Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-11-04
NO. 12-NORTH EAST CARRY
The Next Four Pictures and Correct Answers Will Appear Tomorrow

sonable to assume that 1t might be of
value as a preventive of apple scab in
Maine. No injurious effects upon the
foliage and fruit were reported in the
bulletin in question, but after the
Maine experiments had been started
and the effects on the leaves became
apparent correspondence with the Vir-
ginia Psychologists showed that they
did observe some foliage injury on the
Ben Davis and that 1t was through
an oversight that a statement of this
effect was not included in the bulletin.
In Virginia they found that the early
applications of the spray were the
ones which caused the most injury. and
that this injury was not so much as
where bordeaux mixture was used.
The following, quoted from publication
in question, gives the composition OF
the copper-lime- sulphur, and a state
ment regarding it's effect on apple foil
age, but it evidently refers to it's use on
some other variety Of apples than the
one just mentioned.
This spray material was made by
adding copper sulphate (bluestone) to
the ordinary dilute lime-sulphur at the
rate of two pounds to so gallons. This
made a muddy brown spray, due to the
formation of copper sulphide, but it
was not injurious to the foliage. On
most trees, when copper-lime-sulph
was used, it was possible to find leaves
whose margins were much darker
green that the normal leaf, but no evil
dence of scorching by this material
was found"
Our own experience was quite con-
trary to the above. The plots were
sprayed first on May 20 when the
flower buds were showing pink. The
second application was made on June
6, just after the petals fell and the third
on June %. Ten days after the second
spraying or on June 16, the leaves on
the trees sprayed with copper-lime-
sulphur showed many dead, brown,
circular spots, varying in size from
very minute ones to those nearly an
eighth of an inch in diameter and
either scattered all over the surface or
in some instances largely on one side
Of the mid-rib. Only little defoli-
alton had occurred at this time, but
two weeks later nearly one-fifth Of
the leaves had fallen and nearly every
leaf left on the trees showed many
large, round dead spots. Some russell
ing Of the young fruit was also be-
ginning to appear a. this time. From
this time on the foliage injury and
russeting of the fruit was quite mark
ed and was especially noticeable when
compared with nearby unsprayed,
check plot.
The records obtained during the
summer only serve for making rough
comparisons with reference to the
effects of the spray upon the fruit.
The final tabulation of the scabby,
russeted and perfect fruit, the latter
term being applied for convenience to
those aples which show neither OF the
imperfections mentioned, gives the real
measure of the efficiency of the spray.
The record for the unsprayed check
plot was about 81 per cent perfect,
nearly 13 per cent scabby and only a
small fraction of a per cent of russell
ed fruit. Where copper lime sulphur
was used there was less than Al per
cent perfect apples. nearly 2 per cent
scabby and over 81 per cent russeted.
In this connection it may be re-
marked that other nearby plots,
sprayed with lime sulphur alone or
with other fungicides produced from
96 to SO per cent Of apples without
spot or blemish.
It will be seen that while copper
lime-sulphur appears to be fairly effi-
cient in controlling apple scab its in
jurous effect on the foliage and fruit,
when used upon susceptible varieties
like the Ben Davis, prohibit it's use as
a substitute for the ordinary lime-su
phur. In this connection it may be
remarked also that copper-lime- sui
phur did not quite equal the ordinary
lime-sulphur in controlling scab, but
this difference may wen be within the
limits of experimental error,
CHAS. D. WOODS.