davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
DAUGHTERS of Ar;stocrats Work as Day Laborers

amples of embroidery and lace made by
the guild workers at prices from so
to 100 pr cent cheaper than goods of
the same quality could be obtained
were the ordinary market rate of wages
paid to these sweated workers and
these goods are then retaied at enorm-
Gus profits in West End store The
wages paid to some of these sweated
women last year averaged 16 cents an
hour. and many of them worked IL and
IA hours a day
The association sends work out to
some women to be done In their homes
and these out workers are even more
sweated than those regularly at work in
the workrooms of the association. A
magnificent piece of embroidery work
sold In London last year to the wife Of
wealthy banker for $3.50 was done
by lady living In one room and her
wages for this piece of work which
took her nix months to finish, worked
out at less than 10 cents per hour.
we'll known laundry Is one of the
most notorious instances of the i'm
mense profits that are made out of
the sweated labor of ladies' The laun-
dry was originally started by a chart
tably disposed lady of means to give
employment to gentlewomen who had
to do some work to supplement very
slender private incomes. The lady died
four years later and the laundry, which
had up to then been run at a slight
loss, was taken over by couple of
commercial men who saw there was a
gold mine In 1t.
They advertised the laundry extensively
az the laundry where only ladies' were
employed" an advertisement that at
tracted a great deal of business and the
services of number of women not who'll
ly dependent on their labor for a living.
The laundry now employs 90 women
whose wages range from n.c5 to S2.25 q
week. which Ia more than 30 per cent less
than the market rates OF laundry girls
wages In London. A. an inquest on one
Of their laundry hands who died suddenly
II was stated that her wages were 81. rs
a week and that her private income was
but ~ year. The woman died OF u
heart complaint accelerated by everwork
and lack OF proper nourishment, Yet this
laundry returned tha preprieters a prefit
Of nearly 100 per cent last year,
The nantiewoman In England who are
being forced into the iahoP market in
steadily increasing numbers are mainly
the daughters or widows of impoverished
landed aristoerats, They are OF al
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

could as TO the habits of the young
fellow and his associates.
John Collins had left his lodgings
at Lawrence on the evening preceding
the murder, going to Topeka and di-
rectly to his home, where, he claimed,
he retired for the night at an early
hour. According to his own story.
he had been in bed at the time when
he was aroused by the shot that killed
his father. l had been making my own
Investigations concerning him before
sending Manning to Lawrence, and l
had learned that he had formed the
acquaintance of a very estimable and
wealthy young lady of that city, with
whom he had become infatuated. He
had paid a good deal of attention to
her for several months previously.
She had informed him that her mother
intended to purchase or lease a cot
tage at Long Branch. N j.. in which
to spend the summer months
John Collins. who was thoroughly
infatuated with her, heard this news
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
of thomas iiurlona
Gzp Em0ug RaME0am =
:. %l1%MmseM Dkaerzzvg
.D2ZenAzlylz9

Jetmore. At the close of the case Mr.
Justice Brewer came to mo and COM
pllmented me very highly for my work
in solving the mystery.
What clinehed the case against the
accused man was the evidence OF the
two colored hack drivers to whom I
have referred. They came to Topeka
from Lawrence and took tho witness
stand on behalf OF the prosecution
When they showed the watch that he
had given them, and which he in turn
had received from is father when
he came of age, 1t was evident that
conviction was foregone conclusion.
It was this production of the watch.
together with the full testimony of
the drivers. In which they detailed the
contract which they had made with
the prisoner. that convicted him; and
their evidence was corroborated by
circumstances that were not, and could
not be, contradioted.
The trial lasted more than a week.
Collins attorneys. two of the most
prominent men at the Kansas bar, la
bored earnestly and to the best of
however. found guilty of murder. and
sent to the state prison to await tho
governors action In fixing the date
of his execution. However, inasmuch
as It has always been the custom In
Kansas for the governor never to Fix
the cate for the execution of person
found guilty of murder, the prisoners
are usually kept In prison for an in
definite period, and thus a sentence OF
d"ath In Kansas usually amounts to
a life term In the state penitentiary.
An effort has been made by friends
Of the young man and by his family to
obtain a pardon for him. but up to
the present time 1 understand thai II
has been unavaillng.
During the course of the trial
great many people got the idea that I
had been employed by the Insurance
companies, ON account OF the $40. 900
worth of insurance that Mr. coIlina
had carried. II was believed that the
companies had hired me to fix the
crime upon the son in order to avoid
having to make the payment. | need
hardly say that there was no truth In
this suggestion. The people who en-
ployed me in this case were citizens of
Topeka and lodge friends of the mur-
dered man. and were in no way con-
nected with the insurance companies
Interested In the case, but were mere
~ acting as good and law abiding cit
izns Just as soon as . l succeeded in
satisfying them, by showing them my
evidence. that John Collins was the
murderer of his father, they turned the
evidence over to the proper authorities
and his arrest followed.
Copyright, 1911, by International
Press Bureau.)
Next week: "a Battle with wouId-
BE Bandits
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
Sore: S 3!: ;:,!! @om i! he c., Career S Of

