davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09

ats long, branching roots penetrate far
down push and 6 crowd InG earn tei isa WIZ
subsoilers These become an immense mag
nzine OH fertility. a. soon as cunt, they be
voir of fertilizing matter below the plows
to be drawn upon by other crops for years
to come"
Alfalfa seed sown during August or Sep
TENDER will yield four to six cuttings next
season. Frequent cuttings thicken out the
stalk and makes it stool out and grow on
Alfalfa ranks higher than Timothy In
feeding value. I'm fact, 1t might be termed
both corn and hay, as it is almost com
feeding value OF Alfalfa hay at $50 per ton,
as against Timothy hay at SD per ton.
This, with the fact that Alfalfa will easily
yield, on good land, 9 to 16 tons OF splea-
did hay pear year, shows what a valuable
crop it IL. Lands in the Western States
that are weII set in Alfalfa sell readily at
Alfalfa ~ increasing very largely all over
the Middle and Southern States; our farm
en- aEe fast beginning to realize what whats
and do well on any good loamy, we'll
drained soil, but the land must BE- well and
thoroughly prepared for best results.
1t should never be used for pasture; It
is too valuable as hay producer to risk
injury from stock. A heavy application of
lime H. of decided benefit-2OO0 to 5000
broadcast at the rate of 20 to 30 pounds to
the acre. Our Alfalfa seed fs the highest
grade, strong terminating seed OF the best
and cleanest quality possible to procure.
We offer American Dry Land Gon-Irrf-
gated Alfalfa Seed, BoIgiano's "Gold"
Brand Fancy, 99.78 Per cent. pure.
If You want the best field seeds or any
kind, always insist on getting Bolgiano's
Gold" Brand Standard Cloverg and
Grasses, Cow Peas, Winter Vetch, Timothy
Seed, Red Clover, Crimson Clover, Al
syke, Red Top or Herds Grass, Orchard
Grass, Winter Oats, Tall Mead Oats Grass,
lillet, Permanent Pasture Mixture, Dwarf
Essex Rape, all varieties OF Turnip Seed,
including Cow Horn, Southern Seven Top,
Yellow Globe, ETC.; Cabbage, Kale, Spin
chant does not sell Bolgfano's Big Crop
Seeds, drop us o. postal and we will tell
you where you can get them.
Write for our Wholesale Summer and
Tall Catalogue for Market Gardeners,
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
1.-THE LOCUSTS,"
"A Fine Farm situated in Freedom
District For Sale.

/ will sell privately the fine farm
known as 1.-THE Locusts" owned by Mrs.
A. r. Gordon-Cunmlng and containing
about 208 ACRES. The Mansion House
was burned this spring. the other i'm
provements consist Of tenant house, the
servant house, shop, two bank barns;
wagon shed, barrack and all other nee
essary outbuildings: About 20 Acres
OF it Is meadow land. Water is pump
Cd by gasoline engine to the buildings.
Plenty Of fruit, shrubbery, &c. 1t is
located abb ut a mile from the new state
road and about four miles from Sykes
vile. Possession can be given at once.
Write or call upon
GUY w. STEELE,
Attorney,
july Ill tf Westminster. Md.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
- u5IOOk
Theo. r. Brown, Solicitor.

At the same time and place the
undersigned administrators of Mary
NJ. Myers, deceased, will sell at public
sale all the following personal prop
erty: bedsteads and bedding, 6-foot
leaf table, 2 small leaf tables, cook
stove, sink, corner cupboard, kitchen
cupboard, bureau, chest, couch, 4
rocking chairs cane seat chairs, 10
kitchen chairs, 2 clocks. sewing ma
chine, stands, mirrors, rs yards
of carpet, lot Of Jared fruit and jelly,
lot OF dishes, potatoes, pie cupboard,
tubs, buckets, benches, axe, wood
saw, garden tools, iron kettle, wheel
barrow, IA cord Of wood, meat bench
and many other articles too numer-
Gus to mention.
Terms OF Stakeholder five dollars,
cash; five dollars or upward credit
OF six months, with interest.
John A. Myers and George G. Myers,
Administrators OF Mary MI. Myers.
VIM. E. Warner, Auctioneer.
Theo. Z. Brown, Attorney.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
NEW FRESH CEREALS AT
KEEFER'S

5kAiNAh AN0S-NAg
1892 l.. Main Street,
Westminster, Md.
Quaker Dat Meal,
Shredded Wheat,
Kellogg's Corn Flakes,
Quaker Corn Puffs,
Schumacher Graham Flour,
Quaker Hominy Grits,
Scotch Pearl Barley,
Mothers Dat Meal,
Pettijohn's Breakfast Food,
Cream OF Wheat,
Grape Nuts Cereal,
Quaker Puff Wheat,
Kellogg's Wheat Biscuits,
Jersey Corn Flakes,
Quaker Puff Rice,
Post Toasted Corn Flakes,
National Dat Meal.
T. o Corn Flakes,
Bull Frog Self Rising Flour.
TRY THEM.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09

Turkey last year produced $4,000
bags OF canary seed
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
PUBLIC SALE!

