davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
shERfE,s SALE.

Notice is hereby given, that by viz
tue of writ OF general execution, is
sued out of the clerks office OF the
district court OF the state of Iowa. in
and for Marshall county, and to me
directed, upon Judgment rendered in
district court of Marshall county. Iowa.
on the 18th day Of September. 1914. in
favor ot 3. z. Cummings and against
the A. E. Shorthill Company and c. r.
Speers, have levied upon the follow
ing described personal property, to-wit:
Contract for sale and purchase Of
certain real estate in the state OF Col
orado which contract is In the possess
sion of G. A. Mote. and which contract
is more particularly described as fol-
lows. ,o-wit: a certain contract dated
July 81, 1905, between the Union Pa
cifc Land Company as party of the
first part, and l.. II. Pearson. Walter
Canady and w. y. Gilbert as parties of
the second part wherein first party
agrees upon the performance of certain
conditions therein contained to convey
TO second parties all OF sections nine.
thirteen and fifteen, In township num-
Der twelve south Of range number for
weight, west OF the 9Th P. NJ. Chey-
enne county. Colorado. excepting and
reserving certain items set forth In
said contract. and which contract was
duly assigned by parties of the sec
ond part therein to Charles r. Speers
| on or about the 18th day of February.
1906. and the interest of said Charles
! r. Speers now being levied upon.
Taken as the property OF said G. X.
Speers. and that on the gath day OF
| November. A. D., 1914, at the hour OF
| o'clock p. m. of said day. al the front
door OF the court house. in the city OF
| Marshalltown, county and state afore-
said, / will proceed to sell said proper
! -. or SO much thereof as may De ne1-
essary to satisfy said execution,
amounting to seven thousand and SIX
~ and 1O-1o0 ts7.0s0.1o) dollars. debt
and cost of suit. taxed at one hundred
ten and 25-100 ts110.25) dollars. with
interest on said debt at the rate of 9
per cent from the date Of said judg-
| ment together with all accruing costs,
at public auction to the highest and
best bidder for cash in hand.
| Dated at Marshalltown. Iowa, this
9th day Of October, A. D.. 1914.
| j. G. EDGAR.
| Sheriff Of Marshall County.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
REPRESENTATIVE Cattle SAFES.
Below are quoted a few of the repre-
sentative cattle sales for today:
Stoekers and Feeders.

Chicago. Oct S0-Improvement in
the tone of the stocker and feeder
trade continued yesterday, dealers tax
ing over the small fresh crop at strong
prices with Wednesday. The strength
which the market has gained each day,
together with the advance Monday
puts price levels on generally % cents
higher levels than last weeks close,
with some Of the real good kinds catch
ing So cent advances.
4 good demand is coming from the
nearby states for the better classes,
While eastern call has opened up since
midweek. affording place for the in
between and ordinary light kinds SELL
ing mostly from s5.75G 6.25, which have
until recently been here in such guam
titles. Ohio and Illinois buyers were
here yesterday. as We'll as a few from
Michigan and Indiana The supply OF
real good kinds has been pretty well
picked over. until the assortment Of
and the prospects are good for the best
clearance in some weeks, If the present
demand continues TO the week end.
Revival of eastern demand is ac-
counted for by recent rains which
nave !leipcl some GlS-TlCls. aillo COM
ing TOO late to save pasturage in 9TH
ers. Virginia cattle. which have been
flooding the eastern markets. are COM
ing in smaller quantities. and eastern
call is once more spreading beyond
their own resources.
a slow call FOR stock and feeding
COWS and heifers. bu, with lighter re-
ceipts yesterdays market again went
up l0Il5 cents in sympathy with
butcher cattle a good deal of this
class OF stuff is from 35d 30 cents high
er than last weeks close. Stock calves
are scarce and in good demand at prices
s5d5o cents higher than & week ago.
Late Wednesday string OF the very
choicest Herefords. averaging s79
pounds sold at ss35 which price looks
fully so cents over last weeks levels.
Pest sci. $50 10 1850 los s7.e5d SO
Best sci. SOC to $50 lbs 80. 1854 81
Good TO CHI 800 to 1000 lbs. 7.1od1.6,
Fair 10 good. 500 to 500 lbs s,o01 100
Com. TO fair, 500 to 700 lbs. 5.25 500
Inferior to common hight - AIS G5.25
Good TO extra stock heifers. SIS n 6.S5
Good 10 choice stock COWS :. 500Is-3o
Fair to choice stock bulls. 5.4oGs.25
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
TIGHT SKIRT HELD HER FAST.
Girl Hit by Auto and Cured of Being
Too Fashionable"

