davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

Fig. Chain Bob sied..

The draft-chain being entirely indie
pendent Of the tongue. the latter may
be made light. II used much on the
road. 1t should be heavier. and set
sti6.
The hobs are coupled together with
torked cable chain In place OF a
reach, with a grab-hook on each end,
and ring In the center. This ring Is
put into q clevis at the rear end of
the saddle-plank Of the front bob. the
other ends of the chain to rings on
the nose Of the rear bob. The rings
are large enough for the chain 70
double through. SO as to let them out
or draw them together, and by which
logs Of any length from to % feet
may be placed equally on both. The
rings, properly put on. cannot catch a
tree or brush; and the chains playing
up and down, permit the rear bob to
go over the toughest ground, logs or
brush
The shoes Of the runners are made
Of the hardest dry wood, sawed slight
ly across the grain. so as to wear with
it, They will last a whole winter. The
lower figure in Fig. shows how they
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
FUNCTIONS OF TILE DRAINS
Farmer Cannot Afford to Wait on Ma
ture and Must Provide Artificial
Means Of Drainage.

Drainage is the limiting factor on
many farms where the hand OF man
has not assisted nature in the re-
moval of free soil water. says Farm
Press. Nature has furnished US with
a surface drainage system in our
rivers, creeks and riyuiets. In some
places she has provided subter-
ranean drainage in sand and gravel
subsoil.
If allowed to take it's time, the
water would follow small passage
ways to some natural outlet. but the
agriculturfst cannot wait. Where the
soil is underlaid with a heavy clay,
hardpan, sand or limestone rock. it is
necessary for man to assist nature.
He resorts to digging trench from
two and one-haif to three feet in
depth, above the impervious stratum.
and place therein q tile drain. This
tile rapidly carries away the free wa
ter that rises to or above the stratum
of hard clay or rock.
The function OF the drain is not so
much to remove water as it passes
downward as II is to carry it away as
Is rises TO the tile level. A good
crop is dependent upon large root
system. Since the root system of the
plant will not develop in free soil
water, the shallow laying of the drain
tile means small crop. Deep laying
Of the tile provides a large feeding
area for the roots of big crop. Deep
drainage and frequent shallow cultiya-
ton smile at droughts.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
LIVE STOCK MEANS SUCCESS
No Better Place for Farmer to Market
Corn and Roughage Than to
Give to Animals.

On nearly every farm live stock
raising is merely side line where it
should be the main thing. There is
no place where the farmer can market
his corn and roughage so profitabIy as
feeding 1t to good live stock The mar
ket is right at home in the feed lot,
and no long hauls to town are neces-
sary. II farmer can feed his 60-cent
corn to good hogs which will pay him
so cents for it, does he not make an
advance on the price of his corn and
profit in the fertility returned to the
soil, as well as a saving of expense in
hauling? Breeding pure-bred live
stock Is business which should be
entered gradually and retired froam
reluctantly. Improving the common
stock little eachsyear viii lead up to
the pure-bred business. There can
exist no permanent system of agri-
culture without live stock and, on high
priced land. pure-bred stock Is the
only kind to have
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
BOB SLED FOR HEAVY WORK
Ore Shown In illustration Has Ad-
vantage Of Turning Short Cos.
ners With Big Load.

IN reply TO query for plan and
description of bob sled. suitable for
hauling wood, fodder and other heavy
work, the Country Gentleman makes
the following reply:
The following account OF bob sled
was sent as years ago by d. B. Ray
mond: he used it for years for logging.
and it has the advantage that It will
turn short corners and enable team
to draw one-fourth more than any
other sled.
The tongue Is not set stir. but is
fastened to the nose-piece with two
clevices--one on the tongue, and one
on the cross-piece, making sort of
universal joint. permitting it to turn
at right angles. and allowing the team
to turn half around without moving
the load, and to clear trees and logs.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

One of the hveliest parties 1 ever
saw was conducted in this fashion:
Each Of the boys was asked to come
wearing something to represent a IA
nous man and each of the girls to
dress as famous woman Programs
and pencils were provided to write
down who was who" and prizes were
awarded. There was Paul Revere"
with his lantern, Washington" and
his cherry tree. Betsy Ross" and her
flag, Francis Willard" wearing lit
tie white ribbon. etc. Try it.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

A Missouri Flood Gate.

posts. We put a three-quarter inch
bolt through where they cross. For
Stats use old rails. poles or by of
good material spiked to the logs. Then
the job is done.
The best of it is 1t stays put There
is no cost to speak of at the start and
no trouble afterwards wading around
in the mud cleaning 1t and getting it
stock-proof again. The middle being
lowest, the main current naturally
stays there and SO all logs, stumps
and trash of any kind go right on
down the stream.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
SAVING the Harness.

