davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-10-27

The Evening Star. with the Sunday morning
--litiou. is delivered by carriers within TIE city
~ cents pcr MONTH daily only. . cents Per
uunth Sunday only. ~ cents per month Orders
Ray be by mail. Or telephone Main 244l.
collection Is made by carrier at the end of each
,lunth.
Evening star., 1914-10-27
TIL. Evening star Newspaper Company.

l. mess Ofiee. 11th 81. anc Pennsy,vania Avenue.
New York Office: Tri 'une Building.
Htcasn Office: First National Bank Building.
Evening star., 1914-10-27

LFIn order 70 avoid delays account OF
personal absence letters to THE STAR shcnl',
not be addressed any individual connected
with the office. but simply TO THE STAR. or to
the Editorial or Business Department according
70 tenor purpose
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
BENNINGTON BRIEFS
as-s 81 thc lows md Wage Ted Bsisfh
- B.nH Qe.&en

Fred Baker Of Dewey street Is m
Miss Ella Lyons OF Troy passed
the weekend az her home here.
Mrs. Catharine Scanlon Of Adams
street is confined TO the house b. III
ness.
The young daughter OF AR. and
Mrs. Edward Miohaels Of Mil street.
is IN.
A regular meeting OF Court Ben
ningion. p. OF A. viii be held this
evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Prentice OF
Pittsheld passed Sunday with rela-
lives in town.
c. A. Weston has finished work for
j. Ed. Walbridge an dis working for
II. r. Woodman.
A regular meeting OF Catamount
Commandery. u. O. G. C., viii be
held Tuesday evening.
Miss Sarah McCue OF Troy passed
the week end with her parents. Mr..
and Mrs. John McCue.
Philip Sanders the champion check
er player who has been spending sew
eral days in town. has gone TO Bur
lington.
Sayres II. Goodell. who is employ
ed in Boston. is spending the week
end az his home here and will return
Tuesday.
Louis LaFranchise OF Hoosick
Falls passed the weekend with his
parents. Mr. and Mrs. Frank La
Franchise OF Scott street.
Miss Ethel Russell. who spent sun
day with her parents, Mr. and Mrs.
Clinton Russell OF Old Bennington,
returned to Troy this morning.
Miss Alexina Trudeau OF Holyoke.
Mass. who was employed as trim
mer at Mrs. Sausville's millinery
store last season, is visiting friends
in town.
Miss Marjorie Shurtlen was home
from Springfield. Mass. over Sunday
Today is a holiday in Massachusetts.
the anniversary OF the battle OF Lex
ington coming Sunday. today is OBJ
served instead.
William Rowe OF Rutland and Mrs.
Elizabeth Densmore. daughter Of Mr..
and Mrs. Joseph Coyne of this vii
lage. were married at the parsonage
of the First Baptist church Saturday
evening at o'clock. Rev. w. F. Mey-
er officiating. The couple left for
Rutland. where they will reside. The
bridegroom is employed by the Rut-
land railroad.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
ANOTHER FIRE IN PIrTsFIELo
Ryan Block Damaged to the Amount
Of $4,000

Pittsfeld, April 2o.-The Ryan
block at the corner of North and
Union streets was the scene OF two
alarm fire early yesterday afternoon,
and for a time its proportions were
alarming. Fine work on the part Of
the fremen stopped the flames, how
ever. after they had gained great
Roadway in the fourth floor and I'M
finished attic OF the block. and the
protective brigade so effectively used
the rubber blankets in the ground
floor stores of the block as to mini
mize the loss, which would other
wise have been extensive because Of
water. The total damage will be be-
tween $4,000 and $4,000. Occu-
pants of the block either had not or
did not care to estimate their losses
yesterday. The Spa theatre, which
was to have conducted a benefit mo-
ton picture show yesterday after
noon and last night, suffered consi-
derable damage through water. the
floors being flooded and the plaster
ing soaked with water.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
Promotina the Janitor.

