davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
MARKET TANGLE
Being Overcome
Financial Affairs Slowly but
Surely Getting Back to
Normal Condition.
GOLD POOL NOT NEEDED
Protection Planned for Cotton May
. Not Be Neeessay-Interest
Rates Reduced.

New York, Nov. lL-Conhdence re-
celved heavy re-enforcements during the
past week and one by one barbed wire
eptanglements Of restricted trading are
being overcome This advance to be per-
manent must be slow and the field Is
by no means clear for the resumption
of speculative operation or the nquida-
ton Of weak accounts.
Securities carried by stock brokers are
tied up in a manner that prevents them
from being q menace at this time and
the rise that has occurred in outside
prices for standard issues has relieved
greatly the necessity for liquidation in
some quarters.
Bonds Show Advance.
Bonds have shown advances that car
ried prices to level that invites realiz-
ing sales for new issues which will die
tate interest rates to the disadvantage of
many Of the lower yield rate of bonds.
With the pilinE up In banks here of
idle funds, the ebseOce Of any new de-
mand fCT money in stock exchange cir
cles caused bankers voluntarily to re-
duce interest rates in many instances to
81 per cent and this brought a more
liberal attitude upon the part Of some
Institutions toward the few weak loans
-peing carried. -
Quite the most important DEVELOPMENT
drop in foreign exchange to several cents
per pound below the export gold figures.
The return to normal conditions in this
market is rightly attributed tothe ex-
piration OF a moratorium at London.
"GOId POOI' Not Needed.
There is no longer any necessity for a
gold pool" and with the establishment
of the working forces in the Federal re-
serve banks during the coming week II
pool will have passed and financial con-
ditions will improve more readily with
out artificial arrangements for prices.
On Wednesday the announcement
was made that supervisor of dealings
necessary This was followed by an |
active and rising market in "surb"
stocks with notable dealings in the oil !
shares at rising prices. Public auction !
sales Of securities were also resumed |
on Wednesday for the first time since
July, and yesterday the stock exchange ]
committee of FIVE permitted unrestrict- /
ed trading in listed municipal and
State bonds for domestic account. Deal 1
ings for future delivery or "to arrive"
still must be submitted for approval |
Efforts to resume trading upon the /
floor" in bonds still meets with oppo-
sition. Efforts were made during hte /
week to get permission to deal in
those listed shares at about or above
the closing prices of July 80. This
is being fought by interests that hope
with further delay to defer any action
that might precipitate failure of houses
known to be weak.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
For "Common.sensen Saloons.

Plans for abolishing the present type
Of saloons and replacing them with. a
class Of resorts ito which q man may
take his wife without injuring his repu-
tation," will be discussed by the Com
nonsense Anti-Saloon League, at a mass
meeting in the New Willard Hotel, at 3
o'clock this afternoon.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15

Liverpool. Nov. 1.-THE directors of
the Liverpool cotton exchange an
nounced today that on Manday trading
will be restricted until 8 p. m. and un-
restricted thereafter. Trading will be-
gin with May-June onward, but no
transactions viii be allowed extending
more than fifteen months ahead.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
North Capitol Declares Dividend.

The board Of directors OF the North
Capitol Savings Bank. at a meeting
yesterday, declared q dividend OF 3
per cent, which will be paid in jan
uary, according to an announcement
last night by W. /. Plant, treasurer.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
THE WASHINGTON HERALD
LOST.

LosT-YALUABLE COLLECTION FOR
eign views, between the Naples and non
i st. N. W. Liberal reward and no
9qss.i2ns After p. m, Apartment -.
TIE NAFLEs.
Losr-oN 18th ST. CAR, FRIDAY AFTER.
booa. iar1e cameo PIN Please return and receive
Ieuard 50 Pa. aIe. nR.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
statesmen.

Advertising Calendars Leather Goods and Novel
ties Over loo different pieces Of leather goods.
memorandum book and diGrieA q well Ss the
best line Of calendars and specihlties. We have
the reputation Of bsing the most progressive house
In the Advertising Speciality hsld- THE ELWoOD
MYERS CO., Springfield, Ohio.
Statesmen wANTED-ALUAIINUM UTENSILS
and specihlties Hardware and department store
trade connections preferred. Prices that set the
business Exclusive territory to $500 men ALUM
mum PRODUCTS CO., Lemont. III.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
Are You Worried

-IeIlTIlns any matftT about Whleh yo1 arc IN
ablo 70 secure infoFmationl
Let u help you-our experts win eieaF you up
on any point you wish. Everything strctly
cnhdential-absolutely reliable. Onical refer 4
nce furnished on request
LICENSED BONDED.
DevelOpfnE Co., 3IO MaryInnd Bldn.
DAY AND NIGHT PHONE ST. GlL.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
UPHoLsTERING.

