davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1914-02-14

Miss Lois Reynolds went to Calvert
today to visit Miss Bessie Mcintosh.
after a pleasant visit to her aunt Mrs.
Mamie Rohde.
Mrs. B. Fiske Wright returt to
her home in Waco today, after visit
to her sister, Mrs. E. H. Astin.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1914-02-14
THE RAGTiME MUSE.

ATLAS SOLILOQUIZES.
Now and then / smile and wonder
At the universal blunder.
II ! struck and stood from under
Would things fall?
Would there be a frightful tumble?
With a mighty roar and rumble.
Would the whole creation tumble?
Not at all!
Would the little stars come Keeling
From the heavens purple ceiling
And the planets, wildly wheeling,
Go to smash?
No; their even way pursuing.
Cosmic bilcing, cosmil cooling,
Still would go on-rd be doing
Nothing rash.
Yet I'll stick to this unending
Sky support that am lending
People don't know it's pretending
That's enough!
While I act with circumspection
I'm classed in the hero section;
I abhor a close inspection
or a bluff!
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1914-02-14

At the Crystal tonight-a fun
ny Keystone comedy with Ma
bel Normand in the leading role.
Edwin August also tonight, to-
gether with regular program
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
MERIT FINALLY REWARDED

ls> The following editorial from Coast paper
has been sent to the StarBulletin by good
Democrat with the query: Glow would this APP
ply to Hawaii The editorial says:
i In the late presidential election San Joaquin
county, which had been first Republican and
later Progressive bailiwick, with some to spare,
gave Mr.. Wilson a majority of nearly 1000, the
largest given by any county in the state outside
of San Francisco.
We are pleased to see that the gentlemen dis
'ributing federal patronage have at last fully
recognized San Joaquin's claims. Mr.. Joseph
Gall of Stockton, who is known to everybody in
hose parts as all wool and at least a yard and a
lalf wide has been appointed federal auctiOnccr
at this port
We trust the fighting Democracy of San Joa-
Iuin is now satisfied. The party workers up
here should take off their coats at once and
prepare to roll up an even greater aiOrty.
Who knows-if they returned majority of 49,
700 next time, one Of them might he appointed
'ourth assistant deputy inspector Of turpentine
stores under the fourtc, nth deputy naval officer
assistant to the twcnty-fifth assistant deputy
collector of customs salary s. per
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
EGGS and Eggs

Only about three-fourths of the eggs that ART
packed in crates at the stores as they come from
he farms on the mainland are fresh OF the re
mainder about threefourths are classed as stale
most of the others as cracked and dirty and {
Hnaller number as rotten. This is the average
condition of crate of eggs such as are found
ii the market in various paris of the Unitec
states according TO the investigations made b!
the United States department of agriculture.
When the eggs are packed of mixed lots jus
rs they are brought in by farmers and poultry
men, the number of eggs in each of the -four
fldsses at certain seasons as found by eandlin;
|ests at an agricultural experiment station, i;
abont as follows:
Fresh eggs, 30, stale eggs 81, cracked or dir
u eggs "a, rotten p
The condition of the eggs in the markets
aScertained by Gambling, a process that unde
scientific market methods would he attended
BY the producer But as long as no better price
are paid for graded and strictly fresh eggs thai
are paid for mixed lots, just so long grading be
fore marketing will not be done.
The present methods of buying and scllin!
Without regard to value is unfair both to tn
prodneer and consumer Of fresh eggs.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
ke3e9t}k 5E!IMEN! I [!:2]'g!!l!y

