davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The river press., 1914-12-23
Rations Cost More.

The cost of the American army ra-
tion has increased to such an extent
on account of the European war that
it will cost $l3O,OOO more to feed the
soldiers during the coming year than
during the present year. Even the
price of horse food has SO increased
that 100000 more must be paid next
year for army forage than this year
These are some of the results of the
war affecting the army which made
their appearance. The navy also is
affected. The war freight rates have
made it impossible for the navy to
meet out of it's appropriation the cost
of sending coal to it's various stations
The river press., 1914-12-23
War Affects Wheat Prices.

Considerable interest attaches to the
following statistics on the prices of
wheat in central markets, as affected
by the different wars since 1775. 1t
will be seen that, Notwithstanding the
fact that the price of that grain is now
high, it has not reached the maximum
as brought about by some of the other
great conflicts. The figures:
1775-96-American Revolution-Wheat
rose to an average of $2.4S, the high
point being $500.
War-Wheat rose to
$3.50.
1S54-56 Crimean Wheat reached
1.S5.
1S6O-64-Civil War--Wheat rose to
$22S.
S-RussianTurkish War-Wheat
rose to $5.76.
1S9S-Spanish-Am War-$1.4O
observation-disclosures War-$1.21.
The river press., 1914-12-23
FIGHTING IN THE TRENCHES.

A new feature in modern war me-
thods is described by a writer in Pop.
ular Mechanics, who gives an interest
ing review of recent events upon bat
tie fields in the northern part of
France. The plan of fighting in trench
es indicates extreme difficulty for eth.
er the Germans or the allied forces
to make successful assault upon the
positions held by their opponents.
Lying fiat on the ground, alternately
digging with his bayonet blade and
scooping out the loosened earth with
the top of his meat can, a soldier hast
lily makes at his side shallow trench
that extends from the head to the
knees, placing each little scoopful. as
he digs it. in a pile at his head. Every
movement is made with the utmost
caution. for bullets are whistling past
only few inches above his head and
the raising of any part of his body
would mean almost certain death.
When this shallow trench is finished
the soldier cautiously rolls into it. I'm
der this slight cover he then begins
to dig another and deeper trench at
his side. but one that is long enough
this time to take his entire body. If
he lives to complete the task. he has
made what is known as a "lying-dOwn"
trench. He has made cover that
protects him from rifle fire but not
from shrapnel or the flying fragments
of bursting shells.
This is not an individual instance
but typical case. 1t is one phase
of the "digging.in" process that com.
prises one of the biggest features of
the biggest war the world has ever
known. When column of soldiers
has advanced until it can advance no
farther, and the men are ordered to
hold their exposed position, they
"dig themselves in" in this fashion
Perhaps they are compelled to remain
where they are, for a retreat over eN-
posed ground is often as dangerous as
an advance. AS soon as night comes,
entrenching tools are brought forward.
and the little trenches made under
fire are enlarged. connected, and deep
ened until they are continuous, and
furnish cover in which men may stand
and move about safe from rife fire,
The river press., 1914-12-23
War Whoops From the Sanctum.

Moreover. when we read stirring ac-
counts of battles in the air. we
think of hot air.-Galveston News.
Both in Poland and in Flanders the
demand for crushing and decisive vic
tories is largely in excess of the sup
ply.-Anaconda Standard.
There is no truth in the report that
the German ships threw out graphing
hooks and tried to tow the British
Isles over to the Kiel canal.-Butte
Miner.
In effect the trouble between Rus
sia. Germany, France and Great Brit
ain is largely a question of pounds,
francs, marks and kopecks.-G Globe
Democrat.
Ii the situation grows any worse
Vic Emmanuel of Italy will have to
order some fur-lined overshoes to keep
his feet warm.--HOuston Chronicle.
The German army may be as for
midable as ever, but it doesn't look
SO "scary" to Frenchmen as when it
was bowling along toward Paris at
the rate of twenty miles a day-Kan-
sas City Journal.
If there We're any way of moving
still further north, Norway and Swed-
EN- would probably be in favor of try
ing it.-Washington Star.
The pastors conference sees a big
need of the Bible despite the report
from the front that plugs of tobacco
and five-franc pieces are stopping bull
lets in the same old way.-Washing-
ton Post.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
President of the
u. S. Sent Protest
In Personal Word
to u. S. Diplomats

