davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

newed tendency toward the production
Maple syrup or maple sugar pre-
pared by the best methods is a light
colored. pleasant-tasting product.
Contrary characteristics are the result
Of uncleanly methods and possibly
sour sap in ninety-nine cases QUITO
a hundred, and we're manufacturers
to take greater care in their methods
their results would show improve
ments This better grade may not
appeal to many people who have been
accustomed to the dark, stronger
grades.
Within its wide range the sugar
maple appears as predominant tree
only in the New England States. New
York, southern Canada. northern and
western Pennsylvania. and in parts Of
Ohio. Indiana, Illinois Michigan. Wis
consin and Minnesota. In the south
ern Appalachians 1t occurs in scat
tered bodies, where climate conditions
are similar to those Of the North. In
the extreme northern part of New
York State and the adjacent district
Of Quebec, the forest growth is often
almost pure maple. and even consider
ably further. south, where beech and
birch become associate trees. the sugar
maple holds its own as the dominant
species. In northern Pennsylvania, at
an altitude of over 1000 feet. the
mixture is much the same as 1t Is in
New York. In Ohio, Indiana and I'LL
nois similar condition is found: but
as the hilly country disappears the
maple retreats to the richer and
damper soils, leaving great areas to
the oaks and chestnufa :
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

UNITED STATES WAS
rHRrYTHREE MILLION DOLLARS. =

One Of these requires but two tubs
or half barrels with handles. A hole
Is bored at the bottom Of each tub.
This hole Is fitted with a plug and
covered with a wire screen on the
inside Of the tub 90 the grain cannot
pass through One tub is set above
the other, and the upper tub filed
two-thirds full with the formalin So
luton and the seed poured in. As
the seed is poured In and stirred.
smut balls chan ana light kernels
rise to the surface and are skinned
of. Then the plug is removed and
tho solution allowed to drain into
the tub beneath. The grain is then
spread out to dry, the empty tub
removed, the Sther tub placed on the
stand and the process continued.
more of the solution being added
when necessary. Nj
A trough and a tue, or an appa-
ratus consisting of two tubs one OF
which is made Of wire mesh or Of tin
with a wire bottom. which may be
adjusted by means Of handles may be
used for the treatment.
These simple methods are recon-
mended for use on small farms, where
there is no money to spare for more
elaborate apparatus. On the larger
farms it Is both convenient and eco
nomical to use smut cleaning ma
chimes. many types Of which ara on
the market.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

4 grain of corn consists of nine
parts.
!. TIP cap, which covers the tip
or base of the kernel and comprises
only about is per cent OF tho grain
I. Embryo root.
3. Tip starch.
4. Germ. The germ occupies tho
central rart Of the kernel toward the
tip end. It comprises about IL per
cent Of the kernel (more IN h1gh-oll
corn and less in low-oil corn). I Q
germ contains from IS to 40 per cent
Of corn oil or from 80 to IS per cent
Of the total oil content of the corn
kernel
s. Embryo stem or stalk.
&. Horney gluten. Tho horny glut-
enous part (aleurone layer) lies under
meath the hull surrounding the kerr
mel. 1t comprises from to IA per
cent of the grain (being more abund-
ant in high protein CORN, and 1t con-
tains from 20 to Is per cent of protein.
being the richest In protein Of all the
parts Of the corn kernel.
I. Horny starch. The horny starch
ma IT Is the chief substance In the sides
and back of the kernel (the germ face
being considered the front Of the kerr
nen. This substance comprises about
As per cent Of ordinary corn, but 10
much more abundant in high protein
corn and less abundant in low pro-
tefn. Although rich in starch. 1t con-
tains about 10 per cent Of protein
(more n the-high protein corn and
less In the low protein corn). 1t con-
tains a greater total amount Of protein
than any other part Of the kernel.
s. Crown starch. The white starchy
part occupies the center Of the crown
end of the kernel and usually partially
surrounds the germ. 1t comprises
about rs per cent OF the kernel Qess
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
FEEDING FOR MILK PRODUCTION
BY q. III. ECKLES.

