davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
RUBBER AS A
 SOURCE OF DANGER

Every one is interested in the chem istry of rubber because this material enters into numerous articles and de vices of daily use. Experience teaches the unlike qualities of different types or brands of rubber. Some of them retain their original elasticity for a long time under the imposed condi- tions of usage. while others speedily
 deteriorate into brittle and useless scrap despite the various precautions of preservation that are embodied in familiar directions. The economic as- pect of the quality of rubber goods offered for sale is an important one.
 The time is arriving, says The Jour nal of the American Medical ASS0ci- ation, when the purchaser of. rubber will demand some reliable fnforn1a- tion as to the quality of the product which he is paying for. Rare, indeed, is the person at the present time who has any idea whatever of the make up of rubber. Pure india-rubberp or caoutehouc in its natural state is en- tirely unslited for commercial use. It is soft and sticky, and readily un- dergoes spontaneous oxidation to a hard, brittle resinous substance. By vulcanization, a process in which mix lures of the crude gum with sulphur, or metallic sulphides or oxides are heated a rubber is formed that is more permanently elastic and less subject to spontaneous change. The simplest type of vuIcanized rubber, such as would be obtained from a properly heated mixture of sulphur and pure gum, is quite soft and offers little re- sistance to ordinary rough usage Rubber of tougher qualities, but with lower elastic limits, is produced by the addition of metallic oxids, such as those of lead and of zinc. to- the other ingredients before vu7canization. Among other constituents added to give required character1sI1cs are the various pigments which furnish the color, Venetian red (iron oxfd), ultra marine, 1ampblack and various or ganic dyes being among the ingredi- ents which are employed.
 A recent government report shows that a. large number of materials stre used in rubber compromising to reduce the cost. Among these are whiting, barytes, clay and various rubber sub stitutesy such as artificial rubber. oils and tar proucts. Finally, so-cailed re- covered rubber, or shoddy, is used to a large extent in rubber compounds. In the case of most articles of rubber
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
SWISS FEAR PRESS
 HITS NEUTRALITY

London. Dec. 2s Swiss residents in the United Kingdom are considerably disturbed about the attitude of cer- tain sections of the Swiss press. which they fear is threatening the integrity of the Rep1bfiess neutrality. Accord 1ngly a petition is now being circulat- ed throughout Great Britain and Ire- land condenhing what are styled dan gerous exeesses Of some Swiss news papers.
 The resolution says that in a. free country every citizen has the right to think and write as his opinions dic- tate, but" 1t adds, Eve hope that In the future the newspapers in ques- fton will endeavor to cultivate more the critical sense, and to abstain from making comments which could offend any of the beIngerent pow .s'
 Those circulating the petition are desfrous that it be signed by Swiss regardless of race German, French. EtaHan-Swiss-and an effort. IS being made to bring it before Swiss subjects resident in Berlin.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
HOW BRIDE WON WAY
 TO SOLDIERS SIDE

Geneva, Dec. 2s.-The Lausanne Gazette. tells the story of how a. young Partisan woman. recently married, to a French artillery officer, won her way to her husbands side at the, front in Flanders. She first tried to obtain a pass of the French authorities. Fall ing in this she travelled in a peasants country cart for several days to the. Belgian Headquarters. She met with a polite reception and a polite refusal
 A tall eff1cer looked up from a map he was studying and intervened.
 ssMadame,'' he said ca French wo- man could not have undertaken such a voyage for nothtng.'S He took up the telephones and after eonversing a moment over the wire said: .sYour husband will be here soon g He or dered that lodgings be found for the young woman, who thanked the s'taII kind officer and warmly shook his hands.
 To hours later her husband puzzled at his recall from the trenches, was astonished to nd himself in the enn- brace of his young wife. Both were further surprised to learn that it was the King of the Belgians who had ar ranged the meeting.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
AMERICAN WEDDINGS
 NOW RARE IN LONDON

