davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

Tulip buds that are expected to
brighten the lawn in the early spring
must be planted in the late fall after
heavy frosts or light freezes have
checked vegetation. In this locality
they should be planted about the
first week in November. These
plants are adapted to out-of-door
culture in all parts of the United
States where the weather is cold
enough to freeze the soil for a few
weeks in the winter and they should
be planted about a month before the
ground is liable to freeze up Other
Holland bulbs such as hyacinth
and narcissus should be planted at
the same time as the tulip.
The United States Department of
Agriculture's specialist considers
that tulips are most appropriately
planted among shrubbery where
they may be naturalized or where
they may remain permanently. In
general they are used to advantage
in formal beds or in borders on the
lawn.
The best soil for the tulip is a
light, loamy soil. The soil should
be we'll drained and sand is
better than clay. In clay soils
it is desirable to set the bulbs
IN layer OF SaHu, " IN
sure drainage, while in very heavy
soils the sand should completely sur
round them. They do best in a rich
soil, but manure should not come in
contact with the bulbs. 1t is best
applied to a previous crop. When
fertilization is necessary at the time
of planting, well-rotted manure
compost should be used. The soil
should be put in excellent condition.
Tulips should be set four inches
deep, while hyacinths and narcissi
should be set six inches, in all cases
measuring to the bottom of the bulbs.
Care should be taken to have the
bulbs of any variety of a uniform size
and to set them at uniform depth,
as on this depends uniformity in time
of blooming.
AS soon as the surface of the ground
freezes to q depth of two or three
inches, the bed should be covered with
coarse manure to prevent alternate
freezing and thawing and also to pre-
vent freezing below the bottom of the
bulbs and so prevent the formation
of roots during the winter. AS soon
as freezing weather is over in the
spring the mulch should be removed,
at least the coarser part of 1t.
After blooming the naturalized
paintings need no further attention
except when replanting becomes
necessary. which in the case Of tulips
would be in about three years, and
of the other bulbs about five. Bedded
bulbs should be left as long as possi-
BILE before digging SO as to ripen them.
They are ready when the foliage be-
gins TO die. If necessary to dig be-
fore ripe they will deteriorate more
rapidly than il well ripened. After
digging, dry in the sun until the tops
are well cured, take off all the leaves,
store on shallow trays, where mice
and rats will not trouble, till the fol-
lowing autumn.
Bulbs May Be Raised Indoors.
Not only are tulips and other bulb
Gus plants attractive around the lawn
in early spring, but they are also most
satisfactory for indoor culture during
the winter. They should be used in
separate pots rather than in window
boxes. Holland bulbs, such as the
narcissus, tulip and hyacinth, are
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

north as Canada. All these classes
dc well in New Jersey near the sea
when proper care is given them.
These varieties should be treated as
follows:
Cut the tops to within 80 inches
Of the ground. Cover the roots with
coarse manure or leaves or similar
litter Hold this in place by brush,
which also acts as protection.
Evergreen boughs may be substi-
tuted for the eoarser litter except in
the most northern regions.
1t is best to draw mounds of earth
about six or eight inches in height
about the base of the rose bushes
to keep them from mice. In some 10
calities the loose brush around the
roots will attract mice, who will
make their winter quarters there and
destroy the rose bushes. AS an added
protection against mice, permit the
ground to freeze slightly, before win
ter protection is supplied In fact,
roses should not be protected until
after the first light freeze.
Climbing roses usually need no pro-
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

