davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

When We were babies together, Hiram
Gordon and | occupied the same cradle
In childhood We played horse together.
He had the same tender heart ! have got.
| As a boy he would go mile out his way
| rather than walk on a sleeping hog. True,
we drifted apart and lost sight of each
, other for n score of years. but we always
! carried a soft spot in our hearts for each
other a person with the heart of a hy-
ena cannot understand this. but there are
others who would even Gricve with me.
| Poor Hiram
Mr. Bowser sat down with grea.
jar and sighed and shook his head. and
Mrs. Bowser thought ii policy to main
tain silence. The cat came back and
tried to look solemn, and for five min
utes the house seemed TO be deserted.
Then came sound that brought Mr..
Bowser TO his feet as if he had been
thrown up by a spring board. and he
raised an arm and hoarsely whispered:
BY thunder. but what do you call
that"
1t was the strains of a fiddle next door.
1t squeaked and walled and squawked
as it was being tuned up to the key OF
G, and then started off on the air OF
Buffalo Gals" like young colt gallop-
ing across its pasture.
by John. but think of it, gasped
Mr.. Bowser. as his eyes began to bulge
out. My second cousin dies out in Ne
braska, and ] scarcely get a word of
it. and sit down and grieve when hu-
man hyena next door starts in to work
a jig tune out of his old fiddle"
But our grief is our own" replied
Mrs. Bowser. We can't expect nor do
We ask the world to grieve with u.s."
Il know that, don't |? But the world
has no right to play blamed old fiddle
under our nose when we are feeling as
we do tonight. That noise has got to
stop
Il think if We go upstairs We shall
not hear it
Wen neither go upstairs nor down
cellar. but stay right here. and that man
will either stop that fiddle or I'll stop
his wind"
But you see we can't do anything"
protested Mrs. Bowser. with a pleading
in her tones. "A man has a right to
fiddle in his own house. Come I'D to
my room and let me read you to sleep"
Don't talk nonsense to me, My Sec
ond cousin dies out in Nebraska. come
home to shed tears to his memory. As
/ grieve, there suddenly breaks in on my
sad memories the high-diddle-diddle notes
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

Now. then" answered Mrs Bowser,
with bustling voice, Il want to know who
this Hiram Gordon was. Was he one of
your INSTANT relatives. who was always
trying to borrow five or ten dollars?"
She meant to rouse Mr.. Bowser, and
she accomplished her purpose. His face
flushed up, and he turned on her with:
rs that the way to speak of a person
who has just been laid to rest? Woman,
you seem to be heartless.'
But I am not. 1t seems that you had
a second cousin named Hiram Gordon
Years and years ago he moved to the
West. You never wrote to each other
and 1 never heard you mention his
name. don't believe you had thought of
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

thar was things that he didn't know.
He reckoned TO consider that the fox
was ahead of any othe.- varmint of the
airth in cunring.''
Il have always read and heard that he
was
''Shoo, Shco, l kin prove that a bar
beats a fox all to pieces in smartness.
tho / hain't sayin' that the fox hain't
up to snuff every day in the week. l was
tellin' that feIler that 1 had seen bars
use more brains than common folks, but
whar' l surprised him most was in tellin'
him that a bar could have his feelin' S
hurt, same as a man.
"A bar has got pride.
Hes right down conceited.
He thinks thar's nothin' roamin' the
woods quite as smart he is. Thar
fore, when sunthin' dun happens to let
him down with a smash he feels it in
his feelin's in a way to astonish you.
I've studied bar as a bar. and know
all his kinks
And he beats fox at cunningness,
does he?
BY a long mile.
And he cal be humiliated?
''Crar down to the ground. I am gwinc
to repeat the story told that naturalist.
Don't reckon he took much stock in il.
fur he 'peared TO me to know it all, but
I'll tel nuthin' but facts. Lemme git this
old corncob loaded and a-drawin' agin.'
When the old hunter was quite ready
he started off with:
"A feller down at Growers Co'ners
was owin' me 81 and could not pay. He
had a lot of barbed wire TO fence his
patch, and he gave me a right smart
roll of it to squar' the debt. l brung it
home and strung it out behind the shed
fur the mewI and hawgs to scratch on.
and it jest tickled them TO death. One
evenin. three or four weeks later. I
was out yere smokin' my pipe when
''Zeb White, have yo got a nose on yo
or have yo' dun lost it,
Reckon I've got a nose" says |, 'and
what of it,
Then don't yo' small a bar around?"
Not smell of a bar, and l know
they SMELL
Then you've lost yO'r grip and bet
ter hunt rabbits If thar amt bar
within ten rods of this yere cabin at this
very mint then I'll never AK fur an
other par O shoes. Git yourself up and
look around.'
Il got up said the old man, 'tand
about the first thing l saw was a big
bar out thar by the mewl-shed. He'd
come down off the mountain and threw
the laurels arter hawg-meat 1t was
powerful bold of him, bein' as he must
have knowed l was home at the time,
but thar he was, and he didn't seem to
mind me t all. The old woman, she
seen him, too, and she whispered to
me:
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

