davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14

It is a great mistake to put off
working roads until August or Sep
TENDER, according to road experts of
the United States Department of Ag-
riculture. The roads should be worked
when the soil is damp so as to make
the soil bake when it dries out. Ii
the roads are worked when they are
dry, il takes more power to draw the
machine and besides dry earth and
dust retain moisture and quickly rut
after rains. The use Of clods, sods,
weeds or vegetable matter in building
earth roads should be avoided because
they also retain moisture.
IL the working or the roads is de-
ferred until the latter part of the
summer when the surface is baked dry
and hard, they are not only difficult
TO work, but the work is unsatisfactory
when done. Earth which is loose and
dry will remain dusty so long as the
dry weather lasts, and then turn to
mud as the rains begin. By using the
road machine in the spring while the
soil is soft and damp, the surface is
more easily shaped and soon packs
down into a dry hard crust which is
less liable to become dusty in summer
and muddy in winter.
Repairs to roads should be made
when needed and not once year after
crops are laid by Because of its sim
plioitv. efficiency, and cheapness, the
split-log drag or some similar device
Is destined to come into more and
more general use. With the drag PROB
erly built and its use well understood,
the maintenance of earth and gravel
roads become simple and inexpensive
matter. Care should be taken to maize
the log so light that one man can lift
n With ease, az hoht draV can he
drawn by two medium-sized horses
and responds more readily to various
methods of hitching and the shifting
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14
Making the Boy a Partner

The wise farmer who has one or
more growing boys realizes the value
of making the boy on the farm a part
ner in the bushes of the farm He
realizes how necessary it is to have
the boy develop an interest in farm
ing.
We have been especially pleased in
reading the letters from our little boy
friends to note the large number of
them who refer to their own property.
This indicates to us that their fathers
are working along right lines. A boy
likes to have something that no cen
call his own.
Some farmers make the mistake of
letting the boys own certain property
until the time comes for dispOSing
of it. A better way is TO give the boy
less, if necessary, and let him under
stand that it is his property and that
when it goes TO market he shall have
the proceeds. Selling a boys calf or
hog and then using the money for
other purposes is too much like the
man who sold his wife's turkeys and
bought some material with which she
was expected TO make him his years
supply of shirts.
To- get best results i'm dealing with
the boy it is essential to start in early.
AS soon as the boy is old enough to
appreciate the value of propertv and
what it will bring he should be made
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14
FOREST NOTES.

The war department is reforestinp
a large area near Fort Bayard, New
Mexico, for use as an army hospital
site.
The light house reservations on the
great lakes are able to grow all the
white cedar needed for spar buoys in
their district. M
The Kaibab and the Coconir'f ma
tional forests adjoin each other. Yet
it takes from two to three days to go
from one to the other across the
Grand Canyon of the Colorado.
There are several bands of the
Persian fat-tailed sheep on the ma
tional forests of southern Utah. The
large fat tail sometimes weighs as
much as forty pounds, and,slike the
hump on the camel, is a reserve ydpply
of nourishment when food is lacking.
DR.. b. Z. Fernow, dean of the forest
school of the university of Toronto,
and Bristow Adams, of the u. S. for
est service, have just been elected
president and secretary, respectively
of the society of American foresters,
the only organization of professional
foresters in the western hemisphere.
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14

TO feel that ne has an interest ill., lhe
farming operations. Some kindly a
definite business agreement shl S1 be
entered into and the father should be
the last one to break such an agree
ment. The percentage that is to go
to the boy need not be large. AS a
rule he is not eXacting in his business
deals and it is no hardship at all for
the father to set aside a certain per-
centage of the profits for the boy.
IN fact it is money well invested and
in the majority of cases the boy will
take enough more interest ~ the work
TO more than make up for this added
expense, if we may so term it.
Too many fathers attempt to get
out of the boy in the seven or eight
years preceding his maturity, enough
service to recOmpense them for the
job of raising him. This is a gra
mistake. They would do better to car
culate that in raising him they are
only paying an obligation which was
incurred by their own bringing up.
The boys future is too serious a pro-
position to be fooled with in this way.
In making the boy a partner you
are not only doing a great service to
him but the time will surely come
when he can do great service to you
IN one way or another.
Give the boy a chance. Give him
an opportunity to like the farm.
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14
Agricultural Education
By Prof. NJ. E. buckles, Elk Rapids, Mich.

