davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
INTERESTS GET BUS ron
HlE Sc zOf SESSION
John IaWson's legislative Letter Tells Of Fahl On neile
Primary laW Amendments Laws Blocked Work
mems Compensation BIN Good Roads .Eflency Board
pOlll1eS.

closing saloons everywhere I'll except In
cities of the first class at nine clock
has been defeated decisiyely IN . the
house. The bill extending local option
to- cities Of the fourth class appears to:
have been pigeonholed somewhere. No
progress is being made with the bill
limiting the number Of saloons in cities
to one for each five hundred Of popula-
ton. The bill requiring wholesale deal
ers in intoxicants to take out license
is being fought at every turn IN the SEN.
ate committee. When it was known the.
other day that the senate had passed:
without debate and without opposition q
bill designed to do away with the brew
ery-owned saloon there was great re-
5joicing. and it was freely predicted that
at last something really worth while
was about to be accomplished. But the
senate had scarcely taken this action
before it reconsidered 1T, it lis said. at
the suggestion Of an official Of the an
,ti-saloon league, who may have possibly
thought that his occupation as an agi-.
itator was in danger Of being tnterfered
with; so that now within less than two
weeks Of the close Of the session tenn
perance reform is scarcely farther. adj
fvanced than it was when 1t opened. Of
course, it is not too late yet to accom-
plish something, but the prospects are
not bright. 49, s s #ss
4. = WoRKMEN's COMPENSATION IN N. .s.
: y: SIGHT, -:ssssS.
There is real prospect however, of
the enactment Of a workman compen-
sation law. The bill has passed the
senate where If anywhere the greatest
opposition to legislation Of the kind was
to have been anticipated. 1t does away
with the ordinary defenses in actions
for damages in personal injury cases
namely, the plea of contributory negli-
gence, and the plea of negligence Of fell
low employe. To defeat a suit Of this
kind it will be necessary hereafter to
prove that the employee had been guilty
Of wilful negligence .:@ u. " 81 .5ssSSs
SOME THINGS THE BILL PROVIDES.
All labor except that employed on the
farm, in domestic service and that which
is casual comes under the operation OF
the bill All employers and employees
come: under it's provisions unless they
specifically elect not to- do so. 1t pro-
vides scale of payments for Injury to
be made without question based on the
character Of the injury. In case Of tenn
porary total disability the employer
must pay SO per cent of his wages to
the workman so long as his disability
lasts if not more than 800 weeks. This
is subject to maximum compensation
Of $40 week and a minimum compen-
sation Of IS a week. z;s.ss:. Isl
| In cases Of temporary partial disabil.
a
cent Of the difference between the wages
he had been earning and those he car
earn while partially disabled. This also
for not more than 800 weeks. n !. H.
j. For the loss of limbs the following
1 eobod,,1o hoe hoon arrqnpn6. -
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
11o0118o or III oxnIo road
s1ntefestln9 m1ofmataon for THOSE who
Axe IAtexssted 81 the rev Lime. ss Is

s&0t08OoSa0& x0x030aeSa00 Tor 200o08sy6o
SIG ~ 1Atszssted s ths Nsw Zine.
Redwood Falls sun: We have secured
the; following facts for the informa-
ton OF our many readers who are In
sterested IN the Electric Short Line from,
the: twin cities to Redwood Falls.
The Luce Electric Short Line Co,
have acquired l67 acres Of property
within the limits OF Minneapolis, for
terminal facilities at cost Of approx
imately one million dollars. 5s .
There has been about thirteen miles
OF grading done and eight miles Of that
has already the steel laid thereon. and
the contract has been let for double
tracking the three and one half miles OF
terminal. and for concrete bridges over
tracks at Pa. Western Ave. for dou.
BILE track steel viaduct bridge $50 feet
long over the Great Northern and M. &
st. L. roads at Holden St. in Mime.
apolis. .
The contract has been let for com.
plotting the line to Long Lake, q dis.
lance of about *18 to 20 miles, this. con.
tract to be fulfilled by the first Of June
this year, and the contract is ready tt
let for construction from Long Lake t
Winsted. distance Of about AZ mile,
from Minneapolis to the named point.
The company now owns about 81
miles of right-of-way from Minneapoli.
toward Clara City and Montevideo.
Surveys and estimates Of cost Of con
struction for 1874 miles Of road from
Minneapolis. have been made. .::.
/. S- s q ~ $3.50 ~. -
Surveys have been made; and right
of-way men are in the field for the lin,
running south to Marshall from poin
some where north east of Bird Island,
A preliminary survey has been mad,
for line running to New Ulm from
Watertown, and preliminary surve!
has also been made for a line running
to Litchfeld from Hutchinson Junction
We are reliably informed that -enoug]
stock has been already subscribed t
complete the first twenty miles Of tn
road. - sr- l. -:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
WEST WH1TEF1E11

