davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10
Enrnn0n h Aninnia

0QnDflIc, Say 9. D2oi.
Turc6 eincn Eornaoo. Der ltb ami
Gomeritda 2lbeuo in scr ltnQeaeno
ploslidl crbob miroe Gin Bfcr0 auf
cincl 9dum linouIgeidleuocrt in0
cine gln6obl Sarngcbduoc 3eritori
Ier Saum mlBtc umgeboucn NOR
ocn nm oas %icro irci5umo9cil
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10

ligt meroen lHo bieiige 9eonitcn
iebeu tcincn @run0 cin mes6alb Sic
Seiier Der 9abn ocn 9etrieb orriel.
ben nid)t mfc0er ailinebmcn ioaten
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10
Nrii6ia6rs.Gtnrm

9ltlanto, @a., 9. Ntoi 0lrch
etiruc. oie ou 0onneritog IN nc6.
rercn 5iioitnoteu tobtcn itno in W}ii.
fiiippi 3mei &erioncn ltlnocfoni.
mcu, cine glu5abl anOerer crlittcn
GerlcBungen imo an oen IeIofriidl
ten geldob Gin Shooen uon taulcu
Den bon Collars. SSn 5ito.@corqio
nno Siioy6lorioa murocn Die telcqro.
pbil@cn Gerbinouneen cutpfinOli6
9cltort. sSn SilO-@uruIiua wlrOen
bic 9oumpollcpilon5cn lmo oer jun.
&c Ntois 0urd pogeliAlog Dcrnicbtct
lmo IN oft Genneiiee oeiMab cbens
folls Ourh Sogellhlag GROCER Shas
oen in oeii 6eloern.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10

5ran 9, u, gseir,
VIZ @eit iS. sir @acblu, 90.

DYcuua 1T 9Th 6ouieiucs EoniI iiir
olc oer C8rippe foaenncu @diuddje 9Scuu
ScnernnHu cine O0er Siuei Slaiden %erl
ua baben tOluitc, ladnem Ell bic @rippc
Aatie ipiiroc er 1cDeuicu0 iriibcr gcilno
wcroen nls oics ii5lic6 it,
aGs gic6t lciiie bciierc N}eoi8u IN per
gRelt filr GrIdltHqeu inlo Grippe, aug
Ecruna Ginc Nldicbc bali mchr mial
pon einer ihliuuuen @ridfnu8 illip
@rippe Nnfall 3il hrircn ais iraeno mal
aye auDcrcr N}ittcl, Bic idj X ndGnt
llnicr 9leidIcn llmitdnogn III ote lerl'g
5unt Oc0rdudl Wlrni5in oie bslll0gfe.
lleber oieic &Raie Der 5ragc le0' 6ran
&cir:
$50 bin Hihrt nit iebr ilelneu 0ili
tiinitcu nuD mnB ieoen eslls aellan alis
ie6eii llnrr 0eiei llmla1ocn itt S9rc
l}coi8in Gin @0heseaen Fill tila Cine
Elaiaic Teuina hdi pll belier 0cbulicn.
ais cine theufr glehdnohn9 trgeHo elmer
onnercn 9Iri. EdDDn bin icb Uber3euat
qlls Spariamleite Niidiihicu ioate Ncocr
eiuc 5laidIc 4erlna im Natlic 6aben,
nSdl ipredc nus Griu6ruue.n
(Mai10l
@aiis Sur 0elig ns QuSlanb 6fIosat y
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10
lai&lldtlolrs
0anorlu.
v&atiOnOIc YrObibitiOn
in 10 SaDreu"
vSGmtis5 5alDDms2iga innl=
inelt Weloer.

SSiII ouc @cgner ocricl6cn 8m 9lus.
wonoern 5luinoen ;Srcbc 9ln.
mablruaeu Der 8ii1rer Der EEro-
/ bi6ition unO Groucnitinmrcbts-
bcmcauna. s8os Or. @. 8.
@ader in ct. 2omS Ioqt.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10
05eacn @iiroIdjaft frciacIniien.

