davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04

The state superintendent of schools
from Des Moines gave an excellent
talk here Tuesday on consolidation OF
schools
Bert Rosser of Des Moines visited
his brother Saturday and Sunday.
An architect was here Tuesday
showing designs for building school
houses.
Erwin Darnell is home from Mt
Pleasant where he has been attending
school for several months.
Mrs Minerva Dowing and Silas Car.
uthers were married in Bloomfield
Saturday.
The election Saturday for voting Of
bonds for the consolidation Of the Troy
school resulted in votes cast; 1919 for
and 100 against.
Prof. v. o. Cudd of Kansas City lee
tured here Wednesday on veterinary
work.
Verla Parks is on the sick list this
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. Hull of Bloomfield
were in town Saturday.
Arthur Young who has been in Chi.
cago during the winter is visiting home
folks.
Art Hubbast and wife are moving to
Hit, Mo. this week.
County superintendent of Bloomfield
Miss Mcconnell attended the speaking
here Tuesday in the interests Of the
school.
The young folks enjoyed a party at
the home of Misses Grsce and Gladys
Knott Saturday night.
sell were married Wednesday at the
home Of the groom's sister, Mrs. Hattie
Parks, Rev. Wilson officiating.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
WITTE BURIAL IN
PLEASANT GROVE

Sigourney, April 2.-Tuesday after
noon, from the residence in northeast
Sigourney. occurred the funeral of
Mrs. Ernest Witte, who died at Iowa
City on Sunday last. Mrs Witte for
some time had been in failing health
and only a few days ago was taken
to Iowa City for medical treatment
where she succumbed to the fatal dis
ease. She was about 30 years of age
and leaves surviving her husband, two
small children and father and mother.
The body was brought home Monday
and funeral services were held from
the home on Tuesday afternoon and
she was laid to rest in Pleasant Grove
cemetery.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
IN MEMORlAM.

Jonathan NJ Ross was born in Ken
lucky December 5, 1855, and died at
his home near Blakesburg March 26,
1914, aged IS years, three months and
81 days.
He moved to Wapello county, Iowa,
with his parents at the age of ten
years, on the old Ross home two and a
half miles northeast of Blakesburg,
which he sold year ago and then re-
tired from active farming.
He was married February IA, 1878,
to Miss Melissa Willard. To this union
were born twelve children, one of
which died in infancy and the other
eleven have lived to manhood and
womanhood, namely, Joe, Mrs. Friday
Simpson, Charles, Mrs. Emmett Bar
ton, Grover, Mrs. George Weidman,
Mrs. Clint Gregory, Mrs. Alva Dun
wordy, Mrs. Bernard Shelby, Misses
Ruby and Dollie, who, with the ex-
ception Of Joe, are present today. He
also leaves to mourn his loss his be-
loved wife and twenty grandchildren.
one sister, Mrs. Ward Ross, and Phil
Ross of California, and Mr.. and Mrs.
Mort Willard, his wife's parents, be-
sides a host of warm friends.
He confessed faith in his Savior at
Russell chapel Christian church Janu-
airy, 1910, under the ministry Of
Rev. Ed Hastings, and had ever lived
a conscientious believer and worker in
his faith.
+ He suffered untold pain for the past
fifteen months, from acute muscular
atrophy. But he bore his burden
manly and amid all that kind hearts
and loving hands could do great and
good life was thus ended.
The funeral services were held Sat
urday, March %, at the Pleasant Home
church, conducted by E. A. Hastings of
Floris and interment was made in
Brooks cemetery. Contributed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
---------~ -=----
FARM lNGTON.

