Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-06

every farm home. Without it the
health OF the family is in danger,
however attractive and we'll arranged
a farm house may be in every other
respect. 1t is a matter that should
not be postponed 10 a time when
other matters do not press for at
tention, but should be considered the
moment it is needed. The United
States department of agriculture
has just ISSUED a bulletin giving a
detailed description of a simple sani-
tary system suitable for the average
farm home. 1t will be sent free to
any farmer on application.
The new bulletin Is the result of a
careful study Convenience, comfort
and economy have all been consid-
cred and they may all be obtained il
the suggestions given are practically
applied with care and common sense.
If the farmer has neither the time
nor skill to install the simple sys-
TEN suggested, a reliable plumber, q
pump expert or sanitary engineer
should be employed to install q sys-
tenn along similar lines.
The simple sanitary system recon-
mended has four distinct features. 1t
provides for:
l. A pure water supply.
.. Pumping, storage and distribu-
tion of water supply.
8. A durable and simple plumbing
system.
T. A safe disposal for farm sewage.
The above features are described in
detail in the departments new bulle-
tin, which consists of forty-six pages
and contains thirty-eight figures and
diagrams with q number of tables.
Every Farm Home Should have a Pure
Water supply.
pure water supply is one of the
most important factors in farm life
today, as typhoid fever, dysentery
and other disorders may be carried
by impure waters. Farm water sup
plies are very subject to pollution.
OF seventy typical water sup
plies in Minnesota, Investigations
showed that twenty were good and
fifty-n nine polluted. Twenty-Five of
those polluted were bad only because
of poor surface protection, and could
easily have been made safe. Prac-
ticaliy all the surface supplies were
polluted. During these investiga-
lions twenty three of the farms eX-
amined showed a record OF typhoid
fever,
Surface water supplies should not
be used for household purposes, or for
washing milk cans. They should not
even be used for laundry purposes
unless no other supply is available.
Rain water from the roof is often
polluted by dust. leaves, and the drop
pings from birds. Any person who
drinks water from surface supplies
endangers his health if such sup
plies are not adequately protected
and then purified.
FiGtarns for Sfaraua or Surface Sunnlies.
Where underground waters are
hard to obtain cisterns may be used
where the store OF rain water and
surface supplies will be filtered and
partially purified.
The cistern should be of watertight
construction, to prevent leakage and
to prevent pollution from the neigh
boring soil. 1t should have an over
dow drains and tight cover. There
should also be Suitable provision for
straining or ffltering the water pre-
Vious to its entrance to the cistern.
Wells SHOULD Be Carefully Safeguarded.
Farm wells are often polluted from
local sources. They are often located
for convenience near the barn or
stable or close to the back door, out
tof which household slops are thrown.
The soil surrounding the we'll becomes
saturated with organic filth and al
lows the surface water percolating
through it to carry it's load of con-
tamination into the well.
The curbing or covering is often
loosely constructed of boards, per-
hitting small animals and vermin to
fall into the well, and surface water
carrying filth and manure, especial
ly after rains, runs into the well
from the top.
subject to contamination. OF III
deep and All shallow farm wells eX-
amined in Indiana 116 of the deep
well waters were of good quality, Is
were bad and 16 were doubtful; 159
of the shallow well waters were good,
200 were very bad and 43 were doubt
full.
The safety of water supplies when
near sources of possible surface poll
luton often depends largely on the
character and quality of the ma
terial in which the well is sunk.
The farm well, especially shall
low dug well. should be located some
what above the barn yards and stock
pens, at least in such a position that
the surface drainage from all pos
sible sources of contamination Is
away from the we'll.
If local conditions and prices will
permit it is a good idea to provide
impervious floors with water tight
drains for farm buildings and stock
pens. Under the same conditions
concrete manure pits might well be
provided to not only prevent the
liquid manure from polluting tho
neighboring soils but to save the
manure. No garbarge, manure or
rubbish should be dumped into sinks
or basins in the immediate neighbor-
hood and these should be fenced off
and kept free from polluting matter.
Methods of Sewage Disposal.
{ The house should be provided with
some safe method of sewage disposal,
while Stops and garbage from the
kitchen should be deposited In tight
" covered garbage cans and disposed
Of by burying in the fields, burning
or feeding to pigs. The use of privy
vaults and teaching or overdowing
cesspools should be absolutely avoid
ed. since they are likely to be sources
of the worst contamination. The
farmer should become acquainted
with the various types of wells and
the best methods of protection, and
the we'll should be so protected as to
exclude filth from those sources of
contamination which it has been i'm
nossible to remove or have been over
looked.
In the selection, location and sink
ing of a well it is always good idea
TO consider permanence in ADDITION