davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
DECREASE (! BUTTER FAT COST
Give Consideration to Cows Efficiency
a. Butter or Milk Producer
Some Good Tests.

Many farmers in the Northwest are
beginning to take up the dairy indus
try. 1t Is important at this time that
consideration be given to the Ell:
ficiency Of the COW as butter or
milk producer This Is especially true
when one is preparing to enter into
the industry. The cost of producing
milk under farm conditions from tho
COW that is poorly kept and often
unadapted to the purpose, is high.
This is true even though the feed
costs, labor and shelter costs are con-
siderably lower than where cows OF
higher production are maintained
Economy in the cost Of production
and consequent profits are most easily
obtained through using cows of high
efficiency.
This is we'll illustrated by the re-
suits as obtained from two sections
in Minnesota. In one section, group
of cows produced an average Of 1913
pounds of butter fat per year The
cost Of production. with the relatively
high feed costs that prevailed, was
2S.3 cents per pound. In the other
section, with lower feed costs but with
cows producing relatively lower
amount Of butter fat, averaging l5A
pounds per year, the cost slightly ex'
ceeded 80 cents per pound. Put In
another way, an increase in produc-
ton OF one-third reduced the cost OF
production by cents per pound. The
net profits from the cows were ma
terially increased as the cost OF OBJ
tanning the additional 4S pounds OF
butter fat in feed, labor or capital
Investment was small This is not an
extreme instance, as the economy OF
greater efficiency In production is gen.
orally recognized. Results of nearly
q years work of the Leal-Wimbledon
Testing association have shown that
the high grade dairy cow has pro-
ducing value under their conditions
OF one-half greater, while the cost Of
feed is only slightly greater. .
This is farther illustrated by two
groups of cows that were carried
through a six year period under ordi-
nary farm conditions. In the first
group, the production was relatively
low, representing approximately the
average production of the state. Un-
der this condition the average cost OF
producing milk was $1.1S per hun
dred pounds. The second group UNI
der similar conditions as to char
acter OF feed, but with somewhat
better care and better breeding,
produced Is per cent. greater prod
uct at rs per cent. lower cost, thus
making the cost of production Of milk
IS cents per hundred pounds. Illus
trations Of this kind are found IN
every dairy community.
1t is through COWS OF high efficiency
that the good dairyman secures
profits. It is not difficult with the
average herd to materially increase
its production. The first cross Of
pure bred sire upon the ordinary COW
will often give an increase of from
40 to so pounds of butter fat per an
mum. Under many Of our farm con-
ditions. this is the difference which
represents profit.-North Dakota Ex'
perimental Station.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
TOOLS FOR FARM WOOD SHOP
Implements Named will Enable the
Farmer to Do Most Any Repair
Job That Comes Up.

The Question-what tools are need
ed for wood shops often sent in.
G. l.. Tibert, instructor in wood work,
North Dakota Agricultural college, an
swers as follows:
One No. Diston 26 inch hand saw,
3 points to the inch
One No. 5 Diston % inch hand saw.
5'2 points to the inch.
One Bailey Is inch jack plane.
One Bailey rs inch jointer plane.
One Bailey 9 inch smooth plane.
One Bailey inch block plane.
One good grade steel square with
10 inch tongue.
One inch Stanley try square.
One s inch Stanley tee bevel
One pair inch bow dividers,
One pair s inch callipers.
One hand axe, 4 pounds.
One hammer, Maydole IL pounds
weight.
One each " inch, ~ inch, y inch.
n inch and n inch socket firmer chs
els.
One each IN inch and u inch out
side bevel gauges.
One only inch draw knife.
One good mallet.
One set OF Jennings bits in canvas
roll or box.
One only 10 inch sweep ratchet
brace
One Stanley screw driver 10 inch.
One Yankee automatic drill with
set of drills.
/, One timers ships, IA inches.
One grindstone.
One good oilstone.
One spokeshave.
One Stanley plumb and level, 20
inches.
One saw set, and an assortment Of
files for rip and hand saws.
There are many other items which
suggest themselves, but the above
woodworking tools will enable man
to do most any repair job that may
come up, and yet every tool named
above should be on farm, also a
good well-made tool box or cupboard
to keep tools in.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
TO MAKE FENCE POSTS LAST
In Many Cases Only Available Tim.
Der 10 cottonwood-Soak End
in Crude Petroleum,

