davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-10-04

ago the writer saw a cable message
from the continent in which the code
letter showing the time that it had
been received was carefully cut out,
and day or two later he saw another
message from New York announcing
the arrival of the Belgian atrocities
commission. in which the word here"
after arrived" had been carefully de-
leted.
The object. of course, in the mind of
the censor was to obey the rule that
nothing which might disclose the
strategical position of the armies in
the field should be printed.
Quite the funniest thing of all was
the controversy last week between the
admiralty and the censors office over
the commissioning of a number of
new warships whose construction had
been accelerated. They Were publish
ed in due form in the monthly navy
list, but the newspapers were instruct
ed by the government press bureau
that they must not be referred to. A
Evening star., 1914-10-04

source of much interest to Nine. Cal
deron, aside from the fact that it is
her husbands native country.
when l first saw La Paz, she said.
II thought that l had never seen such
a pretty little place All OF Bolivia
rises very high above sea level. and
La Paz, situated in the Andean region,
has an altitude of some $4,000 feet
"One must make the journey up over
the mountains before he arrives at
Bolivia's capital. Then in the valley,
set like q little lake, is La Paz. The
city is modern and sanitary. The houses
are built of adobe generally, though 1
am told that all of the newest ones
are of modern building materials The
walls of the old fashioned houses are
about as thick as half the width of
an average American room. Mr.. CAL
deron's daughter has her home heated
with electricity and she used it also
for cooking and illumination. So. you
see, they are abreast with modern
progress in matters of this sort.
THE most interesting feature of Bo-
liyian houses, as with all others of
Spanish architecture. is the patio or
courtyard. In the Pan-American build
ing at Washington we have a wonder
= full example OIL d patio North AmSrl-
ca But, of course. those in private
Spanish houses cannot compare with it
in beauty.
Bolivian patios were originally plan
ned in the houses as inner gardens,
where the people might refresh them
selves without danger from attacks of
neighboring Indians. The rooms are
built around the patio and give the
entire building the form of a strong
hold.
Then, too. the Bolivians think it
healthy not to live on the ground floor.
So this plan of architecture was suit
able for their needs in more ways than
one. The entrance to the patio is OBJ
tanned from the front of the house,
usually through a gateway. The stair
case rises on the inside and bal
cony Is often built to run around the
second floor to overlook the garden in
the patio. 1t is fascinating to sit out
on these balconies and look down on a
mass Of bloom inclosed within your
house.
'"The rooms Of the first floor Of Span
ish houses built after this plan are
never used for occupancy by the fam
lily. Those on the street side are often
let for stores. while those in the rear
are used for servants quarters"
The post at Washington is tho first
one that Nine. Calderon ever shared
with her husband. He has been in the
Evening star., 1914-10-04
A MISUNDERSTANDING.

IOSEPHUS DANIELS. Secretary of the
> Navy, told. apropos Of our teetotai
fleet, a sailor story.
"A sailor" he said, "a sailor in the old,
unregenerate days. was entering a beer
saloon when one Of his superior officers
tapped him reproachfully on the shoulder
THE sailor, ere the little yellow nap
doors of the saloon closed on him. turned
and said hurriedly to the officer:
Can't only got a nickel
"And the beer saloon instantly swal.
lowed him up
Evening star., 1914-10-04

Salvation Army shelter. There it was
discovered that they were a famous
Belgian millionaire and his wife, who
had booked rooms at great hotel.
There Is a great demand also in Eng
land for Belgians as servants. Already
Belgians have replaced the German
and Austrian servants and walters in
the hotels and boarding houses of
Bloomsbury and other parts of London,
and great many have been employed
in private houses.
There have not been so many vaga-
ries of the censorship recently. This
is due to the coordination of the vari-
Gus branches, but the retired military
officers. who are in charge Of the post
Offices and the cable offices, are still
doing things that would be funny if
they were not irritating. A few days
Evening star., 1914-10-04

