davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-10-04

lions. The total amount of goods of that
kind that has come from the countries
row at war is twenty-five times as great
as that from the United States. This
means that an increase of 2,JGo per cent
in our sales of textiles to Chile is among
the possibilities.
It must be remembered, however, that
the trade is special one. These people
have their own styles and wants, and
they will not stand being made the
dumping ground for the American fac
tories. They use all sorts of staple
goods such as cottons, woolens. and
silks; but at the same time there are
many specialties peculiar to the country.
One of these is the black shawl or man
tas which every woman wears in church
ana on the street. The most of these
have come from Germany, France and
Great Britain. All kinds of passamen-
teries sold are from Germany and France
with only small supply from Great
Britain. The bulk of the carpets is from
the United Kingdom and Germany, the
most OF the underwear from Germany
ana the United Kingdom, and the blan-
hets are from Germany, Great Britain
Belgium and Spain. All the cotton lace
comes from Europe and all Of the thread.
Inc rlpbonS are mostly from Germany
ana France; and Japan is the leader in
the selling of handkerchiefs.
AS 10 manufactures Of steel, our
trade with Chile, thanks to the steel
trust is rapidly growing. Neverthe-
less the most of the iron and steel
sun comes from Europe, and there are
opportunities in all varieties of such
manufactures. The country is using
about 5000 tons of corrugated iron and
lS'ooo tons of galvanized iron per year.
VI the frst, three-fourths has come from
Gfeat Britain, and of the second, Great
britain has sold 1900 tons. We an
nually sell about LOCO tons of corrugated
IRON and something like 1000 tons of
galvanized iron to Chile. In this same
iine Belgium has done big business.
couAq write whole letter on the
not only to Chile, but as to almost every
south American country. Chile is now
taxing about thousand tons of freight
ana passenger cars per annum; she buys
IN the nelghoorhood of 1900 tons of loco
MOVIES, ana also thousands of tons OF
steel rails, railroad spikes. ishplates
and carwheels. In all of these things
the United states has a fair trade, but
Germany. France. Belgium and Great
Britaln are doing the bulk of the busi-
ness. The sales of the steel trust how
ever have been steadily growing. and
with the present opportunities they should
increase many fold. It is the same with
the locomotive and car business. 1 have
one statement showing that Chile took
last year 341 freight cars from Belgium
and 24s from Great Britain, while from
the United States it got only 6S. In
tnat same year We sold about one
third of the locomotives, the balance of
the trade going to Great Britain and
Germany. Just now Chile has under way
enormous railroad extensions. and her
supplies will have to come from our
country.
The electrical possibilities are large and
they demand all sorts of machinery.
Every town OF any size has electric cars
ana e'ect"fc lights. The country took
Evening star., 1914-10-04

In a thousand ways that Franco
Prussian war was a prototype of the
great conflict of today, and in that war,
as in the present one. the United States
played a most important role Our
diplomats figured in the forefront of
the great international difficulties that
grew out of the hostilities. At the re-
quest of the German government we
formally represented her interests in
France. a task which became particu-
larly heavy during the siege of Paris.
In, all the capitals of the world we
were the real channels for intercourse
between the two hostile powers.
The archives of the State Department
contain most vivid accounts of the
happenings of those days, including the
grave secrets of state and highly i'm
portant government communications
which passed between the various gov
ernments-both those actually involved
in the war and those great neutral
powers who were the onlookers in the
fight.
Our ministers abroad at that time in
clUded such great names as those of
John Lothrop Motley, our minister at
London; George Bancroft, at Berlin,
and E B. Washburne, at Paris. Mr..
Bancroft and Mr.. Motley rank high
among the historians of the world.
Hamilton Fish was the Secretary of
State in President Grants cabinet at
that time.
Few documents of state are as vivid
Minister Washburne to Secretary Fish
during the days of the war. and espe-
cially when the German troops laid
siege to Paris. Throughout those try
ing days the American legation was
the center of foreign interest and it's
chief protection. And this became even
more important in the days when the
siege grew to its close and the rabble
ruled Paris. Mr.. Washburne sent de-
tailed accounts each day throughout
these trying months.
In that war, just as in the present
one, both sides appealed to the United
States, as a great impartial and neu-
cral power. with charges of brutality
md inhumanity against their foes.
While President Grant was careful that
nothing should impeach our absolute
neutrality. we did send to each of
-hese powers the charges submitted to
IS. by their opponents and then sent
,ack to the other the replies that we
'-eceived.
By far the most important task which
he United States undertook in that
,:reat struggle was the protection OF
he German citizens who were in Paris
,ghen hostilities commenced Thou
-ands of them were unable to leave
when the actual siege began. and only
he vigorous care of Minister Wash
,aTne saved these poor refugees from
cath. not only by starvation, but at
NJ hands of the infuriated Parisians.
When the days of the commune came
Nd chaos and anarchy reigned in
sNat had been the capital of France.
.Enister Washburne and his subordf-
.ates worked day and night to inter-
rose the protection of the American
lag between these helpless victims and
he wrath of Paris
There are few more striking chapters
1.-THE war than the heroic effort which
fipister Washburne made. although in
ain, to save the life of the venerable
Evening star., 1914-10-04
f& A \


