davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
HOW TO PREVENT DAT SMUT
Grain Should BE Treated With For
maIin Solution In Forming and
Drilled In Same Day.

To prevent oat smut, the grain
should be treated with formalin. It
takes about one ounce Of formalin for
every five bushels of grain to be treat.
ed
Clean a space on the barn floor and
thoroughly sprinkle it with the for
malin solution before spreading the
seed grain. The oats should be run
through the tanning mill twice to re-
move all light grain, as only heavy
clean seed should be sown. Spread
down the seed grain, then sprinkle the
as follows: Formalin, one ounce; wa
ter, two and one-half gallons; mix
thoroughly. The solution can be ap.
Piled with a fine rose watering pot;
shovel the grain over so that every
seed is coated with the solution. When
all the grain is coataed, shovel the
grain into a round pile and cover with
sacks fer not more than two or three
hours, then spread out, and as soon
as the oats will not stick together 1t
is fit to SOW or drill. The grain should
be treated in the morning and drilled
in the same day. The drill should be
set to drill two and one-fourth to two
and one-half bushels to the acre, as
the oats, having absorbed considerable
water are larger than dry oats. Have
the ground thoroughly mellowed;
drill the oats in with $50 pounds to
the acre of some good bone fertilizer,
Even if the ground is in good order, 1t
will pay to use the fertilizer The fer.
tiizer will ripen the grain early, the
straw will stand up stiff and cannot be
blown down by summer storms and
the yield will be increased fully 10 to
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
ERADICATING LICE ON SWINE
Worse Than Useless to Dope Animals
With Killer Without pisinfecting
Pens and Bedding,

tBy T. f. BAKER. Veterinarian. Idaho
Experiment Station)
A pig weighing 100 pounds Will nave
approximately II pints Of blood, each
pint containing 1850 drops, or little
over 1000 drops OF blood. II louise
abstracts a drop day and the pig Is
boarding several thousand lice, 1t Is
easy to see where the profits go when
hogs don't pay"
1t is worse than useless to dope the
nigs with lice killer without disinfect
ing pens, bedding and in the spring
the wallow.
First burn all the loose, dry straw
clean out the manure, spray the pen
doors, walls beams, troughs and ev
cry crevice with a ten per cent solu-
ton of formalin or half gallon OF
formalin to Ave gallons OF water.
Creolin may be added to the wallow In
warm weather, say half pint to
large wallow.
Then dust on each pig powdered
staphisagria. This Will cause the
average louise to homestead else
where
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Different Styles Of Ego Cases.

ucts throughout the year is the one
who studies how. when and where
to market. He learns that during GER
tain months In each year there Is a
shortage In different kinds OF poulr
try products, and he plans to produce
as large q quantity as possible OF
these products during the season OF
scant supply. He then ascertains IN
which markets he can dispose Of
Nhese goods to best advantage, and
prepares and packs them according to
the requirements OF those markets.
Poultry products are concentrated
and valuable, although not extremely
perishable. Therefore, improved means
Of transportation make 1t possible for
the poultryman to place his goods In
the best markets without greatly In.
creased expense.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
|D0ULIM NOIF(
@Ssxzassys stSssSszssSa.5 n
4 @SSSssSSsSSSSSSS 4aAJD

Keep something in the grit box
Millet Is great reproducing
food.
Crowding just now lessen the fer
tility of eggs.
Get an incubator and let the hens
keep on laying
No better feed in the world than
nice plump oats and wheat.
The first warm days start vermin to
growing in unclean houses.
The modern poultry house has
everything inside it easily movable.
Never feed little chicks wet, slop-
Ply food 1t is bad enough for mature
stock
Boiling the oats or wheat makes
good ration and desirable change
occasionally.
Feed at regular hours and the fowls
will always be ready and waiting for
their last meal
A little more elbow grease used in
keeping the premises clean will often
prevent disease.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
ARRANGE BEDDING FOR HORSE
Baled shavjnss and sawdust Are Best
Everything considered-straw 10
Too Valuable.

