davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr. and Mrs. William Temple Smith, of
Greensborough, Nd, arrived in this city Thurs
day and will spend the Christmas holidays with
Mrs Smiths parents. Mr. and Mrs. Addison A.
Christian, of 4512 Walnut street. Miss Elizabeth
Christian has also returned from st. Mary's
School for the holidays.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Connolly OF 1854 Chestnut
street, will entertain at delightful informal
bridge party this evening. followed by supper.
Covers will be laid for 12 guests and polnsettlas
holly and conventional Christmas emblems win
be attractlvely combined In the decorations
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
ALONG THE MAIN Line

EAYNR-Ars Marshall Reed Ward is visiting
city.
Mrs Robert P. Elmer has returned from yis-
itiuE her liztsr a Palm Beach. Fla.
Lieutenant ana AIrs. Moatford. who have been
visiting Mr. and MFs, r ?, Bates, On Midland
avsnus. have gons 10 L4ysEpool ohio.
DEYoS Ara Prentiss Bassstt wis 81 Lisa-
tenant Hassslt. oi Norfolk. Va Is ne guest
of asneEal and Nls. s. W Beaulain
-. asa Ngs. Qserss Wasflaa ReaHe as.
lsalis have eleze4 lhsIf rss'asaas e nssea =
ths aEHtzf ta1 HfIafnea ia tfH aF
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
WEST PHILADELPHIA

Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Davenport, OF Harris-
burg, will spend the Christmas holidays with
Mrs. Davenport's parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Ed
ward I. Williams, at their home. 6O34 Walnut
street. Mrs Davenport before her marriage
last month, was Miss Elsie Muller Williams.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr.. and Mrs. Henry S. Montgomery, of 439
South 44th street. will entertain at dinner
Wednesday night. Mr.. and Mrs. Montgomery
giving a series Of these small dinners
through December and January
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mrs. Boulton Earnshaw has returned to her
home on Montgomery avenue from New York,
where she spent the last few days
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
NORTH PHILADELPHIA

Mr. and Mrs James p. McNchol and family
of 222 West Logan square. left on Saturday for
their winter home at st. Lucle Fla, where they
win spend several weeks. They will have as
their guests Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel j. McNichol
and Miss Evangeline de Pierra.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

entertain at 800" party this evening followed
By supper. Covers will be laid for eight
guests Her guests will be Miss May McKeever
Miss May Scherr, Miss Anna Fleming, Miss
Alice McCaulley. Miss May Megenedy, Miss
Margaret Brogan and Miss Anna C. McCaulley.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. Halnes, of 1920 South nth
street will have their guests over the Christ
mas holidays their daughter and her husband,
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry A. Peter. of Pittsburgh,
Pa. Several delightful little affairs have been
planned in their honor.
DR. and Mrs. William l. Tomlinson, of 1928
Porter street. in tho Girard Estate, will have
as their guests over Christmas Doctor Tom
linson's parents. Mr.. and Mrs William B. Tom
linson, of Mount Holly; Mrs Evans Tomilnson,
of Mount Holly, and Jay b. TomlInson, of Am
herst, Mass.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
GERMANTOWN


