davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
SCHEDULE.

RICHMOND Ann CHESarEAkE nay
RAILWAY COMPANY.
SCHEDULE OF ELECTRIC TRAINS
EFFECTIVE NAY 80. 1919
Leave Richmond, Laurel and Broad
streets: bsS:oS A. M. $40 AN. bs:Io
4. NJ $40 r. N. a:io p. H., sio r. Nj.
bl:io p III, t:sV r. NJ, $40 r. H.. TAO
r. NJ. bs:10 r. n. 1910 r. A.. ll:<s
p. m
Leave Ashland. England and Maple
streets: se:kb A. NJ, bs7:oo A NJ. 500
A. NJ. ts:oo A. n, 1000 A. NJ SSH :ee
r. Nj. 400 I NJ. 400 r. H.. BIS % p it,,
500 r. NJ. TOO r. ~. t:V0 p. ~. bS:00
r. NJ, II 100 p. NJ
sDaily except Sunday.
ssSunday only.
bCarrtes ha9Ga9e
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
II. r. WATKINS & CO.. NC.
- North Nirth street.


We Can Arrange to Build Several
homes in Barton Heights, Norwood
or Battery Court on 50-foot lots. s
rooms. hot-water heat, bath, cleo
trio lights. water and sewer connec
ton; strictly modern in every respect
Price $4,000 See us at once If you
wish nice suburban home. WHITE
4 COMPANY. s23- 324 American Ma
tional Bank Building.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
RCFFNER SCHOOL.

IA Grade-Helen johnson.
GA Grade--Carl Garren, Clara
Mansfield, Isabel Nixon.
5-B Grade-Edwin Buck Mary
Ballon, Irving Johnston, Edna Rich
ardson. Catherine Staples, Celia
Want, Sadie Wright.
ga Grade--John Doyle. Virginia
F'lippen. Kenneth Tucker.
| Alb Grade-Robert Ford Julian
GraveIy, Gladys Stone. Hortense
Stein.
"A Grade-Florence Gilbert, Irene
Whitworth.
BIB Grade-Jeanneil Allison. Ha-
gel Goode. Margaret Kessnich. Edmo-
mia Layne, Veronica Sauers, Grace
Ritter. Sarah Wasserman.
| s-A Grade-Ellen Acue, Louise
Law. Bessie Supraner. Hortense
Thompson, Elizabeth Wright
2-B Grade--Florence Cohen. E.iz-
abeth Holiday. Margaret Lawson.
Dorothy Mookiar, William Moore.
Irene Oakley, Bonnie Perrin. Joseph
Quisenberry Thelma Reynolds, Patt
Spracher. Stanley Tabor.
ga Grade--Oscar Lundin, Louis
I<ovenstein, Lena Sturman, Edith
Crump.
1B Grade--Luna Thompson. Lois
Thompson.
SPRINGFIELD SCHOOL
7-B Grade---Eloise Kay, Ethel
Cooke, Celia Levinson. Willie Seay.
Eddie willard
IA Grade-Albert Hilliard, Ellen
Tucker.
sB Grade-Louise Bagley. Nell
Gary, Ollie Hobson. Oscar Ford,
Welton Atkinson. Minnie Lindsay
GA Grade-Linwood Ball, Stuart
Seawell. Theima Kelly. Sarah Levin
son. Mamie Munsen. Meta Richardson.
5-B Grade-Alfred Crowder. Sam
Pusey. Martin Richwine, Marion Sea-
well, Stewart Whitehurst, Jesse Hub
bard. Lois Tucker. Matte Walker.
ga Grade--Carlisle Davis Violet
Atkins, Louise Phillips. Emily Shaw.
Alb Grade--yernell Gary. Beatrice
Chappell, Virginia West. Lillian Hop
kins.
A Grade-yirgil Anderson. Eve
lyn Ellet, Clara Jenkins. Louise Mar
tin. Josephine Woodland.
3B Grade-Trevillian Griffin. Ell
! ridge Longest. Thomas Moody. Earl
McCune, Fanny Andrews, Nell Gibbs,
Cecil Griggs, Virgil Gaulding. Mildred
Hart. Virginia Martin, Lillian Spence.
2-B Grade--Julia Allen. Margaret
Longworth. Mercer Hart, Russell
Lakewood. Lewis Lane, Julia Rus
sell, Twyia Layton.
ga Grade-Gladys Davis, Jessie
Elferson, Elsie Harding, Mollie Hub
bard. Catherine Klinck, Villas Tucker.
lib Grade-Raymond Baker. Co
rhine Spur, Raymond Booker. En-
ma Pugh, Wesley BaEby, Ruby King,
Benjamin Hubbard. Virginia Burns.
Herbert Adkins, Marguerite Bickers
Curtis Chappell, Aubrey Bingley
Ia Grade--Alfred Mitchell. Lucille
Hicks. Virginia Speights, Doris OIL
yer. Abel Luck.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

Opportunity TO Make Investments Fay
ing so per cent dividends are UNI
usual. II you care to know OF one
of -liis kind in established local
business write T. H. l.. D-17s. care
Richmond NirRinian,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
PARAMOUNT SCHOOL.