merely Obrying them. He is yet 10
ht found in the wrong II freedom or
trade would be good for the express
COMPANIES. why don't the express
companies get legislation that is de
s!rable? John Wanamaker was an
ardent advocate OF parcels post.
When he was postmaster-ge general he
favored it, and he stated that We
might have il but for five objections.
ana when he was asked what the OBJ
jections were, he replied by mention
ing the names Of five express Compa-
MES. These express companies were
instrumental in stalling off parcels
post legislation for years Such large
private concerns have been the causes
of O"r Out-Of-date navigations laws.
our tariff laws, our internal revenue
laws and every other kind OF restrict
ing laws that We have, and when they
really want fair legislation they will
get it. for there will be no objections
TO it, Who would believe that these
interests have been spending so much
time and other expenses to have tar
if and other like laws in order that
workmen might have big wages? In
quirer" seems to agree that our re-
Strictions have made the "frenZied fl
nanciers." Why not abolish the re-
strictions and the opportunities for
success would be about equal? There
can be no millionaireS without the
aid of the government, directly or in
directly Why not abolish all special
privileges?
Question is asked what becomes Of
the difference between what the Ia
borer gets for his labor and the price
the consumer pays for the product of
labor? That is nObOdy's business but
the purchasers and sellers. If the
price for labor is $500 and labor gets
it, the deal is closed so far as labor is
concerned, and if he cannot get sat-
isfactory service for his wages it is
his lookout and not the owners of the
things labor produced. Such foolish
questions should not be asked if no
laws of the people are broken.
American citizens should be more
self-reliant We are taught that we
can lick anybody" when we are in
school, but later we squeal and whine
that we cant compete" with foreign
'ers after we graduate. The last state
of use seems to be worse than the first
and then we want others to help us
because nobody wants to pay us too
much. Let us learn something and
have more backbones than jelly fish.
FAIRPLAY.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
REGULATION AND RAILROAD EARNINGS

The railroads Of the United States rise as one
ommission proposes to raise or to cqualize
fates A few months ago number of presidents
md board chairmen were quoted as saying that
he governments attitude toward railroads and
Big Business was reducing their earnings to the
vanishing point and that since the time of Roose-
fplf the roads have been made the target for hos
|ile legislation. 49,.
When figures are collected and studied, a
auite, different condition of affairs is shown.
Dun's Review of the year 1913 gives railroad
Rnings in detail for the first ten months of last
Iear and the astonishing part of it s-astonish.
ING in view of the aforementioned talk Of rail
road magnates-that the aggregate earnings of
lIe railroads of the country increased 60 per
rent for the period of 1913 over the correspond.
ing period of 1912.
This increase is noted all over the United
&lates with the exception of the Southwestern
.foup of roads, where it is only 1.5 per cent.
Moreover, according to Dun's Review, the fine
||owing is made in spite of certain drawbacks,
0olably the disastrous floods which visited a
vide territory during the early spring, and the
.nrest in Mexico st Isl
The administration had nothing 10 tlo with
Me floods, of course The int erstate commerce
Iommission had nothing to do with the turbulent
.onditions in Mexico, which possibly affected
he earnings of the Southwestern group
The countrys business is growing rapidly,
Ind in spite of the dire prophecies Of some of the
IailrOad magnates, it does not appear that the
nefeasingIy strict supervision which the govern
Nent is exercising over the systems is reducing
|eir earnings.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
EDITOR

The time has come for us to consider III" city as
IL wholr-WilIiam e. Ewing
City planning and Industrial Progress will
90 hand in hand in the future. ''uS"le>S each
without the other. '-(icorgc H. Cooper.
Under the proper restrictions excess r"nd"m-
nation may he utilized with sufficient advantage
to the public to Justify any interference with in
dividual rightS-LcSlic c. Wrad.
Progress in city planning must depend in
large degree upon the equitable distribution of
the expense involved in the execution Of tn"
plans and in the sOnndncSs of the methods en-
plovetl in financing thpm.-Flavrl Shurtrff.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
REPUBLICAN RULES SUGGESTIONS

Sentiment among thinking Republicans Of
Hawaii seems to bc crystaIlizing slowly but
surely in favor of primary election of the terri
torial central committee as well as of tn" county
committees. A good many objections ar" heard
to the plan proposed by the special rules revision
committee which suggests that the county COM
mittees he chosen at a primary election but the
territorial committee at the territorial conven-
ton. 4 good many Republicans believe that to
carry out the spirit Of the. direct primary law
passed by the last Legislature, the territorial
convention should confine itself to the prepare
tiOn discussion and adoption Of platform and
keep away from elections of any kind
Suggestions are now beginning to come out
that should be put in concrete form before the
voters. The Star-Bulletin during the next few
weeks will present the views of a number Of
prominent Republicans and welcomes cOntribu
tons from anyone having at heart the good Of
the party and of the territory.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
CITY PLANNING BREVITIES

