davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
SLAVERY IN SHORT TIME.

WASHINGTON. Jan. 6. Sanuel
Gompers, president of the American
Federation of Labor. appeared befor,
the judiciary subcommittee of The
senate this afternoon, and discussed
the injunction laws with the mem
beTs in an effort TO secure the repeal
of Objectionable regulations, which.
he declared, are a weapon in the
hands OF the corporations.
The labor leader informed the
members OF the committee that the
employers. in whose interests the
injunction laws were passed. are
as much TO blame for the labor
troubles of the United States as aye
the men who do the striking With
cut adequate laws TO compel the
corporations to treat their employees
fairly. Gompers declared. the men are
compelled 10 strike for their own
protection. The committeeman were
told further, that the workingmen
of the United States would be re-
duced TO slavery within very short
time were they to submit to the
tyranny of the soulless concerns
which dominate the country.
MRS. ARCHIBALD ON STAND.
WASHINGTON. Jan. 6. The
principal witness called by the de-
Tense today in the Archibald i'm
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
NO RADICAL DEPARTURES

HELENA, Jan. I. Samuel V.
Stewart, the newly elected COVER
nor of Montana, addressed the legis-
lature today with his first annual
message Governor Stewart, like his
predecessor, Governor Norris. is a
Democrat, and his opening message
indicates that there will be no
radical departures from the policies
advocated by the former chief exec.
utiye
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
COLLAR BONE BADLY SET.
POsToFFtCss SWAMPED.

WASHINGTON. Jan c. So great
has been the patronage of the new
parcel post that the posJeffiees
throughout The country are sgampcl
with packages. and demands are
coming into the department from all
directions for additional help.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
FOR SECRETARY OF INTERIOR

HELENA, Jan. {. At joint
session of the state legislature held
this afternoon, former Governor
Norris was endorsed as secretary of
the interior in the cabinet OF Pres.
ident-Elect Wilson.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
SEATTLE PIONEER DEAD.

SEATTLE. Jan. :. Capt. Chas
c. Manter a Seattle pioneer and
the master of many coastwise steam.
ers. died al has home in this city
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
EUREKA WRECKED

VANCOUVER, b. c.. Jan. 9.-Tha
Weir liner Eureka. which was in.
hound in ballast when overtaken nv
the hurricane which swept the Pa.
cific this week. was wrecked oppo.
site the mouth of the Fraser river
tCOncluded on Paee-7l%-
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
SEVERE COLD WAVE.

PORTLAND Jan. 6. A cold
Have of unusual severity is reported
from all parts of Oregon.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
FROST IN FRUIT BELT,

LOS ANGELES, Jan. s. - Many
of the orchardists throughout the
Southern citrus belt are facing ruin
as a result OF the heavy frosts which
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
ADDRESSED BY CHAMP CLARK

WASHINGTON. Jan. :. The
Women's Democratic league conven-
ton opened its session in this city
today and was addressed by Champ
Clark. who welcomed the advent of
women in American politics
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
HOKE SMITH AND WILSON,

TRENTON. Jan. 9. Senator
Hoke Smith, OF Georgia, and nun.
Der OF other prominent Democrats
were i'll conference with President
Elect Wilson this afternoon.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
ADRIATiC GROUNDED.

NEW YORK, Jan. s. - The AT
laniic liner Adriatic, OF the White
Star line. which sailed for Europe
yesterday ran aground in the dense
fog which enveloped the harbor. and
it required the combined efforts
Of a dozen tugs to rescue the grea,
ship from her perilous position. The
vessel has been floated successfully
and Is now on her way across the
ocean. Among the passengers on
the liner are J. Pierpont Morgan
and former Senator Aldrieh
AS result of the fog, which is
the thickest of recent years; the
entire traffic of the river is tied
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
SUICIDE CAUSES RETURN.