FTvEPIEcE PARLoR SUITES. UP I'D
holstsred in tapestry, 500 up. Free dsiiV-
ery Satisfaction guaranteed. Consult Us
Ast. ACME UPHoLsTEaING 90. lO9 H
Tth st. Main eT. III
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
TYPEwRITERS
VIOLIN SCHOOL.

A PRoMTNENT VIOLIN SCHOOL
In Scholarship Contest.
II OfeTs 4 complete term Of lessons win fres
N Tiolins for home uss- Course. S. or can Be
paid 0c pr lesson. Phone Main SeaJ.
~ Call u Writs ~ nth T. m.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
PERSONALS.
DermatoIOgist Institution.

Face corrector. all blemishes removed
from the face; imperfect features. birth
or accident. corrected; rough and coarse
pores smoothed, and skin refined: COM
plexion cleared; hollows and wrinkles re-
moved. 1922 II st. Phone n. $500.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
OLD COINS.

BROOD 80 TO 500 CHICKS IN ONE FLOCK
with Candee east-iron Colony Brooder. Costs
less per chick and rases more Of them Burns
crai self-regulating. easy to set at no danGer Of
FIRE. Write for frse druuisA. CANDLE Ncu-
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15

WALL PAPER. i0C. nc, &c. AND &C
paper. &c and loc Ger piece; rooms pa
Ss5.d Is SR s.i;s3F s. e s:psE'ff s@ fSsss sass1St x
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
WINDOW CLEANING.
PAINTING AMI PAPERHANGNG.

Psoss y AZ ,s Io a4yl ., EcCs NIEDoWS
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15

R. sSSSfSso $1.OO and up
CAP. BEDDING CO., i2il Ith ST. North s&.-
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
OFFICES FOR RENT
FACTORIES FOR RENT

MODERN OFFICE ROOMS, 8 PER MONTH
and up OLIVER METZERoTT. lno Il. Nv.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15

Linen Shades, S5eI Opaque, 65eJ Not
the cheap lind: HartshoEn roller; cl WITH anpie
ams day; sleeping porch curtains speciality; nail
ondsn solicited. North. 2ss. FactoEy. l5U North
cspitol Il CAPITAL AWNING co.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
HELP WANTED-FEMALE.

HELP WAETED-FEMALE.
MADAM-EARN IS To s. WEEKLY. CO
operate With me evenings at home; no caEEssng;
everything furnished Don't worry about capital
will help you. BOYD c. BROWN. Omaha, NsbE.
DO EASY, PLEASANT CoLoRING WORK At
home; Euod Pay. canTAsSing; no experience ~
quircd. Illus. particulars free. HELPING HAND
STORES. Dept 81. Chicago.
woMEN-sELL GUARANTEED HOSIERY TO
friends. neiEhbos and general WearsF; 70 PER cent
profit; make 30 daily; experience Unnecessary. IN
TERNATI0SAL MILLS. West PhfAdelphih, Pa.
APPRENTICES 10 LEARN FRENCH DRESS
cutting, dreanaking. designing. and millinery:
Eood positions furnished after learning. NEW
YORK MILLINERY ACADEMY. Ills @ q.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
PUBLIC sEN0GRAPHER.

WANTED = sTENoGRAPHTo. TYPEwRiTTNG
and notary work at THE WORK SHOP" &
RiEgs Building. Main SlS6 stenoEaphGs fur
nished.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
NEW YORK BANK STATEMENT.
Furuished by W. 3. HIbOs & o.
LiHernool Cation Plans

Decrease. fIncreas,
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
FOR sALE-HOUsEs.

FOR sALE-MIsCELLAUEoUs..
FOR sALE-A THOROUGHBRED DRIVING
horse 5 years old tl2 Apply THos. r. CLARK
COAL YARDS. Srd and K %. nv.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
CORSETS.
MATTRESSES AND BOX SPRINGS.

