davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

running full speed and FIRE belching from the
exhaust, they would swoop down upon the
horsemen, sometimes missing their heads by
only few feet. Even animals accustomed to
musketry fire and exploding shells would be
terrorized and thrown into a demoraizing
panic. OF course, the airmen were taking
frightful chances and some of them paid for
their daring with their lives, but many cavalry
charge has been broken up by these methods"
The use of dirigbles in carrying heavy losos
of explosives has been set forth in Captain
Bristors report already mentioned They hare
an advantage in being able to remain in the "a.
for long time and in their capacity for hover
ing over one spot. Bearings can be taken ac-
curately from this type of craft, and, with ex-
pert navigators, they are as efficient at night q.
during the daytime.
Why is it that Congress has refused to recos-
nize and support serious movement to protect
our army and navy against possible air raids!
II even a small invading force were -snt to
our shores, we'll supplied with aircraft, what re-
sistance could our miserable handful of aero
planes offer? We have less than thirty ma
chimes. Half of them are absolutely unfit for
military service, Mcn 10 ny tHCIu idShinSr
None of them are armored or fitted with guns.
If they were to offer BATH to the enemy the,
would be annihilated in day. Free from oppo-
sition, the invading airmen could fly at will
over our forts and arsenals, over power
plants and over government buildings. de-
stroyng them at their leisure and from an al
titude safe from the FIRE of our best guns.
When aviation bills have been introduced in
Congress it usually has been the signal for the
departure of some OF the legislators, while
others ha yawned and assumed an attitude
utter indifference. If the spirit shown could be
put into words it would read: 20 Lord, an
other one of those bugs is at it again"
For one-half the price of single battleship
this nation could acquire first-class feet OF
fighting air machines--one that would bring
sense Of security to the officers Of our arriy
and navy.
The strides made by Germany in the develop
ment of the Zeppelin dirigibe have been sueh
that it will be surprise to aeronautical experts
if the ocean is not crossed by craft Of that
type within very short time. The endurance
record for Zeppelin is forty hours in the air.
with about thirty passengers The average
speed was fifty miles.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

The uses TO which these craft have been as
signed during the war numerous. A popu-
lar impression has been created that scouting
is about the only field in which aeroplanes are
highly efficient. This is not true, according to
reports which the writer has reason to believe
are absolutely authentic.
Scouting, to be sure, is one OF the most inn
portant features of the aerial work in the war
To this line of endeavor is attributed the fact
that after almost five months OF lighting neither
side has gained great victory. For weeks the
giant armies have been facing each other, small
gains on one side being offset by like advan-
tages on the other.
And the cause OF this can reasonably be at
trbuted to the aviators. The element of sur
prise that usually has attended great victories
has been lacking. No important movement OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20
Work Of the Air Warriors i'm
Conflict Now Raging Shows
the Great Military Value
Of Such Equipment.

troops can be started but it is detected almost
Immediately by the air scouts report to
their commanders and steps are taken to
thwart the attempted strategy.
Much has been written of bomb dropping
but the accounts, as printed have reported lit
tie damage. Those who have followed the
course of experiments along this line are skep-
teal about the reports of this phase of the
work.
For instance. the German accounts OF the
work of the Kaiser's airmen end when the
dropping of missiles is recorded What the
effect of the attack has been is known only to
the enemy. And, in other branches OF the
service, the censored accounts of losses and
damage are not likely to admit the true state
of affairs
1t is fair to assume that twenty-five or thirty
pounds of high explosive is bound to cause
some Inconvenience among those who happen
to be near where it strikes, and that dropping
bombs can be accomplished with fair degree
of accuracy is proved by a test made in San
Diego, Cal, within the last two weeks.
AMERICAN INVENTOR FORCED TO GO
TO FRANCE FOR RECOGNITION.
Lieutenant Riley Scott, U. S. A. (retired),
succeeded in dropping four out of FIVE bombs
upon target forty feet in diameter from an al
titude somewhat in excess of 1000 feet His
machine was speeding at sixty-fve miles an
hour when he accomplished the feat. Incident
ally, the device used was his own invention and
was first offered to the United States army 1t
was turned down, and in order to obtain recog
milton for his invention Scott found it necessa.'
to resign from the army and go to France,
where his device won the French government
prize of $4,000, in 1912.
In range finding the aeropl-nes have proved
invaluable as is testified to in the official re-
ports of the commanders of all the armies now
opposing each other. After one or two shots
have been fired from the heavy guns the avia-
tors know where the defects in the FIRE lie
and, by prearranged signals, correct whatever
fault exists.
One OF the most interesting reports OF air
work on the firing line was brought to London
by wounded British captain. He told of how
the aeroplanes succeeded repeatedly in stam-
pedng the enemy's cavalry When the enemys
cavalry began charge" he said, about six of
our aviators would be sent into the air.
Flying at high altitude, to be safe FRO.
cannon fire, they would attain position before
the advancing troops. Then, with their motors
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

