davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

the Panama railroad in the five years
it was building has been estimated at
5000 persons.
The route selected started at an Is
land near the coast on the Atlantic
side. the site of the city Of Colon.
crossed the hills into the valley of the
Chagres river and followed that valley
to the continental divide. over which
it passed with a maximum elevation OF
263 feet above sea level, and thence
down to Panama on the Pacific side.
Treacherous swamps. almost impene-
trable jungles and formidable streams
and mountains necessitated incredibly
hard labor and continuous work from
1850 to Jan. %, 1855. when the first
train reached Panama from Colon.
The line was forty-seven miles long.
built of Belgian rails and on a gauge
Of five feet.
The standard gauge in the United
States is four feet eight and a half
inches. so that all locomotives and cars
used on the Panama railroad have to
be specially built with wheels set far
ther apart.
The total cost had been s. ,4O7 .553, or
about Sl5S.000 mile. Dividends were
paid every year from 1858 to 1892 and
from 1901 to 1903. when it became
United States property.
The great prosperity Of the railroad
suffered serious setback with the
completion Of the California overland
railroad in 1860. Thenceforward the
valuable bullion shipmenta avoided
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
PANGOLlNS OF AFRICA.
Curious Anteaters That Train With
the Owls and Bats.

It is perhaps just as well to know
what pangolin is. although one is not
likely to meet it outside of Africa or
the London geological gardens. The
latter establishment has one of these
rare mammals and Is very proud of
it. This specimen Is of the particular
ly rare variety with the rather inele-
CANT given name Of white bellied."
The pangolin is sort Of anteater.
whose body is covered with scales. AL
though it is mammal, stranger ask
ed to make an offhand diagnosis would
certainly call it a lizard.
The white bellied pangolin trains
with the owl and bats and sleeps dur
ing the daytime. When sleeping it is
rolled up into an object about the size
Of Il large croquet ball. and in this pc.
sition. owing to it's plating OF pointed
scales. is about as easy to attack or
handle as hedgehog The sharp
pointed scales give it somewhat the
appearance of an animated fir cone"
Its natural food appears to be white
ants. but In captivity 1t thrives on
chopped raw meat and eggs. 1t is ar
boreal and wonderful climber with
it's clawed feet and prehensile tail.
1t seems to have no value to the hui
man race except as curiosity. al
though perhaps the natives in Africa
eat it as they do most everything else
that by any stretch Of the Imagination
can be called edible-worms. ants.
lizards. snakes. ETC.. ad nauseam.-New
York Post.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
An Indignant Artist.

Hayden. the painter. was much dis
gusted when he visited London in 1916
at the time when two of his finest
pictures were being shown at the
Egyptian hall. and the public thronged
into another room where General Tom
Thumb was on view. "Tbey rush by
thousands to see Tom Thumb" wrote
the disappointed painter in his diary.
Their eyes are open. but their sense
is shut. 1t Is an insanity. a rabies. a
madness. Juror. a dreamw Another
entry later on runs: TON Thumb had
10000 people last week. II. II. Hayden
1884, the half little Crib. Exquisite
taste Of the English peopleP'
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

