davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
SUES COMPANY FOR $4,000.

Centerville, March 1.-THE Prairie
Block Coal Co. is the defendant in a
suit which has been filed in County
Clerk Elliott's Office for the next term
of court in a personal injury case by
Richard Kirby for $4,000. Mr.. Kir-
by claims that he was injured In the
mines Of the said company last Novem'
Der being at work in slump when
one of the mine cars ran into him
knocking him down and breaking and
crushing his ankle.
Only one criminal case has been
filed for hearing in the next term OF
court, this being one against William
Walk r who is charged with carrying
concealed weapons.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
TRAIN DEMOLiSHES AUTO.

Middleton, March 17.-An automo-
bile was struck by Burlington passen-
ger No. 9 Monday near the fatal
railroad crossing where all the acct
dents of this nature occur. Two men
who were in the machine were hurled
a distance of about twenty feet, but
were not seriously injured. The ma
chine, however, was completely de-
molished. The train was going at
high rate of speed and the tracks lay
in such a position that it is impossible
to see the approach from the road
when the train is westbound.
The men in the car were both from
Charlottesville, F. NJ Adamson and
John Beim, and were somewhat scared
and shaken up but apparently none the
worse for the accident.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
GERMAN AERONAUT
HELD IN RUSSIA
is ARRESTED AND IMPRISONED
AFTER COMPLETING RECORD
FLIGHT in BALLOON.

Berlin, March 17.-Hans Berliner, a
German aeronart, has been imprison-
ed at Kirgiscnansk, Russia, since
February 10, suspected Of espionage.
Berliner and two companions land
ed at Kirgischansk, in the Uralmans,
after a voyage of forty-seyen hours
from Bitterfeld, Germany, setting a
new distance record of 1858 miles for
special balloons. He and his comrades
were arrested and in spite Of official
intercessiop have been detained by
the police.
Berliner is expected to be con-
testant in the Gordon Bennett interna
tional cup race to be held in the
United States in October. He fears,
howev er, that he may not be released
in time to make his entry for eimina'
ton contests for the selection Of Ger
man representatives.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
KEOKUK HAS ONE
D. A. r. WHO IS 80

Keokuk, March 17.-Mrs. Delinada
A. Crowley of No. 1928 Main street, who
is probably the oldest member Of the
Daughters OF the American Revolution
in Iowa, attended the last meeting of
the Keokuk chapter. Mrs. Crowley Is
80 years of age, but she is still able
to do much of her own homework end
go up and down stairs unassisted. Mrs.
Crowley, among her ancestry, counts
soldiers and officers who have served
In every war conducted under the
American flag.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
RECOVER BOYS BODY.

Cedar Rapids, March 17.-After hav-
ing been in the waters Of the Cedar
river since Dec. 80, the body or Ken
found The boys father was returning
home from his days work and while
crossing the Northwestern railroad
bridge noticed black object along the
river bank near the Shaftics west side
boathouse. He made an investigation
and found it was the badly decomposed
body Of his little son.
The lad had been given a new SLED
for Christmas which was found on the
river bank where he is supposed 70
have been playing. A vigorous search
has since been made by city authorities
for the boy ever since he disappeared.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
GROCERYMAN FOILS
BLACK HAND GANG

Chicago, March 17.-Explosion Of a
bomb which had been placed on win
dow ledge in the rear of grocery
owned by Nicholas Pigano set fire to
the building early today and two lam
lilies were forced to fee to the street
in their night clothes
Pigano told the police he had receiv-
ed a Black Hand letter demanding ST.
600 two weeks ago and with his family
had moved secretly from the room at
the rear of the grocery. No one'w
injured by the explosion and but little
damage was done.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
CORONER'S JURY
EXONERATES O'NEAL

Fairfield, March 17.-After DELHI
Grafton lasting Ave minutes the coron-
er's jury on the killing of Ernest Rey-
ez, the Mexican laborer, by Jack
O'Neal, a Rock Island section fore
man here, exonerated O'Neal and he
was given his liberty.
Following is the verdict OF the jury:
I'VE, the coroner's jury, find that tho
deceased, Ernest Reyez. came to his
death from the effect of three bullets
fired from a 32-calibre revolver by one
Jack O'Nea1 on the 18th day OF March,
1914, at about 9 o'clock a. m IN the
city of Fairfield, Iowa, Jefferson coun-
ty. And we further find that the said
O'Neal was acting entirely In self'de-
Tense and that he reasonably believed
such action necessary in order to save
his own life, and we fully exonerate
him from any wilfull intent or Diane
whatever in the matter
Dated at Fairfield, Iowa, this 10th
day of March, 1914.
James Basham.
wv. A. Boley.
'B. F. Liblin.
"Coroner's Jury
It was shown in the testimony at
the inquest held Monday afternoon
that Reyez and his partners had in
tended to get even with O'Neal for a
fancied grievance as they had made
threats against his life before several
different people.
AS yet the body has not been
claimed and should it remain here for
a few days unclaimed it will be sent
to a medical school according to state
law.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
SJJFFRAGETTE OUT
TO THRASH PREMIER

