davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-25
Ordained to Ministry,

Harrison D. Doyer was last night or
dained a minister of the Lutheran
the services being held at Keller
Memorial Lutheran Church. Rev. DR..
Charles D. Wiles of Philadelphia preached
the sermon. Ministers who participated
in the ordination services were Rev. DR..
Charles T. Steck, Rev. S. S. Nicholas
and Rev. DR.. D. e. Wiseman; who pro-
nounced the benediction. r. s. Pierson
and Mrs. Davis SANG.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-25

STHE WORD dlaleCt SlSnlneS the
way your manner of speech
L may sound to people who are
accustomed to something else.
Grandpa Mintliker never shaves him
self because the barber shop is the
only place where he gets a chance to
look at the papers that print pictures
of burlesque actresses.
"A man there was whose youth was
spent In studious endeavor. He hustles
to produce the rent. though he Is wise
feet and joked and called folks kid
do" and tangoed with a grace COM
plete and wed a wealthy widow.
The man who wants to be the whole
show is like ventriloquist. He has
to work mighty hard, and it isn't al
ways such a good show, at that.
The declaration Of scientist that
man is as old as his arteries is not
as important as the theory that a
woman is as young as her clothes.
THEY say Experience will prove
the teacher best of all. Our
minds to loftier moods twill
move. her lessons to recall And yet
1t was Experience that placed where
all might see that word of warning
so immense. spelled PAINT. We
smell the perfume and we say, THAT
is the same old stuff" And then our
fingers Ger it stray to prove it is no
bluff. Experience, got second hand,
we always find n. g. We must get
smudged to understand it's PAINT.
It's useless to relate the woe of
cards or dice or rum. Though victims
old their perilS show, new victims for
ward come. We scorn the warnings
that men frame SO thoughtfully and
free. We treat all signals just the
same as "P-A-I-N-T."
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
TRADE BETTER
HERE THAN ANY
PLACE IN J. s.
J. Stolaroff Is Enthusiastic;
Toys VIII Be Short on
Account of War.

Business is better on the border than
in any business section OF the CLiteu
states. This was the glad tidings
which J. Stolaroff brought the local
trade from the east, when he returned
from a three months buying trip IN
Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago and New
York Mr.. StOlaroff says that the
trade conditions in the east are COM
war and that the importers are won
dering where they will get goods 10
fiji even a small part Of their orders.
Helps Home Industries.
This condition simply means that
Americans must depend upon Amerl-
can made goods until the war is over,
Mr.. Stolaroff said 1T means also that
american made goods are to become
better known at home and more OF
them bought as a result Of this war
MEETINGS and fine laces were the IlrsI
to he taken off the market because
of the war, as they come from Bel
a-fun. France and other european
Countries Our domestic laces do not
compare with them for fine dresses ana
the STYLES will have to be changed 70
eliminate this quality OF goods Erencn
gowns and hats are also under the Dan
Of the big war and few, If any, are
being shown in the wholesale houses
Velvets have jumped in price ana are
scarce at any price Hooks ana eye
have also gone Up. The reason TOT
this I do not know, for they are made
at home"
Toys Advance in Price.
M. StoIaroff had a hard time play
Inc wholesale Santa Claus to his trade
while in the east Wishing TO Duy
his Christmas supply OF toys, ne Wenl
into a big New York wholesale 10y
house. The first thing he saw was
q sign announcing that the prices N
all imported toys had been aoVahCSu
s5 Der cent and dolls were not 10 pc
had This increase applied only 70
aDounts of $50 and less; larger
amounts than that would take an al
g5f+io0a1 increase Of 10 per cent
tried TO buy $4,000 worth OF toys ana
So1Is and had a hard time" Mr. Stolar-
off added Il finally had to have some
Of nv friends buy for me IN oroer 10
get nv order filled and then II was
much smaller than I expected TO Duy-
This will help the sale Of American
made TOYS, especially the mechanical
TOYS that are made in this country
Trade Conditions Fine Here.
ssBut the conditions I found on the
border when I returned home more
Ttsr COMPENSATED for the disappo1nt-
Tnents I encountered in the east
found that business was better IN r
Paso and along the border than II was
At any place in the east with no moi
cations Of it slumping the least plL-
NJ sale has proved the best IN the
history Of my business in Fl Paso ana
7 expect a record years business N
spite Of the war
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
HABEAS CORPUS WRIT
Is GRANTED SALAZAG

