Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1913-10-28

q
largely Influenced by superstition and
fotichiem, and chieny governed acc
cording 20 the crude customs inherit
cd from their ancestors, they are e.
sentiaiiy a simple, uniformed and In
fcrior people Upon tho termination
Of the spanish sovereignty they we're
given enlarged political and civil
rights BY Mexico but u remains an
open question whether they have oe-
come citizens 81 tho United states.
See treaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo. arr
tlcles VIII and TX. Stat. 922. 230.
United states w. Joseph. "a u. +. GA.
SIS: Elk W.. wilkins. fi2 u. 8. "a. BE
this as II may, they have been re-
garded and treated by the United
states as requriDg special considera-
ton and protection, like other Indian
communities. Thus, public moneys
have been expended IN presenting
them with farming implements and
utensils. and In their civilization and
/ instruction; agents and supefIntend-
| ents have been provided TO guard
I their interestsi central training
schools and day schools at the pue-
bios have been established and main
\ talned for the education Of their chill
dren; dams and irrigation works
have been constructed Co encourage
ana enable them 20 cultivate their
lands and sustain themselves; public
lands, az before Indicated. have been
reserved Tor their use and occupancy
whore their own lands were deemed
inadequate; n special attorney has
been employed since 1898. at an an
49, aH - l -. Al.
and maintain their rights: and when
latterly tho territory undertook to
tax their lands and other property,
congress forbade such taxation, say
ing, THAT the lands now held by the
vavlous villages or puebios OF Pueblo
Indians. or by individual members
thereof. within Pueblo reservations or
lands, In the territory Of New Mex
leo and all personal property furnish
ed said Indians by the United states,
or used IN cultlvating said lands, and
any cattle and sheep now possessed
or that may hereafter he acquired by
said Indians. shall be free and exempt
from taxation Of any sort Whatsoever,
Including taxes heretofore levied. ff|
any. until congress shall otherwisa
provide" 80 stat iOss, 1859, c. 1879.
An oxempting provision was also In
serted IN Sec Of the enabling act
The local estimate OF this people Is
reflected by r. New Mexico statute
adopted In 1854 and carried into sub
scquent compilations. whereby they
were excluded from the privilege Of
voting at the popular elections Of the
territory" other than the election Of
overseers OF bitches in which they
were interested and the election OF
tho officers OF their pueblos accord
ing 10 their ancient customs" Laws
1884. p. iA2, Sec. 3; Complied Laws
1879, Sec. 1878.
With one accord the reports OF the
supefintendents charged with guard |
ing their interests show that they are
dependent upon the fostering care ard
protection OF the government, Ike !
reservation Indians IN general; that, I
although industrlally superior. they |
are intellectually and morally inferior
10 many OF them; and that they are |
easy victims 20 the evil and dehasing |
influence OF intoxicants. We eXtr1' Z |
the following from published reports |
of the suporintcudents:
Albuquerque. 1904; "wh 10 "a Few |
OF those Pueblo Indians are ready |
Tor citizenship and have Indicated the |
same by their energy and Willingness |
60 accept service from the rai'r9a1 |
and elsewhere, and by ac-
cepting the benefits OF schools ana |
churches. large per cent Of ;hem |
arc unable. and not yet enough al
vanced along the lines OF civilization.
a. ha Ian
OF citizenship. II IN my ooinlon 'ha'
In the event taxation Is Impose ! u
viii be but a short time before The |
masses % the New MoXlcO Pue' In
dams will become panpors Thelr |
lands viii he sold FOR taxes, the
whites and Mexicans viii nave pos
session ~ their anclon. grants. and |
the government viii bc c1mpch'f To
support them or witness ;he'r cNier-
santa Fc. 1897: "rhe Pueblos have
little or no money ind thcy cannot |
understand why they should be sin
pled out from an other Indians and hc |
TO bear burdens territorial
taNos) which they are not Uoie 10 as
sumo. Thev VIII rot vote.
nor ara they sufficient well infoFmoa |
to do 80 intelligcnty.'
zunL 1904: Last November wnen
they had their Shaleco dance de-
Iermlned To put stop go me drunk
enncss. wrote In tho Iniia1 pf.ce
asking for a detachment fr m Fort |
Wingnte. soon received a reilly that |
my request had been granted.
said nothing 10 an, pnc. The a'ier-
noon the Shnlcco arrived the cetacn-
ment rode In, the Indians thinking
they we're passing through. and were |
making preparations o. have a good |
time. when they were notified that
a navajo was celebrating, they |
promptly arrested him and brought
him over To the guardhouse, ana |
during the evening two others were
arrested with whiskcy In their pos
session. and also a pueblo Indian /
The detachment remained until the
dance was over and the visiting IN
dians had left for the homes
Santa Fo. 1905. until tho old GUS
ton.a and Indian practices are broken
among this people we can not hope /
for great amount of progress. The
secret dance. from which all whites
are excluded is perhaps one OF the