davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
UNDER FIVE MILES IN LENGTH
England Has No Fewer Than Ten
Railroads With a Traekaoe That
10 insignificant.

Altogether there are ten railroads In
various parts Of the country which are
under five miles in length. The short
est line is that OF the Felixstowe Dock
and Railroad company, which runs
from the Great Eastern line at Felix.
stowe Beach station. In Suffolk. down
to Felixstowe dock. 1t is only 726 yards
long, it's entire rolling stock consisting
of IL freight cars
The next shortest Is the Milford Ha-
ven Dock company's railroad. which is
only a mile and a quarter in length.
and which was opened In 1882. 1t runs
from Milford Haven on the Great
Western roalroad to Newton Noyes
pier, and its rolling stock consists OF
one locomotive and 21 freight cars.
The Stockbridge railroad Is one
mile seven furlongs in length. and has
one locomotive. two passenger car.
riages and 68 freight cars. It runs
from Deepcar. near Sheffield. on the
Great Central. to Stockbridge.
The Rye & Cambridge Steam tram
way is two and half miles long, and
possesses two locomotives, two pas
senger coaches and three freight cars.
while the South Shields. Marsden d
Whitburn railroad 10 a mile and three
quarters long. and runs from South
Shields to Witburn colliery. says the
English Railway Magazine.
In Cumberland there Is the Rowrah
& Kelton Fell Mineral railroad. three
miles long, which connects with the
Furness railroad.
The nearest Of these tiny railroads
to London is the Corringham Light
railroad. which starts at Covingham.
about three miles from Stanford.le-
Hope. In Essex. and runs to Kynoch.
town. The rolling stock consists OF
two locomotives, two passenger vehi'
cles and ten freight cars.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
REACzD zAl7E NrDERN0N

you would expect to throw a stone upon Its sur
face with ease. The guide said 1t was a full
three miles away
Lake McDermott Wednesday.
We have seen many beautiful sights, but the
unanimous verdict on reaching camp tonight was
that the days ride had been the most beautiful
ride Of all: at which Tom Dawson. the veteran
chief guide. only smiled. He Is used to these
tenderfoot raptures why" he said you
haven't seen anything to speak OF yet. This 10
only the beginning"
Beautiful Lake Sherbourne was passed at a
canter for the tenderfeet by this time have be-
come hardened to the saddle and each riders
pany is his best friend Toward evening we
came upon q new and strange sight. BY the
remnants Of a grassgrown stage road we reached
a group Of log houses, larger and more preten-
tious than most. The guide explained:
This ia Allyn, a dead town. 1t was built up
by a copper mining prospect. but the prospect
was only a pocket. and the pocket soon gave out.
Then everybody went away. 1t has been desert.
ed ten years"
We left Allyn behind and in few minutes
were in quite a different spot. The Lake Nc.
Dermott chalets are grouped about waterfall,
around which the mountains stand sentinel.
Their SUBMITS as we saw them first we're flushed
with pink In the evening light, and inspired new
adjectves OF admiration. all too weak
Lake McDermott Friday.
Yesterday we rode to Iceberg lake and saw
our park in still another guise. We passed
through forest OF giant Christmas trees with
the snow thick upon their branches and the
whole world green beneath then skirted the
steepest mountains encountered in all our travel
hitherto climbed the famous Golden Stairs, and
at last reached valley where on three sides
huge cliffs looked down upon sapphire lake set
In a sea Of white On one side glacier centu-
ries old moves an inch or so year down the
steep rocks, its waters feding the lake. whose
surface is dotted with huge cakes OF Ice. The
hottest day in August is cool at Iceberg lake,
and finds the glacial fragments floating there as
though It were early spring.
Today we travelled to still another beauty
spot. Cracker lake, haunt of the big horn sheep
whose tracks here and there were seen upon the
SHOWS smooth surface. Tomorrow we move on
ward to Lake Mcdonald and homeward.
Lake Mcdonald. Monday.
Here on the parks western border. and by the
side OF the largest-many say the most beautiful
OF all its many lakes-we have spent our last
day Our exploration Is at an end, for here the
outside world makes itself felt again. Hobnailed
boots and khaki, short skirt and sweater here
meet the habiments of civilization upon com
mon footing.
We said goodbye to our trusty ponies yester
day and today we tramped It TO the Roval Gorge
and waterfall. which are McDonald's chief beau
ties.
Most OF the folk who have been I" IN" rnrI
ure going back there. Our own west also has IL
spell.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
Cape to Cairo Rival.

