The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-01-30

pSiilS 'A~ NPN
for diligent thought, they have uc-
results. For these they nave usurped
the name of science brought from
over the sea, but in reality their
methods are Chinese methods. This
is the case with astronomy and
mathematics. and it is equally so with
the other sciences. China has origi-
mated the methods which Europeans
have received as an inheritance"
Even such powerful Chinese as Ii
Hung Chang, Chang Chin Tung, Sun
Chi Mai (tutor to the emporer) n
| others We're unable to persuade the
throne to recognize the sciences until
1888, when, after the triennial eX-
animation of the literati for high Of
ficial position one scientific student
was promoted to the second literacy
rank for his knowledge of the sciences
alone. In the meantime the transla-
ton of modern writings, founding of
newspapers and organization of clubs
for western study grew apace. The
printing establishments of the city of
Shanghai We're so swamped with or
ders that they resorted to wholesale
infringement of copyrights as an ex-
cuse for the circulation of cheap edi-
ions of foreign books.
A forward step was made in August,
1871, when Yung Wing CYale 1850-54)
was commissioned to use an appropri-
alton of 81, 10000 in the education Of
young Chinese in the United States.
1t was decreed that 100 students
should be sent to American colleges,
80 each year for four years, each stu
den to study abroad for Is years. A
preparatory school for one years
preparation of the candidates was
opened in Shanghai. Nine-tenths of
the young men, who were drafted
from respectable families, some of
which We're middle class, were south
ern Chinese. The northerners still
held back. The first batch was taken
to Springfield, Mass, and sent to live
with private families, but three years
later a building for their use was put
up in Hartford. Owing to reports
that the young men We're imbibing
revolutionary ideas too freely they all
We're recalled in 1881. About SO We're
given small government posts, while
the other shifted for themselves.
Lii Hung Chang, viceroy of Chilli,
began plans for the Tientsin univer-
sity in 1887 and awarded the presi-
dency to DR.. Charles D. Tenney, an
American later Chinese secretary of
the American legation at Picking, and
now United States consul general at
Marking. 1t was not opened until
1895, when funds were guaranteed
from the China Merchants Steamship
Navigation company and customs and
telegraph profits. In November, 1893,
Ii Hung Chang founded the first gov
ernmental medical college in China.
Abou this time secondary schools
preparatory to college study were es-
tablished at various points about the
land. Nan Yang college was opened
at Shanghai in 1897. with DIR. John c..
Ferguson, an American, as president.
Viceroy Chang Chin Tung of W.
chang brought owe a couple Of Cor
nell men to start an agricultural COL
lege, but nothing Vas done, owing to
mutual MISUNDERSTANDING.
China's defeat by Japan in 1895 was
the only thing needed to convince the
Chinese that they must be up and
doing in the way of the west. The
colleges became cOngested with eager
pupils, even old and distinguished
Confucian scholars sitting beside boys
in an effort to learn English. A re-
form club which was organized in
Picking grew so powerfully that it was
suppressed by the government within
a month, only to be revived by the
government itself soon thereafter. In
all these reforms the people led, the
government reluctantly followed.
Thus event We're shaping toward
the Hundred Days of Reform
~leaunched in 1898 by the young EN-
peror Kuang Hsu, who knew a little
English n had read parts OF the
Bible, On June II he ordered the
making of an imperial university at
once. saying:
Our scholars are without solid and
practical education; our artisans are
without scientific Instructors; when
compared with other countries we soon
see the glazing difference between our
strength and the strength of others;
and when we compare the ready
wealth of this empire with that of
other countries. the difference Is still
greater to u detriment. Changes