davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15


IA, the tramp thIef anu Ee'er-do-
wen. however p'titpie he may be- is
ue'I!t win distinctly from the genuine
worker no permanent benefit VIII re-
suit 10 any OF them Inc gentleman
. 49, Wy " !CoN ,o' N'rN az iiiI''
va! "na p'ass 'hat ne may not n"u
~ - uN'e ''.s % P'tS' : nave seeh
Wv nus senu'i,o anu no'ieS' men
, ni.N.H w ".'n ,,'o i"N'9'
""' "'o'' VA u''Ne'' s''u''''c'S'
II ~ NOT 'hose VINO Hrst Apply LOT re-
llef wh" need u most the Associated
Char!ues IN TINS CITY ma that 'hrce-
fourths OF the families they relieve lave
phcatioh mas pceh MADE Tor thehl
.'"ou7" I'm VI l''0i e't'"
t,,' nus
p'se'' ""' va iio' 'pp.S .'' e'''i ~
.,a, "'' ',ton '.,'p -. "vu
pN''e :, Linpofa ,"' n'o'.p '''a'
"'"S' nc Ni'''eh over '''c I"'hWt' 'o
SUCCESS al '''e u''eihp''!"'e'' proo''"'
NeNert"eless' while thes" classes
must pe uiiIereh'iattu ana diH'rent
classes need very diirereht treatment
al must DE proNihed Tor rms docs not
mean coddiins or paternalism. ON the
4NN'''''''' -
OFTEN the truest Charity. 1t must b" re-
inemHered that II II man VIII not work
neither shaIi ne eat 1t must also now
''t'' oe '''h. ''''ie ' '''''I u " iila" "''S
"'' vat N''''''' '''' nv "''"'
brcauso man Ia Unemployed ana
.hel'l''eht' ~ u"eS A't i"iIoW that he ~
10 p'aHh"' lie ma! - tll' No"Jc't oi an
eANnusted hereul'S' or tAr result "i oau
environment. W men urea women pehd
over "ash'ups III our 'anharieS i"r SIN
teen hours TWO or thrce Hays week
their 'hi,ureh are very Hke'! 10 he born
.ireo anu ''cap'D'e u plo''"'.," WORK
s ''i 80, 1''niu, ~ -
~ T , h ,'Dr ,o'" '''"' ''' ''''''
Is so Wlth the immoral Grave
Ne" hoIk pishop oH'e sa'u t''i' ~ ne
iieVen that II lie hau 10 "orh WE'VE
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

speak IN the second portion " this
article.
The weak yhgrant should not, how
ever, he COMPOUNDED either with the
sturdy bcggar" or with the thoroughly
vicious. Too often our warehouses are
schools OF vice with compulsory at
tendance. SuCn education should not he
Il part of our public school system. and
especially should the young no. he
mingled with the old and the vicious.
,r such warehouses.
Industrial, farm colonies have been
proved to be - a large extent a cure
for evils VI this class, and even tenn
pprary measures should b. shaped with
this end IN Wow. Emira Reformatory
takes the partly vicious. and by build
ing them up physically and ceaChing
Them Industrial occupations and then
obtaining for them positions where
they can work, saves year after wear
50 per cent. ~ hose who leave The
rcforma tory.
Coming low 20 the question II what
should In don" more permanently, the
/ first aim should y" 90 absorb In 'lo
,"d!nnry activities rs many pf.'h" ,iu-
employed ~ pos'!i'i", This can nIly ho
ooue ny omp.o"m"nt hurydu., or rather
10y "A system uf employ Heu' bureaus IN
various portions ~ IN" state, with
agencies 0r representatives. IN every
town or oven lrn.e. The creation u'
:, single rrnpINym"rt bureau, nr even
/ rt Two on ihrce. In ,h" STATE NIL do
irtlc good.
Whit is n-,-.-d r. "a thorough organ-
iha,.on of IN" state, ana especially ot
tho sn, trr pisces iu rurN""'iou wan
y ..s,H
man ana wuulou 4, far as - possible.
This ia tn" Gevlnpn system, IN IN" Ger
MAN Emprc. -, an the cities ard towns.
ana IA alnos, IL. the Eiml-;s. there
: IL N !cas. n. agency 90. an agent To
whom any man IN need of wprk or any
! employer IN need of a workcr can ap-
! Fly. fAch OGrndU, cdca agent, t. pas
! in touch with the Whole sys;em. So
mat arriving even N small town u
! worker can know IN what direction q
look for work and, what il equally I'M
portant IN what direction not t. look.
At the very least. II saves time. and
AZ the o"s . 1t puts The worthless ~ the
right channel for finding wulh ami thc
cmp.oyrr IN the risNr chanucl for
finding WORKERS rhis complete
ness of the system Is On" of
the marked features o. The success OF
The German labor bureaus. They are
not commercial; they are Tree, Vnty
ara not all alike, some OF them are
private bureaus; some are managed by
tho trade unions, som" ny phi,anthro-
p!sts, some by churches, !nusy ~ them
are municipal; bar they are al CON
nected ana tn" Gov"rnmcn, oversee
the whole system. leaving ont the fraud
ulent and inefficient, but banding the
effective into ole whole.
The Government neither manages nor
meets the cost Of the local bureau
That * managed and financed by the
local committee. the Government sim
ply finances and controls the means II
interc0mmun.cat .on blndins them TO-
grthvr If New Nork sat" would "s-
ttblish Il few central fro" ssnpoymrut
b4reaur IN the 'arger c'rics Win per
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

