davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25

known either to-day or tomorrow but
who, in her own twisted way. helps to
make the history OF Europe. Lurid
stories are told of the manner in which
these women obtain their information:
but really, the means are quite simple.
She is permitted to set up a luXuriously
appointed establishment, to which she
invites highly placed gentlemen and
eXacts only little conversation on DO
htical events of the day by way of COM
pensation.
The Great Frederick is reported to
nave said that Il have one cook and a
hundred spies" To-day the position IL
a little broader: for since Germany has
seen herself as the future apex OF
world power the courtesan is always
welcomed in Berlin and other large
towns and furnished with ample funds
Tor work In other countries. They are
"a curious. cosmopolitan company:
mostly Partisan, though they display
no national idiosyncrasy, and II would
he difficult for the observer to ascribe
10 them any particular nationality.
often they assume a title from the old
French regime to which they have no
right, and Comtesse and Duchesse ap-
pear frequently In the secret register
They will appear everywhere" as the
phrase goes. extensively gowned and
accompanied by squires of recognized
social position and may perhaps
acquire reputation for dogs. or
charity, or movements for sailors
homes OF rest and so forth. In Berlin
they have regular meeting places. one
OF which Is so well known that / may
without indiscretion name 1.-THE
Blumensale, | remember the case of a
German ! knew very we'll some years
ago, who was for considerable time
military attache In Paris. He had met
In Berlin lady of this persuasion who
taught him French, so that ne spoke
perfectly and without the slightest nc
cent When he was ordered to Paris
she accompanied him and through her
he was constantly supplied with infor-
nation concerning the French armv.
In his case, however. he was actuated
solely by patriotism and by no sordld
motive OF gain, since he came OF an
, extremely wealthy family.
The spy, of course. however highly
placed, Is never recognized by the Gov.
eminent for which he or she works
In the event of an arrest. the guilty
person IL dlSoWned by his Government
and left to his fate. 1t Is curious 10
note how an arrest of German spy
In England Is almost Immediately fol-
lowed by an arrest OF an Englishman
In Germany. To this end corps of
| alleged guides is kept at work in Ger
| many with instructions to offer infor-
| nation To tourists for price. II a
| deal is made an arrest is at once
effected.
Practically any one can secure EN-.
ploymcnt In the work OF spying. So
long as humans of kind are cheap the
unitarian Government will buy them
make what use OF them they can anc
discard them when done with.
Next to the highly placed personag,
comes the humber SPY, who gathers in
| formation when and where he can
Love Of the fatherland inspires the Tcu
ton to wondrous efforts, as we hav,
seen in the wholesale arrests of armed
spies In London during tho last montl
or so. Quiet, unpicturesque people
whom we should never suspect OF tn,
| melodramatio calling of spy, have beer
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25

New York Merchant SAYS
Causes of Present Con.
hict Had Beginnings in
Partition of Russia and
England in 1911

the same time Shuta -nd Dow'eh ana
his followers were pcrpctratiug N.
most horrible atrocities uDon the boz. ns
OF the unfortunate Nationalist who f,l.
into their power. These atrocities wee
of course known TO the Russians The
body OF one man was cut I'm half and
the halves hung in the bazaar.
AT this time the Russians had from
four to five thousand soldiers In 'e,
town. They could at once have Chccj,,d
punished or suppressed Shuia- ud. Dow.
leh They did none OF these things So
FAR as IL known they offered no re.
monstrance To- his action. nor. IL must
be added. does there appear In the
dispatches of the British Consul a,
Tabrlz. as published by the Foreign Of.
Nee. any description OF or reference 20
the atrocities committed by Shuia Nd.
Dowleh and his psrtasans. which would
either have enabled tho british Govern.
ment, In view of It's responsibility, 10
have demonstrated with Russia or
shown the British public the terrible
character Of the events which happened
at Tabtiz"
The pamphlet then quotes from All
other article by Prof. Browne a lis, OF
atrocities Shuja- I'D Dowleh and his fol.
ted. It is charged that they plucked
out the tongues Of certain patriotic
orators before hanging them. and sowed
up the mouths OF others. Horscshoes
were nailed TO the feet Of n number W
the Constitutlonalists. who were then
driven through the market place
Patriots. learned men. poets. pNiloso.
piers. orators. and tradrsmen ~ the
better sort who were suspected NJ hsv-
ing liberal lcaninGs were hanged 10 n.
bazaar as n warning to the public
One innocent man, coming 10 plead
for his nephew. was seized and executed
along with the younger man. House,
were burned with women and children
inside them. The gallows were gayly
painted in barber pole stripe Sin the
Russian colors. Russian officers hnt
their photographs taken standing b. m.
| hanging bodies The pamphle. adds
Despite all that has happened. Shut
ud-Dowleh remains in authority in
| Tabriz. The Russian Government, has
| repeatedly urged that the Persian Gov.
eminent should appoint him 10 In.
| povernorship-this even after The
atrocities OF January--hut the Persian
Government has refused. Thus IN
| February % the British Minister q
leneran telegraphed to Sir Edward
| Grey: The opposition Of tho Persian
Government to Shuia ms Governor s -
| strong as ever But 50 far from ~.
| British Government doing anything 20
remove Shu1a from Tabriz. or 10 ASS. ~
| Persia in her opposition to Rus y
pressure on this point. Sir Edward Gr.s
| telegraphed on February % to the r. g.
| ish Minister: is there any prospect n
view OF our combined action concerning
| the ex-Shah, Of obtaining the consent
| of the Persian Government to the app.
pointment Of Shuja -ud-Dowlch To- tn
| post OF Governor General. and II s..
what confidence they could place IN h.s
| loyalty 10 them The Persian Govern
ment had stood out firm for another
| governor, but Shuja -ud-Dowleh r..
mains In authority, supported by Rus.
STA and even. 1t would seem. by tho
| English Foreign Office"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25

