davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-07-21
NORWEC|ANSASK
new LANGUAGE
Are Tired Of the Vocabulary Inn
posed by Danish Conquer0rs

Ever since Norway was conquere'
by the Danes il has been bilngual
or two-language nation, but now tn,
people wish to be free from the IAN
| guage imposed upon them by their con
querors and to adopt in its stead tn,
! "Landsmaal" or modified native speed
| says the Pathfinder.
Landsmaal IL not mere revision OF
! the existing language-Danish-b il
is an entirely different language. In
IL are embodied much of the ancient
Morse of the sagas, and some of the
dialects which have survived among
the peasantry from the days of the
Vikings. 1t was invented by the emf
nent Norwegian philologist. Ivar Aasen,
about the year 1850.
Aasen succeeded so well in produc-
ing musical, poetic language that it
has found much favor with the people
who have adopted it in the schools,
churches, songs, plays and vernacular.
A large part of the popularity of
Landsmaal seems to he due to its pa
triotic significance; il appeals to the
pride of the people i'm the ancient past
when the Viking kings held sway over
a vast amount of territory in North
western Europe.
Recalls Danish Oppression.
On the other hand, the corrupted
Danish, which for more than 500 years
has been the official language of the
country recalls to the minds of the
people the days of Danish oppression,
when Norway was subject to the rule
of her alien king who had robbed her
of independence. For this reason it is
extremely distasteful to them. Indeed,
his Danish birth is said to be the only
ground for the unpopularity of King
Haakon's rule. wise and considerable
though it is. King Haakon, it will he
recalled, was Danish prince. He was
put on the Norwegian throne when
Norway cut loose from Sweden.
The centennial anniversary of Nor
ways independence of Denmark will
be celebrated early next year. At that
time, il is hoped by many of the most
patriotic people. Landsmaal will be
adopted as the official language of the |
and thus signalize the national
rejoicing in honor of the occasion. The |
plan is heartily favored by the press /
md by the majority of the Storthng, |
'r Parliament, and of the people Even |
low commission is at work to the |
md that the new vernacular may be
lecreed at the very beginning of the
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-07-21

Continued on 5th Page, Ord Column.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

street Numbers 1905 and 1922 Cam
pau street. These properties are all
improved; water rent paid until July
LIST. 1914; renting from $500 TO $1,000
per month; all taxes paid. except tax
es for 1914. Will be sold for cash,
subject to present mortgage encum
ORANGES.
Also lot % in Fordham; lot so in
SpringbroOk addition to Mishawaka;
and lot of DubaiPs subdivision of lots
81 70 81 inclusive in DubaiTs Fourth
addition. The last three properties
are unimprOved and unencumbered.
Also there will be sold a mortgage
in the principal sum of 5000 and in
terest from April Sth, 1914; a mort
gage in the principal sum of S244.OO,
and interest from April 9TH, 1914; and
a land contract in the prime pal sum of
$1,44S.4S.
The Trust Co. being ustee of the
estate cannot bid upon these proper
ties, but recommends them to invest
Ors.
Full particulars as to encumbrances,
rentals, leases and other matters may
be had upon application to the under
signed.
Citizens Loan, Trust & Savings Com
pany, South Bend, Indiana--Advt.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
PRESIDENT FAVORS
PURCHASE OF SHIPS
Bill Calling for S25, OOO, 900 Approprl-
alton is Not Yet Com
pleted.
OYaER 1000

