The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-16

siye man who was 67 when his captivity began, cut him off from his cardinals and counselors, from theological books and papers, and from all communication with the church. The captives isolation was completed by the silence of the press, which was forbidden to allude to his arrest or his whereabouts.
 The pontiff bore his immurement with becoming resignation, but when re- quired to surrender even the ring of the fisherman, he had the spirit to break 1t in two before handing 1t to the imperial official. Moreover he estab- lished continental blockade of his own against Napoleon. By his refusal to confirm bishops for the empire, many sees became vacant, and the machinery of the church throughout the imperial dominions was thrown into vexatious confusion. For even through he was in prison, he still was the keeper of the keys"
 The Emperor took his harsh measures against Plus because the pope was un- willing to become a militant ally against England, and Napoleon did not spare the Holy See any more than Prussia, Portugal, Austria or any power that re- fused to joint the continental alliance. Tradiationally and instictively he was a Catholic. For instance, in the presence of danger or upon the discovery of some important fact, it was 4iis habit to make the sign ofythe cross; but his imperious will refused to submit itself to the au- thority of the church and he consistently declined to go to communion. When Ma rife Louise came to Paris, she asked the archbishop if it wohld be proper for her to receive that sacrament, and the prelate excused her since her presence at communion might only emphasize her husbands absence and occasion unpleas- ant remarks.
 Neither woman nor religion was re- sponsigle for that bitter struggle between the Emperor and the pope, but cotton and calicoes, coffee and sugar. rice to- bacco and indigo were its underlying causes. Even Napoleon's own brother, the King of Holland, rebelled against the blockade. Reflecting the interests of a trading people over whim he had been placed, Louis denounced the Elm peror's policy as atrocious and barbarous, and warned him that 1t would ruin France and all the commercial nations in the empire before it could ruin Eng land"
 Again it was the ubiquitous Yankee sailor and his presence in Dutch ports that occasioned the trouble. When the King of Holland failed to satisfy his exacting brother. the Emperor wrote him Louis, you are incorrigible You don't want to reign long" Later he warned l11n In1S IS tlC ia5t ACttOt I shall ever write you in my life"
 When, at last, 10000 troops were march ing on Amsterdam for the purpose of more effectually closing the ports of the country, Louis flung away his crown and fled to Bohemia The Emperor there upon annexed Holland 10 France and with Oldenburg and Bremen. Hamburg and the shore beyind. the empire now stretched to the boundary of Denmark
 Another brother, the uncrowned Lu- cien. who, with second wife that of tended Napoleon. had taken refuge from the imperial displeasure in the Papa states. set out for a safer retreat in tho United States. His ship was captured by the British, however, and he went tc England. where he dwelt in the land oi tho enemy.
 If brother was the first, marsha of Napoleons was the second ally to de sert him. The King of Sweden being without an heir, some Swedes, who hat met Bernadotte when he was command ing French forces on their faDntier, pro posed that the marshal should be adoptef as the successor to their throne. Berna dotte was brother-in-law of Josepl Bonaparte. his son Oscar was the got son of Napoleon himself and the Swed ish authorities innocently supposed tha the selection would be highly pleasing t' the Emperor.
 That proposal placed Napoleon in [