davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

ehusetts Minnesota, Mississippi. Ne
braska defeated full suffrage Tues.
day.. New Hampshire. New Jersey.
New Mexico. New York, North Da-
kota. Oklahoma, Ohio defeated full
suffrage in 1912 and on tuesday,
South Dakota. Vermont and Wiscon-
sin.
Despite the claims OF woman sui.
rage leaders that they won the vote
II some OF the other seven states
which voted on the subject Tuesday,
late returns bear out early Indications
that the franchise was denied women
IT Ohio. Missouri, Nebraska. North
Dakota, and South Dakota.
Effects OF Women's Votes.
Officers of the National Woman Suf.
irage association tonight began TO re.
tipitate the results OF women's votes
IN the various states in which they
hailoted on Tuesday They contend
mat the women were instrumental I'm
California In passing the laws that
VIII drive out pugilism and segregated
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

nsirium.s piuabis rurbt g. AmeHoa t.
impulse f0 rcuon
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

ku kiuxism IN Logan and watsonIsm
In Marion are twin Democratic sisters.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

Try Climalene for general household
cleansing purposes.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

An Austrian government bureau has
ofncially estimated the Population Of
mat mat country this year at almost
-s'VVo'oVo-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

The next legislature should aim 70
quality. not quantity as n record.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-11-10

gotiate peace with Roosevelt Il wouls
simplify things greatly for 1916.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

Lester Hamilton was in town from
Sweet yesterday.
The great Majestic, the range of
quality, at Reilly's-
Use eur home-cured hams and
bacon and lard. Steward & Burkhard
E. K. McAuley is down from the
mines near Horseshoe Bend to spend
the holidays with his family.
Mike Gilbride came in yesterday
from his ranch at Indian Cove to
spend the holidays with his family.
Charles Blum of Nebraska arrived
Friday to make his annual visit to
his chum Leslie Mills. He will make a
long visit.
We will have another guessing con-
test. Instead of beans it will be
watch wheels and parts of watches in
the jar. With every dollar purchase
you will get one guess. No one will
know how many pieces there are, not
even ourselves. w. j. Easton, the
reliable jeweler.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

Louis Larson returned home Friday
from stay of several days in Boise.
Mince meat, the best you ever ate.
Fresh, home made, Is cents per pound
Palace Bakery.
Keystone coal $500 per ton at car,
$3.50 per ton delivered. Phone AZ W.
Hance & Obermeyer.
Miss Alice Hartley came home Mon
day from tie Moscow university to
spend her vacation with her parents.
Ray Hartley and wife were passen-
gers yesterday for Nampa, where they
will spend Christmas with Mrs. Hart
ley's parents.
Clare Haylor, who has been working
for a construction company in Ere
mont county for several months, ar
rived Tuesday to spend the holidays
at home.
Alta Damass, who is attending
school in Emmett, is spending the
holiday vacation with her parents at
Crawford.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24
Fresh oysters at John & Meow
an Mercantile Co.'s.

OIL 4uClSolitllC w. ..
Harmon Shannon, of the forest SER
vice, is in town to spend the holidays.
Mems rubbers so cents and ladies'
rubbers 40 cents at Emmett Mercan-
tile Co.'s store.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. ]. Phelan came
down from Placerville Monday to
spend the holidays.
The Trey O'Hearts, Louis joseph
Vance's great serial story, at the
Electric every Wednesday.
Mrs. E. E. Hunt and youngest son
arrived Monday from Montpelier and
are visiting old friends in town.
Richard Evans, of the reclamation
service with headquarters at Arrow
Rock, was a guest at the Ira L. Flag
Ter home on the slope Tuesday.
We will have plenty of extra help
during the holidays, so that custom
ers will not need to wait. W. j. Eas-
ton, the reliable jeweler.
A surprise party was given by the
young people in honor of Mr.. and Mrs.
Seth Russell at their home on the
mesa Saturday evening. A pleasant
evening is reported.
A healthy man is king in his own
right; an unhealthy man an unhappy
slave. For impure blood and sluggish
liver, use Burdock's Blood Bitters. On
the market 35 years. 81 bottle.
Residents of Kansas City who are
interested in the Emmett country,
state that Payette valley Winesap ap-
Piles are retailing at 50 per box. One
merchant stated that he paid the COM
mission men S1.35 per box.
Hon E. K. Hayes and Hon ]. W..
Tyler will leave in a few days for
the capital city to assume their duties
as members of the 18th session of the
Idaho legislature. Miss Jessie Way
man will substitute for Mr.. Tyler in
the Lincoln school, but as yet our
friend Ed has not procured a sub
stitute.
If you will subscribe to The Index
for one year we will give you choice
of 35 magazine clubs free.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24
EMMETT NEWS

