davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-05-24

should pay its share toward the upkeep,
and the act of June IL, 1878, known AZ
the organic act, consequently provides
for the payment Of the expenses OF the
District government equally by the United
States and the District Of Columbia, or
under the half-and-haf plan. This act,
which has been called the Constitution of
the District was only passed by Con-
gress after mature deliberation covering
period of several years. The District
is legislated for by Congress, and its
needs from time to time have been set
forth by the Washington Board Of Traoe
"a few of the things accomplished ana
favored are: Abolition Of grade crossings
and placing overhead wires underground;
completion of the sewerage and sewage
disposal systems; widening and Deepen
ing the channel Of the river and recla-
nation of the Anacostia fats; prepara-
ton and enactment Of the code Of law
for the District; furthering the park COM
mission plans for the future development
and Identification Of Washington; In
crease and filtration of our water supply:
freproof buildings for public schools and
approval of the maintenance OF National
Guards throughout the country and Of an
armory building for our District Ma
tional Guard.
THE board has consistently stood for
the maintenance Of the organic act. It's
membership includes leading and public
spirited citizens from all parts of the
District, numbering at present over 1,20O
and. it is the Oldest organization standing
for the interests of the entire District,
having been organized and incorporated
in 1889"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY

In spite of its important position,
both geographically and politically,
says the Springfield Republican, but
few people realize exactly what they
mean when they speak of Austria
Hungary, and TO many the words Aus
tria and Hungary seems interchange
able terms for the same country.
what, then, is Austria, what is
Hungary, and why are they always
brackcted together"
The Austrian empire is a constitu-
tional monarchy formed Of three
Kingdoms (Bohemia, Galicia and Dali
matia) two archduchies, upper and
duchies, courtships and margraves of
princely rank; all of them united in
the person OF the Emperor Francis
Joseph.
The adjacent and entirely indepen-
dent kingdom of Hungary. in addition
to Hungary proper includes Croatia,
Slavonia and Pennsylvania, countries
formerly independent but now,
through intermarriage, conquest and
inheritance. all possessions of the
apostolic king Of Hungary, who hap
pens by purely historic chance to
be also sovereign of the empire OF
Austria. The possession of unifying
link in the person of their common
ruler has led to the ausgleich or
compromise" whereby the two coun-
tries, for mutual convenience. have
agreed to join forces i'm maintaining
Joint diplomatic and naval and mill
tary services. Beyond this the two
countries are entirely Independent,
each having its own constitution, leg
islature and administration.
No country in Europe, except Hun
gary, contains within its borders so
many diverse nations and tongues as
the Austrian empire. Each of the
three great ethnic stocks of Europe is
represented-vthe Latin, the German
and the Slav, with the latter predomf-
mating, as To II belong IL 900 900 out of
the 2GO00,0OO inhabiting the empire
The Hungarian. or more properly, the
Magyar, Is perhaps the keenest patriot
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19

tage in their hunting expeditions. The
havoc of sleeping sickness is greatly
limited by the native custom of isolat-
ing cases of this disease i'm the forest.
Patients Prey of Lions.
The disease il most acute along the
caravan routes. Here one finds VIII
lagos of 100 huts with but 10 sorry
witnesses OF it's once Importance; here
are grass grown caravan routes, with
only the foot deep tracks to prove
their once Importance; and here ones
heart is torn by the sight of mere skel-
etons. pulling themselves languidly
about with the light of insanity in
their eyes, where one should see the
delightful round beliied native chill
dren. And to add to the horror of the
disease here lions and leopards have
become man-eaters, since the half
fed sick one. driven from the fear
stricken village is the easiest game to
stalk. fd
IAN interesting feature of Batetela
psychology lies i'm the fact that sui
eide appears not to be uncommon and
is regarded as an act OF courage.
Descent is reckoned on the male line,
and children arc considered as more
closely akin to the fathers side"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
HE pLAcAToRY cZAR.

