davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19
III.

Now, at IS. he was to begin that
almost or quite unparalleled career
OF political treachery and tergiversa-
ton which, together with an equal
depravty In private life, quite justi-
fies Johnsons eplthet of 1.-The infamous
Duke of Wharton" In Paris he met
Bolingbroke. who was Justly enough
In exile there for his conspIrings against
the house OF Hanover, and naturally
the boy fell more or less under the
sway Of the brilliant and attractive man
who had held the highest place in the
councils OF Great Britain and whom
Bsgehot has called the British Alci.
blades" There was in fact much moral
resemblance between the two, although
the elder was in every respect the SUI
perior, 1t might have been expected
that an exile for the sake OF Jacob
itism would have endeavored to make
@ proselyte of go important person
ns tho Marquis of Wharton. But Mr..
Melville upsets This presumption by
showing that Bolinebroke had already
before his meeting with Wharton broken
with the Pretender. declaring: MAY
my arm rot of If | ever use pen
or sword In their service again" It
must have been natural perversity that
induced wharton To seek out the Pre-
tender. then at Avignon, having first
addressed letter expressive OF his
loyalty to the banished house to the
Earl Of Mar. the factotum OF the poor
! Pretender. as well as to the Pretender
| himself. The advent of young Eng
/ lishman OF high rank and great pros
pectve wealth who also had the name
of much Cleverncss. was Of course par
| ticularly welcome 10 the melancholy
little court Just then. The fortunes
or the Stuarts were NJ their lowest
ebb. II was the year after the Scottish
rising. even more comic than tragic,
under the personal direction OF the
I'retender himself. Lord Mahon's his
tory shows clearly enough the lugu-
brious effects of the personal presence
and direction of the painful man. Only
a year or two ago, one or two pupils
or Andrew Lang, In book vouched
Tor by their master. undertook TO give
"a historical portrait OF the "Old Pre-
tender" They at least fully succeeded
In showing that the sketch In Thack
eray's "Esmond'' was a complete car.
feature, and that the novelist had bor
rowed the traits Of the young Pre-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19
THE PUBLICITY THAT HELPS
THE BEST SELLLNS

No amount Of Effort, NOS ''..
enormous expenditure OF NIi".N
Using. can turn qu.," b1d '' I.
into "A best seller" When 4. "a,
fully persuaded in his oWu W.'
has good thing he ,- Wei III" .
giving IL all poss hlc puh,iNt!
sellers and the public VIII do i1e .,1
The awakening of tAe ..
toward Il good book and ~
growth in popularity are '"'
nomena. and, like the grown D." ..
not easy to watch or locate
charming essaNist that hr "'' " III
caught the ear OF tho public %. "a
and MIR. HYDE" "rrelsur" U.s..
kidnapped" Backmore'S 'ls 4
hung fire at first. George NJ q
good work for forty years du'
complain of an unsNmplthrr' ''' ..-,
Marie Corelll conquered Z" N.
public largely without ne % -
viewer. and SO did IA" nu' 4
Rosary" Hail Game, W i VI. .. r
Compton Mackenzie hhNt ht ~.
latest offspring banned unn"
perienced tho good fortune = =,
an enormous publicity Rove .
have cons idrrable influence :
the reading public to good "a
probably the personal iu1u' "A
reader. dinner table talk ana nd
| generally are even more
Robert Co.Irans ~ G~ ,NooS ~ ~
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19
A Life 81 0oya.

