davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

council He got the reputation among
the police and authorities as being one
OF the most desperate men in the coal
regions. His was the loudest voice
against law and order: his the counsel
to kill and destroy.
But during all that time though he
was supposed to kill many victim,
he always managed TO get word
through Pinkerton to have the victim
spirited away and kept away. Nc
kenna got the reputation among the
Moilies of being the best worker"
among them: he always disposed of his
bothersome things.
At length, after two years, during
every minute of which he had lived
with his life in his hands, he found
that he had gathered practically all the
necessary evidence. And then lust a.
few weeks before the date he intended
to spring the trap, there flew through
the ranks of the Moliies a rumor that
Pinkerton man was IN their midst
and suspicion fell on him.
1T was the most desperate time OF
all that desperate PERIOD" Mcfarland
told the writer a number of years ago.
II was accused at a meeting of the
highest council of being a detective and
Jack kehoe was my accuser. What did
I do? | jumped to my feet and boldly
accused Jack Kehoe himself The Mol
earnestly that l saw Kehoe turn pale,
Then, pressing the point, I assured
them that on certain day / would
offer them conclusive proof of Kehoe's
perfidy. did not convince them all,
but / got the respite wished"
For the ensuing few weeks both Kehoe
and Mcfarland were kept under the des-
perate eyes of the rest of the Mollies.
But McParland's work had been done.
One day swarm of sheriffs and DO
licemen swept through the coal regions
and gathered up every man of the rinr-
leaders. 1t was not until then that the
Moilfes knew who had been the de-
tective.
For twenty years after his experience
with the Mollie Maguires Mcfarland
never left his house after nightfall, and
never. after lamplight. permitted win
dow-shade to be raised or walked be-
tween light and a shaded window. He
knew how desperate the Mollies were.
During the day he always went guarded.
or late years. however, he has become
convinced that the Mollies are no more
and has relaxed his vigilance
The reader of the valley of Fear
will see close resemblance between
the exploits of MCFARLAND and the ex-
perience of McMurdo. As between truth
and fiction, however. 1t would seem that
Notion has nothing on truth in the way
OF excitement and thrills
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
CHARLES TEWEs PIANolYO.
PH1LADE1 Pn1A TYPE OF
f1RsT PIANoMAbE. IN
AHER1GA.

istence and still be in such excellent
condition"
Mr. worch declared that during the
next fifty years little progress was
made in plano construction in Ameri-
ca. Until about 1915 all native made
lish makes, and later the well known
and very handsome pianos Of Andrew
Stein of Vienna were extensively copied.
There is one of these in the museum
which is quite massive and elaborate
in construction, the supports at the
into short curved feet at the bottom.
Patterned after this is a magnificent
ly veneered mahogany Kuhn Of Balti-
more. The early instruments of His
key, Newman and Sturn, all of Balti-
more, follow this type.
Hiskey has one odd, almost garish
instrument. the beauty and richness
of its wood being entirely eclipsed in
the queerness of its STYLE as it has
such clumpy appearance. The body
is of beautifully grained mahogany.
while the awkward cylindrical legs
they are finished with square blocks.
These are made of ebony, and have
broad glittering brass bands around
them.
According to Mr.. worch, many for
eien makes were imported into this
country from 1866 to 1920 to supply the
demand of the well-to-do class of citi-
zens, and in the following names
doubtless many will recognize old fam
lily possessions. Among these were in
struments made by Broadwood, Long
man & Broaderip. Southwell, Clement,
Collard & Collard, Aston. Gamer. Wor-
mum & Sturm and Errard, a celebrated
french maker. That Errard's work
manshtp was most superior is attested
py a handsome instrument of Buhla
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
ALBERT, YOUNG KING OF THE BEGAn1s ~D0Es NOT Cl

