davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
ARE YOU USING THE
CHRISTMAS SEALS
Sales Said to be the Heaviest Ever
Known in Iowa-Help What
You Can.

The department on tuberculosis,
which is conducting the sale of Red
Cross Christmas seals, has already
placed on sale throughout the state
more than 100000 of these little
stickers. They can be secured in
Webster City and it would be a good
thing for everybody sending pack
ages to use them. There is more en-
thusiasm this year than usual in
this matter. Everybody wants to
help stamp out tuberculosis in Iowa.
In some cases, the per capita sales
will amount to perhaps 25 seals. The
primary reason for selling Christmas
seals is to use the seal as a method
OF education while securing funds
for anti-tuberculosis work.
Sioux City seems to be leading all
other cities at the present time with
Dubuque close second. There will
be a very spirited rivalry between
these two cities. Des Moines will
sell more seals this year than ever
in it's history and several other cities
are exceeding their expectations.
The people are in dreadful earnest
in the combat against the white
plague. Webster City ought to do
its part.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
A Good Record.

w. j. Moir has been elected treas
urer of the Odd Fellows lodge Of
Eldora for the 93rd consecutive
time. OF course, the term is six
months only, and no doubt, the
good man will have an opportunity
to celebrate his centennial election,
and a number of additional ones. 1t
may not appear so verg important
to many, and yet it is a grand thing
to enjoy for SO many years the per-
feet confidence of large organiza-
ton. And no doubt, Mr.. Moir is as
proud of bis semi-annual reelection
as are some other men when they
are chosen to some big national Of
flee, or have hoDors thrust upon
them in some other fashion.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Obituary.

Harold David Donald Sharkey,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. w. ]. Sharkey.
who reside near the old Tunnel mill
site south Of town, was born March
5. 1899, in Calhoun county, Iowa,
and died at the Iowa Methodist hos
pital in Des Moines, Dec. 10, 1914,
after lingering illness of about six
months, aged fifteen years, nine
months and five days. He was OF a
sunny and cheerful disposition and
bore his suffering patiently He was
conscious to the last and tried TO
console his mother and father CF
saying he was not afraid to die, as
God knew best. He leaves a father,
mother three brothers, one sister
and a wide circle of relatives and
young friends to mourn his untime
ly death
Rev. c. Fl. kamphoefBer officjated
at the funeral and six of his cous
ins-Wm. Gordon, Glen Bringolf,
David Gordon, Alva Bringolf. Roy
Ewing and Claude Boyd--acted as
pail bearers. The message of song
by Warren B. Dodge was very beau
tiful and impressive.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Big Day at Post Office.

Yesterday was the biggest day in
the history of the Webster City post
Office, according to the records. This
is due to the parcel post which is
now in working order. 81 bags Of
parcel post material were handled
at the Office last night and yesterday
saw $50 bags OF mail of all classes
handled by the clerks OF the office.
be strained to the breaking point
during the next three days. Two ex-
ira men are On the force and the
force is working until midnight ev-
cry night to accommodate the Christ
mas mail.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Committee.

The best man in town drove
down the street yesterday. He was
driving a single cutter and team.
Nine small boys by actual count
were sticking like glue all over the
outside of the sleigh. Two had
fastened their sleds to the runners
and the driver was enjoying it as
much as the boys. The meanest
man in the county was also driving
up the street yesterday. He had
double bob-sled and a team with no
load to speak Of Seven small boys
tried to catch on and have little
ride. The driver beat off with his
hands all he could and grabbed the
caps of those whom he could reach
and flung them into the street.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
SIX O'CLOCK PARTY.

The Six O'Clock club held their
annual Christmas party last night
at the home of Mrs. R. E. Jones, be-
ginning with six O'Clock dinner.
The home was tastefully decorated
with holly wreaths, the decorations
in the dining room being especially
lovely. A group of poinsettia
plants with red flowers graced the
center Of the table, and were banked
with holly which was edged with
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
No Weekly Tribune This Week.

AS Christmas falls on Friday this
year, there will be no Weekly Trib-
une issued this week. 1t is the GUS
tom in many country Offices to issue
no weekly during the holiday sea-
son, but the FreemanTribune com
pany has uniformity issued it's
weeklies every week in the year, but
an exception is to be made this
year. Tribune readers will please
bear this in mind.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
A Word From w. T. Fisher.

