davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

of


Belgrade. but also prevented the loss
of Hungary.
Hunyady. at the head of division of
his crusaders, accounts tell, boarded
the gallery of the Turkish admiral and
personally grappled with him, while
the galley of the Turkish admiral and
of another vessel filled with troops,
held aloft the crucifix, while he in
spired them with his enthusiastic
words. The crusaders, excited. to
pitch of fearless heroism by the faith
of Capistran and the dauntless valor
of the example set them by Hunyady,
fell upon the infidels with an irresist-
IDLE frenzy. The great Turkish block
ade was destroyed. and their f1otilla
either captured or annihilated. Bel
grade was saved. Provided with re-
Inducements and provisions and in
spired by the presence of the monk
tian forces soon completely routed
the sultan and his Moslem hordes.
Mahomet was compelled to retreat
with loss of more than 10000 of his
men.
In 1921 Solyman the Magnificent cap
tured Belgrade. and it remained
Turkish possession for more than a
century. By the treaty of 1547 Soly-
man annexed to Turkey large por-
ton of Hungary and Pennsylvania. In
1858 Belgrade was retaken by Max
Emanuel of Bavaria, in III by Prince
Eugene and in 1889 by Laudon, having
after each successive treaty of peace
been restored to Turkey. The zigzag
tended in a curve outside the town
from the Danube to the Save and were
lined with a trench twenty feet deep.
Signs of the old Notifications We're
still plainly visible more than cen
fury and a half later.
BY the treaty of Adrianople the porte
acknowledged Servia to be an indie
pendent state, governed by its own
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

value of the property left behind him.
servia being backed up in her demands
yielded. In 1867. for the first time in
centuries. Belgrade was really free, and
her grand old castle fortress which had
braved a hundred sieges was at last in
the possession of her own national gar
rison.
The fortress stands Immediately
above the junction of the Danube and
the Save, both rivers being commanded
by its guns. 1t was originally con-
structed by the Austrians and capable
of sweeping all approaches with it's
batteries and resisting all attacks for
a long time. But in later years the
famous old fortress was permitted to
fall into decay.
Belgrade consists of several districts.
On the northeast side of the fortress
is the Dortschol, or old Turkish town,
which was once the principal quarter.
now dilapidated and almost deserted.
On the Save is Savamahala or the Ser
Wan quarter. with steep streets. The
modern city, with new thoroughfaYes
and some fine buildings. lies on the
south side of the fortress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

princes. 1t was permitted the free
exercise of it's own religion and given
other privileges, but it was obliged to
pay annual tribute to the sultan. Down
to the year 1867 the old fortress was
occupied by a Turkish garrison. and
by law the star and crescent had to be
displayed on holidays from one of the
battlementS
To Prince Michael Belgrade owes the
first attempt to secure properly
drilled military organization. He also
determined to rid his country of the
last vestige of Turkish domination and
force the retirement of the Turkish
garrison from his capital At the be-
ginning Of his reign he refused to go
to the field in front of the fortress to
hear the Turkish "berat" read. which
was the customary form by which the
election of the reigning prince was con-
firmed Michael. in 1852. commanded
the bombardment of the city of Bel
grade.
BY a conference of the powers he de-
manded an immediate evacuation by
the porte of every fortress in Servia.
The prince agreed that every Mussu'-
man should receive, in installments, the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