London. Dec. zs.-Anerfcan we'd dings in London are now very rare and the usual number Of holiday we'd dfngs among Americans traye1ing in England will be lacking. There are few Americans in England now out side of the regular colony and further more the Church Of England has shown a disposition to discourage the issuance of licenses to non-resfd ents who desire to waive the forrnaIity of church regulations and have a license granted without the reading of bans rand other prehminarfes which con sume at least two weeks.
 At one time Americans were much given to seeking these special licenses ssend arranging weddings in great Haste. The Bishop of Canterbury grants such licenses to Enghshnaan only when there are urgent reasons. such as illness or unexpected military or naval orders which would make lr impossible to comply with the church's regular requirements.
 Tn the case Of Americans or other foreigners desiring to marry Tn Eng land the same consideration win be shown in an extreme emergency that is shown to Engnshnen but the church has made very clear it's ura- Willingness to issue special licenses sImpIy because the partfe to the mar rtRge do not want to comply with the xegulax requfrensnta
 Wxfkan the last tgge2NaE nonfhD cGz1y
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

The armour-p1ate was pierced just be- tween the little openings made for the pilots legs, but the aviator was not touched. The machine was obliged toIcome to ground, but the pilot suc- ceeded in bringing it back into, the French lines. On examination it was not only found that the armor was pierced in several places, but there was a hole as big as a. mans fist in one of the blades of the propeller. All together the machine had been hit by IA rifle balls, by so fragments of shell, 25 of the wire stays had been severed and of the commanding lev CTS ruptured, propeller blades bro ken and the hood shredded at T differ ent points.
 tThe modest hero of these exploits refuses to allow his name to be men toned, but he is glad to have the ex- p1oits of, his machine properly recog- nized. He has made an application to the government, not for recognition but for permission to keep his bipIane in it's present state as a relic of the war;
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
EssIC.E JOCKEYS, LOST TO
 ST. MORITZ BY WAR


 Geneva. Dec. 29.-The famous Cres- i ta bob-s1eigh run at St. Moritz will nsver again sec many of it's well known flee jockeys,' whose exploits excited interest among the visitors, in cIuding the Grown Prince of Germany and the heir to the Austrian thfona ssThe Grand NationaI's bobsleigh sscrews's composed in a great part of English officers, have been dectmated by war. During the retreat to the AEarne and the advance to the Aisne, Capt. Bentley, Capt R. s. Dawson, Lieut.. E. Quick were killed and Capt. .. Webb Bowen was seriously wound ed. All four of them steered bob sfeighs to victory in the Grand Ma ffonaL, several winters beating the Crown Prince with his German crew. Among the wounded officers are Cap tain stIrtt. the well known Alpinist and skier. Capt. Abercromby, a. dar- ing Cresta Run rider and young Lord Carberrys who reyo1utfonized bob BIa1ghtng at St Moritz, by tntroduc- Fang the prone position of the crew.
 St Mor1tz will be dead this win ter and perhaps fer many winters without the elite of its English sports a11en
 The Grown Prince of Germany was personal friend Of all the English offi- cers mentioned, and on freqeuent oc- caEfo1s during his winter visits to St Moritz in the last ve years. they were his guests at dinners and 1uncheons.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

the existence of filling materials. pig ments. etc, has no hygienic import Cost and durability are the chief con cern of the purchaser. The use Of various heavy metals in the manuIac~ ture of nursing-nipples and small rl1o- Der toys is a danger to the health of infants, who extract soluble products from such articles in the mouth or when small pieces of the rubber are accidentally swallowed.
 The Public Health Service has late ly investigated the rubber used in. nip pies and toys. All specimens eNaniH- ed contained iron and aluminium. In the red rubbers either zinc oxid or magnesia was used, in the black rub bers zinc oxid and barytes AntiTnony was found in four eases out of seven among the black rubbers and in five cases out of eight among the red rub bers. The three remaining specimens of red rubber were coIored with Neae- tian red. The white rubber toy8 con tained clay, zinc o1id and bafytes. Tlae use of lead comp in rubber pre- parations is common, and salts of mercury are used to some extent. Either of these metals would be high ly Objectionable in nipples or child ren's toys The government report concludes: The articles should be made of a good grade of black rubber, free from shoddy and from antlmengs lead, arsenic and mercury. Of the filters commonly employed, magnesias zinc oxid and clay are less undesir- able,and barytes Is probably without harmful Influence. There can be no objection to a red rubber co1ored with an iron oxid, although the advantages of such a compound will probably not compensate for the disadvantages of it's being confused with anthony rub las1Vs
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
ALLIES, MONOPLANEs
 INTEREST ALL GENEVA

