davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15

the estimated cost Of $240,000,00O be
came apparent. More than $3.50, OOO,-
900 had already been spent. The
company went into bankruptcy.
First work on a lock canal was taxi
en- up by the New Panama canal com
,pany in 1894, which practically ceas.
ed operations after five years work.
First digging by Americans, May
4, 190A,-taking over the rights and
property Of the French Canal Com.
pany, and obtaining necessary con-
.cession from the Republic of Panama.
First union Of Atlantic and Pacific
waters: Flowing UP of the, Gamboa
Dixie. when President Wilson touched
an electric button in Washington,
October 10, 1913.
First boat Of any kind to make
trans-isthmian passage: A nameless
mud scow of the Panama railroad,
which passed from the Pacific en-
trance to Culebra cut in November,
1913, and was sent to the Atlantic en-
trance in December, 1913.
First vessel to steam through can.
al: The crane boat, Alexander La
Valley, an old French boa. of 1900
tons, which passed from the Atlantic
to the Pacific on Jan. I, 1914.
First man to sy i'm through the
canal was Alfred Brown, an Ameri-
can, who swan from Gatun Locks to
Balboa, a distance Of thirty miles on
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15

but unable to report i~ntelligently,
suggested that the project was ,sacre-
.ligious. They quoted from the Bible:
What God hath Joined together, let
no man. put asunder." Accordingly
the project was put o N the shelf for
three centuries.
First E'ritish interest in latter part
of 18th century, when the expedition
launched by William Paterson, found
.er Of the Bank of England, attempt
ed to found a community on the 18th
mus Of Darien, soath Of the present
Panama, with the ultimate intention
Of establishing p tra%ns-isthmian route.
The plan proved an utter failure.
lAany other British surveys followed
in later years.
The German poet Goethe, a hun
dred years ago, made this remarkable
prophecy. 1T is absolutely ~indespen-
sible that the United. States effect q
passage from the Mexican Gulf to the
Pacific ocean, and am certain they
will do it."
First decision to build: In, 1914.
just. 100 years ago, the Spanish gov
eminent by decree entered upon the
construction of an isthmian canal,
but the idea was blocked because the
Central. American colonies succeeded
In throwing off the Spanish yoke.
First French interests came in 1926,
when President Bolivar Of the Repub-
Ii of New Granada gave a. franchise
for a canal ut Panama to q French.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15

Panama, Aug. 1.-THE canal
10. a.ssceDs &c activity tonight, IN
preparation foe. ~ opening ton1er-
row. .Ah1ara the .s~teanashlp. An
con, aMssess: and men are busy
setting syesythino shipshape fer
her early start u the mornino on
the first voyage Of : big ocean
.gqine sseanehiP Through the new
Washington. Aug. H.-When the
Panama canal is opened to worlds
tomorrow, it will crown
a series OF more than a score
Of interesting points in the history OF
the isthmus. As briefly told they
are: s.t,
First crossing Of the isthmus by
who, on September 25, --
much to his surprise found himself
gazing upon the raclfic ocean after
e days journey on foot.
First ships to cross the isthmus:
In 1914 Balboa and his men carried
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15

November "a last in IL hours, IS min
utes actual swimming time
First vessel to pass completely
around South America by way of the
canal was the tug Reliance, Captain
R. g. Thompson, which sailed, from
Colon, February II, 1912, voyaged
10,y500 miles around South America
and returned to the Atlantic ocean
through Gatun locks, February ! last.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15
TUE GIRL OF MYSTERY

AT the Bismarck Theater tonight and
Saturday; 2 shows in the afternoon
commencing at 2:30; 14th installment
of Lucille Love in Q daring ad-
yentures.-Adv.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15
F!NE Z MEATS.

Wa have the very best fresh meats
CT all kinds o. the market and by
doing the work ourselves, save a lot
of the cost. Fresh killed poultry TO-
day. D0HN,S MEAT MARKET, SIG,
Phone. 176.7--Adv.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1914-08-15
WAsHBURN's STOCK EXCHANGE
is OPEN FOR BUSINESS.

Nothing pays greater dividends on
an investment than a stock of coal
laid away In that safety deposit
vault Of yours-the coal bin.
MASHeuRN LIGNITE COAL co.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
WAR MEASURES MEAN
WORLD WIDE SPREAD
OF RADICAL DOCTRINE
Beiligerent Nations Have
Adopted Socialistic The
ories of Direct Control, !"
Says u. S. immigration
Commissioner.

