davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28

The first to advance a general the
ory was Barthelot, who, proceeding up
on the hypothesis of Daubree that the
interior of the earth contains free al
kali metals, ascertained by experiment
that when carbonic acid or an earthly
carbonate acts upon the alkali metals
at IA high temperature, acetylides are
formed, and that under the conditions
existing in the earth, these bodies,
when acted upon by water vapor, yield
hydrocarbons resembling those of
American petroleum, the exact compo-
sition OF the hydrocarbons varying
with the temperature. He therefore eX-
pressed the view, in 1866, that pc
troleum may have been produced by
the infitration of water containing
carbonic acid gas into the interior of
the earth, where it would be brought
into contact with the alkali metals at
an elevated temperature, and under
great pressure, with the production
of both liquid and gaseous petroeums
In 1892 Maquenne describ-
ed Il method of preparing barium car
bide, and showed that this substance
evolved acetylene on treatment with
hydroXylated compounds In 1893
Travers prepared calcium carbide, and
showed that this substance evolved
acetylene on treatment with hydroXy-
lated compounds. In 1898 Travers pre-
pared calcium carbide by heating the
chloride and charcoal with sodium, and
from this he also produced acetylene.
Meanwhile Wilson obtained calcium
carbide from a mixture of lime and
carbon in an electric furnace, and laid
the foundation of the present acetylene
industry These results are of interest
in connection with the question OF
the origin of petroleum, but further
! light has been thrown on the subject
by the researches of Moissan, who has
found that certain of the carbides
Weld LIQUID hydrocarbons on treat
ment with water. In paper publish
ed in the Journal of the American
Chemical Society in 1899, j. A. Math-
ews has given the following classifi-
cation of the reactions of the decom-
positions of carbides:
The carbides of lithium, sodium,
potassium. calcium, barium, and stron-
tium are decomposed by water, giving
mostly acetylene.
2 Silver, copper, mercury and
gold CD acetylides are acted on by
hydrochloric acid, giving acetylene.
Alminum and beryllium carbides
react with water, yielding methene.
4 Manganese carbide with water
gives methane and hydrogen.
The carbiles of yttrium( lanthan-
um, and thorium are decomposed by
water, giving mixtures of acetylene,
ethylene, methane and hydrogen.
Lanthanum, cerium, and uranium
carbides give with water, besides the
volatile products, a residue Of liquids
and solid hydrocarbons.
1t will thus be seen that several o.
the carbides. including that of man
yanese, yield methan (CHD, the low
est member of the paraffins present j.
pennsylvania petroleum, and tha
some actually yield liquid and soli
vdrocarbons.
In 1871 Byasson suggested that p
.roleum might have resulted from tn
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28

Crawford is in every way qualified
for the office, both by natural ability
and education with a character for
uprightness and honesty second TO
none. and withal democrat OF the
purest ray serene, and we that have
the opportunity Of knowing him best
should rally to mis- standard and assist
in landing MIN 20 the office he seeks y
Since Editor Harrison, who has a
personal acquaintance with Mr. Craw.
ford, endorses him unqualitiedly-
certainly the voters can safely en-
dorse him with their ballot at the
primary. He is worthy, and will ap-
preciate your support.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28

