davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-05-04
STORAGE

HARRISBURG STORAGE co - Two
large brick warehouses, built ex-
pressly for storage. Private rooms
for household goods and unexceAed ia
cilities for storing all kinds of mer-
chandise Low storage rates South
ST. and Penna. r. r.
STOh AGE 419 Broad street, for
household goods and merchandise. Pri-
vate rooms. 81 to So. Wagons, rs cents
per month. Apply d. Cooper & Co.. All
Broad street. Both phones.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-05-04
APARTMENTS FOR RENT

FOR RENT-Finest furnished apart
ments in the city, singly or en-suite,
The Conway, 131 Walnut street. For
merly next Orpheum Theater.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

It looks like ice, and you feel like
stopping the train for a skate. In some
places the crust has been broken up
into floating cakes and in others it is
being taken out to be refined and shipped
to the markets. Some of the borax is
as clean as the whitest of spun silk; other
pieces are dirty and look like snow that
has lain for some time. On the shores
of the lake are galvanized iron-roofed
refineries, in which the stuff is pre-
pared for the market. We were over an
hour going by the largest of the lakes.
It is right near the railroad 1t is
twenty-four miles long and is the great
est reservoir of borax in the world.
Indeed. it is the chief source of the
worlds borax supply.
Shortly after leaving this lake We came
to the highest pass on the railroad. This
pass crosses the coast range at about
half a mile below the highest altitude of
the road from Lima to Cerro de Pasco.
and 1.50O feet less in height than that OF
the Peruvian Southern on it's way to Lake
Titicaca. Nevertheless. the height is 1900
feet above the sea, and We found 1t bit
terly cold at the crossing. The mountains
on each side were busted with snow, and
beyond them were several great peaks
covered with glaciers. On the way we
passed the two mighty volcanoes Of San
Pedro and San Paulo, or, as We should call
them in English. st. Peter and St. Paul.
st. Peter Is now active, and from 1t goes up
q constant column of smoke, while along
Its sides runs great bed of lava that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

all the ports between Valparaiso and
Panama, and now that the canal Is COM
pleted 1t will send northward the nitrate,
borax, copper, tin and other minerals
now pouring into 1t from the regions be-
hind
/ came to Antofagasta from La Paz.
My route was the one that ] took fifteen
years ago, when / rode three days across
the plateau on the top of the wagon that
carried the Bolivian mails This was
fromsL La Paz to Oruro, a railway station
about 600 miles from where l now am.
We pelted the mules ears with stones
and kept them on the gallop from day
light to dark. 1t was cold and we al
most froze at the rude inns of the high
lands From, Oruro to the sea came on
the train
My journey this year was all the way
in a comfortable car, and the trip to An
tofagasta took only two days. Our train
had Bolivian millionaires English, Aus
trian and American commercial travel
ers. miners of a half dozen different ma
tionalities, and a number of tourists We
stopped for six hours at Oruro and there
got sleeping compartments for the rest of
the journey. We had dining cars on the
trains and we travelled in comparative
ease.
cheaper Our sleeping berths cost us s. a
night. and the first-class passenger fare
was about s24 with charge for our bag
gage of about cents per pound. have
number of trunks and my extra bag
gage cost half as much as the fare. The
price for meals on the diner was $3.50
gold. with an extra charge for mineral
same water would cost In the United
States.
The first part of this trip was over the
high plateau of Bolivia This L. q semi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

looks as fresh as though 1t had not long
since come from the crater. This lava
is broken into millions of fragments. 1t
extends for several miles along the slope
of the mountains in plain view Of the
railroad.
St Peter is one Of the most symmetrical
of the worlds great mountains 1t Is as
beautifully shaped as Fujiyama in Japan,
Mount Cook in New Zealand, or Mount
Moyon in Luzon. The mountain rises di-
rectly up from the plain. The plain Is
level, with only here and there a few
pebbles or powders in sight. 1t Is per-
fectly smooth except for these mighty
windows of lava, containing hundreds
upon hundreds of millions Of tons. The
rock looks as though it had been broken
into pieces by the hammers of giants and
piled up by some intelligent force. 1t Is
a wonderful sight.
I have seen all Of the great mountain
ranges that wall the western side of this
continent The Andes are said to be the
last of the great mountain masses showed
up out of the sea: and Of all the high
lands they are in many. respects the
most wonderful. From Panama to Pat
agonia they form a mighty geological
garden such as can be seen In no other
part of the world. The combinations of
desert and rocks and sky give scenic
effects beyond description. Parts of the
Andes are more desertlike than the wilds
of Arabia or the Sahara. They show
you how the earth was made and the
terrible throes involved in its making.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

