davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
THE FOUR GUNMEN

Der of the notorious Jack Zelig gang, it is difficult to learn~ The attorney who defended him and the other gun men says that he is "the pity and con- undrum of the four. This attorney thinks that 1t was the evil associations Frank formed while in the reformatory that caused his undong. Frank was one of the few non-Jews to belong to Zeligs gang. Jew had once given his mother and sister employment and helped them with their rent. Frank has ever since had a kindly feeling for Jews When Zelig was killed a letter from Frank found on his body reciting these facts, saying: Although I'm d wor, I koow you'll stick by me-
 Gyp the Blood
 Cyp the Blood was a childhood com panion of Lefty Louie and the story Of tho same as that of Lefty's. His father Is in the tailoring business and well-t to- do. From the ages of to 13 Gyp. who is Jew, received instruction in the Talmud and the other usual religious teaching of his race.
 With Lefty he frequented pool rooms. Fer awhile he was an errand boy for
 
 his trips to all parts of the city brought him into contact with evil associates
 At IF he was arrested for the first time, the charge being petit larceny. He was discharged. The next year for a similar offense he was sentenced to nine months in the city reformatory. He served a second term in the reforma- tory. and then year in the states pehitentiary. Two or Gyp's brothers have been arrested also.
 Such are the histories of four young men now looked upon as desperate and hardened criminals. Yet beyond their connection with one crime. the world has shown no concern in, the stages by which their criminal careers devel- cped. None of the parents of the gun men has ever been charged with crime. The early years of each of the four seem to have been normal and straight forward. Gradually they made the ac- quaintance of older boys and men who had mastered the trick of turning an easy dollar. Their OWN entrances into crime were gradual and began. in every case but that of Dago Frank, with at- tcmpts to get spending money easily. None of them was given the benefit of probation or a suspended sentence.
 Do not these facts suggest the i'm portance not only of punishing criminals htt also of finding out why they are criminals? Shall we se content merely with providing electric chairs and other methods for disposing of the finished criminals, or shall we attack the pro- cesses by which criminals are made?
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
BY RICHARD s. SCOPE

for emigrant traffic by the English Carr line. of whose emigrants Ballin was then in charge. That was in 1886. Within two years Ballin had reached such influence that he secured the purchase by the Hamburg-America of the Carr line. Since then the Hamburg America has had nothing but successes both in the ex- pansion of it's enterprises and in their profitable working. Ballin organized one line after another, to Canada, to Phila- delphia, to east and South Africa, to the west coast of South America, East India, La Plata, New Orleans, Calves ton and Scandinavia; further from Genoa
 to New York and to the La Plata; from New York to Constantinople and Odessa;
 from New York to the West Indies and South America. Thus Ballin has realized
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

K.4l
 1lGfkhL and to redeem itself of proach under which it is scarcely con ceivable that a civilized city should have consented to live for so long.
 Probably there is no city in the world with any pretense to civilization where the treatment, or rather lack of treat ment of persons injured or taken ill In the streets is so scandalous. With the exception of the square mile of the old city which has it's own government and an excellent service of motor ambu- lances there is no modern provision for taking a person who is injured in the streets to the hospitals At a few points there are what are by courtesy known as ambulances-really long two-wheeled hand carts on which policeman can place an injured man and wheel him to the nearest hospital, which may be a mile or two away. 1 have frequently seen two policemen laboriously pushing one of these so-called ambulances up a long hill leading to a hospital in the north of London, while the victim was groan- ing and screaming at every jolt Even these absurd makeshifts are not main tained by the public authorities, but by a trust fund created by the will of phi lanthropist named Bischoffsheim, who died many years ago.
 The usual course when a man is hurt in a traffic accident or is taken seriously ill in the street is for the police to commander the handiest vehicle. If the victim looks as if he had money a cab may be impressed, but if he looks poor the policeman is forced to rely on the kindness of the driver of a passing delivery van, for the London police have no authority to spend money on taking injured people to hospitals It is to the credit of the London van drivers that they seldom fail to respond to the po- liceman's appeal.
 Since 1880 at least d steady agitation has been going on among London medi- cal men and large section of the public to induce the London county council, which governs all London except the city square mile, oset up modern am- bulance service. Every appeal was met by the stereotyped reply, "Oh, we have got on very well without it so far" Once or twice the London county council was induced to appoint a committee to con sider the question. but all the committees reported that the expense of an adequate ambulance service would be something too awful for the richest city in the world to contemplate.
 The London county council which brides itself on being a progressive body. would probably have gone on to the end of time being shocked at the possible expense had it not been shamed into action by the mediaeval city corporation which although it has existed for nearly l01 years, and is addicted to quaint old cos tunes and ceremonies, is an uncommonly practical body. The corporation woke IT q few years ago and installed an excellent system of motor ambulances, with street call boxes at nearly every corner and fixed up deal with the famous old St Bartholomew's hospital to staff them with it's young surgeons. The hospital is in the center of the square mile and now anyone who is injured in that area .Is sure of skilled attendance within five minutes, aud in most cases ef being in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

