davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Substitutes for CeIIuIoid.

The increasing use of celluloid for
the manufacture Of imitation ivory,
horn, shell, linen, wood, glass, proce-
lain, ETC., is due to the cheapness of
this mixture of pSroXlin and cam
phor It has, however, the serious
drawback of being highly infammable,
and even explodes at high tempera-
lures.
Hence substitutes lacking this dan
gerous property have long been
sought. Such a one is acetylcellulose,
made by the action of acetic acid on
pure cellulose. This, however, is
more costly, and therefore has not
made it's way except where price is
a secondary consideration.
Very recently, however, substitutes
have been invented which are not
only effective, but cheap. There are
viscose and formyleellulose already
known because of their employment
in maging artificial silk.
While they are not as yet utilizable
for objects which must have great
solidity like those Of horn and ivory,
it is safe to predict a great future for
them, since already blocks Of Viseoid
have been produced which can be
readily colored, polished and worked.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
U. S. GOLD HELPS PALESTINE
Emlsrants From That Country to
America Send Home Much of
the Wealth Gained.

The AmericaniZation Of certain
parts of Palentine was described
at London, England, by DR.. A.
NJ. Gyle, the explorer and lee
turer. He found even the Mohamme-
dams eager to learn English and to
educate themselves according to west
ern ideas. In Nazareth he discovered
a great dearth of young men, for the
active fellows had all migrated west
ward in search Of fortune.
Many of them" he said, ARE going
TO America, where they obtain situa-
lions as clerks in houses dealing with
produce from their native land. Some
of them have done we'll, and at Beth
lehem l observed quite a number Of
excellent new houses which l learned
had been erected by successful emf
grants for their parents"
On the borders of the Sea of Cali
lee DR.. Gyle was surprised to see q
derrick, and still further surprised to
discover a Californian in charge, who
explained, I'VE are after oil; we have
already gone down SEQ feet, and there
is no question that we are going to
get oil"
THE merriest men in the world
seem to be the pigmies, who live and
laugh in the Forest of Eternal Twi-
light" said DR.. Gyle, whose discovery
of these people made him famous. He
added: They laugh louder and more
often than any other person l have SO
far met. 1t was very pleasant ex-
perience in this striving age to be
with people who laughed more than
they frowned.
Next to the pigmies, the jolliest
race, l believe, is that Of the Shans.
Some of these little people are to be
found in the northern part of Siam,
and l am preparing an expedition to
go and study them. They have sue
ceeded in resisting the influence OF
the Chinese, Siamese and Burmese,
by whom their territory is surrounded,
and they have preserved their own
language and a great many of the GUS
toms peculiar to their race"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

find a nut of Just the form shown.
Then all you will have to do is mark
the eyes with pen or pencil and make
pair of toothpick feet
Brownie Jim Gig. 50 is keeper of
the Nutland zoo. His body is an al
mond, his head a chestnut, and his
arms are toothpicks- He wears broad
shoes made of pumpkin seeds and a
hat made of q cup from a large
acorn.
The spider Gig. g. is a monster,
but is quite harmless. Its body is a
peanut, and it's legs are bent tooth.
picks
Nutland sparrows are just as fat and
saucy as any live ones you have ever
seen. Select peanut for the body,
make the feet of toothpicks, and mark
the eyes and beak with pen or pencil.
For the porcupine pierce one side
OF peanut full of holes, and stick
broken toothpicks into the holes for
quilts. Then provide four tocthpick
legs
The "gump" lives only in Nutland
It's body its double peanut, and its
legs are halves of toothpicks.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

one in thousand. Ninety-nine out
Of every hundred seedlings will prove
a disappointment, and the one alone
worth propagating.
Young trees respond more readily
to new conditions than do older ones,
and the seeds of young trees are less
likely to return to their former con-
dition than those Of older ones. The
farther removed from it's original
state, in generations, tree may be,
the less is its tendency to return to It,
The trained stockman and nursery
man understands these principles, and
puts them into practice in producing
new and superior varieties of fruit
stock. Far better is 1t .or the farmer
to look to him for approved material
to work with, than to attempt to
improve whatever he may already
have.
The one important element in fruit
growing is to secure the right stock at
the start. The rest of the undertaking
is comparatively easy. To begin with
a poor grade Of nursery stock is to
invite failure at the start, and to
assume a handicap which can never
after be overcome.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
CARING FOR THE ORCHARD AND VINEYARD

