davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

the day. said he felt at home, although
there had been an intervening purga-
tory" since he himself was judge. AS
If in reply to President Wilson's sugges-
ton for more of justice in each case,
Mr.. Taft told the judges that uniformity
in decisions was quite as important as
individual justice. Turning to the inn
provement of the judiciary, Mr. Taft sug-
gested that dependence on the stenogra-
pher in the present day had led to much
delay in the disposition of the cases. He
urged that most cases in the trial courts
should be disposed of at the end of ar
guments.
The judicial section discussed the part
judges might well take in reference to
legislation affecting the courts, Chief
Justice Winslow of Wisconsin and Chief
Justice Rugg of Massachusetts leading in
the discussion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

ties it's true nature is not yet under
stood. In most states the average
voter has as yet insufficient appreci-
alton of it's baneful character. The
The signs. however, of increasing en-
lightenment, due to persistent efforts
of its opponents, are everywhere APP
parent.
recall are saying less about it. Some
of them are now saying nothing about
it. Some have apparently given up the
idea of the recall of judges and have
turned to the judicial decision recall as
a substitute Others. more adroit. have
apparently given up both the recall of
judges and the recall Of judicial de-
cision, and have retreated to positions
less antagonistic to constitutional de-
mocracy."
Injunction Legislation.
Injunction legislation before the pres
ent Congress received extended treat
ment by the committee in charge of
this subject. The provision limiting in
functions in labor disputes, originally
incorporated in the antitrust legisla-
ton of the House of Representatives.
and later amended by the Senate, was
criticised by the committee, which says:
'The provision distinctly requires the
court to apply to controversies in labor
d
is applied in other cases. To give spe-
cial privileges to any class of men is
opposed not only to the Declaration of
Independence, but to the whole theory
of our government. On this point all
parties agree.
Can it have occurred to the gentle
men who propose this legislation that
If the courts cannot decide these con-
troversies peaceably they will be de-
cided by force? The shocking results
of the latter method we see plainly in
Colorado. Would it not have been bet
ter to have the questions which have
given rise to bloodshed there decided
in an orderly manner by the Colorado
courts?
Your committee is not opposed to
organized labor. We freely concede to
laboring men the same right to organ
ize that their employers possess. We
are persuaded that in opposing the pro-
posed legislation we are the true
friends of BOTH
Canal Tolls, japanese immigration.
The Panama tolls question and Jap
anese immigration were referred to in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

the report of the committee on inter-
national laws, as follows:
The discussion arising between the
United States and Great Britain and
coasting vessels of the United States
has been amicably terminated by the
repeal of the free tolls by Congress by
statute carefully worded to prevent
the loss Of any rights of the United
States.
Our relations with Japan continue
to be disturbed by the denial by some
states of this Union of certain rights
claimed by her nationals. 1t Is respect
fully submitted that like all matters
by the rules of the Constitution and of
expediency alike, be controlled and ad-
justed by the federal authorities as the
interest of the whole country may
seem to require"
The international law committee also
approved the proposed international
conference for the unification of laws
relating to bills of exchange; and the
proposed international agreement in
respect to deck cargoes exported from
the United States in winter.
The committee on commercial law
reported in favor of the continuance OF
the national bankruptcy act and op-
poses all legislation to repeal the act.
Simplicity and Clearness Urged.
as to be understood by the average
citizen. was strongly urged by the spe-
cial committee on legislative drafting.
1t refers in this connection to the
browning monstrosity of the income
tax act" with its involved phraseology
and no attempt whatever at orderly
arrangement" The formal defects of
heads, one of them showing certain
sentences SO worded as to make no
sense If literally interpreted" The
committee adds:
Though We claim to be democrat
ic government, our statutes are ad-
dressed to lawyers and not to the
people; layman can hardly be ex-
pected to understand their phraseology.
The principal German statutes, partic-
ularly the civil code. published in
found in hundreds Of thousands of
homes. The extraordinary sense of
legality of the German people is not
entirely unconnected with the INTEL
Eligibility Of their laws"
Report on Taxation.
The committee on taxation also sub
mitted report on the involved and
confused form of the income tax law,
and recommended it's revision as fol-
lows:
Apart from specific defects the
structure and language of the act as
whole is open to the gravest objec-
tons. A revision of the law should
therefore extend to its form as well as
to it's substance. The entire act should
be reconstructed, and there should be
placed upon the statute book an in
come tax law SO arranged and ex-
pressed as to be convenient for refer
ence, consistent in all its parts and
capable of being understood by a citi-
zen of average Intelligence"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
NOTES OF THE CONVENTION.