burg-America line. and must not go in flattering his personal vanity as an autor. or in helping other lines to make profits at the Hamburg America ex- pense.
 No mans achievements are better known to Germans than the achievements of Ballin. No mans personality is known less. Ballin carries his personal reserve to the point of mystification. Hamburgers know as little about his character and life as do New Workers. When the Hamburg Senate wanted to congratulate Ballin on his silver jubilee as creator of the Hamburg America line, 1t drew up message of congratulation and sent it by mistake to house where Ballin had not lived for 10 years. None of the members of the senate knew him personally or had been at Little Pots extends his crazy for privacy to the whole simply evaded the towns honors by step- ping on board his yatcht and disappear ing for a week into the North sea. Ballin extends his craze for privary to the whole Hamburs-America enterprise. Although he spends every year on advertising nearly $500, 900, he refuses to let photo graphs of the Hamburg America building be circulated. His own appearance is al- most unknown.
 At the bottom of Ballin's triumphs lies the passion for hard work. His knowledge of trade and commerce and his ability to organize are both fruits of labor and study. For the first five years after his entry into the Hamburg line, Ballin worked IS hours day. Fourteen hours is now his average working day. Ballin Is detail man. He rejects the prevailing theory that a merchant-prince should concern himself only with principles and big deals and leave the minor work to well chosen responsible subordinates Though he has splendid staff, he watches over everything, meddles every where. and shows his friend, Kaiser Wilhelms love- for surprise visits. He once plunged unexpectedly into the kitch- en of a small liner and was unceremoni-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
By JOHN s. STEELE

not see his way to associate himself with my scheme.
 Tn 1901, Earl Darlington (now the marquess of Lincolnshire) and Lord Tweedmouth were in Paris on an off cial mission to announce King Ed wards accession. I met them, and aroused their interest In the Paris street ambulance service, and asked for their help in getting similar serv- ice provided for London. Later in that year I was in London and succeeded thanks to Lord Carrington's assistance
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

duced to the lord mayor of London bv Ire then French amba ssador, Baron de Courcelies, and this led to my being called before a committee of the city corporation. Again, in 1902, having been Introduced by the French ambassado dor M Cambon, to the lord mayor of that year, l was summoned to meet the chair man of the streets committee of the corporation to testify as to what had been done in New York and Paris and give my opinion regarding the best way Of meeting the needs of the city. The corporation went on with the matter. and finally, in 1907, police ambulance system was organized for the city of London. The statistics have seen prove that this system has been rendering most valuable service
 After the rejection of the county coun- cils bill by the House of Lords I had interviews with the home secretary MT Gladstone, at which l urged the crea- tion of 8 street ambulance organization for the county of London. and said it could very we'll be worked by the police. as in the city. Mr. Gladstone referred me to Mr. Chalmers of the home office.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

