Evening journal., 1914-04-16

Negative" (N). Affirmative" (Y),
or "Interrogatory' (Q). followed by
Interval" give corresponding mean
ings to the following signal.
Receiver acknowledges Attention"
whenever made, also Repeat" etc,
and end of message, when latter is
understood.
II letter or numeral occurs twice
or more times in succession, swing
one or both flags to front and then
back to position for each successive
letter or numeral.
While awaiting for Acknowledge
ment or in case Of delay, remain at
Interval"
The numerals are the first ten let
ters In order.
The special meanings are generally
represented by their initials, e. g.,
Negative" n.
Opposite letters: A and G, B and f,
and L, II and q, and X, and p, X
and V. o and w, NJ and S, and Q
and Y.
This information is all from the
U. S. A. Signal Book, 1912. revised 10
March, 1913, and is correct and Of
fetal.
The next requirement on the list for
the second-class degree is signalling.
seconded class Scout is required To know
the alphabet and conventional signs in
either the scmaphorc or international
Morse code. This does not mean simply
the ability to send them in alphabetical
order. but means being able to read them
as they are sent to you in amy order at
lall OF course second d-cass Scout Is
mot expected to receive messages with
lany great speed. but he must read with
accuracy. And right here let it be said
THAT accuracy should always come first
/ in SIGNALLING. II is no advantage TO
get off a message az high rate Of speed
and have the fellow at the other end not
liable TO read It. Practice with accuracy
as the first aim in view and gradually
work up TO the high speeds There are
two systems of signalling in general
use, or rather two codes, the semaphore
and the international or continental
Morse. The first indicates a letter by
lone position of the flag or flags or of the
arms of the semaphore machine, while
THE Morse il a dot and dash system. The
dots and dashes may be signalled IN a
number of different ways. the most com
lmon method used by Scouts being the
lwigwag, a wave TO the right indicating
n dot and a wave to the lett a dash A
Scout should know the advantages and
disadvantage of both systems and when
to use them.
The semaphore is much more rapid
than the wigwag and should be used
for all short distances where rapid sig
Mailing is essential. AT longer dis
tances. unless the semaphoro machine
lis used, there is difficulty in reading the
LETTERS. In these cases il is advisable TO
use the wigwag We will take up the
semaphorc system first. The semaphore
flags should be made OF orange CLOTH
eighteen inches square. with a square
scarlet center. nine inches ON side, OF
should be scarlet with an orange center.
They should be mounted on light stats
about two feet in length. Great care
should be taken in using them TO hold
the stats so as TO form prolongation
Iof the arms. To call up the other sta
ltion. extend both flags in the r position
land wave them up and down between
the II and L position. This "chop chop
signal Is known as attention., Attel
calling attention" for short time, sig
nal the call letter of the station called
+ Repeat this until answered. The answe
, lis made bv signalling attention" tol
/. llowed BY the call letter OF the statiol
lcaIled. Both stations then make inter
wal" bv crossing the flags downward n
front OF the body tiust above IN
kneesi The sender then signals hi
, message. The proper order OF sending
, a message will be taken up in anothe
! lesson after we have finished both tn
/ semaphore and Morse codes. Should tn
sender make an error, he signals "at
, ltontion" followed bv interval an
! then repeats the word in which the er
! ror occurred. Should the receiver b
, unable TO read the message. he break
in bv signalling attention at whicl
I the sender stops sendipg. II the re
lceiver wishes the last word repeated h
, signals "R." followed by one interval
o lor bv "A" To have the last sentcnc
4 repeated he signals 'R,' followed b,
two Intervals" while "R' followed b.
three Intervals means to repeat tn
= last message Should he wish the mes
, sage repeated after the last word tina
q lhe was able TO receive, he signals TX,
!, followed bv "intcrval,' and then th
last word that he got down. Shoul
q 1.-The receiver wish the sender TO wait
: minute before going on, he signals "at
:, ltention." followed by two or more lin
: ltervalsn The end Of word is signi
y Gcd nv one interval" the end of sen
tence bv two Intervals" and the end o
Ii message bv three "intervals." In sig
/. mailing bv the semaphorc method, b
\ lcareful not to slur over the motions q
run them together in an attempt
e make speed, as this is fruitful sourc
: of error. Both arms should move RAPID
, ly and simultaneously, but there shoul
= he perceptable pause at the end q
. each letter before making the moN'
: lments for the next letter BE very care
= = ful to have the angles exact, SO tina
- there can be no confusing a II and