davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

B :
TIE DennErs canning plant Il =
bssy pace these days. Fozy shc@sa-d
czses of tomatoes hare b@sr pasLst
II -5s iass three weeks tbs 4esOET
u nosed Tor IL CRAFTY q y-udzcts
and fhsy IRE skipped 10 NORTH Dakota
and tns Paca1c coast also foE the
houas trade. The D@nntss Ez-e
seems 10 be drzrtng card On ras
market After tie factory ts tarouga
RITZ tcrzsoes, they Tfig store zray
seTen hundred basaes Os street. 20
tztoes
NEza Billion ~ St. Lozis Il = zEss-
~ the J. l. vz-nsdII hoGae- Il EIl
be remembered that sEyz. Yrzeefs z
Billion. mother o. this lady, gave the
groana where the school building has
stood for many yezrs. called the CITY
park. pn.ch shori6 be Billion park
Little Miss MAY Jfuerson COED
plains Of moi being Eeii and II under
a physfctzn's care
Services we're conducted II ST.
gzrnzbas Episcopal church SatnrdzF
evening
There's entered the hardware store
o. John Nezxssssn Saturday night
ard took guns, zmmunittOn. knives
and watches They entered the rear
door and the supposstton Is tbsy made
their getaway IN = skfff az one was
missing the next morning.
There b considerable Sickness
here Suss nOv-
r. YrT e
pect 70 enter the Soldiers home a
Mzrsaafisovn Tor the winter. The
soll0-fng Noasrose ladies remember.
ed secretly, the annual birthday o.
Mr. Johnson. Nrz Elmer Reed, Mrs.
David Houghtcn, Mrs Joseph Hobbs
VINO. with well filled baskets Of good
things, invaded the home. They en-
soyed the hospitality Of the Keokuk
friends who left reminders OF the
day
The high school girls enforced a
masked bali At the Galenffns home
Saturday night.
James Gale and wife returned from
q visit at Pft.s0eId. H.. Monday
evening accompapnpied by Mr.. and
NE. f8IA AAfOs VI t00S PLoN<- AhSS
were enroute by auto. Mr.. Gale lost a
wheel from the back Of the car,
valued at 5000.
i. In with regret re chronicle the
passing OF Miss Hulds Woifenbar-
ger, who was born and reared At
Charleston, Iowa, whose death oc-
CURED at National City. Calf, Sep
TENT Der Is. 1914.
Veteran Harry Wilson, who had the
misfortune TO fall on the sidewalk
Last week, making an ugly scalp
wound, was removed to the Marshall
town soldiers home Saturday. Com
rade Thomas Simpson acted as nurse.
The Ladies Aid society OF the u. e.
church viii give pumpkin pie social
George Bowen, linotype operator
on the Quincy Wing, spent several
days with home folks last week.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

rig % : norEtT Bridge II szzs Es<1o-
sty.
EzS<r Bs1Sz1s5 ~ DxEeESorr raasE,
I'd Ess ssD<her and assseT m shss 75r11na-
stg. @
HenU HOs1ey - bEsf11zg . ssT
zSEn&e.
Tne farmers z.s karouza vfts raeas
hs1 koEEe. . fs~ days ago
shzz- JsAasos ras Crcro1 ez1er
1ns day last reek
Osfo Jck1zon vza > cYoe01 caller
one DAP lzsz week
Kfrx EAstzshfye4 saA sgoshess Ceso.
xnt T. r. ssesaoE we're Yzr-xazscz
czzsess one 6ay Exs4 week
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
VIII ssay on Duty.

limited Press Leased Wife Service
NEW YORK. Oct 13.-In order te
fight the board Of education against
its ruling on eIpectant motherfeAch
ers. q local teacher who IS about Of
give birth TO child viii remain on
duty unfN compelled 70 retire. Hes
name is being kept . secret, bat u
is stated by Miss Henrietta Rodman
vice president of the league for the
civic service OF women that the wom
an IL II years old. a graduate OF
teachers college and the daughter Of
q Methodist minister.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
CHARLESTON.

