davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21
DISEASED NURSERY STOCK.
Ignorance Regarding the Diseases of Fruit Trees Has Resulted In
Great Loss to Growers.

the trunk, or branches and shoots
con ng from the roots. They are
often seen about the margins of
wounds, or at the forks of
branches, where while finding
food they are more or less protect
ed. Their is a downy cotton-like
secretion from the body of the in
sect, which gives a mass of them
the appearance of blush white
mold. The insect m~ultiplies
throughout the milder parts of the
year by the birth of living young,
which are produced agamically
from wingless females. So the soil
becomes fairly lousy with them in
time. The insect spreads rapidly
toward the approach of winter by
the appearance of a generation of
winged females which fly about,
assisted In their travels by the
winds. The result is a wide dis
tribution of the insect. These in
turn bring forth a generation OF
males and females. A winter EGG
is soon deposited on the bark OF
the tree in some creyice. 1t matches
in the following spring, and a new
colony is soon started.
Particular are should be used t.
plant only clean stock. Nurser,
trees showing much injury By
woolly-aphis should not be plant
ed. Trees from among infested
stock should be treated by dipping
the roots in kerosene emulsion
containing about 10 per cent o
kerosene, after dilution. Dipping
the roots for a few seconds in wa
ter maintained at a atemperatur
of I35 degrees to $50 degrees F
is all effective simple treatmen'
!, when it can conveniently be done
Special care should be taken t
protect trees the first few years.
Buyers of nursery stock shoul
: insist upon having a proper o.
fetal certificates of inspection Wit
all trees purchased, as a safeguar
against diseased trees.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21
MAKING THE CAMEMBERT CHEESE.

their surfaces III salt. When salt
ed lace upon dry boards. salt side
up. and the next morning the salt
will have dissolved and the most
OF 1t difused into the cheese.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21

Twenty-Five years ago, :. II. Co
ger bought a I6o-acre farm near
S:abetha. Kan, for $1,000. He
sold it in September for $4,000
cash.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21
BY EARNEST WALKER.

iit'i oCAy StOSk has DccH SOlO 10 lar
mers and fruit growers which later
Developments showed was affected
by various diseases of which the
buyer was antirely ignorant. Crown
gall and ~wooly-aphis are two very
common diseases found on young
orchard trees.
An orchardist who set out an or
chard fifteen years ago told the
writer, on learning of the nature of
crown gall, that he remembered
noticing it on the trees and was
confident half his trees were affect
ed with gals like the sample when
set, though at that time he was ig-
norant of the nature of the disease.
In reply to a question as to how
the trees had done, he reported
that they have " "done much"
Crown gall is found on peach, al
mond, apple, pear. raspberry, rose,
and similar growths on various
other plants, but whether the Or
ganism is the same in all instances
is as yet undetermined. 1t is known
to affect seedlings as we'll as graft
ed trees, and the disease can be
communicated by direct inocula-
ton. 1t has been shown that
crushed gals placed in the soil in
which seeds are planted will pro-
duce the disease on the seedlings.
The disease is therefore conta-
gious. There is evidence to show
that on trees transplanted to the
orchard the gals continue to grow
forming ultimately large warts
When they girdle tn trunk they
Interfere with the movement OF
sap. Young trees often die of the
disease. The gals of varying
sizes affect the base of the trunk
the larger roots, and sometimes oc
cur on the stem above the surface
of the soil. Affected trees SHOW
signs of starvation, yellowish TO
liage and enfeebled growth.
There is no effective treatmen
Knotty Roots Caused by Woolly
Aphis. The Smaller Trees Ar
One Year Trees, the Larger Ar
Two Year Trees.
known. All familiar with the dis
ease recommend the destruction Q
diseased nursery stock. Nurse
lands in which disease has game
a footing should be used for farr
or other crops for three years c
more. Apparently healthy tree
which have grown among tho:
affected with a crown gall shoul
have the roots dipped in Bordeau
mixture as a precaution, before sc
ting them in the orchard.
Woolly-aphis seems toSbe ever,
where present on the roots Of o
chard trees, as we'll as very con
mon on nursery stock.
Young or old trees badly affec
ed by wooly-aphis are apt to be;
a feeble appearance. The leav'
will appear pale and y%ellowish. II
insect is especially injurious
young trees. If the trees live a fe
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21