81 West Whitefe cid, April Mrs Ernest
Olson entertained u.s. the Ladies Aid
Thursday
E==s and Mrs Bangt son made g trip
! to- I'VE llmar 4 last F'rid az. Their daugh-
Ter Phoebe accompanied them home.
Vacation IS now over and some ofS the
girlss from here who are attending the
High school at IN illmar eturned Sum
day TO resume thei dut lies.
May Johnsonzis laid up NJ e; the pink
eye
MT. and Mrs. Andrew Johnsons attend
Ia the funeral OF Mrs Nelson IN Will-
mar Last Thursda
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
(First publication April cat.
Notice Of Hearing Upon Petition Of
$3.50 s.sg;3::sz5 Freebooter.

Whereas, A petition signed. by Her
man Gratz, a freeholder of School Dis
tricts No. 80, in this County, represent
ing that he is the owner of the: follow
ing. described lands. situated in said.
District to-Wit: 4: s#@ .s.=S=s, $3.50
ny 81. NEA...N71z Of wv. and Lot
i s. Section s27 ,sTown5 H120, Range 33, and
that said lands adjoin School .District
No. 3, has been presented to the Coun-s
ty Board Of Kahdiyohi County; and ask
ing that his said lands may be set off
from said District No. 80, to said Dis
trict% No. 3, and the said Board has APP
pointed time and place for hearing.
thereon. Therefore.
..5sSssS.ls:zs NOTICE s55
lis hereby given that said petition will
be heard by said Board, at a session
thereof, commencing on the 14th day
of& July, A.S%D.#1913, at O'Clock in the
afternoon, at the Office of the County
Auditor in the City Of Willmar in said
County atESwhich time and place the
said Board will hear the evidence and
the arguments Of all persons interested
for or against granting the prayer OF
b. Dated at Willmar. Minnesota, April
7th. Il 81 3.S.3*,sss s
BY order Of the County Board.
John sFEIG,
County Auditor and Elk ofacio Clerk Of
Board ssz53sS It
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
NOTICE.!

Any teams or horses found stabbed on
the streets or hitched to electric light
poles which bear the signs, do MOT
HITCH HERE" will be removed to the
nearest livery stable or the City Hay
Market. IL. .- ~
Anyone not wanting to put up. their
team In q livery barn have the free use
Of the City Hay Market at all times. It
10 located on the old mill site.
Read ordinance on hle In the City
CLERKS ONCE. --.-- ,-., 3.
ALFRED 0ILBEHT90N,
3w Chief Of Police.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09

Mrs. Swan Erickson and. Orval Matt.
son of the Twin Cities were summoned
to their home in Whitefeld Saturday by
the serious illness and death of their
father, M. 0. Mattson. 4, =.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
NOTICE.!

NOTICE! ~
All owners Of live poultry will please
see to that same are confined within
their own premises from April first to
November first. sEzzsEs ~ s s IS
Read Ordinance NO. 81 on file in the
Office Of the City Clerk.
ALFRED GILBERTsoN,
3w Chief of Police.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09

Mrs. j. c. Dale and daughter, Ger.
.trude returned homesthe latter part Of
the week from visit with relatives in.
&Litchfield. Mrs. p. Johnson and SON
accompanied them for a brief visit. 1855
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
ROsELAND.

