davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

United Press Leased Wire Ssrivce.l
ENGlAND-The war office threw
additional mystery about the where
abouts OF the British expeditionary
forces, by issuing an official state
ment denying that they were on the
fring line In Belgium as had been
supposed.
FRANcE-Admitted Germans have
been raiding department Of Muerthe
ct MoseiIe and burning many WI
iases Germans have reoccupied Viiie
after five hour battle in which many
were killed and wounded on both
sides French war office claims
movement against strassburg Is pro-
crossing AZ planned and French troops
are only sixteen miles south OF Metz.
6ELGiUM-continuo fighting tiii
Progressing all along the line extend
ing from louvain through Belgian
luxembourg. Luvain has been taken
ny the Germans and unconfirrned re-
ports continue to insist thar Brussels
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

can, establishes a rigid teie-
graphic censorship as soon as Il
10 notified that the pope has
passed away. This censorship,
for the time being, is the strict
est In tho world and operatea
to delay all teIeera ms regard
less Of their contents. BY thIs
means, code messages are hello
Up as we'll as plain language
kilograms while the vatican Of
foiaIs are given time officially
to pronounce the pope dead and
to notify the various govern.
ments and papaI leoates
throughout the world.
There 10 always a brief Inter-
val however, between the time
that the pope dies and tho news
gets to the italian government.
During the interval tho telegraph
wires are open. Henry Wood
was able to take advantage Of
this fact and to score another
epochal beat for tho United
Press and American journalism.
Wood 10 an American. He 10
the only American staff CORES
pondent In Rome. He served
in the Cleveland and New York
bureaus Of the United Press be-
fore being sent abroad three
years ago. An italian, with
close relationship with the vatl-
can, representing an American
news agency Is Woods chief
competitor. Wood used AnerI-
can methods and got his news
through first. It was a plain
case Of American methods con-
trastina with old world meth
DDS. Old world methods take
for granted events cannot hap
pen until somebody makes an
official announcement that they
have happened. American meth
DDS are to mako public the
news when It happens and as
soon as It 10 verified, lndepend.
ent Of official permission to
publish 1t.
When Leo XIII died there
was a long Interval between
the actual death and the official
announcement Of the news. The
vatican held back announcements
Of the news Of the death Of
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
Another Zig Scoop

Pope Plus TX for twenty hours.
Wood arranged to get tho
death Of Plus x SO soon as tho
doctors Informed the vatican
officials and before tho italian
government closed tho tele-
graph wires. He succeeded. He
sent two code messages an
nouncIns the death to different
New York addresses and they
were the only newspaper teIe'
grams that got out Of Italy be-
fore the government stopped all
dispatches. Wood won In the
race by a matter OF seconds
only, for Mother he nor any
other private Individual could
get a line out Of Rome by te'e-
graph after his two code mes
sages had been sent. Tho pope
was dead and the censorship
right at Woods heels drawing
tho curtain, according to all
precedents and holding up mes.
saaes for about eight hours.
The fact that Immediately after
Woods kilograms were filed,
tho italian government refused
to allow any other kilograms
Of any kind to leave Rome
Is In Itself conclusive proof that
the pope was dead when Wood
filed his dispatches. Woods two
kilograms to different New
York addresses were sent at
the same time. One Of them
reached New York at 1928, New
York time, or 1928 Rome time,
and the other at 3:55 New York
time. This shows the possIbl'-
Ity Of accidental delay because
az tho European war which
Woods American methods had
to chance even after his teie-
gram had beaten the italian
censor 70 the frontier. BY send
Ina two messages Wood got this
risk down to the minimum. It
was the final move In care
fully planned operation worked
out by American Ingenuity. II
played Its part In assisting tho
United Press and Its American
trained correspondent In Rome
TO beat tho world on ono Of tho
most momentous pieces Of sud-
den news, In christendom.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
The War at a Glance
Summarized by John Edwin Nevin, United
Press Staff Correspondent.

