davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

cured a. minimum expense. Much
energy und money may be wasted in
applying remedies unless their applica-
ton - based on a thorough knowledge
or existing conditions. IN owner of an
infested estate should have an exami-
nation made by some qualified person
VINO can give reliable recommendation
as TO treatment
Each OF the New England states and
New York are carrying On work for the
control Of these insects. The orsaniza-
ton varies as between the states ow-
Ing to differences in local conditions
tu; the same general methods of work
are employed Particular Information
concerning local conditions may De OBJ
tanned by communicating with the state
officials in charge. Their addresses are
as follows
Major T.. =. Thllbrook. Portland. Ne.
Prof " e. okare. Durham. Y II.
MIR + : brigham - Alhans. Il
Irof, +. W. EaV". . Beacon street.
Eoston, Mass
rrof \. l.. Stcur. kingston. Il 7.
Or, W T.. iir.t;on, New Haven Conn
Mr. George g. A'wuod. Nlbauv, y. Y
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
AMERICAN GROWN TOBACCO.

Each important tobacco district or the
United States produces type OF to-
bacco for special purposes OF manufac-
ture or export. The methods OF grow
Ing and handling u crop must vary
according IN the type OF leaf desired.
and therefore according to the partcu-
lar districts where II Is grown. The
United States Department Of Arricul-
turc has just issued u bulletin on To-
bacco Culture" which recommends
methods for the production Of various
American types.
The bulletin emphasizes the fact that
overproduction IS "A constant menace in
all the established centres of tobacco
growing and that the development OF
the industry in new sections on large
scale Is hardly advisable az present.
Another reason why tobacco culture Ia
untricd sections may result N failure
Is that the leaf produced Will not be
quite right IN type. and therefore II
Will not lind satisfactory market.
The commercial value Of tobacco Is
Influenced to "A greater degree by par
ticular soil and climatic conditions than
Is that of almost any other important
crop. This has caused Rte Industry e
become highly specialized and the trade
looks regularly 10 we'll defined areas
for the various types of leaf X requires.
AS tobacco grows readily over 50 Lara,
an area Il IL not strange that many
farmers experiment with Il and often
secure seeming success. That is, the
plants grow readily. bu; when II comes
time To sell the crop the farmer can find
no market.
A typlca! district for the culture OF
cigar tubaccos is the Connecticut Valley
The new bulletin outlines briefly the
best cultural methods for this region
Detailed instructions are given on care
~ the seed bed preparing and fertilizine
the land, transplantlng and cultivat!ng
and harvesting.
The export and manufacturing types
Of tobacCos are grown mainly IA ken
tucky. Maryland. North Caroline, South
Carolina. Virginia, Tennessee, West
virginia southern ohio and southeast
crn Indiana. Rest methods for the
culture of IKE various types are en-
plaincd in the new bulletin.
one of the most troublesome ana en-
pcnsve features OF tobacco culture, par
tlculariy in the southern districts, "a
the control of numerous insects, when
If not combated would oftentimes COM
pletely destroy the commercial Nalu" of
the crop. Among the more important
insects attacking the tobacco plant may
he mentioned the tobacco flea he"tlc,
the tobacco "wireworm," cutwormS. the
hornworms, or green worms and tho
tobacco hudWorm. or these tn" horn
worms, or green worms" are usually
the most destructive,
The now bulletin, "TobacCo Culture" is
Farmers bulletin 81. The Principal
Insrrt- Affecting the Tobacco Plant j.
Farmers bulletin 100. Either II these
publications can be Ind fire." hy nppA-
cation to tho United states Department
- Agriculture. Washington, D. g,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

