davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-11-15
RESTRICTIONS OF THE HAREM

relatives. OF course, their gatherings
are unmixed
Dancing at the better homes is being
indulged In to some extent, but most
Turkish people are against the amuse-
ment. Being indoors makes the women
more thoughtful and serious and it is
poems of note. 1t might be added that
out Of the last thirty-four sultans
eleven have been poets of distinction.
1t is general supposition that most
Turkish women of the harems spend
their days lying about on divans and
smoking water-pipes to pass the time.
This is grave mistake, as the women
of the lower classes often have to labor
in the fields beside their husbands,
while those of middle class bend their
energies to needlework and fine en-
broidery, and those of the highest rank
are expected to learn the lessons taught
them by their governesses.
The male and female population of
the royal palace, inclusive of the i'm
perial guards at the barracks, num-
bers about 1000. and they are all fed at
the sultan's expense. Every wife of
the sultan has her numerous attend
ants. and they in turn have their slaves.
Regardless of the reforms instituted
at times. there are hundreds of at
taches in the palace who do absolutely
nothing toward the welfare of the sui
tan, but he sacrifices 300 or 400 SER
wants for their wants, and pays them
well. The palace of the sultan en-
ploys 400 cooks and scullions. with an
array Of French. Italian and native
chefs.
The sultan spends little time with his
many wives. He rises at 6 o'clock,
breakfasts, and then sees his secre-
taries until noon; lunches and is then
off boating until o'clock, at which
hour he receives his ambassadors Of
the empire.
He dimes at 8 Pm, and then enjoys
a musical evening. an opera often
being rendered by the female portion
of his palace The Women of his harem
wear costly diamonds. and rich laces
adorn their imported tea gowns When
one of them becomes i'll, black cloth
is stretched across her room and the
native doctor feels her pulse and looks
at her tongue through slits in the cloth
he must under no circumstances see
the patients face.
1t Is surprising to learn that a hus-
band never looks upon the face of his
wife until three days after the mar
riaee. Directly after the ceremony a
feast commences, which usually lasts
three days. 1t is necessary for roman
tic husbands to kidnap their wives If
the parents Of the bride are not willing
to part with her, and this ofttimes
starts family feud, which is over only
when the side strongest in male mem
bers triumphs.
Evening star., 1914-11-15
India Not a Mohammnedam Land

"In India the intelligent classes rule
the opinion Of the country, or the coun-
tries. and wise counsel prevails. Social
and economic disasters are not going
to be invited by the violent views or
half baked reasoning of religious
bigots The wise men Of India flnd that
there Is room enough for wise and
moderate men to hold and practice DIFF
fering religious beliefs. and which per-
haps in their essentials are not so
widely different as many uninformed
persons imagine.
Now, as I have said. India is not
lMohammedan: In 1911 the population
of British India was recorded as 3d.
523,sS1. OF that population there are
set down as Moslems 66.623.412, about
one-f1fth of the people of India In
India there are, according to the CEN
sus figures. which 1t Is fair to assume
are approximately accurate. 217.586.-
900 Hindus, who l need scarcely remind
you are not devotees of the prophet of
Mecca. Other religions neither Moslem,
Buddhist or Christian are represented
in India, and there has not arisen in
recent times any question of the loyal
ty of these people to the present gov
eminent. It is not fair or reasonable
to speak Of the present government Of
believe. a sagacious combination OF
British and native.
The ruling native caste OF India 10
not Moslem. BY that caste the Moham-
medans are considered as aliens or
newcomers, very much as the Chris
tians are. The followers of Islam are
very nearly all in central India. and
around them on all sides are natives
who do not believe as they do and
whose religious rites they do not prac-
tice.
IAN important fact is that a very
large proportion of the native princes
or ruling men Of the India Of today
are English in education and In their
ways of thinking. They not only speak
English as well as you or l. but they
think English. No revolt In India would
have a chance Of making headway ex-
cept under the leadership or by the in
dorsement of one of the ruling class
of natives, and do not believe that
one could be found who would lend
himself to such an undertaking.
From Tuticorin to the Himalayas,
India is at peace and enjoys the largest
measure of prosperity and popular con-
tent it has ever known. The Moslem
population Is well represented in the
government. and the intelligent Mos
lens have no quarrel and no desire to
pick a quarrel with Christianity. The
authority of the Sultan of Turkey over
these people is an ancient fiction. They
do not know any more about the affairs
of the Turkish government or care
any more about the Turkish sultan
than they do about Tammany Hall and
the boss of that organization"
Evening star., 1914-11-15
Queerest Dance in the World.
rom the Wide World Magazine

