davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03
Big Year in Ship Building.

New York, Dec. 3.-During the last
fiscal year there were added to the
shipping of the world 713 new vessels
with a gross tonnage of 2,02O,185, ac-
cording to the annual report of Lloyds
register of shipping, made public here
today. This is said to be the highest
total for any one year recorded in the
history of society. About sixty per
cent of the total was for the British
empire, the remainder divided among
other countries. The period covered
by the report ended June 80 last.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03
City Managers Meet.

vention of city managers ever held in
the United States was opened here last
night. OF the fifteen city managers in
the United States eight are present.
They are: Kenyon Riddle, Abilene,
Kruger. Manistee, Mich; NJ. H. Hardin.
Amarillo. Tex; Carl NJ. Mitchell, River
Forest. ILL.,; Claud Chappelle, Big Rap
ids, Mich, and Charles T. Ashberner,
Springfield
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03

4 Members of Topeka Post. No. II. will
meet at their hall. 701 Kansas avenue,
third floor, Sunday afternoon at
O'Clock. to attend the funeral Of our
comrade, Albert McClain, past post
commander. from Penweliss chapel at
$50 O'Clock
q. =. WOLF CommAnder.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03
Bombs Dropped ON Krupp work

London. Dec "A dispatch to the Ex-
change. The Hague. quotes a message
from Berlin to the effect that the Krupp
factory at Essen, Germany, has been
bombasded by an aeronaut. 1t is said
the bombs were dropped from the aero
plane the buildings devoted to the
manufacture of cannon The airman o.
capped unfnjured.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03
100 LATE TO CLASSIFY.

FOR TRADE-Good sound mare, free
driver, in fine condition, for COW or
heifer. 4736 Red
FOR RENT-4-room cottage. 219 Adams.
Inquire 7O Van Buren,.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03

The Ladies Aid society of the First
United Brethren church will meet with
Mrs. J. W. Emry at her home. 250l Lin
coin street, Friday afternoon at $50.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03

Indianola Council No. s., Degree Of
Pocahontas, will celebrate its fifth an
niversary Friday evening, Dec. L. A
class of seven candidates will be initiated
and refreshments will be served.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-12-03

Dr. T. p Skaggs, dentist in the Mills
building, was today taken to Stormont
hospital where he will undergo an opera
ion Friday for appendicitis.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
Interesting Farmers Meeting
Bsrss College Experiment Farm

can be done here can be done other
places; yes on your own farm that
now makes you feel little awry
when the expert calls on you.
How about lime and red cloverY
This test is most marked. No lime,
no clover is the verdict OF the tests
made. Are you scared to grow
sweet clover, for fear IL will take
your farm? Don't take Mr.. Scare
body's word for II; he never gave II
fair test like you find at the Sta
ton. Believe your own eyes and
go in on sweet clover for feed and
a soil builder.
Mr.. George pigg, who has been
doing the work on the farm with
his large mules plowed three inches
deeper than usual; thus to him
and his son much credit is due for
the rapid improvement Of the old
discarded field. II is encouraging
to have this interest taken by the
operators. Success is in their path
as farmers.
No farmer can afford to miss these
valuable lessons on farming and
better farming.
We give here the names Of those
present as near as we can recall. III
your name is omitted come to our
next call meeting and correct us.
J. NJ. Baker, w. ID. Lewis, Joe
Lewis. T. C. Todd, VIM. Todd, A..
Burnell, Geo. pigg, M. d. Fowler,
Jas. Fowler, Carlos Fowler, Jim Ha-
gan, w. ID. Knuckles, James Steph-
ems, Benton Fielder, John Davis.
VIM. Davis. Sam Davis, C. II. Wer-
tenbe rger, All Johnson, H. o. Lamb,
Jas. Bratcher, Frank Bratcher,
Lester Hill, Geo. Bratcher.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
CONVICT ROAD LABOR.

