davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
A REASONABLE RETURN TO
CARRIERS FOR SERVICE GIVEN
(FrOm the KerneI.)

What is the answer of the Inter-
state Commerce Commission TO the
renewed appeal of the eastern rail
roads for privilege Of making a gen
oral increase in rates? This ques-
ton is probably uppermost in the
minds Of the people from one end
of the nation TO the other. The war
and its effects have in three months
advanced the financial education of
the people probably more than II
would have progressed in "A decade
under normal conditions. The peO-
pie now reulize and recognize the
need for and legitimate uses of stock
exchanges and commodity exchanges
as they never have before. In like
degree the public appreciation Of
demagogues who seek by attacks on
business TO develop political capital
among the ignorant has lcssened.
Has the business view OF the Inter
state Commerce Commission as a
body been broadened by the predica-
ment into which business has been
thrown by the effects OF the European
war?
In a decision Of the eastern rate
case on July 20, the commission
found that the net operating income
of the carriers in Official classified
ton territory, considered as a whole
is smaller than demanded in the
public interest. but that no showing
had been made warranting a general
increase In trunk line rates, in rail
and lake rates. or in rates on traffic
moving between the different rate
territories: II granted five per cent
increase in class and commodity
rates within the territory Of The
Central Freight Association: II sug
gested TO all carriers involved meth
ods by which net income might b'
increased without a general rate in
crease. Explaining its failure tC
grant the increase in rates asked
though II found the railroad income
10 be inadequate, the commission
said that the law "casts upon thu
carriers the burden Of proof, re
quiring them affirmatively TO show
the reasonabieness of increased
rates" and that 'the law did not con
fer upon us the power of aiding gen
eral prosperity or of introducing new
economic policies through railroa;
rates"
These things are true but II Il
also true that the Interstate Com
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
NEW BALLOT LAW WORKED WELL.

n the current discussion of the recent election in
this State important fact to be lost sight
of by those In the discussion That is that
the election held under new ballot law that was
passed by the Legislature in 1918. The fundamental
features Of that law recommended to the Legis-
ature by State Chairman Edmund Mitchell and his as
sociates in the Republicai state Committee Their bill
was not acceptable in its entirety to the Democratic
House and compromise bin agreed to and passed.
The wisdom underlying this important piece of lA---
aon proposed and fostered by the Republican organ
cation clearly apparent in the recent election
That momensous political battle was featured by fewer
contests than featured previous elections In fact
in the entire there only one contest because
of the ballots, and that in Sussex county. In
many Of the districts there also fewer rejected
ballots condition most gratifying to candidates vo-
ers and party leaders.
We congratulate Chairman Mitchell and his asso-
caes upon having produced by their foresight such
gratifying electoral conditions in all parts of the state
The new law worked out they predicted 1t would
and those Who in 1913. skeptcai about it, now
admit frankly that they mistaken and that II has
proved to be the most beneficial pieces OF po-
liticai legislation passed in recent years.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

The triple-plated audaoity which
Danton remarked was the prerequi-
site of victory IN tho French Revolu-
ton. was chicken-hearted in COM
parison with the audacity which the
members Of the Interstate Commerce
Commission are displaying in their
attack upon the problem Of railroad
rate regulation. The 80 railroad
systems, humbly petitioning for the
privilege of earning enough money 10
pay expenses. represent an invest
ment Of S6,500 900 900 and their total
annual freight receipts are $1,000
600, 900. These sums are so large
that no human mind can comprehend
them. Tho methods of operation OF
this vast system OF highways have
developed slowly out of a multitude
OF mistakes. Those in charge Of
the details have acquired them after
years of patient study in close con-
tact with the actual facts. They
are not theorists; they are not philos-
ophers who think that the railroad
situation is out of joint and rejoice
at the opportunity which fate may
have put in their hands TO set ii
right They arc practical men whose
business life depends on their aDihty
TO run the railroads scientifically at
a profit.
The Interstate Commerce Commits
sion. however, made UP Of seven men
without practical railroad experience
is undertaking to control the detail
operation of the great railroad sys'
TENS and dictate in what way the
income shall be earned on ar
amount Of invested capital more thar
six and a half times the size OF thu
national debt. There has been n'
sublimer spectacle of bold assumption
in the history Of the country.
The commission admits that th'
railroads should have greater rev
enue. as Mr.. Brandeis. its spokesman
announced in this city on Thursda,
night. but insists on deciding hov
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

