davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1914-08-16

Among the Belgian aviators are two
veterans Jean Olieslaegers and Henri
Crombez Oleslaegers, who was one of
the principal pupils of Bleriot, has par
ticipated in many aviation contests in
Europe and has held several world rec
ords. On July II. 1911. he flew for Z
hours IS minutes 26 seconds without
stopping, which was an extraordinary
record then.
Crombez is the speed champion OF
Belgium. In the international aviation
race last year ne flew 1875 miles in /
hour minutes 81 seconds. In a mill
tary demonstration on May I6, 1914,
Crombez who is now in military SER
vice flew from Taintignes to the aero
drome Of Brasschaet, over 10 miles, in
] hour 10 minutes.
IL any Zeppelins happen TO be about
where Crombez and his speedy craft
are there will surely follow an aerial
mixup.
The German aerial forces along the
French and Belgian frontiers are very
strong too particularly in dirlgibes.
The places OF tactical importance.
Wesel, Cologne. Coblenz, Bitsch, Metz,
Strassburg, Colmar and Basel have the
largest aerial dreadnoughts and tho
largest squadrons OF aeroplanes. At
Metz there were the dirigibles Z-3 and
P-2; at Strassburg the "a and the
Pa; but one Of the two Zeppelins mel
with an accident and the other has been
transferred In the past month. They
have probably been replaced by later
types, possibly the rs and Z-7, which
are close to 500 feet long each and are
The sun., 1914-08-16

impatient the military students took
their own caps and went around.
AT the time, according to the official
| reports of March 5. 1912. France had
2OS aeroplanes and 10 dirigibles in com
mission. Following the meeting a ma
tional public subscription brought
b'll4,s4S francs. with which the COM
mlttee in charge bought 70 aeroplanes
in 1912, 81 in 1918, 80 in 1914. Twenty
more aeroplanes were presented directly
to the state. making 2Os aeroplanes tnat
were secured through the public sub
| scription alone.
Public subscription money also maid
Tor establishing 62 landing stations FOR
aeropIanes and for giving 10 pilots a
course or training. In March. 1912. the
Chamoers approved a measure to reor-
game the aeronautical section which
was signed by President Falleres. and
thereafter military aeronautics I'm
france progressed by bounds. BY the
spring or 1914 the French army DOS
sessed l2Oo aeroplanes and 2s dirigi
oles' and most efficient equipment. The
~ dirlgibles acquired in the mast
Twelve months, for instance. are all NJ
Ioo'o 600 cubic feet in capacity. about 400
feet long, and each is driven by sells
OF motors giving between 500 and | 600
horse power
England ala not make a serious move
10 organize an aeronautical CORPS until
1918. Before that experiments were
conducted with aeroplanes and one large
ulrlslple constructed in the Government
workshops. As the aeroplaneS did not
give the results expected and The dirigi-
Die collapsed at the first trial, the au-
thorities decided to continue experi-
ments instead OF organizing air fleets
with aeroplanes and dirigibles built
elsewhere. Then came the scare.
Al the end OF october. 1912 a sensa-
ton was created by the assertion of
inhabitants OF Sheerness who said that
on the night OF October II they saw n
large dirigibe in the air over the English
coast. At first 1t was taken as a Joke.
hut when 1t was found that on that
date the new Zeppelin L-1 was out on
a thirty-one hour cruise and that its
itinerary had never been made public.
alarm was felt, and the subject was dis
cussed in the House OF Commons and
the Government was asked to get an
explanation from the German Govern
ment.
subsequently more reports OF atr-
ships navigating over different points
OF the British coast at night stirred
the British nation, and while these con-
dltions existed the German Reichstag
passed the plan to spend s37.500, 900
on military aeronautics-s12.5O 500 600
through the navy and $25, 900 900
through the army.
The scare that followed was impress
The sun., 1914-08-16

