davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

once this would put the defense 30
near TO the foe that the menacing Yep
pelins could be destroyed or made to
pass overhead at so great q distance
that they could neither reconnoiter nor
drop their projsctiles with any reason
able chance Of hitting any particular
section Of q city or q fortified position.
Again the aerial defense would have
another advantage. It could be painted
in q mottIed fashion on its upper sur
faces and sides or colored to resemble
the underlying background. This would
make 1t less visible and more difncult
target for the dirigible's guns. while
the latter. lying sharply against q lu-
minous sky, would be far easier mark
for the gunners on the buoyant fort.
OF course this order Of aerial defense
would not in itself be a certain pro-
lection against the aeroplane, which
could ny at much lower attitudes and
be q more difiicult object to hit because
OF its high speed and smaller dimen-
sions But a form of guard has been
suggested which, in combination with
the air fort, should reasonably hold at
a distance threatening flying machines
unless they were willing to run the
Tl6h OL wen
The proposition has been offered by
an English naval oficer which Is moth
ing short Of an aerial edaptation Of the
submarine mines employed for the de-
tense OF harbors. Engineer Comman-
der George T. Simmons would use q
large number Of small captive balloons.
These balloons would hold aloft explo-
sive bombs so suspended that they
would be set on by the fitting Of the
balloon or by electrical circuits con-
trolled from the base below. These
buoyant air mines would be moored to
a large reel by means Of light but
strong wire cable. and this, In turn.
would be wound upon q reel carried
upon two wheel truck much after the
fashion Of a gun carriage and. accord
ingly, extremely mobile.
These mine balloons could be sent
aloft from any position, and they could
be held suspended at any desired
height In this fashion the aerial re-
gion surrounding a city or a fort, or
even the greater part Of the area i'm
mediately overhead, could be planted,
so to speak. with these explosive guar
dians, and woe to the venturesome
aeroplane that would run afoul Of them.
Indeed. It would not be necessary to,
make these balloons the bearers Of
mines, because their connecting cables
would in themselves be peril to the
flying machine that might become en-
tangled
OF course neither Of these remedies
Is going to be an absolute safeguard
in time>of war. because a foe would
not be worthy Of his name II he were
not willing to take desperate chances
to- attain his own end Therefore we
may reasonably expect some sort Of
devices that would have for their aim
the destruction OF projections such as
we have In mind. but even 50. the odds
would be In favor Of the defense. and
the beieaguered fort or the exposed city
would stand less chance Of effective at
tack then than is the case now with
only the guns on the ground to ere
upon their aim targets way up IN the
s,E WILLIAM SCOTT.
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

It does look as II the intervals between
were dangerously wide and all too am
pie for the determined push OF many
hundreds OF thousands Of hostile troops.
Let US make the strategic situation q
bit clear.
An invading army may reasonably be
lfkened to an unwinding rolling ball Of
twine with its free cpd secured upon
some base in the homeland This con-
meeting trail rearward represents the
line Of communications by which the
onward moving troops draw supplies
from that base and over which their
wounded must be carried to the rear.
In a measure II may be possible for
the invaders to live upon the land or
to draw the needful sustenance from
the supplies In captured towns and
cities. but an army to be effective must
be furnished with something besides
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

gold and given several addresses, both
in France and Germany. to which he
has to send his reports in code and
under different names.
It Is an International law, but an un-
written one, that q sovereign cannot
lawfully require subject to serve as
a spy. except In a singular case, and
that Of the last Importance. Neverthe-
less, no country win ever lack spies.
for the work that Is required Of them
Is 50 adventurous and so well paid that
thousands OF men would jump at the
opportunity to become a secret service
agent.
The Austrian stan asserts It can
prove that the movements Of the army
around Lemberg were divulged to the
Russians BY means Of smoke signals
from housetops. 1t has been the prac-
tice, the Austrlans believe, for the peo-
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

pie Of Galicia to send up different col
ored smoke through their chimneys
when the movements Of the Austrian
army became known in the towns and
villages.
Thus certain kind OF coal would
give black smoke. Wood was burned
to give white smoke The method
would probably never have been, guess
ed at were 1t not that a spy was caught
and confessed before being shot.
The Galicians are also accused OF
heliographing information to the Rus
sian outposts by means Of sacred mir
rors bearing the figure OF Christ on
one side as they passed. their heads
bowed, In professions through the
streets. Lighted candles placed IN
windows were also used as signals foa
the dispatch Of secret information.
WALTON WILLIA1lR
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

