davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
Facts for Farmers, Stock
Breeders, Poal.ry Raisers,
Orehdrdis,s, Truckers and Gar.
deners.-.Queries and,Au suers

. should represent the greatest need and
; interest OF the corn club membership:
1t must teach the broad viewpolnt or
tho club work and encourage both
members and leaders to DO progressive
and constructive III their work. and il
should serve to increase the club mem-
bers' interest and respect for farm life.
Club leaders, county superintendents,
teachers and others interested in pro-
noting agricultural and rural homo in
tercsts should lose no opportunity to
have club exhibits and interests reg
ognized effectively. at county, district
and State fairs county farmers insti-
tutea. Short courses. and teachers as
sociations nro excellent mediums for
, promoting club work, and an exhibit
OF club products. special contests. es-
! snye and general discussions on phases
OF the work should occupy some place
and time during the regular session:
Do not wait for an invitation to sub
NIT club interests, but proceed ut once
to make and present Your plans to the
proper officials. such as the secretary.
the president and the various premium
and program committees. Most of these
will be glad to recognize tho boys and
girls In their work and club interests
III every way possible.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
nIemiahe. on Hor.e..

There are many blemishes on horscs
that do not impair their usefulness
but practically render them unfit fYI
the pleasure vehicle.
horse with sprung knee can dc
honest labor on the farm, and he will
do many sorts OF work in the cit.
but he can never add to the appear
ance Of the pleasure cquipage
There are blcmishes too numerous "a
mention that practically unfit Il horse
FOR the purposes above mentioned
Cooked pasterns. capped hooks
scraggy names and tails, sprung knees
spavins. hog or bone, loss of one eye
scared knees Ia sure sign OF the
stuniblerl. spiints. i'ingbonc, Sweeney
Or atrophy LOT the shoulder muscles
the natural carriage OF q low head
and Interfering.
These are some os The apparcntly
insigaiiicant bleinishes that too many
horses suffer from, and any one OF
them VIII render him unit for the
pleasure vehicle.
Do not listen to dealers or even 10
your best friend. and buy horse tina,
has blcmishcs on him IL you want him
for pleasure purposes.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07

hours Of play time and vacation pc
rioas. IAN ounce OF prevention Is
better than a pound of cure"
TO stimulate interest I'm the contests
the following premiums would be most
suitable:
% FREQ trips and expenses paid to
district and State fairs. educational in
stitutions chautauquas. etc.
CD Top buggy, saddle. gold watch
automobile, etc.
(3) Clear title to ono or more acres
OF land Ito encourage land owner
ship.
tD Farm implements. tools. equip.
ment, etc.
90 Thoroughbred pigs. cattle
horses. mules. pens of chickens.
60 Club emblems, banners and pen
nants
t7) Manual training workbench, set
of tools. cameras. trunk, leather hand
bag, writing desk. etc.
(S) Poultry equipment, such as in
cubators. watering and feed troughs
breeders, fences and gates.
CD Free tuition to short courses in
agricultural and mechanical colleges
and regular courses In colleges
10) Canvas tent. camp outfit, canoe
hunting equipment, baseball suit. suits
OF clothes.
Cd Dictionary, encyclopedia, set OF
agricultural books. special club library
series of books of standard literature
G2) subscriptions TO farm Journals
magazines for special periodicals Tor
boys.
Every premium offered for cantests
and club work should have for its main
object the promotion and encourage
mcnt of the work. The premiums
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07


N-si,nped grain trough. This type
is eKtensiyely used, but IL objection-
able ON account of the large amount OF
feed that In thrown out and wasted.
sideration. Early spring lambs is one
OF the most important. while late
spring or carly fall lambs should re-
ceive due consideration. Tho produc-
ton OF winter or so-cailed "hothouse'
lambs il we'll worth undertaking by
those who are favornbly situated. and
should prove profitable under favor
able conditions.
Many farmers have disposed of their
Hooks and many others have refralned
from entering the business because OF
some OF the diilicultics that are pecu-
liar to this Industry. Among the most
important OF these are cur dog, para
sites and diseases. y certain amount
OF trouble zig inevitable where these
abound. but ordinarily this should not
be sufficient to discourage the flock
master. Good management and proper
care, will control, If not eliminate.
these difficulties sThe flock that must
rustic for itself is the one that suffers
most from tlrt-se sources. Sheep are
good acavel.sers. but should not be
made 10 subsist upon weeds alone, with
little or no attention on the part OF the
farmer. The sooner the owner realizes
that his sheep cannot return satisfac-
tory pro,its under such conditions. the
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
PROGRESS TOWARD
NORMAL CONDITIONS
Date for Final Removal OF All barriers
to Stock Trading Remains
Obscurc.