The chief street in King Peters CAPT
tai Is Rue Milan, formerly known as
the Terazia. On this Milan street are
the best of the shops, the Orthodox
Greek Cathedral, the old palace or
konak. and the new imperial residence.
The town actually contains few sights.
OF the two parks, the Kalimegdan is
the chief promenade. 1t lies between
the town and the fortress. Topschider is
three miles to the west and is the
country residence of the Servian rulers.
1t was in Topschider Park that Prince
Michael Obrenowitch was assassinated
June 10. 1868.
No better idea can be obtained of Bel
grade and it's people than is summed
up in the accounts of its two most in
famous murders. 1t was Prince Mich
aers habit to walk in the summer time
in the shady paths of the park OF
Topschider near his summer residence,
a habit the conspirators took advan-
tage of, after several other plots had
failed.
Servia never had better ruler than
Prince Michael, to whom Belgrade par
ticularly owed much. Nevertheless. one
afternoon in June, 1858, while he was
strolling through one OF the narrow
paths of the park. accompanied by MS
aunt. her daughter and granddaughter
with only a single aid-de-camp ana a
groom in attendance, he was shot down
in cold blood.
Il X
AS the prince and women. followed at
respectful distance by the aid-de-camp
and groom, were walking along. four men
suddenly appeared around the corner OF
a path. Bowling low, they stood aside to
let the prince pass, but the next instant
four shots rang out. Without a murmur
the prince sank to the ground and expired.
His aunt's daughter, who had walked be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

CONTINUED on Sixth Page
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

~HE Austro-Hungarian en-
bassy is in receipt of an Of
fetal dispatch in which it is
announced that the Austrian
troops have reached the
Kolubara, which is a branch of the
Drina river, and occupied the town of
Valjevo, forty-five miles southwest of
Belgrade.
Vienna reports state that there has
been nine days severe fighting along
the banks of the Kolubara by the 5th
and 9th Austrian Corps. Thousands of
prisoners. many cannon, machine guns
and much war material are said to
have been captured. The occupation
of Obrenovac, twenty-four miles
southwest of Belgrade, is also an
nounced.
Belgrade or Beograd, the White
city in Servian. is the capital of the
Kingdom of Servia. 1t is situated most
picturesquely at the junction of the
Saw and the Danube. The city is
known in Hungarian as Nandor- Feb
ervar. and il is the site of the ancient
Roman Singidunun, which was fort
ress of the greatest importance during
the Turkish wars 1t is the center of
trade between Austria-Hungary and
the Balkan states and most impor-
tant strategic stronghold
4 recent dispatch from Sofia. Bull
earis, reports that fifteen regiments,
with seventy barge loads of supplies
and ammunition have arrived from
Russia, after 500-mile trip down the
Danube. to assist the Servians in their
struggle to prevent the fall of Bel
grade. Appalling weather conditions
now prevail; there has been a heavy
snowfall in the district around Nish
the snow being SIX feet deep, il is re-
ported. in some places. The bad
weather, it is believed, will aid the
Servians. who already occupy strong
positions of natural strength i'll the
neighborhood of Belgrade.
The White city would be more ap-
propriately styled the RED city" for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

no capital in Europe has a more san
guine history. The capital of Servia
is notorious even in modern times for
it's infamous deeds. Belgrade has re
peatedly changed masters. The ia
nous old frontier fortress has alter
nately been the bulwark of Christian
Hungary and the advanced post of the
victorious invading infidels. 1t has
known for centuries all the viciss-
tudes of war and has had as stormy a
history as any fortress in Europe
In 1856 Mahomet II, flushed with his
great victory at COnstantinople, laid
siege to Belgrade. The news of the
Moslem invasion filled all Europe with
conformation and terror. The garrison
or Belgrade was cut off by Turkish
hotilla on the Danube and hara ssed by
repeated assaults on the land side. The
garrison was on the very point of
yleidlng, when a fleet appeared. bring
ing an army of Christian crusaders to
their relief. The army which arrived
SO opportunity was commanded by the
Two great generals, Janos Hunyady
ana the monk, John Capistran.
To this day the name of Huuyadv is
one of the most revered in Servia and
Hungary. The story runs that when
king Sigismund of Hungary was flying
from the Ottoman hordes after one of
ms unsuccessful engagements. he met
maiden, Elizabeth Morsiney The ia
nous John or Janos, was horn To
Eliza beth in her little home town of
hunyad, Transatlantic, in 1887 The
enII9 grew up to be valiant and sue
cessfui general In time his victories
against the inidels caused his name
ana fame to ring throughout all
Europe On the death of Ladislaus /.
king OF Poland. Janos was enthusiast
lcaLy CHOSEN regent of Hungary. The
grade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

