davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24
FARM zN1 .a.l.!!' ORCHARD
Notes and Instructions from Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations
Oregon and Washington Specially
Cut Out Gummosis Cankers.

Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallis-"The cherry gummosis fight is
now on" says Professor H. P. Barss,
of the Oregon Agricultural college de-
partment of plant pathology, "and
many new infections can be prevented
by cutting out the old cankers. The
canker disease that causes most of the
gummosis west of the Cascades, is due
to an organism that lives over winter
in the edges of the old cankers, es-
pecially in the larger ones that were
formed the previous season. From
these hold-over cankers the disease
begins to spread in late winter, en-
larging the old injuries and injecting
many trees growing near by.
These old cankers should be cleaned
up at once and new infections should
be watched for and treated upon their
first appearance. With draw-knife
or similar tool cut away all bark that
is affected, being careful to remove all
discolored tissue. If the disease
shows signs of spreading up or down
the tree, the bark should be cut away
considerably beyond the discolored
area. All infected substance should
be removed. The wound should then
be washed with to 100 solution Of
corrosive sublimate, which can be
bought from the druggist, who will
give directions for preparing and u.s.
ing the wash. It is a deadly poison,
and should be labeled Poison, and kept
In glass, not metal, containers.
After washing out the wound, which
Is absolutely essential to success, it
should be allowed to dry, sni then
covered with good tree or pruning
paint to protect it from fungi and
heart rots.
Do not depend upon exuding gum to
indicate cankers. Bad ones sometimes
form with very little external gum.
Watch should be kept all spring for
the faintest signs of canker and for
blighted fruit spurs and buds. No
other successful treatment for this
disease has come to the attention of
the experiment station here. But If
extreme watchfulness is maintained
and the above treatment thoroughly
applied, the damage done annually by
the disease will be materially reduced.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24

They also set about improving the
various schemes for illumination, but
1t was not until 1886 that privately
owned lights were abolished, and the
entire system passed into the hands
Of Trinity house.
The principal illuminants used in
ancient lighthouses were coal or wood
fires In an open hearth, but toward
the end Of the seventeenth GEN.
tury 1t occurred to some people to In.
close the fire In lantern with fun.
mel or chimney at the top. This saved
the fuel, but the efficiency Of the lights
suffered. for It was no longer famed
by the sea breezes and needed the
frequent use Of the bellows to keep II
alight There were many complaints
about the poorness of the lights and
the lanterns were subsequently re-
moved, but coal or wood fires re-
mained in use till 1922.
Candies were next thought of, but
these again had obvious disadvan-
tages, for the great heat generated In
the lantern melted the candles and
thus diminished the intensity Of the
light The wicks also required the
constant use Of snuffers. and this
again was a serious disadvantage.
The use OF oil was not universally
adopted until the middle of the eigh-
teenth century.
Bell on the Inehcape Rock.
1t was toward the middle of the
eighteenth century that schemes for
distinguishing one light from another
were introduced. and the first device
OF this kind was invented. strange as
1t may seem. by a barber OF Lynn
called Robert Hamblln. The method
by which lights are varied nowadays
consists Of hiding the light shown for
certain number OF seconds. Thus
one lighthouse may show q single
Hash every 15 seconds, another three
flashes In quick succession every 30
seconds, and yet another may show a
light for 30 seconds and then be OBJ
scured for ten seconds and so on.
These methods, combined with the en-
ployment Of white. red and green
lights, provide many different yarie-
ties of lights and thus form q ready
means Of distinguishing one from the
other. as no two lights on our coast
are exactly the same.
The present Bell Rock lighthouse IN
situated of Arbroath. and this is the
place. 1t will be remembered, that has
been immortalized In the poem Of "sir
Ralph the Rover" where
Tho good old abbot OF Aberbrotbock
Had placed that bell on the Inchcape rock.
On buoy. In the storm. II fioated ana
swung.
And over the waves its warning rung.
The first time lighthouse was
erected on an isolated rock was In the
case OF the first Eddystone lighthouse
completed by winstanley in 1898.
where tallow candles were used as an
illuminant. The tower was polyeonal
In form. which tho ornamentation
above offered great resistance to the
wind. This lighthouse. however, stood
till 1903.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24
TITANIC lknoplAL LIGHT Housr

HE first lighthouse on record Is
said to have been erected at
Alexandria in Egypt by Ptole-
my Philadelphus nearly three
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24
A Bird Under Suspicion.

