davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
t'UN NF.N --nOOAIS

RATES-One cent a word a day; no ad.
Anken for less than 25c for first fuser-
ton. Cash must accompany order.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
Legal Notice


In the District Court of the United States
for the Southern Division of. the North
ern District of Alabama.-In the Matter
of Birmingham Car and Manufacturing
Company, Bankrupt.-In Bankruptcy,
No. 12S99.
Pursuant to order of the Honorable Alex
ander c. Birch. referee in charge of the
above named bankruptcy proceedings, the
undersigned as trustee in bankruptcy,
will offer for sale. at public outcry to
the highest bidder, the assets of the above
named bankrupt, at the office of said
referee in the government building at
Birmingham, Ala. at the hour twelve Q2)
O clock, noon, on the 18th day of De-
cember 1913 Said sale will be made by
the undersigned as such trustee, subject
to the approval and confirmation of the
bankruptcy court
JOHN s. CONE,
Trustee in Bankruptcy for the Estate of,
birmingham Car and Manufacturing
Company. Bankrupt
MAX j. WINkLER,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

YOUNG man wants position in grocery
store; have had four years experience;
or will accept any other legitimate worf.
Address Z-72, care Age-Herad. 12-10-2.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

YOUNG man wants position as salesman
or any other legitimate work: will go
anywhere. Address Alb, care Age
Herald. 12-10-2t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
FOR SALE

-
LhND FOR SALE-Look. man of mod
crate means; land is getting out of your
reach: buy while You can; | have few
tracts of unimproyed land, three miles
of railroad, for $40 per acre, 40-acre
tracts; also nice farm and home, 100
acres, sl25O. Write J. IL. Miers Route 2,
Wilmington, Ala 12-9-3t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
FRED II. RUBEL, b. {
feDoIx al, A..

le23l2 4th Ave.
Ii YOU are sick and have tried. every
thing else without satisfactory results,
why not try Chiropractic adjustments
and get well? In adjusting for lost mus
cular power, anaemia constipa ton, dia-
betes, dyspepsia excess of fat, lesion
of joints kidney and liver disease, neu-
ritis, neuralgia. neurasthenia, paralysis,
rheumatism in any form. sciatica and
pelvic diseases. lost vitality, bad habits,
our special facilities enable us in many
instances to effect results otherwise un-
spbtainable.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
PERSONAL

PERSONAL
LADIES-s10o0 reward; 1 positively guar
antee my great successful Monthly"
remedy: safely relieves some of the
longest. most obstinate, abnormal cases
In three TO five days; no harm. pain or
interference with work; mall. $3.50
Double strength, 500. DR.. Southington.
" Long Bldg. Kansas City. Mo. 6-24-tf
NOTICE-Secret service work handled
with skill and ability by experienced
and reliable parties, Investigations of
an kinds. Phone Main 939 p. o. Box
1Se, birmingham. Ala. l2-4-30t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

FOR SAIsE-A secondhand gas cooking
stove, cheap. p o. Box i67.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
BARGAINS.

FOR SALE or exchange for good auto
mobile or Birmingham real estate. two
good, well improved farms: level and
no rocks; miles and miles Srom town;
good pike roads out from Birmingham.
j. l.. Kelley, 2O26 Sd ave. Main SS5
12-10-3t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
Queen Il Crescent Route
h'riscO Lines
FOR SALE

FOR SALE-Lots IA and 21, block III, West
End: cash. credit or exchange: make
me an offer. W. l.. Guthrie. Corinth
Miss, 1Y-5-it
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

THE AVALoNSAII outside rooms. fur
mace heat modern conveniences;
moderate price; bath free. 2100 5th
ave 5-25- II
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

FOR sALE-Good trucking farm contain
ing 30 acres, ~ miles south of Cullman
the West Hanceville road, good
water, good, S-room, new house and
all buildings thereon new; one acre
planted with apples, peaches. pears,
plums and cherry trees. Also 80 acres
good timber land. For particulars ad-
dress William Baumgarten, r. r. No. l.
Box 35-A, Hanceville, Ala. 12-10-6t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11
OR SALE

