The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1914-01-02

as'A"eion' tnat president, cabipet !.
ncers, senators and represantss, VI
take the view that we must -
nave the foundations of pooa sa ,s.
tary and naval organization So ~. 'il.
the pinch of necessity comas a.
VIII be something substantial 'ei y
training and equipment from VIII =
the volunteer sea and land force, ~
get proper guidance and ouick,v 'aa
transformed into effective f,gbt,s =
units. nung
Big Service for Humanity.
In recent years, as the new adr,,.
istration is pointing out In connao., ,'l'
with its army and navy program tSu
militant organizations have nerfor, NO
services for humanity In no wav ICY
nected with campaigns against humar
foes, Secretary Garrison has said.
We have a record of eff1ciencv J.,
the discharge of a great yar,aty -
duties as shown In the establishment
and conduct of the military pova~.
ments OF Cuba, Porto Rico and ~
Philippines governments whose a..
Establishment and maintenance war;
accompanied, among other things h.
great sanitary reforms, notably =
Cuba, where the work resulted in ~
discovery of the causes and metbod.
of handling yellow fever, and also n
the removal Of this tropical scouroa
from Cuba, and thereby rendering ,ts
elimination from the southern united
States possible"
The doctors Of the army and navy
constantly are at work trying to solve
disease problems. Col. William r
Gorgas of the army, who by his SAM.
tary work made the Panama canal
possible" is now on leave of All.
sence granted by the war department
so that he may help the mine owner.
of South Africa to stamp out the dis.
ease which kills hundreds of their am.
ployes every year. Some of the phy.
sicians of the naval service and not.
ably some of the physicians of the
marine hospital service, are now sta.
toned in various parts of the world
studying bubonic plague problems and
other problems to which the definite
sanitary answer has not yet been
found. The officers of the twin sery-
Ice say that their work in the main
is much more one of saving than it
Is Of killing.
Literary Test for Aliens.
President Wilson in his address
to congress at the opening of the
regular session had nothing to
say about the passage OF a law
to restrict immigration by the
means of the insertion of the educa.
tional clause In the statutes. 1t is
now known definitely, however, that a
majority Of members in the house and
senate is In favor of the insertion In
the law of clause which shall pre-.
vent the landing in America of Immi.
grants who can neither read nor write
Last year bill was passed with the
educational provision included, but
President Taft interviewed with his
veto, and while the senate voted to
pass it over his veto, the house de-
clined by small majority.
The question has come up again, and
just now 1t is a sharp one in both
house and senate. The forces of the
advocates and Of the opposition al.
ready are aligned. Hearings are be-
ing held and 1t is likely that an immi-
grafton bill similar to the one passed
last year will go through both house
and senate. and be presented to the
president for his signature some time
before the early summer. The general
belief In Washington is that President
Wilson will sign the bill.
Before the committee Of congress
there have appeared representatives
OF the Jews. who come from Russia,
representatives OF the Poles, Hungari-
ans. Bohemians, Italians and other
races which form a large part of the
tide.
Arguments of Opponents.
The advocates of the admission of
the Russian Jews, many of whom
would be kept away If the illiteracy
test were imposed, haveNtold congress
that many of the Jews who come
from Russia are fleeing from persecu-
ton, and that to keep them out would
be cruelty and possibly would sub
NIT them to the penalty of death.
A prominent Polish American, N. l. (
Piotrowski, who Is the city attorney
OF Chicago, in speaking before the Inn
migration committee of the house ar
gued that the Poles had been robbed
Of their own country and their own
Independence and having been down
trodden and prosecuted. their only ref
lge from oppression ia this country.
He said that Poland gave two OF
her noblest and most valiant sons 10
his country In her struggle for inde-
oendence, Kosciusco and Pulaski. he
said. also, that If the literacy clause
we're included in the immigration bill
many Of the liberty seeking Poles
would be denied a chance to reach
and where their ideals can be real
zed.
On the other hand. the committees
If congress have been told that the
r.iY1 ~ oil ,la .eaa L. GRO recruited