the work.
Operations went ahead rapidly from
1880 onward. the method being to let
contracts for the different phases Of
the work. The canal started near Co
Ion. in Limon bay. and was to follow
the valley Of the Chagres river for
about thirty miles. thence through the
continental divide to the Pacific, three
miles west of Panama, about where
the canal begins.
BY 1885, however. extravaganza and
graft had enptied the cOmpany's
treasury. The contractors. as a rule.
did little and exacted much. 1t be-
came apparent. too. that sea level
type presented staggering difficulties
NJ. de Lesseps gave his consent to a
change in plans to a lock type but the
dam was to be at Bohio instead Of at
Gatun. BOhio Is seventeen miles from
the Caribbean. while Gatun is only
seven miles distant from that sea.
All the theatrical methods conceiva.
BILE We're employed to float new bond
issue for $16O.W0.0OO. but the public
had grown dubious over the success of
the enterprise. The amount was rails
ed. however. and was poured into the
project with more millions until 1889.
when. after $234. 19-.0l7 had been in
vested. the company became bankrupt.
The French treated their white en-
ployees with Pytravagant generosity.
Living accommodations were ON
scale Of open handed liberalty. Little
was done beyond building hospitals to
conquer the bad health conditions of
the isthmus. and. while the French
left patterns for much of the later
American activities. the sanitary con-
troll of the jungle distinctively is an
American triumph. The death rate
among French employees on the canal
was from two to three times as high
as under the Americans.
In 1890 an extension of ten years to
the time for completing the canal was
granted by Colombia. and subsequent
ly extensions were permitted that ad.
vanced the life of the concession until
Oct. 81. 1910. \ new Panama Canal
company was organized in 1894. with
"A capital of $l3.000.O00, and. while it
spent this amount and more. it never
attained the momentum Of the first
company. The maximum force under
the first company WIS 2J,00O men and
under the second regime 5000.
The total excavation by the French
in Panama was 100000 yards of
which the first company took out Co.
000O00 yards, but out of all their work
only 29.90S.O0O yards were eXcavated
from the present American route. For
years before the Americans came the
French did just enough work to keep
their concession alive.
The mechanical equipment we took
over frun the French the houses and
hospitals and especially the engineer
ing records were Invaluable from the
start of American opera tons. and
much sill IS in Use
An effort WAS made by the French
company in 1898 to interest the United
States government in the enterprise.
provided permission could be secured
from Colombia. But this failed. and
the plan of 1908 for turning the prop
erty over to the United States was it's
successor.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

Panama. as we'll as passenger and
freight business. The business shows
steady decline from that year.
Colombia turned to the French after
negotiating fruitlessly with the United
States over a canal concession. and
the company headed by NJ. de Lesseps
was granted n right of way. 1t
bought the road for $lS094.0 600 in 1881.
paying considerably more than 1t was
worth. or $3.50 share for sixty-eight
seventieths of the capital stock.
The French neglected the CONNER
cial possibilities even more than the
American owners had. though divi-
dends were earned during the life of
the first company. When the United
States bought the interests of the
French company in 1904 the Panama
railroad was one of the properties
transferred. 1t was sadly run down.
hut under the Americans 1t was made
over into a modernly equipped and OPP
nrctod system. though subordinated as
commercial proposition to the con
struction of the canal.
Passenger rates dropped from $50 a
one way ticket in 1855 to $40 under
the Americans today. The trip from
Colon to Panama is two hours and a
half, and the coaches are painted yell
low because that color best stands the
isthmian climate.
The plans for the canal as adopted
by the Americans in 1906 played havoc
with the right of way of the railroad.
So In June. 1907. the work of relocat-
ing it back among the hills out of
reach of Gatun lake was begun. After
five years work, or as long as it re-
quired to build the original line in
lS50-5. the new line was opened to
traffic in 1912.
This twentieth century Panama rail
road has cost $0.O00O00. as compared
with the cost of the nineteenth cen
fury road. $100000O. an increase of
50 .O0OC00 after IL lapse of sixty years.
The dream of pan American rail
road has been entertained ever since
steam locomotion came into use. When
several gaps are filed in there will be
railroad communication through Mex
leo, Guatemala and Nicaragua to Costa
Rica, which adjoins Panama. The re-
public Of Panama has been planning
an interior railroad system that would
be part Of an all rail route from the
United States to the canal. Before
many years it is likely that bridge
will span the canal in railroad sys-
tenn that reaches from Canada through
Panama to the mainland of South
America, thence down the west coast
to Valparaiso.
Ferdinand de Lesseps and his Pana
ma career vindicate strikingly the
truth Of the adage that nothing sue
ceeds like success The French Pana
ma Canal company was tloated on the
strength of his achievement in cutting
a sea level passage from the Mediter-
ranean to the Red sea. thus making an
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17


When he turned his attention to Pan
anna as new field for glory the
French people enthusiastically applaud
ed his audacity and. what is more sig
nifcant and substantial. invested. first
and last. $265 100000 in the enter
prise.
The French were theatrical In their
plans for launching the enterprise. A
world congress of engineers was in
vited to assemble in Paris in May,
1870. to decide upon the type and cost
of the canal. NJ. de Lessep$ presided
and guided the decision to sea level
type. the same as at Suez. There were
eleven Americans in the assembly, the
extent of American interest.
Under the stimulus of these proceed
ings the new company's stock was
Oversubscribed by the admiring coun-
trymen Of the great De Lesseps. the
first issue being for $6O,OOO,OOO. NJ.
de Lesseps then made spectacular
trip to Panama. arriving at Colon on
Dec. 80. 1870.
The first blast Of an explosive in the
construction of the isthmian canal was
set of by one Of the young daughters
of M. de Lesseps at Culebra on Jan.
10, 1880. After several weeks of ban
quoting Count de Lesseps left for the
United States to stir the imagination
Of the Americans over the enterprise.
About the only result was to attract
the attention Of some contractors to
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
ENGLAND'S CURIOUS WELL.
It's Water Never at the Same Level
For Two Consecutive Minutes.