! HATES-One cent a word q dayy NO ad.
taken for less than 26c for frat fnser-
ton: Cash must accompany order.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-11

WANTED-HELP
WANTS
S Carpenters, out of town.
10 Laborers. r
Housekeepers.
4 Nurses.
2 Porters.
1 Cooks.
90 Coal Miners.
B'HAM EMPLOYMENT BUREAU,
51e N goth st. Phone 434
-Stenographer in American
Trust Bldg, So per week, with chance
for promotion. Address Box 4S2 city.
WANTED -Experiencer solicitors; team
sters, laborers; printer for country news
paper; registered druggist; colored
woman nurse for invalid cook for club
house. Room 626 Chamber Commerce.
building.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
ADMITS KNOWLEDGE.
OF PHAGAN MURDER.
Alleged Confession of Negro
May Throw Light on
Atlanta Murder

Atlanta, May 29.-In an alleged con-
fession which local police tonight say
was secured from James Conley negro
sweeper at the pencil factory where the
body of Mary Phagan was found on
April q, he is said to have admitted per-
sonal knowledge of the murder. The po-
lice claim that Conley accuses Leo M.
Frank, factory superintendent, of the
crime, but insists that he did not see it
committed Conley is also said to have
admitted making an attempt to dispose
of the body The negro is alleged to have
said that he kept silent until tonight, be-
lieving that he would be rewarded. by
Frank.
While police officials tonight say that
Conley's alleged confession strengthens
their case against Frank, VINO IS under
indictment for the crime, the friends of
the factory superintendent insist that the
negro is attempting to fix his own deed
upon an innocent man. They refuse to
credit Conley's alleged statements, ana
will continue their efforts to lay the MUIR
der at the negros door,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
MAINE MONUMENT
DEDICATED TODAY
CrOWning Feature of New
York Memorial
Day

New York, May 29--With the presence
mere tonight of Secretary of the Navy
Josephus Daniels. dozen battleships of
the north Atlantic fleet and the cruiser
Cuba of the Cuban navy in the harbor
and representatives of the Cuban gov
eminent and 1870 Cuban soldiers quartered
in hotels and an armory, the stage was
set for the dedication at the entrance to
central park tomorrow of the monument
to the memory of the American officers
and blue jackets who were lost with ,e
battleship Maine.
The event will be the crowning feature
or New York city's Memorial Day pro-
gramme. Former President Taft, Sec
retary Daniels, Secretary Garrison, Gov
ernor Sulzer of New York and Governor
Haines of Maine Will assist in dedicating
the statue. A parade will precede the
services. Men from the American bat
tleships, soldiers of the local garrison,
and Cuban sailors and soldiers will march.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
TUGS RESCUE PASSENGERS
AND CREW WHEN STEAMER
STRIKES ROCK IN DENSE FOG

Queenstown, May 29.-The American
line steamer Haverford, which sailed yes
terday from Liverpool for Philadelphia
with 134 cabin and $50 steerage passen-
gers aboard, went OF, the rocks westward
of Corks head this afternoon while feel
ing her way cautiously in a dense fog.
A big hole was torn in her forward COM
partment.
The wireless again demonstrated It's
efficiency. Within a few minutes the ship
was in communication with QueenstoW
First aid in the form of tugs which ply
between the port and passage liners We're
sent to the rescue Before dusk all the
passengers, with light luggage, had been
safely brought ashore. When the last
passenger was taken off there were 15
feet of water in the fore hold.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
e
VssUE RvSooO
o.
tsS cER~eoD o

