davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
increased Rates Needed.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.l
ST. LOUIS, Mo-, Dec. 2G.-Increased
rates for all railroads are necessary to
the prosperity of the United States,
according to Howard Elliott, presi-
dent of the New Haven railroad, VINO
arrived here with his family, to spend
Christmas day with Mrs. Elliott's sis
ter, Mrs. John Davis.
II am sorry to say 1t is dull east Of
the Allegheny mountains said FL
lott, but business is probably no
worse than it is in the south and west.
All railroads need higher rates to
enable them TO prepare to furnish the
transr rortation the United States will
need to make full steam ahead
Elliott will return to New York on
Sunday.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
ENGLAND

GJnited Press Leased Wire Service.l
LONDON, Dec. 2e.-Every posi-
BILE precaution was being taken In
London today to prevent successful
aeroplane raid upon the city. The
lids over Dover and Southend dur
ina which German aviators succeed
ed In circiins about the cities and
then making their escape, has con-
WINGED the war office, that aided by
fog, hostile aviators might easily
reach London and drop bombs upon
the city.
Although az electric signs were
taken down soon after the outbreak
Of the war and. other lights we're
dImmed, London spent last night In
even biacker darkness. Orders we're
issued that every light not absolutely
needed, should be turned off. From
now on it is expected that a con-
stant aeropiane patrol will be main
tanned along the coast to guard
against the approach Of hostile
aviators upon London.
In the raid upon Dover, as we'll as
that over Southend yesterday. the
German aviators took advantage OF
fog in which they reached the coast
unobeerved. Guns at Sheerness and
other points were unable to get the
range of the German who flew over
Southend because of the fog and it
is now evident that only by counter
aeroplane attacks can such raids be
resisted.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
WHERE 1T rs
REALLY COLD
Forty-two DEGREES Below Zero in One
Part Of New York State
Today.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.l
LITTLE FALLS, N. ". Dec. 26.--
This is one Of the eoldest days ever
known in this section. The coldest
spot reported was at the Frank Dorr
farm between here and Hirkemer
where it was AZ degrees below zero.
In this city Thermometers registered
20 to 25 degrees below.
Call It Cold at Above.
NEW YORK, Dec. 26.-This city
today experienced the coolest wealth
er of this winter. At 1880 a. m. the
mercury registered Az degrees
above and at a. m. had mounted to
above. The municipal lodgings as
well as every charitable organiza-
ton in the city were overcrowded.
The sky was clear and there was
little wind
Four Below.
CHICAGO, Dec. 26.-The mercury
dropped to four below today, the cold
est weather recorded this winter and
one death was reported in Chicago.
Patrick Hurley, nearly unconscious
from exposure, half fell into a store
to escape the biting blasts. He was
carried to the stove. but died before
the chill had left his body.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
Bread Sells For Thirty Cents Per Loaf in LODI
Where Coal and Oil is Exhausted and the
People are in Dire Peril
GERMANS ARE NOW IN POSSESSION
CITY IS Taken For the Third Time During the
Struggle and Although Not Much Dam
aged, is in Pitiful Condition.

of the Lodz district. He hopes
that when the railway leading
back to the frontier is repair
ed and communications with
Germany are restored, the ter
rible conditions now existing
may be relieved.
The headquarters of Gener-
al Mackenzen who, next to
Field Marshal Won linden
burg and General Ludendorff
his chief of staff, is the lead
ing figure in the eastern cam
paign, were located forty miles
from Warsaw Saturday. But
General Mackensen was plan.
ming to move his headquarters
forward the day after ! left
there. Russians have made a
strong counter attack in south
Poland in an attempt to
straighten their line but have
been repulsed. The Germans
are constantly moving for
ward in this region.
The retiring movement of
Russians has now practically
ceased in north Poland. They
are making a stand east of
Lowicz and extremely heavy
fighting is in progress.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26

