davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
FOOTBALL SEASON BEGINS
Athletic Club Eleven to Hold First
Practice Tomorrow Evening at
Central School Grounds. -
HIGH SCHOOL PROSPECT BRIGH

With the first practice of candi-
dates for the Athletic club football
eleven tomorrow evening, the grid
iron season in Bemidji will begin.
1t is expected that thirty men will
report for initial practice, eight be-
ing veterans of last years cham
pionship team. Practice will be
held at the Central school grounds,
Eighth and Minnesota, and will be-
gin prompt at z o'clock.
Carl Jacobson, who starred in all
branches of athletics while student
at Carletons and for one year snc4
eessfuffiy directed til the football eleven
of the Red Wing high school, will
coach the Athletics. Jacobson play
ed. fullback and coached last year,
but will not get back into the game
this fall, although he has consented
to give the players what assistance
he can. He understands football
thoroughly and will be of much aid
in rounding together another cham
pionship aggregation.
Prospects for winning high
school team are also bright this
year, and while Coach Bestul will
lose several of his best men, he will
have material for a fast team. Prac-
tice will start soon after the begin
ming of the fall term, next Tues.
day.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
Meeting MUCH ENJOYED
Merry Time Had at Session of Better
Farming Club Held at George
Walker Home Saturday.
INTERESTING PROGRAM GIVEN

That the Better Farming Club
tries. to hold better farmers meet
ing every time they meet, was made
clearly apparent to the group of
would be- farmers from the bust
ness section of Bemidji. who drove
to the George Walker farm in cars
and ate him out of house and home,
Saturday. ,s.. .: !, e. ...r..se:
Talk about your starved looking
natives! One would have thought
that some of them never saw good
chicken. pie before, from the way
they devoured the splendid dishes
before them. For instance: Bar
ker and Halgreen were sitting side by
side. They began throwing chicken
into themselves at the first signal
from the hostess. In less than three
minutes the seat, gave way under
them and for minute nothing
could be seen but two pair of number
IL shoes. Mr.. Walker Immediately
placed extra heavy props under their
seats, with instructions to readjust
their ''carburetors'' and again throw
their engines" into high. 'c.>.
After the dinner, President A. P
Richie called the men to a short
business session. The minutes Of
the previous meeting were read BY
the clubs secretary, Don Shannon
Charles Schroeder, also a member Of
the club, reported on the progress Of
gathering products for the state fail
and discussed the gathering of the
clubs exhibit for the county fair.
A program was given by. the wo
fnlen Of the club which x mcludet
music and recitations. This feature
of the meeting had been arranged by
Mrs. A. P. Richie.
Those attending the meeting from
Bemidji were, George T. Baker, War:
nera Brandborg, Andrew Johnson
Forrest Halgreen, Eugene Berman, H
B. Brookins, Earle A. Barker, E. M
Satire, A. B. Palmer, H. E. Reyn
Odds and E. H. Denu.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
ATTRACT MUCH ATTENTION
Minnesota Exhibits at Galesburg and
LaPorte Visited by Hundreds Of
Interested Farmers.
SEEK LOWER PRICED LAND

Minnesota exhibits at the dis
trict fairs of Galesburg, ILL.,, and La
Porte, Ind, are attracting great
deal of attention and are visited
daily by hundreds of people who are
interested in seeing the products
produced on the cheaper lands OF
other states. IT have made fairs
and land. shows with a Minnesota
exhibit a number of times in the
past" writes Fred D. Sherman,
commissioner of immigration, who
has charge of the exhibit, land
have never seen so much interest dis
played as at this show. Drought
has hit this country hard the last
two years and many renters who are
paying So to $40 per acre cash rent,
or giving half of the crop, are dis
couraged and ready to hunt new
location, Many of them come to the
Minnesota exhibit and tell me they
are going to leave here in the fall
and seek a new location where lands
or rentals are lower.
1T is hard for people who have
never been out of the state to be-
lieve that the four-foot clover,
thirty-inch alfalfa, corn, potatoes,
fruit, etc., in the Minnesota booth
are products of Minnesota, but
when l have a chance to talk with
them, and show them our literature
all bearing the names of the men,
bers of the State Board of Immigra-
ton, which is the governor, secre-
tary of state, state auditor and two
others, 1 can usually convince them
that this is not a ''fake'' exhibit.
"There are lot Of good prospects
here, and l believe that if Minnesota
Commercial clubs or private parties
who have lands to sell would can
vass the territory tributary to Gales
burg and LaPorte, they would get a
lot of new farmers"
H. V. Eastman of Aitkin county
representing the Hill City CONNER.
cial club, is attending the Galesbure
fair and boosting hard for Aitkin
county.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
PITCHES ONE-HIT GAME.
Paul Twirls little Bemidg" to Vic
tory Over Round House Boys.

