davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
AT THE BAR OF JUSTICE.

The New York World discusses the
proposed government prosecution Of
the New Haven officials as follows
President Wilson has been very
patient with the directors of the New
Haven Railroad.
Attorney General McReynolds has
been more than patient
"As a reward for the administra
tons efforts to help bring about a
peaceable solution of the New Hav-
ems difficulties with the United
States government under the Sherman
law, the president and the attorney
general have alike been tricked by
directors who deliberately broke their
solemn agreement with the depart
ment of justice.
''In ordering the attorney general
to institute dissolution proceedings
and to submit the criminal aspects
OF the case to federal grand jury,
Mr.. Wilson describes the conduct OF
the New Haven's directors as "neX-
plicable and entirely without justfi-
cation This, in the circumstances
is very moderate criticism.
Nobody can read the correspond
ence submitted to the president by
Mr.. McReynolds without feeling that
the administration has been more
than generous in its efforts to help
the directors eXtricate the road from
its plight. The administration re-
ward is broken pledges and repudiat-
ed agreements. The directors of the
New Haven have evidenced the same
kind of bad faith toward the govern
ment that they evidenced toward
their own stockholders. They have
been false stewards of their word as
well as false stewards of their trust
There is only one course for the ad
ministration to pursue, and the presi
dent has ordered it without hesita
ton. The responsibility for this ac
ton rests upon the New Haven di
rectors, and upon the malone,
THE World hopes that Mr.. Nc
Reynolds treatment of the crimina
aspects of the case will be as reso
Lutte as his treatment of the civil as
poets of the case. We can conceive
of no more wholesome influence upon
railroad management, upon Wal
street finance and upon the general
business life of the country than the
spectacle of few New Haven direct
ors serving time in a federal peni-
tentiary for the offenses that have
plundered once great and prosper
Gus property"
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
NEW YORK AS WORLDS MARKET.

The New York World predicts
shifting of the financial center of the
world, as a result of a great Eu-
ropean war, from London and Paris
to New York. 1t says:
London is still reputed to be the
money and credit center of the world.
Paris is reputed to stand second only
to London in financial power
But the London Stock Exchange
was practically closed by the panic
of the Austrian declaration of war
on Servit. The Paris Bourse was
practically closed, with trading par
alyzed and quotations largely nomi-
nal. The bourses at Vienna, at Buda-
pest, at Brussels, at Amsterdam, at
st. Petersburg were all closed tight
and trading at Berlin was suspended.
The stock exchanges at Montreal and
Toronto were closed. Sellers through
all these centers were frantic multi
tude, buyers dropped out of sight,
and market necessarily went with
them.
only the New York Stock EX-
change, among all the leading securi-
ties markets of the world, remained
wide open. 1t was the only place
where holders of listed properties, in
fright or distress, could turn them
into money. 1t was the only place
where the whole wide would could
find any financial footing. Ameri-
can securities, therefore, became the
chief or only medium of liquidation
for all Europe, and the New York
market had to bear the brunt of the
selling of a panic-stricken continent.
New York has not only borne up
under the incoming avalanche of
stocks and bonds, and the outgoing
avalanche of gold in exchange, but it
has done so without serious disturb
ance or hint of inability to tsand the
strain.
The situation has been without
parallel in recent times for the eX-
tent of tie-up in markets and credit.
1t has been handled on our part in
manner which affords the most
striking demonstration yet given OF
| the breadth and soundness of the
American financial position. Wall
street itself has proved that all its
calamity-howling of a year past has
been the veriest balderdash and that
President Wilson was right in his di.
agnosis.
''If Europe is determined to cut It's
own throat in a general war, it car
have some idea beforehand of where
the financial center of the world will
be found at the end of the process. -
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
IT'S ABOUT TIME.

So after two of Uncle Sans men
have been murdered in one day at
Tulsa, Okla, the government is going
to stop giving bootleggers a license.
Well, it's about time. The farce of
the government issuing a whisky
license from one department and Or
ders to suppress bootlegging from an
other can't be beat on any stage. And
the worst of it is that for the first
three years of statehood the govern
ment revenue officers appeared to be
in most hearty accord with the boot
leggers, even making it as difficult as
possible for the state authorities to
get information about licenses issued
bootleggers.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
Reading by Ear.

