davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

factory results. Extensive expert
ments are being made with this grass
and arrangements have been made so
that sufficient seed will be grown for
all demands.
Rhodes grass is continuing to show
its high value for Florida and Gulf
coast conditions. American-grown
seed will be produced to- meet the
continued growing demands.
vetches.
Interest in the cultivation of
vetches, especially the hairy vetch,
continues to increase, and there is
probably now greater acreage grown
than ever before. In many parts OF
the United States seed is now being
grown successfully. One difficulty in
the production of hairy-vetch seed,
which ordinarily must be grown with
a small grain crop, has been the sep
aration of the seeds.
By means of the spiral seed sepa-
rator, this can easily be accomplished,
and these machines are now available
to American farmers. There is rea-
son to believe that within the near
future sufficient American seed will
be raised to meet the demands and
probably reduce the price of seed
much below what is at present asked.
The department has recently intro
duced the purple vetch, which is
especially promising, inasmuch as 1t
yields as much hay and more seed
per acre than the common vetch.
cowpeas.
The cowpea investigation, especial
" in breeding, has resulted In the
production Of a considerable number
of exceedingly promising new yarie-
ties, some of which. especially from
the view point Of seed production. are
apparently superior to any OF the
standard varieties.
Alfalfa.
The breeding OF improved varieties
Of alfalfa, especially hardy ana
drough-enduring strains. has devel
oped, new possibilities through the
finding OF forms OF yellow-fowered
Medicago falcata that produce new
plants from true lateral roots. Ger
tain Of the forms that possess this
character are good, forage types, and
it is hoped that by: hybridizing them
with selected plants of common al
falfa an extremely vigorous strain
will result.
AS result Of the recent introduc-
ton Of new roots OF seed OF Peruvian
alfalfa, the chances Of establishing
this variety in the southwest are be-
coming extremely favorable. Peruvian
alfalfa has so thoroughly demonstrate
ed its value as Quie rowing strain
! for warm cli1nat VI little difficulty
= tleipaeee 4 s. ing # thoroughly
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
established e soon as the seed II
placed on the market.
Potnto Diaaaa>e

established e. soon Is the seed Il
placed on the market.
Potato Diseases.
The appearance Ia 4 destructive
way Of several new diseases of po-
tatoes in large producing areas has
caused great alarm and heavy loss In
certain Of the important potato pro
ducing districts of the Rocky Noun
tain territory. Among these mala-
dies, heretofore unknown In this cours-
try, are leaf-roll, known in Europe for
q number Of years. curly dwarf.
rosette, and the mosaic disease.
The attention of the Psychologists in
charge Of this line Of work has been
devoted exclusively to study Of the
causes and methods for controlling
these troubles. AS result of the in
vestigation method has been worked
out by which the resistance OF the
foliage OF potato varieties or seed
lings may be tested in the greenhouse
during the winter which will greatly
facilitate the work Of potato breed
ing and will also furnish a method
of determining whether seed potatoes
are free from this disease. Recent in
vestigations have proved that the dry
rot of potatoes, which has been de-
structive in certain regions, is not
caused by Fasarium, as was previ-
ously supposed, but that this disease
is due to other wound parasites.
Date Ripening.
The work during the last year has
proved beyond doubt that the arti-
fetal ripening of dates such as the
Degelet Moor may be carried on
cheaply and efficiently merely by
keeping the full-sized though imma-
ture fruit in moist, warm condition.
Fruit SO ripened is cleaner and more
attractive than that ripened on the
tree. Thus the failure Of the Degelet
Moor to ripen on the tree as it does
in some parts of the Sahara Desert,
which at first seems great draw
back to date culture In California.
turns out to be an actual advantage,
permitting the ripening Of the fruit
more uniformly and more efficiently
than is possible in the open air, where
the conditions cannot be controlled.
Date Propagation.
The rapid propagation Of date off
shoots is matter of great import
ance to the development Of the date
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
Only Lease

george Cohan, just the day before
MS automobile accident, was talking
to me about beautiful chorus giri
who had married millionaire of 78
years said Philadelphia impresario.
was shocked. l was indignant,
Tor the girl is one of the loveliest crea-
lures I've ever seen.
TO think of her!' growled. ITO
think that that beautiful, beautiful
girl should sell herself to such an old
ruin!'
"Cohan smiled his queer little twist
ed smile.
" My dear boy he said, this isn't a
saie-lts lease. w Washington Her.
aid.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
Tobacco Investigations.
Summer Apples.