NEW YORK, oct. B-An enormous
impetus to Socialism and worldwide
spread OF the revolutionary spirit will be
the result Of the European war, in the
opinion Of Immigration Commissioner
Fred Howe.
Europe has already taken tremendous
strides towards socialzation," said the
commissioner today. '1n every country
involved in the war the Government has
taken control Of transportation, telegraph
and telephone facilities and is exercising
a direct control over business and food
supplies.
Because war exists nobody seems 70
regard this as remarkable or TO realise
It's extreme Significance. It's effect, how
ever. will be felt long after the war has
CEASED"
That the United States will be pro-
foundly affected by this change in Euro
pean social conditions, is the opinion of
Commissioner Howe.
1.-THE close Of the war he said, will
turn loose an enormous army of men
made restless and dlscontented by their
withdrawal from farms and mills. Their
experience on the battlefield will have
changed vltally their character and upset
their old habits of life and thought
large number of these men will come to
this country and are bound to exercise
a very marked influence upon us"
The Commissioner was asked II n large
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
INVADERS MAINTAIN
POSITION IN POLAND,
AUSTRIA DECLARES
Aggression Constant and
Fierce Against Reinforced
Russians, War Office Says.
Success in Carpathians.

VIENNA, Oct 26.
Russia has sent strong reinforcements
to the army opposing the Austro-German
forces in Galicia and southwestern
Poland, according to an official announce
ment by the War ONCE today. The state
ment follows:
Austrian and German forces have
taken up a position in a nearly uninter-
rlrpted line from the northern spurs of the
Carpathians. by the way of Starry and
sambor, before the fortress of Przemysl,
to the Polish part OF the Vistula River
and to the district of Plock. This force
is opposing the main army of the Rus
slams, which has been heavily reinforced
by troops from the Caucasus. Siberia and
Turkestan.
'The Austrian offensive movement
across the Carpathians attracted strong
hostile forces.
I'm the middle OF Galicia, where both
armies occupy fortified positions. the bat
tie is stagnant,
Northeast OF Przemysl. and on the
lower San, the Austrans have had sew
4ral successes,
''In Russian Poland strong forces are
facing each other. and since Saturday
there has been fighting north OF the Vis-
tula between Ivangorod and Warsaw"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

immigration Of this character would havs
any decisive effect upon the struggle be-
tween labor and capital In this country.
especially in view Of the assertion that
the labor war in Colorado was said TO
be due to the fact that considerable
number Of the miners were ex-soldiers
from the Balkans.
That is a difficult question TO answer"
he said. "Tt would depend entirely on
what proportions this after-war immigra-
tion takes. Outbreaks such as that IN
Colorado might take place, but think
that they would be sporadic
One effect of the war on immigration,
according to Mr.. Howe. will be very
large increase in the number OF women
immigrants
"The war will leave a vast number OF
women in destitute circumstances he
said. MANY OF these will he brought
here by their relatives and friends In this
country. Others will not be wanted at
home because Of the difficulty of pro-
viding for them, and will be sent mere
by their men folks. However, this may
be modified by one circumstances. After
the war the European countries VIII ne
devotng all their energies to repair us
ravages. Work will probably be plentliul
and wages will necessarily. high rms
may induce a considerable number OF
posslble immigrants to remain in their
native countries
since the outbreak Of the war there has
been a very great falling off in immigra-
ton which has virtually ceased from
Germany France, Russia and Austria.
Curiously enough the immigration from
England, Commissioner Howe says mas
remained normal, as has that from soutn-
east and southern Europe.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
HEROIC BELGIANS
SACRIFICED SQUAD
TO SAVE MAIN ARMY
Small Band of Soldirs Held
Back German Onrush at
Mullem While Antwerp
Forces Escaped.
LONDON, Oct. %

