davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
OUR FOSSIL FORESTS.
Twelve Successive Growths- Have Been
Buried and Petrified In Yellowstone.

S~SSSoSsVV eSStt
Buried and Petrified In Yellowstone.
In the Yellowstone National park
twelve successive forests, one on. top
Of another, have been. buried by out
flows Of lava and petrifed, according
to a government pamphlet entitled,
Fossil Forests Of the Yellowstone Ma
tional Park" by F. H. Knowlton.
The area within which the fossil for
ests are now found was apparently in
the beginning an irregular but rela-
lively flat basin, on the floor of which,
after a time, there grew the first for
est. Then there came from some Of
the volcanoes, probably those to the
north, an outpouring Of ashes, mud
flows and other material which entire
ly buried the forest, but so gradually
that the trees were simply submerged
by the incoming material, few of them
being Frustrated. On the raised floor
of the basin, after a time, the next for.
est came into existence, only to be In
turn engulfed as the first had been.
and so on through the period repre-
scented by the 1900 feet or more Of
similar beds.
The whole history of the manner in
which these forests were fossilized is
not fully understood, but it vas un-
doubtedly dependent on or at least
greatly facilitated by the presence Of
volcanic and hydrothermal activity,
which was doubtless then, as it Is to
some extent now, a marked feature of
the park region. The fossil forests
are surrounded by a matrix that is
known as an acidic lava, which con-
tains abundant silica in solution. The
first part of the process of sil~ici1cation
may we'll have been that silica would
be deposited in all the cells and ves-
sells of the wood, making an accurate
cast Of all open spaces. Then, while
the slow process of decay went on, as
each particle of organic matter was
removed its place was taken by the
silica, until finally all the wood sub.
stance had disappeared and its place,
atom by atom, had been taken by
silica. "@f
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Worm infected Pics,

T%urpentine is a popular remedy for
worm infected pigs. being given in the
slop for three successive mornings at
the rate of II teaspoonful for every
eighty pounds Of body weight of pigs.
Sulphate of iron (coppcras) is an ef-
fective remedy II given as follows:
Dissolve copperas in warm water and
mix in the slop ut the rate of one dram
for each 100 pounds Of body weight of
hogs, and continue this for five success
sivc mornings. Repeat as required.
Either copperas or turpentine may be
given occasionally as a preventive in
herds where worms have been preva-
lent. These drugs should not be given
to pregnant sOws.-Dr. \. S. Alexander.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
USING YOUR EXTRA LAND.
II You Have Some Idle Acres Convert
Them Into Permanent Pasture.

If a portion of the land is too rough
for cultivation OF If the farm is of
such a size that there is too much land
for the help employed and not enough
to demand another hand, it is often
advisable to keep this extra land in
permanent pasture. On many large
farms it is better because Of the search
ty OF labor to farm less intensively and
Keep Il considerable area in pasture.
Under such circumstances feeding on
pasture should prove remunerative.
The advantages of winter feeding
consist in the opportunities to make
better use of the %byproducts, such as
corn fodder. damaged hay, etc, and
the better distribution of labor. In the
western part Of the corn belt the ma
jority of the cattle are fed during the
late fall and early winter months, so
that they may be out of the way be-
fore bad weather sets in. thus avoiding
expensive shelter. A little farther
east. where the disagreeable weather
begins earlier. it is customary to rough
the cattle on pasture and stalk fields
until December or January, when they
are put into the yards and fattened.
In II eastern part of the corn belt
cattle are frequently fattened in sheds
or barns.
The number of steers to be fattencd
depends on the quantity Of roughage
available. If there is Il surplus of corn
it should be sold or fed to hogs. On
the other hand. If there is a slight def
cheney it may prove more economical
to buy Il little corn or other concen-
trate than to dispose of the rough feed.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
To Protect Sheep From Dogs.