Santa Fe, n. II. Aug. 25.-Federal
judge W. H Pope Monday afternoon
granted a petition for a writ Of habeas
corpus on behalf OF Gen Jose Ynez
Salazar, the Mexican federal general,
interned at Fort Wingate, although
recently acquitted in federal court OF
having violated the neutrality laws
The writ is made returnable for $3.50
a. m on August 81
General SaIazar sets up that he is
Illegally imprisoned and left Ojinaga,
u days before the place was eyacuat-
ed. with the intention Of joining his
family in Fl Paso and remaining in
the United States He further asserts
that he has no intention OF returning
To Mexico to help any Of the contend
ing factions there.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
CALIFORNIANs VOTE ON 500
IN STATEWIDE PRTIARl

San Francisco, Calf, Aug 25.-CaH-
fornians are voting at today's primary
election to nominate nearly 500 candi-
dates for various state offices, United
States senator and congressional rep
resentatives. Chief interest centers in
the selection Of candidates to pit
against Gov. Hiram W Johnson. un-
opposed Progressive" candidate, in his
fight TO be returned to office in the
general elections next November
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
MISSOURI PROGREsSTVES
Tn AnnBT SITTER G

Kansas City, No. Aug. 25.-Arrivals
for the Progressive state convention,
which meets here today, appeared fairly
united as to the state platform Dele
gates assert It will contain an endorse
ment Of woman suffrage and the pledge
TO work for the amendment this fail
and a declaration for workmen's com
pensation measures
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
OHIO CONVENTIONS OPEN
TV0FP NEW STATE LAW

Columbus, O., Aug. 25.-Ihe doml-
nant political parties, the Democratlc,
PeDublican and Progressive, will hold
state conventions here today for the
first time under the new primary law
The work Of the conventions Is re-
stricted by law to writing OF PLATFORM
declarations. Interest centers in their
respective party's attitude toward the
liquor traffic and woman suffrage
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
MISSOURI DEMOCRATS MEET
TO FRAME THEIR PLATFORl

Jefferson City, Mo- Aug. 25.-The
Democratic state platform will be
adopted here today by the Democratic
convention. The convention has no
other function than the adoption Of a
platform, the candidates having been
nominated at a primary.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
NsPECTO WILL LOCATE
alta VISTA EURgTAT

Alta Vista viii get its substation Of
the pOstoffice soon A postoffice in
spector is expected to reach here this
week to make an inspection Of the
suburban addition and arrange for the
location Of a substation. Two carriers
will work out Of this substation and
will cover the eastern part Of the city
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
MICHIGAN LEADERS
PREDICT LIGHT VOTE
Primary Campaign Closes With Three
Parties IN Contest; Ohio COnVen-
lions Debate Prohibition and
EHrFF--nre

Detroit Mich, Aug ga general
light vote in the primary election to
dsv is predicted by political leaders
with the possible exception Of some
Of the large counties Gov W n FER
rfs. Democrat, is unoppOsed for re
nomination. Henry R Pattengtll Is ne
o1Iv PROGRESSIVE party candidate. The
Republicans have five men in the con-
test
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25
FIVE KANSAS PARTIES
=


Topeka, Kansas, Aug. 25--Kansas
Republicans, Democrats, Progressives,
Socialists and Prohibitionists will hold
party councils here today for the pur-
pose Of framing state platforms
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-08-25

The Alhambra confectionery is fully
prepared now TO handle all its growing
patronage II you have not been there,
you have missed seeing the prettiest
store Of the kind in Fl Paso- All the
latest drinks and dishes" are served
by competent dispenser. - Advertise
mem
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31
;;eported lost or destroyed: No

fsss ssl Lost S Se del 81 sii 70 Nc
II. Friswold in the amount t. o
1925; No: 1904, issued Nov. IL
1914 to Mark Crawford in tn,
amount of $500: No. 1889. ISSUED
Nov. IA. 1914 to A. D. Hanson ii
the amount of $4.O0; No. 1860, is
sued Nov. IA. 1914 to L. H. Boh1
! in the amount of s1i.6O.
On motion the board ordered
the abatement of personal taxes
assessed against the following
named persons. as per list re-
turned by Sheriff Budack as un,
lcollectable:
F, Personal taxes assessed against
Erick Engen in Nansen township
for the -oars 19O8-19O9 and 1910
said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Er!ck Engen in Abercrombie town.
ship for. the year 1909. said per-
! son dead.
Personal taxes assessed again.
st Christ Christianson in Wahpe-
ton fer the years 19iO-t911-i9is
and 1913. said person dead.
| Personal taxes assessed again.
st Thos Carey in Wahpeton fol
the years 19iO-i9i1 and 1912
said person dead.
Personal tavns assessed agains,
Adam Boyer in WahDeton for the
years 1914 and 1912. said person
cripple.
Personal taxes assessed against
10. P. Southam in Wahpeton for
the year 1912. said person Grip
ole.
Personal taxes assessed again 81
Adolph Bessie in Wahpeton for
the years t9O1-1902-19O3-19O4
and 1905. said person dead.
personal taxes assessed against
=. A. Diyet in Wahpeton for the
years 1901 and 1902. said person
dead.
| Personal taxes assessed against
Chas. Forman ST.. in Wahpeton
for the years 1908 and 1907. said
person dead. =
Personal taxes assessed against
/ Walter Bennington in WahDeton
Tor the year, 1904. said person
Personal taxes assessed against
Albert Victory in Wahpeton for
the years 1904-i9O5 and 1920
/, said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Henry schoenborn in Wahpeton
/ for the years 1904 and 1901. saiG
person dead. -, 80 :.
Persona! taxes assessed against
James Victory in Wahpeton fol
the year 1901. said person dead
PERSONAL taxes assessed against
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31
COMMISSIONERS PROCEEDINGS

