davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-06-21
The Method ofMaking Photographs from
Aeroplanes and Balloons How These
Pictures May Change History.

- HE science OF photography has
Al kept pace with the progress %
the age. ana new types Of lens.
emulsion have made 1t possible 70
Photograph anything at any time and
anywhere. Photography really plays
a very i'm portant part in Illustrating
Interesting current events, for 81 Is
used in so many ways instructive as
Is I'll as entertaining IN the early days
= wss merely the taking ef poor
quality Il portraits. Then when the
C5vil War came on and battlefield
photoera phs were made the pictures
were regarded a8 wonders, and Won
ders they were when one thinks OF
the labor required 70 make them. foe
the ph0togra pher had TO sensltiae both
HIS plates ana paper. Then. TOO. he
required sunlight for printing and a
few rainy days played havoc wlth his
plans.
When aeroplanes came into fashion
there was much discussion as 10
whether or not successful pictures
might he made during flights ana
phptogra pherS ware AeEeP-t try TINS
out. Picture making from free bal
looms had been ia q way successtu
but aerop1aniue was different The
popular casNeTa used by nswspap per
photographers Is of the rejecting type
and is totally unnt for aerial rhot4K-
raphy owing TO the fact that one must
loog IN the hood .at he top. This IS
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-06-21

for the men of tn yanks who may fall
victims to the white plague. 4 few
years later he wAS sent TO AlaskA.
AS q sanitary oficsr he has fsw equals.
and last year he did excellent work In
tho West in the hood district. whore
his efficiency in this line prevented the
epidennics which invariably follow .
disaster Of this kind. Major Hutton
was the sanitary ofI1cer ~ the encamp-
ment held at Gettysburg Ast summer
on the occasion Of the dftia1A ami
versary OF the Battle Of 0otfysburg.
About forty thousand men were In
camp and the task Of sAnitAe3on was
a colossal one but Major Hutton came
out victorious, for there was practical
ly no illness among the msu.
Hospital Corps Always In Danger.
Few people realize the danger which
the men Of the Hospital Corps un-
dergo. Always close to the firing line
carrying the desperately wounded to
places OF safety. or ~ . frS& aid Sta
tton patching UP men who are only
slightly wounded 20 that thsy may
return to the lines. or dressing wounds
Of the men who must b transported
to the field hospital. All day long
they work surrounded by shot and
shell. While tho army Of . ctvili3od
nation would not fire ON . Hospital
Corps man It 10 q weli-known fAct that
many OF them were killed. perhaps
unintentionally. during the Japaness-
Russian War. and In the Balkan trou-
bles AZ we'll.
Men who are in action must not
leave tho lines to attend TO the
wounded unless they arc lighting an
uncivilized nation and tho battle y
going against them. The Hospital
Corps alone IL expected to handle the
wounded. They arc also charged with
the duty OF looking after matters Of
sanitation ~ wsll.
A busy sst Of soldiers are these
brave boyu who - enligte1 - this
branch 81 the servieel
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-06-21
ia E>211~o,xv- LaEre7 Lx2775 H<zbG2 III
LeS x1HoI T<~2zcIZ~aea H==========-=.=

Corps are 8}wa5 ufh tha line. Each
regiment or ca Iart of regiment
acting irdspe' .T has lis own Hos
pitai CorrF o1q tH 'reSe men devolVe
Who task Of g8riuE Cor the wounded Of
ths part Il tEa army They have
nciH0ts or the exc ,ement ut ,be flght-
nE for there is sort of delightful
excitement In sending bullet into
the enemys line when he is trying
10 pump steel into yours. The Hos
pital Corps men advance with the line,
ever on The alert to drag wounded
man 10 safety.
Every soldier and officer in the army
now carries a little first ala package
and II not too Badly wounded he may
use this himself and be saved at least
from Infection untl} the Hospital Corps
men can reach him The first aid
package consists of an antiseptic att
sorbent gauze banaoge wrapped IN
oiled paper and herfn etically sealed
TWO safety pins are also enclosed. IT
can be opened by simply pulling the
ring attached to the box The whole
,hing weighs but three and one-h half
ounces. ana Is carried in "A pocket in
the uniform made especially for this
purpose, Each Of the Hospital Corps
men ara equipped with the regulation
Hospital Corps pouch. This contains
knife which has a eorkscrew at
taehed. wire spHnts. tourniquet for
limbs, absorbent cotton bandages and
aromatic spirits Of ammonia. A boio
Knife for cutting splnrs is also worn.
the sergeant carries In addition 10 these
artieleschluroform hypodernlc syringe
and e case II surgical Instruments.
Zach Wounded Man Tagged.
"A set Of tags Is also part of tho
equipment and GA these are written
Instructions as to the condition OF the
patient. Al the top there Is red
strip on which are the words ''Not
able 20 endure transportation" at the
bottorn is a. blue strip with the words.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-06-21

