davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

Increase Size of Our Army and Macy
p D 0, Says Charles J. Bonaparte
Enough Trained Soldiers to
Should Spend Enough Money
Country From Belgum's Fate

large army" Tho dispute Ia whether We
shall have an army 80 small as to be IN
adequate for our protection or an army
which, although small even very small
for a country OF our population, area and
resources, shall yet he large enough to do
for us what we need an army TO do
How U. =. Army Compares.
In this matter of size everything Ia
relative. A pair OF pants quite large
enough for a boy Of s would be neither
useful nor ornamental for n man Of 96 ;
and an army OF ample size for Cuba or
Costa Rica or Ecuador IS altogether too
little for the needs ~ Uncle sam. y
probably better understanding Of the sit
uttion. therefore. can no obtained by n
comparison Of our military establishment
with that of a third rate Power which is
also a democratic republic.
Switzerland modified her army In the
early days OF last August to protect her
neutrality from violation and her terri
tory from invasion, fearing the fate which
has befallen Belgium. She placed upon
her frontiers. or in immediate supper. Of
troops 80 placed, 80 Far AZ = now known.
approximately three hundred thousand
well drilled. well organized and we'll
equipped troops within somc ter days.
with!n the same time. or period twice
or -hrice as long. the United states could
no, now get together one-third as many
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
'o07MEN- K-11'f-- l'2eh

troops OF the like quality Many persons
who speak with more or l"Ss knowledge
OF the facts believe We could not now Put
in the aeld within ten Or 'wonty Or even
thirty days 10000 men 80 Differed, dis
clplined, armed and equipped az 10 be
capable OF meeting on equal terms the
troops OF any ono 81 the great military
Powers
Now II am correctly informed none
OF those who think. 40 ! certainly think.
that mis- situation Is alarming and should
De promptly remedied have sugg astcd a
larger field force 20 he maintained by the
United States than what Switzerland thus
put under arms last summer. Sw't2er-
land has probably a little lets than per
cent OF our population Consequently so
far Rs the question OF a suitable army for
If Is one Of mere ai2e. "" have % decide
whether An army propor',uuatrly on"-
twentv-Hf'h part ~ that maintained hy
switzerland to protect her independence,
territorial integrity and uaiiOua, honor is
too heavy a burden for ~ 20 sustain az
safeguard for the Independence the terri
torial integrity ana the national honor Of
the United states. We may put this ques-
ton moro intel gently hv asking n we
believe that tho American citizen has a
'wenty-tfth part OF the patriotism. courage
and spirit % solf-sacrfice expected, and
eNpected with reason, Of n French citizen.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
BULLET PHONES IT'S PRESENCE.
Surgeons Have New Method of
Localixing Foreign BODY.

LocaIiying Foreign BODY.
LONDON, Dec. 1s.--ons OF the romantic
touches In modern surgery which the OK
irencies OF the present war have intro
duced Is a method OF detecting bullets and
fragments OF shell in the human body by
means OF telephone This method is
employed In special cases In one OF the
large London hospitals.
To telephone receiver two short
lengths % wire are attached. one OF
these ends In a small piece OF platinum.
this 's placed upon any part OF the pa
TENTS skin which mas hesu moist Nc!
with sal, water. The other end ~ the
wire terminates IN thread OF antlseptic
silver, and this IL bound around the sur
geons probe or lancet or other instrument
The surgeon then places the receiver 70
his ear and makes the incision.
The irstRn, the instrument touches the
bullet n very distinct rattle IL heard
quito different from the S1,nt 11urDur aU'
dible as the instrument merely cute
through the flesh, and In this way when
X-rays fail. as they sometime. do. the
foreign substance IL localized
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27


ourselves so unaTm"i ana heFe' 2re 80
Htlehet'"ss thd' - $50 ~ our NehHh'ss
may render us su'h'ien'lF puN'''nlrnous
20 'n'Nr" any ontr'E'' resent n" Insult
ara DE- aroused by h" nro'oc"aon
THOSE VINO reel as 40 ana neneVe
these inc!ude the immense majority OF
Americana think mat neither peace nor
country would be worth tho having on
euoh t"I'int Ana moreover that sup
posed help'essneSs nnd reputation for
on"arf'cr on our part would graVelr en-
danger peace. instead ~ tendins 20 assure
g.
George Washington IN MS Arst spcech
70 Congress after nj reelection 20 the
Presidency said
IF we wish peace II must be known
that We aye ut Al ''mes reH ly for var
some persona may perhaps have re-
Gently tod us, I'm substance, the contrary.
Whshlrgfor's words who has mad "A terth
par '' MS opportunities q" FORM = sound
'u"F"'I,, on sue" Vu'S'l"h' WI" mas
r'hle'''u Hih"reH'u par %, MS s'tE''es
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
No Need for United States
To Fear Any Nation at War
John D. Long Believes We Should Not Immediately In
crease Our Forces Armament Because Of the European
misunderstanding Nations Will Become Bankrupt


