davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

place himself and his troops at the dis
posal of the king emperor, and that
'o,O00 OF the pick of the Indian army
was then on it's way created something
or sensation here. BY the time this
is printed they will probably have
taken their places in the fighting line
instead of holding back, as was ex-
pected, we now know that the princes of
India and their people clamored for the
privilege of serving the emperor, and
that the difficulty of the Indian gov
eminent has not been to suppress dis
loyalty, but so to arrange matters that
the men whom it is impossible to ac-
cspt for service at present shall not
feel disappointed
From the outbreak of the war the
elceory and his council have been over
wheined with kilograms and letters of
1eFins men. money and personal serv-
ICE, and these offers have come mt
only from the princes of British India.
nut from the independent and semi
independent rulers all around her bor-
ders- Even the Grand Llama of Tibet
with whom the British were febtine
Two or three years ago. has offered
thousand Tibetan soldiers and "tba
prayers of countless llamas."
The spirit of India is well illustrated
bN one of the first kilograms received
d! the viceroy. 1t came from the Maba
rss3ah OF Rewa. a great native prince
and was soldierly in its directness ana
simplicity. 1t read: what orders fron,
mas majesty for me and NV mem" CAV
mat L possess for the EMPEROR. w,s
'Ve message of the Rajah of Prdukot,
ana The whole resources of nv state,
iEom the Maharajah of Bharatpur
rerhaps midas loyalty is best shovn
however, by the action of Sir Pertae
sngh. the regent of Jodhpur. Sir Per-
TAB is seventy years old, and his
nepnew,> the maharajah, is sixteen
fhey offered their troops and them
ssises, ana when the Indian govern
lnent accepted the troops, but explained
tnat the regent was too old and the
fnanaraJah too young for service in
the held. they hurried to Simla and
demanded to see the viceroy He tried
TO explain TO them that they could do
as good work for the empire at home
as. in Europe. But Sir Pertab replied.
we insist upon our right to lead our
troops against the emperors enemies"
1t is no disparagement of Sir Per-
tabs loyalty to say that he has per-
sonal score to settle with the Germans.
He accompanied the Indian contln-
gent in the Boxer campaign in China
in 1900, and Sir Valentine Ch;rol, the
foreign director of the London Times,
whose personal friend he is, tells how
resented the conduct of the Ger
mans in that campaign. Officers and
nfsn alike missed no opportunity of in
sulting the Indian troops, whom they
referred to as coolies At Bikanir, a
couple of years ago. Count Wolff Met
ternich. then the German ambassador
in London, arrived there, and although
unwelcome, had to be treated with
courtesy. Sir Pertab showed all the
qualities of great gentleman in deal
ing with this unwelcome guest, but
when he had gone, ne said to Sir VAL
entine. It like meet German on horse
back sword in hand, not salaam in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