T-B GraGe-Alma Duke, Willie
Clarke, Aileeen Ford, Clifton Patter-
son, Josephine dalley, Elsie Duke.
Lucy Christian, Bessie Davis, Nora
Donovan. Mamie Rouse, Thelma Will
liams, Willie Bragg.
IA Grade-ANellie Allen. Daisy
Dyce, Louise Pollard.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
WANTED

WANTED TO buy CITY DIRECTORY
LAST ISSUE-MrST BE CHEAP.
PHONE MONROE 50a7,
Wanted--TO Duy One or Two Old
feather beds for cash. Phone Mon
roe 420s-L or address s.->
this office.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
w ants
REAL ESTATE FOR SALE


--.--~-----.---.->-->--- -
Ten Acres. Price, Gi.foo. Pm Chester
field county, three miles from Rich
mond. All cleared Watered by well
Small orchard No hoose. small barn
and corn house Cike to railroad
station store, church and school.
sixty Acres. Price. %. RO1 In Chester
field county; forty-hve acres cleared.
Soil is gray loan with clay subsoii.
Land Is level. Watered by wei
Good, orchard OF various kinds OF
fruit trees. Improvements consist of
good cight~room house, porches.
house fas slate roof. good shade
trees around house; the outhuildings
consist of large barn stable, tenant
house and all necessary outbulldings.
Close to railroad station. postofiice,
store, church and school
aI5 Acres. Price, $40 600. within Ten
miles OF Richmond; 600 acres cleared,
500 acres of bottom land Watared
by James river and its branches.
Good six-room cottage. small tenant
house and several barns for hay.
Close 10 railroad station postofiice,
store, church and school.
Twenty FIVE Acres Cleared. Price. s2ao
per acre, In Hanover county; twenty
and ono quarted acres cleared. four
and one-quarter acres In second
growth oak, pine, chestnut maple
and holly. Soil is sandy loan, and
very good for trucking. Land is
gently rolling. sufficient to drain
we'll and be healthy. Watered by
stream and spring. Small house OF
two rooms and attic, also small out
buildings. Close to railroad station.
postofiic6, store. church and school.
II. r. WATKINS & Co. NC.
- North Nirth street.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

New Modern Homes ORA Terms Like
rent. We have 'seyeral beautiful
places. from s2.50o TO $1,000. which
can be bought on monthly payments
II you are tired OF paying rent. see
as Houses baiIt In Battery Court
Norwood. Woodland Heights and
elsewhere on your own plans and
terms. AMOS e. COMPANY, INC zoe
Travellers Building. phone Madison
42se.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

FOR SALE
THE RRISTOw-wORSHA CO..
~ North Fifteenth 81.
Headquarters For Vehicles and Hnr-
ness.
We Have Top Hughes, Open Buggtes
and Surveys at reduced prices to
make room for spring stock.
We Have Farm Wagons. Spring Wng-
oas. dump wagons and carts. Large
stock and low prices.
We Have Pony BuRgfes, Pony Traps
and pony carts-new and second
hand. Large stock to select from.
We Have Secondhand Wagons, BuE-
gies and surveys. for sale. cheap 10
close them out.
THE BRIST0W-W0RSHA CO.,
IL North Fifteenth st.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
MISCELLANEOUS

pearls and all precious stones. Ex-
pert repairing of jewelry and silver
ware MY specially. Best references
furnished. THOMAS A. CRAY, Z Mai
den Lane. New York.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
SALES.--FUTURE DAYS
NY POLLARD & BAGBY,
Real Estate Auctioueern.