An attempt will be made to tow :he
vessel off at high tide at midnight
The admiralty station received the first
message of distress. This ii transmitted
Immediately to the American line office
and at the same time dispatched the big
government tugs I1ellespont and Storm
cock to the liners aid. The company 8
Queenstown agent soon afteiward sent
three of the Clyde Shipping company S
tugs, which with the tender and tugs
carrying so Irish passengers who expect
ed to board the Haverford already on the
way, soon arrived at the scene of the
accident Thus the stranded vessel in a
short time was surrounded ny small
fleet.
There was considerable anxiety aboard
the Haverford, as she was shrouded in
the densest fog, but nothing resembling
II panic. The transfer of passengers was
made in perfect order, The captain and
crew remained on the ship.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
TODAY'S AGE-HERALD

1-Eoualizing tariff policy causing trouble
Are Dallas friends hiding Lacy?
To sign peace treaty today.
Tugs rescue steamer passengers
Confederate reunion comes to close.
Roosevelt case may be prolonged.
2-chautauqua to give high class amuseI
ment.
Recommendation in business industry.
4Editorial comment.
< ExDect early settlement OF strike.
Adverse report on VanHoose canal
Denny's sdelights on Roosevelt s
character.
Three deaths in mines yesterday.
6-Society.
7-Sports
s-Bankhead will not be candidate for
governor.
Mrs. ]. r. Copeland passes away.
e--I.argest class in history of high school.
11-Markets.
12-China to trade with nations which
shared loan.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
MRS. PANKHURST
ON STRIKE AGAIN
Has Taken No Food Since Her Re-
arrest-Militants Expect I'm
mediate Release

London, May 29.-Emmeline Pankhurst,
militant suffragette leader, has taken no
food since she was rearrested and taken
to Holloway Jail
She is said to be in a very weak state
on account of reduced vitality conse-
quent on her previous hunger strike
which lessened her powers of resistance.
According to suffrag gette leaders here re-
lease may be expected at any hour
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
AGED VETERANS
GUESTS IN BOSTON

Boston, May 29-Forty-six confederate
veterans, members of the Old Guard of
Atlanta, who came to Boston to attend
the Memorial day exercises were the
guests today of the Ancient and Honor
able Artillery company.
The entertainment of the veterans in
cluded an automobile trip to Lexington
and Concord and Il visit to the estate OF
Col. Everett c. Benton at Belmont
Tomorrow the southern visitors will
march to the state house, place floral
tribute on the sailors and soldiers monil-
ment on Boston common, and be the
luncheon guests of Il. w. Kinsley post
No. 113 G.. A. r.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
THREE VETERANS ANSWER
ROLL CALL FOR LAST TIME
Robert Nolten B. Moore and w Mullenx Die While At
tending Reunion In Chattanooga Many Exhausted
From Strenuous March Yesterday

ton. Tex. fell down the steps OF the eity
auditorium and sustained broken neck.
b. f. Moore of Fuque, Tex. who was
injured in a fall yesterday, dieo at a local
infrmary today. G. w. Muilenix of Lin
dele. Ga, entered a restaurant just after
the veterans parade was ended, and
dropped dead Several veterans were ex-
hausted by the trying ordeal of todays
march. but at late hour no additional
deaths had been reported.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
WIFE OF
HOMER MORRISON

Chicago. May 80 29-Another woman the
sixth to claim Homer Morrison, real
estate dealer who died here last week,
in some relationship, was heard from
today. She signed herself as Mrs. Leslie
George Burton of Kansas City in a let
ter to Chief of Police McWeeney. She
believed Morrison married her in April
in Kansas City and deserted her In Chi
cago five days later, taking $4,000 OF
her money.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30

Chattanooga. May 29.--Death stalked IN
the midst of the cheering throns when
today participated in the impressive vet
erans' parade during the Confederate re-
union here today. Three aged soldiers
who came to renew campaign friendships
made during the war between the states
responded for the last time to their resi-
mental calls
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
YOUNG LADIES REFUSE TO
GIVE UP THE TURKEY TROT
Half the Joy of Living Is Fancy Dancing Say Montgomery
Girls-To Form Club Where They Can Dance
What They Please

in dancing the turkey trot and that they
were forced to organize a club Of their
own or continue to dance tho waits and
twe-step that have become obsolete and
commonplace,
Members of the club have announced
that they have organized club of thsIf
own, not a tret club, be 1t understood
but a perfectly nice, dignitied club, y
where they can dance what they please,
and when they please to do "a.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
JUDGE RICHARD C.
FCAkNlGAN
nCeTErT PNsro

