davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
DYNAMITE AND GUNPOWDER

upon the gym in giving the initial velocity
to projectile is Still at the stage oil
investigation. Experiments even in this
heyday of military perfection are being
made with the gunpowder gains in re-
gard to their density and hardness and
The mechanical condition O. the exterior
that is, whether they have glazed sur
faces or roueh-to see e results may be
reached by different ends.
In 1874 an advance was made in the
use Of gunpowder by modifying the car
bon ingredient in the mixture. BY re-
placing one-third OF it BY uncarbonized
gave a higher initial velocity with less
smoke than any of the older grades.
This was due to the slower rate Of burn
ing, which was also effective in sustain
cocoa powder was introduced and attract
ed wide attention. because it tended to
euualize the pressure throughout the bore
Of the gun.
dients in the gunpowder mixture until
recently, when ammonium nitrate BEGAN
to be added instead of saltpeter. This
gave the smokeless powde-. much desired
in modern methods of warfare.
Dynamite. inestimably more powerful
than gunpowder. is formed by soaking a
solid absorbent substance with nitro
ElyCer1n. Inc pest aDSOTDeIll IldtSildA
is found at Hanover, Germany. and Is
known as .kieseleuhr." When dr'ed 1T Is
white powder and is said to safely re-
tain more than three times its own
weight Of nitroglycerin.
During the siege Of Paris in 1870 eff
forts were made to discover 4 suitable
substitute for this German material.
Finally. residue from the gas works
was adopted which would take up and
retain q little more than its own weight
of nitrogly GERM. Other mater.a.s have
been used, Oh which a kind of chare GAL
has been patented. which will no d nine
times its weight of the deadly liquid and
even resist wetting.
Dynamite made from kieseiguhr has the
possesses most of the vircues of parent
to itself OF these the chef are eNemp-
ton from liability to spontaneous ex-
plos!on and to detonation or instan ane-
Gus combustion from moderate shocks.
Kieselguhr possesses another advantage
over raw n!trog ycerin. If kept in state
of loose powder without compression into
cartridges or sticks, it may be exposed to
natural temperature without losing its
explosive properties. In the form of COM
pr essed cartridges 1t Is as ineXploslve,
when thoroughly frozen. as nitroglycerin
Itself.
Dynamite possesses another merit. BY
modifying its ingredients in certain per-
centages a control may be exerted over
the quickness Of its action and CLASSIC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
6ApIN "a YToENesH B0Ys W GA11P

ing that out Of Engiand's 5000, 900 boys
few mere than quarter of a m ion were
enabled to have proper care and training
began to think seriously Of trying to be
OF aid. Mere money had been tried be-
fore in various "uplift" endeavors. There
must be something new. Thompson Seton,
the writer of anima'S' haunts and habits,
had seen the necessity for the same thing
IN America and re had been exper ment-
ing He had called the groups lads he
had gathered together and trained in
woods lore THE Woodcraft Indians" Dan
Beard. then an editor, evolved another
society ca led THE Sons Of Daniel
Boone" afterward 1.-THE Boy Pioneers
OF America"
1t is really difficult to pin the hadee ~
homer for first thinking of the scheme
upon any one man. but 1t was Gen.
Baden-Powell who. with fine exrer ence
es constructionist set about the prac-
teal plans Of the Boy Scout movement.
He had shortly before the organization
was conceived. published a text book en-
the subject of scouting for soldiers This
book was utilized by various boys clubs
and private schools with a surprising de-
gree CT interest. SO its author was en-
couraged to devise some wide-reaching
plan for all boys, whether belonging to
clubs, going to private SHOES or living
lonely farm. The general colonel of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

was expected to speak that evening.
The senator went up to the desk and
asked the clerk If Mr.. Bryan were stop
ping there. The man replied that no one
or that name was a guest In the place.
II mean William Jennings Bryan" ex-
plaired the senator.
There isn't any one here by that
name. exclaimed the clerk. as he ran
his forefnger down the register. land
I don't harpen to know the gentleman
But as he might be sitting around In the
lobby. can have him PACED for YOU"
Pittman gave up the quest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

