davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
GROWING RUSSIAN CABBAGE
Conspicuous Because Il Requires TWO
Weeks Less Time TO Mature
Than Other Varieties.

Among the maturing varieties Of
cabbage the Volga, a comparatively
new sort in America, is conspicuous
because 1t requires about two weeks
less time than other varieties OF this
class to mature, says Farm and Fire.
side. Concerning it the late c. l.. AL
len, whose book on cabbage, cauli-
flower and allied plants is the &C.
knowledged authority, writes: This
new Russian variety is of the greatest
unifoTmity. In a field Of several acres
frequently not single plant shows
any variation from a true and valua-
Bile type. In some respects it is a
vegetable wonder, as the heads are
about equal in size and shape, weigh
ing from 70 to Is pounds each, round
as ball, the largest measuring about
IL inches in diameter either way. I'm.
like most varieties, the heads are per-
fectly solid, and the stem does not run
up into the head the flesh is exceed.
ingly firm, tender and white. In re-
spect to hardness, we have never seen
a type which would favorably COM
pare"
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
POTATO BUGS ON Elephants
Ordinary Wire Screening Placed over
Each Plant Is Most Effective
Means of Protection.

One vegetable that potato bugs lik,
better than potatoes Is the eggplant,
says Agriculturist. You may pick the
marauders twice a day. but even then
they often get the better OF the sue.
culent plants. An effective method Of
meeting the situation is to protect the
plants by covering. Cut ordinary
wire screen, such as is used for win.
dows, into the proper form to make
cones "a semi-oircle) and fasten to
gether by sewing with fine wire. Ap.
ply a coat Of thin paint for their pres.
ervation and set one over each plant.
The patch Of August Graf OF Ulster
county, N. Y, certainly showed well
the difference between protected and
unprotected plants. in spite Of dill.
gent efforts to save the latter. The
covered plants seemed also to be bene.
fitted by the slight shading during their
early growth.
The wire cones cost money. II is
true. Mr.. Graf invested s32 in the
material for 500 covers. However,
one or two good eggs from each plant
will cover the cost. The cones may
be used year after year This device
on first sight appears impractical. but
on actual test it has proved a money.
maker.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
GREEN MANURE CROPS
EXCELLENT PRACTISE, AS IT
ADDS NEW LIFE TO THE SOIL.
Organic Matter Is Gradually Convert
ed Into Humus, an Absolutely Es-
sontial Constituent Of the Soil
Secret Of Fertility.

tBy ". Fl. STEVENSON. Copyright. 1eil)
Any crops grown and plowed under
green to increase the productive ca
pacity Of the soil are called green ma.
nure crops, Sometimes such crops oc-
cupy the land for only part OF the
season They are then known as
cover" crops or catch" crops.
Green manuring Is an important
practise. chiefly because it adds or
ganic matter to the soil, which Is grad
ually converted into humus, an abso-
lutely essential constituent of the soil.
OF course humua may be secured by
applying barnyard manure. but as
rule there Is not enough Of this ma
terial to meet the needs Of the land.
However, green manuring Is not
enough in itself to keep a soil from
wearing out, so other practlses must
be followed. Crops must be grown in
rotation, the moisture content of the
soil regulated, proper tillage praotised,
the soil kept sweet the supply Of min.
eral plant food maintained, especially
the supply of phosphorus and potas.
stun, and the nitrogen content OF the
soil kept up. These factors all play
an important part in keeping the soil
productive, but they are not more inn
portant than green manuring.
In general, green manures are bene-
fcial when used on poor soils because
OF their action on the physical, chemi-
cal and meteorological conditions OF
the soil. From the physical side green
manures influence the moisture, tenn
perature and aeration OF soils. For ex-
ample, on light sandy soils they pre-
vent rapid drying out by reducing the
losses of moisture due to evaporation
and percolation, and further make the
soil more compact While they have
just the opposite effect on heavy clay
soils, here the organic matter opens up
tie soil and admits air.
The practise OF leaving the soil bare
during July and August following tho
harvest OF a small grain crop Is very
bad, as 1t causes the loss OF large
amounts Of nitrogen by percolation.
These losses may be prevented In q
large measure by growing green ma.
nure crops on the land; especially ia
this true OF leguminous crops, which
stimulate greater bacterial action, and
as a result larger amounts OF available
\ plant food are produced. Rye, wheat
buckwheat and rape are the non-legu
minous crops which are commonly
used for green manuring. while red
clover, mammoth clover. sweet clover,
crimson clover, Canada field peas. cow
peas, soy beans and vetches are the
best known legumes for this purpose.
The secret OF keeping our gardens
and fields fertile is TO pillow deep, and
II necessary subsoil, cultivate thor
oughiy and plant leguminous crops.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
VALUE OF PLoW AND HARROW
In Purchasing implements for the
Farm Their Construction Should
Be Carefully Studied.
oBy R G. wEArHERsroNnl