From the Wide World Magazine.
The "Godavari" dance of the malay
ers. or drummers, of Malabar is very
popular function when the native farm
ers are taking their ease after the hard
work of harvest. The principal charac-
ter is a weird figure supposed to repre-
sent the sacred cow of the gods,
Kamachenu. A small boy carries this
about while the other performers.
decked out In primitive fashion with
painted bodices and hideous masks, go
through a weird dance, accompanied by
much drum beating and singing. Wher-
ever 1t goes. the cow is supposed to
shower blessings and prosperity. and so.
ostensibly to please the animal, but in
reality to satisfy the dancers. presents
of money. paddy or rice are given to
tho performers. This custom has been
in existence from time immemorial, and
is likely to continue as long as agricul-
ture endures among the Hindus OF
Malabar.
Evening star., 1914-11-15

TT the average person were called
upon to give any great mans opin-
ion of war, the terse expression of
Gen. Sherman that war Is He'll" would
undoubtedly be the first one called to
mind.
Defenses and denunciations of the
practices of war have, however. been
INDUCED in since the remotest times
by men whose voices were loud enough
to claim the public ear. Though their
invectives, either against war or
against those who belittled it's glory.
varied accordingly as the men were of
poetical or practical mind. it is a no
ticeable fact that one is prophetic
enough to look toward peace as tina
inevitable outcome of democracy. VIII
liam Cowper, English poet of the early
eighteenth century, is the author of the
lines:
But wars game which were the SUBJECTS Wise
Kings would not play at.
Many great minds have been of the
opinion that war was necessary human
inheritance, and though it was Publius
Syrus, a Syrian slave at the court OF
Caesar, who attracted attention in
Rome as a writer of mines, who is
given the credit of being the original
author of the line I'VE should provide
in peace what we need in war; never
theless we find the idea put very much
more strongly by Machiavelli, who
says, "War ought to be the only study
Of a prince"
Our level-headed George Washington
may have agreed with the clever
Machiavelli, but he would have limited
the meaning and purpose of the mill
tary training to be preparation for
peace, and not stimulus to war. In
one of his speeches to both houses of
Congress his famous lines which bear
out this assertion may be found. They
are:
To be prepared for war is one of the most
effectual means of preserving peace
The sage Ben Franklin, in his words.
"There never was good war or bad
peace" expresses an inherent distrust
Evening star., 1914-11-15
RI N some way a wide and deep mis-
understanding of the religious

understanding Of the religious
situation in India persists
throughout the world that lies outside
the boundaries of that imperial do
main, or at least outside the boundaries
of Mohammedan countries" said a man
long resident in India and intimately
conversant with the general conditions
there.
For many years before the outbreak
of this war much was heard of the
possibility of a holy war in India. or
holy war declared by the Turkish or
other government of Mohammedan
character and of It's spread or exten-
comfiture of British interests. 1 have
heard such contingency counted on
as an asset by the people at war now
with the British empire.
THE faultiness of such a prophecy
lies in the fact that India is not Mo-
hammedan land in the sense that the
Mohammedan population is in ma
jority or In the ascendant in influence.
Quite the reverse is true. Take India
as a whole and it is anti ti-Mohammedan.
India is a non-Christian land, but !
have no understanding that it Is anti
Christian, and certainly it is not mill
tantly anti-Christian. There are reli-
gious prejudices in India. but such ma
tionalistic tendencies as from time to
time have revealed themselves in India
are not founded on religious differ
ences, but on that desire for a national
existence which is felt in a greater or
less degree by all people. even when
their government is liberal, and the
people are prosperous and peaceful in
comparison with their condition in
other years. The difficulty about ma
tional aspirat ations in India is that India
is not the land of one people, but of
many peoples.
Another thing to be considered in
the case of India before l come to the
main question, or the religious ques-
ton, is that public opinion in India is
dominated by the classes having edu-
cation and intelligence. and when such
a condition prevails the soil is unfruit-
full for senseless agitation, and the out
givings of loose tongues and empty
pates.
ITO my mind the main defect in the
government of republics is that the
suffrage is usually so over-extended
that it includes too many men who do
not think, or. if they do think. they be-
gan their thinking on a false, unsound
or mischievous premise, or have their
actions dictated by no firm settled con-
victions, but by momentary and lmpuI-
sive whims.
Evening star., 1914-11-15

