davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
THE PRIMARY SCAPE-
GOAT.

The direct primary is forced to
stand the blame for pretty much
everything that goes wrong politi-
ally these days. Upon it is now
laid responsibility for the unhappy
condition of political affairs in New
York.
The coquetting of John A. Hen
Tessy with the Democratic nomina-
tion for governor, the doings of sui
zer on the stump, the refusal of
Senator Root to stand for renomina-
ton, the activities of Mr.. Roosevelt
and the resulting confusion of coun-
sel-all of these disturbing things
are asserted by the enemies of the
direct primary to be due to that in
vention of Satan for the embarrass-
ment of bosses and political leaders.
Admitting that the direct primary
is far from being a cure-all for DO
litieal evils, would the State of New
York be any better off under the
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
RUBBER PAVEMENTS.

A few years ago London was the
center of huge speculative vortex,
into which were drawn the promot-
ers, the shares, the fnanciers,
the investors in rubber produc-
ton all over the world. The rub
Der bubble at length burst, and the
business of producing rubber came
into its own again. Now there is in
session in London a congress of peo-
pie interested in rubber and allied
interests, considering the state and
future of the industry. 1t is COM
posed of real rubber people, not of
stock jobbers.
The year 1913 saw almost twice
as much rubber produced as the
year 1908; yet the increasing de-
mand has easily absorbed it all.
The increase will continue a long
time, in both supply and demand; +;
and new factors are entering into
both. Plantation rubber now about
equals the native supply. Synthetic
rubber-the artificial article.-is
seemingly being perfected fast. 1t
will take years to try it out thor
oughly, as to quality, durability, and
ether features; but the rubber
The Washington times., 1914-07-21

convention system with Barnes in
control of one machine and Murphy
of the other?
The turmoil in New York is due
to widespread desire for a cleanup
of rotten State administration. In
any event it will be difficult for
worse results to follow under off
cials selected by direct vote han
New York has experienced under
officials selected by packed co1ven-
tions.
If mistakes are made the voters
will have the satisfaction of know
ing that they made their own mis-
takes. If the, consequences are evil
there will be less difficulty in cor
recting the mistakes than under the
cid system, when the only remedy
was to swap the rule of one boss for
that of another.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
A BASEBALL TIE-UP.

There are few lines of business ir
which a general strike could effect
a more complete tie-up than would
follow a walk-out Of baseball
players.
The players hav the deadwood on
the magnates, if they can stick TO-
gether. But
First, can they?
Second, what would they really
gain?
Shutting the ball parks isn't like
Euspending train service. Nobody
will starve to death for the need of
q ball game; but the great cities
could be literally starved in a very
brief space if there were a shut
down of transportation.
Baseball isn't quite in the class of
necessaries of life, albeit highly i'm
portant to our national happiness.
A tie-up would merely disgust the
public, already none too well pleased
with the status of the sport. 1t is
general testimony that earnings in
all leagues are dubious this year.
If there were more players old
enough to remember accurately the
Brotherhood war. there would be
less enthusiasm about a strike.
A baseball war is one in which
he magnates and the players will
have to stand all the real injury.
The public will not really be harmed.
Let managers, owners, and players
keep this distinction in mind. . 1t
might save them from piunging into
q very disastrous performance
equally disastrous to both sides.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
Thrift Is Wise Expenditure"

Thrift Is Wise Expenditure"
Many people fail to realize tina,
money merely represents tools with
which to do work. A mans farm is
worth nothing to him unless he tills It.
II he finds that 500 worth Of fertilizer
gives 5000 more in crops. that 500
earns 100 per cent per annum. II a
special spring on his wagon would en-
able him to carry his eggs TO market with
less breakage, the spending of d few
dollars may give him a return OF sew
eral thousand per cent per annum."
To forward this kind Of thrift, en-
abling~ people with limited means and
workers on small incomes to borrow
small amounts on reasonable terms. also
aiding members in investing and saving.
the Industrial Credit Union. a cooper
alton success, was organized in Boston.
This association believes that borrow
ing is not at all disgraceful or shiftless,
but justifiable under the right conditions.
The following illustrations are given:
"A woman who had n doctors bill
OF over $50, by borrowing $40 and
settling at once, got n discount on the
original bill OF over $40. The total in
terest on her loan from the Industrial
Credit Union will be S2.20. so her gain
will be at least $3.50.
Another woman who borrowed SS5 to
complete payment on a piano which she
had been buying on the installment plan.
got a discount OF $40 by making the pay
ment before a certain date The total
interest on her loan was S1.i2, SO she
will have saved S1S.5S."
Loans are made only to members OF
the Industrial Credit Union, and for
purposes which promise TO result in a
saving or a profit to the borrower
Loans of very small amounts may be
made and are repayable in installments
II desired. Membership is restricted to
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
THE PORK IN PERIL !

