davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26

ton with relation TO the envelope au-
tomatically according to the thrust of
the motor and the degree OF air re-
sistance.
Various accidents have happened 10
this type OF tiier--some of them rather
curious. For instance, in 1905 one OK
them buckled in the air, yet Major
Won Parseval. wtV WAS flying the ma
chine at the time, was able TO descend
I'm safety. AT another time one OF the
machines struck balloon shed and
collapsed.
The latest disaster---the collision In
midair of an aeroplane and dirigiblc
near Vienna, Is the most remarkable
in the history of aviation. The bal
loon was of the Parseval type and had
made a number of flights
England, Italy And Switzerland.
England has dabbled very little in
dirigible balloons, preferrins aero
planes. The Baby" army dirigible
and the Null Secondus." however.
are well known fiiers. Colonel Temp
Ter, the superintendent OF the Army
Balloon Department at Aldershot, Is
the Zeppelin OF England, although
very little has been heard of his Work.
The Italian military dirigible re-
sembles a sworltish. and great secrecy
IL maintained about Its mechanism.
Switzerland. 700, has experimental
in airshps, but they are used TOT
CARRYING passengers. The "Lucerns
T." and .Lucerne H." both OF the
French type. have made successrui
trips over Lake Lucerne and one OF
them made fight over the Rigt
which is about eight thousand feet In
height.
These accidents and fatalities have
not deferred airship building or nyins
and every day during the summer
flights are made. Scores OF Americans
boast OF flying in Europe" The
price of an aerial outing ranges from
twenty-five to one hundred dollars,
according to the length OF the night.
Food and drinks are frequently served
aloft. the writer being present at one
of these feasts. The inevitable post
card seller Is on board In the shape
OF the steward, who when he Is not
serving the inner man Is tnveigling
people into buying post cards. These
he stamps with the Zeppelin stamp,
which proves that the writer was up
in the air" when the card was written.
Flying through the air in one OF
these big machines Is q delightful ex-
perience and well worth the risk Il
the passenger likes excitement and
does not suffer from NERVES"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26

TT EHEEE the mighty mountain
chains a the Coast Range
"A ard Sierra Neva das meet In
~ northeast rn Caiif or J a
stands Mount LAssea---tee only active
weicano n continental United States,
Towering 1887 fee; above the level
r d. the sea- and topping the surround
rig country by 5.ooo to 5000 feet
Mount I4ssssa broke into violent erup-
sson en- Memorial Day. after a sleep Of
centuries. a food 81 smoke. steam
ard ashes roa-ed from the crater, and
giant o4ouldsrs Numbered forth from
the baAhinR pit. - crash down the
mountain s!de. Several eruptions have
followed chs initial outburst, and the
giant crater S sestbing and rurnbling,
pouring forth clouds et smoke and
steam. 7s5th The mountain top crumb-
.srg lnte the vast opening.
Tbs e~upt3ons have generally lasted
srera ten 70 thirty minutes. with the
VAST pillar oE smoke a times attain
ing q height Of two 70 three milea.
with two and three outhursts occur
srlg In. s single day. Vast quantities
Of k2,ph4r have been belched forth,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26
Santos DunlOnf.

Then Santos Dumont, a. young
Brazilian less than twenty-five years
Of age. came In the field In Paris and
built his famous Santos-Dumont bal
looms one after another. Several times
he barely escaped with his life but
he continued 10 try. try again" and
became known throughout the world
as the imam bird" Besides being
endowed with determination. pluck
and common sense, Monsieur Santos
Dumont possessed ample means to
carry on his work. and he finally Sue
ceeded in surprising everybody by his
control OF aircraft. with his No. A
balloon he sailed around the Eiffel
Tower In Paris, and won a $4,000
prize. His No. 8 was wrecked at
Monaco, and he Just escaped drown
ing. No. 9. small dirigible. was his
masterpiece. He loved the limelight
and his clever management of this
machine won him undying fame.
First Military Balloon In 1902.
In 1902 Paris set about to find some
body who could build n dirigible suit
able for military purposes. for despite
the success Of the Dumont machines
they were unsulted Tor army WORK
The Lebauby brothers, Frenchmen OF
wealth and education, experim ented
for some time and finally presented
the Government with the results of
their work.
The famous "Patrie" on which
France set so much store was lost
in the north of Ireland after 1t had
crossed the English Channel. The
propellers were broken In landing and
the aircraft drifted out to sea and was
never found.
Most people remember the great
| c,sar-shaped "ville de Paris" with its
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26
Ever Since 1888 the Europeans Have TakenSpecial
Interest In Aeronautics The Evolution of the
Balloon and the Many Disasters That Have
Occurred During Aerial Experiments.

