davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
BELDING LUMBER CO.
MAKING IMPROVEMENTS

Some improvements are being made
in the buildings of the Bedding Lum-
Der company. The west side of the
main building has been in an unstable
condition for some time. The old
siding and frame work have been torn
away and are being replaced with a
solid wall OF concrete. This wall will
extend we'll up To the heavy frame
work under the floor Of the main fac
tory and machine room.
The east side of the building will
also be repaired. Some new roof will
be necessary. The work will require
about two weeks to complete. The
Bedding Lumber company is carrying
large stock of all kinds of lumber.
The stock Y complete and ample to
satisfy the demands of all kinds and
classes of people. The stock is much
larger than is usually carried in a
city OF this size.
Mr.. A. S. Dimmick, manager of
the company. is optimistic for the
future. He is looking for very
active season within the next few
months.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
ORDER FOR PUBLICATION
(First Insertion October 14)


..5;TATE OF MICHIGAN-The Pro-
bate Court for the County OF Ionia,
At a session Of said Court, held at
the Probate Office in the City of Ionia,
IN said County, on the sixth day OF
October, A. ID. 1914.
Present: Hon. Montgomery Web
ster. Judge OF Probate.
In the matter OF the estate of
George w. Purdy, deceased, George
Hoppough, administrator OF said es-
tate. having filed in said court his
petition, praying for license to sell, at
private sale, the interest OF said es-
tate in certain real estate therein de-
scribed, for the purpose of paying
the debts, and the charges and eX-
penses of administering said estate,
and for the distribution and settle
ment of said estate.
1t is ordered, that the ninth day of
November A. ID. 1914, at ten o'clock
in the forenoon, at said probate office,
be and is hereby appointed for hear
ing said petition, and that all persons
interested in said estate appear before
said court at said time and place.
10 show cause why license to sell
the interest of said estate i'm said real
estate should not be granted.
1t is further ordered, that public
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
WHY SUFFER ANY
STOMACH DISTRESS
When Mi-o-na> Is n Quick and
Effective Remedy

II your stomach is continually kick
ing up a disturbance, causing distress
after eating, heartburn, coated tongue,
gas, sour taste of food. and you feel
blue. irritable and nervous, you are
suffering from indigestion and dyspep-
STA.
It's needless for you TO suffer. and
now is the time to quickly stop the
distress and regulate your. upset
stomach.
Simply get from wortley & French,
or any drug store, some Mi-o-na tab
lets--a simple prescription that does
more than give quick and lasting re-
lief. Mi-o-na soothes the irritated
lining of the stomach and stimulates
the flow of the digestive juices SO
that what you eat is quickly converted
into healthfui nourishment, then you
are we'll and strong, and no longer
worry about trifies or have restless
nights.
Do not allow indigestion to wreck
your health and happiness but get
some Mi-o-na tablets at once-they
are cheap and harmless.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
BILLIE BURKE AT
POWERS THEATRE

one OF the most promising of the
seasons bookings at Powers Theater
is Billie Burke in Jerry in which
she will be seen at Powers Saturday
November z, matinee and night. This
comedy is by Catherine Chisholm
Cushing. The Jerry of the play is a
young American girl, who, like lots of
other young American girls. wants
what she wants when she wants it,
In this particular instance she wants
certain man for a husband. The
man has been engaged to her aunt for
twenty years but that doesn't make
any difference to Jerry" She wants
him and takes him by strategy that
is most amusing-as amusing as it is
effective.
The mail order of seats will receive
the usual prompt attention. The
matinee scale will be from SO cents
to $50 and the evening scale from
SO cents to $500.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
MICHIGAN WOMANS STOMACH ILLS
ENDED BY A WONDERFUL REMEDY

Just such stories are told by thou
SANDS who have used Mayrs Wonder
full Stomach Remedy. 1t is known all
over the United States. 1t clears the
digestive tract of mucoid accretions
and removes poisonous matter Ii
brings quick relief to sufferers with
stomach ailments. liver and bowel
troubles. Many declare il has saved
them from dangerous operations:
many are sure it has saved their lives.
We want all people who have
chronic stomach trouble or constipa-
ton, no matter of how long standing.
TO try one dose Of Mayr's Wonderful
Stomach Remedy-one dose will con-
vince you. This is the medicine so
many of our people have been taking
with surprising results. The most
thorough system cleanser ever sold.
Mayr's Wonderful Stomach Remedy
is now sold by leading druggists every
where.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
Orleans

