davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

our disappearing weapons IN theh un.o
placements or the mortars IN their p'e, 49,
prt becanse NJ the relatively low initial We
Ioeity which our military rifles give their shehs
these projectiles cannot break their way 'hf'us"
the armor defenses OF a dreadnaught wheh .ne
latter IL lying at q distance OF more 'nah 49,
yards What, then, Is the reason TOT th's sae'r
fee? Merely that we may use DISAPPEARING
carriage for our guns-a hobby OF long standing
with our war department, and one that perhaps
did not invite the same national risks before inc
days Of director firing and the advent OF the range
finding air craft fitted with wireless telegraphy'
We begin to understand now why Colonel zoe
thals has objected to air craft making spectacular
Journeys aioft above the Panama defences lie
did not want a possible enemy to know Just where
guns are to be placed.
The question often asked, What country Is to
benefit most In commercial way from the puid-
ing Of the canai' can be answered In only one
way. II Is our own country. the United states.
that will receive the greatest benefit
While II Ii true the greater part OF the ship
ping Of the world Is British-owned. or, at least,
sails under the British flag and that undoubted-
ly the ereat majority OF the ships that traverse
the Panama canal win be Of British register, yet.
so far as commercial development goes. II Is We
who viii profit most largely from the increase
In the trade between our Atlantic, Gulf and Pa
cinc coasts. and from the promotion Of wider
export markets for the manufacturers and pro-
ducers Of our Pacific slope. well as the fur.
ther development OF foreign trade for the older
industrial communities OF our eastern states.
Direct shipments Of lumber from Pacific coast
states TO Europe will be immensely facilitated:
the trade In fresh fruits, particularly Washington
and Oregon apples. rs well as business In frozen
salmon, canned salmon and canned fruits In gen
eral, will undoubtedly be largely promoted by
steamers that will ply direct between Puget
Sound. Portland. San Francisco. Los Angeles and
San Diego TO England. France and Germany. Il
Is probable. too. that Pacific coast will benefit
by largely increased immigration from Europe
In direct steamers, obvatins the long transconti.
mental railway journey.
Speculation rs to how other countries will
benent from the canal. In fact. as to what meas.
ures other nations are expecting to take to secure
advantages from the canal. IL pure xuesswork.
and opinions are OF little value
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

the jacket or outer cylir der. gave way releasing
the breech bushng. carrying with II the breech-
block. As this accident caused considerable COM
ment in the public press. indicating a possible
general weakness In our seacoast defense guns,
the following facts in reference thereto are pre-
sented:.
''The weakness resulting In the accident was
found to have been due to the presence OF q cut
made In the jacket TO accommodate part OF the
breech mechanism. II arose from notifications
In the design with view to reducing the weight
Of the breechblock. thus increasing the speed OF
operation" The trouble due to bad design.
and the gun In question was not even loaded with
a full service charge at the time OF Its failure.
On March OF this year another gun--one OF
I2inch caliber and typical OF the best Of its sort
burst at Sandy Hook According to the news
accounts a new high explosive was undergoing
test and the weapon blown to ribbons. scat.
tering the shattered pieces over sea and land
within a radius OF a mile and driving the breech.
block. which weighed 1000 pounds. through a
solid concrete wall behind which lurked n
OF 10 men," Was this explosive a propelant that
the army counts upon using ut Panama. The ex.
plantations OF the cause Of the disaster must be
taken with a grain OF salt. but the consequences
to tho weapon are facts that speak for them.
selves.
The accident TO the 1tinch gun In December.
1919. was the result Of an effort to save weight.
The army ordnance designers have carried this
matter Of reducing weight beyond the detail OF
the breechblock ana not Tor the purpose OF IN
creasing the speed OF FIRE SO that the guns would
be more nearly comparable TO the naval weapons
with which they might have to measure forces.
The actual bodies Of the rifles have been lightened
that the mechanical problem OF raising and
lowering them upon their disappearing carriages
would be susceptible OF an easier solution. The
naval gun Ia pnrposely made heavy and mounted
upon a wonderfully compact and sturdy carriage.
80 that II can Withstand the intense energy de-
veloped by the powder which sends the shot upon
its journey with the velocity needed to carry II
far and upon a fairly low trajectory.
True tho intense flame Of the burning propel.
liant and the pressures developed shorten the life
Of the rifle pro tenn. hut tho CUR be
habiitnted In a short while by refining II with q
new tube. This wearing away of the rining is
due 10 what the experts call erosion. II your
enemy ID willing TO take this risk Of temporarily
shortened life In order to make his weapons for
the nonce more formidable. can you afford to fall
behind him. Remember. modern battles are Of
short duration. and the sea hght Of tomorrow
win be even briefer than those between the Jap
anese and the Russians Of ten years ago The
object will be to hi hard and quickly.
Now read how differently the chief Of ordnance
Of the army views this vital question.
The advantage In greatly Increased accuracy
life predicted In my report Tor the year 1905 I've
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02
INTERNATIONAL.
SOllDAYS01O0L
LESSON
LESSON FOR OCTOBER 1
CHRIST AMOUNTED ron BURIAL.
(By Y. 0. 6ELLERS. Director Sunday
School Course. Moody Bible Instituea.
(,hicaRol

