davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
A Wonderful Bird

One day wonderful bird tapped at
the window Of Mrs. Nausen's (wife Of the
famous arctic explorer home at Chris
tiana, Norway. Instantly the window
was opened, and in another moment she
covered the little messenger with kisses
and caresses. The carrier pigeon had
been away from the cottage thirty long
months, but it had not forgotten the way
home. 1t brought note from Nansen,
stating that all was going well with him
and his expedition IN the polar regions.
Nansen had fastened message to the
bird and turned it loose The frail cour-
Ter darted out into the blizzardy air. 1t
flew like an arrow over thousand mile Of
frozen waste and then sped forward over
another thousand miles 81 ocean and
plains and forests and one morning. en-
tered the window of the waiting mistress
and delivered the message which she had
been awaiting SO anxiously.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Further Use for Radiun1.

According to recent experiments in
Europe radium is instrumental in pre-
venting diseases of plants. For sew
eral years workers in agronomic sci
ence have been experimenting upon
the effect of radium on vegetation by
mixing radioactive substances with
the usual fertilizers. The numer-
GUS results obtained in this work
show that most plants, either grain
or flower, are remarkably stimulated
and give better yield both in size
and quality, this being often seen in
the fine and healthy color of the green
plants or leaves. The same plants are
in better condition to resist attacks
from various sources of disease, es-
pecially diseases known as cryptogam-
ic, which arise from spores or mold. It
seems that radium is to act as a pre-
ventive for such diseases as wheat
rust, rotting of potatoes, grapevine
mildew and many others which cause
detriment to agriculture.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
We SHOULD HAVE
BETTER GRASS YIELDS
Seeding Timothy To Itself With Lib.
eral Top Dressing Doubles
the Yield.
NICHOLAS sCHMITZ.
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

Station.
The yield of timothy hay in Mary
land, both in quality and in the tons
per acre is far below what could be
proftably produced on the land now
in meadow. IN fact, farmers have
harvested so many unsatisfactory
crops of late years that they are in
clined to try something new as a
forage crop ii anything can be found
that would be an Improvement on
timothy, red top, or the clovers.
The remedy, l believe, is not to be
found in 8 new crop, but in better
cultural methods than those we al
ready have. Recent experiments at
the Maryland Experiment Station indi-
cate that much improved yield may
be secured by seeding grass to itse :
in the early fall and by the proper use
of fertilizers in the spring. These
tests carried on in three fields, one of
timothy, one of red top, and one of a
mixture Of timothy, red top, and clover
showed that phosphoric acid when ap-
piled alone as in raw bone, acid rock,
or any other material had very little
effect on timothy, red top, or any
OLuGI grass. Ou me OIQST manu-,
nitrogen or ammonia, especially as
found in Nitrate of Soda, regularly
gave large increase in yield.
Taking into account, the ease of
applying the fertilizer and the quality
of the hay, the best results were got
ten by using equal parts of nitrate of
soda and acid phosphate at the rate Of
$50 pounds of each per acre. AS COM
pared to strips of grass adjoining that
had no fertilizer used on it the yield
in 1912 was 1873 tons per acre as
against 2.94 tons where the above mix
ture was applied as top dressing.
In 1913 the yield was ST tons, as
against 2.93 tons or over three times
the yield on land where no fertilizer
was used; 250-pounds of nitrate of
sode was found to be the most
economical amount to use in making
the greatest profits possible by top
dressing
The fertilizer should be applied as
soon as the grass starts to grow.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
New Market News.