Those citizens of Honolulu who are Sinccrrl
Interested in city-planning and VIII" see in til
municipality something besides field for e,
ploitation will he interested in the report of th
Chamber of Commerce. Of Boston giving the pre-
Feeding of the two days conference recently hel'
there. Considerable comment has been arouse
BY the addresses made at this conference, anon!
which the following have been widely reprint
ed
City planning is a form Of scientific manage
ment applied to the city instead of the factory
DR. James Ford.
we have already done too much patchwork
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
RILEY q. ALLEN
JANUARY p, 1914

ShOir me- Il pInrc rh|J" there ixut amy meet
d '.hOnsc and rhCrc preachers is ncr"r seen. and
IN sholr go" a place whrr" old hats air. St"ffcd
MO brOk"n Windcr&. irh|rc the chiIdrcn air dir
ydRd ragged. Wh"rc gates hnr" no hinges. rhcr"
rinlRlin air sipshod. and irhcrc maps of the der
rs TiId w"''Id dir painted upoh mem Shirt-b0<-
rms 1rith tobdrco- joosc THAT'S ,rhnt I'll xhotc
5on Lct rs consider rhat the preachers do for
Is before irr oppose cm.-.ArtpmuS Ward.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
REGULATING THE AUTOMOBILE
TRAFFIC

Honolulu, January %.
Editor Honolulu Star-Bulletin,
Sir: | sometimes drive an autOmo-
bile, and as an automobile owner |
sincerely hope that the supervisors
will stick to the provision in the pro-
posed new ordinance which would re-
uuire all automobiles to come to full
stop before passing street cars which
are at a standstill for the purpose OF
taking on or letting off passengers,
at least in the downtown districts.
At quarter past S O'Clock this
morning the Liliha street car, east
bound, and the Punahou car, going
mauka, arrived simultaneously at the
corner Of King and Fort street. Some
Is or 20 school children hurried from
the Liliha car to catch the Punahou
car and the street was full of the
Youngsters intent only on catching
their school car. Just then a big
private automobile Il hesitate to give
the numberl came down Fort and,
without any consideration for the pc
1estrians, forced it's way between the
Punahou car and the Chambers Drug
COMPANY Sluo"dIh nan tue CuIIuIcu
jumped for the street car and the bal.
ance scampered back to the sidewalk.
greatly excited for fear the car would
leave them.
Such exhibitions of disregard for
the rights of others make necessary,
in my opinion, the enactment of laws
that will adequately protect the users
Of the street cars. and especially the
children. who should certainly be al.
lowed to go from the sidewalk to the
standing car without having to dodge
automobiles driven by persons who
seem to think that they have some
superior right to the use of the street
and to all parts Of it at all times.
Respectfully,
RICHARD H. TRENT.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

From start to finish, II. GoOding Field has
zen one of the storm c"nterS of the Hawaii
ounty graft probe Even at the kcaIOha trial
e has succeeded in evoking a sensation or two.
md vet H. GoOding is as mid-mannered an in
lividual as ever footed up a column of figures
labored with a ledger. II" is so gentle that
e hesitates even to strike trial balance!
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

The feature Of the meeting OF the
members. of the Promotion Committee
this afternoon which Is held ut
$3.50 o'clock in the rooms of the Cham
Der of Commerce. Stangenwa'd build
ing is an address by DIR. Dore-
mus Scudder. pastor of Central Union
church on the Trail and Mountain Club.
All who may be interested in the
workings of this organization are cor.
eially invited to attend the meeting.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

1.-THE Star-Bulletin invites free and
frank discussion in this column on all
legitimate subjects Of current interest
Communications are constantly re-
ceived TO which no signature is at
tached. This paper will treat as con-
fiGential signatures TO letters II the
writer's so desire. but cannot give
space to anonymous communications
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

p. L.wEAvER: The city and coun-
~ needs an ordinance fixing the city
limits so that an ordinance can be
passed prohibiting certain things be-
ing done within the city limits. It
would save a lot Of trouble. printers
ink and space.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

More than a thousand tons of glass
will be used in the construction of
buildings at the Panama-Pacific Inter
rational Exposition, $50 tons having
already having been contracted for to
he used on eight of the main exhibit
Palaces. In the machinery palace
alone there are $4,000 panes of glass
n the faCades now installed and 65,-
600 square feet of glass in the sky
lights. When it is considered that
1000 tons of glass in panes of the av,
erage thickness would cover an auto
mobile road. eight feet wide, from San
Francisco to Los Angeles, distance
Of 500 miles. and leave quite a bit
ever. some idea of the immensely Of
these figures may be gained.
N hats, dninu af ID nnnnO Sc
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

