davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
No. l-rHE PLACE OF WOMEN POULTRY INDUSTRY

direct retail business as much as pos
sible. Persons of even average means
now buy eggs that are strictly fresh
in preference to the cheaper storage
varieties. The market for the very
best quality of fresh eggs is almost
unlimited and if the poultrywoman
Will sell nothing but goods of su-
perior quality she is sure TO find a
steadily inoreasiag market for her
product
In rearing baby chicks women
usually excel The little helpless
things require untiring care as to
their comfort, food and cleanliness,
and their very helplessness seems to
appeal to a woman one woman who
is unusually successful in rearing
brooder chicks said, when asked to
talk about her methods
Essentials In Rearing Chickens.
THE first essential in rearing
chickens is plenty of warmth. On
the other hand, too much heat must
nor be supplied, lest the chicks be-
come like dollhouse plants. In con-
nection with this point of heat a few
hints cleaned from my own expe-
rience may be of value to some one
situated as / was. The first year
that I Matched chickens with an in
cubator ! was not fortunate to have
breeder houses equipped with up-to-
date machinery as l now have. So
had to improvise ways and means
of my own. That year l had five
hundred chickens to come out the
first of February, when the Their
nlometer was several degrees below
the freezing point | had one brooder,
and what could not be put in it were
put in boxes | had a vacant room
upstairs. 1t was so arranged that
I could put in a stove, which ] did.
During the day the chicks were
turned out on the floor of the room,
a fire being started in the stove. In
this room my experience taught me
that the proper heat for the chicks
is of the greatest Importance. We
must have a uniform heat and there
should not be variation of three
degrees. Below this room in which
installed the newly-hatched chicks
was the living room, and the floor
above was warm. The chicks never
were uncomfortable. they never hud-
died together. they had plenty Of
fresh air. they were allowed to
scratch in litter for grains of food,
anG, therefore, they had plenty of eX-
ercise, which is another essential
that must not be neglected under any
circumstances
Il have seen very few people raise
brooder chickens successfully where
they had the brooder out in all kinds
of weather. The chickens need some
other protection. OF course one can
raise a few in this way, but out of
doors there is too great a variation
in the temperature, and unless some
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

thorough sDrag application made at
the right ume SO reduced the number
Of insects that injury TO the crop ane
iae vines Yer The remainder Of mel
season by those escaping the sprs II
was very s iehf
Tbs leaf-hoppcr's record Tor de4z
stfuetioF has been great and ii had
occupied ~ Increasingly prominent
p!ace4 IN ha reeues' gallery q craps :
peAta5 sin E vas first noticed, =
ls25. sins. 81aa time 1T has causedz
damage f.ea Euts. New Jersey
Illinois. Michigan. California. Ohioe
New Mexico. Colorado. North Caro-
lima and Minnesota. Destructive To-
cal outbreaks adz also occurred u
other states
The grape leaf-hopper Injuries Il
fire by attacking the foliage. 1t is
sucking insect and Injuries tne pial
by extracting is juices from the uf
derside Of the leaf The result Of
punctures and Of the removal Of "a
juices is FIRST made evident by yell M
and white patches on The upper
face of the leaf. which lag ED
brown. Finally. Inc ieaf :
the vine prems turely. As 4
mate result. ne size o. the gT s
is generally reduced and the
rendered inferior By a reduct
IFS content O. sugar. During
dry seasons the fruit on heaRil
tested vines is badly spotted by
insects
The adult insect Is bout one eigh
of an inch long 1T Is OF pale yel%
lowish color. The eggs are some-s
times deposited singly over the sur
faces OF the leaf near the ribs and
veins. but usually in the spaces be-
tween them. Investigators Of The d.
partment have noticed that the adults
reed during the spring on the follow
ing trees and plants:
Beech. maple. Wild cherry. wild
apple. hawthorn. dogWood. wild plum.
hornbeam. blackberry, honeysuckie,
wild grape Virginia creeper, rasp-'
berry. thimbleberry. blackberry
strawberry. goldenrod, nettles, wild
oolum Dine, a great variety of weeds
end grasses.
Observations. however have not
shown that the insect reproduces on
the foliage Of any other growing
thing besides the grape. The summer
of 1911 was unusually hot and the re-
suit was that the insects were more
numerous and more widespread than
ever before In 1912, although the
summer was cool the injury wrought
was fully as great as that in the pre-
vious year The injury sustained by
the vineyard industry in the East and
the West amounted to an enormous
sum.
The Grape Leaf Hopper in the
Lake Erie Valley is the title of a
bulletin which the United States de-
psrtment Of agriculture has issued
describing this insect and the meth
DDS for its control.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
SOUR SKIM MILK FOR CALVES
Is FOUND TO BE BENEFICIAL