Much that IL interesting may be
found in the stately. copiously illus
trated volume on Francisco Goyd that
HuGH STOKES has written (ierbe RI
jenkins: q. l.. Putnam's Sons). though
it Is hardly satisfactory either as "A
biography or as an appreciation Of his
peculiar art. The author has read con-
scientiously the books in French, Eng
lish. Spanish and German about Goya,
but does not seem to have had any
opportunity for original research: he
selects what suits his purpose from
these books. apparently regarding them
as practically of equal authority; he
has had the advantage of seeing for
himself nearly all of the pictures and
engravings OF Goya that are accessible,
but prefers to repeat the criticisms Of
others TO giving his own impressions.
lie describes In this manner every pic
ture OF Goya's. taking pains with the
chronology. and many OF the paintings
with a good proportion OF the etchings
are reproduced For tho gaps In our
knowledge of Goyas life he substitutes
sketches OF the history of the times
with strong suggestions as TO what
Goya under the circumsta noes might
have done, a favorite method with biog-
raphers. lie also exerts much ingenuity
to demonstrate that Goya In the his
tory OF art is a stepping stone between
Nelasquez and John $. Sargent.
Francisco Goya was born In i748 OF
peasant stock In a village not far from
Saragossa, in which city he received
his first training In painting He died
at Bordeaux In 1928. About his early
life apparently very little Ia known. and
that little Is obscured by the efforts of
his biographers to connect his life with
! the etohings OF low life that fiyst called
attention to him outside OF Spain He
made his way to Madrid, then To Rome,
which he may have visited twice though
that is unlikely. lie began to paint
in Saragossa but being dissatisfied there
proceeded 10 Madrid. where he made
| his way. and after many years attained
the object Of his ambition. the salaried
post Of court painter. The document
airy evidence shows that he was hot
tempered. perhaps litigious. certainly
O good business man. His early French
blographers have built up a legendary
turbulent youth for him. making him
out to be a typical hero OF Spanish ro-
nance. dissipated, q duellist, a bull
fighter and full of revolutionary ideas
! There Is little evidence for this, and the
probabilities are that Gova was s,mnly
as bohemian in his behavior ana his
talk ss ort students are the world aver
especIallv when thew grow remin,scen,
in later wears.
AT any rate Gown returned N Sara
eossa 10 engage In bjs trade os n
painter end sou..ht steady emnIovmen,
in providing frescoes for the cathedral
He married. and his wife Mr. stoke,
tells MS. bore him twenty children in as
many wears. He auarrellcd with ,he
clergy and with other painters, moved
to Madrid and did fairly well there
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-04-19

II was doubtless in part a Just con-
tempt for the Jacobite intrigues which
led the English Government to over
look the return of Wharton, not indeed
10 England hut TO Ireland, TO take his
seat under his Irish title In the Irish
House OF Lords. Partly. no doubt. 1t
was sympathy with the waywardness
of a bright boy and desire to give
him a chance 10 redeem himself. In
either case II was abundantly justified
by the result, for II furnished the OPP
portunity for by far the most credit
able portion of Whartons public life.
His private life was about equally dis
reputable In all Its stages, excepting
thai as his drunkenness became n more
fixed habit II barred him at last from
all circles whatsoever But that was
years afterward. The return to the
Irish Parliament OF the ex-envoy to the
I.andgrave OF Hesse -Cassel was nat
urally viewed with suspicion by the
Jacobite plolters. who took II as an
abandonment OF their cause, the more
because the Marquis's activities in the
Irish House OF Lords, while they seem
TO have had nothing directly TO do with
the politics of Gucphs and Stuarts, so
commended themselves and him to the
British Government as actually to In
duce that Government to take the I'M
precedcnted step Of creating him a
duke while he was still a minor To
he Duke OF Wharton by the selection
OF Sir Robert Walpole was much
more solid distinction than to have
been made Duke OF Northumberland
I'm part.bus' by James Ill In Dublin
In addition TO his unQuestloned parlia-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
"The Same Old Bill"

William Sulzer proved when he was impeached as governor of New York that he was not the sort of person to be discouraged by rebuffs. An expert ence that would have driven most men to obscurity and perhaps early death has merely served to keep him in the limelight, a candidate determined to "rehabilitate" himself, according to his own view of the matter, regard less of the opposition that he may en- counter. His election as an assembly, man seems to have revived his droop- ing spirits to wonderful extent and he conducted his recent campaign for the gubernatorial nomination in New York with as much vim and vigor as if there had never been so much as a shadow on his escutcheon.
 Having lost the progressive nomina- tion, Sulzer has announced that he will run for governor any way, having manufactured new party to fit the emergency. He will head the American party ticket and will also run as the prohibition candidate for governor. The other candidates on his ticket will be taken from the bull moose and prohibition parties, with candidates for delegates-at-large drawn from both the republican and democfatic ranks. With a line up of that sort, "Old Bill" is bound to make some sort of showing, although there doesn't seem to be the slightest chance of his being elected.
 Men like Sulzer can continue to play the game of politics with more or less success because of the fact that they retain a following disposed to believe in them, no matter how much they may be discredited. There are doubtless many people in New York, and in other states as well, who believe that Sulzer was made the victim of a political "frame-up" when he was busted from office. So long as this feeling continues to exist Sulzer will be able to create more or less dis turbance in New York political circles, even though he is never returned to the executive mansion at Albany.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
MODERN WAR WEAPONS