LESSON TExT--Mark N:i-iL
GOLDEN TExT-Shs hath done what
she could. Mark N8
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02
QUIET.

The Old Fosy 10 always Dragging about his
quiet homo life" said the Crouch. Il ate At his
house last night with his family. and never again
for mo-"
what's the matters Wasn't Il ouiet," sahs6
Abe Boob.
Quiet" said the Crouch Il managed 10 cit
through the soup and celery overture. and tAss
went cat anl stuffed cotton IN Nv cara"
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

Unemployed Throns City Of Vienna.
venice-A graphic picture OF condi-
lions of life in Vienna is revealed In
the official statement OF the mayor OF
Vienna that his city is supporting the
families of $4,000 reservists at a daily
cost OF $50 900. and in addition Is en-
dcavoring to provide for 100000 un.
employed and another 100000 fugitives
from Galicia and the crown land OF
Bukowina. For the fugitives the city
up to September rs had expended
100000.
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

uknts with i5-inch guns She already has
arsd s,a. "apons anoat. She has provided kin
~ , Ines Tor vessels built for Japan Indeed.
the lf-inch gun appears among thesa o,a,, %.
,oesn services. The Krupps have made for the
navy and also for alien powers weapons
OF I+inch and i5-inch caIiber. and even the 10.
nen guns Tor the dreadnaughts Of the fatherland
80, 'ne nnest character measured calber for
.anoer win either our own naval weapons or the
defense batteries ~'"''
Every one knows that the modern battleship f.
wonderfully coated with defensive armor and This
iace-hardened and tonghened steel Ia quite able
to Withstand the attack OF the heaviest proiec.
tile ut ranges outside OF 10000 yards when the
shell is hurled from naval rife with bore Of
the same number Of inches In diameter M the
protective plating IL thick.
Accordingly. the naval gunner has been taught
to hit target at ranges Of $4,000 yards and IN.
ward. and the precision OF this nre has grown
steadily year by year.
or late the naval weapons have been undergo
Ing rapid changes The 12-inch guns have grown
progressively In length In order to give them
greater power to send their armor piercing pro-
1ectiles further and with heavier hitting qualities
at all ranges. Not content with this. these weap-
ons have given way to the i35.inch. the It.inch
and. lastly TO the f5-inch rifles. and. In turn
these different calibers are undergoing modnca.
lions calculated 10 make them extensively moro
effective. The destructive energy Of a shell nj
any point IN It's ninht IL dependent upon Its initial
speed at the instant II leaves the muzze OF the
gun, This must be so because from that very
moment It's velocity dwindles gradually. and Its
ability TO innict a stunning blow Is determined
by the square Of It's speed through the air, That
Ia. the rate OF IS travel In feet per second multi
piled by that rate.
The natter the line Of travel Of q projectile the
quicker Il reaches Its mark. the more direct the
aiming, and. incidentally. the greater the area
zone Of danger TO any object Of q given height
standing In this dire path. Also. too the smaller
the error likely 10 result from \ moderate mis-.
calculation Of the exact distance OF the PARKWAY
target. knowledge Of the tactics q baseball
nch helps one 10 appreciate the significance Of
these details Therefore II In easy 10 understand
why the naval ordnance expert gives his proiec.
tiles high an initial velocity n possible. and
accordingly. why he puts the weight and strength
IN his weapon N he does
On December o. 1919. an accident happened At
Sandy Hook which has q bearing. and an intimate
one. upoa the Panama defences. for ths Eun In
question was one OF . type designed especially
for service on the isthmus. and represented at
the time the very climax Of the art Of our army
ordnance sxperta Here 10 what the ofnciai 70
port Gays Of that catastrophe: "Durins the proof
Aslng u one Of the now types of i$-inch guns st
~ Sandy Hook growing ground The rear end Of
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

