davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
DENIES THEORY OF LOMBRoS0
Equally High Authority Asserts That
There Is No Distinct Type
of Criminal.

DIR. Charles Goring is the latest
criminologist to combat the theories
of Lombroso and to assert that there
Is no such thing as a criminal type.
DR.. Goring admits that there are some
persons who are naturally criminals,
but he denies that their criminality
shows itself by physical stigmata
Seeing that criminality is a purely ar.
tif1cial distinction, it is hard to under
stand why nature should aid in the
classification. Our social system has
seen fit to select a small number OF
the almost innumerable ways of be-
ing wicked and to label them as Grim.
inal. The ether ways are not labeled
as criminal, although they may actual.
ly involve much greater moral tur.
pitude. 1t is not the function of So
ciety to prevent people from being
wicked, but only to prevent them from
being wicked in such ways as are
particularly periodical to the rest Of
the community. There was a time
when it was criminal to read the Bible.
1t is still criminal to do some things
of which the moral sense may highly
approve. We can hardly expect ma
ture to give her sanction to our artk
fetal distinctions.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

municipality owns the neighboring
Wildbad iron and sulphur spa.
Once Rothenburg was a great city
with an Independent position as
"Reichstadt" in the Holy Roman en-
'pire. 1t was captured by lilly in 1851
and was saved from being sacked
by cup OF wine presented to the con-
queror by the burgomaster. Now ev-
cry Whit Monday, in the great hall
the 'KaisersaaI'- the wonderful
town hall there is enacted by the in.
habitants folk play called Der
Meistertrunk" Master Drink
which commentaries this historical
event
Under the name of Rotinbure the
place is first mentioned in history.
That was early in the ninth century
and it was then the residence of the
Duke of Franconia. 1t became town
in 942 and in 1172 free imperial city.
The height of its prosperity was reach
ed under its most famous burgomas-
ter, Heinrich TOPPER whose tomb is
pointed out to every visitor to Rothen-
burg.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
Robert Burns.

Robert Burns belongs in the very
front rank of the worlds great men.
AS a song writer he stands along
with Goethe, Heine and Beranger, and
as a satirist he ranks well up with
Juvenal and Pascal His "Coter's Sat
urday Night" his "Tam o. Shanter"
and his Holy Fair" are simply mimi
table, as great, in their line, as the
most consummate masterpieces of the
worlds greatest writer's. Burns was
original in the best sense of that
word, and his songs, satires, epistles
and many of his more serious produc-
tons stand forth unique, and fresh,
and powerful as the tints OF Titan
or the chiseling of Phidias
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
VALUE OF ALFALFA
AS HORSE FEED
Considerable Experiment Work
Done by Utah and illinois
Stations With Crop.

The Utah experiment station has
been doing considerable work to prove
the value of alfalfa as feed for horses
and makes the following statement re.
garding It.:
In comparing alfalfa and timothy as
roughages for horses, the result of six
tests under varying conditions of work
show that it is not as difficult to main.
tain weights of horses when fed alfalfa
as when fed timothy. The cost OF
maintenance was greater in every
case, except one, on timothy than on
alfalfa. The appearance of the horses
in every comparison of alfalfa and
timothy was in favor OF the alfalfa fed
horses"
The Illipois experiment station has
made this statement in reference to
alfalfa
When alfalfa hay is fed as the
roughage part of a ration for farm
horses at hard work. less grain is nee.
essary to prevent them from losing
weight than when timothy hay is fed.
AL lhio lSSl tuSIt WIS Saving OF
about twenty-five per cent. Of grain"
We may add that in most instances
where men have failed to get the de-
sired results in the feeding OF alfalfa
hay to horses or mules, that too much
has been given them, says Hoard's
Dairyman. The government has con.
Quoted quite number of tests with
alfalfa, but they could not get some of
the men to follow instructions as to
the proper amount of alfalfa to feed
and had to put them In the guard
house. 1t is reported they fed a
weeks supply of alfalfa In three days.
We do not know that 1t Is necessary to
infer that guard houses should be es.
tablished In the country in order to get
farmers to see the Importance of not
feeding too much alfalfa hay 10 horses
or mules.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