JJTnited Press Leased Wire Service.l
NEW YORK, Dec. 26. G1 a. IN. -
The curious fact that In Londons
restaurants yesterday, were many
soldiers from the front, celebrating
Christmas, is an instance Of the way
psychology has been forced to play Its
art in making this war so conspicu-
ously a series OF scientific problems.
The British war Office has arranged
to grant leave to it's soldiers on the
firing line, because it has been de-
termined by psychologists that home
sickness is an important factor In de-
creasing the vitality Of armies. The
Christmas celebrants in London yes
terday direct from the battle line,
had not been given exceptional facil-
tiles because OF the holidays, but they
we're the fortunate ones whose ordin-
ary leave of absence coincide with
Christmas.
The first scientific study OF the
problem Of homesickness among sol
diers began in the South African
war. Eng lanU Hau 10 dCIept many
thousands of home volunteers from
civilian occupations who were sent
into battle at the other end OF the
world. 1t was found that after the
first excitement of fighting wore away,
the men became despondent and a
curious form OF melancholia prevailed
In the army. Alertness and initiative,
when not stilled, frequently took form
CT reckless Indifference to the enemy's
bullets which psychologically was
akin to a suicidal temperament.
The nature of the malady was var
iously described, until finally it was
found that an epidemic Of nostalgia
was running through the army. The
men wanted their wives and longed
for a sight OF their children. They
we're simply homesick-nothing more.
Some of the officers we're able to Sc
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
What the War Moves Mean
By J. w. T. Mason, Former European Man
aeer of the United Press.

cure permission for their wives tn
visit South Africa and after brief
reunion, the change in the spirit Of
these men was remarkable. All thei1
normal virtues were restored and
their efficiency was greatly improved.
This Is one Of the South African
lessons England Is putting to use In
the present war. A regular trans
port service has been organized be-
tween the French and Belgian front
and England. Two streams OF sob
diers cross the English channel daily
one on It's way to home and wives
and children, and the other bidding
them goodbye. Thus there is always
fairly large company OF troopers In
England who are veterans OF the firing
line.
This enthusiasm is stimulus I'd
recruiting, but this Is accidental and
n secondary result of the leave sys
TEN. The primary effect is the inn
provement in the temperament OF
men after they return to the front
The splendid fighting qualities Of the
one OF the outstanding features OF the
war. is undoubtedly due in large
part to the measure taken to prevent
an outbreak OF Inconsistencies
The soldiers themselves, have u
contribute in part to this method d
increasing their efficiency. No fret
transportation home is granted Rail
road and cross channel tickets are is
sued men AT reduced prices. but the,
must pay all charges themselves. Al
agitation has begun In England u
compel the government to issue fret
passes, but the war office will no
agree to shouldering the expense
is argued that not all men are sub
ject to nostalgia and by enforcing
financial sacrifice rough rule limit
ing leaves TO actual cases Of hons
sickness is operative.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
NAVAL BATTLE RUMoREO.

I United Press Leased Wire Service. ]
EUENoS AYRES, Dec. 26.-No con-
firnation had been received here early
TODAY Of wireless reports received from,
the Chilean torpedo destroyer Tome
that a battle was being fought twenty
miles off Valparaiso between the Brit
ish cruiser New Castle and German
vessels. One of the German ships, il
was stated. was supposed to be the
Dresden. The wireless report was
based upon firing which was heard by
officers Of the Tome.
Chilean reports today declared that
the presence of powerful Japanese
fleet in the Pacific off the west coast
has been confirmed.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
RUSSIA

limited Press Leased Wire Service.l
PETROGRAD, Dec. 26.-Resistins
constant day and night attacks along
the seventy-five mile front from the
vistuIa river southwark to opoczno,
the Russian line before Warsaw con-
tinued to hold today. The banks Of
the Bzura and Wawa rivers which the
Germans have vainly endeavored to
cross are lined with bodies Of the
enemy.
Massed attacks upon strong Russian
positions have been repeatedly re-
pulsed but the efforts Of the Germans
continue and strong counter attack
is being directed against their lines
along the PiIica river. While the Ger
mans are directing their main assaults
between Sochaczew and Skierniewlce,
the Russians are endeavoring to pierce
the enemy's line along the Pillca.
Only at one point along the 6zura
river have the Germans been able to
make a crossing, it 10 declared here.
and with reinforcements which have
been hurried to that region, the enemy
is expected to be hurled back.
It Is generally believed here that
the fighting in Poland 10 now rapidly
approaching crisis. General Fran
co.'s is endeavoring to resume his
march from MIawa on the north. Fol-
lowing the defeat of the Germans in
that region, it Is now admitted that
they are offering serious resistance
and have partially succeeded in as.
suming an offensive. Only the sue
cess Of General Francois or the break
ing Of the Russian line before War
saw at an early date, can save Field
Marshal Won Hinden.urg from being
forced to retreat from the Polish cap
itaI for a second time. Heavy artil-
.Iery has been brought up on the main
line Of the German attack and the
battle west Of Warsaw has assumed
enormous proportions.
In southern Poland and GaIicia the
Russians are now declared to ho gain
iina the aDers,After.s having, With
drawn thirty miles east Of CracoW the
army operating in that region has
bten reinforced and the siege Of that
fortress is expected to be resumed
within few days.
CAR TO THE FRONT.
PETROGRAD. DDec. 26.--Czar
Nicholas is again enroute to the front
The car left last night to visit his
troops in the field.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26

