The Calumet news., 1914-08-27

with damp straw, the dense smoke
} from which issues through a particula,
} chimney, visible from outside and
! proclaims to the outer world that no
election has taken place.
First to cast his ballot is the dean
OF the college, who writes the name of
ms candidate on slip of paper eight
inches in length and four in width.
which he folds. and, sealing it at both
ends, folds ii once more i'm the mid
ole and then drops IL in the bowl near
est his desk. All follow in the order
OF their rank as members of the col
lege.
The burning of the second ballots in
the coming conclave will close the
session OF the day, and adjournment
Will be taken until evening. Here
again, the coming conclave is to diff
fer materially from it's predecessors.
AT the first evening session i'm former
conclaves ii was the rule to afford an
opportunity to those cardinals repre-
senting foreign powers to state what
ever serious objections might exist to
any OF the candidates, and which, in
the event Of that candidates election
as pope, might operate to the advan-
tage OF the Vatican abroad. These oh
jections are always duly considered
Several times in the last century did
the foreign cardinals successfully op-
pose the election OF leading candi-
dates. The right of veto was claimed
at one time or another by France Ger
many, Austria and Italy. But Pope
Plus Y soon after he came to the pa
pal throne, abolished this right OF veto,
80 that it will play no part in the pro-
ceedings at the conclave next week.
Vote Until Choice is Reached.
Compromise candidates have sever
al times been taken by general agree
ment, whenever the race between two !
strong cardinals became so close as to |
deadlock the college.
Proceeding with the election by bal |
lot, voting is continued on the lines |
indicated until a choice is reached, |
and this is made known to the people |
by the absence of the smoke, for al
though the ballots, as in the unsuc-
cessful instances, are also burned, the |
smoke is not permitted to escape.
When the result is reached, it is an
nounced by the ringing of n bell; all
the senior cardinals advance to the
place occupied by the newly chosen
pontiff and inquire if he accepts the
election. on receiving his affirmative
answer. he is at once saluted by the
entire college. He then announces the
name by which he desires to be known
the church.
An interval then occurs during which
the canopies are removed from the
stalls of the cardinals, except that of
the newly elected pope, and His Holi-
ness retires to robe himself in the pom
iflcal vestments.
on his return the fisherman's ring
IS placed on his finger by the Cardinal
and the new Vicar of
Christ gives his first solemn benedic-
ion to the members of the Sacred Col
ege from the steps of the altar. Then,
aking his seat on the sedia gestatoria,
he pope receives the homage of
Their Eminences and again communi-
,ates the name which it is his pleas
Ire to assume as pontiff.
The people then flock into st. Pc
ers to see the pope and receive his
blessing, and the stirring scene which
PRESENTS itself.
Two. Third Vote Necessary.
Until Nicholas H., in 1857, restricted
I, - no nlaatnTG N the SH-
red College, popes were elected by
10Th the clergy and the people. More
han a century later Pope Alexander
IL. issued decree making two
birds vote of the cardinals necessary
or the election OF a pope.
One of the curious and not generally
nown fundamental rules limited to
leric and that any faithful Catholic,
ven though he be a layman, is elig-
BILE. 1t is true that this rule Is more
IGNORED i'm the breach than in the OBJ
ervance, as the last layman was
lected in 1924, when Crescentius, be-
ng raised to the pontificate, was I'M
1ediatelv ordained and became John
TX. Several attempts have been made
D
D clerics, but they have invariably
,iled.
Neither does there exist any law or
equation to render compulsory the
hoice of an Italian. But the predom-
nance of Italians in the Sacred Col
,ge makes the choice of one OF their
ationality a practical certainty. The
ALLAN majority is strong in number.
ut IL is stronger still in influence. All
he affairs of the papacy are directed
v the Italian Cardinals residing IN
ome. AS heads of congregations they
ave the power exercised elsewhere py
,binet ministers. Their views are
arried out by Italian subordinates'
all of the Vatican officials
3 well as tn papal nuncics are Italian
II these people, with their influence
hich is strong, have nothing to gain