. formidable weapons than the mobile
artillery in the field, and under the pro-
lection Of this more powerful attack
they can make. sorties which are cal
culated to do more damage to the be-
siegers than an equal number OF them
could do In assaulting the permanent
eefsnses. What - the consequence q
thisP
why, either the foe must trJ to
carry the city and its forts by sheer
numbers and at tremendous sacrifice.
as was done by the Germans at LIege
In the frst few days. or they must leave
an investing force Of ample numbers
and settle down to siege operations
with guns Of special design One
doesn't have to be q strategist to real
iZe what follows. Naturally the tnyad-
ers must leave in their rear thousands
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

vast armies now moving toward Berlin
Is plain
Each OF these cities can hold thou
sands OF defenders. and behind their
sheltering walls or defensss one man
counts as the equal OF five attackers.
Again. these same troops have another
advantage over those in the open, out
lying country, because the guns OF the
forts are generally heavier and more
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

most serious problems with any nght-
Ing force. and especially so when the
advance carries the battling corps into
the heart of q hostile country. During
some Of the campaigns OF our civil war
the Union troops had more men guard
ing this' military artery than were ac-
tually present at the front or upon the
battlefield The strategic significance
of the seemingly widely scattered for
tined cities upon which the Germans
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

food. Fresh troops must be brought up
to take the places of those falling in
battle or those left along the way to
guard the line Of communication.
guns to strengthen the front and to
make up for deficiencies. These Of me-
cessity must come from the homeland
base.
As q matter Of fact this Is one of the
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18
Photo. BY American Pres. A.loolata. :.

Photos by American Press Assocsatlsn
5-5irdssys view of Berlin. 2.-czar
holding sacred icon before kneeIing
troops. 2.-Czar inspecting Red
Cross division. 4.-Russian cossaeISs.
6-Gsnsral' Rennsnleampf, in conn
mand of Russian forces. s.-Russian
field artillery.
BY JOHN J..BREEN.
~AN the Russian forces march
into the German capital?
Berlin, unlike Paris, is in no
~ sense a fortified city in the re-
Stricted sense Of that term. True, the
kaiser has Immediately about him there
even in time OF peace many thousands
or the best OF his troops, but $4,000 SOL
diers do not constitute fortifcstjons.
although they may go a long way to-
ward helping In the defense. As one
drives through the wooded outskirts of
the Prussian capital now and then can
be seen the slope of turf covered
breastworlEs that may and may not
mark the presence Of hidden artillery.
At best, these ield fortifications, for
that is in substance what they are. are
DuA haOuc8l uullb LOE Lno support Oh H.
tantry and are not expected to under
90 the stresses OF q siege. This is all
quite unlike those formidable belts OF
detached forts that make Paris the
military marvel It Is r
Berlin's main line Of defense consists
Of the very formidable fortified posi-
tons at Danzig. Virschau, Narienwer-
der, GraudenE and Thorn that line the
banks Of the Vistula- Here it is that
the German forces must put up their
strongest fight, for failing in the next
strategic position permanently fortified
IL Posen. After Posen on the Warthe
river then comes Berlin's second line OF
permanent dsfenses on the Oder, be-
ginning at Custrin, including Glogau
and Breslau. Neisse might be included
In this chain, and likewise Glatz, al
though these cities are properly on the
Austrian frontier.
Scattered Fortified Cities.
To the layman It may be q bit difa-
cult to understand how these scattered
fortified cities can be counted upon to
halt the inroads OF an invading army. ]
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

THE European war was only a
few weeks old when military
engineers. particularly those
~ attached 10 the allies. evolved
many devices to protect cities and
marching troops from aerial attacks
one OF the first and simplest devices
perfscted was designed 70 cara for the
Inarching troops. Immediately thar q
graat army encaRped disguised tents
we've Sssctsd-that y T. say. tents that
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

were made to look IKE part OF the
landscape Over the canvas which pro-
tected the soldiers beneath was spread
brush. shruhbery and even trees. The
effect was particularly deceiving.
Aeroplanes we're completely fooled.
The question fs asked again and
again whether fortified cities and large
military defenses can protect them
selves effectively against the aerial as
saults Of bonh dropping zeppelins and
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

aeropIanes- WIN the ingenuity Of the
allies ind ways to halt the attack Of
air craft on the large cities7 II the
military engineer and the aeronaut fail
TO % this then 8 Tar more grswsome
tale Of warfare is apt 70 be written.
Military engineers have talked Of an
aerial fort 1000 feet high. which could
be 90 moored that It could remain
there in any wind in which a dlrigfble
air craft could b maneuversd. At
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

-OREwARNED Is forearmedI
L. In their efforts TO get a line
on what the enemy was doing
u all the forces engaged IN the
The Washington herald., 1914-10-18