The value of a pillow or other farm
implement consists OF its doing the
thing we want it to do. The pillow
with a light draft simply turns and
cuts the furrow with the least resist
ance, resulting in very smooth work
to look upon, but its effect upon the
soil is not nearly SO valuable as thatof
the pillow that runs harder and gives
more resistance to the soil and breaks
it up finer. The pillow that has a
harder draft goes through the soil and
not only breaks it up and turns a fur
row, but in the process it grinds and
pulverizes ii into smaller particles.
The more thoroughly the soil is
broken up, the more the plant food is
made available and plant food is what
we are after In purchasing plows
we want to study their construction
with this In mind
The same applies to the selection Of
the harrow. The harrow that has an
easy draft cannot do as good work as
one that moves more soil and runs
deeper. A harrow should do smooth
work and incorporate the vegetable
matter and fertilizers with the soil IN
a uniform manner.
The function OF the harrow is to
still further reduce and refine soil par.
ticles, because in every process OF re-
fnement we are getting at the plant
food which is still so abundant in our
soil
On the average farm where there
are various types Of soil, a disk har-
row, a spring tooth harrow and
smoothing harrow are practical neces-
stiles. It is worse than folly for farm
ers to spend for commercial fertilizers
or chemical plant foods until they
have first made use Of that which is SO
plentiful in their own soil at the pres.
ent time.
am a firm friend OF fertilizers but
! do not believe in buying them until
we have made use Of every method OF
getting at the plant food already con
tanned in our soils.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
NEGOTIATING ALFALFA SEED
Sole Duty Of Bacteria Is In Gathering
Nitrogen From Air and Turn
Ing over TO Plants.
CBy JOHN F. NICHOLSON. Idaho tx
pertinent Station)

(By JOHN +. NICHOLSON. Idaho Ex-
pertinent Station.)
The correspondence recently re
ceived by the Idaho Experiment sta.
ton would indicate that some farmers
have wrong idea as to the use Of
incubation material for alfalfa and
other legumes. These bacteria ap-
piled to the seed have no power to
assist in the termination OF the seed,
in increasing the stand or In correct
ing detrimental influences that may
be operating in the soil. Their sole
duty is in gathering nitrogen from the
air and turning It over to the plants
on whose roots they grow.
II the soil is deficient in heterogeneous
fertilizers, therefore, they will enable
the legume to make a good growth
and yield. If the soil, on the other
hand, is sour or contains alkali, then
these bacteria win be OF little use.
Again If poor seed is used, or too
much or too little seed is sown the
bacteria will not remedy these trou.
bles.
THESE bacteria need not be used II
the legumes already growing in any
particular soil show the nodules on
the roots. This can be determined by
careful examination of the roots for
the nodules on them. New ground
is frequently deficient in these bac.
terra and they should be applied arti.
hcially. The Idaho Experiment sta.
ton will furnish any farmer OF Idaho
the proper bacteria at FIVE cents per
acre, which represents about the cost
OF production.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
PORT PENN NOTES.

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
PORT PENN, Del, June 6.-The
Rev. George c. Reynolds. of Arna,
n. j., will preach in the NJ. E. Church
on Sunday morning.
The children's day services Of the
M. e. Church will be held on Sunday,
June IA.
Mrs. George Webb is visiting
friends in Philadelphia.-Mis Ruth
Shelton and Miss Esther Eaton are at
Camden, N. j., for visit with Mrs.
Frank Torbert.-Mrs. r. r. Eaton is
visiting her mother. Mrs Moore in
Delaware .City.-Miss Lulu Hall, OF
Wrightstown, n j.. is here for a
visit with her sister, Mrs. Frank
Yearsley.-Mrs. Susan Dolbow has
her granddaughter, Miss Ada Lingo
of Philadelphia, staying with her
Clarence Webb and family, OF Phila-
delphia, visited his parents here re.
Gently.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
SOME CHICK DISEASES
HEAD LICE IN PARTICULAR ARE
SOURCE or MUCH TROUBLE.
Dust Hen With lnsee. Powder, Spray
coops With Dislnfeotant and Rub
Ointment on Chicks Head
and Under Wings.

