El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-10-17

! Ti-sef,ra-i+ Wilson has a salary OF 5000 q
I year and an allowance or t-'-9yy tor lItIel'
{ ing expenses Besides. he has his house rent
| free and lots OF perquisites- Don Ramon
D Fgar-1s mas a salary OF less than $1,000. and
in the neighborhood OF s'ooy IoE sApe, -.
I His total official Income IS Just ABOUT
I $4,000. and Notwithstanding this he Wives
in good style and las a Limousine
Mexico Gets Chilean Palace rams
The rnonada or Chilean white house, Il
e much larger than our executive Hanslo n
It covers almost four acres ana consists OF a
three story building running around patios
4 or courts filled with flowers and IN which
fountains play. The building y laIse TOT a
, country the size OF chile, anu as tne story
! goes Il was made so through a mistake
IL was built I'm the Old Spanish Jlrnes1 the
plans being made in Madrid ana sent 10
Santiago. The Spanish architect had been
told IN the kfnc TO construct two sets OF
drawings. one for a large building IN -aeXlco
City then also a part OF tne Sp-illsl 90
minion. and smaller nulldlnB 4gE Nhl-e-
lie followed his directions. but in forward
ing the plans Santiago got the Mexican
drawings and Mexico got those LOT Santla 90
The result was this enormous HioI-lar wlA-cA
is today the largest presidential residence
on this hemisphere.
Returning 10 the government OF Chile. the
country fs one Of the best managed Of an
South America Its people are noted for
their patriotism They are Ior Cnlie Ilrst,
last and all the time. and although they
will fIEht each other during the presidential
campaigns. they are peaceful enough once
the president is elected me country IS
not one OF revolutions Il mas nal only u
presidents since 1880. and one OF these was
elected but did not act Since the begin
T ming OF the republic IN 1910 there have been
Is presidents and the only revolutionary
. period was between 1928 and 1880 when
. there were 10 different executives
Served Ten Years
During the first years OF the republic sew
eral OF the presidents had terms OF 10
3 years. and it was not until lell that the
4 five year period without reelection, which
] now prevails. began The president has the
! right Of veto. but congress can Dy q two
! thirds vote. override his objections. and
ma La F#n a
/ measure fails fl is the custom OF the cabi-
net TO resign. and there have been times
! when Chile has had a new cabinet on the
average about once amonth
The congress OF Chile differs from ours
as TO its elections, its times Of meeting. and
IN several other features Inc menners or
both senate and house are elected by the
males Of the country, but no one can vote
without he can read and write There IS a
difference IN the voting age as 70 whether
a man is married or single. The bachelor
has 10 wait until he Is %, but the married
man can vote at the age Of p. Members
Of the house OF deputies must be at least
q at the time OF their election, and seua-
tors must be SO or more
All candidates for congress must have a
specified income. and member Of the lower
house cannot serve without he has at least
$500 per year Every senator must have az
least $1,000 a year, and members Of both !
houses must serve without salaries There
IS supposed 10 be no financial profit in the :
alone AS 20 graft have no doubt but ]
that more or less exists 7 have yet 10 find I
q legislative hDCW earth where each and !
all o. the members are saints
Government an OHgarchy.
The provisions for educational qualifica-
lions for suffrage and the requirement Of a /
specified income makes the government OF /
Chile an oIiEarchy- II practically confines I
the administration to the richer classes, !
and the Ereat families control the coun- /
try This is so not only In Chlle. but IN I
all Of the Latin American republics II !
has always been so IN Mexico. and the sup
position that the McXicans can have free
and fair elections under the present condi- 1
lions IS absurd TO any one who knows I
Latin America-
always been in the hands Of the few. and Il
is only by education and gradual uplift
that the masses can be fitted 10 take part
IN the leel7iature and the government
The Chilean congress meets In the win
ter its sessions running from June 1 TO
September l. This country is south OF the
when we have our summer In addition TO 7
this regular meeting. the president can cali
-lrlnE me recess permanent COMMITTEES
o. members OF both houses preslGes over
certain public business
The houses o. congress are situated in the ]
heart % the city The capitol building IS
Of two stories Its material is white stone,
and the po-ticos. which form the entrance I
10 the chamber OF deputies and the senate. (
are each upheld by six Corinthian columns. /
The h415rTInr Is sI,--or,Dfa5 nv raarT-4fr,l I
garden filled with seui-tropical trees.
Palms and Flowers Abound.
There are palms as big around as a hogs |
lea.s Mllnu are reTe-LleleSs not more than ]
30 feet high There are also beds Of beau |
tiful flowers. At one corner Of the grounds l
is a fountain. and at the other a statue |
standing on the site OF the Jesuit church. I
which was burned while the CONGREGATION I
was 1r worship. resulting in the death Of |
more than 1000 women The doors Of the
occurred the audience pressed against the I
doors. holding them shut. and causing this
enormous loss o. lie The monument IS a
beautiful marble Madonna in the altitude
OF mourning with four kneeIing angels at
her feet
The government OF Chile has three
president and his cabinet: legislative. com
prlsinE the two houses OF congress, and
judicial embracing the courts. The coun-
try il divided into provinces. which cores
pond 20 our states and departments. that
may be compared TO our counties. The pres
icent appoints the governors OF the prov {
inceS and the chief Officers OF the counties
They In turn appoint the officials under
them. so that the president practically con-
trolls the civil service Of the country He /
also controls the courts. appointing the I
Judges and their suhordinates. with the
approval OF the council Of state.
Courts Much Like Ours.
The courts are Ike ours IN some respects ]
and different in others There IS supreme
court NJ the capital which supervises all the /
other courts OF the republic. There are
six courts ~ appeal one in each OF the !
principal cities. and there are minor courts
scattered over the country There IS no /
jury system except In the cases where the |
freedom Of the press has been abused All
government being represented BY public I
prosecutor The police are under the con !
troll OF the minister % the interior and
seem to be very well managed Police
expenses are paid out OF the national treas
1ry
Proud Of the Army.
The Chileans are proud OF their army Z
They ---al a1'ficr- and it IS said
they would rather fight than eat Accord 3
Ing 20 the laws. every able bodied citizen :
Is obliged TO serve On the army. and re-
-ruits are called up IN their goth wear and
trained for one year They afterwarf serve +
lG and on for nine years IN the reserve I
The country is divided into zones OF milf
larry districts. each OF which forms a com
nlete division OF mobilization The total
strength Of the army is 1900 officers and
g. 900 men.
The country has good military schools and
Its officers are all trained by Germans
The army is said 20 be about the most eff
sieut in South America
As TO financial matters the government /
II Chile is more che1ply run than that OF
he United States The Chilean government
.osts about $50 900. 600 a year ours costs : e
lbout $4,000 600 a day. and IN this Is rot 4
Included our postal account or the loans {
and payments on the public debt The ?
government Of Chile controls the most of
he railways, and IL has a net loss ~ some p
~