The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

oooNo AtOAlS klt |
Wnole western coast of this continent.
ne expects an Immediate increase
from now on in the exports of Chile
10 the United States, and that not
oniy from Its mines, but also from its
farms and orchards. He spoke kind
~ of Col. Theodore Roosevelt. who
mas made a host of frier DIS during
his visit to Chile, and also referred to
the convention of the Pan-American
Union at Santiago and to the fact
Inat our Secretary Of State. Mr..
Bryan, and Mr.. John Barrett, the
director Of the union, are to be pres
ent. The president believes in a
closer union Of the pan-American re-
publics. and thinks that they should |
cooperate in maintaining the peace |
or this hemisphere.
During the interview l asked Don
ramon several questions as to his eX-
ecutive powers and as to the points |
OF difference between the Republic of
Chile and ours. The Chilean consti-
tuition is modelled upon that of he
United States, but there are striking
d~irerences, and in some Of these
Chile has the advantage. President
Don Barros Luco, for instance, was
elected for a five-year term in .tead of
TOUR years., as was President Wilson,
n he cannot succeed himself, al
though he may have a second term if
another president intervenes. This
takes him out Of politics as far as
using the civil service is concerned.
Another point Of difference is in the
Ondu Of the administration. The
PRESIDENT of the United States is as
sisted by a cabinet Of secretaries ap-
pointed by himself, although their ap-
pOintments must be confirmed bv the
Senate. The president of Chile APP
points his own cabinet, but he has
also a council Of state of eleven mem
DerS, nve OF whom are nominated by
him and the other six chosen by con-
gress. This council has advisory
functions, and it's approval is required
IN many OF the executive acts and ap-
pOlntments. In case our President
dies the Vice President succeeds, and
II he passes away the Secretary Of
State becomes President for the re
mainder of the term. Chile has no
vice president, but if the president
dies n secretary Of the interior be-
comes the vice president and acts as
: president until a new president a
!, be legally elected.
:. The President of the United States
is far better paid than the president
, Of Chile. President Wilson has a
| lowance Of $685. 900 for travelling ex-
E penses. Besides, he has his house
: rent free and lots of perquisites. Don
Ramon Barros has a salary of less
e than $1,000, and in the neighborhood
of $4,000 for expenses. His total Of
? fetal income is just about $12,0 900,
. and, notwithstanding this, he lives in
good style and has a Limousine.
e The moneda, or Chilean White
House, is much larger than our Elk
ecutive Mansion. 1t covers almOs
e four acres and consists Of a three
e story building running around patios
or courts, filled with flowers and il
n which fountains play. The building
e is large for a country the size o.
r Chile, and, as the story goes, it wa:
made Sc through a mistake. 1t wa.
& built in the old Spanish times, thu
plans being made in Madrid and sen
to Santiago. The Spanish architec
e had been old by the king to con
d struct two sets Of drawings, n for
large building in Mexico City, ther
n also a part of the Spanish Chile. H
e followed his directions, but in for
warding the plans Santiago got tn
,r Mexican drawings and Mexico go
al those for Santiago. The result wa
le this enormous mOneua, which is to
it day the largest presidential residenc
Is on this hemisphere.
~ Returning to the government o
N Chile, the country is one Of the bes
is managed Of all South America. 1t
De people are nOteu lof lileli paeilo,A9i
" They are for Chile first, last al d a.
,e the time, and although they will fgh
If each other during the presidentla
as campaigns. they are peaceful enoug
I'd once the president is elected. Th
country is not one Of revolutions.
has had only thirteen presidents sine
k-1S3O, and one of these was elected
but did not act. Since the beglnnln
4 Of the republic in 1910 there hay
been twenty-five presidents, and IN
lis only revolutionary period was be
he tween 1923 and 1880, when ther
were ten different executives. Durin
IN the first years of the republic severe
he Of the presidents had terms OF te
in years, and it was no untli 1o'l tna
10 tho fve-vear period, without re-elet
t;on which now prevails, began. II
TO president has the right of veto, bl
congress can, by a two-thlrds vol
override his objections, and make 1