davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
Means Evacuation Of France,
Belgium and LuxemburK.
win Be Forced to Fight An the
Way Out.
CONDITIONS FAVOR ALLIES
Crown Princes Forces Continue
in Direction Of Argonne.
The Battle Line Now Extends
East and West.
CAVALRY FROM INDIA ARRIVES
German General StaH Reports
Situation Is Favorable.
Declare the Allies Have Not
Won . Victory.
Crown Princes Forces Continue
in Direction Of Afgonne.
The Battle Line Now Extends
East and West.
German General StaR Reports
Situation Is Favorable.
Declare the Allies Have Not
Won . Victory.

London, Sept. ia Central News
dispatch from Rome quotes . tele-
gram from Basel Switzerland. to the
Messagero, stating the Germans are
reported to have received orders to
retire as far az the right bank Of the
Rhine. completely evacuating France,
Belgium and Luxembourg.
Paris. Sept. 1e.-The MaAin, dr.
cussing tho withdrawal Of the Ger
mans. points out that in order to cover
its retreat and avoid the blocking Of
roads open to 1t. the German army
will have to mark time and Tight q
second and perhaps a third battle.
conditions. according to the Matin,
certainly most favorable for the
French forces. which, thanks to their
reinfOrcements and the rapidity OF
movement assured them by the rn3l-
ways. will be able to face all eventu-
alities without anxiety.
The Official communication OF Nom
day. which referred to tho preceding
days developments. said that the
enemy showed a disposition to resist
north Of Aisne river.
Yesterdays offlcial Communication
said that the enemy had resisted ON
the line from Craonne and the forest
Of L'Aigle. north of Compiegne. A. Z
simple rear guard stand against the
allies this would scarcely last -
hours, SO there must be another big
battle in pr01ro1e since Sunday. The
forces that constituted the center IN
the battle of Marne seem also to be
seeking position on the same line
| while the crown princes army In
Argonne continues to retreat in that
direction.
The Germans have On this line ad-
vantage of high ground With the rignt
rro,e; I'D by the rfve.s Cise and Asia.
II the center ana left are able to conn
plete 9 retfrefn ,nl such Ehepe " t.
make q stand or tbs sa;re line they
| may te able 20 -us'xin q general cs.-
g.genent un '.r more fay cradle CO a-
(Confinued On PAGE 1s,uo /
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
DECLINE IN CROPS.
But Prospects for the Year Are Bette
Than in 1918.

Washington. Sept. 16.-August was a
generally favorable month for crops In
the south and unfavcrahle in the north,
according to the department Of agricul-
trle's r.:onthly bulletin issued to-day.
The result was q slight average de-
cline In the condition of all crops but
the prospects for the years crops are
better than last year. The trend Of
prices paid to producers was down.
ward although the acreage was higher
or September than during the last
six years.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
The SEA
Russians Continue to Pursue
the Fleeing Austrians
According to . Report Sent Out
From PetrOgrad.

Petrograd, Sept. 16.@The following
summary Of the recent fighting in
Galicia from the Russian point OF view
has been made public through semi
official channels:
"Russian troops are pursuing the
Austrians with energy and the defeaf
Of the enemy continues. Certain Aus
trian army corps have been virtually
Russian forces have pass
ed the River San. The Eastern Prus-
sian advance guard is approaching
Przemysl.
.aThe rapidity with which military
operations are being conducted has
made it impossible to determine ac-
curately the losses Of the enemy. but It
may be said that they are becoming
colossal.
According to such information as
has come to hand, the Austrians have
lost in the neighborhood Of 250.O0o
men in killed and wounded. this in
addition to 100000 prisoners. 400
pieces of ordnance and q number of
standards. In all directions the roads
are crowded with artillery. transport
wagons and arms and ammunition.
" Which havL been -'andOned In mass
during the precipitate retreat of the
enemy.
ION the River Vistula Russian
troops have taken possession OF an &C
cumulation Of material for bridge
building, and they destroyed several
steamers, one Of which was armored
''The desperate efforts Of German troops
to save the Austrian army from uttef
rout should be recorded. The active par.
tfcipation of German army corps in
the fighting has been revealed at severa
different places along the Austrian front
as, for instance, at Tourobine. The Rus
slams captured 36 pieces of long range
German artillery, In addition to some 500
German prisoners at this point. At othel
places on the front several dozen arg'
German guns, many of which had beeI
prevented by lack OF time from bein!
used in the fighting fell into their hands.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
GERMAN ARMY IS ORDERED
TO Retire BEHIND The RHINE

