The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-09-13
,continued from Previous pnge.)

turned to France and the King thereupon took possession of Rome.
 Under it's new constitution the German empire began most auspciously. In time BismarclSs high protective tariff was adopted, and it has had great part in the encouragement of German local manu- facturers and the industrial revival, which was also facilitated by progress in science, especial yapplied chemistry, the rise of the merchant marine, and the de- veiopment of the export trade.
 Another Bismarckian triumph was the triple alliance, the union of Germany, Austria, and Italy, of which so much has been heard at the present day A long fight with the socialist party, which in various forms had been asserting it's doc trines, was not so successful. The party, although often torn by internal dissen- sion, made steady increase in it's yoting strength, and the old chancellor had often to regret the suffrage which he gave in the constitution. This party developed many able men from the days of LaSalIe to the present time, and in the Reichstag and out the leaders have kept the govern ment almost constantly on the defensive Not repressive laws, not prison cells, have been able to silence it's orators or stop Its many printing presses.
 The war now going on, however, has demonstrated that both in France and Germany the socialists have put country before party
 During the period following the war in France great trouble occurred among the mixed people of the Balkan provinces Herzegovina had revolted against the Turks, and the coreligionists in adjoining states had aided the rebels Turkey itself had revolution, and within a year saw three sultans mount the throne Bull garian Christians killed some Turkish officers, and this was followed by massa- cres which shocked the whole world. The revolutionists were joined by Servia and Montenegro in a war on the Sultan. and to make 1t unanimous Russia and Rou- mania entered the lists against Turkey fin 1877. A bloody struggle, lasting II months, ensued. A large army besiezed Plevna, but could not take it by assault. so strongly was it fortified and so auly defended by the Turkish general, Osmau Pasha. He had to surrender, however When Adrianople fell the Sultan gave up
 Treaty of Berlin
 The treaty which followed extended Che Bulgarian border south to Greece and gave Independence to Servia, Rou. mania and Montenegro. but Greece pro. tested and Servia objected to Bulgaria advantage, while Roumania proteste, against what Russia was taking frou her. So new treaty was drawn d Berlin. This gave Servia, Roumani; and Montenegro their independence o the Sultan's rule, but cut greateIs Bul garia in three leaving Macedonia |, Turkey and East Roumelia and Bull garia still under Turkish dominion. bu seIf-governing. The Sultan was [, confirm the prince selected by Bulga ria, and he was to pick a Christian governor for Roumelia.
 Russia took a part of Armenia ans retained that portion of Roumania il Bessarabia. she had coveted Roumani; had to be content with some swamp, country at the Danube mouth. Epiru and a part of Thessaly went to Greece Austria got the occupancy and admin fstration of Bosnia and Herzegovina which have proved to be contributing cause of the present pan-Europcal struggle.
 The results of the treaty of< Berlil satisfied none of the interested parties except Austria. Russia never forgav' Bismarck for his part in depriying he of what she considered her share of thu spotls, and indeed. from then on sh