The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-23

grace of surrender. Prince Jaime OF
Bourbon, the Carlist Pretender. who
served under the Muscovite flag in Man
churia. relates that after one OF the at
tempts 10 bottle up Port Arthur. when
he steamed out in a launch to rescue a
number Of japanese officers and men
who. were clinging to the rigging Of the
fireship sunk In the roadstead. they one
after another blew out their brains with
their revolvers or ripped open their
stomachs with their knives before
throwing themselves into the sea rather
than permit themselves to be taken
prisoners. In the graphic accounts,
moreover. published by the London
Times OF the sinking Of the japanese
transport Kushiu- Maru off the Corean
coast by the Nladivostok squadron in
this same war 1t is related how the
troops on board several hundred in
number. having refused to surrender
committed suicide while the vessel was
being torpedocd.
There Is only one case that I can re-
call Of defeated General who had
borne himself calamity and who had no
surrender whatsoever 20 his credit
being put TO death. namely. Gen. NaZim
Pasha. the commander in chief Of the
Turkish army. in the war OF the Balkan
allies upon Turkey three years ago He
used to he known as the Turkish
Kitchener by reason of his great
tenacity Of purpose and by his capacity
for organization. Appointed to the
command OF the Turkish forces, he ac-
complished wonders with the material
at his command. But when after the
rout OF his troops he returned to Con-
stantinople ne was shot down, indeed
murdered in cold blood. by Enver Pasha
and the latter's adherents. Enver Pasha
being now all powerful at Stambul as
Minister of War.
More fortunate was old Osman Pasha
GhaN the hero Of the defence Of Plevna
in the war Of 1877. when Plevna fell
Osman. who was badly wounded was
taken prisoner. But on his recovery he
was restored to liberty by the Russians,
on parole. and when he returned to
Constantinople was loaded with honors
by the Sultan. remaining until the end
OF his days the most influential and
trusted friend Of his sovereign and the
idol of the Turkish nation.
In the same way the Muscovite Gen
eral Todleben for his magnificent de-
ItfCe VI lHt wal
was overwhelmed with distinctions by
his sovereign. when after this strong
hold had become untenable he with
drew therefrom with his troops, he be-
ing badly wounded. To-day his name
IL remembered with gratitude by his
countrymen and with admiration abroad.
while the names of those victorious
Generals 10 whom he was obliged n
abandon the great fortress have been
forgotten. Indeed, who. save students
Of military history, remember them to
this day?
Marshal MaCMahon was repeatedly
defeated in the war OF 1870 and was
eventually taken prisoner by the Ger
mans. after being badly wounded. Yet
at the close of the war and on his re-
turn from captivity he was placed by
the nation in command of its military
forces and was subsequently elected by
the people to the Presidency OF the re-
public. dying full NJ years and honors
and mourned by all France.
Next TO Ulysses Grant the military
figure Of the American civil war that
looms mp more largely and which APP
peals more strongly than any other to
popular Imagination, both In this coun-
try and In Europe, Is that of Gen. Lee,
and the admiration entertained for him
II as warm to-day in the North as in
the South.
In the last war in South Africa the
defeated Boer Generals such as DE Wet,
Botha and Joubert may be said to have
carried of the honors, and their names
are likely to be remembered for longer
time in connection with that struggle
then those Of their victors not only In
South Africa but even In England. In
deed. Gen. Botha has been raised by
the SURFACES Of his fellow Beers and