davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-05-06
E0rhe IN
IIIIILEH
ONES 6
BOYS TEST OF SOILS
Interesting Experiments of Four
Ohio Youths.
Moet Impressive Lesson Learned Was
from What They Did Rather Than
from What They Read-Re-
suits of Trials.

by PROF. A. B. GRAHAM, Ohio Col
lege OF Agriculture)
-Four boys who were members of
the same country school had read
about how the soil had been formed
by glaciers: they had seen the soil on
the hillside farm gradually removed
by tiny streams and deposited on the
nearby level farm.
They had noticed the effects of
freezing and thawing on high banks
and the sides of the bitches But
there were some facts about soils that
which they knew only by what they
read. Each one resolved to contrib.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-05-06
The Magnetic Navy.

the paraffine out over each needle.
The boats are now ready to place in a
large vessel of water where they will
act very queerly toward each other,
says the Popular Electricity. By hold
ing a magnet near the boats they may
be made to move about in mysteri-
GUS way.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-05-06
Before and After.

There are now hundreds of children
IN Knoxville with clothes and shoes
to wear and something to eat who
went naked and hungry when saloons
were here--W. P. Chandler, Chief or
Police of Knoxville, Tenn.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-05-06
Great BARRIER.

'T can desire nothing better for this
great country than that barrier.
high as Heaven, should be raised be-
tween the unpolluted lips OF the chill
dren and the intoxicating cup."-John
r. Cough.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
FL PAL AROUND
|)9eHOUSE

Vaseline will removeink stains from
the hands: rub well with vaseline.
wipe with soft paper and wash with
soap and water. K. * n. a.3
Boil cabbage for . few seconds In
water in which q pinch of soda has,
been dissolved. change to fresh water.
and the cabbage viii be soft and ten
der. IL s
Every housekeeper should have an
emergency shelf In her pantry or eel.
lar. where at least few canned
goods and fruits are held in reserve.
for the unexpected guest. ll. 45f{ zs
In broiling meats the gridiron should
always be thoroughly heated In order
that the meat may retain Its juices.
II milk or grease boil over on the.
kitchen range salt spread over It will
prevent the disagreeable odor that
would otherwise rise from 1t.
BY placing screen In front Of .,
bedroom window at night the room
may be well aired while the bed and
fsleepers are shielded from a direct
5draught.
Kerosene is excellent to clean en-
ameled bath-tubs. marble wash. bowls.
I or marble tables. Rinse well with
strong soap-suds to destroy the odor1
OF the kerosene. I'd. 5
Z Never put hot food OF any kind in
refrigerator, or meats or poultry
without a plate under them. Neither
leave meats wrapped in the papers In
which they arrive from market. III
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
PREVENT DISEASE OF POTATO
Proper Storage viii Control Fusarlum
or ry-Rot-Cellars Should
BE Dry and Cool.
nv !. = 5y.E]E "a, R

= :
Too much emphasis cannot be
placed upon the proper storage OF po'
4tatoes. Not alone should this empha-
sis be placed because proper storage
controls the Fusarium or dry-rot and
other diseases, but because the vital
ity Of the seed Is such as important
factor in potato production that It
should never be overlooked. There Is,
in the opinion Of the writer. no other
single factor SO important to the po-
tato industry Proper storage pre-.
vents the progress OF the disease a.
dry-rot. Spraying will not control
the disease. 5:gs5
Storage litter and sick seed should
not be allowed to reach the manure
pile, as this will be sure method OF
distributing the disease and injecting
the fields.
A seed plot on non-infected soil
planted with carefully selected healthy
seed will offer a means of getting Q
sound seed supply. M
Whenever potatoes are placed In .
warm, damp storage they go to
pieces; the fungus often showing on
the surface as patches OF white,
moldy growth. In damp storage, bac'
teria early become associated with
the Fusarium disease, causing wet,
soft rots Storage cellars should be
kept cool, dry, and we'll drained.
Burying (pitting) in the field is more
satisfactory than most cellar storage
for seed purposes.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09

ones time walking about or stand
ing. The lines OF the female figure
have been called upon to adjust
themselves to so many various shapes
and forms in order to At the fashions
of the past. decade fashions not be-
ing made to fit the form) that the
gentler sex should have no difficulty
in adjusting themselves so as to be
able to fit themselves into what. to
inexperienced man looks q good deal
like a dress which has been pieced
together as the wearer increased in
size. This latest Of all creations is
made up in three sections, each sep
arated by pleated founce projecting
stiffly from four to eight inches. the
narrowest being at the hem. Each Of
the three sections resembles an in
verified cone and the narrowness Of
the hem makes them difficult to walk
in and almost impossible to sit In. 81
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
To Adjust the Veil.