liable to losea my job. Sorry old man.. but you will have to get rid of them
 The perplexed butcher stood unde- cided for moment and then he tremif- lously asked the inspector: What am l going to do about the mattero Will l throw them out? l didn't know they. were not up to the standard or I would not have bought them. Please do not get me in trouble and l will do anything you say with them
 The Inspector scratched his head in d perplexed manner for moment and then he said to the butcher: ...This is the first complaint we have received about you and I hate to get you in trou- ble but the law Is clear on this point Let me see. I'll tell you what I'll do. Suppose you let me have those two chickens and I will take them away from here and no one will be the wiser As long as you do not have the goods on the premises no one can touch you"
 The butcher agreed to this proposition and the inspector took the chickens out to the auto, hopped into the machine and drove away with his friends. Later the butcher learned that the chicken in- spector badges were being peddled on the streets in New York and Brooklyn for cents each.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
"A Chicken Inspector He


 The proprietor of small butcher shop in Brooklyn was busy behind the count CT last Saturday morning attending to his customers when an automobile of the runabout type drove up to the curb In front of the store and stopped. says the New York Sun.
 One of the men alighted and walked into the store. The butcher looked up casually, noticed the man and thought 1t was another customer. He supposed the man would wait his turn and paid no particular attention to him. The man from the automobile elbowed his way through the crowd and addressed the butcher in this manner:
 Are you the owner of this store |? You are? Well. do you know who am? I am a meat inspector and you can tell that l am clothed by authority by looking at this badge.''
 The man threw open his coat and displayed a small nickel badge on which was Chicken Inspector No 2S"
 The butcher laid down his knife ana examined the badlW. He knew that in- spectors were in the habit of visiting butcher shops to make sure that the ordinances were being strictly observed, put II was the first time that he had received a visit from such an inspector and he never before examined one of the badges. Evidently the butcher was impressed with the nickel badge for he said to his visitor:
 What cah I do for you? Is there any trouble?'
 Tell you the truth, we have received complaints that some of the fowls that you sell in this shop are not up to the standard required by law" replied the man with the badge in low tone Let me look at some of your chickens and if any of them are bad you are liable to get in trouble
 Only the previous day the butcher had received a fresh consignment of chickens and bringing the alleged in spector back to his icebox he pointed them out to him. The inspector exam ined five or six of the chickens very critically and shaking his head in doubt ful manner he said to the nervous butcher.
 Four of those birds seem to be all right. but there are two here that l could not permit you to sell under any circumstances. You are liable to arres, for having them in your shop and if l go away without condemning them I air
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
By WINTHROP D. LANE

sent to the house of refuge. Soon af- tor he came out he was arrested for picking a pocket and sent to the 'house of correction for nine months. These were his only arrests up to the murder of Rosenthal.
 Whitey Lewis
 Whitey Lewis came to this country with his family from Poland in 1900 when he was az years old. In Poland the family says, he never got into trou- bic. His parents are Jews and are poor. The excitement of street life in New York was too much for Whitey, with his rural upbringing, and during his first year here he made the acquaintance of professional criminals in Chinatown He worked for awhile in a bookbindins shop and then started to learn tinsmith- ing with an uncle in Jersey City.
 His first arrest came when he was IS He pleaded guilty to grand larceny in the second degree, and was sent to FL mira reformatory. He was paroled and earned his absolute release in seven months. The other convictions for slmi- lar offenses followed and then Whitey entered the army and went to the Phil ippines.
 There he got into a struggle with a fellow Wno taunted hlm TOT pelng Jew, and Whitey, who had knife in his hand cut his persecutor. He was given hard labor for three months and dishonorably discharged. He returned t. this country and fell in with his old associates. Like Lefty Louie and Gyr the Blood, he declared on the witness stand that he had met Jack Zelig, the notorious gang leader, about year be. fore the murder
 Two of Whitey's brothers have beer arrested. one for picking pocket.
 DagO Frank
 Dago Frank was confirmed in Prot estant Episcopal church at the age ol 16 His family attended the church regularly and it has been said tha Frank sang in the choir. He began worl at 15 years of age and for four year. vas an errand boy as B a week for z news bureau, His employers never com plained of his conduct
 Soon after he left this job he wa. convicted of carrying concealed weap chs. This is the only charge excep that of murdering Rosenthal ever mad, against him. Frank says the weapons were handled by an ex-convict and tha he was caught with fhem 15 minutes later He was sent to Emira reforma tory and after 14 months was paroled earning his absolute release in sever months
 He worked a year as steamfitteri helper for construction company an, no complaint was made against hi character or industry
 By what steps he came to be a mem
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

