Evening journal., 1914-03-25
MONEY IN HOES,
UNCLE SANS TIP
Department Of Agriculture
Advises Farmers TO Give
Pigs Good Care
GOVERNMENT FIGURES
OUT FARM PROFITS
By The United Press.

BY The United Press.
WASHINGTON, March 25-Popular
belief that the farm owner who lives
in the city and rents his farm is in the
class with prodacious plutocrats was
given a severe jolt in a bulletin Just
Issued by the Department Of Agricul-
ture which shows that the average re-
turn from rented farms Is but three
and one-half per cent on the invest
ment The size Of the farm seems
to have no effect on the percentage.
The bureau of farm management
which developed these facts studied
several hundred farms in Indiana,
Illinois and Iowa. States in the corn
belt were chosen because they excel
almost all other regions in wealth of
farm products. In this section mod
ern machinery, with more aorses and
less men, has made the farm less
than 100 acres an inefficient unit"
Further readiustments are constantly
taking place tending to lessen the
number of person needed and to in
crease the net productions of the
farm.
The average labor incoms OF the
farm owners operating their own
farms was s40S for the year studied,
and $50 for the tenants. These fg-
ures are obtained by deducting 5 per
cent. Of the capital investment from
the net income. As the tenant has
smaller capital investment this
labor income is proportionately
larger
Strangely enough. the farmers maxi
ing the lowest labor incomes are on
big farms, but they fail through in
efficient management. Poor crops,
low prices for products sold, poor
stock, failure to work and unused
capital are given as the main causes
contributing to their failure. The
income of the farmer who owns his
farm is in direct proportion to his
capital and the size of his farm Men
owning small farms often materially
increase their incomes by renting ad-
ditional land. The tenants income
is in direct proportion to the risk
he assumes. On the cash rent basis
his income is greater in a good year
and less I'm a poor year than when
he rents on the share basis. ApproNi-
mately one-third of the total farm oX-
pense is for labor. and for this rea-
son the family size" farm is the
most desirable: that is one which
provides just fair amount of work
for the farmer and his sons and per-
mits the best use Of men horses and
machinery.
OF the "crop farm where 80 per
cent or over the total farm receipts
are derived from the sale of grain,
and the live stock farm where the
farmer feeds most OF his crops, the
latter proved a much better invest
ment. though the fact that they were
unusually larger than the crop farm
contributed something to this result.
But the average labor income of the
crop farmer who owned his own farm
was but SOS per farm, whereas the
average livestock farmer under SINH
lar conditions had a labor income of
$3.50.
pigs in clover" is more than a
figure of speech, says the bureau of
animal industry-it's a good invest
ment, and the pig that shared red
and white blossoms with the humble
bee is going to put more gasoline in
the farmers runabout than a less
favored rooter that never stuck its
snout outside of pen.
Too often the hog is considered a
scavenger and his ability to use waste
is regarded as his chief value Ac-
cording to the Department of Agricul-
ture experts, however well he
serves this purpose, II is reported out
that it will pay TO give him good
care, feed and housing. Forage crops
are especially beneficial to young
growing animals. though it is doubt
full If It ever pays TO try to keep pigs
on forage crops alone. But the en-
tire hog herd can be run on forage
crops and will profit by this method
of management.
The crops best adapted to grazing
with pigs are alfalfa, rape. colver
blue grass Bermuda, rye, oats. SOY
beans and COW peas. The selection
depends on the nature Of the soil
the climate and the rain fall. Alfalfa
is the greatest forage crop on soils
suited to its growth. Rape and clover
are also excellent foods. both stand.
] INK MAEN III IA0ANAn WhAAH 10 NhN NA'
ment needed TO balance ordinary
grain feeds.
Give the pig an honest chance tc
make you money by giving him green
feeds in their natural state" admon-
ish experts, "and his growth, health
and pork making ability will be in
creased"
egg powder" and egg substitute
have been branded as undesirables by
DIT. Carl Alsberg. chief of the bureau
Of chemistry, and he has refused per.
mission for manufacturers TO put
such articles on the market.
Chemical analysis showed that the
i proposed substitutes we're only
cheap baking powder containing q
considerable excess of ground rice as
a filler and colored yellow with pow
dered turmeric They we're shown tc
have no more IN common with eggs
or genuine powderd eggs than they
had with ham sandwiches or straw
berry jam.