Western Carolina Democrat and French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1913-1915, 1913-08-28

posed of but while it is being fed
The best way to keep accounts is &c
take IN inventory at the beginning oil
the year, making note of the value OF
the farm, equipment, feeding stun;
snimals on hand. etc; then fix a price
On all the feed consumed, grazing
Crops utilized and labor required in
taking care of the animals until sold.
This will require that scales be
handy, feed be weighed, and daily or
weekly records be kept. But this is
worth while. There is no other way
accurately to determine what pork
costs per pound ON your farm. and this
Information is necessary for your u
cess in breeding and feeding.
The most important consideration In
raising hogs is crops for feed. 1t is
seldom profitable to raise hogs where
al 1.-The feed must bbought. Breeders
know this and try to raise as much of
the feed as possible. I'll of the grain
should be raised, forage crops plant
ed for grazing, and as much of the
concentrates produced on the farm as
Is possible. Usually it will be neces-
sary to buy only a small quantity OF
concentrates such as cotton seed meal.
tankage, shorts, bran, etc. Many
crops that furnish protein, can, as d
rule, be grown on the farm. Among
the crops that may be grown for this
purpose are alfalfa, peas, soy beans.
peanuts, etc. As the protein is the
most expensive element in a feeding
stuff when bought, It will be seen that
good business requires that these
crops be grown when possible.
One of the advantages of raising
swine is that these animals consume
~by-products and some products that
WOULD otherwise be wasted Skinned
Eailk is a by-product from the dairy,
yet it is a most excellent feed for
swine. When fed with grain and pas
ture, SKINNED milk generally insures
economical gains. On most farms
there are sweet potatoes, sorghum,
unstable fruits, surplus vegetables,
all of which should contribute toward
economy in feeding. Where cattle are
fed corn economy requires that hogs
follow the cattle as this saves grain
and enables the breeders to reduce the
cost of feeding.
Since the cost of producing swine Is
very largely dependent upon the cost
az feed, it follows that the cost of pro-,
ducing crops is a large factor in chea7
pork, or economical fleeing of breed
ing stock. The price of pork will gen.
orally fuctuate as the price Of corn
and other grains rise and fall. Like
wise will the breeders's profits depend
Cpon what it cost him to feed corn.
kaff1r, milo, grazing crops, etc.
Pasture. in permanent fields must
also be taken into account because it
has value and it is a part Of the origi-
nal investment.
Grazing crops must be made us OF
freely where the permanent pasture
is not sufficient to furnish s%uccule1t
food when it is needed, and since the
permanent pasture is seldom ample
tor this purpose, special crops must be
grown. There are a number of crops
taat may be used for this purpose and
the breeder must select those that
produce the most pork at the mini
mum price. To do this, a knowledge
must be had of the cost of growing
the various crops. 1t may require
several years for the manager to ar
i've at the estimate of growing crops,
hut it can be done and it should be
done in order that the feeder NAV have
information.
Much depends upon the CONVEX
icnces at the disposal of the feeder in
reducing the cost of labor. The place
must be supplied with water, if pos
sible, under pressure. so that the AMI
mails may have an abundance of pure
water, not only for drinking but to
cool their bodies in hot weather. Econ
ony demands that little time and labor
De required in watering the herd.
An abundance of hog wire is always
needed to permit the manager to fence
off his fields to be graZed so little time
will be lost in transferring from one
field tn another. A general plan
should be followed in building farroW-
ing pens, breeding pens, and the va
r1ous pastures and fields. Simplicity,
convenience and economy should be
for tt allow a wider margin
the profits.
It will cost something to keep the
water, feeding troughs and sur
sanitary, but it is absolutely
from a business point OF
view. One outbreak of cholera or
swine plague may destroy the profits
and demoralize the herd for several
years. The breeder cannot afford to
take n risk, hence he will incur the
expense of keeping the place sanitary
as ~essar cost in production.
The cost of marketing is an item
that should have the greatest atten-
ticn. Every breeder should carefully
work out his own plan, remembering
advantage of. cooperation with his
neighbors and fellow-breeders, n
always to sell his animals on
heir merits. Every dollar saved in
marketing is one dollar to add
to the profits. !
1t is hoped that some of these sug-
gestions may seem practical, n
cause some one to work out business
principles that will make his opera
ions more successful. Atlanta Jour
nal.
IT. NLnIE~no nVrn I