The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-08-14
pAcTs ABOUT NATIONS
Ff'O LONG TIME AT ODDS
A.chduke's Murder Precipitated The
frr;ses in Austro.Servian Relation.

.;an of Nedeljo Gabrinovics, who tos-
si nJ the bomb at the Archduke Francis
Terdinand on June %, shortly before
robrio Prinzip shot him. Gabrino-
,.;"s said that he had formed in Bel
rrade a conspiracy with Prinzip and
5onr others to kill the Archduke. One
nj the four, a Belgrade student nam
cd GRADES, has been arrested, but the
others are still at large.
The Pan-Servian Union is the So
c;ety aimed at in the ultimatum. This
organization aSpires to unite the en-
ire Seryian race. Its secretary
Major william Pribitchevitch, formerly
an officer in the Austrian army, was
annealed to by Gabrinovics and his
companions, according to the confess
sion, and through them they obtained
bombs and revolvers from the Ser
Wan arsenal at Kraguyevatz.
The feeling between the two ma
lions, however, goes back much fur
ther. Only a minority of the Servian
race live in Servia and the Macedon-
ian territory recently won from the
Turks. Montenegro is inhabited by
people ethrtically and hnguistically
the same; so are Bosnia and Herzen-
govina; so is much of the hinterland
Of Dalmatia and large districts in
Hungary. In other words, a hundred
wears ago part of the Servian race
was subject to Turkey and part to
the Hapsburg monarchy. The part
under Turkish domination has won
its freedom; the other has not.
Bosnia and Herzegovina rose
against Turkey in 1876, as did Servia
proper. After the congress of Ber-
lin had settled the Balkan question in
1878, these two countries, so far from
receiving their freedom were handed
over to Austria, though remaining un-
der nominal Turkish suzerainty. They
promptly revolted, and were sub
dued only after four years of guerilla
warfare. Ever since then there has
been much bitter feeling and strong
army of occupation has been main
tanned
Annexed to Austria.
Austria spent large sums on public
Improvements, and felt that she had
property interests in the territory.
stitutional revolution in 1908 led to a
call for representatives to come to a
Parliament from all parts of the EN-
pire including Bosnia and herzegovina.
Austria had a good excuse for an
nouncing the annexation of these
countries. Servia protested violently,
and was backed up by Russia, but
Germany's support of Austria led to
the withdrawal of the opposition of
the SlaV powers and the annexation
was completed
This inAamed the feeling of the
Servians, which the promise of an
autonomous diet for the two provin-
ces did nothing to allay Austria's am
billions still looked toward the ulti-
mate acquisition of Salonica, and
Servian and Turkish territory lay
Squarely in the way. The first Balk-
an war made the situation more acute
for SerVian troops easily conquered
Western Macedonia and forced their
way through Albina to the Adriatic
by a series of brilliant winter cam
paigns.
Then Austrian diplomacy won
another victory. In the conferences
of the powers which followed the war
Montenegro was deprived of Scutari
and Servia was compelled to with
draw her troops from Albina.
Since then strong army has been
1t ali lliliCS ny HQSli
within striking distance of the Ser
more acute last winter when a stu
dents strike in Bosnia brought all the
latent hatred to a head and started
the train of events which led to the as
sassination of the Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife.
Where War Will Start.
Semlin, where the feet of monitors
is assembling, lies on the westbank o.
the Danube, just above the point
where the Save joins it. In the in
tersection of the two rivers the lofty
butte which is the core of the city OF
Belgrade, the Servian capital, which
thus juts out into Hungarian territory
Sonlin is only two or three miles
away, and is easily commanded by
guns placed on the heights of Bel
grade, as the land lying in the nigh
berhood is very low. At the inter
section of the two rivers is War Is.
land, a marshy expanse formed by
the silt brought down by the Save
Around this the Austrian transport:
would have to go to take troops dowr
the river, but the guns of warships a
Semlin could easily lombard the cit!
of Belgrade itself.
Semlin has a population of abou
$4,000 but is town of no special i'm
portance, except as a customs station
and the starting point of military
operations below the Danube. 1t il
almost surrounded by low-lying, very
swampy ground, through which th'
railroad goes on TO the southeast ant
crosses the Save into Belgrade at
point about three or four kilometer
distant.
Tenesvar is an important gailroac
center and garrison town OF abou
10000 inhabitants, about so miles cas-
of the Danube as it flows soutl
through the plain of Hungary, and Z
miles northeast of Belgrade. From !
diverge several railroad lines, whicl
could carry troops down to the Dan
ube SO as to commence an invasion
all along the northern frontier o
Servia.