davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
TWELVE THOUSAND TROOPS TO
MARCH ON CAPITAL IF THE
BLOCKADE FAILS TO
MOVE HUERTA.
HOUSE BACKS WILSON
SENATE HOLDS UP RESOLUTION;
ARMY AND NAVY MOVE.
MsNTs PERFECTED At
WAR COUNCIL.
Western Newspaper Union News Service,

Western Newspaper Union News Service
Washington, April 21.-Full con
gressional approval of President VIII
sons program for using armed force
in Mexico to put an end to insults TO
the American flag and the govern
ment was not decided when the Sen
ate at l2:2s o'clock this morning re-
eessed until noon today.
Plans for blockading the seaports Of
Mexico, seizing customs houses, war
ships, railroads and landing armed
forces were brought to a point of such
perfection that the American oecupa.
tion Us practically certain to be in ef-
feet within As hours or less.
Following President Wilson's deliv-
cry OF his special message to joint
session OF Congress in the afternoon,
the House after spirited debate adopt
ed the following resolution by vote
OF 3S7 to 81:
"A joint resolution iustifying the
employment of the armed forces OF
the United States in enforcing certain
demands against Victoriano Huerta;
Resolved. BY the Senate and House
OF. Representatives. in Congress as
sembled. That the President OF the
United States is justified in the EN-.
ployment OF the armed forces OF the
United States TO enforce the demands
upon Victoriano Huerta for unequivo-
cal amends to the Government of the
United States for affronts and indigni.
ties committed against this Govern.
ment by General Huerta and his rep
resentatiyes "
Opposition TO the resolution was led
by Congressman James Mann of Illi
nois, Republican leader, in the House,
backed by few Republicans and
Democrats.
The resolution after the joint ses-
sion was referred to the committee on
foreign affairs in the House and the
foreign relations committee in the
Senate.
Pending the House vote the Senate
recessed until 8 o'clock last night.
After conyening 1t Immediately re-
cessed again until 1910 o'clock, and
the resolution was the subject of con.
ference in the foreign relations com.
mittee and of, Cabinet members.
Opposition developed to that part Of
the Presidents message and the res.
olntion indiyidualizing Huerta as the
object of the American reprisal. It
was contended that the resolution
should be broadened to include the en-
tire Huerta government or the entire
country of Mexico. At midnight Act.
ing Chairman Shively of the Senate
foreign relations committee rushed
from conference with Secretary Tu-
multy. Vice President Marshall, Sec
retary Garrison and Postmaster Cen
eral Burleson to the foreign relations
committee room. Il think there's a
chance to iron the difficulty out" he
said.
The resolution as agreed upon by
the foreign relations committee read:
In view of the facts presented BY
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
Southwestern Troops Ready.

Douglas, Ariz., April 21.-The Ninth
and Tenth (negro) cavalry on the Ari.
zona and New Mexican border are
ready for field duty at moments no.
tice. Instructions received from the
War Department have resulted in the
placing Of railroad equipment on sid
ings at Douglas and Naco prepared to
transport the United States troops
from Douglas to Nacozari, seyenty-five
miles south, and to Cananea, thirty
miles south of the border. where 1t is
believed the first trouble will take
place.
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
Congress win Back President"

New York, April 2l.-While waiting
for his train to return to Washington,
Speaker Clark. who delivered a
church address here. was informed of
The latest turn in the Mexican situa.
ton. lie expressed hope that peace
full solution OF the question could be
found. But" he declared with EN-.
phasis, Congress will back up the
President. There will be no division
between the President and Congress-
on that question. And the whole
country will stand behind the Pres.
ident.'
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
Former President pIaz is Mum.

Paris, April 21.-Porfirio Diaz
former president of Mexico, in reply
to request for his opinion, tele.
graphed the following from Monte
Carlo; i regret that under the present
circumstances my political opinions
must be reserved for myself alone J"
piaz has taken a $5,0OO-a-year apart.
ment In the fashionable Avenue pois
de Bologne. although he has not been
able to get possession Of 1t as yet, be.
cause the contractors have not been
on time in Its preparation.
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
rs KILLED IN $
LUDLOW BATTLE
ARMED MINERS REPORTED RUsA
ING IN TO ExfERMikATE !
THE oUARosMEN. |
TENT COLONY BURNED
FIGHTING RACES IA HOURS AND
HILLS ARE SWEPT BY
MACHINE GUNS.
Western Newspaper Union News Service.