0Ieau g. ~. 9. Nioi. Grneit
5ro6m. ipelder felt 1e3ember uuter
Der glnfIage oes Qloroes im erlten
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1914-05-10

3uo 6erongc6rouit uno i6lcuoerte
Gcioe @laocbcn bon Dem @ioouct bcr
lmtcr SSrunces murOe Ourd 0cn
Stur5 get6otct, ip1brcno I2orD nit
i6mercn @erIebnnaen 0aponfnn1.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

Der of unemployed in December last as from 50 to 70 per cent more than in the worst year since 1908.
 ] European economical experts declare that these recurring trade slumps involve an enormous economical loss which is not at all compensated for by the periods of good trade which precede and follow them. Herr Kolben says that trade prosperity and trade depression cannot De set up in opposition to one another as a good thing or a bad thing. The alter nation itself is bad; the boom is almost as bad as the slump. The two things. in Tact, cannot be separated The boom is as much against the desirable course of thing as the slump. When trade is good and the demand for labor greater than the supply. there is no gain worth men tcning. The worlsmen gain little in hlgher wages, and they lose this ill strikes. which invariaoiy occur during good trade. The manufacturer does not saili all the benefit which might result From good trade because he cannot get enough labor to meet the increa sed demand Tor his products. Hence, good trade is not fully turned to advantages; and the phase is a misnomer. Also it names in eVftable bad trade. On the other hand Tad trade is entirely an evil. The ideal Is an equable state of trade represented by straight line, and not by wave crests and wave hollows With eouable trade, factories would never run short or labor or of orders; and unemployment would be unknown
 Can "equable trade be insuredp 1'his question has of late occupied the Euro p.an economical press. The answer of inc socialists is that it could if the stat, monopolized all branches of production. In mat case over-production. the result of poems and the cause of depression. would he prevented. This, sa, the Socialists would also prevent financial panics. be- cause financial panics are mere indicators or slumps. Non-socialists reflect this so- lution, and look to International CO., operation as means of at least prevent Ing the extreme congregations of booms ana siumps A centralized system of registering all figures of production and coh sumption would tend to check over confidence and over-production; and s,omps would be impossible. The pro vision or some such statistical bureau Will probaly be the next step in the inter- standardization of the world.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

ways the forerunner of crisis In Ger many iron prices and iron consumption rose rapidly in the period before 19OS In 1Ni, the pressure of the unemployed at the lobor bureaus was lower than for rlany years before, and the bank dis count rate rose very hlgh. The year 1912 repeated all these phenomena The av- craze discount rate rose to 422 though it had not reached in any year since 1907. The iron consuption rose sud Gcnly from 270 to 316 lb a head, and the surplus of unemployed labor suddenly fell by seven per cent. By going back far enough in economical history it is shown that all years with such conditions were followed by crisis depression From that Brezigar concludes that after 1912 a by seven per cent. Bg going back far not caused by the Balkan war but has rather ben retarded by it. The Balkan war suddenly checked the over-produc- tion, put a brake on the boom in new en- tcrprises, and made manufacturers and financiers conservative. Had it not been Tor the war the insecure prosperity of 1912 would have lasted a few months longer, reached greater height and end ed in boom. The result would have been more sudden decline; and per- haps panic like that of 1907 The war saved the world from that prospect. The result of the war is that the world has to expect steady depression with "bad trade, unemployment and other dis agreeable phenomena, instead of having to expect a catastrophe crash
 Ihis diagnosis of the situation is jus tiled by conditions in Germany Austria and Russia. In these countries there is no nervousness but there is a far-reach- ing slump, and the expectation of a great er slump. Germany first registered the slump. Over a year ago, in December nf .I.~x-r higher than they had been for several years. During all 1913 the figures were exceptionally high. In one industrial group where, in the first three quarters or l9l2f there were 4 per cent of unem- pioyed there have been in 1913 S.7 per cent. Unemployment in all the labor unions which registered at the statistical office is between 60 and 100 per cent high CT than in 1912. The unemployment ques- ton is revised, and is just now the sub- Ject Is embittered debates in the Reich stag. Berlin has already S0.O00 out of work. Prof. Freund, president of the league against unemployment. estimates that in the whole Empire there are 800, 900 out of work.
 Russia and Austria Hungary show con- ditions nearly as bad. Until lately Rus sia was boasting of unexampled prosper it:', She had three good harvests in suc- ccssion. In the last few months there has been set back. This set back has particularly injured the metallurgical and and the cotton industries. The late mayor of Moscow says that 5000 unem- pioyed lately left the city, and returned to their villages. The cotton manufac- turers predict that the output this year will fall from 20 to 90 per cent. The view of the president of the Society of South ern Metallurical companies is that We are in sight of aeperiod of bad trade for 13 years" The Austrian reaction shows itself mainly in an increase of unemploy- msnt Vienna newspapers put the num-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

