davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

A. IT, Woods Ia TO produce a musical
play called Tho Masked Dancer.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

from Brooklyn, headed by Joe Kelley.
who took Jim Sheckard with him TO
Baltimore. Neither remained with the
Orioles. Kelley was allowed to go to
Cincinnati, where he succeeded Riddy
Mcphee as manager. and Sheckard re-
turned to the Brooklyn fold on May
1st- Among other prominent desert
erS that year we're Tom Daily. Jam Nc
CURE and Adrian joss.
In 1903 a quartet OF WtAr players
Jumped They were While Keeler.
wild Bhl" Donovan. Charley Farrell
and Frank Kftson. To make matters
worse for the Brooklyn club, three of
It's players turned their backs on the
Fast and Joined the Pacific Coast
league. which waS then an outlaw"
oryan1nation. They were Pitchers Jay
Hughes and f. John Newton. and
Third Ba@eman Charles Irwin
Tho PhflaieO fnourned the loss OF SIX
players by deeertaon in 1901, four of
W HON, Chick FrayHer. Wiley Pratt Ma
poleon IAjote and Bill Bernhard, went
ever to Connie Mack's Athletics. Joe
Doian. the only "Cosy." was released
by the rhtlliea. accepted advance
money from Syracuse, and then
jumped to the Athletics. Joe Sulli-
van. catcher. WAS secured from Dem
YER. and he jumped to the White Sox.
In I9UG Lne fHLhieS suiIEttu u bip"
from which they have not recovered
to the present day, ten OF their stars
varnooMng. Among them were Ed
Delehanty, Elmer Flick. Monte CsS,ss
Red Domaine, Al Orth, Ed McFar-
land and John Townsend. Harry. VOL
verton. Bill DugEieby and Bill Douglas
also Jumped, but all three returned.
woiverton was discharged late in the
season of 1901. after being detected
ngning 4 Washington contract. He
began IN 1902 With Washington, but
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

ers in 1901 were Ed Scott, Bob Wood,
Phil Geier. James Barrett, Hobe Fer
ris. Erve Beck and George Robe. Fer
ris had just been drafted from the
Norwich club of the Connecticut
league, but never thought 1t worth
while to report. Robe was an anna
teur infieider In Cincinnati, who turned
his back to the Reds.
In 1902 Dick Harley made the leap.
He was the only Red to jump that
year In 1903 Sam Crawford Was the
lone Red deserter.
Pittsburg Lost Few Men.
Tho Pittsburg club lost but seven
players AZ direct result of the war,
but In truth only three men can be
termed jumpers. They were Jimmy
Williams and Harry Smith in 1901,
and Jack Cheshire In 1903. Ely did
not jump In 1901, but being detected
working hand in hand with the Amer
lean league. he was summarily
bounced. Smith was obtained from the
Milwaukee club, then in good stand
ing, but ran away to Connie Macks
forces before the season opened, Will
hams waited until the close Of the
season and then went over TO the
Baiumores. Smith jumped back to
the Pirates in 1902.
In 1902 Jack O'Connor was caught
in the act of helping the OUTLAW
cause, and was at once handed his
release. He took refuge the follow
ing season with the New York Ameri-
cans, where he soon drew a suspem-
sion on the charge of Observation-Disclosures
In 1903 three players were lost to
the Pirates, Jack Chesbro, Jesse Tan
nehill and Widow Gonroy All signed
American league contracts Tannehill
and Conroy were released after the
close of the season but Cheshro was
continued on the list
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
OUTLAW LEAGUES
HAVE vAInLY TRIED
To OPPOSE MAJORS

