davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
1914 FOUR-CYLINDER CARS
VASTLY OUTNUMBER SKIES

why so much discussion about whether
1911 is four six cylinder year," said
Hubert Drennen. of the Cadillac Motor
Car company, lit is not a subject which
calls for much discussion. 1t is simply
a question of fact.
There are only two conditions which
can determine the question: One is that
either the four or the six shall out
number the other In quantity of produe-
ton. The other is that the value of the
output of either shall exceed the other.
"All makers of consequence have laid
out their plans. They have made esti-
mates of what they contemplate produe-
ing. These estimates, collected by auto
mobile trade publications, show that for
every six cylinder car already produced.
to be produced during the 1914 season,
there will be from eight to 10 four cylin-
der cars.
From a dollar and cents standpoint,
these estimates likewise show that the
selling value of the fours' will be from
two to three times the selling value of
the skies
Our own company has already shipped
more than 1900 of thte 914 model and that
in itself is probably greater than all six
cylinder cars combined selling at or more
than the Cadillac price
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
AUTOMOBILE INCREASES
VALUE OF REALTY

An angle of the automobile business
which a great majority of the people of
OF the people of the country have failed
TO take into consideration" said Walter
Drennen of tthe Overland, company, lis
that thte increase in real estate values
since the horse was relegated to the back
ground by the motor car There is no
way of estimating this increase in dol
lars and cents, but it has been country
wide from the congested city districts to
the most remote farming territory.
In the cities. the eliminat ton of the
horse barn has added millions of dollars
to the vadlue of downtown real estate
For years past we have seen desirable
manufacturing enterprises driven away
from areas where horses were housed It
has been out of the question to attempt
to build residences anywhere near terri
tories where there are a number of sta
bles. With the substitution of the au-
tomobile garage for the horse barn. real
estate values have increased by leaps and
bounds, the added worth in some cases
being as much as 100 per cent
And it is not only I'm dollars and cents
that we have seen this increase in city
real estate values with the elimina-
ton of the horse. We have added large
areas of unoccupied property in our down.
town section. An automobile can be
housed in SO much less space than that
required for horse and wagons that. liter
ally, millions of dollars worth of land
have been made available for other pur-
poses as fast as business concerns have
done away with their horses.
THE same condition holds true in every
small town and village of the country
And In the farming districts we find
constantly icreasing land values as the
pleasure automobile and commercial vehi-
Gle have come into more general use
The motor driven car has brought the
most remote farm into touch with tho
world. for gasoline has eliminated dis
tance"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
OF INTEREST TO JOBBERS
AND STORE MANAGERS

An interesting interview on truck
ing charges and the value of automo-
bile trucks i'll the commercial world
has been issued by Walter NJ. Curtis
of Springfield. Mass. Mr.. Curtis is an
expert accountant and is manager of
the engineering department L. the
New England Audit company. He
speaks as follows:
Before the advent of the motor ve-
hicle for commercial use. very few
business concerns took the trouble to
find just what their trucking charges
amounted to.
'lnasmuch as the horse was the only
means available for the purpose and
had to be fed anyway whether work e.
irE or not. there was comparatively
little inducement 70 separate the team
irg cost from other expenses. Oeca-
Sionally concern might wish to know
whether 1T would be cheaper for them
TO maintain their own teams or to
put out their trucking on contract.
hut this was practically the only in
oentive for watching the trucking
charges closely.
The advent of the motor vehicle.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
Specifications !:

nickel and aluminium
trimmin9s
Deep upholstery
Mohair top. curtains
and boot
Cewl dash
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
TABLE OF TIRE PRESSURE
IS CHANGED

