davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Las Vegas optic. (East Las Vegas, N.M.) 1908-1921, 1913-03-08
WOULD HURT HIS CONSCIENCE
EDWARD HlLLMAN DOES NOT
WISH HIS EMPLOYEES TO BE-
COME IMMORAL
TALKS ABOUT INCOMES
is NOT SURE sALEsWoMEN CAN
LIVE UPON THE WAGES PAID
TO THEM

{ A~Na
Chicago, March 8. The work of the
Illinois senate vice commission bore
fruit today, when letter was received
by Chairman Barrett O'Hara from E..
f. Mandel, president of Mandel Broth
ers, who was a witness yesterday,
stating that the had raised the mini
mum wage of juveniles to S4. The
juveniles are girls between the ages
Of 13 and is years who are employed
on small errands.
Wherever possible, by reason of the
aptness or general fitness of the girls,
the wage will be over $4. In addition
Mandel stated that, following a sug-
gestion Of the commission, he will
employ an investigator to look into
the statements made by applicants to
ascertain if they can live on the
wages they are to receive.
Edward Hillman, of Hillmans,
big department store, was jovial and
frank witness of the forenoon, who
greeted the proposition of an investi-
gator with enthusiasm, and promised
10 hire one or more at once.
Chairman O'Hara expressed gratifi
cation al the attitude Of the employ
ers.
eve asked for their cooperation
because we feel that they, as public
spirited citizens, are as much inter-
ested in corsecting social conditions ar
we are, said OHara.
Much time was consumed with a
personal matter between O'IIara and
John M. Glenn, secretary of the Hi
nois Manufacturers association and
owner of the Manufacturers News,
organ of the association. O'Hara
threatened to go into the courts anent
an editorial in the Manufacturers
News" stating that it was the publish
er's Judgment that the vice inquiry
was due largely to a desire to force
the great retailers Of the city to give
a newspaper on which O'Hara was
formerly employed great quantity
of advertising.
Glenn insisted that the editorial re-
Elected his judgment and 0'Hara read
sweeping denial into the records,
Only one girl was a witness today,
She was % years of age and was
known as Il. W." only, as the names
OF women witnesses are not made
public. II. w" who wore a crochet
ed cap with red bow, and who look
ed much less than her age, was a
servant at Oregon City, H.. she said
A male friend brought her to Chi
oago, but on her first night when
she did not earn enough TO sat
isfy him he beat me UP and shook
him.
~where is he now?@ asked Senator
JUL.
He's serving six months in the
Bridewell,' came the reply yindict
lively.
The prisoner may be called as a
witness later.
This morning Edward Hillman,
of the Hillmans, one Of the citys
largest department stores, was the
first witness before the Illinois vice
commission The witness thought
there was in some cases a connection
between low wages and immortality
among women.
do you think that woman would
sell her virtue before she would
starve2" asked Lieutenant Governor
Barrett O'Hara. chairman Of the com
mission.
Eyes. do" came the prompt am
swer, the first Of the kind from EN-
ployers thus far heard.
Thank you" said O'Hara. appar-
emily surprised at the admission.
Hlllman said that si7 girls and wo-
men are employed 81 his atore. Oh
Las Vegas optic. (East Las Vegas, N.M.) 1908-1921, 1913-03-08

CONTINUED on Page Four)
Las Vegas optic. (East Las Vegas, N.M.) 1908-1921, 1913-03-08

Would you like to be q
payless county
oficer7
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
ON ABOUT JUNE |

wa will eItenh our uHQal annnaI n. rftatloh to. the pubic In orASE iME they may Inspect our 1uId EtAmEe plunIA 1ty careful ordering xs M14 heeh able 10 ol6EA EntlrelY ez+ fl rnkats every spring and thtA sAaf' ssa De n1 exception. Our pricea nI nf. teen rnntH fut lreet and muttOn ta, Increased ers SalA of thaEe ztt1cIaI \ per cen1 oyer last yeor-
 Ab1aL June 10th tfs will look ter IAA old faithful .AF.AkA MsRt WAEou" tAs Elihr Thpnspn@ ~Rn ca1En of ItiHa br%1 selectEd from ths eSn9angT ranches Cthre1 in nunbef) wa1rs tAT are tRttenInE flftnEu theHs]rd Ii'sM fer the Alaska trade.
 ICe are also arranging Co fuFE'Ih onr customers win the hnsl euts<r and ckEs to he had ia tho iiArFse q ;re layu all Lhe facilities tdr d1iF~' ing produce direr. 1rOsn tha PPdaueF ,o you i,, the best pdAG'bIs cnadIti41 aud also cneaper by cutting duf HE mIcltle nan's to1nMllRsiop.
 "AI.AaKA'S BEST FF1ERn Thn ls ltT *
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
ChIIRCh aERNIcEA.