Washington, Nov 27-President Wilson has commun
Gated unoffcaly the diplomatic representatives OF the
United States the belgerent countries of Europe his dis
approval by bombs from air craft dropped
fortified cities occupied by non-combatants
The president, it became known, in expressing to the
American diplomats abroad his disapprova Of bomb drop
ping unortied cities occupied by combatants did not
take up officially and did make his
communications through the state department. but addressed
the American ambassadors abroad personally.
The president took this course discovered two
months ago The facts light through the publication
of report that the president had discussed the matter with
European diplomats here. This however denied by
of the prominent diplomats mentioned connection with it,
including the German ambassador Just how the American
diplomats abroad convey President Wilson feelings
to the foreign governments disclosed
1t is believed here however, that the president called
attention the article in The Hague convention Of 1907 to
which all the principal beligerens sgnatory which
provides for notice of twenty hours before lombard
ment attack in order that noncombattants may
themselves from the danger
Whether there have been any unofficial responses from
the beligerens is known here but American diplomats
entrusted by the president is understood to handle
the matter with such discretion and decacy would tend
to end aerial attacks without notice and at the time
preserve the friendship which the United States feels towards
all the belgerents involved It is not believed that the pres
dent mentioned any specific violation, but expressed his
views on the general subject of aerial attacks
1t supposed that American diplomats used their
offices in personal way with the begeren governments
without perhaps mentioning the fact that they
doing at the request of the president such methods Of
obtaining the desired end not unusual in diplomacy
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
MUCH GRAIN IS Being
MOVED OUT OF N. D.

Grand Forks, N. D., Nov. 27.--Accord-
ing to an announcement made public
by the Great Northern officials, over
100000 bushels of grain have been
moved over the Dakota division since
Aug. /. BY the first Of the year this
total will be greatly enlarged in the
estimate OF the road officials.
The company has loaded 1918 car
loads OF potatoes since Aug. !, and
have shipped them to points outside Of
the state. These figures apply only to
the Dakota division.
There have been S.3T3 carloads of
grain loaded on this division since Aug.
/, and at least 1900 bushels were load
ed into each car. Some of the larger
cars carried as much as 1,5O0 bushels.
At. this rate over 100000 bushels
have been loaded and shipped on this
division alone
At the present the Great Northern is
loading and shipping on an average OF
seventy cars of grain each day, and
this is expected to continue until after
the first OF the year. The Minot d1vi-
sion is handling on an average or
eighty cars each day.
This average is considered excep-
tionaIly good for this time of the year
and the prospects are that 1t will con-
tinue until after the first of the new
year.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
TO LET CONTRACT FOR
CHURCH FIRST OF YEAR

Grand Forks, N. D., Nov. 2z--
The DR.. g. ]. Couvrette and w. Fl.
Shulze properties at Belmont avenue
and Third avenues, facing east, has
been sold to- ST. Mary's Catholic
church, formerly known as Our Lady
Of Lourdes Catholic church.
The deal. was closed yesterday, the
purchase price being $4,000, and it
involves the retention or the present
Shulze residence on its present site, to
be used as the parish home.
The residence of DIR. Couvrette has
been transferred to w. H. Shulze, and
he will remove 1t to the avenue, where
he will make his home
Bids for the construction of the
new church will be opened in January,
and the construction operations COM
menced very early in the spring.
The site for the building will be
cleared within the coming month, so
that there will be no delay next sea-
son.
Under the Plan now proposed it will
be possible for the new Catholic con-
gregation to enter it's home in the
early part of the fall OF 1915.
About $4,000 will be expended In
the construction of the new church.
Plans have not yet been adopted,
but the church committee is receiving
plans from architects. The selection
OF the architect will be- made very
shortly
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
WAR CAUSES SHORTAGE
OF EUROPEAN FLAX STRAW

