davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
LARGE INCREASE IN
CHESAPEAKE { OHIO

The report OF Comptroller t. F.
Sullivan, of the Chesapeake and Ohio
railroad for the month OF January
shows:
Operating Revenues-Freigh reve-
nues. increase. s14s.I707s. passen-
ger revenue, increase. $a7,6l5.o5:
other transportation revenue. de-
crease. sl.2s7.72; neutrality-suspicious.
revenue. increase, $7.05o.sl. Total.
increase, $IS2.548.93.
Operating Expenses-Maintena
OF way and s.. decrease, $13.2s2.s1.
maintenance of equipment, increase.
s45,975.66: traffic expenses. decrease,
si,232.s5: transportation expenses.
increase, $107,056.97: general ex-
penses. increase. si2,1o0.s1. Total,
increase, $3.50, 5077S.
Net operating reyenue, increase,
$32,04l.15; other income (baiance),
increase, $12.o36.o3; gross income,
increase, $44,0T7.1s: deduct fixed
charges, increase, s20.22154; deduct
taxes, decrease, $6,4s4.00. Total.
$13.73754.
Net income. increase. $40, 33a64
Proportion of operating expenses
to operating revenues, increase, per
cent
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
WILL
MEET AT EXPOSITION

LONDON, March TN keeping
with the objects Of the Anglo Ameri-
can exposition tn promote the peace
of the world and increase interna-
ticnaI commerce, the American exec
utive committee announces that an
international convention of textile
manufacturers will be- held Ia July
in the convention hall of the expo
sition In London
The manufacturers OF all nations
will be invited and the principal OBJ
iect of the convention will be to meet
on neutral ground with serious en-
deavor To arrange for the internation-
al copyright or patent protection of
textile designs Because of the want
Of such protection In the past, manu-
facturers have hesitated about push
ing their goods abroad because pf
the fear that their designs. which
have cost a great deal to prepare.
would be cop1ed by INSCRIPTIONS imi-
tators 1t Is proposed to guard
against this by coming to such an
agreement as will bring about an
appeal to the respective governments
for the adoption of law that the
manufacturers themselves shall agree
will be fair for their mutual protec-
non.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
Preserving Pork
Time and Labor-savins Apparatus

Several years ago ! provided a
small lot adjoining my dooryard In
which to corral the hogs for killing.
I have forks. pole and gAmbol sticks
that have been In use for years, and
are Kept where they need not be
moved over 90 feet When In use
they are placed against ono corner of
the wash house beside the door and
can be put In place or removed in
five minutes' time. The scalding and
cleaning are done near this hanging
rack, so as to require but little time
or trouble to hang them up, says C.
II. Mccormick, OF Ohio. In Southern
Farming.
My outside cellarway IL an Enclosed
room about IL by IL feet with brick
floor. Along one side OF this room I
have by 4 scantling. on which are
20-penny spikes to hang the meat
after cutting. The cutting table IL
made OF by f4-fnch oak about rect
long. When the hogs arc cooled this
table Ii brought from the cellar and
we are ready for business. The lard
and sausage are separated and put
into separate vessels. Strings are put
into the meat and the latter Ii hung
on the spikes, which arc at one side
OF the spikes, which arc at ono SIDE
fcf the cutting table, requiring but
little time or trouble to hang up.
After the meat Ii cold and Arm 4
I'D neatly trimmed and piAc1d hack on
the Halls until ready ~ peclk. NY
staerreas Are brought 4r0sa cellar
81 - naAAt uaeie4 ~ ~
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
possible and each layer of meat
sprinkled with salt
Curing the Pork.

possible and each layer of meat Is
sprinkled with salt.
Curing the Pork.
I sugar cure all my pork-hams.
shoulders and strips Of bacon. The
heads and feet are cooked in a large
iron kettle, the same in which was
heated the water for scalding. make
a. strong brine, adding four to six
quarts of sorghum or other mo,asses
to IA or s gallons of brine. and at
ter this cools 1t is poured over the
meat: and this stands without furth-
err labor for from four to six weeks,
depending on size of meat.
1t is smoked. usually with sassa-
fras wood, and then returned to the
room where salted. and the flesh side
of all Is, busted with pulverixed borax.
requiying from l Ia to 2 pounds for
the meat Of or 10 hogs, costing rs
cents for two pounds. It is then
hung up and needs no further care.
as no flies or hairy bugs will touch
1T, and 1t will keep until used. I have
a number Of pieces OF 1919 still hang
ing. which are just as good as ever.
and 1t IL quite relish to cut into one
OF these hams. even whe nj have
fresh meat In plenty.
4 To use the borax. take q pound
baking powder can. punch . few
small holes from the inside Of the
lid. put In the borax and get busy for
4 few minutes, ana Jon viii never
AsAin Fescst 70 Wrapping q sAekins
Y %0NF N4SNele @ ss n h
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
BIC BOND ISSUES
FOR COAST LINE

