davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
PNEUMON|C PLAGUE
THE BLACK DEATH"
FEARED BY DOCTORS
Physicians Say Tremendous
Epidemic Of Plague Is
Liable to Break Out.

Paris, Oct. 5.--If field campaigning
continues throughout the winter in
Europe, medical men here are predict.
ing that disease IS rayages win be more
horrible than anything shot and shell
can do.
Many physicians are Of the opinion
that pestilence will wreak greater havoc
in very cold than in too warm weather,
since science has taught their profession
to combat summer epidemics with con.
siderable, success, while nothing can
enable them to Offset the effects Of the
exposure the troops will suffer as soon
as winter sets in
Cholera, it is agreed, will temporarily
disappepar, and there will be no danger
of bubonic plague while cold weather
lasts.
Meningitis, however, it is pointed out,
thrives under just such conditions as
must prevail IL field operations are not
to be suspended with the advent Of win.
ter. Typhoid and typhus will not be
checked by it. Pneumonia is to be OK.
pected. There may be small pox,
though the doctors think vaccination
will prevent this from becoming
serious.
Horror of Middle Ages
But the most alarmingly suggestion
Of all is one to the effect that a war
like the present one Is just the thing Ia
sow the seeds Of a tremendous out
break Of pneumonia plague-the "black
death" Of the middle ages.
] L. 4 l..
bubonic plague and is really violent
form Of pneumonia. For generation,
II was considered practically extinct
but in the past few years there hav,
been several eases in England, few IL
continental Europe and three or f0u
years ago Manchuria had violent out
break
At that time medical experts sug
gested that the human race prObabl,
became 80 saturated with this diseas,
In the middle ages as TO be practical,
proof against It, as result Of whicl
the disease itself virtually disappeared
These authorities inclined to the opin
ion that this immunity had worn OF
and that the world was ripe for anothc
outbreak.
30 Per Cent Die.
The Illness Is described as boginnin
with a slight cough, and, if recognize
and properly treated within few min
utes after the first symptom manifest
ITSELF II can be easily cured. Thes
few minutes being passed, however
death Is usually matter Of but fe,
hours.
During the Manchurian outbreak IN
mortality rate among those strcke
exceeded 90 per cent in some place
Whole towns were practically d,
populated
Approximately onc.third Of the pop,
! lation Of some countries Is said /
have died during the outbreak Ia III
! middle ages.
The disease is highly contagious,
communicated by the breath and thrive
In cold weather. Doctors declare col
ditions will be ideal for It II the trool
are kept In service throughout the con
Ing winter
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
JACK Gnssiyg DALLAS,
IS CHAnn1' n1'.'u BABY
Doris Lee Gordon Of Portland
Prize Girl Baby, Contest Is
Very Close