H
NEW YORK. December 6.-Develop-
ments during the week Indicated steady
progress toward the resumption of nor
NAL conditions in security markets.
The date for the final removal of all
barriers to free trading remained more
Stock Exchange authorities intended
soon to quote prices on stocks as they
quote bond prices ,mct with prompt
denial. 1t was salt open trading was
not likely until the situation In Lon
don assumed more favorable aspect.
The trading OF the week demon
strated that a substantial demand eX-
lists here at prices above the minimum
fixed for the protection of collateral
and bank loans. Recovery of prices on
come of tho movement recently shown
in the unauthorized outside market.
The new price Lowell tended to dimin-
isit fears that .unfavorabie conse-
quences might arise from the actual
reopenins of the Exchange to regulated
cessful resumption of business in Sc
curities not largely held by foreign in
terests by interior stock exchanges also
enhanced tho general feeling of conf
dence.
The course of the money market,
with call loans down TO 3 1-2, added to
the cheerful outlook in tho monetary
situation. Englapd's war loan, Issued
on 4 4Sper cent basis, went to n pre-
MUM over the issue price.
At home the interesting features in
cluded the reduced discounts. made By
several Federal Reserve banks, flota-
ton of II Swedish loan for $4,000, 900,
and the ready sale of $12,700,000 worth
OF Canadian Pacific Railway trust GER
tihcates.
Demand for pig iron improved. Cop
per advanced ana additional large or
ders for war supplies were reported.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
Weekly Bureau Of In
formation for An Who
TIL the Soil or Are In
teressed in Making Homes
MORE SHEEP SHOULD BE
RAISED IN OLD }VIRGiNIA

sheep husbandry should receive moro
attention from tho farmers OF Virginia
and the South than It docs at the pros
ent time. On many farms there arc no
sneepi at all On many others the size
of the flock could and should be in
creased. and moro attention given to
this branch OF farming with resulting
profit TO the owner
The various phases OF the sheep in
dustry afford numerous channels
through which the skill of tho pro-
gducer can display itself. The breeding
OF pure-bred stock offers special In
ducements to many, while larger
number ere content with tho produc-
ton OF mutton md wool for market
purposes. In tho breeding of pure
bred stock.the beginner has q number
ofiraluable breeds from which he can
make a selection. It is not so much
the breed selected THAT will lead to
success as It Is the care and manage
Inent. 1t must be noted, however, that
certain breeds have a wider range of
adaptibility and are more popular than
others. Tho number of pure-bred nocks
is increasing every year, and the de-
mand foe good breeding stock is moro
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
The Poultry
Section
CONSIDER AGE. OF PIGEONS

The squad business is. getting to TO
quite an important industry in many
parts OF Virginia. Therefore. a little
information in the Agricultural Depart
ment on the pigeon subject is worth
while. HtN
Pigeons are considered to be at their
primo when three yearg old, and there
arc very few pairs. that pay for their
feed after they are seven years old.
They deprecIate in value with nge.
Professional dealers in pigeons have
been known to buy old pairs for from
60 to 70 cents and then sell them to
the unsuspecting purchaser as guar
anteed mated birds Mt several dollars
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
wheat surplus is inaieauate