Mrs. Melvil Dewey, the social work.
er, thinks that we are too prone TO
hasty Judgment. We really ought TO
get all the facts before the jury is
asked to decide upon a verdict.
Last summer" said she, 81 got
acquainted with robin In Central
Park. He was frightfully busy
robin. Every time ] saw him he was
flying as hard as his wings could carry
him. always with a nice, Juicy, re-
freshing worm dangling from his
beak. l watched my feathered friend
with great interest. At last / dis
covered that he was the proyider for
two nests. Now this Is the question
WAS he philanthropist or biga-
mist7"
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24

Christ. It was said to have been 500
feet high. while the light. consisting
In all probability, of coal or wood
hre in an open hearth on the summit
OF the tower, is supposed to have
been visible AZ miles out at sea.
In the United Kingdom, toward the
end Of the fourteenth century. the
lighting of the coast was left in the
hands OF the various religious orders,
who established and kept up lights at
their own expense and thus did their
best to warn mariners OF the dangers
which lurked round about their mon
asteries or dwellings, an exchange
says. The lights at this time usually
consisted OF wood or coal fire. burnt
In an open brazier situated on a
church tower. although we occasional
ly read OF lights being exhibited in
windows to guide ships In from sea-
ward. The dissolution of the monas-
teries In the reign of Henry VIII, do
Ing away as It did with the men who
gratuitously tended these coast lights
as n sacred duty. abolished the lights
also at one blow and 1t was not until
several years later that the first of
the regular coast lights were insti.
tuted.
Private Lighthouses Established.
At this time 1t was customary for
private people to erect lighthouses at
their own expense. in return for which
they were allowed to levy toll on all
passing vessels. The license to do
this was granted by the king. but
Trinity house. guild or fraternity of
sailors who undertook to look after
the interests Of all those connected
with shipping, had developed into a
rich and powerful organization, hold.
ing the general management of nayi.
CATION. They regarded the erection
OF these private lighthouses as a
usurpation OF their rights, for they
were responsible for the buoyage OF
the channels, and alleged that they
had the sole right of erecting light.
houses. Trinity house, therefore. on.
posed all schemes for the building Of
lighthouses by private persons. But
In spite Of this hostility lighthouses
were erected at many points on the
coast. The light consisted OF an open
hearth at the summit OF the tower.
while the curious davit and pulley ON
the right hand side were used for
hoisting up the necessary fuel
Trinity house, In spite OF the obyi.
GUS utility Of the light. was bitterly
opposed to the measure, and charac.
terized the lighthouses as useless !"
dangerous" and burden and
hindrance to navigation" and Il was
not until about q century later that
the policy Of the corporation changed
They then no longer opposed all meas.
ures for the establishment of lights.
but. on the other hand. helped the
sailor to demand that for the dues he
paid the private lighthouse owner
should show good and steady light.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24
Many Fruits on Few Trees.

All the fresh fruit you want during
most Of the year, grown on few
trees in small back lots and similar
areas, is the latest offer of science
toward lower cost of living. Ac-
cording to plans worked out by Pro-
fessor c. l. Lewis, o. A. C. horticul-
turist, two or more varieties of ap-
pies, pears, cherries and plums, may
be grown on single stock tree for
each species. Mr.. Lewis has worked
out schemes of varieties that may be
grated onto the stock tree, 80 that
they will pollinate and grow in perfect
concord, each variety supplying a par
ticular need at the proper season. The
trees are trained to fit their surround
ings and occupy the space allotted and
not more. Shade-loving bush and vine
fruits are planted under the trees,
while vegetables that flourish in shade
are planted between the rows.
Drainage Best Remedy
for Alkali In Soils
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallis-"Since drainage prevents al
kali in soils from coming to the sur
face, drainage is the most successful
method of reclaiming alkali Soils"
said M. A. Mccall, farm assistant of
Klamath county In addressing the o.
A. G. Extension course at klamath
Falls. Indeed 1t Is coming to be
generally recognized that land that Is
badly alkaline cannot be wholly re-
claimed by any other means. II the
water that holds alkali in solution is
allowed TO stand and evaporate on the
field, the alkali Is bound to be deposit
ed.
There are other things, however,
that will help. Manure properly add
ed to the soil will tend to neutralize
the alkali, and land plaster will change
black alkali to white, a less harmful
FORM"
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1914-04-24