The French project for trans-Af.
rican railroad from Algiers to Cape
Town. using the Belgian-English line
from Stanleyville to Cape Town. has
taken definite form. In January. says
the Scientific and Mining Press. an
expedition to make preliminary
survey from Colomb Bechar the pres
ent southern terminus Of the Algerian
railroad. to Lake Tchad, started out
from the former point. The engineers
believe that the crossing Of the So
hara desert presents no unsurmount-
able difficulties. From Lake Tchad
the line will presumably follow the
divide between the Share and Nile
basins and will enter the Belgian
Kongo at Semio on the Bomu river.
from there going to Stanleyville.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
FAULTY RAIL ALWAYS PERIL
Probably Worst Danger Known 70
Raiiroadino. and Constant Watch
fuiness Only Minin,izes II.

Only a few days ago broken rail-
caused a railroad accident which
might easily have resulted in serious
loss to life. A passenger train was
derailed and by miracle the cars
came to a standstill just before pilinS
over the edge OF bank into a swollen
river. This Is an illustration OF the
peril Of the unsound rail.
During the three months ended jan
uary 1 Of the current year 1857 per-
sons were killed and 51,323 were in
jured on steam railroads in the United
States. There were 1859 collisions and
2.135 derailments. Passenger trains
were concerned in 229 Of the collisions
and 1874 Of the derailments.
The property losses reached the to-
tai Of $3.40S,953, and this sum COW
cred only the damage to the rolling
stock. etc. belonging to the railroads.
Calculated at this rate the railroads
would suffer annually in this manner .
loss Of substantially $14.0OO.O00. and
the public has to pay for this In the
end. The additional sums th"t would
be involved in lawsuits and the pay
ment Of damage claims would run the
aggregate yearly drain. due to negli-
gence or mechanical failures, into
many millions Of dollars more.
Broken rails and fractured wheels
were mainly responsible for the cas-
ualties, and II per cent. OF all OF tho
derailments were occasioned by de-
fective roadway or equipment. while
nearly "a per cent. Of the derailments
were caused by broken rails. Shat
tered or fractured wheels were &C.
countable for 26.5 per cent. Of the de-
railments.
Collisions can mostly be avoided
through proper alertness on the part
Of responsible employees, but there Is
something insidious about the peril Of
the faulty rail. To the casual eye Of
the track walker the rail may be
seemingly sound, and yet within the
substance Of its head or the thinner
material Of the supporting web catas-
trophe may be lurking. Unseen, the
steel may be yielding and at the next
blow the rail may be shattered and
speeding train hurled from Its course.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

