davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-29
Hundreds of Homes Recently Built


(Confinued from Page l. this Secnon-)
NJ Norris, six-roOm bungalow at
1914 Mckinley avenue, S4,9gO'
Lieut.. Edward r. Coppock, sl1-room
bungalow on Mountain -eellue, .Vyo.
Mrs. W. S. Tilton, house at 1901
Mountain avenue, $3'oOu.
Cs-aDr C,risamore, two houses In
Grand View. one at 500 Nations ave-
nue. and one at 3614 Nations avenue,
value Of each S4sOvU.
J. +. RIuIlin, a five-room bungalow at
BIS Mckinley avenue, S4,5OO-
Mrs. C. s. Cooper, 1lVe-room Dun
ralow at 39II Nations avenue, $500
Fred 7 HOelderle, Iour-room
house at 3715 Mountain avenue, $500.
Mrs. z. c. Bailey, tlVe-room Dunga-
low at 1910 Mountain avenue, S4,UO0-
MS ". n. Chamberlain, dve-roOm
house at 1O12 Grand avenue, $4,000.
q d Warnock, five room house at
1920 Grand avenue, SS,oUO'
Mrs. Margaret Watson courtroom
house at 41IO Mountain avenue. $4,000.
n. 6 Huddleston, seven-roOm house
on Over and Idalia streets, 5000.
Highland Park Growth Continues.
Highland park, one Of the older su-
burban additions in the highlands, con
Times to have a steady growth This
addition has always been a popular one
and the building that has been done
there during the past year shows that
If has lost none Of its popularity with
the home seekers. A partial list of the
homes erected in this addition during
the past year follows:
D. C. Seaman. four-room house at
1903 Ohio street, $4,000
q W Ardoin, four-rOom bungalow
at 27O5 Kentucky avenue, $4,000
Augustin Pradillo, fOur-room house
st 9765 Kentucky avenue. $4,000,
Harry Frazer. four-room home at
271I Kentucky avenue, $4,000
" turner. four-room house at
o-So rTs,+i1cl-v avenue. S2.z5O
Fl Hartley, three-room cottage at
the corner Of Louisville and Memphis
n q Seaman, house at 533 Erie
street. four rooms, $1,000
street 5000.
DR.. Burleson Staten, five-room bun
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-29

John Williams. a six room bunga-
low costing S7450.
Alberto Tiscaruno, four room home
al 40O7 Alamogordo street, $4,000.
James Tyrells four room bungalow
at 3015 Rivera street. $1,000.
The Austin and -Garr company, eight
room house on Orient street in Golden
Hill, cost 5000.
G. NJ YOungburg. eight room house
on Orient street, $500.
George n Beakley, five room home
at 1928 Rampant street, Golden HILL
Dr. o. W. Zuneiga, home at 1907
north Kansas street, $500.
+. a Akard, ten room house In the
1909 block on Prospect street in Mundy
Heights, $4,000.
J. T Freeman, five room bungalow
at z9O6 Tularosa street, $500
n. i. LucerO, five room cottage at
zS06 Tularosa street 5000
J. Enriquez Perches, five room cot
tage on Tularosa street in the $500
], II Robertson. $500 bungalow at
2912 Tularosa street
c. NJ Berryhill, home on lots five
and six, block 119, in East FL Paso.
facing on Hueco street, $4,000.
J. 7. O'Neu, four room cottage at
1904 Tularo3a street, S27OO-
Washington Johnson, four room cot
tage at 23O9 Wyoming street, $500.
GrundvfeW a Beautiful Home District.
Grand View is a residential suDGrD
which has had a steady growth since II
was first placed on the market The
Grand View school building has had
TO be enlarged to accommodate the
children Of this addition and $4,000 IS
now being spent on this Improvement
The building improvements In Grand
View during the year are:
j. W. McCurrys a 1lVe-room DungaloyZ
at the corner OF Mobile and Park
streets, costing $3.50
Lawler and Lowrey, four-room bun
galOW at 1921 Sacramento street, $4,000
Leslie Reed, four-rOOm bungalow at
S151 Idaho street, $4,000.
George E Rogers five-room house at
S109 Fort Boulevard, $4,000.
A Lanclos home at 1920 OdadO
street $4,000.
Drake and Reed. four-room house at
BIO Fort Boulevard, $4,000.
Prof r E. Seay, five-roOm bungalow
at 32O5 Fort Boulevard, S4,250.
H c. Miller, three-room house at 1901
Grand avenue, $1,100.
W. r Warren. fOur-room bungalow
at 1910 Grand avenue, 5000.
Il. L Scarborough, tWo-stOry Store
building in Grand View, $500.
]. J. watkins. five-room bungalow at
the corner Of Kings highway and Rus
sell street, $3.50
W. H Bethel. five-room bungalow at
$50 Nations avenue, $4,000.
George r. Parker, five-room bunga-
low at 1911 Fort Boulevard, $4,000.
George W. Sharp. five-room bunga-
low at 3715 Fort Boulevard, $4,000.
Theodore Sauer, five-room house at
1929 Grand avenue, $3.50
c. l. Gregory, five-room bungalow
at 3611 Grand avenue, $4,000.
Mrs Alice Veazey, five-room bunga-
low at 3704 Grand avenue, $4,000
W Harrison, six-room bungalow on
Nations avenue, $4,000.
c. F. Myers, six-room bungalow at
$50 Mckinley avenue, s4,25o.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-29