always be fed during the winter
months while the cows have no green
pasture
The principal value of succulent
foods is in their palatability. They
serve not only to make the whole ra-
ton more palatable, but more digesti-
bic in the bargain To the succulent
class belong carrots, cabbages, pOta-
toes, pumpkins, rutabagas, apples and
the like They should be fed alOng
with the dry foods, for the same rea-
son that we enjoy pickles or sauce OF
some kind with our meals. The more
food of the right kind that you can
get a dairy COW to eat and digest
properly, the more milk and butter fat
she should yield in return
In addition to having good food the
COW should be kept clean and comfort
able, and have plenty Of fresh air and
water. During cold weather the wa
ter should be tempered sufficiently 70
take off the chill. If the COW is forced
to drink ice-cold water she will not
drink so much of it and some of the
energy Of her body will be used up in
warming the water before it enters
into her milk. Every attention that
will save her bodily energy, such as
warm stable, soft bedding, and TEN
pered water, will add to her milk pro
duction during the winter months.
1t should be remembered that any
sudden change nearly always effects
the milk flow Of the best cows. A good
producer is as a rule a very sensitive
animal. A change of quarters, OF
food, or of care-taker and mixer. us
ually results in temporarily checking
the mix flow. Even a change in the
time of milking may have the same ef-
feet.
Equal in Importance to the breed
and the food ration is the care-taker.
He should be kind and sympathetic in
his treatment of the cow. He should
understand her general condition at a
glance as soon as he enters the barn.
Out of a head of a dozen cows he
should be able to tell intuitivelv
whether any one of them is ''oft feed,
or is in any way in need of special at
tention. He should learn to speak
gently and act quietly among them, so
as not TO arouse their fear. A harsh
voiced, rough mixer seldom gets as
much milk or as good milk as one
who is quiet and gentle.
AS to the points that indicate good
dairy cow they may he stated briefly.
In general she should not be too fat;
she should he marked bv a slender
neck, thin long tail, small legs and
feet, and fine coat of hair, her body
should he wedge-shaped. tapering
slightly from back to front; and she
should show large milk veins and I'D
der. well-formed teats, and good di-
gestive capacitv. Supporting these
characteristics there should be about
the head and ewes a look of fineness
and deIicacy not to be found in the
beef types.
Dairy farming, when done right, is
about as profitable as any. Indeed, it
is claimed by many to be the most
profitable of all. Something of course
depends upon location and the nature
of the country, but everything consid-
cred, hardly too much can be said in
favor Of it. The wealth of the Jersey
and the GUERNSEY islands, Of Belgium,
Holland and Switzerland depends very
largely on the dairy cow.
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14

A real sheep story was lately
brought to the Sand Farmers notice:
A farmer living in Oklahoma some
eighteen years ago, gave to his baby
daughter one eve lamb, and for the
last eighteen years has conscientiously
placed to her credit in a bank. ali
money received from the wool and in
crease sold from this lamb, with the
result that this girl of eighteen now
has " beautiful sheep, and a little
over 81 500 in the bank. The feed
cost her nothing, as there was plenty
of range on the ranch, but we shall be
glad to have our readers figure out
how much she will have in the bank at
the same proportionate increase, by
the time she is twenty-one.
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14