trot and for the moment saddle soreness
forgotten. This was Two Medicine. the end Of
the first stage Of our journey.
Cutbank Camp. Friday.
Leaving Two Medicine. We rode away in
golden morning. light hoar frost sprnkled the
grass. The sun was rolling q curtain OF white
mist upward from the violet sides of Rising Wolf
mountain.
Upward the trail wound. the horses picking
their way fallen trees. now dipping into
yeasty hollows. now climbing a slippery bank
One rode at an angle Of As degrees forward and
backward. alternately. The trees grew thinner
and scrubber-"Natures stunted step-children."
the official tenderfoot poet called them-and the
trail sleeper until We emerged aloft. almost at
the timber line. Presently were riding In a
furry Of snowhakes that hid mountain and valley
cloud rift letting through CLEAN Of sunlight
revealed our snow falling as rain in the valley
below.
Noon came and luncheon. It was hardly more
than four hours since breakfast, yet hungry eyes
watched the preparations until at length was
heard a call which for music grateful to the ear
will never be equaed In the Metropolitan Opera
House.
That call consists Of four syllables-grace
notes they might be called IL this were any sub
ject for mere frivolty 1t runs like this:
"Co.ome an git IT,"
It Is the park summons to meals. The rush
follows
We got IT," and proceeded on our way new.
heartened, though the weather had still a new
variation for The last section OF the eighteen
miles from Two Medicine was traversed through
heavy drizzle, and the going was heavy.
Lake st. Mary's Saturday.
We had started from Cutbank In better trim
than on the day before. and were riding more
at east. Around the bend In the trail ahead
swept a band OF painted Indians drums beating
and eagle feathers streaming in the breeze A
few PAGES from our leading file they reined in
their ponies. formed line. and made cultural
sounds OF uncertain import George Star, Black
foot interpreter, trotted to the front
Chief Two Guns" announced Mr.. Starr. indi.
eating a stalwart Indian In beaded buckskin and
chiefs war bonnet. "Chief Jim White Calf )"
indicating another handsome Indian, both sons
OF old man White Calf, dead now--great chief.
They come to welcome you to park. Big Moon,
medicine man" Mr. Big Moon nodded pleasantly.
For three days he makes medicine to have fine
weather while you're in park"
The Narrows, Upper st. Marys Lake,
Monday.
Leaving the horses to be picked up later we
Journeyed today by motor launch up St. Mary's
lake to this point, where still new phase OF this
western scenery presents itself. The lake mar
rows as you ascend, and the mountains come
closer. becoming as 1t were on more intimate
terms with humanity. Very near seemed theil
brown sides, banded with gray and black, and
snow-covered submits. In the clear air. A tin,
glacier In . narrow gulch oked SO close thai
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
Railway over the Moraine, Showing
the Ice on the Left.

readjustment Of the whole system Of
support; once even the abutment Of
bridge sliud 1S inches toward the
river. and a new one had to be built
As these difficulties are renewed every
summer. 1t IL very expensive to main
tain the way. and the speed OF the
trains must be kept very low. although
the passengers are never In danger, as
q very close watch Is necessarily kept
Of the road.
what makes the upkeep OF the road
still more risky Is the possibility of q
forward movement of the glacier. The
road would be destroyed and all traffic
stopped. for there would be no possible
way OF getting out. After the period Of
immunity Of 67 years. which Is attest
ed by the vegetation. a movement Of
this kind may take place any day"
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

The use of steel ties on foreign
railroads is not universally success
full. Mr., Braet. engineer in chief of
the Belgian State railways. informs
Engineering News that the steel ties
are unsatisfactory under high speed
traflc. The Netherlands State Rail.
ways company has abandoned their
use because Of the expense. Engi.
neering authority In this country dis.
countenance them. stating that none
OF the foreign steel ties In Use are
strong enough to bear the heavy
trains and the driving axle loads OF
80 900 and 10000 pounds on the Amer
lean trunk line railways
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

Digest, Prof. Laurence Martin. CHIEF
Of the National Geographical society's
Alaskan expedition, describes this
part of the road and recounts the dan
gers that Is running In its risky loca-
ton. Fortunately, glaciers move
slowly. and there is little peril In any
sudden catastrophe. Writes Professor
Martin:
During our visit in 1909 the ice was
the terminal glacier; 1t was no longer
seen a year later, although 1t could be
brought to light by digging slightly. In
1909 the railroad had been built on a
sort Of a shield Of morainic ballast en-
cased in the ice, which had been
opened up with dynamite. 1t was
found to be seriously changed In 1910,
the sinking due to the melting OF the
ice varying from two to three feet in
one place and to six or even eight feet
in others. The railroad men had
endeavored to repair the damage by
Nowhere else In the wOrld-at least
to our knowledge--has a railroad line
been constructed for nearly seven
miles on the edge Of still active gla-
cier. Here the layer Of ballast which
supports the ties and rails lies directly
on the ice, and not. as at the Heney
glacier. several miles to the north. on
q solid moraine.
This perilous situation gives rise to
tn
melting Of the Ice displaces the profile
Of the road; sometimes there are
formed new streams. which involve q
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

