davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

VIII permit gases 10 pass through and
is water content TO cvapvratc. The
outer layer OF the shell is very delicate.
The strictly fresh egg has n character
istic fresh, bloomlike appearance. Ere
quentiy handling, washing, etc. re-
moves the outer bloomlike layer, Civ
ing tho eggs shiny, greasy, old APP
pearance. and makes the shell more
porous. When the outer shell covering
has been removed, the moisture within
evaporatcs more rapidly. causing the
contents to shrink. Washing not only
makes tho shell more porous, but IL
moistcns the two tough shell mem
hranes. ono directly In contact with
the inner layer of tho phcll and the
other surrounding tho contents OF tho
egg. Washing causes eggs to spoil
more rapidly because bacteria can en-
ter with greater case.
The two shell membranes separate at
the large end of the egg and form
what is known as air space. While
the egg is still warm. just after being
laid. there is no air space. but as the
contents cool small air space Ia
formed in tho large end of the egg.
AS the egg is held moisture evaporates.
the air space grows larger and the
contents shrink
Market GEES are graded in approxi-
mntcly the following way b. the mos;
of tho experienced packers:
/. Extra selects. eggs in this class
must be strictly fresh large In size.
unwashed contents full aud white.
strong. This grade usually brings ois
cents above the price OF frsts
.. Firsts. Egss In this grade mus.
he reasonably fresh, Gargo in size,
clean shelled, but not as fresh as the
extra selects.
3. Trade. Eggs OF this grade are put
,in IN hn a,,Ir nj
usually for immediate consumption
They may be nearly equal to frsts in
quality, but arc smaller in size, and
oftentimcs many arc slightly soilcd
dirty and stained, but for Immediate
use they are as good as iirsts. They
generally sell about Az cents per
dozen Ices than the frsts. and about
the price OF current receipts.
4. Seconds. This grade includes eggs
that will not come In any of the bet
ter. grades. They are composed gen
orally of stale, shrupkcn Gigs. eggs
small in size, slightly heated and
slightly soiled. They must be edible
free from rots. spots and bad eggs
The price OF seconds is usually 2 cents
or more below that of trade eggs.
The Virginia Poultryman with eggs
for sale can do this as we'll as the
packer. and get in quick touch with
tho consumer.
PouItrt-IIouse Ventilated.
Fresh air keeps the house pure and
dry. Nothing will cause disease more
readily than n damp house or one which
has foul odor.
There are several ways to supply
ventilation, but the sinplisot and least
expensive is to have an open or mus
lin recovered front. These open fronts
OH the houses should be protected In
some way TO prevent the rains and
SHOWS from being blown into the In
terlor. II Is n good plan to attach an
awning made of wood or some other
light material, arranged In such a
manner that II can be lowered or
raised
Muslin will keep out the cold and
rain to a certain extent, but when It
gets wet the cloth loses some OF it's
merit as vcntiiator, as damp muslin
will not permit {. free passage of air.
BY protecting the muslin with an
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

value to the farmer. as more easily
bred and more profitable birds arc to DO
found for commercial purposes.
These ducks have n medium sized
head and bill; large. we'll balanced
crest upon tho crown of tho head: Il
rather long neck; a medium length
back: breast round and full: body Of
medium length: wings that fold
smoothly; hard, stirr tail feathers. with
well-curled feathers In the tail OF the
drake. Their eyes are large and bright
and of a blue color. The shanks, toes.
and webbs arc of a light orange color.
The standard weight OF the adult drak e
Is seven pounds: adult duck, six pounds:
young drake, SIX pounds, and young
duck, five pounds.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
Smut In Corn.