London, March ia sentence of
six weeks hard labor was pronounced
today in police court on Catherine Will
son a militant suffrage who was arres-
ted last night in the lobby of the house
of commons while dressed in mans
clothing and hiding a dog whip in her
sleeve. She was charged with sus.
pected arson.
She said to the magistrate:
"Of course shall not serve the sen.
tence," and added. 81 went to the house
of commons to give Premier Asquith
or Home Secretary McKenna a good
thrashing."
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
BROTHER OF ALBIANS
DEAD; WORTH $1,0O0,0oo

Abba. March Ill. D., F. P. and
Frank Santen have returned from ST.
Paul where they were called by the
death of their brother, who had always
gone by the name of Frank J. Mitchell
Mr. Mitchell ran away from home
when he was fifteen years old and the
Santeen family had not heard from
him until last fall when he made them
a visit. The deceased was worth over
$1.O00,000.
His will has not been read yet so
it is not known what disposition Mr.
Mitchell made of his property. He was
43 years old and died of pneumonia.
His Abba relatives are his nearest kin
as he leaves no immediate family.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
OTTUMWANS SUFFER
SLIGHT INJURIES

Salem, March 17.-Frank Wolfe and
his son, Bert, and wife of Ottumwa
are recovering from the effects of an
accident Saturday afternoon. They
were driving to Salem and while cross
ing a bridge about one mile west of
Salem, one of the horses became frac-
tious. In moment the team and We
hicle plunged over the side Of the
structure striking a number Of feet be-
low. The surrey was almost demol-
ished.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
ST. PAUL HOLDING
FIRST PRIMARIES

St Paul, Mimi, March 17.-With
seven candidates for mayor and seven
tysix for councilmen, st. Paul is mold
ing it's first primary electlon under
the commission charter today. A neat
ed campaign has been in progress for
several weeks and interest in the may
orally contest has been more apparent
than in any previous city election here
Mayor Keller is not candidate Tor
reelection.
Weather conditions favored record
vote.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
Board Proceedings.

Proceedings of the board of"supervi-
sors, Monday. March 2, 1914, being the
18th day of the January session. The
board met pursuant to adjournment.
members all present. President j. r.
Stodghill in the chair. The minutes
of last meeting read and approved. The
contract with Mr.. and Mrs. e. s. Low
enberg Steward and matron OF the
Wapello county home was approved.
The balance of the day was spent IN
allowing claims. On motion the board
adjourned to meet Tuesday, March 3
at 9 o'clock a. m.
Attest. F. Stevens, auditor.
J. r. Stodghill, chairman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
EUROPEAN WIRES
WRECKED BY STORM

Paris. March 17.-Wire communities
tion between Paris and many Euro
pean cities was almost wholly inter-
rupted today by the storm which has
ragged since yesterday. Wires between
Paris and Berlin. Amsterdam and
Brussels are down and there Is much
delay between Paris and London.
Much of the stock exchange business
between Paris and London was con-
Quoted by way of New York.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
WASHINGTON EGG MARKET.

Washington, March 17.-Some I'M
usually large shipments OF eggs are
being made to Chicago from Washing
ton bv the United States Express COM
pany On No. 80 yesterday evening SO
cases were sent out from Washington,
while SO cases We're brought in on the
branch passenger and transferred to
the Chicago train. Much Of tahe branch
consignment came from keota, while
some were from other towns on the
line, all the way to Knoxville. Forty
cases came in on the branch one
night .,....t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
BIG PLANT BURNED.

Kenosha, Wis, March 17--Fire to-
day destroyed the large plant OF the
M. II. Petit Mailing Co. The loss is
$3.50 900, and is fully covered by in
surance. Forty families living in the
neighborhood were driven from their
homes by the flames.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
SELECTS GRAVE; DROPS DEAD.

