davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13
100000 TO GET.
BENEFFT:.::0F Law
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injury upon himself, wilfully.
That intoxication of the employee
of the injury
In either case, the burden will be
on the employer to prove this state
of facts.
Practically speaking, the new law
is an insurance proposition. Its pro-
visions are so definite that the insur-
ance companies are able to figure out
rates very closely, and an employer
is relieved of all responsibility If he
properly. insures his risks. The SETTLE
ments will be made directly by the
insurance company with the injured
man or the dependents.
Interstate Railroad Exempt.
The only industries not covered by
the act are:
Railroads engaged in interstate
commerce.
Farm laborers.
Domestic servants.
Casual laborers.
Railroads were exempted by the
legislature for the reason that the
new federal law on employers liabil-
ity covers railroad employees.
Friends of the new law are not
carried away by any false enthusiasm.
They do not claim there will be no
litigation. At first it is expected there
will be considerable, until the applica-
ton Of the law and the meaning Of
it's terms have been plainly laid down
by the courts. But as to ordinary
accidents there will be no litigation.
Trouble will come right at the start
on railroad shop employees. 1t was
the intent Of the legislature to ex-
empt all railroad employees from the
state law, and congress intended to
put them all under the federal law,
but it is a question whether the
courts will say that shop employees
are engaged in interstate commerce.
The point is going to- be raised by
the iron range roads, it is said, which
want their shop employees under the
state law.
Some Points to Decide.
The rate of compensation may
prove a question for the courts In
some cases. It depends largely on
the pay received by the employee at
the time Of the injury. In cases
where employees are on piece work.
this may be difficult to determine.
There are cases, too, where an en-
ployee is put on work temporarily,
with greater or less pay than he is
used to getting. There are questions
In sight for the court to settle, and
the casualty companies will have to
keep up expensive legal establish
ments for while. Eventually, though
1t Is believed that the legal expense
will be reduced to minimum.
The law is elective only in form.
In fact it is almost compulsory, be-
cause an employer who elects not to
come under the law is Obliged to
stand suit for injuries to an employee
without the benefit Of the old COM
mon law defenses or of the limita-
tons on recovery provided by the new
act II the employee refuses to 60
under the new law, all the common
law defenses are restored to the ON
ployer. 3.ss s.ssI ].
An elaborate seale of comp ation
81 prov deds ls a To M
q .n a1s n y. 4 q
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13
HIGH FINANCE IS
CAUSE OF WRECKS
-
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physical and financial bankruptcy Of
the American railroads.
Juggle Bookkeeping.
In December, 1907, Louis D. Bran
deis. commenting on his analysis Of
the New Ravens financial condition,
said: Last years reported gain on
profit and loss transactions was
merely a bookkeeping deivce. In the
aggregate. SO, 6,605.01 expended to
make good equipment depreciation
which should have been charged to
operating expenses was charged to
profit: and loss. and was paid for out
Of premiums received from sales of
stocks and bonds. Last year. If the
company's customary charge for
maintenance had been made, the net
income from all sources would have
failed by $1.171.530.s2 to provide a
sum sufficient to pay the per cent
dividend" (
Cause of Wrecks.
Commenting on this statement by
Brandeis, Russell says: THAT they
might pay the dividends on this enor-
mously swollen capitalization, they
had cut the normal expenditures for
physical maintenance. With this
curtailed expenditure for mainten-
ance they could not possibly keep the
roadbed, equipment and service In
such condition as to insure the safety
Of passengers. The wrecks followed"
Congressional action making COM
pulsory the equipment of all roads
with all-steel cars Is probable. But
no action that congress can take can
turn loss into a profit. Congress
so long as it recognizes the legal
right Of the New Haven or any other
road to earn dividendS on false, and
fraudulent capitalization, cannot by
law increas the earning power Of the
New Haven sufficient to pay such in
terest charges and at the same time
keep the road in proper physical
condition. 49,. r 49,
May Lead to Public Ownership.
The truth is the American public ID
facin ga crisis in the matter Of rail-
road ownership, and only two things
are possible. Either the roads must
be permitted to increase freight and
passenger rates high enough to earn
q profit on their watered stocks and
bonds. or the whole system must be
changed and the roalroads taken over
into public Ownership. t5.-.:..5e. 4.
As matter of fact, tho United
States 10 one Of the tire principal
countries Of the world to retain pri-
!vately owned systems Of railroads.
Germany. Austria Hungary. Italy,
Switzerland, France, Denmark, Bull
garia, Russia, Austria ana New Zea-
land all have government-owned ana
operated roads, with no watered
capitalization. no financial juxglery,
and g very much smaller number OF
wrecks and q lower loss OF life. The
death rate on American railroads II
the highest in the world. 81,
The interstate commerce commits
sion closed @its report on the previous
big wreck on the New Haven-that
at Stamford, Conn.-with these
words: Established Of safer; ana
more efficient operation OF this rail-
road Is Immediately necessary IL con.
grAssional legislation extending the
scope OF governmental regulation Of
railroads 70 not to be called Tor and
Justifisd An the interest of public.
re- in II, vi 8a, g
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