Mrs. George A. Brookes dancing class for the
school set held its second meeting Saturday
night at Mannheim There is a committee of
girls and boys. whose work It is to select sub
committees for each dance. These members act
as hosts for the evening. introducing the new
members and making themselves responsible
for the entertainment of guests The girls COM
mittee consists Of Miss Josephine Reeves. chair
man; Miss Eleanor Wunder Miss Margaret
Burton. Miss Marion Button. Miss Eleanor
Davis, Miss Martha Henderson Miss Mary
Bonner Daniel Miss Judith Jennings, Miss
Nancy smyth, Miss Edith Hobson. Miss Eliza
beth Crowder
Frank Deacon is chairman of the boys com
mittee, and his assistants are Donald Gawthrop,
William clOthier, Clifford Cutler. Lewis Cutler,
Kenneth kitson, Earnest KitsOn. William Beard,
George Stevenson. Edward Cassard, Ashbridge
sharpless' Richard Taussig. Horace Barba.
Arthur GoOdfellow. Of Detroit, Mich, will
spend the Christmas holidays with his parents
n their home, sS2 West schoolhouse lane.
Mrs. Henry Bauer OF ga lincoln drive, will
entertain this afternoon. when her guests win
p Mrs. Carrie Lentz. Mrs. Oscar schmidt Mrs.
Walter Hoyer Mrs. Gustave sehaetzle. Mrs.
E-arFiek Mrs. Harry C. oueFns. Mrs George
=7A-tNHf sAAas A@lllet H. JoAnsOni Mrs. Franklin
Appsl, Mrs, Harry Heist and Mrs. John snyder.
Miss Lorraine Hillesley, OF Mount Airy avenue
III be hostess 70 the members OF her card club
luncheon and 500 on Wednesday Her guests
III be Mss Mary Taylor Miss Helen Young.
isa Marian Datesman Miss Helen Fry Miss
arlan Montgomery, Miss Clara Jaeobus. Miss
arsaFst speess and Miss Helen crOsksy.
ALONG THE READING
on New Years I've there win Be a Domino
anes a the Old York Road country Club al
sc o'clock The COMMITTEES IN charge includes
iss Marion aaylsy. Miss Doris Whsthsrbes
pa George A, sliter
Aifs Horace G. Fettsrolf. OF Wyncots. vim
tertaia the members of the Woman's club
Wyneots on Tuesday evening. Dsoembsr g.
O'Clock. Marjorie Benton Cooke the nov
si. win give original readings ana none
HEass.
eiiss Evelyn Armstrong. daughlar Of AIr.
Alra william Armstrong. o. walnut atrsst.
nsinteEn. returned on Thlrsday from VII
e College. chambsrsburg Pa. for tie holI-
ass
ead ars Joseph Gabriel q city line.
a'ss dinusr-aanee a. taelr home "a Neg
s Hse
Ra Nt4 e Assea eia shs.as
as to q aF
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
CHESTNUT HILL

Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Gaylord. of New York,
win spend the Christmas holidays with Mrs
Gaylords parents, Mr., and Mrs. Henry Bell, OF
Evergreen avenue. They will attend the dinner
which Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Hood will give on
Saturday, December 26
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mrs William crothers. who has been enter
tanned for a week by Mrs. John Dooney. of
West 4th street, has returned to her home at
Wilmington, Del
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Miss Marjorie Hutchinson, daughter OF Mr..
and Mrs. Frank r. Hutchinson, viii be guest
of honor at small dinner dance which win
be given by her uncle at his home in Torresdale
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mrs. II. II. Long. OF Arrott street entertained
her Saturday card club at luncheon and bridge.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21
ALONG THE READING

on New Years Eys there win Be a Domino
.apes a the Old York Road Country Club at
se o'clock. The COMMITTEES IN charge includes
ss Marion aaylsy Miss Doris Whethsrbss
spd George A, sHfer
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Henry Roman, marine in the United States
navy, has left for port near Mexico after
spending week as the guest of his aunt. Mrs.
Rose Boyle, OF West I'd street
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

The marriage OF Miss Emily McKeon and
Francis w. Kemble, son of Mrs, Isaac w.
Kemble, of 1904 South Rittenhouse square, will
take place Tuesday, January 26. The engage
ment Of Miss McKeon and Mr.. Kemble was
announced yesterday by her brother Spencer
McKeon.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Crompton, of Pennsgrove,
N. j., will be the guests of Mr.. and Mrs. John
s. Heaton. of 34sO North 18th street, over the
Christmas holidays.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

AIS. Horace G. Fettsrolf OF Wyncots. vim
AteFtala the members of the Woman's club
Wyneote on Tuesday evening Dsosmbsr e.
O'Clock. Marjorie Benton Cooke, the nov
st win give original readings ana mono-
ruaa.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

MIR AND MRS. JAMES f, FAHNBsTocK,
Ikl of 237 East Rttenhouse square, have issued
invitations for large theatre party to be fol-
lowed by a supper at the Bellevue-stratford, in
honor of their daughter, Miss Charlotte Fahne-
stock, on Monday evening. February 1.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr.. and Mrs ]. H. Lewis and daughter.
Helen, have returned to their home at Lewis
town. Pa, after spending a week as the guests
Of Mr.. and Mrs John Thomas, at Eddystone.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Mr.. and Mrs. William e. Groben, OF Lake.
side and Valley roads. will entertain house
party over the holidays. Their guests win in
eude ]. s. Kelsey, Of New York; DR.. !. w.
McClelland, of Pittsburgh, and Miss Adele
CARL.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

