davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07


Washington, ID. c.. April g. isi4-s p m
FORECAST FOR TUESDAY AND
WEDNESDAY.
For the District of Columbia-In-
creasing cIoudiness and warmer Tues
day, rain by night and probably on
wednesday; colder Wednesday; gentle
south breezes, becoming north wednes-
day.
For VirSinIa-IncreasIng cloudiness
and warmer Tuesday, rain at night
and Wednesday, gentle south breezes,
becoming variable.
The western disturbance Of Sunday night has
moved TO Northern Texas the trough Of depression
extending northeastward through the Ohio Valley
and the southern Upper Lake Region and marked
high pressure prevails to the northwsrd with re-
sulting general rains and SHOWS from the Rocky
Mountains eastward through the Lake Region and
the Ohio VALLEY. Elsewhere over the country the
weather fair. excerpt in the Middle Plateau
where there were local rains.
Ii is decidedly warmer to the eastward and south
colder to the northward. West Of the Rocky Noun
tains temperature changes were unimpprtant-
The southwestern disturbance will move cast north
and the northern hgh-pressure ARIA cast
southeastwsrd and there will be rain or snow Tues
day in the Plains States, the Missouri and Upper
Mississirsi valleys and the Lake Region. and rain
in the Ohio Valley and the Southwest. followed by
generally fair weather Wednesday. except In the
Lake Region where local SHOWS sre probable. There
will also be rains or in the South Atlantic
and the Middle Atlantic States and Tuesday night
or "Wednesday in the South Atlantic and East Gulf
States In the Northwest and extreme West the
weather will he generally fair Tuesday and wednrs-
day.
II will be warmer Tuesday IN the Atlantic States
and colder in the central valleys the Plains States
and the Southwest. II will be colder wednesday in
the East and probably in the South.
There will be over the NORTH and Middle Atlantic
gentle 10 moderate south bVeezrs: the South
Atartc gentle east brcezes. excerpt variable OF the
south Florida coast; tle East Gulf gentle to
moderate south breezes; over the West Gulf gentle
to moderate south breezes Shifting to north wcdnes-
day; over Lake Michigan moderate north breezes.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07
Tide Table.
DEATH RECORD.

Today-Low tide. use a M; high tide. 5
/. m. and Is p.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07
Temperatures in Other Cities.
Rain

Temperatures in other cities together with the
amount Of rainfall for the twenty-four hours ended
at p m yesterday. follows:
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

Delegates to the convention of the
American Society of Marine Drafts
men, to be held in this city April II
and IS. will be elected at a meeting
of Navy Yard Branch, in G. A. r. Hall.
1412 Pennsylvania Avenue, Thursday
night.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

largest Morning Circulation.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07
WEATHER CONDITIONS.
FORECAST FOR TUESDAY AND
WEDNESDAY

U. s. Dept. Of Agriculture. Weather Bureau.
Washington, ID. c.. April 6, ls4-s p m.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

Mrs. Glenna 3. Tinnin, director of
plays at the House of Play, will give
an address in Philadelphia April IS
at the morning session of the conven-
tion Of the Drama League of America.
Her subject will be her work with the
children at the House of Play
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

Samuel III. Bassett, an empIoye of the
ONCE of the auditor for the Navy De-
partment. and Mrs. Rosa L. Dennis, Of
1914 Eighth street northwest, were
married in Rockville Saturday after
noon by Rev. Samuel r. White.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

Joseph w. Folk, former Solicitor for
the State Department, but now So
iicitor for the Interstate Commercs
Commission. was admitted to practice
before the Supreme Court yesterday
on the motion Of the Attorney Cen
eral.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

+. A. Peret, Peruvian Minister to
the United States. will speak on Com
trast in the Development of Nation
alities in Latin and Anglo America"
at a meeting of the Anthropological
Society in the National Museum this
afternoon at 4:30 o'clock.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

The beard Of education VIII hold q
meeting in the Franklin Building to-
morrow afternoon. at $3.50.
The Washington herald., 1914-04-07

