davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1914-02-27
ECDYEY GENERAL
'pN STUCK MARKET
I1newed Activity Ascribed Or
I gall.St. to Soms Mysterious
Tsrn For Better IN Mexico

fvrncnt 1oa1 ~ - New resk
DvsnAns Psst C.
NV YORK, Feb. 27-Ths further
Seui recovSty, which was quite
11nuuua oa Tie stock exchange To-
~ anl which at the close became
~ oclivs, wss dol1btless due %
1nSu6nsss BY the "beafsr Who haA
W otoclu q the latest As9ican q.
nt' ut & was Ascribed % WAN
Ie -, come n4yutsrjous turn Of
NJ 8 ~ ne botttf which was about
Seont - the Hl10x1can situation.
hsoooaH STOCK markets. were nrm'
- ts0poeary wsahness q london.
- - oW1 Usins1 ofoand steadily
(n1t There WaG no news with
Dou1HP booring On the market. The
~ - ~. ~ looo IN co1o b. Nov
l6nte e - ~ .treessy -
foGnl1iancoo from ths 1hteejoe.
GnGG1o1or 6 tom6er0w's bank
1s1 IN lb7sssss depend q
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1914-02-27

Harpl6 Wiser. @ u ylGVr cal .
wood Co. VAS Ans1 30 81 Justice
oosln. Thuruoay, and IT, driver &C.
cused o8 Worklne . toGJn oe mnlos.
w1(A Soeo shoo1doen, W. 6Dmissed.
sYour 1riverU RovS beoo n before fcr
dnvise uofie Gninals = asSed tSc
ju1osg vlosf A1nltts1 a. end also
vices. - ~ ~ 1fivsf =.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1914-02-27

BUFFALO,. N. r., Fsb. S7-Ths
eonforoneo Of the Great Lakes cities
which oV0noo here ThnrDoay and
which o6nclu6od this aftornoon By
Ne 14ooeleA of = coneeitulloe end
~ loountlon ,oe She oreot Loksa
yvn4.Ys1 49, ~ 4 1scsleso y
1etolot eonpor)e4 octiea q the par(
0f ~ voFt6 q ~ lAhes 70 secure
improyemsats w1oro needed Nas well
- = inesoeoe1 eeonooo
uxSngees sGaveCn OALL oAb. -
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

p.cments, are landed. The city has now 10000 people and it is rapidly growing. Il: had a fire a few years ago which swept away the buildings of wood and tin which then existed and in their places we now find new city. built along modern lines and up-to-date in every particular. Many of the build ipgs are of reinforced concrete and of two or three stories. The shops have plate glass windows. coming down to the pavements and the window dis plays are better than those of our towns of the same size at home. The streets are wide and the pavements about twice as broad as those of San tlago. The whole tone of Valdivia is white. and the concrete construction makes it look like a substantial mu- ricipality built of Berea sandstone
 Indeed. Valdivia is more German thar Chilean. The signs over the. stores are in German, and there are German cafes, in which you get excellent beer made by the Germans. This beer is famous throughout the republic and it is shipped north and south on the steam CTS. The chief hotel here has a French name, but it is run by a German, and Germans own the greater part of the town. One of the leading exceptions is the chief importing establishments
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

bring In colonists Such men have a right to the free passage of their inn migrants from Europe and to the al- lowances given to government eolonists already mentioned. It Is provided that mare, a merino sheep. a pig and three fowls and a sawmill for each certain number of families. In some cases the colonists have rude houses built for thom and In others certain carpenters tools arc furnished. The amount of land so allotted to each family is greatly in excess of that given by tho government and whom the country Is mountainous the number of acres may be doubled. The land necessary to found a village is also supplied If there are mechanics among the immigrants.
 Such colonial contractors agree to es- tablish a certain number of families on the lands allotted to them and to see that those families stay upon the lands for a period of five years. They con- tract that they will pay back the money furnished for the passage and for the supplies given the colonists in six yearly installments and that their undertakings shall be carried out in good faith. The government Is malS- ing even better arrangements than these for the native Chileans who have emigrated to Argentina and want to re- turn. It has set aside reservations or about 90.000 acres as land grant Tor them, and ten such colonies have all ready been established in the provinces of Cautin. Malleco and NaldiVta.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22
A Trick With a Funnel

