davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
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Equipment for
the Beginner.
BY F. s. COOLEY, superin.
tendent Montana Farmers
Institutes,


Since tillage is the chief means of
controlling soil moisture, it is essen
tial that the dry farmer have sufficient
equipment to give proper and effec-
tive cultivation. To attempt to estab-
fish the proper crop conditions with
light or ineffective tillage implements,
or to scatter the seed broadcast over
the surface, is to court disappoint-
ment in the form of low crop yields.
The dry farmer ought to furnish
himself with enough horse power to
do his work promptly. On a quarter
section four good work horses are re-
quired to perform the labor of cultiva-
ton with reasonable economy. If the
work is attempted with but two
horses, or if they are small or light.
the work, being slowly done, is more
expensive and less satisfactory. Mois-
ture conservation demands that till
age be promptly attended to when the
conditions are right.
A good moldboard breaking plow
adapted to the size of the area to be
farmed, a disk harrow, a set of DRAG
harrows, and a single or double disk
drill, ought to be at hand when the
dry farmer starts breaking for his
spring crop. To these the farmer
may add a heavy roller or ~leveler, or
float made of planks, and such other
special and general equipment as his
needs and judgment may suggest.
A word of caution is offered against
too heavy investments in power ma.
chimes. Desirable as these are under
certain conditions, and for contract or
custom work, they may not be adapt.
ed to dry farming on small or medium
sized farms, and many bonanza farm.
ers, after giving them a fair trial
have discarded them for horses. Am.
pie equipment of the right sort is in
dispensable to efficient farming; bu,
a farmer Of moderate means is no,
wise who burdens himself with debts
for tractors and power implements
which are idle the greater part of the
year.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land. No. O2l6!
Notice for Publication.
No. O2l699.

United States Land ONCE at Great Falls, Mon.
tana, January II, 1878.
Notice ts hereby given that
EVA kULAGE,
whose postofhce address 10 Shonkin, Montana
did, on the 18th day of December, 1910, fila il
this Office sworn statement and application No
O2l6y9, to purchase the lots and s, and 81 SEA
section 90, township q north, range y east, Mon
tans meridian, and the timber thereon, under the
provisions OF the act Of June 3, 1878, and acts
amendatory, known as the Climber and Stone
Law at such value as might be fixed by sp.
prsisement, and that, pursuant to such applica-
ton, the land and timber thereon have been ap-
praised at 1921. %; the timber estimated at $500
poles, and 40 NJ. board feet at $500 per NJ, and
The land at Ss4l.73; that said applicant will offer
final proof in support OF her application and
sworn statement on the 2Sth day of March, 1913,
before the Register and Receiver of the U. $.
land Office at Great Falls. Montana.
Any person is a. liberty to protest this pur'
chase before entry, or initiate u contest at any
time before patent issues, by filing a corrobo
rated affidavit In this office, alleging facts which
would defeat the entry.
JULIUS c. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
No. O3O5O5.
Notice for Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Nor
tana, February 26, 1918.
Notice is hereby given that the
SANTA FE PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY,
whose postofice address is Topeka, Kansas, has
this 26th day of February. 1918, filed in this office
their application to select under the provisions
Of the Act of June 4, 1897, the sen NEA, EN-
sen section 20, sWA NWA, Sh SWA section
II, NEA NWA, NWA NEA section %, town
ship 20 north. range II east, Montana merriam.
lands described, or desiring to objec: because Of
the mineral character of the land, or for any
other reason, to the disposal to applicant, should
die their atfidavits of protest in this office on or
before the 10th day of April, 1913.
JULIUS e. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, February II, 1913.
Notice ie hereby given that
ANNA ALLEN TATE.
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on December IA,
1911, made homestead application serial No.
0s5437, for VIZ SWA section II, VIZ NWE
tans meridian, has filed notice OF intention to
make communication proof, to establish claim to
the land above described, before Herbert d.
Schmidt, U. s. commissioner, at his office, at
Fort Benton, Montana, on the lst day of April,
1913.
Claimant names At witnesses: Robert Steven
son, Grace c.. HiXon, Carl Is. Nelson, Maude
Minar, all Of Fort Benton, Mont.
JULIUS G. PETERS,, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Evasion Of Drought
Rate Of Seeding Should Be
Governed by Moisture Supply.
+ + /. + !. + i. !. + + + + 4

