davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
EXTENSION SCHOOLS IN AGRI-
CULTURE AND HOME

ECONOMICS.

The Agriculture Extension Service
Of the State University held Is Ex-
tension Schools last year Over 500
attendance ranged from 20 to GO and
averaged 30. The interest shown, as
well as numerous requests for similar
schools, warrant their continuation
this winter on a larger scale. II is
proposed to hold so schools provided
communities are ready to meet the
simple requirements.
At these schools, with farmers as
the pupils, Agricultural College men
will discuss Dairying, Breeding and
Management of Livestock, Feeds and
Feeding, Farm Crops, Soils and Soil
/ Management, Fruit, Poultry, For
estry, Farm Management and Farm
Machinery The schools last for five
days. In NOSE cases coincident with
the work in Agriculture for the farm
ers will be held an Extension school
in Home Economics for the farm
women, at which House Sanitation,
Selection and Preparation Of Foods,
Sewing and Drcssmaking will be dis
cussed and illustrated.
The extension Service desires 10
start these schools by the middle Of
November. Several applications are
already in hand; others should be
promptly made. The local community
should furnish suitable rooms for the
work and guarantee satisfactory
and, as nearly as may be, constant at
tendance. Applications will be con
sidered in the order Of receipt and
should be addressed TO Director Of
Extension Service, Burlington, W.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
THE CHRISTMAS THOUGHT

Ideas on Christmas giving are rap.
idly changing among the sensible
Those who think as they give are
looking for year-round service az
the important thing.
In week of shopping, with all its
strain, you will not find better gift
than a years subscription to the
Youths Companion. 1t offers its
service, its clean entertainment, its
fine suggestiveness week after week;
and the end Of the year, which finds
many a gift in the attic, dust-cover-
ed and forgotten, brings The Com
panion again, with all the charm Of
last Christmastide.
No American monthly at any price
offers the same amount o. reading,
and none can offer better quality.
Less than four cents week provides
this best Christmas gift-s2.00 a year.
II you subscribe now, all the remain
ing issues of the year will be sent
free, and The Companion Home Ca,cn-
dar. A copy Of the Calendar is also
sent to those who make gift sub
scription. Send for sample copies,
and the Forecast for 1915.
THE YOUTHS COMPANION,
IA Berkeley Street, Boston, Mass.
New Subscriptions Received al this
Office. adv.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12

feet away, where il buried half Of IL
self in the earth. Ordnance experts
Of the German army, constantly OF
duty at the Krupp plant, accordingly
set themselves to work to find an ef
fective method Of reducing the reeoil
Their efforts finally produced a paii
Of hydraulic tubes, which were placed
along the barrel of the gun. A mix,
ture Of glycerin and water was pre-
pared for the tubes, and the barrel
Of the gun fitted to them in such a
manner that the recoil was taken up
by the glycerin and water as il was
forced through series of vents in
side the tube the instant the gun was
fired. Gravity forced the mixture to
flow back TO its first position after
the recoil had been entirely takenup,
where it was ready to absorb the
shock of the next shot.
The recoil eliminated, vast possibili-
ties were opened. The calibre of the
gun was increased by three inches.
With fourteen-inch bore the gun was
also success. So the bore was in
creased again. II then measured six
teen inches--that is to say, the diane
ter of the inside of the barrel was six
teen inches. But the rife and its
attachments were so heavy (they
weigh forty tons) that every time it
was moved on. its carriage, when the
ground was damp, the wheels sank in
several inches.
Prior to that time an officer in the
Italian army had invented what the
world now knows as caterpillar wheels.
These were placed on the heavier
pieces of field artillery belonging to
the Italian army in order that the
gun might be moved over swampy
and. The Germans accordingly
adopted the Italian plan and made
feet" that could be at
.ached to the wheels of carriages made
% transport the big siege guns. In
addition, many complete caterpillar
wheels were made. The feet" how
,ver, were different from those of the
Italian caterpillar wheels in that they
we're constructed of fibrous compost
ion, reinforced with strips of steel.
from that time on the siege guns
ould be dragged by horses or traction
ngines over any but the most marshy
and in Europe.-Norman Draper in
Jolliers.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
CHArfEE's WORK IN CHINA
Tribute Paid 10 the Dead Soldier by
Brig. Gen. Charles King.

