davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-07-13
To Look and Feel
Bright in Hot Weather
From rhe Woman Beautiful.) J

(From The Woman Beautifully
This Is the season when she who
would nave rose leaf compile xion, lily
white neck and hands, should turn her
thoughts to mercolized wax. the firm
friend Of the summer girl. Nothing SO
effectually overcomes the soiling eff
fects of sun, wind, dust and dirt The
wax literally absorbs the scorched dis
colored, withered or coarsened cuticle,
bringing forth a brand new skin, clear,
soft and girlishly beautiful. 1t also un-
clogs the pores, removing blackheads
and increasing the skins breathing
capacity An ounce of mercolized wax.
obtainable at any drug store, applied
nightly like cold cream. and washed off
mornings. will gradually improve the
worst complexion.
When depressed by the heat and you
want to freshen up for the evening,
bathe tie face in a lotion made by dis
solving an ounce Of powdered saxolite
in a half pint witch hazel. You'll find
this more refreshing than an hours
rest. 1t is fine for smoothing out
wrinkles, even the deeper ones.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-07-13

II HE only woman in Alabama who
knows all the politicians, from
= the very ambitious who would be
governor to the man of modest aspi-
ration who aims no higher than seat
in the lower house of the legislature,
is Miss Mary Donnelly.
Her knowledge has not been gained
through effort, but is the result of the
desire OF the politicians to thrust
greatness upon her. For she has lit
tie regard for politics. She admits
that she is too busy to be a suf-
1ragette. She is not imbued with
visionary schemes to cleanse the world
of all its evil. She has no desire to
serve in the embryonic army of those
who feel that the weight of the uni
verse has been dumped upon their
shoulders.
But she knows all the politicians.
For she is the medium between the
self-styled statesmen and Lady Nico-
tine. She sells cigars and cigarettes
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-07-13
Clever Cripples

Talleyrand the notorious French states
man, friend of Napoleon, and Ar,bassa-
dor at the English court. was designed for
a military career; but an accident when
one year old, rendered him cripple for
life. His cunning cleverness. his political
penetration. .adroit intrigues and ingeni-
Gus subterfuges We're vehemently opposed
by the Emperor's wife, Josephine, who
encrgetically denounced him as "cursed
cripple" says Tit-Bits.
Josiah Wedgwood. the famous potter
and scientist, suffered from a disease OF
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-07-13
HOTSPRINGS, ARKANSAS, DISCOVERS
Great Remedy for Bad Liver and Irregular Bowels

It's easy to coax your liver to do its
duty by using HOT SPRINGS. LIVER !
BUTTONS. a remedy that firmly but
gently compels 1t to do what nature in
teneded 1t should do.
HOT SPRINGS LIVER BUTTONS act
gently but surely on the bowels driv-
Ing out every bit of poisonous waste
without any distress.
Every druggist In this vicinity hoe
HOT SPRINGS LIVER BUTTONS. and
besides torpid liver and constipa zion.
they are prescribed by Hot Springs
physicians for headache malaria, dizzi-
ness, biliousness, Indigestion, foul
breath and sallow skin. They drive i'm ~
'purities from the blood. s5 cents Amer
lea over. II z
Sample free from Hot Springs Chem
ical Co.. Hot Springs, Ark
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-07-13
Visitors Home From Great
Health Resort Say Constipa-
ton, Headache and Dizzi-
ness Will Bother Us No
More and Calomel is
Unnecessary

The liver is the straight road to
health. If your liver is right you are
right Everybody's liver goes bad once
in while; gets lazy or stubborn or
sick or clogged up.
Whenever. your liver rebels, don't take.
horsewhip to 1t in the form Of calo-
mel or violent purgatives or even harsh
cathartics. Such treatment 10 sure to
result In much damage
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
ms !. APPLY 4 y !
FOR|PlRD0y
ROM CELLS
State Pardon Pa Rard coaysnss " y
in 0iflc1 1 Of the
PslndaIlary
Largest ! llst bt Applicants
Ever AeaIfl at Annual
| /! Medllg
five Convicts We're Released
v>aSl. L., AoA2n~
five ConyiCts We're Released
Yesterday by Action
Of Board

