davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

X"1 HEN it became known that gold
 NA/ had been found in large quanu-
 " ties in California, in the latter from every section of the country. This brought to the little town of San Fran cisco characters from every walk of life naturally more of the rough and adven- turous element, and it was not long be- fore a reign of terror was inaugurated In order to control conditions, the citi- zens were compelled to form themselves
 into a vigilance committee. This body, unable to control the situation led to the formation of a still more respectable organization known as the law and order men.
 Conditions had finally gotten to that state wherein it was necessary to make an appeal to the United States govern ment and finally by Governor Johnson himself, to the President at Washington. On June B. 1856, Johnson issued procla- nation declaring the county of San Fran cisco in a state of instruction. His proc
 la nation also ordered the vigilance com mittee to disperse. An open collision with the state authorities seemed now immi- nent. At the time the governor was much under the influence of Chief Justice Terry of the state supreme court the most ac- tive of all the foes of the committee. The outrageous and violent supreme judge could mot bear to see the law set at naught. On June 21 he interfered with an attempted arrest which some of the vigilance committee police were making, and his interference led to a personal en- counter between himself and one of these police, Hopkins by name.
 In the scuffle Judge Terry drew a knife and stabbed Hopkins. The alarm bell was sounded, the whole general committee was called out Judge Terry was arrested and taken to the fortress on Sacramento street amid tremendous popular excitement. Hopkins meanwhile lay seriously but not fatally wounded.
 The arrest of Judge Terry put the vigilance committee in a very difficult position. If Hopkins would die, would they hang Terry? To hang a supreme judge ms an act involving certain ob- vicusly embarrassing responsibilities, and 1 if. as later actually proved to be the case, Hopkins should not die, the case would be most complicated one. The friends of Judge Terry did everything in their power to procure his release.
 | He was finally placed on trial At first
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

ficiency of the military forces. At that time General Porro refused to accept the post of minister of war unless increases in military expenditures be authorized and Lieutenant General Grandi assumed command. The Italian army originally grew out of the old Piedmontese army with which the unification of Italy was accomplished. That army after many
 hard fought battles with Austria united
 the whole peninsula under Victor Elm
 manuel H.
 Italy also has fairly large navy. It comprises about 19 battleships. 10 armored cruisers, 13 protected cruisers, IT torpedo
 boats about 30 torpedo boat destroyers
 and about 20 submarines. Incidentally, Italy was the first Mediterranean power to begin the construction ot battleships of the dreadnaught type.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
Beleinns Celebrated Gun Makers

''The Belgians are noted as gunmakers, D said Percy Clark. 'and they have al times flooded the market of the world with cheap shotguns, commonly known as pot-metal.
 '"The Belgians know how to use guns, 1t appears from the record they have made at Liege, where they very nearly annihilated three German regiments. Liege is noted for it's gun factories and iron works. The results of the first con f1ict shows you never can tell Napoleon said God was on the side of the heaviest artillery, really sacriligious speech. Elm peror William of Germany, by some di- vination, seems to think that he could make a modern Armageddon-'battlin for the Lord'-on French and Belgian soil One thing is certain, that the Elm peror will find his present task no Tar tarin of Tarascon undertaking; he cannot buster and strut and longer shoot ina g. mary foes. He is up against blood and iron. manhood, courage and skill the equal of anything the Germans can bring to the worlds combat Of armies and navies, on
 land or sea. under the waters and in the very heavens themselves, as witness the clash of airships and the failure of the Germans to reach Paris
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

scientious ruler and has done so much for Germany, his admirers say, that it will be regarded as great pity that he should be saddled with the blame for war that threatens to devastate Europe.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
The War and Trade

Henry Clews in his Saturday review, says in part:
 ''At the moment the most serious effect of the war upon ourselves. outside of financial circles. Is the utter demorali- zation of foreign commerce and its hand maid foreign exchange. Our cotton. our grain and our oil, which constitute a large portion of our exports are praoti- cally blocked. Yet somehow or other Eu- rope must have these .products. or suf-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

