davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
SOUTHERN RAILWAY
PREMIER CARRIER OF IhE
SOUTH.
IN effect JaDuarv is. Is


In Effect January is, 1914.
N. B.--F0lloWing schedule fgnres
are published only as information sps
are not guaranteed.
Trainn leave Unio2 Static2, AieE-
andria.
?:47 A. NJ, Daily-Local between
Washington & Danville delivers con-
nection daily except Sunday ct Or
ange to C. & O., No. 400 for Gordons-
vile and Richmond.
SAT A. M.-Daily-Local for Har-
rsonburg and way stations. Buffet
pa.ior car.
9:O7 A. M.-Daily-u. S. Fast Mail
stops only for passengers to points
south to which scheduled to stop.
First class Coaches; Sleeping cars to
Birmingham and New Orleans. Din
ing car service. Stops st Calyer-
ton to let off Warrentou branch pass
engers.
i0:57 A. M.-Daily-Mail train,
coaches for Manassas; Warrenton,
Charlottesville, Lynchburg, Danvll!a
and Greensboro. Sleeping car from
Greensboro to Atlanta,
d:22 P. M.-Week day-limiteo toE
Warrenton, Charlottesville aud Hsr-
Tisonburg.
452 ?. NJ, Daily - Birmingham
Special. Sleeping cars between NE"
York, Atlanta, ColurnbuL,- Annlston.
Birmingham. Through first class
coaches between Washington, Attain
"a and Birmingham, Dining car ser
Vice. ourist to California daily.
3:52 ?. M.-Week day. Limited
for Harrisorburg and way stations
on Manassas branch, also for War
renton. Pullman Buffet parIor cars,
Sig p. M.--Except Surday-Locaj
for warrcnton.
S:12 P. M.-The sc1thern's South
eastern Limited, for Asheville, Co
!umbia, Charleston, Aiken. Augusta,
Savannah ard Jacksonville. Through
Pullman Drawing room sleeping
cars, coaches, dining cars
HOP A. M.-Daily-Atlanta Spe,
cial. Solid Pullman train, sleeping
cars to Asheville, Charlotte. Atlanta
and Macon. Dining Ger Service.
1927 ?. Observation-Disclosures
ami Chattanooga Limited (Via Lynch
burg.) First class coaches and sleep,
ing cars to Roanoke, Knoxville
Chattanooga. Sleeper to New Or
Jeans, Washington 10 Roanoke. DIN
ing car service.
1902 P. M.-Dai!y-New York
and New Orleans Limited. al Pull
man train. Club and Observation
cars to New Orleans. Dining Cal
% 4:27 A. M.-Daily- Memphis ape.
cial. Sleeping car and coaches fol
Roanoke, Knoxville, Nashville, Chat
tanooga, and Memphis. Dining Ca!
service. Washington sleeping carr
open &c p. m.
For detailed schedule, figures,
tickets, Pullman reservations, ETC.
~NN WILLIAM G. LEBBW,
Union ticket agent Alexandra, Va
Z. II. COAPMAlN, Yice-Pres., arf
General Manager. q -
S. H. HARDWICK, Pass. Trag
Z. f.. CARY. Gen b. Pass, Agent
L. S. BROWN, Gsn'l. Agent.
Q. -. U-GTD URI, Asst. Cen. Ag'
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14

lin tile great majority Of towns. sh(l
|does not realize how much dlpio-.
macy and. enthusiasm it takes t
organize these little anarchists in:
to a working body. For these
qualities, ten dollars week is com.
monty considered fair compensa
ton, and seven Of this sum goes
flor board.
The average teacher has to han,
die too many children. In crowd.
led room. discipline alone is a We
proposition. Then in a five hour
session there is only about seven
minutes per pupil for instruction
The public school child gets his
education largely by hearing the
Eothers recite. But the others may
not ask the questions that bother
your boy. ~ @
Better work is done in some pr'-
waite schools, but not because PEG
pie with more money can h'y
brains for their children. \ pet
ted child is little loafer. The pr
waite school teacher has fewer CHI
dren TO look after, consequently she
can lead them as individuals. docs
not have to drive them as Il nerd:
Many tax payers in Alexandra
say that the schools have reached
the limit of expenses. There is
certainly much truth in this but we
do not see how the city is going
to stop along educational lines
The new high school will relieve
the congestion and give more room
for the pupils but it should be rem
embered that there is no use III
having a new building and more
room unless we are also prepared
to incur the expense of providing
teachers who will have more time
to give some individual attention
to the boys and girls under her
charge.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14