Services vii: ha conducted tomnr- row nt inc cnngreGatlnM' rhrrcf1' Julln PRrSIas. minister,
 sinnduy school aT Il II. m hIhI% -.ufy rIassrs IUr alL ages
 IssvntsonEi meeting of tho Chrlatlnn IsndsAror aI S:45 D. m. Topic. "The Il+.,I Christian. tIIs ZsuL-" LendrE. Airs. E!rnnEtt,
 PuIHlc wprsh1p at < n'hoak. BTiet sung servicp- The choir will reudcr. Like as Father FItleth His ChI- tlren.' Ard "JorrSRlem the Golden"
 ErrvIre rf prayer hHd uLhle Btutty IFe,Ines1Ry rrenInE al the pAar4Dha 6 q
 After Ihf patriotic lrN"eiog Friday evening !he Ladies' &Lh SncictT are tU Higg m HpplepiG social.
 Choir rehearsal Trlfay "veninE al r 70 o'1IpSk.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
LENTEk MISSION. ST. MA1fs
 CHURCH,,

On sunday itha nrat GunRu. in Lehtj wLs hcEnn special series 1f services known us ,L "Miaslon-" some what on tho order or the 'or1nGeI . ;st;C" nr "ncvivulT service. The sea 1n0rss TII Hr nu "sIyaieF!cH Gt I.lf@. RsrC.ati1ns nr I;eh." m Standby nIEr- ingz, and on Wednesday cveniuH !lsc tnp1cs Ineluair traits in thr Ideal Charlottesville Character ni Christ. The EcrricEs arc held nniy oil SunaaS and Wednesday evenings during I.elIi, '4t 4 o'clock. Queries aud cuMmcnts on thu addresses and rAaucsls rnr prayer may hr received h LllE hux nt inc door. TheEe ssrrires will Caralat of seveFRi hErnns. prayer Thh% rHad. ing, and sermon.
 Subject tomorruw trcnlnE-"Nys irry %p. l-Reve1Nlion No, l.-'
 The reEular congregation, strAnEura and thu public sro Invited and enrn- ratIS trfpIpsted 'D attend thesA RET vicea
 Celebration nf thu HnIs EurhaFlae at +L Mu.. with special inleTccaRLpns for che mission: and sSundAE Schnn' at II a. nl.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
OHIO SITE AT THE FAIR.
RpatiAi kRHaet eArrIes.

HpsesAt FRbnpI 6SfNtERt
 BAN FRASCIsCo. Feb. 7.-aover- nor 1uds0E Harmon aud 1ha members nf Ll1a Ohio ExDoSItInn crmruIasl1n ss. Iee.ed . HitA for tho Buckeye stAIc's participation iu tho exposition Eu tlu, presence of tnN thousand pAortc. Prov 1puA t0 the ats a%tseiInE ceremonies T lrncbenn YRS rendered thc Ghv4Ehur. hlA military stan ahd exposition com nlHslnrerA by rho Iatrsctprs 9t the ax- pnAilion and Rt S1nt lunuhscn, 0cver- ncr Harmon declared that Ohio w0t1ld mAkn a insignificant showing at The 1na5 worlds KaIr, He sHtd:
 T oArl assure you tLat our vizlt tIsne far nas been joy tb all ot us and wa will go bark wllh nnat pleasant nem- nrlDs of yOur hospitality, Ahd ready ccnsCientipuR1y tn make a. retsort that will pleRsS you a1I of what wa have seeh of the great Ahtstprine you hAva undertaken. Va wili not unjy rrpniHe you at ekhlpit of unr saEt4aard!narY and varieda anAaStr1sAv hut wa .%tIi send xsu tnA hsst sxtsHit- ~s nevs kpt -tfke ts--cng HAh AaA 1Vra1nt+
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
FILEa DEMURRER.