help u.s."
This. from Acts, 1879. is the text of my
letter. Uncle Sam represents St Paul,
and South America. Macedonia. The cry
Is one of great need, and the sound
thereof flies across the oceans from one
continent to the other. 1t is the cry of
more than fifty million souls. and it
voices need of thousands of millions of
dollars 1t tells of the wants created by
the warning nations of Europe. and IL
begs Uncle Sam to send his goods over
the seas to satisfy them 1t is COM
pSSite cry, made up of all our sister re-
pablics. Listen a moment and hear how
big the cry is. 1t represents a trade of
hundreds of millions of dollars In 1912
Great Britain sold South America 30
million dollars worth of goods. The sales
OF Germany amounted to 157 millions;
those of France 10 more than 100 mil
lions. and in addition Austria and Bel
GUM each had large share. These
goods were scattered far and wide over
the continent An equal supply is de-
manded this year, but 1t Is shut out by
the war Truly the cry from Macedonia
is loud
Now stop again and listen more close
lys Out of the compos tie. you can hear
the voices of the individual countries.
nat SElle represents tHe loss OF y
million dollars in foreign supplies fro:I,
Great Britain. Germany and France.
The country is alive 10 its needs and
the government is subs.dizin= steamers
to bring our goods here To make up the
deficit
But what Is that sbrill. small cry from
the top of the Andes? 1t personifies
the wants of Bolivia 1t says: Il have
been buying goods from Great Britain
to the amount of S26 1000 a year. Ger
many has been sending me her wares to
the amount of $i,V0.00O and l have been
buying two millions of France. Ny wants
now are the same. and l rely the
United States to supply them"
And then the voice of Peru! MY needs
l&st year supplied by the British cost me
or three millions from Germany. and of
two millions from France. Where shall
these goods come from in 1852?
The same sounds are heard from Ecua-
dor. Colombia and Venezuela. The i'm
ports of each country represent millions;
but they are drowned by the mega
phones Of the mighty republics OH the
east anc southern Atlantic. The needs
OK S-hz;i and Argentina are enormous.
LAST year Argent!na paid Great Britain
l5s million dollars cor he- daily sup
ct goods from Germany. and :+
Millions from FraEce. Tho purchases
o. Braz!: from the same source amounted
to .aore than 312S COO OGC. an6 in add:-
fiun was tho enormous trade with Bel
41um. Swiszer.and. Austria and other
ucunfr'es. now tied up b. the war.
lnceed. the foreign trade OF South
t,narica briks large IN the trade Of the
E'orl..- Within recent years the exports
Evening star., 1914-10-04