NEW YORK, Jan s. - Saddened
by the tragic end of Congressman
Wedemeyer. who committed suicide
last week by jumping from steam
er while enroute to the capital from
his home in Michigan. the members
OF the congressional Panama canal
committee who recently went south
on tour of inspection, have re
turned to the city, and the announce
ment is made that the trip has been
abandoned for the time being
DUCHESS IN HOSPITAL.
OTTAWA, Jan. s. = The Duchess
of Connaught has been removed to a
hospital at Winnipeg. where she
is being treated for an attack OF
peritonitis.
MINNEAPOLIS sUescRIBEs SOME
MINNEAPOLIS, Jan. 8. The
labor organizations of this city have
subscribed the sum of $4,000 to-
ward the fund for the release of the
convicted dynamiters on bonds
DEADLOekS NOW IN ORDER.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 8. The
election of senators in those states
in which the senators are not elect
ed by direct vote of the people is
now on. New Hampshire. West Vir
ginia, Illinois and Massachusetts leg
islatures all report deadlocks in
their attempts TO elect senator's
WAS LEGALLY DEAD.
EATON. Colo, Jan. 8. Mourned
DIS dead by his wife and children
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13

san DIEGO. Jan. q. Eleven
people. including two immigration
inspectors persisted when three small
vessels Mere swept ashore off this
coast in last nights storm
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
TWO PEOPLE FROZEN.

WINNIPEG, Jan. 6. Two resi-
dents of this city have been frozen
20 death as result of the eXtrem
cpid which has prevailed here dur
= the past several days, accom-
panied ~ billiards. of unusual VIC
eHee. Reports from many points
in Eastern Canada indicates thai
the cold wave is general and the
storms appear to be travelling from
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13

NEW YORK, Jan. :. ~ DIR. Wal.
ter +. Chappell issued a statement
today in which he says that the only
way William Rockefeller can give
the Gesired testimony before the
committee which is probing the al
legged money trust is by testifying in
writing that the attempt upon
Rocketeller's part TO answer ques-
tons verbally or make speeches
would result in Rockefeller's strangu-
lation.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
THEY ARE FROM MISSOURI

WASHINGTON. Jan s. Chair
manPujo OF the money investigation
committee states that a competent
specialist will be employed to de-
termine the physical condition of
William Rockefeller. who objects to
testifying in the investigation.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
LOSS EXCEEDS s4o.ooo,ooo.

Los ANGELES. Jan, y. Every
acre Of orange and lemon trees be,
tween san Bernardino and Los An
seles is frozen and the loss in this
district alone will exceed $4,000, 600.
About a fifth OF the crop may be
saved
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
WATERWoRKs FROZEN.

SEAr1 L.. Jan. e. 49, The entire
state of Washington is plunged into
deep SNOW, the heaviest in five
wears
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
ALASKA SEAL TREATY.

WASHING ION. Jan & The gov.
eminent has granted 10 the Great
Falls Power company al Ge=a' Fails
Mont, the right to transmit power
Tor the eieerifieaHioa OF 10 miles
OF the Milwaukee railway system
Secretary OF the Interior Fisher states
that he believes that this is the
first step 10 the liberalization of
II tr.ns-nL.. t...nt..l Il. tLr-.f.
The Alaska citizen. (Fairbanks, Alaska) 1910-1917, 1913-01-13
WOULD BE ASHAMED.


WASHINGTON, Jan. g. - Chas.
p. Neill. United States commissioner
OF labor since 1905, has been reap
pointed by President Taft and his
name is now before the senate for
confirmation, With the chances in
favor OF his retention in the office
which he has filled creditably dur
ing the past five years.
Neill is a Republican and Catho-
lie. and has been identified with the
industrial side of national affairs
since 1902, when he was assistant
commission.
FROST IN FRUIT BELT.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
BOATS FOR SCHOOL "KIDS"
Ar5entins Government Thus Reaches
Thousands of Children to Edu-
cate Them.

Buenos Aires.-The Argentine gov
eminent has solved the problem of
providing education for the floating
population along the delta of the La
Plata river with school boats. These
floating schools go from point to point
along the La Plata and It's tribu-
taries, changing the roll of students
as the school steams to new territory
along the waterfront
In addition to saving thousands OF
dollars in the annual expenses of the
department of education, it is Off
cially reported that education is now
being brought to thousands of Ar
gentine children who were previously
without any scholastic attention what
soever.
Each schoolship consists of double
deck sections devoted to the higher
and lower classes; while terrace and
private apartments for the teaching
staff form the superstructure. The
ships have a capacity of two hun
dred pupils each. They are absolutely
health assuring, and their value in
meeting the peculiar difficulties con-
fronting the education department
In the La Plata delta Is considerable.
Indeed their success has been such
that number of additional school
ships for other waterfront districts
are now in course of construction.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10