Sound the tom-toms, beat the re
veille! Turn in a triple-plated riot
call and rush all the reserves to the
forel
There's danger that the pork bar.
rel may be rolled off on a sidetrack
before it finishes its troublous legis.
lative course through Congress!
On the CREASED skids of revised
and reformed" rules in the House
the bill was shot through with ease
and celerfty, despite the protests that
Congressman Frear of Wisconsin
poured into the Record, for months
together, every time he could get a
few minutes to- talk.
Nobody listened to him.
That is, nobody in the House.
But some folks in the Senate
watched what he was putting into
the Record, and now there is a big
and determined group of Senators
fighting the grab; and fighting it
too, after system that promises re-
suits.
It is now alleged that unless the
pork is passed before the trust leg
islation is acted upon, Congress will
refuse to stay here, and the pork
barrel will be ditched.
This river and harbor bill-that's
The polite name-authorizes a total
of about s93,oOO,OOO expenditures,
according to Mr.. Frear's analysis.
To save that amount of money
from being-for the larger part, at
lcast-wasted, would be legislative
achievement of the first class. But
/ will hardly be effected.
There's an election just ahead, and
That pork would help a lot.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
The Ways of Thrift

people OF honesty and industry. Char
acter and industry are important con-
siderations. and a loan may sometimes
be made to a member with only tho
security OF one or more other members
as guarantors. Prompt payment of obli-
cations Is a fundamental requirement
The association Is within the reach of
everybody and cooperation is its key
note.
"A man had loan of $50 so that he
could buy furniture for cash instead of
on the installment plan. to furnish an
extra room for dodgers In his seaside
home. The net gain TO him through
buying the furniture for cash will be
more than double the interest he pays,
and he has made enough through his
loGgers to pay back the loan with a con-
siderable margin.
Some of the loans were to make
settlements with money lenders. In one
case the man had been paying an aver
the money lenders: so he made a decided
gain by paying the Credit Union only
per cent a month. In another case a
settlement was made with the money
lenders which saved n borrower a quar-
ter of his debt. while he will make a
total payment to the Credit Union Of
only a little over per cent on his loan
OF $50 Aside from dollars and cents,
through being freed from a load that
was pulling him farther and farther
down, this man gained something In
restored self-respect and manhood which
would be difficult to measure
Especially interesting IL the case OF
q man Of small means who could hardly
support his family Through the Credit
Union he borrowed $50 TO purchase a
stand for selling small wares in the
North End. Now he is clearing SIG a
week. and be-ide the monthly repay
ments of $40 o1 the principal can wen
afford to pay an average interest OF so
mo IN hn
Copyrighted. 1914. American Society for Thrift
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
By MISS ESTELLE FOSTER