Jack Grant, son of Mr.. and Mrs. p. j.
Grant Of Dallas, was Saturday awarded
the grand championship of the state
and a gold medal for being the finest
baby entered in the eugenics contest at
the state fair.
Doris Lee Gordon, daughter Of L. j.
Gordon, attorney, 9SS Eleventh street,
Portland, won first prize for the girl
babies, scoring very close to Jack
Grant. In explanation Of the fact that
there was no perfect child this year, as
in the case of Jane Kanzler Of Portland
last year, it was stated that the judg-
ing and scoring was more accurate and
closer. One hundred and sixty were
examined this year, and last year there
were only half tnat number.
Late Saturday MultnOmah county
was awarded third beauty prize for its
agricultural and horticultural exhibit.
Competition was close for this award.
The following were the winners in
the contest this years
BOYS between and years-Jack
Grant, of Dallas, score 80, first; Thomas
Larkin Williams, son Of Mr.. and Mrs
| T. l.. Williams, Salem, 9S:5. secondi
Howard Kayanaugh Ragan, son Of Mr.
and Mrs. o. L. Ragan, Grants Pass
175, third.
Girls between 3 and 4 years-Mary
Elizabeth OFT, daughter Of Mr. anC
Mrs. Otto r. OFT, 1868 East Salmon
street, Portland, 81, first; Vernon Lu
ellie Kelley, Gresham, 9Gi second Ju
liet Appelgate, daughter of Mr.. ant
Mrs. c, G. Applegate, so Lane street
Portland, 96.5, third.
Between 2 and 8,
Boys between and 3 years--Mat
thew Schade Mochel, son Of Mr. ant
Mrs. l.. $, Mochel, Of Gervais, 9S,5
first; Arthur Charles Booschcn, son o
Mr. and Mrs, Arthur G. Boeschcn, o
Salem, 97.5, seeondi Jack Barnes Bald
ing, son of Mr.. and Mrs, John Balding
of Sherwood, 972, third.
Girls between . and years---Dori
Lee Gordon, daughter of Mr., and Mrs
l.. j. Gordon, 3Ss Eleventh street, Port
land 9S.7, first; Murel Victoria Cab
ricl daughter of Mr., and Mrs. W, W
Gabriel, S33 Colonial avenue, Portland
5S.5, second; Grace Feist, daughter o
Mr.. and Mrs o. X. Feist, Salem, thirC
Boys between ! and years-Ma
colin Hubert Davis, son Of Mr., an
Mrs. w. II Davis, Salem, 9S, first
William Gerard Gibson, son Of Mr., an
Mrs. V. l.. Gibson, Salem, 915, second
Frederick Jarrett Mcfarland, son Q
Mr. aud Mrs +. X, Mcfarland, Osweg,
072, third.
Girls between and years--Marth
Louise Kumler, daughter Of Mr. an
Mrs. b. r. Kumler, Salem, aS, first
Mia Nell Mason, daughter Of Mr. mn
Mrs. Clyde Mason, seaside, 97.5, secont
Francis Dorotny Ilaack, daughter {
Mr. aud Mrs Frank llnack, Of Mario
county, ", third.
Large city pri2c--rhomas Lark
Williams and Doris Lee Gordon.
Small city pri1e-Howard knyanauR
Ragau aud Vernon Lucille Kelley
Dr. Mary Madigan superintendent {
the eugencs department, said Suturda
night that she was greatly pleased wit
the success OF the show She declare
\ that interest had been aroused to sue
an extent that there would be no ncce
sity Of offering large prizes.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
NICE CORRUPTION FUND.

Washington, Oct 5,--spcaking be-.
fore the senate election committee to.
day, Representative Palmer charged
that the Pennsylvania Protective Union
has assessed pttsburg manufacturers
tlb0,OO0 alone TO be used TO secure the
election Of Senator Penrose, He pro.
duced letters showing the union had
been organized to promote penfosc' 4
candidacy.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
uossaeks Advancing

London, Oct, 5.--liaving secured the
Russian positions In the Corpothian
mountain passes. Cosaack1 are now pen.
airating southwark well into Hungary,
according TO a Rome dispatch receives
today by the Star,
rhe invasion was referred 10 as de.
hgned 10 guard against Hungarian
attack on the flank Of the Russian
armies operating In oaltib.
The town Of Hes1ume1o, In north.
eastern Hungary, wna said n have been
occupied by the ctor's forcea. aud nj
Ssinet In the same nelphborhood. The
railroad was GU, itolatng that part Of
hungary from Galicin.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05

Antwerp, Oct j-"Thc BIluntiOn
here Is excellent announced the war
office today "Evefy single fort Ia In
action, We can hold out indefinitely
Brand Whitlock, United States min.
lister to Belgium and the Netherlands,
who still remains In Brussels, was rc'
ported TO have urged the German com
mandef there 20 spare historic struc.
lures, and II was said the latter had
promised 10 comply, 40 long ar such
buildings were not used by the Bel
CLAUS for military purposes.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
JACK JOHNSON
FORFEITED HIS BOND

Chicago, Oct, 5,--lack johnson, the
negro pugilist, failed to appear today
for rctrial on white slavery charge
and United States Judge Carpenter dc.
clurcd his bond of $4,000 forfeited,
The federal district attorney here viii
institute suit against Mrs Tina John
son, the prize fighters mother, aud the
estate Of Mathew Baldwin, a profcs'
sionol bondsmOn, to recover the amount
Of his bonds,
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
There are times when every man IL
deep dyed villain in his thoughts.