Western Newspaper Union News Service.
Denver, April 24.-Thirteen dead,
scores injured, the Ludlow strikers
tent colony burned and hundreds OF
women and children homeless, was
The result up to midnight OF one OF the
bloodiest battles in labor warfare ever
waged In the West.
Four hundred striking miners were
intrenched in the hills back Of Ludlow
This morning awaiting daylight to
wipe out III members Of the State Ma
tional Guard with whom they fought
for fourteen hours yesterday.
The known dead are: Private A.
Martin of Company A, Denver; Louis
Tikas, leader OF Greek strikers at Lud-
low, formerly of Denver.
Injured: Private Lewis Purcell,
Colorado Springs.
+ Eleven unknown strikers are de,e
clared to have been killed. and one
non-combatant. The injured among
the strikers are said to number TWEEN.
ty. Fifteen hundred armed strikers
from the southern camps were report.
ed to be rushing toward Ludlow at an
early hour this morning.
For three hours late last night
strike leaders say the militia swept
the hills where the union men were
intrenched, with six machine guns.
Throughout the day blasting fire
swept Ludlow. Bullets rained on the
railroad station. Shortly after six
O'Clock last night flames swept
through the tent colony and women
and children ran screaming to the
station, where they crouched on the
floor.
Two women and child, union men
say, were killed In the dash from the
tent colony by the soldiers bullets.
This has not been confirmed.
From Trinidad and Walsenburg and
Lamar all the available troops are be-
ing rushed to Ludlow. Renewed fight.
ing SURPRISING that OF yesterday is ex-
pected. Residents Of all the nearby
towns and camps are panic-stricken.
Efforts of sheriffs and deputies to
get to the scene were unavailing. No
one would venture near Ludlow by
automobile or any other conveyance.
At Trinidad, fifteen miles away, citi-
zens -barricaded themselves in their
homes. The streets were deserted.
According to reports, the battle be-
gan yesterday morning at 7:30. Firing
above Cedar Hill attracted the sol.
diers and Lieutenant Linderffelt OF
Cripple Creek with detachment of
sixteen of the men stationed at Lud-
low was sent out to investigate.
He was cut off by the blaze of the
strikers. and with his men took I'D a
position on Water Tank hill and be.
gan returning the fire.
Throughout the day the fighting
ragged over an area Of three sauara
miles, distt:iet bounded on the west ,
by Berwind and Hastings, Barnes sta.
ton on the east, the Ludlow colony
on the north, and Raneyville on the
south,
Fifty members of the newly organ.
lied Troop A were called out and sent
aboard a special. Trainmen, when
they heard of the battle, refused to
pull the train. An hours delay fol.
lowed
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23
California Wires for Border Guards.

California Wires for Border Guards.
Los Angeles. Calf, April 20.-Re-
ceivsr W. II. Holabird of the Califor'
niaDeyelopment Company telegraphed
a demand for the Immediate placing
of troops at Calexico to Major General
Arthur MURRAY. Adjutant General Z.
A. Forbes of the California National
te,iasd .sand to Governor Hiram W.
Johnson last night. He said troops
we're necessary for protection Of the
company's water system. supplying
90 900 people In the Imperial valley.
The Raymer enterprise., 1914-04-23

