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The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-10-30
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BY Associated Press
LONDON, Oct Ratfpgrad
dispatch says In Y lie regent tlglit-
ing near Przemys two geflsrltls re-
ported to their comnland efs, tise Bal
garian general Dimttrtass slio is
leading the Russian army inyesting
Frzemysl, that they We're unable 10
hold up owing to erwli eltiiftta MIN
hers of5the enemies: General DInis
triess replied wit an erism Which
will doubtless Become ltisto oftrals He
said! Don't count tile etienty3 beat
him.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-10-30
MINT !, DIRECTOR RESIGNS.

WASHINGTON. D. C., Oct. so.
Gesorge css 81 &. Roberts, OF Fort Dodge, Ia,
director OF the mint, has resigned. ~
was announced at the Treasury de.
partment today, that the resignation
would be etrectiYe:wllen accepted by
President Wilson.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-10-30
Turks Destroy
Russian Boat
TWO TORPEDO DEsTRoYERs EN-
TERED PORT OF ODESSA
AND INFIICT DAMAGE.

Is AsStTjlNIEn eHESs;
" BORDEAUX, Oct. %O.-lt was an
.rounced OFFICIALLY hero today shat
two Turkish torpedo beat destroyers
entered the port of odessn on tbs
Black Sen yesterday and sank RUS
sian gunboat. They also inflicted
damage on the French liner Portn-
I, gal.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1914-10-30
Germans Deny
An InUqsion
BERLIN DECLARES THE REPORT
FROM ANGOLA A FLAT
TIE,

BERLIN. via wireless, Oct. 3O'--
The alleged raid OF German troops
into Angola. West Africa, is declared
Officially today to be II flnt lie forged
in order to justly Portugal's' partict'
patton in the European war.
OK ASSOCIATED PHEss.1
LONDON, Oct. 3O,--A dispatch
from Lourcnzo Marques, East Africa,
confirms the report Of o German In.
vasion OF Portuguese, West Afrtca,
and gives the following details OF It:
IA party Of German cavalry, COM
posed of / . Europeans and 20 natives
crossed the southern border of An
COLA, and arrived ut the military post
nj NaUtla, saying they desired an
Interview with the commander,
Shortly artcrw,lrd they We're about
to retire without further explaining
the reason for the invasion, when q
Portuguese orTicer placed his hand
5on the German Officers brid idle. 9lEild ld
tGeGdnan troops tt ereiIpo on sTai ed thets
Gsispons, hut the PortIg oilers
ware etore eiland and red on 2gllt
ing tliS q etItatis
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

ed in this number. The peace footing
is 1904 officers and 754,681 men.
The army is armed with Mauser mag
azine rifles and the cavalry with Maui
ser carbines. The field and horse ar
tillery have Krupp guns, firing a If
teen pound shell. There are seventeen
aeroplane companies, with 173 officers
and 4,446 men.
The intended employment of the re-
serve troops In war has not been d.
vulged by the German general staff,
but the plans show that most of
the two brigade divisions will be aug
mented by reserve brigade In war
ana that all army corps in the German
army can take the field with six bri-
gades, the artillery being increased pro-
portionately by reserve regiments. To
each infantry division is attached in
war an artillery brigade of twelve bat
teries.
There are eighteen cyclist companies
in the German army. The German
field batteries are equipped with six
guns each, and the horse batteries have
four guns each.
Prussia, with Baden and Hesse, is
divided into sixteen military districts,
each of which furnishes a complete
army corps. There is also Prussian
guard corps drawn from the whole
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

practice is to summon them back to
the colors, with the latest to leave serv-
Ice first and the others in order.
To sum up, the army Of France is to-
day among the most magnificent the
world has ever known.
In July Of the present year. before
the outbreak of the war, Senator Hum
bert made an exposure in Paris of the
unpreparedness of the French war es-
adjustment in the immediate proxim-
ity of the German frontier. 1t was not
taken very seriously in France.
French Made q Bluff.
General Keim Of the German Army
league, who Is an expert on the ms
and outs of sentiment molding, said
In Der Tag that the true inwardness
Of M. Humbert's revelations was a de-
sire to pave the way for fresh French
military ornaments. The senator's
declaration that the republics army
was not equipped to cross either the
Moselle or the Rhine gave the whole
game away, according to General
Keim, and illustrated clearly that the
exposure was a parliamentary BLUM fol
the purpose Of arousing the country
to the need Of fresh sacrifices for mill.
tary expenditure. ~
The bluff was timed. says General
keim. in order to enable President
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

