davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
u. s. MAY BE FORCED TO TAKE
AGGRESSIVE ACTION IN MEXICO
FOUR AMERICANS REPORTED
MURDERED IN MEXICO CITY

Vera Cruz, April 25-The Ell Dictamen local
newspaper SAYS four Americans killed by mobs in
Mexico City 1t declares it received the information
from the federal capital Three of the American victims
the paper says taken out of street and killed
in the streets and the fourth killed in the Young
Mems Christian association building by members OF the
baseball team to which he belonged
The information could not be confirmed from any
source and considered doubtful in many quarters
Vera Cruz today is isolated from direct communi-
cation with the interior Refugees arriving, report
intense anti American feeling in all directions.
Consul Canada at Vera Cruz still is in communica-
tion with the state department He made no mention
in his dispatches of the report that four Americans had
been killed in Mexico City Canada reported nothing
more serious from Mexico City than the pulling down of
Washngtons statue and the stoning of the American
Club
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
BIG SHIPMENT OF ARMS IS
SECRETLY LANDED AT ULSTER

Belfast. April 25.--forty thousand
rifles and half-milion rounds OF am
munition from Germany were landed
AT isolated points on the coast OF VI
ster during last night and distributed
bv two hundred automobiles to vari-
,,,,. bcadunarters Of Ulster "Nolun-
tcers."
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Vera Cruz, Mex, April 25.-The
statue of George WASHINGTON i'm Mex
leo City was pulled down by mob
led by Jorge Hueria, son of President
Huerta, who attached ropes to it,
Two Americans are reported to have
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
Leaders in Congress Favor. Ag-
greSSiye Action Instead Of
"Sit Tight" Policy
Plans for Pertecting Operations
at Vera Cruz and Along
Border Considered

An undercurrent Of a desire in
Congress for more aggressive ae-
ton in Mexico became apparent
today, several members OF the
House, and the eha,men OF i'm
portant committees, agreeing that
the plan to "sit tight" at Vera
Cruz, awaiting retaliatory deve-
opments, might result in embar-
RAISING international compioa-
tions.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
READING r. r. HEAD ILL;
OUTCOME is DOUBTFUL

philadelphia. Pa, April 25.-George
+. Baer. president of the keadihs rail-
way. was stricken on the street at nine
O'Clock today with what physicians
believe was stroke of paralysis lie
was ON the way TO his office ana fell
20 tho sidewalk. Baer is unconscious.
His condition is serious, ana 'ne ou.-
come is doubtful. according to physi-
clans
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Toxic April 25.-The Japanese premier authorized tn
statement Japan has intention whatever of utilizing til
present trouble between the United States and Mexico to
from the United States satisfactory settlement of tn
California difficulty
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
BULLETINS

Washington April 25-"The subject of my resignation
discussed with anybody thought of by
said Secretary Bryan.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Washington April 25-Secretary Garrison said the Ur
ed States troops which have been ordered to Vera Cruz
going there for duty when asked the purpose of the
tary movement He would make further explanation of
fifth army division from Galveston.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Vera Cruz April 25-Admiral Badger reports that tn
wounded improving and that the surgical do
surprisingly WELL"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

been rescued by Huertas aides from
the wrath of the mob.
Washington. d. G.. April 25.-Nel-
son O'Shaughncssy, American charge
Continued on 9th Page, 5th Column.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Washington April 25-An official report from Consul Can
ada at Vera Cruz says that several Americans including
Starr Hunt and family and Burton Wilson, placed under
arrest in Mexico City after being taken from refugee train
that carried Shaughnessy and his party to Vera Cruz
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

New York April 25-The largest wireless outfit
ruced for the of army in the field sufficiently powerful
communicate from Vera Cruz to Arlington, Virginia is
ready Bedoes Island Orders expected from Wash
ington to forward it to Vera Cruz
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25
Washington, April 25.-

Washington April 25-Secretary Bryan today denied tn
reports that nineteen Americans and Engshman all raj
road employees arrested Ozaba Orozco had been executed
The Brazilian consulate has been appealed to for their release
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

Washington April 25-The Spanish ambassador has an
nounced that he has taken charge of the affairs of the Mexca
government in Washington.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-04-25

ZEN BEP OF THE
M ASSOCIATED PRESS
AL TopAY's NEWS TODAY.
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
Discovered! Why
Lawyers Go Mad
Follow Carefully the Details Given
Below and You Will Go
Loony Too.