gas engine of the Lenoir type, the gas
being taken from the balloon itself,
which loss was made good by Initiating
balloonets inside the main envelope
with air. Coal gas was used to initiate
the bag but the lift was very slight
and very little speed was obtained.
During the siege OF Paris, Dupuy de
LONE, Il marine engineer. built dirlgi-
Bile balloon for the French Govern
ment. -bit 1t, too, proved to be of lit
tie value. In 1882 the Tissandier
brothers constructed spindle shaped
airship. which had wooden stay
through the centre of the envelope.
This was supposed TO render II more
rigid in travelling through the air
one Of the features OF the Zeppelins
Of today While this machine lifted
well and few IT. lacked IN speed and
was considered a failure.
Next came the la France" built
by French army officers in 1884. They
assembled in the machine and few two
and one-half miles. returning to the
point oe stsrting--the first time such
q thing had been accomplished in
aeronautlcs The greatest enthusiasm
prevailed over this feat and France
rested on her laurels for time de-
ciaring that they had succeeded In
making the real dirigible.
In the meantime, two Germans.
Doctor Wo!fert and Herr Bumgarten.
built cigar-shaped dtrigible. which
rose 70 the height Of FIVE or six hun
bred feet. but later 1t exploded from
some unknown cause.
The aluminium frame airship was
/ first built by man named Schwartz.
I but he died before 1t was fully tried,
and the machine was afterward
wrecked by coming to earth too sud
dsniY.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26

~ He first balloon ascension took
~ place IN Paris. France, in 1888,
"a when the M0ntsolfer brothers
<sss sent up a huge round. gaS-nlled
SILK balloon from the Champ q @ Mars
an August anty~seventh IF that year.
An enormous crowd Eaw the ascension
and France became balloon crazy, So
eteflea were formed for the purpose
Of encouraging experiments In aero
nau.ics and large sums Of money were
subscr bed 70 s4d in the work, Today
the same thing exists not only In
France bat ell over Europe and mil
lions II dollars are being spent IN ex-
pertments IA air travel shortly after
the Mcr1solfer ascension the scientists
tried the eggshapAd balloon bag later
tins Asa type, and finally the cigar
shaped envelope OF the present day
Many Hives we're lost and thousands OF
collars were apent Ia various try outs
Screw propeilers In 1850.
As early as 1850 the idea Of screw
prcpeilers worked by hand cropped up
ss the best solution Of a means of
propulsion, and strange as II nne,
seem. the shape. rtYidity and screws
thought cf SO early in the history OF
balloonlng were on lines almost idenu-
cal with those OF the present time.
The aeronauts OF those days were,
however, Handicapped by the lack of
any suitable engine such as the motors
cow used. and It was not until 1872
that one of even moderately sue
cessfQl type was constructed. This
q - z1s ar, MI ~
Paul Haeiein and closely resembles
the French military diiigible of today
although 1t was q mere baby as com
pared with tho ones used at present
The driving power was an innovation
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26
ZI2eET1D<A0H I LL5"
"1 DSo I,S~uDE

HAr 2rIr11 bezl-@
.I~oz7 5uwMLI &2s2S9
z0aNuSe Aac1hg
Ir101U CF2Yl2~
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-07-26

