davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

- ISTORY has not recorded the
~ name of the man who first
spread an improvised sail from
a mast, to relieve him from
padding his own canoe"
1t Is more than likely that the first
sails ever used were shaped much like
the one shown in Fig. 1. A shape like
this is cut on the stones where boats
of the ancients are represented. Tho
old Chinese Junk had, and still re-
tains, sails of this square type, with a
boom along the lower edge of the sail.
In various ancient sail-boats of the
Nile, and seas of the Mediterranean. a
long triangular sail was used. which
was spread from a rather short mast
on an angular-crossing pole, or
yard" This is the olden type usually
shown in books where early sail-boats
are represented.
The square" sail, shown In Fig. 1,
We know to be the most primitive
form used on the boats of the Eskimo.
All early sails seem to have been quite
small in comparison with those of
more modern times. One reason, of
course, was because their boats were
smaller, and another reason was that
1t takes an especially formed and con-
structed boat to carry a large sail with
safety.
Our old sailing vessels which we see
little of in these days, were rugged
with square sails on their three masts.
These were turned at favorable angles
for the wind by the use of many ropes,
called Sheets" which were attached
to the yard arms" from which these
sails were spread, and to which they
were "furled" when not in use. These
sails are still used on whaling vessels,
but steam Is also sometimes used in a
few of them as a time saver,
These square sails are most effective
when the wind is directly from the
rear, or "astern," and are not as prac-
ticable or handy as some others which
are here illustrated. The management
of full-rigged ship with square sails
required large crew to handle them.
SO this formed another objection to
their use.
The '1eg-o'-mutton" sail, shown In
Fig. 2. is probably the next step in
the evolution of sails from the square
sail. This has been used mostly on
small boats on bays and lakes. 1t is
quickly furled, and swings readily
from side to side as the boat changes
its position in the wind. In Fig. 3 we
have sail nearly square in form, but
spread from the mast on one side, so
that Sailing on the wind" or nearly
against It, may be done, which would
be impossible with the square sail of
Fig. 1. This Gig. 81 is called the
spirit" sail. and is only used on small
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

I'se-Ise-' Uncle Will began and
then, amazed, could say no more.
Little boy asked Mamma, with
never smile, have you seen anything
of our little Willie. It's time for din
ner--and he seems to be lost
I'se-I'se-Mamma, Use your
your little Willie!'
You our little Willie?' exclaimed
Papa. oh. no you're not! Why, our
little Willie has curls - and you
haven't
Indeed, no, Mamma agreed. You
couldn't possibly be our little Willie
indeed MOI
Well, said Papa, guess we'd
better not wait for him. There's a
nice dinner on the table-but OF
course If Willie won't come home to II
why-why-why then he'll have to
do without. Oh. little boy, as you
walk down the street would you mind
watching to see If you run across
Willie-and If so tell him to come
right away. for his dinner is waiting
and we have fried chicken, with Ice
cream for dessert?'
But that was too much for your
Uncle viii. He had been struggling
all the while to gather his scattered
wits and make them understand that
he was indeed their son. At men,
ton of the chicken and the ice cream,
he just threw himself on the grass,
kicked up his heels-and yelled!
"Of course Papa and Mamma at
last took him into the house and ad-
mitted that he was their own little
Willie. But the lesson was a good one
and you may be quite certain that
when Uncle VIII thought he was GO
ing to miss the ice cream and the
fried chicken he wished that he had
not had his curls cut off"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

boats. 1t is a favorite with fishermen
for their small boats, and you see it
about double the size of the one
shown in Fig. and offers large
surface to the wind at its top, whereas
the power of the leg-o'-mutton de-
creases as it leaves the BOOM" or
lower pole to which the sail is bound.
The spirit sail is furled by pushing the
oblique pole, called the spirit" up
against the mast, and wrapping the
sail-cloth about them both. This man
ner of furling would be impractical
for large boat and then, too, the
sail is not strongly spread for the
winds by any "gaff" at its top, or
boom" along it's lower edge, as in
the "fore-an' aft" sail shown in Fig. 4.
The fore-an'-aft sail is used on most
sailing vessels of the present day,
from the small cat-boats carrying one
mast, to the great five or seven-masted
schooners, which bring our ice from
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21


