davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
OF GENIUS
Famous Geometrical Staircase
Object of Great Interest.
Sir Christopher Wren's Great lnoep-
ton in st. Faui's Cathedral In Lon
don One Of the Things Always
Shown to Visitors.

New York.-Visitors to ST. Paul's
cathedral In London are shown the
geometrical staircase in the South
tower, one of the triumphs Of Sir
Christopher Wren's genius, says Popu.
lar Mechanics. It Is a circular ascent
rs feet in diameter, with stone steps
nearly six feet broad at their outer
end. At one end the steps are i'm
bedded in the wall, at the other they
rest upon the edge Of the next lower
step, without other support from be-
low.
Early English stairs usually con
sisted Of flights with landings, taking
up much room, restricting their use to
broad halls. The women of the castle
obtecting to sharing these outer stairs
with the rough men-at-arms, interior
stairs were constructed, connecting
with the living rooms, by the simple
expedient Of leaving out some stones
when constructing interior walls, and
in the wells hus made, placing bricks,
short stones or even timbers to form
a rude ladder. These crude stairs
necessarily took a circular flight, and
as improvements were made, the
steps became more regular, longer
stones being used, until at last a
circular stairway was formed, each
step of which depended entirely upon
Independent of the others.
The next move was the consolida-
ton shown in the Wren creation. the
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
PIMPLES ON FACE AND ARMS

All Howard ST., Dayton, Ohio
About a year ago my face, neck, arms
and back were beginning to become
afflicted with pimples and blackheads,
My pimples would get very large and
appear to come to a head. If l tried
to open them the pain would be terri
BILE, but nothing could be taken from
them. They itched very badly; l suf-
fered terribly from itching. After
scratching, the pimples would swell
and after the swelling was gone my
face would become very red and re-
main SO for some time. My clothing
caused the itching to be worse. When
It was warm it was utterly impossible
to sleep.
Il used a cream and the more l
used the worse they got. Shortly after,
l read the advertisement of Cuticura
Soap and Ointment and determined to
use them. The itching stopped almost
Immediately. This was about three
months ago and l am entirely cured
now" (Signed) Miss Marguerite E.
Jacobs. Jan. 10, 1918.
Cuticura Soap and Ointment sold
throughout the world. Sample of each
free, with 32-p. Skin Book. Address post
care "Cuticura, Dept. L, Boston."-Adv.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
B~ertiiiouized Art.

'If the Pierpont Morgan collections
are put on the MARKET" said an art
dealer of Fifth avenue, "it is safe to
say that a lot of fakes will be exposed.
There is no business so riddled
with taking as the art business, espe-
cially the oil painting branch Of it.
Hence a new movement in Paris, the
worlds art center, is of interest. This
is the B~ertillonizing Of all future paint
ings. The artist not merely signs his
paintings, but, if he adopts this new
movement, he ~thumbprints them as
well. He makes an impression of his
thumb in the wet paint below his sig
nature.
THE thumb print is the only really
satisfactory identification mark for hui
man beings, and 1t promises to be the
only satisfactory guarantee of paint
ings in the future. A number of French
artists have recently taken to Bertil-
lonizing their work. 1t is probable
that the excellent idea will spread
from Paris all over the world"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
SILAGE A COMPLETE RATION
RAY From Spanish Peanuts, Tops and
Nuts Cured Together, Is Favored
Feed Twice Daily.

Silage is one of the best stock feeds
but alone it does o make a complete
ration any more than any other feed.
Silage is rich in carbohydrates and
needs a feed rich in protein to go with
it. Alfalfa hay and silage make one
of the best combinations. Some dry
INT farmers are growing sweet clover
and the hay from this plant makes a
good feed with which to balance
silage. Cow pea hay is another good
feed to balance silage. The hay from
Spanish peanuts, tops n nuts cured
together, Is ideal to feed with silage
and is a sure crop throughout the
southwest, says the Oklahoma FARM
er. Feeders Of steers in the northern
corn belt feed silage n corn and
make a daily gain of two pounds per
head per day on their fattening cat.
tie. Many feeders in Oklahoma last
winter fed silage, corn or kafr grain
n cottonseed meal and their steers
gained four to five pounds per head
per day.
A little dry forage should be fed
daily to animals eating silage.
There is tendency to feed too much
silage. In feeding large herds Of dairy
cows, the COWS weighing 900 to 1,200
pounds each, 80 pounds per head daily
Is the average quantity to secure the
largest profits. Horses should be
started slowly on silage, five to six
pounds each daily and the amount
should be gradually increased until
they nave ali they will eat Up clean.
This will be about 20 pounds per head
per day when they have plenty Of
hay. A horse doing heavy work
should not be fed over eight to twelve
pounds Of silage a day.
Silage should be fed twice daily to
all kinds of stock n only enough
should be taken out Of the silo and
fed to supply the animals with what
they will eat VI clean at each feed.
Silage left II the hunks or in piles
outside of the silo undergoes a change
in a few hours that makes it unpalat.
able and reduces it's feeding value.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
BIG GRAY RAT LURES TO TRAP
Vary CIeverly Shows Other Rats Fas-
cination of Revolving
Wheel.

