Evening star., 1914-11-22
WAR AND THE LAW OF NATIONS


to the regulation concerning the laws
and usages OF war on Land
That somewhat complex form was
adonted in order TO give satisfa ,tion To
certain scruples: II did not lessen the
obligatory character OF the expressions
IN ,"e resulatlon -
The spirit of the agreement adopted
on the conduct of war is revealed in
the preamble Of the convention:
::
:. s:
Inc soNereighs anu chleis OF ha'iohs.
considering that IN seeking the means 20
safeguard peace and pre-
The Hoore vsn, armed conflict. Ia
Preamble tween hatio'is' IL IL neees-
sary to consider the case
where anpe,l 10 arms may he brou,r,
,ho,,. b, ,.,,., ,,.,,;o,, ,,,,,s -. \,
"''
,e''e"' ''i'na'en pS the oeSire l" serve
in that extremity the interests OF human
ity and civilization ,hey heIjeve 4, nece.-
s,r,- 90 ,..;. -, -,
NV i''"H "'''' '-'''i al N9"Ne9
va "' ''"'t WIN the oh3ect OF ofnhhr
with more precision. or TO fnd certain
limits destined 20 restrain as much as nos
sib,e tb. ,;oo. t,,a.,-., -. 49,.
,.o,,o,,,,,,a.,l1, ."'i'i.u ny ..'e >"'
tecoihhehoed today or twenty-five veare
nave m mat snirit adoDted n great mum
w. VI Su,E"St'ohs having Tor OBJECT ("
on land" ~ wa
In 1907 during the second ne,ce cor.
ference. there was revision of the reru-
. .atioh OF IN''. me number of tho sigma
he,,ieere,,. 80 ~ ~, ',",n,lonr 80, the actual
fion and the rer,,,,+iors or ,oo- '''''''
1t is not possible 10 point ont hern ~
the rules concerning the conduct Of h.;-
80. .'ias. put oitlN = le" oi particular ~
The ,,,oh;r,i.i,,, ~, L.. 4,
is that "'hellirerents will nrt ,,or -
territories and respect those Of the nations
"mrh are neutral.
tbose ,,.iioi, w. h,n"t - ~ neu..a' ntti"ne
will and those which are r.,,+-a, w.,
tue of convention hv which they ;,rc
perpetual'v in that situation The oE'ao
OF p'rnetuai nenfrafZoii'n is 70 keer
away rom lmn"rtanf strategic noin's thN
powers AGAINST which war might arise
an noNenSiVe nation is placed ~ esp
po'n's 50 as 10 present tn her neirhbnrs
cnnnltions NJ security for their frontier.
o"Fn "''erS as fun"k-srertano anil
rel n'a,ntai1 that the nowers In lin
h'ne fhelr he'fS q battle and in aug
nen.'ne the difhculty of wars have acted
wisely
K
Such neutrality is oraipa,sl,, ,,,.r
teed. that is 10 saw .b.. ,ho n..,
1t, ma '''>
"lith participate n fs
NeHtrdl establishment promise no.
Mo4;. only 10 respect 1t. bur 70
NdtlUns. cause 4. "a ho -.s.,o..as
r,ra. ro.;o,s -. ,,,
' '''''N 'i''" i'Ni'fr Wv
virtue oi tfea'ies' sWitzeriahd. BeigiEn
and Luxemhurg.
The powers assembled in Tho ,onoro,.
Of y,a,,, N,.r,t- on ,c,- -,
~. -, -: '"ft
..e se"efai ih'e'est uerhanaea IN favor ~
the ffeiNetlan body the advantage ui Q
perpetual neutrality. BY a declaration
issued at Paris November On 1s15 IN ,bs
NAM. Of ,,s.r, r.. -,
y, -1uS''''' rfahoe' 'rea' bfl'"'h'
PORTUGAL PRUSSIA and Russia. the pow
ers sisnatory of the declaration oI March
20 made by the present act formal and
authentic recognition Of the neutralttv
o Switzerland and thev guarantee Ia
that nation ..intecrity and inyioiability ~
her territory n her new limits"
When it was "A question # separating
Belgium from Holland after the revolution
of 1880 it was proposed to make of tie
Prussia and Russia contains tbn t,, .
lowing suggestions:
Article Z. Belgium in the limits in
oicated IN articles l, and viii form
state She will be held to observe that
Article 25. The courts of Austria.
France. Great Britain, Prussia and Rus
81 - psI.r;a 10 IN nus ,, .naJy, ane ~
preceding articlesr
This guarantee was renewed in the
treaties OF London Of August ls. 1889.
paIerirn, IN go, voi,h ~ Kins or
the Netherlands
The grand duchy of Luxembourg, &C
cording to the treaty of London OF
May -. iooI, WIN Iorii d peipelua. 49,
on,,,.tS nf snstri, Erance Grea. Brit
~ prnss;a and Russia and within the
1;r,;;.s datarn,;nad by the act annexed
~ ,raat., nf Iondon of Anril ~
800
io0s. - .; ,,,,,-ar, ,yroaa
ne hish IN :ih ~. ,en,ral-
10 respect .he piihe.ptS T,1, 1T,
ltS stipulateu III al ttste .,sn ~ m.
clpie remains uhuer 'iIe 81 stana,ory
collective guarantee oi the e I1it,i,,n
powers with the exception "a h''s '
which is itsell heutfai s."'''