DIR. NJ. G. Kyle. archaeologist, viii
give an illustrated lecture this even
ing at the Washington Foreign Mis-
sion Seminary, Takoma Park, on Hid
den Treasures"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
WHO FOUNDED THE
TRIPLE ALLIANCE,

which to do this That to pick on some pres
text quarrel with Servia, to wage war against
that country, and to compel it to recede from the
ground which it had thus taken. The preteXt
which was thus created proved to be much more
tragic than had been Intended. but Of course 1t
was not FOR that reason abandoned. So IT came
to pass that ten days ago Austria practically dc
manded as an alternative to war that Seryla
.bould abdicate her independent sovereignty ana
make herself an administrative sppanage 70 Aus
triq. All other demands than that Servla was
willing TO grant, for the sake Of peace. her
korvledge of her own governments integrity ana
blamelessness for the Sarajeyo crime emboldened
her to court all possible inquiry. But she could
not and would not assent TO having Austrian IN
ouisitors usurp the places of Servan judges ana
manufacture at Belgrade the spurious evidence
which had been trumped up the year before al
Agram So she refused that ono demand, and at
that Austria having anticipated such refusal de-
clared war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

seizure Of Bosnia and Herzegovina destroyed for
a time her hope Of an outlet in that direction
But she did expect as the fruit Of her heroism
in :he war with Turkey to be permitted 20 take
Scutar When that was denied her, through
Austrian opposition, her resentment against that
power was greatly increased and confirmed.
More than that. She had at any rate taken
Novi Bazaar and thus made herself directly con
tiguous with Montenegro, state purely Serb
as Servia herself. The next step was logical and
formidable 1t was TO make a compact with Mon
tenegro for the organic union Of the two nations.
That has been done within the present year.
So long as Nicholas of Montenegro lives the
Black Mountain will remain nomnally separate
from Seryia. But when he is gathered to his
fathers his son will not succeed him, but will
abdicate and renounce the throne in favor Of the
King of Seryia. Then the two countries will be
united under a single sovereign and government,
as England and Scotland are.
Now this rvo-Montenegrin compact which
was for a time kept secret became known at vi
emma only little while before the fatal visit OF
the Austrian heir presumptive to Sarajevo. As
might be supposed. it created profound senss-
ton and aroused both CONSERVATION and wrath.
II was recognized as placing il it we're permitted
to stand the final seal of doom upon Austria's
ambitions in that direction Then il was deter
mined by hook or by crook. to have that compact
broken There, seemed to be only one way in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
TYPICAL RUSSIAN ARMY OFFICERS AAO FIELD Gun

There was another and perhaps still stronger
purpose in the rape Of the Serb provinces. That
was to push toward another sea, the Hgean BY
way of Novi Bazaar, the Vardar Valley and Salon
lea That had been Austrias ambition for many
years. More than once she had practically offered
&c support Russia in Selling Constantinope II
Russia would support her in Selling Salonica.
She had sought to secure sanction for such eXpan-
SIGN at the Berlin Congress of 1878, and though
she then failed her whole Eastern policy there
after had been directed to that end. To that end
she had alternately cajoled and bullied Servis,
striving to make and keep that country dependent
upon her. And the most maddening blow that
Austria had received since the loss OF Venetia
was that inflicted by Serva in annexing Now
Bazaar and Kossovo and forming a political union
with Montenegro, thus throwing complete bar
rier across Austria's path TO the Egean. That is
a barrier which cannot be turned, and in conse-
quence Austria in desperation is now resolved, II
possible. 10 break it down.
One other quest Of the must be mentioned.
That is Servia's. For centuries she has been shut
inland. Even in the restoration Of her indepen-
dence she has been denied sea coast, and has
been dependent upon Austria Hungary for all
direct communication and intercourse with the
rest Of Europe Naturally she has desired the
sea frontage which she formerly possessed. For
Bosnia and herzegovina, Dalmata and Torthern
Scutari are all Serb countries The Austrian
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
lgfTg h

and thus to make the whole eastern Adriatic coast
Austro- Hungarian, from Istria TO Epirus.
In some respects the second of these designs
the Austrian seizure of the sanjak of Now Bazaar
is the most important Of all. 1t would be most
fatal to Servia, for it would not only deprive her
Of extensive and valuable territory, but also 1t
would geographically isolate her from Montene-
gro. and thus make political union with that
country vain and shut Servia away from the sea-
which she is now able to reach at Antvari 1t is
quite certain that this achievement is the one
upon which Austrian hearts are set more than
any other Il will be recalled that there was
terrible scene at Vienna few years ago. when 1t
became known that Count Aerenthal, at the same
time that he seized Bosnia and Herzegovina, COM
mitted his government to the REIMBURSEMENT to
Turkey Of that limited occupation Of Now Bazaar
which it had exercised since 1873 His idea was
of course thus to mollify the Turkish government
ard minimize its objections end resentment over
the theft OF the Serb provinces. But the for
ward" party at Vienna. and even the venerable
Emperor himself, regarded it great mistake
which must Ut some time be rectihed. "You should
have seized the Serb provinces" Aerenthal was
told, "but at the time you should have held
fast TO the sanjak. Remember, it is TO him that
hath that more shall be given!"
So great was the displessure at the minister's
blunder that it by the nsrrowest of margins
that he escaped summary and humiliating dis
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