down through the heart Of the continent to the
year-long summer lands Of Mexico.
Eighty lakes. sapphire and opal and diamond
clear. In the varying lights reflect the blue west
ern sky Threescore living glaciers, green with
the depths OF ice that endures season after sea.
son. lies the the hoows OF the giant peaks
Crystal streams descend In countless waterfalls
over the brown rocks and break the silence OF
the forest trails.
In these mountains. left save for a few trails
as they were before the first white men pushed
their way across the plains to the further ocean,
the wild things OF that early wilderness still find
q refuge
Accustomed to think OF Montana ms n state OF
cattle ranges. big wheat crops and the home OF
copper. we know nothing Of this part OF it-ths
land of delight Yet we. In common with some
100000 Of other Americans, are its owners.
Congress. In one Of its moments OF wisdom two
years ago. set 1t aside as national possession
to be. as Chief Two Guns said. "a playground for
all the people. rich and poor, white and Indian
forever"
It 10 now Glacier National park. and there are
some 1.40O square miles within Its borders, You
may roam through It for a month and never
tread the same ground twice
It was by pony travel that party Of eastern
tenderfeet fresh from occupations in which ex.
ercise II at q discount and locomOton is mostly
by street car, explored the park few weeks ago.
They emerged from two weeks exile. after
some tribulation. hard as nails and healthy as
savages. This dairy is q brief record Of their
experiences:
Two Medicine, Mont, Thursday
Il 10 eight miles from the park gateway at Mid.
vale to the first chalet at Two Medicine But
these are Montana miles. and as Old Philadelphia
said II they would only sell you land on the Mon
tana measurement and let you resell 1t on the
eastern scale 1t would be a mighty satisfactory
transaction. The trail led over several small
streams and on through forests Of pine and
scrub oak. But always 1t led upward. little
nearer the snowcapped mountains inclosing the
green ahead, The pace dropped to an easy walk.
the horses feet fell noiselessly upon the thick
pine needless and scarcely a sound disturbed the
forest peace. Late afternoon came all too soon
sudden turn in the trail brought into view
pretty leg chalet beside a deep blue lake, the
mountains coming down to its very edge. Smoke
cured from the cook house chimney. suggesting
good things to eat The ponies broke into
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

Montana,
That's a pretty good place to stay.
Well always think when we're far away.
OF Montana.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
Expanding Screw to Spike Rails to Ties

For attaching raIIS 10 tIeB On rHII'
roads q Frenchman has invented q
screw that Is said to hold tighter
than anything yet devised. 1t Is In
two parts: First a hollow screw. open
at the lower end. slit short distance
up the sides and having a worm in
side as we'll as outside. This ia
screwed into the hole In the tie. Into
It is screwed the second part, which
Is a solid screw. conical In shape. As
this is driven home It forces the low
er end OF the hollow screw apart,
making It spread and become wider
below than above. thus biting the
wood of the tie In a way that makes
II ipextricable.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

oCNCh hiiiCo oNSt
the lower end OF
the Allen glacier,
partly covered in
this part with
moraines and veg.
citation. although
at points the Ice
is visible. In an
article contribut.
ed to La Nature.
says the Literary
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
Song of the Glacials.

HE particular part Of Montana
about which this song was sung
lies In the far northwest corner Of
the state. where the Rocky noun.
tains. their submits covered with
eternal snow. their bases clothed
In pine forests OF perpetual green.
sWung over the Canadian horder
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14

Not His Fate to Ole In Wreck.
Los Angeles has a mail clerk. p.
d. Popenoe, who has survived forty
railroad wrecks.
The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-14
RUNS OVER ICE FIELD
RoADsED OF ALASKAN RAILROAD
RESTS ON GLACIER.
Builders Admit Situation Has its Per.
ils, Though There 10 Little DAN
Ger Of Sudden Catastrophe-
Minor Accidents Frequent.