He is only the lover who seeks what
is profitable to the beloved; 80 that II
any pursue not this, even what is
right and good, though he made ten
thousand professions Of love he ia
more hostile than any enemy.-St
Chrysostom.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09

in my palm. holding the case with
my finKsra
Troops wers moving IN large
numbers
MY officer hurried and leapins
into III. waiting automobile bus.
told mo to carry his bags 70 the
hotel Do France.
Descending tho steep hin toward
the city I waited until | could gain
q clear view Of the river over the
tr~s tops.
Then I spat upon the siip Of
paper until u va wet. tossed II
into an open fisld and hurried for.
ward.
Tho green signal flashed before
had gone zoo yards.
i-~as Q signal that troops were
retiring. whether II was seen ! do
not know learned that . Ger.
man.BalriAn workman was execut'
I'D as . spy charged with lighting
the signal
Iicge was quiet. save for the
movement OF troops. Yet its ap-
pearancs was terrible.
could not AZ the first. under.
stand why tho city looked 90
strange from q distance
Then II occurred To mo what I,
was
Tho German gunnsrs seemed to
have concentrated much OF their
fire upon the gun works. and the
iron works OF tho city.
Tho chlmneys of tho gun works.
where most Of Bclginms cannon
we're made. offered the most strtk.
Ing feature OF the skyilne--and
most OF them had been shot away.
arrived at tho hotel painting.
found my officer collecting things
he had left In his rooms At the de
serted hotel and eursinS.
lie gave his bags into my care.
! thought We wore going 10 Brus.
sells. Tho Belgian troops withdrawn
from boge were retrcating In that
direction.
Tho French. both those that had
arrived during tho bombariment
and those who had started and then
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09
PART III.

PANT W..
CONTINUED From Yesterday
At o'clock that evening | was
awakened from my heavy sleep 60
find two men entering my room.
The room was In somi-darlSness.
Outside could hear the steady
murmuring roar Of troops COINS
forward.
half awake. was alarmed. One
man spoke. RE was OF the service,
the other OF the General Staff. Ny
report had been received.
We OF tho service seldom re
ported direct in times OF peace.
but through others. Many times
We did not know who received re.
ports. I was being paid high
honor-to have staff officers call
uron me.
Thay had como for further do
tails. For three hours ! gave them
In detail all | know OF tho sltua,
ton IN Lege.
You must so back said my
superior. We have arranged"
He explained that my position
In Liege was assured because OF
tho confidence tho Belgian officer
had In me. that l was to claim his
friendship and insist upon working
for him. Also was given some
thin slips o, colored paper and
their use was explained TO me.
But how may reach Liegef~
| asked.
We have planned hs said.
They left ma. At o'clock !
met them as agreed. My sxper
fences Of that nigh, were trytnx
They led mo 10 whore ono OF the
military planes was waiting
never had been In an aeropiAne.
and the prospect alarmed mo. How.
ever. ! dared not show this timid.
ity before my superior officers and
the under lieutenant and bis mech.
arician quickly strapped mo In
tho passenger seat.
After IS minutes OF sickness and
ere shutting knew we were In
tho Rir tbrobenl and commenced
20 lose fear.
r&W Au"Af tthltHs L 1f<a 70
speak 10 the under lieutenant. but
the roar OF tho motors was too
much.
We came down In field. mile
from Waremmc. quite near tho rail
road. as I learned later In the
night. We saw lights and heard
sounds not far away. and tho IN,
der lieutenant made great haste "a
fly again.
When he had gone crcpt inso a
ditch and waited some time bcfors
starting 70 ind my way 20 Liege
After an hour or more Of cautious
crawling ! reached . road and pres
entity discovered an automobile
sixn post. vas not far from
Liegs. and. creeping into hedge
I slept until daybrsak. when the
sound OF wagons and much noise
told me citirsns were passing
along tho road leaving the city.
Making haste soon reached
Licge. There was no trouble. Citi
xens we're departing IN large mum
bcrs and few observed me. wen,
TO the Church OF st. Jean. mon
TO establish q base than anything
else. purposeiy addressed inquir
les to several persons In and
around the church IN aafahifah an
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09

retired. ~ere retiring toward Ma.
muir.
Ny officer had received oroesp 10
Join his command there.
learned that tho French plan 60
give battle at Liere had been
abandoned when the strength NJ TIE
German army Was developed. and
that Namur was 20 be the center OF
tho great battle.
There we're curSes among the
men because the British had failed
to make haste. and much dsacontrns
that the Preach had not made .
stand with tho Bslxisns az the
Mcuss around IAexs.
Tho French seemed cArcr to
fight but their officers. knowing
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09
WOMEN WARNED
TO BEWARE OF
PERSONALITIES

