davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Little Evelyn Acies, who has been
i'll at Glover Lawn, is much better
and was taken to her home Tuesday
evening.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
New Orleans, La, April 15.-Th,
transport HaAcock with $50 marinei
sailed today TO join the battleshiI
fleet at Tampico.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Ollie E. Bannister has been quite
i'll at his home on Ouray avenue for
several days.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Gretchen Owens was visitor tC
Grand Junction Sunday.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15
STOCK MARKET.

New York, April 15.-Today's
closing quotations on the board of
trade were as follows:
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

The @. S. club held a pleasant
meeting last evening with Miss Mont
gomery as hostess.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Rev. c. Poirier attended the Gold
stein lecture Monday night.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

A, r. Allen is visiting in the Grand
Valley this week. registered at the
La Court from Fairmont. Maine.
E, NJ. PauHin. who arrived yester-
day from Denver. left this morning
Tor the Delta and Montrose sections
for weekend visit.
C. H. Vogel. a well known Palisade
man, was local visitor yesterday.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15
FruitaNews Notes

White. Small. Green, Porter and Mes
srs. Due. Woods and Han.
Mr. and Mrs. Carnahan are mov-
! ing n part of their effects to their
country home northeast of F'rufta,
this week Mrs. Castelar, and the
Misses Maude and Helen Carnahan
will remain in town.
Mrs. Jacob Baisch returned Mon
day evening from Grand Junction.
where she had been visiting since
Saturday.
Rev. McGlashen spent Monday in
the Junction.
c. c. Kiefer was among those
who took in the Goldstein lecture at
Grand Junction Monday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph de Blaquiere
and little daughter are expected to
arrive from indianapolis in a few
days. They will make their home
for the summer on the Redlands.
Rev. c. Poirier attended the Gold
stein lecture Monday night.
Gretchen Owens was a visitor to
Grand Junction Sunday.
Mrs. Raber, who has been i'll for
some days, was taken to Glover
Lawn hospital Saturday.
Miss Edna Garrison is numbered
among the sick this week.
Sam Moore left for Dragon Tues
day for an indefinite stay.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Rector. Mr..
and Mrs. Joseph Proctor and Robert
Harding of Grand Junction, and Mrs.
Bart Owens OF Fruita motored to
Mack Sunday to see the sheep shear
ing.
The Misses Anna Groves. Zoe
Phillips and Halle Bergesser and
Messrs. Hyatt. Standifird, Dorr Finni-
cum and Thurman Nearing were
among those who visited Mack Sun
day.
Little Evelyn Acies, who has been
i'll at Glover Lawn. is much better
anu MaS laheH ~ h'i HoHAS Se.''''
evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Adams, Mrs.
Lucian Foster and the Misses Grace
and Sarah Foster motored to Mack
Sunday.
The @. s. club held pleasant
meeting last evening with Miss Mont
gomery as hostess.
Victor Whittemore was numbered
among the sick yesterday.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Victor Whittemore was numbered
among the sick yesterday.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

White. Small. Green, Porter and Mes
srs. Due. Woods and Han.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph de Blaquiere
and little daughter are expected to
arrive from indianapolis in a few
days. They will make their home
for the summer on the Redlands.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

c. c. Kiefer was among those
who took in the Goldstein lecture al
Grand Junction Monday evening.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15
..::..:..::..:.:..*:..:..:...::.:...:..:.
ToThe Public

We take pleasure in announcing that Miss Nell
lie Kelly who is we'll and favorably known to
many of this community, has become interested in
this company and from this date assumes the posi-
tion of manager. Miss Celia Kelley enters the
employ of the company.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Rev. MeGlashen spent Monday II
the Junction.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Mrs. Jacob Baisch returned Mon.
day evening from Grand Junction
where she had been visiting since
Saturday.
The daily sentinel., 1914-04-15

Mr. and Mrs. Carnahan are NOV.
ing n part of their effects TO theil
country home northeast of Fruita
this week. Mrs. Castelar, and tbs
Misses Maude and Helen Carnahar
will remain in town.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
Teaching Agriculture

