davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13
THE WEATHER
PHILOSOPHICAL PHELLx SAYS

II takes more
skill an aplomb
T. walk on our
new po II = h . d
floor an look un-
concerned than 1t
does to tell what
spoon / use at a
banquet.
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13

Tomorrow tho Judge Elect
of the Third judicial District, the
District Attorney and tn" various
county Officers will take tn" oath of
office. The Judge will he Installed
for a six year term; the District At
county officers for u two year term.
Each of the above mentioned Officers
have announced their appointments.
There are few changes among the ap-
pointiva Officers, save in the dis
ltrict.
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13

has selected Elmorc Floyd, clerk OF
tn" district court as his first deputy.
NJ. Madrid, son of retiring Superiu-
tendrnt of Schools j. NJ. Madrid. will
be second deputy.
The death of County Clerk Samuel
Garcia leaves the office to be filled
by appointment by the Board of
Continued on page two.)
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13
Weather Forecast.

Weather Forecast.
Tonight fair. colder In the central
portion Rising temperature west
portion. tonight unsettled with snow
Warmer east portion.
Yesterady's Temperatures,
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13

Continued on page iwo.)
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13

Continued on Page Three)
The chronicle=news., 1913-01-13

Continued on page two.)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

gone up 5000 feet and are at about
the altitude of Pixies Peak or Full
yama In Japan. Your breath is now
thin You debate the worth of your
thoughts and whether it will pay ~
use the strength needed to utter them.
Your feet have grown heavy and you
cannot walk fast.
The first part of your way Is
through loose, shifting black sand, and
the latter part is all snow. You are
soon far up in the clouds above the
rest of the world. and if the day is
clear you have magnificent views of
the valley of Mexico and the great
capital, which lies in basin surround
ed by mountains. Higher still and the
White Woman lies beloow you, and
all around are the great hills which
form the most striking features of the
Mexican plateau Much of the time you
are in the clouds and now and then you
can see the clouds both above and be-
low you. They look like live things,
and you can watch them crawling to
your feet and chasing each other from
mountain to mountain. Now they en-
ward and upward until they are lost In
the crater.
As you rise the snow. which Is wet
at the start, grows harder and dryer,
and near the top there are pillars of
ice which tear your hands as you pull
yourself from rock to rock. The glare
hurts your eyes and you drop as you
stand at last on the edge of the crater
at one of the topmost points on the
roof OF the North American continent
In the Crater
If you are very venturesome you can
crawl down a short distance in the
crater and peep over. The walls are
steep and of black obsidian. You can
see the yellow sulphur far down, and
the gas rising out of the crevices in
the floor. 1t is difficult to make pic
lures on account of the steam and Il
is dangerous to play round the rim.
Going down Popocatapetl is easy If you
have the nerve to take tire toboggan
slide of your life. When the snow is
smooth and hard this is done seated on
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

act of parliament. enjoy what is known as
THE Liberty of the Clink,' which rem
ders the citizens immune from jury serv-
ice or the grounds that they are ''un-
clean persons unfit to associate with
honest men, The privilege arose be-
cause the people OF Southwark were at
one time so lawless and disease-ridden
that they were practically put outside
the pale of law by parliament The dis
trict thus prescribed was called ''The Lib
erty Of the Clinl," and is a tract OF
land which extends for few acres about
the Borough market. and the site of the
old Globe theatre. The old act of parlia-
nient comforting this dubious favor has
never been repealed but not many of the
citizens who are entitled to claim exemp-
ton under it are aware of their right to
DO SO.
Queer traditions lend distinction to
many stately homes of England, though
it is the presence of alleged spooks which
Usually accounts for their romantic in
terest Quite the most curious custom be-
longs to Longford Castle in Wiltshire. the
residence OF Lord and Lady Radnor 1t
was the late Earls invariable habit to
bow three times to the three towers OF
the triangular built castle. The present
owner is sympathetic, because the custom
is rooted in an old family Legend calling
upon
THE owner of Longford whe'er we be
Turn and bow with bends full three,
And call en- the name of the Trinite,
Or castle and lands will pass from thee. !"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