To blow out n candle. using a funnel to blow through, seems a ridiculously easy thing to do, says the Boston American But ask any friend of yours to try 1t and see what happens. Ten to one he will try to blow through the cup so as to force h.a breath through the narrow neck of the funnel As this is not an easy thing to do, he will fatten mouth and nose fin his endeavors. while trying to force his face into the small cup. Then he will reverse the funnel and blow Into the neck and when he does not succeed in extlnguishing tho light he will blow harder and harder and finally he will admit that he is beaten.
 Ih blowing through the neck of the fun mel he has directed the funnel directly at the light, so that the flame Is exactly op- posite to the place where the neck of the funnel joins the cup. You, on taking tho funnel from him. incline the funnel SD that its proper edge is on level with the light. You blow gently. The light Is ex- tinguished at the first puff without any of the desperate effort which your friend put forth.
 If you will ponder moment you will renlize why you succeeded and why your friend failed. His breath on entering the cup or funnel spread in all directions. and the tiny current of air was dispersed upward and downward. so that. as he neatly leveled the center of the funnel at the flame. no current of air ever reached it.
 You, on the contrary, hold the upper wall of the funnel on a level with tho flame. The current of air started by sour breath, on reaching the edge of the wall. streamed onward in the direction given it by the restraining wall and on reaching the flame snuffed it ott.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

This is American. It belongs to W. K. Grace & Co, having a pretentious r~v- story building. covering the whole of one side of the plaza. This store is filled with American machinery. from windmills and reapers and thrashers to hand sewing machines and notions. It has also American canned goods and textiles,
 When I arrived in valdivia at night I expected to find everything closed up as tight as a drum. as is the custom in nearly every Spanish American city along the west coast It Is so Of Lima, the capital of Peru. That town has 160,000 population. and Is the chief businessscenter of a country of several millions. Nevertheless at ' o'clock in the evening it's streets are deserted. Its stores are closed. and you walk between blank walls. Santiago is double the size and its merchants go to bed with the chickens. Down here at Valdiyia the town is alive after dark, and Saturday night the stores are open till late in the evening. The place is lighted by electricity. and crowds walk the streets and prome- made back and forth in the plaza.
 valdivia Is situated on the Valdivia river, which flows from the Andes down to the Pacific. The town is about 12 miles from the mouth of the river where lies the port of Corral All goods are landed at Corral and carried up to valdivia in barges. I took a steam launch and rode down to look at the port. The stream is about half as wide as the Potomac at Washington. We first sailed by lumber yards, boa, building works, sawmills and other woodworking establishments. A little later we wound our way among low hills covered with woods. passing through a maze of fine scenery. The stream is of an emerald green, and il flows between dark green banks and low hills as precipitousc as those of the Rhine between Mainz and Cologne. Had the hills been covered with vineyards we might have imagined ourselves on 9 launch on the Rhine. for there were many Germans on board. The port oi Corral has only few hundred people It's buildings are small, the wharves are poor and much of the unloading ia done out. in the harbor. There we've two steamers at anchor during oui stay and on our way to the port we passed barges carrying coal and ma chinery up the river. Only small yes sells call here and since the railroad has been completed a large part ei the freight is carried that way,
 Southern Chile is far different from the other parts of the country. Chile in proportion to its width. Is one of the longest lands of the world. If it could be laid upon the United States with its northern end at Philadelphia, it would reach almost to the Pacific, and still It's ay craze width is not greater than from New York to Albany. The upper part of the land is a desert. as bleak and bare as that of the Sahara. The middle part, extending from some distance above Santiago to a days ride by train north of where I am, Is one of the richest
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

cept suggestion has fostered the belief that he is an adapter and organizer rather than strategist. He is both. His campaigns show the soldier as well as the engineer and organizer.
 But his great maxim Is that in war nothing can be improvised. Every detail must be thought out; that marks his su- reriority over other modern commanders A long preparation has gone to each suc- cess. He succeeds because he takes the infinite trouble necessary to secure it.
 His achievement Is tke formation of the general staff He has brought together the best military brains in France and co-ordainated and controlled their ef- forts. He has exercised politics, that bane of the French army.
 It is the more to his credit, for his own political opinions are opposed to those of his chief coadJutors. A republi- can and freemason. he Is surrounded by men who are Catholic and disposed to cavl at the present constitution, but 1t makes no difference to his appreciation of them.
 His chief confidence is given to Generals Rau and de Castelnau. neither of whom belongs to his school of politics, and when he arrived at power-on Pau's recommen- dation to the war council-he soon showed that politics meant nothing to him; his advent as commander in chief was fol- lowed by the departure of the "parlia- nlentary soldiers" who should never have been drawn from their natural obsecurity.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

