davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22

New Decatur is contemplating the
inauguration of a public park sys-
tenn. Mr. Fisher, a florist and land
scape engineer. is here comforting with
the city officials of New Decatur in
regard to the parks.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22

The tour party of the Alabama Sun
day School association will arrive in
the Decaturs on January 20. This Is a
plan for Sunday school campaign
Several we'll known Sunday school
wor kers will visit eight cities In eight
days in this campaign.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22
IMPEACHMENT CASE
ON TRIAL IN DECATUR
Charges Preferred Against
Two Jury Commissioners
PUBLIC PARK SYSTEM
County Health Officer Renders Off
cial Report-,Sunday School
Workers Will Visit
Decaturs
PUBLIC PARK SYSTEM

Decatur, January -(Special.) THE
impeachment trial of two of the Nor
gan county jury commissioners, J. A.
Nelson and w. II. league, is being
heard here in the law and equity court
before Judge a. II. Alston, one of the
supernumerary judges. This case was
tried here before and went to the su-
preme court and was sent back for a
rehearing.
The state alleges that the jury com
missioners removed names of Jurors
from the jury box and substituted the
names of others.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22
POSTMASTER
PUT UNDER ARREST
w. r. Thacker Said to Be in Arrears
$2299-Given Preliminary
Hearing

Jasper, January I.-(Special)-The post
master at Patton, William r. ThacSer
was yesterday arrested by United States
Deputy Marshal Coker, upon the advice
of postoffice inspectors, and was given
a preliminary hearing before United
States Commissioner j. b. Shields on the
charge of embezzlng the government
funds. Inspectors Keys and Watts, it
is stated, found him in arrears with the
postoffice department s2299.S7.
1t was alleged by Thacker that he knew
nothing of the irregular financial cond-
tions of the office he had In charge, and
that until the recent inspection his office,
as far he knew was found in a sat
isfactory condition Thacker is young
man and has been postmaster at Patton
y years, according to his statement On
making a substantial bond the case was
turned over to the federal court.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22
A Magnificent Trade

How large is the international trade car
ried on by Canada and the United States
is illustrated by the fact that presumably
in the first 10 months following the en-
actment of the Underwood tariff law
Canada will have exported to the United
States commodities of the money value of
a little under 500, 100000. The new tariff
law led to large increase of the eXporta-
tions of lumber, wheat fish and animals
from Canada to the United States.
Not until discussion was occasioned by
the consideration of the tariff bill intro
duced by Mr. Underwood in the House of
Representatives did there begin to be
good understanding of the magnitude of
our trade relations with Canada. If Can
ada is selling to us commodities which
have a very large money value she is
also buying of us commodities the aggre-
gate value of which is greater than that
of her export trade with u.s. In fact, our
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22

The Decatur District Laymans' and
Preachers conference was held here
yesterday afternoon and last night at
the Central Methodist church.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22

trade relations with Canada are the lar
gest which we maintain with any other
nation excepting Great Britain. For If
we We're to omit the single item of cot
ton exported to Great Britain, then our
greatest market is Canada, and 1t is
a market which will be constantly in
creased
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22
One Effect of the Law

Canada has recently secured great ad-
vantage-as the United States is sooner or
later to DOLBY the effects of the new
tariff law that applies to the inter
national trade relations between Canada
and the United States. Money conditions
in Canada during the latter part OF the
year 1913 were such as to compel consid-
erable curtaiment of Canada's customary
purchases of commodities in foreign mar
kets But it so happened that coincident
with this falling off the Canadians, stim-
ulated by the schedules appertaining to
the new tariff law, were able greatly to
increase their exports to the United
States.
This increase was first noticed in Octo-
ber, only a few weeks after the law
went upon our statute books. In eight
months Canada increased the money value
of her exports to the United States prin-
cipally of agricultural products, meat and
their by-products. fish. lumber and min
erals by about S6S,0oO,0O0 OF this amount
about $14,000000 was reported in Canadas
November export trade Were the Mo-
vember figures to be accepted as indica-
tion of what Canada's export trade by way
of increase would have been had the new
tariff law gone into effect on January
of last year, then the money value of the
increase of the dominions exports to the
United States would have been approxi-
mately $112,00o000.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-01-22