It's Water Never at the Same Level
For Two Consecutive Minutes.
Two miles out from Settle on the
main road between that town and In
gleton. Yorkshire. England. there Is to
be found one Of the most curious Of
natural phenomena in the shape Of the
famous ebbing and flowing we'll Of Gig
gleswick.
A small. unpretentious little struc-
ture. scarcely to be distinguished from
Extraordinary trough Of water to be seen
on many of our country roads. 1t is yet
one of the most quaint and fascinatin.
spectacles one could hope to see. AS
the name implies. the well has the ma,
ture Of tide. 1t GIBBS and flows con-
tnually. though by no means with reg
ularity.
Sometimes the privileged Traveller
will see the Oblong stone basin filed
with clear water: then. even as he
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

The first edition Of Browning's paul
inc" was sold at auction for $2.400. yet
not only did Browning receive nothing
for it originally, but he would have
withdrawn it from print II 1t had been
possible. Yet so highly did Rossetti
think Of this despised masterpiece
that. not being able to find copy else
where. he went to the British museum
library and spent several laborious
days copying it word for word.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

gazes into its pellucid depths, the wa
ter gradually sinks until the trough is
half empty. or it may be more. There
is barely time to wonder at this strange
thing ere. with rush and a whirl. the
trough is again full. The ebb and flow
continue with more or less marked ef-
feet. and the water is never at the
same level for two consecutive min
utes. Sometimes the outflow has
scarcely begun before the basin again
fills. but at other times the trough Is
almost emptied. - Wide World Maya
zine.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
CONTINUED in next issue)
HEALTH HINT FOR TODAY.
Care Of the Hair.

More important. perhaps. than
the washing is the drying of the
hair. This should be done with
warm, soft towels. Never use
Turkish towels. as they are very
apt to tangle the hair and catch
it in their meshes. thus pulling
it out. They are more apt also
to leave lint on the hair than are
towels with smooth surface.
Always dry your hair in the sun,
as this gives gloss and sheen
that can be obtained in no other
way. Let the direct rays shine
upon 1t and never put it up until
it is as dry as it was before you
washed it.
Wetting the hair to make 1t
smooth is very apt to cause de-
composition at the roots and Is
very bad practice. Water is
not a good dressing for the hair.
In drying the hair it is well to
grasp it ny the ends and shake
it. In this way the moisture is
more quickly evaporated. Mas
sage Of the scalp during the
process of drying is also benefi-
cial.
If your hair is inclined to be
very dry rub into the scalp lit
tie bland oil. such as oil of al
mond. This must be perfectly
sweet, as rancid oil is injurious.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

correspondent sends the Glasgow
Herald some anecdotes Of that period.
not so long ago. when women knew
nothing of golf. One lady. making
sympathetic conversation at dinner,
said to keen golfer: II often see you
in your red coat. Do you need many
dogs to play golf?" A younger lady
said she knew exactly how the game
was played. "They get what they call
caddier to hunt about in the grass
till they find round stone, and then
they hit it into rabbit hole" A third
lady. who had evidently enjoyed near
err view Of the game. said: ut is play
ed by two men. One is a gentleman
and the other is common man. The
common man sticks ball on lump of
dirt. and the gentleman knocks it or"
Westminster Gazette.
r,rs, 0upmarino LapIe.
The cable between Dover, England.
and Calais. France. opened in 1850.
was the first Suhma rine cahlo
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
WastefuI.

