davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
LARGEST RAILWAY CENTERs

Oakley, Idaho-What cities in the
United States range one, two, three
as railroad centers? Give brief fig
ures and reasons why. 2. What cit
les rank one, two, three as live stock
markets, based on business for 1918?
H. G. HARRIS.
Chicago is not only the largest rail-
road center in the United States, but
in the world. More than two hundred
railroads have offices in the city and
thirty-two trunk lines have terminals
here. According to railroad experts
Pittsburg ranks second as a railroad
center, chiefly on account of the i'm
mense amount of freight tonnage
created in that city and adjacent ter
ritory. New York is credited with
being the third railroad center in the
country in point Of Importance.
2. Chicago ranks first as a live
stock market, with Kansas City and
Omaha struggling for second place
In 1912 Omaha was ahead of Kansas
City, but was outdistanced by its
rival in 1913.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

almost doubled since 1910, though
there are six million fewer such cat
tie now than then The value per
head on January was $31,13, :om-
pared with $19,o7 in 1910. The val
ue Of milch cows in the United Ststcs
was s53,94 per head in 1914, and $685.
20 in 1910. The hog that was worth
$0,i7 in 1910 is worth $10,40 in 1914.
The average sheep is worth 8 cents
less than it was in 1910, but is worth
10 cents more than it was in 1913.
The sheep, like the cattle, are falling
off in numbers. OF all the meat ani-
mails, hogs alone show small in
crease.
The estimated total number of
these three classes of animals on Jan.
ii, 1914 was 144,507OO0, as compared
with 151 $4,000 in the census year
|of 1910, or decrease of 100000
animals, but because of the higher
prices the present farm value of these
animals is estimated at $1,903,087 900
as compared with s1,534, 100000 in
1.-THE census year, or an increase in
valuation of s395, ,4s7 900.
Compared with population, the
shortage of meat animals is more
than 100000, and it is apparent
that unless there is increased pro-
duction of such animals in the coun-
TRY dollar-a-pound beefsteak is quite
within the range of possibility.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Of Prussia. Under Conrad /. and his
SUCCESSORS the lands had been added
to until the possessions of the Wet
tins stretched from the Oder to the
Werra and from the Erzgebirge to
the Harz mountains. The subsequent
history of the family is merged IN
that Of Meissen, Saxony and the four
Saxon dukedoms. 1t will be remem-
bered that the present kings grand
father, Prince Albert, consort Of
Queen Victoris, was second son of the
hereditary Duke Of -Coburg- Co
tina, belonging to the Ernestine or
elder branch of the royal family of
Saxony. His fathers sister married
the duke of Kent and gave birth to
Victoria, so that the queen and her
consort were cousins.
Hohenzollern is the name of cast
lie that stood on the rill Of Zollern
near Hechingen. More or less tradi-
ton surrounds the origin Of the
house. Effort has been made to con-
meet it with the Colonna family Of
Rome or the Colato family Of Iom-
hardy, but the evidence is not con-
vincing. 1t seems probable that the
Hohenzollerns are descended from the
Burkardingers who were counts in
Raetia during the early part of the
tenth century and two Of whom be-
came dukes Of Swabia. The family
occupied prominent position among
the petty princely families of Swabia
as early as the first half of the
twelfth century and at the close OF
that century, Count Fredric Of .Zoir
was invested with the Burggraviate
of Nuremberg, an imperial office
which descended to his posterity. The
family divided in 1927 and founded
the Swabian and Franconian lines.
Both lines in 1s49 ceded their sover-
eighty to Prussia. The history of the
family from the fifteenth century is
that of Brandenburg Prussia and
Germany.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
NORTHWEST CELEBRATES
FRESH SALMON" DAY


PORTLAND, Ore, March 1s.-
Salmon Day." was featured in rail
way dining cars, in clubs and hotels
all over the northwest today, follow
ing concerted movement on the part
of the fishermen and Gamers to popu-
larize the salmon throughout the
country. The movement, which was
given stimulus here through the
Northern Pacific railroad, followed
by the Great Northern, the Spokane
Portland and Seattle, and Chicago
Milwaukee and st. Paul, has as its
object the stimulation of salmon eat
ing among people who look upon this
fish as merely something to can.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