Arthur Goodfellow. OF Detroit, Mich. will
spend the Christmas holidays with his parents
n their home, 232 West schoolhouse lane.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

s'iss Evelyn Armstrong. daughlar Of Mr.
ia Are William Armstrong. Of walnut street
Hsinieen. returned on Thursday from wiz
"a College. chambsrsburg Pa, Tor the holl-
a1a
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

rad Ara Joseph Gabriel of city line
s'ys ainusr-a -aanee a their hoas "a Nes
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-12-21

MFR. and Mrs. Henry Paul Busch, of SA South
18th street are being congratulated on the birth
OF daughter yesterday to be named Emile
Busch Mrs. Busch was Miss Lydia Smith,
daughter of Mrs T. Leaning Smith.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

not able to exact tribute or economic
advantage. 1t is inconceivabe that any
other country necessarily less expert
enced in colonial management would he
able to succeed where England had
failed. especially in view of the past
history OF the Spanish. Portuguese,
French and British colonial empires.
This history also demonstrates that the
position of British crown colonies, in
tho respect which We are considering.
Is not scnsiby different from that of
the sclf-governing ones
l. II sort of altruism or oulxotism
which thus impes the capitalists OF
Europe to conclude that the public
funds and Investments OF powerless
Holland and Sweden (any day at the
mercy OF their big neighbors) are 10 20
20 per cent. safer than those of tho
greatest Power of continental Europe?
The question Is Of course. absurd The
only consideration Of the financer Is
profit and security and he has decided
that the funds Of the undefended nation
are more secure than the funds of one
defended by colossal ornaments. How
does he arrive at this decision. unless
II he through his knowledge as n
financier which. OF course, he exercises
without reference to the political i'm
plication of his decision. that modern
wealth requires no defence, because IL
cannot he confiscated?
During the Victorian Jubilee process
sion an English bcggar was heard to
say
Il own Australia, Canada. New Zen
land. India, Burma and the Islands of
the far Pacific. and I am starving for
want of a crust Of bread. am a citizen
OF the greatest Power Of the modern
world. and all people should bow 20 my
greatness. And yesterday cringed for
aims To a negro savage. who repulsed
me with disgust"
What Is the meaning Of this?
The meaning Is that as very fire.
quently happens in the history ideas
our Technology Is a survival of cond-
tons no longer existing. and our mental
conceptions follow at the tail Of our vo-
CabuIary. International politics are
still minated by terms applicable to
conditions which the processes Of mod
ern life have altogether abolished
In the Roman times indeed. in all
the ancient world--it may have been
true that the conquest Of n territory
meant a tangible advantage to the con-
queror. II meant the exploitation "
the conquered territory by the conuucr-
ing State itself. to the advantage OF that
state and its citizens II not nfre-
quently meant the enslavement of tho
conquered people and the ACQUISITION
NJ wealth in the form IT slaves as a
direct result Of the conqucring war. In
medieval times war Of conquest
meant at least immediate tangible booty
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

trade that II would be in no sort Of con-
d.t.on to take the place which Germany
had previously occupied in neutral mar
kets, leaving aside the question that by
the act of humiliation market equal
To that of CANADA and South Africa com
bincd would be destroyed
What does this sort OF thing mean?
Am ! wrong in saying that the whole
subject is overlald and dominated by a
iargon which may have had some rela-
ton to facts at one time, but from
which in our day all meaning has de-
parted?
The English patr.2t- ,m2y- SAY that he
docs not mean permanent destruction,
nit on1y rfriIi0frTS- -arrrfr1d-','r sS1r4
this. of course, on the other side would
mean not permanent but only tenn
porary acquisition of that 1850 millions
of tradc)
Commerce is simply and purely the
exchange of one product for another.
II thc British manufacturer can make
cloth or cutlery or machinery or pot
tory or ships cheaper or better than his
rivals he will obtain the TRADE; II he
cannot, If his goods are inferior or
dearer, or appeal less to his customers,
his rivals will secure the trade and the
possession Of dreadnoughts will make
not whit Of difference. Switzerland,
without a single drcadnough,, viii drive
him out Of the market even of his own
colonies, as, indeed she IL driving him
out The factors which really constitute
prGsncrity have not the remo,est con-
ncction with military or naval power, all
our political jargon NOTWITHSTANDING
I NJ a. 80
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