Zeb White, the possum-hunter and
were smoking our pipes as we sat on a
log in front of his cabin one evening
when he said:
''Thar's one of them fellers they call
naturalis. back yere in the mountings
to study animal life. j met him this
forenoon when / was gwine over to Pete
Stillwelrs."
An old hunter like you ought to be
able to givs him some pointers L re-
piled.
Reckon 1 did give him some. He had
writ two books about animals and yet
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

Of fiddle as II to mock me. Tell the
cook to go over there and warn that fiend
In human form to shut up or take the
consequences.'
But she wouldn't go on such an er-
rand as that. Please don't let such q
little thing disturb you. He may moi
play five minutes longer"
You bet he won't!' exclaimed Mr.
Bowser as he started down the hall. "fn
go over there and see that he doesn't.
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18
BOWSER, HE SORROWS
And the Public Refuses to Sorrow With Him

, him for five years when you got news Of
his death. And what is his death to US?
don't say we should rejoice. but I don't
see why we should weep"
mo, of course you don't. My sorrows
are not your sorrows.'
But why do you sorrow?'
"woman. shouted Mr.. Bowser, as he
sprang up and gave the family cat
scare, "I sorrow because I have the
heart of child with the body Of a man,
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18
DIT CQTM T0E He Doeth Good Work
L 1I0N1N1 OO1 by the Wayside

Twenty gears, Pilgrim he answers.
Vanity has no place il. my heart. HUI
The Washington herald., 1914-01-18

mility makcth a man friends, but Vanity
is bar-trao lying in watt
TN take your tintype and let you be-
hold yourself"
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Lung Trouble Yielded
10 This Medicine

II you are suffering with Lung Trouble.
or II you know OF some unfortunate per-
son 30 afflicted. would you take the
trouble of fully investigating a medicine
which has brought about complete re
covery In a number of very serious cases7
To Eckman's Attentive, a remedy for
Throat and Lung Troubles has been
given the fullest credit of restoring health
In large Hsmesr Of Of cases ss Rsad tbs Is
Gentlemen: In the winter Of 1908
had an attack Of Grippe. followed BY
Pneumonia. and later by Lung Trouble.
In the winter of 1904 had cough. night
Sweats. fever and raised quantities Of
awful-lookinR stun and later had many
hemorrhages; at one time three In three
successive days Milk and eggs became
90 distasteful I could keep nothing down.
Three physicians tre.ted me. ! was or
Eckman's Alternative was recommended
tity had the first quiet nights sleep for
weeks. Ny improvement was marked
from the drst. I gained strength and
weight and appetite. I never had another
hemorrhage and my cough gradually les.
sened until entirely gone. I am perfectly
(Amdavitl ANNE F. LoUGHRAN.
Eskmsns Al ..a, j. has been gE9yeS Sy
for severe Throat and Lung Affections,
Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma, Stubborn
Colds and in upbuiiding the system.
Contains NO narcotics. poisons or habit
forming drugs. Ask for booklet telling
Of recoveries. and write to Eckman
Laboratory, Philadelphia, Pa, for evi.
dence. For sale by all lending druggists
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
aemAskAaLE RECORD OF GER.
MAN EVANGELICAL CHURCHES
OF IOWA DISTRICT.
mARshALLroWN CHURCH
LEADS ALL OTHERS
With Only Eighty Members s5,s2o.1o Is
Donated For ssnevoIences During
Yea-Rsports Road Before Confer
ecee in Session in Ackley-mchi-
gan Man Heard in Powerful Sermon.
,ecia, to Times-Republican

