The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1913-10-10
(MU1llU111
Discovered
MlaSt

GA NhbAN hAuRaNNA AASA-
e. the other day? Have Sir
William Ramsay aud his
fellows actually found earthly sub
stances from which this elusive and
extraordinary light element can be
produced? II 30 aviation. or more ac-
curately the range of the dirigible bal
loon, will be enormously increased.
But this is only one aspect OF q very
wide Geld OF possible services and sig
nihcance.
The discovery Of corontum IL an
other example OF the astonishing reVe-
lAtions which have come with the de-
Velopment OF the spectroscope and It's
union with photography, By means
Of this wonderful instrument physi-
cists have been able 20 detect and
render visible the unseen OF millions
of miles away. AS Professor Menden-
hall expressed 1t a few years ago:
by this device man is put into com
munication with every considerable
body in the universe including even
the invisible. The goings on OF Sirius
and Algol, of Orion and the Pleiades
are reported to him across enormous
stretches OF millions Of millions OF
miles Of space, empty save OF the
ethereal medium itself, by this most
wonderful wireless telegraphy. Ano
II is by the vibratory motion OF the
invisibly small that all OF this is re-
vealed; the infinitely little has enabled
- tnannnafUahIV htR.
But the spectroscope would be In
complete were it not for the exceed
ingly ingenious apparatus called the
bolometer. invented by the late Prof.
8. p Langley. The sensitiVeness OF
the bolometer is so exquisite that 1t
responds to temperature changes of
millionth OF degree. The bolometer
is an eye that sees in the dark. To
quote Professor Langley:
Since it is one and the same solar
energy whose manifestations are
called light or heat according to the
medium which interprets them, what
is light to the eye is heat to the
bolometer and what is seen as dark |
line by the eye is felt as solid line /
by the sentient instrument"
Here is an example OF how this ap- |
paratus revealed to Professor Langley |
what had been considered far beyond
the pale OF the recordable. He was
using the bolometer up on Mount |
Whitney and was working away at the
known spectrum, patiently measuring
the heat OF the various lines. He
stumbled upon a great discovery. He
went down the spectrum, noting the
evidence OF invisible heat die out on
the scale OF the instrument until he
came TO the apparent end OF the inVis-
ible, beyond which the most prolonged
researches Of investigators up to that
time had shown nothing.
There he watched the Indications
grow fainter and fainter until they,
too. ceased at the point where the
French investigators believed they
had found the very end OF the end.
By some happy thought he pushed the
Indications of this delicate instrument
into the region still beyond. In the
still air OF this lofty region the sun
beams passed unimpeded by the mists
OF the lower earth, and the curve OF
heat which had fallen to nothing be-
gan to rise again. There was some
thing there! For he found, suddenly.
Unexpectedly a new spectrum OF great
extent, wholly unknown to science and
whose presence was revealed by the
bolometer"
Thus the way was prepared for the
detection of coronium.
During the solar eclipse Of May 2S.
1900, Professor Abbott, with the aid
Of Professor Mendenhall, was able to
measure the heat of the corona, and
that was probably the first time that
81 was really shown to exist Here,
again. the spectroscope. photography
and the bolometer rendered great
service.
The sun as ordinarily seen is bound
I'd by the so-called photosphere and is
really but a small part Of the true sun.
Outside the photosphere Is an enveI-
ope composed mainly of hydrogen, and
outside OF this there is another envel-
ope which has been called the corona
The beautiful photograph taken in
May Of 1900, which accompanies this
article, illustrates this part Of the sun
1t is estimated that the height of the
corona in the suns atmospEe ere is a
matter Of half a million miles; and 1t {
Is believed that toward the photo
sphere the heat is SO intense that the
chemical elements are dissociated
into finer forms Of matter. In the