81 ~a1N
up. and the next morning the salt
Will have dissolved and the most
OF it diffuSed into the cheese.
SHOULD SANDY LAND BE
FLOWED THIS WINTER?
\ South Mississippi farmer
asks: Does it pay to pillow sandy
land during the winter"
There are two questions invoi-
we'd, which when answered will
give the answer to the main Ques-
ton asked. First. will the land be
injured or improved by the winter
blowing. and second, can the pillow
ing be done in winter at less ex-
pense or more economically than
next spring when the crops are 10
be planted:
Ordinarily. we suppose, ii would
be answered that sandy land is not
benefited by winter blowing. but If
there IS a large amount of vegct-
able matter on the land. like grass
and cornstalkS. or if it is desired
to pillow the land a little deeper
than usual, 1t may be wise to p'ow
it during the winter, or at least. a
month Or more before planting the
crop. OF course, ii would have
been better to have plowed this
land last fall and sowed a cover
crop, but hat is not the question,
and we do not wish to dodge the
[ question now up for solution. be
: hind any such advice.
| II the land does not wash and
has a fair amount Of vegetable
! matter on it, we believe it will pro
7 duce a better crop next summer II
: ploWed during the winter. Ii the
e land is to be plowed deeper thar
usual at any time before the mex
e crop, we feel quite sure that under
the conditions named it will pa>
e to pillow this winter.
: But assuming that this is doubt
: full, or even that the land would
q produce a better crop If not plowec
G until spring, then there is still Il
) be considered the advantage of do
ing the blowing before the rush 0
l. work, which always occurs at seed
e ing time. II there is no other WORT
q to be done during the winter tn
: blowing car be done at much les
cost, and If the team force IS insult
ticient for the rush of spring work
IS the crop can be put in earlier an,
? better if some winter blowing j
'r done. In vie wof all these fact:
a. we repeat, if the land does no
G wash and there is any considerable
a amount OF vegetation on the Ian
d, we believe it will be profitable t
nj pillow it this winter or at least
ot month or two before planting tn
crop.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21

W SIaAAS
is absolute cleanliness in room
where it is made. The floor should
be Of cement or some other water
tight material, and should slope to-
ward a drain pipe, so that it can be
readily flushed with water. The
walls can be made of wood or
bbrick, preferably the latter, and
should be covered with whitcwash
or enameled paint. This coat of
whitewash or paint should be re-
newed from time to time after
cleaning off any dirt that may &C
cumulate, and also for the purpose
of disinfecting the room if this
should be needed.
The room must be frequently
ventilated, no matter what the tenn
! perature Of the outside air may be,
and yet it is to be maintained at a
constant temperature. For this
purpose steam should be provided
as stoves or other heating arrange
ments do not warm the room as
quickly or satisfactorily.
An ordinary dairy sink with wa
ter and steam taps is necessary
The steam pipe should connec
with the water pipe by a tee, SC
that the water an be heated to an,
desired temperature.
AS the tools cannot be CLEANED
properly with hot water alone, it i
advisable to provide a steam ches
or sterilizer of some sort wher
they a be left in contact wit
live steam.
A strong wooden box lined wit
, galvanized iron and having a valv
at the bottom as an outlet for cor
densed water has been found 10 b
very satisfactory. It is provide
with a strong cover, which can b
fastened to the box with clamp
! The whole arrangement should |
made SO as to stand a slight pre-:
1 sure. This box is especially us'
i full for sterliizing the boards an
can bottoms used to hold tt
cheeses duruiung the ripening PR
cess.
: The milk used in making Can
embert cheese should be Of tt
: best quality, that is. clean N
:. fresh. Two quarts Of milk are +
quired for each cheese.
The milk is poured into the v
and by aid Of water and steam
! heated to s. degrees F., this b
ing the temperature best suited {,
the growth of the Tactic bacteri
A starter is added, the amount d
pending upon its strength and c
l, pacity for developing Tactic aci
!, usually three quarts of a mediu
starter for every 100 pounds
milk.
1t is best to use a starter VIII,
is a pure culture of Tactic orga
e ism, prepared by inoculating ste
ilized milk with these bacteria.
cheese and butter making sor
, homemade starter is general
used. such as sour milk or butte
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-01-21

Daniel had just been cast into the
lions den.
Thank goodness. they weren't bull
mooses." he cried.-Judse.
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
COUPON SALES
No Mail or Phone
Orders.
Children's
Drawers. Sc

