davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27
LAWS GOVERNING
THE AIR DURING
PERIODS OF WAR
Big Conflict Finds Little Done to
Regulate AeropIanes.
HAGUE ACTION is IMPOTENT
Only England and Austria-Hungary Fa-
vored Restriction of the Use of
Flying Machines - Aeronauts
Not Considered Spies.

New York.-Battle in the air, the de-
struction of the mightiest fortifica-
tons by veritable cloudbursts of ex.
plosives and the spying out of military
works or maneuvers from the deadly
vantage point Of the aviator are all
ideas which have appealed strongly
to fiction writer's, writer in the New
York Times remarks. 1t it is in the
present European conflict that the
fleets of the air will be given their first
real test, and possibly their last one,
for many authorities believe that they
will add intolerable horrors to war and
that as fighting machines at least they
will be banished by international
agreement before another conflict
takes place.
international law is a complex and
slowly growing body of rules which has
been built up by the association of the
nations of the world with each other.
The science of aeronautics has grown
so rapidly that it has outstripped the
ponderoUs machinery of international
conferences. AS a result the greatest
of wars is now in progress, with little
or no agreement between the contend
ing powers as to what constitutes a
proper use of air vehicles in the car
rying on of hostilities. In "The Law
of the Air." written by Harold D. Ha-
zeltine, the laws concerning the use Of
the air are discussed. Doctor Hazeltine
ico ;oh ;oko
al law and his book consists Of a series
| Of lectures delivered at the University
of London. =.
| Doctor Hazeltine first discusses the
general principles concerning the con-
troll of the air space by the state. Be-
| cause of the short time during which
| this has been a matter of any i'm
! portance no very definite conclusions
have been reached. Many authorities
on international law hold that the air
is free to all, and that any device for
navigating it has the same right to
travel through any part Of it that a
! vessel has to voyage anywhere on the
| high seas. A number Of rather ingen-
ious arguments in support of this view
have been worked out by those who
advocate it, but neither general Opin
ion nor any statute has ever recOg
| niZed such a stand.
The opinion which is generally held
and on which all nations act when they
arrest foreign aeroplanes which fly
above their territory without permits
sion, is that each country holds abso
lutte sovereignty Of the air space above
it's territory.
During the Franco-Prussian war o
1870 some attempts were made to U.s.
balloons for observing the movement
of the hostile armies. The status o
aeronauts had not been defined at tina
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27


time, and Bismarck ordered that any
who might be captured be considered
as spies. AS matter of fact, a num-
Der of them were taken prisoner, but
were not treated as military prisoners,
and were not executed. 1t was not
until the first Hague convention, in
1899, that the position of balloonists
in time of war was defined.
The conference decided that balloon
lists are not spies if they are sent ito
deliver dispatches" or to generally
maintain communication between the
various parts of an army or territory"
This ruling fails to provide for the
treatment of aviatOrs who may be cap
tured in the act of gaining information,
but such activity seems to be provided
for in a definition of spy which was
adopted at the same time. This de-
clared that IAN individual can only be
considered a spy if, acting clandestine-
ly or on false pretenses, he obtains,
or seeks to obtain, information in the
zone of operations of a belligerent with
the intention of communicating it To
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27

the hostile party" Under this provf
sion aviators seeking information could
hardly be regarded as spies, for they
operate without false pretenses and
without clandestinity.
AS soon as there was some indica'
ton that flying machines might De
perfected, the international lawmakers
were at once struck with the question
of their use for the dropping of explo
sives. The same conference at which
the laws concerning the treatment OIL
alrmen taken prisoner during war were
passed took an important stand on the
explosive question, and one which, II
is to be regretted, has not been con-
tinued. In January of 1899 Count
Mouravieff of st. Petersburg sent cir
cular to the states to be represented
at The Hague, in which he urged the
prohibition of the discharge OF pro
jectiles or explosives of any kind from
balloons or by any similar means.
The subject was given brief con.
sideration and the law suggested by
the Russian count was adopted for q
period Of five years, which expired on
September 4, 1905. Eight years later
it appeared that the action of the tri'
bunal was not prompted so much by
humanitarian feelings as by the belief
that air craft were not destined to play
an important part in any war in
the near future When the second
gathering at The Hague took place, IL
1907, it was impossible to inspire any
of the great European powers with the
sentiments to which they had unanl
mously subscribed in 1890. The prog
ress made in the science of aerial nav
igation had been so extraordinary tina
the military powers were deeply inter
ested, and very few of them wished tt
give up this new method of attack.
England and Austria-Hungary were o
the party in favor of the limitation o
ornaments, and accordingly favore'
restriction of the use of aeroplanes
Lord Reay, the British delegate, al
! gued that it would be most unfortunat
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27
Triumph of Mutes.