/ II was Chaffee to whom the presi
dent and the people seemed TO turn IL
confidence illimitablo when the. CRY
came from the Orient to hasten q
save. Pekin was in the hands Of a
fanatical mob. The lives Of scores Of
our people, men, women and children,
were hanging on single hair--the
hope that with the little band of regu-
lars hurried over from Manila, and
the simultaneous advance Of the allies
Chaffee could raise the siege of the
legation. II brings to mind Lucknow
and Havelock and "the piping times Of
the clans" But there is no Whittier
now to tell the story in verse that
thrills the blood. Another day, and
God alone can say what might have
been the fate of those belcaguered
souls. But, God be thanked, there
were indomitable leaders and incom-
parable men in that marching column
for Chaffee and his devoted lads in
blue scaled the massive walls and
burst the forbidding barriers in the
very nick of time.
Fearless in speech, in action prompt
and bold" our commander in the flow
cry kingdom proved to be rot only the
peer of any soldier sent from Europe,
,ut one whose sword was tempered |
With justice and mercy, else why did
he oriental mourn the Withdrawal &C
he Americans from China From Tx
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
THE AUTOMATIC FIREMAN

Most manufacturing establishments.
industrial warehouses, and department
stores are equipped with an automatic.
: sprinkler apparatus consisting Of n
system of water pipes fitted AZ short
intervals with sprinkler nozxlcs which
open when the temperature rises much
above the ordinary as in case Of an
incipient fire. The sprinkler nozzlcs
are closed by plugs Of an easily fusi-
bic metal alloy which melts at a very
low temperature. Cadmium is an es-
sential ingredient of such alloys, other
metals used being lead, tin, and bis
muth, Cadmium is also used in cleo
trical fuses, which prevent fires and
accidents by burning out" when a
dangerously high current is acciden-
tally thrown upon line.
The principal cadmium-producing
country is Germany, which, in the last
few years, has had an output between
10000 and 100000 pounds annually,
sold at 43 to 67 cents pound In Ger
many cadmium is recovered as by
product in zinc smelling. The United
States has annually imported from
1000 TO $4,000 pounds of stick cad
MUM from Germany, but in 1913 the
imports dropped TO ,656 pounds, val
ued at 81 ,232. The United States has
p 'oduced metallic stick cadmium since
1907 and for several years has pro-
duccd, also, the pigment cadmium
yellow. There are now three Ameri-
can firms making cadmium in one or
both Of these forms and another year
will probably ada one more producer.
1t was known as .rg ago as 1856
that cadmium vas present in the hue
and playhouse dusts cf lead snelters
treating ores from Laadvlle, Colo.
This cadmium probably occurred in
the zinc ores associated with the lead
ores at Leadville, as cadmium is al
most universally present in zinc ores.
In zinc concentrates from the Joplin
region the ratio of cadmin.n TO zinc
is to 162. When lead ores contain
ing small quantities Of cadmium ;re
smelted in the blast furnace, the cad
MUM distills over into the bag house,
together with arsenic, lead, and anti
mony. When these dusts from the bag
house are charged again into the blast
furnace, most Of the lead and antimony
will be recovered in metallic form, but
the arsenic and cadmium will again 20
over into the bag house. In time the
fume will be very much enriched in
arsenic and cadmium. This fume is
treated for arsenic and the cadmium is
from the residue. There is
thus plentiful supply Of cadmium in
The United States, and only a sufii-
,ient demand for the metal is needed
'or this country to become great
producer.
The United States Geological Sur
,ey has just issued a short report
ipon cadmium which may be had by
addressing request to the Director,
J. s. Geological Survey, Washington,
}. C.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
His Bluntness Created Several Situa
tiOns.

