davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23

lime form. In this form, it is not soluble in water, hence is not avail able as plant food. Phosphoric Acid In the one lime form is soluble in water and the aim of the manufac- turer is to change the Phosphoric Acid in the rock, from the three lime to the one lime form. He does this by grinding the rock finely and treat ing it with a strong acid.
 The acid which is now generally used in the manufacture of acid phos- phate is the sulfphuric. Two parts of this added to the three lime phosphate take away two parts of lime leaving only one lime in combination with phosphoric acid. Experience has shown manufacturers that it is best to use little less sulfuric acid than would be necessary to change all the three lime phosphate to the one lime form. II too much strong acid were used. the acid phosphate would be moist, sticky and difficult to handle. It follows then that every acid phos phate still contains little three lime or insoluble phosphate.
 Again, that portion of the phos- phoric acid which has beer changed othe one lime form is, so to speak, very poorly satisfied. and since, as has just been stated there is still left a little three lime phosphate. this poorly satisfied phosphoric acid takes away some of the lime from this com POPu0- anu eiS d ICSulls lWO 11nlc phosphate is formed. ITO revert means ito go back" and this two lime for m is called reverted phoSphoric acid because it has gone part of the way back to it's original compound. This reverted phosphoric acid is not soluble in water but the manufacturer is allowed to class it as available be- cause it is soluble in the weak acids of plant roots and thus available as plant food.
 Every Superphosphate or acid phosphate then contains: one lime or soluble Phosphoric Acid marked to per cent in our guarantee. Two lime or Reverted Phosphoric Acid marked to , per cent. Three lime or InsolubIe Phosphoric Acid marked per cent.
 Available Phosphoric Acid marked s6 to s per cent is always the sum of the Soluble and Reverted. Insoluble Phosphoric Acid is the difference be- tween the total and the available.
 London bankers clearing house bus mess in 1918 totaled S7e.9S7, ,76O,066.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
SPRAYING TIME.
The Early Sprayer Catches the
 Worms.

 As spraying is a preventive, the srrayer should always be forehanded. Fruit trees should be sprayed with lime and sulphur for San Jose scale while i the trees are dormant, and the mlxture may be bought all prepared. Early in the spring. before the buds start, the apple, cherry, quince and pear trees should be sprayed for scab, coddling moth, bud moth, cankerworm, tent caterpillar and aphis. The moths,
 cankerworms and3 caterpillars are chewing insects and are destroyed by covering the leaves with poison, so use a copper su1phate solution. If the aphis appear in great numbers spray the leaves with kerosene emulsion. A CTS. These little pests cannot be sprayed, but must be dug out with a knife or pointed wire. Moreover. if left to their own devices they will destroy the trees in a comparatively short time.
 Bush fruits and vines also have their enemies and must be sprayed The gooseberry is attacked by mildew, leaf blight and worms and should be sprayed carefully, especially under the leaves, where the eggs of the currant
 worm are laid. An excellent spray is made by using Bordeaux mixture in the proportion of one gallon of Bor- deaGux to fifty gallons of water. to which is added half a pound of paris green to f50 gallons of the Bordeaux mixture, and this can also be used on currants Raspberry and bla okberry bushes should be gone over and all the misshapen, diseased and galled canes cut out then spray with copper cul- phate solution. The grapevines should be pruned early and sprayed with copper sulphate solution for mildew
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
How Thin People
 Can Put On Flesh
A New Discovery

Thin men and women-that big hearty, filling dinner you ate last night. What became or all the fat-pro- ducing nourish IneEJ II c0nCHined2 You a1Vont gained in weight one ounce. That food passed from your body like nnburned coal IhrUush an open sretIe. The material Was there. but your fC od truth iS Eou hardly get enough nour- isbment froG1 your meals to pay Tor the cost or cooking. This is true Of thin folks tile world over. Your -iurri- tive orSans. your functions of asSimi- lation. are sadly out of gear and need reconstruction
 Cut out the foolish foods and funny rub-ons. Cut out everything but the meals you are eating now and eat with every one of those a single Sargol tab- let. In two weeks note the difference. Five to eight good solid pounds of healthy '.stay there's fat should be the stagnant blood with millions or fresh new red blood corpuseles-gives the blood the carrying power to deliver every ounce or faJ-making material in your food 10 every part or your body. SdrgOl too, mixes with your food and prepares ft for the blood In easily as stmilated form. Thin people gain all the way from 10 10 25 pounds a month while taking Sargo3, and the new flesh stays put Ssrgoi abletS are a scien- tiflc combination of six of the best flesh producing clements known to chemistry. They come 4n tablets 10 a package. are pleasant. harmless and inexpensive. and Lee K Osgood and all other druggists in Norwich and viein- ity sell them subject to an absolute E1'arantee of weight increase or money pack
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
FERTILIZER ANALYSES.

