davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

The engineers of the Yukon Dis trict Gold Mining Companl win make an extensive examination of the min ing properties of the Windy Arm dis trict this year. The company owns the Venus. Montana, Vault, N. and M.. Uranus. and Joe Petty mines. formerly known as the J. H. Conrad properties.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22
(Frosn OFF Nxnhaness.l j

~sVeS VWS &ANAzssD@a8W1S
 The ameltee 'rekufna from Al3,7ee pounds of ore from the Mother lode mine near Kennicott save values of 16.45 ounces of silvAr and ss.s2 per cent ooppse. The copper was paid for at l2 cents per pound and lees $1.eo ton for treatment nsktsd s147.+1 per ton. The sum of s4ssO.ss was deducted for fEsight from Mccarthy to the Tanana ssusatsr. 4 check for S2e,22e.41 was rendered the Nothsr l. de Company.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22
ARE FRiENDs MisslNos

Ie so the INTERNATIONAL SEARCH
 COMPANY. Pauldins, Ohio. may be able to locate them for you quickly. Bend stamp for particulars. Adv.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

The bureau of fisheries has gone irto the fox raising business in Alas ka, a fact which k not generally known. and Uncle Sam is now ready to furnish breeding foxes and lease island farms to any person caring to so into the business of raising these valuable fur bearing animals.
 The body of dead man. believed to be that of Parsons. a trapper who has been missing several months. has been found on the trail over the di- vide between Iditarod and the Kus- kokwim.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

According to reports from Peters burg the election there last Tuesday was even more torrid than ketchi- kan's. Charges are made and will probably be investigated by the next grand jury that Illegal voting was re- sorted to. In addition to this two judges of election were candidates on the tickets. There is talk of contssting the whole thing.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

The town of Craig. In Southeastern Alaska, is stirred up over the proposi- ton of incorporating. A mas meet ing was held and the advocates of the plan of incorporation left the hall in disgust when thOy found they wSrs outnumbered three to one. Crais is in the forestry reservation.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22
WHY EAT POOR BREAD.

l. Whsa yes cen sst oooDt WHOLE eOA69 Drsad At % per leas. / ANVIL BAKERY, ], NOaTH PoLg BAKERY. 4
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

skasway will employ an additional teacher next year. 1t is estimated that there will be an increase of a0 pupils in the school at that place over the present year.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

Skagway's baseball team is practic. ing every evening on the home grounds
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

Fredrick Tennyson Congdon. ths Dawson lawyer. former governor of Yukon territory and former member of parliament from Yukon territory, Is opposed to trading any Canadian ter tory for q port On the Pacifc unlesa the whole of the AlaakA pan handle should be included in the territory re- cetved by Canada.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22
ALASKA NOTES

prapa<otoEy to the games that wul take place at Whitshorse May 90.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

The worthen lumber miiiA at Ju- neu have sen improved and the ca pacity increased to 45,0o0 feet of ium- Der per day. It is estimated that the sason's cut will aggregate s.0oo.oee feet. ..
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

Juneau socialists have adopted res olutions protesting against. employing federal prisoners on the public roads of Alaska They declare the practice to be wrong in principle.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

4AA satssa maeazlnss end nsssss
 paeskb@. nssies, AAaars c e.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

The American Yukon Navigation company is the name under which the White Pass will operate its boats pur. chased from the Northern Navigation Company.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

A man named Hoyss is reported t hsvs brokcn through LAke LebAzs with four dogs and drowned recently
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-06-22

One of the largest scrapers ever brought to Alaska will bs operated on Pedro creek, Fairbanks district James McPika who owns the ground. ssti- mates that he has enough to keep the scraper busy for the next Eve ysa<s.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-08-31

might prove salutary if similar meas
ures were adopted in England and ap-
piled to a few of those mean buck
sters with dirty, sordid little souls
who have taken advantage of the
war;. and of a foolish rush for COM
modities, to charge inflated prices
From a. LondonFnewspaper. e..-
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
If HEADACHY, DIZZY,
BILIOUS, '"CASCARETS
Your Liver Is Full Of Bile; Bowels
Clogged, Stomach Sour; Tongue
Coated; Breath Bad.
Get a 1O.cent box nowl