Leo Hing, q chinese cook Of this
city, was arrested saturday night and
lodged In the county Jail on q chnrgo
of incest. llc was arfaigned In tho
hatice court this morning and tho case
continued until next Saturday. His
bond was fixed al 1900, which was put
IN, and he 10 now At liberty The ease
wns continued 10 give the witncaece for
tho nlate time 10 appear against him.
II Ia reported by Police Matron Lynce
that the principal witness against
him Ia q white girl who hvea IN this
city but Ia now In q maternity hospital
In Portland, where she "a the mother
of thrce.dnyaold baby. The fuct
thnt the baby haa almond eyes and a
tnwny skin Is rcspopsible for the arrest
Of Lee Hing on the above charge.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
APPEALS TO IRISH
TOSTAND BY ENGLAND

London, oct 5.--tohn Redmond, the
Irish parliamentary leader, was quoted
In the London papers otdny ne appeal
Ing powerfully, Mt meeting m WcN.
ford sunday night for irish rccruita to
fight the dcimnns,
ftAs lrishmen,n he said, ego on
fighting side By side, Catholics by Pro
teatanta and north Of ireland frishmcn
by south Of Ireland trishmen pray
Il may prove 10 be sign OF the unity
Of the Irish nation.
"uefmun domination would mean The
loss OF all the libertiep We have won. y
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05

LONDON, Oct B..-fniian troops
have been sent 10 help the British NC.
cupv uefmeny's East African posses.
aions. the war information bureau here
aia,ed this afternoon During Septem-
her, h was addci, the British repeated.
" repulscd invaaions from German East
Africa
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
The Weather

oregon To.
night and Tues
day fair except
cloudy probably
rain northwest
portloni cooler IA.
night Winds
mostly souihefly.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05
GERMANS BELIEVE
PORTUGAL IS READY
TO JOIN ALLIES
1t Is Reported Many British
Ships Are in Harbor
at Lisbon
WILL TRANSPORT
TROOPS TO FRANCE
Action Caused by Fear Of Los
ing Colonies If Germany
Should Win
BY Kari H. Won Wispand.

Berlin, by wireless via Sayvllle, Oct.
5.-Portugal was believed here today
to be preparing to lend active aid to
the allies.
A number OF British ships, it was
learned, have reached Lisbon and it
was believed their business was to
transport Portuguese troops to the battle
front in France.
The Portuguese government issued a
declaration early in the war, proclaim.
ing It's sympathy with the allies cause.
The kaiser promptly demanded an ex.
PLANTATION. The Portuguese never an.
swered, however, and in the pressure of
more urgent business the matter was
forgotten.
Portugal and Great Bgitain have long
been on friendly terms, but it was
thought here that interested motives
dictated its actual entrance into the
war; assuming, of course, the correct
ness Of the conjecture that it was about
TO do so.
Fears Loss of Provinces.
Though generally considered a nation
Of comparatively small Importance, Por
tugal is the second Of the world : col
onial powers aud II was coniectured
hero that the Lisbon government !.
fearful OF losing some Of these foreign
possessions ultimately in the event OF
German victory, while II has alway,
been Great Britain's policy to protect
toe smaller country in possession oI
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05

After a young man rings q girl q door
bell about 80 often rs up TO him to
ring her finger
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1914-10-05

II takes q woman 10 Jolly man into
q condition that will enable her to work
him.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
HUERTA'S MEXICO BANKRUPT,
DICTATOR ISSUED DECREE SUS-
PENDING PAYMENT OF IN
TEREST ON PUBLIC
DEBT.
The Decree is a Proclamation of Nat
ional Bankruptcy, the Hucrta Gov
cinmcnt Having Failed to Negotiate
Loans in EurOpe-COlIapsc of Die
tatOrship Expected Soon.