''' E R Billings. 2s1s Fort Boulevard.
- r, a. Brown, s5os Clifton street ga
'O + B. Cunningham. 2ss2 Montana
sure j. 8. S Crockett s7o1 Mckinley street
ivan Van C. Wilson. s7o7 Mckinley street,
HY. Ellis. SOC W. Boulevard, S7,35o-
J. E Donaldson, block So, Morning
s, S. franklin. 2225 east Boulevard
''i First National Bank. Santa Fe and
S',R a. IA Hughes Hugh HiadIOcks addition. So.
0'S & Jacobs. 1900 Montana. $500.
DR.. Branch Craig. 51z Corto. $3.50.
a. L Lathrop, 1901 Mckinley street,
'' B E. widdas. 2s1O Montana, $500.
W. E. Lambeth, 1924 Upson' apart
hi aIrs. s Annie E. Maetze. 1913 Camp
0e W ' =. Geiardon. 1924 Montana, $3.50.
L P. NIcChesney, 25ls east Boule-
'@F1' p 3 Mason. sso1 Mckinley. s4.250.
RI h. smith. 3716 Mckinley, $3.50.
T. Madison. 3SO7 Mckinley. IS, $50.
A. H Rodes, 3S15 Mckinney, S4.teS.
E Z. Mcintyre, 1871 south oregon
apartments, $1,000 .,,,.
Chas. Bryan. 3S19 Mckinley, $4,29o.
II. l. Frasier, Kentucky avenue, $s,-
I. z. Ardoin. Kentucky avenue, Ss.~
600. .,..-
q z. Wiseman, Piedras street. s4,S25.
" q. Haden, 1911 Ohio, $3.50
B. F. Davis, 1927 Ohio, $3.50.
cao, Clrrv. g411 Tularosa. $3.50.
I. II. Ferguson. 3413 Tularosa, $4,000.
I. II. Ferguson, Jr-, 5415 Tularosa,
s4.375. 80 -,..,--
S4,10O.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-29

the new chalet which is now occupied
by Juliur Krakauer.
81fIds sS75,G75 Worth OF Homes.
The perry kirkpatrick Construction
company reports s375,675 worth Of con-
ne the mast twelve months for their
c-nistorners- a list Of the owners and the
cost Of the buildings follow:
4. Alves, Hawthorne place, $500.
a. I. Anderson, 1912 Bliss street, So
W; J. Baudry, ISIS Montana street
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-29

the CITY are located on this street.
Bungalow construction has proved pop
ular in this addition and many attract tract.
i've bungalow homes have been D9lLt
along Mckinley avenue and the OtneE
streets Of Morningside.
Pretty Homes on Golden HILL
Golden Hill has also had a STEADY
growth Five blocks Of paving have
been laid in this close-in suburb dur
ing the past year and a number OF
beautiful homes built there, including
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Farm Demonstrators Here.