London, Sept. 16.-Calculations
based upon official returns issued
yesterday show that the cost to the
British government and people for
the first - days OF the war counting
from August /, when the dtsburse-
ments began, has been about $780,
500. 900, or at the rate Of $3.87O.000
every day Should the war ex-
pense continue for one year the to-
tai would amount to $1.412.b5O.OO0.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
IT IS WARM TODAY.
Morning Temperature Was 16 Degrees
Above Normal.

Tho weather is warm today. The
minimum temperature at $50 o'clock
this morning-74 degrees-was 16 ce-
grees above normal for this date.
While the minimum temperature ct
the day Tuesday was the, lowest in
four months, the maximum-S1-was
the highest in ! week. The southerly
wind caused the needle to climb. All
night the wind was from the southwest
and the average pace was fifteen niles
winds are predicted for Kansas for .he
next "a hours.
The forecast calls for generally far
weather tonight and Thursday. While
the word generally indicates the pos
sibility of a shower here and there in
the state. the forecast is on the whole
encoura ging.
The rainfall at Kansas City in the
twenty-four hours ending at z o'clock
this morning was 3.14 inches, making a
total u A4.O2 inches since September 1.
This is a record for September precipi-
tation at that city.
Rain fell at other government sta
tions in the following amounts: EN-
poria, trace; Hays. trace; Manhattan,
st. Joe, .O2.
The Kaw river has risen three and
one-half feet since Tuesday. The stage
today was nine feet even. the highest
stage since j. e %.
The weather this afternoon was
ideal for the fair-warm and fair.
The temperature for the entire day
was two degrees above the normal
average temperature for July. The
government thermometer registered
Sc degrees at two o'clock. At that
hour the wind was twenty-five miles
from the south. The chances arr
Thursday will be fine.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
JAPS DROP BOMBS.
Nippon Aeroplane Flies Over German
Garrison ut Tsing Tao.

Toxic. Sept. 16.-It is officially an
nounced that a Japanese aeroplane
dropped bombs on the barracks of the
Germans at Using Tao and that the
machine returned safely to its head
quarters. The destroyer flotilla oper-
ating from Laoshan Bay near Using
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
Whcat Up 5 Ceuta

Chicago. Sept. le.-0reat buying
force made itself evident today IN the
wheat pit and rushed prices up N
much ~ cents q bushel. Reported
successful maneuverfng Of the Ger
man and Austrian armies appeared to
impress speculatorB with the belief
that outlook again indicate . struggle
OF long duration.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
E hourly readings:


Pueblo, Sept. 16.-Weldon C. Cooke.
aviator. was killed in q plunge of
1000 feet In his aeroplane while Civ
ing an exhibition flight over the state
fair grounds today
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

Kaiser Wilhelm, the German Co.
perOr, will assume chief command
against the Russians.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

weather Forecast for Kansas
Generally fair tonight and Thursday.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

More than $500 German prisoners
arrived today at Lublin In Russian
Poland.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

