davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
WAR PROVES WHAT PEACEFUL TINES WERE
SLOW TO ESTABLISH.

Krupp did not invent the breeeh-Ioader IN
deed breech- loading guns were first thought OF
as far back as the middle Of the sixteenth century,
but the trouble with them always was that they
worked both ways with equal facility. Krupp took
what was known as the Csyalli gun, the invention
OF Sandman officer by that name, and expert
mented with the breech block until finally ne de-
vised fiat wedge lock that would not blow of.
This achievement was as momentous for the Tut
ure of heavy ordnance as was Ericcson's invention
Of the armored and revovini turret for the future
of naval construction. Krupp also improved the
methods OF riiing the bore, and to his expert
ments is due much Of the effectiveness Of modern
firing little later he conceived the idea OF
making the gun barrel, not Of a single piece, out
of several tubes shrunk OH over one another
And yet it was years before the worth OF
Krupp's inventions was acknowledged, even in
Prussia although Prussia had placed Il number OF
his defence guns in various Notifications. Eng
land, although Krupp had exhibited MS rltied
breechloaders in London in 1852, would not even
consider them Woolwich continued 10 turn out
muzzle leaders Of ever increasing size. Finally,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08

however, in 1862 comparative test of the two
types Of gun was arranged at the proving
grounds near Berlin, but Prussian officers
made no concealment OF their expectations as to
the result Probably Krupp alone was not aston
ished for his gun led not only in accuracy and
mower. but in endurance as well. From that day
the muzzle loader consigned 20 the scrap heap.
Two years later Krupp artillery Numbered at Sc
dan, Krupp siege guns at Str@ssburg and Paris,
and Krupp gave his king empire The French
infantry outshone the Germans but their artillery
wa sorely outclassed. Strange that they had not
heard Of the tests az Berlin and prepared! Strang-
err still that they should not to-day, remembering
1870 have been prepared for the Caterpillar by
anticipating and equallug it! Strangest Of all II
our own government ordnance boards do not take
his history to heart and profit by 1t! II Krupp
has perfected naval gun at all compar ble TO the
machine which battered down Liege and Namur
and Antwerp the number of her ships will DO
England but little good.
So much for Krupp the cannon king, the maker
of death dealing engines which have changed the
maps of the world Between 1s47, when he made
his first cannon and his death, in 1887, Krupp de-
livered $4,000 pieces Of ordnance the firm has
never gone into the manufacturing OF small arms
to thirty-four different states and kingdoms Blu
it is now time to turn from Krupp, the maker and
the unmaker Of kings, to Krupp, the maker Of
men, to Krupp the humanitarian
When Alfred Krupp engraved over the doorway
Of the laborer's cottage that had housed his par
ents IN their days of poverty, May no workman
Of ours ever experience the sorrow which was
theirs" it idle phrase. He meant exactly
what ne said for as soon as affairs mended and
the future Of the works was assured he took steps
TO turn MS words into deeds. And as he not only
had worked shoulder TO shoulder with them in his
younger days, but had also dwelt among them, H.
knew their needs. Indeed, he knew only 100 well
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08

and so been enabled to keep up with his improve
ments the story of 1870 might have been dr.
ferent.
It was in the early days Of our Civil War that
Krupp revolutionize1 big gun making. Had either
side known of and adopted his inventions no"
quickly would the war have closedl Krupp's big
gun Of 1855 had been a muzzle-loader- gun
of 1862 loaded at the breech. That tells almost
the entire story, but not quite
The full story is that Krupp invented a breecn-
loading gun that fired out of the muzzle, one
that did not explode backward, killing the han
dlers and destroying itself
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
FRIEDRICH KRUPP DISCOVERS THE SECRET
OF CASTING STEEL