Summer apples were. for long pc
Rod, q minor commercial considera-
ton, but for the past 10 or Is years
an important demand Tor them has
developed IN the eastern markets.
which has greatly stimulated the
planting of early apple varieties in
many sections where formerly they
were little valued.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
A Girl All Rinht

Mark Twain, SO the story goes, was
walking on Hannibal street when he
met woman with her youthful fam
lily.
$50 this is the little girl, eh?" Mark
said to her as she displayed her chill
dren. And this sturdy little urchin
in the bib belongs, / suppose, to the
contrary sex?"
"Yessah," the woman replied; Eyes
sab, OATS a girl, oo."-Exchange.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
Only One He Knew.

Can you give me an example of a
toothless animal of the mammalian
group?" asked teacher of small
boy in the class of zoology.
Eyes, SIR said the boy, promptly.
Indeed! What is it?'
my a!"-BOston Globe.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
Tommy's Excuse

Teacher-To Tommy Slimson, have you
any good excuse for being late?
Tommy (beaming)-Yes, ma'am.
Teacher-What is it?
Tommy-Waffles.- Harper's Bazaar
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

In round figures 100000 sheep
are sheared in this country each year,
yielding 2S9,O0O,OO0 pounds of wool,
worth $65,OOO,00O.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
March of Progress.

allow long must wait for this pres
alp .hont thirty minutes" answered
AJ Spnggist, but you can occupy
The u 4;rae pleasantly. Here is a coup
!Oul h 'i entities you to admission to
OIL ewing picture show"
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
IF YOU'RE cRoucHv

it is likely that your liver needs stir
ring up. Wright's Indian Vegetable
Pills will set you right quickly. Adv.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

There are 10000 barristers in the
united kingdom and only about 1000
practice.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

What Stocks?
Mr.. Rockefeller enigmatically re-
marks that stocks are as good as eggs,
and some financiers seem to think
they are as easily scrambled.-Balti-
more American.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27
What Stocks

Dr. Peery's vermifuge dead Shot, kills
and expels Worms in a very few hours.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

Putnam Fadeless Dyes make
no muSS.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

Fortunate in Her Husband.
did your husband have any luck on
his hunting trip"
Splendid! Didn't you hear?"
"No. What was it?"
"He got back alive."-Houston Post.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

The total production of coal in ChinA
at present reaches almost 10000, 600
tons year.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

Every effort is being made to make
army life as attractive as possible In
order to get the most desirable class
of recruits.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1914-02-27

Formerly French was the most wide
ly spoken language; today it is the
mother tongue of only 100000. an
compared with 1OO,00O,00O who speak
German and 130,O00,000 who speak
English.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
ONE WAY TO SEE RACES
Day Line Boats To BE Van
tage Points of Big Regatta.

The Hudson River Day Line boats
again will be vantage points at the
PCughkeepsie regatta or Friday.
Owing TO the increased demand for
accommodation OH boat race day the
Robert Fulton and the Albany will be
used as special observation steamers,
and will anchor in the most advan-
taeeous positions possible so that their
passengers may see the college crews
battle for the rowing supremacy.
The first boat, the Albany, will leave
Debrosses 81. ot $3.50 IN. on Friday
and the Fulton will leave the same
dock at i0:45. They will stop at West
l2d ST. at $40 and IL a. m. and West
l2gth st. at 1920 and ll:2O, respec-
ti1 ely.
After the races the Robert Fulton
viii return TO the Day Line pier al
Poughkeepsie and take on such pas
seneers as are ready to return imme-
diately to New York. The Albany will
call at the Poughkeepsie pier for OBJ
servation train passengers and then
proceed to New York.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
"Of Course I'll Win"
Says Jack Johnson
CUP YACHTS TO
RACE ONCE MORE
The Vanitie Hauled Out
and Carefully Groomed
for Clash To-day.

The cur defence yachts Resolute,
Nanitie and Defiance will start this
morning in the annual regatta OF the
New York Yacht Club of Glen Cove:
These yachts, sailing as Class H. OF
Division A. will be sent away at
i9:15. Glasses B. c. u, f and + go at
1890, the New York Yacht Club INF
ties" at l2:25 and the other classes at
five. minute intervals.
One-gun starts will be used, except
for Class II. which will be a two-mm-
ute handicap start. 49,.
In order 10 have his sioop Nanlt'e
in the best possible condition for the
race, Alex Smith Cochran had her
hauled out at Jacobs yard. City Island
Yesterday. where her bronze null re-
ceivcd a thorough polishing: Wneh
She cones 20 the starting line TINS
morning she will be ready TO meet her
two opponents in the ninth race oil the
series Of preliminary contests.
THE Resolute Remained at anchor
Yesterday in Glen Cove Harbor and the
defiance lay of Mr.. Pynchon's place
at Greenwich. ~
feature Of to-dsy's race VIII be
,he contest in the schooner and sloop
classes for the New York Yacht CLUB
course Guns, which were offered IN
1871 nv James Gordon Bennett for
competition by yachts enrolled III tne
club. One of the cup defence yachts
may win the cup for sloops. Inc cup
for "two stickers" probably VIII brlng
out a gooG feet
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
FIRST VICTORY FOR
THE SAUCE COUNTY
Worcestershire Causes Surprise
in Cricket Circles by Its
Defeat of Gloucester.