conditions it may become contaml-
mated with producing bac-
terra. Farmers should therefore al
low the milk to sour quickly and thea
feed it without delay.
In the course Of these experiments
sour skim milk was fed TO twenty
TWO calves. Hoisteins, Jerseys and
Guernseys, at different seasons of the
year. In no case did it cause digekr
tive disturbances even when the
change from sweet TO sour milk was
made abruptly when the calves were
only q few days old. Moreover no
evil results followed the alternate use
of sweet and sour. 1t seems, therefore.
that the common idea that sour milk
leads to scours is quite unfounded-
The calves, it was found, did not
like the sour milk as. well as the
sweet. but in the majority of cases
soon became accustomed to it. The
aversion, however, Increased when
the milk was fed them at low tenn
perature.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

then left standing for zen or.tweivs
hours. BY the expira ton of that time
saponifcation should be complete.
The soap should then be stirred and
broken up into small pieces and ola
quarts Of commercial cresol should
be added The soap will slowly dis
solve in the cresel. 1t may take two
days for complete solution to be
effected The length Of time taken
in dissolving will depend on the con-
ditions of the soap. which in turn
varies with different lots of Hnseed
oil When the soap is all dissolved
the solution which is liquor cresolis
compositus or eresol soap is then
ready for use This cresol soap will
mix in any proportion with water
and Yield a clear solution. In the
station poultry plant for general pur-
poses IN disinfecting the houses,
breeders. brooder houses. incubators.
nests and other woodwork. It is
used in a 1 or per cent. solution
with water. Three tablespoonful OF
cresot soap TO each gallon Of water
will make q satisfactory solution
This solution may be applied through
any kind of spray pump. or with
brush. -
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
THE COUNTRY CALENDAR
Practical Hints About Things to Do at This Season in Garden
and Greenhouse the Orchard and the Poultry Yard

several weeks on bushes in good con-
dition. Birds will be prevented from
eating it if the bushes are covered
with mosquito netting
Injury from the brown rot on cher
ries, plums and peaches may be pre-
vented with a much diluted lime sui
phur wash,
If the horse refuses to eat we'll or
take on flesh, and is subject TO fits of
indigestion, examine his teeth and
see if they are in condition to grind
his feed, They may need pulling or
shaping up
The hot, sweaty collar pad causes
sweating, collects dust and filth,
thereby Calling the neck and Shout
ders. Try the bare collar with
firm, smooth face working against
the skin.
Trees do not receive the proper
care when they reach their destina-
ton. The nursery man ships the
trees at the best possible time, but
the person to whom the trees are
shipped usually takes his time in get
ting them from the freight house or
railway station, as the case may be-
This same person will leave the trees
outdoors to be exposed to the ele-
ments of the weather.
Isn't it quite likely that the horses
relish a cooling draught of water as
often as you do? Don't tie them up
in the scorching sun while you go
and tap" the refreshing water jug
or the "old oaken bucket" but UNI
hook the team and drive them down
TO the we'll for an enjoyable 6rinkNof
fresh water; takes only a few min
utes, but it adds much to the COM
fort, strength and endurance of the
animals.
Never keep more stock than you
have the means of keeping well, One
animal properly cared for. and4iber-
ally tended, is worth more than two
poorly kept. 1t is a strange but COM
mon error in rural economy to APP
propriate to two, or perhaps three,
animals the food which is barely SUI
fcient to sustain one.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