Columbia University investigator Sub
mits Facts Supporting the idsa.
Road building by convicts has stood
the test Of the scientific investigation
made for Columbia university. through
its graduate highway department. by
Sidney WilmOt, a road engineer. re-
Gently an advanced student in that uni
versity and attached to the star of the
national committee on prison labor.
The investigation into the costs Of
convict labor on the roads emphasizes
clearly the economic advantage obtain
ed by this joining of the problems Of
the convict and the road. This advan-
tage reverts to the taxpayer and also
to the convict's family. through the
wage which can be paid for his labor.
The Academy OF Political Science
has undertaken to make this study
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
THE FARMERS YEAR

Those who seem to take a gloomy
view Of the business outlook should
look at the latest crop reports. Corn
a 2,sO0,OOO. OOO-bushel crop; winter
wheat, 655,OO0.OOO bushels; spring
wheat, 270.OOO,OO0 bushels; oats,
loo, OO0, OO0-all Of them far above
the ten-year average. The crops
are the bright, redeeming feature Of
the business situation. And the
promise is even better than the fig
ures show. Even the pessimist
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
Berea College Canning Industry

happy more than twenty-five pick
ers were made on the 23rd, inst,
when pay day came and general
rally Of the neighbOrs took place on
the scene of the recent activities.
Mr.. Fletcher gave party on the
occasion Of closing the work serv-
ms lemonade and cake and q good
dinner for all. Prizes were given
to the families represented in the
enterprise and first, second and
third prize TO the star pickers
which were respectively awarded TO
VIM. Markem's family N. Isaacs'
family and. F. Kerby and family.
Eleven galvanized pals were given
to as many families. ist prize was
a lantern, end prize, a lamp and 3rd,
a bag of candy.
More than 500 in cash was left in
the neighbOrhOod besides IS wOrth
Of prizes. The whole transaction
including cans and sundry expenses
amounted to $500 in round numbers.
The interest manifested by the cit
liens Of that vicinity in the indus
try was verified in a more substan-
tial way by Mr.. Nathan Pearson
who at the close of the rally bought
the entire canning outfit which he
will operate at his fruit farm near
Kirby Knob.
SO the interest grows as we &C
quire information how TO do things
and what was once loss is now gain.
Much credit is due Mr.. Fletcher
for this forward move.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

For the first time. as an expert
ment and the good that might be
done for the folks who live where
the blackberries go to waste annu-
ally. did Mr.. Fletcher venture TO ac-
cept an invitation from friends near
Kirby Knob, Jackson CO., in the
Powell settlement. to come with his
canning outfit and competent as
sistance from the student body for
a two weeks campaign in the
mountains.
The outfit was operated at the
home OF Elijah Stewart where the
berries Of an exceptionally good
quality as we'll as quantity covered
the surrounding hills. One of those
pure. cold mountain springs trick
led from beneath the nearby hill
from which the supply Of water
came for the canning.
The best Of coOpe ration on the
part Of the neighbors was obtained
in gathering the berries. Men. wo-
men and children got busy: sixteen
different families took an active
part in picking at &c per gallon.
More than 1000 gallons were gath
cred and canned in pint and gallon
cans. ready for market. The ques-
ton comes up. does il pay to take
care Of the berries in this way! Yes,
when We consider how they have
gone to waste all these years, the
natural fruit of the land and truly
His blessing to the people, and how
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

On Saturday. July %, nearly
thirty interested farmer seekers NJ.
ter truth and knowledge met at the
call Of Mr.. Montgomery on the Be-
rea College Experiment Farm near
Silver Greek church. Much has
been said about results on the four
acres plotted for experiment pur-
poses; but talking is not so con-
vincing as seeing so Mr.. Montgomery
invited all his farmer friends TO
look for and actually see results for
themselves: which those whose
names are below honorably men
TONED met him on the ground and
atientively listened for more than
an hour to his explanations OF just
how the experiments are made and
calling their attention TO visible re-
suits. Not theory any more with
those who want to do better farm
ing and land improving. Il is now
cut your fertilizer bill in two.
This is important and not difficult
to do when you know how. Nature
is willing to help the farmer do this
IL he cooperates. How about those
different tests Of fertilizers and the
use Of lime on the plots? Those
who were at the meeting Saturday
know about them. What do cowpeas
and soy-beans do for land that has
been thrown out as waste land?
This does not need a written
answer because the corresponding
results show what they will do If
Mr.. Farmer does his part. II is a
feast for eyes and soul TO look out
over the beautiful cOwpea field
that but recently was mess OF
briers and sassafras grubs. What
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
MEADOWS AND PASTURES
Continued