Exclusive Service of the Survey Press
 Bureau)
 How are "gunmen" made,
 "Gyp the Blood" Lefty Louie, '' "Whitey Lewis" and 'Dago Frank will die in Sing Sing during the week of April IS unless the governor of New York intervenes. When their bodies are lifted from the chair society will rest content in the belief that it has done it's utmost to make their cases crime 6cterrents
 All society seems to ask is did they kill Rosenthal, the gambler and "squealer' who was shot in July 1912 ? And will they pay the pepalty? Doubt less this is societys first responsibil- ity.
 But shall we stop there? Is it not important to learn as much possible of their early lives and association to discover how we may prevent more "gunmenH from being made? Where did these four boys come from? Who arc their parents? How was their childhood spent? Did they become murderers in a day?
 Lefty Louie
 Lefty Louie was born in the heart of New York's congested lower Eastside. The family is one of respectable, ortho- doX Jews. The father, financially well off. is trustee of a synagogue. No sus- picion of crime has ever been lodged against any other members of the fam lily.
 After an illness at the age of six, the doctor said that Louie must have all the fresh air he could get. At that time the family was poor, and the only fresh air for Louie was in the street The stern household discipline was then broken down. The myriad sights and sounds he had wondered about, he could new investigate first hand. New friends were waiting to teach him amusements of the doorstep and the sidewalk.
 In a couple of years he became, says his father. a street fsend.' The first misdeed his family knew about happened when he was II or 12 With another boy he tried to take some money out of a little bank in which his brother, kept his savings.
 All this time he was going to both the public and Hebrew schools, and re. ce:ving the usual religio1s instruction oi his race. At F or IS he had become |. ffequenter of pool rooms, where he prob ably learned how to pick pockets. He was sent away to a private school for a year and after that worked both in thf skipping debartment of department store and it his fathers office
 But his passionate longing for tho street conti1ued His first arrest was in 1907, whet Louie was 16 The charge was "disorAeriy conduct" and he wal
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

operation fthe ambulance system or iginated and managed by me in Paris. At the request of the British embassy 1 furnished a full report thereon. In 1896 l prepared a scheme for Lon don and submitted it to the county council. In April of the following year the chairman of the council caused a
 letter to be written to me. stating that while the council had much sym
 pathy with the object of my desire, and recognized the great deficiency of London in this particular he could
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
Where There's Smoke

From the Buffalo Sunday News.
 ''John.'' she exclaimed, "I really be- lieve there's something the matter with the baby
 There was a strange light in the Dunk hammer nursery. Outside, the little spar rows twittered and once in a while a big one did.
 'I believe you're right" he replied. absently. "I thought noticed some thing, but l was so busy wondering how Noah Webster ever thought of the plot for that big book that l forgot all about it''
 The light grew brighter, and suddenly she uttered a little scream.
 ''oh. I know. Jonn.' she cried You could never guess.
 No: tell me-
 ''The little angels clothes are on fire. y
 They laughed at their own deuseness as they ran downstairs tor the patent extinguisher.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