If the bootlegger crop continues to
flourish and if Sheriff Schrudes car
ries out his intention of putting his
prisoners to work on the county roads
this county is not likely to need the
services of any of Warden Fynan's
convict gangs of road builcers for
some time to come. But there is
going to be decrease in the boot
logger crop, owing to heavy fines,
stiff Jail sentences and also the threat
of the road work.-Grand Ju iction
Sentinel.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

A great deal is said about the state
militia being used in the strike zone.
Will the union officials make it GER
tain that outrages will not be COM
mitted if the troops are withdrawn?
Will they guarantee that life and
property will be safe and men per-
mitted to work who desire to so far
as the striking miners are concerned {?
If they will guarantee this the state
militia will be recalled within forty
eight hours.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
TO DEBATE PANAMA
! CANAL TOLLS QUESTION

FORT COLLINS, Colo, March 10.
The weighty question whether
American vessels should be compel
led to pay tolls for passage through
the Panama canal will be discussed in
three cities tonight when the annual
tri-State Intercollegiate debate be-
tween the Agricultural colleges of
Colorado, Oklahoma and Kansas will
take place.
The Oklahoma team will meet the
Colorado Aggies here and the local in
stitution has sent another team to
Manhattan, Kans., to debate with the
Kansans. Kansas has also sent a
team to Oklahoma to meet the Soon
ers.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
CHILD LABOR.

Sheboygan, Wis.-What is the to-
tai number of children under l6
years Of age who are employed in
the United States in factories, mills
or any other occupation? 2. What
is the total number of unemployed
men in the United States at the pres
ent time7 8. What is the total num-
ber of unemployed women in the Uni
ted States at the present time.
I. A. X.
Census figures of 1910 showed
there were 1,264,427 boys between 10
and 10 who were working for wages
and 4S5,767 girl breadwinners be-
tween the ages Of 10 and Is. Later
figures are not at hand. 2. All esti-
mates on this question are Of the
widest sort Of guess work. Only in
few places have organized efforts
beep made known to get at the cor
rect figures. Police reports in Chi
cago show $4,000 men unemployed at
the present time. 8. No canvass has
been made upon which to base any
definite or even approximate figures.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

ing the army and navy. 2. What will
the the cost of the fortifications at
Panama? 8. How long is the larg-
est gun owned by the United States,
where is it located and what is the
cost of the same? A. Can you give
fairly accurate estimate of the num-
ber of men killed in battle in mod
ern times? 5, How often does the
peace conference meet at the Hague !?
|6. What has that body accomplish
ed so far?
WALTER G. WIGHT.
/. Appropriations for the army and
navy for 1918 were $214,183,721, to
which might be added expenditures
by the several states on the National
Guard and $175,084,4 ,451 paid to pen
sioners. Estimates of the present
year total $235, ,O66, ,7ss. not including
cost of fortifications, military acade-
my and other items.
2. For Notifications and armament
of the Panama Canal, congress has
appropriated by acts passed in March
1911 and June, 1913 total of $11,-
6S2,950.
8. The largest guns are used in
coast defense. They are sixteen inch
bore, forty-nine feet long, weigh
$4,000 pounds and with elaborate
machinery necessary for operation
and emplacement they cost about g.
10000 each. The longest guns are
being made with fourteen-inch bores,
more particularly for battleships.
They are fifty-five feet long, cost
$4,000 each and to mount $4,000
additional. Each round of ammuni-
tion costs more than 5000.
a. Loss if life in the Mexican war,
1916, ,1s48, was 10000; American civil
war, 94,4O0; Franco-Prussian war,
q, 900; the Boer war, 1000; the war
between Russia and Japan $4,000.
These figures are from a report of
a Massachusetts commission on the
cost of living in 1910.
s. There have been two Hague
peace conferences, the first of 26 ma
tions, May 1S, 1899; the second of
40 nations. June 15, 1907. 1t is ex-
pected the third will be held in 1915.
One of the apparent results of the
movement is permanent court of ar
bitration, before which several cases
of Importance have been settled. It's
influence for peace may be seen and
felt in many places.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
UNEMPLOYED ARE DEFIANT

SACRAMENTO, Cal, March 1s.-
The unemployed are defiant, despite
the ultimatum by the associated sher-
ifs and district attorneys of Sacra-
mento, Yole and Contracosta coun-
ties, that the army must disperse i'm
mediately or other measures will be
taken.
The army replied by refusing to
move. The members state they will
stick to it year If necessary to win.
It is unknown what other measures
they contemplate.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
EMPLOYEES ROBBED OF DE-
POSTTS; THREATEN REVENGE