George a;rEsbS. nctiEB in hchaIf Of Ichnn TlhsCE In tho case brph&ht by ths Pioneer Mining Company. flied o lomareeT to tho complaint today.
 The Pioneer NIIinK Company brought suit for the recovery of rhl sold which .ibefg Eas hccuasOte oi stealing. Mr. urIxshY flied the dc. murter on the grounds that the c1ffl- pIoInt of the company rdoos not staIG tnets sufficient to constitute cause of action Agntns. Ihe dAfon6af1t.'
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
DEMOCRATS WILL
 VOTE DEMOCRATIC

askzns" rT.d decInf0d that every man whu Haa willing tp riedKE hlmSAlf to tnfr m fuluru for demonrattc noniNHas EhcuIIi Le permitted tn 1oln ths dem- oorntLr club.
 | discussion followed in which the duesrton as to whether IrosE whp gIgnrd at the prorIouH msAfing need sisu AKaln or noi. Q, D CoshTAH in- nIstui1 that Cnch should siSn directly now and tfus pledEt .himself. a. D. Christian heartily endorsed this, The rruor. wan adopted md a reeess wAs ra,Ind 10 permit pf the signing of names.
 On resumption sne election of Uf- hcerp wAA taken up. Cochran nom- Inated rhH ErMHt for prss1dsnt. PleIn n,pvAd romlnatIOns rloae. TrNwleY moved secretary cast the naIl6t. All carried
 urtKsby nur1InarAd Dave PinaBl for first vice -president MeI<Ay moved ndnlInztioDa cioh& Bounds moved thnr .ecertarS eAzt ballot. All rar- rEed jukt az smooth. There weru tesH democratic candidates than they had in August.
 pz.y nunluArAd Phi1 Murphy ror second vIcu president. O'Eem htbred that seurttars- east the bGlint- Carried Gerashfy moved tfob Sonlers fer ssn+ rctary -trensurer. Chairman 6eeIII cd him eiautAA.
 The sergeant ht arms, ]. J. Me 1rnl. was appointed AccosdIIS In 'l.c r.snstltusiCi, hy the prnSIdenL
 Following this came I discussions ns to the ttmc Ut which meetings of tiIc dub EhUaId taEe place. It wss finally acesdef that meeiiAgs be summoned ty the president whenever fifteen members ot the club hiAds a written sprIIHaLinn to that effect
 After thfs Ihs meeting &dtourued.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
DlvORCES IN
 NEVADA STOP
ONE YEAR'a RESIDENCE IN STATE WILL BE NECESSARY
 6o0N.
ePseiaI Nueev4 &asSaeA

0PNeiAI NueevS %eeSseA
 CARSON CITY. Feb. S.-ThA house yesterday passed bill which makes 2 one year rBHidanee m the state nec- essAryr hefore securing hivurr& Thi' bill Ia certain to become law aH fA' maTkablo revulaion Of feeling hiA iAk eR piaca in Ihc natter nf divorce and the lays On divorce which has madt N0vatiA a bye word all ever the cuIn trS.
 Some peOpis oppose the new bill oE tlI4 grounds that lts azgsasH will tnite business away from parts of fhe state Rano Rnnwa particularly st-enE upp9' alton but all the opposition will rcl be anything like Ru'Ec!eUt to d+feAI the measure
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
JOHN HECNESS
 IS MARRIED
POPULAR MAIL EoNTRACTpF AND MISS LE R1uEANa9R
 ARE UNITED. :

4RReiza Nugget s%t+tTs-
 COUNCIL. AIaska. Feb. a.-A very pratsy ~sddIuE uncHrTsd here 'Ias' night when John Fiegnesa. ths popu'Ha mnIl contractor of Ncme. and MiSh Marie Lvuiae LL hculansv< were "nlf- ed In the holy Ronde ot z"a'rirnons at the lobby or the Marks h1tel: Judge Adams officiating: ". c. ElnR act!nE aa best man and Mrs. George pia- msnd Of Nqme gave the Lri&e away After the ceremony \ dainty luhchSoN ~as served in the dining r"onn Of the hotel
 Ammg those preaent were Df and Mrs. wAlct, Mrs. GR1rgc paaNpRd. pr. faamseY. Roy Morrison. Mfs. MarE' ham. Capt. spinnsY. ". q. Eln's, FL . mrr Reed and Judge Atans.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08