Allowing but one hit and given
strong support, Charlie Paul added
another victory to the Little Be-
midg" string, when the M. & I.
Round House boys were defeated
yesterday by score of 13 to 1. Paul
struck out nine while Dunlap famed
six. The M. & I. team is COM
prised Of only players who work at
the round house and has won seven
Of twelve games. They will have
a team in the field again next year.
The Bemidji players were, Tanner,
Howe, Brandon, Berrigan, Johnson,
Cords, E. Ripple, Anger and Paul.
M. & l., DeRusia, Smith, Renkie, Ii
tus, Ingersoll, Clark, Dunlap, Wick
and Coffield.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
FORMER BASEBALL STAR HERE

C. l.. Hansell, who two years ago,
with Dick Rudolph, was dropped
from the pitching staff Of the New
York Giants after a brief tryout, is
the guest Of Bemidji friends. Ru-
dolph is the man who has just COM
pleted a string Of eleven straight VIC
tories for the Boston Braves and is
largely responsible for the great
fight which is being waged by Stall
ling's men for the National league
championship. Hansell was for three
years manager of the Duluth league
team, and was for time with Fargo
and has brilliant records as twirler
in the Three I and other minor
league organizations. He was the
first, to recognize baseball ability III
Roy Patterson, now a veteran with
Minneapolis Hansell is. a brother
of H. c. Hansell of Bagley, we'll
known in Bemidji. He travels for
the Cary Safe company, having given
up baseball.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
MARY PICKFORD AT GRAND
Famous Movie Actress to Appear in
Weeks Series, Beginning Tonight.


Beginning this evening, Mary
Pickford, the popular actress of the
Famous Players star feature film SER
vice, will appear in a weeks series
at the Grand theatre. All of the
plays to be shown have been pre-
sented to patrons of the Grand pre-
viously and are returned because of
special requests. Tonight and to-
morrow "The Bishops Carriage
will be shown, with matinee tomor-
row afternoon; Wednesday, "Tess Of
the Storm Country" matinee 3
o'clock; Thursday, "Caprice," ma
tinee 3; Friday, Hearts Adrift, .
matinee 8, and Saturday, "A Good
Little Devil" matinee at 1880. An
other feature, Message From
Mars" will be shown. Sunday night.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
END SUCCESSFUL SEASON
Twenty Take Part in Final Trap
Shoot Of Bemidji Gun Club-Much
Interest Has Been Maintained.
T. .-..'' . 49, p e s.
PREPARE FOR HUNTING SEASON


With. the opening of the duck and
chicken season next Monday. trap
shooters are losing interest in that
sport and as a consequence the shoot
Of the Bemidji Gun club held yes
terday morning was the last Of the
season: The traps this year have
been visited by larger number
than ever before and much enthusi-
asm has at all times been evident.
Many high scores have been Sc,
cured and large number of new
trap shooters, capable of competing
with the more experienced followers
Of the game, have been developed.
Even more successful season is an
ticipated for next summer, -:
The scores of Sundays shoot
were: :. 49, =f5E
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
TROUT FRY COMING
0ee Hundred Cans to Be brought
{ Here Thursday Evening

one hundred cans Of lake and
brook trout fry will be brought to
sBemidji for distribution next Thurs
day evening. arriving here on the
Minnesota & international passen-
ger train from the twin cities. :: This
announcement was made by SC:
Bailey, chief game warden, this
morning. Anyone wishing to Sc
cure any Of the fry may do SO By
notifying Chief Bailey. Many Of the
cans have already been spoken for
and will be planted in brooks and
lakes in the vicinity. go
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
STOCK OPENS TONIGHT.
Margot Beaten Company Will Pre-.
sent ''Kitty's Romance"

"Kitty's Romance" a society
comedy in three acts, will be the OPP
ening bill Of the Margot Beaton
Stock company at the Brinkman the
atre this evening. Miss Beaton will
appear in the role of Kitty, a part
which she carries cleverly; Boris
Karloff, the difficult role of Sir Reg
inald Belsize; Sadie Creagan, as
Madame De Semiano; Mr.. Kemp as
Jack Travers, and the other mem
bers of the company will be seen in
roles for which they are we'll suited.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
MISS NEWTON WINNER.
Guesses Correct Answers in Missing
Word Contest.

