davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

perimented with different kinds of seed
procured from the State and from Wash
ington. He worked with a dozen or more
farmers at first and got them Interested.
lie then formed an association OF about
thirty farmers and later came to Wash
ington and after talking with Prof.
Spillman he was engaged as one OF our
first farm demonstrators. A year later
the association was increased TO 100 farm-
ers, and during the past year he has been
co-operating with about 100 farmers. As
a direct result of the work Of this one
man more than 5000 acres Of corn grown
last year doubled the output OF the pre-
ceeding year.
Girls Clubs.
All OF this new farm demonstration
work is an outGrowth OF the boys and
girIs' clubs recently established by the
Department OF Agriculture There are
now hundreds of girls garden and cam
ming clubs, sometimes called tomato CLUBS,
scattered throughout the United States.
A great deal has been written Of late
concerning the boys corn club and the
great good it mas accomplished in teach
ing the youngsters how to farm inteli-
gently. Then there is the potato clubs
recently organized for both boys and
girls which has also met with marked
success. All of this work gradually led
I'D to teaching the adult farmer through
the farm demonstration method.
Another new plan in connection with
the farm demonstration work Is the home
economic service we have started with
Miss Ilena Bailey in charge. This plan
includes cooperation with all the county
agents in reaching the homes and working
direct with the housewives on the farm.
The work will cover home management
exclusively. Miss Bailey will help all
housewive. who may be ambitious 10
simplify their work TO secure the best
possible arrangement Of kitchen. dining
room, &C As an illustration of what her
work has already accomplished: There
is a county in Illinois where the agent
has been at work for less than year.
They have already organized a co-opera-
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09
BY WILLIAM l.. ALTDORFER.

Another long step toward teaching
scientific agriculture on the farms OF the
country is now under way. Uncle Sam
is going to cover every section Of the
United States with his farm demonstrs-
tors He intends to see that every
farmer in the land will have proper ad-
vice and encouragement and material
help of the kind that will assist him in
getting from under the middleman. By
helping the farmer to get better and more
crops from each acre OF land planted the
government hopes to benefit the ultimate
consumer and reduce the cost of living.
1t is another of the many plans put in
operation by the government of recent
years to lower the soaring prices of the
necessities Of life.
At the last session of Congress an
additional Sl60.0o0 was appropriated for
the extension of farm demonstration work
TO every Northern, Northwestern, Mid
die West, and Western State of the
country. Several years ago Congress in
augurated system of farm demonstra-
ton work throughout the South. The
work was undertaken because of the
ravages of the boil weevil which had
caused a loss of millions of dollars in
those States. At that time the govern
hl'Hl sOuGhl " OlttT DdNlHS tIopS
that would take the place OF at least
a part of the cotton crop, and it was
decided the best way 20 go about 1t
would be to appoint practical farmers
A. agents of the government to go out
on the cotton plantations and show the
planters the best way to fight the weevil
and at the same time how to grow other
crops.
That work was started in 1896 Ii met
with such astonishing results that 1t
soon became popular throughout that sec
ton of the United States. To-day the
boil weevil is of very little consequence.
and has almost entirely disappeared In
addition the planters of the South have
learned much about diversified farming.
Where they had depended entirely on
the cotton crop for a living. they now
plant three or four different crops The
great success Of this method of teaching
the farmer soon spread all over the coun-
Try. with the result that Congress has
now appropriated the money to extend the
demonstration work 10 every State in the
Union.
The new farm demonstration work in
the North and West will be followed
along the lines that have already proved
:" successful in the South. The scheme
outlined is similar to that already planned
for the inauguration of a comprehensive
good roads system. The money will be
allotted proportionately among the differ
"nt States. with the proviso that the
State put up dollar for dollar: that is the
expense of placing an agent in each coun-
ty will be shared han by the county and
half by the Federal government. In this
way il is figured the government will help
those who are willing to help themselves.
Another reason advanced for this method
of taking the school 10 the farm is that
when the people Of the counties them
selves contribute toward the plan. they
are more apt to see that they get their
moneys worth. and usually become more
interested
Sixty practical farmers have Just been
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