The Mahar ira jah of Cooch Behar, for in
stance, one of the great Indian princes.
is a man of low caste. and his own
servants will not serve him with food.
They will place it on the table, but
may not hand it to him. This is ex-
planned by the fact that Cooch Behar
was conquered some centuries ago by
race of low caste shepherds. who
supplied the ruling dynasty.
X *
There is likely to be much envy
among the native princes of the for
tunate few who have been selected to
accompany the first 10000 troops, but
it has been explained that if the war
continues all will have a chance to
serve. The princes selected. in addi-
ton to Sir Pertab Singh and his
nephew, are princes of Patiala, Bika-
mir, Kashangarh, Rutlam, Sachin, tho
heir apparent of Shoppal and the
brother of the Maharajah of Cooch
Behar. In addition. many of the cadets
of the royal families are accompanying
the troops.
Among those who are not going at
once the Maharajah of Mysore has
placed nearly S1,100,0O0 at the disposal
of the government for the expense of
the war, the Mahara jah of Gwalior has
fitted out a hospital ship and the
Begun of Bhopal has offered all the
horses in her state. The Maharajah OF
Rewa, who telegraphed for orders, has
offered not only his troops and him.
self, but his whole treasury and all
his private jewels. This record OF
loyalty is new thing with some OF
the princes.
The Maharajah of Patiala, who lie
coming to fight in Europe for the em-
peror, is the grandson of the man who
did as much as any one to save India
for the empire. In 1857, when the
whole of India apparently was in re-
volt, and the Sikhs were wavering, ne
rode with only one attendant to the
nearest British post and placed all his
resources at the service OF Britain Tne
lesser princes followed his example,
and the Sikhs resumed their duty.
Only one possible objection has been
urged against the use of the Indian
troops. and that is the danger of
matching them on equal terms with
white men. India understands perfect
w. however, that there are castles among
white men as well as among Indians
and that white men who break treaties
and outrage women and children are OF
a different class from those by whose
side they are fighting. midas view Is
well expressed in some verses by H. y.
Vernede. published in the London
Times, which conclude as follows:
..These foes they are not sahibs; they break
the word they plight
On babes their blades are whetteu deau "o"'n
know their might.
Their princes sweepers whom none may
Their gods they have forgotten; their honor
traits the dust;
All that they had of izzat is trodden under
Into their hearts my brothers. drive homs.
drive home the steel!
Copyright, 1914. by Curtis Brown.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

among the best swordsmen and riders
in the world, and one of their charges
the most terrible thing that troops can
be called on to face. Like most orien-
tails, they have no fear of death and
will charge battery of artillery as
readily as they will cut up retreating
infantry. It is likely that Sir Pertab
Singh and his nephew. the Maharajah
of Jodhpur, will ride with the Silkhs.
Other excellent fighting tribes are
the Mahrattas, Punjabis and Pathans.
The organization of the Indian army
is peculiar in that it has in the lower
ranks a double set of officers. Each
regiment has nine white officers and
full complement of native officers be-
low the rank of major, although the
"rissaldar major" the chief native Of
fcar, ranks as major. Before the In
dian mutiny the system prevailing was
that each white officer should be dupli-
Gated by 4 native officer, and the result
was that after the mutinous troops
had slaughtered their white officers
they had a completely differed regi-
ment for service.
Now only the lower ranks are open
to natives and the last joined British
subalt . is senior to the Oldest ma
tive olncer. The ranks of the native
officers are "jemadar," corresponding
roughly to lieutenant. "rissaldar" and
"ressaidar,'' which correspond to cap
tain. and "woordie major who is the
native adjutant. The "duffadar" is the
sergeant, the "kote duffadar'' the ser
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

spects and different in others. There ID
a supreme court at the capital. which
supervises all the other courts of the
republic. There are six courts of ap-
peal, one in each of the principal cit
les, and there are minor courts scat
tered over the country. There is no
jury system except in the cases where
the freedom of the press has been
abused. All trials are before one or
more judges. the government being
represented by public prosecutors. The
police are under the control OF the
minister of the interior. and seem to
be very well managed. Police expenses
are paid out of the national treasury.
The Chileans are proud of their army.
They are natural soldiers, and 1t is
said they would rather fight than eat.
According to the laws, every able-bodied
citizen is obliged to serve in the army.
and recruits are called up in their
twentieth year and trained for one
year. They afterward serve of and on
for nine years in the reserve. The
country is divided into zones or mill
tary districts. each of which forms
complete division of mobilization. The
total strength of the army is 1000 Of
ficers and $4,000 men.
The country has good military schools
and its officers are all trained by Ger
mans. The army is said to be about
the most efficient in South America.
x*
AS to financial matters the govern
ment of Chile is more cheaply run
than that OF the United States. The
Chilean government costs about $780,
100000 year. Ours costs about $1,000
600 a day, and in this is not included
our postal account or the loans and
payments on the public debt. The gov
eminent of Chile controls the most OF
the railways, and it has a net loss OF
some millions of pesos from that source
every year. The roads are badly man.
aged and poorly equipped, and their
officials and employees are part of the
political machine rather than efficient
servants of the travelling public.
large part Of the government re.
ceipts-not quite one-half-comes from
the export duties on nitrate and the
cource of government income is the
import duties. which amount to about
81. 100000 a year. The tariff covers
nearly everything. with the notable exc
ception of printing paper, which 10 adj
mitted free on he ground that books
and newspapers are a benefit to the
public and that they should receive
public aid. All publications are distrib-
uted without postage. and white paper
sells for less than it does in the United
States, and that Notwithstanding 1t has
the markets.
There is one more difference between
the government of Chile and ours, and
that is as to religion. We do not be-
lieve in any union of the church and
state The Roman Catholic religion 10
maintained by this government, al
though according to the constitution
all religions are respected and protect
ed. FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

