Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-08-19

| of the assault. Some state that a
| feud of the old country is again
| breaking out by members of the Alu
clan and the band headed by Orcini.
was Plus X viewed. And while there
might have been disappointment, there
certainly was surprise.
EncycIicaI on Modernism.
A highly significant pontificate had been
begun. Out of sail the encyclicals that
have come from the Holy See in decades
| It was generally conceded that the con
demnation of modernism by Plus X. was
the most far-reaching, the most sweep
ing. This encyclical was issued on Sep
TENDER 8, 1907, and three years later an
other order, renewing the condemnation
| and laying down precise laws regarding
| ecclesiastical and secular studies, was
sent out. There was an instant stir OF
all so-called advanced thinkers, and Plus
X. was arraigned by many preachers,
professors and publicists as an enemy of
progress aud of scientific thought. The
man they described as the simple parish
priest was not moved by the onslaught.
He took the position that the new sect
should not be tolerated. He realized that
prominent men in his own fold were
among the leaders, and some of them,
when brought face to face with the ulti-
matum of Plus X, recanted, while others
left the church.
The Pope laid down rules for study.
He declared: I'VE will and ordain that
scholastic philosophy be made the basis
of the sacred sciences. 1t goes without
saying that If anything is met with
among the scholastic doctors which may
be regarded as an excess of subtlety or
too carelessly stated; IL there is anything
that does not square with later dis
coveries or which is altogether destitute
or probability, we have no desire what
ever to propose 1t for the imitation OF
| present generations"
| As for modernists who were found as
! directors or professors in seminaries of
| Catholic universities the Pope had this
| to say:
Anybody who In any way is found
! to be irnbued with modernism is to be
excluded without conjunction from
these offices, and those who already
occupy them are to be removed. The
same policy is to be adopted toward
those who favor modernism either by
extolling the modernists or excusing
their culpable conduct, OF by criticising
scholasticism and the holy fathers or
by refusing obedience to ecclesiastical
authority or any of its depositaries; and
| toward those who show a love toward
| novelty in history, archaeology, Bibli-
cal exegesis and, finally, toward those
who neglect the sacred sciences or ap-
pear to prefer them to the profane."
The Pope ruled that in the future the
decorate of theology or canon law
must never be conferred on anybody
who has not made the regular course OF
| scholastic philosophy. He enJoined the
| bishops to prevent writings with a tinge
of modernism or favorable to 1t from
| being read when they have been pub
lished and to hinder their publication
| when they have not. mo book or pa
per or periodical of this kind must ever
| be permitted to seminarists or univer-
| sity students" he ordered. He further
forbade secular priests, without the pre-
vious consent of the bishop or ordinary
Of the diocese, to undertake the direc-
ton of papers or periodicals.
The encyclical made 1t a law that the
Individual professors before beginning
their lectures at the opening of the year
shall present to the bishop the text they
propose to use in teaching or the ques-
tons of these which are to be treated.
Further. that the professor shall take an
oath before his bishop. This Is lengthy
oath and embraces a denunciation of the
tenets and principles of the Modernists.
The effect of this encyclical has been
felt in all Europe and In the United
States. 1t came like a bomb, and the
shock was all the more intense because
of the mistaken notion that the former
patriarch of Venice was as unassuming
and conventional as n country priest.
vatican and ouirinal.
On becoming supreme pontiff there was
of course some real curiosity shown as
to the attitude of Plus X. in his rela.
lions with the ouirinal. 1t was figured
in some quarters that the new pontift
was kindly disposed toward the Italian
government, and that as a result the
breach which was made in the Porta Pia
and by which was effected the overthrow
of the temporal power Of the pope back
in 1870 would be filed in and all differ.
ences between the vatican and quirinal
settled amicably, but Plus x. followed
the example set by flo Mono and Leo
XIII.
He refused to recognize the law OF
guarantees which had been passed by the
Senate and chamber of the Italian Par,
lament on May 10, 1871, and concerned
the prerogatives of the Holy See and
the relations between church and state
in the kingdom of Italy. Among the
stipulat lions were The pope's person tc
be sacred and inviolable, that he be
treated with royal houors and that he be
given an annual endowment of 3225, 0O(
lire, or S622, l25, to cover all the needs OF
the Holy See. This law was not recog
nized by Pic Mono or by Leo XIII, AND
the endowment has been accommodating an
nually, 1t is said, since the law wal
passed. Plus X. did not draw on the
funds, and he did not take advantage
Of the assurances of military protection
He shut himself up in the vatican after
the example Of his two predecessors ant
remained a voluntary prisoner.
It was further stipulated that the vati
can and lateran palaces as well as th'
villa of Castel Gandolfo were to remain
the property Of the pope. Several year
ago 1t did look as If Plus X. would leav,
his palace and yeture out to the eountr,
place at Gandolfo, which is regarded a
papal territory. The popes health wa
in bad condition, ........-.-s..........ls.