davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
ERADlCATING PLUM CURCULI0
Arsenate of Lead, Applied When Leaf
Buds Are Swelling VIII Hold In
furious Insect In Check.

The plum curoulio, or the Little
Turk" is very bad enemy of plums
and apples, says bulletin from the
Minnesota college. 1t hibernates as
mature beetle, and when the warm
days of spring come it is ready for its
first meal on the swelling buds. Later
on the female attacks the young fruit
almost as soon as formed, poking the
eggs beneath the skin, and, marking
around each egg the characteristic
crescent shaped mark.
Arsenate of lead, three pounds to
fifty gallons of water, applied wheI
the leaf buds are swelling, again when
the blossoms fall, and again two weeks
later will hold this insect in check.
If the arsenate of lead is combined
with the self-boile6 lime-sulphur, or
with Bordeaux mixture, fungus dis
eases like shot-hole fungus Of the plum
and cherry, and the scab of the apple,
will also be kept within bounds.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
(By W. MILTON KELLY)

(By W. MILTON KELLY
Every dairyman should be special
list.
Future performance depends upon
present management
Scientific feeding Is only a high
sounding name for rational feeding.
The special purpose COW is one
means Of securing success in dairying.
The first essential Of profitable
dairy business is an intelligent dairy
man.
The real value of a pure bred dairy
cow lies in her pedigree-it Is the pre-
potent power of heredity.
Every we'll organized farm has been
made so by a man with a well-organ-
lied mind.
Good common sense mixed with
judgment and knowing the needs and
characteristics of the animals insures
success.
1t is unfortunate that there are not
solid neighborhoods of dairymen who
work together in improving their
dairy herds.
The future hope of our farming de-
ponds upon how our young men are
educated that they may see how ma
ture works.
Every COW that is worth raising a
calf from should be considered as do
ing double work and be fed and treat
ed accordingly.
A little top dressing will help out
the thin spots in the new seeding and
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

aud relief from payment Of contribu-
tons. 1t is estimated that when the
scheme is fully at work million
mothers In Great Britain will each
year receive this benefit at q cost
to the nation, on this account
alone, of $7,500,000. Under the sana-
forum benefit the state provides for
free treatment and care, in sanatoriums
or at home, of persons who contract
tuberculosis. The insurance commits
sioners may schedule other diseases
also for institutional treatment These
are the minimum benefits. Other ben
efits, possible with prudent manage
ment of the insurance funds, include
larger old age pensions and higher
sick, disablement and maternity pay
and convalescence allowances.
Administered Through Fraternal Socl-
cites.
The administration of the act Is
through the government, which util-
ICES the friendly societies, trades
unions and other approved organiza-
tions-and through the postal savings
bank for deposit contributors whom no
friendly society would insure. The
friendly societies correspond, to de-
gree, to mutual insurance companies
in the United States. The insured thus
control the working of the scheme
The act makes safe and solvent the
fraternal or friendly society and in
cieases its benefits, provided upon re-
pcated examination the society or
lodge shows approvable management
But how does the insurance act ben
eft the employer? What does he re-
ceive in return for his contribution Of
six cents q week?
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
FEW EXCELLENT FARM NOTES,
Thousands Of Injurious Insects May Be
Destroyed by Raking the Place
Other Odds and Ends.

Put up new Shooting Forbidden"
signs.
One can destroy thousands of in-
sects one cannot see by raking and
burning all rubbish on the place.
An inspection of the chimneys now
and a little mortar may save bad
fire this winter
Cut scions now for grating next
spring. Pack in sawdust or sand very
lightly dampened.
Fasten down the tops of the hay
stacks-or better still-cover them
1t pays big.
Open up and clean out every drain
ditch on the place.
Rush the work on the ice house, but
do not put in the first ice that comes
Mulch the strawberry bed after
the ground freezes, not before.
Push the turkeys for three weeks
just before selling
Keep some of your best turkeys and
chickens for the Christmas market,
and send them in early to avoid the
glut
Keep the paint brush going until
every implement on the place is Gov
cred.
1t will take few hundred feet Of
thing, some grading, and a little ell
bow-grease to make the feed lot dry
during the winter, but it will pay big
in the added comfort to the animals,
which always means added flesh.
If we cannot afford a silo, we can
certainly afford field of horned tur-
nips or mangels. They are not equal
to silo, of course, but they do help
to make dry feed palatable, and there
fore increase its value
The feed-cutter should be in use on
every farm, the corn-shredder Ia an
excellent thing, but why not put all
of the corn crop in a silo as the best
probable position to get every pound
OF value of It,
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