1t was the period of the Napoleonc wars, when
Europe found itself largely cut off from English
products, the embargo cast steel being espe-
cially rigid. Cast steel was indispensable in the
manufacture of high grade tools-and the secret
of casting steel known only in England
German iron men set themselves to work to dis
cover the secret for themselves, among them this
Friedrich Krupp. That his reason for erect
ing the forge at Essen, for he had already made
experiments at Sterkrade experiments he wished
to continue. In 1875 just Napoleon was being
defeated at Waterloo he discovered the method
It would have seemed that the future was secure
But, as has been often the case with the cap
tains of industry, pecunary reward did not follow
His steel was, indeed, beyond reproach. In 1872
an official report on his product by the Bureau
of Manufactures and Commerce at Berlin certified
that his steel was found to be ain adaptabity and
intrinsic excellence fully equal to the best Eng
lish steel, in some respects preferable"
Yet the report. however fattering did not in
crease the demand, which remained pitifuly
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
UNDISTURBED BY A DAZZLING ARRAY OF
TITLES AND JOBS

Krupp, who could have had any title, any post
in the empire-for none closer to the Kaiser
than he-was ayerse TO politics and stunned pub
Hcity In his latter days he was the richest nan
in the realm and the most modest. His magnih-
cent house was open to prince commoner
alike and TO all ne remained, and insisted on re-
naming Herr Krupp.
In the late 70's he began 10 participate less &C.
lively in the affairs Of the firm" as 1t was
ca led, although up to that time he himself had
been the firm. This was from weakness o.
age for he hale beyond his years He wished
the plant TO become independent OF him and 20
learn TO go by itself. This change in org ,ni-
cation was eventually brought about, Friedrich.
Alfred Krupp's son, and in her turn his grand
daughter, Bertha being but presidents over boards
of directors rather than owners.
Alfred Krupp died in 1887, and buried from
the "iaborer's cottage" that had his early
struggles. Probably not in the history of the
world has there been another industrial monarch
Of such wide inhuence-unless perhaps, it be
Edison. Yet II new Dante should write a new
Inferno" and that Dsnte's sympathes were wish
the Allies, he probably would eonsign the line
of Krupps 70 the lowest circles. Fortunately oar
neutrality allows US TO appreciate achievement IS
achievement and TO feel mightiness Of mind, eour-
sgeous will, whatever the reflt,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
THE HISTORY OF GERMAN EMPIRE INTER
WOVEN WITH HOUSE OF KRUPP.

But although these monster engines have
stamped on them the imperial eagle. they bear
.l,o the name Of a commoner-the name of Krupp.
One does not usually associate romance with any
hing so pYosac as the founding of metals with
,hs heat and the smoke and the Crime of forge
,,5 hammer zone does not to-day associate ro-
nance with anything that has to do with war;,
vst behind these guns of Krupp lies human
drama that is very like to rotance, footnote
n the history Of Germany. which is almost more
than the history itself. The history of the German
Enpire and that Of the firm of Krupp mex
,-icably interviewer. Il is royalty dependent a
eommoner for its crown. Time alone tell
how strong the support will prove, for it will be
the Krupp guns. not the German sodery, that
will hold in check IF they be held in check the
allied hosts the Russian hordes
It wss abou, yesr after the death of Friedrich
Krupp-the asst in the male line of the founder
Of the great works-that l had the pleasure of
visiting al the Krupp villa, Highlander Ruhr,
near Essen.
Not being aware Of the private railway station
at Kdgel az which could have arranged to have
the train stop l went on TO Essen, where | was
met by one Of the secretaries of Frau Krupp.
Al the station it was as uninviting and hum
drum s. only the station Of a manufacturing cen
TIE can be- But the pair Of stout carriage horses
the late Herr Krupp had had something of
passion for horses took US further and further
from the railway and along road that grad
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
CAPTURE OF L GERMAN SIEGE Gun.

