davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12
B. 0. JOHNSON TO MANAGE
NEW NORTHERN PACIFIC LINE

The many friends of Div. Supt. B.
0. Johnson in Dickinson will be great
ly interested in the following from
the Miles City Independent:
B. O. johnson of Livingston, SUPER
intendent of the Montana division of
the Northern Pacific, is to be the new
manager of the "mysterious" Gilmore
& Pittsburgh railroad, running from
Armstead, Montana, into the Saw
tooth mountain and Salmon river
country of northeastern Idaho, ac-
cording to J. M. Rapelje, general
manager of the Northern Pacific from
st. Paul to Paradise, Mont, who
passed through Billings on his return
east, after making the trip west tc
Butte with President J. M. Hanna
ford's party.
Although Mr.. Rapelje, like Mr..
Hannaford, was reticent as to the ul-
innate purpose of the Northern Pa
cific in taking over the Gilmore {.
Pittsburgh, he confirmed the recent
purchase.
The fact that an official Of such
standing and recognized efficiency as
Mr.. Johnson is to manage the Gil
more & Pittsburgh, portends that it's
acquisition by the Northern Pacific
is fraught with far greater signif-
canoe to the territory served by the
Northern Pacific than has been openly
admitted by the taciturn heads. Mr..
Johnson is one Of the most popular
officials on the Northern Pacific sys-
TEN,
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12
TO OIL STREETS
IN DICKINSON

The past year has seen the streets
OF Dickinson greatly improved.
Many culverts have been remodled
and put in shape to stand for many
years and the roads in several blocks
in the business district have been
rounded off in good shape to the curb
line. improvements amounting to
some $4,000 have also been made at
the water works plant, and still the
city is within the appropriation al
lowed for this kind Of work. In fact,
the street and alley committee have
a little to their credit.
According to present plans Mayor
White will give the city about 20
blocks Of oiled streets in 1915, maxi
ing them both dustless and mudless.
Fargo and Oakes have made test of
oiled streets and find it very success
ful and not SO very expensive. Many
cities in the Middle West are trying
this method for handling dust and
mud and say that it is the only way.
The city council has authorized
Mayor White and the street and alley
committee, consisting Of Aldermen B.
H. Crawford, S. w. Bailey and Max
Beres, to investigate the matter, and
it seems practically settled that the
city will adopt the new method, pro-
viding the cost does not exceed the
figures which the mayor has already
secured.
The oil under consideration is
known as the Standard Asphalt Road
Oil. This comes in different grades,
depending upon the per centage of
|asphaltum used in the mixture. One
half gallon Of the oil will cover a
square yard Of road. Two coatings
are needed the first year and only
one yearly thereafter is required to
keep the road in first class shape.
Often times an oiling will last much
longer. The cost of the oil is six
cents a gallon or approximately $50
a block.
The present plan is to oil about 20
blocks to start with, extending the
lines the second year. The cost will
be in the neighborhood of $1,700 for
the first application and $500 for the
second.
This is not large sum when it is
taken into account that it costs about
5000 annually to sprinkle the streets,
an expense that would be eliminated
with oiled streets. Another large
saving for oiled streets is the expense
of dragging after every rain. Oiling
makes streets firm and compact and
turns the water into the cutters.
Dickinson has tax levy of 100000,
against 100000 in Bismarck, $4,000
in Valley City and $48,O00 in James
town. Hence it will be seen that our
expenses are much less than those in
cities of similar size
The reader should understand that
it is proposed to give Dickinson oiled
streets without raising the annual
appropriation.
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12
TOWN OF K|LDEER
GETS NATIONAL

The new town of Kildeer, the ters
minal point of the Western Dakota
Ry. in Dunn county, is soon to have
a national bank. At least applica-
tion has been made to the comptroller
of currency at Washington for the
First National Bank of Kildeer, N.
D., to be capitalized at $25,O00. w.
L. Richards, Robert Wilcox, Elliott
Freeman and others, it is understood,
are named as incorporators, and
there is little reason to doubt that the
charter will be granted. AS the
PRESS understands, the other men
who are to become interested in Dunn
county's first national bank are
men of means and prominence like
those mentioned.
Robert Wilcox will likely be named
as president and Elliott Freeman as
cashier. Mr.. Freeman is at present
assistant cashier in the Merchants
National bank at Dickinson and his
many friends will be pleased to learn
! of his probable advancement. He is
Dickinson young man, son of DR..
and Mrs. C. N. Barker, and will make
good in any position he accepts.
Men like Messrs. Richards, Wilcox
and the other men who are to become
associated in the national bank at
Kildeer need no introduction to our
readers.
AS this paper understands, site
has been purchas at Kildeer and
the plan is to have a building ready
for the new bank the first of the
year. The fact that these men are
establishing national bank at Kill
deer, shows that they have faith in
the rapid development of the sur
rounding country.
A man who is to start a second
meat market at Kildeer, stated
"Wednesday night that there were al
ready four elevators in the place,
three lumber yards and 1875 carpent-
ers working as hard as they could on
new structures.
The Northwestern State bank has
been doing business at Kildeer for
some weeks, and just recently Cashier
A. B. Curry moved his dwelling down
from Oakdale.
Fred Hall, with the Benzie Drug
Co. in this city, is opening a drug
store at Kildeer. He is a first-class
ftyoung man and will move out with
his family as early in the spring as
he can. He will remain with the
Dickinson firm until the Norred hotel
is ready for occupancy.
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12
/. J. BLANCHARD IS
NEW CITY ATTORNEY

