davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
CITY Assessment Roll OH File

Ordered by the Board that the Roll
of Assessment of Personal Property OF
the City of Grenada as assessed, certi-
fled and filed by Claud Hall, city mar
shall and tax collector of said city, be
and the same is hereby accepted and
adopted. and the recorder is hereby au-
thorized to publish notice to the citi
zens of Grenada that the said assess
ment is now on file, and that the same
will be taken up for examination, ad-
iustment and equalization. at the regu-
lar October meeting of said board.
Ordered this, the Bird day OF Septem'
her 1919. l.. B. James,
5sep4w City Recorder.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
Safest Laxative for Women

Nearly every woman needs good
laxative. DR.. Kings New Life Pills
are good because they are prompt, safe
and do not cause pain. Mrs. M. c.
Dunlap of Leadhill, Tenn. says: "Dr.
Kings New Life Pills helped her trou-
bles greatly" Get box to-day; price
25c. Recommended by End Glass Drug
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
For sale

220 acres of highly improved Missis-
sippi Delta farm, with 200 acres in high
state of cultivation, balance woodland.
Improvements consist of residence,
barn, out houses, 10 tenant houses,
fences, etc. No better land in the
delta. Located in good white COM
munity. Price Sll, 900, cash and easy
terms. For full particulars write
W. 7. Pitts, The Land Man,
l2sep4t Indianola, Miss.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
PreSSdrOye'S Ladies' Store.

R. Pressgrove has store strictly
for ladies and for misses. He carries
a stock especially suited to the ladies
and the misses. He knows how to buy
and knows how to please them in SELL
ing. He makes friends of everybody.
Read his ad in this issue which contains
some important announcements.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
Can't Afford to Have Kidney Trouble

No man with family to support can
afford to have kidney trouble, nor need
he fear it with such remedy at hand
as Foleys Kidney Pills; an honest
medicine, safe and reliable. costing lit
tie but doing much good. Foley's Kid.
ney Pills eliminate much backache and
rheumatism, tone up the system and
restore normal action of the kidneys
and bladder. At End Glass Drug Store.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
CheaD Rates 10 MempniS.

The l. C, R. R. is advertising rate
of So. 80 for round trip to Memphis next
Wednesday, Sept. "a, account Tri-State
Fair. Train leaves Grenada at a. m.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19
II Bales Glnned to Sept. |.

B. S. Elliott, agent agricultural de.
partment, reports that eleven bales OF
cotton were ginned in Grenada county
up to Sept. l.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1913-09-19

Is often caused by indigestion and con-
stipation, and quickly disappears when
Chamberlain Tablets are taken. Sold
by all dealers.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
500 WILL MEET DETROIT
FOR THE FOOTBALL TITLE
LAS WILL MEET THANKS.
GIVING DAY.

The 500 high school football team,
champions Of the uppe, peninsula, 1ni
the Detroit Central high school elcv-
en-. champions OF the lower peninsula,
viii meet az Detroit Thanksgiving day
for the championship of the sta;e.
Next Saturday Detroit will play the
Flint team M Flint. The Detroit Times
says.
], is Confidently expected that Cen
ra' VIII wallop Flint. and wallop il
hard. Flint has defeated string of
Very small schools by very big scores.
aut Il las not been put 10 any real
test, such as Central will give it.
The game with the 500" will COM
pete with the L. of D.-Ohio Northern
game III Mack park FOR the Turkey
day attendance. The 500" team has
established beyond a doubt It's right To
The title i'm the upper peninsula. The
game VIII be between the champions
90 ths TWO sections Of the state
Z, costs "a small fortune 10 bring tho
Sault ste. Marie team here. and II
was believed chat because OF that a
Chicago school would bee used There
was none available however, so the
northeruers were booked.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
MENGE A REPUBLICAN,?
p. o. Department Looking Into L'Anse
Candidates Democracy.

4 Washington dispatch says:
The postofft,e department lis en-
gagged in investigating the democracy
Of w. +. Menge. Mr. Menge is an APP
plicart Tor the L'Anse postmastership.
This department learned that he had
been carried on the records Of the
Michigan democracy tor years as the
chairman Of the county committee Of
his county. so there was disposition
20 give him the place he seeks.
Put recently a copy of the I,Anse
sentinel fell into the hands of the de-
partment. on the title rage was a
lin Of bold type which said the Senti-
mel is "A Republican newspaper de-
voted In the interests Of Baraga coun-
ty" Another line made the equally
positive statement that w. T. Menge
is the editor and manager The de-
partment seems disposed To view this
as an incongruity, when considered i'm
connection with the selection of a
Democrat for postmaster OF L'Anse.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Shot With His Own Gun

