davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
Determined
To Have Currency
Legislation Passed
DELIVERS MESSAGE ON SUBJECT TO CONGRESS IN PERSON
YESTERDAY AND INSISTS HAT IMMEDIATE ACTION
Is A DUTY OWED TO THE COUNTRY
President Points Out That That Should Be Dealt With
Before Congress AdOurns-Preparaons Begin
Committee Work Soon As Bill Is Presented

WASHINGTON. II. G.. June 23.-
fixed determination to have curren-
cy legislation passed at this session
OF Congress was accepted by the mem
bers OF the House and Senate as
President Wilson's text for the cur
rency message. which he personally
presented to-day 10 Congress. assem-
bled in joint session In the House
chamber. Roth Democrats and Re
publicans saw in the carefully worded
appeal of the President an earnest
conviction that the monetary situa-
ton must he dealt with before Con
eress adjOurns. And preparations
were made to begin committee work
on the administration bill which will
soon be introduced in the House by
Representative Carter Glass. and in
the Senate by Senator owen.
From the rOstrOm of the House
chamber the President. in carefully
nodulated tones that carried his
words To every corner OF the chamber
read the brief message that he had
prepared Crowded galleries. cabinet
officials. Senators and Representa-
tives. Democrats and Republicans. sat
In tense silence as the President.
with forcetul earnestncSs. told them:
1t is perfectly clear that II is our
duty 10 supply the new banking and
currency system the country needs.
and that il will Immediately need il
more than ever.
We must act now az whatever sac
rifce 10 ourselves. II is duty which
the circumstances forbid rs To post
pone. should be recreant 10 my
deepest convictions of public obliCa-
tion did I not press it upon you with
solemn and urgent insistence."
Second Defiance Of Custom.
The occasion was the Presidents
second defiance Of tho custom of 100
years. which sent Presidents mes
saGes. long. GIll documents. TO be read
20 weary conCres, men hv a hoarse
voiced clerk. and the affair moved
smoothly. The senate and house
gathered in the houso chamber.
where the galleries had already boon
crowded. and members chatted while
they awaited the Presidents coming
The cabinet officers. except Secretary
OF State Bryan and Secretary Of the
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
Evidence of a Most
Sensational Nature
In the Bribery Case
BURNS DETECTIVE WHO LAID THE TRAP TELLS HOW THE
GAME WAS WORKED AND HOW HE PAID SENATOR
SMITH LARGE 81 Ms OF MONEY.
Witness Attorney Clash Judge Prevents Their Com
ing Together-Detectiye Subjected to Severe Cross
Examination During Which Lie Is Passed.

Riddinger said he told the Roane coun-
y senator.
Gave Him Money.
Biddinger testified that he first met
Senator Smith when Smith was
brought TO his room by Delegate Rath
Dun. one Of the inGitced men. He
gave his 500 az the time of their
FIRST meeting. another 500 the same
night in the room of Delegate :. 4. G.
Rhodes and promised him 81 900
when he voted for Edwards. on the
next day after Senator Smith had
changed his vote from Emmett Sho-
walter To Edwards he gave him 81 900.
I gave him the money in two pack
ages. one continuing $50 bills and the
other s. bills. | told HON 10 count the
money. and no missed TWO s. bills !
had taken out OF one package. and |
gave him the missing money" testi-
fed the witness
These conversations. he asserted.
were overheard hy Witnesses on the
dav OF the arrest. RiddinEer related
that he had taken Senator Smith into
a room AZ q Charleston hotel and af-
ter giving him $1,000 more upon the
preteNt that he desired the legislator
10 500 Colonel Edwards and thank
him for the money. he took him 10 a
rear room. where he was turned over
- a squad ~ officers. among whom
were Prosecuting Attorney Townsend.
and The marked money was taken
from his pockets
Outline Of Defense.
The outline of the defense 10 be
made 20 the charges ~ bribery Was
exposed by counsel for the defense
when Efforts were made 20 have Bid
Cingor Identity certain reports made
hy numerous detectives who had been
in Charleston prior to the coming az
Wdding"r ami made reports 20 tho
New York Office 81 the detective agcn.
cv Bid6inGer denied any knowledge
Of these reports and stated he was
Uuacqua n'ed with many OF n" detec-
t!ves who had made thes.. reports 10
New York. Although y has not yet
developed. b. mas re-n ioarref that
'he reports of n number of detectives
Who we're trailing the legislators prior
20 Hiddirgers entr,' upon the scene
were stolen from the files OF the uffice
Continued on Page Niie)
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24