BEGINNING THE DAY-He1p me In my business today. 0. Lord. Give me firmness without unkfndness. re- sourcefulness without dishonesty, ambition without avnrice, earnest ness without anxiety. May l reJofce in the privilege of work. May l seek contentment rather than great gain. May I do nll after counsel with my senior partner, God. In rhrisf,s pnme. Amen.-H. M. E.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Hold your cotton," is the advice to the farmer. But at the present time such advice is needless He has to hold it until there Is somebody to buy it. There is big crop and when the mar to make money for the man who pro- duced the bales.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
To Continue Investigations

The United States department of com merce announces that Commercial Agent Ralph M. Odell expects to leave the United States about August 22, to con continue his investigations of the cotton goods trade abroad. His itinerary will include British India. the Dutch East Indies Straits Settlements. Siam and pos sibly southern China.
 The departments circular says MT Odell will be at the New York office of the bureau of foreign and domestic com merce, room 315, custom house. August 10 to 20, in order to give American cotton goods manufacturers and export CTS an opportunity to confer with him and offer suggestions which will con tribute to the value of his investiga- tions. Communications may be sent tc him, or appointments for interviews made by telephone, at the above address,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

The Koenigin Luise, the Germin mine layer which was sunk by a British tor. pedo boat destroyer, had until recently been engaged in the prosaic business oi bringing immigrants to our shores.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Eaves dropping by wireless has proved the salvation of several big ocean liners that would have been rich prizes, had they fallen into the hands of the enemy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
IN HOTEL LOBBIES
New orleans Visitor

Business in New Orleans is somewhat quiet at the present time. but there is considerable activity in the building trades" said J. P oLeary, manager of the Jefferson Construction company. "The bubonic plague has been virtually stamped out. and the fact that we have had a general rat killing gives general satis- faction.
 Several years ago Birmingham was my home. I pay frequent visits to this city, and each time l am here l remark hand some Improvements. I have had the good fortune to secure some important contracts in Birmingham. My company was the contractor for the Masonic tenn pie at the corner of Nineteenth street and Sixth avenue.
 "On a former visit the Jefferson County Bank building of 25 stories was in course of construction, and now that it is com pleted I am admiring it greatly. It is, indeed, magnificent building"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Long Island doctor claims to have discovered a new disease which he calls 'autofearitis." The average pedestrian
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Jack Johnson wants to join the French army. Nothing like a storm of protest is heard in this country.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Lord Beresford and Winston Churchill have buried the hatchet. The whole Brit sh empire Is pulling together now.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Americans in Paris have recovered from their panic. About 5000 of them have decided to stay and "see the fun,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Socialists in Germany who don't want to be shot had better keep their mouths shut.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Servia sees chance now to get in some good hard licks while Austria has her hands full.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

Mrs. Woodrow Wilson was a good wife and good mother. and that is even better than being the first lady of the land.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

The cup race has been postponed and Sir Thomas is thus enabled to "save his bacon"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

If Mrs. Pankhurst will enlist as a Red Cross nurse. all will be forgiven.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
FOR AMERICAN, sTyIEs

It will probably be long time before tn Car and the Kaiser kiss again,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10
WAR ECHOES

New York Sun: Probably the trade
 which has received the hardest blow from the war is that of the drug and chemical dealers These dealers and also manufac- turers whose very existence depends upon
 uninterrupted trade with foreign coun- tries, have been caught short and are now scrambling to cover In the last few days prices of all drugs chemicals and essential oils have jumped from 20 to 100 per cent.
 In many instances the situation is made even worse by the fact that drug brokers and importers refuse to quote flat rates. They will give nominal figures, but will not guarantee delivery. There is hardly mediate effect of the scarcity and rise in price, and not until there is some sem blance of maritime surety will the situa- tion be relieved
 Early fall is the season when drug and chemical and particularly essential oil imports are heavy. The largest importa- tions of French and Italian oils, many of them used in perfume and toilet prepa- rations and perfumery itself are made about this time. Orders placed for the fall trade abroad were just beginning to be fl led when the tie-up of ocean traffic came.
 Stocks are also abnormally low, be- cause trade conditions for the past six months have been so unsettled that dealers and brokers have hesitated to keep on hand even the small normal supply. Every one thought the tendency of prices was downward and held off buying. The large drug and chemical houses are conserving what supplies they have
 and doling them out to meet immediate demands.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