Ing little pOro rot .'. hair for for
n = II hot afternoon Dorothy had
played In the shady backyard and
about the house with her hair caught
up In a knot on the top of her head
and held there by the cutest little
hairpins you ever saw. Then, when
evening and dinner-time came. of
course it had to be let down again
and made smooth and pretty for
Papa's Homecoming.
Mamma" asked the little girl as
sine stood before her mothers knee,
cool and sweet and comfortable In her
little nightie, when will 1 be big
enough to do my hair up?"
why, Dorothy" answered Mamma,
you had it up OH your head only this
afternoon"
yes, know, Mamma but that was
because my neck gets so perspiry
when it's down In this hot weather.
1 mean when can I wear it up all the
time-like real ladies do?"
Goodness mel" exclaimed Mamma.
What Is the world coming tol The
idea of little girl your age want
Ing to-but that reminds me. Once,
when your Uncle Will was a very lit
tie boy, he wasn't satisfied with his
hair, so he-but I'll tell you the story
as soon as you get under the covers"
And this is the story Mamma told:
Uncle VIII was Just the cutest lit
tie boy 1 ever saw, Dorothy. His
checks were round and red and his
hair was like spun gold. with curls
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
@ X@y2EEDy-zIHE ALEcS @
1W<0RzzEZZ OXZsyF5fN
A STRANGER.

you just bet we will! Come on, it'll
be more fun than a barrel of mon
kies!'
So, one on each side of him, they
led your Uncle VIII to the barbershop;
and when the barber asked If they
were certain the curls were to be cut
off. Johnny calmly replied that he was
Uncle Wills older brother and that
his Mamma had sent him to tell the
barber to cut them real short.
"Of course, we at home knew moth
Ing about all this, for we thought
Uncle VIII was playing as usual out
on the front lawn. Dinner time came
and Papa went to the front door to
call him. but no Uncle Will was in
sight. Mamma looked for him and
so did but with the same result.
I'VE were all out on the front lawn,
looking up and down the street, and
just beginning to be really alarmed,
when the gate opened and in walked a
little boy, dressed in a blouse and
Knockers like Uncle Will wore-but his
hair was bobbed off short! AS he
neared us, we saw that 1t was indeed
your Uncle Will.
Mamma gasped and Papa started
to ask him where he had been when,
evidently, he changed his mind.
LET me handle him! he said to
Mamma in low tone.
Here 1 Is, here I u.s. said Uncle
Will cheerfully. 'And-and Use a real
boy, now!'
Papa regarded him sternly, and SO
did Mamma.
Who did you say you are?' asked
Papa,
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

HAT LITTLE Edith did not like her
new babv sister could scarcely
he counted against her It
~ cd 70 he sinonIv ono ~ those
ca-e,in which an older child takes an
imme ssaee and violent dislike to the
IN, edle of tinv mink b,,manitv that
evarvora snealxs IF in u,hisners and
considars of vastly mora imnortance
than all the rest of the household nut
together
Mavba little Edith felt that vav
,ho,t - A. oil vents Che ,,new mat
from, then on She would have n ..nIav
second sddIan - tb;s ,uonderfnI ,eIv
snoi1ad hahv s,star cha didn't ,il,e her
and sbe had no hesitation In stating
tbat foot o,,ita frankly
..Duh Eai+h,u avoIo;xa p.
sao,,,ad - 49, ~ for
r,a,,.oa 49, - 80 o,,Ia hoIo Il,ina
e., -, arr;,,o1 .syvh,, mani Ion,
,,,n.;,oa tho,,aht ,,o,, ,,,o,,,d irst
49, ,;+.to 49,, - 18th Thi,,x
Now ,,ica ~ nil, he to NAV with ber-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

mated. There are now SIS of these
"herbergen," or places of shelter" in
the two countries
10 enjoy the privilege of these
houses the travelling student must be
member of the Schueler Herbergen,
which was founded and Is run to en-
courage boys and girls, who are either
nigh school or university students, six
teen years of age, or over, to go out on
walking tours and see as much OF
their country as is possible. A men,
Der of the club pays two marks (about
fifty cents in our money! for his MEM
bership card which entities him to
make use of the "herbergen" twenty
times, and when one card has expired
he may purchase another.
At each "herberge" the student on
a tramp" simply presents his card Of
membership and is furnished with
nights lodging and breakfast in the
morning, without further payment.
So, you see, on each card he receives
nights lodging and breakfast the next
morning at the very low cost of two
and one-half cents - since twenty
times two and one-half cents "makes''
fifty cents. the price of his card.
Just imagine what larks these stu
dents must have when they set out on
a tramp" over some picturesque part
of the country. Each walker carries a
knapsack In which is packed his
change of clothes and an aluminium
cooker on which he prepares his way
side meals. All day long in the open
air and then, when night comes. a
comfortable. clean bed in "herberge"
which is generally private home, or
a small building designed for this pur-
pose. or a school-house temporarily
equipped for his reception.
And these wander clubs are pop
ular. too. as = few figures will show.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

