The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-20
LIFE OF POPE Plus X,
WHO DIED LAST NIGHT

become regular At the same time
were published the rules and regula-
tions for employees and those for the
various bureaux. Another recent con-
stitution related to the suburbicariaD
sees.
The Catholic hierarchy hes greatly
increased in numbers during these
first years of the pontiicate OF Plus
X. in which twenty EIGHT new do
ceses have been created, mostly in
the United States, Brazil and the
Philippine islands. also one abbey null
lius i6 vicariates apostolic and 10
procedures apostolic,
Leo XIII brought the social ques-
ton within the range OF ecclesiastical
ACTIVITY. Plus X also wishes the
Church TO co operate. or rather 10 play
a leading part in the solution OF the
social question. his views on this sub
ject were formulated IN syllabus OF
nineteen propositions, taken from diff
ferent EncycliCals and other Acts of
Leo Kill and published in a Motu
Proprio December IS, 1899, espe-
cially for the guidance Of Italy where
the social question vas thhruy one
ut the beginning Of his pontiflcate
He sought especially to repress Ger
tain tendencies leaning towards So
cialism and promoting a spirit OF IN
subord nation to ecclesiastical au-
thority AS result of ever tnereas-
ign divergencieS, the opera del Con-
gressi," the great association of the
Catholics Of Italy, wis dissolved Al
once, however. the Ensyclical III
terno proposito" June II, l905)
brought about the formation Of new
organization consisting of three great
unions the PopoIare the Economical
and the Electorate. The firmness Of
Pins \ obtained the elimination Of at
least the most quarreisome elements.
making II possible now for Catholic
social action 10 prosper, although
some friction stili remains The de-
sire Of Plus \ is for the economical
work to he avowedly Catholic. as he
expressed Ii IN a memorable letter
to Count olago-Albani. In France
also the Sillon. after promising we'll,
rad taken a turn that was little re
assuring to orthodoxy; and dangers
in this connexion we're made mani
fest in the FncyClical ''Notre charge
apostoliqne" tAuPust / 8, tGfo1. in
which the Sillonists were ordered to
place their organizations under the
authority of the bishops.
In its relations with governments,
the pontifcate of Plus x has had 70
carry on painful struggles In France
the pope had Inherited quarrels and
menaces The '.Nohis nominaXit8
question was settled through the con-
descepsion Of the pope, but the mat
ter of the appointment IF bishops pro-
posed by the government, the visit OF
the president TO the king Of Italy.
with the subsequent note Of protesia-
ton, and the resignation of two
French bishops, which was desired by
the Holy See. became pretexts for the
government at Paris to break off
diplomatic relations with the court or
Rome Meanwhile the law Of sepa-
ration had been already prepared. de-
spelling the Church OF France, and
also prescribing for the Church a con-
stitution which, If not openly con-
trary 70 her nature. was at least faH
~ danger to her. Plus y, paying no
attention TO the counsels Of short
sighted opportunisn. firmly refused
his consent TO the formation of the
a associations cultuelles The separation
brought some freedom to The French
church. especially in the matter OF
the selection Of its pastors Plus \,
not looking for reprisals, still fecog~
nizes the French right Of protectorate
over Catholics in the East. Some
phrases Of the Encvclical 'Edjtae
Saepe. written on the occasion OF the
centenary Of st Charles, were misln-
terpreted by Pyotestants, especially
in Germany, and Plus y made "a de-
Ctaratton in refutation OF them, with
out belittling the authority OF his nigh
office At present fnecem Der. i910)
complications are feared in Spain, as
also separation ard persecution IN
Portugal: Plus y has already taken
opportune measures The new gov
eminent u Turkey has sent an am
bassador to the pope The relations
nf Io1y wi the ranHthitrx
Of Latin-America are good. The dele
cations to Chile and 70 the Argentine
Republic were raised to the rank OF
internuntiatures, and an apostolic
delegate was sent to Central America.
Naturally. the sotcitude OF Plus X
extends to his own habitation, and he
has done great deal of work or
restoration in the Vatican. for ex~
ample. in the quarters Of the cardi-
nal-secretary of state. the new palace
for employees. the new picture gallery,
the Specola. etc. Finally. we must
not forget his generous charity In
public mlsfortunes during the great
earthquakes of Calahria he asked for
the assistance OF Catholics through
out the world. with the result that they
contributed. at the time of the last
earthquake, nearly 100000 francs.
which served to supply the wants or
those In need. and To build churches.
schools. etc. His charity was proper
tionately no less on the occasion OF
the eruption of Vesuvius. and OF other
disasters outside Of Italy Portugal
and Ireland) In few years Plus X
has secured great. practical and last
Ing results in the interest OF Catholic
doctrine and discipline, and that in
the face OF great difficulties of all
kinds Even non-Catholics recognize
his apostolic spirit. his strength OF
character. the precision OF his de-
cisions, and his pursuit of clear and
explicit program,
snnrburH Evacuated.
London, Aug. IA dispatch to the