Other things being equal, the amount
of growth made under dry land condi-
tons will be limited by the quantity
of water available. Hence, If meas
ures are taken to avoid having the
stand so thick or the growth so heavy
that the soil moisture will be rapidly
exhausted by excessive Transportation,
there is much more likelihood that the
remaining plants will reach maturity.
In extremely arid regions the native
shrubs and trees generally stand far
apart, 50 that each individual has a
large mass of soil from which to draw
water. The same advantage may be
secured artificially by thin planting.
Many crop failures in arid regions are
caused by a too thick stand. The ideal
should be to have no greater number
of plants per acre than can be brought
to maturity by the moisture supply
which may reasonably be expected.
Perennial crops like alfalfa and
trees should be planted so thin that
even during the most u%nfavorable
years the plants may successfully
evade drought. An admirable exam
pie Of adjustment of planting distance
to moisture supply is afforded by the
dry land olive orchard of Southern
Tunis, in a district where the annual
rainfall averages about nine inches.
Although only from seven to eleven
trees are planted to the acre, profit
able crops of fruit are obtained with
much regularity.
With annual crops the rate Of seed
ing should be governed as far as pos
sible by the moisture supply of aver
age years. Yet the stand, especially
of grain crops, is not entirely con-
trollable by the rate of seeding. Too
abundant moisture during the early
period of growth, ven though thin
seeding is %practiced, may result in
failure of the crop by stimulating the
plants to unusually heavy stooling.
The excessive loss of moisture by
Transportation from the dense growth
thus produced may lead to a fatal
deficiency of soil moisture before the
grain is ripe.
Inc crop Cdu OUtdlu Lie Iull Ueueut
from thin planting only where the land
is free from weeds. With intertilled
crops this condition may be met by
clean cultivation. When intertillage
is not practiced, as is usually the case
with small grains, little or no advan.
tage is likely to be obtained by thin
seeding in case the land is foul. The
more favorable moisture condition
thus created leads to a vigorous
growth of weeds and a corresponding
ly rapid exhaustion of the water sup
ply. AS a result the crop may moi
have as good a chance to ripen as
would have been the case had the
grain been own NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication,

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
taua, February IA, 1913.
Notice is hereby given that
WALTER j. MASON,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on November %,
1871, made homestead entry No. O25ls6, fol
e.. NEA section ~, NWA section %, township
- north, range 10 east, Montana meridian, has
filed notice of intention to make three-year proof,
to establish claim to the land above described,
before Herbert d. Schmidt, L. S. commissioner
at his office at Fort Benton, Montana, on the Sd
day of April, 1913.
Claimant names as witnesses: Clark S. Hay.
worth, August Luderman, Ernest Wan, Leonard
Chaplin, all of Fort Benton, Montana.
JULIUS G. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United states Land Office at Great FALLS, Mon.
tana, February Ia, 1913.
Notice Is hereby given that
LYLE X. MILLER,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on October 81,
1911, made homestead entry No. 0247el, for
SEX sen section "a, Sa SWA and SWA SEA
tsna meridian, has filed notice Of intention to
make communication proof to establish claim to
the land above described, before Herbert d.
Schmidt, U. :. commissioner, at his office al
Fort Benton, Montana, on the I'd day of April,
1913.
Claimant names as witnesses: Albert E. Allen,
Vaughn, all OF Fort Benton, Montana.
JULIUS G. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication,