aeropanes at once. According to his hgures,
this would entail an expenditure OF S2,zOO,OOO.
Captain Bristol is modest He Isked for a
that he dared, and even at that there is small
chance of his getting it.
Now as to the equipment OF the nations t
war This month Austria-Hungary has 600
aeroplanes and eight dirigibles; Belgium, sixty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

csntage OF our Congressman. To many Of them,
after ten years of steady progress in aviation
the man who goes into the air is fool
But Admiral Dewey is conceded to know
few things about naval affairs and 1t is not like
ly that he would be asking Congress to grant at
once sum ten times as large as the total
amount this government has spent for aviation
unless he had some very good reasons
Apparently Admiral Dewey realizes what
those who have followed military and naval
aviation have known for some time that with
oct a large and efficient air feet the United
States would be almost helpless against attack
either 81 land or sea, by any Of the irst-class
powers OF Europe.
Let as turn to she statements made by Cap
tain Mark L. Bristol, head of the Bur. 1 o.
Aeronautics CT the navy. Both Captain. oristol
and Colonel Samuel Reber, Of the army, have
made an exhaustive study of aeronautics here
ano in Europe. They appreciate the situation
but their pleadings for a remedy have fallen OF
deaf ears. Last year, when meagre S3oOOO0
was asked for, Congress sheared off $4,000
from the appropriation.
AIR NAVY NOT MADE UP OF AERO
PLANES ALONE.
Captain Bristol told the Committee on Naval
Affairs: The air navy of the United States
must consist of aeroplanes semi-rigid and non
rigid arshps-the destroyers, cruisers and bat
tleships of the air, respectively. The aeroplane
will be used for scouting to discover the
snemys feet, especially submarines End mines
and TO attack the dirigibles and aeroplanes Of
the enemy.
Any nation that mas suitable aircraft could
detect submarines. The men in the aeroplanes
can see submarines and mines very plainly, and
guide the dirgible to them. The dirigible can
then descend close to the water drop high ex-
ploSives to countermine the mines and destroy
the submarines. The submarine, If it comes to
the surface would be attacked by the surface
craft II can dive only for limited time, and
must come up and show the periscope to get
IFS bearings.
The aeroplane is the torpedo boat Of the air
IL discovers the submarines and mines and d.
reefs the air cruisers (dirigibles) to s-'"ck
tnese craft and counternne. At the same time
= protects the cruisers from the enemyS air
Iat From the records of aeronautical work
N the European war, it seems that the air avy
~ii DC just as essential part of the country's
asnnng force as the bsttleships and sub
marines"
ssptain Bristol has asked for at least zoo
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

aeroplanes, no dlrigibles; Great Britain, 9oO
aeroplanes and twelve dirgibles; France, l,4oO
aeropanes and thirty dirigibles; Germany, l,4Oo
aeroplanes and sixty dirigibes; Italy, 300 aero
planes and four dirigibles; Japan, twenty aero
planes and two dirigibles, and Russia. 1000
aeroplanes and twenty dirigibles.
What looms up in this list is the fact that, in
spite of the loss of machines sustained in the
Sighting, each one OF those countries has more
aircraft now than before the war began. Which
goes show that the Importance of the air
equipment is so great that it must be kept up
at any cost.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-12-20

