The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-06-29
SAYS TRADE UNIONS
|. EXISTED N $500 B. c.
BRITISH sAvANT HAS FOUND
MUMMY OF MEMBER OF "CAl<E
SELLERS UNION"
UNEARTHED IN EGYPT
EIGHT HUNDRED GRAVES FOUND
IN CEMETERY ExCAvATED
FIFTY MILES FROM CITY
. OF CAIRO.
UNEARTHED IN EGYPT

LONDON, June 2S.--Professor
Flinders Petrie. who has returned
from Egypt, has discovered traces OF
existence Of trade unienisn there in
the earliest cent'iries = - -. -
He lectured on his winters work Tor
the British school of archaeology In
Egyrt recently at University coliege'
and told his audience that the mum
my of a woman had been discovered
proving that she belonged TO the
union of cake sellers Her name
was Isakanthona, and the label which
told OF her occupation also stated the
fact that she was the daughter OF
Apollonlus.
The latest excavations have been
rich in discoveries. king who had
hitherto been unknown Is now brought
! to the notice of the world. The name
| of this king is merely Ha. TO por-
trait was found, but the clue 10 ms
| existence is apparent In the carving
| on a lar which was unearthed IN one
Of the graves.
Scratchy Drawing.
TT is a scratchyS. drawing" SAID
| Professor Petrie, and was evidently
done ty prehistoric person There
is no mention of this king since Mena,
|
( that he must have belonged to date
! nrevious to that and was probably
| short lived"
The work of the excavator was
/ largely confined to the cemetery OF
the First Dynasty $500 F.. CO at
/ rarkhau, forty or fifty miles from
I Cairo, and in the valley were found
about 500 graves Nearly seventy
skulls have been preserved and are
now on their way to London with
4 other trophies
1.-THE period which the excavations
cover belongs to the junction of the OLD
prehistoric races and the new ones,
said Professor Petrie, land some OF the
bodies have been completely preserved,
so that we have been able to get accu-
rate measurements taken of the bones.
These prove to us that the lana was
invaded by people who came from the
North. 1t was an invasion of men
only"
professor Petrie argues that the in
yaders were of a particular clan, and
they were slightly smaller than the
natives One man had made graves
for his family in a courtyard, and he
also made tonhs for his animals,
whose heads were cut off and laid be-
side the bodies.
'srhe animals were probably sacri-
fees" said the lecturer, but not in
the religious sense. They were sacri-
feed simply that they should accom-
\ panv their owner In the other world.
r. ia the first case we know of a
regular burial of an ass in Egypt,
said the lecturer.
A number Of valuable aiabaster
vases we're found, slate palettes and
pottery. which showed that the own
ers lived before the first king OF
Egypt. Besides vases, pottery ana
skulls a number of fints have also
been found, and the excavations nave
served the purpose of finding a gap
| in the history of Egypt which had
hitherto been misty and unknown.
The special feature of the ceme-
tery was the extraordinary preserva-
| ton of both woodwork and clothing
The earliest linen was firm and fresh,
and the wooden collins were many on
them strong and sound. built up OF
planks of acacia or shittlm WOOD IN
some instances the beams ana pores
| of the tomb roof were still in place as
| originally built.
| A valuable feature in connection
with sense of the collins was that they
had been partly made OF pieces or
| house timber. These. Professor Pc
| Vrie pointed out. agreed with the
explanation he had previously gwen or
! the panelled or recessed recoraton
| in buildings He showed by means or
a slide that the planks had rows OF tie
! holes cut in the edges for flashing them
! together, so that they could slide over
one another when shrinking or swell
| ing.
| Some of the examples were deep
| Nv weathered and burnt inside. show
/ ing that a house had been burnt down
and the scraps used as waste for COZ
fin building Collins made of basket
wood reeds or withes were also
! found: wooden trays both of domes-
| tis use and of large size for biers
were discovered In firm condition, and
bed frames with poles beautifully
/ tapered and usually with carved bull $
legs to support them. this furniture
being of kind not found in the
royal tombs or in other cemeteries or
that age.
one Of the most remarkable Of the
tombs had close to II a full sized
human tomb containing only the
body of a duck presumably pet an
imal. while close to 1t was another
tomb containing the bodies of three
asses. The heads had been cut off
and laid on the bodies the interest
of the discovery lying partly in the
fact that the animals were evidently
/ slaughtered with a view of accom-
ranying their masters to the other
world, and that this was the earliest
date at which the remains of an ass
had been found in the country.
Fined For Assault.
Fleming Moore, colored. charged
with assaulting and cutting Thomas
Smith, was fined s25 in Police court
!