Timothy Is a hay rather than a
paslure grass, and as such is the
Reader and standard. II should be
used in all hay pastures on all soils
except the poorest. II is not n good
pasture grass, does not stand tramp
ing. but comes earlier and stays lat
or than Blue grass. and should be
sown in pasture mixtures.
Blue Grass is the chief pasture
grass on lime soils north Of North
Carolina and Tennessee. II makes
good sod in three years, and makes
good early and late pastures. II Is
best to SOW clovers and other grass
es with IL.
Red Top with timothy should be
the basis Of all meadow mixtures,
and with Blue Grass should he the
basis Of all pasture mixtures. II
grows on wet acid or thin soils
where timothy or Blue grass fail.
Orchard Grass makes good hay
with Red Glover. both ripening at
the same time. II ripens too early
for timothy or red top. For pas
ture IL is persistent and starts early
in the spring but is not as palatable
later on as Blue grass. II endures
heat. cold, and does better on thin
land than Timothy or Blue Grass.
Meadow Fescue makes n good sod
in three years and therefore is only
adapted to permanent meadows and
pastures. Except for this trait IL
has no advantage over Timothy or
Red Top for hay. Blue Grass can be
replaced by II on moist land.
Tall Dat Grass is adapted to poor
or sandy soils where other grasses
do not thrive. II is very early,
hardy and productive. but makes
hay Of an inferior quality and as a
pasture grass is lacking in palata-
bility. II ripens with Orchard
grass.
Perennial Rye Grass is used for
pastures but cannot compete with
strong grasses and mixtures. II is
hardy and grows fast on rich soil.
II can be used in the mixtures rec
commended
Red Clover should be sown with
all mixtures as indicated. For hay
II a.. its best about two weeks
ahea m"of timothy. ripening at the
same time as Orchard Grass. For
pastures IL is excellent. reseeding it.
self often IL not grazed too close.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

The last turnpike, or toll road. In
New England. or what is believed to
be the last one. has recently been abol-
ished. This u SIX miies OF mscadam
road In tho towns OF Peru and Win
hall. VI. For year, local protests were
unavailing in freeing the turnpike Of
It's toll gates. but when the road be-
came an important link In q popular
automobile route through the Green
mountains the protest bsousht about
state action. and the toll sates hsve
now been removed anA ths rad uAAds
FREE. II 10 only within the past four
ysas that toll roads have bssa sboi-
isAsa In Maryland and Psansylyanis,
tue nrst American turnpike. II y sail
ives tie fam0us oas bsswesa Phiis-
1siphia and Lancaster. The co0paay
for which, vss caAxeDss6 ID ~. -
slasssaoG NswA
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
by Prof Frank Montgomery Instructor in Animal
Husb.ndry and Special Investigator.
Mammoth or sapiing Clover is

Mammoth or Sapling Glover is
ranker in growth than Red Glover,
ripens with Timothy and Is the best
clover 10 SOW with II except on rich
soil where its growth is too heavy
and coarse. On damp soils II Is bet
ter than Red Glover.
Alsike Clover does not make as
much hay as other clovers but
stands more wet or acid soil and Is
valuable on such soils for hay or
pasture.
On "clover sick" soils where lime
does not correct the trouble substi-
tute Mammoth or Alsike for Red
Glover.
Do Fall Flowing Early
Are you going to sow wheat, rye,
or barley on stubble land that will
have To be turned? II so, the plow-
ing should be done at once. eight
inches deep il possible, and the
pillow followed Immediately with
harrow and drag or roller 10 smooth
and pack the ground to prevent dry
ing out. II should have at least one
more cultivation in August to keep
a dust on the surface TO hold mois-
iure. This will preserve fine,
deep. fairly packed seed bed in
which the grain can be sown some
time in September. Rye and bar
ley should be sown early in Sep
tember. and so should wheat ex-
cept for the fly, which makes il
generally advisable to wait until the
middle or latter part Of the month
for seeding.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30