Russian Ritual Murder Priest Honored
st. Petersburg.-Father Pranaites
who gave evidence in support of the
allegation Of ritual murder in the Beil.
iss trial, was decorated with the Order
Of st. Stanislaus, second class.
Evening star., 1914-08-09

equivalent of the English manor" was
in France "seigneurie" or "baronie,
The English manor geographically COM
prised cluster of houses OF certain in
habitants surrounded by their fields. be-
yond which were the wood and the
waste" of the manor The chief of this
settlement was the lord of the manor
and his house was the manor house." the
"half' or the court" There was land
attached directly to this chief house and
the lord of the manor had his demesne
In the other lands this demesne land be-
ing granted to free tenants for various
forms of rent or for military or personal
services. Under the Jurisdiction of the
lord of the manor were free tenants, viii
leins. natives, bondsmen, terre-tenants
and tenants paravail The lord. charged
with matters of administration, had his
steward beadle. messor or reaper, pro-
vost or reeve" Of the villeins. shepherd.
sWineherd. beekeeper, cowherd. plow-
istered in "manor-court," or court-leet,
court-baron or court-customary. There
Is an extensive literature on the subject
of manors.
The question now is: What was a
manor in Maryland?
Light on this is to be seen in IAN ae-
count OF, the colony Of the Lord Baron of
Baltimore, 1633,' which is AN account
Of the colony of the Lord Baron Of Bal
timore. in Maryland. near Virginia; in
WHICH, INC CIlArsACb0T, QudLty ana STATE
Of the country, and its numerous ad-
vantages and sources Of wealth are set
forth In THE Early Narratives of
Maryland it is said of this account Of
Lord Baltimore's colony in Maryland
that 1t Is translation from the Latin
original Transcribed about the year 1892
by the late Father William Mc6herry.
8. J., from the archives of the Society Of
Jesus in Rome" The Latin text Of Father
McSherry's copy, together with an Eng
lish translation, was published by the
Maryland Historical Society in 1874 In
1898 this text was compared with the
record in the Jesuit archives by Father
Thomas Hughes. 8. J.. and several minor
corrections noted.
The editor Of THE Narratives. of Early
Maryland" says that the original docu-
ment prepared as the text indicates.
some months before the departure Of the
first colonist Of Maryland. and in antici-
patton of that event, was written by
Father Andrew White, 8. J.. and doubt
less transmitted either by him directly
or through the provincial in England to
the general Of the society at Rome. the
Very Rev. Father Mucio vitelleschi. for
the better Information Of the latter as
to the nature Of the new field In which
the writer. Father White. was to be en-
gagged. :
The general editor Of Original Nara
Evening star., 1914-08-09

such manner, q quit rent OF 20 shillings
Ito be paid in the commodities Of the
countrey and such other services as shall
be generally agreed upon for puhhck uses
and the common good
times modified. later comers not receiv-
ing such broad inducements as we're ex-
tended to the earlier adventurers.
Here was the beginning Of the manor In
Maryland. a thousand acres and manorial
right to a man who brought over Ave
properly equipped immigrants.
AZ to the right Of the Lord Baltimore
to grant this privilege, you may read In
the charter Of Maryland granted by
England, Scotland, France and Ireland.
Defender Of the Faith ETC." to Our right
Trusty and Wellbeloved Subject Cecillius
Calvert Baron of Baltemore In our King
George Calvert, knight. late Baron OF
Baltimore in the same Kingdome of Ire
land, and Witness Our eelfe. at Westmin-
ster, the Twentieth day Of June in the
Eighth ysere Of Our Reigne." that ID June
20, 1892. In the charter 1t is provided
.sThat the way to honors and dignities
may not SCENE to be altogether pre-
c.uded and shut up. to men well borne.
and such as shall prepare themselves
unto his present Plantation, and shall
Kingdomes both in peace and war, in SO
farrs distant and remote a Countrey:
Therefore Wee, for Us, Our Heires and
Successors. doe give free and absolute
power, unto the said now Lord Balte-
more, his heires and assignes. to conferre
favors, rewards and honors.. upon such
inhabitants within the Province afore-
said, an shall deserve the same: and to
invest them with what titles and dig
mites soever as he shall thinke ft $50
e they be not such as are now used in
England"
In that last parenthetic clause one may
find the reason why, although "mancrs"
were created In Maryland. the title "lord
OF the manor was not legally conferred,
though some grantees of manors were by
courtesy styled 'lords Of Majors"
The question of Maryland manors was
recently touched on by Walter Worthing-
ton Bowie Of Washington at "a meeting
in Baltimore of the Southern Maryland
Society. He said that under the be-
nignant rule of the proprietor the com
munity rapidly grew in wealth as its
numbers were augmented by fresh ar
rivals, principally from England, Scotland
and north Ireland. New settlements ex-
tended along the water courses, and.
designated as 'hundreds.' selected rep
resentatives to the general assembly at
st. Mary's City. which first convened in
1885. Among the Immigrants constantly
arriving were sons Of influential fami-
Evening star., 1914-08-09
OLD BARN ON wAGGAMAN PLACE.