eight miles an hour is an excellent
scout, for night work especially.
The German dirlgible pilots know
every inch of the French frontier as
well as the French pilots know the Ger
man frontier. Fer two year, drigibles
and aeroplanes OF both countries have
been making night excursions, and be-
fore that the German dirigibles made
their observations alone. The follow
Ing incident made France establish
night air patrols:
ON the night of October 10, 1912. the
French military drigible Adjutant
Nincenot, which recently made a record
Of over thirty-five hours cruising with
out stopping and was then stationed at
the military camp OF Toul, while making
reconnaissance along the German
frontier met German military Zeppelin
diriglble, stationed at Metz. which was
also recommending along the German
frontier. This was the first time that
The sun., 1914-08-16
NAPOLEON'S MAXIMS.

The following are some ~ Napol ou's
Napoleon" in the Home University ID
brary, published by Henry Holt & Co.
Unity Of command is first norrs-
sity of war"
Love is the occupation OF the dls
man. the distraction of the warrior ~.
stumbling block of the sovereign"
The first quality of commardpS
in chief is a cool head.-
He lies too much. one may very
well lie sometimes, but always is too
much"
"A great captain ought to say IN
himself several times a day: II tha
enemy appear on my front, my right
or my left, what should I do? II b.
finds himself embarrassed. he is "
posted"
When a king is said to be a kind
man. the reign IL a failure"
Heart How the devil do you know
crossed by big vein in which me
blood goes quicker when you run
THE heart OF a statesman should W
in his head"
High tragedy is the school Of great
men. 1t Is the duty Of sovereiGns 70
encourage and spread 1t. TrageU
warns the soul, raises the heart. eau
and ought to create heroes
Bleeding enters into the combine
tions OF political medicine"
"The vice OF our modern irs,l'n'
tons is that they have nothing wh'ca
appeals to the imaginations. Man can
only he governed through Imagination
Without Il he IL a brute"
Transcription is the eternal roo, OF
nation, purifying Ns morality aHa
framing all its habits"
II regard myself as probably no
most daring man in war who has over
existed"
Love or country is the first virtue
OF civilized man"
There are only two nations-Es"
and West"
The sun., 1914-08-16

fleet and make II supreme in aerial
armament
on February II. 1912, a meeting was
held in Paris which bids fair TO become
historical 1t was held under the aus
pices OF the Association Generate Aero
nautiuue, and its purpose was to start a
national movement to make France su-
preme in aerial matters Ii was attend
ed by the highest authorities civil and
military. The meeting was open to the
public. who poured in until the vast hall
was packed to its fullest capacity. The
following account by Frantz-Reichel
gives an idea of what happened:
Representative Gabriel Bonvalot was
speaking. With extended arms and
voice vibrating with patriot ic emotion
he made his appeal.
France needs the fourth arm" said
he. "and at once. The other side of the
Rhine Is preparing; 1t Is the Emperor
that has given the war cry. Let us
prepare against this: let us unite our
activities and efforts in a manifestation
which will make our country supreme
in aerial armament
II don't cry unto you, Help u.s.! I
cry unto you, Help YOURSELF We
must have aerodromes; we must have
hangers, aeroplanes and money. Let
us take stock and let each give accord
ing to his resources. Little or much,
gold or pennies, IL doesn't matter what
we want is the manifestation of your
love OF the country. Say. will you?"
The audience roared Yes" enthu-
slastically.
Thanks" said he. But he couldn't
continue. The congregation was in up
roar. and each person was busy taking
stock OF his resources.
The generals on the platform gave
their caps to the aviators, who went
down the aisles to collect contributions.
But there were not enough caps, and
the audience cried. More, more"
Women then took the military avia-
tors caps and went around to collect.
But again these were not enough. As
the crowd in the galleries was getting
The sun., 1914-08-16
Six Thousand Military Aeopanes andOne Military
Drigibes Are Distributed Among Armies--Speed of
Airmen Makes Army Strategy Impossible

