The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-11-05
Health and Sanitation
including siphon and cast iron man
hole covers, was only $51.61.

/ including siphon and cast iron man
hole covers, was only $51.61.
From the flushing chamber four
inch vitrified sewer-pipe, carefully
jointed, leads to the field to be irri-
gated. Here gate valve is located.
making connections with each Of
two distributing systems.
Connected to the gate valve, two
complete distributing systems are
installed. These are made from open
jointed three-inch drain tile, laid
within 10 to IA inches of the sur
face and at very slight slope. not
over two inches in 100 feet. II
greater slope is given the tile, the
lower end of the field will become
flooded and useless. The end of the
tile lines should be plugged to pre-
vent animals from entering. The
drainage will be more perfect If the
tile are surrounded with coarse
gravel and then covered with dirt
In a porous soil one foot of tile will
dispose Of one gallon Of sewage a
day; in a clay it will require as high
as three feet of tile to the gallon.
Usually the gate valve is changed
by hand, allowing the sewage to
flow into one system for a week,
then changing the flow to the other,
and so giving the first system
complete rest for a week at time.
The material for two complete sys-
tens, 10 feet long, including gate
valve, costs about $46.
Surface Systems.
That is the ideal sewage disposal
plant for the farm. The surface irri-
cation type is less expensive and un-
der favorable conditions just as ef-
fective. If any gently sloping grass
land is available, the sewage can be
piped directly to this from the flush
tank. The sewage empties on the
surface of the ground and no pre-
paration, other than a small brick
platform to prevent washing, is need
ed. With the surface irrigation sys-
TEN it is advisable to have three diff
ferent outlets from the tile, thus Civ
ing each plot of ground longer rest
There is no offensive odor from Z
correctly installed surface irrigation
system, as the sewage is diluted to
about one pound of solid matter IN
120 gallons Of water.
Filter Bed.
The filter bed, the third type Of
disposal plant, is merely a smaller
but more active filtering bed than
the others. 1t is a prepared bed Of
sand, gravel and cinders. Where
land is scarce it is the most frequent
type. A bed 3 to feet deep and
20 feet square should serve family
of five indefinitely. In fact, sand
filter becomes more effective the
longer it is in use. To allow of even
distribution of sewage over the sur
face, 1t should be run out on the bed
in a perforated pipe Of some sort, .
galvanized roof gutter will do ex-
cellently. The bed must be we'll un-
der drained Raking over the sur
face every few days will make the
oxidation more complete.
The installation of a complete sew
age disposal plant is no more diff
cult, in fact, Is not SO difficult az
draining twenty-acre field. But
after installing a system in cannot
be left entirely alone and be expect
ed to do good work. A slight amount
of regular attention is needed. Every
part Of the system, including the
siphon, needs regular inspection and
occasional cleaning.
For some time now the farmer has
had the privilege of having as mod
ern water supply system as his city
brother. Fifty three per cent Of the
farmers want this convenience, less
than per cent have 1t.
DE ALWAYS on guard around