Mexico City, Jan. 13.-Dictator
Huerta today is ned a decree suspend
ing for one year the payment of in
terest on all government indebtedness.
foreign and domestic, including inter-
est on all bonds 1t is in effect a
proclamation Of national bankruptcy.
This action by Huerta is believed to
be the result Of the collapse of all ne
gotiations for foreign loans.
Another decree provides that any
person refusing to accept State bank
notes, recently declared legal tender,
will be arrested. The indication ia
that Huerta is almost at the end OF
his financial career. Foreigners be-
lieVe his fail is near.
Federals defeated Zapata Rebels al
Ozumba, State Of Mexico, today. A
hundred Rebels are reported killed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
AT WORK IN SENATE,
PattersOn's Eugcnics Bill Killed
Make Ii Harder 10 Secure Social
Club Charters.

Columbia, Jan. 14.-ln the senate
today DIR. Patterson's bill relating to
marriage licenses which in effect
would have required certificates of
health between paroles contracting
marriage laws indefinitely postponed
by Il vote of 22 TO Il. This measure was
only briefly discussed in the senate
before being killed. 1t was practical
ly II bill in line with the so much
talked of modern eugenics.
The Crouch bill making more strin-
gent the requirement TO secure char
ters for social clubs, lodges, and the
like from the Secretary of state office
was passed by the senate and order
ed sent TO the house This bill re-
quires SO qualified electors. where the
charter sought is for a city, and %
where residents Of Il rural commu-
nifty seek a charter, TO endorse the pc
tition before il can be granted by the
secretary of State
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
Consolidated Aug. 3, 1881.
CONGRESS At WORK.
DOWN TO LONG GRIND
AFTER RECESS IN REGULAR
SESSION.
Antitrust Legislation to Come up
First with Numerous Other Sub
jects to Work OH Later.

Washington, Jan. 2.-Congress
settled down to its long regular ses-
sion today, after a recess dating from
the passage of the currency reform
bill Just before Christmas. The COM
ing administration antitrust legisla-
tion programme looned up as the big
business of the winter; but with the
prospect OF waiting until next week
for the presidents message, both
houses turned actively to other mat
ters.
In the house return to work was
celebrated by prompt passage OF the
first of the annual supply measures,
the District of Columbia appropria-
tion bill, and the introduction Of the
usual opening day batch Of miscel-
laneous measures. The senate began
debate on the Alaskan government
railroad bill.
Antitrust experts in both houses
began n period Of extraordinary ac-
tivity to end when the antitrust pro-
gramme Is written into law before the
close OF the session. Actual commit
tee work will be delayed pending
President Wilson's address. A rough
draft of the address will be brought
&c Washington by the president and
later in the week Chairman Clayton
OF the house judiciary committee and
Chairman Newlands Of the senate
commerce committee probably will be
called into conference with the pres
ident and Attorney General Mercy
nolds.
Meantime Chairman Clayton and
Representatives Carlin and Floyd of
the house committee are reviewing
the long list of antitrust measures
already before the committee. 1t is
not probable that any of these bills
will be accepted as a part of the ad-
plasa-.s-hnt~.sll- the ideas
embodied in them will be considered.
Senator Newlands of the senate COM
mcrce committee expects to take up
the antitrust programme Friday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17