almost at impossl bN}ty While sitting
IA. an acFoplare. Such thing is. how
ever possible when flying in one Of
The flying boats Tor il necessary the
passenger may stand UP in these niers
AS all objects are over one hundred
feet from the machine what is known
as "a fxca focus camera can he used,
or better still. the camera can be set
for distance This. Of course. need
not be changed during the flight and
the operator has only the plates or
films 10 manage.
Pilates Preferable.
rlates are always preferable be-
cause they are sure to lay fat while
the hlm sometimes hulges and throws
the picture slightly out Of focus, This
50 mt always the case as The writer
has used films successfully both in
photosraphine from aeroplanes and
from balloons. but does not recon
mend them for this work as their
greatest merit Is lghtness IN weight
Going at tho rate Of sixty miles an
hour h Is necessary 10 use Il rapid
shutter and under most conditions
what is knowp as n'wtde open lens.
The rapid speed ~ the shutter. toe,
overcomes the pIbratioa II the motor
of the acroplane. Or course a tele-
photo lens !a prefers BILE and this type
Is being used hy the Navy operators
who are mt present doing service at
Vera Cruz
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1914-06-21
(" < - y & I7~- = = < =
The Heroic w ork Of the
Army Hospital Corps
How They Are Always
Under Fire During Bat
tie, Yet Never Return a
Shot Perfect System
of Handling Wounded
Soldiers.

~ ALL the men In the United
states Army who go 10 war the
H tF5it heroic are the Hospital
" Cor's--the men who are alva VS.
Ia me midst pt battle yet are non
cornhatants They mingIe with the
fighters and are IN just as mucn danger
as the men on The skirmish ling. for
they face tbs enemy witho4t returning
the fire. Theirs is the mission Of
mercy, 20 suecor the dying ard bind
up The wounds of the men who fall be-
fore the pitiless rain ~ shot and shell.
They rarely carry firearms Of any sort
unless fhey arc among savage races
or when IL is necessary 10 protect their
wounded. Under these circumstances
ensy are they issued arms
Enlist For This Purpose.
The men II the Hospital Corps en-
ist in this special branch Of the serv-
zee sria 60 through regular course
~ training lin fact. they go to school
Tor they reeite certain lessons and are
gwen marks, These studies consist OF
-tazsst AID tv-the injured, cooking for
he sick, sanitation. physiology. anat-
amy, hygiene, the diagnosis Of dis
Eases and injuries and treatment both
medical and surgical and the scientific
handling and transportation Of the
injured. They must be also competent
drivera. After Trey have become pro-
Geiept tn these things they are ready
s0r the front and La case Of war are
slre 10 zee active, service, for the
AsHssas Department and the Hospital
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-15
MISTAKE

A little boy was once overheard
saying to his pet rabbit:
How much is seven times seven?"
There being no response from the
rabbit, the boy said:
How much is four times four?"
Still there was no response.
Now I will give you an easy one.
How much is two times two?"
Still the rabbit refused to respond.
WELL" said the boy, 'T knew
father was fibbing when he said rab-
bits are the greatest multipliers in the
world"
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-15
SOME PUDDING