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon.
tana, February II, 1913.
Notice is hereby given that
HARRY K MORROW,
of Fort Benton. Montana, who, on March IL,
1910, made homestead entry No. 0lO753, tor
SWA, sWA SEA section II. M NWA, SWh
NWA section 90, township % north, range s east,
Montana meridian, has filed notice Of intention
to the land above described. before Herbert d.
Schmidt, U. =. commissioner, at his office at Fort
Benton, Montana, on the l4th day Of April, 1918.
Claimant names as Witnesses: William G..
Morrow, Wilbur Briere, Charles W. Morrow,
Grover c.. Schmidt, all Of Fort Eenton, Mont.
JULIUS c. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Once ct Low istown, Mon
tana, February 10, 1918.
Notice 10 hereby given that
JAMES N. NELL,
made Homestead entry serial No, O02l0. for RK
section 81, township "A north, range 10 east,
Montana meridian, has filed notice Of intention
to the land above described, before Herbert b.
schmidt. U. 8. commissioner, at his office at
Fort Benton, Montana, on the It'll day of April,
1918.
Claimant m a. witnesses: Lem Remby.
Oswald 9uthornson, Nelson Alpaugh, julius W.
Neill, Sr., all of 0raceville, Mont.
c.. &. MoKOIN, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication,

United Statee Land Office at Great Fslla. Mon
tana, February II, 1913.
>otice Is hereby given that
AUGUST W. LUDERMAN,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on April q, 1910,
made homestead entry No. Ol2G95, for So Sec
tion %, township "a north, range 10 east, Mon
tana meridian, has filed notice of intention to
to the land above described, before Herbert D.
Schmidt, U. =. commissioner, at his Office at
Fort Benton, Montana, on the l4th day of April,
1873.
Claimant names as witnesses: Walter J.
Mason, Clark S. Hayworth, James H. Love,
William Schultz, all OF Fort Benton, Mont.
JULIUS c. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Notice Of Closing Of Registration

Notice is hereby given that the registration
books ~ the county OF Chouteau, state Of Mon.
day Of March, 1913. for the general school siec.
ton to be held in the school districts of the ssid
county on the tr>t saturday in April, 1918.
Electofs may register for the said election by
his ONCE, or before the nearest justice Of the
peace or notary public.
Dated this 18th day of February, 1918.
j. LEE SEDGWlCK,
County Clerk, Chouteau County, Montana.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, February IA, 1913.
Notice is hereby given that
CLAUDE S. CURTIS,
OF Fort Benton, Montana, who, on January %,
1910, made homestead entry serial No. 0yGl9, for
lots 3 and 4, Sha NWA and SWA section :, town
chip % north, range s east, Montana meridian,
has filed notice of intention to make three year
proof, to establish claim to the land above de-
scribed, before Herbert d. Schmidt, U. S. com
missioner, at his office at Fort Benton, Montana,
on the I'd day of April. 1913.
Claimant nance as Witnesses: j. Frank
Curtis, John Jacoby, Warren Morrow, William
Morrow, all of Fort Benton, Mont.
JULIUS c. PETERS, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Notice to Contractors

The board of county commissioners of Chou
teau county, Montana. will receive sealed bids
for the construction OF about 1900 feet of 7-foot
Fifteen stalls and an exhibit hall 3Ox12O built in
an l. shape. Said bids to be opened April II,
1918, At 10 O'Clock a. m. Plans and specifications
for above work are on file in the Office of the
county clerk.
j. E SEDGWICK County Clerk.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Notice Of Closing Of Registration

Notice is hereby given that the ,epistrs.ion
books o. tie county Of Chouteau, state Of Mon.
lana, VIII be closed at s O'Clock p. M. on the 18th
day OF March, 1918. for the city election to be
day In April, 1913.
Electors may register for the said ell ction by
appearing IN person before the county clerk in
Dated this 18th day Of February, 1913.
j. LEE SEDGNlCK,
County Clerk, Chouteau County, Montana,
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
IN FLOWING ONE ACRE.
Distances Travelled by Team Accord
ing to Width of Furrow.