A pretty girl, about 1s years old,
dressed in brown velvet suit. with a
skirt so narrow that she could not get
out of the way, and a black velvet hat,
was struck By an automobile in Cen
ter avenue, New Rochelle, this evening,
and thrown into the arms of a young
man who was with her. Neither was
hurt
The couple, who refused % tell their
names 70 a policeman. were crossing
the street. and did not see the auto.
which rounded corner from Hugue-
not street. The chauffeur footed his
horn and the couple tried 20 run, but
the girl could not move her feet more
than a few inches. The owner of the
car stepped down and apologized, but
the girl laughed, saying:
I'm not hurt. thank you; but you
have cured me Of being too fashion
able"-New York Times.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
U. S. MAY OPERATE MINES.
Government. Considering Mining 9
Colorado Coal to Stop Troubles.

Washington, Oct. SGT is possible
mat within q few days President VIII
son will order the taking over and
operation OF the Colorado coal mines
under government supervision until
the mine owners and their operative
reach an agreement 20 end the strike.
This drastic step 1t Is understood.
was considered By he president and
Attorney General Gregory at long
conference today Neither confirmation
nor denial OF the report is TO be had.
The conference was for the purpose
Of determining questions concerning
the presidents constitutional power.
Precedeuts and legal authority pre-
pared for former President Roosevelt
in similar crisis in Pennsylvania were
reviewed.
1t is the intention Of the President
to prevent bloodshed in the Colorado
mining fields, II is his purpose also 10
Withdraw federal troops soon.
! Mother Jones and James Lord, the
latter head of the mining division OF
| the Federation OF Labor, told the presi-
| dent yesterday that the withdrawal Of
RADIO state troops would De followed by
& D4pOCsItU.
/ They said the Colorado militia sym
I pathized with the operators, many OF
/ the officers being in the employ of The
+ coal companies. The president vas i'm
/ pressed He does not want a recur-
renee of an earlier outrage in the strike
the shooting down and burning in
nocent women and children. This
crime was charged 20 the Colorado
| militia
The president ard his advisors are
disappointed over the refusal Of John
D. Rockefeller and the other coal oper-
ators to accept the suggestions of the
president for truce agreement
! Friends of the president say an ar5i-
/ .rary step 20 put down lawlessness IN
the Colorado coal fields would De the
! most effective way 10 bring the defiant
| Mr.. Rockefeller to terms.
! Il Is pointed out 10 the president
/ that Mr.. Rockefeller and his colleagues
the coal operators, have failed to accept
/ suggestions 10 settle the labor diff
culties made by the house of repre-
sentat!ves, by the government officta
| mediating bodies and finally by the
president himself. They argue thai
( continuation of the strike is interfering
with interstate commerce and the
transmission OF the mails, and that the
president has supreme power to act il
| the situation by either closing the
mines or by operating them under fed
eral control.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
APPROVES DAY LABOR SYSTEM.
Less Friction and Less Litigation Than
Under Contract Plan.

Milwaukee. Wis, Oct 29.-"For the
average road job it is cheaper to do
the work under the day labor system
than under the contract system" said
]. p. Hirst. chief engineer of the Wis
consin highway commission. in adj
dressing today's session of the North
western Road Congress on the subject
Of Day Labor versus the Contract
System of Road Building"
Better results are obtained with
much less friction and less chance. of
litigation" he said. THE average
county in Wisconsin can and is build
ing It's roads for less than they could
be contracted and for less than the
contract prices have been in other
states for similar work under similar
conditions"
John, E. Brindlex. professor Of econ
omics. Ames, Iowa. was among others
who spoke.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
New York Produce.

New York, Oct 30
Butter-very firm; receipts. 4,s15
tubs; creamery, 81; creamery extras,
33h.
Cheese-Quiet; receipts, 1878 boxes;
state whole milk specials. colored. 15a
15A; average fancy. 14a G14&.
Eggs-Unchanged receipts. 1929
cases: nearby hennery white. 52G 50;
nearby hennery, brown, fancy, 36Q3s.
Poultry - Alive. steady. western
chickens, 12z ala; fowls, 12113h .
turkeys, 17I1S: dressed. dull and
weak; western chickens, 15Gis: fowls,
12k G1s; turkeys. frozen, 1922
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Notice to Steam Heating Contractors

Notice to Steam Heating Contractors.
The undersigned hereby give notice
that sealed proposals for the installa-
ton of a steam heating and ventilat-
ing system including all labor and ma
terial for heating and ventilating the
new school building being erected in
Lamoille Iowa, will be received by the
Independent Consolidated School Dis
trict of Iamoille. Marshall county.
Iowa. until the hour Of p. M, on
Saturday, Nov. IA, 1914. All bids must
be In strict accordance with the plans
and specifications prepared by III. e.
Reimer. architect, Marshalltown, Iowa,
and now on file in his office. where
they can be seen.
A certified check Of one hundred
dollars (s1o0) made payable to s. w.
Myers, secretary Of the school board.
must accompany each bid. The board
reserves the right to reject any and all
bids. 9. w Myers. secretary OF Board
Of Directors. Lamoille, Iowa
Oct. II, 1914
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Kansas City Cash Grain Close.

