The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1913-07-01

80 h'S "SNSiJ-iot ocNIs
group really deserve the name. Com
monty known bugs are the squash bug
stink'bug. chinch.bug, bed.bug. and q
host OF others. In second group oil
ulis order we find only wingless forms
that live always on warm blooded an
imals. These are the true lice. A third
group includes the periodical cicada
or lI-year locust, the aphids or plant
lice. many little leafhoppers and the
scale insects.
The Moths and Butterflies belong 10
the order Lepidotera. These have four
broad thin wings covered with minute
powder-like scales. They have suck.
ink tubes for mouth parts. and are un,
able to feed except on exposed liquid
food. They develop indirectly, and the
young or larvae are called caterpillars
Cut-wOrms, canker-worms. measuring
worms, horn-worms. and all the com,
mon woolly worms. are caterpIllars
The main difference between the
moths and the butterflies are that the
moths hold their wings fiat on the
back when at rest and are night.tliers
for the greater part. while the butter
files are day-fliers and hold their wings
In vertical position. Moths are
usually apparently more fuzzy and
stouter bodied.
The Flies constitute an order. On
account Of the fact that they have but
Two wings they are called Diptera
which means two-wings. Along with
thu flies we class the mosquitoes. gnats
and midges. These all have sucking
mouth parts. which are too often
adapted for piercing. They develop in.
directly, and the young are usually
called maggots, although mosquito
lCIrae are better known as wrigglers.
They are found in filth OF all sorts,
where they are useful as scavengers;
In the soil. and sometimes in fruits.
Some species are internal parasites OF
:he higher animals. Such are the bots
H. cattle, horses and sheep. The flies
may be easily told from all other in.
sects by the fact that they have only
tho one pair Of wings.
The Beetles, or coIeoptera, make up
ono OF the most interesting and i'm.
pnrtant OF all the insect orders. They
are hard.shelled insects. In which a
part OF the shell is formed by the close,
fitting and greatly-thickened and
hardened front wings. They have
chewing mouth parts. and develop indi.
rectly. The young are in many cases
called grubs. The white grubs and
wlreworms in the soil, the more com.
mon borers in wood. the most OF the
larvae found under bark on live and
decaying trees, and a great many OF
the soft slug-like creatures found feed.
inL on leaves or on other insects, are
larvae OF beetles. The black insects
found under the lights in the spring
and summer are usually beetles. So
also are the Colorado potato beetle,
the big brown June-bugs. the tumble
bugs. snapping-bugs. and numerous
other common forms. In one group OF
beetles the head is prolonged into a
snout. These are the snout.b beetles,
bill.bags and cHrcuiics and include
some OF the most serious OF enemies
to agriculture and horticulture.
Bees, Wasps. Ants and many tiny
forms, the gall flies. insect parasites,
ana others are classed as Hymenop.
terra. In spite of some injurious spe.
cies which are classified In this order,
these are the greatest OF mans in.
sect friends. The bees. as producers
Of honey. and what is more important,
al fertilizers OF the flowers. are most
valuable. Wasps and ants also, while
sometimes injurious. are beneficial. on
the whole. The less known Hymenop.
terra are equally important. They are
largely parasitic on other insects. and
reduce the possible injury from crop
pests more than We can even estimate.
The members OF this division OF the
order are usually very small and are
wasp-like in general shape. In all the
order We find four wings and mouth
parts for biting. Some species. nota-
bly, the bees. have also apparatus
adapted for sucking food These are
the honey Gatherers and pollen car
riers. All develop indirectly Most
people have seen the larvae OF bees
and the white objects that ants carry
around SO wildly when their nests are
disturbed. and SO have an idea Of the
form OF the larvae in this order. They
are as rule footTess and helpless.
The above lists and descriptions
merely give a glimpse OF the subject.
Those interested may supplement 1t
with the bulletins from the experiment
stations, and with many published
works on insects. and will find that no
study may be made more fascinating
Or profitable.