davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
OPPOSE POSTAL INCREASE
in PRINTED MATTER RATE
ASSEMBLY AND LABEL LEAGUE
WILL so NOTIFY CoNGRESSMEN.
Proposed Change Would Work to Detri-
ment of Printing Industry All
Over the Country.

A movement to double second-class
postal rates, which apply to newspa-
pers, magazines and periodicals of every
description has been resurrected in Con-
gress, presumably by reason of the sue
cess OF the parcel post and Postmaster
Burleson's declaration in favor of gov
ernment ownership of the telegraph and
telephone systems. Besides these cor
porations, the express and railroad COM
panies are championing the increase in
postal rates.
In order that representatives in Con-
gress may know the attitude of organ
Trades and Labor Assembly and the
Label League have adopted the following
resolutions, proposed by Edward ]. Hines
NJ the Typographical Union:
Whereas, Because of the threatened
100 per cent increase in second-class
postage by Congress, the printing and
publishing industry is face to face with
a problem which means that the perma-
nent portion OF the printing trades, the
branch which gives continuous employ
ment to an important portion of our
craft, is liable to be charged $40 a ton
instead Of $50 ton-a figure which
has been established almost 80 years
for handling magazines and trade papers;
and.
Whereas, This doubling of the cost for
distributing printed matter will affect
the entire membership OF the printing
trades. because il is well understood that
anything which unduly taxes produe-
tion reduces opportunity for employment
in that industry; and,
Whereas. The official reports OF the
Postoffice Department show a surplus of
more than Si.OO00OO for the year 1913.
no harm can come to the postal service
because OF the present rates; but should
this increase be put into force it would
work serious hardship to many and an
utilization to numerous enterprises now
struggling for foothold; therefore. be 1t
Resolved. BY Denver Union Label
League No. !. in regular session assem-
bled, that we protest TO Congress,
through our senator's aitd congressman,
against this proposed increase in second
class mail matter as inimieal TO the en-
tire printing industry in this state and
throughout the entire country; and. be it
further
Resolved. That n communication. in
cluding this resolution, be sent TO each
senator and congressman from Colora-
do urging them to use their voice and
vote against this proposed increase in
our postal rates"
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
GEN" KELLEY A sTRIKEBREAKER.
Is a RAT" Printer and Condemned BY
Labor Unionists

General" Kelly. leader OF the so-called
army Of unempiyed 10 California. which
be- hn. mustered for a march to Wash
ington. b. a rat" printer and profes-
sional -trikehrcaker. according 10 let
ter written by james W Mullen. editor
cot thc Labor Clarion. official paper Of
the san Francisco Central Labor Couu-
Gil Kelly has been refused admission 60
any of the union halls. and his army con-
sist- of Industrial Wonder Worker
Major" Thorn. second ia command Of
the army. Is an organizer for the chi.
cago wing OF the 1. w VS. says Edi-
tor Mullen:
a union here and there has been de-
cvivcd into helping the army out. but IL
is made up OF positively the most WORTH
less bunch of human beings l ever saw
in my life. There is no merit in their
cause and there is no reason why
bunch like them should be encouraged in
their course"
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28

Try Principe de Lees cigar for an
,fter-dinncr smoke. Union made.-Adv.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
WHERE TO FIND EN-.

II you are lonesome and want a pleas
ant place TO spend an afternoon or even
ing, with congenial companions, daily
papers, magazines and books, join the
Trade Union Benefit Association elub,
second floor Quincy building, 18th and
Curtis. All union men eligible.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
WEAK POINTS IN UNIONISM
SUBJECT OF CONFERENCE
CALL FOR MEETING ISSUED BY
TYPOGRAPHICAL COMMITTEE.
Will Study the Question and Apply Sci
entific Treatment to 1t if Sufficient
Interest Is Manifested.

