davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
EMPHASIS ON THREE RS.
Reading, Writing. Arithmetic Get
More Attention I'm New York.

The New York bureau of munici-
pal research. tn "a statement concern
Ing the schools, announced recently
that special mphasis was 10 be laid
hereafter on The three Rs"--read-
ing, writing and arithmetic-in the
school curriculum
Some examples are given OF funda-
familiarity with these three studies.
with grammar added, on the part OF
teachers AS we'll as pupils, based ON a
Study Of one large East Side school.
These are some OF the errors teachers
made in speaking:
f'f shall sit you down" "You better
listen to boy who knows" Some
body gave him a favor and they want
81 more" United States suffered
severely of ats Is with English war
vessels"
Here are some that were fastened
on boys who were about to leave
school and were asked to write sem
fences containing the words "evadc,"
excitement" evident and ''ex-
haus.
evaae my history. read il to me-"
MY mother evade me from the
river" There WAS great excite
ment when the boy were running
down the staircase. IT was excite
uent when IT. was fire in my house"
The excitement man was very am
CRY" Il exhausted my mother" II
vas an exhaust" Al will exhaust"
HE was evidend'' The evident man
was brave " Il evident that person."
In arithmetic, of f,4so boys from
the fifth 70 the eighth grades asked
10 multiply 1896 by 41s nearly one
third obtained an incorrect answer.
Some funny examples of bad SPELL
Ing were also reported.-Normal In
structor.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
SOUTH IS ACTIVE
IN ROAD BUILDING

-rhrcuehout the south, IN spite Of the
var scare ana fts possibilities for de-
r,YnssfoY the work Of rhe live comnnni-
res IN road building and street I'm
p~ovtng is continuing The work REIN
dope In mos. cases IS OF permanent
.natura and the money being spent on
the work IS finding its way INTO the
channels 81 general distribution. the
summary eff the weeks work and
forecast Or work - be done IN the
near future as carried IN this week s
Manufacturers Record, follows
Bonds Voted.
Arkansas pass Texas-City voted
IS. eco bonds FOR street Improvement.
Bonds 10 he Voted.
ruttSin Texas city votes September
10 en- sac 600 bonds for street improve
rnents
Magnolia Park. r o. Houston, Texas
CITY Will vote on issuing $4,000
bonds to improve streets, etc
Contracts Awarded.
birmingham, Ala---City let $1,000
contract for road grading and macad~
amizlnE
baltimore Md-City awarded $4,000
contract for asphalt street paving.
baltimore. Afd-City awarded Sie.-
cas- 50 contract for street improvem ents.
Ptrr,7jn CHAM Ala.--City awarded
$3.50 contracts FOR street improve
ments etc.
pal|a. Texax-City awarded $3.50, 200
cont tracts fer street paving
Knoxville, TeHn.~-Knox county let
s&.7B0 contract for grading and ma
cadamizing.
Louisville, Ky.-City awarded $40
$40 paving contract.
Ivnchburg Nar~-City awarded con-
ysr I'm q !, Q
to cost $1,000,
Nashville. -enr--City let s1I 600
contract fer creonte lug block paving
Richmond. ya.-~-City awarded $4,000
paving contracts
savannah. Ga-rhathan county will
vote ON $500 Geo bonds TO construct
roads.
scale. Aia~~w. A Warner. Rockford,
Ala, has si1et2 contract to grade.
drain and sand clay about nine miles
of road
Washington, II. City receives bids
until August IS To construct 10000
square yards Of cement sidewalks IN
District of Columbia.
Contracts 10 be Awarded.
birmingham Ala.--City receives bids
until August Is for asphalt paving TO
cost $4,000.
birmingham. Ala,-City will expend
sl4. 600 for grading macadamizing. etc,
Centervine. Texas--Leon county has
$40. 900 available for surveys, plans.
construction. etc of roads.
Cumberland, Md.--City receives bids
until August "a to pave thirty four
streets, aggregating six and halt
miles,
Dallas. Texas-city opens bids Au-
gust'14 for $4,000 square feet con-
crete and 1000 linear feet combined
curb and gutter
Houston, Texas--City will pave $500
square Yards of streets
Knoxville, Tenn.--Knox county or
dered expenditure of $4,000 for road
construction.
Lafayette, Ala.-Chambers county
opens bids September > for grading
and draining.
Pine Bluff. Ark,--Paving district. No.
I32, received bids until August Is for
constructing II 1000 square yards OF
asphaltic concrete pavement and 5000
linear feet OF curb and gutter
Wheeling, w. va,--0hio county com
missioners receive bids until August
81 for 5000 cubic feet of mapped stone
and $4,000 square yards Of resurfacins
\ .
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
Worth Remembering.