A young soldier, dining, ordered
some plum pudding. When it was
served he sat for some time looking
at it with an amused expression
Then he unbuckled his belt and un-
buckled his tunic. The waitress, who
had been watching him curiously,
now became alarmed, wondering
what his intentions were, and she
fastened to fetch the proprietor.
well, young man." said the latter
on his arrival, what are you up to-"
up to-" echoed the young sol
der. eff you would like to know,
I'm going to try to jump from one
plum to another in that pudding"
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-15
Misunderstood

She was plump widow with two
charming daughters. She had been
"relict" just year, and was begin
ming to wear her weeds lightly. All
the same, when the new curate called
upon her she sighed:
"Ah! I feel the loss Of my poor,
dear husband very much never
have any appetite for anything now
The curate was all sympathy, and
in the endeavor to cheer her by point
ing out what a comfort to her her
daughters must be, replied:
81 can quite understand that, but
you are solaced in"
"Si-r-rp interrupted the indignant
lady, "allow me to inform you that I
am not laced in at all
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1914-01-15
HE WAS SAFE

He WAS SAFE
zone of the characteristics of my
old Eomrade, Amos Stillman, was
bravery in actual fighting service"
said the old soldier. Another char
acteristic was a sense of humor
which stood him in good stead, even
in the face of danger, and contributed
not little to the gaiety of his coln-
rades.
cat the battle of Cold Harbor, just
before making the charge, and while
Under the Confederate fire, our cor
poral, who was over six feet high, and
scarcely bigger round than a gun
barrel, became excited as the enemy's
bullets ploughed up the earth about
him,
"'What kind Of a place is this to
keep a man in?' he demanded; alb
solutely without protection
HE had no more than spoken
when Private StiIlman stuck his ram
rod in the ground.
Here, corporal said he, get be-
hind this" -
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
On Brink of War

Austria Hungary is eager and ready to invade Servia and as the sending of his passports to the Servian minister is virtual declaration of war, hos tilities will begin probably within the next day or two. Servia had acceded to most of Austria's demands and nothing but an entire surrender on it's part could now avert war.
 While the war-like attitude of Austria Hungary has been precipi- tated by the assassination of the Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand, about two weeks ago, by a Servian student, Slavic propaganda against Austria has been in progress for sometime. The Serbs are as treacherous as they are proud and until they are defeated by Austria on the battlefield and completely subjugated the larger nation will never be safe from their plottings.
 Servian leaders have long dreamed of a Greater Servia-a merging of the small Slav states into an empire. The Slavs hate the Teutonic people, and especially has Servia felt ex- tremely hostile toward Austria Hun gary ever since the latter nation an- nexed Bosnia and Herzegovina.
 Austria is well governed and fairly prosperous country, while Ser via, like all the Balkan states, is back ward, turbulent and i'll governed. Civilization might be the gainer, therefore, if Servia were to become a protectorate of Austria Hungary.
 But the moment Austria starts war with Servia, Russia will take up the fight and aid it's little Slavic neighbor to the full extent of its military resources. Germany would join Austria. The German people are in frenzy for war. France and pos sibly England would be drawn into the conflict and then the bloodiest battles since our civil strife in the eos would appall the world.
 Europe has been long preparing for such war as this which is threat ened, but although it seems inevitable all peace-loving people will pray that some way out of it will yet be found.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
CHARLTON GIVES UP HOPE

Rome Correspondence to Philadelphia
 Ledger.
 As yet there is no talk of trying Por- ter Charlton, the American in prison at Como on the charge of killing his wife, and his optimism is beginning to give way. Those having access to him find that the confinement and heat are be- ginning to tell on him. During the cold months with warm clothing, good food and plenty of gymnastic exercises, he was always fit, while his study of Italian took his thoughts away from himself.
 Lately he has been listless, and says that it is too hot to exercise, and that his brain is too sluggish to learn; be- sides which, he eats very little except fruit, being tired of his monotonous bill of fare.
 With this decline in his health his spirits have gone down. He speaks lit- tie. and when he does he no longer as- serts that he is sure to be absolyed. The other day he said he was con- vinced that he was doomed to pass the rest of his life in prison.
 Even If I do not he added violently. "I shall carry about always with me the taint of this accursed jail Who will have anything to do with me?'
 He has made wonderful progress f, Italian. For some months he has beer reading Italian books exclusively-ro- mances, poetry, detective stories. But never one with story such as mine, '' he said one day.
 He occupies the same cell as he did in the beginning, overlooking the big court. Recently he tried to have if changed on the plea that it was now suf- locating; he also had the idea that through the windows of the cells look ing onto the street cheerful noises of all kinds would penetrate
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
Many Conventions