WASHINGTON. Aug. 22.-The pres
ident is firmly in favor of the admin
istratiOn bill proposing a $4,000, 600
purchase OF government operated
steamship lines, according to callers
at the white house Friday. Support
ers of the bill in the house are not
worried over the advice on interna-
tional law given by Counsellor Lansin z
Thursday. The subject was discussed
by the president and leaders today
and the opinion is that the United
States has a perfect right to operate
such a line as the welfare of the coun-
try demands il.
Chairman Alexander of the house
day night that he is not yet prepared
to introduce the bill
Il am working on the bill" he said,
but when it is introduced il will be a
tentative measure and shipping inter
ests Will be invited to be heard before
definite action is taken l would like
to see private ship owners put out
enough ships to handle our commerce
III the present crisis. If they fail the
government will have to act"
Collectors Of customs at New York,
San Francisco and other large ports.
according to acting Secy. Sweet of the
department of commerce, have report
ed that number of foreign built yes
sels-probably 100 in all-will apply
for American registry if Pres. Wilson
decides TO suspend certain provisions
of the navigation laws, as he is author
lied to do.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
MACCABEE KNIGHTS
ARRANGE FOR PICNIC
Accept Invitation TO Join i'm Anniver-
sary Celebration at LapOrte
Monday.

An invitation from G. II. Terpany
camp Of Laporte TO attend the 25th
anniversary of that lodge next Mon
day. Aug. "a. was accepted by South
Bend tent No. l. *. q. I. NJ, at their
regular meeting Friday night in Bey-
Ter hall A special car viii be char
tered TO carry the members 10 La
porte.
The annual picnic OF the lodge and
also OF the ladies organization. the
South Bend hive. No. 4. l. .. T. M.
will be held at the farm Of Frank
Bowers. Ave miles west OF the city,
Sunday. Aug. 30.
Following the meeting last night a
watermelon feast furnished by Mr..
Bowers. was enjoyed by over 50 mem
hers. Watermelons are slated 10 be
the principal attraction in the eatable
line at the picnic. according 10 Nj.
Bowers
Several members from the Lake
Vile tent were present at the meeting
and shcS> talks were given By them
and by local members.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
BOOKS ON EUROPE
MUCH IN DEMAND
Library is Getting Many Calls for
Special Books Since the
War Began.

Added interest in historical volumes
especially those relating to the cOun-
tries now engaged IN war. has been no
ticed at the public library since the
outbreak of hostilities. Every book
which treats of the resources. advant-
ages, or disadvantages Of the countries
is eagerly seized upon and read.
The library is we'll supplied with
maps having five large ones issued
since the war began. on the walls and
il is a common occurrence to see a
chair drawn up before them and some
one eagerly scanning them.
Weekly magazines. cdrrent period
Gals and the daily newspapers are
seized Immediately upon arrival and
are thoroughly read in search Of new
items of interest
No list of references on the war has
as yet been prepared at the library
but books can easily be obtained from
the librarian.
The history Of Germany seems TO be
the most popular book since the war
broke out and is read by many VINO
are unacQuainted with the history OF
Alsace- Lorraine. the much-talked OF
province which was lost by France in
the Franco Prussian war. Books on
the Frankie Prussian war are also
much in demand.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
Twenty Gold Chains
With LocketS
For Girls Carrying Dolls
and Decorated Doll
Carriages.
Springbrook Park Baby
Show, Wednesday,
August 18th.

Any doll will do to carry in the
parade - RAG DOLLS, CHINA
DOLLS, TIN DOLLS, WOODEN
DOLLS, RUBBER DOLLS. No mat
ter what kind of doll you have, just
bring it along. Stately wax beau
ties in silks, satins and laces are not
going TO take all the prizes. A little
rag doll that bears evidence of hav-
ing been tenderly fOndled and loved
tells a sweeter story than any other.
Such a doll is a mute testimony Of
the little mothT's love and devotion.
Do not think that YOU cannot 90 into
the parade because your doll is old
and tatteTed. Many a grOwn-up has
an old doll hidden away in some Sc
cret drawer; every little while she
steals up there in the garnet where
she tenderly gaZes at the idol of her
childhood days. II makes her forget
and il makes her remember. The
judges of the doll parade will be
asked 10 consider the story the doll
conveys-the story of love il tells.
Love is the creates thing in the
world, il brands itself on everything:
human hearts possess l. in the
largeN degree. and some more than
others. No matter what kind Of a
doll you have. il is your doll. Carry
il in the parade or ride il in your
doll carriage.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
REAL ESTATE AUCTION.