Ferhaps Laif lI'U neh Thu r'eoK~n ihpnnaslveR last night al the deHln- rr1tlc meeting 10 votc for the deno- cratic nominees for oTsr nuTe arc lhe ra&n who ~Ithin tue past halt A year yetcJ +Itsre fur GilsAars IT Wicket sham.
 Flci1L HOW Ihr members of the Nnne L+nlour atlc committee wonder why they starleG thnt dub. cf scnnrae they Intended Lo have present At the me"t i ings only those %hh Atood IlInl lC ;. rk and egIl days.
 OnA of lhose ruIhrniItssGnsh EaE asked In the haIl hst nlEht why the club vas organized n,IL what lis us*s were
 "p-d If I know he saidI
 Welt. the report of the enmut4ltes on psrTnanent organization gas tE2d. Owing to the agitation which had hssn raIsed the aemmiteep deer14d It ad- riSpIhe tn have preamble to she lis' nI RtkhHAlINS, ' tHH pEoAsS" O'FT'-- mat 0vn,'y man who signed ihe roll promised to support heHcefnrth nem- 1erAtic noInipces Nor Is tHrars any, tieang contained In mat pledge which wIIE permit of sufficient mental Tescr- vAt!vn tI salrr the is1nsc'ence fur 1u' lure actions that might be similar f" lhnsu in Ihe grand dhhacle of AuEus' Is. 1912.
 Tha srrlng ones of the deI1ocratic party in SunC mtrc 1ome bark tn inc fold. The IrodlEal sons are &t hortir nnee more Puss cni A slice Of t,1e fat fed calf and a lItfle plum pfc, Father aemocr0oy, torzITA them. for thry knew what the! Ald.
 Let uA get hack t0 earth,
 WilIlAm NAloHsY. chairman Of ths eurnmittes Oh permanent organization. read the report when thA meeting was caHhd ID order by [nhu Weh1L Ths report recommended the form which the orsontEAuon should take fixed thf uTtniaI list. recommended tho uphold ing Df inc prInclpls of "AlaEsa for AL
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
FIERCE STRIKE RIOTS
 IN WEST VIRGINIA

they w~ru lucky 10 get nWhy with their Gvss. The company managers found matters in so serious a. nnEditlnn last nIEht thpt they cent word to tho gov arnvr asking fer troops and II 10 ,hoaght IkeIy that some will he nIs- lntHhud I0 the gcCn<.
 several dwelling hpUTss have "IsC hren wrecked
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
spzcsaI Nugget SsrvieA

NEW YORK, Feb. e.-FIve minutes If silence throughout the world may ceiehrAte a CcntuU nt peace between tho United sLAtAs and Great Britain or Christmas eve. 1St1.
 This ts the proposal wh1glL has heeh made md which Ia nDN being taken un by public bodieA in EnxEAnd and Tn Ih3s city.
 The propua1I Is that Gfl nations se sleed to join; At a certain naoneht all the peoples of aD nations will Stop s5.ua kjnK. stvv lYafac and svsTythinE
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
COKE HILL Ar WORK.

Recent advIce9 from Ruby tell al Coke 1l1II securing an offlre where he will narry cn hls work Is United States commissioner. Ths dog r1es to 1Ie rup ai RhLy wIIl he Trn from that " ln discovery, LnnR creels, nut l.hck.
 Discovery ts Gcur;shinE inwr which has been built near the rlnl ground on that creek. CeMuisEtcnr, HHt is the est0K mover in the estah ILatfnent of the race.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
SILENCE OVER WORLD
 FOR FIVE MInUT IFS

else.
 Tine ttcnry uf GhenL b%tTrcn ta'e country md Granr Britain WIS s1EnstI on Christ mas eve lSlA and has nefrr been brOkoa in suite Of Inc many threatened trOunleH-
 The pes.ce nomnissinnerH ht that tIme fixed the dispute about ehe boundary hoiwren thh UritAd S.ui c: Eu1 Canada
 The American commisHlonnrA were John Quincy Adalus, Jslufs BaYa"t. Henry Clay, Juhhtnan RMsset and AL tsaTt GaIIhtin.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
BILLIE LANGooN FAGL6 AND BREAKS HIS ARM

uuIie LanXdOn brUkH flls light arm today by n raII. I'ne break nrcmrrd near tho wrist bur the inIuFsa man came tc town and wnS placed under chIproT0rm by DC. Shan.
 Mr. LRngrons $olI waR due In MIp- rlnf on the En1v out nR0r Dexter creek.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
TEDDY LGNoaHEk e.. GETS UGLY STAB