1t was but the other day when the
triumph of the deaf and dumb faced
me. 1t was a ship just starting from
Southampton to Canada. You know
the unheard shouts during the last
hour from the shore. There were two
men, deaf and dumb, talking quietly
with their fingers to the brother on
board, who could reply. They were the
only three that could talk freely among
the uhheard tumult.-London Chron.
icle.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27
WIZARD BURBANK is OUTCOME
Potatoes and Tomatoes Are Grown on
Same Plant by Gardener in
Britton, s. D.

Britton, S. D-Plants with potatoes
on their roots and tomatoes On their
tops, raised here by H. E. Benson, may
yet place him in the garden wizard
class with the famous Burbank.
In appearance the plants are of the
ordinary potato variety, but at their
tops are large bulbs resembling to-
matoes in both meat and Seeds
Whether or not these are the or
binary potato balls often seen or a
growth caused by the mixing of the
pollen of the tomato and potato bios
SONS is not certain, although the lat
ter explanation of the odd combina-
ton plant is believed to be the true
one.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27

ship.
to add third expensive arm to the
fighting force of nations already over
burdened with the cost of their naval
and military operations. France and
Germany opposed this view, on the
ground that they could not afford to
give up advantages which might be
very great in tho future if progress In
the new science of the air continued
as rapidly as it seemed likely to do.
After much discussion a vote was
taken on a measure providing for the
continuance of the prohibition adopted
at the 1899 convention until the ter
mination of the third peace confer
ence, scheduled for 1915. OF the A
states represented only q adopted the
measure, and the only important coun-
tries to do so were England and Aus
tria. The signing of this declaration
by these two nations will have no eff
feet in the present war, because it is
expressly provided that if either of
them has an ally in any war who has
not adopted the measure it is not bind
! ing on them.
The only attempt made to limit the
activities of air craft was an addition
to the rule of the Brussels conference
of 1874 reading: THE attack or bonn
! bardment of towns, villages, habita-
, tons or buildings which are not de-
+ Tended is forbidden This was sup
! plemented by the words by any
/ means whatever"
Except for the restriction concern
/ ing undefended places it can be said
that there is no law governing the
use OF aeroplanes and dirigibles in the
/ present war Anything which can be
done to harass the enemy is permits
sible.
In the matter of wireless telegraphy
some international rules have also
been adopted, but they are not of much
Importance in this war, and it is harC
to see how they could ever be EN-
forced. The chief provision is that any
neutral country may order belligeren1
countries to cease from sending wire
less messages across it's territory. Il
is very unlikely that such a course
would be taken, because it would il
all probability be disregarded.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27
Birds in Panama Canal Zone.

The bird resources of the canal zone
evidently are Of much Importance.
Possibly if they are properly conserved
they will become one of the valuable
assets of the United States. Having
permitted so much reckless bird
slaughter in this country that insect
pests are increasing at an alarming
rate it would be we'll to take care of
the birds that have been added to our
national possessions by reason of the
acquisition of a section of Panama
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27


! }
49,
~
Hsp-
~
-
-
-
~
-
~
-
49,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~
-,
GSl1.--
GD~
e|l,~-
-
o.
-
3D.
Ma.
F:Nr--,
l1n-
D-~
o.
49,
-
-
-
o.
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
% --ay
w.---@
80
a..
49,
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1914-10-27

Let us figure with you on
on your next work.
Our facilities are the best, having
just installed two of the latest i'm
proved Chandler & Price Job
Presses come around and see them
work.
Dur type is new and modern
faces.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Concert

