The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1914-10-02

talnzauon ~ common n.e...a
ployed by chemists TO obtain chem
eally pure substances.
Doctor Cummings makes II cleM
that ice, whether natural ol artificial
may and sometimes does carry dit.
ease. and that heat will destroy bRc'
teria much more readily than colo,
nevertheless he shows that the freez
ing process operates powerfully to ren
der ice safe for human consumption
This ice while freezing expels about 80
per cent OF the organisms living in IT,
provided Il is surrounded | enough
free water 10 give these place to 60
For this reason ice cut IN shallow
ponds may be less wholesome than
that taken from deep water
Freezing Kills Typhoid Germ.
Again, freezing destroys a large per
centage OF typhoid baeilli Sedgwiek
and Winslow found in one experiment
that only Al per cent were alive "a
minutes and 22 per cent six hours
after freezing. More important than
this even is the factor Of time, for
neither water nor ice is a suitable me
dium for the multiplication of typhoid
bacilli, and there Is a progressive de.
crease. SO far as this element is
concerned, IL is manifest that natural
ice has the advantage Of longer stor
age.
Edmard partou diractor 30 ~ IN
linois state water survey, found in one
case with 10000 bacteria in the raw
water, that there were but 1913 in the
ice; in another $50 were reduced to 3;
675 to G; 1,4O0 to 22 In every case
there was practically SO per cent re
duction. Gas forming bacteria (which
may indicate the presence of typhoid)
were also greatly reduced.
Ice From Polluted Water
DR.. Hilbert w. Hill director Of epi
demiology for the Minnesota state
board OF health, has told us OF ice
taken from rivers known to be pol
luted which proved safe, and Doctor
Porter has shown the same thing &c
be true Of ice from the Hudson river.
Dr. Edwin o. Jordan, professor OF
bacteriology in the University Of Chi
cago, tested Is lakes, rivers and ponds
in New England, and found on the ay
erage, the unfrozen water to contain
"a times as many bacteria as the
freshly formed ice, reduction Of about
9S per cent. Regarding the effect OF
storage, Professor Jordan says: All
are now agreed that !
three weeks after freezing less than
per cent remain alive"
Elaborate experiments conducted by |
Prof William T. Sedgwick of the |
Institute of Technology |
Prof. c. E. A. Winslow Of New York .
and Dr. w. H. Park of the New York .
city department of health show that
only from ! to 10 per cent of the bac.
terra in water are included in ice
frozen from it, and that of these about
20 per cent 1854 per cent, according
o Sedgwick and Winslow and sc pei
cent according to Park die within
week, and 99.S per cent die within
hree weeks, so that only one-tenth
If l per cent of the original number
'emain.
Thus it is seen that three great
orces, crystallization, temperature
md time all work together to rid ice
# the menace to health found in wa
er. Doctor Cummings finds that ice
rom pure water in clean factories
md natural ice cut from deep lakes
nd stored under sanitary conditions
re equally safe. ANY dirty or cloudy
ce, he says, may be infected as well
S polluted, and should not be used.
he greatest danger connected with
ce is improper handling, If ice is
ragged across dirty streets and side
ralks and distributed by dirty hands
here is some danger from it.