davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
SIZE AND MEASUREMENT ARE
IMPORTANT.

In the first place az TO size and meas
urements: The unit size of hotb ed is
/ three by six feet: that is. all ready made
sash como in those dimensions. as well as
ready made frames. Thus YOU can easily
figure how much space will be needed ami
how much material for whatever number
OF beds YOU think YOU are going TO use
Last year ] had a brilliant thought that
led me TO disregard these usual measure
ments. but / ap beginning to doubt its
wisdom. ard merely give the details as a
sort OF lesson.
Tho previous winter / had felt the need
OF storm windows on the north side Of
the house. but ] didn't feel like buying
them and leaving them here In case
had 10 settle elsewhere So when II came
hotbcd time | conceived the idea Of hsv-
ing the hotbed sash made 10 III the three
north windows and building the hotbe1
To- III them. NOw. the Disadvantages /
discovered we're these. | had 10 recon
struct the plans Of the hotbed instead OF
using the figures given Ia various text
books and bulletins: ] hal to pay con
sidcrabiy more for the sash. because they
were Of AN odd size; and finally. wnen |
got them. ! realized that. for the sake OF
strength. sashes are made with four or
FIVE rows Of narrow pancs Of glass and
rather heavy framework. which renders
them decidedly unattractiye as storm
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

windows. Hence, my next beds will be OF
the ordinary, prosaic dimensions.
The other figures usually run about as
follows.
Depth Of pi, Cmanure>. 10 s fee.
Depth OF soil. 10 inches.
Height OF frame above manure 'bac@ B.
IS inches
Height OF frame above manure nronD,
IL inches.
With regard 10 the placing Of the hot
bed there are two essential requirements
First. the higher side. or back. must al
ways be placed toward the north. so that
the growing plants within Will get the
maximum amount of sunlight; second IL
should be sheltered on the north by some
sort OF q windbreak-either building a
board fence or even a thick hedge. IN
this way a considerable amount OF heat IS
saved and the length OF service oil the
bed increased. 1t Is also well TO see that
if the bed is placed in the lee OF build
ing the cutters on the latter are in GOOD
condition, for the drip from roof Is NOT
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

Just what you will plant and how much
of il will depend on the size OF your gar
den and the extent OF your tastes. Part OF
the space should. of course. be given to
the tender crops that will later be trans
planted but if you arc going TO have a
hotbed at all plan to raise IN It at least
q few carly crops. such as radishes, beets,
lettuce. perhaps some onions and other
low growing sorts. \ very excellent ana
practical layout Of the space in one
sash bed is given Ia the accompanying
plan, which is reproduced from publi-
cation OF the New York state College OF
Agriculture at Ithaca. CBy the way, all
New York gardeners should have that
bulletin. which is No. ! of the Vegetable
Growing Series OF the Cornell Reading
Courses. Garden Series No. ] on Veg
etable Gardening. and Vegetable Gard
enlng Series No. on Home Garden Plan
ming are also worth writing fOr)
In this plan the cabbage. cauli1owor.
pepper and tomato seeds are started In
separate paper pots. which make their re-
moval to the garden a much simpler and
safer task. Personally. ! should like TO
replace one row of the large lettuces with
a row Of seedlings 20 be transplanted
when the weather permits OF a later out
door crop
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

everything from one individual plant TO
a whole row Of some tender sort For
what we might call the the garden con-
noisseur these are full OF possibilities. but
10 the average man they appear more as
luXuries than anything else. for single
plant frames. in which the glass FITS in
a groove. cost in the neighborhood OF 80
for ten the single row frames. very SINH
lar. but three times as long. 50 for four,
and the so-called junior. or half frames.
OF which the sash arc about by feet In
size. So each. complete.
Moreover. it is not difficult for any one
10 knock together a bottomless and top
less box a foot square. which may be
placed over some particularly valuable
specimen and covered with a piece Of
glass or 10 set over "A rhutarb clump "A
small sugar barrel around which manure
can he banked for a foot or so up from
the ground With such AN improvsed az
fair you can hurry a crop Of the most
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
STEAM PIPES THROUGH SOIL
INSTEAD OF MANURE.

