davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
ASK HOLIDAY FOR THAw

CHICAGO, oct 2S.-Petitlons addressed
to President Wilson, asking that Harry
K. Thaw be permitted to visit his mother
during the Christmas holidays, are being
circulated In Chicago and other cities
The petitions say that public sentiment
Is aroused at present TO the opportunity
TO request the immediate. impartial and
deliberate consideration Of the freedom
OF one Harry X. Thaw, whom we be-
lieve 10 punish further would be un-
just"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
BIRDS AS INSECT DESTROYER
Biological Survey Shows They Are
Friends of Farmer.

Friends of Farmer.
The United States Biological Survey has
recently conducted an investigation to
determine the value OF birds as insect
destroyers and made some startling dis
coverles, says the Mckinney Courier
Gazette.
A tree swallows stomach was found to
contain 40 entire chinch bugs and frag-
ments OF many others. besides other spe-
cies of insects, A bank swallow In Texas
devoured 6s cotton boil weevils. Thirty
five cliff swallows had taken an average
OF IS boil weeyils each.
Two stomachs OF pine siskins from
Haywards, Cal, contained 900 black olive
scales and 5000 plant lice. A killdeers
stomach taken In November contained
over 300 mosquito larvae. A flickers
stomach held rs white grubs. A night
hawks stomach collected in Kentucky
contained "a beetles, the adult form of
white gTuhs. Another nlghthawk from
New York had eaten "a clover leaf weev-
is and 375 ants
Still another night hawk had eaten $40
grasshoppeTs, ~ bugs. 3 beetles, Wasps
and a spider A boattailed grackle had
eaten at one meal about 100 cotton bon
worms besides a few other insects. A
ring -necked pheasant's crop from Wash
ington contained 5000 seeds OF chiekWeed
and dandelion heads
Many other birds are very valuable in
bringing about the destruction of insects
and the seeds of noXious weeds, includ-
ing a number OF those on whom the
sportsman relies for pleasant times in
season. SentiIent is growing steadily
against the unnecessary slaughter OF the
innocent winged friends OF humanity.
and the day is probably not far distant
when II will become an obsolete custom
and be discontinued entirely.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
MONTE CRISTO ISLE
NOW PRTSON.HOU
OF TEUTON CAPTTVES
Dungeons of Chateau diff
Not So Fearsome as De-
picted by Dumas, War
Prisoners Find.

Everybody who has read Monte
the Chateau d'If, the fearsome prison
from which Dumas sailor hero, Edmond
Dantes, escaped in a sack after having
taken the place therein Of his fellow
prisoner and counselor, the Abbe F'aria.
Such Dumas lovers, accordingly, may
be interested to hear that the Chateau
dIf, which stands, of course, on an Island
in Marselles harbor and was a fortress
before 1t became a prison, Is, owing to
the war, once more In use as a place of
detention after having been for many
years a showplace.
'I have just steamed round It." writes
a correspondent, land espied several mel
ancholy black figures In French uniforms
ON the battlements. They were guarding
German prisoners. Outside the door of
the central fort were three monks, and
along the winding path to the landing
stage was a thick dark coil of prisoners
In the offing was a red French ship talk
ing up a fresh batch of prisoners from
n small beat for conveyance to Algiers
1t was silent, gloomy picture, but no
one could tell me whether the famous
old dungeons are still being used'
1t was from a dungeon of the Chateau
diff, of course, that Edmond Dantes
made his escape, after having Ian
gulshed within it's walls 10 years. How
Dantes and the mad" Able Faria man.
aged to communicate with each other by
means of a tunnel dug between their
cells. how the abbe told his young pro-
tege of the treasure of Monte Cristo and
how the latter, encased in his sack
finally was thrown into the sea from
the ramparts of the chateau with 30
pound shot tied to his feet-all this is
too familiar story to need to be re-
called. Visitors to the chateau. by the
way, are always shown Edmond Dante's
dungeon" and Faria's, too, despite the
fact that no such persons ever existed
AS a fact, the stage version of Monte
Cristo' played so many times by actors
the world over is a poor thing. indeed
compared with Dumas masterpiece
which the late Lord Salisbury, It Is said
used to keep under his pillow. In the
play all the relationships of the novel
are mixed up in a fashion calculated to
make Dumas turn in his grave, while
as for the famous phrase of the play,
"The world is mine" 1t is not to be
found in the novel at all. 1t was stated
once that Henry Hamilton, the English
dramatist proposed to make a really
worthy dramatization of Monte Cristo"
for the late Kyrle Bellew, but evidently
the project was abandoned. AS q mat
ter of fact. few works of fiction would
be more difficult to dramatize adequately.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
REFUGEES, FEARING
REPRISAE, WON'T GO
BACK TO ANTWERP
Belgian Editor Says Fate of
Liege, Louvain and Aer-
schot Is Too Fresh in Minds
of People.
LONDON. Oct. %,

