The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1914-09-23
Contains No Alum
WHAT WOLFRAM IS.

" O11Kam IS nOIsL1S name or a. Wl4Q- beast. even if the word is apparently q coordination of the names of two Well-knoWn members of animal sOcie- ty Neither wolf nor ram, taken separately, has anything to do with it. There may be a great many people who know-and again a great many more who do not know-that woIfrom is q mineral and that tungsten is the metallic c chemical element found therein, a fact which gives it san i1l1- portance 1t might otherwise not have
 In series of pamphlets descrtb- ing the various countries of Latin. America, published by the Pan American Union. Washington, D. C.. will be found two, those on Argentina and Bolivia, in which it Is stated that Ithese countries each export annually, among many other minerals, some thing over 500 tons of wolfram That brings on the query. What is wolf ram
 Wolfram is really the most com 1 monly known of the various tung- sten oress and is the tungstate of iron and manganese. It is dark browIa- almost black-in color, is very dense l and heavy. being frequently mistaken for iron ore, and is heavier than me tstallic iron itself. It is said to have l been first discovered by swedish sailing master in 1T81. hense It's name tung, meaning heavy, and sten. [ Isted ores are mined and exported by several countries, the chief supply i coming from Queens1and, Portugal lArgentfne, Bolivia, and the United I States, some of the most prolific de- posits being found in California; What's. it good for? To make the hIaments in our incandescent electric flights for one thing, thereby saving
 to the consumers total of some thing over $240.0o0.0oo a year That portance. By method discovered by one Of the large electric compan4 ies of the United States it is now pos
 aible to draw tungsted metal into a t wire as fine as sone-thousandth of an inch in diameter so that the wire is ls1ike sewing thread. It is used in one 1 piece in the lamps and is said not to be so fragile as that produced by cer- I tain methods used in the German
 product. The tungsten wire, as drawn out for this purpose is very
 strong. it being claimed that 1t has more strength than any steel piano I wire that was ever made. The spec iflc gravity of tungsten metal is given as 19.12s almost as much as that of 6I gold. which Is 19.3.
 The discovery of this metal for making flaments has caused an enor-
 nous saving to the consumers o4
 electric light the world ever It en- ! ables the consumer to obtain two or three times the quantity of light at electricity formerly used by the old IcaFbou lamp.
 The principal use Of tungsten, how ever, is to harden steel, especially the steel of which tools are made. The tool steel of the present day is said Ito be nearly all tungsten steel, having I from to 20 per cent. metallic tung- sten mixed with the steel in it's man f ufacture. It is sometimes called
 sself -hardening steel.' because ii does not have to be tempered for, with the additions Of the metallic I tungsten it tenpers itself. When I heated to cherry red and allowed to COOL, the steel attains it's maxi mum l hardness and can be used by nlachin- ists for lathe cutting tools and for drills Machinists' tools can be run
 at much greater speed and it has been estimated that at least four times as
 much work can be done with the tungsten steel as with the ordinary Erkind, because the machines can be
 run four times as fast and that with
 when 1t gets very hot, as is the case
 with ordinary steel. The president l or one Of the large autom obfle n1ar1u-
 Recurring companies is said to have
 stated that if there were no such
 thing as tungsten steel the cost of
 each automobile would be $2O0 more
 than it is now.
 Tungsten and it's salts are used for
 making silk and cotton fabrics fire
 proof; for winding electric furnaces
 and for use in the apparatus employed
 Tor the utilization of Roentgen rays
 Also occasionally in the manufacture or silk in order to add weight and to
 give It the desired stiff effect It
 will thus be seen that from the stand ] point of practical utility tungsten fs I of more benefit to humanity thar, syoI7
 The grand Jurors in Rronx c.onntv ihave removed their room in the co1,rt house to remote part Of the b11ilt5 ing because of the noise made by eIe- i vated trains.
 ] Madonna Lily Bulbs 45c each