davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
TRAINMEN AND AUXILIARY
SELECT OFFICERS FOR TERM

AT well attended meeting of Birmlng-
ham local, Brotherhood of Railway Train
men, officers for the ensuing year were
elected. The reports of the retiring of
flcers showed the brotherhood in good
condition with increasing membership. Of
ficers elected We're: Walter Harper,
president; w. w. Lane, vice president
J. M. Stephens, secretary; S. A. Smith.
treasurer The ladies auxiliary to the
Brotherhood elected officers as follows:
]. M. stephens. counselor; Mrs. Lizzie
stephens, president; Mrs. McClary, vica
president; Mrs. Inez Ellington. secretary,
and Mrs. Matilda Snope, treasurer.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
SHOPMEN VOTE TO
CONTINUE STRIKE

st. Louis, December ga heavy vote
to continue the strike OF shopmen on
the Hartman railway lines. has been re-
turned by two of the five organizations
involved according to a statement to-
night by A. o. Whorton, business agent
of the International Order of Maohinists
The strike involves 10000 men and has
been In progress three years.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
OFFICERS ELECTED
FOR ENSUING TERM

OFFICERS of Evening Star lodge No HOO
knights and Ladies of Honor have been
elected as follows, and will be Installed
the first meeting in January: Mrs. Sara
McPherson, professor; d. p. Durham, vice
protector; Louis Schwarz, secretary; J. j..
Worsham, treasurer Mrs. Rosa Wise,
chaplain; w. II. Lynn, guide; Mrs w. II.
Lynn. guardian; w. NJ. BRYAN. sentinel.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07

Annual meeting and election OF orrrcers
will be held Wednesday evening at the
Masonic hall by Zamora temple. Ancient
Arabic Order, Mobiles of the Mystic Shrine.
trious potentate, will make a report for
his stewardship for the year. Reports
will also be made by the other officers.
It is understood that the year has been
one of the most successful in the history
of the temple.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
OLD HICKORY CAMP
ELECTS IT'S OFFICERS

AT meeting of Old Hickory camp
Noodmen of the World, officers for the
ensuing year were elected as follows,
and will be installed publicly in January.
committee on arrangements for the
installation was appointed. Officers elect
ed We're: A. T. Hill, past consul COM
mander; DR.. II. A. Elkourle consul COM
mander; r. l. Berry, advisor lieutenant:
E. NJ. Everett, banker; S. J. Beggs. clerk
A. L. Miller, escort; w. ". Tucker,
Waterman; d. E. Hyde, sentry; T. w.
Afford, l.. B. Hanks, managers.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
TWENTY CANDIDATES
TO BE INITIATED

Birmingham Council No. q, Junior Or
der United American Mechanics, will
initiate a class of 20 candidates into the
order at the meeting to be held at Fra
ternai hall this evening, commencing at
s O'clock. The large class is the result OF
the membership contest that has been
on for several months and many other
candidates are expected before 1t closes
at the end of the year
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
CAPITULAR MASONS
TO CONFER DEGREES

Mineral City chapter No. 10l. Royal
Arch Masons, will confer the most excel
lent degree In full form at the meeting
to be held at the Masonic temple on
Thursday evening. Ernest E. Mathews
will have charge of the work. The newly
eldsted grand high priest. Norman Gum
of Jasper, will be present
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
RANK OF ESQUIRE TO
BE GIVEN TO PYTHIANS

Jefferson Valley lodge No. II. knights
of Pythias, will confer the rank of esquire
on several candidates at their meeting
TO be held tomorrow at Fraternal hall
me lodge Is making efforts 70 have at
least 80 applications for the big initiation
to be held in the city about the middle
of December, which is known as the
Rathbone Bible class.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
GRAND OFFICERS-ELECT TO
VISIT TRIPLE LINK LODGE

On Thursday night, George Huddleston,
grand master-elect, and Palmer p Dau-
gette grand warden-elect, of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, will at
tend the meeting of Triple Link lodge
No. $780, and make addresses on the gen.
eral condition of the order throughout
the state.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07

lated by any power Sir Edward coutin-
ued.
For us to be the first to violate II
and to send troops into Belgium would be
to give Germany, for instance, justitca-
ton for sending troops into Belgium. Also
what we desired In the case of Belgium.
as In that of other neutral countries, was
that their neutrality should be respected
and as long as il IL not violated by any
other power we should certainly not send
troops ourselves into their territory.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
Young-Allen