bONDON, OCI. Go'
Belgian refugees from Antwerp will
never return in any numbers as long as
the Germans possess the city and the
war continues. according to Ernest Hen
rion, editor Of the Antwerp Matin, who
is now in London.
THAT the Germans are feared is shown
by the firmly expressed intention OF the
Belgians in both Holland and England
not to go back to their city" says Mr..
Henrion.
when we go back n drunken soldier
will shout man hat geschossen," and we
shall see q repetition of Liege, Louvain
and Aerschot
1.-THE population had for many years
given the Germans most cordial recep-
ton. Antwerp was looked upon as a
German town par excellence situated be-
wound the frontier of the empire OF the
Kaiser. We had confidence in the Ger
mans until the sudden invasion by them
in the early part of August plunged the
population into n rage which found eX-
preston in Antwerp in the sacking of
all German cafes and places of business.
Then the bombaTdment commenced
and the taking OF the town seemed I'M
minent. The question in the minds Of
all was to what extent would the Ger
mans avenge themselves on those whom
they had thought their friends and who
had now become the most bitter of their
enemies. 1t was this fear of German
reprisal which caused the sudden and
general exodus"
THE HAGUE. Oct 2s-The Govern
ment of Holland has asked Parliament
to appropriate 100000 guilders for the
maintenance of the refugees from Bel
borders.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
ARMED U. S. GUARDS WATCH
MARCONl WIRELESS PLANTS
Detectives at Work on Alleged Ger
man Conspiracy.

NEW YORK, Oot 2s.-Fourteen armed
men, including Deputy United States mar
shals. United States Treasury agents and
men from the New York Navy Yard, to-
day are guarding the wireless telegraph
stations at Sayville. L. l., and Tuckerton.
\, j.. from the activity OF alleged German
spies and secret agents.
United States Secret Service operators
are working in Hoboken 70 uncover what
lie believed 10 be conspiracy TO thwaTt
President Wilson'S order OF strict neu-
trallty, and particularly tho Govern
ment's orders that those stations, each
OF which Is powerful enough TO communi-
cate directly with Berlin, shall not be
used In violation OF this country's neu-
trality In the European war.
The killing OF four Germans in mys-
terious automobile accident at Hemp
stead. L. l.. when they were on their
way 10 the Sayville station. caused the
Government 10 protect the stations.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
PARIS WILLING TO
LET AMERICA MAKE
STYLES THIS YEAR
French Women Have No
Time to Think About
Fashions Just Now, and
for Once Don't Care Who
Fixes Them.
By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMS

PARIS oct. 2S.-This year there will
be no Paris styles. Paris, mistress OF
the worlds fashions, is thinking of other
things, Most of the famous dressmaking
establishments are closed, and employees
are making bandages for the wounded
War, the great leveler, has taken the
coquetry out of the women of Europe war
has frightened the rich Americans away;
some of the men who designed milady's
dresses are now company cooks, midi
nettes are making winter underwear for
the soldiers, and the duchess-like models
and salesladles are Red Cross nurses.
In the fashion-creating quarter of Paris
the steel shutters are drawn. The Rue
de la Paix is we'll named: II is pre-emi-
nently a street of peace.
asked the premiere" OF a closed Rue
de la Paix dTessmaking establishment
what effect the war would have on styles.
1T won't have any," she said, for the
very simple reason that there won't be
any styles. Under present conditions
how can there be any styles?
Famine pestilence, ire and flood may
not be able to take away the desire 10
look charming-yanity, II you prefer
from modern woman. but this war has
done Il.
It's because women are thinking OF
other things. Oh, we'd be only too glad
to keep the shops going If we could DO
at the beginning of the war for nothing? E?
When their men left for the war wom-
en- cancelled orders They began to think
of less selfish things"
There are few people in Europe whose
families are not directly interested in
the war by having member on the firing
line. These few are financially hit and
must go slow with expenses"
And your foreign trader
ssYonr American women are chief
foreign customers, and they are not like
ly to do much shopping In Paris this win
ter. South Americans are good custom-
ers; they have fitted too.
Now is Americas chance to try her
hand This season We are not going 70
set the style; We have other occupations;
we don't care who sets them.
Your American women are good dress
ers and have taste-a taste more like a
Frenchwoman than the women OF any
other country. perhaps, possess. But"
here she smiled. but she has whims; and
one Of her pet whims is that no hat and
no gown Is pretty or stylish unless II Is
made In Paris and as she has the money
TO crafty her whims she will get along
with homemade variety until the war
Is over and then she VIII come back 10
US and make up for lost time
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
SLAUGHTER CAUSES
GERMAN OFFICERS
TO DROP SWORDS
Traditional Badge of Rank
Serves to Concentrate Fire
of Enemy, Sad Experience
Shows.
By KARL H. Won wIEGAND

