davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
EDUCATION Is CHEAP; Il. X
z ;,.s ILLINOIS SHOWS IT

SPRINGFIELD, Ill, May q. Fig
ures complied by. F. &c. Blair, state
superintendent Of scholls; show that
In six counties Of Illinois the cost pes
student Of. q years public instruction
lis less than SO. In six other counties
litssis above $40. fsss.9.s; &, s. &
The cost In the ninety remaining
counties ranges between these low and
high figures. The total number Of
/ teachers II the public schools in s1s
was .3o,565. The average length Of
school term was 7.6 months, the aver
age cost per pupil enrolled was $27.7
and the annual salary Of teachers
averaged S 662.0 IA,
Tn COG ounty Chicago the s,21s
teachers were paid an average salary
of 163.s u sIsH
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
MISS LINNEHAN LANDS
49, LABOR BUREAU PLUM

Miss Margaret: Linnehan of this
city was this week appointed mana
ger of. the woman's department Of the
state free employment bureau in st.
Paul by Commissioner w. f. Houk.
Miss Linnehan took the. civil service
examination last year, and she passed
with q high standing. She was next
in line for appointment. She is a
teacher in the Duluth public schools,
and is Well known in local musical Cir
cles. ="
Miss zLinnehan, is deeply interested
in women and child welfare work
and those who know her declare she
will be heard from in her new work.
The appaintmen is a good one from
every stand point = a. :,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
Come to The Big Duluth q
for Summer NeckWear.
FAKE FLOWER FIRMS
s.3 EMPLOY MANY BABIES

NEW YORK, May % ~ nmed late
action to remedy conditions among
child workers in the artific ial. flower
Industry in this city, in which 1t y
charged there are many violations of
the child Ia Dor law, is urged IN q
report BY the Sage found alton. Miss
Mary van Kleeck, a special inyestj- !
gator OF the Sage foundation and 2u-
thor Of the report, declares hat s'the
mere mentio On OF the artificial flower
trade recalls the picture OF 3-year-O1d
toilers picking apart the petals to he
pasted together IN the shape of 4 yio-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
MARTIN oLMEM HOME !; !:
49,: TO SPEND MONTH HERE

Martin olmem, a ; former we'll
known worker in the local labor
movement, who has been away from
the city for several years, returned
Wednesday and will remain here for
a month. He is accompanied by Mrs.
Olmenl. 800. -*- F..
Mr. O1mem has been foreman OF
tfe Fargo Courier-News since leaving
Duluth: He left Fargo two weeks
ago and worked for a week on the ST.
Paul Pioneer Press. Upon his arrival
here he went to work at the. News
Tribune office, His parents live, at
Pike lake, and Martin expects to
spend much of his. time there during
the next month; 49,. !. !. = - :, :
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
ARE YOU A BAKER? IF
: YOU ARE READ THIS

Joseph Schmidt, organizer for the
Bakery and Confectionery Workers
international union, will arrive in Du-
luth tonight for the purpose of re-
organizing the local union of Bakers
here. Mr.. Schmidt will appear before
the Federated Trades Assembly.
The organization committee of the
Trades Assembly has had cards print
ed announcing a. meeting of bakers tc
be held at Kalamazoo hall Saturday
evening: at which Organizer Schmidt
will perfect a union Every baker in
the city is urged to attend.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
GRAND THEA TER AGAIN 1. .=
ii .:. FAIR 10 UNION LABOR

p The Grand Theaster at West: Duluth
is now a thorough union. theater.. III {
management L tliis week settled with
the Theatrica1; Stage Employees union
and a union operator is now employ
ed. The 7theater will again be pa
tronized by union folks and their
friends, and as high class entertain
ments are given there a pleasant time
Is guaranteed to all who may attend.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
Come to The Big Duluth.
for Your Straw Hats. !, IS
PICKETING rs. :LAWFU:tI i

IL KANSAS CITY. Mo, May 2 2 .-
Judg John M. Kennedy does not agree
With the views Of his predecessor in
regard to peaceful picketing. Five
union Ion /. lun were arrested on the
charge Of picketing a n onunions shop
and the court held that pickettng IN
this state is lawful II within bounds.
and l1sd he will How men Sto walk ,lp and
down while picket as long, AZ they
do IN not stop. congr OF disturb the
peace.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
MACHINIsTs' UNION 40 . !. !
CHOOSES GOOD MEN

