davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
How Nature Protects Animals.

|0NE of the most interesting studies
~ undertaken by naturalists is what
they call protective coloration." This
means that concealment which makes it
possible for animals possessing it to re-
main hidden from the searching eyes of
their enemies. Some Of the effects are SO
wonderful as to be almost unbelievable.
For example. among the most gorgeous
of the creatures Of the air are the sun
birds of Africa, and yet even the keen eye
OF hawk will fail to see these birls
when they are fitting in field of
flowers.
Most species of the East Indian sloth,
which lives in trees, have an orange
coiored spot on their backs which makes
them very conspicuous when they are
seen out of their ordinary surrounding.
But when they are clinging to the trees
the color of their hair looks very much
like withered moss. and the orange spot
on their backs SO closely resembles the
scar made by the breaking of a branch
that even great hunters are deceived
By 4.
The color and stripes of the tiger some
times make the animal invisible in bright
sunshine amid the dried yellow grass of
q jungle One hunter tells of following a
wounded tiger which he failed. for, at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
2oult7:y Yard Notes.

Wavm water III the drinking vessels
will be appreciated by the fowls these
; chilly days The water should be warm
enough to feel uncomfortable to the
hand: it will cool rapidly enough when
placed in the drinking fountains or
pans. And don't forget the perman-
eanate OF potash in the water--enough
to render the water the color of claret
wine. Also remember to give the drink
ing vessels q thorough cleaning and
scrubbing at least once a week during
the cold weather; every day isn't too
often in the summer.
\ feed on boiled grain. fed while
stealnins hot, makes the hens happy
during cold weather. Either oats or
wheat may be used Fill a Kettle half
full of the dry grain. cover the grain
with water and place on the back of
the stove during the forenoon, allow
ing the grain to simmer and soak un-
til feeding time in the late afternoon.
Or put the grain to cook at night, after
dinner is out of the way. and let it
stew all night to be fed~in the morn
! ing. peck of oats or wheat cooked in
this manner will be doubled in bulk.
! The hens relish such a feed once a
week or so. and the relish is increased
il the grain is slightly sailed while
being cooked.
The value of table scraps in feeding
small flocks cannot be overestimated.
Many of the phenomenal egg records
made with lunches of a dozen to
twenty-five hens have been made pos
| sible by reason of feeding literally
with table scraps-bits of meat, gristle
or fat, skins of baked potatoes, bits of
bread. leaves and tough ends of celery
and all the fragments that remain after
J a meal. Such feed. chopped fine in an
ordinary food chopper. and mixed with
a well balanced dry mash, cannot be
beaten for forcing egg production in
! small hocks.
! AS the winter advances it will be
better to gather the eggs at least
,wice day. A frozen egg is very like
ly to burst in the nest: the hens pick
at and eat it and form the bad and
practically unbrea ka BILE habit eff egg
eating. Besides. when the eggs are
gathered at least twice daily they are
likely to be found cleaner, as the hens
| do not have a chance to smear them
with mud off their feet and naturally
clean eggs always make better APP
that had to be washed before thew
were boxed for delivery
| Where it is possible to house poultry
IN colony houses. better results are
| practically certain to be obtained thar
| is possible when several hundred hen.
are housed in a single building. Colo.
MES of about twenty-five hens, or ever
Fewer have been proven to produce
more eggs. at no increased feeding
cost, than the same aggregate number
of hens housed all together The &C.
companying illustration shows the type
! of colony house in use at the govern.
| ment experiment farm near Beltsville
Md. The work of caring for the hen.
is, of course. increased by the adoption
| of the colony plan, but the increase ir
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
;[@ULTRy

