davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
MUCH Is TO BE GAINED BY
THINNING FRUIT.
BV r., ER

While the advantages OF thinning
fruit are recognized by all. neglect of
thinning fruit Is more usual than the
opposite. Some effective thinning is
done at the time OF pruning the tree
each spring, but this is not sufficient.
The best practice requires that the
peaches on a limb shall not be closer
than 0 Il to six inches. This will
mean knocking eff from half to three
fOurthS of the peaches. Some who
practice thinning peaches reduce the
number of peaches still more.
he best time for thinning is when
the peaches are about the size Of a
small prune, and after what is known
as the June drop"
The hired man, working on a step
ladder, makes the cost of the thinning
Of a medium rec about five cents.
The effect on the size Of the remaining
fruit is astonishing, increasing the
Salable value of the remaining fruit
sufficient to pay one thousand per cent
on the cost Of the work OF thinning, to
say nothing Of the great saving to the
strength of the tree in reducing the
number of pits borne.
The flesh of the peach is largely
water. The greater draught on the
strength of the tree Is the production
of the pits. In thinning peaches we
reduce the number Of pits rs to so
per cen and almost or fully double
the size Oh the peaches. IL is ptlttl
to knock off ONE Of the peaches OF
a loaded tree rather than allow the
tree to OVerbear, even if h thinning
must be lone somewhat roughly.
On every side We see evidences al
the great advantages to be derived
from thinning fruit. In n case, The
result Of moderate thinning resulted
as follows: Peaches from thinned Ell
berta trees ran lao to $50 peache;
to the bushel, while in the same or
: chard, fruit from unthinned tree
numbered from $50 TO 212 peaches t
the buShel.
r Peaches are gathered as soon u
~ripening begins and before they haV
r become soft. An experienced pickle
knows at a glance when the rruit
, in proper condition. The fruit SHOULD
e never be pressed with the thumb L
determine its ripeness. When gath
cred the fruit is taken at once to tn
s packing shed, where it is graded al
packed. The most rigid standard
o should characterize the asserting an'
f packing Of grdaes. One misshaper
soft or understood specimen may spol
E the whole package. Any deception
either intentional or otherwise, IN tn
9 selling of the crop is sure at last t
bring loss.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
SCAB OFTEN DEVELOPS
ON FRUIT IN STORAGE

Scab on apples is too familiar to
need much description. IT first APP
pears as small, circular, olive-coloreo
spots on the skin of the apple. These
later enlarge, many of them becoming
one-fourth of an inch or more in dia-
meter, rounded, roughish and dark
oliye-colored, usually surrounded by
a light gray border. Several spots
may cOalesce and form irregular
patches, sometimes covering q large
portion of the apple. In severe at
tacks, especially those resulting from
early infections when the fruit Is
small, the apples often become crack
ed and badly distorted in shape u
TO the unequal growth OF the healthy
| and diseased portions.
While scab on the fruiJ is largely a
| superficial growth, the injury it does
| directly and indirectly is by no means
confined to simple damaging Of the
appearance Of the fruit. Epide1nIcs
| Of pink rot and some or the blue 1nolo
decay come from secondary infections
Of these fungi through scab spots.
! Seabby apples in addition to belnG
more likely to decay, wither more
ranid1y in storage than do perfect
apples: .t,ac1, rhe
lowers twigs, le~af-stalks. leaves and
fr,,;t hut it is upon h last two tnal
It's aDpearance is most pronllenl
While severe attacks on the leaNeS oo
m,ch TO weaken h trees. n olrec'
monetarv loss to the ~orchardlst Is
rreates, from the effects or 1rult III
jury. - common exoeri.
ance that the lower leaves on tne tiTe
ave- he first to show attacks Ok St''
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

thence raking and burning the leaves
would do much To lessen the danger
q infection. The formation Of Win
ter spores takes place more readily
when the leaves fall on sod or are
partly covered by grass IT other
caves Orchard cultivation produces
conditions u~ntaTorable To the pTopa-
cation Of scAo spores and early plow-
ing burIes many Of them where they
Will decay and do no damage.
from information 10y men VINO have
made d study OF this disease. Il would
seem that the appearance. growth
and spread Of apple scab in storage is
by no means uncommon. Scab IN
storage may develop on fruit which.
when placed in the cellar. appeared
entirely free from the disease. Fruit
from trees n "a are well sprayed Will
be less likely TO develop the disease in
storage. Scabby apples should be
carefully sorted from the sound be-
fore storing. The temperature OF
storage should be as low as consistent
with safety and not subject TO abrupt
changes. Very moist storage condi-
lions should be avoided
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
Austrians Claim Progress.