books give much pleasure and are TO
be recommended to those who are com,
PEELED to remain at home. But travel
itself is a real university"
Senior Calderon and madame have re-
Gently returned to the capital after
long trip over the western United
States. Their journey took them
through California to the site of the
Panama worlds fair grounds.
''Mr. Calderon is personally super
vising the Bolivian exhibition at this
worlds fair" said madame, land be-
cause it is quite impossible to manage
the affair from this great distance he
decided to go out there and be on the
ground When we arrived they were
only beginning our pavilion, SO. Of
course. nothing can yet be said of the
has plan, which is now being exc
cuted, of showing moving pictures of
Bolivia at his exhibit. Last week a
moving picture photographer took pic
which occurred on National day. the
date of the celebration of Bolivian
freedom a republic. Now, the pho
tographer is moving on to our min
ing and farming industries to obtain
exhibition pictures.
my trip in this part of the United
States, where we lately visited, reveal
ed to me the beauty of California. No
sooner does one cross over the border
of that state than it's wonder presents
itself. I was charmed with it. Every
one was so delightfully."- hosp1tab!e that
we had doubly splendid time"
Madame has travelled all over Eu-
rope. She has visited her husband s
country. but has never lived there. She
claimed residence in New York city at
the time of her marriage. England is
her home country. She comes of an
English church family. the Ainleys Of
Wakefield, Yorkshire. the little town
which was the setting of Oliver Gold
smiths beloved story. 1.-The Vicar of
Wakefield"
She is small woman, reserved in
manner and very quiet. She has a
bright. intelligent face, and brown eyes
that are quickly enkindled with en-
thusiasm and sympathy. Her voice is
soft and her whole personality diff
fused with an atmosphere of well bred
coldness, II her English temperament
were overlooked. But she is cordial
and interested in new people.
In fact. unless the interviewer pays
close attention madame will change
places with him and turn questioner
herself. so interested Is she In the
work of others She is a believer in
the worth of the individual and thinks
person for the work he does, no mat
Evening star., 1914-10-04

ers or to seize public buildings when
they were needed. An order went out
that every commanding officer would
be held to strict account for the COM
Tort OF his troops, and the cause for
complaint was instantly removed.
Another snarl Strengthened out by
Kitchener was the trouble over the
payment of separation allowances to
of delay about this, owing, of course,
to the great pressure of work at the
war office, and arrangements were
made by which the local poor law re-
heving officers We're to look after the
immediate needs of the soldiers fam
lilies. 1t was carefully explained that
TINS was In no way charity. but simply
an eXpedient to provide these women
quickly with what they are entitled
to as a right, but some of the reliev-
ing officers seemed incapable of shak-
ing off the habits of Bumbledrum
There was one case in which a soldiers
wife who had months separation all
lowance due in a few days was ad-
vised by the relieving officer to sell out
her home and go into lodgings AS
soon as Kitchener heard of cases like,
ped.
As usual. London is full of rumors
about what has happened and is hap
penins in the fighting line. One of the
latest, which is based on letters re-
ceived from France, is that the French
general who failed to relieve Gen.
French and his troops at Mons has
been shot. by order of Gen. Joffre. His
second i'll command, it is said, was
told that he would be court-martialed
and before he was locked up was given
revolver. He took the hint. Other
rumors are that when Kitchener vis-
tied France he did some very plain
talking to Gen. Joffre about the failure
however, is certain, and that is that
there is no friction among the allied
commanders French and Joffre, it is
quite evident, are working loyalty to-
gether and are on the best of terms.
we now know that the WarShip Path
finder, which was sunk off ST. Abbs
Head, almost in the entrance of the
Firth of Forth, was the victim of a
German submarine, which made a dar-
ing raid across the North sea. At first
1T was announced that the Pathfinder
had been sunk by mine, but when
the submarine story leaked out the
government press bureau admitted it.
lot of daring work has been done
by the submarines on both sides. A
few days ago German submarine
Cromarty, in the north of Scotland,
and before any one had time to do
anything dived again and escaped. 1t
was probably only after information.
Against that is the exploit of a couple
OF British submarines, which made
their way into Bremerhaven and came
back with the information which they
had gone after.
London is now rapidly filling up with
Belgian and French refugees, and moth
Evening star., 1914-10-04

