davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
Inc First Attempt to Standardize the
Abilities and Value to Society of
Distinguished Women of All Periods
BY DR.. Hans Huldricksen
The Famous Swedish SocioIo,;.,

Nhhf wohah In this day of woman's in
creasing and admitted force In the
worlds affairs. will welcome faithful
ahai!sis OF the claims of the women OF history
10 Inc TILE OF eminent" Who are the emil
neht women Of history and how did they &C
quire or achieve that emnence? Were they
born TO it. as in the case OF certain expresses
ana queens? Was emnence reflected upon
hem by their eminent husbands, in the
ase OF the beheaded wives of Henry VIII. OF
England? Or did they achieve cminence by
me exercise OF their own genius as did Har.
deur?
or still greater Interest Is the answer IN the
question: How are these eminent women OF
oistory TO be graded in respect to their ndi.
Ndhai degree of cminencc?
III u matter of much sausfac.iop IN ha
HDle 10 state that such faithful ANALYSIS has
al iast been made. and all these questions an.
''"cred In most convincing manner in ths
.atcst publication of the Science Press Now
fofk by Cora Sutton Castle Phi. D. in a vol.
Women"
-. quite appropriately Mrs Castle first estab
nsnes her standard Of emnence in the case OF
women. She writes:
DIR. Francis Gallon who made tho Arc, ,
'lstical study OF distinguished men definod his
use OF eminent thus: When sneak of an emil
men. man mean one who has achieveda
position mat is attained by only $50 persons in
5000 ~ pei sun III eac"
WINE my selection IS closer mathematical
~ than Cations, among the S6S women whom
nave designated as eminent, some are in.
ciuoed because of circumstances over which
tney had no control, such as great beauty or
.o"se"ital misfortune Many were born TO
err positions; TO others is due but little
4 eoit FOR the fact that they married men
snHlciently eminent to accord them a pJace in
hlstory Some led spectacular lives and were
notorious rather than meri,orious MANY OF
them were women OF unusual intellectual abiI.
ny and were eminent in the ordinary connota
lion OF the term"
me list Is selected and the names tabula,ed
according 10 degrees Of eminent by a system
thatleaves nothing TO be desired. The author.
ltlcs are SIX standard encyclopedias and bio
graphical dictionaries recognized by scholars
Al America, France, Germany and England
j retained, writes Mrs Castle sfor my lis,
'Ae Ehame OF every woman noted in any three
OUT OF the six encyclopedias or dictionaries
Ny original intention eliminate from
The lower end OF the group until had 900
convenient and sufficiently large number vii,
which to work. But when had discarded tbs
twenty.three Biblical characters the entire
number was only 1868 1t is sad commentary
on the sex that from the dawn of history to
,Ie present day less than 1000 women have
accomplished anything that history has record.
ed as worth while. One cannot evade the
question, Is woman innately inferior TO man
or has the attitude OF civilization been 10 close
the avenues of eminence against her?
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26