Il. l.. c., Coochlnnd County: nave
been much troubled with smut in my
corn. Please advise me if there is any
remedy or preventive by treating the
seed corn. L. corn smut poisonous Ia
stock?
The corn smut disease is caused by
q parasite fungus, which produces its
sporc masses in tho CORN OF smut hollis
in the car and along the stalk. par
ticularly NJ IN. nodes and joints. Upon
drying out large numbers OF minute
spores arc liberated. These are capa =
BILE OF retaining their grsihna iIn Z
power over winter or lun.<1'. .fnIl pro-
duce great numbers Of minute sec
ondary spores, which are easily ear
ried by wind from one part OF the field
10 another, or from Held TO field.
Corn smut cannot be controlled by
any known method OF seed treatment.
Infection apparently does not take
place III time OF sprou;ing. nor for some
time ioli"wing the appearance OF tile
youn; plant above ground
There seems. 10 bc considerable diff
ference o! opinion rs to the effect upon
cattle or other stock when fed upon
corn corn fodder containing smut.
II is doubtful whether corn smut ever
produces any direct poisonous effect
upon animals eating IL either with
grain or fodder. II is not unlikely.
however, that an cXc"ssiv" amount OF
the spores may mechanically affect the
digestive functions. and in this way
cause sickness.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

We alI know tha, trees are not only
III adormeri to the farm premises. but
they have also practical value not
only for their %ood. but for their shell
ter from the winds, and shade from the
burning sun
Now * The time TO plant them. "
they be fruit trees, each locality has
It's favoritc varieties. and YOU should
know them ana plant only such as are
adaptable II 81 is windbreaks and
shade, YOU should know that the gov
crnment experiments have proved
that white pine. Norway spruce, Aus
tran ana scotch pines ANA American
arborV.ta. have no superiors These
Kinds grow rapidly and are not lack
ing in vi2or or adaptabiiity to thin
soils exposed situations and other ad
verse conditions. i5ut do not plant
cverSrccns exclusively about the
hor,e. Dccidious trees occupy a place
in ans scheme for farm Improvement.
which the eVergreers alone do not
and cannot fiji. Hard or soft naples,
elder. elm, where they are suitable.
should not be overlooked.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
GOVERNMENT REPORT
WILL BE MADE TO-DAY.
Wheat Crop Expected to nc About $685..
OOO.OOO Husheis, nnd Corn s.,S0O,-
100000 bushels.

CHICAGO. November S.-The gov
ernment November crop report will
make Its appearance on the Board OF
Trade Immediately after tho closing OF
tho regular session tomorrow. 1t is
expected tho total crop of corn will be
estimated around $500. 100000 bushels.
The wheat crop will remain around
Sa3,o00po0 bushels until the final re-
port OH tho yield, which will be rnado
in December.
Weather conditions since tho October
report have been favorable for the ma
turing OF corn and there has been less
damage from frost this fall than usual
Tho total crop of corn last year was g.
47T.000.0o0 bushels and In the record
year OF 1912 II was 3.12s, O0O,O00 bush
els The oats crop has been placed Mt
l.13a.74l,oo0 bushels and there will he
little change In these figures.
II is estimated that the amount of
cid corn on tho farms is the smallest
ever reported ut 2.5 per cent OF last
years crop. or 62,o00.0O0 bushels
against l3S.0oo,ooo bushels carried
over last year Taking into consld-.
Grafton the crop raised and tho carry
over stock, the total corn supply avail
able November !. Is estimated by, ac-
ceptcd authorities at 2.S1 5000. 900 bush
els against s2.5S5, 100000 bushels last
year and 3.190.0o0.oO0 bushels in 1912.
me wheat market IL IN a strong pO-
sition. Tho export transactions vary
from day to day, but this liz because OF
TIE lighter offerings, and inadequate
tonnage for carrying the grain to tho
Old World.
The best authorities in the spring
and winter wheat belts say farmers
and others owning grain will refuse to
allow II to pass from their hands UNI
less higher prices are paid for It. AS
to the business Mt higher levels. IL In
believed by producers, that foreigners
will be forced to take hold as America
is the only country with brendstuffs
available at this time.
The fact that Turkey has entered
into the European conflict has caused
a stronger and more bullish feeling to
Ecrvadc tho breadstuHs markets. This
is shown by the price gains of last
week and Of tho pressing demand from
importing counirics, where stocks are
growing smaller, and where Il is feared
tho people will suffer because of a
lack OF supplies.
II has been said all along that for
cigncrs would not come into tho corn
market of the United States. but last
wcok their purchases were liberal
wherever corn was to be had. For
cigncrs also bought tho new crop in
Soodly quantities.
The export demand for oats has ruled
lighter but this has been caused by
inadequate offerings where wanted.
coupled with u lack OF tonnage at the
scabuard.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
Young Alfalfa.