The illustration shows the fighting
face of the one time President, who is
suing the editor of Iron Ore for dam
ages for alleged libel in questioning
his sobriety. 1t was during the late
campaign that the defendant asserted
that Mr.. Roosevelt was intoxicated
on certain occasion. The Judge pre-
siding at the trial and the Michigan
courthouse in which it began also are
shown.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
To Plan Investigation

Washington. May 29.-Supporters of the
proposed Senate investigation into the
strike situation in the West Virginia coal
mines succeeded today in having a meet
ing of the committee which is to conduct
the investigation called for tomorrow
morning to outline plans for the inves-
tigation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
Capture Arms Shipment

Alpine, Tex. May 29.-Two shipments
Of arms and ammunition billed to Texas
border points and intended. 1t is be-
liesed, for use by Mexican rebels, were
captured at Valentine last night by Uni
ted States Mounted Inspector o. c. Dove
1t is said one machine was not captured
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30

Montgomery, May Especially .)-sev-
enty-fve young ladies of Montgomery
have decreed that their dances shall not
be regulated by rules of established
clubs. and they have organized club
which will allow one to dance the turkey
trof. bunny hug, tango, Boston or any
other step that ons might want to try,
They say thf.t half the joy Of living is
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
"UNCLE REMUS"
MAGAZINE SOLD

Washington. May 2S.--Announcenien
was made here today of the purchase by
Walter Pulitzer of New York Of the
Uncle Remus" magazine, founded sew
eral years ago by the late Joel Chandler
Harris at Atlanta, Ga.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
TREATY OF PEACE
WILL Be SIGNED
IN LONDON TODAY
Turkey and Allies Willing 20
Accept Terms = Strife
Among the Allies
Threatened

London May 29,-The treaty of peace
between the Balkan allies and Turkey
which will be known as the peace of Lon
don will be signed at noon tomorrow
at st. James palace unless some unex-
pected hitch occurs. Servia has followed
Greece in reluctant orders to her dele
gates to sign. Turkey and Bulgaria in
dicated their willingness some time ago
and it is assumed Montenegro will sign.
Greece held out for the addition of a
protocol until the last moment, when
she was assured by Turkey that all con-
ventions prevailing before the war would
resume their effectiveness until an oppor-
tunity was given to discuss the points
at issue
The protocol which Greece wanted ap-
pended to the treaty embodied reserya-
tions by the allies on points yet to be
discussed with the powers such as the
financial post-bellum settlement, the fate
of the Aegean islands and the frontiers
of Albania
Bulgaria and Turkey refused absolutely
to have anything to do with a protocol
the former, regarding it as too likely to
open fresh and undesirable discussions
the latter as betraying a lack of defer
ence to the powers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30
Other Strife Probable

While the peace of London may end
the war in Turkey it may be the signal
for strife among the allies. The speech of
the Servian premier in the parliament
at Belgrade Wednesday when he ex-
planned that Servia desired modifica-
tion of the treaty with Bulgaria regard
ing the division of territory has Increased
irritation to such an extent that it is not
likely now that his meeting with Premier
Guechoff of Bulgaria on the frontier will
take place.
All efforts of Russia to bring about
peace between Bulgaria and Servia ap-
parently have failed and the, worst is
feared. Meanwhile the allies are throw
ing enormous bodies of troops into
Macedonia to occupy disputed territory.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30

CONTINUED ON Page Eight
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-30

tContinued ON Page Ten)
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08
MEX|CANS To USE
WAR AEROPLAMES
ATTEMPT TO SMUCCLE
AEROPLANES ACROSS
I ARIZONA BORDER
TO USE AGAINST GUAYMAs
STATE TROOPS SAID TO HAVE
RECEIVED HIGH EXPLOs-
I'VE SHELLS FOR AIR
FIGHTING


