The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-15

was preferred. Accordingly 600 OF these
guns were ordered to be manufactured
in Italy and II was proposed to replace
the remaining number OF guns that had
to be provided by light field howltzers
and some heavy field guns II was an
open secret that the new Deport guns
had not been delivered and that. there
fore, in case OF war Italy had 10 use
obsolete guns of hardly any value.
The Deport gun In the invention OF
Col Deport, the designer Of the French |
service gun. The carriage 10 on novel
principle known as the scissors trail and
owing to It's wide anchorage. besides
rendering the carriage unusually stable,
II allows the gun to be pointed nearly
80 degrees on each side OF the central
line. Moreover. the breech can be de-
pressed and the muzzle elevated to 10
degrees above the horizontal plane.
Three advantages are claimed for this
enlarged field OF FIRE viz: Targets in
widely divergent directions can he en-
gagged without shifting the carriage. air
craft can he engaged without the neces-
slty Of a special gun and the gun can be
used rs a howitzer for vertical fire.
The following Information has been
supplied by diplomat of neutral
Power:
"The Russians arc confident OF occu-
pying Berlin about the end OF October
despite the fact that their army, owing
to It's enormous strength. lacks rapidity
II IL q common axiom OF war that the
larger the army the slower II advances
but despite this drawback the time lost
by the Russians in modifying has not
been takcn advantage Of by the enemy
and hence the original plan Of occupy
ing Berlin within "A month very likely
will not suffer any delay. 1t Is esti-
mated that Russia at present has
5000 600 men under arms. distributed
ns follows: About n million in Galicis,
another million In East Prussia and the
Baltic provinces aud two millions con-
centrated in Poland. Behind these troops
there are reserves amounting to about
another million men which in time will
be doubled. ns Russia's available war
resources OF all kinds amount 20 over
10, 600 900 men.
Now that the Russians have occupied
Gaicia and defeated the Austrians there,
they are advancing toward the rem
nants OF the Austrian armies, originally
200. 900 strong. concentrated n Cracow,
where they have been reinforced by
Ave German army corps. about 100000
mon. ! ne Germans, lullN EtHllLluG lllhN
the decisive battles Of the war will DO
fought along the Russian border and
that tho danger from this side Is greater
and more imminent than that on the
opposite frontier. have concentrated all
their available forces here
at * we'll known that Germany had
in the beginning OF the war about
twenty army corps operating IN Bel
GUM and France and five against the
Russians, both naturally REINFORCED by
strong reserves of second line troops.
II is to be presumed tina. now Ave army
corps have been shifted from France
to the east and replaced by second line
troops 80 that at present there are
ten army corps OF first line troops, with
an equal number Of second line. or
! landwehr troops, about 100000 men
in all.
Despite the announcement that the
Germans will assume the offensive
A.. against Russia through East Prussia
and invade the Baltic provinces II II
o. known that this is not tho real German
= plan Within month the Battle PROV
, irces will be snowbouud, and It Is not
, likely tina, the Germans Will r'k OPP
crationJ under such great drawbacks
Z Besides. as Germany has already sent
r half her available forces to aid the
p Austrians It = obvious that the hard
!, est fighting will be in Slesia and lnsen
- While the Russians Will continue ad-
4 vancing westward in Austria, invading
:. Hungary and marching toward Buda-
= pest and Vienna, thus keeping all the
o available Austrian troops engaged the
armies in the Baltic provinces anc
Poland VIII advance against the Ger
mans.
They will fight many battles, posi-
bly, be partially defeated but they viii
Y continue To advance, and that they viii
\ reach Berlin is uudoubted, since a mass
of 1900. 600 men. backed by reserves
amounting almost to the same number
cannot he stopped by any obstacle, anc
A ~ not all the Russians who started from
Poland reach Berlin the survivors vii
he 81 numerous that those LEFT on tn,
way need not he taken into account"
The Italian economist and socio.ogls
VNfredo Pareto, considering the presen
war under the aspect of socia
s. phenomenon. examines very br!efy bu
i clearly the three main causes that pro
* voked it, lie groups these causes a.
Il follows: l. The clash between German
~ ism and Slav.sm. 2 The clash between
/. aristocratic mi,itarism and social de
d mocracy. 3. The particular interests o
Is the various States
Is The Savs and the Germans hav
2 great force or expansion" ne says
Is "whi.e the Anglo-SaXons are incline
~ TO defend what they have acquired an
~ the Lat.ns lost long ago this force an
a. now have almost forgotten their com
OF mon origin and klnship. The German
lo aim toward European hegemony an
I'd want Berlin to take the place OF Rom
in days gone by. The Savs aim a
OF forming an empire similar to the Ger
'y man. The Anglo-SaXons want to kee
~ intact the British empire. Had German
n, not initiated Rome in simultaneously a
ID lacking all her adversaries this wa
would have been averted. Englar
he stepped in because, unlike ancier
nj Greece, she would not allow Rome