Mr. T. T. Griffith, of Washington CITY,
was in town recently on business and
has rented his farm east OF town to Mr..
Lynn Wood.
Mr. Frank Hammond returned on
Tuesday from Baltimore where he has
been atte nding the sessions of the South
ern Methodist Episcopal Conference.
His brother, Rev Linwood Hammond
OF Christlansburg, Va, accompanied
him TO his home.
Miss Margaret Hopkins spent Tues
day in Frederick.
Mr.. VIM Willis and Mr.. VIM. Wood
went fishing on Wednesday in the Lin.
ganore and caught some very fine fish.
MISS Elizabeth Walker, OF Central. is
visiting her aunt, Mrs. c. L. Kennard.
Miss Helen Horn. of Mount Airv.
made visit for few DAYS with Mrs
Elizabeth Willis the past week.
Miss jenkins, the assistant teacher in
the High School, made a week end
visit to her sister, who is teaching in
Montgomery county.
Mr. !. NJ Dietrich had the misfortune
to run nail in his foot several DAYS
ago.
DR. F. L, Dietrich Of Baltimore, spent
Sunday with his father.
Mrs. c. L. Kennard left on Monday
for Washington City.
Mr.. Harry Wood, Bayard Burgess
Hugh Willis and Mr.. Mordecai Iones'
went to Annapolis on "Wednesday and
returned On Thursday night.
Miss Nettie Wood, of Baltimore. is
visiting her aunt, Mrs. Jennie Griffith.
Mrs. Annie Norris Erb, Of Baltimore
was the guest of Mrs. ]. H. Hammond
one day last week.
Nj. / S, Russell, who has been
spending the winter with his daughter
al Georgetown, Pa, has returned to bis
home
The Loyal Temperance Legion met on
Friday night at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Il. Zimmerman.
Rev. W. E. King filled his regula,
appointment in Trinity Methodist
Church South, on Sunday morning,
He has been reappointed by the Annual
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
OFFICIAL DIRECTORY.
List of Those Who Hold Office in
City and County, Elective and
Appointive.
FREDERICK COUNTY.

Circuit Court-Chief Judge, Hammond
Urner. Associate Judges, Glenn H.
Worthington, Edward & Peter. Court
meets at Frederick City, first Monday in
February and September for Grand Jury
Terms, December, petit jury term; May,
non-ltry .erm.
Clerk of the Circuit Court-Harry w.
Bowers. Deputy Clerks, A dol p h u S
Fearhake, Charles B. Croft, |. N. 10y, NJ.
n. Nusz, Eli G. Haugh, Harry E. Chap
line and John H. Martz.
Register Of Wills-Samuel ID. Thomas.
Deputies, ]. Fenton Thomas, c. H.
Kreh.
Orphans Court-John c. Castle, Chief
Judge; John w. Mumford, Albert w.
Ecker Orphans Court meets every
Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday OF
each week.
County Treasurer-Fred. w. Cramer.
County Commissioners John w Hol-
ter, President; T. N. Mohler. Frank NJ
Stevens. John w. Humm, Steward An
nan. H. L. Gaver, Clerk. Jacob Rohr
back, Attorney.
Board OF Charities and Correction
David Cramer, president; Jacob B. Flock,
secretary; Jacob B. Tyson, treasurer;
Samuel U. Gregg, superintendent; Mil
lard f. Perry clerk.
School Commissioners--John s. New
man, president; P. f. Lee, w. P. Morsell,
DR.. c. l.. Wachter, A. w. Nicodemus,
IT., and Cyrus Flock; E. L. Coblentz,
attorney.
Secretary, Treasurer and Examiner
John I. White; Assistant, Lloyd Palmer,
States Attorney Samuel A. Lewis.
Sheriff.. ID. Conard, Jr. Deputies,
VIM. S. Halter, Office Deputy; James A.
Jones, Riding Deputy; Charles w. Smith,
Turnkey
Supervisors OF Elechons-Garett S.
DeGrange, president; William B. James,
Republicans, and Joseph F. Eisenheaur,
Democrat; Clerk, Claggett E. Remsberg.
Surveyor-Emory c. Crum.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Marriage Licenses.

Edward !. Zimmerman. IS, divorced,
and Annie M. Stone, IS, both of Freder-
lex,
Charles L. Brust, rs. and Anne c.
Hellwig, 20, both OF New Kensington,
Pa.
Lester c. Haines, ~, and Lollie c.
Lockhart, 10, both OF Capon Bridge, w.
Va.
Edgar Charles Ridenour, 81, and Effie
Susan Sentz, Io, both OF Baltimore.
Charles d. Strailman, IS, and Maude
Rippeon, IS, both OF Frederick.
Elmer L. Hargett, Fl, Of near Jeffer-
son, and Minnie Wise, "a, widow, oil
Frederick.
Walter Peiffer, SO, of Chambersburg,
Pa. and Emma Miller, 29, of Fanetts-
Levin E. Custer, %. of Baltimore
Md, and Eva L. Pipes, IS, Of Arlington,
Mass.
!. Floyd Lowell 20, and Luella Irene
Smith, rs, both of near Wolsville.
Paschal r. Kephart, "a, and Frances
Nj. Haga, IS. both OF near Leesburg, Va.
William A. Bussard, ~, and Mamie
May Wiles, Ie, both OF MIddetown.
Charles E. Duvall, 46, ofNew Market.
and Clara ]. Klein, "A, of Mcdonald,
Md.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Just Suit Him.