@-ra8 continents, are on the eve ot GxHay first rate made depression which may beat for severity and dura tion the world-slumps of 19Oa and 1908, is the view that is being daily expressed by Europe's best authorities, by ministers bankers, manufacturers, exporters and ecnomical experts. These ministers bankers, and experts are warning the manufacturers and exporters against plunging into big enterprises; as the world, they say, is suffering from over productions; and only by a sharp reduc- tion in economical activity can equilibrium be restored. The soundness of these fore casts is proved by the fact that they were first made not after there was an actual decline in industrial activity; some of them were made more than a year ago, at a time when prosperity seemed as- sured. They were made because 1912 showed all the signs of being pre- slump year, and because the prosperity of the four years period, 1909-19l2, had begun to take the character which al- ways adumbrates a quick and serious de- cline.
 Bad trade was first of all predicted and first of all felt in central and east Europe notably in Germany, Austria Hungary, and Russia. Herr von Havenstein, pres ident of the German Imperial Bank, nine months ago warned against expansion of credit In view of the coming slump, and the president of the Austrian State Bank issued the same warning. Both were ac- cused of pessimism, bat today the other state officials and nearly all private ex- ports admit they were right. In Decem- Der, Germany's state Secretary for the Treasury in a speech Introducing the es- inmates reported general trade depress- ion, the growth of which is retarded somewhat by the unusually good German harvest of 1913. Russias Minister of Commerce, M. Timasheff, makes the same statement. In reply to a deputation from the South Russian ironworks, he said that marked depression was drawing near Western Europe, said Timasheff, had not woke up to this fact because central and east Europe would be first and worst af- fected. In Berlin, Dr. Rathenau, chair man of the General Electricity company, one of the greatest corporations in Europe and introducer into Germany of E6ison's inventions, states that pros- perity is declining. He predicts that there will be bad trade, but no crisis or panic. These views conflict with the rosy views expressed last spring by David Lloyd George. and by the ministers Of finance in Italy and in the late Barthou cabinet in France. All these three ministers staked their reputation on a continuance of prosperity. The reason was that west ern Europe showed then no signs of de- presson, whereas there were plentiful signs in eastern Europe. It is now ad- mitted that the depression wave is spread ing west, and that no part of Europe will escape.
 Experts say that the United States is
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29
MT Gdden, assistant of mines Mr. Carpenter

Very few of the women are beautiful, and they all look dirty and rather re- pulsive. They start carrying loads while they are children, and I see girls only as tall as my waist with babies strapped to their backs. The people are very strong. and the men can carry enormous weights up hill and down. Their chief strength is in their backs and their loins. They are weak as to their arms and have to get under a load in order to carry it. saw eight of them trying to move a piano. They would not raise it with their hands, but tied ropes to the legs and then pulled on the ropes over their shoulders until they wereable to lift the piano to their backs. After that they trotted on up the hill.
 Cerro de Pasco has plaza. about which the chief buildings face There is a church at one side, and as | went through l saw here 15O llamas lying down on the stones and resting Each beast had package of ore strapped to his back; they had probably come in from the mines and were on their way to the smelter. They will carry mer- chandise 10 the homes of their owners AS | looked some of the llamas got un They rest very much like camels, put ting their knees under them and sit ting flat on their bellies The most of tic pcdSlS were cHeW1nS thelF cudS, and l could see their jaws moving back and forth, showing the teeth. Somt. of the llamas were as white as snow others were brown. and some were black, brown and white and yellow. be- Ing spotted like calico pony The ani- mals look somewhat like an ostrich They are as observing as a fox terror and turn their heads this way and that for every new thing in sight. Their wool looks like that of the Angora goat, but It Is coarser. It is used chiefly by the natives, and is not exported
 Taking ponies in company with MT. J. T. Glidden, the assistant superinten- dent of the Cerro de Pasco mines, I rode through the city, visiting the out sklrts and some of the native mines Cerro de Pasco is situated on a grxat shell Of rock, from beneath which sev- eral hundred millions of dollars worth Of silver and vast fortunes in copper nave been taken and from where they are taking millions more now The streets and back yards are honey- combed with mine holes, many of which belong to the natives. The Americans have bought what they could, but some Of the miners would not sell. They keep on burrowing away taking out the ore by old-fashioned methods and carving it to the surface in rawhide sacks, laced together with thongs. There are mines
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29
Some Americans who live feet above the sea and like it.