The board Of pardons is in session
in this city, having convened Tues
day at the capitol for the purpose Of
considering one of the largest, it not
the largest, list of applications ever
brought before similar board.
There were 1l3 applications for
pardon. OF these the board consid-
cred about & a dozen yesterday and
granted five, most of which we're con-
ditional.
Today the board will sit at the
penitentiary, which will expedite mat
ters, as in most cases the prisoner is
in attendance at the hearing. OF
course there are a great many Of
these applications which will be dis
posed of rapidly, owing to the, fact
that they are without merit. 1t is
not known just how long the session
will last.
Following are the cases disposed Of
yesterday.
Frank Joseph Mikl, life, murder,
Welsh county. Sentenced March 10,
1909, conditional pardon asked
denied.
Denver Woods, 13 years, manslaugh
ter. April %, 1911, Bowman county.
Conditional pardon asked-denied.
VIM. Goodwin, 10 years, rape. Aug.
II, 1908, Adams county. Full pardon
asked. On account of good record
and commutation will be released
December Is, next. y
Carl M. Olson, life, murder. June 2,
1905, McHenry county. Conditional
pardon asked-denied.
G.. A. Lewis, 10 years. incest. Aug
80, 1912, Dunn County Conditional
pardon asked-denied.
VIM. Abelson. Is years, murder Sc.
cond degree. March II. 1911. Par
don or ccmmutation asked denied.
Francisco Gallatto, 5 years, assault
with deadly weapon. Nov. 20, 1910,
Grand Forks county. Pardon granted.
John H. Summerside, | to years,
grand larceny. Burleigh county, par
don granted, effective Feb. Is, 1914,
conditioned upon good behavior,
Gee. p. Stroll, 10 years, murder Sc
cond degree. Feb. %, 1908, Dickey
county. Pardon granted,
Tom Collins. 10 years, highway
robbery. Dec. "a, 1908, Ward county.
Pardon granted
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
Supreme Court Kicks Oat
Last Prop From Under
Official
4ffirms Decision Of District
Court Which Convicted
Of EmbezzlemeDt
One Time School supeliatel-
dan, Has Fought Fate
For Two Years
BickfOrd Was Known 10 PaSt
As Reform Leader Of
Insurgents

1t looks like George l.. Bickford, ex
state treasurer, will have to go to the
pen. The supreme court Tuesday
handed down decision affirming the
decision OF the lower court, wherein
he was sentenced to do time.
Bickford was arrested and tried on
the charge of embezzeling state funds
He was found guilty and sentenced
to from l to years in the peniten-'
tiary. He then moved for q new
triel, which was denied by the district
court Of Mclean county, Judge Craw-
ford presiding. at y s.,l3,' Y, ,s ;,ts y
He then appealed to the supreme
court with the result that his appli-
cation was denied in Tuesdays deci-
sen. and Judge Crawford sustained
Mr. Bickford now has fifteen days
in which to ask for a re-hearing.
Should he make this application there
may be a few days suspense before
the matter is disposed Of. Should he
be turned down or should he fail to
make the application there will be
but one road for. him and that will be
straight to the pen.
The case has been one of great in
terest in this state, owing to the
prominence of Bickford as state trea-
surer, and furthermore that he was
CONTINUED from Page A.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
SHOOT
AS ANGRY mob
STORMS WAGON.

Indianapolis, Ind, Dec. An ef.
fort to call general strike In SYM
pathy with the teamsters and chauf-
feurs' strike was started at a meet
ing Of the Teamsters' union.
No definite action was taken, 1t be-
ing decided to wait until the union
officers conferred with the leaders
of the Central Labor union. The
question will come up today. s
The first fatality of the strike,
which started Sunday, occurred when
a crowd interfered with an ice wagon
in charge of six special officers, who
fired when the crowd threw bricks.
Claude Lewis, a negro, was killed and
four others were wounded, one fatal
ly. The special officers were releas-
ed on their own recognizance.
Another crowd was fired upon by q
negro driver when his wagon was at
tackled. One was injured and the
driver was arrested
The police made many arrests and
the cases OF persons arrested Mon
day were continued until next, Mon
day.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
President 10 Person Delivers
Short Pithy Address
TO Congress
Declares There Can Be No
Peace in Mexico Till
huefta Resigns
Waiting Policy He Says viii
Surely Achieve Despoi's
Downfall
Urges Pending Currency Bill
As Real GOdSend to
Farmers

