The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1914-06-30

The Joiiotcin1 article OF the Serrtdn In
I'ucHccs III Bosnia aud the prosecutions OF
the members Of that race by Austria has
bccp icfittcn By THE SUNS special cor
respondent. rho has just returned from
tie Balkan peninsula. during Chicb trip
he visited Sdrdjero:
Bosnia ever since its absorption with
the neghboring province of Herzegovina
by Austria has been watched with the
most tender interest by the Serb world.
Tho opposition that the Inhabitants OF
Slavic origin made TO the beneficent plan
81 Baron Won Aehrenthal gave promise
then OF Il quarrel pretty enough to interest
even the Balkans. which never seemed to
bc lacking IN material for a good tight
II has been kept alive since not only by
generous fostering by the people them
selves but by self-appointed patriots from
across the Servian border
what does SaraJevo say has been
question that has been asked even AT
81. Petersburg when the fate OF the race
has been in the balance. And II has gen
orally been remarked that Sarajevo has
spoken with certainty and no lack OF as-
grcssiVcness But that In all the years
since the annexation in 1905 and In the
times Of most intense bitterness there
has been no such scene as has Just been
witnessed. shows that wiser. saner counsel
has prevailed to save 1t from the ex-
cesses that have at times distinguished
the bitterness of racial hatreds in the
Balkans.
Known az .sunny BOapia."
Tho Bosnian is proud of his Slavic
origin hut he Is equally proud OF his
native Land. From the peculiar rosy,
Rolden glow that the setting sun spreads
over the mountains and plains he has al
ways called IL sunny Bosnia" and to him
the sun never shines with such brilliancy
Gs It does In his own land. He has his
tory Of warlike accomplishments that runs
back to the beginning Of the Christian CEN
fury and that extends through the reigns
ot his own King stephen down to the
dark celebrating period Of the Turkish
,onqucsts.
liz may In the past have had some
dream of establishing his land In Its past
plorics, but he has been content In more
recent years to form part OF tho great
Idn-Slav movement which was TO lift MN
above the rule OF either the Germanc or
the Magyar influences and make him
part OF the somewhat uncertain confed-
Grafton that was TO include all the Serb
people OF the Balkans.
After the Berlin treaty of 1873 had
gwen Austria the task of the regeneration
Of the country and rescuing It from the
feUlOTHDlZhtlOu OF Inc INC
bosnian had hoped that he was to see
come Of his dreams realized. Austrias
stewardship made a wonderful change In
the physical conditions. Roads and rail-
ways were built where scarcely more than
path had existed before. Schools were
established. farmers we're instructed In
the best methods of agriculture, towns
were undermined, courts were held to give
equal Justice to all the people or the coun-
;.y, whatever their religion or race.
The Bosnian accepted all these I'm
movements, although he couldn't see why
the old paths over the hills were not as
good for his pack horses as the brand new
roads-the roads lie considered were for
Tho Nustrians aud the Northumberland he
couldn't take much advantage OF all the
nov tangled ideas OF agriculture because
ho did not have either the land or the
stock to put the theories into practice.
In fact he was inclined to think that the
Aus'rians were giving him too much at
'"Htion and that he was paying for i'm
prnvemcnts that were beyond his needs.
Finally when the Austrians grabbed him
and informed him that he was a part OF the
g'"tt and glorious dual monarchy he saw
Tho reason of the unusual concern in his
behalf. lie objected strenuously and
called upon Servia TO help him, but Servia,
as Wiling rs she was to accept the pro-
t."tnrdtc, was helpless. She talked a
great deal and together with the assist
an"" Of tho other Serb neighbor. Mon
t'n"gro. lined up on the border and threat
.'"i war. But ii was of no use, the counsel
mat Servia received was to back down,
oth"rwl,c Austria might gobbe her UP too.
Then began an unccasing agitation that
Va manipulated from both Belgrade and
StraJev1. The treachery of Austria was
shown up In the darkest colors and the
Nttor oppression from which the Serb race
Was suffering was told all over the world
Intrigue Among the students.
Both ~ these Serb capitals became hot
h'Is of intrigue and to their influence
Vas added that Of Agram. the principal
CIV of Croatia. The university there was
ne central point of propaganda that
was as widespread as the Serb people
Austria AT last arrested II number of sus-
r''r and put them on trial for con-
f'lra'y to annex to Servia all the Slav
l'"'lncos Of the monarchy. But the case
was 50 poorly made that the trial was
u.'Nrn on before II was half finished and
~" serbs claimed great victory.
m next step In the agitation was a
scat uprising Of the students of the