The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-08-09

turned the government, eXiled Santa
Ana and installed Paroles as presi-
dent, but counter revolution in the
following November overthrow Par
edes and reinstated Santa Ana. When
the American forces captured the City
of Mexico, Santa Ana left Mexico, and
provisional congress entered into
the treaty of peace with the United
States, then he returned and was in
control of the government until 1898,
when Alvarez in May headed revolu-
ton and Santa Ana was exiled and
chaos reigned; five different presi-
dents were installed in a period of
four months and Comonfort, the fifth
one, suppressed the revolution headed
by his rival, Orcheala, and executed
Orcheala, and held control until 1886,
when ZulOaga, backed by the clerical
forces of the country, raised a revolt
and conquered the forces of COmon-
fort in a seven days battle in the City
of Mexico, and Comonfort fled from
Mexico. Zuloaga was then made presi
dent and in two years of office he re-
VOked the most of the laws of his
predecessors Restricting the privileges
of the church, and the officers of the
army, and for funds to carry on the
government he eXacted forced loans
from the wealthy and foreigners, en-
gagged in commerce in the country, un-
til the governments of England.
France and the United States joined
in a formal protest, which was un-
needed, and a revolution was headed
in Vera Cruz by Juarez, a pure blood
educated Indian, followed by guer-
rilla riSingS all over the country and
looting of towns and cities and mill
tary executions became almost daily
affairs until November of 1859, when
Zuloaga resigned and was succeeded
by General Miramon.
United States Legation Recalled.
The legation of the U. S. government
was recalled from the city of Mexico
and a treaty was made with Juarez
for trades routes for American COM
merce from the gulf to Pacific Ocean,
across the isthmus of Tehuantepec
from the Rio Grande via Mazatlan to
the Pacific, and from Guaymas into
Arizona, and American troops were
granted the right to pursue guerillas
Indians and robbers in Mexico. To es-
tablish a stable government in Mex
ico the United States granted Juarez
a subsidy of $4,000, 900.
Juarez subdued all armed opposition
and governed the country, working for
its best interests, though despised by
those of Spanish descent. on account OF
his Indian blood by the higher Off
Gals of the state and army, because Of
the scrupulous honesty he required Of
all in office, and by til church for his
restrictions of clerical privileges.
Incited by Mexican clerical malcon-
tents, led by Spain and France, for
eign nations demanded excessive finan-
cial indemnities for the acts of his
predecessors in office in depressing
their citizens, and in the latter part of
December 1861, a Spanish expedition
landed at Vera Cruz, to be followed
early in January of 1862 by French and
English warShips with armed forces,
and the three nations, England, France
and Spain sent a joint note to Juarez
demanding redress and indemnity TOR
all the illegal acts of his predecessors
in office. In April, on the arrival Of
large achievements to the French
army Spain and England withdrew
from the alliance and recalled their
forces from Mexico, and the French
commander declared against Juarez
and marched on the City of Mexico
and the war with France began. Mex
lean officers of Spanish descent raised
forces and Joined the French army of