davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20
Petroleum

OIL CITY Pa. Teh -rreaU III
Hngra. 200 Runs. fft. 500. ayfrtre ri
shipments. 1851. averare. roo.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

WHEELING. W Va. Feb. 10. Ia
The following quotations op the NOR.
artiNo stocks OF the Wheeling market
atc corrected daily Tor the Intellircrgsr
~ Geo. W. Baron. local broker. and H.
" Marshall. manager bond Department.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20
Articles open. High. Low. Close.

CHICAGO, Feb. 1s.-Cash quotations
were follows
kye-No. =. nominal. No. ,. 81.
Harley-Feed or mixing. so n72
Timothy Seed-3.75M5sr
clover Seed--ie. OOHII5O
Mess Pork-2I.7U.
Inrd-tln tierces), 1885.
Short Ribs-u.oose). lO.s7lz nII.37i.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

Fidelity Loca! Stocks.
MHEEllNG. w. Va. Feb 10, II
SverIeTted daily for the INTEL &c nc
stoeks' Par. Bid. Ask l.. d.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20
Pittsburgh Stocks.

WHEELING. W W. TeI 10 L.
ths zrf.l' ttft'..rl 49, sfurt- ,orrs.fsa
aalI bE A. D. aia-t~n q Co. banEsrs
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

UNION STOCK YARDS. Pittsburgh.
req; ls.-Cattle steady. supply light.
choice. S.15 n 800, prime. $500 SIS.
sheep steady. supply light Prime
Methers. $40 - SIS, culls and commons
900 q 3.50. lambs. 5.50GS.OO
Veal calves II 50Ff . 90
Hogs steady. receipts light prrrus
neavles, $50 u 3.e5. mediums. heavy and
light workers., 9.45H $50. pigs, gOOu
9'O' pigs. 5000 $50. roughs. S25ms75.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

Tho United states Ir.rsrstF s.....
..- worth $4,000. 600 boz me- lsaf f.....i
NC TIE quantity imported -
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

-thl'Ai''. Feb. ls.-Hogs. receipts
1000, weaker. bulk OF sales SS6OM
SO light SS.b0a $50; mixed $3.50 "a
so; heavy $3.50 $50. roughs ts35Fr
$500. steady. bcevcs S7.lod 9s5: Texas
steers 1850 ~ 500; stOckers and feeders
sh.bou 80. cows and heifers s2.OH
$40, calves $50 n 1915. sheep. recairt-
10000, higher, native t4S5mSe5. year
lngs S'.S' n 80, lambs native $3.50 a.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20
WHEELING TRACTION COMPANY
EXPRESS CAR SCHEDULE
Taking Eject June Al, leoe.

PANHANDLE LINE
WHEELING AND wELLSBURG
Daily Except Sunday.
wheeling wellsburg
! Leave
22nd Street. leave
VII ceiling well~burs
O.5O a M. 500 q. m.
$50 p m 1900 noon
MOUSDSVILLE LINE
WHEELING AND MOUNDSV1LLE
Daily Except Sunday.
Leave
10Th Street Leave
wheeling Boundsville
10 90 n m. l:3O D. m
3:30 p. m.
ON lines having regular express ser
vice, shipments weighing in excess OF
nifty pounds or large bulk will not be
carried On passenger cars
ALL LINES-Daily Except Sunday
No shipments. except emergency ship
ments OF medicines. will be carried on
passenger cars between 900 and 6:iS
p. m
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

TRANSFER books close February 20 for
40 cash dividend payable March 2.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

~ .IlINb. vs.. Va Teh 10 IL
re i"I.sW ~ quotations ar the ruors
s'-lLe stocks ~ the wheeling rarEet -.
l.t.leb gaIIy Tor The trteIIiEenrer ~
$500 tiakiett sor. SchmuibsgI
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20
Baron Local Sfock.-

lD-Books close Feb. goth FOR 90.
cash dividend PAYABLE March End.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1914-02-20

and brokers' National Esch.nE. Bank
building.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
MRS. JOE PERSONS REMEDY

PHARMACY,
Electric Line Corner.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
KINsTON HAS INCUBATOR BABY