became effective only in July, 1912.
Under the act, every employed person
from sixteen to seventy years of age,
whose income does not exceed $500 a
year, is compulsorily insured against
sickness, in whatever manual or other
occupation engaged, with certain
rather unimportant exceptions. Those
earning more than $500 a year by
manual labor alone are also compul-
sorily insured. In British population
of 45,000,000, the act includes. approx
mately, 100000 in its provisions.
The act also provides that other per
sons, not included in the compulsorily
insured class, may join under certain
conditions.
"19 Cents Worth for 8 Cents"
The insurance fund is derived from
three sources, the worker, the employ
er. the national treasury. Here arises
one of the strongest criticisms OF the
act, both employer and workman
claiming his contribution to be too
large The weekly subscription of the
workman earning more than 1915 a
week is IS cents, of which the work
man pays eight cents, the employer
six cents and the national treasury
four cents or its equivalent. In addi-
ton, the state pays the cost of central
administration and large grants to-
wards hospitals and medical benefits
When workman's wages are less
than 1915 week. he pays less pro
portion to the insurance fund and the
employer pays more. Insured women
pay one-fourth less than insured men.
The workman thus buys Is cents
worth OF insurance for eight cents
Those whose wages are less than s175
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Cheaper Potash.

Deposits of nitrate of potash have
been discovered at Prieska, in north
ern Cape Colony, South Africa. The
goods are being offered in small lots
in England at $45 per ton against
S95 for German and East Indian
nitrate of potash. Standard potash
nitrate contains IL per cent. nitrogen
and As per cent. potash. A reduction
Of one-half in wholesale price of these
important elements would be a boon
70 agriculture the world over.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

make the grass come along in places
where very little can be seen.
There can be no such thing as sys-
tematic management Of a dairy farm
without regular rotation of crops in
which legume figures at least once
in three or four years.
Never allow heifer to dry of early
the first season, for once the habit be-
comes established it will be very diff
ficult to prolong the milking period.
Keep the herd bull where it will be
convenient to feed and water him at
the same time you care for the cows.
If he is kept off by himself he is quite
apt to be neglected.
II the ensilage is frozen 1t Is an ex-
cellent plan to leave it in the stable,
two or three hours to take off the chill.
This may not sound like good advice
in the face of what many authorities
say about the milk becoming tainted,
but it is better than feeding frozen en-
silage to the cows.
Plan to tie the cows SO that they
cannot step on each others teats. Many
excellent cows have been ruined by
having the ones next to them step on
their teats.
Avoid buying the so-called mixed
and prepared dairy feeds as long as
you can get the good whole grains
and hire them ground and mixed as
you want them. No man knows just
what he is buying because the label
on the bags says SO much protein, etc.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Water for the Wheat.

II an inch of water is worth two
and one-half bushels of wheat TO the
tcre, and the farmer wants to average
20 bushels of wheat his problem is
to secure and place at the disposal of
his wheat plants, just ten inches of
water. Simple. isn't it. It's just a
matter OF arithmetic-and using one'S
intelligence.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Making Ton10rrowS
U0rld:
INSURlNG A NATION.
By UALTER UILLIHMJ, IL.
(Dsan fhAs School Of Journam 81 ii< Unsr.v Mour