Some weeks ago The Bulletin published
the substance OF paper indorsed by
Denver Typographical Union No. 40, i'll
which il was asserted that closer study
of conditions affecting wage -earners was
essential to strengthen the weak spots in
the trade union movement in Denver.
The committee having this matter in
charge issued the paper in pamphlet form
for general circulation and visited most
OF the local unions in reference to the
matter. A call for a meeting to further
this plan has Just been issued as follows:
Denver, Colo, March 81, 1914.
To All Members of Organized Labor:
Ladies and Gentlemen-Pursuant to
leaflet recently addressed to the wage
earners of Denver by Typographical
Union No. 40, entitled AN Appeal to All
Members of Organized Labor in which
were set forth what are believed to be
the weak points in the present policy of
organized labor, as well as an outline OF
what we believe should be its future at
ttude toward industrial conditions, we
now request all organizations which ap-
prove the program presented in our
Appeal to elect delegates mot to eX-
coed threel to a conference to be held
under the auspices of Denver Typograph-
ical Union No. 40, the object of which is
to devise ways and means of making it
possible for the wage-earners to meet
and study, in an up-to-date and scien-
tific manner. their position as workers
and how best to further the common in
terest.
The conference will be held Thursday,
April %, at 2o2 Quincy building. Seven
teenth and Curtis. at 5 o'clock p. m.
II favorable action is taken upon above
request, kindly notify the undersigned
chairman.
Fraternally yours.
L. ID. HOSMAN. Chairman.
OSCAR ANDERSON.
tScall J. +. SELLER.
OSCAR ANDERSON,
+. J. PULVER.
WILLIAM TANNER.
Committee.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
RAILWAY DEPARTMENT TO MEET.
Second Biennial Convention at Kansas
City Next Month.

The second biennial convention OF the
Railroad Employee Department OF the
American Federation OF Labor will be
held in Kansas City beginning Mt 10
"a. m. Monday. April II. Basis of rep.
rescntation will be ono delegate from
each craft from each railroad system
Sessions viii be held in the Labor Tenn
pie and headquarters have been estab-
lished at Hotel Edward. Accommoda-
tions will bc provided for 100 delegates
A. q Wharton of St Louis is puesi.
dent of the department and will preside
over the convention. John Scott is the
secretary treasurer Members OF the
Executive Council OF the American Fed
Grafton of Labor win attend. and Secre-
tary w b. Wilson OF the United States
Department of Labor has been invited to
he present and deliver an address,
Since the Railroad Employees Depart
ment was organized more than 30 rail.
way systems have signed federated trade
agreements with the shop crafts.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
GARDEN AND FLOWER SEEDS. ETC.

SWEET PEAS SHOULD SOON BE
planted-March II is the accepted
date. Our seeds are carefully selected
and are reliable; the color shadings
are especially well selected. Try THE
HArNES SEED co. this year, 1904
Fifteenth street. Phone Main asl.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
FINED FOR IMPORTING LABoRERs.

One of the largest verlicts ever recov.
cred by the government for violation of
the alien contract labor law-that for
$4,000 against the Grant Bros.'s Con.
struction Company, California corpor-
alton. was affirmed Monday by the Su.
prcme Court. Through its representa-
tivcs the company participated in bring.
ing into the United States I5 MeNicans
Naco. Aris
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
POULTRY AND EeGs-FoR SALE

THoRoHBRED WHITE oRPTNGToN
setting eggs from so0-egg birds, $3.50
per l5i 100 per cent fertility. Baby
chicks e5 cents eaeh-Best in the West.
Mrs. May t. Hessell. 1897 Clermont
street. Phone York 342s.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
HosMER GETS U. S. CUSTOMS JOB

George Z. Hosmer Of Fort Morgan and
Denver, former commissioner OF state
printing under Governor Shafroth. and
a strong friend of labor unions. was this
week appointed by President Wilson as
collector of customs for Colorado to sue
ceed John +. Vivian. Hosmer will as
sumo charge OF the office in about
week. The position pays $500 per year
and carries a number OF minor appoint
meuts.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28

Statistics prove that this country
uses more sugar than any other. Not.
however, more taffy.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28

If your grocer
or Udgon
deliuery does
not hdue it
telephone an
order to one of
the shops
listed in this
advertisement
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28

Try Principe de Lees cigar for an
after-dinner smoke. Union made.-Adv
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28

Beats them all. la Belle Sc cigar
union made in Dcnver.-Adv.
United labor bulletin., 1914-03-28
ONE ON IDLE WONDER WORKERS.