speaking of the common origin OF
these substances says: "lf a line were
to be drawn anywhere in the series,
it would be between gas and oil. The
former. as we know, originates under
many conditions in which petroleum
does not occur; but on the other side,
petroleum is never found free from
intlamable gas, and in large way all
the facts and occurrences of both so
exactly correspond that it is impossible
to separate them to the origin. In
referring to the wide dissemination of
petroleum, Orton says: 6" We
need to bear in mind that the various
members of the bituminous series are
abundantly and almost universally dis
tributed among the unaltered sedi-
mentary rocks of the earth's crust.
The valuable acumulations of these
substances are rare, it is true, but
one can scarcely go amiss of petrole-
um, asphalt, or gas, at least in small
quantities, among the stratified rocks
that retain their original structure.
In particular the rocks of the entire
Ohio valley can be said to be charged
with petroleum A well cannot be drill
ed at any point In the valley for even
few hundred feet, in which careful
examination will not reveal the pres
ence of some representative OF this
bituminous series. The aggregate of
this disseminated petroleum is often
found to be very large. A fifth of one
per cent of petroleum if distributed
through 1000 feet of rock, would make
total to the acre or square mile far
beyond any production that has ever
been realized from the richest oil
field, and percentages of this amount
are not only hard to find, but even
hard to miss.
1T is a popular impression that oil
and gas are unusual substances in
nature. The object of this paragraph
is to show that this impression is en-,
tirely unfounded and that we must
free our minds from it if we would
consider in proper light the question
as to the origin of rock oil"
Inorganic Origin
The theories which ascribe an inor-
ganic origin to petroleum are consid-
cred inadmissible by geologists and
others acquainted with the conditions
under which the many widely differ
ing descriptions of the product are
met with. Prior to the formulation of
definite theory of an inorganic or
igin for petroleum, Brunei, in note
to the Geological Society of France,
suggested as a possible method of for
nation of asphalt, the action of nitrous
and sulphurous volcanic gases on the
terebinthine of the conifers, which
view he supported by experimental
evidence. 1t may be mentioned that he
was led to this conclusion during a
study of mud-volcanos, which he, in
common with other early observers,
regarded as true volcanic phenomena
Twenty years later, Riviere finding
that gas leaking from the mains con
densed, in the surrounding soil ane
buries vegetation, into liquid hydro
rarbons, suggested that in the SAM
way gaseous hydrocarbons of igneou'
origin condensed in rocks and in DE-
1osits of ancient vegetation, formin
the bitumen of both.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28
HEALDTON LEASE SOLD

The Dundee Oil Co. purchased a
lease on 20 acres in section 6-43. in
the Healdton, Okla, pool, from the
Coline Oil Co., paying for the same
$50, ,0O0.-Oil and Gas Journal.
A street car runs twice as fast
when you are trying to catch it as
If does after you have caught it.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28

parts of the state to make large
profits by investing in such prop
erty as he recommended in the Car
ter county field.
Mr.. Graham believes that the Car
ter county field will be equal to if
not greater than any oil field in the
state.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-06-28

rocks and other manifestations of vol
canic activity and petroleum.
The first of these objections to the
organic theory has, it may be said,
been altogether removed by further
investigation, as even in the very oil
fields on the phenomena of which
the argument was based, evidence of
abundant organic life has since been
qualified to give rise to petroleum.
The second arises out of insufficient
knowledge of the organic theories, for
as will be seen, so far from the sup
porters to these pointing to land vege-
tation as the sole source of oil, the
number of authors arguing for such
an origin at all is now small frac-
ton of the whole. II should be remem-
bered, however, that the early writ
ers on both sides often failed to dis
tinguish adequately between carbona-
ceous substances exhibiting traces of
vegetable structure, such as coal and
Ignite and those which are now by
general consent, considered as deriva-
tives or allies of petroleum.
Thought petroleum does occur in
geater or less quantities in rocks of
all geological ages, it may be said that
its quantity is far greater in rocks
deposited under such conditions as
would insure the entombment of large
quantities of organic material, and
where the conditions of a particular
period were throughout the world un-
favorable to the existence of abund-
ant life, that division of the geological
record is nearly or entirely barren OF
petroleum.
Finally, it is now known that the
mud volcanoes so frequently accom-
panying petroleum are not of igneous
origin, and that in fact to volcanic
energy is seldom manifested in petro-
liferous regious while a number of
occurrences of petroleum in igneous
rocks bears only a small proportion
to the number of such occurrences
in sedimentary deposits, far from any
known mass or outcrop of igneous
rock.
Against the theory as a whole may
be urged the difficulty of understand
ing how the petroleum of such de-
posits as those OF the United States
and Baku lin fact the majority of
geologically known oil fields of the
world could have reached its pres
ent position if derived in any way
from the central magma of the earth,
while it is also difficult to reconcile
with the inorganic theory the fact
OF the extreme rarity OF petroleum in
the oldest solid rock of the earths
crust and in any such igneous masses
as are precluded by their mode of
occurrence from containing oil derived
from surrounding sedimentaries. 1t
may be added that, as emphasized by
Phillips, natural gas contains only a
small proportion of hydrogen, where
as the synthesized gases of the ig-
neous theorists contain very large pro-
portions of that element, and no ade-
quate hypothesis has yet been ad-
vanced to account for its elimination.
It must, however, be admitted, that
in some cases hydrocarbons are found
in nature where only an inorganic or
igin will account for their presence.
but these instances are in general of
purely academic inference and do not
help to remove the difficulties in the
way of those who would attribute an
inorganic origin to petroleum gener.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
sOCIETY
Snrnriise Birthday. party...

