davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-05-24

sorrowng hack 10 that sad 14th OF April when the
republic. Tie occasion will be observed to some
extent of general prayer. and the voice OF
the pulpit which deplores our past misfortunes
will not fail 10 be lifted in appeal TO the Divine
Mercy for guidance and protection in the difhcult
path we have still to tread.
This notice gives us some idea of the
reverence felt for Lincoln at this time
in the north. Since his reelection to
the presidency in the fall of 1864. he
had been more and more loved and rev.
erenced in the north. His policy.
With malice toward none. with char
ity for ALL" had made manifest no.
bility of character which was recog-
nized and respected even in the south.
The greatest possible calamity TO the
when he heard of the assassination.
Johnston, at the time of the assassina-
ton, had not surrendered, but the war
had practically ended. when, few days
before the assassination, Lee had sur
rendered at AppomatoX. Grant, by his
determined efforts and continued ham
mering," had, April B. forced Lee to give
up his guarding of Richmond. AS a nat
ural consequence, Davis at once fled from
Richmond. and on the same day the
Stars and Stripes waved over the white
House Of the Confederacy.'
The readiness with which the soldiers
of the civil war became quiet citizens
at the close Of the war greatly puzzled
foreigners at that time. Foreigners do
not realize that 1t has never been the
policy Of our people to maintain large
standing army. The soldiers of the
Union and the soldiers of the Confed-
eracy were nearly all volunteers. Both
armies were composed, in the main, OF
law-abiding men. who left their homes In
obedience to what they thought was their
duty. The contest was one OF principie:
not one of personal revenge. The mat
ter being settled. they were ready to re-
turn to their accustomed occupations.
The readiness with which the Union
and Confederate soldiers now unite In
observing Memorial day also puzzles for
eigners They think that 1t is mere
matter of expediency which was brousht
about in .S9S. when some OF the oio
Union and Confederate soldiers marched
side by side under the Stars and stripes:
But such is not the case. The Blue and
the Gray had been united in the obserV-
ance of Memorial day before the wal
with Spain.
Memorial day, as 1t is now formally OBJ
served as a legal holiday in majority
of the states, was inaugurated IN 1900
Gen. John B. Logan. who was at ina,
time commander-in-chief of the Grand
Army of the Republic, issued an order
to all surviving Union soldiers to meet
May 80 Of that year, at the cemeteries
near their respective posts. and TO neco
rate the graves of their fallen comrades
But the ceremony. in an informal way,
had been observed since the spring OF
1865 in the south. where the custom orlsl-
mated The ceremonies at the graves OF
the Confederate dead in Hollywood ceme-
tery at Richmond Va. in the spring OF
1867 were being observed at the time
Evening star., 1914-05-24

north at the time of the battle of Get
tysburg-so far away from their base of
supplies. His answer was: Our boys
were hungry, and when they heard that
over in Pennsylvania there were fields
of wheat almost ready for the harvest
and orchards and meadows promising an
abundance, the prospect was too tempt
ing for them: they thought there would
be chance to get something to eat, so
they ventured over.
This little touch of humor is not pecu-
liar to Gen Gordon; it is a characteristic
of the American people. All through the
civil war there were instances of Ameri-
can humor, and it was often manifest at
the time of some of the most serious
crises. An instance of its manifesto
ton on the Both of May, in 1868, is found
in the Boston Journal of this date under
the title. THE Rebel Raid in Western
Virginia"
A letter from Morgantown. Va. states that
when the rebels visited that place recently they
took away every horse they could find, sacked
the stores and carried of all the small arms, old
guns. etc. they could lay bands on. No pillasing
rebel commander. One of his men stole lady's
hoopskirt. which enraged the general that he
ordered the fellow to wear 1t whole month:
he obliged to go with 1t around his neck,
amid the jeers of his comrades: and to see him
holding ii up when riding his horse was ludcrous
in the extreme.
Twenty years after the civil war Grant
while on his dying bed said: The great
est general who ever lived was Robert
E. Lee" 1t did not take Grant twenty
years to realize the greatness of Lee; he
had been brought to a full realization of
this fact early in May. 1864. when their
armies met in the Wilderness. The peo-
pie, too, throughout the country had, at
the same time begun to realize it
On the Both of May in 1864. the atten
ton of the people both in the north and
the south was centered on this one man
Note the situation. or rather the events
of the preceding year which had led up
to this situation. On the goth of May.
1868. the Army of Northern Virginia. un-
der command of Lee, was on its march to
invade Pennsylvania. A few days later
the Union soldiers gained two of the most
important victories of the war. one at
Vicksburg one at Gettysburg. AT Vicks-
burg, Pemberton, the commander of the
Confederates, was completely defeated.
but at Gettysburg. what about Lee? He
Evening star., 1914-05-24