New York Special to the Cincinnati En- quirer: When the movement of gold from this country to France and London was at it's height there came from Washington report that $s00000 in freshly mined gold had been received from Alaska. It was thought worthy of special comment, because the amount was larger than had before been received at one time from the Alaskan gold fields
 Occasionally reference was made to the receipt of this gold when the question was asked How much longer can the United States afford to ship gold to Europe and what sum will be regarded as an amount in excess of the safety line? It was said that we are likely to receive from Alaska in 12 months approximately s2O,OoO.OO0 of gold. We are also likely to mine in the present calendar year and in the United States proper an amount which, with the Alaska gold, will bring the total for the year up to about ssO,0oo,OOO. perhaps a lit- tie more.
 If there be deducted from the figures which show the total amount of gold ex. ported within 12 months the figures which show the total amount imported in that time, then it will be found that our fresk supplies of gold. newly mined within the past 12 months more than make good thu amount of our exports
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-10

New ork Tribune: We of the western hemisphere may be excused If we indulge a bit in pharisaical thanksgiving between
 gasps over Europe's convulsions. Mili- tarism pointed with age-long quarrels and imperialistisc greed is not our vice, we | may thank our stars. Democracy, how ever imperfect of realization at some | times, and in some quarters is yet the consciously expressed ideal of all peoples ! and governments from the Klondike to Cape Horn.
 But now is good time, also, to rel
 member to what we owe the almost com plete divorce of the new world from the | poisonous tyrannies and rivalries of the 1 old. Of late the Monroe doctrine has come l in for no small amount of ridicule on l both sides of the water and it's abandon l'ment has been advocated for years by men l with a reputation for thoughtful wis 1 dom. Yet to what else do we owe the l from the necesoity of military participa. tion in this greatest of wars? Suppose
 Mexico were now dominated by flaps | burg. Suppose South and Central Ameriea
 and the West Indies were divided among
 the great colonial powers. The inevitabl,
 result would be an embodiment of thi. | hemisphere, as in the old French wars before our own revolution. Today onl, l Canada is affected directly, and she only
 so far as her obligation goes to suppl, the mother country with help on the other 1 side. She does not have to watch hel
 neighbors or plan offensive or defensive measures against them.
 l No, we of the Americas, with all oul revolutions and minor bickerings. ma,
 give thanks we are not as the nations O. Europe; we may give thanks that 90 year.
 ago certain far-seeing and courageous
 idealsts in Washington constituted thi.
 country the guardian at the gate of west ern autonomy and democracy. Before thi.
 war is over we think the Monroe doctrin,
 will have more friends than ever be 1 forfe.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-03-29