the Federal Reserve Board mere
auxiliary apparatus.
The board expects the retirement
of emergency currency, which Mr.
McAdoo has always seemed to re-
gard as a magical instrument for
promoting prosperity. II issues q
most emphatic warning against the
dangers which inhere in making Gre
dit facilities too cheaply available,
and points out that the immense
uncertainties of the war abroad call
for the exercise of the strictest pru-
dence compatible with the prevention
of unnecessary monetary stringency
wherever abnormal conditions have
created unmistakable exigency.
However. as these regulations have
been promulgated by the whole
board. they must represent the sub
scription of even the Treasury mem
bers. Therefore the auspices under
which the Federal reserve banks are
to open for business cannot fail 10
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
With The Paragraphers


II is no longer Darkest Russia" but "Dryest Rus
sia.'-New York Evening Mail
Russian culture as demonstrated she firing h.s
seems TO be getting the best of German culture just at
present-New York World.
sixty thousand hunters licenses have been issued
ly tho state OF New Jersey. That's legalized
enough to exterminate the mosquito we'll the
English sparrow in a single season.-Norfok Virgin
ian Pilot
II Covcrnor-cect Brumbaugh should not TO
make the appointments which he is authorized by
law to make and for which he will be responsible.
there are plenty who would be glad TO take the Job
of his hands.-Phadelpha Press.
The German cruiser Emden took extraordinary risks
the day declared and her audacites have been
followed with lreatless interest Britannia DID not
rule the waves WI ere she operated although the
being secured for her destruction by many ships
powerful enough TO blow her out of the Naval
annals have known the like OF the Emden. Her
fame Is secure.-New York Sun.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

merce Commission possesses abso-
lutely arbitrary power to accept an
unsOund and foolish argument
against rate increase and to reject
a logical argument in favor OF If.
The commission. il it is absolutely
wrong in its decision. does not even
have TO apologize for its error. One
OF the first principles of law is thar
laws must be reasonably construed.
Framers of the law did not speciilc-
ally charge the Interstate Commerce
Commission with promotion OF gen.
eral prosperity. but every citizen Of
the United States, man, woman or
child, every public official executive,
legislative or judiciary, Is b. all
rules Of common sense morally
obligated to do that which lies within
his power 10 aid and preserve the
prosperity Of this country. The In
torstate Commerce Commission mas
found the income Of the eastern rail-
roads 10 be smaller than the public
interest demands Being the only
authority 10 which the railroads can
appeal for higher compensation why
should II not grant such rates as the
public interest demands
As to methods by which the rail-
roads may increase their net income
other than by a general rate in
crease" suggested in the decision oi
July 80 the railroads proceeded
with all possible dispatch, doing all
that brains and flesh and blood. pen
and ink and printing presses could
do. 10 take advantage OF them. Ons
large system added 30 new clerks
and working nights and Sundays re.
/ quired over 80 days 10 revise ana
reprlnt its tariffs II was found that
owing to the Supreme Court decision
Z IN the tap line case many OF the
/ Interstate Commerce Commission
suggestions with reference to IN
creasing revenues by charging fol
what It conceived TO be free service
wrongfully granted could not be car
ried out and other constituted au
thorities such as state laws so con
fiicted as to prevent railroads IRON
getting the benefits suggested. A
the very outside, II appears. consid
erably less than one-fifth Of the re
lief originally prayed for, and II
some instances not more than one
tenth OF such relief, can be got b.
the trunk lines from following I'M
suggestions of the commission.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
A PROSPECTUS OF UNITED
STATES BUSINESS RECOVERY
tFrom The New York sun.l

