Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1914-07-24

standard accurately reproducible from
its specifications which IL capable OF
serving rs a reliable check upon the
electric standards. II has. therefore.
appeared worth while to make study
Of the best types OF flame lamps to
see how closely they would reproducs
In the bureau OF laboratory the values
adopted by international agreement
and also to find whether their reliable
ity as primary standards could be In.
creased by any changes in construc-
ton or in operation.
The Carcel lamp IL by far the least
reliable Of the three types. and can
not be considered a. competitor for
general acceptance.
The Hefner and the pentane lamps
as made at present divide honors; the
latter is markedly superior as prac-
teal standard, but individual pentane
lamps do not agree, and until lamps
can be Independently made which
shall give the same value the type
can hardly be said to be reproducible.
The Hefner lamp IL so simple in con.
struction that reproduction Of lamps
Is relatively easy. Lamps now made
show small differences due to slight
departures from mean dimensions,
but these differences can be made neg.
ligible by more careful construction.
Great difficulty Is experienced. how
ever. in making accurate comparisons
OF working standards against Hefner
lamps because Of the very low in.
tensity (0.9 candle) and the red color
Of the fame. ~
1t Is believed to be possible to apply
the principle of the present pentane
lamp In specially made. accurately
specified lamps with interchangeable
parts. and thus to obtain q closer
agreement between lamps. Then by
operating the lamps under definite
conditions one should be able to OBJ
tain sufficient precision with either the
Hefner or the pentane lamp to give q
valuable check on the electric stand.
ards now In use.
Ninety billion tons of water are car
ried hourly through the Florida straits
Of the gulf stream.
Great KIver according to Rear
Pillsbury, United
States navy. retired. Pillsbury was for
merly chief Of the bureau OF naviga-
ton and Is the greatest authority on
the gulf stream. The gulf stream, he
states. in letter to the National
Geographical society which was made
public the other day, Is probably the
grandest and most mighty terrestrial
phenomenon.
IT this one single hours flow of
water could be evaporated," he said,
the remaining salts would require
many times more than all the ships
in the world to carry 1t. 1t II dimcult
for the mind to grasp the immensely
Of the great ocean river.
when one IL on board q vessel
floating upon its waters one is not
as much impressed at the power and
grandeur of this wonder of nature as
he is when he stands before Niagara
Falls. But when one remembers that
the mighty torrent speeding on hour
by hour equals in volume all the larg-,
est rivers Of the world combined and
that it carries its benef1cent heat to
temper the climate of continents, one
begins to realize that Of all the forces
of the physical world none otheracan
equal this one river Of the ocean,"
Resembling shrieks, which pierced
the usual stiffness Of court Of appeals
at close intervals
Boys Smarter the other day,
Courts Dignity. shattered shat u, IT., the , dig
tuition, and caused quite mystery for
several minutes.
When the first shrieks reverberated
through the corridor, the attaches
rushed to the south side of the build
ing to investigate, but found nothing.
Presently the shrill yells were repeat
ed on the other side Of the building
and the agitated court attendants hur-
ried there just in time to hear pierre
ing screams come again from the
south side.
Pell-mell went the frantic attaches
to the source Of the sound and solved
the mystery.
A half dozen barefooted boys, car
rying dripping bathing suits, were
about to emit another yell in chorus,
when the clerks, messengers and as.
sistant janitors arrived on the scene.
Jaw, gee. ives Jus maxim echoes"
explained the somewhat frightened
lad who seemed to be the leader of
"de gang," when he was "collared."
The boys were chased out Of the
building with the admonition not to
make any more echoes" within
couple of blocks of the court.
Astrology is branded as a supersti.
ton by the department Of agriculture
& =.