London, Oct. 1S.-Reuter's -Amstcr-
dam correspondent has forwarded the
following official statement regarding
operations in Gelicia. which was Civ
en- out in Vienna Saturday noon:
The battles on the line running
through Starry, Sambor and Aiedyl
and on the river San are progressing
f~avorably, as are also II operations
against the enemy along the Dniester
river. North of WysZkoW the Rus
SLAMS were again attacked and re-
pulsed.
AT SyneUuckowysze ON troops
forced a crossing Of the Stry river.
conquered the heights north II
Synowuckowysze and pursued the
enemy. We further occupied the
heights Of Podbusz, south OF starry
and Salnbor. after severe lighting.
Our attacks north OF the Stry rlvcr
are progressing.
North of Przemysl on ths EAST bank
OF the San river our troops are gain
ing ground. Up until now about 10
600 prisoners have been taken
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

Paris. oct. 1S.-G2:0e y. M \
Havas Agency dispatch from Nish
says:
The Austrians again have been dc
ieated in Servian territory near The
Drina. They attacked the ScrVian
right with infantry and artillery on
Mount Goutchevo but were met by a
terrible fire and retired. They came
back 3 times. Finally the Austrian
infantry was in part annihilated and
the remainder put TO rout.
"A column Of their infantry il the
ravines of the Save river fell under
a cross fire from the Servian artillery
and persisted. At the same time the
Servians. taking the offensive to the
north, threw the cneny baCk on the
Drina. Many were drowned and six
hundred were taken prisoners"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
FORM II CLUBS
W" l. h Time Says L.. S. Depart
ment OF Agriculture.

From Weekly News Letter OF u. S.
Department Of Agriculture.
Now is the time to form apple clubs,
anu the department in cooperation
with the agricultural colleges OF
horthern and western States is in
teresting the boys and girls of APPLE
roWing sections in the possibilities
II apple culture as a profitable and
pleaSurable occupation. The Organi-
cations for the young people on the
farm are being planned and begun in
INC New England States, New York,
New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania.
Michigan, Ohio. Idaho, Montana, Ore
Son. and Washington. Any young
people in these States wishing to find
out the details Of the new apple-rais-
Ing clubs should write at once to the
state agent in charge Of club Work
~ The State college Of agriculture, or
The United States Department Of Ag-
flculture. Washington, d. c.
The new clubs will be organized on
Inc same ines as are those for the
encouragement of potato, corn. AND
alfalfa growing. gardening and can
hing. and poultry raising. Members
must be not under 10 nor over II
tears old. Each Of the club member:
VIII be allotted not less than 10 ap'
pies, q or more years old, in the same
orchard (and all In one row or bloci
II possible) of which he will hav'
the ~cius care for n year. Eacf
club must have at least 5 members
ana these will be under the inStruc
ZION of n local leader who will re
ceive instructions from the stat
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
Gen. Botila Sends Message

London. Oct. ls.-C.t5 y MA
dispatch 10 Reuters Telegram Com
pany from Petroria quotes q telegram
sent by Gen. Lewis Rotha. premier
and commandments OF the Union
Of South Africa's forces To General
HertZog, General Botha's chief DO
litiCal opponent.
Nobody regrets the troachcrous
acts Of the traitors more than l." the
telegram says, lin view of the fact
that a number of inexperienced men
We're s~candalously misied in this way.
There are no negotiations being
carried on with the rebel leader. The
rebellion can only bc suppressed 10y
force. The general opinion IS tha
an immediate reputation OF Colonel
Maritz'S acts by YOU and others men,
toned in his ultimatum will do much
toward reaching the results aimed
at. What do you opo further
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
Battle Is Still Siege.