Passing from this example, in which
the purposes of play. We next come to
the degradation OF .egitlms 20, health
giving games undo tho exigencies Of
street play into the c.dss OF crime
breeding games. Tho national game OF
baseball is perhaps the chiefcst Of these
games. Asid, from the fact that this
game is Itself specifically forbidden on
the streets IL Is the direct cause IN hum
dreds Of cases Of assault. obstruction
destruction OF property and even OF
petty larceny. The surroundings Of
this condition. When Two juvenile
mines attempt to settle the question OF
supremacy in a crowded street fianked
ny high tenemerts trouble invariably
follows. Such games are common in
the tenement distrtctc.
The petty larceny element IN these
games occurs through the fact that the
boys are seldom able TO 20 clear through
IA full game without losing one or two
balls. and. being poor. they have worked
out systematic methods Of stealing new
ones. The theft in this case may be
directly traced TO the luck ri adequate
of ball
Ganr lighting another common and
serious offence. IL Il product Of the COM
pick gang organization. which is the
basis Of ali boy life in the streets Of
New York. II has it's sources
either in gang rivalry or in The ini'ic-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

ton OF a wrong by one gang upon
another which results in u long series
o: rctaliatory fights. sometimes extend
Ing through many months. From being
simply physical contests between gang
and gans these fights often become
ncighburhood feuds. in which small boys
are MANNED. and on rare occasions
killed outright. windows are broken and
all kinds Of neiGhborEood outrages are
pcrpctrat"d.
There is q great distinction between
these organized gang fights and the
smaller Misunderstanding which result
N fights between two small boys Gang
fights are part Of the traditional play
among the older boys they are carried
out in the spirit Of play. and the theft.
destruction Of property. and mayhem
which accompany them are regarded
as Incidental. The fights are very dis
tortcd manifestations of the same spirit
Of rivalry of which baseball or foot
hall or the more primitive tug-of-
war arc less destructive expressions.
When We trace back 10 their sources
even the fights Tor revenge We gerer-
ally find play motive there also Two
years ago the small boys on West Fiji
t!';l s;rcr, and Wcst F.tty-third street
near Eleventh avenue were celebrating
election u;rht with honnres on their
respective streets. The Fiftieth street
boys had more material than the Fifty
third street boys. When the Fifty
third street boys ran out of material
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15
v"
>""r-'sr, H Religious CItisenshiu
i-"rr" md Former missioner
ct the "ited states on Uncm-
pioy Nent In EurODe.