moth. II attached too early, before the
browntail caterpillGrs have made their
cocoons, the bands afford an excellent
place for the Cocoons. These catcrpillars
are poisonous. and severe poisoning hns
resulted To workmen because the cater
pillars accumulate under the Ourlap
bands attached too early in tho season.
The Use of hurlap bands Is also en-
penslve. However. II they are attached
10 tho trees after June IL they prove an
effective method Of control The cater
pillars seek shelter during hot sunny
DAYS and will therefore crawl beneath
the band. where they may be crushed
each day. Ordinarily a strip OF burlap
about eight inches wide IL placed loosely
around the tree trunk and piece OF
Irvine passed around the centre and tied
to hold il in place. After this Is done
the top part Of the burlap Is folded
down So that n double shelter Is made
beneath Eullc:!n NJ dr4 gives an IL
lustrati,n which shows tho effectiveness
Of this method when used =, TIE proper
time.
Early spraying IN orchards VII be
found useful II only few egg clusters
are prescst The most effective spray
for IN" gypsy moth is arsen0tc Of lead
paste applied 20 the foliage AZ the rae
Of 10 pounds t. 100 gallons ~ water.
In case the !ufc7;at!on is more serious
a SECOND spray!ns early in June VII
be found very satisfactory. In cases
where the !nfestation * severe the egg
clusters should le treated now before
spring with the creosotr mixture. and
this treatment should he followed by
thorough spraying IN the spring. Thor
ourhness IS a prime essential Il prompt
results are tn Ice secured
The proper method Of handling tn"
gypsy moth in any town, city or park
or on private estates should be- based on
the iufrstation as G',crmiurd hy som'
ono who is familiar with gypsy moth
work Il the h,st results are to be Sc
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
SWEET PEAS VS.. PERENNIAL
PEAS.
SUSAN l.. Oi>iE.

II THE SIN should offer a prize for an
article on the best anuua! tho subject
chosen 10y the majority of the Compct!-
tors would probably Ice sweet peas.
The craze for that flower has made
II national. go Wide is the interest. 50
pcrsevering the hybrldist IN the search
FOR new shades.
But to me ii is essentially n COM
merclal flower and more valuable as q
floral asset In "a shop window than IN IN
amateurs Gordon.
with sweet peas eternal vigilance
is the price or success. They must
be planted very early, in trenches;
they must be continually earthcd up;
the blooms must be removed daily Ia
AVOID seeding. and the eternal bother
about supports must be always mot.
The vines are not decorative any
more than those of the edible SORT. and
they belong in the vegetable garden
along with the caui!iiowcr.
In contrast. the perennial pea. So
rarely seen. Is "A most picturesque
plant. trailing over cottage doorway
or climbing pcreola; or concealing a
fence or II wall: or in any situation
whore Il climber Is needed, II is prince
to Il pRuper.
The latest form of these is the
"Grand.ilura' white pea. II Is simply
superb. y we'll established plant Will
yield more blooms than hundred
vines of the cphcmeral sweet pea
which 1t is true has the advantage OF
more varied cOlors aud swecter fra
GRANGE and IL a valuable asset in the
garden. but. II Is ovcrestimatcd. 7,
costs too much In Lime, labor and gar
denspacr. and N is early de'odence
II l. nero brush Tn" perennial pea
Is known 20 the profession as lathyrus
In England as the everlasting pea there
are over Il hundred varieties, nine of
which arr British The best variety
- the white. Aha grandiflora. The col
ored ones are in all shades Of mauve
and crimson. They are perpetual
boomers. increasing In beauty until
frost.
The perennial pea Is easily grown
from seed aud very hardy, but makes
but litt.c display the first year, unless
started very early In the house, but
one can buy roots aud strong clumps
at the florists very Chcap!y. and II Il
permanent Investment In the garden
Wire netting sttp:cd t. TIE fence IL an
invisible ana cheap support. Try t.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
GOOD ROADS OF GREAT VALUE
TO FARMERS

Good ROADS Increase tac va,U" -
country property and the census re-
ports show that bad roads keep many
children n the country from attending
schools
In many States the one room. one
teacher schools ARE bcng replaced hy
central schoohouses with n hall dos, II
rooms ana IA many teachers. Wagons
are sent out daily To sa,Atr NJ TIA" c.i'-
drrn and take them home again An the
children within a radius Of several miles
are thus provided with the most modern
school facilities Courses IN manual
training. agriculture aud home ccpnom-
les have been introduced, scientific APP
paratus utilized and teachers having
special qualifications and training EN-
played,
In Indiana in 1904 there was cN-
pended Ss60O0 for the c"nvoyanr" Of
children To consolidated schools. While
in 1905 100000 was expended. This
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

at th.s Limo as TO what can be done
with WINDOW box for a window re-
CeiNlng little or no direct sunshine.
Plants VIII not bloom freely without
sunlight. but very. attractive window
boxes can be made for shaded windows
by using ferns Of all kinds small palms,
begonias Of all kinds, fuchsias, vincas,
English and Kenilworth ivy. German
IVY agerntum. English daisies. farfug-
ium. nicotiana afiinis. musk. canary
creeper, nasturtiums heliotrope. violas.
achyrahthes. alternanthera, aucubas
aspidlstra. cyperus. iicus and peperon!a
a few Of the plants mentioned in this
list viii make n very handsome window
box that will keep green and the plants
will flourish in u window that receives
littlc or no direct sunlight. This box
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