Standing on a stump that he might
gain a better view of the surrounding
country near Brampton, Richard Nor
enCy of Gladstone was seriously
wounded when the 32-calibre rifle
which he was carrying was acciden-
tally discharged. With party of
friends Morency went To Brampton on
sunday To engage in hunting deer. He
walked To stump and climbed ON top
to get good look over the country
He attempted To pun his gun after him
and in doing so it was discharged,
tearing an ugly hole through his right
thigh. Morency was hurried To a near
by farmhouse and from there "A tele-
phone message was sent to a physi-
clan i'm Gladstone. Afterwards he was
removed to the St Francis hospital i'm
Escanaba. II is not thought the wound
will prove serious.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
WILL JOIN IN UNION
THANKSGIVING SERVICE
PROGRAM ANNOUNCED FOR
PROTESTANT OBSERVANCE
NEXT THURSDAY.

The annual union THANKSGIVING
services Of the Protestant churches Of
Houghton and Hancock will take
place this year in the Houghton Pres
byterian church. The service will be
given at 1880 o'clock in the morning
OF Thanksgiving day. next Thursday.
The churches concerned are the
Houghton Presbyterian. Rev Frank
u. Knowles. pastor: Grace NJ. T.
church of Houghton, Rev. Or. j. X.
Rankin. pastor; Portage Lake Baptist
church of Hancock. Rev. DR. Betteys,
pastor; Houghton Baptist mission.
Rev. c. II. Brooks. pastor: First Meth
odist church Of Hancock. Rev Reu-
hon Crosby. pastor, and the First
congregational church of Hancock,
the latter being AT present without
n pastor
Rev, Knowles today gave ont the
program for the Thanksgiving serv-
ice:
Doxolog y.
Invocation and chant Foster)-
Rev. Knowles.
Responsive reading-Rev. Or. Bet
teys.
Gloria and creed.
Hymn.
Scripture reading-Rev. Brooks.
Anthem.
Prayer-Rev. Or. Rankin
Anthem.
Offering and prayer-Rev Or Bet
teys
Hymn
Sermon-Rev. Reuben Crosby.
Hymn.
Reediction-ReV. DR.. Rankin.
The choral part. Of the service will
he given by the PRESBYTERIAN choir
greatly augmented by members Of the
choirs Of the other churches concern
ed
The Offering taken up al the serv-
ice, as has been the custom for many
wears in the union THANKSGIVING serv-
ice Of Portage Lake. will be given Ia
the Good Will Farm.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20

HoUGHTON sREvITIEs.
!. :. :. :. :. !. :. :. :. !. :. :. :.

John Pohjala, of Demmon, Finn,
yesterday filed with the county clerk
his petition for fun naturalization. He
has been resident of the United
States since 1908.
The remains of Mrs. Annie Arthur,
OF Lake Mine, were Inferred at Forest
Hin cemetery yesterday morning. The
funeral services had been held at the
Lake on Tuesday afternoon.
The Copper Range railroad yester-
day posted at all stations notices of
the offer Of $500 reward for the ar
rest and conviction of any person
molesting trains or tracks on that
road.
The circuit court was engaged yes
terday on the consideration of chan
Gerry matters. Jury trials will not he
resumed until next Monday
The men Of the Grace NJ f.. church
will hold their annual pasty supper
in the parlors of the church this eve
ming.
John f.. Monroe, of Milwaukee, the
best known fur house representative
making the upper peninsula territory,
arrived in Houghton yesterday, the
first lap of his twenty sixth year as
salesman i'm the Cloverland district
Mr. Monroe has been selling furs to
the men and women of the copper
country for a quarter of "A century In
that time he has made many social
and business friends.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
FORESAW THE CANAL.

John Dyer the British poet, in his
poem 075O entitled THE Fleece"
predicted an interoceanic canal at the
Isthmus OF Panama as follows:
Must IL ever be thus? or may the hand
OF mighty labor drain their gusty lake
Enlarge the Frightening sky. and, peo-
ping, warm
The opening valleys and the following
plains?
or rather. shall we burst strong OAR
lens chain,
steer our bold fleets between the Glow
en- rocks,
And through the great Pacific every
JOY
a day will come.
When through new channels sailing,
We shall clothe
The California coast. and all the
realms
That stretch from Anian's straits TO
proud japan.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Citl's Founder Dead