II one goes about adjusting the veil
on the tiny hat in the ordinary way.
the hair will be plastered against the
face in the most depressing fashion
Wells must be very carefully adjusted
to small brimmed hats or hats with
no brims at all. '5
The lower edge Of the veil must be
pinned around the throat and fasten-
ed with a hairpin at the nape Of the
neck. All the fullness Of the veil
should be disposed OF here rather than
on the hat. as in the old way. Just
enough fullness should be left to
reach the hat, where the veil should
be pinned in place, and as it is drawn
up the hair will be- pressed upward
with a surprisingly good effect.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
DON'T LET WRINKLES COME
Woman Should Use Preventive Meas
ures 70 Keep Her Face Smooth
and Clear. "A

i once heard a woman say: "The
best way to treat wrinkles Is to avoid
getting them" This may sound abb
surd, but It is true. Wrinkles are
caused by facial habits. .az
Laughing, crying, frowning or smil,
ing will not make you wrinkles, unless
you do one or the other habitually,
then the face becomes set" To keep
the muscles of the face exercised will
not give you wrinkles. Scowling and
wrjnkliAg the forehead when reading
or studying, or when conversing. Will
If continued persistently, doon show
deep wrinkles in the forehead and
about the eyes, You can check your
self OF these habits and thus avoid
acquiring wrinkles. ".
If the eyes are weak or overstrain.
ed, 1t is easy to fall into the habit OF
drawing the forehead down in wrin.
kles about the eyes, thus giving your.
self cross look that you probably do
not deserve. Pressing gently the
nerves around the eyes and stopping
now and then to close the eyes, Is very
restful to them. If your eyes are
troublesome, however, better consult
an oculist.-Mme. Jeanne La Place. In
the Woman's World.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
REQUIRES CARE in CANNING
The Strawberry. on Account OF ~
Evanescent Flavor and Color 10
Hard to Handle. 5s

On account of its evanescent favor,
and color. there 10 no fruit that re-
quires more care In it, canning or pre-
serving than the strawberry. In So
lecting the berries, be sure that they
are ripe. dry and freshly gathered. d
For this reason 1t is better to watt
for the homegrown berries. Those
that have laid In the market overnight
are scarcely worth the trouble Of hand
ling. Be sure the cans to be used are
sterilized, tops and all. and the rub
bers new. II you are preserving ao-i
cording to the American custom, allow
sugar, pound for pound, but never a.
low the berries that are to be canned
to stand in the sugar, as 1t extractsl
the juice and toughens the fruit.
Pack the fresh berries into the cans,
shaking down we'll. but taking care not
to crush: Have ready a hot sirupl
made from sugar and the juicel
squeezed from smaller berries, and
slowly pour in the hot strip over the
fresh berries in the jars. leaving as.
much space at the top.
Have common wash boiler q third
full of water that is about the same
temperature as that OF the jars hold
/ Ing the hot strip. Set the cans on q
wooden rack, place straw or kitchen
towels between the cans to prevent
their hitting each other.
Put the can covers on the jars. but
leave OF the rubbers. Bring to 9 boil.
and as soon as the strip in the Jars
rises. showing that the contents are
scalding hot. lift the Jars out on dry
board. ~ M as 5;8
Fill each jar brimming full with the
scalding strip that is left In the sauce
pan. put on the rubbers and screw on
the covers as tightly as possible
When cold. tighten again. wrap each
one in paper and set In a cool. dry.
dark closet or cellar where the tenn
perature does not rise above seventy
degrees. Y 4
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
PROTECTION FOR ALL FRUITS
Improved Method Of Rlpeninu Is to In.
close In Paper sack-French
Make Success.