A reception by the Chief Justice and
associate justices of the Supreme Court
of the United States to the visiting
members Of the American Bar Associa-
ton. their guests and members Of the
families of both was held last night
in the Hall of the Americas. at the
Pan-American Union building.
An amusing incident occurred in con-
nection with the reception. When Chief
Justice White led the procession of
found that they had been locked out"
The Chief Justice reached through the
great iron gates with his walking stick
and banged on the glass door within
the attendant who came that he was
really the Chief Justice of the United
States and that his companions were
the associate justices admittance was
obtained.
The Bar Association of the District
of Columbia was host this afternoon to
the visiting lawyers and the members
of their families on an excursion to
Mount Vernon. The visitors were re-
ceived at Mount Vernon by committee
of the Virginia Bar Association.
Judge James Keith of the supreme
court of appeals of Virginia delivered
an address of welcome.
Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, chief justice
of Canada. will be the principal speak
er at tonight'S session of the conven-
ton. He arrived in Washington this
morning. He has chosen for his topic
"The Constitution of Canada"
The principal speaker at tomorrow
mornings session of the convention
will be DR.. Romulo S. Naon. ambassa-
dor from the Argentine Republic to the
United States. DR.. Naon is constant
attendant at the sessions of the con-
vention. He will describe Argentine
constitutional ideas in his address to-
morrow.
Former Assistant Secretary of the In
terror Lewis c. Laylin is in Washing
ton. attending the sessions of the con-
Vention.
Former Secretary of War Stimson is
also in Washington attending the con-
vention, and yesterday afternoon was
a close student of the proceedings at
the section of patent. trade mark and
copyright law.
Lawyers generally throughout the
United States are awaiting the verdict
as to the applications for admission
into the Bar Association by three wom-
an lawyers. They are Miss Eva s.
Bean of Maine. Miss Marian l.. Tyler of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
Boston and Miss Margaret c. WITCH of
Tn;no;c

Boston and Miss Margaret c. WITCH of
Illinois.
The retiring general council of the
association yesterday declined to act
on the matter of admitting these wom-
en- to membership. leaving the decision
to the new council elected last night.
The council consists of one member
from each state and territory.
A new application blank has been
prepared for those desiring to enter
the organization. which requires the
applicant to state sex and whether
white. colored. Indian or Monaghan
This is an attempt to preclude women
and members of the last three races
from becoming members without the
full knowledge of the association. The
question will come up in open debate
before the whole convention tomorrow
afternoon.
Justice Quincy A. Meyers of Indiana
will deliver an address before the
members of the American Institute OF
Criminal Law and Criminology. at Its
preliminary meeting, which has been
advanced to tomorrow afternoon al
2:3O o'clock. Those attending are 10
be made familiar with new methods OF
cataloguing criminals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
QUIET SEASON EXPECTED.
Canceling of All Formal Functions
at White House Not Unlikely.