OAKLAND stimulated by San Francisco's example. ia
considering municipal ownership of roads connectng
with San Pablo, Richmond, Haywards and San Lorenzo
Such is the influence of good example,,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13
MEXICAN SITUATION CLEARING TIP.

The Mexican situation to be in fair way of
administration at Washington,
President Wilson, in addition to refusing to recoe
lze the de facto government country has taken
the ground that Huerta the provisional president must
mot be candidate for president the coming election
Mr Wilson'S view broadly speaking, is that Huerta is
too deeply involved in the assassination of Madero to
merit recognition by and that for the
fsame reason as is evidenced by the conflict now going
On there can be no hope of internal peace in Mexico
$50 long as he Is in power. President Wilson is not
dictatng to Mexico. He has left no room for that
y to doubt his friendship and dsinterestedness What
Inc has done is to state frankly the policy that he IL
Faeterm1ned to pursue far Huerta is concerned
and incidentally to give neghbory advice to the
tnnruly republic across southern border.
Now 1t is reported from Washington that the chief
to the re-estabshment of Mexico and
10 the restoration of amicabe relations between that
country and our own is likely removed The Mexi
con minister OF foreign affairs has assured Washington
1hat Huerta will respect the constitutional rule which
prohb1ts provisional president from succeeding hsof
IN the presidency Moreover assurances that Huerta
will not be candidate president have been given
ITO our charge d'affaires at Mexican CITY,
Ih1s ought to pave the way for the election In an
foroerly and lawful manner of new government and
1or the restoration of in unhappy Mexico such
an outcome would be great achievement on the mart
o1 washington and would be striking vindcation Il
he course which President Wilson has pursued
marked by drmness and love q peace by wisdom ana
seympathet{c Kindness. man
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

Is easy Tor the fellow who never does anything
g avoid criticism, but the man who stems briakv
eng se.s somewhere e bound 70 the toes
81 81 De.1er s. Pc criticised than be mere
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

Great wealth. we may be sure will never FORGET that
Is essential that the poor should pay taxes so that
may nave an interest in the country and something
their loyalty and valor. ' - ptose
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

"There is little DANGER" Senator Ia Eo,,++ 49,.
OF overtax1ng great wealth.. The SENATOR Wa +.l -
is justified in his confidence in the moderation ~
congress. "
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13
WHY DID THEY BURN THE CARS?