R. L. Pough. of Waynesboro.
arrived in Tupelo the 1st inst. and
was installed as agricultural dem
onstrator for the county. He
was accompanied by State Agent
Wilson and District Agent Willis,
who came here to place Mr..
Pough in line with the work he
is expected to do. He will visit
all sections of the county and
endeavor to reach all our farm
ers and induce them to diversity
their crops and cultivate them
along scientific lines.
Demonstration work will be
undertaken wherever it is practi-
cable, and the farmers of the
county should get in touch with
Mr.. Pough with the view of de-
irving every benefit possible from
his work.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Mutual Culture Club.

Mrs. Ed Armstrong most de-
lightfully entertained the men,
bers of the Mutual Culture Club
and number of invited guests
at the beautiful home of Mrs.
Watson Friday afternoon, Jan.2.
Mrs. Armstrong was assisted
in receiving by Mrs. Will Brown
and Miss Sadie Gentry.
Mrs. R. 0. Perkins called the
meeting to order and announced
that the afternoons study would
be Charles Henry Smith, better
known as bill Arp" whose
writings are known and enjoyed
because Of their humor and por-
trayal of everyday life.
The following was the pro-
gram:
Life of Bill Arp, Mrs. Turner.
Vocal solo, Miss Sadie Gentry.
Selection. Mrs. Arp Goes Off
on a VISIT" Mrs. Mcclure.
Reading, Mrs. Hulsey.
Selection, Opera House, Mrs.
Hall.
Paper, Humorous Writers of
Mississippi, Mrs. Windham.
Table Talk. Who's Who and
Why"
At the conclusion Of the pro-
gram Mrs. Armstrong served de
licious refreshments in two
courses
The next meeting will be with
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Cole-McNeese.

On the 4th inst. at the home
of Keith Barnett, near Brewer,
Miss Magnolia McNeese was
married to Walter Cole in the
presence of a few friends.
The marriage came as quite a
surprise to the families of the
contracting parties. who were
not taken into the confidence of
the young people.
The bride is the attractive
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. Brown
McNeese, while the groom is q
successful farmer of the 5th dis.
trict. The ceremony was saio
by Esquire Barnett.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Tupelo to Entertain Schools.

Representatives of the North
east Mississippi School Associa-
tion met here Saturday for the
purpose of selecting the time and
place for holding the annual
field day exercises. Aberdeen,
Houston and Tupelo were bidders
for the honor of entertaining the
children. and the honor was
voted to Tupelo by majority of
the representatives. Both Aber-
deen and Houston would no doubt
have entertained most royalty.
The former city entertained the
association in 1912, and the as
sociation was most delightful to
the visitors. Houston has never
had the pleasure of having the
association meet there.
The location of Tupelo logic
ally fixes our little city as the
point of meeting on field day. Its
central location and accessibility
makes it by far the best place
for the meet. The expense of
reaching this point would be
less than any other point in the
district, besides the visitors can
reach here early in the morning
from all directions and not be
wearied by the trip.
Tupelo feels a just pride in be-
ing selected as the meeting point
and will use every effort to make
the day pleasant for those who
attend. Friday, April II, was
selected as the date of meeting.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
HARLEY BUTLER.