Much fencing is being done in NortL
Dakota. In many cases the only avail.
able timber for posts is the cotton.
wood. and in some cases the willow.
Numerous inquiries come to the ex.
pertinent station as to the best method
Of using these posts. Professor Wal.
dron answered one Of these letters
as follows:
In reply to your letter of - l
will say that imagine the best treat.
ment <pr your posts will be to soak
the lower end for a distance OF two
and a half or three feet In crude pc
troleum. After this has thoroughly
soaked in the petroleum should be
burned of. holding the post over an
open flame. The effect Of this burn.
ing Is to heat the petroleum and drive
it into the cells Of the wood. That,
in connection with the charring which
comes from the burning seems to
make the posts last an almost infin.
lite period. Pine posts treated in this
manner in Wyoming were perfectly
sound at the end of 16 years. This
treatment requires practically no ap.
paratus, and Is especially desired for
one who intends to treat only few
posts.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
DEVICE FOR HOLDING SWINE
Holder Made on the Plan of Dehorn
Ina Chute Will Hold 30.Pound
Pia or 400-Pound Hog.

My hog holder is made on the pla1.
Of a dehorning chute and is the best
l have yet seen. 1t will hold 80.
pound pig or a 400-pound hog equally
we'll, at ringing time. writes w. c.
Burlington of Geuda Springs, Kan, il
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
shssp Are Flnlcal.

Sheep are very particular about the
condition Of their feed. They will not
touch hay that has been nosed by
other stock. neither will they eat
grain over which rats and mice have
.playsd. n sj5.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
To XIII Lice on hoos.

Many newly purchased hogs are
covered with vermin. Hog lice are
large and easily seen on clean white
hogs, but hard to detect on dark or
dirty skins. ......
In the summer wash and scrub we'll
with soap and warm water, then
grease with equal parts or petroleum
and lard, or buy a good liquid louise
killer and apply it according to direc-
lions. Two or more applications at
intervals of four days are usually
necessary to completely kill the lice.
In the winter, instead of greasing,
clean with stiff brush. After the
hog is treated see that the pen and
runs are thoroughly cleaned. White
wash the woodwork, put in new bed
ding and disinfectant. A sure way to
lose money on hogs is to allow them
to be eaten up with lice.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
Simple Hog Holder.

the Farmers Mail and Breeze. The
frame is made Of two by tours bolted
together at top and bottom. The
lever may be shifted at the bottom to
At large or small hogs heads. The
opening in the lever and frame, which
is closed over the hogs neck, is eight
inches from the base. The, handle is
notched at its upper end into which
short piece Of two by four catches to
hold the lever in place when an ami
NAL Is caught. This piece Is hinged
70 the frame,
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1914-04-02
sorghums ReIlshed.

4 fFts 00SSu0IHo rSISUSOs III
Sweet sorghums are moro palatable,
therefore relished better by both
horses and cattle than corn stovSf.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-02-19

helms and are daily picketing on the
streets, begging other workmen in
the sneIter to join the strike.
One woman, Mrs. Rosy Klarich,
was pursued on the streets of Rush
ton few nights ago by an armed
deputy, and fired upon when she
stumbled and fell. Mrs. Karich is
confined to her bed. Her unborn
child has probably been killed by the
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-02-19

the mayor. council, and other officers
of Rushton are all holding positions
in the big smelter, and are mere cats
paws in the hands of the Guggen-
helms.
In the face Of this utter defiance of
the company, wives of the strikers
have come forward. These women,
holding babies in their arms, and with
tiny children playing about, have &C
cepted the dare of the Guggen-
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-02-19

side is the beautiful expanse of Puget
Sound. Citizens of Tacoma are out
ragged by the atrocious attitude of the
Guggenheim interest But they are
powerless to act, because the smelter
owns Rushton! Street cars from Ia
coma reach Rushton in 35 minutes.
The boundaries of the smelter town
are the boundaries Of Tacoma.
Yet on one side of street the pub
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-02-19

tumble. And the Guggenhein inter
ests, instead of facing serious
charges, are eVading punishment
through their snelter-fnade laws. If
the child has been murdered, Mrs.
Klarich will receive paItry sum for
doctor fees, and the syndicate will go
on smelling copper and gold and sill
yer. -.a..-
Rushton is bounded on three sides
by the city of Tacoma. On the fourth
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-02-19