Avn BOX sPRMes.
The Washington herald., 1914-11-15
BUSINESS ANNOUNCEMENT.
THE RATIONALE OF DIVORCE.
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES.

% INVESTED NOW MAY MAKE Son. TERMS
81 monthly interest In land and oil DEVELOPMENT.
Address BENNETT CO., ~ FiDt National Bank
Bldg Houston. Tea. ..-.
Evening star., 1914-11-22

Whitney. Taking all things into con-
sideratio they are low.
"The labor cost on all our farms. and
especially on our eastern farms, how
ever is high. That is something that
enters into the abandoned farm and the
cost of living problems. There is too
much hired work and not enough fam
lily work on our farms. Furthermore We
are attempting to cultivate too much
land per person. What we need Is
more intensive as opposed to extensive
farming.
The average farm in the state of
New York, as an instance, contains
6S.S acres of improved land. with an
average of one and one-half persons
cuItivating it. In France the average
is one person to cultivate five acres, and
in Germany one person to eight acres.
Contrast that with the one person to
about forty-flve acres here. One person
cannot handle forty-f1ve acres and get
efficient results
"In other words, we want more farm
Evening star., 1914-11-22

1T would be infinitely better for the
state if it had more farms of from
twenty to forty acres, with family on
each capable of working the farm with
its own labor.
In New York state an average of
S2S4.72 annually is expended per farm
for farm labor. and there are 45,095
farms in the state reporting the use
of hand labor. Under the European
system that money would have been
Kept in the family. For this and other
economic reasons it is better for the
state to have small independent farms
than the larger and more expensive
farms.
IF the size of the farm can be ad-
justed to the size of the family the la
Dor charge can be saved to the family.
That is the principle of what we know
as European agricultural thrift
Another cause of lack of efficiency
in American agriculture is the failure
generally to adjust the class of peo-
pie and their experience in handling
crops to the trpe of soil that is adapt
Evening star., 1914-11-22
Extraordinary Demand for American Foodstuffs
Expected to Stimulate Interest in Agriculture
in This Country-Prof. Whitney, Uncle
Sans Expert, Tells of Situaton-The Aban-
doned Farm


teNtured It:lf ls produced nhh'f lEe
most intensive cultivation, men nov
Sells LOT as lluth as = foIh". -
against -o or ~ Genus Il p"uhu LOT W."
leaf previously grown,
me bureau Researches ma tis" t'-
suited III notable ana Nticanie @ @th'ihs - -
IN the growing "I t"pt''" .LoPS ''
North taroliia, florida, lanai,i'
Texas, ONO ana VI lstoiislt, Hh" o. rl'ia
crops in South carolina. MISSISSIPPI.
Louisiana and Texas
studies OF cotton sous. "f .ilhaIl SOILS
and the effect OF irrigation on thth'' o'
soil physics ana the relation OF pro
duct'EenesS 10 IN" ht'hallital toilu'-
tion of the ground. ana the lhlbofthh'"
of proper drainage ana tlllaet as r.
lated to crop rotation ana l"ftillZ.'
tion-all these are among the WORMS "
III" pui "a" VI ~ ''t " -.
Gus and too diverse even to catalogue
here.
They All bear witness 10 the 'ilt'S'
devotion of Prof. Whitney TO hlS chosen
work He is one OF those government
scientists who have given their lives
to public service. their recohpehsc a
small salary ana the satisfaction oi
doing helpful work
Prof. whitney Is one of that large
number of earnest scientists started hE
the famous DIR. Remseu in the path or
public service 'i;s,ussn started me.
he replies when asked why he took up
the work to which lie has given his
life. 1t is the answer that :: score or
more of notable scientists give.
Evening star., 1914-11-22

crs and smaller farms to get the best
economic results.
Much of the effort of the railroads
in the eastern part of the country has
been to get large. wealthy landowners
men who take 900 or more acres
to make fancy farms. such owners do
not help Il community, for the money
they spend on their products, even If
spent i'll buSinesSlike way. discour-
ages the small farmer, who knows that
he cannot follow the same line. The
fancy farmer often will have Il crop
that ne can afford to sacrifice to get
rid of it. and this disturbs local mar
ket conditions.
Evening star., 1914-11-22