Navy Daniels. who with their wives
occupied gallery seats. had places on
the floor of the house.
\ Joint committee led by Majority
Leader Underwood and Senator Kern
met the President and escorted him
10 the clerks desk on the rostrum.
The Presidents Address.
re immedint"ly launched into his mes
Sase. which was a. follows.
Mr. Speaker Mr. President and Gentie-
men of the Congress
II - under the compulsion OF what
seems I" mo clear aud Imperative duty
=, 80. ~. N.I ne riiNii"S" Of addressing you
IN person know. Of course. that the
ntateu season Of IN" year - upon u.s.
llht Murh in these chambers and in the
c"mmit''' rooms iS likely to become n
burden h~ -" season icugthens. and that
every consideration of rersonal ronvenI-
'h'' AMI personal comfort. perhaps is
ttc ease 'f some of ms sonsidera lions of
PERSONA health even dictate an early
INCLUSION uf IN" deliberations OF the
session. but ther. are occasions OF p,b-
Hc d9tN when these things which touch
% tllN"irlN seem very small. when the
W"ik 10 o." done i~ s." pressing and so
ii"nEht w,tI hiE consequence that we
Nh'M mat "" at' n"t at liberty to weigh
"sainst u any point of personal sarri-
Il'- We are now IN the presence OF
sHth an occasion. IL Is absolutely inn
Iri"tlN" that We should give the busi-
cure icy system hy means of which they
can make us" OF tho freedom of enter
pms" and "f individual Initiative which
"" "i' dl"Ai 70 n"st"w upon them
About TO Remove Tariff
W. aI" about L. set them free. Wa
ml>t h"i .'aVe them without the tools OF
d' ton Nn"u they are free. We are about
t' ~"i t.t"fu i5"" 10y removing the tram
fn"iS "i ff" prUf"rtI'. tariff liver since
tn" .tiNil. War they have waited for this
emancipation and for tho ir.e oppnrtuul-
Ties = Viii 'riu- with .. II has ieen re-
~'rN"'i f"r us ts cIN" it t. them soma
i'I tH l"E'. indeed. with the Slothfui So
'trliN 80 fIelr dependence uprn the gov
eminent. some took advantage of the
shelter "f iI- ftr~ef! tu ~et NJ a mimic
mastery of their own within its walls
N"N both tho tuuir and tU. dlSeIuliue oP
bH"rtN and mat liItN are Too enStis There
Wlilif' som" Iea'iIu-tmeff Of purupSn ana
i"int "f View. There viii follow !. pario iod
"f 'NGtn~i"u and r'r ENTERPRISE. freshly
conceived " - for tIs to ,leterruire noy,,
whether u sail b" rapid and faciie and
rf easy accomplishment This IL cannot
. hc unless ~" re~DIrr-.l business n, en-
Ni" are tp I"al Win tie new cirruu-
Stances arc ~ have AZ hand and. reauv
i"r ES' the luSfrumenfalifies and COM
Veuieuc's of free enterprise which inde-
Continued on Page Nine)
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
DOrenuS
Is Named
Chairman