of meat scrap in a ration for hens
Ts sour milk, made into curd. 'bene-
fieial to laying hens? Should sweet
skim milk be fed to hens and If not
why? M y. j.
Nutley
MIX is a good and economical
food. LAYING hens or growing chick
ems should be given all they want.
Sweet milk is good, but sour milk is
safer for at the turning point 1t IS
strong laxative. This will replace
one-half of the beef scrap and when
curded. three-quarters of the scrap.
Water should be kept before them at
all times.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

home and will repay careful treat
ment
Most people. in following this advice
may feel that they are running their
bushes to cut them back so severely,
but the young shoots that have start
ed about the roots will surprise them
by sprinsing up with wonderful rapid
ity. Each bush will probably put forth
several new shoots that will grow as
long as those cut. or one shoot will
grow much longer. In either case
the trellis will soon be covered again.
One shoot in a New Jersey garden
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

Q2) Taxes and insurance paid on
personal property should be dis
tributed to the proper accounts. All
land taxes are charged to the real
estate account and distributed as
part of the use of land and build
ings."
(0 All the hours and minutes of
man labor on each enterprise, in
Guiding the chores. should be added
ND. these totals being brought to-
gether and the sum of the man hours
on all enterprises found.
QD The total cost of man labor
for the year should be found.
u5) The rate per hour should be
found by dividing the total cost of
man labor by the total hours of man
labor.
Labor Cost for Each Job.
d6) The total number of hours
found against each enterprise in the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
College Agricultural Course for Boys.

What is your advice to boys with
regard to taking a regular or winter
course at the College of Agricuiture-
Newark. L. M.
A boy who is to be a farmer needs
schooling in his life work fully s
much as does the boy who is to fol-
low any other profession or calling:
therefore, il is important that he
should have some agricultural train
ing. The full four years course al
Rutgers is a most desirable one and
gives a man the same prestige and
standing as does a course in a college
in any other line. Aside from the
subject matter acquired. the inter-
course with intelligent men and fell
low students has a broadening effect.
which is in itself worth while. More
over there is engendered a respect
for the calling, and the dignity OF
agriculture is appreciated as nev %
before.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
ASK THE QUESTION BOX
What You Want to Know About Gardening Poultry and COnn'
try Problems Answered by Experts.

This service costs
is
to address Initials only
relates diseased
of the plant tem and eaves1
Box
N
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

four feet is safe measure of the
amount that may be taken off.
Those who have grown climbing
roses as a screen on their porches. in
order to insure a fine bloom the COM
ing year will do well to follow the
advice as given for the higher trellis.
Ia other words. about four feet of the
old stalks that have bloomed should
be cut off Immediately after the BIOS
SONS have withered The foliage Will
recover within a very short period
and continue TO screen the porch, and
next year an abundant crop of BIOS
SONS will be assured.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

After the blooming season of climb
ing roses is over in June the shoots
should be pruned, so as TO throw the
growth of the plant into the new
wood that bore no flowers this year.
for this is the part of the plant that
will bear next year When a treilis
is low (six or eight feet high, it is
a good plan to cut off the shoots that
have borne flowers this year clear
to the ground. Climbing roses are a
valuable aid in making an attractive
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

What is the cure for chestnut tree
fungus j. +. X.
East Orange
The fungus causing the chestnut
bark disease lives largely under the
bark and cannot be reached by
spraying methods. The only remedy
is to cut the fungus out even If L
takes the whole tree.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

What kind of ducks are the best
LAYERS and pay the best? D. Y. L.
Nutley.
Indian Runners are claimed TO be
the best LAYERS. Most ducks are
raised for meat and sold as SQUAD
ducks at ten weeks of age, and the
largest profit is made in this line OF
the duck business.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

What kind of grass seed is best for
the lawn and how should il be pro-
portioned? MRS. r. f.
Newark
Any of the leading dealers in seeds
viii supply mixtures especially de-
signed for lawns, which will be found
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

last year grew twenty feet after the
bush had been cut down in this man
ner.
In the ease of a high trellis a differ
ent method must be followed The
renewal of wood must begin from q
point higher up instead of from the
root as the growth of a bush is not
enough to replace all its top on a high
trellis if required to grow so far. Only
so much OF the old wood should be
removed after the flowers have
bloomed as will enable the new shoots
from the remaining portion of the
stalk to replace the old growth. About
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
Do Not Roll Lawn in summer.

