davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-09-11
Don't Wait For Punctures!
NATIONAL PUNCTURE SEAL

IN . compound put up in dry form, ana
when small portion is placed in the
inner tube of a pneumatic tire, IT VIII
automatically and instantly seal an
punctures from the smallest to the size
OF q twenty penny spike.
1t is not tire filler: the tire carries
the ordinary amount of AIR pressure
Il NATIONAL PUNCTURE SEAL is
nut up in tin cans. lithogra phed IN four
colors. with full directions on each can.
The can is 6is inches deep by inches
in diameter and contains sufhclent
quantity to treat four of the largest size
automobile tubes, each can Weighing
about "a. pounds. Retails $500 per can,
prepaid TO any address.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24
MANY THINGS TO
Do IN GARDENS
OctOber's Tasks Will Keep the
Amateur AgricuIturist Still
Very Busy.
PREPARATIONS FOR WINTER
PREPARATIONS FOR WINTER

This is the busy month for sowing
all kinds of seeds and gathering III
the remainder of the crops that Kind
Providence has provided for our COM
fort. Now is the time to put the
finishing touches on the celery that
is banked up with earth. in the rows
where it grew Where the celery has
been banked to within five or six
inches to the top of the leaf stems,
if boards six or eight inches broad
are placed on each side of the row
and held in place by small stakes,
just as soon as there are signs of
freezing, the rows may be covered
with coarse hay or corn fodder. and
later on some earth put on. This
will keep a nice supply for Christ
mas. And where there is sufficient
ventilation afforded the celery will
be in prime condition early in the
spring months.
Right now is the time for planting
some bulbs of tulips. hyacinth and
other spring towering bulbs, which
make the door yard SO nice.
sowing Seeds for spring.
Sow the seed of cabbage, cauli-
flower and pansy for holding over
in frames for the early crop next
spring. Soil for the hotbeds should
be secured this month. Place in bar
rels or boxes of a size that is easily
handled, some good rich garden soil,
and place where it will not become
dampened by the winter rains and
SHOWS, and where it will not freeze.
Then when spring time comes and
the fever of planting is upon us we
have the soil ready in which to make
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24
THE COUNTRY CALENDAR
Practical Hints About Things to Do at This Season in Garden
and Greenhouse the Orchard and the Poultry Yard

Now. good share of the best eda-
cation that one ever receives is Sc
cured through frst-hand contact with
nature-plants, animals. hills. valleys.
rocks, streams, and things overhead
and underfoot. These things are n
material aid in the higher book
studied without an extensive knoNl-
edge of natural things. Much of
poetry can be rightly understood and
enjoyed only by those Who have spent
years in the country.
Propagate roses by hardwood cut
tings. Take cuttings three OF feer
inches long, tie them into bundles
and store them over winter in eool
place in damp sand. They Will be
ready to plant out next spring.
Roup often follows II the chickens
are allowed to trail through the Vet
grass and underbrush early IN the
morning. Keep them confined 70 the
house and yards until the sun IS we'll
mp,
On dull. dismal days it is a good
plan TO scatter few handt0ls OF
millet in the litter. The fowls are
very fond of this grain. and will
scratch with extra vigor in order 10
find it. And they need 10 De KEEP
busy on such DAYS
1t should be remembered that the
days are very short, for which reason
feeding should be done PROMPTLY Il
5 particularly necessary that lAe
fowls should so 10 roost with full
crops of whole grain. as many hours
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24
HOW ONE MAN CAN OPERATE
HUNDRED ACRE FARM ALONE