Condensed from Waldemar Kaempffert's
 Paper in American Review of Reviews
 The French "D'' bullet is larger than the German "s." Both are pointed but the ID" tapers off toward the rear, while "S' ends abruptly. Either bullet can kill a man at mile and quarter.
 Mixing machines are carried on the march to supply concrete for anchorine mortars.
 Travelling gas works supply hydrogen for the dirigibles
 Self-propelied machine shops afford re- pairs to broken down engines or motors
 In the last 10 years field artillery has been more markedly improved than farm ing machinery.
 At Gravelotte. in 1870. .1S5.00o Germans fought on line five miles long; at Yalu. in the Russo.Japanese war, General Ku- roki lined ur 4o.000 in the same length; on the battle fields in Europe now there are probably 4OOO to 5000 men to the mile.
 In 1870 one bullet m s75' found it's mark. During the Russo-Japanese war it took 1O5s cartridges to put one Japanese SOL dler out of the fighting. Millions of cart ridges in Europe in the present war have killed and wounded only thousands Dis erection and defense have kept pace with firearms and craftsmanship.
 Artillery gunners of today. crouched
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
The Fair This Week

Too much emphasis cannot be laid upon the fact that Birmingham State Fair this year surpasses all for mer exhibitions held here. It is with out exception the best fair ever held in the south.
 Because of the increasing interest Tn the State Fair the management de- cided to keep it open longer than in previous years-two weeks instead of eight or ten days; and in view of the excellence of this fair a period of two weeks is none too long.
 Despite the indictment weather of last week there was fairly good average attendance. But for the rain an immense crowd would undoubtedly have visited the grounds on Wednes- day, Thursday and Friday. Now that the weather bureau is promising clear skies it is hoped and believed that a record breaking crowd will pass through the gates every day this week.
 Out-of-town visitors will attend the fair regardless of weather, and the people of Birmingham should feel suf- ficient pride in the city's great annual event to visit the grounds, even if the weather should be unsettled. If we have the sunshine and balmy air that usually come with October the total gate receipts will reach new high record.
 Let everybody who can possibly do so spend at least a part of one day at the fair this week.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05

to go and spend a lot of money for
 moratorium at time when we had just
 turned down a rivers and harbors bill and were about Co levy an internal reve-
 nue tax would be political suicide. l, pointed out to him that we were engaged in several expensive undertakings nov and to start right out and build a hign- priced moratorium when we could just as well get along without 1t would subject the administration to lot of adverse criticism
 Then I went away and looked us
 dictionary what a moratorium is. saw at once that moratorium was not wns- 1t sounds like. Before l consulted the well-known authority. Col Noah Web ster. I would have passed moratorium in the street without the slightest recogni- tion. Sometimes when I ponder over what I have missed by not attending Harvard it grieves me very much.
 Any way, I am strong for this mora torium thing. I can't conceive why the deuce some real patriotic member of Con- gress has not started this movement long ago. A moratorium should be in the --o&iS oA C'ciy tllt1cI Wuo cOiHts ufiuti the general appelation of the plain people. A moratorium is a winner seven ways Irom-the ace. Armed with moratorium citizen may stalk jauntily down the street ana treat his creditors with cold and iornnal haughtiness. Instead of cross Ing the street to avaoid meeting the cash Ter or the First National bank who may say something unpleasant about the re- heWai or note, he can look said banker rlght In the eye and if he gets funny oraw his moratorium on him. A mora torium will make the average creditor quail. The first of the month will lose It's terrors; no longer will your heart sink Into the pit of your stomach rolling round feeling as uncomfortable as hard boiled egg when the boy announces "a gentleman to see you, sir" You can then simply reach in your inside pocket and draw out your moratorium and be prepared for eventualities. The states man, We repeat. who puts the moratorium within the reach of all of his copstitu- ency will certainly confer great boon upon society, and will be a prominent factor in the next presidential election.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
The Governor. statement