The dog question is Il serious one in
many sections. and letter state legis-
the ravagcs Of worthless ours. Woven
wire fences will turn dogs. While it is
expensive to fierce large pastures in
this way. smaller Colds devoted to for
age crops will carry the flcck in a more
healthy condition and require much
less outlay for fencing. The whole for
age crop area car be fenced and lower
portable fences used for cOnfining the
sheep to the particular crop ready for
grazing.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18

warm. \ wood floor does fairly we'll
If the joints are laid closely and then
treated to n coat Of c%reOsOte to pre-
vent the absorption of liquid manure,
otherwise wood is very insanitary. A
floor of earth is practically useless. as
1t cannot be kept clean ard sanitary.
Good fresh air in the calf stable is of
great Importance with the young calf
to give it a strong, vigorous constitu-
ton and strong vitality. The calf will
he the dairy COW within two years.
Ii good productive dairy COW are ex-
pected the calf needs to be kept strong
and thrifty from the start.
Sunshine Is very necessary to the
vigor of all young growing animals.
1t is an excellent germicide, and for
that reason serves to purify the sur
roundings and to keep the young calf
healthy. 1t is always we'll to place the
calf pens in a part of the stable where
plenty of direct sunshine may enter.
The advantages of raising fall or
early winter calves is that dairy prod
ucts are higher priced in winter, and
the average farmer has more time to
care properly for the COWS. Besides.
the average COW will maintain her milk
flow longer by coming on to grass in
the springtimc. With the calves com
ing in in the fall they are ready to be
weaned in the spring and can be put
out to pasture where they will con
tinue to grow. On the other hand,
when calves are dropped in the spring
they are ready to wean in the fall
about the time winter sets in. so are
liable to go through the winter with
out making very much growth. Fall
or early winter is by all means the
best time for dairy calves to come.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
hear n great deal about
" happy brides going to the
altar. l have long been a

" happy brides going to the
altar. l have long been a
happy wife and the mother
OF children, but in my case, so far as
my feelings were concerned, the word
should be halter instead of altar. Sen
sltlve women are liable to collapse IN
the eve of their marriage. And why
not: Every n knows that marriage
is a lottery. But to say thai n will
either draw a prize OF a blank is alb
surd. One doesn't draw a blank in
the lottery Of marriage; it is either a
prize or Tartarus.
l confess that rs a. girl I was emo
tional, and l have now e%radicated emo
ton from my nature. L had several
offers Of marriage and chose John as
the most desirable Of the lot. l felt
every confidence in him. My. only trou-
bic was that 1 didn't seem to feel any
different the day after l became en-
gagged to him than the day before.
There was a lot of emotion during the
middle day of the three, but somehow
on the third it seemed to have van
ished.
! l was frightened. What had l done?
Engaged myself to a man whom I did
not love? How could l have felt all
that lovingness-I use the word for
want of a better-I experienced the
day John proposed to me and 1 accept
ed him? From the heavens I had
sunk to a bottomless pit. l would have
given the world to undo what l had
done. Why not undo it? Because
there was a sort of subconsciousness
in me that l was making a ninny of
myself. How could l., who had re-
sponded to my lovers words and ca
rcsses n day, tell him the next that
l had made a prodigious mistake:
Besides what Assurance had l, should
l make this confession, that l would
not be rs much cast down a day later
because l had broken the engagement?
I had the good sense to keep away
from John for q couple of days, at
the end of which time l recovered
from my reaction and wondered at it.
Indeed. when l met my fiance again ]
was back in that emotional condition
commonly called love. Love! In four
letters are described that which is the
foundation Of the world. And vet when
we speak Of it between young persons
who are about to mate l think, II. would
Letter be called emotional insanity.
This is not real love. though I admit
it may be the beginning of real love.
soon recovered my equanimity and
sailed on smoothly for the four months
Of my engagement. l was occupied
preparing my rousseau, and that kept
me from asking myself every few
minutes whether or no l was really IL
love. I think if John had paid a BIT
Of attention to another girl l should
have known quite definitely whether
! I loved him or not. But he was not
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18

"Would YOU" he said after they had
been in the dark for Il long time, "be
angry with me if l We're to kiss yOu?"
She was silent for a moment. Then
in tones the meaning of which was not
to be mistaken she replied:
why do you suppose l turned down
the light an hour and Il half ago."
And yet ls wondered. poor fool. how
other young men who had started far
in the real We're able to pass him in
the race of life.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
CarIyle's Amenities.

