davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
-SPANGLED
BANNERS BIRTH
How Francis Scott Key Put in
Verse His Hopes and Fears
in Fight.

Anticipating an attack by the
British marauding squadrons In 1914,
the people of Baltimore sunk some
vessels In the narrow channel between
Fort McHenry and Lazaretto Point
to prevent passage of the enemy's
ships. The fort was garrlsoned by
about 1000 men, volunteers and regu-
lars, commanded by Major George
Armistead. 10 tie right of ii, to
prevent troops lar ding in the rear.
were two redoubts, and on Lazaretto
Point was a small battery.
Such were Fort McHenry and its
supporters on the morning of Sep
TENDER IL, 1914, when the British
fleet. commanded by Admiral Coch-
rane and consisting OF sixteen heavy
vessels, arrived and began prepare :
tions for bombardment of the fort.
At sunset on September 10 five bomb
ships opened fire at distance of two
miles, and kept up well-directed
bombardment until o'clock in the
afternoon. Armistead opened with
his batteries, but the range was too
great and the missiles were harmless.
The garrison was exposed to a ire
mendous shower Of shells without the
power to reply effectively, and at last
a shell dismantled a gun In the fort,
killing a lieutenant and injuring a
number of the men.
Observing the confusion caused by
this casualty. Cochrane ordered three
OF his bombships to move closer to
the fort In order to increase their eff
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17

DO forests tend TO increase rain
fall?
This question has been a much
mooted one since all has been said
about the conservation of natural re-
sources. The destruction of the for
ests, Ii has often been argued, has
been the cause of droughts, says the
Topeka Capital.
According to S. d. Flora, Topeka
weather observer the hoary- headed
superstition that clearing the forests
has decreased rainfall has been pa
raded for the last fifty years in the
Middle West. Such an idea is q dis
tcrtion of the truth. The only way
to settle such a belief is to refer
back to reliable measurements of
precipitation that were begun before
the destruction of the forests, and
fortunately the weather bureau has
several such records. Without i'm
portant exception these early rain
fall records have told the same story
that the rainfall of no part of this
country has changed since white men
first saw it,
Reliable precipitation records that
have been kept almost since the first
settlements were made include the
one at Leavenworth. begun in 1885;
at Lawrence. begun I'm 1868; at Man
haitian, in 1858; that at Hays, begun
i'm 1868. and at Dodge City, begun in
1865; also that at Wallace, begun in
1870.
An examination of these and other
long precipitation records shows that
In the north central counties and gen
orally over the western third of the
State, where the increase in precipi-
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
THE NEGLECTED CHANCERY BILL ISSUE.

THE TREATMENT that the chancellor bill is getting IN
campaign from the advocates of judgemade jury Is
shameful completely ignored and the subject OF Judge
made all. few months ago the
News brsted for the forcbe taking away Oh
grand from the people and handing 1t over 10
Judiciary and boiled with at the Essex
opposed this eaconay step insisted that the people
should be consulted such Importance to personal
liberties chancellor BILL with the safety provision Tor
Asembymen with one notable
exception of the memorable controversy at
Trenton question be decided in the election next
the State shall retain the jury system OF the
operation substitute the alternative law TO be
And the News hasn't word to on the question:
chancellor law is the extreme act desired by the
News law to constitute judicial chamber because
the News advocacy of the adoption of the act
would cnch defeat may explain this reticence live
subject critical time that only FEW
ago it daily in its and editorial columns
wit frantic demands for stafchamber grand iures.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17

Scientific efficiency is being incul-
Gated in Los Angeles teachers, that
they may be enabled to practise what
they preach
With the recent opening of q mer-
camille course. for teachers at the Olive
Street School the Los Angeles public
schools linked themselves with the
city's foremost business men for the
highest development in a business
way, of the children of Los Angeles.
Not all of the $3.50 teachers in Los
Angeles county will take course
at first. But already 225 have en-
rolled and 1t is expected that 400 to
500 will become interested in it be-
fore the end of the school year.
Otto Buehr1nann, expert in business
efficiency, was brought here from Chi
cago by an association of business
men for the purpose of giving this
course in the schools. The business
men urged the Board of Education
to adopt the course and promised their
cooperation with the schools.
The new course as at present out
lined will include:
First-Greater emphasis on business
arithmetic, business English and PEN
manSh1p.
Seconds Efficient business methods
applied to the ordinary things of every
day life.
Third-Business ethics. the dignity
and Importance of a business career
the obligation of business man or
woman to society, business life as a
character builder.
Fourth-Salesmansh and the psy-
chology of business.
, In outlining the scope of his work,
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
To Teach Business Efficiency

