The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1914-11-02
The Modern Submarine

The re- .rnf sensational -peTformaus e.
u' q submarine ia the North sea. when
30 within few minutes totally de-
siroycd three great hghting ships. has
aroused aI.lt interest IN this tNpc of
craft thar .- only now psfablisn,nI jts
pr~acticsh.ftN. and OF which bat little
of 70 descriptive nature has yet ape
reircd Ir dn article Ia the war is-
slo 90 Oh, scientific American an eV-
pert on f.. subject gives the follow
IRIS brief Hut clear description ui Thu.
new factor .n the supremacy Il the
seas
The following description Of ne
construction and operation Of the SUBJ
marine viii apply Ia its principles 90
most of tH" various types employed in
thc prcsour war.
The form 90 the huh is generally
dosoribeI Is cigar-shaped II ls built
ot the very pcst quality of mild steel.
and tho workmanship rs nt the high-
esq order. for the reason that every
seam and rivet must be perfectly
tight. Ir View 90 The service which tho
boat leg called upon 90 perform Not
ONT. H. vessels OF this tsp, undergo
al' tHe stresses OF sca and weather
vni.H other vessels arc subjected &c.,
Duo .u addition They arc required 90
u.. save 1f considerable depths below
the urfacv of the water. At these
depths Hhe pressure Of he water is
great p that the bun must loo made
sufficiently strong 20 withstand So.
For submerged WORK large sturagc
batteries are provided. which furnish
,r,rat sufficient 90 drivc the boat
from .,n Go eleven knots for a period
or over an hour. The same electrical
oncrrE viii drive her M "a lowcr sreed
Iur much louger tune
There are Two distinct conditions
Boo Hh n the 30 MA. bo used ~
th. afH,. commonly known 1s The sur
fls, .orditi1u. the boat b. prepared
for .rgIsing a considerable portion
uf har hun is above water. e rcmoN-
able u1 igating bridge is 10 place. "a
ahc .- driven by large, powerful, iH-
ternal-. ombustio1 cnelnrs. Under
thcs. .onditions she is managed In
about zee same vay as amy vessel built
tu ruu upon the surfgce. As for sea-
roiue qualities. the submarines OF our
own service have been found IN prac-
lice O.. he excellent In ordinary
weather they ere fully as comfortable
as au. surface cFuft OF the same di-
m]ons.ous. and even IN the heaviest
weather they are entirely sesworthy.
r., -ond distinct condition exists
when the hoat Is submerged. To pass
front .le surface to the submerged
condition. certain valves IN the inter-
lur COZ he boat are opened, This all
lows. Tine water from the sea Co rum
into a.elt tanks built within the boat.
and thus virtually sink her. These
tanks rc closely gagged. $50 that just
the required amount of water b. taken
iu. Under normal conditions, wher
Ih, boat a. tt rest with the hallas
taut .IIcd. size VIII have "a few hue
Cred pounds reserve b%uoyaucy. which
BIS f,.rascnted by the top OF her con-
ming foWer ~urorruilnR above tie
Rarrr. o. desired. this |huoyancy mHiy
Ue entirely destroyed hy admitting a
small tdditinnHi amount OF water.
equal Iu Volume Co the volume OF thai
part ~ the coming tower above
WIt,r While ia the submerged con
dI.un. an communication with the
outside atmosphere Del necessarily cut
OF Tire crew then nrcaihcs h ar
contained in the body OF The boat.
Tho mount o. air originally contain
ed Within the hull .s suiiicie0t 40 SUP
porn LIE with comfort for az least
twenty tour hours. But. in addition
Go the air thus contained, the boat
ourr.os "a large supply of compressed
air .n steel naaks. which. 10 used for
breathing would pee runl-
Client Tor a number OF days
Amer having brought tho boat 90 the
submerged condition m the manner
above described, powerful electric mo-
tor are started by throwing IN a
switch These motors derive their
energy from ftorsge batteries CON
tanned in the ooa.. ana drive tho pro-
! pellcra The same STORAGE batteries
furnish current FOR numerous anxll-
iar, motors used for pumping. Steer
ing. handling torpedocs. etc.