Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-08-13


launched in 1875 near the bridge just
above the Passaic Falls at Paterson,
and it still lies there, where 1t may
be seen when the water in the river
is low.
A second was launched in 1877 and
third in 1881. In 1900, after a series
OF severe tests, a Holland boat. was
ordered by the United States govern
ment for the navy, and three years
later eight submarines of this type
were put in commission. These had
speed of about eight knots an hour,
displacement of 122h tons and $50
horsepower.
Later Mr.. Holland devoted himself
to the designing of smaller and more
compact submarines. having less
complicated machinery and being
safer and capable of longer submer-
sion
Speaking in 1900 of the commercial
and traffic possibilities of the subma-
rine, Mr.. Holland wrote:
For transatlantic travel subma-
rine boats will never be possible COM
mercially. For short trips, however,
the submarine offers commercial adj
yantages that will render II danger
Gus rival of the surface-sailing vessel,
if, indeed, it does not drive the latter
entirely out of the competition In par
JlcuiaT L
the trip across the English channel.
No other water journey causes an
equal amount of suffering. The most
hardened traveller becomes seasick
there. On the submarine there Will
be no seasickness, because in sud-
merged boat there is absolutely no
perceptible motion. Before
the traveller fairly realizes that a
start has been made. the boat will be
| fast at her dock in Calais.
Not Dream.
iiThis is no dream. 1t is simply
| the forecast of trip that l myself
expect to make some day, and / am
| fifty-nine years old. These
boats will be from $50 to 200 feet in
length. Larger boats will never be
feasible, unless we discover some bet
ter system of storing electricity than
exists today-a contingency which is
extremely doubtful.
Experience teaches that
submarine navigation is the safest
method of water travel we have. For
more than 300 years there have been
submarine boats In all that time
only one life has been lost in boat
running beneath the water.
1 have travelled in submerged boats
under all sorts of conditions and with
all SOfIS Oh crews. All my WI IA AAoS
been experimental, the most danger
GUS stage of any mode of travel. Yet
l have never had an accident.
Possibly some people will exclaim
against my statement that only one
| life has been lost in a submerged
boat. They will point to half r. dozen
cases eff record where whole crews
lost their lives. The answer to this
| is very simple. the men
operating the boats were drowned
while they were using them as sur
face boats. and because of that fact
The boat built by McClintock and
Howgate for the Confederates sank
four times with her crews, the last
time after she had blown up the
Housatonic."
Twenty Years In Aeronautics.
| Mr. Hollands experiments in aero
nautics covered period of more than
twenty years. He was an ardent en-
thusiast of flying machines in the
DAYS when to breach the subject a
person would be looked upon as an
idle dreamer Because of ridicule OF
some of his first experiments MT
Holland felt compelled to carry on his
tests in secret. 1t was always his
firm belief that the perfect flying ma
chine will embody the same principle
as that of the bird in fight.
1t was in the early nineties that Mr.
Holland constructed his first flying
machine, an orthopter.
He was living in Fourth avenue
near Garside street, at the time. Rev.
James ]. Brennan, who died in 1897,
was a great friend of Mr.. Holland.
At that time Father Brennan was
rector of the Sacred Heart Church.
The priest was interested in Mr.. Hol-
lands work so he told the inventor
to use for the construction OF his
aircraft the stable in the rear of the
building at Ridge street and Sixth
avenue. that is now used as the
Sacred Heart School.
The Holland orthopter had bamboo
for the frame work and its wings
were of linen. To operate the ma
chine Mr. Holland used mechanical
contrivance to be attached to his
arms.
machine in the Barn"
There was muct secrecy in that
neighborhood at the time about the
"fying machine that was in the
church barn" so when Mr.. Holland
finally decided to give the invention
an actual trial, there was always a
crowd on hand to watch him. Some
looked on in wonder and other
thought him engaged in the impossi-
BILE.
The machine failed when it came
time for the final test. Mr.. Holland
attempted to start the orthopter from
the barn roof but was able to travel
less than twenty feet because OF the
machine not offering sufficient power
to create the necessary atmospheric
resistance. On some occasions the
machine would dash right into the
ground, disarranging what parts of
the aircraft that were not broken. Mr..
Holland always escaped injury. how
ever, because the roof shed was only
about ten feet above the ground and
his fall comparatively short.
The inventor repaired the machine
many times and kept on trying. He
did not meet with any decided sue
cess by these experiments and when
his submarine boat ideas were tax
inr successful shape about this time,
he abandoned the flying machine idea
until seven years ago.
Mr.. Holland built two more flying