Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1914-01-29

IHe INSECTS dlUeT v SitiHS IhlS 90
cretion then visit the blossoms and
deposit from their legs and bodies
the bacillus of the blight which en-
ters the system of the tree, through
the blossom by means of the unpro-
tected nectary glands and we have
blossom blight.
Disease In Twlgs.
Here comes the phase known as
twig blight or fire blight; the latter
because a tree affected looks as If it
had been scorched by fire, the bios
SONS and leaves of affected twigs,
become discolored and die condition
which may occur any time from May
until September, the suddenness OF
Tits appearance is somewhat discon-
certing to the fruit grower, who
walks through his orchard one day
and finds the trees apparently heal
thy only in a few days to find bios
SONS and leaves dry, brown, and
shrivelled this death of the leaves
and blossoms does not mark the be
ginning of the disease, but rather it's
last stages in those parts affec .e1.
If the bark of twigs affected be
cut and examined the affected area
will be found to be shrunken and dis
colored a dark reddish brown or pur-
plush, sometimes the bark will be
blistered and often such blistered ar
cas- will be covered with dry gum
my exudate, on first appearance this
exudate is transparent and almost col
orless, but as the moisture evaporates
from it, it becomes first amber col
or, then brown and finally dark
reddish brown when dry.
The disease usually begins at the
tip of the twig or in the blossom and
works downward, it may travel at the
rate of a quarter of an inch to two
inches day, the rate of progress de-
pending upon the succulency of the
twig and the atmospheric temperatur-
| es, the more juicy the twig, the more
rapid the development and warm days
and cloudy days are more favorable
than cold clear days.
On reaching the base of the twig
it may pass into the branch bearing
the twig and from this point progress
both up and down the branch, it may
girdle the branch, and when such
girdling occurs the flow of sap is
prevented from reaching the upper
part of the branch, which slowly dies
for lack of nourishment.
Disease in Main Limbs or Trunk
Apple tree. If the disease is on
the apple it is usually defined as
canker within a well defined and linn
tied area, while the disease is active
the bark affected will usually be a
little darker in color and will appear
as If water soaked, some times APP
pear little raised and blister when
again appears the gummy exudate,
as soon as unfavorab'e cond .tions
arise such as diminution of the sap
supply, which may be due to Lack
of cultivation, drought, or cod wealth
er the disease is checked the germs
present consume all the food material
in the affected area their number de-
crease, as soon as the disease be-
comes inactive the affected bark
shrinks and in doing so, is torn from
the surrounding tissue and a crack
is thus formed usually encircling the
dead portion.
If this dead bark is cut it will be
seen to be brown, in contrast to the
pale green or creamy white of the
healthy bark and the line of demar-
cation between these is usually sharp
and distinct, the dead bark is tough, ,
germs will have pushed be !
yond the we'll defined cankered area 6
Ind will remain alive though not
very active until favorable conditions
,nce more obtain when they will re-
'ume activity and another cankere1
lrea surrounding the old one will
hus be produced.
This may go on and on until sew
rial such areas are presented and
ogether will they represent the ter .
ninatio of period of activity. :;
Pear Tree. When once the germ
) introduced into the bark of a main :
Imb or trunk of pear tree. 1t sell
ON dies out until the whole tree is
cad, unless the disease Is removd,
he disease deyelopes and spreads :
cry fast the exterior of the bark :,
ecomes discolored, sometimes brown y
nd some times purplish, crack ng, y
and permitting the amber :,
olored fluid to escape, on the pears
IDS fluid will often be seen flowing -
own over the side Of the tree, the -
lsease may spread In any direction
nd the cracks marking it's period "
: activity may be Longitudinal or