davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
]. DOGS d FOR FARM DIRK
AS vALuA6LEsAs TRUsTY HIRED
+ MEN, SAYS WRITER. #
American AoricuiturIsts Have Not euf-
\ fio'ently Appreciated Their Wide ?
Usefulness, Though It Is Rec
49, oQnized In Europe.

In England and Scotland farmers
learned long ago the value Of dogs
to farm work. There the universal GUS
tom Is to have dogs daily do their
part the same as trusty hired mon.
! Here in America, however, few farm
ers know the value of well-trained
dog. We are the losers because OF
this fact. We will learn, of course,
In years to come; and working dogs
that are daily help will replace the
countless farm help insists" now I'm
posing on the farmers generosity.
i 1t once happened that the owner OF
some sheep dogs worked them back
and forth among focks of sheep at
the same place where many farmers
were assembled In convention. The
farmers witnessed the work the dogs
were doing as the sheep were moved
from barns to pasture, through pens,
gates and lanes. They were amazed
to find them 80 helpful and wondered
at their intelligence. They saw them
60 quietly around the edges of a pas
ture and gather in the sheep from
Tar away, while the owner waited at
the gate. They saw them herd the
sheep along the lanes, doing work two
men could not have done. And they
'protited by what they saw.
They began to believe that the use
full dog will eventually be on most
American farms, when we get to
studying more carefully for ways and
means to save work and expense. 1t
may be on some large estates many
different men are employed, thereby
leaving little opportunity for anyone
to train dog. But on the average
farm this Is not the case.
Any farmer tired from a hard days
toll would praise the faithful dog that
would go the mile or two into the
pasture to bring in the cows while he
prepared the feed for them.
No reference Is made to the dog W.
find on many farms that knows only
enough to run and snap at stock.
driving them in whatever direction
they care to go. Such dog is OF
little value, for he drives the stock
away as often as he brings them back
to the pen they have left. Such dog
might have developed into good one
1t was the fault of the master that he
was never trained. Let no man for
get how important it is to have his
dog we'll trained and carefully edu-
Gated to do his bidding. The green
unframed dog is like the unbroken colt
or the new hired man. Neither Is
good as a real helper until taught to
do as you wish him to do.-Farm and
Preside
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Denraved Benevolence,

"One of the queerest old human
freaks in New York shows up around
the police station whenever there is
report of runaway boys In town." said
a policeman. Ellis purpose would not
be exactly approved by the Bible so
cieties. He does not want to lecture
the boys or send them home or i'm
prove their morals in any way. He
simply wants to crafty their thwart-
ed ambition and show them Coney
island and the Bowery before they are
yanked back home by angry parents.
That is what most of them run away
tor-to see Coney island and the Bow
ery-and this old codger argues that
any boy who has grit enough to stand
the hardships Of stolen ride to New
York ought to be allowed to see those
places. His benevolenoe isn't all
wind, either. He is willing to foot the
bills if the boys will be allowed to go;
but very few of them are. That is
what breaks the old gentleman's
heart. He lays aside small sum Of
money each year for this peculiar
charity"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Oriuin of a Name.

The Tenderloin district in New York
derived its name in this way: Within
it's limits are many gambling houses
and other disreputable resorts. About
SO years ago, when Capt. Alexander
Williams of the police department was
transferred from down town precinct
to the precinct bounded by Fourth ave-
nue., Sixth avenue, Twenty-third and
Twenty-fourth streets, he anticipated
some choice pickings. and remarked;
For long time I have been accus-
toned to round steak, but hereafter T
shall have plenty Of tenderloin." The
name seemed to hit the popular fancy,
and from that period the district came
to he known as the Tenderloin.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31