against the enemy's aviators and diri-
gibles.
With a full equipment OF one motor
truck for each aeroplane, a repair shop
on wheels and a car for general use
the aeroplane squadron is made inde-
pendent and potent unit Of offence
and defence.
The principal use OF the aeroplanes.
II the campaign IL TO he short. will
therefore be to guide the armies and
navies in their operations. This much
is being done already In the German
Belgian campaign.
For three years there has been a
sharp contest for supremacy in the air.
This supremacy was Germany's for
many years through her Zeppelins.
and the other countries. while at times
envious of Germany's seeming monop-
oily OF the sky when Zeppelins gave
good demonstrations congratu ated
the nselves that they had not been
foolish in spending money in that d.
rection whenever Zeppelin met with
an accident. But when. after building
and losing six Zeppelins, Germany con-
tlnued to acquire them and the
Deutschland, Schwaben and Victoria
Luise each in turn showed greater
speed, carrying capacity and power OF
endurance. II was realized that notwith-
standing their limitations in certain
conditions airships capable OF carrying
eight tons Of supplies at a speed of
from fifty to sixty miles an hour for
thirty hours and travelling day and
night and by the most direct line had
tremendous military value.
France was first to enter the contest.
Gen Brun saw that he could not hope
to catch up with Germany in dirlEibles
and put every effort into developing
aeropanes. At first he was opposed.
but he won the Initial fight and when
he died the aviation corps was being
organized on a substantial basis.
The next Minister of War. NJ Mes
simy, was not interested in aeronautlcs
and curtsled the expansion Of the
corps in 1911. The French patriots OBJ
tected and when the military budget
was made public and it was found that
The sun., 1914-08-16

there Is large Astrs dirigible with
armored carriage, equipped with four
motors of $50 horse power each. To
Belfort has been sent the last Clement
Bayard dirigible, originally intended for
Maubeuge. which is 420 feet long, and
equipped with four 225 horse power
motors: at Toul there Is the latest Le-
baudy dirigible, which is equipped with
three motors Of $50 horsepower each
To Nerdun was to be sent the new
Zodiac being assembled at ST Cyr.
which Is also over 400 feet long, has two
armored carriages and four motors of
$50 horse power each.
All of these drlg bles are equipped
with machine guns can travel at night
are capable of "a speed Of between forty
Ave and hfty-ive miles an hour, and can
drop 400 pounds of explosives without
affecting their stability
The aviation equipment Is also of the
very best. Most Of the aeroplanes are
hich powered, armored and armed
with machine guns. The aviators are
the most experienced to he procured
and have been trained in reconnoi-
tring by day and night by actual service
as aerial patrols along the German from
tier.
Every aviation squadron OF six aero
planes has its squadron of transports.
consisting of six motor trucks for trans
porting the aeroplanes. parts and sup
plies; a motor repair shop for repair
ing aeropanes on the field, and a car
for general use
When the squadron is ordered to an
other centre aud this has been done
periodically in The past twelve months
for traininG-the aeroplanes fly over the
country ana the trucks with parts and
supplies follow with the repair shop.
Less attention has been given by the
French TO the Belgian frontier than to
the German, and the Belg!ans them
selves have not thought II necessary to
strengthen their fortificatons along the
German frontier. Germany, therefore.
though of dashng through Belgium
and striking France At the most vul-
nerablc point.
The successful defence by the Rel
Sians was no doubt made possible by
,hc yea! OF the air scouts of the aero
nautical centres OF Brasschaet. near
Antwerp, Klewt. Ans, near Liege. and
Namur, Each OF these centres has been
euuipping an avia ton squadron COM
posed Of six aeroplanes each.
Besides, Belgium possesses two diri-
gibles one small scout, the Zodiac 1870
feet long, equipped with a 80 horse
power motor, and one large cruiser. the
Be,Gique. 2i0 feet long, equipped with
100 horsepower motor. This last Ii
brand new. They have been stationed
at Wilritck Plains, near Antwerp.
In the Belgian aviation mannuvres
The sun., 1914-08-16
|oodhouse Author Of The Empire of the Air,
ellis of the War That Is Being Conducted
From the Air