Special to Times-Republican.
Ackley, June 12-The morning ses-
sion of the German Evangelical
church conference opened at $50. anu
was taken up with reports of the Vari-
Gus committees and report on the
progress of the church in Iowa. Dis
trict President ]. Jams. of suffer. HI
covered the latter field and the mem
hers of the conference We're greatly en-
Unused by his statement of the condi-
tions of improvement manifested dur
ing the year 1913.
The following chairmen Of their re-
, spective committees submitted re-
ports of the work being done in each
branch of the organization: Home
missions, Rev. E. Hardt, of Clarkeville;
educational work, Rev. l.. Hagen. To
ga, ILL.,; Sunday schools, Rev. {. III
| FRANKIE, Of Elkader, Evangelical
League. Rev. w. Krises, Donaldson
pensions, Rev. w. r. Wetzeler. Schles-
wig; foreign missions. Rev. Edward
Jagdstein. of Warsaw. ILL.,. benevolence
Vice President Rev. j. Z. Birkener, o,
Remsen, orphanage association, Rev
Mr.. Krumm, of Denver, Iowa: fire IN
| surance association OF church. Rev w
| Bechtold, of Kahoka. Mo-; distric,
| treasury. Mr. John Blaul, OF Burling-
| ton.
More For eenevoIence.
| The report of Vice President j. F.
Birkener showed that the district
raised $117,746.3s more in benevolence
during the year 1913 than during the
year 1912, a gain without parallel ir
the history of the district. small
congregation at Laurel, Iowa, consist
ing of only thirteen families, gave 81
700. ST Johns church Of this cit,
gave S1,132.69. ST. Johns church nea,
Newton, gave s4.237.o6: Frieden's a
Gladbrook, s3,259.12. and Friedens a
MarShalltown. comparatively small
church with only eighty members. LEI
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
IowANs KILLED ~ LIGHTNING
Former Residents Of Dallas County Vic
Tins Of Fatal Bolt

Perry, June 12.-Mrs. Alva Skinner
received a message which told of the
death Of her uncle, George l.. Freeman,
and his son Lee at washington Springs,
s. D., and the news will be read with
deep regret by many Dallas county
people.
The message did not contain any
particulars other than that they were
struck by lightning. Another telegram
received stated that the bodies would
arrive here Saturday, and the funeral
will probably be held at Abel Sunday.
Some of the family are buried at that
place.
The Freeman family resided for many
years at Dallas Center and Minburn.
About six years ago they sold out here
and went to washington Springs. where
they have since been prospering. Mrs
Freeman, one son and daughter are
left to mourn because Of the double
tragedy.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Brief News Of AIsona.
al to Times Republican.


