Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-05-06
INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION IN GERMANY

: 49, q
Germany has a system Of vocational training
which includes means Of benefting youth who
are compelled to begin earning their livelihood
when they complete the compulsory period Of
ordinary schooling. BY providing sacI means
the undesirable condition is avoided whfc.. the
newly appointed superintendent OF public in
NI1ietion for Hawaii indicated in his qualifying
thesis furnished to the goyernor-that Of mixing
Ineffective practice with agricultural and me.
tIIanical tools with the scholastic curricula to
the disadvantage Of the latter, the ineffective
ness being due TO the lack Of specially qualified
'eiehers and the inadegnaey Of field Of opera,
|Ion
FROM consular reports on industrial education
II Germany. recently published BY the federal
0preau Of education, some interesting facts are
assembled below. According to Ralph G. Busser,
United States consul at Erfurt, the Industrial
schools Of Germany may be classified as fol.
lows; 1, general trade schools; ?, special trade
.lhools; 3, engineering aud scientific schools.
ne general trade schools embrace the indus
'rial continuation schools or part.time schools
Tor young people between the ages of 14 and
Tor Is and Is whe have finished their gen
'I&l education IN the common schools and are
Employed in the industries as apprentices, help
1I4 or other manual workers; the mechanics
schools witL Sunday morning and weekday even
ing classes for the technical and theoretical In
.|foetion of joumeymen; and the Industrial art
>1hools for thesbetter education Of artisans and
mechanics in the theory, art and technique Of
their respective crafts
The special trade schools provide specialized
technical and manual training in particular
'rades, aiming 10 take the place Of ordinary
apprenticeship, in whole or In part, by prepar
ing the learner for pursuit Of the trade as mas
ten, jOurneymaH or skilled apprentice They arr
generally understood to include the special
>chools for different industries which exist
Each Of the engineering and scientific schools
makes specially Of some of the following tech
meal professions Civil, mechanical, electrical
and marine engineering; architecture shipbuild
ne' navigation, forestry, mining and metallurgy
chemistry, pharmacy and general science Arch
lecture Is also the principal course in the schools
Ior builders which are classed as special trade
schools because all Of the building trades are
there Taught
Most of the trade schools in Germany have
been organized either by the respective trade
guilds, or other industrial ASSOCIATIONS. q, nv tbo
city or town in which they are located Others
we're established by private endowment. The
schools are in most cases either state or munie.
ipal institutions. Other than stare schools NAV
receive state aid ny complying with certain re.
Qpirements designed to bring about uniformity
in the system at large In Prussia the proper.
ton contributed by the state depends largely
npon the size and financial condition of the com.
munity-to the larger cities with more than co..
900 population, not more than one-third of the
total outlay, and to the smaller cities from one
half to two-thirtls exclusives of the buildings
and operating expenses connected with them.
The total expenditures in Prussia for the i'll
dustrial continuation schools amounted i'm 1911
10 s. ,3O4, 792, of which - per cent was horne
by the municipalities, 30 per cent by the state,
per cent by associations and guilds, and IL per
cent by employers contributions, consisting of
the obligatory tuition ftTs 1onIF 81 or 81 year
Tor each studentl paid for their employees, to-
.tfher with amounts donated by some Of them
Voluntarily.
Al,za nd IF tho ona1 That Snft los