davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ocala banner. (Ocala, Marion County, Fla.) 1883-194?, 1914-10-02
TWIN CALVES

Mr.. y. n. Osteen reports the arriv.
al Of twin calves az hls PEE q few
mornings aEo. The hifihmaFhs in 40
respects are identically the same. and
they are me little fellows Mr. o..
teen says that he has been Ia the eai.
tle business Tor q number - years.
but that this 81 the hFst time TIE
stork vas 50 generous Ia her gifI
The Ocala banner. (Ocala, Marion County, Fla.) 1883-194?, 1914-10-02

To enable growers In westeru North
Carolina. East Tennessee and South.
west Virginia 90 promptly forward
live stock 20 eastern and soathern
markets and 90 virginia feedins
grounds. the sonfhern Railway has
arranged 10 operate = weekiy fasl
special i've sfock nersiee.
The Ocala banner. (Ocala, Marion County, Fla.) 1883-194?, 1914-10-02

Roman Catholic or~ 1ep
Close sa'1ors
Mrs. Katherine H Patterson SD
tional ". a. T. 4. na.at
writes that Archbishop Furu l
Santa Fe. New Mexico. bias ater
taken a strong stand on the rroa.bi
ton question. In q powerful sermon
he advocated the closing 81 ihe sa.
looms in Santa Re and the state, sa,
ing that If necessary he would 60 oar
on the streets and speak against
them. Sixty per cent. Of the voters
of New Mexico are Catholics. and u
is believed that as a result Of the
action of the archbishop New Mexico
will soon be a saloonless state
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
BEES ON THE FARM.

The hum of the busy little honey bee
should be heard on every farm. A
moderate amount of care given to
these industrious workers will help out
considerably in these days Of the high
cost Of living by providing supply
of the most delicious and healthful Of
all sweets for the table. 1t is especial
ly good for cooking purposes and Is
far superior to any other sweet for
the little folks.
1t is not necessary to go into extern
sive Bookkeeping In order to have honey
for the home. A half a dozen colonies
when properly cared for will give the
average family all that it can use and
possibly some to sell.
OF course IL the farmer cared to do
SO he could easily keep a larger num-
Der of colonies and add to his income
by their work. Quite often the wO-
men Of the farm attend to the bees
and buy relief from the drudgery Of
farm life through the aid Of these little
insects.
III Jays gone Dy MOST OF the Dees kept
on farms We're to be found In hollow
logs. commonly known as "bee gums"
or else in tight boxes with a few sticks
nailed across on the inside. to which
the bees attached their combs.
The favolite method OF removing the
honey or ''robbing the bees" as 1t was
called. was to smother them by plac-
ing the hive over pit in which brin-
stone was burning. Then the honey
could be taken out. but 1t would be
necessary to get more bees next year.
However. this cruel method has pass
ed away. and now almost every bee
keeper uses hives with movable frames.
and the honey can be removed without
killing u single bee.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
i arm ara
arden
WHEN TO CUT ALFALFA.
Best Hay Obtained When First Blooms
Appear.

Best Hay Obtained When First Blooms
Appear.
Ii has for years been considered that
alfalfa for hay should he cut when
about one-half of the plants are in
bloom. says the Kansas Farmer. Dur
ing recent years the best alfalfa grow
ers have been cutting when they could
so soon as the first blooms appear.
Such growers are strongly inclined to
the belief that the best hay Is at this
time obtained ana also that cutting at
such time is hest for the succeeding
crop. There are two considerations in
the harvesting Of alfalfa for hay. The
first is that Of obtaining hay of the
highest feeding quality and the other
that Of cutting at such times as will
result in the largest annual yield
If the crop is allowed to stand until
il Is in full bloom the stems become
woody and Il considerable proportion
of the leaves are lost in the harvest.
II would seem. therefore. that from
the standpoint of hay quality the cut
ting reached rs near maturity as pos
sible. but before such time as will re-
suit in woody stems and leaf loss.
Every alfalfa grower has observed
that just in advance of blooming the
crown of the alfalfa plant starts new
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29