WASHINGTON. u. c.. Oct. g.
Housewives are warned OF the
dangers in the use OF certain dead.
ly powders and compounds IN pre-
serving fruits and vegetables. In
a statement today By the depart
ment OF agriculture.
Its attention was directed 70
Gently TO tho fact that salicylic
acid IN beluk used ar a PRESERVE
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09

the strength Of the German advance
urged haste.
h~ard one officer tell my officer
that n B~irlans could hold th. Ger.
mana back ten days. Enxisnd would
have her army In the field.
During the trip pretended TO
sleep. while listening 10 my officer
and two others talking. but really
foil asleep. worn out and snorei
30 lustiiy they Kicked me
fContInueo ronorro~.)
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09
les pread exsent. espco-

tive 20 . widespread extent. espco-
tally In rural communities.
Extensive use OF salicyiic acid
in food" says the statement" may
be attended with very serious ef-
feos upon the health through de.
rangement Of the digestion"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1914-10-09

DUKE. sald 20 BE- the lsrpest horse
In the world. and weighing more
than s.ooo pounds. IL owned and ~x-
hlhit~d by Charles Miner OF Hratile-
boro, VI.
Evening star., 1914-04-19

private secretary for a charitable concern
that we are going to organize shortly. We
desire someone who is educated, who will be
capable Of guarding us from persons not
worthy of benefactions, who will make rec
concentrations, seek into affairs OF those
considered worthy. We shall, of course, ex-
pect to find room for YOU. 1t will not be a
chattcr-t drinking affair You will have
the evenings to yourself and all of Sundays.
The salary will be two hundred month"
"Pounds?' gasped Thomas.
"Oh no, dollars. I do not expect your
answer at this moment. You must have
time to think it over
at is not necessary, Miss killigrew.'
"You decline2"
"On the contrary, l accept with a good
deal of gratitude. On condition, he added
gravely
"And that"
"You will ask me no questions regarding
my past"
Kitty looked squarely into his eyes, and
he returned the glance steadily and calmly.
Every well, accept the condition.
Thomas was nightly surprised.
To be continued next Sunday
THE BUSH LEAGUE
RECRUIT
Evening star., 1914-04-19
THE BUSH LEAGUE
RECRUIT
Continued from page 8

Nationals had picked up pretty good man.
His fielding had continued to be excellent,
and the publishing of the batting averages
showed him second or third with something
like $40. On the day they were published
the recruit did not miss the chance to call
attention to his work with the stick when
dressing for the game in the clubhouse, and
a number of the older players complimented
him on his good showing. The youngster
could not stand prosperity; for few days
later when in the dressing room he remarked:
at is too bad l didn't get chance to join
this league sooner. | certainly would have
had a look-in for that automobile prize.
Most of the players thought he was simply
kidding; but later discovered that he was in
earnest
well, you will have chance to show
how good you are next week, said one of
the stars of the club. "The Detroit club
will be here next week, and you will have a
Also Ty Cobb will show you how it is pos
sible to bunt the ball and beat it out.
"Cobb is just human answered the
chesty young fellow. ~The faster they run,
the greater distance | like to throw them
out by"
In the games played up to that time his
work on hunted balls had been truly mar
velous. Tearing in at top speed, he would
handle what appeared to be perfect bunts
with his ungloved hand, and throw out
the runner with time to spare. And it was
his expressed desire to try his hand on
Cobb's bdnts that caused the veteran to
call attention to the fact that Cobb would
soon be on the scene.
| umpired that series between Detroit and
Washington, and in all nv life never saw a
bo11 ,,1n,or baya wilder time than that
third bascman. Mullins, Willetts, Donovan,
and Summers, great quartet of pitchers
when right, were going at top speed when
they nit Washington, and made the aspiring
recruit look as if his bat was full of holes.
Nothing even resembling hit did he get in
the four games, and he struck out almost
every other time at bat His chestiness had
been tipped off in advance, and the pitchers
worked harder than usual to demonstrate
that there was at least slight difference
between the bushes and the big league.
1t was in the field, however, that the re-
cruit had his toughest time; although it
seemed impossible for anyone to look worse
than he did when at bat Cobb laid down
bunt after bunt that the youngster kicked
around and threw wildly. Several times
Cobb raced all the way to third, aided by
the lurid hcaves of the third-sacker, on a
bunt that did not travel twenty feet. In the
last game of the series Cobb bunted three
times; but the recruit was SO thoroughly
tanned that he did not even throw the ball.
That series proved to be his finish as big
Lacquer. He was not asked to report in the
spring, aid in looking over one of the sport
ing pape,s recently l noticed that he had
just been released by a club in class c
league.
a q
~ pitcher reported in the fall to one of the
American League clubs. On his first ap-
pearance he was pitted against the tail
enders, the St. Louis Browns. The St. Louis
manager had team in the field made up al
most entirely Of recruits. so that the aggrega-
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-09-05

