davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-12-27
FOREIGN dispatch recently stat.

a FOREIGN dispatch recently stat
~ ed that between 5000 and 5000
u students of Heidelberg Univer-
sity had been killed in the war. So
that, besides brushing away holiday
habits as frivolities now to be forgot
ten, because of the distressed condition
of Germany, the student body. during
these last days of December, must
gravely recall the merry hours of other
year-ends when their individual friends
among the dead soldiers made joyous
the ushering in of the new year.
The University of Heidelberg was
founded in 1886. during a period of in
tense gloom in Germany. The elector,
who was man of the hour at that
time, had observed with interest the
workings of the big school that had
been established at Prague by Emperor
friends and every opportunity was Of
fered the elector to study the system
of instruction used there. The Ger
mans needed n new object and a new
founding, after the pattern of Prague.
except in Its political purposes, the
great university that was to over
shadow others for centuries to come.
During the reign of Frederick all
work at Heidelberg was suspended,
but Carl Frederick restored the uni
versity to its first promise, and the ia
nous teacher of law, Samuel Puffen-
dorf, was later to gather together
there a number of his learned associ-
ates, to push aside the domination of
speculative philosophy and adopt more
of a curriculum of forceful sciences.
AS in most schools, various c1iques
in Heidelberg have always had favor
ite professors. and on New Year eve
it has been the custom for the first
move of the evening to be made in
swarming under the windows of the
favorite's home and bidding him u
happy New Year. About midnight.
from some central point of the town.
would boom the noise of firearms. as
though a declaration were flashing
forth.
This was the signal for troop of
students to sally out from their
"kneips," as gay as, perhaps, a score
of cornetists and a strone-fsted drum
mer could make them, and march to
the professors residence. Cloaks and
pistols, shawls and torches, dressing
Evening star., 1914-12-27

~ NGLISH censorship of the press finds
jS a prominent place in the topics OF
~ the time III this connection 1t is
worth recalling that Milton-John Mliton'
author of great poems, and likewise
autbor of many anti-royalist and Puritan
papers-was an English censor OF tine
written word under the government OF the
commonwealth, and an advocate, at least
a literary advocate, of the liberty OF 'he
press.
Milton became famous as writer OF
musical and scholarly poetry during MS
career at Christ College, Cambridge.
There, in the early part OF the seven
years of his life at that place, ne was
called THE Lady, because the deitcacy
of his manner and his manners, his dis
inclination to participate in the rougher
sports of the other youths and his strong
inclination to study set him apart from
his fellows. But he outgrew TINS milo
hostility. and became rather the boast
Of the college and of the university be-
cause of his scholarship and his produc-
tions in Latin, Greek and English verse.
After his university days John Milton
went to live with his father at Norton,
a little village near Windsor, and during
the six years of his life there he created
..LAllegro," "Il Penseros," "Comus and
Lyciades" and other fine fancies of the
mind So, when he made his visits to
Paris, Geneva, Pisa, Florence, Rome,
Naples. Sicily and Greece, he was man
of note, and his entertainment by the
learned and literatti of those places was
always warm and cordial.
When Milton returned from the grand
tour the situation in England was omlnous
of the coming breach between Charles
and a large portion of his people. The
Puritanism of Milton asserted itself in
pamphlets, which caused him to be
loathed by the royalists and conservatives
and .applauded by the Puritan extremists.
He really became the literary and
argumentative leader of the anti-royal
party. His "Areopa gitica,'' or the
ened his position with independents.
When the head of King Charles I was
cut off, January 80, 1649. the hatred Of
he royalists for parliament was without
bound.
Milton wrote one of the most extreme
pamphlets iustifying the execution of the
king. This was one of the acts of Mil
ton which the royalists and their follow
ers never forgave after the restoration Of
the monarchy, and it required the best
services OF influential friends to save
Milton from the hangman's moose.
=: =
AS soon as the government OF the
commonwealth was established in au-
thority John Milton was appointed sec
retary of foreign tongues or Latin
secretary. at salary Of 800
Nichols and A, F. Nightingale of the
IInivarSifv of Chica hau said
Evening star., 1914-12-27

