davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Cont "a band In Neutral ships Going
To Neutral Ports.

In Wow Of the seizure 10y British
warsh!p Of the American tank steamer
John Il. Rockefeller, bound for the neu
trail port of Copenhagen. 1t will not be
amlss To- state the rule OF international
law applicable to such cases. although
the release Of The captured ship has
been announced in Il despatch to the
British Ambassador az Washington. No
better expression of the rule in ques
ton has ever been given than this:
IN order to constitute contraband Of
war, u Is absolutely essential that two
clements should concur-yiz, hostile
quality and a hostile destination. II
either OF these elements II wanting. there
can be 40 such thing as contraband In
nocent goods going TO a belligerent are
not con',ahand Here there is u destl-
nation but no hostile quality. Hostile
goods, such as munitions OF war. going 10
II neutral port. are not contraband. Here
there is hostile quality but no hostile
destination"
OIL is conditional contraband. II so
declared by bellgerent. 1t has be.
come essential to the prosecution OF
war, being used as fuel for cruisers,
torpedo craft, motor trucks. drigible
balloons ana aeroplanes. England has
declared fuel conditional cOntrab band
without indicating oil, but its inclusion
will certainly he claimed and may be
assumed on then. may be treated
MS In the list OF hostile goods" and a
munition of war, Nevertheless. 1t Is
the una ,salablc right OF American ex-
porterS to send carg0es OF oil TO neutral
ports, such as Copenhagen. England
can advance no right of capture and
seizure, unless she can prove that the
oil was intended for the use OF the
enemy and that the port mentioned IN
the ships papers WAS not the port OF
destination. ManIfestly this is very
difficult of proof.
lu releasing the oil steamer John ID.
Rockefeller the British Government ha Is
acted with the same good judgment
and consideration that 1t displayed m
the Bocr war when three ships the
Beatrice, Maria ana MashOnn carrying
American goods, including OIL ami
bound Tor l)clagOa Bay (POrtuguese)
were seized by British cruisers. Two
Of these ships flew the British dag ana
the other the flag Of the Netherlands
Germany suffered from similar inter
ference with her African trHde. Count
Won Bt'Low, the German Foreign Min
lister, then insisted upon the principle
hat for ships consigned from neutral
States to a neutral port the notion OF
contrahand simply does not exist"
That is the American contention. with
which ii IS gratifying to find Great
Britain disposed 10 comply.
The cases of the other two ships held.
the BrlndllH and Platuria, turn on the
validity of their transfer from the Ger
man to the American flag.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

To the great regret OF the country and
for the qualification OF IIoKE SMITH.
the Long Congress has not yet halted
80 that It's impatient statesmen may
satisfy their so cruelty suppressed
eagerness TO become fence viewers. But
the glory OF the session now prolonged
~ not solely chronological. The Demo
cratic Representatives. and Senators
with n very few unruly exceptions have
been meeker than MosFs. They had II
modest se'f-dstrust. They knew That
he that obeyeth reproof getteth under.
standing. They submitted docllely TO
direct government. They dreamed Of
Independence for the Philippines but
not for the Congress.
Time has yet TO test the worth "
the far reaching and momenious stat
utes passed ~ this session. However
they work. the honor or the blame he
longs to their chief fount and origin.
WOODROW WILSON. the accomplished.
patriotic and compelling master builder
~ the Democracy. y quiet autocrat. a
political genIus-Hnd more than bit Of
n doctrinairc.
Wei. tine Long Congress Is about TO
take rcSt. For the sake Of every
hodys brrud ana butter may 1t give
business 4 permanent one.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
THE TRADE COMMISSION.
A Correction OF MIR. Taft's Criticism he.
fore the Ber Association.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: just
for the record In connection with ex-
President Taft's reference to the so-called
Federal Trade Commission bill before the
American Bar Association prompt atten-
ton should. think, be directed TO the fact
that Mr.. TAFT referred apparently to the
draft of the bill as adopted by the SEN
ate, not TO the bill as II came from the
conference committee and was finally
adopted and approved. The present stat
ute prohibits not unfair competition"
which Is quite susceptible Of the construc-
ton placed upon Il by the ex-Presldent.
but unfair methods Of competition a
term which is. I think, not susceptible of
that construction.
Nor does the statute as finally adopted
simply impose upon the mmlssion the
duty OF enforcing the prohibition. but 1t
quite specifically and clearly gives IL "A
discretion 20 enforce the prohibition II and
when the commission deems 1t TO be TO
the Interest OF the public" 70 do SO. As
the law now stands there Is therefore no
prohibition OF unfair competition" or
even OF unfair methods OF competition"
until and when the executive Ia tnddte Is
sues In particular case 20 prohibit a
particular act. Tho only law ls the exccu-
tive mandate. and ;he lawmaking power
over the whole subject Is plainly and un-
equlYocally delegated 20 the executive
commission, with the sole limitation that
the act which Il may deem IL advisable
to prohibit Is within the broad field COW
cred by the term unfair methods OF COM
petition" II Is also OF course to be noted
that this executive patcrnalism extends
not over quasi public businesses or trans
actions, not over corporations as such.
but over the private businesses and phi
waite transa ctlons Of corporations. indl-
Nduals and partnerships engaged 10 any
extent In commerce between the states.
think IL should be made clear that the
law in these respects Is quite different
from the bill which seems to have been
the subject OF ex-Presidcnt Tafts dis
cussion. ROBERT X. REED
NEW YORK, October 90
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Is the Cuiebra cut Such n Menace:

To THE EDITOR OF TIE SuN-Sir: The
brief note in THE SUN OF October 81 in
the form OF modest assurance that
Colonel Cocktails will make II his con
Germ to minimize the chances OF another
slide in the Culebra Cut moves me- 10 say
that il Is the general opinion in Central
America that the Panama Canal will
never be fully what is expected Of It, for
the reason that the Cuebra. Mountain
rests on a fathomless clay bed. The
cut has resulted In a constant pressure
OF the two sides. thus creating a mud
volcano There is only one way to elimi-
nate that mud volcano, and that is Ia
remove the entire mountain. How many
years of labor and how many millions ~
dollars would il take to accomplish that
task? In war with an Asatic Power
the Panama Canal might prove dsap-
polntment. A, e DoBRIN
NEW YORK, October 90,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Mr. Dana on the Russians.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: In
these days of so much denunciation OF
Russia as the "barharous Slav" by n GER
tain brand of "culturlsts" the following
size up OF the Russian by an eminent
American may not be amiss.
1t WAS shortly after the return OF
Charles \, Dana from an extensive Old
World tour that John Swinton delivered a
lecture on topic OF general interest to
labor Al the close OF the address Swim
ton was asked, How about Russian"
Swinton in answering the question told
his audience that he had asked very much
the same question of Mr.. Dana a few
DAYS before and Mr., Danas answer was
What do | think OF the Russians? Why,
the Russians are Just like other people"
New YORK, October 20, j +. FOLEY.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
ORR TNREADINESS FOR WAR
MIR. Gardeners Proposal for Commission
OF Inquiry Approved.

To THE EDITOR or THE SuN-Sir: Pres
ident Wilson's fippant manner OF treating
Representative GARDENERS resolution call
ing for a commission TO investigate the
military and naval conditions OF the Uni
ted States and its unpreparedness for an
attack by n first class Power will hardly
strike the country as BETTING the dignity
OF his great office
or course he has heard this same talk
OF appropriateness since he was 10 years
old The United States has never been
prepared, but is that any reason why II
should shirk its duty now?
An Investigation commits US TO nothing.
but may point the way to necessary re-
forms in both the army and the navy.
The country Is entitled 10 know just
where II stands. II cannot arrord TO go
on indefinitely. ostrlchlike. with Its head
In the sand OF innumerable peace trea-
ties II.
NEW YORK, October %
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
BROOKLYN EMPLOYERS UNITE.
Committee for Public safety Ia En-
large Its scope.