1t after the victory. But had miscal-
culated my chances. \ poor dragoon
lay helpless. with both arms crushed,
murmuring for something to refresh
him. felt In my pockets and found
that had only gold. which would have
been useless to him. But stay had
still my treasured cigar. lighted 1t
for him, and placed It between his
teeth. You should have seen the poor
fellows grateful smile. / never enjoyed
cigar so much az that one which
never smoked"
Another habit which IS more preva =
lent in the German ranks than in other
armies is that of snuff taking. Pretty
well every private and most of the non
CONS. carry their SNUFF boxes with
them There are often occasions during
manpuvres, or route marching. or drill,
when 1t f. impossible to light up pipes
or cigars and then a surreptitious pinch
of snuff may give considerable solace.
The habit has probably become popular
in the army owing to the great Won
MoltISes addiction to II. During the
week Of Sedan he consumed over n
pound of the brown powder: and at the
i'll'IA vi inv OF the f.in-
peror he was cmptylng pinches into
his nose NJ fast as his fingers could
move.
Perhaps the most wonderfully organ
lied of all machines of attack and de-
fence in Germany is the secret service.
More nonsense has, | suppose. been
written about the spy than about any
other type of villain. We meet him in
sensational novels in the political novel.
in transporting melodrama, in drawing
room melodrama. He Is alternately a
CRAFTY ruliian in sweeping hat and long
cloak, with thin lips and beady eyes; or
he is the polished, perfectly groOmed
man or the world moving with the best
people, rubbing shoulders with Ambas-
Sadors, kissing the finger tins of
Duchesses Of irreproachable integrity.
or, again II Is IA lady; somctime the
naming haired adventures. with rnugcd
lips, addicted To creme de mcnthc. cigar
ties and perhaps drugs. and sometimes
the dame galnnte, But the real article
/, ~ rather of the penny plain than the
, twopence colored variety.
Said Gen. Radowlcn: "To give ones
country the advantages of a secret SER
Nl'N VI tSplOnHg" Is not spending
money; 1t constitutes. rather the best
investment there is" So Germany
spends annually f7S00OO in the main
tenance Of corps Of spies, ranging
from the highly placed functlonary 10
the obscure workman In the factory.
These operate in Russia France, Eng
land and the United States; and .. 4.
hey are not all Germans. The secret
service Of Potsdnm Aas all nationallties
In its pay: American, Belgian, Swis.
and wastrels from 'he submerged cor
ners of Europe
Literally, there are thousands upou
thousands of spies operating in Europe
on behalf of Potsdam. In France alone
there are 10000 Swiss at work in this
connection, and those who wish 10 realiz,
the magnitude OF this espionage machin.
cry may turn To such books as Chav
| Wolheims "Indlscrctions," Zernikis
| "Recollectlons," memoirs of Kari Sic
her. and Rurch's Notebook"
Perhaps the most useful Of all TYNE,
OF spy Is the international oourtesan
whose achievements will never b,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25