=t:-R. ]. Coole.. George Franklin and
Thos. Lee have been. selected to rep
resent 4eslocal union stof Machinists
at the Duluth convention Of the Min
snesota Federation Of Labor. They are
all well-knoWn union me- ! It is be-
;lieved that all the achinists' unions
OF the state willsbesrepresented at the
convention. The Machinists' delega-
ton to the meeting will be entertain
ed by members Of the local union dur
ing the conventions. " /, IS 7
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
WISE POLITICIANS USE
BILL POSTERS LABEL

The local union of Bill Posters is
doing a great business with its union
label during these campaign times.
Candidates for office are not supposed
to be in the swim who do not have
their distributing done by union bill
ers and posters. The union stamp
may be seen on the face of the cleo.
ton cards being displayed in the var
ious store windows about town.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
Come to The Big Duluth
for Bostonian Shoes.
WON THEIR DEMANDS.

BAY CITY, Mich, May 22.-After
a two days. strike. the Painters, Pap
erhangers, and Decorators union won
it's demands for higher wages and
better working conditions. Their sue
cess has stimulated the trade union
movement in this city, and locals Of
wood-workers and electrical workers
are now under way. A local of bar
tenders has been recently organized
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23

ZIGLER ELECTED DELEGATE.
Lava Zigler was. elected. this week
to represent the, local union, of Jour-
neyman Horseshoers in the conven-
ton of the State Federation of La
Dor. w. r. Thomson was elected
alternate.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23

! Nearly a million women in the
United States are either farmers or
farm laborers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23
Come to The Big Duluth
for Summer Shirts.

5 "A man with an ak to grind can al,
Vtays find people to turn the grind:
stone for him. So u.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1914-05-23

;, Come TO: The Big Duluth
!; ! for Your Boy = Clothes. !.
Evening star., 1914-04-12
Machine Oil,

2 for sc.
THIS COUPON
and &c for two
bottles OF Extra
Quality s e wing
Machine OIL: will
not gum. Regu-
lar &C bottles. (S)
Evening star., 1914-04-12
Buttons,
t.

3 for SC.
THIS COUPON
and &c for three
cards of Pearl
Buttons. one doz-
en- on card. Sizes
~ to o. o. ligne.
For wash dress
es, u n d e rwear.
etc. fSJ
The sun., 1914-09-01
Prepared for Tempest.

The crcu r. In commenting upon the
tremendous food OF Europeln holdings
OF American securities thrown ON the
markets here says: "Tho floating sun
ply OF our securities in Europe was no
doubt materially reduced during this
period OF nearly two years since the out
break Of the Balkan war and the mar
ket was brought down TO "A bedrock basis.
II the European dcblcle had caught this
country with credits extended and the
stock market on an inflated basis the
situation would have been much more
serious than II Is.
THE closing NJ the market placo
stopped the dumping OF securities. but
already formidable indebtedness had
been thus created Europe wanred a
market for American securities held
there. Maturing issues and heavy inter
est payments. together with long bills
sold against anticipated exports OF grain
and cotton, called for largo Immediate
and future settlements. and added TO
the demands which foreign banks and
bankers could make upon us with
heavy obligations facing us and no com
moditles going out II looked as though
startling amount Of gold might be
called for
THE expectation Of 500 900. 900 or
5000, 600, 900 OF gold. or even consider
ably more, would not he a serious matter
TO the United states II the entire stock
OF gold IN the country were masscd and
under the control of a unified banking
organization. The Treasury held on
June 30 last s1,0s0,97i,S69 against out
standing gold certificates and compared
with this sum the exports have been
insignificant. But the national banks
of New York city AT the date named held
only sl74,55S,44 OF these certificates,
and II was upon these holdings that the
entire burden fell. with the result that
the banking situation throughout the
United States was critically disturbed
The demand upon the banks caused a
heavy deficit In their legal reserves and
compelled them 10 issue clearing hous.
certificates in transactions between them
selves and to resort to various eXpedi-
ents TO conserve and restore their re-
serves. The situation IN New York OF
course reacted upon the situation
throughout the country and precaution
AIRY measures were taken in many
localities.
There is no reason to fear that our
gold will b. taken In alarming quantities
The banking system Of the country II
directed as a unit, has the means to pre-
vent undue purchases of goods or secur-
lt!es abroad"
The sun., 1914-09-01
National City Bank Sees
Cash Problem After War
Thinks Development of Industries Here. and Finding Cash
for Needy World Will Test Intelligence
of Americans