Lice, head lice In particular, while
not disease in themselves; are a fer
tile source Of trouble and disease.
They are generally found where the
chicks are Matched BY hens, the little
fellows appearing droopy, pale and
with some diarrhea, due to weakness.
Dust the hen with a good lice killer,
spray the coops with disinfectant and
rub little lice ointment on the
chicks head. under the wings and
around the vent
While not so prevalent as some
times supposed, white diarrhean is
real menace, and here prevention is
the best remedy. Breed from strong,
healthy parent stock and avoid tho
long, scrawny, crow headed hen, for
disease is transmitted through the egg.
Keep the incubator dark, feed good
nourishing food, separate suspected
chicks at once and disinfect thorough
ly. II trouble lie expected use a white
diarrhea remedy in the drinking water
for the frst ten days. 1t will save
many chicks, but will not cure the dis
ease or save badly infected ones.
Bowel trouble, due to improper feed
ing, is often mistaken for white diar-
rhea Don't feed chicks until As
hours old, but give fine grit and fresh
water from the start. Let the first
feed be finely crumbled boiled egg,
breadcrumbs or q prepared baby chick
eriu dry 4s.Ar a..
sweet or sour milk. DO not overfeed,
but feed often. Later give a little bit
Of fine grains, such as pinhead oats,
cracked wheat or chick size cracked
corn, scattered in the litter to induce
exercise. Beef scrap should not be
given until chicks are at least week
old Scald the drinking vessels fire.
quently, give plenty Of greens after
the first five days and keep the chicks
exercising and there will never be any
bowel trouble among the birds.
Leg weakness frequently comes
from lack Of exercise. Chicks appear
healthy, have good appetites, are
bright, but have no use of their legs.
Give them every opportunity to exer-
else, but do not allow them to be-
come chilled. Bottom heat in a
brooder will cause this trouble. The
heat should always descend on a
chicks back, never upward Lack OF
bone forming materials in the food.
such as bone or shell meal, also causes
leg weakness, and every properly com
pounded chick food contains these in
gradients. so, If 1t doesn't, either add
them or get one that does.
To sum all up, If vigorous. quick
growing chicks are wanted breed from
only the strongest and best Of stock,
disinfect freely, clean up regularly,
feed the best of food, give lots Of good
fresh water and use common. sense.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
REMEDY FOR THE WooDCHUcK
Among Other Methods Of Extermina-
ton Suggested Is That Of Man
With a Good Rifle.
az M. w. MILLIAMs. Minnenota

CBy NJ w. WILLIAMS. Minnesota.)
The woodchuck, or ground hog" is
SO destructive to gardens in some
counties in this section, that few
remedial measures may be OF interest.
White muslin strips may be tied to
the pea vine supports about a foot
above the ground, at intervals of about
a foot in the row, to keep the animal
away. Cotton or oal1um may be
wrapped around a stone soaked in car
bon bi-sulphid. and the mass rolled
into the hole as far as possible. In
order that the fumes may have the
fullest possible effect, close the hole
as tightly as possible. A good marks
man with rife, stationed where he
can secure good view of the infested
field, may prove effective. Blasting
powder and long fuse are sometimes
used and SO is the steel trap.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
CULTURE OF THE MUSHROOM
Particular Work That Many Hsvs
Tried and FalIed-caves or Gel
lars Are Best Suited.

While there is no mystery about
growing mushrooms, It is such par.
ticular work that many have tried
and failed. After the beds are planted
it is almost entirely a question of
right conditions Of temperature and
moisture. knowledge of what is
wanted and a careful touch are re.
quired.
The preparation of the beds also
requires skill which comes from ex.
perience in handling manure. Sew.
eral weeks are needed to properly mix
and rot the material and it must be
done in warm weather, or in a warm
room. Caves or cellars are right
places for this work and the winter
is the best time. It is easier to keep
them warm enough than to keep them
cool enough in summer.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
MAKING THE ASPARAGUS BED
Patch May Be Renewed by Liberal
Application Of Stable Manure
Weed Out by Hand.