The brusqueness and directness Of
frontier days still clung to him, and
made it hard for him to get on with
foreigners, with whom he was now
for the first time, brought into con
fiict. 1t is related Of him that when
he reached Tientsin the Japanese,
British, French and Russian forces
we're already there, the japanese fav-
oring an immediate advance, the Brit
ish being undecided, and the Russians
and French working for delay. Gen.
Chaffee said nothing until he was
asked for his views. He then said:
II have orders to relieve the American
legation at Pekin, and am going to
do it. ! will march tomorrow" The
Russian and French commanders ex-
postuIated in vain, and reminded him
that he had the smallest force. "That
makes no difference" replied Chaffee.
Il will go alone if necessary" The
japanese hailed his emphatic declara-
ton with joy, the British commander
fell into line, and the Russians and
French reluctantly joined in the ad-
vance.
After the relief forces reached pekin
there was another conference of the
commanders to decide who should lead
in the invasion of the Forbidden
city," The japanese claimed the
honor, because their force was the
largest, and Gen. Linevitch, the Rus
sian commander, insisted that it be-
longed to him, because the Russian
troops were first on the wall in the
assault on Pekin. That claim angered
"You were first on the wall
because you violated binding agree
ment," he said to Gen. Linevitch. at
was decided that there would be a
general advance at o'clock in the
the night before. That is
how you got there first" Gen. Line
witch, who is the same officer who
fought in Manchuria, naturally did
not like the way Gen. Chaffee talked
TO him, accusing him of bad faith be-
fore all of the other commanders. He
.ried in vain to get the Russian gov
srnment to file complaint with the
State department and endeavor to
secure Gen. Chaffee's recall.
Gen. Chaffee's relations with Count
yon Waldersee also became seriously
strained. When Gen. Chaffee heard
hat some German soldiers had taken
he astronomical instruments from the
Chinese national observatory, he sent
Count Won Waldersee sharp note, in
which he spoke Of the incident as abb
,olute vandalism of the worst kind"
Count Won Waldersee regarded this
Message as an insult. He cabled it TO |
Berlin, and formal complaint was
odged with Secretary Hay by the |
German ambassador. Secretary Root
wrote Gen. Chafree letter, of which |
Germany received copy, expressing
'egret that he had used such harsh |
anguage to Count Won Waldersee.
That ended the incident. General
,haffee had another little rupture with
he Russian commander. Conditions in
'ekin were being discussed at con-
erence. Gen. Gaselee Of the British
.rmy told Of an investigating tour he
lad made through the city He said
hat the American and japanese quar-
ers were well policed, business had
'een resumed and the people were
lappy. The situation in the British
Iuarter was nearly as good, but, he
aid, in the Russian quarter he saw
nothing but dogs" That struck
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
VERMONT EQUAL SUFFRAGE
CONVENTION

The state convention Of the Yer
mont Equal Suffrage Association was
held in Burlington on Nov. and 6.
Aside from reports of officers the lead
ing features of the convention were
the addresses by Mrs. Beatrice For
bes- Robinson Hale and Mrs. Maud
Wood Parks, of Boston, and the ex-
quisite musical solos by Mrs. Harry
IF. James of st. Adams and Nine.
Raw Brooks of Manchester. The aud
fences were large and appreciative,
more than eight hundred being in at
tendance to hear these distinguished
speakers and soloists on the evening
of the 9Th inst, and more than six
hundred on the succeeding evening in
spite of the fact that other entertain
ments took away many who desired to
attend. The old officers were re-elect-
ed to serve another year, the only
change made being in the Office of cor
responding secretary, and are as fol-
lows: President, Mrs. Frances Rastall
Wyman, Manchester Center; Vice
President, Western side, Mrs. Eliza
Beth Grinnell Van Patten, Burlington;
Vice President, Eastern side, Miss
Evelyn Lena Fuller, Woodstock; Cor
Secretary, Mrs. Amanda
Seaver, Barton; Recording Secretary,
Mrs. Mary Grace Garfield, Woodstock;
Treasurer, Mrs. Julia Ashley Pierce,
Rochester; Auditor, Mrs. Jessie Briggs
Tinkham, Rochester.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
Why Sea Power il Decisive.