There .s no doubt that the Federal
league magnates today mean not only
Ia invade National agrrement terri
tory, but to get all the best players
they can. Therefore they are re-
ferred to as outlaws" The Federal
league cannot possibly succeed unless
IL does ths~e very things, and one of
its leaders says tina, a Toedly number
Of PLAYERS are not set for a jump
would be giving the lie to history.
There have been three incursIons of
''harhariarls'' into National league
fields during the last twenty years.
only one Of which was success.
in 1884 the union associations inva~
sion came 10 naught. and in 1890 the
Players league also failed to gain
fovthold. But in 1901 the American
league guided by master-hand.
achieved its object and secured a per
manent footing in baseball To All
these irsvaSions some of the best play
ers lent their assistance, and without
The best players there can be no
una ser league. II may. therefore, he
interesting to go back some dozen
wears and took over the situation In
baseball. and note the number and
character Of players who forsook the
National league and made the Aueri-
can league the f1ourtshiug organiza-
ton IL is today.
In 1900 the Western league cha nEed
rs name TO the American league. and
IN 1901. like the Federal league at
present. placed clubs in National
league territory, II offered a1luring
Inducements n the best players, and
In three years. 1po1-1so2-fsos sue
ceeded IN influencing 100 In Join it's
standard or these 1903 psayera sew
eral were assisted In their Jumps"
ny the clubs which had regularly paid
their salaries They were bounced in
stanter upon the discovery that while
accepting their salaries with one hand.
they. with the other, were signing
teammates 9o contractors OF the
opposition. In the first year. 1901.
there were fifty-five deserters and in
1902 there We're forty, by the time
the season Of j s0s rolled along, peace
wss declared between the warning
leagues. But before the papers were
signed fourteen moro players had
abandoned the old ship.
The appended table will chow the
Number of players lost by the diff
fererit National league clubs by de-
sertion during the three years war:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
bugs" RAYMOND SETTLED A GAME QUICKLY

i've seen many close game settled
quickly and decisively." said John j.
McGraw In an interview but poor
old Bugs Raymond settled one for US
once about as quickly and decisively as
anyone would want To see a thing done.
We were playing rittsburg The Wag-
ner crowd had got off with a lead and
we had gradually crowded up on them
until in the sixth we had tied the
score. 1t was warm game. all right.
Both of us wanted 1t and wanted il
bad. In ths seventh and eighth we
had to fight for our lives to keep 'em
from scoring. 1t looked as if they
were getting to Matty and I decide
to do something to stand off the dss-
perate rally they would make In their
half Of the ninth ] told Bugs TO so
out in the right field corner and warm
up. You know poor old Bugs really
had more stuff on the ball then any
pitcher that ever lived. He'd been do
Ing flrst rate for us. BOOKKEEPING al
most as steady as anyone. / figured
that the Pittsburgs wouldn't even be-
gin to find him in their half OF the
ninth.
I'VE didn't score In our half Of the
ninth sent Matty to the clubhouse
and sent in Bugs. The first ball pitch
ed was a fast one over the outside COR
bSF Vi Tue Pifftc i itAfned aIltTW8FIS
that ii got there entirely by accident
The Pittsburg batter-+I forget who he
was-just tapped II and sent II on an
easy bound right into Bugs nit. Ii
was the easiest assist in the world.
Bugs whirled and threw the ball as
IL he were trying to cut off home
run from deep center. The ball went
so far over the first baseman's head
that ii hit the grandstand on the fly
Before we chased IL down and got II
back In the game the Pittshusg batter
was on third. Then Wagner came to
bat The first ball Bugs pitched struck
the ground eight feet behind Wagner
back. 1t was about six wild pitches
all wrapped UP in one. The man on
third simply walked in with the win
ming run and the game was over.
after the game / did little in
vestigating. Here's what Bugs did
when | sent him out to warm up. He
took a ball. went out through the
gate In full uniform, walked TO
saloon a block away. sold the bali for
fifty cents, bought whiskey with the
money. drank every drop of it and
came back TO walt for me to send
him In to pitch. He admitted to me
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

Julian Eltinge 10 shortly to appear
In Miss Swift of New New York.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