Always place bedding toward the
side and rear of the stall. as horse
lies we'll backward and on Its side.
Should the horse kick and scratch
the straw too tar back, place coarse
cocoanut.fber mat under the straw
about where the hooks of the horse
lie and there will be no further trou-
BILE. Otherwise, the hooks may be
capped and injured.
Wheat straw is good for bedding,
rye next and barley IL tabooed, while
oats Is too soft Besides, horse likes
oat straw and may be tempted to eat
unsanitary bedding, the salty taste OF
ammonia proving agreeable to de,
PRAYED appetite.
Baled shavings and sawdust are
best. everything considered; their use
stopping indigestion caused by eating
bedding. Straw, baled hay, old swale
and such matter rolls up too much,
which fact, together with the steadily
increasing value Of straw, makes 1t
almost too valuable for bedding in the
horse barns.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Most Serious Problem.

Infectious abortion among cattle
has become one of the most serious
problems for cattle owners SO FAR as
infectious diseases are concerned
1t Is we'll entitled to rank in import
ance with tuberculosis, hog cholera
and Texas fever. Two new medical
treatments have recently appeared
either one of which may possibly
prove to be of very great Importance
One, abortin, Is used like tuberculin
as a diagnostic; and the other is
vaccine which 1t is hoped will i'm
munize heifers against tn" infection
There is not sufficient reliable infor
nation available as yet, upon which
to justify any definite statement
Breeders should keep these things in
mind and watch for future develop
mentS.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
MANY FAVOR TOULOUSE GEESE
Breeds and Gander viii Weigh
About Twenty Pounds,
(By GEORGE E. HOWARD)

(By GEORGE L. HOWARD)
Toulouse geese are more compact IN
shape than other geese, and are pre-
ferred by many for this reason. The
head Is rather large and short, and
they have a comparatively short bill
that Is stout at the base; the neck Is
carried well up and Is Of medium
length. They have a broad back Of
moderate length, which curves slight
ly from the neck to the tail; their
breasts are broad and deep. The
body Of the Toulouse goose Is mod
crate in length, broad, and very deep
and compact, the more compact the
better; and in birds in good condition
the belly almost touches the ground,
Their wings are large, strong and
fold nicely against the sides, and they
have comparatively short tails and
stout thighs and shanks. In color
Of plumage they are dull gray. The
head is gray and the neck dark blue.
gray, which shades to lighter gray
as 1t approaches the back; the back
Is Of dark gray, while the breast Is
light gray. The body plumage Is
light gray, which grows lighter and
becomes white Oh the belly; the white
extends back to and around the tail.
covering the fluffy parts. The pri-
maries of the wings are dark gray
or brown; the secondaries are shade
darker than the primaries, with very
narrow edging of lighter gray, and
the coverts are dark gray. The tail
feathers are gray and white, the ends
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01

up such q coop, except for the roof
ing. AS no glass is used, the only
additional expense will be for nails,
hinges, a few yards OF cheap cotton
domestic, and little poultry net
ting.
The door into the coop is put at one
end of the front wall 1t is not closed
with a solid door, but with frame
covered with wire netting, having
curtain OF muslin on the inside for
use In cold weather. The upper half
of the remaining part of the front Is
also left open and covered with net
ting, with an inside muslin curtain.
In warm weather these curtains are
kept rolled up, but in cold weather
they are let down over the openings,
They should be large enough to cover
them well, and have weights at the
bottom to hold them in place. If a
hen is run in, and rather heavy Stat
thrust through the casing thus formed,
they will stay in place very well
The only other openings in the coop
are four little square doorways. eight
by ten inches in size. If the hens are
very large, these may be made some.
what larger each way. One of these
little doors should be in each end, and
one in each lower corner of the back
wall They are closed with a sliding
panel, set in a little frame, which
can be raised or lowered by wire or
stout cord. Only one is, Of course, to
be used at time.
In the center of the back wall, two
feet above the floor, fasten ; frame
two feet wide and three feet long,
carrying two roosting poles. This
frame should be hinged to the wall so
it can be raised out of the way when
desired Under it, foot from the
floor, make little platform Of boards
to catch the droppings. DO not fasten
this anywhere, as you will want to
take 1t up to clean it. On the front
corners of the roosting frame put legs
a foot long. which should rest on this
dropping board when the roost Is
lowered In place. Have both roosting
poles the same height, not set so the
frame will slant.
On the ceiling, directly above the
roost. nail strips of inch boards SO as
to make a frame the same size, or a
trifle larger, than the roost itself. To
this tack strips of burlap sacking long
enough to reach the floor, and wide
enough to completely surround the
coop when they are dropped in place.
At the lower edges put Stats to keep
them in place, as on the other cur
tains. On cold nights this makes
snug, and yet not stuffy. sleeping place
for the biddies. In the warmer parts
Of the country this inside curtain
will not be needed. but in the colder
states it will give ample protection
through the winter. 1t should be
rolled up during the day.
The nest boxes-two are plenty
should be placed in the darkest part
Of the coop. This will be against the
front wall, in the corner farthest
from the outer door A box three
feet long and foot deep, with parti-
ton In the middle, and doors cut in
the ends, makes good nest when
turned bottom side up over a nice
deep bed of clean straw.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
|DOUI1M NO1E('
&SSSSsSSSSSSS S1.<AlO