in conquest would be demonstration
conquest.
For allied reasons in our day the eX-
action OF tribute from conquered peo-
pie has become an economic impossi-
bility the exaction of large indemnity
so costly directly and indirectly as to be
an extremely disadvantageous financial
operation.
1t is a physical and economic i'm
possibility to capture the external or
carrying trade Of another nation by
military conquest.
No other nation could gam any ad-
vantage by the conquest Of the British
colonies, and Great Britain could not
suffer material damage by their loss,
however much such loss would he re-
GREETED on sentimental grounds and as
rendering less easy n certain. useful So
cial cooperation between kindred peo-
pies, The use indeed OF the word loss
is misleading. Great Britain does not
"own" her colonies, They are In fact
independent nations in alliance with the
mother country, to whom they are no
source Of tribute or economic profit Tex
cept as foreign nations are source of
profiD, their economic relations being
settled not by the mother country but
BY the colonies, Economically England
would gain by their formal separation
since she would be relieved of the cost
OF their defence. Their loss" involving
therefore no change in economic fact
beyond saving the mother country the
cost OF their defence) could not involve
the ruin Of the empire and the starva.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

don itself would he thrown into the
scale to prevent "A panic in which Lon
don fnanCiers would he involved. In
other words, British hnanclers would
exert their influence upon the British
Government n stop the process OF con-
fiscation
Just as Mr.. Harrison has declared that
a successful invasion would mean TO
the English the total collapse OF their
commerce and trade and with that
trade The means Of feeding forty mill
ions in their islands" so | have seen It
stated in a leading English paper that
III Germany worr eXt!nguishcd to-mor-
row. the day after tomorrow there Is
1f15t an -r:ngIshIfiah- III ne Writ. -cao-
would not he richer, Nations have
fought for years over n city or right of
succession. Must they not fight for
1880 million dollars OF yearly COM
merce?"
What does tho Extinction" of Ger
many mean? Docs it mean that Britain
shall shay in cold blood sixty or seventy
millions Of men, women and children?
otherwise even though the fleet and
army We're annihilated, tho country's
sixty millions of workers would still re-
main all the more Indus rious, as they
would have undergone great suffering
and prlvation prepared to exploit their
nine. and workshops with as much
thoroughress and thrift and industry as
ever and consequently just as much
trade rivals as ever, army or no army,
navy or no navy,
Even II the British could annihllate
Germany they would annihilate such an
important section Of their debtors AZ to
| create hopeless panic in London, and
| that panic would so react on their own
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

would proceed to effect IL. AS material
property In the form of that booty
which used to constitute the spoils Of
victory in ancient times, the gold and
silver goblets, &c, would I've quite in
considerable, and as Britain cannot
carry away sections OF Berlin and Ham
burg she could only annex the paper
tokens OF wealth--the shares and bonds.
But the value of those tokens depends
upon the reliance which can he placed
upon the execution Of tho contracts
which they cmbody. The act " mill
tary conhscation upsets all contracts.
and the courts Of the country from
which contracts derive their force
would be paralyzed IL judicial decisions
were thrust aside by the sword. The
value of the stocks and shares would
collapse. and the credit of all those
persons and institutions Interested IN
such property would also be shaken or
shattered and the whole credit system
being thus at the mercy Of ali'n gov
ernors only concerned 10 exact tribute
would collapse like a house OF cards
German finance and industry would
show condition OF panic and disorder
Reside which the worst crises Of wall
street would pale into !nsisninraucc.
Again. what would 10 the inevitable
result The financial influence of Lon
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09
How Foreign Trade Is
Affected by Conquest
An Original Pesentment of the Case Against War From
One Economic Stand point Ranications Of