Yesterday afternoon at the residence
of the brides parents. Mr.. and Mrs. ]. q.
Allen, $3.50 Avenue d, Frank l.. Young
and Miss Myrtle Viola Allen were married
by the Rev. E. r. Stephenson. The young
couple will be at home to their friends at
73l West Forest avenue.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
PERSONALS

Miss Jean Gordon of New Orleans is in
the city, the guest of Mrs. w. l.. MUIR
doch. Miss Gordon will be at home to
| her friends this afternoon between and
| O clock at the residence of Mrs. Murdoch
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
King Visits War Theatre

Paris December Skiing Peter of Ser
via has visited the war theatre and has
thanked the troops warmly for their ef-
forts. This information is contained in
Havas dispatch frs(h Nish, servia.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS
TO ELECT OFFICERS

Tomorrow afternoon at o'clock tn.
Womans Relief Corps auxiliary to George
custer Post No. l, Grand Army of the
Republic, will meet in annual session for
the purpose of electing officers for this
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
Suppress Opium Monopoly

Seoul, Corea, December 1.-THE govern
ment has suppressed the opium monopoly
and put ban on the smoking of opium.
These steps were advocated by American
missionaries.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
EVENTS OF THE WEEK
IN FRATERNAL CIRCLES

ensuing term. Report of retiring officers
will be received and other business trans
acted.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1914-12-07
NEWS Of .E:NSLEy

A large crowd attended the memorial
services which were conducted by the
Ensley lodge, No $751; Benevolent and
Protective Order of Elks, at the Frank
Lin theatre yesterday afternoon. Vic
tor Johnston exalted ruler, presided over
the exercises An interesting address was
given by j. Ellis Brown, past exalted
ruler, who eulogized the deceased men,
bers of the lodge, giving a short talk
about each of the departed members as
their names were called.
The Rev. J.. e. Brubaker, pastor Of the
Ensley Highland Presbyterian church,
gave another interesting address ON Fra
ternalism.' Mr.. Brubaker spoke about
what the order stood for and the accomp-
lishments of the departed members. A
recitation, AUX Italina" Uord Litton),
by Miss Francis Youngblood, and a reci-
tation, "All Things Shall Pass Away"
by Sllas Beddow, were among the feat
ures Miss Edna Chapman sang 1.-The
Gate of Life" and Dave Monkey rendered
"Oh, Eyes That Are Weary" Alvin KEEL
Ter gave a plano solo, the prayer and
benediction was given by the Rev. George
L. jenkins, pastor of the Ensley Metho-
dist church.
The deceased members of the Ensley
- u..,ar,e,, n Cu.et rohn "
.ouee
warren D. M. PERKINS, FRANK D. hsphai'''
John ii. Sheldon, r. T. Mcleod. James
C. Bonner, H. p. Zeigler, DIR. w. T. Hen
don and William v. Mentzell.
~ -, r-,
Inc oliioers VI 'ne nnsiey 'puse a'e
as follows: Victor Johnston. exalted
ruler; william Landrum, esteemed lead
ing knight. George Diggins. esteemed lec-
.,,,.t,.. u MI ....,...s -,
Turns ms ~. a. ~ siee'' .s'ee'nsu ,vs"'
KNIGHT; u II. Wooo' secretary; william
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
FIVE SHIPS FROM BRAZIL.
VIII Bring Coffee and Take BACK
Manufactured Goods.

Developments yesterday indicated that
the Governments of both Argentina and
Brasil are doing their utmost TO forward
the commercial relations between those
countries and the United States.
II was announced here Yesterday that
Edwin V. Morgan. American Ambassador
AT Rio de JaneirO, had sent cable mes
sage TO the State Department telling OF
the efforts being made BY the BRAZILIAN
Government. He said that the Minister
OF Finance Of Brazil has made arrange
ments TO send to the United States five
vessels OF the Lloyd Brazlliero Company
with consignmcnts of coffee from Santos
and Rio de Janeiro and rubber from Para.
The vessels will discharge the greater
part OF their cargoes at this port The
coffee will be sold and with the proceeds
articles needed In Brazil will be pur-
chased and carried back by tn, .hins.
DR.. Naon. the Argentine Minister, has
arrived here from Washington to make
his headquarters temporarily in the ONCE
OF the Argentine Consul In this city. He
mas authority from his Government to
accept money from American importers
who wish to buy Argentine products and
10 inform his Government ~ the transac.
ton by cable The Argentine Government
will pay over the money to the Importers
agents. Likewise the Argent ne Govern
ment is ready TO accept money from bust.
ness men In Argentina who wish to remit
10 this country. In this way exchange can
be established between those two coun-
tries.
Or. Naon conferred yesterday with
bankers and shipping men in regard 10
the development of the commerce between
the two countries
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
VARDON SAYS STANDARD OF
GOLF HAS NOT IMPROVED
Anderson Enters Dissenting Opinion and Point.
to Recent Marvellous Scores Both
Here and Abroad.