TRUSTEES AUCTION OF FARM IN
CHESTERFIELD COUNT +, ABOUT
SEVEN MILES FROM THE CITY OF
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

FOR sALE-sEyEN ACRES NEAR
FOREST HILL AT A BARGAIN TO
QUICK BUYER. ADDRESS BAR
GAIN. CARE VIRGINIAS.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

Fer sale 81 Acres Waterfront Prop
erty: 5-rooin house, bath. toilet. hot
and cold water, barns, orchard. oyster
beds etc. At Urbanna. Va. Address
X-10T. care firginian.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

Wanted--Carp~ts to Dust and scour by
latest improved machinery. only ST.
We also make over all kinds of car
pets. NEW YORK CARPET CLEAN
ING CO. 2ool East Franklin. Mon
roe 20S6.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

GENTRy'S FOR BICYCLES.
Agent for Emblem, Dayton and Eagle
bicycles Repairing speciality.
Also bicycles to hire. Phone Mon
roe eos1. SOS West Broad street
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
SPECIAL NOTICE
PROTECT YOURSELF.

Accidents may happen, sickness may
set in. total permanent disability may
make its appearance: old age you hope
for. in any of these contingencies a
fixed monthly income from $40 to $500
per month Is assured TO you by becom-
ing member OF the American Anchor.
write or call at 1877 East Main street,
second floor Phone Mad. 2a27 1t Will
interest you to learn particulars. no
matter where you live.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23
L E,IaIE WANTED

" auted--Four Lots In Battery Court
or Norwood. direct from owner. for
immediate building; give exact ioca-
ton and best cash price and terms;
might be Interested in other North
Richmond lots II terms easy Ad-
dress A-1s4. care Virginian.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-23

List tour Farms with J.. A. con-
NELLY a co. Write postal for
necessary bianka
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
Artificial Snakes as Scarecrows

Farm and Preside, the national
 farm paper published at Springildfe the best letters describing success full scarecrows for the orchard and and poultry yard. In the current issue a number of suggestions are published. One contributor describes as follows, a successful scarecrow of new and original kind:
 "A form of scarecrow originated last year by a Connecticut gardener is in striking to the old variety that with every breeze waves a maudlin greeting to the passer-by. To save his strawberries from the devastat- ion of ravenous birds this gardner cut into 3-foot lengths garden hose his bed of berry plants.
 AS a result the birds left his ber- ries severely alone and he has theory that it was because the birds thought the hose to be snakes. To an unpre- judiced mind it seems equally pro-
 bable that they avoided the berry patch because the pieces of hose were an unaccustomed sight in that place, and hence something to be wary of.
 But after all, why they were afraid is of little importance compared with
 the fact that the experiment was a
 decided success, and that the berries
 were not harmed"
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
BUSINESS IN STATE GOVERN
 MENT.

Following the lead of New York, 1t seems that the state of Minnesota has an Economy and Efficiency Com mission and this commission has been at work for some time trying to ef- feet a plan for a reorganization of the government of the State. In this reorganization, it is hoped to corre- late the different department, consoli- dating the boards with similar or kin dred duties and abolish useless com missions.
 A scheme has also been worked out for a modified commission plan of government, making the Governor chief executive officer, with power to appoint directors of the other execu- tive departments, thus forming his cabinet. There would be five of these departments, namely, Finance, Pub lie Domain, Public welfare, Labor and Commerce and Agriculture. Attach ed to each department would be a non executive board to keep in touch with the people. The merit system would
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

be employed to protect the service from political pressure, and there would be budget system for appro- priation. The plan has not yet been submitted to the legislature but will be done and there seems to be note of doubt among the commission as to what the law makers will do with it.
 The ordinary politician desires gov ernment with patronage rather than with business. The party that con trols the legislature is willing to try out any scheme of economy that will throw out office holders of the oppo- site faith while the minority endea- vors to hang on to what it has and it is no trouble to find argument from mere political motives to influence friendly legislators to do this or that thing for the party striving to main tain the power.
 Now this Minnesota Economy and Efficiency Commission is composed of thirty volunteer cltlZenS appointed by Gov Eberhart. It had no local au- thority and no appropriations. Its findings have been more sweeping than those of the New Jersey commis- sion with its task of planning one gov ernment out of sixty or seventy sep arate little governments, but gener- ally speaking it's task was about the same as that which confronted the commission in New Jersey.
 That Arkansas needs a similar work in our state government is certainly true. There is much about our gov ernment that is superfuous and not economic to say the least of it. The legislature could accomplish great deal more with the help of few lead ing citizens who have ability and pa
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

Ignorance of the law excuses no one, is a well known principal, yet this same principal costs hundreds of business men and many business houses of Arkansas thousands of dol lars a year and cause many persons guilty of no wrong intent to suffer punishment because the Legislature passes hundreds of laws and there is no provision made to inform the pub lie generally as to what these laws are. Act No. 3 submitted to the peo- pie in the September election, should be passed if for no other reason, be- cause it provides that summary of all the general laws passed by the Legislature shall be published in each County in the State for general circulation.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
The Board of Trade, the Business