investment. or land value. is the con-
trolling factor. For example. lands III
England produce far more wheat per
acre than do lands in Russia, and yet
Russia, with cheaper lands and cheap
er labor cost, can swamp England with
wheat under normal conditions. Equal
ly. i'll this country western grown
wheat, produced ut Il lesser cost, can
take the market away from eastern
grown wheat.
"Do not high transportation charges,
however, put Il handicap on the west
ern crops%' was asked
Transportation charges for food
products are not high" said I'rof.
Evening star., 1914-11-22

period was shown. just as you cannot
get boy to go into d business that is
failing.
1T isn't q question of modern plumb
ing. or moving picture shows. or base
ball. You can't fool people with a cir
Gus or Keep them at home with side
show. These uplifting plans are all
right and excellent in their way, but
they have nothing to do with this cold
blooded and unsentmental business
proposition.
How does the Governor of Texas
operate to get the people on the farm
lands of his state" They are going in
there by the trainloads. No power can
keep them away. But it isn't beca use
of open plumbing in the farmhouses
and band concerts in the corn patches
that they are going They see oppor
tunity in the development that is now
going on in the state They have vi
sions, justified by the past, of the land
they buy for tiny sums increasing and
multiplying III value with the growth
and development of Texas 1t isn't the
they are looking to, but the unearned
increment of the future.
Not long ago, travelling in New York
] spent the night at "a little hotel in
1thica. There l fell into conversation
with one of the states influential men
and we discussed the abandoned farm
problem I said to him:
The agricultural development of
New York is not controlled from Wash
ington, nor from Albany 1t isn't a
question of passing laws to secure the
result. Congress might appropriate
S2O.O00.OOO to bring about the reoccu-
patton of abandoned farms in a state
and you could spend it all without ac-
complishing anything.
Agricultural development is con-
trolled from New York city. If the
railroads, and the bankers who con-
troll the railroads. determined to bring
about the settlement. use and develop
ment of all of the idle land of the state
of New York, they could accomplish
the object inside of three years without
the appropriation of a single dollar
by the state Legislature or by Con-
gress.
Let the word go out that the trans
portation and financial interests of the
state are seriously at work on the
problem, and the movement back to
the soil would be inaugurated at once,
The shreWd would see that land values
were certain to increase, They would
rush to get in on the ground floor
And that is precisely what would
happen.
The theory that the great areas of
idle lands in the older states are idle
because they have become worn out is
an exploded notion. 1t is true that
ShoSc ia!us nave Deen aDuSeu, nut II Is
not true that they have lost their bear
ing capacity. 1t is matter of record
that they are capable of bearing as
much per acre as they did a century
ago. They respond readily to cultiva-
ton and pay handsome profits under
Intelligent care, but intelligent care is
an essential. Agricultural land in Eu-
rope which has been farmed from
1000 to 1000 years has been bearing
more than it did ages ago. Lands in
America are no worse.
But 1t is true that these eastern
lands cannot conpnata in tho 1.rno,
Evening star., 1914-11-22
Neglected : Opportunities Are Pointed Out.
A Nations Food Resources Its Chefest
Asset-No Nation as Rich as the United
Is States = Neglect of the Soil to Be
Remedied.

loneliness of farm life and the lack
of opportunity for wholesome recrea-
ton. The other is that the soil, through
generations of cropping, has become
worn out.
Both theories are wrong, according to
Prof. Milton Whitney, chief of the
bureau of soils of the Depa rtment of
Agriculture. man who has spent his
whole life in the study of these prob
lens.
Hope and spirit of adventure are the
chief factors in the movement from the
eastern farm, is the succinct way in
which Prof. Whitney declares his be-
lief. u belief founded on statistics and
actual observation. Perhaps this war
with promises of better and more
stable market for food, may supply the
needed incentive
Where are the abandoned farms?" he
asked. You do not find them in North
Dakota or the panhandle of Texas, re-
mote and far from urban centers as
they are. But you do find them in New
York and Ohio. for example, fair and
beautiful land gridironed with trans
portation lines. in touch with cities
and towns. rich in schools and neigh
bors and everything that contributes to
the pleasures of life: near to the great
markets of the country. desirable from
every aspect.
Country life commissions may talk
learnedly of loneliness and soil degen-
GRAFTON, but these are not the actual
causes of farm abandonment. They
may talk of promoting rural base ball
and the esta blishment of moving pic
ture shows a means of keeping our
people on the farm, but these do not
reach the heart of the problem.
Men and women do not stay on the
farm in the newer, rawer portions of
T Iexas and North Dakota because of
the opportunity to play base ball or
to see moving picture shows; they do
not migrate to the remote wilds of
Canada because they expect to find
there the gentler pleasures of civiliza-
ton. They do these things because
they read history Alright, because
they want land that is cheap now, but
that. in the light of history, is certain
to become of greater value hereafter
"All through the west they see ex-
amples of men who, going in as
pioneers and obtaining land at a low
figure, grew wealthy with the in
creased land values that followed the
development of the country.
Hope for a golden future is what
moves men to go to the newer por-
tions of the continent, or to the cities
without hope for such a future YOU
cannot keep them in one place The
broader opportunity is what they are
seeking.
You cannot get them to return to the
abandoned farms of New York or Vir-
ginia. where until the last census a
decrease in land values from period to
Evening star., 1914-11-22