IN elect!oneering. One day she met a
countryman who was immova BILE In his
determination to vote for the democratic
candidate against Langley.
My dear madam" he said. taking off
his straw Id in a sweeping bow. IT was
born democrat and riz a democrat, and
l don't see how l can possibly bring
myself to vote against one for a repub-
lican'
oh that's nothing" laughed Mrs.
Langley, Il was born a democrat, too,
but If can stand marrying a republi-
can ! guess you can stand voting for
one.'
And it is needless TO say he did.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

nervous wife who shook him vigor-
ously.
Get up. John" she whispered in a
quaking voice. Get up and get your
pistol! There are burglars In the
housed"
The member. half awake, caught only
the last part of the sentence.
Mot muchv' he snorted disdainfully
as ne turned over for another beauty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
Saving With Straw.

Judge W. A.
Watson, one of
Virginia's n e W
epr e s entativeS,
lives in a town
called by the
unique name of
Jennings Ordi-
nary" This odd
title Is derived
from the fact that
in colonial days it
was customary to
call a tavern or
inn an ordinary"
when procuring a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
"Thieves in the House,"
Representative

representative
Walter NJ. Chand-
Ter of New York,
who is serving his
first term as a
member, Is an ar
dent Bull Mooser.
He tells a story
which he heard
the other day
about a fellow
member, a mar
ried man. This
statesman was one
night awakened
about 2 o'clock by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
Can It Be?

S e n a tor Key
P!ttman Of Nevada
h a 8 experienced
In his short life
about as many ro-
mantle adventures
as falls to the lot
of man. Pitman
is granddaughter
of Francis Scott
Key. and selected
Mississippi for his
birthplace. Later
In life he struck
about as far north
as men care to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
Love-.

sI Owe is an overrated passion saia
- an essayist and critic, at a dinner
at the Players. Club in New York
"A fat. bow-legged clerk of middle aga.
earning SIS a week meets q beautiful
girl, a peerlessly beautiful girl, q girl
for whom he we'll knows there's nothing
good enough-and he confidently offers
her himself"
The critics eyes twinhled behind his
pince-nez. $50.
and that" he said, 'is love" 4.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
UnansWerabIe.
Representative

Representative
]. W. Langley Of
Kentucky is a re-
publican. but he
m a rri g d the
daughter Of J. M.
Gudger Of North
Carolina. a rock
ribbed democrat.
Now Mrs. Lang
ley went on her
husbands c a m =
paigns with him,
and her gracious
ways were of
great assistance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

OW great a part
will the Boy Scouts
Of the world pay
in the great war OF
nations staged in
Europe?
That they Will
play some part has
been demonstrated
already. Hardly
had the Germans
invaded Belgium
than there came
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

WAR, some one has said. Is a great
w educator. This is true because
it familiarizes people with I'M
known places and new practices OF
warfare. At the present time aero
planes and wireless telegraphy are the
practical wonders Of the war world.
While both gunpowder and dynamite
are explosives, they fall into different
structural classifications. Gunpowder
is a nitrate mixture, whereas dynamite
Is a nitro compound-thati Is. the lot
mer Is a combination of nitrogen solu-
ton mixed with other ingredients, ana
the latter is compound OF nitro
glycerin absorbed by porous inert
solid material.
Gunpowder, first employed In war
about 1850, IL the most generally use
full of all explosives. According 10
chemists, 1t is rated as mechanlcai
mixture, being composed OF potassium
nitrate, carbon and sulphur. 1s
manufacture consists OF first finely
pulverizing the materials and then
mixing them together. This mixture
is compressed into a cake, which Is
afterward granulated. Different sizes
of grit are separated by sleeves and
carefully assorted. Upon the size ana
form of the grain depends the strain
upon the gun in giving velocity to the
object projected.
\
Gen, Rodman of the United States
army inaugurated a series of expert
ments in 1856 which were instrumental
in advancing the knowledge of gun
powder so that 1t might be suited to
the use Of modern cannon. His man.
moth and perforated cake powders, the
former consisting Of large, irregular
grains, tested for size by two standard
stoves of six-tenths and nine-tenths OF
an inch each. and the latter OF hex
agonai or cylindrical Gales. perforated
by holes, have been copied in the Eng
lish pebble and pellet, and the Russian
prismatIc powders. by the aid of which
important improvements in artillery
have been rendered possible.
Pebble powder Is simply pressed
cake, broken into large, irregular
pieces and glazed. Pellet powder con-
sists of mealed powder. compressed
into small blocks of irregular and
sometimes indented forms, OF different
sizes for different calibers. Prismatic
powder Is formed Of mealed powder
also, but for this form 1t Is shaped into
fiat perforated cakes Of hexagonal form
about an inch thick and an inch and a
half at the longest diagonal.
This subject Of varying the form and
size Of the grain to regulate tho strain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