They were joint owners Of an apart
ment house and one day the junior
partner sought his colleague in some
urepidation.
"rhe janitor wants $40 more n
month or he'll leave. hate to give
up the money, but we can't spare him"
The senior partner disappeared and
returned in q few moments.
Its all right" said he, "Ive salts
fed him. and it didn't cost US any
thing"
Flows thatf"
"The janitor is now the superintend-
ent"
Good work. declared the junior
partner But why didn't you make
him superintendent in the FIRST placer
Because answered the senior MEM
Der. IL knew he'd want a promotion
eventually. Every man wants pro-
motion some time and, TO my mind, a
good man deserves one."-Judge.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
Smoky Cities Also Eoaay.

The relation between smoke aud fog
IS ably set forth in n bulletin issued by
the Mellon Institute of Industrial Re
search. University OF Pittsburgh. and
written by Or. Herbert II. Kimball.
professor OF meteorology. United States
weather bureau. He sums up the mat
ter by saying:
city fogs are more persistent than
country fogs. principally because of
their increased density due to the
smoke that accumulates in them.
I'm consequence OF the above there
are fewer hours of sunshine in the
cities than in the surrounding country.
1.-THE sunshine is less intense in the
city than in the country. the light OF
short wave lengths, or the blue light
suffering the greater depletion"
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20

to understand their work that Den
mark, though small, has become a
great agricultural country Condi-
tions over there now are excellent
The demand for bacon, butter and
eggs in England can hardly be sup
piled and the market for Danish ba-
con in Germany has increased enor-
mously.
Nowhere else have the possibilities
Of the small farmer been developed
as in Denmark. The tendency over
there is to cut up the great estates
into small tracts and work these in
tensively. In Denmark family can
make a very good living out OF 20
acres. These would be devoted to
raising COWS and peas, and perhaps
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20

some chickens. There would prob
ably be half a dozen COWS. You see,
there are only ii weeks when cows
can feed in the open, and on the
place quantities OF sugar beets and
mangel wurzel-big beets-are
raised. Then the farmers import
through corporations the very best
fertilizers at low prices, such as. if
bought by them as individuals, would
cost great deal of money.
As consequence what was once
the poorest country in Europe has
now become the most prosperous.
Undoubtedly the same effort would
bring as great results here.-Phil.
adelphia Record.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
pENMARNs LESSON TO US
AS Set Fourth by Our Minister tc
That Country

Udl SSduNil
Undoubtedly the best farmers on
the Atlantic seaboard today are
those OF eastern Pennsylvania, who
by over two centuries of labor have
made this section of the state bios
som as a rose. notably in such gard
en- counties as Lancaster. To them
Intensive and intelligent farming
need not be held up as a model, but
TO others it may be interesting to
learn how Denmark has solved the
problem that is now bothering all
sections of the United States. It is
not a new story, but is worth retell--
ing in the words of DR.. Maurice Fran
els Egan our minister to Denmark,
who is now in this country on
leave of absence. In holding up the
remarkable achievements of the
Danes as lessons to Americans he
lays stress upon intensive farming
and cooperation, as follows:
By cooperation the Danes have
brought under control the exorbitant
ueDlduuS OF i0e lllluulenel. ne
climate of Denmark is the worst in
the whole of Europe, and the soil of
the country is by nature admittedly
the worst, and yet those disadvant-
ages, given them by Nature, the Dan
ish farmers have solved by tackling
their problem scientifically.
| venture to say that if the aban-
doned farms in Massachusetts alone
could be put under the direction of
competent Danes they could be made
to yield food enough to supply the
whole of New England.
The farms in certain sections of
the East are exhausted because the
farmers themselves have exhausted
them. But they can be restored.
That has been done in Denmark In
1S4S the soil of that country had
been exhausted by generalization of
wheat.
But so well have the farmers come
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20