week are insured without cost to
them. Contributions are not paid by
the workman during sickness or unem
ployment and cease entirely when he
reaches the age of seventy years. The
act makes it illegal for the employer
from the workers wage; he must de-
duct only the workers share. A spe-
cial provision modifies contributions in
cases where employers maintain their
workpeople In sickness. Men and
women of all ages up to sixty-five
years are treated alike in respect to
contributions. Insurance cost is no
more at forty years of age than at
sixteen. The age handicap, necessari-
ly imposed by private insurance com
panies, is entirely absent from the
British scheme.
What are the benefits?
The member OF parliament from
Northampton, H. B. Lees Smith, and
the managing director Of great
wholesale establishment OF London,
Wilkie Calvert (brother of DR.. Sidney
Calvert, professor Of chemistry at the
University of Missouri), summarized
these benefits:
Sickness and Other Benefits.
The workman pays eight cents a
week or less. His benefits are the
same whatever he pays. These bene-
fits include free medical attendance
and free medicine sickness benefit,
disablement or invalidity pension, ma
ternity benefit, sanitarium benefit.
Free medical attendance and free
medicine are provided to the worker
who becomes ILL., This provision has
been sharply attacked by the British
doctors. The sickness benefit varies
in amount. Ordinarily it is $3.50 a
week for men and $1.75 week for
women for 26 weeks. Sickness bene-
fits cease at seventy years of age,
when the old age pension becomes
payable. II sickness continues long
er than rs weeks, $125 week is paid
during the remainder of the sickness,
however long it may be. Provision is
made for certain reduction in benefits
when members are in arrears with
their contributions, but no one is sus.
pended from medical, sanitarium and
maternity benefits until more than 2t
weeks in arrears. Insured women
married or unmarried, and the wives
Of insured men, whether insured oil
not, receive a maternity benefit o.
$3.50 In addition to sickness benefit
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

London, Eng
land. An Act
to provide for In
surance against
Loss of Health
and for the Pre-
vention and Cure
of Sickness, and
for Insurance
Against U n g M
ploy m e n t"
such is the COM
prehensive title
of the most am
bilious measure
for social reform
yet attempted in
Great Britain. 1t
will make over
the United King
dom, declare the
Lii b erals and
their allies, who
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

may be easily rolled up on them.
Join the pieces together with strong
pins, Roll the barrel into the notches
and it will remain there until ready
to unload, writes j. G. Allshouse of
Avonmore, Pa, in the Popular Me-
chanics.
For hauling a number of barrels, re-
move the wagon box, make the pieces
of heavy timbers extending from one
bolster to the other and cut as many
notches as there are barrels to be
hauled.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08

enacted it into law. 1t will ruin the
nation, assert in public the Conser-
vatives, who opposed its enactment.
In private all parties appear commit
ted to acceptance of the general prin.
ciples Of the National Insurance Act,
as 1t Is popularity called, though as to
some OF its practical workings there
is fierce contention. 1t does not ap-
pear probable that the act will be re-
pealed, though it will doubtless-to
quote Bonar Law, the Conservative
leader-be "drastically amended" II
his party, turning out the Liberals,
is placed in power at the next general
election.
The insurance act became a law De
cember 16, 1911. 1t was a government
measure presented and supported by
the Liberal government Such a
scheme" said Worthington Evans, M.
p, one Of its most vigorous critics,
could never have been brought in ex-
cept by one with the pluck of Mr..
Loyd-George. and with the help Of
those connected with insurance" In
many respects the original measure
was crudely drawn, showing the marks
of haste in its preparation. Some of
the crudities have been corrected by
supplementary legislation.
Compulsory insurance Against Sick
ness.
What is the purpose of the insur.
ance act and what are its practical
workings since it has been British
law? While the act was passed in
December, 1911, the insurance features
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
LOADING BARRELS IN WAGON
Two Pieces Of by 4-Inch Wood With
Conceived Place Near Center viii
Prevent Any Rolling.