Furnished by TAYLOR & Patton. over
% East Main.l
Kansas City, Oct. 50.
Nheat-No, ? red. l.06iI2 a l.O7; No. 3
red, Les a 1Q5is: Ne REQ, LEI; Nc.
hard, 1860 LEI; No. hard, los a
1867; No. hard. 1o3T1.Q5.
Corn-No ?, ,la72. nominal: No. ?
white, .Ii3 az. nominal; No . yellow,
,3l. q74; No. white, 20 7oi2. nomi-
nal No. 3, IS; No. yellow. 72G -,
nominal.
oats-No. .. 4IleG42ls. nominal: No.
white. 47d i7ia, nominal No. 3. ala
49,; No. 8 white, 1919 a 46i2; No. 1,
SO 20.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
AGED ELooRA MAN DEAD.
s. A. Williamson Expirss Suddenly Q
Paralysis-Funsral Sunday.

ParAlyoio-Funora sunday.
Special to Times Republican.
Eldora, Oct. sos. A. Williamson.
aged IS years. died quite suddenly this
morning of paralysis. He had been in
poor health during the past two months
but his death was not expected at this
time. Mr.. Williamson was veteran
of the civil war and had been q resi-
dent Of the county many years.
Funeral services will be held Sunday
from the home. in charge Of Rev. w. E.
Stanley.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Grain Trade News Items.

tFrom Lamson-s wire, phone 1881
Primary receipts-Wheat 2,o9s,0oo;
corn $4,000: oats 100000.
Primary Shipments Wheat. 10000;
corn 2s2, 600: oats ls2i.o 600.
Clearances-whea and -four. 4os;
600: corn. none; oats 10000.
Northwest ars-Minneapolis, 1882;
Duluth. 352; Winnipeg. 800.
Chicago car lets-Wheat, 21e; corn,
rs; oats, e7s.
Estimated cars tou1orrow-Wheat
SIS; corn. ls5; oats, 2ss.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Peoria Cash Grain Close.
FURNISHED by Taylor * Patton, ov.
- East Main.l


% East Main.l
Peoria, Oct 80.
Corn-Receipts 80 cars; old i4G1
cent higher; new. cent lower; No.
yellow 72le; No 8. 70: No. yellow,
72l9 No. yellow -; No. yellow 70;
No. .. 7I-9: new. No white So nomin-
al; No. white s5la No. yellow 63,2 !;
No. /. 81: No. 5. e3ls.
Oats-Receipts cars; isG@ cent
higher; No. . white .71. standard ~;
sample AK;
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Chicago Produce,

chicago, oct 80.
Butter-Firn: creameries, 24a32.
Eggs - Unchanged; receipts, 4139
cases; current receipts. 1ST254: ordi-
nary frsts. 23@2413; frsts, ga 26; ex-
ira, 27l1 G2s1a.
Pouitry-Alive, lower; fowls, 1o611;
springs, 12l2.
Pork-Cash. 1913.
Lard-Cash, 1915.
Ribs-Cash. s.759 1915.
Rye-No. ., %.
Barley-s0G77.
T.mothy-3.75G5 .25.
Clover-11.o091 1900.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
chieaaa Har,e Market.

Chicago. Oct. 30.-Trade for COM
merciai horses is somewhat retarded
lately due TO inert business conditions
generally For weeks past local de-
mand for horses has been very small.
only few wagon and expressers hav-
ing any cali This season of the year.
as rule. is time when demand from
all sources picks up and horses make
good clearance. This year the rule did
not hold good. and for many weeks
i.trade was in a semi state.
Now. when receipts are becoming
more moderate. little better feeling is
beginning to show Qfor the choice
| horses. Heavyweight kinds that pos
sess quality are wanted. gu, the com
moner grades. which are plentiful. are
clearing very slowly. ATmy buyers
| have again taken place on the local
market and are taking class of horses
for use in the artillery. This grade is
one that is hard 10 pass inspection. and
not many OF the type are being sent
marketward al present. For riders and
heavier grades for logge-s buyers have
| paid sI00GI75 for some they have
taken for shipment
( Receipts for the week 70 date total
! close to 1000 head. against si2 for same
+ days last wees, ga a year ago and S57
I for corresponding period TWO years
ago.
Poor Choice
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30