The Russian government IL smooth
spoken 10 elements Of its population
which naturally might be expected To
make trouble for il in time Of war, re-
marks the Evening Wisconsin. To the
Poles il holds out the hope Of a re-
united Poland. independent Of other
nations and governed by its own peo-
pie II the Poles will stand by the Gar
In the present war. II a Copenhagen
dispatch is 10 be believed, the Car has
issued a personal appeal 10 the Jews.
The document. IL is said. is printed in
Russian and Yiddish. II reminds the
Jewish residents OF benefits they are
said 20 have received from Russia and
calls upon them 10 enlist for service in
the Russian army, as Jewish and Rus
sian interests. the Car asserts, are
Identical.
The Frankfurter Zeitung republishes
the manifesto and says: The Jews
are somewhat backward in respond
ing Very likely they have keen
memory Of pogroms. which they do not
regard in the light OF benefits Then.
too they have vivid recOllections of
dreadful Incidents like the massacrcs
al Kien in which the immense ma
chiucry Of the Russian government
was raised not 10 assist, but to en-
Darrass and Cypress them.
How will the Poles regard the prof
fer OF the Gar? They may recall the
fact that .mmunities promised to the
FiHlanders when those hardy and lib
crty loving people were first brought
under Russian rule afterward were abb
rogated without the slightest COM
junction There is no telling exactly
what course the Poles will pursue. for
10 is unlikely they possess great admir-
alton for any description Of foreign
rule over their beloved land The most
natural course Will be for them 10 lis
ten attcntively 10 all proposals and
conduct themselves as in the long run
may seem best calculated To advance
their own personal interests and those
Of their country
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19

Washington. August 19.-The text
between Japan and Great Britain, UNI
der which Japan has now issued an
ultimatum to Germany, became avail
able here today and is as follows:
Agreement of alliance between the
United Kingdom and Japan, signed at
London July 10, 1911:
PREAMBLE.
THE government of Great Britain
and the government of Japan. having
in view the important changes which
have taken place in the situation since
the conclusion of the Anglo Japanese
agreement of August II. 1905, and be-
lievng that a revision of that agree
mcnt, responding to such changes,
would contribute To general stability
and repose, have agreed upon the fol-
lowing stipulations to replace the
agreement above mentioned such stip-
ulations having the same object as the
said agreement, namely:
"(A) The consolidation and main
tenance of the general peace in the
regions of eastern Asia and of India.
"U3) The preservation of the com
mon interests of all powers in China
by insuring the independence and in
tegrity Of the Chinese empire and the
principle Of equal opportunities for the
commerce and industry of all nations
in China.
"(C) The maintenance of the terri
torial rights of the high contracting
parties i'm the regions of eastern Asia
and of India. and the defense of their
special interests in the said regions.
ARTICLE ].
1T is agreed that whenever, in the
opinion of either Great Britain or Jap
an, any of the rights and interests re-
.ferred to in the preamble of this
agreement are in jeopardy. the two
governments will communicate with
one another frankly, and will consider
in common the measures which should
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
:. :. :. = :. :; :. :. :. :, :. :. :. :. :: :
ODD LIFE PREsERvERs.

:. :. = : !. :. :. :. !. :. :. :. = = :. :. =
The wosrt thing 10 do in an acct
dent rs 10 founder around and Shrek
ana cry That expels the air from the
lungs ana then the body will quickly
sink. With this fact understood we
may experiment with a number Of
things 10 show how little it takes 10
support the body. The high silk hat
or man contains sufficient air TO keep
him from sinking if he grasps it by
the rim and hold it's upright 80 that
the air is imprisoned under the hat.
Even a derby hat will support n half
grown boy or girl IL held right, says
Lcslies
Dishpans and buckets or tin pals
can also be used as life preservers
lnvcrt these in the water and grasp
the rim with both hands, and no not
tip them so the air can escape. Not
long ago party Of girls out rowing
had their boat upset in a mountain
lake. All Of them except one could
swim. This girl had an umbrella
with her. raised TO ward off the suns
rays when the accident occurred.
Finding herself in the water some
distance from the boat, she grabbed
for the nearest thing in reach. II
proved TO be her umbrella, floating
with the handle down In the water.
She threw both arms franctically
around the umbrella. To her sur
prise, and to that Of her comrades.
she did not sink. The imprisoned air
under the umbrella supported her
head above water until help arrived.
The small amount of air contained
In bicycle tire will keep ones head
above the water for hours. Even IL
one Is fair swimmer. the day may
come when a knowledge of some of
these every day life preservers will
prove Of the greatest value. II thrown
In the water a long distance from
shore, you may be able to float and
swim with such an aid three times
as far as you could without it.--New
York World.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
LIBERTY AND LOYALTY.

