davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15

years. Only once during this period
has this road been worked with any
thing but the drag. Two years ago the
side bitches were cleaned with the
common road grader.
A careful record of the time taken to
keep this road dragged has been kept,
and for the first Ave years 1t runs as
follows:
Two trips for one man and one
team requiring one hours time for one
dragging is the basis taken. The first
year we dragged 1t fifteen times, the
second thirteen, the third seventeen.
the fourth twelve and the fifth four
teen times, or seventy-one draggings of
one hours time during ive years.
This at 30 cents an hour for man and
team is $4.26 year for the half mile.
For mile It would be $3.50 annual
cost OF maintenance. Another road In
the Immediate vicinity cost less than
$40 per mile annually. The soil is not
quite as heavy as Red river soil, but
the rainfall is little more than thirty
inches. A case is noted In Public
Roads Bulletin 4s, United States de-
partment Of agriculture, where the
cost Of similar maintenance Of roads
in Arkansas was $11 per mile. State
Engineer Gerhart of Kansas puts the
range of cost for dragging at from 81
TO $40.
The cost for North Dakota should
not be over SO per mile, while in most
cases 1t would be much less. the coSl
depending upon the character Of th,
soil. the rainfall. traffic and grade. As
an average for all dirt roads | would
place the annual cost Of maintenance
at $3.50 per mile or S46O.740 to drag In
a satisfactory manner the roads In
North DakoTa one year.
The total expenditure on public
roads OF North Dakota outside of
towns In 1911 was S691.540 II prop
erly organized and II the people were
educated we could properly maintain
our earth road with present road fund
and have s23o.sOo left for bridges. new
construction. etc.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15
Seniors Give Reception.

On Saturday evening last, the sen
ior class gave a reception to the Other
students of the Normal and to the
faculty. Mrs. Todd, head Of the
Shakespearean club of Portland, gave
several selections from Macbeth, y
and "Romeo and Juliet After the
program many novel little stunts were
given in which all present took part.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15
ther evidence of the modernization of
"PORk BARREL" ROAD BUILD
ING.

When enthusiastic advocates
of good roads from all parts Of
the country meet In convention
1t is inevitable that number OF
III considered plans should be
, proposed. plans that would do
far more harm than good to the
cause.
One of these Is the proposition
that the federal government
should vote an indefinite number
of millions for the work and
place the money in the hands of
the local authorities. That SIM
ply means dividing it among the
constituencies that have return
ed congressman with pull, 1t
is the old rivers and harbors
plan. which has wasted more
millions Of public money than
would suffice to build road
from Detroit to New Orleans
and keep 1t in repair for twenty
years. not to speak of laying
out a grassy boulevard strip and
footwalk on either side Of it.
This money has been deliberate
ly shoveled into little harbors
that were never heard of before
and that which never sheltered
anything bigger than a tug or
a fishing boat.-Better Roads.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15
COST OF DRAGGING ROADS.

c. r. Chase of North Dakota Agrioul-
turaI College Gives Estimates.
At the home farm In southeastern
Nebraska, writes Professor Chase.
there is stretch of road half mile in
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15

In this country. 1t is used with steel
square for finding the center, pointer
marking the line. This instrument, an
application of which Is shown in the
accompanying Illustration, can be used
for several other purposes. among
which the striking Of proper angles in
laying out piping is one.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1914-05-15

The Southdown Is the generally
accepted type of the mutton and
short wool sheep. The breed takes
its name from the downs that line
the southern coast of England. Its
smooth. even body, its round, clean
barrel, Its short legs, its fine head
and broad saddle make it profitable
to breeder and farmer. Southdown
mutton has long been valued highly,
both abroad and in America The
wether shown is a pure bred South
down.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Sacramento Deputy Sher-
iffs Use Pick Handles as
Weapons in Attack.
SCORE OF MEN ARE HURT
Citizens Raise Fund to Charter
Special Train to Send IdIers
Back to Frisco.

Sacramento, Cal, March 9.-Three
militia companies are standing guard
to see that General Kelley and LOO
unemployed board trains and return
to San Francisco. A citizens fund
was raised for the purpose.
Three hundred deputy sheriffs arm
ed with pick handles fought 500 In
dustrial Workers of the World armed
with clubs in an attempt today to
drive General Kelley's army of un-
employed of the Southern Pacific
right of way. A score of men were
injured before the campers were
routed.
Appeal for Troops.
City and county officials appealed
to Governor johnson to cali all avail
able troops to handle the riot. The
clash followed the arrest OF Kelley and
IS subordinates on vagrancy charges.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
FIND DEPLORABLE
MINE CONDITION
West Virginia Congressional
Probe Reports but-Without =
Recommendations.