corded I'D, as it were. and around the
edges of the pile'I noticed that a white
band had been painted. asked the
reason, and was told that it was to
coal Such fuel in the high Andes is
worth $50 ton.
Our ride over the Bolivian plateau
was through a country as smooth as
floor. The plateau Is covered with stones.
It is supposed to have been at one time
vast inland sea- and sea shells are often
found upon it. Prof. Agassiz said
that the water level Of the ancient An
dean sea was three or four hundred
feet higher than the present level OF
the plateau. If so. 1t has all disap-
peared. as today the only large bodles
Of water found there are in the lakes
Titicaca and Poopo. The latter is a
brackish lake Joined to Lake Tittcaca
by the River Desaguadero. 1t Is only
about one-thirdi as large as Lake It'll
caca. Lake Poopo is the home OF many
wild fowls, and the region about it Is
filled with birds of many kinds, in
Guiding wild ducks and famingoes.
The lake has no visible outlet, but the
waters from Titicaca- are always flow
Ing into 1t and there must be some
underground channel that carries the
surplus away.
Oruro is thirty-six hours from Anto-
fagasta It is thriving mining town. sit
uated 1880 feet above the sea in the
heart of the Bolivian desert. 1t has about
10000 people, and it does a great trade
with the tin mining regions of the interior.
Its population rises and falls as tin
goes up and down The town has a gov
eminent palace. q theater. public
many business houses and some very
respectable stores. The streets are paved
with cobbles. and a rickety carriage car
ried me at a cost Of IS from one end OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

the town to the other; It has a plaza
upon which the public buildings face,
but altogether 1t is exceedingly dreary
Leaving there. I took the narrow
gauge railroad down to the sea- The
track has now width of only thirty
inches, but it is to be widened to a
gague of forty inches. which Is the
standard gauge for this part Of the
world. The main line starts at Anto-
fagasta and crosses a pass of over l3,0O
feet at distance of 223 miles from
the coast. 1t then descends to level
Of more than 1900 feet. which it Keeps
practically all the way north to Oruro.
The trip from Oruro to the sea Is over
one of the most picturesque routes OF
the Andes The most of the way Is
bleak and desertlike. but one sees sew
eral smoking volcanoes and also great
salt lakes with green islands apparently
floating upon them. After crossing the
Chilean boundary we came TO the great
borax lakes. These are owned by the
borax trust, and they supply the greater
part of that mineral for the whole OF the
world. There are, in fact. only three or
four places on earth where oorax rs
found in large quantities. Inc most
important Is these lakes. Next IN size
are some mines on the plateau OF TIBET
in Asia, and last are the deposits found
in Death Valley. Cal. The Chilean lakes
seem to be covered with snow. ana the
snow is the borax that rises to the sur
face and forms q blanket or crust ON the
water SO firm that men can walk on II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