~
Guy Noodle was . Keokuk passen-
ger Tuesday.
Arlie Barnes and brother Frank
Barnes Of st. Louis, we're Donnellson
callers Tuesday.
Morgan Barnes and son Hugh were
DonneI1son callers Wednesday
Rhiney REM and wife Of Budapest,
Hungary. are visiting relatives here.
Jacob Hopp was Donnellson caller
Tuesday.
Rev. Rex and family Of Montrose
passed through town Monday.
VIM. Hitler was e DonneIlson caller
TUESDAY.
Jacob webber Of Nebraska. passed
through town one day last week en-
as
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

route Tor Ne~ Boston
Can Flndeass Of Keokuk WAS .
Charleston caller Thursday.
.frs. Peter Trump and children Il
len and Roy we're Donneilson callers
Friday.
Eyeret Philips vas . Donnellson
caller Friday
John Hopp and son Harry we're
Donnellson callers Friday
Frank Barnes and family who have
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

been visiting relatives here. returned
TO their home in St Lcu.s Wednesday,
Morgan Barnes and son James
spent Sunday AZ the Samuel Spahr
home at Montrose
GUY Moolie Was Donneiison caller
Friday.
Louis Lutz and family were Don
nelson Visitors Sunday.
James Barnes vas Donnelisou
caller Friday
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
cRoToN.
) . $50 >>>> - . .

Quite number OF the n. W. OF A.
lodge attended the funeral of their
brother, Geo. Rider. OF Belfast.
C. Batten went to Des Moines last
week on business.
The oyster and ice cream supper
that was given by the Knights and
Ladies' Saturday night was largely at
tended.
Miss Florence Wells Of Pennington
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
Mrs.. James 10 Sick.

rUnffed Press Leased Wire Service
CHICAGO. Oct. 13.-Mrs. Edmund
y. James, wife Of the president 81 the
university Of Illinois. is critically Ill
n a health resort at Winnetka- Presi-
dent James said today that he is
alarmed over her Illness.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
THOUGHT goa TO-DAY.

Eorgas are daily rfned
Ey TIE zzsty tafsyes.
4ad tas took Of nx.rzrs
Eettezk saost OF 5savss
--TaoEzs Hood
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

Paragraphs have been urged 70 Te
turn 10 their native land, which IA tns
1rst fntima3ion We hare had thzl
everything was not ioTsIy ia that lit
tie country.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

Japan nz1sst oe dssarasrz, sks la
abolished her shozsna,
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
NEW TESTIMONY
III hACOhb CASE
ran Greek SSsss<e ~ s.s-- Tesss
tssss Comparing Fss~sex Trsr1s
srs says Trey Tsssses
MIR Orssrs~
HOW ACCUSED ACTED
Srsessssity sRs 81 ~. sess y sts:efs
EygSence Wssc1 - sSSnsssss 10
Barre AZ frs.
7rssI
how ACCUSED AcTEr

! AACOAB, Or. l54-SrGE.s Henry
gcar--akznac ~ ssa Greek .ornaElD.
! 9sas. b@sors eDzr closed En tie Fay
FTaaseErssd. nasrSes trial testified
that sEs tracks naz1s By the csze.f-
z-sts asvses ~ ~ e.esrs frczz ting rzrt
aGrro1Etsnx she PfsnseznsiSs rssEs 90
gaStzT asGrnEsg rsss Eertsczf1Y tie
serce a. the sny-sasa sogE6 fr TIE
bsrn se~ By ne srs- visitors 10 fhs
5s&ze
TIE 1ftIess aatt Re toox SPECIAL
csaax 30 examine Tie tracks IN TIE
barn ~ and saoae z.z6s on Sua6zy
WHEN teg@ D.ssoGsy troTs rfta kss
sweetheart 70 ker 5oze so- fsansx
ssest sooz- TIE DecaExs1y saxpe6
sssoe OF oas OF ras po1ses corescoEs-
81 b<ezuse o. the Interfering Ing ~
ryoTen by tie zszss.
Sgssse Eca.erzkszsD ID an entirely
nsr witness .os the s.zts x1< esr1EeT
testified siaas sts SSEkzn0y os KAy
Psznscans1t he 5czkzT noEsax os
the fire vzs tas Ea-zs "a ks stock
hands WITH f-5eSSs AID relatives. sa-
tso1Ecsd hEs ss1css zsd csz..sc freely
wttaost hzrsng tie zS,ezYsacs OF zn-
xgssh oY sadness
3s~ UsssrcSt gSSsy.
Margaret Tezrnsy. wfo mas Nsrz-
sYet GSsntle- frrfag the srs trial,
testified 10 sessnx Ray Pfznscanabers
inherent bSzxy going 2 direction 9th
sr than Qusncy on the ntgfs. Of the
murder. Mrs T~srnsy Eas schooI
teacher near the Eeeder home End
was being triren TO Quincy by Cheat
s4 Smith. friend.
ssrs. Tearney sss0 she beIieyed the
outfit to be that OF Ray Pfanscnmftt.
sfYs. Caroline Wand testified 10
hearing conversation over the teIs-
phone between Ray Pfangchmidt and
his mother Wednesday before the
murder. The defendant asked his
mother TO send him come books and
she remarked that she intended com
ing into Quincy the following day and
she would bring the books. Ray
| Pfanachmidt, said the witness, told
| his mother that he would be home
Saturday night.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
Mrs. Hood Testises.

