davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
CUSTOMS OF PERSIA.
A Meal at Which There Were Neither
Knives, Forks Nor Spoons.

sSO' ~"
"rhe road to khum, a holy Per
sian city, is sufficiently good, al:
though there is too much sand. AL
the stations are full of gendarmes
cent there to fight the brigands
The city of Kashan is not to be rec
commended to any European on &C
count of the gigantic scorpions
which have chosen it fol-. their CAPT
tai. The road from Kashan, over
mountains and immense heaps Of
sand, is very hard and firing. Ono
can see on both sides of the road
many corpses of camels, horses,
mules and asses. Falling by the
way under their burdens, the poor
beasts presumably have been aban-
doned by their Persian drivers, who
would never think of killing them
and relieving them of their suffer
ings.
GIN Chez a rich Persian asked me
to pass the night at his house, and
I had to drink tea and eat my sup
per in his company" says a writer
in the London Standard. "He took
a chicken and tore the best pieces
of it with his fingers, offering them
to me. No forks, knives or spoons,
very few chairs and sofas, but beau
tiful carpets. 1 had a cushion and
a blanket and, being tired, wanted
to 90 to bed. But my new friend
wished to boast of my presence to
his relatives, and l saw several men
who came to greet me.
"Two of them, after having bow
ed to the earth to me, began to re-
cite French verses, apparently with
out understanding their meaning.
The elder raised his eyes to the cell
ing and said he was almost dead
with grief because of a previous ac-
cident to my carriage.
81 had to answer many questions
concerning Europe. l told them
about London and Paris, and said
Berlin was probably the cleanest
place in the world. The Persians
were apparently amazed, but the
French speakers asked me whether
the Germans cleaned their boots in
Berlin. l learned afterward that
nv friends were the only wearers
of leather shoes in Chez. Cleanli-
ness is not a Persian virtue, and
Berlin did not impress them much"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
IGNORED HIS DREAMS.
Had Charles !. Needed Them History
Might Read Differently.

Had Charles !. Needed Them History
Might Read Differently.
On June IL, 1916, Charles l. slept
at the little inn in Naseby village.
Scouts had brought news of the APP
proach of the parliamentary army,
and the king was resolved to give
them battle.
In the middle of the night the
lords of the bedchamber, who slept
in the outer room, were disturbed
by an extraordinary noise in the
kings room. Upon entering they
found Charles sitting bolt upright
in his bed and in a much excited
state.
On asking what the noise was, the
king said he had heard no noise, but
that their entry had reused him
from an extraordinary dream. He
said that STAFFORD had stood at the
foot of his bed and implored him
not to give battle, for if he did he
would be so disastrously defeated as
to threaten his crown and even his
life.
The next morning Charles told
Prince Rupert and his generals of
his dream, but declared that he
would fight. They in vain tried to
dissuade him. In the evening news
arrived that the enemy were close at
hand. That night Charles again
dreamed the same dream. STAFFORD
warned him that it was the last time
he would try to help him.
The next morning the king led
his army out. and by sunset he had
lost cannon. baggage and four-ffths
of his troops and, as events proved,
the war as we'll.
Strafford's ghost was right. Had
Charles not met Cromwell at Nase-
by it is quite likely he would not
have met his death at WHITEHALL
Parsons Weekly.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Good Reasoning.

II don't see, madam, how you car
expect us to pay any claim under
your husbands accident policy"
"Well, you see, it was this way;
When he asked which it was, a boy
or a girl, and the nurse said that he
was the father of triplets he drop
ped. Now, his death was due to an
accident"
"How do you make that out"
cit was an accident of BIRTH
New York Press.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Womanly Wit.

A young lady whose dramatic
ability was greater than her person
al attractions called on a popular
manager with the view of obtaining
a part. The manager chatted about
the value of good looks to a woman,
ending up with, Beauty is to a wo.
man what brains are to a man."
tsThere's only one thing more valu-
able to a man than brains," said the
young lady. whats that?" asked
the manager: "Tact!" was the re.
NV , s@
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Edueatien and Spelling.

