davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
MAN KILLED AS
HE FALLS FROM
CAR AT A. s. 8 R.

Knocked under the wheels of a
box car at the yards of the Ameri-
can Smelling and Refining Company,
Charles A. Thomas, forty-four years
old, assistant yard master of the
works, received fatal injuries, from
which he died before he could be
taken to the city hospital. about
$3.50 o'clock yesterday afternoon.
The victims body was ALMOST sew
cred when the heavy wheels ran
over his stomach, crushing the body
between the rail and wheels.
According to the story of the acci-
dent, Thomas was switching cars
from one track to another. He was
on the last car of "fy shift" stand
ing on the ladder of box car. II
seems that other cars were standing
near the switch, and as the fly shift
speeded by Thomas was swept from
his position and hurled to the track
below, the wheels of the rear truck
passing over his stomach, it is de-
clared.
The victim was picked up by fell
low workmen and DR.. William e.
Ramsay, the plant physician, sum-
moned. DR.. Ramsay had the man
dispatched to the city hospital, but
the victim expired just before the
ambulance reached the institution,
and the corpse was brought to the
morgue of Thomas F. Burke.
In Mr.. Thomas pocket was
small cruciix given him by his wife
some years ago, to which he was es-
pecially endeared. The cross was
bent and rendered unshapely, as 1t
was crushed beneath the car wheels
when it's owners body was mangled.
The body was removed to the vic
TINS late home at 474 Park ave-
nue., last night, and funeral services
will be conducted at o'clock tomor-
row afternoon at st. Mary's church,
and buried will follow in st. Mary's
cemetery. Mass will be said private
ly Wednesday. Because of the be-
ginning of the forty hours devo-
tion,'' the funeral is being held to-
morrow, instead of Monday.
Mr.. Thomas is survived by his
widow, five children, of whom three
are boys and two are girls; three
brothers, supposed to be in Fair
field, o., from whom no word has
been received for number of years
Mr. Thomas was born in Tiffon, o.,
and had lived here for twenty seven
years, having been employed at the
smelter works for the pazt three
yesx Vile was member OF the To-
lsaAdern Of Woodmen Of the World
ii Mrkx - n
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
MARITIME Sends
Letter About
Vote on Bill

Following the recent letter of
criticism forwarded to Senator James
MARITIME by the Central Labor Union
some weeks ago, taking him to task
for voting against the Clayton bill,
an antitrust measure. the union has
received letter from the United
States senator explaining his position
in voting against the measure. MIR.
MARITIME states that when the bill
came out the senate committee every
active clause" had been "emasculat-
ed' from it, and declares that is the
reason he cast his vote against it.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
CARSON AGAIN
RAPS SCULLY
ON WATERWAYS

Republicans and Democrats held well
attended meetings in Fords and Keas-
hey, respectively, last night. AT the
former, Robert Carson offered some fig
ures from the congressional record to
show that Congressman Thomas j. Soul
ly never secured cent for improve
ment Of waterways in this district, de-
spite the fact that his constituents have
elected to call him "Deep Waterway
Tom There were several speakers at
both gatherings and several referred to
the times; the Republicans in an effort
to discredit the Democratic govern
ment of the nation, and the Democrats
In efforts to prove that the European
war and Republican money hoarders
were responsible for prevailing condi-
tions.
Republicans from about the Fords
section of Woodbridge township gath
cred to hear Mr.. Carson, Mayor Ferd.
Garretson, John fl. Conger, Albert
Leon, John H. Leison, John Hanson,
Walter Van Syckle and local candi-
dates in the township. Mr.. Carson
served as the principal speaker of the
evening. He produced extracts from
the Congressional Record and several
patches of notes, from which he read in
an endeavor to show that Congressman
Scully had really done nothing bene-
fetal for his district.
Continued on page %
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
ALLIES GIVE GROUND IN FACE
Of FIERCE GERMAN ATTACK: B|G
NAVAL GUNS AID FRENCH ARMY
GERMANS STILL
ON OFFENSIVE,
BERLIN STATES
Special By United Press Wsre.