The commercial fruit farmer of to-
day generally recognizes the fact that
well-kept orchard and vineyard is
essential If uniform and profitable re-
suits are to be secured. Orchard and
vineyard sanitation" is good phrase,
and one which should be more clearly
understood by every fruit grower.
Some OF the most important things
which 1t includes are air drainage,
soil drainage. spraying, pruning, care
OF rubbish, and the relation Of neigh
boring orchards, vineyards or fields.
Some of these things are difficult to
control, but others, which are of great
Importance, may be readily managed
by any fruit grower. Removal or
destruction Of refuse, such as dead
wood, brush piles, decayed or wormy
fruit, old vines, and half dead trees
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

for which there is no remedy posi-
lively known, is the crown gall, which
causes unsightly blemishes on the
trees and vines.
Nearly every one has seen the
rough engagements which sometimes
occur at the crown of trees, and which
is commonly known as crown gall.
In some cases there are great num-
bers of small fibrous roots coming out
from the gall. Trees afflicted with
this disease may live for many years
and produce considerable fruit, but
they are apt to be less thrifty than
healthy ones and are more liable to
root rot. The gall may eventually de-
cay and leave the tree so weak that
it is easily blown over. There Is no
remedy which can be recommended
for an infected tree. Any nursery
stock affected by this disease should
not be accepted or planted.
Stem tumor Is disease Of the
branches similar in appearance and
nature to crown gall. A tree may
have a large number of these gals
and yet appear healthy and we'll
They doubtless injure the tree to some
extent The disease attacks the
crown, stump, canes, and sometimes
the roots of grape vines also. At first
the gals can hardly be distinguished
from callus, but as they get older and
larger they become darker and
tougher. They grow to all sizes, and
can be found from one to four or more
inches in diameter. AS the vine gets
older the disease may extend from
the crown to the stump and canes,
even four or six feet out. The gals
are comparatively short lived, as they
usually die within a year. AS the
gall rots away, 1t kills the adjacent
tissue Of root, crown and cane. At
present, judging from all available
data on the remedies for this disease,
in all probability the best way for
controlling the disease is by the use
Of resistant varieties Of vines when
the disease appears in the vineyard.
But sanitation" will help In the pre-
vention of this disease as well as
many others.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Mona Lisa.

For centuries Mona Lisa's" beau
ty and perversity' have fascinated
beholders. No one, apparently, ever
had so rapt and yet communicative,
so fascinating and yet battling a smile
as Lisa, wife of Francesca del Clio
condo, Leonardo's Mona Lisa"
When Leonardo painted her, she
was about thirty years old. Her gown
is simple and Grapes the figure in easy
folds. Her dark hair hangs loosely
over her forehead, and frames an oval
face. Her eyes are impressive, and
about her mouth is seen the smile
which has been the chief character
istic in making the painting famous.
The story goes that in order to obtain
this effect the painter had musicians,
singers and testers always near his
subject so as to amuse her as he
painted.
But her smile Is infinitely more than
one Of mere pleasure. 1t is an eternal
smile AS Walter Pater says Of 1t, 1T
is a beauty wrought out from within
s.. of strange thoughts and fantastic
reveries and exquisite passions"
Pater proceeds:
"Set it for moment beside one OF
those white Greek goddesses or beau
tiful women Of antiquity, and you
would then be troubled by it's beauty,
into which the soul with all it's mala-
dies has passed! All the thoughts
and experiences of the world have
etched and nodded therein that which
they have of power to refine and make
expressive the outward form. New
York Outlook.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