Regarding occupation which formally
was held In much less dsesteem than nova.
days. the author makes this interesting note:
me mistreSses-which group includes the
early Greek courtesans-rank high and Justly
So Our standards have changed. and while
our moral sense may be offended at seeing
twenty.nne eminent women so classified we
are led to believe that. In many instances,
these women. whatever their morals. we're in.
tellectuay among the most capable of their
sex. Restricted by the social customs Of their
umes they found in this relation an oppor.
unity 10 meet and ASSOCIATE with men of their
own intellectual power. Were it not So It
scarcely seems probable that mere beauty or
pleasing personality which fascinated some
weak'minded king could have been sufficient
reason for the high degree of merit which
history has accorded them"
1t appears, however, that in modern tines
marriage has been of doubtful advantage where
the eminence Of women is concerned. The nine.
teenth century produced seventy eminent
women Who we've unmarried, and the number
of this unmarried group decreases steadily
backward through the centuries The author
summarizes as follows:
The 142 unmarried eminent women can ma
De said to have won greater eminence than
those VINO married; their average length OF
HE was not longer; 72.5 per cent of the un.
married group belong to the last two centIriez.
and 69.S per cent of them are English and
American
Eminent women OF the nineteenth century
nave married ten years later in life than those
OF the twelfth century. There we're a few
1fteen-year-old brides in the last century huh
there also of sixty-seven In the
fourteenth century. the Oldest eminent bride
was eighteen, and in the fifteenth century.
twenty.six.
Rerormers and musicians marry latest IN
life. The average age of eminent Russian
brides is ls.4 years; of American, Ell years.
Eminent women have not, on the whole
made particularly successful wives, since lie
per cent. Of the ISL unions of which we have
record have ended in separation or divorce:
80 OF the 81 cases OF dissolution occurred in
families where both husband and wifi wer.
famous But since twelve of these women aro
- Birth the real facts for the women who u.on
thelr emlnence by personal effort are that q
writer's actresses, musicians 9 mothers I
scholar, politician, and l woman famous fo,
ntE [eIglon' were separated from husbands
VINO were also eminent,
1t is interesting to know that Auo;
women OF ability live the average 2S vear.
longer than Scotch women, 3.6 wears 1oneer
than German women, ga years lonper thon
ehelsh women, and 10 years longer than tbe
,,.i t "oiieh oi france. Since We are young
nation we must take into considera tion the
iact that our average is not reduced by o.riu
uealns IN earlier centuries, as is the casa
WIN WI" oider countries, but 1t is also unouestion
IDLY truse that our position in this table reflects
credit on the physical vigor of the hmer;c.n
people as we'll upon our hygienic and saai
tary conditions and the skill OF Americor
physicians and surgeons"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26

Of yours?"
That cannot tell you, for I've
never once seen him." came the
frank reply. 81 procured his work
through advertisement, and this he
sends me through the post But all
the same" she added. II think I
know something OF what he is like"
And the picture?"
is that of man ruthlessIy. but
just as surely. crushing out all the
5000 IN Ills nature, and writing we'll
ana iearnedly of subjects which,
while outwardly protesting to be-
iieve In, he knows TO be both false
and even dangerous!"
GOOD heavens!" interrupted Ar.
sight?" 'A onu
But. seeing her look of astonish.
ment. he controlled himself with an
enort. Presently he grew calm again.
MS voice regaining its former music
and beauty
Iell ME MORE" he said. "Thi.
client OF yours grows interesting"
THAT is just what he IT," was the
warm reply, land very clever, hence
the reason his works are so popu.
lar and sought after. suppose
but"
But WhatY" eagerly.
Does he realize, wonder. the
Two great things he is missing in
life?" IL
And those?" still more eagerly.
Those you mentioned: Belief in
his Maker and fellow men,"
Argus's eyes again grew dark with
suppressed anger.
Isn't this jumping to conclusions
and judging others?" he asked some.
what CURLY
Il don't think 30 in this case
came the low reply. "You see,
nave typed his work now for over
Two years, and it's always the same.
puisatlng with sneers at religion and
hatred Of"
Women .particular?"
Yes. women. But how did you
know?"
Argus evAded her question and
continued gravely:
TO take the latter fret. Don't
you think that perhaps he has lust
cause for hating women in general?
is it not within the bounds OF nos.
sibility that once he loved and was
deceived?"
"And IL II was" came the infer.
rnption. lis 1t fair to judge all women
by one deceitful member of their
sex?"
Argus shrugged his shoulders and
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
BY Barry Genung