1t is interesting to know how f..
the team walks in blowing an acre
The following gives approximate ca.
culation for varying widths Of burrows:
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Hay For Sale, $500

About $50 tons first class blue joint hay for
sale, $500 per ton. Seven miles from Saco.
Two sheep sheds and range for 5000 sheep until
April, 1914, thrown in. Address
BIRUM LAM CO., Saco, Mont.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19

Readers of the Montana farm
articles in this paper are in
vited to submit questions relat-
ing to any phase of agriculture.
These questions will receive
the prompt attention of special
lists. Submit all inquiries to
Office of Farmers Institutes.
Bozeman, Mont.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Help Wanted

We want a man to cell a new patented article
in Choutesu county. Must be able to give good
reference. Write today.
Manufacturer Distributing Co.,
Box 1855 Helena, Montana.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Rhode Island Red Eggs

For sale, pure bred Rhode Island Red eggs for
hatchirg. Address
CHAs. SCHILLING, Turis, Mont.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Help Wanted

Wanted, a girl for general house work or
ranch. Apply to r A. W SIMS,
Cottonwood, via Havre, Mont.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19
Stallion For Sale.

For sale, a Shire stallion, weight about 1860
pounds, we'll broke and gentle. viii sell cheap
VIM. Nj. WILLIAMSON, Big Sandy
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1913-03-19

Be sociable this winter. Go
down and see the neighbor
who is not very neighborly. 1t
may be he thinks you don't
care enough about his company
to visit him. Show him this
is not so. Be neighborly and
you will have n%eighbors.
The Washington herald., 1913-09-11
Danger Sill Exists.

The grade crossing accident al
Humes Crossing, a few miles from
the Capital, which killed two men and
injured another, was held by the cor
oner's-jury which Investigated the dis
aster to be attributed in large part to
defective apparatus of the steam train
constituting the party Of the first part,
so to speak.
Such finding, no matter what cul-
pability it may impose upon the rail-
way company operating the locomotive
and its train, should not be allowed to
allay the anxiety of the people which
the existence of grade crossings nat
urally creates and ought naturally to
keep ever poignant, Allegation that
the apparatus of the rolling stock was
defective does not eliminate the grade
crossing. 1t is there with exactly as
high a potentiality for destruction as
it had before the accident of last Sun
day. To supply the deficiencies of the
rolling stocks apparatus, which the op-
Grating railway company may already
have done, does not remove thel
menace.
As The Washington Herald stated
Monday, this disaster should serve to
bring before the people of this COM
munity the fact that the grade cross
ing is a very present source of danger
to the Capital community, Within easy
distance of the center of the District
there are numerous intersections of
rail and dirt" roads. AT any one of
these, at any time, the accident of last
Sunday or a worse one may occur.
These grade crossings must be elm
mated. 1t will not be sufficient to place
warning signals or even fagmen there.
The crossings must be eliminated. In
no other way can their attendant dan
gers be eliminated.
The cost of eliminating the grade |
dangers must be paid for in part by |
The people as we'll as by the railroads. !
What their shares OF expense shall be
can be. determined equitably. The de-
tails of the process may be irksome,
put they are not difficult.
The railway companies and the peo-
pie must get together and do this
work at once.
The Washington herald., 1913-09-11
Mr.. M'REYNOLDS BUSY
ON RETURN TO CITY
Agent Assigned to Ascertain if Ameri-
can Tobacco Company Has Vio-
lated Dissolution Decree.
MORE SUITS TO BE STARTED