We have some fine pitch kindllng
for sale. Come and get some. John
& MCGOWAN.
Gordon and Darwin Beers drove to
Fruitland and Ontario yesterday to
spend the holidays.
Accidents will happen, but the best
regulated families keep DR.. Thomas
Eclectic Oil for such emergencles.TWo
sizes rs and SOC at all stores.
M. E. Lewis spent a few days this
week in town looking after business
matters. He left Tuesday for Mos
COW.
Hot tamales, fresh and juicy, will
be served at each Wednesday and
Saturday night dance at Pleasure
Club hall by Clinton Titus.
John D. Orr, district manager for
the Idaho Railway Light & Co., left
this week for Kansas City, Mo-, to
spend the holiday season with his par
ents.
Mrs. D. Mcmillan of the Big ranch
left for San Francisco to spend the
holiday season with her sons, who
are in the service of the government
in and near that city. She will also
take in the exposition before return
ing.
We will carry a very complete stock
of Oregon fir flooring and high grade
finishing lumber. A carload of this
choice lumber is expected to arrive IN
a day or two. Place your orders with
us. John & MCGOWAN.
A. H. Leary and wife of New
Meadows are visiting at the homes OF
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed hawthorn and Mr..
and Mrs. J. w. Brill this week.
Mr.. O'Leary is superintendent OF the
Pacific & Idaho Northern Railway
Company, and Mrs. O'Leary is sister
of Mrs. Ed hawthorn. They were &C
companied here from Weiser by the
mother of the HAWTHORN boys and Mrs.
Brill, who will spend sometime here
Harsh physics react, weaken the
bowels, will lead to chronic constlpa-
ton. Doan's Regulets operate easily.
Csc a box at all stores.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

We have some fine pitch kindling
for sale. Come and get some. John
& MCGOWAN.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
REPUTATION.

The Democratic party went into
power with a platform pledge to re.
duce government expenses. l:cnno.
my was the watclward. Now the
Secretary of the Treasury gives us
the Information that the ordinary
expense of tho government for The
first Democratic year will amount To
s79%.pU0,0O Gas against SGS: ,UUu,-
100 for the last Republican udmiuis-
tration and $47l.0OO.OOO for 1907,
What are Democratic platforms
nadc for anyway II hot TO get In Of
Ito on? The baltimore Platform
!as been openly rcpudlutcC on the
Panama tolls and on the promise OF
economy, TO say nothing Of tic faith
III promise to reduce the high cost
II living.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19

this when he knows that his good
neighbors are watching him. As II
is now, he thinks no one knows It but
himself and the outside worker but
he Is mistaken and don't know II.
The practice has become so common
In many places that election officers
often talk and laugh about how well
they did the work.
Under the present erection law the
challenger is now generally used. to
20 In with the voter and see that he
votes as he was paid TO do. Under
the present law there is nothing to
prevent the challenger from going
on the outside of the voting place
and taking a voter to a secluded spot
and making deal with him and fol-
lowing him into the voting place aud
seeing that he votes right. This Is
no news TO election workers in Fair
mont and We suppose In most other
sections of the state. This practice
and others just as bad can be broken
up aud It will he IL the voters will
assert their rights and elect the right
men TO the legislature.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
COSTLY LESSONS.