Geneva, Dec 2s.-Both English and French monoplanes and biz planes have recently arrived at Bel fort and are fitting up in the large park near the town, where several sheds have recently been constructed It was from this point that the Eng fish aviators, who received their ma chimes in pieces from Paris, attacked the Zeppelin works at Friedrichsha- fen. In the meantime the air scouts are working over Mulhouse and Col mar. making long Journeys every day above the German towns and forces and reporting to. headquarters. yes terday a French aviator flew above the German fortress of Istein and was red upon.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
OPENING OF CANAL
 BRINGS NEW SHIPS

ChrisHania. Dec. 2s.-Taking ad- vantage of the opening Of the Panama Canal, Frederick Olsen. one of Nor ways greatest ship owners. has con tracted for three 10. .000-ten freight steamers, which will begin service ear ly in 1916 between Norway and ports on the West Coast of the United States. Pending the c0mpIetion Of these ships some older Olsen vessels will be pressed into service
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29
BRICK MANUFACTURERS
 WOULD WALL IN RHINE

Geneva, Dec. 2s@The Swiss Asso- citation of Brick Manufacturers has seriously. suggested that the Swiss Government erect a wall of bricks along the River Rhine, extending from Basse1 to Chur, and which woi11fI be of sufficient thickness to resist the shells from the famous German how itzer.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29


 of in efourteen tn1ent to pubI a woman
 
 of in ma in Whe 70 under ndent of hospia ak very a a O n anon Is is in
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

Two persons were seriously injured and seven others slightly hurt when a runaway engine left a. roundhouse at AtcEison, Kan, and eoI1ided with a Missouri-Pacific passenger train.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

Miss Mildred L.. Martin, manager of a loan concern in Cleveland. was fined $1oo and costs for violation of the State salary law.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

The Illinois Central Railroad has placed an order with the American Locomotive Co. for 50 locom otives
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

Anyway tnere is more room around the house if the cltldren's Ssva do get smashed up the day arter CaFastnasg-
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

 fu O is interesting the en touch there affairs
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

one special license has been granted to Americans.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

William G. McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury. left Washington to act as the representative of President Wilson at the opening of the exposi- ton at San Diego, January 1.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

Farmer Want Ads. One Cent wora
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

There will be no competition for the vacancy among the Ifnmortals caused by the death of Count Albert de Nun. The academy has decided to reserve the vacancy for General J Joffre
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-12-29

| Aidi Madi, the 19 years old girl who. was shot three times the night of De- eennber Il at PAP Hallam street by her chun, Lizzie Redo. who afterwards committed suicide, was discharged from Bridgeport hospital yesterday. One bullet has been removed. It is not expected that any attempt will be made to remove the other two.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
OratOria Society Sings
MendeIssohn'S Elijah

The Washington Oratorio Sucicfv :an.,
Ncndeiss"hus Elijah" at the Clij~cb
% the Covenant last night, under the
direction Of Sidney Lloyd Wrights,,u
-Fhc oratOrio will be repeated mexi Wei
uesdaN night.
The soloists were Mrs. Ethel !IoItz-
claw Gawler, soprano; Miss EeuIaf,
Harper, cOmtralto; Richard I;a.ki1c
tenor, ans Charles Truw bridge Tit.r,an
bass. Harvey Murray WAS at the organ
\ brief address as to the spiritual sig
mEcance Of the composition. and AL in
Vocation were made by the Rev. Charles
Wood pastor Of the church
The voices Of two of the suluisis arc
admirably fitted TO the demands Of or,
torio work. This is particularly true Of
the rich bass Of Mr.. Tittmau All his
sclo numbers were given with eyre;,t
power and beauty. Grs. GawIcr gayc
rtistic work in difficult and cxactfu.,
supranO solos. OF the second quartet
Cf soloists, the work of Christine Church
Is deserving Of mention. Her voice i,
deep, rich and shows the results Of
careful training. Zell Weaver. .JaSEe,
John q. Klein, and Caspar G. Dickson
were tine other members of the second
quartet +. Y.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
FLIGHT ACROSS THE
THE OCEAN.