Milo Meeks, who has been sick the
past three weeks is able TO sit up,
some at this writing.
Mrs Susie Mcpherson and little
son Of Bedding were guests Of her
parents Mr.and Mrs. j. Wood We'd
nesday night and Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Magee of
Toledo. Ohio and Miss Myrtle Magee
of Ionia spent few days last week
with their sister and family, Mrs. w.
$. Purdy.
Mr.. and Mrs Asa Treynor and little
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
For Father, For Mother
For Sister, For Brother

daughter who have been staying most
OF the time for three weeks with his
parents Mr.. and Mrs. r. Treynor, re-
turned to their home in Ionia. Sat
ur1ay.
Mesdames Strong Hall and Leach
visited their friend Mrs Harriet Per
rett in Orange Thursday.
Mrs. Clara Yoemans and daughter
Margery and Mrs. Ada Cheney called
on Mrs. Bessie Strong OF Woods Cor
1ers Thursday afternoon.
Mrs. r. Il. Fales Of Belding and
Mrs. Palmer Fales and daughter of
Portland, Oregon called among frior Is
here Tuesday
Halle Warner and Marion Hale Ell
tertained Ada Swarthout and Flossia
Coil of Bedding Sunday
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
Don't Wait
Take Advantage of "a Bedding Citizens
Experience

When the back begins TO ache.
Don't wait until backache becomes
chronic;
Till kidney troubles develop;
Till urinary troubles destroy nights
rest.
Profit by Bedding citizens exper-
fence.
Mrs. Barlow, Ais Beulah ST., Beld-
ing, says: IL have used Doan's Kidney
Pills for kidney trouble and dull, nag
ging backache, and they have helped
me. Doan's Kidney Pills give me
strength. regulate the action of my
kidneys and relieve the pains in my
back.
Price soc, at all dealers. Don't
simply ask for a kidney remedy-get
Doanis Kidney Pills-the same that
Mrs. Barlow had. Foster Milburn
Co. Props, Buffalo, N Y.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
Bfrs. Beamcr of Flint Is Delivered
From Headaches by just
\ Few Doses

Mrs. Guy a. Beamer of 1907 North
Street, Flint, Mich. was for a long
time victim of stomach and digestive
troubles. One of the serious effects
was in bad headaches, which attacked
her almost daily
She took Mayr's Wonderful Stom-
ach Remedy; then she wrote:
II thank you very much for what
your medicine has done for me.
never saw anything work such won
ders as just the three bottles have.
There was never a day in my life that
L did not have my head tied up with
a cloth and 1 nave not had a headache
since ! had been doctored by spec
ialists, too, and received very little
benefit +"
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28

The Greenville Democratic club held
"a rally Tuesday evening. The city
band was called out 10 play for the
occasion. Speaking for the occasion
began at eight o'clock. The attendance
was large.
Ambrose ]. Wyrick and Earle b.
Slawson have been engaged as soloists
for the Greenville- Republican club
banquet that will be held Thursday
night.
Campfire supper an G, A. II. hall
Friday night October 80, 10c and / sc.
ADV
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. l.. Osterhout
motored To Ionia Tuesday. Mr.. oster-
bout attended the stewards meeting OF
the Lansing District ministerial AS
ISOLATION that was in session there.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
Jnd King Suit Begun

The suit OF the City of Belding~ VS..
Jud w King has been commenced in
circuit court here. The suit arises
over the conviction Of King on a viola !
ton Of the peddling ordinance of Beld-
ing. King set up a small peanut and
soft drink stand on circus day. and
although he is a resident Of that town,
other merchants there objected to his
breaking into business, and the arrest
followed. He was convicted in Justice
court there.-Ionia Standard.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
East Otisco Farmers Club
(By Brink Correspondent

The East Otisco Farmers Club will
meet with Mr.. and Mrs. Ed. Wool
bridge the first Tuesday in November,
which is November 5. This will be
an all day meeting with picnic din
ner and the annual fair as the big
features of the day. The following
excellent program has been prepared
for the day: Music; Reading, Mrs T..
o. hummer; Recitation, Berthold
Chickering; Reading, Mrs. w. T..
Leach; Music; Recitation, Mrs. Walter
Leach; Reading, Mrs. Emory Chicken
ing; Music.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
West Disco Farmers Club

The October meeting of the West
Otisco Farmers Club was held at the
home Of Mr.. and Mrs. w. b. Travis
and a pleasant time was enjoyed.
The refreshments of fruits were es-
pecially fine and credit to any form
er.
The topic Of General VS.. Special
Farming was ably discussed by both
ladies and gentlemen.
The next meeting will be an all day
affair, November 5 with Mr.. and Mrs.
Lew. futile and all should make a
special effort to attend as a chicken
pie dinner will be served.
The topic for discussion will be
Grain Farming against Stock FarFl.
ing. Corresponding Sec.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
To WHOM It Nav Concern

