The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-01
HOW WIRELESS IS BEING USED
ON EUROPE'S BATTLEEIEI DS
Messages Sent From Aeroplanes Aid Troops in Finding
the Range-Aerogram Sent Many Miles From Top
of Forty-Foot Mast

ndno Tor the sending SCI
me last named is supposed to be
tuIheu by large handle by two men.
Wnen II generates the required cleo
,rlc1ty. or else it is mounted on a sort
ol bicycle frame and a man sits above
= dnu turns 1t with his feet by means
= Pedals. The mast. when erected. i
ABOUT forty feet in height. 1t is made
III sections, each section about four
feet long, and these are pointed TO-
Sether ike a fishing pole.
How Sections Are Set IN.
70 set 1T up the sections are laid out
on the ground~and put together. hen
guy ropes are attached to IT'S uDper
END along with the wires of the an
tenna. the base of the mast is held in
place and the whole is appraised and
neld IN position by men hauling on
the guy ropes. 1t usually takes one
offlcer and our men to do this.
Inc DoX containing the sending and
receiving sets Is placed on the ground.
the antenna and dynamo are connect
ed TO the sending set and in a few
minutes the little wireless station is
LII running order. Communication
l with the stations is carried on by
means of the ordinary telegraph code.
winch consists of dots and dashes.
EVery wireless station possesses a
certain "calF', just like a telephone
number; to get into communication
with any desired station, all the oper-
atOr has to do is to send out the cali
OF that station. when the latter Will
answer "Ay, ay,' and he is ready to
converse with the calling station. The
hummer OF stations a given wireless
station can speak to is limited only by
the poWerfulness Of the latter.
A small pack set can usually com
munlcate with any other equal set
over a distance of about twenty-five
miles, in any direction.
For communication over longer
distances, say, fifty miles, what is
known as a cart set is used. Here
the wireless sets are mounted on a
cart and the dynamo is run by a gaso-
line engine. The cart is drawn by
horses, and typical European cart sets
are shown in some of the photo
5 praphS. These sets are much more
powerful than those of the pack
variety and take a little longer to pu
up.
Must Be Powerful.
: To get some idea of how powerful.
a wireless set must be to communi-
2 cate any given distance it may be
stated that it takes about two horse
power to transmit over 100 miles.
A third type Of set hat is gaining
S rapid favor is the automobile set. II
: these the dynamo for the sending Sc
I is driven by the engine of the auto
iIODlle. IIlS 10 q IcdNl1y Oulll dIll
o powerful machine, capable Of travel
ing over open country. AS shown il
one of the photographs Of a Belgian
automobile station it sometimes il
n used to haul carts behind it which
carry the mast sections for the an
tenna maStS.
d Often everything is carried on tn
machine and the sets are built di
rectly into the ear. Automobile sta
# tons are the most powerful of all an
,e have a communication range of 20
" or 250 miles. They are used as cen
a trail stations or as field headquarters
o for the general staff of the army an
# are arranged to operate with the pacI
a or cart sets carried by the variOu
X regiments scattered over a consider
able area; for, it must be remember
,s ed that the German army is toda
stretched out over a line 25O mile
in length, and it is largely by mean
of wireless biography that operation
as over this vast battle line are carrie
es on.
,r Two Kinds of Airship Sets.
n AirShip sets are Of two kindS-thos
for use on a%eroplanes and those &c
use on the large diriSibles, the "ZeI
p~elinS," as they are called IN Gel
ct many. Especially. they are the sam
a in construction, being of small Ver
light and compact machinery. Th
Id motor that drives the dlISHlp Is use
of to also drive the dynamo of the wire
IA less set. 1t will be remembered tn;
I'd in military sets a mast was always
IN necessary adjunct, to uphold the al
tenna wires. In an airShip the anteI
ma wire is reeled out on a large VINE
and is let out and allowed to hang %
all low the airship when
N. is desired.
er In an aerOplane only two men a.
ck needed: one to run the aerOplane al
be keep it out of the range of poSslb
airship guns from the enemy belo'
cir and the other TO WORK the Wiz
cot S1ch sets can communicate Ov'
,rs about fifty miles with a cart-tyl
Ii military station. Thus 1t Will be SET
on how easy it was for the Belslans.
e. the battle Of LieSe, to SEND up the
as aeroplanes, which, from hlSh up
the air located the German reg11neh
ITS and telegraphed their positions pa'
TO- to the forts.