Several changes are noted in the
table OF recommended tire pressures is
sued by the Goodyear Tire company for
1914" said e. II. Gafford. 'The recon-
mended pressure for 6-fnch tires has
been changed from 120 to 100; for 515-
inch tires from 110 to 100; for 5-inch
tires from 100 to 80. Considerable scien-
tific testing preceded this apparent con-
cession to lower initiation and easier rid
ing.
Tire makers recognize that the destruc-
tion of an underinflated tire is brought
about by an excess of flexing, or bend
ing. A soft tire has its side walls bent
almost together and released to normal
position every time the wheels turns
over This generates heat and the bend
ing itself breaks down the tire fabric. A
tire properly inflated is not the victim
of as much destructive flexing in year
as an underinflated tire maye be in a
week. Then, too, an underinflated tire,
striking a stone or street railway rail,
may have top and bottom brought to-
gether in blow hard enough to crush
or break the fabric at once. The smaller
the tire, the sharper the flexing angle
and the shorter the distance between top
and bottom when blows are encountered
Careful investigation convinced Good
year that in 5-inch tires and up the
angle OF flexing under ordinary initiation
is small enougr to allow for a lower pro-
portionate air pressure than recon-
mended for small tires. and the new
figures are included in the company's
latest tables. One experiment to Illus
trate the principle involved is this:
Take small wire three inches long
and another six inches long. Bend each
in the middle to the same angle. Then
bring the ends of each wire an inch
closer together than at first and then
compare the sharpness of the angles at
the center.
Consider that the 3-inch wire Is
3-inch tire side WALL and the 6-inch wire
a 6-inch tire side wall. and the reason
why underinflation destroys tires is made
entirely clear"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01

eeption to find high grade cars with the
batteries stuck back under the seats
and other inaccessible corners of the
body.
The objections to this practice
should be apparent to any layman.
When the hoods are lifted during the
charge or inspection, the attendant is
able to reach only part of the cells
and in order to get at the remainder,
he must enter the car and lift the
cushions, Furthermore, after he has
been reprimanded a few times for get
ting grease, water, or acid on the up
holstering, he is still more reluctant
to do any work which requires him to
enter the car. 1t requires little imagl-
nation TO predict the result The bat
teries will be neglected and soon give
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
BY RICHARD Il. LUsSIER

yesterday, that the Maxwell Motor conf
pany is planning to defend the prestige
of American made ears against the
world.
That the big concern contemplated en-
tering the racing game at all was not
even suspended until the announcement
was made that three cars, guaranteed to
beat all previous records on the Indian
apolis speedway, are now we'll on toward
completion in the Maxwell experimental
department, and that the veteran racing
expert, Ray Harroun will tune them up
FOR the record breaking test and super
wise their performance in the Memorial
Day classic and other big events.
In building care that conform to rae
ing specifications rather than to stock
model dimensions. we have simply met
European concerns on their own ground,
said Judge Dan Greene.
I'VE have motive in this that goes
below the merely superficial one of win
ming q few trophies and cash prizes.
That motive is to maintain the splendid
prestige of American made cars against
the combined assaults of European
makers who are frantieally trying to
stem the American invasion as they
call 1t.
I'VE will export fully 10 per cent of
our total output the coming year, and,
as Europe, and other continents come TO
appreciate the true quality or Amerl-
can cars as well as their price, the for
eign trade must increase.
''Of course, it is unlikely that all the
rest of the world will ever be able to
absorb as many automobiles as our
wonderfully rich country does, but it
is certain that there will be as great
an increase during the next two years
as there has been in the last five-our
foreign orders show that conclusively.
"The prejudice against American cars
has now practically passed-prejudice
cannot long stand in the face of per-
formance. But while II lasted, that very
prejudice performed its part in firmly
establishing American cars abroad. 1t
subjected them to the sevecest tests
turned the limelight upon them while
hostile people watched-and lol the per-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
STATES PAY S1OOOOOOOO FOR GASOLINE EVE
Some Statistics Showing Magnitude Of the Motor Car In
dusfry-Curtis Talks Interestingly Of Value Of
Auto Truck In the Commercial World
1914 Cars Mostly 4-Cy1lder

formance year in and year out, finally
broke down the prejudice and put con-
fidence in it's place.
European makers did not take the
matter seriously until 1t was too late.
Not that it would have made any diff
ference in the final result. for Ii would
not. But it might have delayed matters.
Driven to the last extremity, they
now resort to the only expedient that
they think will dim the lustre of Ameri-
can cars-speed contests. Well, we will
meet them on that ground, too, and We
are Just as confident of beating them
there we have in the making of pleas
ure and utility automobiles at prices
they cannot hope to compete with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
For One Dealer

year single 5000 Overland dealer
takes in the same period.
If you think this over for moment these
figures will mean something to you.
1t certainly is reasonable to assume that
must be giving more for less money than any
other manufacturer in the business.
five were not, we could hardly be doing the
largest business.
That's sound logic.
If you will just take the time to make few
specification comparisons you will find the cost of
the Overland is 500 less than that of any other simi
lar car made.
See the 1914 Overland today. Phone our
dealer.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01