To stimulate the growth of lawn
and to improve its appearance for
the following spring no better treat
ment can be recommended than the
application of properly rotted manure
in the late fall, according to the
United States department of agricul-
lures specialist. This application
should not be made until after the
frosts have stopped the growth of the
grass. Ten to twenty-two-horse loads
should be applied to the acre, accord
ing as the soil is more or less rich.
1t is most important that the ma
nure should be thoroughly rotted be-
fore application SO that all weed
seeds are killed, otherwise dam
age done by weeds will moro than
offset the fertilizing value of
the application. Manure really
needs careful handling before 1T is
suited for spreading over the lawn.
Unless 1t is properly "composted' 1t
may have most of its valuable constit-
uents destroyed by improper han
ding. To compost" manure prop
erfy it should be treated as follows:
Pile all manure in heaps with al
ternate layers of sod or other litter.
Keep it wet enough so 1t will not
burn. Let 1t stand whole year
through summer and winter. forking
It over two or three times during the
year. Il will then be ready for use
on the lawns and danger from weed
seeds will be minimized.
Ground Bone Meal and Wood Ashes
MANY people object to the use of
manure at all, not only because OF
the danger from weed seeds, but be-
cause of its unsightly and insanitary
appearance. These win undoubtedly
| prefer to use something else. and the
most economical substitute is finely
ground bone or bone meal. This
should be applied at the rate Of from
500 pounds to one ton per acre. ac-
cording as the ground Is more or less
rich. It should cost between $25 and
$50 a ton. tel
with the bone meal 1t is desirable
to use double the quantity Of wood
ashes. These ashes contain consider
able lime In a very desirable form, a.
well as other valuable elements. How
ever. they are apt to be more or less
costly.
! Ordinary muriate of potash would
be found more economical than
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

Last summer all our plants-roses,
sweet peas and shrubs--were prac-
tically ruined by aphids. Can you
give me a remedy for them?
Belleville H. d. w.
A little soapsuds Will hold tho
aphids in check. The best way to
make it is to dissolve one-half cake
of Ivory soap in a gallon of water,
and when it is thoroughly dissolved,
put it on the plants with any kind of
spraying apparatus; the finer the
spray the better. Kerosene emulsion
is also very efficacious. This can be
bought already prepared or you can
make 1t as follows: One-half pound
of hard soap, two gallons of kerosene.
one gallon of water. The soap
should be dissolved in boiling water
and the kerosene then mixed in by
stirring. The best way to do this. IL
you have a bucket pump, Is to put
the end of II into the vessel contain
ing the solution, and also put the
hose into the vessel, pumping the So
luton through and through the
pump. For use, dilut the emulsion
by adding fifteen to twenty parts Of
gater.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

trimmed in the fall. This process is
timely Immediately after the bloom
ing period, if this is in the spring, as
in the case of the SNOWFALL. If the
shrubs bloom in the fall, as do some
hydrangeas, the rose of Sharon, and
some lilacs, they should not be cut
directly after blooming, but in the
spring of the following year
The mock orange, which is also
known as "syringa," needs no special
treatment to help it winter the Sc
we're weather. The name Syringe"
although popularity applied to the
mock orange, is really more appro-
pirate for the lilac, which is known
botanically by that designation,
while the mock orange is botanical
~ "Philadelphus."
Some roses, as the sbriar and rugo-
sa. need no protection, but other va
rieties, such as the hybrid-perpetuals
teas and hybrid teas, need special
care, particularly north of the for
tieth parallel Although teas and hy-
brid-teas hardly succeed in Chicago,
the hybrid perpetuals grow as far
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

and day to meet the interest, with
out being able to reduce the princi-
pal. These instances could be multi.
piled almost Indefinitely.
I'm purchasing farm great care
should be taken to get good farm
at fair price. To pay or agree to
pay more than the farm is worth IN
to invite failure. From a business
standpoint no farm that does not
pay interest on the total investment
depreciation on equipment, and wages
for all labor performed on that farm
is successful.
Even when great care is taken in
making the investment only in ex-
ceptional cases should the city bred
family attempt farming. Generally
the best advice that can be given
to the city bred man who desires
to become a farmer Is that before
purchasing farm he work as a
farmland for two or three years.
This will give him an opportunity to
learn at first hand many things
about the business, as well as the
practical side of farming. In no
other way, as rule, can he get good
farm training and experience at less
trouble and expense or without
danger from financial disaster"
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
BUY YOUR SEEDS EARLY; NEXT
YEARS SUPPLY WILL BE SHORT