trained from expressing any opinions on the first issues for which his party was fighting and he is known to have ex- pressed himself on one or two occasins in contemptupus terms about some of the partys window dressing" and measures.
 From the dawn of the Asquith day Burns buried himself in his work as chief of the local government board, and both his friends and foes agree that no one has ever done it better. He walked up the sleepy permanent officials and for the first time in their lives convinced 8 lot of government servants that they really were expected to work. He rooted out lot of corruption in municipal and local governments. and he did more than any one has ever done to humanize the administration of the poor law, since that system was created to take place of the charities of the suppressed monasteries in the time of Queen Elizabeth.
 There is no doubt that John Burns felt keenly his being pushed into the back ground. When I say he is vain man. I use the word "vain" for want of bet ter, and not in any insidious sense. Every one who knows Burns knows that he has "a guide conceit of himself" He fully realizes what a tremendous feat he has accomplished in rising in England from the position of errand boy in candle factory to that of cabinet minister, privy councillor and trusted adviser of the King He has no hesitation in telling any one all about it, not in a boosting manner, but as one might talk of some one else who deserved credit for some thing he had done. On top of that he knew that he was doing really good work in his department and he felt that to be shelved was a great injustice.
 Another factor in. Burns eclipse, or rather in deciding his action. was per- haps that like many "self-made" men he is just wee bit of a snob. John Burns was immensely pleased at the attention showed to him by royalty. First King Edward and then King George really took him into their circle of personal friends. Both father and son realized the value
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22
What Will Become of John Burns?

that the Kaiser is too I am told that he said over the dinner table a few nights ago that the Kaiser had behaved like gentleman throughout, but that he had been misled by the Prussian junkers.
 Burns patriotism is beyond doubt and he is displaying it now, by working night and day, despite his terrible disappoint- ment, at the one task which pacfist can conscientiously undertake for his coun- try in war time He has accepted-in fact he asked for-the unpaid post of chairman of the London committee for the prevention and relief of distress and he is busy organizing the means of deal- ing with unemployment and distress aris- ing out of the war.
 How consistent he is in his attitude is shown by the following letter which he wrote the other day in reply to an invitation to address d recruiting meet ing from the Mayor of Battersea. his own constituency:
 'I cannot accept your kind invitation to attend the towns meeting tomorrow night. The war has brought in its train whole series of industrial and com mercial dislocations which threaten to inflict very serious hardships on the working classes, and as chairman of the London Committee for the Prevention and Relief of Distress my time Is wholly, and think I may say usefully, occupied in endeavoring to adjust these disturb arces and mitigate their hardships."
 Now what about John Burns future There is no doubt that he has broken with the liberal party absolutely in tho war question. I am told that he de- clared at a cabinet meeting in his blunt way that they were 'sllthering into hell Obviously he has nothing more to hope for from the party which made him and which now regards him as an ingrate and a traitor-in the political sense only Still less he has any future in the tory party, even If it should return to power. which at the present time seems ex- tremely unlikely to happen for many years to come A pacifist, who carried
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

LONDON, November 12.-(Spe- cial = One of the minor
 tragedies of the great Euro v1l8I43 pean war is the fate of John sn Burns, Honest John." the English laboring man, who became a cabinet leader and who, in the mo- ment of crisis, was big enough to place .his conscience above his job and his sal ary However much we may disagree with Burns--and I am afraid there are fow in this country who now agree with him--one cannot help but admire tho way he has come through perhaps tho hardest test to which man in his circumstances can be subjected. For rather than compromise with his con- victions he threw away his position ss cabinet minister, his salary or S25,000 a year. an enormous one from the viewpoint of a man of his antece- dents and endangered, If he did not sacrifice. his whole political future.
 Burns was one of the three cabinet ministers--the other two being Lord Morley and George Trevelyan--who, at the outbreak of war, resigned their positions because they disagreed with the policy of the government. Just how serious this disagreement was. or on what point it turned. it is impossible for the moment to say because no one has succeeded in drawing any of the trio. There have been all kinds of rumors about but these are only guesswork.
 c' I'll tell the story which is going round the political clubs about Burns resignation. It is that he expected, as dio his two colleagues who made their protest against the war by resigning, that having placed themselves on rec ord as pacifists they would be invited to reconsider their resignation This is what happened in the case of tine other two ministers and Lord Morley only persisted in his resignation on the ground of his extreme age. Burns. however, was not given the chance to =reconsider and was left out in the cold.
 There is no doubt that MT. Asquith, the prime minister, and Burns have never pulled together Burns was not eAaouith's selection. He was appointed president of the local government board with seat in the cabinet by Asuuith's predecessor. the late Sir Henry Campbell Zimmerman, who had n great admiration for Burns real ex- ,ecutive ability and sterling honesty Burns, however, was never enough. oi "a dfplomatist to get on with Asquith, the highly trained lawyer ana the most corsummate master or pontics or n's time.
 From the very day when Asauith oe- came premier the eclipse of Burns pc gan. Before that he was always m tne ,1imelight. Under ''C. B.. Burns was .,n .constant demand at all the big pohtca gatherings as one of the star speakers >sand a very effective speaker he was yWhsn Asqu!th took control of the libera, y party Burns was no longer starred ana he practically disappeared from the pont- ical stage. Even in his own constituencs o; Battersea, where he is still fdolized tS the people, he was heard only on the annual occasion on which English GUS tom demands that minister of Parilr' ment shau render an account of his do ings to his constituentA He carefully re
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