The big rush in the post card business
in the seasons greetings" business,
ra,her-began this year December %.
Bag after bag of mail, made up almost
exclusively of messages of good cheer
in some form or another, swept into
the Office. The cancellation and time
stamping machines were going like
rapid-1re guns from Z o'clock in the
morning until IL o'clock at night.
In the midst of this roar and rush
Supt: of Carriers Charles B. Matthews
was holding the fort. Lucky for him
that he has had twenty-one years of
experience. One slip in this complex
machinery and chaos would follow.
1T might be a good idea," he re-
1narked. 'to start a slogan, Send your
every one times his card or calendar so
it will arrive Christmas or New Year
day. He added that 100000 pieces of
mail had already been handled-and
the day was not yet over.
Those big calerdars,' he went on,
ARE hardest to handle. III the first
place, they don't fit well into the mail
pouch. They are bulky. This fact and
the ease with which they may be in
jured make the carriers especially
careful.
THE experienced men, as rule, are
irtrusted with this class of mail: The
extra men and boys are usually as
signed to deliver parcel post packages. -
And this brought an interesting story
of the growth of the temporary service
-"outlaws," as they are called by some
which labors until well after New
ear.
Three years ago word went out from
tae department that extra mail car
r-ars were needed for about three
.-rei..s during the holiday rush. The
lrs =pplicants were from the high
--aools They returned to school when
.a.- work vas over and spread the good
ord 30 advertising was necessary
Ts.s yea: the applicants for positions
..s. .xr=etIed the needs of the depart
..t--.s Georgetown University. Catho-
.- iljversity and all of the hve hlSh
-.-!l-u4= were represented
Aatthews declared that he had enough
Evening star., 1914-12-27

FNHE seasons greetings-"Merry
Christmas and Happy New
Hear'-in book and card and
q calendar form give the letter
carriers of the Post Office Department
a three-week job that is stupendous.
Three hundred and forty-one regular
carriers. forty-fve substitute carriers
and 164 temporary employees are now at
work in the department, and will be at
work until the New Year has arrived.
Eliminating the parcel post and the
regular mail. the item of cards and
calendars which express the holiday
sentiment is one that keeps the Off
cials of the Post Office Department on
the jump.
Last year 100000 postal cards alone
were sent in or out of Washington
This year it is expected that last year S
record will be beaten-for which there
Is a reason.
The poorer people are, say the post
Office authorities, the more cards are
sent through the mails. In the poorest
sections of the city. where letter car
riers rarely stop during the rest of
the year, postal cards descend at New
Year time like leaves in autumn.
They are usually the thin, decorated
cards, with half of the face reserved
for the address and half for any mes
sage which the sender may desire to
send in addition to the conventional
greeting.
Seventy odd contract stations-drug
histories and the like, which are pressed
nto service during the holiday rush
send a shower of these cards to the
post Office
An examination of the variety of
holiday souvenirs which may be pur-
chased at the stores discloses a range
of prices beginning with the humble
penny and rising to the equivalent of
an excellent dinner. There are con-
trivances of carved and painted wood.
quaint little figures surrounding a tiny
calendar which is pasted in the center.
There are cardboard panels upon which
hand-colored photographs have been
appended.
Then there are the huge calendars,
some of them three feet long and half
that wide, which are made of twelve
separate panels, each one having a
wonderfully colored reproduction of
the work of some noted artist and one
month of the year reproduced beneath
il in tints
All these fragile bits of mail must
be delivered to the home of the recip-
lent in good condition. To the poor a
bent, soiled penny post card becomes
tragedy. And the man of position and
wealth, finding valuable present has
become injured in transit, will utter a
iionlike roar and write letter to the
postmaster.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
Eff g t of Decisions