Washington, d. c., March 9.-The
which Investigated the West Virginia
coal strike was filed in the senate
today by Chairman Swanson. His re-
port, which. .characterizes strike condi-
tion in the strike field most deplor-
able" makes no recommendations, as
the committee was not empowered to
recommend remedial Legislation.
Conditions for many months were
deplorable," says the report. Hos
tility became so intense and the con-
flict so fierce that there existed in the
district some time we'll armed forces
fighting for supremacy. Among the
contributing causes are: Failure Of
the operators in the Paint Creek dis
trict to renew expiring contracts with
the United Mine Workers, determine
ton of the coal operators under no
circumstances to recognize the union,
equal determination of the miners to
organize, employment by the oper-
ators of mine guards, many of whom
were aggressive and arbitrary"
Chicago, Ill, March Introduction
of witnesses in behalf of the Michigan
National Guard deferred today's ses-
sion OF the congressional investigation
pending the arrival of Brigadier Gen
eral Abbey, who commanded the
guard during the strike. President
Meyer of the Western Federation of
was expected to take the
stand during the day to tell of his de-
portation from the copper country.
The afternoon session was taken up
by reading documents into the record
by counsel for the miners, pending
the arrival of the General Abbey.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
RIOTINC ATTENDS
ITALIANS STRIKE
Hundred Thousand Workers
Hold Mass Meeting
Charged by Cavalry.

Rome, Italy, March "a meeting
of 100000 Italian workers who start
ed strike today was held this morn
irg. Speeches were delivered. The
meeting merely passed a resolution de-
manding that public hospitals be re-
organized for the benefit of the work
ing classes. The ostenslble reason for
the strike was to protest against
changes recently introduced at hos
pitfalls, but the authorities believed
the movement of workmen to test their
organizations. Many thousands of
police and soldiers were on duty.
There was much Inconvenience to
tourists owing to lack of public con-
veyances. Several parties in carriages
and automobiles proceeding to the
vatican for an audience with the pope
were hissed and threatened by crowds
of union sympathizers.
Later there was rioting between
strikers and police. Several were in
jured. The cavalry charged the
strikers.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
ELMAN DECLINES
TO FIDDLE; SUED
Manager of Aurora Theatre
Asks $1,000 for Financial
Loss and Mental Anguish.

Aurora, ILL.,, March 9.-That manag.
ers as well as musicians may be af-
fiicted with the artistic temperament
is recorded in the allegations of a suit
brought by ]. T. Henderson, manager
OF the Grand theatre OF this city.
against Mischa Elman, the Russian
violinist
The violinist was under contract for
a concert, but when he surveyed the
audience II did not appear large
enough to yield the $1,000 which the
czar's subject considers his just due,
and he refused to play. He would not
even address the audience and explain
the reasons why the contract had to be
abandoned.
Henderson is suing for $1,000 and
the bill relates that aside the none
tary loss accruing through the violin
lists failure to carry out his contract
the manager has suffered to a consid-
cradle extent from mental anguish,
though the exact amount in dollars
and cents is not specified. Aurora's
patrons of music also feel
aggrieved and their sympathies are
with the manager.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
MILITANTS FIGHT
LONDON OFFICERS
Miss Zelie Emerson, Jackson,
Mich, Arrested and Deporta-
tion Act May Follow.

London, England, March 9.-Militant
suffragettes despite pouring rain en-
gagged in a battle with the police yes
terday on their favorite field, Trafal
gar Square. The arrest of Sylvia
Pankhurst for the sixth time under
the "cat and mouse law, precipitated
the conflict In addition to Miss Pank-
hurst seven women and three men
were arrested.
Among those taken in custody was
Miss Zelie Emerson of Jackson, Mich.
Miss Emerson has been arrested sew
eral times for participation in suffrag-
etteedemonstrations and recently there
we're rumors in circulation that steps
were being taken by the British gov
ernment to expel her from the country
as an undesirable alien. Replying TO
a question put recently in the house of
commons as to whether this report
was true, Reginald McKenna, the
home secretary. declared that no such
steps were being taken. He added,
however:
IF Miss Emerson again commits an
offense bringing her within the provi-
sions of the aliens act the question of
applyinr; to the court for a recommen-
dation for her expulsion will be.consid-
cred"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
CONCESSIONS FOR
ULSTER COUNTIES
Premier Asquith Suggests Ex'
clusion of Protesting
Localities.