Birdseye Rushon. Upper right
Karc who shot armed guards the ouggenhe
thugrued Rushton Upper Rece
strikers jailed several times under
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
PRIDE OF GALLANT NATION

be hard to say which showed the
greater skill in surprising and cap.
turing British detachments and after.
ward eluding pursuit. De la Rey had
more solid achievements to his credit,
among them Klerksdorp where Lord
Methuen, sorely wounded, fell into his
hands and was released so that he
could obtain medical treatment.
All three of these able soldiers
aided the British in the reconstruc
tion Of South Africa. De la Rey Wis.
tied India in 1903 to persuade the
Boer prisoners detained at Ahmed.
nagar to take the oath of allegiance.
He was returned unopposed to the
first Transvaal parliament of the
union. OF the Boer leaders none had
a more attractive personality. 1t was
a fine race Of people that could pro.
duce such soldiers and statesmen. and
never was there stronger proof of the
excellence of British administration in
our times than the winning of Botha,
De la Rey and De Wet to the new
order in South Africa The empire
has known no more loyal citizens
New York Sun.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30

living room, a splendid dining room
and a kitchen downstairs, and they
are all well arranged, both for looks
and convenience, and 4 very neat stair
way makes connection with the cellar,
kitchen, living room and upstairs and
does it without eating very much into
the space required for the rooms.
For some reason farmers have new
ar paid much attention to the houses
built for help, and the universal howl
from all parts of the country Is that
good men will not work on farms
When you look into some of the
houses they are expected to live in
you can readily see why. 1t costs
very little more to build q house like
this planned with conveniences and
made attractive both outside and in,
than to put up an awkward-looking
shack that any seIf-respecting woman
would be ashamed to live in. II
woman is discontented the man is
almost absolutely certain to look for
another job before very long.
When the farmer in question got
this beautiful little cottage finished
he happened to meet the very man
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30

he wanted to hire and drove with him
to see it. Under pretense of engaging
him to fix up the garden around the
new house and plant it with flowers,
currant bushes, rhubarb roots and a
few other easy-growing staples that
every good farm garden contains, he
got the man very much interested in
the little house.
After the farmer drove away the
man went through the house and in
spected it carefully from the cellar
to the roof He found the neatest,
prettiest little home he had ever
seen. 1t was nicely finished, well
painted and neatly papered with good
paper having colors that matched
properly and looked well together
He found two light comfortable bed
rooms and he found a bathroom that
would be credit to a good deal more
expensive dwelling. There was cop
per tank in the top of the bathroom
which was connected with the clstern
by force pump placed in the cellar
where it would not freeze or be like
ly to get out Of order.
Without saying anything to the boss
he brought his wife over the next
morning, which was just what the
owner of the premises expected. and
he made it convenient to happen
along that way while she was there,
to consult with the man about lev
cling the ground and laying it out to
the best advantage. OF course he was
very much surprised to ind Mrs. Man
there. but he improved the opportu-
nifty to ask her opinion about the win
dow shades and few minor details.
when she laughingly told him that
she would like to live in just such
house herself. After that nego-
tiations with the man he wanted we're
easy.
saw him about a year afterward.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
Woman Raises Rodents.

