The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1914-10-29
WOULD RAISE AGE
LIMIT Fer LABOR
Austrian Scientist Points Out
Dangers 10 Society Under
the Present Law.
TOO MUCH OF 0vERSTRAlN
Sixteen, He Thinks, Almost Too Early
an Age to Enter Industrial Work.
st. Louis Central Trades q
Labor Union Protests
Against the War.


Against the War.
Vienna-Child labor and tubercu.
losis as an industrial disease are be.
ing studied by the head OF the newly.
established chair of social medicine
of the University Of Vienna. He
found that in Germany as well as In
Austria there Is an unduly high tuber.
culosis rate among youthful wage
earners He has shown that sickness
increases among children who leave
school for work. The increase dur.
ing the first year of work is not great,
but in the second and third years II is
pronounced. and in the fourth year is
higher than the first.
He found that disease is produced
In working children not only by i'm
proper conditions of labor-heat, dust,
insufficient light, stagnant air-but
also by the work itself-the physical
overstrain placed on an underdevei-
oped organism which should have its
energies conserved for growth. After
studying the problem at first hand and
seeing all efforts to prevent the disas-
trous effect Of labor on underdevel-
oped children fail, he finds no remedy
save the raising Of the age limit for
employment.
The age of sixteen, he thinks, is
early enough for children to enter In
dustrial work; and even at sixteen the
transition from school life to indus
trial life should not be too abrupt
st. Louis.-The Central Trades &
Labor union has protested against the
European war in strong preambles and
resolutions The ruling powers are
condemned for unloading the burdens
Of militarism upon the working people
and the war is stigmatized as the
greatest crime in civilization. Arbitra.
ton is favored as a method OF settling
international disputes.
Columbus, O.-At a meeting OF the
executive board of the Ohio Fedora.
ton OF Labor it was decided to pre-
pare, In conjunction with the railroad
brotherhoods, a pre-primary bulletin
giving complete records of candidates
for United States senator, judges of the
supreme court and other state officers
Petrograd (St. Petersburg. THE
number Of manufacturing establish
ments Exclusive of mines) under fac
tory inspection in Russia was 1886
in 1912, with 2,151,l91 operatives, as
against 5000, with 2,O51,19s opera.
tives in 1911.
Indianapolis, Ind.-The recent con-
vention of typos voted to increase the
executive council of the International
typographical union from three to five
members by the addition of the second
and third vice-presidents.
Cardiff. Wales.-Lord Abergavenny
has purchased the Abergavenny work
house and intends when he enters into
possession about four years hence to
demolish it and erect cottages for
working people.
Berlin.--The ingenious plan is being
adopted by the German Imperial bank
OF Offering two extra days for every
week Of vacation to employees who are
willing to postpone their holidays till
winter.
Washington.-lt is estimated that
nearly Twenty-Five per cent of the per
sons engaged In agricultural pursuits
in the United States are members of
industrial and economic organizations
st. Louis-ln this city all municipal
employees must take an oath of loyalty
to the nation. state and city before be-
ing placed on the pay rolls, according
to a provision Of the new charter.
Neutrality-suspicious. is so cheap in
Trinidad that II does not pay to buy
lawn mowers, as coolies will cut the
grass with a small sickle or knife at
a trifiing cost.
Washington.-There are about one
and three-Quarter millions OF children
between the ages OF ten and fifteen
engaged in earning their living in the
United States.
Chatfield, Minn.-At the Farmers
Cooperative Laundry here 1876 family
washes are done every week at a cost
Of IS cents a washing. including the
ironing.
London.-Governme employees in
England demand pension for wild
ows OF men dying in the service
Springfield Illinois state hos
pital nurses have formed and are rap
idly expanding a trades union.
Charleston. s. CA determined Of.
fort is being made to organize textile
workers in South Carolina
Budapest.-Fifty servant girls went
on silence strike here. vowing not to
speak q word until their employers al.
loves them two calling nights weekly.
Boston.--The governor of Massachu-
setts has signed the snti-injunct ton
bill recently passed by both branches
Of the Massachusetts legislature.
Milan. Italy.-About twenty-five Der
cent OF the mechanical workmen in
Milan are members OF various trades
unions
New York.-New York state has
more than four million people over ten
years old engaged In gainful occups,
tons