Auer method. The end OF the catheter was
connected with foot bellows or small cleo
trio blower
g.. The abdominal wall was opened on the
middle line from the sternum to the pubs.
The abdominal viscera were wrapped In
Japanese silk towel sterilized in vaselin, and
were pushed up into the upper part Of the
abdomen. Branches of the mesenteric artery
were ligated and cut. and the small intestine
was prepared for section at a short distance
from the large Intestine. Then 1t was sew
cred after having been ligated, and was eau
terized with carbolic acid. The aorta and vena
$cava we're exposed near the point of their
bifurcaton ligated, and cut. The ureteral yes
sells we're ligated and the ureters we're sew
ered When the bladder had to be kept the
ureters and their vessels were dissected as
far as the posterior part OF the bladder. The
bladder itself was isolated from the surround
ing tissues the urethra was cut after having
been lgated and the bladder was raised to
the level OF the kidneys Then the aorta and
vena cava were isolated from the abdominal
wall and their posterior branches we're tied.
The peritoneum surrounding the kidneys was
dissected and cut All the small VESSELS unit
ing the aorta and the yena caya to the poste-
rior part OF the abdomen we're also lgated and
cut The splanchnic nerves were cut and also
the pillars of the diaphragm. Then the abb
dominal viscera, being completely separated
from the abdominal wall, were wrapped in a
Japanese silk towel They remained united
to the animal by the aorta and vena cava and
their circulation was still active.
g. A transverse incision was made In the
third or fourth intercostal space (spaee be-
tween the ribs). The mammary arteries we're
olamped Then the costal carriages were cut
on the right side Of the sternum, and the
thorax was widely opened. The diaphragm
was severed at a short distance from the
thoracic wall, and artificial respiration was
established It consisted Of a current Of afr
introduced into the trachea by means Of
catheter and interrupted about sixteen times
every minute. The lungs and the heart we're
protected by a Japanese silk towel, impreg
mated with vaselin. Then the innominate ar
teries OF the carotid arteries we're ligated and
cut. The superior vena cava and the azygos
vein we're also tied and cut After a few min
utes the animal died. but the heart continued
to pulsate. The yagus sympathetic. and
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-03-29

phrenic nerves were severed. Then the
pleurae were cut on each side of the thoracic
aorta. All the posterior branches OF the
thoracic aorta were clamped by means OF
small GENTLE hemostatic forceps and cut close
to the thoracic wall, Generally the heart pull
stated weakly and the blood pressure was low
The lungs and the abdominal organs were pale
and no pusations could be seen in the small
arteries In some experiments the heart
stopped pulsating entirely.
4. Then the thorax and abdominal yiscera,
united by their blood vessels, were removed
from the cadaver Of the animal and placed
In a tray containing Ringer solution at
temperature OF about 101 degrees Fahrenheit,
In such manner that the lungs foated on the
surface OF the fluid and the heart was sus-
pended underneath in the LIQUID. When this
position was reversed and the heart was placed
above the lungs the circulation was somewhat
impaired. The temperature Of the Ringer So
luton was maintained constant by means OF
an electric pad placed under the tray, or sim
ply by the addition from time to time Of
Ringer solution at the right temperature
Ordinarily the heart still pulsated slowly
and regularly, but the blood pressure was low
and the appearance OF the organs anemic.
After few minutes the blood pressure began
to RISE and in few cases became almost nor
NAL Generally Il remained low and some
times the heart entirely ceased beating.
Then TRANSMISSION was made from the caro-
It'd artery OF the first animal to the inferior
vena cava or abdominal aorta OF the visceral
organism. When the pressure was very low
or when the pulsations OF the heart had com
petely stopped the TRANSMISSION was made d.
rectly through the aorta, In order to re-estab-
ish Immediately a normal circulation through
the coronary arteries. The heart started al
most Immediately TO puisate normally. AS the
condition Of the heart improved the transfu-
sion was made through the inferior vena cava.
II was possible in that way TO inject quickly
a large quantity OF blood into the visceral or
ganism. Immediately after the TRANSMISSION
the lungs became pink, the heart beat strongly
from 100 to $50 times minute, and the blood
pressure often rose above normal The abb
dominal aorta pulsated violently and strong
pulsations could be seen In the arteries OF the
the ovaries
Peristaltic contractlons Of ths stomach and
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-03-29

