davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06
INDIANAPOLIS LIVE
STOCK

INDIANAPOLIS, March 6-Hogs-
Receipts 5000; Market 10615c high
er; Tops $3.50. bulk Of sales $S75.
Cattle - Receipts 1850; Choice
Steers sS.O0@sS.75; Other grades Sc
$3.50
Sheep and Lamps-Receipts 400;
Market steady and strong; Prime
Sheep 1926; Lambs $6.OOm$775.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06
MARKET
LIVE STOCK

LIVE STOCK
Corrected daily by Anton Stole.
phone 1870.
HOGS.
Primes average 200 lbs.) per 100
lbs, $8.75; heavy mixed, per 100 lbs
1925; roughs, per 100 lbs, 81 q 1915.
Choice steers, per lb.. &c to TIC;
butcher steers, per h., 7c; cows, per
h., &c to &c; bulls, per ID. SIC to &c;
choice veal calves. per h., 10c.
GRAIN MARKET
corrected daily by Richmond Roller
Mills. phone 2o1s).
wheat, per pu csc
Oats, per bu. .................. 4Oc
New Corn, per bu. ..............6 Goo
Rye, per Blu. .55c
bian, per ton :................$2 o. w
Middlings. per ton 1928. 90
PRODUCE
corrected daily by Ed. Cooper.
phone 2577.,
Old Hens Give weight) per Id. -. lac
Old Chickens, dressed per lb 15c to zoe
Young Chickens, dressed, lb. 1Sc to zoe
Country Eggs. per doz. ......... Csc
Country Butter. per ID. -. 20 to 25c
WAGON MARKET
corrected daily by Omer Whelan.
phone 1879.
Oats, per blu. CSC
New Corn, per Blu. ............6 &C
Timothy Hay, per ton .... $15 to SIG
Sio'el nay ............. $l4.OO
Rye Stray $500
COAL.
Corrected by H. c. Bullerdick & SOM
Phone 1885.
Anthracite nut ..............$S $3.50
Anthracite stove and egg 1886
Jackson NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. .$5.75
Pocahontas lump .-........ $5.75
Mine run $4.75
Indiana 81 90
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06
Corrected by H. c. Bullerdick & 81
Phone 1885.

Considerably more than four hun
dred million people owe allegiance to
to the British crown.
8ORAPo
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06
LATE MARKET NEWS

Furnished by Correli and Thompson,
l. o. q. r. Bldg. Phone 1446.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06

INDIANAPOLIS GRAIN
INDIANAPOLIS. March e.-Wheat,
Cash No. red 971ac; Corn. Cash No.
white 65Ac; Oats, Cash No 2
white 41Ac.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1914-03-06

Conkey Drug Company.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

the tip and proceeds downward. rarely
involving more than half OF the ear.
In both forms badly disc ased ears are
tightly clasped by the dry. brittle
husks except in cases where infection
by Diplodia takes place In the base
Of the ears too late in the season for
the entire ear to become involved
Many Of the diseased ears on account
of their lghtness in weight remain
upright.
The diseased ears shrivel up moro
or less. become darker in color and
lighter in weight. The kernels are
are loosely attached to the more or
less rotten cob. The silk is moldy
and adheres by the mass of fungus
threads to the inner husks ana corn.
The fungus penetrates all parts OF
the ear. sometimes extending into
and badly injuring the shank.
The F'usa1ium diseases I and III
produce many different effects on the
ears and are commonly not detected
in the field until the husks are re-
moved Fusarium I attacks only those
husks which come into contact with
the diseased surface Of the ear. Fu-
sarium III attacks the ends of scat
tered individual grains, causing them
to crack open and the starchy con-
tents to become crumb bly,.
The premature following Of tho
husks or plants otherwise healthy is
an indication that a diseased condi-
ton exists.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
By 7. W. CIRCUIT, st. Louis Poultry. Assn.