the Kennebec River to the landing
wharves of Washington, d. c., and
points farther to our Southland.
Many If not most, ocean steamers
carry two masts, with the fore-an'- aft
or lego mutton sails for the pur-
pose of steadying them in a gale, or to
rely upon in case of any breaking of
their propelling machinery. A sail
boat is really more steady than any
other kind of craft when the wind
and waves are high. as there is moth
ing like a brace against the wind on
other boats. If one is susceptible to
seasickness, it will be far more easy
to develop that uncomfortable sensa
ton in a small gasoline, or steam
boat, in choppy water than in sail
boat which is steadied by the wind.
Sailing Is most fascinating sport
but very dangerous for one who does
not know how to either sail a boat
or-SWIM!
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
CfOsfeP,

that fell to way below his shoulder.
His little fat lags were white and clean
below his baggy knickerbockers; and
his blouse, with its wide Lord Fauntle-
roy collar, was always spick and span.
Indeed. he was sometimes mistaken
for a little girl instead of boy.
Mistaken Did / say mistaken?
Well. that is not quite exact. Some
times ladies or old gentlemen would
stop us on the street, when we were
out walking with Nurse, and mistake
him for a little girl. But there are some
people who never made that mistake
and they were a number of the hor-
p rid, bad boys in the neighborhood.
They knew he was a boy, but they
would pretend to think him little
girl, because they knew how 1t enraged
him.
"'Oh, look at this pretty little girl!
one of them, in passing, would say to
his companions.
"'And hasn't she pretty curlsl' one
would retort.
Use not a dirl; Use a boy!' Uncle
Will would cry out, stamping his tiny
'Humph!' perhaps one of the
urchins would answer. Who ever saw
boy with curls? You must be
girl-boy, then'
"Oh, how your Uncle VIII did hate
that word-'Girl-boy And the boys
in the neighborhood-as soon as they
discovered that fact-seemed to take
especial delight in calling him Girl
boy. Girl-boy!' whenever they saw
him.
"One day, it seems, Uncle Will had
been made particularly angry by the
teasing of a boy named Johnny Will
son. Johnny had clutched the curls
rudely and scornfully between his
grimy fingers and yanked them very
hard, remarking at the same time
4 that real men wore their hair short
and all boys of his age had their hair
clipped off.
"'You won't be a boy, KID he
jeered, until you go to the BARRIERS
and let him cut off those curls-now
you're nothing but Girl-boyl'
Uncle Will began to cry; but just
then Gus Steinmet called to Johnny to
come over on the vacant lot across the
street and toss a baseball with him.
So Uncle Will dried his tears and sat
down on the front steps to brood over
the sad, sad condition of things.
presently he scrambled to his feet,
in determined fashion, and toddled
on across the street where Johnny
and Gus were tossing ball. At first
they would pay no attention to him;
but he persisted and finally Johnny
stopped long enough to hear a few
words. Then, suddenly, with a wild
whoop of delight he Strengthened up
and called to Gus to come and listen.
Hey, Gus said Johnny, you see
1t, don't you-he's tired of being a
Girl-boy and wants to be a regular
boy? And he wants us to show him
where he can get his curls cut off.
VIII We take him to the barber's-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

In the year 1912. during vacation
time, over eleven thousand students
enjoyed over sixty-nine thousand ac-
commodations in the various "herber-
gen."
A remarkable thing is the fact that
the plan is more than self-supporting.
Not only were all expenses paid In
1912. but there was also . surplus
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
| Our Puzzle Corner .
BEHEADINGS.