In debt. As his father had only al
lowed him the sum of s25 a month
for social purposes, and this amount
was not 1.-THE of what he required,
he had been driven to desperation and
at his wits end to secure the necessary
funds.
There were couple of colored hack
drivers in Lawrence who. Mr.. Manning
learned, had been often patronlzed by
young Collins. AS soon as | received
this information from Manning l sent an
urgent telegram to ID f. Harbaugh. a
man In my employment. directinf him to
process TO Lawrence at once and find
out all that the hack drivers knew about
John Collins, Mr.. Harbaugh had lived
In Lawrence for a number of years be-
fore he entered my service He had
been hack driver in that city, and had
afterward entered into the livery business
in Lawrence. Many of the hack drivers
We're. therefore, known to him, and some
of the mhad been in his own service.
On this account he did not find 1t at all
difficult to discover everything that was
known about the young man.
The men told Harbaugh that Collins
had approached them and entered Into
a verbal contract with both of them to
have his father killed in return for a
certain sum of money. Part of this
amount he had paid at the time the agree
ment was made, and he had promised to
pay the remainder after the murder was
committed.
They told Harbaugh that they had never
had any intention of attempting to muir
der Mr.. Collins. but had promised John
that they would do so in order to work
him for what money they could get out
of him.
You see, boss" they explained, ut
looked like easy money for us, and we
knew he wouldn't dare expose us when
we failed to do what he told us. There
murder wa sto be committed. When that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
ARIZONA'S CLIMATE FINE
FOR OSTRICH INDUSTRY

There are now about GOO birds on tho
ostrich farms OF Arizona, and the indus
try is said to be but in it's infancy. says
Chandler Ariz., dispatch to the New
York World. The present status of the
industry is marked by departure from
as many birds as possible, and the ostrich
grower is scientifically improving the
quality of his stock and of the feathera
that are becoming more and more val
liable.
South African experts and experts
from the United States bureaus who
have visited this section are convinced
that the climate food and market con-
ditions are desirable for the profitable
continuation of the industry. and they
predict that the ostrich growers of the
Salt river valley have an opportunity
to exceed all records in this line.
There are Is ostrich ranches in
the valley. and the industry has become
a leader. W. S. PicSerell of the Arizona
Ostrich company has made a scientific
study of the methods of incubatng and
treating eggs up to the Matching stage.
Growers have been unsuccessful In thiv
feature of the industry and the rate Of
mortality has been exceptionally high.
Mr.. Pickerell says that out OF 100 eggs
Matched he saved and raised 112 birds.
Another time he hatched 275 eggs and
saved 232 birds.
J. G.. Spangler of Mess, one of tho
best known bankers and rachmen OF
tho state, was elected president of tho
Arizona Ostrich Growers association;
w. =. Picksrell of the Arizona Osttich
company, the pioneer breeder OF osttfches
In Arizona, was elected vice president.
and c. i. Laird. secretary and treas
urer.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

with dismay. He surmised that she
would be sure to encounter some of
the many fortune hunters who frequent
that resort in summer time, and that
she might readily fall prey to one
of them, thus endangering his own
chances of winning her. Accordingly
he had made up his mind to spend the
season at Long Branch also, SO that
he might guard the affections of his
beautiful young friend.
The Investigations of Manning con-
firmed the theory had formed about
Collins. In order to advance his suit,
he had been posing as a wealthy man
in his own right and had been at
tempting to keep up with the pace at
which the young lady's family and
other friends lived. He had been in
the habit of spending considerable
sums in buying her flowers, in car
riage hire and entertainments of all
sorts, and had become deeply involved
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