Paris. Oct. 1S.-WhIc occasional
Impotence is manifested Al the lack
OF decisive news, PariSians have
come TO realize that the battles have
been transformed into Vcritahle sieces
with their comparatively slow opera
lions. Even after the battle from
Dunkirk to Belfoit Is decided army
officers are looking forward to still
another siege.
Lieutenant Colonel RousSct in dis
CusSin@ the situation in Russian-Ger-
man frontier, refers TO the surprise
expressed that the Russians should
abandon at onC more han 200 kilG-
meters Il32 mlleS) OF territory and
take up & position at Warsaw. In
this connection he says that in this
Se2SCn Of rains the Polish plains be-
come marshes. where the armies can
not move and the sending III r.n-
VoyS cannot be assured.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

leader in charge or the county agent
FOLLOWING these instructions the
young member who knows nothing
apout apple raising Will learn TO pick.
craze, crate, and market apples: also
to can and label fruit fer exhibition
and for sale. The instructions will
ann TO show each of these young peo-
PIE now ne may get the maximum re-
suits from his 10 trees with the
minimum expenditure of labor.
AS in the other clubs for bows and
girls cooperating with the depart
ment, practical prizes will be award
ed by local fairs and interested peo-
pie to those who excel. The best
Prize, however, will be experience and
o net profit on investment to each
member.
Club agents are already at work
making enrollments for the new APP
pie clubs. During October and No
vember the plats will be selected and
assigned to the individual members,
and the trees will be marked to show
to whom they are assigned. AS soon
as the present apple crop is gather
ed, preparations will begin at once
for the next year. Some trees may
need fall pruning, cleaning out and
mulching. These details will be at
tended to, and the young people may
be instructed in the best meth
DDS.
During the winter interest will be
kept up through the local club or
CARNATIONS and meetings. The lead
ers will visit the plats of each of the
members to give specific instruction
Early in the spring records will be
in order and each club member will
be shown how he may keep a sim.
pie account of the progress Of his row
Of trees. During the next summe
vacation the work will be at it
height, and the boys and girls VIII
are p~resevering will not only lear1
much valuable information but ma.
make a substantial profit or the tim
and labor they have invested.
}, Fall will be the occasion of apple
club fairs and festivals. At thes
) events there will be exhibits of al
kinds Of apples and apple machin
) cry, devices used for handling bot
fresh and cooked apples, of foo
products prepared from apples, O
canning equipment, crates, and bar
2 rels. Demonstrations will be given q
these festivals Of how to pare an
. windfall apples, how to make appl
{ jellie, butter, and pickles; how t
p grade, crate, and pack apples, etc.
In awarding the prizes for the yea
: many features will be considered
: how the trees are pruned, whethe
s they are free from bllSht n plaT
Il lice, how the soil has been worked
g the size, color. and condition of tn
o fruit, and methods of packing will a
e count in the final reckoning. One
the most important considerations
how much profit the club member h.
netted from his investment. In tt
j. last analysis that is the final test
his success.
81 1t is hoped that the organization
apple clubs will show the young'
generation how apple culture may
I relieved of much of its drudgery. Boi
20 profit and pleasure may be derive
N from such an organization, whe
D. properly directed intelligence al
IN enthusiasm and a systematic study
IN orchard problems as they arise W
tend to secure the best results.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
GRATIFYING RESULTS FROM
ANT[HOG CHOLERA SERlM
SAVES ALL BUT 227 PER CENT IN
EXTENSIVE TEST


,n. department from county agents
g., fifteen Southern States affords adj
.ttfonaI evidence Of the value of anti
,oe cholera serum in preventing the
nraad Of this disease. Although
many authorities do not advocate the
troafment after the hog has become
,isibly affected, this report appears to
indicate that a considerable saving was
Erected in this way.
%umberof hogs given single treat
nent, 3+,216.
Number of hogs that were we'll
when treated, 27,226.
Number die dthat were we'll when
treated, 608.
Fer cent died hat We're we'll when
Number Of hogs that were sick when
treated, 7,O40.
Number died that We're sick when
treated, 2,057.
per cent died tina were sick when
treated. 1921.
Number of hogs given simultaneous
treatment, 1913.
Number of hogs that we're we'll
when treated, 7,410.
Number died that were we'll when
treated, 179.
Ter cent died that were we'll when
treated, 2.41.
Number of hogs that were sick when
treated, 800.
Number died that were sick when
treated, 100.
Per cent died that were sick when
treated, 52.S5.
Total number Of hogs treated, Al
40.
Total number hogs died, 1904.
Ter cent of hogs died, It's.
Total number we'll when treated
1856.
Total number died that were vel
when treated, 1877.
Per cent died that were well wher
treated. 2.27.
1t will be noted hat Of 34,636 ami
mails in good health but exposed tt
~rontagion from the disease, 787 dice
after receiving the tratnlent. This Il
\ loss Of only 2.27 per cent, which i
regarded as highly gratifying. OF tn
Total number inoculated (41,979 hogs
3,004 died, or q percentage Of Ills
II must be remembered, however, tina
the serum Is to be regarded in tn
sight Of a preventive rather than
rure. and it is probable that man,
agents inoculated animals in whicl
ihe disease was SO far advanced tina
there waS little hope of their bein
saved.
In addition to the treatment by in
oculation, sanitary and other precau
tons are Indispensable. The hog
should be- fed on cooling, laxative foo
aor a few days after receiving tn
treatment, and should be moved I
clean, uninfected pens where there
plenty of shade. Care should be tai
IN to free them from lice and worm
aud the following remedy for worn
IS suggected by the Kentucky exper
mcnt station:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
FLY EX HIBII AT EXPOSITION.
AShcyiIIe Will SflcW the World How
to Get Rid OF Pests.

