The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-05-18

Of Taste and Smell IL Exactly Alike.
We think We know an about tasting
and smelling. hut these are the mesi
elusive senses aud 50 closely allis~l ihai
they have been called the welded
senses" n you wish 10 Dee convinced
81 the closeness OF their connection
notice the next time you have a severe
cold Ia the head and ascertain how
little taste you get from your food.
even though il l,e the most tasty"
In fact. flavor and odor are great
puzzles 10 an 81 the physical inyesiiga-
tors. The prepondeanoe OF evidence
points to the suggestion that an taste
and odor are brought about 10y chemical
changrs la the eii,ls of the nerves hay-
ing 90 do with tl-se sensations. smell
has been termed taste az a distance"
and The way la which anything is APP
prcciaied by the cells 81 taste and
smell Is precisely alike.
The Infinitely small particle that
reaches the nose must first bc di,solv
al IN the NITROUS covering Of the olfac-
tory bulb before is odor can be caught
aud transferred Ia the end OF the Of
factory nerve. The same is the ease
with the thing that Is Ia he tasted.
it. too is dissolved IN the juices uf
the mouth ana then makes Us way 10
some one or more of The taste cells.
when the chemical change takes place
which sets up sensation In the gus
tatory nerve. aud we really taste the
substance and announce 20 ourselves
or others how IL tastes.
Most persons think that As tue tongue
is the chief organ Of taste you could
taste anything placed anywhere on the
tongue. But this is lar from heinz
true. There arc three chief kinds Of
papilae 10 taste on tho tongue, and
anything touching il on these napillac
Is tasted. but IL II touches any spot bc-
tween these il is not tasted M all. Tho
iiiform papiilae are at the Zip OF the
tongue aud at the sides. and each one
contains special taste "buds" which
dissolve something of the substance
put on them aud transfer thc sensation
io the underlying nerve of taste.
Then there are the fmgiform carll-
lac. looking like little mnshr,nms
lwhencc the Nance. with taste hl'ls O..
their own. and there are alsn the cir
sumvallate IaPillae. only seyen IA ton
ia number. lying iuward the ho;S "f
the tongue forming "A V. With the al'cN
pointing toward the throat rhcse are
little mounds with meats around thcm
and !aste buds lying in the meats Ia
catch whatever particles OF feed may
reach thus FAR sufficiently dissolved
to be tasted
The middlc of the tongue and the
hurd palate have no taste at all, apl
this IS The reason that if we are 20
take a bitter powder aud il Is carefully
| placed nc the center of the tongue II
can bc washed down quickly by a gnlp
of water leaving no taste in the
mouth
! The taste bulbs have been carefully
measured. and It is found that they
are 1890 of an inch long and l-So0 NJ
an inch broad, oval in shape. some
thing Ike small Florence flask. The
proof that tasting is a chemical prog
ess lies in The fact that anything that
is to he tasted must Ice soluble. for
! the unchewed food ar hard coatcd Pill
is not tastch Tastes have been claSsi-
lied as sweet bitter acid and saline.
and experiment has shown that we
taste salty fouds most rapidly in IL
of Second and that sweet acid and
| hitter take longes, the last requiring
| 2aS of second for perception.
Another pccnliarity of taste is that
after a very strong taste of any Kind
| We cannot so easily distinguish Slight
| or naVors. The Eervc energy has been
exhausted for time. and only after
| little docs 1t return. IL YOU have
| eaten sweets for dessert you must
drink some water to clear the mouth
| Of the sweet taste or your coffee, will
| taste very bitter. 10 matter how much
sugar You put into it The profess
! sional tea faster knows that the guSta-
| tory nerve becomes exhausted. for aft
or 4 series OF hastings he siops TO give
| his nerve of taste an Opportunity to re-
| turn to its normal condition, ,.ii,
In taste and smell alike all individ-
uals differ. The same food does not
| taste precisely the same TO any two in
dividuals. any more than the same per
fume smells the same. There is a gen
eral resemblance, but the expert who
has trained his sense of smell or taste
perceivcs finer distinctions than the
person who has given little attention
TO these special senses and their de.
vclopmcnt. Arguments are Of no avail
as was recognized in the popular and
ancient proyerb, There is no disput
ing about tastes" There is no sciep.
ti6c explanation OF the fact that one
person likes onions aud another abhors
them. Some persons are fond Of
olives only after they have cultivated
the taste. The only suggestion Of an
explanation is that in some, persons
the chemical changes brought about
by onions orNulivcs are pleasing. while
in others they are offensive. II is tina
@ustatory nerve that tells the tale, hut
little is understood about it.-Ncw