Eds. FreemanTribune: l wish to
say few words about the article
printed in your daily on December
IA, in regard to the illness and
death of my daughter, Della May
Fisher.
1t is true that she was taken sick
on Tuesday noon, Dec. Sth, with an
attack of sore throat and did not
go back to school. On Thursday
about 3 O'Clock a doctor was called,
DR.. Andrews-Perry. She found that
my daughter had a very sore throat,
but did not consider it anything SER
ious and thought the girl would be
much better the next morning. At
, about II O'Clock that night, as the
patient seemed to be quite restless,
l called DR.. Andrews-Perry back
again and the doctor stayed until Z
O'Clock Friday morning; when she
left she wanted to hear from us as
to the condition of the patient at
6 o'clock, and instead of describing
her condition, thought it would be
better and much safer to cali the
doctor again, which l did. She still
thought the girl much improved
and at that time pronounced her
doctor was called again on Saturday
afternoon at 4 O'Clock and found the
girl very much better. On Sunday
morning about o'clock my daugh-
ter appeared very restless, and the
same doctor was again called, and
then decided the patient had taken
a relapse and advised me to call
Drs. McCauliff or Wyatt and told me
to have them bring some anti-tox-
inc. as she thought the treatment
would be good in her case. | called
DR.. McCauliff, who arrived two and
one-half hours later, and my daugh-
ter lived Just ten minutes after he
came into the house He examined
her throat but never made any
statement in my presence as to what
he considered the disease was which
caused the girls death The attend
ing physician still contended that it
was a case of quinsy and remained
at our home until the child was laid
out.
After DR.. Andrews Perry went
home she called up Mr.. and Mrs.
Milton Sweasey by phone and told
them my daughter had died with
quinsy and they need not be afraid
to go to my home, as there was no
danger. believe the attending
Judgment was right, as
there never was any membrane in
the girls throat during her illness.
She was not subject to sore throat
as before reported, but her mother
was subject to attacks of Quinsy
and I am confident this was the dis
ease which caused my daughters
death
l was much surprised when the
quarantine was put on my place and
feel that it was unnecessary and a
hardship put upon me in the midst
of my troubles.
w. r. Fisher.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Sells Valuable Horse.

w. A. Dawson has sold his valu-
able horse, Peter Alexander, son OF
Alexander the Great, to j. T. Saint
of Wallaceburg, Ontario, Canada.
The horse was shipped for that place
this morning. Mr.. Dawson bought
this animal only a month ago and
says he made a good profit on the
deal
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
CHRISTMAS CLUB PARTY.

The members of the Literary
Round Table, together with various
members of their families, held
their twentieth Christmas party last
night, at the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
w. j. Zitterell, and of the many oc-
casions of the kind this was pro-
nounced by all as the very best.
Several remarked that the dinner
served at $50 oclock-all the
guests being seated in the large din
ing room--was even better than any
ever served before by this club.
The house decorations were, of
course, of Christmas greens and
large poinsettias placed here and
there on the tables, produced a
pleasing effect.
A Christmas tree, prettily decor
ated and loaded with gifts was To-
Gated in the front parlor, and after
dinner these were distributed by
lot. The opening Of the packages,
comparing and admiTing their con-
tents, took up considerable time.
in such a general good time as can
only be enjoyed by people who have
been so closely associated through
many years.
During the evening appreciative
remarks in regard to this and other
occasions were made by Judge KAN
rar and Geo. E. Younkee; the latter
is perhaps unframed as an after din
ner speaker but he certainly Init
the nail on the head" last night.
Words fail when one tries to de-
scribe these occasions which come SO
close to the heart and one feels with
the poet that laughter and tears are
babes in one cradle.
Especially last night was missed
the absent MEMBERSHIPS Smith
gone for aye-the j. N. Garth fam
lily and several of the husbands un-
able to get home. The host tele-
phoned his Christmas greetings
from Fort Dodge, late trains max
ing it impossible for him to reach
Webster City until a late hour.
The last of the Round Table ba-
bies, Charles Weston and Alice
Kamrar, enlived the evening with
their merry prattle and songs. The
only absent member, who was in
town-Miss Baxter, detained at
home by illness-was much missed
by all.
The only guests not connected
with the immediate families were
DR.. Nelsen-Hotchkiss who happily
expressed her appreciation along
with the gentlemen, and Mrs. E. R.
Lee so closely connected with the
lamented member. Mrs. Fuller Van
Worries of GAINESVILLE, Ohio, was
most welcome guest, as were also
Mrs. Ralph Groves of kamrar and
Mrs. George s. Neel--connected,
however. with Round Table families.
The company dispersed at late
hour feeling that the account of an
other memorable occasion would be
added to the club archives.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Mother is Dead.

