The Hartford republican., 1914-10-09

aroused the jealousy of Napoleon iii
This was further inflamed by the at
tempt of the King of Prussia to plac,
a Hohenzollern upon the vacant
throne OF Spain. The King of Prus-
sia, however, withdrew the candidacy
of Prince Leopold. Peace then might
have been maintained, but Count
Bismarck, the Kings chief adviser,
did not hesitate in his anxiety to
bring about a rupture, to mutilate
telegram from the French govern
ment. before presenting IL to His
Majesty. The mutilated telegram so
enraged King William that when
Benedict. the French ambassador,
waited upon His Majesty for a reply,
the latter turned his back upon him
and refused him an audience. War
was declared by the French Emperor.
Bismarck was ready. France was
not. Prussia with her German al
lies brought into the field 1000
men and over 1000 guns. While the
French were mobilizing, Prussia and
her allies crossed her frontier. The
surrender of Sedan, the captivity of
Napoleon. the fall of Metz, the occu-
patton of Paris, and the fall of the
Empire followed I'm rapid succession.
France was beaten and exhausted.
The new German Empire was pro-
claimed in presence of the assembled
princes of Germany, in Versailles
near Paris. January 13, 1871, and
the King of Prussia was elected May,
1871 France agreed to cede Alsace
and Lorraine to the German Empire
and to pay an. indemnity of 5,O0O,-
100000 francs. Thus ended the Fran
co-German war of 1901. leaving
behind it a legacy of hatred and re-
yenge.
The Russ-Turkish War.
Since the days of Peter the Great,
NurSid hdS btth ioohfhS Win
ing eyes upon Constantinople. When
Alexander l., met Napoleon on the
raft in the Nieman. to discuss the re-
construction of the map of Europe,
Alexander was ready to concede any
thing for the possession of the cap
ital of the Eastern Roman Empire.
The Russian Empire is Slavic, Tur-
key in Europe was Slavic. The ag-
ency by which Russia wrought was
to foment discomfort among the
Slavic subjects of the Porte to en-
rebellion, and then to inter-
vene to protect them. This policy
brought on the Crimean war and the
Russo-Turkish war of 1871.
France was Just beginning to re-
cover from the terrible disaster of
1870. The sympathy OF Great Brit
ain was alienated by the Turkish
massacres known as the Bulgarian
These conditions gave
Russia a free hand. The passes OF
the Balkans were forced. Plevna was
stormed and only the appearance of
the British fleet in the Dardanelles
prevented the occupation of Con-
The Treaty of San Stef-
ano conceded the independence of
and Servia, legislative and
autonomy to Bulgaria,
and a measure of autonomy to BOs-
MIA. besides the payment of large
indemnity. Almost all of Turkey in
Europe was thus lost to the Ottoman
The Great Powers who with Tur-
key had signed the Treaty of Paris,
which put an end to the Crimean
war intervened. They held that the
status of Turkey was European
question, that Russia had no right
to determine this in her own exclu-
sive interest, and that the Treaty of
San Stefano must be submitted to
the revision of the powers which
signed the Treaty of Paris. Hence,
the Congress of Berlin met in 1878,
By the Treaty of Berlin, the prin-
cipality of Bulgaria was cut in half,
the part south of the
Balkans remaining with Turkey. Bos-
MIA and Herzegoyina were given to
to administer in behalf of
the signatOries of the treaty. The
cities of Kars and Batoum in the
eastern part of the Black Sea were
given to Russia. and Russia was con-
firmed in her freedom of the Black
Sea. from which her war vessels had
been excluded by the Treaty of Paris.
The Great Boer War.
The Transvaal Republic was found
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