davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
LIEUT..
J.W.
Dun NE


two surfaces, making four Ia all. The
Flaps on the right are controlled by n
lever In the aviator's right hand, while
his left hand similarly controls the left
alerons. The two. consequently. can he
moved together or independently at the
will Of the operator.
1t will he seen that DUNES controls
are far the simplest vet incorporated In
any aercplane " hich has proved itself "A
practical flyer To get i'm the air the
aviator makes no movements OF his CON
trolls whatever. When he wishes TO rise
to higher elevation he pulls back both
levers. thus drawing up all four flaps
taileronsJ. As these arc placed well be-
hind the centre of balance. they increase
the down pressure OH the rear of the ma
chine and cause the nose To point up
ward. TO descend this msnGuvre is re-
versed
The question arises how the aierons
alone can be used for steering from side
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
A Home OF yHe NAHuvi

Such groups or communities are called
aga-usa or relations.
The members do not marry within the
community. but they keep together for
mutual aid and protection. They elect an
elder and form a council which decides
their common affairs and settles disputes.
The communities pay taxes 10 the Russian
authorities.
These natives are generally poor. Their
chief possessions are reindeer, dogs ana
A breed OF very hardy and good tempered
ponies Through the long winter the rein
door and ponies subsist on the grass or
moss beneath the snow. which they remove
with their feet. the strongest grazing In
from: Of the herd and the weaker beasts
following TO browse on what Is left
Though their prosperous folk have log
cottages that are hardly inferior TO those
of the Russians, the Yakuti AS a whole
live i'm yurtas. crude wooden nuts, the
sloping walls Of which are covered with
. thick layer OF turf and stones. For win
dow glass" they use OK bladders in sum-
mer and sheets OF translucent glass In
winter. The fireplace is In the middle Of
the NuItd' "uu - maui VI P"'N" P'
close together and covered with mud or
clay Along the walls inside the dwelling
run low mares. or benches. that serve as
seats by day and beds By night. The
yurta is divided into two parts. To the
right, as YOU enter, are the quarters OF
the women. children and cattle. TO the
left dwell the men. The women are the
slaves OF the establishment They do the
chores. chop wood. make clothes, dress
skins. help the men haul at the fish nets.
mind the children and so forth
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
WHAT THEY EAT.

Tar is the main food of these jewellers
in the coolest part OF the world-not nice,
clean tar. though Tar is the Yakut word
for A compete of meat. fur, roots. fish.
grass and pine bark. This mess is put
into SKINNED milk, mixed with water and
boiled into a sort of porridge. At its best
il Is nasty, and over its worst one should
charitably draw a disinfected veil. In
winter tar is a sinking mixture Of an
cient Ash heads. scraps of leathery hide,
mouldy goose wings and anything else
that happens 10 be lying around-and the
more worms In the ingredients the better.
or the nicer Yakut bon pouches one
might mention reindeer antlers in velvet,
full of blood and soft as pumice stone.
pounded To pulp.
The natives have more than a rGdi-
mentary idea of music and acquire con-
siderable proficiency during the long wiz.
ter evenings at various quaint instruments
made OF carved bone and wood.
The coolest region of the world has
unique industry-the procuring and mar
keting OF mammoth tusks, which are
washed out OF river banks and ravnes
by the spring foods. The wetter the sea
son the bigger the crop. On the beaches
OF the New Siberian Islands, IN the Arc
tic north OF the oblast OF Yakutsk, num-
bers are obtained after the cliffs have
been undermined and eroded by grinding
Ice packs that scrape along shore Be-
tween twenty-five and thirty tons are OBJ
famed every year. and the finds are dis
posed OF at tho annual summer mammoth
ivory iair 1t the City OF Yakutsk. Only
the core OF the tusk is OF use. The outer
tusk, which is stained dark brown by
thousands of years immersion in thu
tundra hogs. is In q crumhling condition
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

in front at a smaller angle than that
made by the leading edges Jf the sur
faces.
Dunno has proved over and over again
that this arrangement produces an abso-
lutely stable craft. not only laterally but
fore and aft as well. Without the slight
est effort on the part of the operator the
very shape Of his supporting surface pre-
serves his balance automatically taking
care of every gust no matter what the
direction The sole use Of the controls,
in fact. is for steering.
On the trip from London to Paris. pi-
loted by Felix. the aeroplane underwent
practically every hard trial that aero
planes are heir TO. Hal, wind hot waves
and complete stopping OF the motor at
an altitude OF $500 feet over rough coun-
try. hard landings on rough country. but
through all the aeroplane behaved admir-
ably.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