4. .. L., iIcnrico County: Tho sam
picE OF alfalfa YOU sent US are so dry
and brittle We cannot make anything
definitely out OF it, j. &. Hunter. the
farmers demonstration agent, says:
From YOUR description, more than
from the samples. the indications are
that IL is the work OF the three-co
mcrcd alfalfa hopper. Please mail
some fresh alfalfa With the roots at
tachcd. If YOU mail At night, II should
reach US Next morning In perfectly
fresh condition
come and see yoGr alfalfa. His address
is Henrico County Courthouse.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
PouItrs for Market.

The housewife who wishes to Mt
some poultry for market and get top
figures ought to use meal rather than
grain for fattcning. Whole oats arc.
not suitable food for chickens at
any stage. Ground oats arc excellent
even for the finishing process. Corn
meal with some milk Is 4 nnc feed.
Whole grain of any sort ought to be
avoided when chickens are closely con-
fined.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
M.int.r Ponltr, M,ork

The fall and winter months offer
some advantages In starting n poultry
plant. AT that season OF the year good
breeding stock can DC purchased at a
reasonable price. owing to the fact that
poultry raiscrs arc In most cases COM
PEELED to sell some Of this years breed
crs to make room for tho growing
stock--thc pullets and cockereIs that
were Matched this spring
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
GENERAL INFORMATION
THROUGH QUESTION BOX
Warts on Iiurscs.

Farmer, Brunswick County: have
a colt that has great quantity thirty
to tifty) small warts OIL him. They are
Cnajority) only about the Size OF Il
pea, some smaller and "a few AZ large
AZ the end of your finger. He Is two
years old. and II nice colt Tell mo
how to take them away. Only few
protrudcs out as much as half of IN
inch.
The whole matter is too serious for
yon To depend upon layman'S pre-
Scription. You should consult Il vctcri-
nary surgeon. and do it quickly.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.

Give transplanted plants plenty Of
time TO rccoup. Do not water them
too much or the soil will become sour
and further rctard the growth OF the
plant Do not place In too warm a
window. for until the growth starts
they want to be In 4 shady place.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
BRIEF NOTES THOUGHT
OUTBY THE WAYSlDE

Tho foliage of many trees is in
jured by spraying with various fun
gicides and Insecticides. plum and
peach foliage being quite susceptible
to this type of injury. and the leaves
of NAPLES may be Injured by arscnatc
OF lead.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
The Poultry
Section
Improving the Market Ess.

Tho egg is perishable product. and
complete knowledge OF the structure
OF the egg III necessary to understand
exactly why, and the reasons for hand
ling II as SUCH The egg when laid Ia
usually germfree. The shell is COM
posed of three distinct layers of porous
construction, so that the entire shell
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
Charcoal IL Good.

Charcoal is a very safe and valuable
adjunct to your feeding variety. a
little OF IL goes a long way. but that
little tends to keep everything I'm
health. II the coal IL hard to obtain
burn some corn and feed that while
IL is fresh at least twice week. and
II will bc OF benefit to all partakcrs
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

awning It Will not>be affected In that
way. The muslin should be put on
a frame SO that 1t can be removed on
II pleasant day. allowing fresh air to
circulate through tho, house on such
DAYS.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
CRESTED WHITE DUCKS

The crested white duck may be called
an ornamental duck, much tho same as
Polish chickens. They are not bred to
any great extent in his country, and
they arc seldom seen except in the
show rooms. They have no special
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Pigeons require frequent baths. II
IL is not possible to have one located
permanently. supply one three or four
times weekly.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

DO not deceive yourself with the be-
lief that you can successfully raise
poultry without admitting plenty Of
sunshine to the poultry-yard and tho
houses.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
WATER ANIMATION