Special by United Press Wire.
Berlin, Oct 24.-The war office in
a brief statement today claimed that
the German offensive is being main
tanned at all points along the right
wing, and that material gains are re-
ported. The allies have been unable
to check the German forward
movement in the vicinity of Arras,
Lille, on the User canal and south
of Dixmude. The Germans are ad-
vancing their lines along the Meuse
as the bombardment of Verdun con-
tinues.
The Austrian general staff reports
all along the line of the San river
south of Przemysl the Austrians are
gaining ground and are pushing back
the Russians. The Russians man
aged to cross the San only to be in
turn driven back with losses. The
Austrians are reported to be coop
Grating with the Germans against
Ivangorod, where many prisoners
have been taken. The general situa-
tiou In both the east and west Is
declared to be excellent.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
First Steamer
from Panama
in This Port

The British steamer Copenhagen,
now lying at the American Smelling
& Refining Company's docks, is the
first steamer to enter the port of
Perth Amboy after coming through
the Panama canal. The vessel was
loaded with ore at Mejillones, near
Antofagasta, on the west coast of
Chile, South America, and passed
through the canal September 80.
Stops were made at Baltimore and
New York city before the steamer
came to Perth Amboy.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
CLAIM KAI0CHOU
MUST FALL SOON
Special by United Press Wiro.

London, Oct. 24;-Oflicial reports re
ceiyed by news agencies here from To
kio say that it is believed there that
the fall of Kaiochou cannot long be
prevented. Some newspapers go so fan
as to claim that the German concessions
have surrendered to the Jap p-British
forces, but there is no confirmation of
this. The latest word from the scene
said the Japs had mounted big guns at
points commanding every section of the
German position and were shelling
them at long range. Part of the city
was reported gained and great gaps had
been made in the fortified lines.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
DANISH N. {. To
HAVE WEEK Of
CELEBRATING
Fortieth Anniversary of Danish
Methodist Episcopal Church
Starts Tonight - Several
Noted Speakers to Assist.

With a program that holds In store
much genuine enjoyment for those
who will attend the celebration of
the fortieth anniversary of the DAN
ish Methodist Episcopal church
starts tonight, and will continue
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
NOTICE To MEN.

Owing to error in Doyle &
Cunneen's advertisement in yester-
DAYS issue suits made to measure
were quoted at $500; the correct
priee Is $4,000. f0-24-1ts
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
WANT AD BRINGS RESULT

The promptness with which the
little advertisements in the want
adv" column of the NEWS admins
ter to all manner of wants is shown
by the following letter:
South Amboy, N. j., Oct. 23, 1014.
Perth Amboy EVENING NEWS,
"Gentlemen-Enclosed please find
twenty-four cents to pay for adver-
tisement for lost watch fob for two
days. | am pleased to say the fob
was returned to me last evening by
a man who saw your adv. in the
EVENING NEWS
Yours respectfully,
"F. H. CHAPMAN"
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

Dancing Saturday night Rogan's
Pavilion, Rogan's Corner.
10532-10-23-2t
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

A few great bargains In 1914 Ford
cars. A. Jensen. Ferry Garage.
o14q-Q-16-tfs
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

New REQ and Hudson cars for
hire. Phone Sexton 181.
10178-10-1 4-12tr
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

$250.00 Stoddard-Dayton FIVE
passenger car in excellent running
condition; need the money. For fur
ther particulars address A. B. c.,
care News. 10562-10-24
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

Don't forget that j. ~ Wester is
still selling lots for half price at
Metuchen Homesteads.
10513-l0-2S-3ts
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
To Liberate Italian Soldiers.
IeciaI bu United Press Wire

Rome, via Havre. Oct. 24:--It is
announced that Russia has formally
offered to liberate and send to Italy
all the Austrian soldiers of Italian
nationality, especially those OF the
Trieste and Trient districts who have
been taken prisoners in the Galicia
fighting. All that is asked is that
Italy agree that these soldiers be
retained in Italian territory and not
permitted to return to Austria until
the end of the war.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24
FRENCH REFUSE
CERMANREQUEsI
FOR ARM|ST|CE.