Mrs. John B. Logan happened to he Wis
iting in that city. She WAS so pleased
with the simple beauty of these cere-
monies that she urged her husband to
inaugurate similar ceremonies for the
Union soldiers. 1t was these ceremonies
that suggested the idea to Gen. Logan
The idea of uniting the ceremonies OF
the northern and the southern people
seems to have originated, also, In the
south, for in the spring of 1857 the wom-
en- of Columbus, Miss. while decorating
the graves of Confederate soldiers, strew-
ed flowers on the graves of the Union
soldiers who We're buried in the same
cemetery. When the news of this touch
ing tribute reached the north. the north
ern newspapers commented favorably on
the act, and Francis Miles Finch was
inspired to write his poem, The Blue
and the Gray:
By the fow of the inland river.
Whence the fleets of iron have fed.
Where the blades of the grave grass Quiver.
Asleep are the ranks of the dead
Under the sod and the dew.
Waiting the Judgment day:
Under the one, the Blue;
Under the other, the Gray
These. in the robings Of glory;
Those, in the gloom Of defeat:
All, with the battle-blood CORY,
In the dusk OF eternity meet
Under the sod and the dew.
Under the laurel. the Blue:
Under the willow. the Gray
From the silence Of sorrowful hours
The desolate mourners go.
Lovingly laden with flowers.
Alike for the friend and the foeL
Under the sod and the dew.
Waiting the Judgment day:
Under the roses, the Blue:
Under the lilies, the Gray.
So with an equal splendor.
The morning sun-rays fall.
With q touch impartially tendef@
On the blossoms blooming for an-
Waiting the Judgment day;
'Proid rcd wifi gold
Mellowed with gold. the Gray
Sadly but not with upbraiding.
The generous deed was done:
In the storm of the years that are fa0110
No braver battle was won
Under the sod and the dew
Waiting the judgment day:
Under the blossoms. the Blue;
Under the garlands, the Gray.
No more shall the war cry sever.
Or the winding rivers be red;
They Danish anger forever
When they laurel the graves Of our dead
Under the sod and the dew.
Waiting the Judgment day,
Love and tears, for the Blue:
Tears and love. for the Gray.
This poem appeared in the Atlantic
Monthly in September. 1857. Since that
time the sentiment expressed in II has
been growing among the American peo-
pie. The monument which IS now beng
erected at Fitzgerald. Ga, by the Blue
and Gray Memorial Association OF that
place is one of the best visible express
sions of this sentiment. The two life-slze
bronze statues. at the entrance to this
monument, that represent Grant and Lee
shaking hands. are typical OF the attitude
of other soldiers who wore the blue and
the gray. Many of them will join to-
gether next Saturday in observing this
memorial holiday a holiday which is now
observed by so many states that it has
practically become national holiday.
Evening star., 1914-05-24

Memorial Day a
Day of Reflection and
Meditation for the
Old Soldier Events
on That Date During
Strif e Between the
States-May 80, 1861,
Was a Sort of Calm
Before the Storm, as
No Great Battle Had
Been Fought Forty
Eight Days Had
Passed Since the Fir
ing on Stars and
Stripes at Fort Sumter.
Evening star., 1914-05-24

ments Of the armies in Maryland and
Virginia. Since the last 3Oth of May
these armies had met at Antietam. at
Fredericksburg and at Charlottesville.
Thousands of soldiers from both the
north and the south had fallen in these
battles. Only twenty-five days had
passed since the battle at Chancellors-
vile. Stonewall Jackson. the idol OF
the southern soldiers who followed him.
had fallen in this battle, but the spirit
of his name remained; his faithful fol-
lowers were still ready to stand like
a stonewalp' against their foe. as they
had done while under his leadership.
The situation in the east gave hope
and confidence to the people in The
south. but disbursement to the peo-
pie in the north. Many northern peo-
pie were demanding that, since Hooker
had failed in the last two battles. a
Mcclellan was called for, but Lincoln
appointed Meade. Since the Confad-
crate victory at Charlottesville Lees
army had been steadily growing until
it now numbered $4,000 men-men who
were still elated over the last two
victories
Taking advantage of the confusion at
Washington occasioned by the changing
of commanders of the Army Of the Poto-
mac, Lee with his entire army slipped
into the Shenandoah valley and marched
northward with the intention of invading
Maryland and Pennsylvania. Meade with
$1,000 men followed him. Would they
meet? If SO, where? The people both in
the north and in the south. on this 3Oth
Of May, not knowing what would happen
next. were waiting and watching. Gettys-
burg had not yet become a realization
4 4
The late Gen. John B. Gordon. the last
of the Confederate generals to survive. a
short time before his death was asked
Evening star., 1914-05-24