LONDON. Oct 2s.
"All the Allies must take OF their hats
to the Belgian army, which. for several
days. has been holding in check two en-
tire German corps near Dixmude, frus-
trating the German designs on the strip
OF territory between DunlSirk and Calais"
says a despatch to the Times from one OF
its correspondents in Northern France.
The message continues:
ut Is now permitted to explain how the
Belgian army was able to take up a po-
stion on the User Canal; in other words,
how 1t was able TO make a successful
retreat from Antwerp in face OF the elab-
crate plans OF the Germans.
THE Belgian army escaped what might
be felt amounted TO annihllation by a
magnificent feat OF arms. 1t sent a force
Of few thousand men TO the neighbor-
hood OF Mullen lin East Flanders, l2
miles southwest OF GhenD. with orders to
hold back the pursuing enemy at all
costs for a sufficient period TO cover the
retreat Of the main army, which Rugged
the Dutch frontier on its seaward march
The battle Of Mullen eventually resulted
In the virtual annihilation of the gallant
little body Of Belgian fighters. but It
meant the salvation OF the Belgian army
and their Allies
The situation of the Belgians and
french at DIxmude has undergone a
ehange for the better in the last few
DAYS This does not mean, however
that the Germans are on the run Much
water will run through the User before
the Germans will definitely abandon
their design upon the northern coast.
he reports of a German retreat to-
yard Bruges are anticlpatory and exag-
sersted. The retreat up 10 the present
- matter OF mile or two, made In
otoeF TO get further away from the guns
eooard the warships. The Germans are
NV lntrenched a mile or more inland
.nu consequently are able to pay less
%ttshtlon TO sea attacks.
me casualties in the Belgian army
SuIlhs It's fighting about Dixmude have
zen tremendously heavy -but the spirit
o the troops Is stin wonderful"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
BOER REBELS AGAIN
ROUTED IN CHARGE
BY UNION SOLDIERS
Commander Reports Sur
render of 81 Men and Two
Maxims Belonging to
Colonel Maritz.

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa, Oct 26
Another defeat for the South African
rebels is officially communicated in a
statement given out by the Government
here.
The statement relates that a telegram
Calvinia, about 200 miles north OF Cape
Town and 100 miles inland from the At
lantic coast, asserts he is engaging a por-
tion of the rebel forces and a number
Of Germans with them. Ninety-one rebels,
including four officers, have surrendered
to the Nandes scouts.
lie has captured two Maxim guns and
a number of rifles. The Maxin1s belonged
to the union defense forces. Their crews,
who had refused to serve against the
union, had been made prisoners by the
Germans.
At the time Of telegraphing. Colonel Van
Derventer was still engaging the enemy.
1t Is officially announced that Colonel
Maritz, leader of the rebels, tried to
induce Colonel Brits to rebel also, writ
ing to him as MY Dear Old Brits, who
fought with me in the South African
War" In a long letter, he says: II
have declared South Africa independ-
ent."
Colonel Maritz, in this letter, mem
tions the terms under which the Ger
man Government will treat with South
Africa, including Independence for it,,
for Germans at Walfsh Bay and of
islands opposite Southwest Africa. 1t
is mentioned also that South Africa may
annex Delagoa Bay.
'If the rebellion falls the rebels en-
tering German territory will be treated
as German subjects" 1t says.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
100000 PRISONERS
TAKEN BY GERMANS
UP TO OCTOBER 81
Twenty-seven Genera | S
Among 5401 Officers
Held, Says Announcement.
Food for Captives of War.

BERLIN, Oct. 26.
Up to October 81 the German armies
IN the eastern and western theatres of
war had taken 29s,s69 prisoners of war.
1t was announced today. These included
54O1 officers, of whom "a are generals.
In addition to those enumerated many
more prisoners are on their way to
detention camps, and their numbers
have not yet been officially compiled.
German military men predict that by
the end of this month there will be
more than s25,OO0 prisoners of war in
termed in Germany. The prisoners
taken up to October 81 are classified in
the report as follows:
French-offlcers, 2472: privates, 146,S97.
Russians-Oficers. 2l64; privates. 1O4,524.
Belgians-Off1cers, 547; privates, 31,37S.
Engllsh-Offlcersy 215; privates. 1869.
OF the q generals in German fortresses,
Is are Russian, six French and three
Belgian.
The official German army organ,
COPY of which has been received here,
states that the German wounded receive
the same food from the Allies that Is
given to the sound prisoners of war. On
the other hand. wounded soldiers of the
allied armies, who are taken prisoner, re-
celve the same food that the German
soldiers receive.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