Kinston, Oct. 15.-Kinston's first in
cubator baby is ready to come out into
the open air world as soon as the doc
tors and nurses can arrange for a
suitable place to put little Kathleen
Parrott Poplin, the daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. ]. D. Poplin, of 800 East Lee
Eoir street. Baby Kathleen now re-
clines on a tiny cot in a big glass
box and plays with her pink toes and
watches the movements of the white
capped people who smile in upon her
and reulate the heat from IN electric
stove so that she may be precisely
comfortable.
Miss Kathleen PARROT, who was
named for a nurse and DR.. w. T. Par
rott who attended her, did not have
entry into this vale of sorrows under
very suspicious circumstances. The
atom of humanity would probably have
sLccumbed had it not been for the in
>cubator. Since she was placed in the
box, however, she has gained eight
ounces, and when development fairly
starts in the she will have as good a
chance as any child.
The incubator in which the baby
has been interned the past eve
weeks is a complicated arrangement,
in which warm fresh air is supplied
by a sepcial ventilating system. The
temperature is maintained the same
day and night, at an average Of 80 de-
grees. The baby has never breathed
cir cooler than SO degrees Of warmer
than SO. he air is mostened by q
special device, Little Miss KthIeen is
-a~rtiicially fed on predigested milk.
1t was the intention Of those caring
for the Poplin baby to take it to
Greene county to live for a time, that
it might have pure country air and
other advantages for successful devel-
opment, but the plans did not carry
and now they are looking about for
other suitable quarters for her tempo
rary abode.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
Hunter Pharmacy
NOTICE OF MORTGAGE SALE.

By virtue of that mortgage executed
By Henry B. Hamilton to j. l.. Orr, on
the 21st day Of September 1911, on the
hereinafter described property, to Sc
cure the sum of 100000 as evidenced
by six several notes, and being the
balance of the purchase money on the
property therein described, said mort
gage duly recorded in Book 80 at Page
257 of the Records of Mortgages for
Henderson county. And default hav-
ing been made in the payments in SAID
mortgage. Now, therefore, by virtue
Of the power conveyed to me in said
mortgage I will sell at the court
house door in the town of Henderson
vile, N. c., to the highest bidder, for
cash, On the 31st day of October 1914,
at II o'clock NJ, the following describ-
eG property, to-wit:
Beginning at a stake in the H. S.
Anderson line and South margin Of
the Pennsylvania railroad, being the
second corner of a, lot conveyed by J:
/. Crane to J. L. Orr, and runs with a
fence; thence up the center of a
branch North II IL deg. West go
feet to a stake in the center of Leslie
st.; thence with the center of said
street North 176 feet to a stake in the
rlght-of-way of the Pennsylvania rail-
road; thence with said road North
81 IL deg. East IA feet to the begin
mig. Excepting and reserving a
road Or alley on the South side of the
tract, herein conveyed for a street or
alley way to enter into said property.
This the 21st day of Sept. 1914.
9-24-4tc /, ORR Mnrtgaaea.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
HOG PENS ON ROAD OFFENSIVE.

Buncombe county has passed an or
dinance prohibiting the placing of hog
pens with 200 yards of any public
road. This is a good ordinance, ana
Cumberland county would do well to
follow suit. There is no reason why
the public highway should be made
rnsightly by having hog pens placed
beside them, leaving out the fact that
it is ~disagreeable and hurtful to the
traveller to have his olfactory organs
subjected to the foul odors.-Fayette-
vile Observer.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
FRANK DENIED NEW TRIAL.

Atlanta, Ca, Oct. 14-Leo. M. Frank,
under sentence of death for the muir
der here in April, 1913, of Marp Pha-
gan, an employe of a pencil factory of
which Frank was superintendent, to-
day was denied a new trial by the
Georgia Supreme court.
This was Franks fifth attempt to
obtain a re7trial or annulment OF the
verdict which was returned August %,
last year. He still has pending before
the state Supreme court, an appeal
from the lower courts denial of a mo-
ton to set aside the verdict on the
ground that he was not in the court
room when it was returned.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22

Article seven strikes out the present.
Article ON Revenue and Taxation and
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22

The sixth amendment merely strikes
from the Constitution certain obsolete
articles.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
PHILIPINOs TO HAVE FREEDOM.
Congress Votes to Recognize indie,
pendence When Practicable. .