Grasper "a very careful man)-No. I
should never allow my only daughter
to marry journalist. He always
wastes one side Of the paper. And
still less should she wed poet. He
doesn't even go to the end Of the line
Exchange.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
BY WILLIAM r. SCOTT
Psornr Mar OF THE PANAMA CANAL.

prOmOntOry in the Pacific and. al.
though captured again by the pirates
in 1850. has remained on the new ste
to this time.
Panama in 1921 caught the spirit of
revolt and accomplished its freedom
from Spain in bloOdleSS revolution.
It then Joined the Confederation OF
New Granada. the Colombia of today.
under Simon Bolivar. South Americas
great soldier and statesman. Here
ended the career of the Spanish in
-"2-2:.:A.
CHAPTER w.
The French In Panama.
~HE independence of Panama
from Spain by bloodless
8 revolution in 1891 had placed
the iSthmus in Il new position
for other European governments or
the United States to negotiate terms
for concessions. The American PEG.
pie were jenIous of foreign activities.
but not aggressively active themselves
in concrete efforts toward Il canal.
The ever alert French In 1917. after
securing a concession to build a rail
road. allowed it to kipse. 1t is signifi-
cant that this French failure was fol
lowed, as in the case of trying to dig
canal, by Il successful attempt by
the Americans.
Three MISUNDERSTANDING II. Aspin-
wall. John l.. Stephens and Henry
Chauncey of New York. taking adj
vantage of the opening made by the
French failure-obtaned Il concession
from the Bogota government in 1910
for building a railroad across the
isthmus at Panama, with the impor-
tant provision that no canal could be
constructed there without the com
pany'S consent.
Their concession was for period of
fortynne years after the completion
of the railroad. but Colombia reserved
the right. twenty years after it's com
plrtion. to purchase the road for
SJ.0O0O00.
Luckily for the American promoters
the discovery of gold in California in
1910 came just as they We're seeking
to fIoat their company. The isthnfian
route to California at once became
heavily travelled. and the eyes of the
whole world. particularly of the Unit
ed States. were again fastened upon
Panama.
The addition of the territories OF
Oregon and California to the United
States still further emphasized the
need of quick communication between
the Atlantic and Pacific. The Panama
railroad. therefore. took hold upon the
popular imagination.
'Aspinwal and his associates pushed
the construction of the road under
James l.. Baldwin. an American civil
engineer of uncommon ability. Labor
of desirable kind was not obtainable.
Many nationalities were tried, with
tragic failure on the part of the Chi
nese. who seemed unable to face the
terrors of the jungle. The life cost of
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
Story of the Panama Canal From Start to Finish

Published by the Statler Publishing company.
sol Fifth avenue. New York city.
Copyright. 1912 and 1919. by William r. Scott
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

Truth.
Some people seem to think that truth,
like rubber. will go farther If they
stretch it.-Youth's Companion.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

SN LEVEL CHANNeS
- NILES
LOCKS
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17
CHAPTER III.
The Spanish In Panama,

~ the fourth attempt Columbus
made to find a passage to the
~ East Indies he cruiSed along
thu iSthu1iup ronct from San-
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-10-17

Continued from last issue)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-09
DINNER DANCE POPULAR
IN NEW ORLEANS.


The TimeS-Democrat SAYS. Society
has become so enthusiastic over at
tending the various cabaret perform
ances and with dancing at the diff
ferent tea gardens and at the "souper
dansants." that without many enter
tainments being given there is a con-
tinual round of gayety to be found at
the various gatherings and more gem
eral activity socially than for a NUM-
Der of years. The opera continues to
attract large audiences at every per-
Torrance, and supper parties follow
ing these, or given after the theatre,
tertaiping. The social life as it is this
winter is more inclusive Of all circles,
and while 1t may not count for the
making of particularly brilliant sea
son, which needs a number of large
and elaborate affairs to give real ecIat
to the winter, still there is a great
deal of satisfaction in the amount of
real pleasure derived.
The dinner dance at the 'GrunewaId
Wednesday evening found the room
almost too crowded for comfort. so
many well-known people had respond
ed to the invitations sent out by the
Dancing Club" and, that, in spite of
the fact that so many. too. were at
tending the reception given at the
Delgado Museum to the architects.
here for their convention. There is no
diminution of the dance craze In fact,
it seems rather on the increase If
that were possible, and as one of the
younger girls naiVely remarked, Isn't
it terrible that everybody wants to
dancer" for oyercrowded rooms do not
make for comfort in the terpsicho-
rean maze. Il is not infrequent that
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-09
TRIBUTE TO PRESIDENT
GENERAL Ii d C