Grove City, March 17.--Predicting
he would be dead within twenty.four
hours and pointing out to the. Grove
City cemetery sexton where he wan--
ed to be buried, M. K. Vogan, 36, of
Erie, Pa. dropped dead of heart
disease ten minutes after he had left
the cemetery.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
SIGOURNEY DEMO-
Gratis NAME TICKET

Sigourney, March 17.-At the demo-
cratic city convention held for the pur-
nose of naming candidates for city Of
ficers to be elected at the city election
March 3oth, the following were nomin-
ated: Mayor, W. c. Gambell:, council,
men at large William Weller and
Walter Hahn; councilman 1st ward, F.
w. Pfaff; second ward. Gus schimmel.
pfennig; third ward, A. M. Blaise, and
fourth ward, F. H. Schwenke; assessor,
II. Z, Snyder.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
HONOR NATIONAL HYMN.

Keokuk. March i7-The campaign
started by Keokuk chapter D. A. r. to
have the musicians of the city play the
Star spangled Banner" by itself, and
not in medley, proved successful. The
musicians union notified the Daugh-
ters that it would gladly conform to
their wishes and would follow the GUS
tom of United States military bands in
the rendition Of the national hymn.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
PROGRESSIVES TRY
TO REORGANIZE

Huron, S. D., March 17.-Progres-
sives from all parts Of South Dakota
gathered here today at a convention
called for reorganizing the party in
South Dakota.
National Chairman o. K. Davis and
David Hinshaw member of the ma
tional committee have been in Huron
since Saturday completing arrange.
ment for the convention. Both were
scheduled to address the convention.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
INDEPENDENTS
NAME CANDIDATES.

Pennington, March 17-At Monday
nights meeting, the following men on
the independent ticket we're named:
Mayor-H. r. Jones.
Councilmen-W. T. Boyer, John
Jack, Louis Newman, Chris Wendr
and Ernest Beard.
Treasure-J. w. Woodwork.
ASSESSOR. B. Beatty.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
washinoton Pioneer Dies.

Washington, March l7.-Mrs. Mary
Bunsh, pioneer, aged 80 years, and
resident of Washington county for
sixty years, died Monday at the home
of her daughter, Mrs. Eva burst.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
W. z. YOUNG ILL.

Cedar Rapids, March Nv. e.
Young managing editor of the Ca
zette. who has been connected with the
|paper for twenty-five years, lies dan.
serously i'll at his home in this city.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19

Proceedings of the board OF supervl'
sors. Tuesday March 3, 1914, being the
14th day Of the January session. Inc
board met pursuant to adjournmsnt'
Members all present, president j. Il:
Stodghill in the chair. The minutes OF
last meeting were read and approved.
The day was spent in allowing claims
and transacting miscellaneous bust.
ness On motion the board adjourned
to meet Wednesday, March at 3
O'Clock a. m.
Attest. F. Stevens, auditor.
J.iR. stodghill, chairman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
CAPTAIN BRANDT's
FUNERAL TODAY
ASSISTANT STATE FIRE MARSHAL
DIED At DIES MONIES
SUNDAY.

Des Moines, March 17.--Capt. Amos
w. Brandt, assistant state fire mar
shall, a pioneer of Des Moines, VINO
served as captain in the United States
Volunteers during the Spanish Amerl'
can war and the Philippine Insured
ton. died at an early hour SUNDAY
morning at his home at liza Logan
avenue, following an illness OF several
months.
Captain Brandt was auditor for POLK
county seven years, beginning his ser
vice in 1888 and continuing until 1870.
Following his return from the Phllip.
pines he was deputy in the once OF
state auditor for number Of years.
The funeral services will be held
this afternoon at o'clock at the
First Presbyterian church at East
Twelfth and Maple streets.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19
PAPER ENTERS EVENING FIELD

Muscatine, March 17.-Beginning
with Monday the Muscatine News.
Tribune, many years the local morn.
ing paper, entered the afternoon field
and abandon its morning issue.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1914-03-19

