The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-05-31

the smallpox hospital this county, that only five have died at that hospital in the last seven years and three of these died from complications in no way con- nected with smallpox.
 The discreet type is rarely fatal the continent type often fatal; the bloody type almost always fatal, and varioloid Is never fatal without complications, which are very rare. It is more fatal in coinmuni- ties where there has been little or no vac- cinations. and among children. The for mer explains the great fatality among the aborignes.
 It should, however, not be forgotten that fatal case of smallpox, in the in dividual, may be contracted from the mildest kind of case. Smallpox is not a disease of filth, but It is a disgusting and filthy disease Therefore, 1t is not disease for sanitation except in the larger sense of bad sanitation as it eff fleets all diseases by reducing the resist ance of the body-thus predisposing to at tack of all diseases and the power to withstand it. There is not but one pre- ventive, and that is the most certain, successful, constant and reliable preven- tive known to medicine, to-wit, vaccina- tion.
 That successful vaccination prevents smallpox for a period of time (about seven years) is known to all people of average intelligence. Governments who are controlled by science and fact and not by ignorance, superstition and foolish ideas of an exaggerated personal liberty. have made vaccination compulsory and have practically abolished smallpox from their territory Space will not permit statistical citation to establish this-but the figures are available.
 First, I call attention to some of the common beliefs, to-wit: That vaccination is often dangerous, that lockjaw, syphilis, tuberculosis, erysipelas, etc, are often produced by vaccination. That such was the case with the old method of vacci- hating and the virus used is admitted to be true, but never to the extent be- lieved. At the present time instances are so exceedingly rare that they need not even be considered, ana such beliefs are often employed to avoid or as an excuse for refusxng vaccination. The reasons of the harr,lessness of the present method are two: First the little operation of scratching the skin is aseptic; second, tbe use of. practically sterile virus ob- tained from the COW or rather calf Arm to arm vaccination is ho longer employed ana the communication of syphilis and tuber culoss entirely avoided. Only bow inc virus, or virus from calf, that has been itself vaccinated with the cow pox, and which has been sterilized and put up in sterile packages, is employed for vaccination.
 It might be we'll to remember the fol- lowing:
 l. The virus of smallpox inoculated into a COW will produce cowpox.
 ?. The virus of cowpox inoculated into man or another COW produces cowpox not smallpox
 3. Cowpox whether contracted through contagion by one COW from another. or inoculated from one COW to another will produce cowpox, not smallpox.
 4 Cowpox, however produced. when in- oculated into man. produces cowpox only. which is called vaccinia from vacca. a COW.
 D. Smallpox cannot be caused by yacci- nation with bovine virus.
 Preparation of Virus
 This Is done under the supervision, of the United States government and no person or corporation can engage in the business without license from. and the cowpox virus from another this has to be renewed each year. Young calves are selected. These are kept in quarantine for a week and carefully watched. If found healthy aft CT a week the Hanks and sometimes the inner side of the thighs are opened and thoroughly scrubbed with soap and water; then several incisions are made the cowpox Is developed the calf Is calf is taken and gently rubbed into these incisions. The calf Is then put Into a clean room and watched. talk