davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

he took the telephone, called up the fed
eral commander in the city presented his
compliments. and said he would call in
person later.
During the Torreon campaign the joke
was OH Villa. Gen. Felipe Angeles OF
Villas staff called up Gen. Ve!asco. the
federal commander and politely invited
him to surrender the city, which Gen.
Velasco. with equal po,iteness. declined.
Then Gen. Villa took the receiver. think
ing Gen. Velasco was still at the other
end of the line. The federal commander.
however had dropped the telephone :ern-
porarily to attend to some other business.
and a young military secretary held l.
who speaks?" asked Gen. Villa in his
soft voice.
Your grandfather. you blankety-blank-
blank" came the reply in Spanish phrases
of most opprobious nature. Villa dropped
the telephone like a shot, bat afterward
told the joke on himself.
During one of his bandit raids Villa
captured train which he suspected was
carrying bullion from one OF the Amerl-
can mines There was also some ore and
other freight. The manager and several
of his men We're aboard Villa searched
for treasure. but found none. and he let
the mine manager off with compare
lively moderate contribution. The treas
IRE was concealed under the coal in the
tender Villa learned of this afterward.
and when the circumstances became
known he told the joke on himself
The present status of Villas education
may be said to be forward ore but he
mas not reached that advanced stage at
universal knowledge with which his press
bureau has endowed him. History and
geogra ply in particular are subjects that
cannot be mastered in a few months
though it has been made to appear thal
il is with these subjects he is mos
familiar.
Varying accounts are given of Villa s
learning to read and write. and he does
not take pains that they shall be con-
sistent. One story credited TO him was
that he learned to write when in jail II
Durango. The more commonly accepted
one is that he first traced his name WheT
in prison at Mexico City
An American friend was telling him tins
story of Lincoln's learning to read and
write by the log cabin fire.
Il learned to write. said VITA, WIN
some pride ION the wall of my cell in the
prison at Mexico.
He writes his name in firm. clear char
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
The Pilgrim.

A LFRED MOVES, the exponent or
"A paying poetry" told good story
at Princeton.
One morning" he said, my work
was interrupted by westerner lie
rushed In on me enthusiastically. lie
bruised my hand with the power of his
cordial clasp. He made me sit dow"
and write my name fifty times on
sheet Of foolscap that he drew from his
pocket-he wanted to distribute. he eS-
planned, my autograph among all his
friends. He even urged me to write
a noem for him-to dash a poem or
while he looked on This failing. he
would not go till I had read him good
half-dozen selections from my works
Mr. Noyes sighed.
land all the time" he ended, the
duffer called me Boyes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

actefs, with the rIbfic or flourish. which
IS part of Spanish chiIogrtpny
Testimony differs as TO Villas ability
TO read. some 0: those near TO him say
mat he reads Slowly. and with difficulty.
and that he can barely follow an ordinary
newspaper paragraph. Others declare that
he reads with fiuencl.
The first statement is more likely the
correct one. for Villa has had little tine
Tor the practice OF reading since he be-
San his .straofdaarg military operations.
l:il IL. has un"sua. si'ticNuess of alt-
'rcEcnsion. and the probability is that
ie abSorps the contents of "A printed
rag almost irtt:it.vciv lie himself ap-
pretiates ms own deficiencies. and the
need OF having educated men around
him. He WAS asked why he kept one
ofiicia.. wac s pretty in ci.encent. and
whom Villa is kroS,a to dislike.
Il have got to have some men Of edu-
cation and talent about me-. was his
reply.
Villas an:ipathies are intense. and
often un-easoniRg II is here that th.
primitive crops OIL. ard the ques
ton occurs how far the evolution in his
character may he expected to change
these traits OF the primitive man.
Villa laIes ali SpaniarGs. An occa
sonsi act Of barbara generosity toward
one OF them does not alter this trait. II
one sense. however, his hatred of the
Spana-Js is not an u.ireasoning one. In
it he is absolutely typical and represent
alive OF the peon population.
The wealthy Standards in Mexico are
inclined TO look down on Nexicaus o.
I'll classes, anc TO assert their superior
ity much IS Englis.1iien do. TIE mid
die class Spaaiards. largely traders and
small 1nerciiarts. thrifty and indus
tr.ous. TncE sell TO tne oeon AT 81 good
profit. and they expect the peon 10 pay
his debts This the peoa does not like 10
do. So as an Individual and in the mass,
he mates the S;anitrds and viii take
every opportunity to aHenGe himsef
upon them;
This hatred vas the real cause of the
expulsion Of the thousand Spanlaros
from Chihuahua and Torreon. regardless
of international consequences. Villa was
simply the voice and the arm OF his peon
countrymesI
Other phases of Villas character and
the evolution of it. with special regard
to his future influence in Mexico. relate
to him as a political and social reformei
as an exponent Of constitutional govern-
ment. and to his associates and his as
sociations They will have to be left 10
a future chapter following current de-
velopments in Mexico.
copyrighted. 1914. by Charles NJ. PcpperJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
GEN. FRANCISCO VILLA IN FULL UNIFORM.
lie wears Mexican eagle his cap.