I United Press Leased Wire Service,l
WASHINGTON, Dec. 26.--The real
battle for the control Of the valuable
port of Vera Cruz is believed here to
be in progress. Late advices to the
state department say that fighting
between Carranzista and villa forces
was in progress ten miles west OIL
Vera Cruz The attacking columns
were reported driving the Carranzistas
back on their main lines OF de anse.
Severe fighting also Is reported IN
the state of Tlaxcala and at Ebsna
near Tampico. This series OF conilicts
IT is believed here, will eventually end
in successes for the convention forces
who outnumber the Carranza sympa-
thizers.
Meanwhile, Provisior.-l President
Gutierrez is completing his cabinet,
the only vacant places left being the
ministers OF justice and of the inter.
Tor. In his appointments Gutierrez
has been impartial between tn, fol-
lowers of Zapata and Villa, 50 that
what might have proven potent
source OF friction, seemingly has been
avoided.
It is known here to be the intention
OF convention leaders when the con
ference reconvenes on January 10 to
attempt to frame a comprehensive
land law which congress will be asked
to enact. With such law In force,
the disbanding OF the army would be
simplified and all factions are anxious
that a strong civil government be es-
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26

IBy Karl H. Won Wiegand,
United Press Staff Correspon-
dent.l
WITH THE GERMAN
ARMY AT LODI, Dec. 81,
{via The Hague and London,
Dec. 26. LODI, the great
center Of Poland is today a
city Of misery and want. Beau
tiful young girls are offering
themselves into white slavery
in the hope Of gaining food
and shelter.
Lodx has a population Of
3OO,O 600. Factories Of the city
are closed and 150, 900 men
and women are without en-
ployment. There is no coal
for fuel that the factories may
be operated. The supply Of
petroleum is also exhausted
and the shortage of food has
resulted in appalling condi-
tions. Bread is selling at 80
cents per loaf. Great crowds
stand in front Of the bakeries
for hours waiting for a chance
to buy or beg the little bread
that is afforded. The starv-
ing victims Of the war plague
in stricken Lodz, fight for the
food that is doled out to them.
The people Of Lodz say that
the Russians who retreated
from the city before the ad-
vance of the Germans stripped
it Of food and supplies. The
misery and suffering is rela-
lively greater than in any Bel
gian city. Men and women
and children shiver in the
streets begging for food. !
saw a score Of girls driven to
desperation from hunger Of
fer themselves into lives OF
shame in order to get some
hing to eat.
The Germans are ROW occu-
pying Lodz for the third time
during the war. The city IS
little damaged from gun ire,
but industrially and economic
ally it is a wreck General
c. of the German army
is now the military governor
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26

Il Al !

limited Press Leased Wire Service. |
LONDON, Dec. 2e.--The landing Of
Italian marines at Avlona Albania, ls
not expected to be followed by repre-
sentations from Austria to Rome. Italy
has declared intentions are gov
erned solely desire to prevent
anarchy spr.. ng to the Adriatic
shores, anS is believed here today
that Aust : for the present will ac-
cept thi : planation.
A ge s al revolt, inspired by Tur-
kish 7 . .em officers is declared to be
in p ess in Albania against the
rule OF Essad pasha. Communication
with Durazso has been cut. Property
has been destroyed and hundreds OF
inhabitants at interior points are de-
cIared to have been massacred. Essad
Pasha is now gathering force OF
troops in an attempt TO stamp out the
rebellion, but the revolt spread to Az
Iona before the italian marines were
sent ashore to restore order.
It is semi-officialIy stated from
Rome that the landing Of marines does
not mean that demonstrations are to
be made against interior points, but
preparations for all eventualities are
evident since the city Is held in much
greater force than during October,
when marines were landed for the
first time.
AvIona is directly across the Adri-
attic from otrano. Any action by Italy
oo,,Id h. hackea IN NOT onIv bv the
Italian fleet, but by French and Brit
ish warships operating in those wat
ers.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
I FRANCE