It is jolly to read among all the
contests Of spelling reformers that
we bad spoilers spell badly because
we know too much. l I'm speaking
sadly Of myself. When once you
know three or four languages-say
French, Latin, Greek and English
you can never be certain what is
the accepted way Of spelling such q
word as apartment" or address"
or even literature" And German
and Spanish make for despair. The
more languages you learn the worse
you spell your own. Which en-
courages me to spell as ! please
London Chronicle.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
atroppina . Razor.

In stropping a razor the blade
should be drawn across the strop
from the heel to the point, at the
same time going the full length of
the strop. In shaving this motion
should be reversed, the blade travel.
ing from point to heel. The reason
Of this is that the edge Of the blade
has tiny, sawlike teeth, and the OPP
posite movements use, these to the
best advantage.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Would Taks Nothing.

Mrs. Green who thinks Of hiring)
But is the girl. honest: Can she
be trusted? Mrs. Brown. the girls
former mistress need not be
in the least alarmed. She il per-
fectly honest. All the time she was
with me | never knew her to take
. thing, not even my advice as to
how things should BE done.-Boston
Transcript sSS5 I
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Just His Pace.

Professor, l know my boy is
rather slow, but in the two years
that you have had charge Of his ed
ucation he must have developed q
tendency in some direction or other.
What occupation do you suggest as
q possible outlet for his energies,
such as they are?"
"Well, sir, I think he is admira-
bly, fitted for taking moving pictures
Of q glacier. "-Exchange.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
F. m ana
Garden
FARM MANAGEMENT.
Agriculture Should 30 Handled a
the Merchant Handles q Store.
Rv ANDREW BOSS,

~ ANOu6" oSSS1
Chief of agronomy and farm management,
Minnesota agricultural experiment sta
ton.
| Farm management, in its best inter-
probation. can the application Of
progressive. scientific and business
principles to the business of farming.
The farm manager holds the same
relation t the farm and Its business
as does the business manager Of the
store or other business enterprise-that
is. he is the one responsible for the
success or failure Of the enterprise
from the financial point of view: there
fore he must know every detail of
crop growth. of cost of production. of
marketing. Of operating and of all
business transactions performed in con-
nection with the farm.
Farming is a business. and the one
who can grow the largest crops of
the best quality and at the same time
produce them at the lowest cost. sell
them at the highest price and make the
best investment of the money received
should rank as the best manager.
While farming has not commonly been
regarded as a business. the fact re-
mains that the successful financial
operation Of a farm presents even a
more complex problem and involves at
least as much business ability and tact
as are required in operating a store.
A farmer must have a knowledge of
the elements "f soil fertility. of the
principles of the movement of soil wa
ter. of soil bacteria and their action. of
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Australia.

The first civilized settlement in
Australia was made at Botany bay
in 1888 by some 1000 persons,
mostly convicts. In 1925 Moreton
Bay, New South Wales, was settled.
The settlement Of Western Austria
liza dates from 1929. Explorations
of Australia began in 1878 and have
been kept up at intervals ever since.
The greater part Of the interior of
the continent is little better than
desert, being either sand or dense
shrub or porcupine bush.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
First Handkerchief.

Pocket handkerchief is the queer.
est word in the language. At first
It was kerchief (couvre-chef), q GOV:
,seriing for the head; then it became
handkerchief, a covering for the
head carried in the hand, and al
last pocket handkerchief, a GOVERNS
for the head held in the hand and
Kept in the pocket.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Something Like ps6anes.

Daughter, when have you an,
other engagement with that young
whippersnapper?
Next Thursday, father"
aIf he comes around here before
that I'll boot him into the middle
of next week." @
81 don't think he'd object. Thai
would bring him right up to nexl
Thursday" - Louisville Courier
Journal.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Hsr oroxnup Ways.