Wm. IT. Wilson, Auctioneer.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
ALFALFA
The Profitable Hay Crop

Yields Four to Six Cuttings Year Of Easily Cured
and Most Nutritious Hay Wonderful Increases In
Yield Each Successive Year.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1914-10-09
Representative For Tine
Celebrated American Boilers.

West Main Street. c.&P. Telephone ok
WESTMINSTER. MD.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
DR.. DUKE AS HEALTH CHIEF.

Governor Elect Williams has com
plimented Dr. John W. Duke, of this
lcity, by rendering to him the posi-
ton of state superintendent of the
Ipublic health, the place now held by
Doctor Mahr. Owing to the meager
/ salary and manifold small details OF
;he office Dr Duke feels that he can
not afford to accept the place and
give to it the thorough and consist
ent attention which he feels is nee
essary to the discharge OF the func-
tions of the office In that The
Il.eader feels that DR. Duke errs. lie
should accept the place by all means.
Directing the prime affairs Of the
office the Doctor can assign the vex-
atious details to others The office
of health superintendent is one of the
biggest and most important positions
in the state. No branch of the pub
lie veal is so fraught with import
ance as that of the conservation of
The public health In this office Dr.
Duke viii be enabled to carve his
own particular niche And he can
do it, Ile has given his life 10 med
ical research Talented. energetic.
sincere. he is as ultra-progressiye I'm
medicine us in political reform ana
The Leader feels that his administra-
tion OF the department OF health 81
the commonwealth of oklahoma
would rebound TO the glory of the
state. The Leader trusts that Doc
tor Duke will overlook details and
nc,ept the 0ppoiutmnt
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
A TEXAS WONDER

The Texas Wonder cures kidney
and bladder troubles. dissolves gravel
cures diabetes weak and lame backs
rheumatism, and all irregularities OF
the Kidneys and bladder in both men
and women Regulates bladder trou-
bles in children. II not sold by your
druggist viii be sent by mail on re
CENT OF $1,000 One small bottle is
two months treatment and seldom
fails 20 perfect a cure. Send for tes-
timonials from this and other states
Dr. = W Han g92G Olive Street. St
Louis. Mo. Sold by druggists-Adv.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

Ship. TO their minds song birds that
are useful in destroying insect pests
make just as good pot pie as the
scarcer game birds
Luxury loving people are not con
tented with ordinary fowls and meats
Some scarce titbit from the woods is
needed, something inaccessible to
thinner purses, with which they cln
|giye an air of distinction and origin
ality to their feasts The price is
immaterial so long as the dish il
different
Thus in every region where game
birds abound tribe Of pot hunters
has grown up. They turn the birds
that save the crops into mill .onaiIe
hotel dinners. Also they are making
game birds so scarce that a man has
ITO travel hundreds of miles for a lit
tie sport whereas formerly he could
get it on single days nearby OK
cursion. sa d
The wholesale hunting of game has
become a form of monopoly that
should be stopped. What wild life
remains is the property of the com
mon people. The hunting of varie-
ties that save crops should cease, and
the killing of other kinds should be
equally shared.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
THE DEMAND FOR AuMoR.

