davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
FRANCE DECLARES WAR.
That Turkey Has Forced
situation by Hostile Acts.

PARIS. Nov 5.--Despatchos from ro
deaux say that the following declarat lon
Of war against Turkey has been pul
lished
"The hostile acts OF the Turkish 20.
against n French steamship. causing o..
death OF two Frenchmcn and serious dam.
age to the ship. not having been f,,'.w,
by the dismissal Of the German naval
military missions, the measure wher.h.
Turkey could disclaim responsibility. tn.
Government OF this republic is obliged p.
state that as a. result OF the action NJ
the ottoman Government n STAT. ~ w.
exists between France and Turkey
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
BLAMES YOUNG TURKS.
Chcrtf Pasha, who Helped Dethrons
Abdul Hamid. supports Allies.

BORDEAUX Nov. 5,-Cherif Pasha
former Minister OF Pious Foundations in
the Turkish Cabinet. one of the leaders
IN the revolution which dethroned Abdul
TIamid who was eXiled 10 France for
some time, has telegraphed Premier Vivi-
AMI protesting against what he calls the
latest act OF folly OF tho Committee of
Union and Progress (Young Turks
Cherif Pasha, who Is a graduate OF St,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
GREECE rs NEUTRAL.
bulgaria No Mobilization Il.
Ordered.

LONDON, Nov THE Bulgarian GOV.
eminent according to the Ttmos corrs.
spundent at SOFIA, has received fprint.
assurance that the Greek Government .g
determined to maintain neutrality and has
,fralncd from ordering q mobilization
The Servlan Minister at Sofia the d.,
Patch continues. has announced that Ser.
via will offer Bulgaria her moral suppor'
II Turkey attacks bulgaria No friend,
advance has yet been received from Ru.
mania.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
GREAT BRITAIN FORMALLY
DECLARES WAR ON THE TURKS

Cyr Military College, the French West
Point. says.
II am firm In tho conviction that
express the real sentiments Of my com
patriots. who, | trust, will quickly see
where Turkeys true interests lie and
win revolt against the band Of assissns
who are dragging poor Turkey to ANAL
ruin"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06

became known that Turkey had virtually
Joined Germany against the allies
In return for this nanifestation Tho
Turkish representative invited the poop
to sing with him the German patriot,
song "Heil dir i'm Siegeskranz"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
GERMAN OFFICER HELD.
Had Plans for Blowing Up the sueE
Canal
Special Gable Despatch 10 rHr srs

Special Gable Despdtch 10 THE SIN
LONDON. Nov. "a despatch from
Alexandria, Egypt says German oiii-
Ger named Mors has been arrested by the
Egyptian police on his return from
Turkey Plans were found on him for
destroying the Suez Canal with dyna-
mite, A Court-martal sentenced him to
Imprisonment for life
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
NO WRECKAGE SEEN.

SANTIAGO. Chii- Nov 5-Ths only
news OF the sea battle of Sunday night.
I'm which the British were defeated IL
SIN from German sources. No British
warship Ia known 20 havo entered a chill
'an port ard TO Grcckage has been found
on tho coast.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
GERMANS CHEER TURK.
tmba ssador NJ berlin Leads Crowd
In German Song.

Special Gable bSspotch 10 THE suv
BORDEAUX, Nov. b.--According 10 the
Munich NdchTchton, the Turkish Ambas-
sador at Berlin was cheered by a crowd
which surrounded the embassy after It
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
Continued from First Page.


through difficult roads for distance
Of nfty-three miles IN thipty hours.
encountered the Turks at Mvssoune
and Diyadin (about thirty miles west
Of Bayazid. capital OF the Sanjak OF
BayazidD. We dispersed n large body
Of kurds and occupied Diyadin. where
We took munitions OF war and many
prisoners. on November 3 We occu-
pied Bayazid. where we routed the
Turkish troops, who resisted strongly.
Activity In Persia.
Tho news from Persia indicates that
German and Turkish influences are
strongly al work Salared Dowleh, pre-
tender TO the throne. has announced him
self openly ms Germanys candidate for
the ru,ership Of Persia. Reports from
Tahris say that the Turkish Minister
there has been arrested and that the
German and Austrian Consuls have taken
rtfugo In the consulate of tho United
states All classes OF Persian society
are aroused by the action OF Turkey.
according to a despatch to the BourSt
Gnsette Of Petrograd.
The despatch says that the German ana
Turkish Ministers have been doing every
thing in their power to bring Persia
into active participation In the wal
against Russia and England. II seems
though, that the Persian people are
divided. as, indeed. Is the case even IT
Turkey.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
Henry Morgenthau,
u. S. Ambassador to Turkey.

thority to start the rcfugees away. Mr..
Morgenthau psced the British who
to leave Constantinople under an
obligation which they are not likely to
forget His staff also labored with willing
ness and sympathy.
The French school and hospital authori-
Ties arc especially grateful to MIR. Morgen-
than. who hoisted the American flag over
the French Hospital at Constantlnople to
insure It's safety.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
TURKSGAPTURE SHIPS.