On March 26th at the NJ. E.
Church there will be given a concert
bv the teachers of the Primary
School for the benefit of the piano
fund Mr., and Mrs, Robt. De.
Almond lately Of Chicago and Mrs.
Walburn OF Knoxville have been
engaged to give a unique program
of music. There will be some thing
for everybody to like on this pro-
gram. These artists have been be-
fore the musical public for Is years
and their knowledge Of what the
public likes gained by this experience
make it sure thing chat concert
by them will be artistic enough for
the fastidious and at the same time
not 50 severely classical as to fail to
entertain the fellow who has not
studied music but who really loves
music of the heart if not of form
and intellect The proceeds will go
toward buying piano for the
Primary school aid all who believe
music to be a refining influence in
life will help these ladies in laud-
able endeavor, The price is easy
and not at all what these artists are
accustomed to charge, but they are
not making the price but we are
and they get barely expenses out of
it. Mr.. DeArmond is considering
teaching in Maryyille and is using
this concert for the double purpose
of helping the local school and also
showing the people here some Of
his wares.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Real Estate Transfers

J. T. Everett ct ux to w, r. Bra
den 1928 acres in 9th dist for $3.50.
r. L. Mullendore ct TX to @. S.
Braden ct ux 70 acres in 18Th dist
for $4,000.
l. N. Patty ct al to Andy Much.
OILS 324 acres in 14th dist for $500
Minnie T. Morton ct al to ]. r
Kennedy lot in 10th dist for $780,
j. E. Robinson to Adra B Cum
ings los in 10th dist for s3G0
HI. Fl. Renfroe ct ux to D. G.
Webb 43 acres in Sth dist for $3.50
Albert Potter ct ux to Mary E.
L. Britain 1876 acres in 4th dist fol
2900.
J. P. Jackson ct ux to Robert B
Roberts Jackson Hou:e for $9500
G A Griffitts ct ux to w. W
Whitehead 2 acres in 7th dist fol
5000.
Hattie B. Wilson ct al to VIM.
Morgan interest in so acres in It'll
dist for $40
w. P. Braden ct ux to J. H
Teffeteller 81 acres in 9th dist fol
$4,000.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Petition Of School Board

To the Honorable Board Of Mayor
and Aldermen of Maryville;
As conditions now exist the Public
Schools Of Magyville are ia session
onlv six mouths during the year,
Maryvl,le is lapidly advancing IN a
material way, and We are indeed
anxious that the intellectual and
moral growta Of it, citizenship be
properly encouraged and safeguard
ed, The boys and girls Of today
are the men and women Of tomorrow
AS mnch as the School Board de-
sires to give the boys aud girls of
Maryville a longer school term, and
greater educational facilities and
advantages, it is an impossibility
without larger school fund.
With your assistance, Maryville
can have school term of eight
months, instead of six months.
And we earnestly petition you to
give this matter your careful and
immediate attention and considera-
ton and make provision in your
budget for funds sufficient to allow
us an eight months school term.
Our city public schools receive no
revenue from the municipality ex-
cept tie meagre amount collected
by the town from the poll tax.
March 18th 1914.
Respectfully,
M. Haworth, Chairman,
Jno. A. Goddard, Secy.. !.
J. L, Prater,
inc. C. Crawford,
Clay Cunningham.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

The question is often asked, "Of
how much value is school training
to farmers from business stand
point?" A recent agricultural sur
vey of several townships of Tomp.
kins County, New York, made by
the college of agriculture of Cornell
University has revealed many inter-
esting and suggestive facts bearing
upon rural sociology. To quote
from the summary:
The survey shows that a high
school education is worth as much
to farmer as s6, 900 worth of five
per cent bonds. A college educa-
tion is worth twice as much. .''-Ex.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Presbyterian Church
(Rev. Hubert S. Lyle. Pastor.)

(Rev. Hubert S. Lyle. Pastor.)
900 Special Sunday School pray
er meeting for officials and teachers.
Sunday School. Subject
Lessons by the way"
1O:3O. Special dedication Ser
vice" of the Every Member Canvass,
Sermon by the Pastor on Gods
Challenge to Liberal Men" Good
and special music. Committee of
Forty Four" will be present. Child
rem asked to take front seats. This
is to be special "Go.to.Church
Sunday" and every member of the
Congregation is asked to be present.
All Of the afternoon and night
services will be omitted 50 that the
Every Member Canvass" may be
made aud como4ted during the
afternoon TEE lommittaaot For
ty Four" will visit the homes Of ali
memb RS of our Congregation in
the afternoon E2ary one will be
given the opportunity to give On the
weekly basis for the local church
and for missions aud benavolences.
Every pledge no matter how small
will be appreciated even if it comes
from the very poor or a little child
Mrs. Webb's class will sell pies
next Saturday at Law rence's store
to raise money on their pledge to
the Building Fund.
Prayer Meeting next week on
"The Church growing by sermon
and funeral" !" Acts Z: so.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Large Fire

