davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-27

tree and Pryor and Capitol ave-
nue. continuous. These two lines
are the basis on which to build
the numbering system. North of
Cain and south of Fair streets
there are few blocks that do not
lay parallel to these dividing
lines. Between Cain and Fair
the numbering system can be
made to fit the streets that run
at tangents.
On the North Side.
On the north side Simpson
street, Chestnut avenue and
East avenue, IL connected, would
make a continuous direct east
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-27

DOCK serials.
North and south thoroughfares
could be designated as streets"
and those going east and west
as avenues"
This system would make the
Hurt Building corner, at the In
tersection of Edgewood avenue
and Exchange Place, the central
point from which all street num-
bers would radiate. Following
the general lines herein laid
down the system could be
worked out to fit the whole city.
The dividing line running
north and south is marked by
the towering Hurt Building,
Gambler Building, Winecoff Hotel
and State Capitol. Towering
landmarks on the east and west
line are the Hurt Building,
Fourth National Bank Building
and the Terminal Station.
With such conspicuous mark,
ers to guide stranger, it should
not be difficult to find his way
by the block system Of numbers,
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-27

In like manner No. 1900 on
West Peachtree, Ashby or Boule-
ward would be at North avenue.
On the South Side, starting
from Edgewood avenue, East
Fair street would mark the loca-
ton of No 500 on Whitehall.
Pryor, Capitol or other streets
going South. Glenn and Cor
don streets would in like manner
mark the No. 1900 intersections. .
Ashby street on the West Side
runs through from north to
south. 1t would mark No. $500
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-27

and west street. With the num-
bering starting at Edgewood and
with 100-to-the-block, No. 500
West Peachtree street would be
at Simpson street. West of the
Terminal Station, with the num-
bering starting at West Hunter,
No. 500 Ashby street would be
at Simpson street. To the east,
starting again from Edgewood
avenue, No, 500 Boulevard would
be at East avenue, the logical
continuation OF Simpson street.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06
Monstrozss Steel Ct&pogos fyons
Which Armies Are Baked with
Bullet and She'll; Mines TKset ;.
Rise and Scatter Death Whole
safe; Self Sighting Guns That
Wipe Square Miles Cyea5s Of Life
By American Naval Officer Who Recently Inspected
the Liege FortificaGions

The armored cupolas lie very close to the
ground. showing seldom more than three or
tour feet above tho surface. and can hs
made to rcvoive by The mere turning of !
crank. The top of the cupola can be elc.
waited several feet by the action OF lever
and this is done when there Is little danger
from sma!l-arm fire. But when the enemy il
close the cupola top Is lowered and the gun
within Is trained by turning the cupola N the
same manner that ships turre, is swung
The shells fired from the rapid.fre guns IN
the cupolaa are invariably shrapnel whenever
the object aimed n II body OF troops Tho
shrapnel is the most deadly missile known 10
artillerists today for use against e1rooed
bodies OF men. These shrapnel shells gro
filed with many bullets. TO be accurate,
there are about $50 bullets in tho 295.inch
Shell. The walls of the she'll are thin. rrd
only small charge OF nowder Ia required
20 burst opcn-render apart, In other words
the walls Of the shell and thereby release
The bullets within
1t is the business OF the Cunrers to burst
the shrapnel in the air over and little shor.
of the advancing troops. This IL effected by
means Of mechanically arranged time fuse
The fuse Is In tho head OF the shcil II looks
very much like metal plug. Around ia baeo
is metal ring having a graduated scale In.
dicating seconds. This ring IS turned much
after the manner of the tiuc.anob In The
door OF safe, and the she'll can be adjusted
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

IN advance OF 1ring TO burst nj Tie required
number OF seconds CT fight
With the bursting in cir OF the ahrapnel
shell the small balls within continue forward
and downward. the whole lot rushing onward
in the form OF a shcaf The effect IL very
much the same as II 2so oharpshootels from
o position in tho ar not more than 100 yard,
distant suddenly opened nre On the exposed
heads of tho mon below
Shrapnei is used not only agciust troops
advancing in the open but also against troops
when Bhe'tcred behind trenches, for under
such circumstance troops can only be driven
from sheltered positions when they can ba
reached BY the overhead FIRE. Thus the Bel
CLAN shells can be timed 60 burst over and Kill
Germans lying concealed ia entrcnchments
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06
What Ii Costs TO Kill G

