Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1913-04-04


Ia, splice graft; b. tongue graft. parts sep
arate: c, tongue graft, parts united. d.,
waxed wrapper applied
in splicing or tapping the scion on the
stock by scarfing each at the same an.
GLE When close joint is secured the
parts are held in place by means Of
some kind of wrapping material.
Tongue grating differs from splice
grating in that both scion and stock
are split at corresponding points on the
scarf with thin bladed knife so as to
form tongues. The object of this is to
unite more FIRMLY the two portions and
present larger surface for the eilu-
sion of cell tissue and to promote the
callousing process This is the method
commonly practiced by nurserymen I'M
der the name of root grating.
In root grating thrifty one-year-old
stocks grown from seed are taken up
in the fall and stored in cellar or
buried In the soil. where they VIII keep
fresh aud be accessible at any time in
winter when wanted The scions haY
ing been secured in the fall. the work
of grating may be performed at any
time during the winter. The roots only
are used in this method and they may
be cut in two or more sections. accord
ing TO their size and length or the de,
sire OF the propagation. But the larger
or stronger roots, as rule. may be re
lied upon for the most satisfactory re
suits.
Foreign Methods.
In the foregoing methods of grating
but especially in the first, the parts
must be held together by some kind of
bandage or tie, This may be made Of
thin cotton cloth or tough manila pa
per spread with melted grating WAX
and when cool cut or torn in narrow
strips of convenient width for wrap
ping, But the most common method
now practiced is to employ cotton yarn
drawn through melted wax and wound
upon a spool from which 1t is used
when wanted
These root CRAFTS, after having been
tied in bundles with each variety sep
arately labeled may be packed away
in moist earth or loan and left in n
cellar free from frost until spring,
when they should be planted in nurs-
cry rows in the open ground and cult
waited for one. two or three years.
when they are ready to be transplant
ed to The orchard site.
Thorough cultivation in the nursery
rows should he given and some atten-
ton should he paid to training or shap-
ing the young trees. so as to insure
the best results when transpanted in
the orchard
Cleft Grating,
Cleft grating is generally done when
the stock is considerably larger than
the scion and where the operation is
TO be performed above ground The
stock is split downward. after it has
been cut OF Mt the point where the
scion is to be inserted, by using fine
tooth saw The bark should he cut
through first Ia avoid being torn and
so that the sides of the cleft will he
smooth a wedge is put in to keep the
cleft omen for the insertion Of the
scion which is cut wedge shape with
long slope. ore edge being a little
thicker than the other. The object OF
this is to have the pressure of the cleft
greatest upou the outer side where the
union is 10 be effected.
If TIE stock is large enough a graft
may he inserted on each side Of the
cleft, hut il both grow one should
eventually be cut off After the scion
has been properly inserted the wedge
Should be carefully withdrawn, ieav-
Ing the scion in place, 50 That the IN
uer bark of the scion and the stock
shall coincide II the pressure Of the
cleft DE upi ~uIiicieut to hold the scion
~ place r. MAST be wrapped With elotg
or stFl4r A"tpre waxing.