Roseland, April 7-Mr. and Mrs. John
Brouwer suppered at the D. Decker
home last Sunday evening
Miss Jane Van Dyk assisted Mrs J.
Van Egmond with paperhanging last
Friday.
Mr.. Arnold Green of Silver Creek ar
rived here last Tuesday and again hired
out to Mr.. Bruggers for the summer.
Mr.. and Mrs Van Dyk and Mrs. H.
Dragt made business trip to Willmar
last Friday.
Mr. and Mrs. A. Knoll visited at the J.
Vos home last Sunday evening.
Mr.. Gerhard Damhof and sister, Alb
bic were paperhanging at the home Of
Mr. and Mrs. H. Brouwer last Wednes-
day.
Rev. Brummel and Mr.. H. Dragt
leave today (Monday) for Iowa where
they are going to attend the classes.
Baptismal services were held here last
Sunday. The children received the fol-
lowing names: The baby son of Mr. and
Mrs. w. Damhof received the name Of
Lewis Walter; the baby son of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. Hoffman received the name Of
Benjamin.; the girl of Mrs. Bunkinberg
received the name of Mary Anna; the
baby son of Mr.. and Mrs. H. Hoekstra
received the name of Fobbie; and the
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Knoll received
the name of Helen May.
Death came to the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. H. Holtz last Saturday and claimed
one Of their baby twins. The interment
took place last Monday at the Raymond
cemetery.
Roseland April 7-Mr. and Mrs. John
Johnson visited at Joe Bjornbergs il
Fahlun last Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charley Kostka spen1
last Sunday at the formers parenta
home near Olivia.
Mr.. Emil Granberg has hired out tt
Oscar Johnson Of Whitefield for tn,
coming summer.
Miss Anna Kohrs visited with friend.
in Olivia last Friday.
A week ago last Saturday about TWEEN
ty-f1ve relatives and friends gathered a
the John Anderson home, where they
sprung a surprise in honor Of Joh1
Lindblad. A delicious luncheon wa:
served, after which the self-invitet
guests left for their homes.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Strafelda spent las
Thursday afternoon at Joe Skalak's.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walfred Blomquist ant
daughter Pearl Of Whitefield, visited
with the formers parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Ole Blomquist last Sunday.
Mrs. w. HI. Williams visited last Sun
day afternoon with Mrs. Aug. Builte.
Miss Myrtle Ostrom who is attending
school at Willmar spent few days O.
last week with her sister, Mrs. Edgal
Lindblad.
Miss Lillian Strafelda visited will
Otillie Holechek last Thursday evening
Mr.. Gust Thunstedt, who teaches IL
the Roselillian school visited at Alder
Lundquist's last Saturday and Sunday.
Misses Clara Anderson and Thilds
Johnson teachers in the Washington
school, were entertained for dinner las
Sunday at Edgar Lindblad's.
Miss Anna Kohrs went today (Mon
day. to assist Mrs. Martin Swenson Of
Svea, with homework for some time.
Mr.. and Mrs. P. A. Anderson spen
last Friday evening at the Forsma1
home in Lake Lillian.
Mrs. John Johnson and Miss Mary
Anderson visited with Mrs. MARTYR
johnson last Friday afternoon.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
ROBERT NJ. LA TOILETTE.
7 : : Z 49, ; ii - ~. = y
LAKE EII&ABRTH.

Lake Elizabeth, April 7-Oh you Lake
Elizabeth correspondent Of the Atwater
Press you don't know us yet and you're
not likely to- either. Fl :-.ss5ss z.s
- Why was there only one candidate
nominated for each Officer. And who's
fault was 1t? What kind Of an election
would the presidential one have been If
only Woodrow Wilson had been. running
and no one else. Then why does the
Western part Of the township govern
practically all Of the Eastern?
4 August Olson, visited with friends
in Rosendale Sunday. 1-= s@5 I.
e Andrew Nelson, the real estate agent
was around listing farms in this neigh
borhood last week. ... 4. s=;
@3"Old Lewis" is doing painting and
paperhanging in this vicinity now and
will improve both the inside and outside
If you'll only give him chance.
When Pete Mossberg is ready to sell
gravel from his gravel pit, Holmgren
wants the main road to Rosendale gray
eled. But that will not be for some
time yet as Pete wants sample Of 1t
analysed. We don't suspect any gold
to be found though. s-S n;
Mr.. and Mrs 8. B. Gla1er visited with
friends In Atwater Sunday evening.
Richard Johnson is busy dehorning
cattle these days. 5= z.S.=s
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09

Miss Anna Nelson of Grove City was
guest at the p. E. Parson home over
Sunday.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09
That i, immense :. scene in .The Wolf

That immense scene in ..The Wolf"
which comes to the Willmar Opera
House next Tuesday evening, April Is,
IN which g duel takes place before the
audience. but on q stage so dark that
you can't tell which. man IS getting the
worst OF It. u Then comes 8 fell. 8 dead
Fly silence One AZ killed = but which
one? The hero or the william? And
then light flashes and you see--What
you see. It's not only the big scenezof
the play but the biggest strong est and
greatest scene SIS ever played Sons any
stag adv.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-04-09