Aside from the bad appearance
which uncared for harness presents,
1t has habit of suddenly giving out
at important moments, and this
makes trouble and much loss. If not
kept in good condition harness be.
comes hard and very uncomfortable to
the horses, and when in that condi-
ton cracks and warps. rendering it
In q short time unit for use. All
this trouble can be easily avoided If
you will give your harness a little at
tention-
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

The living room OF a boarding house
should always be at the disposal of
the people In the house, and It should
be attractive, so girls should feel no
Qualms in asking their friends to call.
You would be open to adverse criti-
cism II You entertained in q room
alone; IL you have sitting room ar
range for a. chaperon. then your self
respect will be maintained and your
men friends will think all the more Of
you
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
FLo0DGATE is VERY SIMPLE
Missouri Man Has One Arranged on
Plan Of Railway Stock Guard
II Costs Little.

In describing simple and success
full foodgate H. S. Terrell of Saline
county. Missouri. writes the Breeders
Gazette as follows:
My f1oodgate is made on the plan OF
a railway stock guard. We start by
using two small logs or poles extend
Ing down the creek as shown, the low
er ends sunk in the creek bed and the
upper ends resting against trees or
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

Here are two original blouse
sketches. The styles selected are es-
sentially Of the day after tomorrow.
while each represents an average REM
nant length s,f some double-width ma
terial, such as charmeuse or heavy
crepe de Chine.
In my text, the illustrated example
stands complete In dark-toned char
rneuse with an ornamentation supplied
by mock loops and self-covered but
tons of the satin. A small detail
would fam call attention to is the sug-
gestion of plat on the inside of the
arm just ADORE the bend of the elbow.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Blo,1ses

This is 9. very prevalent touch of
sartorial aIubtlety Just now, and con-
stitutes itself much value in pro-
viding movement for the arm in
sleeves that, below the elbow. are just
as tight as it is possible for the
wearer to bear them. Then there is
the pretty Bubble frill of fine net.
or the very filmiest handkerchief lawn.
jabot of the same trickling down
t . front entrance. in gently gradu-
ating line For We are once again per-
mitted whenever it is in any way pos
sible, to tasten our blouses in front.
London Madame
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
A PerpIexIna Query.

1t Is right for girl twenty-slx years
Of age. keeping house alone In one
room, to receive visits from gentle
men? II not. is It right II she has a
private sitting room? Is the sitting
room OF boarding house always at
the disposal Of the boarders? If
there is not a sitting room, what IL q
girl to do with gentlemen visitors -
Jane 8.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
q ! {
~R
Fig. 2-sIed Shoe and Bolster.

are put on. The bolster OF the rear bob
is by inches. The bolt heads which
fasten it should be "let in" 30 as to be
out of the way. The bolster of the for
ward bob is shown in the upper figure
of Fig. 2, and has rings to bind the
load. The saddle-plank. on the front
bob, should be 25z inches thick and a
foot wide, to support the kingbolt and
whole load
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
MADAME MERRIC
New HANDBAGS.

Handbags are seen in variety Of
form. The newest is the long double
sac bag, passed through ring to wear
over the fingers or sufficiently large
to wear as a bracelet. These bags
are embroidered in steel or dull gold
beads on colored velvet or moire, tG,
match the gown worn.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Preserving Tlmbers.