Mr.. Buehrmann said, at the first meet
ing at the Oliver Street School:
This is the first city in the country
where this work has been under
taken; where business men have vol
unteered their time and efforts for
the best interests of the school chill
dren. and Los Angeles certainly
should be proud of this fact.
Some of the things of this course
are now taught in the public schools,
but they are not given in such man
ner as to better the students Tor
breadwinning. -
The course will take up how to
compute wages; railroads, miles and
cost: standards of scales, fuel values,
cost of living. as related to food and
clothing; business economy, import
ance of eXactness, kilograms, giving
orders. receiving instruments.
Then we will teach business ethics
which will take up such subjects as
honesty, truth, loyalty, accuracy,
promptness. application, concentra-
ton. enthusiasm, correct habits, in
terest, attention, observation and am
bition.
One of the most important phases
of this course will be the psychology
cal end of it. We will study all
phases of it--desire personality, GUS
tom. suggestion, appeal to reason,
appeal to emotion and SO on. Then
we will consider desire as covered
by the value of money as we'll as
dominated by the capacity to earn.
We will consider selling talk, thrift.
saving, real estate ownership, life in
Surance.
We will consider mercantile eff
cheney in comparison with the recog-
nized professions. 1t gives equal dig
nifty. financial returns and power
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
SUFFER- oUsTED FROM OFFICE AND RUINED

IT WAS enough remove Governor snlzer Fop' o"'
for high crimes msdemeanors without adding 10 a pun
ishment other penalties that might justly be imposed ~
,cton nm three counts Impeachment ndctmea py the
conr Yesterday did the whole sum of the uue
Of which he stood charged which proven to me court
And verdict is not all his deserving but his a ~ s
md the lesson presents is profoundly Impressive SUI
r oes out of public life good He has been dgure IN
POLITICS nearly three decades he served o
vears in the New Legislature and speaker OF ne
Assembly in 1893, and he served ID nine Congresses e
delegate TO four Democratic national conventions. Ahd MS
Sulzer will not now hde nun
self He before the public for in his moral optse
ness believes believe that despite the eVea
and guilt the people are with UNI Anu
he has vengeance CRAFTY. But this will be but as the
sputterng expiring candle Sulzer will disappear "hu
year only whose fate is an example
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
Tho LOTTERY In Porto Rico.

From the Springfield Republican.
Much complaint has been made
lately of the failure to enforce the
laws against gambling in Porto Rico.
where the sale of lottery tickets,
chiefly imported from Spain, has con-
tinued ever since the Spanish regime
1t is estimated that the expenditure
for this purpose last year came to
81, 7S4. 900 in tickets, ranging in value
from 81 to $40 As the lotteries keep
a third. this means an annual cost
to the island of something like half
a million dollars. A few Americans
buy tickets, but the loss falls almost
entirely upon the Porto Ricans, who
can Ill afford to gamble. Yet, per-
haps, for this very reason they are
the more addicted to it. as is the
case in Naples, where the injurious
effects of the State lottery We're
strikingly brought out by Nine. Ma
Tide Serrao in her novel, I'll Paese
di Cuccagne." The less chance is
offered for an escape by enterprise
from grinding poverty. the greater is
the temptation TO try for an escape
by luck. For this reason the lottery
is an institution cherished by the
pooT people OF countries where II
flourishes, and it's abolition, however
well meant. is resented as an injury.
II is possible that this fact is re-
sponsible for the slowness which the
insular authorities have shown in
taking stringent action but one deal
er has lately been arrested and it
is likely that the business will now
be stopped-to the good of the peo-
pie if not to the popularity of the Of
ficials
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
New American Playing Cards