There Is no subject moro discussed
matter Of fact. the universal notion
that there's money in chickens has
endured through all the ages simply
because it has a solid foundation In
truth. The hen has no special fac
ulties for fooling all the people all
the time. Her popularity has in
creased with the years because with
other things combined to make living
hard, her merry cackle and often her
expiring gasp has sounded the note Of
relief.
The person doubtful of whether or
not q dozen hens in the back yard
can be made to pay will do well to
question:
Why are so many in the business?
The answer will readily appear in
the form Of dollars and cents. Tho
average table waste will keep fam
lily Of six, in fresh eggs every day
in the year. That you throw enough
perfectly good food into the garbage
can every day, to pay 80 per cent Of
the keeping Of dozen hens, is fact.
And you pay fancy prices for fresh
or near-f-esh, eggs merely because
you are paying for fresh eggs out Of
season. and that while some Of the
strictly fresh for which you pay were
recent times, many would prove an
alibi If challenged.
The cost of living is high. and moth
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

in the stage between the egg and the
growth Of the wings. such as are seen
wriggling in the rain barrel.
The only successful way OF getting
rid Of mosquitoes iB. in destroying
their breeding places, many Of which
are as follows: Empty bottles and
cans in yards, UNFRAMED and stagnant
pools of water which contain Water
more than ten days (the average
breeding cycle Of the mosquito). the
open or imperfectly covered rain bar-
rels or cisterns. When one is both
cred with mosquitoes It is evidence
that their breeding place is within the
distance Of block. To get rid OF all
breeding places. then, is Of supreme
Importance for health and comfort.
All low places should be drained. II
the rain barrel cannot be mosQufeo-
proof, top coating of oil will not
hurt the water for domestic purposes,
and this will destroy the mosquitoes.
Crude oil poured on the surface Of
water cuts OF the air from the breed
Ing insects and thus kills them. Use
in proportion Of ono quar-. to plat
Of twenty feet square. Mosquitoes
are g menace to health az we'll as
comfort. Don't let them breed on
your premises.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

Of April to the latter part .of June.
An acre Of cucumhers produces from
100 to 800 baskets, Departing upon
the climatic conditfouss and Tho prSva-
lence of diseases. A haskot holds
about three-quarters Of q bushel, or
about 100 to 10 fancy cucumbers.
The cost of production is estimated
at about so an acre. including pick
ing and packing.
Tho most important cucumber
troubles are blight, hactetia1srot. root
knot, and aphidA The two dfseases
which cause the heaS4eyt losses every
year ere blight and bacterial rot at
the frult. Not only ere the mature
c,,ca.mberx Affected, but also the
vines. Tho dasesse f1rst mahes it,
appeapauoe ION the leaves - dark
wstery spnls. An eaamsnafion OF
these spots early In the morning re-
veds the presence Of watesy sub
stance hanging ON the under side OF
faae leaf beneath the spot Lister In
the day this substance eyapofatss,
and there remains a white, ohaik-ike
residsse As the disease progresses.
thAes spots dry out and become brown
ana then the tissues become brittle
and fall away, making hole IN the
leaf. The spots range from cone
easf1th to q fourth Of an inch in dia-
meter. A badly affected leaf has
rotten. torn and ragged appearance.
The injection makes its appearance
an the fruit as small watery spot
The cuticle becomes ra1ptured ana q
sunny liquid exudes. This exudaae
euaporates and the residue gives the
snot q white appearance. Tho In
lection does not spread Materially on
the surface, but goes toward the
cantre OF the cucumber. Where, III
progress Is rapid. the inferdor OF inc
e,,c,,mber becomes.a soft swa1sry MAS
In a few days..
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

Ing In political or economic conditions
indicates relief. You pay big prices
for food and a big tribute to the
garbage can. Whatever spare ground
you have costs you high rental and
yields you little but envy of the land
lord or tax collector.
Your problem is to lower the cost
of living, without lowering the stan
dard, and to make the vacant lot or
back yard yield something in return.
How are you going to do 1t? The
purpose of this article Is to help you
solve the problem and give you a
workable tested plan for making a
few hens the solution.
Take a space 10 feet wide and 80
feet in length secure an upright piano
box, Get it up about IL inches from
the ground; then take out the back
and inside oleats. put two posts
Of 2x4 seven feet out from the back. in
line with the sides Of the box run
two pieces of 2x4 from the top Of the
back Of the box to the posts In front;
take the back that was taken out and
put 1t on top, which will form almost
all the roof. Put door in either side,
board up the sides tight and stretch
piece Of 1-inch wire mesh across the
front: cover the roof with any good
composition paper: paint the balance
OF the outside: set roost In the
back Of the box and you have very
good utility poultry house at very lit
tie expense that will comfortably
house a dozen hens. For nest hnd
that an ordinary orange box with, the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