To preserve timbers from dry rot
and decay paint the timbers with
crude carbolic acid. giving them sew
eral coats--for timbers that are placed,
In damp Places soak In all the wood
win take This win prolong the life
of the wood for many years.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

One Is never compelled to eat more
than Is desired. 1t might be well to
caution your host by saying, THAT is
quite sufficient, thank you Your card
should be engraved simply. Miss
Brown" To your other questions L
must say fear the reply is too late
to be OF benefit. I only have just 50
much space and only limited number
of letters can be answered each week
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Two Questions

VIII you please tell me where 1 can
get good book on etiquette? Would
1t be correct to have the day of the
week best suited for me to receive
callers put ON my calling cards Mrs.
A. L.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

For your first question I must ask
you to send me self-addressed
stamped envelope
1t will be perfectly correct for you
to have an "at home" day engraved
upon your visiting card. But be sure
you adhere strictly to the day given
and remain at home all prepared for
visitors.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

II it does. make call upon the day.
mentioned, or. II that Is impossible,
send your card to arrive upon that
date. II the announcement Is from a
very dear friend, personal note OF
love and good wishes would not be-,
amiss
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

presume you wish to serve re-
freshments after the game. A fruit
salad. served In grape fruit shells.
with cheese, crackers, q bit of bar de
due In center Of each; with 1t serve
coffee. I would pass an ice or frappe
during the middle of the afternoon,
when one is apt to be thirsty. You
could serve individual russo and hot
chocolate or oyster cocktails and sar-
dine sandwiches, with coffee.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

The place cards bear the names Of
the guests and are put at the places
they are to occupy. They are usually
laid on the napkins and are retained
by the guests to be taken home IL
they wish.
Where there are many to be seated
or few these cards certainly make It
easier for everyone.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Entertainment for Yovno peonI.

Would like to entertain a crowd of
about twenty girls and boys cages
from eighteen to twenty at an eve
ming party. but am perplexed as to the
entertainment. All OF our parties
seem so very much alike. Can you
help me?-Jim.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Refreshments for Bridae Tea.

i am going to have friend to visit
me for week and wish to give a
bridge tea in her honor. What re-
freshments can serve besides sand
witches, tea and candy? Would an ice
be proper? ! want to do the correct
thing and win depend so much op
your answer-M. A.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

Acknowledging Wedding Cards.
Will you kindly tell me how to &C
knowledge e. wedding announcement?
Grace.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Hens Relish cinder..

Hens WIN eat great quantity of
coal cinders and they are very good
for them. Try putting a load in the
chicken ysIrd and watch the result
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
~G,'s0 Questions

When one is dining out and the host
serves more than you really care for.
is it a breach OF etiquette to leave the
plate quite well fi1led7 I am nineteen
years old and the eldest girl In the
family. How should my visiting
cards be engraved?-G.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
Use OF Place Cards.

I have never used placs cards. and
think them a great convenience. Do
you write the names of the guests and
put them at the place you wish them.
to sit and are they supposed to carry
them home with them as souvenirs p
Ignorant"
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

Unless the wedding announcement
Includes the "at home" address OF the
happy pair, no notice need be taken
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29
The Matter of Cards.

am at present visiting here in the
city, but live in small town. Quite a
few people have called on me. In re-
turning their calls do leave my card,
providing find them at home?-A. l.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-01-29

When returning first call it is
quite the proper thing to leave your
card as 8. matter Of record, as well as
to show you know the proper thing to
do. In the case Of very intimate
friends whom one calls upon frequent
ly, it is not necessary to leave card
II the person is at home
MADAME MERRIN
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27
A COSTLY SPORT.

Racing between the river boats was
nopular and unrestrained until the wreck
of The Henry clay. through the fagrant
corelessness Of her own officers and the
keen desire of her captain to win race
at any cost. taught the public just now
costly this pastlme was both in life ana
nroperty. Then law was enforced Dy
massage of the steamboat Inspection Dill
that demanded the regulation OF steam
nressure. For when race was on the
,tval CAPTAINS or engineers frequently
,yould fasten down their safety waves
,,rtu the uressure i'm the boilers became
Ga o-eat that the boats were Literally
floating volcanoes. likely to BLOW up at
any minute.
rb. wreck Of the Henry clay was the
direct result of this racing. She was en-
csoed ~ IA rial OF speed with her rival
tho Armenia, on July 2S, 1852 and was
tearing down the river at top speed "iieh
the disaster happened. Some OF the gen
,ieren who were aboard had previously
becone alarmed and had urged the cap
tain IA desist. but H. the excitement OF
the contest he refused TO listen to them
aud continued on his foolhafdy career
until. when the boat was not iar iroih
New York. the deck was set aire from
the overheated smokestacks. The boat
was run ashore near Riverdale' but the
passengers were forced into the water Dy
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27
MARY PoWEll'S RECORD.