NEW YORK, March 1S.-A near
riot occurred in Siegels' Fourteenth
street store when it was learned that
the store will close tomorrow night.
1t is reported that many of the en-
ployes had savings in the bank oper-
ated by the Siegels enterprises,
which it is understood will not pay
over ten cents on the dollar.
Girl employees became hysterical
and threatened to wreck the store.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
RITCHIE AND WOLGAST
GO TEN ROUNDS TO DRAW

MILWAUKEE,. Wis, March l3.-
Referee Stout, who was forbidden
legally from deciding the Wolgast-
Ritchie fight last night privately cal
led 1t a draw. Richie was battered
but Wolgast was unmarked. But in
the seventh round Richie noored
Wolgast. having him groggy. The
ten rounds were fisrcely fought.
Ritchis's shars Il $4,000 and VOL
CASTS $4,000.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
TWO CALIFORNIA FACTORIES
( CLOSED BY SUGAR TARIFF
Denver News.

Denver News.
The Hamilton sugar factory in the
Sacramento valley of California has
closed down on account of the reduc-
tion in sugar tariff. This factory is
new and modern in every particular.
1t owns thousands of acres of land
which have been planted to sugar
beets in the past. This year all these
lands will be sown in wheat. A sim
liar condition is said to exist at the
Corcoran factory in the San Joaquin
valley. This is also fine factory
owning great tracts of land. The
lands will be planted in grain.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Mrs. Emma L. Hall, of New York,
is seeking divorce (and incidentally
alimony) from the man she alleges is
her husband. The man says he is not
her husband; that he never married
her. The woman, who is about t8
years Of age, says she Marie Hail
seven or eight years ago, and that
although there was no real ceremony
Hall put his arm around her waist,
kissed her. and said: "Now we are
married." so she thought they were.
Poor innocent child Of forty. The
man must be = wretch.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Judge Lands in sentencing man
who pleaded guilty to some trivial
crime, instructed the officers to count
the time the man had been in Jail
in connection with the sentence i'm
posed by the court, adding: at
seems ridiculous to send this man to
Jail for any length of time when hun
dreds who should be in Jail are riding
around the country on special trains"
Wonder if he meant the railroad plum
derers.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

The idealist sees the things of the
earth as they are, but also as they
ought to be. He dreams, and longs
to see his dreams realized. In our
early years we are all idealists. Youth
is not daunted by even the enthusi-
asm of youth, but the tragedy of age
is possible only when that enthusiasm
is gone, says the sage of the Ari-
zona Globe.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Toulon, lll.-Will you please tell us
the sir names of the King of Great
Britain and the Emperor of Ger
many? :.
E. L. MENDENHALL.
If King George were an ordinary
citizen he would be known as Mr..
Victim, while Hohenzollern is the
family name of the royal house of
Prussia, in which has been vested also
since Jan. IS, 1871, the dignity of
the German emperor. Efforts to
trace the name Victim from the first
source have not been wholly success
full but descended to the family from
which several of the royal houses Of
Europe have sprung from a castle
which stood near small town Of the
same name on the River Saale. The
earliest known ancestor was one De-
trich, Count of Hassegau, who was
killed in 9S2, while fighting the Hun
garians. His sons Dedo l. and Fred
rick, received lands from the Wends
Dedo's son, DIETRICH H., inherited
these lands, distinguished himself in
warfare against the Poles, and mar.
ried Matilda, daughter of Ekkard, IL
margrave of Meissen. Their son
Dedo, H., obtained the Saxon east
mark and lower Lusatia on the death
of his uncle Ekkard H., in 1046, but
in 1863 he quarreled with the EN-
peror Henry w., and was compelled
to surrender his possessions. He
died in 1915 and his lands were grant.
ed to his son, Henry L., who, in 1895
was invested with the mark of Meis-
sen. In 1103 Henry was succeeded
by his cousin Thimo, who, before he
died in 1l04, and built castle at
Victim and was called by that name
Conrad l., son of Thimo, come into
possession in 1130, after the death OF
an uncle, In 1156 Conrad abdicated
and his lands were divided among his
five sons, the county of Victim fall
ling to his fourth son, Henry, whose
family died out in 1917. Wetten then
passed to the descendants OF the
youngest son, Fredrick, and in 1888
the county. town and castle of Wet
tin were sold to the Archbishop OF
Magdeburg, by whom they were re-
tanned until the peace of Westphalia
in 164S when they passed to the elec-
tor Of Brandenburg and afterwards
became incorporated in the kingdom
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
SUAANNA sCHWENDEI

