The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1914-03-11

verts. especially II the large pipe
necessitntos much grading or raising
Of the roadway At least six inches
should Doe lett between each pipe aud
earth should be tamped around them
thoroughly 80 as To prevent q wash
cut.
To prevent washing on steep roads.
the water should be carried under
the surface at frequent Intervals from
the upper To- the lower side. aud from
the lower side away from the road.
Five i2-inch pipes Ia a mile Of road
way Is about as cheap ana far better
than n sf-inch pipe. The water
must he disposed OF before Il gains
force or headway. or has time L
Damage the road
The maximum v~eloc;,y for a ga
inch vltrifed tile flowing fun with
cut head 81 q grade of VI Inches
per hundred feet b. 80 feet per sec
nj ~ about 2i-i mites per hour
When the grade Is increased to SO
Inches In 100 feet. the velocity be-
comrs 20 feet per sccond or about
- 81 miles per hou.. -Ic discharge
for the 2i-inch pipe In the first in
stance VIII be 50s6 gallons per min
ate aud for the sleeper grade 2S,2g0
r%ailons per minute II viii therefore
DE seen that a 2i-incn pipe laid on
q grade OF 10 inches 20 the 100 feet
VIII have owe fNc times the capacity
of the same sizc pipe laid on q grade
Of one inch 20 the zoe feet
Under the same conditions the
maximum velocity foT "a fe-inch tile
cn the grade Of one inch per 100 feet
equals 1 IA feet per second or about
rs miles per hour and for the same
tile on q grade 81 SO Inches 60 the
100 feet the ~voiority would De 7i-s
feet per second or about i-G miles
per hour. The discharge for the ~
inch tile in tho first instance would
he fi2 gallons per minute. and FOX
the sleeper Rrndc 2.650 gallons per
minute OF about five times as much.
", Increasing the fall, we Increase
tho capacity OF the pipe decrease the
size Of The pipe necessary aud there.
fore decrease the cost OF the ~culycrts.
Furthermore. ou.verts laid nas vii
soon fl mp. but lf given a good ALI.
they VIII keep themselves clear.
n much fan il obtained In a culyert
pipe, the spillway should Doe paved.
Earth should hc tamped under and
around the pipe In layers. and should
be Of sufficient depth to prevent The
pipe from being broken by traffic;
hut under no circumstances should q
ridge over the culycrt be allowed for
Il not only %cndanFers the life Of Inc
%cuivert, but n u nae to traffic.
An attempt TO drain mud hOles
with cnlsert pipe viii fail Ia most
cases. The water should be drained
lon by ean Of open bitches; tho
soft mud thrown out and replaced
with just enough good firm earth 10
make it level latter consolidation
with the surrounding surface. n
mud holes IN earth roads are filled
with brush or STONE 4 will usually
result In two mud holes, one It each
end
Repairs Ia roads should be made
when needed. and not once a year
after crops are "laid b." one days
labor. ludiciousiy distributed through
out the ear will accomplish more
and better work In the maintenance
Of an earth road than the same
amount 81 labor expended IN six dsys.
especially n n six DAYS are In Aus
Runi, september or October. when
The ground II hard ana dry.
Because ~ Nv simplicity. its ef-
nciency and chenpness the split-loa
drag or some similar device IL des-
tined 10 come into more ana more
general use. With che drag properly
iuilt and ~ use we'll understood. tho
maintenance Of earth and gravel
roads becnmes a simple and mex
pensivc matter. Care should be
taken To make the log 40 Hight that
one man can tn q with ease. as a
light drag can be drawn by two me-
dunn sized horaef and responds more
feadhiy % various methods 81 hitch.
ina and shifting positions Of the op-
orator than a heavier d
aNAn