ouuiS pear, showing maSgOts INSIDE.
at the time the petals fail. and they
soon work their way into the young
fruit. The infested pears can nearly
always be detected on account Of
their more globular. and later lop-
sided shape, while the normal-shaped
fruits are free from maggots. The
infested pears usually crack open
after rain before the pears drop.
When fully grown the maggots are
about one-eighth Of an inch In length.
They grow into the ground and form
minute oval cells In which they
pupate and from which the adults
emerge the following spring. There IL
one brood each.
No remedial treatment Is positively
known other than gathering and de-
stToying the infested pears before the
n1aggots leave them. This "a COM
paratively simple because the infested
pears are so easily distinguished from
the healthy fruit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
PRESERVATION OF BARNARD
MANURE.

y Professor r. Fl. King, In his book
Farmers of Forty Centuries" de-
scribes the methods used By the Chi
nese. Koreans. and Japanese In COL
lectinS and preserving precious ma
nure. both solid and liquid, also the
systems Of composing used. In China
tho manure Is placed IN glazed terra
Gotta urns, some having capacity
Of 1000 pounds. In Japan cement
lined pits arc used. the liquid excre-
mont a. we'll a. tho solid being care
fully preserved. In China the COM
post piles are carefully plastered with
layer of earth mortar,
Tho results OF the latest scientific
Investigations do not give liz any
bottar method than that prnoticed by
the Chinese for centuries,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF HOGS
Many Necessary and Raisers But
Do Provide For the Stock
Quarters Clean Water and Clean Food
BY e. NJ. RANCK.

to the sides and in that way crush
the young pigs in the nest.
These colony houses can also be
used for the boars and growing pigs,
although some prefer permanent
quarters for the boar and those pigs
intended for the market. 1t is a great
advantage to feed hogs on concrete
or tight board floors, especially II one
is feeding ear corn, as there will be
no waste. Feeding in muddy or dusty
lots is very dangerous practice.
It sometimes becomes necessary to
feed pigs separate from the sows,
even when nursing. This can be done
by building near the colony house
temporary fence which will allow the
little pigs to get In. but will keep out
the old hogs. II this plan is adopted
the pigs will practically wean them
themselves or to the SOW. We prefer
feeding the small pigs and In fact all
our hogs in either iron or concrete
troughs, with round bottoms "
shaped troughs can also be used.
Fences play very important part
in hog raising. A poor fence will
produce a breachy hog as quickly as
it will fence breaking COW. We
prefer any strong close woven-wire
fence at least IS inches high for the
outside fence. In smaller lots either
woven wire or wooden fences tenn
porarily placed will be cheaper and
can be used number Of times. Tenn
porary fences need not be over three
feet high and should be so constructed
that they can be carefully stored
when not in USE Woven-wir used
as temporary fence is very difficult
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

To be a successful hog raiser one
must keep his stock under the very
best environment possible. Do not
think any old thing or place is good
enough for a hog. He should have
access to good clean water to drink
at all times, and not stale pond water
or mud wallows. Clean, pure water
will do more toward keeping hogs
healthy than any other one thing
The hog has peculiar skin, and
under the skin Is a thick pad OF rat,
so that he must get rid of his heat
mostly from his lungs by breathing.
In hot weather he needs some cool
place to lie in, and If he can find
mud he wallows in it. He prefers
good, clean water, but il he can not
find that, mud is the best substitute.
Shade Is very essential in warm wea-
Their.
Buildings for hogs need not be
very expensive. We advise colony
houses Of the A shape, with both
sides open with hinges on the top.
This type of house furnishes shade.
ventilation, and sunlight in summer
and when closed. a very comfortable
narrowing pen in winter. These
houses are erected on skids and can
be moved from place to place with
pair Of horses or mules. They are
SO constructed that they are ideal
narrowing pens A SOW about to
farrow can be placed in a lot in
which is one Of these colony houses.
and che will make her nest in the
house If some hay or straw is placed
there. Tenders should be arranged
around the sides of the house SO that
the sow will not be able to- lie close
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
COOPERATION.
BY herbert Mrick.