The Brooklyn Institution for Safr'F
to be the new name OF the BROOKLYN com,
mittee for Public Safety, II the pror i.
to enlarge the scope and activit'~ ~
the organization is adopted at the ar
nual meeting In the Hamilton '''o.
Brooklyn. next Monday afternoon
The society will then become a mem
bershlp corporation and Will seek 10 ne
fliate as broadly as possible the EN-,
ployers of labor within the Borough "'
Brooklyn.
Gen. George w. Wingate, chairman o.,
the committee, announced the proposed
changes yesterday afternoon In eta,'.
ment which showed tho success or the
organization during its first year and out
lined it's new purposes
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Sanding Just outside the three mile
limit, hrr seArchights constantly illumi-
mating the entrance to Honolulu harbor, the
Japanese hattleshlp Hzen kept patrol last
night, while anchored In the roads the
German warship Gcer awaited the YER
diet OF port officials as TO how long she
may remain In the harbor for repairs
Honolulu despatch.
1t would not be fair fight IL the
Geier steamed out She Is an unpro-
tectcd cruiser Of only ! $40 tons, with
eight inch guns and a maximum speed
OF seventeen knots while the Hizen is
an armored ship OF 1900 tons. with q
main battery of four IL inch guns and
a secondary battery OF twelve 8 inch
guns. One shell from the Hizen would
blow the midget out of the water.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Presiden, WILSON to-day congratulated
]. + DUCKwoRTH, North Carolina
mountainsor. on having been the father Of
twenty-five children and having voted the
Democratic ticket for sixty-hve years.
Washington despatch.
Mountainerr WORTH. II seems. Ia
the father Of eighteen sons. II was
Therefore fitting in these days Of wars
and wars alarms that his fidelity to
the Democratic party was regarded as
of secondary consideration.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
a Domestic Wall.

We're living by a budget now.
The care free days are fed,
We cannot dig into our Jeans
And bllthely go ahead
Each dollar Is divided up,
And while We gaze In awe
Is split for forty-ssven needs
By Mede and Persian law.
For extra buds or feasts or fun
In vain our longing sishs.
'"rhe budget won't allow ~ that"
The banker stern replies.
Although we may keep out OF debt.
The car. free days are spent;
Alas We cannot eat the coal,
We cannot wear the rent,
MoLAspBuRGH WILSON
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
German boycott on hostile poets

German boycott on hostile poets
Headline.
War poets, war professors. heated
Chnuvinstlc literary persons in gem
eral should I've set TO making bandages
instead Of abusive verse and prose.
1t Is most curious II true that ANAroLg
FRANCE at 20 has been allowed to enlist.
possibly to discharge epigrams against
the enemy: but ASAToLEs self-mockins
and ironic spirit as well as his sense
Of form would keep him from Billings
gate where WILLIAM WATSON, for ex-
ample, loves to dwell in his warrior
frenz!es. Why Is It that nobody else can
be as ferocious as the pen phalanx?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

To THE EDiToB ~ THE srs--Sir' Il Is
curious how n sense OF responsibility will
not only solaee a man but change his hp-
pearsnce, II may not actually change his
bones and muscles, but II puts q new ex-
preston on his face and gives him q different
gait and manner Especially after he gets
married NOT THE Boss
NEW YORK. october 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Poor Belgium! When she 10 not
being attacked BY the Germans the
British are wasting her towns by bonn
hardments from the sea to protect her
from the Germans Have you sub
scrlbed to the fund for the relief OF the
destitute and bereaved Belgians?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
An Expert witness for Governor
G.ynn,

No man has done better service in
enforcing economy on the city Of New
York than GrORGE MCANl Ny, member
Of the Board of Estimate since Janu-
AIRY ], 1910, and a leader in intelligent
enorts 10 prevent waste ana make a
taxpayers dollar go ms far as n private
employers. When he speaks Of saw
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Liberty OF opinion" II INDICATED. The
Harvard professor OF psychology re-
sumes his throne. Henceforth wiener
wurst Will be doubly dear. recalling to
him who eats thereof the august Cap
tain-Maior that conjured two cents into
SO 900 900.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Having begun by describing the Same
Old BILL az a crook. the Colonel may
he expected to tell the truth about some
more q his friends before the campaign
comes to an end.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

WAsHINGToN. oct. ga change %,
Government In Venuzuela was rep"r..
to the state Department to-day. Two
Cabinet resigned on the night OF pci'',
FL and their designations we're promr'y
accepted, but the reasons FOR the changes
are not yet known here.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