shoots for the succeeding crop, and the
editor is inclined to the belief that the
appearance of these shoots is Il better
guide ms to the time of cutting than is
the bloom. If the crop is allowed to
stand until Il considerable n'oportion
of the plants are in bloom the grower
will note that the sprouts which are
to produce the succeeding crop become
dwarfcd and will not produce as much
hay as if the crop had been removed
and the crown shoots been allowed to
grow without interruption. 1t is our
belief. therefore. that the largest yield
of best quality hay will result from
the cutting of alfalfa just rs soon rs
these new shoots from the crown ap-
pear, provided. of course, this be per-
mitted by conditions of weather and
other farm work. TO be sure. if alfal-
ia hay is to be used largely for horse
feed the hay should be ripper and so
cut later than if it is to be eaten by
other stock
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
LITTLE PANAMAs" OPENING.
Cape CoGe CaTal Ordered Suilt by
Washington 139 Years Ago.

Cape CoGe Canal Ordered suilt by
Washington 13o Years Ago.
Interesting in connection with the
opening of the cape Cod canal is the
fact that IT," event carries out an order
given by George Washington in lT1j.
The new waterway. which is eight
miles long. connects BuzZards bay and
Cape Cod bay and will shorten dis
tances ana provide II safer route for
2J.NO sea craft year which now sail
around cafe cod 1t will make an is
land of the hack shaped cape where the
pilgrims first linded.
The canal cost Sl2.WmOOO. and il
shortens tn present dangerous route.
Back in ;ITII1 George Washington as
commander IN chief issued an order:
"EXcavate rs speedily as consistent
a passage across Cape Cod from Barn
stable To- Monument hay to give US
greater security in navigation and
more advantage over the enemy"
The route suggested 10y Washington
is practically the one followed by the
new canal.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
Thick and Thin,


TITS q funny thing" remarked the
observing man. 'that particularly
stout and particularly thin people can
discover insinuations In regard to their
size where absolutely none Is meant
Now. tonight in the car there were two
good examples Of this within a few
minutes Of each other. One was Lit.
tie thread of woman who glanced
contemptuously at two well meaning
persons who moved apart and made a
space between them which looked
wide enough for her to seat herself
with comparative comfort
"Thank yon.' she snapped, but
prefer to stand rather than sit where
there Is scarcely room for small
child
I'VE bad not proceeded far when an
extremely stout woman entered the
car. She was carrying two huge bun
dies and looked tired. Three men In q
row sprang to their feet as she began
to lurch about as the car started. She
administered savage glance at them
and said. quite audibly:
"'Well. never. guess If It's got
to the point where | take mp three
seats I'd better stand up awhiler"-
Buffalo Express.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29

Washington.-(Sp eciaD- john
son n. Camden, junior senator
from Kentucky, after. a visit 10
the Department of Agriculture the
past week, talked in an inter-
ing way of the problems of the
farm and of what is being done
in his own state, as well as by the
government in connection with the
state agricultural colleges, towards
co-ordinating educational work for
the benefit of the farmer. Mr.. Cam
den has unbounded faith in the future
OF Kentucky as an agricultural and
horticultural state.
Faith in States Future.
In discussing his visit to the de-
partment and its result Senator Cam
den said
This is the first opportunity ! have
had where | could go into certain de-
tails, with any degree of leisure, with
the Agricultural Department. You
know ! have always felt that Ken
lucky will be great farming state,
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29

Sunday and report good crowds and
splendid preaching. Rev. Glasscoek
and Rev. Hogue are the visiting
preachers and are doing excellent
preaching.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. X. Snider and little
daughter, Effie, were guests OF his sis.
ter, Mrs. ]. w. Burlington, Sunday.
Taylor Dowe!l, who has been in Lou
isville having his eyes treated, reports
them as slowly improving.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
GARFIELD