how hard sickness and old age bore on them; nov
i'll they Jared, and what exorbitant prices thsy
we're obliged to pay for food, how misersbly they
were housed Accordingly, his plans for their bet
terment related primarily TO the amehoration OF
these elemental conditions.
A fund for the sicI and disabled and the rro-
vision of pensions for the aged were the hrAs
schemes put into operation. This was as early
as 1853 when the firm employed about 500 men.
But this was not a charity. To one jealous OF
independence as Alfred Krupp charity was un'
thinkabe; to force dependence on another would
have been. TO his way of thinking hardly short or
immoral For him the only true charity con
sisted in helping others 10 help themselves; ne
would cooperate, not pauperize. He established
the fund that is true but each man contributed
his little In other words, it was insurance, but
guaranteed.
Soon after this he took up the matter Of sup
plies. establishing first bakery then grocery
store, then shops for boots and shoes, drygood'
and clothing Last of all, even an abattoir ana
butchers shops But this last was not until ls'o'
when the employees numbered fully $4,000 Goods
were sold at cost, hut payment had TO be IN cash
There was no deviation from this rule. Thus
premium was placed on thrift, on independence
and on solidarity.
Books by the score have been written On
Krupp's houses for workmen, and they have be-
come the model for employees villages in all parts
of the world Krupp insisted on three features
perfect sanitation, comfort and reasonable de-
gree of beauty. There now four of these set
Elements or hamets-one Of them, Altenhof, for
the sged--wth houses at various rentals for all
grades of workmen. Each village, moreover, has
its schools churches, beer garden, gymnasium
(turnhalle) and Fairgrounds. There is also at
Essen for the employees free library Of many
thousands of volumes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
"DEAN OF AMERICAN JOURNALISM" is DEAD

ligned and bitterly assailed at that time for es-
pousing an unpopular cause, he was overcome
with emotion as he entered the city and saw
large banner stretched across the main street bear
ing the inscriptions, we will pray for you, when
was an assurance to him, weighed down with his
great burdens, that some part OF the people at
-east had faith in him. At that time was pastor
of the church in Fonda, in a region known as
.copperhead in its political sentiments, and !
myself, therefore, was bitterly assaied for cham
pioning Lincoln from my pulpit" He went on to
say that the longer he lived and studied local ana
national conditions Of government throughout the
world the more apprehensive he became for the
peace and security of the future. He SAID that
the tendencies of the present day were destruc-
tive To quote his words: Greece and Rome
grew up and had their gories and passed away III
destruction We must train the rising generation
in the fear of the Lord if the race is to be per
netuated and the government stand. Those ma
tions which ignore the teachings OF the great
Peace Maker are doomed to destruction. lhefe
will be wars and rumors Of war before we have
universal peace"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
HE BECOMES THE MOST CELEBRATED METAL
WORKER OF THE WORLD.

In this decade moreover, krupp became the
,,ost renowned metal worker of the world &C
comnlishing in two directions what had hitherto
been believed mpossibilities In the hrst place
be increased the size of steel castings to unoe-
Iievable degrees Castings weighing ton had
been held the maximum that could be made
Krunp exhibited in London in 1851 steel casting
weighing two tons And at Paris IN 1891 ne eX-
b;bited a casting weighing five. Even more I'M
portant. however, his second feat. IL hau
been maintained that cast steel could not De
foreed-that il would break under the hammer
Krupp forged piece of his cast steel ingot under
the very eyes of the doubters and opened new
world for metallurgy. Governments showered re-
wards and medals on him; kings were eager 10
honor him. In 1864 the King of Prussia ohereu
him a title But Krupp refused IT,
In the meantime Krupp as gunmaker hau ho'
b,en idle. In 1856 he had exhibited at faris
twelve pound she'll gun which attracted so much
attention from the French government that trlais
If the gun had been held at their request trlals
which Krupp attended in person. But aithoush
the superiority to the French guns OF the DAY
were amply proved. Krupp was given no orders
Had France in the following decade obtained III
least a portion Of its heavy ordnance from hruos
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
BY p. A. HUTCHINSON.



"a fare has nation power numeri-
~ cally inferior out agsinst-even
conquered-the power the nation
having numerical superiority. often. of course,
,eh victories have been achieved through sheer
,,avery in the face of odds. but frequently
,Asy have been the result of some preponderating
,uperiority in equipment arms.
Thus the Huns conquered Europe because
,.valry the Huns were uneQualled. The English
=, Flodden vsnquished the Scots because their
Now, were stronger and their arrows longer But
not sN the bows and arrows in the world could
uithstand a few muskets with gunpowder and
hsu In the same way the armored Merrimac
drove the wooden fleets from the sea; the Mont
TOY whipped the Merrimac.
II the German armies Of the Kaiser succeed in
shining the present war it will be repetition OF
,Ais word-old story-s numerically inferior force
natter EQUIPPED. When the Confederates took the
Union frigate Merrimac. burned to the waters
.sge. snd erected on the hull n fort sheathed
With railroad iron. they took the measure of the
,sst threw IL into the discard and opened a
new account with the future Similarly did the
Kaiser discard the past and discount the fut-
ure when. after taking the measure of the French
AID Belgian Notifications, he drew up his cater
,iuar" guns and blew them to pieces.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
By FRANCES FISHER BYERS.