rs one place where no substitute seems
to be possible for wood, and that is
the ratsrod roadbed, says the Boston
Advertiser It Ia true that both metal
and concrete ties have been expert
mented with to certain extent, but
1t is also true that neither of these
has attained the position Of of salts
factory substitute. For some reason
the railroad engineer prefers the old
fashioned wood kind of ties.
This has created distinct problem
for the railroads. Ties become worn
out and need to be replaced. New
lines are laid and ties must be forth
coming. Extra tracks, on lines where
the traffic has increased, demand ties
before they demand anything else.
Formerly all that was necessary was
for the engineer to make a requisitinp
fer 30 many ties for the department Of
construction. The ties came as easily
as could we'll be imagined. Persons
all along the road had trees which
would make up into splendid ties. Oak
this purpose and were to be had at a
very reasonable figure. But that was
before the price of lumber went sky
ward with the rest of the market.
There was very good reason for the
price of lumber going up. It was IL
response to the shortness of the sup
ply. The railroads walked up to the
fact that the supply Of ties was short.
The situation was so critical that it
resulted in instant action on the part
of the roads. They were forced to go
into forestry. Nothing else, no other
course, was open to them. Today
many Of the railroads have their reser-
vations, where they are growing the
sort Of trees which they need for ties.
But they are doing something else
which ~ quite as important as the
growing O. treea~ They have been ma
king experiments IN order to find out
how the life of thsse valuable logs of
wood may be Increased. Various pre-
sentative treatments have bean adopt
ed, and the result has been that the
life span oe ties has been increased
enormously The more expensive
woods now can be used for as much
as twenty-five years if the preserva-
tive treatment accomplishes what is
expected Of it. The life of the less ex-
pensive varieties has also been in
creased. It is thought that the life
of the railroad tie has been tripled by
the various means Of preservation
which hhve been adopted.
The whole matter shows how the
railroads are being constantly called
upon to solve new problems and how
successful they are in finding ways out
of difficult situations. it also goes to
show that if men will only keep on ex-
perimenting and hoping they will find
way out of many seemingly impos-
sible situation.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Bla8tinu at the Canal.

In the last five years the operations
on the Panama canal have required
40,082,850 pounds of dynamite Cor
blasting, or an average of 8,016,570
pounds per year. The estimates for
the year ending June 80, 1912, are g.
533, 900 and for the IL months follow
ing only 3,986.500. The comparatively
small amount for the latter is due to
the approaching completion of the ex-
cavation work, which will make the
total of dynamite used over 100000
pounds. Reckoned by tons, that will
be $4,000 tons, which sounds bigger
or smaller according to the mind Of
the person reading it.
For the coming fiscal year the esti-
mated need of other materials for
blasting is 32s,000 blasting caps, 1910
pounds of insulated tape, 10000 feet
of connecting wire, $4,000 feet Of
lead wire, 627,700 feet of electric
fuses. $4,000 feet of triple tape fuse
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
PAPER MADE FROM GRASS

Paper from bear grass is to be man
ufactured at Ell Paso, Tex. For years
the grass was regarded as nothing but
a nuisance until the paper idea was
worked out at St. Louis, Mo. After
five years Of success there, Ell Paso,
which is in the midst of millions of
acres Of the grass, is going to make
paper. It is claimed that the highest
grades of paper for ordinary print and
commercial uses can be made of bear
grass, and the prices raIge lower, be-
cause there Is an abundant supply and
tie cost is all in gathering the grass.
An acre Of bear grass makes nearly
as much paper as an acre OF Maine
spruce trees, and the grass grows an
nually. " looks like sharp comneti-
ton for the spruce, which grows in
no such hurry as that by about forty
years.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
they Originally had when Sicily was
occupied by the Greeks and are grace
full and convenient.
BILLIONS OF MATCHES USED

It has been estimated that for each
minute of time the civilized nations
of the world strike 100000 matches.
This is said to be the average for
every minute of the "a hours of the
day. Fifteen hundred billion is the
number for the entire year, and those
persons who live under the American
flag are charged with the consumption
of one-half of this amount. Small and
insignificant as it is, the match de-
mands as much attention in the choice
of woods involved as any other for
est product. Only the choicest por-
tons of the best trees are suitable
Sapwood and knotty or cross.grained
wood will not do. Instead of being a
by-product, the little match is turned
out in mills where the by-products are
bulky objects like doors, sash. shin
giles, sidings, posts and cordwood. The
pines, linden, aspen, white cedar, pop
lar, birch and willow are the most
suitable match timbey1
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
0BEDIENT 10 ATuRE's LAW
Constant Change Goes On, But An,e1i.
can Race 10 Not Threatened
~ = With Extinction.