A correspondent of Table Talk"
tells OF a Massachusetts woman who
makes a good living as breeder Of
rats, dancing mice and guinea pigs.
The idea was first started by the
purchase of a pair of the mice for her
own amusement. They we're very
prolific, and while at first she gave
away the young, when she found
there was a good market for them
she began to find more orders than
she could fill.
With an invalid mother and in poor
health herself, the necessity for earn
ing a livelihood faced her and she de-
cided to announce herself a breeder
of fancy mice. After while she was
asked so often to supply rats and
guinea pigs for medical laboratory
use that she had to engage house
keeper to run her home while she
looked after her unique kennels.
This woman, Miss Lathrop, now en-
ploys several men to run her farm
to raise crops, the greater amount of
which go to feed her rats, mice and
guinea pigs.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30

able array OF pTickles, il looks a de
cidedly dangerous customer One is
relieved to learn that it's tastes are
exclusively vegetarian.
The vast majority of the hymenop-
terra (the ants, bees. wasps and their
relatiyes) are comparatively small in
sects, but among the solitary
spiderkilling wasps CPompilldae) we
find some notable exceptions. Some
Of these giants measure two inches or
more from head to tail, and withal
are exceptionally strong and vigorous
insects. The largest species are found
In South America, where they deal
death and destruction to the spider
population. Even the formidable
bird-eating spider-a grim and hairy
monster with fearsome fangs-is at
tackled and destroyed. 1t should be
noted that these wasps do not them
selves eat the spiders that they kill,
but store them away in cunningly con-
trived nests for the benefit OF their
young. Our little Pompilus viatious
unfortunately 1t has no popular
name) behaves in precisely the same
way, but naturally chooses spiders
to its own size Even
in this instance, however, the spider
is usually several times heavier than
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
HE CAUGHT HUERTA GR0UCHY
Spanish Newspaper Man Retreated
From an Interview Under a
Shower Of Osths.

Following is literal translation of a
news story in La Gaceta del Norte, a
Balboa (Spain) morning paper, tele,
phoned from Santander by fits "owu
correspondent:
THE local reporters today august
27) called on General Huerta, ex,
president of the republic of Mexico.
Questioned by the newspapermen, he
refused to say anything about recent
happenings in Mexico. Asked concern.
ing the department of Spaniards in
Mexico during his rule, he replied that
they had conducted themselves exceed.
ingly we'll
Upon the reporters intimating to
Huerta that the Spaniards in Mexico
had not received much consideration
from him as president of the republic,
the ex-president became terribly angry
and let out string of oaths and vile
words.
"Whereupon your correspondent,
protesting, abandoned the interview.
The other reporters likewise con-
demned the actions and manners Of
Huerta.
The Mexican consul has made apollo.
gies, begging that the Incorporate i'm.
petuoslty of General Huerta be over.
looked"
General Huerta and family have now
gone to Cadiz.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30

work instead Of depending so much on
hand labor.
The projections for the wide win
dows in the dining room and living
room are built up with the frame
work and the labor is very little more.
OF course you cannot add an extra
foot to any part of a room without
costing something, but it Is quite
possible to put on extensions Of this
kind that are worth a dozen times
their extra cost. 1t marks the differ.
ence between well-planned, well-built
dwelling and the slipshod affairs that
are altogether too common.
A little house like this containing
five rooms with the steep roof, neat
gable ends and fashionable front
porch is an ornament to a village lot
as well as the farm. 1t contains a
great deal of convenience in proper
tion to its size, and there are no small
uncomfortable little rooms such as we
find in most small low-cost houses.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
poqs In Hot Countries.

Dogs, probably the earliest of do
mesticated animals, when transferred
to a tropical country, such as central
Africa, lose in a few generations most
of the characteristics they have ac-
quired in Europe, and revert more and
more to the type of the jackal and the
wolf. Then their ears, whatever their
breed, tend to become pointed, their
coats turn sandy or rufous, and their
bark becomes howl. Some attempt
has been made to show that this is the
result of disease and resembles the
effect Of malaria on the human con-
stitution. Yet the Egyptian dog OF
Pharaonic times possessed, as is seen
by the monuments. these very eharac-
teristics; and as he was certainly do
mesticated before the European ami
NAL. it is probable that these are ORR
ginal features of the race.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30

the wasp itself For these "dwarls"
of the insect world are by no means
weaklings, but on the contrary, possess
marvellous muscular force and what
certainly is a well-nigh inexhaustible
fund of energy.
Probably most insects are stronger,
and more enduring, in proportion to
their size, than any of the higher ami
mails. They are always active, and
apparently quite beyond the reach Of
fatigue while life lasts. But ceaseless
rapid movement imposes a serious ta1
upon the machinery. Consequently We
find that the insect is almost always
short-lived. 1t is said that the worker
hive bee literally wears herself out,
and dies, after a few weeks Of toll
for the benefit Of the commonwealth
in which she plays this brief part.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
Three 5oer Leaders, as Famous il
Craftsmanship as They Were
in War.