railroad wreck that costs twenty-one lives and
injured many other calls for the fullest and most
careful investigation. The interest of the company
no less than the safety of the travelling public makes
this Imperative. The New Haven road officials know
this The interstate commerce commission knows it.
aud Immediately decided full Investigation If tho
Walllngtord wreck The commission seems to have
known the road it had to deal with. At any rate It
took the precauton to telegraph that the wreck
age not to be destroyed
In the face of this order all wreckage was burned
Every DIT or evidence which might have helped the
mission to fix responsibility loss of life that could
be destroyed was destroyed. Why? That is question
that Will be asked Of the New York, Haven Hart
ford pretty frequently in the days to come Asked not
merely by the interstate commission but bv
the country, which has had little too much of the
attitude from particular
ton In the past few years.
Inc wreckage was burned but there is evidence not
tnereoy destroyed There is the evidence of wooden
fuman cars on through train-an equipment that is
anquated and should not longer be allowed; there is
'ne ev'aence OF many employees who must know what
caused the wreck and not all of whom will be SILENT
there is the weghy evidence the burning itself For
ts II IS TO be hoped some good will be forth
coming 1t is not likely to profitable to tre with
the public, to disregard the order of its delegated
authorities.
not 10 the interstate commerce commission but to the
country. Why the wreckage destroved? And 1,h
was equipment used that could be SO DESTROYED?
The United States senate is the only parliamentary
BODY IN the world supplementary as to permit
bers to talk at will questions mot before the bouse
Oakland, stimulated by San Franciscos examn,o 10
considering municipal ownership of roads connectnp
with San Pablo Richmond Haywards and San Lorenzo,
Such is the influence of good example:
Because of British unions through their exercise
political power have secured certain legislative
sons' the doctors Of England considering the re
modelling of their organization along trade unio1 1
IN an effort to secure the advantages accruinr tn
form. There lots Of worse things the docto NV -.
J. ihere Is little danger,'' Senator La Foetta Gov.
or overtax1ng great wealth." The SENATOR wo +. -
is justified In his confidence in the moderation a.
congress. ~
treat wealth. we may be sure will never for1o+ +h+
essential 1hat the poor should pay taxes so that
na'e an interest in the country and something
TO nent Tor when there is need for natr,ots - -
their loyalty and valor 49, - - ''=rp4 tose
l
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

mand for governmental operation of
railroads will be increased by this lat
est lesson In death and injuries re-
sulting from private management for
private profit.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-09-13

Because of British unions through their exa,o,. -.
political power have secured certain legislative
slons the doctors Of England considering the re-
modelling of their organization along trade union na
an EFFORT to secure the advantages accruin to that
1nere are lots OF worse things the doctors can do
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
SALE OF PROJECT POSTPONED

The sale Of the Big Lost River irri.
cation project advertised to take place
early last fall and postponed from
time to time, will probably not take
place until the latter part of next
raunth, although James E. Clinton, Jr.
receiver for the project, has set the
date for the sale as Dec 81. That
a postponement from that date will
probably be agreed upon was the in
formation given out recently, but it
Is also understood that If this is
the case it will be the last time a
postponcment is granted
Corey Bros. Construction company
Of Ogden has repeatedly announced
that it will bid in the property to pro-
tect the $4,000 invested in 1t un-
less the bondholders go above their
figures and take over the property.
In that event their preference claim
will be satisfied The bondholders
have not made public announcement
Of their intention to bid on the pro-
ject. They claim to have close to
$4,000, 900 involved in it,
That attempts have been made to
bring the bondholders and the con.
etruction people together in the mat
ter Of the completion Of the project
Is we'll known. These negotiations
are said not to have progressed very
far, for the construction company.
which has secured strong financial
backing, is determined to bid In the
project II possible. In the event Of
the completion OF the project, which
it is now believed will be the re-
suit. and following the satisfying Of
the Corey Bros claim, the claims
Of the bondholders will be taken care
Of. Whether or not the latter will
appeal within the 30-day limit al
lowed from the recent decision of the
United States circuit court of appeals
which gave the construction company
a priority claim has not as yet been
announced definitely.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
PARCEL POST CHARGES

On and after Jan. 1, 1914, the limit
of weight Of parcels of fourth-class
mail for delivery within the first and
second zones will be increased from 20
to so pounds, and in the third, fourth,
fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth zones
from II to 20 pounds, according to- blu:
letin notice that has reached the local
postal authorities. This change will
make a marked difference in the
amount Of p rcel post mail that the
local office will have to handle, for it
will increase considerably.
The order further states that the
rate of postage on parcels exceeding
four ounces in weight in the third.
fourth, fifth and sixth zones shall be
as follows:
Third zone Six cents for the first
pound and two cents for each add.
tional pound or fraction thereof.
Fourth zone-Seven cents for the
first pound and four cents for each
additional pound or fraction thereof.
Fifth zone Eight cents for the first
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
IDAHO MINERAL PRODUCTION
Increase Of Close to Million Dollars
Over the Production Of 1912-eig
Development Work.

