Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1914-10-22


Nv Prof. F. 8. steece, Washington
Springs, S. D.
Annl;cation made FOR registration
,rder the U. S. Copyright Laws, by
tho Jerauld County Review, Wesslhg-
ton Springs, South Dakota.)
The Great Gulf Stream.
Tho northern boundary OF the
limited States west of Minnesota Is
tho 4Qth parallel of north latitude
The British isles lie between the 49tn
and 5sth parallels. London is ooo
miles north of Minneapolis. Glasgow
is 200 miles north of London, or eoo
miles north of Minneapolis.
The mildness of the climate OF the
islands is due to the influence OF the
Gulf Stream, which flows northeast
from Newfoundland across the AT,
lantic ocean, passing to the northwest
of the British isles4 This WarnA
ocean current gives to these lslanas
a mild and equable climate. These
conditions, together with a very Ter
file soil. have been important rae
tors in building up a great nation:
No part of the islands being far
from the sea, the people naturally
took to maritime pursuits.
The River Clyde.
Glasgow. because if it's advantag-
cons position on the River Clydeq
early became one of the principal
sea-ports. Later, when the extensive
use of coal and iron gave such a
great impetus to manufacturing, GAS.
cow took high rank in industriess
that required these two products, SIT
uated as she is in the midst OF rich
coal fields, and not far from cheap
iron ore. =
Port-Glasgow, while the seaport or
the rising city Of Glasgow, enjoyed
a rich trade in sugar and tobacco.
She still shows the ruins OF great
sugar refneries and warehouses.
The d%ecadence of the town as a
Clyde port began with the deepening
of the river, and the consequent
transfer of the overseas trathc TO
Glasgow herself.
A Comprehensive Plan.
The development of the River
Clyde between the port and the sea
may be said to have begun in the
wear 1853, when the authorities be-
gan to improve the channel by build
ing jetties at different places and so
narrowing the waterway that he
current was made stronger with the
result that the 'scour" carried the
sand seward.
These operations were so success
full that in 1890 a comprehensive
plan was drawn up for dealing with
the river all the way from Glasgow
to Port Glasgow, a distance OF IsR
miles. Under this scheme a perma-
nent navigable channel was mapped
out. and the work of widening and
deepening proceeded, afterwards on a
very definite line. In 1910 there was
a depth of II feet throughout at high
water of neap tides.
Improvement in Dredges.
Recent years have witnessed great
development in the types of dredges
used. Some of the vessels used on
the Clyde are capable of lifting ma
terials from a depth of 48 feet, while
vessels drawing % feet of water pass
safely up and down the channel,
which is of practically uniform depth
from the city to Port Glasgow.
The Clyde pilot board controls the
pilotage of the river, while the Glas-
gov local marine board represents
the British board of trade at the
port. It has jurisdiction only in mat
tiers relative to the navigation OF
ships.
This board may form a court Of in
auiry for the investigation OF any
charges Of incompetency or miscon-
duct among officers or engineers OF
mercantile marine, and hold examin-
ations for granting certificates to the
masters and mates Of vessels.
The vehicuIar Ferry.
Glasgow harbor tunnel was opened
in 1895 but, owing to the close com-
petition of the vehicular ferry boat
Of the Clyde navigation trustees
which operates Immediately above
the line Of the tunnel, the owners
closed Il. Since then the corporation
of Glasgow has taken charge OF the
tunnel and re-opened 1t for traffic.
The vehicular ferry mentioned
above is a kind of floating bridge so
~ :. al ~
constructed that the platform or deck
can be raised or lowered to the level
of the pier according to the state OF
tide.
In addition to the societies already
described there are many other or
g~anizations whose object is to pro
mote the welfare Of navigation and
maritime companies.
EAE. E1EN&f%a
Interests of Other Countries.
The varied commercial interests OF
other countries are taken care of by
an extensive consular service. Con:
suls from all the important govern,
ments Of the world r stationed here,
The American consulate Is located at
So Mitchell street.
In such d port as Glasgow vessels
| from all narts Of the world may be