peilo, the famous surgeon general under
General Tchernayev, estimated that %
per cent were totally blind and 60 per
cent partly so. However, the blind are
far from inactive. They attend, for in
stance. to most OF the netmaking. no In
considerable part of the labors Of a ma
ton subsisting by fishing and hunting.
The Yakuts are inveterate smokers and
always wear a tobacco pouch, with pipe
and flint and steel attached 10 the belt
about their waist They are fairly skill.
full handicraftsmen as carpenters and ex-
ceedingly clever carvers of wood and
bone. The life they put into a group Of
snaring polar bears, a favorite subject,
would be a revelation 10 many OF our
sculptors with regulations for animal
represoutati or
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
EXTERNALLY FROZEN SOIL.

The eternaly frozen soil begins in the
southern parts Of the province. Around
the City of Yakutsk, its chief town and
administrative centre, experiments show
that the ground is frozen to a depth Of
many hundred feet At the height OF
summer only a yard OF unfrozen soil
veneers the admixture Of earth and ice.
affording foothold for the gray tundra
moss and occasional patches of bilberry,
dwarf willow and grass. This ever frozen
soil eXerts d great influence on the con-
figuration of the lakes and rivers II
prevents the absorption of the water by
the earth. There are no springs and no
subterranean waters. 1t accounts, too
for the great number of lakes and
marshes i'm Northern Siberia. For the
same reason the rivers are very prone to
rise and overflow their banks after day
or two of heavy rain.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
PEOPLES OF THE NoRTHLAND.

Who are the folk VINO have TO bear the
brunt OF this terrible climate. and how
do they suhsist2
The avetage man seems To picture ST.
IBERIA as inhabited sol-iy uy Russian CON
yicts and Cossack guards, with fringe
Of some mysterious and ferocious persons
called Tartars. to eaten one OF whom Is
exceedingly unhealthy. ~ matter OF
TACT. the native tribes of the country
form a substantial proportion If the 10
peoples with their own customs and
Language inhabft the Russian En-
pire Yakuts and Teluts and TelenSats
and Soyots and Akah1usk rartars and
Alcuts and Booriats and Yukagirs and
Colds and ,Yanouts and Iyrlans anG
Tchukchs and Korlaks and kamschat-
dalcs-they are an extensive chronological
field Of research.
only 10 per cent of the 100000 inhabi-
tauts Of the oblast OF Nakutsk are Rus
SLAMS. More than 2O0WJ are Yakuts;
Tunguscs number 1000 or So, and few
thousand Dogans. I.amuts and fukagirs
and a sprinking OF other native tribes
men complete the toll.
The Yakuts. who are peaceahle. ener-
cetic folk. not unlike Esquimaus TO look
upon. live In groups scattered here and
there In the forests or on the tundras,
each family inhahitins yurta. II they
We're evenly distributed over the whore
country each family or yurtl would own
an area. OF twenty-eight square miles.
But they prefer To settle IN groups. where
there is plenty of pasture, or In the
neighborhood OF lakes and rivers abound
ing with fish. or in forests where game is
10 be had.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

The multitudnous streams. and pools
freeze I'D at the end OF August, and be-
fore the end of September the region is
clad in It's mantle of snow. Down. down
sinks the mercury day by day. Early In
October it is lowering just above zero,
Fahrenheit, and during TIE next few
weeks it sinks TO - under December,
January and February produce degrees OF
cold Of which we dwellers in a more for
tunate cline can form little conception.
\ warm February day may give as high
a reading as 20 under in the north OF the
province. while a chilly spell sends the
mercury diving down to 50 and even ~
degrees Fahrenheit below zero.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
THE CYNICAL FISH.

His books are cynical" said Robert
w. Chambers, at the Century Club. His
books give us a depressing view of man
kind They are like the Ash story.
"A mother fish was swimming with
three or four thousand OF her offsprins'
when one OF them swallowed big,
juicy worm and-whisk, shot up and
disappeared
The other little fishes had often wit
them said:
is 1t unhealthy to get caught MAN.
ma?
oh. no. my dear-far from IT, the
mother fish cynically replied. All our
tribe increase 50 or 80 per cent In weight
on being landed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
SOUNDS PRODUCED BY COLD.