to whether certain seeds can be af-
forded. More than ever, low grade
seed and substitutions of undesira BILE
seed are to be expected.
For these reasons it is more i'm
portant than ever that the farmers
Of New Jersey buy their seed early
in the season. It Is not too early
now Early buying will meen a
choice of better quality and proba-
bly, better prices. 1t will also mean
that purchase can be made according
to experiment station test. Late
buying does not always permit of this
protection. Bulletin 266, Of the New
Jersey experiment station, mailed
free to anyone requesting IL, con-
tains information as to the use of
the seed laboratory at this station,
which gives free service to the resi-
dents Of this State. The stations
address Is New Brunswick, ". ].
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

While lilacs, snowballs and certain
other shrubs should be let alone dur
ing the winter, being neither trimmed
nor covered with straw and manure,
other bushes need special attention.
Hydrangeas-Hy semi
herbaceous) in the south will last out
the winter if properly cared for out
of-doors. The tops should be pro-
tected with straw or brush. This may
be held in place about the bushes
with manure or stones. The flower
buds of the hydrangea form in the
fall, and this cover will keep them
from winter killing while shielding
the bush from winds and sun. In the
north hydrangeas must be taken up,
planted in tubs and placed in the eel
lar.
The shrub known as brugmansia
should be treated as is the hydrangea.
The brugmansia (known botanically
as datura) is also called thorn apple.
1t is a cultivated form of Unison weed
and has long bell-shaped white flow
ers and rather coarse foliage.
AS a rule shrubs should not be
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

lection during the winter unless they
are a particularly tender variety.
Farther north these roses need pro-
lection similar to that given to the
tea and hybrid-tea roses.
Climbing roses may be best cared
for by being removed from their
supports. The branches should then
be covered over with little dirt and
treated as hybrid-perpetual roses
would be treated. A little fall trim
mingh might be desirable to lessen
the space occupied by the branches
on the ground. Such side branches
as are not to be needed for next sea-
sons blooming may be cut off, Such
cutting off and shortening of the
ends as would otherwise be done IN
the spring, may be done in the fall
before covering, merely for conve-
nience.
The above method is much more
satisfactory than attempting to put
straw. about the roses as they remain
on their posts or trellises.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
THE COUNTRY CALENDAR
Practical Hints About Things to Do at This Season in Garden
and Greenhouse, the Orchard and the Poultry Yard.

The COW that is a small eater and a
SHY drinker" is always a robber In
a dairy herd.
The sire should always be thor
oughbred. In this way a profitable
herd can be developed
A high-class bull calf can be found
at this time of year at reasonable
price. Get one with dairy inherit
lance on both sides.
Wrap the standard and tea roses in
straw jackets or bend the standards
over and cover them with soil.
Rake leaves In around rhododen-
drons, cedars and other evergreens.
Burlap or cover newly-planted spec
linens or erect a screen of pine boughe
or rough boards around them.
Cover the English ivy on the north
side of the house.
Every successful dairyman raises his
heifer calves to reinforce or enlarge
his dairy
Fork a little manure into all the
perennial beds and borders carefully
and not too deep. Later you can scat
ter handfuls of leaves and litter as
the temperature falls.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

Farmers of the United States are
dependent upon foreign countries for
quite large proportion of the seed
they SOW. In 1913 grass and clover
seeds were imported to the extent of
46, 700 900 pounds. having an estimated
value of 81, 150, 600
The countries involved in the pres
ent European conflict have been the
source of much OF this imported seed
in the past. Present conditions make
IL extremely difficult to harvest the
seed crop and practically impossible
10 ship it out of those countries. This
fact and the very poor yields OF
seed In some sections of our own
country will greatly decrease the
available supply for the coming year
at least. High prices will be in or
der for most crop seeds, so that in
some cases 1t will be a question as
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
Evergreen Vines.

l have a stone house that l wish
to cover with vines. What is the
best vine to plant? M. j. C.
Newark.
Euonymus radicans is perfectly
hardy vine and will grow on all sides
of the building without any trouble.
1t is slow grower, however. OF the
deciduous vines the so-called Boston
ivy is probably the best, and a close
second is Ampelopsis Engelmanni,
with its highly colored autumnal
foliage. Both of these will cling to
the walls
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
ASK "THE QUESTION BOX"
What You Want to Know About Gardening Poultry and COu
try Problems Answered by Experts.