CLASSES the least well equipped for tho
struggle for existence. They come of .
class which the course of economic evolu.
tion In England IL surely sweeping out Of
existence. In another hundred years or
less tho gentlewomen In tho labor mar.
lfet VIII have forgotten all about their
ancient birth and tradltlensi they Will
have passed into ths ranks of the properly
less weraers and viii be selling their la
bor at the highest market rates they can
obtain for ID and In theip last stats they
will certainly net be worse off than they
are now,
Here and there efforts have been made
to organize gentlewemeH employed IN
various industries ON trade union lines,
but without any success, The eHs fact
that appeals to thess women il that they
are at wers among wameR OF their ewn
class and they ara apparently quite cens
tent to ba unmereifully sweated SO long
as this condition prevails,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

John Collins haggled in a business
like manner for some time and finally
promised to give them 500 more. which
he did. They also succeeded in extract
ing from him a gold watch which his
father had presented to him on his
twenty-frst birthday. This money John
Collins secured by borrowing from his
friends, and also by drafts on his father,
as l afterward discovered
The second date made for the MUIR
der arrived and passed. and the father
was still alive. John Collins grew
furious and uphraided the hack driv-
ers bitterly for not having carried out
their agreement,
well, boss, It's this way" they told
him. We've been thinking over this
here proposition. and we've come to
the conclusion that If your fathers
got to be killed you had better kill
him yourself We won't kill him. and
that's al there is to it,"
But I've paid you to do it, twice
sorry boss, but we can't do it," the
hack drivers answered. "And, what's
more, we never meant to kill the old
man. We were Just working you"
John Collins, growing desperate, left
Lawrence and went to Topeka, to his
fathers house, where he undoubtedly
killed him with his own gun while he
was asleep, having previously secured
1t from the shelf. He entered the room
softly and shot him dead. escaping be-
fore his mother could awaken.
With this evidence in hand | report
ed to the committee of citizens who
had employed me, and they then de-
cided to hand my report over to the
prosecuting attorney at Lawrence. At
the request of the prosecuting attor-
ney. the county commissioners at To-
peka employed me to complete the
evidence. so that Collins might be ar
rested and prosecuted for the murder
of his father.
and placed In Jail without bond. and in
due time the case came up for trial
As mentioned, 1T had caused great
deal Of interest In the community, by
reason of the standing of the dead
man and the mystery surrounding the
affair. But when 1t became known
that the son was charged with the
murder the interest was duplicated
The entire country was aroused over
the trial. All the leading western
newspapers had special reporters pres
ent, and these telegraphed back
lengthy reports of the proceedings
The courtroom was crowded, and
many noted lawyers came to watch
the great legal battle, which at times
waxed very warm, as all the counsel
on both sides were able men and stood
at the top of their profession. Prose-
cutting Attorney Jetmore was at his
best, making one of the greatest fights
that I ever saw to get his evidence be-
fore the jury. Among the spectators
during almost the entire trial was the
late Justice Brewer of the United
States supreme court at Washington,
who was visiting his daughter the
wife of the prosecuting attorney. Mr..
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
oNDoN, February 7.-(Special.)-Re-
cent revelations of sweating among

ONDON, February 7.-(Special.)-Re
cent revelations Of sweating among
- the poor of London have failed to
direct public attention to- the almost
equally iniquitous exploitation of women
by those men who run businesses or
industries where "only gentlewomen are
employed" This particular form of ex-
ploitation has developed only in the past
10 or u years. but is now. owing to the
growing number of ladies looking for en-
ployment. rapidly increasing.
One of the largest and most important
employers of gentlewomen's labor Is
syndicate which runs an agricultural
guild for ladies'" 1t WAS started seven
years ago with the object of affording
employment to women In straitened cir
cumstances. Some of the wealthiest and
most philanthropic women here, includ-
ing the late BARONESS Burdett Ceutts,
were associated with the inception of this
guild which in it's early days did cer-
tainly afford employment in various
branches of agriculture and horticulture
to ladies in poor circumstances at good
wages.
1t was not then run on commercial
lines that is to say, 1t was not run with
a view to making a profit. The man.
ayers of the guild were satisfied If they
made their expenses. But the control
of the institution has since passed into
other hands, who run 1t evidently with
view to making as large profits as
they can out of the sweated labor of the
women they employ. 1t is a rule of the
guild that each lady employed must have
at least a private income of $3.50 per an
mum, and give years service free; SUBJ
yequently their wages average from 81. Is
to 81 a week.
Among the employed at the guild are
a cousin of the Duchess of Portland, and
a relative of the Marquis of Waterford.
In the early days of the guild the women
employed by it were mainly engaged IN
branches of agriculture particularly suit
able for gentlewomen: such as butter
making, and making up the butter for
market, milking. tending fowl. etc And
they also were employed good deal in
the lighter branches Of horticulture, for
the guild ran a big market garden. The
heavier work was done then by men but
now male labor is reduced to a minimum;
cheap as Is agricultural labor in England
the labor of gentlewomen Is cheaper still
and the women employed by the guild
now plow, drive cattle to a market or a
railway station. feed pigs. chop timber
and look after the horses and do all
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08
By W. T. ROBERTS

