davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08
Mr.. SASSER PROMOTED

The September issue of the Sou
thern Railway News Bulletin tells OF
the rise of a Wake county boy who
is 10Y superintendent of motive pow
er of the Southern Railway Company
with headquarters at Washington.
The publication says:
e. c. Sasser. recently promoted to
superintendent of motive power,
Southern Railway Company, Wash
ington, D.. c., was born in Wake coun-
ty, n. c., November 16, 1875. and en-
tered railway service at the age OF
16 as h apprentice. At the
completion Of his apprenticeship he
entered the service OF Southern Rail
way as machinist at Alexandra
where he was promoted to machine
shop foreman and, later to genera
foreman. He then left the service OF
Southern Railway but returned in
at Columbus, S. G., and in August
of the same year was promoted to
general foreman at that point. Oc-
tOber, 1902, he resigned his position
with the Southern TO accept one as
equipment inspector or n American
Locomotive Company. Richmond
branch. and in 1903 was promoted by
that company to general machine shop
foreman. April i. 1906. ne again ac-
cepted service with Southern Rail-
way as shop superintendent, and May
;. 1908. was promoted to master me
chanic at Charleston. $. &. He has
remained continuously in the service
Of Southern Railway since that date.
and was promoted to master mechanic
at Alexandria, Va. October. 1909
master mecha mic ar Spencer. N. C.,
MAY. 1910. which he held until July L,
1914"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08
ESCAPES DROWNING
KILLED BY AUTO
Robson Farmer Stepped From
Running Board of Machine,
Meets instant Death

Fayetteville, Sept. Thomas
ChaSon, a resident of the Lumber
Bridge section of Robeson. was in
stantiy killed by being run aver by
an automobile. Thursday afternoon at
New Home schoclhouse, two miles
from his home. He stepped from
the running board Of the moving ma
hin and was run over. Mr.. Cha-
sons death occurred a few hours #
er he had narrowly escaped drown
ing. While fishing his BOAT sank with
him. He managed to save his life
only to lose it a few hours later.
Mr.. ChaSon was a prosperous young
farmer and had many friends, He
was a member Of the military com
pany at .umbe Bridge. His mother
and father, Mr.. and Mrs. William a.
Chason, and several brothers sur
vive.
Mr.. Chason had three uncles who
met violent deaths. one of them. J..
A. ChaSon. who was chief OF police
Of Fayetteville, was killed by a ne
gro. Tom Walker. in a raid on Walk
er's house in 1907. another uncle.
James Chason was killed by an Of
ficer in this city during the Fayette-
Vile fair in 1911, while a third.
plantation of the late Capt. A. b.
Williams in Bladen county.
What will doubtless prove of the
highest price recOrd on a North
Carolina tobacco market this year was
paid in a Fayetteville warehouse
Thursday for a lot Of tobacco sold
by the Atlantic Coast Line Freight
Claim Department. One hundred and
fifty dollars a hundred pounds was
the price pa The lot consisted OF
a consignment of Porto Rico wrap
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Franklin. Sept. 6--The Republican
Judicial convention Of the Twentieth
District me- at Friday and
nominated r. ID: Sisk of TO
make the race fer solicitor against G.
l.. Jones. Of Wayne3vfllo. the HeFUi-
nee OF the Democratic party,
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08
TRAINING FOR BEST LIVING.

T'erSe Comments on the Uniform
Prayer Meeting Topic Of the
Young Peoples SOcietieS-ChI1s-
tian EndeavOr, etc.-FOr Septem-
Der 18th. "What Is a Good fiuu-
c~atiOn?' Prov. 1:19. 2O-3S..... =.
(By William 7. Ellis.)
Two men are before my minds
eve One is a venerable Turk whom
/ met in a village under the shadow
Of the Taurus Mountains. IN ASA
Minor. He was unframed IN the
schools. but he a ripe Judgment.
a keen Knowledge of human nature.
dignity. and reverence; and ne nao
won the esteem of ms
The auiet, courteous ana assured
:, with which he carried .hlmSeif
revealed the strong. wise man. !
count him educated in the
of manhood. even though "a en1yea
cid boy in this western "orie knows
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Better have failed I'm tic high aim
Than Nnigarly I'm the low aim sue
coed. BROWNING.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

IL - = poor heart and a poorer agc.
that %nnot acscpt tire conditions Of
hfe with some heroic rcalinr>~-
Robert Louis Stevenson.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08
SEVEN SENTENCE SERMONS.