Attorney H. A. Burgeson, who has
held the office of city attorney for a
little over five years, has resigned
and Mayor White has appointed At
torney II. j. Blanchard to fill out the
unexpired term. Mr.. Burgeson was
appointed assistant by City Attorney
l.. A. Simpson when he left for Bos-
ton to try the famous Dan Russell
will case, and he was appointed by
Mayor johnson for his two terms and
by Mayor White last spring. Mr..
Burgeson has given satisfaction in
the office and resigned now on account
of having been elected county attor-
ney, which office he will take the
first Of the year.
Mr.. Blanchard has the reputation
of giving careful attention to all leg
al matters entrusted to him, and he
is to be congratulated on getting the
appointment of city attorney. He is
one of the Stark county representa-
tives- elect.
Supt. L. R. Waldron was appointed
a member Of the city park board at
the meeting of the council on Mon
day.
Reports of officers and committees
were heard and various matters of
business were transacted. The re-
port of the city treasurer showed the
receipts for the month of November
to be $801.73, while the bills paid
amounted to $2,292.21. Cash on hand
December 1st, amounted to $32,12O.89;
of this $4,000 belongs to the sink
ing fund and the remaining $11 ,82O.89
to the general fund. In regard to
the collection of water rent, the audi
tor reported $712.15 collected during
the month of November with $1,O13.36
unpaid. The council instructed the
auditor to turn over to the city at
torney for collection all accounts of
water rent that were two or more
months past due.
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12

: The ladies of the Dorcas society
have already started their campaign
to secure Christmas supplies for the
needy. Food, clothing and any thing
that can be used, should be sent to
Mrs. F. i. Roquette or Mrs. L. III.
Rudiselle. Ladies' coats and shoes
are especially sought. Any donation
Of money will be used to the very
best advantage. The merchants are
all preparing boxes which will aid
the ladies to a large extent, but if any
one has anything which has any
good in it, just turn it in to either Of
the above named ladies and it will
go to those most in need.
The Dickinson press., 1914-12-12
POULTRY T<ekf-1 ~ MEET
PREMIUM LIST SOON

The Missouri Poultry Association
held a special meeting in the Com
mercial Club rooms Friday evening Of
last week. Reports of various COM
mittees were given and matters in re-
gard to the poultry show were taken
up. The show dates are Wednesday,
Thursday and Friday, January 9th,
28th and 29th. E. P. Roberts Of Fort
Atkinson, Wis, an American Poultry
association licensed Judge, will be the
official Judge of the exhibits. This
insures fair and impartial Judging to
all. Mr.. Roberts is one Of the best
poultry judges in the country. He
comes here from the Nebraska state
show and the association is very for
tunate in being able to secure the
services of such competent poultry
man. The news that Dickinson is to
have first-class poultry show has
spread rapidly up and down the line.
Already several have written from
Bismarck and Mandan inquiring as
to dates and making known their in
tention of entering birds. Some in
cuiries come from as far west as
Billings. The poultry show at the
county fair surpassed all that was
hoped for it and from the interest al
ready shown the coming show will be
much better and larger than was at
first planned.
The premium list which gives full
information, and which was made
possible by the generous advertising
of the local business men, will be
ready for distribution in a few days.
If any one interested in the raising
of poultry fails to receive copy
within a reasonable length Of time,
he should write to Sec. w. E. Nc
Grath, Dickinson.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

FOR SALE - 1OA acres. fronting on
the LingIestown and Wildwood Park
road; ten minutes walk from l.. trolley
al Linglestown. Ideal location-even
good, pure water. Apply &. b. Care,
Cares Grocery, Linglestown. Pa L. car
from Square, Harrisburg.
Building or Suburban lots along L.
trolley, $500 to $4,000. See them. e.
B. Care q Sons. Llnglestown, Pa.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
THE MARKETS