of the efficacy of war which is reflected
also in the words of Milton, when he
writes to Oliver Cromwell:
Peace has her victories
No less renoun'd than war.
Samuel Butler, early English poet, of
practically the same mind, asserts in
one of his speeches. ut has been said
that an unjust peace is to be pre-
ferred before just war"
Alexander Pope. famous English
Satirist, ISLANDERS in his inimitable man.
ner the practice of war as a wholesale
and licensed homicide. He says:
One to destroy. is murder by the law,
And gibbets keep the lifted hand in awe.
To murder thousands takes specious name
Wars glorious art, and gives immortal fame.
The famous Greek conqueror, Alex
ander, who made war and conquest his
great objects in life, does not seem to
have been especially enthusiastic about
his chosen profession. War" he said,
lis toll and trouble" reflection
synonymous with Sherman's, though
not so dynamic in expression.
Browning brings more philosophical
bent of mind to the subject than others
quoted. and his philosophy. suffused
with the ideal of mans duty toward
man. creeps subtly into his conception
of the use of war to the individual. He
says:
He who did well in war just earns the right
To begin doing well in peace.
Shakespeare. whose limitless artistry
enables him to view war from the
heroic standpoint and look upon it as
vent for valor and courage, inspires
a similar feeling in others when he
says, in king Henry W.
! In peace there's nothing so becomes a man
As modest stiffness and humility:
But when the blast Of war blows in ears
Then initiate the action OF the tiger
Stiffen up the sinews and summon up the blood.
The philosophers who muse about the
| place of war in the plan of the uni
verse seem to agree that it is a natu-
raj outlet for the function of the mill
| tary attitude of the soul, as it fights
| for survival with it's army of enemies.
| Emerson says that we call this instinct
| by the name of heroism. He further
Evening star., 1914-11-15
TRAVELETTE
Greiiz,


| There are few capitals in Europe
where one can better accustom oneself
to the glow of courts, provided these
institutions are only a hazy aloofness
in his life. than Greiz, which is the
capital of the principality of Reuss
Of the younger line. Greiz is an unas-
suming little village. industrial. coun-
trified. out-of-date and altogether in
timate. It's factory-lined, cobblestoned
lanes and residence-lined alleys lead
right up to the home of its native roy
atty. One may stumble upon the
grounds Of the prince here, steal his
plums and apples and cut ones initials
upon his trees utterly without COM
junction.
Too many Americans make the mis-
take of going to Berlin and London for
their first studies of court life. At
these places one is able to pursue his
or her observations upon courts only
with difficulty. often merely as a spec
tator upon the surb when their majes-
ties ride by. The courts of London and
Berlin are strangely unsympathetc.
Moreover. they are a bit uppish and
reserved. hardly ever feeling called
upon to do more for the American who
Is guest within their land than to
give him a bare nod. never Offering TO
shake him by the hand and bid him
welcome. And this. too. is only after
considerable enQeaVOr mas DeeH Sohp
through by the visitor for his intro
duction to their highnesses.
At Greiz, however, one may stub his
toes upon the reigning princes door
mat without besieging removed, de-
tached American ambassador Tor
months and months. Probably the fact
that there Is no American ambassador
at Greiz is one of the things that
makes 1t easier. One has no Idea, IL
may be remarked in passing. how bot
tom heavy our own social scale is un-
til he meets an ambassadorial repre-
sentative of his country abroad.
Yes, 1t Is much easier to slip in upon
court circles through the back door IN
GreiZ than is this feat In London or
Berlin. In the two latter cities this
can be achieved almost alone by mar
rying a title, barring. likely. SO per
cent of the American men forever The
capital Greiz is so small that IL would
be a decidedly difficult task to keep
the enterprising stranger away from
the presence" On the other hand, in
the larger capitals there is no meas
ure long enough to mark the distance
of the court from the man in tho
street."
Evening star., 1914-11-15
JOINS RUSSIAN SECRET WORK.
Nine. Koudachef Attached to Gen.
Rennenkrampfs staff.