list. who inspeCts his works that still sur-
vive. spends several months at the lob.
and comes home with a sim neck and
nervous prostration.
He refused all pay for his labor and
spent his spare time writing poetry. IN
venting sirships, making political speech
e. ana gardening. Had he lived in our
time he would also have run for Prasi-
dent on the side. He had Ave talents.
and by getting up at a. m, instead Of
ca tchinE the last car to town each morn
ing. he made them all pay vast dividends
to Italy.
Copyright. 1913 b, Georse Math-~ Adanss
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

tive laundry now serving seventeen fami-
lies at a nominal cost TO each family. rms
line of work together with other rural
social service Is fair sample OF the KIND
of help We expect to give the women or
the country in cooperation with the men
in the field She Is now busy making
survey of the conditions surrounding the
average rural home.
The first farm demonstration work was
started by the late DR.. Seaman A. Knapp
father of the present agent In charse'
Bradford Knapp. IL Is one OF the lie"
cases in the government service where
the son inherited the job Of the father.
Bradford Knapp acted as assistant TO
his father for many years and upon the
death Of the elder Knapp the son was the
man found best fitted for the job
How the Work started.
Bradford Knapp gave the writer an in
teresting account OF how the Work was
started He said: The work was started
in 1876 with the object Of relieving the
disastrous situation in Eastern Texas be
cause of the rayages Of the cotton Doll
weevil. DR.. Seaman Knapp and Secretary
Wilson had been friends since the early
I0's, and it was because cf Mr.. wilson
knowledge Ot DIR. Knapp's peculiarly prac-
tical turn of mind that he directed MIN
to go there and try to eXterminate the
boil weeviI. DIR. Knapp started with but
few agents. teaching the farmers how TO
grow cotton under weevil conditions and
his work proved very successful.
From that grew the system of estab-
fishing an agent in each county through
out the South. II proved very popular
because Il filled a long-felt want OF the
people. DIR. Knapp knew that the wee
vii was only a part of the bad conditions
prevalent and that the real need OF the
section was a better system of farming.
He then started in TO take the informa-
ton to the farmer and illustrate the les
sons taught by carefully planned demon
stration work carried out right there on
the farm before the eyes Of the farmer
himself.
He would get the farmers together and
show them the demonstration farm. Then
he would visit all the other farms
grouped around the demonstration farm
every thirty days. In this way he worked
up great interest throughout the South
and at his death the number Of demon
stration farms had increased 10 more than
150 with about 700 co-operators or farmers
who came TO visit the demonstration
farms. This soon made lasting impress
sion. Many Of the neighbors who came
to visit would go home and copy the meth
DDS followed but often failed to give prop
er credit. The work is now being done
in s4s counties. covering practically all OF
the Southern States from Virginia to
Texas
Practical DemOnstrator.
A. b. Ross was one of the first men
employed by Uncle Sam as farm demon
strator. While on a recent visit to WASH
ington he outlined an altogether new plan
toward aiding the farmer TO buy on credit
at wholesale prices. This plan offered
such a striking and simple solution of the
money problem that it Is probable Uncle
Sam will aid II in every way possible.
Briefly the plan is TO lease as a private
enterprise. designed TO pay a reasonable
profit TO the owners. large warehouses.
and to rent space in them to various seed
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09
DUMB. BUT TALK" WINS SUIT.
"Elo0uence" Of FinRers In Court
Causes Railway to settle.