In setting my table the other day
found that several pieces were miss
ing-two dinner plates, three pie
plates and several soup plates. two
silver forks and one teaspoon given
me by my foster mother 16 years ago
Would be pleased to have these re-
turned. and especially request that no
one enter my house in my absence.
Mrs. Ida sCathcart.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28

notice thereof be given by publication
Of a copy of this order, for three sue
cessive weeks previous to said day OF
hearing, in the Bedding Banner. a
newspaper printed and circulated in
said county.
Montgomery Webster,
Judge of Probate.
A true copy.
Anna r. Webster,
Register OF Probate
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
Siiniorf- kessler

Peter Shindorf and Miss Rose Kess-
Ter were married at the Miriam church
Tuesday morning at o'clock by Rev.
FIR. j. M. Zindler. Ed. Shindorf broth
er of the groom acted as best man and
Miss Christina Kessler sister of the
bride was bridesmaid. Mr.. and Mrs.
Shindorf will live on the Alfred Jonas
farm about three miles south Of BeId-
ing.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
BIG BLACK BEAR WILL
COME TO THE EMPRESS

Thursday, Friday and Saturday af-
ternoons of this week will be big in
teresting times at the Empress
Theatre especially for children The
management has~arranged with the
owners of big black bear 10 bring
him here for those three days and
have him give exhibitions in the
theatre.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1914-10-28
MODERN wooDMEN NOTICE

Any former member of the NJ. W.
a. who dropped out in February 1912
on account Of the Chicago rates may
be reinstated on or before October
81 by paying the current assessment
and three months camp dues. See
the clerk about it, c. A. Coon.
81
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24
IN AND OUT of TOWN.

Miss Louise Price. or Gala, is the
guest of Mrs. Lawrence n. Price. at
her home. 1923 West Grace Street.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charels q. Barksdale
have been recent guests of Judge Will
liam X. Barksdaie. i'm Houston.
Miss Anna Hurt. of Glover, is visit
ing Mrs. Travis G.. Watkins here be-
fore going to New York
Mrs. w. a. Land and Miss Louise At
kins. of Blackstone. are visiting MIR.
and Mrs. Il. j. Taylor. on Grove Avenue.
DR.. A. E. Truman has returned from
Goochland County, where he spent IL
short time last week.
Miss Virginia Gordon who has been
the guest of Senator and Mrs Claude
Swanson in Washington for Il few days.
has returned to New York.
DR.. Frank Ruff. who has been in
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24

is visiting Miss Margaret Word. OF 40i
North Lombardy Street.
Mr. and Mrs Edward, T.. Burchard.
Of South Richmond. are in camp at
Rural. Retreat on the James River. and
have as their guest. Charles Burchard,
Of New York.
Mrs. Stanford Hutchinson has been the
recent guest Of relatives In Farmville
airl Prince Edward County.
Mrs. Travers Daniel. Jr.. left the
latter part of last week 10 join her
husband III Montana.
Miss Lucy Anderson. Of this city. Is
the guest of Miss Mabel Powell at her
home. in Newport News.
Mrs. Cassius +. Lee. OF Alexandria.
WHO has been visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
Jeffrey Montague here. is now with
relatives In Norfolk.
Mrs. Grammer Of Winchester. VINO
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24