S,ringless green pod Is one Of the
best early bush beans.
Blue bantam Is a good carly dwarf
pea. The vines average about Is inches
The flavor IS good and II Is very pro-
GIctiVe.
Golden cream sugar cora IS 4 cross
Of country gentleman and golden
bantam. 1t - early, about the size OF
"a after variety. 1t Is very sweet
Gai tender and we'll worth trying.
Vegetable marrow Is largely used in
England. but is almost unknown here.
Work liberal quantity of manure In
each hill and supply plenty OF moisture.
The fruits are oblong in shape and
should he eaten when less than half
grown. when the flesh II very tender.
They should be cooked like squash or
fred like egg plant.
Lilac queen Is new variety OF
sweet alyssum with heads OF lilac flow
ers. II Is OF dwarf growth
Double blue cornhower is OF the
same color as the popular single flow
cred variety. The flowers are fully
double and work IN attractively with
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
ART OF BEAUTIFYINC THE WINDOW WITH A
SIMPLE BOX AND A FEW PACKETS OF SEEDS
Artistic Display Obtained in Year
Round Gardening With Little En-
pense--.Many Styles of Boxes Used---
Advice to the Amateur Danger of
POtted Plants

punt OF bone meal a,c mix thoroughly.
Four or Ave quarts # dried manure,
sold by seedsmen and florists. added TO
each bushel of soil will give splendid
results.
II ANNALS are grown In the boxes In
summer these can be cleared out In the
autumn. the soil well stirred. mixing
with 1t handful o. bore meal! when
the box can be tilled up with bulbs. II
TO be used for winter towering plants
a few handouts of dried manure should
also be- added.
A few packets OF seeds OF ANIMALS viii
give the best display Mt the least ex-
pense--dwarf nasturt!ums. candytuit,
sodc;las clarkias. mignonet;e. sweet
alyssum, suapdragons, z!nnias. amaran-
thus. ageratum, gaiilardia. petunia and
phlox and u few tall nasturtiums and
canary creeper planted close to tho front
of the box to hang over the side.
Where little more expense may be
INDUCED in u very snowy box can be
made with English iv!es. ivy leaved
geran!uns. heliotropes. geranlums,
fuchsias. bego.ias, ageratums. lobelius.
cupheas lantonas, petun.as, centaureas
and coleus Will make very SNOWY mixed
boxes.
For solid oolors geranums or mar
gueritcs can be used with English Ivy
or German ivy In front. hanging over
the side OF the box. Two color con-
trasts can be made Of white marguerites
for the centre. with an ,edging of blue
lobolia. Hydrangeas and the dwarf
Towering cannas can also be used TO
advantage In window boxes. Centaurea
candidis!ina Is useful on account Of its
white, erect foliage Tor contrast
Every year the question comes UP Just
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

"a contribution TO the water holding ca
pacity of that soil The soil moisture
Is a most important matter. We have
not enough rainfall during our grow
ing season To produce "a maximum crop.
The ordinary farm rotation, even with
manure applications, does not maintain
the organic contents of the soil 10
produce maximum crops. Organic mat
ter must he put into the land by grow
ing legumcs or IN any other way.
Lime plays an important part in the
circulation of plant foods IN the soil.
AS a fruit grower Or Lipman says he
would not pay more than $l2 or Sl|
ton for Stag Analysing Il or Is per cent.
phosphoriC acid: Tor other besides fruit
crops he might not use II at all.
small application of acid phosphate may
hasten the termination of seed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