Her GroWnup Ways.
Street Car Confederation Old
are You, little girl? 81.
Little Girl-Tm paying full farrsI
so it isn't necessary for you to asl
impertinent questions. Chicagc
News SSS 8,35 #8:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13

New Oranges For Last Quarter.
The number Of oranges organized and
reoreanixed from Oct. /. 1918. to Dec
81. 1918. both inclusive. Is 40 follows:
Organised--Callfornia. 2; Colorado.
8; Idaho. 4; Indiana. z; Iowa. \; Kan
sas. s: Massachusetts, o: Michigan. b
Missouri. Il; Montana. 4; NebraskA.99s
North Dakota. IL, New York. 10; Ohio.
o; Oregon, 4; Pennsylvania. 3;8S South
Dakota. 4: Warrington, 8 Total. M.
Observation-Disclosures II Penn.
3sylyania. 81 WIa,.shinglton.8 Total, ADJ
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
II GRANGE
Conduetsd BY
j. BARROW, Chatham, N. r., .
Editor Of the Ne,D York State Grange
ReufetU
CONNECTICUT GRANGE

CONNECTICUT GRANGE
State Master J. A. Sherwood Rs.slset-
fed-eusinsss Transacted.
The twenty. ninth annual session OF
the Connecticut state grange was held
in Hartford from Jan. Is to Is, with
large attendance. State Master ]. A.
Sherwood reported some progress In
grange work. although but two new
oranges have been organized the past
year. There had been considerable
additions to the oranges already or
ganized. He said in his opening ad-
dress that the grange should have a
distinct mission in every community
and should exert such an influence that
it would be recognized as q necessity.
The cash receipts for the year, tnclud-
ing balance on hand Jan. IA. 1913.
were $12.653.12. The expenses were
$6,573.33. Invested funds amount to
$10,266.25.
Resolutions Of various kinds were
presented and considered. and the most
important Of those adopted may be
summarized as follows: Favoring the
teaching of agriculture in the public
schools, and to that end a committee
was recommended to prepare an out.
line course in agriculture. The grange
also urged that the foundations OF
bookkeeping be taught in the common
and the high schools and that such
instruction be made compulsory. 1t
also favored the compulsory teaching
of certain essential principles Of mo-
rality in these schools. Another reso-
luton established a sort Of educational
fund for the use Of needy young mem
bers Of the Order in securing IN educa-
ton at the State Agricultural college.
Each grange is to set apart a sum
equal to 4 cents for each member each
year for this fund. The grange voted
unanimously against the free seed
distribution Of congress. The admins
tration Of Postmaster General Burle-
son was Endorsed with special refer
ence to the parcel post law.
The new w0rkmen's compensation
law came in for severe scoring. mas
much as 1t affects the farmer as an
employer. 1t was explained by an nu-
thority that the farmer could get
around it by serving certain papers.
but the grange went on record as in
opposition to it and suggested that it
be radically amended. 1t was said to
be the intention to exclude from the
provisions of the act all who did not
employ Eve or more. As a result of
the agitation over the compensation
law the following resolution relative to
farmers insurance was adopted: "That
the minimum rate Of $3.50 to the small
farmer Is an unfair discrimination and
that the executive committee be In
structed to confer with the companies
writing liability insurance and endeav-
or to secure a fair rate for the small
farmer"
Addresses were given during the SEES
sion by j. 81. Hale. Past Master George
S. Ladd Of Massachusetts, and by Mrs.
Ladd, lecturer of the Massachusetts,
state grange; Rev. F. A. Sumner OF
Milford. George B. Chandler of Rocky
Hill and others. The officers Of the
grange we're mostly reelected.
The matter of selecting a place for
the next annual meeting vas referred
to the executive committee after con-
siderable discussion. It will go either
to Waterbury or New Haven.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1914-03-13
Some Grange Notes.