Fertilizers are used to supply three elements in which our soils are de- ficient viz: Nitrogen Potash, and PhoSphoric Acid. Manufacturers Of fertilizers are required to stamp each bag or package with guaranteed analysis of it's contents stating the percentage of the above elements How many of us take the trouble to interpret these analyses? The matter is not s0 complicated as it seems and a little study makes it clear. For a concrete example a tobacco fertilizer arries the following guarantee: Nitrogen, 3.3 to per cent. Equal to Ammonia. to 3 per cent. Actual Potash, 6 to per cent. Soluble Phosphoric Acid, f to per cen.
 Reverted Phosproic Acid. 2 to 3 per cent.
 Available Phosphoric Acid. to 8
 Total Phosphoric Acid. 10 to F per cent
 Insofu5le Phosuhoric Acid, per cen.
 Where two figures are given as Nitrogen 3.S to 4. it should be re- membered that the lower of the two is the one the manufacturer really guar antees. In this case he guarantees the mixture to- contain 3.3 per cent of actual nitrogen or 66 lbs. to the ton. Equal to ammonia 4 to means prac- tically nothing at all. Ammonia is a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen in the proportion of one part of hy- drogen to . parts of nitrogen The manufacturer then who expresses the nitrogen in terms of ammonia simply uses larger figures to state the same thing-just as 8 gond mother might prefer to give her chfld's weight as 320. ounces rather than 20 lbs. Some times the manufacturer neglects to use the word nitrosenSat all and sim nlV afafaS the nPrPant1 of ammonia Ln this case, remember that the hy- drogen in the Smmonia is of no value. The percentage of nitrogen can be determined by dividing the percentage of ammonia by 1.214. This may not be dishonesty but it certainly Is de- ception and our Experiment Station officials are agreed that our fertilizer laws should be revised to cover this point.
 The above fertilizer guarantted Potash 6 to S should contain per cent. of actual Potash or 120 lbs. to the ton. In order to express this in larger figures, manufacturers some times state the equivalent in Muriate of Potash of Sulfphuric of Potash.
 In order to understand the terms soluble, insoluble, available. and re- Verted as applied to phosphoric acid in fertilizers let us consider that a mixed fertilizer is completed by add ing to the subs tances containing nitro- gen and Potash, a encyclopedias or acid phosphate as it is now generally called.
 Phosphoric Acid is often found in nature combined with lime. These two elements have strong chemical affinity for each other and are found in several different combinations. Four of these combinations in nature ale of agricultural importance In one of these combinations, there is one equivalent of lime, in another two. in another three, and in still another four We may call these different combinations respectively one lime phosphate-two lime phosphate - three lime phospate. and four lime phosphate.
 The substance now generally used in the manufacture of acid phosphate is the phosphate rock found in South Carolina and Tennessee. PhoSphsric Ar4d exists ill this rock ia tho three
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
NEW LIFE FOR THE OLD SOIL
 Green Manures Work Wonders.