"There's a COW on the mountain,
The old saying goes;
On her legs are four feet;
On her feet are eight toes
Her tail is behind
On the end of her back;
And her head is in front
On the end Of her neck
A very mechanical sort of COW!
That rhyme is said to have been COM
posed by a Chinaman. Could he, have
been referring Go a Jersey or a HOl-
stein? What incongruity III the idea -?
To the up-tO-date farmer a COW is
no longer just a cow with a tail be-
hind her back and a head in front on
the end of her neck; she belongs TO
some particular class or breed and
possesses a hundred or more fine
characteristics that distinguish her
individually from other cows. He sees
in her what the artist sees in the land
scape with it's lights and shadows
and its mingling Of myriad cOlOrs. To
the artist the landscape has beauti-
full individuality which it does not have
to the ordinary observer, and the far
mer should have the same sense with
regard to the cow.
Animal husbandry is a very imp0r-
tant part of agricultural education,
and since we are all agreed nowadays
that every farmer should be q stock
raiser for the sake of his soil, the fer
tility or which can hardly be main
tanned without barnyard manure, we
should be able to choose animals that
are worth the trouble of the care they
must have to make them pay as big
a profit as possible. No farmer can
afford to pay his cows each ten or fiji
teen dollars a year for the privilege
of feeding and milking them. Yet
some are doing that'very thing year
after year; and it is only because they
have never taken time to figure up the
actual condition of their business.
A good dairy cow should pay for
herself and her keep in two years at
least. She will do that if she gives
over 800 pounds of butter fat, and
milk in proportion. If she gives less
than $50 pounds Of butter fat she had
better be disposed of as quickly as
possible, or at that rate her owner is
paying her board for nothing.
A sO-called "scrub" cow may be
made to yield prOftably if careful at
tention is given to the character of her
food ration. Foods are divided into two
general classes, proteids and carbohy-
drates. The proteids are the nitrogen
foods, the muscle builders and curd
producers; the carbohydrates are the
fats chiefly. including the sugars and
starches. The proteids are more ex-
pensive than the carbohydrates, yet
they are as necessary as the latter in
the production of milk. A good dairy
ration should be composed of one part
of protein to six or seven of carbohy-
drate.
Among the protein foods are bran,
cotton-seed meal, oil-meal, clover, al
falfa, peas, carrots and vetch. Most
of the whole grains, corn in particular,
belong to the carbohydrate class. A
good dairy ration may be made Of corn
silage and alfalfa or clover hay,
though it might be improved by the
addition of a little cotton-seed meal,
or one of the other protein foods men
toned above. In the absence of good
corn silage some succulent food should
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14

The value Of the grape to South.
western Michigan has in most i'm
stances been greatly underestimated
LawtOu, the pioneer grape district, has
raised grapes IA q small commercial
way for about forty years, but not
until within the last twenty years has
it attained any great noticeable inn
pOrtance. From a few hundred has
kets shipped TO Chicago by Messrs
Spicer and Jones, the culture has adj
vanced in this vicinity in great strides
to the bumper crop of 1911 when 1900
car loads were seeking market in ev-
cry corner of the United States.
Bumper crops as q usual thing, are
not financial success to the grower
and this one Of 1911 was no exception
but at $3.50 yer car the sum tips the
scales at an even million and in such a
season as this the grape is at least 90
per cent labor, packages, and every
thing considered.
This sum, Of over six hundred thou
sand dollars, scattered amongst the la
boring classes of three townships, to-
gether with that retained b. the grow
er, is bound to be felt IN every avenue
Of trade.
! cannot emphasize too strongly the
great benefits that community derive
from the grape culture. In the
spring, just when the pockets of the
working class are emptied 10y the bills
for food and fuel, comes the tieing
season, and thousands OF dollars are
paid to women and to boys and girls
during Che spring school vacation.
And again, in the fall, during the
harvesting everybody works in the
grapes. Public sentiment says it is no
disgrace to work in fruit. The proud
work for their health, the poor for
their wealth and the children for their
school money.
In 1911 / paid out for picking and
packing alone over $1,000 What must
have been the price paid by the whole
grape section?
OF course, the grape industry has
its failures, its insists and its knock
ers. But, every branch Of business has
it's same class Of "nO-gOOds."
I am aware that on the map Of the
Horticultural Society of Michigan the
grape is marked as flag station on a
tri-weekly railroad, but this is not cor
rect. We are real station with wait
ing rooms for men of push and brains
TO put into the business. They will
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14
NJ. ID. Buskirk. Paw Paw