Edmund J. Hickey. first; puilet. Ed
mund J. Hickey, first.
Buff cochin bantams-Cock. John H.
Holmead. first: pullet. John H. Hol-
mead. first.
White Picking ducks--Drakes. Mrs. VII
liam N. Mercer, Tirst. Mrs. +. y. PIERCE
second: Mrs. James r. Marques third
ducks. Mrs. William \. Mercer. first
Mrs. r. y. Pierce. second; Mrs James
Il. Marques. third: young drake. MIS-
William y. Mercer. first: young duck
Mrs. William \. Mercer. first
Beside the regular premiums. special
awards were made as follows:
Best display in show--White wyan-
dottes, Elwood Taylor; white leShorhs
George A. Cooley: brown leghorns
George r. Loor; buff orpinstons. NJ. j
OConnell.
B6st female i'll show-Nhite wyan-
dotte hen. owned by E,lwood Taylor of
Berwyn.
Best cock in show-White wyandotte.
owned by Elvf God Taylor.
Best hen in show White WA niotte,
owned by Elwood Taylor.
Best puiIet in White-creste
black polish. owned by u. T.. Lee.
Best pen in shoW-Nhite leEnorn.
owned by George A. Cooley.
Best pair bantams-Silver sebright.
owned by James Taylor.
Best cockerel in show-Nhite wyan-
Gotte owned by Elwood Taylor.
Presidents sweepstakes, silver cup,
won by Elwood Taylor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
IN EXPERIMENT
MD

would result in the avoidance of many
hours of tedious work. For example:
One government employe living in
suburban section of the District was for
a long time in the habit of buying dry
mash for his $50 hens in fifty-pound
lots. The mash. composed of wheat
bran. nIiddling. cornIneal, gluten meal
alfalfa meal. beef scrap and Il small
quantity of salt. cost in these guam
titles at the rate of s2.I5 Ii hundred
pounds. This fall he has been buying
the same dry mash mixture in 200
pound or 5OO-pound lots and paying
S1S5 for il. He has had ample room
to store the larger Quantities, but Just
never bought big lots. never thinking
of the actual cash saving such buying.
would bring about. He has also bought
his mixed grains in 200 or 500 pound
lots this fall. the saving over the price
he paid when he bought only fifty
pounds at a time being about 80 cents
a hundred pounds
When selling eggs, the average poul-
tryman fails to sort his eggs, mixing
white -shelled and brown eggs in the
same crate or package. BY sorting the
eggs and packing white-shelled by
themselves and brown-shelied in sepa-
rate packages, both kinds will bring n
! few cents more. Every poultry plant
| sizes. Selection of the largest and
/ smootheSt eggs and putting them up
| in neat. attractive separate packages
whether the eggs are white or brown
shelled-will result in the realization
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

Of an extra price for such selected
eggs This is true whether the eggs
toners. II the packages. preferably
those holding single dozens, bear an
attractive label. and each package is
given with rubber stamp the date on
which the eggs contained therein were
LAID. further small premium may he
obtained for the product
In selling dressed fowls. whether for
broIlnS or roasting. to Individual Gus
toners. a little investigation as to the
manner in which such customers like
their fowls dressed will bring a little
advance on regular prices. some
housewives like their fowls dry
picked. while others prefer to nave
them scalded and picked in the old
fashioned farm style. BY inqu1Ting as
to such preferences and then deliver
ing fowls to customers i'll the manner
they prefer friendly relations may be
established which Will result in Sooo
many more nickels and dimes coming
into the pocket of the poultryman.
Furthermore. the extra work OF tying
decapitated chicken. folding its wings
back. and tying down it's less-uslnS
snort lengths of white tape for the
purpose-isn't much. but it gives the
dressed fowl cleaner. neater ana
more attractive appearance, ana gives
the Douitryman opportunity to ask Just
little more than the market price
for his fowls. "PlumpinG n vet
picked chicken in cold water altef me
feathers have been removed is dnother
quick. cheap and easy way OF max
ing the carcass look more attractive
Simply plunge the picked chicken into
a tub or pail of cold water for q few
minutes. Then remove it and dry OH
the water The carcass will plump
out and the skin will be drawn firmly
over the flesh. instead of remaining
loose and wrinkled.
All of these little schemes. if adopted
an ed
wants to make all the money possible
out OF his chickens. will certainly in
crease profits. and at the same time
earn for the poultryman the reputa-
ton of delivering a grade of goods
lust a little better than can be bought
in the open market, which. after all,
are the two things every poultryman
is. or should be, striving for.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