~ uhb (
nary farm uwomn Tepo oof It's hpphdo o tina %T
A needle auhm is uona o utilized tn buy from thu esseauo the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

day had passed and Mr.. Collins was
still very much alive, John became angry
and expostulated with the men.
"You haven't give us enough money.
boss" the hack drivers told him. Muir
der's a pretty big business, you see. and
with all them police and detectives about
it's risky one. How much more will
you pay IL we bring off the job?"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-08

Next week; "a Battle with Would
BE Bandits"
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
HUERTA AND GARDEN,
BRITISH MINISTER. CLASHES

BY ASSOCIATED PREss.l
VERA CRUZ. June lG. british
who arrived here from Mexico City
report recent clash between ProviS
.siona, President Huerta and slF
Lionel Garden, the British minister.
The dispute arose out of the. i'd
vice volunteered by Sir Lionel that
the deracto president should resign
and leave The country Immediately.
The British minister also offered
Gen. Huerta British safe conduct
and n warship to take him to any
port he might name. together with
Mis- family.
s'&Gen. Huerta is said TO have be-
come enraged and to have threaten.
cd to arrest Sir Lionel Garden II he
eyer repeated the proposal.
Sir Lionel Garden is said to have
based his suggestion on his person.
ally friendly relations with Gen.
Huerta and to have urged upon him
that the time had come when flight
was ihsonly recourse. Az
II = -
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18

The engagement q Miss Esta
Crowl to DR.. Herman Pocock, of Nor
gantown, was. announced last cven-
Ing at a eHarmingly appointed. enter
taihnieht at Which Miss Martha
Duncan was hostess Gat her home on
Rhea Terrace, A color scheme in
pink was effectively carried out, a
bneket of, pink ramblers forming a
center piece of the table. Butter
tlies suspended over the table added
a pretty touch 10; the decorations
and the glow from pink shaded can
tlelabra added a pretty effect. Gov.
isrs were laid for twelve. which in
Fcludcd intimate friends Of thu
5ride-clcct.
The marriage, Of Miss Crowl t
IiDr. Pococlx. will be soIempized .Jun'
lt24th at the home of tile BRIDES par
ents, MIR. and Mrs. w: B. Crowl
Miss Crowl is an attractive and pop
ulars young woman and the an
Iuouncement of her engagement vii
be read with interest. DR.. Pococl
is also well known here.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
SPGR.SONA[Sz
~ PEOPLE -
as THEY CONE And ca