Whose method and Prescription
Glasses have brought Joy and happi-
ness 10 nun1osrje1 homes In this
vicinity desires X oEpRUaDly under
stood that hts chArGcs are w1e1rtn the
reach OF all. His sax1n and reliability
ie unQuest1orRbIe-
Ii you have blurrinK, dizziness, neu-
ratEia, headache. spots before the eyes,
w1nkfrg, trembling spelis, r0taract.
burning and smartfng OF the eyes
various nervous and brain affections.
ertailing not only positive injury to
the sight, hut untold misery, call i'm
mediately.
He is now receiving at his rcuyns
1oo~Io1-1o2, Murphy's Hotel An mex. at
Eighth and Broad streets Eighth
street entrance: take elevator--con-
sulta&tons free between the hours of
10 A. Nj. and q +. M.---Advt.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

Nanette Comstock In presenting 4
piaylet called The Tie That Binds
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
S!iakcsnearean PLAYS.

The famous Stra.sord -on-Avon
players. including such world wide
known artists as F, r. Benson. f.
Randle Aryton. William Calvert,
Murray Darlington, Harry Game.
Frank Cochrane, Rupert l.. Conrick.
Derby Foster. Basil Rathbone, Charles
Warhurton. Edward Warhurton, Miss
Dorothy Green. Miss Ethel Mcdowell,
Miss Marion Foreman. Miss Rosa
Burgess and many others. some fifty
in all. with a splendid scenic equip
ment painted by Hemsley, of London,
the foremost scenic artist OF England.
gorgeous and historically correct cos
tunes and armor will come to the
Academy February 18th, 13th and
14th.
This is the foremost Shakespearean
organization of England. and they
will present here February 12th--King
Richard III. February 18th-The
Merry Wives of Windsor February
14th tmatinee) king Henry v;
night--The Merchant of Venice.
The fame of the Stratford players
in England rests on the most sub
stantial of all dramatic foundations.
With them IT is not the star of the
company upon whom attention Is
focussed nor is it the scenery or the
reading of the lines, the historical ac-
curacy of the properties, or any other
element of their productions. With
them the plays the thing" This
company has the most extensive
repertory of any organization. either
past or present. OF the thirty-six
plays of Shakespeare 1t has presented
thirty four. ali of the great dramat-
lists work with the exception of AIRS
Well That Ends Well and Titus
Andronicus."
II seems assured that the enthusiasm
for these performances at the
Academy Will be greater than any
that has been aroused by Shakes
pearean company In this city. For
the fame of these players ability to
give Shakespeares plays with un-
matched power and spirit has spread
beyond the borders of Great Britain.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
Clubs

Brooklyn Big Loser.
As will he seen, Brooklyn Was the
heaviest loser. twenty-five players de-
aerting its team. In 1901 Il lost eight
men. Including such starr n Joe Nc
f;innity, Lave Cross and F1eIdcr~J ones.
Dave FnHz. the present head of the
Baseball Players fraternity. Was re-
called from Milwaukee. but ignored
the cry and jumped to the Phi4ndes-
phsa American league team. John
Anderson was recalled from the .eagne
team, but concluded to remain with
Milwaukee. after Hugh Duffy, who
had Jumped from Boston. took charge
of the Brewers Morris Steeamon who
caught a few games, was loaned TO
Hartford In May. and Jumped 20 Phil
sdelpFia in August
In 1902 there was another exodus
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
lie =W7ERIAN0# WoRTD7s BIGGEST TINFR--

inner funnel and an outer tube which
serves for coolin gofY. In the accom-
panying illustration one OF the QUEER
funnela Is shown being slipped over
the inner tube. The most powerful
derrick ever CONSTRUCTED 10 required to
handle thAse enormous cylinders The
vateriand measures $50 feet in length.
100 fcet4n width and is Of 5000 tons
burden. She will eail on her maiden
trip to New York early Ia the Spring.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

The liner Vaterland, of the Ham
burg American line, which is now the
largest ship IN the world, SURPRISING
her sister ship imperator in every
dimension. is rapidly nearing compile
ton, Some idea of her enormous size
may he gained from her three great
tunnels recently placed position.
which rise to a height OF 146 feet
above the water The stacks, which
are sixty-two feet in height. are oval
In shape. measuring 70 BY 30 feet.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25
ACADEMY
Yiddish PLAYERS.