George Runkel was the man respon-
sible for founding the city of Crystal
Falls. In 1881 Mr.. Runkel succeeded
I'm getting the Northwestern railroad
To extend its tracks from Florence To
that locality and Mr.. Runkel and his
associates purchased and plated the
original townsite built sawmill to cut
The pine logs into lumber with which
To erect the first buildings and devcl-
oped the small exploratory pits i'm the
neighborhpOd to the mine stage. Mr..
Runkel is dead. He passed from life
at salt Lake city week ago. A
short time ago he closed "A deal on
some Of his mining properties at Shoup.
Idaho, for a reported consideration Of
Sj,000,000. Mr.. Runkel was seventy
four years old, and is survived by his
wife, Eliza: sons Harry, Charles and
George. daughters Mrs. S. ID. HOLSTER
and Mrs. Julia f.. GOgswell. all of the
West.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
APPRECIATE NEW SERVICE.

Local businessmen have expressed
their appreciation over the new mail
service which permits the dispatch Of
three mails each day. This innovation
was inaugurated yesterday morning
and the first mail reached Chicago
this morning instead of tonight which
would have been the ease under the
old regulations. Hubbel merchants
are hopeful hat a similar arrangement
may be made in their district
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Suspended Sentence for Joy Riders


The November term of circuit court
at Bessemer was of short duration. The
Hurley youths, John Sullivan and Mat
thew Murphy, who ran away with Con
Geary's automobile last summer and
who were apprehended at Crosby
Mimi, with the Ironwood car i'm their
possession, pleaded guilty To a charge
of larceny. After severe lecture by
Judge Cooper, they were given their
liberty on years suspended sem
tenCe, on condition that they refrain
from the use of liquor. keep away
from saloons, do not violate any law
and make restitution to Mr.. Geary for
any damage done to the automobile
and To Gogebic county for the expense
incurred In their apprehension. at the
rate of ten dollars each a month. The
court permits the young men TO live
at their home in Hurley. which is out
side it's jurisdiction. but requires them
to report to G. f.. Houk. Gogebic coun-
~ probation officer, at stated periods
Thomas Bovich. Jessieville blind
bigger pleaded guilty To violation Of
the liquor law. and was fined 500 and
costs. The Ironwood Sunday theater
case was continued to the next term.
Most Of the cases on the civil calendar
were continued the exceptions being
Evan Johnson VS.. Montreal Mining
company, in which a verdict in favor
of the plaintiff was returned on plea
of abatement regarding the question of
residence, and Chas. G.. Peterson was
awarded a judgment of SIS against the
Chicago IL Northwestern railway for
the killing of cow.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
NOT DEAD AS REPORTED.
Frank kiepetko, We'll Known Here. IS
in Excellent Health.

\ report that Frank Klepetko, Well
known in Houghton. formerly promi-
nently identified with smelling opera
lions i'm Montana and pleasantly re-
membered by many friends had died
recently in Peru, reached Butte and
Anaconda recently, hut. happily, IL
proves to have been unfounded
The Butte Post says:
The story grew from a statement
issued by the Ancient Arabic order of
the Mystic Shrine, Mr.. Klepetko's
name appearing i'm a Inst Of that or
der's departed members. George Book
err prominent I'm Masonic circles, and
an officer of the Shrine. who was call
ed mp this afternoon by the Post at
his office IN Helena. said that the
heen misinformed and that at tina.
moment he was writing To Mr.. Klepet-
ko.
Mr. Klepetko was well known in the
metallurgical world before he came 10
Montana many years ago. He was
employed by the Poston and Montana
company To complete its smelter AZ
Great Falls and later had charge Of
the plant. Twelve or thirteen years
ago he located at Anaconda where
he superintendent the erection Of tho
Washoe smelter, operated by the An
aconda Mining company. on his re-
moval from this state he went TO Pc
ru where he was associated with
prominent Americans in the Develop
ment q n copper property at Cerro
De Pasco. In recent years he had been
operating in the Andes, it was under
stood, on his own account. Letters re-
caived from Mr.. Klepetko by Great
Falls friends not long ago indicated
ne was ENJOYING excellent health.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Houghton Department
HoueHToN HUNTERS ARE LUCKY

There seems To lac no scarcity Of
deer n the woods this fall The hum
ters are sending in daily consignments
OF big game. one of the biggest kills
made thus far this season was by the
Camp Comfort party. seven men, Paul
and Leigh swift, John Michels r. w.
Maynard and William Richards. and
Messrs. Elliott, of Negaunee and Gran,
OF lshpeming. They brought in twelve
deer for a weeks hunting.
Ralph Coon returned yesterday with
Two deer shot I'm Baragu county, ana
Louis Moilaueu with two deer shot
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
EXPENSE is NOT GREAT.
Amateur Hockey inexpensive Com.
Pared with Professional Game.