Dor and very useful one, for 1t is re-
markedly swift and graceful on the
wing, and is expert and persistent in
catching rose beetles, May beetles,
cucumber beetles. mosquitoes, house
flies and flies that trouble horses
and cattle. One observer records
that SO parent martins made 3,275 Wis
its to their young in one day, each
visit meaning, probably, anywhere
from one to half dozen insects.
The nighthawk (also called bull
bat") i probably one of the most
useful of birds. 1t feeds exclusively
on insects. and ranks next to the
golden-winged woodpecker (fickerl as
a feathered destroyer of ants, which
it takes when they are in the winged
stage. Potato beetles, cucumber bee
ties. leaf hoppers, bugs of various kinds
and enormous quantities of gnats ard
mosquitoes are found in their stom-
achs. They are entirely harmless, for
they never feed on fruit, grain, grass
or vegetables. Yet they are being
hunted for sport and are being exter-
minated.
The loggerhead Cor southern) shrike
is champion pest destroyer, large
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
Exact Copy of Wrapper.
E
FOUND WORKS OF STEVENSON
Manuscripts and Works of Popular
Writer Unearthed in Samoa and
Hawaii, by an Admirer.

1t is learned that a number of new
and relatively important manuscripts
of Robert Louis Stevenson have been
discovered in Samoa and in Honolulu
by an ardent admirer of the great
novelist, who has been for some time
in both Hawaii and Samoa seeking
such writings of the famous Scotsman
as might possibly be found in the pos
session of some of the many friends
of Stevenson during his years in the
Pacific.
The result Of this research has been
the finding of an essay, said to be
highly poetical in character, written
by the novelist after witnessing vol
cano in action, supposedly either the
famed crater of Savaii or the pit Of
Kilauea in Hawaii; a piece of fiction
dealing with South Sea life, and a
number of smaller verse compositions.
Still another manuscript, a blank
verse relation of a well-known legend
of Maui of considerable length, but
unfinished, has also come to light, and
the enthusiastic admirer of Stevenson
feels highly rewarded for his month
of effort
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10

percentage of it's food being harm
full rodents and destructive insects,
the latter including grasshoppers'
crickets and moths, which 1t frequent
ly impales upon thorns or sharp twigs'
1t sometimes catches young birds
Though this is more characteristic OF
the northern shrike, or butcher bird,)
but it's diet is chiefly insects and small
rodents 1t is, therefore, very yalu-
able to the farmer.
The golden-winged woodpecker
(also called flicker" "highhole,' etc.
is an Industrious tree protector, and
the most efficient OF all feathered ant
eaters. 1t is also feeds freely upon bee
ties. grasshoppers, crickets, caterpil-
lars. and other harmful insects, as well
as on weed seds. Yet it is rapidly
growing rare because it is much
hunted for food. 1t should be pro-
tected everywhere and at all times.
In view of the decrease already ac-
complished in the general volume OF
bird life iii America, in view of the
enormous losses annually inflicted up
on the people of this country by the
rayagcs of insects, and in view Of the
destruction Of Wild life which is now
furiously proceeding throughout Amer
lea. the Mclean bill, which is now be-
fore congress, to provide for the fed
eral protection OF all migratory birds.
becomes the most important wild life
measure that ever came before that
body. In view of the annual economic
loss that will continue as long as
federal migratory bird bill fails to
pass, it is impossible for anyone to put
forth one good reason-unless it be on
purely technical grounds-against that
measure. The Weeks bill, before the
lower house of congress, is precisely
like the Mclean bill, and it matters
not which one passes first.
Unless the people of this country
wish to shut their eyes to their own
.1tefests, and pay out millions of dol
lars annually in the form of increased
cost of living due to the losses caused
by insect pests which would be
destroyed by the birds, they should
demand that federal migratory bird
bill be at once enacted into law. 1t
is Senate Bill No. 6497, and on the
senate calendar it is No COG We can
not afford to wait until 1914 or 1916,
and congress has full power to act
this winter.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
HAREMS OUT OF DATE In TURKEY

