The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1914-01-27
WATER PRESSURE:
Tremendous Force EXerted al
the Bottom Of the Sea.
AIR THERE GOULD NOT RISE.
II Would De Compressed 20 Such a
Degree of Density by the Enormous
Weight That the Water Would Float
Upon lt-Limits Of Diving Depths.

marine boat might so Such. how
ever. Is tot the case What prevents
diving 10 great depths is the enormous
~ increasing pressure Of wafer "a
ever without n suit can 20 over 10
feet, because the pressure ON the body
Is then about five tons 10 the square
foot on his body. EarlrumS would he
+ STAYED i'm. and other fearful difficulties
would result
To remedy this the diving suit was
invented. but there is Il limit also to
It's depth, st Il depth Of one mile the
/ pressure due 10 the wHtcr alone is 1G5
tons to the square foot. Even II Il div
ing sUit WAS devised To Withstand this
enormous pressure trouble would he
found in getting II pipe line that long
and withStauding the pressure that
would not break Of It's own weight.
In the case of submarine boat il
i slightly Different Here only the
strength Of the boat is the necessary
thing. BIT To he strong The wallis have
10 he thiCkcncd. ana this adds 70 the
weight. consequently adding to the
load 10 bc pulled through the water
ana so nj last the Emit OF the engine
propcliing the boat il reached If
larger engine is procured It itself
weighs more. larger quarters are need.
al for II. etc. So there Is u we'll de-
fined limit to marine boats diving.
Let lis take the extreme depth of the
sea SO far found. that Of five miles. and
find the pressure To the square foot ON
the bottom. As water is comparutivc-
ly inromprcSSiblC. cubic foot of il
weighs practically TIE same on the
surface as az the bottom of the sea.
In the case of fresh water this is sixty
two and half pounds. Salt water
weighs slightly more. So all one has
To do To find the pressure due To the
water mt any depth is to multiply the
depth In feet 10y siXty.two and half
and the answer Is apparent mt once in
pounds.
At Il depth of five miles. the number
of feet being 2G,I00, we have that mum
Der Of cubic feet to multiply by sixty. |
two ana Il half The answer is 1.GJO,- /
600 pounds. or so tons. to the square ,
foot pressure. No known hollow yes |
sci can withstand this.
While on the subject of increasing |
water pressure number of interesting /
observations can he made in connec-
ton with mir comprcsSiblity. Air is
very comprcssible, the volume dccreas
Ing MS the pressure increases. If bot
tie is tightly corkcd it will contain air
at ordinary pressure of fifteen pounds
10 the square inch. and that is the
pressure it cXcrts Then tie Il weight
10 the bottle and let ii down i'm the sea
10y means of a string ON bringing it
To the top again il will he found that
the stopper has been forced into the
bottle 10y the water pressure. If the
bottle is filed with water and stop
pcrcd aud lot down no such thing takes
plavc, showing that water is not com.
preSSibe To any great extent.
IT by any means some air cOul. he
placed ut the bottom of II sea five miles
deep it would ne, rise tu the top, for it
would he dcnscr-that is would weigh
more To the cubic foot than water
md the water would have to float ON
HE air; hence no man knows if the
bottom of our seas is wet or not.
There is only one thing that would
prevent the mir from becoming this
lcuc, aud that Is if il was cold enough
{ would liqucfy. However. ii is nj.
most impossiblc-iS, in fact, impossible
for anything AT the bottom Of the sen
q he colder than degrees c.. for If il
got colder the water around it would
become colder and larger and consc-
lucntly lighter and rise. aud its place
would he taken by degree water.
which would bring the object To- that
emperaturc. so we have no argument
Igainst the suggestion for the temper
Ittlrc nj or below which air liqueiies is
between 100 and 300 degrees below
Gro &.
Some people seem to think that
tone thrown into the sea can sink
MY To II certain depth ANA is there
eld suspended on account of the pres
IRE Of water. \ body immersed in
uid is buoyed up only 10y the weight
{ the fluid displaced. We have found
hat water is practically mcDmpress-
bic, so If the stone dispaces - cubic
GOT of water that water weighs tho
anne. or practically 50. at the top or :
{ the bottom Of the sea. So the stone
'ould he buoyed up only 10y that con
tant force ana would be carried down
Y It's weight. Thus the difference i'm
le forces would be always downward.
nj the stone would sink 10 the bot
I'M
In fact. IL the stone is at an com
rcSSible the tendency is for il to got
eavicr per unit volume as II goes
own. for we have the same weight
smaller space 1t will be- rcmcm-
FRED that this Is, what happens to the
r. II we take it IN II rubber bag under
10 surface Oi the sea. The Volume
'tS less AMI less. consequently weigh
X more aud more per unit volume
mi displacing less and less wafer and
eing huoycd mp less ana less until M
81 u place Is reached where the mir
eighs more volume for volume than
peS the water and IL xill not rise
"wrcnce Hodges in Chicago Record.
crald
Poor Sowing.