WHICH TThCIIC&UAOS .
Washington.-The Philippine bill
introduced by Representative Jones.
which declares the purpose Of the
United States to recognize the indie
pendence of the islands "as soon as q
stable government can be established
there passed the house late today by
a vote of 211 to SO. 1t will not be con-
sidered in the senate at this session Of
congress.
The bill declares the policy of the
United States on recognition of the
independence of the islands in the
preamble and makes both branches of
the Philippine legislature elective by
the Filipino people, fixing the terms
of office of philippine senator's and
the resident commissioner Of the Phil
ippines in congress shall be six years.
while representatives shall serve three
years.
The of the measure is de-
clared in the preamble to enlarge the
self-government of the Fflipinos. to
define the nature of the relations be-
tween the United States and the is
lands to give qualified veto. to the
governor general and absolute veto
power to the president of the United
States over acts of the Philippine leg
islature.
All efforts to amend the principles
Of the. bill failed. Republican oppo-
nenes charged that it was uhwfse and
misleading to the Filipino people
An effort of the ministry to engraft
upon it provisions for woman sn~~a~"
and prohibition failed. Attempts to
G the naturalization of the islands
by international agreement pending
independence, and proposals to alien
the salary of the governor general.
fixed In the bill at $4,000 a year, were
f~ruitless.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
Z TINE SINGING.

An old time singing will be conduct
Ell at Oak Grove church of Oct. 18th,
beginning at 10 o'clock. Christian
Harmony and Starry Crown books will
he used. The event will be conducted
bv the Rev. J. J. Jones and r.. 2.
ZONES. The people are invited with
The request to take dinner with them.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
THE MOUNTAIN FARMER.

There may be people who live bet
ter than the well fixed farmer OF Wesl
tern North Carolina but we have fall
ed to g them. They come nearer
living at. home than any people we
have ever had the pleasure of ming
ling with.-Cherokee Scout.
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22
Remove Those FreckIeS

There is 10 more need of having freckles
or your face, arms and neck than ordinary
dirt. Just as soap removes dirt,
Wilson's FreckIe Cream
removes freckles. Here's our ifon-clad
guarantees: If WILSON'S FREcKLE
CREAM does not remove all signs Of
freckles, tan and sunburn without the
least injury to your akin, we return your
money without question or bubble. The
freckles vanish, leaving the skin soft, clear
and roseate. Exceptionally severe cases
may require two Soc jars-positively no
more. Buy a jar today and have a real COM
plexiou like other folks. You risk nothing. Will
sons Fair Skin Soap, Is cts, and Wilson's Fair
Skin Powder, so cts, are indispensable to the
toilet Order by mail If you desire.
WILSON EREcKLE CREAM CO.,
Charleston 8. G,
For sale by :
Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1914-10-22

Advertisers are not ashamed of
their goods
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
RUNAWAY BOY
Leaves a Large Fortune to His
Father.

Thayer, Mo-, April 20.-The story
of a boy who ran away from home
and died a few days ago, leaving a
fortune of 100000 for his aged
father, was revealed here today
when j. n. Noyes departed for Yer
non. Cal, to take charge of his sons
body.
Noyes was Is years old when his
mother died. His father married
again and soon after the son disap-
peared, leaving a note that he had
gone west to seek his fortune. The
father instituted a vain nation wide
search. A few days ago Mr.. Noyes
received a letter from a law firm of
Vernon apprising him of the death
of his son, who had assumed the
name of Frank l.. Henderson. Hen
derson had made a fortune in or
anges, the attorneys letter said.
A few minutes before ne died
Henderson asked that his father be
notified. According to the letter re-
ceived by Noyes, his son in 1909
married a young woman of Vernon.
who had a small fortune in her own
name. She died a few months ago.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
WEALTHY GREEK
At Omaha Sued for 81, 800 Heart
Balm.

Omaha, April 20.-George Sale
topulos, a prosperous Omaha Greek,
owner of a string of shoe shining
parlors, must pay $500 to his for
mer sweetheart, Angelike Katsura,
says the supreme court, as balm for
her hurt heart. After he became
wealthy, George sem back to Greece
for Angelike, who had grown up
with him as next door neighbors, to
come to marry him. He courted her
vigorously after her arrival, but neg
lected to mention marriage. On the
" of his departure for Greece,
with his coin, he was sued for
breach of promise. He denied he
had eve promised marriage, and in
sisted he had merely helped old
friends to come TO America. "A
promise to marriage" says the phil
osophically romantic court, need
not be in writing. 1t generally
needs favorable surroundings, a
proper time of life and the natural
inducements of association"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
TWENTY YEARS
AGO TO-DAY
Items Taken from The Daily
Leader Files