WASHINGTON. Juno % Tho
democratic congressional committee
tonight elected Representative Doro-
mus. of Michigan. chairman. and
URGED him fo cooperate VIZ. th"
democratic national committee IN tho
coming mid presidential campa.en.
Mr. Dorcmus is understood 90 have
boon President Wilson's choice ~
head III" bdrty'- concrc- --.onal cam.
piIEu organization ~, vas elected
Dos vote Of o" to q aft"l several
months ~ iiVclv skirmishinE for tho
post. with Representative Cliu~ ~
Indiana. SABBATH. &C Illinois IIlyd of
Missouri 'ho retiring chairman. and
sharp of ohio prominently mentioned
as possibilities
The nov chairman be- serving his
second term iu congress &c. was ac.
ft" in 'h" Washington and chicago
headquarters ~ fha congregational
committee in M" iast campaign. lie
said to-n.eh' ~ va 'oo early 20 fore
cast any campaign program
Harmony Prevailed.
Harmony prevailed throughout fo.
NIGHTS proccodiur- Tho orfauila.
f.on va- completed and otsrything i-
noe ready for planning fh" coming
rImrtEr-
R"pr' .,nf1five Palmer. of PennsyI
tani1. l- member ~ both tho va
fior1l and Con-rD. Ioual committees
taid fho former realized trc trans
rru1ouf impor'anrn' OF fhr Cousrc.
.inrai clmpirn o. 1918 ffo said
fhcro should ho systematic cam
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
FIGHT RESULTS
in A MURDER

.r..H. ||. rff.. f. f.n f.f.. ...-..rt
NTINGTON. IS Ns tur. ..
irving f0 rl1t o." part of a peace
maker Hu trIf between Hairless
l1rk and FRANK Ndkue af 'un-dr
Park iaef uight resulted .u fre death
TODAY of 2 " Pennington tvsrf,
fVo Of C1fleffshurE kt Pennington
nas struck on tbo held with a base
BOIL b1f hy one uf fhr Grhfnr. o..
never recovered cone..ou.ns.- Pa,t
and Adkins vcre both lrr, .f.I ar Il,
charge OF murder
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
Pelkey Is Not Guilty
OF Manslaughter In
Killing of M'Carty

CALGARY. Alberta. Jlne 27-Ar-
ihur Felk"y. The pugilist. tonight was
acquitted a. mans laughter charge
which was placed against him as A
result of tho death of Luther Nc
Cariy. who died iu the first round OF
scheduled ten round bout al the
i'urns arena here May g last. II was
charged by tho government that Nc
Carly di'd from blow administered
hy Pclkcy
Tn" iIry was orr g. minutes before
reiurninc Tho verdict although Chier
Justic" Iiarvcy's char.a was said to
De- 'nfaForahi" 90 tho defendant.
lr bis chars" 20 the jury Mr. Har-
Vov admitted that there was some
doubt a. - whether or not the con.
'rst Va. Illegal bur DO said there
vas mo- doubt that death had beon
caused Dos blow. and that tho Jury
should consider on'y whether the
defendant was ru-lty ~ causing tho
death o. DIS opponent in an effort %
win tho prize place uI on tho contest.
F"lh"y was juhHauf when no
learned ~ tho verdict and declared
~ 01e eNaCflV what ha ~vpected The
verdict va- to fhc effect that fhe con-
t"s' Was % prize frhf. hu' that Pei
keH was NOT guilty Of mansiauehfe-.
in1em much a- fhe blow he struck was
SCOT intended fo ca'Ise fatal results. L.
History Of Case.
Tho contest VhIch resulted In the
ransi1uchfor rr1rco Va. scheduled
'"H round a4tir. and terminated when
~ h11 been in TroEra. l.-s than two
mirut'- Ths crraf crowd had hard
is settled ir fho se4f4 In anticipation
off 1 lorc rru'lirc battle when Nc
tarfv fnI fo 'na fonr after n Quick
exchange ~ Fov-. and doctors soon
pronounced him dead Tho crown con.
tended f VAS during thf- oVrhanya
fh'' tho blow fo tho jaw was struck
I'Ikrt. Tommy fu~us PROMOTER %
fhr contest Referee Ed smith and
William NcCarrry NcCartys man.
asrr were taken into custody. tho
H'f'r two heirr bold or'v as Wit
rosaca
SfarHur frts'opmcr'- followed m
rapid uDr"- iou after frr principals
H ''. nHfr HII boon released ON
honl- Tho .u-onrr- iurt vr'sh the
crown rHFrr.I 0Ha composed p
fr'nd- OFF BURNS hold a0 inquest and
rr Irrff T -ii.f tNu.orlrr- Tc'krv
Hri tho ofh.re f-om 4I blame Tho
verdict 500. -r' Ia.|. 1t fho crown
Burns arena wee burned to the
rr0rHd fr" rirrf following tho fatal
contest and four pcr-ou4 narrowly
'..'f"I death The oriE'u of tho fire.
hI. r'ttr h..r r'.irr1
Tho fr1I OF Tmm, Burns viii he
ItH here boz B.Irff..
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
Attorney General to
Make Full Report to
Wilson on M'Nab Case