separated organs being put to practical use
for the study of several problems.
The method consists In removing asepti-
cally the abdominal and thoracic organs OF an
animal and in preserving the organs in an in
cubator at a temperature of 101 degrees Fab
renheit while the lungs are being artihcially
ventilated. The operations we're performed on
both cats and dogs, but more often on cats
The animals were ethertzed.. and killed while
they were still under the influence Of the
ether. Aseptic technique was employed and
the same general rules were observed as In
complicated thoracic or abdominal operations
Two animals were used for each operation;
the first one was prepared for TRANSMISSION, and
from the second the yiscera were taken. The
first animal was etherized, the hair on the an
terror part of the neck was removed with
sodium suphide, and the skin was washed
with alcohol and sterilized with iodin. The
neck was opened by longitudinal incision and
one Of the carotid arteries was dissected and
opened after the circulation had been inter-
supted by q serre fine Ca tiny forceps) The
blood was washed out from the lumen Of the
vessel with Ringer solution, and the end of
glass cannula about thirty centimeters long
was introduced and fixed by means of a circu-
lar ligature into the lumen Of the artery. The
cannua was not parafrined and no oil was
used, on account Of the danger Of fat en-
bolism of the coronary arteries Of the second
animal Then the animal was kept etherized
until It was time to transfuse the blood TO the
second animal
The second animal was etherized and the
skin on the anterior part Of the neck, thorax,
and abdomen was shaved and sterilized by
means Of the technique previously described.
The operation comprised four stages
/. long incision was made in the middle
line from the upper part Of the neck to the
lower part Of the abdomen, and the skin was
dissected on each side of the line of incision.
The trachea was dissected, and the esophagus
was isolated. ligated, and cut under aseptic
precautions. In some cases catheter was
introduced into the esophagus as far as the
stomach, and fixed IN such a way as 70 pre-
vent any infection. Then the trachea was cut
transversely and a curved glass cannula was
inserted into its lumen and fixed by two circu-
lar llgatures. gum catheter was introduced
into the glass cannula and the trachea as far
IS The bifurcation, according to the Neltzer-
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-03-29
RecentP Progress in Keeping Organs the Body

OF the intestines were observed The spleen,
which was Blush assumed its normal appear
ance After a few minutes all the viscera
were apparently normal. Then a careful
hemostasis of the posterior branches of the
thoracic aorta was made and all the f0rceps
were removed. II was important to ascertain
that no hemorrhage. even one from very
small vessel, was taking place II a few min
utes after the TRANSMISSION the pressure was
still above normal certain quantity Of blood
was allowed to flow from the lower part OF
the abdominal aorta. Then the appearance OF
viscera exactly resembled that Of normal
animal.
5. The visceral organism was placed in
tin box filed with Ringer solution, and Gov
cred with Japanese silk and protected by
glass cover. Tha-trachea and esophageal
tubes we're fastened to proper openings in the
anterior part OF the box The intestine WAS
pulled through a glass and rubber tube fixed
in the posterior wall OF the box. The end Of
the intestine was fixed by circular suture to
the edge Of the rubber tube, an artificial anus
being made. The box was put into an incuba-
tor at a constant temperature Of about l01 de-.
grees Fahrenheit Artificial respiration was
carried on by a current OF air interrupted
about twelve times minute The compressed
air was furnished by means of an automatic
electric apparatus pumping air into a tank,
from which 1t was given TO the animal under
the proper pressure Dr. Metzer kindly ex-
amlned the respiratory conditions IN these ex-
periments and showed me how a proper ventii
latlon OF the lungs cOuld ne Obtained. his al
vice contributed in a large measure to the
rapid success Of the work. Water or food
could be injected into the stomach through
the esophageal tube.
1t was then observed that during the hours
following the operation the viscera had the
same appearance as those Of living animal.
The contractions OF the heart and the circula-
tion Of the organs were apparently normal.
Pulsations could be seen In the smaller
branches OF the mesenteric artery. The intes-
tine emptied itself through the artificial anus
by means Of regular peristaltic contractions.
When the intestine was empty, bile and intes.
final juices we're evacuated In an experiment
in which the stomach was full Of meat at the
time OF death. digestion took place. Dr. Van
Slyke found that at least 30 per cent OF the
amino acids injected into the intestine was