two grocery boxes about 30 inches
high they will do. The Illustrations
show chair supports, for they will
probably be easiest for you to obtain.
AS the chair seats are not high enough
to rest the counter board upon, you
must place a small box upon each to
make them Of the right height.
If you cannot find a nice clean board
for the counter-top, probably you can
borrow one of the extra dining-table
boards, Or the ironing board. Another
board Of equal length to that used for
the top, placed across the chair seats,
beneath the small boxes, will make
a good shelf, and by turning the small
boxes SO their open ends will be to-
wards the back of the counter, and
placing short pieces of board across
the chair rounds, as shown in Fig. 2,
you will have two splendid cupboards
Of three shelves each in which to keep
stock.
The canopy above the counter is
really not necessary, but l think every
girl will want one, for it makes the
store much heater appearing. For the
corner sticks you may use broom
handles, short curtain poles, and any
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Activities of Women.

London women are now buying
frocks to match their furniture.
Mrs. Clarke w. Kelley Of DEVILS
Lake N. D., runs 1000 acre farm.
More than $4,000 births were re-
corded in Philadelphia during 1913.
The International Olympic games
will hereafter be open to women.
During the past year 1922 mar
rage licenses were issued in Phila-
delphia.
Mothers generally are agreed that
it is necessary to begin spanking boy
babies at the age of one year and girl
babies at the age of sixteen months.
Miss Margaret B. Cornell, deputy
clerk of the United States court, is
slated for the position Of receiver Of
the United States land office for Utah.
Miss Ida O. Tillman, postmistress
at Geneva, Ala, has refused to sur
render her Office to the government,
and says she will not be forced out
without making a fight.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
GROSS IGNORANCE
IN FRUIT CULTURE
Care and Cultivation Alone Will
Improve Some Plants, but
Not Fruit Trees.
By R. G. wEATHERsToNE.)

One of the most profitable, useful
and commendable undertakings to
which one can devote himself in these
times is the cultivation of fruits and
fruit trees. 1t Is worth while to have
a part, though even so small, in help
ing to raise mankind to a higher
place of living; and the fruit-grower's
services are Of value in solving the
problem of the ever-increasing cost of
living.
Probably there is no other branch
Of agriculture in which there is so
much gross ignorance still prevalent
as in fruit culture. How many farm
of budding and grating, and pruning
and training of vines; and yet they
are the very persons who, above all
others, should be familiar with these
processes. If you wish to know
whether this or that fruit tree is
worth encouraging, don't ask your
neighbor, the farmer. The chances
are that he is nursing along some
worthless seedlings himself, in the
hope that they will some day amount
to something; but which most of them
usually never do.
Nature has presented US with the
grains at their best, and ready for
immediate use; but her fruits, her
best gifts, she holds subject to the
proviso that they shall be received
only with the exercise Of an intelli-
gence capable of approaching them.
The wild fruit tree is admirably de-
signed for surviving untold conditions
till man shall have need Of it, and
for responding readily under his
guiding hand-but only when wisely
directed.
Care and cultivation alone will
vastly improve some plants, but not
fruit trees. Advance is gained with
them, step by step, by the selection of
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
by A. Nicely HALL.
TOYS FROM NUTLAND.


The amusing little figures shown In
the illustrations are few Of the many
that live In Nutland. Five cents worth
OF peanuts, few chestnuts and pc
cana, some pumpkins or squash seeds,
and few handfuls Of toothpicks Will
furnish material for making them.
Figure 1 shows the wild man and
his prancing horse. The man Is made
OF two peanuts, one for the head and
one for the body. These are joined to-
gether by a short piece of toothpick
stuck into a hole pierced In the end
of each nut with knife. Pierce holes
In the body peanut In the right places
for the arms and legs, and stick tooth
picks, bent as shown. into these
holes.
For the wild horse, select a long
double peanut. Pierce two small holes
near one end, and insert two bits of
toothpicks for ears. Four bent tooth
picks form the legs, and another forms
the tail The wild man must be fas-
tened to the horse by sticking one end
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