Although there has been no definite
decision on the subject and no official
announcement made. the impression at
the White House is that no formal So
cial functions will be held there this
winter. This impression has prevailed
since the death of Mrs. Wilson, and
grows stronger among officials at the
y hite House who keep in close touch
With the social side of things at the
home of the President
1t is presumed that President Wilson
and his daughters will confer about the
matter in a short time and have official
announcement made If the usual formal
functions are not to be held. The call
ing off of these functions would simply
be following precedents, 1t was said
today by those familiar with the his
tory of the White House and the
families who have occupied 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
Capt. Coleman's EXPLANATION.

Capt. lie Vert Coleman, United States
Coast Artillery, did not know that
President Wilson had enjoined army
and navy officers not to discuss war
issues at the time the officer submitted
to an interview in New York recently.
in the course of which he was alleged
to have criticised the German army
Having received this response from
Capt Coleman in answer to his ques-
Am. Secretary Garrison has decided to
~sop the case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
McReynoIds Wants Judges
to Be an Affirmative Force

That the people must be taken INTO
the confidence of judges and that the
public must be informed as to court
procedure in order that the growing
antagonism to judges and courts OF
law may cease was the declaration Of
Associate Justice McReynolds OF the
United States Supreme Court In his
address delivered yesterday afternoon
before the judicial section Of the as
ISOLATION.
when / accepted the invitation to
address this body said Justice NC
Reynolds to his audience which crowd
ed the ballroom of the Willard. Il was
Attorney General, and though since
then 1 have been appointed to the
bench, 1 have decided not to change
my determination to speak to you.
There are Just two things which I
want to suggest and they are:
First, are our judges making them
selves a sufficiently affirmative force?
Second, are our judges giving sufh-
cient attention to public opinion?
"I am firmly persuaded that the high
est duty of a Judge Is in exercising an
affirmative force in putting into execu-
ton the will of the people. believe
Judge should be the most effective,
positive and affirmative force in putting
into execution the rule laid down by
the legislative branch of the govern
ment.
Evils of Delay.
When judges fail to exercise this
highest duty. the executive arm of the
government is paralyzed and the Will
of the people negatived. I have seen
this to be a fact while in the executive
branch as Attorney General: l have seen
| S,,1 oil I
come keenly aware of the evil that re-
suited.
Now, entering upon the work of the
bench. and seeing far ahead along the
pathway before me. have keen reali-
cation of this duty. which believe to
be the highest duty of the judge. and as
/ enter upon my work 1 can only say
that if do not fulfill my duties l pray
comings.
Concerning my second point as to
whether our judges give sufficient at
tention to public opinion. ! am reminded
dent in his address earlier in the day,
The opinion of the world is the mis-
tress of the world
Take People Into Confidence.
Personally. I intensely dislike the at
titude Of the advertising lawyer. he who
seeks to try his case in the public print
instead OIL DeEOFe the courts. Anu WHeu
was Attorney General l sought to try
my cases for the government in court
and not in the press. just as I would
have done for private client.
But found it would not do. 1 learned
that the government officer must take
the people into his confidence to GER
tain extent. And the judge is govern
ment officer.
1.-The judge should take greater pains
to let the public know and understand
what is going on In the courts. To make
the people understand, the just must
take them into his confidence. l am
firmly of the opinion that when the
judges do confide more in the people and
the people gain. a better understanding
the judges will be more strongly in
trenched in the esteem of the people.
Public opinion is controlling force and
it must be reckoned with as such"
Suggestions by Mr.. Taft.
Before the judicial section, former
President Taft, in his second speech of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

readv-i. oil th.t 10 necessary THE
conrt. y,.nt 70 da iustice and thew will
~ thes, wan sa ~ ~ Just ~ al" 'e'
.Th.y a. Is; pe, a'nt ~ ~. ,vor,d In
which r,,, Is ~ To- ro I'M sr vi If evil
dence .re onn1jed WITH The ririditv and
techn;ca,,+a nhta,m;nn in TIE tinted
states O,;r tr;a1 nrectica In the ad-
,niss;o, ond ernI,,.in, - Evidence does
Mt q 80 gu .,-;th tha nawr,on sense the
eoneriance w +ha ,nstincts of anv in
ta11;cent !. yron ~ TIE country As a
conseouencs whiia ne are aiming to
exclude matters which our rules de-
eMG.uu t i h Wntem o III irreIevant
or immater;aI We are frequently also
excimdine the truth
Broader Defect in Trials.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
At WORK ON CODE
FOR THE DISTRICT
CONTINUED from First Page.l