What pawt have you-aw-we-
served fob me, Miss Coachem?" asked
young Sapleigh of the fair manager
Of the amateur theatricals.
why, really, Mr.. Sapleigh," she re-
piled, I'm afraid I've overlooked you,
and all the parts have been assigned.
oh, by the way, there is still the part
Of the heroine's father. I think that
would about fit you"
THE pawt Is WEAKLY of little-aw-
consequence, doncher know, just so
I'm one of -aw-actahs," said Sap
leigh. What am I-aw-supposed to
do in the pawt?"
WELL" answered the manageress,
AS the heroine is supposed to be an
orphan, I'm afraid it will be necessary
that you should remain dead"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Sometimes Thus

That cry in London paper of a jour
nalist who finds it impossible to-
maintain that appearance SO essential
in his profession" carries one back
to the past with jerk. Back to the
days when appearance was not al
ways $50 essential" to the writer. One
recalls Samuel Boyse, contemporary
OF Johnson, for instance, who worked
only when his clothes were in pawn.
His dress pledged, he would spend a
few shillings thus acquired on meat to
eat with his truff1es and mushrooms
and then take to his bed. There he
would get under blanket, slit to al
low free play of his pen hand, and
start work with will
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
ALWAYS STOOD FOR HTHE"
'Ye" of Our Forefathers Has Too
Long Been lgnorantly Mis-
pronounced.

How does it happen that in copying
and reading ancient manuscripts we
call the character our ancestors
meant for "the" by the ridiculous
YEP
They said ''the" just as we do, and
the only apparent reason for mis-
taking the character is that two CEN
turtles ago the letter ''h" was usual
ly written with a tail below the line,
and with raced top, which made it
look like our ~" Then the word
was so frequently used that it was
contracted, just as the word "and"
was then treated and continues to
be treated to this day by many of us.
When was boy, more than 80
years ago, the alphabets in our school
books always ended with the short
and" We called it "ampersand," and
considered it fine snapper when we
ratified off the alphabet. Sometimes
when sufficiently cultured we gave it.
the full title "and-per-se-and."
Now, 1t is likely that our &c" will
become obsolete, just as I'VE" has be-
come. Then our descendants of the
next century or two will be puzzled,
perhaps; but I do not think they will
be so foolish as to say "ampersand"
when reading our manuscripts and
coming to the little Quirk we meant
for "and." Do let us drop saying
"ye."-The Dial
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
LINE UNEQvALED AS
A SOIL IMP ROVER
Should Be Worked In During cultiva
ton.
w. E. HANGER.
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.


Farmers everywhere have now
started their spring work. Manure
spreaders are busy getting manure
out on fields to be plowed for corn.
No doubt many are thinking of using
lime on their fields. Why not use it
on the field to be planted to corn?
This is an excellent plan because the
lime can be spread on the land after
blowing and worked into the top lay
ers Of the soil at the same time that
the seed bed is being prepared.
The mistake is often made of using
too light an application. Not less
than ton of burned lime or two tons
of ground lime stone or oyster shells
should be used per acre. Such an ap-
plication as this need not be given
oftener than every once in FIVE or six
years so that the cost for lime would
not be more than so or so cents an
acre per year.
While the good effects of lime may
not be very evident on the corn crop,
it will no doubt increase the grain
crop following and certainly stimulate
the growth of clovers and grasses the
following year. Probably in no other
way can like amount of money be
expended to greater advantage.
In buying lime it has been found
that if pure burned lime costs $2.75
per ton at the kiln, then hydrated lime
or Stacked lime should be $210 and
ground limestone $3.50 per ton. What
kind you should use depends entirely
upon its quality, price, and the distance
it can be hauled to advantage.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
100 Pupils For Chorus.

One hundred pupils OF the public
schools OF Frederick will sing patriotic
songs at the dedicatory services Of Fred
erick's armory on April "a, which has
been designated as Governors Day.
Capt D. John Marley, who has charge
of the dedicatory plans, has arranged for
a dinner 10 be given at the City Hotel on
the night of the ceremony. The Gov
ernor and his party, the guests, the
Mayor and members OF the Board of AL
dermen and Senator and members of the
House OF Delegates from this county and
the members of the Armory Commission
will be guests at this dinner.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
LEcwEAKNEss IN CHICKS.

A small flock of chickens on free
range will usually get plenty of bone
forming material from the bugs and
insects they pick up, but in the case
Of large f1ocks there isn't enough to go
around, especially if kept on re-
stricted run. Lime and ashes will help
some, but are not enough. The safest
plan is too keep some ground or granu-
lated bone in dish before the chicks
at all times.
They will eat very little, but this
little they want badly. Let's not have
any weak-legged crooked-breasted,
hump-backed, loose-feathered, I'M
healthy looking creatures In our back
yards this spring. A few cents worth
Of bone win work wonders.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Middletown S Finances.