A sentence attributed TO the great
commoner Gladstone, Is worth re-
peating for the benefit Of school
boards: Corruption there must be
whenever there Is not publicity, Pub
llcity, that Is the great advantage, the
great security of political life"
The school board that Is inclined to
star chamber sessions, to private con-
ferences and secret com mtttee meet
ings may, with profit, frame this SEN
tlment for It's office.-School Board
Journal
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
Peanut Growers Meet In Suffolk.

call has been Issued by the State
council of the Virginia Farmers union
for meetig of the peanut growers
of Virginia and North Carolina. to be
held in Suffolk. Va. September l-3.
State Organizer Barnett writes as
follows:
Let me say TO every peanut grow
err, come. Do not think because you
are not a delegate that you have no
part in this meeting. but come pre-
pared to do your part. We have near
ly eighty locals in Virginia interest
ed in the peanut, and ought to have
as many or more in North Carolina.
Reduced railroad rates are offered
on return trip. but you must get a
proper certificate from your ticket
agent in Purchasing"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
DAIRY INSTRUCTION
CAR ON SOUTHERN
TO BE OPERATED IN VIRGINIA
DURING NEXT TEN
WEEKS

The Southern Railway company an
nounces that. in order to further en-
courage the development OF dairying
IN Virginia, It will send It's special
Dairy Instruction Car" over its lines
In the State for another complete
tour. Commencing in Charlottesville
August - the car Will visit fifty
three points In all sections OF the
State served by the Southern rail-
way and Danville and Western rail-
way An entire day viii be devoted
to each stop, and Illustrated lectures
and demonstrations on improved
methods Of dairying will be conducted
morning and afternoon by a corps Of
expert dairymen who viii accompany
the car.
The dairy instruction car has pre-
viousIy toured practically the same
territory, and the interest < aroused
among dairymen and farmers at
every point visited was SO keen that
the Southern railway is sending IL out
again to follow Up the work and give
those who failed to attend before an
opportunity to hear the lectures and
learn Of the opportunities which Fir-
GINA offers to dairymen who Will de-
velop this industry anG supply the
great nome DEMAND IbF Iitith anu bAt~
ter The car is fitted ont like COM
plete dairy. and carries charts and
exhibits giving complete Information
bout dairying and its problems,
Milk samples win he tested and adj
vice given on all questions of inter-
est TO dairymen.
Following is the itinerary:
August Dates.
"a. Charlottesville. 25. Red Hill: Is,
Covesville: 81. Shipman; %, AIRING
ton; 90. Tye River; 81, Amherst.
September Dates.
i, Lynchburg; 2. Lawyer; 3. Ewing
ton. 4, Clarion; 8, Atavasta; 7. Greet
ma: s. Chatham: 9. Danvlle; 10, Cas-
cade: II. Draper; IL, Spray. "A, Stu
art: Is, Critz: Is, Spencer; Is, Mar
tinsville: II. Axton; IS, Sutherlin, 10
South Boston; 81. Wolf Trap. 90.
Glover: 23 brakes Branch; "a, Keys
Vile: 25 Meherrin. rs, Green BAY
IS. Burkesville: %. Jetersville, 80,
Amelia.
October Dates
I, ChuIa: 2, Mosely; 3. Lester Man
or: S. West Point 6. Chase City; I
Gainesville: s. Milton: 9, 'reffress. o..
Boydton; IL. South Hill; IS, Law
renceville: n, Emporia: Is. Clare
mont: is, Waverly; H. Capron: 10,
CORTLAND; 20, Franklin: 81, Holland;
22. Suffolk.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
Cultivate a Desire for Right.

The desire to do right should be Gull
ivated. Is whispering right? Why
notp This will appeal to a very little
child. 1t Is not SO much that chill
dren desire to do wrong, but that they
have not thought about an acts be-
ing wrong. One day n little girl was
Whispering and was becoming rather
noisy. Her teacher called her to her
size, and very quietly asked IL she
was being n good girl. She replied
that she was not. Her teacher asked
her if she would go back and be a
good girl. She said, Yes. I'll try
and not forget" This child was gain
Ing In seif-control and also desire
for right doing To be sure. she will
forget again, The growth in strength
of character is slow and II is harder
for some to resist temptation that II Is
for others. --Oklahoma School Her
aid.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23
WAR To SHOW NEW
WEALTH IN SOUTH
S OF OLD, CONFLICT AND oPpREs-
SION MEANS DISSEMINATION
TION OF LEARNING.
IIRGINIA'S RESOURCES
IND OF STRUGGLE WILL SIZE
SKILLED CHEMISTS COME TO
AMERICA AND AID GREAT
ER ELoPNENT.

