Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-02

as primarily medical In nature. for Il 10
first above all else educational 1t must
aid the boy ard girl In health growth
and development ii must help the school
to adapt It's work to individual physical
and mental conditions 1t must assist In
the correction Of existing physical defect,
and IN the prevention Of others: II must
teach the fundamental elements OF pre-
w ntive medi inc: Il must organize and
supervise social-service work In the school
community
The heads Of a number ~ the branches
Of the government. 'nc'ui'ng the chill
dren's bureau the INT
Child Welfare ed states p,b'ic health
service, the bureau o.
NVAseAslVA. the census and the bu-
reau Of education. are Interested In 4
notable gathering Of chrd welfare e<-
merits who will begin four-day sessions n
WASHINGTON. November ~. The occa-
sion viii he the fourth annna' meeting or
the American Society fo- St"dv ard Pre-
vart,nr Of Infant Mortality. the president
NJ which Ia DR. T.. Fmnett Holt nf New
York The orxaniza tion's directors IN
c,ude MANY ~ the hest known welfare
workers Of the T7nited States in"lnTfny
Mics rane Add,ms ~ CHICAGO. Prof rrv-
tho F~sher Of Vale T'n've-ei|v Homer
E,'Ls ~ New vo-k Mice Tn''a q a
thrco rhsee ~ she rhr6~e.'a hurea"' w
" w SYSTEMATICALLY ~ the I'n'ed
cta+ae nuhl'r heath ser''tce w tressv
T uyfhnr ~ tha Waived S+otee hn~oan OF
the census Mics Gertrude 2 Vrf-w. en-
e~-+'ve secretary ~ the aeso"iaf'"" o.
pa,t,mo-e and others The American
.eeocia.tcn for Study and pravenf"n or
aecocia.,on Of tie tina IN tho wn~'d am
hos aeal'ated with Y ninetv babv am
chrd welfare societies located IN all parts
Of this country
Eugenics ono prenatal care are two OF
+he most irnpo-+ant subjects -'h'ch VII
no a,scussea Diving the meeting Other
topics which win be taken up ard o's-
crssed fully nv the scores o. de'e~a@"s
who VIII come to washington 'n"lude
,~ch,eros IF infant hv~'ore and a-f"'f
welfare nursing. confirmation schools OF
hornemahine the relation of vita s'a-
list ca TO plans for social betterment nnd
the relation Of the pan for the conse-va-
ton Of infant life to the general locals
Of conserva ton.
Among those who have heen placed on
the program for discussion IT the sub
iect Of prenatal care. which Will he taken
10 at the serond DAYS session. IS
Mrs Max West of the United States
|
thor Of the recently published government
document on prenatal care. DIR. J w.
Schereschewsby Of the puN]fc health serv-
ice has been ASSIGNED to lead the discus
son on the relation Of heat and infant
rorta,itv. symposium on the use OF
vita, statistics in preserving infant life
vii, ne orened nv DR. w. c. Woodward
health officer op the District Of Columbia
This will include brief statements by
various health officers and others on the
Al % frAn
ing birth statistics In this country DIR.
Greasy L Wilbur Of the bureau OF the
census is expected to be one who Will
s~aak IN this subject.
Miss Julia c. Iathrop. chief of the chit
d-en's hurean. e tho chairman Of the
a~ecntiva committee to consider Vita and
social STATISTICS but. owing to the fact
that che Is in rhica~o while rec''oer"ti ting
from an attack of rara+vrhoid fover,
che VIII not he aH1e tn attend the seas'ons
ue~ duties In r~e-aring the nroe-ao and
roakino arran~e-rents for the d srrssiOn
hava been ca-r'ed on bv the sa"~etary
% tho ro~r-~ittaa. whn is a-uis Merriam
. cc:s+art chief Of the ch''d-en's bureau.
Child welfare evrer+s rcnstde~ the Orob-
Ton, OF keerIro accurate hi-th rate sta
t'e+'re IF the rnnst 'rnrc~tant fnatu-eS
In the study oP irsant MORALITY. herause.
unless the-a Is accurate information on
10th the h'rth ard death rate IF infants.
" Is irn-oss'H1a 10 gat the fr,''est value
mt Of the Investigations inok'n~ IN the
,rever+'nn ~ high infant MORTALITY At
the present time on'v few states hove
ADEQUATE birth and infant mortality
records.
A c'ty's sewers rrovide the brown rat.
one of the most dangerous meraces to
public health. with an
Brown Rat ideal subway system for
$780, rapid transit from one
oAi"S' place TO another. accord
Ing to DR.. French si~pson. rast assist
ant surgeon of the United States pubic
health service. who has Just completed
a study of the ratproofine of sewers.
To a considerable extent. says DR..
e'm-son. rats enter and follow this high
way in their migra+!ons from house to
house. and the numHer present bears a
somewhat definite relation to the num-
her living In nearby premises. The rat
nrcoeng Of city sewers would not only
reduce the danger OF spread Of disease
by rats but would reduce the number
Of rats 'nfesting homes. and provide an
innrortant means for their general con-
troll and final elimination.
Dr. Simrson has carried on a study
OF ratprooNng OF city sewer systems
chiefly In San Francisco where the In
| tereet In ratprooang Is greatest because
of the outbreaks of bubonic nlagne
which have broken out In the Pacific
c~ast city at various tires and which
disease Is carried by the flea-i,fested
rats. The study of rafpron@ng Of sewers
Is MADE In connection with a study of
ratproo6ne OF buildings COMPLETED by
the public health sar,,'ce Some weaks
ago. DR.. Simpson believes that little
| rroe-e~s can be made In the elininat on
OF rats from the city until all sewers
as well as buildings are made practically
rstproof.
Government health evperts have found
UNIQUE way of constructing sewers to
! that It 8 imnossibe FOR rats to escape
rom them and enter nearby houses
They have measured the jumping a.ility
of the ordinary brown or sewer rat and
have found that the rodent cannot lump
upward moe than three feet They
have. therefore. decided that thoroueh
ratproosn~ can be obtained ~har RI r.
is d stance Of at least three feet be-
tween the sewer met and outlet so that
the rat cannot jump into the street from
The sewer basin and when the construc-
ton Is such that all sed ment Is discharg-
. ed Quickly.
Sewers may not he pleasant thing for
many peoDie to think ahout but the gov
eminent evnerts saw that all menaces to
health ORIGINATING in the improper con-
struct on Of sewerage systems must be
''emoved. to promote the thorough SAN
+ation Of a city MANY sewers not only
! harhor rats. but they form ideal breed
ing nlaces TO- MOSQUITOES "Cnfor-
tunately." says DR.. Simpson. 'the water
n sewer traps has proved an idea breed
ing place for mosquitoes. In the inves-
figation of numerous npcn,,ifo conn