London, England, March 9.-Pre
mier Asquith today laid before the
house of commons his proposed con-
cessions to Ulster in regard 10 its po-
sition on the Irish home rule bill.
He proposed that before the bill be
came operative a poll should be taken
of parliamentary electors in each
county to decide whether there should
be exclusion OF Ulster counties from
the provisions of the bill for period
of six years from the first meeting OF
the Irish parliament and IL the majority
Of voters favored the scheme the coun-
ties automatically would be excluded
for the prescribed period.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
WILL Save
HUGE LAND TRACT
Representative Rainey Tells Of
Benefits Of Work North Of
Cape Girardeau.

Washington, D. c.. March 9.-That
Mississippi river between Cape Girar-
deau, Mo-, and Rock Island, ILL.,, for
which an appropriation has been pro-
yided in the river and harbor bill now
pending in the house will be Of great
economic benefit to the residents of
that section, is the opinion of Repre-
sentative Rainey of the twentieth dis
trict of Illinois.
In an interview last night, Mr..
Rainey said the outlook was good for
completion of the levee system of the
Mississippi river. He added that
eventually the levee system will be
extended to all the lands subject to
flooding by the overflow from the lar
ger rivers.
"The Mississippi river is a national
problem" Mr.. Rainey said, ''and is dis
tinctly recognized as euch by three
political parties in their national plat
forms. With its navigation and vast
drainage area properly cared for, we
shall come to realize what match
less treasure we have in that worlds
granary that lies between the Allie
pheny and Rocky mountain systems
and the transcendent Importance of
improving all the water ways of this
priceless food field will become more
patent when we have begun to use
the Panama canal.
Then We shall understand that the
of that costly enterprise
are chiefly on transcontinental freight
rates. Then we shall better appre-
ciate the logic of perfecting our ma
tional water way system by the lake
to-the-gulf improvement.
I'm my district" he continued,
there is a stretch of 80 original levee
districts, of which 26 have been built
by local enterprise, so that by raising
the money necessary by land assess
ment PIC miles of ievees have been
BY the proposed appro-
priation 7S2, 1000 acres of land viii be
reclaimed and be brought to an an
nual productive value of not less than
s35, 100000.
I'VE have levees in Illinois that
evees are very valuable property
Our levees are more easily built and
more enduring than those on the low
ar river. Our river flow is now sub
iect to tickle channels, the banks don't
over and over. they always
afford a landing place and the chan
lePs integrity is preserved
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
BUSINESS MEN PLAN
TO VISIT 3 PLANTS

Members OF the Rock Island Busi
ness Mems association plan to visit
three OF the city's industries Tuesday
afternoon. starting at 1870 O'Clock from
the Safety building. The Standard Ia
BILE Oil Cloth company. Blake Specially
company and the Rock Island Bridge
& Iron Works are on the visitation
schedule.
To see the oil cloth works in its
most interesting operation it is nee
essary to arrive there before 2 o'clock.
1t will be the first plant visited. To-
morrow will be the first day in which
an attempt to visit three plants has
been made.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Frederick Townsend Martin pies.

Albany. y. Y. March 9.-Relatives of
Frederick Townsend Martin brother OF
the late Bradley Martin, received news
yesterday of his death in London last
night His closest relatives are a
brother. Howard Martin of London I;
William l. and Henry Martin of AL
bany. nephews, and Mrs. Edward Muir
ply of Troy. Mrs. Frederick Seeley of
Bridgeport. Conn. and Mrs. Benjamin
McAlpin of New York. nieces.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
ROCK ISLAND ELKS ARE
lAUDED FOR STANDING

Rock Island lodge No. $50. B. P. o.
f.. has received letter of congratula-
ton from Edward Leach. grand exalt-
ed ruler of New York city, the report
made to him by the district deputy.
f. NJ. Seaton. on the condition of the
local lodge.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
SIMPLE FUNERAL
FOR VANDERBILT

Washington. ID. C.. March 9.-There
were simple and brief funeral serv-
ices for George w. Vanderbilt here
today. Only friends and relatives
were present The body was taken TO
New Dorp. Staten island. for burial at
the Vanderbilt home.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Fatalities in West viralnIa.