voiced the feeling Of despair within
the city of Vicksburg and the feeling
of discoura cement throughout TIE
south at this time.
While on this 30th of May the people
throughout the country were watching
with Interest the developments of the
siege at Vicks burg. their chief interest
must have been centered on the move
Evening star., 1914-05-24

Lincoln. however. the case was differ
ent.
The time was at hand for the nomina
tion of candidates for President. Poll
ticians calling themselves western
radicals" German republicans" an6
war democrats" We're opposing Lin
coin. On the Goth of May delegates rep
resenting these factions gathered a
Cleveland Ohio, for the purpose o1
nominating a candidate to defeat Lin
Evening star., 1914-05-24

retired from the three days battle in
good order. marched back to Virginia
and resumed his guard of Richmond
where President Davis and his cabinet
were still secure.
On this 30th of May we find Lee still
keeping guard of Richmond Grant,
who soon after his victory at Vicks-
burg had been called to Washington.
Evening star., 1914-05-24
,XT Saturday will

NT Saturday Will
be the national
Sabbath. Memorial
day. as 1t is now
observed in most
of the states of the
Union, is a day of
thankfulness, patri-
otic thankfulness
for the preserva-
ton of the Union.
A m a jority OF
people who next
Evening star., 1914-05-24

saturday viii take part in the stre"-
-. ~ eowers on soldiers graves are
not veterans who fought IN INC
war To those who are old enough u
remember the war. its memories haHe
softened and grown calm. its maeeriai
evidences have about ali 1aoeo
sight. To those who are not oio ehoueA
o. ,en,ernher the war, its events are
nr,v matters of history. But to the
old soldier Memorial day Is a day Oh
reflection and meditation. Next Satuf-
he will be thinking of events of those
"stirring times" as living realities
Some goth of May in the civil war;
in all probability. was to him an event
full day. Possibly he may remember
some event that took place on each
goth of May in the war. Go back with
him in his reflection as he fancies him
self back in those old days, and begin
with the first goth of May in the civil
war 1t was ifty-three years ago.
The soth of May in 1861 was sort
of calm before the storm No great
battle had as yet been fought Just
forty-eisht days had passed since the
hy1ng upon the Stars and Stripes at
Fort Sumter. The battle Of Bull Run
did not take place until ffty-two days
later. People this 30th of May must
have felt that there would be con-
dtct soon, but when or where no one
could foretell. 1t was a day Of sus-
pense.
lincoln. al he time. had not served
three months as President Between the
tims Of his election and his inauguration
Evening star., 1914-05-24
.6N1

coin; for Lincoln, it must be remem-
bered, was not nominated until June.
When the news of the nomination of
Fremont, which took place the follow
ing day reached Lincoln. he, in his
usual comprehensive way of appreci-
ating the humorous side of everything,
turned to his Bible and read to his
secretary from L Samuel, 22:2:
Evening star., 1914-05-24

have been the question which was
asked hundreds of times on this day
when neighbor met neighbor. The peo-
pie of the north were hoping that their
soldiers would soon succeed in captur-
ing this stronghold of the Confederacy.
but there We're doubts in their minds.
Grant had not as yet gained the con-
fidence of the Union people. The fol-
lowing editorial, which appeared in the
Boston Journal on this 3Gth of May,
reflects the uncertainty which existed
in their minds with regard to the out
come at Nicksburg.
The fate of vickshurg is becoming of intense
interest to the whole country. north and south.
place is exceedingly dithcult to take. Gen. Grant
will certainly take 1t, unless he Is prevented by
outside interference-that is, by the coming up Of
Johnston or some other rebel commander with pow
erful renforcements, which shall put Grant be-
tween two fires As to that contingency, 1t Is a
question of time. Reinforcements undouht-
edy gathering from all parts of the south where
they can be spared and are being hurried toward ts
will have massed in sufficient strength to save
Nicksburg. and the rebel grasp on the MISSISSIPPI
unless It will then be too late. or they SNAIL De
met with counter efforts adequate to the occ1 sion
Within the three weeks Immediately
preceding this 30th of May the Union
forces had been gaining a series of vic
tories near Vicksburg. Grant had de-
feated joe Johnston at Jackson and
had placed Union troops in charge of
that city. He had defeated Pemberton
both at Champions Hill and at Big
Black river. Pemberton, now cut of
from communicable with Johnston had
retired within the defenses at VicKs-
burg Eight days before this 30th Of
May Grant had tried to take these de-
fenses by assault. but, being repulsed
he had taken up his position on tine
heights north of the city and had be-
gun his siege So. on this 30th of
May the inhabitants were just begin
ming to be subjected to the horrible ex-
periences of continual bombardment
and starvation. which lasted until the
Fourth of July, when the city sur
rendered. Caves were dug in the
ground for the protection of the women
and children. and food became SO
scarce that rats were sold in the butch
ers' shops.
In
Evening star., 1914-05-24