Mrs. John King Van Rensselaer,, So
ciety leader and author, of Philadel-
phia, is soon to appear In the role of
an inventor.
Mrs Van Rensselaer, has devised a
pack of playing cards, each one of
which will bear the etching in black
and white of distinguished woman.
Historical legends will appear below.
There will be four suits, the emblems
of which will be a clown. a serpent,
a Maltese cross and the liberty bell.
The crown denotes royalty and ap-
pears on cards bearing the etchings
of women of royalty. Upon those
bearing the serpent, denoting immor-
tality, appears noteworthy women,
and upon cards bearing Maltese
crosses will appear oppressed wom-
ell. and the liberty bell, American
women. Each one of the last-named
cards will bear the inscription, Tax
alton Without Representation"
The cards were intended for edu-
cational purposes, and although they
may be used for certain games, they
are SO made that they willonot ap-
peal to the gambler. The idea is en-
tirely novel 1t is expected the cards
will be introduced to society about
Christmas. The etchings have been
done by Burton Donnell Hughes.
Betsy Ross is the only Philadel-
phian represented. Below her like
ness it is stated she is the heroine of
Valley Forge. Other American
women appearing on the cards in
clude Sacgea Wea. who piloted the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17

Lewis and Clarke eXpedition; Mrs.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, of New
York, the first woman suffraglst; Mrs.
Samuel Rogers, of Yankee Doodle
fame; Elizabeth Blackwell, the first
woman doctor; Barbara Frietchie,
waving the flag at Frederick, Nd:
lighouse, Newport; Pocahontas Ma
lighthouse, Newport; Pocahontas Ma
Daniel Boone, pioneer settler of Ken
lucky, who, with Frances and Betsy
Galloway, were captured by Indians;
Mrs. Oliver Wolcott, who moulded bull
lets out of the lead statue of George
ILL.,; Mrs. George Washington, wife
of the first President; Mrs. Schuyler,
wife of Major General Philip Schuyler,
who nursed the British soldiers and
set fire to her own grain fields near
Albany, n. Y; the Ladye of Rensse-
laerswick, wife of PATRON Van Rens-
selaer, who at the risk of her life,
protected Father Isaac Jogues from
Mohawk Indians, and Lady Kitty
Duer, daughter of Major General tho
Earl of Sterling, whom Mrs Van
Rensselaer, has dubbed the heroine of
Valley Forge.
Mrs: Van Rensselaer, is said to have
the most complete collection of play
ing cards in the world. She is the
author of the Book of Prophetica1
Educational Playing Cards. and THE
Devils Picture Book" the latter his
tory of playing cards, which is rec
ognized at the British Museum as an
authority on the subject
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
France aud Turkey.

From the Boston Herald
The French government in its Turk
ish loan negotiations has made re-
markable bargain for the advance
ment of French enterprise i'm Turkey.
Railroad and harbor concessions of
great value have been obtained, the
Turkish government apparently be
ing willing to grant almost anything
in order to get some ready money
for it's empty war chest. In this APP
plication of the promised loan. how
ever. it may be disappointed, as the
French foreign minister has hinted
postponement of the loan until the
signing of a peace treaty by Turkey
and Greece. The work to be done
by French capital in Asia Minor and
Syria could not well be carried on
in time of war For the harbor works,
at any rate. there must be freedom
from attack.
France very naturally seeks an
extension of her interests in Syria,
that being the portion of the sick
mans possessions that she has
marked for her own in the event of
their distribution; and in Syria she
now secures concessions for the con-
struction of a railroad and three
harbors. The railroad is to prolong
the branch parallel to the coast from
Kayak to Ramleh on the Jaffa- Jeru-
salem line. for the important purpose
of ultimately connecting Syria with
Egypt. OF the three ports assigned
for French development, Tripoli,
about forty miles from Beyrout,
seems to present no great advantage.
But Haifa. at the foot of Mount Car
mel. on the Bay of Acre, is the best
natural harbor on the Palestine coast,
with a railroad to Damascus. And
the commercial value of Jaffa the
port of Jerusalem, with which 1t has
railway connection, is attested by the
presence of an American consular
agency. These Syrian concessions,
though great. are not surprising, be-
ing in the field of French influence.
The surprising event is the incur
sion of France into the northern field.
Turkey comedies for French con-
struction two Black Sea ports and a
600-mile railway that will pass through
kurdistan and Armenia. The ports
arc Eregli, LIS miles east of Con
stantinople, and Ineboli. about 15O
miles farther on the same shore.
From the latter port the railroad will
go by way of kustamuni and Egin to
kharput, and thence by way of Lake
Van and Erzeroum to Trebizond. 1t
will also. by a branch from the port
of Samsun. connect with the German
system at Sivas. Then German
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17