SARATOGA SPRINGS, y. Y, Feb.
]. Miner, an attorney, has
been retained by a client in the west
ern part of the State to figure out the
proportionate share of a son in an es-
tate The facts Of the relationship as
given to the attorney are these
on May 2, 1905, there lived in the
town of Day, Saratoga County "a
ther and his son, the mother being
dead. At the same time and a short
distance away in Fulton County lived
a widow and her daughter
The son on that date married the
widow, whereby the new wife's daugh-
ter became her husbands 5 daughter,
and at the same time the sons VIE
became the boys fathers daughter,
and the young daughter of the son :
wife. who had become daughter Of the
sons father, also became the sons
fathers nddaughter
Then. to ccmplicate matters Still
further, in July, 1906 the father mar
ried the sons wife's daughter, where
bv the sons wife's daughter became
the sons mother and the sons wife
became the sons fathers mother,
Furthermore. the sons father having
married the sons daug hteT. she be-
came the sons mother, and the son $
mothers mother, who is the sons
wife, is the sons grandmother, and
thereby the son became his own
GRANDPA ther,
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
Miss Natalie Haddon Learns Remarkable Secret
From South American Natives

The waters Of these lakes are impreg-
mated with chemicals which change
the color of the hair each lake hav-
Ing different colored dye.
Lake Huacachma was the most
accessible of them all 1t dyed the
hair red And 7, having always
lnnged to have titan braid, lost no
time in making the short trip to this
lake In the native language
learned the name, Huacachina, means
i cause to weep | was not long in
flnding out the reason for the name
Of this lake The water contained
sulphur My eyes watered for two
days But it was worth while, for !
found myself possessed of a wealth of
auburn IatC.
"My ambition is fulfilled and now
take the oppOrtuni' to tell the secret
Of obtaining an colored hair.
sisters. go to pisco, Peru"
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
WOMAN TELLS
Of HEART CURE
BY RELIGION n
Christian Scientists Show Many
Reports of Helpless Restored
by Reliance on Faith,

NEW YORK Fob 2s An exami-
nation Of testimony sent 10 the Of
fees OF the Christian Science Church
shows that in that orsanizatio i'm
mediate cures without The aid Of
medicine or physician, are reported
frequently. Many cases bear a strik
ing similarity 10 that of Helen Scott
q Jamaica 81 T. girl who. according
to her own etor, and that Of her
parents. was hea ed in IL dream and
from crippled hclplessness made able
20 walk.
The following list of cases reported
able TO walk recently are vOuched FOR
By the Christian Science church
Enumerate Cases.
Mary D. Clarke Of Los Angeles,
Cal. had for many years suffered froin
a disease which dcnied her the use Of
her limbs Finally after a series -
unsuccessful operations, she was told
by physicians that her life hung by a
thread" With determination equai-
ing hat Of Helen Scott and her par
ents, according 20 her testimony, sne
turned to faith healing. In less than
a week she was out Of her bed and
NhF hfll On ilFl why ~ If'VNFA
w r. 'onDel, Chicago business
man reports his son " s cured Of tu-
bcrCulosis OF the bone by Christian
Science. His spine was curved and
his hip was completely out Of joint.
The tired little body responded at
once to treatment from a Christian
Scientist
Cured Of Goiter.
Immediately after tho healing, HE
father writes to the church, "hc be
gan to grow In height as we'll 'a
weight When be laid aside on-
crutch. he could barely touch the
ground with his right toes, but in a
few days he had discarded the other
erutch, and later his cane.
My nephew has boeu healed hy
Christian Science" says Mrs William
Beighley, Of West sunbury Pa. "He
had goitcr II was notlCeably ch-
larged and pained him at Intervals
with sharp pains. He could find no
help from physicians so turned tu
Chrlstiau Science After the FIRST
weeks treatment there was 40 more
pain The swelling Kept decreasing
gradually, until finally there was no
noticeable enlargement
Eyes Get Well.
Hattie g Gay ~ Torre Hsute Ind,
writes that her eyes we're instantly
cured By Christian Science. She laid
her glasses aside one day and never
used them again She also testifics
that by the same faith treatment shc
was cured of bad stomach disorder
and of neuralgia.
Mrs NJ NJ. Hackett Of Tribbey
Okla. tCstifics she was cured of Sc
we're heart trouble and Of another dis
ease not BY medicine or physicians.
but by reading and studying Mrs.
Eddys bo X. Science and Health
with Key to The scriptures" She
tcstifics further that ner daughter was
healed Of appendicitis and acute lung
trouble hy ia same method of treat
mcnt
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
Girl Finds Lakes Of Hair Dye.
4.+ +'+
Dips Head in Peruvian Water
*'+ go
Fiance Sees Blonde Now Titan.