To the layman It may be q bit diA-
cult to understand how these scattered
fortified cities can be counted upon to
halt the inroads OF an invading army.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
FROM LUCnLE'S DIARY

the material back she grew so angry that was glad our interview was merely telephonic.
 'But, dear, I said soothingly, you appeared a rather reluctant purchaser, and I felt a bit uncomfortable about selling a gift so think we should be satisfied now. Let me know the cost of the trimmings. and I'll include the amount when l send you your money the first of the month"
 The first of the month!" echoed Betty. You make me tired, Lucille ' am sorry that Betty is slangy at times. You know very well that af- ter buying trimmings and hiring a dressmaker I wish to keep that mater ial and I shall be obliged if you'll will send it back at once"
 Why, Betty, I can't. Mime. Brazee has already had it cut into for me. I'm sorry"
 Yes, you're awfully sorry," she exclaimed, sarcastically. T do think you're the limit How I wish Betty would be more elegant in her speeeh.-- Chicago News.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
MARKETING FoopsTUFFs

What a demand is being made upon dle foodstuffs of this country by the war is disclosed by the large expor- ;ation this year in comparison with ast. September figures of foodstuffs tent abroad show that it is fortunate indeed that this country had the means whereby it could respond and that nature so favored 1t as to furnish a Rrge supply in certain lines at least
 During that month there were ex- ,ofted foodstuffs to the value of s6S,- l9G000, large gain in view of the act that in the same month last year he value was but $38. .7s6, ,624. We have wheat this year wherewith to meet he demand, which was not the case a rear ago. Tn the third quarter of the rear there has been exported s9,250,- 100 bushels of wheat where for the anne period last year the exportation ras but 59,0o0, ,0o0 bushels.
 In other staple goods there is also tn increased movements out of the country Eleven times as much fresh Ieef was sent ont of the country in september as during that month in 913 while canned beef exports were
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
Was It an Appeal for votssa

Mir. Editor: Wednesdays Bulletin, referring to the democratic rally at Middletown. Monday evening, evident ly quoting from some other newspaper, says of Congressman Bryan F. Mahan: He explained fully the letter sent out by him under the frank of congress and denied absolutely that it was an appeal for votes"
 Now, if MT Mahan is correctly quoted, it is well to examine the letter Itself. It begins: My Dear Sir: am a candidate for reelection as repre- sentative in congress from the Second congressional district of Connecticut, and wish to submit for your approval my record in congress, as well as my record in the Connecticut legislature, in the house and senate" Then fol- lows his statement of what he has done in congress and in the state leg islature. It concludes as follows: Hoping that my record in congress will meet with your approval, I re- main" etc. followed by MT. Mahan's name.
 The printed letter was mailed to voters in this district a few days be- fore the election. If the statement that he was candidate for reelection to congress with the hope that his record would be approved, mailed to voters just at this time, was not an appeal for votes, it would be hard to state what its purpose and import was. How were these voters to indicate
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
Not 2 Game Warden.

MT. Editor: Kindly allow me to state for the benefit of the licensed hunters and public of Norwich and vicinity that I have been in no way connected with the department Of fish cries and game since September sth, 1914, upon which date resigned as a special protector of fish and game
 l have served as a deputy fish and game commissioner Estate game war den) in Massachusetts and have rec concentrations showing that enforced the game laws without fear or favor while I held the above ofhes. I have passed the Connecticut civil service examination for the position of state game warden and my name is at pres ent on the certified list of eligibles for that position.
 As I am being unjustly criticised for not enforcing the game laws, I take this means of informing the H. censed hunters and public that I am in no manner responsible for the en- forcement of the game laws in Nor wich and vicinity.
 Yours very respectfully,
 LINDSEY G. SMITH
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
VALUE OF MACHINES,

sOnce again has the voting machine demonstrated its efficiency and ~.'- ability. The accuracy, the speed which it permits in ascertaining the results of the days voting, the assurance which is given the voter that his vote has been counted as cast and the overcoming of the long tedious hours of counting under the old paper bal lot system are all welcomed in large communities. The mechanical method of obtaining and adding the vote of the electors is so far in advance of the Australian ballot that it is futile to attempt comparisons.
 Perhaps no better evidence of the dilatory operations of the Australian ballot is needed than the delay ir the announcement of the vote in the city of WilIimantic until 3.15 a. rn., aI- most daylight Of the day following election, while in Norwich and even such cities as Bridgeport, New Haven, Waterbury and New Britain it was known within two hours how the elec- lion had gone. Election results are what the people are anxious about and they are entitled to know as early as possible and Norwich finds occasion to congratulate itself on every election Hay that it saw fit some time ago to adopt the voting machines.
 It is the ideal method of voting and sven though not absolutely perfect it Is so far ahead of the other method that it's shortcomings become insigni- hcant It is e noteworthy fact that DO voter lost his right of franchise on he machines whereas every town which used the ballots had many to throw out as illegal.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
MExlco,s ACTION.