The Mary Powell was built for speed.
and when designed was planned to be the
fastest boat in the world. She has done
her twenty to twenty-five miles an hour
ever since. making her record i'm 1881.
when she left New York one day at 1882
u. m and reached Rondout at 7:i5 p. m.
Throughout her long career the Mary
Powell has been under the command OF
only two men-Captain AbsalCm Ander-
son. her original owner, and his son. Cap
tain A. L. Anderson. who still can be seen
on her decks. The present Captain An
derson, who has run the Powell for more
than thirty years. sold the boat some time
ago to the Hudson River Day Line.
The Powell has always been lucky. Cap
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27

trips i'm company with James w Bald
win. i'm 1879 The chief fame that was
achieved by this vessel. however. was by
her curious loss in 1852, when she crashed
on the rocks Of Danskammer. ten miles
below Poughkeepsie, while running in a
fog. Pilot Briggs believed that he had
passed the danger until the vessel
struck Her impetus was so great that
her bow was forced high up on the shore
among some trees that were growing
near the waters edge and the passen-
gers had TO use ladders TO climb TO terra
hrma. after which they built fires and
camped out until a Poughkeepsie steam
er brought them assistance.
The Mary Powell. built in 1861. has a
history that is equallcd by that OF no other
boat i'm America. although the ancient side
wheeler Norwich is still towing barges
on the upper Hudson after seventy-seven
years of service. The Mary Powell
brought the remains of Major General
Custer from Poughkeepsie to West Point
and has carried numbers Of famous pas
sengers. among them being the wives
OF General Grant and of jefferson Davis
J. Pierpont Morgan also rode on the
Powell When the Grand Duke Alexis
visited America the Mary Powell was
chartered by the city to steam down the
bay to meet him. which she did, resplen-
dent with cut glass. mahogany furniture
and rich carpets. In the fifty-two years
that she has travelled the Hudson River
she has never lost a life. although her
passengers are numbered by the million.
She has earned many times over the
title Of Queen of the Hudson that a
her
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27

the tide against them. The SWallo"
ensine became disabled near Hudson and
she slowed down for few moments and
then dashed ahead again but the Roches-
ter reached the Oversaugh Bar, five miles
below Albany first, I'm eight hours ana
nfty-seven minutes. and the Swallow IN
nine hours and two minutes, just hVe
minutes behind her rival Though the
race was the Rochestcrs, II was generally
admitted that the Swallow was tile better
boat"
The Swallow raced the Rochester
fcriously not once but many times.
Finally this wild speed was the cause OF
her undoing. for she was wrecked while
racing with the Richmond and the EX-
press I'm 1915.
Buckman and many others tell Of very
exciting race that was run between me
oregon and the Vanderbilt I'm 1917. The
Vanderbilt was owned by the famous old
commodore" Vanderbilt. while the ore
con belonged to George Law. \ wager OF
81 900 had been laid upon the result OF
race to Sing Sing and return by the rlval
vessels, and after the had run up the
river and were back again at Spuyteh
Duyvil the Oregon was i'm the lead. There
remained only the short run to the Bat
terry. and victory seemed certain when
the Oregon's fuel gave out Determined 10
win the race. the captain and the crew
produced axes chopped up the WOODWORK
of the stateroom berths, demolished the
cabin chairs and fed the furnaces with
thn
means Of these strenuous methods.
Rivalry did not stop at racing. how
ever. between the rival captains ana line
owners. story from THE fishklli
IInrnIhn hv q cnrresnondent named Bark
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27

