davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

ural. The figure faces southwest In
the direction of the line of the valley
he loved SO we'll. 1t. too. Is the work
of Valentine and was unveiled July
81, 1891. Just thirty years from the
day the first battle of Bull Run was
fought
At New Orleans
The Lee statue In New Orleans Is
the pride OF the Crescent City. II
stands in Lee Circle from which radi-
ate several of the most beautiful
streets and avenues OF the city. 1t Is
a Doric column more than one hun
1red feet in height and IL capped by
a bronze statue Of Lee fifteen feet
high, designed by Alexander Doyle, OF
New York The general design OF the
monument was prepared by an old
Confederate soldfer---a native Of Louis
lana. Captain John Roy. It's erection
was brought about by the Robert Il.
Lee Memorial Association of New Or
Taans, organized in 1870. The monu-
rnent cost 100000. and was COM
pleted In 1884. The city has recently
appropriated 100000 for repairs to
the base and mound. and as several OF
the commissioners appointed by the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

70 the Confederates who fell IN battle
there II Is modest marble shaft
a tribute of several States to their
dead heroes.
Countless Memorials In The South.
Almost every Southern State boasts
Of number of memorials tp her Con-
federate sons, but space win not per-
mi, a minute description of all OF them
so only the most prominent can be
mentioned. The most important Of
these is the recunbent statue Of Gen
eral Lee at the Washington and Lee
University al Lexington. Virginia. This
is by Edward Y. Valentine. and is one
Of the most noted works OF art In this
country. II stands in the Lee mauso-
leum where the body of the great gen.
eraI rests. The mausoleum was built
by the Lee Memorial Association and
IS under "t',e perpetual care of the Uni
verslty and Is one of the sacred spots
Of the South. Stonewaii Jackson. too,
sleeps al Lexington. and his grave Is
marked by a heroic bronze statue
showing the worlds greatest corps
commander in the plain Confederate
officers uniform. The conception OF
the whole figure is lfe-iike aud nat
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
Lx91Tt. 0171Lh TZT17S

hour 1t Is claimed by war theorists
that the chance OF being brought down
by the enemy's guns Is slight. AZ far
as known. the Mexicans have no equip
ment which would come anywhere
near hitting a machine flying at fif-
teen hundred feet above them.
Several long flights have been made
at Vera Cruz, such as the tests at
Guantanamo last year. These are TO
try the affect of smoke and the DIFF
ferent afr currents Of that part OF the
tropics--in fact. almost every con-
ceivable test has been made In trying
out the machines. and they have stood
the test. 1t Will be recalled that In the
Turkish italian and Balkan wars the
aerial scouts did more toward saving
lives than in destroying them. These
aviators were so swift in detecting the
movements OF armies that where they
were employed the element of sur
prise was removed. and In the first
case the Italians we're enabled to oc-
cupy TripoNtana with little opposition;
in the second case. Adrianople and
other strongholds were taken with
only fraction Of the loss OF life which
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

out permission. fearing that plans OF
their fortifcations would be made.
Happily Mexico had no such law or
another incident might have been adj
ded to the Mexican mix-up. It Is well
known that President Wilson issued an
order last August forbidding anyone
to fly over the Panama Canal.
The writer can vouch for the ex-
ceflencs of photographs which can be
taken from the Navy flying machines
by actual experience. having made a
flight with ,one OF tho Navy aviators
last year at Guantanamo. Cuba. The
pictures were made with an ordinary
camera with a speedy lens and focal
plane shutter. and showed clearly the
location OF different points OF that
part Of Cuba, also the entrance to the
harbor Of Guantanamo. Since that
time a new type of photogra PHO in
strument known as the balloon cam
era" has been put on the market. 1t
has a rapid telephoto lens, and its re-
suits have been little short OF mar
velous.
Not Easily Hit ny Bullets.
Flying 1T the rate IT atty miles an
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
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Z0Ss~e<aS <1J5x2S 5oH[