$50 we guessed" said one of the
boys. I'VE read about them in his.
tory books. But what is it off"
The captain studied longer.
The figure on the photograph was
different from anything ever seen or
dreamed Of in the year 1862. Appar-
emily 1t represented some creature
bearing a faint resemblance to the
women OF the day. The physiognomy
was dainty and appealing to the eye,
but It was almost surrounded by a
great mass Of material resembling
hair. To the waist the figure bore
some resemblance to the women of
1862. But here the resemblance
ceased. From the waist down the fig
ure was shaped like an elongated V,
with the small end at the bottom,
where the feet should have been. It
looked something like woman who
had been caught and tied so she
couldn't move.
THAT" said Captain MacManus, as
an old-time photograph OF a woman in
hobble gown"
What! Ha, ha, ha! Good joke.
captain" laughed the apprentices.
"Fancy--a woman! But tell US what
1t really is. captain, please"
81 have told you" said the captain.
ITS a woman In hobble skirt Of
the age of 1912 or thereabouts."
"A woman!" the boys drew forward
and gazed at the picture in amaze
ment. "a woman-ln what did you
say, captain?"
"A hobble skirt" said the old man.
you don't know what that is, do you,
kids? Never heard of such a thing?
Can't imagine such thing, Ell? But
that's what this relic of the past rep
resents, and you can look in any an
cient history and see that I'm right"
What do you think the woman had
done, captain?" asked the apprentice.
What had she done?"
Eyes. To make them bind her up
in that fashion What was she be-
ing punished for"
"Or maybe she was doing penance
of some kind" suggested another.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
GERMANYS ARCADIA
Medieval Rothenburg Is an Ideal
TeutoniC City.
A Place Where All Men Are Rich. Al,
Women Virtuous and All Children
Happy-Europe's Oldest and
Newest Town.

Berlin. - Medieval Rothenburg.
perched high above the deep blue
Tauben, in Germany's Arcadia. 1t ia
the place where all men are (relatiye-
ly) rich, all women virtuous, all chill
dren happy. 1t is at once Europe's
oldest and newest town. Other towns
with hoary pasts, narrow streets.
picturesque gabled houses, gray for
tress walls and damp dungeons CON-
pensate for their picturesque beauty
by being socially backward; and when
you ask them why the houses smell
and the children are ragged, they say:
You can't expect everything" But
Rothenburg is an exception. 1t is as
old and as picturesque as Venice, and
as tidy and progressive as brand new
Berlin. No town equals it for ANTIQUE
loneliness, and no town has such good
municipal institutions, such excellent
drainage, such fat balances in the saw
!ngs banks.
Rothenburg is O town of more than
5000 inhabitants, some fifty miles
pOubAWCoL VI ldluOuo II lS
situated on high plateau 200 feet
above the river. The blue Tauben
runs placidly beneath, and so beauti-
full is the view that the towns eight
thousand contented inhabitants waste
many precious hours gazing over the
panorama. There are sixteenth CEN
fury fortress walls; medieval, mellow
streets and miraculously soft colors;
a wonderful double Rathaus, part in
thirteenth century Gothic, part in six
teenth century Renaissance. The Rat
haus alone is marvel. 1t has tor
ture chamber and dungeons where
seven hundred years ago a mayor was
done to death for treason. There are
some innocuous industries; and the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