The genius produced by that
strange world called the Ghetto has
long attracted wide attention. One of
the most remarkable institutions Of
the large Jewish colonies of the
country Is the Jewish theater, The
powerful native attractions and the
fine playing of the Yiddish artists has
more than surprised visiting Ameri-
cans. who We're moved TO admiration
though they could not understand one
word of the Yiddish play. The the
atergoers of this city will soon be af-
forded the treat Of the season in the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

appearance in this city tomorrow
night at the Academy of the greatest
and most popular actress of the Jew
ish stage, Nine. Bessie Thomashefsky,
who will be seen with her entire COM
pany from the Hub theater, Boston,
Mass. She will be seen in her best
PLAYS.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

afterwards thatwnen no wegfk Nut0 the
box he had to stand and study thu
scenery a while before he could l0-
cate the home plate
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-01-25

Orville Harold, the famous tenor,
Is to join the Century Opera company.
under the direction of the Aborns.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05
TEACHERS EXAMINATIONS.

Notice is hereby given that the
County Superintendent of Umatilla
County, oregon, will hold the regular
examination of applicants for State
Certificates at the Court House, Pen
dleton, as follows:
Commencing Wednesday, December
16, 1914, at 3 o'clock a m. and con-
tlnuing until Saturday, December 10
1914, at 4 o'clock p. m.
Wednesday Forenoon.
Writing, p. S. History, Physiology.
Wednesday Afternoon.
Physical Geography, Reading. Com
position, Methods in Reading, Meth
ods In Arithmetic.
Thursday Forenoon.
Arithmetic. History Of Education,
Psychology, Methods in Geography,
Thursday Afternoon.
Grammar, Geography, American
Literature. Physics, Methods in Ian
guage, Thesis for Primary Certificate
Friday Forenoon.
Theory and Practice, orthography
English Literature, Chemistry.
Friday Afternoon.
School law, Geology, Algebra, Civil
Government.
saturday Forenoon.
Geometry, Botany.
Saturday Afternoon.
General History, Bookkeeping.
I. E. YOUNG,
County Superintendent.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05
PERSONAL MENTION

| William Ruthers OF Helix came II
on the morning ". p. train.
NJ. L. Morrison, Helix merchant "a
Saturday visitor in the city.
Charles NJ. Barr OF Pasco. came
over this morning to transact bust
ness.
A. Buckley, assistant superintend-
ent OF the o.-W Il. & n, was here
yesterday
A. A. Cole, Pilot Rock sheepman,
was attending the wool growers con.
yention here.
Nat Kimball, who has been work
ing in Portland recently, arrived
home yesterday morning.
Charles Campbell OF Hermiston,
spent yesterday afternoon in Pendle-
ton en- route home from La Grande.
Charles A. Frazier OF Colfax,
brother Of l. G. Frazier Of this city.
was here Thursday evening en- route
home from Portland.
Fred Jud and E. w. McComas
returned yesterday from Portland
where they had been 10 look over the
1915 Cadillac. Mr. Judd left his
moustache in the metropolis.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05
ENTERPRISE MAN ELECTED.
CONTINUED from page one.)

Continued from page one.)
commended for the improvement in
their service during the past year but
were asked for additional facilities in
the way of assisting the sheepman
to ship his stock with the least incon-
venience and expense. The O.-W. r.
& n. Co.. was condemned for clos
ing the wallula Gateway, the act be-
ing characterized as inimical to the
sheep industry of the northwest The
railroad companies were asked to
withhold from sale at this time any
of their non agricultural lands
Commend Forestry Officials.
Contrasting with the attitude of the
sheepmen few years ago, the con-
vention yesterday extended a vote OF
commendation to the forestry Off
cials and pledged itself to work in
harmony with them. The northwest
bureau OF animal industry and the
state livestock sanitary board were
both commended for the valuable as
sistance to the sheepmeu and Or. X,
Il. Pinkerton, northwest chief OF the
bureau of animal industry, and DR..
w. II. Lytle. state veterinarian. were
strongly endorsed as efficient ser
wants who are always ready to aid
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05