Continued on second pxse.
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25

lenses committed during the period Of
civil war in Mexico.
(d) The provisional government will
negotiate for the constitution Of inter-
national commissions for the settle
ment Of the claims of foreigners on
account of damages sustained during
the period of civil war as q conse-
quence of military acts or acts Of ma
tional authorities.
Article 3-The three mediating gov
ernments agree on their part to recog-
nize the provisional government or
ganized as provided by section 1 of
this protocol.
Protocol No. g. referred to In the
above was signed two weeks ago and
set forth merely that provisional
government. to be constituted as later
provided shall be recognized on a cer-
tain date, to be agreed upon subse-
quently. and from that time forward
shall exercise governmental powers
until the inauguration of constitu-
tional president.
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25

vasconceios-andt the delegates sent by
General Huerta to the mediation con-
ference.
No formal adjournment Of the medi-
alton will be taken, but there will be
no sessions while the representatives
of the two warning factions in Mexico
endeavor to arrive at an agreement on
the personnel Of the new government,
the agrarian and other questions.
No Date for Withdrawal.
It was decided by the mediators and
delegates to postpone consideration OF
the exact date when American forces
shall be Withdrawn from Vera Cruz.
This, as well as the constitution Of the
new provisional government in Mexico.
will be protocolized after the confer
ence between the constitutionalists and
Huerta delegates adjourn.
Ambassador da Cana Of Brazil and
possibly Minister Suarez OF Chile will
take short vacation while the infor-
NAL conferences are on.
Assurances that the constitutional
lists would be represented at the infor-
NAL conferences came direct to the
mediators yesterday from Luis Cabrera,
one of the confidential representatives
Of General Carranza in Washington.
The Protocols Signed.
At the close Of the conference,
Ambassador da CANA gave out a state
ment embracing the protocols which
were signed last night. He announced
that three articles of the peace plan
had been protoclized and that these
related only to the internal side Of the
Mexican problem.
I'VE deemed 1t advisable" he said.
ito invite the constitutionalist party to
send delegates to discuss with the
Mexican delegates the Internal aspects
of the problems"
The protocols signed are as follows:
Article THE provisional govern
ment referred to in the protocol No. 3
shall be constituted by agreement OF
the delegates representing the parties
between which the internal struggle In
Mexico is taking place.
Article 2-(a) Upon the constitution
of the provisional government in the
city OF Mexico, the government of the
United States of America will recog-
nize it Immediately and thereupon dip
lomatic relations between the two
countries will be restored.
(b) The government of the United
whatsoever claim a war indemnity OF
other international satisfaction.
tc) The provisional government will
proclaim an absolute amnesty to all
foreigners for any or all political Of
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
here from Glenns Ferry. guests at the

here from Glenns Ferry. guests at the
Bristol hotel.
Andrew Little, the well known sheep
man, Is here from Emmett looking
after business interests.
Mrs. w. Scott Neal and child left
today for Ocean Park to spend the
summer at their cottage.
Mrs. r. S. Shaw has returned from
Los Angeles. where she visited her
daughter, Mrs. ]. Ross Good.
John S. st. Clair, clerk and recorder
OF owyhee county. Ii down from Sill
yer City on official business.
E. c. Rundstrum. manager OF the
Golden Rule store at Emmett. is in the
city on short business visit.
D. c. MacWatters Is here from Mil
ner on short business visit In the In
terests of the Kuhn irrigation projects.
Mr.. and Mrs. o. Owens. Mrs. Helen
Meyers, and Mrs. 8. r. Converse left
yesterday for Seattle to visit for sew
eral weeks
James Hawley Jr. has returned from
Madison. Wis. where he has been at
tending the law school OF the Univer-
sity OF Wisconsin.
A. d. Robb, formerly connected with
the Bell Telephone company. now man
ager az the big ranch at Smiths Ferry.
Ii In the city. purchasing supplies.
Nelson White, = pioneer OF the Boise
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
Why Suffer from Rheum atism?