gary has long been seeking the sea- or more OF
the sea There have been many ill-advised jests
directed at Shakespeare for speaking Of the sea
coast Of Bohemia showing chiefly the ignorance
of those who make them; for the fact is, OF
course. that prior to Shakespeare's time, as that
poe: doubtless knew, Bohemia was a maritime
power. with an extensive and important frontage
upon the sea-much Of the very same coast which
Austria possessed after she had acquired Bohemia,
and som, Of which she still possesses II was
largely for the frontage the sea that Austria
so priced and clung to Venetia and it is for the
same cause that she now chiefly values Kusten-
land.
But that Istrian frontage is insufficient and un-
satisfactory. 1t contains only the one port OF
Trieste and the one watering place Of Abbazis,
while Croatia, adjoining, gives TO Hungary only
the ono port Of Fiume. No wonder that 1t was
determined at all hazards and al the sacrifice o.
pliehted faith to seize the Serb provinces of Bos-
MIA and Herzegovina in order to secure an ample
hinterland for the tenuous Dalmatan ttoral, and
thus TO give the Dual Realm effective seacoast
Of more than three hundred miles No wonder,
either that il was similarly determined to set up
the puppet state Of Albania, TO be "a practical APP
panage Of Austria and TO give that power some
hundreds Of miles more Of coast almost contlnu-
Gus from Dalmatia southwark. TO and beyond the
Strait Of Otranto, with frontage not merely on
the Adriatc, but also on the open Ionian Sea-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
'S91 Afevs5fIo>z.z AeSerr

only By the Intervention Of Russia. The Ssr-
dnians and French overwhelmed her in 1853, and
she was saved from far heavier losses than those
which she actually suffered only by the peridy OF
Louis Napoleon in betraying and selling out his
aly Finally, in 1866, Prussia inflicted upon her
one of the most crushing and humiliating defeats
in history.
Such has been the Austrian record in war
True it has long been proverbial that, in spite
of-at times apparently because of-these very
things. Francis Joseph has commanded the loyalty
and affection of the people TO an extraordinary
extent This is quite true. But that loyalty and
affection are given to him personally and not to
his dynasty or to his government
1t was in recognition % this fact that Francis
Ferdinand, not lone before his tragic ending,
having BY that time recovered from the madness
of the days in which he was follower OF the
notorious Jew-baiting Dr. Lucger in his christian
Socialist anti-Semite party" and his almost equally
yenomous snt-Magysr propaganda had adopted
the momentous design Of reeastng the Dual
Realm and of Transforming 1t into federal en-
pire a basis resembling that Of Germany. He
meant that when he became Emperor there should
be a number of sovereign states. Austria should
have the hegemony of them. Prussia does in
Germany But there should be several other
ostensibe independent and equal states, such as
Hungary, Bohemia, Croatia and perhaps Morayia
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

Va the supreme conflict OF classic Greece, from
wiltiades 10 Alexander As for Rome, she long
f.ocd on the one side and the rest Of the world
o. The other Later IL was the Western Empire
against the Gauls and Goths, and the Eastern
Empire against the Says and Turks. Again IN
the Crusading days it WAS Europe against Asia.
Then il was Latin against Teuton, even down to
Naooleons time Indeed. that same conflict was
maintained down 70 our day, in the strife Of
Italy and France against Austria, and OF France
against Germany in the Terrible Year.
Now. however comes a new force to the fore.
The Slavic race. hitherto secondary TO Teuton
or Latin takes the lead in the new world-align-
ment II is now Slay against Teuton, with the
two chief Latin powers secondary. the one on the
one side and the other on the other.
As many times Of old, too, it is 3 fight for &C,
cess 70 the sea. The cry Of XenOphon's Ten Thou
sand, "Thalattal Thalstta!" has been repeated,
in desire or in realization, by many nation in
many . campaign IL the that the Phoe-
nieians sought in their colonizstions thirty-one
centuries ago; and that the Dorians sought thirty
centuries back when they supplsnted the Peiasgi
In the Peloponnesus. II was the that the
Assyrians sought when they overran Syria, and
that the Babylonians sought when they conquered
JUdea and Egypt. u the sea that Darius and
his Persians sought when they invaded Thrsce
and oppressed the Greek colonies Of Asia Minor
When st last the powers fronting on the Great
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

