The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1914-12-14
ENDURING
FEATURES Of
THE ROADbED
~ STAKE g SPEND BULK o.
vO"Ef FOR 49, EI1Ess gE
s. L7FGCE o. BAD FOUNDATION
POORLY cHEisEc.

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looset 1-g- Il ,5@ Lz1t 0, z- IL
se-.-e-- i -h=s= features d 10
comply W--1 certain STANDARD i.
I'LL - l.co- =-1-o-E 70 zpe1d non
- q trz-s.-o-y Improvements s1c-
- lard surfaces. v5ic1 u-s- ~ -
-eEe5 q considerable er5e-se ron
year 10 yez-
LDcz- Dg-c-t-0-s. of course. c=.---
-u.1s 10 Z. great zue-, tae y-1-e-
Standards Tor permanent features O.
any aigaTzy Twenty year. ezp@--
ieacs i- modem rad building has
shown, however. that there Is min
-I1um which zry road built On bo--
roTed money should comply wlta-
So-ca!led mzczdam roads have
been built with band money D. sim
ply spreading 5roEe1 stone in the
mud The inev.ta5l= result Of such
shorrs2nted1ess IS ths, long before
the bonds have been paid Of. the
improvements for which they we're
issued have ceased TO exist and the
county has nothing 70 show for its
increased debt In the same way.
it il manife.rly poor policy 70 build
an expensive surface On defec.iTe
grades with Door al.gnments and
short-liyed drainage features.
Even when much Of the money ex-
pended upon a highway has gone INTO
the permanent features. there Is still
danger that the cost Of repairs and
maintenance will be overlooked. or at
least slighted in the calculations Of
the road builders When roads are
built with borrowed money il is. Of
cours-. especially importan. 70 avoid
this error. On the other hand. how
ever IL is not necessary 10 regard
the total cost Of surfacing a road as
4 temporary Improvement Much Of
the surfaclng may be c,assed az a
permanent Investment. for &, is be-
coming more and more common 70
have surface built in two courses.
the lower Of which is az much L per-
manent feature Of construction as the
grading Itself This is particularly
true Of those types Of road that are,
built with concrete foundations for
bituminous- macadam. brick or as
phalt surfaces. It is probably conser-
Tative. indeed TO regard 20 per cent
Of the surfacing cost Of macadam or
more enduring payemeuts as per-
manent investment. It is seldom
nowadays that hard roads are per-
mi'ted to wear into the foundation
course Of the surfacing
Probably i is safe TO say that an
average Of about 50 per cent Of the
total cost Of 4 well built macadam
road should be put into the perma-
nent features. and with bitumlnous- /
macadam roads, about Sc per cent. /
This method Of estimating cannot be /
applied to any gravel or natural .
soil road in which no part OF the sur
facing can advantageously b. con
-idered permanent. FOR under most
iystems OF maintenance II steadily
ieter.orates.
Roads built with surfaces entirely
1f concrete. or with brick payements
-estilg on a concrete foundation, are
generally regarded as permanent but
2 .s not yet definitely known how
ong the best concrete surface will /
asst The best yitrided brick surfa-
.es may last number of years. but |
wen with them repairs will be re-
.uired.
To sum up. the authors Of this bull
stin point out that the initial cost Of
road is never The final one: that
10 surface IS permanent. and that re-
airs and maintenance charges will 4
lways be necessary. On the other
and many features Of a good road
re TO b. regarded as permanent in Z
es,ments When roads are built ;
nth borrowed money. the distinction ,
etween the permanent and the tenn ,
orary improvement must be care ,
Illy observed in order that the {
1unty may have something in e1- 7
lange when the time comes 20 re-
ay the loan.