davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

lieved to be self-sighting device, by which the gun. after being aimed at one spot, proceeds auto. matically to cover surrounding space of a quarter of 8 mile with shrapnel shells, so that no ex- posed men can live within that space.
 The military rifles used by the Belgian troops were made for the most part in the great small arms plant known as the Fab rique Rationale, located at Her
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

wounds were respectively as follo|
 Franco German war: Germl 2S.600; Russo Turkish war: q sians, 16,600; Russo-Japanese VI Japanese, 58,600.
 Whence the result appears to| that for each man killed the d was: Tn 1S70-1S71, $21, ,000: in 1S 1878, s15.000; n 1905. $21,500. ures as high as or higher than tT} given by the American paper.
 I expected, when undertaking t| calculation. to find an increas| progression in cost from 1870 1905.
 While on the one hand the engii of war have been perfected. th| price has risen In full proporti| On the other hand progress In / art of killing has been matched {
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

TTHE worldthrilling defense of Liege by
 the Belgians against the Germans has
 ~ illustrated in an extraordinary man ner the possibilities of murdering men in masses possessed by modern weapons of war.
 The German theory of war. as far as we can judge by .he English and French reports sent US, Is that masses of men must be hurled against Notifications and defences and moved forward ir a fixed line without regard to tho losses sustained. Military experts of other countries believe that modern defensive works well defended can never be taken by frontal attacks in masses, because the power of rapid fire artillery, rifles and explosives is so great that practically every inch of ground before them is swept for miles, end only an insignin- cant fraction of an attacking force can pos rlbly come through this fire alive. Such was the problem partially decided at Liege.
 An ideal defensive position, such as that cf Liege. includes as it's backbone a series of steel forts of cupola shape, whose guns command the country in every direction for ten miles. The cupolas are indestructible by any field guns in use. The country donin- ated by the Belgian guns Is covered with ob- jects such as rocks, houses, trees, whose dis tance is measured to an inch AS the German forces reach these spots the Belgian gunners can destroy them with mathematical accur- acy. Large areas of ground over which the grass is growing innocently are, mined with high explosives, which can be fired by cleo.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

sleepers, or logs, and as pean railways use iron sl, there is afforded a ready J the pits. The ground placed so as to throw a cl| all converging on the rod sary to conceal the surfs| and for that reason 1t is able to place them in the| der present day arrange| mines are connected up bJ are fired by the defenders| troops are close up to thf| fonms of warfare so drt,
 these modern ground mineI
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

tr1c wires rom the { Belgian forts. Thus a whole German reg iment in a field may be blown to atoms. Nearer the forts are large zones of barbed wire entanglements hidden in bushes, long grass, standing wheat, etc. Troops caught in there be- come a helpless tar get for Shrapnel.
 When a party of attackers tries to hide in a depression in the ground the cupola rises up like a destroying monster and shoots down at its victims. q
 Aeroplanes an d captive balloons sig nal to the Belgians
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

The Belgian field artillery is of the same caibre, practically as the French, and the French possess today what is generally re- garded as the most efficient artillery in the world. The French artillery plans are care fully guarded, and although much is heard of the French system, it can be set down that whatever is said about the French cannon is largely conjecture. It is known, however that Belgian artillery uses ammunition of practically the same characteristics as that of the French service.
 The Belgian cannon of all calibres have long ranges. The AZ inch gun can throw shell to distance of five miles, and it is estimated that from IS to 22 shots per min. ute can be gotten with the gun when served by an expert crew.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

Undoubtedly the French field guns possess many remarkable secret features. One is be-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-06

"a German advanced sharpshoofers caught In ' Us entangIements. z, v Belgian aeropIanes attacking German dI = Grappng hooks are used by the aeroplane f! O German infantry attacking Belgian lines of us matically swept by nachine gun and rifle firI n --Fougasse mines arranged to explode pres| Os tric wire. exploding under the attacking coluI n --BuIIdings set on fire by shell fire, because lOs bor sharpshooters of the defense. IT German machine guns and rapid fire spun3 IL type fired from armored motor cars.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
TEUT0NS BEGIN new OFFENSE
IN THE CAMPAIGN IN BELGIUM
After Remaining Inactive for Two Days Kaser's Forces
Obtain Remforcements and Move
Toward Brussels.
T0DAY's DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WAR

