davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
Germans Flooded Out.

The Germans who Friday occupied
Termonde have been routed by the
opening of the dykes by the Belgiums
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
DENIES REPORT
Russian Embassy Takes Issue With
German News Dispatch.

The Russian embassy gave out an
official statement Sunday night,
characterizing as grossly exaggerat-
ed the recent announcement by the
German foreign Office that many
thousand Russian prisoners had been
captured in the fighting around Or
telsburg. in East Prussia.
Denial is made also of reported
troubles in the Caucsus at Odessa
andFinland' and public opinion in
Russia is said to be intensely patrio-
tic and full of unshakable faith"
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
FortifyinC Vienna,

More than twenty thousand men
are said to be at work fortifying
Vienna.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
Troops to Winter in Strike Zone.

War department officials have con-
cluded arrangements to maintain U.
S. troops in the Colorado strike zone
throughout the winter.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
Ready for War Risks.

The marine War Risk Insurance
bureau of the national government
opened for operation Friday.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
Reinforcements for Germans.

It is announced at London that
$4,000 troops are hurrying to the aid
of the Germans in France.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
Lancaster Starts Buy-a-Bale.

One hundred and: sixty-nine men
signed pledges to buy as many bales
Of cotton at Lancaster Monday.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16
German Aeroplane Brought Down.

UeF1nH1 a6rOpIdlte DIUu-HV O0"H'
4 German aeroplane flying near
Lotteghem was fired on by the Bel
gians and brought to earth. Two
pilots we're made prisoners.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16

claims that the federal warehouse Law
will sufficiently meet the needs i
this regard. The federal law, whlcl
the commissioner says will becom'
operative withing short time. vii
make a farmers barn a warehousf
when a license is secured.
Texas bankers appearing before tn
committee considering this bill vel
that they would prefer state owner
ship of the warehouses. "'The ques'
ton of the responsibility. THE ques-
tion asking the loan would also en-
ter" regardless Of the ownership
the warehouse, banker tod the
committee.
The question of individual respon
sibility in asking loans on warehousf
receipts should not be considered,
was pointed out. The principal j
that receipt held by poor farme'
should be as one held by a million
aire, the chairman Of the Texas com
mittee declared. Neither should tnf
Capitalization of the warehouse be
considered. in view of the bills pro-
visiones, he said. In arguing TO-
State ownership, the chairman tolc
that these considerations made i
imperative to a satisfactory system
Direct financial assistance to the
farmers by the federal government
has been declared impossible by thos'
REGARDED as we'll advised of the gov
ernment's powers. Principal assist
ance from this source is eXpectec
through the provisions Of the Aldrlch
Vreeland currency measure and the
Of National Currency as
sociations in the several States under
it's provisions.
Thes currency associations have
been formed in several of the cottor
producing States, and the movement
South Of the emergency currency has
begun. Estimates described as low
place at s100.0 100000 the amount OF
currency that can be Sc
cured by the national banks Of the
cotton producing States under the
Aldrich-Vreeland measure.
About $3O.000.000 Of currency to'
crop moving purposes have been al
otted for loans to national banks OF
he South during the past six weeks
n accordance with the policy OF Sec
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1914-09-16

Fairfeld-Bank of Fairfield Ware
houses l 900 bales; Winnsboro Bank
warehouse 1000 bales; A. B. Cath
cart 900 bales; T. G. Patrick at White
Oak and W. " Patrick at Woodward
have private warehousas--capaclty
not reported. Total for county about
5000 bales.
Florence-Total for county about
10000 bales.
Greenwood-To warehouse ca
pacity 10000 bales: storage rate 20
cents uer bale in lots of 100 bales
and Is cents per bale in lots over 100
bales or ten cents per bale the first
month to cover labor cost. Insurance
rate covered in above. Total for
county 10000 bales. Greenwood
and Ninety-Six have five textile ware
houses, and there is one other textile
warehouse in the county.
Greenville- -Cooper-Grifin Ware
house Co., Greenville: Fountain Inn
Warehouse Co., Fountain Inn: Slnp-
sonville Warehouse Co.. Simpsonville
F. G. Mallard Warehouse Co., Green
vile, are the only public warehouses.
Capacity not reported. Greenville
has numerous textile warehouses.
Total capacity unknown.
MISUNDERSTANDING at Brunson
1000 bales. also brick. oil mill bHlid-
ie at Brunson availcble for Etorase
purposes, 1000 bales Ol= ware
houes at Estill with capacity not re-
ported. Total capacity for county
about 5000 bales.
Kershaw-Camden warehouse at
Camden 1000 bales; II. G. Garrison.
Sr., Camden, 1000 bales. County
has also textile warehouse Total
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21

