davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
AMBITION OF TEUTONS
CAUSED WAR, HE SAYS
Russian Foreign Minister Tells Dums
Cars Peaceful Overtures Were
Disregarded by Kaiser.

St Petersburg. Aug. 1o-Cvia London)-
Minister Of War Soukhomlinoff announced
today that Russian troops had entered
Austria through the styr Valley md de.
feated a large Austrian force that at.
tempted to resist the advance
Foreign Minister Sszonof today sub.
mitted to the Duma a complete state.
ment dealing with the negotiations lead.
ing up to the war between Russia and
Germany and Austria NJ Sazonon de-
clared that Austria was responsible for
the great conflict
The Russian foreign minister said that
Germany could easily have stayed Aus
trfa's hand, but that the Kaiser chose
in favor Of war. believing that the pres
ent time was propitious for German arms
to sweep Europe and raise German mil
itary prestige 70 point hitherto un-
reached.
Russia tried to avert the war, N. Sag
onon declared. but all the peaceful over
lures made to Berlin were rejected. The
word OF Car Nicholas II had been
pledged, the statesman said. that Rus
sia would not resort to force 90 long
as there was 4 possibility Of an amica-
BILE adjustment
In conclusion the Russian foreign min
ister said; Il cannot help bowing to
the heroism of the Belgian people. who
have fought 80 nobly and 50 .saiiantiy
against such enormous odds.s
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
TOURISTS Relief
WELLUNDER WAY
Alarm Of Americans Allayed
with News of Despatch
of Gold.
ALL HARBoRS ARE MINED
State Department, However. Hears
Encouraging Reports Except from
Switzerland Under Mariai'Law.

Measures already adopted for the re-
lief Of Americans in Europe soon viii
result In the situation working itself out
most satisfactorily. according to admin
lstration Cdicials.
Reports received at the State Depart
ment yesterday were OF the most reas-
suring character The news of the dis
patch OF the millions Of gold on board
the cruiser Tennessee Is rapidly reaching
all Americans and all the foreign bank
ers, with the result that the anxieties
OF the former are considerably aIiayed.
Problem In Switzerland.
The State Department officers said yes
terday that the consuls and ambassadors
were reporting the concentration move
ment Of Americans well udner way The
worst situation exists in Switzerland,
where martial law has been declared
Notification came from Change d'Affaires
Huebscher. OF the Swiss Legation, who
made II point to announce at the same
time that 5000 Americans now in Switzer-
land would be afforded every protection.
Charge Huebscher announced to this
government that his country had been
declared In a state OF siege and the mo-
bfization OF reserves ordered 10 protect
feels that It is menaced by the proximity
of the contending forces to the Swiss
borders, and Is preparing to resist
possible invasion
Regular Communication was maintained
with Berlin yesterday. Ambassador Ge-
rard sent from Berlin a formal notifica-
ton from the German government warn
ing all American ships that all German
harbors are mined. The Ambassador
also reported that there were rumors
that the English Channel is mined
The Navy Department announced that
the battleship Maine would be held in
the Mediterranean for the present, in
order to aid the North Carolina and Ten
nessee II necessary.
President's Offer Acknowledged. -.
The Presidents offer Of the good Offices
Of the United, States in the European
conflict has now been acknowledged by
four governments, those Of Great Brit
ain. Austria, France and Russia The
responses are understood to be abso-
lutely noncommittaI though thanking the
President for his offer.
1t was denied at the State Department.
that any decision has been reached as
to the question Of the status Of the Far
East in the war. which was raised by
China last week. The department still
has under consideration China's suEges-
ton that efforts be made to exempt the
Far East from hostilities by bringing
about an agreement among the beIliger-
ents.
1t IL considered extremely unlikely that
the United States will feel 1t advisable to
take this step.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
RURAL MAIL CARRIERS
WILL CONVENE TODAY
Fifteen Hundred Delegates from ALI
Over U. S. Will Be Welcomed by
District Officials.