NoGALEs, Ariz. May "A war
aeroplane designed TO aid the sono-
ra stat, troops In investing Guaymas
Is being sought tonight by three de-
tacments OF United States troops, au-
omobile parties, deputy sheriffs and
Federal soldiers.
The machine was lost In transit be-
tween Tucson and this point where
passage into Mexico was denied. An
other machine was reported TO hevc
been smuggled over the border, ar
riving safely at Ortez. the base OF the
state troops In operations against
Guaymas. The missing aeroplane was
shipped from Los Angeles. arriving
last night AZ a desert station twen-
~ miles south OF Tucson. The ma
chine was received by unknown per-
sons and conveyed in wagons and dis
appeared High explosive shells for
air fighting are reported to have al
SO been received by the state troops
which intend TO us over the federal
/ garrison OF Guaymas.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08
vISCOUNT CH|NDA
TO VISIT BRYAN
JAPANESE A M B A SSADOR
AWAITING OPPORTUNI.
TY PRESENT PROTEST
RECOMMEND NEW TREATY
SUGGESTED BRYAN MIGHT
TAKE THIS METHOD OF SET
THING THE DIFFERENCES
THAT HAVE ARISEN

WASHINGTON, ID. c., May L.
First among Secretary Bryan's call
ers when hc reaches Washington io-
morrow will bee Viscount Chiuda, the
Japanese ambassador he has been
assured that the ambassador Is walt
Ing an opportunity to deliver In per
son TO the secretary OF state a pro-
test from his government against the
California alien land legislation.
pnt Is is believed now the efforts
OF Chinda viii be- TO get from the
secrraary some idea OF what the ad-
ministratiou intends 20 do after goy-
crnor Johnson signs the land bill.
Before answering. Bryan will CON
fer with Wilson
II has boan suggested that 10 avoid
q japanese protest Bryan might re
commend new treaty with Japan lC
replace the one of 1871 which has
been unsatisfactory to both parties
4 new treaty expressly disclaiminl
the rights of citizens OF either coun
try 10 acquire real property In Tho
other might meet the needs OF iht
case and save Japanese pride boy re-
moving the grounds Tor the charge
OF discrimination.
II Is pointed out that this plar
would work a hardship upon Ameri
can interests now established 60 "a
pan.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08
ST. LOUIS CT a. MEnS
TITLED ENGIISHMiN

ST. LOUIS, Mo. May Sir VIII
frid Peck, typical young Englishmln
OF title with O passion for globe-troi-
ting and big-game hunting. today
claimed ? 81 Louis girl, Miss Edwina
Thornburg. for IL bride. The we'd
ding took place this afternoon IT
tae firtl. Presbyterian church, aud
was a most brilliant affair. The Rev
Dr W J. McKlttrick. pastor of the
church. officiated Tho bride had
her sister. Mrs John w. Holiday, as
matrou OF honor, and two OF Sir VIII
frid's sisters we're among the brides
maids. Mr. Arthut Kenyon OF Lon.
don acted as best man Followu4
the ceremony az the church large
and brilliant reception was held at
the home of the brides mother, Mrs
William G.. Stribling
The wedding OF Miss Thornburel
and Sir Wilircd Peck Is the culmina
tiou of an Interesting romance. Tn,
pair first met while Miss Thornburgi
was travelling In Europe An ac
Quainiancc and courtship followed
and soon the engagement was an
nounced Sir Wilfrid was hunting 10
India when be- received a cablegrau
from Miss Thornburgh naming th'
wedding day. lie caught the frs
liner from Calcutta and arrived IL
London on April "a. Ia London d,
found a great array Of wedding pres
cnts waiting for his bride, iucludiul
thousands OF dollars worth of golt
and silver plate from relatives an,
friends
Sir WiltrId had the presents pack
en- in two large boxes, intending q
bring them 10 ST. Louis 60 display a
the wedding and then take them hacl
To- England Bat on his arrival Il
New York hc found that he could no
bring them into the country withou
paving duty amounting 20 almost fil
ty per cent of their value. SO b.
left them there, and viii reclaim
them before he departs with hi
bride for ENGLAND a few weeks hence
The couple will make their home a
Sir Wilfrids estate IN Deyonshire.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08