The Atlantic Coast Line has re-
Gently decided to make an important
change in it's financial program by
abandoning the splan to Issue per
cent unified mortgage bonds, and
substitute therefor bonds which can
he issued in series at such rate of
Interest as may be suitable to meet
the demands OF the money markets
~ the time any given series Is Of
Tered The aggregate OF the new
bonds is to be the same as that OF
the unified 4 per cents. $200.Oo0.000,
and the stockholders OF the railroad
80 to decide at q meeting In RICH
ulond on April LIST. whether the bonds
sahan be issued. But there is no
doubt that the plan will be approved.
There have been issued under the
nnifed mortgage something less than
4tt, 1000, 600 bonds which run until
1853, and. about S26.000,00O OF the
ps0poeed bonds will be reserved for
srofnnding. 30 that $I75,000. 600 will
xSsnain to be issued for other re-
suu6raments a. may be necessary. OF
4 10 Nnieed bonds outstanding. "a,
1 I'M, 1eo were recently sold, 70 that
! 1<Inncfn8 for present needs az the
4 - Sfany u zproyided. II u interest.
m phaasse ccnkesrinE the pro-
. ~ 6I MI thEt ~ = pc bic the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08

J. G. Peters, of the Office of State
cooperation. federal forest service.
appeared last week before Joint COM
rhittees of the Virginia legislature to
discuss certain features Of the pro-
posed forestry bill for the State. The
senate committee on agriculture and
mining and the house of delegates
committee on agriculture. mining, and
manufacturing, Joined In the invitation
to Mr.. Peters.
His remarks were in part as follows.
The forests of Virginia supply the
raw materials for an industry which
is exceeded in the value of its pro-
duction only by agriculture. The last
decennial census, in 1903. shows that
there were over $500 sawmills oper-
ating in the State. These reported an
aggregate production of rough lum-
Der of more than two billion board
feet In addition, the materials used
for veneering, cooperage stock, cross
ties. pulp wood. mining props, tele-
graph poles and other products
amounted to about 500 million feet.
The total amount of wood contri buted
annually by Nirginia's forests exclu-
sive of that for domestic use aggre-
gates therefore more than i-2 bill
lion feet. having a value of about
SIS, 900, 600. Probably but one-third of
this sum went to the owners of the
timber, the remainder going princi-
palIy to the wage Garner.
Protection of the forests which sup
ply the timber for these products Is
of fundamental Importance This
should be accompanied by the proper
handling of the forest so as to make
1t constantly productive.
Most Productive Forest Region
Virginia lies In a forest region which
is potentially one OF the most pro-
ductive in the world The region Is
favored with a long growing season.
II bears the greatest variety of hard
wood species and the hest remaining
hardwood growth anywhere to be
found. Its coniferous forests are
among the most vaiuatie In the United
States. Free frem fire and unwise
cutting. the foi ests OF his region read
lily reproduce valuable timber. Outside
of local areas OF the Pacific coast no.
where else in the United States Is for
est growth more rapid Ever land
cleared and farmei 10 the complete
exhaustion OF Its soil win in his region
in a comparatively short time rscIothe
itself with forests II only IL Is pro-
tecsed from fire.
Fire is the forests greatest enemy.
The damage from fire In Virginia has
been enormous. Probably as much
timber has been killed by fire or
burned up as has been utilized Thou
sands OF acres are burned over an
nualiy and the normal loss each year
by the injury To and dest ruction OF
mature timber is at least $3.50. 900 To
this must be added the losses from
the destruction of young growth. de-
terforation of the soil slower growth
Ecf the timber. Injurious effect on wa
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
Industrial Notes