After an illness of four days
with pneumonia Mr.. Harley But
kler died at his home near Chap
pleville Monday. Dec. 20. Mr..
SButler had been in his usual good
health and On Christmas eve
night acted as Santa Claus at a
Christmas tree at Chappleville.
He was taken sick soon after
and died within a short time.
Mr.. Butler was a young man,
in the prime of life, and occupied
q prominent place in his COM
munity. He was honored and
respected by all, and his death is
"a source of general regret.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Board of Superyiors

The Board of Supervisors met
Monday with President B. F.
Parker, of the first district, pre-
siding and the following mem
bers representing the other dis
tricts: F. M. Roper, second;
w. T. Pound, third; w. D. Nc
Gaughey fourth and |. B. Cog
gins, fifth.
y The first session of the board
! is one of the busiest of the year
and requires considerable time
to complete the work. In those
districts under the old law road
overseers must be appointed, the
juries are selected and other i'm
portant matters disposed of.
The question of a county de-
pository was settled by the
board by making each of the
four banks in Tupelo county de-
positories, the money to be di-
vided between them. The rate
of interest agreed on was 81 per
cent daily balances. This rate
was bid by each of the banks.
The disposition of the county
funds will prove entirely satis-
factory to the taxpayers. The
unprecedented supply of money
as shown by our bank deposits
and the result of the biggest
crop ever grown in the county,
sold at a high price. has made
money cheaper than it has ever
been in this section. The board
was unable to secure greater
rate of interest on this account.
The division of the money
among all the banks places the
deposits in the hands of a much
larger number of taxpayers than
If only one bank had been sell
ected. The board acted wisely
in this disposition Of the funds
anu their action will meet With
general favor.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Mrs. James Trice. A civic pro-
gram will be rendered.
Mrs. F. L. Spight,
Recording Sec'y.
Presbyterian Guild.

The Young Woman's Guild
have now membership of So,
II of which were added during
the year 1913.
In the year 1911 the guild made
it's first payment on the organ,
81, 900; in 1912 the second. $3.50
with interest, and at the begin
ming Of 1913 had $252. OF in the
treasury. During that year we
made the third payment on or
gan, $500, also the fourth, $3.50,
each with interest, thus paying
out since Jan. !, 1913. $724.75,
which cancels our debt on organ.
Other expenses during year
were $33. 20. This does not in
clude small amounts spent for
decorating the church on special
occasions and sending floral
tributes. Total amount paid out
during the year 1918 was $757. 95.
The guild can now say the organ
lis paid for and we are free Of
debt. Antoinette Clark,
Secretary.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Fire at Graded School.

At noon Wednesday the roof
of the old school building was
discovered on fire and the alarm
turned in. In the meantime
Supt. Windham and Prof. Milan,
assisted by the boys, had sue
ceeded in getting water on the
flames from buckets after climb
ing to the roof. The fire de-
partment responded promptly,
but the flames were extinguished
and it was not necessary to use
the hose. The damage was
nominal, fully covered by insur-
ance.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
G. w, RODGERS.

s Died, at his home near Blair,
Sunday night. the 4th inst. Mr..
sG. w. Rodgers, after a long i'll
ness from Bright's disease.
Mr.. Rodgers was one OF the
county's best citizens and his
death will be deeply regretted by
his large circle of acquaintances.
He leaves wife and children to
mourn his loss.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
The Grim Reaper.
JAMES CLAUNCH.

At his home near Blair, MIR.
James Claunch died duringChrist-
mas week following a short ILL
mess. Deceased had resided in
the community where he died for
many years and was a good citi-
zen, neighbor and friend. His
death is mourned by the entire
community.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09
Quarterly Conference.

The first quarterly conference
of the Mooreville charge will con-
vene at Mooreville Friday, Jan.
16. All the officials are earnestly
requested to be present with full
reports. Geo. A. Baker.
Pastor.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09

For Sale Good single bar
rel, breech loading, 12-gause
shot gun, cheap. Can be seen
at Journal Office.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09

The worst cases, no matter of how long standing.
are cured by the wonderful, old reliable Dr.
Porter's Antiseptic Healing Oil. 1t relieves
Pain and Heals at the same time. 2oc, sOc. $lso
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09

WANTED-10OO cases fresh eggs.
Write or phone us for prices. Swift +
Company, 1upelo, Miss.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09

sWill cure your Rheumatism
Neuralgia, Headaches, Cramps,
Collie, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts and
Burns, Old Sores, Stings of Insects
Etc. Antiseptic Anodyne, used in
ternally and externally. Price Csc.
The Tupelo journal., 1914-01-09

Bermuda Hay Baled For Sale. 0.
B. Rogers.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31

The South End cubs defeated tho
Indiana Lumber company i'm q fast in
door baseball game Friday night bv
ia score Of eight 10 two. Moffatt and
Stewart featured i'm the batting. the
former lining out two home runs and
the latter one
Battery for the lumber company.
Jones and Bishop; for the Cubs Zill-
mer and Raabe.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
BY HUGH s. FULLERTON.