Indictments were retlrned against
Lester SkinrEr md Floyd Bolts. two
young men accused of robbing farmer
near Hardin City. Two bills were re-
turned against James knight, one for
carrying concealed weapons and the
other for larceny.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
chicaao Potato Market

Chicago, oct. 80.
Observation-Disclosures Michigan and
Wisconsin, 30 As: Minnesota and Da-
kota, 4SG51: receipts ninety cars.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Daily Grain Letters.

from Lamson Bros. & Co.. 203 Ma
sonic Temple. Phone 1881
Chicago, Oct. 30-Wheat = Turkeys
formal entry into the European war
brought higher bids for wheat for ex-
port and heavy buying Of futures by
cash interests and shorts. Prices quick
" advanced 2 cents per bushel. and
held the advance we'll thruout the en-
tire session. closing rs cents higher.
Corn-Yestefday's sales of corn for
export and further inquiry today from
export sources resulted IN a further
upturn Of ss@A cent. Advance over
night bids for old No. 8 yellow corn re-
suited in only moderate sales and it is
probable that moTs yellow corn was
sold for export than the total pur
chases on the bids. Arrivals were
quickly absorbed at prices ranging
from u to y cent above yesterdays
figures.
Oats-Prac tically all OF the advance
in oats came early in the day and
thereafter trade was moderate and
fluctuations small. The market held
well, however. against the opposition
of local bears and, at the close, prices
were q to II cent higher.
Provis!ons-Agai there was better
demand for. provisions and stock yards
traders were credited with being the
best buyers.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Range Of Chicago Grain Prices.

chicago, Oct. %.
Wheat-December opened at liz
highest. 1853: lowest, 1.1zia; closed,
lis: May opened at 1904; closed,
1.217s.
Corn = December opened at $50;
highest. s9k; lowest, $50; closed,
$50; May opened at IL; closed. II 3 :.
Oats-December opened al 1915
highest. 1913; lowest 1914; closed,
zsss; May opened at seq; closed. 527s.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Chicago Grain Close.

Chicago, Oct. 80.
wheat-No. 2 red, i.l3al.15; No. .
hard. 1.l31115.
corn-No. yellow. 7414 975R; No.
3 yellow, 744 ais.
oats-No. white, 4794sA; stand
ard, ASH q 49A.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
hard. l.1l@l.llh; No. 3 hard. l.csM q

hard. l.11@l.11ts; No. hard. i.osh a
1.10a.
Corn-No. 2. "a: No. white. 1874 q
76ls; No. 2 yellow, 74G74h: No. 5
white, 15ha; No. white. rs: No. 3.
1914: No. 8 yellow. "A; No. 4 yellow,
1S1a; No. 4, 1874: No. 5. 90; No. )
white. 7S1a; No. s white, 10.
Oats-No. ?, asa 46la; No. ? white,
4Sla a AZ; No 8. 45a+51s: No. white,
i7aiS; No. white, 1914; standard,
4SA.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
will Reopen Metal Exchange.

New York, Oct. 30.-The board OF
managers of the New York metal ex-
change voted today to reopen the ex-
change for trading in tin, on Nov. 3.
the date of the reopening Of the London
metal exchange.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
AAoRrs BECOME FLURRlED AT
NEW PHASE OF SITUATION
AND RUSH TO COVER.
HOLDERS TAKE PROFITS
AND REDUCE GAIN SOMEWHAT
eern Aseends With Wheat and Because
Of seantiness Of Country Responses
70 eIds-shorts Cover in Oats as
Well a. In Other cereals-Previsions
Influenced by BuIiish Action Of Grain.

Chicago. Oct. so-Wheat shorts De-
came fiurried over the entry OF turkey
into the war and because OF the con-
seouent scarcity Of speculative oilers.
However, there was some profit taking
nv holders when the market showed
an advance Of 2la cents. On the otner
hand indications Of big export ousi-
ness today helped sustain the prices.
The opening ranged from Is to ~
cents above last night and quotations
steadied within 2h cents of the top
prices reached at the outset
Prospect of a big increase in the
United states visible supply total had
a restraining effect on the bulls, did
not prevent further hardening 81 the
market. The close was steady at IS
to 2ss and 212 cents advance.
Corn.
Corn assembled with wheat. Another
reason for the upturn was che scanti-
ness OF country responses 10 oios.
After opening * a L 70 S d q higher
the market scored a moderate further
gain.
The fact hat exports Of late have
been larger than at first stated, helped
sustain the advance. The close was
steady, IS TO - and q net higher
Oats.
Shorts hurried to cover oats as well
as other grains. Longs who had profits
In sight were the only sellers.
Provisions.
Provisions reflected the bullish
sentiment as TO cereals. Trade, how
ever, was small.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Liverpool Grain.