ST. Louisa real pied piper of
Hamelin, in the person of a big gray
rat, is boasted by John Wottawa of
Beileville, who declared the rat had
led seven others into a trap in his
store within "a hours. He caught the
rat several days ago in one of those
traps that have a small Ferris wheel
arrangement on it like a squirrel cage.
He fed the rodent and tanned 1t SO 1t
no longer feared him.
Then he tied a tiny silver toned bell
to his neck and released 1t. The bell
awakened the curiosity Of the other
rats and turned them into the cage,
where the bell rat" displayed his
skill at spinning the whirIing cylinder
by running mad1y inside of it. Wot-
tawa says he thinks the system will
rid his store of rats eventually.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
"BOUND FOR
WESTERN CANADA"
a PRAIRIE SCHOONER SLOGAN,
THAT STARTED FROM
NEBRASKA.

-Four horses abreast attached to a
red painted prairie schooner, with
windows anh a. protruding stovepipe,
with the words, Bound for Canada
on the schooner's side, was the object
of considerable interest as it passed
on the way northward from Nebraska
a short time ago through the towns
in Nebraska, South and North Dakota.
After some weeks of strenuous travel
ing in this way, Mr.. J. F. Jensen made
the overland trip from Jameson, Ne
braska, and with his little family made
the regular customs entry at North
Portal, in tho province Of Saskatche-
wan. Their destination was Willow
Bunch, a district that Mr.. Jensen
had selected as one,in which it was
possible for him to work out his for
tune. He located on a good half sec
ton of land, and intended putting on
it some cattle that would fatten on
the wild prairie grass that grows SO
1uxuriously in that district. In addt-
ton to this his purpose was to cult
vate a portion of it and raise wheat,
oats, barley o. flax. In short, u life
devoted to mixed farming was what
he had in vieg and it is easy to I'M
derstand that he will make a success
of it, and in 8 year or SO will attach
some more land holdings.
Although hts beginning may be
small, it may safely be said that Mr..
Jensen. like thousands of others who
have begun life In western Canada on
no more and with probably much less,
will prosper. He will lot be far from a
line of railway. Schools will be close
at hand and other social conditions SO
necessary in q. new country are avail
Observation-Disclosures.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

farm be materially increased
but a decided step In advances would
be taken toward the solution Of our
meat supply problem.
Decline Of Hogs on the Farm.
Although the estimated number Of
swine on farms January /, 1914, 49,
933, 900. was 1.3 per ent @ than
the census number for 1910, the de-
cline from 1913 was 81 per cent. This
decline is partly accounted for by the
extensive prevalence Of hog cholera,
by high-priced corn, by h deficient
production Of 1918 because of a Sc
we're long-continued and extensive
drought and because Of the high prices
of swine for slaughter. Notwithstand-
ing the high price of hogs for slaugh-
ter, farmers found that they could not
profitably feed the high-priced corn.
At the same time, the price of hogs
per hundred pounds was high relative
ly, although not as high as corn. In
this situation hogs were often sent to
market understood.
The average size of hogs IN the
farm January l, has never been direct
ly ascertained, but it may be COM
puted from the average price per head
divided by the average price per hun
dred pounds, as ascertained by this
bureau. AS a result Of this operation,
the average weight of a hog on the
farm January !, 1914, vas 145 pounds;
in 1913 it was 144 pounds, in 1912 lao
pounds; and in 1911, 1871 pounds. The
marketing of DOWNRIGHT hogs which
has been frequently commented upon
in livestock and commercial papers
during the last three years, is appar-
ent in the foregoing average weights.
which are apparently high because
the lighter hogs have been sold off.
The average value of swine on
farms per head January l, 1914, was
5000, or 5.5 percent above the aver
age value Of January l, 1913, and 1874
per cen above that of 1910. In con-
sequence of the increased value of
swine per head, the total value of all
swine on farms Is estimated at $612,-
951, 600, or a gain of 1.6 per cent over
1919 and 14.9 per cen yer 1910. The
diminution of swine January !, 1914,
was more than counterbalanced by
the increased price per head of those
that were on hand.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