A message was received Saturday
morning by Mrs. l.. A. McMurray,
notifying her of the death of her
mother at Ocean Grove, New Jersey.
Her death was not unexpected and
came as a welcome relief from long
suffering.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
The Gard of Thanks. "

Ellsworth News: Speaking, a la
Joe Fardal and Simon Sogard, Of
things for which folks are thankful:
A lately bereaved widow of Indepen-
dence publishes a card in the Bulle-
thanking her kind
friends and neighbors for assisting
her in the death of her husband"
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Repair Shop.

l have opened a repair shop at
my home on West Third street and
am prepared to repair bicycles, guns,
gasoline stoves, etc. Ring me and
will call for anything you want re-
paired. Phone Fishers store, 666.
21d3fl* ChaS. PETER.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Unclaimed Letters.

List of letters remaining uncalled
for in the Webster City post office
for the week ending Dec. Is, 1914:
Will Garren.
Mrs Sophia Hamilton
Miss Mabel Manning.
Orritt Owen
These letters will be sent to the
dead letter Office Dec. 30, 1914, if
not delivered before. In calling for
the above, please say advertised"
giving date of list.
d. H. Bauman, P. NJ.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
COMPANY G Wins.

The basketball game at the arm
DRY Friday night between the COM
pany c team and that of the high
school resulted in score of 56 to IA
in favor of Company c. TIE boys
played good game and the attend
ance was fairly good, the profits be-
ing equally shared by the two teams.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
ENTERTAINED MUSIC CLASS.

ENTERTAINED MUSIC CLASS.
Miss Ruth Stevenson entertained
two classes of her music pupils yes
terday afternoon from two to five.
and two last evening from till g..
The house was nicely decorated
with Christmas trimmings. A must
cal program was rendered and the
children had a delightful time play
ing musical games. Each one pres
ent received a sheet of music as a
Christmas remembrance. James
White sang solo for the evening
class.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Miss Anime Maxon, who recently
sustained an operation for appendi-
citis at Mercy hospital, has been TAX
en- to her home on Dubuque street
where she lis steadily improving.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Cradle Roll.

Mr.. and Mrs. Leslie Parker, three
miles east of the city, are the proud
parents of a nine pound boy, born
Friday morning
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Only three more days until Xmas.
Metcalf's basement is an ideal shop
ping place. Anything that one could
wish for from lie on up to $25. diff
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
Welland-Peterson.

Invitations are out for the COM
ing marriage of Miss Priscilla Han
nah Welland to Mr.. P. L.. Peterson
on New Years day, at high noon,
at the groom's residence near Blairs-
burg.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Lloyd Dooley, son Of Mrs. o j.
Page, who is now located at Adrian,
MINI, was operated upon for the re-
moval of his tonsils last Wednesday,,
and is getting along as well as could
be expected.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Many a customer has said no.
where in Webster City is there
shown such variety Of useful Xmas
suggestions as is shown in Metcalf's
economy basement. diff
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Mrs. Daisy Fairchild-Moore, near
harrisburg, who has been i'll for
some time with "a complication Of
troubles, is very low. Miss Mary
Craig. the nurse, lis in attendance.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
+ i I I = 4 I + + +
SURPRISE PARTY,

The members of the Pansy club
had an ejoyable time Saturday night
when they surprised one of their for
mer members, Mrs. Agnes Cramer,
who now resides in Minnesota, at
the home of Mrs. Chas. Tackett.
Fancy work occupied the time and
at a late hour delicious refresh
ments were served.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Many new things added the last
few days and many attractive prices
on quality Xmas goods worth while
at Metcalf's. diff
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Members of the Philethea class of
the Baptist church are requested to
leave their jelly or canned fruit in
the basement of the M. E. church
Thursday morning for the Christmas
giving.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

