davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14
COURT NEWS
Common Pleas Court

1t has been many month since a
session of common pleas court was
held on Saturday in Knox county.
There was a session of court today
held by Judge Mansfield of Richland
county who is hearing the case Of
Craft vs.. Wagner, guardian. The
court is anxious to conclude the case
this week, hence the session of court
on Saturday.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14
OFFICERS
Installed By kOkOsing En-
CampmGnt No. 3S

Kokosing Encampment No. 3S /. o.
o. #. installed officers at their regular
meeting Friday evening. Refresh
ments were served after the business
meeting. The following officers were
installed by Lodge Deputy Oscar
Swanson:
Chief Patriarch-John Lloyd.
Senior Warden-C. G. Weaver.
Junior Warden-D. l.. CARRIER.
Guides. L. Hays.
Inner Guard-M. E. Smeale.
Outer Guard-John Donnough.
-----------s stts----------------- ts-----------------
READ THE BANNER WANT ADS.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14

BIRTHS

+ X X 4 4. 4. 4. i. = 1. I. 4. =
A son was born Friday evening to
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert Lohr of Coshoc-
ton avenue.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14

Marie Cahill will have a new musi-
cal piece next season.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14
Granted A Divorce

Granted A Divorce
Curtiss Spring was granted di-
vorce in the court of common pleas
of Knox county from Martha Spring
by Judge Mansfield on Friday after
noon on the grounds of extreme cru
city and gross neglect.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14
Affidavit In Lunacy--

Affidavit In Lunacy--
An affidavit in lunacy was filed in
the probate court of Knox county Sat
urday by Nellie e. Weaver against
her brother, Charles F. Weaver of Mt.
Vernon. Mr., Weaver was recently a
patient at the state hospital, Column
bus, but was discharged about six
months ago as cured. Since then he
has been staying at the Morrison farm,
east of the city. The inquest was con-
Quoted by DR.. l. S. Workman and DIR.
Gorge d. Arndt. Arrangements will
be made to have the man removed to
the state hospital at once.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1914-07-14

Deed Filed
Bertha Rickert to John Snively. lots
in Jelloway, $1,150.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
CAUSE OF MOTHER SETON
QUESTION OF QUALIFICATION
AND CANONIZATION
CONSIDERED.

On August 18 at ST. Joseph's College
Emmitsburg, Md, an ecclesiastical
court convened for the final session
on the question Of the beatification
and canonization of Mother Elizabeth
Ann Seton, who founded the Order OF
the Sisters of Charity of ST. Vincent
de Paul in the United States. The pur.
pose of the court was to determine
whether any forbidden religious honors
have been given to Mother Seton in
anticipation of the rulings of the
highest courts in Rome.
The court was composed of Rev
Edward r. Dyer, S. S., of ST. Mary
Seminary, Baltimore, Judge; Rev
Michael Riordan, Washington, the fis
cal promoter, or what corresponds to
prosecuting attorney in civil law; Rev
Joseph Cunnane, of Baltimore, ecclesi
astical notary; Rev. J. o. Hayden
Emmitsburg, postulator, and Rev
James H. Neck, of Baltimore, cursor
Many witnesses were examined and
all their testimony was given under
oath. The popularity of the Church
law is that it requires that the wit
nesses be bound under oath not to
reveal either the testimony they have
given or the questions asked by the
court.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
JESUIT GENERAL DEAD
FATHER WERNZ WAS HEAD OF
THE SOCIETY OF JESUS SINCE
1oo6-THE FIRST GERMAN TO
OCCUPY THAT POSITION-A
NOTED CANONIST.