to lamb by herself While she can get
up and down do not help her In any
way; directly she has done trying, and
cannot get up, then help her over her
trouble by getting the lamb away
gently.
Sometimes the lamb comes the
wrong way, others with a leg back,
and in a case Of this kind it is some
times impossible for the mother to
lamb without help.
The trouble of heaving is often
brought about through the shepherd
being in too much of a hurry. Directly
all is over get the mother on her legs,
and put the lamb up to her to clean.
The mother being all right and the
lamb trying to suck, the next thing to
do is to examine her udder and see
that both nipples are free from any OBJ
struction.
Sometimes a eve is found to have a
chill in the udder, which must be we'll
rubbed with a good udder mixture of
camphorated OIL and if well attended
to, she will soon get all right. Many a
eve loses a quarter in this way
through neglect.
Any loose wool around the udder
should be gently pulled off, as there is
danger of lambs getting some in their
stomachs, which would perhaps end In
-stoppage. A very good plan while the
eve is i'll the pen with her lamb is to
examine her feet, and in the case of a
lamb eve, the hoof to be pared back
and a dressing applied If necessary.
The eve and lamb cannot be kept
too dry while in the pen. See that
they ger good dry bed, and that the
eve is supplied with water and good
sweet hay, with a dish Of oats.
Bran and a sprinkling of cotton and
linseed cake twice a day, with few
swedes and green tops. II mangels are
used feed very sparingly, but there is
nothing so good as good sound
swedes.
The quicker the lambs and ewes are
got out of the pens the better. Lambs
are likely to get crooked legs and bad
feet if kept in too long. A strong lamb
can be safely turned out with the moth
er after the first day, weather permit
ting. On no account should the sheen
dog be allowed to eat any of the car
cases at the yards; all dead lambs
and ewes should be buried right away
and all placentas buried or burned.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

my boys" said Captain MacManus,
"she was not doing penance. and she
was not being punished"
You don't mean to say that she
was wearing that thing Of her own
free will?"
mo; she was doing it because
she had to; 1t was the STYLE"
Go on, captain" said the boys,
I'VE like 10 hear about those queer
old-fashioned days"
"Well. Style was the absolute Boss
OF all women In those days, my lads.
1t was before they'd acquired the
equal right with men to help worry
about how the world should be run,
and there they went along in the old.
instructive ways of their mothers
that have all been done away with
now-and their instincts ruled them,
and the Boss Of the biggest instinct
of all was Style"
what was the biggest instinct?"
asked the group.
"The desire to look pretty and
make other women look plain"
And what was this Style thing that
you mention, captain
"Style was mysterious power that
changed every year or so, and when
It changed women had to change with
It. One year Style would be for plump
women. and all the women would be
plump. Next year 1t would be for
thinness, and all the women would be
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
BABY COOS AS MOTHER DIES.
Engaged in Ironing, Woman, 81, Stag.
gers and coliapses on Red-Hot
FirepIace


Atlantic City, N. J.-Mrs. Hattie
Balcher, twenty-seven years old, was
burned to death while her sixteen
months old baby lay in its coach and
gurgled with glee at the flames when
a fit caused the woman to fall pros
trate upon red-hot stove.
The tragedy occurred In one Of
three rooms occupied by the Balchers
in the basement of a dwelling at 113
North Florida avenue. The mother
had cleared away the dinner dishes
and resumed her ironing, when she
staggered and collapsed, striking the
stove and sending shower of red.
hot Goals upon herself. Neighbors
who saw the smoke pouring from the
basement windows, saved the laugh.
ing infant and summoned the firemen.
who had to fight their way into the
room where the charred body of the
mother lay in huddle on the floor
Policemen picked her up tenderly.
but the last spark of life fled as she
was placed in patrol wagon for a
thrilling dash to the city hospital
Neighbors said Mrs. Balcher had
not been in good health for some
time. She was devoted to the infant
which laughed while she died
Balcher, who is a coal cart driver
reached his stricken home after the
police had left for the hospital. He
whipped up his horses and drove at
the best speed he could muster to the
institution, only to be told that hia
wife was dead.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30
THE GENESIS OF THE HoBsLE