If. however, you have an abundant
supply Of steam and can build the hot
he'd close to the house and care TO at
TEMPT a little stcamhtting. YOU can dis
penee with the manure and run thre or
-four two-inch pipes through the soil
about elk inches below the surface. rms
is likely TO have more drying effect
than the manure. so YOU must ne pre-
pared TO see that the plants receiNe
pIentv Of moisture at FREQUENT intervals
Some wears ago one could find hotoeos
heated by hot air f1ues run through the
soil from a furnace or fire pit at one end
10 q chimney at tho other. While prac-
teal this Is an expensive and wastetul
method and is practically unknown AT
the present time.
Occasionally a person ASKS suSh a
question as this: Il cannot obtain any
manure and am unable 10 rig up any
such scheme as you suggest, but | want
q hotbed Just the same VIII you
nIease tell me how / can build ana run
oneo" The answer, l must CONFESS Is
hevond me. There is n limit TO all I'M
provisations, and II would be equally
easy TO tell a person how TO build barn
where he could obtain neither lumber
brick stone. nails nor tools.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
READY MADE HoTBED FRAMES
ARE THE BEST.

For every one who can afford 10 AVOID
extra. trouble and work by paying a little
more for results, | suggest the purchase
of ready made hotbed frames through the
scotsman or direct from the manufactur-
ers of all sorts of glass structures Ihese
can be bought complete down to the yer!
corner bolts. and. being easily set up
may be taken apart again in the fall ana
stored in the shed or barn over winter
The simplest way 10 use them is 10 dlS
the nit about two feet deep and two feet
longer and wider than the frame, then
fill IL with the manure and set the frame
right down on top. Then bank the manure
ND around all four sides. spread about
four inches Of soil inside, put on the sasn'
and YOU are ready for business. TINS VIII
call for a little more manure than any
other method. but It is certainly easy and
has the advantage OF permitting you TO
move the hotbed from place TO place IN
different seasons, according 10 the layout
Of the garden.
Having mentioned the soil. | might as
we'll digress along that line for d moment.
The ideal preparation is mixture or
equal parts Of good loan, rotted sod or
leaf mould and manure with little sand
added if necessary TO entirely prevent any
chance of packing or baking. For best
results a years preparation is desirable,
but. as l have suggested before, don't get
discouraged If every last detail is not e1-
actly according to Hoyle. but make up
what YOU lack in care and the things you
can supply.
No ono description will At the home
made hotbed, for it is the result OF What
ever materials you have on hand how
much you want TO spend on II, how long
it will be used and just what and how
much you expect to grow in it. If you
occupy a rented home, from which you
NAV move at the end OF any season. 1t
will be foolish 10 build heavy stone
foundation: while II you are permanently
located you will save time and money in
the end by putting in good brick or
concrete base right now. Similarly II you
have some old one-inch boards on hand
they will DO quite well enough. but If you
have TO buy some lumber anyway two
inch stuff gives better results and is more
| economical
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

may be forced in hotbed, the first out
door planting being made as soon as the
ground can be worked. The standard
varieties are Crosby's Egyptian. Ell
mandss Early. Detroit Dark Red, and
Eclipse
BRUSSELS SPROUTS are closely allied
TO cabbage and require the same treat
ment, which is given in some detail be
low. Long Island Improved and Danish
Prize are both good.
CABBAGE is a very satisfactory crop
where there is plenty of room to spare,
for freshly harvested. young, tender
head Is infinitely more delicate and deli
cious than the hoary winter supply. by
which many Of US must judge the vege-
table Its requirements are loose. rlch
soil. plenty Of moisture and rapid. I'M
checked growth. start the seed in a plot
or a hotbed within the next few days. and
when the seedlings, are about two inches
high thin them out to stand iour inches
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
WHEN THE TIME ARRIVES FOR
SOWING THE SEED.

And now for the details Of starting this
helpful apparatus. the hotbed, into action
When the manure is we'll packed down
and the soil evenly spread and raked
smooth put on the sash and leave all alone
for a DAY or two. Then take the temper
Azure Of the soil mot the air. and II it
is above So degrees cover the bed up
again and leave II for 4 while longer
When the temperature reaches the point
mentioned YOU can begin to SOW seed
For convenience and an orderly appear
ance run the rows across the bed and not
less than three inches apart You can
leave crops here longer than in fat. so
they win need room for the increased de-
IYelopment
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
QUESTIONS ABOUT REAL GAR
DENS AND ANSWERS.

