The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-11-12

piOSi dll lol q ldl sc lHSlCdoC III eiS
meat supply involves the eradica-
tion Of the cattle tick, of tubercul-
osis, and Of hog cholera. The Fed
eral Department of Agriculture in
spects meats passing into interstate
commerce. In one year it con-
demned three hundred thousand en-
tire carcasses of animals and five
hundred and sixty thousand parts
of carcasses. Of fifty-seven million
animals inspected in 1914, five hun
dred and thirty-three thousand were
found to be infected with tubercul-
osis. This disease is increasing. II
is estimated that hog cholera caused
loss in 1913 of over six million
hogs valued at more than sixty mil
lions Of dollars, and that the cattle
tick causes an annual loss of from
forty to one hundred or more mil
lions of dollars and prevents the
proper development of the livestock
industry in the infected area.
The Government is vitality inter
ested in the control and eradication
of these diseases, and for the cur
rent year appropriated more than a
million and a half dollars for this
service and for the development Of
the dairy industry and animal feed
ing and breeding, to say nothing of
the large item for meat inspection.
The most significant new piece of
legislation was the appropriation of
half million dollars for hog cho-
lera, which is being used for expert
mental and other demonstrations in
the control Of this disease and for
the inspection of serum and the pro-
lection of the farmer against i'm
potent products.
The work of tick eradication is
continued. 1t has resulted in the
clearing up and freeing of $4,000
square miles, an area exceeding that
Of Georgia, Florida, Alabama and
Mississippi combined, or as great as
that Of Germany or France. AT the
same rate, with intelligent co-opera-
ton, the remaining area, double that
Of Texas, or that of Germany and
France combined, will be free with
in fifteen years.
Assisting Dairymen.
Every effective thing that may be
done to stimulate the livestock in
terests in general will, Of necessity,
react favorably upon the great in
dustry, the dairy industry. in which
you are Immediately and specially
concerned. The importance of this
great interest the Government fully
appreciates, involving as it does the
handling Of twenty-one millions Of
cows, an annual product of approxi-
mately six hundred millions Of dol
lars in value, more than half a bill
lion pounds of butter, half billion
pounds Of condensed milk, and a
third of a billion pounds of cheese
1t Is needless for me to tell you
that dairying has made marked ad-
vance in recent years, but there is
much to be done and the Govern
ment Is making every effort to as
sist. 1t is studying how to reduce
cost and to eliminate waste, to de-
velop in those concerned careful
business habits, the keeping Of ex-
act records and the definite know
ledge each day of how their busi-
ness stands. 1t IS urging the grad
ing Of all dairy products, the elimi-
nation of waste in milk delivery
the organization of the milk supply,
the extension of cooperation in buy
ing and selling, and the extermina-
ton of disease in cows, especially
Of tuberculosis. Along these lines
lies the hope of development and
profit both to the producer and
consumer.
Within the year Congress has en-
acted a measure of even vaster
significance and greater conse-
quence. l refer to the Smith-Lever
Extension Bill, which, in my judg-
ment, Is one Of the most significant
educational measures ever adopted
by any government. 1t recognizes a
new class Of pupils-a class COM
posed of men and women working
at their daily tasks on the farm.