by lieut.. r. G. ENyson, who until
year ago was an active fiier. The me-
chantctans are all enlisted men. The
avfators had already had some expert
ence as air scouts. for during the three
months spent on the shores OF Guam
tanamo Bay early in 1913 they DEM
onstrated this part of aviation by fly
ing out 10 sea and discovering a part
Of the fleet which had gone to sea a
6ay or two before for battle practice.
The air scouts made Aging trips In all
sorts Of weather and each time re-
turned and reported the exact location
of these ships TO the Admiral, with the
result that several destroyers were sent
out in order to ascertain the correct
ness of the air. scouts report. They
found the ships located according to
the chart made by the aviators and
captured the ships. or course, this
was only a war game. but II served
to illustrate the real worth okthe aero
plane in actual war.
Several types OF machines were car
ried. among them new type OF flying
boat known as The Owl" 1t Is Il
rather curious affair, for beneath the
customary boat are two wheels. This
makes it practical both for landing on
land or water. This machine 10 likely
to prove of inestimable value II there
is an inland occupation. Another Is
the regulation Curtiss flying boat. Two
men can sit in the boat section which
resembles huge wooden shoe In front
with the tail of fish in the rear.
These machines can carry bombs be-
sides the aviators. and as the officers
who operate them have practiced
for some time they
were prepared to defend themselves
In case the Mexicans should decide to
take shot at them. but so far this
has not been necessary as the Mexi-
cans were so over-awed by the APP
pearance OF the flying machine that
they merely stood and looked at 1t as
q boy does at a circus parade.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

the Daughters gather at the cemetery
and cover the entire plot with flowers.
Virginia leads the States in honor
ing the memory OF her sons who wore
the gray for she has about thirty
shafts to their memory. Richmond
fairly bristIes with memorials Of the
Civil War. for It has the Jefferson
Davis monument, the colossAt eQues-
trian statue of Lee, the Jeb Stuart
monument. the Soldiers and Sailors
monument. and the great granite pyr-
amid set up in Hollywood Cemetery in
memory OF the three thousand Con-
federates, the very flower OF vlrginia's
young manhood. who rest beneath the
sod at Hollywood. a8
Where First Confederate Died.
Fairfax, Virginia, has marked the
scene of the opening conflict In the
war. 1t Is rough hewn shaft at
Richmond granite with a simple in
scription. 1t stands In front OF the
old fashioned Court House. 1t also
marks the spot where the hrst Con-
federate soldier killed In action fell.
This man was John Q. Marrs Captain
Of the Warrington Rifles. The monu-
ment was erected by the Mari Camp
Of Confederate Veterans.
Memorial To Southern Poets
Augusta, Georgia, has sven set up
"a memorial in honor of thNsfonr great
Southern poets: ,.SidnsyreLAHter, Fa-
Their Ryan, James R-Ran4aA and Paul
Hayne-a hitting trthnte tbs these men
whose poems Of this Southland and her
! sorrows have delishtedth6'wofld. Fa-
Their Ryan's CONQUERED Banner" and
Randairs Maryland. MY Maryland"
are perhaps ths best known Of these
poems
i And thus the people of the South
have honored their dead heroes-the
men who fought to protest the rights
which they HAD inherited and which
: they thought was their duty to trans
init unshorn to their children.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
Flying Over Vera Cruz

Lieutenant Towers, Lieutenant Ell
Tyson. and Lieutenant Beiiinger have
been flying over Vera Cruz at regular
intervals. and once or twice they have
extended their flights far inland. They
succeeded in locating several Mexican
ca mps and have made maps OF the
surrounding country. 1t can be read
lily understood how valuable these
maps will be In case mediation should
prove failure, in which event
march to Mexico City by our army
would be inevitable. This would be
by no means an easy task as in many
places there are narrow passes
through the mountains where our men
might be easily ambushed but for the
all-seeing eye OF the aviator who could
locate the enemy and avoid such =
catastrophe. When maps are to be
made two aviators go up in the same
aeroplane. one guiding the machine
and the other doing the sketching or
working a camera. AS the machine
gides along without jar the man who
is doing the sketching Is not disturbed
by the bumps or jolts which occur 'on
land. He merely looks down and uses
his pencil. He can turn back as many
times as he pleases, and go up or de-
scend at will. The aviators declare
1t to be the most satisfactory way Of
sketching fortincations, etc. Several
of them are said to have made photo
graphs of the camps and the sur
rounding country. but these SO far are
kept a secret by the commanding offi-
GERS. who declare themselves highly
gratified over the results. Apart from
the serious part or the aviators' work
their flights have aroused the greatest
curiosity on the part of the residents
of Vera Cruz. who gather In the
streets each day to watch the birdlike
machines as they soar over the city.
Several of the European countries
have forbidden aviators from other
countries to fly over their land with
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

