davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1914-08-21
Diseases Play Havoc With
Mississippi Hogs.

Disease caused the swine breeders
OF Mississippi 70 lose $4,000 hogs,
valued at tl, ,2s8, 900 last year, accord
log to report which has just been
issued by the Department OF Agficul
ture.
This l. sn average death rate OF l04
per 1000 head. During 1919 the ratio
was 15l per 1000 bead and q total Of
22s, 300 head we're lost. The latest
Census Reports, which are dated jan
uary /, 1914, shows that there are
I, 4o7, 900 head OF hogs 10 Mississippi
aud they are valued at Oil, i,sS5,0OO, or
1910 per bead.
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1914-08-21
Why Not Tag Mississippi
Bachelors?

A great many State legislatures
have given consideration to bills
taxing bachelors and many convinc-
ing arguments have been presented
why men who escape matrimony
should pay penalty, but why not
tag them as a more painless and eff
fective method Of extermination' If
the bachelors were tagged the
widows could easily find them and
Cupid would do the rest. The
bachelor is naturally timid, but
under the encouraging influences OF
a merry widow he can easily be led
to the altar, for there is no more
helpless craft afloat than a lovesick
swain who has passed the age Of
discretion, and the little imp thai
plays ping pong with human hearts
has no more capable ally than
woman who loves at second sight
for experience makes Cupid subtle
and bold.
The women have tag days to pro
mote most every other public enter
prise, and why not a tag day TO
bacheIors1 We have in Mississippi
approximately fifty thousand bach
eIors and an equal number Q
widows. Why not get them to
gether and solve two vexatiou
problems with one marriage license
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1914-08-21

have in late years furnished much
.ot the worlds supply Of antimony.
which is used IN making type metal,
and also incidentally. War has
.plnly1etthe production Of anumony
.n England Cat Newcls,le). and
prices have gone w. Antimony, how
ever, is easily extracted from many
low grade ores which we have In
great quantities in at least seven
States, and there is no reason Why
we should not make this extraction
and be Independent Of other coun-
tries, both as to supply and prices,
Similar conditions hold in the case
Of arsenic.
A large tonnage Of ferromangan.
ese alloys comes from Germany anj
England. II is only IN the last ten
years that We have freed ourselves
from SiciB's monopollslic control OF
the Sulphur supply. Flint pebbles
are common and the supply larpe
enough in the Uuited States, but
Tor such an apparently unimporant
product as thes In the fine grinding
OF cement and ores. we have been
depending uron the chalk cliffs Of
England, Denmark and France.
Ores and mineral freight depend al.
most wholly upon the tramp steamer,
a carrier Of foreign plrentage. Now
the tramp steamer has taken to
cover, and all kinds Of ocean freight,
especially low grade freight, will be
held 10 and its carriage almost en-.
tirely suspended during the war"
"Will this suspension mean dis
aster to our njustdes2"
Not disaster, but inevitable in
terruptlon to some extent" replied
Mr.. Lane. 1T means that suddenly
materials upon which great indus
tiles depend, must be obtained from
other sources. Importers, consumers
and manufacturers are making anx.
lous inquiries as 10 where they may
find In the United States supplies Of
crude materials TO replace the foreign
supplies now shut off, This is the
opportunity Of the United States to
free itself from dependence Of its in
dustries upon other countries, and
business men are awakening to this
fact. They look to the government
for aid in finding now sources Of
material with which TO to keep the
factories open and in operation.
When they have found the DOMESTIC
supply and begin its use, they will
not return to dependence upon the
foreign supply, and thereafter good
or bad times in the United States,
50 far as the maintenance Of indus
tries are concerned, will be more in.
dependent Of foreign complications.
What is the government doing
TO aid industry in these matters.
IAN it can 10 under present laws,
replied the Secretary. The Nation:
greatest natural resources are a part
Of the public domain, and under tht
charge Of the Interior department
The annual reports Of ,he mineral re
sources Of the United States pub
lished by the United States Geologi
cal Survey for the last thirty years
Continued IN Last Page,
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1914-08-21