Jamestown, n. D., Nov. 37.-One re-
suit of the European war may be
market for the immense amount OF max
straw raised in North Dakota, which Is
annually burned and allowed to waste,
as the foreign supply will undoubtedly
be greatly reduced. A great part Of
the Eur opean fax straw comes from
Belgium and Russia, where, 1t is prob
able, very little will be raised next
year, and an inquiry already has been
received by Farm Expert A r. Bor-
ebert OF Stutsman county from linen
manufacturer near Belfast, Ireland,
regarding the quality of the fax straw
in this vicinity, asking for samples,
which have been sent to Ireland
The straw used there, however. is
not broken UP, as is the case in our
fax straw after it comes through the
separator, for in Europe only the heads
are threshed, the long stalks being
kept unbroken to be later disposed of
to linen manufacturers at a profit.
Unbroken fax straw in Belfast
brings from $40 to SIS per ton. The
manufacturer suggests shipping via
New Orleans and then direct to Belfast.
While 1t is possible that there Is not
sufficient profit in the straw to warrant
shipping at present, yet by. another
year this waste product of the farm.
properly cared for, may bring in a
good profit to the North Dakota farm
ere. At present, Kensal buyers pur-
chase fax straw at 50 per ton, for use
as tow only.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
ALL MOTORISTS WANT
AUTO LICENSE NO. |

Bismarck, n. D., Nov. 27.-George
Russ of Bismarck will carry auto
mobile license No. l on his car dur
ing 1916. He made application in
March Of 1913 for the number and
it will be ISSUED to him as his appli-
cation was the first one received and
was accompanied by the necessary
fee. That there is a great desire to
have number one as a license number
is indicted by the fact that appIica-
ton has already been made for THAI
number for 1916 and Eric Throberg
of Mandan will be the lucky man as
he now has his application and fee
in the hands of the secretary Of state.
There were 1880 automobile Ii
censes issued during the past year and
there may be a few more before the
end Of the season. There were also
! ,255 MOTORCYCLE tags issued.
For the coming year the depart
ment has ordered 10000 auto tags
and 1000 motorcycle tags. There viii
be no change in the motorcycle tags
but the new automobile tags will be a
torauoise green with a black figure
which will make it very distinctive
from the 1914 tag.
Secretary Of State Thomas Hall. in
his reports to the legislature, has made
the following recommendations with
regard to the laws relative to automo-
bile tags and licenses.
That vehicles be required to carry
two tags, amending section to effect
the change. That demonstration cars
be required to bear a distinctive tag,
and be limited in travel territory. That
present discrimination against motor
cycles be eliminated and that lesser
fee be charged for their registration.
That minors under certain age be
not permitted to operate cars under
certain conditions and that the law
be strengthened to prevent evasion of
the payment of a registration fee.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
COLOMBIA HAS
BEEN NEUTRAL

New York. Nov. 27-Colombia has
since the outbreak of the European
war and has made every effort to
compel neutrality on the part of all
foreigners in that country, Don Julio
IBetancourt, Colombian minister to the
United States, declared today. He
made this declaration in an official
statement given out at his hotel here,
which ran:
Mr.. Betancourt, the Colombian
minister, said today the government
OF Colombia has maintained the strict
est neutrality and has made every ef-
fort to compel all foreigners in Coz
lom bia to maintain the strictest neu-
trality ever since the European war
broke out. He said that if either the
English or the French governments
have proofs Of violations OF Colombia's
neutrality by any persons or corpora
tions in Colombia and would present
them at Bogota he could guarantees.
that most condign punishment would
be meted out to the offenders.
Minister Betancourt pointed out
that the wireless station complained Of
was now under government censor
ship in the same manner as wireless
stations in the United States, but that.
despite the most active efforts OF the
Colombian government to maintain it's
neutrality at all costs, one of the bell
| lligerents may have succeeded in
erecting temporary wireless stations
hidden somewhere along Colombia's
long coast line on the Atlantic or on
the Pacific. The fruitless search con-
Quoted here to find secret wireless
stations reported to be operating in
Maine and in Florida show such things
can happen and they are harder to
detect on the scantily populated shores
of South America than in Maine.''
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Turkish Fort Had to
Fire to Save American
Launch From Mines