Mrs. Elizabeth Taylor. wife of A. M.
Taylor died Saturday after lingering
illness of Bright's disease. Mrs. Tay-
lor was born at Wellsville, Ohio March
IS, 1851 and came with her parents
to this place when quite young girl
where she has since made her home
She is survived by her husband A. M.
Taylor and two daughters Mrs. Fan
ME Cappleman Of Pennington and
Mrs. Amy Tobin of Cincinnati. The
funeral services were held Sunday at
the Latter Day Saints church conduct
ed by Elder James McKiernan assist
ed by Rev. Overholser of the Nazerene
church.
The funeral of Chas Fixal was held
Friday afternoon at the Baptist church
in charge of Rev. ]. H. Taylor assisted
by Rev. NJ. G. Alexander.
The deceased was born in Berlin,
Germany, March 25, 1916 and came to
America with his parents at the age of
eighteen months and settled in Troy
Grove, ILL.,, He came to Iowa in 1875
and was married to Miss Amanda
1877 making their home on farm
LuTSG ullltS WGSL VI L OIL Lulu6IOu. I1S
is survived by his wife and two sons,
George and Harry.
Mrs. K Richey of Milton was an
over Sunday guest at the home of her
sister, Mrs. w. M. Mcintosh. From
here she went to Peoria, ILL.,, to visit
another sister, Mrs. T. E. Frantz. Miss
Fay Hetzel has returned from Mt.
Pleasant where she went as delegate
to a district B. Y. P. U. rally.
Elder Jas. M. Herman left Wednes-
day for independence, Mo-, to attend
the general conference of the Latter
Day Saints church.
Henry Morris Of Hammond Ind, is
visiting his sister, Mrs. G. e. Noske
ant making repairs on his residence
property on Olive street.
Glenn Boyer of Chicago arrived Mon
day for a visit with his mother, Mrs.
Margaret Boyer.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
EDDYVILLE.

Geo. Weber who is in his senior
year at Grinnell spent Sunday at the
parental Weber home in Eddyville.
Fred Douglas member of the Monroe
county board was business caller in
Eddyville Saturday.
Geo. Chord who has been working at
Spencer for some time spent Sunday
with his family in Eddyville.
Mrs. Earl Alcoin came down from
Oskaloosa and spent Sunday visiting
at the parental Fred Eriksen home.
Mrs. Jesse Palmer celebrated her
seth birthday on Saturday. A number
of friends were entertained by Mrs.
Palmer and she was also the recipient
Of many cards from relatives and
friends from distance.
VIM. Albaugh is spending the week
in Ottumwa being among the number
drawn on the jury from this county
Mrs. Vanderzyl of Pella is the guest
Of her aunt Mrs. Fannie Cossalt.
The members of the sophmore class
were entertained on Friday evening at
the w. 8. Keller home Forty young
people pere present also the faculty Of
the high school. Supt. Emma Nye,
Prof. Lord and Mrs. Julian. Music
and games were the entertainment Of
the evening. Dainty refreshments
were served.
Mrs. Fred Grimes and children who
have been visiting the past week with
relatives in Eddyville went to ska
loosa Monday for short visit with
relatives before returning to their
home at Davenport.
Miss Yoccio o,oro0,, ryho ic q CT,
dent at Grinnell Is enjoying a weeks
vacation with her parents Mr.. and
Mrs. Sam Lennon.
Ed Robb and family arrived in
Eddyville Friday from Ohio and are
located in the Palmer tenant property.
Russell Shields of Omaha is spend
ing few days in Eddyville visiting at
the parental Ed Shields home.
Jasper F'arr has returned to his home
in Ohio after short visit with his
cousin Mrs. Frank Seerees.
Mrs. F.. M. Epperson went to Abba
Friday for short visit at the home
of her son Prof. A. B. Epperson.
VIM Hankins is spending the week
in Winfield visiting relatives.
Mrs. Arnold Johnson and daughter
Helen are visiting relatives in Ottum-
wa this week.
Mrs. Strong of Ottumwa were guests
Friday at the parental Nye home in
Edyville.
B. F. Gordon who has been i'll for
some time has suffered a relapse and
is in critical condition.
Mr. and Mrs. Dan Crews of Abba are
visiting this week at the Ed Smith
home north of Eddyville.
Mrs. Clyde Hartman and children of
Des Moines are visiting this week at
the parental, G. G. Palmer, home.
Mrs. Hanna Hammond of Superior,
Nebraska, is also guest of Mr. and
Mrs. Palmer.
Mrs. G. Stanley and children went
to New Sharon Monday to spend the
week visiting relatives.
Virgil Linderman came down from
Des Moines Monday for few days
visit with his aunt, Mrs. J. R. Barnett.
Mrs. James Fisher of Lacey is visit
ing this week with her parents, Mr.. and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
Mrs. Anton Weiner.