Carlyle had his filings against science,
but they were not very virulent. New
ertheless in regard to literature he
placed himself in the position of the
i'll bird that fouled its own nest, as wit
ness the following amenities: Keats
is a "curried dead dog" whatever that
may mean; Shelley is "a CHASTITY object"
Coleridge. "a puffy, cbstructed looking
old man talking in a maudlin sleep an
infinite deal of nothing" Lamb. "a
puir cratur, with a thin streak of cock
ney wit, nothing humorous but his
Dress. Walter Scott. "a toothless re-
taller of old wives fables" Brougham.
IAN eternal grinder of commonplace
Wordsworth, '%stooping to extract a
spiritual ketchup from mushrooms that
were little better than toadstools;" Sir
Robert Peel, "a plausible fox" ]. w.
Croker. IAN unhanged hound;' Lord
John Russell. "a turnspit of good pedi-
gree" Lord Melbourne, Ia monkey"
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
A LESSON ON RAINBoWS...
Some Interesting Thinss Which You
Ought to Know. y as.

49,
Ought to Know. y as-
Violet, indigo. blue, green. yellow, or.
ange and red are the 'colors of: the, rain
bow. Most are sure Of that. 1T Is
true, however, of only a very few rain.
bows. The colors of rainhows vary
with their width, and their width Y
ries with the size of the raindrops, big
drops producing narrow bows, with
bright clearly defined coiors, small
drops producing wide bows with pale
colors. Here are the colors as sgener-
ally seen::Q When the raindrops aver.
age n millimeter in diameter, violet,
light blue, blush green, green, yellow,
orange, light red, dark red; ~ when
the drops average. .three-tenths Of. a
millimeter in diameter. violet, light
blue, blush green, green, yellow, Or.
ange; (3) when the drops average. one
tenth of a millimeter, very pale violet,
violet. .whitish blue, whitish green.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
cossAcK OR REPUBLICAN.
-NapoToon,

A hundred and some. odd years
ago Napoleon. Bonaparte, the
second Julius Caesar, a Corsican
by birth and a nobody by. an
cestry, forced his rule upon
France, willingly bowling her
neck to his sovereignty, welcome
because full of military glory to
her, but no less welcome because
it was a relief from the despotic
tyranny Of her own Bourbons.
But when Napoleon usurped
), the sovereignty of Naples and
put first his brother Joseph upon
!, its throne and then his sister
Caroline and Murat, when Jo-
seph was made king Of Spain
and Louis king Of Holland, the
s%overeigns Of Europe, among
them the great powers Of Russia,
J, Austria, England and Prussia,
!, all felt their thrones lettering
) beneath them, and with mighty
armies combined they crushed
!, him.
!, Looking back upon the ruins of
) his nee overwhelmingly splen-
, did dominion and seeing his enc
) mics returned once more to their
; absolute rule, Bonaparte yet had
; the vision of the seer in looking
; into the future, and he said:
; I'm a hundred years Europe
!, will be either all Cossack or all
republican," :
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Give Hogs Plenty Of Water.

1t is possible to waste an enormous
amount of feed when hogs do not have
access to water at all times, both win
ter and summer. There are a number
OF types of hog waterers on the mar
ket, these being SO designed that only
a small surface is exposeG,~a and, there
fore, the matter of contamination is
almost wholly eliminated. 1t is, in any
event. a simple matter to arrange a
drinking trough so that the hogs have
access to only Il few inches at the
end. This can be accomplished by
placing the end of the trough under a
fence and it is only necessary to have
enough of the water exposed so that
One hog can drink.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Analysing Her Mind
By ANABEL PARSONS

