Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1914-10-07
PEACE DAY.
SUNDAY SO OBSERVED IN
CHURCHES OF ELLSWORTH.
ADDRESS BY Eek CHIEF JUSTICE EMERY
AT UNION SERVICE AT UNITARIAN
CHURCH IN THE EVENING.

churches OF Ellsworth, in accordance with
the proclamation of President Wilson,
asking the prayers of the people OF the
United States on that day for the early
restoration of peace in Europe.
AT all the churches in the morning,
peace sermons were preached by the pas
toss, and collections were taken for the aid
OF the Red Gross work in Europe.
In the evening there was a union service
at the Unitarian church, addressed by ex-
Chief-Justice L. A. Emery. This grew
out OF an arrangement for an evening ser
vice made by Rev. J. w. Tickle, pastor OF
the Unitarian church, to be addressed by
Judge Emery. The pastors OF the other
churches, in the spirit Of unity in this
great cause for peace, saw the oppor-
tunity, and entered heartily into the plan,
cancelIing services at their own churches
and making the evening meeting union
service. Mr.. Tickle was assisted in the
services, therefore, by Revs. P. A. A.
Killam, K. B. Mathews and T. B. Ross.
The church was well filled. The choirs Of
the Baptist and Unitarian churches united
in singing. Miss Sophie Walker sang a
solo and also response to the prayer.
The collection taken at this service was
also for the Red Cross work.
JUDGE EMERY's ADDRESS.
Judge Emery's statement of the causes
and aspects Of the war in Europe, was, in
brief, somewhat as follows.
"After the final downfall OF Napoleon
and his exile to st. Helena, the then five
tria, Prussia, France and Great Britain
held the famous Congress OF Vienna, and,
as they supposed, settled the status Of
Europe so that there should be a perma-
nent "balance of power; no one country
to be allowed to become 30 powerful as to
epdanger the peace OF the others. While
not party to the arrangement, the Otto
man empire was allowed to retain it's
Balkan provinces Of Bulgaria, Servia,
Bosnia, Herzegovina, etc.
"Fhe five Powers named for some time
acted in concert, and many European
questions were settled by them in what
was called the Concert of Europe.
Among these questions were the relations
of Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg and
Switzerland, whose independence and
neutrality were guaranteed by all the
Great Powers, as the FIVE were called.
when, afterward, with the aid of
Russia, the Balkan provinces OF Turkey
revoited, the Powers in congress at Berlin
arranged for Bulgaria and Servia to be
Sudapopaapt Linudo,,,s aud for Qnar;a
and Herzegovina to be administered by
Austria Hungary. These countries were
SO situated as to bar the access Of Austria
Hungary and Russia to the AEGEAN sea,
which both count ries ardently desired to
reach.
"This rivalry between Austr ia Hungary
and Russia on the one hand, and the
on the other, induced close alliance for
offepse and defense between Germany and
Austria. Italy, which had become united
at last despite French opposition, and
which was jealous Of the French occu-
patton of northern Africa, joined the aiii-
ance, which thus became known as the
cripple Alliance. To guard themselves
against the possible dangers to them from
this Triple Alliance, Great Britain, France
and Russia entered into an arrangement
for mutual defence, known as the "Triple
Entente".
s'Such was the political and military
situation when, in 1908, Austria Hungary
annexed, as an integral part Of its do
minions, the provinces Of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, despite the protests of most
of their inha bitants and of Russia and
Servia. Germany stood by her ally, and
the other Powers acquiesced rather than
precipitate q war. Austria declared this
annexation necessary for the proper safe
guarding OF life and property in those
provinces.
"But there were other influences to be
reckoned with. These provinces, as also
Servia, Montenegro and Bulgaria, were
largely inhabited by slavs, members of
a numerous and proud race. They looked
upon Russia, with its hundred million
Slavs, as their natural protector. Re-
ligion, also, was Of potent influence.
Many, if not most of the inhabitants,
were devoted adherents of the Greek
church, so-called, which was the state
church of Russia.
''Such being the situation and such the
influences, the Austrian crown prince
was assassinated in the capital OF Bosnia
by Ssryian, who declared he was seat to
commit the deed by Seryian propaganda
organized to promote instructions by the
Slavs in several Austrian districts.
Austria at once made demands on Servia
to extirpate that propaganda and to allow
Austrian officials to take part in the pro-
ceedings. This latter demand Servia re-
fused, as direct invasion Of her
sovereignty and independence. Austria
then began the march of her troops, and
the war was on.
"rhe government and people OF Russia
were alarmed for their interests in the
Balkan states, and felt they could not sit
quiet and see Austria absorb another
Balkan state composed OF their brother