Get a 10-cent box nowl
You're biliousl You have a throb.
bing sensation in your head, bad taste
in your mouth, your eyes burn, your
skin is yellow, with dark rings under
your eyes; your lips are parched. No
wonder you feel ugly, mean and ill
tempered. Your system is full Of
bile not properly passed off, and what
you need is cleaning up inside. Don t
continue being bilious nuisance to
yourself and those who love you and
don 7 resort to harsh physics that irri-
tate and injure. Remember that most
disorders of the stomach, liver and bow
els are cured by morning with gentle,
thorough Cascarets--they work while
you sleep. A 10-cent box from your
druggist will keep your liver and bow
els clean; stomach sweet, and your head
clear for months. Children love to
take Cascarets, because they taste good
and never gripe or sieken.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
Mapleine Syrup.

Mapleine Syrup.
2 cups boiling water.
A cups granulated sugar.
! heaping teaspoontul Mapleine.
Thoroughly dissolve the sugar in the
water, stir in the Mapleine and strain
through damp cloth,
This makes one quart of delicious
table syrup, which is ready for use as
soon as cold.
One Gallon Syrup,
4 pints boiling water.
7 pounds granulated sugar,
l ounce or tablespoonfuls Mapleine,
Thoroughly dissolve the sugar in the
water, stir in the Mapleine and strain
through damp cloth.
English Walnut Cake.
l cup sugar,
u cup butter
Yolks of eggs
White of egg.
2.3 cup milk
Pinch Of salt
level cups flour.
2 teaspoons Crescent baking powder
Flavoring.
Cream, butter and sugar, to which add
one whole egg and yolks Of three well
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20

ages and ages let lie outdoors and un-
productive.
1 am glad that at last a proper pen
sings the praises for their Judgment
in settling such land. 1t is a land
full of songs of sweethearts and vel
low vested meadowlarks, and Royal
Mary Ann cherries with bigness to beat
the world!
And it was too bad that Quinaby,
after his long life of ease, holding up
the corner of Bill Griswold's building
on sunny mornings should finally col
lide with too much mince pie and climb
the skyward trail solitary and alone,
when all his tribe had gone b4, leaving
so much more room and pie for him!
Hoping that Oregon and the Pacific
Northwest may be still further blessed
with more of pour poetic descriptions.
V. T. Y,
j. W. REDINGTON.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20