London. June Worcestershire
caused a great surprise to-day by seor-
ing its first victory in the county
cricket championship series, beating
Gloucestershire by $50 runs at More
Ton. This triumph will do the
Sauce" County a power Of good, as,
owing to bad luck and loss o. enthJ-
siasm, there is possibility OF the clI5
being disbanded next month.
Gloueestershire is now the only
county that has yet 20 win a game
Yorkshire, which has fallen away badly
this season. entertained Leicester ct
Bradford. The visitors led on the first
Inning. but time would not permit the
game TO be finished. Leicester had the
best OF the draw. and the three points
obtained will help its standing maze
rally.
An exciting game took place at Hor5-
ham between SUSSEX and Hampshire
which resulted in win for the latter
b. the close margin OF two wicke-s.
The remaining feature, between Derby
shire and Northamptonshire at Derby
was left drawn. the home team having
the advantage throughout
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
AUSTRALASIANS SAIL SOON
Lawn Tennis Team to Start
for This Country July II.

The Australssian lawn tennis team
viii sail for this country on board Che
Aquitania, Of the Cunard Line, on Sat
urday, July II. Notification to this e.
feet was received yesterday from Lon
don by the Davis Cup committee Of
management, composed Of T.. d. Wrenn,
II. W. Slocum and George +. Adee.
Gordon Inglis, the official represent
ative Of the Australasian L. A. A. in
London, stated that Norman f. Brooks,
captain Of the team, was we'll satisfied
with the dates and arrangements for
the preliminary ties against Canada,
which will be played on the turf Of the
Onwentsia Club, Lake Forest, Ill.
II is expected that Anthony F. Wild
ing. Norman L. Brooks, Stanley n.
Doust and A. W. Dunlop, the -four
members of the Australasian team, viii
remain in this city a few days before
iourneying to Chicago to meet the Ca
nsdians. Already plans for meeting the
players are being arranged by the
Davis Cup Committee and officers OF
the West Side Tennis Club. II is Ike
r. that they will be entertained at
luncheon at the clubhouse at Forest
Hills. Long Island.
Harry Parker. of the West Side com
mittee which has charge OF the reser-
vatiOns for seats for the DAVIS Cup
matches, has up to date received $4,000
in cash for seat allOtments. The stands
will accommodate only ten thousand
spectators. and there will be no space
FOR stsndees.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
ORTIZ BADLY HURT IN FALL
National League Umpire May
Be Laid Up for Some Time.

Philadelphia. June PA Orth, Ma
tional League umpire. was severely in
iured on the knee and elbow previous
TO to-day's game at Philadelphia ball
park. Orth stumbled and fell in the
subway leading to the Philadelphia
players bench. He was taken to an
hospital and may not be able TO UNI
pire again for some time.
Smiling AL" IS 0rth was known to
the fans. played several years in the
big leagues before becoming an UNI
pire. When the American League in
vaded New York 0rth was secured
from Washington and for two or three
years was one of the Yankees most
dependable pitchers. He was fire.
quently called upon TO play in the out
field because Of his batting ability.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
Wins Junior Metropolitan
Title for Second Time
by Defeat of Hilton.
HACKENSACK PLAYER
LACKED CONFIDENCE
Obendorfer Captures Medal
Play Handicap, While Church
Takes Putting Contest