AShcVille, Oct. IS.-Tne Small Dot
ties containing specimens Of the
house flies in their various stages
which have been distributed at every
exposition, convention and fair at
which the Asheville Health Bureau
has had an exhibit will be on dis
play at the PanaIna-PaCifc e1poSi-
ton at San Francisco, the local
health authorities having received q
REQUEST from the government Tor SOC
Of the small bottles. 1t is stated IN
the letter containing the TtQuest that
little Walls will form g portion OF
he health exhibit III the big exposl-
ton, the government officials in
tending TO impress uDon these who
witness the exhibit the value oi
educating the public i'll the best
methods Of lighting the pest.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20
Sims WHISkEY SEIZED.
A-hcyiflc Police Wrnt Owner OF
11irIy-Siy Pint-.

A~sheyille. oct. S. tall slim
man can get &c pints Of whiskey ~
u visit to the police department., a
Junk containing that - 81
anti-prohibition refreshments Icing
seized yesterday. 1t was taken just
as a local d%rayInan was signing for il
and he stated that he had been told
t. cali for the trunk b. - tall slim
man" lie could furnish no other de-
scription nor did lc know his patrons
name.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

\ full-grovn elephant can carry
three tons on its back.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-10-20

Caroline Crawford. Of Paterson, =
J.. paid sl23 for q coffin for th" car
ctss ~ her pet bulldog.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
Roberts Plan
Approved By
Noted Educators

Pres. Frank H. H. Roberts Of
the New Mexico Normal university
at Las Vegas, has received letters
from G. Stanley Hall, president of
Clark university. Worcester, Mass.
and from United States Commits
sioner of Education P. P. Claxton
concerning the stand taken by
President Roberts at the last meet
ing of the N. M. E. A., when he
read a paper on bi-lingualism be-
fore the council Of the association.
DIR. Roberts advocated the teach
ing of the younger Spanish-Ameri-
can students in the first and second
grades in their own language be-
fore giving them the English to
read and speak.
Commissioner Claxton said in
part: THE principle on which
you base your article is correct.
Any school work of the children
should be based on their home ex-
periences and the knowledge which
they already have"
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
State College Shows
Up With Shortage
College Funds Deposited In Bank AT
Las Cruces; Bank Closed And
School Has No Money.

That unprecedented liberties
were taken by Morgan Llewellyn,
treasurer of the State College Of
Agriculture and Mechanic Arts at
MesillA Park, with the funds be-
longing to the state and the college
jointly, is the information received
here, for which state officials have
called a meeting Of the board Of re-
gents. to 60 fully into the details
OF the reported shortage.
Through semi-oHicial informa-
tion it is learned that the college
had S7S, 200 tied up in the First
State bank, practically all in the
name of Morgan Llewellyn, trsa-
surer, and prrt in the name OF the
registrar. If the normal college
expenses had been met the amount
deposited would not have exceeded
$50, 600.
About $4,000 in college checks
are unpaid and protested and many
OF the college employees, including
members of the faculty, have not
received their salaries for Novem-
Der. When the bank closed, a cit
izens' meeting was held at Las
Cruces, to see what could be done
to raise emergency money to keep
the college open, but this proved
unsuccessful. and hope S,ill pre-
walls of keeping the institution GO
ing until the Legislature meats. At
which time relief is anticipated.
The bank had not been examin-
ed by the travelling auditor since
last February, when the examiner
found paper Of the president, IT,
Smith, amounting to ssI, 600, With.
out security, according to inFormas
tion.
At the time the bank closed, the
report was that Llevellyn was un-
secured debtor to the bank for ap-
proximstely sra. 900. The SscuTi-
ty of the college is Llewellyn's
bond for SIS, 600 in the Southwest
ern Surety company of OklahomA.
dated in March of this year, which
was written after another surety
company on his bond had asked to
be relieved. it was said.
All the members Of the board
Of regents will be present to invest.
igate the conditions of the college,
with the exception Of R. r. Larkin
Of Las Vegas.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
Ys TO THE KINGDOM OF coLFAx"
New Year
Dance AT
Hall Tonight