But the stiffness is only apparent. Tie
snow CRATES and squcaHs under foot. and
IT rings like metal when Jared by a
heavy football The breath congeals ard
falls To the ground in nue crystals. The
deep silence Of the nignt IS broken by
weird sounds, like long-drawn-out means
and screams, with now and then a suG-
den thunder as Of cannunade. from the
bursting ice and the rending OF the frozen
earth. Ice becomes as hard az stone
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
THE BRITISH WAR OFFICE.

Lieutenant DUNES earliest work was
done under the direction OF the British
War Office but the authorities at that
time were very skeptical regarding the
future of flying. and. In consequence.
parsimonious. Eventually the War ONCE
came to the conclusion that heavler-th
air machines would never fly. and both
Lieutenant Dunno and his machine were
abandoned.
During another of the recent trials OF
the machine, with the wind blowing In
gusts up TO twenty miles an hour, the
aeroplane described complete circle
without the slightest guidance on the part
OF the operator. after he had adjusted his
controls for the circuit
Some months ago. utterly discouraged
by the treatment he had received at
home. Lieutenant Dunno took his plans
over to France and was welcomed with
open arms as an inventor OF the highest
rank.
Andre Beaumont, the winner of the
Paris-Rome race and the European cir
cults has described what the lack OF
inherent stability means when the avi-
ator and machine are the playthings of
the elements. IL was at Pau three
months after his arrival at the school.
and he was beginning to fly across
country He had flown to a nearby
town and was to start back. A crowd
gathered to see him and urged him to
start In spite OF the wind.
He did, and I'm his own words: II had
only risen a little above the beach when
| was caught In whirlwind, blown up
like feather to a height OF 1870 feet.
and violently tossed about Powerless
as l was against the wind. 1 tried to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
AT VlLLACOUBlAY.

Felix flew under worse conditions at
VillaSoublay afterward before Brigadier
General Hirschauer. the commander of
the French aerial corps. who represented
the Minister Of War.
Steering ls accomplished by aiIerons.
one at the rear. OF each end of the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
SWINGING TO RIGHT.

And the result? There is Immediately
set up OF the right wing "A greater re-
sstance than on the left. which means.
of course, that the machine swings TO
the right Meanwhile. with the resist
ance increased, the right side Is also de-
pressed. for the aileron IL raised to "A neg
alive angle. creating "A down pressure.
while the llft of the left wing. with the
aileron at the positive angle. is increased.
Lieutenant DUNES aeroplane Is by no
means an entirely new one. The machine
Ia probably the oldest one In design In the
United Kingdom, and has survived prac-
tically unchanged from an experimental
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

to SIDE and here we discover another nov
city Of the Dunno system. II. for In
stance, the aviator wishes 20 turn to the
right, he pulls back his right hand lever
and pushes forward that on his left. rails
ing the ailesons on the right wing and de-
pressing those or the left wing
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

~ RAZING the edge Of the rainbow
in an aeroplane has not been an
~ unmixed delight for all concerned
during the ten years since Wilbur Wright
made the first flight i'm heavier han-air
machine above the sand dunes at Kitty
Hawk, y. G.. on December II. 1908.
BY "alI concerned is meant the avia-
tors and their friends. The friends have
never known where the aviators would
most likely fall. And the fact that the
aviator himself has been possessed of
only the most vague and unreliable an
formation on the subject has not helped
TO make happy and bright the pathetically
numerous occasions when bird men were
about 10 take TO the highway Of the stars
The results to the human beings who
a few moments before raced through the
silence Of the spheres are the same
whether they were deserted by the flying
machine or retained as passengers TO the
end Of the frightful Journey
But now there come from across the
Atlantic tidings Of the wonderful inven-
ton Of Lieutenant j. W Dunno, formerly
Of the Royal Engineers I'm the British
army, who, II seems. has really evolved
DlplaDe winch Is dDSOiulely ioOi-pioOi'
or non-capsizabe
A little imagination will increase
mans happiness 100 per cent, but not
when something goes wrong with the
lateral stability or fore and aft Of hy-
ing machine The more imagination he
has under those circumstances, the m
happier il makes him 10 note that the
earth is a mile and a half away
REMAINING IN THE AIR.
Shortly before he died Wilbur Wright
wrote letter, i'm which he said
"Our new aeroplane will represent the
development of practically all we have
learned since we've been studying the
problem Of air transportation Everybody
who has ever seen a buzzard flying knows
that there must be a method whereby
human beings can also remain In the air
once they really find themselves aloft.
'"rhe sole difficulty is that Nature pro-
Vides birds with the means of soaring
without exerting themselves, while hu-
mans must devise artificial means Of
achieving the same result. The real prob
lem now confronting US is to find out
whether we. too, like the birds. once
we're IN the air. can stay In IL indefinite
Is The bird can do II. Why shouldn't
men?"
Apparently Lieutenant Dunno has taken
the first step away from the Wrights
looking toward such a contamination
Frenchmen are going crazy about the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
4 NAkUv YAK