rcgul3rly perhaps sl.5OO.O00 900 per an
mum of new capital for other countries.
Now that they are engaged In this great
struggle. where are these funds coming
from next year and 81 tho following
years? II they are not forthcoming trade
will not be very good in Canada, South
America and other new countries for any
body. good part Of our own foreign
trade In recent years has been due TO TINS
constructive work financed ir Europe our
exports to Canada have grown rapidly IN
consequence. The manufacture ana IN
stallatiOn OF electrical equipment has been
one OF the industries In which Germany
has been foremost. and that is why we ex-
ported more copper to Germany last year
than to any other country.
I'VE will now have opportunity to- take
construction contracts provided We Will
finance the undertakings In short, II
these new countries are to Ro ahead IN
their development and build works and
buy equipment and employ labor as they
have been doing somebody must supply
capital
"In England there is large investing
public. accustomed to buy securities rep
resenting properties all over the world.
AS vet we have no such body of investors
In this country. and our banking houses
cannot go far In the purchase of foreign
securities unless there * a market to
which such securities can he distributed.
The conditions FOR creating such market
are unfavorable Just now because our
choice home securities can be bought very
low. II * to be remembered that there
remains In Europe large stock W these
which the owners. either To- relieve their
necessities or from patriotic desire to sup
port their home governments, may want to
sell rs opportunity is afforded SO the
question whether We are willing to step
into the place of England. France and
Germany in financing the progress Of the
outside world is complicated by further
query as To the extent 10 which we are
able 10 do this and buy back our own Sc
Curities too.
The sun., 1914-09-01

tives of all bellgeren' countries 10 file
code wireless messages providing that they
file at the same time translations OF the
messages with the American naval officers
acting as censors He added, however,
that no instructions to. this effect have
been furnished by the authorities at
Washington to the Marconi Company.
DIR. Schnitzler. vice-president and at
torney for the Atlantic Communication
Company. which has a wireless station
at Sayvlle l.. |. said yesterday he had
no knowledge that the plan had been ac-
cepted by the German Embassy at Wash
lngton.
Il see no reason why we should not be
allowed TO take code messages" Or
Schnitzler said and we would take them
we haven't taken any though because
there have not been any. I think this
matter will come up for settlement In the
very near future"
The sun., 1914-09-01
Call for Courageous Unity.

The occasion calls for INTEL gent, cour-
ageOus. cooperative policies. This Is the
richest country on the globe and its equip.
ment and capacity for producing nearly all
Of the commodities that enter into inter-
national trade is enormous. The prob
lem now Is to support these agencies TO the
limit OF their effectiveness and that re-
qulres at this time 4 moro thorough mas
terry Of the utility Of Sound, legitimate
credit than has been displayed in this
country heretofore.
Notwithstanding the proverblal willing
ness of our people to go into debt and the
vast amount of i'll judged nde btedness ex-
tant In the country, 1t remains true that
the credit resources OF the country have
never been effectively used, because never
effectively organized. Credit has lacked
mobility 1t has been localized, each COM
munity In a large degree dependent upon
Itself. The isolation OF each banking unit
has prevented the most effective use OF its
resources, and there has never been time
when there was not a large amount OF
Idle credit resources scattered over the
country. our gold reserves have not been
effectively used. The new banking organl-
zaton should do much to bring out these
latent resources.
The action proposed by the Federal
Government and by some of the States
to provide for the responsible warehous-
ing OF staple products will be helpful TO
this end, for 1t makes a local credit good
anywhere. The new system by centrallz-
ing reserves Will release in the aggregate
a considerable amount OF reserve strength
while increasing the factor of safety. Ry
thus pcrfectng It's credit Organization
and utilizing neglected resources the
United States can finance it's crops give
full employment TO It's people and accept
in part at least. its opportunities in new
markets"
The sun., 1914-09-01
WAR DANGER Is SEEN
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Republicans Warn House of
Trouble Possibilities i'm
Pending Measure.
DOUBTFUL ABOUT JAPAN
Minority Report Says Fighting
Spirit May Dominate
Island Empire.