0opon haS takcm tne railway ot0A
ton at KiaO-ChOw.
Germany has established milltary
government I'm lkussian Poland.
More than $500 German prisoners
arrived today at Lublin In Russian
Poland.
Kaiser Wilhelm, the German CO.
perOr, will assume chief command
against the Russians.
1t is stated that the Germans have
received orders to retire from France,
Belgium and Luxembcrg.
The Servian army which crossed
the River Save into Hungary has beao
defeated along its entire line.
1t is rumored that the wof1d.wldo
known Indian cavalry has arrived in
France aid win soon be I'm action.
The two Austrian armies that have
joined forces northwest Of Jarcs1au
have lost 40 per cent Of their num-
bers.
SIR John French is initiating an en-.
velOping movement with the Object 0l
cutting ON the main right wing Of tlso
Newspapers In Berlin arc ex.
planning to the people Of Germany
that the retreat from Paris II . mat.
ter of military strategy.
The German general sta6 declares
that the French and English have oe
no place won . victory and that cum
ditiOns are favorable to the Germans
Among the four hundred gune ta1k-
en- from he Austrians by tho Russlama
| I'm Gali7a arc moro than t1l1Fty-G11
heavy German CANNON bearing t1bo ~
itials Of EmperOr Winiam.
The big wireless station - TnclHet~
tom, N. J., one Of the tWo p1nn2D II
the United States In direct t0nch W1f1A
Germany. was closed today II Wno
said that tho generator hn6 beo1Een<
| The central portion Of DIE e1e9 -
R0une was occur1cd By m1l1tnky
untN after midnight Hst n14a1t
vent demonstKnttOns on tie r.
tho Rome pupu1are agr:nst Ne1
l in the present Waf. Il Vn8 ueot
| for tho troops To charge t. - n
stKnbOes aeveEa1 ttnnea. g &
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16
SUMMARY or TODAY'S
WAR NEWS IN EUROPE

Japan has taken the railway sta
ton at KiaO-ChOw.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

Germany has established military
government I'm Hussian Poland.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

The German general sta6 declare
that the French and English hove 3
no place won . victory and that con
diti0ns are favorable to the GeEmau1
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

Sir John French Il Initiating an en-.
velOping movement with the Obtect ol
cutting on the main right wing Of flbo
German army.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

1t is rumOred that the wof1d.W1d0
known Indian cavalry has arrived in
France aid win soon be I'm actaOn.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

CONTINUED on Page Two.)
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

Continued or Page Two ]
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

The two Austrian armies that have
joined forces northwest Of Jarcslau
have lost 40 per cent Of their num-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1914-09-16

Continued on PaGe Two.)
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

Mr.. Lewis does not condemn with
out offering remedial suggestions. He
presents the following considerations
to be borne in mind''in making chang
es in the present law or in providing
a new law"
First-Emphasize the necessity for
party organizations; protect parties
in making nominations; make parties
responsible for the nominations made;
make party names mean something.
Second-Provide for a full repre-
sentation of the party voting strength
in the machinery for making nomina-
tons by the party.
Third-Provide against nominations
by minority votes.
Fourth-Provide methods that will
insure better geographical distrlbu-
ton of the offices.
Fifth-Provide against chances for
vote manipulation.
Sixth-Reduce the cost to counties
and candidates. Give the man of mod
crate means chance.
The primary election law had its
conception in the idea of "let the
people rule; let Cnem nominate tnelr
own officers; let them run the public
business direct. 1t was framed by our
lawmakers to accomplish this object
as nearly as possible, with the expert
ence of other states to guide them.
1t has been amended at two sessions
of the legislature. At the last pri-
mary election, however, it developed
such inherent weaknesses, showed that
it fell far short of accomplishing the
object sought, and proved that the
provisions of the law lent themselves
to political manipulation to such an
extent that it is being almost univer-
sally condemned by press and public.
Changes are sure to be made In the
law at the coming legislative session,
and it is wise preliminary to such
changes to give consideration to the
faults and shortcomings of the present
law. If we know the faults we can
change them.
The theory of the law is right. Its
practice in Idaho is all wrong. The
theory presumes that the average vot-
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

receive the Endorsement of the party,
without receiving that proportion of
the total vote provided by the con-
vention rules, never less than a ma
jority. He was tried by fire in the
crucible of the party convention and
discarded if found wanting. Ballot at
lot after ballot is taken, if needed, and
many a candidate who received the
same minority that would have nomi-
mated him in the primaries, has been
rejected as unfit by the convention and
a better man named. In the conven-
ton system no opposition voter could
take part and help nominate weak
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24
N. {. LEWIS ON DIRECT
PRIMARY LAW
Points Out It's Weaknesses and
Suggests Radical
Changes.

