davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

tBy W. ]. SPILI.MAN, Chief of Farm
Management, United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
At no time in the history Of this
country has there been so much in
terest in farming on the part Of
city peopls as there is at the pres
ent time. In nearly all large cities
courses OF lectures in agriculture are
being given under various auspices,
and the attendance is taxing the Ca
pacity OF the largest available audi
forums. At the same time there is
a remarkable increase in attendance
in the agricultural classes in the col
leges. The causes OF this movement
back to the land are many.
First has been the work OF the COL
leges, and especially of the expert
ment stations, in getting at the prin-
ciples involved in agriculture.
Second, President Roosevelt's coun-
try life commission had a great deal
to do in awakening public sentiment
on this question and in giving agri-
culture standing in the social life
Of the city. This commission was the
butt of the newspaper funny man and
the cartoonist, but it aroused public
interest in matters agricultural as
nothing else has ever done.
1t has opened all the popular maya
zines and all the important newspa-
pers of the country. and one scarcely
picks up one of these nowadays with
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

profits from good cows secured in this
way will pay for a good bull in a
short time. This is the cheapest way
Of building up herd and there can
be no failing II common sense and
good Judgment are used as to the Sc
lection of the bull. The Babcock
tester will keep JUS straight on the
value of the COWS, because they can
not dodge the test. 1t is infallible,
and the poor COW that brings down
the average of the herd cannot hide
her shortcomings. The tester shows
her up every time.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
KEEP FARM FLOCK HEALTHY
Sheep Thrive Much Better When Their
skins Are ciean-Good Dip
Also Improves Wool.

Dipping is essential to good flock
management. No farmer should at
tempt to raise sheep without planning
to dip them at least annually and in
most cases twice year. according to
the advice of H. E. Allen of the Indi-
ana Agricultural college. When sheep
are brought to the farm from other
flocls, and especially when trans
ported there by railroads. they should
be thoroughly dipped before allowed
to mingle with the rest of the flock.
Experience has taught sheepmen
that sheep thrive much better when
their skins are clean, and it has been
clearly demonstrated that a good
dip increases the quantity and i'm
proves the quality of the wool. 1t is
impossible for lambs infested with
ticks or other parasites to thrive prop
erly, owing to the constant irritation
set up. In trying to get relief lambs
often nibble at the fleece and swallow
small portions of wool with fatal re-
suits. A good and regular system of
dipping the entire flock is money well
expended. Hence most of the leading
1ockmasters dip twice in the year
once in the spring and again in the
fall
The object of dipping is to destroy
the parasites in the fleece, such 90
scab mites and sheep ticks and
lice, and to prevent subsequent at
tacks from the same. In England,
where sheep raising has attained its
highest state Of perfection, dipping is
required by law at least twice a year
While dipping may not be done at
any season, it should, If possible. be
avoided in cold weather for obvious
reasons. The most favorable time for
the spring dipping is a few days
after shearing time. By this time the
ticks will have largely transferred
from the ewes to the lambs. At this
time comparatively little material is
needed. If the flock is badly infested
it is important to repeat the operation
in ten days in order to destroy the in
sects that have Matched during the
interval The flock should again be
treated in the fall, so as to go into
winter free from parasites.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
BUILDING UP A HERD
Robber Cows Should Be Disposed
of When Discovered.
Cheapest Way to Insure Profits 10 to
Use Common Sense and Good
Judgmentln Selection Of Sire
-Tester Is infaIlibte.
By R. g. wEArHERsToNE.l