leisurely trip on horseback through
the Beautiful Blue mountains of East
ern Oregon, along the higher ridges
and among the taller tamarax of the
eastern part of Uncle Jack Morrow
County, where the picturesque pines
talk back to the nestlings of the
mountain grOuse-on around the head
waters of the John Day and the NAL
heur and the Grand Round to the Una.
tilla and Meacham Krick and the Tum-
alum, the Toot-a-W Willow and the
Walla Walla-that is the wild, roman
tic region would like to have you
traverse and describe as you have so
beautifully described the Willamette.
Walkeen Miller eloquently described
the Blue Mountains in spots, but as he
had to hold down the job of county
judge while he was there, he had little
chance to get out and admire the hun.
dreds of miles of wild country and
tail timber all around there. But, cir
cumstances considered, he tells truly
thrilling tales about the chipmunx and
the squirrels and the grouse, pheasants
and other first settlers of the Beauti-
full Blue Mountains. When rode all
over that region it was as a U. y.
scout and courier ahead of the army
troopers during the Bannack Indian
war of rs, and the scenic scenes l
saw / lacked the talent to describe,
but the scenes were there just the
same, and they are still there, and l
hope that some day you will do for
them what you have done for the Will
a mette
Your verses make me now realize the
beauties of the Willamette Valley, and
why it was so attractive to the grand
old pioneers who to get there tackled
the hardships and savages of the Great
Plains during the 40's and the so IS
and founded homes along the Abiqua
and silver Krick, Pudding River and
through the Waldo Hills and the Red
Hills-Red with wild strawberries in
early June-give me the eating Of a
nation s strawberries and I care not
who eats its spuds!-snd on Chemeketa
Prairie and Salem Prairie, and over
onto Yamhill.
What reliable, dependable men those
pioneer pathfinders were-the Herrens,
the Nesmiths, the Waldos, the Greers,
Davenports, Durbins, Burnetts, Belts,
Fentons, Mintos, Gilberts, Consers, Tom
Shaw, the Looneys, the Gaines, Wiley
B. Allen s grandfather, the Moores
Van Gesner's father, Tom Morgan a1d
the stageman, the Lafores, George
Edes, Ed Hirsch, Sam Clarke, Winlock
Stiewers father, and Bush and Craig
the pioneer journalists, and all then
motherly, Woodworking wives-and the
rest of the industrious home-maters
who made such good use Of the land
! that Chief Quinaby's warriors had fol
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20

and flavoring last Bake in sheet or
layers in moderate oven.
Mapieine Frosting.
2 cups sugar.
Piece of butter size Of walnut.
2.3 cup milk.
Boil until it forms ball when drop
ped in water Remove from stove and
add one teaspoon of Mapleine and stir
until it begins to thicken.
Grandma's s Cookies.
cup sugar.
y cup shortening,
/ egg.
y sup sweet milk.
~ teaspoons Crescent baking pow
der.
Pinch salt.
Flour to make soft dough.
Cream shortening and sugar; add well
beaten egg; sift baking powder, salt
and flour and add alternately with
milk Make dough quite soft, just so
it can be handled. Roll out thin, cut
out and bake in quick oven.
Oatmeal Cookies.
egg.
Y cup sugar.
4 cup sweet cream.
a cup milk.
y cup fine oatmeal
cups flour.
! teaspoon Crescent baking powder,
teaspoon salt
Beat egg until light; add sugar, and
cream, and milk; then these to oatmeal,
flour, powder and salt mixed and sift-
ed. Toss on a floured board, roll thin,
cut in shape, bake in moderate oven.
Ginger Snaps,
Y sup lard
u cup butter.
large cup brown sugar.
/ cup water
tablespoon Crescent extract ginger.
/ teaspoon each Crescent extract Gin
anon and cloves.
quart flour.
w teaspoons Crescent baking pow
der,
Rub to a smooth paste the lard, but.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
San Diego, Calf, Jan. 27. 1914

San Diego, Calf, Jan. 27 1914.
Mr.. j. H. Cradlebaugh.
Author of Prose and Verse,
Corner of Marion Square and Mill
Krick,
Salem, Oregon.
(Care Hugh Owens, Mayor of South
Salem.)
Dear Mr.. Cradlebaugh:
John Gill; of Portland, has kindly
sent me your poems with the classic
Chinook title, which is certainly diff.
ferent from anything that ever hap
pened b4 in the book line, Encl. pl
fl. my thank for the great pleasure
your verses have given me.
You say things so beautifully about
Grand Old Oregon-things about one
of the best spots on earth, peopled by
the best people on earthl You say
the beautiful things that I always
wanted to say, but never knew how
The emerald vale Of the Willamette is
certainly one of the real beauty-spots
and -of-plenty.spots of the world
and you bring out those spots as
have never seen them brought out b4
Also pl. fl. encl. my congrat. An(
1 hope that some day you will make 8
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
WALNUT BRINGS OFFERS
FRENCH GIRL THOUGHT WAL
NUTS WOULD GO TO ENGLAND
BUT GERMAN GOT 1T.
UNITED PRESS LEASED wInn.l