WASHINGTON. June 23-Attorney
General McRcynolds will make full
rel ort 10 President Wilson tomorrow
at IN" President request on the
causes thar moved him g. di-ecf -o-'.
pOEementS of the Diggs-C -CaminettI
white slave cases an. tnr tIa.- "a
two directors Of the Western Fuel
Company. IN" basis Of the resignation
of United States Attorney John l.
Nc Nab. Of San Francisco. and his SEN
sltIonal charges against the head =
the department of justice.
one OF III" days most remarkable
developments in the unusual episode
was the receipt by the President Of "a
telegram from CLAYTON HerTinSton.
special agent Of tho department Of
Justice. in charge Of the federal tu-
r"au al investigation AZ san Fran
cisco. demanding the removal from
.oGic" %; Attorney General McRoy-
noIds Hcrrington's official superior
Officials tonight declared that tho
question OF summary action 10 Her
rins'ons cas-" probably would be
taken up hy tho attorney general
Th" department of justice was IN
icuoraucn of th" special AGENTS ITo-
to-' until its publication iu ih" after
noon pap.r- lf vas then called 20
tho attention of tho attorney general
Early in rho day. before ii"srinEton's 3
action became known ~ the depart.
mcr'. officials we're somewhat mysti-
fod and later amused hy th" receipt
~ telegram from another specia
agent applying for the vacancy At
san Francisco
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
SUGAR SCHEDULE
is REACHED In
TARIFF CAUCUS
BIG FIGHT ON THIS FEATURE
OF THE MEASURE WILL
OPEN TO-DAY.
Up to This Point Caucus Has Been
Harmonious. But This Fea-
ture Will Cause a Row.

WASHINGTON. w H. c. June "a
democratic Senators opposed to free
sugar enlivened the Senatorial caucus
iat" to-day. beginning their final ef-
iori 10 change the schedule before the
'hTlH hlil reaches the Senate for gen
"ral debate. The Western and Toui-
slana Senators We're primod To make
% Titanic fight against the provision
approved and urged by President VII
son. which provides that sugar shall
b" free Of duty in 1916.
Senators Shafroth. OF Colorado and
Walsh. ~ Montana. took up tho con.
'esi when the schedule was reached
suddenly late This afternoon II had
not been expected that tho caucus
Would reach sugar before tomorrow
hut Tho metal and wool schedules
Wef" rushed through with little dis
cHSSion. and before - O'Clock tho deck &
""r" cleared for The first and most
determined interuccine par'v tariff
StrILEl" This will be- tho acid tesf
Tor free SUGAR To tho decision q,
fh" caucus th" Democratic Senators
VIII h" pledged. and the prosper Is
thnf only senator Thornton and
kausd'il. of Louisiana. viii be- 70
leased from tho binding resolution
mat Is 10 be adopted There is q pos.
SIhiliiy of on" other Senator asking
for relief
Sent for Newlands.
Senator Ran-drli who Dr. LEADING
10" frhf on free sgra-. hurried from
'ho caucus room whom % VAS anna.
ont that The sugar schedule wouid ba
reached. and scrt messenger for
senator NeV lands. ~ Nevada Uo
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24
THE WEATHER

whsHINoToN. june ~ -rorecast
wet WIfuInI Local fhunnarrfor :
Turs. ~ rud probably "wednesday
Ohio ana western reuuaYIvanfa-
rroba rly local thuuderarowcrs Tuesday
and "wednesday, ught q modersts south
uInda
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24