egg production more than pays for the
additional labor.
Preliminary selection of the breeding
fowls for next years chicks may be
started at any time now. For the broil-
ers that always bring high prices
around Easter, mature stock should be
used. II the hens are in their second
year, so much the better; chicks
Matched from the eggs of these hens
are likely TO have more vitality and
to respond better to forcing methods
than those Matched from pullet eggs.
Chicks intended to be sold for broilers
at Easter should be Matched about the
first week in January. At that season
the weather is likely to be cold, raw
and disagreeable. and chicks need all
the vitality possible to enable them TO
grow right along in such weather.
If YOU have any doubt whatever as
to the freshness of any eggs, candle ths
eggs. and thus make absolutely certain.
A homemade Gambling device works as
well as one for which stiff price must
be paid The device consists of a paste
board shoeboX lighted inside with d
candle. A hole cut in the top of the
box gives the necessary draft, and an
other in the side. about the size and
shape of an average egg, is to be
placed fourrto six inches above the bot
tom of the box. IL electric light is
available, a droplight at the end of a
cord may be used in place of the can
die.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
PouItrymen's 0versights.

Probably no community in the east
comparable in size to Washington is
surrounded by as many poultry plants
of various sizes as is the National
Capital, and nowhere, perhaps, is as
little attention paid to obtaining maxi
mum projects from the poultry bust
ness. Whether poultry is raised as a
side line, on a small scale, or as a
distinct business. the same business
rules are applicable. but seemingly not
more than one poultry raiser out of
ten pays any attention TO the actual
business side of the industry.
Many men, employees of the govern
ment, raise poultry as side line to
their regular work, selling eggs
dressed broilers. fowls. etc. And prac-
tically none of these conducts the bust
ness in such way as to obtain from
it the profits that might be made if a
little more care were exercised.
Feed is bought in. small quantities
and, of course, at the high prices that
are. always charged for such amounts
The saving in feed that might be made
each year. if. for instance, dry mash
were bought in 500-pound lots, and
mixed grains in the same quantities
would amount to enough, in the course
of year. to equip the houses on a
150-hen plant with all kinds of labor
saving and time-saving devices that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
Prizes for PouItrymen.

Every man. woman. boy or girl IN
the District of Columbia and surround
ing regions is eligible to the prize
competition in which the editor of The
Sunday stars poultry department is
to give cash prize of So for the best
short article on poultry raising sub
mitted each week. The first of the
prize winning articles is to be printed
in the poultry department of next sun
days Star. and others are to follow
each succeeding Sunday.
nounced. should be confined. if pos
sible. TO 500 words in length. Any
phase of the poultry business may be
discussed, the writer's bearing i'll mind
that actual fact stories are desired.
Simply tell of the methods you have
followed and the success these meth
DDS have brought.
Articles must be written ON one side
Of the paper only Other things being
equal, preference viii be given to type
written manuscripts. though this is not
to be taken as EARRING articles sub
mitted in handw ritins. If You have.
or can have made, . good. sharp, clear
photograph to be used in illustrating
the article. so much the better.
Prize Articles to Be Published.
All articles mus; bear tho name and
address of the writer. and each prize
winning article viii be published under
the writer's signature. Articles viii
be judged. first. on the actual practical
value of the articles themselves. and
second. on the manner in which the
articles are prepared and written.
cash prize OF 50 will be paid to
the writer of the best article submitted
in eacn weeks competition. This sum
will be forwarded to the writer of each
prize winning article within few
days after the article has appeared in
the poultry department of The Sunday
Star. Articles which do not win prizes
will be returned to the writer's. pro-
vided postage is inclosed for that pur-
pose.
Articles intended for the weekly prize
competitions should be addressed to
the Poultry Editor. The Sunday Star,
Washington, l.. &.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
THE MUSIC OF THE
GROWING OF THE CORN

