davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
LARGEST OF OFFICIAL FLAGS
Mammoth Banner Hangs In the Mid
die Of the Post once Building
at Washington.

II patriotism were measured by the
yards Of red. white and blue bunting
made into the form Of the nag of the
nation. the biggest assignment Of II
would be found In the post ONCE build
ing at Washington. for here hangs the
biggest Official flag that was ever
made. although there are larger unof-
ncial flags. II also was made at the
little nagshop on the side street The
building which houses the headquar-
tiers of the postal service and keeps
its finger on the pulse Of all Uncle
Sans malls. boasts this mammoth
flag.
The great building Is constructed
about q hollow square at the bottom of
which is the glass-roofed floor space
where the local mail Is handled. Above
this rise eight or nine stories Of ma
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

Fruit for Home Zee.
When fruit Is cheap and plentiful
In the market its value for homo use
ID not by any means lesssned.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
f1oTticulI!!tura!
3f1eSWASaD
COMBAT DISEASE AND PESTS
spraying 10 Necessary to Proftsb,s
Growth Of Either Fruit or Oar.
den Truck Crops.


The loss incurred from plant dis
eases is often underestimated by the
farmer; passes unrecognized, or In
regarded as natural and Inevitable.
As a matter OF fact plant diseases are
exceedingly destructive, and the differ
ence between profit and loss on Q
given crop is often traceable to the
way in which the plant diseases are
handled. In general. plant diseases
may be described as including all rots.
molds, blights. mildews. rusts. SHUTS
and spots OF various kinds Many OF
these depreciate the value OF the yield
or cause It's loss during storage Leaf
spots, blights. etc, reduce the amount
OF green matter OF the leaf, and there
by reduce the starch. making power OF
the leaf. The purpose OF the leaf is
to produce starch. to nourish the wood,
twigs and fruit of following months
and years. II the green portion OF
the leaf and It's starch-producing pow
er be destroyed future yields must suf-
fer accordingly.
There are several hundred serious
and injurious plant diseases. or these
many can be prevented by proper
treatment, although. Of course. there
are many others for which no salts
factory treatment is known.
Wherever fruit or truck crops are
raised commercially we now ind that
spraying forms part Of the care of the
crop Just as much as does tillass.
pruning and fertiliIins. Spraying II
. necessity to the profitable growth OF
these plants. Many people object to
the Idea Of spraying. saying that their
grandfathers could raise abundant
good fruit without spraying This may
be true. but we Of today cannot do It.
Diseases have increased In number.
Many have been imported into this
country from foreign countries. Dis
eases which prevailed In only one or
few states now spread over the
whole United States. Diseases which
were formerly trinins in injury have
increased to be very injurious. SO that
the crop producer Of today must face
the fact that to raise profitable crops
he must take steps to prevent plant
diseases. In many instances an out
lay Of few cents gives q return of
several dollars. Orchards entirely
useless are frequently made product
i've by proper treatment. Every far
mer should gain knowledge concern
ing the chief diseases Of his crops. and
should equip himself to fight them.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
. Orchard
Inflammation
STRAWBERRY EASY TO GROW
No Fruit Grown That VIII Adapt II
ssw to Such Diversity Of soils
and Conditions.

The small fruits, comprising the
strawberry, raspberry. blackberry.
currant and gooseberry, play a very
important part In the economy OF the
household. inasmuch as they come at
a time when there Ia q scarcity Of
other fruits and oftentimes OF vegeta-
bles as well. So II is very important
that every farmer especially should
set apart a plat OF ground sufficiently
large to be capable Of producing all
the small fruits that the family can
possibly consume during the year. The
sire of the plat will depend somewhat
upon the size Of the family.
There is probably no fruit grown
that will adapt itself to such a diver
sity OF soils and conditions as the
strawberry. For that reason II can be
grown by practically everyone. in near
ly every portion OF the United States.
who has a few square rods Of good
soil which CAP be devoted to that purS
pose.
The soil for strawberries should be
q deep rich loan. capable OF holding
much moisture. Whether It be clay or
sand. It should be made deep and rich
by the application Of heavy dressing
of manure. well rotted II possible. and
plowed under to depth OF eight or ten
inches.
II the soil is q heavy clay with q
hard. tenacious subsoil. nothing will
give better returns for the money In
vested than TO 20 over the entire plat
with a subsoil pillow, following the
breaking pillow, thus loosening up the
subsoil to a depth Of IL inches. This
pillow will furnish q reservoir for the
surplus water in the spring. which may
be drawn on by the plants during .
time Of drouth which often comes
when the fruit IL beginning to ripen
and Just when an abundance Of water
Is absolutely necessary in order to en-
able the fruit to develop properly and
the plant to attain a good. vigorous
growth. II the subsoil is OF sandy or
gravelly nature, the subsoiling will not
be necessary; In fact. on such land the
crop is often cut short because OF the
ioosenes OF the subsoil which allows
the surplus water to pass down out Of
reach Of the plant roots.
This is one OF the most important
points to keep in mind. No plant
should be transplanted that Is more
than one year old. plant that has
borne fruit should never be used in a
new bed Select plants Of the previous
years growth for transplanting. II set
in the spring. Such plants may be
told by the bright yellow color OF the
roots.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