This service
is
address, Initials
of the plant and eaves)
wakN.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

I have a lot which has been neglect
ed for years, and is consequently COW
cred with a dense growth of saplings,
birch mostly, of from five to seven
feet high. How can l best remove
them, so as to be able to treat and
use this land for pasturage2
Millburn. G. IL. a.
birch-brush land is TO cut off all the
growth now or some time this VIM
ter. Next summer, as the stumps
commence to sprout, knock them off
or cut them off with brush hook
or scythe. 1t will take probably only
one summer to kill the birch trees.
Birch stumps rot quickly, SO that
.sou need not bother about pulling
them out. The land may not need
seeding, for perhaps the ground is
sufficiently well seeded now with
natural grasses that are nutritious
and palatable to the cattle. This, of
course. cannot tell without seeing
the land.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

Would Japanese barberry hedge
look well as finish to a front lawn
at the top of high stone wall?
Orange. H. T. c.
This suggestion sounds feasible, but
We could not give any decided opin-
ion without seeing a photograph of
the place, showing the proposed site
of the hedge. together with the view
TO and from the house or other view
point.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
The Apple Aphid.

have two dozen young Baldwin
apple trees. planted in spring of 1913.
Last summer they were covered with
tiny insects on the bottom Of the
leaves, and ] thought they would all
die but late in the summer new leaves
came out. Kindly tell me what they
were, and a preventive. H. S. n.
Caldwell
From your description, the insects
which troubled your apple trees last
year was the apple aphid. If you spray
these trees any time during the win
ter while they are dormant, with
lime-sulphur wash (either homemade
or bought), you will kill a great many
eggs of the aphids, which are laid on
the bark of the branches and twigs
There are at least two good lime
sulphur washes on the market, which
you can undoubtedly secure from a
local scotsman. These are just as
ef11cacious as the home made product
and, If you have only q few trees to
spray, 1t would be cheaper for You to
use these than to make q lime
sulphur wash yourself. The soluble
OILS viii also give you good results
IN destroying the eggs of the aphids
curing the winter In using either Of
these compounds you will have the
Jose scale which happens to be on the
trees, and you undoubtedly know that
this is the worst insect we have here
IN the East at the present time. Dur
ing the summer time these winter
sprayings should be supplemented
with applications of kerosene emul-
sion or a solution of whaleoil soap.
Muskrat determination.
My pond is afflicted with muskrats
1 have done everything possible to
avoid them. excepting the sinking of
wire. Have you any suggestion to
make, SO that I can relieve my low.
lands of these pests? What is a good
pook on water lilies? A. c. H.
Waldwick
The best way to get rid of the musk
rat is by trapping. Some people en-
ploy professional trappers; others adj
Vertise a price per head for each an
lmal caught on the premises among
the young fry of the community and
give them permission to set their
traps where they see fit. Use a steel
trap and set ii to one side Of the en-
trance to the muskrat's hole. There
Is less chance of catching the musk
rat If it is in the centre. Shooting
with small-calibre rifle may also be
resorted to. But not all the musk
rats will be caught by these two
methods. James Quincy, superin-
tendent of Tower Grove park. ST.
Louis, Mo-, has found that a safe
means of protecting the roots of
nymphaeas and nelumbiums is to
place them in large shallow boxes.
SKI feet deep, placing Stats two inches
apart over the top. The leaf and
flower stalks can grow up through the
spaces, but the muskrat cannot get
in. We suggest that You get Water
Lilies and How to Grow Them" pub
llshed by Doubleday. Page & Co. New
YORK, price S1.1 postpaid, or THE
Book of Water Gardening, by the
A. T. DeLamare Printing and pub
fishing Company, New York. price
$3.50.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