two of the doctors are Canadians. The head of the company hotel at Cerro de Pasco is MT Tocci, on Italian, and the manager of the hotel at the shelter seven miles off, is Mormon, MT. Spills City. Mr. Salisbury is a stra wberry blonde, with hair of bright red. The natives find his name hard to pro- nounce, and so they call him "El Gringo Rubio. which means the Red Gringo The manager of tine mines is MT. W. J. Hamilton, who made a reputation in the far west, and who is said to receive here a salary two-thirds as large as that of President Wilson All of these men are we'll paid They are employed con- tracts of two years, and it's costs $3o0 or more to pay their travelling expenses from the United States to the mines.
 Many of these foreign employees have their wives and families with them and so far have not met one man or woman who is not pleased with his or her lot The company does everything it can to make life agreeable and the people live almost as well as at home.
 In the first place, both the smelter and the mines have hotels built of stone, with bath rooms and all modern conveniences, put ur for the employees who are. bachelors. They get room and podiu ioi 9Ao per iHoHin. ne ildii leu employees have omfortable stone cot tages, and they can buy their foreign supplies at the comnany store. At both La Fundicitn and Cerro de Pasco there are club houses, with libraries and read ing rooms supplied with the latest magazines and papers, and also bowling alleys. billiard halls and rooms for en- tertainments and dances. They have tennis courts, where they play match es, and baseball grounds. where the shelter employees sometimes contest with those of the mines on the diamond. In ad- dition to this there are pony riding into the country and excursions to the trop- ical valleys. The foreign settlement has creditable monthly ma gazine the Inca Chronicle. edited by A. F. Swan son. which las the distinction of being published nearer heaven than any other periodical on earth It has also hos
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

responsible for the decline They re- 5ect the current doctrine that the Balkan war played the chief part. They deny even that the Balkan war was mainly responsible for the fall in stock exchange quotations, although the decline started simultaneously with the war The se- curities fall, they say, was merely an an- ticipation of the trade depression, just as the drop in stock prices in 1900 and 1907 anticipated the depressed trade of the following years.
 According to Baron Bilinsky, who has been several times Austrian Finance Minister and is an expert on trade <and france, the depression was due to come, war or no war, and therefore, the fall in securities was inevitable. Bilinsky in- dicates that war does not necessarily send down, or keep down, stocks. In the second half of 1904 when the Russo-Jap- anese war was at its height stocks rapid ly rose, while the worst stock fall on rec ord took place in 1907 during profound peace. War, says Bilinsky, may send down the securities of the states engaged ard it may accelerate or precipitate fall in the securities of other states but it does not cause such a fall. "The real cause is the condition of trade, and the coming condition, for if once over-pro- duction has occurred and made a slump inevitable. a warning Tall in stocks is certain to come" According to Herr Koben, director of one of the largest manufacturing corporations, this means that America has induced the slump, be- cause America has begun entirely to dom mate Europe both in industry and finance. ces
 American conditions,' says Herr Kol- sets the economic tone. American stocks conditions that neither wars nor revo- lutions nor local European panics count
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