- ~ =
Mr.. and Mrs. Eidrfdge Carter en-
tertained number OF young people
al 9 surprise biz hdas party in honor
of the E2lst birthday OF their son,
Glenn. at their home near this city.
The evening was spent in games att
ier which adelicioustcourse OF refresh
ments were served. AT a late hour
Me guests returned TO their homes
Wishing the honored one many more
happy birthdays. aa
L Those present were: jeanette Mo-
ran. Anna Mortified. Ruth Merri-i
field. Elsie Rees. Lura West, Ethel
Moran. Julia swisher, Alta NJ. Gray.
Grace Hill, Edna Devauit, Liska
Brown, Rebecca Keener, Naomi,
Haney. Ruth Keener, Laura Ham,
Minnie Morgan, sallie Cleiland.
Florence Bunner. Mrs. Morris Brown.
Enid. Brown, penzil Haney. Glenn
Carter. Hugh Meredith, Herscheli
HIN, Lloyd Brown. Russell Meredith.
Earl Phillips, Carl Dawson. Happy
Google. William Bunner, Lonnie De-
Vault, Fay Kirk, Gordon Haney,
George Jones. Archie Meredith; j. c.
Morgan, ]. II. Mortified, Morris
Brown. Loman Bupner, Fay Brown,
Lee Campbell. Allen Carter, Carl
Carter.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
PREACHED IS MEN.
TALLY UNBALANCED.
pr ASSOCIATED PREss.i

Pr Associated PREss.i
CLEVELAND, Ohio, March s1.L
Rev. Miles NJ. Sweeney, former pastor
Of St. James church. sewickiey. Pa,
who asked for police protection here
early Sunday morning after an. exam
nation today was sent by probate to
the Trapplst Monastry at Gethfe-
name. KY. in company with q deputy
sheriff. Probate Judge Hayden, who
found out that Sweeney was en- route
TO Getfsemane from Pittsburgh when
he stopped here. Them an is not
insane" said the court. t.He seems
TO be slightly unbalanced from worry
over the development. Of the past
week and Will receive medical. care
and rest which he needs at Gesustl,itl.
So sit Is best he should continue his
journey there
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
Blaekhanders
Are Arrested
cARv1Lo FRoyTI RECEIVES 1E LET.
TIERS FROM DAN DEMARCO
AND GRACI0 LABBRAZI.

What may develop into serious
blackliand case was brought to light
yesterday when Constable Riggs
went to Pennington and arrested
Grazio Labbrazi, foreign woman.
and also Dan Memarco. charged with
being an aecqmplice Of the Labrazzi
woman.
The warrant for their arrest was
issued by Justice Fleming and on in
formation Of Caryilo Froyti. also liv-
ing in Harrington.
1t Is alleged that the accused par
tiss have been writing black hand
letters TO Eroyti threatening to kill
him. These letters have been turned
eyer to the government and a strict
investigation will be made into their
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
For Bride Elect.

Mrs. Alexander Riheldafrer will
entertain number of young ladies
informally on Wednesday afternoon
honoring her sister. Miss Mary Hall
whose marriage with William Lock-
ridge of Brownsville, Pa. will be
solemnized in the very near future.
On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Fred
Helmick will entertain at luncheon
in honor of Miss Hall who is one Of
the most popular members of the
younger society set. Mr.. Lockridgc
is also well known in the city, hav-
ing been employed here for a num-
Der of years. The marriage is Of UNI
usual interest to wide circle of
friends. The marriage. will be solem-
nized very quietly.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
THE SMART SET


The acme Of perfection In the way
OF fun. hilarity, frolic, song and hum
or seems to have been reached in the
new offering "'rhe Wrong Mr.. Presi-
dent" which comes to the Grand
next week. The piece, which is de-
scribed as a musical comedy in three
acts is the work of Salem Tut
Whitney and 4. l.. Corwell, a COM
poser of ability. Supported by the
famous Smart Set" Company, an
organization of capable c6lored
artists, Mr.. Whitney will assume the
leading role, that of a negro of un-
certain and unknown origin who
poses AS the President of South
American Republic. The situations
are said to be many and varied and
the fun OF the subtle. unctuous
brand. The production besides con-
tanning forty players. will also have
the services of Homer Tut and
Blanche Thompson, a prima donna
OF unusual skill.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
SPGRSONAI,Sz
~ PEOPLE ~
as THEY ca