Clsar.vision, RAIN
vision windshield
Stewart speedoneter
Electric horn
Flush u doors with
concealed hingss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01

the owner trouble On the other hand,
IN the natural process of charging, acid
fumes will unavoidably get into the
ear and ultimately ruin the upholster-
ing, to say nothing of the damage done
to the interior by the attendants s
greasy clothes.
"A glance under the hoods of the
Standard will Immediately show how
this very serious defect has been1
avoided. When the hoods are lifted
every cell Is accessible from the out 4
side of the car. The trays are easily
lifted out when occasion demands
There is no chance for acid fumes to-
get into the upholstering. There is no
excuse for the attendant running the
upholstering with acid or greasy
clothes
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
The Maxwell "25' roadster with express deck

Think of it, $1oo, 900, 900 for gaso-
line per year. Still that is not so
very surprising considering the fact
that $500, ,ooo, 900 is spent annually
for ice cream in the United States;
but then there are quite a few persons
who can afford to eat ice cream, but
who can't afford motor car and gas
oline is strictly the esprit de vie" of
the automobile.
1t is stated that there are ap-
proximately 100000 motor cars In
use in this country. 1t is estimated
average 5ooo miles per annum, thus
making total of 5000, 100000 miles
travelled by motor cars in the United
States per year at the present time.
This is equal to going around the
world approximately 100000 times
and shows the enormous mileage COW
cred by automobiles in America alone.
The wonderful development that has
taken place in motor cars of recent
years is indicated by the fact that
the aggregate horse power developed
by all motor engines in the United
States is greater than that generated
by all the commercial steam power
plants in the country.
Considering all sizes of motor cars,
it is stated an average of about 10
miles can be had out of gallon of
gasoline, and on this average it can
be seen that the oil companies will
manufacture for the automobile in
dustry BOO, 900 900 gallons of gasoline.
At 20 cents gallon the cost will
amount to $1oo, ,ooo,o ,ooo These fig
ures show the magnitude of the motor
car industry in the United States to-
dav.
The question at present is how long
will it be before the sale Of gasoline
surpasses that of ice cream?
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
ANALYZING
COST CHARGES

although it may not be possible to
Sive actual figures on the saving a
motor system can effect in any par
tfcular instance without a special study
OF the peculiar conditions involved, |
have found it entirely practical to
make nanalysis of the proper charges
to be taken into account in both horse
and motor vehicle trucking methods in
various lines of industry. These
charges fall naturally into two classes
fixed charges and operating charges.
In the former are placed interest, in
surance of all kinds. drivers wages
and garage charges. In the latter de-
probation, gasoline. oil and grease
tires and general maintenance.
by a careful study of much of the
reliable data obtainable on these sub
jects and an analysis of the results in
accordance with the above general
ciassifications. l have found the fol-
lowing to be very clearly apparent:
First. that there is a decided advan-
tage in the use of motor vehicles of
large capacity whenever the nature of
the load is such as to make a large
tonnage possible; second. that there is
a corresponding reduction in the cost
per ton mile with an increase in the
daily mileage Third. that it is of the
greatest Importance to eliminate as
much idle time as possible in the use
OF motor NenlcleS. Fourth, tnat fuDbef
tire expense is large direct operat-
ing charge in the case of the regula-
tlon motor truck. Fifth. that a com
parison of the charges against the
tractor type of motor vehicle with
those against the large regulation mo-
tor truck shows a distinct economic
advantage for the tractor for many
purposes due mainly to the following
reasons-larger capacity at a less in
Vestment cost less strain and conse-
drently less damage and maintenance
tc vital parts for the same tonnage,
also less tire expense due to use of
steel tires under the greater part of
the paving load.
with these conclusions in mind it
should not be difficult for a business
nan to Judge with some degree OF
accuracy whether or not a motor truck
or tractor would be of value in solv-
/ ing his own particular hauling prob
| lem. He could then obtain outside eN
/ pert advice in arranging the details
| OF his case if he felt it necessary. In
f1anN cases a rearrangement of the
shipping facilities would make it pos
sihle to use a motor vehicle to great
advantage when under present con-
ditions it could not be worked to a
proper capacity Even where no great
| financial saving can be effected as in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01