Mr.. and Mrs. Christ Peterson visited
at the ole Hamborg home Sunday. .,
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10

great satisfaction In knowing that tht
gate will be sure to shut itself and re
quire no further thought But there Il
one difficulty which no doubt occurs tc
the readers mind. Will not the wind
blow it open and let stock into the
cornfelds? Yes, 1t will. And that Is
the point of this letter.
One of the gates has a woodland tt
protect it from such an occurrence
Only a very severe wind from the east
will affect it in the least. Only since
a strip was cut through for telephone
line has such thing occurred at all.
The other one, however. is easily at
fected by a wind from the west, q
body Of woodland of very dense
growth DETECTING even q north wind
against 1t. But we have solved even
that problem with what we call .
wind latch.
A piece Of inch board 6 by IL inches
is trimmed to almost feather at one
end A three-eighths inch hole is bored
edgewise near the other end. A sever
inch spike is put through and driven
an inch into the post against which
the gate strikes, near the top of the
post, on the outside, so it hangs dowL
clear of the barb wires Of which tht
fence is made.
A piece Of heavy wire three inche'
long is driven sidewise and on the
west side, near the top of this board
or wing" as we call It A ring, OF
loop, is turned in the free end, from
which a smaller wire extends down
ward to near the middle Of the gate
where 1t connects with the latch
proper.
This is a small rod. the size of a six
penny nail, and 1t passes through &
three-eighths inch hole. bored dowr
grain through a six inch board. The
west end is bent square to the north
and the wire from the wing Is connect
ed with 1t. The eastern end Is bent
directly downward. Now, when the
wind blows hard enough to cause the
gate to open 1t will raise the wing
and that will throw the eastern end OF
this rod 50 as to catch the gate.
Like nearly all our gates. this one II
swung to a tree, with the upper hinge
nine feet from the ground. The wind
often causes this tree to sway back
and forth, but this latch always
clutches the gate in spite Of such.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10
SECOND WORLDS CHRISTIAN
CITIZENSHIP CONFERENCE
Continued from Page l.

effort should be made to unite
every agency that is working for
human betterment in any one line,
that thus the conscience Of the peo-
pie may be massed in support OF
all approved measures.
4. We recommend that the
various religious bodies of the world
with all national and international
agencies CT social and political re-
demption, arrange for an Interna-
tional Conference for the considera-
ton of questions of international
reform. We request every national
religious body in the world to ap-
point committee on Christian Cit
izenship and Social Service. And
we urge that an effort be made In
concerted and systematic way to
enlist the governments of the earth
in all righteous and necessary meas
ures of world progress.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10
i arm ana
Garden
MAKING A FARM GATE.
Here's One That Has Been Found I
Work Vary Satisfa ctorilv.

Here's One That Has Been Found e
Work Very Satisfactorily.
We have two wagon gates through
which we must pass very often-Oftef
dozen or more times every day-say
correspondent of Home and Farm
The boys live on one hill and the old
folks on the other. and between the
two places is a COW pasture three-quar
tiers of a mile long. part woodland ant
part cleared land.
To get down and unfasten these gates
at every such passing would be grea,
deal Of trouble and In the run Of yeai
would take time enough to do lots Of
other work. So it has been arranged tt
avoid this. Both gates are hung tt
open inward, SO that a COW, horse Of
mule cannot push it open, and are
hung so they will fall shut of their OWE
accord. They are both light, one be
ing made Of three by bars, SO they
will not pound themselves to pieces.
It's no trouble ut all to pass through
even with a led horse. aud there Is
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10
TWO GOOD THINGS.

There should be q farmers'
club In every neighborhood, and
there should be the best Of farm
papers In every home. And brain
as well as Drawn must be used
by the one who would succeed.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10

Whatcom County Fair at Lynden
September "a, IS. 26. and 81.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-07-10

TRIBUNE FOR JOB PRINTING.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18

Dressed Dolls, Dolls Of character,
boys and girls, -----3sc and SOC
Angora Poodles ------lOc to 75c
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18
COMMISSIONERS MEET
Continued rom page 3D.

the National Abstract, Loan 4 In.
yestment Co. in the sum Of $3O,OoO
with the Title Guarantee 4 Surety
Co., rs surety be accepted and approx
ed and placed on file.
Motion carried.
Moved By Com. Anderson, seconded
by Com. Huber that the reports iron,
the following townships in regard to
caro- Of county poor be accepted and
approved and the Auditor directed to
issue warrants for same. Motion car
ried. Being rs per cent Of the amount
paid. out BY the township. Elmdale
Township, 1912; Burt Township
$3.50.
The Board proceeded to check up
bills and at IL o'clock M: adjourned to
meet again at Q o'clock p. NJ.
Afternoon Session.
The Board met at 9 o'clock T. N. as
per adjournment. Com. Lokensgard
in the chair with all members present:
Moved by Com. Anderson, seconded
by Com. Vandenoever that the renew
al of the contract and bond with Peter
Eneseth for the collection of the old
hospital accounts be accepted and ap-
proved and placed on file. ]. N: SEQ
field and j. w. Samuelson sureties on
bond. Motion carried.
Moved by Com. Sanders, seconded
by Com. Huber that the following war
rants be cancelled, same being over
.:- uo.rs rlI on1 mt avod a%@
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18

dizzy spells. The kidney secretions
We're in bad shape. OF course, tried
kidney medicines, but found no relief
until began using Doan's Kidney
Pills. They went to the right spot
and removed the cause of complaint.
I haven't been bothered in that way
since ! took Doan's Kidney Pills about
eight years ago. About three years
ago publicly endorsed Doan's Kid
ney Pills, and ! am glad doc SO
again."
For sale by all dealers. Price 50
cents. Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo,
New oYrk, sole agents for the United
States.
Remember the name-Doan's-a
take no other.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18