JUDGE H. f. COOPER: | have
desk full OF letters from white men.
from nearly all parts Of the United
States who want to join my colony on
Palmyra island. But ] have decided
my colony shall be practically all South
Sea islanders, Tahitians preferred.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

Jas. STEINER: appreciate ].
W. Caldwell. the superintendent OF
public works. for the good work he il
getting done in and about the grounds
of the executive and judiciary build
ings. Everything about the lawns and
walks begins to look neat and in prop
er form. I admire the man that can
get things done.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

BARON LIE GAY: Il, wish to say
that the statement attributed 10 me
in the morning paper is absolutely
false. / did not deny in any way the
truth OF the StarBulletin's article
dealing with the murder Of Mrs. Chas.
Stewart aIsl suicide OF Wagner, or my
sons part in the tragedy.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

JAMES D. DOUGHERTY: The
Mid.Pacifc Carnival. Limited, with
out doubt will prove a lusty young
ster AS to his parentage, he will be
the child of the entire community of
Honolulu.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

w. P. ROTH: Everybody along
the street" was feeling happy yes
terday for the dividends of the Homo
lulu Consolidated. Oil Company reach
ed here.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

What with "SOapbox," Peter, the Reform Or
anizatiOn of China and the missing Teutonic
xponent of quick money, Honolulu has no lack
barOnS
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

THE AID CLUB: / see that the
carnival is soon to incorporate. When
that has been accomplished I'll inject
a little of my spirit into the corpora
ton and then lay low and boost.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

captain BERGER: OF all the
outdoor concert grounds Aala park is
the best. The acoustics are really
good there, and fine band effects can
be secured
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

Now they want to put Taft'S bust in The
Hague, notwithstanding it occurred in Chicago.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

Uncle Sam is now about to tackle the job of
nScramhling the interviewing dirrct"ratrS.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

House Democrats will investigate the strikes
l Michigan and Colorado. The Democrats are
rcat on investigating.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

Looks real cXaSpcrating of Japan to bring up
his immigration business when they know very
ell that we're busy with IIucrta
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

j. ISAAC ARCIA: Kapahusu is
SO situated at the base of that prom
inent hill, Kaimuki. on the way to
Waikiki, that it very fortunately es-
capes the raging windstorms that
sometimes afflict these adjoining Sec
tons. So
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

SAM HOP: The Chinese team is
likely to get one or two fast play
ers from its recruits. The chance to
make a trip to the states is making
everybody work hard.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

When is the sheriff going To rnforr" the law
N the hula Joint?
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23
LTIIIEfNIELNIEWQ

-COLONEL SAM PARKER: Who
in blazes is Warwick. anyway?
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-01-23

Aud Lane, 3 bedrooms $500
Aud Lane, bedrooms . 1900
Pua Lane OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. $50
The Glenwood post., 1914-10-31

D ours OetVee0
the time when Judas left the upper
room and the time Of this trial were
spent in gathering the Saahedrin from
their various homes throughout the
city Conditions were considered des-
perate enough to Justify the murder Of
Him who spake as never man spAke-
because His teaching was Weakening
the power OF the religious leaders and
Of the traditions Of the elders.
The Sanbedrin was composed OF sev-
enty of the most influential Jews-an
ecclesiastical court. whose voice prop
erly had great influence with the Ro-
man Governor PLATE. in whose hands
alone lay the power Of life or death.
Caiaphas not only filled the once Of
high priest. but in this particular case
acted as prosecuting attorney. While
gathering the Sanhedrin. be had not
forgotten to collect witnesses. who are
said to have been bribsd tb give thelr
testimony. when the Witnesses were
called. their testimonies were seif-con-
Trajectory: and the Jewish Law ~
Quired that at least two witnesses must
agree before any matter could be con-
sidered proven. Finally two agreed
that they had heard Jesus say that He
could destroy the Temple and rebuild
It in three days. They had probably
misunderstood Jesus. However. their
testimonies were too slight to make .
basis for conviction.
As q last resort, Caiaphas attempted
to get Jesus Himself to say something
which he could construe to be bias
phemy. To the various questions Je-
sus answered nothing: but finally
Caiaphas exclaimed. Il adjure Thes
by the living God. tell me truly. Ar
Thou Messiah?" For Jesus to have
kept quiet and not answer this ques-
tion would have been to deny this
truth and to fail to give proper witness
to the Sanhedrin. He therefore avow-
ed that Caiaphas had expressed the
truth in what he had implied
Caiaphas leaped to his feet. anxious
to grasp the opportunity Of calling
The Glenwood post., 1914-10-31
CRIME HAS ALMOST DlaAP-
PEARED FROM "D1Y"
WEST VIRGINIA