Charles OalhEs TaE pLa?rn under arrest ekIs afternoon on Gr charge of zta6btng Teddy LundEren Inrlng an aitercatIOn in urn ITIntET SnlccR.
 LnndErEn received cut which reachRd from his npse to n peiut un- der the lPft gar He Tas also stabbed in tho arm. Roth cuts were ao~eGt Np by Dr. Sloan
 The thtns happened su uu1r&lT that no one who WAS pr ssent saw the k1IfE until the damage had been dane,
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
sPss,a, Nu nas1 SsrVie4

sPos1a' Munasf SarViee
 CHARLESTON. FeIL s--'oa1 RlriHs riots of the hrrcsst kind ooptin1e in KaAawah county and troops may hIl"' to b% called Crt today.
 Tlls strikers hNrc demolished .s Lrr- mepdnus AnUun. oE the property nt the rutnph n[HA Special rulEce md the mob hayn come into s<rlors rutIf1tct ;Lnd several men on both sides have. been injured I'D severely th1t the hoH- ptthi accommodations Are taxua tn tho limit.
 Some strike breAkCrz were ;mpprtef but Eetr so SapageIy attacked tknt
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
THE CONSTANT USE OF
 HAMMER CAUSED TRoU9LE

H,lI Ol3vRr'a haEu which was opt.' atrd npou A few days akr was injured hot by q blow frotti hammer but by q causs which 4s ernsid1rcd rcmGFka-
 h,e. lay thH constant Iae nf ti'% ham, .asr rhe patrr of tho hand hscnne swollen 10. xucn Gn extent thst ths creratICn wAs 9auDd 10 oe necessary.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
TELLER ESCAPED.

T%Iln ls thr only tdWn "n S"TarH P,1Lnsu,a whirh +sCLuei shs epidemic ar lA ErIppe. Ttny Davenport saFs no Hne suffered Ernm it at all ur thcTs- Thls seems 10 hcIr out the statement ttr,t the epidemic was taken to C"dh- ril l.s Lun4 Council Tlen Ehc !Hrt xn.te rnr taanIe IuTInK lne spId+'nl''
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
CHICKEN Pox IS
 FADING AWAY AtzAlf!

That the chicken ppx epldeRlG is ERdIDW away again ia the EEatercht by Dr. I.~M. Eioan, city health atfitAr. Some children aTe stEI stffCT;ng from it but ulCre la no dAhHer 10 be feArHh from IE, he eaYa
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
IT IS UP TO Vn,

T" send I" the fEisMdV who ha.p ham "FittHG tn you for InfornnAisua ab,T, Nome nHd itE Teauurceb. g CODY If tI. MiniEG and rradkiRs Edition or ,I. Daily Nugget price sD sent1. 3cp1 s.. nu the next mail.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
AEMp YunA AAthna&

Ta ht FeoDAer Laundry 4hsrt sss will rocafvA Ep04 RpTk aaAsHG,A ,u none hut ~hits @Hplsyx4. EAA vS,,;. Use sLAndsrd KAEA
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
Special NUFsst SSr~ies.

Special NUFsst Service.
 WASIEiHGTT1N T. c. Feb. S.- Ths sentiment amongst t9ngr%ssU1cu seenle la hc hlL in favor UI upEnlnE distance and la 9he bEhc ut recent agitation fur its opening people sEsn tn think il IA ahout re h.rome anothrr
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08

We carry ths hiaus+t Etsrk 4 AiA. d srd eAnnpd ASh ia A@uA 1hhttsf Lahmann.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
FELL AND BROKE THUMB,

John Wanger slipped Oh me street today ant frH sn Fiulariily that ha tH surT6tiuE rom a broken ehumb.
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08

We hnvs ths eISAHsA and &eG4 0ASes' ei aroosris4 in NSmA Try u& Thsr9H lAhmann+
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08
CONGRESS WILL SURELY
 BUILD RAILROADS

South Africa with 6Trut indusTTiss n11d sree towns es vet Is with laF#s agricultural ponutarIon-
 Ths amount asked fur the rA!lroneI is Cous dcred aman Ia pruprrEiUn to shn ',cnefitx to be nc15iT+d
The Nome daily nugget., 1913-02-08

Tns Aoms pacar is shs kAnSp nsil1 NuGask-
Lincoln County times. (Jerome, Idaho) 1911-1919, 1913-08-28
MEAD0WLARK A PEST2
Belongs to Same Family as
Blackbird and OrioIe.
Amount of Damage Done by This Bird
Varies With Depth of Planting,
Condition of Soil and Prox-
unity to Pastures.
CBy H. c. BRYANT.)