The prizes offered by the City Nat
ional Bank to the farmers of the
county raising the greatest amount of
cotton, corn, sweet potatoes and oats
and vetch on four CO of land were
announced Wednes by AIR. 7.
Frank Williams co demonstration
agent, who had su isiOn of the con-
test and who act s Judge.
Mr.. T. S. d. 9 ,e Of Oswego was
awarded the ze for raising the
greatest amor = Of corn On one acre,
the prize bel - 1900. He raised 1G5
bushels. ~ J. White of Concord
came aeco . raising 1913 Ia bushels
Of corn :, is prize acre and sccur-
ing the = nd prize of s25.
In II - otton growing contest Mr.
II. B. lser came first, raising the
greatest amount of seed cotton on his
acre. His cotton crop amounted to
2,O56 pounds OF seed cotton and he
was given a prize Of SIS. Mr.. T. G..
Josey came second With 1910 pounds
Of seed cotton to his acre and get
ting a prize Of $25.
In the sweet potato contest, Mr.. S.
j. White raised 426 bushels Of po-
tatoes on One-half an acre and was
awarded the prize of $50. There was
no second prize.
In the acre of oats and vetch Mr..
White again won the prize. $50. He
grew 1892 pounds of hay on his
acre Of land. There was no second
prize
There were twenty-one entries i'm
the City National Bank prize crop ro-
tation cor est, fifteen of whom stuck
oUt to the end and made reports on
their crops. Mr. Williams after q
careful consideration OF these reports
has announced the prizes.
The contest was given under the
auspices of Farm Demonstration
work Department OF the United
states government anl Clemson col
lege. The prizes amounting to $500
were given by the City National Bank
OF this city for the purpose OF en-
couraging rotation and diversifcation
OF crops and TO show its interest in
the betterment OF farm land in the
county.
The committee in charge OF the
rules OF contest consisted of Messrs.
]. frank Williams, local agent. pres
idcnt of the Sumter County Farmers
Union, and l.. l.. Baker district agent
of Farmers Demonstration Work, ap-
proved by the City National Bank
through its president, NJ. c. =. Lem
mon.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
"A BIG FIRE LOSS.
Plant OF Peoples Oil Company De-
strOycd at Johnston With $iO,-
900 Loss.

Johnston, Jan. 12.-Today at 10
o'clock the plant of the Peoples Cot
ton Oil company was destroyed by
hre. The cottonseed house and cot
ton gin were saved. The cause OF the
fire Is said to have been q hot box
All the machinery. several tons Of
meal and about 100000 gallons of oil
were also destroyed. the smoke from
the oil making it quite difficult to
save the other buildings. The loss is
estimated at between $4,000 and
$4,000, with about 5000 insurance.
The office and all books of the COM
pary were saved.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
WILL CONSIDER TAXES FIRST.
DIR. Geo. w. Dick, OF Ways and Means
Committee, Tells OF Coming Work
of Legislature.

Columbia State, Jan. IS.
DR.. George W. Dick. chairman of
the ways and means committee Of the
house. arrived i'm Columbia yesterday
from his home in Sumter and will at
tend the session of the house today.
II have held conferences with
members Of the house and senate"
said DR.. Dick, "for beginning early to
provide ways and means for curtail-
ing the immense budget that we un-
derstand is to be presented at this ses-
sion. We will use our utmost en-
dcavOr to hold the levy down to what
it has been during the past several
Years. / have been by invitation in
specting som" Of the new office build
ings erected in Columbia, at what
must have been an enormous expense.
with a view To obtain the most suit
able for those officers which are de-
barred from using our state house on
account of lack of space
DR.. Dick said that he was glad to
see that the state department of ag-
r:culture is now on Il self sustaining
basis. He said that the department
had turned back to the state more
money than was appropriated at the
last session
81 am pleased to note, also" said
DIR. Dick. that the insurance depart
ment through the efforts OF the eff
hciont commission, +. II. McNIaS-
ter. has turned into the state treasury
more than $4,000 this year"
DR.. Dick said that the value of the
property in the state for taxation had
been increased by nearly $4,000, 900
and that this increase will be IL great
help in framing the appropriation bill.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
JAPAN SORELY STRICKEN.
TEN MILLION PEOPLE STARVING
IN KIUSUIU.
Volcanic Eruption, Tidal Waves and
Earthquakes Following Crop Fail
urc Creates Most Appalling Prob
EN- Any Nation Has Faced in Mod
crn Times.