Yale, Harvard and Princeton have
joined the rebellion of the college
athletes against the archaic rules
governing their amateurism.
The rebellion of college players
and their determination TO play base
ball in summer means that, within a
few years. the best university men will
be playing with major or minor
league baseball clubs for money and
openly.
Either the university athletic au-
thOrities must surrender and permit
students to earn money playing ball
in vacation or the students will play
anyhow and forfeit the right TO play
for their schools.
Capt Dana J. Wingate Of the Har-
ward team, Capt. Barnard Rhodes Of
Princeton and Capt. John Blossom of
Yale. Capt. Porter of Johns Hopkins
and Capt Walden OF the Navy re-
Gently have openly advocated sum-
mer baseball. Further IL is proposed
that Yale, Harvard and Princeton
enter into an agreement 70 permit
summer baseball playing and thus
stamp their approval upon ito en-
courage other schools to follow.
Even those students who believe
in pure" amateurism have surren-
dered. Western college leaders have
for years urged the release of stu
dents. arguing that a student skilled
in playing has as much right TO use
his talents earning money in vacatton
as has one to earn money tutoring.
George Huff OF Illinois. author of the
definition, Amateur rules don't make
amateurs: they make liars, has been
the leader
A year ago a movement was started
to organize a subsidiary major league
composed entirely of college men I'M
der college coaches. to play on ma
jor league grounds while the major
league teams were away. The re
Spouse to this was amazing. More
than 800 college baseball players ap-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
INDIANA j. SEEKS
NEW GYMNASIUM
Present Athletic "SIump" is
Credited to Present made
quate Training Facilities at
Bloomington.

BLOOMINGTON, Ind, Jan. 81
Believing the inadequacy OF the pres
ent gymnasium makes it impossible
for a majority of the students TO re-
ceive any physical training whatso-
ever, the students Of Indiana univer-
sity have started a campaign asking
that the first funds to become avail
able be devoted to the immediate
erection of a new gymnasium. This
desire and demand has been voiced by
alumni for number of years in an
Indefinite way but not until this week
has taken the form OF an active and
aggressive movement
A meeting of representative stu
dents was held this week and plans
perfected to form a universal agita-
ton Committees were appointed to
take charge Of the various phases OF
the campaign and an effort will be
made TO arouse the interest OF the
alumni in all parts of the country. A
special committee was chosen to meet
with the board Of trustees at the
March meeting and state the over
crowded conditions OF the present
gymnasium
A mass meeting was held Friday
night 10 put forth the functions OF the
movement before the student body.
Several prominent students made
brief talks regarding the present sit
uation and George VI. Cook OF Indi-
annapolis made the chief address.
Under present conditions it is i'm
possible for all OF the students to re-
ceive any physical training and the
students believe the present slump
in athletics TO be in a large measure
attributable 10 the foregoing condi-
tons.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
EBBETS CLAIMS TEAM
ACTED WITHIN THE LAW

NEW YORK, Jan. 31.-Charles II.
Ebbets, president of the Brooklyn
National league club, Friday made a
statement concerning the negotiations
for Joe Tinker as follows:
I'VE purchased the contract Tinker
signed with the Cincinnati club in
1913 and this contract contained an
option expiring Jan. 81. 1914. which
allowed US to deal with Tinker for
his services for this season. We Of
fered him the same salary he re-
ceived when a member OF the Gin
cinnati team.
Tinker came back ct US with a de-
mand for $500 for three years.
This was not refused but was duly
considered by the directors OF the
Brooklyn club and on Jan. 81. four
days before our option expired We
sent Tinker a contract for three years
calling for $500 a year.
AS we at no time refused 70 deal
with Tinker and as we took up our
option before IL expired we are pro-
tected by law in regard 20 this mat
ter regardless of what the Federal
league may undertake"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
COURTNEY'S PLAN,
Classes of Athletes Instead Of Varsity
Teams.

