The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-12-01

N,ch;ne-v Use Oh American
looking Raw Flesh Scasonod
n Animal is Dyinp-Cnod
n Evil Spirits-Witches a~G
Witch Observation-Disclosures and MI
sion Work. ~ Wis
c Temuco. Chile.
V'~opyrighter, 1914, by Frank G.. Car
penter.)
Iemuco is one of the live towns Of
southern Chile. 1t is about mn
miles south of Panama, situated IN
wooded country back from the coaCt
When l first visited it, about fifteen
years ago., 1t was on the edge Of tha
frontier. 1t was surrounded bv In
dlans n It's wide streets, lined with
log caplns, were rivers of mud. The
country ROADS were almost impassa-
Ole n The stumps still stood in the
streets. Today Temuco has more than
Zo,Voo population and it is an up-to-
GATE South American city. It's ono
story houses of brick and stone are
covered with stucco, painted in the
orlSntest colors. and they stand
upon VIDE streets, well paved with
COPIES. The streets cross one an
other at right angles. The town is
iaid out IN checkerboard fashion. with
a large plaza in the center. The nlaza
Is niied with flowers and trees and
the band plays there of a Sunday.
Temuco is the chief supply point of
an farming district. The
chleI crop Is wheat, and much of if
Is painted and harvested with Ameri-
can machinery. There are MANY large
stores and in them l see plows from
Moline and windmills from Chicago.
The international Harvester COMPANY
does a big business at this end Of the
continent. It's thrashers and reapers
are to be frequently seen, and much
or the machinery is moved by Amer
1can engines. At the same time the
OLD tramps on the heels Of the new.
Inc oxcart crowds the automobile.
ana cattle. yoEed by their horns, toll
through the. streets pulling great
loads. The place is a mixture of saw
asery and civilization. The streets are
nlled with well dressed men and wo-
men of a half dozen nationalities,
and there are also Indians in ponchos
and Indian girls riding astride, gal
Looping along on their ponies.
The Indians of Temuco are the fam
ed A~raucanians. They have reserya-
blocks surrounded by those of new
settlers from Europe and Of the mod
ern ChilenO. The rude homes Of the
indians are scattered over the coun-
try. ! have visited several of the res
ervations and have watched them reap
ing their grain with Amrican reapers
and thrashing it with American
thrashers. I have met some of the
braves. and a few Of the squaws. and
am therefore able to Civ a ain NOV
ing picture of the last Of the race as
1T is in this good year 1914.
But first let me say a word Of the
Ar2uc mans of the mast Vn, have
all heard of the Incas, who once ruled
from Ecuador far down into Chile.
They had in their dominion Ecuador,
Peru, Bolivia and the northern part
Of this country. They tried to cap
ture the south, but when tney reached
n lands Of the Araucanians they
were met by the decree, "Thus far
shalt thou go and no further" The
A~raucanians kept the Incas out of
about all the land below Santiago, and
1t Is claimed now that they were never
really conquered by either the Incas
or whites.
There Is no race which has caused
the SpaniardS so much trouble as the
~Araucanians. For three generations
they waged a successful war against
the Spanish invader, destroying his
forts and b~esieging his cities. They
killed Pedro Valdivia, the man who
Santiago, and it was Only inch
by inch that his successor drove them
toward the south. When they were
finally o~verpowered by great numbers
they refused to be the slaves and hire
lings of the conquerors. They %contin-
ued their fighting, off and on. and to-
day they maintain their w identity.
They have their own farms, and they
lead lives apart from the descendants
OF the White-skinned invaders who
robbed them of the empire they once
Possessed. I say empire, for the Arau-
canaan possessions comprised the best
part of the Chile of today. Much Of
IT was farmed by them. They grow
crops of corn and potatoes, and in the
far north they had llamas n alpacas
which they Got from the Incas.
The Araucanians of that day were
very much like our Indians of eastern
North America. They did a little
farming, but most Of them lived by
hunting and fishing. They were war