| had opportunity several years
ago, while spending a day or two at
Concord. Mass. Thoreau's home, to
confirm by visible demonstration
Thoreau's statement that he was
a pencil-maker upon earth. had
made acquaintance with james Gull,
a citizen. who. while he never knew
Thoreau-he went to Concord to live
about three years after Thoreau
death, in 1862 became well acquainted
with Thoreaus sister Sophia.
This sister. at the time of her death,
about fourteen years after the death
of Thoreau. was the surviving mem
Der of the entire family. She dis
covered that Mr.. Gull was fond of
talking with her about her famous
brother. and not so much about his
books as his haunts, his personal
habits and his hermit life by Walden
pond.
asked Mr.. Gull il he had ever
spoken to Sophia Thoreau about her
brothers work as a pencil maker.
"Oh. yes" he replied, many times.
She once told me that her brother
was regarded by the merchants of
Boston, who sold his pencils, as the
most expert maker of lead pencils in
the world. She Furthermore told me
that her father had discovered pro-
cess OF making ledd pcncil5 by USING
a preparation of graphite, and that
the process was a secret in the fam
ilv. All of them used to busy them
selves at times, and their father con-
stantly, in the manufacture of lead
pencils"
| asked Mr.. Gull if Thoreau's sis
ter had eveFS told him why, after
Thoreau's fathers death. they prac-
tically gave up the lead pencil man
ufacture In reply he said: yes, she
told me that the business of making
lead pencils by hand had been ruined
through the introduction of lead pen
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
perils OF the GOLF Links.

From the American Medical Associa-
ton Journal
The ancient and honorable game of
/ golf is not without its misfortunes to
/ the eyes of devotees. Many people
| have lost eyes because, like Lots wife
| they looked back. The familiar cry of
| Fore" has been the signal for ocular
destruction many times. When this
| imperative vocal signal Invertebrates
over the golf field the first impulse of
the average player is to look behind
and this is a fatal mistake. for every
once in a While a ball strikes the eye,
and il usually comes with so much
force as to destroy the eye or seri-
ously damage it. Vision at least, is
almost always lost, and the removal
Of the eye ball itself is frequently
necessary 10 prevent n sympathetic
and fatal disease of the other eye.
The lesson to be learned is not to look
back on the golf field. When Fore"
is called. look the other way, and lean
forward. as il is better to be hit on
any other part of the body than on
the head. Even when Fore" is not
called. it is better not to look back,
except when necessary. as balls are
always liable to be flying Especially
on small and crowded fields). and an
eye injury is always among the posi-
biities.
Another. but less frequent. source of
eye accidents on the golf field is the
reckless and inconsiderate swinging
of clubs i'm making practise shots
when near other players. This is a
common practise and should be
sharply discouraged, as some fatal
accidents have occurred by a crush
ing blow on the head by golf stick.
Eyes have been seriously and totally
injured by the same custom. If play
ers wish to make practise shots they
should do so in remote places where
they will not injure other people.
Eyes are also frequently injured by
being struck with foreign bodies, such
as sand, gravel. etc, flying off from
the end of club, as when a player
endeavors to drive a ball from a sand
pit with a niblick. This eXasperating
performance will frequently be fol-
lowed by a shower of sand. gravel,
etc. flying around the players head,
and eyes are often injured in this
way. The injury is usually slight,
but sometimes more serious conse.
quences ensue, and eyes have been
lost from the consequence of such ac-
cidents
Within the last two or three years
quite number of serious accidents
have occurred from the opening of
golf balls to ascertain their contents.
Most balls contain no fluid, but there
are balls wherein will be found acids.
held there under high pressure, so
that when opened by knife, hatch
ct or what not the acid squirts out.
Not infrequently the eyes and face
have been severely burned. The acid
is supposed to give the ball greater
resiliency and carrying power, but its
use is dangerous. DO not cut open
golf balls to see what they are made
of, or for any other reason.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
sULzER SENTIMENT IN THE ELECTIONS.