For the second year in succession
Philip Van Gelder Carter. Of Nassau,
won the metropolitan junior golf cham
pionship Yesterday. when he defeated
Vincent X. Hilton. Of Hsekensack, in
the decisive test over the links Of the
PlainGeld Country Club by 8 IN and 6
TO play.
Earlier in the day Carter vas Up
posed TO Edmund Nash. Of Apawanis,
and the latter went around IN an APP
pToxmsted IS and forced Carter TO he
seventeenth green. The margin was
up and to play. Hilton's 1rst oppo-
nent was Osborne Lawcs, of Upper
Montelair. the last named being beaten
easily, up and 4 TO play. IL was in
this round that Ii ton showed his real
golf, and AZ no TINE was he in danger.
He had an spproXimated 80.
The defeat of Hilton at the hands of
Garter was as much psychological as
anything else. IL will be recalled that
the Hsckensaek lad went at a great rate
of speed in the recent interseholastic
championship and then fell before Car
ter in the semi-fnal round. Hilton and
Carter are great friends and attend the
same school. pawling. The Two lads
play great game Of golf together, snd
thus Hilton is we'll acquainted with he
game Of the interscholastic title holder.
II was evident as Hilton teed up that
he felt there was something coming to
him, and the result was that he began
with the loss of the first hole. With
this attitude of mind no one could eX-
pect TO win, and so it was in Hilton's
case.
That the youth is capable Of better
golf was shown oil many occasions. At
the second, for instance, his drive was
sliced into a trap. but with a rare re-
covery he reached the green and was
able TO get halve in 4. Carter won
four straight holes after that, the sixth
being presented to him on a silver y at
ter. Hilton had wee putt FOR n win,
and proceeded to take two tries before
he could get it down. This was a sam
pie Of the lack Of heart the Hackensack
boy mad in the game.
BY the time the turn was reached
Carter mao won holes. He drew FUR
Their away at the tenth, and the most
creditable performance of the Ilackcn-
sack boy was his at the eleventh.
where he won his only mark. Carriers
drive was off the line into the rough
and Hilton played the hole in the nan
ner of which he is capable. The match
was ended on the twelfth. when Hill
toms putting went awry. The card fol-
lows;
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
Miss Krug Leads New York
Women Golfers in
Qualifying Round
of Tourney.

Shawnee Delaware, Penn. June q.
Mrs. Ronald H. Barlow, Of the Merton
Cricket Club, easily won the medal in
the qualifying round Of the annual
women's invitation golf tournament on
the links of the Shawnee Country Club
here to-day, with a score of 90. This
was six strokes better than her club
mate. Miss Ethel Maui, who was next
in line with 90.
More than thirty players teed up in
the testing round. which did not begin
until this afternoon. Provision was
made for three Fights Hiss Louise r.
Krug, Of Englewood, led the New York
women, her score of 1O2 tying for third
place with Miss Ethel Campbell, Of
Overlook. Miss Frances Mason. a
Glen Ridge girl. who has only been
playing year, qualified in the second
fight.
The course is more difficult than ever
this season. and Mrs. Barlow's 93 is
most creditable under the circum-
stances. She drove long balls and
pulled steadily. Her card was as fol-
lows:
Mr.. r. II. Barlow Merion-
out ...............6 = SIS
In mathematics. 5-iJ-c
Mrs. Caleb Fox, the Huntingdon Val
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
LOVIBOND wins
In STRAIGHT SETS
Beats Gordon, Reaching
Semi-FinalS in Bronxyille
Lawn Tennis Tilt.

Arthur VI Lovib0nd, the former 7th
Regiment champion. fought his way
into the semi-finsl round yesterday in
the annual open lawn tennis tourna-
ment on the clay courts of the Bronx
Vile Athletic Association, at Bronx
vile. n. Y. Lovibond gained his
bracket by defeating G.. A. Gordon, at
Go, 6-1.
DR.. William ROsenbaum and c. c.
Chambers won their matches in the
fourth round, and landed in the round
BEFORE the semi-finals. Rosenbaum had
a lively afternoons work in putting
out Harold Styles. after losing the first
set at 6-8. He gradually worked his
game up after that, gaining many aces
OIL his displacement shots and winning
the last two sets at 63, s.
lingo Hartman offered only slight re-
sistance to Chambers, who was going
81 his best, his overhead work COM
pletely battling his opponent Cham
Lers won with the loss of only two
genes, at 60, 6-2.
The greater part Of the day was le-
voted TO running off the mems doubles
matches, the first round being almost
entirely finished and beginning made
in the second bracket.
Mems singles Fourth round)-Dn William
Eosenbaum defeated Harold styles. S--I0, g.
g. c.: @. G. Chambers defeated lingo Hart
mann. co. %
Fifth round-A. VI. Ioylbond defeated q
A. Gordon, G-3. t--i.
Mems doubles first roundD-Dr Rosenbaum
and ". z. Fox. jr defeated Count A. SalAl
and Georges Aranyi. -. SIS: George :.
Groesbeck and g. Bishop Won from II.
Parker and partner by default: Chambers
and X. Fl. Crowley won from o. G.. A. Child
and j. Todd. by default: Leonard Beekman
md Allen TDbcy won from =. i. Walsh and
partner by default: dudley Bri;ton and r. J..
Robertson. ir. defeated II. Styles and Dr. 3.
j. Draks, -. G--4; II. MlnSus and T..
LcwisOhn won from G. A. l.. Dionne and Il.
~ Phillips BY defaut Z. Wilson and b. i.
baldwin won from y. Sands and Dudley
Graves by default \. McMullln and T.
fothcrngham won from l.. NJ. Burt and c.
Warren BY default: II. sgter and Z. Corne-
Illus defeated Cannon and Van Week, -,
60 Il. ;. Rothschld and Abraham BASS
ford. jr., defeated NJ. L. Fox jr.. and q.
Walter. CT. -: \. NJ. LOvibOnd and
Paul Mead defeated A. Ferris and y. Tier,
/ G-1, 81: VI. l. I. BalyaO and &. Jollin de
featal j. II. Stelnkampf and lingo Hartmann,
los. O--6. 6-3: +. Ashley and n. HarTi-
son won from = n. Noshell and partner by
default T. T. Hunter and A. J. Ostcndori
defeated Cedric Major and c. Johnson. g.
G-3
second round Clifford Black and II. Roc
crs defeated l.. COTdict and n. Green. Sd
S-3: Bcekman and Tobey defeated Chambers
and Crowley. 6-2, sc. Brtton and Robin
son won from Minkus and Lewis0hn By de-
fault ''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
No Trusting the
Camera Always