official French
their forward march Alsace where said have
been captured from the Germans well prisoners and the
Alsatian infantry regiment which
the French Office.
have begun preliminary advance toward Brussels
Belgian
outposts.
The British official bureau today that the French fleet
the Mediterranean has made the Adriatc far
Cataro and that small Austrian of the Aspern of a36
tons fired on by the French vessels and sunk
Petersburg reports by
frontier, where Austrian dagoon
said have suffered severely in saber engagement
German dreadnought reported by the Dutch
having action He arriving
Holland today that she lying in harbor Trondh Nor
way, severely damaged.
Dispatches saying Greece had received information of the
sage through Bulgarian territory Turkish troops going
Greece published Copenhagen It said Greece
ened take similar
Germany has followed Englands example of
countries acknowledging receipt President Wilson's proer Of
good Offices Russia has not yet replied
The Japanese press regards umatm Germany
containing reasonable demands
Large numbers of American
from Europe whence they had hurried after the outbreak of
large of the relief
the British Isles London from the American cruiser
Tennessee Falmouth today.
The Pope have recovered his
disposition induced by grief
of war;
Evening star., 1914-08-17
RUSSIA REPORTS VICTORIES
OVER AUSTRIAN INVADERS
Gar Cavalry Repulses Enemy's Advance
- Guard and Compels Retreat From
Towns In Russian Poland.

ST. PETERSBURG. via London, Au-
gust II. 12:45 p.m.-The Russian war
office today issued an official communi-
cation, giving information as to the
recent military movements on the from
tier between Austrian Galicia and Rus
sian Poland. It says:
1.-The defensive operations and the
movements Of accommodating detach-
ments Of the Russian army on the
frontier Of Galicia between August 13
and II led to a series of attacks by
cavalry supported by infantry and ar
tillery.
"In the provinces Of Pietrokoff and
Kielce the Austrian cavalry occupied
a front Of over fifty miles in length. ex-
tending along a line from Tchensto-
chova through Andrejew to Sandomic.
The cavalry was supported by infantry
and by artillery.
Invasion Is Checked.
august IA. Austrian advance guards
penetrated short distance into Rus
sian territory. It is reported that this
offensive movement was checked by
the Russian troops.
IAN Austrian attempt to advance
from Andrejew toward Ktelc failed
August Is. when the Russian troops
by a series of brilliant cavalry attacks
succeeded in dislodging the enemy
from Kielce and also occupied town
in the Tomaschoff district.
THE Russian cavalry cut up the
Austrian advance guards and invaded
the frontiers Of Austrian Galicia, pene-
trating distance Of eight miles.
Near Tomaschon Russian cavalry
inflicted serious losses on the 18th
Austrian Dragon regiment in a bril-
liant saber engagement.
Russian cavalry is in close contact
with the enemy everywhere"
Evening star., 1914-08-17
TO BRING AMERICANS HOME.
Officers Go to Newport News to Fit
Out Transports.

Lieut. Col. William E. Horton. Quar-
termaster Corps. will proceed to Newport
News. Va, for temporary duty pertain
ing to the fitting out Of transports for
the relief Of Americans stranded in
Europe. Lieut.. Col. Horton will proceed
to Newport News via this city for confer
ence with the quartermaster general OF
the army.
BY direction Of the President, the fol-
lowing-named ofAcers will proceed at
once to Newport News, Va. and report to
Lieut. Col Horton for assignment to duty
as transport quartermasters: Capt. John
L. De Witt, Quartermaster Corps: Capt
Briant H. Wells. 18th Infantry: Capt
James D. Tilford. Sd Cavalry; Capt. James
v. Heidi. 9th Infantry; First Lieut. Will
liam G. Meade, I'd Cavalry. and First
Lieut. william w. Rose, Coast Artillery
Corps.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
Field and Machine Guns
Taken During the Assault
and Cavalry Pushes Or

