The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1914-07-10
ASS may fail to reveal any definite

tWenty.four, one to seven days may be
required. The fever is very high. Sc.
rious colics are often present, and each
expiration may be accompanied by
grunt. Local anthrax tumor Charlton
pones) appear externally, first near the
shoulders, neck and head, and are uSu-
ally due to local injury or bruising,
which gives rise to collection of germs
within the blood vessels of the part.
The resulting inflammation causes the
swellings or carbuncleS. These tumors
are at first hard and definitely outlined
but later become cold, insensible, spread
ing and fluctuating. Death usually oc.
ours from the fifth to the tenth day. An
examination of the carcass of an ami.
NAL dead of the Subacute form OF char.
bon will probably show many signs OF
the disease and many changes in tbs.
sues and organs, HemorrhageS may be
found in almeSt all parts OF the body.
Bloody fluid may be present benath the
mucous membrane and the skin. There
will be swelling of the spleen, liver and
kidneys, and the blood will be fluid mot
Clotted) and of a muddy or tarry APP.
pearance. The cavities of the body con.
tain more OF less of bloody fluid, The
Emphatic glands are swollen and con.
tain small hemorrhageS. Many OF the
red blood cells are broken up, and this
gives the blood serum reddish tint.
The walls of the inteStines may appear
perfectly normal, but hemorrhages are
frequently seen, especially in the walls
of the small bowel just below the
stomach.
The subacute form is the most com.
mon seen, and is the only form of char.
bon which is cured by treatment. Death
occurs so quickly in the other two
forms that attempts at treatment IRE
of but little use. Isolated cases are uSu.
ally of the subacute form, and are fire..
quently limited to the formation of a
tumor or carbuncle' or pone at the point
of the body at which the infective germ
first gained entrance through an open
ing in the skin or mucous membranes
TREATMENT
After the symptoms of CHARLTON dis
ease have been fully established. and
the animal is very sick, no known
method of treatment will effect a uni
form and unfalling cure in every case
1t is to be regretted that science has
not given us remedy that will cure
large percentage of the cases of char
bon, but since we have no reliable cur
alive agent, we must depend upon pre-
ventiVe measures.
PREVENTION
The best known and most effective
means of preventing charbon disease
are as follows:
l. The complete burning of all car
caSSeS of animals dead of this disease
and as soon after death as possible. L
is highly desirable to burn the carcass
where the animal died. If it isnecessary
to move the carcass, the skin SHOULD
not be cut. torn nor broken, as each
drop of the animals blood contains ma
} ny Charlton germs. Prevent the bloot
and other discharges from the natura
} body openings, as the nostrils, moutl
$ rectum etc, from splitting on the groun'
. 2. Manure, litter, hay and everything
]. else that has been in contact with thu
: diseased or dead animal should be com
) pletely destroyed by burning. The in
side of barns, stalls, stables, or mill
I sheds should be whiteWashed after tn
animal dies or RECEIVERS.
). 8. Prevent the overflow of lands use
: for pasture or for growing hay or otf
t er feedstuff. All surface pools of stag
Y nant water should be either drained ol
n or fenced up so that animals will no
:. have access to these.
e 4. Reduce the number of variou
g kinds of horsefiies by applying kerr
s sene or crude oil to the surface pools {
b water and to the humid spots in tn
e woods, which these insects frequent.
n 5. Complete isolation of the sick al
Y finals from the healthy ones, and a
: such distance that the flies will not ira
ell from the sick animals to the health.
Y s. Preventive vaccination, In section
is where Charlton has been prevalent
Y previous years, and especially the yea
G before, the owners should vaccinat
e. theiranimalssearly in the spring Marc
II or April), and NOT wait until ear
if summer, when the epidemic appears
n Just as soon as case of Charlton a
pears in herd or in a pasture. no ma
% ter what month of the year, the ownt
N should vaccinate all the animals in tn
a. herd or pasture, and especially tho'
g. that have been in contact with the sic
Is When vacclnating large punches of a
r. imalS, it is wise to separate the sit
TX and the apparently sick from Il
IS thealthy ones and vaccinate the sick al
I'd the healthy with separate materia
IN and separate instruments; for by so d
to ing, the danger of transmitting th
IS. disease from the sick to the healthy
n. the vaccinating needle will be lessene
e, Vaccination should be practiced by on
u. reliable and trustworthy persons, prt
IS erably lby qualified veterinarians,
a.. careless handling of the vaccine mai
IT. rial might result in gserious cons
ry quences. Vaccine material for th
I'D work should be fresh and obtain
er from reliable manufacturers, as the u
is. if weakened old or diluted vaccine C
only lead to disappointing results.
While preventive vaccination, Wi
- good fresh material, in careful han
A a. - Il 4 IL I.