Sow turnips for poultry food.
This 10 the month to wage war on
lice.
Almost all varieties Of geese make
! od mothers.
Dry bran makes a good chicken feed
the year round.
There should be shade provided In
every poultry yard.
Feed sweet milk occasionally during
the summer months.
Overlooking is a common cause of
loss among turkeys.
A turkey cannot grind its food with
out having sharp grit
Oats are the best feed for growing
bone and large frame.
Summer eggs that go to market
must be above suspicion.
Geese live long. but It Ia not wise
TO keep ganders over four years old.
Geese have been bred for table use
at least since the days of ancient
Egypt.
A turkey when a few weeks old
grow. very fast and has a voracious
appetite.
II you want large, healthy chicks.
don't crowd more than twenty-five In
one coop.
Yard the young stock during the
day and house at night to stop sum.
mer losses.
Do not get the idea that there Is no
money in poultry unless you raise
poultry on large scale.
Feed for growing pullets and cock
erels should consist largely Of crack
ed oats with the hull removed.
Select a warm place away from the
windows for roosts, and have an in
.clined platform under them to catch
the droppings.
Three months should bring \ broil
er to the market stage.
Ducks do not stand confinement
well. Better turn 'em loose.
The care OF the fowls 10 one Of the
i.nportant things that cannot be neg.
lected.
Exposure to hot weather Is as dan
gerous to the egg crop as Is exposure
to cold weather.
Keep the dropping boards clean and
free from fllth. They should be fire.
Quently scrubbed.
The poultryman must keep every
thing clean and sweet about the
houses aud yards.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
E)O(I>IH
~
VALUE OF POULTRY PRODUCTS
Poor Methods Of Preparing and Mar
ksting Deprive Pouitryman OF
Much Of His Profits.
tRv f. II. sTONEBURN.)

(By +. H. STONEBURNo
Poultry products OF various kinds
form one Of the greatest crops pro-
duced upon American farms. The
ever increasing number Of farms and
plants devoted exclusively to poultry
keeping produce large amounts OF
high grade goods, although these are
inconsiderable when compared with
the vast supply coming from the small
focks scattered upon the farms and
In the villages throughout the coun-
try. Unquestionably the great bulk
of poultry products has come IN the
Vast from the latter sources. and this
addition Is likely to continue.
Many farmers concede that their
nocks Of poultry yield them fair
\rofit, although any intelligent OBJ
ierver has but to spend a short time
IN investigating the great markets to
learn that poor methods OF preparing
and marketing alone prevent the pro-
Queer from receiving much greater re-
turns. The majority of poultry raisers
fail to realize that their profits could
be largely increased. first. by the
production of better and more uniform
goods: and second. by improved meth
DDS of disposing OF them.
Not infreQuently 1t Is stated that
high.grade goods sell themselves.
and In a sense this Is true. but 1t Is
not enough to turn out superior
goods: much is lost II they are not
marketed in the most careful manner.
The poultry man who receives
the highest quotations for his prod
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
USEFUL RACK LIFTERS
Automatic UnIoader That Any
One Can Easily Work.
Illustrations and Description Of Con-
triyance That WIN Be Found Al.
vantaoeous on Any Farm
Racks viii Not Slip.