Yrs. Rose Hood during Sunday
morning while the thousands were
crowding into the yard at the Plan
shmfdt home said 10 the defendant,
according to the direct examination by
the state:
Ray, believe your people we're
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

murdered o. Fr5dzJ nxhs, Tor the MAI
TIE esssn6zn. repssed. -On. 70
tazs easgd nSE be 30, for thsy mEs.
haFe beea zyo1ah here All day Ezt1r
day. since the stock has been fed
TIE wftnsss sztd the defendant acted
TIE SAGE. but his face Eas pale
On cross examination TIE witness
szsd she asked the prtsonsr II he did
noe Intend coming home SATURDAY. and
he asserted that he ras going to his
gncse's home for dinner.
Morning Session.
Hsvey Groas, proprietor OF gro
Gerry store ~ Psyson, vas the Ers;
Witness called In the trial and on
dsrscs examination told o. seeing the
Psanschridt family and Miss Emma
Kzsupen fn Pzyson FRIDAY evening.
September -, 1912. He said they pnr-
chased general articles and got In
their rvo-horEe carriage and started
home at 1870 O'Clock. He was not
cross examined By the defense.
George Wagner. another owner Of a
store In Payson, SAID he had cold coal
OIL and gasoline TO Charles Plan
schmidt several times and be knew
the family had two nyegaiIon cas-.
The witness testified that he knew Of
ceiling five gallons OF gasoline 70 the
father Of the prisoner ia September,
1872 He was not cross examined.
Albert Lawrence, who formerly
drove the hack between Payson and
Quincy, testified that he saw no signs
Of life in the morning or evening
about the Pfanschmfdt home on Sat
urday before the IRE. He was no.
cross examined.
William Long, q rural mali carrier,
testified that he left paper and some
other mail in the box al the Plan
schmidt home Saturday, and Sunday
morning the mail had not been re.
moved from the box. He was not
cross examined.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
Could Not Cali.


on Saturday but failed. She said there
were no calls from the Planschmfdt
home on this day to other parties
The defense did not cross examine
the witness.
Henry Schreck, the first arrival at
the Pfanschmidt burning home on
Sunday morning, said he believed fl
was about 2:20 O'Clock when ne saw
the flames from the top Of HIS wind
mill. He told Of pulling the tin
roof OH the bodies Of Charles. Ma.
tflda and Blanche Pfanschmidt and
Miss Emma Kaempsn, and described
the condition Of the bodies exactly an
in the previous trial. He testified that
the Pfanschmidt surrey was still in
the barn lot and In the bottom was a
nifty cent package OF sugar purchased
at the Wagner store.
Miss Roberta Whitcomb, a tele-
phone operator. said she was on duty
from s D. m. until the same honr the
following morning. and made several
futile efforts to get the Charles Plan
schmidt home on Saturday. She tes-
tilted that Mrs. r. c. Kaempen called
several times Saturday night to talk
to her daughter, Emma, but no answer
was received The witness also said
that there. were no calls received from
the Pfanschmidt home on Saturday.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13
MokrFose.

) >S>>>>>~>s>>>>>>
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1914-10-13

>ocsss>r IL 1914
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Make Your Plans
to Celebrate
With Oakley.
A Good Time is assured for EVERYBODY
on the Fourth.

The Committee of the Oakley Commercial Club who
have the arrangements in hand for the Fourth are now
working the details Of the program and hope be
able to give definite details in issue
Oakley salways noted for her celebrations people COM
ing from far and to join with and they will not be
disappointed this year there to be royal time
for everybody SO make your plans to join us.
Oakley has plenty of shade over the town and
you bring family and friends for enjoyable
trip to town.
The following committee have the arrangements hand
G. c. WILBURN Chairman
H. G. HAIGHT FRED H. CRITCHFIkLD
GEO H. SEVERE Mrs. W. w. QUILLIAN
z. E. COLPIN Mrs NJ HALVERSON
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Preparing Idaho
Exhibit for
Panama Exposition