has been on the condition that tho colon- ist establish himself at once on the land given him, and that he work 1t steadily for at least six years. He contracts Q pay back without interest the amount of passage money received. and also not to sell any of the stuff he gets from tho state, nor to mortgage the property or dispose of 1t until after the six years have passed.
 Under such conditions a few colonies have been established but altogether the number of foreign settlers is small and of the thousands of families that have come here, those who remain may be numbered on your fingers and toes. | do not believe that there are any great opportunities for North Americans with out capital in Chile. It might be different with those who have money and buy the lands sold by the government at auc- ton. At such sales one-third of the pur- chase price has to be pad immediately and the rest in 10 yearly installments. the place being mortgaged until all Is paid. At the auctions the lands are sold in large tracts, some containing over 1200 acres. The owner agrees to fence the land within three years after purchasing it. He Is obliged to give, free of charge any ground needed for roads built by the government, and he must give rights of way TOT any rallroauS IT required to do so by the state Within 20 years 6.000.000 or 100000 acres have been so auctloned off. and it is said that there are still government lands to the extent of about 13,0oo,000 acres already surveyed that may be disposed of by colonization or by auc- tion in the future. That amount of land would cover territory more than half the size of our state of Ohio.
 In addition to the public lands n re the reservations occupied by the Indians. There are 1S2 of these and they cover altogether good lands to the amount of 100000 acres. There are also lands that may be sold for colonization, and special terms are given to those who
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-11-22

Bordeaux, November 21.-(Special.) Never did the greatness of Joffre shine more clearly than in that black hour near the beginning of the war when 1t became necessary to break the careers of five generals who had shown weakness in their maneuvers. He did not hesitate or compromise. All of them went.
 It has been declared that Joffre is of the school of Napoleon. This must be &C., cepted only with the great reservation that nothing could be further from the wars of Napoleon than the great battles of the Marne and the Aisne. r
 In themselves these battles do not pre- sent anything like the tactical interest of those examples of military skill of 100 years ago. And the aeroplane Is responsl- ble. It sees everything from its elevated vantage point; from 1t nothing Is hid den. It looks behind the screen of cav airy maskin gthe country's front; 1t sees troops on the march or being carried in trains;f 1t notes the numbers of army corps. the proportion of the different arms and all the details of vast machine.
 Thus the art of war has been robbed of that element of surprise which afford ed Napoleon dramatic opportunity for the display of his genius. His object was to discover the weak spots in the enemy s lines. and. lowering discovered 1t. to hurl upon 1t all the forces at his command His success depended upon the speed and sureness with which the great blow could be struck A premature revelation would have spoiled all.
 No Surprises Possible Now
 But a corps of the sort is no longer possible, for a manuever on the one side is met, instantly, by a maneuver on the other. War now consists in series of parallel movements; it's art has changed. It would scarcely be exaggeration to say that 1t does not exist, The two armies turn about each other like boxers in the preliminary phases of fight. The pivot clumsiiy to catch each other at disad- vantage. and that is practically all the art of it..
 The rest is a dingdong battle of resist ence, of marching and counter-marching Anything less like Napoleon's way of making war 1t would be difficult to inn agfpe Joffre cantering from Dunkirk tc opponent looking over your shoulder. He knows when you are flnessing and wher you are playing for an opening In those conditions. how Is 1t possible to gain g brilliant victory by great crushing blows having calculated the psychological mo ment?' .ss
 This is as far from present realities q, Napoleou's canter on his white hors, along the line on ths eve of battle on [