The deathlso sof Robert 4y. fshrdettc
will be regretted by many people who
have an eye for newspaper humor
Mr.. Burdette did not enjoy the wide
reputation of a Mark Twain, Josh Bill
lings, or Petroleum V. Nasty. But
he turned out for years regular
column that maintained a consistent
sparkle of wit and feeling for the in
congruous phases of daily lfe.
Such a contribution makes no IN
preston on literature and does MT
ordinarily give one place in "Wao's
Who" Yet it may take more origin
ality than to write Six Best Seller
of love and mystery
Jerome k. Jerome once pathetical-
ly remarked that humor is the salt
of life but that even salt should not
be eaten by the spoonful. Critics
may rail at the flatness OF modern
newspaper humor but the editors
have a pretty keen sense of what the
public wants TO buy The average
humorist may need a vacation badly
but if ne is gone the readers miss
him.
From early childhood the Amer
can temperament demands a joke If
you watch the boys in reading roam
YOU viii see them drop the magazine
with the stories of adventure 10 rush
for Life, Puck and Judge
The grown-ups show their prefer
ence when they visit the moving pie
ture show The instructive travel
film giving scenes from far lands
one can never visit is viewed with
faint applause or even Kisses. Mean
while a runaway automobile tippiug
over a fruit stand The repetition OF a
subject seen on the screen "a thous-
and times sets the audience into
roars. though it may lack amy ele-
ment OF legitimate humor.
The press humOrists then. if tney
turn out an average number of
smiles. have a rather secure job. They
may not be Twains or Nasbys or
But they may get more
readers than high haued Washington /
CORES ponjents who's hoinob with /
senators and ambassadors
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
PRESERVING GAME

Every fan. Is the hunters come
back from their tHnrs their hae
seems TO De a little smaller YET
Sporusman's clubs are working s'l
over the country fox rloser. legal res-
ulations. More &she ksardens ara
being employed 70 enforce the laws.
But every few wears sees some sre-
cies extinct that the older people re-
membr as abundant
As population grows the game area
narrows down. Sportsmen take more
frequent and longer vacations. Tie
hunting grounds acquire a larger hu-
man population
There IS a constantly increas.ne
number Of alien residents who speak
no English and do not understand
the game laws. nor good sportsman
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
'rh Ten Years
C,atarrh
Cost Me
A Lot of
Money.
Perurla
lllD Il H.
Promptly
Cured
Me.

Mr. Charles S. Many, 10 Water St.
Ossining " Y. writes Il had ga
aurh for ten years and tried a great
many kinds of medicines which cost
me a lot Of money but did me no
good Instead Of settirE better !
seemed to get worse My eyes were
bloodshot. my nose smelled SO bad
that was ashamed to go in COM
pany. i was night guard at the
prison and | would get so dizzy that
would have to catch hold of some
thing to keep from falling read
about PeruDa in the New York World
and thought i would give it a trial.
Il used about ten bottles. and ! am
cured Of catalrh, and the dizzy feel
ing has left me and | ann not both
cred with it any more. ! keep Peru
ma in the house, and when feel
cold coming on i take little bit OF
it and it does me good M
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
rs " " 70 10 "a - % y N " e " y
y NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC e
~ SOClETYS WAR PRIMER. y.
% % q a. e ~ M q e z. z. q u T. q n

ST. MIHIEL-A French town on the
Meuse river, 20 miles east of south of
Ierddn and 23 miles from the Lor-
raine border, which figured promin-
emily in the quarrels between Louis
XIII. and Charles ", duke of dor
raine. in the 18th century. Charles
had incurred the wrath Of Louis by
harboring French malcontents within
his duchy. BY the Treaty of Vic OF
1881, Charles agreed to desist from
supporting the enemies of France,
but he broke his word and the French
troops took possession of St Mihiel'
Bar-le- due, Pont-a- MoussOn and
Nancy, in 1888 The strong fortiti-
cations and two castles of St Mihief
were completely destroyed by the
royal armies The town dates back
to the earliest period of France, it's
Benedictine abbey having been found
ed in 1903. Between here and Yer
dun is a sepulchre, followed in
hu4e rock in which is a life-sized
fig4re of Christ. The towns present
population is about 1000.
PAPEETE-The principal port and
the capital of the Pacific island
Tahiti. the largest and most import
ant of the French Society Islands.
The government of the French
Oceania possessions is located at
Papeete wich has a population OF
about 5000, more than half Of whom
are French. The town is on the
northwest coast of the island. As
one enters its harbor through either
of its two passages. it presents a.
beautiful view, backed by five noun
tains. The women of Eahii are
among the most beautiful Of the
Pacific. The early Tahitians were
noted for their immortality. a system
atized exchange of wives being one
Of their customs.
TERMONDE A BELGIAN city also <
known as Dendermonde, 10 miles ,
southwest of Antwerp. on the Bender
river near its jmcture with the
Scheldt. The town is known in his
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