tuition provides that state troops
would have 10 give up their organi-
zation and enlist as volunteers if
called upon for service outside of the
country If Judge Days decision
stands. the guard. in case Of war, Will
50 TO Mexico With its own officers in
command and from now on will be as
much under the command OF the fed
eral government as in the regular
army.
The suit is a friendly one and is
in no way "A fight of the national
guard against the possibility Of being
ordered 10 war.
Questions which the war depart
ment wants decided by the supreme
court before troops are sent 10 Mexico
were placed before Judge Day
through a bill OF equity and the su-
preme court will decide them through
bill of exceptions.
The first question is:
Can congress. under the constitu-
ton. provide for officers and fix their
grade in the national guard or is the
power reserved by the state?
Second: Can congress describe
the number and arms of the various
United States OF the national guard.
Third: Can the president order
the national guard into active service
outside OF the boundaries OF the
country"
Judge Day answered each question
IN the affirmative
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
Red Cross Nurses are Ready
To Leave For Mexican Border

! way as those or the hospitals. Tbs
Red Cross would appeal 10 chambers
OF commerce. boards or trade and 9TH
er such bodies for the support OF ths
hospitals ara ships. The Needle
Work Guild which is affiliated with
the Red Cross. the Federated Wo-
mems clubs. church sewing societies.
and other WOmens organizations
would be asked 10 provide linen sup
plies for these hospitals and ships
Medical associations could equip ope-
rating rooms. Mems clubs could pro-
vide ambulances and other such neces-
sary equipment
The Red Cross has $500 OF the
best trained nurses enrolled for ser
vice and could Immediately mobilize
the number required. Among the
large number OF men instructed in
first aid. a corps OF hospital orderlies
would be promptly secured
In a few DAYS time 10 - probable
that Surcgon-General GOrges, chair
man OF the Red Cross relief aLAsrd.
will cali a meeting OF that board for
the consideration OF future planA
Surgeon General BREASTED OF the navy.
Is vice chairman Of this board =
number - IN edical ctficers phys
clans. nurses and other familiar via
such work constitute Is mem DeI-
ghk~
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21

WASHINGTON April 2O.-The
Red Cross is preparing 10 establish
Mexican war relief headquarters at
Galveston, Texas, and can immediate
~ bring into play their complete corps
Of 4.500 Red Cross nurses.
This army OF sisters Of the scarlet
cross can be moved at short notice.
Miss Mabel BoGrdman. chairman OF
the National Red Cross board, has
issued the following statement:
In case OF war with Mexico the
American Red Cross would probably
organize reserve hospitals in this coun-
try TO which the sick and wounded
could be brought. Such hospitals
might be established at Galveston, ar
some point on the western coast, and
probably one in the vicinity OF New
York for men that could be trans
ported a greater distance. As the Red
Cross would act under the orders OF
the war department such hospitals
would be in charge OF an army sur
geon with other surgeons OF the army
medical reserve. The Red Cross would
provide nurses and equipment for such
hospitals IL is also probable that IL
" ould be advisable 10 provide hospital
ships. one for the navy and another
for the army
The medical personnel or these
ships would be Organized IN the sans
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
CARRANZA Is SILENT;
REBELS MAY CAUSE
NEW COMPLICATION

