davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

domestic transactions. This was
the purpose of outstanding the .Eo
stock against runs and keeping II a
guarantee fund for national solVenf
sit was this mad scramble for go
which caused in the United States IN
July panic in foreign exchange Euro
began calling back its American cred,
balances, and this started the high bid
ding for drafts on Europe. THIS al came
gagements for Europe. Then began the
work of throwing on the American mar
ket American securities, bought during a
long series of years. in order to get more
gold. The drain on Americas gold
threatened immense proportions, and it
is fact that within ten days after
Austria's declaration of war against
Servia, s45 900. 900 of American gold was
engaged for export to Europe.
kx
= "I have seen it computed that the
great central banks of the nations at
war had on hand; at the beginning OF
hostilities, a little less than 100000.
900 in gold. The FIVE great CEN
trail European banks had cash holdings.
according to the reports early in Au-
gust, of s2,7o0,00 600 actual gold and
silver in their vaults. S3l7, 100000 in the
Bank of England, S95S,0OO, 600 IN the
Bank of France, s430, 100000 in the BanS
of Germany, SSoo,Vov,uoV III - th - pstiA y
Austria Hungary and $S00.000,00Q in the
Imperial Bank of Russia.
IRON all this it is easy to see what
life-and-death struggle Great
britain. Russia France, Germany and
Austria have entered on. They will spend
treasure by the hundreds of million.
The war is a little over month old.
August 4 the British ministry. asked
war credit of s525. 100000. and the house
of commons enthusiastically voted that
sum in five minutes. and two days later
added $500. 100000 in another uproar of
patriotism. Canada added its share,
$50 900. 900. France was allowed a war
fund of $3.50, 100000 and the reichstas
has handed the emperor s1,250.000. 900.
1t is a war that staggers humanity"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

candidate. This King William could
not but refuse to give. The king wired
Bismarck the details of the interview.
Whereupon the latter edited" the dis
patch, much as Metternich might have
done. His tampering with the message
made the interview appear to have
passed in hot interchange of demands
and refusals. He then gave out the
faxed dispatch and in few hours
Paris was clamoring for war.
In vain did the moderates in the
chamber demand copies of the ambas-
sador's dispatch. The ministry had
made up it's mind for war and the ex-
cited populace backed it up. Prepare
tons began Immediately. The city ap-
peared jubilant at the prospect Ma
po1eon, it is said was not so confident.
but his minister of war assured him
that the army was ready to the last
button on the soldiers coats. Results
proved that this was all that was
ready.
Paris resounded with cries of "On
to Berlinw, Maps of Germany from the
Rhine to the capital were everywhere
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20
IMPORTANT PART PLAYED BY BISMARCK THE HISTORY OF MoDGR

however. though he fell, did so as a
victor. and his policies were not re-
versed: it was only that the young
kaiser, more imperious than his grand
father, brooked no dictation, even from
the forge master who had welded to-
gether the German empire with blood
and iron.
Spain during the nineteenth century
was for the most part unfortunate in
its rulers. 1t languished under Ferdi-
nand VII. When his end approached
he attempted to rescind the Salic law.
This was opposed by Don Carlos. his
brother and heir. and the king changed
his mind Heswas persuaded, however.
to destroy the revocation. and on his
death his three year-old daughter Isa-
bella was proclaimed queen, her
mother acting as regent for seven
years.
Don Carlos and his followers foment-
ed a sevolution, which went on inter
mittently for a generation. The people
obtained a constitution and n parlia-
ment. Finally in 1910 the Queen Re
gent Christina was driven out, owing to
violent factional quarrels and Carlist
agitation. Isabella III reigned from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