the presence of the interested spectators.
The alternative to payment is a fine of
20 shillings for every penny not forth
coming or else "the forfeiture of white
bull with red nose and ears of the same
color Breakfast is afterwards served
at a local inn at the Duke of Buccleuch' 5
expense.
In many parts of the country, the Pc
culiarities of England land tenure are
responsible for the observance of archaic
customs, which find old world express
sion in the Court Leet. This was origin
ally the periodical meeting Of the vas
sails of baron or overload, whereat they
rendered the various charges under which
they held their land. The ancient tradi-
tions are characteristically preserved in
the Court Leet "holden in our royal
manor of Portland It's officers have
quaint titles-the Reeve, chief constable,
affeerors, and haywards, and there is a
jury and foreman. The reeve. or bailiff.
keeps tally of the various holdings of
land from the royal manor by means of
notches or long stick or wand. called
the reeve staff. method of bookkeeping
which antedates the Norman conquest.
A new staff is used every year, and
forms curiosity much priced by collec-
tors.
Ancient customs and privileges cling to
the land even in some parts of London.
Residents in certain quarter OF South
wark fer instance. can, under an ancient
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

many volcanoes, the fires of which You
can see as you go along the coast that
it is called the fire island. Between it
and Sumatra is Krakatoa, the top of
which blew off about 27 years ago with an
explosion which was heard in southern
Australia, 200 miles away.
That eruption took away two-thirds of
the island. and the sea is now 1000 feet
deep where the center of the mountain
once stood. The biggest volcanic crater
in Java is In the eastern part of the island
It is known as the Sand sea; it is sur
rounded by craters and 1t has other vol
canoes in its center. l rode across the
Sand sea on pony, and climbed to the
top of the Bromo volcano, which is still
active within it.
Our Volcano Park
Some of the finest volcanoes are those
of the Hawaiian Islands, and the most
wonderful volcano park that can be i'm
agined is that which Uncle Sam is now
making on the island of Hawaii That
island is composed of volcanic materials,
and it has been built up from the sea bot
tom. This mass of lava is now 1900 feet
above the sea level and it extends from
the bed of the ocean up to the surface
of the water distance of 5000 feet more.
Therefore the volcanic pile which ends in
the crater of Mauna Loa is really 10000
feet nigh, or higher than Mount Everest
is above the level of the Bay of Bengal.
Mount Everest, in the Himaayas, is the
highest mountain on earth. The crater of
Mauna Loa, in our new park, is three
miles long, two miles wide and 1000 feet
deep. The floor is hard but quite hot:
and there are cracks through which you
can see the hot liquid rock far beneath.
Mother Earth's Volcanic Belts
All of the Sandwich Islands are vol
canic, and indeed two-thirds of the vol
canoes of the world are said to be upon
islands. They seem to run in certain belts
over the globe. One belt nearly enclrcles
the Pacific, grdling that ocean, as 1t
were, with mighty smolSestacks, from
which pours forth steam. This belt be-
gins with the southern part of South
America and runs up through the Andes
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
Expressed by Parcel Post

Milwaukee Correspondent of the New
York Times.
A case has been found here in which
an express company took advantage of
the parcel post to save trouble and make
a neat profit for itself at the same time.
The case has been laid before the local
postal authorities, but it Is not thought
that any action will be taken.
The name of the complainant has been
kept secret. A box of cigars was shipped
from Detroit to Milwaukee by Detroit
man about to visit here This man
wished to find If there was any ground
for his suspicion that some express COM
panies were using the parcel post He
addressed the box. to a Milwaukee
friend, and shipping by express paid 40
cents charges. When he reached here he
found that the package. which he had
marked for Identification, had been de-
livered by the parcel post, bearing %
cents in postage stamps. The express
company had made IS cents on the ship
ment.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
When the Chinese Eat Bread
70 Albany Journal.