IN Italy marriage brokers are ;
regular institation. Thsy have pcck'
stbooks filled With the names Of mar.
riaasabis mHidsEs IN various ranks Of
Iifs. snd 20 about trying 10 arrange
matches. whsn shey are successful
thsy rsessvs : commission. and very
likely something extra as = voluntary
gift from their customer.
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1914-08-21

Supply of nilrateS. II this supply
should be- cut OF, A new supply
would have 10 be found or mlnu-
tactureS and agriculture would Sut-
Ter. Fortunately this new supply Is
at hand. We can draw nitrogen
from the air and hN il with lime by
the use OF large and cheap electrical
development, as is done at Niagara
Falls and in Norway, and all that is
necessary to pave the way 10 this
electrical development is the passage
by Congress Of the Ferris bin now
pending, which will make possible
the utilization Of the great unused
water powers of the Western States.
The Southern States have for
years lafgely supplied the world
with phosphates, but because Of the
distribution system, a large part Of
this supply has gone to Europe, and
much Of the phoSphates used in the
Western States have been Imported
across the Pacific. We have some
5000, 900 acres Of phosphate lands
in the West lying near the smellers
from which is produced the sulphurlc
acid necessary to convert these phos-
pilates into form available for plant
food. and still there is no law by
which these phosphate deposits can
be made commercially available, al
though a bill which would allow Of
their immediate development has
been favorably reported by the Pub
lic Lands Committee Of the House
Of Representatives, and is awaiting
the approval OF the House and
Senate.
WIN these resources be developed
il these laws are passed." the Sec
retary vas asked.
of course they will, " he replied.
You can depend upon American
enterprise and ambition to make
good when il is given an opportunity.
Al present these deposits and re-
sources are locked up out Of use
| To open them to use when the sup
ply from other countries is cut of
means to make American industries
using these materials independent oI
the rest Of the world, and business
men will not neglect the opportunity
to make our industries safe iron
the interruptions Of war we are now
experiencing"
What other industries are ther,
now dependent npon the products
Of other countries. which can b,
r made INDEPENDENT" Mr.. Lane wa,
2 asked.
| The steel industry, for one" h,
] replied. Manganese is Of large i'm
: importance to this industry, and tn
T largest supply Of ore comes from
! Russia and other countries witt
: which crommece is now paralyzed
There are large deposits in Soutl
: America which have not been de
d veloped, but it is not necessary eve
!. 20 so far away as that. We hav
e great stores Of manganese in thi
country which has been largely un
n touched because it is somewhat il
|. ferior in quality. To bring this HON
Y supply into use means merely adoI
v ton Of methods for its publication
q which are known and can be 81,
e cessfuIly used, and then We ca
a continue making manganese ste
i without regard to foreign wars
sources of material. There are 9th
,e international contributions, thougI
4. in the steel industry. We have d
D. pended largely dpon the island
il. Ceylon for The graphite used in Il
ID manufacture Of the crucibles in viii,
IL crucible steel for edge tools and sm
" firearms is made. Or t6.make a
en- other metal, European smelterS, usi
m in part Chinese and Mexican ores
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
PASSENGER TRAIN
GOES INTO DITCH

Louisville & Nashville southb ,und
passenger train No. SO due in Nash
vile at 2:C5 Tuesday morning. went
into a ditch at Goodlettsville, fifteen
miles north of Nashville. A broken
rail was the cause. None Of the pas
sengers were ST riously hurt, although
five were cut by fyirg glass. Five
cars were overturned. None of the
train crew were hurt. The baggage
car caught fire. but the flames were
extinguishtd. The Louisville &
Nashville local officials stated that
all of the passengers we're doing
well. None of the passengers names
were secured, it is said.-Tennes-
sean.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Every Month Near Death.