By Associated Press

Philadelphia, Aug. IL. - Wheat =
Steady; No. ., red. spot, new export.
s1%s5; No. 1. Northern Duluth, export
Corn = Steady; No. 2, yellow. local,
Oats - Steady; No. 2. white. 4s1a q
Bran : Steady winter. per ton'
s2s.00; spring. $27@27.50.
Refined Sugars = Market higher:
Confectionery A. $50; Keystone A. $50
Butter = The market is Arm;
western. creamery, extras. soc: near
Eggs, = The market is firm
Pennsylvania and other nearby nrstsi
free cases $50 per case; de- dc current
western, extras, firsts, free cases. $500
per case; extras, firsts, free cases, $3.50
917hc; young chickens. 1192Oci
spring chickens. q QS2c; proliing, cl!ek.
eneks en o9d se 9ld dSsSs young isS
I4e; geese. 159i7c; turkeys, 1992Oc..
Dressed Poultry - Steady; fowls,
Fas to iansy SSod neayS S:avy W. &c.
dss.. 90; SnatSFsstIve. is.@l5c; .s,SS I'D
Chickens nearby. 2oSS2Sc;' SS5sS western. 1s
Q2O; capons. large, 23Q 25c; do.
an~ aa fs,I - 1Sis Ssc! turnsys: aH: fS1
Potatoes Weak; new, per barrel.
S1.50QS.50; do. Southern, per barrel.
15e@$2.0O: Jersey. per basket, S5 q 40c.
FIour-The market is strong; winter,
clear, S3s5Q4:1os .straights, Pennsyl-
vania, new, $4.50@4.75; spring straight.
S4.7S a 4.90; do, patent, $540 q 5.S5;
western, S4.2594.40; patents, S4;6OQ
ATS; Kansas straight, jute sacks, S4.15
Q430; spring, frsts, clear, S400@ 4.20;
strights. $4.2OQ4.S0; patents. $4.S6Q
Hay - The market is frm; tim
othy, No. 1, large bales $20.50 q 21.00;
No. /, medium bales, $4,000 1880; No.
2, do, S1s.00@19.00; No. 3, do, $500 %
100.
Glover mixed: Light. mixed, s1s,5O@
1900; No, /, do. S17.50@1S.0o; No. 2,
do. $15.00@16.o0.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

william Wesley shope. aged 81
years, a retired baggagemaster of the
Pennsylvania Railroad, died at his
home. 21 South Thirteenth street, yes
terday afternoon. He is survived by
his wife, two children, William Wes-
ley, Jr.. and Chester Shope, and two
grandchildren. Funeral services will
be held Thursday morning at 10
O'Clock from his late home. The body
will be taken to Oberlin. where final
services will be held in the United
Brethren Church. The Rev. Edward
A. G. Bossler pastor of the State
Street United Brethren Church, as
sisted by the Rev. Mr.. Boughter, pas
tor of the Oberlin United Brethren
Church, will officiate. Burial will be
made in the United Brethren Gene
terry at Oberlin.
Mr.. Shope had been a resident of
Allison Hill for more than thirty five
years, living in Oberlin before moving
to this city. He was member of the
Harrisburg Lodge, No. IL, Benevolent
and Protective Order of Elks. Brother
hood of Railroad Trainmen, knights
of Pythias, Lodge No. 1913, and of the
Improved Order of Red Men, Lodge
No. 81.
He was an employ on the Philadel-
phia division of the Pennsylvania Rail-
road for thirty-five years.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
AMPH|ON SURVIVORS
TELL HOW SHIP SANK
AFTER HITTING MINE
Force Of Explosion Lifted Heavy
Guns and Ripped Open
Forepart of Cruiser
Bp Sbecinl Corrsshondence