tanned and enforced only by the authori-
ty OF the very people among whom the
feeling Is found, is of very great inn
portance.
'If we were to poll the great public
outside the profession. l fear that we
should find an uncomfortable number
who, in a mild way, agree with DICK
the butcher"
He mentioned various complaints laid
at the door of the law and the lawyer
Some were unfounded, some had basis
of truth, but were overdrawn, and be-
hind the surface of fault-finding there
was a real attitude of respect ana con-
fidence, but II think We must con-
cede," he said that there is room Tor
Improvement in the administration OF
the law in this country.
Lawyers Essentially Conservative.
ut is worth while for ali of u.s. he
continued, from whatever states, to
give serious consideration to these
complaints about the ADMINISTRATOR
of justice from whatever quarter they
come We are all so much alike that
a serious abuse in one jurisdiction is
pretty sure to indicate tendencies 10
be guarded against elsewhere. Wher-
ever people are wrong IN thelr CRU
cisms, that ought to be SHOWN. ana
wherever they are right the coIioi'iohs
ought to be remedled-
Lawyers are essentially conSerVa-
tive. They do not take kindly TO
change. They are not naturally re-
formers. Their time is occupied MAN.
" in thinking and arguing ABOUT what
the law of the particular case is; ABOUT
what the facts of the case are. Ihe
lawyers who have authority as leaders
of opinion are men, as a RUE, "ho
have succeeded in their profession, anu
men naturally tend to be satlsned win
conditions under which they are sue
ceeding."
Answering his own question as TO
what the bar might do to improve Tn!
administration of justice in the united
States, he said:
making. We make too many laws.
According to a count made IN the
Library of Congress our national ana
state legislat lures passed 62,Ol4 stat
1913, inclusive. During the same hve
years 63,3I9 decisions of the national
and state courts of last resort were
reported in $50 volumes.
Reckless Law-Making.
MANY of these statutes are drawn
inartif1cially, carelessly. ignorantly.
Their terms are SO vague, uncertain,
doubtful, that they breed litigation in
evitably They are thrust into the body
of existing laws without anybody
taking the pains to ascertain what
the existing laws are, what decisions
the courts have made in applying and
interpreting them, or what the re-
sultant of forces will be when the old
laws and the new are brought to-
gether.
1--WE are coming very much into the
habit of a priori legislation, passing
laws which somebody has conceived or
reasoned out because they seem all
right theoretically. There Is very
prevalent idea that the people who
would be most deeply affected by a
law are disqualified as witnesses re-
garding it's wisdom, practicability and
effect, because of their interest. II
they see that a law affecting them is
proposed and undertake to say what
they think about it they are accused
of lobbying and warned off the prem
ises. Yet when all the different groups
of people who will be affected by par
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21
Reference Library for Legislators.