With butter selling to the city Gus
toner at 40 cents pound, and the
price of feed for dairy COWS soaring
upward every month, the question of
the robber cow becomes more interest
ing every day. How any man can go
along feeding a lot of scrub cows that
cost more than they earn is beyond
comprehension. If you have ten cows
and the tester shows four OF them do
not produce enough milk to pay for
their keep, why not sell them and put
the proceeds into one good cow-one
that will not only save the loss of the
robber cows, but earn a net profit of
from $50 to $50 year? That is good
business sense, isn't it?
Here are some championship milk
and butterfat records that you may
want to refer to some time when you
want to know the possibilities OF milk
and butter production: Jacoba Irene,
Jersey cow, made a record of 1888
pounds of milk testing 5.5 per cent.
butterfat, $3.50 pounds; Rena Ross,
AYRSHIRE cow, 15,072 pounds of milk,
testing 4.26 per- cent. butterfat, equal
ing 6.432 pounds In year; Holstein
cow, Colaptha Fourth's Johanna,
27,432.5 pounds Of milk, testing S.64
per cent. butterfat, equal to 1896
pounds in year; Yeksa Sunbeam,
Guernsey COW, 14,920S pounds Of
milk, testing STA per cent. butterfat,
equal to 857.15 pounds in year. In
computing the butter yield. add Is per
cent. to the butterfat records. These
are possible yields under the best con-
ditions by something less than one
COW in a million.
OF course, we cannot all own such
COWS as these, but we can buy an oc.
casional bull calf from these strains
and by crossing him with good grade
cows build up a. milk profit herd and
never miss the cost The universal
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

Artichokes on Long Island veaeta-
Bile farm. Easy to grow and always
In demand in the large cities, where
they command good prices.
out finding something relating to
farming. In other words, agricultural
is now the social lion.
In the third place the character OF
current agricultural literature has
had much to do with the present stu
alton. This literature is immensely
more practical than that of genera
ton ago.
In recent years 1t has given espe-
cial attention to cases OF highly sue
cessful farming which are to be
found scattered here and there all
over the country, and the impression
has become general that by the utili-
cation of the information cleaned by
scientists in their Investigations farm
ing can be made highly Profitable.
Furthermore, the man who has
made a distinct success on the farm
may now become national character
through the agricultural press. That
is, there is a chance for a man to
make a career on the farm.
The marked success OF few city
men who have undertaken farming
has also had an effect, and the adver-
tisement these men have received has
influenced a great many city people.
In addition to these Influences, there
is an inherited love of the human race
for the natural. for the woods and
fields and the prairies.
Some time ago the writer was driv-
ing with a party of city people
through a beautiful wooded section of
Maryland, on a warm spring day.
when a gentle rain was falling The
leaves we're all washed clean and
there was an odor of the forest steam
ing up from the ground.
AS we rode along the whole party
was silent, every one looking off into
the woods. Some one asked, why is
It that it looks SO good to all of u?
Another replied: 1T has not been
so very long since our ancestors lived
out there. THAT had been their home
since the time when they hung by
their tails from the branches OF the
trees"
However true or false this explana-
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
LITTLE SLEEP FOR ELEPHANT
Beast Never Lies Down in It's Whole
Life, Is Common Theory-AIways
on Feet.

1T is doubted whether, in the wild
state, elephants ever lie down, says a
writer in Harper's Weekly. Gordon
Cumming thought he had found evil
dence. in marks upon the ground, that
the adult bulls did stretch themselves
out at full length for a few hours
rest at about midnight; but he con-
tended that the young and the COWS
always remained on their feet.
Another authority, Selous, has ex-
pressed doubt whether even the old
bulls lie down. He tells of one herd
that was known to have kept NOV
ing and feeding throughout the TWEEN
ty-four hours. Except when rolling
in mud and water" he says. ut is
likely that an African elephant never
lies down in its whole life"
However this may be, the most COM
petent authorities seem to agree that
this animal sleeps less and more light
ly than any other. ]. L. Kipling, the
father of the writer has estimated the
period of slumber taken standing up
to average about four hours in the
been employed by the son in an anus
ing passage for one of his stories.
Mott Guj," wherein the sleep of the
elephant is represented as consisting
of an hours fidgeting on one side and
a similar periods fidgeting on the
other, followed throughout the rest of
the night by long, low, rumbling
soliloquies."
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
MARTYNIA IS QUITE USEFUL
Uncommon Vegetable Has UndeserV-
eddy Become UnpopuIar-Excel-
celIent With Mixed Pickles.
(By HUGO ERIcHsEN1