national loans of the continent of En-
rope are arranged for, and probably not
until the large outlying lines of short
term notes of the railroad companies are
provided for. No law. tariff. national
banking or any other, can greatly affect
the conditions which are ruling our own
money market at this time, for these
are due to considerable extent to condi-
tions which exist in Europe.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12
HOW ANIMALS SLEEP
Man Alone Lies on Back-Others Take
 Other POstures

Sleep, indeed. Is a gentle thing" It Is the supremest form of rest, says the Illustrated London News. Our notions of rest during sleep. however. are likely to be little upset when we come to survey the different pastures assumed by various animals during sleep.
 To begin with the human race The majority of mankind. probably. sleep lying upon the right or left side of the body and with the knees drawn up to- ward the chin. But certain African tribes, for example, lie upon the back, with the head. or rather the back of the neck, resting on a bar of wood support ed on two short pillars.
 The elephant. apparently invariably, and the horse commonly, sleep stand ing. This Is really astonieh 'Ns. Aside from the apparent difficulty of main taining the balance of the body during these long periods of inconsistencies, one would have supposed that . recum- bent position in the case of both these animals was imperative Cattle and their kind commonly sleep lying down, and during many hours of the day they lie down. as whom chewing the oud. yE
 More curious still. there are creatures which invoriably sleep hanging head downward. suspended by their hind feet. The bats afford cAss in point.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

reactionaries. Other reactionaries pose as violent Slavophiles; but Mestcher- sky laughs at the Brother Slav" no- tion and boldly calls for an alliance with Austria and Germany and for the support of Turkey In this he sees the preservation of European peace Mestchersky is hated in the Balkans. He once threatened the Serbs and Bull garians that their countries would be turned. into Russian governments When the Slavophiles demanded that Roumania be stopped in her march to- ward Sofia and that Turkey be ex- pelled from Adrianople, Mestchersky took the opposite line. In part he is influenced by the reasoning thaA an Austro Russo- German alliance, such as existed in "Dreikaiserbund" days would strengthen the Russian reaction, which the French republican alliance tends to weaken. This month Mestchersky fur ther enraged the Slavs by writing an article appealing for an alliance in the Vienna "Neue Frei Presse." Mestcher- sky is here acting hand in hand with Baron Rosen, Russias former ambas- sador at Tokio, who has prepared a state paper ln Wnlcn ne declares that Pan -Slavism Is a sentimental chimera which costs Russia money but does her no good.
 Mestcherskys greatest triumph is the casting down of Kokovtseff and the ele- vation of Goremykin, his friend. He frs attacked Kokovtsef's vodka finance ant Kokovtseffs way of concluding railroai loans. Witte next pushed the assault il
 the council of the empire. As a fact the policy of demoralizing the peasan with liquor in order to enrich the stat dates from Witte's days -Kokovtseff too7s over the vodka monopoly with all il defects ready made. Mestchersky's ene- mics affirm that he attacked Kokovtseff because Kokovtseff was too scrupulous about pure financial administration, and cut off the state subsidies which he "Grazhdanin' enjoyed for 40 years; where Witte paid out money liberally. Prob ably this and the much worse stories circulated by enemies about Mestchersky are islanders. At any rate. they do not shake the loyalty of Nicholas II. During the ministerial crisis Mestchersky was thrice at Tsarskoe Selo; and he knew of the cabinet changes before anyone else. He also was responsible for the Czar's rescript ordering a reform of the demoral-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12
At the door Of PizarrO,s cathedral