that kind Of a fellow at all. He was
perfectly satisfied with me, and I con-
cealed from him the fact that I vas
constantly fighting doubts whether I
loved him we'll enough to marry him.
l remained in this condition Of men
tai hesitancy till a few days before
the day appointed for the wedding;
then I had a terrible breakdown. I.
analysed my feelings thoroughly, and
the analysis was very unsatisfactory.
There is nothing so incapable of analy-
sis as love unless it be a poem. But I
made what l considered a number of
analyses, and every II proved more
conclusively than the preceding that,I
was about to marry a man for whom I
had only friendship. sa
l resisted the temptation to tell him
so till l could withstand it no longer,
then sent for him. He saw the mo-
ment he looked at me that there was
something the matter.
"What is it, sweetheart he asked
%anxiously.
There was something in the word
sweetheart that threw me back on my
self as an engine reversed. But I felt
that what was troubling me must come
| out.
II am very miserable"
"That's singular. I'm very happy"
II am afraid l don't love you we'll
enough to marry YOU"
He took my avowal in a very IN
loverlike manner. He should have
ground his teeth and tore his hair. He
did nothing of the kind.
"A sort Of stage fright?"
mo; l have long been in doubt. And
today 1 have analysed my feelings
and
"In what laboratory did you do it,"
'In the laboratory of introspectior."
did you put your love into a test
tube?"
Il suppose that would express it
f~iguratively."
We'll, if it didn't turn out to be
love what did it turn out to be-"
II don't know"
ut doesn't matter to us since it isn't
love. I'll countermand the orders CIV
Ell in preparation for the wedding. The
cards are out. We can't recall them"
That's the most terrible thing about
! it." .,.
Terrible! There's nothing terrible
in that. We We're not going. to be
married to please these persons. If
at the last moment we find we're going
to make a mistake we must withdraw
of course"
"Of course"
"I1l go at once to countermand the
ORDERS"
He turned to &c. l called to him,
Haven't you forgotten something's"
He turned and saw me looking at
him wistfnlly.
ooh. a kiss"
He came back, took me in his arms
: and kissed me. l didn't release him.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
STRONG FLAv0RS IN BUTTER.
What |; ls That Causes These Objec-
tionabIe Developments.

tIOUdOie OeVeSOPmonto'
There are several things which might
cause butter to become strong Or ran
cid, says the Rural New Yorker. In
the fir, place. the milk must be kept
as clean and free from bacteria IS pos
sible until it goes into the separator.
There is considerable probability, !es,,
pecially in warm weather. that the
milk pals may carry bacteria. Uten-
sils containing milk need more than
an ordinary amount of scrubbing In
order to keep them clean. Milk will
dry into the seama and rough places
unless the greatest care is used to pre-
vent it, and it is sure to cause trouble.
Thorough scalding Of all milk utensils
Is advisable, but a good securing pow
der with plenty, of elbow grease is
most essential. The same is true Of
the separator. All scparators have
plenty of places for milk to collect, and
in some separators there are lots Of
places hard to get at. The cream
should be cooled Immediately after
separation and not mixed with older
cream until cold. .
After churning it is necessary to
wash the buttermilk from the butter
quite completely n the buttermilk
will soon develop Objectionable favors.
In warm weather the butter is apt to
come SOFT" and then it is difficult to
remove the buttermilk completely.
Churning should be at a sufficiently
low temperature so that the butter will
come in shotlike granules, and when
In this condition should be thoroughly
washed with cold water. Then of
course the butter should be kept in Il
place where it cannot absorb strong
odors from outside.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18

The selection of the herd bull is of
the greatest Importance because he is
ut least half the herd from the breed
ing standpoint. His influence on the
characteristics of every calf born in
the herd Is ~ great as that of the
dam Of the calf. and if he is IL pure
bred animal used on grade cows his
influence will be more than half be-
cause his transmitting powers in breed
characteristics will be stronger. No
bull whose dam and paternal granddam
were not capable of producing 300
pounds of butter fat In 800 days should
be used for breeding purposes.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Here and There Around the Farm
MILK AND CREAM.

Milk should be kept in a clean
house. No other place is fit for a
human food that is SO suscepti-
BILE to outside influences.
The man who has n standard
in his dairy. the man who has
set Il figure toward which his
COWS must approach in their pro-
ductive capacity, is the man who
will 60 furthest in dairying.
1t is unwise to manipulate a
cows udder or to milk her before
calving.
In the properly equipped home
dairy the amount and the quality
of butter from a given amount of
milk are ahead of the creamery
made article.
Soft, white butter comes from
hot cream.
Have salt where the COW can
get it every day.
Palatability is an important
feature of good dairy rations.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
SHEEP ITEMS.