1s43 to 1868. She proved completely
unified for. a modern throne. Her
term was marked by bad management,
Instruction, corruption and govern
mental fiascos. For three years from
1865 the country was on the verge of
anarchy and the queen fed to Paris,
where she lived until her death many
years after
A provisional government was estab-
lished and a liberal movement pre-
vailed. "A monarchy was decided upon
and the choice fell on Leopold of Ho-
henzollern, selection which resulted,
as has been told, in the Franco-Prus-
sian war. When Leopold declined, the
crown was offered to Amadeo. son of
the Italian king. He accepted and be-
gan reign full of political disturb
ance. because of the disfavor with
which he was regarded. So threaten
ing did this become that in 1873 he
resigned. The republicans were again
in the saddle. They stablished gov
eminent, but it was not fated to live.
Republics were not popular. and in less
than one year it fell for want of
recognition.
In despair. Spain reverted to the
Bourbons, and Isabella's son. Alfonso,
thereupon became king. The country
received a liberal constitution, which
carried with it parliament of two
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

ruled. Before two years had passed he
demanded Bismarck's resignation
William I had made Bismarck, but
the chancellor had united Germany and
put his master firmly on the throne of
an empire. Germany was now the
dominating military power of the con
tinent and was making vast strides in
commerce and manufactures. ALI this
was due directly to Bismarck. He was
an old man now. He had not lost his
cunning, but times had changed and
so had masters. This new kaiser had
as much determination as the chancel-
lor himself. The divine right had in
him an ardent champion. He was
thorough believer in militarism. He
could be: trusted to go far. So the
old man resigned and retired to private
life.
AS the previous phase of this history
of modern Europe might be called the
EZRA of Metternich," the present might
be called the ERA of Bismarck" SO
completely did the iron chancellor of
Prussia dominate the period. Otto Won
Bismarck Schonhausen may be said to
have perfected the system of the Aus
trian diplomat, both as to internal af-
fairs and foreign relations, but he car
ried the Metternich ideas to a far
higher point and he was in reality far
more successful, although he. too, in
the end had his downfall. Bismarck,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

Turkish general, Osman Pasha- He had
to surrender, however. When Adria-
nople fell the sultan gave up.
The treaty which followed extended
the Bulgarian border south to Greece
and gave independence to Servfa, Rou-
mania and Montenegro. but Greece
protested and Servia objected to Bull
garia's advantage, while Roumania
protested against what Russia was
taking from her. So new treaty was
drawn at Berlin. This gave Servia,
Roumania and Montenegro their indie
pendence of the sultan's rule, but cut
greater Bulgaria in three. leaving
Macedonia to Turkey and East Roume-
liza and Bulgaria still under Turkish
dominion, but self governing. The sui
tan was to confirm the prince selected
by Bulgaria. and he was to pick a
Christian governor for Roumelia.
Russia took part of Armenia and
retained that portion of Roumania in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

of gear Nobody is wise enough to
foresee the end. Although this world
war has been written about and talked
about for many years. the men &C.
banking ways Of the world believed
that such a thing was impossible II
was unbelievable and inconce1Vaple;
Great bankers had often, been asked
the question as to what would nappei,,
to the world if the big nations should
become entangled in a mighty war ana
a satisfactory answer was never forth
coming, because the results OF sucn
titanic smash. simply staggered the
business imagination.
"As 1 have said, large part OF the
worlds stock of gold money, or money
gold. is not performing its customary
function. The gold production OF the
world for the eighteen months endlns
June 80, 1914, was about $1o5,o0o,ooo'
OF this amount about $200.000.000 is re-
CURED for the arts and $150.000.oO0
went to British India This left about
1855, 100000 to be applied to monetary
uses, and the whole OF this amour,
was absorbed by the four great central
banks of Germany, France, Russia anu
Austria Hungary.
1.-THE great American gold-producing
centers are California. Colorado and
Alaska. The production of California
is running now at about $20,O00,0OO a
year, Colorado is mining about S1S,0Oo,-
600 and Alaska about s15.000,0O0. De-
spite the discovery or invention of
cheaper and cheapening processes of
gold recovery the gold output of the
world is declining.
New gold is being produced, or at
least is being brought to the surface
of the earth, but it will be absorbed
for war purposes. Nations will be put
ting heavy mortgages on their produc-
ton and producers for generations to
come and will be making heavy drafts
on gold to pay war debts or the inter-
est on these debts.
1.-The production of new gold may de-
cline, for though the great producing
regions are not directly affected by
the war, there will be much indirect
influence exerted. Thus, in the Trans
vaal and Rhodesia there may be dir
ficulties in the way Of securing sup
plies and new machinery needed; for
instance, the supply of cyanide. Other
reasons may be found in a diversion
of men from the mining industry and
the general arrangement of business.
THE total African production of new
gold for the first half of 1914 was in
round numbers $96,500,000. against
S107,000,000 for the corresponding pc
riod of last year.. a decrease of $780,
100000, a showing of no especial
significance. During the first six
months Of 1914 the Transvaa1 produced
$S4.500.000: Rhodesia, $S,222,000, and
West Africa, 100000. Australasia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