10 II Il first balloon ascension took
place IN Paris. France. in 1888,
when the Montgolfer brothers
The evening world., 1914-03-25

preceding the raid on the church, tcs-
tined that when Jane Est shouted
S,it that the streets Of Paris ran With
blood when the common people en-
tered the French churches Tannen-
baum shouted that the same thins
would happen In New York. His tcs-
timony followed closely the lines OF
the evidence given by the detectives to
the effect that the mob was disorderly
within the church.
POLICE srGNooRAPhgR TELLS
OF rHReATS.
Nuirooney testified that he could
Identify two Of the number OF mer
he cav standing on pew benches
while cat-calls were sounding.
Policeman Haskins. who followed
the ARMY" ~ q stenoerapher. testi.
nsd that he took down = part Of Tan.
nsnbaum's speech In Rutgers Square
The stenosraphic notes Of tho speech
and bloody threats went into the
record. Haskins swore that In the
church many Of the mob ran up the
aisies with their hats on. Hc hoard
some one shout: Men. keep you,
ssAts." Tho crowd was noisy and
there was no longer tho quiet that
marks q Christian church during an
evening In Lent.
Attending the trial there was only
. handful Of women to-day. Ono OF
them was Jane Rolston. the RED
Virgin" Of Jack London's novel, THE
Iron Heel" She loft the Criminal
Courts Building for a visit to the
Tombs a. three OF tho Tannenbaun
"army" wero released after having
served workhouse sentences.
Tho Red Virgin" embraced the
thrce ex-stone crackers on tho steps
Of the Tombs and called them "heI
boys"
At tho afternoon session Father
John q. Schneider. pastor Of IT. Al
phonsus's, testified that Tannenbaun
asked. first, for lodging In tho church
II told him no. He asked II W.
would give him and those with hin
food. I said no. lie asked for money
] said no. He said, We'll. no harm II
done. This interview was In the pas
tors house. Tho priest gave as one
reason for his refusal the fact tha'
tho sacrament OF the mass was oi
the altar.
The evening world., 1914-03-25
l!D!GEsI!eN, !!!!! !!?!! Gas G4S.!! Or :,
Sex. SOUR STOMACH
: Time "Pape's Diapepsin" "!In
five minutes all stomach
misery is gone.

Really dess'' put bad stomschs In
Ss19-"rsally does" overcome indises-
ISisa. dyspepsia. ga. heartburn and
asusoss In five minutes--that--just
ithsA-nakss Pape's Diapepsin the lar
- sslliAg stomsch regulator In tho
,WsA. II what you eat ierments into
stubbsss lumps. you belch gas and
~PuslaAs sour. undieested food and
~; hesd y dissy and aches; breath
i1sul; tongue coated; your insides filled
WiAk bile and indigestible waste. re-
I, nsnhas The moment "Pspe's Diapep-
-" comes in contact with the stomach
Z. ~ sch distress vsnishcs. It's truly
s1aG1aQ1shing - almost marvellous. and
~ 10y 10 ils harmlessness.
n a lasge 6fty-csnt case Of Pape's Dia-
kbspsia Win give you . hundred dollars
'kv6sth a sstisiactioa. or your druggist
haals yen your money back.
rs Wosth IL weight In gold 10 men
.aal wonsa Who can't ct their stom.
s,pehs resulsted. II belongs IN your
ssksns-should always be kept handy
- eass q . sick. sour. upset stomach
Ausiag ths day or ct night. It's ths
Qoich1st, surest and most harmless
SossnacA doctor In the world.
The evening world., 1914-03-25
Young Leader Promised to
Make Work for White Wings
In Removing Gore.
DISORDERLY IN CHURCH
Wont Workers" Disap-
pointed Because Trial Isn't
Attracting Any Attention.

