davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1914-07-19

before a temple door. And while the SUBJ
ject of Buddhas is discussed it is in
teresting to note that in the japanese col
lection of the museum is an ancient stone
god, thickly incrusted ith gold and ear
ing a precious gem in its forehead, which
archeologists believe to be one of the
earliest specimens. The face Of the stone
god is one like the sphynx and 1t is in
deed a relic of some long-forgotten time.
The hands are clasped as in prayer. an
unusual attitude. since most of the Budd-
has have one hand resting in their laps
and the other raised in an attitude Of
caution.
Near these are Burmese sacred book
known as 'Tripitaka." book of prayer
which achieves its name from the fact
that it is made from three baskets of
palm leaves. The writing is in a faded ink
upon the leaves of the palms. which are
fastened together by a cord. The covers
of the book are two circular pieces of
wood. and it is so arranged that the
palm leaves can be drawn in these COW
Evening star., 1914-07-19

A Variety of Idols
From the Seven Seas.
Unsolved Mysteries
Connected With Carv-
ed Pieces of Wood and
Stone - The Queer
Gods From Easter Is
land-A Collection of
Buddhas - The God
With Four Hands
From Ceylon - The
Korean PRAYER Wheel.
Evening star., 1914-07-19
No Competition.

A PROPOS of an unhappy scandal in
1 \ finance, Thomas w. Lawson. at a
luncheon at his home near Boston, said
to a group of young brokers':
Young men, l advise you to try to be
good rather than great. You'll have less
competition"
Evening star., 1914-07-19

ROM the g e V e n
seas rom the
frozen north and
the torrid south
and the lit I'll e.
known places Of
the orient-the au-
thorities of the
National Museum
have collected a
variety of i d o g
which give the
devotee an Oppor-
Evening star., 1914-07-19

citizen uncomfortable from a physical
standpoint There is no real incentive
with the exception of whatever individual
ambition one may possess. for a person in
New Zealand to make success in life as
measured BY the common worldly con-
ception of that word.
1t is not necessary for one here to lay
up store of savings for old age. He is
assured that the government will look
after his wants when he has passed that
time In life when he Is no longer capable
of earning a livelihood by his own eff
forts The requirements as to deserva-
bility are not hard to comply with
II man or woman of moderate means
here does not look forward in the ex-
pectation of obtaining an old age pen
sion when the descent of hfe's pathway
begins. the government offers other op-
portunities for obtaining living without
any great effort on the part of the de-
pendent person.
There are several classes of direct and
indirect pensions here. That which comes
under the old age pension act is per
naps the most interesting. At the close
of the year 1913 there were 1850 old
Evening star., 1914-07-19

"
D terror of poverty
and the consequent
sufferings e xis t s
among the people
of New Zealand.
T h e government
exercises a faithful
and careful guard
a gainst many Of
the conditions and
things that might
tend to make the
lot of its humblest
Evening star., 1914-07-19

of salary: forty and under forty-hve
years of age. per cent OF salary Lofty
cent of salary; fifty years of age and
over, 10 per cent of salary
*
If one withdraws from public service
the contribution that he has made to this
fund is returned to him. The total num-
ber of contributors to the fund December
p, 1872, was 1O,O27 and the amount that
they paid in during that year was s549.-
40. The total number of pensioners was
6S3. the total amount they received per
annum being $26l 1925. The total amount
of the fund was 81, ,167, 1856. which was in
vested with the public trustee of the gov
ernment.
At the close of 1912 there were 378 per-
sons drawing pensions from the teachers
superannuation fund. and at that time the
total number of contributors to this fund
was 3641, the annual amount paid In by
them being more than 100000. The total
amount of this fund at the end of 1872
was $1,072.94O
The government railways superannua-
ton fund had total of 9.94S contrlbu-
tors March 81. 1913, and at that date there
were LIST persons drawing pensions. The
payments they received aggregated $3la-
O15 annually. The total amount Of this
fund was 81 .649, $50. The pensions of the
teachers are commuted on
the basis of one-sixtieth of the total sal
aries received during the years Of contri-
button and one-one-hundred-a d-and-tWentl-
eth of the total salaries received during
service between January l, 1878. and JAN
uary 1, 1906. with the maximum pension
of 500 per annum.
The pension of the retired employees
OF the government railroad system is one
sixtieth Of the annual amount which
each individual receives for every year
of service The retiring age. however,
for these employees is sixty years for
both men and women. In the case of
Evening star., 1914-07-19