weather changes. are the same for m.
and all, and the play up to the pin /.
usually a matter OF thought Not no rn,cs
caro- Is taken IN the placing OF the c,,n,
in match play, and the driving spots ~.
frequently placed nearer the front NJ m,
teer The record holder OF the cours,
according 10 the beliefs Of many of ON.
players. should he the golfer who IN
recognized club or open medal plav -ou-
nament plays the eighteen holes IN re
ures which arc admitted TO he lower ma
the previous record.
There may be n point raised abn,,. ~.
player who in a match competition hos,
everything and then succeeds in t.,,lr,
around in figures which would congtitu,,
a new mark. In this case there shoue
or could bs some ,clon pos init who
might grant to the successful sol',r ,hs
credit. But before this could be Con.
the committee. or some respons Die golfer
should make known tho fact chat ne Nacs
tees we're used. and that there was n,
help because OF the match play In IN.
making Of the score. BY the way, ther,
are few clubs which have any bodt 81
men which look after the records
wouldn't be n bad idea 20 form such
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
SHAMROCK ~. ARRIVES
In new YORK TO-DAY
VIII Be Placed in Dry Dock to
Ascertain If Voyage Strained
Her Hull.

The cup challenger Shamrock " and
her convoy. the steam yacht Erin. will
arrive hero this morning. A wireless mos
sage was received yesterday from Co
Duncan d. r. Neill, who has charge Of
the yachts, which said that the two
boats we're proceeding all we'll and es.
pected to be of the Ambrose Channs
light vessel at o'clock this morning
Tho tug Fred b. DalDell will leave
the Battery at O'Clock to meet IN.
Shamrock at the light vessel ard viii
tow her into the harbor After sir
has passed Quarantine the Shamrock
will be taken to shewan's dry dock
at the foot OF Twe nty-seventh street
South Brooklyn. and 1t is said she is to
ho lifted out. She will hrst be dis.
msntled. All her spars and sails usd
in the voyage across the Atlantic will be
removed as will her stores. She will ther
be put in the dry dock ana thoroughly
examined to find out " Sic las been
strained IN any way, Whether he will Al
out then or will he laid w until tine to
get ready for tn races for the Am,ri.
ca cup will depend Oh Designer Nichol.
son and Sir Thomas Upton.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
LOSS OF DAVIS CUP
SHORN OF ITS STING
McLoughlin's Defeat Of Both
Wilding and Brookes Is
Bright Feature.
MAKES HIM WORLDS BEST
Seems Probable That Cup Will
Not BE Away From Home
More Than Year.
MAKES HIM WORLDS BEST

Although the Davis international lawn
tennis trophy has been carried of. con-
siderable Of the sting has been taken out
OF Americas defeat by the wonderful
achievement OF Maurice Il. Mclaughlin In
Nanquishing each Of the great Austral-
asian pair, Norman h. Brookes and
Anthony +. Wildng. Wlldiug had held
the all England championship for three
years and Brookes took II away from him
this year. As the tournament winner at
Wimbledon Is generally regarded as the
worlds title holder, the crown passes
without dispute to the marvellous Cali
fornian.
The triumph OF the young man from
the West will not benefit lin alone either,
as II really takes tho worlds champion
ship tournament from Wimbledon ana
transplants II IN Newport When play
commences at the famous Casino courts
week from to-day, Mclaughlin will
therefore bc defending universal rather
than "A national crown.
The outlook for the recovery of the cup
Is bright, and II seems probable that IL
VIII not remain away from home for more
than year. II IL an established fact
that there are now no two men In the
world outside Of Brookes and Wilding who
could have taken the bowl away, and IL
Is doubtful II they will ever play inter-
national tennis again.
B'ookes Is no longer youngster, and in
his various matches in this country this
year has proved that he cannot stand the
strain OF long hard battle. Even now
he Is contemplating dropping tennis and
turning To- golf Wildng Is not rs old as
BroOkos, and although he had not lost a
set outside OF those that McLoughlIn
took from him during the International
matches. II was very evident that he had
rctrcgr1dcd great deal from the form
which kept him AZ the head ~ the worlds
tennis players for the last four years
" docs not seem likely that they will
defend the cup. Tho trophy must be de-
tcndcd IN Australasia, and Il Is doubtful
~ either Of these men VIII 20 back there
Wildlng has been In business In England
for ABOUT five yeHrr. Broolscs left tho
Aniipodes last fall. and Il IL said that he
probably will make his home IN England,
too.
This would put tho defence Of tho cup
up to team OF practically inexperienced
player. Alfred ". Dunlop Is the only
member OF this years challenging team
that viii return TO Australasia sta rley
y. puust has made his home IN England
;or some time. Outside ~ Dunlop, who
played in Davis cup matches in other
Years, the ONLY available men In Austral-
asia with International experience are
Horace Rice and a Booth Jones' who
played in America last year. Neither of
these men can cope with the American
players, and the younger crop of racket
vi'ldors las not shown any particular
star.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
LEADERS OPPOSED TO
DELAY OF WAR TAX
Legislation Will Re- Passed at
This Congress Session.
II at All.
CANVASS BY UNDERWOOD
lie Is Gauging the Sentiment Of
His Committec-BaiIey
Urges Land Tax.

