El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-05-09

90, and so far inland that with the
changes Of trains. it takes almost -FOUR
The cars cross the Andes at a pass
{ that Is several hundred 1eet hlGner
2 than the top of Pixies Peak, and then
! drops down to 4 plateau that mas the
SAME altitude as the SHOWS which kiss
{ the sky on the summit Of tuJiyaIIa.
I the sacred mountain Of Japan gu
[ travel over this plateau Tor ABOUT -gU
! miles, and then enter be2utlIul val
! ley about 1000 feet lower The pla-
! teau IS covered with grass. and IS
I spotted with the matched mud nuts OF
I countless indians Of the Incas' de
! SCendauts It has good pastures, and
8 upon il are feeding tens Of thousands
Of sheen and great floc1S Of alpacaS
{ and liamas. It has small cultivated
patches here ard there. hut its gen
/ eral aspect is dreary and bleak.
Valley Like the Garden Of Eden.
The valley has a different appear
ance-- It seems like a Garden Of Eden
/ rs YOU descend from the pamnas. There
are great fields of grain and acres Of
/ potatoes and beans There are patches
/ Of Quinua and tracts Of green harley.
Z which just now are sDrinkled with the
/ yellow blossoms Of the mustard that
has grown up among it
This land belongs To the hacendadOs.
I or the white or halfbreed Peruvians.
/ It has some large houses. but every
| where scattered through the farms are
| indian villages with their mud huts.
/ the homes Of the lahorerS. Some OF
| the fields are surrounded by low
] fences of stone or mud walls. and many
! Of them are in terraces that rise. step
/ by step. from the valley. hi9h IN the
! slopes of the mountains There are
/ some pastures. and everywhere are
| beautiful wild flowers The whole
] country looks fertile. rich 3nd well
/ kent There are cattle and sheen and
J alnacaS- all eating tO@ether rs they ere
] watched over by indian h"rdmeu- the
| whole forming = ricture Of 0rosnNritv
/ that IS ~@centu9ted nv the poverty Of
/ the HIGHLANDS from which you have
dropped
T:,e CanitaI Of the T1cn~.
It IS at the head of this beautiful
valley that CuzcO is situated It lies on
the slope Of the mountain. and as you
stand above il on the site of the old
fOrtifiCation built by the Incas. this
great fertile tract is spread out before
you
It is probable that it was this sight
that made the first Inca king. Nance
Capac. choose CuzCO as the capital OF
his nation. He saw il hundreds Of years
before Columbus discovered America, I
and the empire he founded was already
from four to six centuries old. when il
was conquered and destroyed by the
Spaniard. Pizarro
According to tradition # had been |
founded by a race that was descended (
from a child Of the sun. and by him /
placed on an island in Lake Titicaca- A I
prince and princess Of this race were /
given golden rod by the sun god and ;
told TO 20 forth and ciyil5Ze the SavaEeS {
of the Andes They were told to select /
as the site Of their city whore that rod Z
should sink into the earth As the story
goes. they Travelled across the pampaS.
and when they reached here the golden
rod fen and disappeared IN the ground. (
On that SPOT thev outlined the CHER
nlaza and about II grew W lIlclel ~
CuzCo. Whether this story De true OF
not il is certain that here the lncas
built a great CITY and for generations
this was the c10ital Of their empire
a. nv
and south The inca dom Mons took Z
IN wha- is now the city OF bul-o, IN
Ecuador. and extended to TAR beloW /
V-h0-e now stands Santiago the capita!
Cu-r0 itself chen con-ai7ed over "oo9a9 7
t-rarf+ru+z ard the ncopIe ruled FROM 80
,z-a rrr,--, r,a-rf bv -ha tons Of rnilHou-. Thew
we're by for tho most civilized n rU South
a merica- and it is Question VnaJAer th't
They constructed wonderful buildings with
temples and palaces and great fortiIica-
'-S Mined Gold and silver.
The Incas knew how to mine gold and sill
yer and were skiliful in the smeltlnE an
refining Of copper and lead They had COP
per tools and they were expert goidsmiths
and silversmiths- They took the Wild liarnas
and aIpacas OF the pampas and tanned them
They made the IIamas their beasts Of bur
den. and from the wool Of the alpaca they
5vove an sorts Of garments and beautiful
blankets They made hats and shoes and
were skilled in the dyeinE Of fabrics
These Incas. whose ancestors date back
1--lll3- -9 A-AH A--t-E VA --.--1e ---r
Of astronomy. They observed the
squinoxes and the eclipses Of the moon and
the sun They had a land system and were
skllled IN the pullqlng OF Toals- Lley hlL-N
something Of arithmetic and made calcula-
ions by means Of knots Of strings OF dif-
-erent colors- They had musical instru-
neuts like some that their descendants PLAY
IpOn today. and it is said that they had
songs Of love making and even plays and a
lrama-
It's Glory Has Departed
The CuzcO OF toGay IS not more than one
enth the size it was when Pizarro first saw Z
T. Il has now about 10000. and il is more
Ike a city Of old Spain built during the I
tai Of Atahualpa. the Inca king The town
s made Of one. two and three story build
nEs Of stone or adobe covered with plaster
It has roofs Of light red tiles that sparkle
lnder the blue sky and bright sun OF the
'rs- they are all close to the sidewalks.
-unnlng along narrow streets paved with
han 20 or 80 feet wide. and from above
-ou see nothing but this terra Gotta ex-
lanse Of rldged roofs rising and falling with I
ne Slopes OF the CITY, and crossed here and
here by streaks Of bright blue marking the
High above the houses. however. and All
ver the city rise the dOmes and spires OF
he great churches and converts built by the
paniarus. when they had grown rich by en- !
LAYING the indians and taking the vast
cards Of silver and gold they found in their
2pitaL CuzcO has a church for every than
and Inhabitants. and some Of them are so
lagniflcent that they would attract atten-
on in any country Of Europe.
Right in the center Of the town is a beau
Iul plaza cut out OF what was once the
llef central square Of the Incas. Its area ]
now not more than four or five acres. but
We churches face upon il. including the I
-thedral Of Cuzco. which itself covers sew I
al acres That building has a church on
Re side, and just across the way is the great
ructure Of La Compania. which was built
the Jesuits as their chief house Of yvor-
up Adjoining the building is the old Jesuit /
invent magnificent structure. where the
onks worked and taught This was taken
the government when IL drove the Iesufts
IT, and it has been turned into a university
Re great patio about which the holy faith
strolled Is now used as a tennis court
"a saw the students there playing dri,--
3 the ball over the net when ] passed !
Another great church is La MERGED. whose
-erlor IS one mass OF carving including
TED stone columns. and a ceiling OF ce-
IN panels. eSquisiteiy done. Here my
zoe was a young priest whom I photo
4phed IN the cioisters. And then there I
the Church Of Santo Domingo that
ms on the foundation Of the Old Tenn /
OF the sun Of the meas. and that Of
francisco. whose choir is a mass OF rich
ing The little chapel Of san Bias has
liHest wood pulpit known in the world I
. one mass Of carving done by the
I. 1lst-.tltlS OF the lncas. and is so beautiful
~ F1',,N' was recently offered for it.
m Has Magnificent Cathedral
--He e1lhearal Of Cuzco is uarbans the
l!ssl or all the Catholic churches ou the
= me lcan continent IT is vasi
5 ~ or carvings plated with gold OF
-e- paintings. some Of which woe