Foster. Ark.-Mrs. Fannie e lie.
of Foster. says: / was SICK for sew
en- years. and half the tine could not
stand on my feet. Every month |
was very near death. tried Cardui
a. d in two months. was cured, end
am now stout and healthy. My
friends all ask me now what cured
me. My looks are a testimonial TO
Cardui." No matter how serious
or long standing the trouble. Cardui
will help you. 1t is mill. vegeta-
be. tonic remedy. adsp ed especially
to relieve a d cure the common wo-
manly siIment. 1t relieves won an
II pains m restores womsnly
strength. Try Cirdui.
Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

Capt. John w. Morton, iorne
secretary cf s. ate osTennessee, died
Friday at the home of Mrs s. A.
Stout, his dauqh er. in Na'hviIle
Capt lin MOI ton hsd been in failing
health for some tine and had been
slmost an invalid in the home of REL
a:iyes here for almost year. Cap
[ ain Morton was gallant Confeder-
ate soldier. avn2 served through.
out the war as a captain of artillery.
He was the last survivor of the per-
sonal staff of the late Gen. NJ than
b. Forrest. He was the youn2e5t
captain in the Confederate army, be-
ing VI sr 20 years of age. He was
" years OLD.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
contentment and Health.

After all. the question OF livable-
ness in any environment is. asa rule.
one of the temperament and adaptable
ity OF the individual. This is the opin-
ion of the Journal of the American
Medical association. Americans have
braved the dreaded tropics with
comparative comfort and remained In
perfect health. Manila and Panama
have lost the terrors Of climate, while
the far North has become the field OF
pleasure seekers. The healthfulness
OF an environment. urban or suburban.
inland or coastwise. has become al
most entirely q question Of personal
hygiene and mental satisfaction
coupled with the indispensable accom-
paniments OF public sanitation.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

Returns complete from all the
counties in the State give j. C. W.
Neckham a plurality of 31,841 over
A. e. Wilson for United States Sen.
ntor llong term), and j. N. Camden
a plurality over William Marshall
Bullitt of "A, 658 for the short term.
Camden received 1872 more votes
than Beckham, though Beckham led
the tict ct in 1O1 counties and Cam
den in 10.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

The federal rtse We board has an
aOunced that the rediscount rate for
the Boston reserve bank on thirty
day paper had been changed from
s per mt to FIVE and one haif ger
tent. putting the bank on the same
footing as those in NV YORK and
Philadelphia. The charge was taken
To mean that money is easier in New
England and that practically a tie
frst iretalmen, Of the reserves of
the b. .oH bank now are in its vaults
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

A huge Kentucky turkey was de-
hvered at the White House Monday
for the Presidents Thanksgiving
feast. 1t weighs forty-one pounds,
and is fat and as fine specimen of the
Thanksgiving fowl as could be found
Ia donating this bird to grace the
White House tables South Trimble,
Clerk of the National House of Rep
resentatives, falls easily and grace
fully into hi position as the Horace
VOse of former administrations.
For many years Horace Vose, Of
Rhode Island, furnished the White
House Thanksgiving turkeys, and
they were magnificent specimens too.
But Horace Vose is dead and Mr..
'Trimble has qualified as his success
or.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
An Active Liver Means Health

If you want good health. clear
complexion and freedom from Dzzi-
ness, Constipation. BiIiousness. Head
aches and Indigestion, take DR.
Kings New Life Pills. They drive
out fermenting and undigested foods.
clear the Blood and cure Constipa-
ton. Only 25c. at your druggist
Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
1t Really Does Relieve
Rheumatism.

Everybody who il afflicted with
Rheumatism in any form should by
all mesrs keep a bottle of Sl1an's
Liniment on hand. The minute you
feel pain or soreness in joint or
muscle. battle it with Sloan's Lini-
ment. Do not rub il. Sloan's pen
etraies almost Immediately right to
he seat of pain. relieving the hot,
tender. SWOLLEN feeling and making
the part easy and comfortable. Get
a bottle of Sloan's Liniment for 25
cents Of any druggist and have it in
the honse-against Gods. sore and
swollen joints. rheumatism, neural
gia, sciatics and like ailments. Your
money back if not satisfied. but it
does give almost instant relief. -Ad-
vertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

British, Australian and japanese
warsh ps are mobilizing off the coast
ut Lower California, according to
word brought to San Diego by Cap
fzin Robert Israel of the ocean-going
aunch Nonesuch. Israel said the
British cruiser Newcastle and the
Japanese cruiser Idzumo were coaled
of the Guadaloupe islands Tuesday
BY British vessels,
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

WANTED-Inft rmstion concern.
ing the name and where's bouts of
any relative of Thomas d. Hope,
formerly resident of Hopkinsviils and
Psducsh, KY. Communicate with
w. T. McNCe'y 918 Title Insurance
Bldg.. Los Angeles, California.
Advertisement
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Tho Julian Calendar.