raise the physical standard for re-
cruits from a minimum height of five
feet three inches to five feet six inches.
Within month from the announce
Inent that men We're needed, Kitchen
er's first army of 100000 men has been
fully enrolled; and q start has been
made with second 100000 1t is ex-
pected that before another month has
gone Great Britain will have in the
field nearly 100000 men. This takes
no account of the splendid troops from
India. which are the equal OF any in
the world, or OF the contingents which
are pouring in from the overseas do
minions.
OF course, enrolment does not make
AN army, but the drilling and equip
ment of the new recruits is being
pushed forward at high pressure. and
IL is believed that i'll three or four
months these new men Will be ready
to take the field. 1t must be remem-
bered that they are all volunteers and
keen on their work. They do not have
to be driven to drill. The trouble is
to keep them from overworking.
= The difficulty of providing instructors
Is, being overcome by recalling retired
officers who had passed the age limit
for service and the old non-commis-
stoned officers, who are revelinE in the
delight of training men once again.
The difficulty of clothing and equip
ping the men is also being rapidly
overcome. The matter of clothing was
comparatively easy, for, of course,
there are tailors enough available who
can make uniforms. The matter of
arming such an immense number OF
men was more difficult.
The writer is told that there was
very small reserve of rifles in hand
and that the government arms fac
tories had only a capacity of about
5000 rifles a week. Arrangements
have been made. however, with great
private arms factories, such. as the
Birmingham Small Arms Company, to
lay down plant for the government
arm. and there will be plentiful sup
ply Of rifles and ammunition by the
time the new army is ready to use.
them.
:. The organization of the new army
is only another example of the eff
ficiency which has marked the work
Of the English government since the
beginning of the war. Everything has
moved like clockwork. and where mere
and there a cog has slipped in the
machine, it has speedily been put right.
For instance, there was some COM
p.aint about the feeding and housing
OF the new recruits in some districts.
x.
That there should be some confusion
10 understandable when one reflects
that the army has been taking in
every day for a month as many men
as it usually absorbs in q year. When
this was brought TO. Lord Kitchener's
ears he at once placed his finger on
the weak spot. 1t was not the CEN
trail government which was to blame,
but the local commanding officers, who
had not taken advantage of their
power to billet troops on household
Evening star., 1914-10-04

diplomatic service of his country inter-
mittently since 1856. He has been sec
retary of Bolivian legation at Rome
and Lima, Peru He has also served
Evening star., 1914-10-04

his country as secretary of treasury
under the present president. Senor Pan
do. He has been in the United States
since 1904
Evening star., 1914-10-04

ing has shown the spirit of the British
people better than the way in which
they have been received. When it was
known that the victims of the kaiser's
Huns were coming to England COM
mittee. was formed to arrange for hos
Evening star., 1914-10-04

This Does Not In
clude the Troops From
India, or the Contin-
gents Which Are Pour
ing in From the Over
seas Dominions-Lon-
don Uses Searchllights
for Detection of Re
ported German Dirig-
ibles-Daring Feats of
German Submarine.
Little Stories of Life in
London.
Evening star., 1914-10-04

o better proof of
the popularity of
the war against
Germany and the
patriotism of the
English pc op | e
can be afforded
than the fact that
within a month
of starting to
make q new army
England has found
it necessary to
Evening star., 1914-10-04

