Evening star., 1914-12-31

lie press, the wife of the French min
lister of finance, Nine. CailauA, sno
and killed the editor of Figaro, castor
Calmette. Her husband resigned MS
office at once and a new cabinet wa
formed. The trial of Nine. Caiilau1
was the premier midsummer sensat,oi
of Paris and resulted in her acqu1tta
July 2s. March IA treaty of peace
between Turkey and Servia was signed
at Constantinople, a sequel to the Bal
kan war. May ! the new Cnfnes'
constitution was published. 1t aooi
ished the premiership and gave IN,
Prince Alexander OIL Teck, Queer
Mary's brother. was appointed govern
or-general of Canada
Troubles in Peru.
May'15 Col. Benavides, leader of the
Peruvian faction which expelled fres'
ident Billinghurst, was elected pro-
yisional president. Three days later
2 group of senators and deputies de-
clared Roberto Leguia provisional
president. The Peruvian supreme
court, however, recognized benasiues
July 21 Ahmed Mira, sixteen years VI
age, was crowned King of Persia Au-
gust &c the French cabinet was recon, ,
structed on a committee OF natlona'
defense basis. Rene FlSlani' soeioiis'
remained premier.
September 10 Turkey notified Vie
outside world that she had done away
with the arrangement whereoy tor
eigners in that country have peen eA
empt from local jurisdiction N sisi,
and criminal cases and under -Wnlch
many special privileges have been en-
1oyed by citizens of other countries
residing in Turkey. Two days later a
note was presented to the Iurhisn
orff faf @.
Russia and Italy, in which 1t was al
1jrmed that the special rights OF aliens
can be abolished only by the powers
that were parties to the original con,
tract Austria and Germany preseh'eu
September % the Albanian senate,
which had driven its recently electeu
ruler-Prince William OF Wied-out oi
the country, chose a Turk ,or KING
prince Burhan-E -Eddin. son of the de-
posed Abdul Hamids of Turkey. The
European powers protested, but tneir
wishes were disregarded. octooer T.
after four months exile, Essad Pasha'
accompanied by an armed force. entel. e.
ed Albania and took possession OF the
government On the day following tne
death of King Charles of Roumania
his nephew. Ferdinand. toon the oath
of office as sovereign.
October IS a rebellion broke out near
the border of German Southwest Africa.
Lieut. Col Solomon G.. Maritz, Boer Of
ficer in the British service, who had been
sent to attack the kaisers colonial Troops
joined forces with the Germans. The
scheme to effect an uprising of the Beers
was frustrated by the loyalty of the Beers
of the Union. October 8 A. Rustem Bey,
Turkish ambassador to the United states,
left Washington, where he had incurred
criticism by his frank view of American
affairs.
Industrial Trials and Triumphs.
An agreeable novelty in the Industrial
situation was contributed by the Ford
Motor Company at the beginning Of the
year in the shape of a proat-sharing plan
by which s10,000,o0O is to be distributed
annually among the $4,000 wage earners
Of that concern. Supplemented by the
cheering news that the great South Afri-
can railroad strike, which had assumed
the proportions of a revolution, had come
TO an end, the labor situation seemed to
be starting out auspiciously. January 19
a strike of the Delaware and Hudson rail-
road men, as protest against the dis
charge of two employees, was settled with
in sixteen hours by the federal board Of
mediation and conciliation.
Despite this rift in the cloud, two great
labor controversies had been left over
from the preceding year-one In the
Michigan copper mines, which began July
.3. 1918. and another tn the Colorado coal
fields. where $4,000 men had been on
strike since September % of the previous
year. Both strikes developed into a strug-
gle OF endurance. violence ensued and fed
striking miners clashed with the state
militia near Trinidad, Colo, and twenty
five persons were killed or burned to
death in a fire which followed. Within a
week the trouble had assumed such pro-
portions that President Wilson ordered
federal troops to the scene 1t was not
until September Is that the strikers and
their employers accepted President Will
sons offer for settlement of their dis
pute. but his plan was rejected The last
day of November the President named a
commission of three. headed by Seth Low,
to deal with the strike Shortly afterward
the strike was declared off
April l all the coal mines of Ohio were
closed down on account of the failure to
unite on an agreement as to a basis of
payment to supersede the one already In
use: The following day the Yorkstire
coai miners, to the number of ITO. 900
men. went on strike to support their de-
nand Tor minimum wage. June 10 a
strike among the West Virginia coal min
ers, which had been on since the previous
september, was declared off, the miners
WaiVing recognition of the union in order
70 obtain other important concessions
July Il the federal board of meSistjnn
ana conctliation again proved its ability
as peacemaker. The engineers and frs,
men OF ninety-eight western railroad
we're on the point of going on strike. bu,
accepted the mediation of the board
Progress in Science and Discovery.
According to reports made tn certain
Foreign science publications early In
the year. Prof. Ernesto Clivi has ner.
ieceed device by means of which he
is apie 10 protect what he terms the
Fray with such force that wsrshins
OF the largest tonnage may be blown
INTO lhe arr. Clivis experiments have
oeen made at his laboratory at CIfchy
1t manufacturing suburb of Paris. ant
IN Itaiy. The famous Danish inven-
Tor Naidemar Poulsen, claims that h.
mas devised an apparatus whereby h.
10 dple 10 send a wireless messa pe
across the Atlantic with an expendi.
ture OF only forty horsepower Mar
com requires thousand horsepowe,
to accomplish the feat
one of the most startling achiava,
inents in recent surgery is the restora-
tion OF paralyZed muscular tissue by
ehe repair and replacement of injured
nerves Experiments conducted bv
Prof; Robert Kennedy of Glasgow
Scotiand. seem to have demonstrated
peyohd doubt tha. this far-reachins
sufsicai procedure is now well within
the grasp of science, and tina, ,.,e
process of exchanging old nerwes 1 fn1
new is likely to become practical In
May u two-wheeled eyroscopic motor
Ear created considerable excitement In
London. 1t the invention of a Rus-
sian scientist residing In EnpIand
faui Schi!awsky. and it is likely thai