AtN-LA-CHAPELLE, Oct. rs. Ger
man officers are throwing away their
swords. They have found them useless
In modern warfare. The high percentage
Of fallen officers on the German side is
being attributed to the carrying of the
weapon which marks them as officers
and makes them targets for concentrated
fire.
Discarded long ago by American army
officers, except as an ornament for dress
parade, Germans have clung tenaciously
to the sword as the traditional badge
Of an officer, Wounded men have told
me that hundreds have paid for 1t with
their lives in the battles on the French
front.
1T is all very nice and grand to lead
your company in storm upon the en-
emy with sword in hand. but It marks
you for DEATH" said a major to me.
We have paid heavy toll to the sword
so far as the infantry is concerned
When the charge is sounded, the officers
Of company spring forward with flash
Ing blade in hand to lead their men.
The sleam of the sword marks them as
officers and the enemy Immediately con-
contrates his fire upon them. That is
why so many officers have fallen.
Everything else has been done to make
the officer as inconspicuous and ind!s-
tinguishable from the men as possible.
except the carrying OF swords.
'Ottlcers at the front now leave their
sWo DIS IN their quarters Many of them
now take a rife in charging. It answers
the double purpose of not marking them
as special targets and of really being
useful Several times have seen officers
throw away their swords and pick up the
rife Of a fallen soldier during a battle
The present war, I believe. marks the
passing of the sword on the battlefield so
far as officers of infantry are concerned" ="
Although the sword has proven useless
for infantry officers, the lance, which
armies Of the world have largely dis
carded, is declared to be most effective
as a weapon for cavalry. The Germans
have clung to the lance for their cavalry,
and officers declare that again and again,
In the lighting in Belgium, the lance has
proven the weapon which spreads terror.
The officers say that in charges the ever
moving lance and tiuttering peDnons con-
fuse the eye and aim OF the enemy
Where the charge Is made on the enemy's
savalry the Germans with their lances
have the advantage of long reach, and
can thrust their opponents through be-
fore they have a chance of using the
sword.
Formerly only Uhlans carried Iances.
but practically the entire German cavalry
has now been equipped with them. That
explains why one never reads or hears
Of any other cavalry patrols in Belgium
except "Uhlans." IL is said that even
the cavalry officers, recognizing the
psychological effect OF the lance, and the
fact that IL is better weapon than the
sword. have added the lance 10 their
equipment consisting OF a sword and
pistol.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
WIFE TESTTFTES
HUSBAND PLACED
HER IN ASYLUM
Physician Accused of Con-
spiracy With Two Other
Practitioners in Subtle
Loved atient, Woman
Ayers.