Pared with Professional Game.
The announcement that a fund Of
ELo9o Viii probably carry the Por-
taEe Lake hockey club through the
season. augmented. OF course by the
clubs share lu gate receipts. shows
chat amateur hockey is not a very ex-
uersive sport 20 conduct II the pro-
fess.onal hockey Of nearly a decade
ago We're sim i'm existence the cost
would Doe higher. as is shown by a
recent comparison between the salar-
jos Of professional hockey players and
baseball nlayerS.
ST SALARY Of 300. which he is
,epItr4 ju receive. Ty Cobb draws
s," per -.me during the season. This
cate p.r -awe is beaten by three Cam
adiau professional hockey players. all
If whom have played on Houghtou
and Calumet ice. one If them as
member q the old Portage Lake team.
These PLAYERS are Fred Taylor. Older
patr.r .NrwS.e" LaIyonde. Each Of
them receives s. 500 a year for playing
hockey and This IS az the rate Of $50
per game. for the short hockey season.
They Go nor make as much money as
Cobb ia the aggregate. bat they make
more rer game
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
THIRD CHILD is STRICKEN.
illness Which Was Fatal to Two, May
Bring Death to Another.

The h"e-year-old daughter of Mr..
den is reported dangerously i'll with
cntero-colitis, a disease which resulted
in the death OF two other children of
the family two weeks ago. a grand
mother Of the children also developed
symptoms of the malady Yesterday and
her condition is said To Ice serious.
The publication of the deaths result
ed in IN unofficial investigation by a
representative of the National Canning
company who was i'm the city this
week. \ statement that the deaths were
caused by ptomaine poison was err
roneous. though the illness was caused
lay eating canned meat.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20

County Commission Nears End OF
This Years Undertakings

Engineer Randolph Martin of the
HougAtan county road commission to-
aav expressed the opinion that the
end of his week win see the compile
ton of The work outIiaed for the pres
eut y-a by the commission. Two i'm
portaat undertakings Were included iu
the commissions program for the
year tho construction of the road he-
tween chasseu and the Raraga coun-
~ ln. east ana the completion OF tho
road between Hancock and Calumet.
The Barag5 county road included 80
dirt road between the Baraga county
line and the snake river from which
point tho highway was carried three
miles east 90 Chassell as maoaiam
ROAD This latter work viii be CONF
pleted tomorrow with the exception of
the final dressing am rollins which
Will Dee done next year.
The final section Of the Hancock
Calumet highway, n stretch Of thrs"
miles between Opie's and Rhode ISL
and. was completed during rhe past
summer The construction was tho
same as the previously completed sr'-
lions .macadam with tar bond.
The work outlined for next year i'm
cmdes three miles more of the Bara-
ga county road. connecting with thu
work already done and running
through Chassell toward Houshton.
Another important road viii boz the inn
proyemout Of the roa7 between Han
cock and Dollar Bay virtually main
street for the uninclrporated village
Of Ripley. Engineer Martin and his
assistants viii spend the winter set-
ting cut the plans and specifications
for these roads Whether or not tho
work viii be let Dos contract or done
hy force account is 50 question for fl-
ture settlement
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
FIND LtNcoLN's oVERcoAT.
Garment Worn by President on Night
of Assassination

Washington, ID. G., Nov. 2O-The
ovcrcoat that Abraham Lincoln wore
the night he was fatally shot in Ford's
theater here nearly fifty years ago has
come To light ana is now i'm The pos
session of John NJ. Kirby of this city
He also has obtained possession of a
suit Of clothes that was worn ~ Tie
martyred President.
the clothing is in good state ar pres
crvation. one shoulder Of the over
coat. however, has been torn, evident
~ by "A souvenir hunter some years
ago. The clothing shows the huge size
Of Lincoln, as an ordinary man would
be lost i'm the garments
Immediately after the death of Lin.
coin the clothes were lent to AN artist,
who wished 10 paint a portrai If the
president. Later they were used hy a
sculptress, who made the statue vhlrp
now stands in Statuary hall in the cap
itOl.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
AGED RESIDENT sUcCuMes.
Mrs. Peter Lestase, Aged rs, Succumbs
az Lake Linden Today.

