Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-11-19
NO. 64-HARMONY


also that where this smaller amount of
arsenate of lead was used alone the
amount of scab was reduced from nearly
80 per cent. to less than 16 per cent.
Hence 1t is more than a possibility that
when the insecticide is added to bor-
deaux mixture or lime-sulphur it may
contribute materially to the fungicidal
effect of the combined spray.
In 1913 there was considerable russell
ing of the fruit, much of this as indicat-
ed by the condition of the apples on the
unsprayed check plot, was due to nat
ural conditions, but this russeting was
largely increased by the action of some
of the sprays. This increase of russell
ing on the lime-sulphur and bordeaux
plots was about II and 40 per cent. re-
spectively while it was actually less than
on the check plot where the two pounds
of dry arsenate of lead was used alone
in so gallons of water.
The results secured in 1912 and 1918
were sufficiently encouraging to warrant
repetition of this part of the expert
ment, but emitting the smaller amount
of arsenate of lead used alone. Also the
results of the previous season suggested
the alluring possibility that, except for
the pink spray" arsenate Of lead used
somewhat in excess of the usual
amounts might be depended upon to pre-
vent apple seab as we'll as control GER
tain of the more important insect ene-
mics of the orchard, thus eliminating a
considerable part of the labor and ex-
pense of orchard spraying.
Accordingly in 1914 in addition to spray
ing plot with arsenate OF lead alone,
used at the rate of two pounds of the
dry powder to so gallons of water, one
plot was sprayed the first time with a
$3.50 bordeaux mixture plus one pound
of the dry lead arsenate and later with
two pounds of the arsenate alone in so
gallons of water. On another plot lime
sulphur, 20 per cent. stronger than stand
ard dilution was used in place Of bor-
deaux mixture at the first application.
These and all other plots in the same ex-
periments were all sprayed on the same
days, first on May % when the flower
buds We're showing pink. second June
just after the petals fell, and again on
June %. Those mentioned above were
compared with adjoining plots sprayed
lime-sulphur and lime-sNphur 20 per
cent. stronger than standard. to which,
in each case, one pound of dry arsenate
of lead had been added to every so gal
Ions of spray. An uhsprayed check plot
was also saved.
The season OF 1914 was somewhat pc
culiar with reference to scab develop
ment and control. The disease was not
particularly severe at Highmoor Farm,
even on unsprayed trees, and the results
secured from treatment with standard
sprays were rather erratic. However,
nothing occurred to materially change
the tentative conclusions derived from
the work of the two previous years re-
garding the fungicidal value Of arsenate
of lead, although it's relative efficiency
In 1914 was considerably less than before.
When lime-sulphur 20 per cent. stronger
than standard dilution plus one pound of
dry arsenate of lead was used for the
first spraying and two pounds of the ar
sentcal was used alone for the later APP
plications SO per cent. of perfect apples
were obtained as compared with less
than "a per cent. where standard dilution
of lime sulphur was used In combination
with the smaller amount of the insec-
ticide for all three applications. Scab
control was slightly better on the last
mentioned plot, but there was decidedly
more russeting of the fruit, thus de-
creasing the percentage Of perfect APP
Piles.
A rather surprising result was obtained
where bordeaux mixture was used for
the first spray, even though 1t was APP
piled before the blossoms opened. Over
Is per cent. of the fruit was russeted as |
compared with less than two-tenths of
one per cent. on the unsprayed check |
plot This could not be attributed to |
the later applications of arsenate of |
lead for on the plot where all three ap-
plications consisted of the stronger
amount of this material alone only a
little over l per cent. of the fruit was
russeted