dansants and dinner dances. There
will be professional dancing and pri-
vate instruction in all the modern
dances and the affairs will be of UNI
usual interest
Mrs. Groncr is sailing June on the
Jmperator 10 take charge of the Sans
Souci in Paris. where Europe's famous
orchestra will play for the dancing.
Mrs. Groncr will be the guest OF her
parents. Mr.. and Mrs. James Is. Pace.
OF Grove Avenue, for short stay,
prior To her departure for Paris.
Iiiss Wiiiard's Wedding.
The wedding Of Kermit Ro9sevels
ter OF Colonel Willard, will take place
at noon June II At the British EN-
bassy at Madrid. pr. samuel Watson.
rector OF the American Church of the
Rev. Herbert Brown, Of tho british
Gnap Me maid T Ponor Mil hG be the
brides sister. Elizabeth. and the brides
maids. Princess Thurn Und TaXis.
Hines Page. The American Ambassador
in London: t;ilone lie Ncneur dc Til
Heres, of Paris. and Virginia Christian,
Garden Club Entertained.
MT: Mrs iiarry t: Ma .!r, very charm harm.
on Tuesday afternoon at luncheon ut
her home. "Rioomiield." near Ivy.
After luncheon the members of the
ciuD iouNeu over the Deautilu! gardens
and discussed matters pertaining &c
the planting and care of plants and
| flowers
| Those present were: Mrs. George e
| Alt, Mrs. Boardman Smith and her
guest. Mrs shields, OF Richmond; Mrs
F., Allnand Elliott, Mrs. Rankin. Mrs. c.
Il. Blue. Miss eEugenia Hubbard. Mrs.
q. Johnson Bradd!sh and her guest,
Mrs. zimmerman: Mrs. Richard Farish.
| Mrs. Russell Bradford, Mrs. Andrew
ward Tnyloc and AIRS. Langdon Lee. OF
Philadelphia.
! ClosinK Recital.
One Of the most interesting closing
exercises OF the season Will be the re-
cital 10 be given by the members OF j.
Lamont Cialbraith'S vocal class. at the
Young Mems Christian Associa ton hall
on Tuesday evening At s:l5 o'clock.
The class il composed of some OF the
best talent in the city, and the PRO
gram is varied and attractive.
Those taking part Will be as follows
Miss Margaret Camp. Miss Cora Lynn
Woods. Miss Jessie McAIinn. Miss Erma
Bates, Miss Esther Bennett; Miss Cora
Adrienne Kuyk. Miss Mary Steinlein,
Miss Mary +. Baxter. Miss Mamie Bugg.
Miss Gladys MartenStein, Miss FrenZlc
Wipperman. Miss c. *. Wheeler. Miss
Amorettc Allen. Messrs. u. T. UilGart-
Mer. John Womble. William Stith. Ralph
Ludwig. Charles Nunnally. 4. Edward
Burton, Fred Jones Jr, Horace POWELL,
Master Richard Banks.
The three chornees by the class will
De accompanied by james Womblu.
Haarrll-ftasEeIl.
Elder Sylvester IIassell has issued
invitations for the marriage of his
daughter. Mary. To John Lanicr Has
sell. the wedding to ta-.e place on the
June. at o'clock. at the home OF the
brides father. in Wilmington n q
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24

Staunton for a brief visit. has re-
turned 10 Richmond.
Misses Lucy and Mollie Wallace OF
.hiS CITY. are visiting Mrs. L. Il. Gill at
her home. in lowing Green.
Mrs. Gertrude Ryland and her small
daughter of Richmond, are spending
several months with Mrs. Stuart Lot
ter at her home on the Boulevard.
Newport News.
Mrs Walter Wilson has gone to
Louisa County, where she viii be the
guest OF her parents. Mr.. and Mrs A. j.
Chewing. at their country place.
Mrs: +. l. Ford, OF Richmond, Is
spending few days as the guest of
Mrs. Fl. G. Brauer has returned from
the North. and will resume her classes
in dancing at once.
Miss Margaret Buckner. OF Roanoke,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24
Freckle-Face
SUN and Wind Bring out Ugly Spots
How to Remove Easily.

Here's chance, Miss Freckle- face
to try remedy for freckles with the
guarantee of reliable dealer that IL
VIII not cost you a penny unless 1t re-
moves the freckles; while IL It does
give you clear complexion the cY-
pense is trifing.
Simply get an ounce OF othine-hou
BILE strength--from any druggist. and a
few applications should show you how
easy 1t la to rid yourself OF the homcly
freckles and get beautiful complex
Ion. Rarely Is more than ono ounce
needed for the worst case.
BE sure to ask the druggist for the
double strength othine. as this Is tbs
prescription sold under guarantee of
money hack II 1t Falls to remove
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24
AMHERST

Amherst Va May .3.-Miss Louise Car
land. ot Lynchburg. this week visited her
nunt. Miss Mary c. Ellis.
Cadet Tom Whitehead. q son ot Thomas
Whitehead. OF this place. recently carried
on tho honors in the motorcycle contest
held at the V. L. l. Blacksburg, having
won first prize
Miss Lille Christian has COMO to Lynch
burg to visit her cousins. Mrs. Mimic
Shearer and Miss Loult Waller.
Miss Rosa Lewis sDcnt the Weekend at
hcr home near Falkland
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24

has been visiting In this city, has gone
! to Fauquier County to be the guest OF
Mr.: and Mrs. James Foster. ut Glen
WILLIE"
Miss Emily Royal has returned to
Richmond. aftcr visit to her aunt.
Mrs William Roane Aylett. in Newport
News.
Miss Bette Richardson, OF Fred
ericks Hall, Is visiting friends and
relatives in this city.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24
WOMEN's MEETINGS.