From the AlDany journal.
The awakening Chinese have begun to
eat bread. According to George Bury,
vice president of the Canadian Pacific,
the new demand threatens shortage in
the worlds supply of flour. 1t has al
ready, he says, emptied many Of the big
elevators of the northwest and 10 keep
ing mills grinding day and night to sup
ply the millions acquiring the bread ap-
petite.
Burys statement is bit OF evidence to
confirm the thinkers who see no ''yel-
low peril to occidental industry in orien-
tai progress. Advance creates new wants
and new wants create new business.
The uplift of the Chinese, as Of all
other suppressed peoples, creates new
markets as well as supplers of markets
There is no profit to the world or any
part of it in keeping any people down.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
ong down popocatapet is the toboggan slide of your e

where one can camp during the trip.
The peak is shaped like great anthil
and an iron cross now surmounts it.
There are no avaanches. and one may
take a mat and ride down Just as on
Popocatapet
Mexico's Smoking Mountains
In addition to these mountains Mexico
has many other volcanoes, the most of
them extinct, but some liable to break
out into action. The region about Quad
alaiara has been recently troubled with
earthquakes and many think It only
question of time when that, one of the
largest cities of Mexico, will disappear
The volcano of Colima. which is more
than two miles in height. is perpetually
active, and nearby is splendid volcano
peak, El Nevada, which is as tall as
Fujiyama and almost as beautiful. Co
lima is frequently hidden by the dense
masses of steam which are always roll
ing out of its crater and at night this
steam is colored with flames. The crater
is almost circular and II has diameter
of about one-third of mile. 1t is more
than 100 feet deep.
and half dozen violent ones within the
past three centuries. It's eruptions are
usually accompanied by earthquakes,
when it throws out ashes which GOV,
the sky for many miles, flying as far ils
Guadalajara, Zaeatecas and San Luis
Potosi.
One of the queerest volcanoes of Mex
leo is Mount Jorullo, which is still steam
ing. This mountain rises out of a rich
farming district which was once as fiat
as floor. Then all at once there was
a rumbling of the earth and in the midst
of a great estate of indigo and sugar, a
volcano rose in the form of a great blad-
der to a height of 100 feet. II then
burst The mud came forth in sheets.
Clouds of steam ascended and all the
country about was covered with rocks
and ashes and molten lava.
Two large streams were swallowed up
by the eruption, and some distance away
two new rivers burst forth. The erup-
tion continued for nearly a year, and now
the steam issues here and there through
cracks in the earth. The crater is about
600 feet deep. Its area is about so acres
and | am told that the volcanic ash OF
which 1t is composed produces excellent
crops
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

her feet facing old Popo. AS one stands
on the cathedral, he can plainly see the
outlines of the head, with its protruding
eye, the swelling breasts covered with
snow and the rest of the snow-clad COW
ering through which the mighty knees
and feet seem to peep. The mountain is
over 5000 feet high and the figure
makes one think of a giantess lying on
a mighty bed and covered with white.
A. Love Story of the Gods
According to the Aztec tradition, in
the. days of the beginning of things a
mighty god, named Popocatapetl came to
earth and there fell in love with one of
the prettiest of the Aztec maidens. The
girl had a perfect form and her skin was
as white as the driven snow. Old Popo
made her his wife and took her to heaven
to reign with him. She proved too hand
some, however, and soon all of the young
gods We're running after her.
At last old Popo learned that she had
her into this mountain. AS she turned II
snow and lay dormant on the top of the
rocky mass of his creation he grew re-
moresful. His heart froze with regret
and he assumed the form that he now
has in the mountain of Popocatapetl. At
times he grows angry, and then he spits
forth the fire and birthstone that come
out of the volcano. The natives say that
the earthquakes are his groans and the
steam and sulphur fumes his perpetual
signing
Climbing POpOcatapetl
The ascent of Popocatapetl can be made
in about three days at cost of S35
or $50 in gold. One needs warm clothing,
strong shoes and several good guides.
You can ride on the railroad to the foot
of the mountain, stopping al Amecameca,
a town of 1900, which is about a mile
and half above the sea. Here you can
get your outfit and horses, and by night
fall can reach a rest house where you
can sleep. This is Tlamacas, at about
1880 feet above the sea. You will find
it bitter cold about midnight and cold
or still toward morning. You rise early
and at a. m. are again upon horse
back. Two hours later and you have
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