0~lk y Whost In NershweW eoss'
Portland. Ore.-Through . neavy
buying movement. presumably BY Tor
eign interests. vast quantities Of new
crop wheat have been taken recently
In oregon and Washington. 50 heavy
have been the purchases that from
10 to GO per cent OF the total crop ID
estimated TO have been already dis
posed Of at q date on which In other
years the buying movement has hard.
" begun. In well informed circles ths
total purchases are said TO aggregate
roundiy 100000 bushels In Oregon
and Washin~ ann
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02
Fovrtsen Billions wars Yearly cost

Fourteen 6iiiiors Wars Yearly Cost
Paris-Fourteen billion dollars 10
the yearly cost Of the present war.
according TO the German expert, Cap
tain Henke. The cost to Germany and
France, each with 100000 men. Il
ut at s2,SO0. 100000 each, while the
cost to Russia. with 100000 men. II
put at $500, 000, 900.
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

range OF Ei,oVV s"uS
they are capable OF
planting shells loaded
with high explosives.
which, IL falling within
the uncovered emplace-
ments OF our disappear
ing guns. would put
out OF action any OF the
army's biggest weap
ons. Further. the naval
rapid-fire five-inch guns
can accomplish we'll
nigh the same impair
ment OF our land de-
lenses from a distance
OF $4,000 yards. An
enemy's rifles would be
equally effective, and
all because Of the ini-
tiaI velocity given the
projec:iles, and the
fact that they have not
TO battle with armor
plate In order to reach
.,.n.I am
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02
French rrsaey is Approved.

Buenos Ayres-The senate approved
unanimously the arbitration treaty
with France. which was signed BY
representatives OF the two govs1.
ments last July.
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

are quoting from the report for
1919 from the adoption OF q
large caliber, low velocity gun.
IN lieu OF one Of smaller caliber
and high velocity, with equal
armor penetrating power. has
been realized in extensive mr.
ings made with a service l4.inch
gun. The results in firing 123
rounds from a 14-inch 2,l50feet-
per.secord gun indicate that It's
accuracy life will be approx
mately four times that Of the
l2.inch 2.500-feet-per-second gun
which 1t was designed to super
sede."
This would be all very well II
we we're concerned with the
question OF target practice at
reduced powder charges and the
peace time life Of our coast de-
Tense rifles, but. unfortunately,
those weapons are designed to
protect us In time OF war.
Our naval 14-inch rifles have
a muzzle velocity Of $500 feet
per second, and at the extreme
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02

tnss COAST 10 the relfeY.
and likewise the dan.
gerously prolonge d
journey for our wound.
ed craft limping home
ward for rehabilitation.
Internationally. the
army has got Q heavy
burden to bear at Pana-
ma. More than S2,500..
900 has been spent for
guns and carriages
alone. Do the avail
able facts bear out tho
claim that the ap.
proaches 10 the canal
are impregnable, Arc
the guns and mortars
that have been built es.
pecially for those bat.
teries capable OF deter.
ring q resourceful ana
n determined foe,
Great Britain has
equipped some Of her
The Dolores star. [volume] (Dolores, Montezuma County, Colo.) 1901-current, 1914-10-02