NOW THAT the long agony of the Suzer impeachment has
ended what will be the outcome in the November
popular mind in New York Tammany been identified
with the impeachment of the Governor furnishing
and inspirations while Republican has been given
share of the responsibility There is plenty unhinkng
Suzer trial is likely
marked effect upon election results both
and IN New York II will be fusion ticket in
reaf New York where Suzer has sympatzers
sMuposaJ victim Of Taminany
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
SEPARATE CITY MUSEUMS FOR ART.

WHETHER ALL the great treasures of city should
be grouped single building exhibited in other structures
elsewhere is question that arises in connection with
the disposition Altman collection The Metropolitan
crowded and of is boxed in its
of exhibition space. There is yet for
the great Morgan collection. Mr. Atmans alternative of
independent in his spacious residence Fifth
his could be kept together in the Metro
oan Museum contemplated this policy of separate colec
accessible people of
following the examples of Morgan and Altman other
uni6cent patrons of will give their collections city
and there several public there will be ques
ton of space for housing them.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
REMOVE THE PREMIUMS ON CRIME.

THE KEYNOTE of the report by a committee TO the
Prison Association is struck the assertion that
against crime the certainty and CELEBRITY
of punishment Courts of criminal appeal should be
by law disregard technical in the admission or
rejection evidence when guilt plain the accused is al
silent the prosecution should have the CORE
privilege comment his silence indictments
ought simpfed subject amendment during
trial No available testimony bearing the issue should
Testimony taken in lower at earlier
trial that of witnesses dead absent should be made avail
able These criminal procedure would
strengthen protect society The system
is all the awbreaker.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17

ellis made by machinery. They could
not compete with machine made PEN
ellis.
"One day Sophia Thoreau." Mr..
Gull continued, told me thatn she
would show me some specimens of
her brother Henry's skill as a pencil
maker. She went out of the parlor
where we We're talking and | heard
her step on the stairs. I knew she
was going to an upper chamber to
find something which she kept there.
by and by she came into the par
lor and showed me three or four
lead pencils. They We're rough-look-
ing things compared with the modern
lead pencil, but Sophia told me that
she thought any one who knew them
would find them better than the best
of machine-made pencils.
There are only a few of these
left" she said, land l am treasuring
them carefully. These were made by
Henry, and were among the last
batch that he made"
"She gave me three or four of these
pencils and / knew she did that be-
cause she appreciated my interest in
her brother. will give you two of
the pencils because you seem so
greatly interested in Thoreau."
Mr. Gull went to his home and a
! little later brought me two lead pen
ellis. They We're of cedar wood, I'M
vanished, nor had they been sharp
ened.
I have them now and they are WISH
BILE evidences of the handicraft OF
Henry d. Thoreau
! Copyright, 1918, by e. J. Edwards
| All rights reserved).
1 IN.
IAN Instance of William III. Wander
lbilt'S Generosity
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
CANvAssING THE POLITICAL SITUATION.

QUIET CANVASSES being made in the by party
managers feel the pulse the This
red mostly in the large of population What the
results disclose withheld from public knowledge poll
this kind must make due allowances all times
especially the when party ties sit lightly
voters minds change night At the time
percentage of the given
negotaor nsncere aeetious The average
like say how he will except among his init
mates unless he is active organization Probably
rhe real complexion of the contest in the
revealed until election night
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-10-17
The Judges Little Joke.

a pickpocket was before a certain
judge in the Municipal Court charged
with larceny. The judge leaned over
to the officer in charge, Of the case
and said
II guess I'll fine him $25.''
But he has only SIS, your honor .
We'll. then turn him loose i'm the
crowds and he'll soon get the other
$40" said the judge. in such a. mat
ter -of-factswa that at first the OIL
car was taken in. Exchange.