\
Water, being the greatest, simples
and easiest mode Of communication be
tween countries, imparts TO naval war
fare its most determinative feature
This applies not only to the severane,
Of communications, but 10 the charac
teristic method Of action. The battles
Of naval warfare are few compared
with those Of land; IL is the unremit.
ting daily silent pressure of naval
force, when il has attained control OF
the sea against an opponent-the sus-
tanned block of communication which
has made sea power so decisive an
element in the history Of the world,
To realize this, we have only to con-
sider a few Of the items upon which
highly organized nations depend for
the well-being of their population;
food, raw materials for manufacture,
exports to pay for imports, the car
riage Of specie in moments of emer-
gency. By far the greater part Of
these is effected by sea, by lake, or
by river.
Attention having been fixed upon
this factor in history, it has brought
into existence what is now in point of
power the second greatest navy of the
world. Before 1870 Germany was in
the main an agricultural country, cap
able in great measure of living off it
self, and in so far independent Of the
sea. Its commerce outside of the then
free cities, was mostly carried by
other than German ships; its navy
was negligible in any great European
combination. But since 1879, with
the installation of the protective sys-
TEN, manufactures have increased
vastly, the national wealth has
grown, the population has flowed in
creasingly from the fields to the city,
a great mercantile marine has grown
up under the imperial flag.
With the merchant shipping, though
tagging somewhat behind in point of
time, has come the navy. The general
necessity for such protection was en-
phasized to imperial Germany by the
geographical position of Great Brit
ain, which lies across all the sea |
of Germany, except |
her relatively trivial intercourse with
the Baltic. In case of war between !
the two countries, the whole carrying /
trade under the German flag would be
stopped Immediately; of which fact
we at this moment are receiving
striking instances War would re-
move both British and German mer-
chant ships, as sea-carriers for the
maintenance of Germany's CONNER
cial system, thus disorganizing the
entire social structure as resting up
on industries.
Not only so, but neutral merchant
men could be debarred from entrance
to German ports by blockade, recog-
nized method of war. In war, Ger
many would have to depend, for all
that she drew from the sea in peace,
upon adjacent neutral ports such as
those of the Rhine, the mouth of
which is in Holland, whence by the
stream access is had to the interior of
Germany. 1t is evident, however, that
communication thus limited resembles
the sudden substitution Of single
track railroad for one of four. All
ships Of Germany and Britain, the
two chief carriers, are eliminated, and
neutrals restricted; not to mention
that the said neutrals are already
largely occupied in other commercial
relations. Rear-Admiral Alfred T.
Mahan in Leslies.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12

ready to think quickly and to serve
their country intelligently in time Of
national crisis, whether that crisis ap-
pear in the form Of earthquake, food
or war
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12

Gen, Chaffce as being funny, and he
laughed so heartily over il that Gen.
linevitch was greatly offended 49,
From tho New York Evening Post
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12
STATE NEWS

Mr.. and Mrs. c. H. Darling observ-
ed the 25th anniversary of their mar
riage in Burlington Friday evening
The 200 guests assembled were un-
aware of the nature of the reception
which Mr.. and Mrs. Darling gave un-
til an appropriately decorated cake
was produced. Mr.. and Mrs. Darling
were married in Bennington, went to
Washington, d. c., in 1901, when the
former was appointed assistant sec
retary of the navy, and in 1905 came
to Burlington, where Mr.. Darling was
collector Of customs until recently.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1914-11-12

Five of the % mileage books stolen
from the railroad station at Jonesville
two weeks ago have made their APP
pearance on Central Vermont trains
and have been promptly discredited by
the conductors. The thief tore out
from so TO $50 miles frop the books
and then sold them TO unsuspecting
dealers, who in turn rented them to
innocent persons. Every conductor
has been advised Of the numbers Of
the stolen books and when one ap-
pears it is promptly taken up and the
bearer required TO pay his fare.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-07-28
Not Bad Politics, This.

LONDON. July 2s.-The example
set by Mrs. Margaret StOckman, OF
Hampstead Garden Suburb. in so
framing her will as to disinherit her
only son if women don't get the vote
before her death is likely TO be fol-
lowed by other prominent and veal
thy woman suffragists. according 10
a statement made By her.
Under the terms Of the will. as re-
Gently altered by Mrs. Stockman. all
her property Will 90 TO her only
daughter and TO her other female rel
atiyes, unless parliament passes a
woman suffrage bill before the in
strument becomes operative
4 feel that my daughter is politi-
cally handicapped" she says" and 1
want her 10 have a corresponding ad-
vantage economically am beginning
10 realize that the economic question
is at the bottom OF all the difficulties
of English women. and therefore IL
there is anything that the women OF
the present generation can do to put
the women OF the next generation on
a proper economic basis they ought 20
90 II. Although I cannot mention
names l know numOer OF women
who are thinking Of taking the same
step"
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-07-28
NEW COMET IS
TO Be SEEN IN
MORNING SKIES

