davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
CAPTURE OF LODI
MENACES WARSAW
Continued from Page One

Continued from Page One
Wielun, from which point the German
veterans who had come from Flanders
began their advance against the left
wing Of the main Russian forces. 1t has
been estimated that 100000 Germans were
operating on this front as far west as
Ralisz.
This latter movement is OF great I'M
portance. as the Germans. in posses
sion Of Piotrkow. would cut the railway
which chiefly supplies the Russian army
operating in front of Czenstochowa and
might force its retirement and also COM
Del the Czar's forces to give up their
attack on Cracow.
It Is said the Germans began this new
movement last Thursday Having failed
to pierce the Russian centre they have
now made a drive at both fanks.
LODI. ''the Manchester OF Poland, -
iying rs miles southwest OF Warsaw. has
been for the last two weeks the centre
Of the most furious lighting in the east
ern zone since the war began. Although
the city was occupied by the Germans
shortly after the outbreak of hostilitIes
Il has been In the hands Of the Russians
since the German retreat from before
Warsaw.
When the second German offensive was
halted two weeks ago, several German
corps were surrounded north OF Lodz,
but in a series of desperate bayonet bat
ties they broke through the Russian ring,
and then, reinforced. returned to the at
tack and reached the suburbs OF Lodz.
Lodz has grown in recent years from
an insigniicant place 20 be one OF the
most populous cities in the Russian Em-
pIre IN 1850 iL had 81 800 nhabitants.
but ia 1910 1t had a population OF 41560f,
and vas the second city OF Poland. With
this important place. situated on a rail
road leading direct to Warsaw, In their
possession as a base. It IS probable the
Germans vii be encouraged TO make re-
doubled efforts to reach the Polish eapi-
tai
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
FLEETS OF ALLIES
MASS FOR BLOW
AGAINST ENEMY
Forty Battleships Reported
Ready to Strike Probably
at Turks in Dardanelles,
Probably at Kiel.

LONDON. Dec. THE Central News
correspondent at Copenhagen says the
following dispatch has been received in
the Danish capital from Berlin
Forty British and French warships
are gathered outside Cname deleted by
censor). with the evident intention Of
forcing their way through. This, how
ever, win be impossible, as the forth
fcatlons have been greatly strengthened
and the water is thickly strewn with
mines"
This dispatch is taken to indicate a
plan either to force the Dardanelles or
to strike at the German fleet in tho Kiel
Canal.
The Turkish cruiser Hamldieh has
struck a mine and returned to Con-
atantlnople considerably damaged, ac-
cording to the Russian official news
aBency's Constantinople adviCes which
have reached London
The advisers say also that Russian
warships have sunk six Turkish sailing
vessels, which were carrying war sup
plies.
An order issued by the Admiralty
that the whole fishing feet in the
Firth of Forth, Scotland, cease opera
tions has been received with consterna-
tion by thousand fishermen who face
ruin.
The population also Is excited, as the
people believe prices will advance beyond
the reach OF the poor whose principal
food is FISH. The firth probably will be
closed to fishing until the end OF the
war
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
BIG NAVAL BATTLE
REPORTED FOUGHT
IN SOUTH ATLANTIC
Persistent Rumor Heard in
Montevideo - Germ a n
Supply Ship Said to Have
Been Sunk.

MoNTEvIDEo. Dec. 7,--Reports OF
most insistent character are current here
Of naval battle on the Uruguayan coast
between the Germans and the British
with possibly the Japanese aiding the lat
ter. While these rumors are given the
widest credence in commercial and other
conservative and we'll informed circles
there is no authoritative confirmation and
no authentic details
II is asserted that the German steam
ship Patagonia. which fitted out here with
supplies for Admiral Won Specs squadron
and left port on Thursday to provision
the German warships. was attacked by
the British cruiser Glasgow and sunk
Another report is that the German
auxiliary cruiser Kronprinz Wilhelm over
took 6 French steamship, and after TAX
ing the crew off her sent her TO the bot
tom of the ocean.
This would Indicate that the Kronprins
Wilhelm, which has been destroying Brit
ish and French commerce in the At
lantic, had Joined Admiral Won Specs
squadron in preparation for the great
naval engagement which authorities be-
lleve has been or will be fought In these
waters.
Dispatches recently indicated that the
battle cruiser Won der Tam has Joined
the German squadron, which has made
It's way from the Pacific, and that the
Invincible has Joined the British squad
ron that has been seeking the Germans
to avenge the sinking of the Good Hope,
with Rear Admiral Sir Christopher Cra-
dock on board and the Monmouth, of
the Chllian coast, on November l.
Official advices OF naval battle are
awaited here momentarily and with great
anxiety. British and French shipping
still Is remaining close In the South
American ports.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
WAR MOVES SHOW FRENCH
OFFENSIVE TO GAIN ALSACE
New Methods Characterize Fresh Drive Into olcn Prov
ince" and That Against Metz-Blunders of August
Campaign Won't Be Repeated, Says Expert
By j. w. t. MASON