WAsiiiNGToN, Aug. 3l.--An intimation
that the passage OF the Administration
hill cnlargng self-govcrnmcnt in the
Philippines and the promising to the Fill
ipnce of independence some time in the
future might lead to trouble with Japan,
by reason Of tho war in progress, is con-
tained in report ON the measure filed
by the Republican members OF the House
Committee on lnsular Arlirs.
The Republicans express doubt as to the
wisdom Of the passage Of the bill They
call attention to Japan's proximity to thu
Philippines and argue that no steps
should be taken looking to the rel,n-
puiShmcnt OF the archipelago until the
grave troubles In the Far East between
Japan and Germany have been adjusted
This course says the report. would
be vastly better for the Filpinus. and Is
almost imperative from the standpoint of
our own interests"
II has been planned to rush the Philip
pine Independence bill through II there Is
likelihood of Congress remaining In ses-
olsn indefinitely. but developments to-day
showed a marked inclination ON the part
OF Congressional leaders 10 get down to
a skeletonizcd programme and adjourn
as soon as possible
ITO enter upon u debate in which all
our relations a-d interests in the Pacific
would be discussed and our rights in the
Philippines. Hawaii. Samoa and Guam
challenged SAYS the report would be to
encourage disregard for our interests and
leave nations with opposing interests TO
believe the United states would not go far
In defence OF possessions so lightly re-
garded by those in cortrol Of the Govern
ment
ITO make the nations of the world be-
lieve we are anxious to get rid of the
Philippines. do not desire 10 keep them or
have little or no interest in their retention
is to invite aggression which would mean
war"
The report reproduces IA resolution
which was offered in the lnsular Affairs
Committee. which recommended sidetrack-
Ing Philippine independence Legislation
THE Islands OF Japan" the report goes
on. "Can be seen on clear day from the
Philippines distinguished Japanese
has observed that the Philippine archi-
pelago Is but cor tnuatior OF their own
Territorially we are In closest relation
with Japan, one OF the nations now at
war. stu closer are our territorial rela-
tons with Germany.
1T is true that Japan has stated that
her offensive operations would be confined
20 Kiao-chow, but why should they, from
Japan's point OF view? II, aneered by
stubborn resistance. severe losses or
pressed by an already aroused war spirit
among her people, Japan should seize all
OF Germany's Pacific possessions. no one
would be surDriSed"
The sun., 1914-09-01
MARCONI STATIONS
SEIZED BY ENGLAND
Operators Also Now Under Gov
ernment-Atlantic Service
Continues.

The British Government has comman-
deered the Marconi Wireless Telegraph
Company's four stations in Wales and
ireland and the company's $50 wireless
operators employed at those stations. The
Government will permit the Marcon COM
pany to have partial service at its sta %
ton at Clifden, Ireland. which has com
munlcation with Glace Bay, Nova Scotia
Notice of Great Britain's action was re-
ccived at the companys office In this
city yesterday,
The stations in Wales are at Boldhu
and Towyn, on the west coast and at
Carnarvon.
The Government will pay the salaries
of all the operators. The company will
be able. Of course. TO continue sending
commercial wireless messages from the
Clifden station, working under the super
VISION of Censors.
An officer Of the Marconi Wireless
Telegraph Company said yesterday n was
his understanding that the United States
will permit the diplomatic representa-.
The sun., 1914-09-01
SUMMER REsORTa

WEST NiRGINIA.-Wbite Sulphur Spring.
The sun., 1914-09-01
BRITISH AVIAT0RS AT FRONT.
Continental Forces Have 100 Aero
planes and 900 Piiots.

CHICAGO, Aug. 3l.-E. Percy Noel the
American aviation expert, cables the
Chicago Daily Ne1Cs to-day the following
from London.
The British War ONCE is showing its
appreciation Of the usefulness of aero
planes II Is reliably estimated that there
are 100 dcr0pidnes and pilot with the
British continental forces and that COO
men are attached to the aviation corps
Those with the army ON the Continent
werc taken from the famous Bruoklands
track, the living field Of the Admiralty,
the aerodromo at Hcudon.
All the recognized acroplanc manufac-
turcrS are rushing their construction Of
machines and working twcnty-four hours
day. No pupils are accepted At the ny
ing schools except ON condition that they
Will DE subject to enrolment In the living
corps after passing an examination at the
War Office
Hundreds are applying TO join the ser
VICE, but only superior men are accepted
~ is believed mat the real story of
Mrvlrc performed hN aoroplancs at the
front has not been told.
The sun., 1914-09-01