The Very Rev. Francis x. Wernz
Father General of the Society of Jesus
died in Rome on Thursday morning
of diabetes. His death was rather
unexpected and followed closely that
of Pope Plus X, of whom he had
been an intimate friends for years
One of the last official acts of the
late Pope was to send the Apostolic
Benediction to the dying Jesuit.
Father Wernz was the first German
Jesuit to be elected to the head of the
Society of Jesus. He was born in
Rottwell, Wurtemburg, Germany, on
December 4, 1912. At the age of fit.
teen he became a member of the So
ciety of Jesus. He made his theologi
cal studies at Maria Laach and was
ordained to the priesthood at the con,
clusion of a brilliant scholasticate in
1875.
His career as a Jesuit earned for
him worldwide recognition. He be.
came known as an authority on Canon
Law and his works were widely read
His fame was principally among the
clergy. During his career as a Jesuit
Father Wernz filled several positions
of Importance prior to his election as
Father General. In 1883 he became
professor of Canon Law at the Gregor
ian University in Rome. Twenty-one
years later he was chosen president
of the University. He was consultol
for the Sacred Congregations of the
Council, of the Holy Office, of Extra
ordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, and O.
the Index. His work, "Jus Decretal
ium," and particularly the fourth
volume of the work, treating of mar
riage, gained him great distinction
He was elected Father General of the
Order on September 8, 1906, in success
sion to Father Martin.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
TO THE EDITOR
AN INCIDENT AND ITS MORAL.
Dear Father Reardon:

Dear Father Reardon:
| was praying today at noon when
sparrow came hopping in through
the open window of the Cathedral.
Outside it was insufferably hot and
the bird painted for few seconds as
she sat there in the cool atmosphere
of her Fathers House.
While l left off praying for awhile
to watch her, thought, "How blessed
it is that there is some place not only
for the birds, but for men and women
to come during the day and sort of
cool off and get a second wind! How
almost scorching are the rays that
concentrate upon us in our business
lives! And how blessed to come each
day for quiet moment or two with
the Sacramento Presence"
And while | watched, the bird got
it's breath good and strong again, and
opening it's mouth sent out such a
CHEEKY little note, right up O was
sure) to the Holy Place, as must have
made the Infinite Fathers Sacred
Heart rejoice. Truly, "the sparrow
had found her an house-even the
Altar of her Lord and God"
1t has been one of the things that
rejoiced my heart here in the busy
city that have seen men and women
Especially the mem coming each day
away from their business to offer
homage to Our Lord in the Great
Sacrament Soon the dear old build
ing in which we have so many times
rested at the noon-tide hour will be
thing of the past, and we will not be
able to climb the hill each day; but
even more than an earthly fathers,
His Heart will long for us, and realiz-
ing His great love for us, shall we
not turn our steps toward some other
shrine, where, like the sparrow, We
may get a good full breath of spiritual
air, and like her, open our mouths to
show forth our praise for His blessings
daily shoWered upon us?
FRANCIS B. RANDALL.
August 18, 1914.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

Duluth: Special memorial services
for the late Pope will be announced
shortly at the Cathedral of the Sacred
Heart. The Cathedral is elaborately
draped in black and white out of re-
spect to the memory of the late Plus
x.
Right Reverend Bishop McGolrick
said that he had very happy remem-
brance of his visit to the Vatican
about five years ago. He saw the
Pope frequently while in Rome and
says that His Holiness seemed par
ticularly kind and attentive to those
who had come to see him from a
great distance.
Rev. Father Sullivan, S. j., of st.
Mary's, Kansas, conducted the retreat
for the clergy, which took place at ST.
James Orphanage during the week
While the retreat for the clergy was
in progress this week, Mass was Of
fered at the Cathedral at seven o'clock
daily by the Right Reverend Bishop
The Ford auto given away by the
Knights of Columbus at their enter
tainment on Monday evening, August
"a, was won by George st. George
25O2 West Third Street, Duluth. The
benefit netted the orphanage about
one thousand dollars.
Rev. Augustine Brockmeyer, pastor
of ST. Clements parish, gave a lay
mans retreat last week at st. Johns
University.
At a meeting of Polish citizens o.
Duluth, presided over by Rev. JOSEPH
Cieminski, pastor of st. Peter:
Church, it was decided to canvass
among the Polish people here in be
half of the people in Poland who arr
suffering from the effects of the war
Grand Rapids: Rev. Fathers Buech
Ter of this place and Rieger of Hinck
ley are detained in Europe on accoun
of the war.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
WHY P0PEs CHANGE NAMES
HUMILITY OF SERGIUS II. LED TO
ADOPTION OF THE PRACTICE.

