davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
CREDIT GIVEN HOMEsTEADER
ON NATIONAL FOREST LANDS

A decision has recently been hand
ed down by the secretary Of the in
terror to the effect that persons, who
have or who may hereafter apply for
and make homestead ont,y on the
national forests under the forest
homestead act, will be credited at final
proof for continuous residence upon
and cultivation of lands occ,ipied un-
der special use permits, ieuei by the
forest service, prior to actual rcstora-
ton Of the lands Of entry. This rul-
ing of the secretery re-esta biishes the
original Interpretation placed upon
the law by ex-Secratary C;srfield but
which was reversed by decision
promulgated January 1, 1910. It is
opinion Of forestry officials that tho
new decision will materially benefit
all bona fidc settlers on the nat;ona.
forests, since it places them upon an
equal footing with those making
homes upon the public domain. Con-
siderable delay is frequently encoun-
tered between the time agricultural
tracts applied for are examined and
can be opened to entry. In order to
prevent any hardships on account Of
this delay 1t is said to have been I
policy of long standing with the for
est service to issue to the applicant
free special use permit authorizing
him to occupy and use the land pend
ing its restoration to entry. This
permit in itself was Of great advan-
tage to the homesteader since It en-
abled him to improve and cultivate
the land. The added benefit Of hsing
able to accelerate patent BY havinG
their time and labor credited % thas1
at final proof will undoubtedly p1og1
boon to . large number a ~
seeking permanent homes % M ~
ticnal forests. Pueblo Chisf ftsan. .;},'
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
Department.
Sends out Durra Seeds

The following letter is self-explana
tory. The Herald will be glad to di.
vide the federita among the dry farm
ers. At this time the seed has not
been received but will probably be
on hand in the course of few days
or by the time applications for some
of it is made.
Washington, d. :, April 3, 1914.
Hon. G. N. Raymond,
Editor Evening Herald,
Durango, Colo.
My Dear Mr.. Raymond:
The agricultural department has
furnished me with a few packages OF
federita seed for experi1 ntation in
the dry farming portions Of the state
and am sending you couple of
small packages herewith If you have
no place or time 10 use the seed your.
self, kindly present it, with your and
my compliments, to some Industrious
farmer who may desire to make use
of it. If he had to buy this seed he
would have to pay very high price
for it. You probably know that it
was first imported from Alexandria,
Egypt, in 1906, and is member of
the sorghums, called Durra or Sudan
Durra. 1t is an early maturing sor-
ghum and is valuable for both grain
and forage, and is drought resist
ing plant. 1t has rather slender
stems five to seven feet high, resem-
bling milo, but is earlier than dwarf
milo and three weeks earlier than the
blackhull kafir. 1t is supposed to yield
from thirty to fifty bushels per acre.
1t should be planted in rows the same
as Indian corn, about three feet apart
and about to 12 inches apart in the
row. Six to eight pounds of seed are
sufficient to plant an acre. 1t should
be cultivated much the same as corn.
The agricultural department recon-
mends it very highly and whoever
takes this seed ought to raise it for
seed and get start in his community.
am just sending out what few
packages have to some of the news
paper boys of western olorado, as l
haven't sufficient quantity to distrib-
ute generally or make any public men,
tion of it. If whoever takes it does
not know how to plant and raise this
seed, he can undoubtedly obtain cir
cular of instructions from the agri-
cultural department if he wants to
make careful study of the matter
for profitable and practical use.
With my kindest regards, remain
Very cordially yours,
EDWARD T. TAYLOR.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
BATTLE OF LUDLOW IS CALLED SLAUGHTER OF THE
NNOCfN1S" death LIST IS NOW PLACED AT FIFTY

DENVER, April Ex-Governor Am
mons wired Lieutenant Governor
Fitzgerald this morning that he was
leaving Washington Immediately for
Denver.
Fitzgerald announced that bat
tie occurred at the Delagua mine at
$3.50 this morning in which five mine
guards were slain. Five Of the guards
were slain. Two Of the guards were
David Donovan and Carl Johnson. II
| is claimed that the strikers opened
fire from the hills. Fifty militiamen
rushed from Ludlow and fired several
volleys. Fitzgerald declared that two
hundred strikers attacked the guards,
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
ILLINOIS LIEUT.. GOVERNOR
ECONOMIC VALUE 81 WEEK