Don't forget Masonic picnic at lrv-
ington, Saturday, Aug. 10
Quite crowd of young folks spent
an enjoyable day with Miss Laura Le-
Grand Sunday. Some of the names
caught were Misses Cora Wood and
Ida Dowell, Messrs Verda Brown and
Frank Bullock.
Mr.. and Mrs. S. M. Haynes enter
tanned Sunday the following guests
Rev. DeHart, Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Poole and children, Katherine, Rob
ert, Jr., and Franklin, Miss Maud
Bullock, Tom Dowell and little Mil.
dred Sandbach.
Miss Pearl Bell Mattingly and Mil
ton Basham were guests of Miss Cam
mic Combs, of Cloverport, Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thos. Gray, Mr.. and
Mrs. Ova Gray and son, Thomas, at
tended church at Custer Sunday and
were the guests of Mr.. and Mrs. E
phraim Gray.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ben Burlington and
daughter, Miss Margaret Leigh, visit
ed Mr. and Mrs. Austin LeGrand Sum-
day.
Roy and Lena Snider were guests of
their grandmother,M Mrs Elijah Driskell,
last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Macy entertained
last Sunday at their beautiful home
the following guests: Mr.. and Mrs
Austin LeGrand and son, Charlie, Mr..
and Mrs j w. Burlington and son,
Homer, Mr.. and Mrs. Joe McCrume
and children, Raymond and Rudolph,
Mr.. and Mrs. Ben Burlington and
daughter, Margaret Leigh. Mr.. and
Mrs. Percy Macy, Mrs. c. L Bruing'
ton and children, Marvin, Evelyn and
C. l., Jr, and Grandma Burlington.
Mr.. and Mrs. Livia Meadow, of
Kingswood, attended Quarterly Meet
ing at Rosetta, and enroute home were
guests Of DR.. and Mrs. E { Harmed
Charlie Barnes brother is with him
for the winter. He will attend school
here and help Mr.. Barnes in the store.
Albert Richardson, of Oklahoma, is
visiting his nephew, |. b. Richardson.
Geo. Snider has been indisposed for
several days, but is reported better.
Miss Nancy Board visited Miss Lau-
ra LeGrand Tuesday.
Mrs. Geo. johnson who moved to
Blair, Neh. several years ago writes
very encouraglngly of crops there. Sne
says they have the finest garden she
has ever had, with such an abundance
Of vegetables.
Rev. Leslie DeHart filled his ap
pointment at the Baptist church here
Saturday and Sunday. Rev. DeHart's
time with this church expired with
this meeting and we are sorry to give
him up. The church has called no one
yet to serve them for the coming year.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charlie Meadow and
Mrs. Avery Haynes we're Sunday
guests Of Mr.. and Mrs. Burton Bash
am.
Quite a number from our community
attended camp meeting at kingswood
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
SAVED BY GR|GSBYs LIv-ER-LAx

Mr.. Kimbrough states further that
three grains of calomel had no effect.
His child, at the point of death. was
saved BY LlV YER LAX, harmless
vegetable compound with no injurious
effects. Llv-vER-LAX relieves all
Liver troubles
All genuine bottles bear the likeness
and Signature of L. X. Grigsby. Ac-
|cept no substitute.
Grisby's LlV-VER-LAX is for sale
by Kincheloe's Pharmacy.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
Whenever You Need a General Tonic
Take Groves

The Old Standard Groves Tasteless
chill Tonic is equally valuable as q
General Tonic because it contains the
well known tonic properties fQUININE
and IRON. It acts on the Liver, Drives
out Malaria, Enriches the Blood and
Builds up the Whole System. so cents.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
A Bumper Apple Crop.

Apples this year promise a heavy
yield in Maryland and North Carolina,
the finest crop in the history of Colo
RADIO, an unusual crop in Michigan,
good crops in Virginia, Georgia and
South Carolina and prospects in other
states generally good or above aver
age. according to reports to the depart
ment of agriculture
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
Movement Deserves Support.