tives of Early American History" J.
Franklin Jameson, director of the de-
partment of historical research in the
Carnegie Institution OF Washington. says
in his introduction to the Account OF
the Colony Of the Lord Baron Of Balti-
more" that:
The sources from which the facts were derived
are stated in the document itself George. the
st propreta of was in fac
Eyewitness as he had explored the country
ugsn the occasion Of his visit to Virginia in
dition of his projected colony at Avalon, in New
foundland; and the account Of Capt John Smith
Description Of Virginia. published in 1912. The
writer Of this document was evidently familiar
ius Lord Baltimore as Inducements to persons to
embark in the adventure, from which he freely
quotes.
Now, that part Of the Account of the
Colonoy of the Lord Baron Baltimore ="
lows:
Wherefore the Most Noble Baron intends, BY
the aid Of God, to sail for those parts. about the
middle OF next September; and to those whom he
shall find to accompany and assist him in 50
glorious an undertaking he offers many induce
OF Which this Is the hrst and most Important
Ito say nothing Of those rewards Of station and
81 worts vslor .n fortituae and noble deeds that
over i've men (Which Will be enough for arms
whether they shall think best to Join US them
selves. or intrust the men and money to those
who shall have charge Of this matter, or to any
one else to take care of them and receive their
share Of the lands: to all the men so sent. and
TO their heirs forever shall be allotted the right
to two thousand acres Of good land.
Turn to the conditions of plantation or
the Conditions Propounded by the Lord
Baltimore to such as shall goe or ad-
venture into Maryland" and you viii read
that What persons soever. subject to
our sovereigne Lord, the King of Eng
land, shall be at the charge to transport
into the Province Of Maryland. htmselfe
or his deputy. with any number of able
men, 'betweene the ages Of sixteen and
nifty, each man being provided In all
things necessary for a Plantatfo (Which,
together with their transportation, will
amount to about e20 a man. as by an
aestimate hereafter following may ap-
peare) there shalbe assigned unto every
such adventurer, for every five men
which he shall SO transport thither.
proportion Of good land within the said
Province. containing in quantity LOGO
acres of English measure. which shall be
erected into a mannor, and be conveyed
to him, his heires and assigns for ever,
with all such royalties and privileges rs
are usually belonging to mannors in Eng
land; rendering and paying yerely unto
his Lordship, and his heires for every
Evening star., 1914-08-09

