davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The chronicle=news., 1914-01-29
Ssssins Card Clsb.

Ssssiias Card clsb.
~ tic hosa- of carr H~ssey isst
aisss ,ss m~mare. IT the Ssrsting
Car. sia. ~rs- sas~ssaiaesi. Ths
<nmes of rassis Nss~ followed hr
dancing aaa delicious sesseAhmesSs
served n, Mrs s~sa~y salsss.i NJ
her daughter. Nnsieai entertain.
fr~a' ~ss provided darsns ,hr ~~s.
aims ~ Riehss, O.sAsaa. AHA
otAenhsii aad Asaa sNsues. Thos~
re-s~as ~ssr the Misse. tnashsc,.
athonasii. Msnasai. a.Aiae. asd
usssrs. Neiaa. os~asas. cass~s~ ass
twapcy
HSesiaa clsb.
The chaagi.x rnshtos in tsssss.
~a En- sahlers ~ rtsesssssss - ~
issssr~siss ssers;ax a the rsrsiss
ri.h hold yesterday sfsessnna a. the
rnn~ ~ Mrs.. ". n. shesnan. In ~.
.Toas-. In nsii ssii rho,nssArhs we-~
esnlbss-a showing tho .haae. ~
styles y~Nr by year and s~a.na ~
season. \ paper ~as rrad sr Mr..
g. u. Marisns nm tho Great Prob.
lem ~ Clothes Mrs.. G. y. Tir,on
read = gar~r or Tho Changing Map
ot the Bslksas.'' Tho visitors ~es~
Mr.. John Siaei,ir and Mn. Frank.
tin Jones
Tourist Clnb.
Our schools from . Moral Point
RI vic~." vas the subject under dis.
sussion At tho meeting of ihr Tour.
H., club hcia yesterday afisrrooa n
the homo of Mr.. Julian Ertoa. Tho
principle talk ot tho rIs-saooa. WA
Rov. fsans Word iirstnaii. Ills adj.
';rc.s Wa followed nv general d;, {.
trastor.
Mira. J. u. Dye of " Moro sa,l a
most "Icasinr reading. refresh
mcn,s scrc served by tho ho-,cr>.
Tho nSxt meeting Of tic Tourist
cinb viii hc held at tho hcmc Of Mr..
u. Gregory at SOS Eas, sc,c.ih
street.
n. E. L. A. Meeting.
Tho regular meeting OF IN. M.
:iona, Electric Light associntiou
will no held Monday nigh, In thu
offices Of the Trinided Electric
Transmission RAILWAY md Gas com.
any. Tho program arranged for tht
mccins Is as follows: illustrates
lecture. Accident Prevention II
Certain Public rtilitics." by ". r
Woodbridge. Electric appliances will
be- discussed by representative D,
tho Westinghouse Electric company.
Il Following the business meeting
and tho presentation OF the .rosran
tho members will he entertained n,
the Columbian Cafe.
&, s. -
Union Prayer Meeting.
Tho regular union prayer mrr,inp
will he held tomorrow afternoon n,
::ao at the First N. r. church. TIL,
subject Of the meeting will he re
liylon In Everyday Life. and tn,
discussion will lie lci'by Mrs. u. Il
Hindnan. The musical program vii
be in charge of Mrs. W. q. Plcstcd
Rev. Randolph ook VIII deliver ser
mon on the above subject. The voca
! selections will be given By Mrs. ]
|
Dye and Mrs. Alice Parker and tn,
: organ numbers by Mrs. Plcstcd. Tn,
> ladies Of the city arc extended
cordial invitation to be present.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11

each week, with marketing 100 to 200
farms by as many different people.
Another example of the advantages
of cooperation in marketing is found
in selling uniform, high quality pota-
toes by the carload, compared to sell
ing small lots of potatoes to a local
buyer who knows that when he gets
his several small lots together in the
car they will not be uniform in type
or variety.
Live Stock Shipping.
Still another most excellent example
of the advantages of cooperation is
found in the Live Stock Shipping AS
ISOLATION. Under the old system of
marketing live stock, one to three or
more local buyers in each center have
spent their time driving from farm to
farm to buy stock. Each buyer must
make enough to pay livery hire, and
to get pay for his time. Still, the
stock he purchased is no heavier or no
better in quality for his visit to the
farms. In fact, the time and expense
incurred was a complete and useless
waste. In addition to this waste, when
it comes time to ship, shipper must
invest $1,000, more or less, in each
car of stock, and take his chances on
coming out right when Sold This
CONTINUED on page 15)
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11