PARIS, August II. 1,05 a.m.-An Off.
cial announcement today by the French
war office says:
1.-The advance Of the French armies
continue to develop. Our troops have
assaulted and taken the heights to
the north Of the Alsatian frontier in
German territory. and the French line
now passes through Amechevillier.
Lorquin, Azoudange and MarsaL
I'm the Donon Or Rougemont region
we have occupied Schirmeck, seven
and one-half miles from Saales. Alsace.
and we have captured twelve German
field guns, eight machine guns and
twelve gun carriages, with ammuni-
ton.
"Our cavalry has penetrated as far
at Lutzelhausen and Muhlbach or Ros-
helm.
Get Heavy Artillery.
FARTHER to the south we occupy
Vile. east Of Durbeis. on the road to
schlestadt. and Saint Croix-aux-Mines.
and some heavy field artillery has been
captured by the French troops.
I'm Alsace we have a strongly sup
nay to Dannemarie.'
The haVaS Ne"S agency aiSo says
French troops have occupied the town
of Schirmack. twelve kilometers (seven
and one half miles) beyond Saales in
Alsace, and that the French cavalry
then pushed on to Mulbach and Lutzel-
hansen.
French Take ], 200 Prisoners.
The official press bureau of the
uar of7ca and admiralty IN London has
issued a statement saying that French
troops, in the course of a rapid ad--
vance along the valley of the Schir-
meek, have taken 1000 prisoners.
The scene Of the fighting of the last
few days in upper Alsace, the official
announcement continues. shows the
great destructive effect Of the fire of
the allied artillery. Trenches abandoned
lC,onfinued ON Third Pa1el
Evening star., 1914-08-17
REFUSES LOAN TO FRANCE.
Morgan Acquiesces in Neutrality De-
cisiou Of u. s. Government.

NEW YORK. August 17.-Acquiescence
in the decision Of the United States gov
ernment, as announced by Secretary OF
State Bryan Saturday. that 1t would moi
favor loans to European belligerents was
expressed in wireless dispatch from J.
p. Morgan on his yacht. the Corsair. re-
layed to New York by way Of Boston
yesterday.
.'The question Is disposed Of by the
opinion as expressed by the Secretary OF
state" the message read. '"The Morgan
Arm il SO advising the French tnterme-
diaries who approached them in this
matter"
Evening star., 1914-08-17
NEWS AGENCY SAYS NON-MLLITARY
ARE ATTACKING GERMAN TROOPS

BERLIN. via Copenhagen and Lon.
don. August 1.-THE. Wolff bureau, the
semi-oficial news agency Of Germany,
circulates the following note:
1.-The conduct OF the Russians in those
places taken by US appears, like the con-
duct Of the Belgian population toward the
German troops, contrary to the law OF
nations.
Last night shots were fired on Ger
man troops from an ambush at Kalisse.
in Russian Poland. Two soldiers were
killed and twenty injured. It seems un-
doubted that the attack was delivered by
non-military inhabitants Of the place, and
Evening star., 1914-08-17
German Advance Checked,
at Least for Time BEING,
by the Belgian 0utposts

LONDON. August II. $40 ANA
Reuter- dispatch from Paris says q
| message received there from Berlin
announces that the German emperor
started this morning for Mainz with
the general staff.
An Amsterdam dispatch to the Cen
trail News also says Berlin reports that
the German emperor has left for the
front
After remaining virtually inactive
| for two days certain troops Of German
cavalry. who were recently repulsed
by the Belgians. have undertaken new
offensive operations against the Bel
gian front.
1t is evident that the Germans were
awaiting reinforcements. When these
OF Wavre. a town fifteen miles south
east of Brussels. During this advance
the Germans encountered the fire Of
the Belgian outposts,- and after q num-
ber of skirmishes the German offen-
stve movement stopped.
This information was obtained from
official sources in Paris, in dispatches
dated 11:40 pm. today.
Situation Cannot Endure.
LONDON. August II. 2:4o a.m.-rhe
Daily Telegraph's military correspond
ent at Paris says that the general situ-
alton on Frances northeastern frontier
Is unchanged. but that the situation
cannot long endure the pressure Of the
accumulating forces.
The great heat has been abated by
a thunderstorm and the dense masses
Of troops along the frontier are in
good health and spirits, but as the
masses become concentrated this situ-
alton. he believes, Is not likely to con-
tinue. In particular, water for the
vast number Of men and animals Is
pretty certain to run short In many
localities.
''It Is uncomfortable" he adds, that
a general contest can be much longer
delayed"
Battle at Dinant.
The correspondent of the Times at
Namur. describing the plan Of battle
Evening star., 1914-08-17

1t Is suspected that these bands are con.
nected with the government.
AS in France and Belgium, the Ger.
man troops will act drastically to SUP.
press those attacks.
LONDON, August ia dispatch from
the semi-of1icial news agency at st. Pc.
tersburg says German reports that the
Russian government has formed on the
frontier bands of irregulars who commit
atrocities are officially denounced as
false.
Russia, 1t is declared. has not formed
any bands of trregulars. and the object
of these reports Is to impute to Russia
the excuses which the German TROOPS
themselves commit on the wounded and
on the peaceful populations.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
Germans Near Russian Border.