our heads and getting panic stricken
over the European situation So far
from its operating as a stimulus or
warning TO us 20 increase in1medi-
ately and abnomally our forces and
armament. the argument to my mind
runs the other way.
All the nations whose antagonism
would menace US in case any such
antagonsm should arise, will come
out Of the present CONFUSION ex-
hausted and bankrupt and with a
pretty keen appreciation that years
OF peace are vital to their recupers-
ton.
HrNuftAM. Mass, December 20. 1914.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

We feel that the question Is 40 broad
that on making with sufficient support
20 Congress our demand that the people
should know exact conditions and that
the problem should be solved by !nvestl-
cation Iau research Congress on ia
part. VIII. with tho aid Of the presi-
dent. appoint a comm, sion which Will
fully cover the entire matter.
We nope this viii ne done without
partlsansllip, AZ We believe that no party
in FREQ from blame FOR any wrongful
conditions and that whom the facts are
clear we can rely upon AN equal degree
of patriotism from all our representa-
tives.
u is anticipated that this work can
not he done either 10y our committees or
hy Congress puicNly. that question of
such f." itacni.g rW rs must hr APP
upa,nci s,o"!,. .rd ~r feel that now.
Wnu u,pu'l' ,ut'.,ft is .uo1srG, .s tine
proper 'lm. tn uvgip the work
4 l, hes done Wiir diguity ava lie ID
GRAFTON - can hu, gain for MS 70" =. spr II
/ of thu.r nations which adj ~ Ike means
~ n""tinp th"i" own difficulties, and
there is no reason why any Power should
feel us less able 20 aid the arbitramen,
OF any question of war because we are
Studying the problems Of defence
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

lance and at targets
one-third the size OF
spanish cruisers we
would make NJ least
so per cent. Of hts
our navy was un-
prepared In 1897. but
a lesson learned IN
the Spanish war has
resulted IN the
building N a navy.
which. though third
IN rank in the navies
OF the world. Yet In
efficiency - ship for
ship and gun for gun
is unIuest!onably
equal TO IN" navies
Of any OF the worlds
Powers
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

probably will con-
tinue. and certainly II
ought TO continue.
until public opinion
shall be thoroughly
informed on these
subjects and thor
oughly impressed
with their great
practical Importance
and urgency. And
7 think further that
4 Ii the duty OF
every good citizen
and every patriot to
form and express an
Intelligent, we'll con-
sidered personal opin =
ION % his own re-
ga rding them. 40 as
~ do lite mart To-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

ones mind of certain wholly misleading
ideas which have been more or less art
fully suggested in this connection OF late
by public men or newspapers opposed 20
any strengthening OF our national de-
fences and for the most part no less
opposed to any enlightenment, OF the pub
lie az TO their present condition or need
OF strengthening
Thus we are told frequently and on
high authority that we do not need n
large army In time OF peace" This II
true enough, ana 80 far as ! know no
body proposes that We shall have "a
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