"ri'' reo' Ao'-l'ecause walnut
"eH' 10 Uernany instead Oh hhgiand
d roina'ic young frencn girl Is oelng
oNer"neiiileu WIN ol1ers Oh marriage
rom oerillahs' mucn 10 tne disgust OIL
ner Pa'rlotic PARENTS during the
0nrlS'inaS les'iVi'ieS at name, yer
many "eai'ny inSnulac'urer hau d
"uso OHrls'nias 'ree huen WIN pres
ehVs' Vahuies, eVc" ana Wheh the Tree
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
BIG JOINT CELEBRATION
IN DENVER DUE TONIGHT
UNITED PRESS LEASED wIRn.I

Denver, Feb 20-ln an effort "to
nationalize patriotism" in. the United
States, to make the citizens of every
nationality come together in a body
and celebrate as one people instead of
individual nations, the patriotic soci-
eties of Denver, under the name of
the Washington-Lincoln Commemora.
tive Association, have joined to cele
brate the birthdays of Abraham Lincoln
and George Washington Simultaneous
ly tonight. The promoters hope that
their plan will be followed by patriotic
bodies all over the United States next
year. Governor Elias M. Ammons is
one of the principal leaders in the
movement. The celebration will be
held in the municipal Auditorium. Red,
white and blue will form the principal
decorations but each nation represented
has been given one box to decorate in
its national colors. In this box will
be seated the representatives of that
nation garbed in their national dress.
The program will represent every
nationality in the United States. The
flag salute by school children will open
the program followed by the highland
fling and Scotch, Irish, Welsh and
Swedish songs and patriotic drills by
italian, Greek and Japanese societies,
German, English, French and Russian
songs, concluding with the national
American anthem "The Star Spangled
Banner" A tableau will close the pro-
gram-''The spirit of 1914" with Co
lumbia seated surrounded by represen-
tatives of all nations ON the globe.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
SAID TO BE INNOCENT.
[uNIrnp pRnss LnAsnp VIM. !

lNNiAhb AhNoo WHEEL
San Rafael, Cal, Feb 20.-That new
evidence which may prove the inno-
cence Of Carl Joseph Pia, serving a
life sentence at Folsom for an attack
on Elizabeth Grapes in 1909, will be
considered by the grand jury Friday,
was learned here today. II was said
that more than 20 witnesses were
scheduled for examination, II was also
said the actual criminal would bo
named but that he had loft the vicin-
ity Immediately after Pia's arrest and
might bo hard to find.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
REDINGTON TELLS OF
LONGING FOR WEBFOOT
Writes Prose Poem About Willamette
and Pioneers and Recalls Old
Salemites.
PIONEER OF OREGON IS
LOCATED AT SAN DIEGO
An Interesting Missive From Man Who
Has Wide Circle of Friends
Throughout This Section.

The following letter from that de-
cidedly unique and always interesting
Old-time webfooter j. W. Redington
was received here nearly month ago,
but got lost in the shuttle and was only
resurrected today. While it says very
many nice things about its recipient
it also has a good many things that will
interest old Salemites and hence is
printed in full Redington has a way
of saying things that is entirely his
own and though it is not copyrighted
no one else will use it for the simple
reason that they can't Just read the
language and sentiment he links to-
gether in the following and you will
realize that there is only one Reding-
ton, and j. w. is 1T.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
May Be in Washington.