The meadowlark is not a true lark,
but belongs to the same family TO
which the blackbird and oriole be-
long. Since the meadowlark of the
eastern states differs from that found
IL the western states in both song
and coloration, the bird of the west
Is termed the western meadowlark.
This is a common bird from Wiscon-
sin. Illinois, Iowa, Texas. etc, west TO
the Pacific coast. also ranging north
into Canada and south into Mexico.
The meadowlark is we'll known be-
cause of its size, bright plumage and
cheerful song. 1t is a conspicuous
bird OF treeless areas and a freQuenter
Of the meadow and pasture. In Cali
fornia it is found from sea level TO
attitudes of 1000 feet in the noun
tains. 1t is most abundant in the
great central valleys where, in some
places. the birds may be seen con-
gregated in iocks OF fifty or more.
feeding almost entirely on the ground
This meadowlark appears 10 be one
Of the few birds which is profting by
the increased cultivation of land. AL
falfa furnishes particularly good food
and cover for the bird and grain fields
Lincoln County times. (Jerome, Idaho) 1911-1919, 1913-08-28
Cresmerles and the DAIRY

The creameries have sounded the
kneil OF the dairy. and the sooner our
dairymen realize the fact the bette,
II VIII be. The consumer is not IN
be blamed for preferring factory bu,.
Ter for by SO doing he is liable IN
secure an article OF uniform exceI.
ience Dealers. especially retail gro
cerinen. seldom make a distinction in
iaVor OF first dairy buttermakers. pay.
ing the same price for the article be
II good. bad or Indifferent, and IN
consumer. up to comparatively ra.
cent period. has been seldom able n
get two pounds of butter at differen,
tunes from the same store and find
them OF uniform quality. Creamery
butter is always reliable. and the
dairy article must go.
Lincoln County times. (Jerome, Idaho) 1911-1919, 1913-08-28

are often chosen for a home. With
the furnishing of still more good food
and cover, combined with the destruc-
non OF some of its enemies, the west
ern meadowlark may be expected to
still further increase in numbers.
Oats appear to be preferred. In the
fields inspected, damage was greatest
IN sandy soil, for here the grain is
more easily obtained. Next 10 the
condition of the soil, the factor gov
erning the extent OF damage appears
TO be the proximity of the natural
habitat of the bird. Fields bordering on
marsh grass lands and pastures suffer
most In some instances the meadow
lark have followed the drill row for
distances of four to six feet and ap-
parently pulled every sprout. Barley
and wheat are attacked to a less ex-
tent than oats. Field corn and sor-
ghum are not damaged.
Meadowlarks can succeed in pulling
The sprouting grain only when it first
appears above the ground. After the
second and third blades appear the
plant is we'll rooted and the kernel
40 longer essential to the life OF the
plant Only the grain which is within
one and one-half inches of the surface
is ootainable- Hence the difficulty of
obtaining the kernel and the ter
mlnation OF the time during which
the kernel is essential to the life of
the plant soon makes destruction i'm
possible. Hard, dry soil precludes
attack Damage is greatest after the
soil has been softened by rain. In
vestigation shows that fields appar-
emily greatly damaged while the grain
was sprouting have shown but little
damage at harvest time. In some
cases certain amount Of thinning
may be beneficial SO that unless the
damage Is great the birds may per
FORM real service. The fact that
oats Is most seriously damaged and
that, with the exception OF barley and
wheat, other grains are not attacked
also minimizes the amount of possible
damage
When the benefits conferred by the
meadowlark are balanced with the
INJURIES there remains no doubt that
the bird deserves protection. Its
value as destroyer of injurious in
sects FAR exceeds its detriment as a
destroyer OF sprouting grain. The
value OF one of these birds living to
one dead is as five pounds of insects
and one-half pound OF weed seeds is
to one and three-fourths pounds of
grain. considerable part of which Is
made up of wild oats and waste
grain.
A strong point fayoring their pro
lection is to be found in the fart that
the damage to sprouting grain fields
can be largely prevented by planting
grain deeply and drilling instead of
oroadcasting, two measures highly
advocated as favoring larger crops.