1. Behead to invade suddenly and
get to help.
2. Behead the manner of using or
treating a thing or person and get a
wise man.
{. Behead to wander and get some
thing used in a sick ROOM
A. Behead a granular rock material
and get conjunction.
5. Behead existing in fancy and get
a business transaction.
6. Behead to keep away from and
get vacant and useless.
Beheaded letters spell the name of
European country.
BIRD PUZZLE.
The following are words of three
letters each. If written one below
another, their central letters will spell
the name of a bird.
1. An animal.
2. An open fabric used to catch fish,
birds, etc.
8. Not we'll.
4. To fasten. as cord.
5. A frozen substance.
6. The name of a male person.
Z. A public house.
ANSWERS:
BEHEADINGS: = 1. Rdid-did. ..
Usdge-sdge. 8. Strdy-trdy. 4. Sand
and. 5. IdedIdedl 6. Av0id-roid.
RUSSIA.
BIRD PUZZLE:-Pelicdn. ape
net
i'll
tie
ice
man
inn
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

bergen" and, with branches in various
parts of the empire. provide sleeping
accommodations and breakfast for
members making excursions during
vacation time. They are also very
popular in Austria where they origi-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

r r Kitty cried because she had all day,
I'M So.of o get another kitten, right away;
II They growled gowled gowed
e. faces,
And and jumped sprang queerest places
| said, Oh my the very, very small
The big will hurt him and that will not do all;
The so and light the old fat and chunky
But the old one hadn't any 6gh-he punky.
That when put the supper down upon the floor at night
thought there be of high old rough and tumble fight
But instead. the little kitty walked straight 10 and ated-
And the big back waited
And that's the with boys-he small look weak.
hat when would heyd speak
But just watch great big fight where lots of dust is
And you will find the big by the little beaten
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

which was divided pro rata among the
various "herbergen."
The total receipts then were S9,595
while the expenditures amounted to
but s2,49S, thus leaving a surplus of
$7,097, out of which 1894 was placed
aside for the next year and the re-
mainder divided among the "herber-
gen."
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
Taking No Chances

admitted the Ethiopian with the gun
ny-sack.
Den dess come wight in, Mister
Wag-man. 90 tan take my little sis.
ter away wight now"
And Papa-nearly tainted!
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
''Wander Clubs" for Students

I'D you ever hear of wander
club?" If not, it shouldn't take
you long to guess what kind of
~ a club 1t Is, for it means exactly
what its name implies, that is, club
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21
Something About Sails.

Sails of Earlier Days. Types of Mod
ern Sails, Including the Square,"
LEG Mutton" esprit" and "Fore-
an'-Aft" Sails"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

composed of members who wander
about from one place to another.
In Germany-where they flourish
In remarkable fashion they are
called "Studenten und Schueler Her.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

- HAT little Edith did not like her
new baby sister could scarcely
be counted against her. 1t
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-06-21

. ISTORY has not recorded the
name of the man who first
spread an improvised sail from
a mast, to relieve him frcm
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
GERMANS DRIVEN BACK.

Desperate Fighting Marks Advance of
Aliics-Prcparations for Siege Dis.
continued.
Paris, Sept. 10.-At 3 o'clock this
afternoon the German retreat con-
tinues. In Alsace and Lorraine the
Germans were driven back 80 miles
toward the Rhine. The allies ad-
vance now on the fifth day is pro-
ceeding and desperate fighting is
marking every mile. The German
line Of communication to the cast has
been cut off.
Although the siege of Paris now
seems remote, One-third of the prepa- :
rations have been left off. All Of the
great stores are closed. Most of the
hotels are being used as hospitals.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
CLEMSON COLLEGE OPENS.

Cl 'mson College Sept. 9.-Thc reg
ular exercises Of Clemson college be-
gan auspiciously this morning witt
chapel exercises conducted by tho
Rev. Il. V. McCaul. President Riggs
made short opening address-not 80
much Il welcome, he said, since all
who are here this week are old stu
dents who know that they are well
come.
Several changes in the faculty were
announced. DR.. NJ. r. Powers has
resigned rs the head Of the veterinary
division and State veterinarian to en-
Ter private practice in Connecticut.
Dr. Il. o. Feelcy is acting in his stead
and DR.. Simpson has been added to
the division. DR.. Simpson was for
mcrly with the veterinary division but
mas been in California recently.
w. ID. Blair OF Massachusetts, a
graduate of Bedford Textile school.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Prof. Conan.