from which the officers are chiefly
taken. and those of the poor. For the
future no motive to war that is likely
to occur can seem worthy OF repttl-
tion of equal sacrifices.
Indeed. people of every degree long
for peace, and long for its continuance.
I am. therefore, of the opinion that
Germany In the coming years will de-
vote it's immense energies to the i'm
provement of it's laws. the establish
!nent of its liberties and the develop
ment of its great resources"
A month after this treaty of peace
had actually been approved, March %,
1871, Minister Bancroft wrote to Sec
retary Fish concerning the future Of
the new German empire:
mo plans of future conquest are now
cherished, but. instead of it, the cul-
ture and development of the homo
geneous population are the great ends
tionality shows itself already as a
guarantee of policy of peace. I have
met no one who wants territory occu-
pied by men of another race and Ian
guage. Another guarantee of peace is
the character of the army, composed as
1t Is of the people, and, as with us,
disinclined to any war except for self
defense"
These comments are of particular in
terest in the light of the present
struggle.
In the days of the siege of Paris and
when the bombardment of the German
troops threatened the lives Of nom
combatants, Minister Washburne join
ed with the other representatives of
the neutral powers in a protest to
Count Bismarck in which they de-
clared:
For several days large numbers of
shells. from the localities occupied by
the besieging tpops, have fallen in
the interior OF the city of Paris. Wom-
en-, children and invalids have been
struck. Among the victims. several
belong to neutral states. The lives
and property of persons of every ma
tionality established at Paris are con-
stantly jeopardized."
In his reply Count Bismarck set forth
statements that seem to represent the
attitude of the German government
in similar incidents Of the present
war. He declared:
THE unusual measure, which stands
Evening star., 1914-10-04

S1,OOOOQO,00O Little Belgium has for
eign trade which exceeds billion and a
half. and the bulk of all this buying and
seiling and the making of goods for the
trade is practically stopped by the war.
Here are some striking figures of the
imports and exports for 1913. In that
year Belgium sold S715,0O0,0OO worth of
goods: Russia $500, 100000 worth and Aus
tria $575. 100000 worth. These were the
small merchants. The sales of Great
Britain all over the world in that year
amounted to more than three billion
dollars; those of Germany were almost
two billion and a half dollars while
France came in with her share of one
Each of the warning nations bought a.
most as much, or more than it sold. max
ing altogether, as 1 have said. foreign
commerce amounting to twenty thousand
millions of our money.
This gives some idea of the opportuni-
ties offered to the United States in the
increase of its shipping and banking
and trade. Our foreign commerce in 1913
was more than four billion dollars. We
shall have to increase it over 800 per
cent to equal the value of that of the
nations at war.
once had an interview with Mrs. Hetty
Green, the richest woman of the world,
in which she told me that her mind re-
fused to comprehend more than $1,000,-
900 at one time 1t is the same here.
Let US divide the sums and look at the
items. Here are some selections from
the myriad wants of the individual coun-
tries which show just where the trade is
and what we might do.
Take this little republic of Chile. with
Its population of three or four millions.
and begin at the bottom. The nation
buys its footgear from outside nations by
the thousands of pairs. and the American
shoe is so popular with the better classes
that out of the supplies sold last year
more than eleven thousand pairs came
from the United States. eight thousand
from Great Britain, six thousand from
Germany and two thousand from France.
We led in the trade, but we should have
to more than double our business to sup
ply the present demand. In babies and
children's shoes we did practically moth
ing. The sales of such goods amounted
to 10000 pairs. and of these only 1000
came from our country. On the other
hand. France sold 10000 pairs, Great Brit
ain $4,000 pairs and Germany $4,000
What Chile wants to know is whether the
United States can supply the lack of 169.-
coo pairs of shoes for her babies bare
feet.
There are many other goods which come
almost entirely from abroad. This is so
with toys. More than two-thirds of them
have come from Germany and France
and the Christmas of 1914 will be lean un-
less Uncle Sam sends the playthings.
And then take our cotton and woolen
mills. We have been shipping less than a
million dollars worth of textiles per an
mum to Chile, whereas the sales of Great
Britain and India have amounted to more
than ten million dollars; those of Ger
many to more than seven m llicns. aod
- OF France to something Tx III . ~
Evening star., 1914-10-04