Gen. Jacobus Hendrix de la Rey,
who was accidentally shot and killed
by johannesburg police, will be
| mourned by many a British officer
now serving at the front Knightly
was a term worthily applied to Gen.
de la Rey in the Boer war A
braver, gentler, more magnanimous
soldier never faced an enemy. His
countrymen called him the lion Of
the western Transyaal. Englishmen
said that he was one of the three
military geniuses among the heroic
burghers whose defense Of their coun-
try compelled England to put 100000
men in the field. The other great
soldiers who won fame in the Boer
war by their brilliant tactics we're
Louis Botha, now premier Of the
Union of South Africa, and Christian
Rudolf de Wet, who is minister of ag-
riculture of the Orange River colony.
Louis BOtha. the youngest of the
three, born in 1862, commanded the
Beers at the battles of Colenso and
Spion Kop, and upon the death of
Petrus Joubert ga soldier and a gen
tleman and brave and honorable op-
ponent" in the words of Ladysmiths
defender, Sir George White) succeed
ed to the command of the Trans
vaal forces. De Wet and De la Rey,
the latter the older, were fighting
men of the same type, and it would
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-30
ROMANTIC OLD ARRAS
NO MORE PICTURESQUE. CITY TO
BE SEEN IN FRANCE.
Has Seen Much Of French History In
the Making and Is Today a Com
merelal Point Of I'm.
portanoe.

The picturesque old city OF Arras
where the Franco-British forces con
centrated In huge numbers to checH
the German advance, and where the
British fell back after the Germans
occupied Cambria, must have walked
up and rubbed its antique eyes TO SEE
its Quondam foes within its gates af
allies OF its beloved country. Fol
Arras was within the triangle over
which the English fought In the
fifteenth century.
The base OF the triangle was the
sea line from Harieur to Calais, and
the apex was Paris This is also the
ground over which some OF the
fiercest battles OF the present war
ragged
For thirty years the English battled
until nothing was left Of their French
territory except the Norman isles
and the newer conquest OF Calais and
fits small territory At last. in 1885,
at the peace OF Arras, Philip OF Bur
gundy "solemnly" forsook the English
alliance, and the English power In
France fell back.
This old town, which dates back TO
the time of Caesar, Is 100 miles north
east from Paris, and has population
of something like 25,0OO people
While 1t is most painful to think oil
this once great art center as an In
dustrial place, one must, when he re-
calls the oil works, dye works, brew
cries and the manufactures Of hos
iery, lace, beet sugar. soap and earth
enware, which make It today twenti-
eth century commercial town.
However. its glory cannot depart
while the beautiful townhouse, dating
from the sixteenth century, the cita-
del partly gone. erected by Nauban'
marshal of France and the greatest
military engineer of the seventeenth
century, and the tall, imposing houses
in the Flemish style overlooking the
fine squares, with the upper stories
projecting over the footway, remain
These topheavy looking houses
were built in a time when mans
house was indeed his castle, and the
projecting upper stories were used to
wage warfare on the enemy In the
narrow street below The modern
armies with their wonderful and nu-
merous equipment Of war must often
find it difficult to get through these
narrow streets in the old towns or
France and Germany. They are bet
ter suited to the time when men
fought hand to hand, and warfare was
a matter Of individual bravery.
That wonderful tapestry in the
Anglers cathedral, which represents
scenes from the Apocalypse, was
made in Arras, and some Of the finest
pieces used in the decorations Of the
field of the cloth Of gold.
Robespierre, the most famous and
fanatical of the republican leaders Of
the French revolution, was born there
In 1858. and later became a criminal
Judge and a member of the academy.
He was one of the dandies and beaux
Of Arras, setting the fashion in clothes,
and astonishing the most exquisite
with the richness of his laces and
dress. This is difficult to believe
when ones vision of him is always in
he bonnet rouge of the reyolutionist,
standing, with impassioned eloquence,
the people.