4 w puCplus iS InaueQuRIS. ,tt.tlN.a
Il Is reported that Italy has made
country, but whether the Italians vii
be nblY to move their grain out OF
Argentina is a problem.
IT. is estimated that the worlds car.
rylnF capacity on tho ocean is 80 per
cent loss than normal owing to tho for
eIble laying up of German and Aus
possibly 200 English boats for the
transportation OF troops
ANOTHER drawback to the shipments
OF wheat OUT OF Arsentinn Is the APP
war VA vessels Off II the he South American ai
coast. which has caused more or less
able to ship much wheat to tho allies
unless the activity of the vessels OF the
Kaiser are checked.
1t is a noticeable fact TINT the i'm
posted as to the movement OF war ves-
sells In the neighborhood OF the Argen-
I'm, ,hn, Rsp9,s,lie, and TINT they believe
perienced In bringing the wheat now
being prepared for shipment out OF
that part of the world. Conditions are
the making OF purchases OF wheat.
corn and oats by those countries
abroad. which, nre now depending upon
tho United states for supplies. Nor
way has been large buyer of grain of
late, and not only tho countries ut
e@i 5hq 3ss at wnr have bought
=.
leading In the matter OF purchases.
The bulls In wheat have ut last made
their claim good tina, receipts of that
SIR sharpiy Rceeints last w wee,. 10 w ini.
ronly ii.i75, 900 bushels. compared With
13,073.000 bushels the week before and
100000 bushels for the corresponding
,period a year ago.
Shipments from Western markets
last week were 1O.630.000 bushels or
1000, 900 bushels larger than the same
Lao At,,Ne
/ to date at Western points We're $780,
3SS.00o bushels. while for the CORE
spending time In 1913 they were 202,-
100000 bushels.
posted on conditions that there will be
a further falling on in tho movement
of wheat. as those holding this grain
advance tho opinion that higher prices
Will certainly be seen even in case the
war should cease within the next few
months,
at l2,145,oOo bushels at Western points.
compared with 100000 bushels for tho
corresponding time last year. Tho re-
MARKETS srKss rU We're Ssssseoo busSeis conn.
pared with 17.4fS.0Oo bushels year
ago. The price of corn, as well as the
iapeeiy on weather h. CONDITIONS. Sales
of corn for export hive Increased dur
ing tho past week. and it Is expected
movement 20 the Old World viii viii he be
larger.
Oats continue TO move outward in
large quantities, AZ the shipmen from
Western points last week were 5,775,-
coo bushels. while the receipts were
6,SH 900 bushels. From August /
Western receipts were 136, S2l 900 BUSH
els. against 1ol.000.o00 bushels a year
ago.
Provisions were little more active
during the last week. and when the
big run of hogs at Western markets. is
considered, the situation may be called
strong in the provision pit
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
BOYS CORN CLUB WORK
AND ITS GREAT VAL UE

Ii we mistake not, the Boys Corn
CLUB movement started in Virginia. 1t
Is now becoming nation wide. Pro-
fessor Q. Fl. Benson. In urging, an en-
largement i'm the West. throws out
some valuable hints and Information
that may DO useful In the South. lie
says: t.s! ffsT
1t IS q well-cstablished fact that
both play and contest interests per-
form very important part IN the pro-
cesses Of education, and have much
to do in creating efficiency for, man in
the equation OF social and Industrial
life.
The corntclub work is a very i'm
portant factor In the economy of the
farm In directing boys who live in
rural districts in the business as a
profitable and noble profession. The
way in which the club worls takes hold
OF boy Is quite remarkable, aud from
the enthusiasm created by tho club
work and contests, greater interest In
farm life is sure to develop.
We need tho boys for tho present
efficiency Of tho farm, -and we must
have their work. their leadership, and
their influence for the future IL Ameri-
can agriculture and rural interests are
to endure and contribute as they
should to human comfort and pros
perity.
The purpose of this article is to
suggest lines of interest and, instruc-
ton in addition to the regular club
work, which has to do; with the acre
yield at q reasonable cost OF produce
| ton. These club contests may we'll be
| taken up in connection with the rural
and village schools; county, district
and State fairs; farmers Institutes and
educational gatherings, with a view to
giving direction and interest as we'll as
important training during tho entire
year. Tho club contests will enable
both teacher and parent to min the
| hoy for better things In needed edu-
cative ana efficient farm life, Much
could be said about the influence OF
this kind OF work upon actual produc-
tion and lend values.
Boys corn-club work should be con
I structire and permanent, and, in order
that 1t may be SO. the following lines
| of contest work are suggested to the
| club membership. These contests
| should offer some relaxation from the
main limo OF work. and should be prac
| teal and recrentlve as we'll as instruc-
! tive. The following are few OF the
objects of corn club contests:
GD-To increase members interest In
corn in ell OF it's import phases
| CD To secure better seed corn and
consequently better Yields. (All seed
should be returned to the
| (3) TO give Industrial activity and
practice TO club members for the en-
| tire year.
| Q9 To give members greater inter
| est in club work through combined
play and contest methods.
/ 90 To furnish profitable diversion
to sthe boys during the otherwise idle
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
Road Equipment and
Machinery for Sale

