The farmer and mechanic., 1914-11-24

AHiohs tae Tes- it Is lmposSi BILE In
clear the land as we do. on account OF
the trouble in getting rid Of the
stunps- Some OF the farmers are
now importing stump pullers from
the United States. and no, a few are
using dynamite. Ringing and burn
ing the trees leaves a great deal OF
dead timber. and the cultivation can
not be well done until the dead trees
are out by the roots
After the land is cleared il looks
nothing like similar lard in the
United States. The fences are OF
barbed wire. but there are no large
itelds In clean cultivation and f:-ae
tarnS and houses as in the United
states. The most Of the buildings are
log cabins Of one story, rooted with
straw or slabs They are put UP in
rude way. and bat few Of them have
gardens or flowers. There are some
good homes owned by tn. Germans.
but the native Chilenos live but little
better than savages. They seem to
be camping out rather than settling
down TO build up country
The most Of the new land is de
voted To wheat. This il the chief
cereal Of Chile, the country produc-
| ing something like 100000 bushels
| per year. Some cattle are raised, but
I
ragged and lean. and heir meat is
chiefly used for making charque. or
| dried beef. In the central valley
the animals are much better, and here
and there you find Herefords and
| Durhams.
! The heavy work pf the farms. both
north and south. Is done by oxen, the
team being increased according To the
character Of the labor. \ half dozen
yokes Of oxen may be used in haulin-
out timber, and il takes q long team
to drag the wheat on carts over tne
mud roads TO the stations. The Xcf
are yoled by the horns. and they
push rather than pull. The yoke i.
| fastened to the tongue of khf. -: TT
and by pushing against the yol" q
the cart is forced onward. The ami
ais in frcnt of the first yoke Nl.:.si
pushes the tongue, have ru!..-S reach
ing from their yokes to the cart. III.
| method OF working seeEns cruel II
though the natives claim il IS not
. When yokej up the oxen cannot Titv
their heads from, side to side, an:
they are driven with loIs loads
which end is sharp spikes. ia
! goads are often SO ma1ciIe SSly -.
, that the blood runs down the s,i.zs @
the beasts.
: The cultivation OF the farms her
e is now largely done with America
4 | machinery. see American vino
t mills and American plows and reaper
S and thrashers almost everywher,
The wire for the fences is furnishe
q by our steel trust and there
q scarcely farm that is not now usi.s
S more or less tools imported from tt
n United States
g AT the same time the Old method
h move along side by side with TT
~
e thrashed out by mares on thrashir
4 floors. In this process the ground
/ pounded hard. and the sheaves
It wheat are cut open and spread ovs
e it. Then a drove of mares is drive
o around and around to tread out tt
a grain. The winnowing is done
h throwing the straw into the all. ar
le the bagging is by hand. Adjoining
IS farm where this may be seer, VI
II may find an American tnresher. al
ar the wheat may be cut, thrashed, al
n bagged in the fields.
in Chile has no elevator system. A
e. ter thrashing all grain is taken
once to the railroads and shipped.
is put up in sacks of 200 pounds al
al loaded on fiat cars There are b
III few warehouses. At some of the ST
r tons the grain in sacks is piled up
n the open, being covered with ca
nc vass.
Iy have been asked to write SON
+ thing for Americans who wish
it come to this region to settle.
to seems to me that the opportunit
ur are poor, and they can do better
a home. The government would Ii
e. colonists, and on the frontier fl
lands may be had to the extent
of l23 acres for each head Of a fam;
nd and seventy-four acres for each s
he who is of age. Contracts have Be
en- made With foreign colonists by VIII
so their steamship passages from /
d. rope 10 Chile were advanced, and Z
is railroad transportation given to
ga place of settlement. In some ca
-ry the government has given each IA
en- lily yoke Of oxen. $50 boards
gh | the building Of hut, and soTneth
on like fifty pounds Of nails for fasten
ere the boards into place. This has b,
nd on the condition that the coionist
W tabliSh himself at once on the Ia
me given him. and that he work
ere steadily for at least six years.