A. . spectacular Incident IN city
- ths trial Of Frank Tannsnbaum.
s0-cmnibus In an east side rsstau-
sonH and now an Acknowledged
Iealsr Of the I. W. W.. turned into .
- failure to-day. Tho stage man.
1nOument was very bad. There was no
10W1ins prolstariat at the doors Of
SJU1ge Wadham's part Of General
! Seasons Court in tho Criminal Court
= Dul1dinS. Even the police stayed
aWay and the second act In the al.
,loUsa sociological drama Of the Peo-
~ against Tannenbaum played 70
.o0Uty benches.
!, Doeanss Tannenbanm participated
h . disordseiy gathering whom he led
- army into the Roman Catholic
.C1ureh oe et. Alphonsus, twelve aver
80 eaE1ssns Of comfortable aspect and
svesA businesses TO attend TO or Jobs
- nourish are coopsd up In . jury
: obox and the Judge OF an important
y court y cAss adrift from HIS regular
docket. Judge and Jurors are gottins
~ punishmcnt for Tannenbaum's
: nisor0srliness. And yct tho once OF
~ D1strict- Attorney takes the cass
soeiously and Assistant District. Al.
4eeaey T. Channon Press DIRECTS the
y seoeecution with gravity.
uvsa jusors seemed to have become
tesod to-day. Tannenbaum was not
hewover. Although tho spotlight va
. lin one he seemed 70 enjoy hl
oeroll up the aisle OF the court room
- his seat beside Justus ghemsld. ht
= counsel.
FAIlo TO oGT ANSWER PRoh
n POLICE LIEUTENANT.
IIasutsuant Patrick 0ildsa was 70
ealied TO the stand BY counsel for tn
Aeesoss when court hnaily got unds
Nv, thrss-Quarters Of IN hour lats
~. Ghefasld met with sustained oh
1oee1uns and iinaliy allowed 0iidsa =
-.sseaps after f!vs minutes.
Policeman Edward d. Nulroonsy. oI
auty 1t the Rutssrs Square msstinl
The evening world., 1914-03-25
LOBB|ES LOSE GRIP
AND BANKING BILL
PASSES SENATE
Pollock Measure Goes First,
but Van Tuyl Code Is to
Be Pushed Ahead.

ALBANY. March 3S.-Attention of
the Legislature to-day was centred on
revision Of laws governing state
banks and trust companies. including
regulation Of department stores and
small private banks. Gov. 0lynn has
ready an smsr9sncy message request
inG urgent action. 90 that the new
code prepared by tho Van Tuyl Bank
ing Revision Committee would not be
lost In the rush Of the sessions Of the
closing days.
A. soon ~ the bill In sngrosssd the
Senate will begin debate looking to
m passage to-day or tomorrow and
then send Il ON to the Assembly.
While waiting for full code revision.
the Senate took UP the Pollock bill
for regulation OF private banks which
10 embodied in the new code and
paused Il separately. 30 that Now
York may bs saved from further
Siegel bank scandals In case general
revision In delayed.
Extraordinary work has been done
by banking interests from all parts Of
the State In an endeavor to harmon
ise their divergent Views. At first
thers were active Hobbies working
against each other In the legislative
halls.
Lossv WORKERS TURN ABOUT
FACE.
Particularly wore the representa-
tives ut private bankers engaged In
1 an attempt to head of any restrictive
measures. Then II was suggested that
the Hobbies leave the Capitol and 10
TO work With each other. with the re-
suit that an agreement was reached
on . number Of contested points a
being tho best that could be expected
Even the representatives Of east side
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-26
The Claf1in Failure.

The Clafiin failure in New York, putting
the largest retail dry goods establishment
In the United States into the hands of
receivers. does not necessarily signify the
fundamental unsettlement of business con-
ditions. nor should it be regarded as a symp-
tom of hard times" Immediately at hand.
II il apparently plain case of attenuated
business extension. From the headquar-
tiers store ramified a series of subordi-
nate establishments in different parts of
the country. constituting a miniature dry
goods trust 1t is explained that the
troubles of the parent company are due
TO its Endorsement of the notes of the sub
sidiary concerns, issued for the increase
of the working capital. In other words,
the capital and credit of the concern
were spread out too thinly and when
the crisis came it was impossible to OBJ
tain additional funds, for which there
was no available security.
One Of the bankers who participated in
the conference at which it was hoped to
provide the means to tide the, companies
over their difficulties without court pro-
cedure declared afterward that there is
at this time plenty of cheap money in
the market. This is gratifying Indication
Recently an eastward movement Of Amer
lean gold has tended to awaken fears OF
a grave unsettlement of the business bal
ance and possible money stringency.
So far, evidently, this has not occurred.
The President declares that the country
is on the eve of a great business boom.
II is devoutly to be hoped that he speaks
from knowledge and not from mere opti-
mism, II the Claf1in failure is simply
q sporadic case and not indicative of
general business unsoundness il will have
only local effects, On the other hand
81 the embarrassments Of this widely ex-
tended corporation touch the banking in
stitutians seriously the protective quail
ties OF the new banking and currency
system may soon be put 10 a test,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-26