T.. r. Kearney, vice president Texas
and Pacific railway. New Orleans,
saws the company hopes TO be able 10
purchase new equipment in the near
future.
The four freight locomotives which
the Missouri and North Arkansas
railroad ordered from the Baldwin
are three Mikado type ard one. 10
v heeler. The road also contem plates
purchasing i've eabooses and TWO steel
comhiantion mail and passenger
coaches.
western Maryland is TO buy twen-
~ consolidation locomotives
ST. Lotus, Brownsville and Mexico
railway Is getting bids for contem
plated equipment purchases. incind-
ing several hundred freight cars and
a few passenger cars The company
will also buy sixteen or eighteen con-
solidation locomotives
iiiiiiiiiili
Illinois Central has ordered $500
tons Of rails. the tonnage being di-
yifed between the Tennessee Coal
Iron and Railroad company and the
Illinois Eteri- Cam ia ny haiss-=fhe
total tonnage having been Increased
there Will ne. II lis announced, 25,-
600 tons rolled by the Birmingham
company.
Atlantic Coast Line has ordered H.
600 tons of rails from the Maryland
Steel company. Sparrows Point.
ST. Louis Southwestern 10 reported IN
the market for LOCO or 2,0oo cars.
Frisco system has ordered 5000
tens OF rails from the Tennessee Coal
Iron and Railroad company.
Southern railway has ordered sew
enteen Mikado and ten Pacific type
locomotives from the American Loco
motive company. to be built at Reh-
mond.
Virginia Southwestern railway Is
reported to have ordered 500 steel
gondoia cars from the Pressed Steel
Car company.
| Chesapeake and Ohio railway has
ordered six Pacific type engines from
the American Locomotive company
The road Is also reported the market
for 450 tons of bridge steel
Jackson {Tenn.) Railway and Light
company Is building an extension, and
X Is reported, will order four new
cars.
Our imported cotton laces and en-
broideries are mostly from Switzer-
land. France, the United Kingdom
and Germany: cotton cloths, chiefly
from the United Kingdom and France
and cotton knit goods. almost exclu-
sively from Germany.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08

ter resources. interruption of business,
and depreciation Of other property.
In the Virginia forests the damage
to the timber Is confined 20 the small
trees and to the butts of the older
trees which repeated fires leave
SCARED and hollow. Damage of this
character lis not so noticeable as the
destruction of the entire forest, which
frequently takes place in the confer
Gus forests IT the North and West,
but 1t Is nevertheless severe on ac-
count of being SO widespread.
Protection From Fire Is Essential.
Protection of the virgin or old
growth trees is of very great impor-
lance. The decrease In the timber
supply will be felf first In the short
age of the better grades of lumber
which these large trees alone can prog
duce There is bound to come a
period in this country, and in this
State. when there will be a lack Of
trees of the larger or even medium
sizes. OF course. trees which are
small now will eventually supply
these sizes. But the old growth tim
Der Of today ought to be protected and
properly handled so that II may be
put te the best possible use.
Beside the measurable loss of tim
Der from the older trees, the youth
growth upon which depends the per
the recon is destroyed Protection If
this young growth, especially on cut
over lands, is therefore of the utmost
importance.
One of the most serious results of
fire is the deterioration of the forest.
and the soil, and the consequent de-
cline In the rate of growth OF the
trees. There are areas in the State,
as along the Massanutten. Shenan-
foah. and Blue Ridge mountains.
which are largely unproduetive on
acc Unit Of fires or on which such val
liable trees as pine, white oak. and
yellow poplar have been supplanted
by the black oaks or other inferior
species.
Steady Streamfiow the Aim.
The effect of forest fires on the
navigability of streams, through the
Injury of the absorptive capacity OF
the soil for storm water, is of such
Importance a. to have been recognized
by the federal government in the
enactment of the So-calied Weeks law,
which appropriated 100000 for CO.
operative work with the States In
protecting frcm fire forests on the
watersheds OF nayfgabie streams This
law also appropriated 100000 for
the purchase nf forested lands, which
are important In maintaining the navi-
gabiiity of water courses, and in pur-
chasing such lands the government
pays a higher price for those which
have not been badly burned than for
tracts which have undergone the
ravages Of fire.
Virginia has productive forest
area Of about fifteen million acres
On this area as a whole it is safe to
say that the average annual produc-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
NORFOLK { WESTERN
HAS GOOD REPORT