CHICAGO, April 22.-Lieutenant
Governor Barrett O'Hara of Illinois
candidate for the United States SEN
ate from this state and chairman of
the Illinois vice commission, admit
ted today that his economic value is
about 81 week-minimum unknown.
Mrs. O'Hara is more valuable than
i am from an economic standpoint" !"
he explained, telling of his personal
probe into wage conditions in the east.
During the Illinois vice commits
sion's probe, the minimum wage for
girls was one Of the problems O'Hara
became chiefly interested in. O'Hara
told how he and his wife investigated
conditions first hand at Bridgeport.
Conn. Roughly dressed, the two part
ed at the Bridgeport railroad station.
O'Hara finally secured position in
a corset factory as roustabout at
81 week. When he demurred at the
wage offered, he was told 1t would
at least buy dread and soup" O'Hara
held the place three days and was
discharged. His job was filed by a
stalwart man with more muscle.
In the meantime, Mrs. O'Hara Sc
cured work in knitting factory for
S. week. She held her job the en-
tire week and was not discharged. In
addition, Mrs. O,Hara received three
proposals of marriage. One would-be
husband explained that he was max
ing $11 week and tn at eve car
live"
The lieutenant governor and his
wife spent month investigating con
ditions in the east.
"Deplorable" is the best explanation
they agreed today.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
STATE HOUSE EMPLOYEES
MUST TAKE EXAMINATIONS

DENVER, April 22.-State house
watchmen sat at their desks in the
corridors today and wondered at the
rules of civil service.
Word has gone forth that every
janitor, gardner and watchman would
have to pass civil service examina-
tions to hold their jobs. Should the
civil service questions be confined to
history, every watchman would write
an account Of the civil war. Being
civil war veterans they supposed
themselves exempt from civil service
regulations. If their jobs depend or
it, the men will pilfer grandchildren
school books and prepare for a civil
service examination.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
PENNSY SUFFRAGETTES
OPEN THEIR CAMPAIGN

HARRISBURG, Pa, April 22-suf-
fragettes of Pennsylvania today be-
gan four weeks campaign to force
candidates for nomination to the state
house of representatives to come out
into the open on the question of pro-
viding for vote for the electors of
the state on the matter of woman
suffrage. Candidates of every politi-
cal party will be informed that re-
fusal will be considered as opposition
to woman suffrage, and that the wo-
men will fight all candidates who do
not declare themselves.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

recognized authorities of childhood
from the United States, Europe,
South American countries, China and
Japan. For six days these experts
will discuss every phase of the up
bringing. training and education of
the child and the congress is bound
to be of inestimable benefit to the
mothers all over the world.
Primary conferences and business
meetings, to effect an organization
we're held yesterday. under the direc.
tion of Mrs. Frederic Schoff. of Phila.
delphia, president Of the Naticna
Congress- Of Mothers. Today ther.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

vision of the National Congress of
Mothers and the Parent Teachers as
sociation.
From every state in America and
from most of the civilized countries
of the world thousands of mothers
have come to attend this great meet
ing and the congress bids fair to be
the most important human welfare
gathering since the memorial Con-
gress on Hygiene and Demography
held two years ago. On the program
are more than forty speakers from
all parts of the world, women and
men Of International regulations and
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
United Press.

United Press.
TRINIDAD, Colo, April 22.-The
miners leaders say that at least fifty
are dead at Ludlow. Further inves-
tigation increases the horror. The
labor leaders here have already man,
ed the battle the slaughter of the
innocent" as 1t Is believed that two
thirds Of the victims were women and
children.
The militia was this morning in
control Of the district along the rail
road track, two miles above and be.
low Ludlow. Both sides are resting
on their arms and are prepared to re-
sumo hostilitiss.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