hog pasture. When clover and
timothy are planted together. the hogs
Craze principally on the clover and
leave most of the timothy to be cut
for hay. In the five-year rotation,
however. field No. is depended upon
to furnish the principal supply of hay
for the horses and COWS. There
should be some surplus. and this, of
course, can be sold. Late in the fall
the field is plowed for first-year corn.
and in the following spring it takes
its place in the rotation as field No. l.
The great merit of this system Of
crop management is that there is no
rush season, and the available labor
is so distributed throughout the entire
year that the maximum acreage is
secured BY blowing one field for
corn in the fall, one man and three
horses are able to handle all the
spring work to get the corn in, Gull
tivate it. and produce a crop without
assistance.
Help for Haying.
The next operation is putting up
the hay, and here it is inevitable that
outside labor be called in. Compared
with other systems of farm manage
ment, however, the amount of out
the hogs harvest the rye, there is
no field work TO be done
after the hay Is in until early in Sep
TENDER, when one field of corn must
be cut and one field of rye sown. This
period of about FIVE weeks in length
is threshing time for the farmers
neighbors, and he and his horses
should find 1t possible to do work
for them which can be returned when
extra help is needed to shred his corn
for bedding. In this way 1t has been
estimated that on. a farm of 100 acres
the farmer will only have to pay cash
for about ten days hired labor during
the hay harvest.
It is possible that an even larger
farm might be worked in this way,
but when the fields exceed about for
ty acres in extent it is not probable
that this system will be found advan-
iageous.
On such a farm. as has already
been said. hogs furnish the principal
income. They are turned in on the
rye as early as possible in the spring.
and there the fall shoats and spring
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

a start for the seasons supply of
nice and crisp vegetables.
Get things in shape for a bed of
winter onions. The yellow multiplier.
or potato onion, is one of the best for
fall planting 1t should be placed
rather deeply in the row, as there is
some chance in some soils of 'spew-
ing or "heaving'' during the changes
of freezing and thawing. Set the large
onions about a foot apart in the row.
Set the smaller bulbs about eight
inches apart in the row, and have the
rows of each size of bulbs about
twenty inches apart. This variety of
onions requires little more space in
which to develop. as there is quite a
large increase by multiplying in the
hills. And there is no crop that will
repay the labor or none that will re-
spond to liberal fertilizing more
quickly than the yellow multipler
onion.
Renovate the Lawn.
October is the month in which we
should renovate the lawn. The bare
spots, If any, should be looseneti UP
with spading fork or some similar
implement, and the seed of blue grass
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24
D.
TIMOTHY

pigs remain as long as the pasturage
is tender. When the spring pigs are
from six to eight weeks old they are
weaned and the brood sows taken to
other enclosures where they can be
bred for fall Filters
Hogs Do Harvesting.
BY the first part of May it is
probable that the rye no longer at
fords good pasturage, and the hogs
are then turned into field No de-
voted to first-year clover and tim
othy. There they remain, with the
addition of a reasonably liberal corn
ration. until the middle of July, or
two weeks after the rye has ripened.
when they are turned back into the
rye field and allowed to hog ii all
down without other feed Roughly
speaking, it may be said that If the
rye yields seventeen bushels to the
acre, six 100-pound hogs win harvest
an acre in six weeks. Thus, by the
time the rye is harvested the corn is
ready, and the stock can be turned
into field No. l. Here they can be
kept until all the corn is hogged off,
which will be Approximately Novem-
Der /, if none of the hogs are sold
until the entire crop is gathered. In
this way, with practically no labor
ana very little aLtenIlon, the entlre
herd is furnished with pasture and
grain feed throughout the entire
spring. summer and fall.
AS for the cash income per acre
from such a system, it appears that
the method of hogging down rye
ultimately brings the same returns
as cutting. threshing and selling the
crop; but in addition to the cash re-
turns, the hogs build UP the soil and
save the cost of labor. This, 1t must
be repeated. is the real purpose OF
such a system. With labor already
scarce. and becoming scarcer every
year, some substitute must be found
In the opinion of specialists in the
Department of Agriculture, the sys-
TEN which has just been described
seems to be sound and practical, al
least for considerable proportion Of
the farms in those sections to which
ii is adapted.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24
REMARKABLE RESULTS FROM
COLD FRAMES IN GARDEN

