The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-09-25

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture
All the domestic sheep In America
have originated from importations.
most OF which have been made from
European countries since the begin
ming Of the nineteenth century. The
me woods are found upon the western
ranges and to lesser extent through
the Ohio f1ne-wool region. They are
undergoing some changes to improve
the carcass and increase the length Of
wool; some foreign blood II being
used to do it; nevertheless these SEQ
lions may still be regarded ~ being
fine wool In character.
In Tennessee, Virginia and Ken
lucky. the spring lamb region Of Amer
lea. Southdown rams are very popu-
lar. Through the central farming Sec
tons Of the country the medium-wool
breeds have taken possession, the long
woods largely being in locations more
favorable to them In the North and
Northwest. notably Canada. Utah.
Idaho. Montana and Oregon.
1t is not always possible to say that
there Ia one best breed for any Sec
ton. There may be two or three that
would do equally as we'll, but 1t Is
undeniable that some breeds are far
more suitable than others for a given
location. All the breeds have their
good qualities and most Of them, II
properly handled, will give good re-
suits in some section of America. The
problem is to get the ones best adapt
ed to particular conditions. Some
breeds have a larger number of high
class individuals than others. but q
truly successful breeder can improve
any of them.
AS rule, but one breed should be
selected. Where there Is more than
one breed upon a farm 1t Is a difficult
matter to keep the gates all closed at
the proper time and prevent crossing.
II several farms are available more
breeds can be handled, but the diff
culties in management are much in
creased. The most successful sheep
breeders In America handle but one
breed. The fact that there are more
breeds than In any other class OF farm
animals may in itself make the selec-
ton Of one breed rather difficult.
Some of the deciding factors should
be climatic conditions, feeds available,
altitude, the particular line Of the in
dustry to be followed, and popularity
IT the breed In the section in which
the farmer Is located.
The effect of climate Is strikingly
illustrated in the evolution Of the
sheep industry Of the extreme North
west The Willamette Valley in Ore
gon, now SO famous for its long woods,
was once partly occupied by fine
wool sheep. The large amount OF rain
tall, which comes in a long-continued
drizzle, caused the hay and weed
seeds that became lodged in the wool
to grow and become green upon the
sleeps back. The Merino breeds were
decidedly out OF place there. After a
time the Lincoln and other long-wool
breeds were introduced and the in
dustry assumed different aspect.
Their long locks act as a thatch, car
rying the water on. and these breeds
thrive as they do In few places ex-
sept their native counties In England.
The kind Of feed produced is OF i'm
portance. The large breeds have been
veloped upon land that has produced
abundantly. They are capable Of TAX
Ing care of a larger amount of feed,
such as the moist fertile lowlands pro-
duce, while the smaller breeds succeed
better upon the less abundant fare of
drier and less fertile pastures. There
Is evidently some connection between
the general high quality OF the smaller
breeds and the scanty, more nutritious
leeds that they receive under natural
conditions. II they are removed to
the lowlands they lose much of their
characteristic type and quality.
The effect of altitude upon a breed
is also apparent, but how much OF this
effect is due to the amounts and kinds
Of feed It is difficult to determine. Ger
tain II is that the mountain breeds
are smaller, more active. more hardy.
and better able to care for themselves
than their lowland neighbors.
The Importance OF hardness in the
mountain breeds was shown during
The last century along the Scottish
border. The Cheviot had for a num-
Ger of years been displacing the black
laced Highland breed because of its
hner quality Of wool and somewhat
better carcass A number of severe
winters worked havoc among the
nocks of the former breed by caus-
ing very heavy lamb loss, and the
Highland breed, because of its hardi-
ness, came back into it's own.
Whether the breeder expects 70 spe-