NEW YORK. May John
Mitchell The noted labor leader.
and one OF the few who have not
been denounced by capitalists as
agltators. has become "a political
football in New York state, and is
being kicked aronud from Governor
William Sulzcr to Charles +. Muir
PHI, boss OF Tammany Hall and
back again Tammany Han which
an through It's career has made 70
habit 10 cater 10 labor leaders,
has actually trampled ON one of the
most prominent OF them. However,
this Is not because any one In that
organization has objected TO Mitch
ell-Tammany would bee glad 10
have him within the organization
But Governor Sulzer and Muir
ply are now IN open warfare. Tho
governor nominated Mitchell for
state commissioner of labor with
out the Endorsement OF the leaders
of his party He named some 9th
ers for office who we're dlslllied by
the leaders. Thus. Murphy. whC
controls the state Senate, has seei
to IL that the governors nominations
we're rejected Mitchell was a mere
political victim Rather TINA e
give IN to the governor Tammna!
took the chance of alternating m,
thousands of friends Mitchell haI
among organized labor men of New
/ York
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08

Dr Leonard =. Ayrcs has Just
written for the United States Bu-
rclu of Education summary Of
practical psychology that is psy-
chology as applied To the man who
wants a job Psychology he insists
may determine whotcr or not a can
didate for place as motorman on
Ia street ear or a chauffeur Is wor-
thy OF the job tie calls attention
to the fact that Professor Muster
berg of Harvard tested motormon
in Boston aud found out by psy-
Geological tests that 5per cent Of
the candidates had 10 be eliminated
s T.. Thompson used psychological
tests "called reaction time tests.
In selecting girls to pick flaws in
"a cstccl balls used In ball bearings.
Or Ayres sees great possibilities
in psychological tests for choosing
the right prosons for jobs lie says
when the best possible adjust
mont shall have been attained be-
tween work and workmen each one
will have HIS fun opportunity to
81 ieai. a eln,Ag in com.
monwculth aud common veal The
task of the world will be better
, done aud the workers Will receive
greater rewards. deeper JOY and
fuller satisfaction In their doing
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1913-05-08
FOUR PROMINENT
AME ER|CANS HERE
WHO'S WHO GIVES PAN
HANDLE FOUR PROM
INENT CITIZENS
speclaI hy \ y TImmons.

TIlNiANN NN ". ~. immune
1, CHICAGO. Iay The Panhandle
o. Texas has four %. jhc lN.59i most
prominent Americans. according to
the latest ISSUE OF who's Who it
America Two of these come from
Amarillo. one from Canyon and one
from Srauord The Amarillo repre-
eentatiVes are B g. Lowrcy and Bis
hon Edward Arthur Temple r B.
Cousins De- me Canyon contribution
to tho nations GALAXY oi great men
But the man who gets the most
space OF thp Panhandle representa-.
lives s John Randolph Leonard oi
strattord who u 1909 was nominat-
cd for President of the United states
ON the United Smcs Christian Party
ticket
Mr. Leonard. whose occupation is
given as that of O. retired farmer has
had au interesting career Born
near Wayuoshurs. Green county. pa
ho fought under Jim Lane Boz the
/ Kansas war for free state iu 500
ana was engaged in numerous sEirm-
ishcs Ilc fought throughout the ti
.yl War with tho 92r1 Illinois suIun.
tcrrs Hc lived boz A.usTurfh. Iowa
before roiug.to Siratford. and helped
organize the United Christian party
20 Davenport Iowa. March s.ls'S.