OK
c,,,,1 ~. ,r,sl.3 r.s,-, 3. ro,o' cd rs
a., en-ce,,.-.s u. should "a. r., , ,n..t'n,,
.,f -. p,-,...s. ,.,..'. low ..,.,..,.,.'. M
Tinted .,,r',., Of .,..r,I-r,y t,.,.r,-i
.,n.,,,. ...,,j -. s,,t ..-.s. t1s A,Ig,,,ir
a,,i, = rs ~ r,o,.r, ,,,~.. ..,', ~
,atne1 hero and ~. soa remained oven.
,,bi,o ,.n r,.-n ,-,trc - ,,,rt, o,,. ,cl.p'
-" ,,.,' .',,.,,.,.. r.D.as. s"..-......
-, .',s.,,-.,y 80 ,-,,,,,,'1 - $40
o,'- ,,,,..'. ,,,.,,,.-,. "s,',,.t,s.',....,
n'.Ir,v .r.J,r,.,.n- ~, say.prl,rd ON, -
.,.i ..,,,'.
w.. r.,, .r,, @ .,.,, ",,.-,,s= .,-.. ,....
D.. ,,.,...., ~, 49,. ,,.,'..., ',,
.,,. s,,,,.,s,., -,.-.- 80 ,t.,,,.. -,,o..,,r
.,,,..'. , '''''' '''.
.,'... ''M ..
,, ',,'' 90 .''
w.. - 49," ''. 90. ''N.'
~ - 49, .H 'S' '.,"s our Ni-
.".'' - '.'h 30 va ~ nun i'"u wars
TX, ,N d -''S,' rN zen lu'" Il was ,Nt'r'a' Y
.n'PoI'"h'' hs we we're taGIh' ny SAD
rNp,rthcr III vac VIZ "' l'-' for ". ""
I"'t2'f hhFe' as we then hhd, breathing
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

AZ 70 enable us TO bring 20 every conIInu
nifty the results of tho investigation OF
our own experts
throughout our work We are maintain
ing the attitude that the entire question
Is "A scientific and economic one, that we
do not recommend any particular sOlu-
ton. that we do not claim 10 know the
exact needs of the entire situation and
that the matter Uusi De approached ny
expert aid.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

ErCr each dur bNNos wv coNsTtoht'o"
from The expert and the nor-erpert, but
no less Interested. 20 the discussion of
hoto far the country Is prepared 70 meet
the uttock Of an enemy and chat means
should be token BY a notion NJ peace
,pith al the tcorid 20 prepare for icdr,
and to make rs defcnceS sure, THE SIN
has asked g. Stdn,cood Nerker, chairman
O, the National Security League, 70 state
srdctiy lChot are the purposes aud scope
81 the league. In response 20 THE SrN'S
request Nr Mcnker prepared the follon-
tNp:
ny .. sTANWOOD MENKEN.
We believe IN absolute national 'nsur-
ance IN the guarantee OF our integrity.
doctrines and all our civilization sands
for We think that Americans should
awaken 10 their duty 20 America. They
should understand that IL g a privilege
70 enjoy peace and 20 have hfc. liberty
and happiness as we do in this country :;
mat while We should work as Amer 'aus
for America Il should not be In any mar
row spirit. seifishly desiring our country's
advancement above all others, Out WIN
. determination TO merit the right 70 DE
In tho fore with those nations Offering
the maximum OF individual liberty
Iesson Of our generation IS tho growth
end development OF the stronger nations
OF the world by research and modern
methods OF organization. The individual!
who works hardest with infelligen'e ana
hest applles his Strength and resources
advances furthcet. The same is true OF
nstions
That the people Of the United States
nave TO approach these grear problems
not in tho spirit OF the partisan nut az
invest gators and students, aided by the
.,onsenrls Of opinion of the most expert
I'D expe-icrced. With this knowledge
-sey must calmly decide questions, rscog-
niZing the demand for the best thought
of each citizen. When we recall now
awlswardly and painfully We have worked
%r- SUCH solutions "a we nave round for
me great Issues OF the last decade. such
a. tie tariff, che trust question and the
banking laws, and what saving OF ma
tional strength resources and dignity
would have resulted from proper ap-
nroarh 70 the questions the benefit 81 the
modern methods II apparent
Meri, In other systems.
W. hall.ve that when We have 70 com
pete with scientific government we cannot
RELY upor the haphazard control or the
opportunist. and that II our position IL 70
he maintained We nav" TO recognize some
,n,.rt, a. east in tho -"sten of our com
n,titors Furthermore as our national
resources become less our power OF eias
tic recovery diminisnes unless our !nte.li'
r.i,cr and Industry for our country iur'
risn a count"rhaiance. As "" nave less
40 waste We have 10 app II economy
for our reserve and expend our income
with greater wisdom. Cove nmont be
cofnes more comp Gated rne problem more
pcvuug, especially as "" must SoNo !
while maintaining the ansoiul" strength
or our democratic control. IL lS MOI a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
~ VICTOR n. METCALF,
Ex-secretary Of the Navy.