Seven thousand. or 1900 badges.
heroically supported by 1,50o rural
free delivery mail carriers, bore wit
ness last night that the annual con-
vention of the National Rural Letter
Carriers Association is about to open.
At the headquarters of the associa-
tion at the National Hotel most of the
1900 were waiting for the call that
will open the convention at the audi
torium of the National Museum this
morning.
There were carriers with Vermont,
Virginia, Oregon. Ohio, and Texas
boards, carriers with smooth shaven
faces, carriers with mustaches and car
riers with Dundrea-ys. All were tanned,
aild most took great delight in calling
fer mail
L. N. Brockway, Of Clinton, N. Y, Is
president Of the association. and he will
call the meeting to order at o'clock this
morning. Addresses Of welcome will be
made by Commissioner Newman, Capt
James F. Oyster and Superintendent Of
Delivery Haycock, OF the Washington
postofice.
Burns L. Osgood, chairman Of the ex-
ecutive committee Of the association, will
respond. There will be some routine
business, .and the convention will then
adjourn for the day.
Al tNoPcSN " eAAG VI Tue
dents wife, the afternoon session will be
eliminated and the afternoon business
will be finished during other meetings
The Cullop amendment to the Moon
bill, which-w come up for final vote
today, is being vigorously combated by
the postal clerks and letter carriers
throughout the country. The amendment
seeks to grant postmasters the power to
select their employees without regard to
the civil service laws. This would de-
prive the clerks and carriers Of their
civil service status and convert them into
political pawns.
Thomas F. Fiaherty, secretary Of the
Federation Of Postofice Clerks,
has made q personal canvass Of the
House. and Is Of the opinion that this
effort to despol the service win be de-
cisively repulsed when final action is
taken on the cullop amendment.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
RESERVE BOARD PLACED
in ACTUAL EXISTENCE
Secretary McAdoo Tells Members
System Will Be Bulwark Against
Financial Disaster.
SITUATION WELL In HAND NOW

The five members OF the Federal Re-
serve Board appointed by the President
met yesterday in the ONCE of the secre-
tary of the Treasury to take their oaths
Of office. After the oaths had been ad-
mInistered, Secretary McAdoo made a
brief address. pointing out the impor-
tance Of the duties which confronted the
board.
Mr.. McAdoo predicted that the banks
would all be organized under the new
system by October 1 at the latest. Said
he:
The Importance Of the Federal Reserve
Board Is not yet fully realized, i think.
by the people Of this country. 1t takes
time for any piece OF legislation to per-
colate the minds OF 90,OO0OO0 of people.
It Is our duty to make II understood and
our business to thoroughly organize these
banks and get them into effective opera
ton at the earliest moment. I feel that
by cooperative effort We are going to be
able 70 make this system In q short time
4 bulwark against financial disaster. the
basis for commercial development, at
home. and for the expansion Of our COM
merce abroad.
"The present crisis which has been pre-
cipitated by the European difficulties Is
already well In hand. Fortunately, this
system having\ already been authorized
by legislation was a reassuring factor
in the situation: and the fact that the
board was about to be confirmed and
about TO actually take the oath OF office,
and that these banks have been or
ganiZed to a point where they can be
put quickly into operation. has had a
effect. also. And then. through
the patriotism OF Congress, every man
forgetting partisanism and voting unani-
mously In favor Of measures to meet the
unexpected emergency, We have already
been able to get the situation in hand
and there is no longer any danger so
far as the financial structure Of this
country Is concerned. Nothing could
more certainly testify to the strength
of our financial and economic position
than the way in which the country has
withstood this worldwide shock within
the last two weeks"
Secretary McAdoo and Comptroller of
the Currency Williams. who are ex-officio
members Of the board, reported for the
organization committee the result Of thel
canvass of the vote Of the member banks
upon the Class \ and B directors Of the
reserve banks OF the various districts
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
SLAUGHTER TO BE
.WORSINHISTORY
Experts Predict Horrible Car
mage in Battles Between
Germany and France.
TERRIBLE cREUS0T GUNS
Artillery. Most Nearly Perfect Type in
World. Is Backbone of the
French Army.
TERRIBLE CREUS0T GUNS
peciai Gable to The Washington HesA