When relief from rheumatic pains
may be had at so small cost 1t Is sur
prising that anyone sho1ld fail to avail
himself OF It. Joseph Capparelli. Can
astota, N. Y. suffered intensely with
pains due to rheumatism In his limbs
for a long time. A friend told him
about Chamberlain's Liniment. One
application relieved him wonderfully,
and a few days treatment effected a
cure. Many others have found quick
relief by applying this liniment. For
sale by all dealers. Adv. T TIL & s
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
TRAFFIC BUREAU
PLANS TOHANDlE
SHIPPERS CASES
Will Take Care of Claims
for Refunds Under Decis-
ion Of Supreme Court in
Rate Case.

The Boise Traffic Bureau Is sending
letters to all It's members and other
ppers who may be interested stating
/ it will handle claims for them
ar the decision Of the supreme court
he United States and requesting
t,st.a not to take any action in the
n Ger until the bureau has definitely
e. >rtained just what can be done. The
fsl,l decision Of the court has not yet
Nsen received but 1t is expected that
st -ill throw little light on the future
q ON of the interstate commerce COM
mi sion when 1t does come. I'VE have
no doubt that the supreme court merely
affirmed the previous decision Of the
commission" said Leonard Way, secre-
tary of the bureau, "and did not in any
way intimate that reparation would be
made to shippers except as the inter-
state commerce commission might d.
rect. 1t is impossible to tell. therefore.
what the effect viii be on claims for
refunds until the commission takes
claims will be allowed and we are pre-
pairing to handle the business for our
members and other shippers promptly"
1t Is expected that a number of rep
Ixesentatives of different private organ
1zattons and law firms will be In this
leection soon soliciting the right to pre-
sent claims for shippers and the execu-
tive committee of the bureau wishes to
make 1t clearly known that the claims
can be handled through the bureau and
at probably less cost than they will be
handled by outside parties.
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25

basin. who came down last fall from
Idaho City. returned to the basin today
to resume his placer mining activities.
Henry Rood and John H. James Of
Silver City left today for New York.
Mr.. Rood sails June 80 for Christiania
and Mr.. James on July Q for Liverpool.
Both are returning to their homes to
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
DQH9nol.

Frank Feltham of Murphy Ia q guest
at the Pacific hotel.
Miss Alice Lynch left yesterday for
Portland to visit relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. o. Cason are visit
ors in the city from Parma.
8. J. Dunlap has gone to Warrens to
look after his mining interests.
Miss Bessie Dunlap Ia spending the
week end ut Meridian visiting rela-
tives.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bliss Of Arrowrock are
in the city visiting friends and shop
ping.
Mr.. and Mrs. g. X. Pulllam returned
to Emmett today after short stay In
the city.
Mrs. q. W. Robertson and son are
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25


plished in general only after days of
fighting.
1t was believed here that Villas lack
of effective artillery ammunition had
made 1t necessary to rush the federal
positions with infantry, taking the po-
sition by a sudden attack, which, ac-
cording to the official reports. resulted
In the capture of large portion of the
garrison and its munitions.
Up to a late hour only one official
and no press messages had arrived
from the front
The border city of Juarez at once
plunged itself into celebration. The
municipal band played In the plaza;
troops paraded in the streets.
The telegram telling the news was
received by Colonel Ornelas, the Juarez
commander, and by Lazaro de la Cara,
Villas agent here. 1t was signed by
General Orestes Pereyera. commander
at Torreon, who did not give the source
of his information. The message fol-
lows:
Il have the honor to communicate to
you that Tuesday at 6 p. M, the i'm
portant city of Zacatecas was cap
tured by the forces of the division of
the north. We took many prisoners
and captured a large quantity of am
munition and arms. There were large
losses on our side.
General Trinidad Rodriguez was
seriously wounded and General Mac
loyio Herrera was slightly wounded
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
Few Details Given.