Inc HTSt WaT OF the OnlteO btdtes
with Mexico was brought on directly
by the annexation of Texas, but back
of that was great many other trou-
bles. Mexico had been an unjust and
injurious neighbor from the day it
adopted republican form of govern
ment in 1924. Impoverished by the
civil wars which had proceeded to the
establishment of this government. the
country was greatly Impoverished
and did not hesitate to plunder Am
erican shipping in the gulf and con-
fscating the property of American
merchantmen. The United States rem
onstrated in vain. In 1881 a treaty
was made between the two countries
in which it was agreed that this sort
of thing would be stopped. However,
Mexico did not keep its word. Rob-
berries continued until 1910 until the
total amounted to over $6,O00,00O and
Texas was taken by the United
States in satisfaction of this claim.
Being fully aware of the hostile
feeling of Mexico, President Polk, in
July, 1S45, sent General Zack Taylor,
then in command of the army, to go
to Texas and take position near the
Rio Grande. This force of about 800
was called the Army of Occupation
for the defense of Texas. At the
same time strong naval command
under Commodore Conner sailed for the
Gulf of Mexico to protect American
shipping.
In September of that year General
Taylor formed camp at Corpus
Christi and there remained until
January 13, 1846, when he moved that
camp to a point opposite the Mexican
town of Matamoras, where large
number of Mexican troops we're sta
toned. This was disputed territory
and Taylor was warned that he was
on foreign ground. Leaving this point
with about 450 men in charge, Tay-
lor abandoned to the Rio Grande and
began the erection of Fort Brown.
President Herrera of Mexico was
anxious for peace with the United
States, but not so with the people and
SO Herrera was deposed and General
Paredes elected in his place. The
new president sent General Ampudia
with large force to drive the Am
ericans beyond the Neucos. April IL
Ampudia ordered Taylor to with
draw. Taylor refused, continuing to
strengthen Fort Brown. The Mexican
army was strongly reinforced end the
situation became critical.
On April "a party of American
soldiers were captured and Captain
Thornton killed. On May 3, after
Taylor with force had left Fore
Brown to go to the aid of Point Isbel,
the Mexicans began to surround the
fort. On the 9Th Of May word was
sent to Taylor that the fort xas be-
ing attacked and Taylor started to
return. On the noon of the next day
he met and defeated 5000 Mexican
soldiers under the command # Cen
sral Arista at Palo Alto. Next day
a second battle was tough. at Resaca
and again the Americans were VIC
torious.
On account the lack of facilities for
quick news, and before the informa-
tion of these battles reached Washing
ton congress had on May II, 1886,
declared that, "by the act of the re-
public of Mexico, state of war exists
between that government and the
United States" At the same time an
appropriation Of $10,0O0,000 for car
rying on the war was made. On May
20 the Mexican government also de-
clared war.
The treaty of peace known as the
Guadalupe-Hida pact which ended
- n D-A - - -
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
Congress Of Mothers
Opens 10 Washington

WASHINGTON, D. c., April 22.-
The perfect child-msntally, morally,
physically and spiritually lis the
paramount object Of the third Inter-
national Congress on the Welfare Of
the Child, which convened in Wash
ington today and will continue for q
week. through April 81. The meet
ing il under the direction and super
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
PUBLIC FAIRGROUNDS AT
SPRINGS OPEN JUNE Z

COLORADO SPRINGS, April a.
Arthur Murray, of Cleveland, o., who
was here in charge of the Fairgrounds
last summer, has been re-engaged foi
this summer and will take charge OF
the work June 3. He will be assisted
by several teachers of the public
schools.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
VERA cruz CAPTURED BY AMERICANS
REASONS FOR OUR FIRST
WAR WITH OLD MEXICO

this war was signed on February 2,
lS4S. 1t stipulated the evacuation of
the city of Mexico by the American
troops, the payment of $3,OO0,OOO in
hand and $12,000,000 in four annual
installments by the United States to
Mexico for New Mexico and Califor-
mia. Later these features were chang
ed somewhat.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
NOT A SACRIFICE HIT.

Here is tough problem.
"Yes?"
"Yes, indeed. When man is swat
ting flies, hits one but does not kill
it until he hits again, how should he
figure his batting average?"
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

WASHINGTON, D. c., April 22.--
President Wilson this afternoon sign
ed the joint "war resolution"
He sent special message to con-
gress asking that half million dol
lars be appropriated for the care Of
refugees from Mexico.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
United Press.