are maintained. The summer con.
ditions which bring about the maxi
mum production and which are to be
maintained as far as possible through
the year. are described in the follow
ing statement: ."... ~
l. An abundance of palatable food.
2. A balanced ration.
g. Succulent feed. g.
4. Moderate temperature. i,r
s. Comfortable surroundings &.
There Is some difference of opinion
regarding grain feeding while on
pasture from the standpoint Of
economy. =, as,&.. .
There Is no question but that a COW
will produce more milk II fed grain
while on pasture, and IL a large yield
is of more Importance than economy
Of production, grain should certainly
be fed. The cow that gives a small
average quantity Of milk will produce
but little more. If fed grain while on
pasture. Eowever. with. the heavy.
producing COW the case is quite dif-
ferent and 1t is necessary that she be
fed grain or she will not continue on
the high level Of production long. The
necessity of feeding grain to the high
that she cannot secure sufficient
amount Of nutrients from the grass
alone, and must have some concen-
trated feed in the form Of grain in
order to continue to produce large
Quantities OF milk. r-t p" -,
AS long a. fresh pasture grasses are
abundant, the ordinary COW is about
as we'll provided for as she can be to
produce milk economically. Unfor-
tunately the season OF abundant pas
turage is sometimes short. In many
localities. a dry period, often Of sew
eral weeks. occurs turing the middle
or latter part Of the summer and the
pastures become short and insufficient
to maintain full flow Of milk. This
season is often the critical time Of the
year for the dairy COW. It is probable
that as much loss occurs one year
with another by lack Of feed at this
time as occurs from improper feeding
during the winter season. When the
season Of dry feeding arrives, the
farmer expects to feed his stock and
is prepared for 1t. On the other hand,
as long as the cattle are on pasture
and the field work is pressing, the
tendency is to let the cows get along
the best way they can.
Under average conditions cows are.
fresh in the, spring, give good flow
of milk while the pastures are good.
but when hot weather and short pas
lures come, the flow drops one-half
or two-thirds and the cows are almost
dry at the beginning Of winter. It is
almost impossible to restore the flow
Of milk to the original amount after
1t Is once allowed to run down from
lack Of feed. To mako large returns
from the COW large yearly produc-
ton must be lad. and to do this. the
flow of milk mus: be kept up ten or
eleven months in the year.
It is possible to hold up the milk
flt W by heavy grain feeding but this
is unnecessarily expensive Provision
should always be made to have green
crops on hand that may be cut when
needed or to have sage available.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
HOW TO AXE HEAD CHEESE,

Cut a hogs mead into four pieces
Remove the brain, ears, skin. snout
and eyes. cut of the latest parts for
lard. Put the lean and bony parts to
soak overnight in cold water in order
to extract the blood and dirt. When
the head is cleansed put It over the
fire to boil, using water enough to
cover it. Boil until the meat sepa-
rates readily from the bone. Then
remove It from the fire. and pick out
all Of the bones. Drain of the liquor,
saving a part Of 1t for future u:'..
Chop the meat up finely with q
chopping knife Return 1t to the
kettle and pour on enough Of the
liquor to cover the meat. Let 1t boil
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

It is true tho younger treas require
longer 10 come Into bearing sttsf
being planted, but the orohafdise can
better afford to give them one or two
additional years attention ana have
tho opportunity to pruns ana care Tor
them 90 they will make hrse class
trees, than to let the nurssfyman rev
them for the additional lsnsth Of time
ana have to give the sanns amount q
care later on In trying to change .
spoiled tree into = passably good onA
It in not the intent ton to conway ths
idea that no good thrss-ysar-old 7tfees
are produced In the nuSbsrJ. but Win
the present systems ana practices the
chances arc very much against It.
The two-year-old tree - probably
the best for commercial planting,
although one-year-olds are vary ponu.
lar with many large grows1A Ihs
former Is 4 compromise ass - the
two-year- old IL less likely TO hsvs besn
spoiled in the nursery than On elder
tree, and It saves one year In the
orchard before bearing. II. however.
suitable two-year-old trees cannoe b
secured. by ali means uss the yssngss
trees, -
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
VALUE OF EDUCATION TO A
III FARMER.