find as many stars in the horizon Of
the future as in any other branch OF
Michigan fruit growing.
The many uses to which the grape
is adapted, makes a market for every
grade.
The rapidly growing popularity OF
untcrmented grape juice all over the
world and the millions of dollars being
put into this branch OF business by
such eminent financial firms as Ar
mOur, Cuddahay, Smith, Welch and
others, adds to its stability for the fu-
ture far beyond the peach and apple.
It is true that the grape does not
throw such dazzling profits per acre
as does the peach and apple on special
occasions, but it is a much stcadier
cropper. If set on GRAPE land and
properly cared for there are but few
failures, such as are experienced by
other classes of fruit.
The grape growers of Southwestern
Michigan have many problems yet to
solve and marketing conditions are yet
far from being right. The associations
that form the principal avenues
through which the grapes are handled,
instead Of cooperating, are watching
each other like so many wild cats look
ing for an unguarded moment when
they can jump and get the strangle
holt on a competitor.
The growers must learn to manage
the manager instead of letting the
manager manage them TO his benefit
and their detriment.
There is a growing tendency to-
wards better care and better packing
and these are hopeful signs.
The grape like the apple must be
well worked and thoroughly and intel
ligently sprayed or you need not look
for results.
The time has passed when profitable
crops can be raised with the old slip
shod methods.
In conclusion, / wish to say that the
success of the grape business is up to
the individual himself. If he has chOs
en- his location wisely so as to elimin-
ate to it's lowest possible per cent the
greatest enemy, namely spring frost.
and ne is willing to put the energy,
thought and gumption in the business
that he would expect TO put in a mer
camille establishment his reward will
be perfectly satisfactory with better
health, freer life and happier home.
Charlevoix county herald., 1914-02-14
Spring The Proper
Time to Work F.

position Of the operator than a heavier
one. The best material for the drag is
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09
JUST CHANGING REELS.

1t Is hardly correct to say that a
new war is making up il Mexico. The
drama of revolution in that heset land
goes on without serious pause. Rulers
and governments change, but the mi
nority, under arms. Is always in the
woods. hoping to become the MAORI
y. There Is no need for continuing
preparations for war" said Gen villa
10 the newspaper men who interview
cd him on the situation. there is no
need for continuing preparations for
war, hecaus virtually all prepara-
items arc complete" The operator Is
only changing reels,
Ii is pretty well understood, says
the Mexican correspondent OF the
New York World. that the coming
conference between representa-.
tives of the 'wo rival ehiettaina. Car,
rama and villa. will end in a rupture.
All circles here he says. feel Ger.
tain the outcome will be a violent dis
agreement. followed BY a breaking
up OF the conference and the com
n encement of hostihties"
If says the Mexican correspond
ent of the New York sun. Carranza' S
representatives do not yield to his
supulations. villa is prepared to send
bis men southwark against Carranza
| in few hours after negotiations
spoken OF"
John r. Stillman. who is president
Wilson's representative with Carran
"a. stated az New Orleans the other
day. when he was Just hack from
Mexico, that things ere coming on
well in that country He believes
there will be early reeognition Of
The Carganxa government. and hs
feels quite sure that Villa and III,
FIRST chief could make and impos,
lasting peace in Mexico which is
sorcly needed All these things he
goes to lay before the president, and
We SHAH be told in q day or SO that
satisfactory news has been received
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09
Is HE ;. WAR LORD2

Russian papers it is said, ascTibe to
the German EMPEROR the recent &C.
tivites of his armies in the eastern
area OF the Wa, and they point out
how his nervous. restless individual.
ity has been reflected in all German
operations since the beginning of the
war" They make this point In spirit
of depreciation. holding that the war
has lacked continuity and has wit
messed sudden shifting of the cen.
ter o. gravity from one front to an
other" They think the kaiser has
too many irons in the fire The last is
true enough. of course. Germany has
three great and three small powers
hanging upon her flauks in Europe
while another great power is strik-
ing at her in the Far East That is
more irons than even Emperor vii.
liam has any need or wish for But il.
Is certain enough that having all these
irons heating the kaiser will see that
they get FIRE enough, to make them
not If the German campaigns have
been fought under the inspiration OF
the kaiser. then is he truly the war
lord his enemies have accused him.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09

IN time of peace with being. If the
German emperor can. Ivy confusing
and misleading his generals. bring
about the military achievements the
German armies have won, the Rus
SLAMS had better build a blaze under
The car and make him shuttle his
troopers about considerably. If the
kaiser is responsible for the grand
strategy upon which the German ar
mics are operating he has shown
himself to be a war lord in very truth.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09
A Marvellous Escape.