done in Lima on the Sabbath. The stores are closed and you walk be- tween blank walls or great doors fast ened with padlocks. Every store has it's windows of boards and there is not a sign of goods of any kind to be seen sometimes there is a grating at the top Of the door for ventilation and sometimes round hole has been made at the height of ones face so that those within might look out: but there is no business carried on anywhere. This is also the case in the evenings on week days. The ordinary business hours are from until G. and al night there Is no walking along and looking into the store windows. Indeed, after dark the streets are almost deserted, except near the moving picture shows which have recently captured Lima by storm
 And just here 1 would say that there IS a great liberal movement going on in thi scountry. The people are demand ing liberty of religious thought and worship. New laws have been passed by the national Congress and it is now possible for any person to establish any kind of a church where he pleases. Until now the Protestant missionaries have not been permitted to push their religion into the interior but the new laws provide for full religious freedom throughout the country
 This movement is at its beginning in Peru, but 1t has been going on throughout South America for several years past. Ecuador which was once very intolerant, has established com plete religious freedom. Paraguay has done the same and Uruagay is about to adopt a new constitution in which section shall be inserted providing
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12
Prisoners Savings Retained

Warden Simpsons plan of retaining on deposit at the bank money belonging to a prisoner released on parole Is proy- ing to be good move in the direction of reform, according to a Jackson, Mich.. dispatch to the New York Sun. When their paroles expire he turns it over t0s them, together with the interest accrued.
 'T find this is the better plan.' says the warden. ITO hand over to man go- ing out of prison considerable money after he has served sentence and been deprived of many things he has craved is likely to get him into trouble. Most prisoners have formed the drink habit to a greater or less degree before com. ing here and when turned loose with money in their pockets are like to get to drinking again and soon find .hen- selves in trouble. As rule the pardon board lives the parole term at one year
 Before a prisoner goes out on parole a friend has been appointed and employ ment has been arranged for him. If he has any inclination at all to make good the opportunity Is his. Not until his parole expires does he cease to be prisoner of this institution and. under my charge and control Inmates of this prison sometimes have as much as $6eJ or $70o saved up, and it is not uncom- mon for them to have 500 to $200 II have known in the past when their monay was given them at the time of being re- leased on parole that it proved to be the positive cause of their downfall and return to the penitentiary."
 prisoner having but a few dollars. only enough to pay his transportation and expenses for week or so. gets his money when he goes. but no prisoner is permitted to take away with him sum likely to make him careless or give him a notion of celebrating his release bv goin gon a spree
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

the city. while not rich one, has thou sands of well-to-do people
 The chief shopping hours are from To O clock in the afternoon. At that time the streets are crowded with women and men, and the crowd is as thick as thai between the treasury and the patent office on F street in Washington at about the same tune. Moreover, 1t looks much lhe same. No one Is in a hurry The people saunter along or stop ana chat with their friends. Nearly every one is well dressed ana nearly every man. old and young, carries a cane. The Limenos are very polite The men bow and lift their hats when they meet, and they tip their hats and bow again as they pass. There are many well dressed fomen wearing the fashionable outlandish styles of today an dthere are also many who are clad In the dead black that the lady of Lima ot the past always wore when she went out 10 walk. Such women do not wear bon nets, but they wrap fine shawls of black goods about the head, pinning them back so that the face alone shows. This back ground adds to their beauty, and the cos tune is far better than the monstrositjes our women no wwear. It saves the buy Ing of new hats and bonnets, and 1t is easy to pat on or take off.
 And this brings me to the crowd which one sees here on Sunday. Lima is a godly city, although we have d Methodist bishon here in my hotel who says it is the most bigoted on earth It Is altogether Cath oiic, and that not of the modern CathoIi- clsm Of America and Europe but soma what the same it was in the days of P1zarro. There are priests and nuns ev- eryWhere and great monasteries and con- vents galore. The most of the people are rigid churchgoers and Sunday morning the streets are filled with families on their way to the masses which are ceie- brated at the cathedral and churches Every one is dressed for the occasion and almost all of the women are clad in black. None of them wears hat or bonnet ana none goes to church merely for the sake of showing her clothes The usual headdress Is the cloth shawl covering the hair and neck so that the face only shows out. Some wear mantillias or shaws or lace over the head and not a lew are now beginning to wear dresses other than black, l am told that women would not be permitted to enter a church In bonnet and that those who do so are tapped with a long stick by the sexton and told to take their hats off In tha churches the men sit by themselves on one side and the women have their seats on the other making you think of q collection of nuns who are dead to the world.
 am told 1t is different when church is over The people then put on their gay colors. Some go to the bull fights ana others have evening parties and dances. l would say that the costumes at church are far more seemly than those of our country, where one looks over tropical garden of flowers and birds of paradise feathers in a vain attempt to reach the eye of the preach CT
 The sunday sights of the streets are also more seemly. There is no business
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12