An old asparagus bed can be re-
newed in vigor by covering It freely
with stable manure in late fall or
early winter, removing the coarse part
in the spring, such as would impede
the cultivator. When spring comes
cultivate. but not too deep, with the
horse cultivator. and clear out the
weeds and grass with a hoe, being
careful not to cut of the new growth
which springs up very early in the
spring. Perhaps 1t would be better
to weed the patch out by hand rather
than to endanger cutting off the
young shoots. A slight scattering of
salt along the row would do no harm.
Salt is supposed to be a special fertil.
izer for asparagus.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

The third lecture of the /. B. s. A.
series here tomorrow, has for its sub
iect, Victory Der the Grave. DR..
II. J. Patterson, Of Wilmington, will
be the speaker.
The International Bible Students
Association is this year launching
the most extensive missionary cam
paign ever attempted, BY means Of
touring eyangelists and public Bible
lecture courses, its plan is to give
a thorough witness TO every nation
on the face Of the earth before this
year expires. One Of the association
special series of lectures is now be-
ing given here. The first lecturer
lays the groundwork. discussing
Gods Plan of Salvation in general
and describing what lies beyond the
grave. The second lecturer explains
the manner and necessity Of the
Lords return, which, according to
the third lecturer, Will bring to all
an opportunity Of gaining a complete
victory ever the grave. The fourth
lecturer deals with the much dis
cussed Second Chance proposition.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
NEW CASTLE CUTS
some ASSESSMENTS
Board Grants Reductions
After Property Owners
Appeal
TO VISIT MOTHER
AFTER 20 YEARS
Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.

special to TIE EVENING JOURNAL.
NEW CASTLE, June City Coun-
ell last night adopted the new city
assessment and those who appealed
against the figures placed on their
properties can rest contented. Every
one has been advocating a fun value
assessment and that the assessor be
assisted by two additional assessors.
No sooner had the work been CONF
pleled than q general howl went up
that continues TO this time. Among
the appeals refused were those by
John Truitt, Herbert Deakyne, John S.
King, Diamond State Telephone Com
pany James f. McIvor, and William
Deakyne,
Assessments on the properties OK
;. >. Deemer were reduced from s15.-
OVO to $4,000; John Ries, $4,000 to
$4,000; John J.. Sheridan, $500 to
Sl650; Christopher Pfrommer, $500 to
5000 William Lea and Sons Company,
S2O,2O0 70 $1,000; William Poole,
$4,000 to $4,000.
9. Q. Fox appealed from an ASSESS
ment on so lots. He is assessed for
20 lots az Baldton and so lots for
other parties. Other reduction are:
Mrs, b. 4. Holcomb, $4,000 to s2.S00;
Julia Morrison, $4,000 to S2.100; Ma
sonic Hall Company $1,000 to $1,000:
a. Il. Padberg, $4,000 10 $4,000; VIII
nam !. Thatcher, $1,000 to $1,000:
William p. White, $500 to 5000: Pat
rick Leonard 5000 each house In Dob
binsyiile to $3.50, the hotel is assessed
81 $4,000; William Rainey S1.100 to
$1,000; Steve Bender, $1,100 to $1,000:
Reductions refused were: ELIAS
clayton, $4,000 to $1,000; Lewis Dun
can, 5000 to $500; the sherwood Es-
tate, @l,f00 TO $1,000; Harry Hewlett.
sLeuO' James McHugh, $500; Sarah
Atkinson, Sl,6OO; Mrs. l.. Rothrock.
Sl,20O to Sl,l00 Mrs. Thomas Smith.
Ss'OVo; Walter sibley, SLIGO; G. Il.
Hewlett, $4,000.
Elmer Pedrlck has returned home
IRON college In Nashotah, Wis.
The Eden school at Bear closed
this week George Madden has been
( the teacher.
Mrs Archibald Watson sailed from
Philadelphia yesterday for Ireland to
visit her mother, whom she has not
seen for twenty years.
Out Of town shad fishermen are
going home, as the season is over.
Ben DEM yesterday afternoon bot
his cabin on a float and towed 1t to
the Christiana river, where it viii
De placed on the bank until next
spring.
The Italian Marine Band will give
sacred concert tomorrow after
noon and evening at Ocean Beach
7 Park
The attraction at the park tomor-
row afternoon will be Col. Hopes,
who is years Of age and stands
only 81 inches high. He weighs "a
pounds --
Baseball is beginning to boom here.
John McDevitt is managing the a. A.
team and his brother, James Nc
Dewitt, is manager of the st. Peters
I team.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Ideas for the Farmer Who Wants
To be Up TO-the-Minute
MAKE USE OF OLD BICYCLE
Power for an Emery Stone May BE OBJ
talned by Using Discarded Parts
Of Veloclpede,

An old bicycle may be used to fur
nish power for an emery stone. Il
can be rugged up on the frame Of an
old grindstone, or something SINH
lar The large sproeket and pedals
are placed between the two / by As
Of the grlndstone frame. as in the
drawing, the hub. on either side. fitting
into large holes bored into these cross.
pieces, writes Floyd G Miller Of Inola,
Okla, In Farmers Mail and Breeze.
The counter shaft Is placed below tho
top of the frame. The mandrel Is
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
HANDY COVER FOR HAYSTAcK
Covering Works Automatically az
Stack settIes--Wont't Blow Loose
In High Winds.

