The Washington herald., 1913-06-29

allowed TO spend q penny Of hin own
money to attend the four-days' 'ceIebra-
ton The Federal government WIN yu-
perintend the transportation of baxrsre
TO the camp and stand all the expense
during the celebration As each veteran
comes into camp he will be supplied with
map Of the battlefield. prepared by the
army engineers. 50. that he may be able
to 80 over the grounds and pick out the
spots of historic interest, or more par
ticulariy. the places which have a sig
nificant personal interest to him. He viii
be able to go to the exact place on
which he stood. during the conflict While
the Held at Gettysburg has changed to q
certain extent by the fine roads which
have been built. and the many monu-
ments and markers Of various sorts, the
old contour still remains Big Roundtop,
Little Roundtop. Cemetery Ridge. the
wheatfield. Devils Den. Plum Run. the
Chambersburg Pike, Taneytown Road.
and McPherson's Woods. are there just
as they were fifty years ago Statues and
monuments mark the sites where famous
leaders of both armies fought and died.
What reveries and memories VIII be
brought back to those time-worn vet
Grams. What scenes they VIII be able TO
reconstruct In their minds as they wan
der over the field and pick out the spot
where Pickett made his famous charge.
where Reynolds died. where Hancock
fought, where Longstreet and his brave
made their stand, and where
Lee and Meade had their headquarters.
II will be hard for the man who has
never ..'smeiied powder to realize the
peculiar and the full significance Of this
mighty reunion Can We who had no
share in the terrific battle understand
the complex feelings of the grizzled vet
eran who clasps the hand Of the very
man who raised his saber to deal him a
death blow? Think of linking arms with
the particular man who spilled your
blood, and feeling kind toward himi And
with the one-time demon
zouave who bayoneted you SO you were
left weltering In your gore-and thought
he had served you quite right!
Yet thousands viii be on their way to
Gettysburg field on the morning Of June
. to do these very things.
History of Battle.
Gen. Robert E. Lees army Of 7ouoo
men, In three corps commands, led by
Lieut.. Gen. James Longstreet. Lieut.
Gen. Richard S. Ewell. and Lieut.. Gen.
Ambrose P. Hill. had invaded Pennsyi-
vania On learning that Cen Meade's
Federal army had crossed the Potomac.
Lee ordered his troops in motion toward
where twelve turnpike roads
Gen. Meade. hurrying his
corps northward from Emmitsburg and
Union Mills, came to the outskirts OF
Gettysburg on the night of June 30 with
his advance cavalry. His corps COM
mand were Mai. Gems. John F. Reynolds,
Winfield Scott Hancock. Daniel E. Sick
les, George Sykes, John Sedgwick. Oliver
D. Howard. Henry W. Slocum, and. OF
the cavalry corps, Alfred Pieasonton-
The Confederate corps contained about
twice the number of men OF the Union
,orps. so that more corps commands did
not mean superior numbers The num-
Der of men In both armies engaged on
he field was about equal, estimated be-
.ween 1000 and 5000 men, Lees cav
,lry corps, commanded by Maj Gen.
James E B. Stuart, was Of little aid.
being absent most of the fight
At daybreak, July 1, Brig. Gen. John
Buford, leading Meade's cavalry. FLASHED
With Maj. Gen Henry Heth. of Hills
corps, and the great battle
was on. All day the fight ragged as the
roops composing the armies were hur-
He'd forward from distant points to take
,art At nightfall the Confederates had
iriven the Union men back from the
round held by them in the morning. on
through the streets of Gettysburg. and
inally to line of battle on Cemetery
Ifll and Ridge. southeast Of the town.
During the night the commanders Of both
Irmies filed up gaps in their lines and
strengthened their positions in prepare
ion for the Inevitable battle Of the morn
ng.
Confcdernfes Win "Honors.".
Lee hurled his brigades against Meade's
light and left tanks all of the second
lay. Desperate fighting in the celebrated
wheat field: desperate fighting in the
amous peach orchid: desperate fighting
n the Devils Den. Singie-man-to-man
lyle Of fighting was the rule at Cups
Hill. Round Top. and Little Round Top.
When dark came-and only dark made
he battlers cease-the Confederates had
ahmed the Union force further back on
heir line of battle. They had gained
but the ground had only served
o make the Federal position more COM
'act. The fighting 'honors'' of the two
lays were theirs They had done the
most of the driving. But ''honors.' had
sained them no substantial return. and
t could not be said they had won q
,attle.
Then came Lees final attempt to win
m the third and last day. All minor op-
rations were subordinated to a mighty
by more than $50 guns fol-
owed by a charge on the Union position.
rhe guns opened at o'clock in the after
loon and for an hour hurled death al
Ridge. Then there was a tense
Hence. At half-past two Longstreets
livision commander, Mai. Gen. George
: Pickett, was ordered by a nod of the
iead-for Longstreet, did not wish the
go, Il
rate position on Seminary Ridge to the
inion centre on Cemetery Ridge, nearly
mile apart The charge was made and
made great history. But after leading
lis men to the Union line and piercing It
'ickett was beaten back and hundreds Of
is men were taken prisoners The point
ierced was a stone wall or fence known
o this day as the Bloody Angle or High
Water Mark of the Confederacy.
Brig zen. Lewis A Armstead fell
cad at the head of his brigade as he
capped the stone wall. his cap raised on
he point OF his sword to cheer his men.
,rig. Gen. Richard B. GARRETT also
capped forr ard to his death at this
'loody Angle. Lee. from Seminary
,idge, saw that the charge was a failure
nd the battle lost He ordered a re-
reat and during the night the army of
Torthern Virginia silently departed from
he scene of its three day valorous strug-
ie, but still with sufficient lighting
trength and spirit left to continue the
onfiict for nearly two years longer. So
gettysburg ended. and the rest Is re-
MON.
Historic Spoth on Field.
At Oak Ridge in the first days BATH,
$50 Federals and Ass Confederates were
He'd and wounded. This fighting place
situated about a mile northwest Of the
,wn. It was here that Federal Gen. Blu