From the New York Press
Susie Brady. twenty-five years of age,
of IS Lincoln Street, Flushing. is deaf
and dumb, but she talked so well be-
fore the Supreme Court in Long Island
City that the New York and Queens
County Railway agreed to give her $1,000.
Miss Brady sued the railroad for $4,000
damages, as a result of an accident on
August %. 1911. in which she was struck
by a trolley car. The young woman's
testimony was understood by neither
judge, jury, nor spectators. Yet she
talked so fast to the interpreters who
were speaking with her that every one
in the courtroom was deeply interested.
After she finished the lawyers COM
promised on a $3.50 settlement.
Prof. Frank s. Thompson, of the New
York Deaf and Dumb School. and James
Quackenbush, the official Interpreter OF
Manhattan. asked the plaintiff the ques-
tions while she was on the stand, and
then translated her answers to the jury.
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

must be maintained tsut during the whole
time the captive is held.
The most ingenious and effective OF all
handouts Is that used In the United
States and. indeed. adopted by the police
Of most civilized countries. 1t is much
lighter and much less clumsy than the
old flexible handcuN and Is not painful
to the wearer.
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

The value of all farm products Of the
South amounts to $500. o00,0 900 a year to
the farmers. but they cost the consumers
IS ooO 100000
The farmers of the South spend most
OF their s. 900 each year largely for
farm supplies food. clothing, &c. and
$1,000 10000 Of this goes each year into
the hands of all classes of middlemen
Southern farmers lose an additional 81
ing methods. They could double their
WELD by crop diversification and other i'm
rrovements If it were not for the "ad-
vance system" under which the creditor
forces the farmer to plant cash crops"
such as cotton and corn, year in and year
ont.
Southern farmers borrow immense
amounts of money or secure credit at
great loss. The estimated loss to them
because Of excessive interest rates
amounts to about s1S3. 10000 year.
So. all told, the farmers are out IS. Js3.-
na0.coo a year much of which they might
get if they controlled their own systems
Of credit, marketing. and buying
These are the figures of Prof. John Lee
Coulter, expert special agent for aSricul-
ture in the Census Bureau. He arrives
at his conclusion after years of study
which have made him a leading scientific
authority in farm economies.
However. plans are now matured look
ing to a cut which from the very first
will amount to hundreds upon hundreds
of millions OF dollars in the enormous dis
crepancy between the prices the farmer
receives for his produce and the prices
which tho consumer has to pay.
These plans are to be taken up at the
sixteenth conference for education in the
South, to be held at Richmond. Va, April
15-1s: and so epoch-making in their
results on Southern prosperity are they
considered TO he that thousands of
Southern farmers and business men will
men. editors, and publicists.
Cooperation II Urged.
In brief, the common remedy to be pro-
posed at the conference for most of the
farmers ills is organization and CO.
operation. 1t is proposed that he market
his crops comparatively; buy his goods
in the same manner. and borrow his
money from cooperative credit societies.
Such plan, it is contended, would harm
no one. and in the long run would bene-
fit all classes. By thus adding to the
farmers income, he will be enabled to
spend more on the pleasant as well as
better roads: to maintain better schools
and to make country living more pleas
ant all-round.
Experts in every form of co-opera-
tion have been called upon to tell the
conference precisely how to start this
movement throughout the South. ]. c.
Caldwell, who is one of the great lead
ers in cooperative enterprises in this
country, will tell how the agricultur-
lists about his home town of Lakefield,
Minn., have successfully managed
cooperative store, creamery, grain
elevator, and bank.
A. o. Nelson. of Svea. will describe
the operations of similar enterprises in
his community, while E. NJ. Tousley
will show the effects of co-opera tion
upon farm communities, and T. L.
Haecker. of the same State, Will give
the history of tho cooperative cream
cries in Minnesota. Many others Will
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09
NERVE SAVES OFFICER.
He Calmly Summons Help while
Facing "Maniac's' Revolver.

lie fanny Suul"ODb "eAP " nA~
Facing "Maniac's' Revolver.
New London Conn.) Dispatch to New York Tribune
His unshaken nerve probably saved the
life of Col. Willard F. Harmon. COM
manding officer of the Narragansett Bay
defense district, in his office at Fort
Adams, when Jesse NJ. Atkinson. bands
man, walked into the place. announced
that he was being pursued and pulled a
revolver Ito protect himself"
Seeing that the man was mentally de-
ranged. Col. Harmon pushed buttons,
summoning Capt. Thomas F. Dwyer and
Maj. Thomas J. Fitzpatrick, who quickly
took the revolver from the man and es-
corted him to the hospital, where he was
placed under observation ..' o. ....
The trouble with Atkinson is believed
to be of recent development. He has
been at Fort Adams for long time, and
is serving his seventh term of enlistment
in the army.
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09
Let Women Decide.