Character lives in = man. rcpnfa-
tion. outside OF him.; 6. Holland.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Tive. ana II = all In given unto
you. @ool measure. pressed down.
>iiakcn together. running. over. shall
thcs give into your bosom. For uifis
WNat measure ye mctc IL shall bc
measured Ia you again-Imkc 6:3S.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Real happiness is cheap enough. !
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

yet how dearly we pay for iss cosn-
tevfctt-Ho-ea Eailou.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Not I'm the Glamour of the crowded
street.
Not In the shouts and piauds,> of the
throng.
Fut in ourselves are triumpa aud
defeat.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

more about the than he
ne other man at the mornen i, my
m Il seated IN an a-rist ocraftc
ciuo. He has an honored family
name. wealth. social position. and
the OF a university eiu-
cdlion and much travel. But he il
ignorant OF life, Unbalanced in his
judgments. pCerile III his thinking.
ana as nalvely selfish as a child or q
savage Him | deem an uneducated
man. despite his degree. For edu-
cation Is the training OF all of ones
faculties To relate themselves saneiy
and efficiently to aetna life.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

TIE soul las i'll capital: every tri-
unph over an unworth, Impulse.
every successful struggle against an
ignObic weakness. every deed of good
and every resistance To tie had en-
tiers a. spiritual money. stocks. bonds
and negotiable values into its hank
of pONer.-Frank Crane.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

Prof. Amos r. Wells calls 9Th
seven cOlOrS Of the spectrum of edu
cation the training Ito think, t
observe, to speak, to act, to direC
TO feel and to be"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08

A detail Of education too often neg
lected is knowledge of the Engiish
Bible. That is civilizations oldest
book. It's characters and phrases
should be the most familiar in all lit
aratIre. Moreover. this book has the
peculiar quality OF impartDS life: II
fires all the higher faculties of the
reader. Proof is abundant that IT
transforms character. making GOOD
men ont of bad. fine men out of
coarse. pure men out of vile, noble
men out of ignoble. In all the cur
ricuIa of education there is no other
ane book so valuable as the Bible Of
our atherS.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
observation-disclosures IN WATER
To Flood the Stomach With Water 10
Unnecessary, and Therefore. In.
jurlous to System.

Ball players drink too much water.
says Milwaukee Sentinel. They some
times drink too much other stun. but
we'll waive that and stick to the main
proposition.
Water Is fattening, and II 10 heart
wearing. Possibly some physicians
may take issue with the former state.
ment, but there are some of US who
have actually demonstrated the fact
and that beats barrel of theory.
That excessive water drinking IL
wearing on the heart Is also support.
able by practise.
The fact of the matter Is. thirst is
not stomach manifestation. To food
the stomach with water Is unneces.
sary and, therefore. foolish. Athletes
who rinse their mouths and threats
with water when thirsty, but who do
not swallow the water, have much
more efficiency than those who fire..
Quently drink water. Seven ordinary
glasses of liquid-water. tea, coffee.
beer or whatever one drinks in "a
hours, Is ample for all health pur-
poses and the balance 10 worse than
useless.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
PLANS CAREER EARLY
CHARLIE heRzoe 10 YOUNGEST
MANAGER IN BASEBALL.
Decided When vounsster to eseoms
Baseball Player, and Everything
He Did Was Pointed to
That End.

Charles ("Buck') Herzog Of Cincin.
natl is success in baseball-a big
league manager at the age Of twenty.
eight, because, when q kid, he de.
cided upon a plan and went through
with It,
He decided early in life to be q
ball player, and everything he did
was pointed toward that end. Az
result he IL the youngest manager
In the majors, 10 rated 40 q star In.
fielder. and one Of the best base
runners. owns q 170.acre farm, and
10 SO fixed, even ct twenty eight, that
he could retire from the diamond and
live comfortably.
Herzog had q motto when kid.
1t was this: PLAY every day" He
followed his motto. When he couldn't
play with boys Of his own age he
hunted up younger chaps.
He'd play with any lad who would
toss a ball. One day he played with
older boys who had an organized team
and uniforms, and the next day he
might be playing toss In an alley or
hitting flies on q corner lot.
He didn't care with whom or where
he played, a. long 40 he had q base.
ball In his hand every day.
At the age Of sixteen Hersy was
captain Of the fastest semi.pro team
In Baltimore, his home town. At eight.
cen he was manager Of the Ridsely
(Md.) team in q little league. At
twenty he started his career - Q
professional with the Reading (Pa)
club Of the Tri.State league. At TWEEN.
ty.one he was tried in the majors and
made good.
Herxog ~ Q success because he
has hustled. He goes into every.
thing with heart and soul. He a.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
STORIES AID THE MANAGERS
Miller Husslns 10 Having HE First
Real Chance with o.. Louis
Cardinals Thls season.