Don't worry about wash day. Send
your family wash to The Alexandria
Laundry and have it done right.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
BROKE ANKLE IN ACCIDENT

Mrs. Elizabeth G. neahl, resi-
dent of this city. now on visit to
friends in Clarke county. was the
victim of painful accident a few
days ago. Mrs. Dcah! and several
of her friends were riding in a Carl
age near Bcrryville when tie horse
attached to the vehicle became fright
ned by an automobile and collided
with a tree, throwing the occupants
out. Mrs. Deahf was more seriously
hurt than others of the party, the
latter escaping with bruises.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
ANNUAL MEETING

The annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Union Building Co.
for the election Of officers and di-
rcctors fer the ensuing year will
be held at the office Of the COM
pany, 123 south Royal street, Alex
and.ia, Va, on Monday, September
21st. 1914 at II o'clock A. NJ.
NJ. NJ. PARKER, PRESIDENT.
LOUIS BEYER, JR. Secretary
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
Potomac and Chesapeake
Steamboat Company.
Effective May 1, 1914.

Effective May 1, 1914.
(Subjcct to change without notice.
STEAMER FRED'K DE barry
Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday,
leaves Alexandria at 600 4. N. for
Massey's and intermediate landings.
Returning, MONDAY, Wednesday and
Friday, arriving in Alexandria about
$3.50 P. NJ.
STEAMER WAKEFIELD
Monday and Wednesday leaves
Alexandria at P. NJ. for Parharn's
Point and intermediate landings.
Returning Tuesday and Thursday, ar
irving in Alexandria carly Wednes-
day and Friday mornings.
STEAMER WAKEFIELD
Saturday, leaves Alexandra at
500 A. N. for Nomini and interme-
date landings. Returning Sunday;
arriving in Alexandria about ";oO
2. NJ.
STEAMER VOLUNTEER
Leaves Alexandria every Gay, eX-
cept Monday at $50 A. N. for Grind
ers and intermediate landings, Ar
rivcs in Alexandria on return trip
about 4:3O P. II.
Telephone No. SO.
Reardon & Grimes, Agents.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
COLONIAL BEACH
Washingtou's Atlantic City.
STEAMER ST. JOHNS

Leaves Cameron Street wharf
every day, except Mondays, a. 9:39
A. II. Saturdays at 300 r NJ.
Dancing on the oversee pier. Board
walks. saltwater bathing, fishing,
grabbing, all amusemcnts.
Sundays-Adults, 81: children Soc.
Only season tickets sold.
Week Days-Aduits, SOC; children
Csc. Returning game day. Sea1gE
.ickettc clEo EelI.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-09-14
IN THE BUSINESS WORLD
Snappy Items of Interest for the
Busy Man or Woman who Want
to Keep Well Informed.

High class ammunition, all varie-
ties, and loads at the most reasona-
Bile prices. W. E. Balm, corner of
King and Royal Streets.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
FIVE HUNDRED
RECALL CARDS
CHECKED OVER
Work on Petitions to Gust
Commissioners Going on
Day and Night.

With Deputy Circuit Clerk Johnson
and an assistant working all day and
late into the night, 1t is believed that
the checking of cards submitted by the
Recall Committee will be completed in
time for formal notification of the city
commissioners at the next regular
meeting on August 3. Nearly five hun
dred of the cards submitted with the
Pou petition have been checked with
the polling list, and when the check
ing is completed all will have to be
gone over a second time to decide the
qualification question.
The work is being done thoroughly
and careful data is being kept for pos
siole use in case of legal action. There
were $500 names on the city election
lists last year, while this year the
Lists contain but 1851, a discrepancy
w nich adds TO the volume OF work
which must be done before the petit
tious can be certified. Work upon tnc
Greenhut petition has not yet been
taken up, but will probably be started
tonight Friday.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
FRENCHTROOPS
MOVED TOPO|NT
NEAR FRONTIER
Military Guard Over Big
Mills and FoOdstuffs
In Reserve.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Paris, July 29.-France continues
quietly TO prepare for war. The troops
of the active army are gradually con-
Centrating near the frontier.
A military guard has been placed in
the great flour mills at Corbeil, near
Paris, which in the event of war would
be taken over by the army. Bakers in
Paris are laying in large stocks Of -four
and the city authorities started form
ing today a reserve store of 5000 tons
Of flour.
General surveillance over Austrians
and Germans in Paris, where mi.ny
thousands of them reside, is being
exercised by the police department.
The prefect of police today ordered
the 6isc0ntinuanCe Of the service OF
the public a tables in sidewalks in
consequence of disorders.
The government made an appeal to
the press to keep calm and to verify
it's news concerning the crisis before
publishing.
AdOlpne MesSimy. minister of war,
today visited the military wireless sta
tion on the Eiffel tower and ordered
the staff to be doubled
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Dr.. Brink Says Public is
Kept Fully Informed
Daily.
VALUABLE WORK BY
FLORIDA DOCTORS
This State the Only One
Taking Great Interest in
the Work OF Rat Eradica-
ton as a Preventative
Measure.