Great Britain az last ls a unified ma
ton. For The FIRST time she can fight
q great war without fearing enemies
in her own house. For ireland ls now
loyal
John Redmond has pledged the feaI-
'y n Home Rule Ireland. and the gov
eminent. .u "a burst ~ Imperial gcuer-
osity. has named "a warship the Erin"
More than that, the government al
Wcs'miuistcr has removed the en-
barge on the shipment ~ arms into
ireland Ana this within two weeks
after British troops shot down Irish
volunteers On Dublin suburb for dar-
.n1 tY accept smugpled rifles
Tho more England loosoua the relns
of power. the more loyal tho members
~ her s.attered empire seem 10 be-
come. The Irish, who fought against
her in tho spanish Armada time until
mo EOcr war; are merely tho latest
and most striking example. The Beers
them elves. whom repression would
never have mastered. now with their
own parliament are glad 10 help defend
the integrity u the empire.
Tho other powers might well learn
from EnFaud's hard-fgught expert
oHoe. Alsacc and Lorraine, though
originally crmau. have never become
reconciled 20 Germany since she took
Thorn from France .n ls71 Today they
are cager for secession, and volunteers
are locking 10 the Franch ranks. Rus
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
this DATE IN HISTORY"

1792-Grand army OF the Allies en-
tered France.
1S14--British troops landed in
Chesapeake Bay and threatened Wash
ington.
1S3l-Steamship Lady Sherbrooke,
from Londonderry to Quebec, wrecked
near Cape Ray. with loss, of 27S lives.
1S5S-Conference at Paris respecting
the Danubian municipalities closed.
1S70-The German began the bonn
bardment OF Strassburg.
INSTRUMENTATION of the new Eddy
stone Lighthouse laid by the Duke of
Edinburgh.
1SS1-Queen Victoria reviewed 49,
900 Scottish Volunteers ut Edinburgh.
NATURALIZATION OF the Bennington
battle monument, at Bennington, VT.
1902-Several hundred lives lost and
much property destroyed in "A cyclone
and earthquake at Martinique.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19

of the Foreign Legion is one Of the
most glorious chapters in French army
records.
The foreign Legion was organized
on February Z, 1881. Some of the
many campaigns in which ii has won
renown are the years Of fighting
against Ab-del- Kedir; the Carlist rev
olution in Spain, when the Legion was
rented To Queen Isabella Of Spain by
Louis Philippe; in the Crimea, in the
Austrian campaign of Napoleon ILL.,, in
Mexico. where the regiment otrange
upheld the honor Of France" in a
campaign that was otherwise disas-
tIous To the French arms, and last, but
not least, the Franco Prussian war Of
1870.
In the last named the Legion was al
most annihilated at the battle Of
Artenay. when. with the turcos. it
| covered the retreat OF DC Ia Motto
rouge's Army OF the Loire and saved
II from destruction. At Tonkin and
in the later French colonial campaigns
the Legion gained more distinction,
10000 Seasoned campsigners.
There are four regiments Of Zouaves
in the Nineteenth Army Corps. 1890
men, and five battalions OF African
light infantry, 1900 strong, six regi-
ments OF five squadrons each The
spahis, Bedouin horse. who have also
met the Germans once before, number
$500 men, in four regiments.
All in all, the above mentioned
troops form field force OF 10000
men, exclusive Of engineers and artil-
lery. seasoned campaigners. who are
always spelling" for a fight, and in
whom the spirit of the 'revanche"
burns as strongly as in the other
French troops. 1t was only sheer
weight OF numbers that ever made
African troops Of France draw back
in 1870, and when they did their OPP
pOnents were only too glad To see
them go or to follow closely their
snarling defiant retreat. II will take
a lot of fighting To check the ardor of
those French-Afrcan troops of today.
OF native troops outside Of those i'm
the Nineteenth Army Corps France
has many fine soldiers in the tiraill
ours senegalais, the big black fighting
men of Senegal, who created such a
sensation in Paris a year ago, when
they made their first appearance there.
There are seven regiments and six
separate battalions Of them; three
regiments Of tirailleurs Maigaches and
one regiment of tiraillcurs -Annamies.
In all, there are 10000 native troops
in the Colonial army of France, out
side Of Algeria. which is included
in the so-called metropolitan army. a
grand total of 10000 dusky skinned
African warriors could he summoned
by France to aid her If necessary. in
Guiding turcos spahis. tiraillcurs and
native artillerymen.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19