available because of its broad social
and political significance. When each
state and county Is engaged as at pres
ent, In the reorganization Of its prison
system and In endea voring to do away
with crude methods Of torture. scien-
tific methods of successfully employ
ing the convicts with advantage to all
parties become of public interest.
The findings Of the investigation
show that the work performed BY the
convicts In the different states ranges
In velue from $3.50 to q. 20 day. with
q profit to the state by the use OF this
labor Of from 50 cents to @A.03 day.
In short. the contention Is well sus-
tained that there Ia q general and con-
siderable profit ut present going to the
state by the use Of convict labor for
road work over the cost by other meth
DDS Of construction. this saving being
quite independent Of locality and types
Of construction.
The prisoner himself dement's most
OF all by his work on the roads. The
healthful outdoor labor. the better food.
the incentive Of the honor system and.
above all. the wage, increasing In pro
portion to the profits Of the state. all
combine to make him better lifted to
re-enter society. The Investigation
proves conclusively that the building
OF good roads can be made a definite
factor in the upbuilding Of men.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
Care Of Roadsldss.

The care Of the roadsides in New
York state has been made the subject
Of special orders recently issued by
State Highway Commissioner John n.
Carlisle to the division engineers. A
law passed In 1911 makes II q INSIDE
meanor to remove. injure or destroy
miieboards, milestones. danger signs
or signals or guide signs or posts law
fully within public highways or to
place advertisements on stones. trees.
fences, stumps. boards or buildings
which are the property Of others with
out obtaining written consent OF the
owners VI to place such advertise
ments within the limits Of the public
highways. The same law authorizes
any one to remove or destroy signs 30
placed Commissioner Carlisle's or
ders call attention to this law and d.
rect the division engineers to have the
men in their divisions report to them
40 to conditions along the state and
county highways 50 that the division
engineers may issue such orders as
are necessary to compel compliance
with the law. The orders state that
while care should. Of course. be taken
to avoid mistakes by directing the re-
moval of legal signs the commissioners
wishes all possible steps taken In the
several divisions to see that the law Is
enforced.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
Costly Highways TO 30 Built
Only when Needed.
ECONOMY FOR LIGHT TRAVEL
Maesdsm and Other Types Of Espen-
sivs construetion Will Be Abandoned.
Brick and Concrete Roads Will Be
Made Near Large Cities.

Scarcely less important than the
brick road message Of Governor Glynn
Of New York Is the announcement of
the road policy adopted for this year
by Vermont. As explained by State
Highway Commissioner Charles W.
Gates at a recent meeting Of town
road commissioners. he Intends to use
the state appropriation OF about $3.50
600 in building trunk roads and to
spend funds amounting 10 more than
$4,000 derived from motor vehicles in
keeping the most travelled routes In re-
pair. He will abandon macadam and
other types OF expensive construction
and return to earth and gravel road
making on the less travelled highways.
These plans will have the approval
of automobiles who contemplate TAX
ing part In the national touring week
that is being promoted by the national
automobile chamber of commerce and
the American Automobile association.
The White mountains in New Hamp-
shire win be the objective point Of
hundreds OF touring parties that will
pass through Vermont during the week
ending July because OF the Chicago
and Boston run for the Glidden tro-
ply terminating at Boston on July 3
and the semiannual meeting Of the
American Automobile association at
Breton Woods on July 4.
Apart from the advantages Of Undue
ing automobile travel, which are well
known to New England highway COM
missiOners. the plan adopted by Yer
mont. together with determination to
build brick. concrete or other equally
durable roads near large cities, and
wherever else a large volume Of traffic
makes the cost Of maintaining macad-
am excessive, Is generally considered a
sound. economic policy. Any state can
gradually get permanent roads to car
~ its heaviest trafic without mourning
any additional expense or curtailing
the mileage Of road improvement by
combining the policies advocated by
the two states.
For every mile Of gravel road that
is made instead Of macadam. the state
can build one mile Of concrete road In
stead Of macadam without the COM
bined cost exceeding that Of two miles
Of macadam or stone road. Gravel
roads, costing from $1,000 to 5000
mile. will meet the demands Of the
farmers and automobile tourists, and
concrete or brick roads. costing from
$4,000 to $4,000 a mile will be a
boon to all users of heavy teams. mo-
tor trucks and passenger vehicles and
to property owners.
Gravel, brick and concrete roads cost
much less to keep in repair than mac
adam roads. so the adoption Of this
policy would result In an annual saw
ing Of several hundred dollars a mile
over the all macadam system.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
GOOD ROADS.

