The chronicle=news., 1913-07-30

Kleinkugel. Germany. July 20
Operations of a cooperative dairy
society have been studied here by a
subcom mittee of the American Com
mission on Agricultural Co.operation.
Members of the society own in all
about $50 cows. Each member Is re-
quired to own At least two cows and
10 take out at least one share Of
stock costing 33.o0. However. many
OF the, men beis own more than the
required two cows. and purchase one
share OF stock for each two cows.
One OF the members who received the
Conn mIssioners owned 30 COWS and
S3s worth OF stock.
The milk OF the members is
brought each day to the dairy by the
members themselves. The dairy Is
operated to make a small profit. hut
this margin Ia simply u guard against
losses and no, means TO pay divi-
dends to the members. Al the pres.
ent time the society has not paid off
The mortgages on Its buildings and
50 the profits. after portion are
placed In q reserve fund. are paid as
interest and principal on these loans.
Members OF the dairy receive cash for
their milk from the dairy. II 10
bonsh, according to the percentage
Of butter fat which 1t contains. The
buttermiik and Akimm-d milk L. re-.
turned 10 tn. farmers for cheese
making and food for hogs. In an
other yiiia.. the Commissioners saw
. cooperative dairy where the hogs
were kept by tn" society. and where
ch--s. was manufactured.
Bceans" Of superior quality Of hut.
ter made at the cooperative dairy. as
compared TO butter mad. on the
farms. the price obiainc for co.op.
ersiiv- butter averages about u; per
cen, above the market price. Tho
cost ~ making is considerably re-.
duced 40 that the Increased returns
In the memb-rS are satisfactory.
Dealers In butter are required to pay
. local tax. bu, because Of the ro-
operative and non-profit scckin.
character Of this dairy no tar is re-
ouired unless the dairy wishes IN
purchase milk from outside farmers.
All nembrrs of sh- dairy are re.
quired to supply all Of their milk. not
required for rs as home. 10 the CO.
operative dairy.
The manager os the dairy who ~.
peased before the Commissioners said
that his salary Was Si;o n year. with
= free house. free butter ard milk al.
lowed. Vet ne was y trained dairy
man and n graduate of on. OF ih.
German dairy schools. lie told tho
Commission something Of these
school. In which the Germans place
.Arest store. In every German town
there 10 one school In which dsiryinr
10 taught. When the children ate
fourteen years old. II they have de-
eidcd TO become dairy farmers. thcy
enter this school. The children are
ses si their work even vt an earlier
ase for they must rccci," a prrlim-
mary irainins at a dairy before they
enter the school. There was one pu.
rii at the cooperative dairy .rr-par-
Ing himself I" enter the dairy school.
II u not. Of course. child labor. hut
simply vocational education carried
on In connection with other school
training. The efficiency of the Ger.
man aEricui,utisis and artisans il he.
lievcd To res, largely upon this train.
Ing. though from the American
standpoint objection might be made
TO IL on the ground that to train n
child TO manual labor from ~ carly
an age Ia apt to create classes within
a, country.
The importance of the cooperative
credit socictirx In the development -:
other cooperative enterprises WI.