leo City has been Sided with romantic
circumstances. The tale has been tod
how friend. previously almost a
stranger supplied him with . saw by
means of which he got out OF his cell
and with money by means Of which he
was able to flee from the capital. it
might he guessed that President Madero
unwilling to offend Huerta, yet sensible
Of Villas services. saw that Villa S
escape was made possible.
The beginning OF Villa's military great
ness and of his real career may be said
to date from the time when. after MAX
ing his way north to the Texas border. he
crossed the Rio Grande. He himself is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
Advice to Girls.

MRS. HAvELoCK ELLIS. the Eng
AVA lish writer and suffragist said at
a girl graduates luncheon in New YORK;
II wish to advise you girls never to
marry q man to reform him. To marry
a man to reform him-that is the Same
as putting your finger in the hre to
extinguish it,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

he might Distribute largess among the
poor.
Villa may have done all these things.
bur if he did the people for whose ben
.tit they were done seem to nave Tor
gotten them. 1t is not unlikely that ne
sometimes divided beet WIN me poems
ON the estate from which he TOOK IT.
Villa himself never has set up as a
romantic bandit When | was living in
the hills ard they We're after me ne
once said to a friend. ut WASH Always
easy to get food Sometimes went out
and killed a steer. and | didn't stop TO
ask whom the steer belonged To-
Yet while during the greater period
of his life as hunted man siila was
lust an ordinary bandit. he seems 10
have made some reputation as daring
one There also appears to nave been
periods in which he was not hunted out
was engaged in useful occupations. as
mule driver and freighter. his eihp,oy
.rs during that period all speak well OF
him and give him good character as
industrious and trustworthy
Such romance as attaches to Villas
bandit career dates from the period "hen
he became a revolutionary chletta1n ana
his exploits We're conducted under the
forms of guerrilla warfare Ihey may lie
even justified actual war since II IS
said that the United States authorities
ground that the crime for which extra
dition was sought was q political onense.
His train robberies and bank rohberles
We're daring and generally successfui.
| have been tod by number OF per
sons who are in a position TO know that
the executions OF prisoners or suspects
taken b. Villa when he was feNolu-
tfouarv bandit chieftain were marked by
cold Cruelty and sardonic fefoci1N
Ii is a matter of dispute when Villa
changed his name from Do:oteo orange
to Francisco Villa. hut it seems to have
been about the beginning of his career as
a military bandit chief. There IS even
said to have been fea, Francisco Villa
a bandit of some note VINO was killed
five years ago.
Villas military career may lie said 10
begin with the Madero revolution. lie
was one OF the group of chihuahua ban
dts. including Orozco and Castillo. VIII"
first raised the standard OF revolt against
Diaz as d part of Maderos army Madero
owed much to him in the Chihuahua cam
paign and recognized his services ny
giving him important command
When Maeiero sent Gen. Huerta to the
north to combat the 0roZco rebellion with
the finest body of Mexican troops that
ever had left the capital city. Villa
quickly came 1nlo toitlSitli W MS Cum
handing officer. The two men are too
much alike ever to get along. Though
Villa was only d subordinate and semi
obscure commander. he took no pains to
conceal his contempt for Huerta. who
had him arrested and condemned to
death by military court for insubordi-
nation.
Madero's friends in the north knew the
obligati tons that Madero felt toward Villa.
and they knew that if ne were shot the
consequences ably would be revolt.
They persuaded Huerta To send him TO
Mexico City a prisoner.
Villas escape from the prison in Mex
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