Pears, apples and grapes, Enclosed
in paper sacks when OF one-thfrd size,
will protect the fruit thus treated from
being worm-eaten. To prevent the moth
from laying It's eggs into calix Of the
flowers when In bloom, the trees and
vines should be sprayed with copper
sulphate solution before buds swell,
and with the bordeaux mixture and
paris green after the blossoms have
formed, but before they open. Hender-
son, an authority. says: Never spray
with insecticides and fungtcides when
trees are in full flower; it kills the
bees and seriously Injuries pollination."
Eve have sacked fruits for some years
and find that the fruits thus sacked re-
main sound and have q superior color
and favor and are sweeter, says .
writer in the Baltimore American. "Ap-
pies and pears color beautifully;
grapes not only ripen fully, but have .
fine sugary flavor and are covered with
q rich bloom. The French orchardtsts
have had great success In growing
fruit for market and for exhibition pur-
poses" 4.
M. Lubimenko, an authority, who has
made q study of this method. says:
THAT II the fruit has light and air at
the beginning Of Its formation, It can
afterwards thrive in darkness. II wheat
In flower in full bloom is put in sacks.
the ears thus inclosed give the normal
number OF grains only, but In many
fruits superior quality is obtained by
obscuring, more or less, according to
the species, the light that they receive
after they are once formed"
Interesting experiments can be made
by inclosing the fruits with different
thickness Of paper. The attenuation OF
light would have the effect, besides OF
diminishing the acidity of fruits. We
have used thin paper sacks: grocers'
tea and sugar bags Of one and two
pound capacity, have proven satisfac-
tory; the paper is not too thick to OBJ
scure the light and heat Of the sun,
but is thick enough to resist the sum-
mer showers. III
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
RATINE is MOST PRACTICAL
Good Substitute for Other LightweI9ht
Materials for the Summer
knockAbouts.

Linen wrinkles, crash shrinks; wolfe
is unsuited to any street suits save
those for afternoon wear. What Is
the woman who must wear street
suit for part of every day of the
summer going to do. the woman who
goes back and forth to business, per
haps, or who, for some other reason,
must spend much time in street cars
or trains?
Ratine seems to- be good substitute
for other lightweight materials for the
summer knockabouts. It's price by the
yard is expensive, but 1t is wide. A
good quality selling for $3.50 measures
sc inches, and Of this width not more
than three and half or four yards
will be needed for coat and skirt.
Ratine, of couse, has not the crisp
ness of linen and crash, but it is mod
erately cool, and, If made carefully.
looks light and summary. 1t shows
creases and wrinkles hardly so much
Is serge does. The blue, green and
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
TO MAKE COTTAGE CHEESE
Refreshing Dish for Supper on Warm
Evenings ls Very Easily
Prepared.


Cottage cheese is very refreshing
for supper on warm evenings. To
make, pour boiling water into a pan
OF thick sour milk, not stale, stirring
in all the while. AS soon as the whey,
begins to separate. pour in cold water
and turn the whole into cheeseclothi
strainer and hang In a cool place over.
a pan to drain. When ready TO- use.,
rub smooth. season with salt. mix with
sweet. thick cream. and beat lightly.
Sprinkle with pepper. .3s
Tempting schmierkase is made by
allowing thick clabber to drip without
heating 1t the least. There is more
loss than when heated. but It is also
more digestible, Season with sweet
cream. butter. salt and white pepper.
Garnish with sprigs Of parsley. Many
relish it with cooked gooseberries or
rhubarb. IL s;3, IS 5 IN
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09