Much might be said on the side
OF the subject of the organization OF
farmers and of the communities gen
orally for improvement OF agricultural
social and economic conditions.
with the united effort on the par,
OF the rural church, the rural schools
and Normal colleges, the College OF
Agriculture, the Experiment Station
and the United States Department OF
Agriculture. much good can be &C
complished. We have undeveloped re
sources and agricultural opportuni
ties in Kentucky, as yet untouched.
I'VE can maintain the highest type
OF civilization only by having a sue
cessful and prosperous agriculture
One of the most beneficial influences
that ] see is the union of the interests
OF the Federal Department OF Agricul
ture with our College of Agriculture
oil the State University, with the Nor.
nal schools and other educational &C
tiyities OF the state, TO give TO the
farmers and their families throughout
the state OF Kentucky that degree OF
service which they ought to have.
Al the present time there are twenty.
Two county agents. with an additional
thirteen women county agents In
girls' club work.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29

and the character OF her agriculture
will determine the character and de
velopment of her people. Some one
has well said that people can not
be greater or stronger than their soil
Il gave the barbecue last summer
to emphasize fact that our farmers
did not, in my opinion, fully realize
and that is in mining, manufacturing
and all productive enterprises, that
the basic form of wealth is i'm itself
about only half. or 30 per cent of the
problem involved-the other 80 pei
means cooperation.
What Farmers Are Realizing.
Granting that our soil would grade
No. | in fertility-which in many
cases it will not do, but by intelligent
and Industrious methods it can be
made so-as we now stand with our
imperfect system of soil education
organization and cooperation, we
half of what we are entitled to from
our efforts and from our farms.
1T was a beginning of a campaign
among our farmers of education and
cooperation. ! foresaw then that the
wonderful mine OF information and
vitality valuable facts, that our Fed
eral Government had in store. would
not be beneficial to our own farmers
unless they were prepared to avail
themselves of il collectively.
1T was necessary to organize, to
establish team work among ourselves
we must trust one another ii We are
to prosper further as a people an6
advance the solidarity OF Kentucky
interests.
Agricultural Education.
ITO my mind the first thing TO dc
Is to coordinate the research worl
at the State University and Expert
ment Station. at Lexington, and the
two Normal schools, Eastern ano
Western, with the Federal Depart.
ment of Agriculture. thereby increas
Ing efficiency by preventing the loss
In labor and time. ! am delighted tt
say that steps are being taken to bring
that about.
But research work, either by
government or state. would be of lit
tie value to the farmer unless some
way were found to teach him the
things discovered by scientists in the
experiment stations, and hence we
have the extension and demonstra
tion work.
II was told that the department has
a great work along this line and thai
1t is co-ordinating its activity with
the activity of a similar character In
the state agricultural colleges. Con
gress has recently passed a bill pro
viding for cooperative extension work
In agriculture and home economics, to
be carried on by cooperation be
tween the Department of Agriculture
at Washington and the various state
agricultural colleges, and the Secre
tary Of Agriculture has taken the
very broad view that this furnishes
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
SENATOR Camden
ON COOPERATION
Farmers Realizing Only One
Half of What They Are
Entitled
LOSS OF LABOR AND TIME

Increase Efficiency BY Going Over
Farm Problems Together-1as IN
bounded Faith in the Future Of Ken
lucky - Help Rural Communities
Through the Schools and Colleges
Of State.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
THE
AUGUST CENTURY
(FICTION NUMBER)
ELECTION NUMBER)

The August Century is usual Midsummer Fiction
Number with short stories appeal wide variety of tastes
nine altogether including "Under Sken Skes story of
Southern and lovewaking by Maria Thompson
Davies and Hoodooed", tale of darky life and super
sition, by Alice Hogan Rice, of "Mrs. Wigs" fame.
For those who do not for fiction, there further
"Reminiscences of Tolstoy by his part three of Bodn
Note Book" Marie Suko story of her from Sber
ian prison. and paper The Savs of America by Profess
Edward Asworh Ross besides chapters from Arnold
Benefits deli htfu Log of the Velsa and of Albert Bgelow
Pane's 'The Car That Went Abroad"
= Price IS Cents
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
Wrong Again.