Amateur astronomers who are
equipped with a small telescope or
with good field glasses may find an
Object OF absorbing interest in the
northeastern sly during the early
morning hours. The Delevan comet,
which was discovered last December,
is now approaching perihelion and for
a few weeFs VIII be plainly visible.
The come; is low traversing the
constellation Auriga. which may be
identified ty the brilliant yellow star
Capella in the northeastern part Of
the heavens shorty before dawn. Ow-
ing To the effect of the sunlight
which strikes the upper strata of the
atmosphere before the sun rises above
the horizon. the comet hardly will
be visible TO the naked eye. The COM
ct now appears as a star Of the fifth
magnitude. which is on the border
land o. visibility. However. with the
aid OF a telescope it is a conspicuous
object.
For eight months astronomers have
been watching the Delevan comet,
named for its discoverer. 1t was first
sighted in the southern hemisphere.
and so rapid was its approach TO the
sun that within a short time It be-
carle visilie 10 observers in the north.
Its orbit has been traced accurately
during the time il has been under OBJ
servation, and astronomers estimate
miles OF the sun in October. As the
comet is now speeding toward the
sun, within a short time II will dis
appear in its rays. After passing Pc
rihelion it is doubtful If It can be
seen save only in the larger instru-
ments
For many centuries mankind be-
lieved that the appearance Of a COM
ct forboded III. Flood. fire, death and
plaques were attributed TO the ma
lign influence OF the celestial wand
erers and it has been only within the
last 500 or 400 years that the true
nature OF these interesting celestial
objects became known. In the light
OF modern science the superstition
which has surrounded comets has dis
appeared. Now they are regarded as
highly interesting. but no enlightened
person believes that they have the
slightest effect on earthly things.
Some Of the orbits OF comets are
so enormous that II takes them thou
sands of years TO traverse them. 60
ing at a speed which makes the We
locity OF the earth appear slow. OF
many hundreds OF comets compare
lively few have been catalogued by
the astronomers. Ii Is supposed that
many Of the comets visit the solar
system only once They come rushing
by to be refreshed in the rays Of the
sun. only TO pass on to other systems
never to return However. there are
a good many which return periodical
ly. notable among which is Halleys
comet seen in 1910.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-07-28
American surgeons in London

LONDON, July 27.-Although Am
erica is admittedly far in advance OF
the rest of the world in the general
science Of carving the human body.
1900 eminent surgeons Of the United
States and Canada have come to Lon
don to learn some new things which
British members Of the profession are
said TO excel in. For the first time
in history the clinical congress OF
surgeons Of North America Is meet
ing in a foreign country. having ac-
cepted the invitation OF a delegation
Of British surgeons at the Chicago
convention last year to hold its fifth
annual session in this city.
At the opening meeting the iele-
gates will be formally welcomed by
Sir Hickman ]. Godlee. chairman OF
the London committee. and by United
States Ambassador Page, and will lis
ten to an address By the retiring pres
ident, DR.. George z. Brewer. Of New
York. During the next five days the
visitors will be given opportunity OF
an intimate study Of the latest Brit
ish clinical methods at demonstrations
to be conducted in the arious London
hospitals, Of which there viii be an
average of twenty a day. General
sessions will be held each evening at
the Savy and Cecil hotels at which
papers will be read and discussed by
the foremost surgeons Of both Eng
land and America.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-07-28
Darn Life Commission

COLLEGE STATION. Texas. July
2S.-The Texas Farm Life Commis-
sion held its annual meeting here to-
day. The agricultural products of
AeNas farms are yearly the largest Of
sny state. but home life conditions of
the farms are admittedly discourag-
ing and are the cause OF the drift Of
farmers sons and daughters 20 the
cities. The Texas farm life commis-
sion was appointed By Governor COLI
Quit under an act OF the Legislature
several years ago. The commissions
studies Of conditions and recommen-
dations for Improvement have been
a factor in the current agitation for
tetter markets, cotton warehouses
ana state aid.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1914-07-28
Rube NIarquard.

Many baseball fans who wondered
at the achievement OF Rube Marqu-
ard OF the New York Giants and
Babe" Adams of the Pittsburgh Pi-
rates, in pitching twenty-one innings
Saturday. nevertheless felt both men
would be Injured by the overwork.
Twenty-one innings meant two and
one third games Of baseball. Usu-
ally pitchers work ever four days and
do less work than these two did in
less than four hours.
Put Marquard worked his regular
turn Wednesday against Cincinnati
and won his game in fine form.