other sticks that you can find. Bind
them to the chair backs with string.
Get a large enough piece Of cloth
for the canopy covering to extend over
the four corner sticks and hang down
across the front and ends to form a
band eight or ten inches wide. Tack
the cloth to the corner sticks.
The front and ends of the counter
should be enclosed with cloth or
heavy wrapping paper.
OF course, you must have a set of
scale balances for your counter. Your
little store would not be complete
without them. Figure shows a set
very easy to make. The base of these
is large spool, and into the center
hole of this spool uninterrupted pen
Gil is slipped for the center support
Gig. ~. Cut the top cross strips
from the cover of a cardboard box,
making them ten inches long. Cut the
ends and center as shown in Fig. 5,
and pierce a pinhole through the cen
ter. Figure 4 shows how the strips
are fastened each side Of the rubber
tip Of the pencil, by means Of pin
pushed through them and through the
rubber-tip; also, how small cork is
pushed on to the point of the pin, so
there will be no danger Of 1t injuring
you.
The weighing trays are made Of pill
box covers of equal size. Pierce four
holes through the rim of each, and,
after running a thread through each
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

of piece of toothpick into his body
and the other end into the horses
back.
The giraffe Gig. ~ has a peanut
body, toothpick legs, toothpick neck,
and a toothpick tail. Its head is a
pumpkin seed, with eyes marked with
pen or pencil. The ears are short
pieces of toothpicks stuck into a slit
made with a knife in the edge of the
seed. Another slit is made in the
edge of the seed for the toothpick neck
to stick into.
The pig Gig. 81 has a peanut
body, and four short toothpick legs.
The tail is a piece of string Twist
the string into curleycue, make it
stiff by dipping it into glue, and stick
its end into a hole made in the end
of the pecan nut The eyes are mark
ed with pen or pencil
The old owl Gig. a is made of a
peanut. BY careful hunting, you will
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

in the fence corners is just as impor-
tant to the health of the trees, vines,
or other crops as is the proper care
Of animal refuse to the health of live
stock or man. An orchard or vineyard
where sanitation" has been practiced
is a beautiful as well as a profitable
one. 1t pays to keep things cleaned
up, because there are a number of
diseases which need not be given a
thought in a well-kept fruit farm,
while the fruit from scraggly, I'M
kempt orchard is seldom fit for a good
market.
Among the diseases which some
times affects even orchard and vine
yards which are beautifully kept and
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
a Woman's Reasoning.

II suppose" she said with a heart
felt sigh, there will be no cooks or
maids to worry us when we get to
heaven"
NO" her husband replied, "and no
dressmakers or beauty shops or mil
hnery establishments, or"
why, John, what are you thinking
of? I've never seen a picture of an
angel that didn't have on robe OF
some kind, and, of course, every wom-
an will need lots of feathers for her
wings, won't she? Doesn't the Bible
tell us to lay up treasures in heaven?
Why would we need to do that If it
wasn't going to be necessary to dress
there?"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Market Poultry Fat,

Poultry marketed from the farm
consists Of cockerels, or males under
one year, roosters, pullets culled from
standards-bred stock, hens, guineas,
doves, ducks, geese and turkeys. They
are generally sold alive in summer
and early autumn, and both alive and
dressed in late autumn and winter
To bring the highest market price,
market poultry, whether alive or
dressed, should be in good health, of
large size and well fattened. All
poultry marketed should be fat This
condition is the chief factor in deter
mining the price per pound. Fat old
hens, of whatever weight, often com
mand a higher price than young, ten
der chickens.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
No Laundry Bills

