Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1914-08-20
HOW ALLIANCES WfRt FORMED
Alignment of the Powers, Their Trcn-
ties, and Diplomacy which Es-
tnblishcd Them.

~ III view OF the TACT thdt lne pOSltlol VI
Italy threatens breakdown Of the old
relations of the triple alliance and
realignment of powers as result of the
struggle.
There are two definite and comparative
ly old-established alliances:
The triple alliance-Germany. Austria
Hungary and Italy:
The Dual alliance-Russia and France.
Reinforcing the latter Is the entente
more recent and less concrete, with Great
Britain, which acts in general diplomatic
sympathy with France and Russia in
European questions, but is not bound by
any written engagement to come to the
help of either in case OF war
The triple alliance had it's origin in the
diplomacy of Bismarck, Germany's great
chancellor, under whose policies German
unity was achieved. Bismarck hoped for
a 'Dreikaserbund," an alliance OF the
Emperors of Germany, Russia and Aus
trla. which could face the rest of Europe.
After some apparent announcement
however, Russia failed to come into the
alliance, the rumor being that her atti-
tude was due to the influence of Gort-
schakoff, then prime minister. who
wanted Russia's future Independent OF
Germany
THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE.
Bismarck at once turned to Austria
The triple alliance was originally a duel
alliance, the contracting parties being
Germany and Austria The treaty be-
tween these powers was signed in 1879,
and five years later Italy became a third
partner.
The text of the agreement as between
Germany and Austria remained secret
until 1855, when the German government.
with tho consent of Austria, published It
as warning to Russia
Briefly stated, the treaty provided that
If one of the two empires-German and
Austria-were attacked by Russia the
contracting parties were bound to assist
one another with the whole military pow
er of their empire. Should one of the al
lies be attacked by another power the
other ally was not to intervene, but to
preserve an attitude of friendly nell
trality. If, however, the aggressor should
be assisted by Russia in any shape or
FORM the two allies would at once make
common cause.
The terms Of the treaties between Aus
tria and Italy, and between Italy and
Germany have never been made public
but the general drift of them Is we'll
known. If France should attack Ger
many or Italy, the two latter powers are
pledged to act aginst her; If Russia at
| tacks either Germany or Austria both
are to make war upon Russia; and II Rus
| sia and France together attack any one
Of the three allies, they have to face the
|''''''''el a'''''eS Vi a'' ''e '''ree'
BISMARCK AND RUSSIA.
| Having thus placed effective barrier.
in the way of Russian aggression. Bis
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league The t,4nle alliance was rspsued
successfully in 1887, 1899, 1902. and again
In 1872 for further period of 70 years
and without any alteration
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