davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Lambs forWinter Market

do not often feed my lambs much
grain before November the first. OF
course. however. this depends upon
the time T expect to sell them. Usu-
ally I feed for the January and Febru-
airy market.
With lambs in thrifty condition
weighing from 20 to 35 pounds l can
put them on the market in rs days.
In order to make gains for the early
winter market, lambs must be brought
to the barns at night by the first of
November and fed some small grains
in yards.
About the 10th Of November I begin
to keep them in yards and increase
their feed of grain and hay, gradually
decreasing their ration Of grass. BY
this method I have made them weigh
Is pounds more by the first of Janu-
airy than they did the first Of Novem-
ber
feed corn and oats half and half,
giving them all they will eat of the
mixture and; by December the first /
feed a quart of oats by measure and
try to have them eat one pound per
head.
BY the first Of January I feed all
corn and from one to one and one
fourths pounds per head. or as much
as they will eat up clean in a day.
They are kept in the barn all the
time except when they are fed grain In
the morning, at seven o'clock at night
and at four o'clock in the afternoon
when they are allowed to go into the
yards.
The hay is put into the racks in
doors and water Is kept before them
constantly. The one who has charge
of the feeding should be very careful
to keep everything scrupulously clean.
A 0, ChOte,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
FEEDING YOUNG COLTS.

We should allow our young colts
more exercise and feed them smaller
quantities of hay during the time they
are kept on winter rations Of dry
feed. BY feeding smaller quantities
of hay and allowing them to exercise
freely they will develop more uni
formly and come through the winter
in much better form and flesh con-
dition.
Young colts that are put in the stall
and given all the hay they will eat
soon become pot-bellied, their hair
grows longer and harsher and some
of it stands the wrong way.
We cannot feed colts on dry feed
and keep them looking we'll; that Is,
as we'll as they did when running
with their dams and having plenty
OF green grass and milk, but by feed
ing them choice hay and a liberal
amount of clean grain foods we can
obtain more uniform development
and bring them through the winter
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Hog Cholera Preventable

Hog cholera has existed In the
United States for rs years and 1t !"
safe to say that in each OF the last rs
years the farmers Of this country have
lost millions Of hogs from this disease.
It is estimated that last year approx
mately s60,0O0.O0O worth OK hogs died
Of hog cholera.
The United States Department of
Agriculture believes that success IN
any attempt to eradicate hog cholera
will depend upon the establishment of
efficient organizations by the State and
Federal Governments. which will
work together They must, however.
have the full cooperation and support
of the farmers. With the organiza-
tons perfected the idea is that when
hog cholera breaks out on the farm
It will be the duty of those organiza-
lions then and there to restrict the dis
ease to the one farm where 1t already
exists by instituting suitable measures
Of quarantine and also by the admin
istration of the protective serum to the
droves on adjoining farms. AS Is
already known, the department Is now
testing out in a few sections this
method Of combating hog cholera. In
the meantime, while the necessary In
formation preliminary to general
campaign against hog cholera Is being
secured, farmers may do much to pro-
tect themselves and help to restrict
the disease by a careful observance Of
a few simple rules, such as the follow
ing:
az Do not locate hog lots near a
public highway, q railroad. or a
stream. The germ of hog cholera may
be carried along any one of these
avenues.
(2) Do not allow strangers or
neighbors to enter your hog lots and
% not go into your neighbours lots.
The germ of hog cholera may be readily
carried in small amount of dirt On
your shoes.
(3) Do not put new stock either
hogs or cattle, in lots with the herd
already on the farm. Newly pur-
chased hogs should be put in separate
Enclosures we'll separated from the
herd on the farm, and kept under OBJ
servation for three weeks, because
practically all stock cars, unloading
ctutes. and pens are infected with hog
cholera and hogs shipped by rail are
therefore apt to contract hog cholera.
(4) Hogs sent to fairs should be
quarantined for at least three weeks
after they return to the EARN.
If after the observance of all
possible precautions hog cholera ap-
pears on your farm, notify the State
veterinarian, or State Agricultural COL
lege and secure serum for the treat
ment Of those not affected. The early
application Of the serum Is essential.
The Department of Agriculture does
not distribute this hog-cholera serum
direct to farmers. The department
produces only such serum as is re-
quired for its own experimental WORK.
Farmers. therefore, should, appeal to
their, own State officials.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Selecting Brood Sows