Tonight, the dance lovers can
dance the old year out and the new
year in at the Athletic Hall with
special music for the occasion,
Prizes will be awarded both to the
most comical mask and the best
dancer. Three reels Of motion pic
lures will precede the dance. As
this is the last evening in this year
many will avail themselves of this
opportunity to watch the old year
out and the new year in.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
MaSOnS
Install New
Officers

The annual installation OF ofic-
ere OF cimairon Lodge A. F. s. A.
NJ, No. 81, was held Monday ev-
euinq at the lodge rooms with the
following officers for the ensuing
year:
w. Nj G. w. Palmes.
S. W.; chas. Scott.
]. w; Dr.. C. r. Bass.
Treas. F. w. Brooks.
Seey.; w. B. Hickman.
Following the installation Of Of
hcsrs, the lodge members enjoyed
a social repast which consisted Of
hRhtfsireshments.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
Pete TOSOn
Wins In
Boxing Bout

The 10 round boxing contest be.
tween Pete Tosou, the local pug.
and Silvano Ribal Of Ration, at the
opera house, December a., result.
ed in a victory for the cimarron
fighter, who proved the most clev-
er oithe two in being the Rggres-
sOr throughout. The contest came
to an end in the second round when
Ribal was unable to withstand the
rapid licks from bis opponent.
Three reels Of motion pictures
and a preliminary preceded the
contest The bout is said BY those
who we're in attendance, TO havs
bssn a very interesting one.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31

wheat drill May IS to a6th, four
fields at the rate Of twenty-five
pounds an acre and two fields with
a corn planter at the rate OF four
pounds an acre. 1t was found that
an average Of two pounds an acre.
when drilled in rows iorty-two inch
es apart, is sufficient in Kansas.
Kafr plates we're used, care being
taken that the seed flow was uni
form. All the fields were in creek
bottom.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
Farmers Are
Feeding Hay
To Sheep

Farmers Of the Miami and French
tracts are awakening ~ to the fact
that greater profits can be derived
by feeding their crops than by dis
posing of the grain in fall, and re-
ceive 4 small price therefor when
the markets are flooded. Not a
few farmers on these tracts have
purchased sheep which they are
now feeding on their farms. These
farmers for the most are feeding
such grain and hay as is not mar
keiable, but which contains pro.
tien in sufficient quantities to make
a substantial fattening material for
which a good price will be receiv-
ed when the mutton is shipped to
the market.
This plan has proven a nucleus
to farmers in Colorado who annual
ly feed hundreds OF thousands Of
sheep with a substantial profit, and
il is believed that after the plan has
been given a severe test, this Sec
tiOn will be known as a great sheep
feeding country and boon to the
farmer.
The Cimarron news and Cimarron citizen. (Cimarron, Colfax County, N.M.) 19??-19??, 1914-12-31
Make
100 Pei
Attendance

The names Of the pupils who
have not been absent during the
fall term of the school in Cimarron
are:
Louis Chalmers, Ist grade.
David David, and.
Rubin Lopez, and.
Elvina David, and.
Frances Lewis, two months
Fred Croker, Iath grade.
Alfred Masten, Iath.
Grin Chandler, Iath.
Elmo Upton, roth.
Venice Lewis, 9th.
Robert Cartwright, 9Th.
During the month Of December
the I2th grad. made 100 per cent
in attendance. This fact alone
speaks for the efficiency of the
Cimarron schools, regardless Of the
things inevitable that have a ten
dency to retard the educational
progress, with which the faculty
must battle at all times.
The News was misinforned last
week when it stated that the pro-