27-The Turkish Of at
responsibility firing
indifference of hemsmen
Of
mines in the harbor.
supplemental
based
Of Ambassador
al ciosest the dent.
commander that
ehrstRr
obliged
Of the launch merely
launch heading his which would lead
certain The commander of Smyrna
which attributed the indifference Of
of the
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
new RECTOR FOR THE
: MINOT EPISCOPALIANS

Minot. N. D., Nov. 27.-The North
Dakota Sheaf, the official organ Of
the Protestant Episcopal Bishop OF
North Dakota. publishes the follow
ing announcement that the Rev.
James Newman Mackenzie of the
diocese of Harrisburg, will come to
North Dakota about the first of jan
uary next, and will take UP the duties
OF rector OF All Saints Episcopal
church at Minot.
The Rev. w. l.. Blaker, formerly or
Minot, is now serving the two mis-
sions at New Smyrna and Titusville,
Florida, with residence at New
Smyrna.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Mail Facts for the Advertisers

Fomha
of
is
hern
a.
along the GatNo
m
the hwesern o
of
Fargan Grand
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Ladd Elected President of A. {.
Later This Vote Was Recinded
Three Trustees Resign AS Result
Ladd Was Elected by Unanimous Vote Later Four Mem
bers Took It Back. Men Who Resign Are
Kelley Ho]ister and Nugent

A. on of the
F.
0 the Agrult co the
the a o.
boardw presea ande was the prpoa
IA al o in
matter was KEEP the publ however, until
sc andr ther action
result @ o the W H
an E. Nugen, semitic resign o
formal stame %
morrow.
tha
o nexp b y
Hnnah of the the four nate o
a new O o
board
dnota this Iteration in til places S
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Great British Warship
Literally Blown to Atoms
While in British Harbor

London, Nov. 27-Between TOO and
500 men were lost yesterday when the
British battleship Bulwark was blown
up in Sheerness harbor. In announcing
the disaster in the house of commons,
Winston Churchill first lord of the
admiralty, said only twelve Of the
crew of 100 or 500 men aboard the YES
sci were saved.
The first lord said the explosion was
believed to have been caused by an in
ternal explosion of the magazine.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Jan. 4, S and 6 Set Aside as
Fargo Armory-Auditoriun Days

To the Citizens of Fargo: The largest auditorium
building in the northwest will be dedicated The board
directors planning threeday entertainment In which
all asked to cooperate.
I therefore designate Jan. f. and Fargo Armory
Auditorium days and respectfully request citizens not to
make engagements plan functions of any kind that will
conflict with said dates.
Dated this 9th day of November, 1914 A. d., City of
Fargo. '.#.s Ell. +. EMERY, Mayor.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Auatriana Hold Out.

Amsterdam, Nov. 27.--Aviators re.
turning from the Austrian fortress OF
PrzemysI say, according to dispatch
received here from Budapest, that the
Russian bombardment has not done
the slightest damage to the town
The defenders OF the fortress are re-
norted to be showing the greatest ac-l
t;yitv and to be continually repulsinS
the Russians. The fortress has pro-
vis,ons for a year, the airmen assert
and the garrison is in excellent spar-
its
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
PHILADELPHIA
EXCHANGE ETOOPEN

Philadelphia, Nov. 27.--Announce-
ment was made today that the Phila-
delphia stock exchange will be reop-
ened Nov. 80 for the transaction of
business in all securities listed on the
regular and unlisted departments of
the exchange.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
WELCOME GIFT
ship in ENGLAND

London. Nov. 27.-There was large
gathering at the American Luncheon
club at q repast in honor of the arrival
at Davenport this week of the
Christmas ship Jason.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
CATTLE
- ...t -se-..-..
DISEASE
CHECKED

Washington, Nov 27.-Satisfied that
the ravages of the hoof and mouth di-
sease among the cattle has been
checked and that the epidemic is un-,
der control, officials OF the bureau OF
animal industry are determined to be-
gin lifting the quarantine OF the cat
tie markets in the various states in
YolVed
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27

