davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Fine Hubbard Squash.

gets In. the wheel hoe and the weed
cutter will remedy this in short or
der
Select your seed sweet corn from
the growing plant. noting not only
the eiZe and evenness OF the ear and
grains. but the number produced on
a stalk Turn the husks back. using
them TO braid the ears together. You
then have a convenient package for
hanging up to dry.
Dig the potatoes, and after they
have dried for a few hours sack them
and store for a few days in an airy
place, then put them In the cellar.
Sweet potatoes will keep better II
they are dug before the vines have
been touched with frost. Sweat them
before storing; IL improves them.
The celery will need banking. Be
careful not to get earth In the heart;
II will cause II TO rot
Make a sowing of spinach for next
spring.
Lettuce can be sown In cold frames
for fall and early winter use.
Radishes can also still be sown sue
cessfully In cold frames
Mulch the rhubarb with manure. II
will feed next springs crop, besides
protecting H.
Asparagus tops not already removed
should be cut OFF and burned.
All melon. squash and pumpkin
vines should be collected and burned
as soon as they have been killed by
| the frost.
Keep the garden free from refuse.
AS fast as any crop is harvested. re-
move the tops or stumps and burn
them. to get rid OF any insect pests
or plant diseases that they may be
harboring. This applies to potato tops,
corn stubble or cabbage stumps.
Squaehes and pumpkins should be
stored in a cool. dry place that 10
frostproof
Pick all beans, both shell and Lima.
before frosts kill the plants. Shell
and dry them for winter use.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

BY CHEsLA sHERLOCKD
Those who are interested ~ poui'
try raising are eager for all the IN
formation that they can obtain from
those who have succeeded. But they
never consult or investigate the meth
ods of the unfortunate enc, who mas
failed to be successful. II they would
do so, they would obtain more inior
nation than II they would read all
the poultry books in existence. When
they do ask the one who failed, he al
ways gives the answer that there
isn't any money In the poultry busi
ness They must investigate fof
themselves, and never allow their
opinions regarding poultry to he IN
fluenced by others The statement
that poultry is Improbable is withost
foundation. The fac, that eggs and
what the results may be. The poultry
poultry today command better price
than ever before shows that the de
mand exceeds the production. and we
an know that where this Is the case.
the production OF poultry aud eggs
will be profitable; Of course there are
many rules that have 10 be followed
before this can be realized
The great reason why so many have
failed is because they have the wrong
idea OF the business As rule, they
think that IL one has chickens-no
matter what kind. and II he feeds
them, he ought TO realize profit They
have the idea that all one has 10 do
is TO invest a few dollars In poultry
and before long he viii be receiving
such an income from the business TO
make living" They do not realize
that it takes knowledge and business
ability to make a success and that
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

milk and $50 pounds of butter Her
owner says she turned a net profit OF
s4025. She was charged with her
keep and credited with calf at only
Sc and value of manure sl7 in addi-
iton to her milk and butter. Pas
ture. feed and milking were all
charged against her The woman
who owns this COW has nine COWS in
her herd and all have been bred up
to state OF high efficiency. She
buys the services OF the highest
priced bull in the county because she
knows II pays.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