At times you seem to be travelling upon
the very bedrock of the world. and
again as though old mother earth, in her
original nakedness Of bare rock, were
table. The walls of broken lava of which
I have been writing are perhaps 300 feet
high. The stones are dark red and they
are piled up in regular masses forming
altogether q whole an hundred times
the volume of our excavations at Panama
In other places the volcanoes have vornit-
ed sand. Again they have thrown out
deposits of rock the size of a walnut
and still again mighty powders of a semi
metallic nature.
All about these volcanoes Of ST. Peter
and st. Paul the scenery is magnificent,
and right between them Is a low crater
as symmetrically shaped as though cut
out by sculptor. This is Of a dark
red color.
Close to the volcanoes are the reser-
vofrs that give Antofagasta its water
supply. The water comes from the roof
ing 1t down. are 1913 miles long. The
reservoirs are at an altitude higher than
the top Of Pixies peak. The place is
known as the Siloli spring. cit has O
flow OF about 5000 tons OF water Der
day, the most OF which goes to the towns
on the ocean in pipes that are eleven
inches in diameter.
After leaving Bolivia, the whole way
down to the seacoast is through the des-
ert- The only green spots are the rail-
way stations watered by the pipeline
from the reservoirs above The most i'm
portant town is Uyuni. It has about
5000 Inhabitants. and 1t Is the point
where the branch road. now building to
connect with the Argentine system be-
gins. Uyuni has also other roads to the
great tin and copper mines nearby, the
ore being shipped from there over the
main line to the sea.
Some of the tin and silver still comes In
on the backs OF llamas. and that even from
Potosi. which is 120 miles away. The
llamas come In troops of 100 or more and
take fifteen days on the journey. A rail-
way to that point is almost completed.
private railway connects Uyuni with the
mining town of Pulacayo. which has 5000
Inhabitants. This is the center for the
French-Chflean company. The Huan-
chaca mines are said to have given to
the world nearly 5000 tons of silver
within the past twenty-five years, and
they are still yielding enormously. The
company uses electricity. getting its force
from the Yura river, which has fall
enough to develop 1900 horsepower. The
mines have twelve miles Of tunnels, and
they employ several Thousand workmen.
Going from Uyuni down to the coast,
we stopped at Ollague. where a branch
line runs off to the Collahuasi copper
mines, said to be among the richest In
South America. This branch line reaches
a height of $500 feet: and that OF Po-
tosi. north Of Uyuni. reaches an altitude
of 1854 feet. Both of these roads are
higher than any other railroads Of South
America except the Morococha branch Of
the Central Railroad of Peru, from whore
/ tobogganed down the Andes on a hand.
car That line has an altitude Of II, 6dS
feet, exceeding the Potosi line by moro
than fifty feet. I understand that the
line from Uyuni to the Argentine via
cross a pass of 10000 feet. II %. Il WIN
be the highest railroad Of the world.
FRANK @. CARPENTER
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

desert country about 500 miles long and
Of varying width. It's only vegetation Is
half-starved grass and dry bushes, but 1t
feeds thousands of sheep. alpacas and
llamas. and we had animal life IN sight
almost all of the way down to Oruro.
Now and then we passed a village Of In
dams and always there were the scat
tered huts Of the Aymaras spotting the
plain. The latter were round In shape
and many of them had roofs made Of
mud bricks, symmetrically Joined. A
single family often had several Of these
it's stock.
At one Of the stations where We
stopped to get our dining car we saw
a great drove Of llamas. They had
brought fuel to the railway for ship
ment to La Paz and were about to
return trip to a town in the hills. The
fuel was what I might call Bolivian
cord wood. 1t consisted of the limbs
Of stunted evergreens. each as big
around as your finger. They had been
grubbed from the mountains and pack
square and two feet in thickness.
Further down the road we saw great
piles of peat-moss, another fuel that
grows in the Andes. The moss is Of
a woody resinous nature. and when
lighted gives out a great heat. It
disks ranging in Size from the diane-
ter Of a tin wash basin to that Of a
tube.
All along the railroad we could see
also the piles Of English or Australian
Goa coal used by the engines IT. This is IN L,
regular order. At Uyuni. where the
new road for the Argentine is to Join
the La Paz-Antofagasta line, I saw
thousands Of these bricks. They were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