Washington. June 25.-Reports of
the capture of zacatecas Tuesday by
General Villas troops after a fierce and
bloody battle came to the state de-
partment last last night In dispatches
from Gonsuls Carothers and Edwards,
quoting constitutionalist authorities at
Juarez.
Few details were given. but the re-
ports said large numbers had been
killed and wounded on both sides and
that the victorious constitutionalists
had taken many prisoners and quantl-
ties of war munitions and supplies.
1t Is expected now that General Villa
will continue his march southwark at
once, massing his forces against Aguas
Calientes, where Huerta's broken
ranks are preparing to form for what
may be their last stand between the
constitutionalists and Mexico City.
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
real ALLIGATOR FOUND
!. IN SOUTH BOISE DITCH
Has anybody hare lost an ALL


Has anybody here lost an ALI
gator?
A real genuine alligator.
measuring about f1ve feet in
length, was discovered by
County Assessor Kincaid in the
ditch back OF his residence in
South Boise
The alligator was dead when
found. but that did not prevent
the county assessor from being
somewhat startled when he dis
covered him. He was floating
in what Is known as the Utter
Paine ditch, which is about four
feet wide How he came there,
where he came from, or how
long he had been dead, u not
known, but the body was in a
fair state Of preservation when
found. The great jaws stood
wide open with teeth showing
and altogether It was repul-
sdve sight.
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25
visit relatives.
Kinderq arten.

The Misses Litha and Anna Packen-
ham win open kindergarten at their
home, gath and Bella SITS, on June 20.
from to ~ a. m. Children called for
and returned Phone 1851. Adv. J29
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25

Richard P. Erwin announces that his
piano studio will remain open to pupils
during the summer months. Studio,
1103 State, Phone 1e0- W.-Adv J27
Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-06-25

Capital News want ads reach all the
people seven days a week.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1914-10-07

ESTATE of Gottleib Neubauer. deceased.
a State of Wisconsin. County Court OF
Grant County-ln Probate.
Notice is hereby given. that at the special
term OF the County Court. to be held In and
Tor said County. at the Court House, in the
City OF Lancaster. in said county on the
fourth Tuesday of October, A. d. 1914 be-
ing the 9Th day of October 1914 at the hour Of
ten O'Clock II the forenoon. the following
matter will be heard and considered:
The application of Elizabeth Neubauer.
EXecutriX OF the last will and Testament OF
Gottleib Neubauer late of the Town of CT n
Haven in said County, Deceased, for the
examination and allowance of her final ac-
count and the assignment of the residue OF
said estate to such persons are by law
entitlee thereto, and for construction OF
the will of said deceased.
by order of the court.
F.. B. GOODSELL, County Judge
Dated Sept 18th. 1914
r.. A. Watkins EXecutriX Attorney. Lam
caster, Wisconsin.
1st ms. Sept %; last ms. Oct7.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1914-10-07
UNCLE SAM GOT HIS CENT
Delaware Former Postmaster Threat
ened With Prosecution If Short
age Was Not Met.

Seaford, Del.-Luther H. Clifton. for
seventeen years postmaster at Blades,
Del, received word from the post Of
fee department at Washington the
other day that he would be prosecuted
if he did not pay a shortage of one
cent. He settled, and escaped trouble.
The affair was peculiar. Clifton was
succeeded as postmaster last Novem-
Der by Caleb r. Cannon. The &C
counts were gone over by an expert
when the transfer was made, but it
was impossible to learn the amount
of cancellations, this being the basis
upon which the postmasters salary is
fixed.
The report of the expert finally was
that the government owed the retiring
official one cent. Later, however, the
department sent word that the debit
was on the other side and threatened
prosecution for nonpayment. Clifton
paid the money to his successor and
got a receipt.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1914-10-07
MADE OF SAND AND CEMENT
New Process for Manufacturing Brick
Is Being Kept a Secret by
Its Inventor.

A process for making building brick
of sand and cement only has been de-
veloped, and brick of this kind are
being placed on the market Any kind
of clean sand may be used. The secret
of the process lies in the use of a &C.
ment which is mixed with the sand and
which is made from glass sand by a
process of melting, cooling, pulveriz-
ing, and treatment in a digester About
35 gallons of this cement is sufficient
for making 1000 brick when mixed
with ordinary river sand, sea sand or
bank sand, and the sand may be either
wet or dry. After being mixed, the
material is formed into brick in presses
and is then dried under a temperature
of 500 degrees Fahrenheit. One of the
advantages of the process is that the
brick may be made complete within
a period of II hours. Various colOrs
may be obtained by adding oxides and
mineral coloring to the material when
mixing Tests on brick made by this
process show an average compressive
strength of 5000 pounds to the square
inch-Popular Mechanics.