~ SOsssS ID
New Jersey grangers, are beginning
early to arrange for their annual
Gloucester county grange picnic which
as usual will cover three days. Aug.
10 to IA. State Master Gaunt heads
the committee of arrangements. with
whom are associated several others.
1t is said that the exhibits OF farm
machinery and Of poultry will be
largely increased this year.
Pennsylvania state grange Is to a ~
q referendum vote next June on the
question Of woman suffrage in order to
ascertain the exact sentiment. parttcu-
larry Of the women Of the grange. The
women's vote and the mems will be
kept separate. The legislative COM
mittee Of the Pennsylvania state
grange has called for the appointment
Of a committee to inquire into state
expenditures. 1t also demands greater
powers for townships Of the second
class in the construction and main
tenance of roads. The committee went
on record as approving an annual state
appropriation Of 100000 for good
roads. It further demands that prop
erty be assessed at its actual value for
purposes of taxation. u
Several oranges and schools in JET
ferson county, N. T.. have arranged
with the College Of Forestry for \
series Of lectures by Professor job
W. 8. Stephens on various phases Of
the forestry question. 1t Is believed
that IL the people become better az,
quainted with the real situation in tn
state pertaining to q forests and our
idle lands they will be more active
In caring for what forests they now
have on their farms and will endeavor
to turn deforested tracts into produc-
tive areas. New York sends out Of the.
state every year over &~20.O00.000 for
wood to be used In IT. many Industries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
Dr.. L. G. Powers Analyses Re-
ports of Relation of Assessed
to True Value.
HOW CENSUS FIGURES
HAVE BEEN CALCULATED
Former Chief Statistician Shows As
sessments High in Ohio, Very
Low in Iowa and Illinois.

Dr- l.. 6. Powers. who has been in
charge of the compilation of many of
the census figures recently quoted in
articles IN TIL" Star on the taxation
controversy now going on in Washing
ton, today furnished reporter for
The star with Information as to how
the division of the census obtained the
results which hav" been made public.
DR. Powers. who has recently severed
his connection with the division of the
census. was, as CHIEF Statistician for
huanc" and city statistics. for eleven
NcarS IN immediate supervision Of the
ely statistics reports OF the census,
ana tho figures contained in the census
bulletins for cities having a population
of 10000 and more. so far as they re-
late to assessed valuation. ratios Of
assessed valuation to true value and
kindred subjects. as published in The
star have attracted wide attention.
DR.. Powers was asked today if while
IN Office. he had gathered more Informal
ton rcld tn I to the subject of these
ratios than has been contained in the
census reports. in view OF the tact that
the division Of the census in every one
of its volumes has stated that the
ratios specified are reported" o.. III
other words. are ratios which local
officers claim to exist
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
POVERTY IN STOCK YARDS
FROM COSTLY WEDDINGS
Chicago Investigators Also Find
Spirituous Liquors Item of Use
by Many Families.

CHICAGO. March :s-E.xpensive we'd
dings in families that can afford hut few
OF the necessities of life cause much of
the poverty in the stock yards district
of Chicago. according to a report issued
today by investigators for the University
OF Chicago settlement The investigators
Kept account of the earnings and expen-
ditures of lSt families for one year.
Elshty-eiSht of these families were Pol
ish, sixtyeisht Lithuanians and twenty
eight of mixed Municipalities. Although the
average yearly income of the 1874 families
was only Ss54.13, several of the poorer
families celebrated elaborate weddings.
costing more than SEQ
OF the lSi families observed $50 used
alcoholic liquors. The average eXrendi-
ture per family for this item was SIC ~
or II per cent of the total expenditure
The report called attention to the case
of Clara b. a Young woman whose
Of this expenditure the parents furnish ed
SOS of their own money. $50 was Dor
rowed from relatives and $50 was fur
nished by the bridegroom.
The wedding feast cost the family
1876. 1t consisted OF three dozen ducks
| five dozen chickens. wedding cake, cakes
and bread. fresh fruit. canned fruit, meat
candy and ice cream, milk and coffee
vegetables and sugar Clara rs per
Sonal expenses amounted to sos. ~.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
POLICE IN A SCRAMBLE
FOR PLACES "HIGHER UP"
More Than Half the Force Are Said
to Be Hustling for
Promotions.