had been appointed lieutenant general
of the Union army ''On to Richmond
had at once become the war cry of his
soldiers. Within the month of May
Grants army had been repulsed three
times by the Army of Northern Virginia
at the Wilderness. Spotsylvania. North
Anna Four days later, Cold Harbor!
The same result, Lee still keeping guard
Victory" But victory at such a cost!
Thousands of the Unions best soldiers
lost! Salmon P. Chase. who was Secre-
tary OF the Treasury at this time, said:
The people are crazy. or l am. l don't
see the recent military successes. Most
earnestly do / pray that We may see
them hereafter. All under God depends
on Grant. So far he has achieved very
little, and that has cost beyond compu-
tation.'
Such was the situation on this day in
1864. No other 3Oth of May had been as
serious as this one. At the White House
of the Confederacy, Richmond. there
was a feeling of temporary security. In
Washington there was disbursement;
in the homes in the north and In the
south there were thousands of mothers,
wives daughters and sweethearts who
were finding in the printed bulletins the
names of their loved ones numbered
among the dead. The question asked on
this day was: when will this bloody
war end?'' But the end was not yet for
Lee was still keeping guard.
X
While the attention of the people was
centered on Lees defense of Richmond.
other matters of Importance were hap
pening on this 30th of May which de-
manded some of their attention. Pres
ident Davis at Richmond was in har-
mony with his cabinet, and as long az
Lees army defended the city his om-
cisl position seemed to he secure. With
Evening star., 1914-05-24

There was wailing in the houses.
There was trembling on the marts.
While the tempest ragged and thundered,
Mid the silent thrill of hearts.
So wrote Paul Hamilton Hayne. one
of the cotemporary southern poets, who
Evening star., 1914-05-24

These news items. taken from north
ern newspapers. reflect the general
mood and spirit of the people in the
north who were at the time reading
the papers. Among them there was a
spirit of uncertainty and doubt. They
Evening star., 1914-05-24

The late Gen. John B. Gordon. the last
of the Confederate generals to survive.
short time before his death asked
why .h1 tCJIfe.ic- ties NAil.;I-ed SO far
Evening star., 1914-05-24

The truthfulness of the old saying,
Coming events cast their shadows be-
FORE" must have been realized by the
people both in the north and in the
south the Goth of May in 1863. for at
that time tS,re were pending two
events. either of which, these people
must have realized, might prove to be
the turning point of the war. one of
these, they knew. would happen soon
at Vicksburg, the other somewhere in
the east but at what place no one
aould at this time foretell
ANY news from Vicksburg?" must
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11
Favors Self-Denial Day.

If every man, woman and child, on
next Tuesday, taboos one luxury q
tidy sum will be set aside for the
poor and needy of Frederick. This is
to be "Self-Deniap day for Frederick.
Yesterday afternoon, Mayor Fraley
named December Is, as "Self-Denial"
day, and urged the cooperation Of all
Frederick people.
This movement is similar to the one
planned for the poor of Baltimore.
The Mayor, in talking over the scheme
last night, said that donations would
be used entirely for the needy OF
Frederick The funds will be handled
by the Rev. Thomas Freeman Dixon,
president of the Federated Charities
of Frederick.
Those who will cooperate in this
movement are requested to send the
sum realized by their effort to the
offices of the City Register, City Hall
building. The City Register has re-
ceived instructions from the Mayor
to turn over these funds to the Rev.
Mr. Dixon.
"You bet I'm going to eliminate
cigars for that day." said the Mayor,
who has the habit Of smoking a few
weeds during the day. Many of the
leading business men Of the city have
heartily Endorsed the proposition. One
business man who is an inveterate
smoker declared last night as we'll as
he liked smoking he would be willing
to stop for that day.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11
MARYLAND State Grange.