<-HE financial condition of the
- world was set topsy-turvy
= by the war, it will continue
upsfdedown during the war and viii
take time to readjust itself when the
crash of battle ceases" was the way
a very careful banker put it.
THE credit relationship of the worlc
has grown to be very close. Each OF
the great powers at war had an init
mate interlocking of extensive credits
and this situation prevailed between
each of the belligerent nations and the
neutral nations. This credit relation
ship was at first demoralized and Is
now suspended. Alexander Dana Noyes
the financial writer has said:
cit must first be kept in mind that
in the present day all the great mar
kets of the world are bound together
as never before in a network OF m
terlacing credit. Berlin bankers carry
deposit balances in London to the ex-
tent of. hundreds of millions sterling
so does Paris. and SO also goes NeW
one-sided: an enormous mutual In
debtedness exists on all these markets
constantly maturing, constantly pelne
paid off in the ordinary processes OF
exchange, anu COllSedhtiJ Soo1SSs ~
renewal
X 4
$50 the first result of the war has
been to wreck the international credit
system by means of which internation-
al business has been carried on. That
system is the growth of years of ex-
perience and endeavor and 1t probably
cannot be quickly restored The
longer the war lasts the more difficult
will it be to destore 1t.
"This intricate and delicate system
of international credits Is based on
gold, and a large part of the world s
stock of minted or coined gold and
bullion securing note-money has been
taken out of the channels in which it
normally flows for the support and en-
couragement of trade and commerce
and turned into channels where it sup
ports and encourages the trade of war
The railroads of Europe are being
used for war. Merchant ships are
either tied up or are being used for
war, Powder plants and gun factories
are being run with the gold with
which the worlds proper business was
being done and with which it must
be done, and other boards of gold are
being spent to buy rations for men en-
gagged in the wholesale slaughter of
other men and the burning of villages
and cities, the desolation of produc-
tive tracts of country and the disloca-
ton of population.
1.-THE whole thing is cataclysmic and
catastrophe and throws the world out
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

produced $24.5Oo,000 and British India
$4,000. 000A Mexico, an important min
ing field, has nearly ceased production,
and resumption there may be slow.
affected by the withdrawal of men:
The United States and Canada will, of
course, continue production, but no
new producing districts of any impor-
year. ~-'
Gold Is as necessary for war as
blood. Both are spilled. 1t is a curl
Gus thing that the great banks of
Germany. Austria, France, Russia and
England began to increase their
stocks of gold before the world in gen
eral saw that the shadow of war was
on earth. They seemed to have shifted
the battle from afar or to have had
inside information from their govern
ments.
"a story has been current in fmpor-
tant financial circles that when Ger
many and France appeared to be near
the brink OF war because of the Mo-
rocco incident the Emperor of Ger
many put the question to the German
bankers: Are you prepared for war;
The answer was that the financial sit
uation was not then in proper shape.
The story went that he told the bank
ers to put the situation in shape.
Since the Morocco affair in 1911 the
Bank of Germany increased it's gold
reserve by more than one hundred mil
lion dollars, and a large part of this
increase reserve was locked up in the
vaults of Spandau Castle, in company
with the gold there as a part of the
indemnity taken from France at the
close of the Franco-Prussian war.
The Bank of France, since the Balkan
war, has added to its gold reserve
s17000O.000, large part of which was
imported from the United States, and
the Imperial Bank of Russia increased
it's gold holdings by s15o.oOo,ooo.
1.-THE Imperial Bank of Germany began
its active campaign for gold by main
tanning a high discount rate and by bid
ding high in the London gold auctions
for the gold which arrived weekly from
South Africa Certain pieces of financial
legislation were pat through to help the
work of accomplishing gold.
1.-The Imperial Bank of Russia piled up
a gold reserve by withdrawing the large
balances which she had kept in German.
French and English banks, and France
in a wear and a half increased her gold
holdings from s66S. 000, 900 to 1892 600, 900.
The banks of several Of the European
powers suspended gold payments and put
out issues of notes for small denomina-
lions which would be legal tender in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20
Too Late.