According to the annual statement oil
the Burgess and Commissioners of Mid
dletown from March 81, 1913, to March
81, 1914, fine total receipts were $4, 1872 sc
and there is balance on hand Of $242 20,
after paying all expenses. The sum OF
500 was added TO the sinking fund,
which now totals $2,Io There is still
due on uncolected taxes and water
rents, $I635 60. The new fire hose cost
$425, and the hose reel $40. The heav-
lest expense is the electric lights
$Io6I.I2.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Bone NECESSARY
TO HEALTHY CHICKS
Builds Up the Framework OF Their
Bodies and Keeps Them
Healthy.
ROY H. WAITE.

ROY II. WAITE.
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station
All growing animals require mineral
matter with which to build up frame
work to support their bodies. The
more rapidly an animal natures the
larger the proportion of mineral ma
terial required in its feed during this
growth. Most animals mature slowly
enough so that they get sufficient ash
from the ordinary feeds, but chickens
grow very rapidly and if one isn't care
full in feeding more flesh will be
formed than can be supported by the
birds bones.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
Orphans Court.

inventories OF personal property, debts
due and current money in the estate OF
! Mary c. Zimmerman, deceased. filed.
Inventory Of personal property in the
estate of Sampson Z. Kinna, deceased,
filed.
Inventory of current money in the es.
tate OF Charles E. Fellers, deceased,
filed.
First and final account Of Thomas NJ,
and J. Aliene Williamson, executors of
Eleanor Williamson, deceased, filed and
distribution made.
First and final account of Rachael Ann
Lowery administrative of Charles W.
Lowery, deceased, filed and distribution
made.
First and final account OF John d. Eel
lers, administrator of Charles L. Felers,
deceased, filed and distribution made.
Inventories of debts due and curren t
money in the estate of Eleanor W. Will
Hanson, deceased, filed.
Inventory Of personal property in the
estate OF Isaac l.. Nusbaum, deceased,
filed.
Courts order to sell personal property
IN the estate of Isaac l.. Nusbaum, de-
ceased.
First and final account of Henry G..
Moser, deceased. filed and distribution
made.
Report of sales OF the real estate of
William E. Mercer, deceased. filed
Inventories of debts due and current
money in the estate of Mary L. Rhine
hart, deceased filed.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10
FREDERICK PosrorFIcE OFFICIALS.

Postmaster, William c. Birely; Assis.
tant Postmaster. James w. Robinson
Clerks, William Himbury Irwin S. Biser,
William Harley, Oscar Keiauver and
John Staley.
CITY Carriers: Edward Moberly, !. f.
Duvall, Charles Roderick. Edward Sim,
Edward Eader and Geo. Crum.
R. d. Carriers from Frederick: c. NJ
Rhodes, Route |, 10 Mt. Pleasant, etc.
w. G. Miller, No. 2, to Pearl, ETC.; !. "
Roderick, No. 3, TO The Manor, etc. J.
M. Grove, No. a, to Jefferson, etc; A. S
Consol. No. S, to Braddock, etc; w. n
Martz, No. 6, to Yellow Springs, etc; w
P. Bartholow, No. 7 to Gainesville etc
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10

Conference to the Mount AIRY Circuit
This is the fourth year Of his pastorate.
Mr.. George Clay has moved from his
farm to his town honse.
DR.. Calvin Clay and wife Of Virginia,
and Miss Nellie Haugh. of Carroll
county, were the guests Of Mrs. Clay this
week.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-04-10

DR.. R. M. Rau and Harry G. Tritapoe
were before the County Commissioners
on Saturday, April 4th, and asked that
the Montevue Pike be resurfaced lor a
distance of about two miles. No action
was taken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