uttuN bthtion
DWARF pAETLKrT FEAR GROWN ON QuINcz
In the use of heel and mallet cuttings
lies In the greater certainty OF devel'
oping roots. The principal drawbacks
II that only one cutting can be made
from each lateral branch
When Il In desired to make the lar
gest number Of cuttings from a limit
ed supply OF stock. cuttings are made
containing but one bud each. Such
cuttings are commonly started under
glass with bottom heat either In green
house or hotbed.
Cuttings are usually made with two
or more buds. The cuttings are made
while the wood II dormant during the
fall or early winter. As fast as made
they are tied In bundles Of twenty i've
or fifty butts all one way and buried
bottom end up In a trench and covered
tor depth OF two or three inches with
nd or mellow soil Cuttings may also
- kept over winter In a coel cellar
buried In sand. snwdust or moss.
The following spring cuttings are set
about three inches apart In a trench
with only the topmost bud or buds
above the surface The soil is then
replaced In the trench and thoroughly
packed. In planting. the cuttings
should be exposed 10 light and air as
little as possible. After being planted
the cutting should develop roots and
put forth leaves. and by the next fall
or spring Il should be ready to put out.
Herbaceous or soft wood cuttings
are exemplified In the slips" used TO
increase the numbers OF house plants
This method OF propagation can be-
glass. Herbaceous cuttings may be
made from the leaf or stem.
Leaf cuttings are commonly employ
ed In multiplying plants having thick.
deshy leaves containing a large guam
tity OF plant food either In the body OF
the leaf or It's larger ribs. As a general
rule. In preparing slips the leaf area
should be reduced 10 a minimum In
order TO lessen evaporation.
Usually an inch OF broken stone or
coarse gravel overlaid with one and
one-half 10 three inches OF sand will
be found ample for all soft wood cut
tings.
Short cuttings OF the roots may be
used In the propagation OF many plants,
especially those which show a natural
tendency 10 sucker.
A layer is branch 80 placed in
contact with the earth as 10 induce II
20 throw out roots and shoots Lay
ering frequently proves a satisfactory
method with woody plants which do
not readily take root from cuttings.
All the common pomaceous fruits,
the stone fruits aud the citrus fruits
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
Common PRUNING Fault

cay and disease. The cause Of many
dead or sickly tree could be traced
to Just such a beginning. B repre-
sents a cut made In the right way.
The stub 10 short. wound small. and It
will soon heal over. The cut at @ II
too close and leaves too large q
wound. Any wound more than an
inch In diameter should be covered
with an ordinary lead paint to pro-
tect the exposed surface until the
new growth can callous over It.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
THREE PERSONS PERISH.

Lake Geneva, Wis.-Geneva lake
claimed three victims when Erie Olson
and his sister. Miss Emma Olson, and
Charles Strand were drowned by the
swapping OF rowboat in which they
were having a pleasure ride. Miss
Helen Rohrs. who also was in the boat
chung to an oar and was rescued by
r. d. Patton. who was fishing near by,
and came to their aid. Miss Olsons
home was at Stambaugh. Michigan
and Miss Rohrs's is at Muncis. In
diana.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
MAKING lIME-SULPHUR WASH
Liquid for Dormant Spray May Be
Made by DIiutino Gallon Of
Poison With Water.
lsy L. WN Eli ~ - . MIni Nm