There Is nothing new under the
SUM-" quoted the Sage.
How alnnit the antique furniture:"
asked the Foot. cincinnati Enquirer
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1914-07-29
TwIner's Pharmacy, Greenville,
Texas, Sends This Testimon.
iaI From a Prominent
Grocer Of That
Place

March 9, 19fA
~ take pleasure In saying for putli-
cation that BY the use of LIVER
LAX my child was cured of a disease
which is correctly described by the rec
ognized symptoms of Biliousness. Stom-
ach and Liver Trouble and Constipation
and resulting complications; and COM
mend its use to all sufferers
ID. L. PRICE, Witness
MR.. KIMBROUGH,
5000 Stonewell.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-11-20
PREPARING FOR BIG REVIVAL
Haserstour viii Erect Tahernacl. :.
Seat 10000

Azgersto~l- a meeting az 20
executive committee having y cAz--e
The arrangements fer TIE revival 70 -
held here II the spring by the Res. D.
" Z. Biederwolf net AZ s. Pzuis
Methodist Episcopal Church and a.
Pointed number Of subcommittee
the chairman OF which follows.
Eecuuv@The Rev. Dr.. A 3 Stat
ton OF the United Brethren Church.
Ushers-The Rev. George B Town.
send. Of the Christian Church
Finance. Y. Myers. OF Ire LII
theran Church.
Pubiiciv-noyd h Hoffman. q the
Reformed Church.
Nusie-The Rev Dr.. c. I Pate. a
the Methodist Episcopal ChuncA
Devotlonal-The Rev. A 5. Miller.
OF the Church OF the Brethren
Entertainment-The Rev. Dr.. Con
rao Clever, q the Reformed Church.
The executive committee vas an
tnorized 10 erect & frame tabernacle 10
seat about 1oo00 persons. The sirue-
ture viii likely be erected On TIE Iudss
Stake LOT, on Potomac avenue.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-11-20
Lord Roberts Dies
Suddenly at Front
E-fiz-SE Fs-.ass Nsr-s.- -s..-
chla 7eEVssfas - Pnsg----s-
5o5E- was IRE 49, e
E-F.sE- s>a>ieI

Lc11o1.-L1-5 Ros.,s--z E-xss-s-+
o21est General x75 Dovzlz- bsro e
L. Sou-n At-srza Va. cs-s a. u.
f-osn-- according 70 Il ozess, a
oe11es1s-t . lie p1szs bsz-sxz.
T3= o&Ez1 bureau 5Esuso lie -
living sc1oEnc4-ent
Lord E5t-1s1ar s-us1u-esss w.
ess1 reE-=z Ea5c. Il rDCEs WI a.
snz-sa " the whole Er-y. tass -
rscssFsc q Saturday lie tolzoEs-x
ts3sg-Ez t-c2 s. JOIN Frsrc.. H.
eoz 1Eo1- q TIE British sorces IL
F-z1ez-
7 oss7ly regret 70 ten yga ths-
Lord aons--s o5sd Il o'elock this
eFezi1E
Lc-1 2cosr-s vas q = t-sef rsss-
q france Il orce- 10 greet ia Fndsz-
t-Oo2E. q Which bs vas Cosc-e3 =
CassL He coat-zetsd : ehIn q
Inzrsa&y AID szecEn5e5 after z
soo-z L0sss . ~ attack q p.sz
-u,lz~
Lad R0osr1s's sg-he was - On
SSDisCo@- - lzst-gzs Z coa-itsu-
iory ez1ss q dextt- sltho1gh he hzd
ose2 L lis usual health lately. which
VA exceptionally god for : nzn Ct
a1s age
H-s eesta vii have purely Z sent
1=1Lxl s1ee1 Epoo The situation
S-oes toe Outbreak Of Tie 1-eser.
Es- ss lad been working hard IN
PloTl1g yong 1e1 10 realize their
7oua-rEs danger aud 70 o1sr their
s=rTsees il the present Esr.
Lord Roberts wss born IN 1ss2 a
LzE1pore. India The soa o. another
famed Indian 6gats-. Gen Sir Abrz-
Ian Roberts. G. c B. and Ezs
ch-iE.ened Frederick Sleigh
he vas educated a Zion. Sand
hurst and AdciscCuoe.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-11-20
British Loss Amounts
to $1,000 Men Since
European War Began
Prs-ie- An.oz--es s.ssss-az FiS
Tres ac> Is EEps-tsS = Cal f>r
EsstAe- i.or3oo Recruits.