Little Pitchsrs-Why, you amt afraid
of mice. are you. Miss Gabby? Nervous
Caller-Of course Pm afraid Of mice.
Why shouldn't be? Little Pitchers
! was watching TO see you ketch the
mouse I let out of the trap that scared
you. Mamma says you're an old cat
Baltimore American.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20

Some OF the signs of worms are: De
ranged stomach, furred tongue, belch
ing, variable appetite, increased
thirst, acid or heavy breath, nausea,
enlarged abdomen, variable bowel ac-
ton, pale face of leaden tint, blush
rings around eyes, itching of nostrils,
languor, irritability, disturbed sleep.
grinding OF teeth, irregularity of pulse
If your child is not one of the ro-
bust kind, start in to use DR.. Trues
Elixir. the Family Laxative and
Worm Expeller. today. Soc, SOC and
s1.00. Advice free. Write me.
Auburn. Maine NN<, JhlA4
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20
Worms Are Enemies Of Children

Worms are one of the most dread
ed diseases of children. There is
nothing better than DR.. True's Elixir
to expel worms of all kinds and to
keep the stomach in good order.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1914-04-20

First manufactured by
my father in 1851. Our
mothers and grandmoth-
ers used this remedy and
found it to be ideal for
its purpose.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
FORD WoRKMEN
SAVE THEIR COIN
Three-fifths Of the Increased Salary
10 Going into the
Banks

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service
DETROIT, Mich, July 11.-Three-
fifths of the s10.00o,oo0 which Henry
r'ord, head of the Ford Motor Co.. IS
sharing with his employees, is being
saved by the workmen, according to
estimates tonight by company officials
and bankers with whom the majority
of The workers do business. Since the
profit-sharing plan became operative
six months ago, the employees have In
creased their bank deposits by nearly
100000. Business at one institution
alone. Highland Park state bank, in
which Henry Ford is heavy stock
holder, has increased at the rate Of
$4,000 day as direct result OF the
SIS minimum wage scale at the Ford
plant, according to figures made pub
lie today by Walter Durham, cashier.
The total increase from Ford employees
alone, Durham said. was close to ST.
100000.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
FLOATING BODY Is
FOUND IN RIVER
Fisherman Finds Remains Of E6ward
r. Judson Who Drowned
July z.

FORT MADISON, July II. The
body Of Edward F.. Judson OF Oak
Park, III. who was drowned near OF
ter Island, near Burlington. July Z.
was found this morning by Charles
Young, fisherman, who lives mile
above Fort Madison The body had
become entangled in some snags at
the head Of Lead Island when found
by the fisherman. The remains were
discovered few minutes after 700
o'clock and at 10 o'clock the author
tiles in this city were notified.
Young had gone over to the island
to raise some nets which he had
placed there recently, when he de-
scribed an object which resembled a
body, and after getting closer he
found that his supposition was cor
rect. The fisherman securely tied the
body so that it could not float away
and came to this city at once. It was
first thought advisable to call Cor
oner Korschgen Of Keokuk and hold
the inquest here but later the author
tiles pnoned r. A. Prugh, coroner, OF
Burlington, and he came down to
Lead Island shortly before noon and
returned to Burlington with the body.
The inquest was held there this at.
ternoon.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
326 Main

in some Sunday School. The Junio.
league has disbanded for the suni ,,es
Epworth league devotional mee'' :,
at p. m. No preaching service -
night as the union services VIII pe -. -
the First Baptist church. Pea Os,oS
in the morning by the pastor 10 Wi
all are invited. Junior league ann .s
social Thursday night in the chu'''''
Bethel A. NJ. E. church, corner -
enth and Morgan streets. J. :. 9Th 9Th
B. D., pastor. Parsonage, 40 ~ :,
Seventh street-Morning service ,,ss
the church, 10:45; roll call ana c,ss an
meeting, u noon; Sunday school, .,s s.s
to 1880. Parents send your GNU .S.r
to the Sunday school and save =
The afternoon service will 10
Rand park, 4:30. Rev. Dr.. FRAN
.Beardsley, pastor First Cons soon
tional church, will preach the sen n.rk
These afternoon meetings at the
ara growing more and more ln.s ~.
ing. Plenty of water nearby anu rs,.
officers Of the church will use e's''
.e6ort to seat ell who may come
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
Phone 1869

