davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
TROUBLE IN CHILE
OVER GERMANY
Anti German Riots Break Out
When Tramway Tariffs of
Valparaiso Are
Boosted.
PEOPLE ARE EXCITED
Charges Of Violation Of Neutrality
Have Reused the People to the
Highest Pitch and May
Lead to Trouble.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.
SANTIAGO, Chile, Dec. 2.-Anti-
German riots are reported in vaIpa-
raiso today. Crowds swarmed the
streets and stoned the German consul
ate and other buildings. Troops were
called out and several persons were
wounded before order was restored.
The demonstrations followed raising
Of tariffs on the tramway lines in
Valparaiso which are owned by Ger
man interests. This action, added to
the charges Of the violation Of chiie'1
neutrality by German warships, re.
Gently reused the people to the high
est pitch. Cars were stoned and par
TALLY wrecked Ali German buildings
in the city, including the bank and
consulate were attacked. When the
troops arrived, several shots were
fired In the air, but the crowds refus.
ed to dlsperse and continued their
demonstration. It was then necessary
to FIRE into the crowd and several were
[sMcunaed ,euss.4ss ~ i
The alleged violation Of chile's neu.
traIity has caused intense feeling
throughout the country. An lnvesti.
cation 10 now being made OF reports
that the Germans have established a
naval base on the Juan Fernandez 10.
lands. Ships have aiso been seized by
the Germans within Chilean waters, 1t
Is asserted. The government found II
impossible to prevent violation OF neu-
trality laws by German steamers. Sew.
Grad took taraoes OF supplies and pro-
visions on board In Chilean harbors
and then slipped out, evidently intend
ing to transship to the war vessels in
the Pacific.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
Decisive Victory in Poland, Belgium the
Sea, by Christmas, Has Become the
Popular Cry.
FIVE RULERS ARE AT The FRONT
Kaiser, Gar and King Have Gone to Visit Their
Soldiers and Urge Them to Take More
Vigorous Stand.
[By Ed L. Keen, United Press Staff
Correspondent.

[By Ed L. Keen, United Press Staff
Correspondent.]
LONDON, Dec. "A decisive vic
tory by Christmas, either in the
west in Poland or upon the sea.
This is the popular cry today and
with the rulers Of five countries now
at the front it is believed strenuous
efforts are to be made to bring some
one Of the drawn out struggles In
progress in the vast war zone, to q
decision.
In every fighting region, the strug.
gle has swung In the balance for a
time and then came to deadlock
The present fighting in Poland
threatens to become as bitter, but az
sindecisive, as the battle for the pos
session OF the cost In the west. The
Russians now officially Admit the
German army is In position to OF.
fer determined battle and is In no
danger OF annihilation.
Berlin expects the Germans to
resume the offensive, but with the
vast Russian forces in the field, the
Germans may be held in check indef-
nitely it is believed here. This is
the 10th day Of the war and the 47th
day of the battle for the French coast.
In Galicia, the Russians and Aus
trians are engaged in the longest
single struggle of the war, at Pre-
mysl The fortress has been bes;eged
= for three months, practically without
break The Russians were forced
to fall back at one time for q short
period, but soon returned and the In
vestment is now complete.
All reports indicate that the Rus
slams are rapidly enveloping Cracow
and another siege is virtually in
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
What the War Moves Mean
By ]. w. T. Mason, Former European Man
aeer of the United Press.

der being older than forty-f1ve. These
4,3O0O 900 are really Germany's present
first line strength. Practically all Of
the soldiers now in the field must
have been drawn from them. II the
odd 100000 be thrown aside as having
become physically unfit for military
service. that leaves 100000 trained
men available. Of these, approximate
ly only 100000 are now at the front.
In other words Germany has a re-
serve Of 100000 men less than forty
Ave years old who have had military
experience as conscripts. How many
others besides these numbers are un-
dergoing their first instructions as
volunteers is not known. Possibly
second million. This would seem to
be the extreme limit, because Germany
must now be hampered, through fail
ure OF equipment. The Germans have
gained large initial advantage over
the allies because they had large re-
serves of war supplies ready for I'M
mediate use when 1lostilities broke
out But there is limit even to Ger
man preparedness and It is probable
that Germany has reached that limit.
Until the armament factories catch up
with the new demand it is doubtful II
Germany can make any large addt-
tions to her first line strength.
The total number OF men Germany
can ultimately put in the field is a
highly technical matter. 1t depends
unon the degree to which German
economic life can be curtatled with
out brinaing disaster to the field
forces. Tb., proportion of men who
must remain at home to keep produc-
tive enthusiasm during the war times
has never been serious worked out.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