fication similar to that of gunpoiSder.
but more restricted in range, may De
made.
Various attempts have been made to in
crease the strength Of dynamite ny re-
placing .ts inert base material by oiHer-
ent exclusives 1t has been demonstrated
that this procedure adds enormously to
the energy developed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

sleep There may be thieves In the
Senate. but there are none in the
Houser'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

Great Interest Being
Displayed in Dis
patches About Boy
Scouts in War Zone.
Condition of the Juve-
nile Organizatione !.
Various Parts of Eu-
rope-What the Boys
Are Doing in Spain,
England, Africa, South
America, Frame ...,i
Australia How the
Movement Was Orig
mated - Words of
Gen. Baden-Powell.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
A Trick of East Indian. Thieves.

In some of the thieves schools
in India regular course of train
ing is gone through in the art Of
'pouching," or concealing articles
of value in the throat. A newspa
per published in Calcutta thus de-
scribes the process:
CAT first a small piece Of lead at
tached to a thread is swallowed
and guided by the action of the
tongue to the orifce of the sac in
the, throat, As soon as this has
been thoroughly learned the lead is
coated with lime. This eats into
the sac and enlarges it. The size
of the article to be pouched is grad
ually increased until it is said that
many of the Indian thieves can
pouch 8 or 10 rupees at once"
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
One Lump lnssad Of Two 4

The beet sugar factories through
out the country are facing a peculiar
situation. After working at full
capacity to meet a supposed demand
for, high priced sugar, they, find that
there is nc. such demand. Although
the sugar is offered at six cents per
pound, wholesale, sales are slow,
The, jobbers and wholesalers, it
seems, stocked up, heavily when the
war broke out and, with warehouses
loaded to the rafters, they are not
eager to put more money into the
product. So the sugar is going beg
cling at six cents. How long this
condition will last is question.
The consumer, however. as long as
he uses the usual quantity of sugar,
may rest assured that. he will not
profit. The, retail price of sugar
has, been advanced to about eight
cents a pound and it is likely that it
will be kept there indefnately.
The old "law" of supply and demand
appears to have been repealed in
this century. The only. way to
touch the Spectators, is through the
pocket. A lack of demand or fall
ing, off in demand is likely to result
in a reduction in price, for the job
bers, will not care to carry, big stocks
that are slow sales. Therefore if
every American would cut down, his
allowance of sugar, just trife, we
would see the prices tumbling in a
few weeks. One spoonful or one
lump, instead Of two in your coffee
every morning for month would re-
sulf in a return of five-cent sugar be-
fore Christmas.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
Some Twilight Sleepers

The Twilight Sleep idea is a
beautiful one. Anything that tends
to reduce pain and suffering is to be
welcomed. But twilight sleep is
nothing new in this part of the coun-
try. We know of some towns that
are in a chronic state of twilig Int
slumber and they will never come
to-. Some of our, own citizens,
mentioning no names, 60 about from
day to day in a never ending
twilight .slumber. And looking. over
our list of deliquent subscribers makes
us rise to inquire what the doctors
use to bring their twilight sleepers
out of the trancei Send us the for
muIa, for there are few subjects on
that list whom we like to waken.
Did we call them, twilight sleepersf
Suffering cats The deepest, blacklist,
midnight could not. begin to equal
the darkness and depth of their
slumbers.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
WANT A QUIET SPOT?
Well, Here's Place, Not Grave,
Where No Noae May Enter.