London, Aug. ia dispatch from
Harwich says the survivors of the
Amphion say the cruiser had just left
the port at Harwich when the crew
was ordered to clear the decks for
action. The Koenigen Luise was sight
ed and as she refused to stop even
when a shot was fired across her bows
they gave chase. The destroyers then
surrounded and sank her after a brief
combined bombardment.
The captain of the Koenigen Luise
was beside himself with fury. With
revolver in hand he threatened his
men as they prepared to surrender to
to give himself up and when taken by
force could not control himself AS
he was taken away from Harwich to
q military prison he flung his bundle
into a picket boat with a gesture of
angry defiance. His men. on the con-
trary, appeared to be quite contented.
They laughed, chatted and smoked
whenever they got the chance.
They betrayed an eager interest in
all things English. Then the smoke of
a big ship was seen on the horizon
and the Amphion gave chase. She
fired a warning shot as she drew
near the vessel, which at once made
her identity known. 1t was the Har-
wich boat st. Petersburg, carrying
bassador to the Hook of Holland.
While on the return trip the tragedy
to the Amphion occurred. She struck
a sunken mine and gave two plunging
jerks. Then followed an explosion
which ripped up her forepart and shot
up her tunnels into the air like ar
rows from a bow. The explosion lifted
her heavy guns and falling material
struck several boats of the fiotilla and
injured several men aboard The Am
phion's men were dreadfully burned
and scalded.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
Order Closing Port
of Montreal Lifted
Bp Associated Press

Montreal, Aug. 1.-THE order clos
ing the port of Montreal was tempo
rarily lifted to-day to allow the steam
ship Royal Edward to sail with 500
French reservists on board. The Royal
Edward expects to meet French or
British warships in the gulf and be
conveyed across the Atlantic. In Eng.
land the vessel may be taken out by
the British admiralty.
While the ports of Montreal and
Quebec have been closed as far as
ocean-going traffic is concerned, this
order, it was explained by the port
authorities to-day, has no reference
to the inland water traffic on the
rivers and lakes.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

NOTICE to property owners along
the lines of Howard street from Wood
bine street to Wharton alley and How
ard alley from Wharton alley to Camp
street, Ordinance No. 104. File of City
Council, Session of 1914-1915.
In accordance with the terms of Ordi-
nance No. Ss3, File of Common Coun-
ell, you are hereby notified to make all
the necessary house connections con-
sewer, gas pipes, steam heating pipes.
water pipes or other mains" within
sixty days from the date of this notice,
and conduct the said service pipes or
sewers from the mains in the street to
within the curb lines of said street.
NJ. B. COWDEN.
CITY Engineer
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
NOTICE


In Re Application of Cooperative Loan
and Investment Co, Incorporated -
In the Court of Quarter Sessions of
Dauphin County-No. 247. June Ses-
sions, 1914.
NOTICE is hereby given that appIica-
ton has been made to the Court of
Quarter Sessions of the Peace of Dau-
phin County. Pennsylvania, by the CO.
operative Loan and Investment Co, In
corporated, for a license to engage in
the business of loaning money, as pro-
vided by the terms of the Act Of As
AN Act regulating the making of GER
tain loans, limiting the charges there
for; requiring and regulating the IL
censing of lenders, fixing. the fee there
for. and prescribing penalties for viola
tion thereof etc." whose place OF busi-
ness shall be at No. 204 Chestnut
Street. in the City of Harrisburg, Penn
sylvania, and that the cath. day of Au-
gust, 1914, at 10 o'clock A NJ, has been
fixed for hearing, by the Court, said ap-
plication for license, and that said ap-
plication is now on file in the office of
the Clerk of the Quarter Sessions Court
of Dauphin County.
HENRY F. HOLLER,
Clerk of Court.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

NOTICE = Letters of Administra ton
on the Estate of Mary A. Blessing, late
of City of Harrisburg, Dauphin county,
Pa, deceased, having been granted to
the undersigned residing in City of
Harrisburg, all persons indebted to said
Estate are requested to make immedi-
ate payment, and those having claims
will present them for settlement.
DAVID S. BLESSING,
Administrator,
s211 North Third Street,
Harrisburg. p
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
Precautions Taken to
Preuent Cholera From
Getting Foothold Here

New York, Aug. 11.-Cable advices
from Vienna stating that cholera had
developed among the Servian and AUS
trian troops has resulted in precau-
tions being taken at this port to pre-
vent the disease from gaining foot
hold In this country.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE
Furnished by HI. w. SNAVELY
Arcade Building
CHICAGO CATTLE

CHICAGO CATTLE
By Associated Press
Chicago, ILL.,, Aug. 11.-Hogs-Re-
ceipts. 10000; lower. Bulk, s9.30Qs.75;
light. ss49@I0.9o mixed. sS.109S95;
pigs, ss.00@9.70
Cattle = Receipts, $500; steady.
Beeves, $7.25@10.40; steers, $6.5099.10;
and heifers, $3.sO@940; calves. ss.5o9
11.50.
Sheep = Receipts. 10000; steady.
Sheep, s5.39@6:15; .yearlings, s6.10@
1925; lambs, 6.75@S.S5.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY,
Bureau of Water and Light
Court House.