I have an automatic unloader for
heavy hay racks and other wagon
bodies that any one can operate who
knows how to drive team, writes F
Hathaway of Fort Smith, Ark. IN the
Farmers Mail and Breeze. Fig.
shows one section of the frame as
it appears before unloading while Fig.
Q shows the position of the frame with
the rack on it. The posts A are by
Is set firmly into the ground. These
posts should be set about So feet
apart crosswise. The length and
height of the frames depend on the
racks used. BIB are the lifting braces
which must be we'll made and secure
" bolted to the posts, yet not so ticht
as to hinder them from moving fire ~
in loading or unloading a rack. The
pieces c are by G's bolted to the HIT
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
FOR CUTTING FEICKLY PEAR
implement Invented by Texas Man
for Quickly Clearing Land for
the Purpose Of Cultivation.

In describing an implement intend
ed for cutting and handling prickly
pear, invented by h. H. Brown of San
Antonio, Tex, the Scientific American
says:
This invention pertains to imple'
ments for clearing the ground for pur-
poses of cultivation, the object being
to provide an implement which may
be easily and quickly handled for the
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Value Of Education.

The question Is often asked, "Of
how much value is school training to
farmers from business standpoint
A recent agricultural survey OF sever
al townships OF Tompkins county, New
York. made by the College of Agricul.
ture OF Cornell University has reveal
ed many interesting and suggestive
facts bearing upon rural sociology. To
quote from the summary: 1.-THE sur
vey shows that a high school educa-
ton Is worth as much to a farmer az
$4,000 worth of per cent. bonds. A
college education Is worth nearly
twice as much"
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01

ing braces. At their forward ends two
short pieces of 2 by As (E) are bolted
that strike against the rack as 1t Is
being driven between the frames. thus
bringing up the lifting frames and
raising the rack or the wagon. Two
cross pieces OF by IS (D) are bolted
lengthwise to the posts to give the
frames rigidity. Two blocks (F) are
bolted at the forward ends OF ID to
step the forward movement OF the
lifting frame. These are placed a lit
tie past the center so as to lock the
frame while up. Two pawls notched
at one end are bolted underneath The
rack frame with the notched ends
against the rear bolster of the wagon
This prevents the rack slipping back
as II rises from the wagon.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
R|gA|: |||i''''|l|||'''''|||||||''|||||
~
POULTRY FOR The BOY
Desirable to Manage Them Sepa.
rate From Other Fowls.
Plan Given for the Construction OF
Suitable House to Accommodate
Ten Hens and Male-Coop
May Be Enlarged.
" GpIMINC

GRlMES.)
The boy who has fowls of his oW
will want to manage them so as to
keep them separate from the other
poultry on the farm. The following
plan, which is arranged to accom-
modate ten or twelve hens and a male,
has been found very satisfactory. 1t
may be enlarged for greater number,
always remembering that each addl'
tional fowl means from Ave to eight
square feet more of floor space.
The coop in question is five feet
wide and twelve feet long, giving a
floor space OF sixty square feet-ilve
or six square feet per hen. 1t Is six
feet high at the front, and four feet
at the back, and Is built from cheap
lumber, and covered with tarred roof
Ing. On most farms there are odds
and ends OF boards enough to put
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Prickly Pear implement.

purpose of cutting and handling prick
~ pear Broadly, the Improvement
consists in the provision of an imple-
ment which embodies handle and
transversely elongated head at one
end of the handle, having an outer
cutting edge and an engaging prong
or tine extending from one side
thereof
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Bric-a-tSrac,

Ole charming housewife has in her
parlor little cabinet with loaded
glass doors, in which she keeps extra
vases for flowers, photographs Of
friends, Interesting postcards, and the
keepsakes that too frequently litter
the living rooms Of the family. Here
they are close at hand, and free from
dust, while her rooms are doubly at
tractive because of their absence
Some such plan Is practicable in ev.
cry house.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Book for Baby.

When baby arrives at q taste for
books a durable one can be made of
brown holland or linen. Buttonhole
round the leaves with bright silk or
thread, and paste in bright colored
pictures cut from magazines. A row
Of stitching made with an unthreaded
needle will mark an even border and
serve as q marker for the insartion
Of the needle when doing the button.
holing.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Swine for BREEDING.

When the pure.bred swine are kept
Tor breeding purposes they should be
given every opportunity for bone and
muscle development rather than pro
duction of fat.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01

tipped with white Their eyes are
dark brown or hazel In color; their
bills are of a pale orange color, while
the shanks, toes and webs are of
deep reddish-orange color.
The standard weight of the adult
gander is 20 pounds; adult goose. IS
pounds; young gander, IS pounds, and
young goose, IS pounds.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
Thankful Draw Horse.

