davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
SUMMER TIME DAIRY RATIONs.

BY feeding the cows we'll during the
summer, we have many points to be
considered.
Each pasture lot will keep a greater
number of cows in prime condition
and probably. The pasture land will
not deteriorate In value as it would If
over-stocked.
We consider that tho COWS that are
kept in excellent shape throughout
the summer months by supplying them
with both grass and dry rations will
not consume such a large quantity OF
either as they would If fed on single
ration Of grass.
When winter feeding sets in tho
cows will have become more thor
oughly accustomed to eating grain and
roughage and there will need to be no
change In the feeding-just a slight
increase in the quantity with no bad
effects borught on as is usually the
case when che change of feed Is made
from grass to heavier rations.-M. A.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
HARBOR NO MOSQUITO BREEDING PLACES
BY L. o. HOWARD.

The probabilities are that the most
dreaded Of mosquitoes, the yellow
fever mosquito. originally bred In
water in holes in trees. but it has so
perfectly. adapted itself to tho human
family that 1t has become a true do
mestic insect and Is practically de-
pendent for its existence upon the con-
ditions that surround human habita-
tons. This adaptation is undoubtedly
Of very ancient development. The yell
low-fever mosquito Is essentially .
town mosquito, and the larvae are
found practically exclusively In arti-
fetal receptacles In and about houses.
It can be said that its larvae are
never found in swamps, In pools, or
even in temporary puddles, even when
these are In close proximity to houses.
In the tropics the large earthen jars
TN which drinking water Is kept are
the most frequent and unfailing habi-
tat Of the larvae. Rain-water barrels
are abundant breeding places. Rain
water tanks, so universally behind the
houses In Southern cities, are the
source Of most abundant supplies of
these mosquitoes. The larvae are also
found in sagging cutters containing
rain-water, in tin cans. in cess-pools,
in horse troughs. in water-closet
tanks, in the drain traps Of stationary
wash-stands, in urns in Gem eteries, in
pools accommodating under the water
tanks, in water pans in the chicken
yards, and in the water receptacles of
Grindstones.
The observations Of scientists indl-
cate that the yellow-fever mosquito
breeds almost always in clear water
and seldom in foul water These OBJ
servers always found it in artificial re-
ceptacles, except few times in tree
holes near houses, and in one case in a
street gutter. In the last case 1t is
probable that this larvae came into
the gutter by the emptying of some
household vessel. Discarded bottles
and tins about houses are favorite
breeding places. .. g..
The larvae. when suspended from
the surface of the water to take in
air, hang almost perpendicularly.
They are very easily alarmed and
then go quickly to the bottom where
they remain a considerable time with
out rising to the surface. When
water is poured from receptacle in
habited by these larvae they quickly
seek the bottom and their presence
may not be suspected, although the
vessel is in constant use. They cling
80 closely to the bottom that unless
the Jars are rinsed and tipped up SC
as to empty them completely. which
Is not usually done, nearly all of the
larvae will remain in the jars. On
account Of this habit they are not
easily disposed Of by pouring out the
contents Of barrel.
The larvae occur most frequently In
clear water in rainwater barrels or
In drinking water receptacles IN
houses. the water in such receptacles
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

Writers often speak Of the Arab
breed as If these animals bred very
true to a definite type. says a writer
in the London Live Stock Journal.
They certainly agree In possessing fine
coats and slender limbs, but these
characteristics seem to come almost
automatically in any horses bred in
warm. dry countries.
We are apt to associate a certain
highly refined type Of head to the
Arab horse. This Is the ideal head.
and one which is probably specially Sc
lected for In the native land of the
breed. That it requires to be selected
for, that a pure Arab can come with
various classes Of head, some Of them
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
VARIATION IN SHAPE OF HORSES HEADS

cially refined wild species, and its sup
posed purity" can vary in type Of
head Just as much, and in much the
same way, as animals of less exalted
lineage. This certainly seems to sug-
gest that it came originally from the
same source as other horses, and that
1t owes its most valuable character
istics to selection and environment
rather than to anything more obscure.
It seems absolutely unsafe, there
fore, in the present state of our
knowledge, to attempt any serious
classification of the horse upon basis
of head characters alone, for as we
have endeavored to show, strange
variations may occur, and even in the
'purest' Of breeds there seems to be
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

tested cotton a yellowish beetle with
black spots. These beetles are about
fourth of an inch long, and crawl
about among the louse-infested leaves.
These are known as Lady-beetle, and
the one most commonly found is the
Convergent Lady-beetle.
It has been thought, by many farm
ers, that these Lady-beetles are tho
parents of the leaf-louse. but in re-
atty they are enemies to the louise
(and are. therefore. friends Of the
farmer), for the reason that they feed
on the lice.
There are a number of other in
sects which help to keep down the
cotton-louse, such as Lace-wing Flies
and Surplus Files On the other hand,
cotton Cor any other plant) which is
badly infested with lice is apt to be
frequented by many insects which go
there, not to attack the lice, but to get
from the lice a sweetish substance
called "honey-dew" which the lice
secrete from their bodies. Ants. flies
and wasps are fond of this substance
and are frequently abundant on plants
which are badly infested with the lice.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

