davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18
VIEWS AND REVIEWS.
ELF FEEDERS for either fowls or
swine are easily and cheaply made

ELF FEEDERS for either fowls OF
swine are easily and cheaply made
and give excellent satisfaction
when properly constructed. Aside from
decreasing the cost Of labor, they are a
great saving of time and of worry over
the fact that hand tended animals must
be fed regularly two or more times a
day. The use of self feeders also saves
feed by giving the animals a chance
to balance their own rations, by pro-
viding it regularly, and by saving all
the scraps that usually result from
hand feeding. Methods of constructing
homemade self-feeders, accompanied by
drawings and photographs, will be pub
lished from time to time in this jour
nal
Apple scab is reported to be greatly
on the increase in some of the fruit
districts of Oregon. While this seems
to indicate that orchardists are losing
ground in their fight against this pest,
the conclusion is not at all inevitable
The season seems to have been unusual
ly favorable to it in some parts of the
state, and control measures were applied
too late, if at all. Growers are more
thoroughly aroused over this enemy
than formerly and doubtless make fuller
-Ano'te Of the damage. At tbs same
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18

L XPRESSING the view that it is
e easy to dispose of first class pro-
| duets, but that the profit of the
fruit and vegetable business depends
VERY largely upon utilization of the
second and third class products, Pro
fessors G. I. Lewis and W. s. Brown
have issued a new college bulletin call
ted ''Fruit and Vegetable By Products,
lin which they explain the conditions
and processes of organizing and run
ming by-products factories.
The highly important questions of the
amount of money necessary, the guam
|tity of products raised within the pro-
posed by-products territory, and what
kinds of plants to establish, are treat
ed intimately from the point of view
of the grower. 49, H.
"The question of what kind of plant
should be put in-cannery, vinegar
works, evaporator, or jelly factory
cannot be answered off hand" says
Professor Lewis. "There is mdoubted-
ly splendid field for all these manu-
featuring plants. tt would be unwise,
however, to try working all our low
grades into any one of these forms. If
we were to attempt to work all valu-
able produce into vinegar we should
easily overstock the market. We must
remember that there are only certain
types of products that are adapted to
each of the special uses. The ideal to
which every association should work is
first to handle as large percentage of
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18
GROUP of boys from the electrical
Engineering courses of o. A. C..

are finding instruction, practice
and employment in the great electrical
works of New York, the largest of the
kind in the world. Several other form
er students from the Oregon cellege
are in the employ of the company, sta
toned at various parts of the United
States and other countries These boys
ar, meeting the competition of the best
product of most all leading colleges and
universities of the country, and what is
most important, they are meeting it sue
cessfully.
The students now at the central plant
of the general electrical work in
Schenectady, on the Mohawk River, are
members of the graduating classes of
1910, II, II and 'l3. They have
formed an Oregonian club and live to-
gether at beautiful Lake Ballston, eight
miles out fro mthe works on ear line.
They have named their cottage the
"Oregonian, and were first Of all the
students who make their homes at the
lake to organize and maintain an
alumni club for its members
The company for which these college
men are woraing has maintained stu
dent training courses for many years.
Every year limited number of stu
dents especially qualified in their col
lcge work and adequately recommend
ed by the college officers, are accepted
for training, practice and service, if
competent. All that are accepted for
training are admitted on positively
equal terms and assigned to the course
technically known as the Students En-
gincerlng course. In order to receive
advancement students must do mini
mum of one year S work in this course,
and can do much more, depending upon
the nature of the specialization they
undertake The chief value Of this pre-
limiuary course is disciplinary, although
good living wage is paid from the
time the student enters upon his work.
At the end of each six-month period
students who remain are given. stated
increase in salary.
When this preparatory work is fin
ished by any student he is assigned
either to the industrial or to the com
mercial end of the practical engineering
business with the company. Both
phases of the practical business as car
red on by the company are highly spe-
eialzed. The student who has won his
position in either of these fields selects
his specially and goes into further
training. He never quits it until he is
complete master of all its complicated
details, after which he is regularly EN-
ployed by the company and may con
slider that his position is permanent.
Qualifications for salesmanship are
equally exacting with those for opera
ton. Should the .employe elect to han,
die switch boards as his speciality he
must master all the technique of the
operator in order to act profitably as
demonstration, He must know the
sources and nature of material going
----------------------------
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18
Mole Skins Are Valuable, Say Experts
Experiments by Department Of Agriculture Demonstrate Domes
tic Variety as Good as European for Skins.