The great julius Caesar. B. O. As.
was the first TO reform the calendar
by ordering that every year whose
date number was exactly divisible by
four should contain S66 days. and all
other years 865 days. II was Caesar
who changed the beginning OF the
year from the first Of March to the
first OF January. The Julian calendar
continued In use until A ID. 1851.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Transporting Farm Products.

II the roads from the farm to the
place Of marketing were good It would
mean better prices for the farmer and
cheaper food for the city consumer II
the farmer has solid road with a rea-
sonable grade he greatly prefers to
draw his products to the city personal
ly and sell them from his wagon.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Two big battles, both of whic

Two big battles, both of which
may have decisive results, were rag
ing in Poland Saturday, and third
of almost equal Importance is pro-
crossing in East Prussia. OF the
three battles, that now at its height
between the Vistula and Warta
rivers. and in which the Russians
claimed partial success, is exciting
the greatest interest. The Germans,
it is believed, have brought up by
their line of strategic railways in
Posen and Silesia at least half mill
lion men in an effort to break the
Russian line here. Weather condi-
tons. the frozen ground and the
sltuation of the battlefield favor a
<sttle decisive TO a degree not
"a on any other field in the pres
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
STRAYED

From Gussie Crick. Nortonville.
bay mare branded on left shoulder,
l red mare mule and bay filly with
blaze face. Inform Percy Smithson
Phone. 80. Seen in Hopkinsville
Thursday night.
advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Preferred Locals

See j. H. Dsgg for contracting
building and general repair work Of
all kinds. Phone ats.
Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
For Sale

Four H. P. Gasoline tank cooled
international engine, in good condi-
ton, at very low price. May be
seen at PLANT ERS HDW. co.
Incorporated.
Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Register Traetlve Force.

A dynamometer mounted on an or
binary dray is used by the United
States department OF agriculture to
register the traetive force required to
draw various weights over dlfferen,
kinds OF roadways.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

The land problem is at the bottom
81 the Mexican revolutions and until
IL is settled there can be no peace
there, according to John Lind,
President Wilson's former repre-
sentative in Mexico.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Advertisement.

When you want your Watches,
Clocks, Jewelry or Spectacles re-
paired call on W. B. Shrewsbury, at
Breslin's Confectionery, No. 8, 9th
street. Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
Hetterment Of Children.

Let US have better roads and schools
and better neighborhood cooperation
In order that our children, in their
day. may fare better than we have
done.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
TUESDAY NOVEMBER "a

Ellen Terry, the celebrated actress,
has arrived at Victoria, B. c., from
Gre Orient on the steamship Majura.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24
WV Not More OF rhsmi

Good roads lessen the distance to
town and cheaper the cost OF market
ing. Why not more OF themi
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

Good morning! Have you
seen The Courier?
Evansville's best paper.
Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1914-11-24

should Think Again.
The man who thinks bad roads ere
4 Ascssslty shoaLl izok -
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
BUSINESS CHANCES
z BARGAIN.

In quarter section one mile from
town, Williams county. land lies level,
heavy clay loan soil; price $4,000.
One third cash. Box As, Esmond, NJ
FOR sALE-T will sell my blacksmith
shop; all the tools; everything runs
by gas engine. Only the n shop
in town. Write for information 10
G. e. Brenneise, Wilton, N. Oak.
FOR sALE-Only restaurant IN town,
everything complete and ready for
business; am running two places
and cannot get competent help is
my easo for selling. Write L.,
Box ZIG, Washburn.. N. Oak.
WANTED-Anybody who will buy
live stock for us or inform US
where we a get same in territory
$50 miles around Bi; marck, send in
formation. Tribune 167. Will pay
good commission. '.F b
FOR sALE-I have an ecquity in two
quarters of land near this town. I
will trade for horses or automobiles,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16