Reading of magazines and newspa-
pers by blind men has now been act
ually accomplished by the aid of the
optophone, which translates sight
into sound. Some months ago the
inventor of this device, a distin-
guished British scientist, succeeded in
reading billboard type with it; but at
that time it was hardly expected that
the optophone could be refined suffi-
ciently to be used on small type-not
for many years at least.
Even now his apparatus is only a
laboratory device; but the fact that
he has even experimentally solved the
problem he undertook gives hope of a
practical working device to enable the
blind to read. Recently he exhibited
the improved optophone before the
Royal Society and demonstrated its
efficiency.
The principle is simple. A tiny
light is thrown on the printed line
and moved from left to right as the
eye follows type in reading. This
light is reflected on a delicate detect
or; and, according to the amount of
light reflected, faint electrical i'm
pulses are obtained.
OF course black does not reflect
light, theoretically, and the black
print does not reflect by any means
so much light as the white paper.
The electrical impulses are used to
produce sound in telephone receiv-
er. With practice the blind person
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

An interesting case of receivership
came up in Chicago the other day.
The case had been pending a number
of years in the United States court
and a lawyer who had been acting as
receiver had paid himself $4,000 in
fees as receiver and $500 for legal
advice rendered by himself, but had
not paid one cent Of the $2,400 which
brought about the receivership
There was originally involved in the
controversy $2,4OO, and this lawyer
receiver had expended to his own ad.
vantage $500 in getting ready tc
pay 1t and then had not paid it
Small wonder that some lawyers
seem to be under suspicion with most
of the people.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

can tell from the variation of sound
just what letter the light is passing
over.
In the device recently demonstrate
ed the adjustment was delicate
enough to enable the reading of type
one-fifth of an inch in height, using
an ordinary telephone receiver.
BY using a highly sensitive tele-
phone relay, invented by member
of the Royal Society, the optophone
was successful in distinguishing news
paper type.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
AN IDYL OF A BEACH.

AS soon as the tall, blond young
man had got the unconscious girl
ashore and in the hands of a doctor
he waited just long enough to be
sure she would revive and then he
disappeared.
The mishap had been of the fa-
miliar summer resort type. Unused
to water, she had waded beyond her
depth. He was the only one on the
shore with presence OF mind. As she
gasped and sank he started toward
her with the only craft available. a
raft, and arrived to prevent her sink
ing the last time.
Next day, entirely recovered, she
scanned the verandas that she might
locate and thank her brave preserver
But he was nowhere in sight.
Now why do you suppose he hat
fled? II wasn't that he lacked brav
cry, for the way he rescued the cir
proved that he was brave. Was /
modesty? Perhaps; though he didn'
appear to be OF the shrinking kind
Possibly he was already engaged an,
had no wish to run new chances.
Who knows?
At all events, the girl is alive to
day. owing TO a strangers heroism
she is ready with thanks any time h
is willing to call; and a number O
folks around Lakewood Beach, MINI
wonder why he didn't.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

After fighting off prosperity as
long as II could, the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company has just ordered
100000 tons OF steel rail. The fact
that the railroad company is very
much in need of steel is shown by
the condition OF the order, which was
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

cut into five parts and placed with
five steel companies. Other railway
companies have been playing the
same game, hoping to influence legis-
lation perhaps, and perhaps for other
reasons, but they are all licked out
by the stupendous crops that are now
being harvested.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24
GIVES INSTANT ACTION.

T. K. Bolton, druggist, reports that
A SINGLE DOSE of simple buck
thorn bark, glycerine, ETC., as COM
pounded in Adler-i-ka, the German
appendicitis remedy, stops constipa-
ton or gas on the stomach IN
STANTLY. Many Ashland people are
being helped. 6
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

The reason man hates to be
called a capitalist is because woman
likes to be called cat.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

Most married women are a trifle
envious OF a rich widow.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1914-08-24

Headquarters for good shoes.
Briggs & Shinn.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
On Tunina a Piano.

Many people think it is an easy
matter to tune a piano, but this is
not the case. AS celebrated a musl-
clan as Hans Won Bulow got into
trouble in New York owing to this
fallacious idea. He would not permit
the instrument to be tuned in the
wareroom, one of his whims being
that even short removal of piano
knocks it out Of tune. There is, of
course, nodicum of truth in the
theory. So it was tuned upon the
platform where he was to perform.
He stood over the tuner all the time,
at intervals emitting groans and
strong German language. When the
task was almost completed he gave a
shout and, selling the wrench, began
doing it all over again. In three min
utes he had the piano so hopelessly
out of gear that it took three hours
to get it right again. Herr Won Blu
low had to pay dearly for this exhibit
ton of ignorance.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
Snow.prcof Boots.