toll from the mole tribe, as an examina-
tion of the stomach contents of over
1000 Of these birds disclosed the re-
mains Of but 13 moles, 5 of which had
been eaten by the red-tailed hawk, 4
by the red dshouldered hawk and one
each by the broad-winged hawk, the
barred owl, the great gra yowl and
the screech owl.
Stomachs Are Examined.
From an examination Of the stomach
|eontents of 200 moles taken in all
months of the year it was found that
earthworms and white grubs constitute
the bulk of the food. Beetles and their
larvae, spiders, eentipedes, cocoons and
|puparia also form part Of the diet
Seed coats Of corn, wheat, oats and
peanuts have been seldom found in
stOmachs Of the meles.
Complaints of damage or depreda-
tions by moles are frequent and insis-
tent. However, in very many eases a
thorough investigation would show that
the smaller rodents which follow the
lmole's ranways are responsible for the
damage to corn and other cultivated
seed products that grow under ground.
Trap Efficient Destroyer.
When it is desirable to destroy the
mole the trap will be found to be the
most efficient means. So far all ex-
periments undertaken with the object
|of finding an acceptable poison bait
have given negative results, as the very
nature Of the animal s food makes it
difficult to secure satisfactory SUBJ
stitute of live worms, grubs, and in
seets. Moreover, the little animal seems
Ito be shrewd and quick to sense the
danger in poisonous substances.
There are number of excellent mole
traps on the market, most of which will
|give good results if properly set. There
|are the harpoon, the scissor jaw and
the choker types. Harpeoning traps
are designed to impale the mole in the
ground by spring driven spikes. The
scissor jaw traps are intended to be
set astride the runway to grasp the
mole firmly when he attempts to pass
in either direction, and the choker
trap has set of wire loops that en-
circle the burrow when the trap is set.
All three types are designed to be
sprung by the same sort Of mechanism,
Ia trigger pan resting on depressed
portion of the mole ridge in such
way as to be lifted when the animal
passes beneath.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18
awning to the gradually decreasing
" number of wild fur bearing ami

AWING, to the gradually decreasing
~ number of wild fur bearing ami
mails, mole skins have found a
ready market and are valuable com
mereially according to Farmers Bull
letin 583, Department of Agriculture
It is significant to the lack of atten-
tion to small business matters, however,
that American mOleskins are not quoted
or offered on the markets. All the skins
used by American fnrriers are import
ed from Europe.
Auction lists of fur dealers in Lon.
don show that more than 5000, 900 mole
skins were sold in 1911, 1912 and 1918.
A small lot of American moleskins Sc
cured by the Biological Survey, U. s.
Department of Agriculture, was pre-
pared and made up by an expert fur
rier who pronounced them in every re-
speet equal or superior to European
skins. 1t seems likely, therefore, that
a new industry amounting to many
thousands Of dollars annually might be
developed in this country.
Five Recognized Groups.
Tn this country there are five recog-
nized groups Of true moles, two of
which are confined to the Pacific Coast
and the other three are distributed over
the section east of the one hundredth
meridian, extending from Canada to
the Gulf of Mexico. Tn the latter dis
|tricts and in the greater part Of Penn
sylvania, New York and New England
the common mole occurs with the star
nosed mole and Brewer s mole.
The mole is so seldom seen, even by
those who are familiar with its work
that it is often confused with other
small creatures, particularly the shrew,
the mole or meadom mouse, and the
pocket gopher. However, it can be
readily distinguished by it's stout, short,
front limbs ending in broad, rounded
hands with palms turned outward 1t
has a rather elongated body, close
plush-like fur, pointed snout, and a
short tail. Neither eyes nor ears are
in evidence. It is creature of strictly
subterranean habits.
Moles Are Disliked.
It is believed commonly that the
mole works only at regular periods each
day, but direct observation taken in
later summer and fall fail to substan-
tiate the theory. The moles are dis,
tasteful and seldom eaten by domestic
cats and dogs which have learned to
catch them. Hawks and owls take small
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18
Late Gossip and News From o. A. c.
Corvallis Students Make Good at New Yorkviews and
Reviews From ALI Departments of College