for much in comparison" To prove this doctrine he publishes tables of dates, stock prices, and productions in iron and textiles. These show how tamely Europe has followed America The most strlk- ing example, is the financial and indus trial slump which followed after 1907, though the 1907 financial panic was ex- clusively an American affair. "One has only to read the financial pages of our, or the German, and even of French and English newspapers, to see that America In countries which have high tariffs and first rise and fall. They fell down deep Tn June 1913. and the world followed, they rose and the worlds S stocks rose; they be- gan to fall again in September and the world followed; and next began some weeks Of unparalleled stagnation in Wall Street, after which followed almost par aileled stagnation European bourses The reports of a decline in Steel Trust orders, and the cutting of prices was fol- lowed immediately by the same pheno- mena in most countries on this side, even features which have in the past pre- art thus protected from American com petition. This economical subservience to America is inevitable, because among the worlds developed nations America has the largest agglonieration of produce ing and consuming humanity"
 pr. Emil Brezigar has just published at Berlin book entitled "Heralds of the coming Economical Crisis" in which he shows that the year 1912 presented all the figures, and exaggerated output of iron ceeded periods of depression and crisis. The world in 1912 was in precisely the same condition as in 190O and 1907 All three years Were years of unusually good trade dear money, low unemployment figures. and exaggerated output of iron Asudden jump upwards in iron production consumption, and prices. Is almost al-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29
U'versa1 Trade Slump Seen By European Authorities

YN BERLIN, March 8-(Special) D Europe, and probably the other
 continents, are on the eve of EY first rate made depression
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

other of brick. The rent is a nominal one of 50 cents per month This is charged in order to keep hold of the prop erty, for if it were furnished rent free the native would think he owned it and would sue the company on the slightest pretext.
 The foreign colony here is quite as in- teresting as that of the native. Here at distance of more than 300 miles south Of the United States, almost three miles above the sea, is an American industrial center. l call 1t American, for it is run by American money; but. in fact, the foreign employees come from all over the world. We have Australians, Germans, Austrians, Irish and Danes. We nave graduates of the Boston Tech, of McGill college in Canada and of the leading universities of Germany, and. in short. the experts of a half dozen different na- tions. The manager of the mines and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

Mayo valley. as well as to Oroya, which is situated 75 miles from here at the other end of the Cerro de Pasco road The freight supplied by these mines is the chief support of the Central rail- way which comes over the mountains to Oroyo; and in fact the mines have added largely to the prosperity of all Peru. Much of the millions of Ne orig nal purchase went to Lima, and the present outlay affects many people.
 The American company pays higher wages than any other institution in the republic and it works it's men on shorter time. At present the working day is eight hours; and the ordinary wage for natives is about D cents per day. 1t ranges from that up to 500 per month. which is the amount paid to some of the Peruvian firemen.
 In addition the company is building homes for it's native employees. It has two classes of houses. one of adobe and an
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

WANT to give you some pii lures of Corro de Pasco. Il
 highest mining town of Il
 world. 1t is situated here in u
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29
Business Reason

Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph
 An old colored man. charged with steal ing chicgens was arraigned in court, and was incriminating himself when the Judge said: You ought to have law yer. Where's your lawyer?'
 An ain't got no lawyer Jedge" said the old man.
 very well, then," said his honor, "I'll assign a lawyer to defend you"
 oh' no, suh; no, suh! Please don't do dat' the darkey begged.
 Why not?" asked the Judge Tt won't cost you anything. Why don't you want lawyer?"
 Well, Jedge. Ah'll tell you. suh," said the old man, waving his tattered old hat confidentially. Hits jest dis way--Ah wan tuh enjoy dem chickens mahselfi'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29
Wouldn't Be Discharged
I the New York Clobe

From the New York Globe <'7Ff1fa
 Maggie said the inexperienced young thing to the cook, 'the biscuits were a sight. If you can't do better. next time l will have to discharge you''
 'sYe will will ye? I'll have ve r,o- mum. that I've been workin' out for fyc years, an I've worked fer ss av the best families in town. an ain't ever bin dis- charged yet I'm lavin' this afthernoon for better place."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-03-29

Of this kind In the midst of the houses, with people living so close that a baby crawling out of doors might fall into a mine and stay there until one of the In- dians brought up a load. Here and there are the remains of the great mines of the past. There have been frequent cave ins, and if the buildings had anything like the weight of our houses, it, is probable that the whole town wo,f1tl drop down into the mining excavations below.
 Today the prosperity of Cerro de Pasco, and indeed. of this whole mining region is dependent upon American capital The Americans have already paid out millions and they are now spending thousands of dollars month for wages and native supplies. They are employing 5000 or 10-. 900 people; and the money they spend goes from here out to the villages of the high Andes and down into the Chaucho