Special Gable to The Washington Herald
London. Aug. lo-Such slaughter a
the world has never known in warfare
WIN mark the battles OF the armies OF
France and Germany when they clash
upon the field. If today's prophecies by
military experts are borne out
The eyes Of all military officials are
turned toward the theater of war. where
the advantages Of either French or Ger
man ordnance will be established By its
ability to inflict destruction.
Since the days q Napoleon, who was
himself an artillery officer. French MILL
tary experts have specialized In light
and heavy ordnance. The fruits Of prac-
ticaIly 100 years Of experience are con-
stitnted in guns Of such murderous fire
that platoon OF them could NOW down
whole regiments.
Call Guns Invincible.
The ultra-modern guns of the French,
heavy artillery, and quick-firing machines
are secretly manufactured by the Creusos
firm. and SO zealously II the secret "
their construction guarded that II has
not been impaired even to the closest
allies Of the French. The artillery is the
backbone OF the French army. and the
French officers claim that there is no
enemy that can stand before their guns
There are three kinds OF artillery IN.
the French army. One Ct these Is the
light machine gun. Is men: the second
is a heavier gun Of LOO men, and the
third is the huge siege gun. which hurls
heavy shrapnel shells. The hre from the
lighter ordnance does not strike the
ranks Of the enemy direct but is aimed
above them The she!is burst about
forty-five feet above the ground and re-
lease a shower OF small bullets, which
scatter downward In cone-shaped spray.
Forty shells a Minute.
No matter how fast the enemy may
retreat, the discharges from these guns
are SO rapid that they cannot get out
Of range. These guns are constructed
to move from right to left automatically,
about a quarter OF a mile OF
and can throw forty shells a
Whenever the French are compelled to
abandon one of their cannon they de-
5troy II, SO that Il can never be used
again. By removing a small key, called
the Clavette. which resembles the key
1f Yale lock, the gun Is put out of
service and the vital parts drop aparts
These keys have many convolutions so
hat they cannot be exactly duplicated.
rhe rapid firers are generally used as
support Of batteries Of heavy artillery
70 prevent the latter's capture by as
sault.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
Bridge Blown I'm,

London, Aug. ia dispatch from Am
sterdam to the Central News explained
the withdrawal of the Belgian outrosts
into the ring Of forts around Liege. Bel
gian army officers declared that this was
not a retreat, but L strategic movement
to give the wornout soldiers a chance
to obtain a much-needed rsst.
While the Belgians were in the
had erected in tho path of the Germans
they were constantly under arms and the
strain was saDping their strength.
Gen. Leman planned the operation,
which was carried out with admirable
precision. The harTied Belgians, worn by
their exposure to the three days bonn
bardment from the German batteries
filed over the Bressoux bridge in good
order and without haste. As the rear
guard crossed. dynamite was placed un-
der the bridge, and IL was blown up to
prevent the Germans from following.
The Belgian battle lines had been in
quadrant formation iE the tongue OF land
lying between the Meuse and Vesdre
rivers Gen Lcman realized that their
withdrawal would expose Liege to the
German army, but notwithstanding this
fact he felt sufficiently sure of the wis
dom Of his. plan to put It into execution
without delay.
Military men who are following the
course Of the war believe that the master
ly manner in which Gen. Leman maneu-
vered his men will go down in history as
one OF the great military feats of the
century.
Ali the space between Bontine fort and
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11

Chaudfontaine fort was left without the
protection Of infantry.
Gen. Leman secretly sent orders to the
comm9nders of the Belgian outpostS
to prepare for the movement. and at the
same time couriers were sent into Liegs
to inform thef troops in the citadel o
evacuate the city. This allowed the Bel
gians to remove all their ammunition and
provisions in stores and livestock from
the city before the Germans took pos
session.
Paris, Aug. I0.-The French troops in
vading Germany and those cooperating
with the Belgians are progressing stead
ily, II was officially stated at the war
ministry today. At the same time an
nouncement was made by President Poin-
care that the French republic had con-
feVed a military medal upon King Albert
OF Belgium.
1 Patrols Of the French army in Belgium
have covered the hiIly region of Eifel.
in Rhenish Prussia, on the left bank of
the Rhine. They had some skirmishes
with Germans along the River Ourthe
and east Of Neufchatel. Several German
squadrons yielded ground to the French
troops and fell back to the vicinity Of
Tongres- A number of German prisoners.
were sent to Namur and CharlevilIe.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
MONEY POURING into
RED CROSS GOLFERS
Mrs. Red6eld Proctor and Daughter
Each Send Checks for $1,000 to
Help Fill Medicine Chest.
EPISCOPAL CHURCH GIVES AID