A barrel loaded in a wagon box is
apt to roll about unless pieces are
placed under the edges, but even
then, if the barrel is a large one and
full, the pieces will not hold 1t. A
simple device for keeping the barrel
from rolling is made of two pieces of
2 by 4-inch wood, about 313 feet
long, with a conceived place cut out
near the center, as shown, and the
ends cut to a point SO that the barrel
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Double Trouble.

We've got great road now" slid
an enthusiastic western railroader to
his friend. We've g5t it double
tracked clear through to Chicago"
HIM" said the friend. Il don't
see what you want double track for.
You can't keep your trains on one"
-Everybody's.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Greenhouse Glass

OF late years the sizes of glass in
greenhouses have been running larger
Some have tried very large sizes in
deed. Nearly all the leading growers
near Boston have settled down to a
size six by twenty-four inches.
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Such 10 Life.
appiness ia unattainable."

Happiness Is unattainable."
How now"
1t was always my dream to get
rich and have cast iron dog on the
lawn. It took ne forty years TO get
rich and now cast iron dogs are oui
of style"
Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1914-01-08
Increase of Horses.

Horses are not being driven out of
the market by motor cars, as many
persons believe. On the contrary, they
are rapidly increasing in number and
value.
The Washington herald., 1914-09-17
Presidents Address to BeIgians.

President Wilson could have said no more with.
out treading on dangerous ground in his address
yesterday to the Belgian commission which went to
the White House to place in his hands the indictment
against the soldiers of Germany alleging eruehies
and atrocities in the war. He might have said less
and still have escaped the criticism of being eoldy
formal and perfunctory His address was an admir-
ably tactful, warrh-hearted response to a friendly
nations appeal to sympathy and influence while
it is engaged in struggle at with another
nation with which our relations are also those of
peace and good will.
The visit of the Belgians is the most direct of all
the efforts being made by the powers at war to
establish their right the good opinion of the people
of the United States None of the nations involved
can expect any action by this government concerning
their charges and denals of atrocities committed by
armies in the field When President Wilson refer
atrocities promised TO give it his most attentive
perusal and thoughtful attention" adding you WILL
sure, not expect me to say more" it was
reply-and the only reply that can possibly be made
to all the powers alike Almost Identical it is safe
say will be the formally sent to Berlin and
to Paris
But the portion of the Presidents address to the
Belgians which will most deeply impress the civil
lied world is his earnest declaration:
Presently pray God very soon-this will
be over. The day of accounting will then when
l take it for granted the nations of Europe will
assemble to determine settlement Where wrongs
have been committed their consequences and the
lative responsibility involved will be assessed The
nations of the world have fortunately by agreement
made plan for such a reckoning and settlement
What such plan cannot compass the opinion of
mankind the final arbiter IN all such matters, will
supply.
The day of reckoning is to come and it is that
day the warning powers are preparing for. The
nations of Europe will assemble to determine set
tlement" but "the opinion of mankind" is the final
arbiter and the opinion of the United States will
weigh heavily in the balance that will determine a
nations destinies for many future years
The calm, forceful utterance of the President of
our republic, while Europe is at war, will become
historic In his own record of craftsmanship it will
take high place
The Washington herald., 1914-09-17

cent ad valorem tax is large revenues. but also
large Illicit production and traffic which caused the
Internal Revenue Office to seize illicit distilIer-
les last year than there were registered disterics
paying the tax
When Mr.. Dingley prepared the war revenue
bill of 1893 Prohibtionist though he was he did not
increase this heavy tax on spirits because he had in
mind the experience of the Congress in 1862 and he
did not desire to increase the embarrassment of the
government in its efforts to suppress the illicit traffic
and the danger to government officials in trying to
collect the tax from the moonshiners in the noun
tain districts of the South 1t is more difficult to
engage in illicit traffic in beer and the brewers volun-
tarily suggested that their tax could be doubled tenn
porarily to help out the government in time of
But we always have the complaint about taxing
the breakfast table whenever any taxes are dis
cussed, and We always viii have. Mr.. Underwood
will have to meet this complaint as did his Repubi-
can predecessors, and follow the example of Chair
man Dingley, who took the position that the gov
crnment needed revenues to meet an emergency, and
the whole people should be willing to help in that
temporary emergency He assessed such taxes. as
could be quickly and easily, collected without de-
ranging any of the fixed revenue laws under which
the ordinary revenues of the government col
lected
The Washington herald., 1914-09-17
HISTORY BUILDERS.
An Early Comptroller of the
Currency.
By DR. 3. ,. EDWARDS.