Pursuant to decree entered by tn.
District Court OF the United States for
the Eastern District OF Virginia, in tho
matter matter of p; J; Phipps. bankrups. | VIII
December 10. 1911, at Coeburn. Va, for
the sale OF the following articles: nix
Troy Dump Wagons, ono Clam Shell
Bucket, one. Frick Traction Engine, No.
lhso3. one Huber Roller. No. .s54s. all at
Coeburn. Va. One Frlcle Engine, No.
157s4. and one Hubert Roller, No. ss75,
all at Wiso Courthouse. va.
or all bids.
Property remaining unsold at Coe-
burn,v Va. Will be offered for sails at
public auction in front OF the poHt-o &C
there, beginning at 10 A. NJ. Wednes-
day December l6. 1914.
Property ut Wise Courthouse will be
offered for sale In front of the court :
house beginning at 10 a. n. Thursday.
December IL, 1914.
All sales subject 10 confrn1a ton of
court. Complete list OF property FUR
nishcd on application. TERMS: Cash.
w. e. BARRETT. Trustee,
Sewport News. Va.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
REVIEW or WEEK in coTTo,

NEW ORLEANS. December 8.-lPrice
result of trading last tweek were sig
lions lost U to IA points. At one tina
they were 15 to Is points under iast
| wee<'ss close, and at another timo thew
for the week was 50 to 81; points. nso
Large crop estimates by brokers.
~ o.. nsopie and private crop REPORTING,
iluences CT tho Week. ADDED e to II w an !,
'liquidafion OF long cotton. on tho fear
that the Eovernments estimate OF the
Yield next week would be high.
The market acquired considerable
week. proved 4 source OF strength.
day found little cotton for sale.
In the spot department prices lost Il
"a er sSa Gsnt, m a1a closing q
- 3-ls this week last year. Sales on
the spot amounted to 3.120 bales
against 2,1so last week, and 5,3ii this
ed toNiI.575 bales. against 5.1so last
week. and l4.7o2 this week last year-
This weels the trade Will be con-
On Tuesday the Census Bureau viii
issue statement on tho amount OF
cotton ginned up 70 the LIST OF Deceni-
bef. and on Thursday the Department
annual report on the size of the CROP
The first report probably will be usad
as the basis for several important prk
vate estimates, but they can hardly be-
which was 1G.45o.0oo bales. 1t is Xix ely.
that 1t will take figures of 1880. 900
bring about much of a decline, while
figures of 15,50o.000 or under would
stimulate buying. especially from the
the price levels recently reached have
discounted report Of 100000 bales
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07

sheep increase the productivity of the
land is I'm their destruction OF weeds
BY eating the weeds they make more
room for the cultivated crops, and in
crease the supply OF plant food and
water available for them BY prevent
class OF live stock, with the excep-
ton of goats. will eat as many weeds
as sheep. BY converting these waste
products into wool and mutton, they
arc source of profit 20 the owner.
1t has been estimated that sheep will
eat 30 per cent Of all troublesome
weeds. They are, IN fact, commonly
used in cleaning up weeds from fields
fence rows rond Sides. stubDlc fields
and corn fields. The common belief
among farmers is that weeds eaten By
sheep arc SO broken up in the digestive
processes that the seeds will not ger.
inmate after passing through tho body
as in the case of other live stock. How
ever weeds are rarely permitted to &c
to seed If enough sheep are turned In
the field while the weeds arc young
md tender
In some Investigations carried on by
the Canadian government among q
considerable number of sheepnen tc
determine the kinds OF weeds eaten by
sheep, It was generally agreed TINT
sheep would consume all but few
exceptionally unpalatable ones, such
as MULLEN, Scotch thistle, etc.
Where sheep have been kept. bu,
where for some reason they have beer
disposed of, 81 striking difference has
usually occurred in the appearance OF
the farm. Weeds have sprung ZIP and
grown where they had formerly beer
kept III check. There is no better so.
luton to the weed problem than q
flock OF sheep.
In economy OF production sheen arc
not surpassed by any other domestic
animal. Besides converting waste
products into nutritious food they viii
also manufacture n finished product out
or the roughage and grain of tho farm,
at least as cheaply rs other classc.
Of live etock.
II is hardly necessary to. say tina,
there Is loss waste when roughags 4.
fed to sheop In racks rather than t,por
the ground. When fed in the latte,
way much OF II Is trampled upon AM
soiled, and then the sheep refuse tc
eat It, There arc. several types of feed
racks that are quite satisfactory.
combination rack for feeding botI
rocshage. and grain is convenient, es
pecially where tho amount of space is
united. Some racks arc boarded ur
solidly. with openings through whici
the sheep eat: others are Slated horl-
zontaIy, this type being largely used
In the west. Racks with vertical stats
are also used; these Stats should no,
DC loo widc apart with sucking ewes
or the lambs will get in upon the feed
anu soil II. Having the upper part O,
the rack bonrded solid is desirable y,
II permits chaff from falling into tn,
iecce-By e. l.. Shaw and l.. Il. Heller
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07

