El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1914-10-10

are often little better than pigpens.
some Of the large haciendas have re-
Gently been erecting model dwellings,
but the most Of the tenant houses are
sull shanties Of adobe brick or huts
made OF reeds and sticks. woven uOg5th-
er and plastered with mud They are
matched with straw. The doors are
rude. and the windows are small The
ground is often the floor. and the fur
mIure consists Of little more than
table covered with OlclOth, few
rough chairs and a bed These people
/ have large families. and a hut Is or
( 20 teet square is often the home Of six
or eight people.
The InquilinOs pay no rent for such
/ houses, and they have in addition small
! tracts Of ground which they can Guilt
Vate. as we'll as pasture for certain
number of cattle In return they have
TO provide labor for the proprietor
! wages that are often half the current
rates OF the neighbOrhOOd.
The hacienda has the right 70 dis
! charge the InQuilino. and the IuQUillnO
has the right to leave when he pleases.
! AS a rule the haciendadOs try 10 hold
their men. and the men, if at all well
| treated, are not likely to move on some
! OF the farms there is general store
run by the landlord for his servants,
and there the lnuunlino makes the
most Of his purchases. He is supposed
] to give one mans Work IN exchange 1Cr
! his rent and this means that he gets
his house and garden for from g 10 50
per week 1 am told that the InQullinos
! love their masters and know that the
masters are fond OF the men who work
! for them The master occupies some
D what the position of a feudal lord, and
/ the men treat him with a great deal Of
I respect
Army Services Aids in Civnizing.
/ The service IN the army. which Is now
/ universal. Is having civiizing influence
I upon the lower classes Every young man,
when he arrives at the age o. %, Is sup
% mi
establishment, during which time he Is
I whipped into shape. taught to obey and
made into a soldier The mlntary system
/ is that OF Germany. and education Is com
! bined with the training There are German
professors In all the military academies
! and the cadets who aid IN handling ths
I quilino is broadened by this service, and II
/ tends TO make him leave the farm for the
/ city and to engage In labor there
labor Organizations Aid.
Another influence toward civilizing and
Z elevating the InQuilno is the labor organi-
{ cations. They are slowly making theli
I way into the various countries Of South
{ America The railway employees are or
I as the members Of come Of the mechanica
Z trades The labor element is beginning e
l take part in politics, and It has now two
| REPRESENTATIVES in the Chilean congress The
3 departments OF police and OF the state rail-
] wavs are under the civil service. and posi-
tons there are in great demand amoni
Z are high. -
The chilean policeman receives about So
. a month and one meal a day He is undei
military training and patrols the streets
I with his knapsack on his back In TINT
. OF war he will probably 90 into the army
II seems strange to see a policeman march
ing I'D and down the street in the heat o.
the afternoon sun with a great knapsaci
on his back.
Foreigners Are the Merchants.
Much OF the mercantile business Of chill
is done by foreigners The fuu bloode'
Spanfard looks down upon trade, and he q
| content 10 have the half-breed and m
I man from outside do his merchandising 10
( him The big business is mainly In IN
Z hands Of foreigners. and some OF the larGes
Z fortunes OF the country are held BY t4Inl
lies with European names The Chilea'
Z minister to Great Britain IS Augusun Ed
Z wards He owns the Mercurio, the leadlni
] newspaper Of the country. and has million
& in farms and stocks Of one kind and an
4 other Among other prominent names ar
: the Fosters. the Walkers and Rogers u
I Of the great patriots and heroes OF Chll
/ was named O'Higgins, another was Cocn
& rane and another Arturo Pratt The CIT
4 Of Valparaiso today is largely European
/ and its chief business establishments ar
+ English or German There Is great dea
{ OF English Irish and American b-oGd
/ some Of the best families OF Santiago an
/ the southern part Of the country Is give
over 70 the Germans.