davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

month in wages. The amount of the
death benefit varies from 500 to $500,
and is also sometimes computed ac-
cording to the length of service previous
to death.
In very few concerns there are CO.
operative associations for savings sim
liar to cooperative banks, or plans for
the purpose Of cooperative buying. All
OF the above plans are only makcshifts.
Some have been attempted in sincerity
and honesty and some to forestall re-
quests for wage increases. Whatever
the motive Of the employers, they have
had little effect in securing the results
desired by their originators.
Many so-called profit sharing plans
are only schemes to sell stock TO the
employee. To note some OF the most
important plans in operation, one OF
our largest corporations sells common
and preferred stock slightly under tn,
market price to employees who have
been Ave years in service. 1t does not
guarantee the employee against loss in
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

other hand, sometimes the employees
support the plan entirely alone.
All are encouraged to Join and some
employers contribute a graduated
amount according to the number OF EN-
ployees who join the association. The
assessments are paid by the employees
themselves or withheld from the pay.
The amount OF assessment generally
varies from Ia per cent. to Ia per
cent. Of the monthly wage.
Sick and accident benefits are paid
after ten days IL the association doctor
approves. The amount varies from one
dollar a day. for not less than two weeks
or more than twenty-siN weeks, to
larger amounts. For different kinds of
sickness and accidents the amount paid
varies with the ma ,ure of the sickness
or accident. A larger amount Is paid
for accidents incurred while in perform
ance of duty than for accidents encoun-
tered while off duty. Benefits are not
paid for accidents or sickness due to in
toxicating liquors, unlawful or immoral
acts.
Death benefits are generally paid to
those who have been two years In SER
vice and who are over Fl years old and
have received not more than 5000 pei
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

value, as does another similar plan,
and there has been suspicion in the
minds OF many that the stock has some
times been sold to employees just before
1t was evident that the market value
was about to decline.
In this plan, as in number Of other
similar ones adopted by large corpora
lions, the corporation will buy stock for
the employee on receipt Of only a small
deposit. The employee pays for the
stock in instalments, and pays interest
on the unpaid balance. He also re-
ceives dividends. and the lnstalments
with the set amount left from dividends
after deducting interest. are applied tn
completing the purchase Of stock.
Certificates are not given until fully
paid for. In several cases the certifi-
Gates are not given until the end OF
two, three or five years. At that time
bonus is paid of 81 or s. per share OF
preferred, or SO per share OF common
The amount of stock to be sold Is In
several cases limited to the amount OF
yearly wage or salary.
Probably the oldest pan with pro-
| visions similar to those given above is
that of a prominent soap manufacture
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

ployer is considered good reason for
earring the employee from the bene-
fits, and one company is so paternalistic
that II provides that employees who
marry while receiving less than 800
month shall be liable to dismissal
and forfeiture Of all rights in pension
fund except to receive back their con-
tributions.
The objection to most pension plans
Is that the reward is too remote to
have any great effect on our ambition,
loyalty or enthusiasm, and in many
cases only or per cent. remain In
the service long enough TO benefit In
one case known to me over per cent.
of the employees fail to remain in the
service OF the concern for two years.
Another objection is that when the
employee does try to finish out the re-
quired period his initiative and ambition
are practically lost. A friend OF mine
who is almost eligible for a pension from
one Of the large express companies is
an example OF the deadening effect on
ambition and initiative II the employer
is wise he will try to increase initiative
rather than to stife 1t.
Pension plans may be valuable IL they
are Joined with more tangible. less re-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14
REAL PROFIT SHARING NEXT STEP FORWARD IN LABOR WORI