An effective argument against the
theory advanced once in q while that
Americans are becoming degenerate
and are bound to die out. a complaint
also made by the English concerning
themselves, Is advanced by Lieut.. Col.
Charles E. Woodruff, Medical corps, u.
s. army, who is now stationed in the
Philippines. . --....-
There Is no ground for such absurd
pessimism. =" says Woodruff, though
as matter Of fact there is plenty
OF evidence that certain types in each
nation British and American) do have
a higher death rate than others and
that there is constant slow change
In the general average. Both ciuiliza-
lions have been built up by ixnmi-
grants and it Is a law of nature that
change of racial residence is always
followed by extinction or alteration OF
type through the survival Of the fittest
for the new environment.
Moreover, there has been con-
slant immigration into the British is
lands from the beginning of things hui.
man, and the influx of new blood has
always kept civilization humming,
even II each invasion in olden times
did destroy part of what it found.
The same phenomenon is being re-
peated in America with the sole dr..
ference that the invaders, except in
Mexico and Peru, have not destroyed,
but are constantly building up. The
process of decay Of certain types is
also quicker in America and the new
blood comes into prominence sooner
than in England.
Very few Of the descendants of the
slgners of our Declaration of indie
pendence are in public life and most
OF them are nonentities, while immi.
grants and sons of immigrants are in
the seats of the mighty. The descend4
ants Of the signers of Magma Charta
controlled England for many centuries,
though none of that stock is in evil
dence now, while the present control
ling elements date back some Gen.
tur:es and very few are recent arrivals
from the continent.
1T Is high time that we find out who
are the t1ttest in each part of America.
Every bit of evidence is of son.e value
and that Is the reason why the tre-
mendous victories of the American
Olympic athletes have such a scientific
and popular interest,"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
CANARiES HELP THE CHOIR

Canaries, caroling an unusual ac-
compartment to the organ and choir,
were used in the Venice Union church
the other night as an aid to righteous
ness. The pastor, Rev. Fenwicke L.
Holmes, decided to surprise his flock
with the unique plan.
The congregation accordingly filed
into church frightened by the mel
ody of dozen pretty yellow birds, i'm
ported from Germany, their cages
swinging at advantageous points high
above the heads of the worshipers.
The canaries interrupted the SER
,non very little. But when the choir
and the congregation arose to sing
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
INGENIOUS Number Ten.

1t appears that little or nothing
was known of guard duty by certain
members of military organization
that went into camp for an outing
this summer in Ohio. One night when
it was raining cats and dogs there
rang out this call:
Corporal of the guard, post TO-"
The corporal on duty, turned out,
messed his way across nearly half a
mile of sodden ground, was chal
lenged and advanced.
What is it," -.
"''Tag. You're it," was the jocoss
response Of No. 10. Whereupon No.
10 went to the guard tent under ar
rest. When he got there he observed
nonchalantly, Thanks! Just exacu1
what wanted .ss5s
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Very Danueroua.

DR.. Albion E. Eazard Of Ottawa, at
a dinner during the Railway Surgeons
convention in Philadelphia, told 4
seashore story.
"A physician" he said, was asked
at Atlantic City IL bathing was dan-
gerous for old men.
"The physician with a frown re-
piled:
VERY dangerous. My millionaire
uncle, widower OF seventeen years.
started bathing ON the Fourth, and
yesterday ran OF to New York with
a summer girl Of eighteen and got
married at the Little Church Around
the Corner"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
USED FOR SHARPENING SPEAR

