davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14

first administration OF General Grant.
I never knew the reason why, but l
was told by the newspaper corre-
spondents al Washington that Colfax,
although originally he had been q
newspaper man. had in some way
gained the i'll will of his constituents.
The politicians learned that General
Grant was Indifferent to the selection
by the convention of a candidate for
Vice-Presideut. The fact was that
Grant and Colfax. while maintaining
studiousIy courteous relations. were
not very congenial. Some of General
Grants friends thought that ColfaS
had presidential aspirations
"All this is preliminary to what
am about to tell you. When the Re-
publican national convention met In
Philadelphia in the spring of 1872 to
nominate the presidential ticket, there
was no excitement, because Grant $
unanimous denomination was as
sured. Some of the correspondents
went around among the politicians
and intimated that it would be Jus'
as well If the convention did not re-
nominate Colfax. They were asked
who would be a good candidate. Will
son had made himself very popular
with the newspaper men. He was
man of simple manners, of frugal l1fe
and a great reader of newspapers. He
was also warm friend of General
Grant. The newspaper men suggest
ed that Wilson's nomination would
prove to be very popular. The poll
ticians took that view, and Wilson
was nominated, / think to his own
regret. He would have preferred
seat In the Senate. When he asked to
whom his nomination was to be at
tributed he was told TO your friends
among the newspaper correspond
ents.'"
(Copyright, 1914, by E. j. Edwards.
All rights rescrved.)
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14

The Printers Ink bilf' for the
regulation of advertising, prepared
originally by the Printers Ink Pub
fishing Company. has now been
passed by twenty States, eight of
which (Ohio, Washington, Rhode ISL
and, Minnesota, North Dakota, New
Jersey, Nebraska and Louisiana) have
adopted the model bill verbatim. In
the other twelve Connecticut, Indi-
ana, Iowa. Maryland, Massachusetts,
Michigan, New York, oregon. Penn
sylvania. So1th Dakota, Utah and
wisconsin, the model bill has been
amended by the addition of the word.
knowingly" or willingly" which
materially weakenS the measure. The
bill has been passed by the Legisla-
ture but vetoed by the governor in
Maine and Colorado, defeated by the
Legislature in Virginia, Missouri.
California, Kansas and Illinois, and
unfavorably reported by the commit
tee in South Carolina. This bill was
Endorsed by the house of delegates of
the American Medical Association in
Minneapolis in 1913. 1t is short but
effective, providing that any person or
organization making any false state
ment in advertising any goods for
sale shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
A bill similar in intent but different in
phraseology has been introduced into
the House of Representatives by Mr..
Kreider, of Pennsylvania. This bill,
known as H. r. 11o16, makes it mis-
demeanor for any person or organiza-
ton to knowingly make or dissent
nate any statement concerning the
quantity, quality, value, merit. use,
present or former price, purpose or
motive of a sale of any security, mer-
chandise, articles, commodity or SER
vices. or concerning the method or
cost of production of manufacture of
such articles or the manner or source
| of purchase of such articles that enter
| into interstate or foreign commerce
| which is untrue or calculated to mis-
lead. Mr. Kreider's bill also includes
the weakening word, knowingly"
presence of which makes II necessary
| TO prove actual knowledge on the part
of the advertiser in order to secure
conviction. The adoption of the
Printers Ink bill or its equivalent by
Congress and by all of our State
| legislatures will mean new era of
/ business honesty The Journal of
/ the American Medical Association
says, in a recent editorial, that It Is
i primarily interested In securing hon.
est methods and products in its own
peculiar field, namely, that of medici-
nal preparations offered for sale
lcither 70 the medical profession or tc
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14

To the Editor of the Evening Star:
I have read the letter Of Frank
Boettner, ESQ.,, which appeared in your
issue of the I'd inst, in which he
states his belief that it is not essential
that the Office of surrogate be filled
by lawyer.
I am surprised to learn that a prac-
ticing lawyer entertains such views,
for feel quite certain that Mr.. Boett-
ner stands practically alone among
the members of the bar of this State
on that issue. | do not believe 1t
would be exaggeration to say that SO
per cent. of the lawyers of New Jer-
sey are of the opinion that the duties
of the office of surrogate are of such
judicial and legal character as to
make it desirable and advantageous
that it's incumbent should be a
lawyer.
I fully agree with Mr. Boettner
when he says that the laymen who
have held this office were capable and
successful business men, and 1T is no
doubt quite true that they rendered as
much and as efficient service In the
office as any layman could. But 1t
does not follow from that fact that
competent lawyers could not have
rendered even greater and more effi-
cient service therein.
Does Mr.. Boettner mean to argue
that a layman in a legal office is
preferable to lawyer? If Mr.. Boett-
ner's argument is sound the governor
should select laymen instead of law
yers as judges of our courts; the
judges might then select lawyer
who would be known as the deputy
! Judge, to do all of the work which re-
! quired any legal knowledge Of train
ing, leaving to the judge only The task
OF occasionally attaching his sigma
ture to official papers. This represents
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
NOW FOR THE LINCOLN HIGHWAY.

