Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-07-27
sERvIA AND AUSTRIA.
War Outcome of Chronic lll-Feeling
Between the Two Nations.

Austria Hungary's attadk on 3ervic
is the demand for repatriation fnr the
murder of the Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife. the Duches:
uf Hohenberg, the ultimate cause:
are the movement of the Hapsbure
Empire toward the South and the
desperate efforts of the entire SerE
race to regain complete nationa! ex.
istance. .~.sssas II
Ever since the repulse Of the Turk
ish Army from Vienna in 1853 the
Austrians have steadily fought theil
way southwark, expecting ultimately
to make their way to the Aegean
over the ruins of the Turkish Empire
Austria, like Russia, was not ..nwi!
! ling to see small buffer states SCI
up to occupy the middle ground dur
;np the intervals of rest in her for
ward movement, and so most Of the
Balkan States of today came into be-
ing.
Of the Servian race, which IN tha
thirteenth and fourteenth centurie:
ruled vast empire, extending over
the western half of the Balkan Pc.
ninsula and the Eastern Coast ct the
Adriatic, practically all had come un-
der Turkish domination in the six
teenth century. The Serbs Of the
hinterland of Istria and Dalmatia
were soon taken from Turke.; by
Austria, and Montenegro won its in
dependence. This left the Serbs OF
Bosnia, the Herzegovina. and Servia
proper, as well as Of the Sanjak OF
Novi BaZar and Northern Macedonia
still under Turkish rule.
The Serbs of the present kingdom
became autonomous in 1890, bs:t re-
VOTED in 1S76-7S, aiming at complete
freedom. With them joined their
kinsmen of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Russo-Turkish war which fol-
lowed made great changes in the Bal
kans. Servia proper obtained com
rlete independence, but Bosnia an
Herzegovina were left nominal Turk
ish dependencies, but really to be
occupied by Austrian troops.
Tie consequences OF CHS was 4
four-year insurrection against The
.Austrians, the effects of which have
never disappeared. The AustrianS
have spent large amounts of money
on the country, but never allowed it
autonomy; and in 19OS-9, using as
an excuse the constitutional revolu-
ton in Turkey, which would require
delegates to the Turkish Parliament
20 come from those two states Ehic!
were actually in Austrian hands, tho
Hapsburg monarchy formally an
reXed Bosnia and the Herzegovina
Germany backed up her ally, and the
protests of the Slav powers did mo-
go to the extent Of war, Meanwtll.: ':
the Slavs of Dalnratia are lndel
Hungarian rule; and here, as in Bos-
MIA and the Herzegovina, promises
of local self-government have nevef
come to anything more than words
That the northern half of the Servian
race is still under the Austrian EN-
pire.
Meanwhile the Southern half was
fnally united by the victories over
Turkey in the war of 1912. Not
only did this reconquest by the Serv
ians of the core of their old empire
in Western Macedonia. give a tire
mendous impulse to the longing for
complete national unity but it SLOWED
the Servians nation that its military
organization could be relied on for
hard work.
In the fall of 1912 the Servians
modified 100000 men in the first
three weeks, and later added $4,000
more to the number, and while thel.
losses in this war and in the strug-
gle with Bulgaria in the summer OF
1913 were heavy, the Servian troops
fought brilliantly and proved them
selves efficient and enduring.
But the fruits of this war were
in part taken from them by Aus
tria whose diplomatic activity was
responsible for, the ruling Of the
powers which compelled the Serv,
ians to give up part of their con-
quests in Albania Thus Sevia
lost her chance to get seaport
and remains landlocked power
her only outlet being through thu
friendly Greek ports on the Aegean
But the Seryian victories IL
Macedonia and the Greek capture
Of Salonika put an unexpected OBJ
! stacle in the way of Austria
march to uhe south. No more