One OF the noble army of Idle Wonder
Workers who led 200 men to New
York church and demanded that Lenten
services cease and the building be turned
into lodging house for his army was
arrested. When the poor starving fellow
was searched II was found he had but
$3.50 in cash to prevent him from starv-
ing TO death in a great city.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19

Hardly had dawn come on the morn
ing OF March IS when his army was
ordered forward. to march through Bar
surAube to Troyes. and thence to Fon-
taincbleau--a roundabout way care
fully calculated by the Emperor. who
wished to protect his right flank by
the Seine, to avoid the danger OF
Meaux, and especially because the coun-
try to be traversed could be counted
upon to provide food for men and forage
for horses.
A messenger from the Postmaster
General in Paris. La Valette, came in
sight at Doulevant. riding hard and
carrying dispatches for Napoleon, the
first direct word he had received from
the capital in nearly n week. Not a
moment must be lost. said La Valette;
delay would be fatal. The fate OF
Paris. and therefore the fate of the
empire, hung on the speed with which
Napoleon could rush his forces to de-
fend the city. And with instant deci-
sion Napoleon threw his army forward
regardless OF everything but possible
danger that he himself might be cap
turcd by bands of wandering Cossacks.
who were here, there, OF anywhere.
At Doulalncourt other cOuriers were
met hurrying from Paris with des-
patches to the Emperor, which contained
in detail an account Of all that had oc-
CURED within the last few days, and
Napoleon redoubled the speed OF his
army. Troyes was reached before dark
ness set I'm on March 20, and the men
were ordered to rest 'well for heroic
work the next day. Napoleon himself
rested. but for only few hours.
At daylight of March 80 he threw
aside all consideration of personal safe
ty: disregarded the ever present danger
Of capture or assassination. and with n
small escort dashed forward. determined
to be in Nileneuve by evening Ar
rived there, his anxiety and determine
ton seemed to be increased beyond all
restraint. Calling Caulincourt to ac-
company him. he sprang into Il post
chaise, and went whirling toward Paris,
while three adjutants leapcd into n seq
ond chaisc, and IA third, containing
Gourgaud and Lefehvre hurried after,
desperately trying to keep within sight
and sound Of their Emperor.
\ moments pause at Sens and Ma
poleon learned that the allies were
ready to storm Paris; at Fontalnchlca,,
he heard that the Empress had fled .
shortly aftcrward at Essonnes messen-
gers told him that the battle already
was being fought, and when within ten
miles Of the capital at "A posting station,
La Cour de France. where he arrived
late at night, he was met by cavalry
officer, l1elliard, who tod him that Paris
had fallen. II was then, shortly before
midnight, that Napoleon gave way to a
rage of fury bordering on insanity.
Perhaps with some desperate idea
hickering through his mind of racing
forward and throwing himself person
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19

ally into a last struggle before Paris,
gathering such troops as he could find
on the way, he shouted for carriage to
be made ready and brought imme-
diately. None appeared. Again. but in
choked voice as If realizing change.
he demanded a vehicle, but for once the
Emperor's commands were dlsrcgarded.
For the sake of his Emperor's safety
Caulncourt in all probability counter
manded the insistent orders for car
riage.
And then in the utter darkness Of
that tragic night Napoleon strobe forth
determined to reach Paris II he had to
go on foot. He would not listen to rea-
son as his attendants urged him to turn
back. He continued to storm and de-
nounce those who he said were respon-
sible for the surrender of the city. But
the little party had proceeded scarcely
more than IA mile when they met Nor
tiers advance guard marching away
under terms which had been adopted by
the convention, and then even the dis
tracted Napoleon realized that all pres
ent hope was over. To proceed further
would mean capture. imprisonment
possibly assassination.
But even with Paris fallen and sur
rendered he still cherished wild idea
that in some way his fortunes might he
retrieved. his empire. his authority re-
stored. his allied enemies defeated
Nothing seemed impossible to this en-
traordinary man even In that midnight
hour of blacklist despair there at the
little posting station of La Cour de
France.
Flahaut was despatched to confer
with Marmont and Caulincourt was
rushed forward to seek audience with
the Czar-for the chance remained that
terms of capitalization had not been
actually signed. If Cauincourt could
only gain time, II he could by some pre-
text postpone only few hours the
signing of the terms, then the ringing
Of bells and the Illuminating of towns
might cause the populace and the
National Guard once more Ia spring to
arms In support of the Emperor,
But reply came from Marmont: the
National Guard was useless, the popu-
lace had given way to despair when the
Empress fled. In word, the situation
was hopeless and Marmonl was hurry
ing along with the 10000 troops still
left in his command and in Mortier's.
Even then the situation did not an
pear hopeless tn Napoleon. Through
him miracle after miracle had h.en
worked In past years, why should their
number he closed now? Gone was the
outburst of furious denunciation !;
vanished that utter lack of self-control
which had startled his attendants on
the lonely road II night In n moment
the Emperor was himself again. and
with clear voice and calm mind he
gave orders for the disposition Of troops
preparing for great battle under the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19