An interesting discovery of Roman
remains was recently made at Walls
end, whose name, Of course, marks
the end Of the great Roman wall
which stretched across Britain. One
object found was the stone seen in
the photograph, showing how the Ro-
mans sharpened their spear heads.
The round hollow in the middle would
contain water, in which the spear
heads would be dipped before being
rubbed on the cavities at the side.
Traces of the guard chamber of the
eastern gateway were also found
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
HOW, THE ANT COMES BACK

Not only naturalists but every one
who has watched ants has wondered
how they find their way to and from
their nests. A French naturalist, M.
Cornetz, has been observing ants in
Algeria and in recent issue Of La
Nature tells the results Of his obser-
vations.
The ant, he says, in it's outward
journey, proceeds throughout in the d.
rection initially chosen; on its return
the insect places it's body at the same
angle, and walks in the opposite direc-
ton. The body Of the ant would there
fore act as a kind OF compass needle.
If an ant is caught at the nest and
transported to point some yards dis
tant, the insect Is quite incapable of
finding it's way back. It runs around
on the ground until it accidentally
comes across the entrance to the bur-
row. The case Is quite different If an
ant Ia allowed to find its way to a
distance unmolested On leaving the
nest it places itself in certain d.
rection and holds the same, no matter
Wu6I OOoI1C4C0 ~ AAoy WSSI Will Su
route, and no matter what side tracks
1t may occasionally strike in order to
seize some article of food or of struc-
tural value for it's nest.
The return is effected directly, rap
idly and without hesitation, even If
the ground covered has been swept in
order to change it's relief. The return
is obviously determined completely by
the outward trip, and an ant which
has left its nest on voyage of ex-
ploration finds it's way back just be-
cause it has made the outward jour
ney
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31

Kansas Woman's Bank Account. :
: A woman went into one o! The
banks in Fredonia and said Is thu
cashier, Z should like to open an &C.
count at this bank, If you please"
We shall be glad to accommodate
you, madam. What amount do you
wish to deposit?'' .sv. -. -. {,
= "Oh, hut ! mean charge account
such as I have At the dry goods stora.'
-Fredonia Herald 81
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
HAS GRADE OF - PER CENT.
Railroad That Scales Peaks Of the.
eernese Alps In switzerland
- steepest In World. S.

The rack road up Mount Pilatus, che.
Of the Hottest peaks of the Bernese
Alps, in Switzerland, is said to have.
the steepest grade Of any road In the
world not operated by cables. Rising
from the western shore of Lake Luz
cerne the rails ascend the precipitousa
side Of the mountain, 6,998 feet to its,
summit. SO
When the road was being construct
ed it was necessary to fasten spikes
into the rock, says Railroad Mems
Magazine, against which the construc-
ton gang could brace their feet while
laying the roadbed.
Starting from an elevation of 1,450
feet above the sea level. this line
climbs $500 feet in distance of 15,-
$50 feet to the summit. The grade
at the station of Alpnachstad Is SO
per cent. At no place is it less than
10 per cent. In several places it Is
48 per cent.
In order to climb the grades an
entirely new system was devised by
Col. E. Locher The roadbed is built
throughout of solid masonry, capped
with granite flagstone. The ties are
steel channel bars, anchored to the
masonry with U-shaped bolts at every
three feet.
The gauge is 2.52 feet. The rails,
as in other rack railroads, merely sup
| port the weight of the train. The
track bars are set on edge, 50 that
| the cogs are vertical. This arrange
| ment is necessary because on the
steepest grades cog wheels would
have tendency to climb out Of any
horizontal rack.
Engine and car are built on single
frame. The horizontal boiler, six feet
long, is placed crosswise of the track.
so that the water level in it will not
be disturbed on the grades. The
speed is little more than three feet
a second, or about two miles an hour.
Thirty-two passengers are carried.
Parts of this road, particularly on
the Eselwand, an immense. rocky wall
nearly vertical, are the most sensa-
tional bits Of road building to be found
anywhere. The railroad creeps along
the face of this wall of rock on a
shelf tilted up at an angle of So per
cent. Men had to be suspended over
the precipice with ropes to start the
work. There are four short tunnels
on this precipice. This remarkable
line was built in 400 days.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31


of the modern city
are so arranged as
to need but little
wood, when COM
pared with the
O t her material
which goes into
their construction.
Steel cars are to-
day the type which
is likely to prevail.
The time will
come when wood
will play a far
less part in the
construction of or
binary priv t e
houses than it did
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Unnecessary Railroad Fatalities.

