davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
FORTS AS BANNED
BY BRITISH LORD
Form of Construction in
Belgium Was Declared
to be Wrong.

London, Oct. 26.-Speaking of thu
fall of Antwerp, Lord Sydenham, the
leading British fortihcation expert
states that when he examined Bel.
gium's defenses in 1879 at the re.
quest of King Leopold, he strongly
condemned those of both Liege and
Namur, and expressed disappoint-
ment in the plans then being carried
out at Antwerp. These forts. Lord
Sydenham says, he at that
time could not have then withstood a
concentrated attack by field artillery.
This statement led to a controversy
with the famous Belgium engineer
and author of the defense plans, Cen
eral Brialmont. But Brialmont was
b to convince his government and
carry out his plans.
AS to h forts at Liege and Namur.
then under construction, Lord Syden-
ham says he gave the following re-
port to Leopold:
II declared they could not hold
their intervals properly. that their
ornaments were weak and slow IN
action, and that if the places were
to be held it could only be done by
constructing field entertainments with
artillery and other obstacles in the in
tervals. h number necessary to
mar the field trenches alone I placed
at 10000 men exclusive of the gar
risons of the forts. 1t is clear that
In the recent fighting the intervals
were neither properly %entrenched nor
the Germans failed at the beginning
to carry Liege was only because they
tried to storm the eastern front with
out adequate artillery preparation.
Nevertheless they entered the town
through undefended intervals, n as
soon as the artillery came up the
forts fell"
Lord Sydenham does not under
stand why the Belgian army. follow
ing the easy smashing of the lines
around Iiege and Narnur. did not
crate rough and ready defenses. in
which he has greater faith than in
conventional defenses.
great engineers invariably prove a
disappointment" declares the critic.
They cannot stand tho test of exper-
fence. These days. the conventional
forts are at a further disadvantage in
that the attacking fire is directed by
Aeroplanes."
He considers his theory further
borne out in the battle along the
Aisne. There two vast armies con-
centrated an artillery battle for
weeks without either side gaining a
material glory, fighting from the en-
empore ~fOrtitcatiOns erected during
the course OF the war.
His lordship's theories of defense,
which brought him into a. controversy
with General Brailmont. were derived
from the siege of Plevna. That was
defended mainly by rifle lines. with
shelters to which the men could retire
when under artillery fire. Its forts
were SO small and Insignificant as to
be little damaged by the Russian shell
fire.
ARTILLERY defense must be indie
pendent of the forts" concluded Lord
Sydenham. with guns Inc Howitzers
we'll concealed in the intervals. but
SO placed that they can be moved
from spot to spot. Infantry entrench-
backbone of defense. If the Belgians
had done this at Antwerp. the loss of
a fort need not have compromised
the defense"
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
HATS OFF TO THE
FIGHTING BELC|ANS
Allies Must Dof Their Lids
to Little Army in it's war
~. on the Germans.

London. Oct. 26.-rAll the allies
must take their hats off to the Bel
gan army which for several days has
been holding in check two German
army corps near Dixmude. frustrat-
ing the German designs on the strip
Or territory between Dunkirk and
Calais says a dispatch to the Times,
from one Of its correspondents in
northern France. The message con.
tinues:
1T is nov permitted to explain
how the Belgian army was able to
take up a position on the User canal,
IN other words. how it was, able to
maxe'a successful retreat from Ant
WerT in face Of the elaborate plans
Of the Germans. The Belgian army
sent a force of a few thousand men
t. the neighborhood Of Mullen Gin
East Flanders, ~ miles southwest of
eihent) with orders to hold back the
pursuing enemy for a suff1 cient period
which Rugged the Dutch frontier on
It's seward march. The battle of
Mullen eventually resulted in the
Virtual humiliation Of the gallant little
body Of Belgian fighters, but it meant
the salvation of the Belgian army and
their allies. -
The situation of the Belgians and
French at Dixmode has undergone a
change for the better in the past few
days. This does not mean. however,
that the Germans are on the run.
The reports Of a German retreat
toward Bruges are anticipatory and
exaggerated. The retreat up to the
present is a matter Of a mile or two.
made In order to get further away
from the guns on the warships. The
Germans are now entrenched a mile
or more inland and consequently are
able to pay less attention to sea at
tacks.
The casualties in the Belgian army
during its gallant fighting about DIX
nude have been tremendously heavy
but the spirit Of the troops still is
wonderful"
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
FRENCH