Presumably the term church here
is intended to apply to the Christian
church, although it may be used by
any religious socitey, such as the
Jewish, which is an older body. Just
when the Roman state began to re-
gard the Christians as a sect distinct
from the Jews cannot be stated with
certainty, according to the Schaff-
Herzog Religious encyclopedia. For
some time the Christians continued
to be regarded and dealt with by the
magistrates as Jewish sect The
traditional ten prosecutions were
under Nero, A. D., 81; Domitian 96;
Trajan 112-113; Marcus Aurelius,
1T; Septimus Servius, 202; Maxi
mus, 235; Decius, 249-25l; Velerian,
257; Aurelian, 274. and Diocletain
and his successors, 3O3-313. Some Of
the authorities assert this number has
no basis in fact and it has been ar
gued that it probably was suggested
by the ten plaques of Egypt or the
ten horns of the beast in the Apocaly-
pse. There was probably not time
however, from an early date when
prosecutions or annoyance was not
going on somewhere.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Wonder if Bryan's note regarding
the ransom of Terrazas will come in
for the same consideration as pre-
vious notes. In this connection it
will be interesting to know just how
long the Constitutionalist leaders will
be able to bluff and make it work.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Congressman Evans, before leaving
gave out an interview in which he
said the moral atmosphere in Dem
yer was very low and that it was
due to the attitude of the newspapers
which were an injury to the city. He
intimated the leaders on both sides
were too narrow and factional. Pretty
severe roast, but in the main true.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16
Chicago.-What are the duties of
the courts of Scotland?

Vic CouTtS Ol SCOtlAnO!
NATHANIEL BACON.
The principal courts are the sheriff
courts, the high court of justiciary
and the court of session. As shown
in Palgrave's Dictionary of Political
Economy, courts are also held by JUS
tees OF the peace and magistrates of
burghs, but they are not of such i'm
portance as corresponding courts in
England, great part Of the jurisdic-
tion being intrusted to the sheriffs.
A sheriff court exists for each coun-
ty and has an extensive civil and
criminal jurisdiction. Even in Grim
inal trials the sheriff is frequently
competent to act without a jury, The
sheriff must be a trained lawyer. The
high court of justiciary is the su-
preme criminal court. The judges are
called "lords commissioners of justi-
ciary" and hold sittings with juries
both in Edinburgh and in the larger
provincial towns. Since 1887 every
judge of the court Of session is one
of the lords commissioners of justi-
ciary. The lord president of the court
of session has the title of -1ord JUS
tice general" Before the court of
session actions which the sheriff is
mot competent to try must be brought
in the first instance, and as regards
all other actions it has concurrent
action with the sheriff court. The
court is divided into the inner house,
consisting of two divisions each with
four judges, and the outer house, con-
sisting of five judges who are called
lords ordinary. Actions generally are
brought in the first instance before
one of the lords ordinary and may
then go to one of the divisions of the
inner house by way of appeal, but
certain matters, including appeals
from the sheriff court, must 60 at
once to the inner house.
Actions of certain nature coming
before the court of session are tried
with jury, but on the whole the trial
by jury of civil actions is not nearly
as frequent in Scotland as it is in
England. Appeals lie from the court
of session to the house of lords. In
respect of the administration of es-
tates the court has the full powers
of a court of equity, but in practice
the court interferes as little as pos
sible with executors or with the trus-
tees under settlement.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Chas. S. Thomas has not wired con.
gratulations to Durango Democrat:
for the mastery manner in which
they handled resolutions endorsing
his policy. Neither has he wired thai
Durango will secure that extra $50,
900 for the federal building.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

$50 you don't call on Miss Butte any
more. Quarrelled ?" well, told her
| preferred to have her kiss me be-
fore and not after she kissed her pet
dog" "And what did she say"
"She said l evidently forgot that the
dog might have his preference, too
Boston Transcript.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Begins to look as though Massachu-
setts will submit constitutional
amendment permitting women to vote
and that it will carry even in that
staid old state. In twenty-five years
woman suffrage will prevail in every
state in the union and prohibition
likewise.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Isn't it queer how ignorant the gen.
eral run of police over the country
when it comes to gambling and law
violations? Takes the newspapers to
expose the dens and then the police
are quick to act when once brought
before the public.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