FOR SALE rose combed Rhode
Island red BOOSTERS for breeding.
Price 81 each. Phone 1903.
12-22d4f2
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Metcalf's fur sets are different
from the many inferior grades Offer
ed at cut prices. We like to show
them to the knowing ones. diff
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

The United Brethren church villa
give their Christmas program Thurs
day evening.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Leather bags at Metcalf's are all
the latest ideas shown on the mar
ket. At popular prices. diff
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
SECOND LUNCHEON.

The second luncheon at which
Mrs. w. w. Pearce was the hostess
was given Saturday afternoon at one
o'clock in honor Of her visiting
guest, Dr.. Maude e. Ward Of Steam
boat Springs, Col. The forty guests
were seated at small tables at each
of which the central figure was a
small Christmas tree. The place
cards were Christmas cards and tiny
Christmas tree boxes held the salt
ed nuts. Following the three course
luncheon the afternoon was devoted
to bridge. Mrs. Will Rice and Mrs.
Roy Tyler of Fort Dodge were the
out of town guests.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
FOR RENT-the Kennedy farm

FUR RENT-the Kennedy farm
north of Webster City, March list,
1915. About forty acres field
and pasture; room house; TWEEN
ty minutes walk from post Office;
$40 month by year or for sale.
Apply Sam'l Bateman, Webster
City, or write Mrs. Alex. Ken
needy, COL Dutton street, Waco,
Tex. 21d6f1t1
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Robert E. Sager and Cola M. Cum
ningham have secured a license to
wed.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

The Prairie Lawn school, near
Kamrar, taught by Misc Hannah Cor
des, closed last Friday for weeks
vacation, with a Christmas tree and
appropriate program and also dis
play of work from manual training
and domestic science classes. This
school numbers twenty-four pupils
and twenty-five patrons were pres
ent at the closing exercises.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22
MONDAY NIGHT COTERIE PARTY


The members of the Monday
Night Coterie held their Christmas
party last night at the D. M. Kelly
home with Mrs. VIM. Casey hostess
The evening was spent putting fin
ishing touches upon Christmas gifts,
and enlivened with pleasant CONVEX
sation. Later the guests were ush-
cred into the dining room where the
table was seasonably decorated with
holly, Christmas place cards and
holding a large cotton SNOWFALL as
it's centerpiece. The top of the snow
ball was q large tinsel star and red
ribbons were laid from the inside of
the ball to each cover. After the
serving of delicious refreshments,
each member in turn pulled her rib
bon and drew her gift to her place.
Each gift was one for which wish
had been previously expressed by tn
recipient. Another season Of nee
dlexork followed the receiving Of
the gifts and the party was brought
to a close.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1914-12-22

Grapefruit 40 cents per dozen at
Sheldon's. 22c2
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
IS
VERY CRAVE
Att KINDS on N!in 1t NoR~
REStIi!>{, " 1~iliNt.IbN
FROM MEXICO.
FEELING IS TENSE
Official Reports indicate Il Grow ing
Anti American sentiment in
the NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Reported Killed.
Bv the United Press,

WashingloR, April 25.-The re
oorted execution OF American rein
gees, unconlirmed reports OF whole
sale arrests Of American citizens
who are held as hostages, an anti
American demonstration in Mexico
citv. the attack upon Tampieo 10y
rebels and the apparent refusal OF
Villa to unite with Huerta are the
leaaipa features in the MeXcan sit
nation this afternoon,
That four Americans have been
killed in Mexico City is the report
nublished in Vera Cruz newspapers
today.
An Official statement also came
from Consul Canada that seven
Americans were taken from the
o. haughnessy train and placed un-
der arrest by Meyicans. They were
I Starr Hunt and family and Bur
ton Wilson. Canada also report
ed that a Mexican mob entered Por-
ter's hotel, insulted the guests and
broke up the furniture.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
NOT ALLOWED
To LEAVE CITY
VOW pIRNiJrTED TO LEAVE OR
rSlEE CAPITAL BY Hiisi-
yi'~ ORDERS.
Guns TAKEN AWAY
IN Americans Relieved of Arms by
niftatar and Lett Helpless in
fine Event of an I r.
rising.
3e the United Press,