Probation means another chance
for the offender. IL the judge thinks
that the person Is worthy. he sus-
pends the sentence, snstructing that
person to follow certain conditions,
TO be diligent. keep the peace. and TO
report to the probation officer peri
odically. One thing upon which the
courts insist always is absolute alb
sfenanra from oil Linds of alco-
hoIics ~ the prnha TONER follows
the instructions given for the stated
length of time he is free to go and
do as he Dleases.
At first glance. that statement does
not sound very important. but much
good has been accomplished through
thrt method, especially when deal
ing with first offenders and youths.
Nine times out of ten, this probation
system makes men and women of the
first offenders, whereas under the
old methods. where the transgressor
Is imprisoned, he became hardened
because of disgrace or through as
sociating with other law-Dreakers.
Need More Officers.
There are only two probation offi-
GERS to do the endless amount of
work attached to the Police Court
in Washington. These officers have
10 deal with all ages and sexes, they
have to watch the probationers con-
stantly. which they find is almost
impossible to do because there are
so few officers.
Very often, at the request OF the
court. the probation officer has to
investigate the habits. previous
record and environments of the in
dicted person before sentence is
imposed. That report enables the
Judge to form a fair conclusion, to
decide whether to probate or not.
themselves favorably. Generally
the hiRRA- tho -as"aI the hattar the
talker he is. SO judge has to be an
excellent, keen Judge of human ma
ture to make decisions. 1t is surpris-
ing how many people live by their
wits alone
The police judges of the Washing
ton courts are human. They are full
of sympathy for the weak men and
women who come under their notice
and are anxious to give them an
other chance. They see many sides
Of human nature.
No Publicity.
The probation officers never hurt a
man through publicity. The en-
ployer never is informed, and il the
person is not employed. the court
endeavors to find employment for
him. The probation officer handles
more men than women, and the ma
jority of the offenders are white.
II the person under surveillance
belongs to a church, the officer en-
deavors to interest the pastor in
the case; II not. the pastor of the
nearest church Is asked to look
after the PERSONS welfare and
morals. Social settlements are the
greatest aid in this work. helping
to look after the entire family and
by giving information about the
offender.
The probation officer has to act in
the capacity of friendly visitor.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21

sharps are not fearful that it will
greatly injure their business.
A new field for utilization of :-ub-
Der awaits cultivation. which will
absorb vastly more than the auto
mobile industry has called for. This
is the use of rubber for pavements,
walks, paths, floors of public halls,
and the like. Here lies the field for
synthetic rubber, if it can be per-
fected to the point of economic and
practical use.
The other day it was synthetic
camphor; now synthetic rubber.
Will not somebody kindly produce
synthetic beefsteak? Our be-
whiskered and bespectacled German
scientific benefactors are reported
engaged on it. Power to their ell
bows!
The Washington times., 1914-07-21

They have to gain the confidence Of
the transgressor. which is usually
very difficult. II that confidence Is
once gained. as a rule. II Is never
lost. After the offender ceases to
be under the care of the court and
is leading a wholesome life, he often
seeks the advice of the probation
officer about matters of interest to
him.
Supply Medical Aid.
While gaining the confidence Of
the offender. IL is necessary at the
same time to make them understand
that conditions exacted must be
obeyed, that instructions must be fol-
lowed. The officers. while looking
after offenders, are asked advice
about every thing. from where to
place the furniture to the care OF
babies.
The ignorance of mothers is ap-
palling. Often the persons involved
need medical advice or attendance
which the probation officer has to
see to. Many poor. ignorant. people
do not know where to go to procure
medical assistance without pay, do
not know that the District supports
physicians for the poor. In every
precinct, there is a physician who
will visit any family who sends for
him, and there is a charitable So
ciety known as the Instructive Wis.,
iting Nurse Society. which will send
nurses to the homes of the needy.
The probation officer has to keep
in touch with all charitable organi-
cations.
Most of the men, when they prom
Use the probation officer that they
will abstain from liquor. mean it
when they say 1t. but the tempta-
ton becomes too strong for them.
The probation officer must find a
physician to aid the mar: II the
offender does not belong in Wash
ington, the probation officer must
send him to his home.
All Glasses Included.
The work of the probation off,
Ger Is not restricted to one strata
of society. All classes and all
colors come under their care.
Nothing is made public through
that office. All of the records
which often contain intimate
things are kept strictly private al
WAYS.
There are many things which dis
courage the probation officers in
their work. They want so much to
help the offenders. especially the first
offenders. but occasionally they have
TO be brought back to serve the sus-
pended sentence. The percentage Of
these is small who will not follow the
courts instructions. The court loses
track of many because they move or
hide in some way. II found. they
receive severe punishment.
The scope of the work of a proba-
ton officer is endless. the possibili-
ties for good are boundless. They
must visit every probationer in their
homes. where they are asked TO do
all sorts OF things. and there they
find the need of all kinds OF assist
ance which they never refuse. A few
of their charges report at the office,
but every afternoon the probation
officer goes from home to home full
filling her countless duties, healing
the sick in body. the sick at heart.
and the sick In mind.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
TIE OLDEST lNHAB sez
"w as hington's
got Eastern an
Western time. All
depends what side
O. tn Postoffice
clock you look at"