not every person or any person can
make II pay. The reason for all these
wrong ideas is that they have made
their plunge" without reasoning out
business must be worked out and stud
led continuously to succeed
In gathering material Tor this a"ti-
Gle. the writer visited the poultry
yards OF many successful and many
unsuccessful poultryMen. IN the yards
OF those that were successful the first
thing that attracted his attention was
the cleanliness OF both houses and
yards. one breeder IN particular used
lime so that IL looked as If the drop
ping boards were concrete. He did
not sprinkle the line around in heaps.
as is commonly done. but he dipped a
broom in the lime and then swept the
boards OF The result was that ey-
erything was cleaned In an attractive
way. and the lime was not so easily
stirred up. II lime is sprinkled in lit
tie heaps and the fowls become ex.
cited, they are liable TO stir II up so
they can hardly breathe. II this hap.
pens, II will seriously retard the
growth OF young chickens. The yards
of this breeder were swept every
morning when the weather conditions
we're favorable. OF course, that part
which he was cutvating for green
food was not disturbed or the part he
had reserved for dust baths. When
he had all the Publish swept up. he
did not pile ii in some corner, but II
was burned Immediately Here lies
one of the secrets of his success.
The next point that was noticed was
that every man had thoroughbred
stock. Some had paid as high as $40
per bird. This does not seem high
to the professional poultryman. but
when the average person reaches
the point where he Is willing TO pay
that much. II shows he realizes what
is needed to make a success. When
one visits a poultry yard and finds
fine, thoroughbred stock he Invariably
becomes friend OF the owner. The
birds are not only pleasing TO the eye.
but they actually earn their salt"
1t has been said that thoroughbred
bird requires lese care. feed and
equipment 10 make . success thAA .
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
HORSE POWER NOT UTILIZED
Average Farm Animal Works About
Three and Half Hours Per Day
Cost ls Twice Too Much.
An M. ]. spILLMANl

Carefully conducted Investigations
show that under ordinary conditions
on American farms work horses are
utilized only about three and a half
hours a day on the average. Horse
power is thus utilized TO less than half
Its capacity. Per unit OF work done
this power costs more than twice what
il should cost. The full utilization OF
the power actually available would
thus reduce materially the cost OF pro-
duclng crops. The cost of keeping a
work horse is on the average about
tl25 year The average utilization
of the horse is about 1850 hours a
year. al an hourly cost OF 10 cents per
hour. II we double the number Of
hours work the horse does-and this
can be done without injury TO the
animal-we reduce the hourly cost TO
g cents.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Effect OF Meat Ratiors.

The effect OF meat rations was test
ed at West Virginia experiment sta
tion, where one pen OF fowls received
a ration largely Of corn and other
starchy grains. while another pen was
fed partly on meat and fresh bone
The meatfed fowls laid 7,555 eggs
while the granted birds laid 343l,
or less than one-half as many as those
receiving the nitrogenous ration. The
eggs from the meat-fed fowls were
larger much frmer. rather better and
produced much more vigorous chick
ems than those of the others. Both
lots OF fowls remained In a healthy,
vigorous condition.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
tBABc0cK TEST IS FAVORED
Plan for Payment According to
Quantity OF Butter Fat.

No creamery can AFFORD to pay on
the space or inch system. since the
BahcOek test has provided simple
and Trustworthy plan for payment az
cording to the quantity OF butter fat
contained In the cream. Some fac
tories, however, still adhere TO the old
plan. In adopting the Babcock test.
be sure to obtain piquetttes, etc, that
are reliable. The experiment stations
In most OF the dairy states will test
these, piquettes free or furnish tested
tubes ut cost Out of l65 patrons
paid on the space system, the cream
contained from II to % per cent. Of
butter fat, the best being worth twice
az much as tho poorest. Individual
cows yield cream that varies as
widely.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
ONIONS FOR VERY EARLY USE
Tops OF Seed Stalk Produce Small
Bulbs Which Should Sc Set Out
During Autumn Season.

II you are fond OF young onions do
not iail TO set out a bed OF top
onions" for the very earliest use in
the spring They do not form bulbs
but are more In form like scullions.
Yet in the early spring before snow
has entirely disappeared. It is indeed
refreshing to be able to find an opicn
bed ready for use The tops Of the
seed stalk produce small bulbs which
stock renewed from year TO year
While the plant 10 perennial, the bulbs
are more tender when grown each
year from bulbs planted in the au.
tumn.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Degrees of lumpy Jaw.