 Among the birds we met with the same strange habit in the little hanging parrots of India and the Malayan re- zion. In this they differ from all other birds. which invariably sleep with the head turned tailward over the back and the beak thrust in among the feathers between the wing and the body, not under the wing. as is commonly be- lieved. No explanation has ever been offered to account for this strange habit. It Is followed even by the pen guins wherein the feathers are so short as to fail completely to cover even the back. Owls are, perhaps, the only exception to the rule.
 AS rule. darkness induces sleep. With many animals, however the re- verse is the case as with the~ bats and owls. for example. This reversal of the usual order has been brought about by the nature of the feding habits.
 Finally one comes to the question. where does sleep begin? Tn s is by no means easily answered. One is inclined to draw the line at the insects. But since all living things-plants as well as animals-display periodical states of quiescence, perhaps we shall be near the truth in regarding sleep as univer- sal among living things. In the case of plants 1t Is enforced by darkness. save in the case of many bacteria and fungi, which, like evil deeds. grow under the cover of darkness.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12
BY JULIUS OSTMANN

prince has good points. He has always scourgede the inertness, incapacity, and
 unproductiveness of the bureaucracy.
 While attacking the liberation movement he has himself boldly attacked certain of the worse class of reactionaries In revolution days he proclaimed that if the government would only work and accom- plish something the autocracy would not be imperiled at all-people, he said, are in revolt not against autocracy, but against incompetent officialdom. Mestchersky then had his gfirst quarrel with Witte, whom he was friendly with many years then had his first quarrel with Witte
 and it is Witte and Mestchersky between
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

and placed his own man in power. He has had an extraordinary career, prac- tically running the Russian empire since he was n youth.
 them; running an empires foreign af- fairs, and soon he will celebrate the fif- tieth anniversary of the day when he first pushed himself into position from which he could influence Russia's fate.
 As the chief of autocratists and reao- tionaries, Vladimir Petrovitsch Mestch- ersky ran nearly the whole reign of des- potic Alexander III; he has run the greater part of Nicholas reign. and he may run the reign of Czar Alexei if that little gentleman ever comes to the throne. Russians marvel at this. They cannot find anything in Mestchersky's tediously- written. ill-printed periodical which should overthrow ministers Yet here is Nest chersky throwing the able. honest kokovtseff from the saddle setting up his friend Goremykin in Kokovtseff's s place, and preventing a great European war. To him primarily are due the new ministerial changes, and emphatica.ly to him is due the fact that Russia dId not fight Austria over Albania; and that phe dared not check the triumphant Turks when they marched back Into Adrianopln. Alike In inner and outer politics Prince Vladimir Petrovitsch is the man.
 Mestehersky's career is u good iliustra- ton of Chancellor Gortsohakofs saying that only autoeraeea allow men without influence to rise to greatness Gortseha- kofr was mainly thinking of Turkish hiss tory. MesteherslSy Is just such little man, The Relationships are an old family their Finno-Tartar ni@estors were sov- ereign rulers of tho prinopality of Meut- ehera-but nowadays they are neither rich nor influential, Scores ot Princes Nest ehersky are scattered over the emplie 0; some are small officials and one, Prince 1lya. Is patrolman in Moscow. Vladimir Petfovltsoh never had money or patron.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12
(Copyrigl