Lo-5o--Eogls-5 EG EzkEsras ~
a. E-1gz1eE1Ezt t-oa P-s-.E- As
gzito stating iAzt TIE British csEz-
sltsS = tie EE- 20 6sis ara s7.sAs
killed. Eoze5s5 and missing
VIE Ills tol paid Il TIE sEat5,g
- Ia. 1n-s zeo are 20 be Tshe5
ID the t-o1L A EErplezeo;x-y est
1sts tTcz TIE Wa once declared
-hs+ XIII .eas % -o-e nso he 70
Ia BIRTH s-E1Eh Q. al ranks
Tozl6 b 21ssIt.
RecrL1og las Increased 10 : great
sxtEat during tie week Il Is az
pecte5 tsz1 P-e-is- Asoui1a VII for
nslly SAX he sz.c-5ca q PsEiisuso;
to- the raising Ct these 1864. oV9 al
oi-3onl troops
Tie Statement o. Ihe Premier p-sc-
ing the casualties Il approximately
5000 vas written L reply 20 Il
quirisE t-cn -e1oerr a TIE House
Of Con1oos
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-11-20
RUSSIANS LOSE
$4,000 TROOPS
Berlin Reports Sweeping Ger.
nan Victory at HIeehaWek
on YiStUla.
Advance Guard OF Russians
Reaches 6aiicia's Capital.

Az E-z- T5rz--T Il Flo'clzTsk.
= RzsEE Polz-5- = -sg.o-Is5 q Bs--
= - z-acEzzcss--- s-s1E t5zE ssT-
s-E 2lss-Ez 4EF cc-zis were c--Ts1
ssEzk t-s!1o1 Ez-o = IL G=-1z-ss
VIZ -ooE >; SO r-aso1s-z ard cap
Ess oTs- = -sE---= E0s and some
Ex.az RsvElss . - RZssls1s Z
Ess1 F-1sEzs = s-sc HcZ-cs1
FE.E-E Z BslE1 al France ap-
pears . hzTs e.=s1 t-c-E1t almost 70
Z sxodsLl IT 10 s-a7 Ehica Las
t.sar raging G0-g 1s tsszl= fruit AID
Ii c1Dgss = IL s.--z1s1z are -
I,---sd
Gains t-st Nozz--=5z-s zTS I-e-
1sE-1g u -zss sEE1Et Great B-!tz1
IA hoy va z-s REPEATED = dis
7lE1coss trc2 Co-z-sz--c-le vl2 Be-
Il These 61s-ss-c.ss s-zts TAT TIE
z1=5tVs q Egy-t VII aszE-e COZ
uD6 u ths Turks. operations
EEE1s1 8Er
2Z-os-1 = - R1ssl2- forces
L l1s CE1eEsus at1e- s-cscz-ts-i1g
lE-Es Tu-EsE ts-cs < s--c-cs5 tro.
1s-oEE5
4 Gs.lz-ta t-oz Ts1cs. Ia Rome
--=l'.-ls III C-sEyE. ts111sl q Czliclz-
Z t8U@g ri IL 1z1zt5lz-ts are fee
II
-bs Es-1zsa E9zsz g Co1nozs
To-=1 II E51l1Esl w credit C 81
Il I'I'l I'i's Eod Il s5551o-zl army q
aBt fI.g 1s-