When Commissioner WOODS dismissed
Police Captain HussEY yesterday. that
worthy undoubtedly began to speculate
as TO the amount OF back pay he will
receive when the courts reinstate him.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Should not Police Lieutenant KENNEL
be put on trial for making a political
contribution in paying postage on Two
Cent TANNERS political boomerangs?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Erentr0 Post
Not easy. In fact impossible to some
five or six million American verse
manufacturers
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

The Hippo--why so happy
Tho Girane-I think I'll set the British
lions Job; I'm better equipped for tho Yep
pelin neck.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

The average last years earnings OF
Chicago University was si4s Possibly
It's easier To make money when you're
in college than it is after you're out.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Commodities,

knieker-Ensland viii allow us to pay
part OF our debt IN cotton.
Bocker--I always pay mine In soft SOAP.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Sing Sing IL being transformed into
sch ol for chauffeurs, and thus Is In
ringing on the field OF the Y. NJ c. A.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

~ our friends icho fdro, We ufh mdnuscrtpfs
and Illustrations for publication ntsh TO have
,ejsctcd articles returned hsv mpH IN all ossss
send stamps Tor that purpos.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Negro Question Settled.

The negro question, which arose through
the election of William l.. Lewis, formerly
an Assistant Attorney-General in the
Taft Administration. and two other negro
lawyers to membership in the assocla-
ton. was finally closed this afternoon
without the bitter and acrimonious de-
bate which was expected.
George w. Wickersham Of New York
former Attorney General made an un-
successful tight several years ago to pre-
vent the adoption of a resolution directing
that whenever local councils of the aSso-
citation submit lists of persons for cleo
ton to membership the council should
state II any are negroes
At the concluding session this after
noon Moorfield Storey of Boston sub
rntted a resolution repeating the former
action of the association. He made a
brief speech saying that an agreement
had been reached on the question by
which he thought all differences OF opinion
would be composed and requested th1;
his motion be deferred pending action on
another resolution which was submitted
by 81. George Tucker of Virginia.
The Tucker resolution provided that
the local councils in submitting lists OF
new members for election shall give IN
formation as TO race, sex and all other
details required by the executive COM
mittee OF the association.
Mr.. Storey declared that this substitute
for his resolution was satisfactory ~
him and II was adopted with only "a f."
dissenting votes
Prior to the election of Offices AZ 'He
morning session Senior Romulo
the Argentine Ambassador to the Unit
States. made an address on The N't.n'
tine Constitutional Ideas"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
Mr. Taft's observations.

Denunciation of the recent political
measures abrdging the rights Of The
courts was the keynote Of practically al!
the speeches. In introducing the speakers
ex-President Taft, the toastmaster, r.
ferred TO the advocates OF such measures
IS "featherheads," and characterized
their measures as "froth"
The recall Of Judges" he declared. is
stu In the Progressive platform. bur
you don't hear 1t even whispered The
opposition to courts usually comes r. m
the most popular persons in the country
The Supreme Court is permanent
court and will outl!ve political parueA
The attacks upon II are ephcmerAl aud
II will outlive all opposition. Public SEN
timent should not be gagged BY such
periods but should be considered over a
term OF years.
II love the Supreme Court and | have
no sympathy for the featherheads who
have been attacking it. 1t needs the sup.
port OF every member of the bar all over
correct these NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS."
Peter W. Meldrim of Savannah. Ga, was
elected president of the American Bar
Association. George Whtlock OF Balti-
more, secretary. and Frederick +. Wad-
hams of Albany, treasurer, were both re-
elected.
Members OF the executive COMMITTEES
for the next year were named as follows
William H. Burgess OF FL Pasu Ten
William II. Stake OF Philadelphia, Will
lam G. Niblack OF Chicagu, John Nor-
hees OF Sioux Falls, S. D. S. =. Spencer
OF st. Louis. William +. Bynum Of
Greensboro. n. c.. and Chaplin Brown Of
the District of Columbia.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23
chief JUSTICE WHITE
PLEADS FOR COURTS
Urges American Bar to krfcnd
Attacks on Judiciar sy,d
COnstit ltiOn.
TAFT REBUKES CRITICS