TT has been stated in certain
I American paper that IL costs
q about $4,000 to kin one man IN
modern warfare This figure seemed
to me exaggerated aud l determined
TO investigate. MY. researches have
proved that this pepcr was below,
rather than above. the real cost.
The cost OF killing one man In war
IS. broadly spenking. the total war
budget of one country divided by the
total number OF men killed and dis.
abled on the other side.
In l87olS71 France expended In
round figures 100000 600. She spent
also s2O0.000,000 moro for rebuilding
houses and forts, giving aid to the
victims of the war, and for other ex-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

German forces. In the rear Of the Belgian
forts are infantry entertainments. They must
not be too near the line OF the forts which
attract the enemy's fire. Here the infantry
with rifles that KIN at mile lie ready to
shoot down the attackers who escape the
!ongdistance artillery fire.
wall now explain the details OF tho ire.
mertdous engines of destruction used In this
conflict
The Belgian forts consist Of crucibo steel
cupolas. that can be raised and lowered and
heavier solid steel forts that revolve. They
are placed in strategic positions. where they
command tho Valley of tho Mouse and all
approaches from the German frontier. Some
are even located in the water. The cupolas
are made in Liege.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

stni, suburb of I.iegc. These guns are
form OF Mauser, and fire steel jachetcd bul.
let with great sending power :. Is estimated
that Belgian rifle in the hands of an expert
marksman can be counted on to do effective
work at 1900 yards range.
me ground mine. which played an impor.
'att part In the defense OF Liege, Is one of the
most destructive forms OF defense known to
military men to-day. 1t Is especially effective
"hen employed against troops en- masse.
iheSe ground mines, as used IN Europe, are
hastily constructed pits filed In with boul.
ders and fired by small high-explosiye charges
Oh guncotton. The pit 10 lined with railway
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

pcnsos properly included Ii the ex.
pense OF the war.
France also spent one billion
dollars for the Indemnity. and $500.
100000 more for interest on this sum,
cost of collecting it, loss In custom
duties, contributions imposed by the
enemy and the support OF the Ger.
man army OF occupation. But this
Third class OF expenses may not oc-
cur In all wars, SO II may hardly be
fairly included III the cost.
Here. folio ing the same order of
classification, are some figures OF
the expenses incurred In other wars:
Rnsso-rurkish war G8771S7S):
Turks, 100000: Russo-Japanese war
d9o5), Russians, $1,000, 100000.
On the other hand, the number OF
men killed or who died from their
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

rTTHE world-thrill;ng defense OF Iiege by
the Belgians against the Germans has
illustrated in m extraordinary man
ner the possibilities OF numbering men in
masses possessed by modern weapons of war.
The German theory OF war, far we
can Judge by the English and French reports
sent us. is that masses cf men must be hurled
forward In fixed line without regard TO tho
losses sustained. Military experts OF other
countries believe that modern defensive works
we'll defended can never be taken by frontal
attacks In masses, because the power OF rapid
fire artillery, rifles and explosives Is so great
that practically every inch of ground before
them is swept for miles. and only an ineignif-
cant fraction of IN attacking force can pos.
siby come through this fire alive Such was
the problem partially decided al Liege.
An ideal defensive position. such as that
of Liege, includes as its backbone series
OF steel forts OF cupola shape. whose guns
command the country in every direction for
ten miles. The cupolas are indestructiblc by
any field guns III use. The country doliin-
ated by the Belgian guns is covered with OBJ
jccts such as rocks, houses trcee, whose dis
lance Is measured to an inch. AS the German
forces reach these spots the Belgian gunners
con destroy them with mathematical accur.
acy Large areas OF ground over which the
grass is growing innocently are mined with
high explosives. WHICH can be fred by cleo
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

wounds we're respe1
FrencoGerman
$4,000: Russo-Turj
slams. 10000: Rus|
Japanese, $500.
Whence the rest
that for each mal|
was: In 1870-1S71,|
1878. $4,000; n ID
ures as high as or
given by the Amerld
] expected, when
calculation. to lfinl
progression In cod
1905.
While on the one
Of war have been|
price has risen in|
On the other hand|
art OF killing has 1
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

lieved TO be self-sighting device.
by which tho gun, after being
aimed a one spot. proceeds auto.
matically to cover surrounding
space of a quarter OF 4 mile with
shrapnel shells, so that no ex.
posed men can live within that
space.
The military rifles used by the
Belgian troops were made for the
most part in tho great email
arms plant known as the Fab
rique Rationale, located at lTcr-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

tTlC wires from the
Belgian forts. Thus
a whole German reg.
iment In q field may
be blown to atoms.
Nearer the forts are
large zones OF barbed
wire entanglements
hidden In bushes.
long grass, standing
wheat, etc. Troops
caught In there be-
come a helpless tar.
get for shrapnel.
When q party OF
attackers tries 10
hide In a depression
in tho ground the
cupola rises up like
Il destroying monster
and shoots down at
its victims.
Aeroplanes a n d
captive balloons sig.
nal to the Belglans
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