CHIHUAHUA Mexico. April 40
Provisional President Carranza- head
Of the constituencies government,
has adopted a "watchful waiting pol
icy in the crisis which Dictator Huerta
has precipitated in defying the Amer
lean government. General C8rranEa
remained in his Office until 2 o'clock
this morning. reading dispatches sent
him from the border giving details OF
the break between the United States
and Mexico. but refused 10 make any
comment on the situation.
One Of his close, advisers. however.
is authority for the statement that
Carranza viii soon issue q manifesto
covering the situation from the consti-
tutionalist point of view.
Serious complications are threat
ened by orders sent 10 the constitu-
tionaliSt troops near TsmpicO 10, at
tack that port Immediately. IL is
possible that when marines are land
ed from the American ships 10 seize
that port they will find the constitu-
tionalists in possession. IL is impos-
sible 10 conjecture what the result
OF such a situation would be.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
BY gibson GARDNER.

WASHINGTON, April 21.-A block
ade is a war measure.
The war vessels ordered to Tam
pico will either do nothing or they
will start d war.
Will they institute a blockade? If
they do, that is declaration OF war.
1t is an overt act of hostility, just as
much as firing on fort or attacking
an army.
There is no such thing az a peace
ful blockade.
A blockade does not exist until for
NAL notice has been served on all the
world through diplomatic channels.
1t does not exist then unless 1t is
made actually effective by the pres
ence Of armed ships in the harbor in
such force as can prevent entrance
and exit Of other ships.
The purpose Of blockade is TO
stop all commerce through the ports
affected. 1t is equivalent TO a siege
on land IL applies not only to ships
of the hostile power, but TO all neu-
trail ships Any ship trying 70 violate
blockade is subject 10 seizure and
confscation by the blockading power.
Its owners. masters or seamen are
liable TO arrest and Imprisonment All
necessities of life. as we'll as NUM-
tons of war, are rendered contra
brand by a blockade
A blockade may or may not be &C
companied by other hostile acts,
such as bombarding the port or forti-
ihcations or landing troops
When a blockade Is announced.
vessels in port are given from IS to
45 days 20 get out.
Blockade at Santiago.
The closest blockade ever main
tanned was SIMPSONS at Santiago.
when seven Of the most powerful
ships in the United States navy main
tanned a semi-circle close about the
harbor entrance, the ships being not
more than 1000 yards apart. this
guard being further supplemented bv
auxiliary cruisers. armed yachts. tor
pedo boats and other small craft.
The greatest blockade in history
was that proclaimed by President
Lincoln, April 1s 1861. OF the ports
OF tho Confederate States Of America.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
PLAN TO LEAVE.

Ell PASO, Texas, April 20.-The ex-
odus cf Americans from interior Mex
scan points is expected TO begin Tues
day. Hundreds of messages have been
sent by persons in the United States 10
relatives in Mexico urging them to
hurry across the border Immediately
George G. Carothers. special repre-
sentative of the state department, and
Consul Edwards said Monday they
had not received any instructions from
Washington TO order Americans 10
leave Mexico and would not take any
steps TO do so unless the situation be-
came much more alarming. Ameri-
can residents OF NeUvO Laredo, how
ever have been advised to leave by
United states Consul Garrett.
Constitutionalist agents here and
in Juarez say every effort will be made
to protect Americans
Many Mexican families fearing trOu-
BILE on this side of the border have
hurried back to their Mexican homes,
Troop NJ, 18th cavalry, has been
ordered TO take station at Mission,
Texas. All members of battery A,
Third field artillery are carrying au-
tomato pistols and three rounds OF
ammunition tonight.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
A BlOCkade--What 1t Means
IF UNCLE SAM ORDERS ONE IN MEXICO, THAT WILL
BE DECLARATION OF WAR-FAMOUS BLOCK
AIDES OF HISTORY AND THEIR LASTING EFFECTS