behind him The fanfare stopped short.
The king waved au revoir and disappeared,
seurs to some new point Cavalry mes
sengers gailoped up. The kings auto
mobile glided up. and he went away with
a French colonel Not a cry or word had
been uttered. in the ranks or public
dame. selling apples
The queen is lucky woman" said
her gossip, inconsequently.
Hes a man." explained the hunch
back boy who peddles Paris papers three
days old.
No king in modern times has won such
popular respect, affection, interest. conf
dence. from his own people and the world
at large. in such short time. and so
Young a man-unknown. one might say,
previously, certainly Indifferent to those
who now rejoice in him as a credit to
themselves.
In the first instants of the war he had
an inspira ton of genius, an impulse OF
bravery and a spirit Of self sacrifice
which won him and his land eternal
honor.
Since then. daily, during three months.
he has simply renewed day by day his
acts of devotion and courage Obstinate
ly he remains a hero He is an incorrigi-
BILE old-offender Of glory.
Since the day when neighbor smashed
his cities burned his cathedrals and bonn
harded his libraries; since the day when
the Germans emptied his municipal treas
uries and the private banks of his land,
when he saw in looted Liege and Lou
vain, his priests shot down and people
led away. while the armies of the kaiser
began to devastate the rich countryside
and make cinder-heaps OF stored cities
from Malines to Termonde. King Albert.
Id hac nj nod
10 harass the gigantic enemy.
After Antwerp only a few thousand
acres of Belgian soil remained to AL
bert and his army. From those few
the same, to win back their entire
land.
He. the king. stays. simply, always.
in his soldiers midst. When they go
beside them: all have seen him-may-
hap pointing cannon. He is there to
give them heart. and does it, So much.
that it is a current saying with men
proud and shamefaced, full of plain
mems honest worry-that the king is
sure to be killed yet. Yet none would
have the heart nor do the king the in
jury to let him see them try to shield
him. All these Belgian fighting men
consider themselves as already dead in
say. What will your"
After Neiuport-Dixmude they saw
him SO tired that he fell down and
slept on the edge of the road, like a
good workman who has finished his
day. and thousands passing saw him
sleeping and stepped silent. not to
wake him.
The Belgian people have blind conf
dence in Albert When he judged that
his beautiful old city of Alost-.fairy
story in carved stone"-must doubt
less suffer from battle in which the
enemy would spare 1t no horror, and
where he himself must need full lib
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
REAL

ITO those who read Sir Arthur
Conan Doyle's latest novel, The
Valley of Fear which recently
appeared serially in The Stars Sunday
Magazine, it will be interesting to
know that the main action of the story
finds such a close duplicate in an actual
episode in American crime as to sug-
gest that the great story teller may
have obtained his inspiration from that
source-one of the most thrilling chap
tiers in the worlds criminal annals.
"The Valley of Fear" it will be re-
membered, is based upon the expert
ence of a fearless young detective.
who, going into a coal-mining region
terrorized by a secret band of criminals,
joins the band, works his way to
leadership and brings the whole band
to the gallows. The young detectives
name is Edwards, but he assumes the
name of McMurdo.
The main body of the story is made
up of his thrilling adventures in worm
ing his way into the bloody secrets of
the guild and trapping into convic-
ton his one-time associates.
There is now living in Denver. Col,
James Mcfarland. head of the Pinker-
ton Detective Agency there, who. forty
ence practically identical with that of
Edwards. His story. according to the
head of the Pinkertons, is unparalleled
in the history of crime.
In the middle seventies there existed
in the coal mining region of northeast
ern Pennsylvania, around Mauch
Chunk and Shenandoah, a secret band
of desperate criminals known as the
Mollie Maguires Their origin is in
the mists. but 1t is supposed to have
originated in an Irish society for pro-
lection against the outrages of land
lords which. in transplanting to this
country, degenerated into a gigantic
engine of terrorism and crime.
At that time the great coal mining
companies and even the railroads of
that region were powerless against
these Mollie Maguires. Mining super
intendents. managers and railroad Off
Gals were cold-bloodedly shot down on
the streets of the towns in broad day
light The arms of the law. both in
towns and counties, were worse than
useless, for it was well known that
many of the police and deputies were
themselves Mollie Maguires and the
rest were too terrified TO lift finger.
For years this reign of terror had
been growing more terrible until. in
the summer Of 1875, the railroads and
coal companies secretly approached
William Pinkerton. then the head of
the Pinkerton agency. and besouSht
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

