The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-20
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over arise
Pat. guui9 in particular faces TIL"
problem of water: its condition is super
ncaIiy much the Same Hs I'm our arid
aud sem arid West. II was in rccoGni-
lion of this similarity Of problem that
The Government at liucros Ayrcs was
led to ask the assistance Of those in
Washington who had been engaged in
the ,tudy Of conservation and water
e'nragc. The territory lies wholly
within he sweep Of tho westerly varia-
bio winds. Tho east coast Is open to
the Atlantic atmosphere. but casterly
winds are rare and seldom is rain
brought from that source. The west
crly winds coming IN over the Pacific
are sharply elevated 20 the Andear
.ummits and discharge their moisture
on the Chilean slopes; hy the time they
have crossed To Patagonia they have
become dry winds and tend moro to
cvapprate what surface moisture there
is rather than to add to It's amount.
The hope Of the future wealth of this
territory was seen to lie in the problem
Of It's water supply. Two solutions were
apparent in our similar experience in
North America. utilization Of suh-sur-
face water. impoundinG of surface
streams COR tho employment Of their
water supply in places where tho value
OF the water could he most advanta-
soously applied.
TIE former of these solutions pressed
most urgently upon 'he needs Of the be
ginning railway and was first taken hp
by Mr.. Willis and his assistants. The
town OF san Antonio was wholly with
out water sac such as might be caught
in the rains This is a condition which
occurs in several thriving communities,
and lie adjusts itself thereto. bermuda.
for noighhornG instance. is wholly
dependent on IT'S rain catchmeAt. and no
lack Is felt iG its supply. Bu, bermuda
IS in n zone Of rains sweeping in from
sea. every wind brings its water content
and most winds discharge it in album
dance. san Antonio. however rarely
re's wi"ds from the ocean. and rs
steady west winds are bone dry after
their passage of the Andes. therefore
the rain cat"hm"ut is prcCariouS ard at
the time when the railway construction
va begun the town supply was insult
| tiCen' for its needs before the now and
great demands were made upon it, The
first effort lay IN the discovery Of an
arteSian supply Tho borlngs have
proved all in vain. II has been found
impossible to discover a potable under
| flow which might he used for tho suu-
mort Of the town and for the needs oi
it, railway service. Accordingly The rail.
Nay MAS pushed a rapidly as possib!e
the FIRST GOAL being Arroyo Nalchota
/ in order mat water might he carried In
tank cars for the service Of the town
| The permanent solution is designed tc
/ he canal from thai source Of water OK.
| lending across the nigh coastal plair
10 some satisfactory point on the ha,
/ 10 which san Antonio may he moved II
order 20 establish convenient port.
The soils Of the pampas country
4 travorsod by tho railroad have been
| extensively studied in this exploration
/ Potentially they ar" very rich and
! should N.old handsome returns TO aerl-
! cultnr" under ditch Mr. Willis observes
/ The sn,s or Rio Negro are derived
! IN part from iGncnus rocks watch. de
| rayluG. yield some of the richest So.
! elements, from clay rocks originally
| deposited IN sWamps. in cstuaries OF
! on the sea bottom, and now exposed IL
! dls!ntcGrat,un, from sands looscnc,
/ '''"' "l'"S "I ny tne de'o'npoSi-
/ '''h W E'""'e,' ~ edhtIon To these
/ ,""H"t"'"' N"'aih' ASH ~ an lmpor-
,'''' ''''"c'' N"'v'' '"puSh not every
NV,' l"''"'' - "'o'Sproad' TNt
! w. Wv "'"'.N'' ''e source IS sol
maui w %, cay ana sand me o
','' VIZ" ~ ''''I l''"'e ot orII.f
~ "','' W 'e'H '"'H'i."'N mixed
| '"' N''N, ~ IN, course "I trahsroria
~" "H ,''' N""uS mv'"'''' more or less
! INV ''N'N H''''" '"' S"I"'u character
, Ut e'l'h S."S S'r"N"lN Stln%ulshc'
I 'u'l" ''"'h '"' l''Neu a"uN!el SOILS from
""'" '"'N are W many places derived.
! The qualify of the eolian distribution
of soils wa first subjected to exhaustive
| study by tho i'arpn Won iiChthofen il
his examination of the loess in CHINA