Everyone knows that as soon as a
Cardinal becomes Pope he is no long
er known by his own name, but takes
a new one This custom originated
in the ninth century out of reverence
for st. Peter and is now a law of the
Church. 1t had it's origin in 884,
when Peter di Porca became Pope OF
Rome. He held that it would be pre-
sumptuous to style himself Peter H.,
so he adopted the name of Sergius IL
Before that time many Popes had
changed their names, but it was not
obligatory for them to do so. Sergius
II. not only established precedent
in this direction, but he set an ex
ample which all Pontiffs have followed
in that none of them has ever re
tanned or assumed the name of Peter
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
Plus X. AND AM RICA
THE LATE PONTIFF HELD THE
UNITED STATES IN HIGH ES-
TEEM-SHOWED HIS REGARD
IN MANY WAYS-ToOK 1T OUT
OF THE RANKS OF A MISSION
AIRY COUNTRY.

The deceased Pontiff always evinced
a special love for the United States
and made no secret of his high regard
for American Catholics. To show his
esteem for the Church in the United
States he transferred this country
from the jurisdiction of the Congrega-
ton of the Propagation of the Faith
which has charge of ecclesiastical
affairs in missionary countries, to the
Congregation of the Consistory which
superVises the activities of the Church
in countries where the faith has -four
ished for long time. He did this be-
cause of the marvellous growth of
Catholicity in the United States and
the firm footing the Church had OBJ
tanned in this country.
At the Consistory held in November,
1911, he gave the United States two
additional Cardinals. He renewed the
privilege previously granted to the
Catholic University at Washington of
an annual collection taken up in all the
churches of the United States; author
lied the establishment of the first
Foreign Missionary Seminary at
Ossining, N. Y, and encouraged the
work of the Catholic Church Extension
Society by giving it canonical status
and reserving to the Holy See the
appointment of it's President. In
these and many other ways the late
Holy Father showed his special regard
for the Church in the United States.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DIOCESE OF SIOUX FALLS

Sioux Falls: The Right Reverend
Bishop O'Gorman will officiate at the
Pontifical Mass celebrated in the old
Cathedral of st. Paul next Sunday,
August 80, at eleven o'clock. This
will be the last Sunday Mass within
its walls. Bishop O'Gorman came to
st. Paul with his parents in 1852, four
years before the cornerstone of the
old Cathedral was laid. At the time
this ceremony took place he was pur-
suing his preparatory studies for the
priesthood in France.
X. of C. Picnic: A grand picnic
attended by Knights of Columbus from
all parts of South Dakota, was held
at Ruskin Park on Tuesday, August
25. Special trains were run from
different parts of the State to accom-.
modate the members. A large mum.
Der of the knights and their friends
were in attendance and thoroughly en-
| joyed the outing.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

perioress of ST. Johns Academy
Mother Alice has been placed in
charge of the Sisters Convent, Wav-
erly, Mimi. Classes will reopen at
st. Johns Academy on September 8.
The school is accredited to the Uni
versity of North Dakota and possesses
splendid academic, commercial and
grammar departments with music and
art as a speciality.
Mt. Carmel: Rev. ]. A. Kern, pas
tor of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Church,
is ill at Sacred Heart Sanitarium,
Milwaukee, Wis. 1t is expected that
he will be able to resume the duties
of his pastorate in a few weeks.
Trier: A number of improvements
have been made in the parish of ST.
Boniface this summer and plans for
enlarging the church are now under
consideration.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

