The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-07

"The United Stdtcs and Peace" IL
Is issued by Charles ScTioner's Sons
and should be OF absorbing interest
to every American citizen. In 10 he
erpioins the Monroe Doctrine, dis
cusseS the question OF tchcther the
Fcdcru. Government should protect
aliens: points out the results Of ar
bitrdti0n treaties. and summarizes
the experiments In celebrations for
the settlement of International dis
putcs. EItrocts from Mr.. TaJts
book are given hereWith.
ny WILLIAM u. TAFT.
TT is now ninety years since what
the world has always called the
Monroe Doctrine was announced
by President Monroe in q message
70 Congress. II was "a declaration to
tho world that any effort on the part
of a European government to force
rs political system upon n people of
this hemisphere or to Cypress II would
affect the safety Of the United States
end would be luimic3l to her interests,
and Surther. that the subjectlng to
colonization by al European govern
nent Of any part OF the two American
continents all vi which was held to bs
within the lawful Jurisdiction Of some
government would 10 equally objec-
'.onabic. Tho first par; OF the decara-
ion was prompted By the fear that the
then Holy Alliance OF Russia. Prussia.
Austria and France would attempt TO
assist Spain in accompanying the Cen
tai and South American republics that
had revol;ed from Spain and set up
independent, governments which had
been recognized by the United states.
The other part. against colonization.
was prompted by certain claims that
Russia was making TO control over ter
ritory on the northwest coast of North
America TO which the United States
hen asserted title. There was expressly
excepted from the doctrine thus an
n,unced any purpose 10 interfere with
SPANS effort - regain her lost colo
ules or the continued exercise Of Ju-ls-
diction by European governments over
any colonies or territories which they
then had IN America.
have not space to give the details
cf the Instances in which our Presidents,
representing our country IN IT, foreign
relations. found Il necessary 20 insist
upon compliance with the Monroe Doc
trine. When MIR. Webster was Score
;ary Of State he declined, In Mr. Tyler's
name. TO consider a proposition by Eng
land and France for a joint agreement
with Spain as to the disposition Of
CUBA, stating that, while the United
States DID not !n:erd to Interfere with
the control Of cuba b. Spain. II could
not consent 10 the ownership Of the
Island by any other Power. Again,
when Yucatan had been temporarily
'eparatea trVul -lvN4'o W In'.i r'o'.oli
"na inc n.Su'''tl, ieaue's Eou-"' % ms
pose OF uhe Country 10 US or 10 Ing
ana OF 10 spun rFesioeht io'k III ue-
Ginning theF oH"r 10 'he .hiteu STATES
'u'iseu them ina we cou'u nv CONSENT
20 transfer o common ana so'er-
e.snty e'her 10 sPa!E' treat brl'a'h OF
any other POWER because dangerous 10
our peace ana SAFETY.
Wuhout directly citing the Monroe
poctrlne by name MI seward protested
AGAINST the occupation Of Mexico by
France during tho civil war with the
purpose OF colon.zing or setting up
new Government on the ruins OF the
Mexican Government. France denied
aaving any other purpose than to col
ect rs debts and redress its wrongs.
'''NN' - '''N - - '-A''N''N 'e~a
Jverthrown and an empire established
Nth an Austrian archduke at its head.
The American civil war closed, the
hmarlcan troops were raassed on the
Mexican border under Sheridan. and
france was requested to withdraw her
troops. She did So. and the collapse of
,Ae Macmillan Government followed.
President Grant, in sending the
Santo Domingo treaty TO the Senate.
announced that thereafter no territory
N the continent should be regarded
as subject to transfer to a European
Power and that this was an adherence
q the Monroe Doctrine as a measure
q national protection.
Again the policy was insisted upon
9ld maintained by Mr.. Olney and Mr..
Cleveland in reference to England's
declination to arbltrate the boundary
ssue between Venezuela and British
GUIANA, in which Mr.. Cleveland and
". Olney believed that they saw a
'esrs ON the part OF Great Britain,
through boundary dispute, TO seques-
'er a considerable part OF Venezuela,
alnaoe because OF the discovery OF
:ohd mines in 1t. Mr.. Clevelands po-
Ston in the matter was sustained by
resolution which was passed by both
houses.
Hut now told that under