The Citizens Loan. Trust < Safngs
Company. as trustee of a bankrupt
estate. offers some rare bargains in
real estate. land contracts and mort
cages These viii be sold at auction
on September lst. 1914. beginnins at
ten o'clock a. m. These are all good
properties, must be sold and offer a
good opportunity for persons seeking
investments.
The following properties are offer
ed
Numbers 1881. 1114. 1856 and 1888
Bisseil street. Number 2514 Orange
street. Number 23l3 W. Washington
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
Magical E feet of
NeW Face PoUdeT

To maintain clear. white. youthfui
complexion there's nothing 80 simple To
usr end yet So effective a. ordinary mer-
rt.Ilzed wax. which YOU can get az ans
drug store Just apply the wax az night
IS you would cold cream. IN the morning
wash Ia OF with warm water. II You We
never tried 60 you cans ina CINE the magi-
en- effect II this harmless home treatment
Ia causes the old WORKOUT scarf skin 90
coula On iu minute particles. little al q
time and soon you have entirely shed the
offensive eutirie The fresh young under
kin now ga evidence is - healthy aud
Efrlish looking. 50 free from any appear
ance ~ anihciallty. yOu wonder why You
bad not heard q this marvellous complex
io>n-renewing secret long ago.
Equally magical in IL action IL sim
PIE rinkle-removing lotion made by dis
e8Ivlrg an ounce ~ powdered saXolite In
a hair pint ~ witch hazel. Bathing The
face in this for two or three minutes im-
nee lately Affects every tine and furruw aud
improves facial contour wonderfully
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
STEAM YACHT HELD UP
Government Prevents Tarantula From
Sailing to Canada.

BOSTON. Aug. 22-The steam
yacht Tarantula. sold by w. X. Van
derbilt, jr., 10 j. NJ. L. Ross of Mon
treal who intended TO turn her over
to Canada for use as a scout cruiser,
was held up by the United States
revenue cutter Gresham Thursday
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

and Tin Plate company announced TO.
day that the mills from now on Will
roll five days a week. For months tho
mills have been operating on a basi
Of three days a week. The receipt of
new orders, many coming from Eu.
rope, was responsible for the increase
IN working hours, officials declared.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
Sunday at the Churches

Everyone invited to attend the services in South Bend
churches All seats free Regular well special
announced below Pastors invited by the News
Times management to send the paper outlines of their Sunday
sermons that they may he read by the 10000 NewSTimes
readers in the Monday editions Through this medium the
sermons be addressed congregation which
than Citywide.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
CHRISTIAN.
EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION.

First-Lafayette aud Monroe SITS. J. II.
Evans, pastor. sunday school ct BIS a
m, William Flagle. superintendent
Preaching services a. % 80 "a. m. and 80
p IN. Young Peoples Alliance. 8: 40; Miss
Clara LOckstadt president Prayer meet
ing Tuesday and Wednesday evenings at
:. 80. Choir rehearsal Tuesday evening
after prayer meeting.
Grace-Michigan and Brick avs. Rev.
Daniel ID. Speicher sunday school . 80
a. M. G A. rridie. superintendent: ser
mon at 1880 A. M. Young Peoples meet
Ing at : p. m: service 80 p. m: mid
week service Wednesday. 80 p IN.
Subject, morning sermon. GLORY Of the
Kingdom OF Grace" Y. p \. : p. m,
president. Vera ODell Topic. "LOwly
Service" Leader. Mrs. J. W. Werntz.
Subject OF evening sermon. 'STransf0rma-
tlon' Midweek service and teachers
meeting Wednesday 80 p. m.
MizpRh-Coruer Main and Monroe SITS
Rev. John -soS4er. sunday school 80
q. n +. +. Burgener. superintendent.
sermon at 10 - a. IA. and 80 H. m.
Catechetical classes will meet at 30 D. m.
Y L. A. $50 p. M. Prayer meeting Tues
day and Thursday evenings. Choir practice
Friday night
Preaching az IL ~ by Rev. T. :. Fisher
a former pastor. There will be- no evening
services Prayer meeting Tuesday and
/ Wednesday evenings at 80
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