CIarksburg. w. Va, March 9.-Three
men were perhaps fatally injured and
ten Others seriously hurt in a fire
that destroyed the Lowe building and
seriously damaged the ten-story build
Ing of the Union National bank
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
REFUSES REVIEW
DYNAMITE CASES

washington, d. c.. March .. - The
supreme court refused to review the
conviction OF the "dynamiting cases@
of Frank Ryan and 23 others OF the
ironworkers' union. Only . pardon
can keep them for the peniteutiary.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Chinese Eggs on Way.

Vancouver. b. c.. March s.-Three
and a half million Chinese eggs have
been consigned TO points In the
United States.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Miss MarIowe Not in hospital.

Baltimore. Md. Marea 9.-Reports
that Julia Marlowe. the actress. is III
in hospital here are untrue. She is
at her home In New York.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
Many D IN 81 LOUIS CLUB fire. vERGARAS BODY STOLEN FROM MEXICO
THE WEATHER

FORECAST IIH p. m. Tomorrow, for
Rock Island, Davenport, Moline
and Vicinity.
Increasing cloudiness tonight, prob
ably becoming unsettled Tuesday:
warmer tonight with the lowest TEN
perature about 80 degrees; moderate
variable winds.
Temperature at Z a. m, 21. High
est yesterday. 50; lowest last night,
20.
Velocity of wind at a. m, miles
per hour.
Precipitation. none.
Relative humidity at p. m, so; at
a m, 81.
Stage OF water. As; a fall of . in
last 4S hours.
J. NJ. SHERIER, Local Forecaster.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09
ASTRONOMICAL EVENTS.

Evening stars: Mercury. Venus. Sa;
urn. Mars. Morning star: Jupiter
Constellation Hercules passes the me
ridian in the north. low, about 10 p. III
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09

torney. roomed on the sixth floor.
THE roar OF flames cracking like
giant fire crackers awoke me-" he
said, after escaping from the building.
Thank God there was a fire escape
in front of my window. / ran down
six flights and saw several men jump
and bounce on the sidewalk like rub
Der balls. i was slightly bruised
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-03-09

The flare OF fire brought thousands
of spectators TO the scene. only 10
hamper the work of the firemen. until
driven back by the police. Before
long hundreds OF automobiles belong
irg to members. who had been told OF
the fire. lined the downtown streets.
Men and women relatives and
friends OF victims who were known to
live at the club rushed TO the hotel
from there TO the hospitals and then
to the morgue seeking information.
The Detroit times., 1914-08-17
CIVILIANS WHO BLOCK
GERMANS WILL BE SHOT

BERLIN. via Rome. Aug. 15.-The
German government today nounea
the governments of France and Bel
GUM that, beginning today, all pri-
vate citizens interfering In the siight-
est degree with the advance OF the
German army will be Immediately
shot. This notification is In re-
spouse to the charges fathered In
Belgium and France that the German
army OF invasion was violating the
rules OF civilized warfare.
The notification Is couched In the
most formal language. IL calls at
tention to the alleged Staying OF Ger
man officers and men by Belgian citf
zens firing from the seclusion OF their
homes. 1t declares that Germany
has been lighting the soldiers In the
field, but that II Is now compelled
to resort to extreme measures and
insists that civilians shall take NO
part whatever in the opposition to
the army. Then, in conclusion, the
German note says:
"If the war thus assumes a brutal
character 1t will not be the fault OF
the German nation. German arms are
fighting the enemies OF Germany. II
private citizens are to be slain be
cause they participate In the wal
the blame must be assumed by France
and Belgium, and not by Germany
which Is driven thus to act In self
protection"
The Detroit times., 1914-08-17
WIFE PLEADS
FOR HUSBAND
my Man Wouldn't Steal" She
Tells Court-Gains Him
Temporary Freedom