Special by United Press Wire.
Paris, Oct. 24:-The Germans today
demanded an armistice in the region Of
Thaeourt in order to bury their dead.
The demand was refused by the French
generals commanding and fighting
there is continuing with increasing vio-
lence. This announcement was made
verbally in connection with the issuance
of the regular 3 o CLOCK communique.
1t was stated in the latter that the Ger
mans continue to advance slowly to the
north Of Dizmude and in the region Of
La Basse On the other hand the French
are advancing west of Nieuport and in
Leugemerck and to the east of Armen-
there's. Elsewhere on The battlefront
there has been little change.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1914-10-24

Cal. a tazi. Phone 4s-ss wy nas
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09

Exclusive service, the Survey Press
 Bureau)'
 " HERE are encouraging signs that
 the reaction of the legal profession \ to the storm of criticism which burst upon our judicial systems a year or two ago, is to be distinctly helpful. In many states the more public spirited are seeking to forward constructive re- form.
 The stage of inquiry is not yet passed Just what Is to that makes justice pain fully slow and uncertain is a matter of disagreement. It is understood that in England and Canada, among people simi- lar to ourselves. and where the substan- tive law is closely related to ours the courts are self-conscous and ambitious that they make good" The natural expectation is that in Amer6ca the courts will eventually reflect the national in stinct for effectiveness that they. will become practical, economical of effort. efficient
 Courts Reflect National Defects
 While American courts do not exampli- fly our distinct for practicality, they are a perfect reflection of our national tirnid- ity in government We have the most thoroughly decentralized government the world has ever seen. In recent years we have come to see that the dissipation of individual responsibility, inherent in our system, is most to blame for our gov ernmental efficiency, and we are moving rapidly in our great revolutionary work of reconstructing the machinery of gov ernment so that responsibility will be- come the powerful factor which 1t must be in any successful scheme of human af- fairs. We are first simplifying our mu- nicfpal government so that responsibility will flow in direct lines from the peoples servants to the people
 The movement is beginning to extend to state governments and 1t appears that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09
To Make Better Courts

soon we will have real politics in u country in place of the degrading hustle for office which has been heretofore the handspring of public action.
 We are beginning toNsee that the trouble with our courts is almost identical with the trouble experienced in municipal gov- ernment so long that we had become fairly pessmistic when the short ballot under the guise of commission govern ment' came in.
 The complaint is not so much that judges do not know the law or do not conscientiously apply it. The complaint is largely as to failure on the adminis- trative side of the judicial function.
 UnOrganized Judges
 If all the numerous judges in some states several hundred in number, are to do their individual piece work so that there will be real effectiveness in the output of the entire force. there must be centralized intelligence to direct their efforts and this intelligence must have power to enforce it's will. There must be finally one single person held respon- sible for the execution of the centralized will of the judicial department and for harmonius work. That single responsible person must be accountable directly to all the people of the state.
 Lacking in any administrative machin- cry in our Judicial systems, we have been obliged to legislate a great volume of mandatory and inflexible rules in an ef- fort to force judges to do the right thing. As amatter of fact, judges almost always want to do the right thing but are con- stantly confronted by this inflexible pro- cedure whihc compels them to do awkward and uneconomical things.
 It is now quite genaraly agreed that beyond a short practice act, all rule. of procedure should be rules of court
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09
By HUBERT HARLEY