Continued on Page Niie.)
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24

said he told the Roane coun-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-06-24

Continued on Page Nine.)
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
ARLENE CEMETERY TRUSTEES
HOLD REGULAR MEETING

The regular monthly meeting Oh
trustees of the cemetery association
was held last evening and many
matters relating to the association
were discussed. The trustees are
doing everything possible to increase
the funds Of the organization ana
to beautify the cemetery.
The perpetual care fund is stead
ily growing and in few years VIII
be sufficient to keep the cemetery
in good order.
1t is hoped the citizens OF Abilene
will continue to take pride in the
work Of the association and tnat
as many as possibly can do SO VIII
arrange for the perpetual care OF
their lots. The trustees should De
ENCOURAGED by the people generally
for a beautiful cemetery is some
thing to be proud of.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
BRICE HUFF OF SOLOMON
ARRESTED FOR ASSAULT.

Brice Huff of Solomon got drunk
yesterday and made threats against
his sister-in-law. Mrs. Mary Huff.
In a telephone message to County
Attorney Hurd Mrs. Huff said that
he had possession of a large butcher
knife, and threatened to "cut her
heart out" and was ON a general
rampage.
Acting upon this message the
county attorney had a state warrant
issued and sent the sheriff after
him. He is now in the county Jail
and will be tried in the morning on
charge of assault and battery.
About a month ago he was ar
rested on a similar charge. and gave
bond for $500 to keep the peace. II
he is found guilty in the morning
his bond will be forfeited.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
sIIaoe for Cattle.

Nebraska farmers living in Q re.
gion where the land sells for $3.50 and
upward an acre are finding greatly In
creased profits from the use Of silage
in fattening their cattle, one success
full farmer having been engaged IN
feeding $50 tons Of silage from -
acres OF land, putting all his stock
in prime condition. Cattle fed this
way are marketed in fine shape, and
feed bills are greatly lessened. The
reports of increased profits are In
spring other neighboring stockmen
TO do the same thing, and many farm
ers are now raising their own feeders
in this way. It Is probable that In
the end the increase in silos viii do
more than anything else to bring
the beef crop up to the normal stand
ard.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
7W6E1 ERAL
5EKRw2f10TBS

Rust and abuse wear out more tools
than work.
Benny Best tomato is q very desir-
able early variety.
Try the most promising new var
ieties of vegetables, but don't rely on
them.
Don't forget to have a row OF sun
flowers: the seeds are excellent for
poultry.
Sow the Queen onion thtckly for
picklers. The little white bulbs are
very attractive.
When short Of room, train squash
vines on treIlises or wire fence; they
are good climbers. ... N. III
For the lands sake and the improve
ment Of the ration grow plenty OF
clover and alfalfa.
Plan cucumbers In level rows; In
dry seasons they do better than when
grown in elevated beds.
Nitrogen is gathered from the air
by the clover, and deposited In the
soil: a gain in humus results
Fertility, barnyard manure and crop
rotation are old subjects, but OF vital
import to thousands Of farmers.
Wire fences grounded at about
every fifth post will be practically
proof against harm by lightning.
A row OF gladioii along the edge
of the kitchen garden is q thing OF
beauty and joy to the farmers wife.
AS g general rule the finer the man.
ure and the more evenly distributed
the more accessible It IL to the crops
grown.
A dipper Of very warm water turned
over cabbage heads several times dur
ing the season, will destroy cabbage
worms.
Clover IL the pivot about which .
good rotation hinges. Corn IL scarce
" second in Importance. The grains
are third.
Be careful in the adjustment OF seed
drills. Too heavy seeding causes
heavy and unnecessary expense u
thinning.
The Soy bean e becoming more pop
uIar "a northern districts. Many vego-
table growers could use Il 70 advan-
tago 6 . soil improvement crop.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
MRS. LENA ROBSON LOST.
Is at Gettysburg Reunion and Got
Separated from Father.

