The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1914-01-22

not sold by them, but leased or rented
The renter erects. at his own expense.
such buildings as he needs, and pays
all the taxes. When his lease expires
he must pay the increased rent which
his own improvements make possible
to charge. or else move, abandoning
his own building. Some recent sales
show the almost fabulous price which
the absentee landowner receives when
he does sell London real estate in the
more favored sections.
What is Great Britain to do about
It? Democracy. which Is. or at least
should be. the policeman and the part
ner Of industry. is already in the Uni
ted Kingdom doing something and
plans to do more. Let we'll enough
alone" no longer satisfies. much less
"let bad alone. lest the change bring
worse."
National Ownership Makes head~ay.
Three general plans OF land reform
have been seriously considered. and
each. to . degree. has been adopted.
The three plans are naturalization
of the land. the small holdings policy.
and taxation. Twenty years ago the
great Gladstone said: III the time
comes when the British nation finds
that the land should be nationalized.
and it 10 wise to do 1t. they have q
perfect right to do no." Nationalist
ton. which means the ownership BY
all the people Of all the land. is open.
~ talked. Indeed. 1t Is put into prac.
tical effect to q degree in government
purchase and ownership in the land
purchase acts. That striking form of
naturalization known as the single
tax. which brides itself on being ef
fected without compensation and by
the confiscation by the state of eco
nomic rent" has many strong advo
Gates. Rent being value created by
the whole community, say its support
ers, should belong to the whole COM
munity. All economic rent. the rent
Of the actual land apart from the i'm
'provements, ID unearned increment
The single takers would confiscate not
the land to the state. but the rent.
Compulsory Sale and Leasing.
Another form Of land naturalization
is considered. though not seriously.
This involves the taking over OF all
the land by the state. with compensa.
ton to the landlord. Small holdings
by compulsory purchases and small
holdings by compulsory leasing are
other plans actually pursued Under
these schemes the landlord is com.
PEELED to sell or lease small acreages
for actual farm use. Land hire by the
state and land purchase are involved
in this general scheme. A more dras.
tic measure has just been proposed by
Mr.. Will Thorne on the house of com
mons. Under the Thorne bill it would
be illegal for any person to hold. in ag
ricultural districts, any land, exceed
ing fifty acres in extent, in a waste OF
uncultivated state. unless 1t shall not
be possible to cultivate such land at q
profit, or unless it shall have been
devoted to some purpose Of public
utility.
"a Tax to Burst Land Monopoly"
The real attack upon the evils of the
present land ownership. the one about
which the flercest contention has Ia
ken place, Is that in Lloyd-George's
budget Of taxation. Many forms Of
land taxation have been proposed
considered and, occasionally. adopted
Land value taxation. in some form, en-
tiers into discussion everywhere. This
new land taxation, however, recently
carried into effect by the Liberal gov
eminent, Is not tax to raise revenue
but, to quote the pungent phrase o.
the chancellor of the exchequer in pro
posing it, "a tax to burst the lane
monopoly" This new system Of taxa
tfon included five per cent. duty or
mining royalties, a taxation OF gifts o.
nature or windfalls. 1t included tai
on the capital value of unworked min
erals, thus stimulating the exploitation
of mines hitherto unworked. The i'm
however, are involved in the incre
ment tax, the tax on undevelOpet
building land and on leasehold rever
sions. Under these sections two tai
values are placed on land, the sit
value and the improved value. Thu
tendency of the tax, as shown by IT
actual workings, is to bring more
building land into the market. thu!
relieving congestion in the cities ant
the country.
Under the system of long lease
holds. which is peculiar to Great Bri
tain, the owner of the freehold OF
tains. on the expiration OF the lease
its falling in" to employ an Englisl
phrase-"a property which has sui
stantially increased in value by reason
of the general growth of the commun
ity and independently Of any expendI
ture of labor or enterprise on the par
OF the owner"
The budget levies ten per cent dut.