Seattle, Wash, Feb. 2O.-That Cath
crime Winters, 10 year old victim of
ltidnappers is the prisoner of a band
of gypsies travelling rapidly toward the
Canadian boundary line to escape the
action Of the United States, is the firm
belief today Of Sheriff Edward Cudi,
hee Of Seattle.
Six different persons have reported
a sight of the gypsies with a forlorn
little white girl with them on the road
north of Seattle, Cudihee has obtained
description of the wagon and gypsies.
Today he wired officials Of counties
to the north to be on the lookout.
Deputies from Cudihees office are
trailing the wagon.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20

beaten, add milk, sift salt, flour and
baking powder together, add to mix
ture also flavoring, Beat until per.
fectly smooth. Let stand ten minutes
before putting in three pans to bake.
Frosting.
Whites Of 3 eggs.
IL tablespoons sugar.
l cup chopped walnuts.
Beat eggs to stiff froth, add sugar
and walnut meats. Steam until thor
oughly hot, then spread between lay
ers and on top Of cake.
Never Fails DEVILS Food.
2 cups brown sugar.
y cup butter,
a cake Bakers bitter chocolate.
eggs,
y cup milk.
2h cups flour.
teaspoons Crescent baking powder
teaspoon Vanilla.
Crate chocolate, pour one.half cur
boiling water ON il and let stand un
til balance of cake is mixed.
Cream butter and sugar; beat eggs
until light and add to mixture. Sift
flour and baking powder, and add al
ternately with milk Add chocolate
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
ATTACKS WHEAT GAMBLING
OF MIDDLE WEST CITIES
UNITED PRESS LEASED wIRp,l

Washington, Feb. 2O.-Investigation
of alleged gambling in Chicago, Du.
luth and Minneapolis wheat markets
and "their gigantic cinch on the
worlds bread" was demanded in a
resolution introduced in the house yes.
terday afternoon by Representative
Manahan. He charged that the "num.
ber Of embezzlements, bankruptcies
and wrecks' caused by these agencies
were appalling.
"These markets" >" said Manahdn,
"hide their gambling operations, but
they iuggle the market so as to
make from two to five cents graft on
every bushel Of wheat sent out Of the
Dakotas and Minnesota.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20

Journal "want Ads" bring results
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
Seattle, Wash.

ter and sugar. Rub It into the flour
and powder sifted together. Mix in
to firm dough with the water and ex-
tracts. Roll out thin on floured
board, cut out with round biscuit cut
ter mad bake on creased pan.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
ITALIAN BIRTH RATE HIGHER.
UNITED PRESS LEASED w1Re.l

Rome, Feb. 2O,--Italy today is re-
joicing over its birth rate for 1913
which exceeded the deaths by SO for
every thousand of population. The
deaths themselves were only eighteen
per thousand, showing marked decrease
over preceding years.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-02-20
CHILD RESEMBLING MISSING
CATHERINE WINTERS FOUND
UNITED PRESS LEASED w1np,l

New York, Feb. 20.-A child resem-
bling missing Catherine Winters was
found today with band of gypsies
at Napoleonville, near here She ap.
peared dazed and first afraid to talk.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-06-05
ROO ,eWELT FOR GOVERNOR

New York, June 4.-State leaders
Of the Progressive party met here
today to discuss the approaching
State campaign. Notwithstanding
Colonel Roosevelts declaration be.
fore he sailed for Madrid that he
would not be a candidate for Gov
ernor this fall, some of the State
leaders today expressed the belief
that his decision was not final.
~-~-~-~s~-~~-~--.~~>-.~--
United Daughters of the Confedera.
cy."
"They have beat their swords into
plowshares and their spears into
pruning hooks.
''Victorix causa Dis placuit, sed
victa Catoni.
''Not for fame; not for place or
for rank; not lured by ambition or
goaded by necessity; but in simp' e
obedience to duty as they under
stood VT, these men suffered all
sacrificed all, dared all and died."
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-06-05
POWELL IS FOUND
GUILTY OF MURDER
SWIFT JUSTICE FOR PHOENIX
Ro5BERY--sEALED VERDICT
IN WATERS CASE