A BRITISH officer whose name H.
IA naturally anonymous has writ
/ y ten book telling what he
learned when "non-Com' in
the German army. II will published
next week by the George II. DOran Com
pany under the title NJ The German
Army From Within" In discussing the
training ~ recruits the author says;
I'm consequence Of the commercial
prosperity Of the country soldering Il
no longer the most popular profession
SO far as non-Coms are concerned, and
~ n result an inferior class has to
he drawn upon. Herein lies the explana-
lion of much # that brutality and the
prevalence OF suicide among recruits OF
which we in other countries hear 80
much perhaps too much,
In no army of course does the re-
,rult have a too pleasant time. | have
Witnessed NOR" than little callous
rPatment of recruits In the British
my and elsewhere. but this is per
maps no more than reflected form OF
he treatment mcted ont to the new
boy" AT any big school In the Ger
man army his lot is distinctly not
happy one.
Recruiting takes place in October O
each year for three years service Gin
The cavalry. One-third Of every squad
ron L. sent on reserve and recruits are
called In To- I'll the vacancies. My own
regiment. light cavalry, was recruited
rom large manufacturing district AMI
~ rule the men were small, averaging
a height of feet 4 inches, and of in
.cr.or physique, With cavalry. Of
course, physique Is not SO important
factor as with infantry, 80 that when
my little lot would turn out on parade
{ would invariably find men with had
feet or crooked legs. a more unhappy
lot Of soldiers TO be you never saw
team these as they gathered with their
little portmanteauX in the barrack
square
The first detail Of the recruits life is
The fitting of uniforms. He is then n
older The habits Of the non-coms
soon begin 10 show themselves nov,
There is no excess Of frlcndlincss any
where Tho men who are in their sec
ond and third year make no effort to
assist their new comrades or help them
70 feel that they are among good fell
Inws, and there are many cases on
record Of gross i'll treatment Of new
oncrs 10y other troopers. a survival. a q,
.'''' T''h' w SAll'NllbN UNlNlilE,
The suhatern's day is long and
ardu'us. His work begins al q O'Clock
"a the morning usually with an hours
obstruction To the recruits The private
M 'hc German army is expected to know
pretty wei, rs much as his superiors
ct military matters and tcchnlcaltirs.
l'Nfe arc a few OF the scraps of knowl-
edge that are crammcd into him:
I've must know the history of the
RUSSIAN royal family, lie must know
something OF the history OF the last
war-lS7O-7l lie must know the sta
lions Of all the army corps Of tn,
herman army. OF his own army corps
ne must know all the garrisons, dlvl-
SlonS and hrga DIES, with the names OF
the generals commanding them. lie
must learn to recognize at once tn,
distinctive badges OF rank lie must
nc dhie to take caroline TO pieces and
Pnt II together again. Io must know
al the intricate detail that go to mall,
Inc perfect scout--perfect, 7 should add
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25

sugar. Is the soldier not well? Give
him "A little sugar Is the soldier bad
tempered? Give him quite "A lot of
sugar. Sugar they said. was the stan
of life, the essential of all food and
drink So when the unfortunate re-
cruts f,lt like "A tasty portion Of sau-
sage. they gave him sugar. When he
felt like beer. a lot Of beer, they gave
him sugar
I watched the men before and after
the experiment. and can testify that,
sullen as they normally were this. the
unkindcst cut of all. aroused them to
really wonderful flights of sustained elo-
qucnCe man who can swear well in
Polish can hold his own in any par, of
the world. But it says much for their
powers Of endurance that they came
through the ordeal successfully. though
the benevolent professors scheme was
not taken up by Berlin. Crank ideas Of
this kind are always being forced on the
army: and now Il Is this division and
now that which is the victim of the ex-
pertinent.
In this connection IL is curious to note
the effect of national drinks ON the
national soldiery The FrenChman, who
drinks absinthe, reflects the nature of
that spirit in his military elan. He Is
volatile furious. splendid in the at
tack: uncertain in defence. The Ger
man, who confines himself to beer or
schuapps. Is more tightly knit, even
phlpgmatic. ! was much amused to
observe how the recruits, during their
years of service and drill, retained their
waists; and how. on being drafted Ia
the reserve and returning to sedentary
work in Offices at the same time con-
tinung their beer drinking. their
waists gradually disappeared on re-
turning to reserve, after n year OF no
exercise and much beer their struggles
to get into their uniforms sometime.
lasted for half an hour
In addition To his love for his native
lager the German soldier has fond
ness almost as great as that Of Tommy
Atkins for tobacco. Ii is said by some
that the defeat of the French in 1870
was due chiefly to the fact that the
French soldiers had no tobacco whereas
on the German side, every prcCnution
had been taken by the clear minded Won
Moltkc for continuous supplies 10 his
troops and the soldiers actually fought
with pipes in mouth. In the charge
before SaarbruCken the Hussars dashed
into the historic encounter with cigars
in their mouths and through the hal
of bullets they went, calmly sucking al
the weed and hacking their way
through the French infantry. The
Uhlan, as a rule, prefers pipe, not q
hrar pipe such as We use, but n large
| German pipe capable Of holding an
ounce of tobacco at ore fll,
Cigars cigars-are also q
great favorite OF the men. Cigarette
are not 40 popular in the ranks. A
| pleasant story in connection with tn,
cigar IL told of Bismarck, who was al
| most a slave to the habit, md on,
| hopes It IL true. II may be added thai
| he tells II himself:
| at Koniggratz I had but one cigaI
remaining in my pocket which | cher
ishcd carefully during the whole OF tn,
hattie az a miser guards his treasure
| did not feel justified in using It.
painted In glowing colors in my minI
the happy hour when ! should EMO,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25
John G. Uhrlaub Declares
Car Knew War Was
Coming and Shifted
Troops to W estern
Frontier last January