succeeds Prof. Conan.
David {. Lang of New York, 2 grad
uatc Of the University Of Pennsylva
MIA, has been appointed instructor in
architecture.
j.. {. Han Of Canada has been put
IN charge of a newly established di-
vision of poultry raising.
President Riggs referred feelingly to
the deaths of Roy Jeter and G.. w.
Buschc, which occurred during the
vacation, and paid tributes to them
as fine specimens of young South
Carolina manhood.
Ninety per cent Of the old students
have returned TO college.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12

Washington Sept. 9.-The Caro-
lima, Atlantic and Western Railroad
was today authorized Ivy the interstate
commerce commission to establish
freight rates from New York, Louis
Vile. Cincinnati and New Orleans to
Charleston, the same as rates from
the same points to Charleston via the
Southern and Atlantic Coast Line,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Austria Will Sue for Peace.

PCtrOgrad, Sept 10-It is believed
in diplomatic circles that Austria will
sue for peace within fortnight as
the only means Of avoiding the com
plete break up of the empire. Inter
national trouble is multiplying and
the Onswcep of the Russians is ire
sistible. Austria is disgruntlcd be-
cause of Germany's failure to send
more troops into Galacia.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Peace News Soon.

New Iork, Sept. 10.-"Whilc | can
not state that peace is certain, i'm
portant news from Washington may
lie looked for shortly" declared a
prominent former member of the
American diplomatic corps. For OBJ
viOus reasons his name was not re.
realcd. Jacob Schiff is now in Wash
inutOn
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Trying to End War

Berlin, Via Amsterdam. Sent To-
financicrS who control the money
marts of the world are attcmptiny to
bring about IL speedy end 20 the E,u-
r"pcah war. Thcy are cXcrtinS pres
sure in all capitals. Semi official re-
ports are current that Germany is will
ling to listen to Proposals of media
ton, provided her opponents a2rcc.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Trouble Feared i'm Holland

The Hague, Sept. 1O.-Gernan Op-
eratlons III northern Belgium are
causing increasing anxiety in Holland.
Queen Whilamina has proclaimed all
frontier towns and villages in Il state
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
GERMANS LEAVING FRANCE.
Reported That TcutOns Have Evacu.
atcd Northern Portion Except for
Small Detachment,

Paris, Sept. 1O.--It was officially an
nounced today that all northern
france has been evacuated by the
Germans with the exception of Il small
party Of Uhlans, who cndeavor to
guard all communications. The traf-
Tic has been partially resumed in the
north and the general situation is
much improved.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Lost Onc.FOurth of Army

Rome, Sept. 10.-A messa2, from
vienna says the Archduke Frederick
lost one hundred and twenty thou
sand men in the recent Galician bat
Ties. This was one e-fourth of his en-
tire command.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
To Dedicate Church.

The dediCatOry services of the Clar-
cndOn Baptist church will take place
ON next Sunday at AlcOlu, Scptcm-
Der 18th. Printed programs will DC
distributed by the ushcrs.-Aannnn
Times.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Invading Germans Rcpulscd.

bordeaux, Sept. 10.-Aftcr success.
fully invading Alsacc, the French hay,
driven the Germans back toward the
Rhine and have occupied the hills as
far as Bollweiler and Thanh. TIE al
les arc assuming the aggressive.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
KcinfOrcCmCntS for Germany Arm,

Ostend, Sept. 1O.-A German army
with reinfOrccmcnts of 10000 troops
Is being rushed to support the right
wing Of the army in France, which
has been pushed back twenty-five
miles by the allies. The army con-
tinucd it's retreat today, although
fighting desperately.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12

MISS Maggie Craig of New Brook
land and Mr.. Allan Ridgeway of Will
sons Mill were married in the office
OF the clerk of court Monday after
noon by the clerk of court Immediate
ly after securing a license.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
To Enlarge English Army.

London, Sept. 10.-Prcmier Asuuith
today asked parliament to increase the
size OF the regular army by author
lZinS the addition of 100000 men. He
declared that all British resources
would be used to carry the war with
Germany to a successful termination
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-12
Many Towns Bcsicgcd.

Paris, Sept. lot was announced
To-Day that state of siege has been
proclaimed at NantOs, Ancenis, La
roch, Sur -Yon, FOntcnay and Vanncs.