The State Of Texas boasts Of ten nne
Confederate memorials. FIVE OF which
were erected by the Daughters. Three
of the monuments are at Austin, and
one-the tribute to Terry's Texas
Rangers, Ia worthy of special notice.
being fine specimen OF the sculptor's
art. 1t Is the work of Pompeo Cop
pini, and represents ranger" on
horseback. The animal stands upon
the largest piece OF marble ever quar-
ried in the South and came from
Liano, Texas
Tennessee has twelve Southern me
MORALS, its finest one being tribute
to General Nathan Bedford Forrest,
known during the war as the wizard
of the Saddle" 1t Is a magnificent
equestrian statue.
Maryland Memorial.
Alabama has erected six memorials;
Florida has two; Mississippi, ten: Mis-
souri,, North Carolina and Arkansas
have set up seven each: Kentucky has
nine West Virginia, four, and South
Carolina eleven. Maryland has only
four, but one OF them Is exceptionally
beautiful. 1t was erected by the Mary
land Daughters of the Confederacy
and stands on Mount Royal Avenue
in Baltimore The figures of Glory
and the Confederate soldier are in
bronze and stand on a granite pedes-
tai. ~ 81 -
At Loudon Park Cemetery. near
Baltimore, there Is another tribute to
the memory OF the Confederate dead.
In 1874 the State of Maryland made
an appropriation for the purpose OF
gathering together the bodies OF the
Z Confederates who were buried In va
rious parts OF the city. This was done
and the remains of four hundred men
were inferred in a large plot In the
cemetery. In the center OF this stands
marble statue known as 1.-The Con
federate Soldier" On Confederate
/ Memorial Day. June 9Th In MARYLAND,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
again from the water.
Corps Remarkable Ayiators.

again from tho wafer.
Corps Remarkable Aviators.
The Aviation Corps at Vera Cfua
numbers among Its members several
officers who have done some remark
able flying. One Of them. Lieutenant
John Towers. has come to be regarded
as one Of the worlds greatest avia-
tors. He Is highly enthusiastic ovs1
the possibilities OF the flying boat. and
has used II In his greatest fights. II
will be recalled that he was In the air
as a passenger with Ensign Billings
ley In a Wright hydro-asroplane last
summer at Annapolis when the latter
was killed. Lieutenant Towers sAvsd
himself by clinging to the machine
which, after falling about six hundred
feet. turned in such = way a. to form
= sort Of parachute. Lieutenant Tow
ers.. arm was badly wrenchsd and hia
nervous system racked. but after sew.
erai months In the hospitai he rscov-
cred and resumed hts work At the avi-
alton camp. He has recentiy baen In
consultation with Rodman Wanna
maker as to plans for the trans-At-
lantic Night, ana at ono time hoped
TO be one of the pilots. At present II
Ia doubtful d TO whether the Score
tary of the Navy Will allow him 70
leave
Lieutenant Beliinser. too, II regard
ed an an expert and Is an altitude Mar.
an accomplishment which VIII prove
valuable In case 1t should bscorne
n &C essary to ny. over the Mexican
mountaina., Lieutenant Smith, OF ths
Marine Corps. ranks high In aviation
and knows how to put his machine
through all sorts OF evoiutions under
different conditions OF air. During
January OF this year he accompanies
the transports Hancock ans
prairie" to Culsbra Island. Forte
Rico. where they went to give the ma.
rines a practice cruise. Leuteneat
McIlvain, also Of the Marine Corps. ac-
companied him and the two made sew
eral record flights. Lieutenant Nell
vain has been left In ehares OF the
station at Pensacola but later he. too.
may be called to Vera Cruz
800, oO0, 600 Spcnt In Aviation -
Nations.
During the past three years tie ma
lions OF the world have spent more
than one hundred millions OF doHef
In air crafts. The greater part 81 TN
has been spent for military purpoeee
and by European countries. Up = tn
present time 1t has been excee0la9ly
difscult to make Congress undsrseano
the needs Of the Aviation Corps ma.
for long time they worked at : 9reAs
disadvantage a. their flying machinee
had to be purchased out Of money -
aside for working equipment. there
being no special fund for the pur.
chase of aviation supplies, and oot3
recently some money was set apart -
new machines. The Maxlcan dtuAfioa
and the excellent work being AocaM-
plished by the aNators In solving th&
problem Of safety for our man puts
new phase on the Aviation Corps, anAI
I II Is more than Nksiy that these BRAVE
young officers who are risking then
lives every day II Vera Crus viii -
longer suffer from lack Of flying e1utrs
mant--ths safest and bsst wa1o
money can socNrA
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