to the ClIlebra cut, where steam has been
oozing out of the great cash made for
our canal. From there the belt goes
northyard through Central America and
Mexico l saw some of its steaming
eraters last winter while l was in Costa
Rica and Guatemala, and we have it again
here in Popocatapetl and the now steam
ing volcano of Colima not far away.
The belt widcns in the United States,
but there are no active volcanoes there,
and it narrows again when 1t gets to
Alaska AS it reaches Asia, it has
spasmodic eruptions, now and then throw
ing an island up in the sea, only to take
it away a few months or years later.
The volcanic zone seems more active as
it goes south through Japan to the Phil
ippine Islands, and thence on to the
Dutch East Indies, New Guinea and New
Zealand. The volcanoes of the West In
eies are said TO be one of its branches,
but those of the Mediterranean are ar-
parently independent of 1t or of any 9TH
er volcanic zone.
There are some volcanoes In Africa
and many extinct ones in Asia. Among
are Fujiyama, Japan; Mount Egmont,
in New Zealand. and the Moyon on
Luzon, in the Philippine Islands. They
are all perfect cones
Old sPopO'' and the "White Woman
There are few mountains. however,
more beautiful than Popocatapetl and TX
taccihuatl; or, as they are commonly
called here, ''Old Popo'' and the white
Woman And there are none so high
which may be so easily ascended, and
which pay so well for the trip. Both
mountains are covered with snow, aud
standing on the cathedral here in Mexico
City any evening you can see this snow
turn to silver and then to FURNISHED COP
per by the rays of the setting SUM- ''Popo'
is a little more than thousand feet
higher than his sister, Old Izzy, and his
form is perhaps, more majestic
Ixtaccihuatl is called the white Won-
an" because the top of the mountain is
shaped like the gigantic snowlike figure
of woman who lies on her back with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

ONDON, April 19.--(Special)-One
has only to peer beneath the sur
- face of social life in England to
discover extraordinary anachronisms
which prove beyond doubt the persis-
tence of customs having their origin in
the dark ages. The monarchy itself is
expressed by a superstructure of ancient
ceremonial, the institution of kingship
doing much to keep alive the habits of
past centuries.
The most notable instance of this is
the recent distribution of Maundy Money
in Westminster abbey on the Thursday
before Good Friday. At one time the
English monarchs used to wash the feet
of beggars on this occasion, practice
that fell into disuse in 1754. Since that
date, fresh-minted pennies have been
distributed to the poor at an impress
sive service, the chief feature of which
is a procession consisting of the lord
high almoner and clergy, and the yeo-
men of the guard, carrying the Maundy
Money in white and red purses
Religion as It was practsed before
the reformation had left several other
interesting traces. Many American tour
lists in England journey to Winchester
to partake of the ancient gift of a cake
of bread and draught of ale dispensed
to all callers at the hospital of st. Cross
And doles are still given to all comers
at Stocken hall, near Grantham-another
custom reminiscence of the time when
the monasteries were the travellers only
refreshemnt houses.
But it is around the various festivals
that picturesque customs and practices
cling most stubbornly. From time i'm
memorial, the ecclesiastical period of
Lent has had its peculiar rites, and many
of the most archaic were duly honored
this year Village children in out of the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

way country districts still go a-Shroving.
as it is called. Carrying sticks, they
knock on the doors of the principal resi-
dents, and repeat this doggerel verse:
please I've come a-Shroving,
For piece of pancake,
Or a little ruckle cheese,
OF your own making.
If you don't give me some,
If you don't give me none,
I'll knock down your door,
With a great marrow bone,
And away I'll rum"
Ash Wednesday Is a great day with two
of the London Livery companies. For 800
years the Poulters' company has on this
day paid an annual visit to ST. Peters,
Cornhill, to hear a special sermon in ac-
cordance with the will of Robert War
den, a poulterer, who died in 1909. This
worthy left a house out of which the
master and wardens of the company were
to pay the parson and churchwardens
about SIS year for the benefit of the
poor The Stationers' company also go
to church on Ash Wednesday to hear a
special sermon. Their service is held in
st. Augustine's and st. Faiths, Waiting
street, in accordance with the terms of
the will of John Norton, who died in
1872 Special fare in the shape of cakes,
wine and ale is enjoyed by the livery
men after the service.
Some English boys and girls still go
aMaying on the first of May At Alb
botsbury, where the occasion is known
as Garland day, children parade the viii
lage street dressed in white frocks and
Sunday suits, and carrying wooden
crosses wreathed with Towering haw-
thorne, assiduously collecting pence in
honor of the old English festival
The fifth of November is still called
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20