The mineral output of Idaho for
tho present year is close to 1000, 900
more than 1t was in 1912, according to
the estimates that have been COM
piled by State Mine Inspector Robert
N. Bell, who is in close touch with tn
mining situation in this state, more
SO than any other man. The big III
crease is shown in zinc mined over
and above all other minerals for the
year. New orc bodies of zinc were
discovered IN Shoshone county. the
heart of the Idaho and northwest
ern mining sections. 1t is believed
by mining men that the increase In
this metal will be marked from now
on.
Copper shows a marked increase in
production. The mining of this metal
will also be increased duo to the now
deposit discoveries. The mining actiy-
ity has centered this year in the coun-
ties Of Shoshone, Custer, Lcmhi and
Fremont. The lcad-silver industry was
never more prosperous than during
the present year, rapidly drawing to
close and 1t has become one Of the
established mining industries at all
Of the mines where there has been
extensive development work this year.
Silver City and the mining territory
in that vicinity has not shown the &C.
tivity during the latter part of the
present year that was expected. The
mines there have experienced more
quiet conditions this year than pro-
badly since the activity started there
The mineral output Of this year as
compared to that Of last shows an
increase Of exactly $77S,248. 1t is con
fidently believed by mining men that
from now on each successive year will
show an increase because the industry
is well established and there are
known to be large and very rich de-
posts OF minerals in the interior of
tho state, especially Custer county,
which are not only awaiting steam
transportation to develop them in
their fullest extent. Many Of those
prospects have large amount of de-
velopment work done on them and
considerable money has been expended
by capitalists who are holding them
until a steam road taps that section
when they will be prepared to supply
almost unlimited tonnage, especially in
silver-lead ore.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
AUTO LICENSE SCORED

Boise, Idaho, Dec. 18.-The auto Ii.
cense law was bitterly attacked by tho
county commissioners In state session
here today, and resolutions Wore
passed favoring its reptal. The COM
missiOners closed three lays sue
cessful session. Boise was selected
as the place for the 1914 meeting, the
date being left open.
Commissioner o. G. Zurich, Of Twin
Falls county was elected president Of
the association and w. B. Mitchell Of
Canyon county, secretary.
The resolutions passed ask for
constitutional amendment providing
for the election Of county commission
ers for two, four and six years, and
that counties By classified into first
second and third classes, with maxi
mum salary limit Of $4,000: that auto
mobiles not only be required to pay
tho state tax, but also be assessed
their full cash value; that publicity
be given to the manner in which taxes
are expended, and that nOn-support OF
wife be made felony.
The county assessors met jointly
with tho commissioners today end
adopted resolutions favoring a SINH
lar joint session next year at tho
earliest possible date after the sec
ond Monday In January.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
THE HIGH COST OF LIVING

A Mrs. Palmer, of Baraboo, Wis.
has added both mirth and sense to
the discussion of the problem of high
cost OF living. Her reasons are
worth consideration at any rate. She
says:
We throw away ashes and buy soap.
We raise dogs and buy hogs. We
grow weeds and buy vegetables, and
catch ten-cent fish with a four dol
lar rod. We build schoolhouses and
send our children away to school to
be educated. SO that boys will DO
able to hunt ten-cent rabbits with a
forty dollar gun and a twenty-dollar
dog. and that the girls may be suffi-
Gently accomplished to do fancy work
and play the piano, while mother
washes the dishes. Yes, these are.
hard times.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
IDAHO CROPS INCREASING