The question Is often asked, "Of
how much value Is school training
to farmers from a business stand
point?" A recent agricultural sur
vey Of several townships Of Tompkins
County. New York, made by the Col
lege Of Agriculture of Cornell Uni
versity has revealed many interesting
and suggestive facts bearing upon
rural sociology To quote from the
summary: THE .urvey shows that n
high school education is worth as
much to farmer as $4,000 worth Of
s per cent bonds. A college education
is worth nearly twice as much
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

buys fruit trees is particular Al to
the character OF the tree which he
buys nevertheless. thousands OF trees
are planted every year which are not
suitable for orchard purposes. That
this condition should exist may be
due to the combination Of number
of causes. There are three. however.
which will account fo- the planting OF
the greater portion Of inferior trees.
Very frequently the buyer has no
we'll defined idea an to what the tree
should be. A second cause il that he
does not state exactly IN his order
just what kind Of trees he wants.
Evon II he fulfills the FIRST two re-
cuirements. he often fails to refuse
stock which has been sent to him
which does not come up to the specifi-
cations in his order. Even though he
knows tina. they are practically worth
less he plants such trees simply be-
cause he does not care to take tho
trouble to make the nurseryman
furnish him good goods or because Of
the delay that will u entailed.
The nurseryman not always to
bl-me because a bu{er gets inferior
trees. There are many things which
makes the filling OF nursery orders
difficult, but probably the chief reason
why, so many poor trees are sent out
from the nursery 10 because the
average buyer is dissatisfied unless he
gets large tree with a heavy top.
In his attempt to satisfy the demand
for large trees, the nurseryman very
frequently IS obliged to sacrifice the
very things which would make tho
tree most valuable. "
Unfortunately. nursery trees are
commonly sold by size rather than
are. Size Is not necessarily . criterion
Of the worth Of a tree. In fact, 1t ID
a worthless factor in Judging unless
cons dered in connection with age. A
six-foot tree may be four or i've years
old, but it would be a much poorer
tree than one Of the same variety
four feet high ana three years old. A
great many trees are oeing carried In
the nursery until they are long past
the best age for planting. simply to
get them tc a large size. This is par
ticularly true Of slow growing va
rieties.
The tree standard then, for buying
trees, Is the age. In this, of cour: },
size should be considered to the extent
that the trees should be Of good size
for the variety at that age. ,..
1t is very easy to determine the age
OF a nursery tree. The age IL counted
from tho budding or grating. The
end of each years growth is marked
by a row Of rings or scars around the
trunk and branches. TO tell the age
Of a tree, begin at the. tip Of branch
and follow back to the base of the
tree counting the scale rings. The
tree will be one year older than the
number OF rings. 1t is best to use tho
branches at the top. In trees on
which the tips Of the branches have
been injured or removed. during the
summer. eon.s dihiculty may be ex-
perisnced in determining definitely,
but this method will serve In most
cases without difficulty.
The best age at which to plant trees
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
GROWING TABLE VEGETABLES.

Plant several kinds of beans to de-
te. mine which succeeds best in your
soil.
Plant an abundance OF beets to
allow for green's.
Sweet corn planted every two weeks
will give long succession.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
BY J. g. MOORE.

is much mooeed question. The
present tendency 10 10 plant trees
which are too old. The upper limit
Of age for an apple tree II three years.
Two-yesr-old trees WILL be found be-.
t-r than older ones In most cases.
Another YActo- which tends 70 rive
inferior trees whore thsy remain lons
in tn nursery ID che fact that they
are grown very close together, ana
this forces the branches to grow more
in one plane which recruit II lop -stdel
trees. The shorter the period the tree
passes in the nursery. the moro likely
it is to be . good Tree when the
grower receives IL #
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
HINTS FOR THE FLOWER LOVER