ShieIdsvile: A celebration was
held at Shieldsville Park Sunday after.
noon and evening, August %. The
afternoon was given over to baseball
games between rival teams and a
musical program was rendered during
the evening by the Foley-Garrigan
Harp Orchestra. Refreshments were
very enjoyable time.
st. Peter: The old Mason home,
stead has been secured as residence
for the Sisters of st. Joseph who are
in charge of the parochial school of
st. Peters parish. 1t has been re-
modelled, renovated and furnished by
the members of the congregation un-
der the direction of the Rev. D. ].
Moran, pastor of the parish.
New Prague: The Immaculate Con-
ception Sodality of the Church of St.
Wenceslaus, recently contributed the
sum of $425 to the parochial school
fund of the parish of which the Rev.
J. Cermak is pastor.
Sleepy Eye: Work on the new
parochial school of st. Mary is be-
ing rapidly pushed and from present
indications the building will be ready
for occupancy early in the fall. Provi-
sion has already been made for addi-
tional rooms to be used until the new
school is completed. Beginning next
month the work of the parochial
school will be rounded out by the addi-
ton of a complete high school course.
The sum of $1,4O0 has been expended
for repairs to the convent occupied
by the Sisters of st. Francis who have
charge of the school.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

Crookston: A Solemn High Mass
was celebrated in the Cathedral las
Tuesday morning for the repose ot
the soul of the late Pope Plus x
Official announcements were made tC
the reverend pastors throughout the
dioceses to sing a Requiem for the
Pope on the same day.
GentiIIy: The Right Reverend
Bishop confirmed over one hundred
children in Gentilly and Louisville last
Sunday. The church in the latter
place is undergoing many improve
ments, both in the interior and eX
terror. More Catholics continue com
ing into this district. Louisville is at
tended to by Father Theillon from
Gentilly.
Clerical Visits: Revs. Gerard, o. S
B., Michael OFT, o. S. B., Paul Neus
sendorf, o. S. B., Eugene, o. S. B.
and Rev. Joseph Herbert of Brooklyn
N. Y, were visitors last week at the
Episcopal residence.
Moorhead: Rev. Gerard Spielmann
o. S. B., has been transferred from
the pastorate of ST. Joseph's parish
Moorhead, to st. Mary's Church in
st. Cloud; while Father Alfred, o. S
B., of the latter parish, succeeds him
in Moorhead.
Euclid: Beautiful and artistically
colored windows have been installed
in the Church of Euclid.
East Grand Forks: The Young La
dies Sodality of the Sacred Heart
Church in East Grand Forks autoeC
to Crookston under the auspices o.
the same organization of St. AIMS
parish. The visiting young ladies
were banqueted in the Cathedral hall
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
CALIFORNIA; CATHOLIC
CHIEF JUSTICE
HON. M. j. SULLIVAN OF SAN
FRANCISCO APPOINTED CHIEF
JUSTICE OF CALIFORNIA BY
GOVERNOR JoHNSoN-DEAN OF
LAW DEPARTMENT OF ST. IGNA-
THUS UNIVERSITY AND a MEM
Der OF THE PANAMA EXPoSI-
TIoN COMMISSION.

The Honorable M. J. Sullivan of San
Francisco, has been appointed to the
position of Chief Justice of the Su-
preme Court of the State of California
by Governor Hiram w. Johnson. The
appointment became effective on Au-
gust Is. The new Chief Justice is to
serve out the unexpired term of the
late Chief Justice William Beatty.
Chief Justice Sullivan is one of the
most prominent Catholics in California
and one of the most able and distin-
guished lawyers in the West. In adj
dition to being the dominant figure in
the law firm of Sullivan, Sullivan
and Roche, Chief Justice SulIi.
van is dean of the law department
of the University of st. Ignatius and
member Of the commission appoint.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

We may leave our children houses
and land; we may endow them with
a good education; we may train them
to be keen business men or notable
housewives. Better than these things
we may bring them up healthy of body
and mind. But best of all: let us
train them in Christian principles oi
conduct, habits of virtue and self
restraint, and a spirit Of loyalty
towards home, and Church and coun
try.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
CONTRASTS
written for The Catholic BuIIetin.) }

We 1oathe the man with the streak of
yellow,
Who crawls in the everyday, earthly
fight,
The battle only half begun:
Who lays all the fouls to the other
fellow,
And weakened trimmer, like cur
drops from sight,
His life's work still undone.
We love the man with the rich, red
blood,
Who, struggling, still fights in the
fearful test,
The battle to him is tame:
Tho swamped, submerged, clean un
der the food,
Comes UP, plunges through, rides the
crest,
Give cheer for the man who's
game.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
A POSTAL FROM AN INTELLIGENT
(?) MENACE READER.