\ Primitive Man of
Extraordinary Power.
His Real Name-As a
Bandit He Was Cruel.
Huerta Once Had
Him Condemned to
Death for Insubordi-
nation His Rise to
Military Power-Side-
lights on the Man.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

o. As-N -
eight Years Old.
He !ras more power
TODAY Tor good or
II than any man in
Mexico. ! have no
personal ! III p + eS-
sions of him TO
record | Ii (; crest :
ins as these might
he. : h = Y hardly
" vuld enable Il
trooper e o II ception
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

The third estimate was given me by a
foreigner. who. as the representative of
has .:oq ernMcnt, has been brought into
Official relations with Villa. Said this
-.'an:
''Tiii.t has no apology to make to civil
izatiou for his past. He is ready to let
civilization judge him by what he will do
for St,,.icJ and the Mexican people IN
the future
P.rhaps This should be given as Villa s
estimate of himself. 1t is a wise view
10 ignore the past. for there is blood
rcd record which cannot be sponSed out.
Villas real name is Doroteo Orange. He
comes from the district of san Juan
del Rio in the state of Durango. While
in Durango | made some endeavor 10
trace out his history. but battling un-
certainty exists lit regard to everything
that would give an ancestra! key to his
extraordinary qualities.
Their. Is little 10 learn beyond the fact
ihat hc comes from ordinary prOn stock
His dynamic energy. his mother wit and
his common sense all qualities I'M
usual Ia tine indian race or to Spanish
blood II his ancestry be mixed Indian
and Spanish. in the sense that he is
really Mexican. it only can be said that
tiles that are not Mexican. His tenacity
of purpose, however. is both an Indian
and q Spanish characteristic.
So far as ] could learn. Villa s career
as bandit. from the time he appeared
as a fugitive from justice at Parral. af-
lords little basis for the romance that
has been woven around it. He has been
represented as social reformer. rob-
biag and plundering the rich only that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

Villas ability as an organizer IS shown
in the army massed at Torreon. He no"
has a passable commssary department
and a hospital corps, and lalr degree
of discipline is maintained. His soldiers
are well fed and clothed as such Things
go In Mexico When not engaged IN
active military operations they are Kept
amused by bands specially provided, and
by moving pictures.
The Villa army is probably the best
pafd army in the world. The pay is s1.JO
per day in consttutionalist currency
This has an exchange value of 20 cents
a dollar gold but current transactions
in northern Mexico are based on the pa
per money, so that Villas troops are very
handsomely remunerated.
Villas executive capacity applies to
civil as well as to military matters. An
American official who had some business
with him gave me a pen picture OF his
methods He received caller after caller
usually opening the door of the omce
himself, listened to their stories. gave an
answer quickly. and dismissed them.
kilograms would be brought m some
of them of much Importance. and read to
him. Villa would reflect moment and
then dictate the answer. A decision once
reached, the matter was disposed OF Tor
good He never reversed himself
A general. who for some reason had Of
Tended Villa, sought an audience
Pm busy" snapped Villa; don't both
er me now
The general persisted.
ARREST him. Villa said, savagely. to
his aid: and the offending general was
marched off under arrest
Some of Villas acts seem to show gen.
nine evolution in character. Others indi-
cate a reversion to the primitive man.
He was leaving Chihuahua for Jiminez
to confer with some of his commanders.
A special train was ready for him at the
station; but the regular train, which was
also due to leave. was on the track next
to the platform. Villa roared with rage,
ordered the station master arrested.
threatened to execute him. and then gave
orders that the regular train should not
he allowed to pull out-a childish trait of
the primitive man.
one DAY III, his neaiauarfets al Ju'reZ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

some Mexicans who claimed to be natur-
allied Americans went before him to COM
plain of their treatment.
villa listened to them spectator
told me, like a tiger ready to spring.
When they had had their say he cowed
them by the fierce way in which he
looked at them. They skunk away"
This is another of the numerous in
stances in which the comparison of Villa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
NM&1

to the tiger is made, and always uncon-
sciously by the observer.
Villas sense of humor is frequently
manifested In all the destruction OF
property by the opposing forces they
have a habit of letting the long-distanee
telephone wires alone. After he had oc-
cupied Juarez last November. Villa cir
cled around with his troops to within
some twenty miles OF Chihuahua Then
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
DIS ";