Attorney General McReynolds returned
to the Department OF Justice yesterday,
after a two weeks absence. during which
he attended the convention of the Amer
lean Rar Association at Montreal, He
applied himself 10 catching up on the
details Of developments since his de-
parture.
II was learned that a special agent has
been assigned to investigate the opera
tions of the American Tobacco Company
to ascertain II tho dissolution decree,
which followed the decision OF the Su-
preme Court that this corporation was a
monopoly, has been violated. No indica-
ton OF the nature OF the evidence gath
cred BY the agent has reached the De-
partment yet.
Mr. McReynolds' dissatisfaction with
the tobacco situation has. been with the
decree itself, however. and not with the
way the decree has been carried out.
The Attorney General found that COM
plants had been made by certain inde-
pendent tobacco manufacturers that the
Metropolitan Tobacco Company OF New
York is operating in violation of the
Sherman Act The complainants have
alleged that this company Is a subsidiary
of the American Tobacco Company. The
complaint has been forwarded to United
States District Attorney II. Snowden
Mdisnall ana an lnNeSugauOn Dy MIN
ordered.
Tue bill against the National Wholesale
Jewelers. Association and the National
Association Of Manufacturing jewelers.
under the Sherman law. which Mr.. Nc
Reynolds ordered drawn before his de-
parture. has been completed and been
sent 10 the printer Probably it will be
filed within a few days.
The bill charges that the two associa-
tions have prevented the sale OF jcwelry
front the manufacturers direct 10 the
retailer. 1t does not seek the dissolution
Of the associations, but merely the enjoin-
ment OF them from continuing the alleged
practice of attempting TO maintain the
middleman in the jewelry market.
The Attorney General found no report
had been made by Special Attorney Nor
risOn. assigned to investigate the opera
tions of the Standard oil Company with
reference to the manner in which this
has observed the decree dissolv-
ing it. Mr.. Morrison, he learned, is con-
tinuinc his investigation.
There is a strong expectation in legal
circles here that the next few weeks will
much activity on the part of Mr..
and his assistants. II Is said
hat several antitrust suits will be inl-
lated in that time.
The Washington herald., 1913-09-11
NEW DISTRICT HEADS
PLEASE ANAC0STIANS
Commissioners Inspect Southeast
Section of City and Improve
meDts Are Expected.

Satisfaction with the present board of
Commissioners was expressed in several
speeches at the meeting of the Anacosita
Citizens Association, which was held at
2O0l Nichols Avenue Southeast last night.
The speeches were made by Charles R.
Burr, president of the association; Mau-
rice Ottertack, its treasurer. and other
members in connection with a review Of
the inspection tour which the District
heads made through that section. Mr.
Burr ventured the opinion that the South
east part of the District was at last go
ing to get a square deal"
Officers of the association, who ac-
companied the Commissioners on the in
spection tour, were greatly pleased with
the interest shown by them in the vari-
Gus improvements that the. association
long has been trying TO secure. The
District heads used up a whole after
neon, and covered every foot of the
ground. 1t was the first time that any
board of Commissioners had ever taken
personal note of the needs of the South
east.
Appropriations for paving Nichols Ave
nue. and putting in the underground
street car current system, it is under
stood. will be asked by the District
heads in their next estimates The Com
missioners also promised to take under
consideration the advisability of ordering
increased street car facilities for that
section.
The need for street Improvement fully
was demonstrated TO the Commissioners
by the shaking up they received in 60
ing over the roadways in their autos.
William Webb, James A. Taylor, and
W. II. Ford were admitted to member
shin at the meeting
The Washington herald., 1913-09-11
PONDEROUS PERSONAGES
ALFRED THE GREAT
BY GEORGE FITCH,
Author of Sat Good Old Siyyash.'

Alfred the Great OF England was one
of the earliest recorded instances Of the
benefits of a college education.
Alfred was the son of a king, and
would have become a king if he had
never known how to spell at all. But
that would not have helped glue him
firmly to the pages of history. Being d
king in those days was being only poor
insurance risk. II king in Alfred
time grew up to the age of sixteen with
out being stabbed by some dissatisfied
nobleman he was doing extraordinarily
we'll
Alfred knew at an early age that he
was doomed to become a king. but il
did not discourage him. lie went right
on accumuIating knowledge Just as If he
intended to live to a good old age. Not
content with graduating m sworusman-
ship and other 3tatesmanlike studies, he
learned to play the harp and to read and
write, which was considered a very faddy
business in the ninth century when AL
fred lived. Then he went to Italy and
learned Italian, French, Latin, poetic
composition, drawn work. and sight sing
ing. BY the time death had overtaken
his father and three brothers, and left
him a king. he was the most learned
monarch in his part of the world, and
could talk for hours in words averaging
two syllables.
At that time England was not much
of country and was conquered regular
ly by every passer-by. For many years
1t had been infested with Danes. The
Danes were a crude coarse folk, who
licked their fingers when eating, instead
Of wiping them daintIly on their robes;
but they were great lighters and had
made it necessary for English kings to
sleep in trees for safety for several reigns
past. But Alfred, while he was a
scholar. was no dude. Taking his harp