Natalie NJ EIaddon who the heart of the Andes Noun
ans of whose natives blue
Miss addon prove brought home red tresses
instead Of her former blond ones.
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
MRS. MARCHECA,
NAPOLEON s KIN,
SEEKS DIVORCE
Thrice Married Heiress Objects
to Husbands Dog and Fond
r9ss for Other Women,

NEy YORK, Feb. 28.- Mrs Anna
NJ NJ raheca. who says she is de-
secnd 1T OF Napoleon Ronapartes 8
mothG-. has filed a separation action
in tta Supreme Court against Joseph
r Marcheca.
she alleges he made her sleep in
The anne room with himself and his
dog, and she objects to the dog She
also objects TO her husbands alleged
fondness for ether women.
MarcheCa who says his wife VIII
eventually inherit S21 900. 900 from an
uncle In Russia, denies the charges.
He says his wife is Jealous Of him
and tries to make him Jealous Of her.
His wife has been married three
times, her first husband having died
and her second having been divorced,
She has two grown sons.
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
BROTHER
BY BLOOD; BEST
MANFOR SISTER
John GiImurray Parts With Quart
by TRANSMISSION and Then
Goes to Ceremony.

NEW YORK, Feb. 2S.-John Gil
murray gave quart of blood to save
his brother Franks life early yestcr-
day morning. At noon he was best
man at his sister Mary's wedding.
Two hours later the brothers were
side by side on an operating table,
arms lashed together, the fresh blood
from the body of John flowing into
the blood vessels of his older an
weaker brother The telephone bell
rang The doctors answered. 1t was
Mary.
How soon can John Gomez" she
asked, I'm to be married to-day and
he is best man, It's bad luck to post
pone a wedding"
Meantime Frank Gilmurray was re
ported much improved.
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
Choir Tenor Found
Burglary Better Pay

NEW YORK Fob 2s George w.
Acker. the choir singer and Sunday
school teacher arrested on a charge of
burglary ami assault was held In $4,000
bail for trial yesterday IN Morrisania
court
AcSer. according To the Bronx detec-
fiVes. told them that while he derived
an income from singing. he made most
OF his money robbing gas meters in
apartment houses
He said he ala not intend to harm
Airs Rose, Of No. ,S5i Cypress avenue,
but Gid hope TO rob the gas meter and
get away
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
Loses His Memory
On Eve of Wedding

PENN VAN, y. Y, Feb. "a Three
months ago James w Green went 10
Rochester TO buy his wedding outht.
Nothing was heard of him until two
weeks ago. when he was recognized
al a farmhouse near here, where he
was working for his board under the
name Of William Williams
Green says he was struck by an auto
and lost his memory. The sight of his
fiance revived his recollection, and the
two were married
Green made will just before he dis
appeared. in which he left all his pos
sessions TO Miss Ryndsrs
Atlanta Georgian., 1914-03-01
FREE TO
ASTHMASUFFERERS
A New Home Cure That Anyone o.,
Use Without Discomfort or Loss ''
of Time.

we have New Method that cur.,
Asthma, and we want you to try if If 81 y,
our expense. No matetr whether yo,s "a.
case Is of long standing or recent ~
veloDment, whether it Is present as oe
casiona or chronic Asthma. you shoS,ia
send for free trial of our method. ES
matter in what climate you live ~ ~
matter what your age or Occupation q,
you are troubled with asthma, onmr IL
method should relieve you promptly.
We especially want to send II to tboso
apparently hopeless cases, where al,
forms of inhalers, douches, opium prsn.
arations, rumes. "patent smokes" etc
have failed. We want to show eVsr,,
one at our own expense. that this new
method is designed to end all difficnit
breathing. all wheeling and all tho.a
terrible paroxysms at once and for ali
time
This free offer is too important N
neglect a single day. Write now and
then begin the method at once. SenS
no money. Simply mail coupon below
Do 1t To-day.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09