different from the Union troops whom
Forrest and Wheeler harassed. and there
is little basis for comparison.
Villas daring attacks have served t"
create the impression that he is incau-
tious and reckless. He is just the oppo
site He knows what it is to go up against
fortified places and intrenched positions.
When the insurgents had won several
successes in the state of Chihuahua they
surrounded the city itself. His officers
entreated Villa to let them take ii by as
sault They were sure they could storm
the city SUCCESSFULLY
Villa explained the difficulties. but final
ly told them to go ahead. The insurgents
trained their guns on Chihuahua and
dropped some shells into the city. but
were soon compelled to abandon. their
positions.
Villa then seized the railway line run
ming into Juarez compelled the telegraph
operators to send misleading messages to
the federal commander there. and took
that town without trouble, without noti-
fying the constitutionalist junta across
the river at Ell Paso, which thought it
was directing the military operations.
Later Gen. Mercado, the federal COM
mander at Chihuahua, although he had
provisions to stand a years siege, quietly
withdrew his troops and Villa entered the
city without resistance.
II
In his military operations villa places
much reliance on artillery. He also be-
lieyes that where they cannot be obtain
ed otherwise the artillery and ammunl-
ton should be taken from the enemy.
lust before the Torreon campaign an
American friend went with him for
drive and Villa. explained his prepara-
tons. The American expressed his as
inGy
much artillery
yves" said Villa. I'VE have plenty. and
we took it all from the enemy; that's the
best of it,
During the Torreon battle one of his
generals sent to Villa to ask that amlnu-
milton be sent him at once for part of
his brigade Two soldiers accompanied
the officer to carry the ammunition back
A foreigner who was with Villa at the
time told me what followed.
"Where is your guard? demanded
Villa.
The officer pointed to the two soldiers.
Villas eyes became tigerish
1.-TWO men, he said, Ito transport am
1nunition in the face of the enemy! Tell
your general to report to me
The general reported with a guard OF
fifty men for the ammunition and with
profuse apologies to his commander.
Villa,s military movements are marked
by the greatest precision. His IS PROB
ably the only command in the Mexican
army on either. side which when the or
der is given for the troops to entraln at
a given hour sees the troops Unframed at
that hour In all his WhlrlWlnd cam
paiens the whirlwind is never set i'll mo-
ton until all the elements composing IL
are ready.
American military officers on the Dor
der, who have excellent opportunity fos
observation, give Villa much credit as a
strategist as well as organizer. AT the
same time they comment on the degree
to which fortune has favored him In the
weakness OF the opposing forces, ana es-
neciallv the failure of the federal COM
manders to follow up advantages once
obtained.
=
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

capitu1ateI. I only touc, some of the
circumstances as they illustrate the evo-
luton of his character as military lead
err of genius.
At the outset of the campaign he was
noted for his swift raids, his rushing at
tacks on the federals. and his successful
getaways. In this mode of warfare Villa
has been compared both to Forrest and
Joe Wheeler of the Confederate army.
But the Mexican federal army is vastly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21
BY CHARLES NJ. PEPPER.

cst'' sii WITS lf''tb't''
CHIHI- ALTA, Mexico. jun, IL. 1914.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

Ar the close of this battle Gen. Han
cocks horse received bullet in the neck
and, falling, appeared to be dead. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

o. biiu 30 he formed
Instead. have sought 10 estimate
the ma, and his influence from those
VINO have 7,noNn him and have been
brought into clos" association WIN
him Ey tbis means it may be possible
to fo!loN the evolution of his character
from bandit and revolutionary chief t"
III. ,.o,I.l3Ia n,ieY of i powerful army. ana
at the same tine TO form some IDEA OF
the prospect Of the social, economic anu
political reforms of which he claims to
he the champion.
There are as many views OF the char
ss.ter Of Villa rs have been held Of Ii
brrius the Roman emperor. from the
cote,nporary historian Tacitus doWii
To Matthew Arnold. If after nineteen
centuries Tiherius is still an enigma, tile
ability to reach definite CONCLUSION re
.ardins hr may he justified.
At the outset If is necessary to eSp'alh
that since his victory at Eorreon ma
has been the victim of Jealous. nut
not very discriminating. press bureau
BY this means 4 Villa myth has peeh
created. When il is examined IN the
light OF cold circumstances he suHeFs.
vet he is none the less the primitive man
Of extraordinary qualities. who has De
veloped some of the attributes OF the
civilized man with remarkable rapidltN.
An instance of the Villa myth Is the
manner in which he has been represent
ed as an advanced educational refcrmet'
thinking chiefly OF lettering the condl-
ton of tae peon population by giving
them schools.
The story of his stopping his military
activities long enough to estabish a
hundred schools in the state of thlhua-
htIa has been given wide circulation
have travelled over chihuahua and have
sought fos those schools. but have not
yet found even one of them
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