NEW YORK Dec. f.-The French are
/ trying to develop new offensives In AL
| SAGE and Lorraine. General Joffre has
/ returned from a personal inspection OF
southern Alsace, where he made reassur-
| Ing speeches to the Inhabitants, suggest
ing a French advance; at the same time
| there are recurring references In the
| Paris official bulletins to movement on
| Metz, in Lorraine.
simultaneously with the tentative de-
velopment OF these new ofensives the
official French military journal, the
Bulletin des Armees. explains that the
higher commands, renewed because or
necessary dismissais, have not committed
any of these errors during the last three
months which were observed ana pun
ished In August" The mistakes thus
openly acknowledged by the French
Government, OF course, are not publicly
known. But II is we'll understood that
the most serious of them occurred dur
ing the first impetuous effort in August
to carry the offensive into Alsace and
Lorraine.
At Muelhausen, in southern Alsace a
mysterious blunder by the French COM
mander led large numbers OF the In
vaders into the first known trap OF the
war. Details are concealed by the Gov
ernment, but It is believed faulty recon-
nalssance caused the French to march
blindly over a German mine field, Which
About the same time, further north, In
Lorraine, tho Marseilles army corps be-
came panic-strlcken at q critical moment
during the Saarburg operations. bring
ing the Lorraine offensive to nasty and
inglorious end,
Assurances that the incompetent gem
erals responsible for those misfortunes
have been dismissed are reinsurance
to the French nation that hasty enthu-
siasms will not again serve for serious
military campaigning. Last August the
French generals were carried away by
sentiment when they crossed with their
armies into the lost provinces. Their
Judgment was blinded and they went
ahead too quickly, The lessons OF the
disasters that were thus invited have
been learned. Since then caution has
been the prime Characteristic OF French
leadership.
In the present Alsace and Lorraine of
fensives the new methods are very eVi-
dent. There has been persistent ad-
vance on Metz for a number OF weeks
but the progress has been at snairs
pace. The outer defenses of the prin-
cipal Lorraine stronghold are now COM
ing within range of the French guns.
Nevertheless, the policy of caution Is
obviously restraining the French from
blunderins into impetuous operations
which the name of Metz would have
caused last August.
Similarly. in Upper Csouthern) Alsace
General Joffre's assurance to the pro-
French population that they need feel
no alarm about the Germans has a diff
ferent ring to what 1t would have meant
in August. Four months ago 1t would
have had the inconsequential flavor of
oratory; today 1t means the
French believe they have checked the
Germans in Upper Alsace and their army
is in a strategically advantageous posi-
ton.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
BRITISH RUSH WORK
ON Ia BIG WARSHlPS
superdreadnougbts and Battle oruis-
ers to Be Ready Within 8 Months.


ers to Be Ready Within 8 Months.
NEW YORK, Dec. I.
Within six months the lists OF the Brit
ish navy will be augmented by six super
dreadnoughts and eight battle cruisers
from its yards at Devonport and Ports
mouth alone an American visitor Just re-
turned to this country from England
learned. All these ships will be equipped
defensively and extensively more power
fully than any men-o'-war OF their re-
spective classes now afioat. At least one
of the uperdreadnoughts, for example,
has an arrangement of turrets which is
quite new and which permits big calibre
guns to be fired broadside or straight
ahead with equal facility.
No less than 5000 men are employed
night and day at the Devonport station
and there are always some 5000 sail
ors and marines on guard there against
attack from without or within. At pres
ent very large number of men are en-
gagged constantly at Devonport in turning
12, 10 and even Is inch battleship guns into
siege howitzers.
This operation Is performed by detach-
ing the gun from its turret, cutting down
its muzzle and mounting 1t on an artil-
lery carriage of special design and great
strength. Owing to the Royal Navy's
superfiuity of big naval weapons the
number of heavy howitzers now with the
British expedtlonary force Is almost
equal to that of the enemy's compile
ment.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
PEACE is NEAR IN ORIENT,
MIKAD0 TELLS JAPANESE
Rejoices at Strengthening of ALI
ances With European Powers.