Sea we're supreme over all others, the strife TO
reach the sea was ended for time, and was trans
formed into struggle for the seas control. But
later. when again great inland powers arose, the
old quest was renewed. The so-called "Nill Of
Peter the Great" is VIGOROUSLY a sheer invention,
sprung upon the world by Napoleon Bonaparte for
the furtherancc Of his own purposes But 1t is
quite true in its expression Of the unresting ef-
forts Of the great Slav power to gain an outlet
upon an unfrozen sea. Peter secured at the CAPT
tai which bears his name what he described as a
window looking upon Europe; but il is "a winIo"
TOO much barred with frost, and the same rs to
be said Of all the Russian conQuests along tho
Baltic The great Catherine g9 ned a frontage
on the Euxine. but the narrowing Sympegladcs
were still between her and the high seas Of 'hc
world. march was made across Siberia to the
Pacific to get only ice-lockcd hsrbor and to
find Japan blocking the way TO warmer waters.
Longing eyes have been east toward the North
Atlantic but miles Of Sweden and Norway inter
vene An essay has been made toward the Per-
sian Gulf. but there Great Britain is in the way.
Russian history for two hundred years has been
a story Of efforts to reach the open sea.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
THE PART OF AGGRESSION NOT AUsTRlAS
GREATEST ROLE.

II is true that the famous Prince Eugene d'd
win some notable victories over the Turks, though
no, solely with Austrian forces; but the fruits oil
them had to be largely relinquished. FREDERICK
the Great Of Prussia beat Austria badly, and she
was saved from ruin only by the succor given o
inc Iungsrians and other allies. Again in ting
Seven Years War the great Frederick vanquisheoN
her. The French revolutionists beat her and
drove her out of Lombardy and the Netherlands.
Napolcon defeated her, and in 1909 despoiled and
h,miliated her at will In the Grand Alliance
at Leipsc and elsewhere, the leadership was given
to her for political reasons and she merely shared
in tho victories of her allies.
The venetans beat her in ls4s, and though she
did rccoup that loss she quickly suffered defeat
at the hands Of the Hungarisns, and was saved
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
TIE SLAV AGAINST THE TEUTON IN 4 NEW
WORLD ALIGNMENT.

in any case Austria has made the tragedy
protest for prccipitating conflict which threat
ems 10 involve al Europe in the greatest
cstsclysm that has been known since the fall Of
Napoleon just hundred years ago; doing so
with a disregard OF the treaty Of The Hague As
profoundly coutcmptuous that which she
fru years ago manifested toward the treaty Of
berlin. IN which there is another exemplihcs-
ton OF the wisdom OF the Preacher in saying
thst there is nothing new under the sun.
For this conflict, primarily between Austria
Hungary and Servis and potentially between the
Triple Alliance and tho Triple Entente, is really
merely = new alignment in strife which has
bern vsecd internationally since the dawn OF
history. and the real cssus belh is ono which
has been conspicuous and potent FOR many cen
'urics and among many powers.
From the earliest times the civilized nations
layc generally been divided into two great
camps. sutsgouistic II not openly belligcrcut.
And a. intervals in and ever since classic days
some nation has been seeking access TO the open
sea.
The strife OF Iran against Tursn was the bur
den OF the Epic OF Kings. Europe against Asia
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
Facts in a Situation Which
Threatens a CONT
nent-Sh0king War.
Rs WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON.

"HERE is a new lineup in the wordo'd
game OF war; and Slav snd Teuton are
the protagonists, with the once suprco-
Latins In second place. That is the
broader aspect OF the scene in which an uucN.
psiDed tragedy is the prctcXt for involving half
the civilized world iu war That is the present
state OF Europe, no matter how the crime OF
Ssrsjcvo was committed and nc matter wha,
may come OF the Austro-Scrvisu quarrel
Austrisns say that Francis Ferdinand was
killed by a Serb. as the result Of Serb con-
spirscy for which the Scryisn government was
responsible; some hot-hcads even declaring that
rbc Servjsn Crown Prince Regent was party TO
fhe plot. Scryisns say that the whole plot was
made and executed by Austrian subjects on
Austrian soil, probably AZ the incitcment Of Of
srumping up a cause Of quarrel and prcteNt
for aggression; the executors Of the scheme &c
ing through passion or accident further than
was intended and making tragedy Of what was
meant 20 be mclodrsms.
Either version may be true or neither Il
-s known that there have been Serb conspiracics
In the Seryia lrredcnts OF Austria-Hungary
against the continuance Of Austro-Hungarsn
Ucspotism over those provinces. It is also known
that a year ago Austrian agents planted
bombs in Croatia for the purpose Of manufactur-
ing criminal evidence against Serb leaders. It
Sc also known that few weeks before the crime
80 Ssrajcvo some Vienna newspapers published
obviously inspired articles similar in tone and
suggestion to those which preceded the dis
covery Of the planted" bombs in Croatia.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

