The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-07
REFUSED IN NEW ATTACK ON LEFT

si<ed to seize It in 1897. although the
ostensiblc reason was retaliation for the
killing OF two German missionaries. -Four
months later In February, 1898, IL was
announced that the bay and province had
hecn leased from the Chinese for a period
OF ninety nine years.
The lease Is supposed to have been
made upon tho advice of Admiral Won Tir-
pitt, now tho Minister Of Marine who be-
came aware Of its immense value when
he was In command " a German squad
ron In tho station. The wisdom OF the
step has been amply demonstrated by the
remarkable progress Germany has made
IN securing n prominent place In the COM
mercidl interests W the Orient.
The refusal OF the Kaiser to accede to
the japanese demand that the concession
he surrendered was inevitable. II was
realized from the first that the Germans
would hold on to the district until the
last possible moment and would give II up
only after a good fight
Tho territory Is generally known ms the
rrotortord'c ~ EIJn-chow. although as
p matter OF fact the old Chinese city Of
that name is not Included In IT, Part OF
the shorr and tho waters were officially
chrlstcnod So. Realty it Is the province
OF Using tao.
II was az the ending Of the Japanese
chinese war Of SGT that European Powers
began to cast ,u,.pus eyes upon ktan-
chow and To- realize that In their interests
Japan must NOT h" allowed 20 make "a
dependency of the rre1 country. There
fore RurS.t. titrulIN and France inter-
vcncd. saved China from her enemy and
ms the price Of their act decided to take
some territory for thems'lN. g. Germany
had already picked kiIo-Cnow when tn"
incident o. the m.ssiouH~.cs occurred and
gave her ample reason FOR not hesitAtns
about her project.
Al O.. b. ~ FOL
tao has served as Grrmauy'- naval and
military hlse In the Far East. and has
been REGARDED e.. ono OF the most priced
81 her possess Ions. Indeed. In" fact of
the lease did not prevent German. from
regarding the city which they built up as
their own and from exercising from there
a commanding influence In the country
Tor a great distance about.
The German naval base Is situated on
the northern shore Of the bay Of Ello-
chow. which. in addition to being the only
good h,tghor lon that part OF China, pos
ees-c> many natural features valuable
from a defensive point Of view, The en-
trance 20 the bay is about two miles
wide and j. eucirCicd 10y elevated ground,
rising to height Of about sixty feet.
Sitcs were chosen for fertilization. and II
has been und-rstoo that a variety of
defensive works had been completed and
armed, although time MAS not allowed FOR
the complete fultlment of the plans OF
the German General stan. which devised
the general scheme
Strong, admittedly from the sea side.
the city yet was regarded for "A long time
as vulnerable from the land. Gen. Won
Bernhard not long ago urged that $780,
900, 600 be spent putting the city into a
state Of adequat" defence. The PENN
sula, which forms the northern side of the
bay, 10 defended on the land side. but AT
other points only open country interviewed
The strength Of the German garrison
has been variously estimated at from
5000 to 1000 scamen and marines, In
Guiding four companies OF so1Wcn gun
ners. similar number or marines. some
cavalry and field gunners and a COM
pany Of sappers The whole OF the de-
fences were under naval control and the
Governor was "A naval officer.
To the normal numbers OF the garrison
additions have surely been made from de-
tachments u German soldiers in other
parts OF China who were sent there at the
outbreak 81 hostll ties and from the num-
bers Of civilians capable OF military duty
who went there.
One important point in the surrender
OF the city Is that now the allied flee
will he free 10 scour the Pacific Ocear
for tho German commerce destroyers anC
heavier lighting ships. which have beer
doing such remarkable damage TO British
and other shipping and have. in add
ton, sunk a big British ship, the Coco
Hone, and put the cruiser Monmouth GU
Of comm sion. Tho Emdeu. Karlsruhe tn,
Scharnhorst, Gneisenau. Lelpslc Bremen
and others are the ships that will b'
hunted with tho greatest assduity. If th'
previous statements OF the British Ad
miralty can be taken Mt their face value
The woods on tho hills about the cit,
were planted under direction OF N,
forestry division Of the German Govern
ment. This work as well as the cul
ture Of fruits, plants and herbs, has mad
o great impression upon the indolent Oh.
nese OF the countryside, who have eVei
been stirred 20 imitation.
Tsng-tao now ranks NTH In importanc
among Chinese ports That IN what Ger
many did for g. The city Is connected b.
rail with Pekin. II has direct Communi
cation with Europe by tho Transsiherial
Railway over the ShantunG Railroad
which was built and controlled by Ger
mans. II runs from Tsing-tao to Isl
nanfu. the principal city OF the PROVING
OF Shantung.
At two points along tho Shantung Rail
road are large coal fields. exploited b
German capital, md there are ore deposit
near by which are being developed by tn
same Interests The manganese used I
making steel. which Germany needle
badly II 10 be had there in great guam
titles and the iron works at Tsang-ta
twelve miles from Tsing-tao, have Ion
been an exceedingly profitable investment
Tsing-tau In about 200 square miles (!
area and has n population of about no.
600, mostly Chinese