which drive II against the shore only
crush IL little By little. ln the rivers. on
the other hand. the ice - violently broken
up and borne toward the sea by the pow
crful spring floods. At irst tho water -
unable to carry the huge Ice Hoes which
IN narrow places heao up in colossal
masses. dammng up the river until the
barrier Is broken. Then, sweeping on
ward with resistless force. II destroy S
everything in its path. carrying away
earth. rocks and entire groves Of trees
..-hL-n urn L.nnu-n dnMn lllIn yrass
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

FIG l. SKETCH ILLUSTRATING THE VARYING ouRyAr-
URe OF RIOS " WINGS or DUNE blpLAGE. OOr1eO
LINE REPRESENTS LINE or CONTACT WITH THE iMAC-
MARY CONE UPON WHICH THE WINGS ARE DRAWN
OUT. AFT or THIS LINE THE WING SURFACES ARE FLAT
hGS SKETCH ILLUSTRATING TIE USE or PAPER.
DUhNE AePOolANe
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28
THE dunno CURVES.

But the greatest difference from ordi-
nary types is yet TO be detailed. This lies
I'm the Gambler, or curve. of the planes
which is positive up close to the centre.
gradually approaching neutral toward the
middle point of each wing. and becoming
actually negative at the extreme tip.
Looking straight down the wings, IL il
seen that the surface resembles the roof
of tunnel the centre lines Of which join
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

model. which was used as early as 1906
two years before any power driven aero
planes were i'm use in Europe.
During one trial flight recently the pilot
was able To take up passenger, who
could observe the time during which the
machine was flown without any of the
control gear being touched and while it
was locked The steadlness OF the ma =
chine was so great that the pilot was
able to write record of what was hap
pening while mis- hands were of the con-
trolling mechanism.
During another flight the pilot wrote
several messages I'm his ordinary hand
writing without interfering with the di-
rection Of the aeroplane or with its
natural stability. although the machine
was flying at speed Of more than sixty
miles an hour
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

The only difference between wit and
impudence lies in the size OF the man
uttering ii.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-28

Dunno biplane, and that is pretty good
sign. because the French were the first
TO acclaim the Wrights.
The browning triumph of Lieutenant
Dunno came only short time ago. whe n
Commander Julien Felix. the famous
1 French aviator who flew from Casa
Blanca to Fee, in Morocco. plloted ON"
OF the Dunno biplanes from Esstchurci
10 France, crossing the Channel in a VIC.
lent storm. Upon alghtlng, Commands
Felix expressed surprise that the rev
flying machine had not become famous
long ago. He spoke of it as n revolu-
tionsry invention and predicted that in
two years 1t would be the only practical
aeroplane In existence.
FELIX IN THE MACHINE.
After seeing the aeroplane fy once
Commander Felix tried It, and al the very
first fight found il so stable and self
regulating that he was able TO take his
hands off the controls and hy with his
hands waving in the air-there IL, per-
haps. nothing easier for Frenchmans
hands 10 do-wlth complete sense of Sc
curity, for the machine ne said after
ward, few on steadily. righting itself
without assistance from him.
After while Commander Felix was so
overcome by the feeling Of security that
letting go everything. he stepped on the
seat OF the aeroplane while in flight and
danced with JOY.
Before the end of the year Americans
will be able to see one OF these machines
by reason Of the fact that w. Startling
Burgess, OF Marblehead, Mass. has Sc
cured the sole rights In America to the
Dunno safety aeropiane.
Although the Dunno is a biplane, il rs
far different in appearance from those
ordinarily seen. The leading edge COM
monty is straight from end to end. IN
the Dunno, however. 1t has the shape Of
"V." the whole machine, therefore,
assuming the form of harrow.
Between the upper and lower surfaces
and running back from the point of the
~" is the body. or fuselage. which
houses the pilot passenger, engine, fuel,
etc. The length OF the fuselage is q feet.
Arizona republican., 1913-08-30
BERLIN CONFERENCE
 AND EXPOSITIONS