only made ME think thoughts which
nothing else could have given rise
to-"
1T has ever been famous for that.'
And yet" she began, and then
paused
Wont you go on?"
1 was wondering" she said, how
men and women who feel and know
this concerning and all nature can
yet profess to deny a Creator?"
Argus's face became clouded
1T takes some getting used to-"
he admitted but once the idea has
taken root it sticks"
Marie was startled at the change
of tone.
DO you know" she said thought.
fully, that you often remind me OF
my client"
Here Argus's eyes peered into hers
eagerly.
Tell me-" he said sternly. docs
he, too, suffer from fits Of self-disxust
and passion brought on, good folks
would tell you, by his unnatural
scorn and hatred of both his Maker
and his fellow men2"
HI surely must" came the low
reply.
H's work implies this, tn sn?''
NO ..lat /. ii wouldn't to ar or
binary rcado-. perhaps, but some.
how ! seem able TO rad bet v,an the
Ines, and"
And what, child?'
Still Marie paused.
1T is difficult to explain just what
see there-between the lines"
Won't you try?" came in low,
eager tones.
The big, gray eyes grew thoughtful
as in imagination their owner con.
jured up the unknown author of
those vastly fascinating, though
strange and even terrible writings.
Sometimes" she said refiectiveIy,
and Argus had to bend to catch her
words. II catch glimpses of a man
who 1t was intended should be hap.
py, but who is, instead, cynical and
restless. Heavens! how restless,
And. worse Of ALL"
What, child?" came from the man
al her side in stif1ed tones.
look Of infinite compassion had
its home in her eyes when at length
the words came:
Even scoffer at religion and
all that is beautiful in life!"
Argus laughed heartily, then "a
quickly became serious again when
he demanded:
viii you tell me what sort of
man he is-this mysterious client
irbtn R.serv.d
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26

continued his arguments.
Perhaps she, this beautiful A..
ceiver-for they are invariably hes,,.
.iiui-aiso shattered his belief In
thlngs spiritual" ~
once again wrath and Indignation
olazed away in the expressive eyes
as a bell: ou' ciear
Then he IS no man 10 condemn
wMat is pure, beautiful and vastly
ueiPiui because one hypocrite chose
10 cloak her lies and deceit under =
sem Diance of the real thing"
argus stared anew. and this time
with something akin to awe as we'll
as wonder ut the earnest face 60
near him. The moonlight showed
MN the sensitive color coming and
gong on it. while the labored breath.
ing and tightly clenched hands al,
denoted deeply stirred feelings and
real earnestness. And. noting all
ms Argus asked himself when and
where this little city typist had So
learned to think and feel. Indeed.
30 curious was he to know that he
asked her. She turned quickly at
tue query, not sure whether sar.
casm mad not prompted it. But the
HeiS oeI ihce ABOVE her was too
grave for aught but deep and kindly
interest, and. feeling strangely re-
heved that 1t should be so, Marie
replied
Il hardly know. for Pm NOT VIVA,
the world calls good or even reli.
gious. Perhaps" she added in
lighter tone, sit is one of the things
the sea has taught me-"
living?" o' LUZ
Earlier in the day these words
would have raised all the independ.
ence OF which the girl was capable
out now they merely caused her 10
turn aside. saying abruptly:
1T must surely be growing Iate2n
Argus looked at his watch.
You are right, it is late. Come.
leading the way-"I know a shor,
back to the town"
a long pause. then suddenly a
merry laugh broke out.
Argus paused in the very act OF
kicking to look his amazement.
Then you're not angry?" liza ven.
tured.
"Of course l am that :,
was, / mean. Il"
Hall an hour later they were arm,
arguing the point
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
If eminent women per 100000

From the point OF view OF the number OF
eminent women per ten million of population.
france is not the only nation whose nineteenth
century ratio falls TO equal that of the eigh.
teenth Germany and. especially, England have
lalled signally in this respect Italy Is the
only one OF the five modern nations which at
present SHOWS gain in ratio of eminent women
according to population. in the last century
over the previous one She seems to be rising
out OF the trough of curve, the crest of which
was reached In her sixteenth century Renais.
sance
THESE figures emphasize the promising sltu.
at i Ia america In another half century, 1t
VIII undoubtedly be seen that while our popula.
Ion increased from 3,930,000 In 1890 to 5Ol55.
.so In 1850. there was corresponding increa So
I'D the number OF American women of ability
per ten million OF population. No more vital
problem in connection with the social and edu.
catlonal life OF woman could be propounded
tnan the one revealed by these curves Is the
rdclai dltference an important factor or must
ns iooh 10 me social conditions and educa.
tional opportunities of the time for an expIana.
ton! Why is 1t that England starting in tha
iifteenth century with the same ratio as JtaIy
70 eminent women per ten million of popula.
- Gohl snouiu rise In the eighteenth century to
f3, while Italy fell to B?
29S per cent of the eminent women
rled men of sufficient distinction to fall within
our criterion of emnence selected for the
women. Twelve of these men were married
10 more than one of the eminent women and
twenty-five Of the women had more than one
eminent husband. The women with eminent
husabnds were chiefly OF French, English Ger
man, Roman, Italian, Spanish, Byzantine and
austrian Dlrth The average eminence Of these
women is nigh, but 1t s. in part. glory re-.
hected from their husbands, since 81 or 324
per cent OF this group are classified under
Marriage.
CLASSIFIED by occupation literature has pro-
ouced the largest number of eminent women,
and conjugal devotion the smallest number.
Here is Mrs. Castles table:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
<fV TOu appear very busy"
Marie Rochester looked
up TO find herself addressed