has also fallen.
ERMANY-Reported Germany has
finally decided TO defy Japan. Country
remains quiet and government Insists
series Of Interrupted German vic
tories are being secured In Belgium.
RUSSIA - German and Russian
forces are fighting on the Prussian
Polish frontier and Austrian and Rus
sian troops are engaged at several
points on the Austrian fron:ier. St
pete rsbura newspapers continue to
publish accounts Of alleged revoits In
the Austrian regiments.
AUSTRiA-Recause Of the iron CEN
sorsrip not a word of the ac,ual hap
peninus In Austria has been permitted
to become known for seventeen hours,
Internal financial situation Of Austria
reported as very serious.
ITAlY-Death Of pope has distract
ed attention from the war and the
uro-war sentiment is declared to be
dying out.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
II Belgium and Alsace, Kaiser's Army is Report
ed to Be Slowly But Sure
ly Advancing.
SLAUGHTER ON BOTH SIDES, TERRIBLE
Brussels is Said to Have Been Occupied By the
Germans But Report is Vigorous
ly Denied.
rsy VIM. phillip Sims, United Press
- oA.xA Ne.e~aanndank

|rBy VIM. phillip Sims, United Press
Staff Correspondent.
PARIS, Aug. 2o.-The Belgian and
french army IL battling desperately
IN Belgium. The Germans have gained
the initial advantage. They have
taken the Belgian advanced position
At Louvaln. The Belgian general
staff explains that the city Itself was
evacuated to save it from destruction.
Whether Brussels also has fallen Is
not known here. Rumors persistentIy
circulated here and at Tho Hague say
the Germans now hold the Belgian
CAPITAL. The war office claims to have
no information. But It significantly
insists the abandonment Of Brussels
cannot be regarded az a defeat by
seIeian-French forces az the city has
no defenses and that It never was
seriously planned to hold II. For the
first time the German artillery 10
said to be proving effective. Under
cover Of II the German infantry Is
slowly and steadily pushing forward,
entrenchina as II comes. The slaugh-
ter Is admitted to be terrible. But
because cf the fear that the enemy
might gain some knowledge Of the
forces confronting them, all "details
are withheld.
In AIsace-Lorraine the French POSI-
tlon is described az excellent" Null
hausen Is declared to have been again
reoceupled by the French after long
battle In which both sides los.
heavily. The French columns are
moving against Strassburg. Other
French are nearing the great fortress
Of Metz. The general staff also
claims that the Germans have been
cleared from the department OF
Meurthe ct Moseile after several
days fighting. The war office insists
backward movements are In accord
with excellent strategy. Hints Of
traps for the Germans are mace, but
no definite plans are divulged.
The French officials statement re-
sarding the taking Of Mulhausen and
dealing with the operations OF the
French troops In AIsace.Lorraine
says: "The forces operating In
AIsace-Lorraine have had to overcome
determined opposition. In Tn, ;a.s:ng
Of GuebwiIier the French forces chars-
ed the German lines and drove the
enemy out at tho point Of tho bay
onet. But II was in the operations at
Mulhausen that French troops show
ed their worth. Fighting has been In
progress two days all along the line
to the west Of the city. Finally the
French lire was nassed against the
western suburb. The French troops
charged and carried by assault at the
point OF the bayonet the German en-
trenched position. So precipItate was
the German retreat that they left be-
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

Meuse river from Luxembourg. OF
proceeds to Namur and tho 9th,
moves via Neufchateau, to Dlnar
Along this road tho German forcS
from Luxembourg now appear to
moving, as a reInforcement for 4
northern army's assault on selsIul
Tho road runs through tho woods al
hills of tho Ardennes forest. ID
winter when the Belgian army WI
reorganized, special territorial for
with a war footing Of 10000 VI
formed among the Ardennes lnhah
ants whose sole work was to prevs
an advance into Belgium from Il
emburg.
This organization Of fighting WI
looms knowing every Inch Of
Ardennes country, IL capable Of
slstlns disproportlonate to Its NJ
bers.
The French enveIopins n,ovemd
In AIsace-Lorraine Is continuing. 1
capture Of Morchingen means
French line Is ewInsng round WI
the occupancy Of Dieuze places
French advance five miles furt
eastward.
The military eenters, Metz, SAD
bruck ard Strassburg form lio
mouth into which General JoffreI
entering. It fairly bristIes with
GERS and the nero fact snat
French can force themselves throl
that district shows how profoun
different the campaign Is becom
from the plans In the war offies
Berlin.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
Century Old Customs Carried Out at the Vat.
can Upon the Passing Away
of Plus K.
OFFICIALLY ANNOUNCED HOURS AFTER
Successor to Be Named in Ten Days and it IS
Possible For An American to
Be Chosen.
[By Henry Wood, United Prose etaff
Correspondent.J