tc death, the Father raised Him up to
glory, honor. immortality-far above
angels. principalities. powers.
Because after His resurrection Jesus
was SO different. we are prepared from
this viewpoint to understand why He
conducted Himself so differently after
His resurrectlon-He appeared and dis
appeared. we read. Never before had
He done this After His resurrection
He appeared in different bodies, differ
ent forms, different clothing TO Ma
ry He appeared as the gardener; to
the Two walking to Emmaus, He ap-
peared ms a stranger His clothing had
been parted amongst the soldiers
How evidently He was put to death
in flesh but quickened in spirit! 1t
was the Spirit Jesus who showed Him
self. assuming different human forms
and clothing rs best suited the occa-
sion. This Spirit Being came into the
assemblies of the disciples when the
doors were fastened for fear of the
Jews He created or materialized a
body ana clothing I'm their presence:
and after few minutes He vanished.
dissoving the body and the clothing.
while He. the Spirit, remained invisi-
hle Thus He was with the disciples
for forty days before He ascended:
vet they saw Him not. except for "A
few minutes az time on seven differ
eut occasions
Those forty days were very neces-
sary 10 teach two great lessons:
CD That He was no longer dead. but
alive:
C2) That He was no longer a man,
but a spirit-2 Corinthians 3.l7.
The Importance Of the Resurrection.
These facts are clearly established
by St PauIs narrative OF his own ex-
ocriences. He explains that II was
le'e.7ary that the twelve Apostles
should be able 10 bear witness 10 Je
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

'-'''y 'o-'" the sleeping bill
lions OF the deads All this the Apostle
forcibly calls 20 our minds.-1 Cor.
lj:12-19
Evidently St Paul in no way shared
the views of those who unscripturaly
claimed that Jesus while dead was
really alive. and that the resurrection
OF the dead is a mere formality. quite
unnecessary 10 the carrying out OF
Gods Plan The Divine teaching is
that "the dead know not anything"
and that the resurrection is absolutely
necessary 70 any future life
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
Our Lord No Longer Human.

flesh, but quick
ened, or made
alive. in spirit. q
Peter 3:1S0 He
took the human
nature IN erely
for the great pur-
pose of giving
mans re d e IN p
tion price; n II d
Il { ter He had
laid down { b a {
ransom price by
giving Himself up
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
Ut IT BRDKEYN -
INlLABERNACLE)
49, BIBLE STUDY. on ~
THE RISEN CHRIST.

1E hlSEN Of1 Hlo !.
dark 1918; Matthew %; II -t5-Dec. 6.
"Why seek ye the LiUiH0 amongst the deddg
he is not here. but risen."-Lake 24:5, g.
%gMw HE resurrection OF the dead will
be the greatest manifestation
" Of Divine Power ever made to
angels and to men. The awak-
nning of Jairus daughter. of the wild
ow of Mains son. and Of Jesus friend
| Lazarus are nowhere styled resurrec-
/ tiOns Of the dead they were merely
/ awakenings. the last Of these being
! the most wonderful, because Lazarus
! had been dead four days and putrefac-
/ ton had set in
The resurrection promised in the Bi-
Bile will bring back the personality and
the consciousness Of billions of hu-
manity who have died under the Di-
vine sentence, Dying. thou shalt die"
Dust thou art. and unto dust shalt
thou return" There could be no res
urrection-nO escape from that Divine
sentence-eXcept in the way that God
has arranged namely, that our Lord
Jesus took the place of the original
sinner. Adam. purchasing him and all
his race back from the death state.
Fallacions ideas have gone abroad to
the effect that it will be merely the
body that will be resurrected-that
God will collect from the four winds
every particle of dust which once com
posed the body. and will reorganize
the race ont OF the same particles
which formerly composed it. The alb
surdity nf this thought grows upon us
rs we consider that the bodies of
the dead have more or less gone into
vegetation. etc. The difficulty has
been tina we lost sight of the Biblical
declaration that it is the soul that dies.
Ezekiel 1874, 20) Our bodies are
every seven years. 1t is the
soul that dies, that has been redeemed
and that is to be resurrected.
Our Lord No Longer Human.
Christ, as the Logos, was living
soul. being, on high spirit plane For
mans sake He humbled Himself
took a bondsman's form" philip !
plans 2:7, 81 AS human soul, or be-
ing, He died-"poured out His soul |
unto death, made His soul an Offer |
ing for sin"-Isaiah 53:10-12
1t was Jesus the soul that died, but |
He was raised from the dead soul of a
higher order. At that time, as He fore /
told. He ascended where He was be
fore, that IS, He was put to death in !
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
Olsrr1ithiisrr1s