The Belgian field artillery is OF the same
cal'bre, practically rs the French and the
French possess today what is generally re.
garded rs the most efficient artillery in the
world. The French artillery plans are care
fully guarded, and although much il heard of
the French system. 1t can be set down that
whatever is said about the French cannon is
largely conjecture. 1t Is known, however.
mat Belgian artillery uses ammunition OF
practically the same characteristics as that
of the French service
The Belgian cannon OF all calibrcs have
long ranges The IL inch gun can throw a
shell 10 distance OF five miles, ana it is
estimated that from IS to % shots per min.
ute can be gotten with the gun when served
by an expert crew
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

sleepers. on
pean railw q
there is aid
the pits. I
placed so ad
all conyergI
sary to con-
and for thai
able to PLAID
der present
mines are c|
are fired byI
troops are d
fonuls of vi
these model
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

Undoubtedly the French field Guns possess
many remarkable secret features. One IS De.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-09-06

ARTE Mile
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
CHILD IS BURNED
TO Death WHEN
Parents ESCAPE
Father Carried Wife Out
From Sickbed-Tragedy
at Luverne, N. D.

Luverne, N. D.. Dec. 14.-Asa, the
6.year-old son of Mr.. and Mrs. Will
liam Baker, was burned to death yes
terday morning about 1880 o'clock, In
q fire which destroyed three frame
buildings His parents barely escaped
with their lives Three travelling men
in the lodging house escaped with
nothing worse than ssnged hair and
eyebrows. and the loss Of their grips.
Asleep With Parents:
MIR. and Mrs. Baker and the cnilo
lodging house over the barber shop IN
which the fire started. Mrs. Baker
who was sick in bed recovering from
an operation, was carried to eafety py
her husband, but the child asleep IN
the same room could not be reached
in time.
Several Buildings Burn.
A barber shop and lodging house.
George Folness. proprietor and Svend
Svenningson, owner Is total loss with
contents; and the restaurant of which
Ole Vvalvik was over and proprietor,
is total loss and no insurance on the
building which was valued at $1,000.
The fixtures were saved. From the
printing office. of which julius Peter
son was owner, the type, presses, etc,
were saved, and the furniture Of Mr..
Peterson who lived in the rear of the
shop. The building owned by Ole
Jacobson was a total loss. The res
taurant changed hands only Tuesday.
Mr.. William Baker being the former
owner.
Start in. Barber Shop.
The Are started from the water
heater in the barber shop. The bar
her had just lighted 1t. and gphe out
to thA kitchen stove. In a few MIN
utes. the HaH was ab1aze. With no
sfire protection in the town, and the
buildihgs, frame structures dry. as tin
DER the flames could not be checked.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14

1
!. TO HA|EI|: I GREATER
1RADE|| / Than EVER
Close of War Will Find the
Nation Firmly Entrench-
ed in Commerce.

Washington. Dsc. 1.-THE close of
the European war will see the United
States firmly established in possession
of share Of the worlds trade never
before gained hy American manufac-
turers. in the opinion Of DR.. c. w.
A. 'Vedits, commercial attache to the
embassy at Paris, who left here today
nine attaches already selected by Sec
retary Redfeldxaad his aeld OF opera--
srn s1 nnsepss = > ) % o ! Il!
.,BuIopas,in, 4, ,sSassi.s now At &s'war
hitherto have pral2ded 42.2 per cent
Of the worheake1l export trada," :" pr.
yedttS said 4 kefk6i His dsp4tttfe.
.Thsyi bAYs 6ld to Dehsr Attohh Sir
Much. of. this trade has been destt0SN
led. COMMERCIALLY speaking, Belgium
eign trade is1but a fraction of whatsit
used, to be- France Is ousy with other
things than commerce.. and even Enk-
land, despite her naval supremacy.
has had to readjust herself CONNER.
ciahy to- an entirely hew and restrict
ed situation. Russia has EXPRESSED In
no uncertain terms most friendly lats
,titude toward American importattons;
b II look for, a readjustment OF, COM
'merciAi. relations at, the close Of tho
war which shall put us inevitably in! q
position to do an increasing share Of
the worlds trade II we really want It.
To help get that trade Is the chief
function Of the commercial attaches" +"
There IL bound to be sentimental
boycott for many years on the part Of
the belligerent nations against the
goods of their enemies. Germans will
not buy English. French or Russian
goods II they can possibly help it,
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
Salaries ARE
SLASHED UNDER
FINANCES BILL
Appropriation Measure Re
ported to the House To-
day by Committee.
SHOWS INCREASE.
BECAUSE OF CENSUS
Special Emergency I'm Agricultural
Statistics Gathering Causes the
Raise, But Committee Says, ON the
Whole, it's Lower.
Special Emergency In Agricultural
Statistics Gathering Causes the