Two generous Individual contributions
for the relief of the sick and wounded
in Europe were received at American
Red Cross headquarters yesterday. Mrs.
Redfield Proctor, widow OF Senator Proc
tor. OF Vermont, and her daughter, Miss
Emily Dutton Proctor, sent their per-
sonal checks for 5000 each.
From general indications. the Ameri-
can public is responding readily and gem
erously to the Red Cross appeal for
funds issued last week This appeal has
been repeated in proclamations given to
the press by governors. mayors and the
heads of chambers of commerce and
boards Of trade Throughout the United
States.
A group OF prominent army women as
sembled at Red Cross headquarters and
gave their services, and are deyoting
their time to sewing Red Cross, brassards
and insignia on uniforms to be worn by
Red Cross nurses who Will go 10 Europe.
spoon. wife OF the Chief of Stan Of the
United States army; Mrs. !. J. Kingman,
wife OF Capt. Kingman who is the son
Of the chief of lsrnly engineers; Mrs. w.
Willing, wife OF Capt Willing. Washing
ton Barracks; Mrs. z. J. Atkinson, wife
Of First Lieut.. Atkinson. Washington
Miss G. McNair. sister Of Mrs.
NllllnE. ana MISS maIA u EtfheHs
guest OF Mrs. Kingman.
Activities locally In support Of the
American Red Cross plan to send q
chartered ship to Europe, to distribute
hospital units where needed. are spread
ing daily. The Red Cross headquarters
has been advised that the euxiliaries Of
Episcopal churches win get
together and undertake to supply house
wives and other little conveniences for
the Red Cross physicians and nurses
who win make up the units. Woodward
& LothroA have been kind enough to
supply black chintzes for the house
wives"
II. S. Reeside. of the Washington Gag
Light Company and of the American
Security and Trust Company, Is receiv-
ing contributions from the District peo-
pie for the European relief expedition.
Mr.. Reeside Is the treasurer Of the Dis
trict of Columbia Chapter Of the Ameri-
can Red Cross
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
Austrian Ships Bombard
Antivari for Five Hours

Bari, Italy. Aug. 10.-Austrian cruiser s
bombarded Antivari, the only seaport OF
Montenegro, for five hours today. Thay
destroyed the maritime station, govern
ment warehouses and many other build
ings, and seriously damaged the wireless
station and the electrical works.
The residents of the city fed to the
hills surrounding the town and with an
iquated guns returned the warships' fire,
but several shells dropped among them
ended their resistance.
After the bombardment ths Austrian
squadron sailed toward Cattaro, Austria.
Rome, via Paris, Aug. 10-There Is a
bitter feeling here toward Austria be-
cause when the warships of that nation
bombarded AntivaH they are said to
have caused considerable damage to ItaI-
ian property there.
Vienna, via Rome. Aug. IA Monte
negrin gunboat today bombarded the Aus
trian fortifcations at Calero The bonn
bardment did slight damage. Nobody was
killed.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11

NaScS u EGdA oi1tEcbs aNI tNbSaNN- .
Owing to the disorganization Of rail-
roads transports tion Is difiicult and IN
many cases baggage Is held up. Some
discomfort. is felt by many, but In
France. at least. the personal safety or
all Americans IL guaranteed. The Ameri-
can committee. which Is collaborating
with Ambassador Herrick. has received
from Washington adviees that passages
on transports will be free for citizens
without money.
The liner France has not sailed and
the Chicago, whose departure had been
announced for Sunday. probably viii not
go either for some time.
Both the embassy and the consulate
are busy registering German citizens who
have been entrusted 10 them. Many
have been given sleeping accommoda-
tons at the American Chanceliors resi-
dence.
A movement has been begun by the
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
ITALY WILL FIGHT TO
PRESERVE NEUTRALITY
Rome Ready to Enter War if Necessity
Arises-COmpicatiOns
Are Feared.

Special Gable to The Washington Herah
Rome, Aug. 10.-Italy will preserve he.
Eeutrslity even II she has to fight. The
greatest activity Is being displayed in the
Offices Of the ministry and every precau-
lion is being taken. The coal supply al
Naples has been seized by the govern
ment and the gas supply has been order
cd cut on. Though rot at war, the coun-
try practically is on a war basis. Food
prices are being fixed by law and gener-
aly the supply is adequate, though there
Is shortage OF flour In some cities.
British cruiser accidentally struck
the yacht Taurus, formerly the Austrian
guardship at Constantinople. and opened
her in four places. Because the Austrian.
admiral was aboard serinus complications
may arise.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
RUSSIA HEARS R0UMANIA
AND TURKEY ARE MODELLING

London, Aug. IA ST. Petersburg dis
patch reports that Austrians stopped on
the Danube two barges Of war munitions
consigned to Roumania- They subae-
quently were released
Diplomatic reports say that Turkey Is
mobilizing its army In Thrace. The activ-
ity Of Turkey and Roumania indicate
that the great Balkan struggle is to be
renewed
An official dispatch from Paris denies
the reports of a revolutionary outbreak
In Russian Poland and asserts that mo-
bilization is proceeding perfectly through
out Russia
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
SHAMROCK REACHES BERMUDA

Hamilton, Bermuda, Aug. l0.-The
Shamrock " and the tender Erin have
just arrived at St George, east OF Der
muda. The Shamrock was loo miles on
Bermuda when she received instructions
to alter her course and sail for Bermuda.
She sailed from Fayal on July .. The
voyage was uneventful and the weather
fair. The yacht behaved splendidly at
sea- Her crew, who are all well, did not
know that the race had been Cancelled
until they altered their course. They will
wait here for instructions. The Sham
rock is anchored in ST. Georges Harbor.
The Erin came to Hamilton at daybreak
today
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
JOHN T. KELLY IN CHARGE.