very walls of Paris. OF all the Cen
erals in war council only one advised
such a movement and he was Mac
donald. 1t was opposed by all the
others, Belliard, Berthier. Flahaut,
Drouot and Gourgaud.
His decision once made as to this
military plan Napoleon started back to
Fontainebleau for much needed rest
as well as to commune with himself
| alone while studying maps and review
ing the situation and looking far into
the future. SIN convinced that victory
might yet he won by his military genius,
on the afternoon Of April he rode
over to Marmonts headquarters to con-
graduate him on his gallant conduct
when the commissioners who had signed
the terms of surrender arrived there
with their story. All was told in detail.
how the allies had entered the capital.
the decision not To treat with Napoleon
under any circumstances whatever and
how the white cockade of the Bour-
bons was to be seen on every side.
Napoleon listened without word of
comment, then mounted his horse and
rode back to Fontainebleau During
that night his depression vanished and
guard mount he was on fire with en-
thusiasm, his step was quick. his eyes
piercing as ever. No wonder cheers
burst forth from the battalions present.
Yet a few hours later. in midafter-
noon, his sky Of destiny grew dark
again. Caulncourt came with word
from the Car that Napoleon must ahd.-
cate as condition preceding any
measure for permanent peace of the
fr"nch nation. Once more, but only for
Few moments, the doomed ruler AL
lowed himself to inveigh against those
WIN" had thus far conquered. But not
Tor single instant did dismay enter
ms soul. Nor did he lose a moments
''nle IN preparing for further action.
TWO divisions of troops arrived early
me next morning, one of the Old Guard.
dressed IN u magnificent uniform and
a'on'pahied by suite never more
,r'iiaht ana imposing in appearance.
Napoleon reviewed the troops. Then he
'"''" MS oIhcers together, in IA few
striking sentences explained the exist.
ing situation, and concluded thus:
IN few days | am going to attack
i'aris; can | count on you?"
There was "A moment of tense silence,
then rang out the moving call OF n
great actor"
Am l right he repeated. Can I
| count on you?"
hoarsc determined shout burst
i"rth from those assembled The
dramatic artist had not lost his power
! Ia sway men.
Then indeed commenced n period of
in'essant work, making ready for the
expected attack Many of his rron,
commanders no longer could he counted
upon, he feared, although Generals nf
less Importance were devoted as ever To
MS cause. or the army itself. he felt
sure. and in available troops it num-
! hcrcd 10000.
In the attack before Paris the allies
had lost about 5000 men, hut reinforce
mtnts had arrived bringing their
strength M tn 10000 men exalted nv
victory and ready to fight at moment :
notice, All day and all night Napoleon
worked ana planned and studied. until
by the morning of April everything
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19
"l8l4"-THE RETREAT FROM MOSCOW.
"ls4"THE RETREAT FROM MOSCOW painting by
Events Leading UP to His Defeat by the Armies of the
Powers, His Abdicaton and the Journey to His
Island Empire Which Began Hundred
Years Ago Tomorrow