In the mind Of the average gard
ener, be he urban. suburban or rural.
the culture of vegetables is associated
with drudgery which Is in no wise
diverting. and yet, IL one only deviates
from the beaten paths and is not
afraid to grow things that are decid-
eddy uncommon, as much fun can be
had in the kitchen garden as in
Flora's domain, and no little profit.
One of the uncommon vegetables
have grown is the martynia,
The martynia, known to our fore
fathers as the martinoes, has unde-
servedly become unpopular. Perhaps
the disagreeable odor of its gloxinia-
like flowers, and the peculiar shape
Of the hairy seed-pods that succeed
them had something to do with it's
disfavor.
The latter are responsible for two
other designations of this vegetable
curiosity, for in England, where it is
grown extensively, it is known as the
unicorn plant and in Mexico. where
1t grows wild, it is called the devils
finger-nails.
The pods are produced in great
abundance and should be gathered
when less than half grown, as they
are worthless after the hardening OF
their substance. They are picked in
vinegar like cucumbers and are very
useful in putting up mixed pickles.
The plants require considerable
warmth, therefore, the seed should
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
TREATING scoURs IN CALVES
Common Disease, Caused by Indiaes-
ton, May Be Traced to Faulty
or Irregular Feeding.

Two kinds of scours affect young
calves, common scours, which are
caused by Indigestion, and white
scours, or calf cholera.
Calf cholera Is contagious, but if a
calf gets the disease, it will occur a
few days after birth. II the pens are
kept clean there is not much danger
from this disease, usually. Stalls used
for calving purposes should be care
fully disinfected after calf is born.
Common scours, which are caused
by Indigestion, are much more com
mon. The indigestion may be traced
to faulty methods OF feeding, the most
common of which are: Overlooking,
cold milk. sour milk, irregular feeding,
dirty pals and dirty stables. When
calf shows signs Of the scours, the
milk supply should be reduced one
half, and the amount gradually in
creased as the calf shows signs of
improvement. This usually will cure
them. but If 1t does not, feed about a
tablespoonful of soluble dried blood,
and stir in we'll with the milk. Dried
blood not only acts as a tonic, but it
has some food value, and is often fed
even when the calves do not have the
scours.
If the calves have the scours very
bad, the formalin treatment Is good.
Add one-half ounce of formalin to
Is ounces of distilled water to make
the solution. Then add one teaspoon
full of this mixture to each pint of milk
that is fed. This method is very effec-
tive.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
shipping Mares and FoaIs.

The best way to ship mares with
young foals at foot is to build par
tition across one end of car, bed the
floor well with good hay and turn
them in loose. says the Horse Breeder.
We have shipped many in that way
and have never had one injured. The
mare that is good mother viii never
step on her foai when it Is lying in the
car. With plenty of good hay for bed
ding mares will not suffer for food
even though the train is delayed few
hours. Water in a clean bucket
should be offered them frequently.
Yearlings and two-year-olds may be
safely shipped in this manner.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
RIDDLES.

What is that which the dead and liv-
ing do at the same time?
They go round with the world.
When do your teeth usurp the func-
tions of the tongue?
When they are chattering.
Why does an aching tooth impose
silence on the sufferer?
Because 1t makes him hold his jaw.
Why is it easy to break into an old
mans house?
Because his gait (gate) is broken
and his locks are few.
Why is your thumb, when putting
on a glove, like eternity?
Because it's eVer-last-in'.
When is a herring like a tired
horse?
When 1t is hard rode.
What is that which is bought by
the yard and worn by the foot?
A carpet.
Why is a wideawake hat so called7
Because it never had a nap, and
never wants any.
What is 1t which comes into the
world at just nice height from the
ground for you to extract its sweet
ness. and yet is both sign of treach-
cry and amity?
A kiss.
why is the lower part of a mans
face shaved in January like a cele-
brated fur?
Because it's g chin-chilly.
What is the difference between a
deer fleeing from its pursuers and a
decrepit witch?
One Is q hunted stag, the other
stunted bag.
What is the naval definition Of
kiss?
A pleasure smeck.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