Should a lawn be rolled during the
hot summer months? W. II. L.
Orange.
No, it should be rolled in spring
when the soil is moist.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27
Flee Beetles on Tomatoes.


Does milk given to fowls take the
place of water. or should both be
given. and viii hen eat too much
of it? Will skim milk take the place
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

How may lice and other rosebush
insects be killed? MRS. G. 7. T
Belleville.
Spray the rose bushes with solu-
ton of whale-oil soap-one pound or
soap to five gallons of water. II IS
necessary to make several sprayings.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

Land Allowance for Keeping Hens.
What amount of land is required to
keep 100 hens? r. F.
Elizabeth.
The rule is to allow about one acre
of land for this number, that is TO
say. a ten-acre farm should contain
sufficient land for keeping 1000 hens,
the assumption being that about half
of this would be used for rearing the
young stock This would allow 200
hens per acre on one-half of the farm.
PulIets Better Winter Layers.
Which are the better for winter
layers, pullets or yearling hens?
Belleville. Z. g. D.
Early-hatched pullets are consid-
cred the better winter producers. The
hens, however, are about equal to the
pullets after the month of January.
The largest egg yields are secured
during the first year after the pullets
lay their first eggs, but there are
many notable exceptions to the rule,
In many instances the highest produc-
ton is during the second year, ana
in rare instances in the third year.
Where the fowls are in good health II
is generally desirable to keep the
very best hens for two or even three
years. although they may not lay as
many eggs as pullets. This is be-
cause it will make necessary the
rearing of so many pullets each year
and win enable the use of hens in
stead of pullets for breeders.
Average Profit per Hen per Year.
What would you consider far
average profit per hen per year?
Newark ). M ..
Ordinarily the profit is understood
to include the difference between the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

perfectly satisfactory and better than
usually can be combined at home.
Perennial Flowers Which Grow Rapidly
Please give a short list of perennial
flowers which grow readily.
Newark. ". s. H
Hardy phlox. hardy larkspur. Can
terbury bells, oriental poppy and the
iris family.
Why Stems OF sweet Peas Grow Shorter
What causes the stems Of sweet peas
to become shorter after the first or
second picking W c. G.
Summit.
The stems of sweet peas usually be-
come shorter as the season advances,
owing TO the increase of heat and
consequent lack of moisture.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

total value of the eggs sold and the
cost of food and labor Correctly
speaking the net profit includes only
what is left after deducting the
labor, the food. interest on the in
vestment. depreciation, etc. which in
the case of poultry is considerable,
and frequently is the determining
factor in deciding between profit and
loss. Under ordinary conditions a hen
should cost from $1.10 to s1.40 per
year. depending on the breed: the
lighter fowls cost less than the
heavier. Hens should lay from ten to
eleven dozen of eggs per year, which
should sell for about thirty cents per
dozen. The labor is generally from
one-third to one-half the cost of food,
varying considerably All things con-
we should expect to receive
a net profit per hen of from 81 TO $3.50
per year: the latter only in rare
cases, with exceptional market facili-
ties and a superior product.
Flee Beetles on Tomatoes.
Please let me know what to do for
the insect on my tomatoes, which I
am told is the flea beetle. A F. r.
Belleville.
One of the simplest remedies
against flea beetles on, tomatoes and
potatoes is the use OF any fine dust
on the plants affected. Spraying with
Bordeaux mixture for blight COM
bined with arsenate of lead or paris
green for potato beetles (bugs) viii
at the same time drive away the
flea beetles.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

Currants should be busted with he'll
lebore to destroy the late brood OF
currant worms. The fruit Will last
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-06-27