NEW YORK. Oct. 2S.--CharEing that her
husband DR.. Sias 7. Beebe conspired
with two other physicians OF Queens
County to place her IN an insane asylum
because he had fallen in love with an
other woman, Mrs Mary Z. Beebe, of
12 Elm street, Flushing, testified In the
Supreme Court in Queens yesterday at
the opening of her suit for separation.
Rllmony and the right to the home in
Flushing.
Doctor Beebe was at one time head OF
the therapeutic department Of Cornell
University. Two days after the birth of
her youngest son, In May 1911, testified
Mrs. Beebe, her husband told her OF his
love for one OF his woman patients. and
said also that his love was rcciprocated.
Mrs Beebe asked the doctor, she said.
why he had not given her an overdose
of chloroform while she was III and thus
saved her the misery of hearing his con-
fession.
For more than month, she testified
she was confined in the Long Island
Home in Amityville. Her husband then
called at the sanatorum and took her
away on condition that she live with
her sister in South Dakota. 4 year ago
she returned to this city and entered
suit against Doctor Beebe for more than
s2OOO. alleged to have been due her.
The suit was dropped when Doctor
Beebe agreed to pay her S5pN annually.
Mrs. Beebe, in her present action for
separation, alleges that the Doctor has
not kept this agreement.
Mrs Beebe has pending suits for $25, 900
each against DR.. Archer w Jaeger and
Or. Johnston Macleod, who, she says,
adjudged her mentally incompetent and
ordered her to he committed to the
Amityville home without subjecting her
to examination.
Mrs. Beebe testified she agreed to for
give her husband If he would forget the
other attachment. The next day, she
said. he informed her that there was no
other woman. He had been worrying
about Mrs. Beebe, he said. who would
have to go to a sanatorium.
When Mrs. Feeble asked him why, he
told her there was something wrong with
her mind. She protested, she said, but
on the following day Drs. Jaeger and
Macleod called with n nurse and said
they were ready to take her to the sana-
torium.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
U. S. BUILDS HUGE
SEA FORTS DESPITE
SUBMARINE MENACE
Naval Constructors Design
Two New Battleships
Which Will Lick Crea-
tion," but Provide No In
crease in Speed.

LONDON, Oct. 2S.-Neither words nor
acts have convinced the naval authorities
OF the United States that the submarine
has doomed the battleship TO eXt!nctlon
nor do they agree with those who would
warn the nations against putting too
many eggs in one basket" In their opin-
lon the great battleship still holds the
seas as the supreme arbi.er Of the des-
tiny OF maritime powers, This after two
months of naval warfare, during the
course OF which the submarine has
achieved no slight success
The work which the British navy is
doing-and hopes 10 do-in Calculating
naval problems leaves the Americans
cold. Orders have been placed for two
battleships, Just as though the subma-
rine had never been heard Of
II was anticipated that the placing OF
the contracts would be delayed until the
constructors now in Europe studying
naval events-or rather awaiting naval
events really worth study-had gained
all the information obtainabIe on matters
or design. Not at all. The naval author
tiles have decided 10 forge ahead and put
In hand at once the building Of all three
batteships for which they have received
authority; the third Is 10 be laid down
in government yard.
But even more remarkable than this
decision is the fact that the new battle
ships are TO lick creation" in size and
power, but not in speed They Will dis
place something approaching twice the
amount OF water of our original dread
nought completed only eight years ago.
The tonnage OF each OF these nastodons
will be no less than g., ,oOO whereas our
name ship OF the new era was Of only
800 tons This one comparison will con-
vey some idea OF what American naval
officers think OF the arguments advanced
In favor of ships OF moderate dimen-
sions." They have built battlesh!ps small
and battleships big, and they declare:
give US battleships bigger submarine
OF no submarine"
The increase In displacement on the
0ther side Of the Atlantic has far out
stripped anything that our own naval
authorities, who have the credit N in
Producing the dreadnought- have pro-
posed. IL was only by sheer good fortune
that We got the first dTeadn0ught ahoat
The Americans had realized the develop
ment was inevitable. had had a design
prepared and were waiting for Congress
TO say Yes" when Lord Fisher sailed
In. laid down four ships built them VITA
great secrecy, and thus obtained a lead
which we have never lost
The upward movement Of displacement
on the other side OF the Atlantic has in
deed, been very remarkable, as follows
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
EXPLOSION SHAKES HOSPITAL
Naphtha Blast Wrecks Store and In
lures Two Men.

NEW YORK, Oct, 2s.-Searly every
window IN the Manhattan Eye, Ear and
Throat Hospital was shattered last night
hy an explosion IN the cleaning estab-
Eshment OF Leonard s. Mack and Isaac
Diamond, doing business under the name
OF "Leney," AT 2l5 East 54th street, op-
rosIte the hospital,
The explosion, said TO have been caused
by naphtha. injured the two partners
and completely wrecked the two-story
building.
In the hospital we're 1H patients Every
window iu the front of the hospital,
where are the laboratories and Offices,
was broken. and many of the rear
windows, in the rooms Of patients, were
also shattered. The building is seven
story structure,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
cARRANzA MEN PLAN ATTACK
Hill Prepares Movement to Drive
Maytorena to Nogales.