Captain MacManus, master airiga-
cor, leaned idly on the pneumatic star
board rail- Of the great New York re-
ceiVing aoat OF the Five Continents
& Australia Aerial line and gazed
down at Manhattan Island, 5000 feet
below. az It was In the year 1862.
Dorm on the calssonB OF the f. G.
e A. ground terminal tiny electrical
depOt-tender, all glass and wire. was
taking aboard her quota Of passen-
gers. bound for the float to catch the
10:u Express for Paris. The Express,
O monster g00-footer, that flashed her
red hull across the Atlantic on the
10,OO0foot level at the rate Of $50
miles an hour. lay in her clips on the
float, impatient to be released and
tear herself away from contact with
ahings Bear-mundane. Tiny 300-foot
express packets from Washington,
Chicago, Pittsburg and other nearby
points we're swarming to the float,
discharglng their passengers and
mails for the big Express. taking their
release signals and Bcurrying back
whence they came.
II was scene that the captain had
seen year after year, yet he never
tired Of witnessing the silent swift
ness with which the thing was man
aged.
A tiny bell buzzed near him and No.
10 Starboard Clip swiftly opened its
great steel arms and awaited the com
ing OF the boat that had signaled it.
Down bei0w the tender rose up from
the terminal caissons. spiraled upward
On long curves. and one minute later
no. 10 Clip received 1t In It's arms.
Out OF the tender came rushing
four boys IN the white and green uni
AOms or the apprentices of the line.
"Kids bound for the training
grounds in the Himalaya's," grunted
Captain MacManus.
Tho boys Instantly made a respect
ful rush toward him.
What luck!" cried one We've
got Just fifteen minutes to catch the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

Paris Express. and we want to get
che Great Mystery unraveled before
NC sail"
Yes. Captain MacManus," said an.
ether. please, SIR. tell us what this
g." and he thrust into the old mans
hands one OF those Anticipated card
bOard affairs which. in the long past
days OF their usage, were designated
Is cabinet photographs"
N"I found It IN an old trunk l was
going through" gasped the apprentice
On Awo 81 was afraid to touch it at
Erst. I didn't know what it might be.
Then l put on my germ proof and
current proof glove and picked 1t up.
VI didn't hurt me. So ! brought it
acre. know you could tell us what
% Is if anybody could"
OLD MaoManus twirled his bnocu-
baTs.
Right you are, kids, In coming to
mo. said he. "If anybody can tell
yOu anything about ancient relics I'm
the man. Why. can remember back
10 the days when women couldn't
SOte.''
While the apprentices were recov.
ering from this awe-inspiring asser-
ei0n OF antiquity, the captain was hold
ang the object of the commotlon of
II arms length and studying 1t care.
tally.
MY lads" said he at last. tits q
photograph"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1914-01-30

possible precautions hog cholera ap.
pears on your farm, notify the state
veterinarian, or state agricultural col.
lege, and secure serum for the treat.
ment OF those not affected. The early
application of the serum is essential.
The department of agriculture does
not distribute this hog-cholera serum
direct to farmers. The department
produces only such serum as is re.
Quired for its own experimental work
Farmers. therefore. should appeal to
their own state officials.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-04-27
ARMY-NAVY GAME TO
GO TO POLO GROUNDS
TBy Latest MALL

NEW YORK. - Peaceful adjust
ment is expected in the army and
navy discussion of a place for hold
ing the next annual football game,
and the Polo grounds is tentatively
agreed upon as the scene. Objections
by the midshipmen to the trip from
Annapolis and the entraining for home
without a chance for sightseeing.
we're partially overcome by an an
rounCement that arrangement had
practically been completed by which
the entire student body at Annapolis,
or all midshipmen permitted 10 do
so. may be brought to this city and
given permission to enjoy themselves
until II o'clock on the night Of the
game Under this arrangement 4 spe-
cial train with sleeping cars would
convey the party to Annapolis.
Lieutenants Matthews and Fairfield
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-04-27
DRAW FOR THE DAVIS CUP
WORKS OUT VERY NIGEL

their being given IL. In such case the
men most likely to get places are F.
C. and Arthur Lowe, Kenneth poWelf
and A. E. Beamish Some new ma
tcrial may be uncovered by the time
the English championships are over
Germanys players are regarded as
the most spectacular wielders of the
racquet in Europe The leading play
ers are really under the patronage
of the kaiser. and Otto Froitzheim,
who greatly resembles our own NC
Loughlin in style, is an especial pet
of the emperor an0 the crown prince.
Harold Hackett and Mclaughlin, 1t
will be remembered, had to work hard
to beat the Germans, Kleinschroth
and Rahe, in the doubles in London
last year. Canada will be represented
by Powell and Schwengers, the Ca
madam champions.
The West Side Tennis club9Of this
city and the Longwood club of Boston
are pulling hard for the challenge
round, but it is believed that the great
finale to these matches will be play
ed at Newport.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-04-27
Chinese WIN
ASLOW GAME
Chinese 2, Portuguese &.


