The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1914-06-09

49, AN@&t III u %Ntf1n Amen
can Review who claims "a recall dis
tinctis "a conversation NJ had with MIR
Hay upon tbs subject IN Iec
quote MIR. Johnsop< words IL.
says.
II asked Col Hay plumply II tic
treaty meant h < appeared 10
mean on ITS face. and whether the
phrase vessels II all nations aas an
tended 10 include oar own shipping
or was II To- be interpreted ne meaning
all other nations. The Secretary
smiled. half ~inCulseniiy. half quizi-
oally. as he replied
"Alf means all. The treaty Was
not 50 long that We could not have
made room for the word other IL
We had understood that il belonged
there. All nations means all natlous
and the United States certainly is a
nation"
That was the understanding he
tween yourself and Lord Paunc.fcte
when you and he made the treaty =
| pursued.
1T certainly was. ne replied Ii
was the understanding Of both gov
ernments. and | nave No doubt that
the Senate realized that in ratifying
the second reaty without such an
amendment it was committing us 10
the principle Of giving all friendly ma
tons equal privileges in the canal with
ourselves. This IS our golden rul.
Who Will Get Benefits.
Let me devote a few minutes To
the question as to who VIII get the
benefit of the remission Of these tolls
and its effect upon tranScontinental
railroad rates. OF course Il ~ clear
that exemption from tolls of coast
wise vessels viii take that much
one out Of the treasury which the
people Will have 10 make good. but
L will no -
get this money back VIII the ship
owners appropriate ii All To them
selves or viii they give II all TO the
shipper or TO the consumer. or Will
they divide il up between themselves
and the shipper and the consumer?
VIII it tend to the reduction of trans
continental railroad rates. as was Suc-
geSted at the time the canal act was
passed. or will il result simply in
the tranScontinental railroads hope
leSSly losing this trade to the new
water route and reCouping their
losses by such as the Interstate Com
merce Commission may allow under
the circumstances upon rates 10 n
terror points?
From our experience with special
privileges We may fairly assume That
in this case. as in other cases. the
what the owners of the boats are
absolutely compelled TO allow him.
and at whatever the consumer gets
; will first have to filter through the
hands OF the boat owner, the strong
probability is that he viii get about
1 the same share of this subsidy as The
{. tariff-taxed articles get
from a prChibitive tariff.
g =
u Regard For Others.
( Mr.. President, Great Britain and
the other commercial nations IF Eu
L q
the countries of South and Contra.
|, America to the south of us-heliev.
that the act of 1872 reServing spe-
cha treatment to our c~oastWlSe yes
( sells through the canal discriminate:
!. against their vessels trading in com
g petition with them in the various
. ports of our two coasts and there
!. fore the treaty.
The President of the United States
responsible under the Constitution fo
- the conduct of our foreign relations
has declared in Il solemn message =
= Congress his maturely formed opin
Il ion that the discrimination in tn
act violate our treaty promises. Tn
Secretary of State-equal TO an q
his predecessors in that great flee
= who acts for the President in all mat
terS pertaining to our foreign rela
: tons. is understood to agree Wit
:; him in the opinion expressed in HI
message Inc exact per cent OF IN
* division no one knows. but all vi
"a admit that q large portion Of ou
~ own people also believe that this &c
~ violates our treaty obligations.
~ If we had the undisputed right I
- COnStrue the treaty as our own in
" tereStS may suggest, without reear
:, to the construction Of others inter
= eSted in il. either, --cOntraCtually .
- otherwise. in the light Of this divIs
ion of opinion among our own PeopI
to say nothing about the adyer~
" attitude of the World-can VT II
i, ford to pursue ii course which IN
- President, who has Been chosen =
the people to represent our govern
- ment in its foreign relations. in u
N official utterance declares is in cor
- traventiOn Of q contract We hav
. made with a friendly nation. and j
!, the performance Of which all mar
-. time nations Of the world are intei
" cSted3 Is il not. in these condition