WahpetOn, N. D.. Dec. %. 1914.
Board of County Commission
ers met pursuant to adjournment
Members present: SletmUe,
Carlson. Polfuss. Ebel and Rob-
inson.
Board called to order by Chair
man Sletmoe.
Minutes of last meeting read
and on motion approved.
George Van Arnam. County
Judge. appeared before the board
and submitted a letter from Mrs.
Andrew Berge of the Village of
Dwight, asking for poor relief.
The board recommended that Mrs.
Berge's letter be referred to The
Trustees of the Village Of Dwight.
said trustees being the ovcrscers
of the Door in said village.
Commissioner Polfuss submit
ted receipts showing that he, had
turned into the county treasury
the amounts he had received from
sale of lumber from old bridges,
Bran ".Ms 'f town 9sh of'e sse75 y
from old bridge in Danton town
ship. $500.
Ns-I Soll IlCl u. tJOOI
farm. submitted receipts showing
that he had turned into the coun-
ty amounts received for produce
sold from said farm. as rollows
for butter. 5000: for butter and
eggs. $3.50.
On motion Chairman Sletmoe
was authorized to approve the
bills Of Sheriff Budack for trans
porting the following named per-
sons to state institutions: Alvin
Klinger to State Hospital for in
sane: Otto Milbrandt to State Pen
itentiary.
On motion board adjourned un-
til 2 o'clock P. M.
2 o'clock P. M.
Board called to order with all
members present.
Bids for bonding county Off
GERS. as per advertisement, were
opened and read.
The following named companies
submitted bids:
American Surety Company OF
New York.
Equitable Surety Company of
st. Louis. Mo.
Northwestern Trust COMPANY.
Grand Forks. N. D.
Aetna Accident & Liability Co.
:, National Surety Company of
New York.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31


VIM. Drew in Wahpeton for the
year. 1908 and 1910. said person
1 dead. ~
| Personal taxes assessed against
DR.. Carl Kaufman in Wahpeton
for the years 1906 and 1907. said
person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Andrew Reus in Wahpeton for the
year 1892. said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Elmer Thompson in Wahpeton for
the year 1904. said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
l.. A. Lincoln in Wahpeton for the
year 1902. said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Fredrick Ponath for the years
1901 and 1902. said person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Folsom Dow in Wahpeton for the
years 1901. sal d person dead.
Persona! taxes assessed against
M. M. COOK in Wahpeton for the
years 1902-1903 and 1904. said
person dead.
Personal taxes assessed against
Ed. Parsons in WahpetOn for the,
years 1902-1904. said person
dead.
On motion board adjourned UNI
til 2 o'clock. P. M.
g o'clock P. M.
Board called to order with all
members present.
On motion the 1910 and 1911
taxes on Lot Z, Block Al; Village
Of Fairmount. enormously paid by
Albert Heley as subsequent to his
tax sale certificate No. 1872 cover
ing the 1909 taxes Mot s, Block
~, Village of Fairmount. were or
dered refunded with Z per cent
interest. and the auditor was in
structed to reopen the taxes
AGAINST said Lot Z. Block II. Viii
lage Of Paramount.
On motion the sheriff was au-
thorized to accept the original
amount Of 1913 personal taxes as
ssessed against VIM. b. Dietz.; on
tine ground of error in assess
ment. the correct name being VIM.
| Continued on page 81
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31
voting ''aye."
The renort of Sheriff Rudael