want TO grow tomatoes and other
vegetables in our yard this summer. our
soil is mostly clay. that becomes nard
and cloddy in dry weather and | would
like to know how TO loosen 1t up and
make It better for garden crops.
A. G. y.
The loosening and improvement OF
heavy clay soil is slow. tedious task.
and you must not look for great changes
too quickly. The best steps you can take
this spring are as follows: % Plough or
dig under a heavy dressing Of well rotte1
manure. Do not attempt this until the
soil is obviously workable or YOU will &c
I'm worse trouble than ever II a heavy
soil Is ploughed or spaded when too wet
it bakes into large. almost indestructible
clods that cannot be broken down entire
~ in less than three or four years. O.
Spread on the newly broken urface
sfted coal ashes, about five pounds
hundred square feet, and work tins in
well with a harrow or spading fork 60
Again spread over the rough surface OF
the garden about the same amount OF
freshly slaked lime. or twice as much
finely ground. raw limestone, If this is
more available, and work this IN with
rake before sowing any seeds. At tna
end of the season-say about tho first
week in September scratch the soil with
a rake between all the rows OF crops and
SOW rye or vetch. This will grow up be-
fore cold weather and remain IS a cover
crop" until ploughing time next spring.
Or, if the fall is mild and the cover crop
makes growth OF eight inches or so be-
fore frost dig the garden or plough it
up then and leave it In rough burrows
over winter. The frost will help to break
it down and make 1t looser for the follow
Ing season.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

r Asst week / described the building
and planting Of hat or box IN
- which 20 start vegetable ana
flower seeds indoors The next logical
step is the construction of hotbed
which in more ways than one is simply
an overgroWn, outdoor fat. including in
itself a source of neat 10 take the place
Of the higher temperature inside the
dwelling. This heat. being :undamen-
tai feature Of the structure, may well be
discussed first.
Probably nine-tenths Of all the hot
beds made depend upon fermenting ma
nure for the production of warmth
Nearly every one. dare say. has noticed
carloads OF manure being hauled out from
the city - nearby farm communities and
observed that the masses are frequently
smoking or steaminc away at a great
rate And little wonder, for q thermom-
eter thrust into the mass will register
We'll above 100 degrees lahr Now, il
manure that has thus begun to- heat
is packed in pit and covered with a
few inches Of soil. il will continue TO
giye off warmth for anywhere from three
to six weeks, depending on the amount Of
manure and the woather conditions. Ana
if VIC inclosc TINS bed OF manure and
soil b. lining the pit with a foundation
Of bricks, concrete or other masonry and
setting on top Of ii a glass covered box
we haze supplied a place in which TO
grow even the tenderest plants while It
is We; too cold outdoors 10 think OF
planting the harder ones.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

BEANS.-All beans need light warm
soil and weather ranging from warm to
decidedly hot There are several types.
Of which reliable varieties are:
BUSH BEANS
Green podded-Nalentine Bountiful,
yellow Six Weeks. Refugee
Wax podded-Erttle Wax. String
less. White Wax, iustproof Golden
Wax.
Bush Fordhook. Kumerle
POLE BEANS
Running beans-kentucky Wonder.
Dutch Case Knife, Horticultural
Pole Lima-Giant Folded. Early
LeNiathan. Challenger.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY.
WASHINGTON. DC.

n.. O.. December II, 1871,
Referring 10 sample q, 7.
sect-lne submitted to this or.
by Mr.. J. E. Heating in cc~.
pany with Mr.. J. B. Porter m.
der date Of October 9Th. I h,r.
pleasure in advising you ,h,,
THIS preparation has been ara.
lyzed IN the Bureau Of ch.r.
istry and found to consist Of /,
mixture OF calcium and lead A..
senates. Bordeaux mixture ara
some crude form Of tar oil. !,
also contains small amcyn,, a,
sulphates. chlorides. masneslpn
carbonate and a trace o, NJ,
monia.
The various ingredients which
enter into the sample Of In.s.e,.
inc, as analyzed. arc no, pr.,.n,
in large enough quantities. IN
the light Of our present know.
edge, 10 he injurious 10 ula,,
life when used FOR spraying !,
applied in the usual manner ana
at proper dilutions. The com.
pound is very similar TO a gor.
deaux mixture containing sr,s.
nate OF lead and a little sulphur
Very truly yours.
l.. Q. HOWARD.
Chief OF Bureau
Spray Chemical Compound.
ing Co, Buffalo. y. Y.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

apart. or transplant to another part OF
the hotbed.
CHIVES are odd little members Of the
onion family. growing vigorously any
where, from clumps or roots There are
10 varieties and not many uses for the
plant. But the slender. delcately
Favored leaves cut in small pieces AMI
mixed with cream cheese make delicious
sandwich filing.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

in tightening a heavy clay soil. but 1
certainly should not so use them with
out sitting them In all probability
their presence did help the tomato plants
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

tender and delicious stalks a good three
weeks before YOUR less energetic neighbor
begins TO harvest his unprotected crop.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
BEETS GROW WELL IN pRACTI.
CAllY ANY SOIL.