Madrid to the Exchange Telegraph
company under Thursdays date. re-
ports that a Barcelona message states
that the French customs officers at
Cerebre, near the southeastern bound
airy between France and Spain. seized
as c%ontraband a quantity of blankets
which were made in Catalonia and
were addressed to Swiss factories hut
which. it is believed. were destined
for the German army.
The Spanish government. the dis
patch also states, has prohibited the
export Of horses and mules which had
heen started on a laroe scale.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
THE KAIsER's SONS.
There Are Six of Them and All Are
Mt the Front.
brooklyn Eag1e.)

brooklyn EaEle.)
The Hohenzollern family, which has
ruled the kernel province of modern
Germany since 1415, is a sturdy stock.
1t has provided a line of rulers whose
achievements on the fields Of war as
WE'LL as in the arts Of peace are equal
ed by nc other royal family. Unlike
the royal lines, some of it's rivals, 1t
has always been blessed with more
son than daughters and the present
emperor is the proud father Of six
sturdy ons every one of them a train
ed soldier and ready to do his share
of the fighting in Germany's desperate
struggle against the world for her con
tinued existence as a nation.
Prince Friedrich Wilhelm. the cid
est son and heir to the German throne,
education began when he was IA years
old, and for four years he studied
at a military training school (Kadet-
tenanstalt.) In 1900 he became a lieu
tenant Of the First Imperial Guards
and has since then passed through
successive military grades to that of
colonel. He has been on duty with
different arms of the service. has
worked with the general staff, in the
miliar with the theory and practice
Of soldering. He vas married June
s, 1905, to Princess Cecilie of Neck
lenberg-Schwerin, who has given birth
to four sons. Known in his youth as
something Of a daredevil, inclined to
romantic flights, he has settled down
and become a sober, Woodworking
prince who is already relieving his ia
ther Of many Of the routine royal re-
sponsibilities.
Prince Eitel Frederick. the second
son. was born July Z, 1888. His mil
itary education had been less sever
than that Of the crown prince when
he became a lieutenant of the guards,
he has advanced to the rank Of ma
jor. He commands the First Batta-
lion Of the First regiment Of foot
guards and will be on active service
at the front In that capacity during
genial and easygoing than his older
brother and has always enjoyed grea,
popularity with the German people.
He was married at the age Of % years
to Princess Sophie Charlotte of Olden-
burg.
Adalbert. the third son, was born
in 1884. He has had a very thorough
education as a naval officer. and while
holding honorary commands in the
army. has studied at the Naval Aca-
denny and has served through various
ranks to that OF lieutenant captain,
which he holds at present. He will
90 through the war as al active Off
Ger of the German feet.
Prince August Wilhelm, the. next
son in point, of. age, is three years
Adalbert. While he has
had several years Of military training,
his father yielded to his evident pre-
objection for studies In law and ad-
ministratfon and enabled him to take
the regular doctor OF philosophy ex-
animation In Jurisprudence. When
not busted with his studies in eco
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
Story Of Life INSURANCE..
Seattle Post-Intelligencer

The beginning of life insurance up.
on scientific principles was in 1862
when a company vac formed in Lon.
don. Lack Of information prevented
1t from establishing equitable premi.
ums. On all ages between IL and 45
years there was a fiat charge of So
for twelve months insurance. or ap.
proximately ,three-fold greater than
the present cost.
The first American company be,
business seventy-five years ago.
It's early policies are objects e
curiosity at this time. They were
clumsy contracts with many amusing
features. For instance. all rights
hereunder were forfeited If the in.
sured moved to the city Of Washing
ton or any town with $4,000 inhabit-
ants, or if he travelled west Of the
Mississippi river without the written
consent Of the company.
While of comparatively recent orig
In, life insurance has made tremend-
strides. In American companies
and societies there are nearly 49,
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
RyFarren