~ HERE has just passed away at Fonda, n "
q remarkable and interesting personality
Of American journalism-the Rev. Wash
ington Frothingham, Journalist, author
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08

Instead of taking a strip of steel, as had been the
practice. bending around the rim OF the wheel ana
welding the ends he took disk of steel, punched
a hole in the middle and expanded the rim until
il would fit over and could be shrunk on 'he
wheel This process he patented, with the result
that he quickly became rich. lie increased MS
plant, married and moved from his humble guar
tors TO that part of the city in which his father
had been born By 1860 Krupp's little force oi
te, had increase TO seventeen hundred.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
The HOUSE OF KRUPPA STEEL PROP OF THE KAISERS THRONE
The Great Concern Which Has Equipped Germanys Army with
DeathDealing Engines Had Its Inception in the Cotage
and the Forge of Friedrich and Alfred Krupp

ually assembled, until soon all the vast scene of
industry spread out below-acre upon acre
of smoke backened buildings, a wilderness Of
stack and chimneys from which smoke curled
and. over all, the pail of smoke shot with the
rays of the afternoon sun.
Then the road made sharp turn, and We
tered the spacious grounds of the estate, now
rolling along avenues arched with great trees,
skirting unduatng lawns where peacocks strut
ted. At las the villa ("palace" would be more
httng) was in sight, huge and square, Italian
Renaissance In style, of marble, with wide marble
steps leading easily to the arched doorways. 1t
being summer, there were guests except Frau
Krupps artist brother, the Baron Won Ende of
Munich. and his wife. But for this was not
sorry, as had come to meet the family of the
cannon king, not princes or diplomats. After
cofee-the Germans insist on their afternoon
coffee as the English insist their afternoon
team company with the secretary and Frauein
Bertha NOV Frau Krupp Bohlen) | was
driven TO the works.
Now in the hands of a woman (for Frau Krupp
Won Bohen is the head of the frm), curiously
enough, the great Krupp plant was founded by
woman-at least, all the vast enterprise of to-day
is the direct result of the enforced entry into the
iron business of Amelie, widow of one Hermann
krupp of Essen, more than a century ago. This
Hermann Krupp, who seems to have been pros
porous merchant had held mortgage on a small
foundry in the nearby village of Sterkrade and the
widow. to protect herself, found it necessary to
buy in the property and to operate it. After eight
unsuccessful years she herself obliged TO
sell. In the meantime, however, her grandson,
Friedrich. had learned the trade of ironworker
at her little plant, and when that disposed of
he determined to go into the business for him
driven forge at Essen, where the great plant
stands
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08

fare has nation or power numeri-
cally inferior won out agsinst-even
conQuered-the power or the nation
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
THE LONG INTERVAL WHEN THERE WAS
NOTHING TO BE DONE SAVE WATT

II was in 1S47 that Alfred Krupp turned his
thoughts toward gun making and produced his
first gun-a three pound muzzle loader. He sent
it to the Ordnance Board at Berlin, which, how
ever, allowed two years TO go by before making
any report. Then it gracious enough to ac-
knowledge the fine metal and workmanship of
Krupp's product. But it gave him no orders.
Moreover Germany had experienced year of
financial crisis, and Krupps situation was very
grave But he was able TO pull through, and a
few years later the tide turned and he became a
made man almost overnight
1t was in the field of railway invention that
Krupp came into his own, for to his fertile brain
was due one of the most important innovations In
rolling stock construction. Many accidents had
occurred as the result of wheel tires breaking
at the point where the ends of the tire were
welded together. Krupp invented weldless tire.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-11-08
HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
PUBLISHED IN 1867.