Basing his conclusions on close
study and general observation and
partially, no doubt, on his experience
as Republican candidate for the gov
ernorship in the 1914 primary cam
paign, M. E. Lewis of Moscow pre-
sents in the following article an argu-
ment in favor of radical changes in
the direct primary law. He says:
AS lifelong Republican l wish to
protest against keeping this law as it
is on the statute books of the state.
Our party is responsible for it. 1t
is our law. We have tested and found
it faulty, vicious and destructive. Let
US have the courage to wipe it off the
books in the interest of party welfare,
party responsibility to the people, and,
as consequence, the public good.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24
candidate.
Bunching Offices.

The ticket is thus named for the
voters at the general election. In look
ing over those nominated it is found
that the tendency of the average vot-
err to vote for those known to him, or
of whom he has heard, or who have
been recommended by friend, has
worked its logical result. The nomi-
nations go to the centers of popula-
ton in both county and state tickets.
A man well known in Boise has 5000
votes behind him at the start, while
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

an equally good man, equally well
known in Podunk, has 20. A Just gee
ographical distribution is lost. The
county officers go largely to the large
town, and the state officers to Boise.
Another tendency of this method of
voting is to perpetuate men in office.
An office holder is known to more men
than a new man, and gets more votes.
This tendency makes it hard for
new man to break into politics and
keeps many good men out to the det-
riment of our public affairs at times
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24
ting its weagest men, and defeating
them later.
Voters Qualifications

Voters Qualifications
The average voter takes his ballot
into the booth to mark up. He looks
over the names on the ticket. If for
tunate he may have a speaking ac-
quaintance with % per cent of the
candidates, and know something of
the qualifications for office of half OF
these. For the balance of the persons
on the ticket he has no qualifications
as an elector fitting him to act intel
igently in his choice between the per-
sons named There is no party IN
dorsement behind any name on the
ticket to guide him. 1t is a scramble
of individuals. For those named on
the ticket whom he does not know,
the choice of the average voter Will
probably be determined by, first, those
whose names have been recommended
by a friend; second, those whose
names he has heard of, or seen favor
ably mentioned in print; third, those
whose names he has not heard of, but
who live closest to him; fourth, those
whose names, or whose nationality as
disclosed by their names, he likes best.
On such small things do nomlna-
lions sometimes depend under our prl-
mary law. l say these are the prob
able reasons which account for many
of the votes cast at the primaries Inns
is not said in disparagement OF the
intelligence of the voters, but to show
the shortcomings of the primary law.
Minority Nominations.
The votes are cast and counted. The
candidates for each office in each par
ty are named. In cases of contest the
nominations are probably made by
a minority vote of those cast at the
primaries, and in nearly all cases OF
contest, by decided minority OF the
party strength. This is the first law
in Idaho whereby a candidate could
be nominated by a minority vote of a
party. In primary elections but one
ballot can be taken. Under the dis
carded convention system where the
entire party strength was voted by
representatives of the voters them.
selves, no one could be nominated and
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

Continued on Page A.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1914-12-24

Tox,o,.. All sums of $40 and under cash. Sums
AGII1lS.-over $40 10 months time will be given with
10 on bankable notes only and 1919 discount for
cash. No property to be removed until settled for.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-09-14
RED CROSS SHIP
OFF TO EUROPE ON
MISSION OF MERCY
Carries l5o Nurses and Doc
tors Who Sacrifice Finan-
cial Benefits in Enlisting
Their Services.

