The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-05-02
SUPREME COURT
OF WHOLE WORLD
.
Speaker at Peace Conference
Believes II Eventually viii
Be Established
WAR WILL Be ABOLISHED
international Tribunal in Place
OF The Hague Institutions
WILL SETTLE ALL DISPUTES

't' LOUIS May E.--out of the dltii-
culties which now attend the Inter
| national Peace movement ultimately
VIII be evolved a plan whereby war
VIII be abolished, according To the
Views of Prof. William I. Hull Of
Swarthmorc college. who spoke be-
Tore the Fourth American Peace Con,
gress today. His subject was. The
Hague Tribunal; it's Present Meaning
and its Future Promise"
III Is as logical Tor the Supreme
Court of each OF the rorty-eight
states of the American union TO
adludicatc the laws Of the union,
as IT Is for the Supreme Court of each
Of the forty six states III the family
of nations to adiudicate the conven-
lions agreed upon by that family at
the Hague said Prof. Hull For
the sake of consistency, FOR the sake
OF freedom from national opinions,
prejudices. passions and interests. for
the sake of international good faith
Of international peace and in,crns-
tional justice. there must bc estab-
lislled a supreme tribunal which shalt
hold masterl<ey for all the intrica-
cles Of international law.
1T is automatic that this supreme
court of the nations must owe alleg-
lance. not TO any one power but to
the same supreme International au-
thority which has adopted the inter
national conventions which the court
Us destined to cxpounl and enforce
The Hague tribunal can never be. Of
course supreme Of Itself Tta righ.
to existence. as we'll as its charter of
liberties. arises from the intcrnation-
al convention which has established
II, while back of the international
convention, lies the will cr the ma
tions.
THE United States Supreme Court I,
Is the visible and audible conscience
OF tile American people; the interna-
tlonnl tribunal must be the visible |
and audible conscience of the family !
of nations. The American people have !
established their Supreme Court as {;
barrier against their own sudden pas /
sions and impulses; the tribunal ut /
the Hague must preserve national |
liberty end justice by combining the
national dogs of war TO the kennel Of |
International law.
Court Of hrbtrsI Justice.
The term Hague tribunal la
broad one and includes two institu-
tions which have already been es-
tabllshed, one for which is projected.
and at least one which is dreamed of
FOR the future. The institutions al
ready established are, first. the Inter
national Prize court which was
agreed upon in the Hague conference
of 1907, by the representatives Of
thirty one out of fortv-four powers
and which has been ratified by twelve
of these thirty one powers. but which
is not destined TO be put in operation
except I'm time of war: and second.
The Permanent Court Of Arbitratio
which was agreed upon I'm the Hague
conference of 1899, and which has
been ratified by every member of the
family Of nations.
This so-called Permanent Court of
Arbitration consists of list Of judg
es appointed by the various powers,
not more than four judges to be APP
pointed by each power. II is pro-
vided with "a permanent admnistra-
i've council, composed of the diplo-
matte representatives accredited to
he Hague. and an International bu-
'eau. both Of which are designed to [
facilitate a resort to the court. The
Judges of the court all reside in their ,
)wn countries, and act as judges or
,rbtrators only when three or five ,
If their number are chosen by two
powers In dispute To form an arbitrai
tribunal to arbitrate the dispute. Thir.
cen Of the arbitral tribunals have
,een formed since 1902, aud have 8
,lven their decisions on twelse dis ,
,utes. All Of the great powers ex- y
,ept Austria Hungary. have submit 1
ed one or more disputes TO these trl- (,
,unals, and the decision has been ac- {,
lucsced in without difficulty I'm every ,
ase. T,
IT is urged that the Permanent
'ourt of Arbitration Is defective I'm
-arluus particulars. and that side by
ide with IL, there should be estaL-
vhlch was agreed upon at the Hague !,
onference OF 1907. but which has not :
'een constituted because OF the de-
nand that each of forty-five nations
hall appoint one judge to a bench
which. II is universally admitted.
hould not have more than fifteen
udees This court Il is claimed. can
e composed of judges who shall re-
ide In or near the Hague. and be al .
vays ready to try "a case instead of(