1t has been estimated that two hundred millions
of American dollars have been left along European
thoroughfares every year by American tourists, a
large proportion of whom motorists, who took
their to scatter their country's wealth
in foreign lands For years to come the goberotting
American automobilist will have little nducement to
visit his favorite pleasurng regions. The wheels of
heavy artillery will have made plowed fields of the
Wanted good roads of France and Germany, and
the beauty spots of the Old World will be scenes of
desolaton.
Now is the time for every American community
along the line of the projected Lincoln highway to
complete its section of the road. Scenery, climate,
every requisite for touring, excepting good roads, is
what our land can offer from ocean to A
broad, smooth highway from the Atlantic to the
Pacific will be the best of all incentives to carrying
out the motto, See America first"
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
Against Third Degree"


The upper house of the Georgia
Legislature has set splendid exam
pie in the passage of bill making
the third degree unlawful 1t al /
ways was and is unlawful, for the
matter of that, but 1t has become a
part of the systematic lawlessness
which the police of the country in
duge in. Stated simply it is a self
constituted inquisition which. in
secret, endeavors to extort from the
prisoner-before trial--an admission
of guilt. Every kind of mental tor
ture and anguish is used to wear the
victim down or confuse him into any
kind of confession. Sometimes physi-
cal torture is used, In case that
happened here the prisoner remained
obdurate before his inqulsitor, when,
as prearranged, the latter said, look =
ing beyond the prisoner: Don't hit.
him!" meaning to convey the impress
sion that a policeman stood behind
him and was ready to hit him on the
head with club. II was all true ex-
cept that there was no intention or
hitting him. 1t was meant simply 10
brighten him. 1t succeeded, IS
That Is the kind of thing that goes
on at all police headquarters in secret
all over this country. And we call
this a land where a man has a right
to a free, impartial and unintimidated
trial in court, with an attorney as
signed for his defense In case he is
too poor to hire an attorney Such is
the meaning of the third degree" 1t
Is lust as unlawful as the proceedings
| of Mexican bandits, and quite as bad,
| for policemen are supposed not to be
bandits, but officers of the law. The
| French law provides for an inquisi-
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
MAINE VOTING TO-DAY.

The first test of the political sentiment of the coun
try in Maine today where State election is in
progress AS four Congressman to be chosen, the
issues national well State, and the temper of
the country generally will be judged by the results
It will be seen to what extent domestic politics
have been affected by the European war.
Maine is naturally Republican State. With the
Progressive vote eliminated the State would almost
surely go Republican today. Democratic de-
ponds not administration policies, but the size of
the Progressive vote, which is to be the deciding
factor. The election of Progressive candidate will
be great surprise The choice of four Republican
Congressman will not be surprise.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
WASHINGTON LETTER
BY VICTOR ELLIOTT.

ton to leak out in order to mislead
the enemy? 1t would appear so, and
the practice possibly explains why
newspaper reports are sometimes un-
reliable. This quotation from the
United States regulations is signiti-
cant:
UNLESS instructions have been given
to spread false information. all per
sons connected with the military ser
vice are forbidden to discuss the mill
tary situation. plans, movements, etc.
with, or in the presence of civilians
of any age, sex. or nationality"
How is it that during the present
war we have received reports of
skirmishes between rival troops of
cavalry previous to big battles?
Because the cavalry troops were
doing reconnaissance duty. A recon-
naissance Is a wS-gathering eX-
pedition-a military term used to
designate the work of troops or in
dividual scouts when getting line
on the enemy" On this point the
regulations say:
mo matter what other sources OF
information may be available, recon
naissance must be depended upon to
obtain the information upon which
should be based.
st Is provided that in forces OF the
strength of division or larger the
airship squadron must operate, when
possible, in advance of the cavalry in
order to locate the enemy and keep
track of his movements, and 1T II
emphasized that contact with the
enemy once gained will be main
tanned thereafter continuously.
"F'rom the efforts made to secure
information it Is easy to understand
why the censorship is so rigid when
nations are at war. Postcards, let
ters. private communications of all
kinds, kilograms of officers, soldiers
foreign attaches, newspaper CORE
spondents and all others to be dis
patched from the theatre of war are
subject to censorship, and the censor.
who is usually under the immediate
supervision of the commander of the
field forces, has the right to suppress
any statement which might be or
value to the enemy.
when defeat, the humiliation "f
his forces or even national security
and honor may be at stake, the COM
mander will not allow the censor to
take any chances. In this age or
wireless elegraphy-when it is pos
sible for spies to retelegraph detailed
newspaper dispatches - intelligent
readers will appreciate the fact that
they must content themselves with
delayed and fragmentary reports so
long as the need of secrecy out
weighs every other consideration
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
NEW NEWS OF YESTERDAY
The Man the Newspaper Men Made Vice-President

