The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-23
WRITER SUMS UP
SITUATION IN EAST
CAUSED BY JAPAN
y. F. Morris Tells OF the Events Leading Up to
Mlkado's Utimatum to Kaiser demand
Becomes Declaration of War To-day il
Germany Does Not Yield

sula. Wheroupon Germany. Russl. and
/ France. by "A display Of force and a
percmptory note, induced the Mikadn :,
retroCede the territory. Equally often.
sive to the japanese was the sn-Called
murder convention" Of 1895. The
/ Kalser's exacti0n of reparation for Ger.
man missionaries slain, the "man,fes.
| tation of the policy Of the mailed list"
| the requirement of kiao-Chpw Raw
/ virtually by using force. increased and
! FASTENED the Boxer troubles in China
Japan protested; Germany insisted that
she must have PREPARATION and coal.
! ing station Russia intrigued, other
I Powers announced a disapproval of Ter.
man methods; japanese opposition was
Intellectual. The result was that Russia,
as the price of her friendship for china,
| secured lease Of the Port Arthur
peninsula. and England. claiming CON.
pensation, took leased territory at Wei.
hai-wei
Years later although strongly fort!.
fled and stubbornly defended. Port Ar
| thur fell into the hands Of the japanese.
| Great Britain, caring little apparently
! for Wei-hai-wei. simply holds the place
! ON the Chinese coast Hongkong II the
only British naval base. But each year
| that passed appreciably added 10 the
utility and preparedness Of Tsing-tdu.
the German port and fortress on kiao-
chow Bay.
| kiao-Chow Bay is a Clamshell shaped
/ indcntation on the south coast of shan
| tung. From Cape Ya-tou southwark
! the high, black cliffs Of the coast line
| become more Jagged and irregular.
| gap occurs I'm the hills. From The
/ yellow Sea the tide Crecps thruuEh
! tortuous passage into "A landloCkcd bay
| extending inward about nifty miles
When the Germans first acquired klao.
/ chow ii was said that they secured
! 200 square miles of mud surrounding
an equal area of silt laden water 40
/ shallow to use"
! Established at kiau-chow the Ger
/ mans laborcd hard to develop tn har-
/ Dor. They dredged and drcdgei and
( drcdGed. They cleaned out the chan
mel 50 that the largest shiis aholt
/ could come into port at Tsing-tau. They
I eXCavated at an expense exceeding g..
| 600 900 an outer and an inner harbur.
4 They erected great granite pier, 50
| arranged that ships alongside could
receive cargo direct from railw ~
/ trains. The docks and railway torm-
nails at Tsing-tau are models of cul-
vonicnCc. Millions were spent to Iro-
vide special facilities for ocean COM
mcrcc. Some six miles back from me
sea "A typical German city was bu.lt.
The scale on which things were done
may be shown by the fact that tho
casino at Tsing-tau cost more than
Sl,50O.000. Included in the improve
ments undertaken is the extensive NJ
= f.,p - . Ia. 4, Ia. L.
hills.
] From an official point of view at k.Iu-
chow commerce is secondary run-
sideration. First and foremost the IL
tention is that Tsing-tau shall be the
Kaisers stronghold in the Far East
From the beginning the Germans have
been terrifying and building more for
titications. Utilizing every natural tl-
vantage. the kaser's engineers have
done their utmost to provide defcn,es
for Kiao- chow No outsider knows how
many big guns have been placed On
the heights commanding the entrance
to the bay. 1t is notable though that
twelve forts have been erected for the
protection of Tsing-tau. The barracks
built in 1905 provide quarters for 5000
men. The steel floating dock is capable
/ of accommodating the largest dread
nought In addition to the regular gar
rlsOn of artillcrymen and marines s'nl'
years ago the authorities at kiao-chuw
maintained two regiments of Chin 80
! infantry recruited from the native
population of the leased territory. OH
Ccrcd and trained by Germans, these
Chinese made fairly good soldiers The
native reserves of the colony now num-
Der about 1900.
Exclusive of Chinese and not counting
the crews of the warships in kiao-chow
Bay, the Tsing-tau garrison, strength
encd by the German and the Austrian
Legation guards withdrawn from rekIn
Is about 5000 men. To this force nav
he added 900 reservists, for every able
bodied German civilian in the colony
will he called upon to perform military
duty.
In Kiao-chow the German naval force
consists of two armored cruisers, four
light cruisers. seven gunboats and Two
dcstroyers. In the harbor at Using tau
also are three Austrian warships, an
armored cruiser, "A light cruiser and
gunboat. Because of the conhgurltinn
of the coast and the frequency Of fog'
blockading Kiao-chow Is likely to ne a
perilous, unsatisfactory undertaklrh.
Because Of possible complications win
China. and for other reasons, il may he
believed Great Britain would prefer to
have three Powers, herself, Japan and
Russia cooperate in the siege OF Ts!ns'
tau rather than leave the attack TO
Japan alone.
Unaided Japan doubtless considers
herself capable OF capturing Kiao. cho"
Into the attack she could put al the
ships and troops needed Japane-e
courage and military skill may not re
galnsaid.
Japan's promise that she VIII event
ually resto~ Kioa-chow - china may
be understood or it may he misintcr'
preted China seems to he dislnoincd -
wait eighty-fve years or more 20 re-
celve what Japan proposes to give l"r
Chinese troops arc reported =" 10
marching toward kiao-chow. Tho' troy
are going To cooperate with the Jrii-
nese may he doubted.
! Possibly the Kaiser and the President
of China have come To an asreemeN'
To thwart Japan again 10 retain 60.
German companies the railroad, ana
coal fields of Shantung, Germany m''
cancel the lease To the territory ana Joy