The safety of water supplies when
near sources of possible surface pollu-
ton often depends largely on the char
:,cter and quality OF tho material In
which the we'll is sunk. Surface waters
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Squads should be In prime condi-
ton for market at the age OF four
weeks. Dispose of them as near this
period as possible.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Clean nests means clean eggs. Clean,
fresh eggs spells clean profits.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

No drafts in the poultry house q,
night should be allowed. Ventilation
must come some other way.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Every poultry-yard should be so
constructed that can be moved with
out much difficulty. This is often
necessary when Il disease strikes tho
flock.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Labor saving devices are appreciat-
cd moro OH the farm than ever be-
fore. II seems almost impossible to
get help to do the necessary work
and we are obliged to farm different
~ and use mechanical means instead
OF hand labor. '-'
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Walking is one OF the best exercises
!, develops almost every muscle OF the
body.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

In any treatment of trees one
should always have before him some
definite object. He should leave strict
DDS constantly being advanced. and
apply to them first the measuring
stick of common sense.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

II is we'll enough to help Nature in
caring for stock, But 1t is all wrong
to set Natures way aside and place
our swine In damp aud poorly vcnti-
lated houses.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Remove and burn all diseased or
dend oak or other trees. This is one
way to cut down Insect ravagcs.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

With tho coming OF the long win
ter evenings more attention can he
given to horticultural books and
papers.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Tho best bred COW in tho country
IL she is unsupplicd with good food
Will prove. dismal failure, while the
meanest scrub will do something to-
ward paying her board bill if given
plenty of suitable feed and care.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Save at least double the amount Of
seed required for your next years
crop.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

,,bs pe1k m,,dly milk G9Iefn'H feed
gently and abundsntly, aud the cows
will respond freely. copiously and
bounttfully and be moro satisfactory
productivity and prolifically.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09
cHIcKEN-hcysE NOTES

II Ia a mistake to feed only corn
ana wheat to fowls, emitting foods
which supply aimumen for eggs.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

Good apples, we'll graded and we'll
packed, arc good property.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

TO cure the horse of the habit OF
paving, fasten II short piece Of log
chain-say five six lenSths-by
means Of a light strap. to his leg Just
above the llnec-in the stable, OF
course--and soc how quickly he will
leave off tho habit
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-11-09

The natural feed for hogs is not Ii
guilds but solids: therefore, we canpDt
understand how some men believe they
can fatten hogs on Stops alone. Many
OF them keep on trying year after
year but never succeed.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-11-07
RUSSIANS WILL NOW TURN ATTENTION
TO AUSTRIANS HOLDING SAN RIVER

London, Nov. 6.-The Russians report that hav-
ing driven the Germans back to their border the north
and forced their to retire from Vstua to the
Wharf.-The river the Russian general staff has turned its
tention to the Ausrians who have held their position
along the San river, in Galicia.
The struggle between the Germans and allies in the
vest presents but little change, if any The Germans,
twice baked IN an attempt reach the French coast
preparing for another attack which like the last direc
ted at the line held by the British both sides of the
town OF YpreS Berlin report claims the Germans have
ade progress here but this is directly contradcted by
tie allies who say they holding all their positions and
have made some advances For fortnight of the
most sangunary fighting OF the has been progress
kere.
Reports come from the Dutch frontier that the Ger
nuns are preparing for retirement but the military OBJ
here say the bringing up of reinforcements prove
h have not yet despared of breaking through the allies
Tont and reaching either Calais or Boulogne.
Except for the Russian announcement of their inva-
on Of Turkish territory from the Caucasus ount ls,
nce prevails to the operations in the near east For
ne present interest is cenered in the probabilities Of the
balkan States becoming involved in the It is de
ed that Greece has annexed Eprus denied her by the
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-11-07
RY ASSOCIATED Press.