ulted openly over this assertion and
declared that In the test of war the
French guns would outmaneuver and
nutshoot the Krupps.
1t must not be forgotten that French
officers and men have been tested In
actual warfare in the north of Africa.
The French colonies in Aigiers are
held only by the tenure of arms, and
it was for their protection that France
came so near going to war with Ger
many over Morocco. The tribes of the
interior. near akin to the first class
fighting men" Of whom Kipling wrote,
have kept Frenchmen busy for many
years. The campaigning on the desert
ia much harder than anything French
soldiers are called upon to face in de-
Tense Of their beloved fatherland or
when invading the lands of their coun-
try's European foes.
Above all, the motive animating
Frenchmen in q war with Germany IA
the desire to recover Alsace and LOr-
raine. torn from France by the Vic
torious Germans in 1901 The cry
of LA revaRche!" heard In France at
intervals for forty years has never
been stilled. and it puts new life into
the French. soldier to know that he Is
battling for the redemption Of the lost
provinces.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

cepted and approved that the idea Of
adopting it for the whole army is being
seriously discussed. The IA guns Of
each army corps would then become
thirty-six batteries in place Of the pres
ent twenty -four. For the time being
this plan was vetoed.
The chief reason against the change
was the effect it would have on the
line of march, as it would lengthen
out the march column very considera-
| bly,. The tactical value of the four
gun battery in the field was not dis
| puted.
Another artillery reform which was
not by any means clearly indicated In
the new military law was the great in
crease of howitzers. Some of the rid
ing batteries have been quietly changed
into howitzer batteries, and now where
| every army corps had it's complement
of howitzers every division possesses
the same force. The howitzer, indeed.
in the opinion of many German critics,
Is 1.-The weapon of the future"
The Spirit Of tho Army.
1t is a superb sight to see a Ger
man regiment on parade drill, perfect
| in equipment to the uttermost button,
and Fritz in the ranks appreciates it
and exults in it as We'll as the field
marshal or even the sub-lieutenant
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
AUSTRIA DECLARES
WAR UPON RUSSIA

Vienna, Aug. 8.-Assurauce from
the Austrian war Office that Austria
will Immediately take up the task OF
guarding the Russian frontier were
sent to Berlin
With the declaration Of war upon
Russia by Emperor Francis Joseph,
followed by the immediate announce
ment of a similar declaration against
Austria by the car, Kaiser Wilhelm
may direct all of his attention to the
Belgian and French campaigns for at
least the next two weeks.
Russian mobilization is progressing
slowly. The Austrian war office is
confident that with the withdrawal of
only small portion of the forces
attacking Servia the Russian advance
can be checked.
The German border. patrols have
made raids into Russian territory,
burning villages, but no general en-
gagements have occurred.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

with the colors instead of two The
effect Of this law is to increase the
peace strength Of the French army by
one-half. Great as is the sacrifice in
volved, it Is nevertheless cheerfully
made by the French people. A fresh
attempt was made by executive order
to adjust the longstanding differences
between the war and navy depart
ments as to who should have charge
of the coast defense of France. The
great trouble in the past was the divi-
sion Of responsibility. The new order
did not remove it. After the fall ma
neuvers, held near Toulose, great
number of officers Of high rank were
summary placed on the retired list
owing to the inefnciency displayed by
them. This energetic proceeding testi-
ies to the determination of the French
to be ready at all times for action.
The reservists are divided into diff
ferent classes, according to the number
of years which have elapsed since they
quit active service. In all cases the
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
BRITISH CRUISER
AMPA|0N IS sunk

London, Aug. 8.-Part of the Brit
ish and German fleets have been in
action.
The Germans fought a running
fight, according to the admiralty,
which advises that "all of the news
may not be favorable"
The only real disaster admitted,
however, is the loss of the cruiser
Amphion with 1870 men. 1t is consid-
cred certain, however, that a number
Of British destroyers have been at
least crippled.
The German warships were driven
back on their base off the German
coast and the admiralty claims that
British shipping now has a clear pas.
sage through the channel, while the
fishing fleet need no longer remain
in the North sea ports.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