Algona, June IA. F. Nicoulin and
wife are to spend the next two weeks
in Wisconsin, visiting relatives ana
old friends at Whitewater. Appleton.
Milwaukee, and other places. Their
son Feruley will join them after having
visited Chicago and attended re-
union Of his fraternity at Belof Col
lege.
Mr. and Mrs. Roy Bowen expect to
leave in their car Sunday for Mount
Vernon to attend Cornell College com :
mencement exercises. Their daughter
May is one of the graduates this year:
], F. McFadden reports case OF
blackleg in his herd Of dairy cattle. A
few days ago he lost fine Holstein
heifer from this disease. He had the
rest of his herd vaccinated promptly.
Mr.. and Mrs Frank Paine. who lived
many years at Burt, are guests this
week OF their Algona relatives and
friends. They are making a tour to
visit their children and will not re-
turn to the parlor city until Septem-
Der.
c. w. Manatt must go to Fort Dodge
next Tuesday to respond to a sum-
mons to appear in the federal court to
act as a petit juror.
The v. E. Stevenson family from
Lu Verne, is now settled In the State
street home purchased some weeks ago
from C. NJ. Daley. Mr.. Stevenson may
now be found behind the counter Of the
Lewis and Stevenson grocery.
Mrs. Daniel Rice Is leaving this week
for North Dakota. where she will spend
the summer with her daughter, Mrs
Ray Foster. and son Forrest.
l.. S. Edwards, OF Waterloo, has been
selected as buttermaker to succeed w
H. Anderson. Mr. Edwards Is one Of
| 1owas best butter makers and cream
cry managers. For several years he
has been prominent In his profession
AS long ago as the st. Louis fair he
won second prize for butter on that
occasion. He has been vice president
of the Iowa Buttermakers Association
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
SPANISH VETS CLOSE MEETING
Election Of Officers and Adoption Of
GREETING to G. A. r. Features.

Council Bluffs, June 12.-Leon NJ.
Lafferty, Of Council Bluffs, was unan-
imously elected commander Of the de-
partment OF Iowa, United Spanish War
Veterans at the closing business SEES
sion of the society Thursday morning
at the Dodge light guard armory.
The closing business session Of the
encampment, tho short, was crowded
and the business of the department was
expedited in order that the delegates
might accept the invitation Of Louis
Wegener camp to be guests at the
luncheon given at 1880 at the Grand
hotel for the Fifty-f1rst Iowa infantry
regiment. which Thursday met in an
nual reunion in connection with the
encampment of the Spanish War Vet
Grams.
Immediately upon the call to order Of
Commander Emory the resolutions
committee reported a set OF resolutions
directing the department officials to
communicate the respect and consider
alton of the Spanish War Veterans to
the state encampment of the Grand
Army of the Republic which meets at
Burlington later in the month.
The election of officers followed the
report of the nominations committee
retiring Commander Emory and Colonel
j. c. Lopez. past commander of the de-
partment, were submitted. Commander
Emory announced it would be impos-
sible for him to accept the office again
if elected. and a complimentary vote
was cast for the colonel of the Fifty
first. Then the encampment unanimous
ly elected Mr.. Lafferty. who was called
to q seat beside the commander. Other
officers elected by the department dele
gates were:
j. +. Sorensen. Cedar Rapids. senior
vice commander; T. NJ. Langton. Du-
huque, junior vice commander; Guy E.
Shields, Cedar Rapids. inspector gen.
eral; Z. S. Philpot, Waterloo. judge ad-
vocate general: Rev. E. s. Johnson.
Sioux City, chaplain: Colonel Matt A.
FINLEY, Council Bluffs, surgeon general.
Charles Beck, Dubuque: s. Manley
Clinton; G. NJ Watson, Sioux City. and
A. j. Artes, Waterloo, were chosen dele
gates to the national encampmnet Mt
Louisville. KY, Aug. 81 and Sept.
and 2.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Iowa Falls Items.

Special to mes-Republican.
Iowa Falls. June 12.-John E. Patrick.
who recently returned from the Wood
men sanatorium in Colorado. has ac-
copied a position as driver with the
union delivery.
Ralph Fits, who has been n driver
for the union delivery for the past year
has resigned and accepted a position
with the Iowa Falls laundry and will
have charge Of the collection and de-
livery portion of the business.
Mr.. and Mrs. s. ]. Osgood visited
Mrs. Osgoods folks at Clarion last
Sunday. The trip was made by auto
and they were accompanied by Mis-.
Helen Sherer.
F. F. Rogers, Of Indianapolis. Ind.
was in the city yesterday looking for 6
tract of land for subdivision. Mr.
Rogers has successfully plated ant
sold several additions at Waterloo ana
Mason City. He considered Iowa Fall.
suitable place for operations bu
could find nothing available that suitet
his purpose.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12

Men and Women and Secrets.
"A man can keep. the secret OF an
other better than his own; woman,
on the contrary, keeps her own better
thsn that ol another. "-La Bruyere.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Manson News Items.