He was an optimistic soul and a
sportsman combination that made
him friend to bookies, both directly
and indirectly. His pals, whom he in
fected with his enthusiasm, followed
his tips blindly, with more often than
not disastrous results.
See what you've done" walled one
of his friends after race. And you
told be l could put my shirt on that
horse
And did your
'Yes-worse luck"
We'll. them" replied the optimistic
sportsman, see the money you'll save
On laundry billsi"-Tit Bits.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

II can't understand why you should
wish to live in New York"
why shouldn't /? New York is the
only place on earth where anyone
should wish to live. There's no other
city like it. London is country town,
compared with grand old New York.
Perhaps it is as you say but your
digestive organs are SO badly wrecked
that you can't get any joy out of pat
ronizing the restaurants and you're
so near-sighted that you can't see
chorus thirty feet away, so what Is
there in this New York life for your"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Poor. Innocent Husband.

When wives have abusive husbands
arrested they always repent little
later. you have had your husband ar
rested for iIl-treating you and now you
are trying to have him discharged"
said the court, impatiently. did he
not attack your" mo, your honor"
But you say he bit your nose off. And
you have the bandage on. Didn't
your husband bite your nose?" "N-n-o,
your honor. II did it myself
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
For Greater Efficiency

In every branch of industry there
is a striving for greater efficiency in
methods. 1t is a hobby and fortunes
are made by employing scientific prin-
cipIes of management. There is
chance for the same in the orchard.
Do not be satisfied with the meth.
DDS of a decade ago.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03

hole, bring the upper ends together,
knot them three inches above the
tray, and form loop two inches above
the knot to slip over the notched end
Of the top crosspiece.
This completes the scale balances.
The small cellar buttons with which
Numbered shirts are returned from the
laundry make excellent weights. Lack
ing these, you may use almost any
kind of small buttons
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
The dips" Inninc.

Time changes everything"
at certainly does. You remember
that old joke about how hard it was
to steal woman's purse because no
thief was smart enough to locate the
pocket in her skirt With these X-ray
draperies they're wearing now it's al
most a shame to take the money, as i.
were"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
II Nav Be

They say that the constant use of
alcoholic beverages causes the brain
TO harden"
'T suppose that is one of the rea-
sons why a drunken man can fall
downstairs and strike on his head
without getting hurt"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Difficult.

Eyes, sir it's one of the hardest
things in the world"
Whats that?"
Keeping a good opinion of man
who owes you money and rides past in
an automobile while you are compelled
to walk"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Too Much for Him.

"Oh, ices langvaitch!" complained
the foreigner.
whats the matter with it?' asked
the native.
you say: I am down and out;
am all in!' Oh, ices langvaitch!"
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Cholera.

Cholera.
The so-called cholera is to familiar
to all poultry raisers to need descrip-
tion. The removal of all sick birds
and a thorough cleansing OF the
houses, runs, etc., is absolutely es-
sential to the stamping out Of the
disease. The Kansas state experiment
station found that spray consist
ing of one-half gallon Of phenol, mixed
together, made an excellent olslnfect-
ant. One part of corrosive sublimate
In 1000 parts water was given the
fowl to drink
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
CircurnstantisI Evidence

HE married his wife for her money,
didn't he?"
HE claims he didn't, but I've seen
his wife, and the circumstantial evil
dence against him is almost over
Whelming."
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
Boosters for Table Use.

If young ROSTERS are to be kept
for table use, pen them up by them
selves, where they cannot bother the
other stock and where they will be
forced to be quieter and therefore
make better meat than when they
are allowed to run at large.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
For HANDY Bous and
Girls TO Make and Do
Copyright By A Nicely HalD
By DOROTHY PERKINS.
a PLAY STORE

Play store-keeping is great fun for
a summers day, and very good
counter for little store may be made
in the simple manner shown In Figs
1 and 2.
Chairs are best for the end supports
Of the counter, though II you can find
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1914-03-03
For FORMS Sake,

do you intend to forgive your son
for marrying a chorus girl"'
YES, but | shall, of course, have to
show proper amount of Indignation
first"