GENERAL Won MoLTKE, CHIEF OF STAFF
OF THE GERMAN ARMY.
brigade; two brigades division and
two divisions an army corps. In war
all corps will be constituted of thirty
six battalions. To each infantry di
vision is attached an artillery brigade
twelve batteries) and a regiment of
cavalry flour squadrons); to each army
corps four batteries Of howitzers, a
battalion of rifles and an engineer bat
talon The war strength Of CON-
plete division of two brigades is about
$4,000 and Of an army corps Of two
divisions 10000. There are altogether
twenty-five army corps of two divisions
each
There is only one permanent cavalry
division-that of the guard-but in war
eight divisions are formed from the
line regiments The normal strength
Of cavalry division is three brigades
of two regiments each. with three bat
terfes Of horse artillery. in all twenty
four squadrons Of twelve guns
Total Field Army Of 1.25o.ooo.
The total Of the field army is 1885,
600. to which must be added the mo-
bile landwehr of 60O.OOO In addition
It is estimated that there are at least
100000 trained men to supply waste
Of war The landsturm is not includ-
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

kingdom. Saxony, Wurttemberg and
Reichsland furnish FIVE army corps
In the German army are 217 regiments
of infantry containing All, 796 men, 10
regiments Of cavalry with S2.O07 men.
100 regiments of field artillery with
$4,000 men and "a regiments Of foot
artillery with $4,000 men. The Ger
man army uses $4,000 horses, Of
which over $4,000 are for the cavalry
alone.
Take Lessons From Napoleon.
In January, 1914, the German war
Office ordered translation to be pre-
pared of 'Preceptes ct Jugments de
Napoleon" collected and classified by
Lieutenant Colonel Ernest Picard of
the French army. Thus after thirty
four years the Germans seem to have
taken the advice Of Won Moltke to
study the campaigns Of Napoleon. But
this Is not all. AS everybody knows,
Napoleon's favorite arm was artillery.
and in that arm there are to be vide
spread reforms and reorganization,
particularly with the object of obtain
ing the greatest mobility, If not inter.
rupted by war.
Eleven divisions of artillery have
been changed from riding" batteries
to driven batteries. That is the Of
fetal description of the change, which
Officially again-was defended on the
ground that there would be a large
saving in men and horses without any
proportionate loss in fighting force,
since it was practically useless to have
the riding batteries unless they were
always working in collaboration with
cavalry, and for this purpose there
were already enough.
The most important part of the
change, however. lies in the fact that
the batteries are now only four guns
each in place Of the regular German
six. This means striking vindica-
ton Of the French artillery principles,
such as were propounded by General
Langlois, and no doubt the teachings
Of the Balkan wars have had some
thing to do with the innovation. Hith-
erto the German critics have criticized
the French four gun battery on the
ground that, If more mobile. it was
far less forceful.
Now. however. artillery experts here
have come around to quite another
point of view. One Of the most expe
rienced reported the other day that the
smaller batteries were both easier and
quicker to handle on the march. and
far easier to bring into action. Posi-
lions useful for four gun battery
were twice as easy to find. and they
were generally far better than those
for six gun battery.
The principle is now SO generally &C.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
BRITISH, FRENCH AND
BELGIAN FORCES Unite

Brussels, Aug. 1O.-Belgian official
reports received by the war office re.
cord the important fact that a union
has been effected by Belgian, British
and French troops across the line OF
the German advance through Belgium.
The location of troops of the three
armies was not revealed, but in any
future operations it is understood they
will act together.
The sighting of a German cavalry
patrol to the south of Namur was evil
dence of the activity of the German
forces in Luxembourg, showing that
they are accommodating to discover
the position of the defending armies.
In the meantime the French troops
who have crossed the frontier of Bel
GUM continued to advance methodi-
cally and their approach strengthens
the position of the Belgian army from
hour to hour. When a French officer
arrived at Namur in an automobile the
citizens hoisted him out on their
shoulders and carried him through
the streets of the city. !
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12