BuCHAREsr Nov Two Russian pss-
senCer steamers in the Black Sea hav.
been captured by Turkish warships. Tho
passengers and crews were forced to take
to the boats and then the vessels were
sunk
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
u. S. MARINES IN BEIRUT.
Land From the North Carolina 20
Protect mericans.

Special cable Despatch 10 THy srN
ATHENS Nov. 1.-The American cruiser
North Carolina arrived yesterday at BE
rut where she is landing marines TO pro
tect American citizens. particularly In a..
American College there
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
Bomb Dropping Aircraft.

The chief effect achieved by the BONN
dropping aircraft, he says. IL moral
one He adds
ut may be said, however, that ~ the
future shows that attack from the SKY In
effective and terrible, AZ may prove TO ne
the case II is evident that, Ike the ram
Il must fall on the just and the unjust
and. IL may be supposed. Will therefore be-
come taboo to all civilized people and Tor
hidden at least by paper agreements
Commenting on the action of Congress
In authorizing this year the increase OF
the aviation section to sixty officers ana
2sO enlh .ed men Gen, Scriven says;
THE Importance of this measure, the
effect OF which IL to create hying corps
for the army. cannot be exaggerated. Tor
existing conditions show that whatever
may be the conclusions drawn ms TO the
use of aircraft for offensive purposes in
warfare and as to the Importance OF the
diriglble there can he no doubt oi the
value OF the aeroplane In r"pid and long
range reconnaissance work and OF Its
power to secure and transmit by radio
visual signals or direct flight Information
OF importance to armies In the fled.
80 true IL this that 1t seems probable
tho aeropane, and TO some smaller degree
ALI aircraft have altered. not the prin-
ciples of strategy but the theory and ap-
plcation of grand tactics
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
Aircraft in Offence.

THE use Of aircraft for these pur-
poses cannot be open 20 the charge OF in
humanity and cruelty, but as 10 the ser
vic" and value of aircraft In offence
much doubt remains, except whore an over
head attack upon troops can be made
effective. a condition that probably does
not often arise, although many isolated
instances OF Its value In attack are cited,
when used in general destructive work
against non-combatants. dislike to this
method OF attack must always exist A
fire sown broadcast upon the earth or
employed under conditions which make
specific aim useless is at least distasteful.
But beside this feeling It now appears
that as weapon capable OF injurlng the
enemy by the dropping OF bombs and other
missiles little ~ importance has been
proved.
I'm reality little In known OF this power
OF aircraft, though much is guessed and
moro is feared. 1t Stems probable how
ever, 10 judge from existing conditions.
that tho effect Is largely moral and that
physical results heretofore obtained have
been far too meagre 20 warrant the cost.
effort and risk called upon TO produce
them.
Tho proved efficiency OF Are ~ small
arms and guns from the ground at air
craft operating al elevations below 5000
feet under usual weather conditions COM
pels flying at such great attitudes, espe-
cially by the dlrigibe. that the reaching
OF the selected object by falling projectiles
becomes improbable.
Attacks heretofore have been impotent
or 20 wildly irregular as to harm any
thirg rather than the object sought II
may later be shown that aerial offensive
fights, especially in conjunction with sea
operations, may prove important, but II
Is useless TO prophesy. and believe the
only safe conclusion at this time regard
ing the value Of aerial offensive In the
verdict not proved
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
Value a. a Tactical Agent.