On Monday near the noon hour,
the chicken house Of James Reece
Davis on Little River caught fire
which quickly spread to the barn
smoke house aud residence and soon
all were m IS OF ruins. Mr.. Davis
had one of the best residences on
the river. His smoke house filled
with meat and lard, and his barn
contained a large amount of feed
farming tools etc. His loss will
amount to thousands of dollars.
He had insurance in the Farmers
Mutual Insurance Co.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

hected much credit on themselves
and on the College. Mr.. R, A.
Ramsey was Selected to represent
MaryvilIe in the State contest at
Chattanooga.
The addition to the water works
system of the college has been re-
Gently completed and is in use. All
water used on the hill now for all
purposes is brought from a pure
spring some two miles from town.
1t will now be safe for the students
to drink water from any faucet.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
A. c. Montgomery

As we go to press we learn Of the death
of A. c. Montgomery, which occurred We'd
nesday night at his home on Main St. Mr..
Montgomery had been sick for some time
suffering with heart trouble, He was one
of Maryville's leading business men few
years ago, but had retired on account of
health Friends are panied to learn of his
death, Extensive notice will be given
next week.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

Miss Amy Hughes, professor of
Economics in Mont Holyoke College
Mass, will arrive in the city Friday
to spend her Easter vacation with.
Mrs. Louis Phanze. She will be
accompanied by Miss Comstock who
is also teacher III the Department
Of Economics.
Ladies Aid Society of the M. e.
Church, pastry sale will be neld on
Saturday before Easter.
Mr.. and Mrs, K. p Jones have returned
from their winter visit 10 Florida and other
southern points,
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
ADDITIONAL LOCALS ON
SUPPLEMENT

When baby suffers with eczema or some
itching skin trouble, use Doan's Ointment.
A little of it goes long way and it is safe
for children. soc box at all stores.
Carl Burger, who is cartoonist on
one of Boston's metropolitan news
papers sends for the old reliable for
twelve months. Carl is meeting
with great success as a cartoonist.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Polytechnic Notes

So far this week an average OF 25
boys have been out for practice.
The prospects for a winning team
among the prep schools in this
section of the state are better than
they have been in years,
There was a large attendance ct
the Y. M. q Y. ". G. A. last Sab
bath, Miss Coventry led and a
very interesting and profitable meet
ing was held. Charles Davis Of the
Class of '13, leads next Sunday and
his subject will be Personal Work"
The class in higher arithmetic
was out Tuesday afternoon getting
practical experience in computing
areas, etc by measuring the campus
with surveyors chain and COM
putting the area.
Miss Emert spent the week end
in Knoxville visiting at the home
of her brother, Mr.. Clyde B. Emert,
Prof. Roberts made home folks
IN ades Cove visit Saturday and
Sunday.
The Senior Class are at work on
their play to be given in May.
On last Friday evening at Martha
Henry Hall, the Freshmen class had
one of the mo t enjoyable parties Of
the year. From early until late,
the neighbors did not need to be
reminded that the Freshmen's were
having 9 royal good time.
Misses Lucille aud Leola Davis and Lois
Henry spent Friday night at Martha Henry
Hall.
The manager OF the base ball team is
arranging a series ofgames. Some of these
dates have been defnately agreed upon and
others are under consideration at the pres
,I, G r',,'l, w. ..;, - ,v' r,,lo,. ,,.'' -
~ ~ '' ''1'' ''' 60 '''0'
March 21-Ioung'3 s High School
at Polytechnic
March 28-Widwooda at Poytech.
nia
April 3-Polytechnic at Wild
wood.
April 10 @hilhoWoe at Poiytech-
mic.
April ll-Chilhowea at Polytech-
mic,
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

There will be community meet
ing at Louisville. Tenn Saturday
March 81 at 3 p. NJ. at the school
building. Mr. Striplin the district
Agent, Miss Margaret Ambrose the
Collaboration of Knox Co.. and Miss
Broadly will address the meeting. A
good attendance of the people of
Louisville and surrounding comnu-
nifty is desired.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
College Notes