some cases of short haul work, the.
motor vehicle Is a good asset from an
advertising standpoint--it Invariably
tends to increase trade and pleases Gus
toners by more prompt and efficient
service"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01

however, and the necessity of intel
ligently considering its adoption to
their own particular line, awoke bust
ness men to the Importance of know
ing what their trucking was costing
them. 1t called for more than this,
however. for other considerations were
involved. such as the advertising value
Of a motor vehicle. effect on custom
ers, advantage over competitors, slim
ulation of trade. etc. DisregardinS
these latter features, however, the
great problem confronting business
concerns has been to secure a reliable
basis upon which to compare the two
systems from a cost standpoint.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-02-01
MAXWELL RACING CARS
TO MEET WORLD

Nothing has created more comment
than the news, which became known
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
IMMIGRATION TIDE HAS
TURNED TOWARD AFRICA

Rome, March 2l.-Agliculture is
proving so successful in Tripuli. the
new Italian colony in Africa. that the
government expects to see soon a great
deviation of the usual emigration to
the United States in favor of the OPP
portunitics near at hand. The Italian
soldiers In TripOli, with the fatigue OF
war past and, the most urgent ROADS
built, are experimenting with various
kinds of agriculture To learn what is
best adapted To the soil.
Already immense tracts which have
hitherto yielded only thistlrs are
green with the promise Of abundant
crops, the government having distrib-
uted thousands OF bushels of grain
among the Arabs on the condition that
it is returned when the crops are gath
cred Al .tzizia the harvest of barley
has been multiplied forty times and at
SOsfa medical herbs and potatoes are
being grown with great success.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
REPUBLICANS CAN'T FIND
A CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR
MANY BELIEVE G. o p. NOMINEE
WOULD PRESENT STRONG
OPPOSITION.

The refusal of Or. George f.. Gallen
TO he a candidate for the office of may
or on the Republican ticket has plac-
ed the members of the party i'm Il
quandary and up to the present time
they have not found Il candidate TO
run for the Officer Many prominent
Republicans of the city believe that
if the right man could he secured he
would make strong opponent for
Mayor Ojala, who will seek reelection
on the United city party ticket.
The strength of the Republican par
~ IN Hancock cannot be over esti-
mated at the present time and the
voters Of this ticket are ready to work
for any citizen of the party willing to
run for the office. \ few people who
were OF the opinion that the splitting
of the vote by having two candidates
i'm line for Office would possibly throw
the Office over To the Socialistic can
didate hut as the strength Of the So
cialists is not To he considered there
is little likelihood of any detrimental
effect coming from opposition for the
mayorllty.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
BEGIN SENTENCES TO-DAY.
and Salminen Leave for
the Marquette County Jail.

John u. Nummivuori, business man
ager of Tyomies and Loppatosu, the
Hancock Finnish socialist publications
and John Salmnen, editor of the lat
ter sheet left last night for Marquette
To begin sixty days sentence in
Marquette county Jail, imposed by
the United States circuit court year
ago.
Nummivuori and Salminen We're ad =
Vised by wire Thursday night by Unit
ed States Marshal Ross at Marquette
that they should come 10 Marquette nj
once and begin the expiation de-
handed by the United States court.
Having failed to establish their inno-
cence in the United States court o.
appeals, after conviction at Marquette,
the two socialists had 70 alternative.
The crime for which they We're con-
yicted was sending through the mails
an edition of Loppatosu, the comic
weekly i'm which there was obscene
matter.
The sentence comes at an inoppor~
tune time for Nummivuori as the f.
nancial affairs of the Tyomies are in
serious condition.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
STARTS $500 MILE TIP
BY OK TEAM FROM ELGlNA,
CANADA, TO ILLINOIS CITY