N~-SSAA w C1llC1.
clarence Jones stopped off in Eddy
slte Monday ON his way from Tainto-
10 Missouri and spent the day VISITING
his aunt, Mrs. George Chord,
MT and Mrs. H. Vanderrol Mrs
Ruth Chord, Mrs. H. B. Lucas. Mrs
Anna Foster, Mrs. Emma Nye and
Mrs. Clce Cawley were Oskalosa mas.
sengers Monday.
Eddyvile recently from Columbus O
are moving this week into the Henry
CrlsWell property on North Third
street.
Mr.. Anton Werner and John Ellen.
wood are numbered among the Sic,
Lee Warner transacted business i,
, Abba Monday.
VIM. De Long of Greenfield Ohio is
in Eddyville this week called ];v =
serious illness of his brother, Frank
De Long.
Chal Sturgeon has returned from
Extra. Iowa where he was called by
the illness Of his father.
Mrs. G. c. Jones and Mrs. John Han
sci OF Taintor are guests this week of
Mrs. Geo. Chord.
Harry Saunders left Tuesday for
Minneapolis on business trip.
Phil Hargescheimer.1eft Tuesday for
Roosevelt, Mimi, where he expects to
remain having taken up claim at that
place.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. W. RapD of Ottum-
wa are visiting relatives in Eddyville
this week
Dr. r. F. Shahan was professional
caller in Marshalltown Monday.
Chas. Broderick has returned TO
l.ineville after visit with relatives il
Eddyville.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
MRS. C. VOLTMER,
AGED 80 YEARS, DIES

Sigourney, April 2-Christena Volt,
mer, widow of the late David Voltmer,
died at her home two miles east of
Sigourney Monday night at the age of
SO years. She leaves surviving three
sons, David, Henry and Fred Voltmer,
all of Sigourney, and one daughter,
Mrs. Peter Iosbaker, of Sigourney.
Funeral services were held from the
German church Wednesday afternoon,
conducted by the pastor, Rev. Rosen-
field. Buriad was had in Pleasant
Grove cemetery, where the body was
followed by a large concourse of
and friends.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
HOPEW ELL.

J w. Johnston and family were Sun
day guests at the parental Walker
home.
Chas Worrell and family were
guests recently at the Mrs. Roemer-
man home.
Mrs VIM. Hunter and children, Ruth
and Chester are visiting relatives in
the county seat.
Owing to smallpox no church SER
vices were held at Hopewell Sunday.
Mrs. Frank Samples is quite Ill OF
tonsilitis.
Harry and Perry Sammons we're
Sunday guests at the Samples home.
Chas. Worrell took his half sister,
Mrs. Annie Cobb Of Kansas City to
Ottumwa Friday where she started for
home having been called here by the
death Of her brother, VIM. Roemer-
man.
Miss Hazel Garrison is recovering
from pneumonia.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
NEE TING OF M.W,A.
WELL ATTENDED
WIN. REECE AND ED SHIELDS
NAMED DELEGATES; PASS RE.
SOLUTIONS.

