The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-08-29
CARDINALS PREPARE
 TO ELECT POPE.
6Cethoiic Tranacrint }


 act the death of the Pontiff. Tn the presence of the household he strikes the foreHlead of the dead Pope three times with a silver mallet calling him by his baptismal name. The Fisher mans ring and the PapaI seals are then broken A notary draws up the act which is the legal evidence of azhe Pope,s death Meanwhile the cardi- nals have been notified of the inn pending election and those resident in Rome await their absent brethren, as- sisting in the meantime at the func- tions for the deceased Pontiff-
 Only cardinals have the right to vote in the conclave. but they must be present in person. The prepara- tions for the conclave are made by the Cardinal Camerlengo and the heads of the three cardinalitia1 or ders. There are meetings of the gen. eral congregations of cardinals; the rules governing the conclave are read to them. and the cardinals take an oath to observe them. During the following days the officers of the con- clave, as well as the physicians. ser wants. etc. are examined or appoint ed by a special commission. Each cardinal has the right to take into the conclave secretary and a ser want; the secretary being usually an ecclesiastic. Tn case of illness, third. 
 equally sworn to secrecy, and also not to hinder the election. After the com cIave certain honorary distinctions and pecuniary eInoluments are award ed to the conclavists.
 IN SECRET SESSION.
 Meanwhile a conclave,' formerly a large room, now a large part Of the Vatican palace, is walled off. and the space divided into apartments, each with three or tour small rooms or cells, in each of which are a crucifix a bed, table and few chairs. Ac- cess to the 'conclave's is free through one door, locked from without by the marshal, and from within by the Car dfnal Carner1engo@ There are four openings for the passage of food and other necessities, carefully guarded from within and without. Once the conc1aye begins. the door is not who is late in arriving. All conmu- nfcation with the outside world is for 4bidden under pain Of loss of office and excommunfcation ipso facto.
 A cardinal may leave in case of ill., ness certified under oath by a physi- elan, and return. but an ordinary con clavist cannot do so.
 The meals are served from a kitchen established inside the conc1ave. They are eaten in private. and great care is taken that news of the conclave may not leak out.
 CoNCLAvE OPENS.
 The conclave opens officially on the tenth day after the Popess demise, un- less another day has been assigned.
 Including everybody who has a right or who is needed in the concIave, there are. all told, about 25o persons in the enclosure: On the morning of the eleventh day. the cardinals attend mass, receive holy communion, and listen to an alIocution concerning their duties. Later they assemble in the Sistine Chapel, where the actual vot- Ing takes place. The ballots are dis i tributed and the secretaries and others retire only the cardinals remaining, one of whom bolts the door.
 Zach cardinal deposits his ballot in a chaIice on the altar, repeating the prescribed oath, which in substance is as follows; T call to witness the Lord Christ, who will be judge, that I am electing the one whom according to God [ think ought to be elected,
 The names ort the ballots are read aloud, and each cardinal checks them off from a list in front of him.. If no cardinal receives the necessary two thirds vote, a second vote is taken. Two votes are taken each day, one in the morning and one in the evening, until there is a choice. Each occupies from two to three hours. When the required two-thirds are not obtainable the ballots are burned in a little stove the chimney of which extends through a window in the Sistine Chapel Straw is mixed with them to show by the I thick smoke to the persons collected outside that there has been no cleo 1 ton. When the 5ba1loting is over, the 1 cardinals retire to their cells.
 BoRAns OF ELECTION.
 Two other forms of election whict are almost impossible because of thS Legislation of Gregory XIV, are known as quasi-inspiration and compromise 4 The former supposes that before : given session there had been no agree ment among the cardinals and thai then one of the cardinals addressing l the assembly propose the name of V candidate with the words s1 elect, i whereupon all the cardinals, as i moved by the Holy Spirit, proclaim i aloud the same candidate. An cleo l ton by compromise provides for { | long and apparently hopeless contest 1 The cardinals unanimously delegat a certain nunbef to make a choice I This has not been employed since tn fourteenth century.
 I Since 1522, the choice has invariabl. l. I fallen upon an Italian cardinal.
 l After asecandidate has received tn required two-thirds9 the cardinal deal proceeds to ask him if he will aecep and by what name he wishes to b ! known. The masters of ceremonie are admitted and take formal cog l nizanee Of the Pontiff-elect's answers d The custom of a change of name i
 imitation of St. Peter has been fl l lowed since the time of John XII.
 Immediately the canopies are low cred over the chairs of the cardinals with the exception of the Pontiff
 elect, and he proceeds to a nearb
 room to don the Papa1 garments
 Thus attired, he returns and the car
 dinaIs advance and pay homage. Tn Pope then confirms or appoints tn
 Cardinal Cameriengo. who puts upo
 his finger the Fisherman's ring.
 PRoCIlATMING NEW PONTIFF.