But If Fritz Is locked in Jail for week
or two because single button on his
coat appeared to the eye Of Baron Won
Martinez to be not absolutely free from
tarnish by the acid test why, then, the
other Fritzses frown behind their
placid masks and welcome the propa
ganda of democracy. 1t must be borne
in mind that as the social democracy
is the most numerous of all the po-
litical parties in the empire so the
great majority of that party consists
of men who have served their time
with the colors under the CONSUMPTION
law. That fact gives added force to
the popular disapproval of military
abuses. 1t is not the army. per Sc, to
which even radical social democrats
object so much as to the tyrannous
exaggerations of the spirit Of military
caste. There is arising demand that
the army shall be considered, and shall
consider itself, a part Of the citizen
body" of the nation, amenable in time
of peace like all the rest to the COM
mon civil law. But in time of war all
other considerations are overthrown.
Kaiser the Supreme General.
Emperor William is of course gener-
alissimo of the German armies, both
Of the kingdom of Prussia, Of which
he Is king. and of the other kingdoms,
duchies and municipalities making up
the German empire. With him are as
ISOLATED as leaders Of their armies the
kings of Saxony, Wurttemberg, Ba-
varia, etc.. all Of whom are train
ed soldiers. The heads Of the other
smaller German states are also mill
tary men and for the most part capa-
BILE leaders of the forces of their
states.
Next to Emperor William comes the
chief Of staff, Lieutenant General
Count Helmuth Won Moltke, nephew
Of the famous Won Moltke, who was
accounted the greatest strategist of
the nineteenth century save only Ma
poleon Bonaparte. Count Won Haesel.
er holds the rank Of field marshal gen.
eral, the highest in the German or any
other army. Other officers high in rank
are Generals Won Goltz. Won Linde.
quist, Won Plessen. Won Kessel, Won
Horn, Won Buelow, Won Scholl and
Won Prittwitz-all these in addition to
the numerous royalties, Prussian and
non-Prussian, who hold high rank in
the German army. In some cases the
titles of these last named are purely
honorary and they cannot be called
upon for active field service, but in
others. as has been stated. the royal
ties are trained soldiers and able to
give good accounts of themselves as
masters Of large bodies Of fighting
men. War always finds them in the
forefront Of the German forces.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
French Army Is Splendid Type
Of Fighting Machine
Third Strongest In Europe and Possessed of Wonderful
Wartime Spirit-~New Conscription Law.

reaching the age of forty-fve. Hence
forward Frenchman is exempt from
military duty, but until Ills forty-f1fth
birthday he attends a muster roll once
year and is at any moment liable to
active service in the event Of war.
This rule was abolished for 'some
time, and a two year active service
system was adopted. To meet the in
crease OF the German army, following
upon that Of 1912. France returned to
the three year enlistment system. un-
der which she will keep three classes
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
RESERvISTS CANNOT SAIL
Thousands of Germans and Austrians
Are Stranded.

New York, Aug. 8.-Fifty-six thou
sand German reservists, who have
been stranded in New York unable to
get back to the Fatherland, were no.
titled to return to their homes until
further notice. Similar instructions
were given to 10000 Austrians and
With many thousand foreign reserv-
lists in New York awaiting means of
transportation to their native lands
the federal port authorities here, I'M
der instructions to see that the neu-
trality laws are observed, are con-
fronted with puzzling situation
created by the manner in which some
of the reservists planned to sail.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
FRENCH INVADING ALSACE
Action Arouses Enthusiasm All Over
the Republic.

Paris, Aug. 10.-The invasion OF
lower Alsace by a French army under
the command of General Joseph Jof
fire, the French commander-in-chief,
has awakened great enthusiasm
throughout France.
French military authorities, while
recognizing that the occupation OF
Altkirch and Mulhausen by the French
troops is not of high strategical i'm.
portance, believe that the successful
advance of the French army far
across the German frontier will have
considerable moral effect
1t is also reported unofficially that
holman, further to the north, has fall.
en- into the hands of the French. None
Of these three places was strongly
fortified and all of them lie outside
the line of real German defense, being
regarded as outposts of the strongly
fortified cities.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
GERMAN ARMY.
ALWAYS READY
Most Powerful Of Worlds Land
Fighting Machines.
KAISER IS SUPREME CHIEF.