teachers their services need not be con.
tinuous. and no pensions are granted te
them on retirement for ill health unless
the service exceeds fifteen years. Con-
tributions of the teachers and railway
employees superannuated funds are based
on ages similar to that Of the contribu-
tors to the public service approximation
fund.
In still further pursuance of its general
policy Of taking care of the people of
New Zealand and providing financial and
other paternalistic benefits, the govern
ment established what is known as the
national provident fund in 1911. The act
creating this department., as 1t may bt
called, is one of the most SociallStlc OF
all the legislation now in force here 1t
contains features that are different from
the provident systems of other countries.
1t is the opinion of some men who have
analyzed the scheme that it Is destined
eventually to involve the government in
serious financial difficulty unless the act
is amended in several respects. Its spe-
cial purpose is to provide for pensions or
annuitieS in old age. and this main Tea
ture is supplemented by benefits for the
protection of the people from birth to old
age The law is administered by branch
of the government separate from that OF
the pension department. the minister OF
finance being at its head. The provldent
plan of insurance is available to any per-
son between the ages of sixteen and for
ty-five years residing In New Zealand
and whose average income during the
previous three years to the time of max
ing application for its benefits has not
exceeded $1,000 per annum-
The applicant does not have to undergo
any medical examination. and all that
he has to do to become a participant in
the fund is to fill in a form at postal
money order office and pay a first weekly
contribution. The benefits as designated
in the law are as follows:
After twelve months in the fund pay
ment not exceeding $50 for medical at
Evening star., 1914-07-19
1VW LGd IdHU-
June %, 1914.

Seecial Correspondence Of The Star.
WELLINGTON, New Zealand
Evening star., 1914-07-19

1t is stated that not all the men and
women who are receiving pensions of
the government were in needy circum-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
Drought and Moisture

When water gets scarce throw
away your watering pot, or rather
your sprinkling pot. At such a time
Il is a to the life OF the
Sewers when In the hands Of the
novice who "scatters pearly drops
upon tho flowers stalks and gives the
- ots zone.
Remember that when water is
scarce that the spade or hoe can do
wonders when In the hands Of the
energetic person who knows how to
use these tools.
Deeply dug soil retains moisture
far longer than That stirred to a shall
low depth.
Keep the surface soil loose and
light, giving the plants a surface or
dust mulch with a sharp hoe.
Mu1ches of all kinds are beneficial
fallen leaves, weeds pulled from the
garden, lawn clippings, refuse from
the barnyard.
Potted plants should be thoroughly
watered so that the heart Of the roots
receive its share Of moisture. Bedded
plants, however, can exist without
watering but If you give them any
give them plenty.
The lawn should never be "sprin-
killed." but If possible let the hose
run on 1t for hours after sunset. I'm
less n has an unlimited supply Of
water do not water the lawn but save
the water for the beds, borders and
vegetable gardens.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
Battling With Insects

The currant worm, working with
equal relish upon either currant or
~gooseberry bush, always works up
ward.
AS soon as the first lower leaves are
attacked, sprinkle the bushes with
white hellebore when they are wet
with dew and the pest will 0 be
routed. While the antidote is poison
there Is no danger Al the fruit il
small at this time and 1t will he
washed by many rains before tho fruit
is ripe. You can give 1t an additional
rinsing when preparing for use to de-
stroy all prejudice agaist h drug.
There are two or three broods during
the summer. Be sure that you are
ready to receive each colony In the
proper manner.
It Is said that II tho birds were
wiped out Of existence. In ten years
time the Insects would be master OF
the earth, converting It into a leaf.
less tract.
The birds will. II we permit. main
tain the balance In our favor. But
many of them thrive in spite OF rather
than with our cooperation.
The vast majority Of our summer
residents are insect ~destroyers. Some
sven picking our potato bugs II we
but allow.
Plant evergreens to induce the birds
to come early and stay late. This
class Of trees form the best protection
from the storm.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28