Germans Near Russian Border.
LONDON, August 17.-German cavalry
is officially reported to be concentrating
in eastern Prussia on the Russian border
and German reserve troops are said to be
advancing to the southwark along the
frontier.
A st. Petersburg dispatch to Reuters
says 1t Is officially declared there that
there is no truth In the suggestion that
Germans in Russia are being transported
to Siberia
The official Russian communication adds
that two German destroyers have bonn
barded Palangen, Russian town on the
Baltic. but without damage.
Another dispatch from st. Petersburg
says the Austrian troops evacuated the
towns of Kielce and Chencin, in Russian
Poland. August 13. after an attack by
Russian cavalry. which dispersed a body
of 800 Czech Inhabitants of Sokalin, Aus
trian Galicia, who were supported by the
10th Regiment Of Austrian Dragons.
Russians Retreat From Germany.
The following dispatch received by
wireless from Berlin was given to the
London newspapers:
Two Russian cavalry divisions ap-
peared in the east and, having set fire
to the small town of Marggrabowa,
east of Prussia, withdrew over the
frontier"
Austrian Army Advances.
BERLIN, August 16., via Amsterdam
and London. LIS pm, August 1.-THE
northward advance Of the Austro- Hun
garian armies continues both along the
right and left banks Of the River vistula
forming the boundary between Aus
trta, Galicia and Russian Poland.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
CREEKS ASK TURKEY TO EXPLAIN
REPORTED MOVEMENT OF TROOPS

LONDON. August II, p.m-Ofacial
dispatches say Greece has received infor-
nation that Turkish troops are cross
ing Bulgarian territory and marching
in the direction of Greece.
The Hellenic government in conse-
quence Of these reports has notified
Turkey that il this news should be
confirmed corresponding military and
Evening star., 1914-08-17

naval measures will be taken immedi-
ately by Greece.
A dispatch from Rome, received by
the Havas agency. says the Tribuna as
serts 1t has learned from a good source
PLANTATION in Constantinople about the
mobilization of the Turkish troops on
the frontier of Thrace and that If the
Turkish governments reply IL not sat
isfactory Greece will mobilize her army.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
RUSSIA USING TWO MIGHTY FORCES
TO STIMULATE ZEAL FOR THE WAR

ceded by bearded and robed priest of
the Orthodox Church. carrying the cross
Bands play alternately religious music
and barbaric airs.
1T is not merely war;" adds the cor
respondent. 'it is a holy crusade, and also
a crusade in accordance with the Pan
Slavonic IDEAL"
Evening star., 1914-08-17

LONDON. August II, 4:20 a.m.-The st.
Petersburg correspondent OF the Daily
Standard says that the Russian authori-
ties are using two mighty forces to stimu-
late zeal for war among the people-re-
ligious fervor and racial solidarity.
The marching Russian troops are pre-
Evening star., 1914-08-17
.LAC0N|A IN SAFELY
WITH 1900 ABOARD
Refugees From War Zone
Crowd Ship, With Wealthy
Persons in Steerage.
BRITISH LINER CROSSED
LIGHTS OUT AT NIGHT
Canopic Reaches Boston, With 200
American Tourists Returning
Home-Patria Sails.

NEW YORK. August 17.-More than
1000 passengers, most of them -Ameri-
cans who scurried out of Europe at the
outbreak Of hostilities, reached New
York today on the Cunard liner La
coma from Liverpool. There were 54a
in the first cabin, ATT in the second and
64S in the steerage. Sixty in the steer
age were persons of wealth who could
get no other accommodations.
Besides steaming at night with lights
out to avoid German warships, the La
coma had her topsides. bridge and fun
the Norwegian line. August 10 she
was spoken by the big Aquitania, now
a British cruiser.
Many of the Laconia's passengers en-
dured hardships in getting out of the
war zone and most of them left their
baggage behind.
Baggage in Whee1barrow.
One man, who stated he was in wies-
baden when the general exodus began
was obliged to walk for miles to cross
the border. He carried his baggage on
a wheelbarrow and crossed into Bel
gium by way Of Liege. He estimated
that 1000 persons, Americans. English,
Belgians and others, were crossing at
the same time.
The Laconia came straight across the
Atlantic and saw none of the enemies
ships.
The Norwegian steamer Bjornste-
jerne Bjornsen arrived today from
Rotterdam. Capt. Reinersten said that
when he left Rotterdam British battle
ships and cruisers were on guard from
Ostend to Brest making navigation OF
the channel difacult He steamed
through the North sea and Peneland
firth north Of Scotland. and came
course.
Patria Sails for France.
The Fabre line steamer Patria start
ed for France yesterday with 600 pas
sengers, most of whom were reservists
bound for France. Only six women
were among the passengers.
Many of the returning reservists had
put on French military uniforms when
the steamer left. There were two
Germans on board. They refused to
say what had led them to take pas
sage on the French steamer or to tell
where they were going.
The only other vessel sailing for a
the Cunarder Ansonia for Liverpool.
Canopic Brings 200 Home.
BOSTON. August 1.-Two hundred
American tourists, who we're overtaken
In southern Europe by the war, arrived
yesterday on the steamer Canopic Of
the White Star line. Some Of them
were destitute.
The Canopic left Naples August 4 and
made the run to Gibraltar at full
speed, passing within twenty miles Of
German cruiser. according to an
intercepted wireless message from
Gibraltar. She was escorted far out
into the Atlantic by two torpedo boat
destroyers.
Passengers expressed the belief that
the liner was under surveillance Of
British warships throughout the voy-
age. The usual stop at the Azores was
omitted.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
German Cruiser Halts Swedish Ship

