Iron County record. [volume] (Cedar City, Utah) 1893-1982, 1914-01-30

uIH HVM niuAtiRttCO W rat"dae- - 49,
ding. A scion Is portion cut from
plant to be inserted upon another lor
the same) plant, with the intention that
II shall grow. Except for herbaceous
grating the wood for scions should Id
taken while In dormant or resting
condition. The time usually consider
ed best is after the leaves have fallen,
but before severe freezing begins
The scions are tied In punches and
buried In moist sand, where they VIII
not freeze and yet will be kept cold
enough to prevent growth. Good re-
suits often follow cutting scions In the
spring Just before or at the time the
grating is to be done IL cleft graft
ing is the style TO be employed this
practice frequently gives good results,
but spring cutting Of scions for whip
grating is not desirable.
The stock is the plant or part of
plant upon which or into which the
bud or scion is inserted. For best re-
suits in grating 1t is essential that the
stock be In an active condition.
Cleft grating is particularly adapted
to large trees when for any reason 1t
becomes necessary to change the va
riety. Branches too large to be work
ed by other methods can be cleft graft
ed. A branch one or one and one-balf
inches In diameter Is severed with
saw. Care should be taken that the
bark be not loosened from any portion
of the stub. Split the exposed end
with a broad thin chlsel or grating
tool. Then with a wedge or the wedge
shaped prong at the end of the grating
tool spread the cleft so that the scions
may be inserted
The scion should consist of portion
Of the previous seasons growth and
should be long enough to have two or
three buds. The lower end of the
scion which Is to be inserted Into the
cleft should be cut into the shape of a
wedge, having the outer edge thicker
than the other. In general 1t Is good
plan to cut the scion so that the lowest
bud will come just ut the top Of this
wedge, so that 1t will be near the top
of the stock. To make this contact of
the growing portions doubly certain the
scion IL often set at slight angle with
the stock into which 1t is inserted.
After the scions have been set the
operation of cleft grating is completed
by covering all cut surfaces with a
layer of grating wax.
Whip grating is almost universally
used In root grating. It>has the ad-
vantage Of being we'll adapted to small
plants only one or two years OF age,
and 1t can be done indoors during the
comparative leisure of winter.
The graft Is made by cutting the
stock off diagonally--ope long smooth
cut with a sharp knife, leaving abou.
three-fourths Of an inch Of cut surface.
Place the knife about one-third Of the
distance from the end Of the cut sur.
face at right angles to the cut and
| split the stock In the direction of Its
long axis. Out the lower end of the
| scion in like manner, and when the
two parts are forced together thrrsSs
surfaces will At neatly together. and
one will nearly cover the other II scion
and stock are of the same size. A DIFF.
ference may be disregarded unless 1t
be too great After the scion and stock
have been locked together they should
be wrapped with five or six turns Of
waxed cotton to hold the parts family
together. 1t is In root grating that the
whip graft finds Its distinctive fel4f.
The roots are dug and the scions are
| cut In the fall and stored. The work
of grating may be done during the
winter months. When the operal Jon
has been performed the CRAFTS lare
| packed away in moss, sawdust or hnd
I'm cool cellar to remain until spEtng.
In ordinary propagation by MEANS OF
whip CRAFTS the scion is cut with about
three buds, and the stock is nearly as
long az the scion The graft Isl 80
| planted as to bring the union of STOCK
| and scion not very far below the dur
face of the ground. But where 1.-THE
trees are required to be especially
hardy In order to stand severe winters
and the roots used are not known t
be so hardy as the plants from which
the scions have been cut a different
plan is adopted. The scions are ttut
much longer, and the roots may be leu
shorter, and the graft is planted 81
deep as to cause roots to issue frjon
the lower end of the scion. When 1ak
en- up to be set In the orchard the Orig
inal root may be removed entirely.
| Budding is one of the most econ1pm
Zeal forms of artificial reproduce hon
and each year witnesses its mores gen
eral use.
The operation of budding is s,impl
and can be done with great speed b.
expert builders. The work has ueuall
to be done In July, August or earl
September. The bud should be ! AXE
from wood Of the present sep SOU
! growth. Since the work Of buddfng
done during the season Of attiy
growth the bud sticks are preparedh s
that the petiole or stem of each ledlf
left attached to serve as a handlf
aid In pushing the bud home whe@ II
sorting 1t beneath the bark OF tn
stock. This is what is usually Cd lie
shield bud and is cut so that 81 Ina
portion of the woody tissue OF III
branch is removed with the bud
The stock for budding should he {
least as thick as the ordinary lead Epei