The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1914-08-20


| err, prince of the apostles, supreme pom
tin Of the universal church, patriarch
of the west, primate of Italy, archbish
OPP and metropolitan OF the Roman prov
nee and sovereign of the temporal do
minions of the Holy Roman church.
Was Modest in New Honor.
The pontificate of Pope Plus Y. wal
characterized by that spirit of modesty
which never abandoned him and by thai
strong religious feeling which made min
choose as motto, ITO restore everything
TO Christ" The day after his corona
tion he was asked to give orders for
his private apartment in the Vatican
and while he urged the then young Mon.
signore Merry del Val, his secretary
of state, to occupy the gorgeous Borgia
apartment, he himself chose four small
rooms in the low celinged suite above
the state apartment of the pontiF, which
under Leo XIII. had been occupied by
his private secretary, Mgr. Angel.
Plus X. desired to give himself up en-.
tirely to his work. In so doing he did
not spare any fatigue, and giving au-
diences, admitting people to large recep-
tions, celebrating masses, preaching, Civ
Jag communion, reached such point Of
exhaustion that while in the exercise Of
his priestly function in the Pauline
chapel, crowded with people, he tainted,
and thus started that report which pur-
sued him ever after--that he was liable
to fsinting fits, which was quite untrue,
as that was the only occasion on which
he suffered in that way, and it was en-
tirely due to the heat and the vitiated
air of the chapel.
Plus X. did not intend to change the
substance of the policy which his two
predecessors had followed towards Italy.
His protests against the loss of the tenn
poral power, however, lost the vehemence
and bitterness which formerly charac-
terized them.
The strongest Of his protests on this
subject was when President Loubet, dis
regarding the prohibition to all Catholic
rulers and heads of states to visit the
king OF United Italy in his capital was
the first, with the exception Of Prince
Ferdinand OF Bulgaria, since 1870, TO
60 as guest to the quirinal.
This, however was not only caused
by the feeling towards Italy but much
more by the state OF religious war with
France, which was the most remarkable
event in the last Pontifieate, and of
which many have attributed the respon
sibiIity to Plus X, while the hostilities
had already begun under Leo Kill
France found imitators in Spain, which
passed in Parliament bills against the
religious congregations and the clergy,
leading to the recall of the Spanish am
bassador accredited to IRE Holy See; and
in Portugal, where the republic pro-
claimed on October 5, 1910, brought
about a complete separation between
church and state, the expulsion of the |
religious congregations and the confsca-
ton Of their properties.
While such serious crises were taking |
place between the Vatican and some of |
the Latin countries, which had been |
known in history as the most faithful |
TO the Holy See, the relations with Italy,
while maintaining in the outside form
the usual character Of hostility were in
substance much more cordial
Results He Attained.
IT would take long to enumerate all
/
tiated by Plus X, such az that of re.
storing the Gregorian chants, OF preach.
ing every Sunday from text from the
Bible, himself giving the good example
by having as long as his strength al
lowed him. the faithful OF the different
parishes of Rome in the courtyard of
San Damaso TO hear him explain the
gospel story, and carrying out one after
the other as pope the same ideas and
principles which he had confessed and
advocated as bishop and patriarch. One
If his undertakings will leave an impor-
amt mark in the history of the papacy-
The codificati of ecclesiastic law. He ,
the work to an illustrious I
scholar in Canon Law, Mgr. Pietro Gas 9
larri, on whom he conferred the red hat .
n December, 1907. Anothe. epoch max /
ng task was that of the revision of the !
Francis Aidan Gasquet, abbot president '
Il the English Benedictine Congregation ,
o well known as learned historian. d
Plus X. was determined TO restore q
he most iron discipline among the
leroy, and this led to an unrelenting \
ampaign against that section of eccle- I
iastics who professed unorthodox opin- I
ons and were called Modernists. The .
ncyclical promulgated on September s, I
907, condemned the Modernists and their {
Doctrines. "
Following this, several leaders OF the
ioderRist movement were excommuni-
ated in Italy, England and Germany.
he pope displayed even greater energy p
N November I9 1907 when he reaf.
rmed the necessity of combating by
very possible means the spirit of rebei
on, and ordered the bishops to watch b
nd if necessary to dismiss the professor p
lfected with the condemned doctrines P
nd to prevent from taking orders those 81
tudents who were suspected OF sym {,
lthizing with the movement. Ia
New rebellions broke out, and Pius Y. W
ent further in the struggle, with a ID
ew encyclical in May, 1909, and more A
} by imposing the anti-Modernist oath lie
D all ecclesiastics. Sc
The pontih reused a storm of opposi is
on, to himself entirely unexpected, by ca
s encyclical against the Protestants in vi
neral and those of the German refor ca
alton in particular, on the occasion of te
ie centennial of st. Charles Borromeo. co
Another very important reform due TO pa
us y. is that of the Roman CurIs, :
hich was still ruled by the Bull OF =,
xtus V. of January, 1858. With this y
reformed the Offices, the ecclesiastical -