festation OF independence from the
ideas which have been controlling the
Treasury administration.
The regulations deal chiefly with
the process of rediscounting COM
mercial paper at the Federal reserve
banks. Every EFFORT is made to
construe the statutes in such a way
as 10 accomplish the transfer from
the old TO the new banking system
with a minimum of disturbance. and
for that reason the board proposes
temporarily to make rediscounting a
little easier and the scrutiny of pa-
per a little less rigid than will Ill
tim0tely be the case. Moreover, the
definition of paper. eligible for redis-
count Is now made very broad, but
IL is evident all through that the
future policy of the Federal Reserve
Board will be to insure an increas-
ingly high quality of commercial pa
per circulating in the country's bank
ing channels.
What has been called commercial
paper in the United States would not
be recognized as such in any country
whose banking and currency system
was scientifically based in sound
principle Financial reformation
here is bound TO go 10 the eventual
length OF transforming American
/ commercial paper from mere pro-
missory notes. issued on a general
/ statement of the borrowers condi-
tion. TO real commercial bills cover
ing stages Of the exchange of goods
and commodities and bearing their
own evidence of the fact.
The assets of the new banks are
/ to be quick and liquid. AS the pa
per rediscounted is TO be part of the
cover for the Federal reserve bank
notes which will ultimately form the
bulk OF the country's currency. ii Is
/ Interesting 70 compare the Federal
Reserve Boards rulings with tho no
7 t.ons whicn inc Treasury has incul.
I Gated in its discussions Of emor-
Z sncy circulation. In this As IN
| other respects the Treasury Depart
meni has not succeeded in making
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

Today the twelve Federal reserve
banks will open for business. II is
Impossible now to tell what this
means in the way OF relief from the
strains thrown on. the worlds
economic structure by the catastro-
phic war abroad. but The Sun IS
satisfied that the new financial facili-
ties will make an immense contribu-
tion OF assistance TO the recovery
and progress of American enterprise
under the circumstances of war and
aftcrward.
We are all the more persuaded Of
this by the general regulations which
the Federal Reserve Board has pro-
mulgated for tho guidance of the
reserve banks in the operations which
they arc about 10 undertake. They
constitute the first rules of any con-
sequence dealing with the actual
business Of the new banking system,
and the practical Interpretation Civ
en- TO the Federal reserve law shows
that wisdom and experience are GO
ing to govern in reserve bank al
fairs.
There is nowhere in the regula-
tiOnS IN question trace OF tnt pOi-
teal prejudices and suspicious which
impaired taint to the Federal re-
serve act itself. The whole docu-
ment IS utterly sound and broad
gauged in It's view OF the financial
field and the functions OF the new
banking machinery and adds to the
growing reasons for confidence in
the country's ability 20 Withstand
the stresses Of the European conflict
After all the winds of financial de-
lusion which have been blown from
washington lately. especially from
the Treasury Department the Fed
eral Reserve Boards regulations
come as q refreshing breeze OF san
ity. This aspect of the rulings is
worth commenting upon. for thes
arc remarkable. considering the eN.
tent 10 which Treasury influences
might have hccn expected TO domia
atc tho hoard. Tho banking an,
business community cannot fail b,
be vastly encouraged by the mani
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

person who has procured license to hunt or respass
lands, and also agree this is TO certify that
club Of farmers have banded together 10 defeat
the present game law.
That notice carries with it the names Of ninety
farmers
In other words 255 tracts of land in county are
closed to under those two notices. How many
other tracts closed by other notices published In
other papers and posted lands is impossible to
say. II must be admitted, though that the licensed
hunter In Delaware Is finding It Increasingly difficult
exercise the privileges conferred by his license,
subject to the permission OF landowners and tenants.
The natural result of all will be that In short time
Delaware farmers will sell hunting privileges 10 gun
ners who willing 10 pay for them and that all other
gunners viii be kept OFF such game preserves
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
AUDAClOUS BLUNDER.NG OF INTER.
STATE COMMERCE COMMISSION
From the Philadelphia Public Lcdgcr.)

that revenue shall be earned. II has
forced the railroads asking for an
increase to submit reports of their
operation for the past 10 years, 20
that these seven railroad amateurs
can decide whether the professional
railroad men have run the roads
properly, so that these theorists may
demonstrate to them where they have
made mistakes and how they can
economize The situation Is intoler-
able.
Men with money will not invest in
semi-private enterprise under the
control OF public officials who cannot
be held responsible for failure 10
earn dividends, and the railroads will
60 into bankruptcy II they do moi
soon get capital for improvements
II the commission refuses to permit
an adequate rate increase the COM
missioners will not suffer, and there
will be many demagogues who VIII
commend them for giving II to the
transportation millionaires."
This statement is not intended tc
| imply that the commission has moi
served a useful purpose, or that /
has not cured many abuses. II does
mean that the present commission
under grant OF power from Con
gress. is assuming to exercise a de
tailed authority over the railroads
which the members of the first com
mission thought too great for an,
body OF men to assume. not becaus'
the regulation OF the railroads wal
undesirable, but because human
ability was limited and some prob
lens we're too stupendous for an.
small group Of men to attempt q
solve. No one questions the motive
of the commissioners. They NJ
doubt mean we'll, but they are Il
grave danger Of becoming member
of that class OF social wrongdoers
the audacious blunderers, and tn
business health of the country is tn
victim.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

