Evening journal., 1914-04-30

a background of the same color for
every position in which the signals may
be shown. Morse NAV be also sent by
flash signals, using a searchlight, hcl-
iograph, or an ordinary camp lantern.
A short flash is a dot and a long steady
flash is dash. The flashes may be
made by means of a shutter which can
be worked so as 10 reveal and obscure
the light or in pinch by holding a
board or hat in front OF the light and
making long and short flashes. The Sig
nal Corps has regular signal lantern
burning acetylcne gas and fitted with
key which turns up and lowers the
flame making long and short flashes IN
this way.
The first position in signaling by
flashes is to turn steady flash on the
receiving station The elements OF
letter. that is the dots and dashes.
should be slightly longer than in sound
signals. To call a station make the call
letter until acknowledged, at intervals
giving the call or signal of the calling
station. If the call letter of station
be unknown, signal a series OF dots rap
idly made until acknowledged. Each
station will then turn ON steady flash
and adjust When the adjustment Is
satisfactory TO the called station il will
cut off its flash, and the calling station
will proceed with its message. II the
receiver sees that the sender's appa-
ratus needs adjustment, he will turn
on steady flash until answered by
steady fash. When the adjustment Is
satisfactory the receiver will cut of his
flash and the sender will resume his
message To break the sending station
for other purposes. turn on a steady
flash. All conventional signals are the
same as for the flag, necessarily omit
ting "fronts," with the following eX-
ceptions:
Conventional signals for use with
flash lantern, heliograph or searchlight
fused with shutter). Am calling you--
Call letter. or if unknown, signal
series of dots rapidly, at intervals Civ
ing the call or signal of the calling sta
tion.
Acknowledgment (or) understand
..... NM, followed by call letter Of
station.
Repeat after Cword) .... &C A
| (word).
Adjust ..... Steady fash Receiver
will answer with steady fash.
Adjustment satisfactory. Receiver
will answer with steady flash.
Adjustment satisfactory. Receiver
cuts off flash. Sender begins with last
/ word correctly sent.
End of message .--. followed by
call letter of station and --.-.
End of address --...--
Another message AIR.
Message received RID, followed by call
/ letter of his station and personal signal
of the receiver.
An extremely important part OF sig
mailing. usually neglected by Scouts, is
| the proper order Of transmission OF mes
sages. We will now take up this part
OF the work. giving the methods and
procedure in use in the L. ). Signal
/ Corps Each station should have its
/ call, consisting OF one or two letters. as
/ A or b. OF Wilmington. WI. etc. Each
operator or signalist should also have
his signal. as Ward, Wa. These being
once adopted, should not be changed. To
lessen liability OF error, numerals oc-
curing in the body OF a message should
be spelled out in full In calling out
a message as received. each letter should
be called out as signaled and the re-
ceiver should not wait TO do this until
the completion OF a word. To acknowl
edge the rcceint of a message, sigma
"RD 'front.' with flag torch. hand, Ian
tern and beam OF searchlight twher
similarly used). or "RD" with flash sig
mails, followed by the call letter of hi.
station and the personal signal of tn,
receiver. In receiving messages, nothing
should be taken for granted. and moth
ing considered as seen until it has beer
positively and clearly in view. Do moi
anticipate what will follow from signal.
already given Watch the communicat
ing station until the last signals are
made, and be very certain that the sig
nal for the end cf the message has beer
given.
In sending a message the words
comprising il are are counted and th'
number signalled so as to check it. Thi
is known as the "check." therefore. tn,
following are the rules: Every addres
must contain at leas. .wo words an,
should be sufficient to secure delivery
, All that a sender Of 4 message write
for transmission is counted. Nhcneve
mere than one signature Is attached 4
message count all initials and name
as part of the message Dictionar,
words, initial letters, surnames of per
sons, names of cities, towns, viliag, f
State and Territories, or names Of III
Canadian provinces, VIII be counte'
each as one word; e. z. Ney York. Dis
trict of Columbia, should each b
, counted as one word. The abbreviatio
4 of the names of cities. etc, will b
counted the same as if written in full
Authorizations of weights and measure
: in common use, figures, decimal point.
bars of division and i'm ordinal number
7 the afiixes IS" ID" md" "rd", am
9Th will be each counted as one wort
p Letters and groups of letters. WIN
e such letters do not form dictionar
e words and are not combinations of di,
d tionary words lin other words, cipht
j codes). win be counted at the rate q
= FIVE letters or fraction of five letter
p to a word. When such groups are mad
s up of combination of dictionary void
d each dictionary word so used will 1
e counted The following are exception
h TO the above as follows; A. NJ, on
N word; p. NJ. one word; o. X, on
3 word; per cent. one word. The "check
then consists of the number of WORD
n or groups of cipher contained in mel
r sage counting address and signatur
Next week we will give the proper ord'
: of tranmission of messages. Be SUI
!, that the above section on the "checL
= is thoroughly understood. as this is ne
essary before intelligently sending