AS greatly as every r.eht-thinkins
|erson must regret tie conflict which
destroying the wealth. manhood and
he industry 81 our gallant competi-
prs in trade aud while he under
lands that In The long run We must
lear a portion ~ the cost Of tha-
beat struggle. st3f} there are present
p 10 us opportunities for develop
tent o. which n pressing need forces
i to take advantage This IS this
lew held Ny Charles Cadet. OF Staun-
bu chemist and geo3aefst n ara article
the current Manufacturers Record
|he article goes on,
This is particularly true n the line
the chemical Industry and those
trms Of manufacture which are 50
|ranls dependea upon the peculiar
KIN az the chemist There is Uo
k.estion thai n this tire Germany has
Een Ere-enl .ueut And just a. IN the
fdea times the effect Of wars and op-
sir,u served occasionally 70 DIS
fW,nate learning 81 Ger reeds vii
axe rs develop The chemical Industry
wsy waah must haze . marked
ffE9EGt ob oar PetiHdftftt @fA ess =
|ert eH& Which VII attract - car
@s vh@n the conflict - over many
/ NJ chemists y "a nav" Hefh
. aes IN his work
] ne@t ohtr REFER - T." - m
SRI p. op"s tons "a&a V#t w
|3ubtedly receive sa ti@faet9rH solution
tbs country IL fhe ceusie5 which
kust ae~l5uS'y impair. f Hot destroy,
|a~ryggr1-f4 chemical industry rs ara-
|ngfd
Potash In @0nfh
Much has is*sfi sala H. the re- pFFS
co. in&hl!AIY ~ tf1e httta states
/ E@t potash III p 4"ttF = ~ 9ta
|eTMar% &4N IN" amy @t't'5t'F 81 3tS 81
fa&a potash %0aNh ~ hs'e"1'r Stt W.
ut only have various Po$9 ne sources
/ this country among fa&iA nv ssfeA'.
tldspar s1 ah@naan a@Fefoh@o
|gnE he lne q tHt cine o'is,ia RAJ
PAD ja N"TtF caro- ara. 20 t'1s, Se''t
te nlse IVES saffs taFA1 aug ~
|ofash wn-ch "e aFf 'E'tE mo-
f1a Eice no" w. pfli4@e ~ ~ f'.ft''
f. di'3f3l metH0iS ne t't.t't-
i}s s.VtN@ o4s ef'oi MUS 9tt8aE
'ass.am salts. varying some
H. VAIN the character Of the raw
fa'f ,sea. and wfteA tt+efd
r. W ea @tyNa' aug e
egi7e Of necessity "e may pro-
Ve TheHe aee pre-
Narea thousa ~ to9s ".4Nii
nj rs driven through the siReNs ~
ie cement companies " - as"
Hru tahte th2t any req " ',1'l
h would take pi3ee III lhe A"tl',
Ion ~ saUb'w potash IS CONNER 1t@'
FIR Aver wlB not re noticed ~ fEle
Eens9eyftEf development when rs t0ff'~
BIZ ~ oar agricultural eeHlfhh'l'At :.
" fbe increased use OF i'm" IN -
|ars0us forms.
IN a visit 10 the AarishahurE l4aH.
Il the Security Cement ana Lime 8 .
Law or two ago ! passed a CORN me-"
(htch was SO rensark abSf ~ 49,
i anything which ! have seen ~ ma
BORON or III the valley OF 80
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

1t Is estimated that the amount OF
capital invested In Swiss hotels and
restaurants is SITS, 100000. and that
these Adjustments employ more
than 10, 600 persons.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

In New York city certificate fA
Issued to all moving picture theatera
which are properly ventilated. ana
the public Is asked 10 patronize only:
those which display the certificate.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

The municipal authorities 81 Ber-
lin have forbidden men 10 smoke
while driving automobiles. ruling that
many accidents have been due TO
the practice,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

II has been learned at Nassau that
group OF Miami (Fla.l and New
York financial firms will establish
an American steamship service be-
tween Miami. Nassau and Honduran
ports, 1t will be chartered as the
Florida and Bahamas Steamship
! company.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

