The Washington times., 1914-08-19

n the sixth ballot on August A.
Was crowned Pope on August 9 at
y, St Peters Cathedral, Rome.
fdignity Of his high position, and he
earned the loyalty and devotion and ad-
mirauon OF all in the churon and the
respect Of all the world.
Probably his most Important declara-
| tons were in two bulls, one of which
protested against the growing modern
Ism In religious and church work, the
other recurring all engagements to be
hs5ed with the parish priest.
| rope Plus always win be remembered
by Americans for his naming of three
new American cardinals. He elevated
TO the cardinalate Archbishops OCon-
nell, of Boston; Farley, of New York,
ana Diomede Falconio. who was apos-
tohc delegate when elevated. With
| Cardinal Gibbons this makes four
Americans who wear red hats
Democracy Pre-eminent.
Pre-eminent among his characteristics
| were his democracy, his after defiance
OF convention, and his disregard of prec-
edent- or peasant parentage, he was
peculiarly the Pope OF the poor. Peas
! ants were as welcome to the Vatican as
princes. and he gave them his blessing
without favor. His charities were pro-
verbal. His presence pervaded the Vat
lean with a new atmosphere.
With quiet decision he did away with
many forms Of etiquette which had en-
dured for centuries. Early no abolished
the custom requiring visitor TO senu-
fleet three times in coming into the
presence Of the Pope. to kiss the cross
upon his right slipper, and 10 remain
kneeling while in his presence. He
would have none of II. Instead. hs
greeted his visitors without formality.
! chatted in good old fashion. and usually
accompanied them TO the door when
they retired.
Many incidents resulted from this In
dependence ot custom, and to the Pone
they brought a quiet amusemsnt Ep1
instance, he abolished the century-oId
custom of requiring every one to yscsts
.ne gardens or galleries of the Vatican
first ride through the grounds VA. ns is
an open carriage, which he insisted
upon having, even though another prec-
eoent was shattered.
In Difficult Position.
His position Was surely a difficult, nm.
when he became the head of the churc,
The situation OF the Pope with RESPECT
10 Italy and the Quirinal has been a
dlHicult one for many years. First and
greatest OF the troubles which pom.
Flus had TO meet was that with France
Slnce that time Spain has raIsed ,bs
question OF its relations with the Pone
and here the church has So lar emerged
with victory.
IN PORTUGAL, the revolution has been
something OF blow to the chuIc But
IN Germany the church gained grestIv
aitsr Pope Plus. The law against tb.
Jesults was repealed, and an addition
d cardinal created. In the United
states rope Plus saw the church erow
idpiuISr and IN this growth he fre-
quentIy expressed the greatest deIipb, |
Ohe untoward incident with RESPECT m |
the United States. but HDich Ief, NJ
OF any permanenc. wa.
the matter OF the visit OF former Pres,
oeht Iheooore Roosevelt to Rome and
LIS oecIIhIhg TO give ASSURANCES in nd
vance that he would not call upon IN.
hethoolsls there. Inc Pontif men -.
FUSED 10 receive the former r,resIdcnt
ona the matter was an InternatIonaI
seAsauOn Tor few Gays. Bur IN in,
dent counted Tor nothing stIerward
Instituted Many Reforms.
Many internal reforms were insti,u,.d
py Pope Plus in the Vatican. Imu.dI-
ately upon assumption Of the n.naI
throne. he began TO Ie-form his gusrds
the SWISS PaIatlne, and Noble. sons
SupernulneraIles who were holding sine
cures IN the Vatican were dismissed. and
its general routine was simpIified.
But FIus did not sIop here. Long a
parish priest himself he knew the con-
dItioT OF the secular clergy better than
MARI and he devised a program for
Their relief from grinding poverty.
one I.ne morning Rome awoke In ind
that the Congregation of InduIgences and
kelics. founded by Clement TX. had
been abolished. A little later when ths
proof sheets OF the 'Gerarchia CatroI-
hca" were returned TO the Vatican print
ing house the names of six supnossd
early popes mad been stricken from tna
list py Pope Flus. Called the TWO bun
dreG ana slxIy-fodrtn Pope when
rIected. ne officially reGuced the NUMBER
10 Two hundred an frty-eight
Friend of Gregorian Chant ,
One OF the most important early act. I
Of Pope Plus reign was his action on (
church music. He Issued orderx for
OF It and q return TO N. !
Iregorian chant.
The question Of modernism wa. IN.
great one which the Pope had to o..I :
with in q theological way and hi. att {
tudc toward the modsrnists will ...n
sven TO those who hold other view, %
have been the only thing the doo,r,n.
and dogma Of the church would permit
has been stamped out so rsr
Is Pope PIus could do It In his Iisstims
Pope Plus though not tall was an i'm.
oressive figure. Rather below medium q
height his face was noteworthy for its I
arge, strong features, especially am .
,hasized by a frm square jaw, broad
Upper lip, and q prominent nose which .
was nsithor Roman nor Arabic. though y
n, . = antfva ~ hath 10