100000 policies in force. representing
$4,000, 0O0, 600 OF insurance. The re-
sources of company are nearly
equal to three-fourths Of the capital
of all the national banks. Another
company has 100000 900 policyholders
"a number equal to one-seventh of
the entire population of the. United
States. Its membership exceeds the
total inhabitants Of twenty-five
states.
The 2a5 old-line life companies Of
America have resources Of $4,654,-
100000, a sum twice as large as the
combined capital Of all the 29,254
banks of this country. with the capt.
tai of the Bank of England, Bank Of
France. the central banks Of Russia.
Italy. Spain. Austria, Belgium. Swe-
den and the Imperial Bank of Ger
many thrown in. The accumulations
of the life companies are d1, 100000
900 greater than the total amount Of
money In circulation.
Hope is tomcrrow's veneer over to-
days disappointment.
Indigestion of the conscience is US
ually due to stolen sweets.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
MATTHEWS FLAYS
MORMON Church
Two Missionaries Hear In.
dictment at Services Sun
day Morning.

with W Mormon missionaries oc-
cupyins front seats in the First Pres
nyterian church Sunday night. Rev.
W. Fl. Matthews mercilessly tiayed he
Church of Latter Day Saints, declar-
ing the Book of Mormon" to he an
ouf and out fake" and exposing the
alleged practice of polygamy and
gold grabbing methods by the pres.
ent heads of the organization.
Following the service. the two Nor.
mon demanded that they be given a
chance to reply to Mr.. Matthews
CHARGES. offering to meet him in pub
Ic debate, either at the church or at
the city hall. On the advice of sew
eral of his congregation, Mr.. Mat
!heWs refused to accept the challenge,
however. and after a. short argument
the Saints left the church.
Mr.. Matthews took for his text the
admonition of St. Paul that Deacons
should be the husband of one wife
only. Hc told Of the origin OF the
Mormon church. which was founded
by Joseph Smith. an alleged clairvoy-
ant. who, according to Mr.. Matthews,
took a written by an Ohio
clergyman, and with it's aid faxed"
the Mormon scriptures.
Plural Marriages.
Later, after his church was secure
;! ''ali1tSu, SIIItH Idu d NlSlOn conn.,
handing him to adopt polygamy, and
from that time on the system Of
plural marriages has heen in force
in the church.
This system is still in force. MI.
Matthews declared. although It, was
formally abandoned by a manifesto
issued by the leaders Of the church
in 1892.
There have. however. been thou
sands OF plural marriages since that
time, the speaker declared. many Of
them celebrated in such a. way that
no record Of them is left.
Business Methods.
The business methods Of the church
were also attacked. Mr.. Matthews
pointing out that the church was one
Of the greatest trusts in the country
which controlled most Of the indus
tries in which Mormons took part.
The profits of these industries he said
went to Joseph Smith, the present
president of the church.
On the political side Mr.. Matthews
said that the church absolutely con-
trolled the actions Of it's members
and declared that through it's business
relations with large corporations
throughout the country was able to
influence the action of many other
members of the two houses of con-
gress.
FOL this reason. he said that it con-
stituted a real danger to the life of
the country.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26

nomics and Jurisprudence he follow
ed the regular course Of military
training and has advanced to the
rank OF captain. He passed through
Ltege a few days on his way to join
his regiment.
Prince Oscar. who is 26 years of
age, very early showed a fondness
for soldering, and apart from the
time when he attended the School of
Princes at Plauea and the University
of Bonn, he has devoted himself to
studying the arts Of war. He Is now
a first lieutenant of the guards.
The kaiser's youngest son. Prince
Joachim, is "a years of age. and has
also advanced to the grade of first
lieutenant.
Emperor Williams only son-in- law
Is Duke Ernest August Of Braunsch-
Weig. He vas born at Vienna in
1887 and married Victoria Louise, the
kaiser's only daughter, in May of last
wear.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
SALVATION Army
| Makes BIG HIT
Atkins Right Well
Satisfied With it's Work
in Camps.