His Right Hand Man, Field Marshal
Won Moltke, Chief Of Staff, 10 Nephew
Of Famous Strateoist Who Planned
Successful Franco Prussian War.
Field Force, First Line of Battle,
Consists Of 1,25o00o Men-staff Off,
GERS All Specialists In Warfare.
Some Of the Leading Generals.
- REATEST in organization, drill
- and preparedness for war and
probably in the number OF men
Immediately ready for active
field service, as well as In leadership,
and second only to the Russian army
in point Of size, the army Of the Ger
man empire is the worlds most pow
erful land fighting machine.
Military experts assert that even d.
vided, with one-half concentrated
against Russia and the other half sent
against France. the kaiser's army is
able to overwhelm any force that could
be brought to oppose its advance. The
u
kaiser of a state OF war in Germany
brought forth many predictions Of a
repetition of the war Of 1901, when
Germany's forces almost literally walk
ed over those of France. Then, as
now, preparedness for active service
was accounted the prime factor in the
situation. There is no reason to think
that the present Won Moltke, chief Of
staff of the German army and nephew
Of the famous field marshal, Is inferior
to his predecessor and namesake. The
old Won Moltke had all his plans for
the invasion Of France contained in a
single drawer of his desk. The pres
ent day Won Moltke has been working
for many years on methods of tnvad-
ing France and Russia.
Germany has prepared herself against
war with France since 1871. In 1875
such Il war was averted by the mar.
rowest Of margins. Since then Ger
many has striven With might and main
to perfect her military power to de.
gree unknown until the genius Of Mott
Ike made Germany national unit.
The frontier between Germany and
Russia, which both nations have forti-
fed at short intervals, covers 843 miles
The various fortresses are connected
with each other by underground tele-
graph and telephone, while strategic
military railroads lead to the principal
military centerS in the interior.
German a Born Soldier.
The German is q soldier Of the high
est type-born soldier, nurtured as
one-developed to the highest degree
of efficiency.
The German army consists of the
first line, landwehr and landsturm, the
last home defense reserve. Two regi-
meats of infantry, six battalions, form
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1914-08-12
GREAT ENGAGEMENT
APPEARS imminent
French and British Troops Are
Said to Be Pouring Into
Belgium.

London, Aug. 10.-Capture of Liege
by the Germans was reaffirmed in
dispatches received from Berlin and
advices from Brussels admit that the
Germans have occupied the town.
Other dispatches from Belgian and
French sources and announcements
at the British admiralty maintained
that the forts still are in the hands
Of the Belgians.
The Belgian general staff issued a
statement that the German offensive
movement has ceased.
The discrepancy which has existed
between the Belgian and German re-
ports on the situation at Liege is be-
lieved by military men here to be &C.
counted for by the retreat of the Bel
gian troops which had held the
routes between the forts and that the
town of Liege has been taken by the
Germans, who continue to advance on
line between Huy and Louvain,
leaving part Of their army to besiege
the Liege forts.
The object of the German advance
is believed to be Namur on their left
flank and Louvaine on their right
flank. If this opinion is correct mill
tary men believe a great battle is i'm
minent between the German and Bel
gian armies, the latter probably be-
ing reinforced by British and French
allies.
Place Of Review Unknown.
Dispatches from Brussels spoke of a
review of the defenders of the city of
Liege by King Albert, but did not
say where his majesty reviewed them.
The troops reviewed by the king ap-
parently was, in the opinion of peo-
pie here, the field army which had
been operating at Liege and which
Saturday was reported as leaving the
city to join King Albert's army, the
reason being given that the forts of
the city were considered able to take
care of themselves against the Ger
man forces.
Dispatches from Berlin from the
semi-oficial agency there were posi-
tive in their statements that "Liege is
in our hands and 5000 or 1000 Bel
gian prisoners are en- route to Ger
many"
Reports from the Belgian minister
of war that there had been enormous
losses during the fighting between the
French and Germans in Lower Alsace
were received here They stated that
the Germans had lost 10000 killed and
wounded and the French $4,000, but
later it was explained that these re-
ports were based on unofficial ad.
vices received at the Belgian minis
try of war. The Exchange Telegraph's
Brussels correspondent says:
In the event of the check of the
Germans being caused the conclusion
to be drawn is that the second phase
of the campaign must commence in a
few days.