it often. Some men were deeoly at
tached to him. Others feared him. Others
still, uninfluenced by either attachment or
fear. simply admired him. AS President
of the United States he was compelling
force for eight years. and at the close
installed a personal friend and follower
in his place.
But what would Old Hickory hav" done
,, with the canal tolls question" can We
| think of his taking any other than an
American view of thorough American con-
troll of the greatest of American enter
prises? Great Britain could never nave
secured any advantages at Panama or
elsewhere through him. Champ Clark
speech in the House had the true Jack
sonian ring
What would Old Hickory have done
about Mexico, Can We associate policy
of "watchful waiting" lasting twelve
months with him? can We think of him
as sezng Vera Cruz and then calling
halt?
What would have been his course when
approa ched by Colombia about the Pan
anna revolution and its consequences?
What sort of treaty would he have sun-
mitted to Congress covering the matter"
Gen Jackson. though so firm and
downright. was vet a consummate poll
tician. While on the bench he was &C
cused of being a political judge. When
in the army he was accused of being a
political soldier. His opponents faneiad
they could trace i'll all he did while in
any branch of public life some object po
ltical in its nature They did not con
vince the country that he had been other
than right either as judge or general
But when in politics proper he was all
politician: and he knew the game. Pitted
against masters like Clay and Webster
and Quincy Adams. he vet trumphed right
along. and became the greatest individual
force since Jefferson.
Gen. Jackson knew men and values
from personal contact and experience. He
knew next to nothing about books or
theories. He did not attract bookish men,
or as rule operate through them. It
has been said of him by students of his
career that he possessed in large meas
ure the feminine quality of intuition. He
knew things. and held to his knowledge
tenaciously.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-26
The Salem Fire.

So much of history and tradition cen
tiers in the old town of Salem, Mass.
that the news of its visitation by fire.
with loss Of perhaps more than $4,000
600 and the destruction of many famous
old buildings and landmarks, comes as a
national calamity. This is one of the
truly ancient towns of the new world,
having been settled nearly 300 years ago
by Roger Conant and a company of
planters who had unsuccessfully sought a
situation at Cape Ann. The new settle
ment throve and developed a character
distinctly different from that of the other
Massachusetts town. This character was
given tragic demonstration in 1892 when
as a result of the hysteria of ten girls
who had been secretly learning palmstry
and magic tricks from the West In
dian house servant of the village pastor
an epidemic of witchcraft accusations
swept through the town. Within space
Of four months hundreds We're arrested
and many were tried before commission
ers. Nineteen were hanged and one was
pressed to death for refusing to plead.
When the excitement had spent itself
Salem awoke from its frenzy of cruelty
to find that it had gained an undying
diately remembered as the scene of the
great witchcraft delusion which cost the
lives of score of innocent people and
did infinite harm to an entire generation.
Gentler associations are connected with
the name of Salem, however. than those
that originate in the CHASTITY fury of the
witcheraft prosecutions. 1t was the scene
of Nathaniel Hawthorne's birth and lit
erary labors and his works immortalize
the buildings and traditions of the ancient
town so that they have become Nertably
national properties. Fortunately most
of these landmarks are preserved from
the devastation that in a few hours swept
Salem. 1t is a singular fact that the
fire was started by an explosion in a
factory at the foot of 'Gallows hill. re-
puted to be the scene of the executions of
the witchcraft delusion.
Todays dispatches telling of the fire
horror of last night bring a note of
courage and optimism. The people of
Salem. undaunted by their losses and
sufferings. have already begun to plan
for the future and doubtless in few
months all traces of the fire will have
been removed and a new and better
Salem will have risen from the ashes
The spirit of Roger Conant and his pio-
neer settlers still prevails.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-06-26
Wilson and Jackson.

Somebody in Iowa writes to the Presi-
program:
IF the people will only stand by you
as they stood by Jackson. then only those
who labor insidiously and increasingly to
further selfish interests need have any
fear"
When Mr.. Wilson Is praised there fire.
rrteutly is reference to Old Hickory. The
opinion prevails in many quarters that
NJ Wilson in the White House is fash
ianing himself on Jackson; that his firm
ness with Congress is strictly Jacksonian.
and that he is giving good exhibition
of the Jacksonian manner and method.
Hence his success In having his own way.
Cen jackson was very downright He
loved to- lave hin own way, and he had