The two principal causes Of failure
in growing alfalfa have been poor
preparation Of the seed bed and tho
lack of incubation. A decided i'm
provement, however. is noticeable in
tho cultural methods practiced by
farmers at the present time. and in
practically all cases where new seed
ings are being made, some means are
taken of securing an incubation Of
nitrogen fixing bacteria. Among other
important causes Of failure are acid
soils. light infertile soils, poorly
drained soils. the use of nurse crops.
and in case of late seedlings. winter
The particular type Of soil does not
appear to be Of much importance. but
soils that are shallow by q OF
the water table or rock formation
near the surface and very light infer
tile soils should be avoided. Farmers
on light sandy soils should seed on
their best land and may need to take
some special means of building up
the fertility Of the soil. Farmers in
the better agricultural sections should
on their higher land because this
land Is most in need Of improvenen t;
because the alfalfa as a rule is pro-
ductive ON high land and because the
soil most productive with corn and
other crops Is left for the growing Of
these crops.
Alfalfa should not be seeded after
a grass sod but may follow a Guilt
waited or small grain crop. The prep
aration of the seed bed should be
thorough and extend over o period
of several weeks, 80 as to secure a
Arm and finely pulvertzed seed bed
in which the weeds and weed seeds
have been as completely eradicated as
possible.
The presence Of nitrogen fixing bac-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
CATTLE FOODS.

Beef can be produced in Nebraska
at a lower cost and with greater profit
on a combination Of the corn plant
and alfalfa hay than on any other
combination Of foods available in the
state. According to experiments car
ried on at the university farm of
Nebraska, corr silage is worth SO per
cent more a ton than shredded corn
slower (stalks) when each Is fed with
corn meal and alfalfa. Corn slower.
however, has a value so per cent as
great as prairie hay, and the portion
consumed is fully as valuable. Prairie
hay at Its usual market price Is not
proflta BILE for fattening cattle.
In growing calves to be fattened
for the market, the cheapest gains
were found to be made or a liberal
ration of corn silage and alfalfa with
out grain, the cost of grains increas-
ing in proportion to the noun Of
corn meal fed,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
THE WORLDS SUPPLY
OF LIVE STOCK

Statistics Of the world supply of
live stock are incomplete, but ex-
tremely interesting nevertheless. Large
areas Of Africa are unrepresented; the
number Of animals in China, Persia.
A%fgranistan. Korea, Bolivia, Ecuador.
Salvador, and several less important
countries is not accurately known; for
Brazil the number of cattle alone ia
estimated. In general, statistics of
cattle, horses. sheep, and swine are
much more complete than those Of
| other animals, as statements for the
world. In some countries the lates.
available data relate to numbers sew
eral years ago.. Keeping in view these
deficiencies In data, estimates OF the
approximate number of live stock in
the world, SO far as information is
available. are Of great interest.
Sheep seem to be the most numer-
Gus of the large animals of the world,
with a total of about $50, 100000 head.
Australia ranks first, with about 49,
600, 900; Argentina second with ST.
900, 900; United States third, with
about $1,000, 900; European Russia
and Asiatic Turkey each have approx
imately As, 900, 900; Great Britain with
27, 900, 900, has more sheep in pro-
portion to its area than any other
important nation.
The number Of cattle estimated,
about 100000, 900. although smaller
than that Of sheep. Is much more i'm
portant, owing to their larger size. In
total number Of cattle, British India
ranks first, with 81, 100000 Cincluding
buffalos and buffalo calves): the
United States ranks second, with
about 10000, 900; Russia third, with
about $4,000 900: Argentina and Brazil
each have about 10000, 900; Germany
about 2O,000,0 900; Austria Hungary 49,
900, 900; France $4,000, 900; and the
United Kingdom 100000. Tho pro-
portion of the total number OF cattle
which is beef cattle, work cattle, OF
mich COWS has not been estimated.
The United States Is preeminent as
a swine-producing nation, being cred
tied with approximately $4,000, 900
head out Of a world supply of less
than $50. 900, 900; Germany ranks sec
ond, with about $4,000. 900; European
Russia has about II, 0 900: France.
100000; Austria. 5000, 900; Hun
gary, 1000, 900. No other country Is
credited with as many as 5000, 900.
Horses aggregate about $4,000, 900;
European Russia and the United
between 10000, 900 and $4,000, 900
head; Argentina has about 100000
Asiatic Russia 10 credited with about
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28