,DR. WILLIAM OSLER, at an American
- dinner party in London, referred with
laugh to his old joke about scrapping the
man of forty.
at was joke, only a joke" said DR..
Osler. Yet man after all-well. man is a
good deal like an automobile By the
time he gets himself in satisfactory run
ming order. finds out his weaknesses and
his good points and learns how to get II
decent days work out of himself in com
fort, why, he Is considered old-fashioned
and a back number, young people laugh
when he goes by. and nobody wants him
for love or money"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

talk with Napoleon III, by which he
assured himself that the latter would
not aid Austria if she were attacked
by Prussia. To make the thing COM
plete. he also entered into an agree
ment with Italy that she would declare
war on Austria providing Austria first
opened hostility. As her reward she
was to get Venetia back. Italy, of
course, was quite willing to agree to
this.
The quarrel was easily started. Com
plants were sent to Vienna concern
ing Austrian management of Holstein.
Austria CURLY told Prussia to mind it's
own business. That was exactly the
reply Bismarck wanted. His king was
not keen for this war. but Bismarck
had little trouble assuring the monarch
that it was not only going to add to
Prussia's territory, but to her fame.
He threw a sop to the liberals to gain
their support by introducing into the
diet a plan to reform the confedera-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

frederick WILL
LIAM of Prussia,
having b e C o m e
incapacitated by
m e II t al disease.
was 8 u C C g e d ed
first as regent
and In 1861 as
king by n i 8
brother William,
who took the
title of William 1.
The late king
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

withdrawn and give up Alsace and a
part of Lorraine.
Another humiliation imposed by Bis
marck upon the beaten country was
his choice of Versailles as the place
at which to seal German unity The
south German states were taken into
the confederation and the German en-
pire was established with William I
as German emperor. This took place
January IS, 1871.
But Frances troubles were not over
If she had passed through Gethsemane,
Golgotha yet awaited her. The assem-
bly, under the proclaimed republic was
controlled by monarchists. There were
pretenders to the throne, and the popu-
lace feared that they were to have an
other bitter dose of Bourbonism. The
paralysis of trade, the starvation of
the populace and the proposed re-
moval of the government to Versailles
led to the organization of the COM
mune, the product of combined senti-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

her rivals. The ship of state had com
parativeIy smooth sailing, although 1t
approached crisis in 1sSS-ss. when
the popular deputy. Gen. Boulanger.
dramatic play, backed by moliarchists.
at leading the nation against Germany.
He aspired to dictatorship. but Lie
movement came to nothing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

When Emperor William died in 1881
his successor, the Crown Prince Fred
erick, was already fatally stricken
with disease and lived but about three
months after the coronation. This
brought to the throne the present rul-
err, his son, William H. His character
is now so we'll known that it need
scarcely be said that it was but short
time before he and the iron chancellor
disagreed 1t was not SO much a ques-
ton of differing policies as one of
temperaments. William II had come
to the throne to rule and not to be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-09-20