A. the batt,e OF santiago We nieo
.3oo shots from guns OF all ca"Dre
n gnip.t the four Spanish cruisers me
,"r,,...bras hits To-day AZ double tho dis
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
by CHARLES ,. BONAPARTE,
EH-secrctary Of tho NAVY.

lively discussion is now in progress,
not only in Washington but throughout
tho Union as to the sufflciency, or RENE
dies for the insunlciency. OF our forces
of land and sea. | think this discussion
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

81. would ~ q mistake on the part OF
our leg.s.a:ors 20 attempt 20 pink or
dodge the fact that among the 0ohoitohH
Of our national lfe NJ the present 'inc -
the pos hility OF war With one or anctaet
grea, nation possess lng trainer army 81
from 400, 600 to 1000. o0o men. WITH aliT4"
transport facilities fnr cToss!n- tho
oceans which bound our coHsts, and
powerful navy 20 protect cue" transports.
" such a wa comes tho attack on our
coasts Will probably prec"de tne den-TA-
ton OF war.
1T Is q tallaGy 20 argue tnof ta"sy
oceans isolate and protect IL from Other
nations More than one greet
nation can assemble and embark IN army
much larger than our own In zen days
and cross tho Atlantic n ten days more.
or .he Pac!nr N twenty days.
Theso are not theories. hut ~" actual
conditions winch confront Us IN tins
tw.nf s'n century
This vas u-.tten three wears ago. and,
although still strictly true. u!gN' nave
6e"- expressed with much greater enpad-
So aad tho 4utho~ witnessed TIE '''i'e
q. the presen. wear. No one can now have
the ...ghtes' doubt tina. 80" supposed. ~
hostile great nation ,pGi n Nee, .t"i.%
Iess time than twenty dags. d'se'nnarh an
army %. n the very least, 10000" 1irn
o. our Atlantic seahoa ri. provided. or
cou-se, it. navy had the command OF the
sea.
W-ha, force could We oppose go such an
army We have. in round numbers about
90 600 regular troops Of these not loss
than $4,000 would h' iurrrat!VciF eeied
- garrison the ll' 20: .s panama,
Hawai-. Porto Rico 1rd "l. coast forts
t. .uppOy' the ~-'.t. U.'.y 10000 we
have about i.o 600 men In our National
Guard Whether aH ~ t..s '". e could
H. safely opposed 30 r-'Ips 90 -" great
No. H.s
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

We have coas- VICTOR MhlSAhr
line including our
dependencies. Of approximately 24.los stat
NJ. mites, practically n greater coast
Line 20 defend than that of any other
nation j is OF the highest importance
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

ward informing and 'arousing public
opinion In the premises
To form an intelligent and we'll con-
sidered opinion one must hrst OF all rid
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
ny JOHN u. LONG.
Ey-secrrtaryO Of the Navy.

can only say that, while every
BODY ought 10 RECOGNIZES the need Of
keeping up our military and espec-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
End HaphaSard Control
Of The Nation Defences
S. StanwOod Menken. Chairman Of National Security
League Points to Dangers Through Neglect
of Organization.

their political in:eres; and deals They
will recognize their further DUTY when
their attention Is properly directed 10 tho
necessities W the situation. and NJ
creates; national DEVELOPMENT will come
Il We can awaken them to the need OF
treating rational questions NJ problems,
not as political issues to dsvUe th-m-
selves 10 :heir determination 81 means
~ progress, not lrc!dentaLs. such a. the
election 81 candidates or 20 the maiute-
nance e party supr, fracy.
Basts for Gardner Views.
When Congressman Gardner. with his
long service. called attention "a the army
and navy. frankly adm ting his party =
errors and his own fault OF silence
In connection with past 'rEi station. 4 vas
evident after LITTLE 1vns..E..tiOu into
the reports OF the General stan and a
consideration Of the vast extent Of our
expenditures that - had n basis for'hs
views and that We We're again farc 10
face with a matter OF paramount i'm
portance, I was also clear that the sig
E!!icanc" 81 h!s statement was aprre-
cihted nv Tho thnNing press. that the
p.op!c were aroused, that th"y wanted
10 know " Mr.. Gardner. otNithstaadins
his reputation Cor speaking facts. waa
Correct. and. II so. where the larg. sums
OF money appropriated had been spen,
T.
The question was grave one. Il
involved not alone a study o. oXpendi.
ture ana methods hut the needs IL the
future. IN the light OF recent history on
tho one hand there was the vital ques-
tion Of providing the iefencas needed as
A basis 30 national Insurance ON a CO.
"rdinated plan which would meet popular
approval and. on the other. to procure its
presentation and adoption I'm such a man
ner AZ would satisfy the people that the
money appropriated would be effectively
spent under the direction Of a central
body or experts free OF political con-
troll and with guarantee of continuity
In Office. Furthermore Il was clear that
pubic temper was such that the solution
must not In any sense mean national
milrarism, a condition repellent to our
democratic and commercial Instincts
The reports OF Secretaries of War and
! Secretaries OF the Navy, wher, examined
showed that for more than a decade these
officials stated that we were absolutely
unpreparcd for any conflict "a startling
PROOF OF which IL found In tho recent
necessary purchase by the navy OF a
thousand new rifles before sending t..e
marines 10 Vera CRUZ We saw Row
Congress- notwithsta ndng chose report.
, and the lessons of all our wars sine,
lsl2. had failed 10 face the situation, and
We determined TO awaken the people I'm
order that they might know actual con.
dWlons and needs as recommended by our
soldiers. sailors, engineers economists
and publicists
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27

