The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1914-05-31

ship through the locks Is estimated at
three hours. and the passage from deep
water TO deep water at from nine to
twelve hours In the whole canal
there are twenty-five angles or course
changes. but ample provision is made
for easy and safe navigation by 1000
foot ships.
Gntun Dam. designed to gather and
retain the waters of the ChaGres River
and it's tributaries feeding C;atun Lake.
is approximately one and one-half
miles long. onc-half mile thick at its
crest. I15 feet above mean sea level
and thirty feet above normal lake sur
face. This dam contains about 2i.oo0.
600 cubic yards OF stone. concrete and
miscellaneous material. 1t 10 fitted with
gates TO regulate the water ~vel of
Gatun Lake and maintain uniform
channel depth through the thirty-oue
and seven-tenths miles OF the central
or most elevated division of the canal.
Mirahorcs. a small lake iu-~cc by
water impounded by tho Aiiranorcs
dams, Is about one-and one half miles
long and supplies the connecting link
between the Pedro Miguel and Mira
flores locks.
What will the attendance ut the
Panama Canal celebration be? is
question frequently asked. but difficult
TO answer because former cxpositions
establish no precedent whcrcon to base
dependable conclusions. Incentives TO
move millions from material distances
10 an exposition always have been
lacking. Practically tho sole attrac-
ton Philadelphia. Chicago or st. Louis
had TO profcr was its exposition. All
Of them were commemorative OF past
events: they were historical milestoaes
appealing solely TO sentiment and
patriotism. but the Panama Canal.
while equally milestone of progress.
is also n milestone in operation. grind
ing for and commanding attention from
all civilization.
No former exposition has had a du-
ration of over seven months. and OF
these the efficiency of at least three
was nullifcd by unpreparedness and
unfortunate climatic conditions. The
exhibit palaces of the Universal EN-
position OF 1915 VIII he ready for oc-
cupancy by July. 1914. Free from fear
Of frost or excessive heat the cele-
bration Will remain In operation con
tinuously for nearly ten months. and
he an occasion of intense present and
future interest. not alone to the people
Of the United States Int almost equally
10 thinking people, especially to mer-
chants and manufacturers. in Europe,
asia. Africa. Australasia and South
America.
At san Francisco the attraction of
the exposition In ana OF itself VIII be
tncomparahly great. because nature has
provided for IL the riost wonderful
Of stage settings. This inspires archl-
tccts. color and landscape artists. cleo
tricians and engineers. in cola boration.
10 produce effects impossible heretofore
or elsewhere. The trade potentiali-
ties consequent 10 the opening Of the
Pacific and Indian Oceans markets on
freight terms hitherto unobtaiuablc,
Will call aloud 10 the manufacturers
OF the United Statcs. while European
producers Will seek to maintain their
existing status. The gathering of poo
pies from Australia, Africa, Asia and
the Pacific Americas to meet the pco-
pies from the Atlantic Americas and
Europe viii be unprecedented and pre-
sent uncNamplcd humanitarian and ctiu-
caiional possibilities.
Incentives which, independent OF tho
exposition. viii draw visitors To IL arc:
universal concern in and desire to pass
through the Panama Canal: "A wide
spread interest in tho California Of
thousand iondcrs and romantic his
tory: the Yosemite; the Sicrras and the
Rocky Mountains: the Yellowstone Ma
tional Park; tho Grand Canyon. and
this VIII be extremely potentially the
desire on tho part Of possible invcs
tors and settlers 10 investigate the ad-
| NcTtiscd ADVANTAGES of the Pacific
Coast States the great Northwest and
tho great Southwest.
Incentive and opportunity rarely 60
hand in hand. but for nearly ten
months. In 1919. they VIII do SO. and
bring to hundreds of thousands of PEG
pie tho chance Of II lifetime. Railroads
always make particularly Low eXcur.
sion rates for eNpositions. generally
about onc-third more than the normal
one-way fare. and in this instance il
seems cert..iE that steamship conpc-
tition VIII further reduce transporta-
ton tariffs. and mako the trip TO and
from California-one way overland
and the other via tho Panama Canal
I 81 l., q
the usual cost. The slogan: see
the United States see the Panama
Canal! SEQ California, see the expo-
| sition!" VIII be heard ard responded
to In all parts of the world How
!. many millions Will be present al the
exposition cannot now I've foretold. but
that the attendance Will he large, rem
resentat!vc and cosmopolitan beyond
precedent is indisputable.
The illustrations In this publication
arc purposnd 10 depict everyday life
and objects In California and san fran
cisco AS associated with san Fran
cisco the most universally mentioned
subjects arc tho Golden Gate China
town, Cliff House and Seal Rocks. and
The Bay. Mount Shasta. Mirror Lake
In the Yosemite. Old Spanish House in
Monterey and bits of the rugged pa
cihc Coast and Of Monterey Bav fur
nish scenes typical Of wcll-kuown
state attractions. With only three cx-
ept'ons-Central Tower illuminated.
panoramic view and ground plan OF
! "Nros't!on-a all arc reproductions OF oil
paintings made from photographs.
| The brilliant color effects and sharp
| contrasts between light and shadow
peculiar to California scenery and at
| mosphere cannot well bc conveyed in
! black and white or ny process color
engravings made directly from photo
graphs Tn" threc exceptions prcvt-
ouslN referred 10 arc necessary MS mo
\ objects depicted viii not be connie; Ell
! nntil about June. i9li, vet their rcnro-
sontation wow is essential 10 max
clear what form and appearances tho
Pannma canal celebration of 1915 win
reveal. These particular ILLUSTRATORS
hre based IN architects and engineers.
drawings, supplemented by information
IRON tho directors OF color and
! lighting.
California Is about $50 miles IN
/ length and i'm width varies from $50
| to 300 miles. Its area IS iaS, 297 square
miles or approximately tho total area
Z or Maine. New Hampshire. Vermont
/ MASSACHUSETTS. Rhode Island. Connccti-
cut. New York AMI PENNSYLVANIA. 1t