mote plans for rewarding individual
merit. Even at best, however, pension
plans do not get to the heart of the
question.
Among the attempts to conciliate
labor employers have tried many insur-
ance plans. These go under different
names, such as mortuary funds, mutual
benefit or aid societies, benevolent as
sociations, accident and relief plans,
sick benefit funds, group insurance, &c.
To be eligible the applicant must be
over sixteen years old, must have been
in employ at least three months and
must pass a physical examination by a
specially designated doctor before he can
become a member Of these associa tons
In case Of sickness, accident or death
one Of the specially designated doctors
must be notified and his approval Sc
cured before the benefits are paid. The
funds for these associations are sup
piled by the employees and the en-
ployer both, but the employees more
often contribute the largest part, even
as much as three-fourths. On the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

concerns. A large bank in New York,
however. pays pensions after two years
service and the amount paid is gradu-
ated for longer service. In another
case a pension Is given after ten Yeas
of continuous service IL the employee Is
incapacitated by reason OF injuries re-
ceived while on duty. The pension is
usually paid to the employee himself,
and except in one important concern
American corporations allow the pen.
sioner to engage in other occupations.
In several cases the pension Is con-
tlnued to widow or dependents, but in
smaller amounts.
The amount Of the pension often
varies with the length of service. A
good example of this Is where the
amount paid is 2 per cent. of the yearly
wage for each year Of service. A COM
mon method Is to pay 1 per cent. Of
the average monthly wage for the ten
years previous to retirement. 1t is
usual to put a minimum and maximum
limit to the amount Of the pension.
Misconduct in the eyes of the en-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14
Keenest Business Men Devoting More
Attention to Human Elements in
Production Than to the Mechanical

ing corporation. It's plan was estab-
lished in 1887 and after several changes
the present one was adopted. Some
variances from the provisions just men
toned are that besides a dividend on
stock the employee gets 16 per cent.
bonus per annum on his wages. This
bonus is applied to paying for stock in
full. When the stock is fully paid for
the dividends and bonus are paid in
cash.
After five years of service the en-
ployee is entitled to subscribe for rs pei
cent. additional stock and to receive a
bonus at the rate of 20 per cent. of the
amount of his annual wages. After ten
years of service he can subscribe for q
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

upon ms at the point of French bay
onets"
Upon every recurring 10Th Of June a
a solemn mass OF the dead Is sung at
the aristocratic and historic church of
Santa Brigida, in Mexico city, in mem
DRY of the Emperor MACMILLAN, of Gen.
Tomas Mejia, and OF Gen. Ramon Mir
anon. The nave is draped with crepe,
and the congregation, composed Of MEM
bers of many leading families-some of
them with pronounced Republic convic-
tions--attend attred in deep mourning.
The first public announcement OF
Maximillian's violent death was made
on June 20, when the Queretaro news
paper. La SOmbrd de Arted0d contained
a short paragraph, setting forth the bare
facts unaccompanied by any editorial
comment. The journal was printed
upon paper Of a red hue.
1t was not until June 80, however,
eleven days after the execution, that a
full statement appeared In any foreign
paper; the world was then Mortified, and
the act universally condemned. In
France the announcement Occasioned
something like CONSERVATION, and both
the Emperor Napoleon and the Empress
Eugene were made the subjects OF bit
ter reproach and much hostile comment
even in the columns Of the patriotic
press. The great Exhibition Of Paris
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