WASHINGTON, Oct. 22.--ln a notah,.
speech tonight before the American r,,
Associations banquet. given in common.
Grafton OF the 125th anniversary OF tho
Supreme Courf OF the United state,
Chief Justice White OF the court warn,
the members OF the legal profe s,.o,
against permitting misconceptions regard.
ing the courts and the Constitution 10
go uncorrected.
He declared that every lawyer should
remember that he is a disciple Of clyil
liberty and that II the American Consul.
tuition and the safeguards OF civil rights
are overthrow disaster to the country
and to the welfare and happiness of The
people will follow.
Chief Justice White expressed the op!n.
ion. however. that the agitation and GRID.
cism against the courts is waning and
that 1t will pass away eventually.
Sets q Precedent.
The Chief Justice reminded hs audience
that so far as he was aware II was the
first time a Chief Justice of the Supr,fu.
Court had ever responded to toast II
In very seldom indeed that the CHIEF Jus
tice consents to make a public speech lie
traced the development OF the Constitution
and declared that except during the civil
war It had stood mistaken since the foun.
dalton OF the Government.
The past is secure" he said The
present Is now certainly secure. whatever
may be the mutterings. with the Hight OF
passion fading away l see the visible blue
! see the pathway pointing to the pres
ervation OF American Institutions.
II can see the north star and the
southern cross. The lawyer should be
reminded that he Is a disciple OF human
liberty and should guard against ignorance
and misconception. Not long ago
visited an educational institution and
mingling with the undergraduates found
the most surprising misconceptions as q
our form OF Government
81 asked why such curious errors should
exist. / was Informed that the professors
OF that institution had had no practical
experience and that was the reason why
they had been teaching such ideas
You in your speeches and 1 in min.
must do all we can to counterfeit their
effect. II Is our duty 10 bear In mind
constantly the awful CONSTITUENCIES II the
constitutional safeguards should he over
thrown The struggle is great one
II involves not only this country but the
whole world, because II this great eN-
ample OF constitutional government
should fall down, who shall say that civil
liberty will not disappear from the
earth?'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

London once. bingham House. / Arundel
street. strand
Paris Office 6 Rue de 10 Michodtere. on
Rue du Quatre Septembre.
Washington once Hubs Building.
Brooklyn Office. 100 Livingston street.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

Published daily. including Sunday. by the
sun Printing and Publishing Association at
10 Nassau street. in the Borough Of Man
haitian, Sew York. President and Treasurer.
william G. Reick, 10 Nassau street; Vice
President. Edward =. Mitchell. 40 Nassau
street. secretary. c. Il Luxton. ITO Nassau
ntrnaf
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-23

All checks, money orders. &C. to be made
payable to THE Sun
The Arvada enterprise., 1914-01-22
sPoNoEs FOR FERTiLIzlNo.

Tho department OF agriculture,
through its bureau OF soils. has re-
Gently completed analysis OF the Log.
gerhcad sponge, which grows abund,
antly In the waters of Southern Flori-
da. to determine It's value as fertil-
izer. This sponge, according to Mr.
Thomas Il. Reedy Of Key West. grows
in countless thousands and to an
enormous size In shallow water. where
1t is easy to procure. Mr.. Reedy also
states that the farmers of the Florida
keys use the Loggerhead sponge with
wonderful results and hardly ever use
chemical fertilizers. DR.. II. r. Moore
OF the United States bureau OF fish.
cries cites the use OF this sponge by
mainland and states that he has seen
this sponge growing In such quaint.
ties that he has long thought It should
be exploited.
A specialist OF the department re
Gently made analyses of samples
from Key West which verify tho
value OF this sponge as fertilizer.
The analyses show that tho approx.
mate results on air dry material show
four per cent, OF nitrogen, three-quar.
ters Of one per cent. each OF potash
and phosphoric acid, Ave per cent. OF
lime and 40 per cent OF organic mat.
ter. The specialists say that It Is
evident from the composition OF this
material and its demonstrated eff
cheney as fertilizer that It has con.
siderable value to farmers and fruit
growers who have easy access to It
In the shadows OF the sea. Tho de
partment Is conducting further inves.
legations to determine the feasibility
OF extending the use OF this sponge AZ
a fertilizer.