| The late Isaac II. Bromley, who for
many years was q leading editorial
writer Of the New York Tribune and
was also of national reputation by
reason of his great gift of humor
and the utilization of that quality In
his editorials, visited Washington IN
the spring of 1884 There was meet
ing of one of the military organiza-
lions whose membership was made up
of those who took part as soldiers u
the Civil War General Mcclellan was
present upon that occasion, and the
fact that he had added to his mill
tary fame the civil honor due to his
election as governor of New Jersey
was alluded to by Mr.. Bromley. In
the course of these meetings ! had an
opportunity to have a little chat with
Mr.. Bromley, whom / had known for
many years and whom | remembered
as the provost marshal of the Eastern
District of Connecticut at the time
the draft for Union soldiers was in
operation.
In some way our conversation
turned upon Henry Wilson, who died
when serving as Yice-President OF
the United States in the second adj
ministration of General Grant.
Mr. Bromley said: Il don't suppose
there was ever a more curiously acci-
dental nomination for Vice
than was that of Henry Wilson. He
was among the leaders of the United
States Senate. He had just been re-
elected for a third term. He was
quite as prominent as Charles Sum-
ner, who was his colleague, and very
much more popular. He had been
writing a history of the rise and fall
of the slave power in the United
States. and his seat in the Senate
facilitated this composition.
Schuyler Colfax. as you will re-
member. was ice-President in the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14


Since the European began with the invasion
of Belgium by the German army the story of the
has twice changed In its first aspects in Belgium it
was unfavorabe to Germany. Suddenly there came a
change. The allies were hurled back into France and
then began the impetuous German advance and sue
cesson of brilliant victories that seemed to settle the
tate of the French capital
It was when the Germans in sight of the
Paris Notifications that the second change The
German army began to give way first on wing and
then the other, and finally in the centre until the
whole army was giving ground and facing away from
Paris The silence of Berlin seemed to confirm the
French and English dispatches.
But swift changes of fortune characterize all wars
as every student of warfare knows From the netle of
defeat many military commander has plucked the
flower victory and retreat has often accomplished
victory Our own Civil War is striking illustration
OF the fact that defeat only inspires greater determine
ton and effort and may indeed be the means of ult
mate success.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
Murray Replies to Boettner

the situation as to the surrogates or
fee of this county, which has existed
for several years past
It Is Well-known that several of the
county offices, including that OF sur
rogate, have for many years past
come to be regarded merely as politi-
cal prizes, with the generous salary
out of all proportion to the value OF
the services rendered. The oppor-
tunity is now at hand to take the Of
| flee of surrogate out Of the category
| of SinecureS and this can be done
only by selecting a lawyer for the
, office, who will do the work. Among
the candidates seeking the office are
lawyers familiar with New Jersey
practice, who are willing to give to
the citizens of this county in that
office the benefit OF their knowledge
and training Is Ii not, therefore, in
the interest of economy and efficiency
to select a lawyer for the office? In
other States the office of surrogate is
regarded as judicial one, and the
laws of several States provide that
the incumbent must be a lawyer
Even in this State and county it has
been thought necessary to have a law
| yer in this office until comparatively
recent years. l believe that not only
should our surrogates be lawyers but
that they should be appointed by the
governor, as our judges are, and
| believe it is quite likely that the dis
cussion which this campaign has
aroused will bring about that result.
| 1t seems to be the logical conclusion
that lawyer is better fitted to give
more efficient service In this office
than a layman, no matter how worthy
the latter may be, nor how successful
as a business man,
1 Id, r.,
this some space in your valuable
medium, 1 am, very truly yours,
| FRANK J. MURRAY.
J September IL, 1914.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
COOPERATION TO FIGHT WAR PRICES

What cooperation can do to fight war prices is
being shown by Mother Munro, who conducts a
neighborhood house in the Kensington district of
Philadelphia With the aid of other women interested
in solving the problem of living cost she has opened
cooperative meat and grocery store, where pro-
visions retaed at wholesale prices Housewives
focking there to buy goods in some cases at 40
per cent. under the regular market rates.
This enterprise is not purely cooperative, as it is
prohtless, and therefore, phanthropic But 1t shows
how the principle of cooperation works in cutting out
excessive middlemen's profits, and what this woman
is doing for housewives they can just as well get
together and do for themselves. Her mission is
educational.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14