n this thing keeps up. managers Of
major league teams that are In the rut
may be going around to the newspaper
boys and the other professional goat
getters. pleading with them to start
campaigns for their beheading. Take
the case Of Hank O'Day. The pink
sheets no sooner began to swing the
al for him than his team started on q
winning streak. Likewise Miller Hug.
gins. AZ soon % the headlines an.
nounced that he was to be decapitated
his team started on q squirt such 40
Cardinals have not enjoyed for years.
The suggestion 10 offered George Stall.
ings. II he can coax Boston scribes
to quit trying to reassure the public
and have them denounce him 40 an
impossibility 40 . team manager the
lowly Braves may climb into the first
division. But the subject Of this
brochure IL Miller Higgins. the tiny
manager Of the Cardinals. He 10 got.
ting his FIRST real chance this seasoa
and look at what he 10 doing. Last
year he took q disorsanised team.
with q considerable portion Of IL
membership sulking on him. No man.
ager can win with sulkers on his team.
Higgins cleared his decks In q trade
that was oil to his advantage. He de-
veloped Q young pitcher or two. and .
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
ONE UNIQUE B0NEHEAD PLAY
Johnny Bates Picks UP Ball While
Il Was In Play and Hands u to
Opposing Catcher.

One Of the most remarkable bones
on record was pulled by Johnny Bates
OF the Cincinnati Reds In game In
the series with Philadelphia. A Gin.
cinnati reporter thus speaks Of It:
"The play on Moran at third base In
the second inning was something
unique. KLEIN sent Herb back to
third base after he had scored on
Marshall's wild throw into left field.
II was simply because Johnny Bates.
who had Just scored run. picked up
the ball. which was In play, and hand
ed 1t to Marshall. Johnny did not
really interfere In any way with the
play. In fact. he helped Marshall by
handing him ne ball. but the Phillies
claimed interference. as base run.
ner has no right to handle the ball
at all. and Umpire KLEIN allowed the
tachateality."
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27

the pitcher and third baseman, and he
seldom fails to beat one to the bag
when he catches the third sacker play.
Ing back In his regular position.
The young man played the outheld
for Peoria in the Three league last
year and batted .352 in 1T games. He
tied for third place in the league with
Flanagan Of Decatur. These two
practically led the league. The only
two men ahead Of them were Kayior
Of Danville. who batted 800, but played
In only II games. and Kommers OF
Springfield. now with st. Louis Feds,
who batted 1856 In go games.
During the season with Peoria.
which was q tail end ball club. finish.
Ing absolutely last. Flack stole 42
bases and led the league in thievery.
which was rather q marvellous per.
Torrance on such q club. It was his
great speed that enabled him to estab.
lish this mark. In the III games
played Max got 167 hits for q total Of
20s bases. He bagged 26 doubles and
IL triples, but failed to draw q homer.
Flack 10 twenty.three years of age
and his home II In East st. Louis. He
has been playing ball only two years
and Manager Tinker predicts that with
another years training In fast com.
pany this young man will be one Of
the sensations of the game.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
JOE TINKER WINS PROTEST
Buffalo Player Ran to Bench Instead
Of Keeping on eass lIns-oams
20 % Played Over.

Manager Joe Tinker's protest OF the
Chicago.Buffalo game Of May II indi.
Gates that some rich stun Ia being
pulled OF In the Federal league. even
SURPRISING Clyde Goodwin's feat OF
stealing third with the bases full. Tin.
ker claims that q Buffalo batter ran
back to the players bench after hit.
ting a ball, and later, seeing that the
Chicago players did not make q play
at first base on the hit, ran out to the
base again. The rules. argued Tinker,
require the base runner to stay on the
base lines while running to first base
Had the Buffalo man been declared
out the Chicago manager claims the
winning run would not have been
scored. President Gilmore decided with
Tinker and the game will be played
over.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
MAX FLACK IS FAST
0lMiNUrive FED oUrFIeLpeR 10
SECOND ~ coss.
hIs Ability to Best Out eunts Has
Surprised Many Pitchers Of In.
dependent Lsasue--Hs 10 Also
Rated 40 Hard Hitter.