nv Frothingham was the author OF severai
hacks of distinct literary value. In 1867 he pup
Esbed a unique history of the French heVolu'
,ion the material for which was gathered by d."
exhaustive reading of "The Monitor, the daii!
,ewspaper published in Paris during the hevoi"-
Gon. and copies Of which are kept IN the state
Iibrarv at Albany. This history ranks secohu
only 10 Thomas Carlyles. He also pupisheu sew
eral other books, Of the best known pe'ne
"Our Book; or Literary Rambles Of Jourhahs''
THE wae collection of his letters, essays ana
sketches on various literary and timely topics
The book went into its third edition 1t was orig
ina,lv published at the earnest solicitation Oh INC
late Charlemagne Tower, in 1888
mr. Frothingham at one time contemplated VIII
inc life of his uncle, Washington irving anu
with that end in view compiled great amount oi
data including personal "reminiscences OF MS Ia
nous kinsman Unfortunately many OF 'hese
papers were destroyed by fire when occuiieu
in the house adjoining the old Dutch fh"i''V'
where he died and in which he was hVins d" Wv
time. If any of his notes and correspondents
with Irving have been saved 1t is 10 De hopeu ''
his heirs will give them, priceless gnu u '"'
American world of letters.
Washington rockingham, like Paul OF larsus'
was small of stature, but giant IN lnteiiect. MS
knowledge of books and men was Verl'apie G."
cyclopedia of information classic anu -
nd yet he had his fads and hobbies ike all great
neople. One of these was swimming oai"e
mon him one warm June day-he was then eigh'y-
nine wears old found incredible as 1t may SCUM"
that he had just returned from his daily Sw,i"
With the village boys, for whom and the pup"'
no maintained at his own expense me path'ne
ravilion and pool and bowling alleys, whien Tic
had endowed for future maintenance lor the use
Of the people of Fonda. AS he came oiiSh's nv
the house he said with his sweet whins'I" o'',,t
az noicbt saw TO your readers that am the
- -.ri,rer in this country, as well as the
Oldest journalist"
m Frothingham's private benefactiOns can
= =. estimated II was his life practice to
10 away more than half his income each year
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1914-04-02

FOR SALE-A farm of 12O acres.
50 acres under high state of cultiva,
ton, rest timber and p sture, blacl
RIGA loan soil, ten room house witt
stone cellar, basement barn 5Ox9O
granary and root house, large wood
shed, 2 large. hay barns, 2 large silos
chicken house, hog house, mschin
shed. Is milk cows, full blood Ho
stein sire. III head of young stock,
horses, 6 brood sows, so chickens, a.
kinds of farm machinery includin
buggies, wagons and sleds, gasolir
engine. A nice lawn and shade ire,
and nice young orchard. One mi
from Wisconsin city of over 500
Macadamiz9d street goes by plac
Conditions are such that this far
must be sold. Price, $13,0OO.OO, il
Guiding everything mentioned, TER
S., 900. 90 cash, balance long time.
J. T. Bates,
Il W. Main St..
Madison, Wi
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1914-04-02
FORMER BARABOO
RESIDENT DIES

Frank T, Bre WSter, who once con-
Quoted o savings bank in Baraboo.
who aided in establishing the Y. M.
e. A. and who gave literally to other
improvements before his failure in the
financial crash in 1894. died on Fri
day at his home in Sparta. Concern
ing his death the Herald says:
Frank T. Brewster, a we'll known
and esteemed citizen, passed away at
his home Friday afternoon, March q,
after an illness which assumed seri-
Gus phase not many days ago.
Deceased was born at Rome. n. Y.
Dec. s, 1858, the family coming west
to Minneapolis when he was about
eight years old. He attended the
public schools and high schools sup
plementing it with a course in busi-
ness college. He was married in 1880
to Miss Emma Meyer at his old home
In Rome, N. Y. She died in 1895 and
In 1907 he was united to Mrs. Jennie
Baker at La Crosse, who survives him
with his one son, Eugene M. Brew
Eter, living at Waterloo, Iowa.
Sir ce 1907 be has resided in Sparta
occupied as circulation representative
of the Milwaukee Free Press.
After his first marriage he located
at Baraboo where he was in business
till 1894, then removing to Harbor
Beach, Michigan.
Funeraliservices were held by Rev.
Fl. r. Hogan at the residence at 2:SO
p. m. Sunday, and the remains were
taken to Minneapolis Monday for
burial. General sympathy is felt in
sparta for his sorrowing wife and
family and the many who knew him
in this vicinity for his untimely TAX
ing away SIS personal loss.