Cen ScNven IL doubtful or the oHehs'Ve
powers OF the aeroplane and dirigible.
bur declares that the use Of aircraft IN
scouting operations and assisting artil-
lery has worked a great revolution In
the theory and application OF grand tao
tics.
II has made impossible. he says the ola
time surprise movements and brilliant
strokes by enterprising Generals, and mas
brought the operations completely under
tho eve OF the commanding Generals
Gen. Scriven believes the day OF the
aeroplane ns factor in military opera
tons is Just dawning. OF the value OF
the dirigble he IL doubtful, and suggests
that the United States Government do little
with dirlgibles. except IN the field OF eS-
periment, until Congress Is approprauns
very literally for aviation in the army.
startling feature of Gen. servers
report is his discussion OF the use OF arr
craft for offensive operations. MS re-
marks while unquestionahly representing
rho views of the United states mlltery
service, can hardly be pleasing 70 the Eu-
ropean belllgerents VINO have trlea 10 use
dirigibles extensively on the OFFENSIVE
Gen. Scriven declares that "disllko must
! ALWAYS exist" to the use OF aircraft IN
general destructive work against non-com-
batants. "A fire sown broadcast upon the
! earth" he says. "or employed under con-
/ ditions which make specific aim useless IL
| at east distasteful.'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
MYSTERY IN
NAVAL BATTLE
In THE PACIFIC
Only News of Conflict OFF
Chilean Coast Comes
From Germans.
no WRECKAGE SEEN:
BRITISH DOT BTFUL

VALrARAtso, chile. Nov. There has
been no confirmation whatever Of tho
statement 10y German naval officers that
a British squadron was virtually de-
strayed IN tho nava. battle off Coronel
last SUNDAY night. The statement that
tho Germans gained "a victory IL not
doubted. of course, but there are unac'
couutablc features connected with the
event aud the whole affair is somewhat
of a mNst'rl.
The only news Of the sea battle in
which the German cruisers Scharnhotst.
Gueis,utu Bremen. Nuruburg and Leip-
sic a., reported TO have overwhelmed the
British cruisers Good Hope. Monmouth
and Glasgow. IS stil from German sources
uuly. british cuusuls and agents have
had no information nor has the news
roachcI uoutrals so far as can be
learned here.
80 British warship is known TO have
,ntrre Il chilean port, II - stated by
chilean OFFICIALS Tho German Admiral
had reported mat tho Glasgow and the
irnu.pu.t Otrauto He'd to a Chilean port
ana Ncr, supposed 10 bc interned No
wr,rklgc has driftcd ashore along tho
coast. apparently. There is a report to-
En, that q wireless message from the
cruiser Glasgow vas intercepted yester-
day. Th. Glasgow was calling for the
GOOD Hope, which did not reply
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
They Are the Eyes by Which Battles Are Now Fought
Declares the Chief Signal Officer of the
United States Army
AEROPLANES ARE PREFERRED TO DIRIGIBLES

to either commander the character. the
location and general disposition Of oppos-
ing forces.
"lu addition 70 the influence now ex-
erted by aircraft on ground operations,
events now appear to show that It's value
In more detailed operations is great and
may Increase in the future 10 enormous
proportions
1T Is now well established that the
accuracy, value and rover in warfare OF
field and siege artillery have been gre atty
Increased by this agency, and II may also
be said that battles are fought by means
OF the eyes OF the aviator.
at should be self-eyident that the same
Ia true OF the seacoAst and land FORTH
cations. SO clearly has this been shown
that there now appears n noticeable
change In artillery tactics Instead OF tho
old fashioned system 81 range finding by
experiment, the exact range IL now found
with the help Of acrhplancs. No doubt
artillery ire direction has been enormously
increased In accuracy by the aeroplane.
and Infantry FIRE largely improved In
efficiency by the same means.
But besides influence OF this character
he aeroplaue has undoubted use in the find-
ing OF concealed positions. in the location
of ships at sea or Mt anchor within
defcnces possibly In the detection of sub
marine mines. and certainly in the enor-
nous increase Of efficiency given TO fire
and In many other details OF observation.
But the useful. approved and most
important work OF aircraft Is probably 70
be found chiefly in reconnaissance and
tho collection and Transmission OF irfor-
nation In the theatre OF military opera
tons; for this reason aviation must be
recRoned with as a vastly important
branch OF the Signal Corps of the army.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06
An Open Ga me.