further % per cent. of stock and re-
ceive bonus Of - per cent. on his an
nual wages.
Another notable plan is now operat-
ing in both New England and New York
city. BY this plan all the stock is sold
| to a few employees. 1t is really not a
| profit sharing plan at all, but allows
| these few employees to buy the business
! out OF earnings. The owner takes the
| notes of these men and is further Sc
cured by life insurance policies on the
| life Of each man, the premiums being
paid out Of earnings. When the profits
have paid for the business in full at an
| agreed upon price the fun control and
| ownership passes to the few men who
have managed the business.
Within a year or two a plan has been
adopted by "A New England manufac-
.turer employing 1900 men which gives
| n-transferab.e stock to employees re-
ceiving more than 500 a month. This
Is known as the Dennison plan. The
amount given is proportional to yearly
wages and comes from the net profits
after deducting charges on the preferred
| stock, which the owners took for them
selves. This limits the number par
icipating to about 10 per cent. OF the
total number of employees.
| The stock is called industrial part
| nership stock" and can be held only by
an employee He cannot sell it, but
when leaving the employ of the con-
Germ II must be turned back to the COM
pany and will be paid for in cash. The
stock is really common stock and has
voting power. The employee receives
the dividends on his stock according To
the profits earned
| This is a step nearer to real proft
sharing than the plans which sell stock.
| The chief objection to ii by Some is
that 1t does not include a large enough
| proportion OF the employees. If IL was
! amended so as to also include every
family head employed, irrespective of
the wage, | think this plan might be
the best of all.
Still another plan, different from those
already mentioned, provides for pay
ment of bonus graduated according to
length of service. Sometimes it is paid
In stock and sometimes in cash. plan
not in operation, but proposed. would
fix certain percentage of profit that a
corporate could earn on the wages
paid to employees. If the profits ex-
coed this fixed percentage the excess
would be divided equally between en-
ployers and employees. This could be
accomplished by means of preferred
participating stock for employer and
common participating stock for en-
ployee.
OF all plans the most talked about
because of their recent adoption, are
those of the Ford Motor Company and
the Farr-Alpaca Company. The plan
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

which to found successful profit shar-
ing? / am sure that any plan to be
permanently successful must increase
the profits to be shared or the RESPONSE
bility assumed by the workmen, When
the workers are assured that the d.
vision will be fair they will work to in
crease the profits. Certainly any plan
which tends 10 decrease production or
increase waste will not succeed.
The struggle for years has been and
now Is to get a fair share for the
worker, and the matter OF increasing
production and lessenng waste does
not receive from the workingman the
attention II deserves. When we get
what we consider a fair share we work
for these things and consequently in
crease the total profits upon which our
share depends.
Some think that labor will demand
and get share in the profits without
sharing the losses. To-day, without a
hand in the management, this is only
just, because profit sharing is not a
commercial partnership. The risks OF
injury and OF loss Of employment which
are borne by the worker are now greater
than the risks taken by capital.
When our labor unions realize the real
principles OF profit sharing and see
some tangible result to workingmen
from increased production and increased
wealth, and not until then, they will
become enthusiastic pushers Of eff
ficency methods instead of opposing
them as they do now. Some day labor
will be shown the books and will then
be the aggressive party in seeking
profit sharing plans. While demanding
an increasing share OF the total profits
we all will be working to Increase that
total. In other words, to have any
profit sharing plan a success 1t must
first win the confidence of all of US
employers and employees.
To turn to the present day plans OF
pensions, insurance and profit sharing,
l will outline the various classes as
they naturally separate themselves.
Pension plans are the most common
railroads having established them more
than other Industries
Pensions are most generally given to
males over 65 years OF age and females
| over So years. These people can volun-
| tarily retire at that age, but at So or
| 20 years of age the retirement Is often
made compulsory. In some cases pen
| sons are not given by any rule, but
| each case Is considered separately.
! The cost OF supporting pensions Is
usually borne entirely by the employer
but sometimes the employees are re-
| quired to contribute. the assessments In
the latter case being withheld from their
pay once a month. Those eligible for
retirement and pension must have been
in continuous service for from fifteen
to forty years.
The required time varies in different
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14
}oqcr w. Babson Tells of Plans Tried
Ilcretofore, Their Defects and Ad-
vantages-Pensions and Insurance

equity will go to labor after capital is
paid fair rate of interest, although
there may be many hard lessons for us
all to learn in the meantime.
Just now our interest is in the present
day plans. and we must educate our
selves and our children 20 know when
profit sharing plans are laid along lines
really advantageous to the workmen
Our children do not want to retrace
their steps to undo what has been
wrongly done. 1t is important now to
start travelling on the right road, and
we must be able intelligently to elect
efficient managers who have real
vision Of what is to come.
What are the proper principles upon
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14

Continued from Second Page.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-14
II, ROGER w. BABsON.