value, for the farmer generally looks
upon wife as a necessity. Wherein
does this value lie? Does it affect the
profits at the end of the year? Who
does the cooking and housework which
the wife would do? Is it done for
nothing? Is it as we'll done as the wife
would do it? Then surely the wife
earns as much as would have to be
paid hired help, and more if she is
more efficient. What does it cost to
get washing and ironing done in your
community? That amount must be
added to the earnings of the housewife
who does these things. Often she also
does the sewing for herself and family,
so she earns the wages of seamstress.
To put it in another way, is she takes
cloth costing SIS and makes dress in
every way as good as one for which
she would have to pay $12, she earns
81. Mind you, she doesn't save 81, she
earns it. She really increases the value
of the goods that much by her own
work upon it. BY the time she has
made the clothes for herself and fam
lily, she has earned a considerable sum-
Similarly, the value of the labor ex-
pended in the preparation of meals
may be estimated If the housewife
makes material worth Is cents and
prepares and serves a meal for five
people in every way as good as one
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11

Conditions in the country are deter
mined by the conditions in the homes.
Conditions there depend largely upon
the income, the way that income is
expended, and the ideals and standards
of the members of the family.
Now, what part has the farmers wife
in affecting these conditions?
The Farmers Wife An Garner.
In the first place, the farmers wife
is a contributor to the income, she is
a real Garner. This is not generally
recognized, and usually man, if asked
the amount of his income, will tell you
the amount which he earns. He will
even object if it is suggested that his
wife earns-he feels it reflection
upon his ability to support his fam
lily" But really, isn't the farmers
wife earning? She must be Of real
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11
Principles of Business.

Principles of Business.
Business as now done requires large
transactions for economy. Buying in
small quantities and selling in the
same way are the chief factors in the
excessive cost of distribution. Every
instance where farmers or any other
class of people have gotten together
so as to buy or sell in large amounts,
economies have resulted. Compare,
for example, the time required to
churn the butter by hand in a COM
munity of 100 to 200 homes, with
churning the same butter by power in
a cooperative creamery. Compare the
lack of uniformity of the home -churned
butter with the uniformity of the
creamery-chnrned product. Compare
the advantages of marketing by one
man of 80 tubs of neatly packed
creamery butter fresh from the cooler,
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11
The Wife as a Factor in Home
Development
(From talk BY LOUISE MCDANIEL

4, 1914.) By LOUISE MCDANIEL.
for which they would have to pay a.
dollar and seventy-fve cents (thirty-
five cents each) she earns the amount
of the increased value of the meal over
the raw food materials.
Her Position as "Home Manaeer''<
But the highest-priced work done by
the housewife is home management
the general planning and ordering of
the many activities about the house.
She must decide what work has to be
done and when, and how; what are
the family needs along all lines; and
how they can be satisfied with the
money at her disposal. She must guard
the health of her family, watching the
sanitary conditions outside of the house
as we'll as inside. She must take care
OF her children. This work is to be
compared with that of the farm man.
ager, and as he earns more than the
day laborer, so does the home manager
earn more than the wages of cook or
seamstress. If you were able to hire
such services, what would be the cost?
In all cases the value of work varies
as it is poorly done or we'll done. The
woman who desires to earn the most
possible by her work in the home must
be prepared to do it we'll. This means
that she must have training for the
work. If she is to feed her family
satisfactorily and without undue ex-
pense, she must know the requirements
of the human body, the various foods
with which these needs may be met,
and their cost. If she is to keep her
family well, she must know the chan
to enter, and how to avoid it. She
must know the dangers from flies,
from bad drinking water, from un-
ventilated rooms, etc. These things
and many others are being taught in
courses in Domestic Science and Do
nestle Art now given in so many
schools. That such training is appreci-
ated is shown by the large number of
students enrolled in the courses.
Household Equipment.
Besides training, the housewife
should have mechanical equipment
with which to work. All farmers realize
that it pays to have good mechanical
contrivances for manual labor wher-
ever possible. It is good business to
provide the proper equipment for the
economy of labor in the home, for such
equipment in the home does pay. BY
it's use, more may be accomplished in
less time, and with less effort than is
possible without it. This means in
creased length of life for the mother,
and greater happiness for the entire
family. By reducing the drudgery and
the hours of labor for the woman in
the home, some of her strength and
time is left to spend with her husband
and children.
Water under pressure takes first
place among the so-called household
conveniences which increases the eff
cheney of the housewife. The pressure
tank is probably most satisfactory in
this climate, the water pumped by
means Of windmill or gasoline en-
CINE This, with plumbing is not so
expensive as might be expected, but
(Contin,,od on nouo
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11