John Capistran was an Italian and a
franciscan monk, known in Catholic
annals as Saint Giovanni di Capistrano.
BY his enthusiastic preaching through
Europe he raised an army of cru
saders. An unmanageable and rude
crowd, Hunyady whipped them into
shape. He made them into the disci-
pinned army which not only saved
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

do is to obtain signatures on the dotted
lines. The company will then send the
college man some money Not much,
but some.
This life offers many opportunities
for the graduate. He can go from one
boarding house to another until there
are no more. If somebody asks him 10
nav in advance ne can leave that town.
The company will accept orders from
Bjnghamton or anywhere.
And the work brings the college man
in contact with nice people-people VINO
are fond of literature.
A college man is supposed TO nave
his mind under perfect control at all
times. He can think quickly, he can
think accurately, he can see point
at once. He has ready command OF
tool which every business man must
need-his head. These things being
true. our athletic friend may decide
Immediately that it is time he breathed
some fresh air, moved over, so 10
speak. to another position on the hring
line.
We think this, by all means, is the
wisest thing to do in such clrcum-
stances. We know a chap who carried
a prospectus-i. e., sample pages which
the advertisement said would be mailed
to the interested party, but the publish
ers sent the prospectus and our friend
instead-through Ohio, Illinois, Missou-
ri and Kansas. 1t was summer but
the people he saw were more interested
in blankets, even, than they were in
books. He failed to make the ac-
ouaintance Of literary people in II.
Joe because he discovered that they
already had a cyclopedia, and so the
only names he could get on the dotted
lines belonged to BARRIERS, elevator men,
and telegraph operators, and not
enough of them to make him a favorite
with the landladies Of the Middle West.
He used to eat an apple for break
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

will receive an envelope filled with
money Figured on the basis of ~
cents an hour, he will, if he has been
faithful and has not gone off on the
picnics with his sweetheart-whom he
refuses to marry until he makes $4,000
a year-receive 81 so for six days of
ten hours each.
If he lives near the factory he can
walk to work and walk home again, in
which event he will not have to omit
any meals if ne let's his laundry accu-
mulate, or wear any soiled clothes II
he does without food. II he lives sew
eral miles from the works he is still
better off than the fellow who is walk
ing the streets of the big city looking
for his first job. The record is said to
be 1,345 miles
The encouraging features Of job OF
this kind are that a man who has apti-
tude for engineering, who is industrious
and sober and learns how to disguise
all the good points in the goods of his
competitor, may hope to be rewarded
by getting on the road, after five years,
at a salary of $40 month, with priv
ilege Of eating at the company's ex-
pense at the best hotel in Wheeling.
Just now this is pipe, as all sales
man has TO do is to entertain men who
in Republican high tariff days were
customers, with gossip about baseball.
Nobody wants any more motor or
dynamo during the psychological de-
preston through which the country is
passing, and about which President
Wilson takes enough interest TO say, at
odd moments, that business men make
the mistake of being as sick as they
think they are, and should correct their
attitude OF mind.
A word should be said about the self
made business man who labors under
the sincere conviction that a college
man is not capable of sweeping out a
grocery store. This is wrong. 1t is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

to start at any sort Of work, and that
no man should think of marrying on
less than 5000 year-no gentleman
that is. You remember you talked
that way, and that you have been out
ten years, and-that your wife. bless
her, can get more out of nickel than
any one you ever saw.
Jokesmiths make fun Of the college
student who comes to town and men
tons his marks and the subject matter
of his thesis, and incidentally refers to
his Willingness to begin next Tuesday
Git being Wednesday, a. m) If he can
have a trustworthy assistant to look
after the details and a stenographer to
answer the phone in his absence from
the office on important business. But
haven't you been there yourself, and
did you find it amusing? Or We're you
one of those unfortunate chaps whose
father had a place waiting for you,
around the mahogany directors table?
When you see an athletic individual,
enjoying a violent tan, and with a mas
terful compelling voice, be kind to
him, because the chances are that he
has recently beloved a valedictory
Grafton i'm tones that were resonant
and Jove-like. and that he is now on
his way TO the Office of the company
that has advertised for young college
men, with personality, to represent
their products out of town.
BE gentle with this chap. He is big
and strong, but innocent Of the fact
that he is about to meet a dapper young
man who never went to high school
who will offer him a job. The college
man may start at once as special trav-
cling representative. He may start for
Elmira, or Penn Yam, right away, if he
has the railroad fare The company
will supply him with everything except
money. 1t will furnish him with IA
prospectus and red and green order
blanks All the college man is asked to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

