The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1914-07-16

they mean when they speak OF Aus
tria-Hungary, and to many the words
Austria and Hungary seem inter-
changeable terms for the same coun-
try, reads the statement. .What.
then, is Austria, what is Hungary. and
why are they always bracketed to-
gether?
Three Kingdoms.
The Austrian empire is a constitu-
tional monarchy formed of three king
doms, Bohemia: Galicia and Dalmatia.
Two archduchies, Upper and Lower
austria, and collection Of duchies.
countships, and margrayes of princely
rank; all of them united in the per-
son OF the Emperor Francis joseph
me adjacent and entirely Independent
kingdom sof Hungary, 1 naddition to
Hungary proper, includes Croatia.
siavonia and Pennsylvania, countries
formerly independent, but now.
through tntermarriage, CONQUEST and
inheritance, all possessions Of the;
Apostolic king Of Hungary, VINO nan
pens by a purely historic chance Ia
be also sovereign of the emnire of
austria. The possession of unifying
llnk IN the person Of their comomn
ruler has led to the Augleich. or
compromise whereby the two coun-
tries, Tor mutual convenience. have
agreed to join forces in amintaintns
Joint diplomatic and naval and mill
tary services. Beyond this the two
countries are entirely Independent.
each having its own constitution. leg,
islature and administration.
NO country in Europe, except onlv
hungary, contains within its borders
SO many diverse nations and tongues
SINE Austrian empire. Each of the
three great ethnic stocks of Europe Is
represented-the Latin, the German
and the Slav, with the latter predom-
mating, as to. 1t belong fifteen out of
the twenty-six million people infant
tating the empire. The Hungarian mr.
more properly, the Magyar, is perhans
the keenest patriot in Europe. and he
manifests his enthusiasm by seeking
70 Imposeto impose his language and
customs upon his Siavonic fellow
citizens with a persistence that neith-
er opposition nor passive resistance
can diminish.
Religious Beliefs.
In these lands, so mixed In nation-
ality and language, there is no less a
variety OF religion; Roman Catholics
preponderate, but Greek Orthodox.
Uniat Greeks. Lutherans, Calvinists
Jews and even Armenian Greeorians
are found within their borders. The
customs-unton between Austria and
Hungary has rendered these countries
commercial unit; but, roughly
speaking, Hungary is the AGRICULTURAL
and pastoral country, while Austria
Is Industrial. Hungary is also the
richest country in Europe In mineraf
deposits, the range of which is sin
gulafly wide. Austria is, after Switz-
erland, the most mountainous region
m Europe, more than four-fifths OF
ner vast territory being over 600 feet
above sea level Notwithstanding
IS the great national game, like base
ball In the United States. Old, young.
middle-aged, all take keen interest
IN 1t. Even Emperor Francis Joseph
ID an enthusiastic mountaineer at
more than so years Of age. In his
time he has scaled most OF the great
peaks Of his country.
Vienna, the imperial city, the cap
ital OF Austria, owns her own electric
and gas light, street railways and
omnibuses, ice manufacturing plant.
warehouses, stock yards, brewery
wine cellar, all the pawnshops and
even the undertaking establishments.
Budapest the capital of Hungary, for
merly two cities, Buda and Pest. Ia
Paris. Vienna and London in one. a
combination of the ravefia. ~ ~.
capitals OF the world. with little dis
tincttve Hungarian paprica spice
thrown in.
Even in the remotest corners of
Austria-Hnngary the strong arm Of
the law is ever present, the river
stretches and the back country being
policed by heavily armed constab.
ulary."