Generat Rennenkampf who is leading
the Russian army into East Prussia, was
cavalry general during the RUSSO
Japanese war He took a conspicuous
part in the battle of Mukden and in other
great conflicts, and came out Of the war
with a great reputation, although he was
charged with needlessly sacrificing large
bodies of troops in order to achieve brl-
liant exploits. He is noted as a severe
dsciplinarian During the war General
Rennenkampf disgraced and sent TO the
rear 80 officers for lying.
More than 200 Germans who were either
born i'm Great Britain or are naturalized
citizens have had their names changed
by due process Of law since war was de-
clared. Following are few of the Ger
man names and the names that displaced
them, as shown in court records;
"Tsiussman, Maclaren; Rosenthal, Rod
mes aolsch, Bathurst; Howits, Howard;
Sc.haack, Mayman; SchwerSl vincent;
Stohwasser, Stowe"
An English soldier shot four times, once
in the stomach, twice in one leg and once
in his thigh, was taken to the Red Cross
hospital at Poitiers in an ambulance. He
crawled out of the ambulance unalded,
although with some difficulty. Then ne
hobbled into barber shop next doonap
the hospital.
a mistake-that he was in the barber
shop, pot the hospital.
ST know thatl" he exclaimed, rather
petulantly But I want shave first
and want It right away"
He got It.
Caught weaponless while digging
trenches, n British force in Belgium, con-
slsting of n Mlddlesex company, put UP
stubborn fight against a party of Ger
mans using only their bare fists, accord
ing to Private william Court, who has
gone home wounded.
THE Middlesex company was DIGGING
trench" he said, "and was not
equipped for fighting. All Of sudden
horde of Germans rushed on them. l
never saw such display Of grit in my
life. Those MiddleseN men, with their
bare hands, went after those Germans,
who were charging with bayonets. One
big Middesex sergeant downed two Ger
mans with his fists before a German
bayonet got him. The boys fought brave
ly, but the odds were too great, and most
of them were bayoneted.'
London finds cheap amusement these
days by watching the searchlights play.
Persons residing in the southern part of
the city can see the huge white streamers
of light sweep the skies Neck-craning
crowds watch for hours the operations
OF the searchlight on the top of Charing
Cross Station.
An exhibition will open in few days
in London of a historical collection nf
Punch" cartoons, which will illustrate
the issues between Germany and the
European Powers from 1857 down to the
war now raging.
Wealthy women in Germany are giving
their jewelry to the war fund, receiving
in return an iron ring on which is in
scribed Gold Gave for Iron"
The London Daily Mail publishes this
story:
Some OF our soldiers, it seems. have
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
ROMANCE, COMEDY, PATHOS
IN THE GREAT WAR DRAMA

taken the reeImental mascots with them
to the front. This is no new departure
for in the Boer War most regiments
took their pets with them-by permission
or without It. Among the most notable
of them was Billie, the brindled bulldog
of the Second Royal Irish Rifles, who
had come unscathed through previous
campaigns, as his medals testified. There
we're also two monkey mascots which at
tracted attention, belonging, respectively,
to Strathcona's Horse and the c. 1. ",
both Of which rode in procession through
London at the close Of the war.
The most famous Of regimental pets
is the goat of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers,
but the record for service with the colors
belongs to the late and much-lamented
Bob. Of the Royal Berkshire Regiment
Bob-a dog-was at Maiwand when his
regiment made its gallant stand to cover
the guns, and he figures in the group OF
heroes pictured i'm THE Last Eleven at
Malwand." He came off with a bullet
wound in the back. and on returning to
England had the honor of being decorated
by Queen Victoria.
A peasant Of Qulevy fell into the hands
Of British patrol and was found in pos
session of SO marks, which he admitted
having taken from a wounded Deaths
Head Hussar AS the troops were off to
the firing line they did not know what
to do with the prisoner. He solved the
difficulty by asking for a rife, and for
four days fought courageously beside the
British. At Compeigne he was handed
over to the Mayor, tried for theft and
acquitted.
How Britain can still cheer itself by
song is revealed in letter:
I'm one of the compartments OF the
Folkestone boat train We we're discussing
CONFLICTING information as to the war,
when y burst of uproarious song came
from the platform. Every woman and
girl pressed to the window with shining
eyes.
What's that7 Long, long way to Tip
perary"? Song they sing on the battle
field? oh, do tell me the words! And
that? II saw yer. saw YER? Grand
Grand! Then as the train was steaming
out the soldiers stood at attention and
sang God Save the King and every
woman and girl in the train Joined i'm
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
BRITISH SUBJECTS DRIVEN
FROM BELGIAN COAST TOWNS
Germans Assert Spies Are Directing
Fire of Warships,