THIN Is THE

to that continent Of the three great man.
ufacturing countries now at war have
been averaging about six times as much
as their exports to China. In 1912 their
sales to South America amounted to al
most a half billion dollars. while their
exports to China during that year were
less than $SO.OOO.OO0. Here are the fg-
to the amount of $245.OCJ.O0O to South
America. and of only $54. .OOO.O00 to China;
Germany sent S136, 100000 to South Amer
icss and only S20.O0OOOO to China, while the
exports of France to this continent
amounted to $4,000 600 in contrast with
only 100000 to China.
The imports from South America of the
countries at war have been quite as large.
sc that the trade altogether represents. as
I have said. more than a thousand mil
lions OF dollars.
! DO cot lrs ~5nrss, They are Il poor
Evening star., 1914-10-04

powers in effort for peace. Uniform
policy and true interest Of United
States not to join European powers in
interference in European. questions.
President strongly desires to see war
arrested and blessings of peace re-
stored. If Germany also desires to
have good Offices of United States in
terposed, President will be glad to con-
tribute all aid in his power to secure
restoration of peace between the two
great powers now at war, and with
whom United States has SO many ira
ditions of friendship. Ascertain If
North Germany desires such offices. but
without making the tender thereof I'M
less assured they will be accepted"
*
But the time was not ripe for peace,
and in reply Minister Bancroft cabled,
September II:
"No time now for America to inter-
vene. Germany rejects all foreign in
reference. Every other power holds
back. America would stand alone and
unable to accomplish anything. Our
interest, dignity. require us for the
present to stand aloof."
Peace did not come until after the fall
of Paris in the following year. 1t is
interesting to note some of the COM
ment that Minister Bancroft made in
his dispatches to Secretary Fish. which
are now in the archives Of the State
Department. In them he prophesied a
century of peace between France and
Germany. The prediction failed by
hfty-Six years.
"The capitulation of Paris will. 1t is
here universally believed, lead to the
establishment of peace" he wrote from
Berlin February 1, 1871. "The terms
will include Metz. Germany is deter
mined to rely for its security against
future aggression from France on a
safe military line of defense. If it
obtains the boundary which it requires,
peace between the two peoples can
hardly be broken for a century.
with regard to Germany. present ap-
pearances indicate that after the close
of this war it will devote itself ex-
clusively to the employments of peace.
Compared with the great objects of
this war. which involved the question
of national existence, all conceivable
causes for a future war will appear
trivial and Indifferent. This war has
carried sorrow into almost every fam
lily. alike into the houses of that class
Evening star., 1914-10-04

medium for the conveyance of thought
They are all right for an Isaac Newton
but they slide from the back of the
ordinary intellect like water from the
back of the typical duck. Still it is only
by figures that we can get an idea or
the trade losses caused by this war in
Europe. and of the wants which Uncle
Sam has now a chance to supply. The
warning nations are among the great
traders of the world Great Britain stands
first and then come Germany and France,
with Belgium and Austria each doing it's
share. The total foreign commerce of
Austria. Russia, France. England, Ger
many and Belgium amounts to more than
Sc. 1000 000, 900. That of Great Britain alone
approximates $7.O00.O00.OOO. and that Of
Germany Is more than $1,000, COG, 600
France IN its trade with foreign nations
employs more than Si.HO9. .001O0O "A year,
and Austria and Russia each more than
Evening star., 1914-10-04

are owned by the Germans. Most Of the
cars are of German construction. The
only native thing about their operation
being the woman conductors, who take
up the fares.
And then the trade for automobiles
This is rapidly opening up not only in
Chile but in every Latin American re-
public There are more than 1000 auto
mobiles now in Mexico City. there are
:, 200 in Rio Janeiro and SO many in
Buenos Aires that the dogs there have
to cross the street on the run. Many
of the machines come from England,
Germany and France; but they are be-
ing displaced by our cheaper American
makes. which are now to be seen in al
NOSE every large town of the continent.
Evening star., 1914-10-04
ORTY-FOUR years

CIh L L # w II Sdi .
ago the fathers of
the soldiers who
are now fighting
under the flags of
G e r m a ny a n d
France crimSoned
the fair fields OF
France with one
another's blood. 1t
was the great Eu-
ropean war of the
latter half of the
nineteenth ce n
f,rrv
Evening star., 1914-10-04