enhance the optimistic regard N
which they have been held. Iney
constitute solid reasons for conn-
dence in the prospect OF business re-
covery. which are re-enforced uy
other current facts of great moment;
An important part OF the financial l.,
and commercial machinery resumes
work today with the reopenlng OF ths
cotton exchanges Foreign eNchanse
is all but generally in favor oi INC
United states, and the problem d
American debt abroad is no longai ls',
4 cause of grave concern. the coun-
trv's EXPORT trade seems to be III tne
ipcipjent stages of boom. The re-
cent elections advertised the ap-
proach Of real freedom for business ,ss.ss
and the securities market has peen
rapidly regaining so much strensai q,
as 10 suggest that the reopening OF
the stock exchanges may not be re-
mole.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17

She wants no talk Of peace until
she has next year a million and a
half men on the continent and Ger
many pushed back within her own
borders.
Then when Germany in 1915 or
1916 is ready to give up her military
machine, her ambition for overseas
conquest, and return to the peaceful
pursuits Of civilization. England
with her allies will count up the
cost the damage to Belgium, ETC.,
and endeavor to find true solution
of the problem of permanent peace
for Europe.
II is, however. realized that before
that time Great Britain must steadily
draw upon every part Of the British
empire FOR contributions from those
eiant resources which Tho world lit
tic realized before the outbreak NJ
this war. the empire possessed in
such unanimity.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
EN- GL Nm.
Wall Street ,Ionrnal

From the Wall Street journal.
The American inquiry is; How does
England now know what is slipping
in? The Englishman knows that the
channel is mined and that every ship
must call at Dover or take the risk
of being blown up by the mines. Thus
England has tabs and checks ON
every commercial movement.
Her warships and her communica-
tiOns, over and under water. belt the
entire globe and are in action as
never before. She has M fear OF
Zeppelins. though she expects some
damage from them. She has no fear
of Germany's big guns or massed
troops. though she counts the heavy
damage she must sustain from them
She knows that the issue IS drawn
between German military "culturc'
and English civilization and she has
no doubt Of tho result.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
GEMS OF THOUGHT

sickness seizes the body from bad ventilation
Orvid
.-.-.-:
Who falls for love OF God shall rise a star-Ben
Jonson.
.-.-s-.
For ago is opportunity less than youth ITSELF
Lcngfellow
Ncbody makes entry OF his good deeds in his
dGy-book.-Seneca.
-.-.-
My greatest is that have been the author Of
three in which thousands of lives lost
Prince Bismarck
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
HOLIDAY SUSPENSION NOT POSSIBLE.

WY are in receipt of the following letter with re-
w spect to the Ten-Hour law passed by the Lesls-
lature In 1919
To the Editor Of THE EVENING JOURNAL;
Sir-I am a working man. and one who likes 10 DO az
least a norton of his holiday shopping Under tho
enIIour Law find that Il is impossible for me 10 DO
II except by losing time That, quite naturally DO
not like to do Isn't It possible for the Governor the
Mayor city Council some one else in authority 70
uspend the operations of that law for two or tnree
weeks before Christmas that men and women SIT
uated as ! am may have convenient shopping oppor-
tunitiesY II really to me that the law never
shonld have been made apply to the holiday season.
as A seriously handicaps not only many shoppers out
also many merchants, who experience dlthculty IN
handling their holiday trade under the legai resrle
tIons 10 which they are subject Please advise me TO
whom should appeal for a suspension OF the law
Yours truly
WOULD-BE SHOPPER.
Wilmington. Del, Nov. 16 1914.
No State county or city official has power to sus-
pend the law We wish TO advise our correspondent
that the only channel relief such he seeks is the
LEGISLATURE 1t will not meet until January or too late
to affect the approaching holiday season If he wishes
TO have the law liberalized by amendment he must
carry his appeal to the Legislature and subsequently
to Governor Miller event OF favorable action by the
Senate and House.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
TO HIeM soMOOL STUDENTS.

