The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

exnorted during the wears 1909, 1910,
and 1911 is given in a recent lSS'te OF
the Pan-American Bulletin, and md
Gates that the exports for the later
two years were somewhat less than
in 1909. There has been some extern
sion of the area devoted TO cotton,
and, in tn absence of reliable infor-
nation, the production in 1912 and
1918 is placed at 10, 900 bales.
The principal cotton-producing dis
tricts of Peru are located near the
coast and are irrigated by waters
from the Andes, brought in canals
from the many rivers. Rains are al
most unknown in these districts. al
though considerable moisture is sup
piled in the form Of dewS. which are
unusually heavy. The soil is rich
and the average yield is not far from
a bale to the acre. While Peruvian
cotton is free from many of h dis
eases that attack the plans in other
lands, considerable damage was cauS-
ed in several districts by insect pests.
There are several varieties of cot
ton grown in the country. that from
| American seed amounting to nearly
two-thirds of the total. The best
known variety is that designated
rough Peruvian," and grown prin-
cipally in the Piura and lea Valleys
in the northwestern part of the
country. It is an indigenous tree cot
ton, which attains a height Of Il to
Is feet and lives for a number Of
years. 1t is cut back each year, and
is usually replanted in from 4 to I
years. This variety is used for mix
ing wool, and is in demand in all
the wool-manufacturing countries.
Small quantities of sea-island and Nit
A fiji are also grown.
Mexico.
Accurate statistics as to the annual
production Of cotton in Mexico are
not available. The semi-annual re-
ports of the cotton mills to the Gov
ernment, however, give the quantities
of the several kinds of cotton con-
sumed, and these, with the statistics
Of imports and exports, afford a gen
eral idea as to the production. Ac-
cording to the figures compiled by
Mr.. F.. T. Craig, of Mexico City, the
consumption Of Mexican cotton in
Mexican mills amounted to $4,000
bales Of 500 pounds net for the veal
ending June 30, 1913, as compared
with 10000 bales for 1912, 49, 600
bales for 1911, and 124,00 bales fol-
1910. h annual exports of cotton
are negligible, while the imports
range from 5000 to 5000 bales, most
Of which are American cotton. The
growing conditions during the las,
season were better than for severa'
years previous, but the output was re
stricted somewhat by the disturbed
political conditions, and the produc.
ton for 1919 is accordingly placed a,
15O, 900 bales.
Cotton is cultivated in many part:
Of Mexico, but more than three.
fourths of the total quantity is grown
in the Laguna district, which in
Guides portions Of the States of Goa.
hula. Durango, and Chihuahua
l uyhnra tho nrn1,Iotinn pn~, ~
most entirely upon irrigation. Tn
sta pie produced in Mexico is strons
and averages more than an inch il
length.
, When the factories are operating
under normal conditions, they con
ton and draw also upon the United
States for a part Of their require
, mentS.
, Under the stimulating effects o
high prices the production Of cottol
in Turkey reached approximate,
: 100000 running bales in 1865. Thi
was followed by reaction, and be
tween 1870 and 1895 no production
: worthy of mention occurred. Sine
e 1895, however, a new impetus ha
been giveh to the industry. and tn,
production in 1912, according to tn
e report of Mr.. G. Bic Ravndal, consu
general at Constantinople. has beer
estimated at zoo, 900 bales. Tn
: principal cOtton-groWing section. al
cording TO this report, is in the Gill
can Plain, in the vicinity of Adana
Other cotton-growng districts are il
Alden. near Smyrna, and in Armenia
Palestine. and Mesopotamia.
In view of the success ATTENDING
f the cultivation Of cotton in the Rus
: sian Provinces of Asia, there viii un
doubtedly be a considerable expan
sion in Turkey. particularly with tn
introduction of modern methods 0
irrigation. Better transportation IA
~cilities are beng provided, and SOM
irrigation projects of magnitude ar
n in course of ~~onStruction. a larg
project of this character in the vicinj
0 ty of ancient Babylon being nearI
n completed.
The weight of the Turkish ~haI
s varies considerably in the several die
S tricts. and account must be taken =
this in presenting figures OF produc