T Ohm e. tHRLAt-B OF New York, a
rug dealer who travelled extcn-
sivciy in Persia and Russia In
- December. 1913. and January of
The present year. Is convinced that the
causes of the conflict now raging had
their beginnings IN the partition OF
Persia by Russia and England in 1911.
as early as last December. Mr.. Uhrlaub
alleges. Russia had made partial prep
nration for tostilitles by commencing
to mobilize her troops
In support Of his theory MIR rhrlaub
has in his possession copy of a
pamphlet printed in England which at
tacks the Foreign ONCE for lis dealings
in connection vita the Anglo Russian
pnct in Persia This pamphlet accord
Ing 10 Mr. Uhrlhub. has been sup
pressed ny the British Government AMI
copies cannot now he obtained In the
open market It's title page bears as
author the name Of Prof. Edward O.
Browne of Cambridge University. EN-
tracts from this document are quoted
below.
when Mr.. Uhrlaub started to visl;
his agents and their caravans in Persia
and Turkestan last year hc iourneyed
railway to point near ihe Nolgn River
and thence by automobile wn to tic
Caucasus. through the Georgian Pass
and on to Persia. It was on the Trans
siberian that he saw the great move
-icnt ~ Russian troops to the west last
December.
Il saw train after train carrying tho
Russians westward no said to a rep
- Sc 81
There were thousands upon thousands
II them and they moved only AT might.
In the daytime the trains were switched
IN on sidings and carefully concealed
but it could not he kept secret that the
Cars army was on the move. saw
troops and more troops, men and horses
and artillery, all rolling ono way
toward Inc west
81 inquired Of many persons what
this great transportation Of infantry.
cavalry and artillery meant and was
'old that the armies were being brought
from their posts In Turkcstln and from
as far east IS lrkutsk. 20 Ice ready.
This Is the explanation why tho Sihe-
Ran Guard. which Is stationed at Ir-
Nutsk. was upon the battle line SO soon.
! learned. too. that many 81 the men
have heon dismissed from the colors the
year before hut had been kept under
arms being drilled and trained for sew
vice in the field.
THE trains went nv necessarily n
was Impossible that all this should bc
for the mannuvres. for IL was the he
ginning of the Russian winter and no
manpuvres can he held then. Already
he cold is coming down upon the hat
tie lines now, and the cold will claim
many. It is fearful And the wolves
from the forests will eat the wounded.
md will come into the villages even II
tho men arc away. Not for manpuvres
was that passing of trains. II was like
AN empire moving westward, that shift
.Gg OF troops.
And that explains why Russia was
ready with her mobilization in so short
a time that II amazed the military eN-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-10-25
TAGGART ON THE STUMP

l>rl'N rolIs. Ind, Oc. - y" '
first time in his long career rs head ~ .N"
Democratic machine in Indiana Natou+,
Committeeman Thomas TagGayt Is fn Poi.
featured as a spcl,hInder
TIL" Democratic state organization
short on speakers, because Congress '''
not adjourned, 40 Tnggart volunteered ms
services.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1914-10-08

