The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-08-31

potent force OF which We have knowl-
edge. Tell me that it is law that
! makes men honest! For one man
mas1e honest by law a hundred are made
) honest by conscfence.
I now come to the third proposition.
namely: that the worlds advance In
the science OF government Is as great
as it's advance In education and IN
morals: and 1t would be TRANCE II with
a larger intelligence there were not
better understanding Of the theory of
government, and ii would be mortify-
ing to us IL, with better understand
ing of government, there were not
larger faith in the principles OF popu-
lar government. And 1t would be
strange. too. IL. with growing con-
ception of brotherhood, there were
not a clearer Hecognition OF the rights
of man.
century ago jefferson said that
there were Just two parties in every
country and that wherever speech was
free these two parties would manifest
themselves. He described them. not
by party names, but by words that
permanently symbol the opposing
spirit that animate parties. one he
described RS an Aristicratic party
that would natural draw to itself
those who do not believe in the people
and who do not trust them, and the
other as a Democratic party that
would naturally draw to itself those
who do believe in the people and do
trust them jefferson, with that wis
dom that put him IN a class by him-
self among the statesmen. thus drew
the only line that can be drawn al
ways and everywhere through society
the line that sc parates the man who is
at heart democrat from the man who
Is at heart an aristocrat. He under
stood. as every statesman has whose
name has SURVIVED his generation,
that these two parties are in constant
conflict. the party democrat in spirit
trying to bring the government nearer
to the people, the party aristocrat In
spirit endeavoring to obstruct every
step toward popular government.
With a century of history to support
the proposition I affirm that the party
of the people is the growing party
everywhere, and that the party OF the
aristocracy Ia the dying party the
world around.
:, II time permitted Illustrations could
be drawn from every land, hut shall
only ask your attention to five and
those relate to victories won for popu~
lar government within the last ten
years.
First. we have Russia; after infinite
suffering and sacrifice her people at
least secured Douma, The first and
second Doumas were dissolved, ana
suffrage was withdrawn from more
than nine million voters in an effort
to secure a conservative Legislative
body But even the third Douma re-
fused to write the word "autocrat
after the name of the ear and Its
first important measure provided that
there should be schools enough for
all the children In Russia.
Within seven years Persia has Sc
cured a constitution, and during that
period Turkey has secured both a
constitution and representative
body.
Within ten years the Dowager En-
ress of China began TO lay the founda-
tons of constitutions monarchy but
the government did not go fast enough
, for the people and we have seen four
hundred million Chinese driving the
, Manchu rulers from the throne and
organizing a republic. a republic whose
, chief executive. taking a title like that
: of our own, is called the president of
, the United States OF China.
But 1t is not among the backward
nations alone that Democracy has won
| victories. The people have won two
great victories in Great Britain in
three years The first was in the
matter of taxation. The voters, speak
! Ing through the house of commons,
: compelled the house OF lords to con-
: sen. ~ uuuset 1iie,' , appIppi a
paIt ~ lhe inca neu ~ ..
: me iaholoios anu ,''en Tue nonoe ".
eoI,lhos's cna ilenseu 'ie nus"
, ioros OF Ihor'ai conoat Oh one oi .i.e
most Ihhoapleh'at soser,.ii,el!t -. pipp
osi'lohs' ha,neiS' ina. neI.alteI 'ie
people shouia SPEAK, ho' hrousn az
hereditary body, but only through
,nose Whoih they eIec,eu 70 po"ei'
men tne peers resisted 'he ,ne"sua g c
.ne kIhs l'S'enea 70 me peop'. > pc"
ana forceo inc rouse or ierns 70 on
sent 10 tne anfidsment' OF i's po"ers
demanded ny me voters ana hekeal,e.
that oody cannot TOT . longer period
IMAM TWO years opstruct measure
lhat mas passed the mouse OF con-
mons Anu "hen the mouse OF io'us
OF Great Britain, the mos' ancient anu
INDUSTRIOUS OF aii the nereai'ary ooa'es
on the earth bowed before the on
sweeping tdo OF democracy that fo'ls
around the Worid--tnen came the pc
ginning or the END or neredltary ruie'
rms Is wnat the word mas peeh 40,
ing OuIElde or the On1Ieu States, anu