First Wheat then Cottonha there market
within the that all
tiles
%
products will be worth times their present value before peace
declared And
selling Oklahoma
will he well pleased ROBIN HOOD
Shells box 2 6 and 20 Drop the latest
Winchester Iammees Shot
NGERSOLI WATCHES $10O SAFETY RAzORS $O0 PLAYING
CARDS Shooting Licenses Electric Flash
lights, batteries
FOR perfectly good oden) for $1,000
Bathroom Well Cstern line
of block About
OLSMITH ARMS CO. Guthrie. Okla.
e1se, Phone 1913 Itl 4GE, &p
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

George and William are each won
dering what the other Will give for a
Christmas present, with the hope OF
performing the usual custom of re-
spending with an equivalent
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28


down the cellar stairs.
"Oh" she exclaimed as the light
was snapped on in the vegetable
cellar. q should say it was an agrl-
cultural exhibit"
These tomatoes, Mrs Fischer
pointed to the vines hanging on the
cellar walls, are ripening faster
than we can eat them. We pulled
the vines up just before the heavy
frost came. All these vines grew
along the back fence and were fast
ened up with strips of leather. cut
from old shoes, so they took very
| little room in the garden"
How large is your garden?" asked
her friend.
The lot is 40 feet wide 1t ex
tends across the entire end and is
fifteen or twenty feet deep. John
spaded it all himself and had load
of sand and load Of manure put on
it. The manure lay on it all winter
and was spaded in the spring.
These are our carrots in this box
buried in sand to keep them from
whitening. Here is the satisfy and
these are beets. They keep so fresh
that way" said Mrs. Fischer with
evident pride.
THAT is a fine idea I never heard
of that before. Those big cabbages
take my eye. Why do you have
them hung up?7 and Mrs. Bassett
pointed to- a row of solid heads
strung by their roots on a wire.
They Keep better that way an
sweredsM Mrs Fischer. "Here are the
cauliflower and the turnips."
"They are certainly fine What Is
in this bushel basket?" asked Mrs.
Bassett J
Those are our dried beans. John
says he will shell them evenings
while l read to him. There are all
the beans we can use this winter and
we are fond of baked beans. too. Il
must show you my canned vegeta
hles, and Mrs. Fischer led the way
TO the fruit cellar. "All these string
beans we raised and we lived on
them while they were in season. The
children are so fond of them. did
not can any peas. We kept two rows
going clear across the garden. One
was planted two weeks after the
other. The row furnished peas for
about two meals, then was pulled up
and more seed put in. We had our
first peas the last of June"
Did you raise any corn?' asked
her friend
Not this year. 1t takes so much
room. | should like to have corn
and plant lima beans to run up the
stalks to save polling, but in a city
one can't have everything"
i am sure, said Mrs. Bassett ad-
miringly it must have meant a great
deal OF work"
1T did, but John says he enjoys
Il more than tennis or golf and it
saves money instead of costing
money. We find our living expenses I
greatly reduced by this garden" and
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28
THE WIFE'S MONEY
By Mrs. Eva Leonard

Before you 90 want you to come
to the cellar and see what John calls
the agricultural exhibit said Mrs.
Fischer as her caller prepared TO
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

Rural papers in England are telling
how the young men "have forged to
the 'front.' The impression over here
is that they have been forced to the
front
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

Mrs. Fischer pushed the button to
turn off the light and they ascended
the stairs. 3I
"I am going to ask George to come
and see your exhibit Perhaps | can
get him interested in q garden said
Mrs. Bassett, as she took her leave.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

Reports from the 'front.' ara fire.
W quently characterized "as seen by an
eye Witness Thtt would Lead one
to infer that the witness was right
there
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

sus resurrection
There could have
been no Gospel
Message Of hope
Of Divine favor
through a dead
savior Had
Christ not risen.
who would es
tablish the Mes
sianic Kingdom
and cau forth
from the tomb
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

tory because of the drastic action OF
its inhabitants in 1867 in repelling
Louis XIV. AS he approached the
town the citizens opened the dikes
and flooded the country and Louis
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

Those who Stdle the pessinlistic
view that Christianity must suffer be
cause of the war might reflect that it
was not Christianity. but aaclS Of it,
that made the war possible
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

If the Federal Reserve Bank is
more reserved than the kind without
the name there still isn't a chance
for the fellow without security,
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

leave. you see
he has always had
a garden to take
care of and thor
oughly enjoys it.
and it is the finest
kind of exercise,
he says"
Il never could
get George inter
ested in a garden
b Il t | t h in X i {
would be such a
saving and then
your vegetables are
so fresh and nice,
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1914-11-28

:. '''aD funke,y now promises not to expel
-, the Russian jews. Even in Russia
.... the Jews are treated with considera-
tion since the war began