Toxic, Jan. 14-With the devasta-
ton of the southern part of the Is
land Of Kiushiu by a volcanic erup-
uOn, tidal waves, earthquake and
fire, following crop failure, northern
Japan, where ten million are starry
ing, the Japanese government is fac
ing the most appalling national prob
lem Of modern ages. News from the
earthquake stricken region indicate
that the death list will run into thou
sands. Hundreds were hurt in their
flight. many fatally.
The government may be forced to
appeal to the civilized world for fnan-
cial aid. 1t is estimated that twenty
five million will be needed 20 succor
the victims.
Accompanied by thunderous roar
the eruption of the volcano Sakura-
jima continued today and other vol
canoes are showing signs of activity.
kagoshima Bay is strewn with dead
bodies.
Clouds Of ashes, carried three hun
dred miles, are dropping on ships in
the harbor Of Osaka. Famine is ad-
ding terror to the widespread misery.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17

Georgia, which are also i'm the path
OF the wccvil, the loss i'm the produc-
uon during four Seasons following
the INVASION of the insects would range
from 100000 bales. based on the ox-
p"ricncc of the counties i'm Texas to
$4,000 and 800. 900 bales, based on
inc production in the selected coun-
Ties IN Mississippi and the parishes i'm
Louisiana respectively. The result
ing financial loss IN these countics
would be. therefore. from $4,000, 600
to $19,500.OOO.
south Carolina. The production Of
cotton during the last five years i'm
the ive most important cotton-grow-
ing counties i'm South Carolina was L.
47S.72S bales. value of approxi-
matelY N7,5OO.000. Should the boil
wecNh inrcSt these counties. with a
resulting loss i'm cotton production
Such aS occurred in the selected couu-
ties In Mississippi. the reduction iI
the crops during the four seasons fol-
lowing the dispersion of the insects
would he $4,000 bales. valued NJ
$4,000, 900.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
ESTABLISH AEROPL tNE BASE.
Air Graft Against Mexico in Case
Of War.

Washington, Jan. 14.-With the ar
rival of the battleship Mississippi at
Pensacola, reported today. the first
move Of "a world power towards the
establishment of an aerial base for Of
tcnsiVc operations in time of war was
completed. The United states have
had eleven aircraft within striking dis
tance of Mexico all winter. The bat
tleship Mississippi is better equipped
for acroplanc work than any other
warship in the navy. 1t will be held
at Pensacola ready for instant action.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
NEW DISPENSARY AUDITOR.
Gov. BlcaSc's Appointcc. Harvey w.
MitClium, Resigns and VI. IL. Mob
Icy .Annnintch i'm His PlacC.

Columbia, Jan. 1i.-Harvey. w.
Mitchum. who WAS appointed Dispcn-
sary Auditor by Governor Blease last
year today resigned his position. NJ
II. Mohlcy. who had formerly held the
position, was appointed by Governor
Bleasc in the place of Mr.. Mitchum
No reasons have yet been made pub
lie as TO the cause OF the resignation.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
VETERAN EDITOR RYING.
Col. &. II. PcndIcton, OF Macon Tclc.
graph, Nc;o Ills End.

Macon, Jan. 13.-Col. G. X. Pcndlc-
ton, editor and part owner of the Ma
con Telegraph is i'm n critical condition
in local hospital suffering from acute
Brights disease. Grave doubts as to
his recovery are entertained by at
tending physicians
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1914-01-17
LINER IN DIRE STRAITS.
t0hCIuid Thought to Bc Going TO
Pieces i'm Bay of EuuGy.

st. John, Jan. 14.-A thick fog pre-
wallis here today and the liner Cobc-
Guid is believed to be breaking to
pieces off the entrance to the Bay of
Fundy. The wreCkagc coming ashore
are believed to be pieces of the Cohc-
quid. II is feared that a hundred and
twenty passengers and sailors aboard
must perish.