Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-10-18


and art he loved so WELL
For forty years Metternfch had borne
the chief burdens of state for Austria.
for forty years his word was the law
of Germany, and for as many years all
the cabinets of continental Europe
were guided more or less by his ad-
vice.
Absolutism was his belief, liberalism
his bette noir His denunciation of lib
erals and reformerS at all times showed
the most intense hatred. After the fall
of Napoleon there was prospect OF
the Introduction of constitutional gov
eminent throughout great part OF
Europe. King Frederic William slim
ulated the efforts of the PrussIan peo-
pie against France by the hopes OF
liberty, and had definitely promised
them a constitution and a general as
sembly. The car had determined to
introduce parliamentary life into the
kingdom of Poland, and even hoped to
extend it after time to Russia.
The federal act drawn up for Ger
many at the congress of Vienna de-
clared that a constitution should be es-
tablished. Metternich became alarmed
and threw all the powers of his Won
derful diplomacy toward s autocratic
tagonism between the people and
rulers, which eliminated in the revolu-
ton of 1913 and his exile from Austria.
BY the irony of fate it was ordained
that the great minister and the dan
seuse should meet once again at Rot
terdam, each an exile from the scenes
of their brilliant achievements. and
both on their way to England, ne to
return later to his own country ana
she to come to America, where she be-
came religious recluse and died In
1861, and was buried in Greenwood
cemetery. New York.
Switzerland is still the cradle OF lib
erty that its sons fought SO stubbornly
for from the early centuries, and who
in the early ages formed the pulk OF
the fighting armies of Europe. deIend-
eis of monarchies and thrones. From
147O to 1860 hardly a battle was fought
in Europe without Swiss soldiers on
one side or the other. When proposal
was made during the Boxer trouble in
China that a Swiss guard be recrulted
Tor service there it was overlooked
that the present constitution of. Swift
zerland forbids the enlistment of Swiss
citizens for foreign service.
While it is true that the Swiss con-
stitution forbids the maintenance of a
standing army. there is, nevertheless. a
large federal army. Considering the
population of Switzerland. it's army
is larger than the United States regu-
lar army and militia combined The
Swiss army in 1911 was 1857. not in
Guiding the auxiliary or non-combatant
troops, and the last reserve of men be-
tween the ages of forty-one and forty-
eight. The United States army and mi.
ltia in 1912 was 1906, including all
non-combatant troops and the coast ar
tfllery. In the United States there Is
no reserve.
The Swiss federal army is called mill
TIA because the recruits are mustered
IN and the expenses partly paid by the
cantons. The federal government how
ever, bears the greater part of the ex-
pense, has entire charge of the train
canton to suppress disorder. Because
the periods of active service are so
snort that the training Is not contln-
uous. 1t escapes being classed as
standing army. Considering it's size
ana efficiency, the cost of the SWISS
army Is absurdly small.
nile 1t is true that Switzerland does
not wish to be drawn into this seeth-
ing. bloody maelstrom of modern war
Iare, her preparedness for whatever
might happen was begun at the first
rumor Of war, and she has continued
NJ TO protect her country and her peo-
PIE. AS early as July 81 the entire
aIhy was notified to hold itself IN
readiness to march to the frontier ana
guard the most important means OF
Communication with the outside; In
otsec words. to see that neutrality was
respected. Householders laid in sup
pies, wholesale houses were requisl-