| dence as the elder male descendants.
And the royal favorite of the moment
will have transitory Importance on
account Of the influence which she
may exercise over the sultan.
Royal princesses are considered in
ferior to the mother Of the sultan, who
is the real queen of the little world
of the harem, has absolute authority
a large staff of officials and the SUI
preme title of "Valide sultan" Thus
it happens that a woman of slave
birth may, if she be the mother of an
heir to the throne, eventually become
the highest woman of the land
Every royal princess has her daira,
or separate apartments, slaves, SER
wants and so on, the management of
the household being given over to her
kalfas, or ladies in waiting-that is to
say, Turkish women of good birth
who have remained unmarried
Royal princesses rarely take hus-
band of their own rank. They are
generally married by the sultan to
the sons OF men of wealth and posi-
ton such as pashas, officers of state,
high civil officials and the like, a
policy which is founded on very
practical reason, namely. that the ar
rangement makes the existence of a
hereditary aristocracy impossible
One of the paradoxes in Turkey is
that the poorer a Turkish woman is
the greater her freedom. The rich
woman capont move a step unaccom-
panied. She sees Constantinople only
from the windows of her closed
brougham or through veil thick
enough to act as a mask. She may
dress as exquisitetly as a mannequin
in a Paris dressmaker's showroom.
but she must not display so much as
an inch of embroidery in public.
When her husband wants to take
second wife, OF grows tired of her
and wishes to divorce her, he has
both the opportunity and the means
If he is a rich man. 1t Is not chic
among Turks of any education to take
a second wife; but divorce is re-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10

OF which IS adorned with gorgeous
gown. One wears a mantle upon
which arG embroidered $4,000 pearls.
The massive proportions and ornate
architecture of the cathedral at
Toledo make it one of the most gor-
geous in the world. After the bright
glare of the Spanish sunlight, it is
marvellous how beautiful is the inte-
rior as it comes streaming through
$50 varicolored windows. The pave
ment is of varieSetetd marble and
around the walls are twenty-three
elaborate chapeis.
The greatest artists of Spain Ia
bored On this cathedral for six cen
turtles. 1t Is not strange. therefore,
that it eXcites the visitors enthusi-
assn. The choir, for example, IS
decorated with probably the most
elaborate wood carving in the world.
Around a pavement Of white marble
rise, on three sides, two rows of seats
for the priests, one above the other,
Their arms, back, feet, headpieces
and ratings are exquisitely carved
into sacred, grotesque, NEUROLOGICAL
or historical subjects in basrelief.
Ones first impression on entering
the cathedral is most vivid and i'm
posing. Five naves divide the church.
The middle one is of great height,
and the others beside it seem to bow
their heads and kneel in token Of ad-
miraton and respect. Lightweight
pillars, each as large as a tower and
each composed of sixteen spindle
shaped columns bound together. sus-
tain the enormous mass of the build
ing
The architecture of the whole build
ing is homogeneous and perfect,
which is a very rare virtue in Gothic
architecture The original plan. in
spite of the many years it was build
ing, has been adhered to from one end
to the other, with the exception of a
few arrangements Of the chapels,
which, however, do not interfere with
the harmony OF the general effect.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
The Logeerhead Shrike.

placing polygamy-a simple repudia-
ton by the husband of his wife, pro-
vided he is well enough off to pay the
nekyah or marriage settlement which
he is legally bound to hand over to
her.
The woman of the poorest classes
can go out alone. Custom does not
oblige her to wear her veil down.
Should her husband, in a fit of anger,
wish to divorce her, he must first of
all produce the Nekyah, the dowry,
in ready money, not an easy matter
for poor man.
The real danger to domestic happi-
ness in the great mass of Turkish
homes IS the growing tendency of di-
vorce, and a divorce wholly favorable
to the man as against the woman.
The payment of the modest nekyah
arranged at the time. of his marriage
is a simple affair, and it is seldom
enough to keep the divorced wife for
the rest of her days. She is forced to
take refuge with her parents or to
find shelter with some of her friends.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
Made Scene Too Realistic.