The rain barrel Is most cxccllent
breeding place for mosquitoes. If you
must have one, keep it well covered
with netting or screen, which admits
air but keeps out the mosquitoes.
A knowledge of the egg-1aying
habits Of the mosquito will make peo-
pie more careful about leaving recep-
tacles containing water uncovered and
unprotected. Normally it appears to
be the custom to lay eggs on the sides
of any place containing water. just
above the surface of the water, SO tina:
a slight elevation of the water Will
'submerge them. They have been
found upon a leaf floating upon the
water. The eggs are small and black
in color. AS has been stated, they are
ordinarily laid above the MARGIN OF
the water and here. they may remain
dry for long periods. Matching w'en
reached by the water. They develop
better after having been dry for s"n,e
time. In fact. it seems that they viii
preserve their vitality for six NOR -
or even longer. Freezing does not fe-
stroy the fertility of the eggs. Tie
duration Of the egg stage. when tho
eggs are laid upon the water. is about
two days. When deposited above the
water they hatch promptly when sub
merged. When laid upon the surface
of the water they are easily sunk. by4
any disturbance and when they sink.
Matching is retarded and often some
of the eggs do not hatch, particularly
If the temperature of the water is
rather low. When submerged soon
after being laid on the surface of the
water they generally perish.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
BY Il. WEAVER.

leguminous forages, such as bluegrass,
rape and oats, sorghum or rye. corn
should be supplemented with linseed
oilmeal, the ration being six parts corn
to one part oilmeal.
While the kind Of grain to feed is
in portant, the amount Of grain is Of
equal, If not greater. Importance in
determining the economy Of grains. It
has been demonstrated at different ex-
pertinent stations that the best forage
crops are little more than a mainte-
nance ration. II gains are to be OBJ
tanned, then, 1t is necessary to feed
some grain in addition to the forage.
The greatest economy If gain through
the use of forage Is obtained when one
and one-half to two pounds of grain
are fed daily for each 100 pounds Of
live weight. The best general rule is
to feed enough grain to cause the hogs
to make daily gain of three-fourths
of pound for each 100 pounds live
weight.
Where alfalfa can be grown sue
cessfully. there is probably no forage
crop that will give better results for
swine feeding. An acre Of alfalfa will
pasture. during the grazing season.
from ten to twenty shoats. The i'm
portant point to be observed Is not to
pasture too closely. Best results are
obtained by so pasturing that one or
two cuttings Of hay may be taken off
the field during the season in addition
to the amount foraged off by the hogs.
Red clover probably ranks next to
alfalfa as forage crop for swine. It
will not feed SO many hogs per acre
and does not furnish pasture for 10
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
TENT CATERPILLAR.

II the tent caterpillar pitches its
home In your orchard, remember that
its flock is gathered together in the
home at night, the members going
forth by day to look for food. A torch
applied to the home evenings or early
mornings catches the worm in guam
titles. If in midsummer you find
bunch of brown worms with red
markings clustered on the trunk of
walnut or apple tree do not be alarmed
but get busy. Like the swarm of bees
they will not hang there many hours
for they are only melting. BY the next
day the old skins alone will be left to
tell the story, while the larvae. each
in bright, new coat, will be scattered
over the tree. rapidly denuding It Of
its leaves This Is the handmade moth
easily kept in check by taking advan-
tage of its peculiar habits.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

A mass OF imported seedlings snow
ing numerous nests of tho brown tail
moth.
chusetts in the early nineties, having
been brought in on some roses. From
its Introduction to 1898, no direct ef-
fort was made to retard its spread, al
though the state legislature had passed
q law requiring local authorities to
suppress tho insect. In 1898 an ap-
preparation Of $4,000 was made for
the suppression Of the brown tail
moth. From 1900 to 1904 no con-
csrted effort through state funds was
made against the gypsy and brown tall
moths in Massachusetts,. Individual
effort by local towns and private par
ties met with only partial success
During this interval these two pests
gained a tremendous Roadway and 1t
was necessary for the state to appro-
pirate In 1905. $4,000 per annum to
aid in tho control of these insects.
The following year, $4,000 was ap-
proprtated. and in 1909 this was in
creased TO 100000 by the United
States government and tho states of
Massachusetts,, New Hampshire, Con-
work in tho suppression Of these
pests in New England. In addition
tho enormous expense to towns, vii
lagos and private individuals through
their effort to protect and save their
property and tho loss of timber and
tho depreciation Of real estate will
bring the cost of these two insect pests
in New England states alone into
many millions of dollars. AZ these
pests are rapidly spreading into many
other sections Of tho country, it be-
hooves everyone to spare no means to
prevent their establishment.
According to the various writer's,
tho principal spread takes place
through the flight of the moths just
after they emerge from the pupal
stage into adult moths. which Is usu-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
FORAGE CROPS FOR SWINE
Exists For Cheapenng Pork Production Than
Il Through the General Adoption Of Successful Forage
! Crop System For Spring Pigs.