(By v. L. wAsHBURN, Entomolostst.
University Farm. st Paul. MIMI
A concentrated lime-suiphur wash
for use as a dormant spray may Be
made by diluting one gallon OF con-
centrated limesulphur with ten gal
Ions OF water. The concentrated lime
sulphur is put on the market by many
insecticide firms. or may be made at
home In accordance with the follow
ing formula: Sulphur. 80 poundsi
best stone lime. 40 pounds: water. so
gallons. Further Information on the
preparation and use OF the lime-suL
phur wash may be found In bulletin
l2l OF the Agricultural Experiment
station. University Farm. St. Paul
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
INTENSIVE FARMING
Conducted by FRANK s. MONTGOMERY MS.
Instructor in Animal Husbsndy and Special investigator
COWPEAS SOWN IN CORN

Many fields u corn are now near
ly ready to lay by, and the most i'm
portant piece OF work In connection
with IL all Is yet to come.
Your crop OF corn whether large
or sorry Is removing q great deal Of
fertility fom tho soil not only by the
crop itself but by washing. There is
way to replace much Of that IS
you go along SO you can continue to
raise good crops In rotation and not
resort TO the waGteful method of turn
ing land out to rest"
Here Is the Way to Start In
Get 3 pecks of cowpeas for every
acre OF corn you can treat this way.
and drin them In the balks with a
one-horse grain drill IL you have one
or can rent II (and this Is machine
that oyery farmer should have). II
drill cannot DO obtained SOW thera
broadcast and Ilow them in with a
5-shovel or IL tooth cultivator. Don't
use a double shovel. Get one of the
others If you have none already.
showed you how easily you can pa-
for onS In last weeks paper.
II you have a one horse corn drill II
will be well 10 put In the peIs
with 1t going once In a row.
1t will pay you the best kind to
fertilize these peas too. II you plow-
cd under clover or had cowpeas in the
ground last year get IS per cent acid
phosphate fertilizer, and don't accept
anything else for 1t is the cheapest
and best. II you had corn on the
ground last year It is low in humus
get a high grade mixed fertilizer
something like 1.6-12-3, for ground
raising corn every year becomes very
deficient in nitrogen.
What to Do with the Crop
Along about the time the corn is
getting ripe the peas will be begin
ming to ipen a few pods too and the
vines will be full OF green peas and
blossoms. II you put your corn IN
the slo the peas will have the right
Of way and will keep on growing
rapidly till you turn the hogs in which
should BE- as soon as any consider
able number of pcas begin TO ripcn.
II this Is done any time before Oct
ober the hogs can get a fine months
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

sonny inclosins the hollow square. IN
the middle Of this hangs the great nag
reaching nearly the height and width
Of It It 10 solitary and alone. with but
the masonry AZ background. II 10
impressive 30 hung and people come
far to see It. and the idle passerby II
often brought to attention and stands
In unconscious admiration.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

Always tend to injured trees i'm
mediately on discovering the trouble.
Cut storm-b broken limbs back TO solid
wood and temporarily bind up split
crotches. In permanently mending
split trees place a long bolt directly
through the injured portions and
screw up tight. Never run iron bands
around the limbs to hold parted wood
together.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
DocT0RINa WOUNDS IN TREES
Any Cut Of More Than an Inch Should
Be Covered With Paint 70 Pro
tect Surface.

II does not take the experienced
orchardist long to detect faulty prun-
ing In an orchard. even II done years
before. Tree butchery" he calls It. A
common fault 10 shown In the Illus
tration. says the Farmers Mail and
Breese. The cut made at A leaves .
stub that IL too long. 1t cannot heal
over as the bark will die around It
leaving the heart wood exposed to do
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

says a writer In the Rural New York
or. 1 made scrapers out OF steel
shovels with all sides different. as
shown in the cut. sharpened to q
knife edge, but not too sharp.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10