Proceedings Of the board Of super
visors Wednesday, March 4, 1914, De-
ing the 18th day OF the January SEES
sion, The board met pursuant to al
tournament, members all present. Presl'
dent J. r. Stodghill In the chair. the
minutes of last meeting read and ap'
nrCved The application of DR.. A. G.
Henry to be appointed as township
physician for COMPETING township was
approved. The official bond OF 5. X.
Alderdice as assessor in Center town
shin was approved. The tax abatement
petition of w. r. Daggett was approx
cd on account of erroneous assessment.
The balance of the day was spent IN
allowing claims. On motion the board
adjourned to meet Saturday March Z,
at 9 O'Clock a. m.
Attest-J. F. Stevens, auditor.
J.R. Stodghill, chairman.
Proceedings of the board of super
visors, Saturday, March 7, 1914, being
the 18th day of the January session.
The board met pursuant to adjourn
ment. Members all present. President
J. R. Stodghjll in the chair. The min
utes of last meeting read and approx.
ed. The fourth quarterly and annual
reports of E. S. Lowenberg as steward
of the county home were approved
The annual report of w. P. Van Fossan
as overseer of the poor for Ottumwa
CITY was approved. The resignation
of r. M. Dickens as trustees in Com
petine township was approved. Inc
application of DR.. Donald McElderry
for appointment as township physician
of Agency township was approved Tor
year beginning March 1, 1914 and end
ing Iarch /, 1915. The following pc
titions for reduction of assessment was
C. II. Garfield, ]. E. Hough'
land, G. w. Kitterman, M. Albertson
Eliza Weirsmith, Milton Giltner, Mary
Rose rson and L. C. Hendershott.
The balance Of the day was spent
in allowing claims and transacting 9th
er business. On motion the board 40
iorrned to meet Tuesday March "a
1914 at 9 o'clock a. m.
Attest. F. Stevens, auditor.
J.R. Stodghill, chairman.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1914-10-12
ORATORfO SOCIETY
BEGINS REHEARSING
TOMORROW EVENING

Unusual interest is being shown at
this time regarding the winter work
of the Bridgeport Oratorio society, as
rehearsals begin tomorrow, Tuesday
night.
Already applications are beginning
to pour in for new memberships, and
as all Of the old members are signify
ing their intention of continuing the
work, it looks as though a waiting
list would have to be established The
first concert being The Messiah, re-
hearsals will begin tomorrow on this
work.
On account Of the change in the
train times, rehearsaIs will begin
promptly at 7:45 in order to give two
hours for rehearsing and still permit
DR.. Mees time to catch the e:55 train.
As tomorrow is enrolment night,
members and new applicants are re-
quested to come early, to avoid as
much confusion as possible and allow
rehearsal to begin on time.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1914-10-12
OF ANTWERP ALLOWS
GERMANS TO SEND REGIMENTS
TO AID OF THEIR RIGHT WING

=
London, Oct. 12.-Except for flood
OF vivid details regarding the fall of
Antwerp the British public has been
practically cut off from news from the
front during the past II hours. It is
felt, however, that events of tremen-
dous moment either are occurring or
are impending in the area about Lille,
where the cavalry of the contendins
forces has been in violent touch for
the past week.
The military critics for the London
papers today devote their efforts to
speculation regarding the uses of Ant
werp for German offense and defense.
Most sof them agree that unless Dutch
neutrality is violated Antwerp will be
of no more use in forwarding the Ger
mans purpose of making Zeppelin and
naval raids on England than other
places in Belgium which have been
occupied for some time by the invad-
ers They agree, however. that for
military purposes in the western the
atre of war the occupation of Antwerp
is Of supreme Importance to Germany
which now will be able to release sew
eraI divisions to aid the sore1y pressed
right wing. Furthermore, the capture Of
the city will insure the lines of COM
nunica ton should retreat be neces-
sary through Belgium.
Additional details Of the Smelling of
Antwerp Indicate that the damage was
not as great as at first estimated.
An official communication from Ber-
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1914-10-12


lin states that no information is yet
taken in the town.
The same official statement asserts
that on Saturday German cavalry
completely routed a French cavalry
division west of Lille, which indicates
that the extreme limits of the western
battle is within 20 miles of the Straits
of Dover.
Petrograd remains silent as to the
movements of the Russian armies, but
hints that secrecy is necessary for the
time being because important opera
tions are pending.
Late reports indicate that terrific
lighting, partaking of the nature of
Siege operations, has taken place dur
ing the last fortnight around Roye,
Lassigny and Albert, the last named
place having been completely destroy
ed. Inspection of the works from
which Germans were driven show that
they took the fullest possible advan-
tage of the existing rock quarries.
Now that the opposing forces are
deployed In a. comparatively level
scouitry shorter periods of vigorous
lighting probably will produce more
decisive results than did the engage
ments while the opposing lines were
entrenched. agains each other.
From Austria come reports by way
of italy of the spread of Asiatic chol-
era and of the sufferings being en-
dured by the Austrian troops on ac-
count of the cold weather.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1914-10-12
Germans In Mass
Meeting ExtoI
kaiser's Virtues
DR.. Bertling of New York Calls
Him The " Emperor of
Peace. .
Songs of the FatherIand and
Hymn america" Sung By
.Audience-BrilIiant Address
By Rev. Hubert Dahme.