VERA CRUZ, Mex. April 22.-Ad-
miral Badgers fleet arrived this
morning. The combined fleets of Ad-
mirals Badger and Fletcher at 8
to'clock this morning began shelling
Vera Cruz. knocking down the houses
where the Mexican sharpshooters
refuged to pick off marines as they
landed yesterday. Light guns are
used as full bombardment is unneces-
sary.
The trouble started after Fletcher
ultimated the mayor and other off,
cials, demanding guarantee that the
Mexicans stop firing at the Ameri-
cans. Receiving no reply, he opened
| fire.
Consul Canada estimates the casual
ties of Yesterdays Sighting four Am
ericans claim and twenty wounded. A
hundred and fifty Mexicans lost their
lives. The fighting started about half
an hour after the 500 marines landed
At first there was no sign Of resist
ance, and the crowds of people who
had assembled expecting to see trou-
BILE were distinctly disappointed. Sud
denly few shots went buzzing around
the marines. A moment later shots
were exchanged between the marines
and the Mexicans guarding the Gus
tom house. Then fghting commenced
in earnest. While 9o large forces at
tempted to stay the progress of the
Americans, small numbers here and
there. from behind doors and build
ings, on high house tops, the greater
part of the firing being from the lat
ter point Of vanttSe
General Mas and family fled from
the city ye sterday afternoon. The of
iicer'ess troops scattered over the
central portion of the city and a large
number evacuated their position and
took to the sand hills lack in the in
terror, where they viii remain until
reenforcements arrive from Mexico
ity.
Two trains bearing American refu-
gees from Mexico City arrived this
morning.
WASHINGTON, d. C., April 22.-
The house this morning passed the
amended senate resolution after the
senate passed it at 1880. It was sub
mitted to the house at l0:16 and was
passed. twelve minutes later by rig.
ing vote.
The resolution justifes the presi-
dent in the employment of armed
forces of the United States to en-
force the demands on Victoriano Huer-
ia for unequivocal amen,;s TO the gov
ernment of the United Stotes for uf-
fronts and dignities committed against
this government by General Huerta
and his representatives.
WASHINGTON, d. L.. April 22--
Consul Canada telegraphed the pres
ident at 11:45 that over half of Vera
Cruz was in the possession Of Am
ericans Three thousand marines and
bluejackets in command of Lieuten-
ant Neville landed from the fleet at
daylight. Simultaneously the battle
ships Florida, Utah, Arkansas, New
Hampshire and South Carolina and
the gunboat Prairie lay in close, using
guns.
The consul said: Firing commenc-
ed from the Mexicans at daybreak
Our ships Immediately began shelling
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

VERA CRUZ, Mex, April 22.--
Three thoAsand marines stormed the
citys center, sweeping through the
streets and constantly firing rifles
and machine guns. The fleet dcmol-
ished the naval academy and arsenal.
Non-combatants were sheltered in a
depot during the fighting. The city
hall was seized and most of the off
cials fled.
During the fight the mayor confer
red with Consul Canada, under flag
of truce. Nothing was accomplished.
The Mexicans resisting are chiefly
poems, few of the upper class Mexi-
cans participating.
In. the battle the marines moved
steadily in perfect formation, to the
center of the city, where they divided
into small squads pursuing the sharp
shooters.
The additional American casualties
are unknown.
The city was shaken by the deafen-
ing roars of the fleets guns. Many
Mexicans were arrested.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
Relative Strength Of
Opposing Naval forces

OIHcers and men ..-.-.--..b, ,IUU b4,7S4
In addition the United States has
a naval militia of 1925 men.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

WASHINGTON, d. c., April 22.-
Secretary of State Bryan admitted the
marines had landed at Tampico.
The third division of the Atlantic
fleet, now in Boston, has been ordered
to sail for Tampico Saturday.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23
AMERICANS LOSE ONLY FOUR men WHILE MFX|COS
lNSHP[ACfD AT 15O--MANY M[X|CANS ARRESTED
RUM0RfD THAT 0'SHAUGHN[SSY HAS BEEN KILLED

the residence section. Large forces
of marines were landed from Admiral
Badgers fleet. The American force
began an attack at s o'clock, operat-
ing under the guns of the war ves-
sells"
According to the information of the
extended fan, the marines are sweep
ing forward, driving the Mexicans out
of the city.
The custom house caught fire dur
ing the fighting but the flames were
extinguished. 1t is unknown whether
additional Americans were slain.
Semi-weekly herald., 1914-04-23

WASHINGTON, D. c., April 22.--
At 80 this afternoon the White
House announced that the American
forces were in complete possession oil
Vera Cruz and apparently no foreign
crs or no more Americans had lost
their lives. Firing has ceased except
for occasional picket firing.
President Wilson signed the war
resolution at 2;09 this afternoon.
Secretary Bryan admitted that no
word Ind been received from Charge
de Affaires O'Shaughnessy since Mon
day. Numerous wild rumors are
afloat to the effect that O'Shaugh-
messy was assassinated in Mexico
City. The report is unconfrmed and
discredited.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-07-17