There is demand for motor trucks in the
cities. And SO L might go on country by
country and item by item. The field
is so vast that there. is hardly an in,
dustry in the United States whose goods
are not needed in some parts of South
America. The wants comprehend every
variety of manufacture and almost every
article that the United States makes.
An almost imperative demand for this
trade is American ships and those so
backed by the government that they
cannot fail to pay a good profit 1t
is probable that Chile and Peru will sub
sidize their lines of steamers. and send
them through the canal to our Atlantic
ports. Our government should do ths
same to American vessels engaged in
the South American trade. Until now.
practically the whole of this trade has,
been in the hands of the English and
Germans. and they have so combined that
our steamers could not compete with
them. They have given such rebates
to the South American exporters that
our vessels could not get return freights.
and this is especially SO of coffee and
other large products. We have been buy
ing something like S70.O0O,o00 worth OF
coffee year from Brazil; and for every
cup on our breakfast table We have had
to pay toll to the German and English
shipping trusts. subsidized by their gov
ernments. Since 1910 the United King
dom has paid out about $500, ,000, 900 in
$s,000.000 year in bounties of one kind
or another. and Germany has built up
her enormous shipping through subsj-
dies and bounties- Practically all our
exports and imports have been carried
in foreign bottoms, and we have been
paying taxes not only to the ships but
also to the banks. all the money trans
actions having been carried on through
Europe. AS 1t is now our foreign COM
merce amounts to more than $4,000,--
100000 a year, and of this nine-tentha
were more than $4,000, ,0o0, 900 and only
> per cent of them were carried in
American vessels. Estimating the cost
OF freight and the banking at only
in such charges to build a Panama canal
very two years. aS-
~,
Our heights to South America shouId
be the cheapest of the world. We take
a large part of the exports of that con.
tinent and the vessels which brine7then
should carry back American goods at
low rates. We take about 40 per cent
OF all the exports of Brazil and the shins
that bring our coffee and rubber should
return filled with American goods We
meat: and from now on there will be 4
Meet of chilled beef steamers comin9
from Uruguay and Argentina to our Az
lantic ports. Those ships have to 70
American factories. We take vast
quantity OF nitrates from Chile, which
should give us cheap return freights "a
that country. The Bethlehem Steel Con-
pany expects to carry northward a mill
lion tons Of iron ore every year. and its
ships should annually carry down the
west coast million tons of American
goods in return. Our tin should come di,
rect from Bolivia instead of going around
by Europe as it has in the past; and tho
cacao We get from Ecuador and Coloras
bia should give cheap rates for our man
ufactures on their return.
FRANK G. CARPENTA
Evening star., 1914-10-04

ness to avail itself Of facts, regrsttahle
indeed. though hitherto not proved. and
at all events isolated. in order to, have
some pretext to justify itself for much
graver acts with which we have TO charge
It. and for which the corps commanders
are mach mo-e directly responsible.
The, ae sharges attacks upon French
ambusya> >sI and that a French surgeon
was killed on the field OF battle by
Prussian soldier while attending. the
wounded. 49,
"If Prussia should continue these
odious proceedings" concludes Prince
DAuvergne. according to a dispatch on
file in our State Department '-she would
stamp her military operations with a
character for atrocity which would. place
her under the ban Of civilized nations.
We protest in the name of universal con-
science against such abuses of power.
and in requesting you to call to them
the particular attention OF the govern
uent to which you are accredited I
'cel confident that public opinion will
visit them with just condemnation
Evening star., 1914-10-04

alone in the history Of modern times.
Of changing the capital of q great
country into a fortress. and it's en-
virons. with nearly 100000 of inhab-
itants. into fortified camp. has GER
tainly been followed by & very unusual
and lamentable state OF things. For
this those persons are responsible, who
have selected this capital and Its en-
virons as a fortress and a field OF bat
tie, but 1t must be borne in every
fortress by those who voluntarily take
up their abode therein and retain u
during the war. Paris is the most i'm.
portant stronghold in the country, - Z
France has assembled her pr.n.spal
armies therein; these attack TIE Ger
man forces from their secure position
in the midst Of the population OF Paris,
by means of sallies and artillery fire
In view Of these facts, it cannot be
expected that the German commanders
should refrain from attacking the
stronghold, or from conducting the
attack in a manner suited to the object
OF every siege.
Evening star., 1914-10-04
yrishted. 1911. by Frank G. Carpenter.)

SANTIAGO DE CHILE
Nd a vision appeared to Paul
in the night: there stood a
man of Macedonia, and
prayed him. saying: Come
over into Macedonia, and