1t is announced that next summer
an attempt will be made to fly an
sirship from the coast of North
America to the English shore in the
period between dawn and sunset of a
single day. Rodman Wanamaher will
finance the attempt and the Aero
Club of America is fostering it. The
airship will be built in this country
and manned in its perilous fight by
only two men, an American naval
officer and an English naval officer.
The attempt may or may not sue
ceed, though there is no inherent
reason why it should fail. 1t is GER
tain that in view of the interest avia-
tors are taking in the problem Of
transatlantic fight it is going one
of these days to be accomplished.
Dangerous as is an attempt of this
sort, it has much more to commend
it, viewed from the standpoint of
science or future utilitarian develop
ment of aeronautics, than efforts to
break high altitude records, upside
Gown flying, and equally foolhardy
exploits.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05

What the politicians did-and how
they did twas behind the sacred
veil of the temple of the great god
Graft.
But the veil has been torn down
and burned, and the ashes have been
scattered. And now, instead of the
public wondering at the way the
politicians did it, the politicians are
wondering at the way the public;
through the Law, is doing it.
Cassidy, who knew both the law
and the ancient politics, bewails the
fact that the jury knew only justice
and not his kind of politics. He does
not seem to realize that his kind of
politics is, to use a figure he would
readily understand, a dead cock in
the pit.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
A TEST THAT IS NO TEST

The question of imposing a liter
acy test on immigrants to this coun-
try has been discussed again and
again. That the country, in times
of industrial development and COM
nercial activity, needs exactly the
kind of labor which imposition of
such a test would shut out is indis-
putable; that there is no causative
connection between illiteracy and
criminal tendency, when the former
is the result of advantages deaied, is
also indisputable; that ilIiterate i'm
migrants can become good citizens
and that their children arc moe than
likely to become excellent citizens
has been demonstrated by fact. No
where on earth has the proof of that
Ecen mere clearly established than
right here in the United States.
II was surely not by virtue OF in
telligent consideration Of the cues
tiOn that the literacy test feature of
the Burnett bill survived the vote on
it in the House of Representatives.
If Congress insists on its retention
1t will be in full knowledge that the
test is condemned by the best
thought in America, ard that the
President will be placed in dilemma
uncomfortable both to hirsclf and 70
the Democratic party when the bill
comes up for his signature.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
AT HOMES

Mrs. Key Pittman will receive thj.
afternoon at her home, Idaho and Ma
comb streets.
Mrs. Ella S. knight and Mrs. Z. Rich
ard Gasch will be at home to the mem
bers and friends of the Sunshine and
Community Society this afternoon from
until 6 o'clock at their residence, 17A
North Capitol street.
Mrs. Charles c. Byrne, of 2S1S Nine
teenth street, and her sister. Mrs. A
Med. McCook. will be at home inform
ally on Fridays in February.
=
Mrs. E. ]. McQuade and Miss -Edythe
Nevins McQuade will be at home, 1911
$ street northwest, tomorrow and next
Friday. and will have with them Mrs
Samuel Z. Gushing of London.
q
Mrs. Swanson wife of Senator Swan
son of Virginia, will be at home this
afternoon and will have assisting her
Mrs. Elmer Black, of New York; Miss
Flora Wilson, Mrs. Edgar Woods, of
Virginia, and Mrs. Nevin, of North
Carolina.
Mrs. John S. Blair will be at home
Fridays in February.
=
Mrs. Young, wife of General Young,
superintendent of Soldiers Home, will
be at home Fridays in February.
-
Mrs. Charles Fitzhugh will be at home
tomorrow and the following Fridays Of
February.
Mrs. John Struthers and Miss Helen
Struthers will be at home Tuesdays,
February II and "A, from until s
o o'clock.
Mrs. Lester 4. Barr and Miss Barr
will not be at home this afternoon, but
will receive next Thursday. and will
have with them Mrs. Shafroth, wife of
Senator Shafroth OF Colorado.
Mrs. Hugh Black Rowland will be at
home tomorrow afternoon and the fol-
lowing Fridays in February.
Due to the death of Mr.; Gresg's
mother Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Lamont
Gregg, of the National Cathedral
School for Boys. Will not receive on
the first. second and third FRIDAYS i'm
February, as formerly announced by
their cards.
Nine. Godoy and the Misses Godoy
will be at home at 14O0 Massachusetts
avenue Saturdays in February.
=
Mrs. MARITIME, wife of Senator MARITIME
of New Jersey, will be at home TO-DAY
and the following Thursdays in this
month.
Mrs. Martin s. Madden. wife of Con-
gresham Madden of Illinois. will not
make calls this season on account of
III health.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05