As result of the decisions and
judgment of the Missouri supreme
court, ousting from the state and fin
ing the International Harvester Co.
of America $4,000 for being a mem
Der of trust" was affirmed while
the action of the Kentucky court of
appeals, in affirming judgments in ia
Vor of various Kentucky counties for
penalties against the same company
for being member of a trust was
reversed. The decisions do not af-
feet the action of the federal gov
eminent against the language of JUS
tice McKenna in delivering the Mis-
souri, opinion in regard to trusts with
good intentions was regarded in
some quarters as a warning to or
CARNATIONS self-styled as good
trusts" but on the other hand, law
yers representing corporate interests
welcomed the Kentucky opinion by
Justice Holmes in showing the law
had no favorites. Justice McKenna
said it was too late to assert that
a state could not prohibit combinations
induced by good intentions and which
had some good effect. This was his
answer to the argument by the Har
vester Co, that it had reduced the
prices of machinery to farmers.
Fhe justice considered at length the
contention that a state could not
classify restraints SO as to apply to
those who sell articles and not to
those who are engaged in labor pur-
suits or purchase articles. Such a
lack of classification, he said, would
lead the states to sorry straits. He
added that classification was proper
as long as the classification was made
with regard to the evil to be cured.
The court condemned the Kentucky
statutes because these laws made it
unlawful to enhance or depress prices
of commodities above or below the
real market value. The court held
that it was beyond human ingenuity
to determine what the real market
value of a commodity was, and hence
the law was beyond the power of a
state to enact.
The justice held that there was no
standard of conduct possible for anyone
under Kentucky law in arriving at what
was the real price of an article. He said
the state contended that the Harvester
Co. in arriving at what would have been
the real price if the combination had
not existed. was not entitled to consider
the increased cost of materials because it
bought materials of subsidiary COM
pany.
IF business is to go on he concluded.
men must unite to do it; and must sell
their wares. To compel them to guess
at their peril on Indictment what the
community would have given for their
wares if the continually changing condi-
tons were other then they are. to di-
vine prophetically what the reaction of
uron the Imagination and desires uf par
chasers is to exact gifts that mankind
does not possess.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
SUPREME COURT UPHOLDS
INTERSTATE COMMERCE
COMMISSIONS POWER TO
SUPERVISE STATE RATES

"It is of the eSsenSe of the power
to regulate interstate commerce that
where it exists it dominates" said
Justice Hughes 1.-The fact that car
riers are instruments of intra- Estate
commerce as well as of interstate
commerce does not derogate from the
complete and paramount authority of
Congress over the latter or preclude
the federal power from the right to
such carriers from being made a
means of injury to that which has
been confided to federal care.
Wherever the interstate and mira
state transactions of carriers are so
related that the government of the
one involves the control of the other,
it is Congress and not the state that
is entitled to prescribe the final and
dominant rule, for otherwise Congress
would be denied the exercise of it's
constitutional authority and the state
and not the nation would be supreme
within the national field
In removing Determinations against
interstate commerce. the court held,
Congress is not bound to reduce the
interstate rates below what it may
deem to be a proper standard to the
carrier and the public.
Otherwise" said the opinion, lit
could prevent the injury to interstate
commerce only by the sacrifice of its
judgncnt as to interstate. rates.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09

Washington. June s.-A long step to-
ward placing railroads under zone
master instead of many" was taken
today by the supreme court in uphold
ing the power of the Interstate Com
merce Commission to strike down
state rates that discriminate against
interstate commerce.
The court said in substance that the
Minnesota and other recent state rate
cases, in which the railroads lost,
might have been decided otherwise had
the roads gone to the commission for
relief instead of the courts.
The decision was announced by Jus
tice Hughes, Justices Pitney and Lur-
ton dissenting The case arose out of
complaint by the Shreveport, La,
merchants that the Texas Railroad
Commission had shut them out of all
Texas business by compelling the rail-
roads to reduce Texas state rates far
below what the Interstate Commerce
Commission allowed the railroads run
ming from Shreveport to Texas cities
to charge.
The court first decided that Congress
had power to control interstate
charges over an interstate carrier to
the extent necessary to prevent in
furious determinations against inter
state traffic and then held that Con-
gress had conferred this power upon
the Interstate Commerce Commission.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
LET THEM DIE!"
NEW SLOGAN IN
HUNGER STRIKES
ResentfuI Public of England Encourages
Government to Take Extreme
Steps in Crisis