TRAVERSE CITY.-To prevent
possible glut Of the apple market,
growers in central and northern
Michigan are urging fruit growers to
send windfalls and Trimmings 10 the
cider mill
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

night as she was leaving the harbor
and compelled to return. The COM
mander Of the revenue cutter, pre-
sumably acting under orders from
Washington, was satisfied that her
departure would be a violation Of
neutrality.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
second Church oi ths Rreshren-Cush.
UNITED BRETHREN.

Conference Memorial - preaching 10 IS
and 30. sunday school . so. Christian
Endesvor $50. Midweek SerStN- Wednes-
day rs p. IN
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
EUROPEAN ORDERS OPEN
STEEL MILLS AT GARY

GARY, Ind, Aug. 21.-Oficials of
the Gary mills Of the American Sheet
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
Mrs. Emily Ross Perry, Poet Author

Mrs. Perry, OF s19 18th Avenue, N.
E. Minneapolis, Mimi. is the wife OF
Commander Freeman G. Perry, well
known in G. A. z. and society cir
cles. She is the author Of "Minne-
haha Laughing Water" She says:
Il have tried Peruna and found il an
excellent tonic and cure for catarrh.
1t is good for all catarrhal affections
Of the stomach, and all diseases
leading to consumption. Also for
bronchial troubles. L believe it to be
one OF the best medicines on the
market. Thousands can testify 10 its
cure with the same pleasure that I
can"
Those who object TO liquid med
icines can now procure Peruna
Tablets.
faF0 IN Paeoon;E;ov, nc Cavu.eaa
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
CATHOLIC.

st. Patricks-SO7 s., TaylO- St. Rev.
messe9 at o, 30 a. N. Solemn high
D. m. A sunday schoSl at 3 D M 's Ves ne
At 80 p. m. Meeting Of church societies
at p. m.
1T. Hedwige POIish-Cor Scott and Ma
pier SITS. Rev Anthony Zubowicz, &. :.
G., pastor Low mass at 80: children $
mass at n. H. nigh mass at 10 a. m,
sunday school and benediction at p. m,
vespers at D. IN.
st. stanIslaus' PoIish-415 y. Lincoln ST
Rev. Roman Marciniak, pastor. Mass al
3. 80 and 3 a. m.
st. CasImir's POIish-S21 8 Webster st.
Low mass at : 80; high mass at 10; yes
pers at 2 p. m.
st. AdeIberts Polish-onve ana Grace
SITS Rev. John Kubacki, pastor Daily
mass at s a. m. Holy hour Wednesday
evening at Z 80. Sunday mass 80 and N
a.
st. JOseph-Hin ct. and Lasane av.. Pat
rick j. Carroll. c. 5. G.. pastor Low
a. m. Benediction 3 p. m sunday school
at 80 p. m.
st. stephens observation-disclosures and
Mcpherson SITS. Rev. Alexander Varlaky
pastor. Mass at and 10 :15 a. N. Sun.
day school at ? p. IN. Benediction at :
p. m.
Sacred Heart BeIgIan--1l26 W. Thomas
81. Rev Charles V. Fischer. pastor Mass
at aud 8 80 a. m. sunday school at ? 81
p. m. Benediction at p. m.
Sacred Heart-Notre Dame. low mass al
8 90 a. m. high mass at : 80 a. m, yes
pers at p M.
St Mary's German-4S1 s. Taylor St
Rev J. NJ Sherer. C. s. C., pastor. Mass
at 80 and 10 a. m. Sunday school at $50
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
BRETHREN.