BEETS make a DELIGHTFULLY."- cosmopol-
itsn crop. growing well in practically
any soil that does not tend 10 pack and
form crust about them. The secret
il To grow them rapidly. without a
check. and To use them az soon rs they
are OF edible size. The first crop or two
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

Editors Note: One OF the features OF ms
department is The oDportunity offered It's
readers 20 obtain help IN solving their garden
rOblcms Letters received up 10 THURSDAY
Of each week w'll be answered. If possible.
tho forthcoming sunday. II you desire a
personal letter IN addition 20 OF instead or
an answer in these columns. inclose a
stamped addressed enN elope
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
A COVER MUST BE PROVIDED
AGAINST EARLY FROSTS.

For the first part OF the season. when
real frosts can be looked for at frequent
intervals. it is necessary to provide some
sort Of cover for the beds, especially II
You are starting eggplant pepper and
tomatoes. The most common mats Tor
this purpose are made Of burlap, quilted
and lined. or of straw. and both kinds
may be bought at the larger seed or
agricultural supply stores. On the small
place It is usually better TO buy them
than 10 attempt 10 make them, unless one
has a lot of old feed bags or other coarse
material that can be roughly stitched into
a blanket and. of course, several thick
nesses Of newspaper or building paper. or
even loose straw heaped on the sash, WI!
do for temporary protection.
Every one will want TO know ! suppose
what a hotbed may be expected TO cost,
and while there is possible very vide
range. an approximate figure may be
found from the following data:
MADE TO ORDER OUTFIT.
One o-sash frame complet. with sash.
-Four cubic Yards manure 'approH'- .o
ora maj 4 Nv q feet burlap ....... ! so
Total s2J 90
And minimum Of labor and bother.
Since IL is almost impossible TO estimate
any general cost for a homemade affair,
will simply suggest the materials needed
for. say, three-sash bed, such as is Illus
trated herewith supplying average prices
whenever possible:
LUMBER.
Frame--One piece. feet . inches by "
{ect: one piece q feet s inches by IS inches.
two pieces. 6 feet by > feet: two pieces, !
feet by > inches by inches posts feet
by inches by inches
sash bary-Two pieces. s feet , inches b.
Q inches by inches. two pieces, feet
inches by - inches by | inch.
End bars-Tvo pieces, feet inches by
inch ny inches
Three sash (unglszed 81 10 each. glazed
Sc 30 eschh.
Five cuoic wards. more or less, Of manure
approximately sl2).
one-half to on2 cubic yard Of coil de
pending on the depth.
Twenty ana one-half cubic feet Of concrete
Gor foundation inches thick) u desired
Within the last few years there have
been put on the market smaller frames Of
various dimensions designed to protect
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

last year. but ii was osr.,,.
their effect m the physical co,s tsnioush
the soil. Coal ashes have ahso,n,,iloSlhn OF
fertiliZinc value "'So'u'eiy no
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

The soil in our garden was originally
very poor and sandy. but by adding lots
Of Kitchen scraps. waste parts from vcgo-
tables, and by digging under a cover
crop Of rye or clover each spring we have
in three or four years brought it into
apparently very much better condition.
But II still seems TO lack something
yigor or fertility whose absence is ind!-
Gated I'm the slow and stunted growth OF
our crops. Can you suggest what the soil
needs and how Ne can supply il?
without doubt what your crops miss
IS soluble. quickly available plant food
In the cover crops end other improvised
manures you have supplied one very
valuable overwhelmingly. humus or
dccayng vegetable matter-but this is
simply the raw material from which the
real plant foods can DE obtained only
after several years of decomposition and
chemical change. IL is as though you
gave child raw wheat and a COW with
the expectation that it could obtain
therefrom bread and milk without fur
Their preparation
What YOU should add. therefore. is
soda or ammonium sllphate 10 supply
nitrogen, sulphate or muriate of pota sh
10 supply potassium and raw or dis
solved phosphate rock or ground bone
10 supply phosphoric acid. these three
being tho most essential elements in
plant growth. All these matters | hope
Ia take up in detail later on in the sea-
son. when there is more time TO go into
principles and explanations About as
good n ,hing as YOU can do without
studying the question carefully is TO
buy AT the seed store a bag or so OF some
reliable PREF ared fertilizer and apply IL
10 the garden before planting time ac-
cording To the directions that will ac-
company II or that can be obtained in
the literature put OUT by It's manufact-
urer.
Is II 'wiso TO mix coal ashes with the
soil in a garden with view TO improv-
ing It? \ neighboring florist suggested
last year that ] add ashes 10 the soil
when I planted my tomatoes, and the
plants certainly 1ourished. so I thought
Of applying some all over the yard Have
such ashes any real fertilzng value,
j. II. ..
A. suggested in the reply to 4. =. y.
above, coal ashes are OF considerable use
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
ROSEDALE SPECIALTIES