including clergymen, on the subject
and all of the latter who are quoted
by the newspaper express themselves
in favor of the proposal.
Father Bernard Vaughan, brother of
the late Cardinal Vaughan, replied:
There would be nothing officially
wrong in letting them die. Let them
start at once and make up for lost
time" The Rev. Arthur Waldron, vi
car of st. Matthews, Brixton, said:
IF the women refuse food they
should be allowed to die"
The Rev. Richard Free, vicar of st.
Clements, Fulham, replied
Il think the suggestions very good.
/ have advocated it for many months
Several of those interviewed de-
nounced impartially both forcible
feeding and the hunger strike" while
Willoughby Dickinson. a Liberal mem
ber of Parliament. Lady Cowdray and
Lady Muir Mackenzie dismissed the
suggestion as preposterous.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
new RUMOR
THAT HUERTA
is TO RESIGN
Posters at Capital
Seek to Prevent
His Escape
Circulated by Opponents Who
Desire His Punishment

Vera Cruz, June S.-The announce
ment of the suspension of the pro-
posed blockade of Tampico by Mexi
can gunboats was accompanied by the
revival here of reports of Huerta's
early possible before
Wednesday night Most of the army
men refuse to credit these reports, but
passengers from the capital seem to
be convinced that there Is truth in
them, and the Vera Cruz afternoon
papers make a considerable display of
the news of Huertas withdrawal. One
of the passengers. a close friend of the
provisional president, is authority for
the statement that the President told
him he intended to quit office.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
'THAW FIGHT
REACHES THE
HIGH COURT
Counsel Asks for
His Release
On Bail
n. Y. Attorneys Are Given Until
Friday 10 File Brie1

Washington, June S.-Harry Is.
Thaw's fight for freedom reached the
supreme court of the United States
today when former Governor Stone of
Pennsylvania, as counsel, asked for
This release on bail, pending final de-
cision of the proceedings by which
the state of New York seeks to return
the noted prisoner to Matteawan for
his refuge in New York. Chief Justice
White gave representatives of New
York until Friday to file a brief in
opposition to Thaw's release and a
decision may be given next Monday
when the supreme court will conclude
it's work for the term and adjourn I'M
til fall.
The supreme court rules provide for
bail in such cases and Justice Aldrich
of the federal court of New Hamp-
shire, who gave the favorable decision
in Thaw's habeas corpus proceedings,
announced in his decision that he was
not sure he ought to deny a release on
bail, but would present the matter to
the supreme court.
Mr.. Stone set forth in his petition
that his client was needed in court
in Pennsylvania to testify in the set
element of his fathers estate.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
CONFERENCE TODAY TO
FORMALLY CONSIDER
Contemplates Establishment
Of Provisional Govern
ment to Conduct General
Elections for Permanent
Administration of Nations
Affairs

Niagara Falls, Ont, June 8.-The
United States government through
Justice Lamar and Frederick W. Leh-
mann today presented to the three
South American mediators a complete
plan for the pacif1cation of Mexico.
1t is the same in principle as that pre-
scented by the mediators and already
agreed to by the Huerta government.
1t contemplates establishment at the
earliest date practicable of new pro-
visional government in Mexico City
which would conduct general cleo
tions for permanent government. The
plan includes several counter PROPOSE
tions of which Huerta delegates will
be advised tomorrow.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09

Washington, June s.-General Huer-
ta's order today, suspending the order
to blockade Tampieo against the de-
livery of ammunition by the steamer
Antilla to the Constitutionalists sery-
ed to dispel apprehension over a new
crisis between the United States and
the Huerta government, which had
threatened mediation of Mexican af-
fairs.
Though Washington officials ex-
pressed satisfaction over Huerta's ac-
ton, it was persistently suggested out
side of official circles that the block
ade had been suspended only condi-
tionally as a result of conferences be-
tween the South American mediators
and the Mexican and American dele
gates at Niagara Falls and that the
delivered at Tampico at this time. 1t
was said the Antilla might be divert
ed in her course through an agree
ment with the officials of the Ward
Line, her owners, an American cor
poration. President Wilson, Secretary
Bryan and Secretary Daniels gave evil
dence of great relief over the late de-
velopments which. temporarily at
least have averted another clash at
arms. Representatives of the Consti-
tutionalists in Washington thought
that the ammunition would be landed
at Tampico but they divulged no di-
rect information.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
Differences Slight