[By Henry Wood, United Prose etaff
Correspondence
ROME, Aug. 2O.-In charge Of tho
"penitenseri," or confessors OF tho
vatican, the body Of his holiness Pope
Plus X today rested In the chamber
In which he died Wednesday evening.
Great crowds stood uncovered In
St. Peters square. Thousands knelt
In prayer there while In all churches
suppIicatIons were offered by other
thousands who revered tho ven
erabIe head Of tho church and loved
tho man for his peasant simplicity.
Official announcement Of the death OF
tho pope was made at 1870 a. m. TO-
day. 1t was known In official circles
however, at six yesterday evening
(noon New York tIme). Such a do
lay in announcing tho passing Of the
pope 10 not unusual. The vatican
withheld announcement Of tho death
Of Pope Plus TX for twenty-four
hours and there was similar lapse
Of time between the death Of Pope
Leo XIII and tho official announce
ment Of his passing.
Pope Plus died Of broken heart.
Utterly powerless TO prevent the
European war row In progress, his
holiness rapidly weakened under tho
worry and strain. This was foil lowed
by 4 recurrence Of bronchial catarrh
and aouty manifestations which long
thre atened his life. Emperor Franz
| Joseph Of Austria, ono Of tho closest
friends Of tho pope and always relied
upon by hIe holiness for support, al
so contributed a blow which crushed
the heart Of the gentle prisoner OF tho
vatican. Tho emperor postponed for
ten days receiving Monsisnor scapi-
neIII who had been sent to Vienna by
I tho pope with personal letter ad-
dressed to Franz Joseph begging that
| he be IenIent with the Servlan ma
ton and not force Europe Into war.
MonsIanor scapInelI was delayed, hls
holiness spent his hours In prayer
! that peace might be preserved. Sill
the pope's messenger Of peace was
delayed and still the pope prayed for
peace and then war which set al!
Europe aflre, was set aflame. The
pope was fnconsoIable. Ono Of his
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
What the War Moves Mean
By J. w. T. Mason, Former European Man
a2er of the United Press.

United Press Leased Wire Serivce.l
NEW YORK, Aug. 2o-rno Ger
man advance across Belgium is meet
Ing with growing difficulty, tho near
er the invaders approach the basic
line of the allies defenses. Fighting
has been proceeding for the past
twenty-four hours In the Vicinity Of
Louvain, which has seen German
skirmIshes for at least week. LOU
vain Is sixteen miles cast Of Brussels,
and through that district northwest
and southeast line probably passes
from Antwerp to Namur, marking the
secondary defenses OF tho allies.
These secondary defenses are with
standing the German assault Against
them a considerable part Of the Ger
man strength Is being hurled, while
the main body Of the allies Is resting
on Its principal base.
In all probability this base Is some-
where to tho southwest Of Brussels,
with its left wing between Brussels
and Ghent and Its right wing protect
Ina the approaches through Dinant
and CharIeroy. EngheIn, the most
important highway center In that dis
trict, probably plays a very Important
part In the allies plans.
Today's news that the Germans arc
holding a line from Dinant TO Neuf-
chateau emphasizes again the great
Importance y. kaiser's general staff
attributes to attacking the allies from
the south and driving them toward
Antwerp.
Two main highways run toward the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

areat oriefs was that thousands o.
young men Of all nations, studying
for tho priesthood In Roman semln-a
aries were Obliged TO return to their
native countries and take UP arms.
Great tears streamed down his face
40 he expressed his grief 70 hIs adj
Wsory that their Ilves consecrated to|
the work Of tho church should he|
sacrificed upon tho field Of battle.
Tho last thoughts Of the pope were
for those upon whom the weight %
war will fall. Tho conflict has re-
duced the income Of tho vatican until
It Is not sufficient to meet current ex-
penses. The last act Of hls holInsss
was 20 order tho payment Of all pend
sIons and undertake several large ena
terprIses which would give employ7
ment to those thrwn out Of work bel
cause Of the war.
Cardinal Merry Del Val, papa
secretary Of state, today dispatched
messages to the sixty-six cardinaid
Of tho sacred college summonina
them to Rome for tho eonctave Al
which the successor Of the late ponl
tiff will be elected.
Every detail Of the ceremonies TO [
lowing the death Of the pops 10 COY
cred In century old precedents, wFic
were followed In the demise Of Piu(
x. Late yesterday when convince(
that the pope was dead, the attend
Ing physicians called to attendant(
awaiting In an adjoining room for {
candle. In accordance with the pre-
scrihed ceremony, the lighted candl(
was held close to the nostrlls Of th(
late pontlff. The flames being I'd
disturbed by the slightest exhalatIo1
Of breath, life was pronounced extinct
Cardinal Della voIpe, the presen,
cardinal carmeIengo or lord chan,
berIaIn Of tho pope's household, wa
then summoned. It was he who seN
eraI hours later officially pronounced
tho pope dead. The crimson pursl
containing the ring Of st. Peter wa
then turned over 20 Cardinal Dell
Volpe. This signif'ed the trznsfe
Of tho authority Of the church. Thl
ring was given first by Christ to S
----------
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20
[By J. w. r. Mason, Former
European Manager United
Press.1