Joseph w. Coke. comptroller Of the
Norfolk and Western railway. makes
this report for the month of January.
Operating Revenues -- Passenger,
mail and express. increase. SIS, o23.65.
freight. decrease, S4+3,993.a3. Total
operating revenues, decrease, s4Ts,-
970.2S.
Operating Expenses-Ma Maintenance
of way and structures, decrease. SAL
2f2.oS. maintenance OF equipment. in
crease. Sl3.665.9S: traffic expenses.
increase. $2.o19.2o, conducting trans
portation. increase, 1.s3s.3T: gener-
al expense. increase. S12,49l.5l. To-
tai operating expenses. increase, s22.
1878; net operating revenues, de-
crease, $441,70S2S: other income
tbalancel. decrease. $1s.i4s.25, gross
income, decrease. $45s, S56.51; deduct
fixed charges. increase. $3S,505.99.
deduct taxes. increase, SIS, 10000:
net income. decrease. s51s.3s2.5o.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
PRIMAL, FORESTS OF VIRGINIA
SUPPLY WORLD WITH MATERIAL
of Old Dominion
Value of Agriculture the State

ton per acre does not amount 10
more than $50 board feet of log ma
terial. The total annual growth ls.
therefore, about two and one-halr Dill
lion feet, which is less than the an
nual cut.
Through the application of forestry,
including first of all protection from
fire. this annual growth should be
more than doubled If, however, IL
were increased by only ten board rect
an acre, the annual timber grown
of the State would be greater by 1so,-
coo, 900 board feet. At the low rate
of SIS per thousand this amount. II
manufactured. would be equivalent 10
an increased annual income from TIM
Der products of s2.250,000, to be. dis
tributed not only among the land
owners. but mainly among those VINO
furnish the labor and materials LOT
marketing these products. To OBTAIN
this increased income the state couid
we'll afford to invest an appropriation
of $4,000, $4,000. or even S3o.ooe
Sums such as these would moreover
be very cheap insurance for the pro-
lection of standing timber, estimated
at upwards of 10000. 0o0,oo board
feet. worth over 100000 to the
owners, and many times that TO the
peopie of the State IL saved for manu-
facture.
Private interests NdFeu FoT.
In framing legislation for Virginia.
one important fact should be kept IN
mind Practically all the timber OF
the State is in the hands of private
owners. II forestry is to be prac-
ticed. then it must be by these same
owners of forest land For this rea-
son the State should endeavor to make
the practice of forestry by private
owners as easy as possible by remor-
ing first such an obstacle as the lack
of protection from fire. At the same
time it should educate the owners OF
timberland, through actual co-opera-
ton with them, to the need OF ADOPT
ing practical forestry on their hold
ings. This should be Virginia's chief
aim in forestry. 1t can be accom-
plished by "a the organization of a
non-partisan forest department, CD
the appointment of a technically train
ed man as State forester. CD the
establishment of fire protective sys-
tenn. and t4) an adequate approprla-
ton of funds.
Measures Of this kind have been
adopted by practically all the North
eastern States, the Lake states, ana
those OF the Pacific Northwest. l,
therefore. wish to urged you of Viz
ginia. who live In a region more fav-
orable to timber crops, and to the
practice Of forestry than any of these,
to adopt similar measures. The bor-
dering States of Maryland and Ken
lucky have done so, West Virginia
has a forest fire protective system.
and North Carolina has a State for
ester. These are the only Southern
States which have taken positive ac-
ton In forestry Virginia ought to
adopt a progressive forest policy.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
VIRGINIA ALFALFA
FORGING AHEAD

