The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-15
RAYMOND W. PULLMAN,
INES Washington Bureau, heWopGH'
tan Bank Building.


WASHINGTON. July l5.-Whether
this governments explorations in FOR
eign lands in
plant immigrants ; are OF new
Of Great Value.p a ats ana new
crops is an activity
which Is worth while Is often ques'
ticued The hrst impulse OF the aver
ace man is 10 say that All OF the crops
which will grow i'm this country are
already known and il is more or less
useless TO seek new crops. Opinions
of this kind have AZ times been eN-
pressed on the floor OF congress. the
rashness OF such statements Is SHOWN
whom the annual value Of the immi-
Grant crops Of the imported and in
PRODUCED cereals alone is considered.
Durum wheat for instance, experts
have calculated VAS introduced IN
mis- country in lS9S.i900. at a cost OF
MOI more than $4,000. This drought
resisting class OF hard spring wheat.
brought from south Russia, now fur
uishes -four or a good part OF the ma
tons bread supply and is exported
TO foreign countries in large quantities
10 be used in the better grades OF mae
aroni.
The introduction OF durum wheat
made II possible 10 extend the wheat
producing area over many thousand
acres in the semiarid northwest
where no other varieties formerly
could be proftsbly grown. The annual
value OF this crop. introduced in this
country al a cost OF not more than
$50 900. is now estimated at between
2 80 .OO0 900 and $50, 100000
About the time OF the successful
introduction OF the durum wheat, the
Crmean and Kharkoy wheats, hard
winter varieties were introduced from
southern Russia and planted owes
large areas III Ka-sas, Nebraska and
adjacent states. More recently JEese
wheats nave been introduced in the
| intermountain states farther west
, These varieties. introduced at a rela-
lively small cost, are also PRODUCING
crops now valued at many millions o.
| dollars
Another cereal which is giving large
returns ior the amount or about So
| 00o invested In it's Introduction by the
government is the brand OF Swedish
seec; oats brought 70 the United
! States in 1892 The Wisconsin aerl-
| cultural experimental station and the
| Wisconsin Experimental association
! have taken great interest in this varl-
/ ETY. II now forms about one-half ot
/ the oat crop OF the whole state. and
/ the annual increase In value OF the
olt crop in Wisconsin alone, due ia
! large Yields produced from growing
his Swedish Dat, is approximately
| 1000 .000 on an original investment
OF only $4,000 this return sounds IKE
la get-rich-quick scheme Swedish oats
| are now grown extensively all over
| the states along the Canadian border,
! The Russian oat known as the sixty
| day oat was introduced in 1901 at a
cost even less than that OF the Swed-
ish select. This is an early matuiins
variety and is adapted 70 the 60
! belt and semi-arid districts OF the
west. It promises 10 be even more
profitable than the Swedish variety.
Agricultural explorers brought from
Japan in 1898 number OF short
kerneled varieties OF rice. the intro
| duction OF which has given great i'm
/ petus 10 the cultivation OF this cereal
! In Louisiana and Texas. Although the
/ total cost OF introducing these varieties
/ did not exceed 100000 the annual In
crease Of the rice crop caused by their
/ introduction is estimated 10 be al
/ least s3,000.000
| Experts OF the United States de
| partment OF agriculture have accom-
plished considerable in the introduc.
/ tion OF the grain sorghums. includinc
kafr. milo and durra, which have
] been distributed almost entirely by
government agents, This class OF
crops is the mainstay Of agriculture
/ in the semi-arid southwest, and is rel
atively as Important there as corn in
! Iowa and Illinois The value Of the
grain sorghums crop in western Tex
/ as, Oklahoma and Kansas is not less
than s40000.000 annually. In recent
years workers in government employ
| have greatly improved this grain sors.
huns in earliness and yield and the
growth is rapidly expanding Kao-
! lang. a very early type of grain sorg-
I huns. has been introduced from China
/ during the past few years, and owing
20 the fact that il can be grown far
/ Their north and at a higher altitude
/ than kafir and milo, it is expected this
variety will still further increase the
areas where grain sorghums are
grown. Besides the cereals which
have been mentioned. the department
Of agriculture also introduced into this
country improved varieties Of barley
which have been introduced on the
many sections adapted 10 the cult
vation Of this valuable grain.
Many men Of the grain invcstiga.
| iion division Of the department o.
agriculture, under the direction OF
! Carleton II. Rail, are now working i'm
various sections OF the country test.
ing the variety OF cereals and meth.