The French ambassador to Berlin was
sent to visit King William at Ems to
ask that Leopold withdraw, and on
July IL. 1870. the withdrawal was an
nounced. but not by King William.
Not satisfied with this, the Paris gov
eminent insisted on an assurance that
Prussia would not again put forward
Scranton Wochenblatt. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1865-1918, 1914-09-24

uno Iebtsn bort arm unb tribIsIis
als S5dfersIsute.
0a gef9ab es = tpieber mad mans
dem Sabr -, DAB Der taiierlide
Bring iasen ritt unb i'm lebten Sort
Die id0ne S9Gferin erfpabte. CT
fab bon ieinem pferb ab, iprah
Ianse nit Dem MdoAen. unO ie lGns
ger er nit ibr fpra9, OeIfu befer ses
fieI iie ibm. bel ito beftissr purOs Iein
Dunih, iie su beiiben. 9lu9 bic
S9aferin i9ien = nad iddmigsr
Wdsblein 4rt - 3ursisung fir ben
Singing gu empfinben. 90 Iiebtsn
ole beiben Siiritentinoer chamber uno
tpubten elmer um bes anbern Stdmm
uno Namen ni6t.
glm abeno geleitete Der faiierli9s
prinS iein WGo6en unb ibre Serbc
na9 Der Siitte bes enttbruntsu &ai.
iers un6 erbot bon ibm Die !Sano
oes SD9terleins.
n@ern", fasts Der 2llte, .pil ih
bid als S9pieserfoBu besriiBen, Iies
Der Ritter, bod 5uerit muBt bu elm
SunOipert erIernt baben."
Sin Son0pert2" frasts Der Bring
eritaunt. .Wo5u bas, ba i9 bod
reid unb mG9tis bin9 Oenn -
bore, 2llter - i5 bin beines SaiIers
dlteifer Spbn."
glQein es nubte nibts, Der QlIte CAB
niat nd9, uno Der prinS mubte ii4
pobl pOer libel gu einem 9anbpert
sntIdIieben.
Gr p6blte bie SsiIerei. tparb einen
Neiiter an unb brebte MIN tGsli9
in ben taiIerlihen @drten feline
Stride. Nlit Den eriten, Die er alIein
fertisgeitelIt bate, rift er su Dem als
ten S6Gfer binuus unb bra4te bic
9raut beim.
Snbeien par Der &ailer islbit
nsusisris ssiporben, oeiien Soldier
5u iehta = ben Mann, Der feline
So9ter ipobl sinem Seller, ni9t aber
einem prinSen ssben mo9te. @r
lisB ibn berbeifiibren unO fraste ibn
na9 Dem 9ruHp feiuss ieltiamen Be
nebmens.
Der aIte Mann tpnnte nun ni9t
anbers unb mubte er5dblen. Gr
i4lOB feline 2ebsnsgeidiate nit ben
Worten:
.0u Fsbit baraus, erbabsner Serr.
Sdb man Elm &aiIerrei1 perIieren
unb bod bon einem Sanopert peis
terleben tann. Damit 5ein Sobn ni9t
bilflos baIte6e, fpenn sr einmaI fein
Rei9 perIiert, babe i'd ibn peranlaBt.
Elm Sanopert su erlernen."
Don Dem 2iebrei5 Der Sp9ter ere
fpei6t unb bon Der GraGbluns bes
2lltsn seriibrt, erbob Der &aiier ieis
nen einitisen SeinO gum Wlitresen'
ten.
Scranton Wochenblatt. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1865-1918, 1914-09-24
9!ni beu syluno gcflOpft.

Ssrr MiiItsr beiaB iens unanseneb'
m. GisenI9oft = foil man lie Neif
eber Waibgunit n'nnen = bic istnsm
anbern ollein stfpas gDnnte. Mllss
mas elm anoersr seb0rt Ober sefeber
bate, fpubte o6sr beiuB. oas ipuBt'
unb befab MiiIler aud, bate {,
eb.nfaIls sebSrt GSer seieRen. Dit
mails bate man ii9 iiber ibn oar'
nm fthon s.drssrt, ba er am Stdmm'
tii9 absr ionit elm fibeler asrI NOR,
battle man ibn setpdbrsn lafien. @t'
nss Sasss fan6 ii9 aber poriiber'
ssbenb Elm Sremoer i'm .9olbener
SirI9" elm, Der es peritdno, NIT et'
nsr bDisn 2ettiun Dem suten Miillsr
feline sd au9" sManie abSugeipDb'
nen. nno Dos mar 70 getpmmen
Ser Srsmoe srodblte BON elmer Reiie
.8pr adt Sagsn mar ih in pa'
ris." = WtiiI!er rief ba5pif4en:
.@ie. 6a mar id aud fdon!"
sd fubr burn ibsr 8riifel.1 =
r@or id aud fdon!" = ~aDIn".
= n8enn i9 audi" - Sannoper.'
: .9a mar ib i9on auf Der Sau'
lei" = .9irett in bic SrrenanitaIt
mad Berlin" - rSo9 Ra
unSg" = ~lta6 oa babe i'd mid rie.
fig setuunOert. bub sic nidt aud
oa paren!"
Scranton Wochenblatt. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1865-1918, 1914-09-24
GbambsrIain ,.ms Die er@isssH.