The late John jay Knox, who was for
many years Comptroller OF the Currency.
being the second who was appointed TO
that odice, the first having been Hugh
McCulloch, set the example when he re-
signed as Comptroller which has been
followed by many OF his successors in
that ofice-he became a bank president
in New York. With perhaps a single ex-
ception, his various successors.up 10 the
administration OF President Taft DEPART
ed from the Comptfolleris ONCE at wash
ington to accept invitations to become
presidents OF large banks.
Mr.. Knox was man Of scholarly ap-
pearance. Some thought they detected
strong personal resemblance between
him and Senator John J. Ingalls,, Of
Kansas. Though a scholarly use, SO to
speak, OF his spectacles, Knox impaired
the impression that he was a man Of
speech he was very moderate, apparently
carefully weighing his words. He had
the details of the ultimate control Of
the currency completely mastered, pos
sessing a wonderful memory for the
statistics Of that department. He was
regarded as a somewhat rigid oficer.
disposed generally to adhere to a strict
construction OF the law.
Yet that impression Of Mr. Knox was
anecdote, narrated to me by his long
time friend. Frederick d. Tappen, for
many years a high authority in the New
YORK clearinghouse Association, will
prove:
Il was once chatting informally with
Mr.. Knox after he came to New York as
a bank president" said Mr.. Tappen to
me. "and mentioned that believed such
discretionary power as the Comptroller
fNNITrannNF
been wisely used by him.
Il spoke OF what is called 'overcertify-
ing checks by banks which had Wall
street brokers as their customers Checks
wereS in fact, overcertified when the
brokers did not have money enough on
deposit to meet them. but IL was always
with the understanding that the amount
would be made good in the course of the
day. said to Mr.. Knox that had
known OF only one instance where the
pledge of that kind had not been faith
fully kept and in that case It was acci-
DENTAL not Intentional / also intimated
TO Mr.. Knox that as II was a physical
lnpossioilty for banks to segregate from
their deposits the bank notes which they
received II had been the habit Of some
banks, particularly in other parts Of the
country, to mix some national bank notes
In with the funds consisting Of legal
tenders in gold which they held as re-
serve, and this could not have been
done without at least the tacit permis-
sion Of the Comptroller.
Mr.. Knox said TO me: Tappen. 1
learned early in my service as Comptrol-
Ter Of the Currency that 1t is not well
always to insist upon a strict inter-
probation Of the law. l learned that the
public of1cer who leans backward in the
administration Of his ofice is quite as
likely 10 make mistakes as is the one
who may be disposed to be somewhat
lenient. Now in the actual operations of
the national banking law there are some
things which a very strict Interpretation
would put a stop to. but which a moder-
ate and lenient reading Of the law would
The Washington herald., 1914-09-17

reasonably permit A Comptroller Of the
Currency who absolutely stopped what
you call 'overcertifying checks would
thereby paralyze the securities market.
'' so Il has been with respect TO mix
ing In national bank notes with the funds
held for reserve. There has been no
abuse OF this. It is matter Of con-
venience, and as national bank notes are
in every instance secured by government
bonds. there is no real danger unless the
thing Is carried to excess.
81 am a great believer In the giving
by Legislative bodies OF discretionary
powers TO public officers. especially those
who are In authority over our banking
and currency system
yet the man who made this remark
was reputed to hold to the strictest In
depreciation Of the laws" said Mr.. Tap
pen.
tcopsriSht. 1914. b. Z J. Edwards, An rights ~
SerTedl
Tomorrow DR.. Edwards will tell How
a Bankers Prediction was FULFILLED"