The total value Of the grain, hay
and potato crops Of Idaho for the year
1918, as estimated by the United
States department Of agriculture. base
on prices prevailing Dec. l. was $685.
$4,000. an. increase Of nearly ST.
100000 over the value Of tho crop OF
1912, which was $33.503 900. The
greatest increase is In the potato
crop. while there was a slight falling
Oft in the wheat and oat crops. The
production, price prevailing Dec.
and the total value Of the crops
produced this year in the state, &C.
cording to government figures, are az
follows:
Corn-Production, $4,000 bushels;
price, Dec. l, 68 cents; value 1906, 900
Wheat-Producticn, 14.o94.0e0 bush
els; pricc, So cents; value. $S.S79, 900.
Oats-Production, 14.i12.00o bushels
price. 90 cents: value. $4.S3e.o0o.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25

pound and four cents for each add
tional pound or fraction thereof.
Sixth zone-Nine cents for the first
pound and eight cents for each add
uonal pound.
On and after March Is, 1914. the
classification of articles mailed under
section of the act Of Aug. "a, 1912,
authorizing the establishment of the
parcel post service will be extended sc
as to include books. The rate of post
age on books weighing eight oun.cs
will be one cent for each two ounces
or fraction thereof and on those weigh
ing in excess Of eight ounces the reg
ular zone rate will apply.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
HOGS REPLACING CATTLE

Until recently it was predicted that
the passing Of the open range would
sound the deathknell Of the live stock
industry in tho northwest, but practi-
cal experience has demonstrated that
there are two animals raised now
where one was before" said George
Miller. of Effie. who, with his asso-
ciates, controls approximately 1000
acres of agricultural and grazing land
in Whitman and Spokane counties, at
the Victoria yesterday.
Undoubtedly there are fewer cattle
and sheep being raised now than when
the entire country was given over to
tho cattle and sheep men, but hogs
are taking the place Of both and are
proving much more profitable.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
ALL CHARGES DISMISSED

Los Angeles, Cal, Dec. 2O-Court
records of Los Angeles county were
cleared today Of the last vestige Of
the famous Mcnamara dynamiting case
when the indictments charging brib-
cry against Clarence barrow, who was
counsel for the dynamiters, were dis
missed. District Attorney Fredericks
told Judge Jackson of the superior
court that barrow had been tried
twice, once when the jury acquitted
him, and again when the jury dis.
agreed, and that the evidence, in
the light Of previous experience, was
not sufficient to convict.
The indictments against Darrow
were the outcome of the sensational
episode Immediately preceding the
sudden determination OF the McNa-
maras to plead guilty, when Bert
Franklin, one of Darrow's agents, was
arrested on the street in tho alleged
act of bribing George Lockwood, a
jury venireman summoned in the dyn-
uniting case, Robert Balm. the first
juror chosen to try the McNamaras,
then confessed that he had accepted
a bride of $500 with the promise of
$4,000 more. Franklin became
state witness against barrow. The
attorney was acquitted when tried In
the Lockwood case and the jury dis
agreed when he was called to the
bar on the Balm accusation.
Oar. wv has been under bonds ag-
gregating $4,000 for two years. His
bondsmen were dismissed today.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
FOR SALE

At Monroe, So acres Of land, all
under fence and cultivation. First-clasl
beet and potato land. There Is 2.
room house and nearly an acre OF
orchard with the land. Situated op-
posite the beet dump. This Is lar
gain at $500. Apply to Albert Haney.
Basah, Idaho.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25

Barley-Producticn, 1868, 600 bus b.
els; price, 4S cents; value, $3,629,OOO.
Ocmfwyp cmfwyp shrdlu cmfwy ldrd
Potatoes-Product on, $3.50. 900 bush.
els; price, so cents; value, $2,S9O, 900.
Hay-Production, 2O44,OOO tons:
price 1920; value, $14,717 900,
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25
THAT cow INCIDENT

Referring to the COW Judging fea-
ture Of the Spokane County Teacher
Institute, Miss Grace NJ. Shepherd.
Idaho state superintendent Of educa-
ton, writes that she Is much pleased
at this kind OF instruction, Of which
she most heartily approves. adding:
II wish more teachers institutes
would have similar instruction. ]
know the lesson received In Spokane
will be productive Of much good"
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1913-12-25

Typewriter pape for sale 1t this
QeficA adv. 4.