|
manufacture and handling, and avail
able market territory. He must like
wise inform himself of supply condi-
tions, the goods of competitors, and all
other practical branches of this eompli-
Gated business of selling switch boards.
1t takes a great deal of time and effort
to accomplish all the company requires.
but the remuneration is both liberal and
certain.
| Aside from the dozen students now
at the leading works of the company
many older men from o. A. G. have
gone out into one of these specialized
| fields of electrical business. The fol
lowing men have reported their pres
ent places of labor, according to H. /.
Smith, of the class of 1912. who has
recently returned to Schenectady from
a visit to mis- parents at Marshfield and
to the IA commencement exercises at
tho college:
| II. r. Zimmerman, 90, of The Dalles,
at Kansas City; II. N. Probst, 10, of
Albany, in Montana; j. G.. Planking
ton, TO- of The Dales, at San Fran
cisco, and J. D. Carnegie, II, at Mime
apolis
The students now in the shops of
the general company are the following:
J. Gordon, 10, of Portland; r. E.
Ewert, 10, of Portland; }. carnegie
(assigned); II. Pfandoefer, II, OF
Salem; II. p. Cady. H.. of Corvallis; +.
20. Mcmillan, ~. of salem H. Z. Nc
Lean, II, of Walowa; H. l. Smith,
II, of Marshfeld; W. DuMolin, ~, of
Corvallis; G. w. Morris, 'l3, of Cor
wallis; R. r. Mckenzie, l3, Lostine.
and s. R. Cohen, 'l3, of Portland.
"Students train at these great elee-
trical works from most of the leading
colleges of the country said Mr..
Smith. Several other schools Of the
West, among them the University of
Oregon, University of Washington,
Washington State College and the Uni
versity of California are represented.
The latter in particular has a large
delegation, although the 0. A. G. is most
largely represented of the Coast schools.
"'We find, too. that our students are
as well trained for the work as those
of any other school When students are
first received it is on recommendations
alone that the officers of the company
must rely for information about the
fitness of the students, and during the
first year there is no distinction made.
After that, however, students are ad-
vanced on their own merits, and here as
elsewhere in life, the personal equation
lis the important factor.
"The Oregon group was recommend
led for the work by Professor Hilla-
brand, who supplied us with applica-
|tion forms, and by other officers of the
college. Our company is very liberal
and broad in its policy toward us, and
students who show the qualifications
may consider their employment perma-
nent with good prospects for advance
ment. 1t seems TO me that this is the
best practical work open to gradu-
ates. -
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18

Students of the Oregon Agricultural
College are working at the forest nurs-
cry on the Siuslaw forest. The arrange-
ment is said to be mutually satisfactory
since the students gain experience in
forest nursery practice and their ass
sistance lowers the cost Of nursery
work. .
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1914-06-18

who find the time and the means to
enter. The foregoing course begins
September 90, 1914.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-01-29
VILLAGE IMPROVEMENT