Mrs. Fred Haney and little daugh-
ter. Frances, of Wheeling street, are
the guests of relatives at Lowesviile.
Mrs. w. A. Johnston has gone to
her home near Fairylew to spend a
week.
Misses Josephine and Pauline Sni-
der have been the guests of relatives
in Fairview for a week.
Mrs. n. Il. Kidd. of Rivesvillc, is
the guest of friends In the city.
Mrs. 6. G. Race ana sons, John and
Junior, spent yesterday in Clarks-
burg the guests of the formers moth
er, Mrs. Agnes Stuart,
Misses Mary Frances Peppers and
Jeanette Chancellor, OF Parkersburg.
are the guests of their grandparents,
Mr.. and Mrs. w. E. Arnett, on Pike
street. Mr.. and Mrs. Arnett will
leave soon for Webster Springs to
spend several weeks
Robert Clinton formerly OF this
city, now of Clarksburg, spent yes
terday in the city.
Miss Annie b., Garden, formerly of
this city, was here yesterday en- route
to Wheeling.
Mrs. Jennie Hupp has returned
from Hundred, where she had spent
several days with friends.
Mrs. N. R. G. Morrow is attending
the w. Va. Educational Association
in Norgantown. Mrs. w. S. Mayors
will so to Morgantown tomorrow to
attend Fridays sessiop. f' bt7
Miss Callie Frey is the guest Of
Miss Edna corrothers at Wadestowns
Mrs. PIP. Lipscomb and children,
of Maple avenue, are the guests OF
relatives in Wheeling.
Miss Rose Mckinney went to
Wheeling yesterday to visit her sis,
ter, Mrs. Florence II. Jones.
Mr. and Mrs. G. NJ. Allender have
returned from Webster Springs where
they had spent several weeks.
Mrs. Ivy Scranage has gone to
Eden Springs to spend a few days.
Her nephew, Fred Deall, has been at
the Springs for several days.
atrs. T. a. Deyeny and family have
gone TO Mt. Lake Park. Nd. TO open
their cottage for the summer.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. z. Hart and chill
dren left yesterday for Cumberland,
Nd. to visit relatives.
MIR. and Mrs. Russell Ice and chill
drcn. of Kirksville. Mo-, are the
guests of relatives in Warrington.
Miss Beryl Morgan has gone to
Morgantown to attend the State Ed
vocational Association.
Rev. F. c. Herod, who has recent
ly located here for work among for
eigners has moved his houscnolo
goods from Morgantown to Edge
mont. this city. Mrs. Herod and
children are visiting relatives in PIT,
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
Motored to ParkersBurg.

L. S. Marshal Clarence e. Smith,
accompanied by L. II. Powell, came
through from Fairmont in their
touring car, arriving here about ten
O'Clock. Mr.. Smith, while attending
the reunion, is also here on business
in connection with the removal of
Ntho marshal's Office to Clarksburg,
under the orders recently received
from the department. The local
Board of Commerce will make pro-
test against the removal and will
take up the matter with the depart
ment, as it is said there is plenty of
room in the federal building for. the
use of the marslRl. - Parkersbure
Sentinel.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18

Marion, Pa, and will join him later.
Ears, Olive Adams, of South
Brownsville, Pa, is the guest of Mfr.
j. W. Phillips and family on Jacobs
street.
Mrs. James Brown, who has been
the guest of her sister, Mrs. ]. II.
Kinkcad, leaves tomorrow for her
home at Edgewood, Pittsburgh.
Mrs. j. F. Blackwood has return
cd from Grafton, where SHE had
been the guest OF relatives.
Mr.. Jack Taught has reslgntd ,lis
position US teller of tho Peoples Ma
tlonal Bank and will leave in the
morning for a short stay OF Webster
Springs. On his>rcturn he will ac-
cept u position with the Standard
Garage Company.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
Observing Flag Day

a 'belated observance Of Flag Day
issan event at the Country Club this
afternoon where the William Hay
mond Chapter of the Daughters OF
the American Revolution are hold
ing an appropriate service this aft,
ernoon which was proceeded by g
luncheon. The observance was set
on this day on account of the legal
day falling on Sunday. A luncheon
was served on the arrival of the one
O'Clock cur. The decorations were
Of garden flowers with patriotic
fayors. AT the conclusion of the
luncheon a program viii be rendered
and election Of officers for the fol.
lowing year will take place.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
AT Country Club.

Miss Marjorie Haas, the young
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Haas, entertained at luncheon at the
Country club yesterday. The guests
went to the club on the eleven o'clock
car and returned at four in the after
noon. Covers were laid for Misses
Helen Robb; Virginia Alexander,
Betha Smoot. Mary Moulds Hurst and
her guest, Miss Betty Fownes. of
Pittsburgh. Mrs, Glenn Barns chap
aroncd the party.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18
Going Abroad.

/ Mr., j.. NJ. Hartley leaves the lat
ter part Of next week for New York,
from where lie will sail on Saturday
for a six weeks trip abroad. He
will be accompanied by his brothers,
Mr.. Clinton Hartley, of ohi6, and
Mr.. Homer Hartley and wife and
daughter, OF Meyersdale,' Pa.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-06-18

Nr. and Mrs. j. W. Mcdonald left
last might for Washington. D. g.,
and Atlantic City,. DR.. Mcdonald
will attend the meeting of the b. 4
o. surgeons in Washington ANA al
Atlantic City will be present at tlle
sessions of the American Medical
Association, which convenes in that
place.