Regina, Canada. March Ito win
u wager, Charles Wasem Of Regina,
Canada, will travel from Regina to
Bellevillo. ILL.,, via $500 mile route.
to nc there in time to take part in the
Bellevillc centennial celebration.
Wasem has already started on his
journey. having left Regina February
-. II" expects to arrive i'm BelleVille
ON the 'iight of Sep .ember two days
before the centennial.
The idea % choosing IN OK team
to phil his prairie schooner was adopt
ed by Wasem by reason of the fact
that an OK team was used to transfer
records etc, from the court house of
Bellevillo, H.. to the rev courthouse,
100 years ago. and it is believed that
Wascm's forefathers assisted in the
moving of the records.
Some Of the moro important places
that Wasem will step at are: Moose
law. Sask.: Wevburn, Sask.; Portal,
Sask.: Minot. y. u: Grand Forks. y.
D.: Fergus Falls, Mimi; st. Cloud,
Mimi: Minneapolis. Mimi; st. Paul.
Mimi: La Crosse. Wis: Racine, Wis;
Rockford, H.; Bloomington. ILL.,: Cham
paign, III Decatur, H.; Chicago. Ill;
Elsin. ILL.,, Aurora; H.: Joliet. Ill;
Peoria, ILL.,: Springfield. Ill; Alton,
ILL.,. ST. Louis, Mo; East st. Louis, III;
pelevue, I'll.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
Hancock Department

FORTS to better the conditions and the
""'\ eNplalnable way out of the pres
'ht difficulties is the providing of p
new high school building.
IN" Central school building. itself.
Nhele the students of the high school
ar" taught is crowded so that stud
eh'S taking course in any study such
as physics or chemistry where labora-
tory periods are needed cannot do their
hest work and i'm some cases there are
twenty students who are forced TO
work In laboratory nj one time. Thus
the apparatus is inobtainable and
much time is wasted by them because
theN cannot work at the same expert
ment at the same time and the room
is so crowded that 1t is impossible 10
get the hest results.
Laboratories in Need Of Repair.
The apparatus i'm the two laburator-
les in the high school department s
IN need Of repair and i'm many cases
new apparatus is needed. The ma
terial for the manual training depart
ment is about in the same way and
twenty-five or more students are at
times confined in a little room To work
at different tasks
The seating capacity of the assem-
bly, room where the students are seat
ed when not attending classes Is not
large enough and officials of the school
believe that in another year it will he
impossible To seat the number of stu
dents who will enter the next fresh
men class. While a class graduates
every year more students are entering
the high school than are leaving it and
consequently the conditions constant
~ become more crowded.
At many of the entertainments given
in the assembly room persons inter-
csted in the students are frequently
turned away because of the limited
seating capacity.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-03-21
CANCER EXPERTS ADVICE.
Urges Those Experimenting With Ra'
dunn to Cease Making Predictions.

London. March 21.-"lt would pe
well if those who are experimenting
with radium would he silent for tn"
next couple of years until they know
where they are, and can make some
definite announcement" said DR.. Chas.
RyaIl. chairman of the medical COM
mittee Of the Cancer hospital. at a
recent meeting of the governors.
"Radium." he added, has not come
10 supplant surgery in the treatment
of cancer, but TO aid il i'm fighting the
dis,ase The properties Of radium are
comparativcly little known, and we arc
therefore going through the expert
mental stage of radium treatment en-
dcavorinp To fathom its effect ON dis
ease. especially cancer, estimate It's
dosage and classify what cases are
suitobla for treatment by it.. That VIII
mean some years of work, but we can
,,ai, with confidence for DEFINITE
announcement, rs the radium re-
search work i'm the country is beins
carried out Systematically and is III
the best hands
DR.. RyaI said there was enormous
field for research work at the cancer
hospital but it was hampcred by th'
inadeauatc supply of fadium ana "'
enormous cost.