Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1914-07-19
H9THROUGH The BRAZILIAN WILDERN

plete possession of what is now Paraguay,
controlling and Outstanding the Indians,
and raising their furnishing missions to a
pitch of prosperity they never elsewhere
achieved. They were expelled by the civil
authorities (backed by the other represent
atives of ecclesiastical authority some 50
years before Spanish South American be-
came independent. But they had already
made the language of the Indians, Guarany,
culture tongue, reducing it to writing and
printing religious books in it.
Guarany is one of the most widespread Of
the Indian tongues, being originally found
In various closely allied forms not only in
Paraguay, but in Uruguay and over the
major part of Brazil 1t remains here and
there, as lingua geral at least, and doubt
less in cases as original tongue, among
the wild tribes; in most Of Brazil, as around
Para and around Sac Pauo, it has left its
traces in place-names, but has been com
pletely superseded as language by Portu-
guese; but in Paraguay it still exists side by
side with Spanish as the commonest Ian
guage of the lower people and as ! familiar
tongue among the upper classes.
The blood of the people is mixed; their
language dual; the lower classes are chiefly
of Indian blood, but with a white admix-
ture; while the upper classes are predomi-
nantly white, with a strong infusion of In
dian
Without Parallel.
There is no other case quite parallel to
this in the annals of European colonization,
although the Goanese in India have a native
tongue and Portuguese creed, while in
several of the Spanish-Amercan states the
Indian blood is dominant and the majority
of the population speak an Indian tongue,
perhaps itself, as with the Ouichuas, once a
culture tongue of the archaic type. Wheth-
or in Paraguay one tongue will ultimately
drive out the other, and if so which will be
the victor, it is yet too early to prophesy
The English missionaries and the Bible
society have recently published parts of the
Scriptures i'll Guarany; and in Asuncion
daily paper is published with the text in
parallel columns, Spanish and Guarany-
just as in Oklahoma there is similar paper
published in English and in the tongue
which the extraordinary Cherokee chief
Sequoia, veritable Cadmus, made liter
airy language.
The Guarany- speaking Paraguayan is
Christian, and as much an inhertor of our
common culture as most of the peasant
populations of Europe. He has no linship
with the wild Indian, who hates and fears
him.
The Indian of the Chaco, pure savage.
bow~bearng savage, will never come east
Of the Paraguay, and the Paraguayan is
only beginning to venture into the western
interior away from the banks of the river
under the lead of pioneer settlers like Rick
ard, whom, by the way, the wild Indians
thoroughly trust. and for whom they work
eagerly and faithfully
There is great development ahead for
Paraguay, as soon as they can definitely
shake off the revolutionary habit and estab-
fish an orderly permanence of government
The people are fine people the strains of
blood-white and Indian-are good
In the next article Colonel Roosevelt viii tell how
hi and his party reached the Brazilian boundary
where Colonel Rondon and several other members of
the Brazilian expedition Joined them