The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-11-03
BIC r OF CHILE
All About the Great Haciendas and How They
Are Managed
Are Managed

much more. The most of the non
| irrigated lands are in the south. !
| shall write more fully of them in the
future.
oxen everywhere take the place Of
| horses and mules. They are yoked to
clumsy carts by wooden bars tied to
| their horns and are drive with long
! goads with steel spikes in the ends.
Nevertheless, the farmiEG is we'll
done, and on man. estates it is equal
to that of the United States.
Nearly everywhere The business is
on a grand scale. In many parts OF
the valley 200 acres is little more than
a garden patch, and the irrigated
farms Of 5000 and even 10000 acres
are common. There is one farm or
10000 acres, and several which have
Is, 900 and more. There are some
very large vineyards. The estate of
Lo Urmenta contains 1000 acres, and
| of these 200 are now bearing grapes
1t has cellars with a capacity of $780,
900 gallons Of wine, and it bottles and
ships vast quantities every year. The
E~rrazuriz vineyard, at the foot of the
Andes, puts up 5000 bottles Of win
stores away in casks. It ships more
than 100000 lottles Of wine every
month. There is another vineyard
that ships 10000 gallons a year.
One Of the richest families Of isle
is that Of Augustin Edwards, who is
now minister from here to the court
of st. James. He has ore hacienda
about twenty-five miles north Of Val
paraisO h a supplies a part of that
city with milk. He has 500 mich
COWS, and he breeds fine dairy stock.
He is also noted as a breeder Of horses
not only for racing. but for heavy
draft: He has in his stables IS
Arabian Mares, 80 Percherons and
horn bulls, some Of which were
brought from England. Another big
dairy hacienda, which also supplies
Valparaiso, is that Of Don Tomas
Eastman. On that estate there are
: several thousand cattle, including
{ 1000 mich cows. On the Denose
dairy farm there are still more. The
latter hacienda has the biggest silt
, in the world and one of the Queerest
: 1t is nothing more than great ditch
g $50 feet long, 20 feet wide and II
3 feet in depth. This Is filled with rec
\ clover which has been .trodden t
pieces by driving horses over it an(
E then laying it between layers Of straw
The Denoso farm runs its machiner!
\ by an electric plant operated by fall
= two miles away. The hacienda ha.
electric lights and the cows ar
MIXED under the rays Of incandescen
burners.
6 The nursery of Santa Ines. is tn
largest in Chile. It has IN electri
plant run by the falls Of a brancl
plant run by the falls Of a branch o
the Mapocha river. This is now fur
nishing 100 horsepower, which j
I,,-~1 -: 49,
Establishments connected with the prop
! erty. Everything excepting the farm
a ing and c~ultivating is done by cleo
tricity, and this includes the thrash
80 ing Of all kinds Of grain, the sawin
II of lumber, the lighting the owner
80 home and the moving of the ,achine
of a large manufacturing plant. O
that estate there are twelve miles {
e. railroads., and there is one peac
,ne orchard in bearing that contain
~ $4,000 trees. Every field is walle
'ns with poplar trees, and the receip
% must equal, | should say, the salal
Of u President. Nevertheless it W.
to pay, and during that time it co
Don Salvador IzQuierdo S., who owl
it, an outlay of 100000.
-. During my last visit to Chile
visited the estate Of Macul, which b
~ longs to the Cousinos, the descen'
~ dIltS VI d "OIIIdI w was lOHS Sd
~ to be the richest widow of the worl
W This estate cost more than a ha
VI million dollars when it was bought
eI Don Cousino. 1t is now valued
over a million. 1t consists Of abo
5000 acres of irrigated land, and
en- has a large number of fine blood
ne horses and 200 cattle bred from t
he best Durham stock IT'S vinevar
It's have hundreds OF thousands of viz
ms and they produce millions of bottl
Of wine every year. The water rel
nS there are about as much as the sala
at of a United States Senator, and t
or irrigation bitches are marked out
lid long lines Of poplars. The park
all Macul is one Of the finest in Chile.
he -
or Another large estate is that
no Aguila, belonging to Don Santiago
ass TOro, which contains II, 900 acres.
In is not far from Santiago, and it to