NACo, Ariz,, Oct. 2S.-General BENJAMIN
Hill, commander of the Carranza garrison
defending Naco, Mexico, continues to
strengthen his defenses preparatory to
assuming an offensive movement to drive
Governor Maytorena, the villa supporter,
back to Nogales. Hill has received n new
Hotchkiss one-pounder rapid-flre gun.
and expects additional arms and am
muntion to arrive from the United States
at any time.
General Hill has issued a signed state
ment to the American press repudiating n
dispatch sent from Douglas, Arlz., stat
ing he had established a censorship over
news sent regarding the movements Of
his troops. He also expressed his gratitude
to the newspapers.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
ORIGIN OF UNION JACK

Com btnat1on or the CroSSeS OF SC.
George, st. Andrew and st. Patrick.
LONDON, Oct. 2s.-Six well-known
politicians at dinner were discussing the
Union Jack Questions arose as to how
1t is composed, etc, etc. Only two of
the well-known politicians knew any
thing about its history 1t Is to clear
away ignorance on this subject that the
following is given.
In the first place, It should be ex-
planned that the name, Union Jack"
is more often than not wrongly applied.
That name really belongs to n minia-
ture union flag displayed from staff
at the end OF the bowsprit of his Ma
iesty's ships, and known for many years
past as a jack; whence the name of
Union Jack" which has come to be
wrongly applied to the larger as well
as the smaller Union Flag. the correct
name when displayed otherwise than on
his Majestys ships. The Jack properly
so-called, is never flown on shore.
Until the fifteenth century. England.
Scotland and Ireland had separate flags.
The English flag consisted of the Red
Cross of st. George on q white ground,
that of Scotland the white diagonal
cross of St. Andrew on a blue ground,
and that of Ireland the red diagonal
cross OF st. Patrick. also on a white
flag. and 1t is from a combination of
these three flags that we get the Union
Jack"
II was James I who first began the
formation of the Union Jack, by COM
bining the crosses of ST. George and st.
Andrew. He laid the cross OF st, George
on the cross OF st. Andrew, and thus
formed the Union Jack, which was the
national flag for 900 years.
1t was after the Union OF 1901 that
the cross OF st. Patrick was added,
though in this case the diagonal red
stripes were narrowed down in order
that they should not obliterate the white
stripes OF st. Andrews cross.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28

Possibly the most remarkable feature of
the new battleships-w Will closely
resemble the Pennsylvania and her sister,
row on the stocks-is that IN spite Of the
doubling OF the displacement, there has
been little or no advance In speed; f;
though triple expansion engines have
been displaced by turbines, the rate ot
steaming OF the newest ships Is Calcu-
lated 10 be about p knots only II the
naval war has proyed-Or seemed 10 prove
.-one thing more than another IL Is that
the defense OF the big ship against sub
marines lies in speed, speed, speed. And
yet the United States, though IL Is build
ing the most colossal battleships IN the
world. remains satisfied with a rate Of
steaming not very much greater than
that Of the newest and best-equipped
underwater craft.
These two new battleships when COM
pLete With stores and ammunition and
ready Tor commissions. will represent an
expenditure Of Sl5.O00.O00 each.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
EUROPE LONG INHABITED
Professor Geikie Writes Men Have
Lived There 10000 Years.

In his recent work The Antiquity Of
Man IN Europe" Prof ]. Geiide, OF
Edinburgh University, declares his be-
lief that man has inhabited Europe be-
tween OO0 and 800 90 years
All such estimates are based on geo
logical facts-such as the rate at which
sediment Is deposited or at which
stalaZmites Erow-that are very hard 70
determine with any accuracy, but no
one now doubts that man Is far older
than men OF science originally supposed
him 10 be.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-28
AID FOR MAYNARD GIRLS
Bureau in Los Angeles Under Super

Bureau in Los Angeles Under Super
vision of "City Mother"
Los ANGELES, Oct. 2S.-With the two
fold object of simplifying the control OF
wayward girls and of restoring them to
their homes, a municipal Confidential Bu-
reau for Girls was established here today
in quarters far removed from any possible
connection with the police department
and the usual detention homes.
Under the supervision of "City Mother"
Aletha Gilbert, former policewoman. the
bureau has the aid OF a board composed
of society women. social rescue workers,
and women inclined TO phlanthroplc
work. The bureau is an innovation in
police work among girls. and police Off
cials predict the rapid spread OF the idea
TO other cities.