to the country hope to bring away q
piece.
The manufacture Of brussels lace is
very curious. Ono person works the
flowers, another the leaves and so on.
They are all sold separate and you will
see a pretty sprig for which the worker
only gets about II cents. The best OF
these flowers are also made In Brussels
and there Is very unhappy part con-
nected with their composition. O1ten com
Ing soiled from the hands of the lacemak,
ers, they have a reddish yellow cast. and
in order to obviate this evil the worker
previous to sewing the flowers on the
ground work, places them in packet OF
white lead and beats them with tne
hand. The lead powder flying on Is very
Injurious to the health OF the lace
cleaner
King A1bert's palace at Brussels
which is now in possession OF the
Germans, and the beautiful! royal pal
ace at Laeken- are filled with wonder
full treasures and masterpieces OF arr,
among them rare laces and tapestries
worth kings ransom.
In the palace at Antwerp are also
snecimens Of that exquisite mechl1n
lace, called the queen of lace" be-
cause of its flmy texture, which makes
it more delicate and transparent than
valenciennes. This dainty lace was
formerly much esteemed for head
dresses and the high standing collars
or ruffs Which Queen Elizabeth made
so popular and which are now IN
fashion in a modified form.
kk
The smuggling Of lace from Bel
GUM into France causes extreme vigil
lance on the part of the customs off,
GERS of the latter country. And SO origi-
nal and ingenious are some Of the meth
DDS that they would make a New
York dressmaker or diamond dealer
sit up and rub their eyes.
At one period in the nineteenth CEN
fury the government was much mysti-
fed over the large amount of lace
that they knew was being smuggled
into France, and yet they could find no
clew as to the means used. After q
great deal of vigilance they discovered
that dogs were trained for the pur.
pose. A dog was treated with unusual
kindness and attention at home. being
fed on the fat of the land, then after
a few weeks was sent across the from
tier into Belgium, where he was tied
up, half starved and generally III
treated. When he became very enact
ated the skin of a larger dog was fit
ted to his body. and the intervening
space filled with lace The dog was
then set free, when he would make
his way home, where he, OF course
received warm welcome.
When the smoke of battle - clears
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

away sufficiently the lacemakers of
both the north and south Of the king
dom will resume their work: as his
tory shows that the vicissitudes Of
war have never entirely crippled the
industry.
In the reign Of Charles II of Eng
land prodigtous amount Of lace was
bought in Flanders, and, while Charles
ulate the industry in his own king
dom. he did not curtafl the supply of
the richest and most beautiful for HIM
self and favorites
That prince of snobs. Samuel Pepys,
tells delightfully."- in his quaint Eng
lish: MY wife and 1 to my lords
lodging, where she and I stayed walk
ing in Whitehall gardens, and in the
garden saw the finest smocks and pet
ticoats of Lady Castlemaines laced
with rich lace at the bottom. that ever
I saw. and 1t did me good to look at
them"
England's sturdy George II, who
fought so bravely at Oudenarde, was
not forgetful even in time of war of
rich Flanders lace for his ruffles and
jabots. And our own revered George
Washington had a taste for the filmy
luxury. as Is shown in his orders sent
abroad for clothing. The great Ma
poleon was connoisseur of lace and
his court, being personally fondest of
brussels and chantilly
Besides the large number of wom-
en- engaged in the lace industry, there
are in Belgium over a hundred thou
sand woman agriculturists in their
own right, and about hundred thou
sand more who help their husbands
farm in times Of peace. and now that
the country demands every man that
can carry arms to defend her, on the
women will fall the entire work of
the farm, as well as the factory work.
The district known as the Herve, in
the southeastern part Of the kingdom
in the province of Liege, Is the great
grazing country. On every side are
little hillocks covered with fine green
grass. not a ploughed field or furrow
breaking the velvet carpet of the land
scape. the whole country being one
continuous pasture, where fat, sleek,
spotted cows Craze.
Here again. where the living is most
primitive. the role Of the wife Is more
important than that Of the husband.
She directs and carries on the dairy.
the largest source of revenue, making
the butter and cheese, looking after
the chickens and pigs: for 1t Is from
Herve that large numbers are exported
to Germany, and often when the tour
list fancies he is eating the delicious
pork from the Black Forest he is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