A meeting OF the In the Service Of
the King Circle of Kings Daughters
1890 o'clock at the residence of Mrs.
Abner Goodc. 1907 East Marshall Street.
The meeting Is very important one.
and all members are urged To attend
The Helping Circle OF Kings Daugh.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-24

ters will have n called meeting on Mon
day afternoon at 1880 o'clock with Mrs.
II. J. Ridenour. at ther residence. 3305
East Broad Street. ~ full attendance
Is desired
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1914-07-18
Many After Tournament

There seems TO be more seekers after
the privilege of entertaining the upper
peninsula firemen in 1915 than for
many years Hancock is the latest en-
try in the race and that copper conn
try city will send big delegation TO
Ishpeming to seek the honor.
Our own sister CITY OF Iron River is
among the numbor seeking the privi-
lege and the firemen can make no
better move than TO visit this Iron
county town. The copper country
cities will take good care of the fire
fighters but Iron River will do just a.
we'll by them and, besides, Iron coun-
ty hasn { entertained the bremen since
1901 when Crystal Falls took care Of
them. Come TO Iron county gentle.
men and you will not regret IL.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1914-07-18
Wo0DSMAN MEETS DEATH
Sawer-G -Goodman's Camp Seven Scene
of Fatality Last Wednesday

Mike Billings, we'll known woods
man and for long time in the employ
of Sawyer Goodman Co. at their
camps west of this city, was instantly
killed at camp seven last Wednesday
morning at 8 80, by falling tree.
Billings and a companion were at
work cutting down timber for th G
company at the time of the accident.
This unfortunate man misjudged the
route Of tree which they had just
finished cutting and ran directly in it's
path instead of a place OF safety. he
was killed instantly The remains
were temporarily inferred in the local
cemetery Thur 'day, awaiting word
from two brothers who reside in
Mas sacnusetts.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1914-07-18
Smooth SwindIer

A man giving his name as Raymond
struck this city the first of the week
and represented himself as a travelling
agent for a large grocery house in Chi
cago. He made the rounds from one
residence to another giving unheard
of bargains in groceries and managed
in tins way 70 get many people inter
ested. He received many nice orders
for which he demanded part payment
and balance on receipt OF goods.
While Raymond was making his
rounds il leaked out in some way that
he was discharged employee Of the
grocery house This started the officers
on his track and an investigation
proved that this rumor was correct
lie was Immediately arrested and is
now in the county Jail awaiting a
hearing. which will be some time next
week
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1914-07-18
Old Landmark Burned

Fire removed the last remnants OF
the equipment at the old Mastodon
mine last week when the shaft house
and pocket that stood there as the
silent sentinel Of by.gone glory caught
fire and burned 20 the ground.
The old shaft house has stood erect
and complete since the abandonment
of the property twenty years ago. Dur,
ing all Of the time that it stood as the
only testimonial 10 mans handiwork
about the old Mastodon property, II
was immune from the fires that FREE
quently ragged in the vicinity With
the coming of q new era at Mastodon
il seems that the old cditce was out
of place and IT sucoumbed 10 the in
evitable
How the fire originated none seem TO
know bat when IL got under way II
made short work of the dry timbers
II is probable that the flames were oI
incendiary origin.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1914-07-18
ALPHA SPRUNG SURPRISE
Base Ball Team From That Town
Nearly Defeated the Locals

The small crowd that went TO the
bail park last Sunday TO witness the
game of base ball between the hired
men from Alpha and Crystal Falls
were treated to a very interesting
hours pastime during which time sew
en- innings of very fast ball were play.
ed
Buck Nolden was in the box for
Alpha with a conglomeration of Esca-
nabs and MenomInee fellows in the
field so that Will Cambray, the Alpha
representative, looked AZ lonesome on
Alpha's side as Oranges Larson,
the Crystal Falls representative. looked
on the other Threatening clouds
hung over the park all during the game
whioh caused many TO stay away An
other feature that kept many away
was the impression that the game
wouldn't be very interesting Those
who figured that way forgot the power
of money for one town may hire just
as many and as good men az another if
il has the price to waste.
At any rate Mr. Buck was quite
stingy with his hit offerings so that
Crystal Falls PLAYERS didn't fatten
their averages to any appreciable
extent The run that did come in
came in on a fuke hit that struck near
third base and took bad bound.
Johnson was on the mound for the
locals and he pitched fine game The
Alpha boys were all ball players, their
handicap being that they had not play
ed together With the grounds in the
shape that they were. the game was
as fast as one could expect in every
way and Crystal Falls fans are thank
full to the Aplha fans for furnishing
some real base ball. The score at the
end of the eleventh stood Crystal Falls
/, Alpha o.