ton may be, the fact remains that
we have an Unborn instinct which
makes the average man happy out in
an environment which nature has pro-
duced unaided.
Let us first consider those difficult
ties which arise at the very beginning
of the transfer from the city to the
country
/ The first OF these has to do with the
real estate agent. The man who has
lived all his life IL the city Is no
judge of the agricultural value OF a
piece of land.
He does not know what is a fair
price for land under given set of
conditions, hence ne is an easy mark
for real estate agent, and unfortu-
nately some men are engaged in this
business whose word cannot always
be trusted.
Hence man who Is contemplating
a radical move of this kind should
study the matter until he understands
1t. and finally select land in a locality
where there are good markets, where
the soil has possibilities In it, and
where he can get piece OF land at
its real market value.
The second great difficulty lies In
the city mans ignorance of the prtn-
ciples involved in farming. No other
sphere of human activity involves
knowledge of so many principles as
does farming.
A few of the things a man has to
know before he can make a success
of farming are as follows: He must
know how to manage the soil; he
must know when 1t is in condition for
blowing and for the different tiIlage
operations; he must know the value
and use of manure and fertilizers; he
must know how deep to cover differ
ent kinds of seed and the season for
different farm operations.
He must have a pretty general
knowledge OF the types of farming in
order to be able to select type suit
able to his conditions, and there is a
great multitude of them to choose
from.
He must know the amounta of capI-
SoA AOdulACu AOA d gwen AGRICULTURAL
undertaking; also the amount of labor
required. He must know what are the
best varieties Of crops to be planted;
the season for planting and harvesting
these crops; the rate of seeding;
how much work stock is needed, and
how much of other kinds of livestock;
how much feed these animals will
consume.
One of the things which it Is highly
important for the successful farmer to
know is what constitutes a fair days
work on the farm NIf he is ignorant
of this he will be imposed upon by
many hired laborers he is SO unfor-
tunate as to be compelled to employ.
In addition to knowing about the
soil, the capital and labor required,
the varieties of crops to grow, and de-
tails of growing them, he must under
stand the principles of marketing
farm produce.
Fortunately the city man is usually
better qualified for this part of farm
management than Is the average farm
er because he knows more about con-
ditions in the cities, where he must
find his markets.
Copyright. 1913. By c. N. Schultz.}
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
FOR neP n
LIIILIE|lA
ONES 3
PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM WASHER
Hose Arranged to Connect With Spigot
of 5athtub and Sprays Strip
Handy at Home.

For the convenient handling of
Photographic films at home an In
diana man has invented film washer.
This consists of rubber tube that
connects with the spigot of the bath
tub as a bath spray does and has a
slot attachment on the other end. This
attachment consists of two fat lips
that work on the same principle as a
paper clip. They hold one end of the
film and the hose is then hung over a
gas bracket or towel rack or some
similar object so that it is some dis
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
TWO ODD OPTICAL ILLUSIONS
Actual Measurement of Two Figures
Shown viii Prove That They
Are of Exact Size.

The picture on the left represents
two figures in gallery. At first sight
no one would doubt that the man at
the top of the illustration was by far
the taller, but an actual measure
ment of the two figures win show
that they are precisely of the same
height.
The picture on the right gives the
impression that the two thick black
lines are curved, but on examination
1t will be found that they are perfect
ly parallel. The lines which diverge
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

not be sown until the trees are out
in full leaf.
They are planted in rows. or hills
three feet apart each way and should
be thinned out thoroughly, as they re-
quire considerable space. 1t is
good plan to sow the seed in hotbed
and transfer the young plants to the
garden in the latter part OF April or
as soon as the weather is settled.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
PETS FOR THE GROWING BOY
Rabbits, Pigeons and Especially san-
tam Chickens Are Dear to
Heart Of Developing Lad.