Correspondence of the Associated Press.
PETROGRAD. October %. - Nine.
koudachef. well known as an explorer,
has been attached by Gen. Rennen-
krampf of the Russian scout service.
She rides the horse upon which she
made the trip from Vladivostok to
Petrograd.
Gen. Rennenkrampf has also serving
with him a soldier thirteen years old,
Nicholas Petonchkop. He is the son
of rich landed proprietor. When
the war broke out young Nicholas
ran away from home, sought out Cen
Rennenkrampf and asked if he might
not serve. He was detained and a
message was sent to his parents. They
telegraphed their consent to his re-
naming with the army.
The boy has already taken part in
battles. notably Insterburg. He carries
upon his rifle German bayonet. which
was presented to him by the regiment
with which he serves. Nicholas has
been mentioned in orders of the day
for a daring and skillful scouting feat.
An Italian inventors submarine boat
has succeeded in making a 3,000-mile
voyage in safety from Italy to Sweden,
for which country 1t was built.
Evening star., 1914-11-15
THE, WAR AND POSTERlTY

they may die, if there is any way of
saving them, and the world Is going to
cure people Of disease and protect them
against disease even though it is gen.
race who contract disease.
ut is probably a fact that sports call
ing for physical strength and dexterity
are in higher regard, and more widely
days in the United States. On the
other hand more men live In cities,
where work taxes their strength less
than when there were no electric cars.
electric lights, elevators. automobiles
and like muscle-saving devices.
"It Is also true that today fewer
hours are given over to work and a
greater number to play and recreation
than formerly. but in many instances
play and recreation are indulged in to
a form of dissipation. A great deal of
the haste and hustle of the world to-
day Is not for the purpose of perform
ing work, but for the purpose of get
ting away from work as quickly as
possible. An effort is made to COM
hours that there may be more time for
sport and play There is no censure
for this, but I merely mention it was
one of the tendencies of the times.
AZ
Two OF the large ana famous AIneri-
can universities have compiled statis-
tics Of measurement Of students Of to-
day and those of a generation ago, and
those figures show that the young men
of the present are better physically de-
veloped than those of the other period.
They are taller. heavier and have larger
chests than the students had with
whom their measurements have been
compared. This comparison may be
valuable or it may not be. for it should
be borne in mind that a generation ago
the great mass of college entrants were
the sons of prosperous professional
men and were the children of gentle
rearing" while now a large percentage
of college boys are the sons of men
who earn their living by physical labor,
as, for example, farmers and me-
chanics. and the youth of these lads
has probably been more rugged and
strenuous than the boyhood of the rep
resentatives of the other classes.
However. it is pleasing to believe
that the boys of today are stronger
than their fathers were in their boy
hood. and may the children of the boys
| of today be stronger and healthier
still"
Evening star., 1914-11-15

THERE are many people whose idea
of a harem is a misconception,
based on what they have heard
about eastern polygamy. AS matter
of fact. many young Turks would be
fortunate TO be able to secure one wife,
while thousands would be happy to get
rid of the single wife they have.
The women of the imperial harem
are divided into three great classes, the
Kadines, who are more or less legitf-
mate wives. though never officially es-
poused; the Ikbals, or favorites. from
among whom the kadines are selected.
and the Gediklis, who. in turn, attain
10 the dignity of Ikbals.
All these women are of slave origin
and they constitute a vertiable female
hierarchy, beginning with the Shagirds
or novices and ending with the Ka-
dimes. The majority of them are either
purchased or stolen from their parents
at 4 very tender age and usually in a
mysterious manner. If they eventually
attain high rank. their identify is often
revealed and their parents and kinsfolk
Immediately take a new lease of life
and grow rich from their influence.
In Turkey the houses are divided into
two parts. The section where the wom-
reside is called the harem, while the
mems portion is called selamlik, after
:. custom of the day. Although the fe-
male inmates of mans house are
called the harem," this does not mean
that they are all wives of the master
\ mans wife, his mother. his sister, his
daughter and all other women who may
lawfully appear before him unveiled
belong TO his harem.
Only the most intimate male relatives
of the master are allowed to enter his
harcm-his sons. his father, his father
in-law and his wife's brother. In the
houses of the well-to-do even greater
restrictions are practiced to insure the
seclusion of the women. All parcels or
communications are received and de-
livered through a hole in the wall
which separates the compartments of
the women from those of the men. All
the windows of the female portion of
the house have lattices over them,
which permit the women to observe
anything on the outside, but keep them
from being seen. Even the young girls
are not allowed to appear unveiled be-
fore men, except those of near relation
ship.
The life in the harems for the most
part is very simple and is practically
indoors. However. occasionally groups
of three or four women can be seen
visiting another harem of friends or
Evening star., 1914-11-15
WAR PRISONER COMPLAINS.
German in England Says Food
Treatment and Housing Are Bad.