United Press Leased Wire Service.1
PARIS, Dec. 26.-outer defenses Of
the fortress at Metz are reported to-
day to be under fire from the French
artillery. An offensive movement
started early in December against
Metz, 10 declared to have resulted In
advancing the French lines beyond the
village of ArnavilIe and through the
forest of Leprietre. Only by extreme
ly bitter fighting have the French
Tines been advanced and the Ger
mans cleared from the heights with
in range Of the outer forts, but French
guns are now declared to have been
brought up for the bombardment.
There was little cessation Of fight
ing along the battle front during
Christmas day. In Belgium the Ger
mans made several attempts to re-
gain positions lost during last weeks
fighting, but all we're repulsed. The
British, French and Belgium com
manders endeavored to give their men
every possible opportunity to ceie-
brate Christmas, but mining opera
tions and the bombardment OF German
lines proceeded throughout the day.
OFFICIAL REPORT.
PARIS, Dec. 26.-Vioient German
attacks on Christmas eve which were
resumed on Christmas day are re-
ported in the offieial communication
from the war Office today. These at
tacks delivered at Chivy, northeast
Of soupir, and in the region Of Per
thes, were repulsed, but the state
ment today Indicates there was little
cessation in fighting yeaterday ex-
cept in Belgium where operations
were hindered by fog.
Between the sea and the Lys there
was only feeble cannonading be-
cause Of the fog, the statement says,
but between The Lys and the Disc,
German attacks were directed against
several points and the most desper-
ate. ftshtins resulted. Al Lyhons, the
French troops captured German
trench, were driven out by the Ger
mans, but returned to the attack and
reteok the position.
German attacks were repuIsed at
Nouiettes eoisseIie, east Of Albert
and Lyhons.
"A violent German attack at Chivy
northeast df sounir was repulsedi
on Christmas eve" the statement
asserts. "A night attack in the re-
gion Of Pethes was also repulsed. the
French artillery siIenoins the enemy.
The attack was again started yester-
day, but was repuIsed.
Further progress is reported in
upper Alsace."
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26

United Press Leased Wire Service.l
FRANCE-Violent German attacks
on Christmas, eve and Christmas day
we're repulsed. Between the sea ana
the Lys only feeble cannonades De
cause Of fog. Further progress III
Alsace
RUSSIA-Russian line before war
saw holding, despite constant attacks
Of the Germans, who are said 10 nave
been able to cross the Bzura river at
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
The War at a Glance
Summarized by John Edwin Nevin, United
Press Staff Correspondent

only one point where they are being
attacked by the Russians. The czar
leaves MOSCOW for the front
ENGIAND-Great precaution being
taken to prevent an aeroplane raid on
London. following the appearance OF
a German aircraft over Southend yes
terday.
AUSTRIA OF Russians In
Poland slailnej. Situation in Gaficia
UNCHANGED
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
AUSTRIA


UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.1 ]
VIENNA, (via Berlin and London),
Dec. 26.-ExtremeIy heavy attacks by
Russians throughout Christmas eve
and during yesterday are reported in
an official statement issued here to-
day. The Austrian front is declared
to be unchanged in GaIicia, however,
and repeated attacks in Poland were
repulsed.
The statement asserts:
Fighting continued yesterday along
greater part of our front. Our forces
beat back attacks Of the enemy near
Magyac in the Latourcza region with
heavy losses. The enemy was driven
back towards Liskou.
Between Wislok and 6ala, the
enemy attacked throughout the whole
Of Christmas eve and yesterday with
great intensity. On the Ounajec, our
front is unchanged.
COTTON is DELAYED.
ROTTERDAM, Dec. 26.-Thirteen
tons of cotton, arriving here from
America on the liner HommeIsdyk, to-
day is enroute to Vienna for the
wounded Of Austria. The Sommeis-
dyk arrived here yesterday. The post
office department supplied an extra
force of men. that the cotton. which
mas sent by parcel post, might be
handled expeditiously. After being
taken from the steamer, it was irme-
diateIy placed upon trains for Vienna.
TIE cotton reaching Rotterdam on
the Sommeisdyk is that sent to Vienna
in response to the appear by Mr.. Shep-
herd. United Press staff corresponds Mt,
who first took hold of the terrible con-
ditions in hospitals there, owing to the
lack OF material for dressing the
wounds of Austrian soldiers. Ambas-
sadcr FentieId had expected to be able
TO distribute the cotton on Christmas
day but the Sommclsdyk was delayed
in ->.ehinn Rotterdam
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
Five Were eu-ncd.
Scott is OptimiS>ic,