The term, Cooperation, is much
used and much abused. 1t is used
more commonly now than ever before.
1t stands for good fellowship, helpful
ness and increased efficiency. It is
abused by being used in connection
with enterprises purely individual and
selfish, and in group enterprises, the
objects of which are entirely opposed
to the general welfare.
In Minnesota, however, cooperation
among farmers is quite general, and is
conducted usually along liberal and
truly cooperative lines. The old idea
that farmers cannot work together has
been proved entirely untrue. Farmers
can work together greatly to their
own advantage, and to the disadvan-
tage of no other legitimate efficiently
conducted business. This statement
is borne out by the 900 to 700 sue
cessful, truly, cooperative creameries,
numerous elevators, cheese factories,
fire insurance companies, telephone
companies, breeders, producers and
marketing associations
True Co. Operation.
The principles vr cooperation are
democracy, fairness and reward for
efficient service. Democracy is Sc
cured by granting to each patron and
stakeholder of the enterprise one
vote; that is, men vote and control
the undertaking, rather than allowing
money to control, as is the custom
in corporations Fairness is secured
by paying only reasonable interest on
capital stock, and declaring no divi-
dends on stock. Money is entitled to
fair rate of interest and no more.
It is patronage and good management
that make a cooperative enterprise
succeed, so management and patron
age should receive the reward. Eff
cheney is secured by paying good
wages to the manager of the enter
prise, and by returning all profits to
the source that created them, namely,
the persons who patronized the COM
pany and in exact proportion to their
patronage. #t..,. a1.. .-
An Example.
For a good example of true CO.
operation, we may take cooperative
elevator, the capital stock of which
we will assume to be $4,000. This
elevator will handle 100000 bushels of
grain. The margin for handling may
be cents per bushel, or $4,000 The
expenses may be estimated as follows:
Salary of manager ....... 81 900
Interest on capital stock at 10. 42O I
Repairs, equipment, etc. $685.. $50
Incidentals, interest, insurance,
etc. .................. l,OOO
TtOal expense ........... SO 900
This will leave profit on the years
business of $4,000 Under corporate
organization this $4,000 would go to
the owners of the stock in the form
of 333 per cent dividends Under the
cooperative system, the $4,000 would
be paid to the men who delivered the
grain, on the basis of cents per
bushel for each bushel of grain de-
livered
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1914-03-11
Value of COOPERATION.

By A. D. WILSON, Director of Agricultural Extension Division,
University Farm St. Paul.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
PUBLIC UTILITIES.

Although the East 81. Louis and Suburban
Company showed . substantial increase IN
Twelve months ended November %. 1915 there
was decrease ~ the November surplus bc,
the necessity for using high priced coal At its
principal power station. which was operated
20 sprS 81 new bus.
ness Was recently taken on by the company
na horse additional hn, bee"
Twelve month. ended November 20 they .'' v ere
:arpS: for % Sss1 Tef
y per r cent and for tn. Twelve month. sisl ~,
new power. plant at Alton ~ with a raiei
cspscity OF 600 horse power, has Just been
Wn.,.nley station in East =, Louis: siyss IL.
become available operating expenses should
assume normal proportions, resulting In An IN
Tss sss.s ssuP ssv. rss Ss ss
earnings OF 1870 as compared with n,Ssd9
tor .,t November year ago an increase Of
charge. Vas ,se So or sst less than Tor No'
Tor the twelve months ended November &c. isis'
were 2.s2tsN ~ increase Of fNl .6,, while net
siss 80. There Was a surplus ai,er charge. OF
isis.sSs - against surplus OF ts5s All Tor ,hs
previous twelve nlonths and . balance ate
preferred dividends Of SlssS5 an increase OF
soc and equivalent 10 All annual rate OF Z
per cent. on the common stock.
The Southern California Edison Company has
alsd with the Cslifernis Railroad Commissio on
Q revised schedule OF rates covering practically
the entire southern section of tho State, reduc.
Inv the maximum lighting rate from cents a
new schedule will 60 Into effect March /, and
II 10 estimated Will result IN an annual saving
TO customer OF about 100. The reduced
rates we're esrssd upon sitter several informal
conferences between the commissioner and the
company. II 10 not expected that the EARN ne
Of the company will suffer from the revised
rates, % the Increased consumption OF current
Will Offset the reduced rsteA
The ides Of marketing public utility sscuri,
ties locally be far - p9:siels Is meeting with
ion dollars of hrN mortgage bonds Of .
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
THE CURB MARKET.

