Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1914-03-20
TOP eaAErlNe FnuIr rREEs.

The Aooi.s from many idaho or
hataa i8 being greatly reduced Nv the
pteFcnse ~ inferior varieties. The
good varieties are having 10 pay the
bills ~ the poor ones. Il costs as
MUCH 20 prung spray thin. cultivate
irrigate and haryest varieties Whieh
seii Tor fifty cents pr box as raris-
ties that bring two dollars - box
a variety thai barely paid exa yes
ia gear # good prizes h ccrte 10
prove a less ID ycass 81 4ssfr 81
Tor ihe purpose - wedding
these "boaraer' trees by f1p-Trai
ms - dcsiraule varielas iNiI spgl
IA circular Is being issGci ~ 1e ex
tension Department u th t'Rifereity
of Idaho
Time for Top Grsfsng
Top eraffiUg Il done ia ja Dria
before the breailnE o. the leaf
fruit buds Late IN the spTn 3ust
before the buds are breaMng il the
proper tlme % saw OF the main ia1ag
and place the scions IN position.
Cot scions at Once.
Selona ~ apple should bc cut be-
fore the buds have started to swell
They should be kept IN cool place
preferably buried ia moist sand.
Decide upon the most profitable
variety for your locality and 90 10
bearing tres OF recognized individual
merit 0f this variety 10 cut your
scions. The scions should be cut
rom last years growth, healthy ter
ninals Of twelve to twenty four inch
engths are suitable for sclons In
he case OF prune sclons the buds keep b
'est uncut until the grating is done q
Methods for Top Grating.
The cleft graft is a common method [
Trees Of bearing age are adapted to v
his system. The four to six 6
canold limbs which are to be top s
RATED are sawed squarely off at a S
onvenient distance from the tree g
rotch. Limbs three or rour inches q
q diameter are easily top worked and !,
ometimes six-inch limbs are worked I,
A few limbs had bet a
Pr be left uncut upon the southwest
lde. TO afford shade and growth to y
he tree while the gratis are start "
*. Seions are cut from the scion al
mbs In lengths five or six inches q,
ing each containing three to five n,
God strong buds. The lower end of n,
lion should be whitfield to a wedge
)ming TO "A point and thinner upon m
ne side to be placed innermost on the q,
NIB Split down the sawed stump .,
be grated for a few inches from IN
le end with grating wedge and hold in
iii open with wedge while "a scion ct
cut and sharpened as de-
ribbed is inserted at the two sides
ach scion should be placed with the
wer bud just even with the top of o,
e sawed stub and pointing outward N
he wedge of the scion should be l.,
I'D firmly In place as soon as the -
M stlclk is ,Iloyvod 10 cIosa uons TO
EN-. The scion should be set so m
at the inner bark or cambium lay ar
of the scion should cross and come tn
direct contact with the cambium of sc
q sawed limb. A properly made In
afting wax is placed over end of 10,
ion and sawed limb stub is also ,;s
ated with wax to exclude rain wat -
and air from all cut or split sur d
ces. pa
II the scions make strong growth
e first season 1t may be necessary
head them back the first season to
event them from becoming top
avy and being blown out by the ye
ing following the year the CRAFTS ty
! placed, all but one strong limb WI
'uld be cut out and this pruned and "a
idcd back az young tree would be
wn. II is possible to get some ass
Il upon the new tree head the sec
or third year and perfect tree . 6
The new variety may be built upon and
irons stock In ave or six years. rigl
'earins apples, gears prunes and T
asionally peaches are successful of
worked. Budding is sometimes and
cticsd to change young trees from or
wrong to a right variety. but this who
usually done IN August This wor
Ing is the time 70 warlS all in tin
or varieties of bearing trees. If to a
tire Is one OF very weak growth
fill be cheaper 10 pull out the tree
q