Mrs. +. N. Palmer and the twins
departed this morning for Blue
Earth City. Mimi, to visit Mrs. Pal
mer's parents.
w. Il. Stewart who has been Wis
lting at the home of his sister, Mrs.
Chas. Bingham, departed for his
home in Denver.
Three carloads of Mankato stone
have arrived for the standpipe, and
fine specimens of rock they are too,
weighing about 1900 pounds each
The neighbors of Rodney Royce OF
Badus, who has been ill, gathered
together in a bee, and with twenty
two teams put in lis acres of grain
for the disabled farmer.
The family of VIM. O'Connell OF
Orland township took their depar-
ture today for Baraboo, Wis,
where they will make their home in
the future. Mr.. O'Connell has sold
his farm and goes back to Wiscon-
sin to take charge of his fathers
farm.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
GEDDES MURDER CASE
STILL UNSOLVED-FUNERAL OF
MISS SIGNAL ONE OF THE
VICTIMS.

Geddes, April 20.-Deep mystery
still wells the killing of William H.
Menzie and Miss Blanche Signal, his
bookkeeper. whose charred bodies
were found In the ruins of the Far
mers' Elevator company office here
on Friday morning. The local au-
thorities still cling to the double
murder theory, though some circum-
stances point toward murder and
suicide with various motives sug-
gested. Those who have known the
victims intimately refuse to accept
these versions.
The county commissioners met
last night but decided to await the
action of the coroner's jury when a
large reward will be offered il the
verdict warrants it.
All rumors of a possible liason
between the murdered pair have
Quoted down. Miss Signal was car
rying most Of the burden of support
ing her widowed mother, Mrs. Alice
Signal, and her reputation has been
the best. She was engaged to be
married in June to Lawrence st.
Marie of Springfield, a jeweler. Mr..
-. Marie was in Springfield at the
time of the tragedy.
The funeral of Miss Signal was
held from the Catholic church here
in a Dlinding rainstorm. Practically
the entire community attended.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
TAX REFUND.
Sought BY Citizens Residing i'm I'm
organized Counties.

Oacoma, April 20. - Preliminary
steps have been taken before the
county commissioners here in an
important movement to secure a re-
fund of taxes amounting to between
$4,000 and SAC. 900. which 1t Is al
legged the taxing authorities of this
county illegally assessed and collect
ed. In the event that the county
commissioners refuse to make the
refund demanded, it is probable the
matter will be carried into the state
circuit court for adjustment. The
alleged Illegal taxes are said to have
peen assessed against merchants and
ranchmen in the unorganized coun-
ties bordering Lyman county and
mostly in the Rosebud reservation.
The controversy arises out OF Gus
tom where adjoining counties have
been privileged to tax an morgan
ICED county for state and judicial
purposes. In the case OF Lyman
county. however. II II claimed that
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
BUSINESS
Crop Prospects Bright But Bad
Weather flinders Buying.

New York, April 20.-Dun's re-
view says:
Adverse weather conditions accen-
tuated the prevailing quietness in
trade. Evidences of improvement
are not absent, yet progress is
checked by the backward spring.
The supply of commercial paper
continues light, Notwithstanding the
attractive terms offered by financial
institutions. Confidence in the flu
ture, however, is maintained largely
because of the splendid agricultural
outlok.
Winter wheat is in such shape
that even last years banner yield
probably will be surpassed; every
thing points to an increased cotton
acreage, while other leading crops
are starting well. Speculative in
fluences have impaired some firm
ness to prices of farm staples, but
in a broad commodities are
still tending downward.
Failures this week number 315,
against 285 last year, and 80 in Can
ada. compared with 81.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
GREAT Blizzard
CAUGHT GEN. CUSTER AND COM
MAND IN YANKTON Al YEARS
AGO TODAY.