Prices moved irregularly in dull
market yesterday. Fluctuations were
confined to narrow limits and were I'm.
interesting. British American Tobacco
new was the most active Of the tobacco
shares. ranging between 2%h and 20,
closing unchanged. Tho old stock was
steady at "a. United Cigar Stores was
frmer at s3s. up " point Riker-Hege-
man sold at TN. unchanged Union Pa
cific rights improved u to 2s. New York
state Ihss when issued displayed strength
on an increased scale of activity. The
bonds closed at 105A. . gain Of Y Of .
point
Braden Copper advanced y point to
~. British Columbia Copper was steady
At 2iS, Tonopah Mining was firTner be.
tween ~ and ~ and Kerr Lake sold
at Z sic.
A heavy tone prevailed in tho Stand.
ard OIL shares. Anglo American OIL re.
coded r. to 14A. Atlantic Refining
varied between 1s5 and 7e5. closing at =
loss Of points. Buckeye Pipe Limo
yielded ga points to 17s. Ohio Oil lost
points. selling at 1855 and 49,;
Vacuum OIL closed at 2l0. of points,
and Washington Oil dropped 10 points to
SO. Standard Oil Of New Jersey receded
points to 4s7. Standard OIL Of New
York was steady at 191 and Standard OH
of California rose 81 points 70 $50.
Transactions IN detail In tho market
yesterday were a. follows:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
THE GRAIN MARKET.
Wheat Steadies Toward Close 81
Reports Of Export Demand.

Wheat closed sc. higher to isc lower
'esterday. while at New York the price
crossed the dollar level. The market was
Generally easier on profit taking and on
profe ssional selling. although values
hrmed toward the close on reports of
export buying Of about 100000 bushels
NJ No, hard by way OF the Gulf.
Weather in the winter wheat belt was
favorable, which tended to soften prices.
Receipts were much smaller than last
YEAR. but were much larger than ship
ments. as domestic demand continues
dull.
Corn lost Il to Nc. after earlier recess
',ons of = to &c, The early declines
we're ascribed to profit taking on the pre-
'lous days sharp advance and to favora-
NE weather In tho belt Receipts were
not heavy. however. being OF about the
Am, volume as shipments, and In the
ate trading the market developed strength
"u export rumors. II was again asserted
that the Argentine export movement
lad ceased through lack OF surplus corn
md that corn from hero was being bought
by Europe. This was later denied by
prominent Baltimore concerns.
oats lost u TO SC, closing at about
The low for tho day In sympathy with
corn. Receipts were below shipments.
but there was pressure from Argentine
oats.
Hroomhall estimates Argentine wheat
-hipments for the week at 100000 BUSH
els. against 2S8.O00 bushels last week.
Corn shipments for the week are placed
81 $4,000 BUSHELS against 3,2o5'ooo
bushels q week ago
ChIca VplCAa vsArA.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
THE STEEL MARKET.
Course Of Prices Indicates That Buy.
Tag IL still Restricted.

The steel mills of the country are OPP
Grating on tho basis of 55 per cent and
go per cent of capacity. Some mills have
resumed, but the greater number are still
running on part time. About 40 per cent.
of the whole industry Ii idle. Manufac-
turers assert that the depression OF tho
last two months has not yet run Its
course. and they do not expect that values
will appreciate at least for some time.
Some fair sized orders are being re-
ceiyed, with sales of $4,000 tons bars. in
tho PittsburE district. That buying Is
still restricted II indicated by the failure
of quotations to reflect any marked ad-
vancee.
The Iron Age reports valley furnace
iron, bessemcr iron. Pittsburs and gray
forge, Plttsburg. 20 cents u ton lower.
Wire rods are quoted at On advance OF
SO cents. Wire products are quoted 81
q ton higher than q week ago.
The Berlin correspondent OF the Iron
Acc says: There has been more than
usual quiet during the holidaya The
companies havo been making up their
yearly inventories. and where work was
not pressing the holidays were extended
beyond their ordinary limits. From the
southwestern district 1t has been reported
and prices are maintained. For pig iron.
however. the price situation continues
weak"
The London correspondent Of the IroM
u % says that markets are quiet and
/, waiting developments. though v little
more IL doing In semi finished material
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
Strength In steel,