Members of arctic expeditions have
found that gum boots are not proof
against the entrance Of moisture for
( now water seems to penetrate the
rubber where the boots are in more
or less constant use for long period
Of time. This is prevented by an oc-
casional application of shellac. which
effectually keeps the moisture out,
even when subjected to the hardest
wear. Shellac can also be made use
OF to advantage in coating the thongs
Of snow shoes for the purpose of re-
sisting the moisture when moving over
the wet snow. The shoes thus treated
enable the men to make much better
Roadway over the snow with less ef-
fort. The thongs which have been
treated with shellac are also said to
dry out quicker after use than others.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
HIGH SCHOOL NEWS.
BY MARY soRRELLs.

DR.. J. I. Norris conducted the eXer-
cises at the school Monday morning,
and the students were profited by a
very interesting talk. AS follows:
Friends, teachers and student body :
AS President Wilson will not let us
talk about the war, l guess We may
discuss the main topic of the day,
Football. We all know there is to be
a game against Fordyce here this
afternoon, and we hope our boys ore
not afraid of them. If the Germans
had the great training of athletic
games, they could, and would do away
with the great navies, and all tao
war implements. You never see these
great athletes and football players
always reaching in their back pockets
for guns. If they exercise the ami
malism. and had any grit about
them. there would be no use for i'm
plements of war.
'Our football boys have been afraid
Of Fordyce for two or three years,
but there's no reason why they
should be, because Fordyce don't
grow any better boys there than we
do mere. They may be larger, but
they haven't the swiftness that our
boys have. and this being the case, we
hope to mop up
Always my young friends learn
the will of the Creator. That's why
your are in school. Some think that
God only wants preaching and pray
ing. but that's mistaken idea, Ne
wants doctors and lawyers ct al We
pray that each may perform his or
her own duty and may God help us to
do 60"
Prof. J. r. Allen extended the
gratitude and thanks of the school
for this interesting talk and request
ed that Coach Bassett say a lew
words of encouragement to the boys.
Mr.. Bassett says that the boys can
not win without your cooperation,
vim, school, yells. and songs. If you
have ever visited any large university
OR college you will see the grea;
school spirit and the interest man.
ifested by the student body toward
the football boys. Try and put Off all
ether amusements, and come out to
see the team win victories for Pine
Fluff High.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
A CHILD DOESN'T
Laugh and PLAY
IF C0Ns7|PA7ED
If peevish, feverish and sick, give
''California Syrup Of Figs"

Mother! Your child isn't naturally
cross and peeyish--. See if tongue is
coated; this is sure Sign its little
stomach, liver and bowels need a
cleansing at once.
When listless, pale feverish, full of
cold, breath bad, threat sore, doesn't
eat, sleep or act naturally, has stom-
ach-ache, diarrhoea. remember. a
gentle liver and bowel cleansing
should always be the first treatment
given.
Nothing equals California Syrup of
Figs" for children's ills; give 2 tea
spoonful, and in a few hours all the
foul waste, sour bile and fermenting
food which is c'ogged in the bowels
passes out of the system, and you
have well and playful child again.
All children love this harmless, delici-
Gus "fruit laxative and it never fails
to effect good "inside" cleansing.
Directions for babies, children of sall
ages and grown-ups are plainly on the
bottle.
Keep it handy in your home. A lit
tie given today saves sick child to-
morrow, but get the genuine. Ask
your druggist for a 50-cent bottle OF
California Syrup of Figs" then look
and see that it is made by the Cali
fornia Fig Syrup Company"
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
How's This !

We offer One Hundred Dollars
Reward for any case of Catarrh
that cannot be cured by Halls
Catarrh Cure.
F. J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo. o.
We, the undersigned. have known F. ].
Cheney for the last Is years. and believe
him perfectly honorable in all business
transactions and financially able to carry
out any Obligations made by his firm.
Toledo, o.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally.
acting directly upon the blood and mu-
sent free. Price rs cents per bottle Sold
by all Druggists
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
Book Windows.

Books are the windows through
which the soul looks out. A home
without books is like room without
windows. No man has right to bring
up his children without surrounding
them with books. ii he has the means
to buy them. 1t is a wrong to his
family. He cheats theMi The love of
knowledge comes with reading, and
grows upon 1t. And the love of hnowl-
edge. in young mind, Is almost war
cant against the inferior excitement of
passions and vices.-Henry Ward
BECKER.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
A TEXAS WONDER.