Wm.. I.orimCr will now pass into
The oblivion Of the "has-borns" ami
will no longer bc In a position of
rust whereby he can fool tho pco.
pie. The failure OF his string of
Chicago banks was only the inevi-
table result of public records. such
rs l.orimcr'S. Starting out as a boot
black he rapidly rose in the husi-
ness and political world until he
vas tue head of u string Of hanks
Ind was hOnOrcd with scat In The
L. S. Senate, although this honor
was bought and paid for by the lum-
Der trust and other forms Of big
business. So powerful was I.0rImcr
intrCnCllrd in Chicago that the first
Investigation Of his election by the
Senate resulted in vindication or
'whitc-wash," hut the newspapers
lid not let the matter rest at that
lndSby persistent publicity aroused
public sentiment So strongly against
i.OriMCr that another investigation
was started which resulted In his
-cmuvai from the Senate. The evil
!cnce that his place in the Senate
was secured by bribery was concIu-
i've and\thc bribc-taIicrs were driv-
an into the open and made confess
'IonS Of their guilt. just why Lori
'ncr should have been continued at
he head Of these banking institu-
lions Is hard To explain unless II
can he accounted for on the ground
hat he was surrounded and pro-
,ectcd by set of dummy" or "hnnc-
head" directors.
Public sentiment is stronger than
IN army Of I.orimcrS. no matter
how much capital is placed at their
command. and he now agrees to
iuit these banks to save the lnstitu-
ions. Public sentiment drove J. p.
Morgan & Co. from intcrlocking d.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19

the District Attorney are attending
the Democratic conventions and
hrowhcating and cocrcing voters To
support their favOritc candidates or
candidates that are favorable to the
Wilson administration.
Republican voters and Republican
newspapers, land the West Virginia.:
WAS one OF thcm) were open and
frank enough to break up this rrar-
lice in the Republican party. by pub
lie criticism. and with the help of u
few more able and independent Dem
ccratic papers like the Huntington
advertiser this practice will he stop
red in the Democratic party In the
beginning public sentiment had 10
5o aroused against these practices
hut now That will not he necessary.
The public has It's mind made up on
this point aud all 1t wants Is the IN
formation that such tactics arc he
ing practiced. The voters may he dc
pended upon TO furnish the proper
remedy.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
HE MAY EXPLAIN.

Perhaps Senator Chiffon, who has
been engaged in explaining to the
Senate Just how the stationery OF the
Senate committee of which he Is
chairman cauiG to be used in the pro.
motion of a more or less doubtful
gold mining scheme. may he induced
10 extend his remarks so as to in
clndc an explanation of some of the
gold bricks that he has palmcd on
upon the people of West Virginia in
the way Of federal officcrs.-IIunt-
ingt0n Advertiser CDcm.)
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
FEDERAL COERCION

Under Il Republican administration
the Democratic leaders and nCwsaa,
HcrS considered II Il high crime and
misdCmcanOr for IL federal office.
holder 20 take part openly in pOliti-
cal conventions or meetings. Now
We have these same crimes cOndoned
by the same critics. We have IL from
the best Democratic authority in I'll,
southern part Of the state, a rccOg
mizcd Democratic leader, and tn,
strongest Democratic newspaper be-,
low the kanawha river. that U. S
Marshals and their deputies and even
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
MORE THAN PSYCHOLOGICAL.

The disappointment In the DEMO
[ ratio ranks In Col. RoUscvrlt'S rcfns-
al to take the stump or run for gov
crnOr Of New York 0n the rrugrcs-
sivc ticket Is overwhelming. The
condition of the Democratic mind
under tho distressing circumstances
i more than psychological. It Is real
aud most depressing. vcrging on mel
anchoIy and COLLAPSE.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
BREAKING uPiEIEcTIoN FRAUDS


Six election officers in New York
we're sentenced yesterday to six
pontlis imprisonment aud to pay
fines Of $100Seacf, for stuffing bal
OF boxes last April.
a This and vote buying are common
practices in many places in West Wiz
Isinfa but under our election laws we
ipnd no one in prison for their viola.
lon. Iss
When the people wake up TO the
IMPORTANCE OF making laws that can
Ind will be enforced then they will
lave clean elections and not before.
Under the present laws the penal.
les are severe enough but with col
usion on the part of election Officers
pm the inside ofSthe voting precincts
io indictments or Convictions can be
had. That Is! Why bribery is openly
Practiced in FairInont and s'othcr
places in the state: Advantageous
newspaper some time ago stated that
H;alfs the votes castsin that eltykwcrc
purchased votes. itWelimayl bc mis-
aken about thenumber but any way
was an alarming amount Of pur.
fhasable votes that city affords. a.
Yong as so-called respectable higher.
Ups furnish the doodle TO bribe vot.
Prs just SO long vii the voter believe
hat he is partly excusablc In taking
2 he money. sl.aws5 can he made II
West Virginia that will stop bribery
{at the polls and that will reach and
punish the bride, giver and the buodlc
urnisher along, with tho hribc takcr.
West Virginia wants such law
A can be passed by making election
reforms an issue In the coming cam
paign fnd make candidates to the
cgtslskhre pledge themselves to such
reforms. II the voters can not get
their own candidates to so plcdg,
themselyes let them vnte for a candI.
date on another ticket that will
promise such reform.
Tho best and easiest way to break
<nr and prevent bribery at the polls,
'pr the collnsion Of poll clerks and
commissioners, Will be to so amend
the election law as to permit all po-
litical parties or a reasonable mum
her Of citizensstosp place watchers Oh
he inside TO- protect; the ballot box
and sec thatSaafair COUNT is had.
With a few Keen eyed. watchers on
hand the syst EN- kof bribery now SC
well manipulated scould s6on:be de.
tected. r6fS
Men who now will pass the word
10 the outside.sworker how n voter
bassvotcd wHepshe has taken an oath
'not to do sogwill be ashamed to do
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19