the orr Is full grown. AS a scaven
ger, even a goat is not more useful
than a sheep.
As meat-food animals sheep have
never been sufficiently appreciated in
the United States. They are, however,
of very great value. They must be
classed with hogs and poultry as the
most available animals to supply meat
for home use on the average farm.
They are readily slaughtered, the
meat d be kept without difficulty.
it cuts up without waste in sizes which
are convenient for the average family,
and the meat is nutritious, wholesome
and palatable when properly cooked.
The healthfulness of the sheep alone
gives it front rank as a meat-food
animal. Sheep rarely have tubercu-
losis or other diseases communicable
tc man.
The foregoing statements are axio-
matte. If the sheep industry is SO in
viting, why do the farmers seem to be
showing a tendency to curtail sheep
raising? There are probably three
principal aus
First = Intestinal parasites, princi-
pally stomach worms, cause serious
losses in farm focks over the whole
country, and almost entire lamb crops
are sometimes ex~terminated. IN no
farming sections are sheep free from
this danger, and nc breed of sheep is
immune, although some breeds-the
Merinos, for example-are less sus-
ceptible than others. No infallible
u for stomach worms is known,
but it is possible to control them eco
~nomically by keeping the lambs away
from the ewes except when nursing,
and by a system of pasture rotation.
Unless a farmer is willing TO take pre-
cautions in the management Of the
flock he should not raise sheep.
Second-Cur dogs are almost as
great a hindrance to the sheep indus
try as parasites. The only protection
against them is to keep the flock dur
ing the day where 1t can be watched
and to put it into a ~dog-proof inclos-
ure at night. An authentic case has
recently been reported from Michigan
where q flock Of more than zee head
were all run to death in one night by
two u dogs. Dog-tight night folds
can be built of woven wire at small
expense.
Third-Farmers have not generally
recognized the proper place Of the
sheep in agriculture in the settled
regions. Too much Importance is
placed on wool. Except On the range
where land is cheap, the wool should
be regarded as an incidental side
line to help defray the cost of han
ding. Raising sheep for wool alone
does not pay on farms, and the at
tempts of farmers to make it pay Is
undoubtedly largely responsible for
the prevailing opinion that sheep are
not profitable On expensive land. Sheep
are raised in England on some Of the
most expensive and in the kingdom,
but they are raised as meat animals
and not as wool producers; the wool
is a by-product, IS 1t should be In
farm fiocks.
If only % per ent of the farms on
which there are now no sheep should
have a flock of not yer % or 30 ewes,
managed with reasonable care and
protected against dogs, not only would
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
DIMINUTI0N OF SHEEP
DECLINE OF 3.4 PER CENT FROM
1918 is NOTED.
Has Many Distinct Advantages az
Farm Animal-Much More ECO
nomical to Feed Than Steer
Leads as Meat-Food.