College Park, Md, Dec THE Of
nual Session of the Maryland State
Grange to be held in 1. o. o. F. Hall,
Saratoga and Cathedral streets, Bal
timore, December Is and 16, was
issued from the office of the State
Lecturer here today. State Master
B. John Black of Roslyn, Baltimore
County, who will make the opening
address of the session, will preside.
A special feature of this years
meeting will be the number of ses-
sions open to the general public, with
addresses on country life problems, to
which everyone interested is cordially
welcomed. The program of these
open sessions is as follows -
Tuesday, Dec. IS, P. M.-Opening
Address, Rev. B. F. De Vries. of Bal
timore; address, "Our Agricultural
College as a State Wide Influence"
Maryland Agricultural College; adj
dress, "The Grange and The Exten-
sion Service" Director T. B. Symons
of the Maryland Agricultural College
Extension Service.
Tuesday, Dec. Is, 7.3O P. Mad
dress, Cutting Down Our Living
Cost" Hon. David J. Lewis, Congress
man Sixth Maryland District, Father
of Parcel Post; address, Rural Ed
ucation for Maryland" DR.. A. C.
Monhan, U. S. Bureau of Education.
Wednesday, Dec. 16, II A. Mad
dress, "The Country School AS A
Community Builder" Professor ]. E.
Metzger, Maryland Agricultural Col
lege; address, shipping Table Pro-
ducts By Parcel Post" Mr.. L. B.
Flohr, U. S. Office of Markets.
AS will be seen by the above pro-
gram, Maryland grangers take an
active interest in the problem of direct
dealing and in that equally perplex-
ing one of how to make country life
more attractive to it's young people,
particularly though more enlightened
methods of vocational education.
The Grange aspires to be the organ
ization of the whole country communi-
ty, vitality Interested in the better
ment of the farm home as we'll as the
improvement of the farm, open to men
and women alike, and ready to include
in it's membership the boys and girls
who are fast growing into the active
life of their neighborhood Much in
terest is being shown by Changers
throughout the State in the coming
annual meeting, large attendance
both from the Eastern and Western
shores being anticipated.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11
Mr.. HaIIer's Birthday.

Thomas H. Halter, one of the lead
ing dry goods merchants of Freder-
lex, on Tuesday celebrated the fifty
ninth anniversary of his birth. Since
1883 Mr.. Halter has conducted a dry
goods business at his present stand.
which is one of the best in the city.
At intervals he has added to his bust
ness until it has reached the present
large proportions.
Mr. Halter was one of the prime
movers and organizers of the Freder-
lex and Middletown Electric Railway,
now the Hagerstown and Frederick
Railway Company, and is connected
with the Union Manufacturing Com
pany.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11
CAPTURE MORE PRIZES.

Frederick county birds did we'll at
Central Maryland Poultry Association
held at Mount Rainier, Md, December
to 5. The Barred Plymouth Rocks
exhibited by Eugene A. Grove, Lime
Kiln, Md, was awarded the following
prizes: First prize on cock, first
prize on hen, first prize, on cockerel,
first, second and third prizes on pull
let's.
Out of six entries, this class had
eight exhibitors, which shows the high
standard Of Mr.. Groves exhibit.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11

What is believed to have been the
first fatal case of laryngitis during
the present epidemic, occurred Sun
day, when the five-year-old son of
Mr.. and Mrs. George F. Poole, of Mar
riottsville, Md, died. The body of the
boy will be taken to Mount Airy to-
day for burial at Damascus Metho-
dist Episcopal church. The Rev. How
ard Keene, of the Methodist Protest
an church, will conduct the services
B. w. Bowman, of Mount Airy, is the
undertaken in charge.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11

The following applications were
made for membership: J. Clarke Dew
ilbiss, Raymond Bussard, William
Bopst, Charles Fleming, Jr, S. B.
Michael, Earl Fogle, Henry Hanson
Maulsby, John Morrison, w. A. Lare
and William Wheeler.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-12-11
Advertised List

The following uncalled for letters
are at the Postofice in this city:
Gents List. Paxton Davis, Ed
ward Glatzel, Arvie Mercer, Edward N.
Smith.
Ladies' List-Miss Mary Lynch,
Mrs. Nettie Wright.