Co-operauon-not strife
II tho divine law Of life
Character 10 the basis Of exchange
Not gold. land. labor nor within the
range
Of what men call property.
The instrument IL good or bad
According az the man IL Glad =.
And able, promise to perform. III
BY this means organization
10 effect the transmutatton
OF brain and hand, work and desire,
Into forms thu! others require.
Not to stand alonc II vital.
Get together 20 inrnortal:
Instead OF weakness. separately,
Strength IN oneness With Inna!ty
For every soul
Is part Of the Who's.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
Raising Turkeys

The methods employed in raising
turkeys differ in no great degree from
tnose in use in raising chickens. The
most attention must be paid to consti-
1utional vigor Of the breeding stock.
care Of the eggs and to the care OF
the very young poults. While gen
eral principles are much the same,
there are some important variations
that must be noted. The birds must
have more range If given absolute
freedom they manage to pick theA
own living with but little expense to
their owners, but If closely confined
they require an enormous amount Of
feed, and do not get sufficient exer-
else for proper and quick develop
ment. During the breeding season
the mature birds must not have abso-
lutte freedom since better results are
obtained when they are under better
control.
Most breeders recommend placing
the first eggs under hens, making the
turkeys lay more before allowing
them to set. A common hen can
cover we'll only about nine turkey
eggs, while turkey hon may be given
as many as fifteen. Other breeders rec
ommend that all turkey eggs be
Matched under common hens, but
that the young poufts be given to tur-
key hens to raise, for the common
hens do not range enough to give the
young birds the exercise they need.
and they generally overfeed them.
Turkey hens may be given Is to rs
young birds to raise. Pen them closely
Tor a few daysuntil they answer the call
Of the turkey hen, after which they
may be given their liberty in the
mornings after the dew is off, making
sure that all are housed again safely
at night. The main points in the
care of the poults are not to let them
get wet during the first few weeks, to
keep the lice from them, to allow
them to get plenty Of exercise. green
feed, bugs, etc., and never to over
feed them. To keep them free OF
lice, dust them with insect powders
once weekly until six weeks old, after
which they will be able to use dust
baths to advantage. It Is recon-
mended also to grease the mature
hens on the breasts and under the
wings with bacon grease, kerosene
and lard. or other lice ointment.
Artificial incubation Is much the
same as for chicken eggs. Is days.
however. being required. Moisture
must be supplied during the entiro
period. After sc to 4s hours the
young turkeys may be fed corn bread,
wheat bread soaked in milk and
pressed nearly dry, cottage cheese,
tender green feed, little pepper and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
MAKE THE CITY BACKYARD PRODUCTIVE

top off and strip across the lower
part, makes a very good nest. Simply
set these boxes on the floor, about a
foot from the wall face in. so that
they can be taken out without any
trouble to be cleaned and exposed to
the sun, which will eliminate all
mites.
In selecting your hens, would sus-
gest any Of the dark colored varieties
in the American class, preferably Bar
red Plymouth Rocks, which because
Of their plumage don't show the dirt.
and almost always make good APP
pearance and are regarded as the
worlds best all-purpose fowl. It IL
essential in the production of eggs
that fresh water, oyster she'll and grit,
be before the hens at all times; this.
with the table scrap and little grain
at night will keep the hens in good
condition, and a good supply Of
sprouted oats will produce an egg
yield that will keep you in fresh eggs
almost all the year. have found that
plenty Of water, white ash and perfect
cleanliness. are the most essential
parts of a successful poultry plant.
There is no reason why every
household in the city that has the yard
room should not have at least a dozen
hens, kept On the plan as outlined in
this article, and If you will keep track
Of their productiveness, you will find
that they will more than pay for their
upkeep in addition to giving you the
best Of eggs and chickens for the
table.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
CHARACTERISTICS OF EAR RIOTS OF CORN
BY r. j. BURRILL.