The teaching OF agriculture In the
public schools Is not a fad but the
inevitable result Of our development
We have been making progress in this
direction for four hundred years ana
the time has arrived when the pro-
motion of education in scientric agri-
culture must be conducted through
the public schools as wall as through
the special agricultural schools that
have been established.
Agricultural colleges experiment
stations, technical schools Of Agricul.
stitutes, short courses and other sim
liar activities have accomplished
much but they are now insufficient
The study OF agriculture has dis
tinct value as mental training whfoh
improves the quality of the school
work sufficiently to justify it, use
even II we disregard tho great value
Of the information obtained.
The fear that It could not be taught
was quickly shown to be groundlooo
because 1t is actually being taught ana
very successfully In a great maoy
places Certain useless portions Of
arithmetic, grammar, physiology. "a
other studies may readily be sop-
planted by moro practical WORK -
agriculture. home-making. ana othef
subjects relating to the everyday Inc
Of the students.
In the rural schools the many
things that may be done or studied
include counting the stand Of corn
saving and storing seed corn. ooso-
Judging. contrasting. planter-tese109s
preparing the seed for the planteH
the preparation Of tho seed bed
growth Of the corn plant processes
OF cultivation, the history Of corn and
study Of what becomes Of the corn
crop, the study Of weeds, the harm
they do. and tho means Of getting rid
OF them study Of poultry and other
live stock. and the study Of the. Ansu
grains.-A. v. Storm.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
BY r. s. CURTIS

rapidly. While If they are dipped
for scab or while the wool is on they
should be immersed severot. times and
held under, excepting the head, from
one and one-half to two minutes. In
case of sheep scab all should be
loosened so that the dip will thorough
ly penetrate the exposed parts.
The dipping tank can be made OF
wood, galvanized iron, or concrete.
The concrete tank will last indefinitely
and is the most economical type In the
end. The galvanized tank can be pur-
chased on the market at moderate
cost.
In the actual construction Of dip
ping tank the aim should be to provide
for efficient dipping and still not have
the tank so large as to require an
excessive amount Of dip. If properly
constructed the saving OF dip will
prove to be an item during the season.
The ordinary galvanized iron tank
Is the one in most common use, but II
is not as lasting as a tank built OF
brick and then cemented, or the solid
concrete vat built in mould or form.
This will cost more, but will last q
lifetime and there will be no 'bulging
or leaking If the masonry work has
been properly done. A tank 10 feet
long at the top, 4 feet long at the
bottom, 20 inches wide at the top and
inches wide at the bottom. and N
feet deep will answer every purpose.
The tank should be set to inches
above ground to keep out surface
drainage and filth. All necessary
equipment for dipping should be
located convenient to the yards or
lots where the stock is kept. This
will make frequent dipping less trouble
and expense. The animal should be
dropped bullock first into the disln-
fecting solution. A draining floor
should be provided. If sheep are
dipped with the wool on they will
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
WATER THE HORSES oFTENER.

Some farmers find it quite profitab Bile
and certainly humane to give their
horses bucket of water several times
during the long mornings and after
Moons of the summer For this pur-
pose they arrange a barrel on a small
sled and each morning take it with
them to the field.
During the long mornings and after
Moons it will be found to be profitable
to give the teams bucket Of water.
The horses do not drink much at a
time but they relish 1t and it stimu-
lates them and In no small measure
averts the dangers of overheating.
Users of horses in cities know the
value of watering often and they do
not pass a drinking place without Of
fering their horses water. These
teams are generally worked under
high pressure and under distressing
conditions. Yet with fair treatment
the horses stand up well and do a
great volume of work. In the dirt
and heat Of the great cities 1t is safe
to assume that If the practice Of
watering only three times a day was
observed, much less work could be
done and many horses would fall vic
tim to heat and overwork.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
Feeding the Calf