Mrs. Harry Hood and family, OF
clarksburg. are the guests of rela-
tiyes in the city.
+. T. Martin, who is improving
from a severe illness. is able to sit lin
again.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. H. Randolph and
family. of Maple avenue, are moving
to East Park.
Mrs. J. T. snider and Mrs. Mar
garet 'sturms.i have returned frolu
Morgantown where they had been the
guests Of the formers daughter, Mrs.
W. +. Glasscock. -
~ DR.. and Mrs. A. L. Peters. OF Og-
den avenue. are moving this week
to their new residence in Locust ave.
mite recently purchased from NJ. L.
Bartlett. q
Rev. Henry Morgan attended the
funeral of Mrs. Chariot Coombs in
Morgantown yesterday
Mrs. ]. W. Google spent the past
week at Norwood at the bedside Of
her brother. Hayes Morgan, whose
death occurred on Saturday.
R. S. Monroe left last night for
Winchester, Va, where he was called
by the death of his niece. Miss Mary
Monroe.
Miss Katherine Deegan, of Detroit,
Mich. who is here on visit to her
parents. MIR. and Mrs. 7. J. Deegan,
In Maple avenue, is quite III with
rheumatism Of the throat.
Miss Harriet krausc, OF Frost
burg, Mr.. will arrive here tomorrow
10 be the guest of Miss Eva Barnes.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
For Mr.. Nutter.

Honoring the birthday annivers-
airy OF her husband, Mr.. Treyey Nut
ter. Mrs. Nutter was hostess to a
number of friends last evening at
their home on Chicago street. The
guests assembled at the home OF Mr..
Minor Durham and surprised the
honor guest. The guests were de-
lightfully entertained and delicious
refreshments were served.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
.G9,Qgo!t2
@||iRzzAlH
character.

character.
There are a great many rnmors
afloat among the Italians OF the
neighbcrhood concerning the work.
ings of black hand gang in the vi
cinity OF Pennington and these will
clso be thoroughly Investigated.
The woman and Denarco were
both released on bond to appear be-
fore the Justice tomorrow and then
the case will be sifted to the bottom.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31

The Mononga69 Ella ValleYiT TRACTION
company will runispecia Tears to Fair
view. Manningtonf and Worthfngton
after the performances o. Men
0'Brien's Ministries Sat,irdaySnfelft
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
Woman's Club Board:

Woman3S Cub Board, NJ
The executive board Of the Wo.
mans club will meet on Wednesday
afternoon at $3.50 o'clock at the home
of Mrs. John H. Hough in Barney
street. This wifi be the last board
meeting for the present year and a
large attendance Is urged
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
With Mrs. Johns

Mrs. Ralph Johns viii entertain
the Young Married Woman's club on
Wednesday afternoon at her home In
Virginia avenue.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
AUTO-PIANO.

This wonderful instrument Is con.
coded by experts. to be one OF the best
Player Pianos in the world. It is
used on our war vessels and recon-
mended by our navy. 1T makes mu-
sicians OF the entire family, and you
certainly would enjoy the sweet
strains of music derived from It. We
have opened one sof these pianos and
placed In our window for inspection
take peep at 1t. Then step inside
and and learn how easily you can own
che % :
DO IT. TODAY.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
Moving to New Home

Mr.. and Mrs. g. E. HUTCHINSON ana
family, who have been residing on
Jefferson street for the past year. are
moving to their handsome residence
in Morgantowp avenue.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
In City.

Miss Ruth Miller. who attends the
Pittsburgh Woman's College, is home
to spend the Spring vacation with
her parents, Mr.: and Mrs. George E.
Miller in .Fairmont avenue.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-03-31
Mothers Club.