Eddyville, April 2.-The Wapello
county camp of the M. w. A. was
called to order Wednesday at two
o'clock. DR.. N. S. Bradfield of Eddy
vile was chosen temporary chairman,
while Jas. V. Curran of Ottumwa was
chosen temporary secretary. On mo-
ton, the temporary organization was
made permanent.
The credential committee was ap.
pointed with the following members:
w. w. Epps, Ottumwa, chairman; o..
H. Mccoy, Agency; Sam Bowen, Chilli.
cothe; Chas. Odem, Eddyville; R. R.
Potts, Eldon; D. L. Armstrong, camp
1903, Ottumwa; George l.. Salmon,
camp 3095, Ottumwa; w. w. Watson,
South Side, Ottumwa.
On motion a resolution committee
was appointed, as follows: VIM. Reece,
Ottumwa No. 103, chairman; w. D..
Nye, Agency; Sam Bowen, Chillicotho;
]. M. Crosson, Eddyville; E. J. Brad
ley, Eldon; M. J. Garland, Ottumwa
camp No. 1906; Alva Mooney, South
Ottumwa.
Upon the committee reporting, the
following sweeping resolutions were
passed instructing the delegates to the
state camp to vote for the repeal of the
Chicago rates and the re-establishment
of the old rates; the complete revi-
sion of the bylaws in the interests of
the membership; against the re-elec-
ton of all head officers, elective or ap-
pointlve; for sharp reduction In head
officers salaries; rigid economy in adj
ministrating the financial affairs of the
order and limit of two terms in Of
flee; opposing the Mobile bill or any
similar measures, and that these dele
gates support only such delegates and
alternates to the head camp as are
known to be pledged to secure the
above reforms.
The delegates elected were Ed
Shields Of Eddyville and VIM. Reece of
Ottumwa; the alternates, O. H. Seifert
of Eddyville and W. w. Epps Of Ottum-
wa. Eldon was selected as the place
for holding the next county camp in
1917.
After adjournment the Eddyville
Woodmen entertained their visiting
with a good, old-fashioned
dinner, followed by a smoker and in
formal talks and speeches, which were
greatly enjoyed. The majority of the
delegates returned on the $3.50 train.
Delegates attending the convention
were:
Agency-O. H. Mccoy, w. H. Heller,
w. D. Nye.
Blakesburg-Guy F. Hall.
Chilli Bowen.
Eddyville-O. H. Seifert, Ed Shields,
N. S. Bradfield, F. w. Steinhoff, J. M.
Crossen, Chas. Odem, A. e. Johnson.
Ottumwa No. 103-W. w. Epps, Jas.
V. Curran, J. F. Orr, D. l.. Armstrong,
NJ. F. Snow, E. E. Huffman, J. F. Black,
VIM. Reece and T. F. Lynch.
Ottumwa No. 174O-W. J. Berry,
Alva Mooney, E. E. Ecton, w. w. Wat
son.
Ottumwa No. 3O95-J. Kreutzenbend-
er, w. H. Gatewood, Geo. Salmon, M.
J. Garland.
Eldon-James w. Reed, r. R. Potts.
E. j. Bradley.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
SWEDISH NJ. E. PASTORS
MEET AT OSKALOOSAi