The death of Mrs. Peter Lestage. a
resident of Lake Linden for the past
forty years, occurred this morning at
the family residence at Calumet and
Maple streets, Death was due To a
complication # diseases. 4 husband
and ore brother Syriac Lanctot of
Lake Linden. survive.
The deceased was born i'm Canada -
Years ago and emigrated 10 the copper
country with her family. The husband
passed away many years ago and she
remarked Funeral services will be
conducted Saturday morning from St
Joseph's church, Rev. ~ J. Raymond
ofiiciating. lnterment will he in Mount
Calvary.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Lake Linden
LADIES' AID TO MEET.
Tamarack M. (. Church Organization
Convenes This Afternoon.

The Ladies' Aid of the Tamaack M.
with Mrs Anna Capped at Mills. The
following Riley program has been pre-
pared:
Instrumental duet-Mrs. VIM. Evans
and Mrs. VIM. Estenberg.
Roll call with quotations from Riley.
Vocal solo-Mrs. John Barkell
Reading-"When Riley Reached Six
~ rouI-Mrs. Henry Amessc.
Vocal solo-"A Dream'-Mrs. VIM.
EstenberE.
Vocal solo-"There, Little Girl Don't
CRY" Rilcy-Miss Ida Rose
Selected readings from James Whit
comb Riley Mrs. Harry Dunstone.
Piano solo-flelen Dunstone.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
NEW HuRoNToWN SCHOOL

with the arrival Of the delayed ma =
terial for the heating plant of the HUI
rontown school this week It is ex-
pected that the building can be com
pleted and ready for occupancy early
next week. Herman Gundlach. gener-
al contractor completed his work some
time ago. but the Sturtevant COM
pany Of Boston. contractors for the
heating and ventilating, were delayed
somewhat by a strike in their works
at Boston, Mass. early i'm the summer.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Plays With the Agsies-

Charles Smith of Newberry, who is
attending the Michigan Agricultural
football team this season and partici-
pated i'm the game with South Dakota,
"A rather unusual distinction To be con-
ferred upon a first year man. Smith
played quarterback on the Newberry
high school team two years ago and
was acknowledged at the time Ia be
one of the fastest players ever dcvel-
oped i'm high school athletics.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Hunted Without a License

Albert Brown, lower Michigan
hunter, hailing from Harrietta. WeX-
ford county, was arraigned In Justice
Teeple's court at Manistique. charged
with hunting for birds without "A Ii
cense. The complainant was Game
Warden Gunan. Brown pleaded guilty,
and was given the alternative of n
$25 fine or thirty days in Jail. He paid
the money.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
APPLY FOR NATURALIZATION

County Clerk Kaiser today post
ed the naturalization petition of JOS
eph Fansone of Laurium and EnricO
Faddeucci of Osceola. Both men are
natives Of Italy, the first named ar
irving in the United States in 1903 and
the latter i'm 1905.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
LEAGUE HAS BRIGHT PROSPECT
New Bowling Circuit Brings Out Pin
Enthusiasts of Torch Lake.

TIE Commercial bowling league
which sprung into existence this week
has bright prospect in its future. nc.
cording 10 the interest which is al
ready manifest by the members and
fans The first games were rolled
Tuesday night and number Of excel
lent scores were rolled. The teams win
meet again Tuesday evening of next
week
The Lakes Laurium team in the
Torch Lake-Calumet league. that was
scheduled for last night on the Ket-
tenheil alloys, was postponed owing to
counter attractions.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Graphite Ore Shipped

The first carload of graphite ore To
be shipped from Baraga county this
fall has been forwarded 10 the Detroit
Graphite company. Twenty-one ears,
or about l,200 tons have been mined
during the year, and as soon as good
slcighing is assured the hauling of ore
from me pit TO Taylor switch will be
commenced and continued until the
bins az the switch are fun. ID. H. Me-
nard is in charge of The operations
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
Narrowly Escaped Serious Injury

In an accident last week, County
Road Commissioner Peter Newman Of
Baraea county had narrow escape
from losing his eyeslght and being
bodily Injured lie was digging a well
on his farm at Skanee and had placed
in the well three charges Of dynamite.
Two charges exploded properly. and
when he went To examine the third. It
!gnlted. binding him for twenty four
hours and badly Earring him.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-11-20
MAxON STILL IN ARENA.

Dummy MaXon, a former 500 prize
fighter who Is well known by local
fight fans. ia sim i'm the ring. accord
ing to advices from Toronto where he
is scheduled 10 appear in a middle
weight bout this week MaXon appear
ed i'm Lake Linden five years ago in "A
hout with Art Allard who later came
into prominence in the west. MaXon
lost 10 Al!ard via the knockout route.