Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1914-12-10
OF HOW
|CEBERGS FORM
GREAT NAS~E- BROKEN OF
FROM GLACIERS EXTEND
NC INTO OCEAN

WASHINGTON. - g.. Dec o.
The birth OF an iceberg g. striking"
described in q report made 70 the Ma
ronaI Geographic society by x e.
Tarr and IeWrence Marion, VINO
aasd the expedition oi th" s"'ie'y
20 Alaska Tor the a,uiy 81. iho t'-
hayior Of GLACIERS there
The front OF Hubbard Glacier.
measured in a straight line Is . 's
20 Z miles wide. but since the ice
cliff has sIuuous form with prolec-
lions LOO the center, u b. in reality
much longer than this the total
length being iia 20 miles. This
rllff rises between $50 and 300 feet
above the water aud extends an nu-
known distance below % Ouc usually
needs to wait but e. few moments ic
hear from some part of the cliff 'h'
thuuderlikc rumble or roar which is
the first announcement OF an Iceberg
fal. followed e few moments later
by the appearance of great swell
which. 0u reaching the shore. forms
line OF white breaker even on "a
distance OF several miles from the i'f
cliff By watching the ice cliff, on"
may soc the huge masses fall from
the Zee front and fountain Of water
dash perhaps even to the top of tho
glacier. and then. in few seconds.
hear the report which The rendins Of
the glacier sends out one De- iasc.-
mated by the performance. someiim-
o. 10 o. only small piece that falls
and then q sharp single report Ike
the crack OF pistol, goes through
the air again q part OF the front
Cumblss ami dovn-sliding Ice hrok-
,u into small pieces Seems from DIS
lance like e fountain Of water while
tho report BIS only low rumble ~
other times huge massc break away
forming lJrFp irphergs and tho
noise then produced is Ike the heavy
rumble uf distant thunder and az
rare intervals one may see a huge
mass OF blue or black ice thrust IT,
self no from below the ford. som"
distance rom the glacier front. as q
part of tho submerged ice foot rs
broken of and then no report is
heard. but the wave that follows is
far greater than usual
The water waves which folio y
the discharge of icobergs from 'h"
front OF Hubbard Glacier are o.
great magnitude IN September
1913. for example. the steamship
Princes Maquinua as aground on o.
reef just west of Os.er Islands with
the members OF the International
Geological Congress who visited
Yakutat BAY under the guidance Of
the Junior author The ship lay over
D mile from the Glacier. and yet tho
water wave followed the DISCHARGE of
icebergs from Hubbard Glacier cals-
ed the steamer 90 roll until she took
in water oa the main deck. as first
one side aud then the other was di1-
ped Tar down by be- iceberg waves
There are periods when FOR az
hour or $50 there D. very little diH.
charge. AMI then periods, fully as
long. when scarcely a moment elaps-
~ without the sound of ice falls
from some part of the glacier front.
U Is possible that these difference
are Zoo some way related 10 the state
Of the tide. but We have not deter
mined whether the periods Of quiet
ana activity form part OF q regular
cycle or are merely Irregular inier.
walls due 10 accumulation of strain
and relief from strain or 10 eXpen.
sion and contraction under sunlight
while there are periods az relative
quiet they are not periods OF abso-
lutte rcpose. and they occupy FAR less
time than the periods of activity.
bay ana night the ice falls and tho
reports that pass out through The a'-
are $40 frequent thai 10 i- fair DO
speak of the glacier 3s almost cease.
e.sly ACTIVE" The noise disiur IS
ones sleep a. first end -1metimos
when an unusually heavy fall oc-
ours. Vakens ono even after b., has
grown accustomed tn The ordinary
rumble \ sense of nervous relief b.
/ fnIi when camp is removed 20 part
. of the ford to which the ic,hor,
roar and tho hreakeros ou The coast
. du not reach