TN view Of the condition caused by
the present tremendous war. Nor
i man Angell's book. The Great IL
lusion." which was recently pub
liehed simultaneously in the United
States. England. Germany, France. Hol-
land. Denmark Sweden. Spain. Italy.
Russia, Japan and Finland. seems to
have had little effect. The American
publisher is Putnam. The author at
tempts to show that the ramincations
OF the modern credit system, with its
worldwide slmutaneity of bank rate
movement and rcacting bourses. largely
the result Of telegraph and telephone
development in the last thirty years,
have made II impossible for one nation
60 benefit by the conquest Of another
have. indeed. rendered modern wealth
Intangible. in that any attempt at con-
hscation is bound to react injuriously on
the confscator: that the exaction Of
an indemnity even would be A difficult
operation of very doubtful benefit to the
victorious nation. that. in other words
military force has become in the mod
ern world economically and socially fu-
tile
This thesis, of course completely up
sets the accepted ax!oms Of modern
statecraft.
An extent OF devastation. says Mr..
Angel even approXimating to that
which Mr.. Harrison foreshadows as the
result Of the conquest of Great Britain.
could only be inflicted by an invader
ss a means of punishment costly to
himself. or as the result 4 an unselfsh
and expensive desire to nfiict misery
for the mere JOY OF infiicting 1t. Since
trade depends upon the existence of
natural wealth and population capable
OF working II, an invader cannot ut
terly destroy it," except by destroying
the population. which is not practicable.
II he could destroy the population he
would thereby destroy his own market,
actual or potential. which would he
commercially suicidal.
II an invasion Of Great Britain by
Germany did involve. as Mr. Harrison
and those who think with him say /;
would, the total collapse Of the EN-
pire, our trade and the means Of feed l.
ing forty millions in these islands
the disturbance of capital and
destruction of credit" German capital
would also be disturbed because Of th,.
Observation-Disclosures and delicate inter
dependence of our credit built finance
and industry. and German credit would
also collapse, and the only means of re-
storing 1t would be for Germany to put
an end to the chaos in England by putting
an end to the condition which had pro-
duced it. Moreover. because OF this deli
cate interdependence of our credit bull;
finance, the confscation by an invader Of
private property. whether stocks. shares,
ships. mines or anything more valua
BILE than jewelry or furnitue--any-
thing, in short. which is bound up with
the economic life Of the people---would
30 react upon the finance Of the in
vader's country as TO make the dana ge
10 the invader resulting from the con-
hscation exceed in value the property
conhscated. SO that Germanys success
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

ereigns for prestige and power which
produced the wars of many centuries.
At still later period civilization as
a whole-not necessarily the conquering
nation gained tsometimes) by the con-
quest Of savage peoples in that order
was substituted for disorder. In the
period of the colonization of newly dis
covered land the preemption Of terri
tory by one particular nation secured
an advantage for the citizens of that
nation, in that its OVERLOOKING popula-
ton found homes in conditions prefera-
bic socially or politically to the condi-
7inT0sed- tTv-Hlirrr tions. --f3ut
none of these considerations applies to
the problem with which va are Ideaiiffg.
We are concerned with the case OF fully
civilized rival nations in fully occupied
territory or with civilizations so firmly
set that conquest could not scnsibly
modify their character. and the fact of
Corquering such territory gives to the
Conqueror n material advantage which
he could not have had without conquest.
And in these cond!t!ons-the realities
of the political world as we find il to-
/ domination" or "predominance
| of armament" or the command of the
| sea" can do nothing for commerce and
industry or general we'll being; Eng
land may build fifty dreadnoughts and
not sell so much as a pcnknife the more
( In consequence. She might conquer
Germany tomorrow, and she would find
that she could not make a single Eng
lishman a shillngs worth the richer
In consequence, the war indemnity
Notwithstanding
II would really he interesting to know
how those who talk as though confs-
cation were still an economic possibility
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09
Austrian volunteers besiege Consulate.

are small and uncertain and whore all
wealth is portable. raidins and theft Of.
fer the best reward for the enterprise
Of the courageous: in such conditions
the size Of a mans wealth depends good
deal on the size Of his club and the
agility with which he wiehs IL. But 20
the man whose wealth so largely de.
ponds upon his credit and on his paper
being good pape"" at the bank dis.
honesty has become az precar.ous and
profitloss as honest toll was in more
primitive times.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

financial interdependence of the modern
world has grown up in spite of our
selves. without our noticing 1t until We
put IL to some rude test" Men are
fundamentally just az disposed as they
were az any time to take wealth that
does not belong tc them, which they
have not earned. But their relative in
tcrest in the matter has changed. In
very primitive conditions robbery Is a
moderately profitable enterprise. Where
the rewards Of labor. owing 10 the in
efficiency Of the means Of production,