'Whew!" shifted the dray horse, as
smoking motor car rushed by. 81
have some faults, | know, but, thank
goodness, | never learned to smoked"
Judge.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
False Economy.

1t Is not economical at this sea.
son to cut short the food supply to
avoid an outlay in the way of pur-
chasing more.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1913-05-01
DaiIv ThoiIuht.

1t is indeed desirable thing to be
we'll descended, but the glory belongs
to our ncestors.-Plutarch.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-06-03
NEXT WEEK IS
ONE Of BIGGEST
Four Great Gatherings to
Prove Drawing Card For
About 5000.
SUNDAY SCHOOLS
WILL LEAD THEM
Masonic Events are Important While
Jewellers are Coming in Force-Oth.
er Bodies to Hold Forth Here Dur
ing the Month.
EVENTS OF NEXT WEEK.

EVENTS OF NEXT WEEK.
North Dakota Sunday School
association annual convention,
Tuesday, Wednesday and Thurs
day.
North Dakota jewelers. asso.
ciation annual convention. Tues
day. Wednesday and Thursday.
Annual midsummer reunion of
Scottish Rite bodies Of Grand
Forks. Monday. Tuesday, Wednes-
day and Thursday.
Seventh ceremonial session of
Kem temple, Friday.
With two big statewide conventions
and the Masonic celebrations sched-
uled for next week, Grand Forks will
entertain one of the largest crowds
in its history from June to 13.
The North Dakota Sunday School
association will bring about 1000 del
egates to Grand Forks: the North Da.
kota jewelers. association will draw
an attendance Of between 100 and $50;
the Scottish Rite reunion and the KEN
temple ceremonial will draw from SOC
to 500 more visitors, making q total
for the week Of about 5000.
In Gala Attire.
Grand Forks never was in better
condition to entertain convention Wis
itors than 1t Is this month, and before
June closes there will be several other
big bodies in the city, these including
the North Dakota Bankers association
on June II and 18: the annual meet
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-06-03
GOOD POSITIONS
FOR n. DAk0TANS
Congressman From This
State Land Important
Committees in House.

Washington. June s.-North Dako-
ta's congressman all have good places
on the committees of the house. Each
one of the three representatives was
made q member of one Of the most
desirable committees.
II. T. Helgesen from the First dis
trict draws the much coveted COM
mittee on agriculture and is also a
member Of the COMMITTEES on expendi-
lures in the postoffice department.
George NJ. Young from the Second
district will serve on the committee
on insular affairs and the committee
on claims. both good committees, and
the committee on insular affairs will
probably be an unusually active one
during this administration, because Of
the. proposal to grant independence to
the Philippines.
P. D. Norton Of the Third District
will serve upon the committee on In
dian affairs and on railways and can
ais. The Indian affairs committee ID
an excellent one.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-06-03
GIVEN LIFE TERM
Herman Coppes, l4-Year-old Murder.
eS. Must Snend IAlA in Iail


ef, Must Spend IAfe in Jail.
Elgin, ILL.,, June 3.-Life imprison-
ment was the sentence imposed today
by Circuit Judge G. F. Irwin In the
Kane county circuit court at Geneva,
on Herman Coppes, the 14-year-old
state ward, who on April II murdered
Mrs Nanny Sleep and her two babies
on farm west Of Elgin.
Several weeks ago coppes was in
three charges Of first degree murder.
Today when his case was called he
entered plea Of guilty. Then began
an unusual procedure. Testimony of
witnesses who appeared before the
grand jury and others was heard be-
fore Judge Irwin pronounced the sem
tence.
Conviction and sentence Of coppes
set q new record for the speedy execu-
tion Of justice in murder cases in
Kane county. f
The murder Of which Coppes was
today Convicted was the most revolt
Ing in the history Of Kane county.
On April II he shot Mrs. Sleep with
q revolver. murdered her two babies.
aged and 2 years. with an axe and
NV their bodies In an abandoned
s4st ''nderneath the kitchen floor
were discove. Suspicion pointed
day. Tho next day ne confessed. No
motive for the crime has ever been
given. The boys explanation was
that he had the revolver In his pocket
and something kept telling me to
shoot Mrs. Sleep. and did,"
Charles school for boys. st. Charles,