The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-01-18
ROAD BUILDING
IN OLD VIRGINIA
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Pagc.)
square yards had been surfaced. Tho
work was done by contract. and tho
grading and culvcrt work had been
finished before the macndamizing was
started. Twenty four days were lost
owing to bad weather and twenty seven
and onc-half days from other causes
The land adjacent to the road is hilly,
and the soil IL yellow clay. The max
imum grade is per cent and the min
imum IL per cent. Limestone, which
was used for the aurfacing was put on
In three courses. having respective
depths. measured loose OF six inches
three inches and three quarter inch
and Il total compucted depth OF six and
three eighths Inches. Surfacing ma
tcrial to the amount OF les cubic
yards was used and of this 1.O05 cubic
yards was local stone. while 293 cubic
yards was purchased and brought by
rail Tho local stone was quarried and
transported fifty feet TO the crushcr by
means OF u tram car. After crushing
1t was stored In bins having capacities
of nifty, thirty and twenty cubic yards
and loaded directly into stat bottom
wagons and dump cars of approxi-
Hatcly IL cubic yards capacity.
The wagons were drawn by teams
and the dump cars by Il traction en-
CINE. The average haul from tho
crusher 10 the road was four miles
The stone that was shipped was hauled
seventy miles by rail Water was piped
900 feet for the cursher and haul
ed ono mile for the roller and sprinkler
a vitrihed clay pipe culvcrt at sta
tlon 9xo0 was broken during the
surfacing, having been placed too
near tho surface. In replacing II
twenty-six feet of elghteen-inch pipe
and TWO and onc-half cubic yards of
forty-tivc and three quarter tons of
fuels wero used aud fourteen tons by
the roller. The explosives used at the
quarry cost s1ls92
Tho equipment consisted OF crush
GER and engine having a. capacity OF $50
tons per tenhour day, slat bottom
wagons. n sprinkler, roller. hand
tools. etc. and n traction engine was
hired at $40 per ten-hour day, Labor
ana teams cost, respectively. s0.15 and
$3.50 per hour. and fuel cost sl.75 per
The total cost of the work was
s3.63o.22, which is at the rate Of
$o837 per square yard. The principal
items of cost Were: Shaping the sub
grade. S37413; replacing the culyert q,
station nine, s55.53; surfacing mate
iial, s36625: quarrying, Se5l.o5: crush
ing, s25i.o6; hauling the stono TO the
rond, Sss2.35; spreading tho stone,
$1,000: sprinkling, sll2.35; rolling,
$3.50: and loading stone ut the car.
$500.
The Why 1t WINS Done.
This work was resumed on April
is. 1919. and the project was entirely
completed on July IL. 1913. During
this period nve days were los, on ar
count OF unfavorable. weather and two
days from other causes. The last sec
lion surfaced had not been graded
throughout its Length as the section
above described had. on this part the
lnaNimum cut was one and onc-hulf
lect and the maximum fill three feet;
tho maximum grade remained per
cont. as on the old road. The land adj
!accht To this section Is billy and the
Aoii Is shale clay underlain by {, bed
OF blue mari. In grading. the earth
w1s loosened with plows, hauled with
drag scrapcrs and spread by hand Be
tween stations forty-thrce and fifty-
four by ten the foundation was of
AN inferior character Subdrainage was
therefore provided hy digging :; ditch
along The gutter and filling part OF IL
with Sandstone and part with lime
stone and laying lille drain ia the re- /
naindcr. Cross drains were construct
ed every twenty-five feet between the !
'poNc stations. Other necessary drain !
before the work began. The equipment
was the same az that used on the iirst
section described above
The average haul for the excavation B
Was 200 feet and III. maximum haul I
was 800 feet The average haul from
tho crushcr TO the road was three ana /
one half miles. The surface of this
section was constructed entirely OF To-
cal limestone having good binding /
qualities and fair wearing qualities |
Material was hauled In slat-bot- I
tom wagons OF ono cubic yard ca
nacity and dump wagons of two cubic \
Yards capacity. ana by means of the
tractor outft
The road was surfaced for 1900 feet
10 the following widths: Twenty ION,
icet wide for lilo feet, sixteen feet
wide for 1850 feet and twelve feet
wide for 700 feet, making a total sur
raced area of 1868 square yards. II
was necessary to grade the road for
n distance OF 800 feet to a width OF
thirty feet in cuts and twenty-five
tcct in fills. making q total graded
area OF l.4s9 square yards. The sur /
facing material was spread In three
courses. which, when measured loose,
were. respectively. six inches three
inches and one inch deep. The total
compacted depth was six inches The
material used IN the first course rang Il
cd In size fo