of him and the cause he represented
And WIZ?
Possibly the Emperor smiled with
grim humor as he saw the reason at
glance. Year after year Napoleons
own soldiers had committed outrages
which had brought forth unending pro-
test and defiance from all Europe. But
now? All. it was different now; for
northern and eastern France had been
overrun with invading. armies OF the
allied Powers, and these men. rcmcm-
bcrng what had happened In their own
lands when the situation was reversed
stopped at nothing.
In deeds of violence and shame they
made life horror to the peasants, par
ticularly the semi savage hordes from
Asia, marching with the Russian army,
who made no effort to restrain their
inhuman practices. And then the peas
ants rose. Anything was preferable,
even death itself. to enduring such
shame and torture. They captured n
thousand prisoners. they seized wagon
trains of stores, baggage, military i'm
pedimcnta of every kind which the al
lies had abandoned. They hung on the
edges of the invading armies, hamper
us III WHY way, sS'NluS I'NfHS'
however small for the outraEes visited
upon their families and their homes.
Yes, Napoleon knew that the peas
ants had arisen. He knew that they
were inspired with n rage, madness,
which would stop at nothing should he
give the command. He knew further
that his troops, most of them regulars,
well trained. experienced. disciplined,
Ill
and that counting in all commands of
every description he still could muster
IA total force of approximately 10000
men. OF these $4,000 could be des-
patched to cut off every possible line of
retreat which the enemy might hope to
keep open. and he still would have in
tact a force of 100000 to hurl upon and
annihilate the allies Fastening toward
Paris, whose numbers now had been re-
duced to approximately 10000 men.
one thing, and one thing only, would
give these allies IA possible chance of
success, and that was complete en-
haustion of the entire population to
the right Of their lines. to the left Of
them ana in the rear. Napoleon must
have felt n rush of citation as he saw
how easy 1t would be to cut off the re-
treat with onc-third his force. and to
sweep down upon the enemy with the
other twO-thirds.
Yet success was not sure. Could he
count upon his chief Ohiccrs-upon all
of them, upon every man in high com
inand? ON this all important Ques-
ton he pondered. Then. his mind made
up, he called II council of war and care
fully explained the entire situation as
he saw II. The council wanted peace
at any price, Napoleon showed how
peace ought to he obtained by carrying
| out his military measures.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19

@RUSHED at last. but only by
the combined armies Of Europe,
" Napoleon BOnaparte received
the sentence of world that
feared him. dreaded his power, stood
aghast at his twenty years of meteoric
achievements. and knew not what next
to expect should he he permitted To re-
main where soldiers could be gathered.
where munitions of war could be OBJ
tained.
The sentence was. that on April 90,
1914, just one hundred years ago. ne
should be banshed to Elba, a little
island in the Mediterranean, where he
would be permitted to keep about him
n few hundreds Of his Old Guard. where
he would be permitted to retain the title
Of Emperor. and where, II he chose, he
could maintain and administer a
diminutive State.
In a last desperate attempt to prevent
this superman from establishing an en-
plre all but universal in extent. in a
final effort for their own sclf-preserva-
ton a coalition Of the Powers. composed
Of Russia. England. Sweden, Prussia
and Austria, had opposed him since
1873 On August 26 and - of that year
he won his last great victory at Dres-
den. but in October came The Battle
Of the Nations" at I.eipsic-and Napo-
Icons fortunes were buried in the
SHOWS Of Russia with his grand army.
He lost at I.eipsic, he lost at I.aon in
March, 1914, and at Arcis-sur-Aube.
The armies of the allies had been
pouring over the frontiers Of France.
Harding driven Napoleon's Marshal's
from the Ibcrian Peninsula, Wellington
was sweeping through the south of
France, from the Netherlands had come
troops Of Russia and of Sweden, the
great German armies comma ndcd by
Butcher and SchwarZenberg in the east
were upon the Rhine. Now It was
Napoleon, and not the world of Europe,
that was In desperate straits--with this
great difference: If Napoleon realized
his desperate situation HE did not show
IT,
The evening following his retreat from
Arcis the Emperor sent body of
picked scouts to reconnoitre in the
vicinity of Nitry. Word came back
from them that it was garrlsoned by
PruSsians. whereupon Napoleon swerved
toward st. Dizicr, which he occupied on
March 23 after brief but sharp en-
gagemcnt. Here he found himself
midway between the lines of commune
W lIlt tUtIny from StTaSDurH
and from Basel To which Of these
would Schwarzenberg be more likely To
return and defend? That was the
question over which he pondcrcd Then
he reasoned the Austrian would make
herloc effort tn retain the line in greatest
danger and NE army If France was set
moving northward.
But the troops mt Vitry instead OF
being Prussian garrison were IN
reality body Of 5000 Russian cavalry
Furthermore. their especial duty was l.,
follow Napoleon, harassng him at ever,
opportunity ana docoivlng him as I,
their identity and strength. in an o
which they succeeded.
The Russian detachment left Vitr,
an" were rapidly moving toward 81
plzler when Napoleon fell upon then
with fnry, believing them to he the nd
vance guard Of "A powerful column SEN
ne"'hS' MN, u" put the cavalry 4
n'tht with little difficulty, killing SOC