in Europe, and he manifests his en-
thusiasm by seeking to impose his
language and customs upon his Sla-
vonic fellow citizens with a persist
ence that neither opposition nor pas
sive resistance can diminish.
In these lands, so mixed in national
ity and language, there is no less
variety Of religion; Roman Catholics
preponderate, but Greek Orthodox,
Unit Greeks. Butherans, Calvinists.
Jews and even Armenian Gregorians
are found within their borders. The
customs union between Austria and
Hungary has rendered these countries
"A commercial unit; but roughly speak
Ing Hungary is the agricultural and
pastoral country while Austria is in
dustrial Hungary is also the richest
country in Europe in mineral deposits.
the range Of which is singularly wide.
Austria is, after Switzerland, the
most mountainous region i'm Europe,
more than. four flfths of her vast ter
ritory being 600 feet above sea level
Mountain climbing is the great nation
al game, like baseball in the United
states. Old, young. middle aged. all
take a keen interest in IL. Even En-
peror Francis Joseph is an enthusias-
tic mountaineer at more than so years
of age. In his time he has scaled most
of the great peaks in his country.
Vienna, the imperial city. the capital
of Austria, owns her own electric ana
gas light, street railways and omni-
buses. ice manufacturing plant, ware
house. stockyards, brewery. wine cell
lar, all the pawnshops and even the
undertaking establishments.
Budapest, the capital of Hungary
formerly Two cities. Buda and Pest, Is
Paris Vienna and London in one,
combination Of the gayeties of the
capitals of the world, with a little dis
tinctive Hungarian paprica spice
thrown in. s- Esn
Even in the remotest corners of Aus
tria- Hungary the strong arm of the
law Is ever present, the river stretches
ana the back country being policed py
"a heavily armed constabulary.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
Both Civilized and Primitive
Negroes in Belgian Kongo

Washington, ID. c., Aug. 19.-Belgian
Kungo, in Africa, so frequently men
toned in recent European dispatch hes
as a possible objective point of the
German troops, is the home alike of
the most progressive negroes Of Afri-
ca and Of the most primitive and saw
age cannibals, according To state
mcnt issued by the National Geogra-
phic Society. at Washington, d. c., to-
day.
This African colony In so cut up by
rivers and impenetratable forests that
the tribes inhabiting the country
vary greatly in their customs and
language" says the SOcietys bulletin.
But a few miles distant from these
barbarous savages are endless planta-
lions Of millet and grain of their civ
ilZcd countrymer. The cannibal Ban
kutus Of Belgian KongO make a prac-
tise OF removing the upper incisors.
Their dress consists of a pleated skirt,
which does not quite meet on the right
thigh; but the women I'm the south
wear hide grdle with deep fringe
Of palm fiber string. Among this tribe
the slaves are compelled to wear a
special dress. which liz, in fact. the or
binary custome OF the Akela. to which
tribe most of them belong. The Ban
lSutus are great cannibals. as far as the
male members Of the tribe are con-
cerned. and the victims are always
slaves. In fact all slaves are ult-
mately eaten. since II il believed that
If slave were buried his ghost would
Kill his master.
Bow Is Cheap Weapon.
"Their chief weapon is the bow
poison being used on the arrows.
shields are now absolete. one of their
most interesting points is their use of
conventional throwing knife as cur
rency. The Bankutu are almost the
only tribe OF this region who have
been successful in resisting the add
vance of the white man. This fact is
due to their skill i'm forest warfare
The way leading TO their village is
defended by poisoned spikes hidden by
leaves. They use bows and arrows
set like traps in the form Of primitive
| spring guns, and are quite ready, II n
white man is expected. 10 bait such
traps with live baby. being sure that
! the European will be able 10 resist the
temptation to pick up an apparently
abandoned child. The poison they use
liz absolutely deadly.
mot far from the cannibai regiOu
| peace and security reign. The endless
pla ntation, clean villages ana well kept
houses make an impression Of general
| prosperity. The Batetela, also ~ Bel
gian Kongo. is an excellent agricultur-
ist and stock breeder and very indus
trious. He is not at all conservative:
any innovation will tempt him. Rice.
| Madagascar potatoes and fruit trees
imported by the white man are found
In every village. The people are scant
~ clothed but this is of great advan-
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
Text of carbohydrates alliance