ASTERDAf'S snowstorm par.
tally ana but temporarily
Owed the problem Of the city's
vast arIny OF UNEMPLOYED.
t-r.! "a the morning street Cleaning
commissioner john r. Fetherston put
5000 men NJ work cleaning the streets.
reese men VIII be kept busy for q short
Tine aud are but a small percentage of
NE vast humber OF starving and freez-
~ ON, If work
WHAT NV York city should not do
upon 'ao subject of unenpIoyment ,s IN
-ipJni t. commission To moe. tho ener-
t-0cy. La,.r on. or at any time. n com
mission might well be appolnted 70 in
'eS'igf-" the facts and the caus.s of
.ae present emergency. and max. reo-
'neNdat.gns for the permanent solv-
~ ul The problem; Dut such II com.
mission WIZ uur<u.ot the present need
Wa hundreds Of thousands o,,t of
RoFk. no" families dependent upon
'Hriu 'aulot BE- fed with reports OF
onu .Gs. We need at ouc. nor a
'oInm s-'pl but a committee with
"lT-- o. art. This bower 10 not how
'ir, u,rdcj moro than n committee.
i1t THIS power m'ehu well I've delegated
D sour present department Of the cl,y
''v"!U.u,.
II .1Mmi,tae be appointed, Il should
b" composed Of EXPERTS familiar with
-NS,.r- conditions and Of members
s0Aa.E presenting employers ana
nl9gno. associations. This would
a SOME extent obviate the suspicion
-, ..-- -.... ..y.,,,,,,i,,,.,,.. -, 49,, -, -,
"''- TIL" committee should be COM
'0st1 ri '.- best citizens, representing
s'.t mp oyer ana employee. In Ber-
o. among the members of the Unem-
'.ym,a, Committee In a recent year
"'re found six city councillors. two al
-"rn'N three members Of the Advisory
'oHn t&o professors. one OF whom
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

acts which as a rule the children them
selves know to be immoral, though the
group standards. or gang standard, al
low them.
An example OF this type of child
crime IS the widely popular sport OF
gang stealing Gang stealing Is recog-
nized as a sport and game by unknown
thousands Of children in New York. Il
would have been 30 recognized by the
elders but for the fact that in our deal
Ing with juvenile crime We have hitherto
studied the overt acts rather than the
children's reasons for committing these
acts. Just AZ we do not analyzc the
ch!lds motive for playing baseball. on
the streets, though we arrest him for
II, no We do not recognize the motives
Of the child thief when in an elaborate
and traditional organized game he steals
groceries. oaseballs, doorknobs or street
lamps. How many Of the male readers
Of this report can remember when they
were boys how they stole fruit from
their neighbours or when they went TO
college how they pilfered signs and
doorknobs and souvenirs IN q spiri: Of
hilarity?
Gang stealing in many parts Of New
York has come TO have "a definite form
Of organization. \ band OF boys, from,
three To sin or seven IN number, will
90 from tenement To tenement on
Saturday evenings taking orders from
the housewives FOR traits, vegetables.
groceries, Hight hardware and clothing,
Just as though they wore delivery
clerks When they think they have n
sufficient number OF orders they go out
on the street and by a series Of Or
ganized raids secure the goods which
the housewives have ordered. These
goods are sold on q regularly estab-
lished scale " prices. which In most
parts Of tho city is arbitrary, with no
relation to the market value of the
stolen articles. After the BOYS have
their money they retire 10 their hang
out" where the money Is divided into
equal parts and tn" posscssors shoot
craps" until one Of them has Il all
This boy divides the winnings into two
parts. one II which he spends in treat
Ing the other members OF che gang
The other half he is permitted to keep
and spend for himself.
This Is "a regularly organized form Of
amusement. which has existed 30 the
writer's personal knowledge for a dec
t'it vi ititlt bIl liI' west SlUt.
Az far as the boys themselves are con-
cerned II is a game ana nothing more.
The crmee committed are incidental TO
the game. The elements the boys are
striving for are the dramatic adventure
in obtaining stolen goods. the excite
ment of gambling, which 70 them Is 70
crime. and the physical Joys of the soda
wrlter. cigarettes, motion picture Shove,
&c, which follow the game. These boys
start ont TO seek adventure, excitement
and u treat" Cnguijei and irrespon-
sb!e and with tradition Of lawlessness
based upon the hostile Indifference Of
their elders they have gone after their
ends without regard 10 consequences.
with the result ma; before their game
is over they Will have obtained money
under fn.se pr,tepc"s. committed lar
ceny and Camb'ed. for any one of which
acts hey are crim!ually liable.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