out playing second fiddle to our dread
naught squadrons?
In the last report Of the chief OF ordnance Of
the war department, there Is the following brief
paragraph:
"The issues OF iinch guns disappearing car
rfages; 12inch mortars and carriages OF the latest
type. and sx-inch guns on disappearing carriages
will begin shortly for the coast defences Of the
Panama canal. II Is expected that . large part Of
the equipment win be installed in the future
Since this report was made some of this work has
been done
The military soIons long ago adopted axiom
which declares: The defensive only avoid
defeat; II cannot win victory" That is to say
the sea coast batteries designed primarily to
hold hostile fleet afar. and even to do this the
iand guns must be more powerful and OF longer
range than the rifles aboard the hostile squadrons
should we have trouble in the Pacific the integrity
OF the canal would play an important part for the
Duk OF our injured ships would have to return to
.ne Atlantic coast for reftting. and. too. our At.
Iantic seaboard as well western coast would
nave TO be properly defended by a sufficient mobile
iorce II anything happened to the interocean
waterway, think Of the thousands Of miles that
would be added to the runs of ships speeding from
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02
MARINE INSURANCE PASSED.
BILL FOR WAR RISK GOES TO
PRESIDENT FOR SIGNING.
Establishes for the First Time i'm
American History Federal Marine
1nsura,ncc-Carrics$ $4,000, 900 Fund

Washington, Aug. 29.--The admin
istration bill to create a federal bu-
rcau of war risk marine insurance,
with a $5,OOO,OOO found, to meet DOS
siblc losses to American shipping, was
passed late today in the house by u
vote uf $50 to IS. Already passed by
the senate, it now goes to President
Wilson.
The house made two amendments to
the measure us it passed thee senate
One limits the operation of the gov
ernmcnt war risk insurance bureau to
two years, the president having power
to suspend it at any time within that
period. The other reduced the salary
of the chief of the bureau from &c.
900 year to $4,000. The senate is
expected to concur in these amend
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02
PRE-ELECTION FORECAST.
Leon M. Green Picked the Winners
In Nearly Every Contest for State
Offices I'm an Article Printed I'm This
Paper the Day Before the Prima~v

Leon NJ. Green, of Sumter, I.,...
tho winner in every Statewide ra,c
and practically all in the congrc. ',r- -
III races. I'm the primary of Tuesd;.,. I,.
"a statement published before the cleo
ton he picked Mr.. Manning to make
the second race with Mr.. Irby, believ-
ing at that time the trend was to Irby
from Richards. Previously Mr.. Green
had picked Mr.. Manning and Mr..
richards to make the second race. In
the senatorial race he figured Smiths
minimum majority at 1000 with the
chances favoring few thousand
more. in the attorney generals race
no picked Peoples to win; ip tn. race
for railroad commissioner he forecast :
ed that Fortner and Shealey would he
In the second race and in the licuten-
ant governors race picked Bethca
and Kelley, for the second ballot con-
tenders. In the congressional races ne
forecastcd the defeat of Sam Nichols,
Dennis and Fred Dominick. The last
mentioned has to run q second race
with Wyatt Aiken. who will undoubt-
edly defeat him.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02
DANGER FROM OVERHEAD.
GERMAN AVIATOR DROPS BOMB
IN PARIS STREET.
City II Tranquil and Prepared for Any
Possibility That May Arise. Death
Dealing Missile Docs Little Damage
DIRECTED at Busy Section.

Paris, Aug. 80. 3.O5 p. ma Ger
man aeroplane lying at the height of
5000 feet over Paris, dropped Il bomb
into the city at 1.30 o'clock this af-
ternOon. The bomb struck near Lest
Railway station. not far from the mil
itary hospital but did no damage.
Though startled by this threatening
occurrence Parisians remained tran
quill.
All have been graG-aly accustomed
to much more serious events as possi-
bilities and the people of the capital
arc equal to either fortunc-hard
won success i'm the north or q tenn
porary reverse.
The official communication issued
by the military governor last night Or
dering that houses within the zone of
action of the Paris forts be evacuated
and razed has been the subject of
much discussion and various rumors
have spread throughout the city.
SNh i~tSioiA, IiiIIltstTy cUltOr oil The
Temps. takes a hopeful view of the
situation. saying:
THE Germans continue their turn
ing movement on their right. We
have replied by assuming the often
sive at Novion Horcien md at Guisc.
The result Is indecisivc i'm the first di-
rection, but our attacks will be re-
sumed."
The territory over which a German
acroplanist flew Is in the northeastern
part OF Paris and scarcely u mile
from the heart of the city. In the
district are the big military hospital,
the hospital st. Louis. st. Lazare.
prison for women. the church of st.
Laurent which dates from the 10th
century. the north railroad station,
the magnificent church of st. Vincent
tie Paul. the Laribosiere hospital, one
OF the largest in Paris, several coll
leges and theatres.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02