The following from the Getty1B-
burg Daily Times of June 80, tells
of the separation Of an Abilene wo-
man from. her father, ]. G. seaton.
While the, Reflector has been unable
to learn of her return, it is presum-
ed that such is the case. The arti-
Gle follows:
Mrs. Lena Robson Of Abilene,
Kansas, came to Gettysburg with her
father. arriving here Sunday night
about $3.50. When they left the train
at camp the father and daughter be-
came separated and the latter has
not been heard from since. The
father is Joseph G. Seaton and Is
located at tent 234, E. 10th street,
where his daughter should go I'M
mediately and relieve his anxiety.
The daughter is described as a wo-
man about 30 years of age. feet
6 inches in height, brown hair, dark
eyes, wearing brown skirt, white
waist and a hat. The matter has
been put in the hands of the state
constabulary.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
EXCELLENT FOR HORSE FEED
Pennsylvania otntloH Finds sllaue
coed RasloM Mennonite n Char
aoter and Wholesome.

Gfiage 10 an excellent ration for
horses. economic IN character and
wholesome In use. The Pennsylyania
station gives the results OF horse reed
i'm test where silage was compared
with hay and other forage.
-Ths horse FED silags ~ q portion
Of their ration consumed less grain.
made their gains ct q Lesser cost Der
pound. were sleeker and better nm
isbed than those fed on rations not
containing Bilage."
In this test they noted that ailage
could be fed in amounts varying from
ave to twenty pounds per day. They
recommended sllage free from mold
and made from corn fairly well ma
tured. They also advised against
feeding horses large quantities OF
silage, especially after coming In from
heavy work when they are In heated
condition.
The Michigan Experiment Station
has been feeding horses for many
years on silAge and favors its use.
especially for horses not at heavy
work. In q test made some years ago
with seven teams Of work horses. one
horse of each team was fed hay and
grain, while the other received small
amounts OF hay and grain with about
fften pounds OF corn silage. These
teams were doing moderate work.
The experiment lasted twelve weeks
and the following results were noted:
The silage-fed horses showed an av-
erage gain Of ave pounds per head.
Besides the increase in body weight
the driver noted that the silage fed
horses worked fully as well and did
not appear to be any softer than those
not receiving silage. The silage-fed
horses showed q better finish and
sleeker coats.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
AMERICAN FLAG FOR
BEST SCOUT PATROL.

On the Fourth of July p. F. Schil-
ling. scout master, will award 2
large American flag to whichever
one of the boy scout patrols has ac-
cumulated the greatest number Oh
merits during the past several weeks.
There are six patrols, having mem
bership Of from 10 to IS each and
the race is close. -
Scouts are given merits for doing
good turns, being obedient, not
"cussing," and so on, according to
graded system. The great ma
iority of the Abilene council VIII
attend the camp to be held conJunc-
lively with the Junction City Scouts
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-07-03
HAS A SANE
FOURTH ORDINANCE.

Nationwide agitation for a sane
Fourth Of July, and agitation by the
state fire marshal have resulted in
the adoption OF ordinances prohfb-
iting the sale of fireworks in many
Kansas towns. Abilene adopted
such an ordinance year and a half
ago. 1t is far less drastic than the
majority of similar ordinances In
force throughout the state, and for
that reason city executives say they
will have it rigidly enforced.
The. following things are prohlpit-
ed: Firecrackers three or more IN
ches in length, blank cartridges
torpedoes, bombs, dynamite caps
and canes. Violation of the ordin-
ance renders person liable to a
fine Of from one to twenty-five dol
lars.