The No. 3 Brownie, $4.OO, makes
BILE Brownie features, equipped with
and Automatic shutter. A very good
camera for the price, $500.
The "a Brownie, $500, takes pic
ture 2 IL IA; Mensicus lens,
Eastman rotary shutter, 3 stops, time,
instantaneous and bulb. A most ex-
cellent camera for the price, $500.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18
nature TELLS YOU
AS MANY A MINOT READER
KNOWS TOO WELL.
When the kidneys are weak,
Nature tells you about it.
The urine is naturp's indey

1nfrequent or too frequent passage,
Other disorders suggest kidney ills.
Doan's Kidney Pills are for dis
ordered kidneys.
Minot people testify to their worth.
Mrs. L. ]. Smith, l Phillips Court,
Mniot, N. D., says: 81 suffered for a
long time from stiffness and lame
ness in my back l had sharp shoot
ing pains through my kidneys and a
dull, bearing-down pain through my
loins and limbs. I had headaches and
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-12-18

Company acquired title to the said
premises by the foreclosure of mort
gage executed and recorded prior ia
the time the said seed and feed was
furnished and
Whereas the said Royal Elevator
Company has offered to pay the sum
of Fifteen Dollars to have the said
claim declared to be no lien against
the said premises and has offered to
pay all general taxes on said tract of
land in full;
Now Therefore, Be 1t Resolved,
that the said claim of Ward county,
North Dakota, against Carl Zarbok
be declared to be no lien against the
NV ID Sec. 81, Twp. 152, r. 81 and
that the County Auditor of Ward Co.,
North Dakota, is hereby authorized
and instructed to make such notations
on his records as will clear the said
tract Of land of any lien claim on the
part Of Ward County.
Moved by Com. Vandenoever, sec
onded by Com. Sanders that the fol
lowing resolution be adopted. Motion
carried.
Resolution.
Whereas, the First State Bank Of
Ryder is now the owner of the Sc Ia
4 W IA, SW Ia Sc IA, Sec. "a, Twp.
! 1874, r. SO and NE IA NV IA, NV
IA NE Ia Sec. 3, Twp. 153, r. &c and
Whereas the said First State Bank OF
Ryder became the owner thereof by
virtue of foreclosure of mortgage
against the said premises which said
mortgage wac dated on the 26th day
of June, 1908, and
Whereas Ward County claims q lien
against the said premises for seed fur
nished to the person owning the said
and in 1911 and
Whereas, the mortgage under which
the present owner claims title was
executed and recorded prior to the en-
actment Of the law under which the
lien is claimed for the seed and
Whereas, the First State Bank of
Ryder, present owner Of the said land,
has offered to pay the sum OF $500
to have the said claim declared no lien
against the said premises.
Now Therefore, Be It Resolved that
the County Auditor Of Ward County,
North Dakota, upon the payment aof
the said sum Of $500 IL hereby auth
orized and instructed TO make such no
tations upon thesf6cords sof hissol1ce
a to show that Ward County claims
no further lien against the above de-
scribQd pfe1nises for ssed ~ 4Ulniglis
"a to tic owner thereof 81 1911.
Moved by Com. Anderson, seconded
by Com. Huber that the application
for abatement Of taxes Of tn 500
Lumber Co. On Lot 8, Section -,
Twp. 1b2, r. 81, 30 accepted and the
auditor instructed Ia. make the neces-
sary corrections for the reason Il =
clerical error in the assessment. Mo-
ton carried.
Moved BY Com. Anderson, seconded
by Com. Huber that the application
for abatement Of 1912 taxes on the
personal property Of r. ]. Evans in
Twp. 1853, r. 81, be accepted and the
auditor instructed to make the neces-
sary corrections for the reason of dou-
BILE assessment. Motion carried.
Moved by Com. Huber, seconded by
Com. Sanders that the application Of
j. Y. Miller for abatement of personal
property tax in the sum Of $1O.5O in
Burlington Village be accepted for the
reason that he was assessed for the