Toxic, Nov Cit is officially announced that the
fortress of Using Tau has surrendered to the Jap
knese and British forces.
The first step in bringing about the surrender oc-
rred at midnight when the infantry charged and
bed the middle fort of the line of defense.
The fall of Using Tau ends the most picturesque OF
minor phases of the and loses Germany her last
of possessions the Asiatc mainland we'll the
asst strategic position outside the Empire in Europe.
For nearly three months the little garrison OF about
thousand nearly wholly comprised Of reserviss IN
China held against the land and operations of the
japanese aid certain British detachments of whites and
Indians The garrisons losses are unknown.
Official Japanese and British reports indicated that
Using Tau taken at heavy cost the allies. The
rength of the attackers compared with the defenders
disproportonate the beginning Of the campaign that
thought the position would fall early and there
surprise that small force could hold long Re-
ports various sources indicate that the allies loss
around Kao Chow have been upwards of two thousand
besides several second rate ships.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-11-07
The Remaining Twenty
Million to be Subscribed
By Bankers in the North
Is In Sight-Plan Not
Illegal.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.


Washington, Nov. 6.-Four -fifths f
the share of the Northern banks in
the one hundred and thirty-five mil
lion dollar cotton loan fund has been
subscribed. Unless the bankers hold
back for fear the contamination OF
the loan plan will be held in violation
of the Sherman antitrust law, the re-
mainder soon will be forthcoming.
Secretary McAdoo announced today
that eighty million dollars had been
raised among the Northern bankers
and the remaining twenty millions 10
be subscribed in the North was in
sight.
Attorney General Greg ry and Sec
retary McAdoo conferred tonight and
later it was reported that Gregory had
upheld his subordinates in the opin-
ion that the loan plan could not ne
construed to be in violation Of the
Sherman act or any other law.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-11-07
ON BATTLEFIELD
AT NACO, SONORA
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, Nov. 6.-conditions on
the battlefield around Naco, Sonora,
reported today by Brigadier General
Bliss, was summarized in this state
ment by Secretary Garrison:
General Hill is entrenched in
semi circle about Naco, Mex. He has
about eighteen hundred well-armed
men and about 100 cavalry, II machine
guns and one small field gun After
the recent engagement, Maytor Ia
withdrew and now has about one thu :
sand men at Villa Verde, about IL
miles southwest on the railroad 10
Cananea. He also has 500 men at
Cananea and 900 Yaqui Indians about
seven miles north Of Villa Verde but
on the railroad. He has ESQ men at
San Cedo, Del Rio and Nogales. II IS
rather thought that Maytorena viii
not attack Hill in his present posaloh
unless he can assemble larger forces
than he now has, but there may De
long range firing.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-11-07
STATE TO COLLECT
ABOUT $50, 900 DUE.
Tax of $1.50 Upon Each
S1O0 Collected By the
Pullman Company Is Held
Valid BY United States
Supreme Court and Deci-
sion Is a Great Victory for
Attorney-General West.
SPECIAL TO THE JOURNAL.

SPEC1AL III The JOO GLNA AL.
Tallahassee, Nov. 6.-The attorney
generals Office has just been officially
notified that the supreme court Of
the United States has upheld as valid
the gross receipts tax imposed upon
sleeping and parlor car companies, and
decided the case brought by the Pull
man company against the comptroller
in favor of the state.
The tax about which the suit arose
is the gross receipts tax of $3.50 upon
each 500 collected from business done
in this state, and the decision Is re-
garded as a great victory for the state
for several reasons; one of which is
that the state will now collect the
taxes due by the company which, in
cluding the tax for the current year,
amounts to more than $40. 000 and will
hereafter collect the tax foa' each year
as it becomes due Another reason
is that the court held that the prin-
cipal question involved was one that
should be passed upon by the state
court This was strongly urged by
the attorney general on the ground
that the tax must be tested under the
state constitution and, therefore, the
validity of the statute should first be
passed upon by the state court.
The decision is also a great victory
for Attorney General T. r. West, who
recently argued the case in behalf OF
the state in the supreme court at
Washington, the Pullman company
being represented by Hon. Frank =.
Kellog of st. Paul, one of the leading
lawyers of the country, Hon. GustavUs
FernaId OF Chicago, and Hon. John +.
Hartridge of Jacksonville.