The first decree included all the
south from South Carolina TO Texas,
and this was later amended 10 in
Clude Virginia. The purpose and
chief effect Of this blockade was 10
prevent the shipment Of cotton 90
Europe and the receipt OF arms and
clothing needed from abroad. Much
daring work was done by blockade
runners on this coast. but the general
blockade was extremely effective. IL
was out OF this struggle that the iron
clad battleship came-the south,
without q navy. resorting 10 desperate
invention TO break the line about their
ports by lining the Merrimac all over
with railroad iron
Blockade of English Ports.
In 1906 Napoleon declared all En-
slish ports blockaded AS he lid not
have the ships 10 make this decree
effective, the blockade was called q
paper" or a cabinet" blockade.
Later he included all the ports Of all
Britains possessions; Great Britain
declared q blockade against Ma
poleon OF all ports from the Elbs 70
Italy and. having ships. made IL
rather effective. IL was due 20 this
blockade that sugar became scarce
in France, and science came 10 the
rescue with the demonstration that
sugar could be made from beets.
Hence the sugar beet industry.
In 1857 there was an international
conference at which Il was agreed
(the United States taking no part
that paper blockades were not 20 be
regarded as real biockades- The rules
then made prevailed during the civil
war and the war with Spain
Mexico has no navy worth men
ticning. but the first business Of our
feet If a blockade IS instituted, viii
be to pickup the armed tugs and
ferry boats which Huerta calls his
navy
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
Wood To Command Army
Of United States If Force
Is Sent Into Mexico

Mexico CITY Because OF the lack o.
a water supply the war college Is un-
derstOod 20 have determined that this
would be the only practicable route
10 the Mexican capital from the
border. Ii il reported. however. that
should the consututiOnalists remain
neutral, this arms may not be sent
over the border into their territory,
but the invasion would be made from
the west coast. Prior 20 the dispatch
OF this force the regular army de-
tachment nov at Galveston ready -
embark on transports for Vera Cruz.
and comprising a total OF abcut
L.. 600 men. would be landed at Vera
Cruz and TampicO and sent inland %
Mexico City The wsy for the land
ing of these troops fiTst would he
cleared by the navy which would re-
duce the land fortifications 10 sub
mission and then land forces OF ma
rines and bluejackets. IL Is planned
TO have a force OF approximately
$4,000 men in in the invading ,IIGa
from the border These would con
sist OF 200. eco or more volunteers
which would be called for immediate
~ after congress has authorized the
army and navy 20 proceed; 1000 OF
the national militia and about 42.000
of the regular army. including the
coast artillery.
Plan for SOC. 600 Volunteers.
Plans OF the war college call for
the enlistment of 500, 00e volunteers
should the forces OF Carranza AMI
Huerta combine against the United
States, during the first six months ct
the war. but IL il not anticipated thai
more than half OF this number will
be required al the outset OF hostllities.
To meet the requirements or such
an army the United states has $50. =
900 rifles and plenty OF ammunition
for that number OF guns for six
months. There is In stock. however.
ONLY $50 field guns with sufficient am
munitiOn only for this number
whereas. il is estimated thirteen
hundred OF these weapons would DO
required. To supply this deficiency
the manufactures OF the country
would have to be worked TO the limit
in ad edition to the government plants
and the private ones for powder and
ammunition.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
Retiring Chief of Staff Chosen
to Direct Land ForCeS-War
College Outlines Plans to
Reach Mexico City.

WASHINGTON. April 21.-Secre-
tary OF War Garrison today clamped
down the lid on all sources Of infor-
;nation at the war department Eff
forts TO obtain news Of orders TO
troops were fruitless Officials deny
that a general secretary order had
been issued. Ii is understood that the
wish Of Secretary Garrison that TO
news - given out has been made
known To department heads and that
this wish is observed as strictly as
though Il secrecy order had been is
sued.
Signs already have been posted on
the doors of a number of offices for
bidding entrance TO all except en-
ployes.
Wood TO Lead Army.
Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood. retiring
chief Of staff, today was selected to
be general in command of the army
OF the United States should IL be sent
into Mexico. The choice was made
at a conference between Secretary of
War Garrison, Mai. Gen. Wother-
spoon, the new chief OF staff, and
General Wood Pending the begin
ing Of actual warfare he will remain
in Washington, subject TO orders. IL
hOstilites with the southern repub-
lie do not commence by April %,
General Wood will be ordered to
Governors island, New York. in COM
mand Of the department OF the east
Plans of the war department. for the
invasion Of Mexico should this be-
come necessary as mapped out by the
army war college, call for the launch
ing at once of several hundred thou
sand men from a point on the Rio
Grande.
May Invade from West
This force would push directly 70
Monterey and thence through to
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21