Now that Birmingham has ample hotel accommodation many conventions will be held here this fall, but the number will be far greater after this year." said mem- Der of the Chamber of Commerce.
 Several large bodies are virtually scheduled for eastern or western cities next year, but if an organized effort were made to bring them here in 1916, it would be successful. One of the most i'm portant conventions to be held this year IS the American Iron and Steel institute. which comes to Birmingham in October. 1t will be an advertisement to this dis trict of far reaching benefit
 T hope to be able to get in 1915 the Southern Hardware Jobbers and the Ma tional Hardware Manufacturers which all ways meet together; also the National Fertilizer association; also the interna. tional convention of Rotary clubs. These organizations have been invited, and if we do not get them all next year we should not fail to have them with us in 1916"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
From the churchman.

From the Churchman.
 How great is the change of attitude among the Chinese officials toward
 Christianity may be seen in the pro-
 posal made to the American board of
 missions to take over the direction of the government high school in Fen chow, together with some supervision of the government primary schools in the same district. The supporter of this proposal is the principal Magis- lFrate ofsFenchow. Mir. Shih, a graduate Tof the famous Waseda university in Japan. Recently this officer delivered an address in a Christian church at Fenchow on the Ultimate Religion His action is all the more notable be- cause the district under his supervision is altogether conservative in its ten dency. The first half of the magistrate' s address was devoted to explaining tho evolution of Christianity and the Pro-
 testant church. In the second section
 he showed by many illustrations the
 superiority of American morals over
 those of China, stating that therefore
 Confucianism could not hope to with
 stand Christianity as China developed.
 As a religion, Confucianism was fur
 thermore without hope, because Con
 fucius never claimed to be more than a good man and could not rightly be worshiped, as is Christ.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27

i, that money comes to him as a salary
 from the government. But Samuel An drew did it. He did it because he did not earn it. and was absent from his duties as q tribune of the people. as aforementioned, for four days. and those TOUT days pay he restored to the coffers l or Uncle Sam. Can you beat it?
 rms happened a long time ago, bu. We have just heard of it, or your atten. ton, dear public, would have long age been called to it. It so happened that when MT. Witherspoon was running for Congress the first time he took particular pains to impress the people that when man came to Congress he should work at the job. He promised the "peepul' that if he was elected that was just what he intended to do. He criticized mem- bers who neglected their duties, and de- clared that they ought not to take the ''peepuls money for the time they lost So it happened that right in the very beginning he lost four days, and when the S0-odd dollars for these four days were given him by generous sergeant-at-arms did he take it? Not so as you could tell it. It is recorded that said sergeant-at- arms picked out a nice, clean place in the cashiers room and threw d few fits immediately after this unheard of and un- precedented occurrence, but that did not move MT. Witherspoon. No sir. He stood true to his promises to the "pepul.''
 So, it must cost MT. Witherspoon S20 a day for him to be away from the cap-l
 tol under any circumstances, because ac- cording to precedent the Witherspoon con science will not permit him to accept his pay when absent, then you are reasonably certain to see him. He is always here, too, for it is not recorded that during his entire service here this ever happened but the one time. So naturally MT. With erspoon has lost but four days all during his service in the House. Some record.
 We congratulate MT. Witherspon, also the people of the Fifth district of Misss- sippi, for this distinction which has come to them and him. They all say these things before they are elected, it remained for the Hon. Samuel Andrew to put it over" As we have before observed long may be wave.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27