From the Granite Falls Journal
The fellow who says "let the women
decide the suffrage question" hits the
point squarely. and it is what We have
thought many times Let the women go
to the polls and decide the question
whether or not they want the ballot.
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

one has succeeded in initiating n up To
date.
Michael Angelo painted and sculpted
through his long life OF ninety-ons years
with such energy that the earnest tour
The Washington herald., 1913-03-09

II is predicted that the American inflow int
Canada will increase during the coming year.
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07
BUILDING STRIKE pERlLs OVER.
Only Three Divisions Threaten Walkouts on
Wages-Two Organizations Receive
Increases in Pay.

Trouble In renewing contracts IN the build
ing trades Of Chicago has been ayerted with
three exceptions
Marble workers went ON strike two months
ago and are still cut with little chance for set
temeni The branch OF the stone cutters or
ganization. which Is affiliated with the Amer-
can Federation OF Labor. Is expected to sign
soon. The independent organization settled
with tne contractors on the terms OF the old
contract.
The pipe ooverers threaten to strike If their
demands are not met a slight increase in
wages is asked. but the big fight is over the
extent OF the jurisdiction OF the pipe coyerers'
organization. The contractors do not object
To the increase. but so far have refused the
extended jurisdiction
The machinery movers have served notice
they will go out today il their demands for
an increased wage are not granted. They
threaten to call the teamsters out in sym
pathy.
Two organizations during the day received
increase in wages. The ho:sting engineers
will receive an advance from 7aH cents an
hour to IS The cement finishers will receive
an increase from 62h cents to IS cents an
hour. July the brickiayers' increase goes
into effect, giving them az cents more an
hour, or Z; oents.-Chicago Press.
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07
FROM OUR FRIENDS.

Strike Bulletin. Clinton. III.
Dear Agitators:-
] am writing you to express our appre cation
Of the good being done by the men on the
firing line and Of the noble fight they are
putting up against the greedy railroad corpor-
alton. 1t is our sincere wish that their efforts
will be rewarded with victory in the near fu-
ture.
We have run the slide pictures Of the wrecks
here in Sedalia and will say that We think this
method Of advertising 10 very effective We
wish to further assure you that ve IRE With
you financially and morally. and that ve real
ire that your fight is our fight In order to
be Of any beaefis to the labor aoveasss h
must Be fought until il Is won. and ve are
with you to the end.
! am fratesnsiiy yours,
w. H. Sims.
Sec Boiler Makers ii3, Sedaiia. Mo.
Strike Bulletin. Clinton. III.
Dear Agitators:-
Your communication at hand relative to f.
nancial aid for the strikers. and enclosed you
will find money order which will help to ad-
vertise the strike. We all realize that this 10
our fight as well a. yours. Our treasury 10
busted" but We took up . collection among
the brothers and got this amount which will
help the cause somewhat. We will eontinue
TO help in the fight all We can, for il must be
won. With best wishes to all the brothers. I
am yours sincerely.
D. A. Mcdonald.
Sec. Blacksmith No. d, Fl Worth. Tex
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07

them that they had heard the Illinois Central and Hartman
lines but had been quickly chok But
willing Of the workers
They talk the situation telling them about hdps
their neso law low really be-
they like do bt because hack of these
poarr that uin fight.
The Illinois Central Hartman
lines by the strikers forcing for the workers other roads
railroad dealing
realize that anything will be Be
struck roads will successful their
long fight and the Of the Illinois Central and Hartman lines will be
with the the rkerey will them
will will be fer the Of both
the andt anyju the Missouri Pacific.
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07
The Missouri Pacific