to return. 1t is said that Mrs. He
mans had been something of a beauty
before this, but after this episode her
beauty left her. An EXPRESSION Of
constant anxiety and annoyance set
tied on her face and robbed it of its
former good looks. But in spite of
this trouble, and in the midst of many
motherly cares, Mrs. Hemans con-
tinued to write, and during the next
few years of her life many of her
most popular poems were written.
Mrs. Hemans did not live long to
enjoy her celebrity, for at the aRa
of forty-one she died. At the time
of her death she was the most cele-
brated of all English women poets
Like many of England's most eelc-
brated writer's, Mrs. Hemans passed
a life singularly free from interesting
events She had never been outside
the British isles in her life, and never
visited London except for a short
time in her early childhood. The only
event of her life outside of her unfor-
tunate marriage was a visit she made
to Scotland. where she met and Wis
tied Sir Walter Scott, and another
visit to the English lake country.
When Scott parted with her he said
these words, which Mrs. Hemans ever
treasured:
There are some we meet and would
like ever afterwards to claim as klth
and kin, and you are one of these"
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
Noted Women Whose Birthday Is Yours
SEPTEMBER II
Felicia Dorothea Henans
BY MARY MARSHALL.
Felicia Dorothea HeI11a'
Copyrighted 1914.

Felicia Dorothea Hemans, once the
foremost of English women poets was
born 121 years. ago today in Liverpool.
She was one of a large family Oh
children who were brought up in mod
est circumstances in a middle-class
English family. The chief advantage
in the circumstances of their carry
wears was in the house in which tney
dWelt, which was rambling. roman
tic-looking secluded seaside place III
Wales. Felicia had little educatloll'
but she listened eagerly to the ro-
mantle and interesting stories tolu
her by the Welsh natives among
whom they lived. With her brotners
and sisters she passed Childhood IN
a sort of imaginative realm OF chilo-
ish fancy These imaginings Felecla
attempted to weave into stories When
she was still little girl and seVera,
of her childish attempts at prose anu
poetry were published A reviewer
criticised these attempts so seVerely
that the disappointed child passed
many days in tears and several years
passed before she was willing TO pup
lish anything again.
At nineteen Felicia was marrleo 10
Captain Hemans, and she remalneu
with him for seven years. Meantime
five sons had been born, and then tne
captain, for no reason that has ever
been made public, left his wife never
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14
SHOULD STAND PAT ON MEDIATION

Before the European combatants fairly to
blows the proper time for the United States to
offer itself mediator, and that time chosen.
President Wilson's tender of good Offices is still open
leaves to each beigerent the decision to when
avail itself thereof This nation and its individual
citizens should stand pat that proposition 1t needs
no renewal. Repeating the offer of mediation to any
one of the fighting powers, unless asked for may be
justly resented Just it is both too late and too
early Peace enthusiasts who holding meetings to
urge interference by administration embar-
RAISING their government and violating the spirit of
American neutrality. is~ 81, t21-
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1914-09-14

WASHINGTON, Sept. 14.--What is
the short name for the titanic struSsie
that has enveloped the greater par
of Europe and that may spread 10
every other quarter of the globe? =,
That question cannot be answered
until the leading newspapers of the
world agree upon brief and APP
propriate descriptive term.
six Powers War" has been sug-
gested, but that will not do: because
at the present writing there are signs
that ten or more nations may be-
come involved if the war continues
much longer.
"tJniversal War is another sugges-
ton. That is too broad; there being
nothing TO indicate that the South
American countries may be drawn
into the conflict. As his own con-
tribution for the benefit of true his
torians the writer offers the term the
"Kaiser's War"
Why is the censorship so strict?
Because successful strategy the
science of warfare) depends to large
extent on surprise, and surprise de-
ponds on the ability of the rival
military and naval commanders to
conceal their plans while they deal
the foe one or more unexpected and
deadly blows.
How do the commanders gather in;
formation in time of war? According
to the field service regulations of the
United States army military informa-
ton may be considered under two
heads-that collected by the general
staff in time of peace and that OBJ
tanned by troops in the field after the
outbreak of hostilities.
The former relates to geography,
resources and military strength OF
the various nations. The latter re-
lates to the position, strength and in
tentions of the enemy in the field. and
the regulations say, ''fs absolutely
essential to enable a commander t.
properly estimate the situation"
AS all first-class powers pursue
practically the same tactics, the fol-
lowing from the latest edition of the
American Field Service regulations is
Illuminating:
Information on the field is obtained
from various sources-higher COM
manders, letters, telegraph files
prisoners. deserters, spies, maps and
reconnaissance. An efficient secret
service is organized as soon as prac-
ticable.'
All information having any relation
to the enemy or a prospective scene
of operations is sent TO the intelli-
gence section of the general staff OF
headquarters of units larger than 8
brigade. There the information is
weighed and classified.
Do commanders ever allow informa-