WAsnrSGroN. Aug Is.--Lcg'slation FOR
increasing the revenues Of the Govern
rnent will be passed. II at all. before the
adjournment of this session. shat is
the judgment OF those in Congress
charged with putting such Legislation
through
Representative Underwood IL az work
nov gauging the sentiment OF his com
mittee on the proper subjects for taxes
That burdens will be imposed on sub
jects OF Internal revenue taxation Is con-
coded. but the leaders arc not yet GER
tain just what will be taxed
There are varying opinions. Reports
that the whiskcy tHX Will be Increased
are not true. ON the contrary there is
reason to believe that the Congress lead
ers doubt tile cNpcdiency of trying to
raise revenues by increasing the tax on
whskey.
They believe that II might result In
decreasing the revenues now coming in
from that scourcc. with beer II is DIFF
ferent and the tan ON the malt beverage
may be increased. There Is much talk
Of a stamp tax and not little agitation
for an inheritance tax.
Representative Bailey, a Democrat. OF
Pennsylvania who Is a single tax advo-
cate. expressed tho opinion to-day that
the talk of war tax was premature Ad-
uniting that international commerce has
been temporarily disturbc1 ny the strug-
gle H. Europe Mr.. Bailey says IL will
soon pass away, for tho rrst great naval
battle between the Germans and British
will settle the MASTERY 81 the Atlantic
and then commerc. viii be resumed and
go forward by leaps and bounds.
II. expects to see a great increHsc 10
the export trade of the United states
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
PROPHET SEES FAIR SKIES.
Promises Right Sort of weather for
Outings Now.

The local weather man promises con-
tnued fair weather In this city to-day
and tomorrow. with gentle to moderate
shifting winds to keep one cool. Also
YOU may take an outing. II you are
lucky enough 20 hay time. without any
fear OF storm for several days, accord
ing to present indications.
Yesterday didn't get ute as warm by
two degrees ~ Saturday, but the humid
lty merely changed from 40 at A. NJ
to i3 twelve hours later. so that maybe
YOU felt warmer than so degrees tom
pcrature at I, NJ, indicated. Tho tenn
pcrature went as low as Sc at O'Clock
yesterday morning
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
BRICKLEY TO COACH VIRGINIA
VIII Vclp ITS Football Team Get 10
shspc-stiI Dropkickins.

CUARrorTEsvrLLE. Va, Vug. iG.--Nr.
sinias football squad IL going 20 have
the services az coach for the few early
days of practice of Capt. Charles Z
Brickley, Flrvard's great halfback and
renowned dropklcker.
Bricl,ley Is spending the summe, in Vi.
Blue Ridge camp which is orducted by
"A brother " Joe Wood. the head coach Of
the Old Dominion gridlroners for the co1i'
ing season. Brickley has prom.s od Wood
To- give him his assistance before JOHNS
the Crimson candidates in September.
Brickley came South about the hrst
OF July To accept . position as one 81
the leaders" but practises each day IN.
art which has made him famous He
now tips the scales at 100 and EN-. to
be in IDEAL condition. His weight du-rF
the football season is close around ~
He has proved most popular and is a
genera fivorlto with the pupils.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
KRONPRINZ WILHELM
STILL PUZZLE OF SEA
Meeting With British Warship
on Friday Deepens Wonder
About Liner.