? HEN your employer calls you
"a into his office and raises your
w pay before you have given
any SIGN or made INV re-
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
KING WILL APPROVE
 HOME RULE BILL

which was organized as q protest against the passage of the home rule bill, and which for a time almost as- snmed the proportions of a civil war has dropped into secondary class as q national matter, there are rumors that the leaders have not given up hope of gaining something by contnu- inr the agitation against home rule and that if the bill is finally passed by the commons at the next reading Il ere will be serious disorders. if noth- ing worse, in Ireland
 Extra precautionary military meas ures will be taken to prevent any out break in the disaffected section of the country and already troops are being moved into Ulster in anticipation of riots and disorder
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
10 IMMIGRATION ACTION
 LIKELY THIS SECTION

in regard to the restriction of immigra- tion at this time may be just the straw that will get the flame going in Japan. and bring about results which may he serious for both countries.
 Up until n few days ago it was be- lieved that there was no question in regard to the consideration of the i'm migration bill at this session but there has been steadily growing sentiment in the senate against bringing the mat ter up at this time.
 The cause for this change of feeling on the part of the senators Is not given cut but the feeling Is expressed from quarters supposed to knew about the inside workings of such matters that some very serious conferences have heen going on over the matter and the possible attitude of Japan. In these conferences there have been other sen atOrs than those on the foreign rela-
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11

The card party given by the bache- Tor members of the Eagles to the married men and their wives last night was most delightfully."- arranged social affair. After the card games were fin- ished the bachelors and their guests adjourned to the lodge rooms where one hundred and sixty people sat down to Il delicious supper of salads. cold meats, cake and coffee. The decora- tions of the tables deserve especial mention for their artistic arrangement.
 Miss Betty Wittenberg and Mrs. Glass were tied for first prize and Miss Wittenberg won on the cut The sec- ond prize went to Mrs. Ford and Mrs. Bassett won the booby. Messrs. Will Hams Jolls and Johnson took the gen. tlemen's prizes in the order named.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
AFTER TWENTY YEARS
 ARE HAPPY AT LAST

perate chances to be taken. He was one of the officers who accompanied Colonel YounEhusband on his perilous march into the country of the grand l.l ma and he received the Victoria , :, ss for conspicuous service in south Africa. There has scarcely been q in whi, h the English army ha. hr"n engaged in which Colonel Conan has not won added distinction lie has been severely wounded on sev- ,Ial occasions and mentioned in special dispatches for Gallantry in action many times
 After her marriage the present Lady Conan went to London with her hus- band where she became a great fav oritc with the queen and was one of the ladies in waiting.
 Colonel Conan said last night that during all of these years the only communication he ever had with the sweetheart of his youthful days was that once each year he mailed her q hit nf verse from wherever he happen od to be and that on the same day the other mans wife sent to him,
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
Special Nugget Service.

WASHINGTON, E"h. H. That pres idrnt Wilson is drsjruus of keepn. himself well informed from first hand ,' urccs as to conditions in Mexico has h'en shown before by his sending spe ci1l agents and representatives to the country and by his sending for Lin tr meet him during his recent visit ir tho south It is new stated on the best of authority that through the Britis ambassador at Washinrton the pres- den, has arranged to hay" Garden the E.to British ambassador to Mexico come to Washington on his way t." England and that it is the expectation and desire of the president to hole several conferences with the English diplomat in regard to conditions ana probabilities in Mexico
 The tension in Mexico City known tp be daily becoming more and more strained and there are those who are cCnversant with the situation who be- lieve that the end is very near for Hu- crta.
 With his treasury empty and with tn" continuation of the rebel successes the people, even of'Thc-Captal city are turning from Huerta and it is be- l.cvcd that nothing hut the presence nf large body of troops and tho keep ing of the city under strict martial law prevents revolution.
 should the people of the city turn aRainst Huerta and openly take up the
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
Special Nugget Service.