1t is really remarkable what results
can be had in the garden long after
the frost comes by the use of
properly built cold frame. The most
satisfactory frame We have used is
made in sections. three by six feet,
the number of sections to be used
depending on how much space you
want to devote TO late plants.
The cold frame is nothing more
than four boards nailed together to
make the sides, and it should slope
slightly toward the south. This is
then covered with SASH made of light
wood, covered with cloth. Water
proof material may be gotten for this
latter from most of the large seed
stores and is preferable ON account
of it's dura bility.
Success with cold frames in the fall
depends on getting your plants we'll
started before the frosts come. A
good plan is to build your framework,
and a good size would be six by
twelve feet. This would require four
frame covered with glass.
If you want to have vegetables all
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

water or water and ice TO cool them
is unredeemably bad. and packing in
fine ice with heavy lump of ice on
top of the barrel is a continuation of
an unreliable and often very dis
astrous method,
Sixth--Pack the chilled birds in
standard boxes twelve to the box
or in small kegs II they are not to be
hard frozen, and see that each bird
in the package is an exact match in
quality size, color and perfection of
dressing for every other bird This
is the height Of the art of grading.
Seventh Have the refrigerat tor car
in which the dry-picked, dry-paclSed
poultry Is TO be shipped iced with a
mixture of broken ice and 10 to 10
per cent of salt for twenty-four
hours before loading. When loaded.
the temperature of the car midway
between the doors, four feet from the
floor. must n.t exceed IS degrees y.
To ensure the best of handling dur
ing transportation dressed poultry
should be shipped In car lots, II you
cannot get the minimum quantity for
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

will CLAUSE before daylight brings an
other feeding hour.
1t IS d good plan TO suspend cab
bage by string from time to time in
me poultry house. but not so high
that the fowls have TO jump for it..
Many paaltrymen hang the cabbage
heads too high, believing that the ex-
ercise that the fowls are forced to
take is good for them. AS a matter
of fact. however. there is danger Of
rapturing the partly formed eggs.
4 fowl in the fall that shows that
Ii has been doing something the pre-
vious year is one to select to keep in
Your mock. a fowl with pale colored
legs and worn toenails was a good
layer last year, and the chances are
that she will be a profitable hen for
al least another year. Keep her not
only as a layer but as a breeder.
II is highly important that the
horses should be thoroughly rubbed
down when they come into the stable
wet with rain or perspiration. 1t is
not good Judgment or economy to
allow them TO dry off by means of
body heat
Feed carrots to the horses with a
liberal hand during the winter
They are nutritious and
greatly relished by the animals. Also
they help the digestion and improve
the appearance of the coat. IT is
possible to cut the allowance of oats
i'm half if the deficiency is made up
With an equal bulk of carrots.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

A system Of farm management by
which one man. with little occa-
sional help from outside can do all
the work of a 1Q0-acre farm, is recon-
mended by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture for those farmers
in the corn-belt States who are serl-
ously handicapped by the scarcity Of
labor and whose soil is suited to rye.
Any kind Of hired labor on The farm
has now become so costly and efficient
labor so difficult to obtain, especially
the extra labor required at harvest
time, that in many sections OF the
country. in the opinion of experts,
this factor will compel radical re-
organization in farming practice, un-
less conditions change in the near
future.
In the corn-belt States number of
farmers have already made some
progress toward solving the labor
problem by compelling hogs to do
much of the work hitherto performed
by hired hands. The practice Of
"hogging off, crops has long been a.
familiar one, but it is only recently
that this has been extended and de-
Yeloped in scientific way Under
the system discussed in detail in
Farmers Bulletin No. Ga of the u.
>. Department of Agriculture, "a
Corn Belt System OF Farming Which
Saves Harvest Labor by Hogging
Down Crops" hogs perform large
part of the harvesting, and the crops
are SO arranged that one man can do
all the blowing, planting and cultivat-
ing necessary With such a method
the hogs, of course, furnish the prin-
cipal cash income OF the farm. Its
great advantage is that larger acre.
age can be covered effectively without
compelling the farmer to depend on
outside labor, which is always diff
ficult TO obtain and frequently UNI
reliable.
Rotation of Crops Arranged.
Reduced to its simplest terms the
system consists of q four or five
year rotation of corn, corn rye and
a mixture of clover and timothy one
or two years
For the purpose of illustration the
following diagram of a farm laid out
on five-year rotation. which is the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