Columbus, O.-Too much realism
has caused trouble for Roy w. Emig
Bert Kocher, who took the part of a
wiretapper in Emigs play, Scalp
lock of Stony Lonesome" has sued
Emig for 500 damages. In the play
Kocher had the role of Brown coun-
ty wiretapper. After a bunch or
make-believe Indiana university stu
dents had tied his hands and feet they
'hazed" him. To make the scene more
realistic, they used clippers on his
hair. Kocher now says the haircut.
ting gave him a cold and that he was
Inundated in the sight Of his friends.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10

for his cheerful song and his hand
some appearance, glad everywhere to
be the companion and the friend of
man when he is we'll treated, and high
ly valuable as a destroyer OF harmful
grubs, worms and insects. Yet this
bird is murdered literally by the thou
sands for pot-pies by negroes and
poor whites in the southern states
above mentioned, and is more or less
hunted in other states. Mr.. E. A.
Mcllhenny, who lives on Avery Island,
La, says that during the ten days or
two weeks of the robin season" Tin
January when the berries are ripe) at
least 10000 of these useful and beau
tiful birds are slaughtered daily for
the pot, Every negro man and boy
who can raise a gun is after them"
says Mr.. McIlhenny.
Although this bird causes some loss
to small fruit growers, it certainly
does vastly more good than harm. 1t
is constantly at work on lawns and
fields hunting for destructive insects,
which it is exceedingly difficult to
keep in control II devours many
caterpillars including hairy species,
which infest the orchard, woodland
and shade trees. Forty per cent. of
its food is insects. and 43 per cent.
wild fruit. 1t would pay the farmer
well to go some expense in order
to keep the robins away from his
fruit trees and berry bushes rather
thar shoot these birds which are so
useful to him in many ways. To muir
der them for pot-pies is, of course,
nothing short Of barbarous.
The purple martin is also fond Of
the society Of man, and when not
molested by the villainous English
aparrows-and still more yillainous
men by whom it is shot for food
chiefly in the south-it is glad to
breed in birdhouses near human habi-
tations. 1t males a charming neigh
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10

100
exterminated, and other curlews great
ly reduced So adverse to the
shorebirds are present conditions that
the wonder is that any escape. In
both fall and spring they are shot
along the whole route Of their migra-
ton north and south
The accompanying Illustrations pre-
sent portraits Of a group of birds, most
OF which the average person probably
knows by sight, though l fear that
only a small minority have a clear
idea of their very great economic
worth
The jacksnipe Tor Wilson's snipe) is
one of the shorebirds referred to by
Mr. McAtee), which, as a family, are
being rapidly eXterminated. IL de-
stroys large numbers of worms and
larvae, for which it probes with its
long bill in the soft earth of corn and
potato fields-thereby doing the farm
er a great seryice-as well as along
the shores of ponds, lakes and
streams. 1t also feeds on grasshoppers
and other injurious insects. 1t should
be carefully protected. especially dur
ing the breeding season.
The kildeer plover is another valu-
able and beautiful shorebird which
is being hunted to death. 1t frequents
meadows and pasture lands, as well
as shores, and devours great quaint
ties of mosquitoes. crane flies, grass
hoppers. army worms, cut worms,
caterpillars. cotton-boll weevils, clover
leaf weevils, rice waevils, marine
worms, wire worms and crayfsh.
Doubtless everybody knows the rob-
in. perhaps the most democratic of our
birds beloved in the northern states
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1913-01-10
HUity CATHEDRAL IN SPAIN
Statue or Virgin In the Toledo Wears
a Mantel on Which Are En-
broidered $4,000 Pearls.

Madrid, Spain-Spain is richer in
cathedrals than any other country in
the world and one of the grandest of
them all is at Toledo. The Virgin
Mary is said to have a special liking
for it and to have paid it frequent
visits-on one occasion actually put
ting a new robe on ST. Idlefonso, one
of the archbishops. In fact the scene
is represented in sculpture and paint
ing in all parts of the cathedral, and.
to preclude all doubt about it, the
very stone is shown on which the Vir-
gin alighted 1t is incased in red
marble and over it is the inscription:
I'VE will worship in the place where
her feet have stood"
There are several statues Of the
Virgin in the Toledo cathedral each