Oskaloosa, April 1.-The ministers
OF the Iowa district OF the western
Swedish conference of the MethodlsC
church are meeting in Oskaloosa ana
will remain in session over SUNDAY.
The meetings will all be held IN the
Swedish church, at 606 South Second
street. of which Rev. John A. carson
is pastor, and all sessions Will be op-
en- to the public.
The Iowa district includes all or
Iowa. Northern Missouri and eastern
Nebraska. Rev. r. A. Stromberg OF
Mt. Pleasant is the district superln-
tendent, and opening sermon on wed
nesday evening at 1880 o'clock Will be
delivered by Rev. J. A. Gabrlelson'
Of Lockridge, Iowa. There will be
preaching each evenign except satur-
day, and special services on sunday.
Not all the ministers in the district
will be able to attend, but those VINO
have signified their intentions to be
present include:
C. A. Anderson, st. Louis, Mo-
]. e. Johnston, Dayton, Iowa
Olaf Granberg, Boxholm, Iowa.
Nels Pearson, Stratford, Neb.
o. J. Lundberg, Sioux City, Iowa.
J. A. Gabrielson, Lockbridge, Iowa.
Carl Jensen, Hartford, Iowa.
] T. Seaberg, Des Moines, Iowa.
s. A. Lindeberg, Burlington, Iowa.
A. W. Carlson, Keokuk, Iowa.
Leonard Stromberg, Oakland, Neb.
Ivan Pearson, Kansas City, Mo.
X A. Stromberg, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa.
N. G. B. Barton, Sheldahl, Iowa.
C. o. Freeman, Laurel, Neb.
K. G. Norberg, Lincoln, Neb.
A q. Swedburg, Ottumwa, Iowa.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
WILL LEAVE CHAMBERLAIN.

Des Moines, April Nv. l.. Brown,
proprietor of the Chamberlain hotel,
announces that he will retire from the
hotel business in Des Moines on No
vember 20 this year. when his lease
on the Chamberlain expires. :.
This will include twenty-five years in
the hotel business in Des Moines for
Mr. Brown. He said today that he
will take long rest before reentering
the hotel business elsewhere, if at all.
MI. Brown said that he had decided
to relinquish his lease on the hotel as
the rental under reappraisement
made this year is so high that he can
not operate the hotel at profit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
WILL MAKE THE SEASON OF 1914
AT MY BARN IN BLAKESBURG.

WILL MAKE THE SEASON OF 1914
AT MY BARN IN BLAKESBURG.
state certificate-Joinville No. 4S Gam
braduer No. 2142.
The pedigrees Of the stallions-Join-
Vile 1902 (s9249) and Gambraduer
71so5 (77S03) foaled in the years 1909
and 1905, owned by Eli Swain.
Blakesburg, Iowa. have been ex-
amined in the office of the Iowa
state department of agriculture and
1t is hereby certified that these
stations have been registered in the
proper stud book, duly recognized by
the Iowa department Of agriculture,
and have been certified to by DR.. A.
L. Hoaglund, veterinarian, as being
free from hereditary, infectious, con-
tagious or transmissible disease or
unsoundness specified in the stallion
law
A. r. COREY, Secretary Depart
ment of Agriculture.
Dated at Des Moines Feb. 26, 1914.
TERMS-$12.5o to insure colt to stand
and suck Parting with mare or re-
moving from neighborhood forfeits
insurance and fees become due and
must be paid without further notice.
Not responsible should any accidents
occur.
ELI SWAIN.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
SlGOURNEY.

Roy D. Nordyke of Richland was in
Sigourney Wednesday and announced
that he will seek the republican nom
ination for the office of representative
before the June primary. Mr.. Nordyke
Is a farmer and well qualified for the
office. If elected he will make a cap
able representative. This makes the
second man seeking this office, as w.
G. Windett of What Cheer is also in
the field and is circulating his nomina-
ton papers.
For the office of clerk of the district
court on the republican ticket. S. 4.
Axmear of near Keswick is in the field
and papers FOR his nomination are be-
ing circulated So far he is the only
man in the field for this nomination.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
M'HosE BURIAL IN GENEsEo

Grinnel, April 1.-THE funeral Of
Samuel McHose. an old resident of
Grinnell was held from the home and
the body was shipped to Geneseo, ILL.,.
his former home. He passed away Sun
day and his death was very unexpect-
ed as he had been in good heath tap
parently. Had he lived until Saturday
he would have been 81 years old. Mr..
McHose owned for many years tho
brick and tile factory mile south Of
Grinnell. The survivors are the wife
and nine children.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
PROTESTS AGAINST TRANSFER.