Washington, Dec. 2.-President Will
son laid before congress the legisla-
tive ambition of the democratic ad-
;ministration. For exactly twenty
eight minutes the president stood be-
fore the assembled senate and house
in the la:ters chamber and read his
first annual address.
Applause punctuated the important
utterances. Briefly Ne president
O t''ned his program for .,cial JUS.
tice a1G the general welfare OF the
na.icn and proclaimed the aspirations
of the United States for international
amity and the maintenance Of con.
stitutional government in all Ameri-
ca. -.
OF less than three thousand words
the message was ono OF the briefest
and the most novel in marked contras
to the hitherto lengthy documents av-
eraging twenty-five thousand words.
Later republicans and democrats
alike pronounced the message the ut
terance ia statesman. OF particulaa
significance was one demonstration OF
applause regarded here as of unmis.
taxable approval greeting the presi
dents remarks "there can be no GER
tain prospect of peace in America
until General Huerta has surrender.
ed his usurped authority in Mexico
Gentlemen OF the congress: In
pursuance Of my constitutional duty
Continued on Page 90
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
women IN SILK
1RAMPS in rags
M|NGLE At Fire

.se.a y ... . . = 7 ~. . y +.
st. Louis, Dec. 2.--Women in silks
and fine furs and choboesl literally
clothed in rags mingled freely in the
new 100000 home of the St. Louis
city rescue mission during the dedi-
cation exercises yesterday. The mis-
sion will seek to benefit both the
homeless and the professional man.
TO the former it plans to give free
baths, medical attention, clothing.
laundry, meals, assistance in securing
work and clean living rooms. For the
business and professional men It Will
hold MONDAY prayer meetings six
days a week, will teach the best me
:hods of applying Christianity and
will show them the good in all men
and the way to bring it out.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
GAS FILLED
Mine: IS GUN
MANS TOMB

Bingham, Utah, Dec Mot q
sound since Monday night has come
from the Utah Apex mine, in which
Ralph Lopez. the Mexican desperado,
is confined.
All the-exits except att the lowest
level are sealed with double bulk
heads. Last night it was believed
that the gas filled mine had become
the fugitives tomb.
The tense watchfulness of seven
hundred deputies for a break for lib
erty was relaxed 1t was considered
impossible for him to approach any
exit without capture.
That the Mexican gunman, who
killed fellow countryman and five
officers because woman favored an
other is still alive, remains a bare
possibility. He perhaps sealed him
self up in some distant portion of the
mine against the invasion Of the gas.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
PAINT DOCTOR
MORAL PURIST,
NOT MURDERER

Shelbyville, Ind, Dec. 2,zz77The de-
fense had it's inning in the trial Of DR..
William B. Craig for the murder of
DR.. Helene Knabe.
In three hour address by Henry
Sraan, of the accused mans counsel,
Craig was pictured as a prosecuted
man, who could establish a reputa-
tion for clean living through the tes-
timony Of a hundred witnesses and
could produce others to swear he
was elsewhere until late hour, at
least, on the night he is alleged to
have killed DR.. Knabe in her apart
ment.
When the prosecution again assum-
ed the aggressive and began the in
PRODUCTION Of witnesses to support it's
case, the defense met the attack bold
ly.
Hypothesis of murder on cne side
was pitted against the suicide theory
on the other and when the day ended
there was no testimony before the
jury to show by what means DR..
Knabe came to her death.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
N balm and
CHILD Wife
ARE UNITED

William McBain and his child wife
are together again on his brothers
farm at FeSsenden.
So emphatic was the demand Of
public sentiment that the boy husband
should be released from the peni-
tentiary where he had been branded
a. criminal for shielding his sweet
hearts honor and be given an oppor-
tunity to prove his moral innocence
in an open trial that Monday he was
taken from his cell back to Fessen-
den and given the opportunity to
change his plea Of guilty to one Of
not guilty.
Pending regular trial in the dis
trict court of Wells county he was
released on a bond of $500 and his
case set for hearing Jan. TO-
A bond was readily furnished and
McBain and his wife by his side went
back to their home.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
WOMEN /
Will not BECOME
MILITANT BODY

Washington, Dec. 2.-Fear of bring
ing on a revolt in America by mill.
tant suffragist organization, caused;
the leaders in the National Woman
Suffrage association to abandon their
efforts to adopt the new constitution
reported By the revision committee.
It advocates rights for state asso-
Citations and its opponents proposed
a budget system for raising national
organization funds, but the conven.
tion declined to accept the. recommen-
tlation and finally the draft was re-
ferred back to the committee with
instructions that compromisr con-
stitution to meet the views OF all FAC
tions should be prepared.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
MOTION PICTURES TO
INDUCE SETTLERS TO
LOCATE IN GARRISON R

