Evening journal., 1914-08-20
Critical TIME
FOR ELECTION OF
A new PONTIFF
Continued from First Pogel

CONTINUED from First Pagel
time in the history of the Catholic
Church.
Distinctly Representative.
For the first time In history the
Sacred College is directly representa-
tive of the entire Catholic world II
is literally an international" body
whereas in the past vast majority
of the Cardinals have been Italians.
The creation of Cardinals by Pope
Plus has wiped out this big majority.
As now constituted, the Sacred Col
lege is composed of half Italians and
half foreigners. The English speak
ing nations now have seven Cardinals
OF their own, while three others are
regarded as representing indirectly
the English-speaking races. Il is
considered certain that the European
war may also have great weight In
the selection of the new Pope. AL
though the conclaves are supposed
10 be removed from all outside poll
tical influence, the election Of the Pope
always has developed into political
struggle between the nations of the
Triple Entente and the Triple ALI
ance, now at war
Until the time Of Pope Plus the
power OF veto was several times ex-
ercised even In the conclave by
Cardinals who had come to Rome
from instructions from the monarch
of their nation that the election of
some cardinal believed to be friendly
TO another power should not be per-
mitted. Pope Plus was elected be-
cause Of the veto registered by Cardi-
nal Puzyna against Cardinal RAM
polla on behalf of Emperor Franz
Joseph OF Austria.
Veto Is Abolished.
IL was because Of this interference
that Pope Plus issued new orders for
the conduct of the conclave. Previous
popes, of course, have denied the right
of France, Spain or Austria TO veto the
election Of any pontif, but failed 10
make any provision insuring its enforce
ment. The order Of Pope Plus abolished
the veto and indicts the sentence of ex-
communication upon any cardinal oI
any other person who attempts to exer.
else it. As a consequence. it is expected
that the conclave ct which the successor
Of Pope Plus will be selected free from
such interference
The English-speaking cardinals now
] III the NdtIeu AoucIe dlet Cardinals
Gibbons. Farley and O'Connel, Of tn,
United States; Bourne and Gasquet. OF
England; Begin of Canada. and Cardi
nal Logue, of Ireland. In addition e
these, however, there is Cardinal Merry
Del Val. who, although Of Spanish ori
gin, was educated in England. and is o
pronounced English proclivties. Cardi
nal Faleonio. although Italian by birth
is a naturalied American citizen. an,
for wears was apostolic delegate a
Washington. Cardinal Martinell. hi
predecessor at Washington, was Away
consulted by Pope Plus on affairs re
e lating TO the United States.
C The other nations are now repre-
{ cented in the Sacred COLLEGE at fol
r lows: Italy. 33 Cardinals: France. Z
p Ausiria-H Hungary. g.: South America
y 2: Spain, s. Germany, 2; Portugal. .
+ Belgium. /. and Holland. /. The inter
8 national aspect OF the Sacred Colleg
e is also emphasized by the fact tina
e manv of the Italian cardinals are me
C OF the widest COSMOPOLITAN cultur
IS and may be regarded as Italian i
h birth onlv Thew have been in IN
service Of the church. in many othe
p nations. Fourteen new cardinal
'e we're created by Pope Plus at IN
n Consistory held this spring and Il
&c a notable fact that he chose men VIII
ID rose as he did in the church. from
q parish priest, and without regard {
u noble blood