Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-07-03
CHAMBERLAIN DIES
Of HEART ATTACK
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Continued from First Page)
lliberal-unionist party. and as the minister
whose policy in South Africa involved his
country in the greatest war it has e1.
perienced since the Crimean conflict, but
blotted out the two Boer republics and
made South Africa "all red"
Advocate Of Constructive Legislation
From the day he left University College,
London to enter his fathers screw fac
tory at Birmingham. Joseph Chamberlain
devoted his best energies to the principle
Of constructive reform" It was In 1858.
just thirty-two years after his birth In
London, that he received his baptism Of
public life as town councillor OF Bfrm1ng-
nam, later serving as mayor for success
sive terms. He gave his whole time TO
the cause OF municipal reform, and what
had been previously one Of the worst gov
erned cities in England became a model
for municipal reformers.
In 1876 he entered parliament, being
elected without opposition as a liberal
from Birmingham. In his early years
in the commons he sat among the home
rule liberals, with whose aspirations he
was supposed to sympathfze, but a. few
years later he emphatically disabused his
may have had Of his belief in separate
government for Ireland.
In less than four years he was a cabinet
minister. entering Gladstone's government
in 1880. as president Of the board of
trade. and In less than a decade his hold
on popular opinion was almost as great
as Gladstone's.
After the general election of 1885 he be-
came president Of the local government
board, but by the spring Of 1885 his and
Gladstone's relations on the latter's Irish
policy had become SO strained that he
broke with the great premier, resigned his
place IN the cabinet and left the liberal
party never toreturn to 1t.
He. Lord Harrington (afterward the
Duke of Devonshire), G. ]. Goschen and
others high in the liberal party, who saw
in their former leaders home rule pro-
posals and propaganda a menace to the
party to resist them They called them
selves liberal unionists and anti-home
rule was. In the beginning their main
tenet. Lord Harrington was the first
leader. but when he was elevated to the
peerage through the death of his father
chief
Meanwhile Mr.. Chamberlain had visited
the United States. November. 1887, to
February. 1855. as the head Of the Brit
British joint high commission which was
to negotiate a treaty for the settlement
OF the long standing fisheries dispute.
A treaty was signed, but the United
states Senate refused to ratify it.
Marries an American Woman.
Late in 1888 Mr.. Chamberlain returned
to the United States, this time to be
married Having been twice a widower,
he took as his third wife Miss Mary
Endicott. daughter of William c. Endi-
colt, President Cleveland's Secretary Of
War.
During the campaign of 1892 Mr. Cham
berlain worked with great effect, and
subsequently in the commons he was to
the forefront in all the assaults on the
Irish government bill, and clashed with
Mr.. Gladstone The home rulers con-
sidered him renegade, and this rank
~ ing n;,.. ne n aggravated by his rasping
night in July. 1888 Mr.. Gladstone tart
ly compared him with the DEVILS advo-
cate" The next night, in debate, Mr..
Chamberlin retorted SO caustically that
T. P. OConnor yelled at him Judas!
Judas" followed presently by a free
fight on the floor between several mem
bers-a rare outbreak in probably the
most staid legislative body in the world
accompanied by vigorous kissing by
the galleries.
and long aquline nose cloth the delight
OF the English caricaturists); the keen
head and the forceful tongue: the fault
lessly fashionable attire topped off in
variably with a white orchid in the coat
lapel, was now a commanding figure at
Westminster On the formation of the
calition conservative and unionist( min
istry in 1895 he took office under Lord
Salisbury as colonial secretary.
In this position his remarkable powers
R-I1
the chain of strenuous events beginning
with Jameson's harebrained raid, and
ending when Lord Kitchener had worn
down the stubborn Boer resistance, with
the treaty Of Vereeniging-but he stood
the test. His enemies. too. savagely as
Rand gold-mine owners. and his course
toward the Afrikanders was a leading
issue in the campaign of 1900 and during
1901. But he was the object OF great
popular demonstrations before his visit
to South Africa late in 1902 on mission
Of Cancellation and observation, and also
on his return early In 1908.
The war and the elections over. he set
himself the task OF fostering the rela-
tons between the mother country and the
tralian commonwealth was one Of his
productions.
Launches New Fiscal Scheme.
Just before his sixty seventh birthday
Chamberlain launched his scheme Of fis-
cal reform. which partly succeeded in
splitting the unionist party. 1t was in
May and at Birmingham that he an
nounced his new policy. and finding in
September that his party was not ready
for SO radical a change, he resigned to
devote himself to popularizing his doc
trines. He fought the cause with a
genius, eloquence. energy and organiza-
ton never equaled in any previous mo-
ment in his career. but his party wavered
and went down to defeat in the election
of 1906 The one bright spot for the
unionist party during those dark days
was Birmingham and vicinity, where
Chamberlain carried his candidates to
victory.
GRANTS RICHEST FOR THE