At this writing it is not certain
whether Cooper or Manning will be
in the second race with John G..
richards for governor, but it matters
little, insofar as the ultimate result
is concerned, us either will defeat
him. Major richards opponent can
count on the support of those who
voted against administration candi-
dates and richards will not receive
the solid lrby and Simns strength.
AS between Manning ana Cooper
for the Ultimate good of South Caro-
Ina, we would say it would be moro
fortunate should Cooper be the man
To oppose richards. The upper por-
ton of the state has given Cooper "A
splendid vote and ne would sweep
this section solidly.
In the present crisis of affairs.
however, Richard !. Manning. Il man
ct splendid business ability and LONG
training in large affairs would make
Il most excellent governor. And, as
Mr.. Manning has said, and. as his
supporters have urged, if there was
ever time when man equipped to
SlNt experience and sound iud"uIcnI
tr ia" economic questions that CON
ir"nt the State was needed, now Is
The time.
with either Cooper or Manning IN
the second race South Carolina viii
h" happy though the up-countrv
would u" happier with Copper
| ~rartanblrS Herald
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02
AUTO and TRAIN COLLIDE,
MRS. ALVIN w. GILMORE Is
KILLED IN CRASH.
Boy is Probably Fatally Injured and
Three Daughters Less Seriously
Iiurt--.AcCitlcnt at SantIc.

Union, Aug. 30.-MrS. Alvin w. Gill
more was killed, her son Aubrey prob
ably fatally injured and three young
daughters were hurled violently to
the ground this afternoon when an
automobile in which the five occu-
pants were riding collidcd with South
crn railway passenger train No. II at
IL dangerous crossing one and "a half
miles below Santuc
The engine and one coach had
passed when the automobile ran up
the steep grade and square into the
second coach of the fast running
train. The train was stopped and the
injured were taken aboard.
Mrs. Gilmore died before the train
reached Union. The young man was
carried ON to the hospital i'm Spartan
. I,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02

Tor governor of South Carolina have
been moro bitterly opposed than l
have, and determined effort has
been made for the past three months
to destroy the confidence which the
people of South Carolina have in me.
But l am proud to say that their er-
forts have utterly failed and re-
gard the endorsement which leceiv
ed as Il n!aeniiicent triumph.
Il want to take advantage of this
opportunity . extend to MY friends
throughout South Carolina my sincere
and heartfelt gratitude for the man
ncr in which they rallied to my SUP
port and TO assure them that it is my
purpose to make vigorous and
thorough campaign up uniil the polls
close on the @tn Of Scutcmber, the
date for the second primary cleo
ton.
Il am sorry that I am not able to
write personal letters to friends
throughout the State expressing my
appreciation, and that want of
money, being myself'a a poor man. pre-
cludes the possibility of my purchas-
inss newspaper space for tho thorough
advertisement ut my cundiutcy, bu;
friends will understand that ] am in
the race to the finish and to win. and
! feel confident they will rcnGer me
every assistance necessary"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02
CANSLER FAVORS MANNING.
Tirzah Candidate Says Sumter Man is
''ENpOncnt Of Good Government.
The State.

he StaCc.
James Cansler of York County
"CanSlcr of TirZah''-who was among
the candidates defeated for railroad
commissioner in the primary election
Tuesday. issued statement yester-
day from the hospital i'm Columbia
where he has been n patient since
early in the recent campaign, saving
his health was improving and he
hoped to he at home in time to vote
September s for Richard /. Manning.
IF | do not like the way things
went, | cannot help myself" said the
York candidate. Il am deeply CRATE
ful to those who voted for me while
lay on bed of affliction. voted for
me in spite of a false report source
OF which | disregard, that went
abroad as to my health. These friends
surely have the mind which was in
Christ, mind of sympathy. 1 am
last improving. My physicians say [
am now stronger than for years.
INV advice to my friends is to do
... ing: Vote for Mannin,
'" Iy' IF good government"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-09-02

Henry VI. IIydvick. Jr.. the ~
month-old son of Mr. aud Mrs. Henry
Nj. Hydrick of North. Orangchurg
County. :. c.. died ut the home of MIR.
and Mrs. J.. -. Jennings. where it's
mother was visiting her sister. Mrs.
Jennings.
The funeral services were held from
the residence nf Mr. :. X. Chandler
Friday at i.ac p. ~.