OF all delightful music that this singing world
give.
The sweetest is for those who in the rural re-
gions live.
The voices of the city. with its bands. its
songs. its noise
Are loud and harsh beside the country's soft
harmonic Joys
deuccs and trils:
The laughter of the brooklets, as they hurry
The lowing herds. the bleating lambs. rejoicing
in the
But rarest is the music of the growing OF the
corn
When summers afternoon evening brings the
To deeper tint the verdure and refresh the
dropping flower.
And then to haste to other fields that wal, It's
needed boon
And leave the air electric and the skies TO
Delightful 1t is then to wander near the stately
And listen To the whisper of each green leaf
as it grows,
While shining; moon-iit raindrops graceful
stalks and pumes adorn-
On then. how sweet the music Of the grow ing
of the corn.
The whip-poorwil is calling in the woodland
branches near,
And echoes of the songs Of MANY birds VIC S~acn
The noekins birds. with all their merry trill.
The thrushes. with their touching tones that
float from silver throats:
The wreis and ID, iarks and robins, each with
Uniting in a harmony that keeps each sottest
tone,
Foe near by are the whispers as new heights
and lengths born
The whispers. soft. melodious. OF the growing
Of the corn.
Oh: Well do remember delightful summer
W hen from my cares and labor / enjoyed q
kind reprieve.
Perched high up on fence rail with the dear
girl earth
And laughing at her sallies and the ripplcs OF
her mirth:
While by us WAS the cornfeld, with it's grace
full, dropping plumes
And lilies and Wild roses, breathing forth their
rare perfumes.
Now. sweetly to our memories on wings NJ Lac.
borne
The echoes of that music Of the growing of the
corn. - 80
THOMAS cALvEk.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
Mount Rainier Show.

The most successful show eve held
by the Central Maryland Poultry As
ISOLATION Was the third annual ex-
hibition, held in Potts Hall. Mount
Rainier. during the last week. The
show which closed last night, includ-
ed nearly 400 entries. embracing the
aristocrats of practically every breed
and variety Of poultry produced in
this section of the country.
Among the particularly attractive en-
hibits were the white crested black
polish fowls shown by K. T. Lee. W.
\. kiefer and Louis kinsinger. i. T.
Crandall of Riverdale. Nd. secretary
Of the association. walked off with
about all the prizes for Rhode Island
Reds. and Elwood Tayior's display of
white Wyandottes. from his farm at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
Questions and Answers.

Question-W is q good laying ra-
tion for hens? | am raising single
comb white Leghorns. white plymouth
Rocks and Rhode Island reds.
Acknowledging aside criticism oil the
effort to raise more than two distinct
breeds on the average medium sized
poultry plant. if any attempt is to be
made to keep the breeds distinct and
avoid crossing and the eventual propa-
cation of flock of mongrels. the fol-
lowing rations are suggested:
Dry mash for Leghorns and other
Medit errauean breeds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

that 1t required investigation and con-
gressional action for many years to
secure a valid basis of title for the
United States and for the private per-
sons who were ultimately found to be
legitimate grantees.
At first attempts were made to deal
with the questions of title which arose
on the principles of the common law,
but it was found that this only COM
pucated the situation. and special COM
missions were organized. Investigations
of Spanish land systems were under
taken, the jurisdiction of United States
courts was enlarged and. finally, Con-
gress itself, in the absence of adequate
means for a judicial determination
was compelled to act as a court of last
resort and to affirm and reject titles
upon the best Information it could OBJ
tain through the services of commits
sfons and United States officials who
were charged with the duty of examin-
ing the conflicting claims and of max
ing recommendation in each case as
to the action which would seem best to
meet the requirements of justice.
:,
If all the claims that were made to
land in Louisiana and Florida had been
successful the United
Races Many States would have
barren one within the
boundaries Of the states bearing the
names of the original accessions. The
process of clearing the public lands
from these membranes was a long
and expensive one, and the decisions
on Florida and Louisiana land cases
take up much space in the early Su-
preme Court reports.
By 1850 the situation had been SO
cleared up that the United States was
able to take action that was of inesti-
ma BILE value to the states bordering on
the Mississippi in granting the entire
body OF lands which were overlooked
to the states in which they were To-
Gated for the purpose of allowing each
state to undertake reclamation work
and to receive the benefits which would
result. The first grant OF swamp lands
was made to Louisiana in March. 1S49,
and this was followed by grant to
Arkansas and by general legislation
affecting all states in which similar
conditions prevailed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