AVoo a nppsaF n Esry Dasy ,,o, al
up to find herself addressed
by the tall stern looking man she
had met so continually in the narrow
paved streets Of 81. Peter Port,
Guernseys capita.
81 am busy" she replied. hardly
knowing what else 10 say under the
circumstances.
May sit down." he asked, point
Ing TO the closely written sheets be-
side her on the seat. The girl hid n
smile with difficulty.
{" understand all sea is on this pier
are free" she replied demurelS
enough, and collecting all her papers
together i'll Il neat pile, she was sooE
again absorbed in their contents.
Meanwhile, Gerald Argus sat watch.
ing her
WHO and what was shc?" lie Won
dercd. For days past now, she had
Interested him ana aroused his Gu.
riosity, despite his oftrepeated boast
that no woman living had the power
10 do that
If she only would look up ne
unused irritably Sitting there max.
ing idle gucsses rs to who and what
tiitS SUI HiiSllt oe WIZ IcHueIeu UOu-
bly, irritating by the fact that her
eyes were never once lifted despite
sundry coughs and fidgetings on his
part
You appear very busy" he again
ventured. when sore pressed for pa
thence.
SO you were good enough TO re.
hihrk before you sat down." she OBJ
served, looking up with her finger ON
word and a world of merriment in
her eyes.
oh, if my curiosity annoys. or
worse still. amusea you, l can move
on. he said huffily, but paused as a
merry laugh rang out. ''You might
share the joke" he said, undecided
whether to join in the laugh Oh be.
come angry.
Don't you see it?" she asked.
You make the saline absurd remark
tior 1t is absurd to remark on what
Is obvious), and then, when | venture
to draw your attention to il. Won b..
come angry and talk Of moving on"
~ twinkle showed in his keen dark
eyes. AS daren't remark OH tho
tincness of the morning." he rctorted.
may ] venture to ask why you are
at work on such glorious day?"
Because l have my living to earn.
and SO cannot AFFORD to be idic.r
lis there anything very remarkable
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
THE STENOCRAP

Ill that?" she asked, with the fainlcs!
suspicion of curl In her upper lip.
His face glowed beneath The tan.
1.-THE truth is" he said lamely, Il
never thought of girls like YOU hav-
Ing to work for their living"
Obi"
You are sarcastici"
Am II" Still the tone was cynical
and not little bored.
Her indifference nettled him
Yes, YOU are" he retorted. AMI
its hateful in grill"
Marie's fine eyes flashed as she
turned TO him and said simply: Il
Wish 10 go OH with my work"
Il beg your pardon" was all he
SAID then, but added presently:
what like in girl"
Aagain merry laugh rang out
That's right" he said, with one
OF his rare smiles, but growing serious
again almost at once, he bent over
her so that his words would reach
only the ears they were intended IN
reach.
Won't you be friends" he asked,
instead of first laughing at and then
growing angry with me?"
The eyes Of the girl he addressed
met his questioningly for one brief
survey, and apparently quite satisfied
with what she saw t.icre. Il shupelv
brown hand was impulsively held our
TO him, while all equally impulsiye
Il wilt" met his ear
Having seen the Packet leave for
England, they quilted the bier. or
White Rock, Is the Guernsey landing
stage is called, and hugging the coast
all the while, presently came to the
small and semi-tropical gardens
called La Vallette. The heat being
intense. they traverscd the long tuu.
mel hewn out of the solid cliff. ana
so gained the tiny sheltered BAY
which lies beyond, and warranted
cool spot on the warmest day.
Presently conversation turned ON
their respective stays in the island.
You've seen absolutely nothing" lie
said, resretfully. Say you'll come out
this afternoon. I'm really very
good guide" lie added, with one OF
those returns to boyishness which
were perhaps his chief charm.
This morning was wasted" size
reminded him. "and will have to be
made up"
May | ask the nature of you-
Work?' The tone was diffident con.
'iderins the great curiosity which
1t.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26
J am a stenographer!"