More than 1000 persons attended in
the Plaza theatre last night a mass
meeting arranged for the purpose of
explaining the position of Germany IN
the war. in Europe. In the lobby more
than half a hundred pretty young wo-
men in handsome gowns sold bouton-
niers, the proceeds from which are to
be used to aid widows and orphans Of
the German soldiers who fall in the
war. The exercises were conducted in
the German language: Rev. Herman
G. Weimer, pastor of the German Re-
fromed church, was chairman of the
meeting, which was opened with the
singing of America.
DR.. K. Q. Bertling of New York city
was the principal speaker and made a
brilliant address. The DOCTOR is a
graduate of Goettingen. He is tall
good looking and finished orator
Most of his address was made in Ger
man. but in conclusion he spoke for
about ten minutes in English. He de-
Tended the rnilitarism Of Germany and
declared it was maintained not for
war but to compel peace. DR.. Bert
ling said the Kaiser was not the War
Lord, but the emperor OF Peace He
said the Kaiser had for years kept the
peace of Europe in the face of great
odds. DR. Bertling charged Belgium
with perfidy and said that instead of
accepting liberal remuneration for the
swift passage of German troops
through her territory she had pre-
ferred to ally herself with the enemies
of Germany.
prof. J. winter, of New York re-
viewed the history of Germany and
told of the rise of the empire from q
group of states of common nationality
and speech to its present position as a,
world power. He denied that the Ger
mans were the aggressors in the pres
eth war. but said. they were forced to
take the sword to preserve their ma
tional life.
Rev Hubert Dahn4e. pastor of St
Joseph s r. C. church, delivered a fine
address in the mother tongue in which
he recited many incidents of heroisrn
In German history. His stories OF Ger
mans who have rendered great service
In civil and military life in this coun-
try brought much applause The au-
dience sang tsDfe Waeht Am Fsheirl,'.
deutschland Ueber Allies and
America The meeting lasted until
nearly II o'clock. and much enthu-
siasr1 was displayed. Flowers were
the principal decoration.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1914-10-12
PANIC PREVAILS
WHEN REFUGEES
LEAVE ANTWERP
Boats Are Crowded When Ter
ror-Stricken Citizens Seek
Safety.

London Oct 12-The Daily Chron-
IT,. h+-.,> oovras,,o,,aa,,+ ,-4,,o,. +.
ii' " =
picture OF the panic IN the Belglan
town and the flight of the populace to
safety.
..q2afore +be bonohardnent had baan
long i, o1erstion', the cores, o,,1 ont
s esA+1tzo,-,,,. civil ,,o1,,1a t. Ell
irfc ,e-,i1 Ir,,,oa,,se : c,.o1115S- al.
ared aIoY,e the o7,avsif7e ana 81 ~.
rai1road stations in tT,air efYo,ts -
MAKE an exit fro1,, the ci+v E1arIy, ~,
Thursflav Ioorninp more than 7Ao non
bad asssy9bled IN the long o,1a1, =,
the to71e IF nos yf4tY,e TX +7,eIIo. -
bo,,nll f,,. Fgus17f,g Rotterf5a1 ~ s sTa6
1T ler I.11t,b morris
rrbesa TJa,,s ,,e,+ xyassals 81 -, -.
4ida,s he er,.,1,,.e,
60. =. l.o
tenoatafc en- rkation= a w11d s+r1,s .
gle folIove5 arnone the Frantic 1,1so,7Is
The boat4s l,sd NO rael,Is51 81, , 60
and zo,,11J Of 5,f,arf5in 49,,
were over narrow r3Ianl1s tinT,ed : a.
diffara1,t ansyIas
arm these the raf,Ieaas z+,,,e,e,,aa
the stronp e1bov0ins- he weak r,1t ~
III x.1a IN tI,air 1,sd 1at -
q was r,7,rvelI f,,s t1,sf t1,s,.e No ~
a terrible death list res11ltine@ f,.oIo
the struggle. Many nersofs xzara
forced over into the water but their
rescue generally was prompt fa !.
as it was possible to learn. the cas-