Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-11-20

beings. In animals It 10 characterised
especially by an eruption In the mouth
and on the feet. In some species more
In the mouth, In others more on the
feet. In cattle the incubation period
from three to five days,
whereupon Z moderate fever with loss
of appetite and other general symp-
toms sets in. In two or three days
small blisters appear on the lining OF
the mouth, and now the fever usually
subsidies. At the same time one or
more feet may show tenderness and
swelling Of the skin, soon blisters form
here also, and the animal goes lame.
In the mouth the blisters may reach
half an inch or more in diameter. but
usually they are smaller; the contents.
at first clear, become turb!d, pnd az the
covering bursts, small painful raw
spots are produced which either heal
quite promptly or turn into ulcers that
heal more slowly. Usually the milk -
altered and reduced in quantity; blis-
tiers and ulcers may form on the udder.
There is marked loss Of weight, as the
animals do not eat because OF the pain.
In this, the ordinary form, in which
the death rate is very email except
among the young, the symptoms fade
away In from ten to twenty days or 80.
except when local infections delay re-
covery, but there are also severe forms
with extensive infection which fire.
quently end in sudden death. In such
severe cases ulcers are found In the
stomach and intestines. In sheep and
swine, LESSONS of the feet predominant.
The cause Of the disease is present
in the contents of the vesicles. the dis
charges from the ulcers. the saliva, the
milk, the urine and feces, but as a
rule not after the tenth day. II Is stated
that animals having had the disease
may carry the virus for months. Any
susceptible species may infect any
other susceptible species. Infection oc-
ours not only thru direct contact, but
also indirectly. as the virus retains Its
virulence for some little time. at least
outside the body. Contamination of
fodder, of stalls, Of feeding and drink
ing Thoughts. OF milk and milk products
and OF the hands and clothes OF drovers
serves to spread the disease, which
often travel over wide stretches of
country with remarkable rapidity, as
shown by the present outbreak. AS
from Is to so per cent Of the cattle
to infection may become Sick
there results great loss from fail in
the production Of milk, from reduction
of vitality and fecundity. and from
deaths as we'll as on account Of the
measures adopted to stamp out the dis
ease.
The immunity produced by an at
tack seems to be feeble, as animals are
said to suffer sometimes more than one
nh yl-yt oh & ~ TO-
practical method Of protective inocu-
lation has been developed.
Our knowledge of the cause Of foot
and mouth disease Is limited to the fact
that 1t concerns a filterable virus. as
yet invisible and incultivab!e. 1t was in
1897 that Loffler and Frosch made
their classical experiment. showing
that the disease is caused by a living
virus that passes filters which do not
permit bacteria to go thru. an expert
ment that has served as a model for
all the subsequent work on the many
other forms Of filtera BILE virus recog-
nized since then. Foot and mouth virus
may remain active for months II kept
cool and moist. but Is destroyed rapidly
by drying, by heat at 50 G. GAO F.)
and above. by formaldehyde and by
carbolic acid. The wide range OF yiru-
lence of this virus among animal
species has been indicated and as
stated. the disease may affect human
beings, especially children, being trans
mitted by milk from diseased cows
fexperimentally verified) and by butter
and cheese made from such milk as well
as thu wounds and in other ways.
While the course usually in favorable
an epidemic described by siegel had
g mortality of s per cent. The mani
festations are fever. digestive disturb
ances and eruption on the lips and
sometimes on the skin. Where there is
danger of contamination Of the milk
with the foot and mouth virus. thor
ough pasteurization of all milk and
milk products is doubly indicated.