United Press Leased Wire Service.
NEW YORK, Dec. 2.-11 a. ND
The French government has revised
its estimate OF the German field
strength. A fortnight ago, the tota'
was placed at sixty-five army corps
OF which fifty were said to be IN
France and Belgium and fifteen In the
Russian operations. In new state
ment the French authorities now In
crease the number to seventy.two and
one-half army corps, placing fifty-two
IN the west and twenty-one and nall
IN the east. The exact number OF
troops in an army corps on war foot
Ing is concealed by all governments
as means OF confusing the enemy.
1t is probable, however. that Ger
man corps has q minimum OF forty
thousand men.
This would give Germany total
field strength at the present time OF
e,960,000.
According to the census Of 1910,
there are 5000, 900 males above the
aFe of twenty in Germany trained 10
arms. Contrary to wide spread pc
lief. conscription in Germany Is not
universal. Almost twice as many men
arrive at the military age as the gov
eminent wants for its recruits Hence,
the 100000 Germans who have had
military training do not represent the
entire available males of the nation.
mere are in addition about S.0o0,ooo
men in Germany above the age OF
seventeen, who have never been IN
ue army. OF Germany's S,0o0,00o
aaeh who have done conscription duty,
'Soo,000 are between the ages OF
twenty-five and forty-five, the remain
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
Continued on page ~
RUSSIA

TUnited Press Leased Wire Service ]
PETRoGRAD, Dec. 2.-The Rus
SLAMS have driven back the Germans
along the vistuIa and now hold PIock
In force. This information reached
here today in unofficial dispatches
from the front telling Of the terrific
fighting in Poland.
PIock is sixty miles northwest Of
Warsaw on the Vistula. 1t was there
that the first determined fighting oc-
CURED In the German advance upon
Warsaw from Thorn. The Russians
were driven back but were last re-
ported to have recovered ground to
Gombin, ten nilcs south Of Plock and
have now occupied that position itself.
Il 10 now admitted that In the vicIn-
Ity Of Lodz and Lowicz, the Germans
have succeeded in cutting. their way
out Of the trap which had been laid
for them. This was only accomplish
cd, however, with terrific losses.
The bIoodiest day Of the fighting in
Poland to date Is said to have been
last Friday. Throughout that day the
Siberian corps stormed German
trenches In the Lodz region. The Rus
slams charged and carried the fighting
directly to the German lines. The
enemy offered terrific resistance. Am
munition was cast aside and the two
forces fought bayonet to bayonet or
cIubbed each other with the butts Of
their rifles. Many resorted to bare
fists before giving up. Not single
German was left alive when the Rus
SLAMS finally came into undisputed pos
session Of the works. The Russian
troops were soaked with blood which
froze on their uniforms.
BY holding PIock. the Russians con-
troll the Vistha which has been serv-
ing as an important line Of eommuni-
cation for the Germans, It is declared
here. Several baraes loaded with sup
plies and ammunition have already
been captured. The Russian troops
are declared to be withstsndinu the
hardships Of the winter campaigning
better than the Germans. All prison
ers captured declared they have en-
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
Prepare for Sea Elaht.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. ]
LONDON, Dec. 2-Germany's naval
activity is again arousing anticipa-
tion of sea fight in which it Is hoped
Great Britain's losses of the past
would be avenged. An unconfirmed
report declares many German ships
at Kiel have left for the North sea. At
Zee Brugge, in Belgium, the greatest
activity continues. Not only have at
least six submarines been construct
ed there. but several destroyers are
in the harbor.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
Train WreckerS.