fastening II with screw eyes and stout
copper or galvanized iron wire.
There arc several styles Of window
boxes--in terra Gotta and carthen ware
and where expense is no object and
an artistic box Is desired these are
the nos. attractive. Imitation stone
boxes are offered by dealers in this
ware, and they are quite artistic. Being
absorbent. they suit the requirements
OF plants very well. Provision must be
made for drainage in every plant box.
Wooden boxes. II homo made, should
be given good coat OF paint or two
before they are put together to Keep
the wood from rotting. Wooden boxes
can DO painted dark green or orna-
mented by covering with virgin cork
or split birch an inch or two wide. with
the bark on Give the boxes nine Inches
depth inside and M great width as the
window gill will permit.
Three or four strips Of wood an
inch square should be placed across
the sill to allow the air to get beneath
the box and so prevent It's rottirg
An inch ot rough material, such as
stones or broken bricks rs large AZ
hickory nuts. pieces II brol;en crooks
or coarse cinders. should be placed In
tho bottom. " tho box 10 insure good
drainage. otherwise the earth Will work
down into the drainage holes and clog
than and the soil VIII soon become
sour and injury to the pants Will re-
suit. \ llttle moss spread over the
drainage litter will keen the soil IN
place and keep II from drying out too
rapidly.
Fill the box with good rich !oam and
mix a little sand with It. II It Is avail
able. and To each bushel uf soil add q
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
GYPSY AND BROWNTAIL MOTHS.

The depredations OF the gypsy and
the brownta!l moths on the fruit and
shade trees Of New England have not
been SO serious during the past season
as IN previous years. Diseases and IN
troGuccd parasites have attacked the
Caterpillars OF these moths and have
caused At least temporary cheek on
certain new territory has been infested.
and i - OF vital importance tina; az
gressivc measures bc continued to con.
troll these dargerous insects. Farmers
Bulletin No. 56i, entitled The Gypsy
Moth and the Browntail Moth. With
Suggestions for Their Control" has just
been issued 10y the Department Of Agri-
culture and should br in the hands o;
every one Interested In this subject.
The gypsy moth is capable of causing
enormous injury 10 tree growers. In
the area IN New England which has
suffered most thousands Of trees are
dead as a rosul, Of being deprived Of
their leaves lay this pest. Apple and OAK
trees have been injured most; pines
have also suffered severely. 1t spreads
rapidly. and in Europe. where II has beeI
longer IN evidence, II has become SCI
riously injurious To many sections. The
damage IT causes Is ordinarily no: 80
severe as is that resulting from gypsy
moth infestat!on because the browntaN
moth does not have So wide "A range OF
food plants ard because the bulk Of
this feeding is don" very onrly IN the
season. so tina, the trees hay" an oppor-
tunity To Recover before midsummer.
In the territory where both insects eN-
ist tho catcrpillars IT the gypsy moth
supplement the work which - done
hy those Of the hrowutail moth. and the
injury IL therefore greatly increased
ono ~ the best methods of control
ling the gypsy moth is 10 treat the egg
clusters nf the Insect between August !
and April with croosote \ small
amount OF lampblack Is added 10 d!.-
color the treated eggs, and q * sold
in the gypsy moth infested district under
the name of "gypsy moth Creosotc." 1t
is applied with brush ana penetratcs
the cluster rapidly. destroying the eggs.
Crcosote may be obtained In small uuan-
titles from nearly all the large ntrd-
ware or seed stores IN tn" infested dis
trirt. where (, usually sells for ahiut
30 cents "A gallon. If secured N larger
quantities "A much lower price can Ice
obtained.
The hrownthll moth cnn be- controlled
10y cutting or IT'S winter webs and burn
Ing them before the Catcrplllars begin
to emerge IN April These webs should
bc destroyed hy ire. for II they are sim
ply cut from the tree and left On the
ground the catcrpllars Viii emerge and
hanHIf WIll TtGiIlf the work
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
GARDENING PROBLEMS.

l.. l.. Il. LAZY OF the valley clumps
should be planted at once. 'ipS are
used for forcing in the autumn, nut
clumpS are planted in til" open ground
In tn" sprlnr Plant in partially
shaded location. II ohtainahlc mix Il
liberal supply of leaf mould with the
soil. II the soil ~ clay mixing sand
with IL viii be beneficial LNy ~ tnr
valley succeeds IN most any soil and tho
culturc IL very simple. Plant just below
the surface ana do not allow the soil To
become dry. The plants will soon spread
and after II few years VIII grow 50
thickly that II will he necessary To re-
make the beds and thin out the plants.
J, \. C., Chicago.-Iily 81 the valley
that has lowered in . pot con be
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