Washington. Dec. 14.-"Economy"
is the watchword of the appropriation
committee in preparation for the leg
islative, executive and judicial ap-
preparation bill. the first of the big
supply measures which was reported
to the house. The committee Topped
OFF nearly two million dollars from
the estimate submitted by the various
departments cutting salary allowances
all along the line.
The committee brought in meas
ure appropriating $3S,744.00O III
round numbers. The bill provides for
more than 10000 salaries of govern
ment employees.
The total Of the bill shows an in.
crease of $1,128,s43 over last years
measure. But this years measure
includes q special appropriation of
$2,286,10O and authorizes 1000 addi-
tional employees. for the taking Of ths
agricultural census authorized by the
law covering the last regular census
in 1910. :
The committee says this is an ex-
traordinary expenditure, which will
come once every ten years, and MAIN
tains therefore that this years meas
ure is materially less than the last ap.
propriation. ...
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
AERIAL CRAFT
GUNS OF j. S.
SUCCESSFUL
Report is Made of Opera
tions-Handling of Am
rnunition Dealt With.

Washington, Dec. .14.-Tests dem
onstratins the effectiveness of the
American navy's anti-aircraft gun
have been reported to the house naval
committee by Rear Admiral Strauss.
chief Of the bureau Of ordnance. This
weapon. used years ago for other pur-
poses. has been developed to bring
1T will be competent to deal with
aircraft" Admiral Strauss reported.
I'VE have tried it., against q kite at
three thousand feet altitude, a sum
cient altitude to determine that 1t is
valuable for the purpose. OF course,
that Is not the maximum altitude at
which an aircraft would operate, but
we are enabled to Judge from the sue
cess that we had at that range what
we would have at higher attitudes
The range of the gun in the air is
quite as large as'the gun they use in
England, but 1t is quite similar.
This is not our only anti-aircraft
gun. We have a 3-inch gun firing .
1S-pound proJectile that will be used
for the same purpose, but in a diff
ferent way. They are for vertical fire
from aboard small craft. We have
some reports showing. that shell ex-
plosions In the vicinity Of a flying ma.
Cnlne seriously 0lStOFD the maChtne0,
not enough to make them lose control
or upset but to give them quite q Jolt.
We have to hit the craft in = vital
part" '''' ''>''
A supplemental statement the. ad-.
miral was asked to supply, the COM
mittee shows that the navy manufac-
tured at Indian Head Proving ground,
Maryland, 8.352,38s pounds Of powder
at q cost Of 80 and . fraction cents
per pound" while 1t purchased 3,27e,-
$50 pounds at So cents q pound, dur
ing the fiscal years 1t also stated
that the navy can build 14-inch guns
at an estimated cost Of $4,000 each
compared with S164;00O paid for sim
liar guns rnanufacthrAd by contract, ::
Admiral Strauss urged the necessity
for increased storage facilities for am
munition supplies. explaining I plan
to concentrate the increase at Fort
Mifflin, near Philadelphia for the
east coast. and the Pugent Sound nav
al magazines. for the west coast. >
I'VE must look for increased activi.
ties out on the west coast" he said,
''as the result of the opening Of the
Panama canal and be prepared to
handle and store more ammunition
there than heretofore. Pugent Sound
was selected instead Of the naval sta
ton at Pearl Habor, because Puget
Sound Is on the mainland and within
railroad communication Of the sources
of supply" y.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
WILLIAM MUST
. / BE- OPERATED ON
Kaiser: Reported in Such
Condition That Opera
ton is Necessary.