HARRISBURG, ILL.,, Dec. Rail-
road detectives and county authorities
today are searching for a clew to
train wreclSers who last night fastened
ninety pounds OF dynamite to the rails
of the Big Four near Ted'ford. a min
ing settlement. four miles south Of
here. The explosiv, was discovered
by the engineer of north bound Big
Four passenger train No. %. whose
train ran within twenty yards Of the
dynamite.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
The War at a Glance
Summarized by John Edwin Nevin, United
Press Staff Correspondent.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. ]
FRANCE-Allies assume offensive
between Aisne and Lette rivers
bombarding region Of Vedresse. Ger
man battery at Craonne destroyed
Attacks in region of Ypres and in
Argonne repulseo-
RUSSIA-Russians occupy Plock
and claim control of the Vistula, i'm
portant line of German communica
tions. Desperate fighting in the vicin
ity of Lodz. Czar at the front. Bat
tie still indecisive.
GERMANY-Reichs meets toda'
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

to vote war credits and hear state
ment from imperial chancellor as TO
military situation. Optimism as to
eastern battle increasing Kaiser in
Poland.
activity again arouses anticipation of
a sea fight. Number of German war
ships reported left Kiel for North sea.
Observation-Disclosures lost 1900
prisoners since renewing offensive on
southern front. Carpathian battles
continue.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
BELGIUM
BY William Philip sImms, United
Press staff Correspondent

[By William Philip SImms, United
Press Staff Correspondents
HABEBROUCk, France, Oct. 25.-
(By mail to New York; wish to
record in the first paragraph my deep
regard for the Belgians. The French
"pinch" the average war correspon-
dent and clap him into iai! whenever
he shows the slightest inclination TO
do any corresponding. The English
deport him; the Russians make f'oW-
cry. weicome-to-our-mid speeches-
and keep him so far behind the fight
ina line that he can't even hear the
guns shoot.
But the Belgians are real sports.
They have fellow feeling. They are
all right. They wink an eye and turn
back while we go close enough to
give tho Germans pot shot at US.
Only this morning they let me chase
one Of their own, specially manufae-
tured Belgian battles into Its very lair
along the User rlver-and then let the
battle chase me to Hazebrouck. Need
less to say outran the battle.
Early this morning was In Dun
kirk yearnIng for closer acquaintance
with the fighting could hear going
on twelve miles away. went to the
service lieutenant, gray haired little
reservist, for pass. Plead as ] might
the only pass he would give me was
one to England. left the reserv'st
lieutenant, crest-falIen. and badly dis
appointed. There seemed no hope in
my direction. sauntered by the Bel
CLAN headquarters where met Bel
aian lieutenant with whom had din
ner last night. told him my troubles.
"Too bad" he said. "i'm going to
Hazebrouck today. My iaissez-passer
10 for two. Want to go aIongF
Did u did!
We hurried to the lieutenant's car
and in no tim, passed through the
barricades at the city gates. over the
bridge spanning the sea water noat
and on to the country. The wind
shield had been shot away and as we
turned the road a fine mist stung our
faces like bay rum after close
shave. Not until we passed through
Cou6ekerk did my friend sneak
Like to see some scrapping?" he
casually asked. gasped. swallowing
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

progress there. A virtual state OF
siege also exists on the sea. The
British fleet can only keep up their
patrol duty The Germans remain in
their ports.
Along the entire line from the
coast to Switzerland, both the Ger
man and allied armies are dug deep
in the ground and a three hundred
mile long siege line Is established.
The troops are unable to keep warm.
The suffering from frozen hands and
feet is intense. Sickness Is declared
to be thinning the German ranks, but
neither side has struck blow which
would bring decision and shift the
scene OF operations.
& King George Is expected to meet
President Poincare Of Frunce while
ut the front The French president
has also started on a visit to his
troops. King Albert Of Belgium may
also meet the British monarch. Kais-
er Wilhelm and Czar Nicholas will be
with their troops in Poland for the
critical fighting of this week.
President and King.
PARIS, Dec. 2.-President Poincare
and General Joffre, commander in
chief of the French army, visited
King George yesterday at the head
quarters of General Sir John French,
commanding the British forces
The president and General Joffre
had luncheon and dinner with his ma
jesty. Announcement of the meeting
of the heads of the two allied govern
ments was made today.
President Poincare returned to
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
DEADLOCK REACHED IN THE WAR
GERMANY

