Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-31


ing. 1t is important to allow plenty
of space for fruit trees. They will
appear so small coming from the
nursery that the tendency win be TO
crowd them. Proper distances are
as follows: Apples, 80 to 40 feet each
way; pears. 20 to 80 feet each way:
dwarf pears, 10 to Is feet each way:
plums, is to 20 feet each way;
peaches, 16 to 20 feet each way;
cherries, 16 to 20 feet each way; april
cots, Is to % feet each way; nee
tarines, 16 to 20 feet each way:
ounces, 8 to IA feet each way. You
can plant about 100 plum, peach or
pear trees. and fifty apple trees to an
acre OF ground.
In planting trees the important
things to remember are these: Dig
the holes plenty large, piling the
| good top soil and the sub-soil OF
clay and sand in separate heaps.
| Trim off the bruised or broken roots.
Pack the fine top soil carefully about
the roots with the fingers. Cut back
the head of the tree to balance up
che loss in the root system. At first
cutting back shapely fruit seems to
be needless sacrifice, but the
| chance of having the tree live will be
| doubled IL it is done.
Do not plant trees too deep. Two
inches lower than they grew in the
nursery is plenty. and will allow for
! the ground to settle
Harvest apples while they are still
firm, in order to preserve their finest
flavor and keeping qualities. II is
poor economy to store bruised fruit,
because it not only fails to keep. but
will also decay other fruit that is
put away sound. Apples can be kept
much longer If wrapped in paper.
Especially good is brown paper wrap
ping, with wax paper outside.
! In picking apples, sort into bar
rels or boxes. Convert the culls into
cider There is always a market for
vinegar.
Winter pears will keep as well aus
apples if carefully handled
To grow new plants, make cuttings
Of grapes, currants and gooseberries
now. Tie the cuttings into bundles
and store In boxes of sand in the
cellar.
Set all small fruits now, so they
VIII become established before cold
| weather. Set blackberries four feet
apart in the row, with rows eight
Ieet apart; currants and gooseberries
four by five feet. Purchase strong
one ear-old plants and set in fertile
soil Dig the holes, large, spread ont
the roots in natural position and
set the plants firm in the soil. Wait
until spring to prune the young
plants.
Continue to cultivate the autumn
set strawberry bed by running the
cultlVator close UP to the plants and
/ working about each plant with the
hoe. 'o
Make cuttings of grapes, currants
ana gooseberries as soon as the
| wood into eight-inch lengths and tie
into bundles and pack in barrels of
sand In the cellar until spring. The
cuttings may be planted In the fall
and mulched, but spring planting is
preferable, IL it is done very early.
Market strictly fancy apples in
Dusnel baskets Pack each specimen
In paper separately, and have the
consecutive layers uniform.
This is the month to harvest the
| winter fruits, and in doing 50 oh
serve the following rules: Pick only
on cool, clear days, or in the cool
hours OF the day. Avoid picking wher
| the fruit is wet from rain or dew:
never pick until the fruit has cooled:
protect picked fruit from the sun: 10
ripen the fruit uniformly, place in
dark, cool place; sort into grades
before storing and label each plainly:
make the cufls into cider or feed to
the stock, don't market them: haul
the fruit from the orchard in a spring
wagon. so as not to bruise IL; pick
in padded baskets; suspend the bas-
kets from the limb or ladder so that
both hands can be used In picking:
always leave the stems on the fruit
harvest the fruit from the outside
! trees in an orchard first as il Is more
liable TO be blown off, keep the fruit
in compartment that will exclude
i both heat and frost. A concrete stor-
age cellar is the ideal place for most
things.
Burn weeds to destroy the seed
pods.
Give the asparagus final cuitiva.
| ton. cut and burn the tops and top
| dress with manure.
Give the rhubarb a top dressing of
manure. Tt is a heavy feeder and
!
Store cabbage, heads down. in the
cellar. Carrots. turnips and beets
should be topped and stored in sand.
Store the celery either in trenches or
in cellar. The trenches should be
about ten inches wide and as deep
as the celery is tall The plants will
start into growth, which blanches the
stalks.
] All the garden vegetables but pars-
| nips should be gathered and stored
| this month. The latter should be left
in the ground until spring.
Bulbs for early spring bloom should
+, be planted now. Crocuses and hya-
/ cinths make a good combinat ton.
| Beds should be slightly raised above
the surrounding level and thoroughly
fortified with we'll rotted COW ma
nure. Before the ground freezes
cover the beds with leaves or coarse
manure for winter protection.
After the dahlias, cannas and
gladioli are killed by the frost, cut off
the tops. In week dig up the bulbs,
J dry in the sun and store in a cool.
/ dark place that the frost doesn't
reach.
Tie up the tender and half-hardy
rose bushes.
| If you have a mixed border OF an
nuals and perennials, mark the places
where the perennials are planted to
! guide you in spading the bed next
1 spring
Be on lookout for a killing frost.
nf ha III