HIS COUPON
and &c for Chill
dren's II U g ! ! n
d "a w e r 8: made
w 1 t h buttonhole
bands and finished
with tucks; sizes 2
to 10 years. 0imit
two to a buyer).
The Washington times., 1913-10-05

S Yds. Crash,
29c
T II I S COUPON
and 29c for five
yards of Unbleached
Union Linen Crash;
heavy a b S sor b e mt
grade: for roller or
tea towels. Worth
l0c ward CTl
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
Boys Golf
Cans. 3Sc

THIS COUPON
and Sc for Boys
regular SOC English
Band or Polo Golf
Caps. of blue serge
and woolen mate
rials, also cassi-
mere. CD
The Washington times., 1913-10-05

HIS COUPON
and 1ec for Boys
! Silk and Satin
Fancy Four-in-Hand
Ne .kwear. tTD
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
Mems Clothing in the Sal

Is Mems Fine Quality Black
vicuna and Thibet Cloth Fan
Overcoats; silk faced to the edge.
Values worth SIS and ell TX
and $50. Sale price
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
SITS Couch
Covers, 4c

HIS COUPON
and 94c for tapestry
Couch Covers; 50 in
ches wide; 3 yards
long; IN Oriental.
striped and figured
designs; in green,
red, tan, brown. and
sc. Reversible
and extra heavy
weight. (TD
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
4Oc Crex. 2Sc

~ SsSS SoS
T III ! S COUPON
and sc yard for gen.
uine Crex Hall or
Stair Runners: tape
bound sides; plenty
of { h e popular
green CD
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
20c Window
Slaadex 19c

T HIS COUPON
and 19c for Opaque
Cloth w ! n d o W
Shades; 3x6 feet;
strictly first quality;
in white, ecru, me-
dium and d a r X
green. I'd
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
Coat Forms,
Soc

T HIS COUPON
and Soc for Ali-Lin-
en- Coat Forms; fin
ished with hair cloth
and felt; full length;
all sizes. Lining
Dept.l I'd
The Washington times., 1913-10-05
Soc Pants. 25c

5Uc Pants, Z5c
HIS COUPON
and Csc for Boys
F an cy Cashmere
Bloorner P a n I S,
made with elastic
bottoms; sizes S to
s years. Cd
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
TUESDAY, AUGUST 10, 1913.

ed sentiments of protest, "oh,
everything goes, you know, during
Old Home Week." and listen to
what they say. Ask them if they
are in favor of such unlicensed folly,
and their answer will be sufficient.
Some people want to make the
Old Home Week an annual occasion
for Honesdale. Was Honesdale
really benefited by Old Home
Week? Is it of that character that
will pay us to try and perpetuate?
The answer is obvious.
Then let Honesdale and Wayne
county stand by and for the Chau-
tauqua every year. 1t is worth
while. 1t will pay in every sense.
At it's conclusion each year all who
may patronize it will not have that
sense that they really need to go
somewhere and clean up by taking a
good moral bath.
Now isn't what we have said
strictly true? n-..l ii, .-.
Be sure and buy your season tick
ct before Thursday.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
COURT NOTES.

r. NJ. Salmon appointed master
in the divorce case of Isabelle Faatz
libellant, VS.. Edward Faatz, respond
ent.
In the matter of the appointment
of a guardian of Kathryn w. Gray in
the suit of Frances E. Gray, William
B. Gray and Louis V. Gray VS.. Mabel
A. Gray and Kathryn w. Gray, w. j
Barnes appointed guardian.
Libel in divorce filed. by Fred E.
Stinnard, libellant, VS.. Anna Stin-
nard. The couple were married on
October 2, 1907, and lived together
until Feb. II, 1913. Cruel and
barbarous treatment toward libellant
the grounds.
Petition to change the polling
place in election district No. 8 in
Buckingham township on account of
the burning down of the former
place. Building known as Wood
mansee feed house designated by the
Court as prayed for.
P. H. Iloff, master in the divorce
case of Clara Reidenberg, libellant,
against Frederick Reidenburg, made
his report to court and recommend
ed divorce.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
BISHOP TALBOT ABROAD.