pose its life-cycle. SO inconspicuous
is the insect itself, and its manner OF
working, that a vineyard may be suf-
fering greatly from its attacks and
yet those who have the care OF the
vines remain entirely ignorant OF the
cause OF the trouble. The eggs are
small, or a dull color, and the female
scatters them about In the vicinity OF
the vines. The borers feed beneath
the ground on the roots Of old vines,
usually some distance out from tho
base Of the roots. No chips or cast
ings are thrown to the surface to
direct attention to the injury which 10
being done. The roots of one-year
and two-year old vines are rarely at
tackled so that in the work Of planting
out vineyards the borer is not likely
to be seen. The transformation from
larva to adult takes place within an
earth-covered cocoon that Is hidden IN
the ground, often six inches or more
from the root where the borers feed.
The adult moth flies by day, but in
size, color and manner Of flight it so
closely resembles some Of the com.
mon waaps that close scrutiny is
necessary in order to make sure that
the insect under observation Is O.
moth and not q wasp. AS result OF
these peculiarities the insect may be
abundant in locality and yet remain
unnoticed by grape growers.
Vines when attacked by the borers
do not often die as a direct result Of
the injury sustained. but may become
so enfeebled that the annual growth
of bearing wood Is meager and the
yield Of fruit very small.
The peculiar habits OF this borer
make control difficult It is by the
thorough cultivation Of vineyards that
the greatest good is likely to be ac-
complished In the way of reducing the
ravages Of the insect. From the
middle OF June to the last OF July the
insects are Transforming from the
borer to the adult stage within
cocoons, which are located just be-
meath the surface OF the ground near
the grapevines. II during this period
the ground about the vines is thor
oughly cultivated. most Of these
cocoons will be destroyed. The
cocoons are usually found a foot or
more away from the vines, a fact that
enables the cultivator to reach most
Of them without working up entirely
to the vine, which is sometimes dim
cult to do. As a matter. Of course
cultivation will give the vines in
creased. vigor enabling them the more
readily to Withstand and overcome
the attacks OF the root borers and
other insects.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
ENEMY OF THE: GRAPE
Root Bcrer Is Widely Distributed
About Country.
Insects Belong to Family Of Clear.
{ Winged Moths, Greatly Resem-
bling Bees or Wasps-capabls
4 5a Of Doing Much Harm.
tBy F. E. BROOKS,

BIS; (By T. e. BROOKS)
The grapevine root-borer has been
recognized as an enemy OF the grape
in the United States for more than
nifty years. 1t Is quite widely dis
tri0dted, having been observed as far
north and west as Minnesots and
Missouri, and south and east through
Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia and
North Carolina.
Several writer's upon economic ento-
mology have given brief accounts Of
this insect, but 1t has not often at
Ftracted special attention, and has
scarcely been accorded notice In sew
eral Of the papers published relating
to the insect enemies OF the grape in
the eastern states. 1t is capable, how
ever, OF doing serious x damage to
grapevines and the slight attention
which 1t has received in the past 10
no doubt due In - measure to obscure
appearance and habits Of the Insect
throughout the four stages that com.
-
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Small Yields.

The United States, which for more
than a half century has plumed itself
as the granary OF the world. has soil
and climate that. cannot be surpassed
for fertility or salubritly, by any other
country on the globe. Notwithstanding
the natural advantages our farms pro-
duce an annual yield Of about IA bush
els OF wheat an acre, while Germany
produces 2S and the United Kingdom
80. OF oats, the yield is ~ bushels an
acre, while the United Kingdom av-
erages As bushels to the acre, Germany
40 and the Netherlands 81. France,
with a population to the square mile
vastly in excess OF that of the United
States, produces almost enough food
products to supply her own people.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Poppies.

Poppies are short lived after being
cut. and therefore are unsatisfactory
for decoration. However. If every
bloom ts cut In the evening and
thrown away, those flowers that open
next morning will last two or three
days II they are plunged In water up
to their necks for an hour OF, two.
After thorough soaking they can be
used in vases. and their beauty will
charm for two or three days. :,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Protection for Trees.

Some orchardists have been sue
cessful in protecting their trees by
smearing the trunks near the ground
with mixtures which are distasteful to
rabbits. For this purpose whitewash.
mixture Of glue and copperas, de-
coctoon II quassia chips and blood or
grease have been used. Mechanical
protection by means Of some wrap
ping is more permanent and effective
than any form of wash .-'
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
RAKE DOES : NOT HURT GRASS.
TWO spools, Forced on Each End
Tooth, smoothed So That They
i Slide Easily Over Ground.

This adaptation Of an ordinary iron
rake for use on lawn was the out.
come OF not having lawn rake at
hand, writes H. e. Gray Of Montclair.
N. J, in the Popular Mechanics. Two
spools, each n inch in diameter. were
procured and one forced on eaah end
tooth of the rake. The spools were
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
SPONGE Drops.

II Beat one whole egg and yolk I'M
til light, gradually beat in threequar-
tiers cup sugar. grating Of lemon rind
and one-quarter cup cold water then
beat in three-quarters cup -four sifted
again with one-quarter teaspoon soda
and q scant level teaspoon OF cream Of
tartar. Drop on a buttered paper and
bake In quick oven. Sift your -four
once before measuring and again with
soda and cream Of tartar.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
HoId Anhia In Check.

