Evening star., 1914-10-01
How the War Affects Us.
tXXXIX.-Uniting American
Trade Efforts.
By Frederic J. Haskin.


TIE bitter struggle of our European
nekkhbors has done more to awake this
nation to a complete sense of its des-
ting and to fuse 1t into a conscious
whble than could have been predicted
a homogeneous, dominant nation will
aribe out of the ashes of the European
conflict, and that nation Will be the
United States of America.
While other nations have boasted the
fullest measure of the spirit Of cos
mopo1itanism, none of them has ap-
PREACHED the United States in its ad-
mission of the excellencies of others
and in it's willingness to feel itself de-
pe1ident for much outside support. With
alIEurope plunged In war. this support
has been withdrawn. Americans are
awSking to the fact that after all they
arsF fully capable of taking care OF
themselves.
TAe American may in way have
bedr a provincial Truly, the average
Anierican's preoccupation with the pol
thes1earning of other countries has not
beeh so apparent as in the case OF
EuEbpean peoples. But has he not fol-
lowed his fellows in other lands as
cloSely as they have followed one an
Aotbkre Undoubtedly. he has.
AShericans have been accused of only
5kndwing of the cultural life of Europe
4 in q general way On the other hand,
feuE Americans have taken the trouble
to tearn all there was to know about
theE -own country. Many are as ig-
norEnt of conditions in other parts of
sss sSs"ss affairs as of hsS e1s Of sas
briefly, Americans have worked with
bznd in competition with the world as
residents of sections.
Compete Only as citizens of a state.
country or city. And
d OiIlAeAs. all outside of their i'm
mediate vision has been as foreign as
anyspart of another land. Only recent
~ has the country started to draw its
forces together in preparation Tor
struggle of nations.
ItS is different with the nations
abroad. The German empire has found
ed it's strength upon close corpora
tion of all of it's parts and peoples. IL
has been Germany in especial contra-
distinction to the rest of the worio
which has enabled them to make soGh
successful headway against their 6rlt-
ish and American compet1tofS. HsI-
mans have all worked in unison 1or
their father1ands supremacy. The
strength in general way. 1t has met
the assaults of others by individual IN
itiative, and even so it has been per-
fectly able to hold it's own.
The German idea is well illustrated
by the German syndicates, or cartels,
which are backed by the favor or the
German government and the German
people These cartels are solely 1or
the protection of German manufac-
tories and produce in distinction TO
foreign produce. For example, the pot
ash cartel: This syndicate numbers as
its members all producers OF potash
salts in Germany. In the interest OF
conserving the home supply the direct
ing officers of the syndicate meet IN
the winter of each year to determine
Just what the total production OF pot
ash salts shall be, how much snail be
kept at home and how much shall be
sent abroad. The needs OF German
agriculturists and industriais and zap
oratories are first taken into consid-
Grafton Liberal estimates are made
for the covering of these needs. What
is left over from the total estimate
is sold to foreign buyers. But the
fatherland has had first CALI
&.
Similar to the potash syndicate. there
are a number of big German cartels
regulating the
Syndicates Control several big in
Big Industries. conntrv " There
is a syndicate of the manufacturers of
enameled iron hollow ware, such as
granite ware, pots and pans. etc. The
directors of this syndicate fix prices
SO as to prevent wasteful competition
among the members, adopt plans for
serving the home market first, and
stand together firmly in their compe-
tition with foreign nations. So in the
textile trade. lacemaking. chemical
manufacture and scores of other indus
tries Always the fatherland has been
considered over against the world.
The same intense national attitude in
matters of manufacture and trade is OBJ
served by the English people. In order
to get the Noting CHAM type of lace
weaving machine, the French had to
make their deal secretly and smuggie
the machine in parts over to Calais.
The Englishman has long looked upon
his home business as a field for limit
ed individuality, and upon foreign
business as a field in which all good
Englishmen should stand together In
the development of this foreign field of
shillngs and pounds sterling, the Eng