WI" 10 -'''' =
-f..A=i 81 ''''. me- ''' u 49,
A''.' II +'.-- - - - -,
,-.,a
mn.
~ % ''''-' > a.,
."1 ''t= ~ .''.'' : ~ W
''''=''''7
Al oso'ia an American wearing q
t'fttish laS Wa haiia'd d nut '''is'
jig hIta5Sf Fl ioi " W itt' I'M
a't+= 9d-' 9'hef A''ie,' '''si''
A'll .ag5' i'StF ""9 " ''tl'''
W. .tat$ y ~ Il - 't'''''.a1
N'fito e''s many A'ite' ist''9 ~
~ st-e tie l1ei lte"dihs 20 ne I'd e''
a. 5Hs' que INV -''NH' ''i' N'''
.f,Hata eiil . ohao sIi'ieS93 vac
AtsFts>ss
fine statue of George Washington
Ia tap capital &as torn down last
Mat rs mob. Huerta has de
HfHeI Ill Americans OF their guns
in ORDER 10 leave them helpless
aeatH ta uprising.
Hh4 He5,su8H4ers at the capital
Ha. printed many wild extras.
uae advised \ "choppiug up Of
American dogs
IN 81 rafIrooa ambopkment near
Vera l.r.,s tho transfar of O. Shaugh-
}ese, ...d nar.,. took mace Cap
,sjs ...r.,,,., II, cnaroo of the train
=l.zt =f,.f,4t..!,,- tt,.s. American under
49,, ~. ,.'.'. :. ~, a.aa s,,aoo
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
THE obstetrics GET
SHIPMENT Of ARMS
En,,T> TuoISASD RIFLES LAND
ED FROM GERMAN SlEAh-
ER DURING THE NIGHT.
The Consignment Also lnclude" o"e
Million Rounds of Ammunition
Tile Police Were Power
Nv the Associated Press.

Belfast, Ireland, April 2a.---N
consignment of forty thousand rifles
and a million rounds OF ammohi-
ito, from Germany was landed last
night and rushed in automobiles 10
various Ulster headquarters. ne
Fishermen who declare they VIII Oh
fer armed resistance to the lhs'fue-
,iops of home rule guarded Tue
roads while Transporting the mum
lions. The police are power 'ee''
All communication was smut oi
last night.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
NUEvQ LAREDO Loss
ABOUT HALF MILLION
ALL TUE, PROMINENT BUILD
INGS IN THE CITY WE'RE h1-
NiNITf,D AND BURNED.
Sharp Shooters on Locomotive
Guard Railroad Bridge Through
out the Night--To Burn
Other Towns.
BY the United Press

Laredo. Tex, April 25.-That the
loss in Nueyo Laredo will equal a
half million dollars WAS declared
today by Americans who visited the
stricken city today Last night a
locomotive with an electric head
light was run out on the railroad
bridge and illuminated the ap-
breaches while sharp shooters ia
the cab were ready to repet any
further attempt to destroy the
bridge. The MeXicans anhounce1
before leaving Nuevo Laredo yester-
day afternoon that they intended to
burn every town bet~een there anu
Monterey.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
REPORT SAYS THAT FOUR
AMERICANS WERE KILLED
Vera Cruz Paper Declares They We're
Slain b, Mob in Mexico City
Last ight--Rcport
Doubted.
BY the Associated Press

Vera cruz, April 25.-El p'eta-
men, u local newspaper. announces
that a Mexico City mob killed four
Americans last night. The report Is
moi confirmed from any source and
1t automatically is considered doubt
full
Vera Cruz is today issolated from
interior communication Re agees
tell OF strong anti-American ieeilhs-
Ire military authorities here con
s,der the situation very grave.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1914-04-25
SIR Edward Grey Approves.

Paris, April 25.-Sir Edward
GREY. the English Foreign Secre-
tary, on several occasions during
his visit to Paris has said, in the
eonrse of private conversations, that
he believes the United States is I'M
dertaking a work in Mexido. of
which thoughtful opinion in Europe
approves.