The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-11-24
SCRAPS OF PAPERP

SCRAPS OF PAPER?
Some or the Obligations OF Bciitscrents
in Time Of war.
From the serer1i conrentions Of The Hague
WAR ON LAND.
l. The Inhabitants of a territory which
has not been occupied. who. on the ap-
proach OF tho enemy. spontaneously take
up arms to resist the invading troops
without having had time to organize
themselves shall be regarded as bellieer-
ents II they carry arms openly and IL they
respect tho laws and customs of war.
2. Prisoners OF war must be humanity
treated. All their personal belongings
except arms. horses and military papers.
remain thor property
3. The state may utilize the labor q.
prisoners of war according TO their rank
and aptitude, officers excepted. The
tasks shall not be excessive and shall
have no connection with the operations
of the war
4. The right OF belligerents to adopt
means OF injurlng the enemy is not un-
limited.
8. II is especially forbidden.
~ fUlHtbJ IIoJtNliltt VI IndiSIlstl
calculated to cause unnecessary suffering
To make improper use Of the national
Tag or OF The military insignia or uni
form OF the enemy. as well as the dis
-lnctlve badges of the Geneva Conven-
ton:
To destroy or seize tho enenys prop
erty unless such destruction or seizure
be imperatively demanded 10y the necessi-
ties OF war.
9. The attack or bombardment, by
whatever means. OF towns, villages.
dwellings or buildings which are unde-
Tended Is prohibited.
:. The officer in command OF an at
lacking force must. before commencing a
bombardment except In cases OF as
sault. do all In his power TO warn tho
authorities.
2 In s!eges and commandments Nil
necessary steps must be taken to spare.
as far as possible. buildings dedicated to
religion, art science or charitable pur-
poses. historic monuments hospitals. and
places whore the sick and wounded are
collected, provided that they are not being
used AT the time for military purposes
II T. the duty of the beseged to indicate
tho presence of such buildings or places
by distinctive and visible signs. which
SHdIl pe noll0ed 10 Vne enemy DelOTenaHu
Q. The ptllace of town or place even
when taken by assault, IL prohibited
TO- A person can only he considered
spy whT. acting clandestinely or on
false pretences he obtains or endeavors
to obtain information IN the zone Of
operations Of belligerent. with the !nten-
zion OF communicating II TO tho hostile
party.
II Il "a forbidden to compel the IN
habitants Of occupied territory TO swear
allegiance to tho hostile Power
~ Family honor and rights. the lives
OF persons. and private property. as wei
as religious convictions and practices,
must be respected.
Private property cannot he confscated.
IS Plllage ia formally forbidden
~ n IN tho territory occupied the
occupant collects the taxes dues and tolls
imposed for the benefit Of the state he
shall do 50. as far rs II possible. In nc
cordance with the rules OF assessment and
incidence in force, and shall In conse-
qucnce he bound to defray the expenses
OF the occupied territory TO the same
extent as tie legitimate Government was
90 bound.
10 r. IN addition 20 tho taxes men
toned above. the occupant levies othe,
money contributions in the occupied terri
tory, This shall only No for the needs OF
the army or ~ the administration OF the
| territory In question.
10 No general penalty. pecuniary OF
otherwise. shall be inflicted upon the
! population on account Of the acts OF in
| dividuals for which they cannot he re-
rurded as jointly and severally responsi-
| bic
-. Submarine cables connecting or
occupied territory with n neutral territory
! shall not he seized or destroyed except in
| TIE case Of absolute necessity
is The property OF municipalities, that
! o' institutions dedicated 10 religion. char
/ ity and education. the arts and sciences
| even when state property. shall b,
! treated as private property.
I All seizure OF. destruction or vtlfu
| damage done 10 institutions Of this char
actor. historic monuments. works of ar
! and science is forbidden and should b,
! made the subject OF legal proceedings.
THE RroHrs oy NrrrrALs
/ The territory Of neutral Powers 81
| !DViola bic
Ia 2 Relllgerents are forbidden 20 NOV,
| troops or conveys OF either munitions o
war or supplies across the territory OF {
| neutr n Power
3 The fact OF neutral Power resist
ing. even by force. attempts 10 violate IL
neutrality cannot be regarded as "a hostil
| act.
WAR on SEA.
l. II is forbidden to lay unanchore
automatic contact mines except whe