lies. The Leipzig Judophobe FnIdmann calmly proposed that Kaiser Wilhelm should either cease visiting .Lottle Pots dam or induce the wicked Ballin to pe- come Christian.
 Balln is at the head of the greatest shipping industry that has ever been. The tonnage of the Hamburg-America Line is 1,36o,oo0 This easily beats tho North German Lloyd. with so1 GOO tons All the Anglo-American lines put to- gether are smaller than the Hamburg The White Star Line with 4s1, ,000 and the Cunard with 2S5OO0 tons are mere pig mics. This is the work of Albert Ballin Before his day the Hamburg IAne had made no progress.
 When Ballin came to it 2 years ago it was in thoroughly bad condition 1t had been beaten in the competition
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

in inducing the county council to con sider second report which I had pre- pared.
 Sometime afterwards, a committee. with Dr. (now Sir William) Collins as chairman. was appointed by the coun- cil to investigate the subject and re- port The result was that bill was brought into the House of Commons and passed there, but the House of Lords rejected it on account of the cost involved.
 Tn the meantime l had been intro-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

ously thrown out by the chef, who bawled out No passengers allowed" When ex- plantations were made and Ballin hda inspected the kitchen and found every thing in order, he was so much pleased by the chefs obstinacy that he pro- noted him to one of the big transatlantic ships
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

to whom l gave fu. verbal explana- tens and handed number of documents reiating to the working of the Paris am euiances. The consequence was the ap- rointment of a departmental committed to study the various schemes proposed After the publication of it's report T new bill was introduced into Parliament ahd passed by both houses, empoWeiias the county of London to establish street ambulance service
 Twelve years ago I suggested that |, private committee should do for London what had been done for Paris. Lord Darlington was approached on the mat ter; but as a report on the subject of afnbulances was shortly 70 be presented to the London county council, Lord Car rlngton naturally thought it wiser not to approach the King, as he had intended to do, and unfortunately this private initiative was stopped, without any pub lie action, by the London county conn ell taking it's place"
 From this it will be seen that london owes its new ambulance servife 10 q French enthusiast and in s3W degree to New York.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05
Not Posted

From the Detroit Free Press
 'I don't think our congressman keeps in very good touch with his constituents why not?.
 He keeps sending me lot of flower seeds to plant. and have not had rar- den in four years."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

April 4.-(Special At
 last London is to have a street
 ambulance service of a sort.
 and to redeem itself of a re- under which it is scarcely con
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-04-05

fight. 1913. by Curtis Brown.)
 BERLIN. April 4.-tspecial)
 Albert Ballin, chief of the
 Hamburg American Line. the
 man who could be min is seeking new worlds to
The Pageland journal. [volume] (Pageland, S.C.) 1911-1978, 1914-03-03

The two branches of the legis
lature adjourned Saturday after
noon until tonight. The senate
made an effort 10 Set Wednesday
as the day OF final adjournment,
but the house objected, and it is
not certain just when adjorun-
ment will come.
= They are hum-hawing over
, the 2 cent passenger rate more
than any other one bill, and it is
doubtful whether the bill will be
allowed to come TO a vote be-
fore adjournment.
When they are through
amending, substituting and We
toing we hope to get a synopsis
The Pageland journal. [volume] (Pageland, S.C.) 1911-1978, 1914-03-03
Change in Day of Issue.

For a number of reasons
we think it best to change
the day of issue, and there
fore the Journal will be
printed on Wednesday morn
ing after this week and your
paper will be just one day
later in getting to you. We
shall go to press about 7::3O
o'clock on Wednesday morn
ings and our forms will be
open for news until Tues.
day night. This will give
our correspondents a better
chance to give the news
while it is news and will, we
believe, be better for all con-
cerned. Wednesday instead
of Tuesday. y
The Pageland journal. [volume] (Pageland, S.C.) 1911-1978, 1914-03-03

OF the things they did that they
didn't undo, but for the consola-
ton of those who haven't had a
chance to keep track of them
during these forty days and
more, we'll say that there is not
much to fear and very little to
hope for. There is the ghost of
a chance that the tax levy will
be lowered about one mill,
which OF course means that
you'll probably have to pay a
few cents or Il few dollars less
tax next year.
We hope to be able to tell you
by next week what they have
done for or against you.