The Scientific American in descrlb-
ing a haystack cover, the invention OF
F. A. Freeland OF Adhesion, Ia, says.
This invention has special refer
ence TO novel and useful improve
ments in covers for haystacks. The
primary object OF the invention re-
sides in the provision OF an improved
cover which will automatically adjust
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
EFFECTIVE TRAPS FOR RATS
Useful Around Corn Cribs, Barns and
Other Farm Bulldlngs-Rodenta
Cannot Escape.

The Burmese use an ingenious and
simple method OF trapping rats A
Jar with a weighted cover Is sunk
into the ground. A hole is punched
in the side OF the jar on level with
the surface OF the ground and just
large enough TO admit a good. big
rat. II is not necessary to use a
poison in the jar for the purpose OF
killing the rats. for the rodents can
not get out Of the jar and may easily
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Power for Emery Wheel.

raised about inches so the stone will
not rub against the counter shaft. II
there are no bookings handy, good ones
may be made from maple, or other
close grained wood, and babbitted. A
Is the emery stone, B the counter
shaft, G small sprocket on the stone
shaft, D large bicycle sprocket, d
sprocket chain, and f the bicycle sad.
die.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
ereat vaIue q sIIo.

Has your farm a silo? If not, you
had better enlighten yourself more
concerning their great value in the
dairying business. A silo enables the
farmer to store a greater amount of
feed in less space than he can other
wise do. 1t requires double the
amount of space to store the same
amount OF dry nutrients and rough
age.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Easy Gate to open.

than height Of gate. and to the bottom
end bolt short piece which makes it
T-shape. This is bolted to the gate as
shown in the illustration, and serves
as lock, for the short piece goes be-
tween the spokes in the wheel and
holds the gate either open or closed.
A child can easily open a heavy gate
that has this attachment.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
ATTACHMENT ON FARM GATE
Discarded Plow Wheel and Wooden
Axle With Narrow strip Of Board
Makes Handy Arrangement.

There are a great many different
kinds Of gates used on farms through.
out the country, some simple and 9TH
ers complicated. The Farm and Home
describes and illustrates one as ar.
ranged by Leslie Beattie OF New York
as follows:
/ take an old plow wheel, fit wood.
en- axle to It. and bolt 1t to the bottom
corner of the gate. Then take a mar
row strip Of board six inches longer
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

Where the dry feed system is adopt-
ed, the fowls should be watered at the
time they are fed
There is not much danger of over.
fattening the laying hen.
You cannot offend the hen by giving
her dish of buttermilk.
Soft food increases egg production.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Feed caIves In stanohlon..

Calves should be fed in a stanchion
so constructed as TO prevent them
from sucking each others ears after
they have drunk their milk. The feed
ing of grain by placing a little before
them after every meal OF milk will
also discourage the desire to suck the
ears of the calf in the next stanchion.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Hsystsck cover.

itself to stack as the latter settles.
whereby the stack will not only be pro.
tected, but the cover will be prevented
from blowing loose in case Of high
winds. The accompanying illustra-
tion is a perspective view OF the Inn
proved self-adjusting haystack cover
applied to a stack.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Time to Plant Trees.

Many trees planted in the spring
are lost from the usual dry spell in the
summer. Thus fall planting has many
advantages. Rootlets will be devel.
oped and the trees ready to grow rap
idly the following spring.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06
Wash sink In stahI.

A modern stable should contain a
wash sink with the necessary fixtures
about it for the proper care Of the
harness and animals. You can have
one put into your barn for about s25.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

Strawberries should be picked as
soon as they ripen, as they are a very
perishable fruit. The plants must be
looked over every day and ripe berries
picked.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

When pruning, have a reason for
every cut made and cut close to the
limb or trunk. Leave no stubs.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

The public weighs words. whether
it buys or sells and the Want Ads
easily carry the best balance Of
weight.-Adv.
Evening journal., 1914-06-06

be drowned. A bait OF cheese or
some other food which rats are fond
OF will attract the rats by It's odor.
This kind Of trap ia very effective
around barns, corn cribs, sheds and
other outbuiIdIngs.