In superior court yesterday with
Judge c. B. Conyers presiding, the
jury in the case of the state VS..
James Powell returned verdict of
murder in the first degree, with a
recommendation for mercy, and the
prisoner was given a life sentence in
the penitentiary. Powell was con-
victed Of the murder of Henry Jones
} in .191lI -, p rt
In the case Of the state VS. Johnnie
Parker, ASSAULT with intent to MUIR
der, the jury returned verdict of
guilty as of misdemeanor, and Par
ker was given a sentence Of IL
months on the chaingang, or fine
Of $3.50 and costs
State VS. Jimmie Houston and Hen
Try Williams, burglary and larceny
from the house, plea OF guilty was
entered by both men and Houston
was sentenced to years and VIII.
Jams to II years on the chaingang.
Houston and Williams were arrested
last week by Officers Price and Pad
gett for robbing the Phoenix Grocery
company
State VS. Arthur Waters, simple lar
ceny, a sealed verdict was returned
by the jury last night Waters fs
charged with selling a horse and
buggy belonging to Alex duBignon
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-06-05
SCHOOLS CLOSE
ON FRIDAY WEEK
EXAMINATIONS TO BEGIN ON
MoNDAY-cLAss OF TWELVE
TO GRADUATE

The public schools of Brunswick
will close on Friday, June II, after
one of the most successful terms iii
their history.
Next Monday the yearly examina-
tions will begin in all of the schools
and the children and teachers alike
will have a very busy week of II
These examinations; which are held
at the close OF each term, win con.
tinue, from Monday until probably
Thursday I
The graduating, exercises will, take
place ON Friday night, June 12,. at
the sgrand opera, house, when the
diplomas will be presented to the
graduates by President A. v. Wood,
OF the Glynn county board of educa-
tion. There are twelve members of
the graduating class this year and
it is expected that. all of them will
go on through the term and receive
their diplomas.
The school term now drawing to
a close in Brunswick has been a sue
cessful one in every way. The at
tendance, during the entire term,
has been the largest in the history
of the city and he pupils have all
made excellent headway in their
work.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-06-05
SERVICES HELD IN
QUEBEC FOR DEAD
CITY IN MOURNING AS TWELVE
OF EMPRESS CREW ARE
LAID TO REST

Quebec. June 4.-Twelve of the
crew of the steamship Empress of
Ireland who perished in the st. Low
renee disaster We're buried here to.
day with fitting ceremony. The fun
eral procession moving 20 the music
CT military bands, passed between
double rows CT sorrowing spectators
and everywhere flags were at half
mast.
Services were held in two churches
a Roman Catholic. where five of
the bodies lay, and the Anglican
Cathedral, where there were seven
of the dead.
The Duke of Connaught was Off
cially represented by Captain Bullion
his aide de camp. Sir Francis Ian.
gelier Lieutenant Governor: Sir Lo-
mer Gouin, the premier; and men,
bors Of the cabinet attended in per-
sen. Mayor Drouin and the council
followed the cortege in the ranks of
which We're several Canadian Paci-
fic Railway officials.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-06-05
GUADALAJARA IS
NOW SURROUNDED
REBEL ARMY UNDER GENERAL
oBREGoN HAS THE CITY
BOTTLED UP

On Board U. S. s. California, Ma.
zatian, Mexico, June 3. (Via Wireless
to San Diego, Cal, June 4.)-Guada-
lajara, the objective point of the
recent operations of the Constitution.
alist army of the northwest under
command of Gen. ODregon, had been
effectually surrounded. Three columns
of Obregon's army, according to Off
cial information reaching Admiral
Howard, have succeeded in shutting
off the city to the national capial on
the east and Manzanillo and the Pa
clfic coast on the west.
Communication between the west
coast of Mexico and Mexico City has
been completely severed according
to information reaching the American
fleet here today.
A party of Constitutionalists en-
route from San Bias to Las Tres
Marias Islands, sixty miles west of
Tepic, have captured the Federal
prison and the radio station, which
will isolate the Huerta troops op-
>erating in the west from any direct
touch with their chief