Miss Bessie Newton, $40 Beltrami
avenue, was the winner in the Miss
ing Word contest, published in the
Bemidji Daily Pioneer, Friday, Au-
gust 49, The correct answers given
by Miss Newton were as follows:
The word "Theatre" was missing in
the Brinkman ad, third line. In the
Northern Auto company ad, third
line, the word "time'' was left out,
and in the Otto G.. Schwandt ad
"costs'' was left out in the third
line. Other contestants gave the
correct answers, but in addition to
the three correct answers also sub
mitted number of others which
were complete ads. Miss Newton
was the only one who submitted the
correct solution of the three ads only.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
R0BBERIEs CONTINUE.
SUPPLIES Worn by Choir Members
Among Stolen Articles.

s s Petit robberies continue in Be-
midi and the police department SO
far has been unable to locate the
guilty parties. During the past few
weeks the ST. Batholo mew's Episco-
5palian church. has been entered on
several occasions and dishes, silver:
ware. towels and even the surplices
worn by the choir, stolen, The po-
lice are working on the case and ar
rests are expected soon. .
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
TO EXPERIMENT FARM.
W. S. Duffy Accepts Foremanship at
Grand Rapids Institution.

w. S. Duffy, for ten years resi-
dent Of Bemidji and for three years
in charge of the high school farm,
has accepted a position as foreman
at the North Central Experiment
station, Grand Rapids, and will as
sumo his new duties at once. Otto
Bergh, now superintendent of the
Grand Rapids institution, while
agriculture in the Bemidu
schools had much respect for Duffy's
ability in connection with the school
farm and it was because of their re-
lations at that time that he offered
the Bemidji man proposition.
Duffy was born on farm and his
knowledge of the business is COM
plete and heGshould prove of much
assistance to Supt. Bergh. His rank
will be next to Supt. Bergh at Grand
Rapids. Duffy started for Grand
Rapids today, driving his team, and
Mrs. Duffy will leave tomorrow. 81
dislike leaving Bemidji," said Mr..
Duffy, 'but Mr.. Bergh's proposition
was such that I could not turn it
down. have lived in Bemidji ten
years and have seen the paved streets
and brick building come and watch
ed its great progress. shall al
ways regard it as being the best
small city in the state.''
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

J. E. Dade, Blackjack postmaster,
was a Bemidji visitor today. Mr..
Dade is taking much interest in the
forming of state and county fair ex-
hints. g. g4 ~ y -t-..s, ~, ( II ~ - l.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
Hayner Returns.

R. G.. Hayner, he land man, re-
turned to Bemidji last evening from.
Minneapolis in.:hfs newly. pgulrc hased:
Mitchell car. III Wass ACCOM- panied
W and a. !. s. !. S. Min s.
neapolis, who will return s stos the
cities this eYening Ssf s. 6 sS
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

WASHINGTON, AUG. 3d.
FRANCE IS CONSIDERING THE
ADvISABILITY OF MOVING THE
SEAT OF GOVERNMENT FROM
PARIS TO BORDEAUX AS A PRE-
CAUTIONARY MEASURE, AC-
CORDING TO OFFICIAL ADVICES
RECEIVED HERE TODAY. E
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
Council Meets TONIGHT.

Little business of Importance will
be brought before the council this
evening. One liquor license appli-
cation will be acted upon and sew
eral contracts for road building will
be let. a.. ~ Il '.~<
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

WASHINGTON, AUG. 31.-SEV-
ENTY THOUSAND BRITISH
TROOPS FOR THE LAST THREE
DAYS HAVE HELD IN CHECK
TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND GER
MAN TROOPS, 'UNRELIEVED BY
FRENCH RE1NF0RCEMENTS, &C.
CORDING TO INFORMATION RE-
CEIVED HERE TODAY THROUGH
NEUTRAL DIPLOMATS. THE AD-
VICES DID NOT GIVE THE PLACE
OF THE BATTLE.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
ALLIES MAKE SUPREME EFFORT TO Halt
GERMAN PROGRESS; BOMBS DROPPED
WzP ARIs; BRITISH CHECK ADVANCE
AMERICAN PRESS. J

PARIS, AUG. 31.-A SUPREME
EFFORT TO HALT THE GERMAN
THANKING MOVEMENT ON THE
NORTHWEST Is BEING MADE To-
DAY. AT DAYLIGHT THE FRENCH
ARMY WAS MAsSED ON THE
LORRAINE FRONTIER AND At
Tackled THE GERMAN LEFT,
AND BATTLE WAS SIGULTA-
NE0USLY RENEWED IN THE EN-
TIRE VOSGES REGION.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