repar by the United states Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
A heavy decline in the number OF
sheep has taken place since 1910, &C
cording to the department OF agricul-
ture. In that year the number on
farms as ascertained by the census
was SO, 44S, 900; the estimate for Janu-
airy l, 1914, is 49,719.000, a decline of
"a per cent from 1913 and OF % per
cent from 1910.
Among the causes that have con-
tributed to the diminution OF number
Of sheep Is the scarcity of labor re-
quired for their care, the high prices
of sheep and lambs for slaughter, the
displacement of sheep by expanding
dairying, deficient p~asturage and for
age on account of drought, destruction
by dogs, the settlement of range land
previously occupied by sheep, and the
low price of wool; also the increasing
value Of land.
The estimates of the department for
the number of sheep on farms in the
United States on January 1, 1914, show
a decided decrease as compared with
1919, according 10 lHe - VI
Agriculture. The apparent tendency
toward a decline in the number of
sheep on farms has been noted for
some time and has caused sheep rails
ing on farms to be referred to as a
waning industry. A word here con-
corning the economy of sheep and
their place in agricultural practice
may not be out of place.
AS a farm animal per Sc, the sheep
has many distinct advantages. The
sheep is a much more economical ami
NAL to feed than the steer, returning
a larger amount of gain per 100
pounds of feed eaten. When his c
pacity to consume roughage is con-
sidered, he is more economical than
the hog. The sheep yields a double
retu-c-meet at an economical cost,
and wool as a Experimentation. will
go far toward defraying the cost OF
keep. Sheep are prolific. A farm
flock which does not yield at least loo
per cent increase is very poor indeed.
A flock of sheep on a farm will, in
time, clear it of weeds, without X
pense to the owner, If allowed to
range the lanes, the stubble fields aft
err grain is cut, and the cornf1elds after
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
SILO IN A SHELTERED PLACE
Much of Trouble and Loss Caused by
Freezing Can Be Prevented by
Exercising Little Care.

CBy A. d. WILSON. Director OF Asricui-
tural Extension Division and Farmers
Institute, University Farm, st. Paul,
Mimi
None Of the types Of silos put upon
the market SO far will keep silage in
this latitude without more or lesa
freezing taking place during the win.
ter months, although those having
air spaces in the walls seem 70 freeze
somewhat less than the type having
solid walls.
Experience has shown, however,
that freezing can be kept within rea.
sonable limits in silos of any common
type by the exercise of a little extra
care. A good tight roof should be
provided and the doors should be kept
closed as much as possible to prevent
circulation of air above the silage and
TO keep ii the heat generated by the
silage.
In using, it is important to keep
the surface of the silage level or even
a trifie high in the middle, not allow
ing a hole to form in the center, as is
sometimes done when silage begins to
freeze around the edges. We have
never had II bad results from feed
ing frozen silage, but it will not keep
long after thawing out.
Since most OF the freezing is due to
cold air above the silage, it is possible
to afford considerable protection by
keeping the surface covered with hay
or straw, or better still, a blanket or
canvas.
If In addition to these precautions
It is convenient to build the silo in a
sheltered place, there should be little
loss or trouble from freezing.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
4 FREE BOOK
That Teaches The People How TO
Avoid Catching Cold.

The thirteenth edition of the "Ills Of
Life" is now ready for distribution. Be.
ginning on page three of this popular work
on medicine. is an article stating in plain
language how any one can avoid catching
cold.
The article was written by a doctor. 1t
was written by a doctor eighty-four years
old, who is q hale and hearty man. 1t is
his boast, founded upon fact, that he does
not catch cold. He thinks he knows the
reason why. He explains it in detail in
this book. Every family ought to have a
cop of it. Sent free by the Peruna Co.,
Columbus, Ohio.
Mr.. o. Fred Linstrum, 1929 University
Ave, st. Paul, Mimi, writes: II con.
tracted a severe cold several years ago.
Through the use of Peruna L fully recov-
cred. | nave never had any trouble since
Mrs. Henry Martin. La Motto, Iowa,
says: 81 have found Peruna to be a great
remedy for coughs and colds of children,
A dose at bedtime will relieve them all
night."-Adv.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
At Forty.

Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney, congrat.
ulated on her Ttantic memorial, said
at a tea at the Brevoort in New York:
Success. in sculpture as in other
things, is very pleasant. But wen fail
ure is bearable. Failure admits Of SO
much hope.
"a failure, running his hand through
his pepper-and-salt hair, said in my
studio in McDougal alley:
To-day is my fortieth birthday.
When we reach forty we begin to look
up the names Of men who become
famous after forty-fve.'"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
THOUGHT CARP WAS A LOG
Winter Night Story of an Ohio leo
Cutters MIstake-Severe
Ducking Results.

Ashtabula, O.-Charles Williams,
who lives down East Orwell way, was
putting up ice for D. M. Clapp, n Of
the prosperous townsmen Of East
Orwell, when he suffered a severe
ducking and lost a nice fish.
Mr.. Williams. who was working on
the river, stepped on what he sup
posed was a big log. He balanced
himself on it for a short time and
after making sure of his foundation
started to poke Ice cakes toward
shore. All at once the log" went I'M
der with a swish. 1t was a carp seven
feet long. Later the fish was caught.
Competent witnesses say It weighed
SO pounds.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
How He Could Tell.