The mothers milk should be fed the
hrst week. beginning when the calf
Is twenty-four to thirty-six hours old.
The milk must be fresh and warm.
about S5 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit,
pail preferably . tin pail. A wooden
clean.
The second week whole milk from
any COW may be fed. and the third
week, II the calf 10 In good health ana
growing nicely. the change to skim
milk may be begun. Do not make tho
mistake Of feeding more skim milk
simply because the cream IL removed.
The whole milk contains about az
much protein a. tho calf can handle
and when skim milk II fed in large
quantities the calf gets more than he
can use. and a. consequence sick
calf IL the result.
The change from whole milk to
skim milk must Do gradual: from one
half to one and one-half pounds day.
depending upon the size and vigor Of
calf To an average calf. two weeks
old, we would feed about twelve
pounds q day Of whole milk. The nrst
day Of the third week, or when 1t Is
desirable to begin the change, the
daily feed would be eleven pounds OF
whole milk and one pound Of skim
milk; the second day, ten pounds Of
whole milk and two pounds Of skim
milk. and SO on until the complete
change Is made. It is just as essen
ial to feed the skim milk warm as
the whole milk. although when the
calf gets larger and stronger. six to
ten weeks old. a gradual change to
cold milk may be made.
Allow the calf clean, airy paddock
or box stall in which to get exercise.
Give him some we'll cured hay, such
as timothy and clover, or timothy
alone, as soon as he will eat it, which
Will be when he is from three to four
weeks old Alfalfa in small quantities
may be Id. but with this roughage
there is LANCER Of the calls eating
more than he can properly digest
era In may be fed as soon as he will
take 1t, and for this purpose mixture
OF bran and crushed oats or crushed
oats alone Is recommended.-Prof A.
+. Nystro'n. Washington
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
TAKING THE SCHOOL TO THE
FARMER.

Sixty-two railroad instruction trains
operated during last year by the office
Of experiment stations Of the United
States department Of agriculture cove
cred more than $4,000 miles, and the
meetings held in them were attended
by nearly 100000 people. Movable
schools to the number Of 149 were
held, with an attendance Of 10000.
Farmers Institutes. Of which more
than $4,000 sessions were held,
brought together more than 100000
persons to discuss agricultural affairs.
Counting special Institutes. the attend
ance was more than 5000. 000--an in
crease OF over 100000 over the pre-
vious year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

A dipping tank should be on every
farm. The tank can not only be used
for sheep but for hogs and young
calves as we'll, so that the entire out
lay need not be charged up against
the sheep. Dipping is especially val
liable in overcoming the ravages of
scab, lice and ticks but it will prove
beneficial in preventing eye, nose and
mouth troubles. If regular dipping
is practiced 1t will not only prevent to
a large extent many Of the ravages
common to sheep, but 1t will~maintain
the flock in much better state of
general healthfulness.
There are number of proprietary
dips on the market which can be used
successfully at moderate cost.
Standard dips of this kind are gener-
ally used in the proportion Of one
part of dip to forty parts Of water.
making a two and one-half per cent
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
FREE RANGE FOR CHICKS.

When incubator chickens are from
8 to 10 weeks old, we give them Il free
range. and feed them from hoppers,
which are filed once a week. These
hoppers have two compartments, one
for the meal mixture and the other
for the cracked grains. Some poultry
men water their chicks only once a
week. They use good-sized barrel
fill it with water, and haul 1t to a
shady place where it will keep cool
The barrel is fitted with a tap, which
is set so as to let the water drop into
a pan just fast enough to keep up the
supply without waste. This plan lie
followed till the time for rounding UP
the chicks for the winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

Weeds may be classified In dinerent
WAYS, One Of the most useful classln-
cations ID based on the length OF time
the weeds live This gives three class
e.: Annual, biennial. and perennial.
An annual weed 10 one that starts
from the seed in the spring, develops
into a plant which flowers and SEEDS
the same year, and then dies: or, IN
other words, an annual weed is one
that lives but one growing season.
Most az our weeds belong to this class.
Some plants are known as winter
ANIMALS. Their seeds ripen early IN
the summer, fall to the ground and
germinate reaching certain stage
Of growth before frost. AS soon as the
frost Is out Of the ground the next
spring. they continue their growth and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
THE PRODUCTION OF MAPLE SYRUP AND SUGAR
BY b. e. LARA

