The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-08-09

world may never Know Tne 1nvta-
ton by Bulgaria and Servia to make
common cause against the Turk pre-
cipitated the issue. for her. between iso-
lation and a choice of sides. 1eolated,
she would suffer at the hands of which
ever side gained the victory. Reprisal
for her abstention could be made by
Turkey on the Greeks Of the east, and
by the European states on the Greeks
of the west. Neutrality would have
entailed the complete bankruptcy of
Hellenism in the Orient"
Whatever the cause, inefficiency. cor
ruption. Young Turk politics in the
army, exhaustion after the war with
Italy or weakening influences more
subtle. less patent, the collapse of the
Turkish power was the work OF only
few weeks. The Turks had been driven
out Of Europe though the Powers left
them in the end one little corner to
have ana to hold as they had held It
for more than four centuries; but ut
was not happy augury for the i'm
mediate future to recall tho historic
fact that the past successes of the Mos
lens had been due to dissensions and
divisions among their Christian neigh
bors"
DR.. Schurman believes that II the
Balkan States could be left to them
selves, without interference by the
Powers, they could settle their own af-
fairs and live together in peace. but
that 'if' is as big as the selfshness of
human nature. The creation OF an in
dependent Albania was one Of the most
potent OF the external causes of the
war between the allies, and that was
the work of Austria. in her persistent
quest Of an outlet to the Eeean through
Salonica, nucleus Of her undying teal-
ousy of Servia-Servia, herself always
hungerng for a slice. OF Adriatic lit
toral. 1T was not merely revenge, IL
was [economlc1 self-nterest pursuing a
consistent foreign policy which moved
the Dual Monarchy TO make the car
dinal feature of It's Balkan program me
the exclusion OF Servia from access to
the Adriatic Sea" Independent AL
bania. blocking Servia's westward out
let. turned her east toward the Hgean;
hence into direct conflict with Bulgaria,
eager for central Macedonia and real
izatlon Of her cherished scheme of an
expanded fathcrland uniting all her
scattered people.
In the curious conglomerate OF Mace
DOMAIN population. where religion over
lies race and language and a man might
be Greek to-day, a Bulgarian to-
morrow and n Servian next day" and
where the Turkish overlords had de-
/ lighted TO confound the confusion worse,
there had come about a Servo Bulgarian
competition for the Slavonic population
and when the Turk was forced out
there were seeds OF strife enough in
this religious and racial situation TO
! stir up serious trouble but II was
| Servia's reputation of the treaty of
| 1912. in which she had allied herself
extensively and defensively with Bull
garia against Turkey. that brought the
matter to the pitch of brotherly blood
shed
II Is not wise to divide the spoils
OF war until you get them. You may
not get them: or, as in this remarkable
case. Won may get more than you hope
and plan for. Servia had counted on
possession of Albania; thwarted in that
assumption, and with Bulgaria occupy
ing Thrace, unexpected acquisition, II
was expainable II not pardonahle for
her to forget the Ochrda -Golema line
and object to Withdrawing her forces
from central Macedonia, shutting her
self off from both Seas. Adriatlc and
| Egcan. Had she gone to war for
Bulgarias profit? The Imperialism of
| the army dictated eXpansionist views "a
Belgrade. A map was circulated with
| this legend:
| Territories occupied by Servia SIS 900 square
miles Servia cedes to her allies In the east
and south $500 square miles. servia cedes
to Albania 1890 square miles Servia re-
tnins $4,000 square miles--Territories oc-
cupied by Bulgaria to Enos- Medea, ST. zoo
. rniieg baf M
the ServiRns still 1920 square miles. Ac-
cording to Bulgarian pretensions Bulgaria
| should get 6l52o square miles and Servia
| only 1880
Bulgaria Of course could see no sense
in this kind Of talk:
I was in Sofa the week before the out
break Of the war between tho Allies And
the two points on which everybody insisted
were. frst. that Servia must be compelled
to observe the Treaty OF Partition. and
secondly. that central Macedonia must b.
annexed to Bulgaria.
Both sides were selfish. therefofe OBJ
stlnate. The merit of the case stood
with one foot on each side. Conditions
had indeed changed, and Servia natu.
rally enough believed in readtustmen,
to At the logic OF events. while Bull.
garia was equally human In insisting
upon the exact letter Of the law. Mr.
Pashitch, Prime Minister OF Servia, for.
mally demands revision of the treaty:
Mr. Gueshoff. Prime Minister OF Bull,
garia. assents. AS the Car had beer
named in the treaty as arbter in cas-,
OF territorial dispute. the suggestion o,
NJ Venezelos, Greek Prime Minister
was accepted: that representatives o.
tho four allies should confer at St
Petersburg. The events of the next few
days are important but obscure Saw,
DR.. Schurman: II have always though
that II Mr.. Gueshoff had been allowed u
finish his work there would have beer
no war between the Allies" But tn,
pressure from the war party at hom,
was great, and on June Mr. Gueshof
, resigned. His successor. ur. Daneff
labelled Russophle, is credited witt
assurance, that Russia would switch
from the Servian side to the Bulgarian
And So" says the lecturer,
Bulgaria opposed a conference.
tho natural, obvious and necessary methot
OF disposing Of the common business Tn,
, attitude of Bulgaria left no alternative bu
war Yet the Bulgarian Government failed
TO reckon the cost OF war. Was II no
madness for Bulgaria to force war upo
Greece. Servia and Montenegro on the ives