vols = p p 3 - - Britsia Rishs
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1914-06-02

hhlnE service. but when she .rr,v.s - n.
- ~" blazing and passenger saeins ~ NJ
81" the switching until 40 couiS ~
- .f,h engine 4Os cam. IN for WORK s,~-.
iaN. hit "h,u sh- was ready to leavs ~
'-'d t. "'rk. Tray cling Engineer ca ~
= l"i IA ms "t tue afternoon tryta9 : n
u. and III th' meantime about ~
.rt'i around to watch him wben ~ ~
.frAI .,H..f.t loudly
NUN. Nm. buff. an apprentice. h.,. 49,.
Ne. ~sut ~ebhhtuE about a month A.
ut LIT W"'k and went 10 Saginaw II 49,
.Slt l isstd that he had teiverasAsA ~
III m"u,f To pty his way home ~, RI
Sasfaaw Tor Maskrgon.D His fathse -
hr sf-th''rs '"mintttcr FOR this atviea~s IN
~ ntt.r mn lait Oft mere were NseS1un-
Ir~hs tuI HdEsaIi. and Boilermakse R.-s-
'#.# @a#J oh IA the coach yard 49, ~
b. A. I'm" out On strike with sAe nS,S
I'll ...- II 'his'so. but sftervas1s -
90 = W II sorfy to report today thai -
-'s #a- a.zert'd the ranks and gone pes11S.ss
f.r f.'' MatId.u" shops We are sseyy
araf..f map. tut ne viii not hurt H. -
H. .td tnh at somerset, KY wa -
ta ha.r. LIT duii. Later he landed q -
Ia#sstf.a Works Fay city. Mich, q ~ =
- -sm" reason this Job did not lsst -
.'## 800 as astu quit to 40 scabbins r. sS
80 - IN hour at the most a y
fh.'- AZ e viii g"t less with the intrs61uGn
81. go. t.td nat come new machines are -
e. TIE shoi and That ih'n the whole maehias p
r. - 81 Ut.se W"rk Two boilermahw =
't.... ....lf ft.- NIX and of them 4 -
L. .,.a TIL - men seem 10 think II h -
##..# urls back
80. - te.- incoming took four old coseAeu =
1. 49, r,rtlt,d
s-.##-.- fa#ln - arthed IS minutes lsss: \
: ,,fr - u#a.',- H.t". \ brake beam fen -
= VI ~ az "A it4n going out of the yardA r.
.A ,h Nj '.,r thr,e oilers and tAsss =
.f@ 80 taal 10 81 the beam Oft. No IS -
###..# -. With half train. Ma M II
- - f'.h VI - was annulied 49,
H.t &l=h j. tars in train.
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1914-06-02
Waterloo.

\ -sa-a- 4 late passenger trains and 49,
- ii.#=st h.iuie some OF the ntaom0
II. H4sats central has experienced In ~ -
-. ~Wali IRE ght wreck In the wsse 81
=. Id ttfds put several cars Of msfGonG
= hsI and added to the compsnys $50
s,..#.t
49, tts len slight increase In fre1o11 -
#s's. IS zl't = MY natural at this tine o.
-, .Izsf'h VIII would experience rusA u
la'--. 80 So EHnw thes would be unable - -
Nta =, iRor equipment the scabs sfs -
AZ
Aa. AtHl=f hig Jack MacLesy IL coao19op
* .s##- tasttian. ~ Identity with the 49,
81 -.sHs a"ak lo Try and get a few meee -
~ tas hail IN. tn" company 10 aozeoO
il tf# Inns nat resembles "A m.ehAaie
TA,ft - a uoti,-ably large number Of seeeeS -
fstf..#=#ah ia. Jnb III and out Of the shspA-o
Z l..#a a." tsat IN our lodge rooms. Al - -
a. - thi- - hat every little moys0eoe -
a- ut It,
IT, I'll Ii. that the general foreman L.
Eli - ueN glass for Office - ~
fat''i# nd = morr pulled up than ever - -
NV a1stfN Afory x
TIE tfeth.fs here extend best wishes - -
ltt-su nd TIE cause IN which he has sasas
- uaaH