First Brethren Church-12I4 3. Michigan
st Rev A. T.. Thomas. pastor sunday
Sch0O! 30. superintendent. Hartley Fire
stone Morning service 10 80. Christian
Endeavor ESQ p. M Evening service
80
First Church of the Brethren-Mia mi -.
and Indiana Az. Rev. NJ Clyde Horst.
sunday school 80 a. Mems Bible
class In charge Of the pastor. WOmen's
Bible class taught by Miss Cora v. Wise.
Preaching 1890 a. N. and ! 80 p. m.
Seeond Church of the Brethren-Cush-
ing and Van Buren, SITS. Rev. j. q. Crater,
pastor sunday school az 80 a. m r.
r. Berger superintendent Morning
service at 10 20: evening at 10. Christian
workers meeting NJ 6 30 p m; John Aus
tin. president Prayer meeting Tuesday
p. m.
River Park Nisslon--1lOo Seventh ct
NJ Clyde Horst. pastor. Sunday school at
90 T. Il. Emma PuPkey. superinten dent
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
INTERNATIONAL BIBLE STUDENTS

Melville hall 21e $ Lafayette st. sun
day, Aug %, 3 p. m subject. THE Three
Ways" continued p. m, subject '"The
Manner of Our Lords Return and APP
fearing" Wednesday at 40 p. IN, Acts.
IL 23. Friday M 40 p. m, subject, The
Tabernacle Shadows OF the Better Sacri-
fees"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
TEMPLE BETHEL

Temple BETHEL. Lasalle and Taylor sts
Abraham Cronbach, rabbi.
No regular services during the present
month Rabbi Cronbach can be seen by
appointment
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
HungarIan-Corner washington av. an

Cherry st. Rev. B. Bertok pastor.
service at 10 90 "a. m. Nesper service at
> 90 p. m. The church choir had their
picnic Inst week. and tbc Sunday school
expect TO have theirs I'm a couple Of
weeks A welcome FOR ." who speak Hun
Enrian at the preaching services and for
all children who are not in any Sunday
school at our English speaking Sunday
school
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

Fir.,-corner washington av. and La
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
CHURCH OF GOD.

Church Of God services are held I'm Mel
vile, 30 South Lafayette ST Sunday
school az 10 a. m. Mrs Mary Cordray. SUI
perintendent. Bible studT ut IL a. IN.
and { 30 a. m. Mr.. Adams. leader.
Berean meeting on Wednesday evening
at AZ +. South st.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
SEVENTH DAY ADVENTIST.

Seventh Day Adventist services on Sal
urday in Melville hall. Pastor Allen Moo
I'm charge Sabbath school at 80 a. m
preaching service at 10 80
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
SALVATION ARMY.

Mission hall. lis E. Jefferson blvd Ser
vices every night except Monday. Mis-
sion Sunday school at O'Clock every sun
day afternoon, conducted under the aus
pices OF the churches led by Capt. and
Mrs. Conway.
Special meeting in Army hall Saturday
and Sunday nights at 5. Rev. Albert Nc
Clements Of Utica, y. Y, will speak.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22

Z NJ c. A. meetings Will be held every
sunday afternoon. especially for men, In
the auditorium Of the boys building
special speaker will be secured for each
sunday and special music will be furnish
I'D.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-08-22
BAPTIST.