Bishop Ethelbert Talbot and wife,
and the bishops secretary, Miss Bes-
sic r. Jeter, have sailed from New
York city on the steamship Minneap-
oils on a trip to England. Return
ing they will leave England Septem-
ber 81, arriving in New York city
October 6, on the steamship Mime
haha. While in England they will
spend the greater part of the time
in oxford, where they will occupy
the famous home of Lady Westland,
who is a close friend of the bishop.
The bishop will have the entire free
dom of the home, with it's many ser
wants, etc. On his return, the bishop
will remain in New York three weeks
and attend the triennial Episcopal
convention in the cathedral opening
October s.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
STOP FOREST FIRES!

The Department of Forestry at
Harrisburg has just issued a forest
fire poster 14x22 inches in size, to be
distributed generally over the
forested regions of the state. 1t
contrasts vividly the advantages of
protected forests and the curses
which befall us as the result Of forest
fires.
Forest fires, in most cases, result
from the carelessness or indifference
of some one. A burning match, a
cigar or cigarette stub, or pipe ashes
may be heedlessly dropped along
the edge of road or path through
the forest; a small fire at camp or on
a game runaway is built and not
thoroughly extinguished; these little
things may be the cause of untold
loss in many ways to innocent peo-
pie.
Sometimes people see forest fires
start, and do nothing to extinguish
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
COMPETITIVE JOURNALISM

According to the Independent that
is the only newspaper in Wayne
county. 1t has no competitors.
Others who may be trying to do a
little publishing are lost in the
shuttle. 1t certainly is too bad!
Each week The Citizen prints and
circulates never less than SO col
umns of local news, county CORES
pondence, editorial, general news,
stories and miscellaneous matter, in
Guiding business news from Homes
dale merchants. The Independent
generally prints S4 columns, or -
columns less than The Citizen, and
the columns are the same length in
both papers. There are people who
actually say that the quality of The
Citizen is fully as good as that of
the Independent, and some even are
sure that it is little better.
From now until Jan. 1, 1914, The
Citizen will be sent to new subscrib-
ers for 20 cents. Tell your neigh
bors about this, and have them start
right now, for the sooner they start
the more numbers they will get for
their quarter of a dollar.
In the meantime the Independent
is quite sure it has no competitor,
and The Citizen will have to peg
along the best it can under the cir
cumstances
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
THE SANITY OF HARRY X. THAW

The escape to freedom of Harry
X. Thaw early on Sunday morning
not only throws the name of that
individual on the front page of the
newspapers once more, but it brings
up a question afresh as to his SAN
ity.
In a sense Thaw is insane, as all
intensely jealous minded people are
insane. In another sense he was
perfectly sane, for he knew exactly
what he was doing all the time, and
he carried out his plans with the
accuracy that comes of sane, and
most careful calculation.
These qualities have again been
shown in his escape to freedom.
1t was no chance escape, but plot
ted affair, whose foundation was laid
deep and we'll. The real secret may
possibly never be known. That the
escaped man will not soon be re-
turned to Matteawan is a certainty.
One feature of the published tes-
timony when he was undergoing an
examination from a corps of alien
lists a few years ago gave a clear
line on his mental acuteness. He
told one of the doctors that he did
not like him, and when pressed for
a reason quoted the words of Tom
Brown, an English writer, who near
ly $50 years ago wrote them:
II do not love you, DR.. Fell,
The reason why l cannot tell;
But only this l know full well,
l do not love you, DR.. Fell"
Say and>think what you may about
Harry X. Thaw, but there are few
people could give as sane a reason
for a personal dislike he could not
explain.
And nothing written above is to
be considered as excusing Harry X.
Thaw for any of his many acts of
lawlessness and viciousness, for The
Citizen does not believe in apologiz-
ing for the criminality of anybody.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19

them when they are small. They do
not realize that the greater the fire
the greater their own individual loss.
The unfortunate condition is that the
greatest evils resulting from forest
fires are not direct. Diminished
streams and impure water may not
be noticed for several years. The
gradual increase in the price of wood
may not be attributed to the local
fire. The money that might have
been brought to community because
of its beauty is not missed because it
was never expected. The failure of
farm or fruit crops is blamed upon
"the weather" or "the bugs" when
unquestionably the real cause was
changed forest conditions in the
neighborhood. The poverty of re-
gion is blamed upon "hard times,'
"the administration" and other in
definite things. Forest fires have
made tree growth impossible, hence
numbering and other industries de-
pendent upon the forest are impos-
sible. The soil is too steep and too
poor to form and is constantly get
ting poorer or thinner. There is
nothing to do but move out or starve.
Fires may increase the berry crop
or the pasturage for a few years but
the final result is far less than a
crop of forest trees would yield.
The words of the poster are:
STOP FOREST FIRES!
Forest fires destroy existing for
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
1T PAYS TO BE COURTEOUS.