a this time. when the blight Of
~ war has spread from the
"A scene of battle and has ex-
tended its effects into all the
civilized orld, whether beIlig-
erent or neutral, Americans are taking
stock of their resources.
1t is time of casting up accounts,
of calculating upon. discounting and
preparing for the changed conditions
In finance and trade and production
that the war has entailed
In time of stress. well as in nor
NAL times. nations food resources
are its chiefest asset. And food re-
sources mean primarily the soil from
which the food is produced. No ma
tion on earth is so rich in these as
the United States; but few civilized
nations have neglected and failed to
develop these resources as the United
States a nation has neglected them
War has injured the market for some
American products, notably cotton.
War has not and cannot have any ap-
preciably injurious effect on the mar
ket for food products. for the produc-
tton of foodstuffs in the United States
has not kept pace with the increase in
uoHcstlc pOpuldtlOn ana uONeStlC de-
mands. The danger of overproduction
of goods is remote indeed in the opin-
ion of those who know.
While no one has yet been bold
enough to predict with confidence what
are TO be the larger results of the war
many believe that one effect that Will
make Itself felt soon is an increased
and stupendous demand on America
for foods.
Will this not, then, stimulate the
back to the soil' movement?
That movement. SO long advocated
academically. has not made apprecia BILE
headway in the United States In that
portion of the country north of the
Potomac river and east of the Ohio
there is population of some thirty
millions. or more than one-fourth of
the total population of the United
States.
OF this thirty millions only about one
and one-quarter millions are engaged
in agricultural pursuits. More than
half OF the lands that might be used to
produce foodstufrs are idle. Rural re-
gions OF the Atlantic seaboard states
are thickly dotted with abandoned
farms.
With the new and increased demand
for agricultural products incident to
the war. will these farms once more
become titled? 1t is an interesting
question.
Commonly two causes are assigned
for the abandoned farm. One is the
Evening star., 1914-11-22

commonly prevail. His light equip
ment of implements and horses is en-
tirely Inadequate to handle properly So
heavy soil AS the cecil clay. instead
of having one or two s00-pound to
l,200-pound horses to handle the Cecil
clay, he should have two to four l.2oO
to 500 pound horses. He must gain eA-
perience i'll handling this heavier equip
ment. He and his forhears have been
trained along other lines. We must
help him to readjust himself This is
but one of multitude of problems that
are to be dealt with in this broad and
widely diversified country.
The bureau of soils, which Prof.
Whitney heads, is devoting its atten-
tion to working out solutions OF the
problems indicated in the foregoing.
The fertility of the soil naturally is OF
first Importance in farming. For what
crop is this particular soil most val
uableo" is naturally the question that
the modern agriculturist asks him
self when he acquires his acres. To
supply the answer is the task of the
bureau of soils.
Hence what is known as the soil sur
vey is conducted by Prof. Whitney's
bureau, in cooperation with the sew
eral states. Hanging in Prof. Whit
neys office is a huge map of the United
States specked in the western portion
with red spots, and in the eastern
portion with great red squares. These
red marks indicate soil surveys com
pleted
Roughly speaking, n soil survey is to
ascertain what is in the soil and what
it is good for-essential knowledge to
the Intelligent practice OF agriculture,
Of course.
''In every state in the Union some soil
survey work has been DONE" said Prof.
Whitney. The larger portion has been
We have surveyed and map
ped one-third of that area, and are
continually at work extending the sur
veys."