Please tell me of what the antisep-
tic wash used when repairing old
trees Is composed. A. NJ. G.
Newark.
The antiseptic which is used on
trees before filing with concrete may
be anything which viii kill germs,
like weak solution of corrosive sub.
Innate, say one part of corrosive sub
Innate TO three OF four thousand of
water You can get little tablets at
the drug store, which will give you,
when put into a pint of water, q solu-
ton of 1-25OO Copper sulphate (blue-
stone) is also sometimes used for this
purpose; one pound to ten gallons Of
water would be sufficient.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
Evaporation of Water.


/ should like to inquire as to the
amount of water lost by evaporation
from a five-acre lake. am planning
an artificial lake that will be fed by
a stream, which in summer has only
enough water to fill four-inch
pipe. H, Z. McC.
Elizabeth.
A four-inch pipe will deliver more
water to the pond than evaporation
VIII carry off The experiments on
the Chestnut Hill reservoir, at Bos-
ton, and the Mt. Hope reservoir, at
Rochester N. Y, showed that from
five to six inches of water ii. e., the
top five OF six inches) per month
was evaporated during the summer
months. 1t will be very easy mat
ter for you to compute the amount
Of water which this stream will de-
liver to the pond during the dry sea-
son. and also the amount of evapor-
alton during the month, and the diff
ference will tell you whether there
will be sufficient water or not.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07
nenartment of Arriculture,s PublleatIons.

Will you kindly tell me to whom I
shall apply for TIE department of ag-
riculture's publications, or list of
the same? B. A. d.
Newark.
The department OF agriculture is
sues each month a list of all the bull
telins, circulars, reports, etc, that
have been published during the pre-
vious month. giving the price of such
that must be paid for. This list will
be sent you regularly if you make APP
plieation for 1t to the secretary of ag-
riealtnre, Washington. D. C. The pub
hcations of the United States depart
ment of agriculture are divided into
two general classes:
5 1. Those that are distributed free OF
charge, such as the farmers bulletins
and the circulars that are issued by
the various departments.
2. The bulletins that are issued by
the various bureaus and departments.
OF which a limited edition only is
printed, and for which a nominal
charge is made, to cover the cost of
printing.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-11-07

I have a lot sOx1OO feet, the soil of
which Is wet in spring and fail.
Nothing grew more than six inches
high but sunflowers and morning
glories. What shall do to it? There
are some big trees on 1t. W. j. NJ.
Nutley.
The first thing necessary to make
the land productive is to drain 1t.
This is absolutely necessary. To
drain off the surplus water, a ditch
could be dug from the lowest point
In the lot: but the better way, if
you will not have trouble with
your neighbors. is to tile-drain it.
Rows of tile drains, twenty to thirty
feet apart and leading to the low
point of the land. should be put in.
These should be about two-inch tile.
A three-ineh tile should be put in 20
carry away the water the smaller
tiles collect. Get from your library
Irrigation and Drainage by King.
A small amount of lime would be
benefieial-one to two barrels on your
piece of ground would be sufficient.
Bisbee daily review., 1914-12-27

their parent country at once turned to joy.
 Plans were made in New York for a celebration and illumination on Washington's Birthday. Feb %, but owing to a severe snowstorm the festivities were postponed until Feb. 27 John Jacob Astor illuminated his mansion, which stood where the As tor House. big hotel. was later erected. City Hall, which had recent ly been opened. presented a glorious appearance. Figure to yourself the most magnificent building in the United States in one blaze of light, from basement to the top of the cu- pola, an arranged with taste and in perfect order. and you have a faint conception of the reality. wrote a New York editor The Shakespeare Tavern. kept by the famous actor, Hophnson. showed figures of Colum. bic and Brittania shaking hands. This peace celebration was long re. membered in Ne wYork, for nothing so elaborate had ever been done be- fore