According to the Sun the follow
ing incident recently occurred down
in New York:
Shortly after the workmen had
finished the landlord took especial
pains to show to each tenant the bill
for doing over his fiat. The house
holders regarded that attention in
different lights, according to the i'm
provements they had fought for and
got. Some looked frightened, think
ing it pretended a rise in rent, some
apologetic, others defiant The third
floor right man was noncommittal.
Three days later he called at the
landlords office and showed him a
slip of paper. 1t was bill for six
shirts, summer socks and ties, a
straw hat and blue serge suit.
Whats this got to do with me?"
the landlord asked.
ooh, nothing" said the man.
Just an interchange of courtesies.
Nothing like being neighborly, you
know"
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
BETHANY.

Bethany, Aug. 1S.-Tuesday Mrs
NJ. d. Slayton was summoned to the
bedside of her brother, Wallace
Bastbinder of Miners Mills, who was
stricken with a paralytic stroke and
she left on the noon train. Word
came to the relatives here Thursday
evening of his death. Mrs. j. V.
Starnes left on the Friday afternoon
train to attend the services at the
home Friday evening. lnterment
was made on Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Judson Noble and
daughter, Ruth, are spending the
formers vacation at Fallsdale.
Mrs. Samuel Casey is spending
two weeks in New York and Long
Island.
Edna and Ethel Hawker, of Homes
dale, are spending their vacation
with their parents here.
Noel Woodward left on Thursday
for Scranton and other places to
visit friends.
Mr. and Mrs. Allan Lawrence, of
Scranton, called on relatives here
Friday.
There has been some shingling
done to buildings here this past two
weeks. The large roof of the Peth-
lex shop, William Hauser's house,
Mrs. Charles Faatz's barn and Ernest
Bodies house.
Miss Welch, of Honesdale, is
visiting her sister, Mrs. D. w. Man
ming.
Mrs. Rush Kimble visited her sis
ter, Mrs. Edward Ward at the Gam
nell home, Thursday. Mrs. Ward
expects to spend next week with Mrs.
Kimble at Pleasant Valley. The
Misses Halsey and Gilchrist enter
tanned Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Gammell and
Mrs. Henry A. Bennett at supper on
Wednesday and on Friday Mrs.
Ward and Mrs. Gammell were en-
tertained at dinner by Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles FaatZ.
DR.. and Mrs. w. H. Swift, of
Honesdale called on friends here
Friday.
Marshall Ward spent Tuesday at
Beach Lake.
Albert Butler and friends were
callers in town on Saturday.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
PROHIBITION IN CHINA.

Chinese laws are MEDIEVAL, but ef-
fective. Some years ago the raising,
manufacturing, producing, selling
and use of opium was absolutely
prohibited throughout the whole vast
empire. Since then sixty-seven per-
sons have been convicted Of violat-
ing the law, and have been sentenced
in each instance to be burned alive,
and the sentence has been relentless
ly carried out in each instance. In
China prohibition prohibits.
The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1913-08-19
THE HAPPY MAN.

The happiest man in the world is
the common everyday chap who
makes his own living, pays his own
bills, and saves a little money as he
goes along, but doesn't try to get a
corner on his local output and he is
not slave to ambition or society.
He never expects to wear out his
trousers in the senate and when he
glides out of bed in the morning, he
never wastes any time trying to pick
out the right tint of socks, suspend
ers and necktie that will blend with
the general effect, ~.
He only wears a high collar when
he feels like it and when his pet corn
begins to jump be jerks out his knife
and cuts a four cash in the side of
his shoe and nothing is said about it
in the local paper. He never has to
sit up at night to poultice his con-
science. rG.r 4 u .s. ,'''+.'.".'
lie believes in the doctrine of live
and let live. When he encounters
one of the needy, he doesn't stutter
with his pocket book. The plain
plug of a man is happy because he is
satisfied and he doesn't spend half
of his time yearning for something
which his salary will not permit him
to buy.
Give us more plain men and the
world will be better.-Exchange