"stop, look both ways, listen, and
don't walk along the tracks," are in
functions that would, in the light Of
recently published statistics, material
" reduce the number of fatalities on
the railroads, If carefully observed.
The majority of the people killed by
accident are classed as "trespassers."
OF 1896 killed on the railways in
1911, 6,2S4 were trespasserS- In ten
years tho total number o. deaths by
accident was 51,083, of which only
1910 were Of passengers.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
OYereedinQ.

A lot of people eat too much and a
lot more don't eat enough. Some stuff
till there isn't room for another swal-
low and then eat some more in be-
tween and then kick that they haven't
enough. There are those whose earn
ings Just spill over in thimble, but
who expect results as II their weekly
check covered all Manhattan. A good
rule is to leave off eating while
there's still room for more, and fill II
up the next time.-New York Press.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Modern SIxnq,

Sunday School Teacher-Johnuy,
what do We learn from the story Of
Joseph?
Johnng-That Joseph was straight
aud his brothers were crooked. Il
Sunday School Tsacher--Why, John.
ny, bow do you make that out? *
Johnny-Weff, you see, Joseph must
nave been straight because Pharoah
made a ruler of him, and as his
brothers were Sent on getting rid Of
him they must have been crooked.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
TEACHES A NOVEL CLASS

Isaac Jones, retired whaler, steam
boat man and soldier, of Somerset,
Pa, teaches what is probably the
most novel Sunday school class in the
country. For 20 years he has taught
class in the Somerset county Jail
During that time six of his pupils, he
is quoted as saying, have been hanged
and one other has been convicted OF
murder.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Hampered.

Nov, my dear young lady," said
the professor. you are going out in.
to the world. Ny. advice to you Is
this: Be yourself" ~
I'D like to, professor" was the un-
expected response, ''but my dressmak-
er won't let me-" AZ
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
Well Described.

The other day q young woman
teacher took eight of her pupils
through the Museum of Natural. His
tory. a. E: z ~ - -
We'll, my boy, where did you 80
with your teacher this afternoon? ?
asked the mother OF one Of them on
his return. 81. .5s :.
S* With Joyous promptness he an.
swered: She took us TO . dead cir
! -. YOUTHS Companion.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31

Sir recently knshd
his
Londo 1t is exact reproduction
Palace OF
by the kings This discovered in 1896 French
NJ
bases ~es deposited in the Louvre details
buildings
Identified
lean blue, while
heads Of tho capitals:
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31

hymns, the feathered songsters burst
forth into musical cadences which
greatly enhanced the human praises
of the Creator.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1913-01-31
ADD 70 LIFE OF TIES
VARIOUS PREVENTATIVE TREAT
MENTs THAT WORK WELL
Neither Metal Nor Concrete Being
Found Effective az a Substitute
for Wood, the Railroads
Had to Do Something.

= In many lines substitutes are being
found for wood. The great buildings
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1913-12-21
MAGIC MUSIC.

This is a grand game that children never tire of playing. To play magic music.'' carefully count number and see that there Is a chair for every play er-minus one. Place the chairs, fac ing outward, in circle on a double row; then let the children, to brisk and lively music, dance around the circle of chairs. The music coming to sud- den stop is the signal for the players to rush for the chairs, when. of course, one is left without Q seat and out of the game. A chair is then removed, the music and the dancing are resumed, the music again stops suddenly, again the players rush madly for the chairs, again one is left out, another chair is removed, and so on till only one chair is left with one child seated in 1.-the victor in the game.
 The rules of the game are, first, that no one must touch chair while marching on penalty of being put ont of the game: second, that if two players sit on the same chair at once the um- pire shall decide which has the right to 1t and in case of doubt may order the players to march again, and, third, the person who removes the chair shall act as umpire.