University of Idaho Celebrates
its Twenty Fifth Anniversary.
A feature of the day was the
presence of Mr.. Jones who is get.
ting into shape the Idaho exhibit
for the Panama Exposition. Mr..
Jones had with him moving
picture expert and a large equip
ment OF cameras. These gentle.
men made movies of the wonder
tul Pagent which by exhibits and
floats tvpihed the industries OF
Idaho and the work OF the differ
ent departments of the University
OF the State.
In addition many films were
made of students at work in the
different departments of the Univ
ersity.
Idaho will be we'll repreented
at the Forthcoming exposition.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Health & Sanitation

Nhcre is close relationship
between cleanliness and health.
Ii the germs of disease are not
allowed to increase IN piles OF
filth. there will be practically no
disease. Low swampy lands can
be cheaply kept free from the
mosquito by the use of little
coal oil. Much disease is caused
by flies and mosquitoes. and II
we can control these pests we
have practically prevented dis
ease. The wood-tick is a menace
to health as it has been demon
strated that this little insect car
RES the bacteria of spotted fever.
BY all means let us prevent dis
ease by cleanliness aud sanitation
Time spent i'll cleaning is time
Well spent, tor it means compar-
at1ve immunity from disease,
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Forest Service News
Items.

Among the Forest homesteads
recently listed bv the secretary Of
Agriculture with the Secretary OF
the Interior are the folio wing:
An area of 16O acres within the
National Minidoka Forest was
listed to Henry Guard of Naff.
Utah. The land is situated about
20 miles from Kelton. Utah, and
about s milesfrom Strevell. Idaho
The cover consists, for the most
part. of sage brush.
An area of 16O acres in the
Minidoka National Forest was
listed to Silas Tracy of Kelton,
Utah. The land is situated about
20 miles fromkelton, Utah. and
4 miles from Strevell, Idaho. The
cover consists, for the most part
.ot sage brush.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Orpheum Theatre.

The following excellent pro
gram for next week is as follows
Monday and Tuesday, Nita
Doctor Polly a comedy drama
III two parts; Edison, United IN
Danger" drama; Bio, The Hus
bands Experiment" drama.
Wednesday and Thursday, Lubiu
:" In the Gamblers Web" drama
IN two parts; Edi, Boarding
House Romance" and IA Winter
Holiday in Bernice," comedies;
Ess. The Testing Fire" drama
Friday and Saturday, Kalem
The Country Seat War" drama
III two parts; Edi. The Man OF
Destiny" drama; Vita Scotland
Forever comedy.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Churchill Notes

The Churchill Ball Club won
the game from Murtaugh on the
home grounds Sunday afternoon
by a one sided score. A large
crowd OF enthusiastic rooters
were in attendance.
Several inches of snow fell last
week and the crops are looking
fine.
D. c. Workman and E. w. Mar
shall made a business trip to
Oakley the last of the week.
John L. Sullivan and Mr.. Moss
were passengers on the train to
Oakley Monday. returning the
same day.
Miss Velva,Daylcy spent SUM-
day visiting Mrs. Pearl Scheurer.
Churchill is one OF the livelist
towns in Southern Idaho.
A number OF Churchill people
went to Oakley Wednesday to at
tend the funeral Of Mrs. Work
man.
Don't forget the big ball game
next Sunday afternoon between
the Churchill and Rock Creek on
the Churchill grounds 1t prom.
ises to be the best game of the
season as the Rock Greek team
are a fast bunch of players. 2
O'Clock game is called for:
The Churchill Mercantile Co.
has a full line of Farm Implem-
ents always on hand. Buv at
home and built up your own town
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Hog Raising Pays.

w. D. Cranney, Jr has fine
ranch at Island. Mr.. Granny is
specializing in hog raising and is
meeting with marked success.
His idea is to make a pork factory
of his ranch and to feed his pro-
ducts and turn them into high
priced pork. This is farming that
pays. 1t is the only kind that
will bring best results. Turn
your raw materials into high
priced products, aud many will
come.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Mexican
Difficulty.

The Mexican difficulty looms
up as great and as serious AS
ever, and publicits can see no i'm
mediate solution. The differences
between the two factions seem
to be irreconcilable.
The cause of the war is econ
omic and agrarian.
The land system OF Mexicois in
such a condition that the lands
are practically all held by a few
absentee landlords who lease
these lands at prohibitive ra ties so
that the poor Mexican is always
laboring for the master. 1t is
actual slavery and until the land
problem is settled, there will be
no permanent peace in the South
crn republic. We cannot see that
the Mexicans themselves or the
A. BIC. nations will be able to
bring permanent peace.
The trouble is in the country
itself. and no external remedies
will relieve it.
There will have to be a redis
tribution of the agricultural lands
to insure domestic tranquility.
1t is the same as the Friar lands
controversy irf the Philippines.
Let the government Of Mexico
buy these lands from the land
lords at a fair valuation; and
then sell them at reasonable
price and in reasonable quantities
to the bona.fde tillers and Sc ttlers
We believe this will solve the
difficulty and advance the idea
for what it is worth.
Ne can see no other way to
handle the problem permanently.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Notice to
Taxpayers.