MISS UTSen lGu prayer ult6GlilS oIl
last Tuesday evening. Her subject
was Individual Potentiality." She
urged all to a higher standard of
efficiency. Her talk was good in
deed.
The Volunteer Band was enter
tanned in Pearson s parlor5 on last
/ Saturday afternoon by two of its
members, Misses Sarah Valdes and
Ruth Alter. Refreshments We're
served and delightful time was re-
ported.
Prof. Seele addressed the Volun-
teer Band on India at its regular
meeting last week.
Rev. Chas. Marston, of the class
of '93, and later an instructor here
who is now minister in central
Ohio, is back on visit to the town
and college He says that the town
and college both have made great
strides in progress since he was here
last. Then there were a few hum
BILE buildings on the hil3; now.it is
crowned by the present magnificent
buildings. Then Maryville was
quiet little country town; now it Is
becoming an industrial centre.
The Athenians elected officers at
the regular meetings last week for
the term ensuing. In the Senior
section f. Lewis Miller, is president
G. E. Conrad, vice president, F..
Keith Postlethwaite, secretary ana
Ramsey, program secretary. In the
Junior section Clyde Adams is pres
ident, Chas. Smith vice president,
and Zollie Howard secretary.
The junior Alpha Sigmas elected
officers also last weeR. Stirling
Cross was made president, Max
Cook, vice president and Waiter
Moore recording secretary.
The Baiuouians made Mi Sorosa
Melich their pres dent, Miss Celia
Rough vice president.
Chas, Thompson, a former stu
dent who is studying engineering
at the U r., yisltedsthe hill on last
Saturday au1 Sunday.
The second cross country of the
year was run on last Friday. Mr..
Neale Alter took first honors, Mr.
David Briggs second, and Mr.. Pat
Slatery third,
DR.. Barnes was sick day or so
last week.
The base bali season opens this
week by a game on the local diam
ord with Johnson Bible College.
The prospects for this year are good
Nearly all Of last years men are
back. There is also some new
material. Practice began several
days ago under the direction of
Coach Everett. The infeld this
year will be especially strong.
The peace oratorical contest on
last Saturday night was success in
every way. Each of the four speak
ers had carefully prepared his speech
some having spent nearly 200 hours
on them, and his work was not in
vain, for each oration was nearly
project in construction, diction,
and delivery. The boys held the
attention of the audience perfectly
thru more than an hour Of speaking
ON one general subject. They re-
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Stole Meat

Some sneak thief or thieves enter.
ed the smoke house of Mrs. J. H.
Cochran, near town on Saturday
night and literally helped them
selves to the meat. Sheriff Hutton
has been making strenuousSefforts
to appreherd the guilty parties and
it is to be hoped that they will be
caught.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

All persons indepted to the estate of
Dave Dickson will please call and settle,
and all persons having claims against said
estate will please file the same with me on
or before April /, 1914.
r. h Dickson,
DIM. of Estate
Of Dave Dickson.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Corn Club Meeting

All boys who ara expecting to
join the Boys Corn Club in Blount
County for this year are called to
meet at the Court House Saturday,
March 28, for the purpose of organ.
ization and transacting other bust
ness, Mr.. G. F. Strlplin will be
present and make talk and help
in the organization.
II, B. Mccall.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20

Farm for Sale:-180 acres with
good house and barn. good bored
well, two good cisterns, four miles
east of Maryville near the Sevierville
Pike. Will sell all together or in
four different tracks. See J. E
Keeble, Maryville, Tenn, Route 8.
phone No. 164 R II.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Mrs. ]. T. Trotter

Mrs. J. T. Trotter died Wednesday even,
ing at her home West of town after an ex-
tended illness. She had been in the hospi-
tai at Knoxville and was thought to be
getting better, She leaves a husband and
several children. A noble christian women
has gone to rest. Will publish account Of
funeral next week.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1914-03-20
Notice

All persons having claims against the
estate of T. D. Carpenter, deceased are
hereby notified to file the same, properly
authenticated, as required by law, at once.
Parties owing said estate are also required
to make prompt settlement.
J. E. Rowan,
M. c. Carpenter,
Executors