Any crop grown and plowed under green to increase the productive ca pacity of the soil are called green ma nure crop. Sometimes such crops oc- cupy the land for only part of the season. They are then known as cover crops or "catch'' crops.
 Green maturing is an important practice, chiefly because 1t adds organ ic matter to the soil, which is grad ually converted into l1umus an abso- lutely essential constituent of the soil. Of course humus may be secured by applying barnyard manure, but as a rule there is not enough of this ma terial to meet the needs of the land. However, green maturing is not enough in itself to keep a soil from wearing out, so other practices must be followed. Crops must be grown in rotation, the moisture content of the soil regulated, proper tillage practised, the soil kert sweet, the supply of min eral plant food maintained, especially the supply of phosphorous and potas- sium. and the nitrogen content of the soil kept up. These factors all play an important part in keeping a soil productive, but they are not more im- portant than green manuring.
 Poor Soils Especially Benefited.
 In general green manures are Dene- of their action on the physical, chemi- cal and meteorological conditions of the soil. From the physical side green manures influence the moisture, tenn perature and aeration of soils. For ex- ample, on light, sandy soils they pre- vent rapid drying out by reducing the losses of moisture due to evaporation and percolation, and further make the soil more compact. While they have just the opposite effect on heavy clay soils, here the organic matter opens up the soil and admits air.
 The practice of leaving the soil bare during July and August following the harvest of a small grain crop is very bad, as it causes the loss of large amounts of nitrogen by percolation. These losses may be prevented in a large measure by growing green ma nure crops on the land. especially is this true of leguminOuS crops, which stimulate greater bacterial action, and as 8 result larger amounts of available plant food are produced. Rye, wheat, buckwheat and grape are the nonlegu- minous crops which are commonly used from green manuring, while red clover, mammoth clover, sweet clover, crimson clover, Canada field peas, cow peas, soy beans and vetches are the best known legumes for this purpose.
 The secret of keeping our gardens and fields fertile is to blow deep, and if necessary subsoil, cultivate thor oughly and plant leguminous crops.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
HRooDING CHICKS
A Good Start Is Half the Battle.

z
 The brooding period embraces that
 portion of chicks life from the time l it is matched until it is feathered and ready for the colony house and is a most important and vital period, for then is laid the foundation of the fu- ] ture.
 There are two methods of breeding the natural, in which the hen sup plies the warmth and care, and the :! artificial. In the natural brooding all l that is necessary Is comfortable coop, not too warm. roomy and free rom drafts. kept clean and sprayed ltberally with a good liquid lice killer. or. better still, poultry disinfectant.
 Then. given proper feed. the hen will
 do the rest.
 Artificial breeders have two parts a hover which is warmed and supplies the, heat to the chicks. and a nursery or exercising room. In choosing a brooder select one that is well built,
 easily cleaned and in which the heat is dehected downward on the chicks
 back Avoid bottom heat, which causes leg troubles. Buy the brooder plenty large and do not crowd the chicks. Keep it sweet and clean and cover the floor with sand or fine chopped alfalfa ol, clover.
 < Watch the Temperature. The temperature under the hover during the first week should be 90 dessrees; then gradually reduce the heat until it reaches so degrees. The nersery should be about 70 degrees. As much depends on the lamp. in a brood CT, keep it we'll filled, with clean burner and well trimmed wick Have a good tested thermometer, take the temperature from near the floor watching carefully for overheating .or chilling chicks are equally disastrous, and above all follow the directions that come. with the brooder.
 After the first week or two chicks may be allowed to run about in small outdoor yard when the weather is clear and mild. provided they can all ways return easily to the hover when they feel cold. When the weather is bad confine them to the nursery and induce exercise by scattering fine grain among the litter.
 The question of breeding large colo Eies of several hundred chicks Ill a small room, or house by the use of brooder stoves has attracted much at tention lately These small coal or oil burning stoves with large cone shaped metal heat deflectors have been used for many years in California and un- doubtedly are great labor savers. The fireless type of brooder, which de- bends on thick, soft insulation to con- serve the natural heat of the chick, as well as portable hovers, are also in quite general and successful use.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
and leaf blight and for worms add paris green as given above.
 What s>ind of a Spraxer to Buy.

|. These spray mixtures can be bought ing outfits are for sale in every city
 town and village so there is no excuse in these modern days for allowing in sects to get the best of the situation
 In buying a sprayer one should have definitely in mind for just what pur- pose it is to be used. For example, if there are only fruit bushes and grape vines a knap5ack sprayer has many good points, especially the compressed air ones. They hold about five gallons
 and two or three pumpings nearly empty the tank. If there are g. few fruit trees of the semi dwarf or dwarf variety the small tank sprayer on two wheels will answer, as it is easy to get about both in the garden and orchard. Of course. for the owner of an acre or more of fruit the power sprayer drawn by a horse is needed.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23

healthy queen will lay during her life Swarnin Is generally the result of a colony outgrowing it's hive, but by using large hives this will be in a measure prevented.
 Bees must be able to find plenty of honey bearing plants in order to pro- duce honey. The basswood ranks next to alfalfa, sage and white clover as the best honey, producer. Buckwheat and all kinds of flowers supply bees with honey making material. An av- craze of 35 pounds of honey per hive can be counted on in good seasons.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23
ADOPTING BEES.
Not a Hazardous Undertaking.