Of France by the German armies The
air scouts found ca the frontier. from
'erdun to Relfort, an unbroken line of
forts and aeronautical centres. Verdun.
Toul. Nancy. Lunevllle. Epinal and Rel
fort being the most important tactical
points, have all been made aeronautical
centres, and air patrols have watched
the line day and night for two years.
These air patrols would see the ap-
preaching troops long before they came
close enough to attack and the attack
ing army would get warm reception.
The aeronautlcal equipment at those
points is OF the very best. At Epinal
The sun., 1914-08-16

which took place on May 30 and 81 and
June l and in which eight aeroplanes
they were efficiently equipped. The
equipment included a truck for each
aeroplane to carry spare parts and sup
plies. a motor repair shop for repairing
aeroplanes on the field, an automobile
for general use and a wireless apparatus
to use in connection with the two aero
planes which spotted the shots for the
artillery. The United States aviation
sauadrons have not yet such an eff
cient equipment, nor has there been
any provision for IL.
The sun., 1914-08-16

Tue ioiioWing extract from an editorial
or the British ReuieU Of ReUtcDs
1T Is too much to say that the situa-
ton is one to cause the gravest alarm
ana to call for immediate action. At
Heligoland. Kiel, Cuxhaven. Wilhelms.
maven. Dusseldorf, Frankfort and Co.
logne are housed German air warshirs
any one Of which is capable OF arriving
over this country within seven hours
without any warning. without any DOS.
sibility of interruption. and with ths
freest possible hand with regard TO M.
tential destruction.
1T IL interesting to know that vher..
as Germany has concentrated eight air.
ship stations in face of our new sir,.
tegic frontier. she has only though, i,
necessary to have one air camp ON tb.
Russian frontier, one near the Austrian
frontier. and three or four ON tho
French frontier. N Germany's naval
increase IL sufficient to change the on.
tire strategic plans OF the British Gov.
ernment. even although II is loudly pro.
claimed that the German fleet Is reallv
no serious menace to British naval
supremacy, II is time for this extraor.
binary concentration Of the German
aerial force. against which we can nj,
nothing, to receive the earnest attenton
OF British Ministers
III they any longer neglect thar
duty toward the nation. they viIl no ha-
traylng the future OF this country IN
the most cold blooded and unhardonabls
fashion In the past the mistakes -,
Ministers have been retrieved and ,b.
country has muddled through; but win
regard to possible attack from tho mir
there will be no possibility OF muidlI,,
through. and the disorganized ,,5
panic stricken survivors Of the popua.
tion OF London will have the sole A..
though sorry. satisfaction, before pass.
ing under German domina ion. ~ hang.
ing the guilty Ministers"
Then the British Navy League hod
an extraordinary meeting AT the Man.
sion House. London. al which the Lord
Mayor OF London presided. This meet.
ing was attended ny some of the high
est authorities and people Of Influence
OF the ana, including the DuE- "
Argyh. i-ord blyth, Lord Rarryn''"e,
I.oru bessporoush' Lorn hlnnaird he
r'a'I oi h'hno"iI' tne harl OF Leicester,
bord l'anlhRt"n' Lord Montagn V
ne'u''eu' >'s,ount Mluieton' Iord NJ
N''ouEn"E u" h-oNe
~ o. VI w., - 81 r'u""r 'ty'
O.. - r,u",.,"i N''aH'
A. ''' W. N'ney'
Az ro.,,,, -, 80.
isb cov.rnmen, nos aai,as e -. Wv I."
suhs,antioi oir a., ,rh,s s.
ing unanimousI,. hoc,,aa h,. .',t,,a w,
press. the Government took in,r,od,a,a
stems 10 form n subs,an,iaI aorons,,io.,
Russia was the most recen, en,ant
into tho con.est for .unro,,o,,,, 90, -
the one country whose air strenntr 4,
hard to estimate. In the mas, tvo v,1,,
French and German constructors r7,r.
hlled largo ordars ,ro,, pus.io o., go.
thirty io ION .oroniaras oa,h -
American and English con.,ruc,or.
after selling n dozen machines b.v.
been invited to establish factories +,
Russia to facilitate the coostruc,ior a,
aeroplanes In large numbers "a.
liable report gave the Russian army
466 aeroplanes and ten dirlpibles in ths
The sun., 1914-08-16
~ UE>RN wOODHOt sE.