NEW YORK, Sept. H.--The Red Cross
left her anchorage in Gravesend bay
shortly after o'clock last evening and
started on her mercy mission to Eu-
rore. Before o'clock she had passed
Sandy Hook, and In the absence of in
formation to the contrary local officials
of the Red Cross assumed that she would
proceed to Falmouth, England, which is
to be her first stop.
Before she left Gravesend Bay Cap
tain Armistead Rust received instruc-
tlons from Washington that Rear Ad-
miral Aaron Ward u, 8. NJ, retired,
would take charge of the ship at Fall
mouth. Admiral Ward is now in London.
From Falmouth the Red Cross will
proceed to Havrc. where nurses and
supplies will be landed. 1t Is not the
nurpose Of the United states Government
to have the ship tie up in any port, but
to lie about half mile from the piers.
Nobody but the nurses and physicians
will be allowed to land. and these Will
be accompanied by officers of the ship.
everything possible has been done to
keep the Red Cross within the strictest
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-09-14

throughout the world to the war, he
said,
But as the Jews are scattered through
out the world, and they must fight
brother against brother, II is quite hard
to apportion their sytnpathies. 1t Is al
most commeRdable that Germany Is not
angered with the Russian Jewish sol
dlers, and Russia with its German and
Austrian Jewish soldiers. England, how
ever, desires greatly that all Jews who
are not taking a definite side in the war
should sympathize with England and
with Englands cause.
"It appears strange that at this time
there is no united Jewish public opinion
on the present war. The Jewish opinion
is greatly scattered because the Jewish
nation Is scattered"
Or. Levin also spoke OF the terrible
conditions In Palestine as a result of the
war. Palestine is dependent for its ex-
istence upon the rest Of the world. And
when the rest of the world is at war
there is nothing left for the Jews in
Palestine except starvation.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-09-14
ALL AMERICANS EXPECTED
OUT OF DANGER ZONE OCT. |
About 10000 Still in London, but
Few Remain in France.

WASHINGTON. Sept. H-Nirtually all
Americans stranded in Europe will be
out Of the danger zone by October l, ac-
cordng to :: dispatch to tho War Depart
mrut today from Assistant Secretary of
War breckenridge. now in Parts.
There are 700 Americans stranded in
Genoa. the dispatch states, and about
$4,000 remain IN London These will be
able to depart without difficulty and ships
sufficient to move them all already have
been arranged for. Virtually all Amcri-
cans who desired TO 70 have already left
France.
Reports that there were from 40 to &c
Americans still remaining in Russia in
destitute circumstances caused the War
Department to dispatch Captain $. j..
RayaTi Schindel, military attache of the
legation at Christiania, to Petrograd
The officer today started for the Rus
sian capital with Instructions to bring
ont the stranded.
NEW YORK, Sept. 1.-THE White Star
liner Baltic, which is returning from
Liverpool with a large list of Americans,
IS expected to arrive in New York late
Thursday afternoon.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-09-14
NO DUM-DUM BULLETS.
SAYS "BIG GAME" HUNTER
Roosevelt's Evidence Quoted in Let
ter Clearing All Belligerents.

LONDON, sept "A.
F. c. Selus. the famous big game"
hunter, in a letter to the London Times,
says, regarding the accusation of tho
Kaiser charging the allies with using
dum-dum bullets and the like counter
charges against the Germans:
Il think in all probability both the
allies and their ANTAGONISTS have been
innocent OF the charges made against
them in this respect The serious ragged
wounds supposed 20 have been caused
by bullets which had been purposely
tampered with have most likely been due
10 the fact. which l believe is not gem
orally known, that the new pointed bull
let itself a German invention now for
the first time being employed in warfare
in western Europe5 inflicts at short
ranges more grievous wounds than any
form OF soft-nosed expanding bullets
In 1910, on his journey through Brit
ish East Africa and the Sudan, Mr.
Roosevelt used for all game except the
very heaviest. an American rife. taking
an American military cartridge which is
loaded. like. our own military cartridges.
with a solid, nickel-covered pointed
bullet.
These solid, pointed military bullets
Mr., Roosevelt told me, inflicted more
grievous wounds than any kind Of ex-
panding bullet he had previously used
for big game shooting"