feed from the peas and the rest OF
the peas can be plowcd under and rye
be sown In time to get a good start
for winter. This rye plowed under
next May will insure you about 80 per
cent larger corn crop than you had
this year.
IL you cut and shock the corn the
hogs may bother the shocks some but
they will eat peas mostly, and rye
can be put in as before.
IL you strip and top your corn, or
leave the whole stalks stand and
snap tho ears only, the hogs may 20
In before you gather the corn for
they will bother II but little II the
born stands up well SO long as the
peas hold out These can be turned
under and rye Gown IL the stalks
are cut and then cut up with disk
harrow set straight 80 the stalks will
not disturb drill CT harrow.
Crimson Glover
Quite q number Of farmers are be-
ginning to SOW crimson clover in corn.
This should be done about August ].
II should be sown by hand in each
row about Is to 20 pounds per acre
and covered with a IA tooth cultiva-
tor or small harrow.
This crop has the advantage of liv-
ing through the winter to protect
the ground and can be plowed under
In the spring for corn OF cowpeas, or
soy beans. II Is great soil renew
or but has not grown with best sue
cess In this locality as yet
Sow Rye in September
II for any reason you have not
sown cowpea3 or crimson clover in
the corn don't fail to SOW rye in
the standing corn early in Septem-
Der. Either put in with one horOe
grain drill or SOW broadcast and cover
with 5 shovel or IA tooth cultivator.
Rye sown thus carly will furnish
largo amount OF pasture in late fall
and spring and give n good amount Of
green stuff to pillow under for cow
peas or soy beans IL it has not been
pastured too short. Or II you seed
down to grass. 1t will protect thc
young grass and make a good crop
td harvest.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-07-10
ScRAPiNG OLD APPLE TREES
Handy implement for Orchards May
Be Made Out Of Steel ShovsIs
With Sides Different.

When we started scraping our old
apple trees we used a three-sided
scraper but found II very slow. as
the straight sides covered only
small surface on the round branches.
The citizen., 1913-02-21
PLAN TO SEE WHITE ESKIMOS
Rev. W. n. Fry and Party of Natives
to Visit Strange Tribe Discovered
by Steffansson.

Edmonton. Alberta.-Bishop String
er of the Yukon diocese. the largest in
the dominion, who is returning to his
post in the north country, announced
that Rev w. H. Fry and IL natives
are on the way to Coronation Gulf,
near the mouth of the Copper Mine
river, to visit a tribe of white Eski-
mos discovered by Steffansson, an ex-
plorer. 1t is expected that the party
will reach the gulf next October, be-
fore the close of navigation.
The bishop has no doubt there are
other tribes of Eskimos in the far
north. He was stationed on Herschell
island seven years and has been as far
north as 73 degrees latitude on a whal.
ing trip. At times the thermometer
registered 50 below. He has also Wis
tied many hitherto unknown places in
northern Canada. suffering hardships
and endangering his life on numerous
occasions
The citizen., 1913-02-21

VOTE CANvASSED
Wilson and Marshall Formally
Elected.
SENATOR BACON PRESIDED.
House and Senate In Joint Session
Ceremoniously Follow Con-
stitutionaI Require.
mcnts,

Washington-W With elaborate cere-
mony. the Senate and House of Rep
resentatives in joint session canvassed
the electoral votes Of the various
States OF the Union and officially de-
clared Woodrow Wilson, Of New Jer-
sey, and Thomas r. Marshall of Indi-
ana, elected President and Vice-Presi-
dent OF the United States for the term
beginning March A.
Senator Bacon. presiding over the
joint session, proclaimed the election
when, 10 the crowded floor and gal
leries OF the House chamber, he de-
livered the following proclamation
prescribed in the official rules:
This announcement of the state of
the vote by the president of the Sen
ate pro tempore shall be deemed a
sufficient declaration of the persons
elected President and Vice-President
of the United States, each for the term
beginning March 4, 1913"
Democrats OF the House and Senate
greeted the announcement with a
round OF applause The galleries
joined in the demonstration and the
dignifed Senate, led by Senator Ba-
con and two tiny pages bearing the
wooden caskets containing the cleo
toral vote certificates returned to its
own classic confines, far from the
noisy hail of the House.
The usually noisy eXuberance of the
House proceedings was quieted by the
advent OF solemn senatorial dignity
when the proceedings began, and even
the galleries seemed to appreciate the
seriousness of the occasion when Sen
ator Bacon announced that no ap-
plause would be permitted.
The nature Of the House eventually
asserted itself, however, and there
were cheers and handclapping and
yells as the canvass proceeded.
The recapitulation gave Wilson and
Marshall 435 votes; Roosevelt and
+ Johnson. IS votes, and Taft and But
Ter, s votes The certificates of all of
the States were received and counted
and there was no response to the
formal demand Of Senator Bacon as
to whether there was objection to the
recording of the vote.
The citizen., 1913-02-21
FALLS OFF TRAIN; IS LUCKY
St. Louis Orphan Lad Has an Extra
ordinary Experience on Kansas
Railroad.