Yankton, April 20.-Today is the
~forty-first anniversary of the big
blizzard which for a time threatened
to destroy General George A. Gus
ter and his command, the Seventh
Cavalry regiment while In camp at
Yankton.
General Custer ana his regiment
had been SEN out by the govern
ment to open a post on the upper
Missouri river and the company ar
rived at Yankion late in the after
noon of April 20, disembarked and
established a camp on a fiat north
east of Yankton. The preparations
for the first nights camp were hast
lily made and the camp was not in
condition to withstand the blizzard
which swooped down on hat sec
tion of the territory about midnight.
The storm was one of the most
terrific in the history of the state,
an impenetrable blizzard driven by
a fierce wind. The suffering in the
camp was great and but for the eff
forts of the citizens of Yankton who
carried supplies to the soldiers the
effects of the storm would have been
much worse.
General Custer, accompanied by
his wife and several ONE serv-
ants, had established his headquar-
tiers in an open, tumble down shanty
adjoining the camp. The storm con-
tinued for SO hours without abate-
ment. AT the conclusion Of the
storm The regiment was entertained
by the people of Yankton and re-
NAMED there for three weeks before
advancing up the river on the enter
price which three years later result
ed in the complete annilhilation of
the command at the battle OF Little
Big Horne.
Mrs. Custer in her book, Boots
and Saddles" devotes two chapters
to the experiences In this camp.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
NARCIssE DRAPPEAU DEAD.
Passing of an Interesting Character
i'm Trip County.

Winner, April 20.-With the pass
ing away of Narcisse Drappeau at
the home of his son, Leon Drappeau,
in Trip county, recently, the Rose
bud country has lost not only a good
citizen but one of the most interest
ing characters that helped to make
the history of the middle west, and
particularly this section. Born IN
Quebec, Can, in 1929, he came to
the United States at the age of 16
years. With the lure of the west
strong upon him, and like many or
his compatriots of the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, the desire
to blaze the nations way" he To-
Gated in 1849 at the then frontier
town of st. Louis, and for a year
was engaged in boat building at that
point, a business which the early
French Canadians were so well
adapted for and which the French
and Indians of the vicinity of Que
bee pride themselves on, especially
fashioning the birch bark canoe. In
the spring Of 1850 Drappeau, though
only 81 years of age accompanied a
party of traders and couriers du bois
on a trip up the Missouri river and
shortly afterward received an ap-
pointment as clerk to the factor of
a Hudson Bay company post in the
northwest.
He then separated from his white
companions, and was obliged to
travel many hundreds of miles
through an unknown and hostile
country in order to reach his dest-
i~nation. 1t was while on this jour
ney that he met and married Good
line, a comely young woman of the
Sioux Indian tribe.
After two years spent with the
Hudson Bay post he again entered
the employ of the government at the
military post at Fort Pierre, and at
terward for many years was connect
ed with the Sioux in a government
capacity. He was held in high es-
TEEN by the Sioux Indians. and in
his later years lived among them
with his family as a member of the
tribe.
In the days of fierce strife and bit
ter feeling between the Indians and
whites, his counsel was always for
peace with the white man and his
advice had great weight and consid-
Grafton among the Sioux.
For many years he was a resident
of Charles Mix county and was well
known to all the pioneer residents
of that country. In 1889 he moved
west of the Missouri to Sully Flats,
north of Burke, s. D., and on the
opening of Gregory county to settle
ment, he accompanied his son., Leon,
to Trip county, where he resided
at the time of his death.
Narcisse Drappeau was a descend
ant of a prominent old French fam
lily, many of whose descendants al
the present day fill positions of civil
and military trust in the mother
country, France. His father serveu
under the first Napoleon and took
part in the closing campaigns of the
Russian and Napoleonic wars.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20
BOILS AN EGG ON ICE.

Can n boil an egg on a cake
Of ice?
Certainly. All you need to
know is how to manipulate ultra
violet rays of proper angstrom
units on the egg. Be sure and
have your violet rays ultra,
though.
DIR. w. l.. Bowie at the labora-
tory of the Harvard cancer CON-
mission exposed a regular egg
and a chunk of ice to waves Of a
length of about 2.Ta0 sngstrom
units. After a time the egg was
hard boiled sure enough. and the
ice wasn't melted.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1914-04-20

Later Developments In Case of the
Man Killed at Lennon.

Aberdeen, April 20. - Later de-
velopments indicate that the dead
bandit at Lennon may not be Har-
ry Matthews, the Bellingham train
robber, but another bad man. A
letter has been found on the mans
person reading as follows:
w. w. Weinerber, in case | don't
write to you, or don't see me write
at Livingston, Mont.-Paul E.
Err, In care of Miss Mamie Dawes"
A telegram to Livingston reveal
ed the fact that Ere had been in Jail
at Wallace. Idaho. all winter, and
that he had a friend who went by
ne name of Weinerber. A tele-
gram was sent the authorities at
Butte. Mont, to see IL the dead man
was not the bandit, who committed