T was very much relieved when l read in The Age Herald of yesterday. ' said a member of the Cincinnati col ony, that the governor had reached the conclusion that 1t would be unwise for Alabama's legislature to act sim sle-handed in regard to the cotton sit uation.
 "I admit that I had been fearful lest he would assemble the lawmakers to- gether and advise certain legislation t'nding to decrease acreage in Ala barfia. There is scarcely a doubt but that the acreage in the south should be decreased. but if Alabama should by law decrease it's acreage and no other southern state follow suit, no good could be accomplished
 T am sadly disappointed that the conference of governors in Washing ton was such a dismal failure. Con eerted action should be agreed upon. The farmers have never acted in uni son, and now it is apparent that gov ernors cannot do so. I fear that there Is too much politics In every suggested movement. For politics, as one knows. not only causes certain action, but pre- vents certain other action"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
JOY AND SORROW
Arthur l.

Arthur Lewis Tubbs in the Boston Tran script. Joy a gentle sister has, whose name is
 Sorrow;
 Oft they walk together hand in hand. Joy comes visiting today, and then. h.
 morrow,
 Sorrow may be here to take command. Joy is but fcxle little maiden. Luring with the sweetness of her smile With flowers that quickly fade her hands
 are laden, For those that entertain her for awhile Joy a radiant creature Is, a child of
 Morning,
 In sunbeam she was rocked to rest: At her birth the angels came adorning Her abode with treasures heaven-blest. Sorrow Is |. guest who, uninvited Knocks and gains admittance to the
 heart; When she comes Joys sweetest blooms
 are blighted. Though their sweetness may not all de-
 part. Joy and Sorrow sisters are. whose tender
 mother
 Leads them both-Compassio is her
 name. One you know. and soon may know tho
 other;
 Joy grew sweeter after Sorrow came. Joy was sent from heavn. and when she leaves us,
 Though Sorrow seems to finger, 'tis
 not she; Ir is Compassion. knowing that which
 grieves us h best-for Joy and Sorrow one shall bs.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
LUKE M,LUkE SAYS

From the Cincinnati Enquirer
 The secretary of the American Social Hygiene association warns girls that they should never kiss until they have placed over the mouth a piece of tissue paper that has been subjected to bath in a sanitary solution. This, he says. will make kissing safe. But why all the trouble? If girl will eat a large, healthy onion before the fellow calls she will not have any use of the sanitary tissue paper
 When the move wagons back up in front of a house none of the women in the neighborhood get any work done until the wagons start away again.
 A mans idea of disgrace is to be caught robbing a poor box. A woman's idea of disgrace is to wear straw hat a day later than the season lasts.
 The world is a big, deserted place when you are trying to borrow some money But it is small crowded spot when you are trying to dodge the fellows from whom you borrowed the coin.
 There are more men than women in the insane asylums. A woman changes her mind so often that it is hard to wear it out.
 About the only time that friend wife knows that her opinion is wrong is when friend husband agrees with her. A man never seems to connect the two. But the fellow who has a lot of bad habits is the fellow who has a lot of bad luck.
 fellow often imagines he is stealing kiss when the fact of the matter Is that it Is being forced on him. The reason some men are unmarried is because they are waiting for a chance to grab wealthy woman who is deaf and dumb.
 The man who has 4S-inch tank always imagines that the thin man who can wear what is fashionable is dude.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
Sfnrx af IerisIntora

'"The Age-Herald is to be congratulated on its enterprise in securing data to warrant it in publishing every morning story of a member of the legislature, D said Col. R. A. Mitchell of Gadsden. Everyone in Alabama is interested, be- cause in what the legislature does every body is directly concerned. It is very fortunate that one might know in ad- vance that which he might expect to be developed in the future.
 As far as I know, no other news paper in Alabama has published stories in detail of members so far in ad- vance of a regular session. The Age Herald's articles are pleasing and instruc- tive, and are so arranged that it is very easy to clip them and preserve them. have cut out each as 1t appeared and will have them all on file when the work is complete.
 T have heard others express similar views, and I would not be surprise to learn that a great many other people are preserving the stories for further use"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
The Business Situation