IS which will permit of variance in the in terest of substantial justice. Lawyers talk this doctrne in two score bar asso- ciations but there is no step toward put ting ti into effect. and the reason is that the judicial sysem is so flabby that there IS really no place where this important power can be safely invested.
 But no great change is needed. There need be no such sweeping change as takes place when city adopts com mission government. It is merely neces- sary to create unified organization of the courts of state. making very little change in the accustomed courts There will still be judges devoted to the trial of all sorts of causes and a court for appeal. and local judges of limited Jurisdiction. The central au- thority which must exist to exercise the rule making power which must be transferred largely from the legisla- ture to the Judiciary can be brought into being by providing judicial coun- ell of five or seven or nine judges The head of the council will be the chief justice of the state. These men may spend most of their time on the bench. but as Judicial council they will have important administrative powers, will become. in fact, responsible for the enforcement of departmental rules and for the economical and prompt func- tionfng of the entire department.
 Efficient Jurist Management
 The larger questions involved will be settled by the judicial council whose orders will he executed by the chief jus flee. The lesser details arising from day to day will come directly within the province of the chief justice To Keep him in touch with the system he must become the recipient of frequent reports from all the judges and branch
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09

courts and must compile and digest these reports and publish them so that the people will know what is going on in the Judicial department. They do not know and have no means of knowing. As matter of fact nobody knows. world in which judicial statistics are lacking.
 Of course procedural rules so made will be subject to the veto of the leg islature, but experience in England and Canada has shown that the unified and organised courts exercise this power so well that the legislature is not tempted to interfere.
 The American Judicature society called into being expressly to study the needs of courts and procedure and 10 further movement calculated to make our Judicial systems expressive Of the democratic ideal, finds its pres- ent scope for activity largely in this 1nsistent need for proper organization. It ista work more of political science than Of law. The political scientists have been too shy to invade this field. The lawyers have not appreciated the non-technical character of this con structive work. The field has been un- occupied until now. The American Judfcature society which has enrolled lawyers in prac- really every state to form an adyis- ory and critical body. conceives of the present need as calling especially for concrete recommendations in the form or model acts. The field divides readily into municipal and state courts.
 Model Act to Improve Method create unified Judicial system for a mctropolitan district has been prepared and circulated by the society. The so- ciety is about to launch its first draft
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09

of a statewide judicature act In time these model acts will be supple mented by schedules of rules constitut- ing simple and rational procedure, and suitable for enactment as a substitute foi the great body of procedural law which has accumulated. The new courts will. then be given power to revise and develop this system of procedure to meet needs as they arise.
 In all these suggestions there is no proposal to alter any substantive law CT to affect any substantive right of any party litigant. The idea is mnely to unify courts into simple department so that the plain duty of adtudicating controversies may be per- formed with minimum of effort and Inconvenience. to give somebody power to get good results on the administra- tive side of the Judicial function; to hold those persons to whom such power is given strictly accountable for results: to let flood of daylight into our court business. and to acquire from the courts the data upon which con structive social and criminal legisla- ton can be founded
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09

he student of the eastern auestio,, s greater Servian idea will als, aono,,,,- that the same feeling Of racial ,,pi,,. .,,,s
 oou Alnsh'p' which has united Germany ai.u 'ais' poth In the very teeth of Ans
 i'a' 's no" and has been for many years ~ "ork Tn the breasts of the Serbs and
 humans and IS slowly but steadily work 'hs 10 bring about their unitv into tuo o'her great powers this tine also in inc
 'eeeh or the dual monarchy and at its
 'eifieoflai expense. That the result of
 'his ieeing IS certain to be this unity of pohtieai allegiance no one can doubt. If ia result which will bring with if all man.
 iei oi advantages both to the parties most concerned and to tbe world at larga NO one will say that Germany has not been better Oh ana that the activities of us people have been less beneficial to the world since 1871. Italy has certainly dons more for herself ana for the world since the Risorgimento than before.
 The last great cause of tiie conflict now going on. is to be found in the result of .He lJIintlt.ons ol lnc german emp1re and the Kingdom of Italy at the expense prin- clpally of Austria. Their formation to the detrlment of it's territory and prestige mas forced the dual monarchy to look elsewhere for expansion and in the divided and halassed balkan lands it has. it thinks, found a field for it's endeavors For many years it has been the policy o4, Austrla- Hungary to keep the Serbs in particular disunited and weak with the snu III NleW v1 ss.--rls piece ny piece tnA territory they inhabit and thereby exteno> ing her own territory to the Aegean ar- along the Adriatic- In the name of th~. lolicy of expansion along the only road left open to them the Austrisns have committed acts of aggression that arc enough to disgust any one anl their re- cent unprecedented demands upon Servia and their invasion of that country have been part and parcel of this plan Ger many naturally expects to come to inc aid or her ally and the whole matter Is part Of her own plans for gaining con troi Of Europe Russia will support her klnsmen and the triple entente supported py the public opinion of the entire world VIII interfere in order to preserve the hal q shce or power. Unless some one with uldWs' unless the attitude of some ona oI tne powers is a mere bluff which they otners can successfully expose, then we VIII nave a general European war the causes of which will be- first the ambi- ton of Germany and the dual monarchy: second, the corresponding and opposing desire on the triple entente for the preser- sauon Of the balance of power, and third. the desire for political as well as reo- graphical union on the part of . great race of people.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09
'"They should take who have the power And they should keep who can"