ing service at the Baptist church I'M
der the charge OF the Young Peoples
council. Bible school, with class for
adults, at $3.50 a. m. A cordial invi-
tation to the public to all these SER
vices.
The Methodist Protestant church,
Twelfth and Exchange streets, J. o.
Ledbetter, pastor, residence 1417
Bank street. Sunday school at $50,
W. c. Thon, superintendent; preach
ing by the pastor at 10:45 a. m. Sub
ject-"Christian Growth" Christian
Endeavor at GAS a. m. There will be
no evening service owing to the I'm
ion meetings at the Baptist church
under the management Of the Youns
Peoples societies OF the city. We
shall be pleased to have you attend
these meetings.
Trinity Methodist Episcopal church,
corner Tenth and Main streets. VIII
liam H. Neil, pastor, 619 Morgan
street Sunday school at $3.50 q. m.
Classes for AL ages. Don't fail to get
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

Park street-Morning school 9:45;
afternoon, Rock Hall, 2:30; preaching
services. IL q. m. and 8 p. m. Morn.
ing subject, AN Example Worthy OF
Emulation" evening subject, IAN In
dictment and Conviction" Mid-week
prayer meeting Wednesday, 8 p. m.
The public cordially invited to attend
First Church OF Christ, Scientist
1928 Main street (second floor, en-
trance on Eighth street Services
Sunday morning at 1915: subject,
Sacrament" Sunday school at $50.
Wednesday evening meeting at 7:45
The Christian Science reading room
is open Tuesday, Thursday and Fri
day afternoons from $3.50 to 4:30
o'clock.
First Westminster Presbyterian
church, Seventh and Blondeau sire cts.
Rev. E. B. Newcomb, d. D., pastor.
Services at 10:45 a. m, with preach
ing by the pastor. No evening ser
vice, except the Y. P. s. c. E. at Z
o'clock. in the chapel Union even
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
Church Announcements
TIME SUNDAY SERMONS LOCATION CHURCHES, TOPIC
sERMONS AND SPECIAL MUSIC GIVEN
VAR JoUs sERvIcES

St. Mary's Catholic church. corner
Fourteenth and Johnson streets, Rev.
George Giglinger, pastor-First mass
at Z a. M; second mass at 8 a. m.
st. Francis de Sales Catholic
church, Fourth and High streets, Rev.
James Dunnion, pastor-rfrst mass
at s a. M; second mass at 10 a. m.
st. Peters Catholic church, Ninth
and Bank streets, Rev. James Giles
pie, pastor, Rev. s. Davis, assistant
First mass at 6:15 a. M; second at
Il: 80 a. M; third at a. NJ: fourth at
1880 a. m.
Salvation Army, No. SIS Main
street-Sunday, IL a. M, "How to
Walk with Cod" Sunday evening, s
p. m. Rev. Ralph Means will preach.
All are welcome.
st. Paurs German EvangelicAl
church, Eleventh and Timea streets.
A. C. Ernst, pastor-Divine services,
1890; Sunday school at Oils. Wis
itors are welcome. No evening SER
vices.
Swedish Evangelical Lutheran
Church, corner Twelfth and Morgan
streets. Rev. A G. Fjeliman, pas
tor.-Sunday school at $50 a m.
Morning service at 1890. Evening
OF n'clnok
First Congregational church, cor
ner Sixth and High streets, Rev. Frank
G. Beardsley, s. T. D., pastor.-Sun-
day school, 9:45. Morning worship,
10:45; Conservation in Religion"
The public is invited. No evening
worship.
Swedish Methodist church, corner
Twelfth and Concert streets. A. w.
Carlson, pastor-Sunday school at
$3.50 a. m. Epworth league meeting
at 10:45 a. m. The Ladies' Aid So
ciety will meet Wednesday afternoon
at the home of Mrs. Ed Nelson, Sew
enteenth and Fulton streets.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
sIames It to Speculation.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service
PITTSBURGH, Pa, July 11.-Spec-
ulation was blamed by George F. Hoff-
meister, auditor OF the Colonial Trust
company, OF this city, and promin-
emit church man, tonight for his arrest
on charges of felony and embezzle-
ment in connection with the alleged
theft Of $4,000 from strong box OF
that institution on May %. Hoffmeis-
ter was said by bank officials and de-
tectives to have made clean breast
of the crime. duplicating Herman
Borchesers, paying teller, also under
arrest. All but $4,000 was returned.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