Iowa City, April 2.-Iowa City high
school today telegraphed protest to
the United States war department
against the transfer Of the national
rifle championship to Deering high
schol, Portland, Me. Experts at Wash
ington endorse Iowa City's claim.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
OPEN READING ROOM.

Beacon, April 1.-The Beacon I'm
provement society announces the open.
ing of the reading room and gymnas-
ium. The young boys will come Mon
day and Saturday nights. 1t is open to
the ladies on Friday nights Men and
boys are welcome every night except
the nights mentioned.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
716O5

IL a black and has an extra large
bone. He was foaled in 1906 and
has proved sure breeder. Look
this fine horse over.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-04-04
Two Imported Percherons
JOlNvILLE 72022

JOVNVTCIE TEVEE
weight 1920
Is a beautiful gray with star In
forehead, large bone and a sure
foal xetter. Was foaled in 1909.
He's an extra good animal in every
NAV
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1914-11-27
Gasoline at the Poles.

The Amundsen and Scott expedi.
tions were greatly hindered through
losing much Of their gasoline-a loss
that. in fact, had much to do with the
disaster that befell Captain Scott MI.
B. T. Brooks of the Mellon Institute
cf Industrial Research thinks he
knows what caused the loss. At low
temperatures, he says, ordinary tin
tends to pulverize. At 81 degrees be-
low zero it pulverizes quickly and may
pulverize, although more slowly, at
higher temperature. Now, hard solder
usually contains large percentage Of
tin, and so, of course, disintegrateS in
the same way. Consequently the gas
oline cans are likely to leak at the
soldered seams. Mr.. Brooks suggests
that polar explorers carry their sup
plies of gasoline in containers made
of glass, or of some metal unaffected
by extreme cold.-Youth's Companion.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1914-11-27
HOW TO IMPROVE LAMB CROP
Practice Of Allowing Youngsters to
Run With Mothers Until Breeding
Time Is Objectionable.

Lambs should be weaned when from
four to four and one-half months old.
So says Frank Kleinheinz, shepherd
of the University focks, in answer
to numerous inquiries upon this sub
ject
Many fiockmasters allow the lambs
to run with their mothers until breed
ing time. This Mr.. Kleinheinz re-
CARDS as very Objectionable for it an
noys the ewes and keeps them in poor
condition. Moreover, at this time the
lambs get but little milk and they
will really do better without it.
Wien taken from their mothers
the lambs should be put on a piece Of
fresh pasture, which will help to
avoid much Of the stomach worm
trouble
After weaving time the ewes should
be put on a scant pasture for about
a week in order to dry them up quick
ly. During this period they should be
MIXED a few times to prevent the
udder from caking and as soon as
they are fairly dry they ought to be
placed on good pasture again, where
they will put on flesh and become
strong and vigorous before they are
bred in the fall
Early weaving and good care of the
ewes after the lambs are taken away
enables the ewes to go into winter
quarters in good condition, thus aid
ing winter feeding and insuring a
large crop of strong lambs in the
spring.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1914-11-27
johnson Grass Exterminators.

The Tunis sheep utilized in the
breeding experiments OF the Arizona
station farm have developed great eff
cheney as Johnson grass exterminators
Director Forbes says that It's of these
sheep we're sufficient to keep down the
Johnson grass on five miles of weedy
bitches during the entire growing Sea
son. They saved the cost of ditch
cleaning and at the same time made
wool and mutton grow where one of
the most stubborn weeds Of Arizona
had grown before.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1914-11-27
Cure for the Halter Fuller.

derside of this attach one end of t. j
halter rope. Run the rope through the
halter ring, but do not tie it to the
ring. Tie the loose end of the rope
to the nanger in the usual way When
the horse pulls the band will tighten
on his body. This, says Epitcmist, Is
so unusual that it surprises and mys-
titles him. If he has had the habit
long, however, he will try again, and
again he will be surprised. Gradually
he learns that he is not master of the
situation. His will is broken and the
habit is cured.