The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-11-03
Uncle Sam viii Be
Exhibitor at Frisco


ed. At San Francisco the people will
be shown the disappearing guns used
In ahe actual coast defense on the
Pacific. making 1t possible for all WIS.,
itors to study the real equipment of
the army in guarding the nations
coasts.
And so throughout all parts of the
exposition In which the government
is interested. the attempt will be to
make the exhibits just as realistic
as Is possible. and to show the visi-
tors the actual working conditions
under which Uncle Sam carries on
the nations business. The natural
advantages at San Francisco will
benefit many OF the other branches
OF the government. The departments
OF Commerce, Interior and Agricul-
ture will profit almost as the Navy
and War Departments. Many gov.
eminent exhibits, OF course. will be
suitable only for showing indoors.
and these will be placed In the build
ings in which other related exhibits
are located.
Few taxpayers in American cities
realize the great advances which
have been made In
School Hygiene ORGANIZED health
work In their pub
lie schools during the past ten or
twelve years, according to DR.. Ernest
Bryant Hoag, director OF school n.y.
giene for the Minnesota board OF
health. Or. Hoag has just completed
for the United States bureau of edu-
cation a study OF organized health
work in the public schools, the re-
port OF which will soon be published.
The Minnesota man agrees with DR..
Leonard p. Ayres. another school n.y.
giene expert. that the Improvement
during recent years in the health SUI
pervision of school children Is de-
velopment without parallel in the
history OF education
Only eight cities in America had
any organized health work whatso-
ever in schools In 1900. Since that
time more than 400 cities have or
ganized departments for the health
supervision of school children. AS
late as 1909 no American school had
ever heard of a school nurse. for no
city in the world employed one. but
today nearly 100 American cities have
score OF school nurses as perma-
nent parts of their educational forces.
and more than half hundred cities
employ STATS Of school dentists. Com
menting further on the recent ad-
vances in organized health work in
schools, DIR. Hoag SAYS:
"A few years ago the public schools
made no provision for the education
OF the blind. crippled or mentally de-
ficient, but now In New York city
alone there are more than 100 classes
for mentally peculiar children. while
arrangements are rapidly making for
the care OF crippled and other classes
OF physically handicapped children.
1T was only as recently as 1909
that the first open-air school for
tuberculosis children was opened In
Providence. but today such schools
may be found In something over forty
cities. The special study Of the men,
tally deficient child has engaged the
attention of public school educators
for a period of less than three years,
but at present plans are rapidly max.
ing In many progressive towns and
cities for the careful study OF such
children by the employment OF exact
facts that the physical care OF chill
dren is engaging the attention OF the
serious-minded schoolmen Yet. while
all these facts are interesting and
significant, 1t must not be forgotten
that no uniform methods OF health
organization in schools have been
evolved and that there still exist the
mos, widely divergent beliefs and
practices In this respect
Health work in schools needs
Standardization. TIE experiences Of
cities already organized in school
health matters ought to be studied
by ether places attempting such orr
Sani<aticn for the first time,
In general 1t may be safely stated
that fcfools receive what they pay
for. whatever sort OF pubic service
is worth having Is worth paying for.
We frequently learn Of medical Off.
Ger In schools inspecting many thou.
sand children during the school year
and giving to this work only a pOr-
ton OF his time and receiving for his
services pittance of 5000 or less.
ITO be truly useful, health work
In schools requires special training,
aptitude. time and reasonable remu-.
neration. II Is great mistake to re-
gard this work as primarily medical
In nature, for II Is first above all else
educational. 1t must aid the boy and
girl In health, growth and develop
ment; II must help the school to adapt
its work to Individual physical and
rental conditions II must assist in
the correction of existing physical
defects and in the prevention OF
others: II must teach the fundamental
elements Of preventive medicine: It
must organize and supervise social
service work In the school commun.
ityv