The best time to select the young
sow is when she Is ready to Wean.
Practical experience, both with pure
bred swine and with common swine
has convinced me that pig will show
up more plainly what it will look like
when matured than it will at another
time before it secures its growth.
Another advantage in selecting the
sows at weaving time is the fact that
they may be fed and grown in a man.
ner that will insure their future use
fulness as breeders. The sows that
are to be kept for breeders should be
separated from the others and fed
plenty of flesh, muscle and bone
forming foods so that they may de-
velop good, strong constitutions and
not become overloaded with an excess
Of fat. A great deal Of the soW's
future usefulness depends upon how
she is cared for and fed until bred for
her first litter.
Skin and bones, with the best Of in
dividuality and pedigree cannot beget
good vigorous pigs, and on the other
hand the SOW that has been de-
veloped on corn diet until her or
gans Of maternity have not properly
developed cannot be expected to bring
good vigorous pigs. Strive to keep
the sows in good flesh, but do not
overload them with an excess Of fat.
Clover alfalfa, blue grass, skim
milk and mill-feed with a very little
corn will form an ideal combination
of foods to insure the young sows use
fulness as a breeder. Ground oats
are another excellent feed for de-
veloping the organs Of maternity and
I believe that if more ground oats
were fed to young brood sows there
would be very little trouble eXper-
fenced in getting them safe with pig.
w. NJ
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
PUNISH THE SPEEDERS

The speed-crazed driver Of the auto
is to be driven from the steering
wheel. The American Automobile
Association has asked the various
states to join in a movement to pass
uniform laws regulating speed of
automobiles and to punish reckless
and criminal drivers.
The automobile has come to be a
necessity of modern life as much as
the carriage. and it's usefulness is az
great on the farm as in the CITY.
Farmers. therefore. have a deep in
terest in controlling the men who are
a constant menace to life by their
disregard of the laws and the rights
Of others.
Thousands of farmers now own
automobiles, and if they would eniov
the pleasure of riding and promote
the safety Of their families they must
Join in every movement having in
view the making and enforcement NJ
sane and reasonable laws of the road.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
ROASTERS.

A rooster IS a young fowl about full
grown. Weighing from 4 to pounds.
The most profitable age at which to
fatten them is when they are from
81 to 4 months old, as they grow and
put on flesh at the same time, and
therefore make greater gains than at
any other time. They should be fat
tened as early in the season as pos
stble for prices. as rule, are low in
the fall, when most farmers rush their
stock to market.-C. e. Brown.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
FOR WORMS IN HOGS.

A remedy which is recommended by
the Iowa station as preventative of
worms. and which IS to be kept before
the hogs at all times. Is made Of
three parts each Of Galuber's salts.
salsoda, copperas. common salt, and
one part Of flowers of SULPHUR. This
mixture must be kept covered from
rain. and can be made up in large
quantities at home, as 1t is easily pre-
pared and is cheap in cost Of mate
rails.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
THIS BANKER KNEW.

Recently a farmer in q western
state went to a bank to get his note
renewed. The money was used to buy
a reaper. And the banker asked him
if his farm machinery was in the field
where he had last used it. Upon tho
farmers confession that he believed
It was, the banker told him to go
home and house his implements from
the weather and then return to have
his note renewed. Even at that he
would consider the loan doubtful.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
THE IDEAL FARM HOME.

In the home Of the educated
farmer are found the farm books,
farm and daily papers and good mag
azines. Home is made more attract
I've when the inmates have an abund-
ance Of good reading and know what
Is going on in the outside world. It
Is rot from such homes that the boys
spend their winter evenings in the
-.illage stores, nor is 1t from such
homes that the youth comes who Is
:, ine.,, by the attractions Of city life.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
A prime native wetIler in the fleece.

older sheep. When high prices are
ruling for both mutton and wool,
wethers more than pay their way,
but when the profit they yield is
compared with that from breeding
ewes. rangemen Immediately see that
the latter are more profitable, hence
wethers are being discarded by many
sheepmen.
AS a mutton product wethers are
desired in hotel. restaurant, dining
car and steamship trade. or any place
where the comparatively heavier cuts
may be used to advantage The most
desirable weights range from IS to
ITO pounds.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

them and give the harness two coats
of this, using it freely.
When the oil has dried. sponge the
harness with luke warm water and
Castiel soap. Use the imported Cas-
tile soap, as the oil in it also helps to
soften the leather.
Harness treated in this way will
look like new and give about double
wear, and can be kept looking we'll
by sponging with the CASTLE soap fire.
quently.-A. Joseph, Genesee. Calf.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