these women, when one recalls that most
of them at five years Of age begin their
apprenticeship, or enter schools for lace
teaching, and by ten years they earn
their maintenance. 1t is also true that
many Of them are blind before thirty, but
many more continue to very old age.
and are valuable to the industry owing
to their usefulness In preserving the lace
patterns which have been in use for Gen.
turtles, and in making necessary innova-
tons.
These women, when in the prime Of
life, working on an average of eleven and
a half hours day. can earn about z
cents an hour, or If very expert ana
there are not too many Interruptions with
family cares, can earn almost ~ cents
day.
They are the direct and natural repre-
sentatives of the Flemish craftsmen,
waltoons Of Liege and Luxembourg: To
them lace-making is not only an art, but
a tradition, and so few innovations or
improvements have been made In the CEN
turtles that if a Guipure laceworker OF
the early sixteenth century should chance
in Bruges today she could go to the house
of any one Of the workers In that kind OF
lace and find the pillow, bobblns ana all
implements used, exactly of the same
pattern as those she laid down when her
lacemaking days were over
X
It is to be hoped that war will not deal
too heavily with this old city of Bruges,
whose history dates from the third CEN
tury and whose belfry tower, the most
beautiful of its kind in the world, in the
great square, is made familiar to every
school child in America by Longfellow's
fine poem.
The Gruuthus mansion. an ancient tur-
reted house Of the fifteenth century
located In Bruges, contains the finest col
lection OF Flemish lace in existence. the
whole country around this quaint city Is
a fertile plain and though intersected by
canals there Is scarcity OF drinking
water, which necesstates each house
having its rainwater tank. Owing to the
unusual demand just now the Inhabitants
are suffering from a lack Of drinking
water.
Bruges itself and the surrounding coun-
try is full of lace workers, some working
in factories, or workshops, others work
ing at the cheap coarse torchon laces.
1t is very restful to see them sitting in
the sun by quiet canal side or outside
their houses in the stone-cobbled lanes
of the old city, where their house door
opens into a room as dark and narrow as
a fox earth. But now there is no rest
there, and the powder smoke must roll
away before the peaceful occupations can
be resumed and one sees them again
seated before their doors with their
pretty auted caps that are like halo
around some Of the old faces.
The lacemakers Of Brabant, the pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-06

only indulging in a bit of ham from
Herve.
The woman being better trader
the farm. and SO useful and necessary
Is she in the agricultural districts that
a widower seldom prolongs his state
of single blessedness after three
months.
The shops Of Belgium are largely keue
by the women. also the cabarets and
larger restaurants. as this enables the
men Of the family to engage In other
thus the family income can be doubled.
Restaurant life in Belgium is not car
ried to the excess that 1t is in France,
particularly in Paris. but the small
cabaret or drinking place is the social
club Of the workingman. After his days
work is done he goes there for his cheap
liquor and companionship. He may dis
cuss the different phases of socialism, but
more likely the last pigeon race. for that
is the national sport OF the small work.
ingman of Belgium. who frequently puts
too much Of his meager wages on a
favortte bird. Horse racing is incress-
ing over the kingdom. but It is for the
man OF larger means.
*&
The good fellowship and congenial
social life of the Belgians is especially
conmendable when one recalls that two
different nations speaking two different
languages dwell side by side in this little
kingdom. In the northern part are the
tall. big boned, fair Teutons or Flemish,
straightforward. practical and lacking in
imagination, who take their pleasures
seriously, and who speak, among the
people, the German language or a dialect
of It.
While to the south are the Walloons or
Latin race. speaking French. or
patois. They are smaller and dark, with
all the exuberance OF their Latin blood,
JoVial and gossipy. enjoying life as they
find 1t. fighting the battles OF their coun-
Try with energy and enthusiasm. finding
II hard to be convinced that it is poesibIe
Ior any OF the nations no matter how
great to whip their Jewel Of q Kingdom
Inc arts and crafts of the two different
parts OF the country show the character
OF the people. those of the north show
ing the stolid patience of the Teuton
blood with some Of its harshness. IN
the south the laces, embroideries and
tapestries In design and workmanship are
OF the women gayer
All the world knows that Matilda of
FLANDERS. the consort Of William tha
Conqueror, set the fashion in Tapestries
when she and her women worked the
wonderful Bayeux tapestry which after
more than eight hundred years is stiIl
world. VI eho
This strip Of goods, 214 feet long nv
twenty inches wfde is preserved in the
public library of Bayeux Its value conld
not be estimated. but Emperor William
can De trusted to leave It where # Ia. for
IKE his grandfather the old Erneror
William I, he claimed not to want tha
art treasures Of the countries he i'm.
vades. ''e liz