Chile. the country is one of the best
managed of all South America. Its
people are noted for their patriotism.
They are for Chile first, last and all
each other during the presidential
campaigns. they are peaceful enough
once the president is elected. The
country is not one of revolutions. IL
has had only thirteen presidents since
1880, and one of these was elected, but
did not act. Since the beginning OF
the republic in 1910 there have been
twenty-five presidents, and the only
revolutionary period was between
1923 and 1880, when there were ten
different executives. During the first
years of the republic several OF the
presidents had terms of ten years, and
it was not until 1871 that the fve-year
period. without reelection, which now
prevails, began. The president mas
the right of veto, but congress can,
by two-thirds vote, override his OBJ
jections, and make it's bills a law
When a presidential measure fails, 1t
is the custom of the cabinet to resign,
and there have been times when Chile
has had new cabinet on the average
about once month.
The congress of Chile differs from
ours as to it's elections, its times OF
meeting, and in several other features
The members of both senate and house
are elected by the males of the coun-
Try, Out no one can vote WllLoul nio
can read and write. There is a differ
ence in the voting age as to whether
a man is married or single. The bache-
Tor has to wait until he is twenty-five,
but the married man can vote at the
age of twenty-one. Members of the
house OF deputies must be at least
twenty-one at the time of their cleo
ton, and senators must be th1rty-six
or more. All candidates for congress
must have a specified income, and
member of the lower house cannot
serve without he has at least $500 per
year. Every senator must have at
least $4,000 a year, and members OF
both houses must serve without SAL
aries. There is supposed to be no
financial profit in the position. and the
place is one of honor alone. AS 70
graft, I have no doubt but that more
or less exists. Indeed, I have yet to
find legislative body on earth where
each and all of the members are saints.
The provisions for educational quail
ment of specified income makes the
government of Chile an oligarchy. 1t
practically confines the administration
to the richer classes. and the great
families control the country. This is
so not only in Chile, but In all OF the
Latin American republics. 1t has al
ways been so in Mexico, and the sup
position that the Mexicans can have
free and fair elections under the pres
ent conditions is absurd to any one
who knows Latin America. The gov
eminent of these countries has always
been In the hands of the few, and it is
only by education and gradual uplift
that the masses can be fitted to take
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