would have been involved otherwise.
1t is hoped that the same results can
be obtained In Mexico.
Flying From Batt1eships.
Various devices have been invented
for the use Of aeroplanes on battle
ships. but the one regarded as most
perfect Is that invented by Captain
Washington Chambers, one Of the Of
ficers OF the Department of Aeronau-
tics at Washington, an apparatus for
the purpose Of starting aeroplanes
from the deck OF a battleship. This
has been successfully tested and. It
is said will later become part Of the
equipment OF each squadron. and II
not actually carried on battleships will
have quarters on one OF the auxtl-
Aartes. The flying boat can land beside
q battleship and II necessary can be
hoisted up on deck or make IT. start
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
I've know not whence they came,
Dear Is their lifeless clay:
Whether unknown or known
4 They died. and wore the gray"

was in the Southland that the
beautiful custom OF decorating
graves OF dead heroes had It's orl-
! gin.S After the close OF the Civil
War. during which mother and sister
and wife had endured untold hard
ships and had yielded up their contri-
button to the Lost Cause with unpre
redented sacrifice. they continued their
devotion by setting aside day In each
year to be dedicated to commemo
rating the courage. fortitude and
splendid manhood OF those who went
10 their fnal roll call In defense OF the
honor OF the South. On that occasion
with tender care, with fearful eye, yet
with unsm!rched pride. they gather
around the graves OF their departed
loved ones and deposit gariands of
Beautiful flowers es q testimonial to
the heroic deeds of the boys who
fought under the Stars and Bars.
Honor the memory OF those who
served and who fell In the service of
the Confederate States is clause in
the Constitution of the Daughters of
the Confederacy -~- that splendid or
Eanization OF women whose ancestors
died in defense of the Los; Cause. No
PNfk VI tlitt &ofiNt tNtAhAPi iltS~ bSSS'
more faithfully carried out. for besides
strewing flowers they have built homes
for the widows and orphans and have
maintained them many times at great
personal sacrifice Then. too. they
have erected at least nifty OF the hun
-dre.i or mare ts.ernar!als .ast -up- In the
South 10 the memory OF the men who
wore the gray.
On Rattirficlds.
For several years after the war the
United States Government refused to
allow Confederate monuments to he
erected on the battleaeids north of
Mason and Dixons line. but after a
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24

T u III AGkGa4
has been accomplished
w through avission, those who
are actually engaged In the science
feel sure OF great achievements should
occasion demand as in our case with
Mexico. That both England and Ger
many believe in IT'S value In warfare
Is shown from the fact that Great
Britain is already in possession of
more than one hundred and fifty-aero-
planes, while Germany who has Sc
far maintained the greatest secrecy
along this line. liz said to own three
hundred and sixty aerQplanes and
twenty dirigible balloons The French
army has large aviation corps--in
fact. all the European countries are
well equipped with flying machines Of
various kinds which could be used In
actual warfare,
The United States is at present far
behind In this eqt,ipm ent hut oHly as
far as the number Of machines is con-
cerned. for the officers Of both our
Army and Navy Corps OF aviators are
we'll trained and just as competent
and brave. II not more SO. than the
men who man the dreadnoughts of the
air In foreign lands. Time and again
ing experimental flights, and recently
Lieutenant Bellnger Of the U. s.
Navy Corps. few directly over the
Mexican army camp.
Ayiators Prepare For MEXICO.
Admiral Badgers nee, had scarcely
left Hampton Roads when a message
from the Navy Department reached
Pensacola. the new aviation training
school OF the Navy. ordering the air
feet to join the ships at Vera Cruz.
prepared for duty. The Mississippi"
which early in January had been de-
tailed as the aviation ship and sent
to Pensacola, was lying at anchor in
the old Navy Yard near the hangers
Of the aviation school. 1t was soon
put In order and officers from various
shore stations were sent post haste to
Florida to Join the ship. In the mean
time the hydro-aeroplanes were taken
apart and slowed away on the Mis-
sissippi," The members Of the avia
ton corps whose living quarters have
been on the battleship for the past
few months were already prepared for
this trip. About thirty mechAnicians
were next taken on board. all eager to
try out the machines In real warfare.
The aviators were Lieutenant Com
mander H. c. Muslin, Lieut.. John
Towers Lieut. Victor Herbster, Lieut.
p. ". L. Bellinger. Lieut.. Sansley. En-
sign Chevalier.' Ensign Bemonte. and
Ensign Stolz, all of the Navy. and
Lieut.. n. L. Smith, OF the Marine
earns. At Vera Cruz they were met
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
Ger. 1ose|lE:zee aIee.e ze15 <exzzS6a0. !
A Story Of Decoration Day in the South, and How
the People Have Remembered Their Dead
: Heroes By Erecting Memorials of Bronze
and Marble To Their Memory.