The Board of Trade, the Business Mems League and the Boosters Club, and the Chamber of Commerce should all combine their offices to advance the factory interests of Prescott. There are certain kinds of factories that we do not particularly need and there are others that we do need and we could get them very easy. Did it ever occur to you that some of the necessary in dustries would be much more easily established than to start a new tele- phone system? We are getting to- gether on the telephone business, why not get together on everything else.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

triotism than it could without their CO., operation. A great deal of money and useless time and expense could be saved by putting the government on business basis. The man or the men or the governor of Arkansas, who ini- tiates and put into effect such a law will have done wonderful work for his State.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
Don't Lose Sleep Coughing at Nigh

Take Foley's Honey and Tar Com pound. It glides down your throat and spreads healing soothing coat ing over the inflamed tickling surface. That's immediate relief. It loosens up the tightness in your chest, stops stuffy wheezy breathing, eases dis tressing, racking, tearing coughs. Children love it. Refuse any substi- tutes. Contains no opiates. For sale by HesterlY Drug Store. cod.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
NEW SECRETARY MOVES
 TO CAPITOL CITY

Little Rock, June 16.-Dr. F. B. Young, the new secretary of the State Board of Health, has removed to the capitol city from Springdale, and is located at l532 Arch Street.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

Come to the telephone meeting to- night and do what you can to bring the work to a conclusion. There is no use in Prescott doing without tele- phone system any longer than is ab- solutely necessary.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

Tn Chautauqua is something which Prescott people ought not to miss. Arrange your business so that you can take a little vacation and at the same time do something for your intellec- tual and moral advancement. It is a season which should be looked for ward to with a great deal of pleasure and anticipation of profit.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
June Sixteenth

Apologies only account for that which they do not alter.
 -Disrueli.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

LIV-VER-LAX is harmless-not a deadly poison like calomel. Any child is safe and happy by the use of LIY- NER-LAX. Advt.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

Still cutting hair ana shaving at the West Side Barber Shop.-you are next.-Cragan x Cummins.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16
The Prescott Daily News
 PUBLISHED BY The News Printing Go.

Entered as second class mail matter november 4th, 1905, at the postoffice st Prescott, Ark, under the act of Congress, March 3, 1879.
The Prescott daily news., 1914-06-16

Have you tried our Sanitary Bread Douglas Brooks X Company. Advt
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-26

He-If don't marry her she is
going to sue for $25, 700 for breach
of promise!
She-Why don't you marry her,
then?
He-Because if / do she says she
will get divorce with $50 a week
alimony. g5.s
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-26

Every night L go home. l look for
ward to a hot dinner and then nice
talk with my wife
Eyes, and 1 can look forward to a
hot talk with Tlyywife and a mighty
cold dinner"
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
DIAMOND PRICES
LIKELYTO SOAR
rs Per Cent Of Worlds Stock Cut In
Belgium.

New York, Aug. 26.-Another COM
modify which is likely to be affected
by the war prices" is diamonds.
They have not advanced in price yet,
but further importation Of the pre-
cious stones will be retarded for some
time, according Ito the New York
dealers. Some importers say that no
rise will come for awhile because Of
the fact that large purchases were
made abroad for the American &C.
count before the new tariff went into
effect. Others declare that the stock
now in the United States has reached
a very low point. That scarcity of
diamonds will prevail here in the
event of long war appears certain,
however, because the London syndi-
cate, which is said to control the
worlds supply, will not take rough
stones from the African mines during
the European war. Belgium cuts rs
per cent. of the worlds diamonds, and
Holland ranks second. Insurance Just
at present makes shipments unprofita-
Bile. Austria is the source of the lar
gest supply of imitation stones.
American concerns may profit by the
stoppage of this supply.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
KAISER,S NEPHEW
REPORTED CAPTURED
Count Won Schwerin Commanded Uh-
Ians at HarIebeke.