erty of movement to accomplish his
duty OF leader. he told the $4,000 in
habitants of Alost to quit their ro-
mantle old homes and take refuge on
the side of Client
Inc touching exodus took place by
night. according to the order of the
KING: The devoted city emptied itself,
family by family. man by man. drop
by drop. of its life. Now the hordes
might come: they would find only a
carcass of beautiful stone, antique, i'm
pressive, a museum of the ages which
their shells might crush vindictively.
out where no disarmed citizen nor
child nor woman. nor sick person w.
ing in their bed could be in peril And
the kings army might now tight with
out risk of striking their own.
I. At first. they say. King Albert WAS
tormented by such thoughts as II am
no technician. What if l should make
some great mistake of strategy or
t a Yet he must decide. His
zach gave. modestly, his views and
let the king decide. None other dare,
and Albert must! 1t was particularly
SO at the beginning, when heroic lit
tle Belgium held back the hordes.
Neither France nor England could
aid her; neither were prepared for
war And Germany came down on
Belgium like a tempest.
Later. Gen. Joffre expressed his adj
miration for the elasticity and strength
Il listened to the generals" ren,ied
the king. and II seemed such a great
responsibility to decide among them
that l just, at last, picked out what
seemed the plans of common sense"
or course, we must remember that he
had been brought up an army officer
and had studied strategy, more or less
You did WE'LL said Joffre. Each
general, because he is a specialist and
knows the great strategic schools by
IC Hk4<1 h4
or that one. His ideas of the defense
of Belgium are made up in advance,
and. unwittingly. he might try to force
events to fit them. as has happened
to the German general staff. The high
arb1ter should not be partisan of any
school or preconceived campaign That
is why civilians often make good min
listers of war"
And the timid young king blushed
with pleasure.
little country" Maeterlinck calls him.
He was truly the providential man,
for whom all were waiting He en-
bodied, in beauty. the deep will of his
people. Suddenly, he was all Belgium
revealed to herself and to others He
had the great luck to take and give
confidence in the most tragic moment,
when the stoutest consciences may
momentarily lose courage. Had he not
been there. things would, doubtless,
not have happened in the same manner,
and history might have lost one of her
noblest pages.
Surely. Belgium would have been
faithful to her neutrality, as Switzer-
land would be today, but Switzerland
is warned. prepared and guarding her
frontier. while Belgium was taken
breathless Who knows what confusion
might not have resulted in a people
overwhelmed as we were, what useless
discussions, false p1aneuvers, what
fumbling. legitimate but irreparable.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
DETECTIVES EXPERIENCES
RIVAL THOSE OF FICTION HERO

him to bring the band to justice. no
matter what the cost
Pinkerton took the job. For two
years nothing was heard from him ex-
cept the injunction to be patient. Then,
one morning the entire continent was
startled by the news that two score or
more of the ringleaders Of the Mollies
had been arrested through the agency
of a young detective who, single-han
ed. had gone into their midst and
gathered the necessary evidence. They
were tried and convicted, principally
on the testimony of the young detec-
tive. Many of them were hanged: the
rest were sent to he penitentiary for
varying terms 1t was the end Of the
Molly Maguires; they have never been
heard of since.
detective. When Pinkerton entered
upon the case he found the browning
difficulty was to obtain evidence
against the band Not man dared ad
NIT even a knowledge of the existence
of such an organization The only
way. concluded Pinkerton. that the
needful evidence could be gotten was
by having some one go into their
their secrets.
To that end he secured the country
for man with the necessary qualifica-
lions, and fate led him to MCFARLAND
The young man. who had but recently
come from Ireland. was at that time
holding a precarious job as a street
car conductor in Philadelphia. Pinker-
ton approached him, unfolded his plan,
pointed out the dangers and the re-
wards and asked whether he would
dare attempt the task. For answer.
young Mcfarland asked for ticket
to the coal regions and started that
night
Entering one of the principal coal
mining towns as a total stranger, Nc
Parland at once sought to identify him
self with the criminal element. Power
full in body, he made a hit the first
night by thrashing a local bully in one
of the toughest" barrooms in the
town He dropped vague hints that
he was hiding under an assumed name
which was true, as he called himself
McKenna-because he had committed
several desperate crimes in the "ould
countree" For weeks he hung around
the saloons and other suspected haunts
of the Mollies, resenting any inquiry as
to himself or his business.
After months of walking on eggs he
at length admitted to Jack Kehoe. the
ringleader in the Shenandoah district,
that he had belonged to the Mollies in
Ireland. He was gradually taken into
their gang, and. after more than a
year, found himself one of the inner
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
A. bABcocK FIANo~ 1873, E
NNEERED NAHOdANY AND
EBONY: WITH HRLE DRAWERS
for Music.