Owing to the high prices Of grains.
alone Is not nearly so profitable as 1t
once was. It takes five or six pounds
of corn in dry-lot feeding to make
pound of pork. With corn worth
around thirty cents per bushel and
hogs selling at five or six cents it was
possible to make money by feeding in
dry lot. When corn Is worth around
sixty cents and pork selling for six
cents. however, it is readily seen that
profits from feeding hogs are reduced
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

long period as alfalfa. It 10, how
ever, one Of the best forages. In pas
turing the clover, care should be taken
not to turn the hogs in on 1t before 1t
is ten to twelve inches high and 1t
should not, at any time, be pastured
too closely.
Rape in which has been sown, q
few oats, makes q most excellent for
age crop. 1t is rapid growing, sue
culent crop and hence 1t is we'll
adapted for swine pasture. Good. re-
suits may be obtained by sowing five
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

materially unless cheaper way Of
producing pork is practiced. Results
Of extentive Investigations in many
sections of the United States indicate
clearly that pork can be produced
most cheaply by feeding grain in COM
bination with forage. The kind of
grain to feed depends. Of course, upon
the forage crops. In general, when
the forage Is legume, such as alfalfa,
clover, cowpeas or soybeans. straight
corn is the grain to use. With nom
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
s. Bump

marked variation in the shape OF this
part Of the anatomy. AS far as the
writer has noticed, there Is no correla-
ton between certain types Of head
and other Observation-Disclosures as
presence or absence of callosities on
the hind limbs or ergots-which are
considered by some to be specific.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

or six pounds ahead Of the drill and
then drilling In one-half bushel Of oats.
Six to ten pounds of clover sown at
this time is also good to add to the
mixture. Tho hogs should not be
turned onto the rape pasture until
fourteen to eighteen inches high. If
not pastured too closely and the sea-
son is favorable it will come on again
thus furnishing pasture for q long
period.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
MORE MONEY FROM EGGS.

by 81. II. heHlpSseA, AAiSSouAA <n6AA~
cultural Experiment Station.
Infertile eggs produced by nocks in
which there is no male bird are tina
only kind that can reach the con-
sumer in good condition during the
hot summer months. The only object
in having 4 male bird In the flock Is to
get fertile eggs for Matching purposes.
Now that the Matching season is over.
the Missouri College of Agriculture
urges all farmers to sell off all the
ROSTERS or shut them away from the
hens.
Last year in July and August nearly
one-half the eggs leaving the farms
were unfit for food. The farmer. as
result, received q low price. Pre-
vent that loss this year by getting rid
AZ the rooster.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

Of the coarsest and ugliest description,
Is think, evidenced by the fact that
in so pure Arabian horses examined in
England in recent years, only two or
three had heads which approached
the ideal.
The Arabian horse, in fact in spite
of it's suggested origin from some spe-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

contains moro or less animal matter
as we'll as vegetable refuse, and such
probably is generally the food of tho
larvae. The larvae feed at the bottom
where they mouth over the organic
sediment even when the water is very
deep.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

with practically no change IN temper
ature; blue flag alone indicates gen.
eral rain or snow, with stationary tenn
perature; flag composed of equal
portions of white and blue indicates
local rain or snow, as contrasted with
general rain or snow. A triangular
flag Is used to indicate temperature
changes. When displayed above any
one Of the flags already mentioned 1t
indicates rising temperature: when
below, falling temperature.
Forecasts of decidedly lower tenn
perature, or much colder, are indi-
Gated by the display Of the cold-wave
f1ag-a white rectangular flag with q
black square as a center. The cold
wave flag Is always displayed alone.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

Tho brown tan moth is one Of the
eldest caterpillar pests Of Europe and
Il Is very strange that the nests of this
insect were not imported into this
country earlier than they really were.
This European pest was first OBJ
served In the United States in Massa-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
Deep Burrows
BY GUM.