Harrisburg, Pa, August 4, 1914
NOTICE is hereby given that the as
sessment against the abutting property
pipe in Curtin Street, from Jefferson
Street to Seventh Street, and in Fourth
Street, from Emerald Street to Seneca
Street, will be made and levied at the
Office of the Commissioner of Public
Safety Room 10, Court House. in the
City of Harrisburg, on the 18th day of
August, at 10 o'clock A. NJ, when and
where all parties in interest may attend
II. f. BOWMAN,
Superintendent Public Safety
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
NOTICE
OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF QUAR-
TER SESSIONS

OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF QUAR-
TER SESSIONS.
Harrisburg, Pa. July 81, 1914.
NOTICE is hereby given that the fol-
lowing application for Loan Agent, in
Act of Assembly of June 5, 1918. has
been filed in this office and hearing 2
thereon will be had in Court Room No
l. on the Gath day of August. 1914, at
10 o'clock A NJ
Name
PEOPLES ENDORSEMENT COMPANY.
Robert w. Mcconnell
Place of Business
Bergner Building, Cor. Third and Mar
ket Sts.. Harrisburg, Pa.
HENRY F. HOLLER,
Clerk
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
LEGAL NOTICES
PAVING NOTICE

NOTICE to property owners along
the lines of Howard alley from Emer-
aid street to Curtin street.
You are hereby notified that the as
sessment to pay the cost and expense
of paving and curbing the above
named highway under Ordinance No.
so, File of Common Council, Session of
1912-191S, will be made by me. at my
office in the Commonwealth Trust Com
pany Building, No. 222 Market street
Harrisburg, Pa. .on THURSDAY the goth
of o'clock a. m. and IL o'clock noon,
when and where all parties interested
shall be heard.
NJ B. COWDEN,
City Engineer,
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
DIED

SHoPE-on Monday afternoon, August
10, 1914, William Wesley Shope, ST.
aged 81 years. s months and 10 days
Funeral on Thursday morning at 1C
O'Clock from his late residence, Il south
Thirteenth street Relatives and
friends are invited to attend without
further notice. Body can be viewed
Wednesday evening from to o'clock
Burial and funeral services at Ooer-
iin United Brethren Church.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
RTTRy Louis p CuEsTER

Funeral services for Louis Philip
Chester, aged 75 years. 1115 Kittatinny
street, a retired caller of the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad and a veteran of the
First City Zouaves. were held this aft
ernoon at o'clock. Burial was made
in the East Harrisburg Cemetery.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

THE Harrisburg PoYycTfnic DIspen-
sary Will be open daily except Sunday
North Second street. for the free treat
ment of the worthy Door.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

NOTICE = Letters Testamentary on
the Estate of Kate II. McGonigal. late
of Harrisburg. Dauphin county, Pa. de-
ceased, having been granted to the un-
dersigned. all persons indebted to said
Estate are requested to make immedi-
ate payment, and those having claims
will present them for settlement.
GEO. E. ETTER,
Executor
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
MONEY TO LOAN

LoANs-s5 to 5000 for honest work
Ing people without bank credit at less
than legal rates, payable in instalrlents
to suit borrowers convenience.
Cooperative
Loan and Investment Co.,
204 Chestnut street
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

FOR RENT - Three nicely furnished
rooms, suitable for gentlemen or wo-
men employed; desirable neighborhood; /;
private family; all modern convent
ences. Address j., 1874, care of TeIe-
graph. or call Bell 1921.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

FOR RENT - One newly furnished
room, fronting on Capitol Park; cleo
in room; use of phone and large bath.
Apply 410 North street
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
Deaths and Funerals


Funeral services for j. A. souder. for
merly of this city, but recently of
Miami. Florida will be held Thursday
afternoon at o'clock from. the home
of his daughter, Mrs. Z. F.. Stone 33S
vived by his wife and two daughters,
Mrs. Levi Mumma. of Jacksonville
Florinda, and Mrs. Earl q. Stone. Mrs.
Stone said to-day that the services will
be open to her fathers many friends.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11
FOUND

xlarge at Eggert's Steam Dyeing. &
French Cleaning Works, t245 Market
street Try US for your clothes sake
Both phones A prompt delivery SER
vice.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

FOR RENT-Unfurnished fiat, two
rooms. hall. use of bath: light, clean
Possession at once. Apply 23O North
Fifteenth street.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1914-08-11

MONEY FOR SAIAARIED PEOPLE
and others upon their own names.
Cheap rates. easy payments. conhdsn-
tial.
Adams z Co, Il. 500. Q N, Market aa,