the flames and sixty Of them were
drowned The captain later on is said
TO have denied that he was racing, but
was outfaced by the testimony Of the
passengers. one OF the gentlemen VINO
had asked him to stop had lost his VIE
i'm the disaster
Many an exciting race was run between
the Isaac Newton and the Francis Skiddy'
of Troy. whose rivalry reached It's heiBht
I'm the early co.'s. They would race each
other the whole length Of the river and
honors were equally divided. The Illus
tration here printed shows these famous
old boats engaged in nip-dnd-tuck con-
test and entering the Highlands, just
above West Point
one Of the earlier racing steamers was
the Swallow, whose foremost rival In the
racing field was the steamer Rochester
both vessels being OF exactly the same
age and both on a similar route.
''W hen the Hudson River captains raced
their boats" writes Buchanan. VINO gives
4 good account of a race between the
Swallow and the Rochester, they did II
for all they were worth. Trips that could
be made with eighteen cords of wood and
twenty-five pounds Of steam would call
for twenty-five cords of wood and sixty
pounds Of steam If the other boat was
good one and the race was at ali close.
The steam guages were plugged and the
safety valves were weighted down, so
that the boiler pressure frequently be
came threefold what it should be.
81, "a. ON az 1895 the swallow and the
Rochester had memorable race START
ing from Jersey City at p. IN. on NO
vember S, and 1t was hot one. The
boats were within a short distance OF
each other all the way up the river, with
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27
STEAMBOAT HISTORY.

or they will tell Of some Of the eXcit-
Ing events connected with the early boats
In which. perhaps, they personally hg-
ured. How they remembered the burning
Of the Henry Clay or the IN fated LeXing-
ton. how such a boat broke the record 10
Troy on her maiden trip or how another
was conspicuous for being hoodoo on
the river
One such man still lives, and he is not
so old as you would think when you hear
him tell about the happenings that ne mas
seen upon the river. His name Is George
". Murdock. lie is chief engineer for
Brooklyn shoe leather factory. Mr. Muir
docks mother kept the ROundout LAght-
house for ffty-two years, having been ap-
pointed to that Office under Franklin
Pierce in 1856 and holding IT until l'VS'
when she resigned on account OF ola age
Mr. Murdock was born in 1850, ana mas
heard and known about Hudson River
Steamboats, since he was baby lie was
Fireman on the old Sunnyside, which drove
the boats Of HancOx from the river. ana
he was Oh ;ne Sunnyside when she was
wrecked with considerable loss OF lie III
1875. Later he was fireman on the Mary
Powell, and declares that when this BOAT
brought Clusters body down the river
there was such a weight Of passengers
aboard Of her that water came into the
IRE room as she listed.
Bus the most remarkable thing about
Mr. Murdocks connection with the HUI
son River steamboats, Is the fact that ne
has made collection Of photographs oi
practically all Of the early boats There
are 80 or 700 pictures In this collection
and Mr.. Murdock has sometimes paid as
much as $25 for a single print. travelling
oil over the country IN the neighborhooi
OF the Hudson and dipping generously into
ms savings 20 crafty his hobby Tor col
iecting pictures Of oldtime steamers
New-York tribune., 1913-07-27

er Is quoted in The Kingston Freeman
of February Il. 1906. describing a shoot
ing spree between the prominent steam
boat owner Hancox and the pilot Of the
De witt Clinton. steamer Of the 3Os,
which was thought to have run into Han
oox's boat. the Napoleon, Intentionally.
Hancox. the story runs. was standing
on the deck of his steamer when he saw
the DE witt Clinton making for him. His
temper was not improved at seeing her
because the De Witt Clinton had caused
the fares that the two liners were taking
I'm 10 drop from SO so TO so cents trip
When Hancox saw that the De witt elm
ton was evidently going TO run into the
Napoleon he shouted n warning. Nhen
she continued to advance he drew his pis-
tolls and fired three shots at the pilot be-
fore the vessels actually crashed. TWO
OF the shots whistled through the plot
house. where the pilot saved his life by
iudlclous ducking the third bullet en-
bedded itself in the flagstaff. The peppery
Hancox was arrested and hailed to court
where. SO the story goes, he was tri-
umphantly acquitted.
Much mas been written about the earlier
rivalry on the river and how the mo-
nopoly between Robert Fulton and
Chancellor Livingston was finally broken
up The Chancellor Livingston steam
er named after Futons famous partner
Of that name. was one OF the most inter-
esting Of all the early boats.
IL was designed by Robert Fulton him
self. SAYS Buckman. but the great In
ventor died before this steamer was com
pleted. which was a marked Improvement
over his previous models. The Living
ston was considered remarkably speedy In
her day, as she could make twelve miles