There is an unnecessary preiudlce
against iumpy-jaw cattle, according to
Or. NJ. II. Reynolds Of the Minnesota
station. A considerable percentage OF
these cases are passed by government
inspectors as III for food purposes
Only the very bad cases. especially
those where the disease affects sew.
eral organs or parts OF the body. are
condemned
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

the wagon in position IN 'h.s manner.
II should be uope, not by pulling the
animals back by main strength, but
by talking TO them, accompanied by
gentle pull or the rens.
A colt properly trained is worth
considerably more than one with lit
tie or no training on account OF
greater ease in handling, and a great
er amount OF work accomplished with
lees risk to both driver and the ami.
mails. Il would be time well spent II
more attention were given to these
matters by farmers and horse dealers.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
TEACHING A COLT TO WORK
Modern Draft Animal Needs but Little
Trainina-Waikine Gait 10 Essen
UaI. but Neglected.

Not enough care is given to teach
ing colts 70 work. We often hear OF
breaking colts: but there Is little
breaking TO do with the modern draft
colt. They do need to be taught few
things. such as backing with a load
and standing quietly when stopped.
How many accidents occur from the
team starting before they are told to
start. and II can be avoided usually
by proper training.
The walking gait is most essential
in heavy work horses. and yet IT lie
often neglected In the training. So
many young horses know nothing
about backing. for little attention is
paid to this accomplishment In horses.
and yet II is often very necessary that
the team understands how to place
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Commercial Greenhouse

The foundation OF commercial
greenhouse should be OF cement. the
frame Of iron and the purlins in cold
be as large as possible. 20 inches by
90 inches having been found To be the
most economical As to the size Of
the houses one 10 feet wide should b.
loO feet long
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Cover Crops for Orchards.

In Michigan peach growers SOW oats
and barley These have been salts
factory, but now sand vetch Is most
popular. II makes a mammoth growth
and adds considerable nitrogen TO the
soil. These crops act as blanket TO
hold the leaves and snow, thus pre-
venting deep freezing and root injury.
In spring cover crops are turned un'
der
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Character Of Hoo Shelter

Hog sheds need not be expensive.
but they should be dry. tight enough
TO exclude rain and also capable OF
being well ventilated in simmer when
the weather is hot and shade Ia
needed.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Apple rreea NAV Re Saved.

II there are any old apple trees on
the farm that seem next TO worthless,
think seriously before cutting then
down. II necessary get the opinion OF
an expert orcharcis, Under proper
treatment they ma be made quite val
liable " taken In time.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

Vegetables Of a leafy nature. such
- cabbage, lettuce and spinach, are
greatly benefited BY the application
Of lime. In order TO grow profitable
crops Of lsttuce and spinch II y nec-
sseasy 70 fsstiliss libsrally.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
GATE MADE TO WORK EASILY
Cast Iron Roller Fastened 70 Posts
VIII Permit Movable Frame to
Slide Without Trouble.

The ordinary farm gate is too heavy
TO slide easily. There is a cast.iron
roller made for this purpose. which IL
sold In hardware stores II is fastened
10 the posts so the gate slides half
way back. In a long gate there II
always a center piece W and down,
with a diagonal brace running from
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
BIG RECORD OF LITTLE cow
Jersey on Nebraska Farm Produced
$500 Pounds OF MIX and SEQ
Pounds Of Butter In Year.

This little Jersey was bred by a
woman on Nebraska farm. She was
bred up from a common grade grand
mother by thoroughbred bulls and
shows good form except the head
which is a trifie too large. But she
produced last year $500 pounds OF
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

the center to the front end OF the gate.
The posts are mo-tised TO let In
twoinch block. and the casting that
holds the roller is let into this block
and an iron washer slipped over the
bolt so the casting will turn easily
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Weejv Pastures.

4 Pastures weedy? Good time now
TO cut them over. II you cant drive
mower over them, take scythe and
stick right 70 It till you have made
= thorough Job Of n
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02
Hone end Sheer.