Plant sweet peas early in rich,
moist soil, il the oper Later. mulch
the roots. ~
The petun1a is one Of the most free
Towering ANIMALS. 1t requires a great
deal of water. ,g
Sweet alyssum is lovely for borders.
Use wood ashes when setting out
aSters.
Mignonette likes cool soil.
Give pansies a rich. cool. mois. soil
and keep the blossoms picked.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

it at night, and the youngster grew
apidly. 1t grew to be about four
times as large as It's foster-mother, but
the pigeon stuck to its adopted bird
and did her best to take care Of It, It
was very comical sight to see the
fussy solicitude exhibited by the pige~ I
for the welfare Of the chicken, which,
In time. grew quite Indifferent to its
guardians ministrations.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

Much Of the hardness Of water Lay
be removed by the addition OF two
pounds of quick lime 20 one thousand
gallons Of water of average hardness.
This will not remove more than about
tEree-quarters Of the hardness Of the
water. but /. can be still further
softened by adding a little washing
soda.-George W. Walker. e I
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

slowly for fifteen minutes to a half
hour. Season to taste with salt and
pepper just before removing it from
the fire. Turn 1t into shallow pan
or dish. Cover with a piece of cheese
cloth and put on board with a
weight to make 1t solid. When cold
f. should be sliced tklnly and served
without further cooking.-An lrew
DOss. ~. -s.g. .."s,.-.. .-. .....
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
AN ILL.AssORTED PAIR.

A Pennsylvania pigeon-raiser also
raises few game chickens every year.
Some Of the birds persist in laying
their eggs on high shelf where the
pigeons roost. Early last spring one
Of these eggs rolled into a pigeons
nest and when it Matched out its
chicken the pigeon promptly adopted
it. 1t fed the young chicken. lowered
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
HOW 70 LIVE no RIPE OLD AGE

Crisp ard pointed are The hsAlth
rules laid down by the Department Of
Here are some at the
suggestions:
Halve your food.
poubl. your drinking watef.
Treble your exercise.
The first wealth ID health.
Man eats to live, not lives to eat.
live to learn and you'll learn t. live
Success tomorrow through sSnse
today.
A man is often "put out" by what
he takes In.
Don't mollycoddle your stomach.
but be decent to II.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

Land in the Channel Islands. which
is used for potato growing, rents for
from $5c to $50 per acre. Two crops
are grown every year and they run
all the way from, 200 to $50 bushels
p n acre.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

Convenient apparatus for the
formalin treatment, consisting OF
strong wooden tub and a substan-
tial wire-mesh tub. Tub b is adj
justed by means of block c, hinges
d, and handles e, so that 1t can be
placed in and raised out Of tub .
with q minimum of labor.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

From the time the earliest explorers
discovered Indians making sugar from
the maple tree until the present day,
the production Of maple sugar has
been an important industry in the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

in high protein corn and more in low
protein corn). 1t is poor In protein
e to per cent?.
8. Hull. The hull Is the very thin
outer coat. 1t comprises about 6 per
cent Of the kernel and contains q
lower percentage of protein (about 4
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05
BY w. F.. HUBBARD.

considered delicacies and are not pro-
duced in such quantities as formerly.
The aggregate of all pure maple prod
ucts and the many limitations may be
the same. for 1t Is said that were all
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

See that the garden and farm tools
are In good repair and sharpened.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

Simple apparatus for tho formalin
treatment, consisting of . trough,
tub, and sawhorses: ., trough; b, tub;
c. pin plug; d, perforated tin plate.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

kernel.
When the grain sprouts No. ). the
embryo root, goes down into the
ground. No. s, embryo stem. Soss
upward out Of the ground to ma:
the stalk.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

No fertilizer will atone for CARELESS
ness and neglect 81 The garden
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-04-05

One type Of smut cleaning machine
for treating grain in a formalin solu.
ton The ;..!tomatic skimming device
removes the smut balls which float on
the surface of the liquid In the tank.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-09-23
CAS-
HAS BIC ADVANCE
Reading Also Attractive on Extra
Dividend Rumor-HaIf-HoIi-
day Cause of Dizziness.
BY CHARLES w STORM.