he stands in front of mirror aud
talks to herself.
Once upon time n man invented
u skirt that would enable woman TO
get on Il street ear without hosting
half way TO tlc knee. The poor slob
starved 10 death.
There is n difference between rca-
son and an excuse, hut only married
mcn know the answer.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
by tile ncighlmrs.

by the ncishlhrs.
The old-fasliioncd man who used
to hide his money in tho big family
Bible because nobody ever opened it
now has u son who hasn't any coin to
hide.
Get the idea out Of your head that
success comes from soud luck. Ii
comes from gond work.
Once in a while a married woman
gets so hard up, for kind word that
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
.PRIzE.WINNING ANSWER.

IFfnM lHH washington IOSI.I :
Answering the New York Suns
call for the thrcn hest works Of short
fiction. we suggest Coins Financial
Scloul," Villas report on the death
of EcntOn, and the baltimore plat
form.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
IN REFORMED MINGo.

.tFrOm Williamson Daily Nrws.l
II is II fOrcgonc conclusion with
everybody that corrupt politics IN
MinGO county is q thing Of the past.
The people Will /lIaye no more OF 1t.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19

There were only 1. dozen In
the lot, 50 you will have to hurry
IL you get yours.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
NOTHING TO LIVE FOR.

CFrOm The Boston TranscriptD
Congressional action abOIishinS
he tobacco coupon will fall as Il
rushing blow on The poor fellow
no only needs 27GS more.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
LUKE McLUKE SAYS

After some men take n day on they
look as though they had taken year
ON.
Any girl can sing II you leave II Ia
her mother. But you cant prove Il
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19

rcrtorutcs and the firm admitted it.
Zig business is learning its lessons
hut II is paying dearly for its tut
liOu.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-19
A SENATE PROSPECT.

tFrum tn" sun, New NnrE.
More bryan ircuti". TnIr ;; nata
rows; grape juice and yiirinl.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1914-05-23
Your Own
Initial on
Every Piece

By buying a large guam
|ity we have made arrange
|ncnts with the factory to
decorate each piece with
|your own initial in Roman
Gold. This is a wonderful
opportunity for the user OF
IUXIUS CREAMERY
|BUTTER and LUAIUS
|BRICK ICE CREAM to
secure a substantial and
beautiful household neces-
sity at a nominal cost that
would be an ornament to
any table.
Save your coupons and
order either from your
grocer or direct from US
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16

Being the holder Northwest
fetal world walking Tacoma
Athletic club r. A.
Just good walker in the campaign
finance commissioner.
Young born in Philadelphia in 1875 He in this
Quaker until IL old when he
parents and has been resident
when he manager of newspaper in Olympia
At 10 he collector the
out of
business
He took preparatory college work and followed this
field
for several until he finally Olympia
of the there
Young has important edge candidates in
being student of the political He has
thick Of the political Tight practically his
swept the
county In the last
when Judge Billy Smell grabbed Pierce county
politicians in the Poindexter fight which
Petit three years
He married, whom go to Bryant
school, and developing something
campaign.
He outspoken questions up and the
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16
WASHINGTON
TALKS THIRD
ENGAGEMENT
SOCIETY HEARS MISS MAR
GARET WILSON is TO WE'D
BOYD FISHER OF PRINCE
TON.