wy E congratulate the members of the Wilmington
w High school team upon the splendid victory
they won Saturday afternoon over the Chester
High School team. To the student body congratua-
tons also due for the magnificent display OF High
school spirit that attended and followed the game
1t speaks we'll for our High school that it re-
crut such football squad and that the students are
so eager give to the grdiron organization such
thusiastic moral support Everything that be done
should be done by the faculty to encourage the High
School spirit that has displayed itself gratyngly
In the current football
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
RESERVE BANKS At WORK.

TWELVE Federal Reserve Banks we're opened IN the
i United States yesterday. It is estimated by
Comptroller Of the Currency Williams that the result
will be the releasing Of s46OOOOOOO in gold and legal
tenders and form the basis for approximate loan
expansion in this country Of s1OO00oOOOO. The new
reserve banks their authorized capital and the num-
Der of member banks in each follows:
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
CONGRESSMAN-ELECT,
THOS. W. MILLER.
the Harrington journal.

From the Harrington Journal.
Congratulations to Congressman
elect Thomas w. Miller. He was not
only successful. but he received more
votes than any of the other Republi-
can candidates on the ticket The
total OF votes for Mr. Miller was 22,-
922; Chas. J. Luff, Republican candi-
date for State Auditor. totalled 22,-
907 votes; while VIM. Swain, nominee
for State Treasurer. received 22.SO3
votes. curious editorial appeared
in the Morning News, issue Novem-
ber 9th, which processes TO be Re
publican paper. in which It was
stated that Mr.. Miller had fallen
very much behind MIR. Lufi, Repub-
lican candidate for Auditor of Ac-
counts In view of the fact that
this was untrue. the news of last
Saturdays issue blamed its mis-
statement on the unofficial returns
and stated: "As we have no desire
to misrepresent Mr.. Miller we cheer
fully withdraw the comment that was
founded upon wrong figures"
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
Spirit of the Delmarvia Press

service. that the time saved by per-
sons of the eastern section OF .he
county who have business vi lhe
western part of Sussex will be haii
what II now is.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
SERIOUS THING FOR FARMERS.

From the Dover Index.
The quarantine of upper Delaware
because of the presence of the foot
and mouth disease in cattle Is a
serious matter to Delaware farmers.
We don't know the extent of the
prohibition but il Delaware hogs and
poultry cannot be shipped farmers
are likely 10 feel the effect during
the next few months.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
CARRINGTON POLLED WELL.

From the Snow Hill People.
We are told that the voting was
light in Worcester at the last cleo
ton yet the highest per cent of vot-
ing was made in this county of any
section of the State. Senator Smith
polled S4 per cent of the Democratic
afhliation; this was equalled in only
two other counties. The Republican
percentage in Worcester was 107,
which casts another shadow over the
Smith victory Col Darlington Sc
cured a much greater percentage
of the votes Of his party than did
Senator Smith. and in only two
counties his percentage lower than
Smiths, while in many it exceeds the
Senator's by 25 per cent.
Evening journal., 1914-11-17
CHANGERS AND WILMINGTON.

From the Wilmington Labor Herald.
The National Grange. to which are
affiliated (according to reporO the
oranges of thirty states. is a power
ful organization for good. Here in
Delaware we have heard much of
our state grange and its many bran
ches. The members are as a rule
thinking agriculturists or Patrons
of Husbandry" Years and years
ago the farmer was looked upon as
merely tiller of the soil. Today he
is more. He is a thinker. He is a
reader. He is Q member of one Of
the grange branches where, together
with his fellow agriculturists, he
meets and discusses the modern
problems of farming, dairying, fruit
culture and the many divisions OF
up-to-date agriculture.
This being the case, Wilmington
should be proud of having the honor
of dispensing to the National Grang'
on the occasion of its convention
The bonds of fraternity should b.
closer between the city man and th'
farmer or modern agriculturist-an'
no doubt the present convention vii
prove binding link.