BERLIN, AUG. Gin AN UN-
OFFICIAL STATEMENT ISSUED BY
THE GERMAN WAR OFFICE, DE-
CLARED THAT GERMAN ARMS
WERE VICTORIOUS in THE WEST
AND EAST IN FRANCE. IT IS
STATED THAT THE GERMAN AD-
VANCE CONTINUES AND THAT
THE FRENCH ARE NOW CUT OFF
FROM THEIR BASE THROUGHOUT
BY FLANK MOVEMENTS OF THE
GERMANS IN NORTHWESTERN
FRANCE. A STRONG GERMAN
COLUMN IS SAID TO BE INTER-
POSED BETWEEN THE BRITISH
ARMY OPERATING IN FIELD AND
SEA COAST CITIES UP TO WHERE
REINF0RCEMENTS HAVE BEEN
LANDED.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
'sPEC TO
REsER ION [ FAIR |
Red Lake Line eses for Extra
Service on Ben, sDay q Indian
!: !: I Exhibition nly IS g.
.EzCEIlENT PRoa lAll PLANNED
Large Delegations ION Agency to
Attend County Schroeder
u: Visits It spooner:

With q special train running from
this city to- Redby next Friday, Be
midi Day at the Indian Fair, a
large number are planning on being
in attendance on that day. The spe-
cial will leave BemNji at 9 o'clock
Friday morning andlnn the return
will leave Redby baeween S and s
o'clock. srrs.zF
Last, year more than three hundred
Bemidji residents attended the In
dian fair and were8of great assist
ance in making it ahe success that
it was This year the exhibition is
to be larger and better.than previ-
ously and Bemidti should take an
increased interest IL It as Red Lake
is one of Bemidj ifs best business
The closing up Of stores Friday
will be discussed atsthe Merchants
meeting tomorrow. 5..1 y
feeders. ~ ]. III s e s5zs, ~ :.
..:>.. Program q Dandy.
During all three days OF the fair,
Thursday, Friday and Saturday,
there will be gamesyof all kinds and
the program has been so arranged
that there will not be one dull mo-
ment L. .:sSl *:s5z ~ $3.50 .ssss =,
!: ii Many Coming Here. Id
Another featurassWhich should en-
courage large number to attend
the Indian Fair is because a large
delegation from the reservation is
planning on being present at the
Beltrami county fair which is to be
held here in two weeks.
Schroeder at spooner.
In speaking Of the visit of Charles
Schroeder, secretarys5of the Beltrami
County Agricultural society, 70
spooner, the News says: :. s..
Buiild ings Replaced.
The county fairs OF late years
have not been an successful as it
has been desired bnl Charlie assures
ds now that county has
secured the grounds stlie Old ex-
hibit buildings which were wholly
inadequate, have been torn down
and replaced by suitable buildings.
''The barns have been remodeled
and everything possible is being
done to make the fair an exhibition
Of the products of the county. A
good county fair does as much as
anything else in developing the ru:
raj district of the county and we
would be more than pleased to make
this. fair the best in northern Min.
nesota. We will be able to help out
a good deal, as soon rs the Kellihe,
line is built, which will be in the
near future, if the editors have Their
say about it." =: ~. -,
L
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31
Annual Meeting.

The next annual meeting of the
Minnesota Crop Improvement asso-
citation will be at Brainerd, Deem
Der 1, 2, 3 and 4, 1914. Affiliated
at this meeting will be the Northern
Minnesota Development association
and the Grow Wing County Pure
Seed association A large list of
prizes will be offered for all sorts
of seeds of farm crops.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

' SIS here will be a meeting of the
Easter Star tomorrow night, at 8.
O'Clock at the Masonic fall.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

PARIS, AUG 31.--A GERMAN
AERePLAEE APPEARED OVER
PARIS YESTERDAY AFTERNOON
AND D2C1rED SEVERAL BOMBS
INTO THE C1TY, TT NO DAM
AGE WAS DONE.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

Mrs. d. Berthiaume and daughters
! NIisscs Frances and Bernice Of Black
duck, who have been the guests Of
/ Mrs Berthiaume's daughters. Mes
danes M. j. and F. M. Lindholm for
some time, returned to their home
Saturday. s .ss5
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

ST. PETERSBURG, AUG. 31-
THE SECOND RUSSIAN OFFENSE,
NOW ENGAGED, HAVING REIN.
FORCED THE FIRST LINE, WHICH
ACCORDING TO THE WAR OF
FICE, HAS DRIVEN BACK THE
GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN COL
UMNS, WHICH HAVE BEEN CO.
OPERATING FOR THE DEFENSE
OF GALICIA AND EASTERN
PRUSSIA. -.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

M j. Kolb Of Bagley was a Be
midi business visitor Saturday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