TOXIC, Dec T.
Emperor Yoshlhito opened the Japanese
Diet today with a speech, in which he
announced that "the bonds of amIty be-
tween Japan, Great Britain, France and
Russia are being strengthened by the
war"
In part, the Emperor said:
Il am happy to announce that the
friendship of the empire with treaty
Powers is growing in cordiality, and the
alliance with Great Britain and the en-
tentes with Russia and France have been
cemented by stronger bonds of amity.
Our army and navy have crushed the
enemy, in cooperation with our ally, and
peace In the Orient is gradually being
restored. But the great war is not yet
ended"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
INDIANS GIVE WAR FUND
Princes Contribute 100000 to
British Government.

LONDON. Dec. Contributions by
ruling Princes OF India TO the expenses
OF the war now amount approximately
to s4,O00'0O0, according 10 a telegram
received from Delhi This sum includes
$4,000, 600 from the Nizam OF Hydera-
bad and 81. $4,000 from the Maharaja
OF AIysore. Besides this amount $780,
700 has ben subscribed to the Prince OF
Wales Relief Fund and the Indian Re
lief Fund.
A further sum OF nearly S150,O0O has
been given by the chiefs In the form OF
heavy motorcycles, telescopes and kin
dred equipment, and $4,000 has been
given By Aaharaja Sindhia Of GWalIor.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
BY GRANVILLE FoRTEscuE

PETROGRAD, Dec. For three days
the Germans have carried on an ag-
grcssive offensive. New corps try to
crush the Russian front e. every point of
contact.
The German wedge driven into the
! northwest of Poland fills with an alarm
ing number OF reinforcements The base
OF this wedge Is Thorn and Kalisz. the
apex Lowicz This gives the Germans
control of the only railroad in this
section.
The Germans have been poured through
in an unceasing stream since Decem-
ber /, but GeneraIissimo Grand Duke
Nicholas anticipated this move.
Desperate though the offense is, II
does not disturb this man of chilled
steel Assisted by General Ivanon, past
master of strategy. Grand Duke Nicholas
marshals his forces to meet the new move
of Field Marshal Won Hlndenburg.
There are several replies to this at
tack. In the fighting now going on at
Lcwlcz we have Russia's first answer.
In an effort to blunt the edge OF the
wedge the Russian advance down the
Mraga River is being vigorously sup
porteo. but should the outcome of the
battles around Lowicz prove indecisive
or develop into lons-drawn-out artillery
duels, the advantage will rest with the
Russians, for they could continue un-
checked their assaults against Cracow.
In the vicinity of Cracow the cam
paign continues with uninterrupted sue
cess. The Austrian corps that attempt
to hold back the Russian inundation in
GalIcia melt before the wave of attack
For a week citizens OF Cracow have
heard the gun fire grow daily louder
Russian heavy artillery ranges almost
to the walls OF the defending forts. The
crescent of Russian corps closes in from
north to south every day. drawing
tighter the circle Of investment.
The fighting In GalicIa takes a new
turn with the Russian extreme left
occupying the passes OF the Carpathians
From the beginning OF operations in
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
RUSSIANS REPULSE GERMANS
IN POLAND. PETR0eRAD SAYS
Admit Lodz is Aflame, But Not Cap
ture Of City.