Poughkeepsie, \. H.. June gf.-''The
Judges boat was the only place from
which could be given an accurate de-
clsi0n ON the result Of tho isIe-HEr-
ward race" said Vivian Nlckalis. eoaeb
~ the Pennsylvania eTews, to-day. -
don't care what the camera FILMS STOW.
ihes arc not accurate. unless the cam
era was absolutely ON the nnIsb line.
This WIS the eommeni 81 the brother
Of Gay NkLaiis. the Yale eonch. when
told that the moving pictures we're re-
ported 20 have shown that Harvard
won the Taer.
The coach was huslly engaged in APP
plying steel wool 10 the Pennsyisania
varsity she'll. and the ha-der he rubbed
fhe nore emphatic were his words.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25

CHANGES MADE IN
THE SHAMROCK Nv
Upton Boat Being Sloop.Rigg d
and Will Have Bigger
HeadSail

Southampton. England, June "a Sir
Thomas Lipton's Shamrock w. chal-
lenger for the Americas Cup, is being
sloop-rigged again, but retains the
longer bcySprit and will have bigger
single headsail than before. Whether
this change will be permanent depends
upor the result of further tests OF the
challenger with the older Shamrock
Before the rorigging was begun the
Shamrock " had another trial with
Shamrock III in a strOng wind and a
lively sea. The race, however. was
abandoned after twelve miles had been
covered in order TO avoid risks of acct
dent to the ehalleTger's gear. The
Shamrock " was leading at the time
and her gear had stood the severe test
well.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
WILLOWLY SHOWS WAY
Wins Gold Medal in Novice BIZ
cycle Race at Brighton Beach.

W. Willowly won the gold medal first
prize in the two-thirds of mile no'i:e
bicycle race from big field last night
at Brighton Beach. c. Fagen finished
second. The final heat in the one
mile open for amateurs: continued from
Sunday night. was won by Jerry Nun
zfsta in 2:27 SIS. Adam Byerman was
second and Alfred o. Lake third. A.
Desmond proved the gamest OF q, tield
Of thirty in the one-mile consolation
stakes for non-winners this season. J..
Pratt took second prize and Nat Gut
of third. the time being 2:0l.
Leon Dider. middle distance mo or
paced champion of France, established
a new mark for thirty miles, covering
the distance in $500 l-5. thereby beat
ing the former record held by BOBBY
Walthour of 1888 1-5. Walthour MAS
second, with George Wiley third aad
Clarence Carmen fourth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1914-06-25
EMPEROR GIVES
A YACHTING CUP
Adds Trophy to Those Offered
bv President Wilson and
King of England.

San Francisco, June 24.-Ihe an
nourcement that the German Emperor
will give a cup to the winner OF tne
sonderklass yacht race at the fansHa-
PaciSc Fxposition was contained in n
TELEGRAM received yesterday by the
German Consul. Franz Bopp, from the
German Ambassador in Washington.
This makes the third cup from the
baa6 of a great nation, as President
Wilson has offered a cup for the win
nor of the twelve-metre race ard King
George V o. England has put up cup
for the Class \ race under universal
rules.