tBy PROF. JOHN WILLARD BoLTE }
Farming might be defined as tha
art OF producing valuable crops from
the soil and disposing of these soil
products in a profitable manner, This
definition is lame. academically. but
1t carries our idea.
The backyard farmer must include
great many other factors in his op-
erations. as the peculiarly profits he
derives are of much less Importance
than the identifying of his surround
fngs and of the lives of his entire fam
lily. No intelligent person can live
amid beautiful ennobling scenes with
out being Influenced for the better.
even though it be unconsciously. In
the same manner, bare, sterile, unin-
teresting homes tend to have an ad.
veres effect upon their inhabitants
which will affect. them throughout
their entire lives
Thoughtful people are realizing
more and more that unless the mind
is in sympathy with nature. unless
the garden of each persons inner self
is fertile and responsive to cultiva-
ton. there is small hope of better
ment from outside influence The
adult mind which has been denied
helpful influences may become imper-
vious to them in time, but the hope OF
the race lies in his children.
The child's mind is a fertile gar
den. which cannot produce it's own
flowers and fruit, but which responds
readily to the treatment it receives.
and bears fruit or evil weeds accord
ing to what we plant therein and how
it is cultivated
One of the most beautiful and hope
full things about the whole scheme of
creation is. to our mind, the fact that
every normal child is born square
with the world He inherits neither
his parents bodily or mental diseases
But from the instant he first cries,
his future depends almost absolutely
upon the care he receives.
Parents of children have wonderful
opportunity to better themselves and
the entire world by making their own
children better than their parents.
physically and mentally This is the
only way We have of repaying to our
parents their sufferings and depriva-
tons in bringing US to manhood and
womanhood
There comes a time in every boys
life when the childish amusements no
longer suffice. and he seeks interests
out of doors. This is the time when
the mother ceases to have an eye on
his every movement and he begins to
associate with other boys of his own
age, but of totally different bringing
up, in many cases.
AS far as possible, your boy should
be kept under observation at this
time, as he is at the crucial stage
Make his home more interesting and
have his playmates there, so that you
can see that he is associating with
helpful children, rather than harmful
ones.
Nothing serves to make home inter
esting to boys at this age so much as
pets of their own. 1t is calamity to
have boy grow up without having
owned a dog of his own.
Rabbits. pigeons and especially ban
tam chickens. are dear to the heart
of the developing lad, and he is just
as much entitled to the helpful COM
partnership of pets as he is to a school
education. Let him have full respon-
sibility for them. and the results will
take care of themselves.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
A Good Loser.

A Rhode Island politician who was
a prominent candidate in the late
election came home one day much pro-
voked at some misdemeanor which
his son. aged ten. had committed.
Frank" he said sternly. do you
know. sir. that you are candidate
for whipping"
81 hope I'll be defeated, father" was
young Franks reply, as he looked up
playfully at his father.-Harper's
Bazaar.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

from that center cause the illusion,
for they lead the lines of vision away,
making it appear that the black lines
are further apart at the center than
they are at their ends II the drawing
is held edgeways to the eye it will be
seen that they are exactly true
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
Oats for poultry.

The value OF oats as a ration for
poultry is largely Offset by the draw
back due to the harsh and rough Gov
ering. The digestive operation need
ed to remove this covering requires
to Offset it about all the nouriShment
the kernel contains
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
start in Poultry.

The cheapest way Of getting started
in the business of breeding fine poul-
try is to buy eggs and hatch them.
Ten or dozen chicks are often pro-
duced from sitting of eggs. which
may be purchased for less than the
cost of single first-class fowl, and
any one of the chicks is worth more
than the total outlay.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25

lance above the tub and the Aim can
dangle its full length below. The
water is then turned on and is spray
ed gently over the film. washing 1t
thoroughly and without the fingers
touching it anywhere. Any spigot in
the house will do quite as well, but a
bucket should be provided over which
the film can be hung.
The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914, 1913-03-25
seureoate STRANGE Fowls.

When you add new specimen to
your flock, place the strange fowl by
itself for few days and watch for
signs of lice or disease. A. healthy
flock may be ruined by the introduc-
ton Of bird which carries the germs
Of trouble.