According to recent statistics. there
are in the United States, in round
numbers. 2S,300,000 horses, mules.
ETC.; 100000 cattle, 100000
hogs and 57,5O0,0O0 sheep. If these
animals were kept in stalls or pens
throughout the year and the manure
carefully saved. the approximate value
Of the fertilizing constituents of the
manure produced by each horse or
mule would annually be $27, by each
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
GETTING THE MOST PROFIT FROM FARM MANURE
Great

handled as 1t on the majority Of
farms, only one-half of Its worth Is
realized. The greatest loss is through
the waste of the liquid excrement
by the use Of insufficient bedding
to absorb it. In addition to the great
losses due to improper absorption Of
the urine. probably the greatest
source of loss Is from teaching by
rains. Manure Is often allowed to lie
for months in the open barnyard or
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Lamb feeders have found silage
very satisfactory feed, and the amount
fed ranges from 1 to pounds per day.
Where lambs are on full feed of grain.
such as corn, and are receiving fair
allowance of hay, they will, as rule,
only consume from i to 2 pounds per
head per day.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

the teaching and washing processes
are more complete. Manure Is very
easily decomposed, and the losses re-
sulting from such decomposition fall
entirely on the most valuable con-
stituent of the manure, the nitrogen.
Many farmers have suffered with
smarting eyes when removing the &C
cumulated manure from the horse
stable. This Is due to escaping am
monia. The first evidence Of fermen-
tation Is the odor Of ammonia, which
is noticeable In the barn. especially If
1t has been closed during the night.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

in much better condition.. Pot-bellied
colts tell the story of improper feed
ing, slow growth and development,
while the colt that keeps it's baby
fat and form well during the first
year tells the story of skillful feeding
and fine growth.
Another important point to keep
In mind while feeding young colts is
to keep the managers neat and clean
and not compel them to pick over
old hay and spoiled grain foods.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

head Of cattle $40, by each hog 81.
and by each sheep 81. 1t is fair to
assume that at least one-third of the
value Of the manure is annually lost
through careless methods Of handling.
and this estimate is conservative.
Even at this figure. we have the tre-
mendous sum Of sS25,700,00O as the
annual loss in the United States. This
condition is the more unfortunate be-
cause practically all Of it could be
prevented.
The great importance Of farm
manure is not appreciated to its full
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

The truck growers Of the south are
rapidly forming associations for the
purpose of marketing their products.
All vegetables are delivered at a CEN
trail depot and are marketed by an
experienced commission man, greatly
to the advantage CT the growers.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

There is a telephone line over the
Alps, but the record elevation in this
respect belongs to the United States,
there being a farmers line at Camp
Bird, Colorado. which is $4,000 feet
above the sea level.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Ducks and geese will stand rather
low temperatures if they are sheltered
from the wind and the floor is well
bedded with clean dry straw. They
should be given their liberty whenever
they choose to go outside. Their
shelter should open toward the south.
A house of this style is a splendid shell
ter for ducks and geese and costs very
little to build The ducks and geese
run together in the house except at
feeding time. when the ducks are fed
at separate trough.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Manure is never so valuable as
when perfectly fresh, for it is i'm
possible under the best system Of man
agement to prevent all loss of it's fer
tilizing ingredients. For this reason,
whenever possible it should be hauled
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

At a steer roping contest in Wyom-
ing Hawaii captured first prizes, and
so far as known they are now the
champions of the world. islanders
have been in the cattle business for
generations and the cowboys who con-
tested at Cheyenne have been roplng
steers since they were old enough to
straddlc a horse.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

A Pekin duck responds readily to
good treatment They appreciate
plenty Of food and comfortable quar-
tiers, but they should not be fed or
housed with chickens. nor, in fact,
with any other fowls, for they are
very timid creatures and Should be
kept as quiet az possible.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

At the recent Chicago farm show.
turnips that were raised by the dry
farming method in Colorado were ex-
hibited. some Of them weighing to 8
pounds. From the same land a water
melon weighing 81 pounds and 1875
Weighing 1000 pounds were raised,
according to an affidavit filed by the
farmer.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Wether Sheep

The sub-class of mutton sheep
called wethers is composed Of mature
castrated males. This is looked upon
as chiefly a western product. Only a
small percentage Of the sheep sent
to market are wethers. This per-
centage Is small because both grow
ers and consumers prefer lambs to
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Professor w. ]. Spillman declares
that the farms have furnished this
country with 80 per cent of it's presi-
dents, 81 per cent Of its governors, 80
per cent of Its cabinet officers, 70 per
cent Of its senators and "a per cent Of
its congressman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Duck Raising