Good roads are like other good
things. II takes time and ex-
pense to keep them up, but. with
the proper care Of them. after
they have been properly con-
structed the cost will be nominal,
but II they are neglected they
will soon give trouble and be-
come costly to maintain. The
thing to do IL always TO keep the
roads In first class condition.
Dirt roads would be less expen-
sive and more satisfactory II they
were kept In good condition by
the use Of the split log drag.
But there are some who do not
want even good dirt roads IL
they must devote their time to
keeping them up. There are few
Of these. but there are many who
are careless about road working.
which. II properly done, means
road keeping. IL takes time and
money to have good roads of any
kind, but the money spent on
them Is an investment which
) pays large dividends in savings
on cost Of transportation Of
products, on vehicles. harness
and above all. comfort and hap
piness. Why not secure these
dividends? They are everywhere
! to be had for the asking.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
os.a Rs.ds Ia W.shinsssn.

About $i.0Oo.000 Is being expended In
the state Of Washington for highway
construction and maintenance. II IL
estimated that 800 men and 17o teams
are employed In this work. and. &C
cording to a statement by state High
way Commissioner Roy. the number Of
men employed will soon reach 1000,
exclusive OF contractors, superintend-
snts and engineers assigned TO the
work BY the state highway department.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
OSr~s Clay Fer Highways.

burnt clay for surfacing highways
ID Iswa has bssa propossd By the
stassf h1ghway co6imission. II V sisted
that burnt clay has been used In Q
nambss oe ceun6ss In The state with
satisfactory results. Tue establish
msos e Q paaAt ct Fort Madison for
ne burning q clay has bssn proposed.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
CANNED
A Record Breaker

$50 gallons peaches canned Sat-
urday, July 25, by the Berea College
Garden Department. Twenty-Five
ladies. five men and boys had hands
in the days work.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

must bow before the splendid gifts
of bountiful Nature, and confess
that God is gloriOusly good to this
nation-Christian Herald.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30
NOTES

Begin now TO plan for good
bunch Of early pigs next spring to
hog down at least part Of your
wheat or rye. You can realize
about 800 per bushel for the grain,
save all expense OF harvesting and
marketing and maintain soil fer
tiIity easily.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

Don't neglect TO plan for rye this
fall. You will need winter and
early spring pasture.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

Don't sell your wheat at 75c per
bu. Soak II and feed il to hogs and
realize at least 500 per bu.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-07-30

Cowpea hay does not keep in
stacks unless covered with some
kind Of grass hay. Better plan now
while work is not pressing to build
a hay barn or shed.
The daily sentinel., 1914-02-03
IN THE FEMININE. DEMAND FOR SMART
NESS HIP DRAPERIES HOLD FIRST PLACE

taffetas. a soft green with the line of
white: the tucker is of cream colored
net. and the crush velvet girdle has n
Roman stripe.
This costume may be copied in size
S6 with 5A yards of 36 inch taffetas.
averaging in price sl.25 yard.
The costume shown in SlS7-S190
shows the effectiveness of plain cot
ton duvetyn combined with one of the
new checked novelty cottons. The coat
tS1S7) is terra Gotta color. and the
skirt shows a plaid Of the same color
in darker tones.
Cotton duvetyn averages AZ inches in
width and comes from Sl.25 yard up.
The checked cottons range in width
from 81 to 45 inches and in price from
45 cents up.
This costume may be copied in size
| sc with yards of sc inch material for
the coat tslS7) and 37s yards OF the
| same width for the skirt (S190).
No S202-sizes "a to AZ
No Sl9o-sizes % to 80.
No. SlST-sizes "a to AZ.
Each pattern Is cents.