The fruit trees will need spraying
with whale-oil soap or kerosene
emulsion to hold the aphis in check.
They get on the under side Of the
leaves and suck the juice. The injury
done the leaf causes 1t to curl up SO
that II spraying Is not done in time
the leaves will have curled up SO
tightly that it will be necessary to cut
of the growth and burn 1t in order
to destroy the plant lice.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09

patent arrangement, made of nickel.
which looks like a lock. the cushion
calmly blows itself UP. When one de-
sires to fatten It the process is also
self-acting and instantaneous. These
cushions are to be had in two sizes.
and both fold down to the compact
ness Of a legal envelope.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Powder for Per.plratlon

Hands that are always damp from
Precipitation may be relieved If damp
ened each day with preparation
made Of 80 grams Of cologne and Is
grams OF tincture of belladonna. This
A powder for the body may be made
by mixing French chalk, baking soda,
powdered alum and orris root in equal
proportions. Dust the body with this
after bath. The soda counteracts
the acidity in perspiration.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Protect Our Birds.

Insects cause US an estimated loss
Of $70O, 100000 a year in agricultural
products now. A long study of the
food of birds shows that this loss
would be much greater were 1t not for
our feathered friends, and that even
the hawk and owl spend most Of their
time in pursuit of insects, mice and
other injurious animals. Ther3tomach
Of one bird examined contained 1906
small insects Of kind very destrucr-
I've to fruit trees.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Fashionable HatpIns.

The most fashionable hatpin has an
extremely small head of metal, in ball
or fancy shape, or in Jet. pearl. amber
or colored glass. to carry, out the
color scheme Of the hat or costume,
and many OF the newest ones are
made in the new within the law
lengths, ranging from 81 inches to
81 inches.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09

other dark shades suitable for street
wear do not soil easily and. when they
are soiled. can be Numbered without
starch. .sE
A ratfne suit, with shirtwaists OF
cotton crepe, wolfe or tub silks. would
make an ideal working outfit for the
summer woman, an outfit at once
durable, suitable, comfortable and in
style. 800
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
HOW TO USE RAFFlA
PLEASANT FORM OF PICKUP
WORK FOR SUMMER. ~ ..l
Useful and Attractive Little Additions
to the Summer House Arc Easily
and insxpensively Made BY
Clever Hands.

The woman who can handle raffia
not only has a pleasant form OF pick.
up work for summer at her command
but she can make many useful and at
tractive additions to the summer
house.
The rafiia, which only costs 10 cents
bunch, can be bought in three or
four colors-natural color, darker
shade Of brown. perhaps. a soft green
and dark red give promise of inter
esting combinations. II a basket of
raf1ia is planned for room furnished
in definite color rafla in matching
or tremendously contrasting shade
can be bought. IA
One OF the useful things which the
raffia worker can make for the sum
mer house is small flower holders.
These are really no more than little
baskets fitted with glass or china
dishes to hold water. but they are very
effective
A pair Of them on dressing table or
desk gives an artistic touch to a
whole room, and they can be- effec.
lively placed in any bare spot. They
are especially good for holding such
short stemmed flowers as pansies,
nasturtiums, 'forget-me-nots, annual
larkspur. small roses. alyssum, can.
dytuft and English daisies.
These little baskets can be made to
fit about old and handleless cups OF
deep saucers. In either case the bias.
ket should be narrowed above the top
of the dish to q wide neck. and then
should flare at the top. This shapes
the basket like a vase and gives good
support for the flower stems.
For these baskets the raffia can be
wound about either heavy cord or
damp willow. Lazy squaw stitch is
the easiest and most quickly accom-.
plished of all stitches.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-07-09
Steamed Chocolate Pudding.

One-half cup sugar, one teaspoon
butter. one egg, one-half cup milk.
one cup flour, one square chocolate
melted. one-half teaspoon cream tar.
tar, one.quarter teaspoon soda Put
in pudding boiler or tin pail. Steam
one hour. is.
Sauce.-Boil three.quarters of a
pint OF milk, one egg. one level tea.
spoon -four, three-eights cup sugar.
Mix and stir In the boiled milk and
boil until as thick as thick cream;
Flavor with vanilla