In another column we reprint let
ter, published in the Sunday daily
newspapers, from Hon. Wade Stack
house, advocating a law prohibiting
the planting of any cotton next year.
Mr.. Stackhouse argues that if it is
constitutional to restrict the acreage
by statute, il is constitutional to pro-
hibit it altogether. We are not sure
about the wisdom of any legislation
governing what the farmers shall or
shall not plant, but We are quite
sure of the wisdom of planting little
or no cotton next year. Fact is,
where farmers plant no cotton they
are more prosperous as class than
here in the South with our big
smoney crop" The farmers can live
most comfortably and plant not a
hill of cotton. If this year the far
raers had first planted every food
crop that could be grown, in sufficient
quantities to furnish the family, the
war would have had no terrors for
them. The main argument against
the mo cotton" plan seems to be,
where to get spending money, rent
and fertilizer money, etc.. from. But
in refutation to this argument it may
we'll be said that in the great West
and North no cotton is grown, and
there is plenty of money. In fact,
the West has been vastly enriched
on account of the war, raising the
prices on food stuffs, their banner
crops.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1914-10-08
Deadly Inventors.

Though the rifles that Bear his
name have mown down thousands
and are now killing their hundreds
in Mexico, DR.. Paul Won Mauser, the
inventor, dies peacefully in his bed
at the age of 76. DR.. Richard Cat
ling, father of the Gatling gun was
an amiable physician, loving nothing
else 80 we'll as his family circle and
quiet home. When DR.. Guillotine
proposed, as a substitute for hang
ing, swift and painless" exc" utior
by machine, he never dreamed that
his name would be forever associat-
ed with the bloodiest period in
French history. The donor of the
peace prize, who left millions for
the furtherance of international
brotherhood and the reduction of
standing armies was Alfred Nobel,
who invented dynamite and pow
ders that belched from countless
cannon.-B Sun.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1914-10-08
What Can Be Done With Small Patch

''Talk about thrift says the Lex
ington, KY, Leader, what do you
think of this?" A. S. Drake, of 44O
South Second street, Louisville,
writes to the Leader as follows: My
back yard is 25 by 20 feet. This
year l raised fourteen bushels OF
peaches on four trees, a bushel OF
pears on one young tree, fully a
bushel of grapes and about five gal
> Ions o. cherries. The fruit was large
and without defect, as | sprayed my
trees three times, thereby doing
away with the insects. | raised four
crops of radishes and plenty Of string
beans had fifteen tomato vines
(three California;, which grew to
be twenty feet high, and produced
very abundantly, from which we
picked tomatoes that weighed two
and one-half pounds. The other
twelve vines are Kaiser Imperial,
Whlcn grew ABOUT eiSHI ieeI AiSn'
and from all the vines We have
enough tomatoes for ourselves and
to supply our neighboring families.
sold seven bushels of the peaches
at 81 per bushel.'
1t is surprising what can be &C
complished, for table use, even
though the back yard may be only
a 10 by 10. Thrifty housewives get
therefrom many help for the ra-
ble''-securing not only the comfort
and advantage of the supply, but
saving to the family purse nickels
and dimes which count quickly into
dollars and tens of dollars.
There are hundreds of these little
backyard gardens in Augusta.
There are hundreds of other little
"backyards" in Augusta now idle
which could, at a few cents expense
and a small amount of work, be
turned into prosperous and product
i've gardens. s.-Augusta Chronicle.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1914-10-08
Chr Bamhrrg Hsralh
ESTABLISHED APRIL, 1891.
Published every Thursday in tn'

Published every Thursday IN the
herald building, on Main street III
the live and growing City OF Bam-
berg. being issued from a pruning
Office which is equipped with Mer-
genthaler linotype machine, Babcock
cylinder press, folder, one jobber, a
fine Miehle cylinder press, all run by
electric power with other material
and machinery in keeping, the Whole
equipment representing an invest
ment of $4,000 and upwards.
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six months, Is cents; three months
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strictly in advance.
Adyertisements-S1.00 per lnch
tor first insertion, subsequ ent lnseT-
tions so cents per inch. Legal ao-
vertisements at the rates allowed oy
law. Local reading notices l0 Genus
line each insertion. wants anu
other advertisements under sPeclai
head | cent a word each insertion.
Liberal contracts made for three, SIX
and twelve months. Write for rates.
Obituaries, tributes of respect, reso-
lutions, cards of thanks, and all no
tices of a personal or polllca! cnar-
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Communications are always
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No article which is defamatory or
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