Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1914-08-20
POPE OF ROME
BREATHES HIS LAST
AT EARLY HOUR


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ln,arkable event in the last pontificatc.
and of which many have attributed
.the responsibility to Plus X. while the
.bostlllties had already begun under
Leo XIII.
France found imi,ators in spain,
which passed in parliament bils
against the religious congregations
.and the clergy. leading TO the reca
Of the spanleh ambassador accredited
10 the Holy See; and In Portugal,
where the republic proclaimed on oc-
tober Q. 1910, brought about a com
plete separation between church and
state. the expulsion OF the religious
,congregations and the confiscation OF
their properties.
While such serious crises were TAX
ling place between the Vatican and
lscme of the Latin countries, which
had been known in history as the most
tfaithful to the lioly See, the relations
with Italy While maintaining In the
ioutslde form the usual character OF
hostility. were in substancs much more
cordial
| II would take long To cnumcrate all
the reforms OF a religious character
Initiated by Plus \, such as thut Of
restoring the Gregorian chants. OF
preaching every Sunday from a text
from the Bihle. himself giving the
good example by having as long as his
strength allowed him, the faithful OF
1.-THE different parishes OF Rome In the
courtyard of san Damaso to hear him
explain the gospel story, and carrying
out one after the other as pope the
same IDEAS and principles which he
' had professed and advocated as bishop
and patriarch one Of his undertake
ings will leave an important mark In
the history of the papacy-thc codifi-
lcat.on of ccclcsiastc law. lie entrust-
ed the work to an illustrious scholar
In Canon law. Mgr. Pietro Gasparri,
on whom he conferred the Red Hat in
December. 1907. Another cpoch-
making task was that OF the revision
of the vulgate, which he confidcd to
Father Aidan Gasquct, abbot-presi-
dent of the English Bencdlctinc con.
gregation, so well known as learned
historian.
Plus \ was determined to restore
THE most iron discipline among the
clergy. and this led to an unrelenting
campaign against that section of &C.
clesiastics who professcd unorthodox
lopinens and were called Modernists
The encyclical promulgated on Sep
TENDER 8, 1897, condemned the Mod
crnists and their doctrines.
Following this several leaders of the
Modernist movement we're excom-
munic ated in italy England and Ger
many. The pope displayed even great
cr energy on November IS. 1897 when
he reaffirmed the necessity of combat
ting by every possible means the spirit
of rebellion, and ordered the bishops
To watch and II necessary 10 dismiss
the professor infected with the con-
demned doctrines and to prevent from
taking orders those students who were
suspected of sympathzing with the
movement
New rebellons broke out. and Plus
X went further in the struggle. with
a new encyclical. in May. 1903, and
more SO by imposing the anti-modern-
| list oath on all ecclesiastics.
/ The pontiff reused a storm of OPP
position to himself entirely unexpect-
ed, by his encyclical against the Prot
estants in general and those Of the
German reformation in particular, on
the occasion of the centennial of st.
Charles Borromeo.
Another very important reform due
/ to Plus X Is that of the Roman Curia,
which was still ruled by the Bull of
Sxtus V of January, 1858. With this
he reformed the offices. the ecclcsias-
tical courts and the Roman congrega-
tons Withdrawing America. Canada,
Newfoundland. Great Britain, Hol-
land and Luxembourg. from the jur-
isdiction of Propaganda Eide remov-
ing them therefore from among the
missionary countries and putting them
together with the rest OF the Catholic
world, under the Consistorial soongre-
cation.
To Americans Plus X was especially
! interesting. His great friendship for
this country, his frequent audiences
to Americans. both Catholic and nom
Catholic. and his interest In American
affairs kept him in closer touch with
this side of the Atlantic than perhaps
any pontiff that has preceded him. He
was an ardent admirer Of Theodore
Roosevelt, and had the ex-president's
writings translated for reading. yet.
as will be recalled. events accruing at
| the time Of Mr. Roosevelt's visit to
Rome led to the cancellation Of his
visit to the Vatican. Former Vice
President Charles w Fairbanks had
a somewhat similar experience.