+, ses for every place and purpose In 200
Varieties al prices as low as consistent with
highest quality.
DECISIONS IRISH ROSES
famous the world over for being true 10
name and OF highest quality. are grown 20
our order and the varieties are selected not
only Tor beauty and Fragrance but also for
freedom OF bloom and vigorous growth in
our trying climate.
ROSES IN TREE FORM
have been a leading specially with Us for
many years. but we have never had such a
fne LOT az this year They embrace tho
leading varieties. and are grown on Rugosa
stock. which is best Of all stock for this
purpose.
Your address will bring full description
tud prices Of these and other Rosedale Spe-
Icialties.
| {. G.. HARRIS.
Tarrytown, y. y.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

h rot; ..,,.,
!, ~ w ~
!. 9P' - ~ ~
A. .bo Ards orr
u sueIiinc
J rarfv rrin~
Ie e. e him ,ron
D n, h,,. an,earanc.
G ~ ~ o,.n1s
/, IN vounr s.,dlinrs
,
e.fore hnds omen
/. ms hefore bioason,s
, ono,
When nlan,s begin 20
run.
|, When plants begin to
+. run.
As leaves are unfold
= ing
c When they first ap-
pear.
r.fore Leaves start
y When buds are
= breaking.
Just before buds
open.
Before blossoms arc
h lust before blossom
r Ing.
inr
ubep riar-s harin "a
|, J,il,. ,, 70 Aug Z
. when plants begin 20
vine
In March or April.
or both. 70 make
. About Tim. sbucks
are eho,ildins from
yo,ng frui, or on
1Ts, snncarance
Ire, - huds h.rin
q IA swell
e
= s,rin, ar bo,b ~
e IA
90. AZ. -, hrs,otes
~ -, c. c., -" 49, =. : -, ,,e
IN Wlntef US, use com. OF,
phuF 'or esss'
,t.,, e.,.,ir- -
! Du1s ,.,. -,
E ar,,t1
W zen raves arc hs''
sIo" ~. Ito.
rs ouus orc sH ell'''s
OF OH appears ic
As tor early blight 70
e July
po,o,. i.,vn. one,
yCbe, nest first an.
= VII, ,.s-,, ~. baff
" n-ora
m C-.. a,n.srance
~ f,,ro,,s
e el,,es - -
Soon after growth
I.,;,s
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22
SPRAY WITH IN-SECT.INE
SPRAYING TABLE
IA.SEcT.INE Is the only Compound ever
mixed that kills BOTH SCALE and INSECTS

WHAT TO SPRAY, WHAT TO -
AND WHAT TO SPRAY TINE OF FtHSl
SPRAY FOR WITH SPIRAL l>r
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-03-22

MADE TO ORDER OUTFIT
La .I.ith oh
The Twin Falls times. [volume] (Twin Falls, Idaho) 1905-1916, 1914-04-07
QUICK RELIEF FOR
STOMACH MISERY
Mi-O-na Will Put Your Sour, Classy,
Upset Stomach in Order.

If you are a stomach sufferer do not
despair-immediate safe and sure re-
lief is at hand. Mi-o-na Stomach Tab
lets, sold in fifty ceent boxes at all drug
stores, are a specific for out-of-order
stomachs.
Mi-o-na is not only quick digestive,
but stimulant and strengthened OF the
stomach walls. 1t increases the flow
of digestive fluids, soothes the irrlta-
ted membrane, and puts the stomach
in shape to do the work nature intend
ed
If suffering with indigestion, dys-
pepsia, gastritis, or any O. the varl-
Gus forms of stomach misery, usually
indicated by nervousness, distress after
eating, headache, dizziness or sour
stomach, do not wait, do not suffer
needlessly take Mi-o-na today
Skeels-W Wiley sells it on money back
il not satisfied plan.-Adv.
The Twin Falls times. [volume] (Twin Falls, Idaho) 1905-1916, 1914-04-07

WANTED-To herd by the month
or season, cattle and horses. VIII pun
them on best of feed and guarantee to
deliver in O. K. shape. Can give ref
erence. Ten years in Twin Falls coun-
ty. H. l.. Brown, Rogerson.
Mar 13-17-20-24 27-31 Apr 3 pd
The Twin Falls times. [volume] (Twin Falls, Idaho) 1905-1916, 1914-04-07

LOST-Copper Arts and Crafts bar
pin. Reward for return to this office.