Time when secrfUra1 teefrng gradually
died out a marble tablet was set UP
in the field at Gettysburg marking the
spot where General Armistead fell
during Pickett's famous charge. Sew
eral years later the survivors of the
Second Maryland Infantry. c. S. A.,
set up n monument in memory OF their
dead comrades on Cups Hill. Gettys-
burg. IL Is a massive granite block
and its position. marking the spot
where this regiment took It's stand
testifies to the vaior OF the men more
eloQuently than any inscription. a;
present this is the only Confederate
monument among the hundreds which
dot this historic battlefield. although a
splendid monument lis in course OF
erection on Confederate avenue. This
Is being set Up by the State of Viz
ginia. and will be surmounted by a
heroic bronze equestrian statue Of
General Robert E-Lee. 1t marks the
spot where he hade General Pickett
good bye Just before the charge"
The Confederate lines at An,ietarn.
Maryta nd are marked by tablets. and
one state - Maryland honored
her Confederate dead by erecting a
fought In both armies The Held at
Chsckawauga and Chattanooga, which
like Gettyshurg and Antietam, are
owned by the Government. has a num-
her - Confederate monuments and
several others are in course Of cree
ton. Kentucky's tribute To her dead
is, perhaps. the most imposing of them
ALA tall granite column surmounted
by female agure representing the
martial spirit Of the State. Georgia
3 Ts- repr ssentFf tyv two rr1sr10rtats=~one
IN memory Of Carnes' Battery and the
other tribute 10 the Georgia reEi-
ments who fought SO valiautly IN that
battle Florida has recently erected
ono near the spot where her boys in
gray bore the bruut Of battle"
On the feld al Bull Run the
"raaughters'' have set up a monurr, en- :
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-05-24
How the Navy Aviation
Corps Made Maps ofVera
Cruz and the Surround.
ing Country = The Per-
sonnet Of the Corps and
Their Work.

filLE as yet nothing very de-
structiVe In actual warfare
has b c en- accomplished
through aVlstion, those who
The Alaska citizen., 1914-08-17
Wednesday
GERM MANY.

Reports from London tell of the general repulse of the German arm ies along the entire French and Belgian borders A statement issued by the British war office says that the German advance on Liege was repulsed in the center, and that the invading army in Luxemburg met with defeat at the hands of the French forces. It is asserted that the Germans laid trap for the triple allies, and that the latter refused to get into it.
 From Brussels is a report that the Germans are retiring all along the line of attack, but it is expected that the attack will be resumed later The report declares that the Germans have stopped their activities an order from the German emperor who did not want to waste life.
 Dispatches from Paris are to the effect, also, that the French troops have checked the advance of the Germans through Luxemburg. Fierce fighting, however, is reported from Longwy
 Brussels advices state that it is estimate there that Germany
The Alaska citizen., 1914-08-17

statement that the war in Europe States.
 President Wilson has declared that he is not in favor of the f1n- anciers of the United States mak- ing loans to foreign countries.
 Mayor Rose of Los Angeles in an interview said he did not think that the people of the city should indulge in too much war talk
 Women of Chicago have started boycott on some kinds of foods to force prices down.