Concerning the effect of the war on the
United States the circular says "As to
the permanent effects Of the war in the
United states the subject can be dealt
with here only In summary fashion
over and beyond the obvious losses or
gains of this trade or that, the economist
sees the terrible waste OF capital and last
ing injuries inflicted upon some OF the lead
ing nations of the world He knows that
such losses must necessarily fall upon all
nations, directly or indirectly. The In
Vcstment fund Of the world Is a common
fund its growth means that mankind
Will be equipped with more effective
means of production and distribution. and
that tn" common supply of neCessarlcs
and comforts Will steadily increase, while
losses from that fund mean that this
progress Will be retarded. with savings
diminished and enormous Government
loans competing for money. capital Will
cost more In every market and for ever
use.
"lt IL estimated that England has been
investing about $1,000, 900 900 a year Of
surplus income In other countries Most
Of Il has COVE into public utilities. such as
steam and street railways water works,
lighting plants, general city improve
mrnts. Sc. but n considerable portion has
gone into industries, mines plantations,
sc. France has been second to England
In such outside Investments and Germany
third. Holland, likewise. has invested
freely abroad,
"lt is certain that the Continental
countries will need all Of their means at
home for some time to come to handle the
war loans and to rehahlitate their indus
tries when the war is over England has
a very large income available for invest
mort, but she will he Obliged to not only
finance her own share of the war but aid
her allies. Even England will he a poor
mlrN.t for outside securities while the
war lasts.
These warning countries have supplied
The sun., 1914-09-01

The National City Bank circular for
September is d particularly interesting
one. as 1t contains not only "A resume OF
all that has occurred In the financial
world both here and abroad, but also an
analysis of just what the effects OF rhcse
happenings will he and what will be the
results to the belligerents. II also does
much to reassure those who have felt
that this countrys financial position was
none too secure Que.
II Is pointed out that at tho end OF the
war the nations at strife will have less
money to invest In other lands and that
those countries which are in a state Of
development will suffer thereby Euro
pean nations will also be less ready to
purchase certain American goods than
previous to the war The countries which
will miss European investments most are
Canada. South America and other parts
of the world which are In a stage of de-
velopmen;
The bank circular says that this coun-
try will have the opportunity to take the
construction contracts In these countries.
II must be remembered however, that
this country has had to go to the foreign
money markets to finance its own con-
structivc work and that such assistance
is now cut off.
The sun., 1914-09-01

at is to be considered also that this
country has had constant recourse 90 for
egn money markets to finance its own
constructive work. II we are To GO ahead
with our own development at "a rate ncces-
sary to keep our industries busy and labor
employed "A large amount Of capital VII
have to he raised I'm this market by our
railroads. municipalities and other corpo-
rations. Already numerous instances ara
reported of the suspension of undertake.
ings TO which foreign capital was pledged
The circular. IN summarizing the ef.
feet OF the war upon Industry. SAYS that
never since tho time Il Napoleon has
there been a similar area of disturbance
and that even then the decentralization
was not so great. as international inter
ests were not so closely interlOckcd.
Ii adds
our last months letter contained no
mention II the stupendous events which
In the closing days of July convused the
industrial ana nnsncial world There has
been no sucn interruption II commerce,
no such disloCation Of international re-
lations. since international trade reached
modern proportions. II is necessary 10 go
back 20 the wars Of NAPOLEON to find "A
similar area OF disturbance nd the in
ternatlonal interests Of his time are not
c. mparable with those OF to-day Not
only have populations multiplied over and
over aPain, hut the facilities for COM
munication and transport t!on have been
80 improved as to wonderfully promote
Intercourse.
THE whole world has tended 20 become
one community. with a network u inter-
ests and a state Of in'erdeprndence similar
T. that which exists IN a single country
few weeks ago men were buying and
selling lending and borrowing contract
ing and planning. with little attention to
n tIonal boundaries, when suddenly the
entire cooperative system was dlsrupted
Raw materials We're cut or from the
factories accustomed ~ use them. FAC
tories from markets, food supplies from
consumers, and millions of men were sum.
moned from mutually helpful industries to
face each other as mortal foes An out
burst of primitive passion in remote
corner OF Europe wrecked the painfully
developed structure of modern cviliza-
tion."