Everyone who has had anything to
do with harvesting corn has noticed
Mt least an occasional ear that diff
fered remarkably from the normal
ones in being more or less covered
with and penetrated by mold. In
many cases the husks and silk are
also involved and appear cemented
together and to the ear by mass of
white, cobwebby filaments. At the
same time the parts affected have
lost their substance. are light In
weight and brittle in texture.
Upon close study it soon becomes
apparent that there are several of
these ear rots. or at least that there
are differences which seem fairly
constant when numerous specimens
are carefully examined. 1t is. thus
possible to divide the affected ears
into four groups, as follows: d.
plodia, Fusarium l, Fusarium II.
Fusarium III.
Some Of these rots are so similar
that the casual observer rarely en-
tertains any suspicion of their being
but one form. The resemblances are
so complete in some instances that
the removal of the husk and some
times microScopial examination are
needed for the classification Of the
variety. Commonly. however, in fairly
advanced stages of the disease one
or more characteristic differences are
apparent. The two forms most easily
confused are the DiplOdia, in which
the color of the moldy growth is
white, and Fusarium II, in which 1t
is pink to red.
The first indication that ears Of
corn are diseased is fading of the
bright green of the husks to a pale
yellowish green color. In Diplodia
this change goes on gradually, and
under favorable. conditions quite rap
idly, until the entire ear has the ap-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
HELPFUL HINTS FOR FITTING
AND EXHIBITING SHEEP.

Choose show sheep from well bred
dock.
Select only sheep Of proper type and
conformation.
Be sure that all necessary feed and
equipment are provided.
Make oil preparations for feeding IN
ample time and commence ntting
early.
Keep sheep gaining gradually and
never crowd them at any time.
Study their condition and progress
daily.
Do not attempt to ct sheep unioss
you love them. take pride In them,
and have great ambition to make a
success as Snowman.
Give the utmost care to sl.ooo at
the show and never neglect them in
any way. If you hope to win any
prizes.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
FLOWER NOTES

When receiving new plant. ess
pecia1ly II from florist, examine IS
we'll and see that It Is free from IN
scots. A breeding place for some
new insect may be revealed.
A. tea made Of tobacco leaves makes
one Of the best remedies for insects;
roses especially, are benefited by
spraying with 1t weekly. Only few
forms Of worms will endure the weed.
Start geranium cuttings in midsum.
mer for the winter blooming. They
are readily rooted in glass Of water
placed in a sunny window. AS they
increase in size keep the tips Of the
branches pinched back to insure com.
pact form Of growth.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

to stretch after 1t has been used sew
eral times, although it can be used
to advantage when lumber and help
are not plentiful.
In planting forage crops 1t 10 an
advantage to plant in long narrow
strips so that the temporary fences
can be placed across the narrow part
Of the field. It IL also an advantage
section is in such alignment with the
other sections that the cultivation
may be done without turning at the
end of each section, and when the
crops are laid by the temporary fence
can separate ono crop from another
When plans are made to establish
hog pastures one must not forget the
very important factor Of providing
good, pure water for them. In Sec
lions where running water cannot be
secured through pipes. II can be
hauled in barrels. Many hog ratsers
provide sled or drag on sk1ds on
which a barrel is fastened on water.
tight floor with sides to It 30 that
the pigs can drink all around tho bar
rel, the water coming out Of tho bar
rel about three inches from tho
bottom through a small hole, which
automatically flows according to the
water consumed.
Running streams of water are very
satisfactory when they originate on
the farm, but II they travel long dis.
tances and through several farms and
across public roads, they are very
likely to be contaminated ana may
spread diseases such as anthrax, and
hog cholera. Keeping hogs healthy ts
much more important than trying to
cure them when sick.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10
Over $50 Farmer Clun..

There are over ESQ active farmers
clubs in North Dakota at tho present
time. These clubs have taken up
many different projects One Of the
principal things undertaken by them,
however. has been the organization
OF local short Courses. AS a result
many new practices In agriculture
have been discussed and undertaken.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

some grit. They should be fed four
or five times daily for a few days.
then the number Of feeds may be re-
dueed to three, and II they have
plenty Of range, two feeds will DO
sufficient. Feed in limited amounts,
never giving all they want. Gradually
introduce chick feed, finely cracked
grains, and small grains into the
ration as the poults develop and when
five or six months old corn can be
fed-C McClelland
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-09-10

The growing Of cucumbers for the
early spring market has become quite
q large industry. In the extreme
southern sections the seed Is planted
from the middle of February until
about the early part OF April. The
shipping season lasts from the middle