NEW YORK, Sept. 22.-In honor Of
the memory Of the late Mayor Gaynor.
the stock market did not open until
noon to-day and then trading was very
quiet and unimportant Reading was
again the market leader, opening up .
on continued reports that an extra divi-
dend is 10 be declared Amalgamated
Copper was under pressure, losing a
point BY 1870, however, It had recov-
cred most Of this decline
The list had an irregular appearance.
Among the other declines were: Union
Pacific. a United States Steel common.
y Southern Pacific, . New York Cen
tral, u New York, New Haven and
Hartford. = A.; Lehigh Valley, . Califor-
MIA Petroleum -, and Anaconda Cop
per .
Peoples Gas was the strongest Of the
specialties advancing y to 1851 at the
opening After half an hour its net gain
was a point American Can, Missouri
Pacific and Canadian Pacific made frac-
ional advances
The curb was steady but quiet
American railroad shares in London
were higher on the bank statement, but
toward the end Of the session paused.
The feature Of the trading in the last
hour was Peoples Gas, which sold above
Nearly a. stocks were higher and the
undertoue was strong California Pc
troleum after selling around 20. lost a
point, showing net decline of IA on
the day
The market closed steady. Govern
ment bonds unchanged; others firm.
NEW NOpk erocK mnpK
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-09-23

General forecast until p. m. Tues
day.
Georgia-Fsir. continued cool to-
night probably light frost in north
and Centra, portions, Tuesday fair and
slightly wSsmer in west
Virginia Fair tonight: cooler in east
err portion, probably frost in noun.
tain districts in west portion; Tuesday
fair and cool.
North Carolina Fair tonight; frost in
interior. Tuesday fair and cool
South Carolina-Fair, continued cool
tonight and Tuesday; light frost to-
n ght i'm north and west portions
Florida Fair except showers to-
night or Tuesday in extreme southern
portion, cooler tonight in south por-
ton
Alabama-Fair and cold tonight;
Tuesday fair, slightly warmer.
lppi-Falr and warmer to-
night and Tuesday.
Tennessee Fair, continued cool to-
night. with frost, Tuesday fair and
slightly warmer in west portion.
Louisiana and warmer tonight
ana Tuesday.
East TeNas-Fair and warmer to-
night Tuesday fair and warmer in south
anG east portions
West TexaS-Fair and warmer To-
night. Tuesday fair. except rain and
cooler in the panhandle.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-09-23
Regarding Whitehall
To Be Begun Oct. 10

At a conference Of city, county and
public utility officials Monday It was
agreed that the regarding OF White
hall street from Mitchell street to
Trinity avenue should begin October
Is.
To conform to the new Whitehall
street grade, Trinity avenue will be
regarded between Pryor and Forsyth
streets. Mr.. Clayton estimates the
work will require two months. All
cars that run through this section
will go by way Of Forsyth street
while the work is In progress.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-09-23
NEM oRLEANs coTroN.
SPOT COTTON MARKET.

Atlanta, steady. middllnE 1915.
Athens steady, midalng 1874
Macon, steady, middlinE &c
New Orleans. firm; middiing 1895
New York, quiet, midGliuE 1885
Philadelphia. quiet; midhlirg u so
Boston, quiet: middliug 1855
Liverpool, firm; middling TS1d.
Savannah, steady, middling 1885
Augusta, steady. middlirg 1875.
Charleston, steady; middling 1871.
Norfolk, steady. miduling IS 9-l6.
Galveston, firm middling 10 9-16.
Mobile. steady. middling 1855.
Wilmington, quiet: mid5lirg 1885.
Little Rock. steady. widdlinE l2n.
Baltimore. nominal; mlddiiuE 1875.
ST Louis. steady. mlidliuE l2%
Memphis, steady. mIuliug 1915
Houston. steady. wijdiiug 1879.
] oulSNiile. firm W.G1'iuE 12l4.
Charlotte. steady. Wtu1Iiug lZC.
Greenyille steady. Wt3dliDE l2c
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-09-23
Judge Calhoun Near
End of Busy Term

Entering Monday morning upon the
fourth week of the term jude Cal
houn. of the Atlanta Criminal Court.
prepared to finish up the heaviest
docket he has had in several years.
The court probably VIII adjourn
next Thursday In the mean time.
more than 100 misdemeauor cases
have been transferred TO the October
docket.