1000. 900; Germany about 100000;
France 5000, 900; the United King
dom 2,o0o,0oo: Austria Ind Hungary
each about 2.0o0.o00
OF the $500. 900 mules that are es-
timated in the world. moro than half
are in the United States; no other
country is credited with 1000, 900;
Spain comes nearest, with about S1o.-
900.
These numbers aggregate about
1,26O,000,000 in the entire world,
while the number Of people in the
world Ia estimated at about 1900, 000,-
900; or about so per cent as many
domestic animals " people In the
world.
These statistics do not indicate that
as population becomes more dense
there Is a necessary decrease in live
stock. There Is a sense in which 1t
is true that the live stock per capita
decreases. It Is in the early history
Of a country when the population IL
small and extensive systems of live
stock production largely constitute
the agriculture of the country. In
such instances population frequently
increased more rapidly than live stock.
When. however, the conditions de-
mand the esta blishment Of intensive
forms Of agriculture 1t appears, as In
Germany, France. Denmark, Holland.
Italy, and the British Isles. that there
Is a tendency, with but few exceptions,
for live stock per capita to increase
rather THAI decrease.-H. Mumford,
in American Breeders Magazine
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
EEDIN YOUNG CHICKS.

we do not feed little chicks before
they are W days old. but from tho
beginning give them water. During
this period the hen Is given her food
out of reach Of the little ones. The
first feeds are given sparingly every
two hours. and are usually wet
mashes.
After the third day, we feed some
Of the cracked grains. a little at .
time. till. at the end Of the NTH or
sixth day, we are giving only two
feeds a day Of the mash. and three
feeds of the cracked grain. Occasion
ally we give a little whole wheat. and
by the end Of eight weeks we are feed
ing most OF the grains whole. II tho
chicks are unable to get worms or In
sects in sufficient quantities. they
must be supplied with a substitute,
such as milk or beef scraps. Green
feed is given in the form Of finely
chopped lettuce, q piece Of potato or
turnip or mangel when they are not
able to run outside on the grass
c. e. Brown.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
TO KILL BLIGHT AND BEETLE
BY f. srANDsrEN.

The rapid development Of spraying
among orchardists and gardeners has
created a demand for specialized
spraying machines and there are sew
eral machines adapted to potato
spraying now on the market.
The best machines have tank or air
chambers with safety valves for reg
ulating the pressure by which the mix
ture IL returned automatically 70 the
tank when an excess OF pressure n
reached.
The power Of the pump should be
sufficient to force the mixture through
at least ~ single noEsles and main
tanned at a constant pressure.
Facilities for regulating pressure
should always be demanded by the
buyer. as he may wish to use the
machine early In the aso for paris
green at low pressure and later for
bordeaux under high pressure.
Too great emphasis cannot be laid
upon the precaution Of carefully
spraying with spray mixture. All
machines should be provided with
for spraying. including q
guaxe strainer owe the large opening
to the tank.
Gauze strainers, which can be re-
placed when desired. should be fast
ened over all suction pipes leading
to the pump. In machines where
the pump is mounted outside the tank
a guaze strainer should be placed
over the pipe. feeding the pump.
The mixture should never feed to
a large opening of the pump without
passing through q strainer. This is
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28

It is a rather dark worm, an inch
or inch and a half long, and often
striped. The colors and markings
vary but always 1t is naked and some
what greasy looking. like some OF the
common cut worms.
When infesting corr 1t eats Its way
along within the husk. ~devouring the
young and tender kernels and some OF
the silk, and filing the cavity with
excrement.
On cotton the worms become trou-
blesome after corn has become so
mature that the kernels are no longer
'in the milk" A hole is bored into
the boil, and the worm feeds more or
less within.
Green tomatoes are attacked In
much the same fashion: and so are
the buds, fower-stalks and s~eed-pods
Of tobacco.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28