It does not afford means for securing the purity and quality of the materials to be used in the construction of the work. The city, for instance, can not claim under this contract the right to have it's stone mixed with asphalt, and there is no means whatever for insuring the quality and quantity of the material to be used
 A bituninous nnacadam pavement laid on old macadam must have a surface at least two inches thick after compression. These con- tracts provide for two inches when the material is 'sspEead, ?" instead of two inches after com pression.
 The contracts guarantee only. portion of the pavement which is to be laid, and specifi- cally except other portions from guarantee.
 Because to obtain control of the expendi- ture of S16O,OOO the mayor and council have re- sorted to the subterfuge of making appropri- ation forsthe repair of macadam, which means that the sums appropriated for legitimate and needed macadam repairs will be devoted to the construction of new pavement, and the. mac eadan streets will continue to fall into expensive disrepair.
 contracts should not be ratified What reasons have our contemporaries for suddenly conclud- ing they should be?
 It is scarcely answer to assert that The Farmer believes some politicians bad on Mon day, and is of the same opinion on the following Saturday.
 We have not the slightest jection that our Icontemporaries should express their views of The Farmer at any time, but we submit, that they ought also to give the reasons that have caused them to suddenly change their minds about the Warrenite paving contracts
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-07-17
THE FLIGHT OF HUERTA.

THE FLIGHT of Huerta is Justification of
 1 President Wilson's attitude toward Mexico. The president spoke the prophetic truth. The usurper has not been able long to maintain himself against the united opinion of the world. There is no permanent place. even in half savage Mexico, for the assassin in lofty office. Huerta is fleeing from the wrath of the Mexican people, who thunder at the gates of his palace with the cannon of justice and ven geance. He evidently intends to escape to some foreign land, perhaps with property wrung from the nation that would have no more of him. Most fortunate will he be if he escapes the wrath of the multitudes he has wronged
 Tn the meantime confusion has descended upon those jingo patriots, self-seeking dema- gogues and political partisans who have scourg- ed the chief magistrate with might and main because he refused to subject this country to the horrors of a lengthy war, and would not sacrifice the blood of American youth on the al- tars of reckless plutocracy.
 It is not outside the domain of possibility that war may unavoidably come. But there will be no war except the national honor imper- ahvely demand it, while President Wilson is at the helm
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-07-17
MAYOR ADVOCATES DOUBLE BIDS FOR SOME CONTRACTS
 AND NO BIDS FOR OTHERS

a N INCIDENT at the last meeting of the -EA Paving and Sewer Commission is wer- thy of more attention than it received. A firm of contractors, Gay11or & Lambert, had received a contract to pave Crescent avenue. Months after the contract had been awarded to them no steps had. been taken by the city to prepare the way SO that the contractors. could go to work. Finally, when q scandal was imminent, the delay, the necessary preparations were made. In the meantime the contractors, for reasons satisfactory to them, decided tossell the contract to another firm The contract was transferred to Burns & Co, who have done a great deal of work in Bridgeport and who are responsible.
 This was the situation at the meeting of sthe paving commission when Mayor Wilson suggested-ren remarkable to say-that he believed it would be better if the contracts let again
 You can get better results if you let this thing out to bid,' he said
 The mayor then knows the advantages of bidding, and must have been conscious of the peculiarity of his position with respect to the Warrenite contracts, which had been let with out bidding, which were in such shape he even then was pleading with the commission to rati- fy them.
 The lesson of these facts is obvious The. mayor believes in competition when he has no special interest in the kind of paving to be laid and he does not believe in competition when Warrenite is to be laid.
 It may be added that hls position with res pect to the Gaynor & Lambert contract is with out merit This contract had been let in com petition The price was competitive price, and the only principle involved was whether the original contractors should have a right to sublet the contract, right which is ordinarily conceded, so long the guarantees of the orig inal company remain unchanged and the other conditions of the contract may be carried out.
 Sooner or later there must be thorough investigation and house cleaning in the depart ment of public works. There is very much an appearance if business were being done un- der system of friendships and hatreds, instead of along the sound lines of public policy, which requires contracts to be submitted to cqmpeti- tion and awarded to the lowest responsible bid- lder.