If a pressing need for money was
all that was needed, most any ct us
could raise big crops.
Rainy nights and Sundays strangely
enough are not the delight of the
hired man.
Good cooking turneth away the
wrath Of the overworked harvest
hands.
If you can eat watermelon without
distress to yourself, then summer Is
the time of your delight.
Peanuts greatly enrich the soil In
nitrogen.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

How to tell tho flowers from the
weeds; Pull them up by the roots.
If they are flowers that will be the
last Of 'em, If weeds. only the begin
News.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

Young pigs must have 4 dry bed
and plenty Of sunshine.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16

Hogs are said to thrive we'll on
sweet potatoes as a root crop.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
For The Farmers W;ic

One Of the most Wholesome foods
to place upon the family table is rhu-,
barb. Following are some ways Of
cooking it which are delicious:
Rhubarb neutrality-suspicious. dessert
timely now is rhubarb pudding. To
make it, put a few thin slices Of lightly
buttered bread In the bottom of puu-
ding dish. Moisten slightly with boil
ing water. Then put in a layer OF
rhubarb cut in small pieces. Sprinkle
thickly with sugar and gratings OF
lemon peel, continuing in this order
until the dish is full. Put a few Jumps
Of butter on top and bake golden
brown. Serve hot or cold. as pre-
ferred.
Apple and Rhubarb Pie-Take equal
parts of apple cut in small dice and
tender rhubarb Make quite sweet
and dredge with flour. Make a rich
crust and bake slowly till done. Serve
with cream.
Pie Plant NIarmalade-Two pounds
Of pie plant, two pounds of sugar. one
orange; chop the pie plant and
orange, add sugar and cook until
thick.
Canning .Rhubarb-Owing to the
germ destroying acids, rhubarb may
be successfully canned in cold water
Wash, peel and cut into small pieces.
Pack into cans. that have been thor
oughly. sterilized. and fill to the rim
with cold water, put on the covers and
let stand over night. BY morning the
rhubarb will have taken up more or
less water, leaving a vacuum. Drain
off the water, and pump into the cans
fresh water, continuing this until no
more bubbles form. Fit on the rub
bers and screw down the covers, being
careful to have the cans entirely filed
with the water. When ready to use.
drain off tho water, and the rhubarb
will be found excellent for pies.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-16
Important Enemy Of
The Cotton Leaf Louise
BY F.. SHERMAN, JR.

In those sections of the United
States where cotton is grown, and the
af-louse is sometimes a serious pest
the farmer will notice on louse-in-
United labor bulletin., 1914-07-04
Is Matter of Conscience and Public Policy

In speaking delegation OF Virginia editors the White
House Washington few days President Wilson took the
country his confidence and diagnosed the business
firm frank that the good
all who place politics He also propheed that
following the laws under consideration by
the Senate business conditions industrial and commercial would
rapidly adjust themselves become solid foundation
the
There nothing than be kept
from whether something hap
said the President The has and the
been full of Interrogation for Then
which definite
And the
proceeded this program.
The President when bill found that
readusments followed without threatened disturbance and
business of relief Then the currency reform,
which bitter criticism Wall and few other
Now that it law bankers congatulatng
sensible and solid lines and they fastening benefits
Money made available for this gigantic with
out farmers being forced pay usury rates of interest
Then advanced the program, said President Will
there dread and the
that thing he postponed will be postponed because
what right and for the benefit of the people
What Roosevelt when he Morgan die
his policy of depression merely temporarily
the business
closing address, placed capsheaf
these forceul fearless words:
T. friend of business and of would
dare this and bring another
Agitation longer continued would be fatal the busi
of this country this delayed there will
with capital letter The choice
sober and sensible completed months
months of additional and danger
science well of large public policy do what this
certain going doinish the And
do not think that it is going to take long,
United labor bulletin., 1914-07-04
Mary's Tragic Story of ~ Y. Factory Life

Mary Mnora, yet fifteen years old mother, told
the United States Commission Industrial Rea
ons New York the other day. but whal simple tale of
the commercial system remoseessy gnds the blood
Of nnocen into dollars that riot of luxurious
Mary lived with her father mother
brother and husband cheap Mulberry
populated Side Her husband
had been work months and the family
herself and her mother who employed womens
ment factory at finishing work.
Mary told the Commission she earned day and her
mother cents working from and had been
poyed but the baby had
able work regularly She
factory heard of eghthour had
knowledge of labor She had been kept busy grinding
dollars for greedy constituencies labor enslavng employer
Mary simply accepted things as they
her will sympathy and then she
will be forgotten and permitted and until she falls
work and replaced by another younger Supporting
family of six the of otalng $IIo day
be by declared heroic Others will while slipping
their and oungng comfortable that Mary displayed
remarkable teadfasness esourcefune exemplary
votion herhusband father and brother
these hard they will doubt expatiate
goodness that grow large cheress
macaroni diet.
And the shame OF it all that such piable be
told OF conditions this the haven of the
pressed and the home of the free It evident that
is needed other sections of this well