The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1914-08-04
.-srpTA,s STRUGGLE CLASHEB
WITH THE SERBS LONG
FIGHT TO BE FREE.

No demand for repdrdIlOn LOT the
dor of the Archduke Francis
--ondinand and his wife, the Duchess
= Lohenberg, the ultimate causes
the movement of the Hapsburg
T,rnnire toward the south and the
s,snorate efforts of the entire Serb
100 n regain complete national ex-
..4orca saws the New York Times in
~ interesting review of the situation
in the East
Ever since the repulse of the Turk
;,b army from Vienna in 1888 the
Arstrans have steadily fought their
NOV southward, expecting ultimately
N make their way to the Aegean
.ror the ruins of theTurkish Empire.
Austria. like Russia, was not unW1ll-
mo n see small buffer states set up
- occupv the middle ground during
+ba intervals of rest in her forward
r,ovomnnt. and so most of the Bal
Ian states of today came into being.
Of the Servian race, which in the
thirteenth and fourteenth centuries
ruled a vast empire, extending over
Tho western half of the Balkan PENN
sr1a and the eastern coast of the
Adriatic. practically all had come un-
dor Turkish domination in the six
+oAnth century. The Serbs of the
s hinterland of Istaria and Dalmatla
4 were soon taken from Turkey by
Austria, and Montenegro won its in
deDendence. This left the Serbs of
Bosnia. the Herzegovina and Servia
Droper. as we'll as of the Sanjank of
u Now Bazaar and Northern Macedonia,
n still under Turkish rule.
The Serbs of the present kingdom
became autonomous in 1880, but re-
VOTED in 1876-78, aiming at COM
Il Dlete freedom. With them joined
q their kinsmen of Bosnia and Herze-
govina. The Russo-Turkish war
which followed made great changes
in the Balkans. Servia proper OBJ
tanned complete independence, but
Bosnia and Herzegovina we're left
Il nominal Turkish dependencies, but
really to be occupied by Austrian
& troops.
Austria's Seizure of Bosnia.
The consequence of this was a
fOur-year Instruction against the
Austrians, the effects of which have
never disappeared. The Austrians
u have spent large amounts of money
on the country, but never allowed it
n authority; and in 19O8-09, using as
an excuse the constitutional revolu-
ton in Turkey, which would require
delegates to the Turkish parliament
to come from those two states, which
4 are actually in Austrian hands, the
Hapsburg monarchy formally annex
ed Bosnia and the Herzegovina. Ger
q many backed up her ally, and the
protests of the SIav powers did not
81 go to the extent of war. Meanwhile
the Slavs of Dalmatia arc under Hun
garian rule; and here, as in Bosnia
and the Herzegovina, promises of To-
& cal self-government have never come
az TO anything more than words. Thus
the northern half of the Servian race
IS still under the Austrian empire.
a Meanwhile the southern half was
& nnally united by the victories over
Turkey in the war of 1912. Not only
aid this reconquest by the Servians
Oh the core of their old empire, in
81 western Macedonia, give a tremen-
oous impulse to the longing for COM
plete national unity; it showed the
0efylan nation that its military or
sanlzatiOn could not be relied on for
81 hard work.
In the fall of 1912 the Servians
modified 100000 men in the first
luree weeks, and later added 145 900
more TO the number; and while their
ioSSeS IN this war and in the struggle
WIN Bulgaria in the summer of 1913
Z we're heavy the Servian troops fought
Y eeriIlantly and proved themselves eff
Nclent and enduring.
robbed of Fruits of Victory.
III But the fruits of this war were in
ggspaft taken from them by Austria,
IsSS nose diplomatic activity was respon-
Stp!e for the ruling of the powers,
"ulch compelled the Servians to give
~ part of their conquests in Alba
Ia Ihus Servia lost her chance to
seaport and remains a land
SCAeu power, her only outlet being
hIou8h the friendly Greek ports on
Inc Aegean.
nut the Servina victories in Mace
lonia and the Greek capture of Sa-
Un ii put an unexpected obstacle
- me way of Austria's march to the
Jun No more could the Dual Mon
nope to inherit Salonika and
ne land between that port and the
aUnCler of Bosnia on the final down
al OF Turkey; Servia was now
4oare!y across her path.
90 the Balkan wars left the Serv-
aus confident in their military abil-
", elated by victory, determined on
pete national unity, and angered
Austria's continued hold on the
~ rT~k