Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-06-06

ora'lnS tnenI.
Apple butter OF the real. rich. cd
time farm product. not the thin. fac
tory made excuse. fills an important
place In ID" household economy and AL
ways finds Il ready safe 1T good prices
Sweet Cider.
Good sweet cider made from sound
apples. not from half decayed wormy
fruit. l. one of the most healthful
products OF the orchard. and all surplus
over and above what Is needed for
home consumption Is always in demand
1t rennnerntive prices 1t can he kept
sweet and INTERVIEWED by heating it
10 Il temperature Ut l.iu degrees f. and
holding II there for thirty minutes.
then scaling it mp tight in bottles or
casks and storing ii in II cool place.
Boiled cider made In the good old
fashioned way by reducing to netifth
~ boiling and then canned is an ey-
rPllent article for culinary purposes
for mnking apple butter. apple sauce
or for use in apple or mince pies. 1t
also has IT commercial value.
While the aim and purpose Of the
farmer should he TO supply an abun-
dance of fruit for his own family. he
should also be able to offer to the out
side world liberal surplus. The apple
orchard will often bring him better re-
turns for his outlay than any other
portion Of his farm. acre for acre The
product of u single tree will sometimes
sell for $40 or more. and fifty such
trees can he grown on an acre of land
Though we may not always count on
such large results. we may safely ex-
pect the orchard to do it's full duty one
year with another. especially II we
first do our duty by 1t.
Propagation.
1t Is not recommended that the aver
age farmer propagate his own trees
for planting. hut It Is well enough for
him to understand something of the
processes ana methods OF propagation
commonly used The natural method
Ut propagation Is by planting the seed
II the fruit hut MS very large per
'ent Of seed !ngs are Inferior in quail
ty to the parent variety the results
ire too uncertain to recommend for
planters generally Only the pains
taking experimental who wishes to
originate new varieties can afford to
practice this nntIrai method OF propa
CATION
Once having obtained valuable va.
riety and wishing to multiply and per-
petuntp II. one of several methods now
In use must be rpsorted to for propa.
CATION The methods more commonly
practitpd in growing young apple trees
for planting In orchards are budding
and grating
With the apple. budding must be per.
formed during the growing season
This operation consists In removing q
bud from twig Of the variety which
we wish to propagate and inserting It
beneath the bark Of the stock or young
seeding tree we wish to change. and
this is then held in place by tying II
fast until the bud and the stock have
united. Then. by forcing the sap and
consequent growth into this trans
planted bud by preventing all other
growth. We get a new tree OF the de-
sired variety This we call budding. II
Is method Of artificially multiplying q
desirable variety The extent Of this
multiplication is limited only By the
number Of buds available.
Keeping The seions.
The main requisites for success in
budding are healthy. growing condl
tion Of the stock ON which the work is
to he done and certain state OF ma.
turity Of the buds The bark OF the
stock must separate freely. so that the
bud may b. forced under It without in
Jury to the camhium layer OF either
bud or stock The Ind sticks or scions
selected for. summer budding should
be OF the current years growth and
should have we'll developed buds
When taken from the tree the lea YES
must he cut or NJ once. leaving only
a short stub Of the leaf stem for con-
venience In handling during the opera
ton They should be kept In a fresh
condition By means Of damp moss or a
wet cloth until used. and not more
than one or two sciOns should ht with
drawn from the pnceagp at time.
II II II desired 10 start the bud into
growth the same season Il IL inserted
the budding should be done az early In
the season as well developed buds can
be obtained AS soon rs II Is found
that the bud has united With the stock
or branch the material used to fastep
the bud In place must be removed and
the stock or branch cut back to within
a short distance from the bud to force
the growth OF the inserted bud.
Early June Budding.
This ia the kind Of budding more
commonly practiced among nursery.
men. the buds being inserted into the
stock as late In the season rs the bark
of the stock will separate freely to re-
ceive It. In such instances the bud
remains dormant through the follow
ing winter The following spring the
wrapping il removed. and wherever the
buds appear sound the tops of the
stocks are cut back and treated 10 the
same manner as described for June
- II.