OK thDVssnd military aeroplanes
HId 1uc hundred military dirigi-
~ hles. many of them armorcd and
Pocahontas star herald., 1914-07-10
Should Eeep SlIOS FILLED

"There are now more than a
thousand silos in Arkansas, there
being more than hundred IN both
Benton and Washington counties, "
says John II. Page, state agricul-
tural commissioner. "The long
continued dry weather has had a
serious effect on the corn crop, and
many farmers who have depended
upon their corn of early planting
to fill silos are going to be disap-
pointed. However, corn planted
the first week in July, if of an
early maturing variety, will make
in time to be used for silsge. Seed
of the 80 and 90 day variety should
be planted at this late date. Imma-
ture corn does not make as good
silage as the mature, yet it will
make good feed
Pocahontas star herald., 1914-07-10
DISTRICT CONFERENCE
AT MAMMOTH SPRING

The Paragould District Confer
ence met at Mammoth Spring Thurs
day and remained In session over
Sunday. Rev. NJ. NJ. Smith, pre-
siding elder Of the Paragould dis.
trict, presided over the conference
and received reports from the va
rious pastors m the district. Al
the opening session Thursday after.
noon Rev. w. F. Bleyins Of Poca-
hontas was elected secretary and
Rev. /. G. Bradsher of Black Rock
assistant. The conference was well
attended by ministers aud lay dele
gates, there being something like
one hundred out Of town visitors.
Those who had the pleasure Of at
tending from this section report u
very spiritual conference and most
excellent time, Mammoth Spring
covered herself with glory in enter
tanning the visitors.
Several important items of busi
ness were transacted by the confer.
ence at the business sessions. g..
w. Butler and w. L. Cooper were
granted license to preach. w. F..
Daniel, ]. j. Knots, J. c. Crowell
and DIR. J. c. Poindexter were
elected delegates to the Annual
Conference, and J. w. Lentz and
7. w. Rowden a'ternates. Corn.
ing was elected as the place where
the next conference will be held.
Pocahontas star herald., 1914-07-10
REPORT OF MRS. KlZER
ON THE GIRLS CLUB

To the Hon. Sam r. Brown,
County and Probate Judge Of Ran.
dolph county, Arkansas:
/ have to report for the months
of April, May and June, 1914 dur.
ing which time I have visited
number Of little girls Of the county
and have secured the hearty cooper
Grafton Of l2l of the little tots who
are making good headway with
their rttle plals of ground, some of
them have from to I5 different
varieties Of vegetables growing in
the garden, owing to the drouth
some Of the little girls are very
much disappointed but are keeping
up courage and keeping the garden
we'll cultivated aud a large per cent
OF them will make good this year.
We will have our little fair at
the court house Monday, Tuesday
aud Wednesday, October, l9-2O-9l.
! am pleased to state that Randolph
county stands second in the Tomato
Clan work in the state and
some Of the other counties have two
agents. have mailed out to each
OF the little girls that belong to the
Tomsto club a number of good
books on the garden work and !
find that a number of the mothers
are "a much interested IN the work
as the little girls and often 1 ind a
mother wanting another book for
her neighbor who cannot see me to
get it. | am trying to be able to
capture first prize this year at the
Arkansas State Fair at Hot Springs
and am pleased to state that we
stand an excellent chance this year.
As il will be remembered that one
Of our little girls won second last
wear and we are doubling our ef
forts TO be first this year.
Twill be able to offer 10000 IN
prizes to the little girls this fall and
will carry an exhibit TO the state
fair and after the fair | will turn
over to the Panama Exposition
Commission our exhibit to be taken
TO san francisco, Cal, for the ex'
position in 1915, if it meets the APP
proval Of Randolph county.
Pocahontas star herald., 1914-07-10
EARLE HODGES
HAS SOME APPETITE