Austria Hungary'S Ignor-
ing of Treaty Which
She Signed.

rnissal; and indeed he thus escaped and was per-
mitted to remain in Office only on the understand
ING that all the machinery OF the state, AND par
,icuIarIy of the secret police and underhanded
diplomacy should be set and kept at work Tor
tho repairinc Of the error. There has not Deeh
q moment since then in which Austria has NOT
been intent on making some pretext for seizihe
Novi Bazsr Her opportunity has now come, ana
it is safe to say that that is the chief opJecuNe
in this campaign. All other aims will be suoor-
dinsted TO that of getting possession OF the san
jak
These are brave plans for Austrian expansion
I'm. they are not yet fulfilled, and IL is by no
means certain that they ever will be. For fatu-
.usly negecting the ancient Injunction "bei'a
ccrau. ali; tn. felix Austria. nube" Austria has
Of late been making unfortunate marriages ana Is
nov, seeking to gain her ends by means OF war
And it is one of the impressive facts oil his'o'y
that scarcely once in her more than eleven cent
iries of existence has Austria been entirely sue
ccesful in an aggressive war, unless through '"s
aid Of powerful allies. while seldom has she oech
victorious even in sef-defence, even against IN
forior movers. On the contrary, she has been
beaten again and again, by almost every power
with which she has come into contact
When the Hspsburg dukes came into possession
Of the Eastern Mark, six centuries anu 'hl'u
ego. they extended their domain "by marriage oy
purchase and otherwise but little II at all oy
force of arms. unless those Of their alhes' Inc
one grea. Hapsburg victory in battle, the March-
field. was wen by others than Austrlans' Inc
Swiss beat Austria repeatedly, at Morgarten ana
at Sempach. The Turks beat her, besiegihg
Vienna and compelling the payment OF much trio-
ute as the price of her retention OF territories
nj hoo hcrf in
OF Rudolph H. The French beat her IN inc 'a?'
81 Ferdinand III and took Alsace from her IN the
Ieace Of Westphslia. The Hungarisns ana urk,
beat her badly and again besieged VIENNA An1
would have taken that capital and conquered All
.,,,tr;o ,sd not John Sobieski and the Poles come
TO the rescue.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
AUsTRIAS THREEFOLD PURPOSES IN At
TACKING SERVIA.

Now the purposes Of Austria in this war are
tbreefold One is to cripple Servia, to humiliate
her. to impose upon her huge debt for war IN
demnity and to exact from her in the peace treaty
practical acknowledgment Of Austrian suzeran-
ity second is TO compel Servia to relinquish
Novi Bazaar in favor of Austria, and thus let her
self he separated from Montenegro by an Aus
rian wedge and at the same time to compel her
20 renounce the projected union with Monte
negro. The third is in case Montenegro assists
Seryia. as. Of course, she will, to punish that
country by taking from her the little sea coast
which she now possesses, so as to make the Aus
trian littors Of Dalmstia extend unbroken down
to the qussi-Austrian puppet State Of Albania
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02

Continued on third page.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-08-02
RUSSIA NOT ALONE IN THE PRESENT-DAN
QUEST FOR AN OUTLET.

Nor has Russia been singular in that quest.
-Four times has our own country been party 20 1t.
Once was when VIC were ready TO fight France and
the world for an outlet down the Mississippi. AND
a second essay was at the same time, when pio-
neers we're sent over the mountains to win title
10 the Pacific Coast The third time was in the
days Of "Fifty-four Forty Fight with two
nations contcnding for Oregon and its ocean front
age; and the fourth was when Canada vainly
sought to break through or Alaskan Panhandle
for short cut from the Klondike to the sea.
Still more TO the present purpose, Austria Hun