virginia is fast coming to the front
as an alfalfa State" said Hal Sewer.
of Richmond. at the Shoreham, says
the Washington Post. "As recently
as last fall exhibits from the Old
Dominion Of that highly nutritious
forage at the great Texas fair took
first and second prizes against the
competition even Of Texas and Ok
lahoma- This was the greatest sort
Of distinction. Previously the al
falfa of Texas and Oklahoma had
been considered the very best the
country afforded. They get from five
to six cuttings year IN Texas, ana
four and FIVE In Oklahoma. the aver
age yield per acre per cutting being
about ton and half.
"yfrginia's exhibit came from Bell
wood farm. in Chesterfield county.
The exhibitor, Canadian named
Beilwood. settled in Chesterfield coun-
ty twenty-five years ago. He bought
one OF the Drewry farms Of 100
acres, and by scientific cultivation
soon brought the production of corn
on even the poorest parts or the
place from twenty bushels per acre
to eighty and one hundred. He be-
gan experimenting with alfalfa about
ten Years ago, when alfalfa was con-
sidered the rankest sort OF an exotic
In these parts. and opinion among tne
farmers of Virginia was positively
hostile to its introduction.
Through ignorance of the nature
of the plant and want of knowledge
of the means OF preparing the ground
for It's intreduction.M Mr.. Bellwood fall
ed three times to secure permanent
stands, and these failures inspired a
letter to an agricultural paper. IN
which he set forth his opinion that
climate and soil conditions in Viz
GINA were against the successful pro-
duction of alfalfa But after ne had
taken a trip through the West and
learned more Of the plant. he tried
fall seeding at Beilwood farm. and
had immediate success. There are
200 acres of alfalfa at Beliwood To-
aay, and the forage annually harvest
ed from them has reduced by IS per
cent the cost to Mr.. Bellwood OF miik
and butter production. Today he In
sending through the State at his own
expense a special car showing BELL
wood farm samples OF the plant.
Captain Jack, the alfalfa king oi
F.redericRsburg. has seo thriving
acres. and there are 500 more az the
famous Curtis Neck place OF c. X.
q. R!ilfngs. the Western millionaire
horseman. recently purchased from
the estate OF the late Carl SEM
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
DECREASE IN
B. { D. EARNINGS

The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
company reports for January oper-
aung revenue s7.29s.1s1. decrease as
compared with the same month Of
1912 s1.1e7,S44: operating expenses,
s5.s57. 0s2; decrease, $s46.929: net
operating revenue, 1859. 099, de-
crease. $460,915.
The figures for the first seven
months OF the current fiscal year.
July to January, inclusive. are oper-
ating revenue. s5S.950.125. decrease,
$903.21S: operating expenses, $43,-
T24,244; increase. $ss5.144: net oper-
ating revenue. s16,225.ssi: decrease.
s1.S9S362.
These figures do not include out
side operations. which. as estimated.
will show deficit in net for jan
uary of $4,000. as compared with a
deficit OF $sS.S01.37 for the same
month year ago.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
LITTLE BEANS SOON
TO COME FROM WEST
CALIFORNIA GROWERS SEE
PROSPERITY COMING WITH
PANAMA CANAL.

RICHMOND, CAL, March Tn
q newspaper recently there was =
story with The modest title Of The
Little White Reaii" II seemed an
insignificant sort of a subject, and
one that might not attract the aver
age reader but II is full OF porten-
toHs meaning fer the eommerce Of
San Francisco hay and the city Of
Richmond. with its new harbor.
The story Was TO the effect THAI
$4,000, eco worth OF little beans are
now sent East from Stockton alone,
not counting Sacramento or any other
points in the big interior valleys. and
that it costs eighty-five cents by the
carload lor to ship them, while by
the Panama canal 1t will cost forty
cents.
When the canal Is in operation, tho
story says, the big valleys will grow
beans for the entire East.
The little story refers to beans only.
products grown In immense quantity.
that will be shipped East by the
Panama canal These products must
all come to San Francisco bay to -
loaded on ships. and that will great
ly enlarge the bay commerce.
Richmonds inner harbor viii ~
one of the main shipping points tor
all this produce. because ii In the
nearest point On the railroads TO deep
water That is why Stockton. Sacra.
mento. Fresno. Modesto. MA<yvvt1lal
and other cities OF the great vA1le1N
Endorsed the harbor here a146 a9@uo&
and why the congresszaez6 4lo1
sections fought for II. 81 ~
The bean story relnt1e 70 CA1IlS
MIA alone. The produces o3 N111ru'
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-03-08
CATHOLIC WOMAN'S
CLUB HAS ELECTION

Officers for the ensuing two-year
term have been elected by the Cath
oAc Wonan's club, as follows:
Mrs J. NJ. Miller president; Miss Nora
Houston, first ice-president; Mrs
Robinson, second president; Mrs.
Joseph Kahn. recording secretary;
Miss T. c. Houston. financial secre-
tary; Mrs. John Bliley, treasurer
Board OF governors: Miss Agnes Fer
ritter. Miss Canepa, Mrs. ]. J. Will
liams. Miss Anne Lee. Miss Ruby
Dart. Miss Wayne Hughes and Miss
Griffith.