Three distinct views of Villa have
heen given ne by men who know him
and who have hal excellent opportunity
10 ot,serv. an! study him. All are men
ui good judgment who are not likely TO
let persoilss. Tif,s O. prejudice ron away
with th-ir 81 'rilns- Two of Them are IN
direct conflict. the third may be said
10 be u ease NJ suspended Judgment. with
a disrosiI' 81 - favor Villa
An American living OH the border, VINO
was first brought into contact with Villa
at the time of the Madero revolution,
said to me:
Villa is not to be judged by what he
was f-e wears ago. a wear a@c- OF even
flrae months ago. lie did what ne did III
tine past becsEs. he knew no better. IL
is only lately that ne began TO understand
his own extraordinary powers, and since
then he has been absolutely q chansed
man Such an evolution in character is
so remarkable that it seems TO me al
mos; miraculous He is the hope Of
Mexico
Another American who knew Villa in
his bandit DAYS ard mas since had
more or loss TO do with him, said:
VILLA is an extraordinary man, but
he will aiwasS be a primitive man. All
his instincts are those of the wild ami
NAL lie is cruel. not because he knows
NJ better but because it is in him and
car't be got out OF him. He is a tiger,
and To- seventeen years was a hunted
tiGer Was tiger ever really tanned
or ciyiiZedG
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-21

he might distribute largess among II
poor.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-02-20
Marabou Stoles, .Capes ant
Mufs at Half Price

Final clearance prices go into effect tomorrow. The lot
includes marabou pieces in black white natural white and
natural and black and white Some combination ostrich
marabou natural black black and white and and
white.
$3.50 to $ll.50 Stoes. Special ..... 1925 to So s5
1898 to $3.50 Capes. Special ....... ST 80 to SG25
$3.50 to $3.50 muffs. Special ........ 1925 S625
Pomeroy & Stewart streetT
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-02-20
Hastily Gathered Wash
FabrlcValues for Special
Selling To- morrow

25c fine quality popn in excellent color tanges Mill and
Factory Sale price ....................... .. 12Hc
25c solid color crepe Mill and Factory Sale price 121c
l21zc Bates gingham Mill and Factory Sale price So
7c Plisse crepe. Mill and Factory Sale price . 12Hc
15c colored crepe with white grounds Mill and Factory
Sale price observation-disclosures. 100
l0c chalis Mill and Factory Sale price ......... 7c
sc dress gnghams Mill and Factory Sale price . SIC
l21ac robe prints Mill and Factory Sale price SIC
Oc white ground percaes Mill and Factory Sale price SO
Dives, Stewart, Street Floor
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-02-20
Gloves Of Dependable Quality
at Prices Convincingly Low

D. P. & S. 2casp imported kid gloves in colors, white
and black. Pair $1.OO
One-clasp Cavalier kid gloves, with P K seams in tam
white and black. Pair ST 25
Twocasp Navarro Paris point kid gloves, kid
tan, white and black Pair ST 80
Perrins Zclasp kid gloves $1.15 and $500
Centemens 2-clasp kid gloves ST 25 $500
Kaysers washable chamoisette gloves in white natural
Kaysers 16button chamosette goves in natural biscuit
and white. Pair Observation-Disclosures. SOC and ST 90
Poneroy Stewart street Floor
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-02-20
Rubbers and Arctics for Men,
Women and Children

Mems four-buckle arcticS, with
black wool lining. $500 and S2.75
Mems one-bucllle arctics. with
grey wool lining .S1.75 and $500
Mems rubbers, best quality, $1.O0
Mems S1.75 one-buckle arctics
with grey wool lining: all sizes.
Special ...... .S1.39
Mems 75c rubbers. Special, soc
Boys rubber boots, knee high,
$500
Boys two-buckle arctics,
S1.50 to S1.75
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-02-20

Boys rubber boots over knee, S4
Boys one-buclxle arctics,
SIPS and $1.50
Boys rubbers -. .6Oc to S5c
ARCTICS AND RUBBERS FOR
WOMEN AND MISSES
Women's rubber boots,
$1.75 to $3.50
Women's Our-bucl<le arctics.
$3.50
Women's twO-buckie arctics,
S1.50