A Georgia cracker" tells this story
of his own people: He say a north.
ern man who had settled in Georgia
was visited by a friend, who asked
him how he liked the place and the
people.
ooh, all right" replied the man.
Nov, tell me-" asked the friend,
what is a Georgia cracker? How
can you tell him from another per.
SOM"
Well" replied the northern set
tier, you see out in that field a black
object?"
4, Yes" said the friend.
Now" said the man, that may
be either a Georgia cracker or a
stump. Watch 1t for half an hour,
and if it moves, why, it's a stump
Ladies' Home Journal.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
Still in Doubt.

Miss Tiny Broadwicke, the young
girl who recently dropped 1000 feet
from ar aeroplane with a patent para
chute in Los Angeles, said of her ex-
perience:
For the first 300 feet the parachute
refused to open. Rest assured, l then
felt very doubtful. l felt as doubtful
as the young bridegroom to whom a
man said:
$50 you've got a wife, eh?"
"Hugph. l don't know the bride
groom answered. Sometimes l think
I've got her. and sometimes / think
she's got me-"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

Stephen H. Wills has invented a
semaphore signal which will announce
to the eager fans" just the moment
a runner touches a base. but there is
not unnaturally a question whether it
will ever become popular in baseball.
The umpire draws a big salary for
having an eagle eye, and, besides, he
furnishes the flesh and blood element
to the game which Is the very soul
of 1t.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
The Rachelor,s Proposal.

Il heard today the statement that
among every 1000 bachelors there are
50 criminals, while among married
men the ratio As only 10 per thousand"
said the sweet young thing.
Would you" he said, looking visit
fully at the girl-"would you keep me
from being a criminal, or at least get
me in the IS per-thousand class?'
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

so-called "geometrical' staircase,
where each step rests upon the next
lower, the thrust from the outer end
being carried into the wall at a lower
level. Another interesting specimen
of the geometrical staircase is found
in Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, built
at a later date and probably inspired
by ST. PauIs.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
Keen the HOGS Healthy.

Young hogs should not be given
crowded quarters. In order to keep
them In a healthy, growing condition.
a proper Diet 5hoI!d be Fed, Healthy
individuals possess a certain amount
of power to resist disease, and this
plays no small part In preventing it.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
GETTING Ewes Closer.

You know it is said that the prop
er distance between the eyes is the
width of one eye," said the sweet
young thing on the sofa.
well, move up closer, then" sug-
gested the gentleman present.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
Mayor on Salary Strike

Mendoza, m.-Municipal business Of
this place is at a standstill because
Mayor Charles Rogers, whose salary
ia $50 a year, refused to do any more
work for the city until he is voted 5000
. wear.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
Give. sIr.b to Five at One Time.

Taylorsville, Ky.-Fve children
we're born at one time to Mrs. Bertha
Drury. wife of a farmer near here.
The two girls died, but the three boys
appeared to have good chances to sur
viye.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
vmportant to Mothe
PerlIS.

Does that play tend to remind you
Of the dangers Of a great city,"
"In my opinion" replied the uncom-
promising critic. ut goes farther. It's
one Of EN-"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
thirteenth Baby Arrives.

gave birth to her thirteenth child, q
boy. on Friday, February ID. The
baby looks healthy enough to resist
he hoodoo.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
Girl. Become lnterne..

New york.-Miss Helen Palliser
and Miss Anna Tjohnlands, Cornell
medical students, have passed the ex-
animation which makes them FULL
nedeed internes.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27
One Way.

Dye make a living w%riting?"
yep; writing father" = Cornell
Widow.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

1t depends on her architecture
whether she spends the summer at the
seashore or in the mountains.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

DR.. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets regulate
an. invigorate stomach, liver and bowels.
Sugar-coated, tiny %granules, easy to take.
Do not grippe. Adv.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

Once in a great while you will meet
a woman strongminded enough 10 al
NIT that her shoes are too small.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

A wise maid rejects the silly youth
who is willing to die for her, and
cleaves to a mar who is willing to
earn her living.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1914-03-27

Home-the place where you are
treated the best and grumble the
most.