4. L. Stanley, immigration agent
for Mclean county, passed through
Bismarck last night enroute to Chi.
cago, from which place he will go to
Illinois and Indiana to secure home
seekers for the section in the vicin-
lity of Garrison. .3ss
He carries with him sterecptican
views Of the farming country in that
county and will give 9 series Of Il.
alustrated lectures on farming cOndi-
tions In North Dakota. .,,.s
This is done at the instance Of the
Garrison Industrial organization
which has decided to spend $12 900
in securing new settlers.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
Seg1ll0s wfltsto Permit Him
to View NE Body Of
meIfOse Hermit
Action Will Bring Battle Be-
tween DakOtan and Bat
Almy IntO Court
On Verge Collapse, Claimant
10 Fortune Says Recluse
Was Murdered
Declares de VIII Assault.
Fresno Dan and So
Reopen Case

Melrpse, Mass, Dec. 2-Through
his counsel William r. Scharton, Da-
kota Dan, Tuesday filed petition
asking for an injunction restraining
Ferdinand B.. Almy, executor of the
Russell estate from Keeping the Da-
lota claimant out Of the Russell
home. ss Mn s'.33
This move was sprung as an entire
surprise 1t brings the CLASH between
Almy and Dakota Dan into the mid
dlesex county courts for a hearings.
In his petition the Dakotan accused
Almy Of taking possession not only
of the Russell home buth of the body
of William G. Russell. Dakota Dan
asks Bat Almy to be summoned to
show cause why the Dakotan should
not be permitted to enter the house
and view the body Of William C. Rus
sell.
After signing the petition Dakota
Dan declared he believed William G.
9 kxryN /
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
SAYS PRESIDENT
OVERLOOKED BET

. : 80 y
Washington, Dec. DIR. Anna
Howard Shaw. president Of the Ma
tional Woman's Suffrage association,
created a sensation at the convention
last night, when she declared Presi-
dent Wilson had fallen short Of the
greatest opportunity he ever had or
would have, in falling to say a word
in behalf of woman suffrage Tues
day, when he read his annual mes
sage.
She said she had hoped the presi-
dent would arise to the occasion, but
while he recognized the necessity for
the extension of the ballot to the
Filipinos and urged territorial voters
rights for Alaska, he failed to men
tion woman suffrage IN his omssaee.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03

President Poincare Of France will
head the congress to be held at the
Sorbonne. Paris, early in December
to consider the proposition of start
ing an international city. Ever
since the city planning idea has be.
come popular it has been the ambi-
tion Of those Interested in ciic up
lift to see the establishment of an
international city laid out along the
city planning scheme. Credit Is Civ
en- Hendrix Christian Anderson, an
architect Of Rome, for the origin of
the idea.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
GENERAL SCOTT BRINGS
HOME indian CAPTIVES

Gallup, M. M, Dec. q General Hugh
Scott and a deputy United States
marshall with a detachment of troop.
ers, arrived from the Naval reserva-
ton, having IN custody eight of the
ring leaders in the recent uprising
among the Navajos.
The Indians will be taken to Santa
re for trial.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03

New y ork Dec. Mrs. Harriet
Stanton Blatch, who is one of the
best known woman suffragists in the
country and who planned to take an
actie part in the national suffrage
convention at, Washington, Nov. 20 to
Dec. 5, is confident that women will
have the vote throughout the world
long before her little grandchild is
of legal age. Mrs. Blatch is here
shown with her grandchild on her
knee, telling her a fairy story with
a votes for women moral to it.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
ROYCE TO WASHINGTON.

Washington, Dec. FLAMES P.
Royce, superintendent of the Wahpe-
ton Indian schools Of North Dakota
is here, transacting business before
the Indian bureau of the interior de.
partment.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
FORMER NORTH DAKOTA TREASURER george |. M(XFORD
MUST Go Behind THE BARS FOR FROM | TO 3 YEARS

; : 4 q e {" = = 3 e
|: FLOOD D1ALs DEATH.
: BeIton, TexAs, Dec. 2.-Five
: persons were crowned and pro.
: perty valued n many thous-
!: ands Of doilaes was destroyed
!. Tuesday In flood which
: spread over territory ap-
: proximatsiy FL miles in diame-
: ter in Bell co0nty,
: Several previously reported
!: dead were rsbcued from the
: tree tops and the wreckase
|: late Tuesdays The flood 10
!: receding.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
wilson SOUNDS IDEALS
Of DEMOCRATIC PARTY

: Q . = q q = ., . = . . O Q
SUN SHUNS CHI.
+ Chicago, Dec. 2.-For three
= days the sun has been obscur-
I. ed by fog.
: Weather bureau reports say
:: the sun has appeared only ~
!: minutes since sunset asMeek
I: ago Monday.
q = : = = !: > ) =. ..;%sH : : /.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03