WASHINGTON. Feb. ll.-There seems to be a disposition in congress this session to listen to the murmurs Q! the still small voices which point the way to national and information. al feeling. Just now the signs of the times observable from the empire of Japan lend an air of uncertainty to just how far the Japanese govern ment can let this country go in regard to anti-Asiatic Legislation and still re- strain her people from acts which might lead to hostlities or at least and the possible weakening of the power of the emperor.
 of those who are keeping in close touch with the condition of affairs in Japan indicate that in case the United States government persists in it's anti Japanese legislation at this time it may bcome necessary for Japan to take steps which the present government is 10th to take but which may he the ouly means of saving it's face.
 While these matters are not of com- mon knowledge. they are known to the state department and to the president and it is supposed that the president has taken certain senators into his confidence to the extent of letting them know that any anti-Asiatic legislation
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11

tiuns committee and it is hinted that members of the military committee nave been in consultation and that of. norrs of the general staff have also attended some of the conferences tt the white house.
 It is believed that the bill recently introduced which provides for sub Stantial increase in the regular army and the construction of adequate coast defences on the west coast was decid- "d upon as measure to be attended to before the senate took up the dis cussion of the exclusion of the Japan csc.
 The immigration question is not con Sdered dead by any means. but is simply sheved for the present and will he brought to light again when the time is more propitious and when the government of Japan has its people more in hand.
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
Special Nugget Service

HONOLULU. H. L, Feb lO-One Of the most remarkable romances ever recorded in the Hawaiian islands cul. minated here today in the marriage of L'dy Margaret Dalton to l.icutcnan' Colonel Sir Arthur Conan of the Brit - isl army.
 Twenty years ago Sir Arthur was stationed at Simla in India. He was tier a captain in the seventh lancer and he fell in love with the daughter If one of the officials in the civil gov errment.
 The young people became engaged hut for political reasons the young W, mans father forced her to marry che of the civil officers at the seat of government.
 When the young lady was marrirC C9ptain Conan asked her special ser. vice away from his regiment and Ina. sIcnt the intervening wears scrvin- with troops in Burmah south Afric1 China or any other place where En "lish troops were employed and wher- there was fighting going on "i d"s-
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11
Special Nugget Service.

LONDON, Feb. 1l.-The main inter- est in London at present, outside of the persistent activities of the suffra- gettes is the approach of the third reading of the Irish home rule bill in the house of commons.
 It is believed that the bill will un- d"ubtedly pass the third reading in the house and it is stated on the best of authority that King George has sienified his intention of assenting to the bill whether it receives the en- dorsemcnt of the house of lords or not.
 This action on the part of the king will be rather of an extraordinary na- ture but it is not without precedent in English legislative history and the bill will become law over the heads of the house of lords should the king give his assent to the action of the com mons.
 While the so-called Ulster rebellion
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11

through the war office, an envelope In which was a pressedf rose, And I've kept 'em all, old chap" said the col onel
 X year ago Coloucl conan was sCrv- ing as un instructor in the Chinese army and Wus ulr of the officers who ;,"sistcd the American Homer Lc, t" organize the republican army uf that country After the fall of the mon p" ly Colonel Conan received word frc m London that the woman he had lnNcd dl of thcs, years had hccomc :, widow. \ correspondence was open cl between them. the first words that thj, mad exchanged since as a younC officer Conan had left India.
 The result of the letter writing was that the lady came from England {" Honolulu and the colonel crossed the Pacific and they claim that now theN are the hapricst hrid" and groom in the world
The Nome daily nugget., 1914-02-11

would he placed in a very dangerous DC pcsiton. He has surrounded himself with men whom h" helives he can trust hut in times of quickly chang nS heroes and new popular idols the loyalty of the Mexican soldiers is al ways questionable and should they see that Huerta's sun has set it would not aries would he under the flag of the re hels.
 Predictions are freely made that Huerta cannot last another two weeks as dictator of Mexico.