. ~ a. n
Combination rack for feeding hay
and grain. II is 40 constructed that
the grain troughs may be pulled back
and feed put In them without entering
the pen.
than lteeping pace with the increase.
Pure-bred stock has, number OF ad
Santages over g.ldes. Tho natural
or inherent advantages OF pure-bred
stock arise from the fact that there
has been q concerted effort In the de-
relopmcnt of the better breeds to es-
tablish, Intensity and perpetuate their
superior qualities by using only the
beet animals for breeding purposes.
There have been some exceptions, to
this, some inferior animals have been
entered, but the formation of n breed
has in general been based upon SUI
perioritT in some form. Nevertheless,
owing TO the reappearaflcc of inferior
individuals, not all pure-bred sheep are
suitable to retain in the flock.
A breeder of pnrc-bred sheep can
develop n reputation that never could
be acquired with grades. The sales of
pedigree breeding stock extend over
a much wider range of territory than
those OF market stock. The show ring
also. spreads abroad tho fame OF the
breeded OF purc-bred stock. Larger
prices are obtained for pure-bred cwes
and rams when sold for breeding pur-
poses, although 1t costs little more to
produce them after the flock Is once
established. There is also moro stabil-
ity In their values than in those OF
market stock. sl}
With commercial flock there are
several phases that are worthy OF con-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07

II pair. For this reason person
should buy pigeons only from some
dealer with whom he is personally nc
quainted. or from some one who is
willing to guarantee not only M to the
birds being mated. but also as ITO nge.
The females are, ns N rule. more
delicate than the males In both old and
young pigeons, and when buying young
birds the purchaser IL quite likely to
find among thcm many moro males
than females. Not only IS 1t essential
to have nothing but mated birds In the
loft. but they should he from good,
hardy stock. Some breeders have been
| known to force their stock to such an
extent that they have lowered the
vitality. Others are surrounded By
conditions that 1t is impossible to pro-
duce good. vigorous birds. While some
and keep the smaller birds. which
would sell for much lower figure az
! market squads, let them grow and
sell them later as breeders.
Great care should be taken in the
purchase OF stock~to know that 1t Is
| from lofts where there Is no vermin
1t is next to Impossible to get lice out
OF the loft when the flock once gets
| thoroughly infested, and tho introduc-
tion OF ono or two dirty pigeons will
very soon cause such condition
Flocka Will be found where there Is u
tendency toward roup. cnnlser and
other diseases, and those must be
avoided If success is to be secured.
Owners OF iiocks that have been In
Tested arc generally anxious to dis
pose OF them, and dealers have been
known to purchase these goods and, af-
| ter little doctoring, offer them for
sale being careful to say, They are
mated birds and In the prime of con-
dillon as far as age. weight. etc, are
concerned" II is such experiences as
these that cause many to lave i'll luck
from the beginning; IN fact, they tailed
before they had really begun.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
The Farm-HeIp auestion.

my. 1armer ought to DO able to SO
plan his work that he can keep the
same help the year through. The
men who do the milking are free
most OF tho day for plowing or taking
care OF the crops. hut it needs the
ing has become n question of. wise
managemont--of head worlt-and we
Will sec lots of people come To the
not allow their think tanks to become
rusty,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1914-12-07
Milk.

MILK il natures most essential food.
Ey unfortunate coincidence 1t is also
the most susceptible of all foods TO
faint through exposure. being cndow-
ed with qualities which make 1t the
best known culture or breeding
ground for tho propa CATION of disease
germs and bacteria. Because of this.
milk contributes moro than any other
single agency towards high death
rate, especially among infants In
troduccd into the freshest and purcst
of milk, disease germs propagatc with
iuconccivablc ro Oiditv