metal Experiments in New Hamp
shire show that practically twice the
amount of sap is obtained when the
trees are tapped to depth of or 5
inches as when tapped but 2 or IN
inches, as is the usual practice. If a
y Inch bit be used in making the
holes practically no harm to the tree
is done. Sugar makers frequently tap
their trees so that 2 sprouts run into
the same pail. In such cases the holes
should be at least 8 inches apart.
In "sugaring OFF, = boiling down
maple sap into syrup and sugar an
accurate thermometer is one of the
best helps the sugar maker can have.
Common tin thermometers are seldom
accurate. When sap first boils Its
temperature Is about 21s degrees F.;
as 1t increases in density by boiling
down the temperature rises. This fact
Is taken advantage Of to make syrup
and sugar Of uniform character each
time. To make syrup that will not
granulate on standing and yet have
body, the sap should be boiled down
until the thermometer registers 219
degrees F. Syrup thus made will
weigh exactly II pounds to the gallon
and will not grain on standing. II
allowed to go above this 1t will grain.
In practice, the syrup is usually taken
off just before it reaches PIG degrees r.
Maple sap contains some Impurities
one Of the more prominent of which
is "nitre" or sugar sand" This con-
sists mostly Of the raalate Of lime and
greatly increases in quantity toward
the end Of the sugar season. The tenn
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
OBJECTS OF SOIL T1LLAGE.

Speaking in a broad way, drainage
and any similar operation might be
included under soil tillage; but. in the
usual acceptance OF the term, soil
tillage" refers only to the operations
necessary to the PROPAGATION of culti-
vable soil for the planting of crops, and
to the subsequent processes necessary
in bringing these crops to maturity.
The principal reasons for all care and
tillage of the soil are: To provide a
home or growing place for the desired
crop; to liberate plant food; to con-
serve soil moisture; and to destroy
weeds. With proper tillage we are
able to overcome or modify adverse
climatic conditions. and by 1t we may
Improve conditions already favorablas
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
PROTECT THE TREE ROOTS.

In digging q tree, preserve as
many Of the roots, as possible, espe-
cially the nne rootc which feed the
larger ones. DO not let these roots
dry In the sun or wind. They should
be protected with burlap. canvas. or
straw until they are set in the ground.
This is especially true Of evergreens.
Exposure Of the roots to the sun or
wind for one minute will set the resin
In the root and stop further develop
ment OF the plant. This IL matter
that does not seem to be well under
stood, or at least needed, by our tree
planters. Thousands of evergreens
are destroyed each year by careless
handling. either in tho nursery or./as
Is the usual case. by the planter. One
cannot be too careful in handling
either the evergreen or the hardwood
trees to keep the roots from drying.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

ripen seeds very early in the spring.
Some weed examples of winter ANIMALS
are peppergrass and shepherds purse.
These plants are also ANIMALS, how
ever. just as winter wheat is winter
annual. but If sown In spring, 10 an
ordinary annual.
A biennial weed is one that lives for
two years. The first year 1t starts
from the seed and develops large
tap root below the ground and a ro-
settle OF leaves above ground, but does
not flower or seed. The large tap root
is stored full Of food which gives the
plant an early start the following
spring. From the center OF the
rosette Of leaves stalk Is sent up
which bears flowers and, later. SEEDS:
At the en-, Of the second year the
plant dies Two good illustrations OF
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
HAVE A WELL-PREPARED SEED
BED.

The tender nature of the young
alfalfa plant makes well-prepared
seed bed necessary. The root Of the
young plant strikes down imme-
diately, and it will be seriously in
jured II 1t, strikes a layer Of dry,
loose soil at the bottom of an old fur
row, or If the ground has many hard,
unbroken clods In 1t. A very good
plan is to let the ground settle for a
few weeks before seeding. It is also
important that the preparation of
the ground be uniformly good. as
the poorly prepared spots are likely
to fail, and these bare places will
form centers from which weeds will
spread and perhaps injure the entire
field.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
OUR UNDESIRABLE PLANT CITIZENS" WEEDS
Learn How They Grow What They Look Like When They Mature Seed
nheeed From Year. in They Thrive BadMay
ThenAeQ Q y