BERLIN. November 14.-One Of the
German prisoners of war in England
has written letter to the Frankfurter
Zeitung, in which he declares that as a
result of bad treatment, bad FOOD.
housing in cold barracks. forty-six out
of 700 German prisoners died within
one week of pneumonia and typhoid
fever. There were no wounded men
among these prisoners.
Evening star., 1914-11-15
THE war is not only disastrous to
the present generation, but it's

f<THE war is not only disastrous to
the present generation, but it's
evil effects will be shown in
succeeding generations" said Wash
ington man who has been interested in
the promotion of the idea of eugenics.
The percentage of physically defective.
mentally deficient, weak and under
sized males who are to be fathers Of
the next generation will be much
larger in proportion to the whole popu-
lation than it was when this war
broke out. AS the war lengthens and
the robust men of the nations at war
are killed or become incapacitated
through wounds and disease, the ratio
of defective males to the whole popu-
lation will considerably increase.
In addition to this the economic evils
of this war will reach far into other
years. With much wealth destroyed
and trade ruined, there Is going to be
an increase in poverty among the more
humble orders of society in that part
of Europe involved in the strife. This
in a way will make for poorer physique,
lower mentality and reduced efficiency
and earning power among the victims Of
this blood plague.
Another effect of the war will be to
make pronounced the superiority of
American mind and muscle over that
boys. because of improved ideas of liv
ing and the popularity of sport, are
growing bigger and stronger, and
physical culture and rationalism in hy
Eiene among the girls are making for
stronger and more sensible mothers.
Whether the American of the pres
ent generation is stronger and bigger
than he of the previous generation is
like all other questions. one on which
public or popular opinion is divided.
Men. in looking at this proposition from
different viewpoints, reach opposite
conclusions. There is a much better
knowledge of hygiene now than there
ever was before and probably because
of this diseases which once were COM
mon are now rare. Diseases that for
merry were not understood and which
generally We're mortal are now durable.
AS a rule, ii is the comparative weak
ling who succumbs to disease, and to
cure him of that disease may tend, ac-
cording to some theorists, to weaken
posterity. But that theory leads into
maze of argument. The present world
is not going to expose sick babies that
Evening star., 1914-11-15
justifies the expression of heroism il
these words.

Its rudest form is the contempt for safety and
ease. which makes for the attractiveness Of war:
prudence, in the plenitude Of Its energy and
power to repair the harms it may suffer. The
hero is mind of such balance that no disturb
ances can shake his will, but pleasantly, and. as
It were. merrily, he advances to his own music.
Heroism feels and never reasons, and therefore
Is always right; and although different breed.
Ing. different religion and greater Intellectual
activity would have modified even reversed
the particular action yet for the hero that thing
he does is the highest deed, and is not open to
the censures of philosophers or divines.
The practical mind of Napoleon, with
ever an aim for gain and bent for
strategy, says of war that it is "A
trade of barbarians. the whole art of
which consists of being the strongest
in a given point"
Evening star., 1914-11-15
Unveil Statue of Gen. Shields.

CARROLTTON, Mo-, November IL
Hundreds Of visitors were here Thurs.
day to witness the unwilling of the
state monument to Gen. James Shields
in the courthouse square. The Missouri
legislature appropriated $4,000 for the
memorial.
Evening star., 1914-11-15

the Of his house of sarnng In the them nnemost S
tip that is to all other Turing tales that be-
his schoohoue seekers after the bitter
in him his feet