Max F1ack. the diminutive outfleld.
Or for the Chicago Feds, is looked
upon by nearly all Of the clubs Of
the new organization as the fastest
man In the league, writes John o. Seys
In the Chicago Daily News. His abil.
ity to beat out hunts has caused sur.
prise for many pitchers and third
basemen, who, upon fielding the ball
clearly, found Flack had reached the
initial bag.
Macmillan il built much on the
lines Of Tommy Leach Of the Cubs.
although he is q left.handed batter.
while Tommy hits naturally.
In the outer garden Flack'sA speed
has carried him under many hard hit
balls which with slower man in the
left park would have gone for long
hits. He also has q marvelously good
left arm, and has stopped half dozen
runners at the plate who have tried
to score on short hits or fly balls. Max
has q way Of setting himself when.
ever he grabs fly, especially II there
10 runner on third waiting to take q
chance Of scoring after the ball IL
caught.
This young athlete Ii q place hit.
ter Max's favorite spot Is just over
the head Of the second baseman. He
sometimes drops the ball out Of the
reach Of the right fielder and this en-.
ables Max to take two bases. Seventy.
i've per cent Of the singles Max has
made have been between FIRST and sec,
ond bases. On the hunts which he
beat out every one Of them went either
down the third base line or between
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27

ways gives his best no matter how
trivial q proposition may be. He
works at top speed all the time.
my tip to the youngster who wants
to make good In baseball or anything
else 10 to hustle all the time." says
Hersog.
"A boy. according to my idea.
should pick out some line Of work.
and give the work all his attention.
The lad who picks out one thing and
sticks to It generally 10 q bigger sue.
cess than the chap who hops around
from one thing to another.
THE big thing. though, 10 to hustle.
Always be doing something and make
that something count"
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27

catcher, convinced his team 40 q
whole that he was a man among men
and deserving of loyal cooperation.
and set sail. They say his destination
10 First Division" II sure looks It.
The only things Higgins fears now 10
that the people who tried to get his
goat earlier will overdo the praise for.
as between fatterers and knockers, he
really believes the latter are to be
preferred. at least as long as they
come out In the open with 1t.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
FGoERAI LEAGUE.

Wssehman Park, North Clark and
Addison Streets.
July 8, 6. Z. s-With Kansas City.
July 8. II. 12-With Indianapolis.
July Is. II. IL. 16-With st. Louis,
August with Pittsburgh.
August 8. 8. 10. 11-With Brooklyn,
August ~. Is. 16-With Pittsburgh,
August 16, IS. 10. 2o-With Bait
more.
August Fl, 22. 23-With Buffalo.
Sept. !, 2. 8. with Indianapolis.
Sept. l3-With Buffalo.
Sept. 30-With st. Louis.
Oct. I, 8. with st. Louis.
Oct. 8, 6, Z, 6-With Kansas City.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27

|Baseb1|ga]
|H0yp|rJY

Chance 10 looking better this year
than he has for several seasons.
Charles Herxog 10 succeeding In
Cincinnati because he knows bow 10
handle his directors.
Fans will notice that "I'm.not,get.
ting-the-bresks" still holds his Job -
. major league manager.
Pitcher I'd PfefIer Of the Brooklyns
% . brother Of JET PfefIsr. tho for.
nsr:Bostoa saA,Cub Sitshr.
Il 10 said that Wagner will be used
% scout by the Red sox II he doss
-sst'sst into S'aytag seaAitioa soon.
Grimth's young beavers are giving
Walter Johnson plenty Of assistance
In keeping the Senators In the lime
light.
Hughey Jennings says that n he
had the White sox pitching star he'd
run away with the American league
pennant.
Outfielder Leslie Mann Of the Bos-
ton Braves had the honor of hitting
the FIRST home run Of the season 1t
Forbes field.
II John Mc0raw said all Of the
thl, go hn d. ~.oAltnA ,,,lth ~ ~,Scsv h>sA
be 20 busy talking that he'd have no
time for managing.
President Hugh Jones Of the Lin.
coin club announces that his team
will be known 40 Tigers from this on.
instead Of Antelopes.
Bert Maxwell. pitcher for the Brook.
Ign Feds. 10 out with q broken arm.
Maxwell was hit by q pitched ball In
game with st. Louis.
Harry Lord 10 as rare species 40
a humming.bird that can shoe a
horse. Lord has quit baseball be.
cause he says he felt himself slump.
, ing as . player"
M0rdecai Brown. manager Of the
st. Louis Feds. 10 said to have found
a very capable substitute infielder in
John Misse. who was in the Glass d
Union association last season.
Tom Seaton said he quit the Phil.
lies because they worked him too
hard. Well. out Of the first 26 games
played by the Brooklyn Feds Seaton
had been pitched In IS of them. Does
he call that rest?
| A Kansas City writer comments as
follows: Bunny Brief Is doing much
this year to keep the Blues up In the
race. The peppery nrst sacker 10
showing much better form this season
than he did last. both In fielding and
at bat.
Fritz Won Kolnitx. center fielder
ind third catcher Of the Cincinnati
Reds. and former student OF the Uui.
versity Of South Carolina Law school,
was sworn In at Columbia. 8. c., % q
member Of the state bar.
Harry Nelly. secretary Of the Kan.
sas City Feds. declares there 10 no
truth In the yarn that the X. G. Feds
are ready to quit. why. we're out.
drawing Tebeau's home team I to J."
says Nelly.
Texas umpires aren't docile. Take
Umpire Gardner. for instance. He
trounced Lee Lemon. . Houston In.
fielder. Then he took all the blame
for the incident and asked that he b
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
GRAFT Z!