1t certainly must wrench the very
vitals Of the Wilson administration to
put forth these bulletins showing the
constantly increasing cost of living.
But there is still one Jeffersonian
patriot who won't admit it; Bryan
still claims the new tariff will bring
down the aforesaid cost soon says the
Colorado Springs Gazette.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

With increasing general taxes, cor
poration tax, state and federal income
tax, the general public is taxed to
death. It's tax on thrift and the
politicians spend the money right
and left. Where it is going to END
is hard to tell.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

The California army of unemploy-
ed should be placed on diet OF
bread and water ard the rock pile
When men demand food and money
and say they will not work it IS time
drastic action was taken.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

fore newsboys. A Longmont ranch.
er displayed roll Of bills amounting
to 1920 when he was hunting for a
nickle to buy paper. There were
two newsies and they grabbed the
dough and scooted. The ranchman
told his troubles to the proper per.
son. q policeman,
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Something must be going to hap
pen when state official refuses to
accept preferred increase Of $4,000
year in salary. Offer it to Bryan
who says he cannot live on $4,000 a
year.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Suffering with empty stomachs and
broken heads would not appeal to
many, but men who will not work
and insist ON marching to Washing
ton, are deficient in many ways OF
they would be willing to be decent
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Texas must account to u. S. for
its Mexican raid. ur'ess Colqui,t
makes immediate report president
will demand one" Above is news
paper heading. How poetic. But it
is not likely the president will make
any special demand of the fire-eat-
ing Texan.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Whenever anybody attempts to
make political speech lin England
there is riot. There are many peo-
pie in England who continue, never
theless, to make political speeches.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

The Interstate commerce commits
sion has found that the supposed
model railroad company, the st. Paul.
iuggles its figures. Railroad mana
gers are being found out these days.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Brasil is having = governmental
uphsaval. The reason isn't clear, but
it Is probably because It happens to
b Brasil's turn 70 upheave.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

We assume that John Bassett
Moore is too patriotic to begin at
this time to hope that the govern
ment at Washington may go down in
an ignominious wreck, says the
Record Herald.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Nine. Tetrazzini wants Cleofonte
Campanini to pay her $250,000 be-
caused he is alleged to have said her
voice was fading and that Nine. Mel
ba had her beaten as coloratura So
prano. II she gets the money it will
be a great victory for the artistic
temperament.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

The governor of Massachusetts has
notified the legislature of that state
that he will refuse an increase of
his salary from $4,000 to $4,000 a
year If it is offered. Political sur
prises are coming in punches.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Among the other steady jobs
which some claim are scarcer that
they should be during Democratic
administration, is that of waiting for
Huerta to resign or be shot out of
office.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

With the exposures in connection
with the New Haven, Rock Island.
Frisco and other railroad corpora
lions, no wonder capital is nervous
about taking hold Of railroad enter
priaAa -
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

The larger cities are caring for
one million of the unemployed. Prob
ably large percentage of this num-
Der wouldn't work II they had a
chance. They are mere hangers on.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Most of the men enlisted under the
banner of the Industrial Workers o.
the World should have the name of
the order changed to II Won't Work.
Can then use the same initials.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

And II the unemployed could get
al the jobs that have been offered
Col, Gosthals during this hard winter
the strain would be relieved to some
extent.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

c. W. Post, probably did not fol-
low his own advice. He advertised
that users of grape nuts would never
have appendicitis.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Look for Miss Mary Garden to have
half dozen colds and other ailments
before she appears in Denver in grand
opera. Her press agent must keep
her before the public.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Ex-Attorney General Wickersham
says the dissolution of the Standard
Oil Company has been a complete
success. Yes, for the company. Con-
sumers have had to pay the bill.
Every time trust is attacked up go
trust products and what are you 60
ing to do about it?
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Billy Sunday is slated for stunt
at Colorado Springs in June. He will
make that naturally cool place hot
for some Of them.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-03-16

Frsddie-Ha, what is the baby's
hams?-
Ma-The baby hasn't any name.
Freddie-Then how did he know he
belonged hsrsf