Mrs. Daisy McLaurin Stevens, who
was selected to succeed Mrs. White, is
the daughter of the late governor OF
Mississippi and United States Senator
AnseIm J McL.aurin. She had been
active in United Daughters Of Confed-
eracy work for number of years,
serving first as president of the local
chapter at Carrollton, Miss, and after
ward two years as president of the
mississippi division. During her ad-
ministration the work took on new
zest, many monuments were erected.
and many new members added to the
organization. Educational work was
greatly advanced, and altogether her
administration was a most successful
one Mrs. Stevens is an energetic
worker, and so great is her determine
ton that anything she undertakes is
suecess-no detail is ever neglected.
She is known as one of the best wo-
this from her gifted father. Mrs.
Stevens is a graduate of the Brandon
Female College, where she was
valedictorian in a class of nine. After
that she graduated in Belmont college,
where she was the editor inc chief OF
the Belmont annual Her debut in So
ciety was made In Washington. d. c.,
while her father was senator there.
The marriage ceremony, which was
held in the executive mansion of her
native state, united her to one OF the
two youngest judges that Mississippi
has ever known. When asked what
her various accomplishments were,
she iookeA embarrassed and said: IF
have ana it is talent for oratory.''
Mrs. StsE1-. responded to the speech
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-09
AUCTION BRIDGE CLUB
TO PLAY EACH TUESDAY,

A congenial company Of the MEM
bers of the married set have formed
a new club, the purpose of which will
be to devote an afternoon each week
to auction bridge and the first meet
ing will be held on Tuesday at the
home of Mrs. E. F. Bruce on North
Barcelona street.
The club begins its existence with
three tables but there will be several
additions attire the holidays.
The list of players who have planned
interesting games for each Tuesday
afternoon. are, Mrs. Oliver Semmes,
Mrs. T. L. Cant, Mrs. E. F. Bruce,
Mrs B. S. Hancock, Mrs. j. B. Nc
NELL, Mrs. W. G.. Prather, Mrs. w.
d. Smith. Mrs. J. F.. Dusenbery,
Mrs. George Owen, Mrs. r. NJ. Cary,
Mrs. V. F. Balkcom and Mrs. J.
H. Smithwick.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-09
To Have Smooth White,
Soft Skin All Winter

Does your skin chap or roughen easily
in this weather. or become unduly red or
bIotchy? Let me tell you a quick, easy
way to overcome the trouble and keep
your complexion beautifully white,
smooth and soft the winter long. Just
get an ounce of ordinary mercolized wax
at the nearest drugstore and use little
before retiring, as you would cold cream.
Upon arising, remove the coating with
srldsy water. The wax, through some
peculiar attribute. fecks of the rough,
ciiscolored or bIenished skin. The worn
out cuticle comes off just like dandruff on
a diseased scalp, only in almost invisible
particles. Mercolized wax simply hastens
Natures work. Used as required, it keeps
the face constantly free from devitalized
scarf skin and only the healthy, young
looking skin is in evidence It's the best
treat unent known for weatherbeaten,
aged. muddy, freckled, pimpled and all
uubeautiful compilations.
Some skins wrinkle easily in winter.
There's an excellent remedy in a harm
less wash lotion made by dissolying 1 or.
powdered saxolite in Z pint witch hazel
This will quickly eradicate every line.
tadv.l
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-09
NEW ORLEANS DEBUTANTE
F7ETTILY ENTERTAINED

Mr.. and Mrs. J. d. Hayward We're
hosts last evening at a debutante din
ner, entertaining at their home in
First street complimentary to Miss
Edith Clark, the daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. John F. Clark of Palmer avenue
and one of the very much feted young
women introduced this winter A large
silver bowl filled with pink and white
Killarney roses, and silver vases hold
ing similar flowers, decorated the din
ner table. Among the guests were:
Miss Clark, Miss Laura Hayward
Misses Mary Orme, CIarice Claiborne,
Ethelyn Legendre, Mary Agnes
O'Donnell, Marie Celeste Where,
Elizabeth Clarke, Messrs. Buxton
Layton, John Fairfax, Jr.. Wheeler
Voolfolk, George Stanton, Alvin How
adr Geo. Clarke, J. r. Mccarthy and
Russell Clark.-Times-D Democrat