There are two or three generations
OF the worms in the course of a sum
mer. but for the purpose of extermina-
ton, the last one before winter comes,
is the most important.
No matter on what plant the worm
has been at work, after it has COM
pleted its growth it descends to the
ground and goes beneath the surface
of the soil to transform to a chrysalis.
getting ready to issue later as an
adult moth. AS 1t works its way down
into the ground the worm fills the
hole behind it with earth. But once
at a depth of three or four inches,
1t turns n makes a short. open gal
lery. part way to the surface. Then
1t retires to the bottom Of this and
soon has entered the pupal stage. In
which it remains until made over into
a moth. The open gallery toward the
surface Is provided SO the moth can
get out. Soft bodied. tender. and
without means Of digging far. the
newly emerged adult moth needs his
provision for it's safe start In life. The
pupa remains all winter in the gallery
thus provided. emerging as q moth in
the spring.
Send a pillow through the field in
late fall and the carefully made exit
galleries are destroyed. The pupa is
buried beneath solid earth, which
later Is compacted by winter or spring
rains. When the season arrives for
the moths to come out, they are eff
~fectually imprisoned and never reach
the surface to lay eggs and start the
life cycle once more.
1t does not follow hat it is always
feasible or possible to fall plow a field
that has suffered from the ravages Of
this pest, whether the attack has en-
tired on orn cotton. tobacco. or to-
matoes. Weather conditions or the
demands of crop rotations may make
1t out Of the question. But If 1t can
be done, there is much to be gained
by 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
DEATH TO POULTRY IN SALT.

An instance Is told of a woman who
had by mistake put salt into a cake
Of sugar. She thought there
was no danger in throwing this out
to the poultry, but 1t caused the death
OF every bird she possessed.
This does not mean a slight portion
of salt. such as may occur in bread
making, would produce serious injury.
If salt is thus deadly to poultry, the
question may arise, may 1t not be in
to man when used excessively.
Salt eating is usually a habit. Many
people eat salt to excess lust what
effect salt eating in excess may have
upon the human system is not fully
known. 1t is not impossible it may
something to do with cancerous
and other dreaded diseases.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
Ffre-hghttng crew equipped with water buckets, fire shields, sh
ack waheG-bag. and two types of horse-psck water-bags

and has an opening at the top with
leather funnel and wooden mouth
piece for filling and Is equipped with
a short hose and sprinkling nozzle
for the application of water.
An asbestos fire shield is very help
full, especially with the shoulder-pack
water bag. since it permits the fire.
man to work close to the fame and to
apply water effectively without great
discomfort or real injury to the eyes.
The shield has a small aperture near
the upper end glazed over with mica,
which allows the fireman to note the
progress of his efforts.
The ordinary chemical e%xtinguisher,
however efficient in house fires, falls
short Of the requirements for forest
fires. To meet the objections Of this
device, a new shoulder-pack chemical
equipment was made, which has been
found of great value in fighting fires.
With this apparatus only a small
amount Of gas-impregnated water is
needed. The operator can slightly
rotate the valve and bring into con-
tact a partial opening of the water
conduit and a full opening of gas.
This apparatus grew out of the need
for economizing, water. Carbonic-acid
gas alone is extremely antogonistic to
fire. and with the rotating valve and
doubie-hose arrangement, the range
can economic the water supply by
fighting the fire with gas alone until
the gas is very nearly exhausted. He
can then use a smaller or greater
proportion of water at his pleasure.
and when the pressure has fallen be-
low its efficiency for gas application.
he can supply the remaining water.
slightly impregnated with gas. These
appliances are proving a wonderful
help to forest rangers in helping to
save our national forests from destruc-
ton by fire.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-07-28
SAVE THE BIRDS.

The Audubon Society is doing a
great work in arouslng public senti-
ment against the slaughter of birds
and the various states are rapidly
passing laws protecting them. In
some instances entire species of birds
have been wiped out. Among them Is
the snowy heron of the South whose
beautiful plumes supply the costly
aigrettes so fashionable on women's
hats. AS these plumes bring from s25
to $40, wholesale men are willing to
risk imprisonment by violating the
law in shooting them. Every farmer
ought to post notices on his land alb
solutely forbidding my person to
shoot ove it. Putting aside all ques-
ton Of sentiment it is a plain method
Of business precaution and protection.