LIVERPOOL, Oct. go.
wheat-Spot firm; No. Manitoba
% 41ad; No. Manitoba IS q: No. 3
Manitoba IS 11kd; hard winter ss
10hd.
Corn-spot easier; new American
mixed 7s Id.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Cash Grain Close.

81, Louis Cash Grain Close.
FURNISHED by Taylor & Patton, over
% East Main.l
st. Louis. Oct. 80.
wheat-No red, 1.10A G1.-11; No.
red, los9los; No. red. Los; No. 2
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30

Hardin County Grand Jury Indiets.
Special to imes-Republican.
Eldora, Oct. 30.-The grand jury
made a partial report of IL findings
today and adjourned until Wednesday.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Rance Of Prices.

Furnished by Taylor & Patton, grain
merchants, % East Main street. Phone
6S
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1914-10-30
Representative Hog Sales.

Below are quoted few OF the repre-
sentative hog sales for today:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-02-27
STEAMERS PERILOUS VOYAGE.
Panic-Stricken Mohammedan Sea-
men Pray for SuccOr While
Muscle Saves Steamer.

Philadelphia, Feb. 27.-Christian
muscle proved more effective thar
Mohammedan prayers when a furi-
Gus storm struck the German steam
er Ockenfels, off the Grand Banks
on February 16, and continued to
buffet the vessel until Febraury 90
When the steamer reached this port
yesterday the Moslem crew were
still huddled below decks, not yet re-
covered from their panic, while the
officers performed the greater part
of the work by navigating the vessel
1t was only through the almost SUI
perhuman efforts of the officers that
the Ockenfels was saved from de-
struction. When the storm broke
the Mohammedans fled below and
devoted their energies to praying
for the wind and waves to subside.
The Christians remained at their
posts, supplementing their appeals
for Divine aid with ceaseless labor.
The vessel left Narvik on Febru-
ary 7. with 700 tons of iron ore, in
command of Captain ven Asweger,
an experienced German shlpmaster
The crew numbered 73 men all told
The vessel was struck by a storm
of hurricane force on February 16
which lasted until February 20, and
covering the steamer with Ice anc
snow. The water froZe where 1t
struck. When the crew were calico
to duty none responded and the
officers had to work the ship them.
selves. Two icebergs were seen, one
Of which was 400 feet long and &c
feet high. They were sighted Feb
ruary 70 in latitude AZ, longitude
46.
In describing his battle with the
elements Captain Won Asweged sale
that at one time there were 400 tons
of ice and snow on the decks anc
rigging. A lifeboat was smashed
the stern steering gear was carried
away and iron ladders were broker
to pieces as if they had been made
of glass. The captain declares that
never before in his long sea exper'
ience had he heard of mutlny n
time of peril. The action of the Mo-
hammedan sailors will pc taken up
bv the German Consul.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1914-02-27
TWO AMERICAN PRISONERS.
Their Capture in Albania Due to Fac
tional Intrigue.

Viena, Feb. 27.-ConfiEr alton of
the capture in Albania of two Amer
:can citizens, believed to be of Alba
lian extraction. has been received by
the Austro-H Hungarian Foreign Of
flee. The dispatch does not give anF
definite information as to where they
were taken prisoners, but the a!
fair is attributed to intrigues be-
tween the various factions in Alba
MA.
At the request of the American en-
bassy here the Austro-Hungar!ar
Foreign minister has instructed the
Austrian consul at Elbassan to IN
vestigate the affair, and everything
possible is to be don't to assolst the
American embassy in its inquiries
The Vossichre Zietung yesterday
published special dispatch from Du'
razzo reporting that an American mis-.
sionary who was travelling through
the south of Elbassan, in Albania
has been captured by band OF brl'
gands According to one version ne
was killed
New York, Feb pa mission
station in Albania is maintained b!
the American Board of Commissioner
for Foreign Missions. Phineas B
Kennedy. their missionary. who va
formerly stationed at kotha, Alba
MIA. was recently in Durazzo. He ha:
been engaged in distributing relief Il
the vicinity of Elbassan among Alba
nian sufferers from the effects OF th'
Balkan wars.