Agriculturist and Fruit Grower.
 If the amount of time required to look after bees successfully is consid- cred, in proportion to the revenue de- rived, the most indifferent must regard bookkeeping a very sound investment.
 A beginner with bees would do well to visit some one who keeps them and spend the day learning the ins and outs of their management-hOw to tell the queens, workers and drones, about the opening of hives and handling of frames. But before buying any bees send for hive and study all it's parts. Usually bees are bought hive and all, but frequently the hive is not the right sort and the bees have to be trans ferred.
 An outfit of five hives and all neces- sary tools for starting can be bought for about st1. A good, select, tested queen, suitable for starting with, will cost B. Start with a one frame nu- cleus in each hive. which. if properly managed, will make strong colonies by fall. These will cost g each.
 Bees Easily Suited.
 Location is not important. The town or village dwelier will find the rear of about the hives should be kept smooth and the grass mown. Never keep bees near the highway. or lawsuits may re- suit from bee stings. Too much shade is as bad for bees as too little. Strike 8 happy medium, and if the hives are exposed to strong winds build a wind break of some kind to protect them.
 Bees are divided into two classes workers and drones. The Italians are the most profitable and the easiest to handle, being very gentle. The Italian worker bee has a distinguishing char acteristic-namely three yellow bands. The workers make all the honey and usually work themselves to death in three months, while the drones live even shorter time. The queen often lives four or five years, as she does very little outdoor work.
 Every swarm has a queen, whose duty consists m laying eggs for hatch ing future workers and dreaes, and .
Norwich bulletin., 1914-04-23

London bankers clearing house bus mess in 1918 totaled S79,9S7, ,76O,066.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-02-25
Shafts BuRY

Miss jamie Harrington visited rela-
tives in Bennington Saturday.
Schools in town observed Washing
toms birthday Monday.
Miss Sarah Peck, who has been Wis
ting her sister, Miss Gracia Peck for
several days, returned to her home in
Camden Valley Monday.
George Waite recently sold his LOT
of FIVE acres to parties in Cambridge
The depot school at SALISBURY has
recently purchased from Mr.. Girls
void OF Bennington a Victrola and 10
records. The money was raised at a
fair and supper which was given by
the school Dec. II, 1913.
Solomon Madison gave the pupils
of the depot school a delightful ride
to South SALISBURY Saturday where
they took part in the school exhibit
held in Cole hall
Thursday evening, March at s o.
CLOCK the depot school will give an
exhibit OF the work shown at South
SALISBURY. School work will be
done and a short entertainment will
be given. All are cordially invited.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-02-25
sHAFTsBURY VALLEY

Ralph Bouplon is on the sick list.
Edward Bouplon was in Benning-
ton Saturday.
James Bouplon had the misfortune
to lose a horse Sunday.
Floyd Bouplon was a North Ben.
nington visitor Monday.
Miss Eva Stanley was an over sun
day guest at her home.
John Huntington is improving the
sleighing drawing wood from the
Valley.
VIM. Gosry Of North White Creek
was a guest at the home OF ]. F.
Stanley recently.
Mr.. and Mrs. Cyrus Estes OF Ben
nington were week end guests at the
home Of F w. Fuller.
Miss Celia McKinty OF Cambridge
visited at the home OF Mr. and Mrs.
]. F.Stanley Thursday.
Salisbury Valley was well repre-.
sented at the play given by local tai.
ent at Creamery hall Saturday even
Ing.
Edward Bouplon and Lester and
Ralph Peters have returned to
school after Il siege of whoopng
cough.
Master Edward and Miss Helen
Bouplon visited their grandparents,
Mr. and Mrs. VI. Brayton in White
Creek last week.
Mrs. VIM. Allard and Mrs. Chester
Houston Of Bennington were week
end guests at the homes Of Frank
Bouplon and Mrs. Jane Smith.
Appropriate exercises on "Washing
toms birthday were held at the
school house Friday afternoon. Rev.
J. c. Mitchell Of White Creek was
scheduled to give an address but un-
fortunately his father was taken IN
and prevented his coming. but he
promised the teacher, Miss Geary,
that he would appear at some near fu
ture date.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-02-25
PowNAL