they raided F'iftieth street, extinguished
all the bonfires. routed the celebrants.
and trumphantly carried the bonfire
material TO their own street. This was
the beginning OF "a feud which lasted over
year between the denizens OF the two
streets, during which time score Of
boys We're jailed. number seriously
manned. and hundreds OF dollars worth
of property destroyed. Yet, despite the
number Of arrests on the charge of
fighting, dsorderly conduct and de-
structIon OF property. the feud Itself
continued undated until a compromise
was arrived AZ by the boy leaders them
selves.
In New York city child play is
peculiarly nuisance. The streets are
inadequate even for business purposes,
and business must go on even though
life Itself withers. New York Is not
intelligenty laid out for human use
The leisure oven of adults Il unpro-
vided for. What Is leisure TO the adult
Is the beginning and end of life to the
child. So the child finds himself in
New York city a misunderstood, perse-
cuted and Objectionable stranger in q
strange land.
As q result o. the Investigations by
Mr.. Barrows, The Peoples Institute
has undertaken a ncighborhood work
winch will correate ana broaden the
various recreation activities now going
on In tn. middle West Side. A social
centre has been opened in School l..
on West Torty-sevcn:h street. on the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

initiative OF the local school board.
The Peoples Institute has taken eN-
ecutivc charge OF the work. About this
centre there will be focused a neighbor.
hood movement, which will work Ia
De Witt Clinton playground, Oh H.,
West t'ifticth street pier, In the publ,
libraries and on the streets Mr. Gin
ton :. ChildS will bc tho neighborhood
secretary. II IL under his dlier'icn
that School 63 has been developed 81
brilliantly.
1t is planned to build this work upon
the neighoorhood groups as now or
ganized-both the child and adul,
groups. The neshborhood group vii
ne encouraged TO establish and enforce
It's own codes. There VIII be as littl,
imported work as possible. There vii
be very little pedagogical work, at least
in the beginning. The activities will DC
made So interesting that they can really
compete with the commercial amuse-
ments and gang avocatlons OF tho
neichborhood as 1t now exists.
The work In School II will he carried
out In cooperation with the recreation
centre and the after school athleti"
centre in that building and will hr
supervised for tho Board Of Education
ny Dr Edward r St.tt. the director o:
evening recreation centres.
There Is needed for one years WORT
II minlnum sum Of $4,000. OF this
sum $3.50 has been raised A larger
budget would make possible a much
more rapid development OF the work
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

For lhc Gucmpuydul,. for NAateyrr
reason In" al"d. the mentally defective
the diseased, the "pil"pti', AZ, unne-
date provision should he made. iust as
TAR ~ possible. hN IN" Department, Of
Charities a. o!msuoIsr cases. Ncw
buildings might pc rented for this pur-
pose, Friends and relatives should to
asked, and, il pos ,!blr, made, 20 help
or support such cases AZ far as may bc
practicable The various classes should
h" treated according 10 thcir needs in
various institutions.
Coming now Ia those who will not
work, these should lee firmly dealt with.
iioth 81 laul ana the modern socialist
are agreed that he WHO viii not work
shall not oat Modern charity does not
go 10 the extreme ot 81. Paul ana the
5ncinllst. We allow the man to eat.
hut "" compel him to work for his
keep, Men Of his class should bc I'm
m"dIalclr committed 80 tn" Workhousc
until proper institutions can he ne
I"lup"d Cor them, such 49, farm COLONIES.
inem,nio cuion,os, Sc, ~ witch we
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

Tho family cannot pe left IA starve
because In two or three months the
head of tho FAMILY may gct work.
When he gets II. It will usually be on
small pay. What are We 10 do for this
needy class during these eight weeks?
Whatever H. done mus be done at
once. IL ought To pr done this week
II IL Is not the sin VIII he on ,he people
OF this city, and especially those re-
sponsiblr for lis religions. its morals
ana It's charities
AS far ~ possible work should be
given to This class IN the ordinary city
activities 10y our public Institutions
New York city - dirty. Rightly or
gnniz"d, the unemployed could make Il
clean. large hummer ought to he put
10 work Immediately IN this direction
New streets which are needed could b.
opened. II has been suggested shat low
land adjoining certain city properties
could h" filed In. Some propose that
land absorbed 10y the ses should j." re-
gained Tar the city.
For women and for some NJ the men
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

that work done by the unemployed
should not urdercut or take away work
from those already IN emplovmcnt.
Great care should hr taken, also, that
the unemployed In other cities r. other
ncighbnrhoods snuuld not be- drawn to
New York by the temporary relief work.
The starting of relief work in san
Francisco and Los Angeles recently
drew into the city great many from
outlying ncighborhoodg who could get
better pay from the city than lhey
could get by working In the country
For New York city 10 make such a
result possible would be the height ol
folly.
The unemployed should be paid for
their work. ana paid. " possible al
trade union rates, The city snould not
organize the scab men against III,
union men, but 4 should give only part
tim" work, 80 that men who hay" a
chance of getting work In the ord nary
channels should not ne tempted t.
lenye II for municipal activities Some
think that the unemployed should only
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

clothing works might be started To
provide clothing for the workers In
need in this respect Some Of tn" cloth
Ing workshops to-day no: used might
be temporarily leased by the city and
some Of tho unemployed put to work
In them.
Great care should be taken. however.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

