Omaha daily bee., 1914-11-22

team being increased according to the
character of the labor. A half dozen
Jokes OF oxen may be used in hauling
out timber. and 1t takes long team to
drag the wheat on carts over the mud
roads to the stations. The oxen are
yoked by the horns, and they push
rather than pull. The yoke is fastened
to the tongue of the cart, and by push
ing against the yoke the cart is forced
onward. The animals in front OF the
first yoke which pushes the tongue,
have ropes reaching from their Jokes
to the cart. This method of working
seems cruel, although the natives claim
1t is not. When yoked up the oxen can
not move their heads from side to side,
and they are driven with long goads.
which end in sharp spikes These goads
are often so mercilessly used that the
blood runs down the sides of the beasts.
The cultivation of the farms here is
now largely done with American ma
chinery. see American windmills and
American plows and reapers and thrash
ers almost everywhere. The wire for the
fences is furnished by our steel trust.
and there is scarcely farm that is not
from the United States
At the same time the old methods move
along side by side with the new. Much
OF the grain is still thrashed out by
mares on thrashing floors. In this pro-
Ncess the ground is pounded hard, and the
sheaves OF wheat are cut open and spread
over 1t. Then drove of mares is driven
around and around to tread out the
grain. The winnowing is done by throw
ing the straw into the air. and the bag
ging is by hand. Adjoining a farm where
this may be seen, you may find an
American thresher, and the wheat may
be cut, thrashed and bagged in the fields.
Chile has no elevator system. After
thrashing all grain is taken at once to
the railroads and shipped. 1t is put up
In sacks Of 200 pounds and loaded on flat
cars. There are but few warehouses. Al
some OF the stations the grain in sacks
is piled up in the open. being covered
with canvas.
Poor Opportunities for Americans,
have been asked to write sometime
for Americans who wish TO come to this
region to settle. 1t seems to me that tn
opportunities are poor. and they can d
better at home. The government woul
like colonists, and on the frontier FIRE
lands may be had TO the extent of ~
acres for each head OF a family, an
seventy-four acres for each son who 1
of age. Contracts have been made wit
foreign colonists by which their steam
ship passages from Europe to Chile wer
advanced. and free railroad transporta
ton given to the place Of settlement
some cases the government has give
each family a yoke OF oxen, $50 board
for the building OF hut, and somethin
like fifty pounds of rails for fastenin
the boards into place. This has been o
the condition that the colonist establis
himself at once on the land given him
and that he work II steadily for at leas
six years. He contracts TO pay bac
without interest the amount of passag
money received, and also not to sell an
OF the stuff he gets from the state, no
to mortgage the property or dispose {
it until after the six years have passed
Under such conditions a few colonie
have been established. but altogether IN
number Of foreign settlers is small, an
OF the thousands OF families that hay
come here. those who remain may b
numbered on your fingers and toes. 1 d
not believe that there are any great OF
portunities for North Americans withoI
capital in Chile. 1t might be dlffereI
with those who have money and buy n
lands sold by the government at auction
At such sales one-third OF the purchas
price has TO be paid Immediately and IN
rest in ten yearly installments. the plaS
being mortgaged until all is paid. Al n
auctions the lands are sold in lars
tracts, some containing over 1900 acre
The owner agrees TO fence the land Will
In three years after purchasing II. lie
obliged to give, free OF charge, an
ground needed for roads built by the go,
eminent. and he must give rights Of wa