Il am a stenographer!"
a WHAT"
"A stenographer" (proudly ant
very distinctly.
You. stenographer at IS {
week."
Seven dollars" she corrected him
land" (watching him covertly) "ou
of this ] manage to pay board ant
lodging, clothe myself. and, what i.
best of all. keep out Of debt"
Still he remained silent. and gains
at her as though he hadn't properly
understood her.
Marie noted only his continued ST
lence and surprise, and both, to
gether with her great pride. goaded
her on. II am even able to take a
months holiday every year" she
continued, providing bring my
work with me-"
Here she paused, and. receivins
no reply. and translating his silence
according to her own key, the girl
threw him a whitening glance OF
scorn.
1T is very evident you regret hav-
ing asked a city stenographer to be
friends she said, $50 pray forget
all about 1t, and rest assured that
she. the stenographer, will never
presume on the honor once offered
her."
Good heavens." he exclaimed,
when at last the words would come,
"can you think me such a cad? IL I
was silent, believe me. 1t was be-
cause my surprise and admiration
kept me So"
1t was Marie's turn to be silent
And Argus. deeming her angry,
and feeling he must say something
more, Numbered on: 81 always
thought Of stenographers as-well,
not quite ladies'" he finished lamely.
Marie's face softened at his evil
dent confusion. but. nevertheless,
there was something strongly re-
sembling reproach and scorn in her
eyes as she faced him.
Don't you think your attitude
toward girls forced by circumstances
to work for a livelihood rather
cruel?" she asked
"Cruel?"
Eyes, cruel she repeated. with
flashing eyes, for what else is 1t to
condemn girl to the plane OF non
always coin words to
suit my meaning" she paused to ex-
plaim --"merely because she is
'orccd. through circumstances over
which She has no control, to take
yer place in the army of worlds
Copyright. 1914.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-07-26

workers instead OF staying at hom,
10 work samplers"-
Il hardly think you will find man,
ladies who do that nowadays" ht
said, smiling at her vehemence.
Womanlike. she loathed interrupt
ton, and more especially when il
breathed of contradiction, so witt
lifted head she hurried on: ITO me
the word lady is very vague much
prefer woman. 1t seems, somehow
to possess a fuller and altogether
deeper meaning"
The smile had left his face, and
he stood gazing with deepening in
terest at the eager, excited face as
ne muttered: so it does. So it does.''
Tea over. hey decided to return
by following the narrow and ram
bling cliff path rather than scram-
BILE for seat in the decidedly Jolly
van which plies between st. Peter
Port and the different bays. and dig
nified the name of bus"
AT every bend of the narrow foot
worn path some fresh picture seemed
10 stand out, challenging, as it we're,
their sense Of beauty and admira-
ton, and so it was dusk ere they
reached the tiny closed-in bay which
lies nearest the town, and called
Fermain
Here they paused TO watch the
moon rise. which ut did presently.
And surely never moon rose on more
peaceful or solitary scene!
The silence was intense. except
when on the still night air the shrill,
weird Cry OF some night bird would
IAN, making the silence which fol.
lowed still more eerie by reason of
It's having been broken. One Of these
small visitors had just brushed past
Them, disappearing almost ere the
echoes OF his weird cry were hush
ed, when Marie shivered as though
with cold and turned TO Argus.
Take me home" she pleaded.
The sea frightens me; it has such
mournful sound tonight"
Argus drew her arm through his.
You feel things far too deeply"
1e said chidingly. yet withal ten
derly.
Come away" she pleaded; at is
Loo too sad tonight"
AT the top of the cliff they again
THE sea has tired or depressed
Tou, or has it done both p" asked
argus, anxiously scanning The iireI
ook on her face
Neither" was the reply. 1T has
tho Star Company. Great Britain 7