Joseph Proud and Thomas Bump
COX the civil service examination in
Troy ON Tuesday
The morning service at the Baptist
,hurch Sunday was commemorative
the fact that the debt on their new
dice had been entirely paid. The
astor preached string sermon us
ng as his text the last words Of our
savior, 1T is finished When the
)oxology was being sung the note TO
he Bennington County Savings bank
which was the visible sign of the in
'ebtedness was burned. The church
~ unanimous vote passed the fol-
owing resolutions BE 1t resolved,
hat the church appreciates to the
ittermost the energy, untiring zeal,
perseverance and Christian faith
hown by our pastor, Rev H. G. Mohl
his successful quest of funds for
he building of and payment: of the
lebt on our church." The church al
20 voted that any unpaid subscript.
ons as they should come in should
re used to start fund to build a
,hurch shed which is badly needed.
The play "Red Acre Farm" was
presented at Academy Hall in North
Pownal Saturday evening taxing the
capacity of the hall. every seat being
illed and a large number stood. Pat.
lex Colwell and Miss Eva Brimmer
IS the old farmer and wife did splen-
Idly. and Misses Mary Purcell and
daude Grady as the two daughters of
he house portrayed their parts in
heir usual capable manner. Ralph
Ladd made a hit as Duck Randall
md Daniel Purcell as Tom Brady
cot the most possible out of his part.
Miss Constance Potter was charming
n the old fashioned costume she
wore as the wife OF Col Barnaby
Strut and the Col. himself in the
person of Edward Grogan had the
audience In a roar every time he APP
peared. The strong hearted Squire
Harcourt and his rake of a son we're
well taken care Of by Leo Grady and
lanes Hannigan. Miss Margaret Col
well and Michael Purcell had comedy
parts which we're exceptionally well
lone. The young people had put a
lot OF time into the preparation OF
The play and the success OF the piece
well repaid them for their trouble.
The church is about 500 richer as
the result.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-02-25
BENNINGTON BRIEFS
&sws CT the Town and Village Told REasib
Tor Busy Peadens-

NJ. Margolin of North street is in
Troy on business.
Miss Catherine Leahy OF Utica is
visiting her father, John H. Leahy.
Four horse sleigh rides call Henry
NJ. futile Co. 40, for rates and par
ticulars. 21tf
Frank LaFranchise of Scott street
passed Tuesday with relatives in Hoo
sick Falls.
Miss Alta Cutler won the prize
waltz at the dance in Foresters hall
Tuesday evening.
Miss Louise A. Wood OF Spring
field, Mass, is spending few days
at her home here.
Mrs. II. NJ. Richie, who has been
Ill with inflammation Of the ear, is
very much improved.
Prof. and Mrs. W. S. C. Russell of
Springfield, Mass, who have been
guests of Mrs. Frank Harwood, re-
turned home Tuesday afternoon.
Prizes at the whist card party and
dance given in Academy hall Tues
day evening by Bennington Council
Knights of Columbus were won by
Miss Rose Hackett and William
Sears. There were about "a tables
in play.
Mrs. Mary Healy was given very
pleasant surprise party at her home
Tuesday evening by number of her
friends. Games and other forms Of
popular amusement were enjoyed
IND refreshments were served.
The funeral of Burt H. Wilson was
held from his late home on Depo:
street this morning at IL o'clock,
Rev. w. F. Meyer of the First Bap-
list church officiating. Relatives act
ed as bearers. The remains were
placed In the vault of the Old Ben
lington cemetery.
Stephen F. Hector, well known
business man of Hoosick Falls, who
lied at his home there Monday night,
vas a brother of Mrs. James Colvin
0f this village. He was a son of
John and Mary Davis Hector. and
vas born at East Dorset in 1868. For
l number of years he had been a
member OF the firm of Hector broth
srs, monumental marble and granite
workers. He was a member of Hoo
sick Falls lodge of Elks, Modern
Noodman Of America and at the time
I his death was town tax collector
lis widow. formerly Miss Elizabeth
Reilly of Hoosick Falls, two daught
rs, Misses Irma and Lola. and q son,
derylyn; four brothers, John Of
cleveland, Michael of Poughkeepsie.
richard of Newburgh and Thomas OF
hudson, and two sisters. Mrs Eliza
leth Burns OF South Dorset and Mrs.
ames Colvin of Bennington, survive.