Arizona republican., 1914-02-23

respond more readily to good care than the olive. Seventy or more varieties have been tested out but there seems to be only three that are now generally recom- Mission, the Manzanillo and the Ascolano.
 The Mission being preferable to all other varieties. Propagating is done now principally from tip cuttings that are started under glass. Plants six and one-half feet high have been grown in twenty months from such cuttings. After the cuttings are well rooted they are set in the nursery until the proper season for planting in the orchards-the best time being from February 15 to April 15. For orchard planting set trees 30 feet apart. This requires AS trees to the acre. Some annual crop or decideOus trees may be planted between the olive trees. In many instances enough has been grown to more than pay expense until the olives come into bearing, which is us ually the fourth year. Enough olives 1 have been grown on four-year trees to more than pay for operations for the year. Another good plan is to plant the rows of olive trees 40 feet apart and : the trees 20 feet apart in the row. Plant peaches or apricots 20 feet apart 1 between the olive rows and cut them out at the end of ten years, and at the end of 15 years cut out one-half of the olive trees, leaving them 40 feet apart. The peaches or apricots may require irrigation water at a time wher the olives do not, and visa versa, is why this plan of planting is recom- mended.
 Plant 50 per cent of orchard to Mis- sion and balance to Manzanillo, alter nate rows The Ascolano yields wei here. However. the fruit is inclined to ripen too early and get soft. Th, skin is very thin, consequently the Der ries are very easily bruised Whel picking drop in pails containing water
 The packer prefers the Mission olive It is more easily cured, holds a darke color, while the Manzanillo has a littl better flavor but not so dark in color Olive trees are in full bearing whel ten years old and Will continue to bea from two to six tons per acre so lon as properly cared for for 75 years a least. In Italy there are profitable oliv orchards over 100 years old.
 There are three elements which ente largely into the composition of tn olive: Nitrogen, for the production ( wood; phosphoric acid, fruit produc J ing agent; potash; a fruit quality agen Note the analysis of the ashes of tn fruit: potash 54.O3. limel 5.72. magnesi 4.3S, sulphuric acid 119 silica 5.5 phosphoric acid 73O phosphate of fro PA, chloride of potassium 956 Tn ashes from the wood contains 6s.b9 ( lime; the leav 561S. From this 9 will naturally be inferred that so suitable for olives, shouldk be heaVil impregnated with these elements W find the soil of the Salt River valle suitable for olives, excepting u
 adobe An over production is prac tically impossible for no other count, in the world can compete with the Ar 6 zona and California ripe olive. Bl for wholesomeness the Arizona oliI leads.
 Note the composition of the ril olive: Water 65.1, protein 5.7, fat 25. carbohydrates 3.7, fuel value per pour 1.201. The food value of the importt green olive may be compared with much well favored wood pulp. P If New York City consumed many olives per capita as Los Angel
 il would require five times more oliv
 than are now grown in Arizona al
 California to supply that city alone.
 A full bearing orchard well cared f,
 planted 4S trees to the acre will n
 the grower from $2OO to $500 per acl 5 The olive industry is practically in
 infancy and there is no fruit that
 more certain of good retHrnsSni.
 One olive orchard the past season
 the Mission variety produced 315 to
 per acre and the crop was not a hea
 one
 The following minimum yields 36 fruit may be expected from the four
 year after setting in orchard: Four
 year A ton per acre, 5th year F tC
 9th year 1 ton. 7th year IF tons, s
 year A tons; 9th year ? tons and fire
 the 10th year to tons per acre.
 A good combination for 40 acre tra
 of land is, set 20 acres to olive a 21 plant 20 acres to alfalfa. Buy mil
 cows to take care of the 20 acres
 alfalfa. This will give a sufficient i come until the olives come into bearil
 Two men can do all the work vt
 nicely on such propostion.
 One man can care for 20 acres
 the above plan, plant 10 of the, 20 06 olives and have an income suffioit
 for an occasional summer vacation. 97 One great redeeming feature of IF olive tree is: if we should be short 30 irrigating water for one, two or ey .61 several years, the tree would still Ii .S4 while most all other fruit trees wo .53 die down.
 or I Nothing could add more to the be; .69 ty and prosperity of the Salt Ri "A valley than to have it dotted over W SO To- 20 and 40 acre olive orchards