London, Oct. 2S.-The Salvation
Army has made "A hit with Tommy
Atkins. Three thousand of him may
be seen any day at the recreation tent
which the Salvation Army maintains
at Colchester, devouring some Is
dozen pork pies. having a look at the
magazines and newspapers. writing
letters home, and occasionally par
ticipating in some religious service.
But the demands for food have been
SO great that the rmy has as vet had
little time for song and prayer.
The Colchester camp is only one
Of many where the salvationists
maintain these popular recreation
tents for h volunteers. An appre-
citation Of the work is instanced at
Cambridge, where Adiutant and Mrs.
Windiate of the Salvation Army
served the soldiers SO faithfully that
the colonel in command presented his
dress sword to Adjutant Windiate. He
and his wife particularly distinguish
ed themselves in caring for some $50
wounded soldiers.
Commissioner Higgins. formerly in
New York with Commander Eva
Booth, directed the work Of these
recreation centers. In addition to
service at home. there are 500 select
ed Salvation Army officers who have
offered themselves for work with the
British Red Cross and stand ready
to enter the field whenever needed.
Although the charges made for
food and drink are very slight, Cen
eral Booth estimates he can MAIN
tain a refreshment, and amusement
tent Cor a wear on $3.50. The Saliva
tionists charge only 2 cents for a cup
of tea and the same for bread and but
ter or a pork die. Cool. weather Ia
making the tents unsatisfactory and
movable buildings Of corrugated iron
are rapidly replacing the canvas shell
tiers.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
NOW Is THE TIME WHEN
1T WILL PAY TO SAVE.
(Rv 1obn mr. Osk;son

(By John M. Oskison.)
Through the American Bankers as
ISOLATION some sound and timely ad-
vice Is going out to the people; I am
very glad to do what ! can to pass It
along. For instance:
"One prime necessity for the coun-
try is increased capital. 1t may be
set down as certain that for future
development our country will have to
rely upon it's own capital, because all
that of Europe will be needed for
many years to pay the costs of til
present war and to make good its. raw
ages.
New capital is nothing more or
less than the margin between income
and expenditures. The only way this
country can accumulate new capital
is through the savings Of those whose
expenditures are less than their in
come. The people who have
such a margin and the greater that
margin is, the faster will capital be
accumulated.
There has rarely been a greater
inducement for thrift than now. The
man who has a surplus can invest it
ta1nty Of a larger income from 1t than
for many years."
True words those! 7 noted the 9TH
er day that the small buyers of New
York City's recent issue Of 800, o0O,-
600 Of ehort-term 6 per cent. notes
were given first chance: the estimate
was made that three-fourths of them
would fall into the hands of the in
vesting public rather than be kept by
the big bankers and the millionaire in
vestors.
Such a sign is significant. It indi-
Gates that those who have the job of
raising capital for legitimate purposes
IN this country are ready to let the
little fellow in on a proper basis.
But in order to share in the .oppor-
tunities for investing money In safe
securities on the right terms, the little
Fellow must have the actual money.
He can't borrow from a bank at 5 per
cent. n invest in city bonds that
Yield six; he must have saved what
he means to invest.
And the time to begin to save that
suns small or large, for Investment Is
now!
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26

One kind Of progressive is a man
afflicted with the speed craze.'
Perhaps a rolling stone gathers NO
moss because 1t isn't. on the level.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
$4,000

was kept by Peter J. Kyms in a small
drawer n his desk. He kept the
drawer locked. He carried the key
on a ring. This ring was attached to
a chain. The chain in turn was fas-
tened to a suspender button. Never
theless the drawer was broken in,
and the money stolen. He now keeps
his money in Bank. It cost him
$4,000 to learn that a Bank Book is
safer than a desk. a key-ring. a chain,
and q suspender button.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
County
COMMISSIONS

To the Voters Of the Second Commits
sioner District of Grand Forks
County:
Gentlemen: I am a candidate on
the republican ticket for reelection
as county commissioner. If elected, I
will continue to look. after the affairs
Of the county carefully and in 4 busi-
ness manner. sasyI have done in the
past. l..
I thank my many friends for. past
port at the coming election will be ap-
ort at the coming election will be app
preciated.
J. R: PoUPoRE.
Political Adv.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26
The money you deposit
with US today the thief
cannot get tomorrow.
Farmers & Mechanics
Savings Bank
Grand Forks. N. Dakota

Hours: "a. M. 70 m. We pay
n per cont interest on Savings. Com
Wounded quarterly.
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26

When it to the iumping-off
place there are some who want to
LAY down."
Grand Forks daily herald. (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1914-1916, 1914-10-26

The future ruler Of the German
empire, the Crown Prince Frederick
William, is playing a prominent part
In the war, but the Prince of Wales,
who will become King of England
when his fathers reign is ended, has
been kept at home because of his
delicate health and his youth
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-12-12

Suit Cases, Hand Bags, Indian
Robes, Trunks, Automobile Kits,
Automobile Lamps, Auto Horns.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1914-12-30
When Flour Was Scarce.