Special to Times Republican.
Manson, June 12.-Samuel Chapman,
of Los Angeles, Cal, has been visiting
his parents, Mr.. and Mrs. r. K. Chap
man, for a few days.
Frank Nelson is on the road to re-
covery, after suffering with blood
poisoning in his hand.
The little son Of Mr.. and Mrs. Emil
Rosenquist broke his leg Monday after
noon by falling down cellar.
A. L. Feeck has sold his residence in
the north part Of town to Joe Egli
Possession is not to be given until
November. At present Mr.. Feeck thinks
of buying lot and building thereon.
M. w. Fitz and F. M. Coon. of Man
son, and p. G. Holdoegel. of Rockwell
City, have contracted for plots OF
ground facing North Twin Lake. nea,
Long Beach, and will erect cottages
there this summer. Work on the NJ. w
Fitz cottage has already begun.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
WIND STORM At CLARION.
Chase. Lister Theatrical compan,
Loses Tent and Equipment.


Special to Times-Republican.
Clarion, June 12.-Another hard rain
and wind storm swept thru this vicin-
ity Wednesday night leaving ruin and
devastation in Its path. 1t was about
1880 o'clock when the storm. that had
been lowering near, broke. A terrific
wind swept thru the town, tearing
down trees and removing heavy limbs.
The Chase-Lister tent show was about
to begin its evening Performance
when the tent, being out in the open,
caught the full benefit Of the wind and
was torn into ribbons, the cover being
almost entirely gone.
At 10 o'clock fire broke out in the
tent, and one young man from Eagle
Grove was injured, so that he was un-
conscious for a time. With the wind
came another heavy down pour Of rain.
which makes about seven inches of
rain that has fallen in this vicinity in
the last six days.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
TTMES.REPUBIICAN MARsHALLTOwN IOwA JUNE II, 1914

all others with 35,s21.1o. Eight congre-
cations gave between $500 and $1,000.
The above amounts do not include be-
quests OF leGacies.
Michigan Man breaches.
During the evening session Rev. s.
A. John. Of Ann Arbor, Mich. travelling
secretary of the educational institu-
tons Of the Evangelical church. deliv-
cred a powerful sermon on the subject.
"Our Educational Institutions-The
Heritage OF Our Fathers Rev. r..
Hart. OF Clarksville, served at the al
tar during the evening session. During
the afternoon session Rev. II. Bode. OF
st. Louis. Mo-. gave a talk upon the
work that is being done among the
German Russians in Colorado and 9TH
er parts of the west, and the seminary
that is being built at Fort Collins,
Colo.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12

Troy, Evergreen, Liberty and Boone
townships in Troy township near Troy
church. It IL to be in every way safe
and sane Fourth. Hon. Henry Wallace
II to be the orator Of the day, and
the afternoon will be devoted to a field
meet with special prizes for the vari-
Gus events. Two ball games are
scheduled-Troy VS.. Boone, and Ever
green VS. Liberty
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12

When your poor, suffering feet sting
from walking. when you try to wriggle
your corns away from the leather of
your shoes, when shoes pinch, and feel
tight, when feet are swollen. sore,
rhafed-don't experiment-just use
"TIZ." Get instant relief. "TIZ" puts
peace In tired, aching, painful feet. All!
how comfortable your shoes feel. Walk
five miles. feet won't hurt you. won't
swell after using "TIZ."
Sore, tender. sweaty. smelly feet need
''TIZ" because It's the only remedy that
draws out all the poisonous exudations
which pun up the feet and cause foot
torture. "TIZ" is the Only remedy that
takes pain and soreness right out of
corns. callouses and bunions.
Get a rs cent box of "TIZ" at any
druggist or department store. Get a
whole years foot comfort for only Is
cents. Think of It!
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Wind cto-nn at Iowa Falls.
Special to Times Republican.