BERLIN, AUG. Sit WAS Of
FICIALLY ANNOUNCED HERE To-
DAY THAT ABOUT THIRTY
THOUSAND RUSSIANS HAVE
BEEN TAKEN PRISONERS BY
GERMANS DURING THE FIGHT
ING IN EAST PRUSSIA. THEY IN
CLUDE MANY OFFICIALS OF
HIGH RANK. -
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1914-08-31

LONDON, AUG. 31.-AN OFF,
CIAL TELEGRAM DECLARES
THAT FRESH FORCES OF GER.
MANS HAVE MADE THEIR AP-
PEARANCE ON PRUSSIAN FROM.
TIER AND THAT AT SOME
POINTS THEY ARE TAKING THE
OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE RUS
SLAMS. =
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-12-28
WATERING SHADE TREES IN
CITY STREETS.

A very ingenious and practical de-
vice for assuring the trees on city
sidewalks a sufficient supply of wa
ter, no matter how dry the season
and how hard baked the earth, has
recently been put in operation in
Strasburg by Mr.. Sauer, the city tree
inspector. 1t consists of a tube of
iron or lead bent into the form of a
ring large enough to encircle the stem
of the tree. The earth is removed
so that this ring may be placed Just
Above the roots, and is then filled in
again, leaving the end of pipe con-
Meeting with the ring projecting above
the surface of the ground. The top
of the ring is pierced with large
number of small holes, and tin COW
er 2r shield prevents these from be-
coming stopped up with earth. By
means Of a funnel in the protruding
end of the pipe any desired amount
OF water may be supplied to the roots
wia11ut waste or loss of time. A fur
ther advantage, according to Prone
theus, is the ventilation thus secured
of the earth in the vicinity of the
roots.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-12-28
NEW ROADS IN ECUADOR.

There is but one completed rail-
road in Ecuador, that between Quay
aquil and Quito. Until this road was
extended in 1915 Quito was, by mod
ern standards, considered to be shut
out from the world. Another road,
the Amabato-to-C -Curaray railway, 100
miles long, is under construction
which viii connect the Guayaquil and
Quito railway at Ambato with the
easterly provinces of the republic. The
last consignment of rails for this new
road is expected soon. Two Baldwin
locomotives have been received and
other rolling stock has been ordered
from the United States. The prelim-
mary survey is nearly completed for
still another railroad between Puerto
Bolivar and Borja known as the
trans-Amazon railway. This road will
connect the Pacific coast with the
head of navigation on the Maranon
river, the same by which the upper
Amazon is known as it passes
through the Peruvian Andes within !.
hundred miles of the Pacific ocean
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-12-28
BALTIC ICE AND THE WAR.

The Russians have saying that
General January and General Febru-
ary are their best allies in the task
of defending the cars empire. This
saying, of course, calls to mind, first
Of all, the hardships inflicted upon
Invading armies by the rigorous Rus
sian winter, as during the retreat of
Napoleon's grand army from Mos
COW, and again during the winter
campaigns of the Crimean war.
The situation with respect to naval
warfare is, however, complicated by
the fact that while many European
Forts are made inaccessible to an
enemy by ice during the coal season,
the same ice tends to immobilize the
Pussian fleet. Thus the advantage
gained in defense is offset by dim
mutton in the powers of offense.
These conditions must be reckoned
with in thep resent war.
At this writing the German fleet
and coast are threatened by the naval
forces of Russia in the battle of the
Baltic and those of Great Britain in
the North Sea. To what extent this
Will be true during the winter will
depend somewhat upon weather the
season proves to be mild or severe.
In the North Sea ice never offers a
serious obstruction to steam navipa-
ton oxcept-and then racely-along
the coasts and in the mouths of riy-
ers. In the Baltic, much of the sen
is choked by ice every winter, though
ctnditions vary immensely from year
to year and from place to place. En-
trance to the principal ports, except
in the extreme north, is, however.
facilitated by the use of ice-breaL-
ers. Thus even in the Gulf Of Fin
land, in March, 1899, the breaker
Ermack steamed through fixed ice,
two or three feet in thickness, at the
rate of six to eight knots, from the
melidian of Reval to st. Petersburg.
making channel of her own width
leo miles long. Hence, Of the two
great Russian naval ports on the Bal
tic, kronstadt can he kept open dur
inc at least a part of the nominally
closed season by artificial means,
While Libau is natural ice-free ex-
cept in winters of most unusual Sc
verify. One Of these exceptional cases
was the winter of 1929, when Lii
bau was closed to navigation from
January 10th to March 18th. All the
German Baltic ports are easily kept
open to steamers by the use of Ice
breakers when necessary.