You are hereby notified that
personal checks will not be ac-
cepted at this Office in payment
of State and County Taxes.
Send bank draft, certified check
or money order.
Due observance Of this will save
this office much labor and the
taxpayer the annoyance OF hav-
ing their checks returned.
ANDREW LoUNsBuRY.
Tax Collector, Cassia County.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Panama Tolls
and Colombia.

Perhaps the public may know.
after having digested all these
debates concerning the Panama
Canal tolls, whether or not it is
a fact that the United States is
trucking to England. They may
also have discovered the condit-
ion of Uncle Sans national honor
and learned whether it has been
kept unsullied While the Panama
Canal matter NAV have stirred
up lots Of feeling throughout the
country, and have aroused all
sorts OF sentiment, yet those who
allowed themselves to be carried
tar aheld, threaten to balk at the
ratification Of the treaty with
Columbia, carrying with it re-
endorsement to the tune of S25,.
600, 900. A part of Congress is
very sure that we should make
the 'amrude honorable" to Col
ombia. and send along draft on
the United States Treasury. while
the opposite viewpoint is that
Uncle Sam Is beng blackmailed.
1t is plain that there is going to
be beautiful racket before this
treaty comes out of the Senate of
the United States.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Thoroughbred Pigs

We will wean next week litter
of Duroc Jersey Pigs of the best
blood in the county. We will sell
hve boars OF this litter, all eligible
for registration. We have also
for sale one Registered Berkshire
Boar, ii months old. This boar
is on our ranch near Island.
RADCLIFFE & TURNER.
Miner, Idaho
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
O.P.Elephant
Is Swallowing
Moose.

" s~S''' = 'O's 49,, JuhN -
The sort OF amalgamation
which will be Effected between
the Republican and Progressive
parties is the kind which will in
clude in the republican ranks all
the members OF both parties ex-
cept those who are now holding
office as progressiv es, according
to prediction made by Rep.
Mann OF Illinois, republican lead.
er OF the house.
In other words Mr.. Mann
taunts the progressive members
of Congress with the statement
that when the political tide flows
in and ebbs out they will be seen
lying high and dry upon the
sands of politics. like a detected
mass of seaweed.
MIR. Mann's remarks were call
ed forth by the battle cry of Vic
tor Murdoch ofKansas. progress
I'VE floor leader, who has been ex.
cesdingly active and gingery since
Col. Roosevelt injected a little
new life into the party, Mr..
Murdoch declared yesterday there
would be no amalgamation be-
tween the republicans and pro-
gressives, because the republicans
are too slow for the bull moosers
Later, III reply to this. Represen-
tative Mann called attention to
the tact that Representa- tive
Murdoch had been elected to
Congress on the republican ticket
and charged him with having re
pudiated the G. O. p. as soon as
he had been elected by its votes.
Said Mr.. Mann: "The gentle
man from Kansas was elected as
a republican. Like a number of
other gentlemen in the House
who were elected as republicans
some OF whom who now have
the courage 20 call themselves
progressives and abuse the re-
publican party all the time, al
thoug they were never elected up
on any ticket except the repub.
lican ticket : he will have the op-
portunity next November of run
ming as a progressive.
There has been talk of ANAL
gamation. as the gen tleman from
Kansas (Mr. Murdoch says, but
the so-called progressives throu-
out the country. the men who
voted for Col. Roosevelt the last
time, are coming back to the
republican party. Whatever the
outcome may be, the gentleman
from Kansas will be lett out in
the cold. He was elected as a
Republican. He repudiated the
party which he followed until he
had been elected. and when the
progressives come back to the
republican party, as the voters
will, these little so.called leaders
in the House, who cannot think
for themselves, who have no pos
ition upon any question until
they asked the colonel, and now
cannot find out from the colonel
they can still continue to be pro
gressives, but enough of the peo-
ple will come back into the re-
publican fold until this House
will be republican the next time
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12
Higbee at Opera House.

On Friday evening last Twin
Falls Dramatic Club presented
'Higbee of Montana, 'and gave
our Oakley people a good show,
the company acting their part 8
which took we'll with the people.
1t was regretted there was such
few attended.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1914-06-12

We have often wondered why
merchants in small towns each
devotes himself to staple articles
handled by all the others or bv
practically all. Why not special
ize. and each have something
different?