First-MaIn and Wayne sts Rev. Charles
A. Decker. Sunday school $3.50 Preach
Ing at 10. =. q. Chord. superintendent.
Preaching at 1913; b. Y. =. L. at 6:13:
evening services at Z go Prayer meeting
Wednesday. 40 p. m.
Morning sermon by Rev. III. y. Spear,
pastor of the First Baptist church. Shelby
vile. Ind. Before going to Shelbyville
Mr.. Spear was pastor for six years i'm
Elkhart where he made a splendid record
y. y. p. L. at 10 p. m. Prayer meeting
Wednesday 80 p. m.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1914-01-15

you stool pigeon. You did this for
Burke.'
Il swear didn't. | swear it,
Its frameupr" Carson broke in
ferociously. His tones came in dead
ened roar Of wrath.
On the instant, aware that further
subterfuge could he of no avail, Griggs
staggered defiance.
And what if it is true!" he drawled,
with resumption Of his aristocratic
manner. He plucked the police whis-
tie from his waistcoat pocket and
raised it to his lips.
He moved too slowly. Carson had
pulled the pistol from his pocket, had
pressed the trigger. There came no
squirt Of fame. There was no sound
save perhaps a faint clicking noise.
But the man with the whistle at his
lips suddenly ceased movement. trenl-
bled horribly and in the next instant
crashed to the floor. dead.
In the first second Of the tragedy
Dick had not understood. But the fall
| ing Ct Grisgs before the leveled weap-
on Of the other man. there to lie in
| that CHASTITY immobility. made him I'M
| derstand. He lcapcd toward Carson
would have wrenchcd the pistol from
the others grasp. In the struggle it
fell to the floor.
Before either could pick it up Chica-
90 Red called his warning.
"SomehOdy'S opening the front door,
Carson >prang to the octagonal Win
| dow as Dick took possession of the piS
toll.
"The streets empty. We must jump
for it. Come on, Mary" he cried.
Already Chicago Red had snapped
off the lights Of the chandelier. had
{ sprung to the window, thrown open
; panel of it and had vanished into the
night, with Dacey at his heels. AS
Carson would have called out to the
girl again he was interrupted by Dick:
she couldn't make it. Carson he
declared cooIly and resolutely. You
| 60 III take care of her.
IF she's caught There was an
! understandable menace in the forgcr's
! half uttered threat.
she won't be-
"lf she is. III get you, that's ALL
Carson said as he dropped out Of sight.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1914-01-15

voice as he spoke from his knceling
posture beside the body. to which he
had hurried after the summons to his
aids. IN break you for this. Cas-
sidy," he declared tiercely. why
didn't you get here on the run when
you heard the shot
But there wasn't any shot. | tell
you, chief, there hasn't been a sound
Burke rose to his feet. His heavy
face was set in its sternest mold.
you could drive Il hearse through
the hole they made in him." said Cas-
sidy. Burke wheeled on Mary and
Dick. SO he shouted. NOW it's
murder! Well hand it over Where's
the gum" He nodded toward Dick as
he gave his order. Search him.
Dick took the revolver from his peck
ct and held it out.
At this discriminating crisis for the
son the father hastily strobe into the
library. He had been aroused by the
Inspectors shouting and was evidently
greatly perturbed.
whats all this?" he exclaimed.
Burke in a moment like this was no
:especter Of persons.
You can see for YOURSELF lie said
xrimly to the dumfounded magnate.
so" he went on, with somber men
ace in his voice. you did it. young
man." He nodded toward the detec-
tive. well. Cassidy. you can take 'em
both downtown. That's all"
The command aroused Dick to re.
monstrance against such indi%nity to-
ward tie woman he loved.
Not her." he cried implorinSly.
"You don't want her. inspector. This
is all wrong
"Dick." Mary advised quietly, don't
talk. please
What do YOU expect?" Burke in
quired trGc,llently as a matter Of
fact, the things simple enough. young
man. Either you killed Griggs or she
did"
u The inspector with his charge mAie
a careless gesture toward the corpse OF
the murdered stool pigeon. Edward
Glider looked and saw the CHASTITY. i'll
animate heap of flesh and bone that
had once been a man. He fairly reeleG
at the spectacle, then fumbled with an
ioutstretched hand until he laid hold on
a chair, into which he sank helplessly.