Strong City, Kan.-When Harry
O'Brien, a fourteen-year-old orphan
from ST. Louis, tumbled from the
blind baggage of train running at a
thirty mile an hour clip here. he did
not know that he was dropping into a
home whore he would be cherished
and loved. Charles Beach. city mar
shall here, picked O'Brien up. bruised
and bleeding. and took him TO his
sGs.se to give him care. So attached
did Marshal Beach and his wife be-
come to the boy that they decided to
keep him. and announced that theV
probably would adopt him.
O'Brien, with a companion. Ernest
Stone, was beating his way to Tulsa
Okla. where Stones grandmother
lives. Stone. who was not hurt. con
tinued the journey to Tulsa on a tick
ct purchased for him by merchants
The citizen., 1913-02-21
MILITARY FEATURE
RECORD BREAKER
Inauguration Pageant to Be an
Unusually Long One.
WARNING TO THE RAFTERS.
$4,000 Soldiers and At Least 10000
Civilians In Line-A Rear
Guard - Limit, On
Charges.

Washington.-The military feature
of the inaugural parade practically has
been completed. according 20 an
nounCement by Major General Leonard
Wood, grand marshal. Present figures
indicate that there will be nearly 25,-
coo soldiers and sailors from the regu-
lar and state militia services in line.
Robert \. Harper, chairman of the
civic organizations committee, told
the inaugural committee that at least
1900 marchers would be in his sec
tion Of the parade This will be COM
posed Of political clubs and other
organizations OF a semipolitical nature.
In this section also will be the COVER
nors and their staffs from states that
will not be represented by militia
Governors OF at least twenty states
are expected TO be in the line Of
march.
To date. it was announced, the State
of Ohio has outdone all other states Of
the Union in sending representatives
for the procession and inauguration
/
received by the committee that the
entire Ohio legislature will adjourn
for several days and come to Wash
ington in body.
4 Colonel Allen, chief of staff TO Major
( General Wood. told the inaugural com
mittee that it was planned to have a
rear guard from the United States
Engineer Corps to keep stragglers in
line
The quadrennial harvest of Wash.
/ ington hotels and restaurants secured
! by rates charged to inauguration visi-
tors was threatened by a joint resolu-
tion introduced in the House by Rep
/ resentative Johnson, of Kentucky,
chairman of the House District of Co
/ lumbia Committee. The resolution re,
/ ing the ceremonies have generally
complained that they have been re
/ quired TO enter into unreasonable con
( tracts at exorbitant prices. AS a rem
edy the resolution would provide that
I the rates charged by hotels, lodging
houses. boarding houses, cafes, restau,
rants and similar places of entertain
ment" shall be the regular rates
! charged during the year prior to Feb
ruary %, 1913 A penalty of a 500
/ fine for violation is fixed by the reso-
luton and the defendant is made re.
sponsible for the maintenance of the
complainant in Washington during the
I litigation if the complainant should
prove his case.
The citizen., 1913-02-21
FINGER PRINT IS 0UTDONE
Accused Burglar Comes to Grief In
France When Imprint of Tooth
In Butter Is Viewed.

Paris.-Even the finger-prlnt meth
cd of obtaining evidence against Grim
inals has been excelled by the police
in establishing a burglars identity
from the tooth marks which he left in
a pat of butter.
Pierre Bassaud held on a charge
of burglary, broke into his former en-
ployers premises at Montreuil-Sous.
Bois. Failing to discover any valua-
bles. he went to the kitchen and had a
feast When arrested he denied the
charge, but the police found the marks
of his teeth, including one which was
broken, exactly reproduced in lump
of butter into which he had probably
bitten by mistake in the dark.
Bassaud still protested his limo
cence, but when the magistrate before
whom he was arraigned, sent for some
butter and made the prisoner bite in
to it. the sane irregular impression
was obtained.
The citizen., 1913-02-21

officially connected with the depart.
ment of justice at Washington, has
laid before the aldermanic committee
which is investigating police condi.
tons here the result of his seven
years study of the white slave traffic.
He called New York the capital OF
commercialized vice and said that,
with the assistance of fourteen agents
placed at his disposal by the govern.
ment, he had carried on investiga.
tions from Fairbanks in Alaska to
the canal zone"
Mir London declared that his census
in New York revealed that there were
G,100 men profiting from commercial
lied vice. in which 10000 women were
involved. He charged that the police
officials aided the traffickers. He be.
lieved that only individual policemen
we're concerned in the business and
doubted that the number of these off,
GERS would exceed 100 out of 10 600
men on the force.