othy Martin, Of Overlook, Pa, who
has a cottage there for the season. Miss
Martin visited Miss Hammond in Wash
ington before going South.
Miss Mamie Brawner was hostess at
Welsh rarebit party last evening at
her home at Fort Myer, Va. She was
assisted by her house guest, Mss
Stella Myers. The other. guests were
Miss Catherine Spates, Miss Louise
Spates, Miss Marjorie Wilson, Miss En-
lily Etheridge, Miss Julia Benson Of
New York, Miss Helen Athens of Bal
timore. James Goddeus, Jack Rich,
Maynard Young, Eugene Whalen, Hen
ry Benson of New York, and Robert
Athens of Baltimore.
=
Congressman Martin B. Madden and
Mrs. Madden of Illinois, viii be hosts
at large reception tomorrow evening
at their home, isis Connecticut avenue,
from Q until IL O'Clock, in compliment
to the members of the Illinois delega-
tiOn in Congress
Assisting in receiving the guests will
be Mrs. Paul Henderson, daughter of
the hosts, who has just returned to
Washington from abroad.
81
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
FIGHTING 1T OUT.

Mexican developments since the
Executive order to lift the arms en-
barge point clearly to bloody fight
ing before the revolution can be ter
minated ard the Huerta regime end
ed. Unless Huerta is putting up a
gigantic bluff, the constitutionalists
may expect to encounter stiff oppo-
sition in their campaigning against
Mexico City. Meantime, arms are
being rushed across the border to
the revolutionary forces.
Despite much said against Villa.
his character is probably much less
black than painted. He has chance
now to show his real metal rs a
soldier and commander. The only
real hope for restoration Of some
thing like peace and order in Mexico
seems to rest in the leaders of the
constitutionalistS in the north. in
Carranza, Villa, and others about
them. They have a great opportu-
nity and it is up to them, under ia
sVorable conditions, to show them
selves worthy of the leadership
which has been allotted them. If the
Carranza' party fails, it is difficult
to see what hope there is ahead for
the country below the Rio Grande
save American intervention, restor-
alton of order by American arms
and then, in all Likelihood, annexa-
tion of Mexico or, more probably, the
northern states of Mexico.
The Washington times., 1914-02-05
LOCAL.
Liquor Dealers Score
Prohibition Amendment

Branding the proposed amendment to
the Constitution of the United States
for nationwide prohibition as an uu-
JustitiaDle interference with the liberties
Of citizens. in vigorously worded reso-
luton that was unanimously adopted,
the National Retail Liquor Dealers AS
sCciatiOn last evening concluded its
two nty-first annual conference at the
National Hotel and adjourned without
dat.
At the banquet, the final feature Of
tn" session, President NJ. +. Farley
urged closer cooperation between the
brewers. retailers, and wholesalers Of
the country. Ofrccrs for the ensuing
year were elected and Installed as fol-
I"9ys.
President, NJ. +. Farley, New York ;
trst livl president. Neil Bonner. Phila-
d,lphia: second vice president, Thomas
=. Burke, Springfield, Mass. secretary,
Robert !. Halle. Chicago; treasurer,
Thomas {. Hayes Newark, y. j.: clair
man Congressional committee, Hugh i.
Harvey, Washington.