tons scarcely favor the production of
leaders or the recognition of leaders.
The village is SO small a unit that in
dividualities are not lost in the mass,
and boundaries between classes and
cliques do not blur. Dearth Of social
mindedness in semi-rural communi-
ties is due largely to inability Of the
people to see the forest for the trees
to grasp tn end and the opportunities
of communal life, if once it could be
guided by an ideal of cooperation.
AS commented pom by a group of
writer's in The Atlantic in recent
years, it is the want of imagination,
of larger interests, which manifests
itself in a petty round Of gossip and
Of j~ealousies, and in a painful sense
of personal or family reserve. Given a
group small enough, and neighbor
Jones will be loath to suggest a To-
cal improvement, because it savors of
interference with %neighbor Smiths af-
fairs. The other factors NAV be, at
most, c~ontributory causes. One that
has to be considered is the rapidly
changing personnel of many villages,
They are not, as in Europe, inhabited
from generation to generation by a
family in the self-same trade, but by
er-shifting But the read
mess with which in~dividualism yields
to civic feeling bears a clear ratio to
population. AS the village becomes a
town, one association leads to an.
other and to improvements. -
It would be q serious matter, if the
American villages Indifference to at
Effectiveness rested on blunted precep-
tons. Then the proper method would
be a revival of lecturers Of the Oscar
Wilde type, who with sunfiower bou-
%tonniere could make the Chautauqua
circuit each a new gospel. Such men
could point out that there is no rea-
son why the fairness of Illinois should
not be made beautiful, and deliver to
Leadville's or Deseret's residents q new
version of Ruskin on the mountain
glory. But any. town which has gone
far enough in the concerted action OF
its citizens to provide itself with a
c~hautauqua is likely to be thinking
also of it's civic beauty. Possibly the
amphitheatre itself rests in a special
ly designed park, part of a plan Of
local Improvement which the distant
future will consummate. With the
process of natural selection between
fit and unfit buildings, the prospect OF
our small towns is not SO cherries as
the present ugly state of many would
indicate. Much will depend Upon the
extension Of those general or state
agencies of which W. have spoken
But at bottom, the change must fol-
low upon the birth of a new social
spirit in the village. itself. Wherever
In the future, we have a beautifiec
centre, we may be sure a set Of social
minded people has been created.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-01-29
THURSDAY, JAN. go, 1914.
RUNGE's GOOD 0

Grant S. Hager. one of the promi-,
nent progressive editors Of the state.
owner and publisher Of The Walsh
County Record, at Grafton, has the
following comment:
When the law creating the Office Of
fire marshal was passed by the last
legislative assembly, We, along with.
a large portion of the citizens Of tha
state. looked upon it as another raid
upon the public treasury, creating
more salaried jobs without return or
benefit to the tax payers. When, how
ever, Governor Hanna appointed Chief
Runge, of the Grand Forks fire de-
partment, as the first marshal, we felt
that the Office was taken out Of poll
tics and If it was possible to make it
of benefit to the state the first in
Cumbent of the Office would find that
way. Our expectations have been
more than realized. and we wish now
to say that the State Firemen's as
ISOLATION in urging this new law did,
a great service to the state. and that
Governor Hanna is entitled to credit
for turning down the many political
aspirants whose claims were pressed
for his position, and appointing a.
man who is not a partizan but who
Is and has been for a life time "
trained fire fighter. Fire Marshal
Runge has been going over the state
during the past year, conscientiously
looking over general conditions and
making suggestions here and there
which will prevent fires, and in case
of fires will prevent disasters. He
has condemned buildings where nee
essary and caused others to be closed
until they comply with legal provis-
ions as to exits and general construc-
ton. His work has been impartialiy
performed and is worth thousands of
dollars to the people of the state IN
measures tending to prevent fires. We
cannot close without driving home the
fact that the people can derive no
benefit from good laws unless they
are wisely and impartially enforced,
Marshal Runge has made this law ef-
fecti ; and efficacious because he has
a knowledge of its provisions and q
purpose to carry them into effect. an
other man as fire marshal, without
knowledge of fire fighting and with
out character and will, would have
written the new act a dead letter.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-01-29
TAUGHT A LESSON.