Don Chamberlain fpsiB cine engs
IiI9e 3eiii9rift cine biibi9e tleine
gnetbote 5u srSdblen. Der beriibm>
te polititer uno Rebnsr batte be-
tonntli9 bic @epobnbeit. ii1 feline
arpben Geben einauiiben; bann idlpB
er iih in fein 3immer elm ober giRg
in entlsssne @infel ieines f40nen
Gartens Ober ieiner Sreibbduier, nm
in Der GinIamteit nit Ma4t losSus
lesen unb bic 8irtuns seipiher
araftifeIIen unb ssfpiHer @eitsn gu
erprpben. Sreunben tpnnte es biss
peilen ssideben, baB iie Gbamoers
lain iiberraf9ten, nenn er mutters
ieelenallein baitanb unb nit Stens
toritimme unb leibeni9aftlihen
Sanbbepssunsen Ieinen S9reibtii4s
itubl ober ireenOeinen Suih i'm @ars
ten apoftrppbierts.
@inss Sagss ssbt Spe in feinen
Srsibbdufern ipaSieren, Inn feline 9es
lisbten Sr6ibeen au betra9ten.
Yf6bli5 bleibt sr itsben, bsust ii9
Dor, ri9tet ii9 bp9rot Dor 4erser
pieber auf unb ruff isinen Saupt'
eGrtner bsran. Sine toitbars Sr9is
bee iit bsidGbist. Chamberlain sibt
Grgerlih bem @Grtner bic WeiIung,
fOrton teine GremOen mebr Ourd bic
beriibmten Sreibbduier gu fiibren.
.Meine Sr4iOeen iuGIen gObeiten
nidt msbr ousseisBt iein," fast CT
unb bsutet nuf bic beIddbists
pflanSe, ~Sie baben ippbl iiberbaupi
npd ni9t seieben, bob bic bier obs
ssbrpdeu iit2"
~Oo9, bp9," periidert Der @Grts
ner etipas perlesen.
gbomberlains 4erser lobt bei bies
fer 4ntfpprt bon neuem auf: rDie2
sic baben es geIeben9" ruff sr. rSie
iaben iemanb, bieie Or9ibse bre9en
unb iaetsn ni9ts9"
sd - id - sos ss bor, 81
fhpeigen", fugte Der 9drtner SOs
9ernb.
gbamberIain glaubte feinen Sbrsn
ni9t trauen gu t0nnen. sd beitebs
nun barauf. gu erfobren, iper bisIer
Wsni9 mar" rief er aornig.
Der 9Grtner besann gu murmeIn,
idIieBIi9 fabte er iid elm SsrS unb
erilGrts: .Nun fb6n, Dar. Gbums
berlain, ipenn Sic es ipiien iuollen.
SO sefdab ssitern, unb i'd fab ss
ous Der 5erne. sic paren bier i'm
Sreibbaus uno reostsn immersu nit
lauter Stimme unb iparfen Sbrs
glrme lumber. limb babel tnten sic
es ielbf."
Chamberlain blidte cine Weile ipis
fafunsslos Dor ii9 bin, bann muBs
te er ielbit laden. Gorton aber pers
mieb er es, feline Rsbeproben in all3u
GROCER Ndbe fsiner Sr4ibstn porSts
nebmen.