Dr +. \. l}r!nI.. local DactcrIolugist,
who spent some time in New Orleans.
returned Yesterday ana assumed
charge of the laboratory a. the city
hall. 1t was not many moments after
he reached the office before hc was
engroSSed in the work Of examining
ia is which were returned to the mum
br of 112 during the day.
"One thing can lie said of the plague
situation in New Orleans" he said II
a Journal representatives and that -
the world is learning OF the progress
that is being made and of every de
velopment ~ that city; nothing is kept
under cover, and AS soon as anything
new develops. it is Immediately mace
public. And believe that the num-
her of cases, which IS now orly thir-
teen, vii! never reacl one hundred.
"One thing - CPrtaIn--the rat cam
paign is being conducted along ener-
getic lines, and all sections Of the lily
are being Comhed for tne rodents. !.
myself. went through course Of ro-
dentoloeY, as pr. Fucker calls it, and
also went through the other lines Of ac-
tivity there. The people are deter
mined to stamp IL out and are CO.
operating with the eNIerts Of the SCR
vice in every way. All this leads 90 the
belief that the disease is likely 10 20
stamped out promptly"
Florida. it was asserted, was about
the only state which showed great in
tercst in the existence Of the piHgUf
at New Orleans. At one time three
competent men were on the ground.
two remaining over until yesterday
to represent the Florida Health Board.
DR.. DAlemberte. DIR. Brink of Pensa-
cola, and DIR. Diggett OF Tallahassee,
We're those on the ground from Florida
DR.. D'Alemberte was summoned to
Pensacola in advance or Jnc other two
experts, for the purpose of acting az
port physician during the absence or
Or Mallory Kennedy, who made the
trip to Jacksonville, to attend tho
meeting of the State Health Board.
ALL WATCHED THE WORK.
All the Florida physicians were in
the midst of the war. and watched
every development, from the manner
and means employed in trapping the
rats, to the actual experiments upon
the captured rodents I'm the labOTa-
tories. The work is in charge OF DR..
Rucker, from Washington, who has
surrounded himself with the best and
most experienced men in the public
health service. AL are wor&jnG with
one end III view. and that is not only
of stamping out the disease as now
known. but also Of hunting out every
source of infection and making tho
city clean and in the most healtnful
state.
''It will take time 10 frame and en-
act the ordinance relative to making
the city rat-proof," said DR.. Brink, put 8
this is the step now being taken. ard OF +!
Course will be carried through sue 9
cessfully."
Every phase Of the work in New
Orleans by the experts was seen Z
hrst hand by Or. Brink, and he comes
back filled with ideas which may even .
tuslIy be recommended for adoption
here.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Only Political Miracle Can
Avert a General War
In Europe
CARS MANIFESTO
HOURLY AWAITED
Germany Fears That Rus
sia is Proceeding Secretly
Against Her = Official
Conference at Berlin -
England is Not Yet
*Worried.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

ST. Petersburg, July 29.-Accordins
to Russian opinion only a political
miracle can avert a general war, for
Russia does not swerve from her de-
termination to support Servia. Partial
mobilization of troops has already been
ordered and there is every indication
that the vast military machinery will
be in motion soon. An imperial mani
fcsto is awaited tonight.
Should; Emperor Nicho,as become
generalisimo OF the forces, as it is un-
derstood he will, an immense wave of
enthusiasm will sweep Russia. Polit-
ical parties have sunk their differences
and the general attitude Is not JlrSo-
listic but one of resolute confidence in
the justice Of the Country'S cause and
readiness to make all sacrifices.
The proposal attributed to Austria
to discuss terms of peace when Bel
grade las been occupied is regarded
as impossible. 1t is pointed out that
before the opening of hostilities Rus
sia proposed to Austria direct eX-
change Of views, which Austria re-
Jected.
(Note-The foregoing dispatch was
passed by the censor without revision,
which is regarded as highly signifi-
cant)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
CORRESPONDENT
WILL Be EX|lEO
FROM VERA CRUZ
Sent Out Law of Flight
Story, Since Proven
To be False.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS

Washington, July 29-Secretary
Carlson announced today that he would
direct Brigadier General Funston at
Vera Cruz to deport from Mexico Fred
L. Boalt, a correspondent for the News
paper Enterprise Association, who sent
out a sensational story that an Ameri-
can naval officer applied the claw OF
flight to Mexican prisoners. A court
of inquiry pronounced the story false.
There was absolutely no truth in
his story said Secretary Garrison to-
day, "and he had no reason 10 think it
was true. 1t was a pure. sheer, reCk-
less publication and Boalt is not err
titled to be considered a reputable COR
respondent
The time md r7arnef of EoaIt's de-
portatlon viii be left with General
Funston.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
RUSSIA MODELLING

London, July 29.-There was no re-
lief from the suspense nor any diplo-
matte achievement to restrict the Aus
tro-Servian war to the two nations
today Throughout England and the
tinctly more anxious than yesterday.
Direct negotiations between Russia
and Austria have failed ana Russia is
mobilizing against the Austrian from
tier four army corps in each of four
districts, consisting Of one million two
hundred and eighty thousend men
Russias resolution to stand by SerVia
Is apparently fixed and q manifesto
by the emperor making his policy clear
is expected hourly. There is the great
est anxiety as to whether Russia will
confine mobilization to the Austrian
frontier or is proceeding secretly
against Germany.
The first important fighting was be-
fore Belgrade today when the SerVians
blew up the bridge across the river.
The Austrians attacked and the Ser
vians retreated to the capital which
the AuStrians borlbaI dcd. A heavy
artillery duel is reported tonight three
miles south of Belgrade
The British government continues in
the attitude that the crisis does not
concern Great Britain yet save as
spectator and a peace maker. An Of
fetal statement tonight says that no
measures have been taken by the mill
tary authorities in the nature of mo-
bilization and that the only orders
given were purely precautionary.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
MEXICAN PEACE
DEPENDS UPON
PRES. CARBAJAL
Unconditional Surrender is
Still Demanded by
CarranZa.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, July 29.-Direct word
from Ca-ranza announcing, IF Carba-
jai offers to surrender Internationally
l believe the present situation in Mex
ico will soon be satisfactorily solved
was received by the Constitutionaiist
Juan2ta here tonight.
Confirmation Of reports that q
friendly understanding lad been
reached between Zapata and Carranza
were tonight received by the Junta
II was declared that Zapata would quit
activities against cities in the neigh
borhocd Of the capital ard cooperate
with Carrauza.
Carranza reached Monterey today
from Tampico.
Huerta and other Mexican refugees
leave Kingston Sunday for Spain on
4 chartered steamer.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Uncle Joe VIII
Try Once More
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Danvlle. Ill, July 29.-Joseph G..
Cannon, former speaker of the national
house Of representatives today formal =
IL announced his candidacy for con-
gress,nan from the Eighteenth Illinois
district His announcement reads in
part:
II had not sought the nomination,
but l agreed to become a candidate
subject only to the primary election on
September 9. If nominated, 1 will make
a vigorous campaign for my election.
II another republican shall be chosen
I will make a vigorous campaign for
his election
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
WILSON TRYING
TO BRING PEACE
President Endeavoring to
Settle New York Political
Differences.
RY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, July 29.--Seek'rG to
have President Wilson define his atti-
tude in the differences between factions
of New York Democrats. fifteen mem
bers of the New York City delegation
in congress, headed by Representative
Fitzgerald came to the White House
today.
A telegram from Dudley Field Ma
lone, collector of the port Of New York
was received by Mr.. Fitzgerald today
saying that since his activities were
expected to be taken up at the meeting
! he would like to be present. Mr.
Malone however. mad not asked the
president for an appointment.
The plan at the White House was 10
hold the conference behind Ciosed
doors and not to give out any state
ment afterward.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
TRUTH IS TOLD ABOUT
NEW ORLEANSPLAGUE
TRIAL OF CANAL
MONDAY: FORMAL
OPENING AUG. Is.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS

Panama, July 29.-
Governor Goethals an
nounced today that the
first ocean going vessel
would pass through the
Panama Canal Monday
when the steamer Crysto-
bal goes from Colon to
Balboa. The trip will be
made to test the lock op-
Grafton and the ding
Of large vessels in the ca
nal turns and places
where there are strong
currents.
General Goethal's has
stated that the official
opening to the worlds
would be by the order of
Secretary Garrison, on
August Is. when the
Steamer Ancon will make
1he first official trip from
deep water in the Atlantic
to deep water in the Paci-
ic.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
MARKETS STEADY
IN FACE OF ALARMING NEWS
Wheat Declines Over Four
teen Cents on the
Chicago Exchange
New York Gives Little
Heed to Conditions
In Europe
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Chicago July 29.-Partly because the
encperors of Germany and Russia a"e
seeking a method to preserve peace,
the wheat market today eluded any in
stance of failure, and fluctuations " ere
confined to a half hour at the start
and approaching collapse at the finish.
Trading was less than quarter OF
yesterdays record and the light volume
caused a decline of fourteen and one
nalf cents.
The closing scenes today ,ontr5sted
greatly with yesterdays wild furore.
Sales were light AMI prices of wheat
al the lowest level of the session.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
CAPE COD CANAL
OPEN TO TRAFFIC
Formal Exercises Held At
Buzzard's Bay
Wednesday
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Buzzards Bay, Mass, July 29. - A
fleet of government torpedo boat de-
stroyers and submarines, private
yachts and excursion boats gathered
here today for the passage through
the Cape Cod canal which was 10
mark the formal opening Of the new
waterway connecting Buzzards Bay
with Cape Cod bay. At the head OF
the fleet was the yacht, Scout, owned
by August Belmont of New York,
president of the company which con-
structed and will operate the canal.
The fleet passed through the canal
to the eastern entrance in Cape Cod
bay and Immediately returned. For,
NAL exercises were held in the after-
noon with addresses by Mr.. Belmont,
Governor Walsh and others. 4
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
DIR. KENNEDY TO
STUDY PLAGUE

SPECIAL TO THE JOURNAL.
Jacksonville, Fla. July 29.-Dr.
3 r. Mallory Kennedy, at the
request of DR.. Joseph Y. Porter.
state health officer for Florida, mas
been requested to proceed at once
to New Orleans to study the bu-
bonic plague. IIr. Kennedy re-
ceived notification to this effect this
afternoon from Surgeon General
Blue and left here tonight enroute
to New Orleans. via Pensacola. He
will report to DR.. Rucker, govern
inent expert il charge of the work
at New Orleans. upon arrival and
every facility Tor studying the dis
ease will ye placed at his disposal.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Toronto Aviator
Explains Mystery
Of Lake Ontario
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS

St GATHERINGS, Ont, July 29.-The
mystery of the deserted hydro aero
plane found floating in Lake Ontario
Yesterday and tnwed into Port Dali
housie was solved with the arrival
mere today of r. Il. Russell, Toronto
aviator. Russell said be discovered his
gasoline was exhausted when he was
1.200 feet in the air ana six miles from
the south shore Of Lake Ontario He
made n quick landing in the water and
was picked up by a passing steamer
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Wiling to Hear
From Roosevelt
In re Colombia
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS

Warrington, july 29.-The senate
foreign relations committee today de-
cided to inform Colonel Roosevelt, in
response to his request for a hearing
in opposition TO the treaty to pay CO.
lonibia s25.O00,O00 for the partition of
Panama, that ne would be heard when
ever the committee determined to take
up the convention. Senator's, said,
however that it was not probable that
any further consideration of the treaty
woulG be had at this session Of con-
EreSS.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Believe Warbure
Will be Accepted
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, July 29-Paul NJ. War
alburg, whose nomination to the Fed
eral Reserve Board has been held up,
communicated with the White House
today. 1t was later announced that
he would appear before the senate
banking committee, which wishes to
investigate his qualifications for the
office. 1t is the general belief in the
senate that the committee will favor
ably report upon his nomination.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
Daring HoMubs
In YELLOWSTONE
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Gardiner. Wyoming, July 29.-United
States Cava,rymen, trappers and for
esters are securing the Yellowstone
Park tonight hunting fer two men with
rifles who held up twenty-five coach
loads of tourists today and took the
money Of one hundred and sixty five
passengers.
AS fast as one coach was held up it
was ordered to drive on and the fol-
lowing one was held up III rotation
The hold-ups occurred near the hotel
in Spring Creek canon in the upper
geyser basin.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-07-30
NEW YORK UNDIsTURBED.

Ne Wy Ork, July 29.-WhiIe the eN-
changes of The world were either closed
OF in a chaotic condition today. the
New York exchange gave no heed to
alarming European conditions, where
all classes of securities including gov
eminent bonds fell to lower levels. The
local market not only took further
f0reien offerings in large volume, but
bought heavily on it's own account.
Gold engagements might probably
have been larger but for the high rates
o. insurance fixed by the marine COM
panies. The war risi. was fixed al five
thousand dollars per one million
shipped, as against twelve hundred and
fifty dollars the previous day.