which are more or less notched. form
rosette at the base Of the plant The
small leaves are arrow-shaped The
plant grows from six to twenty inches
in height, and has small white flowers.
The name is derived from the shape
Of the seed pod. The seeds are very
small, single plant often producing
$4,000 of them. The plant Is trouble
some, mainly because of it's early and
prolific seed bearing qualities. 1t is
easily subdued by good blowing and
clean culture. 1t yields readily to the
cultivator and the hoe. Well-prepared
seed beds and full seeding will prevent
the weed In most cases.
Burdock Is biennial plant with a
large. deep tap root The leaves
which are large. are generally fuzzy
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

forms a rosette of leaves fiat on the
ground. Later the Towering stalk is
produced. The plant is much branch
ed, which gives it bushy appearance.
The flowers are white, very small and
inconspicuous. The seed pods are
about one-tenth Of an inch wide and
somewhat heart-shaped, being notched
at the tip. Each pod has two seeds,
of reddish yellow. The seeds are oval
and very fat and thin. Peppergrass
Is not considered very serious weed,
and does damage mostly by crowding
out other plants. 1t flowers early In
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
THE INSECT TAX.

After much computing, the experts
of the department Of agriculture at
Washington have set the value Of the
agricultural products destroyed each
year In the United States by insect
pests at eight hundred million dollars,
says The Youths Companion. That
vast sum may be called the insect tax
paid by the farmers. 1t is much
larger than the tax paid each year for
the education Of American children,
and much larger than the amount at
which the buildings and endowments
Of the six hundred colleges in this
country are valued. It is twice as
large as the amount lost in the San
Francisco fire, and three or four times
as large as the combined bonded and
floating debts Of all the states Of the
Union.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

weed out to prevent 1t from seeding
before the main crop is cut. Plow
the land as soon as the crop of grain
is removed. Then replow late in the
fall, leaving all roots possible exposed
A three year rotation Of barley, clover,
corn, or other cultivated crop should
be practiced.
The bull thistle is often mistaken
for Canada thistle. 1t is, however.
much larger and more rugged. This
weed may be eradicated by preventing
the plants from going to seed for two
years. Cutting once or twice in q
season will usually suffice. 1t is not
generally troublesome in well-tilled
fields and disappears under good ro-
tation systems.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

this class Of weeds are the bull thistle
and the burdock.
A perennial weed is one which can
grow year after year without recedlng
and is, in most cases, the worst klnd
Of weed to eradicate. A perennial
weed is frequently provided with run
ming underground roots. or rootllke
stems called root stalks. Thereof stalks
run underground parallel to the surface
of the ground and at intervals, send
up branches which may later on be
separated from the MAIN plant and
may become independent plants and
form flowers and seedsI In cases like
the Canada thistle, true roots form
underground runners similar In APP
pearance and action to the root stalks.
The root runners Of the Canada thistle
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30
SUNLIGHT.

Sunnsh: is one of the best and
cheapest disinfectants at our disposal,
ana we should take advantage of this
fact at every opportunity, In the con-
rurtion OF barns or shelters Of any
k.ad Tor animals ample provision
should be made for the admission of
the maximum amount of sunlight
soutnern exposure is desirable. that is
navi ans the he. majority of the windows
Iaclng the south. The warmth this
PROVIDES IN cold weather is desira BILE,
ana much Of the excessive heat N
summer can be avoided by providing
sultaoIe curtains or screens. Most
ulsease germs are easily killed by d.
Iect sunlight. as has been repeatedly
SHOWN by experiments,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-05-30

T. .
Continued cutting will exhaust the
plants. and, In time exterminate them.
The process may be fastened by cut
ting off deeply below the surface and
applying handful of salt or a few
drops of gasoline or kerosene to the
root Of each plant.
The Canada thistle is perennial
which ranges from one, to three feet
in height. The flower heads are rose
purple in color. A white feathery tuft
of hair Is attached to the mature seed
which aids in its distribution. The
plant flowers from June to September
but usually natures In July. The first
step in the eradication of this weed Is
to prevent all plants from going tc
seed. 1t is often necessary to go into
grain fields with a scythe and cut this