can be taken In the house IA the autumn
and will continue To flourish. IL "a little
fertilizer Ia worked into the top soil.
Occasionally n fragrant window box
Is wanted. The following plants may
be used for this purpose: mignonctte.
rose. lemon nutmeg OF oak lcaved ge-
raniums, cedronella, triphyna. hello
tropo and hcbenstrctia comosa.
Later on wo VIII have more 20 say
about window boxes for autumn and
winter
Our illustrations show very ordinary
specimens Of window and porch boxes
We would Ike to receive photographs
Of the window boxes of our readers,
when the boxes are at the height o.
perfection, with list ~ the plants they
contain.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

flower next year.
Travelling greenhouses. greenhouses
on wheels travelling on rails so as to
permit them to be shifted from one
crop growing in the garden to another.
are supposed To be entirely new and
it is reported that patent was re-
Gently issued on them In England
Or. Pickering used a travelling green
house in Guernsey some time previous
to 1911. and they were used elsewhere
in England about this time, so they
are not altogether new.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

expenditure for transportation reflects
in a general way. the extent and prog
ress Of this new educational movement
This expenditure is no, an additional
burden. as It IL saved IN other d!rec-
tions-thrt IA. by the decrease in the
number OF schools and economy IN their
operation
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
Do You Love Flowers?

~, 10 Those Who appreciate or"it' ..
It"H Giant orchid Towering tilhdlolus bulbs
A.nl Sp"clH ~ iCction nd including The new and
ere tlur rlHdulus Peacock" Ike giant pansy
t.''oins. sent prepaid J)c Artistic booklet OF
ht hid wonderful gladioll free. Twenty -hNe
e"sIGh received season OF 1913
u T. MEADfR, Dover. y. H.
60, GiHdiolu> Specialist.
,Nh'f ordering. men lion the sun, ana receive
''t rtchrl Guttcrhy sweet lcas.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

Pots DO not took well on Il window sill
and they are dangerous. as they are
likely to he blown of or Rocked on, with
the possibility of lnjurinG or killing peo-
pie who may Ice passing There Is an
ordnance asairs, keeping pots On win
dow sills in New York city.
The first consideration with a window
box when placed on the outside ~ the
,'.ndow is 10 lake 1t absolutely secure.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

,hIlE ioTS FOR EARLY VEGETABLES.
W. IONS arI Uua beans started In paper pots
th4'' g,.i are ripe three weeks earlier Al
we thl't'a Ek Sta tomatoes ripentd nine
.1ff 'i '"r and Welded four tons more per
,,it fr''. shipped nat. $50 by Parcel Post.
i'i D. press or Freight, 1000 for 81 20
., T. -, Crosby a. son, Cations
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26
HARDWOOD ASHES

Nature, owa fertilizer. Improves lawns AID
garden.
CIORGE STEVENS, Pc,erboro, ont, can.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

PLEA microphya, or artillery plant.
deserves To be better known 1t Is low
growing messy looking plant. remark
able for the manner in whio1 II dis
charges It's pollen grains. When the
minute flowers are ready 10 expand the
least moisture causes tho CaIyN TO eN-
pand and the pollen Is thrown out to u
considerable distance. The plants are
very useful for baskets. vases and
rockeries.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

William Plumb. formerly chief hort!'
culturist of New York state and super
intendent of Eastern hortCultur.st e%'
hiblts at the Columbian Exposition, VII
be in charge of the Western hortlcuI'
tural exhibits at the Panama-raciiic In
ternational Exposition,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

Cannas are easily grown from seed,
Tue seed should be soaked twenty -four
hours IN warm water before planting
The water should not be scald!nS or II
will destroy the vitality OF the seed
After soaking plant the seeds in pots
and keep them in "A warm room until
the plants appear. After the pants are
up they can be gradually accustomed
to "a cooler temperature.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

Currants can stand n little shnd'. The
crop ranges from Ia tn tons an
acre. Perfection Is good commercial
sort, hut not so vigorous in growth or
as productive as Wilder according 10
Prof. Taylor, The fault found with
the wilder IL that II has tendency to
make an excessive wood growth ana IS
therefore hard to control.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

Bryonopsls lachiniosa IS a beautiful
annual climber Of the gourd species.
The ivylike foliage is pale green l.
bears round green fruit striped with
waite. turning 10 bright scarlet, striped
white.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-26

Fire queen Is a new reddish purple
heliotrope. The flowers are sweetly
scented. The plant is dwarf In habit
with metallic green foliage.