a straw mat, and guided by an Indian
who carries an alpine-stock and directs
your way through the rocks and cre-
vases. The Indian sits at the front of
the mat and uses his stick as brake.
You sit behind and grab the man around
the waist. 1T takes only a few minutes
to reach the snow line, and you go down
as far in one minute as you made 1t an
hour coming up.
In climbing Iztaccihuati you may ride
a great part of the way. The timber line
jc at about 1900 feet and the region of
eternal snow begins a little more than
thousand feet higher You are In per-
petual snow at the summit. and as you
tramp over the White Woman you find
that she is really mountain saddle more
than two miles In length. the outlines of
the female figure being lost.
On Mount Orizaba
l stopped at Orizaba on my way from
Mexico to Vera Cruz. The town lies on
tinent. south of Alaska. This is Mount
Drizaba, which is surpassed only by
Mount Mckinley.
Orizaba City itself is as nigh as the
top of the Alleghenies, but 1t is sur
rounded by coffee plantations. and the
thermometer there was 30 degrees in
the shade. while the hot, humid air was
that of the tropics. The perspiration
stood on my face as I looked up at the
top of the mountain above me and saw
its mantle of perpetual snow.
n..... 4 o o.. II
and it IS harder to ascend than Popo-
oatapetl. The first men who ever reached
the top were some Of our American Of
ficers during the Mexican war, and the
next man who went up was a Frenchman.
He made the ascent In 1851 and found on
the peak tattered American flag float
ing from a staff in which was cut the
date. 1SiS A few years later this same
Frenchman attempted a second ascent
and nearly lost his life while doing so.
The present starting point for Mount
Orizaba is a little village at the snow
line, and | am told that there are several
dry caves on the way near the trail,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
Their Devotion

From an Exchange.
They were comparing the American
and English navies, and, speaking Of
the fine class of men that go to make
up both, when Senator Warren of
wyoming told of the American tourist,
who visited an English man-o'-war.
1T so happened related the senator.
that he was on the boat on Sunday,
and the thing that impressed him tho
most was the Sabbath morning service
Every sailor not on duty was In attend
ance, and it was with a feeling of admira-
tion that the visitor contemplated the
scene Afterward, he got in conyersa-
tion with one of the jackies.
"By the way, he asked are you
obliged to attend the Sunday morning
services?
''Oh, no, sir, was the startling reply
but our grog would be stopped if we
O1dQ [,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
BY LESLIE MARSHALL

Guy Fawkes Day, and it is surprising
10 find the energy with which the ami
versary of the abortive plot to blow up
the house Of commons is celebrated, even
in London. Always before the reigning
monarch opens parliament, the Beef
eaters solemnly search the cellars for
conspirators. But it is the display OF
guys" by day, and OF fireworks at night
which characterize the occasion. In some
quarters of the metropolis you see boys
and youths escorting ridiculous dummies
and chanting an old-time doggerel ditty,
a modernized version of which runs:
Guy Fawkes guy,
Stick him up on high,
Stick him on a lamp post,
And there let him die
Ha'penny loaf to feed the bloke.
PennOrtn of cheese to choke him,
Pint of beer to wash it down,
And jolly good fire to r1ast him.
Still older is the ceremony of the collec-
tion of Wroth silver, a custom at least
1900 years old. 1t takes place every year
at Knightlow, in Warwicksh;re, on the
Duke of Buccleuch's estate. The official
notice states that the dues and demands
payable from various contributory places
in the Hundred of Knightlow must be
met before sunrise on Martinmas eve.
Before dawn, a large number of sight
seers assemble on Knightlow Hill to wit
ness the audit, as it is called The pro-
ceedings are organized and controlled
by an official of the Dukes estate, who
reads 'thc charter of assembly" This
explains that about 30 parishes are con-
cerned in the ancient tax. the respective
contributions ranging from two cents to
just over half dollar The money is
deposited in a big block of sandstone in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-20
Thirteen Story skyscrapers

From the Pittsburg Dispatch
An insurance company that has taken
a census of the tall buildings of New
York discovers that there are more thir-
teen-story buildings than of any other
height. 1t shows 1156 buildings over 10
stories high. of which ss9 are 13 stories
while those of u stories are 100, and so on
down or UP. The public is left to specu-
late whether this is because builders OF
skyscrapers wish to show their scorn OF
the 13 superstition or that their money
generally gives out when they set up to
the thirteenth story.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1913-06-19
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