PETROGRAD, Dec Z
The sanguinary conflict in Poland con-
tinues without cessation. Fighting goes
on day and night, according to advices
received here today direct from the front.
a dispatch from Warsaw says that Lodz.
the prosperous manufacturing city about
which the hardest lighting has centred
for ten days, Is burning
The War Office stated today that no
decision had been reached I'm the great
struggle in Poland. but asserted that all
the German attacks maCo on Sunday
had been repulsed. 1t issued the fol-
lowing statement:
There was no special change in the
situation in Poland yesterday. Fighting
continues without decisive result The
Russian troops, however, repulsed all at
tacks made by the German troops"
The reports indicated that the RUS
SLAMS had been compelled to assume the
defensive. 1t Is known that the Ger
mans have received heavy reinforce
ments and the violence OF the attack
may have forced the Russians to aban-
don their offensive movements. The eN-
perts here declare. however, that this
viii be only temporary and that the Rus
slams VIII soon resume the offensive.
The correspondent OF the Bourse Ca
zette at Warsaw sends the following dis
patch
LODI has been almost ruined by the
artillery fire that has played upon It
for four days and nights. Many houses
have been completely destroyed and
their occupants killed. Fire has broken
Dut at numerous points. Hundreds OF
civilians have been killed.
The first shells fired into the city
destroyed the gas works. The gas caught
fre and since that time the flames have
been the only light in the city"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
REVEALS OLD AUSTRIAN
PLAN TO STRIKE AT SERVIA
Dual Monarchy Sought to Precipitate
War in 1918, italian Charges.

ROME. Dec. T-Revelation that Aus
tria intended to strike at Servia at the
time of the Balkan war i'm August, 1913.
and that Italy then refused 10 regard
the Triple Alliance as binding upon 1t
under the circumstances, was made by
Giovanni Giolitti, the former Premier, in
a speech in the Italian Chamber of
Deputies announcing his approval of the
Governments policy of neutrality in the
present European conflict.
He said he thought 1t was necessary
to emphasize that Italy always had been
loyal to treaties
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
PARIS THEATRES REoPENED

PARIS, Dec. THE Comedle Francaise
and the Opera Comiquc gave this after
noon their first performance since tho be-
ginning of the war Each was filled 10 its
capacity and the patriotic programs
aroused great enthusiasm. The actors and
singers comprised those whose classes
have not yet been called TO the colors.
Both houses were decorated with fiags.
The MaTseillatse' was recited and sung
by chorus In revolutionary costume.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07

this area the Austrlsns nave attempted
to push columns through these passes In
order to threaten the Russian rear.
divisions have been meeting this danger.
Not only have the Russians stopped
the gaps IN the mountains but have
possessed themselves OF two important
openings. One force has captured the
line Of Lahore River with consider
able section of railroad. Another holds
Bartfeld. head OF one railroad system
running to Budapest. These are Of great
strategic value.
When the cost is counted the battle Of
Lodz will be reckoned the worlds great
est conflict. The Germans have suffered
a loss OF 10000 electives and when the
total killed. wounded and missing on
both sides are made out. the loss will be
1000 men for every day OF the year. II
would be like the wiping out Of the city
OF Washington.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
SERVIANS REPORT SUCCESS
Authorities Escaped Before Capture
of Belgrade.

NIoF1I Dec, Z.
The Servian War Office issues the fol-
lowing official statements
"On the whole front the success Of the
Servian army is reported.
Everywhere the Austrians have been
repulsed. We have captured two general
officers 16 officers, 2iO0 men and a large
quantity OF booty. on 'pne of our fronts
we captured from the enemy four com
plete batteries.
THE Servian authorities and troops left
Belgrade on the evening of November 90
30 hours before the entry of the Aus
trians. II there was any fighting. 1t was
only between rear guards and patrols"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
ALARM IN HUNGARY
OVER CZAR'S INVASION
Russians Reported Past Carpathians
With No Army to Oppose Them.

ROME, Dec. T.
Travellers who have arrived at Fiume
declare that at Budapest and throughout
Hungary there is great alarm on ac-
count of the new Russian invasion. A
Russian army is marching across the
southern passes of the Carpathians with
the evident intention or occupying the
whole OF the southern line beyond the
Carpathians to render impossible the re-
treat Of the Austrian armies in Hun
gary.
The feeling of alarm is due to the fact
that there are no more available troops
In Hungary. The Austro- Hungarian
troops in the Carpathions are estimated
10 number $4,000 men and the whole of
this army is said to be in danger OF being
made prisoners.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
KAISER CALLS LAST RESERVES

COPENHAGEN. Dec. 1T is reported
here that the General Staff considers the
situation on the two battlefields so serious
that it has recommended calling up more
men. An imperial order has therefore
been posted I'm all towns of Germany an
nouncing that the second line of the
landsturm must be ready for active
service on December 20.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
IN MIDAIR, HIT BY SHELL
AS HE SKETCHED FOES LINE
Robert Lorraine, Actor Aviator,
Wounded in France.