Ny little boy had a marvellous e.
cape writes P. F. Bastiams, Of
Prince Albert, Cape of Good Hope. ct
occurred in the middle of the night.
He got very severe attack of Group.
AS luck would have it, had a large
bottle of Chamberlain's Cough Rem
coy in the house. After following the
directions for an hour and twenty
minutes he was through all danger.
Sold by all dealers.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09
Hopeless Lung Trouble Cured.

Many recoyeries from Lung Trou
bIes are due to DR.. Bells Pine-Tar.
Honey. 1t strengthens the Lungs,
checks the Cough and gives relief at
once.-Mr. w. S. Wilkins, Gates. y.
C., writes: 81 used DR.. Bells Pine
Tar-Honey in a case given up as hope
less and it effected a complete cure"
Get a bottle of DR.. Bells Pine-Tar.
Honey if your cough is dry and hack.
ing let it trickle down the throat, you
will surely ct relief Only 25c at your
Druggist.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09
SOUTH AMERICAN TRADE
RELATIONS,

The following is from the Industri
al Index, of Columbus, and is most in,
te-es;ing, especially to Brunswick
which as a seaport hopes to broaden
ITS trade with al .. tie countries TO
the south Of us:
The war has unified the western
hemisphere and the United States is
dependent upon all the Countries OF
Latin-Amcrica as they are upon her.
, he greatest problem Of the United
states is not TO obtain peace but TO
Use to the situation and be the Liz
brother OF those countries and not
tam the door OF selfish interest in
their faces.-
This and other interesting declar-
atoms regarding trade regulations be
tween this country and Latin America
were made in an address b. John
barrett, the distinguished director
general u the Pan-Amcrican Uliop.
before Georgia manufacturers gather
cd at Macon, Ga, whore they formed
IN organization, The subject being
one Of special Importance 70 manufac-
iurera Of this part Of the country.
Mr.. Barrett stated that the opportu
pHy of the South aud of the whole
country is not 80 much of selling
great quantities OF goods to those
aforementioned countries, but TO give
them credit and money to trade with
us and with which 10 meet their obl-
cations as any bank would IFS clients
IL this country. If tpe United States
pursues this plan he" people will gain
: position OF competition with Europe
IN the twenty-one countries to the
south.
In comparison with the busi2ess
done in the United States Mr. Barrett
stated that last year the twenty.one
counries of Latin-America bought and
scld with European countries goods
to $4,000, 000. 900, and that
was an increase of $t,00O.O0O,0OO in
the last ten years.
Contrary to prevailing ideas that
some manufacturers have in this
country, according to Mr.. Barrett, the
United states is doing a big business
IN the Latin American countries, and
up TO the hour of war was declared in
Europe was building up trade in
those countries faster than any other
nation in the world Also the United
states had a bigger trade with those
countries last year than any nation in
the world
Business Is obtained in those coun-
tries on Che same lines as it Is within
the boundaries Of the United States,
said Mr.. Barrett, and just as a rep
resentative would be sent from one
state to another in this country to oh.
tain business 80 should the manufac,
iugers send their men to Latin-Amer-
lea
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09

Elsewhere in The News this morn.
ing will be found a letter from Mr.. I.
a Glidden, a Well known citizen of
Detroit. who has recently invested in
some farm lanas in Gynn equity II
Mr. Gliddens letter does not bring a
blush to the cheek of the Brunswick
knocker. then his is an alligator hide,
Surely Brunswick should DO away
With the hammer.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09

viii Wilson be nominated again.
asks an exchange. Certainly he will,
as he should be He is the leader of
his party and he has lead it as gal
lantI. and as intelligently as any of
The great leaders of the past have
done. He will be renominated with
out opposition and there is every rea-
son TO believe that lie will be reflect
ed.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1914-10-09

The News notes with considerable
interest that ] II. Neyin for many
years CONNECTED with the press Of the
state in different cities and journal
Isl Of ability has been made manag.
ing editor of the Atlanta Georgian In
addition to his other qualifications
and they ere manifold Mr.. Neyin is
southerner, to the manor born. and
Is therefore fited for tho service to
which he has been called