responsibility of the grant. The unit Of
land measurement was the "arpent' OF
varying quantity. ranging from ~ 70 90
per cent of an acre The arpent of Paris
32.400 square feet The grants in Louisi-
ana were intended to give comparative
ly small frontage on the river with a
depth of approximately four times the
frontage. the proportion varying with
the contour Of the country.
Such of the regulations for granting
land as were promulgated in written
form and have
Reuuisites for been preserved. re-
Securing Grants. acter and the pos
session of some property as condition
of . grant. Money payments do not seem
to have been so necessary as was ability
to use the land and especially to keep
back the river and to maintain roads
and bridges to insure uninterrupted COM
municati ton. To this end, industry and
character seem to have been preferred
by the Spanish governors to ability to
pay for larger amount Of land than
would be actually used, and it was es-
timated at later date that only one
fourth of the grants had: been completed
by the issuance of patents. such issuance
indicating the payment of actual purchase
money.
The remaining three fourths of titles
of actual settlers were found to be
based on written or even verbal per-
mission of Spanish governors TO oc-
cupy and improve the land. inc per
missions thus granted were. aiIowsn "
descend to the heirs of the grantees:
could be transferred by bargain ana
sale and were even subject to seizure
under court process for the payment OF
debts.
BY retroactive provision of the
terms of purchase of Louisiana and
France by the United States. grants OF
land made subsequently to the cesslon
of territory by Spain to France We're
invalidated, so that the second occu-
patton of Louisiana by the French from
1900 to 1903 had no marked eject Oh
the titles to land.
President Jefferson purchased from
NAPOLEON Bonaparte, then first consul
of France, all the territory in North
America that France had received from
Spain by the secret treaty OF san
ndefonso, made in 1SOo- AFTER the
purchase. a difference of opinion arose
as to the boundaries between the
French and Spanish territory as de-
fined by that treaty. Spain maintained
that nothing had been cedeas.east OF
of New Orleans was still Spanish
possession. The United States claimed
territory east of the Mississippi ana
which was included in the Spanish
claim, of the boundaries ,,hud g. Of ives, West
territory. The dispute was ended by
the treaty with Spain Of 1919. by which
Snain coded to the United States all it's
territory east of the Mississippi.
The United States was thus put in
possession of the title to vast area of
country. the greater
Gets the Title proportion of which
to Vast Area. prior grants to pri-
vate persons by the sovereignties
which had held It. This ungranted land
became property Of the United States
without incumbrance and was carried
at once to the stock of public lands
of the United States. The remainder.
however, which was affected by
grants to private persons. was so COM
Mica ted as to title. by- con Stating ella i'm q,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
When Hopping Mad.
From the Boston Transcript.

From the Boston Transcript.
Newcomb Uearning gol)-What do
you call it when you strike at the
ball and miss
Badger-Well, that depends largely
on the quality of your vocabulary
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

In northern Idaho and Montana.
summer. 35 per cent of the fires on
national forests were caused by rail
roads, 26 per cent by lightning and 10
per cent by campers. The remainder
were due to brush burning and other
miscellaneous or unknown causes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
FOREST NOTES.

great deal of the oak used on the
Pacific coast comes from the eastern
part of Asia.
To guard against tree repair takers
or quack tree surgeons, the Massa-
chusetts Forestry Association will in
spect the shade trees belonging to i1s
members free of charge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

The Sihlwald or city forest of Zurich.
Switzerland. add to the towns rev
enues s'.-o per acre year. reducing
the amount needed to be raised throu.b
taxation by more than $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

A mountain lion recently killed in the
Grand Canyon game preserve, which
adjoins the Tusayan national forest.
measured ten feet from nose to tail.
Mountain lions and other beasts of
prey, such as wolves, coyotes and wild
cats, are killed by forest officers and
game wardens because they are a men
ace to stock and to game animals,