To the Ta1 Payers:

To the Tax Payers:
Do you realize that you are being plucked to
make Grafters Paradise?
The Boulevard Link" upon which you were
asked to vote, will cost all property owners
between State Street and the Lake on the South
Side, and Clark Street and the Lake and City Limits
on the North Side, over $lOOOO,0O0. The small
politicians who valuing this experts" es-
innate that it will cost 81 100000 to buy the old
ing houses Pine Street, between Chicago Avenue
and the river from the owners who put them up for
residences and now have no use for them. You pay
the freight.
The State Highways Commission has just soaked
all of you for millions of dollars for Cement Trust
1t is going to 100000 bags of cement at
on State dirt roads, You pay for it.
The Street Sprnkling Oil Graft in the city
amounts to less than million Probably that is why
you read about it in the dailies.
The Cement Graft will cost you many millions.
At Is cents bag, the first order for 100000 bags
would cost 100000. 1t will eventually cost many
times that. The Boulevard Link Graft has been
well planned The grafters up to 81 900 900 cost
now. 1t will total SIS 100000 before it is through.
You pay for it.
Wake up Tax Payers!
BY order of the Executive Board,
COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
Feds Are Dlsoruntled !.

Jimmy Callahan talked about the
Federal league while In Washington.
"One reason ! can't see the Feds" he
said. rs that they have on the eight
clubs all the disgruntled players Of
both the American and National
leagues"
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27

+. E. Coyne. former postmaster, 10
. candidate for the Republican nomi.
nation for Congress in the 9Th dis.
trict.
A number Of Democrats, including
william F. Ryan. and Congressman
McAndrews. who represents that dis.
trict, are after the nomination.
~
Arthur L. Bredfeld 10 an aspirant
for the Democratic nomination for
Senator in the 3lst ristrict and .
Bredheld club was organized Monday
night at 527 North Springfield avenue.
A. o. Calvin Is president.
Joseph A. Swift, whose record %
alderman from the 30th ward can al.
ways be referred to by his friends
with pride, is much talked Of for
Sanitary Trustee.
Arrangements for the Chicago Elks'
special train for the Denver conven.
ton In July are being completed.
Clayton d. Heyes, secretary Of the
Denver committee. reports that many
applications already have been re.
ceived. and In order to accommodate
those who have not yet decided the
lists will not be closed until July /.
The train will leave Chicago July II.
Many side trips are planned. In add.
ton to the Chicago Elks, many from
other Illinois cities will 90 on the
special.
Chicago Elks and their brothers
throughout the state will make q big
showing at the Denver convention
from present indications" said Mr..
Heyes. Samuel A. Hutchinson Is
chairman Of the committee.
~
James T. Patterson. president Of the
State Board Of Commissioners Of
Labor. and one OF the most popular
men in the ranks Of organized labor
In Chicago. 10 q candidate for the Dem.
ocratic nomination for member Of the
Board of Review.
~SA
The states attorney might look
into the personal taxes Of Wallace O..
Clark. as he calls himself; his arm.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
Another Pltehlna Phsnom.

Hughey. Jennings is going to fash
another pitching phenom on the pub.
lie this year. Two years ago he
sprang Jean Dubuc. Last year he
showed the fans quite a pitcher in
George Dauss. This year Johnny vii.
liams. q Hawaiian. 10 picked a. being
of the caliber that makes for great.
ness on the hurting hill.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1914-06-27
Jonss' UNIQUE Record.

Charley Jones, veteran outaelder.
holds record Of having played ball
for Is years before being uncondition.
ally released. Winnipeg Of the North.
ern league recently cut him loose. Pre-.
viously, whenever he changed clubs.
he was sold or traded.