The Federated Trades the Missouri Pacific railroad have
eessfu getting with the BY which changes
have been made
desirable changes in working conditions with
hour Also made with the painters
something they had not had before
The Missouri Pacific railroad
in which it badly beaten During
roads of today millions of dollars rek
organized effort of the workers. they
basis Of organization.
the have been built
held for what of long
could What the granted by the panhroc
motives but simply because the stated what they
there From and from being
the Of
them than allow the strike.
the the Illinois Central and Hartman lines had
and had successful eradng Of
the
Pacific have received increases and betemen working
when they asked for them? Not S.ehi
The railroad would simply have their
and after nuing who and where they
them and The
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07

Straight Talk


forced strike defense principle which
the pillar of organized labor
the strike general opinion
nauged to compel the railroads the demands Of the
lines the demands of labor
Upon inception of STRIKE responded
maay Finances forthcoming where the
labor Of They
fighting their battles but with the evolution have developed three
o
The easily recognised
who his
the rebellion and who divorces himself his associates
his masters for the gterg gold placed command He devoid
OF f"ee that he places his honor market sa and falls for the highest
bidder
The second developed
field OF dct" and who has failed and oga
Of He left
' to fight the battles for which he responsible Instead of contributing his
financially morally seed OF
and has baving idint opportunity He
only degree of manhood than his predecessor the traitor who has
the folds merely degree Of
ability
The third and last class of working element
o who their maintaining fighting They
ge Up at the first turn of the road because their e accomplish
posts have been passed the road Persistence They
the and played the while
b. like the traitor who departed
also deserted the WHEN the
srstosce essential.
In the three classes uong movement
fundamental df~e All
and the when gngfd by the sensitive meec
They all the dor of working
fr~ess They all play roles
Of the railroads in their against those guard They
Their this struggle
that they think simple faro
all Poisonous simply
the figures from the indicator Of fme and place them before straight talk
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07
SHOPS SHUT DOWN.

The Y. q NJ. v. railroad shops shut down.
temporarily. last night. There was little work
for the men to do. and With the shutting down
Of the north end Of the road. il was decided
to close the shops until conditions improve.
A small force Of men will be continued to do
the necessary repair work to machinery and
running stock-vicksburs Press
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07
THE SCAB.

he snow and sleet were falling down
rs through Western Union town,
\ scab, forlorn. despiscd, forgot,
Went hunting for an open shop.
What is the matter an old man SAID.
! have plenty of iood and good clean bed
But first oi all | want you to tell
What lowered you down to the depths oi
hell
Have you a good clean card, the old man
,aid;
Did you pay up your dues and asses
men,s ahead.
DO your father and mother sanction your
lot,
Does your wife know her husband is
sesb and sot?
Are your children waiting to zee you come
home,
\ low down deserier despised by your
Will the dog from his kennel even welcome
you them
When he knows you're a scab. despised BY
all men,
Wait. wait, SAID the seab; no need to say
more.
could not IN no way partake OF your
store.
For surely you know me- by all that you tell.
I'm skunk and scsb. just one mile from
But. there is a reason for all that I've done
he'll.
The scab studied long to find only one
The union was rotten. the assessments
were high.
When officers were elected. some one got
pie.
| waited long for it to come my way.
As time wore on from day to day,
Till at last concluded this plan to adopt
Steal = few more tools and hunt open shop.
Sorry for what have done. Yes, I am,
And will have TO admit took the wrong
plan.
For seab amt man. as you all have seen,
But a jackass Of burden, low down and
mean.
A fine and forgiveness. yes that's all very
we'll,
And in many a strike I've heard union men
tell
But in this one its different, as you will
all see
II he's a scab when 1t started, when it
ends he will be.
Reinstatement yes. I've thought OF that
many times
But concluded at once it would COS, many
dimes.
So at once | decided to be content with
my lot.
I'm a seab now forever, my home open
shop.
The old man pondered as the scab wandered
on,
With his brand on his back and his tools
on his arm.
What class of sarmint is this that I've met
He can wander forever and stay out in
the wet.
Strike bulletin. (Clinton, Ill.) 1913-1915, 1913-05-07

All money for the Illinois Central Federa-
ton should Be sent to Carl e. Person. Strike
Secretary. Boz D. Clinton. Ill. and all money
for the Hartman Federation to G. z. Collings.
eth and Pine Sts. oakland, Cal