at now appears that the actual game OF
war is played openly with cards laid on
the table and opportunity Is no longer
given FOR Inference as to concealed move
ments or for surprise, perhaps not even FOR
the exercise OF the high military quality or
anticipation Of the unseen movements or
the adversary
at Is now recognized that the possible
ity of brilliant and unexpected blows and
surprises by enterprsing commanders has
been largely eliminated from modern
operations of war by the information sup
piled by aviators.
at IL proved that tho modern aircraft
Laws open to the field Of mental view the
whole of the immediate theatre OF war
and that the commanders view reaches
far beyond the actual limit OF vision OF
troops.
The aircraft, sees and indicates the
larger operations OF war and points out
TO the slowly moving troops on the ground
not only the points to be attacked or de-
Tended. but to recOnnalssa troops. es-
pecialy tho cave, the objective 10 be
sourht, the localities to he searched and
the character of information 10 he OBJ
tanned.
"Ry no means does tho aircraft super
sede, nor can It ever supersede detailed
information which can be acquired only
by close observation, by contact and ny
development OF the enemy's forces and
positions. This Is the work OF troops In
the field; but the aircraft does indicate
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06

Another feature which Il causing in
1uIrN concerns the Two German cruisers
that ild mot pu' into this port. the bremen
.rI gin, fcip-i. Tn" German officers
stated that tu"y were hloykad!ng chilean
mort INTO which the GLASGOW and O;ranto
fcd Inquiry develop, that neither ~ tho
small cruisers has been sighted along TINS
coast
Tho Scha-uhorst Gneiscnau and Nurn-
ncre left her, yesterday at noon. Before
,hrIr . uarturp officers of the ic"t sald
hat the, mad been aware ~ the Intention
" iNc Eri'.sg e. unit" In Conception Bay
whore th, GOOD Hope had been awaiting
tho Monmouth. Glt-rnw and the transport
~ T. VI last sunday the British ships
sighted tine Germans and attempted To
alter their course. apparently with the In
ten''ou II avoiding an unequal conflict ana
of taking refuge I'm neutral waters The
Germans blocked tho mlnpuvre and forced
3 battle. the fleets attacking tn parallel
line the Germans nearest the coast
Those officers say that the Scharnhorsi
and tho ,iua.senau concentrated their fire
IN the Good Hope. and that for several
minutes tho firing was ineffective the
German shells falling short and the GOOD
Hone rolling 50 heavily that accurate aim
was impossible f,r her gunners Gradu-
ally the fleets drew together and at 5000
Yards the Good Hone attempted 70 settle
the action with her % guns She was
unable 10 use he. six inch guns. because
~ ahe rolling which frequently made the
gun deck awash.
Tbc Good Hope In Flames.
Finally the concentrated fire OF the
Scharuhorst and Guelsenau crippled tn"
Good Hope. Hcr engines were wrecked. an
explosion occurred and she was seen TO
ne In flames. She disappeared at 1880
T.. NJ, heading westward
The Monmouth. which had been far
separated from the Good Hope, attempted
to cover the withdrawal OF the flagship,
1It the German cruisers attacked her to-
gether and sank her very quickly. Mean
while the Glasgow and Otranto, both dam
aged mad run Tor il and had escaped In
the gathering darkness.
The Nurnhurg searched until daylight
for the Good Hope and unable To find her,
concluded that she had sunk. The Ger
mans say that the Monmouth had no time
TO lower small boats and that they could
not go TO the rescue because OF the heavy
sea
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-06

wAsHrSdroS. Nov. 5.--The frHt official
OF tho effects which the opera
tons in the war in Europe are likely to
have upon the military establishment OF
the United states are contained IN the
annual report OF Brighten George T.
Scrtven. Chief Signal officer Of the United
states. under whose direction aviation is
being developed In our army.
Gen. scriven's discussion OF the lessons
10 be learned from the use Of aircraft
in the war is very frank. II Is UNDER
stood that Il Is based largely upon the
report OF Lieut.. Col. Samuel Reoer' IN
charge OF the aviation staff OF the Signal
Corp. who was In Europe Mt the out
break Of the war and was enabled TO learn
much about 'he demonstrated usefulness
OF the aircraft.
The recognition. though tRrdy. by Con-
gress last session OF the need for larger
aviation corps in the United states army
was wise. IN the opinion OF Gen. scriven'
and moro than justified by tho operations
O, the aviators in the war In Europe
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-10-24
TRAVELLING MAN
IN ROLE OF HERO
Moe Lehr of New York City
Saves Guest of Davenport
Hotel From Drowning.
OCCURS AT FERRY LANDING
e. Harrington Of New 5rita1, Conn.,,
Falls From Barge and is Swept
Under the Dock.