A. Hartman, Thos. Thompson. F. W
Waite, Chas Ferguson, r. w. Henne-
man, G. W. Phelps, f. ]. Quinlan, J.
p. Winter, D. b. Bailey, Give S.
Cheshire
The standing committees are as fol
lows:
Relief. d. Idleman, L. L. Rog-
ers, L. ~ Johnson
Trustees-L. G. Frazier, G. W.
Phelps, r. w. Ritner.
House committee--L G. Frazier
]. r. Raley, r. w. Ritner, Thos
Fitz Gerald, G. w. Phelps.
The ushers tomorrow will be ].
Sullivan, d. b. Hill, Cecil Cole and
Gunner Peterson.
The following is the program as it
will be given:
Overture
(a) Funeral March ...... Chopin
(b) Overture Martha =. Flotom
United Orchestra of Pendleton.
Solo-"Just for Today" Abbott
Miss Eula CRANBERRY.
Opening Ritualistic Exercises -.
Pendleton Lodge 2SS, B. p. o. E.
Roll Call of "our Absent Brothers"
.............. Secretary of Lodge
Violin Solo-"Souvenir" ..... .Ardle
Mr.. B. A. Mcdonald.
Opening ode-Air "Auld Lang Syne''
Audience requested to join.
Prayer .... Chaplain Of Lodge
81 nct tv.
................. Mendelssohn
Miss Eula CRANBERRY,
Memorial Address ....,..........
Brother Francis Galloway. The
Dalles Lodge No. 500.
Closing Ritualistic Exercises .....
....,..,.,.......B BY the Lodge
Solo-"The Lord Is My Shepherd"
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. kiddle
Miss Eula CRANBERRY.
Doxology-Audlence to rise and sing
Benediction .,.. Rev Chas Quinney
overture-"war Maych of Priests"
Mendelssohn
United Orchestra of Pendleton.
Mrs ]. r. Dickson and Mrs. Lulu
Day will be the accompanies.
The officers of the lodge who will
have the services in charge are as
follows:
]. V. Tallman, exalted ruler; Roy
f. Alexander, esteemed leading
knight: Lee d. Drake, esteemed loyal
knight; John Mumm, esteemed lee
turing knight Thos. Fitg Gerald, sec.
retary; Fred w. Lampkin. treasurer;
Jack II. Gibson, esquire; l.. C. Camp
bell. inner guard; Charles c. Vinier
chaplain; Thomas Smart, tyler
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05
LOCAL HIGH GIRLS DEFEAT
WAITSDUHG TEAM rs TO 20
CLOSELY CONTESTED CAtfR.
WITNESSED LAST EVEN
ING At H. :. GYM