Iowa Falls, June 12.-The wind storm
that struck this city about $50
Wednesday evening did more or less
damage in various parts Of the city.
many shade trees being blown down.
The garage Of S. ]. Osgood. on the west
side was wrecked by the wind. The
storm came from the southwest and
lasted only few minutes.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-06-12
Plan Joint Celebration.

Special to Times Republican.
Clarion. June 12.-Arrangements are
being made for a very elaborate
Fourth Of July celebration among the
Improvement clubs from Head Grove.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1914-01-30

Walter Riley to Bank of Rosalia,
one-third crop 11-19-43, $1,000.
r. G. Conover to Wheeler NJ otter
Co., crop sh 6.16-42, $46S.
Walter Reilly to Bank of Rosalia,
live stock, $4,000.
Claude Smart to c. A. Radcliffe,
live stock, etc., $3.50.
Releases
H. P. Bullups to William S. Mood
ct u4., real mortgage.
First Savings & Trust Bank,
Whitman County, to J. l.. Sain ct ux.,
real mortgage.
II. w. Livingston to James N.
Pocock ct ux., real mortgage.
Colfax National Bank to James N.
Pocock ct uX., real mortgage.
j. w. DeForest to Edmund X.
Lloyd ct ux., real mortgage.
Bank of Rosalia to Andrew j. Lee
ct al, real mortgage.
Security State Bank to C. A.
Rands ct ux., real mortgage.
Bank of Rosalia to Walter Reilly,
two chattel mortgages.
Assignments
w. NJ. Hetherington to w. II. Will
Jams, real mortgage.
Citizens State Bank to f. S. Swi-
CART, real mortgage.
James G. Vanskike to Jesse Banta,
real mortgage.
Union Trust & Savings Bank to
Caroline G. Humbird ct al, real
mortgage.
R. w. Hargrave to j. c. Wilson,
chattel mortgage.
Conditional Bills of Sale
e. 2. Russell to e. c. Smith ct al,
motion picture machine, etc, $50.
Miscellaneous
F. and A. NJ. Lodge No. 81, Farm
ington, to the public, plat of Noun
tain View cemetery, plat.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1914-01-30
THURSDAY, JAN. %, 1914
Deeds
Deeds

Albert e. Cranston and wife to
Mrs. Rhoda Patterson, lot IL, blk
so, Maiden, 81.
w. Alex Smith and wife to Ge-
neva M. Sewell, lot 2, blk 81, DAVIS
add, Pullman, lots 6, z, s, 9, 10, blk
81, DAVIS add, Pullman, 81.
Frank Schwenne and wife to
Thomas Gaach, seq seq 7-12-46,
$500.
Emily C. Voorhees, to C. j. Day ct
al, nwq 5-16-45, lease.
Rebecca f. Adams ct al. to d. C.
Lee, part 96-15-41, lease.
Real Mortgages
Mrs. Rhoda Patterson and hus-
band to e. Howell, lot 10, blk 90,
Maiden, $1100.
Chattel Mortgages
Henry Helm to National Bank,
Oakesdale, live stock, crop on neg
nwq, nwq neg 22-19-44, $3.50.
B. r. Pratt to Colfax National
Bank, live stock, ETC., $1,000.
Jesse V. Elliott and wife to A. B.
Willard, live stock, crop on Occur
4 'Alene reservation, $500.
Assignments
Vermont Loan & Trust Co. to Pas
sGmpsic Savings Bank, real mort
gage.
Vermont Loan & Trust Co. to Pas
sumpsic Savings Bank, real mort
gage.
G.. S. Hanna to Spokane Mer-
chants Association, real and per-
sonal property.
Releases
O. d. McKeehen to James and
Ada Campbell, chattel mortgage.
Miscellaneous
Conrad Tuschhoff to the public,
affidavit.