! Geneva, Switzerland, Dec. IA
report reached Basel from Berlin this
morning that Emperor William will
be obliged to undergo an operation Of
the throat when he has sufficiently re-
covered from his present illness,
which Is not considered serious.
The doctors. however, consider it
inadvisable for His Ma 'esty to return
to the front for several weeks and he
probably will spend Christmas at
home. .-..-
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
NO FLOWERS At e. Il. Z.
:3SMITH'S FUNERAL

* Independence, Mo-. Dec. 1l:-with-
Sos sose or sss
re-prganized church. ,of Latter Day
Saints, who died Thnrsdays.wa buri-
cd here Sunday. n - - 5,I.. 4
In accordance with tho directions
given by the patriarch On, his Atai
bed. the services were simple. A,tfew
Of his favorite hymns were sung.
Rider Joseph Luff. at-lifelong' 9rtSnd,
preached the sermon. t;::,. ,.lff;2ee
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14

French Again Depict Success.
Paris. Dec. 1.-THE French official
communication issued this afternoon
reads:
There has been nothing Of interest
to report between the sea and the
Disc. In the region Of the Aisne, to
the north west sof Souptre, the enemy
bombarded violently our entrench-
ments. We replied and demolished
attacks from one side or. the other.
Our artillery destroyed an, important
field Of the enemy IN the-vicinity: Of
Allies. In the Argonne, at the forest
Of Lagrurie, we have made slight
progress by the use Of mines: There
were n attacks from. the enemy. On
the heights of the. Mense, there has
been violent cannonading. Batteries
Of the enemy would appear to have
In the Woevre' district, after having
occupied a line Of entertainments
along front of 500 yards in the for
est Of Mortmare, our troops repulsed
two violent counter attacks.
In Alsace our advance has brought
our front to a line that passes 425
yards to the north of Steinbach,
thence to Pont D. Aspach, and thence
to Pont de Brinighoefen, 1900 yards
to the west Of Eglingen.
''Servia-During the days Of Decem-
her 10, II. 12, the enemy continued to
retire along the entire front. The
Servian advance CARDS have progress
ed as far as Veliki and Bosniak, in the
direction Of Shabets, and as far as
Zavlaka in the direction Of Losnica.
During their retreat the Austrians
abandoned many trophies Of war
From the time the Servians resumed
the offensive up to December Ii in
elusive. the number of prisoners made
by the Serviane reached $4,000. The
machine guns"
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
FULL TRADING IN ss::
STOCK GUARANTEED

New York. Dec. & 14,--An open
market on all stocks %on the floorsEof
the New York stock exchange will fbe
created tomorrow. ..;s'... :. = 4
This action was decided this after
noon. 1t was voted to eliminate, be-
ginning tomorrow. the so-called' clear
ing house list and to place stocks
therin on the same base trading as the
1872 issues already approved.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
Washington Surprised.

Washington, Dec. 14.-The request
for the destroyers came as a surprise
to officials. as they had received no
intimation that neutrality was being
violated in the vicinity Of the canal.
Secretary Daniels Of the navy depart
ment prepared to order destroyers
from Charleston or from the west
coast Of Mexico. according as Colonel
Goethals might indicate. Administra-
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
SHIPS ARE WELL sUPPLIED.

Washington, Dec. 14.-Secretary
Daniels Of the house naval committee.
says that while all battleships in re-
serve are not supplied with shells.
every dreadnought and every other
battelship in the active line Sc ecn'p-
ped but lacked adequate reserve sup
ply.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT MADE Of
: NAVAL DISASTER TO PORTE; SHIP IS
. SENT UNDER BY ENGLISH TORPEDO
Prominent German Says His Country is Prepared for
Years of Fightng-Dresden Reported in South
American Harbor Unnjured from Fighting.

Revec for Turkey the hands hands
The
beyond the Euplrates suffering
Of
Geship Messudch, me1.
sweeping
BELIEVES WAR WILL BE LONG DRAWN OUT
attributed Field Marshal
He
Tor years. hpt Is certain to trmuph eventually.
DIVES UNDER MINES TO TORPEDO SHIP
London 1.-THE
British submarine the official lows:
yesterday submarine Bill in
IN spite Of of the difficult current DIV ed under
mine fields Although pursued by
sinking by
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-12-14
THE WEATHER,

North Dakota: Unsettled to-
night and Tuesday. Probably
light snow. Warmer in east and
central portions. =