Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1914-12-23

F''fVN' III NfHt'fH WI W HNluIl
suspected the existence Of this nation
which ranks second among the Slhv,
the Ruthenlnns have been moved Ia Il
more prominent place In European
politics lately. their future destiny be.
ing one OF the main causes ~ N,
present war.
OF The 10000. GEO I.utlIenIans. more
properly called Ukralnlnus. about a.
| 000. 000 live In enatern Galicia, and
half q million In upper Hungary
whereas more than $1,000. 600 are M
home IN southern nuesla. In the fer
tile plains stretching from both banks
Of the Dnleper 10 the Don and the
Black sea. ~ far back ns the tenth
century Ukrninia was q mighty coun-
Try. and ils capital. Kicv. then was the
largest, wcnlthieat and most advanced
city IN eastern Europe. In those days
western Europe fully realized the Tx
fnlninH rulers power. foreign rulers
sought their friendship. Prince Vo-
lodymir Monomaeh was married 10
llarold's the Saxon king Of England
daughter, Gytha, and his daughter,
Anne. became queen of France. After
the destruction Of their fnurishing
country by the invading Tartars, tho
kfnlnlanH came under Lithuanian, po-
liEh and finniiy Russian domination.
DenaiIonaiizcsl Them.
iilsHla was quick 10 realize that,
were the national civilization of such
"a large population occupying the most
fertile parts OF the empire allowed TO
subsIst. this would ever be source OF
danger for herself II was, therefore,
decided 10 denationalIze the tkfalni-
ans and drastic and INSCRIPTIONS were
the methods applied 10 this end. The
very existence OF the nation was de-
MED, the language was snmmarily de-
creed TO be the "l.ittlr Russian dia-
lect." ana was prohibited In schools
and official llfe Not content with
this. official Rusfia prohibited The
printing of ukrnihinn texts even Of
prayer hooks.
The total suppression OF national
existence which threatened the Tx
rainians wax happily aycrted when a
fraction OF them came under AustrIa's
rule as q COINCIDENCE of PoInnd's par
titlon. With the constitutional free
dom granted by Austrin. the ukraln-
Inns In that country were enabled 10
maintain and develop thoir national
exiaicnce and culture. tkrainlan
schools and colleges were founded be-
NtAt7 fffiHN iNtftfftfl tltllfN VI UFNUtli~
lions for UNFOLDING the peoples econ
omic and ideal interests. Ukrainian
was officially recognized as the conn
try's language. and acts were passed
In local county councils and parlla-
ment safeguarding ukralnnn rights.
The people were inangurating u ma
tinnal renaissance. their culture and
literature were once more going
ahead, the Austrian government. wen
approaching the situation. had agreed
last year TO the establishment of an
ukrainan university nj Lemburg.
Yoke Unbcarnblc.
The national resurrection of the
ukrainans, though materially con-
fined TO Austria. had a moral effect
far beyond the Russian borders. Com
pairing their lot with their happier
fellow countrymen in Austria, the Tx
ralnians In Russia gave signs OF
unrest. and Russia had TO realize that
her yoke was unhearable.
The ukrainian aspirations were not
passed unnotieed by the watchful
Russian officials. who quickly per-
celved that a new threat was arising
to their governments despotism ma
tionnlly enlightened ukrainians would
not willingly submit 70 Russian OPP
pressve rule and would even attempt |
TO free themselves.
Official Russia then declared that |
the annexation of Galicia was the SAT- |
est course TO take in order TO offset !
the threatening danger. When this
would be achieved. The tlme-honored |
Russian Ia Cosaaue" methods would |
nip in the bud the resurrecting uk-
culture. These official Rus
sian viaws were disseminated in PEE
riodlcals and at public meetings. AS
long AS powerful Austria stood in
he way such theories could be adj
vance In speech and print. hut they
'olld not be put into practice. Since
by violence wae not pos
sibie. one had to resort to other
means.
ulralniun Resistance.
The lkrainian renaissance was
declared by official Rtlssla 10 be hut
/ malicious invention Of the Austrian
government, nay. the very existence
II the Ukrninians IN Galieia was flat-
y denied and the ukrainians were de-
'cribed by Petersburg az Hugslans
lfothera who were subject to utterly
Religious and national OPP
PRESTON The Petersburg government
fave It's financial support to the re-
'ently launched tItussian- GaIician So
'ietN" and "Slav benevolent society"
10th inspired by Count Bibrinski with
he sole object of promoting Russian
agitation in Galicia. In this
ampaign. which started both on ed
lcational and religious lines, the chief
russian weapon was the ,rublc.
At first tialicia was flooded by RUS
ian einissarles. these agents provo
ateurs' were entrusted with the
disaffection mission" Of the poorer
lass on peasants who were 10 be
free hand In the partition
( the dominial estates and the rob-
ing Of the lows. since the ear would
ave conquered the country. Numbers
these poor peasants children were
iken 20 Russia. there to he educated
! converts to be III aaitators for the
russian Othodox church tthc ukrain-
ms in Galicia are members of the
'oman Catholic church, though tbsy Y
ave retained Greek rites) once their /.
Iitteation completed the students"
ere sent back To Calicia with suffi-
ent funds ana with orders to agltate I
nd also act as military Spies MS the y
In Marmaros Szigefh and !
emherg have amply dlsclosed.l
Conditions Made Easier.
Free boarding schools for poor
aasants' sons were founded with !
ussian funds. the educational work
Aing carried on in accordance with
usslan aims. Gaiicia was flooded
It'll Russian anti-Austria literature, II
lie prayer books containing prayers I
II the ear and the Russian henefac
rs gave all these good things free,
ithout wanting anything In return. n