The Texas wonder cures kidney
and bladder troubles, removing gra-
vel, cures diabetes. weak and lame
backs, rheumatism. and all irregu-
larities of the kiI- eys and bladder
Of both men and women. Regulates
bladder troubles in children. II not
sold by your druggist will be sent
bv mail on recej It's Of $1.0C. One
small bottle is two months treat
ment, and seldom: fails to perfect .
cures. Send for testimonials from
this and other state. E. w. Hall.
$500 Olive street. st. Louis. Mo. Sold
81 druggists. 10-12-ti
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20

w. T. Hutchens. Nicholson, Ca, had
a severe attack of aumatism. His
feet, ankles and jo were swollen,
and moving about as very painful.
He was certainly n bad way when
he started to take ,lsy Kidney Pills.
He says, cast a few doses made me
feel better, and n my pains and
rheumatism are I'll gone and Ir-sleep
all night long" Mann Pharmacy.
HENRY ROBERTS & CO.. Fire
Insurance. 123 1-2 w. End ave. Phone
818. 2-25-tf
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
PETERANS ELICIT.
]. Ed Murray Camp Names Delegates
to Reunion.

At a meeting Of the ]. Ed Murray
Camp, U. G. ", held Sunday after
noon in the court house, the follow
ing delegates and alternates were
elected to attend the annual stat
meeting of the United Confederate
Veterans, which will be held in Lit
tie Rock, November 3, 4 and S: Thos.
Green, So. William Norton, ]. Jordan !;
alternates: ]. c. Hierschpiel, j. B.
Kirkwood and n T. Rogers.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20

Anna Pavlowa, the Russian dancer
now on her way to this country who,
when asked the purpose of her visit
before she left England, replied: 81
am going to America to deliver the
death blow to the tango" She added
that in the United States she will do
all she can to aid the cause of the
allies in the war, as she has been 90
ing during her stay in England. Be
cause she is a Russian she had many
trying experiences in Germany when
war was declared.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
Made In Pine Bluff DISPLAY

To assist In furthering plans for
the buy-at-home movement, Bobbitt &
Dancy, the Main st. druggists have
agreed to exhibit in their show WIN
dows each week articles manufacture
ed in Pine Bluff. This will aid ma
terially in giving Pine Bluffians an
idea of what is benz made at home.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
Sir. This Wasn't Mamma.

A li'tlo BOY. visiting his grandmoth-
or. a seS for z favor which was re-
fused. ears and loud wailing tol-
lowed, but In vain. BY and BY the
little fellow looked up with petulan 3
II think it's about TINS you chsns sd
your mind. grandma" he exclaimed.
1T never takes mamma 90 long to
do It when ! CRY IKE tAis."
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20

Anyone wishing to buy or sell
jefferson county script call on Chas.
We'll Supply Co. tt
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1914-10-20
OUR WEEKLY RECIPE.

CoRN OYSTERS. Get can of
corn and put it through the meat
chopper or get the grated corn.
Aad Two beaten eggs, teaspoonful
sugar, one tablespoonful salt, one
pint flour, one-half pint milk, two
taDlespoonfuls butter, little pen-
per. Mix corn. flour, milk, sait
pepper and sugar and beat we'll to.
gether; then add butter melted
ana eggs beaten light. Dron in
spoonfuls n hot lard and. cook
about three minutes. $500
maBBAGE SALAD WITH pIM,sN1.
IoS. Shred cabbage, and mir MI
win win mayonnaise; pile lightly on M =
dlsh; put halved English waln,,ts
over. and around the edge mt
stripe Of pimentos. 80
Corpus Christi caller and daily herald. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1911-1917, 1914-11-14
BUSINESS MEN TO VISIT
kLEDERC COUNTY FAIR
Commercial Club Directors Nee, 70.
MONT 90 Arrange for kingss'lle
Trip.

spoclsl nreNnF ~ TITO dlncipse of
in. Commercial club has been ralisd
far 80 esioch tonight foe che ppfpns'
~ agunainr fnf nn excursion ~ huHi
uesH men So kinfFYiilr glihr, nrti
"Wednesday 90 Thura1al. probably thr
latter t0 aitrnd 90" ssrotd animal
kislsrs County raif % y stated That
Uihvr matters ~ Interest io me ilf'rt'
lrs viii alec he prevented ~ eppeli
ariiiun Tonight
kiahsra count, has fnr repuailnn ~
iotnx shines nVht as shawn bl th'
treai exhibit i,laf wat cert 49, iipua'
lan his week. and she kinNssill'
commercial club ADVISES that the FAR
nsst ss,h viii BE- ~ h"ftef and inf~rf
ihsn the fair ~ laos November Which
was q hummer
Tentative platn fef she ufp 60
Klnrsyiile contemplate if' chaftefinF
n un. - tsn cpaehes ffam The ffinnp
ieaeaG here on che reFalaf morning
train afd RETURNING home nH ihe niHht
ilstn
Corpus Christi caller and daily herald. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1911-1917, 1914-11-14
CAMPAIGN FOR TRAINING
SCHOOL FUNDS THIS WEEK
State C5nmitfss Raising Funds 20
Provide Home fDf psliuasens
Oiris

