Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-10-31
HEALTH AND HAPPINESS
BY DR. LEONARD KEENE HIRsHBE II,
A. B., M. A, M d. (Johns Hopkins).

How Now Animal Types and New Bac-
teria Appear.
The evolution of life is also said
now to take place in dead things. Sir
William Ramsay Zone of the world $
greatest chemists and physicists, has
shown that inanimate nature and the
lightweight elements of mineral and
organic matter have all been built up
from one element. In other words,
not only Is lead the end product of
radium, but hydrogen and helium,
oxygen and carbon are each multipleS
of the other, founded upon a primor-
dial atom.
such as Darwin taught, or a kanga-
rookie thing, such as the anti-Dar-
winians of today, Professor Hugo de
Vries, of Amsterdam, and Professor
William Bateson, of London, main
tain. Nevertheless" says Sir Will
lam Ramsay, revolution is a reality in
the chemical physical world as we'll
as in that of living things.
Professor Jacques Loeb, OF the
Rockefeller Institute, now comes for
ward with a discovery which shows
that new animals, new plants, new
diseases and new types of living
things may be brought about, not by
evolution, but by changes In the soil,
the water and the air. Not only may
unlike animals be made to mate ana
bring forth offspring, but these same
offspring become the starting points
of new races which will remain to
bless or damn the earth.
what Cornfieid Proved.
Even from the beginning of the
,,,orId a chain of unknown causes has
heen mysteriously at work, living
wonders to perform. Anaximander,
thousands of years ago, said that men
were first produced as fishes, ana
when they were grown up and aple
to help themselves were cast up ana
SO lived upon the land.
There is, however, no doubt that
through the ages one increasing pur-
pose runs. and the thoughts of men
must ever be broadened with more
knowledge of how new forms and spe-
cies begin, Darwin called this princi-
pie by the term, natural selection,
The struggle for existence was OAR
wins KEYNOTE of change, and Herbert
spencer introduced the term Sur
vival of the Fittest," which Darwin
welcomed and adopted.
but the broad views and compre-
hensive facts of Darwin" says Prof.
Hugo de Vries. do not suince TO
AFFORD the necessary proof of evolu-
tion." So,
DIR. Hjalmar Nilsson, director OF
the celebrated experimental station OF
Syalot, in Sweden, recently discovered
that variations among cultivated
plants Is not a single phenomenon, but
contains at least two widely divergent
Features. It was found that every
cultivated plant is a mixture of sew
eral elementary types. When you
look at a field of wheat or corn, Its
apparent uniformity Is soon discov-
cred to be unreal. Variations In size.
In resistance to disease, In richness OF
grains. and many other hereditary
Qualities, will be discovered to be
present.
DR.. Nilsson took the grains of a
single ear of corn and found all the
descendants to be alike as well as
like the mother. A field from such
an ear would inevitably be the same
in all degrees. This proves that or
binary varieties of cereals are made
of ali kinds of races.
This significance of this seemingly
trivial discovery Is highly import
ant. IT proves that man may be
able to eliminate poor breeds and
collect ears, chosen by hand with
the utmost care. which will breed a
wonderful strain of corn or Other
grain.
DIR. Rimpau, according to Professor
De Vries, in order to purify and inn
prove his rye, chose year after year
a handful of his best rye. After
twenty years, he succeeded in grow
ing rye of the very best quality. His
breed of rye has thus been made
pure and constant If he had used
the method of Nilsson, the same
result could have been achieved IN
one year by a jump, instead of tbs
slow, small, invisible steps.
Professor Jordon and Others have
shown that every kind OF animal and
plant is made up of dozens or hun
dreds OF mixed types Natural selec'
tions, according to the Dutch savant
will multiply one or two of these a
| the expense, and almost annihilation
of the other types in the species.
! This proves that narwin's theory 0