Prepare for the molting season by
well selected food and plenty of it,
Hens need especially good care during
this period.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1914-04-16
NAN
TO SHIP ONIONS
HAS LARGE CROP WITH No OFT
LET AND CONSTITUTIONALISTS
MAY ARRANGE ROUNDABOUT
HAUL FOR THE CROP.

j. II. Rogers. an American and an ex'
%tcnsive grower of onions at Isasi. in the
State ~ ~Tamaulipas. and located about
fifty miles southeast IL Victoria IN the
Mexican National railroad. arrived IN
Brownsville last night from that place.
Mr.. Rogers : arranging with the const'
nationalist authorities in Matannoro> nv
have his onion crop transported n the
border. and he states tha; ia order to do
~ 4 roundabout haul will have 90 be
made 10 Matamoros.
lie plans Ia ship The onions hy rail
road from ISa>i through Victoria ~
MontcmnicloS. thence overland about 20
miles IL the Mexican National Matamo-
ro> line "a EamoncS station. and thence
into Matamoros. lie states that the
chiefs IN Victoria have agreed 10 coop
crate with him ia every WAY possible. ana
have placed az his disposal numerous
carts.
Mr.. Rogers reports that conditions are
quiet IN his ncighborhool. the entire ter
ritory being controlled by the ronstitu
tionali>tS.
Mr.. Rogers reports that conditions are
quiet iii his ncighhorhoCd. the entire ter
ritory being controlled by the con>ttiu
.tonalists.
mcnts in Matamoru~. Nr. Rogers states
that he will at once return To his farm
IL Isa>i. lie j. travelling ~ automobile.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1914-04-16

The historian records that MANN weeks
later. al the beginning Of winter. almost
tains. a solitary. greasy. bearded. un-
washed individual was encountered on
the trial by n Of the MANY parties
pushing Ia the gold fields. At first the
man was thought to be a Mexican bri-
gand. hut he oon introduced himself. in
courteous and cultured language. a. Cap.
tain Watkins. late president If the Ten
nc>>ec- C3iifornia Travelling Republic.
Deserted by the last of his once one hun.
dred loyal subjects. the captain was
under the necessity Of asking aid Of trar.
elers along the WAY.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1914-04-16

Miss Ethel Reich Of san Antonio is
visiting her brother and sister. Mr.. and
Mrs. i. Neyclow.
4. J.. Lemon ~ Corpus Christi j. "A
visitor in Brownsville today lie is reg
islcrcd AZ the Miller hotel.
X. L. Roberts Of san Benito is 4 bust
ness visitor in Brownsville today.
". II. Fountainc Of San AntoIio il reg
istered ut the Miller hotel.
y. l.. Nclch "f Corpus Christi l. Il
visitor IN the city today. He j. register
ed nj The Miller hotel.
l.. T.. Ramsey If II. Louis, Mo. il reg
istered IT the Miller hotel.
Mrs. Gcorec VI. Kennedy Of Corpus
Christ i, in the city for Il few DAYS. the
guest 1. the Misses Putcgnai al 9TH and
Elizabeth streets.
IL. q. Weldce of -. Louis is register
cd "a the Miller hotel.
city today.
Mr. and Mrs. f.. W. Watts of Donna
are in Brownsville for a few days. They
are guests al the Miller hotel.
!. Cans. 4 Dallas travelling salesman,
is in the city today.
!. 4. Mct;owan If -. Louis j. register
ed al the Miller hotel.
:. u Norwood Of Burnet il registered
at the San Carlos hotel.
@. q. Garrison If kingSville is a Wis
itor in the city today. lie j. registered
~ the San Carlos hotel.
Ike McFaddcn. +. Campbell and X. d.
Barron. .Ir.. all 90 san Bcnito. are IN the
city today. They are guests ~ tie san
hotel.
j. y. Pogcn II IT Louis il rcGistod al
the San Carlos hotel.
Mr.. and Mrs. IL. ". Selling Of New
York city arrived ia the city last night.
They are guests al the san Carlos hotel
l.. :. Brown If I.aglc Lake j. in the
city TO-DAY. He il registered at the san
hotel.
7. 7. Concrly If KingSvillc j. register
Cd al the san Carlos hotel.