Paris, Aug. Pa dispatch to the
Excelsior from Courtrai says that the
Emperors nephew Count Won
Schwerin, has been taken prisoner.
He was in command of detachment
of uhlans who reached Harlebeke.
French chasscurs, being informed of
the presence Of the Germans, arrived
on the scene and killed one, wounded
five and made prisoners OF the others.
According to the Matin, the minis
try of commerce is considering the
best means CT anrulling German pat
ents and trade marks in France, fol
lowing the similar practice adopted in
England.
A dispatch from Geneva says that
a business man who has just returned
from Strassburg gives his impressions,
which are printed in the Tribune. He
says that the garrison of Strassburg
was practically annihilated in the bat
tie of Schirmeck. OF $500 men who
went into the fight only 1900 re-
turned. Four German battalions were
put out of action before they were
able TO fire a shot.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
ADJUTANT GENERAL
ANDREWS RETURNS

Washington, d. c., Aug. 26.-Briga-
der General George Andrews, adju-
tant general of the army, was placed
on the retired list today on account
of having reached the age limit of GA
years. General Andrews has had a
long and brilliant career and is one of
the best known officers of the army.
He is a native of Rhode Island, IN
which state he was born in 1850. He
was graduated from the United States
Military Academy in 1876, and served
as second lieutenant, first lieutenant
and captain of the 25th Infantry un-
til February. 1898, period Of twenty
two years. when he was transferred
to the adjutant generals department
with the rank Of major. He reached
the grade of colonel in 1902. Ten
years later he was made adjutant gen.
al and advanced to the rank of
brigadier general.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
WARRANTS OUT FOR
ABSENT congressman
SPEAKER CLARK SAYS THEY ARE
NOT TREATING PEOPLE
RIGHT.

Washington. Aug. 26.-Speaker
Clark has issued another batch Of war
rants Of arrest for absentee members.
Sergeants raided the baseball park,
cafes and other resorts, to bring in
enough congressman so the house
could go on with business. ~-
"Writs have been issued for these
absentees," Numbered Speaker Clark
from the rostrum after long delay
during consideration of the American
water power conservation bill.
THE absentees are not treating
the house right and are not treating
the people of the United States right
by staying away, especially those
who are lOlling about town and are
not home for any reason. Members
do not seem to realize that these
delays mean congress will remain in
session much longer"
Later Democratic Leader Under.
wood made a statement on the SUBJ
1ect and gave notice he would move
today that the sergeant-at-arms be
instructed to notify all absentees to
return to Washington forthwith.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
A PARTY FOR EVERYBODY.

The ,Philathea Class Of Fifth Ave.
nue. Baptist church will give a lawn
party Thursday evening at the home
OF Mr.. and Mrs. J. c.. Ballard, on
Fourth avenue. The program in
cludes music, games and refreshments
and "A Trip on Hattiesburg Scenic
Railway with Capt Beall as conduc-
tor Ice cream and cake will be
served at popular prices and lunch
boxes will be sold for fifty cents each,
proceeds to apply on piano fund.
Everybody come and enjoy a laugh
able evening.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
GLASS OF SALTS
CLEANS KIDNEYS
If YOUR BACK HURTS OR BLAD.
DER BOTHERS YOU, DRINK
LOTS OF WATER.

When you kidneys hurt and your
back feels sore, don't get scared and
proceed to load your stomach with a
lot of drugs that excite the kidneys
and irritate the entire urinary tract
Keep your kidneys clean like you keep
your bowels clean, by flushing them
with mild, harmless salts which re-
moves the body's urinous waste and
stimulates them to their normal ac-
tivity. The function of the kidneys
is to filter the blood. In "a hours they
strain from it 500 grains of acid and
waste, so we can readily understand
the. vital Importance of keeping the
kidneys active.
Drink lots of water-you can't drink
too much; also get from any pharma-
cist about four ounces of Jad Salts;
take a tablespoonful in glass Of
water before breakfast each morning
for few days and your kidneys will
act fine. This famous salts is made
from the acid of grapes and lemon
Juice. combined with lithia, and has
been used for generations to clean and
stimulate clogged kidneys; also to
neutralize the acids in urine SO 1t no
longer is source Of irritation, thus
ending bladder weakness.
Jad Salts is inexpensive; cannot in
iure; makes delightful effervescenc
Whitewater drink which everyone
should take now and then to keep
their kidneys clean and active. Try
this. also keen up the water drinking,
and no doubt you will wonder what
became Of your kidney trouble and
backache.
The Hattiesburg news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1908-1917, 1914-08-26
MINER CONSTIPATION
DANGEROUS

Constipation in summertime is more
dangerous than in the fall, winter or
spring. The food you eat is often con-
taminated and is more likely to fer
ment in your stomach. Then you are
apt to drink much cold water during
the hote weather, thus injuring your
stomach. Collie, Fever, Ptomaine Pois-
oning and other ills are natural re.
suits. Po-Do-Lax will keep you well,
as it increases the Bile, the natural
laxative, which rids the bowels of the
congested poisonous waste. Po-Do-
Lax will make you feel better. Pleas
ant and effective. Take a dose to-
night. SOC at your Druggist.