limited Press Leased Wire Service.
BERLIN (via The Hasue) Dec. a.
Imperial Chancellor Won Bethmann-
Hollweg is expected today to outline
to the relchstas the position of Ger
many from a military standpoint aft
er 100 days Of war. This is the sec
ond war session Of the relchstag.
Practically the only business to be
transacted Is the voting Of additional
war credits.
Optimism az to the situation on
the eastern frontier is steadily In
creasing.
The fact that the kaiser sg now In
Poland, has impressed upon the Ger.
mans the Importance with which the
present conflict in that section is re-
garded, but there 10 every confidence
that the armies Of Field Marshal Won
Hindenberg and General Mackensen
are more than holding their own. a
bio advance 10 expected momentariiy
Il 10 admitted that In the vicinity
Of Lodz, the Russians all but sue.
ceeded in enveIoping a large force
The Germans fought their way out
however, drove the Russians back
and captured $4,000 prisoners and
twenty-five guns.
Little interest is manifested here
at the present time in the operations
in the west. The German forces
there are known to be we'll able to
hold their present positions until the
eastern issue is settled and offensive
operations may be resumed.
10000 PRISONERS.
BERLIN, Dec. 2. (via wireless te
London 1.-THE northern Poland bat
ties are taking their normal course
In southern Poland the enemy's at
taoks have been repulsed.' the wal
official statement today declares.
"The eastern army has taken 8o,oot
.unwounded Russian prisoners in the
battles between November II and De
cember T."
The statement Of the number o.
prisoners taken covers the fighting t.
date In the second drive against War
saw which began November II. The
states 1t includes the
engagements at WIeolat, Wleciawek
kutno, Lodz and Lowicz.
"Statements Of the foreign press
lt Is declared, "that our $4,000 pris
oners reported at Kutno were includ
ed in our 10000 previously reported
are untrue"
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

--Read The Daily Gate City. 10
cents per week.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
T FRANCE

united Press Leased Wire Service. ]
PARIS, Dec. 2.-The German artil-
Iery is today hammering at the allied
line between Ypres and Arras. Re-
ports reaching here state that rein
foreements continued to come up for
the enemy in this section and the full
quota Of 100000 additional men is ex-
pected to be on the firing line within
the next few days.
Reports have reached here that the
crown prince is to transfer his head
quarters from the Fifth army In the
Argonne to Belgium and may be Civ
en- supreme command Of the German
army Of the west. Il 10 believed here
that the German forces are about to
make one more effort to pierce the
allied line and reach Calais. There
are those who maintain, however,
that such an attack will be withheld
until after the fighting in the east
reaches a decision.
OFFICIAL REPORT.
PARIS, Dec. "A vigorous offen-
sive by the allies between the Aisne
snd the Lette rivers on the main high
way leading to the fortress Of Laon,
occupied by the Germans, Is evident
today in the official communique re-
port of the fighting.
"At Craonne a German battery was
destroyed" the eommun;que states.
"There was lively bombardment in
the region of Vandresse."
vandresse is five miles west of cra-
onne and three miles north Of the
Aisne. It represents the nearest point
to Laon attacked by the allies from
the Aisne.
"The Chateau at Vermelies was TAX
en-" the statement declares. ain the
region Of Ypres an attack Of the enc
my on trenches newly taken by our
troops was repuIsed.
"An attack against Fontaine Ma
dame in the Arsonne was also re2uls-
ed.''
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02
President and king.

Continued on page %
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

CONTINUED on page 2.)
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

CONTINUED on page q.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-02

Subscribers OF The Daily Gate city
are Served the full Leased Wire serv-
ice Of the United Press Associations.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1914-08-15
DULL BRAIN LIKE DULL TOOL
Successful Merchant Tells How He
Develops Brightness Among Those
Who Work for Him.