he taken to safeguard those menaced
rights or interests.
ARTICLE ii.
"lf by reason of unprovoked attack
or aggressive action, wherever arising,
on the part of any power or powers,
either high contracting party should
be involved in war in defense of it's
mentioned in the preamble of this
agreement, the other high contracting
party will at once come to the assist
ance of its ally and will conduct the
war in common, and make peace in
mutual agreement with it.
ARTICLE III.
Tho high contracting parties agree
that neither of them will, without con-
sulting the other, enter into separate
arrangement with another power to
the prejudice of the objects described
i'm the preamble of this agreement
ARTICLE ".
Should either high contracting
party conclude a treaty of general ar
hitration with a third power, it is
agreed that nothing in this agree
mcnt shall entail upon such contract
ing party an obligation to go to war
with the power with whom such treaty
of arbitration is in force.
ARTICLE V.
THE conditions under which armed
assistance shall be afforded by either
power to the other in the crcum-
stances mentioned in the pres
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19
FrdnceHaS 20, OOOHfrican
Warriors; Are Fighters of
Great Courage and Ability

The announcement that detachments
OF the Turcos. the famous fighting ma
tive Algerian troops of France. are ac-
companying the French forces invad-
ing Alsace discloses the determination
81 France 10 make use OF the splendid
regiments OF native troops from her
colonies. once before. in 1870, in the
hour OF her need. France called upon
the Turcoc, and they fought and died
drought the bitter winter OF 1901
for the tri-color
The regiments known affectionately
10 France as the Turcos are the trail
leurs Algeriens. dusky Algerian infan-
trymen. splendid fighters, well disci-
plined and always in the pink of con-
dition from their continuous border
lighting. Nine regiments of these
fierce Algerian fighters has France at
her beck. some 10000 fighting men who
have proved their valor in every cam
paign in which they have been engage
ed since they were organized, nearly
century ago.
Are Famous Fighting Men.
II the TurcOs have been called upon
IL will not be long before the rest OF
the French forces in Algeria and Tunis
VIII be sent To France. The Algerian
forces OF France are included in her
regular military establishment as dis
tinctive from the other colonial troops.
Algeria comprises the nineteenth zone
in the French mobilization scheme,
and the troops there are the Nine
teenth Army Corps This corps in
cludes some of the hardest fighters
in the world. with regulations proven
time and time again in countless cam
paigns-notably the Foreign Legion.
the Zouaves, the Turcos, the Chas-
seurs d'Afrique and the Spahis.
The Foreign Legion. outside OF
three companies Of mounted infantry;
the Zouaves and the Turcos are foot
soldiers. The Zouaves are Frenchmen;
the DICTIONARIES Of all nationalties, and
the Turcos are natives. The Chasseurs
d'Afrique and the Spahis are cavalry, |
the former French and the latter ma
tive Arab horsemen.
The Foreign Legion is made up OF
two regiments Of six battalions each, |
an effective force Of $500 men. fully |
thirty per cent Of whom are Alsatians |
who will not serve i'm the Germany
army. Another twenty per cent, IL il |
are Germans. most Of them |
ieserters from the German army's |
rigid rule. The rest is made up of adj
venturers from all over the world |
many Of them men who have nothing
10 live for and who want To die with
heir boots on"
Foreign Legion OF Great Repute.
No questions are asked of the pro-
spective recruit in this corps. II he
IAN pass the physical examination that
Il all that is necessary. The history |
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-08-19

Fig is unanimously voted the best
amateur entertainment produced in
Calumet In years Il is enchanting in
theme. music and scenic effects. pre-
senting a charming picture of the fairy
world, delightful alike 90 both young
and Old "Flh' BIS presented IN a good
cause. The playground movement il
worthy Of support, but the production
Itself is a genuine treat. The final OPP
pDrtunity 20 enjoy IL viii be offered to-
night.