pital. Her work in New York slum dis
tricts was a utilization of this training
in caring for babies.
The medical world did not fade from
her interest when her matrimonial
duties presented themselves. In fact,
a study of its accomplishments and dis
coveries still serves to keep her wide
awake in this branch of the worlds s
erdeavor. Madame follows closely the
news of the medical journals. 1t is
doubtful if any practicing physician
is more alert on subjects of this char
acter than she. She keeps up her medi-
cal studies as though she were still at
college.
Almost every description of madame
herself, would be a negative one. 1t
would be a recountal of what she is
not. rather than what she is, for the
popular practices which are fashioned
to appeal to the modern society wom-
an do not find her ready propa-
gandist.
she is not a club woman. She pleads
lack of time for such activity.
The woman" she says. who has a
home to take care of and a modern
interest in society actually does not
have time for club work or study. But
/ am ret opposed to clubs,' she added.
y simply do not feel that my other
interests leave me any time to spend
in this direction. For the woman who
lives in a hotel or does not personally
supervise her own house. clubs are
educative means of employing her time.
therefore, tneSe are Ine women VINO
should be expectes to devote their time
To uplft through club work"
Madame is not a faddist. She gives
as her reason for this prejudice the
same plea-that of lack of time. Nor
is she particularly fond of society. OF
course, social duties as foreign min
, ister's wife are exigent and cannot be
GisTeSarded. Bolivian functions in
Washington ore always executed with
irreproachab!e JUNCTION, but teas, card
parties and daily receptions make little
no claim on the time of the min
ister's wife.
But. of all things. reading and travel
recreations-her hobbies. History in all
Of its forms is the subject, next to her
medical studies. which madame follows.
In this pas.icular taste she is most
'cc1Senial companion to her husband
who was a professor of history at the
university at La Paz for a year prior
TO his entrance into the diplomatic
service of his country
OF travel. madame has, no end of ap-
;. proval to offer "One can learn much
more by travel" she declared. than
from almost any other form of study
Books are wonderful substitutes for
. travel, but they can never quite take
its place. for the reason that the things
We read Of do not make as profound
an Impression upon us as the things
we see and experience ourselves. Travel
Evening star., 1914-10-04

DAIN soaked battlefelds and floods
x in the battle regions of France
and Galicia have revived or slim
ulate the theory, long held by some
men and long ridiculed by others. that
rain can be produced by gunpowder or
dynamite. It is a theory that is tena-
cious of life. If 1t is dead so far as
scientific minds are concerned, it still
lives in popular belief. If 1t is a dying
theory. it dies hard. The theory has
been denounced by men who have test
ed it on scientific, or systematic lines,
and an intelligent reader must know
that great weight of judicious opinion
is against it. Still it is interesting.
The theory that rain follows heavy
cannon fire is not new. It is as old
as gunpowder. 1t is based on the by
pothesis, or the conjecture. that the
explosions tend to mix air strata OF
different temperatures and that the
cooling that follows is supposed to
precipitate the moisture as rain
Another explanation is that the atmos-
phere being laden with moisture,
concussion caused by LOUD reports or
noises will often burst the CLOUD Win
the natural result that the drops OIL
water fall to the earth.
The coincidence of rainfall and battle
have been remarked for centuries.
but the weather bureau, by PANS
taking analysis of all data on the sub
ject, has found no evidence to sustain
the battle-rain theory, and all evidence
to contravene such theory 1t mas
been pointed out that rain usually falls
in normal Seasons every few days.
There has been rain before battles,
during battles and after battles. Moth
ing has been discovered to connect
rains with battles. The truth Is,
meteorologist has said. that the atmos-
pheric conditions that produce rains
depend or air eddies a thousand miles
in diameter, whose movements are on
so vast a scale that they cannot be af-
fected in the slightest degree by any
means at present known to man.
This battle-rain theory got into Con-
gress about twenty years ago. and an
Evening star., 1914-10-04
She Has Done Slun

She Has Done Slum
Work in New York
Gave Up Medicine for
Diplomacy-She Is Not a
Clubwoman-Nor a
Social Favorite,'' Nor a
Faddist; But She Is an
Enthusiast About Her
Abandoned Profession,
Reading and Travel.
Evening star., 1914-10-04

pitality for them. Within a few days
the committee had to announce that it
had more offers of hospitality than
refugees to take advantage of them.
And the best of it was that these Of
fers come from all classes.
Evening star., 1914-10-04

London is now rapidly filling up with
Belgian and French refugees, and moth
Evening star., 1914-10-04

to a practical profession. at which she
might profitably earn her own living
at any time. Nine. Calderon is train
ed nurse. .
Not since Lady Bryce. the wife OF
Sir James Bryce, former British am
bassador, was ill Washington has the
ofhcial diplomatic circle been able to
boast of the presence of trained
nurse in it's midst But not only is
Nine. Calderon a graduate nurse; she
has also done settlement work in New
York slum districts to apply her train
ing.
She graduated from two New York
schools of nursing-the Mount Sinai
Training School and the Willard Par
ker Hospital, where she had her train
ing in contagious diseases. These courses
were each taken as a preparation for
. degree in medicine. Nine. Calderon's s
ambition was to be doctor, and she
would have followed this vocation had
she not married shortly before her course
was completed.
Evening star., 1914-10-04

