The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1914-01-23
LATEST ADDITION VA. S 32r Ax
TO ARCTIC NAP aS5 6s55 Ezs %sA

EAfSI remarkable series OF arc
tic expeditions came to
an end, after years OF fruitless search
for the long-lost Sir John Franklin
the feet commander, Sir Edward
Belcher, write THE Last OF the Arc
tic Voyages"
No one was more surprised than
Belcher when McClintock's search In
the Fox was initiated, and the final
record was made of Franklin's death
and of the discoveries of his ship
mates. And then followed that line
OF heroic American explorations
which opened up the wondrous wa
terways of the West Greenland coast
and thus unbarred the, hitherto closed
gates to the very pole.
In years just passed, when the stir
ring dispatch came announcing that
Perry had reached the north geo.
graphic pole, the acme of his ambi
tious struggles OF quarter of a cen
fury, the word went round that arc
tic exploration was at an end.
Even that virile and indomitable
descendant Of the Morse Vikings,
Road Amundsen, was deferred from
that arctic voyage on which he had
already started. Turning the prov OF
the Fran from Boring strait he sailed
southwark, and, scaling high antarc.
tic peaks with Norwegian ski and dog
drawn sledges, attempted the south
geographic pole.
When the year 1912 opened there
was noted a widespread recurrence OF
popular interest In arctic fields OF
research, SO that there we're no. less
than six expeditions initiated, ex.
GLIDING those Of Russia. The Dane,
Koch, and the Swiss, de QuarvaIn,
crossed the Greenland icecap at diff.
ferent points. The German Schroeder.
Strauz, found disaster and death in
North Spitzbergen. Meanwhile the
Canadian, Stefansson, planned to
reach the hypothetical continent long
forecast by Americans. The Ameri-
can. Mcmillan, sought definitely to
outline Croker Land The French
man. Prayer, re-explered that Franz
JOSEF Land which his father was first
to traverse. Amundsen now starts via
Boring strait to drift northwest
ward with the ice foes OF the Sibe-
rian ocean. These all represent what
may be called foreign and idealistic
exploration, as compared with the
Russian expeditions, which are do
nestle and economic.
Before describing the discoveries of
Lieutenant Wilkitzky, the Russian. It
VIII be well to set forth foreign In.
VISIONS into the Siberian ocean near.
est to Nicholas Second Land. First
In order Is the expedition of 1880,
commanded by De Long, which drift.
ed northwesterly from Bering strait
until the Jeanette was crushed by
the ice.
Nansen followed in the Fran, adopt
Ing De Longs plan. The drift of the
Fran was a practical continuation of
that of the Jeanette, though no land
was seen, and the ship passed into
deep water about $50 miles to the
north OF the new Siberian islands.
The most important addition to the
photography of the Siberian ocean,
time and means considered, was made
by Capt Edward II. Johanesen, In the
sailing schooner Nordland. Leaving
Cape. Mouritlus, Nova Zembia, he
found the ocean ice-free, so that he
crossed to Cape Taimur. near Cape
Chelyurskin. On August 16, 1878, he
discovered in II degrees AZ minutes
north latitude, Sc degrees east longl.
tude, an island named Eisamkeit
LONELY island). scarcely more than
100 miles to the west of Nicholas Sec
ond Land.
Most interesting were the expert.
0,ces of Byron A. e. Won Nordensk.
jold, the greatest, all phases of action
and of knowledge considered, OF arc.
tic explorers. In his unique voyage,
the circumnavigating or Asia, he
reached on August 10, 1878, the north
point OF Asia. Captain Chelyuskin,
which he determined to be in n de-
grees SO minutes north latitude 1903
degrees II minutes east longitude. As
he was the first known visitor to the
cape since its discovery by Chelyus-
kin by sledge journey In 1742, its
surroundings were carefully noted.
Nordensjold sent his supporting
steamer. the Lena, seward to dredge
She was stopped by heavy and very
close ice in about n degrees As min.
utes north, some rs miles south Of
Nicholas Second Land, to which she
made the nearest approach hitherto
on record.
The discovery Of Nicholas Second
Land is simply an incident in the eco
nomic development of the Russian EN-.
pire. The general public is unaware
of the astounding potential resources
of arctic Russia. Its areas extends
half way around the world-through
T.