The Marshall republican., 1914-01-02

ter the first week Of unemployment.
workmen more than eighteen 7ears
old get s1.75 a week and under eigb-
teen years old, 90 cents a week, MP 10
a maximum Of is weeks unemployed
in any t~welvemonth. The cost to the
state OF unemployment insurance II
about 50. 200. 900 annually.
Government Employment Aseneiss-
The Labor Exchange Act 10, In every
way. a supplement to the UnempIoy-
ment Act. II provides government 10
Dor exchanges to find Jobs for work
mon and workmen for Jobs. In the
three years since this scheme became
operative 100000 vacancies have
been filled and nearly 100000 jobs %
a casual nature found for workmen.
A large amount has been advanced BY
the state for travelling expenses for
workmen for whom Jobs have been
found. The workman who would claim
unemployment benefit must first show
that he has applied to the Labor Ex-
change for employment and been I'M
able to obtain II.
Minimum Wage "Whlte List"
The Workmen's Compensation Act
is not new, but an extension to other
workers. and to include compensation
IN the case OF certain Industrial dis
eases. The Trades Boards Act at
tackled the Industrial and social evil OF
sweating. IL established trade boards,
composed OF employers and workers
in equal proportions. together with
members appointed by the Board OF
Trade. These boards FIX minimum
rates for wages for time work In GER
tain trades and MAJ also IN general
minimum rates for piece work. Tho
trades to which the act has already
been made to apply are: Ready.made
and custom tailoring; cardboard box
making. machine-made lace and
nCt.lnishing and chain.making. A
white List OF employers who agree
TO the minimum wage is made public
and no government contracts are
awarded 10 firms not on this list.
Early Closing for Shops.
The Early Closing Act. which both
ers some tourists who ind shops
closed at unexpected and apparently
unreasonable times. gives weekly half
holidays all over Great Britain to shop
keepers and their assistants. All
shops-American. stores-must be
closed one week day not later than one
o'clock In the afternoon. except where
food or newspapers are sold-which.
with letters, constitute the trinity for
which man will not willingly wait.
Even excepted shops may be closed II
two-thirds Of those in he district In
the trade wish them closed. All classes
Of shop assistants must be given ono
half.holiday a week and the general
work hours are regulated by Law.
Other acts prevent the employment OF
women In Industrial occupations dur
Ing the night. make regulations re-
garding the protection OF health In fac
tories and attack the problem OF child
labor. The Housing and Town Plan
ming Acts amplify in their provisions
earlier acts under which the state nc
quires land for housing purposes and
deals with unsanitary areas 0 4 dwell
ings.
Crank Socialism,"
These are some OF the more striking
measures which Great Britain's leyls-
lature Is using as tools In the con-
s~truction OF tomorrow's British en-
pire.
1T Is rank Socialism" said one, but
what are you going 10 do about its A
reaction will come and come soon. but
until that does come these laws AM
more OF the same kind will be enacted.
weakening private Initiative. diminish
Ing selfrespect and dlscouraging self
reliance and thrift. II the state is to
be- a cruteh. we will all grow inirm In
time and lean upon IL. Contentment.
not discomfort. should be preached.
We ere sowing tho wind TO reap the
whirlwind.'
Prosperity should pay a thank Of
fering." said another Brltisher. Sc
much for the new taxes. AS for the
so-calle6 sociallstic legislation. II is
not socialism but democracy. the CIV
Ing TO every man a chance, and SO
far az honest, living wage and fair
laws for capital alike with labor. and
opportunity for education, leisure and
employment can make II so. an equal
chance. Is not that the chief business
81 a democratic state? As for content
mcnt-dld you read the White Paper
an Official report Of the distribution
Of wealth."
The toad beneath the harrow knows
Exactly where each tooth-point goes;
The butterfly beside the road
breaches contentment TO that toad"
The eyes OF the fool are in the ends
OF the EARTH" said Solomon. In Great
Britain IL is a time Of introspection.
painful but profitable.
Lord R~osebery's Story.
Lord Rosebery told a story the
liner day OF an Aberdeen professor
whose youth was properly full OF zeal
for learning, but who was too poog tr
crafty II, Through n long fierce
winter In Scotland-where winters are
winters-ha shlverad without an ovar.