Well, Here's Place. Not a Grave,
Where No Noise May Enter.
If you should ask your friends to
name the quieteSt place in the
world you would probably get a
great variety of answers. Some
would say the summit OF a high
mountain, others "A distant place in
Ihe middle of the ocean or an i>o-
lated spot in the desert. But ION
the mountain peaks and in, the
quiet OF the, wilderness there are.
usually birds to break, the silence,
and the roar of the wind and the
dashing of the waves disturb the
peace of the ocean,,
We need, not flee from civiliza-
ton Ito find the qpietest PLACE in
the world, for it is. in the heart of
a city-the city of Utrecht in Hol-
land. This quiet place is room for
scientific research, especially built
to ldn-all vibration Professor
Il. Zwaardemaker, a well known
Dutch physicist and Psychologist,
had it built. An attempt to con
struct noise proof room had been
made once before by Professor
Wandt in Leipzig, but that was not
entirely successful. The means that
Professor Zwaardemaker used, are
worthy to be recorded,
In the first place he built three
rooms, one inside of another; then,
since vacuum is a poor conductor
of sound, he had the air all pumped
from between the walls. The in
terror walls of the rooms were COW
cred with six layers of material.
One layer was of stone blocks,
treated by a special process. The
cavities between the stones were
filed with horsehair; next to the
stones were placed layers Of wood
and cork. The other coverings
were layers Of lead plate, sea grass
and paper. The walls were further
lined with tapestry. to absorb the
internal sounds. Not the slightest
sound can penetrate to the inner
most chamber. In that room there
rules an absolute quiet--a quiet that
can be found in no other place on
earth.-Youth's Companion.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
Field Sports.

When you keep a boy interested in
football. baseball, tennis, and the
like, you lessen the chances..,that. he
will get interested in, things not Sc
good for him.
The Youths Companion, since its
enlargement, gives generous space to
this matter. of athletic training, and
gets the best. coaches in the country
to write. for it.
How to practice to become first
rate pitcher, how to, train for race,
how to learn the newest strokes in
swimming these and a hundred
other topics of the greatest interest
to boys : to girls, too, for that mat
ter-7a are touched upon in this import
ant department of The Companion.
And this is only small part of the
service which The Companion renders
in any home which it enters. 1t has
points of contact with a hundred
interests,
If you do not know The Companion
as it is today, let us send you one OF
two current issues free, that you may
thoroughly test the papers quality.
We will send also the Forecast for
1915.
Every new subscriber who sends
SO. 90 for the fifty-two weekly issues
of 1915 will receive free all the
issues of the paper for the remaining
weeks of 1914; also The Companion
Home CalendaEs foral 9l5.
THE YOUTHS COM PfANION
IA Berkely Street, Boston, Mass.
New subscriptions received. at this
Office.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
Let Us Make this a Good Looking Town

Let Us Make this Good Looking Town
Ii every man who reads Athis--and
every woman, too would make it
his or her business, the next hour he
or she has, to look around the home
premises and see how they could be
fixed up to look better it would be
great thing for this town. 1t might
not induce people to do any more
than rake up the sticks that are
lying around. That would he a
great help alone. But maybe while
raking up the loose leaves you would
find there is a loose board in the
sidewalk, broken picket in the
fence, that the corner of the porch
has sagged or that the front steps
need new plank in them. And,
as you would want to make COM
plete job of it, you would see that
these repairs are made. Maybe the
house has needed new coat of paint
for long time. Perhaps new cur
tains are needed at the front windows.
And the inside of the house is quite
as important as the outside-.is more
important, for it is on the inside you
live and where visitors get their real
impression of you and of the town.
Maybe before you get through, it you
will really look about you, there will
be several things that can be made
to look vastly better with the aid
of few boards or nails or little
varnish or small expenditure OF
money. Collectively the effect OF
this town will be great. There is
no economy in letting things run
down and putting repairs off. A
house that needs repairs is going
down hill; and house that is going
down hill is loosing value--vslue both
in money and comfort. Let's make
this a better looking town; and
let's begin, like charity. at home.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
NEWS
%s4.%4%%A%E%A%
{ IRON RIVER =