cheating-which. nevertheless, was not
avoided. II any student died under the
strain, as men occasionally did, the
heavy gates might not be opened The
body was simply removed from the cell.
hoisted over the wall and carried off
the imprisoned student was to write
an essay which should demonstrate his
absolute mastery of the Confucian
classics and his absolute loyalty to
their teaching. He must prove through
the examina tions-which were the only
door to public office-that he was ia
mlliar with every allusion, every
phrase, every character In the writings
of Confucius. Mencius and their dis
ciples. Any variation from the origina
phrasing. any introduction of novelty
any intrusion of personal experience
and opinion was fatal to success.
on the 10000 halls. sees that about 800
But now the visitor, looking down
of them are in ruins, swept away by
thousands of the halls weeds. vines and
MOSES are growing, and never again
will any Chinese pupil enter any one oil
them They are crumbling slowly into
dust. and with them has crumbled not
only a kind of examination. but an at
titude toward life, system of values.
a standard Of character. The passing
Of China's old education is the trans
formation of her life. Now the stu
dent who would win governmental po-
sitfons must answer questions IN Eu-
ropean history in economics, in social
science; and the old Chinese officiaisr
with their huge goggles. their en-
broidered coats, their clinging TO the
far past, have gone into hiding, never
to emerge The crumbling of the cells
signifies the transformation OF the ma
tiOnal life"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
HON to keep a
College CHRISTIAN
After Institutions Of Learning Be-
come Wealthy This Question Agi-
tates Minds Of officials Of Church
Education Boards in Charge.

How to keep a college Christian
after 1t becomes wealthy is agitating
officials Of education boards in almost
all Of the religious bodies at the pres
ent time. There has just been formed
an association Of American colleges,
composed especially of Christian work
ers in colleges.
There already exists a church work
ers' conference In state universities
a volunteer body, and there is an Of
ficial council Of church boards of edu-
cation.
These have agreed to Join with the
new association in the holding OF an
educational congress In Chicago at an
ca. ly date, to be announced soon:
The head Of the new organization "
Robert L. Kelly, who is chairman OF
the board Of education Of the hve-yeal
Meeting Of Orthodox Friends.
The aim Of this new association II
declared to be to bring together into
working shape the efforts Of churches
in an endeavor to give religion It's
proper place in the educational sys-
tenn Of the country.
The proposed educational congress
VIII officially represent thirteen boards
If education of as many religious
bodies.
The association itself declares 1t viii
20 into every department Of educa-
ton in an effort to make such educa-
ton Christian If possible.
In some measure the new plans, II
In said. will counteract the influence
Of the Carnegie Foundation. or what
is charged by many Christian leaders
a being its influence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13
Social 5erhite
ann Social Justife
Topic to Be Discussed at Meeting Of
Catholic Federation in Baltimore
Beginning September 81.

Social service and social justice are to
be the most prominent subjects put Tor
ward on the program Of the American
Federation of Catholic Societies, to meet
In annual convention In Baltimore foI
four days beginning September q.
It is expected that Cardinal Gibbons
will return from Rome in time to take
part.
A foremost leader In this social move
ment among Catholics in America is
Bishop Muldoon of Rockford. Ill.
The societies. composed chiefly OF lay.
men, are in line in this social movement,
with the whole Roman Catholic Church
which from Rome has directed larger at
terltion to industrial problems and theiI
solution. -,
A feature of the Baltimore meeting will
be a parade, in which 1t Is expected
80, GOO laymen will take part.
The national conference or Catnole
charities is to meet at the Catholic Uni
yersity, at Brookland, on the same dates
as the Federation of Catholic Societies
meets in Baltimore.
Cardinal Gibbons is also committed TO
prominent part In 1t:
It is announced that at this national
conference steps will be taken to create
a national committee on state institutions
whose duty will be to adjust relations be.
tween Catholic charities and public au'
thorities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-13

1.-The influence of western education
introduced into eastern lands both by
missionaries and by European govern
ments has been profound and tar-
reaching. Schools have battered down
more walls than cannon, and the WORK
of teachers has caused the undermin-
ing of systems of thought that have
endured for centuries.
mo more striking scene. he contln-
ues, "can be found In China today than
the deserted examination halls in the
city of Marking on the Yangtze river.
The visitor to that city is taken to the
top of a tall tower in the center of a
vast Enclosure surrounded by stone
wall From the top of the tower he
looks down on the halls, or cells. said
to be 10000 in number. outspread
around him in every direction. The
cells are arranged in long rows, with
narrow aisles or lanes running be-
tween the rows. Each cell is about
five feet square. At the bottom Is a
board on which the student could speel
at night. At the side is a niche In the
masonry where the student placed the
basket of food which he brought in
with him. A little higher is another
niche for a candle, by whose light the
student worked for three days and then
had one day of freedom. Then he was
shut In for three days more. followed
by another day of rest. Then ne mad
three days more in the cell-nine days
In ali. OF rigid, relentless examinations.
The examination papers were not
printed until all the students were IN
their cells and the gates were closed;
This precaution was taken to AVOID