but new markets are coming up and
the continent OF Asia promises to be
one OF our chief consumers. We are al
ready sending a great deal of nitrate
to Japan, and also to southern Europe,
including Russia and the Balkan states.
Germany is one OF our chief customers,
and the Austro-Hungarians are steadi-
ly increasing their demand.
AT this point I was told that the
president was ready to see me, and
Senior Castro, one Of the secretaries;
Mr. Harvey and myself were taken into
the audience room This is more like
our White House. The floor is heavily
carpeted and historical paintings hang
from the walls. The room is lusuri-
ously furnished, but it has none of
the soft couches or sofas upon which
the aged president is said to sleep.
Indeed, his excellency looked more
like an active American business
man than a sleeper. He is short and
straight and inclined to be fleshy. He
has big head. rosy face and bright
eyes. He asked me to sit down beside
him, and for half an hour or so we
chatted together as to his country, its
government and it's relations to the
United States.
The president spoke of the compile
ton of the Panama canal, and thanked
the United States for the great work it
had done there for the world. He told
me he hoped to come northward to
visit us at the close of this year. His
term of Office will then be over, and
he expects to visit the opening of the
San Francisco exposition If congress
will free him from the provision that
the president remain in the country
for one year after the close of his
term. Don Ramon told me that his
plan is to travel to Panama, examine
the canal and thence proceed by ship
to San Francisco After seeing the fair
he will go across the mountains and
plains to Chicago, and thence on to
return to Chile by the Caribbean sea
and the Pacific. passing through the
canal
l asked the president as to the eff
feet of the Panama canal upon our
trade with his country. He replied that
1t will undoubtedly better the relations
between the two republics, and that the
United States will be able to sell more
goods along the whole western coast
of this continent. He expects an i'm
mediate increase from now on in the
and that not only from it's mines, but
also from its farms and orchards. He
spoke kindly of Col. Theodore Roose-
welt, who has made host of friends
during his visit to Chile, and also re-
ferred to the convention of the Pan
American Union at Santiago and to
the fact that our Secretary of State,
Mr.. Bryan, and Mr.. John Barrett, the
director of the union, are to be pres
union of the pan-American republics,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

points his own cabinet, but he has also
a council of state of eleven members,
five of whom are nominated by him and
the other six chosen by congress. This
council has advisory functions, and it's
approval is required in many of the ex-
ecutive acts and appointments. In case
our President dies the Vice President
succeeds. and if he passes away the
Secretary of State becomes President
for the remainder of the term. Chile
has no vice president, but if the presi-
dent dies the secretary of the interior
becomes the vice president and acts as
president until a new president can be
legally elected.
The President of the United States is
far better paid than the president of
Chile. President Wilson has a salary
of $4,000 year and an allowance OF
$4,000 for travelling expenses. Be
sides. he has his house rent free and
lots of perquisites. Don Ramon Barros
has salary of less than $1,000. and in
the neighborhood of $4,000 for ex-
penses. His total official income is just
about $4,000. and, Notwithstanding
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

this. he lives in good style and has a
limousine
The moneda, or Chilean White House.
is much larger than our Executive Man
sion. It covers almost four acres and
consists of three-story building run,
nlng around patios or courts. fl!ed
with flowers and in which fountains
pay. The building is large for a
country the size of Chile, and, as
the story goes, it was made so through
a mistake. 1t was built in the old Span
lsh times. the plans being made in
Madrid and sent to Santiago. The
spanish architect had been told by the
KING to construct two sets Of draw
1ngs, one for a large building in Mexico
city. then also a part of the Spanish
dominion, and a smaller building for
emile. He followed his directions. but
IN forwarding the plans Santiago got
the Mexican drawings and Mexico got
those for Santiago. The result was
TINS enormous moneda, which Is today
the largest presidential residence on
this hemisphere
Returning to the government of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

and thinks that they should cooper
ate in maintaining the peace of this
hemisphere.
During the interview I asked Don
Ramon several questions as to his ex-
ecutlve powers. and as to the points of
dlHerence between the Republic of
Chile and ours The Chilean constitu-
ton is modelled upon that of the United
states. but there are striking differ
ences, and in some of these Chile has
the advantage. President Don Barros
Luco, for instance, was elected for a
nve-year term instead of four years, as
was President Wilson, and he cannot
succeed himself, although he may have
a second term II another president in
tervenes. This takes him out of poll
tics as far as using the civil service ia
concerned.
Another point Of difference is in the
conduct of the administration. The
President of the United States is as
sisted by cabinet of secretaries ap-
pointed by himself. although their APP
pointments must be confirmed by the
Senate. The president of Chile APP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