There was considerable speculation in
shipping circles yesterday as to the where
abouts OF the North German Lloyd liner
Kronprinz Wilhelm, which slipped out of
her Hoboken berth on August 3 with only
her officers and crew. bound for Bremen.
Nothing has been heard OF the fast liner
except through the British cruiser Suf-
folk. which told in Halifax last Friday
OF chasing the liner while she was coal
ing the German cruiser Karlsruhe early
that day. As far AS is known OF the liner
she has not touched at any port
The sailing of the German liner from
this port created great deal OF com
ment, Her leaving time was kept secret
by the officials of the Hamburg American
Line, who merely said she would try Ia
reach Bremen, for which port she had
cleared. Tho vessel left Hoboken with
only her running lights UP.
The Kronprinz Wilhelm was the last
Of the German liners 20 leave port. She
was reported to have headed directly
SOUTH after clearing the bar, TO avoid
hsotile war vessels then supposed to be
In the north Atlantic shipping lanes. II
was said that the Kronprnz Wilhelm car
red about 5000 tons OF coal on board.
about 1000 more than was necessary for
her ordinary run OF six days to Bremen.
Some of the war guessers at the time
said she might be going out to coal a
German cruiser off the coast.
The Suffolks report OF her, however,
told Of her doing that very thing when
tho British war vessel came upon her
suddenly and drove her and the Karlsruhe
on
1t was said yesterday that the coal
the Kronprlnz wilhelm carried would last
her about ten days sailing, She has now
been out thirteen days, and II Is be-
lleved In shipping circles that unless she
has nut In somewhere her coal must he
at least very low. II not completely run
out by this time.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
ARMOUR HELP DENIED.

CHICAGO Aug. t6.-OA1clals ~ Armour
n GO. who could be reached tonight deny
al knowledge OF report from Paris tina L
me company has agreed to lend France
SloO,oOO.ooO, TO be paid back at the CON
Nrntcnco Of the republic
u was pointed out that In view OF the
Governmental attitude toward the tenta-
tive suggestion that j, r. Morgan a. Co.
finance big French loan the Chicago
corporation would hardly risk mourning
trouble with the Administration by such
4 course
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
MORE FOOD RIOTS.
Four Prisoners Taken From Long
Island city Butcher shops.

-Four additional arrests wero made in
Long Island city Yesterday as n result OF
the meat price riots at the butcher shops
there on saturday afternoon and night.
All the prisoners were arraigncd before
bail for examination this morning. They
were:
Mrs. Tcckla Bergen OF 70 Greenpont
avenue, her husband, Joseph Bergen, OF
the same address Tony Wllkndie of IL
Greenpoint avenue and John Skonet OF
81 Grcenpoint avenue The butcher shops
were closed yesterday but they will re-
open to-day, The police fear there will
he a resumption OF the rotlng
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
NJ JOHN q. ANDERSON.

The standard OF baseball. 90 we are told.
has not improved much In the last thirty
years. Just recently Harry vsrdon made
n similar statement about golf. and his
expression cannot he passed by lightly.
n liz trre that tho Implements with which
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17

the game is played
have undergone a
great transition. and
tho evolution of the
golf ball revolution
ized the game In lis
relation TO play and
the courses. This
last In ancient hts
tory : what we would
like TO know is
whether Nardon ls
correct IN his sur
misses.
The nrst thought
that comes TO mind
is that the olden
players. with their
sticks and feather
and gutta tails, were
a
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
FARLEY PARTY CABLES.
Cardinal and Escort Are safe in
Switzerland, Says Me..ase.

Cardinal Farley is safe In Brunnen.
Switzerland. according to a cablegram re.
ceived from him late Saturday night by
Mgr Mooney. The message simply said
that the Cardinal and the three priests
who are with him. Mgr Patrick j. Hayes,
Mgr John Edwards and the Rev. DR..
Ihomas o. Carroll. secretary OF the Car
dnal. are safe. It made no mention Of
any plans for returning home
The Cardinals original plan was to
sail for New York on September on the
Kronprnzessln Cecilie
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
ROTTERDAM IS DESTITUTE.
,Drriai CdbIf Despnfch 10 Inv

NDfrln fdhTf Uesp1fcN 70 Tnv SrN-
ROTTERDAM, Aug, Rotterdam In on
tho verge OF destituion Tho situation
hero Is probably worse than IN any
great city, az Rotterdam depends
wholly on her sea carrying trade
which 10 completely paralyzed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-17
MORATORIUM IN TURKEY.

>p'c'W 'Gbie b-'Da,ch ~ Tur suN
toNsrANTlNoPLE. Aug. 1G-The Porte
has announced n moratorium Of one
month on al obligations except coupons
No announcement has been received
from Bucharest OF the declaration OF a
moratorium.