Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1913-11-01
" l.. hOt NG OF plklNn SPEAKS
ON Din FARMING BEFORE
FARM CONGRESS.
rainfall OVER THREE.


KING China, before the trrnational
Dry Farming congress serday
, Mr.. Chairman l.aui, : nd Gentle-
men; In the first Instant. again
wish to convey To YOU the deep re-
hret OF my minister and of the de
Hrlmcnt that We have been unable
To- place any Of our drS farming prod
ucts ON exhibition on this occasion
as We did last year But ! am eN-
cecdlngh gratfied To have the oppor-
Wulty Of visiting this prosperous city
ana meeting SO many prominent men
who have doue and are doing 80
much for the purposes you have met
to further
I'm the capacity of official repre-
sentative OF China. | desire to relate
to You some ~ our experiences. Be
fore doing so, | will compare the geo
graphic and climatic conditions of
nina with those Of the United States
china Hes 20 degrees and 30 degrees
latitude, while the United states lies
mainly between 30 degrees and so de-
srees, China ls stretc he'd out a few
'''AN+ - 'iiiA'H hl AllfA HOnAl, Nllllt
the United States is several degrees
further north. The positions OF these
TWO cQ .ft rffnrent
the ~ "iYs sc .ns n China as f.
whole lrHs ger Jhaa the United states
but China mas ueur'y PCS sn
area or even more ,nnn the uniteu
states which receives less than 20
inches annual rainfall South Of
China has a rainfall OF about IS TO
so inches, he most coming during
summer ana spring IN the central
part we have an annual rainfall Of
some 80 inches; further north near
the coast of the yellow sea about "a
inches, while still further up. IN the
northwestern part, along Mongolia,
the annual rainfall is less than 20
Inches. In most parts Of Mongolia
and Tibet the country is unusually
dry, which receives more or less than
10 Inches Of annual rainfall. The
people in this region often suffer
from drought While the people IN
the portion where rainfall between
10 to 20 Inches is the average farm
mostly by old dry farming methods.
II IS ofn highly perfected, developed
ago and have been hand
ed down to the present day.
DRY farming IN China, repeat,
has been carried out successfully and
continuously for many centuries The
value Of deep plowlng and intensive
are appreciated by most
of our farmers. Most Of them know
that deep aI~plowing permits much
Of the rain water and melting snow
II any) to enter the soil and become
stored there until needed by the
plants and prevent the evaporation
of moisture from the soil.
In the northern part OF China and
most Of the dry farming regions
planting Is In rows, usually with two
or three different grains. More fire.
quenty two rows of millet, corn or
kaoliang alternated with soy beans
these crops are chosen because they
are the most drough ,-resisting crops
The rows are usually from 25 to 80
inches apart, with high ridges. This
gives more sunshine to the
plants, and probably larger number
Of plants to the acre. and also gives
the roots better distribution In the
soil. In many places the gaps be-
tween corn or millet are filled with
SOY beans. Thus the nitrogen gathered
from the soil air in the root nodules
Is more immeditely utilized, because
they die and undergo the process OF
during the same season,
v hile the crops are sull on the
ground and the compounds Of phos-
phOrus and potassium are liberated
by this decay, 80 become available to |
plant food
We all know that agriculture Is
the foundation Of the prosperity and !
happiness Of every nation. Success
ful agriculture IS impossible in the !
present condition OF the earth's sur
face without some kind OF fertilizers,
especially on the dry farm II has
been properly said that manure even
more than money forms an integral |
part Of a nations wealth
Commercial fertilizers are little |
tnown In China; we have maintained |
he fertility OF our soil and its pro
iuctlve power Tor many centuries by |
Utilizing all waste materials, such as |
mud, ashes. green matter and human |
and animal manures. In the south |
and central part of the country, |
where there are numerous rivers,
ponds, canals and bitches, muds are |
from their beds and carried
lirectly to the field, or they are dried |
and finely pulverzied. mixed with
manure or organic matter and then
applied TO the field Ashes Of all
vegetation matter which we used as
fuel are saved for making compost
Human and animal, cold and liquid
manures, are collected and carefully /