Amsterdam, Nov. 27.--The Ameri-
can consul at Sluis has established
White Cross headquarters where the
refugees OF all nations will be dis<
tributed.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27

Whether it was caused by German
agents or was merely an accident such
as might have occurred in times Of
peace, has not been determined.
1t was reported late yesterday that
two submarines had been located and
hemmed in in the basin where the Bull
wark was sunk.
All London was shaken by the report
that German submarines had been
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
Never Since K,r
Began Have Re- orts
Been So Puzz,, !; ing
AS They Are Today

London, Nov. 27-The British admiralty this evening
announced that the collier Kharoum had been blown by
mine off Grimsby The crew, it reported, landed at
Gmsby which the south bank of the Humber fifteen
miles southeast of Hull.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27

London Nov 27-At few times since the European war
began, nearly four months ago. have reports from the
fields of battle scattered from the North the
western fringe of Asa been incomplete and confusing
is the today.
So could from official
there little change the alignment of the opposing forces
quarter Notwithstanding the fact that operations of
the highest Importance under way.
The situation in Russian Poland, at present the
Of the important conflict has become of the most
puzzng phases of the An official Austrian
the effect that the fighting had assumed the character
of continuous battle In western Galacia is said that the
Russians have been repulSed by the Austrians.
--latest advces from Berlin state that the
yet decided although partial German victories reported
Opposed to this unofficial statements from Petro
grad Paris and London that Germany has been defeated
decisivey and Earl Kchener parliament
that Germany had suffered the greatest reversal of the
tire
For nearly week these claims have made with
word of decisive developments.
In particulars similar situation prevails in the
west
London expected this week would witness of the
most important and deadly struggles of the result
of renewed German effort to break through to the English
channel Official statements, however, indicate that only
sporadic fighting progress the results there
reeoneing the reports from Berlin and Paris.
There is corresponding conflict concerning the
paign Serva The Austrian office that the
into Servia is being pushed forward successfully
that the Serbs beaten in two engagements An official
statement issued Nsh however contained reference
such merely saying that battle along
the main front the Koubara river.
A holy war, which might seriously affect the issue
should it bring to the millions of Mosems of the
countries has been formally proclaimed decided
ten days ago.
The proclamation, signed by the sultan of Turkey calls
Mosems the world to join in against Great
Britain, France and Russia.
Fears of friction between European powers and coun-
tries of South America alleged violations of neutrality
In southern waters has led the principal South American
ons to ask the cooperation of the United States negoa
tions with the looking toward the exclusion
of begerent warhp from the waters Of the two Americas
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
BERLIN PAPER SCOTS AT PEACE.

Berlin Nov 27-The official announcement issued here
this afternoon says: English ships did attack the
of Flanders again yesterday. There have actual
changes along the battle front in the arena To the
north of Langemarck have taken group of
made number Of prisoners. Our attack in the Argonne
region has made further progress French attacks in the
nehborhood of Apremont and the of Stmhe
repulsed In the eastern of there
engagements yesterday ..
The Cologne Gazette commenting newpaper dispatch
dealing with renewed peace talk says edtorially:
1T premature to talk about peace and it strikes
frivolous No German diplomat and German soldier thinks
OF concluding iusory peace with the powers which
have beaten and confidently hope to continue beating
Germany everybody from the kaiser the day aborer
termned to make clean this time. Talk England
about peace is bluff a##@ ~#H.s ~
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27
w E n III u n.

Fair tonight and probably Satur-
day; rising temperature; fresh south
erly winds. -
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1914-11-27

Continued on Page Nine. Section Two.
The Daily Missoulian., 1914-11-28

The average man needs drink of
whisky about as much as an automo-
bile needs a whip socket.
The Daily Missoulian., 1914-11-28
Vegetables:

In buying teas, coffee
and spices, always ask for
Folgers- they are the best.
Folger's Steel Cut Cof-
fee in sealed packages, per
pound, 35c; 3 lbs. for $l.O0.
This is equal to our 4Oc
coffee in tins.
Try our Pathfinder and
Sight Draft Cigars, sold
everywhere for Sc.