by disabling accident from accepting
an important commission on the Mis-
sissippi. His chance had come at last,
when in the summer of 1862 he was
made captain, put in command Of the
Kearsarge. and commissioned CURLY TO
get the Alabama"
For twenty-five months WinslOw had
been eating his heart, for fear that his
last chance of distinction would also
pass him by. Again and again the fleet
and wary Alabama had eluded him,
and he would have given up in despair
had il not been for something-faith or
obsession-which convinced him that
the Almighty Himself had commits
stoned him to scourge the Terror of the
Seas. Then, on June -. as the Kear-
sarge lay at sleepy old Flushing, there
came four words from our minister at
Paris: Alabama arrived Cherbourg
yesterday" They say that then, for
the first time in weeks. Winslow smiled
as Togo smiled at Tsushima.
That was Sunday. Tuesday found the
Kearsarge off Cherbourg. She did not
enter port, nor indeed cross the league
line of territorial waters not wishing
to be ordered out under the neutrality
law. Semmes, always game, sent word
that he would come out and fight So
winslow waited again, and waiting was
now worth while. Wednesday, Thurs
day, F. Saturday, the straining
r-'- ,intained, night and day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

lust as Anticipated as the remark Of
Horace Greeley who used to say in his
forcible way: "Of all horned cattle, de-
liver me from a college graduate"
A college education may, in short,
enable one to earn a living, according
to President Judson of the University
of Chicago. He believes a man may
enjoy Plato and learn the business Of
making moving machines or jute bag
ging. He is positive that a college
education can be made to help man in
business-the art of making and keep
ing money. At the same time he ad-
mits that many highly trained scholars
are poor business men. But he seems
to be able to reconcile himself to that
fact About one-hfth of the college
graduates go into business, but success
in business, he says, is quite distinctly
not the chief aim of the higher educa-
ton.
1.-The attendance at college is greatly
increasing-at a higher rate. indeed.
than the general increase Of popula-
ton would lead one to expect" writes
Harry Pratt Judson. And still more
significant fact is the considerable
number in each college class who are
not going into the learned professions
Time was when the overwhelming ma
jority Of graduates went at once to
theology, or law, or medicine as a mat
ter OF course. That is not the case to-
day. A large number of the students
of the time are planning for a business
life, as the statistics of any college will
show
my feet is on my native heath was
the exultant cry of MacGregor. He was
at home and he feared nothing. He
knew every inch of the mountains; the
mountain air in his nostrils was like
wine to quicken the blood; he was
easily confident in his strength and
skill: he was master among his men.
But MacGregor in his tartan plaid and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

fast, and start out with a parrOt-like
description Of the value Of his CYCLIC
padia, urging policemen, when he
could get them at night by appoint
ment, in the bosom of their fast-grow-
ing families, to let their children
brush their minds against the master
minds of the world" for the small price
of ten cents a day. He says that some
boils-a series Of them-kept his mind
off his job during August, and were
a great relief.
on Thanksgiving he had 50 20, which
he spent in Kansas City on the first
meal he had had in three months, and
decided to take up" something else
1t took him till Christmas to get enough
money ahead to carry him back East.
Ever since he has disagreed with those
who advise against a college graduates
beginning business with his father.
Work for father if he feels he can al
ford it, he says. He would not advise
against a father-in-law. The objection
made to starting with ones father is
that it is simply impossible for the
average father to treat his son as he
would treat any other employe. Our
friend says that here the whole argyll
ment breaks down; that to be treated
like the average employe is exactly
what nobody pines for.
II the college man has a place walt
ing for him with one Of the two cleo
trio companies, then he does not have
to worry In that case he goes to the
works as soon as school let's out, and
I is assigned to mis- new duties. A Swede
will probably be at the head of the
chain gang.
If the graduate has strong opinions
about neckties, knows all about the
niceties of social forms, is marvellous
" wise in women lore and widely read
in fiction, IT will avail him nothing with
/ the Swede.
} At the end of the week the student
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