At an expenditure exceeding S10.-s
00D, 5000 london win build dock
ample enough TO accommodate any
merchant steamer affnat or which will
be likely TO enter the Thames ~:
Haaay Year, to. Gomez 4
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

In 1911 the population OF Canada,
.2os.643. was distributed AS to origin
hiefiy as follows. British. 3,s96,9So,
french. 2.054.s90; German, 3s3-32o;
ustria- Hungarian f29.103; Scandi-
avian. io75S5; Indian, los, 492, and
ewish s.6S1.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

Germany has 1i3 stock companies
in textiles, capitalized for an agEre-
gate Of $sl.5ls.ooo.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

1t has been discovered that the
Aaf OF the p<aeapple plant can be
brought into q serviceable cloth.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-08-23

Russia now has 1886 manufac-
turing establishments employing
Al61,1s1 operatives
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
y % in d n ne mecu OF thai cumy


thousand years ago. practised human
sacrifice AS did the British druids. Even
so. this deliberate blood sacrifice OF the
Aztecs was intrins!cally no moro inhu-
man than the martyr hOlocausts "a
Smirhheld, the massacre of St Barthol-
omew or tho complicated cruelties of
the Spanish 1nquisltion.
The history of Mexico is the history
OF IA class struggle in which the oppos-
ing classes, master class and working
class, are OF distinct bloods. traditions
and psychologists, with the balance of
racial development entirely in favor of
tho latter. Thus all that we know of
the evil that Is Mexican IL the product
Of "A small, parasitic and originally alien
section OF the nation. and all that We
know Of the good that Ia Mexican (and
the world in general knows little
enough)-the arts. the crafts. the
poetry, the gentleness and good faith,
the heroic struggle for democracy--is
the product OF the working class native
races.
Bearing these simple basic facts In
mind the maze Of Mexican history may
be- threaded with ease. 1t is "A record
of profound significance and dramatic
interest, the record Of struggle for
racial expression and economic freedom
on the part of an oppressed people, UNI
usually gifted. Of abandoned valor, OF
wonderful human kindness and gentle
ness--a struggle carried on against the
most bloodthirsty and depraved master
class the world has ever witnessed
The first action of Daz in power was
the establishment of military rule. with
the consequent forcible expulsion from
Congress OF every representative who
insisted on expressing the will Of the
people, or who refused to be bought
Thus was the national council reduced
az in the days of Bustamante to IAN
assembly of lackeys," Tho governors
who refused to yield mp the indepcnd-
ence OF their States were arrested by
the soldiery and ilung into Jail and their
places were filled by military command
ers. At first. In view of the great
strength of the agrarlan democratic
States OF the north and south, their In
dependence was respected, but strong
military contingents were dispatched to
garrison their principal cities and to
watch for an opportunity To- force them
into line with the new regime The sit
uation thus produced was similar in
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

the Mexican ruling class have invoked
foreign Intervention In order to pre-
serve their own power.
What Lhe people in Mexico have
fought for from the first war of inde-
pendence and what they are lighting
for now Is the right to buy, own and
till small farms. Mexico. except dur
Ing the presidency Of JuareZ had been
IA country OF absentee landiordism on
Il vast scale. In fact, in 1910 prac-
tically the whole OF Mexico was owned
by only 200 families, and 50 per cent.
OF the total population titled this land
as poems in the service of these 200 fam
lies without the right to buy land for
themselves. Although the poems were
starving, thousands and thousands of
acres OF this privately owned land were
never allowed to be put under cultiva-
ton.
1t is commonly supposed. say the au-
thors. that the Mexican race is made up
OF degraded half castles, the joint prod
uct of the most backward nation in Eu-
rope (the SPANISH and the primitive
savages of the southern portion OF
North America. None of the popular
superstitions in regard to Mexico could
be more falsely cruel. The Aztecs, Toll
tees, Zapotecs, Mistecs, Mayas and allied
races which made up the entire popula-
ton Of Mexico at the time Of the con-
quest still constitute 60 per cent. OF the
population, and in spite of the fact that
they have been compelled to adopt
Spanish names and the Spanish Ian
Ruage, this 60 per cent. OF the nation -
the working class of MeNlco-still re-
tain their ancient blood in all Its purity
Again, these peoples are not Indians,
Modern archaeological and pathological
research bears emphatic witness to tho
fact that they are ethnologically as re-
mote from the wild nomads Of North
America as are the so-callcd white
races themselves. At the time of the
conquest they were in full enjoyment
of a civilization greatly superior In
many respects to that Of Teutonic
Europe. and certainly superior in every
respect to that of the Spanish nation
which subjugated and enslaved them
Much has been written. particularly by
Spanish historians. of the barbarous
religious practices ~ these native races.
1t is true that tho degraded native
priesthood. who founded their wisdom
religion In Mexico more than three
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