Hon. Earle w. Hodges, Secre-
tary of State, spoke here Sunday
at Il:oO o'clock to large crowd,
the occasion being the anniversary
celebration Of the Ben Hur Lodge.
Mr.. Hodges Is a member of that or.
der and spoke on the subject Of
"Fraternalism." The lecture was
highly appreciated and he was a
witty, forceful and eloquent speak.
er. Mr.. Hodges shook hands with
many people and seemed to enjoy
the day, and also spoke highly Of
Success.
When the table, were spread and
set for an oldfashioned basket din.
ner. it was Brother Hodges that
returned thanks and at the earnest
invitations of those furnishing the
dinner everyone came forward and
partook of the bountiful dinner.
Mr.. Hodges made an excellent im-
preston among the people and we
can only hope that he will at some
other time be with as as it was
such an enjoyable time Sunday. -
S,,co.s H,r,egpop1aoi
Pocahontas star herald., 1914-07-10
The Tomato fruit Worm

~ 'NNs ~ DeNANAf A@aNNahNaNS ''NsI
The worm which bores into the
young tomato fruits is the same in
sect as the corn ear worm and the
cotton boil worm.
On the tomato the eggs are laid
on the leaves. The eggs hatch and
the young larvae or worms feed
first on the leaf and later on the
stems. Finally when the young
tomatoes begin to set they begin to
attack them. Unfortunately they
do not always eat up every tomato
which they attack.
Preventative measures: When
there ars plenty of fruits the larva
spends most of its life In them and
out of the reach of poison. The
use Of Paris Green, arsenate of lead
and other poisons cannot therefore
be relied upon to control the post.
Early in the season however, when
the worm is feeding upon the leaves
It can be poisoned with success.
Arsenate of lead used at the rate Of
2l lbs to so gallons of water, or If
ii is necessary TO spray tor plant
diseases the same amount may be
nsed IN the bordeaux mixture. CIR
cular No. 81 Of this station discuss
es the diseases of tomatoes. In
place of arsenate of lead one may
use Paris Green at the rate of about
1 ID to so gallons of water. When
using Paris Green an equal amount
of lime should be slaked and added
TO the solution before spraying on
the plants. Arsenate of lead pow
der or Paris Green may be busted
on the plants instead of spraying
but this is not as satisfactory as
spraying. Paris Green should be
diluted with equal parts of cheap
-four or air slaked lime before being
busted on.
Although poisoning may help IN
the control of this insect 1t cannot
be depended upon for reasons pre-
viously indicated. The fondness of
this insect for corn enables us to
use corn as trap crop. To every
five rows of tomatoes plant two
rows of sweet corn. The corn
should be planted at such time
that 1t will come into silk at the
time when the young tomatoes be.
come attractive TO the worms. If
the corn is attacked by the worms
when it is only knee high 1t can be
busted with arsenate of lead. When
the corn is at this height it is Of
ten attacked by this insect at which
time the insect is called "bud worm"
and just before the corn begins
to harden off 1t should be cut
and fed to stock. If this Is not done
the worms will have time to ma
ture, 90 into the ground and come
out as moths only to deposit eggs
for larger generation.
All wormy fruits should be picked
and removed from the field and
disposed Of IN such a way that the
worms will be killed. Experiments
in one of our southern experiment
stations show that this practice
alone may mean the difference OF