The scarcity of -four drove the prlvy
council to some remarkable sumptuary
recommendations in i795 All families
We're begged TO give up buildings and
pies and the privy councillors announc-
ed that they promised to set an ex-
ample by combining themselves to fish,
meat, vegetables and household bread.
partly made OF rye. -quartern loaf
week was recommended as the maxi
mum allowance per head. and the LOAF
should be put on the table for each TO
help himself so that there might be
no waste. Rich people were urged TO
do without soups and gravies. to take
only the prime cuts and leave the rest
for the poor. The poor should be taught
how to make soup and rice pudding.
rice being a hew food which until then
had been little used.-London Chron-
icie.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1914-12-30
NORTH SULLIVAN.

Hollis Bowden has gone to Kingman To
teach.
Mrs. Nicholas Scott, OF Bar Harbor. is
visiting relatives here.
Miss Beatrice Gordon, who teaches in
snrry, spent Christmas with her fa.her.
Ernest Haskell, wno is attending L. o,
NJ, spent the Christmas recess with h,s
parents.
Tine smeIt fishermen are meeting with
success. Their little tents on the ice form
a small village.
Miss Berniee johnson, who teaches in
the Gordon district, spent Christmas with
her sister in cherrytield.
Arthur Hall and family, who have spent
several days here with SIR. Halls parents,
have gone 10 Harrington.
Mrs. Nina Bunker, who has been with
her mother several weeks returned to her
home in Gouldsboro Saturday.
The Christmas tree and concert was
much enjoyed by the little folks. Santa
made his appearance and distributed
presents.
Nj. w,niired Gray, OF orland, and
Miss Ruby Liscomb, OF Bar Harbor, were
guests last week OF Misses Florence and
Rosa Havey.
Dallas Butler. of this place, and Miss
Florence Dyer, OF Bangor, were quietly
married Christmas night. CongratulA-
tions are extended.
nee ~ X.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1914-12-30
GOOD ROADS ARE MEANS
FOR LARGER CROPS.
Investigations Snow How Agricultural
Output Depends Upon Highways.

That an improved road will increase
vastly the productiveness of the area
through which it runs has now been
satisfactorily demonstrated by studies
conducted by the United States de-
partment of agriculture In Virginia.
Conditions in Spottsylvania county
were investigated with particular care.
and the results have proved surprising.
In 1909 the county voted 500, 600 to i'm
prove forty miles of roads. Two years
after the completion of this work the
railroad took away in twelve months
from fredericksburg. the county seat.
71,0o0 tons Of agricultural and forest
products hauled over the highways to
that town. Before the improvement of
the roads this total was only 10000
tens annually. In other words. the
quantity of the county's produce had
risen more than As per cent. Still more
interesting. however. is the increase
shown in the quantity of the dairy
products. In 1909 these amounted to
I14S15 pounds. in 1911 to 2T3.02S
pounds, an increase OF practically I40
per cent In two years. In the same
time shipments of wheat had increased
90 per cent, tobacco 81 per cent and
lumber and other forest products As
Per cent.
In addition to this increase in guam
tity the cost of hauling each ton Of
produce was materially reduced. In 9th
er words, the farmers not only produce
more, but produce more cheaply, for
the cost OF transportation 10 market is,
of course, an important factor In the
cost Of production. From this point OF
view 1t is estimated that the SI00,Gcan
spent in improving the roads I'M Spot.
syiVann..s county saved the farmers OF
that county SAL 600 year
In the past two years the traffic stud
les Of the federal experts show that APP
proximately an average OF 65loO0 tons
of outgoing products were hauled over
the improved roads In the county an
average distance Of eight miles, or
total of $4,000 ton miles" Before the
roads were improved it was estimated
that the average cost Of hauling was 20
cents a ton mile" after the improve
ment this fell to II cents ''ton mile"
or saving OF s cents. A saving OF 8
cents per mile on 10000 ton miles" is
$4,000 year. The county's invest
ment of 100000. in other words, re-
turns dividend Of 40 per cent an
nually.
Because this saving. in cases of this
character. does not take the form OF
cash put directly into the farmers
pocket there Is widespread tendency
to believe that 1t is fictitious profit.
while as a matter or fact 1t Is just as
real source Of profit as an increase in
the price of wheat.