3 WASHINGTON, d. c., Mar. IS.
With hardly time given to catch
its breath after the news of the
coming wedding of Miss Eleanor
Wilson, the presidents youngest
daughter, to William M. McAdoo,
Washington society today was dis
cussing more breathlessly the re-
rorted engagement of Miss Mar
garet Wilson, the presidents cid
est daughter. to Boyd Fisher, If
Princeton, N j.
Although previously this report
had been denied promptly, this
time no denial was forthcoming
and society was inclined to take
tiNseriousiy.
b. News of Miss Margaret Wilson's
romance is raid to have come
from the same source that first
gave out the report of the engage
aent of Miss Eleanor. The news
of both engagements, 1t 10 said.
was contained in a letter sent by
member of the presidents
household, which letter. II Is
said, happened to come to the no.
tice of a reporter.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16

mother although looked older
than her
Charles prosecuted
n community given the limit, 30 prison.
good. Most would applaud the severest
who would take advantage of imma
girl a angle has arisen Valies mother
that
Vale needs a father
a name!
Vale needs the services Of a support
and his mother.
VaIe needs the Of a who provide him with
sneering with food clothing
There a movement southern Illinois for the
don oil Kinney.
The movement started by Calvert herself. She
give Vaie and start home
support family petitoned the state pardon
board doesn't know what to do. has dis
csion.
Kinney has willing take his medicine
his in life, is
girl the best of his
mai her and their boy.
Today child have home. They live the
relatives.
Without thought but with all their hearts
Kinney and Cora pleaded together before
the release. They frequently
all their correspondence love and pride in the
child beam FORTH
PARDON He presented big petition to the par
don board. d,4l.l.. :.
1t certain great problemthis problem of Vaie. the
baby and Vaie's mother and yaie's father, A915.
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IN THE CASE?
A015 free he could work for his
baby? .sL. - :, .
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16
NORTON TAYLOR
DROPS OUT
Of RACE

Norton l.. Taylor is out of the
race for commissioner of light and
water and he announced today
that he would not file his peti.
tons for nomination.
He will continue to hold his
place as engineer of the light de-
partment and will keep out of the
political game.
The announcement of Taylor's
withdrawal this morning produc-
ed a great skurrying among his
friends and political hackers and
indications today are his support
will go almost entirely to James
c. Drake.
brakes friends were jubilant
when they heard Taylor had de-
cided to quit and they expressed
confidence this morning that
Drake would go in on the first
election.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16
SLASHES AND CUTS
PARTNER WITH AXE

er man until he fell unconscious
beside a county highway, and
then returned calmly to his shack,
where he was found drinking
bottle of beer when officers ar
rived. Frazier made no denial of
the assault. The two men live in
a hut near the Puyallup reserva-
tion. Automobiles came upon
McKune's body near the road,
stripped partially of clothing, and
bleeding from numerous wounds.
At, the county hospital, where he
was taken, 1t was found that he
had several broken ribs, two
gashes on the face, and numerous
cuts about the body.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16
NER PARCELS
POST RULING

WASHINGTON, D. c., Mar. 16.
Butter, eggs, fruit, vegetables
and poultry in shipments of from
20 to SO pounds can hereafter be
sent by parcel post in boxes or
crates, according to new ruling
of the postoffice department. I'm
der 20 pounds, these articles must
be sent securely packed as before.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16
CLUB.

Mrs. Cora Julian and Mrs. JEFF
freys will entertain the Eureka
Rebekah Card club Wednesday
afternoon at Odd Fellows temple.
All Rebekahs and friends are in.
vited.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16

The Brotherhood OF Railway
'Trainmen will hold its 18th an
nual ball at Eagles hall tomor-
row night. The committee in
charge of the ball IL composed of
Il. G.. Rinkenberger. Ed Snyder
and q. w. Rigney.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16

HERE is A HUMAN
QUESTION FOR YOU

See the handsome baby boy!
:
That's ALT No other Just VAIIIE.
And around Vallie the of . human
probIem-oId, yet every day.
leading the Baby Valie.
Shall VaIie without name-a slur byword and
disgrace among his companions?
And
Vallies belong Vaie
they belong a great state?
vaes father convict he's convict because he's
the father of Valne
good Vales in the United States but this
community. All southern
Illinois greatly excited the of vae vaies mamma
Vallie's father.
Charles Kinney farmers in Sand Ridge township,
the farm home Charles
and should have known better buhe baby Vaie
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1914-03-16

Attacking his partner, John
McKune, age 81, with a rusty
double bitted axe, Daniel Frazier.
age so. beat and slashed the eld-