Omaha daily bee., 1914-03-01

rvaileys are being considered with a view
TO the extension OF their farms.
As II Is now all OF these valleys are
producing. We took on cargo at every
port on our way down the coast, and at
each barge loads OF ri1e, sugar or cotton
were brought out to the steamer. A.
one place We loaded a large drove OF cat
tie. at another about fifty hogs and at a
third they transferred some tons OF rice
TO the hold OF the steamer.
This desert region contains the bulk OF
the white population of Peru. The ooun-
try has altogether very close to 5000. 900
inhabitants. The average density q
about seven to the square mile. The
great bulk OF the people are Indians. of
whom morc than 100000 live on the high
plateaus Of the Andes. The Amazonian
region is populated almost entirely by
Indians. About one-fourth of the in-
habltants are Cholos, or half-breeds. a
cross between the Indians and the whites
and there are altogether perhaps less
than 100000 who are of pure Caucasian
descent.
Live In the Towns.
great part of the coast population
lives In the cities and towns. Lama and
Callao have together perhaps 200,
Arequipa, the chief city of the south, has
about 5000. and there are several cities
of 1b,OOo and upward in the small river
valleys On my way here 1 stopped al
Palta. Its population Is put down at 6,O0o
but It seemed to me that one-half that
number would be a generous estimate
The next port was Eten. said to contain
la.OOO. and still further south was Pacas.
mayo and Salaverry, each containing
5000 or more Salaverry IN tho port fol
Trujillo. the old town founded to Pizarrc
In honor OF his native town. 1t CON
tains about 10000 I was not able to visii
II. owing to our short stay, although Il
hes only ten miles inland. II is said K
be q beautiful place and to be sur.
rounded by a very rich country.
Pacasmayo looks like a little city OF
Arabia 1t IL made up OF low. whit,
buildings. with flat roofs. II lies right
on the shore with desert mountains be
hind It; and II has a steel pier which wal
built by the American civil engineer ant
speculator. Henry Meiggs. when he wal
constructing railroads up and down tn.
west coast. The town Is paved with cob
blestones. and II seems 10 be prosperous
II has a little railroad which runs bacI
into q valley, through which II Is said 4
might connect with an easy pass over th'
Andes.
Houses All One story.
salayerry is not unlike Pacasmayo. tn,
houses are all OF one story, built o.
stucco and painted all the colors OF tn,
rainbow. The roofs are flat There ar,
but few windows facing the street, ant
those which 30 face are covered Will
iron grating or bars.
cailao. the chief port Of Peru. IL III.
only live. up-to-date town along tn,
coast. 1t has a population Of abou
1000, and II is 30 close to Lima. will
its 10000 or 10000, that the two may b,
practically considered as one. There 4
an electric street car line connecting tn,
two cities, and one can go from one 4
the other In fifteen minutes at a cost o
10 cents.
The harbor OF callao consists Of q Ereai
bay so guarded by rocky islands that I
basin the shape OF a half moon Is en-
closed. IT. IL now planned to Join IN.
Islands with the mainland 30 as 20 add
more land to the port. A part OF tn,
harbor iA further protected by a ston.
mOies anu theIo ~ = large oOck AT Wnicf
steamers and sailing vessels can lie a
anchor discharEing their eargoes.
CaIIRO Busy Place.
The port OF Callao is one OF the busies
OF the western Pacific. over 900 vesselI
cleared there last year and the traffic viii
greatly increase from now on. Th'
Peruvian government has plans for tn
Improvement Of the harbor and Il viii adj
TO the docks. which are now 500 fee
long. When the islands have been JoineS
together there will be a solid mole o.
pier running out to them and vessels o
any size can tie up at the wharves. Afte
the canal Is completed the character u
the vessels will change. They win b
larger and better and many will ny tn
American flag. a. present the most o