like that of Sampson at Santiago. Then
dawned the day OF fate.
Sunday, June 10, 1S64.-It was a calm
and cloudless morning, and all Cher-
bourg was en- fete. Word had gone out
that on this day Semmes would go
forth and destroy the presumptuous
Yankee. Taking their cue from the
Tuileries, the fashion and wealth OF
Paris had FASTENED thither by special
trains.
The morning began to wax toward
noontime. AT a quarter past ten, the
men on the Kearsarge were dismissed
for church. Winslow stood ready for
service. prayer book in hand and a
frown upon his face. Then the officer
of the deck reported, Steamer coming
out, sir" That might mean anything
or nothing. But the next moment he
added, Heading straight for us, sir"
That was enough With a deep
drawn sigh of qualification and Joy
Winslow dropped the prayer book and
seized a speaking trumpet. Clear
decks for action"
His next order was 10 steam away
toward the open sea. at seeing which
the spectators ashore raised the cry
that the Yankee had taken TO flight.
But winslow's purpose was the grim
NEST feature Of the whole episode. He
was already a mile Outside the three
mile limit OF French waters, but he
wanted wider margin than that, not
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21

for neutrality's sake, but in order that
the Alabama might not. on getting
worsted, retreat to within the safety
line. This was to be fight TO a finish,
and he meant TO take no chances Of a
fiuke
At the league limit, the French iron
clad Couronne. which had been escort
ing the Alabama, turned back, and the
terror Of the seas came on with only
the British yacht Deerhound in her
wake, hyena-like Mile after mile the
duelllsts steamed out into the placid
waters Of the Silver Streak
1t was at 1850 that the Kearsarge
turned. Seven minutes later the Ala
bama, swiftly on-rushing, began a
rapid fire with every available gun.
The distance was 1900 yards, and most
OF the shots went wild. But one went
home, and would have ended the fight
then and there had not a percussion
cap failed in its duty. The shell struck
the stern post Of the Kearsarge and
embedded itself deeply in the wood, but
the cap failed to explode. Had il ex-
ploded the Kearsarge would have been
disabled. AS it was, Winslow kept
right on, closing in upon the Alabama
as the two swept round and round in
concentric circles.
AT last, at nine hundred yards, the
Kearsarge opened fire. slowly and de-
iberately, scarcely one shot to the Ala
bama's two. Bpt there was big pivot
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-21
.rNDAY. June 10. 1864.

4 N0-N1A JUNE Lee low
It was the day set by fate for
the last of our great naval duels.
Such conflicts, rather than feet en-
gagements, had from the first been
characteristic of the American navy.
This last of duels was worthy Of its
line, in ships and in commanders. NO
other ship, not even brakes, had
wrought such havoc as the Alabama
tie terror of tie seas. In less than two
years she had captured and destroyed
more than three score American ships,
and had all but driven American com
merce from the seas. The Kearsarge,
newly issued from a New England
sbipyard at almost exactly the same
time. had seen no active service, save
cruising. watching and waiting.
1t was Cavalier against Puritan.
Semmes, of the Alabama. was Mary
land Cavalier; one OF the most expert,
accomplished and adventurous captains
of his time. Winslow, though born In
North Carolina, was descended from a
brother Of the famous Governor of the
Plymouth Pilgrim colony, and though
an exceptionally competent seaman ne
had suffered a singular series of dis
appointments For his valor in the
Mexican War-he and Semmes served
side by side at Vera Cruz-he was
made master of a ship, which was lost
before he could take command of her.
and In the Civil War he was prevented