The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-10

more advanced than the Aztecs. They
constructed wonderful buildings with
temples ana palaces ana great FORTH
cations. tho ruins of which shall de-
scribe later on.
Tho 1ncas know how to mine gold
and silver, and were skilifl in tho
smelling and refining of copper and
lead. They had copper tools. and they
were expert Eoldsmiths and silver
smiths. They took the wild liamas
and alpacas Of the pampas and tanned
thcm. They made the lamas their
beasts OF burden, and from the wool
OF the alpaca they wovc all sorts 81
garments and beautiful blankets.
They made hats and shoes, and were
skilled IN the dycing of fabrics.
These Incas. whose ancestors date
back almost to the time of Christs
birth, knew something Of astronomy.
They observed the cquinoXes and the
cclipscs of the moon ana the sun.
They had land system and we're
skilled In the building OF roads. They
knew something OF arithmetic and
made calculations by means OF knots
OF strings of different colors. They
had musical Instruments like some
that their descendants play upon to-
day. and il is said that they had songs
OF lovo-mnking. and even plays and a
drama.
The 1ncas cultivated first the valley
OF Cuzco, and from there spread their
farms out until they included a vast
part of the high Andes. They
swarmcd over the platenus. and to-day
You can see the terraces they made
not only hero and there, but all
through the wide valley that lies be-
tween these lofty mountains from
Ecuador far down into Peru. They
cultivated tens of thousands OF square
miles on the high mountain slopes.
that have since gone to waste, but
which are marked by the stone walls
they built 10 hold in the earth. 1t is
on the sito OF tho ancient capital OF
this nation that am writing this
letter.
Tho Cuzco Of to-day lie not moro
than onc-tcnth tho size II was when
Piznrro first saw It. 1t has now
about 10000 and II is moro like "a city
of old Spain built during the days OF
tai Of Atahualpa. the Inca king. The
town IS made OF one, two and three
story buildings OF stone or adobe COW
cred with plaster. II has roofs OF
light red tiles that sparkle under the
bluc sky and bright sun OF the Andes.
Its houses have walls Of bright colors;
they arc all close TO tho sidewalks.
with rough cobblcs The streets arc
not more than twenty or thirty feet
widc. and from above you soc nothing
but this terra Gotta cXpnsc of ridSed
roofs rising and falling with the
slopes OF tho city, and crossed here
nfark!nE the streets.
High above tho houses. however. and
NIL over tho city rise the domes and
spires OF the great churches and con-
vents built by the Spnniar7s. when
they had grown rich by cnslavinE the
Indians and taking the vast boards
Of silver and gold they found IN their
capital. Cuzco Inns church for every
thousand inhabintants, and Some of
them arc so magnificent that they
would attract attention I'm any coun-
try Of Europe Right IN the centre
of tho town Is Il beautiful plaza cut ont
q; what was one. the cliief central
square Of the Incas. Its area Is now
not moro than four or five acres: but
five churches face upon II. Including
tho Cathedral of Cuzco. which itself
covers several acres. That building
has church on one side and just
across the way is the great structure
Of j.o Conpania. which WAS built by
the lesuits IS their chief house of
worship Adjoining this building Is
lhc old Jesuit convent. q magnificent
structure. where the monks worked
ANA taught This was taken by the
government when It drove the Jesuits
out, and 81 has been turned into 4
university. Tho great patio about
which the holy fathers strollcd is now
used rs tennis court. and I saw tho
students there playing, driving the
bail over the net. when ! passed
through. Another great church Is La
Mciccd. whose interior is ono mass Of
On AtNr~
INNS, and ceiling of cedar In panels,
cHGuisitely done Here my guide was
%u'nS priest, whom | Photographed
IN Tho c!o!Stcrs And then there are
the church OF Santo Domingo. that
STANDS on The foundation OF the old
Temple Of the sum of the Incas, and
That Cf san Francisco, whose choir Is
n mass Of rich carving. The little
'hnpcl of san Rlas has the finest wood
pnirt known In tho world. II IS one
mass Of carving done by the descend
anus or the Incas, and IS so beautiful
That S25,o0o was recently offered for II.
=, Tho Cathedral OF Cuzco is perhaps
the richest OF alt the Catholic churches
on the south American continent. II
Is a vast museum of carvings plated
VIVA roid OF wonderful paintings
some % which We're made by the old
'''a-'I.' ana ui chapcls whose affairs
ar" t"iid silver, and whose woodwork
Is mated NTH gold. some OF the
paintings are forty feet high and
twenty feet wide and there Is n paint
ms or the Last supper that measures
ABOUT thirty by forty feet In size. Sew
eFal arc by Muriilo. one is by Vandyck
"ho several by Domenichino. Ono of
me affairs was presented by Charles
'" q! spain, and some of tho PAINTINGS
were given by Philip H.
went into the eacristy. This is a