From the mediators themselves. it
became known that the differences in
the two plans are slight. A full con-
ference of all delegates and mediators
is planned for tomorrow or Wednes-
day. This is for the formal consid-
GRAFTON and final drafting of the pro-
tocol.
Although the question of whether
the Antilla would be permitted to land
her ammunition at the Constitutional
list port of Tampico was not finally
disposed of today, the Mexican dele
gates let it be known that while they
hoped the cargo in some way would
be returned to New York, they were
not disposed to interrupt mediation
even If the ammunition finally got
ashore General Huerta's order re-
scinding the blockade infused a spirit
of optimism everywhere for the situa-
ton yesterday was threatening. To-
night final word was awaited from
the American government as to wheth-
err the Antilla would be permitted to
land her arms.
1t is understood that diplomatic way
of approaching internal questions would
meet the approval of the Constitution
alists. but the medators are insistent on
an armistice The Constitutionalists want
to know what the peace plan compre-
hends before they agree to a suspension
of hostilities. They claim that when
revolutionary army is once started in a
comprehensive military campaign it can
not be stopped for a week or a short
CONTINUED on Page 14-Coiumn d.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09
DELEGATE TO
I.O.G.T. FROM
WATERVILLE

Waterville, Me-, June 6.-(SpeciaD.-
Frederick Allen Shepherd, the Pro-
hibition candidate for Governor, will
leave Waterville about July 1 for
Christiana, Norway, where from July
26 to Aug. he will act as an inter-
national delegate from America to the
International Supreme convention of
the l. O. G.. T. He with several other
delegates from the United States will
sail from New York July l, on board
the Cunard Line steamer Kaiserine
Augusta Victoria. 1t was at the recent
convention held here in Waterville
that Mr.. Shepherd was chosen for the
important mission. He will return
about Aug % and will then hold a
short but vigorous campaign for Gov
ernor.
Mr.. Shepherd. who is the son of Al
len A. and Addie E. Hart Shepherd,
was born May 3, 1881, in Camden. He
attended the public schools of Rock
land and was graduated from its High
school in the class of 1900. Later he
attended Phillips Exeter Academy,
Kent's Hill and Bucksport Seminary,
and was especially prominent in the
debating and public speaking depart
ments of the schools. He did not con-
fine his activities to the literary side
of his school career, for at Kent's Hill
he was assistant manager of football
and at Bucksport he filed the position
of football manager for a season.
After completing his studies in the
preparatory schools he carried on a
struggle for education against great
odds. He entered Colby College and
was graduated with the class of 1911.
In college he was as prominent as in
the preparatory schools. President of
the Freshman class, a member of the
Murray prize debating team, winner
Of the Hallowell public speaking prize
of $50 and numerous other distinctions
marked his course at Colby. His spe-
cial interests have always eentered
along literary lines. At Exeter ne was
a member of the G.. l.. SouIe Literary
Society, and at Kent's Hill of the Cal
liopean Society, and at Bucksport of
the Calorhitorean Society. While in
college he became affiliated with Phi
Delta Theta.
Mr.. Shepherd is now engaged in
newspaper work Waterville. Begin
ming as president of the Maine ANA
teur Press Association while in High
school. he became a cub reporter for
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1914-06-09

the RockIand Courier Gazette under
w q. Fuller. Later Mr. Shepherd
went to the Rockland Daily Star and
then to the Waterville Mail. For sew
eral years he was employed by the
Kennebec Journal as a reporter in Au-
eusta and later as a correspondent IN
Gardiner, next to be member or the
Portland Evening Express staff. Find
ing no place that he liked much bet
ter than the Elm City. he returned to
Waterville and went back to the Wat
erville Sentinel In conjunction with
considerable magazine and newspaper
writing, Mr. Shepherd is Waterville.
Oakland and Clinton district CORE
spondent for The Associated Press.