II the farmer is looking for quick
returns In live stock and for large
percentage on the money invested.
there are no animals ON the farm
that VIII beat the SOW and the eve
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

Attention to feeding with respec; 10
Inc feed itself and TO the method viii
reduce the cost OF horse power 70
ouired to do the farm work
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

p. SEssiE l. PUTNAM
Save your squ>sh seeds from the
hrst really good Hubbard that ma.
tures. Like begets like, and IL you
wait until the late ones are ripe. you
simply make a selection that will
produce later fruit another year.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-10-02

The Burbank plan has many applica-
tons which the ordinary gardener
win do well to observe.
Keep the late crops growing. II
the soil is lumpy or the goldenrod
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
MILDCURlNG SEASON OVER

Among the fishing outfits which have returned from the Stikine river this week were Messrs. Johnson & Hadland who organized a co-partner- ship fishing business last winter. They left here early in the season with a complete mildcuring plant of some consequence. They report a fairly good season. MT. Johnson said that they had shipped 40 tierces of mild cured and 125 boxes of fresh salmon, and while they have not made a great deal of money, still they have made what they call very good good wages. MT. Johnson came here from the Mid. dle States last winter, took in the sit uation and condition of the fishing bus mess, and made up his mind to enter into it. From now on, the firm will prepare for the herring season and in tends to go into that line of the bus. mess extensively.
 Mr. Johnson expects his family in on the next trip of the Jefferson, to that end he has secured the Barkdull house T he family consist of five grown daughters and two boys who will be welcomed by the young people of rg-Petersburgh Progress sive
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
PIONEERS HOME WOULD
 ACCEPT ENDOWMENT

Representative A. c. Shoup, who has been named as superintendent of the Pioneers home at Sitka, is thoroughly interested in building that institution into one that will be a pride of the good it will be able to accomplish for the old pioneers that have made Alas ka what it is by blazing the way for those that have come after them and reaped what they have revealed to the world. and he is firmly convinced that it should be held out to the pioneers and prospectOrs of Alaska as a guar antee against want in their old age and the days when they will be unable longer to care for themselves or pros ecute their work as prospectors. He believes if this idea of the institution were generally accepted by the people, that there would be donations made by those that can afford it toward a fund to serve as an endowment for it.
 There are many people in Alaska and out of it who have made fortunes in this country" said Mir. ShOup yes terday, because other pioneers that have not fared so we'll have made that possible believe they would be willing to contribute to an endowment fund if they understood that such a fund could be made large enough to make the institution permanently sue cessful as home and not as a charit- able institution. An endowment fund would not have to be large to give the institution an income sufficient to pro- vide the occupants of the home with a great many of the things that would contribute to their pleasure and inter- est in life.
 "The Legislature will appropriate enough, probably, always to privide the actual necessities, but there are many things that the old pioneers should have that probably the Legisla ture would be reluctant to vote tax payers money to pay for.
 "We want good library, for one thing. For another, we would like to secure a good gasoline launch that would accommodate hunting and fish | ing parties. These and many other things could be provided and main tained if the trustees had an income that an endowment would provide The old pioneers are not only entitled to the necessities of life, but they should have all that is necessary tC provide them with something that would entertain and keep them inter ested in the things worth living for"
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
COL. JACkLING
 COMING TO JUNEAU

Col D. c. Jackling will arrive on the Alameda. He is coming for the pur- pose of looking over the work that has been done in the Alaska-Gastin- eau Mining company's development project. There has been great pro- gress in each of the three divisions of activity since Col. Jackling's last wis it in Juneau, which was in December of last year At that time the old Per severance stamp mill which was to be- come the experimental plant for the mines, was lying in ruins, the tunnel work at Sheep creek was only fairly started and the Salmon creek power station on the beach had not yet turned a wheel.
 Since then a new experimental sta tiOn has been erected out of the old Sheep creek stamp mill and is now daily in use. The first unit of the Salmon creek power project has been in operation for months furnishing power for the other development work. The mine development at Persever- ance has been resumed and the Sheep creek tunnel has progressed, at the rate of twenty feet and over each day.
 Aside from this all of the main buildings for the camp at Sheep creek have been completed and are now ready for use and the site has been cleared of brush and logs so that the foundation for the great reduction plant may be built. At Salmon creek the site for the great impOunding dam has been cleared ready for the great concrete wall. A system of transpor- tation has been created and placed in operation that conveys material to the site in the minimum of time and at the lowest possible cost.
 Everything has moved along swiftly silently and with certainty. The things that have been accomplished in so brief a space of time are impressive to men who understand the work and know the goal that has been set.
 F. G. Janney, the mill expert who has charge of all the ore reduction plants in which Col. Jackling is inter ested. and George Bradley. his me, chanical engineer. are accompanying Col. Jackling on this trip. It is ex pected that they will be here several days.
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
JUDGE LYONS MAY
 LOCATE AT SEATTLE