Last night the high school girls sue
ceeded IA taking the victory from tho
| Waasi urL gjris by the score Of 25-2c.
IN tl,e iivellest basketball game that
! has teen played in tho local sym for
a rumber of seasons
IN ne first half the score ran az
ternuic. first IN Pen6leton's favor.
.hen IN favor OF waitsbLrg. bat ended
v IN Tsrdleton IN the la1I. IN no
seeonG half .he local girls boinied
ahead b., ten points AM remained IN
,ha' pcsii On until the lasr part N Tho
ralf when Waltsburg succeeded In
bringing their score within five OF tho
locals. The game ende with the scor0
25. 30 In favor OF Pendleton. Through
ont the game Alta Mentzer succeedtd
IN making sixteen points and In Voll0
Rngg made nine. Vera Temple and
Craze Rugg substituted for Ida Ar
certon and Lois Hampton In the l1st
hais The waitsburg gir,s plave6
haid and put up a go)d sSins, hut
were moved to acknowledge tho su-
perlority OF the teamwork and train-
ing OF the local girls
vas played before each half OF tho
Pendleton and Waitsburg game. was
an interesting feature OF the even
ing Some OF the best talent in tho
school was represented in both teams.
The unlors ended the first half with
the score 14-7 in their favor and In
the last half succeeded in running
their score up to %. The seniors
raised theirs TO ~ and the game end
ed as-1z in favor Of the juniors West
Mlmms stared for the Juniors ana
Charles Russell for the seniors.
The lineups for the two games wero
as follows:
Waitsburg-Emma scherer and Ell
ma Thompson. forwards: Ruth Col-
burn. jumping center; Ruby Ward.
center; Cluphane Gulliford and Esth-
er scholl. guards: Ida Wells acted as
sub and Miss Smell as coach.
Pendleton-Ida Anderson. jumping
center: Claire Mcdonald, side center;
La veIle Rugg and Alta Mentzer. for
wards; Lois Hampton and Vivian Ca
sey. guards. The subs were Grace
Rugg, Vera Temple and venita Besa.
w X Livingston was the local coach.
seniors-Charles Russell. center:
Leland Mentzer and Harold Brock.
forwards: Allen Simpson and Ivan
Mason guards, with Earnest crockatt
for sub.
Juniors-Wesley Mimms. centers
Fred Peters and New Fowler. for
wards; Paul Kerrick and Charles Cor
don. guards.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05

the flockmaster The association also
recommended that, inasmuch as the
present state livestock sanitary board
has served efficiently and at an ex-
pense OF only $500 for is months. it
be retained as 1t is.
Want Wool standard.
One Of the resolutions passed ask
ed the department OF agriculture TO
establish a wool standard just as IL
now has cotton standard inasmuch
as there are number Of grades OF
wool Antoher resolution incorporat-
ed call for a meeting at the Oregon
Agricultural Cllege for February 2.
1915, for the purpose of discussing
methods of marketing wool. Anoth-
er extended vote of thanks to PEN
dleton for the hospitality shown the
delegates and finally there was a
general resolution urging state and
national legislators and the public at
large to show by voice and vote a
more favorable attitude toward busi-
ness and industry.
The report of the financial COM
mittee showed a deficit of $500 and
a roll call subscription resulted in the
collection of over $1,000. The contrl.
buttons ranged from SIS $3.50. An
assessment of one dollar upon every
thousand sheep sheared in 1918 was
levied to provide funds for the next
year Secretary Hoke was reimburs-
ed for the money he advanced dur
ing the year with twenty per cent in
terest.
An amendment to the constitution
was adopted to permit bankers and
merchants interested in the sheen in
dustry to become members of the as
sociation and the executive committee
was instructed to extend an invitation
to such as they should determine up
on.
Aside from Congressman Sinnott
the principal speaker yesterday aft
ernoon was F. A. Clark OF Enterprise
who urged the necessity OF maintain.
ing a strong working organization. He
also paid a strong tribute to DR.. s.
w. Mcclure. secretary OF the national
association and editor OF the Nation.
al Wool Grower, IF the Oregon
woolgrowers have done no other
thing than to send DR. Mcclure 70
his present position, their organiza-
ton has been worth all OF the mon
ey and all Of the effort expended. he
said.
Just before the meeting adjourned.
Mr.. Sparling. an English horse buyer.
presented some statistics showing the
cost OF the sheep industry in this
state. the amounts paid the railroads.
the taxes paid, the capital involved
and other figures that were a reyela
ton to many.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-12-05
Notice 10 Flks.

All members OF Pendleton Lodge
No. 2Ss. b. p. o. Elks, are requested
to be at the lodge he / Sunday after
noon, December 9Th, at 2:30 o'clock.
sharp, in order TO attend the Elks'
memorial services in a body. The
exercises will be held in the Alta the
ater, commencing at 500 o'clock and
the public is cordially invited.
]. V. TALLMAN, E. r.
THoS. FITZ GERALD, Sec. (Adv)