DENVER, Colo. Dec. o6. Five ner.
sons were seriously burned and sew
enty-fve driven into the cold In their
night clothes by fire early today III
the Buckingham hotel. in the Capital
hill section. The origin Of the blaze
is not known. None of the Injured
will die.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
Janitor's Merry Christmas

limited Press Leased Wire Serv.ce.l
CHICAGO. Dec. 26.-Tenants of an
apartment house gave Henry SIN TIL.
janitor. two pounds OF plum pudding
and a quart OF brandy sauce for Christ
mas. Henry discarded the pudding
but clung lovingly to the sauce.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
Local Observations.

River stage, ZOO a. m, II Feet be
low low water.
Change in past "a hours, rise g.
Mean temperature. 25.
Highest temperature, 6
Lowest temperature, a.
Lowest temperature last night. -12.
FRED u. GOSBWISCH.
Observer.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
THE, WEATHER

limited Press Leased Wire Seryica.I
WASHINGTON, Dec. 26.-Weather
forecast:
Iowa Unsettled weather tonight
am Sunday; probably snow; warmer
tonight and in east portion Sunday.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
Most Valuable Prize of Mexican Revolution is the
Inspiration for the Battle Which is Now
Thought to be in Progress
IMPORTANT DATE WILL BE JANUARY 10
New Land Law to be Framed Then Which is
Expected to Aid Great Deal Toward
Ending All Of the Turmoil.

tablished without delay SO that an ep-
peal may be made to the United
States and the A. B. G. powers FOR
recognition
Money is badly needed for the af-
fairs OF the government but eve y
source Of internal spcply fas be n c g
hausted ana foroien .,l cur or
the question unless y rec sll-
ton Is forthcomins y b7caa
they realize this. thY-iost.on -
anzions either e omf i"p q
completely trrel, Carr a
uary 10
Scott io ottimis'e,
NACO, Ar.s. Fec. 80 ] "
Hugh Scott. ch;ef o. rtatf 90 thn
ei, States army. viii await firth y
structions frem Wash'n ~ton hcfo !,
continuing his copfaranfcs wits ren.
erals May torsna and Hi' omrasnca-s
OF the, rival Mexican factions ac a
the borf.,r from here, Trtt le-
'gr7aphed last ntcht complete RESULT
OF his conference to date. Ho IS OBJ
timistic, but declines to d.ecuss El1
plan of action
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-12-26
CAR TO THE FRONT.

CAR TO THE FRONT.
PETROGRAD. DDec. Oscar
Nicholas is again enroute to the front
The car left last night to visit his
troops in the field
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1914-08-10
FUNERAL RITES
FOR MRS. WILSON
Simplicity Marks Services at
White House-RemainS
Taken to Rome, Ga.

Washington, D. c., Aug. 10.-Without
any formality except that of the church
and with all the simplicity which she
desired, the funeral of Mrs. Woodrow
Wilson, wife of the president, was held
in the east room of the White house
at 2 o'clock this afternoon. For the
day official business was banished from
the executive mansion and Washing
ton.
immediately after the services here
the body was taken to Rome, Ga, the
burial place of Mrs. Wilson's parents.
During the trip through the south the
people will pay respect by toiling
church bells Rs the special train
passes. Christ church in Alexandra,
Va, which George Washington at
tended, has decided on this tribute.
The funeral train left Washington at
4:35 O'Clock, and is due to arrive at
Rome at 2:30 o'clock on Tuesday.
There was q special car for the flow
ers.