better where hay brings a fair price,
will be found useful:
Plan of a farm run on a tive-year.
rotation
II is desirable that the Ave fields
included in this scheme should be
approximately the same size. AS
suming that they are each twenty
acres. one man should have compare
lively little. difficulty throughout the
greater part of the year in doing all
the work that they require and in adj
dition caring FOR the live stock In
field No. the first year corn is grown
and hogged off as soon as 1t is ripe.
This is generally from September
to September 10. When the corn is
cultivated for the last time, it is
usually desirable to SOW soy beans or
rape, in order that the hogs may have
pasturage while gathering the corn,
and also because such crop supplies
valuableshumus, which can be turned
back into the soil In the following
spring this field is prepared for sec
ond-year corn and becomes field No.
2 in the illustration.
Field No. . Isl as We have seen, de-
voted to second-year corn, which is
not hogged off, but harvested by
hand. Here rye is sown in the fall.
Under favorable conditions this can
be done while the corn is still stand
ing, but IL necessary 1t is not too late
after the corn has been cut and
shocked. Rye may he sown much
later than wheat, and this is one of
its great advantages in q rotation,
such as is now being described.
Field Number Three in Rye.
Field No. 3 is devoted to rye through.
out the entire season. In the spring il
is pastured by the hogs as long as il
is palatable, affording excellent pas
turage, especially for young hogs and
brood sows. When the rye becomes
tough and the hogs cease to relish
il. they should be removed and not
returned to the field until two weeks
after the rye has ripened. They should
then be allowed to gather the entire
crop and to Craze upon the young
clover that has come up with it.
Field No. is devoted entirely &c
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

a car lot yourself. get together with
other nearby shippers and make up a
joint car. You may have to bury
some hatchets, but that is better than
having your bank account showed
under. Get togetherl
Remember that every bad chicken
sold hinders or prevents the sale of
a number of good chickens. The
housewife remembers only. that her
family did not like her choice of food.
Generally, she does not know whether
the bird was dry picked or scalded.
dry packed or iced. What she wants
is a fine-fiavored product. Your
product may be good, but if your
neighbours is bad yours will also suf-
fer. Get togetherl In this emery
ency the good of one is the good Of
all
Circulars 81, "a and TO- Bureau OF
Chemistry, and yearbook article No.
5sl, all dealing with the handling of
dressed poultry, will be sent on az
plicatIon to the Department Of Agr-
culture as long as the supply for
distribution lasts
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

the syrup and they'll take it faster.
4 good way to learn if colony has
enough strength to winter is to heft
it. Find the heaviest one and have
them all about alike. Most colonies
Weighing forty-fiye to fifty pounds
will winter all right as far as stores
go Where the colonies are very light
it is well to shake two or three of
them into one hive for winter, smok-
ing all we'll first.
Bees do not need to be kept warm
in winter. Give them plenty of ven
tilation and good stores and they will
keep warm enough. II the entrances
to the hives are big, put blocks of
wood In front of them TO make them
smaller This will enable the bees to
keep the hives warmer and exclude
mice. which eat combs
Keeping the bees dry is as impor-
tant as anything. A shed cheapN
constructed viii answer the purpose
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

or a combination of lawn grass, seed
scattered over these places.
For spring planting of peach trees
and other trees that are TO be planted
next spring holes should be dug this
fall. Throw out the earth from a
hole about eighteen inches square and
two feet deep. Place the top soil on
one side and that from near the bot
tom of the hole on the other side of
the hole, so when setting in the trees
next spring the top or richest soil
may be placed around the roots az
the trees are put in place One par
ticular point in digging the holes this
winter is the action of the weather,
the rains and SHOWS, the thawing and
freezing, acting upon the edges and
exposed parts of the holes, and gel
ting them in fine shape for the roots
of the young trees. -
Do not permit any, field to lie. bare
during the winter: SOW something, be
it rye, winter oats. wheat, winter
vetch, or something that will be
protection TO the ground during the
winter and, which when plowed TN
der in the spring, will afford some
humus content to the soil.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

