The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-09-08


The crop of 1919 is estimated ut
100000 bales OF 500 pounds each.
this amount being exceeded by tho
crops OF 1910 and 1912
Owing to the fact that Irrigation is
used almost exclusively in the grow
ing OF cotton in Egypt. any disar-
rangement in the supply OF water
seriously affects the production os
cotton in the country The crop Of
1913 had a good start. bat later in
the season many complaints We're
heard about the shortage of water for
irrigation purposes, and there was
great apprehension lest serious dam
age would result from insufficient ir-
rigation. Fortunately the damage
from thns cause was comparatively
small and the quality of the .iber.
which is greatly affected by lack OF
sufficient moisture. was about nor
| NAL
Cotton Is the money crop Of Egypt
| this staple furnishing the money 10
pay the balance Of trade in inter
| national commerce. An increase in
| the production, accordingly. Is one
| of the most important questions be
fore the country. in view Of he fact
| that agriculture depends entirely
'pon irrigation, various projects for
IT, nding the irrigated area have
xq,o 'iven great consideration.
=, ~itz SchanZ. delegate o. the
Gem s,s lonial Econ9mic Commit
ferences held in Egypt during he
Autumn Of 1912, has written / com
| prehensiVe treatise on cotton III
Egypt. This article appears in the
| official report Cf the Ninth interna-
tional Congress of Delegated Repre-
| sentatives Of Master Cotton SPIN
ners' and Manufacturers Associations
held at Scheveningen in Holland. Mr..
| Schanz has gone into the history II
the plant in Egypt, the Egyptian
methods of farming. the system OF
land tenure, and many other condi-
tions relative to this staple. present
ing much information Of interest on
| the subject.
The production Of cotton in the
Russian empire is confined TO its
Asiatic provinces in Turkestan and
TransC Caucasia, although some eX-
periments have been made 10 grow
the staple in the European provinces
Of the country bordering on the
Black Sea
The estimated production Of cotton
5 from the crop Of 1913 is 1908 32s
bales of 500 pounds each. compared
| with 1882 bales from the crop OF
1912. OF the total for 1913 Turke-
stan contributed SSS408 bales anu
Trans Caucasia 115920 bales. Fer
| ghana produced more than one Ia II
the total for the country, the otlrrr
F Central Asiatic provinces contributing Z
, being EOkhara, Samarkand, Trans
, Caspia, Syr-Daria, and Khi:a. The
! soil and climate Of these provinces
/ are well adapted to the cultivation OF
cotton. The summers are hot and
, long and the winters mild. As there
is scarcely any rainfall during the
growing season, irrigation is neces-
sary. Any eXtensOn of the cotton
: growing area depends almost entire
iy upon the construction and exten-
, sion of irrigation plants. About one.
= half of the requirements of the Rus
= sian mills is supplied by Russian cot
, ton. Efforts are beng made to in
: crease the production and number
:, of new irrigation projects are under
t construction. Some are nearing
completion. while in other sections
= plans are being prepared for the re-
t clarnation of large areas.
l China.
g Cotton is produced extensively ir
y many sections Of China, but no az
f curate data as TO the total amour
: are available The greater portion !.
/ consumed locally in the homes O.
I the people. the quantity thus consum
= ed being largely a matter Of conjec
e ture. The Ministry of Agriculture O
= the Republic of China has estimated
2 the annual production Of cotton il
= that country for the crops Of 1909
. 1910, and 1911 at 4.181. .333 bales o.
e | 500 pounds each, while the crops o
= 1912 has been estimated BY another
0 | source at 5.333.00 bales. As indi
< Gated above, however, these estimate.
/ are largely conieCtural 1t is GER
e tain there has been q tendency. al
: least in some sections. to increase ths
n production, as the~suppression of ths
S trade in opium has made land form
= erly devoted to the cultivation Of the
r poppy available for other crops. An.
S other influence tending to inCreass
t | the production has been the higf
, price OF the staple and the conseauen
e demand from other countries for thi:
e product.
0 Reliable data as to the Quantiie.
n | Of Chinese cotton exported and uSes
O in the Chinese mills are available
). | These amounts for the crop OF 191
: however. will not be determined unit