[sy J. w. r. Mason, Former
European Manager United
Press.1
NEW YORK, Aug. 2o.-Henry
Wood, United Press staff cor
respondent In Rome put to the
credit Of American newspaper
methods one 'of the greatest
beats In the history CT Journal
Ism yesterday by getting tho
news Of Pope Plus death out Of
Italy more than eight hours be-
fore any other correspondent.
This feat Of journalistic enter
prise ranks with other recent
United Press beats, such as Ed
/. keen's announcement Of tho
France-German. war declaration
six hours before the news reach
ed other correspondents; his
sec nd beat Of one and one-haIf
hours on the Analo-German war
declaration and Vim. G. Shep-
herds clean scoop on tho land
Ing Of American marines on
Mexican soil.
The death OF Queen Victoria
was another historic United
Press beat comparable to yes
terday. At that time az we'll as
now, a press association which
supplies most Of tho American
morning papers and some at
ternoon papers with news, at
tempted to explain its defeat to
It's clients by declaring that the
death couldn't have occurred OF.
ficiaIIy until its own correspond
ents heard Of It.
As a matter Of fact In tho
case Of most foreign potentates
and particularly at the vatican,
there Is always long interval
between the actual medical pro-
nouncement Of deat., and the
public issuance Of the news.
When a pope dies, certain cere.
monies must occur and until
they are ended, every effort Is
made to withhold the news OF
the holy fathers demise.
Tho most Important action T.
keen the news secret 10 taken
by the Italian government,
which as a courtesy to the vati-
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

subscrIbers Of The Daily Cats City
80 served the full Leased Wire serv-
Ice Of the United Press Associations
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

clare that It is numerically superior
to the German invading forces.
The losses have been enormous on
both sides. The bringing into action
Of the artillery Of both sides have
added to the slaughter. Tho lines
fronting the battle scene are covered
with dead and wounded, but 30 far
neither side has been able to gather
their wounded and the suffering must
be great.
MORAL VICTORY.
LONDON, Aug. 2o.-The Belgium
office In reviewing the situation, In
sisted today that despite the continued d
German advance it has been moral
victory for Belgium. Troops on the
north side Of the Meuse have succeed
ed In gaining the ground to bring them
into contact with the allies, It ls
stated. After explaining that smal>
bodies Of Germans have been able to
penetrate far into Belgium, tho Bel.
aian statement Gays:
s"Fiehting Is proceeding on tho
whole front, extending from DahIe,
Switzerland, to Diest, Belgium, and
in these numerous contacts the more
the opposing armies approach each
other. the more one must expect to
hear Of an advantage on ono side and
cecedIng on the other. Far from be-
ina beaten, We are making arrange,
ments for beating the enemy under
the best possible conditions"
FIGHTING CONTINUES.
BRUSSELS, Aug. 2o-1he Germans
in force have occupied TirIemont. Cav.
airy, heavily supported by artillery,
charged the town and now hold It.
Tho German infantry ADVANCE pro.
crosses slowly but steadily and the
high tide Of the fighting today was
mur and north Of Dinant Reports are
freely circulated here that LouvaIn
has been occupied by the Germans
but Belgian military heads say they
have no confirmation. The fighting
continues.
WHERE ARE THE ENGLISH
[By Ed. L. Keen, United Press staff
Correspondent.l
LONDON, Aug. 20.-The German
army In Belgium Is gradually driving
the EeIqian-French columns backward
toward the French frontier. Their
success in the north, however, Is ad
r,TttedIy offset in the south where
the French are clearing AIsace-Lor.
raine of the enemy. MuIhausen and
GuidwilIer have been taken at the
point Of the bayonet and the French
! movement against straasburg Is tax
ing shape.
Meanwhile great interest Is felt re-
qarding the movements Of the fleet
The admiralty is expecting develop
ments, Of what sort no one will say
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