Tidr u the afsf - the chmpslEu
f0r f4ndr fff ih. Cirir Trfninr school
ssina uaard hH DYff Tsrsr ~ fhF
Beard - Cnntrii ana Finance Commit
ies ~ enid rfh,pi
Have t0n atcn nny flinF toward
ihis fond n you haven't a'nd rle
dollar hiil of mafe II Fop fan. ie Mr.
Issslf 81 sykes chairman ~ fhf fain-
psirn fnr corpus Christi ~ send J. d.
Ftet ~ Ara VI 81 oailbreafh. 1910
W MAGNOLIA street Fogf Wuffb
Remember That fhis school vii ~
fn. means ~ feclaimina many giu
NH1 D. inrmuaihir ~ wb1 has rifnffo
away irom mo paih n virtue fpf they
arr MOTE ~ te piiisd filan rfnenred
a care not n0W faf ffpm tho paths ~
virtue size sfr4yed.
care ma shat lnre4ds eiebpuof bnih
made.
{ carr nDf what element hath eanhefad
the pearl.
Though stained ARD sslilsd she .,
tcmeiotfF girl
Corpus Christi caller and daily herald. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1911-1917, 1914-11-14
KRAMER RAISED THE ANTE
ON TOMMY BURNS, VACRANI
When Young White Man Laughed a.
Small FINE Judge kramef
kaisnc.

YOUNG iie man who gave nis
meme nH Tommy hNrns was arrested
yesterday morning snd halted before
Judge Smucr go answer ie fhe chHrfr
uf nFmuo, liu ~as fined g. and
eueia.
rrhai is mere tun, fudge said
ihe defendant HAiiygif said judHr
kumer viii makr b 500 and costs
Wiih anything hui smile uu his face
uurm 1900 taken fu che pu} lail tp
Serve ume
thief Fowler Is vaHnf wihuins
rsmpaien 100 hIs rrfslfe aHHinHf va.
grants iis and ma officers sfr 81
perIaiy snpr titat class ~ ynunN white
men vhe ffeuueni dunua the afternoon
fhe sainnnf and pnoi renuH IF ihe eitF
1nd dudne she uirhi make fhtlf f'n
IrfYous in housea ~ che restricted dlf-
frct aud who make uo pfriensr -
maflns % dccruf Twins
Ne nrr afirf such prnpie nnd ih"i
must ictfs thc rig So ihr fiiri ~ ne
police department Numerous arrests
tur vaHmurs charges have hsth made
DURING Toe fnaf fcw days and Judge
Kramer De- handlins his end ~ ihs
crusade ts sucAine stlff fines 90 such
lffeudrfs
, i{nFfH aHH another who was wee
iefdap charged vifh yeFrancf iis HhH
rrrsfrd several dnfa aaa ln connection
with fhr DISAPPEARANCE 81 fi9a from
fhc hume Of % rhnmat ai whuss home
POI. Waa rnominR Tho charFr wps fH
srnnry iii1Frs haf Demanded % iiiat
ns jury nnd BIZ ease haf been ~ fnf
ftn mnnua I'D Htieri Bert lifet
Corpus Christi caller and daily herald. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1911-1917, 1914-11-14
MT, ARKANSAS TRAVELLER
sunday ATTRACTION LYRIC
Na'sm rhres Part Drama 70 Be Shown
sand'y Afternoon and Night

~ TNr AHasnas traveller 90 three
~ earm rulueuHu of ~ drama
Hm Dbl. ato D. $ Chsn-
'n' lr'Heel ht Rou.ln ulel is
et""H OBJ Corpus Christi go the
N iheatrr 900 SUNDAY afternoon
arcIuIr Goo an announce
N." yesterday uy Manaues Ei-
'hc Same date alsu ou Mnu-
~ he famous rit, .rbe G.nelrman
N'.wsrp with Tom Wise viii
'N' liiriruau at the Amusu Thea-
u lhe cast NJ kit. Ire Arkansas
.-'s''f appear such Kalem stars Gel
austin who PLAYS tnc part 0f
namn Ross who piays the
te. Manned Bond the gambler
49, ii..Ari.r Doris HoNHer len
.esen, Mar TAYLOR Ross ana oihels
names are so wen known o. pa
ine movies