PARIS, Oct. 26-All British subjects
living in Belgian coast towns between
Mariarkerke and Knocke-sur-Mar have
been expelled and ordered into Holland
This is the result of the issuance of a
German proclamation at Ostend ASSERT
ing that British spies were directing the
fire of the British warships.
A trainload OF British residents left
ostend Saturday afternoon, mostly old
men and boys. They were warned not
to return to German territory under Sc
we're penalty The entire staff of the
Hotel Majestic in Ostend was arrested
on suspicion. One OF the first shots fired
into Ostend by British warship wrecked
the dining room of the Majestic, killing
several German officers dining there.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
BAN LIFTED FROM CODE
ADDRESSES TO WAR ZONE
Messages, However, Must Be in Plain
English or French Text.

Messages, However, Must Be in Plain
English or French Text.
NEW YORK, Oct. 26-The Western
Union Telegraph Company announces It
has been advised by the European au-
thorities that. beginning today, code ad-
dresses, which had been registered be-
fore July 1, 1914. may be used in mes
sages to the United Kingdom, France,
Russia. Japan, Egypt and Belgium
(when communication has been restored),
and also to the possessions of those
countries.
The text Of all messages must be writ
ten, as before. in plain English or
French, and are to be signed by the
sender. Code addresses as signature are
not permitted, however. Incoming mes
sages bearing code addresses registered
before that date will be delivered as
usual, but messages bearing code ad-
dresses registered after June 30 will not
be delivered.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
DREADNoUGHT OF AIR LANES
SEIZED; USED BY RUSSIANS
Mammonth Machine Turned Against
Foe in Warsaw Battle.

PARIS, Oct. 26.
A remarkable new aerial dreadnought
has been captured by the Russians in
Pennsylvania, with her pilot. the famous
aviator. Blatche, according to a Petro-
grad dispatch to the Temps.
The machine measures 80 feet between
the wings, is IS feet long. carries two men,
has an automatic engine and ample ac-
commodatlon for a quick firing gun and
ammunition.
The Russians are using II with wonder
full results near Warsaw They are also
repairing a captured Zeppelin to use II
against the enemy,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
CzAR PRAISES BALTIC FLEET
FOR PROTECTING LITT0RAL
Russian Sailors Support Of Land
Armies Commended.


The following telegram has been sent
bv the Russian Minister of Marine to the
commander Of the Russian Baltic Meet:
THE car charges me to express TO
YOU and the fleet his gratitude for the
activity this autumn season in keeping y
the sea despite the dangers of mines an y
submarines.
with skill and endurance the Bait ~
fleet has fulfilled the task of guardi r.,
the ittoral and supporting the armies
land Despite the enemy's numerical hne
periority and temerity, he has obtai the
no definite successes. The Gar belIt. !
that God will bless with ultimate vic5 us.
ti the RUSSIAN % sa.lS 49,. doar country Itiful
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
GERMANY TO HOLD SUGAR
Government Will Curb Present Un-
limited Exports.

LONDON. Oct. ga dispatch from
Berlin says that II is sem-officlally an
nounced there that the Government will
regulate the expectation of sugar so that
the larger part OF the crop will be kept
at home
The Government announced at the be
ginning OF the war that II would per-
NIT the free expectation OF sugar, and
its change. Of course, has been made on
the advice OF leading agriculturists.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
MoNARoHs EXCHANGE CROSSES
Kaiser and King Of saxony Bestow
Honors.

LONDON. Oct "A wireless dispatch
received here tonight from Berlin says:
The King Of SaxOny has bestowed
upon the Emperor the Ritter Cross and
the Grand Cross OF the Military Order
of ST. Heinrich, Emperor William, i'm
return. has bestowed on the King the
order OF the Iron Cross. hrst ana sec
ono class"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26
Unemployment and war

= INQUIRIES addressed By the British
oeia .,.. OF Trade to nearly an the principal
s-s+1 iseturers show that employers COW
si..s 10 Per cent OF the workpeople IN
sleasd In the returns received have not
"a saeeially affected by the var.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

LIT BROTHERS
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

Wealthy women in Germany are giving
their jewelry to the war fund. receiving
in return an iron ring on which is in
scrihed "Gold l Gave for IRON
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

One OF the Latest Millinery Fads
These are in black and light col
ored felts, i'm the very newest
shapes with black velvet facing
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1914-10-26

The London Daily Mail publishes this
story:
Some OF our soldiers, it seems, have