A number of well known Mexican names have been advanced for the provisional presidency of Mexico be- fore the conference of peace delegates. Whether the situation has been helped oy the selection of Gutierrez for that 'ffice and as the chairman of the con- 'erence awaits developments. As might be expected it suits in some quarters and not in others. To Villa it is satisfactory, but the selection was made in the face of the protest submitted by Carranza-
 Coming from the lower middle class Gutierrez was merchant until the recent revolution, but in acknowledg- n1ent of his assistance to the consti- nationalist cause he was made gov- ernor of the state of San Luis Petosi by Carranza- His lack Of fitness for the important position is generally recognized. He is not an educated man and under ordinary circumstances would have little or no claim upon the office.
 The deHberation of the peace del- egates should have brought forth the best available man in Mexico. It is difficult to think that the selection warrants such a conclusion, however, for his record makes it evident that something besides the best interests directed the action. It is perhaps well that his election is for but twenty days. Therein may be manifested enough of his qualifications or dis qualifications to guide the action when the time comes for the selection of the provisional president, who is to serve until permanent president can be chosen at an election.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
THE PROGRESSIVE VOTE.

In assigning a cause for hi~ = reo- and the downfall of the remainder of the democratic ticket, Gove.4-U. -l..~- win says that 1t was due to the return of the progressiVes to the republican party. That this was one of the causes Of the turnover is unquestionabIy a fact. There can be no doubt Of it for when there is a drop from &, 900 votes for the progressive candidates two years ago to less than 10000, it Is quite evident that a large part of that difference went to the republican party, whence it came.
 This support of republican candi- dates was by no means confined to Connecticut. It was to be found wher- ever elections were held, all New Eng land New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio and other states disclosing the deterioration of the progressives even to the point where they lose their Standing as a party.
 < While indications had foreshadowed q large return of the progressive party members to the republican fold, there can be no question but what the ob- ject lesson of the democratic admin tstration and what might be expected from an endorsement thereof, had a powerful influence upon the minds of all party voters. It was reflected in the large vote which was cast which is pretty good indication that the soundness of republican principles car ried much weight in the opinions of fhe electors. It was the logical action after a comparison of past and present conditions and it means that the most effective results are to be obtained from within the party.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05

sight times as large Sugar figures showed seventeen times as much sent abroad while corn and rice each show ed about 100 per cent improvement Oats and harley were Sought exten- siveIy here. thirty. times as much of the former and eleven times as much of the latter being exported this year in Septemtner as last.
 Such sales may have only their tenn porary meaning. but there are mar kets which the present conditions should make 1t possible for this cotin- try to retain permanently.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
A Parallel Case

 Mr. Editor: You say in one of your editorial notes today that Those German warships appear to have put Turkey in the proper position for a good basting."
 Very true; and the unru1y demo- cratic boy who has been very pro gressive'' in his waywardness the last two years was in a good position Tuesday to get a good spanking, and he got it, so that he can now ,"sit up and take notice"
 But he couldn't sit down today with comfort, even on a we'll filled cushion Of live geese feathers
 The geese were too much alive Tues day to say at home and let the demo- cratic office boy" sit down again in office on them.
 When better times come again, we can haste Turkey without the help O. the Germans and whip it into oul mouths with the old vim end relish we had in republican times when we could afford tn do it.
 Our Barnes will see that the turkey for next year will be well fed and per, haps our Freeman in his dtstricct vii get one with congressional garder seeds.
 c. H. TALcoTT.
 Norwich, Conn, Nov. 4. 1914.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
Try This for Your Cough.

Thousands of people keep coughing because unable to get the right reme- 1y. Coughs are caused by inhamma- ton of throat and bronchial tubes. What you need is to soothe this in hannnatioa. Take Dr. Kings New Discovery; it penetrates the delicate mucous lining, raises the pnlegm and quickly relieves the congested mem branes. Get a soc bottle from your druggist. ''Dr. Kings New Discovery quickly and completely stopped my cough" writes J. R. Watts, F1oydale, Texas. Money back if not satisfied. but 1t nearly always helps.
Norwich bulletin., 1914-11-05
Lieutenant Peterson, of Chicago, a Victim of the Grip.
 Left Him so Weak Had to Quit. Restored to Health by Peruna. Took His Place Once More.

For at least thirty years Peruna has had great reputation as remedy for grip It especially valuable in where the acute stage of grip has passed The patient remains weak and Respondent No appetite. Cannot work. Everything goes wrong It is remarkable what Peruna will do in such cases Lieut. Peterson of Chicago is example. Mr. C. O. Peterson, Lieut. Engine Co., 56, No. 3527 N. Hamilton Ave, Chicago, Ills, writes:
 Last year had severe attack of la grippe which left me eral of my friends advised to build up Peruna and found by far the finest tonic and nvgorao had ever used In two weeks strong and well, and if exposed to unusual hardship incident with my duties at fires take dose two of Peruna and find that it keeps me good health"