LONDON, August II, 4:o5 a.m.-The
Exchange Telegraph Companys Paris
correspondent says that he learns from
an ofIicial source at Stockholm that the
Swedish steamer Hansa was stopped
by a German cruiser not far from the.
Stockholm archipelago.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
Not Favored in Toxic.

Germany's naturalization proposal ap-
parently was not favored in Toxic.
Since the German fleet sailed into
Kiau-Chau harbor sixteen years ago and
claimed the territory as indemnity for
alleged attacks on German missionaries.
Japan's avowed intention has been to
restore II TO her oriental neighbor.
The Anglo-Japanese alliance was said
to have brought about Japan's decisive
step In that direction. Recent exchanges
between officials of the Japanese and
British governments were said to have
resulted in Great Britains taking the
attitude that her special interests" in
the far east as mentioned in the treaty
were menaced by the operations Of Ger
man warships In oriental waters, and by
the general situation involved in Ger
manye military strength in Kiau-Chau
Japan was said to have lost no time In
accepting the British viewpoint.
Evening star., 1914-08-17
Would Have U. S. Protest
Against Seizure by Japan
of German Port in China

The apprehension that the latest
Japanese diplomatic move in the far
CONTINUED on Second Page.)
Evening star., 1914-08-17
THE DAY IN CONGRESS.
Senates
Met at II o'clock.
Debate on registry bill con-
tfnued

HOuaes
Met at noon.
Passed resolutions calling on the
Department Of Agriculture for in
formation as to the work of the
departments publicity bureau.
Discussed measures coming up
under unanimous consent calendar.
Evening star., 1914-08-17

Continued on Third Page. J
Evening star., 1914-08-17
WEATHER.

Partly cloudy and continued warm to-
night and Tuesday; gentle to moderate
south winds.
Temperature past twenty four hours:
High. SO. at 1:45 pm. today; low. 65, at
am. today.
Full Report on Page Eleven.
Evening star., 1914-08-17

The correspondent of the Times at
Namur, describing the plan Of battle
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-05-18
FOR MISS MAXWELL AND MRS
STEMS.

Mrs. Noah Webster Steiner, rs
Twenty-second street. has issued cards
TO a party to be held at the Rock Is
land club Tuesday. May 20, when she
will introduce her niece. Miss Mar
garet Isabelle Maxwell. to society and
in honor of Mrs. John William Steenis
OF Davenport. The affair will be a
song recital and a dansante. Miss Max
we'll to give the vocal numbers. Miss
Maxwell recently made her first ap-
pearance as a soloist. taking the part
OF Gretel in Humperdinck's opera. Han
sci and Gretel. and she scored a great
success and much praise from the
musical public. She has been taught
by Mrs. John w. Steenis of Davenport.
who is given credit for the training
shown by Miss Maxwell.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-05-18
Announcement.

Carse & Ohlweiler company wish
to thank all patrons and the public in
general for past favors shown them in
the way of patronage and good will.
They will be glad to know that the
late John Ohlweiler's interest in the
company has been transferred to his
widow. Martha Ohlweiler and John
Ohlweiler, Jr, the latter having been
with the company for the past 40years
and that the former interests and the
management will remain the same.
We are always at your service. AID
hope to be favored with your future
business.
CARSE & OHLWEILER co.