The Berlin conference which has Eeen cited as reason for the de- ,zsion of Great Britain and probably sssD Germany not to participate in the Fanaml- Pacific exposition, was ali agreement made by certain powers not r. take part in q universal expo suion unless it follows preceding exposition If this character three wears The agreement was signed at Berlin, October 2C, 1912 The reason for -=ucn am agreement is to be found in the work of q committee that had headquarters at Brussels for few Years and that bore the name Comite Felge des Propositions TEtrangeres- The aim of the committee was to regulate participation in eXpositions and to reduce the number of them. -Fhe Ee.En conference drew up an aereeuent carrying out committee re- concentrations.
 one of the articles of the agree nent provides No contracting country may organize official or of tlciaIly recognized participation nor subvyntion private participation in q universal exposition, even when it
Arizona republican., 1913-08-30
PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD
 OF M0KI SNAKE DANCE

To bring out the best of all the
 thousands of photos that were taken at the Molli snake dance on August 21
 Hon. H. Welch has offered prize of
 five American dollars per exhibit. The
 idea of bringing together the best of
 the photographic records of the unique
 Indian ceremonial has struck some
 amateur photographers as extremely sensible, and those who are more inter-
 ested in seeing at one shot the actual
 complete and comprehensive set of
 snake dance pictures than earning the
 five are also much in favor of the scheme.
 Good pictures of such events are of
 real value in art. Certain poses the
 more unconscious sort, when properly developed in art photos are good for
 enlargement and hanging just as real artistic art of the paint and canvas
 kind.
 So Welch, who by the way is pretty certain to figure personally in some of the snake dance pictures has agreed to be the angel in the Eastman Salon, and put up personally the said spon- duliX. The exhibition will probably be staged at the board of trade rooms,  just as was that now famous exhibit after the great parade of q few short months ago. Judges with the right qualifications will pass on the exhibits [ and award the prize, or prizes, in case others are offered. It may be that some Maecenas will offer more prizes. with the provision of receiving the collection which wins his premium.
 Judging by the appearance of the bank of Hopi houses just immediately
 surrounding the little placita on which the dancers performed, there should be twenty-five or more entries from Phoenix alone. Outside folks will like ly enter dozen or more sets, so the
 judges will have q bit of work before
 them in separating the photographic
 wheat from the chaff and finding the
 set of silver nitrate smears that best
 portray the antics of the aborigines
 on that memorable afternoon
Arizona republican., 1913-08-30
THIS GREAT OFFER
 IS STILL OPEN
Picture Frame Bargains at BaIke's
 Biq Curio Store

rIcture Frame Bargains at BaIke's
 Big Curio Store
 Though scores have availed them selves of the reduction in the nrice of picture frames at Balke's Big Curio Store. many have not yet done so, hence the issuance of the last call. The time of the year is at hand when housewives will be brightening things up for the fall and winter and that will involve the touching up of picture frames, else they will look dingy amid their new surroundings
 The prices made by the Big Curio store are exceedingly low People who patrOnize the picture frame de- partment of the Big Curio may not only be sure that they are getting bargains but that they are getting the benefit of the experience of tie only expert picture frame maker be- tween Fl Paso and Los Angeles, the man who knows what kind of a frame a picture should have to set it out to the best advantage.
 There are many hundreds of styles of moulding in the Big Curio picture frame department and out of this great and varied stock patrons may have their choice. made for them if they wish. by man capable of making it.
 In framing pictures at the Big Curio store only the best, flawless French picture glass is used. Those who desire to take advantage of this offer should come soon for it cannot be kept open g.-Advertisement.