thenseive. and our country from the SOL
dlers Of the Kaiser or the Car or tho
Mikado than a flock OF sheep, however
large. could protect themselves ana their
fold from ravenous wolves.
Not long ago England saw Antwerp
besieged and captured right before her
eyes, and could send 10 It's help only r
few thousand marines and bluetackets.
Yet there we're then about million and
a quarter Of raw recruits learning the
goose step In English barracks and camps.
"Citizerry" is the raw material OF SOL
diers. but can no more do their work
than lump OF pig iron could do the work
o. sabre.
Finally. dismiss. once and forever. the
thought that any appreciate number OF
Americans wish our country to become
a warlike power and TO embark on ca
reer e conquest ami aggression. II we
have any "JnEoes" NJ all In our midst
(which may be fairly doubted) they are
50 few and so foolish and so universally
despised and laughed at az to count for
nothing in our national NE.
Preparedness Assures Pcrcc.
Virtually everybody 81 the United states
wishes nay, longs earnestly for continued
peace hut some persons think. or profess
To think that in order "a assure con-
tinued peace We ought purposely 20 keep
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-12-27
wHTn;nI T., Gen. Greene.

Gen, +. v. Greene says IN his book on
"The Military Policy OF the United
statsy'i
The Washington herald., 1914-10-12
PANAMA-U. S. TREATY
RESTRICTS WARSHIPS
Belligerent Ships Cannot Enter Both
Panama City and Balboa to
Secure Their Supplies.
PORTS OF THE SAME COUNTRY

The use of the ports Of the Republic
Of Panama and of the Panama Canal
Zone as bases Of supply for belligerent
warships is materially restricted by a
protocol signed by Acting Secretary Of
State Lansing and Don Eusebio A. Mo-
rales, minister of Panama. The proto-
col provides that henceforth, in this con-
nection, the ports of the Canal Zone and
of the Republic OF Panama are practi-
cally to be considered as ports Of the
same country.
There have been cases Of belligerent
ships calling at the port of Panama
City, which is in the Republic of Pan
anna, getting supplies and shortly after
entering the adjoining port of Balboa
which is in the Panama Canal Zone, and
replenishing their supplies. Under the
new agreement a visit of a belligerent
warshtp to Panama port shall deprive
that vessel OF the right to the hos
pitality OF a Canal Zone port for the Pc
riod Of three months, and vice versa.
The text Of the document is as fol-
lows:
''The undersigned, the acting secretary
of state of the United States of Amer
lea and the envoy extraordinary and min
lister pIenipotentiary Of the Republic Of
Panama, in view OF the close association
OF Ine lnleIeslS VI hAtiI ASSPSSbNS BON-
ernments on the Isthmus of Panama and
to the end that these interests may be
conserved and that, when state Of war
exists, the neutral obligations OF both
governments as neutrals may be main
tained, after having conferred on the
subject and being duly empowered by
their respective governments have
agreed:
That hospitality extended in the wa
ters OF the Republic of Panama to bel
hgerent vessel Of war or a vessel bellig-
erent or neutral, whether armed or not,
which is employed by belligerent power
as transport or feet auxiliary, or in any
other way for the direct purpose Of prose-
cutting or aiding hostilities, whether by
land or sea shall serve to deprive such
vessel Of like hospitality In the Panama
Canal Zone for q period Of three months,
and vice versa"