Charles Courtney. CornelPs grand
old man Of rowing, has the proper
idea on college athletes, as 1 see it.
He conceives that college athletics are
for developing athletes rather than
for developing intercollegiate cham
pIOns Courtney is advocating ath-
letic games that will admit all the
students. He urges fewer contests
between rival university teams and
more between classes. between col
leges, between societies within the
universities.
He believes these games within the
institution are better, create more
real college spirit and develop more
athletes than is possible under the
present system.
In one western university of over
5000 students only 154 names ap-
pear on the lists of athletic teams Of
all sorts, and one-third of them are
duplicates.
Courtney wants to give those other
$500 a chance to become athletes.
Our schools should develop more ath-
letes and then permit those who are
good enough to earn vacation money
by athletic proves do it, and not be
compelled to resort TO falsehood to
avoid being deprived OF their college
letter
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
HOLY NAMES FAIL
to KEEP UP PACE
Locals Are Too Light For the
Tri-State Quintet and Drop
Game After Putting Up
Classy Scrap.

The Holy Name five was forced to
bow to the Tri-State quintet Friday
night in ST Patricks gym by
score 70 IS to IS. The extreme
weight of the Tri-State aggregation
wore out the lighter H. n. S. men
and won the game for the visitors
Tri-State opened the scoring when
Walsh dropped the ball through the
wire. and was followed a second later
by Hurd. The Holy Names woke up
counted q field goal. TriState held
this lead and the score stood Is to
seven with the college men ahead.
Holy Name threw a scare into
State at the start of the second half
and at one time only a point sepa
rated the two teams. Holy Name
however could not keep up the pace
and was forced to bow TO the shooting
of Walsh and Martin of the visitors
Walsh led in the scoring with seven
baskets to his credit. with Martin, his
teammate, a close second. Voelkers.
Zgodzinski and Wolf were the shining
lights of the Holy Name five.
The line up and summary:
Holy Name 0S) Fri State (2S)
Sullivan (Capt) ... Walsh (Capt)
Right Forward.
Hagerty. c. Guthrie .-. Martin
Left Forward.
Zgodzinski, i. Hagerty 1850. Hurd
Center
Vennet. Wolf .. Hershey
Right Guard.
Noelkers ................ HUH
Left Guard
Field goals-Walsh, :; Martin, s.;
Zgodzinski. 3: Sullivan. 2: Hurd. .;
Guthrie and Hagerty. Free throws
Martin. 4 Hagerty; Sullivan. Ref
eree-Hawkins. eper-DOna-
hue. Time of halves-20 minutes
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-01-31
LITTLE GIANTS FEARED
BY N0TRE DAME FIVE
Return Game on Locals Floor This
Afternoon Promises to be In
tereSting Affair.

Local basketball lovers viii be Of
fered a rare treat this afternoon for
two old time athletic rivals, Notre
Dame and Wabash will meet on the
gold and blue court at o'clock Be
cause of the varsity's % to 16 victory
over the Little Giants Tuesday night.
the gold and blues chances for bag
ging the game look very rosy. but
the injury to Mills, which is likely
10 keep the star center from the
game, will greatly handicap Notre
Dame in her battle against the down
staters.
Coach Harper was quite at sea last
night as 70 what men would start the
game for NOtre Dame today although
Cahil and Kenny are sure TO begin
hOStilities at the forward positions.
The lineup for todays game:
Notre Dame. Wabash.
Cahill Capt. Observation-Disclosures. Dale
Right Forward
Kenny ......-.. Egln
Left Forward.
Fitzgerald or Gushurst - Ellis
Center.
Mowers or Kelleher T Goodbar
Right Guard
t1negan ............. Leffel Capt.
Left Guard