Poor stay-at-home father realizes the
awful force of one Of those I. w. w.
bombs every time he tries to open a
milk bottle by pressing on the paste
board cap with his thumb.
Now that the middies aren't allowed
to carry bundles IL looks as IL II were
going to be a dry summer all over
the service.
AS 1t now stands. Pankhurst has
been in Jail just 6he more time than
she has been out.
Plan to civilize Mexico by baseball
is doomed to defeat. Umpires are UNI
pires. no matter what language they're
in.
Russia fought Japan too soon. Now
Is the time. when the entire Jap navy
is doing time for graft.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
The Silver
Lining
Edited by ARTHUR BAER.

Advice to eat whale instead of beef
makes the old man snort. Ground SO
baked that he can't dig up enough
worms to catch a minnie.
Hope that Huerta hasn't sailed to
Jamaica for an extra supply Of ginger.
Villas threats of q victory by arms
convinced Huerta that he'd better win
his victory by legs.
Pancho's determination to attack
Victoriano may result in another siege
OF Paris.
Connecticut man bounded to death by
income tax collectors. Amt SO bad
being a Government clerk after all.
In desiring the Government to break
up all the pools. the ultimate consumer
never dreamed its activities would be
extended to the kids swimming beach.
Attorney General McReynolds figures
the vested interests will be cooler with
out their vests THE hot weather.
THE OLDEST INHAB SEz
The Washington times., 1914-07-21

Who now shall sneer?
Who dare again to say we trace
Our lines to a plebeian race?
Roundhead and Cavalier!
Dumb are those names erewhile in
battle loud:
Dumb-footed as the shadow of a
They fit across the ear;
That Is best blood which has most
iron int,
To edge resolve with. pouring without
stint
For what makes manhood dear.
Tell us not OF Plantagenets,
Hapsburgs and Guelphs, whose thin
bloods crawl
Down from some victor in a border
brawl?
How poor their outworn coronets.
Matched with one leaf of that plain
civic wreath
Our brave for honors blazon shall be-
queath,
Through whose desert rescued
nation sets
Her heel on treason. and the trumpet
Shout victory tinsling Europe's sullen
With vain resentments. and more
vain regrets!
James Russell Lowell
(From Ode recited at the Harvard Com
memoration. July q, 1861
Dayton. Ohio
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
TAKE THE TIMES ALONG.

While on your vacation this sum-
mer, keep posted concerning WASH
ington people and affairs by having
The Times follow you. No matter
how quiet and inaccessible the sea-
side, mountain, or woodland place
where you are sojourning, you can
read all the news of washington and
the world each day by having The
Times mailed to you. At any point
where il is possible TO hear from
the world at all through the mails,
The Times will follow yJU.
Addresses may be changed as often
as desired, and the paper will be
delivered promptly, providing you are
careful to see that The Times IS
notified Of the changed residence.
Subscribe for the paper now. Tcie-
phone your order to Main $50. Al
ways give your regular as well as
your vacation address and state
definitely how long the paper Is to
be mailed. Subscription rates can be
ascertained by inquiring at The
Times office. Mail subscriptions are
payable in advance to The Wash
ington Times Company, Munsey
RuildinE
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
Argentine Commission
Going to San Francisco

The conmiss oners to the Papar,o-
Pacific Exposition at San Francisco
from the Argentine Republic, Will leave
Washington tomorrow for the West To
prepare for the construction OF thai
country's building. They are Commis-
sioner General Horacio AnasagastI
Secretary Alberto d'Alkaine and saliva
dor de Eincentis. engineer of the pub-
lie works department and commissioner
OF liberal arts.
The commissioner general commented
UPON the probability of binding the
United states and Argentina more cIoset
ly together through the medium of the
exposition. and expressed the hope that
trade would be stimulated through a
closer acquaintance.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
Truths by Women Who
NI1OW of First Offenders
Adult Probation Officer