and buckwheat to that mill to be
ground into meal and -four.
+
After the death of William Nelson the
upper mill continued to run under either
the ownership or the control of Thomas
Jenkins. who lived over at Lewinsville-
II closed down and fell into decay about
the time of the passing of most of the
other water mills around Washington.
and when he last saw it it was ruin
as complete as was the first mill when
he was a child.
Hyson recalled that William Nelson.
the miller. had three sons, Henry. Jim
and Billy Billy went away-Hyson be-
miller, Nelson. died. and never came
back. There were Miller Nelson's daugh-
ters. Mary, who married man named
Rash Reed: Kittie, who married man
named Sewell, and another daughter.
whose name Hyson could not recall. who
became a Mrs. Kirby. The second mill
stood near Miners hill and Miller Jen-
kins was running II up to the civil war
and perhaps ssiittle later. =. !. !
It was easy. to figure out from all this
that the mM Of which the Rambler was
mills. that whtch stood at the bottom OF
SHADES hill. ~; - ~ sS
The Rambler climbed out of the Pin-
met run valley and came into the Lees
burg pike at the site Of Fort Marcy and
a few steps to the west brought him 'op-
posite the waRgaman home, now about
half the sise 1t was before the war ana
while the Waggaman family lived there.
BY the side of the road Id. q stone lpring
house. reminiscent Of another Hges ead N
the field OF tho road q pfeturesohe barn
and stable. A bright boy in his early
teens was there and the Rambler made
his acquaintance. He kney that an old
mill had been down on the creek ON the
road from Faulkner's blacksmith shop
because they had dug out the foundation
sfpneS about q year or 1wP ag9 :, y
The boys father cauaa down to vel
e45eshe-Httrnger ara sfIqn e ne
Hambfef learned that thil hist6ric piece
Of property tafter the Waggamans sold
It came to be owned by man named
Mccarthy Then 1t was bought by Sam
uel 8. Gandell Of Philadelphia, The pres
ent owner and occupant, John 3, Solo
mon, who came fronaa aMnfristown, Pa.
sor the country adjafeFt tdsthat city,
sipoved into this old h6uaes fourteen years
ego. Yes, he had heard about q mill at
tho foot Of tho hill on the road that runs
~evnr from Fauikner'a Blacksmith shop on
tho Leesburg road to D new place called
8
Evening star., 1914-08-09

date back no further than early re-
publican times or that stand as land
marks OF the age of slavery are also
often spoken of. and, indeed, wri..em
has no other significance in the mind
of the general or casual reader or OBJ
server than a fine old house where ricn
people lived before the civil war.
The Rambler has long known that
not all the old and fine houses Of early
Maryland were really manor houses.
but he has not known just where the
line was which distinguished a house
never was a manor. A great many
grand houses of the olden time were
not manors, though many came to be
called manors through courtesy. Some
were not distinguished in architecture,
being neither broad. lofty or imposing.
The subject presents some difficulties.
II one wishes to understand the
course. would be desirable to read the
chapter on the feudal system in
Blackstones Commentaries on the
Law. But as short cut the Rambler
opened a cyclopedia and read what
follows:
count Of two elements. economic and political.
The manor has the estate for its basis, although
It need not coincide with an estate, but may
trict formed for purposes of government, although
the political functions made over to it may
greatly vary. As lordship based land
tenue the manor necessarily comprises, ruler
and population dependent on him and the
Characteristic trait of such dependence consists
, not in ownership extending over persons, as in
slave-holding communities nor in contractural
. Arrangements as in modern economic organiza-
ton, but in various forms and degrees Of sub
lection, chiefly regulated by custom. In the
sense mentioned the manor is by means q
peculiarly English Institution; it occurs in every
country where feudalism got a hold. Under
other names find 1t not only in France, Ger
many. Italy and Spain. but also to certain
extent in the Byzantine empire, Russia and
Japan. It is especially representative of an
arfstocratic stage in the Development of Euro
pean M tions.
to be. su1icient for upholding their common
Wesrh:when social and political life had to
be tbufft up on the basis of land tenue, the
type Of manorial organization came forward in
the natural course. 1t is closely connected with
natural economy and suited to narrow
horizon of economic wants and political re-
quirements. At the same time 1t provided
links for kind Of national federation of mill
tary estates. -
Evening star., 1914-08-09

He Claims Ours Has
Become a Government
by the E x e cut iov e.
Urges a National Con-
stitutional Convention.
Asserts That Jefer-
sons Thought Was to
Have Such a Conven-
ton Once Every Ten
Years-The Tendency
Toward Capitalization
Discussed. a
Evening star., 1914-08-09

tor vardaman at that period quite OBJ
noxious to the spirit of democracy. He
told the voters Of his views on the sub
ject and Mississippi went on the direct
primary basis. In 1908 the new plan was
tried for the first time. Senator Varda-
man went into the race for governor and
handsomely defeated his three opponents
for the ONCE This campaign and cleo
ton brought him into national promi-
nenoe
In the meantime, Senator Vardaman
had acquired q war record, always po-
litical asset When the Spanish-Ameri-
can war broke out In 1893 he volunteered
al q private and was elected captain Of .
company organised ut Water Valley. It