The state herald., 1914-08-28

Compared with the policies OF his
ing of Pope Plus X. has been held to
be ultra-orthodox In purely ecclesias-
teal principles and ultra-conservatiye
In temporal relations. An instance OF
his well.known uncompromising atti-
tude against advanced tendencies was
afforded in his opposition to woman
suffrage. as voiced by the pope upon
the occasion of his reception of dele
CATION of Italian Catholic ladies.
Woman cnn never be mans equal"
he told his fair visitors, ''and cannot.
therefore. enjoy equal rights. Few
women would ever desire TO legislate,
and those who did would be classed
as eccentrics. Scripture. and espe-
cially the three Epistles OF st. Paul.
emphasizes woman's dependence on
man"
Reforms In Church Government.
His now famous Apostolic constitu.
ton was considered us embodying the
most sweeping reform ever attempted
by Roman pontiff since tho cele-
brated Council OF Trent. in the years
from 1916 to 1868. in that II dismissed
the entire congregation OF the council.
n committee OF cardinals charged with
the Interpretation OF the Council OF
Trent. and placed nll Affairs In the
hands of separate tribunals and courts
OF appeal.
BY virtue OF one oil his documents.
known ms the "Sapienu consilio." the
congregations composing the Roman
Curia OF tho Catholic church have
been completely reformed and the
American hierarchy has been accord
ed a recognized voice in the govern.
mcnt OF the church. In fact. all Cath
olics outside Italy have been granted
new political standing by the order.
whereunder 200 bishops. $4,000 priests
and 30.00O.O 900 Catholic laymen In tho
English.spcaking countries have their
Affairs examined and passed upon ac-
cording to tho general law OF tho
church and by ten different congrega-
tions. instead OF one. as heretofore.
Another reform was that effected
by tho papal bull requiring the return
Of sacred music In use by tho Roman
Catholic churches throughout tho
world to It's austcre and suavc purity.
And still another bore upon tho rcvi.
sion o; ;he catcchism. n move dcar 10
tho heart OF the late Leo XIII. where
by instruction in tho cntcohism In no
longer regarded. ns In years pnst. ns
tho adjunct TO basically religious
education. but In now held TO replace
eyorything-mothcr. the schoolmnstor.
the general mental environment.
Pope Plus was In every respect
man OF peace. and tho clerical trou.
blcr In Spain and Portugal during tho
latter years OF his llfo greatly affected
his health. When Spain and Portugal.
following tho lead OF France. broke
away from tho church. ho refused TO
take any decisive action nguinat them.
iic held stcndfastly TO the purpose
that governed his every move during
his tenor in once and chose tho mid.
die course Standing strongly for the
rights OF tho church. he refused 10
upo the doubtful diplomacy with which
some Of his prcdeeonnora accomplished
their ends, and when the smoldering
volcano OF public sentiment In portu.
raj broke. and the revolution. which
had 40 long been hanging flrc in that
country, dopoucd King Manuel and
took tho form OF active warfare
against tho prios,s and nuns he do
cried tho situation but refused tho
word that would bring 10 arms thou.
hnnda OF his supporters and plunge
tho country In n bloody religious war.