Baptist church. Rev. McAllister
will preach on the subject, "Hyna-
mite" at 10:45 a. m. In the evening
at 8 p. m. the combined Young Peo-
pies societies Of the city will have
charge Of the meeting. Sunday school
at $50 and B. Y. P U. at GAS. Bak-
er Mission service will be at 2::30
p. m.
The United Presbyterian Church,
corner of Blondeau and Ninth streets
Rev. H. B. McElree, pastor, 500
Franklin street.-Sabbath school at
$3.50. L. A. Hamill, superintendent
Morning service at 1915. Subject,
NO Difference" Y. P. C. U. at 6:45.
Union service at 8 o'clock in the Bap-
list church. All welcome.
Redeemer English Lutheran Church
Fourteenth and Johnson streets. M.
Engel, pastor, 1405 Johnson street
No morning services. Sunday school
at $3.50. Evening services at eight
o'clock Ladies' Aid society will meet
at the parsonage Wednesday after
noon. Cordial invitation to all.
Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Mis-
sion church, Fourteenth and Morgan
streets-Sunday school at $50 a. m;
morning srvice at 1880 a. M; even.
ing service, 7:45 p. M; Young peo-
Pies meeting on Friday evening at
7:45 p. m. Summer school COM
mences tomorrow, Monday at a. m.
All children are welcome.
st. Johns Episcopal. Concert and
Fourth streets, Rev. John G.. Sage, rec
tor, Rev. R. c. McIlwain, D. D. rec
tor-emeritus. Morning service $3.50
O'Clock with sermon by A. Lee Jones.
Subject, Character Seen in the Face"
Text "And all that sat in the council
looking steadfastly on Him saw His
face as it had been the face Of an
angel Sunday school 10 a. m.
Second Presbyterian church, West
Keokuk. Pastor. J. G. Hughes. 171S
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

Second Presbyterian church, West
Keokuk. Pastor. J. c. Hughes. 171S
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