Calling and business cards. social
invitations. color work and high class
printing or engraving OF all kinds.
Finest work. Best prices. Bismarck
Tribune Co. Phone -. Broadway Of
rourth o.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
FARM LANDS

FOR RENT-Section four miles from
Bismarck, two hundred acres under
pillow; in fine condition. ~. =.
Young. ~ ="
FARM LANDS AND CITY LOANS.
FOR SAlE-Farm on easy. terms,
one-1uarter mile from town, in Nor
ton county. 20 miles from Bis
marck. Every acre high, tillable
land, partly cultivated. Spring Of
running water. ~
o. r. Owens & Co.. Phone 421.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
GENERAL INSURANCE.

Fire, Hay. Casualty, Life, Auto and
Employers Liability Insurance. r. d.
Coonen, City National Bank Building.
Phone liz,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
HOW TO ANSWER BLIND ADS.

All ads signed with numbers, or
initials, care Tribune must be an
swered by letter addressed to the mum.
Der given in the ad. Tribune employ.
ees are not permitted to tell who any
advertiser is. Mail or send yonr an.
swer to Tribune No. --. and we for.
ward 1t to the advertiser.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
NOTICE 70 OWNERS or ANIMALS,

Several cases Of abnsc-especially of
driving horses has been reported to this
Office. After this notice, if relief is not
given the parties will be prosecuted.
Horses must he properly shod, fed and
blankctcd. ODD.
S. a. DANFoRD,
State Humane Officer.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
PAINTS, OIL AM GLASS

Headquarters for wall paper, house
furnishings, hardware and stoves,
both new and secondhand. 4. Ia
FAUNCE. 4th st. Phone, 50.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
CITY AUDITORS NOTICE.
PAYMENT OF SIDEWALK ARIA

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the
following described sidewalk warrants
will be paid by the city treasurer Of the
city of Bismarck, North Dakota, with in
tcreSt due thereon
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16

PRACTICAL
Henry Burman's shop Is building an
excellent business In shoe repairing.
Plenty of competent help and can do
your work, too. Henry Burman,
Broadway. betweent Fourth and Fifth
Str.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16

Dated this Fifteenth day OF January
D. 1914. ..>
r. II. THISTLETHWAITE,
b. City Auditor.
(January 10th and 23rd.)
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
PICTURE FRAMING.

For pictures and framing call up
Geo. LaLone. 541 or BAT. Will call at
your house on request.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
ABsTRAoTuga

The Byrne Abstract Office. Pho.
neer abstracters of Burleigh county.
Abstracts guaranteed by bond of $780,
600. The oply abstract office In the
county complying with letter and
spirit Of the state law relating to alb.
stracters OF title. We have our own
records and indexes. Our equipment
10 modern and up to the minute.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
FLATS FOR RENT

FOR RENT-3.room fiat; modern
conveniences, steam heat, hot and
cold water and bath. Apply Grambs
e. Peet Co. + Al =
FOR RENT--Fnrnished rooms tor
light housekeeping. Dakota block.
Phone 900. W,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-01-16
HOUSES. FOR RENT

~ E. -. ass. rtu.,. So,
HOUSES FOR RENT
FOR RENT-Modern S-room house,
within 3 blocks OF 500 lroundhouse;
$25 a month, Phone SAX.
FOR RENT-House OF four rooms.
Geo. REGISTER. Phone, 80.
FOR RENT-Modern house; close in.
Also, rooms in modern house.
Phone $50. J. E. Perry.
FOR RENT-Five:room modern cot.
tage; corner First and Thayer SITS.
Vacant after Feb. LIST. Apply to C.
c.. Mclean, Mandan, N. Oak.
FOR RENT-Modern S-room house;
SO6 Ave. B. Phone, GAM.
F0H HENT-F0rnished house or
rooms. 112 Thayer street. Tele.
phone 481L.
FOR RENT-House; s rooms; mod
ern; close to High school. Posses
sion given Jan. 18th. Call f. s.
Pierce. Phone, SILK.
FOR RENT-TNo story cottage; No.
Ill Sixth street. m. r. Skcels.
FOR RENT-Small house on -Four:
teenth street; $10s W. l.. Smith.