in the tenth century. in the rude ac-
compartment to the voice. called an
organum. A little later came a little
improvement called the organ, which
in those primitive days had not even a
keyboard, but slides that were drawn
out to admit the compressed air neces-
sary to make the metal pipes sound.
Somewhere along about the twelfth
century," continued Mr.. Worch, 1.-The
ancestor of the hurdy-gurdy made Its
instrument called the organistrum.
Then. about the time of Guido d'Arrezo.
to whom the beginning of musical no
tation was attributed, the monochord
was constructed with the hope of teach
ing in the singing schools the intervals
of the plain song of the church. This
instrument had shifting bridge.
Fifty years later a certain Aribo
tried to improve upon the monochord
by inventing monochord measure.
which, owing to the rapidity of the
jumps aud leaps it made, he named the
caprea, or wild goat. AS early as the
discovery of America these monochords
were already past fashion. for in 1440
the clavichord. having eight short keys
and sixteen long keys. came into popu-
lar favor This assumed slight re-
semblance to the plano Of later years.
as in old drawings 1t is shown as hav-
ing twelve strings in a rectangular
case.
.In 1880 a small portable organ with
a keyboard of balanced keys appeared
which was called the regal. Then
there were also the saltery, the virgil
nails and the clavichord. which last soon
gave place to the spinet, though IN
nineteenth century The Bachs pre-
ferred the clavichord. or klavler, as II
was called by them, to any other IN
strument Mozart and Beethoven also
had the same regard Tor the claVlcnoro'
and considered 1t the best for compo-
sition-
came along next and had great popu-
larity. The Italian spinets had no legs.
and many of them assumed the shape
of the wedding chest, or cassoni.
These, like the virgtnals, were highly
ornate, made in vivid colors with much
ornamentation in paintings OF rura at
them on legs. The Oldest specimen IN
existence is dated 1890. The spinet.
like the harpsichord. had no mechan-
ism to modify the sound. Harpsichords
were larger and stronger.
''This is the type of musical instru-
ment bought by Gen. George Washing
ton and presented to Nellie Gusts. now
at Mount Vernon. 1t was made in Lon
don; was eight feet long and had a
double bank Of 100 keys These instru-
ments are now veery rare, as they. like
all of their predecessors. in turn lost
favor after the appearance OF the
pianoforte, which was destined to be-
come the most popular domestic instru-
ment.
No we have not one of Zumpes. but
we have in the collection one made two
years later by Longman & Broaderip
of London, which is a counterpart OF
the original one This is such a fragile
looking affair that one wonders how
it has survived the 146 years of its ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
ALDER ],
Correspondence of The Star.
LAUSANNE, Switzerland,
November 16.