John 7. Kelly. formerly sporting editor
of a Washington paper, is Low publicity
manager for the Panama-Pacific Inter
national Exposition, with headquarters
In New York city. He began his duties
in. that capacity August =
Mr.. Kelly also has been connected with
the St Louis Republic, the Buffalo
Courier, and the New York Evening
World. He 81 a graduate Of Canisius'
College, Buffalo, N. Y. with a degrees
of master Of arts and bachelor Of laws.
For many years a resident Of Washing
ton. Mr.. Kelly has a host Of friends
here who congratulate him upon his sue
cess,
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11

Latin-American republics to combine foi
protection Of their nationals In Francs
during the war. The proposal has beer
made TO Ambassador Herrick by tht
Brazilian ambassador and the Argentine
minister that the United States enter
into this arrangement but lacking Wash
ington's instructions the ambassador car
only offer the use Of the embassy .c
the Latin-American diplomats.
Mrs. Howe. sister OF President Wilson
has been sent to Boulogne In an auto
mobile with her daughter and grand.
daughter. en- route for England
J. o. Wood. American consul to Abys-
sinia, has arrived In Paris with q new
commercial treaty with Menelik's sue
cessor. but by the order OF the State
Department he Is now helping Consul
General Thackara
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
ENGLISH TENNIS STARS SAN.

Boston, Aug. 1G-Three members of the
English Davis Cup tennis team. which
lost to Australasia al Longwood last
week, sailed Saturday night on the Gu
nard liner Franconia for Queenstown and
Liverpool, II became known yesterday.
The party consisted Of ]. C. Parie. A H.
Lowe and T. NJ Mavrogordato. The
fourth member of the team, Lieut.
Kingscote, sailed few days ago on the
st. Paul to Join his regiment. The de-
parture OF the other members was some
what unexpected. as they had been en-
tered in various tournaments In this
vicinity.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
PASSLIEGE And
MOVE ON NAMUR
CONTINUED From PAGE ONE.

that 50 long as the ring of forts around
the town remains intact their guns COM
mand three Of the principal roads by
which the Germans can advance. This.
II is pointed out, makes IL impossible
for the Germans under the present cir
cumstances to receive supplies or am
munition.
Germans Short of Supplies.
Every line OF railroad between Liege
and the German frontier has been de-
stroyed and every bridge, culvert and
tunnel blown up The general stan in
sist the Germans are short Of supplies.
little having been brought along be-
cause Of the expectation that Liege would
be captured in a few hours.
The occupation OF Llege was accom-
plished Friday night II was accompa-
MED by no outrases, Gen Won EmmIch
faving warned his forces against ex-
cesses. The German troops, headed by
cavalry, approached the town along tho
main eastern roads, passing between
Forts Fleron and Evegehee. Small groups
Of Uhlans had preceded the army into
that town on Thursday night. Gen Won
Emmicb, commander of the Tenth Army
Corps. and his staff LED the main army
into the city. Belgian officers and idle
gunners assembled and silently watched
the procession.
The Washington herald., 1914-08-11
SERBS INVADE AUSTRIA,
SAYS PARIS REPORT
Revolt Against Frances Joseph De-
tailed in Dispatches from Rome:
Servian Money Used.

Rome, Aug. 10.-Dispatches received
here tend to confirm reports Of a revolt
against Austria-Hungary in Bosnia. They
state that the revolutionists have vowed
to free the assassins of Archduke Fran
els Ferdinand, who are confined at Sara
javo. Arms and money are being fur
nished to the revolutionists by Servians
who have been conducting a systematic
campaign for several months.
Paris, Aug. 10.-Advices received here
this evening say that the Servian army
which invaded Bosnia is pressing for
ward, driving the Austrians before IT,
The vanguard of the Servians has reach
ed Vtchigrad, on the Herzogivian FROM
tier. where the Austrians are erecting
barricades. During tAeir retreat the
Austrians lost twenty-five men. two Of
them being officers, the report says. The
mobilization of the Servian army is now
complete.