1 am not large duck raiser. but
have been quite successful on small
scale. My poultry plant Is composed
of four acres of rather low land, with
a brook running through the center
of the plant The yard for ducks.
also for hens, crosses this brook. I
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Thinning apples is an operation
which goes hand in hand with prun-
ing, spraying. cultivation and such
labor as is essential in the orchard.
and It is one which should find wider
general application in all orchards,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

The only way to keep the edges Of
fields looking as If someone lived on
the farm is to trim them every few
years. The supply Of wood must be
cut somewhere, and it should be cut
along the sides of the fields. where the
removal Of the timber will do some
good. Fall and winter is good time
to do this work.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Every crop removed from the soil
takes from it materials which have
been used in building up the plants
tissue. Soil with no fertility added
and which annually bears crop, must
- ..--~ ,,acoms oxEc""*S"' ." tH- S~0"e
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

subsidized considerable or this mate
rial remained in the trees and an OBJ
serving hen saw her chance to make
her nest in place where she would
probably not be molested.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

: Corn can be grown In the young
orchard If the soil Is sufficiently rich
but ordinarily 1t casts too much shade
for very young trees.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
NEST IN A TREE.

During the flood last summer in
Ohio a great deal Of rubbish and
straw lodged in the branches Of the
trees along the river. After the water
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
=. buyinr stock ducks get

Whe: buying stock ducks get the
best birds you can find, regardless OF
price. If possible, buy your ducks
of some one in your own locality,
providing this can he done without
getting birds that ere closely related.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01
Deep Burrows
BY Gum.

There is said to be a number of
easy ways Of making a living, but
when the real test comes mighty few
Of us remember just how the trick is
done.
Raising a crop of domestic good
cheer and contentment is very profit
able, and keeps the entire family busy
the whole year through.
If the average farmer could see his
wife's hat as her friends see it. the
milliners would do more business.
While enjoying your comfort during
the winter. be sure and remember
how grateful the mice and rabbits
are at your failure to put an en-
circling barrier of wire screen and
cornstalks about your young fruit
trees.
BY this time you can accurately
estimate the profit made by spraying
your fruit trees. It was remarkable,
wasn't it? Or didn't you spray your
trees?
1t might be a good idea to take a
look in at the country school these
days. The teacher will be surprised
but then maybe your boy Is endanger-
ing his health by over-study.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01


manure.
directly to the field and spread. This
saves time and labor and involves
handling but once. When It is i'm
possible to remove the manure at once
to the field, 1t must be properly stored.
A lean-to shed Is all that is needed
This should have a water-tight floor.
When manure must be left in the yard,
a rick should be carefully built. It
should be made so high and compact
that the hardest rain will not soak
through.
The sides should be perpendicular
and the top dipped toward the center.
1t Is advantageous to have the manure
saturated with water. but the rick or
heap must be so built as to retain this
moisture. The water must not drain
away from the heap. Build the rick
at least six feet high.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

The most desirable apple for mar
ket purposes is the average size apple.
Not too large nor too small.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Concrete floors in the barn help q
great deal in saving manure.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Keep the grit, shell and charcoal
boxes filed, also fill the water foun-
tains twice day in winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

A bad way to use good manure
Above is shown practice all too
common. Below is the same field
showing result of piling manure in
the field. The manure should be
spread when hauled. or there will be
uneven growth Of the grain crop due
to localized fertility
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

The time to wean pigs Is when they
reach the age of eight or ten weeks.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Every farm should have hotbed
for early vegetables. g..
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-01-01

Alfalfa is the prince of drought ~
sisters.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-24

my belly says Belgi, m, or I'll tl-a
your leg off when | Get ready 'TnIt5
20, fair says France. Take that, y,u
snob,' handing Germany hot one III
the snoot. 1 hate a scrap says Eng
land, but can smash the jaw of the
guy that slaps my friend You don't
hate it worser than / do says Japan,
IS she squares off for a hand in the
game. Wei, | guess you started it,,
anyhow says Wilhelm to Nick. Just
then everybody begins to yell, You
started it YOURSELF and each on ,
sticks out his tongue at the othe- - :
low and . oll sen and the Re
fellows be5 II 10 lance around W. c.
ms for a ;I'acr - 81 in a punch AID
Jun. And there you are"
The Oklahoma editor may not have
put it in as dignified diction as others
have done, hut he gets there just the
same.