An uninteresting game Of ball play.
ed yesterday afternoon at Moiliili
field, resulted as above. La Mere, who
pitched for the losers. was hit hard in
almost every frame, and in the sixth,
with the score to 5 tie, the Chi
nese broke up the game with a
single, a twoIbagger, and a triple,
which, coupled with three bad errors
by the opposition, gave them four
runs. The Portuguese got three runs
off Aki, all in the first three innings.
The features Of the game were the
hard hitting of Lang Akana, and a
couple of hard running catches by
Kan Fat, in right field.
A Malihini named Mason made his
debut as an umpire, and got along
fairly we'll, although he gave too much
attention to the crowd There was a
fair-siZed turn out, and the fans
seemed to appreciate the fact that
the exhibition was limited to a single
game Berger's band gave a concert
before the game, and tore off few
bars between innings.
h.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-04-27
3RD battalion
STILL in THE
LEAD IN 18TH

Especial Star Bulletin Correspondence
SCHOFIELD BARRACKS. Apr. q,
In the 25th Infantry battalion series
game from Major Butts LIST battalion
hopefuls Saturday afternoon.
This game makes seven wins and
two defeats for the Sd battalion. with
one more game TO play.
II the Cd battalion can cop its two
coming games the two organizations
will play off the tie for first place,
IF not, the Sd battalion will bring
home the bacon.
The game was featured by the heavy
hitting of both teams. Phillips, who
was on the mound for the lst bat
talon, was touched for IL safeties,
which Melted II runs. Butterworth.
w. Smith and Redmond, who were on
the firing line for the Sd battalion,
were found for nine hits and 10 runs.
The individuals Who starred wera
Slaughter, Washington and Phillips at
bat, and Collins and Grafton in the
field. Cross gathered a homer when
the bases were overlooking.
Several Practice Games.
The only ball games played yester-
day at the big army post were prac-
tice games, but even these drew large
crowds, for Schofield Is alive with
fans ready at all times to witness a
baseball contest of any kind or de-
scription. More than 1000 attended
the seven-inning game between the
LIST battalion, .25th infantry, and Bat
terry B, the champion team Of the 1st
Field Artillery, in which the latter
was defeated to 4. At another part
Of the post, few hundred yards away,
F troop of the 4th Cavalry was showed
under by Company E of the 25th In
fantry. The final score was IL to l.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1914-04-27

The glance Of an eye, the position
Of q foot, even the way the hands and
arms are swung, are signs Of what Is
about to happen IL one can only read
them. And 1t is the baseball man,
as a rule, who learns to read them.
There are few halfbacks who, in run
ming back kicks, do not have a ten
dency to swing either to the right or
to the left Ever man carrying the
ball likes to have his best arm free,
and some men can swing the hips
away to the right, while others can
switch better to the left The best Of
them-and the exceptions are rare,
indeed-give away their intentions.
1t is the kicker, however, who best
repays close study II he does not
give away the play. then one must
turn to some one else. In taking the
direct PISS from the center the kicker
holds out his arms straight from the
shoulder, the hands as a rule being
palm down. Yet last season one Of
the best kickers held his hands palms
down when he intended to kick and
palms parallel when he intended to
run. There were probably one hun
dred clever football men on the side
lines, yet the first man to catch it"
was an old baseball star. could give
many other instances of this study of
the players. but this one bears out
Birmingham contention admirably.
Among men who know football from
the ground up, and especially the vet
Grams of the diamond, this study Of
players never ceases, and it is this
that keeps the game alive in winter.
for there is winter league" in foot
ball as we'll as in baseball.
1t is possible any time to find a
dozen old football men ready and even
anxious to talk about the game and
the men who play it. their excellences
and their peculiarities. They will
talk baseball. too, and they know as
much about both games as they do
simply because they are quick to ad-
,, NIT that they do not know it all TIC
these men the game is never over. 1t
gets better every time it is re-played
| and If there are battles off the dia
/ lnond there are quite as many battles
off the gridiron and by lovers of both
sports