Judge Thomas R. Lyons will prob ably locate in Seattle and enter the practice of his profession in that city While he has not made arrange ments, and is yet somewhat unsettled as to his plans, he thinks he will prob ably remove from Alaska, where he has lived for many years, and become a citizen of the Puget Sound metrop olis. He has a large acquaintance in Seattle and other cities of the lower coast, and many opportunities to form advantageous connections there.
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
One Juror Selected for
 Macdonald Trial

lenthal, for the defense, stated that they did not want to lose any time but that they believed a more repre- sentative jury mould be gotten by such procedure. The court held that it was manifestly the disposition of the former judges of this court to retain the present jury and add to it by open venire and it was so ordered Marshal H. L. Faulkner was ordered to secure an open venire of fifty.
 Frank Harvey, the only remaining trial juror was called and examined At this point the question of chal- lenges was brought up and it was held that each pre-emptory must be made as each venireman was called. Mir. Harvey was accepted by the defense after an exhaustive examination and also by the government.
 There was large attendance in the court room. friends and acquaintances of the defendant, and witnesses that will be called in the case.
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
GREEK AND BULGAR CUT LAST TIE
Railroad Men
 Ready to Come

It is not at all astounding that American railroad men are prepared to rush into Alaska as soon as they are assured that the Government will adopt a progressive policy. The fact that several connected with important enterprises in the United States are preparing to make journeys to the territory should not cause undue surprise. It is only what might have been expected once they had reason to believe that the ob- structionists had been routed. Alaskas slow development has not been due to ignorance or indifference on the part of capital The men who represent the big things in the United States always have been ready to do their part. All they asked was a chance.
 The Territory has been marking time solely because impractical vis- ionaries were in control of it's affairs and so discouraged initiative that the mere suggestion of a development plan was enough to rouse a hue and cry of biased opposition.
 Let Uncle Sam remove the barriers that have been erected-let him adopt the same policy of encouragement that he evidenced in the settlement of the great West and there will be no need to worry about capital or the men to eXpend it.
 Americans, naturally, prefer to in- vest under their own flag. This de- sire is common to investors of any na- tionality. It is only inability to find an outlet in such channels or repres- sive measures that drive capital into foreign fields.-Seattle Times.
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
TOO FAST DRIVING ON
 GOVERNMENT ROAD
--O-O-

Complaint has been made that au- tomobile drivers and motor cycle rid CTS are reckless in their driving on the government roads leading from Ju- neau. Several persons are said to have had narrow escapes on the road leading to Salmon creek only recently on account of the excessive speed maintained by the machines. These roads are narrow and in places have steep and slippery sides rendering travel precarious at a high rate of speed especially where there are short curves.
The Alaska daily empire., 1913-07-08
INTERIOR CONCENTRATES
 ARRIVE IN SEATTLE
70

SEATTLE, July ?. - Bringing the first shipment of concentrates from in- terior Alaska the steamship St. Hell ems, of the F. J. Dodge Steamship O.. arrived in Seattle from Nome and St Michael this morning.
 For the last five years the people of Fairbanks, Alaska, have been develop ing the quartz mines in that vicinity. and this shipment of 90 tons is the first that has been shipped to the out side. They have many paying quartz mines, but until the last year have paid no attention to the concentrates, confning their efforts solely to the saving of the free gold.