Mrs. Isaac Richardson, OF No. 251
Watson-st.. read in the morning pa
pers, Saturday, that her husband had
been arrested In the ]. l. Hudson Co.
store on charge of stealing small
articles OF jewelry, and she FASTENED
to police court, to plead for him. He
Is 4s years old.
Judge, that Is my husband" she
said. Il have three little children
two. FIVE and seven years old. My
man wouldn't steal II must be all
q mistake" and her hands trembled
as she extended them toward the
Judge, pleadingly.
But they caught him with the
jewelry in his pocket said Justice
Gainey.
ct can't be right said the WON
an, turning a swift, helpless glance
at her husband, who fidgeted in the
prisoners dock.
He will have to stand trial mex,
Saturday" said Justice Carney.
And how about my three little
babies and me?" asked the woman
quietly. He has been out OF worl
for two weeks. but he Is fine ma
chinist."
Il won't send him to jail, madam, ,
said the Judge, touched by her plea
You promise to bring him here Sat
urday, and ! will let him go home
with you"
"I'll bring him. judge" said the
woman, and the man added: "I'll be
here, Judge"
The Detroit times., 1914-08-17
DAY
BRINGS SILVER
TO SUFFRACISTS
Great Pile of Plate Turned in
Will Be Melted Down and
Sold
DONATIONS OF CASH
ARE ALSO RECEIVED
Mrs. Wilbur Brothert0n Earns
$500 BY Baking Bread for
Summer Campers

Soup ladies', candle-sticks, platters.
knives. forks and spoons OF many
sizes and descriptions. thimbles and
numerous other articles o. solid sill
yer. whole tableful of them, were
the fruits OF the Detroit observance
Of suffrage sacrifice DAY, Saturday.
The donations were made In the head
quarters OF the Wayne County Equal
Suffrage league. The object OF sac
rifice day Is to raise funds to carry
! on the campaigns which will be con-
Quoted for the suffrage cause in seven
states this fall.
Mrs. Wilbur Brotherton, who has
been spending the summer on farm
In the upper peninsula near Mar
quette, appeared in the headquarters
bringing So bill which she proudly
announced she had earned for the
cause OF suffrage by baking bread
three times a week for summer re-
sorters living near where she has been
staying.
Maybe you think it doesn't take q
sacrificing spirit to do that" she said.
81 haven't really made all the IS yet.
but am going back Monday and viii
soon earn the rest of IL. And here
Is another 81. That is for sacrifice
/ thought of just this morning. had
intended to get a new pom-pom for
my hat, but IL occurred to me on the
way down here that could get along
without II for the rest OF the summer
and give this dollar to suffrage"
Many women are making cash con-
tributions and these are expected to
continue coming in through next week
because Of the lateness with which
the letters announcing the observ-
ance OF sacrifice day were sent out.
Many of our best supporters and
those OF largest means are now away
Holt. president Of the Wayne county
organization. This campaign has
been under way only about month
altogether II was started through
the national association.
Arrangements have been made for
the melting down of the silver and
gold received, In the mint In Wash
ington. They will be turned into solid
bars there and then can be sold read
lily.
Although Michigan is not one Of
the seven states in which the ques-
ton Is to come up for decision this
year. we are not idle even here. We
sent out letters to $50 candidates for
places on the legislative tickets Of the
different parties in the state last
Thursday. Already more than half Of
them have replied. and only one man
Is opposed to woman suffrage. Many
OF the candidates were emphatic In
their Endorsement OF our cause.
Contributions such as we are re-
ceiving here are being taken all over
the United States. We have no idea
yet what will be the total value OF
the contributions"
The seven states which will vote
on woman suffrage In the fall election
are North and South Dakota, Mon
tana, Nebraska, Nevada, Missouri.
and Ohio.
The Detroit times., 1914-08-17
MORE EVIDENCE
OF EXTORTION
BY FOOD KINGS
Preliminary Investigation by the
Federal Officials Shows
Prices Unwarranted
KANSAS SUGAR BEET
CROP is HELD UP
Mysterious Combine Engaging
Attention of Justice De-
partment

WASHINGTON. Aug. 15.-"Unduly
high food prices appear unwarrant'
ed" was the uniform general tenor
OF preliminary reports received today
from district attorneys and special
agents OF the department Of justice.
Almost without exception depart
ment officials stated, they are TO the
effect that preliminary investigation
In no instance shows warrant TOT
generally rising food prices.
One OF the most significant state
ments received by the attorney-gen'
eral today, came rrom a special
agent in Kansas City. He reported
that the beet sugar crop was being
held back by parties unknown to
him, and for purposes unknown to
him. His investigation will be
pushed further and a score or more
Of Representatives Of the department
have been instructed to seek the trail
Of the missing sugar beet crop.