through the winscr you must replace
the cloth frames with glass about
November 1. and by this means some
of the harder plants, like radishes
beets, string beans and onions, can
be had practically all winter. though
1t will probably be well for winter use
TO bank your frame all around with
fresh horse manure, which would
turn your cold frame into hot bed.
Among the flowers, violets, pansies,
English daisies and primroses will
grow well during the winter in a cold
cloth frames to cover it, and the total
expense should not exceed S. for ma
terials, Inside this Enclosure can be
planted any late-summer vegetables
that you want to raise. If the sun is
particularly hot, put the cover frames
on every night, taking them off in the
morning. but when the weather gets
still colder leave these cover frames
on all the time. You will be surprised
at the excellent crop of late vege-
tables you will have when all your
neighbors' gardens are desolate.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

we'll. The bees can be moved forward
in spring, or many prefer TO let them
have the protection all summer. as
it keeps OFF the hot sun and keeps
out cold winds in spring and fall
Face the shed south. Set the hives
on sticks of wood so they win be off
the ground. Put on supers and in
them put gunny sacks filed with
straw Set the hives closely together
under the shed with the entrances
all to the south Then they are ready
FOR winter. If Won haven't a shed set
the hives on rests, closely together,
pack between with straw or leaves
and get some corn stalks from the
shocks and put To the three sides Of
them, leaving the south Open Bees
can be wintered in your cellar, il you
can keep the temperature about even,
not letting it get above 30 or 80 de-
grees. Have them off the floor and
give plenty of fresh air.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

Every TALL the farmer with 4 lew
bees is confronted with the problem
Of wintering them. Winter losses are
both expensive and frequent and few
have found preventative to losses
There are several things necessary
To good winterinR. Plenty OF good
honey for he bees to winter on is
perhaps the most important. Where
colonies are light they should be fed
in the fall after the flowers have
ceased bearing nectar For the farmer
who hasn't expensive feeders, put on
d s1per punch n few holes in the top
OF a tin can and after filling IL with
~ syrup made from two parts water
10 one of sugar, inVert the can. in
Side the super above the frames. This
will answer all practical purposes.
Don't make the holes too big or the
syrup viii run out faster than the
bees can care for ii and perhaps cause
rebbing Warm the water IN making
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-24

MnIa determination.

am greatly troubled with moles
IN the garden lawns and terraces.
Please tell me how can get rid Of
them.
Newark. j. A. b.
The moles are not vegetarians; they
are insectiyorous animals. and do
much good by destroying the white
larvae or grubs of the June bugs and
May beetles that frequently seriously
damage lawns. The real damage that
is done to lawns and other ground
infested by moles is caused by the
pine mouse and other small mice
utilizing the moles' runs as means
of finding palatable food. BY this
s,lbterranean method they reach po-
tatoes and other underground roots
and vegetables, and the mole gets the
blame. To obviate annoyance from
the moles and other attendant evils,
roll the lawn The lawns should be
rolled frequently, anyway, particular
Nv in the spring. IL the raised places
where moles are working are gone
over at any time of the year with a
roller the animals viii probably be
crushed to death. AS the moles are
animals, they are hard
to poison One of the best methods
is TO use poisoned corn-fresh corn.
which is Just in the milk with
strychnine, placing pieces Of the ear
here and there in the runs. Pieces Of
poisoned apple have also proved de-
structive to moles. The mice which
use the moles' runs may be killed
by using poisoned grain--strychnine
on wheat, barley. etc.-in the moles'
runs. In most instances traps, when
properly placed, prove successful, and
one irate lawn owner is reported as
having rid his lawn of these rodents
by placing pieces OF glass and tin in
the runs in such manner as to make
progress through them Impossible,