They should take who have the power And they should keep who can"
 The spirit of these words has been the moving force in the development Of one or the other of the European na- tions for many hundreds of years, and one of three principal causes of the present troubles is the desire on the part of the German Emperor to carry cut in the most complete manner pos sible the admonition they contain. It Is safe to state that every important war that has been waged in Europe Tor the past 250 years has been the direct re- suit of the efforts of some one of the great powers to gain control of the entire continent and of the opposition that such efforts have met with on the part of the rest of the nations, whose Intervention in order to prevent the ln- crease of power that successful war would give the aggressor Is called fn- tervention in behalf of the balance of power. If one carefully keeps in mind these two clements, the desire for con- trol and the resistance thereto, he will he enabled without difficulty to under stand the primary causes of nearly all the wars of the past two or three cen- turies. The aggressions of one power or of two or three acting together have always had the effect of dividing Europe into two camps the aim of one of which has been to seize all the power and as much of the territory as possible and of the& other to prevent anything attempted by the aggressors. The wars of Louis XIV, eliminating in the war of the Spanish succession. the var of the Austrian succession, the seven years war and that supreme orgy of aggression and resistance to aggres- sion which is known as the Napoleonic wars. all these were exemplifications of the principles set out above and in each of the balance of power was fi- nully restored. It is not my intention to go into the causes of all the wars which have devastated the face of Flu rope since 1861, but any discussion of the present situation would be entirely fnadeauate without some attention given the great cause of most European wars It must be left to each individual to fit these principles, which seem and are elementary but are frequently lost sight of to his knowledge of history and to work out their relation to the vars of the past century.
 The present situation, however, con tains another element which one might almost call the child of the nineteenth century. I refer to the spirit of racial kinship. the binding force whereof has made itself felt as the chief cause of the two most interesting and important events since 1915. the formation of the states of North Germany and the uni- fication of Italy. From the dates of their respective founuations until the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09
Causes of Pres11t European Struggle

year 1871 the states of Germany were in state of disunion. They had been united up to the year 1906 inSa flimsy sort Of fashion by the almost negligi- ble tie of the Holy Roman empire, and from that year up to the time of Bis marck by little except that growing sense of racial unity which at last
 broke all bounds and resulted in the Franco Prussian war and the forma- ton of the German empire. The germ or the unffication of Italy Is to be looked for in the growing power of the house of Savoy during the nineteenth century and its gradual assumption of the role of chief Italian state, together
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-08-09
By FRANCIS B. LATADY

years among the Slavonic and Rumanian races of the Balkan peninsula and the dual monarchy. The Slavonic elements of the population of southeastern Europe may be divided into two parts, the Serb and the Bulgarian. Of these two the Bull garian has already achieved unity, since by far the greater part of the Bulgars re- side in the present kingdom of Bulgaria and comparatively few live in Turkey
 Greece, Servia and Rumania The Ru- mans have about half achieved unifica- tion and have still half the road to travel