Monica Calderon,
the En- glish wife
of the minister
from the South
American repub-
lie of Bolivia. one
finds "a serious
minded woman.
She is one of the
few women in
diplomatic circles
who can lay claim
Evening star., 1914-10-04

There was time. however. for GER
tain application of her studies before
her marriage. She had taken, in ad-
dition to the regular nurses course.
special line of study at the Infant Hos
Evening star., 1914-10-04

This battle-rain theory got into Con-
gress about twenty years ago. and an
appropriation was made for expert
menting in Texas with rainmaking by
dynamite explosions. 1t was reported
Evening star., 1914-10-04

Special Correspondence OF Tine star.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-12-24
REOPEN LONDON
STOCK EXCHANGE
OFFICIAL OPENING DATE AN.
NoUNCEo AS JANUARY :.
WILL BE RESTRICTED
ey Heeulations Imposed by Treasury
IN interest OF Nstion-All Deal
fngs Must BE for Cash.

LONDON. Dec. 2S. 1890 D. nit
was oficially announced this evening
that the London Stock Exchange will
reopen January 4.
The conduct of business. however.
VIII be restricted by stringent reguls-
tons imposed by the treasury in the
interest of. the nation. The ereksree
mas been closed since the outbreak OF
the war. The regulations under which
the exchange will operate include the
following:
Dealings. except for cash, will be
prohibited; the present minimum price
hsts are to be maintained and extend
cd 10 all transactions recorded: a bro
ker. at the time OF selling securities.
must show that he possesses or CON
trolls them. No dealings in new issues
viii be allowed unless approved by
the treasury. No member will be al.
lowed to bid for or offer stock openly
IN the market: no member will be
permitted to negotiate the purchase or
sale OF shares dealt in on the Ameri-
can market at a less price than the
English equivalent OF the New York
closing price of the 30th of July: only
British-born or naturalized members
or clerks will be admitted to the ex-
change"
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-12-24
RUSSIANS ANNTHTLATE
AUSTRIAN BRIGADE

PkIROGRAD. Dec %. via London.
Dec "a. 2:30 a. m.-Russian troops I'M
the neighborhOod Of Tuchow. Galicia.
south Of Turno. on observing the ad.
vance Of the Twenty-sixth Austrian
briEade today slipped past on par.
allel roads and surprised the Austrian
rear. according 20 reports received
mere The Russians opened nre with
machine GUNS. and virtually annlhi.
lated the whole brigade
During the last two days hghtinF in
southern Galicia. near the Carpathi.
ans The Russians are reported to have
captured over 1000 prisoners. includ
INK major Of the general stan and
hve other officers. besides three heavy
guns and seven machine guns In
This region tho Russians. n b. said
are moving small detachments through
the mountain passes IN the recent
Austrian soriie from PrzemyaI the
Russians captured machine gun.
which they turned against the AustrI.
ans
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-12-24
WAR MAY DEFEAT The
SAFETYAT.SRA TREATY

WASHINGTON. ID. C.. Dec. "a
While President Wilson is consulting
Senators and legal officers as TO the
probable effect of the Senate resolu-
ton attaching conditions 10 the rati-
hcaton OF the safety-at-sea conven.
ton, an inquiry into the status of the
treaty has convinced officials that IL
probably is doomed 10 complete fail
ure on account OF the European war.
II appears that II will be impossible
10 complete the exchange OF ratifca-
tions and give validity to the treaty.
because neither Germany. Austria nor
Turkey is In a position TO send pleni-
potentiaries to London TO sign the
technical act Affirming the exchange
OF the Publications.
Under these conditions. and with
the certainty that the American reso-
luton cannot reach London in time
To receive consideration AZ the hands
OF other signatories. 10 O. believed that
not even by resort 20 n protocol ex.
tending the period OF time allowed for
exchange Of Publications can the
treaty b. rescued from failure AZ this
juncture
Upon termination Of hostilities and
restoration Of diplomatic relations be
tween the warring powers an effort
may BE- made TO resurrect the treaty
and secure its general ratification.