LAUSANNE, Switzerland,
November IS.
TT was in town of north France.
on the edge of the fighting line.
The first things seen were Ger
man infantry uniforms.
"Germans" exclaimed the corporal.
Halt Hesitation Then:
-Sapristi,' said the corporal, they're
prisoners"
Which was the case. One hunderd
and thirty-two Germans. escorted by
a dozen French soldiers, were resting
in a corner of the place. Thanks to
fog they had been able to slip across
and surrender voluntarily. overcome by
fatigue, sickness and famine. They
were pitiful to see Some we're wound
ed-as white as their bandages. One
lying on a stretcher, had been shot
after the flight and carried by his COM
rades All had boards an inch long,
and the sunken eyes of men who have
not slept for a week. A few wore
pointed helmets, which they sold for
20 cents each; most Were bareheaded
They stood under the windows of the
town hall
Suddenly the crowd looked up-the
Germans. too, with weary curiosity In
one of the old carved windows stood
Young man, in a dark blue uniform.
of pale face and sad regard.
Pensively he looked upon the Ger
man prisoners Silence. All looked up,
as he looked down In meditation
The great personality of the young
man imposed on all There was no
cheering, Yet all knew and venerated
the pale one in dark blue, who looked
down so thoughtfully. although three
months ago few would have recognized
him, and still less have cared a snap
TO see his face But now
II was the young King of the Bel
gians, Albert, who does not quit his
soldiers. He eats the ordinary food,
changes shirt when he can, works
eighteen hours day. and has slept
four nights hand-running on the cush-
ions of his automobile The king has
no dwelling place, no one knows
where he is, Yet every one has seen
him
A call Of buges- The scattered French
infantry - laughing troop in their red
pants-assembie. form in columns and
stand facing the window where the king
was
He had disappeared: now he returns.
hands resting on the old stone balcony,
head bare, hair in the breeze Beside the
column is band Of trumpets, cornets
bugles-music of the infantry chasseurs
ON war footing Its chief gives rapid
order All at once the flags rise while a
gay chargetune. or flourish. lasting some
five minutes. breaks upon the air The
first two rows begin the Joyous fanfare
taken up by the next two and then the
rest behind, all Intervening in melodic
riot. fanfare of high hearts. whooping
and rejoicing.
While the bright refrain danced in the
sunlight. cannons without wa rning took
II up and marked the measure, four or
five miles distant.
The king looked up, half turned and
talked rapidly with orderlies perceived
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
The lo11e11AN BRoADERIP P1A1o
l768 With 4 32 oeTAvEs AND No PEDAL

was a practice adopted by all of the
American pioneers in piano construc-
ton as means to find sale for their
wares.
The best illustration of this practice,
says Mr.. Worch. is furnished by E.
Scherr of Philadelphia, who, although
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

mahogany with its elaborate brass
trimmings.
dustry in this country the foreign ones
were used so extensively and were so
popular that when American firms did
begin to produce these instruments
they were obliged to cater to this for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

eign preference by various little con-
ceitS.
For instance, the early pianos of
Hiskey of Baltimore bore the state
ment on the name board that he was
piano maker from Vienna. John Loud
of Philadelphia placed under his name
the magic words From London" This
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

hero, most pitiful and gentlest of men,
discreet. silent and timid. OF all his
kingdom, there remain only a few
cities intact, threatened daily. All the
others. so beautiful and venerable with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

art and history. laughing and tranquil,
happy and inoffensive, Jewels of the
crown of peace" museums where our
tourists loved to dream. Industrious.
laborious, rich, open, free. are dead,
There remains not stone on stone, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06

the countryside is a field of horrors,
And half nation, so attached to its
beautiful old homes, its COW hearths
and simple habits, is now wandering
over Europe.
STERLING HEILIG-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
OF ANTIQUE PIANOS ON EXHIBITION AT NATIONAL MUSEUM

When Pianomaking
Industry Was Taken
Up in American
Cities Philadelphia
a Leader - Early In
ventions and How
They Were Improved
Upon in Later Years.
Harpsic chords and
Spinets Once Popu-
lar.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-12-06
Eight Instruments
Form Interesting Ex-
hibit Now Being
Prepared - From
Collection of a
Washingtonian-The
First Foreign Pianos
Used in This Coun-
try Their Peculiar
Shapes and Decora-
tons.

vHE New National Museum is
installing brand-new ex-
hibit which is both imposing
and unique. as it is no less
than a large and Varied COL
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1914-06-03
Doctor wv Writes of Women.

"The intellect OF the American
woman Is equal. II not superior, TO
that OF the men, says DIR. WI Ting
fang, late Chinese minister TO the
United States. in "America Through
the Spectacles OF an Oriental Diplo-
mat tStokes). American women are
good conversaticnalists and many Of
them are eloquent and endowed with
the gift OF gab..--One OF the cleyerest
and wittiest speeches have ever
heard WAS from a woman who spoke
at public meeting on a public ques-
tloR. They are also good writer's, and
their work shows profound insight
and wide culture.
Naturally such women cannot be
expected TO play second fiddle. They
exercise great influence and when
married they rule the roost.' 1t
should be mentioned that their hus-
bands submit willingly to their tactful
rule and gladly obey their commands
without feeling that they are servants
Il would advise any married woman
who complains OF her husband being
unruly and unpleasant to take les
son from the ladies OF America"