many respects To- the clerical military
despotisms of Bustainanta and Santa
Ana. and now. as then. men who were
neither priests nor soldiers We're the
real brains ~ the Government. If
Santa Ana had his Lucas .tlaman TO in
Struct him in paths pleasant to the
Church. Poriirip Diaz had his Justo
Bcnlte2 TO instruct him in the paths
pleasant to the foreign Spectator. In
both cases was there an alliance of
stupidity and fcrocity with polished
craft and suhtility.
In the race for plumber the United
States spectators outdIstanced all COM
petitors. Scarcely had the ohedent
Congress proclaimed D!az President of
Mexico than the agents OF tho American
railroad interests appeared upon the
scene to demand tho immediate reward
of their services IN placing him in
power. Diaz WAS as prompt to comply
as they 10 demand and free hand con-
cessions To build two main lines. one
from Laredo and tho other from FL
paso to Mexico city were Immediately
handed over to them.
by tho terms of these concessions
they We're allowed to choose their own
routes and to build the lines without
Government supervision. Free lands
were given them for the rights Of way,
together with construction subsidy of
$4,000 per kilometer on level ground
and $4,000 per kilomcter in rough
country When we consider that the
Mexican dollar at that time was ut par
with the American dollar. that the com.
pany used only the cheapest OF materials
in the construction of the line and had
moreover tho advantage Of forced labor
at SO cents a day; when We consider
also that they built the line in the
most tortuous fashion possible In order
to increase the total mileage and thus
the total subsidy. and when finally we
consider that this concession was only
the first of long series of such granted
by Diaz to the American railroad in
terests in return for their support and
a personal share Of tho profits. we shall
appreciate tho anxiety Of these inter-
csts to place him in power, to sustain
him In power and to hold him up he
fore the eyes of the world as n dcmigod,
a modern Messiah the Maker Of Mex
ico,"
With the granting of these railroad
concessions. however. the Diaz Govern
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

tics of tho new regime. a characteristic
that has lasted To the present day, was
the complete license allowed to Coy
crnment employees in the manipulation
of the public money From tho lay
that Dlaz came into power as the rep
rescntative of American interests "a
1876 tu the day he fled To Paris in 1919
organized corruption reigued unchecked
In the affairs OF the Administration.
and not Il single case OF emhc2llsmcut.
malfeasance, graft or misapprupriation
in connection with the handling OF the
public funds has ever been prosecuted
in the courts. In this way widely
extended and infinitely ramfyinG col
fusion OF interests was established be-
tween the official class and the spccu-
lators, merchants, manufacturers and
land owners, DcspOt!sm feeds upon cor
ruption. This system which found It's
master eXponents in the Scientificos of
recent years was no accident. II was
a deliberate community OF crime reach
ing insidiously to the most remote and
unsupported quarters, which patterned
as il grew and grew as IL hattcned.
In its ultimate form II became "a vast
and. in n financial sense world wide,
conspiracy for the support OF the Daz
faction III Mexico and the most thor
oush exploitation OF the Mexican
people
Guadalupe Victoria, tho first republic
can President of Mexico, contracted "A
Government loan with English bankers
for $40 900 600, of which only the sum
Of 100000, 900 was actually subscribed.
Tho 3 per cent, interest on this loan
had been paid more or less regularly
during the Clerical regime, but thanks
To the collision of the church with the
English creditors represented by McssrS,
J. de I.aXardi N 60. this original amount
Of tircntN million dollars hGd increased
on Stculthy NCrCmCats ~ the enormous
H0urc 81 SiTtU-ninP million dOiidrs.
The $4,000 900 which represented the
imitation had been secured by the Eng
lish bankers at the comparatively tri-
fling expenditure OF few million dol
lars in Judicious brbcs distributed
among the various Ministers and Prcsi-
dents Of the Clerical regime. None OF
II ever reached the national treasury.
II was the suspension Of interest on
this inflated credit, Il will he rcmem-
hercd, which formed Eng'and's prctcNt
Tor Joining with France and Spain in the