Cath Bulitin
st. Paul, Min.
1 am a Minace Reader I am anti
Cath in my gizard I'd put u fellers out
of biznes at once if cd If my prayer
to God wd blast l wd make prayer
now but! l hav deter mined to hear
what u can say on yr side & if u can
clean up I'll stop fight If u can Prove
what u claim I'll go with u "Peter &
his Keys" Please send me sampl
e B TUKER Elmore Mch
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

Sykeston: September IA is the
date set for opening the new st. Eliza
beth's School, which is now almost
completed. 1t will be placed in charge
of the Presentation Nuns of Fargo.
StarkWeather: Rev. T. J. Gwynn,
pastor of the Assumption Church, is
fast recovering from the effects of a
surgical operation recently undergone
at Mercy Hospital, Devils Lake.
Jamestown: Mother Annunciata
has succeeded Mother Alice as Su-
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

Bishops Circular: The Right Rev.
erend Bishop sent a circular to the
reverend pastors of the diocese re-
questing that a Requiem High Mass
be celebrated in their respective
churches for the repose of the soul of
His Holiness, Pope Plus x, Tuesday,
August 25, and that an appropriate
sermon be preached on that day or on
the Sunday following.
Clerical Changes: Right Reverend
Abbot Peter Engel, 0. S. B., has trans
ferred Reverend P. Alfred Mayer, o.
S. B., pastor of the Immaculate Con-
ception Church, st. Cloud, to the
Church of st. Joseph, Moorhead; and
Reverend Gerard Spielman, o. S. b.,
pastor at Moorhead, to the Church of
the Immaculate Conception, St. Cloud,
Reverend Alto Walter, o. S. B., as
sistant pastor of the Church of the
Seven Dolors, Albany, has been ap-
pointed to act in a similar capacity at
the Immaculate Conception Church,
St. Cloud. The newly ordained priest,
Reverend P. Adalbert, o. S. B., will
go to Albany.
Cathedral: A Pontifical Requiem
High Mass for the late Pope Plus x
was celebrated Tuesday, August 25
Right Reverend Bishop Trobec was
celebrant and was assisted by the
Cathedral clergy.
An ice cream social was given by
the Young Ladies' Sodality on the
Cathedral lawn Friday, August 81.
School work for the new scholastic
year will be resumed Tuesday, Sep
tember 1, in the old school Consid-
cradle improvements have been made
in the building during the summer
months The auditorium, which occu-
pied the third floor, has been con-
verted into five commodious class
rooms. The new high school will not
be ready for occupancy until late in
the fall.
st. John Cantius: A successful pic
mic was held on the church lawn Sun
day, August %. The parochial school
will begin classes Tuesday, Septem-
Der 1.
st. Johns Abbey: Right Reverend
Abbot Peter EngeI, o. S. B., presided
at the General Chapter of the Amer
ican Cassinese Congregation, which
opened at the Archabbey of St. Vim
cent, Sunday, August %.
Glasses in the various departments
of the university will be resumed
Thursday, September 10.
Richmond: The contract for the
decoration of the Church of IS. Peter
and Paul has been awarded to Wilfred
Lalonde from st. Paul. Approximate
ly $4,000 will be expended for interior
improvements.
First Mass: Reverend P. Adalbert,
o. S. B., from the Abbey of st. John,
will celebrate his first Holy Mass in
the Church of st. Clement, Duluth, on
Sunday, September 6. Reverend p.
Augustine Brockmeyer, o. S. B., the
pastor, will preach the sermon. Father
Adalbert was ordained priest at st.
Johns, Collegeville, Monday, August
10.
Priests in Europe: Among the
Americans marooned in Europe there
are three priests from this diocese:
Reverend S. Suszczynski, North
Prairie; Reverend Herman Schmitz,
Ward Springs, and Reverend J. NJ
Buscher, Mayhem Lake. No word has
been received from them and it is
presumed that they have not yet been
| able to book passage.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DON'T WORRY