Prince Mestchersky, 'the Man behind the
 Throne" the able, energetic detested edi- tor of the weekly "Grazhdanin,' the Secret Knower' who gives away all court and cabinet mysteries; and fs able to give them away because the secret events are mostly his own creation. This reversion of Nicholas means Westch- ersky's rehabilitation. For four years be- fore 1911. the Man behind the Throne" was, like MT. Dooley, very much behind it; if fact he was out of favor. Now he is back-making ministers and unmaking
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

izing vodka monopoly. He drew up the rescript itself brought it ready-made to Tsarskoe Selo, and advised Nicholas II to issue it. He was also responsible for the choice of M. Bark as finance minis ter, and he carried through his old argu- ment that the minister of finance and the president of the council of ministers should never be the same person.
 Mestchersky has now got tighter grip than ever on the court, and a tight grip through Goremykin. Bark and Sabler on the cabinet. His next scheme is said to be for the limitation of the legislative powers of the duma and council of the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

Russian Prime Minister, who has just been forced into his high position by Prince Mestchersky, the Czar's mentor and real ruler of the empire them who brought about the fall of Ko- kovtseff.
 When Witte was dismissed from the post of finance minister in 1908, Mestcher- sky stood boldly by him. He claims that witte is his creation. Another official friend of Mestchersky Is M. Sabler, pro curor of the Holy Synod. It was Most chersky who got into office the repressive minister of the interior Plehve. who was assassinated in the first year of the war with Japan. All his political nominees have been active men in character. This Is to his credit The prince stands for reaction and despotism, but he Is against oriental supineness and bureaucratic mediorcrity.
 Mestchersky owes his influence with Nicholas II to this strong side of his character.
 He is bold; he has solution for all problems; and he never spares in competent officials even if these offi- cials in politics are his allies. That type of character enforces itself on Nicholas who can never make up his own mind; and seldom hears the truth owing to the dread which courtiers have Of treading on his toes. As Nest chersky Ia an unpolite and raattract- ive old man his wayH hurt the aver age oourtisr's feelings. The grand dukes, with the exception of Nikolai Nixoinievitsch. detest him; and the Empress Aiexandra will not receive htm, She suspects that 1t was he who planned tho scheme to exclude her in- valid son Aiexei from the tlCone; and to put in his place the young Dmiriti Paviovitsch. son of Grand Du<e Paul. and first cousin of the Czar.
 Mestchersky Is almost the one anti siav and pro-German among Russia's
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

empire. This week he writes in the "Grazhdanin denying these plans, but he has begun an attack on the council of bers, Professor Grimm, against ill-use by Minister of the Interior Gasso. The pro- gressives say that Mestchersky will not rest until he has wound up the constitu- tion. and brought Russia back to the autocracy which flourished before the war with Japan.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

sht, 1914, by Curtis Brown.) !. PETERSBURG, April Il. Special. )-Nicholas the Second
 has again fallen under the
 tutelage of his old mentor.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

Terminology From Judge. She's the limit!" Your finish, chr
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

The Sunday sights of the streets are also more seemly. There is no business
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-12

LIMB with me to the rocky top
 of san Cristobal mountain and
 take a look over the city Of Lima. We are on the edge of
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-26
YESTERDAYS REsuLTss
American League.

American League.
New York, Q: Chicago, 0.
Washington. l; Detroit, =.
Boston, /: Cleveland, 3.
Philadelphia. 8; st. Louis o: frs
game.
Philadelphia, /; st. Louis, 0; seconC
pamp