There are about 5000 troops at
these stations which would be called
in for a concentration were ordered
at TamaragO.
There are 1900 troops at Gal
weston ready 10 40 on transports 10
Tampico and Vera Cruz.
The war department announces that
IA new major generals would be
necessary for an army of 100000.
There are now only six major gen
erals.
In answer TO reports that Gen
Wood would head the army or in
vasion, Secy. Garrison said.
NO orders have vet been issued or
dering Gen. Wood 10 the front"
Secy. Daniels announced late Mon
day afternoon that while he had not
issued any new orders 10 the vessels
OF the coast none Of the orders he had
issued had been revoked and that no
revocation was in sight
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
MILITIA MUST GO.

CLEVELAND. O.. April 2o.-The
10000 national guardsmen OF the
country can be ordered TO Mexico OF
the same footing as regular United
States troops if a decision BY Judge
Day OF the United States district court
is sustained Tuesday by the United
States supreme court.
To determine the authority Of the
federal government over the national
guard, the case was prepared by the
Ohio national guard and the United
States war department. and rushed
into court Judge DAYS report that
the authority OF the government IL
complete. with other necessary pa
pers. was being carried 70 Washing
ton sunday night for the supreme
court which is waiting TO hear the
case just soon the attorneys
can appear before IL.
II had been held that the consti-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1914-04-21
War News From
Various Sections

WASHINGTON, April 81. - The
navy department. has received a re-
port from hey West that the Louis
lana passed San Key at a. m, speed
Is knots.
Yankton and Isla de Buzon arrived
a. IN. Yankton sailed at II a. m.
today.
Patapsco and Patuxent passed san
Key last night.
GALVESTON. Texas. April III
The army transports here have al
ready been provisioned for IA days,
hut Gen. Tasker Fl. Bliss Monday or
dered them TO take on additional ra-
tons sufficient for 10000 men for 80
days.
Hurry orders at 2 o'clock Monday
morning sent special trains to- Hous-
ton for the soldiers of the second di-
vision who had gotten 80 miles north
on their 15-day practice hike and
Monday night all the 10000 men are
back in camp at Texas City and Gal
weston The Fifth brigade. number
ing $500 men has been tentatively
ordered TO embark Tuesday morning.
VERA CRUZ, April 21.-Of1icial adj
vices have been received from HuertA
to the effect that Charge d'Affaires
O'ShaughneSsy and Consul General
Shanklin will arrive here soon on their
way To Washington. Gen. Huerta
asks that they be given careful and
complete protection so long as they
are on Mexican soil.
Regiments of volunteers are being
formed to resist American invasion.
PENSACOLA, Fla. Apr. 21.-Twenty
torpedo boats and the scout cruiser
Birmingham sailed Monday afternoon
for Mexican waters. The battleship
Mississippi Is here taking on needed
stores. She will get away Tuesday at
an early hour, possibly carrying 900
marines. The Birmingham carried six
aerOplanes with Lieutenants Towers,
Smith and Chevalaux. expert aviators.
GALVESTON. Texas. April 21.-
Five thousand United States regulars
who were rushed from Houston TO
Galveston on special trains are now
CnCampcd on Fort Crockett military
reservation ready TO board the four
United States transports moored here
Immediately the order is given.
Gen. Frederick Funston, command
ing the division, has established his
headquarters at Texas City on the
main land opposite Galveston and is
personally supervising the prepare
lions for embarkation.
THE troops in camp comprise four
regiments OF infantry, the Fourth,
Seventh. Nineteenth and Twenty
Eighth: the Sixth cavalry. company r,
engineers. company ID. signal corps:
a battalion of field artillery and one