Probation another chance for the offender but probation
officers find broad opportunities Miss EeHe Foster who adult
probation officer the Police Court explains this article the duties
of that office She that while pisug her charges their homes
she becomes the general family counselor Often she obliged
supply medical assistance seek the aid Of the neghbong pastor
Through her work the lam breaker made almost invariably into
useful citizen Sometimes the offender returned to the court to
the suspended sentence because of his failure foop
tions but those instances few.
To accomplish such results she gain their confidence
act the capacity of friendly pisor and keep touch with all char
liable organizations.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21

To the Editor OF THE TIMES:
l was very pleased to read the COM
pliments paid to the crossing police
man. w. r. Allaband, a faithful and
trusty man. in the special article in The
Times yesterday. l have known him
for ten years. and / notice his watch
fulness. / have seen him save many
lives. He is all the dme looking In
behalf of the citizens crossing the
street. / have seen him many times
take the school children who would
wait for him TO take them safely across,
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
THE POPULATION
FIGURES.

Estimates of population, made r!
the statisticians of the Government
have so often shown remarkable ac
curacy that a good many people in
cline to believe the skilled calculator
with all the general information be-
fore him, is likely to make quite a:
good guess at population as the de-
cennial enumerators.
An estimate of populations as OF
July 1, 1914, has just been issued
Every State except Iowa is credited
with an increase; Iowa is presumed
to have dropped from 2,224,771 in
1910 to 2,221,755 in 1914. This is
about a projection of its ratio of loss
between 1900 and 1910. 1t is one of
the unaccountable facts of national
life that the State with more banks
than any other, more acreage of rich
soil in proportion to area, more rail
road mileage, less illiteracy-in fact,
with apparently everything in its ia
vcr, should be the one to lose.
The more is it remarkable when
it is considered that Iowa gained
steadily in population during the
years when the farmer was not over
prosperous, and began to lose about
the time the farmer began drawing
down huge dividends on the high cost
of living. 1t would seem, if there
were a proper balance of social and
economic conditions, that Iowa would
have been the State to gain most by
the sky-hooting prices of farm prod
ucts. People would have been ex-
pected to rush there to grab off bit
of the prosperity. Why didn't they?
Indiana is almost at standstill in
the matter of population, its cities
alone have saved it from losing.
Ohio's rural sections, it has been
known for long time, are losing.
If somebody of an inquiring frame
of mind would make a detailed sur
vey of the conditions that make
these results possible, in States, and
in the industry, that ought to be
most prosperous under present cir
cumstances, he will do a useful
service. Pittsburgh grows when its
industries are most prosperous; so
do Tokyo, Manchester, Kalamazoo,
Three Oaks, and Berlin.
So does all the world. So do coun-
tries and provinces-except the ag-
ricultural sections of these United
States.
What is it about rural prosperity
that drives the folks away from the
farm that prospers them?
Are the products of the soil ex-
pensive because the farmers are
leaving the farm, or are the farmers
leaving the farm because its prod
ucts are bringing high prices? Which
is cause, which effect?
Does our taxation system permit
the ownership of land to absorb to
itself too much of the aggregate in
dustrial product of the community?
Does the farmer move to town and
leave a tenant to run the farm? If
so, it would seem that Iowa ought
to count the tenant and his family
on the farm, and the owner and his
family in the town.
But as a matter of fact, taking
country and town together, there are
fewer people in the State than there
we're fifteen years ago. Where have
hey gone, and why?
A complete and correct answer,
we venture. would be a very long
step toward solving some of the
aspects of the cost-of-
living problem.
The Washington times., 1914-07-21
Tomorrow.

Meetings. evening"
Masonic-Harmony. No. IL; Grand Lodge
school of instru0 ion called on Potomac.
No RoyaI Arch. and Mount Pleasant,
No. Is, Royal Arch; Washington. No. /.
knights Templar. called on: Columbia
Commandery. No. >. annual outing Naomi.
No 3, and Brookla1d. No. II. Eastern Star.
called of.
knights Of Pythias-Mount Vernon. No. 5:
Union, No %: Columbia. No. 26. and Friend
ship Temple. No. 9. Pythian Sisters.
Odd Fellows-Eastern. No. :; Harmony. No.
g. Friendship. No. l.. and Federal City.
No 20