St. Mary's Catholic church. corner
Fourteenth and Johnson streets, Rev.
George Giglinger, pastor-F1rst mass
at a. M; second mass at Q a. m.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
Local Man Is RunnerUp IN ( Iowa
State Golf Tournament Which
Ended Yesterday at
ottumWa.
SCORE is 10 UP AND 8
Local Man Failed to Play up to His
Usual Standard and Ottumwa
Youngster Makes Big
Gains.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.l
OTTUMWA, Iowa, July 11.-Arthur
Bartlett, 20 year old Ottumwan,
achieved his golfng ambition here
/ this afternoon, when he won the state
championship. defeating Perdew Shell
don, OF Keokuk, 10 up and to play,
in the finals of the tournament. The
young champion never was in danger.
His short work was 1awless and he
reeied of eight and ten foot puts
one after another throughout the
match. Bartlett played his best golf
of the week. His morning card was
rs which equaled Don Newburn's mark
made in the qualifying round.
Sheldon generally out-drove young
Bartlett, some Of his tee shots getting
upwards of $50 yards, but his ap-
preaching and putting was sadly of.
Bartlett had Sheldon dormie II at the
twenty-fifth hole. The Keokuk man
took the next two holes but Bartlett
won the twenty eighth and final hole
of the match.
Roland Harrison, last years champ
ion, did not defend HIS title.
Don Newburn, Des Moines, playing
in the champion consolation, got two
on No. hole which is 271 yards long
and par four. Newburn drove the
green and holed his putt. Newburn
was defeated by w. X. Groves. also
OF Waveland, up and 2 to play.
Sheldon, the local Country club ia
vorite, won his right to play in the
finals Saturday through his defeat OF
|J. L. Bever of Cedar Rapids. on Fri
day, up and 4. He with James Mat
less, who dropped out early in the
week, represented the local club at
the meet. His friends here were all
pulling for him to duplicate the feat
of the late DR.. John Maxwell and
bring championship to Keokuk.
! Out of justice to the local man It
must be said that he has had prac-
tfcally no practice. The local course
has not been in shape to afford him
any work out of the kind necessary to
use in a championship match, and
with the exception of day or two
at Burlington in match play there, he
has had practically no work out. In
view OF this fact his honor as runner
up is considerable.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12
Parallels,

Marshalltown Times-Repub1iean: A
Whisky creek has its source near
Sioux City. Neither creek nor city
has ever gone dry.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

With Presto Demountable Rims you can change on
the road in thirty seconds after car is lacked up
The operation is simple Turn Button, pull down
a Lever, ia Ike of lockingring and demount Rim 1t
never stickA Presto Rim goes as quickly as it
comes or Just push up the lever No hard labor.
No temper lost
3Ox3h front and rear. This means that you can
use your spare rim with your tire inflated on either
front or rear wheel
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-07-12

Presto Demountable Rim with lever thrown down;
the locking ring may now be removed, when the
rim slips on easily
This rim enables you to save tire expense When
your rear tires show signs Of wear, shift them to
your front wheels. The Presto Demountable Rim.
contrary to other makes of rims, requires no Nuts,
Bolts Special Tools
With Presto Demountable Rims you get four new
wheels with rims applied. and one extra rim to
carry your spare shoe, size 30x311 front and rear
We also include "a hub fange bolts to use In put
ting your old hubs in the new wheels
The star-independent. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1904-1917, 1914-10-14
entertained AT CARDS IN
HONOR OF their Guests
Tne Misses Marks Gave Charming AT
fair at Their Riverside Home Com.
pHmentary to Miss Rogers and
Miss Motter

The Misses Lura and Emily Marks
entertained at their home in Riverside
last evening, complimentary to their
cousins, Miss Dorothy Emile Motter,
of Nesquohoning. and Miss Catherine
Rogers, of West Philadelphia.
The rooms were prcttily decorated
with autumn foliage and scarlet sage
and the guests spent a pleasant even.
ing playing five hundred and bridge.
Late in the evening supper was served
to the following guests:
Miss Motter, Miss Rogers, Miss Mary
Frazier, Miss Edith Thomas, Miss
Clara Bell johnson, Miss Marie Shoop.
Miss Florence Zeiders, Miss Margaret
Baker, Miss Elizabeth Wertz, Miss
Anna Catherine Wertz, Miss Marian
Stoutfer, Miss Elizabeth Stouffer. Miss
,Emma Thompson, Miss Florence Kreid.
er, Miss Lura Marks, Miss Emily
Marks, Mrs. Elizabeth Marks. Mrs.
William Stouffer, George Stouffer. Car.
son Marks, Edward Zeiders, Miller
Thomas, Frank Baker, George Benner,
George Traupman, Foster Traupman,
John Stouffer Henry Wertz, David
Vert, Paul Shoop, Milton Bomgard.
ner, Ned Boger and William Marks.