IO-NDONI DFc. g.
The following account of the injuries re-
cetved by Robert Lorraine, actoT-aviator.
recently while lighting at the front has
been received from military surgeon:
"One of my latest patients is the ayi-
ator-actor Lorraine. He was out making
a sketch of the enemy's position when a
shrapnel bullet struck him below the
shoulder blade, trayersed a lung and same
out below the collar bone, in front. He
was in bad condition when he entered
the hospital, but Is doing well now"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
RUMANIA TO ENTER WAR
AGAINST GERMANS. is REPORT
step, However, May Be Delayed Tn.
I'll Spring.


GENEVA, Dec. 7.--Ths Journal ds
eeneve publishes a dispatch from Bucha.
rest, which says that Rumania has def
nitely decided to enter the war on the
side with the Allies. This decision, ac.
cordlng to the dispatch, is in accordance
with the wish Of the entire country. in.
cludIng King Ferdinand and all the Ru-
manian statesmen with the exception OF
the Minister Of Finance. M. Marghiloman.
The question Of when Rumania will
make its entry into the conflict IS still
being discussed, however, one side de-
string to avoid a winter campaign: but
the military authorities express the fear
that servla may be defeated before the
spring
The attitude of Bulgaria still remains
doubtful Greece, servla and Rumanis
have proffered certain concessions, which.
however sofia seems not to consider
sufficient inducement.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
GERMAN ADMIRALS AT HELM
Arrive at Pola to Take Charge of
Austria's Mobilized Navy.

ROME, Dec. Z.
The Stampa has received information
from Pola that two German admirals
have arrived in that town. It Is as
serted that Germany and Austria are
preparing for simultaneous action by
their fleets. When the German battle
ships leave the Klel Canal the Austrian
fleet will come out OF the harbor at Pola
Pola, on the Adriatic, is the Austrian
naval base.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
AUSTRIANS DEFEAT SERBS
SOUTHWEST OF BELGRADE
War office Also Reports Victories in
Galicia.

VIENNA, Dec. I.
An official statement from the War
Office today says:
THE battle in Poland continues favor
ably
I'VE took 200 prisoners and a few
trains in western Galicia.
"In the southern theatre our troops
are winning southwest of Belgrade.
West of Arandjelowatz, in the vicinity
of Gornia and Jmilanowatz the enemy
approached with relnforcements and ye-
hement attacks continue"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07

The Swedish steamship Luna and the
Finnish steamship Everllda were sunk by
mines off Biorneborg in the Gulf of Both
mia today. The crew of the Luna was
saved, but all on board the Everilda, eN-
cept one member of the crew, perished.
Bjorneborg lies at the mouth Of the
Kumo river in Finland.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
GERMANS SEIZE DEsTRoYERs
Two War Craft, Building for Nor
way, Taken.

COPENHAGEN, Dec. IA dispatch
from Norway declares that Germany has
seized two torpedoboat destroyers, which
were being built for Norway in Germany.
for the Kaiser's navy, which the dispatch
adds, lis greatly in need OF reinforce
ments."
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
ARMY OF MONTENEGRO
WRECKED, KING ASKS AID
Appeals to Russian for Help to Con-
tinue Fighting.

PETROGRAD, Dec liking Nicholas
OF Montenegro has telegraphed The
Bourse Gazette that third of his army
has fallen on the battlefield.
Nevertheless" King Nicholas adds in
his message "Montcnegrins will continue
to defend their country and deliver at
tacks on the enemy's territory. Their
means are exhausted and they will be
most grateful for assistance either in
money or supplies"
The war strength of the Montenegrin
army is estimated at approximately $1,000
men. a dispatch from Berlin on Decem-
ber stated that. according to an unof-
fetal announcement made there, a num-
Der OF transports escorted by British and
French warshlps had reached Antivari.
the sole seaport of Montenegro The as
sumption was that these transports car
ried troops who would assist the Monte
negrins in their campaign.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-07
Sc JoHN ERENcH pEooRATEp

LONDON, Dec. 7-DuHng his visit IN
France King George conferred the Order
Of Merit on Sir John French commander
He also pinned the Victoria Cross on
the hrst East Indian soldier TO win the
decoration,