An Alaskan railroad. the Copper Riv-
er & Northwestern. runs for nearly
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-16
INSPECTOR FINDS burst
H0PF|ELDs INsAN|TARY
Harry German Says Camp
Water Was Allowed to
Stand Until Stagnant

SACRAMENTO. Aug. 15.--In a re-
port filed with Secretary Snow Of the
state board Of health, Harry German,
an inspector from the state board, and
DR.. J. III. Barr. county health officer Of
Marysville. Yuba county. have outlined
the sanitary conditions that existed at
the burst hop fields at Wheatland.
where a riot occurred August A. in
which four people were killed.
Inspector German in his report says:
AT several places in thes camp water
was allowed to stand long enough to
get stagnant, close to the pump that
supplied the drinking water for the
people of the camp. The toilets, about
10 in number tbeing an increase of 6
since August - are close to the water
that the people drink from.
German reports that he found a num-
ber OF sick people in the camp who
had not received attention.
Doctor Barr In his first report Che
is now working on his second) says he
found sanitary conditions at the camp
neither neat nor dirty. He said there
was an ample supply of water from the
wells; that the toilets used in the
fields were moved about as the picking
progressed and were not insanitary;
that burst Brothers were building more
toilets and were making other sanitary
changes.
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-16
FINDS BRITAIN BEHIND
! INDIAN OPIUM INTERESTS
Delegate Starts Home From
London to Report Fail
ure of Mission

LONDON. Aug. 15.-Lieutenant Gem
eral Chang. delegate of the National
Opium Prohibition union of China, who
has been in England for three months
endeavoring to induce the British gov
ernment to release China from her OBJ
legation to receive any more Indian
opium, started today for China to re-
port to Provisional President Yuan
Shih Kai the failure of his mission.
In statement issued to the British
public today, General Chang said:
Our people are in earnest in their
efforts to rid themselves of the opium
evil, and they can not help feeling re-
sentiment against a country which is
forcing upon US the very article by
which we were degraded and dis
graced. 1t is intolerable when we re-
fleet we are sacrificing millions of rev.
enue and hundreds of lives in strug-
Cling against enormous difficulties that
a foreign country should force us to
receive for two or three years longer
the poison we earnestly are striving to
stamp out
The lieutenant general concluded by
appealing to the British friends of
China ito do their utmost to induce the
British government to join With us in
removing the root of wrong and in pro-
noting righteousness in the world.
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-16
JANE ADDAMS
SCORES LAWS
MADE BY men
Reformer Says Uninforned
Legislators Distort Human
itarian Measures Into
Injurious Statutes

WASHINGTON. Aug. 15.-Miss Jane
Addams of Chicago tonight addressed a
mass meeting. marking the conclusion
OF conference here OF the National
Council of Women Voters, representing
about 100000 feminine voters in sew
eral western states.
Urging the need for universal woman
suffrage, Miss Adams declared that
wcsssl should have the franchise, not
only to bring about intelligent human
itarian legislation. but in order to be
in position to follow IL into intelli-
gent enforcement
More than one woman can recall
she said, some cherished project that
has been so modified by uninformed
legislators during the process of legal
enactment that the law finally passed
injured the very people It was meant
to protect.
DISTORTED LAWS
"She has discovered that the unrep-
resented are always liable to be given
what they do not need by legislators,
who merely wish to placate them. A
child labor law exeElpts street trades,
the most dangerous OF all trades to
the child's morals. law releasing
mothers from petty industry that they
may rear worthy children provides so
Inadequate a pension that oyerbur-
ucHeu WOiHen cOHlln uS " idNC tAo
necessity OF neglecting their young In
order to feed them.
That women police and juvenile ofH-
GERS and feminine presiding officers of
marital relations and moral courts
carrying out the orders of men may
come to be a travesty on what women
charged with responsibility could ac-
complish. -
MEASURES INDORSED
The final session of, the council to-
day discussed plans for the new bu-
reau OF political education for women
voters Miss Helen Todd OF San Fran
cisco was placed in charge OF the bu-
reau. which will undertake to mold
into a cohesive body the constantly in
creasing number Of feminine voters
in this country.
The council indorsed motherhood
pensions, minimum wages for women
health certificates for marriage, work
ing mems compensation act, extension
of the eight hour law, teachers pen
sions, the 'red light" law, or Iowa In
junction and aboiishrnent law. indus
trial training schools for delinquent
girls and anti capital punishment laws.