In some branches of business there has been a decided gain within the past week. In others there has been little or no change. Large capital for investment is still in waiting at titude.
 The senior member of a prominent brokerage concern in New York says:
 "The trading in securities in this market, is steadily increasing, and the prices realized for unlisted stocks show less depreciation than might have been anticipated under such ex- traordinary circumstances. This fact will tend to give confidence in secur- ity values generally, and should be a material element of support when the exchange is regularly opened for business"
 In financial circles 1t has been thought and said for several days past that there would be no pro- nounced activity in new industrial op- erations until some decisive battle had been reported from the European na- tions at war. A decisive victory for the allies would have an immediate effect for good in the financial world. In New York there would be new optimism. 1t would be contagious and business throughout the country including cotton, would quickly bene. fit. Both the Germans and the allies have not only displayed doggec courage, but the power of endurance on both sides has been nothing shor of phenomenal. Some decisive result cannot be long delayed.
 In the meantime, the business inter ests of the United States will continue to improve and when cessation oi hostilities seems probable, business 1T this Dart of the world will boom.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
PLEA FOR A MORATORIUM
By BILL VINES

IVY AsHINGTON, october 4-(spe- w cial)-various and sundry
 schemes and plans have been suggested for the relief of business, and more particularly the farmer, from the burdens imposed and the hardships we nave 1allen heir to because of the pres ehl little agitation now attracting almost universal attention in Europe. While we are at peace with the world, incident ally we are compelled to pay for it be- cause our neighbors in Europe cannot a' 'his tune give any particular atten- eioi eo bargain sales being otherwise oc- cupieo. Various and sundry schemes and pians' and as I said before and now repeat, have been suggested for o,r re- hef without the suggestors heinz ahle to reach that harmonious stake in tbeir dehberations that would insure said re- ler being applied where 1t will do tho most good.
 PersonallyfI want 10 step into nro,,i. hence right at this Juncture and mako myself immortal by offering a sugges- ton. have never made myself immorta, and If I can at one fell swoop do so [ Adiil WOulu get Into the immortal ella Ss with loud splash. When one starts out to be immortal there is no use fooline round about Invade right in and select the kind of halo most desired. I wear a number 71s halo, and while so far I am innocent of ever having worn one I be- lieve that a halo would be real becom- ing to my style of beauty, if worn with becoming modesty and other clothes.
 Having delicately appologized for but ting in and at the same time taken the liberty of suggesting the propriety of suitable reward, I will now make good on my plan.
 Why not have a moratorium? Most people will wonder right off the bat what a moratorium is. The average citizens Who has neglected to acquire college education don't know The difference be- tween a moratorium and a union suit When you refer to a moratorium they are not certain whether it's a place where you hatch out fish or an asylum for the Predetermined. A friend of mine said to me, What we need in this coun- try is a moratorium l told him that he was entirely wrong for the government
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-10-05
IN HOTEL LOBBIES
nIIteracx in Jefferson

William F. Feagin, state superintendent of education, tells the following story of Mrs. Cora Wilson Stewart:
 "A little woman in backwoods Ken lucky county had vision and set agoing the moonlight schools of Rowan county. In the short space of few years she wiped out illiteracy in that county. The contagion of her ideals and example spread to other counties. and so rapidly the sentiment grew that a state com mission was appointed completely to re- move illiteracy from Kentucky. Our fed eral commissioner of education is formu- lating programme for a national cam paign against illiteracy as direct out growth 0f the work which had its incep- ton in the brain of a woman in a little county of the Blue Grass state.
 Someone, should emulate her exam pie in Alabama. Right here in Jefferson county for instance. illiteracy abounds In the county there are S07 white Hitter ates between the ages of 10 and 20, and 1871 negroes Someone patriotically should go out and find the illiterates and teach them to read and write"