Sheep prove invaluable in
cleaning weedy pastures. fence
corners and in removing brush.
OF the serious parasitic dis
eases affecting sheep, stomach
worms probably cause the heav-
lest losses to sheep raisers.
The flock owner who is not
aware of the fact that the in
ferior u scrub ram is at all
times n detriment and a draw
back to profitable sheep raising
will be forced to learn it by small
income.
When the operations Of cas-
trating and docking Of lambs are
neglected the market is the de-
Gliding factor of Il larger or
smaller price paid for them.
Look out for wet. mnrshy
ground or your flock will be trou-
bled with foot rot and worms.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Wildcats Especially,

Excuse me. ma'am," said the book
canvasser to the lady who had opened
the door in answer to his ring, but if
you have a few moments to spare I'd
like to show you the great work on
the Habits of Savage Animals"
mo use wasting your time, young
man." replied the female. 1--WE been
married three times and know all about
their habits."-Chicago News.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
ImprovinQ Butter.

While it is IN important thing to
have the butter ''come," it is we'll to
remember that the churning process
may easily be carried too far. If on
tinued to the point where the butter
becomes lumpy a certain amount of
butterlnilk is Incorporated in the butter,
with the result that the moisture on
tent Of the butter is increased and its
keeping quality impaired.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
That Awful Word.

"Henry asked you if you had made
that cake, did he? Well, what was
there in that to wound your feelings,
child?"
1T vas the-the way he said it.
mamma. He-he didn't ask mine II
I'd made it. He-he said, Darling,
d-did you perpetrate this CAKE? Chi
cago Tribune.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
LapSin& Into RIGHTEOUSNESS
No Place For Thumb Prints,

Mrs. Flatbush-And you think your
little boy steals your pies?
Mrs. Observation-Disclosures does,
and l suspect Tommie.
"Well, there's Il way you can tell"
Glow"
"By the thumb prints"
ooh. no., I can't. When Tommie gets
thumb prints.'-Yonkers Statesman.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
~coundcred Horse.

pasture and twice a month blister the
hOof head (after removing the hair
with Il mixture of n part Of powder
ed canthnrides and three parts of lard.
Tie the horse up short when the blister
is acting. Wash the blister off in two
days; then apply a little lard daily.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
nitro

Mrs. Newbride with an air of tri-
umph)-Rcally, l was greatly surprised
to get Il wedding present from the
Van der Gilds. They are so exclusive,
you know. Miss Jellus-Yes, bit they
are very charitable, l believe.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
A Small Sum Indeed.

Towne-Yes. my wife is able to dress
on comparatively little money. Bovine
oh. come now. Comparatively little?
Towne--I NEAR a little compared with
what she thinks she ought TO have
Exchange.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Strategy.

"Why do you quarrel with your hus-
band so these days? Have you ceased
to love him:'
mo, but the cook enjoys it. She lin
gers with us. hoping to see IL fight
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
A Terrible Thought.

Dear Creature speaking metaphori-
cally)-That absurd Maud Forsyth can't
see an inch beyond her nose.
The Other Dear Creature Speaking
notwithstanding she is dazzled by
its brilliance.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Duties Of the Housewife.

"WashinS dishes roughens the skin
and sweeping fattens the fingers"
"Yes. Isn't it fortunate ones hands
are not injured any by playing BRIDGE"
kansas City Journal.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Her Chance.

The man hater had just announced
her engagement.
But you always said that men were
horrid creatures" said her friends.
$50 they are" replied the bride to
be, "and here's my opportunity to pun
ish one Of them"
They all agreed that it was real no.
BILE Of her.-Philadelphia Ledger.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
A Charitable Act.

$50 you are expected to do a kind
act every day."
"Yes," replied the boy scout.
"How about today"
"Well,s the teacher has been having
a little trouble with me. Don't you
think I might stay away from school
and give her a rest:'-Wnshington
Star.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18

Probably the simplest court livery in
the world is that worn in the royal
palace Of Korea. The emperor's serv-
ants are all dressed in garments and
headgear Of red calico,
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Out Of Mold.

"Chance shapes our destinies." quot
ed the wise guy.
"Well, all l have to say is that some
of us have mighty poor shapes add
ed the simple mug .-Philadelphia Rec
ord.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1914-09-18
Pedaqo1ues and Marriage.

Two bright faced academy boys
were discussing their teachers.
"Mr. Blanks going to get married, l
hear"
Gee. l hope not"
"Why""
Because Mr.. Dash got married last
year and now he's ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
News,