A lively scramble is being made by
members of the police force for several
positions that are likely to become va
cant the next month or two. 1t is said
that more than one-half the members of
the force are seeking the promotions.
Members of Congress. numerous gov
eminent officials. business men and
friends of the Commissioners and chief
of police are being importuned by the
candidates and their friends.
Many persons seem to be iaborins
under the belief that wholesale changes
are in contemplation. said Maj. Syl-
VeSter this morning. but as matter
Of fact. there probably will not be more
than six
II is expected that two captains will
he retired. and in each case there viii
lie three promotions. All the lieutenantS
IN the precincts are candidates for the
two positions that are to be made va
cant 10y the retirements. and Lieut. j
y. Hartley. night chief of detectives, is
mentioned for one of the positions.
Friends Of Lieut.. Hartley. il is stated
are making no fight for him. thinking
his long experience at headquarters
should fit him for the position of cap
tain. 1t is possible that the positions
will be filled by competitive examina
ton and not by reason of political or
other influence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
RECORDS WERE UNFRAMED.
Discovery of Wellesley Papers
Thought to Have Been Burned.

WELLESLEY. 'aMss.. March 2S.-lm-
portant records of Wellesley College.
financial and scholastic which were
thought to have been destroyed when
College Hall was burned on March II,
were found unchanged yesterday when a
safe was opened The safe had been too
hot to touch since the fire. Members of
the senior class have begun Il movement
to eliminate the customary tinery from
the commencement exercises this year
If the idea is appro.ed by the class. the
young women will go without expensive
gowns and give the money which they
would have spent for this purpose to the
college.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
SPENDS TIME IN PRISON
MAKING LIST OF CRIMES
"Sir" Harry Westwood Cooper Ad-
mits Three Bigamous Marriages
and Many Forgeries.

OAKLAND. Cal. March SSH
| Harry Westwood Cooper. bigamist and
forger has been beguiins his prison
sentence in South Africa by making a
list of as many of his crimes as he can
remember. A copy of this record was
received yesterday by Chief Walter Pet
ersen of the Oakland police department.
who has begun proceedings to have
Cooper brought here to answer charge
of bisamy.
An outline of Cooper's autobiography
follows:
Thee bigamous marriages.
Five elopements which did not end in
marriage.
Four imprisonments, ten important for
geries and a score of smaller ones.
Cooper who says his real name ls
Charles Ernest Chadwick, began his
matrimonial career in Sydney, n. ). W.,
In 1880 \ year later he took bigamous
wife in Brisbane. Queensland. In l3O
while serving a term at San quentin
prison California. he married TesSie van
Velden. prison missionary. and Whiie
she was residing in Oakland. in 1909, ne
married Miss Anna Milbraith. an Oak
land nurse For this last alliance his
eNtraditon is sought
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1914-03-28
What Iowa Counties Do.

The data at hand show in a general
way that the counties in Iowa having
cities like those in Illinois assess their land
state as whole. Specific mention may
he made of polk county, in which Des
MoineS the state capital. is located. The
census reported the farm IaudS Of this
county IN 1910 as having vain OF s':'.-
!ai. I0l The assessors appraised TINS am,
rs worta 81. 'i:;.i;-I or per cent of the
census farm value. As the assessed value
is slightly less than onc-fourth of This
appraised value. owing ~ exceptions ol
various kinds, il is certain that the ratio
Of the assessed valuation of this land IN
the county to true value could not nave
exceeded if it equaled. IA per cent. a
careful compilation OF the record oil lano
sales such as has been mentioned above
is necessary TO accurately determine the
actual ratio for the city of Des MONIES
for all realty, but the facts stated clearly
indicate that It cannot greatly differ from
"a per cent and is thus far from the cen
sus reported rate of - per cent.
Some OF the cities in Iowa use the
county assessments as the basis for their
taxation for city purposes. One of them
uses the appraised value of the county
assessors and two of them use one-hali
VI the same This fact explains the diff
fering ratios stated in the census report
The facts contained in that report com
hined with the ratios of farm land
values ana assessed values indicate in a
general way that the per capita valua-
ton of property in Iowa cities subject u
taxation is not greatly different from that
shown in the census report for the VAri-
Gus Ohio cities. This statement is predl-
Gated uDoD a reduction of all values 10
what is probably the true Naiue OF prop
-t,- oct ia