voting AYE"
The report of Sheriff Budaek
for fees earned and collected dur
ing the month of Nov. 1914. was
submitted. read and ordered filed.
Board commenced the auditing
of claims on file against the cOun-
ty.
On motion board adjourned un-
til Wednesday. Dec. 23rd. 1914. 9
O'Clock. a. m.
"Wednesday. Dec. 23rd. 1914. 9
o'clock a. m.
Board called to order with all
members present.
Board continued the work on
claims.
On motion the claim of Andrew
$3.50 and allowed.
On motion the sheriff was au-
thorized to accept $4.63 in full
payment of the personal taxes as
sessed against Leo Lenzen in
Hankinson. for the year 1913. the
original amount of said taxes be-
ing SALT. sIs
On motion the sheriff was au-
thorized to accept S1.11 in full
payment of 1913 personal taxes
assessed against E. L. McCutch-
con in Lidgerwood. the original
amount of said taxes being $500.
On motion the sheriff was au-
thorized to accept payment for
the 1907 personal taxes assessed
against E. G.. Sasce in Grant
Township with straight 7 per cent
interest.
On motion the report of relief
furnished by A. G.. Honl. overseer
of the poor in Lidgerwood, was
accepted.
On motion hoard adjourned un-
til 2 O'Clock. P. M.
2 O'Clock p. M.
Board called to order With all
members present. -
Township appeared before the
board and submitted a petition.
signed by himself and 81 others.
for rebuilding or reconstruction
OF the old bridge across the Red
River. on the section line between
| sections is and 81. township 1876,
range 48.
On motion the petition was ord
cred placed on file.
The following reports from
bridge committees were submit
ted and read:
Wahpeton. N. D.. Dec. 90, 1914
To the Honorable Board of Coun-
ty commissioners:
We. the undersigned commit
tee on bridges in the 3rd commits
sioner's district. beg leave to- re-
port as follows: that we have in
spected bridge num- g.. located
on section line between sections
80 and 81; township 1872. range 81,
and found same built according to
plans and specifications.
Respectfully submitted.
John C. Polfuss.
G. i. Ebel.
Wahpeton, N. D.. Dec. %. 1914,
10 the Honorable Board Of Coun-
4ty Commissioners: rs /
/. We, the undersigned COMMITTEES
IN bridges in the 4th commissions.
ers district. beg leave to report as
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31
WATKINS RE I, paEa

I have the AGENCY for the Wat
kln.s iniments. spices. extracts
and toilet articles for the south
nalf OF Richland county. includ-
ing the city Of Wahpeton.
"A full line Of the above arti-
c!es Is kept at 81 Second street
N. p. KEENEY. Agent
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31

The Northern Trust Company,
Fargo. N. d.
Unite States Fidelity and
Guaranty Company. Baltimore.
Dakota Trust Company. Fargo,
N. D.
Maryland Casualty Company
Baltimore. Md.
Massachusetts Bonding and In
surance Company. Boston. Mass.
Royal Indemnity Company, New
York.
Middlewest Loan and Trust
Company. Valley City, N. d.
Fidelity and Deposit Company
&C Maryland. Baltimore. Md.
Illinois Surety Company, Chi
cago. Ill.
All of said companies bid the
uniform amount of "t106.OO for
bonding all county officers: the
amour Of bond and premium for
each officer being as follows.
Amount Pre-
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31

On motion the foregoing re-
ports from bridge committees
were accepted and ordered filed.
Moved by Robinson, seconded
by Carlson. that all donations ia
townships for roads that have not
been built this year, be cancelled.
Motion carried. all members
voting AYE" except Commission
er Ebel. who voted may" q
On motion board adjourned un-
til Thursday. Dec. "a. 9o'clock a.
m. -
Thursday. Dec. oath. 1914, 9
Board called to order with all
members present. 4,
On motion the sheriff was an
thOrized to accept the ORIGINAL
amount OF the 1919 personal tax
e assessed. against H. Erickson
|tn colfax township on the ground
that the payment Of said taxes
was omitted by mistake.
On motion the auditor was. au.
thOrized to issue duplicate ! war
rants TO replace the following de-
scribed warrants which have been
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31

grade and bridge located on sec
ton line between sections II and
20 and 81 and 20, township 129
range 40. and found same built
in a satisfactory manner. and we
recommend that a warrant be
drawn in favor of Greendale
Township in the amount of $780,
90 in payment of balance Of The
100000 donation to said town.
ship.
Respectfully submitted.
C. H. Ebel.
John G.. Polfuss.
Committee
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31