sciences relating to these specific in dustries" After speaking of the far reaching benefit of the technical edu- cation. Dr. Thach says that another good derived from technical institu. tions is 'the utter destruction of the old time folly that disparaged manual labor as badge of slavery" Today thousands of "gentle born youths throughout the south graduate from technical colleges and put their hand manfully to any honest work whereby a livelihood may be gained"
 In recent years Auburn has turned out hundreds of engineers, mineralog- ists and chemists, and large per centage of them have developed into highly efficient men in their respective professions; but no greater work has been done by the Alabama Polytechnic institute than that of applying science to agriculture. There are many first class agricultural colleges, but none in the south can be compared with Auburn. The largely increased pro- duction of cotton and corn to the acre is the result of science united with the industry of the farmer; and agri- cultural chemistry and other sciences of practical benefit to the farmer are taught with such thoroughness as to insure ready achievement.
 Every farmer who has a son to edu cate and every boy of ambition raised on a farm should read Dr. Thach's address. Few papers dealing with educational matters have made stronger appeal than Dr. Thach's ar ticle, and it should be embodied in the institutes catalog and bound in per manent form.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
WHEN IS A BRITISH sUBJECTs

From the New York Times.
 The attitude of the Canadian immi-
 grafton authorities and the Vancouver municipal police toward the Hindu pas sengers seeking to land from the Roma
 gata Maru is likely to embarrass the British government on point and at a time swelling with potential forces or revolt. These Hindus. who proclaim themselves to be British subjects, wish to change their abode from one part of the British empire to another They are prevented from so doing by the gov ernment of the Dominion of Canada which, according to the North American act of 1867, can make and enforce It's own immigration laws, As these Jaws concern aliens it is clear that they cannot be made legally operative against
 British subjects, whether these subjects were born in India, Africa or Australia. l Some years ago the mining interests 1 in South Africa sought for and obtained
 thousands of laborers from British India. When these laborers arrived they found that the laws of the union or Soutn
 Africa did not permit them to enjoy the
 same amount of liberty as they had en- joyed in India. Just now an imperial commission is attempting to arrange mat
 ters. Meanwhile. these laborers, backed
 up by their religious and political socie- ties in India. are trying to find out just l what is meant by the term British sub- ject" In India they had been taught I to believe that it carried with it a cer- tain status of citizenship which placed them under the laws of the empire in whatever part of the empire they might be. They found that this worked all right | in England, but not in South Africa
 They now find that it does not work al
 all in the Dominion of Canada.
 1 Of course, it is a serious matter foi either the union of South Africa or Can ada, but it is a far more serious matter for the empire. British authority in India has been built up on the idea of lequality among British subjects How can a Hindu, how can any one, be made
The Birmingham age-herald., 1914-07-27
WITHERSPOON OF MISSISSIPPI
By BILL VINES

V7 AsHINGToN, July 26.-(special) ~/ Be il known, gentle reader. W should you ever come to Wash ington. which you will probably do. if you can, and at any rate you will always entertain hopes of so doing: any way, if you should ever come to Washington and it should so happen that said date of your coming is not too far removed from the present. you can absolutely rely upon seeing one distinguished statesman, If perchance you should also pay a visit to the House of Representative.
 You will find. we confidently state, gen. tie reader, in the strictest confidence, the Hon. Samuel Andrew Witherspoon of Me ridian, Miss, on the job. You will recog- nize the Hon. Samuel Andrew, we can also inform you, if perhaps there is no one round to point him out. by the long and extremely decorative bunch of alfalfa which adorns the Witherspoon cast of countenance.
 We have stated at the outset. gentle reader, with much firmness that Mir Witherspon will be here If he is not on the floor of the House, you may be as- sured that he vii be somewhere round in the offing, and within hailing distance. We speak thus confidently not without reason. We feel sure of our ground be- fore we commit ourselves to this flat and final statement, and know in advance that you will have no ground to reproach us for making a misleading statement. Take our word for it. and you can't go wrong.
 The reason we feel so certain of the facts we have above narrated, purely for your information, is that 1t so happens that MT. Witherspoon, the hero of this narratiye-and long may he wave-is dis tinguished not only as an able and sin eere tribune of the people of the Fifth district of Mississippi, but he also is dis tinguished for the fact that he is the only representative in Congress, either now or in the past, who has actually re- fused real money when offered him by the government. Moreover, this money was rendered the said Samuel Andrew as pay for his services in the House of Rep resentatives. It takes a man of courage to turn down real money, especially when