It's always the dull tool that causes
trouble-and there's seldom any ex-
cuse for It. Just as with dull brain.
1t mixes up all idea of speed. system
and results. It works to the detri-
ment of an entire business. and sew
eral dull tools have been known to
destroy lucrative trade. Thus q
Broadway haberdasher describes sew.
eral recent failures In his business
Il always attempt to employ the
brightest young men obtainable In ny
business. from Office boy to depart.
ment manager. I have found It pays.
Not that / always am successful In
finding the RICH. person at the outset
But II a new clerk appears naturally
dull. l begin to apply the grindstone
of perception to his blunt wits. and
nine times out Of ten I have a SHARP
tool in q short time. He becomes q
part Of my machine that turns out
dollars for me with record speed.
III he's interested in the business
but slow to comprehend. / consider
him worthy Of coaching. l give that
clerk personal attention for such )
time as he is able to keep pace with
the other sharp edges in my employ
He's quick to perceive the interests
of the boss. and he naturally tries u
get my viewpoint"
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1914-08-15
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON EYES
When illumination Is Too Strong, the
Optic Nerve Is Subjected to
Severe Strain.

How few persons realize that they
are actually suffering from snow blind
ness in miniature every time they
read or work over a white surface on
which a brilliant light shines directly.
Haif-tone paper. for instance. which Is
the common medium for the majority
of books we read. will throw a blind
ing glare into the eye Of the reader
II the light strikes 1t at the wrong
angle, and It forms an excellent test
for the selection of proper lighting for
a room and for the placing Of the
lighting fixtures, for lighting diffusion
should be such as to allow comfort
able reading from half-tone paper In
any position.
A dome hanging above dining
table on which is white cloth causes
the light to reflect into the eyes OF
those around the table at an angle
that produces muscular strain. This
has a peculiar effect upon the senses.
and drowsiness and mental inertia
are likely to result. People are likely
to complain of feeling of duiiness at
table. or that they have Indigestion.
when 1t is. in reality. the effect of the
light. A too brilliant light shining d.
rectly into the eye plays many curious
psychological tricks. Deaf people. for
instance, cannot hear so well II they
are facing a brilliantly lighted room.
and, as for being able to see better by
bright light than dim one. exactly
the reverse is the case. for details of
objects become practically lost to the
eye when too much light enters it,
| Suburban Life.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1914-08-15
BREWING In the Middle Ages.

Among the city of London's records
there has recently been brought to
light a writ addressed by King Henry
vi. to the city sheriffs "a. d. 1850
directing them to make proclamation
for all brewers Of 'biere' within their
bailiwick to continue to exercise their
art as hitherto, Notwithstanding the
malevolent attempts that were being
made to prevent natives of Holland
and iceland and others who occupied
themselves in brewing the drink
called 'biere' from continuing their
trade on the ground that such drink
was poisonous and not fit to dsink
and caused drunkenness, whereas II
was = wholesome drink. especially In
summer time" "Such attacks 1.-THE
writ added has already caused many
brewers to cease brewing. and would
cause greater mischief unless stop
ped"
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1914-08-15
nrsadmaklna peaeneratInai

In these days of bakeries on every
corner in town. and travelling bread
wagons through the country. the fine
art of breadmaling Is degenerating.
1t is too much trouble to mix and
knead and make the beautiful brown
loaves. the spicy buns, the tempting
rolls. Rather. we resort to the chaffy
loaf from the baker. or the rolls that
are not as good as the homemade
bread. no matter how good they seem
today. The best bakers bread is far
inferior to the homemade product,
and l rejoice that breadmaking. as
well as stocking-darning. Is being
taught in more public schools each
year.
The b-esd-mixer makes the process
so easy and simple that almost any
one can succeed in the first attempt
Farm and Preside
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1914-08-15
Unlimited Picture Machine.

Professor Cranz has lately submit
ted to the German Physical society a
machine which allows the taking OF
pictures at the rate Of 100000 sec
ond. This enormous limit Is higher
than anything which has been previ-
ously done. Machines are on the
market which allow pictures taken at
the rate Of 5000 second.
Professor Cranz goes 80 far as to
say that this limit is not fixed. but
that the number can still be greatly
increased II 1t IL found necessary.
Bodies moving at marvellous speed
can be photographed in fight. For
instance, the pistol shot can be caught
and followed as far as the camera
lens can reach. Infinite possibilities
seem to be opening up along the NOV
ing picture line II this high-speed pho
Biography can be practically carried
cut.