"Of course, all this is not a matter to
be dealt with by lawyers at the bar.
Courts cannot apply the remedy, nor
can lawyers as officers of the courts.
But lawyers probably make up the ma
jority of every legislative body in the
United States, and, moreover, the opin-
ions of lawyers in their own commune
ties on such a subject as this will have
great effect in forming the public
opinion which controls legislatures.
There are certain specific measures
by which American legislation can be
greatly improved. One is the eSta bllsh-
ment of a reference library for the use
of each legislative body, with compe-
tent library force to furnish promptly
to the Legislators statistics, historical
data and information of all kinds per
tinent to proposed measures. another
is the establishment of "A drafting Du-
subject to be called upon by the legis-
lature and it's committees, to put IN
proper form measures which are de-
sired, so that they will be drawn with
existing decisions of the courts. and
will be written in good English, brlef.
simple. clear and free from ambiguity
and Inconsistency. There is useless
lawsuit in every useless word OF Il
statute. and every loose, sloppy phrase
plays the part of the typhoid carrier:
He remarked that the state of Wis
consin had set an excellent example
with its drafting bureau. In the Brit
1sh house of commons there were also
regular counsel employed by the gov
eminent to draft measures.
Should Simplify Court Procedure.
IF ever expert assistance were need
ed" he said. the conditions of legisla-
ton in the United States at the present
time show that our legislatures need 1t
in their lawmaking"
Another thing the bar can do. he
continued. lis to simplify the procedure
of our courts. The American
man is intensely practical and direct in
his methods. American procedure
ought to follow as closely as possible
the methods of thought and action of
American farmers and business men.
A multitude of controversies about
statutory rights intervenes between the
suitors demand for redress and his
final judgment. There is premium on
shrewd. ingenious, shifty attorneys.
There Is no necessity for all this bedev-
ilment of our practice by law. short
and simple practice act in each juris-
diction-such as some states have al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

ticular. laws are put together they con-
stitute the American people, and if
laws are to be made without hearing
them we shall have a body of statutes
based upon theory and not upon prac-
teal knowledge of affairs.
"All this mass of ill-considered,
badly drawn, experimental, first-im-
preston legislation with which the
country is flooded from year to year
causes innumerable litigations which
clog the calendars of the courts,
occupy the time of the judges, and de-
lay the disposition of other litigation.
1t creates new questions faster than
the courts can decide old ones
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

Former Secretary of War Stimson is
also in Washington attending the con-
vention, and yesterday afternoon was
a close student of the proceedings at
the section of patent. trade mark and
copyright law.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

Lawyers generally throughout the
United States are awaiting the verdict
as to the applications for admission
into the Bar Association by three wom-
an lawyers. They are Miss Eva s.
Bean of Maine. Miss Marian L. Tyler of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-21

Former Assistant Secretary of the In
terror Lewis c. Laylin is in Washing
ton. attending the sessions of the con-
vention.
The Chitina leader., 1914-06-16

bet, depositing same with Blum & Co.'s Chitina office, and advise us that you have done so, we will de- posit an equal amount with Blum 6 Go. here, and will guarantee to play you at Chitina on some date satis- factory to both sides, but not later than July 4th.''
 The question has not yet been de- termlned whether or not the Cor dova baseball team will go to Chitina on July 4th. A letter received this afternoon from Manager Cloninger has got Manager Lathrop to guess ing and he will refer the matter 10 meeting of the base ball boys, 70 be held likely tonight. The con- munication from the Chitina man ager is as follows:
 ''I have your letter and am very glad the. people of Cordova show such an inclination to spend the Fourth with us. Now regarding the excursion we cannot tell from here what the chances are of getting a hundred people to come at $5 per So will have to ask you to look after that end of it. We have written MT. Corser that it is usual to carry ball teams free and have no doubt he will take care of your transpor- tation. We are not able to do it ourselves. We are very small town and there are many other things to be taken care of but we have managed to squeeze out an other $50 for the prize which is now $150. Regarding the $500 side bet we prefer to cover your money on the ground and will be able to ac- comcdate everybody that wants to make a bet on your team. Will you let me know as soon as you can whether your team will come under the conditions I have outlined, and whether there will be an excursion. If it is possible to call the Fourth by any other name, this will be Copper River Valley day, and we will have visitors from the Shushanna to the east, Beaver Dam to the west, Pax sons to the north and Cordova io the south. We will try and give everyone good time and send them away with a good word for Chitina, and if you should win the game we will not grudge you the money or the credit of winning. Hoping that you will come at least a hundred strong with money to back your team"