white enemy, and determined to acquit
themselves well.
Ensland's forces in India may he
divided into two o. even three classes.
First, there is the British army, com
posed OF white men. battalions of the
regular army regiments recruited at
home ana supplied constantly by drafts
from England. Many of them are al
ready in the fighting line, and for the
purposes of this article, at any rate.
they can be disregarded Next comes
the native army, composed OF native
troops with white and native officers,
and third the armies Of the native in
dependent and seri-inde pendent states
under native leadership, but organized
more or less on European lines and
most of them trained by British Off
GERS lent for this purpose. 1t is with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18
he H
w. t h h place atmeMp ofMs rrnmst

these last two divisions that we have
to deal
The Indian army is Kitcheners own
work. He found it very little changed,
in training and efficiency, from the
days of the Indian mutiny, and he re-
made it. Now it is known that he
holds the opinion that it is equal to the
best troops in the world. 1t consists,
with reserve, of about 100000 men.
There are forty regiments of cavalry,
twelve mountain batteries. three regi-
ments of engineers and 40 battalions
of infantry, with service, medical,
transport and other corps. The men
enlist voluntarily for period OF three
years and they have the option of ex-
tending their service to thirty-two
years. They almost always accept of
the opportunity of extending their
service. About 35 per cent of the men
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

been at the head of nearly every gov
eminent department, has been minister
to Paris, and four years ago was al
most unanimously elected president,
which Office he now holds.
Don Ramon is noted as a patriot and
A statesman. He was one of the lead
ing figures in the war against Balma-
ceda, and at that time had a narrow
escape. 1t was when the cattleship
Blanco was torpedoed and sunk by the
enemy at some distance off the coast.
Don Ramon was one of the officers on
board and he saved his life by catching
hold of the tail of a bull that had been
on the ship. The bull swan to the
shore, and it carried Don Ramon with
it.
That was twenty-three years ago.
when Don Ramon was then in his
nitles He is now past three score and
ten, and is still full of life. although he
- criticised as taking frequent naps
during the day Indeed. one of the wits
OF santiago has made a bon mot in
reference to him that to me seems
more sarcastic than just. This man
says: The King of England reigns,
but does not rule. The President of the
The President of France neither rules
nor reigns. The President of Chile
sleeps"
j found Don Ramon far from sleeping
during my interview. The talk was ar
ranged through Mr.. Roland B. Harvey.
who in the absence Of the American
minister was charge d'affaires of our
legation in Santiago. and my audience
was given in the Moneda, or Chilean
white house. The Moneda is also the
state department, and before going in
to the president, I had a short talk
with the secretary of state as to the
growth of Chile and the great devel-
opment now going on in the south. I
asked him as to the nitrate fields. and
whether our farmers are to continue to
h9ve their. best fertilizers from this
part Of the world. The secretary re-
piled that we need not worry I'VE
age finding new nitrate deposits right
along. said he, land the industry is
spreading north and south. II the pres
ant demand only were to be satisfied,
We could supply it for hundred years,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

HERE has been
no more thrilling
event in English
history than the
magnificent loyal
ty of the Indian
princes. The an
nouncement in
parliament la 8 t
week that of the
700 native princes
not one had failed
voluntarily TO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

Native Troops to
Fight Against Ger
many-Tribes Pray to
Be Allowed to Serve
King-Emperor - The
Ghurkas and Sikhs.
i midas Immense Fight
ing Population Which
Is at England's Dis
posal in the Great
Struggle. =.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18
drawing room. Show him then rajpu

British military experts declare tina t
the Indian troops who are coming now
to fight for the empire are the finest
soldiers in the world, and that behind
them they have reserve of incom-
parable fighting material. No one who
knows only the mild Hindoo who emf
CRATES can imagine what the fighting
tribes of India are like. They are
warriors by race and by training From
their birth almost they are trained to
arms, and they are now Immensely
proud of being selected to fight side by
side with the British troops against a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18
1914, by Frank G. Carpenter.)
NTIAGQ Chila


HAVE just had an
audience with the
grand old man of
the Chilean re-
public. His name
is Don Ramon
BarroS Luco, and
he has been con-
nected with the
official manage
ment of the coun-
try for many
years. He has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18

CUffespoHuence Inc star.
LONDON October q 1914