Juarez, Dec 2.--SeEen generals OF
the Mexican regular army are ready
to surrender and the backbone of the
Huerta dictatorship in the north is
broken.
" A peace commission, headed by
Odilon Hernandez arrived at Juarez
last night, bearing terms OF surrender.
The commission came from Chihua
hua, bearing a proclamation signed
by General Salvador Mercado, Huer.
ta's military governor and commander
Of the federal forces in the north.
The proclamation stated that the
(Continued on Page Five.)
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
SENATE WORKS
nights, HOUSE
TALKS PEACE

Washington, Dec. 2.-Witlout for
NAL action, the Democratic wing Of
the senate put into operation the
drastic program they adopted for tue
consideration of the administration
currency bill.
The Republicans after two hours
debate, prevented a vote on the mo-
tiOn of calling Immediately for con-
tinu0us sessions from 10 in the morn
ing until II at night, with two.
hour dinner recess, but the majority
pressed the bill forward at every op-
portunity and kept the senate in ses-
sion last night. ~
The house discussed for hours the
Hensley resolution to commit the
United States to Winston Churchilrs
plan for an international years holi-
day In naval construction, and last
night advocates of the project pre-
dicted the passage Of the resolution
in the house Friday.
Consideration OF the matter will be
resumed Thursday with both sides,
the advocates OF war Outnumbering
their opponents, prepared to continue
the debate. S.t .5s
The ideas Of suspending naval con-
5struction for year was first propos-
I ed to the British parliament by the
first lord of the admiralty and since
has been commended by the leaders
Of all parties In the American con.
sgresss and by the president. Under
wood said probably the resolution
would be passed, unanimously.
QUEEN ALEXANDRA BEGINS 10TH
@ YEAR.
London, Dec Queen Alexandra
entered upon her SEVENTEEN year to-
day. The occasion was marked by un.
usually large gatherings Of the royal
family. The customary salutes were
fired and there was lavish display
Of flags throughout the kingdom. Her
majesty's never-waning popularity
with the general public was further
attested by the receipt Of c0ngratula-
tory messages from all parts Of the
world.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
DAKOTA dan Determined
To ENTER DEATH HOUSE
q = = q q . q q = = = !: = = {
= THE WEATHER. !

= The WEATHER.
:: North Dakota ~ Generally
= fair Wednesday and Thurs
+ day.
I: South Dakota-Part cloudy
(" Wednesday; colder east por-
= ton; Thursday fair.
+ Minnesota - Cloudy Wednes- !
s day; Thursday probably fair; 4
+ light winds.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03
RUERIA IS
READY To
SURRENDER
Desp4el|slI Leader 10 North Sends
Pelfe: Commission 10
Rebels
Seven Generals Are Ready to
Desert The Broken
Dictator
Richest Families in Mexico
Are Fleeing Toward
Border

!: I" :: :: : :: : = !: = :: : : : : !:
{. Mexico City, Dec. 2.-Prefer- !:
): ring the displeasure Of the ::
!: Huerta government to the re. I:
{: bells wrath, the producing oil :
: companies cancelled their con. :
Z tracts to supply the national
{. railways with fuel oil.
:. This is regarded 40 the most ::
!: serious blow dealt the govern ::
!: ment because it Is likely to ::
!: bring an early suspension Of ::
:: all railway traffic. :
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03

Continued on Page 90
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-12-03

Continued on page two.)
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1913-07-22
AIRSHIP AS BATTLE FACTOR
Still Very Much Of an Unknown Guam
tity-Mueh Opposition to Aerial
Fleets Has Developed.

The successful operation of a ma
chine gun mounted on the upper
deck of a Zeppelin aNship induces
speculation as to the future of air.
craft in warfare. 1t does not APP
pear probable that the experiment
at Friedrichshafen, Germany, have
demonstrated the aerial battleships
are practical. In fact, the Imperfect
tons in the construction and opera
ton of airships are important limi-
tations to their effective use in of
fensive and defensive warfare. How
ever, the experiments revealed por-
tentous trend in the development o.
aviation. Whether the day when the
fearful aerial battles of fiction will
be possible is near or distant, Ger
many and other countries are trying
to hasten that time.
Possibility of the transfer of the
carnage of battle to the air has
aroused opposition to the equipment
of aerial fleets. To some extent this
opposition is organized. 1t found
expression at the last peace congress
at Geneva, Switzerland. The dele
gates from the various countries ia
vored a convention of the powers to
eliminate the use of air craft in ac-
tual offensive and defensive tactics.
While the congress, of course, is OPP
posed to war, yet the use of airships
for scouting and reconnoitering serv-
ice was not so abhorred.