100000, or nearly one-nalc. are said to
be DAY laborers. Seventy thousand
more are IN the building trades. or
this number very large proportion
will be able 20 tind work before the
close Of the next eight weeks. and
almost all of them within three months
Bui th.s does not help matters now.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

he pu, 20 work on alternate days, with
the earnest advice to them u occupy
the intervening days in looking Tor
work
Those who are somewhat permanently
unemployed We Will speak Of later when
W. come 10 tho more permanent relief
measures
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-02-15

~ asTERDAY'S snowstorm par.
I tally and but temporarily
Owed the problem Of the city's
r.S- .-rny ~ ,,o,,,I.,...
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-05-22

Denver, May 2l.-One Of the gravest
sequels of the LUDLOW tragedy is the
arraignment and trial before a public
courtmartial of Major Patrick J.
Hammock commanding the national
guard at the bloodiest battle of the
coal strike. on fifty-two charges tina
include murder, arson and Iooting.
Many other officers and men are to
figure as defendants on similar charges
before the court martial has ended it's
sessions. The military body has
sweeping power.
If he is found guilty Of murder
Major Hammock is subject to sentence
of death by his military judges. and
from such a sentence he would have
no appeal to the civil courts. Under
such Circum stances. the only agency
that could save him from execution
would be the direct intervention Of
Governor AmmOns.
The witnesses 4 Major UamroCk's
trial thus fa"-memners of the militia.
who participated in the battle at Lud-
loW-have sworn that NJ &for Hamrocll
is innocent of the charges made
against him, that he did not order the
militia to fire until after The troops
had been fired on. and that he did
not know there were women and chill
dren in the Ludlow tent colony at the
time of it's destruction.
The strikers w'To have knowledge
Of the fighting at Ludlow and result
tant deaths of men. women and chill
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-05-22

not BE- removed from the SHIN 70 tna
hospital No hope has been held on.
for his recovery for days. Pluck ha#
done 2 lot toward keeping him alive
Stories Of SuipiuE. annbushes I'm dark
alleys, the poisoning Of tobacco given
the American sailors nv the Mexican
and Of felons given the choice If kill
ing the men from the American ship
or being thrown to the sharks in tho
sea- We're told hv tho wounded ami
sick that were brought here.
Il saw HexiCans shooting from =.
back Of Red Cross flags" declared
Basil y. Burnett, from the Soufn
Carolina. y noticed one Mex!can
walking along the Waterfront carry Fl
ing one Of the Red Cross flags Ever
once in a while he would dart IN 4
doorway Then we discovered thaf
he was firing at us. We got him duick
He had a cork leg that was partly
hollow and there were 200 cartridge
in it. In one building where a Rsd
Cross flag was flying we found dvna
mite enough TO blow up half Of Vera
Cruz Many prisoners we took said
they had been let out Of fail after
being given tSeir choice Of killing US or
being used to feed the sharks"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1914-05-22

5erfnE at her main truck. tied IN p the
navy yard here and four ambulancos
had carried three score men 20 beds in
INC shore ..ospitaL made empty ny the
transfer Of c0nvaIescent patients to
Boston. those with lighter wounds told
If the heroism Of the others who had
come up with them from Mexico.
"AN the way up the coast II was
Hello, Bill. How do Won f~eI2 say.
where old they get you ?" And "RIr'
would slowly raise up on one elbow
and turn n handaged shoulder IN the
direction of rhe cot where the voice
anne from. Then the surgeons
would pass through the ward and eN-
anime the stump Of leg. Say Joe"
anothe~ voice would call ont cousol-
ingly, you're all right. Look what
got in me A pound Of buckshOt, and
these DAYS Of real shooting"
And another would call attention
to his bandaged neck and joke about
how much money he would save by
not being able TO chew tobacco. But
that was where the last misery lay.
In another ward was Cash Erwin
Asher. A marine on the Florida. whose
1ome is in Cass city. Mich. lie IS
still so III Of peritonitis that he could