When President Roosevelt sent the
American battleship fleet aroun the
world the thing it demonstrated above
all Others was the fact that, without
the help of foreign navies, 1t never
could nave made the circuit or ONE
half of it. The tour was intended to
impress foreign nations with Ameri-
can naval power; what it actually did
demonstrate was that American ships
were helpless when any considerable
distance from home. What was lack
ing was an auxiliary fleet, without
which American battleships would be
helpless in time of war, if not within
reach Of this country's bases of sup
plies, which were few and very far
between.
Since that memorable tour Uncle
Sam has been slowly remedying the
weakness developed on the world ia
NOUS cruise. Whereas American
battleships formerly in foreign waters
We're compelled to depend upon for
eign ships for fuel supplies, hat would
~ Sh'S iCA AL III vi wal uIlue
the laws of nations, they no longer
would be helpless.
The United States navy now has a
fleet Of twenty-five fuel ships,
thirteen Of which represent the high
est type of GOLFERS, costing $1,O00,-
600 each. These modern GOLFERS are
capable of carrying either oil or coal.
Each carries more coal thar is stor-
ed at any one Of the governments
eleven coaling stations and each is
capable of supplying two battleships
at n time with fuel at sea.
Undoubtedly the battleship of the
future is to be driven by steam from
petroleum fired boilers. Secretary Of
the Navy Daniels has said as much.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-01-29
POLICY OF DENUNcIATIoN,

Bans on specific amusements and
practices by ecclesiastical or even
civil authorities do not appear to &C
complish the desired results. There
seems to be a natural perversity in,
human beings that makes them eager
to do things that are forbidden, ex-
cept where such things are so paloa-
bly, injurious to society that enlight-
ened self-interest joins in the crusade
against them.
But where amusenents or practices
are specifically harmless and have
any attractive features, the average
person ~stubbornly ~resists attempts of
authority to suppress them. Even the
motives of the authorities are impugn-
ed as Macaulay %slandered the p~uritans
by suggesting that they hated bear
batting not SO much because it gave
pain to the bear, but because it gave
pleasure to the spectators,
In spite of resolutions, sermons of
denunciation and ecclesiastical pro-
scriptions, the laity largely follows it's
own sweet will as to popular amuse-
ments. This fact is finally impressing
the most thoughtful churchmen and
other methods of dealing with what
all believe to be injurious to spiritual
conditions in the churches are being
considered. comments The st. Louis
Globe Democrat. One of the leading
churches OF America at each quadren-
NAL general conference wrestles with
the language of it's rules prescribing
certain specific amusements. It is gen.
e silly admitted that the language was
unfor' 1ately adopted forty years
& a general condemnation Of read
ing such literature and engaging III
such diversions as could not be done
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-01-29
EVERYRoDY's AFFAIR.".

If there is one subject above all
others in which the whole world is
interested. it is obviously the means
by which men n women can make
themselves better and happier.
The other day a correspondent
whose handwriting indicated culture
and studiousness wrote to The st.
Louis Times. asking for advice as to
how peace Of mind might be obtained,
The letter was signed "a Doubter."
The lei r was published, and i'm
med1ately answers, Or suggestions
from other correspondents began tc
arrive. A very large number of re-
sponses were made; and the variety in
tone and advice indicated that all sorts
and conditions of men and women
were encountering the same difficult
ties in life which hedged about "a
Doubter."
There ought to be something hope
full in this general interest in a sub
Ject which is not usually discussed in
public by individuals most deeply in
terested in it.
Casual students of life might easily
be led to believe that the most import :
ant thing in most peoples lives is
money-making, or the gaining of
power and influence.
Doubtless most people are striving
for money and influence; but it is pos
sible that most people make the mis-
take of believing that money and in
huence are usually desired for them
selves alone, and not as a lever with
which to roll the distractions which
lie in the road to the souls best de-
velopment.
Seemingly it is a typical frame of
mind that seeks spiritual growth and
moral betterment; and as long as this
is true. there need be little e that
the ace will not move upward even
during those periods when surface in
dications all point to sordid aims and
selfish ideals.