Moe Lehr, travelling man of New
York City. played a hero role at s:15
last evening when he saved f. Har-
rington. who is stopping at the Daven-
port hotel, from a watery grave in the
Mississippi river at the ferry dock at
the foot of Eighteenth street.
Mr.. Lehr was on his way to Daven-
port on business. The ferry boat was
on the Davenport side at the time. He
noticed Mr.. Harrington standing on the
north side of the dock on this side talk
ing to two ladies'. He had his back to
the water, and was balancing himself
on his heels. All three were laughing
heartily over some joke, when he sud
denly lost control and toppled over
into the water. The stream at this
point is very swift and he was sucked
under the dock and disappeared. The
two women screamed and one of them
nearly tainted. AS sool as Harrington
appeared on the surface. Lehr had the
presence of mind to loosen the rope at
one of the posts on the barge, and
threw 1t out to the drowning man. Har
rington is a large man, weighing over
200 pounds. and he nearly pulled Lehr
in with him as the later was Juggling
away at the rope. He succeeded in
getting the rope around Que of the
large spools at the edge of the barge
and gradually towed Harrington in.
Taken to His Hotel.
Soon after Harrington nad been res
cued ether Messengers arrived at the
barge. but the two women and Lehr
and Harrington were alone at the time
Of the near tragedy. Harrington. !
drenohsd to the skin. was taken to his !
hotel by Lehr. where he secured dry 1
suit of clothes.
Harrington is from New Briton, |
Conn. and Lehr is travelling agent for /
4 New York manufacturer. Friends of /
Lehr in the tri-cities are hailing him as !
A hero today.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-10-24
State Librarians Elect.

Springfield. ILL.,, Oct 24.-Delegates
to the annual convention of the ILL.,
nois Library association went on rec
ord yesterday as favoring the adoption
by the state of a plan by which all
Libraries connected with the state may
be placed under one management.
In the election of officers the librar-
ians chose Mrs. NJ. E. Ahern OF Chi
cage president of the association
Others elected were:
Vice President - Miss Ida Wright.
Springfield
Secretary-Maud A. Parsons. Joliet.
TreasureT-Mary J. Booth. Charles
con.
Members of Council - Miss Efiie
Lansden. Cairo: Henry <. Legler. Chi
cago.
The convention adjourned without
a convention city for 1915.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-10-24
NO MORE RIDING
ON THE SIDEWALK
Bicycles Must Be Driven on the
Street for Police Plan
Vigorous Campaign.

The riding of bicycles on sidewalks
in this city must cease. Reckless driv-
ers OF the two-wheeled vehicles have
caused bruise after bruise TO pedes-
TRANS in the residence section OF the
city. when they found the sidewalk
more adapted as a speedway than the
pavement
Complaints have been made Of not
only the youth OF this city. but even
the older men in this respect, and the
police have received orders 10 watch
closely for offenders.
There is an ordinance which makes
it a misdemeanor for a bicycle rider
to traverse the sidewalks and IL the
guilt is established II is punishable by
a fine. \ vigorous enforcement of this
law is looked for and II is anticipated
that the number of complaints in this
regard will cease.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-10-24
THIS FALL BEING
UNUSUALLY Mild
Old timers Say That 1t Is Indi-
cative of Cold Winter, but
Officials Do Not Predict.

This fall has been an unusually mild
one. and. according to old timers, a
mild fall is indicative of a severe cold
winter. Thus far there has been
neither a frost nor a light snow.
Last year on Oct. 20 this city was
visited by light snow and the latest
arrival of frost On record previous to
this year has been Oct. II. 1882.
While the older citizens shake their
heads and say that We have a hard
cold winter before us. as a result of
this mild fall. officials at the local
United States weather bureau state
that they cannot say about that. They
say there is nothing upon which they
can base any such prediction unless
Il would be that nature always has a
TO equalize. But they make
no prediction as TO the severity OF the
winter.
During bie present autumn there
has been two or three wet periods and
accompanying each was n chilly spell.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-10-24
LOCAL MEN FAIL TO WIN
FROM CHECKER CHAMPION

Newell W. Banks. worlds checker
champion. displayed his usual skill last
evening at the meeting Of the Tri-City
Chess and Checker club held in Room
~ in the State Bank building. Mr..
Banks was not defeated and the best
the local talent could do was tie with
him. c. X Arnold and William McLain
each playing one tie game. Banks
played ten men at one time. and play
cd blindfolded in one OF the series.
Mr.. Banks will play again tonight. He
is on his way to Kansas City, where he
will meet Alfred Jordan for the cham
pionship on Nov. Is. A. w. Valentine
OF this city will referee the match.