Wahpeton. N. D.. Dec. 23. 1914.
To the Honorable Board of Cuun-
tv Commissioners:
We. the undersigned committee
on bridges in the 4th commission
er's district, beg leave to report
as follows: that we have inspected
grade and bridge located on sec
ton line between sections 10 and
"a. township 1879. range So. Lake
Traverse Lands. and found said
grade and bridge completed to the
satisf faction of this committee,
and we recommend that a war
rant be drawn in favor Of Duerr
township for the amount Of 5000.
Respectfully submitted,
G. H. .Ebel.
John c. Polfuss.
Committee.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1914-12-31
Wahpeton. N. D.. Dec. 20. 1914
To the Honorable oBard of Coun-

10 the Honorable OBard of Coun-
ty Commissioners:
We, the undersigned committee
on bridges in the 4th commission
er's district. beg leave to report as
follows: that we have inspected
grade and bridge located on sec
ton line between sections is aid
~. township 1919. range 81. Lake
Traverse Lands. and found that
the said work had been done in q
satisfactory manner. and we rec
ommend that warrant for $500
be drawn in favor of Duerr town.
ship.
Respectfully submitted.
G. H. Ebel.
John G.. POlfuss.
Committee
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-15
Sporting Food
BY GEORGE e. PHAiv
IN Los ANGELES.

IN Los ANGELES.
They brought the White hope into
court before an angry crOicd.
The prosecutor Od:cd on him and
3discd has roicc dloud:
"ThGt fcIloW there before you is a
fghter" MHndcred he.
The White hope biushcd and made
reply: "Oh, sir You fdHer
me"
Possibly you have noticed how fe"
great Wrestiers there are of American
the idea that it Is wrong to skin the
public.
The gent who called us up to learn
the standing of the SoX and Giants has
us beaten hip and thigh. But we are
willing to wager 20 cents $3.50 that 1t
is pretty close to 800
II we were press agent for a foreign
wrestler our first move would be to elm
mate the claim that he had once wres-
tied to a draw with George Hacken-
schmidt.
Aside from the gents who have wres-
tied draws with Hackenschmidt there
are the athletes who have been matched
with zbyszko only to have Zbyszko run
out Of 1t.
1t was good idea to call off the bets
on the Fristenslly Americas match. But
II would be better idea to place an
alienist at each door,
There may be some truth in the ru.
NOR that Joe Tinker is all In as bal!
player. The poor cripple batted only a
few notches above 800 last season.
N Joe Tinker Is all in as baseball
player Connie Mack is a deserving can
dIdste for home for the feebe-Tninded.
The University of Keio will send a
baseball team TO the United states
next summer The University of Keio
knows that Crawford and Speaker Will
be Otherwise engaged at that time.
" you could enthuse over the reports
that DeOro stu is the three cushion
raise few rahs over the fact that Yale
whipped Columbia in chess tourna-
ment.
The Jumping Of King Cole from Frank
Chance TO Joe Tinker Is said to connote
that there is no sentiment in baseball.
This is false impression. There is
almost as much sentiment in baseball
as there is In the loan shark Dust
ness.
"Gunboat" Smith looks good in com
parison with other white hopes. a
truck horse walking by hitching post
makes the said httchng post look
slow.
The fact that Milwaukee promoters
want 10 match Jess Willard again shows
that they are gluttons for punishment.
Mordy Brown saws he will give st,
Louis a good ball club. but st. Louis
fan wouldn't know how TO act n he saw
regular baseball.
Whenever YOU think YOU are in hard
luck pause and consider the sad fate
OF Messrs Iinglng and Moran, who
have been condemned to play in Cincin-
natl.
We are orieved to read that Gustav
Fristensky Injuries half dozen wres
! tllnq partners every day. We hate tc
see a press agent spring that sntediu'
Wan stuff,
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1914-01-15
By O. B. Keller.

N1OW we come (rather belatedly)
to the Real Thing in Utopian
Nuttiness, so far as Worlds
Series are concerned.
There have been a number of happy
little ideas blown up and tied with
pink ribbon and released upon a hum
CRY and unsuspecting world of VIM
ter-bound b. b. fans. One guy wanted
to extend the big series to the best
II out of 20 games. Another (there
were several, in facD had the inter
league bunch, and wanted both cir
cults to knock off individual pennant
toll about August Is and mix it up,
eight games for each team with each
of the eight teams in the other
league.
But take look at this one,
A NEW ENGLAND fan, whose name
a fortunately has not been ascer-
tained-we say fortunately" but he
really might have got some advertiS-
ing out of his hunch-a n. E. fan has
come to bat with the proposition TO
have a regular interleague Worlds
Series, and not take a couple of
months about it, either
In short, this particular bug sug-
gests that the big title be played for
by two teams, chosen from the play
ers of the two leagues by a commit
tee selected from the Baseball Writ
ers' Association. The teams should
be limited to squads OF twenty, he
figures, and he provides rule to