The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-07-05
TURKEYS ARMY IS !
BEING REORGANIZED
Plan Of Redistribution to Meet
New Situations Decided
Upon.
WILL INCLUDE 13 CORPS
Tactical and Strategical Meth.
DDS Are Based on Ger
man Models.

best to red!stribute the Ottoman army
IN order TO meet the situation created by
the Balkan war, the alleged danger or
Hellenic attack on the Anatolian lttoral.
The necessity OF keeping hrmer hold
on the Arab lands and the increase of
RUSSIAN strength and mobility In tho
Caucasus was among the first to be
discussed by the Turkish military author
tiles after the conclusion OF peace with
Greece, says the Constantinople corre-
spondent OF the Times.
IL has been solved. Under the distribu-
ton scheme OF 1910 the fourteen army
corps and five Independent divisions OF
the Turkish army were thus stationed
Europe and Smyrna, twenty-four divi-
sions eastern Asia Minor seven; tho
Arab countries (Syrla, Mesopotamia and
Araba), eleven. with one division in
Tripoll in Africa.
| The new scheme provides for a total of
thirteen army corps and two independent
divisions. Five army corps (iifteen divi-
sions) are to be quartered in Thrace and
western Asia Minor. The three army
corps on the Russian frontier are to be
brought up to "A strength OF nine divisions
The Arab provinces are to be held by Ave
army corps and two Independent divi-
slons, totalling twelve divisions. The
total strength Of the army IL now thirty
six divisions as against forty-three divi-
sons in 1910. and is better concentrated
than when Turkey held Albania and
Macedonia.
Old Credits" Disappear.
The old Redif OerritoraD forma tons
seem to have disappeared from the army
list Tho Redif divisions. extensively EN-
ployed in all stages of the Balkan war
were Of small value. Underoficered.
short of baggage animals and wheeled
transport, too often full of unframed men
they were sent into action before they
had chance OF shaking down. and
mostly melted away in the first month
OF the campaign
In place of the commanders Of Redif
divisions number of Officers command
ing reserves" have been appointed to
various stations II is not known what
the military authorities propose to do
with their second line reservists in case OF
war. They may draft them into the
first line to III up gaps az the need
arises; they may, again, extemporize .
certain number of reserve divisions.
The thirty-six divisions are each com
posed of three two battalion regiments
and rifle battalion. To each army corps
is attached a two battalion rife regiment.
The one exception Is the Adrianople
, Army Corps. two divisions OF which tthe
I, Fourth and SIXTH are composed Of three
= three battalion regiments and rife bat
TALON. while the rife regiment attached
numbers three battalions. II is difficult
| to form any idea Of the total war effective
? OF these 2S5 battalions. The peace effec-
tive OF those which have passed through
quarters In Asia Minor varies from 400
TO 400 bayonets. Those stationed at Con-
-tantinople average 400.
Enver Pasha has proposed new legis-
! lation whereby service will be reduced
| from three to two years and all exemp-
G tons abolished, even for the sole sup
=, ports OF their families who are to re-
i ceive an allowance from the State. Tho
e fact that the Government annually oh
y tains revenue OF over 100000 tS45.-
. To-.
Pc. renders It unlikely that military exemp-
4 tons will be Immediately abolished what
II ever may bc urged in favor Of such
n measure.
i As for the cavalry and artillery. II need
only he said that the former Is under
IL horsed and will not be able to put more
e than so per cent. Of It's nominal effective
ia in the field for some time to come. Ow-
n ing to the heavy losses OF modern ma
e. terial most of the artillery regiments
y stationed In Asia armed with old
breech loading Krupp field guns and
e II is indeed doubtful whether the
" hrst four army corps are entirely sup
" piled with quick firing pieces. Very
J. heavy expenditure must be incurred to
ID make good these deficiencies. Nothing
o seems to have been decided as to the re-
It organization OF the transport and SAM
" tary services. The heavy losses among
- officers and men from disease last win
g. ter. especially in Thrace, where typhus
u RACED, snow tlht the latter service To-
p quires 10 he thoroughly reformed,
:. Based on German Models.
10 Turkish @, teal and strntegical methods
Sc appear to hc stu based entirely on Ger
ia man models This does not prevent Turk
d. ish officers from having n high opinion
II | Of the hght!ug qualities ~ the Austrian
"a and stll more Of the Russian forces
re though Germany. owing to the real or al
y legged superiority of her great general
- 1t -
~ event ~ a European war. OF the French
IL army little is known. and still less of the
w British.
~ OF their recent antagonists Turkish on
w GERS rate the Bulgars hrst, and after them
~ the Serbs. though they consider that the
u latter will be weakened rathc- than
:" strengthened by the Incorporation Of hui
o. garophil Macedouians I'm what was pre-
-, vously "a very homogeneous force. Ths
~ soIidity aud determination ~ the Bugar
" and the efficiency Il his stan work ana
general organization have inculcated
y" very Wholesome respect for his lighting
~, powers among the Turks. who on mo
90 other hand seem 10 bold the Greek army
al IN unvise contempt and bas' their apHs
80 Citations Of the ltaliaa army on It's I'M
IN naturally passive attitude In Cyrenalca
q. and Trpoli The Constautnople garrison
~ is certainly being moro efficiently trained
90 now than formerly, and though musketr'
H. instruction is stiN rudlmentary. the tac-
sh teal handling 81 the men is good,
" II is difficult to obtain much Information
ut AZ Ia training in the provinces or q "N-
press an opinion as To the ultmat" success
~ ur the German military mission which
h. now numbers closc on nifty officers. thers
ne il strong desire for progress awons
al most Junior officers and I'm the general
II STAFF but recent appointments and dism'F'
h. sails have no, allayed the suspicion mat
X political considerations stu play too large
n a part In the allotment OF the higher COME
IT, mands, and il remains to be seen whether
,t the young leaders of the army VIII hl'e
liz the patience for the Flooding Np'rN
OF work" which reconstruction d'mtud"' N
IL" the army AS IN other departments *
state, the Turks, however much they NAV
q now rely on foreign advisers, nave in t."
Il, last resort only then selves to than"
T., they succeed or fail
90 T.. v. Lucas starts Magazine.
re LONDON June 26--E. V Lucas, Lambs
n best blographer. liz to edit M" mas-
IN azine. Tho first number will in'.ud
IN letter from Ruskin. discussing the poeto