written for The Catholic BuIIetin.)
What's the use of worry
When things are going wrong?
The sun is shining somewhere in the
sky:
No use to fume and furry,
Just sing dear old song,
The blue will change to golden bye
and bye.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
oReANIsT-A first class organist

ORGANIST-A first class organist
and choir leader, with 25 years ex-
perience, would like to get position
by September 1st, either in st. Paul,
Minneapolis or Saltwater. Fully un-
derstands Gregorian chant and is an
expert on the pipe organ. Best of re-
ferences as to character and ability
Address "Organist," c/o Catholic Bull
letin.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
AGENTS WANTED,

Capable and energetic solicitors
wanted in every parish to canvass
for The Catholic Bulletin. A money
making proposition. Now is the time
to secure territory. For terms, etc.,
write, The Catholic Bulletin, 315 New.
ton Building, st. Paul, MINI.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

FOR RENT-481 Laurel Avenue,
two first-class modern seven and eight
room flats. Rent reasonable to re-
sponsible parties. Splendid location
near new Cathedral See Mr. Maron,
518 New York Lige Bldg.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

WANTED-Position as housekeeper
for priest. Experienced. Good refer
ences. Address A. c., c/o The Catho-
lie Bulletin
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

FOR SALE-An Edison Rotary
Monograph, practically new. Will be
sold cheap if taken at once. Inquire
at this Office
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

FARMS TO RENT ON SHARES
If you will buy horses and machinery,
owner will furnish seed-grain, cows
and pigs on halves. T. Brady, Worth
ing, S. D.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DIOCESE OF CROOKSTON.

Diocesan Correspondents Rev. e. j.
Lemire, Cathedral Rectory, Crookston,
MINI.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

ed by Governor Johnson to administer
the fund of $5,O00,OO0 appropriated by
the State of California for the Pana-
ma-Pacific Exposition.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DIOCESE OF FARGO.

Diocesan Correspondent Rev. v. ]
Ryan. sos Broadway, Fargo, N. D.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DIOCESE OF ST. CLOUD.

Diocesan Correspondence Rev Chas.
A. Mayer. The Cathedral, st. Cloud.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29
DIOCESE OF DULUTH.

Diocesan Correspondent: ]. r. Nc.
Kinnon, 1920 E. 3rd ST., Duluth.
The Catholic bulletin., 1914-08-29

Belle Plaine: The women of the
parish of the Sacred Heart gave a
successful ice cream festival on James
Donovan's lawn on Friday afternoon
and evening, August 81. The proceeds
were for the benefit of the church
The Rev. John F. Curry, o. F. M,
pastor of the Church of SS. Peter and
Paul, entertained the church choir and
the dramatic club at picnic at Ex-
celsior on the shores of Lake Mime
tonka, on Tuesday, August Is. The
members were conveyed to the
grounds in automobiles.
FaribauIt: A successful ice cream
social was given last Tuesday evening
at the home of Mr.. Zimmerman on
Fourth Street, under the auspices OF
the Juvenile Division, Ladies' Auxili
ary of the Ancient Order of Hiberni
ans. 1t was we'll patronized and a
snug sum was realized for the benefit
of the Division.
Eden Valley: The Rev. P. B. Cor
don, a Chippewa Indian priest of the
Diocese of Superior, Wis, delivered 6
lecture in the Church of st. Peter or
Thursday evening, August q. The
lecture was preceded and followed by
special music rendered by the loca
choir.