The Mothers club will meet tomor-
row afternoon at $3.50 o'clock at tile
home of Mrs. T. I. Brett on Benoni
avenue. The topic for discussion is
Foods"
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1914-06-20

unfavorable results, that is dangerous
results. Those who followed him
used repeated doses of morphine and
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES excessively
large doses, with the result that there
were serious consequences, particular.
ly the death of the infant. In 1907
a special technic was elaborated by
Gauss in the clinic of Kronig at Fret.
burg in Baden. The technic of Gauss
is substantially as follows: The OBJ.
ject aimed at is to make the parturi.
ent woman forget her pains, although
she may be conscious of them at the
time; the condition known as "twi.
light slumber" is produced. In order
to test the mental condition Of the
patient, she is shown some object
and after an interval of about half
an hour, this object is again called
to her attention. If she remembers
having seen it before, she is not
sufficiently amnesic, and an add.
tional dose of scopolamin is given
1t should be remembered that the
method of Gauss is not correctly re.
presented by the frequent recon.
mendations to use scopolamin-
morphine for the relief of pain in
labor. Let it be emphasized that but
a single dose of morphine be used.
In this way the frightful mortality
that occurs in infants from morphine
injections is largely eliminated.
Scopolamin also has it's own dang
ers. Small doses sometimes produce
very serious results. There may be
great disturbances of the nervous
system, or the heart and lungs. 1t
is impossible to predict when these
may follow it's administration and
they cannot be guarded against.
The impression gained from a re-
view Of the literature is that the pres.
ent method Of obstetric anesthesia by
scopolamin and morphine is not safe
for the child, and is not always safe
or successful for the mother. The
time may come when the hope ex-
pressed in 1911 by Lequeux may be
fulfilled that further clinical investi.
cations cautiously conducted will Sc
cure harmless agent which will less
en-, or abolish altogether the pain Of
maternity; but that time has not yet
arrived.
Thanking you very cordially for
your time and space, beg to remain,
Yours very sincerely,
PHYSICIAN"
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1914-06-20
Ddath Of Mrs. Rosa Migeot..

Mrs. Rosa Migeot died at her
home in Franklin on Tueeday
morning last She WAS born in
Germany, but in the days of her
early womanhood she adopted
THE country as her home. Here
she was married, and raised a
family of worthy children who
survive hsr, Messrs John, Charles
and Henry Migeot. and Mrs. VIM.
Schwan. all Of this parish. Hers
was beautiful life. Kind, gentle,
pure, faithful she lived, devoting
herself to the welfare of her chill.
dren and walking in the footsteps.
of the Master with reverent love
and worship, until ae the ripe old
age OF seventy-six years che
peacefully passed through the
shadows Of death which curtains
earth from Heaven. Such as she
vas Ia the mind of Christ when
be said: beloved are the pure
10 heart, Tor they shall see God"
She was devous Roman Catholic.
Her funeral was largely attended
BY friends of every creed and
station in life, for all who knew
ler had q kindly feeling for Mrs.
Rosa Migeot. The Banner ex.
ends lite truest sympathy to her
chtldfen In their sorrow and loss.
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1914-06-20
STATE OF LOUISIANA.
23rd Judicial District Court-Par.
ish of St. Mary.
Union Bank vs.. Willard Ditch,
No. 1910.

By virtue of an order of seizure and
sale issued out of the Honorable 23rd
judicial District Court in and for the
Parish of St. Mary, State of Louisiana,
and to me directed, in the above num-
bered and entitled suit, I have seized
and will offer for sale for cash, without
appraisement, to, the last and highest
bidder, at the front door of the Court
House in the Town of Franklin, Parish
of st. Mary, Louisiana, on
SATURDAY, THE nth DAY OF
JULY, 1914,
between the hours of II O'Clock a. m,
and O clock p. NJ, the following des-
cribed property, wit:
Those certain lots of ground, lying
and being situated in the Ditch's an
mex tc the Town of Morgan City, La,
known, designated and described as lots
One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six
Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven,
Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen. Fifteen,
Sixteen, Seventeen and Eighteen in
square Forty-Two Il, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Z, 8,
9, 10, IL, II. Is, IA, Is, 16, II, Is,
Square 42) together with all the build
ings and improvements thereon which
may be hereafter erected, and all the
rights, ways, and servitudes thereto
belonging or appertaining.
W. T. PETERMAN, Sheriff.
Sheriff's Office, Parish of st. Mary, L..
Nav 26. 1914