In the Initial stages OF an inward
movement In the stock market speci tic
explanations Of the advance In Individual
cases are required by the speculative -le-
ment When the movement has gone
some distance and gained In volume and
impetus II Is rather the custom for the
same people TO ask for explanations of
tho declines that occur. Explanations"
for the present rise are therefore in order.
steel common has given the most pro-
nounced indication OF the main trend
and naturally speculative gossip centres
on the Impulse behind the strength here
In fact as the foremost speculative me-
dunn on the list the state OF the spccu-
lative account In this stock is always Il
subject OF keen interest. Many observ-
ers have seen In the huge turnover In
steel at advancing prices evidence OF the
slaughter of big short Spectator well
known In the financial district by repu-
tation. The circumstances of this devel-
opment are rather unusual. The story
runs that "a lawsuit OF $4,000 recently
filed against this individual had led to the
attaching OF the accounts with his brok-
ers Being heavily short OF Steel. and
with assets available for margin greatly
reduced by these attachments. his brok-
frs were obliged to buy him In. in
part at least Wind Of this crippled no-
sition on the short side, II is said. reached
the floor Of the exchange, and some Of
the big traders there oblSing!y assisted
in the operation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16

The pronounced strength in Atchison.
Baltimore and Ohio and Norfolk and
Western. which. with Southern Pacific.
make up the group of & per cent. railroad
stocks. may very we'll be partially IN
fu.nced by the rise in the price OF
the last named shares. Southern
Pacific selling at an abnormally low level
last fall because OF purely technical con-
ditions. was percep,ihle drag oh the
other & per centers, which suffered by
comparison. The recovery in South
ern Pacific Is gradually removing that
repressive influence. and II is reasonable
to expect that this fact should be re-
nected in the market In due course. In
other words, the effect OF the ad-
vance In southern Pacific IL TO make
the other per cent railroad stocks
appear cheaper. just as the previous de-
cline made them appear increasingly
dear For instance. it il suggested
that Baltimore and Ohio, with the divi-
dend of at the end OF the month, ought
to look rather cheap, especially II the
upward movement In Southern Pacific
continues Mt its present rate Of progress
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
GOSSIP OF WALL STREET.
The 0verase Reaction.

An interesting problem Of market psy-
chology 10 perhaps contained In the popu-
lar expectation Of q reaction In prices.
On several occasions during the past few
months the stock market has risen in
somewhat similar fashion, only to sink
back shortly under the weight Of profit
taking sales and a temporary exhaustion
OF the buying power A setback may
now be overdue. Judging from the extent
or the rise. But inasmuch as II seems
perfectly obvious to every ono that q
sizablo reaction ought TO occur II Is sug-
gested that there is a reasonable chance
that such development will in fact be
postponed until there Is less unanimity
of opinion on the point 1t Is the common
est bromide on such occasions TO talk
about the rise being too violent and the
pace too rapid to last. Tho stock market
mad to absorb an enormous amount Of
stock yesterday morning and took II in
surprising manner. And yet some OBJ
servers think this ought not to be aston
ishins. assuming that an upward swing
OF proportions Is under way. When the
stock market breaks out OF an old level
In the way Il hes the first stage of the
rise IL apt to DO In more or less perpen-
dicular fashion. At any ratio 10 far this
is what has happened. The spectators
VINO sold out on the early bulge yester-
day morning on the theory that they
could buy back much cheaper later in
the day found little opportunity to do 30.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-01-16
MISCELLANEOUS MARKETS.
Coffee Prices Decline On Large sac
Paa1o Receipts.

Coffee prices closed is to "a points lower
yesterday on sales of $3.50 bags. with
most of tho sales in the May delivery.
Prices we're lowest at the close. The mar
ket was to points higher at the OPEN
Ing on higher European cables.
Sac Paulo receipts were $4,000 bags
and prices weakened on bear drives The
bear element claimed these receipts bore
out their contention that the crop Ia much
larger than reported and that only rains
have held II In the interior.
The Havre market opened unchanged
to q fr lower and closed Y to u fr.
lower. Hamburg started y pig. higher
and finished - to Il pig. higher. Rio
No. was 90 refs lower at 5s525. At
Santos No. was unchanged at $500.
while No. there was also unchanged
at $500. Rio and Santos receipts totalled
2i.00O bags, against 10000 bags last year.
Sac Paulo had 10000 bags. against 1000
last year. and Jundiahy had $1,000,
against 1000 las year.
New York and New Orleans ware
house deliveries Of Brazilian coffee on
Wednesday were 5000 bags, and for the
three days Of the week they were 54,li1
bags.