contest. Pearl Small, Notus. wo,
hrst honors in the county norItrv
Jiuo contest. Plans are already I'M
uer way tor the Advancement Of the
oiuo work tor another year.
Other Exhibits.
lhee winning precinct exhibit de-
served stronger competition than
was given. This exhibit came from
Fargo district and consisted of a gen
eral display of farm products attrac-
lively arranged. The same dispiav
Was Wa: awarded the pure-bred Holsteirr
FrleSian calf offered by ]. S. Hubert
Tor the best exhibit of farm products
by farmers organization, R Nj
White won first for the best indiyid-
ual exhibit OF products of field. garden
ana orchard, IN strong competition
The corn show was one of tho
most interesting and instructive fea-
lures of the fair. both from the Stanj-
POINT pom OF quality and quantity. w. l.
WinSiow, Greenleaf, by small mar
gam beat Z. c. Tobias. Caldwell, on
two ears of white dent corn, Raw
Johnson, a club boy, winning third
Some one from Fargo took first on
'eh ears OF yellow dent. c. c. Tobias
second and Mr.. ]. M. Nicholas, of
Nampa, third.
The best of the exhibits have been
reserved to send to the San Francisco
exposition. Samples of threshed
gram, grass seeds, etc, may be sent
to the State Seed Show at Twin Falls
In December, from where winning or
orthy exhibits will be sent on to
he big show at San Francisco at the
state expense.
H. A. IRELAND,
Canyon County Agriculturist, U S.
D. A. Cooperating.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
X X 4 X X X X X * X X x X X 4 X
CENTRAL COVE. a
y X X X X K 4 IL II II \ 4

The Misses Esther Iloskins OF Sun
ny Slope and Cleo Council called at
the home of Miss Mabel Monroe last
Wednesday evening.
Mr.. Trostle is hauling corn-foddcr
for Mr.. Meredith
MIR, Bayless is putting up his fourth
cutting Of alfalfa hay.
MIR Stone is building a house on
his land west of Mr.. Mercdiths.
Mrs. Stewart was shopping III
Homedale Wednesday morning.
Mrs. Trostle was shopping in
Homedale Wednesday afternoon.
Mrs. Hillycar and children visited
Mrs. Sinner Wright of Roswell Satur-
day and Sunday.
MIR Frank Ford, Frank and Russell
Meredith and Arthur Hillyear went
to the fair last Friday.
Mr., and Mrs. II. w. Stewart we're
in Caldwell Monday
The Sunny Slope fair or harvest
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
THEY ARE COMING BACK

Grace NJ. Russelrs merry Minstrel
Maids" that classy show of pretty
girls which appeared in this city Feb
ruary, will return this Friday, Oct. 9,
tor two day engagement at the Bun
galow Theatre, presenting an entirely
new show. The company returns here
fresh from a triumphant tour of Can
ada. Several new faces will be seen
with the company among whom ATE
the Lawrence Sisters, English novelty
dancers; Josephine Saunders, end
comedienne and lyric soprano; "Mur-
lep', Gypsy violinist and Dolores
Francis, the Cloud City girl. The
settings and costumes are all new,
adding materially to the richness of
the entertainment and it is said that
the show is bigger and better than
ever.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09

Boar ,pig-D. L, Young, first, sec
ond and third.
Sow and five pigs-D. L. Young
hrSt and second
Boar and five of his get-D. L,
Goung, first.
Pair pigs linden six months-D. l..
Dung, frst, second and third.
Champion board. L. Young, LIST
Champion Sow-D. l.. Young, first,
Best herd. boar and three sows-O
l.. Young, first.
Specials.
Best pen, three fat barrows under
500 pounds-T. NJ. Nichol, Caldwell.
first.
Best barrow over 800 pounds. NJ.
Royston, first.
Best barrow under 800 pounds-OI-
lie Burns, Greenleaf, first; T. NJ. Mic
hol, second.
Best five barrowS fed digester tank
age, for more than 80 days-T. NJ.
Nichol, first.
Butter and Cheese-Winners.
Farm butter, one pound prints
Mrs. J F. RiSkimeier, Nampa, first
Mrs. G. L. Dean, Greenleaf, second.
Creamery butter - Hazelwood
Creamery company. Caldwell, first
no second.
Cheese, factory-Parma factory.
first, no second.
Cheese, homemade. H. Lybolt
Caldwell first; Mrs. Richard Bolts.
Caldwell, second
Best individual exhibit-Mrs. C. +.
Anderson, Caldwell.
Best company eXhibit-Hazelwoo
Creamery company. Caldwell, first.
Amy Kelly was the judge Of butter
and cheese.
Sheep-Winners
Middle woods, aged buck-Jamcs
Baker, Caldwell, first; Herman Weick
Nampa, second; William Weick, Cald-
we'll, third.
Aged ewe-JaHnes Baker, first; Her
man Weick, second; William Weick
third and fourth.
Yearling ewe-James Baker, first,
Four eve lambs-James Baker, lst;
Herman Weick, second; William
Weick, third.
Four buck lambs-James Baker,
first.
Best exhibit-James Baker, first;
Herman Weick, second; William
w VIM
Goats.
Billy goat-M. S. McAdoo, Cald-
we'll, first and second.
Doe-M. S. McAdoo, first and sec
ond.
Doe and two kids-M. S. McAdoo.
first.
Wethers.
Three fat wethers--M. S. McAdoo,
first.
Persians.
Bucks-Conway Talbot, Notus,
first.
Ewes-Conway Talbot, first sec
ond and third.
Best display of soHnb honey-Rab-
bitt & Pippin, Caldwell. first. No
second.
Extracted honey-Elmer Sprague,
Caldwell. first. No second.
Five pounds beeswax-Joseph Ew-
ng, Caldwell first. No second.
Continued on page eighty
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
AWARDS
At COUNTY FAIR

