Rocky Ford enterprise., 1914-08-14
FARM ACCOUNTS
CONTINUED from First Page)

oats; barley 2O-65; wheat 1865. etc.
Narrowing should be treated in the
same way.
Irrigation is employed in the pro-
duction of all crops and should there
fore be charged to timothy and al
falfa as well as the others. This
expense will then be charged as fol-
lows: Oats 30-100; barley 20-10O; tim
othy 25-l00. etc.
The other costs of cultivating and
harvesting can usually be charged di-
rect TO the various crops to which
they apply. Threshing expenses,
however, may be divided in proper
ton to the number of bushels of
grain threshed. for instance: if there
are 1900 bushels of oats, 600 bushels
of barley and 200 bushels of wheat.
a total OF 23O0 bushels OF grain; the
expenses OF threshing are charged
1923 to oats; 6-23 to barley. and
2-23 to wheat.
The expenses of keeping the hor-
ses, such as feed. shoeing, veteri-
nary charges. etc. should be charged
to one account until the end OF the
year and then divided by the number
of horses to find the annual expense
per horse. In order to charge this ac-
Count cllItdDiy against tne ullleTcHt
crops it is necessary to keep rec
ord OF the number OF days the horses
are used in handling each crop. We
will assume there are ten head OF
horses and they all worked 100 days
during the year; suppose also it cost
$500 to feed and kee pthem through
he year, then it has cost $50 per
lead and as each horse has worked
100 days it has cost SOC per head for
zach day they worked. If the total
lumber of days each horse is en-
Iloyed in handling an particular
crop be multiplied by Soc, the ex-
,ense chargeable to that crop for the
Use OF horses. will be obtained.
When at the end of the year all
.hese expenses. charged to each pro-
iuct OF the farm. are brought to-
sether. the next step is to determine
what it has cost per bushel to pro
luce the grain or per ton to produce
The hay. That is accomplished by
liyiding the total expense OF each
sind of grain by the number OF bush
is produced. or by dividing the hay
Expense by the number of tons pro-
iuced
At the end OF the year the produce
cmaining on hand should be care
'uiiy liicdsuitu anu NdluCu al IilC COST
o produce as explained above The
value of the amount OF any product
IN hand plus amount used and sold
will show the gross income from that
,rop and it the expenses charged to
It be subtracted. the net profit or
loss will be shown.
1t will be noted from the forego-
ing that every item OF expense should
be charged to some particular crop,
il possible. there will be some. how
ever, OF such nature that this will
be impossible, and thus arises an
other account or set OF accounts
termed GKeneral Expenses to which
are charged such items as repairing
buildings and fences, interest on Dor.
rowed money, taxes, etc.
When the profits or losses from the
various crops are brought together.
showing a certain combined profit or
loss, by subtracting the General Ex-
penses. the NET GAIN or LOSS
from the operation OF the farm is
shown.
The above is very brief outline
Of the possibilities of accounting as
applied to Agriculture. If these sug-
gcstions are carried out the founda-
lions will be laid for the securing OF
such information asl the cost OF
blowing and narrowing per acre, cost
Of irrigation per acre or per bushel
or ton, yielded, cost OF total Weld
per acre, cost OF boarding men per
day worked and many other things
OF practical value TO the farmer.