FEstFE
Pioneer.
John r. Barrett, one OF the old
time residents of Iron River, came
to town this week to spent day
circulating among old friends. Mr..
Barrett, who was brother in la W
of our former townsman, James
O'Toole, left here fourteen years ago
for Sonora, Mexico, where he spent
several years in the employ of a
mining company, During the
revolutionary period he and the rest
of crew were driven out of the coun-
try twice, and finally Mr.. Barrett
concluded that the good old U. S. A.
was good enough for him and so he
quit the mining company and went
to work for the Southern Pacific
Railway Company and has since
been engaged in bridge construction
work.
L. F. Mackmiller's concrete fac
tory has been in operation without
interruption since last spring, save
for the breakdown of the machinery
which necessitated a shutdown for
one day, and the plant will continue
to operate until the weather gets SO
cold that it will be impossible to
make blocks any longer.
Mr.. Mackmiller says that more
than 10000 blocks have been turned
and that. the stock on hand, while
considerable, is not as large as he
would like to have it in view of the
fact that he has number of build
ing contracts in sight for early
spring and wants to have we'll seas
oned blocks for those jobs.
J.. B. Mcdonald is home from
Park Falls and enjoying farm life
once more.
Roy Warren, of Montana, was in
town Tuesday looking over the coun-
try with view of either purchasing
farm or renting one for. the coming
season.
John Kersh. who is employed at
Drummond, spent Sunday in this
city with his family.
Joseph LaBlanc. foreman. of the
lath mill at, Park Pals, came up
here the first OF the. week to visit
with Iron River friends and attend
to some business matters.
G. O. Hegg. of Mason, who is
scaling at the J. Fl. Yonker portable
mill, was injured by a piece OF board
flying back from the trimmer and
hitting him 90 the knees. He will
be laid up for about week.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
Il Isn't Your Town-It's You


If you want to live in the kind OF
town
Like the kind OF town you like,
You needn't slip your clothes in a
grip
And start OH long, long hike.
You'll only find what you left be-
hind,
For there's nothing that's really
new.
It's knock at yourself when you
knock your town.
1t isn't your town--it's you.
Real towns are not made by men
afraid
Lest somebody else gets ahead.
When everybody works and nobody
shirks
You can raise town from the
dead.
|, And if while you make your per-
sonal stake
Your neighbor can make one, too,
Your town will be what you want
to see.
1t isn't your town--it's YOU.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
RESULTS TELL
There Can Be No Doubt About the
Results iG Washburn.

There Can Be No Doubt About the
Results in Washburn.
Results tell the tale.
All doubt is removed.
The testimony of a Washburn
citiz3n
Can be easily invest igated.
What better proof can be had?
Mrs. Andrew Faux, Third Street
Washburn, Wis, says: my back
was so lame and sore that I couldn I
move without misery and mornings
it was task for me to get up. I
had to go around all bent over for
quite a while. Now and then | had
dizzy spells and the ailments left no
doubt in my mind that ] had kidney
trouble. After using two boxes of
Doan Kidney Pills, was rid of
the backache and all the soreness
and lameness left me-. / have been
in good health ever since.
Price SOC at all dealers. Don't
simply ask for kidney remedy
get Doan's Kidney Pills-the same
that Mrs. Faux had. Foster Mil
burn Ce., Props, Buffalo, N. Y.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
Rsnairino With Concrete.

A common source of annoyance and
expense on the farm is the decay or
giving away of building supports and
foundations. When this occurs 1t Is
considerable trouble to replace these
with new timber or ordinary masonry.
II frequently happens that a building
is In first class condition while its sup
ports have disintegrated or collapsed.
For making repairs Of this character
concrete surpasses any other material
This is due to the fact that it is a plas-
tic substance and may be nodded or
poured into recesses not readily acces-
sible when another material is used.
Timber supports may be renewed with
out jacking up the building beyond its
original observation-disclosures Farmer.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1914-11-12
INEXPENSIVE ICEH0USE.
An, Efficient Storage House Can BE
Constructed by Home Labor.

An. Efficient Storage House Can BE
Constructed by Home Labor.
Among the comforts of the modern
farmstead the icehouse holds an impor7
tant position, especially during the
summer season. An efficient type of
storage house can be inexpensiyely
constructed, by home laborers when
they have little spare time, and the
building will more than pay for itself
in the first season of its active use.
There is middle western farmer who
has been using the same icehouse for
the last twenty years.. and the build
ing is still in fine, serviceable shape,
1t is Of simple construction. and cost
little in time, labor or money. Any
other countryman with a few odd mo-
ments, several pounds of nails, ham.
mer and saw can duplicate 1t.
This storage house for ice is twelve
feet squars and rests on five foot
brick wall that is eight inches thick.
1t is, essential to provide either stone,