The following list of awards and
premiums made at the Canyon Coun-
ty fair is as accurate and complete as
We could get up to the time of going
to press. 1t is substantially correct.
The reader must keep in mind the fact
that cataloging the premiums takes
considerable time and immediately
after the fair the officials are very
busy. In the past the premium list
was published from two to three
weeks after the fair We wished to
give our readers this list at the earl
lest possible date and thought that
it would be more satisfactory to them
to have the list now rather than A
week later even though it might con
tain one or two errors.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09

festical, held at Sunny Slope school
house week before last, was decided
success and worthy of mention.
Mrs. c. w. Bolton visited her
mother, Mrs. L. B. Cowan of Home
dale a short time ago.
Mrs. Trueblood called at Mrs. Hill
years Thursday evening.
Mrs. Moffat and children of Glenn's
r,,u.,. NJ. ,r.>r,.,
of sunny S1onc were @" o Guests rt o a. 1"I Dr
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
X X &kkkhkk Rkkk X
X FAIRVIEW. X

Y Y v Y Y Y Y y Y Y = y Y = y y y
Homer Greer and family of the
Twin Falls country is visiting with
his parents here in Dixie, the John
Greers.
Mr.. Conklin and family and Mr..
Bethel and family visited in Caldwell
Sunday with Mrs. eastman.
Mrs. eastman left Sunday night
for her new home in Seattle.
Mrs. S. w. Vail is home from Cald-
we'll but not able to walk without aid
Mrs. Rebecca Bell has been quite
sick but is some better.
Mr.. Greers visited at Arrowroclt
Saturday.
The Noah Palmers were at Green
leaf Sunday.
Mrs. Conklin and daughter Bessie
spent Monday with Mrs. w. Dixon.
Mrs. Dixon has been sick the last
few days.
H. G. Moore, James Marsh, H. S.
Burnett and Earnest Franks went to
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09

the Snake river country Monday
for sage brush.
Grandma Mcintyre returned to her
home at Sunny Slope Wednesday of
last week.
Mr.. Greer is building an addition
to his house. Mr.. Ingraham is doing
the carpenter work.
Father Black will preach at the
school house Sunday morning There
was rather small crowd at Sunday
school last Sunday.
Clarence Vail has returned from his
trip to Washington.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
Statement of Ownership, Manage
ment, Etc.

OF the Caldwell Tribune, published
weekly at Caldwell, Idaho, required
by the Act of August "a, 1912. Ed,
tor, John L. Davis; Business Manager
Dan Banks; Publisher, Caldwell Pig
Co. Stockholders: ]. L. Davis, w. H.
Barnett, S. D. Taylor, Dan Banks.
Known bondholedrs, mortgages, and
other security holders, holding l per
cent of bonds, mortgages, or other
securities: w. H. Redway.
DAN BANKS, Bus. Mgr
Sworn and subscribed before me this
oath dav of September, 1914.
(SEAL) KATE MORROW,
Notary Public.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
GERMAN LUTHERAN SERVICES

There viii be divine German Luth-
eran services held in the Seventh Day
Adventist church at Caldwell, Idaho,
Sunday, October II, 1914 at 2:30 p. m.
Rev. H. F. Brietzlee, who was sent
here by the Oregon and Washington
mission board of the Lutheran church
to gather and serve the Lutherans
scattered throughout this community
ly the preaching of the gospel, will
conduct the services. All are cor
daily invited to attend
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1914-10-09
ADVERTISED LETTERS.

List of advertised letters at the
Caldwell postoffice for the week end
ing October 6, 1914. Due one cent
each:
Mrs. Garnet Bentler, Arthur Cas-
per, Mrs. Herb Evans, T. H. Evans,
Leon S. Golden (2), Manuel Guerrita-
gnitie, Mrs. May Mathews, Bert
Reese.