hind six cannon and six ammunition
wagons fully loaded"
Taking up the operations In Belgium
and explaining the falling back Of
the Belgian forces toward Antwerp,
the war office says:
"The Germans advanced In the
north In force. The Belgian cavalry
harassed the advance as much as
possible but tho Germans aided by
their artillery which proved very ef-
fective, moved on. The Belgian in
fantry held their position near LaydIe
until the German infantry moved for
ward enmasse, supported by heavy
artillery and then the Belgian COM
mander Withdrew his forces In perfect
order In the general direction of Ant.
werp."
BELGIANs RETREATIN0.
LONDON, Aug. 2O.-PartIaI con.
fIrmati Of the report that the Ger
mans, If they have not already done
so, are about to occupy Brussels was
Indicated by an official announce
ment from the war press bureau at
$50 this afternoon. The announce
ment said: "confIrmation has been
received Of the fact that Belgian
forces opposing Germans In northern
Belgium have been compelled to re-
tire before the overwhelming German
infantry advance.
"connmunication With Brussels has
become very difficult since early this
morning."
RUSSIAN VICTORIES.
ST. PETERSBURG, Aug. 2o.-prs.
cussinq the operations Of the Russian
army along the Austrian frontier, the
general staff In an official statement
today claims number Of minor SIN
cesses. August is, Russian column
ENGAGED Austrians on the road be-
tween Pintcher and kieIce, the fight
in1 lasting three hours and ending In
a repuIse Of the Austrlans. At about
the same time the Russians along
the VistuIa encountered an Austrian
cavalry detachment and defeated 1t
with great loss. The Russian troops
have repulsed another attemppt Of
the Germans to recapture Eydtkuh'
nen and following up their victory,
invaded the Prusslan frontier line
taking eight cannon and couple OF
field Guns. On August 17th,' Austrian
infantry attacked krassinik but were
defeated, the Russians capturing two
companies Of infantry with their Off
GERS. Russians are now In force In
eastern Prussia and have taken many
prisoners.
AUSTRIAN MUTlNY.
ST, PETERSBURG, Aug. 2o.-Dis-
matches from various points to the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

Novo Vremla, confirm earlier re-
ports Of mutiny In the Austrian army.
Czech reeidcnts Of kieff are In re-
ceIpt Of letters telling how Czech and
Polish recruits In Austrian regiments
were shot by their officers when they
refused to respond to orders. One
entire battalion is said to have mutin-
led, shouting "down with Emperor
Wilhelm and Francis Joseph. Long
live Russia" Some OF these letters
say that Prague was dominated by
the mutineers for an entire day, until
Austrian loyal troops took the city,
killing many Of the mutineers. After
the occupation every citizen In the
streets was shot down, neither age
nor sex being respected. Among
those reported killed was the Aus
trlan consul.
THE FATE OF BRUSSELS.
PARIS, Aug. 2o.-TeIegrams from
The Hague today say It is persistent
Iv rumored there that the German ms
entered Brussels this morning. The
war office admits 1t has rec:ived such
reports, but say there Is absolutely no
confirmation. Germans are reported
to have taken Louvain last night. All
this Is denied by the Belgian legation
here and 1t has been conceded all
alona by the French military experts
that Brussels would be evacuated by
the Belgian troops rather than expose
the city to a bon1bardment that would
ruin its hundreds of beautiful build
inss.
ADVANCE is SLOW.
LONDON, Aug. 20.-The combined
German armies Of the Meuse and the
first army Of. the MoseIle are today
attacking the allied lines near 6rus-
sells. They are forced to advance
against strongly entrenched positions
which are heavily supported by thou
sands Of pieces Of French artillery.
Tho German advance during the last
two days Of fighting has been very
slow, but none the less steady. Per.
sistent reports that Louvaln fell be-
fore the German advance are received
military experts as to be EXPECTED, al
though the Belgian war office still In
slets that the Belgian advanced line
there has wIthstood the German at
tack. Namur Is In danger. German
Infantry with plenty OF artillery has
moved through Dinant on the south
against the strong Belgian fortihea'
tions while another force, operating
from an entrenched position near
GembIoux Is moving from the north
and the city 10 enveloped. 1t Is obvi'
GUS from measre dispatches fiiterine
Through from French sources that the
French army In Belgium and along
the northern French border Is Far
larger than had been deemed possible
and many military experts here de
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

AUSTRIAN MUTlNY.
ST. PETERSHU Aug. 2o.-Dis-
matches from various points to the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-08-20

Continued on page ~