Wheeling, W. Va, Sept. 1.-The City
council has decided that the new auto
mobile police patrol, municipal i'm
provement long considered and a short
time ago authorized, is not necessary.
The decision is the result of conditions
in the city since state wide prohibi-
tion went into effect on July LIST. Now,
according to members of the council,
there is no need for the auto patrol as
arrests are few and far between. The
two old wagon patrols under the
"wet" order of things were kept busy
hauling drunks. AS there is nothing
for an auto patrol to do, the city coup-
ell has recinded its action.
At Clarksburg the police force has
been cut in half, from six to three
From July 1st, the day prohibition
went into effect, only one man has
been arrested for drunkenness. The
city also let GO two lookup keepers,
two guards and the workhouse cook
The workhouse is almost empty and
not more than one "jagster" has been
arrested. On July 1st, when prohibi-
tion became effective, the population
Of the workhouse, where men and wc-
men were sentenced for the ofPense Of
drunkenness, was more than one hun
dred-today it Is IS.
The Glenwood post., 1914-10-31

- Implying tnAs
- had heard something awful In.
desd. Turning to the sanhedrin he
inquired. what further need Of Wit.
Dessss have vet Ye yourselves have
bsard His b,asphsmy" They answer.
"a. He = worthy Of dsath."
Apparently only two refrained fron
this vote-Nicodemus and Joseph oa
Arinashsa. beth Of whom nd, isesn-
q to have, great respect for Jss1e.
IT what Influence coald tAsy hnt2l
A.. ttei very hSdk. they esaId eaaial
tat tAe prscs,dtaD e ~ 01ohpdla
vers fieeaEtkat tAe Lav 4ssbeAs
t3t my 1nodl6 SR y eSx0Sl6a 61y.
tody toa1saeh ~ ~ si1A9e6a. f'd q
ilp4s, yAs PWaa1aA.lP - ~ aajsananG
leen YAils IA tasAhse4a yalted n
Hsa go! s3feassaa JOY s{lM SczesrsTahls
zS66161ksdta' ~ NJ paa1e . !
ill11I1.si II n1s1Glekee,' 'Vss 81;
3Seesa - ysgstus uatnat3es"t b ~
st>aeAss,Af AAsySt1scA. NA6 sg1suano
hiNppR0pA 5sAae vAaassse ~. Asaa
n IN - eges4 99N - Fa9Aes N riit
Rsat6aR fhat .aSthiag yas ha0DGD
~ = Atn ,cosh3iy 70 IL EAsl
VA JSu pesisfffsd Sltseli,, 70 ~
tAas ssstse. wttSsot attlapef.G &
hn1se ~ vssu6ts. Vho csn Ol03l
sAet A3s hsi1itaat ulnd coAld qusioly
have hFoaRhf socA n asSu0eafi eAal
~ sanhedria wss,a ~ .havs Aased
70 cuadeDa Hi0!
The Glenwood post., 1914-10-31

A11Y 0l0A0'0 11811SY
fsio o. ,r-, r6', m xU10Aao
rtA54. sl,. A.,l .-r- renasa 100 t.. siI
Year steaeta e isHhass ass, not
.sasiya =. hAp:lsss . thsy. sssa. Ys.
can relieve then alnest issta.tly BY
. dnSas application Il Rssas Liza
neat q. ths bask e.A lsiaA Lanbaso
is . forn sf rhs..stisr, and Yields
perfectly 10 saoaa'A which ps,stzases
quickly al in tAroueA sAs ssrA sssdsr
nusslss linbess up tie back aad
makes It feel Ane. Get . bottle Of
sloaas LinaDent for Is eests Of any
druggist and have it in the Assss-
aginst eelda, sore and swols, jsiats,
rhsunstam, seusalsia, seiatiea aad
like ailments. Yssr no.ey lask e
net atisGed, but, it does give alnsse
instant relief.