davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-07-24

Dairy Commissioner Flint ordered
375 gallons of cream dumped at the
Hebron creamery. The cream had
been shipped there by buyer nam
ed George Knock, the same fellow
who was arrested recently for under
reading the Babcock test. The cream
was in the last stage of decay and
smelled to heaven.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-07-24

A raid was made on two blind pigs
at Sherwood Friday and considerable
amber fluid was spilled in the streets.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-07-24
STATE NEWS

Jos. Fleck, Mandan farmer, was
fined $40 for refusing to send his ID
year-old daughter to school.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-07-24
Minot, Monday, July 2sth.

The Times declares that ! blind pie
exists within block Of the Presby-
togian church q Bismarck.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1913-07-24

The House of Baldwin is Represented
in Minot by
7. ]. McGovern,
Piano and Manualo Player Pianos
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
NuNERAL0L00lsT CONFIDENT
OIL LIES UNDER THE
CHlCOSA VALLEY

William II. Drummct. mineralol-
gist and oil specialist OF Houston.
Texas. In a letter to the Chicosa val
ley oil and gas company. states that
after u careful examination and geo.
logical survey OF the company's hold
ings In the Chicosa valley that he
found the various indications that
characterize an oil field in this Sec
tion OF the state. He reports that
the general contour OF the land suit
able to the accumulation OF oil and
that from the examination he Is
thoroughly satisfied that there Is a
part OF an oil field OF large proper
tions that with the proper location
OF the wells and careful management
will yield large returns.
The Chicosa Valley Oil and Gas
company was organized and incor-
poratcd by well known residents OF
the city and county. Among the Of
Ulcers and directors are DIR. II. c. Lee,
J. n. John, g. F. Harlan, W. p. Dun
lavy. a. !. Lindsay and W. E. Grish-
am. 1
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
HIS UNDERSTANDING OF IT

Ollie James tells OF the time when
he was driving through a hilly Sec
tion OF his naticc state. partly for
pleasure and partly on business con-
nected with his political hopes. He
came to a farm house where there
was nice looking well and windmill
and he pulled In and asked the far
mer II he might have a drink.
"Ah'm sorry. sah." said the far
mer. "Ah'd suttinly like to 'comadate
you. but cyant. Ell you all'll Just
drap into Jones place. bout a mile
further on. maybe you can get some
thin.
But l thought I noticed a fine
well here on your place." said the
Senator from Kentucky.
why that's water, / didn't know
you wanted water; thought you
asked for a drink. You sure can
have all the water you want"
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
EDITORS ARRESTED.

Seattle. WASH. June 1S-rour ed
tors were arrested yesterday on Sc
cret indictments returned last night
by a special grand Jury. Colonel
Alden J. Blethen. editor Of the Sc
attle Times and his son. Clarence u.
Blcthen. managing editor. are charg-
ed with having crimnaliy. llbelleti
Joseph Jarvis. n Socialist ngitator by
printing an article alaging that he
had absconded with party funds.
Leroy Sanders. editor OF the Sc
attic Star and Edward Clayson. ST..
editor OF the Patriarch. q weekly pa
per also were arrested.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
500 REALIZED FOR l.s
't THE 0LAHI FAMILY
AT BASEBALL BENEFIT

Tho sum OF 800 was realized for
the family Of the late Myrtle Claim
by the benefit base ball game be-
tween city and county league teams
played at Central park on June ..
Tho receipts Of this Eame were cut
down somewhat by the had weather.
but tho amuont raised was turned
over to the family by the committee
from tho Power company that had
made arrangements for tho benefit.
The game was originally sctfor Deco
ration day. but postponed until June
on account OF rain.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
SOCIAL DISTINCTION

Washington clubman was escort
Ing friend from the West through.
the social whtrl OF the national capi-
tai.
Who" asked the westerner, indi-
eating a big, good-looking fellow at
one ofe the clubs. "is that distin-
guished person?"
That" replied the Washingtonian
In the gravest Of tones. 'is Louis the
Fourteenth"
Don't be absurd" exclaimed the
friend. What do you mean?"
well, his name is Louis, and h .
Is always invited when. without him,
there would be IS at ble."-New
York Post,
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
BIG DAN ON CUCHARA
Is NEARING COMPLETION.

The old Chucharas dam located j
miles east OF tho station Of Apache ON
the cucharnx river Is now being
completed by Ralph e. Smith OF the
contracting firm OF Smith and Nc
Dowcli OF Pueblo. The first work
on the dam was done some three
years ago. The project IL financed
by the Pucbio-l,ocky Ford Irrigation
company. The dam is i.5 feet high
and 500 feet long and built OF rock
faced with concrete and Contractor
Smith has been at work since April
I5. and has the work comictcd to the
20 foot level. WhrI completed the
storage water will be used to irri-
gate about 10000 acres OF land near
Pueblo. Mr.. Smith was In Trinidad
today looking FOR additional men to
work on the dam.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
Single and Married
Men of Po,uer Co.
to Cross Bats

For long scientists an physcolo.
gists have debated the question OF
whether or not marriage impaired
the activities or effected the bat
ting average Of the married man
who seeks to win laurels In the ma
tionai game. II IL with the view of
establiafinx or floutinK these theOr-
les that \ bail game has been arrang-
ed between the single men md the
married men employed by the Trim
dad Electric Transmission. Railway
and Gas company. The game Is TO
be played aSturday afternoon at ::3o
1T Central park.
There is keen rivalry between
those employees upon whom Cupid
has smiled and those who tread the
lonely path OF single biessedness. In
square deal Miss Helen Kelly aud
Mrs. ". ". Fenner ahve been select
ed to umpire and they will be pro-
vided with long hatLins 10 rcpulse
amy concerted attack that may be
made over questionable decisions. In
fact any 'horrid man" who even In
Inmates that = decision IL rotten"
Will be reported to the general man
nKer. +. r. Wood. and tho offender
may be d0ckcd q nominal sum In the
ray envelope.
Henry Wilby. who was once tried
OUT by the Chicago white Sox. will
be- on the slab for the single men.
Willy has good control and may be
able to get one out every fifteen
balls over tho base. Louis Deexs
will do the receiving. TwoKood will
live up to his name on the mound
for the married men and Reed will
take chance breaking his fingers
behind the bat. Woodbridge who is
slated to cover first base. hns al
ready made reQuisition for an Ostcr-
moor mattress and quantity Of mo-
iaxscs. Manager Wood has signed
q contract to play second with the
privilege OF stopping one OF six that
comes his way.
The game will be played under the
rules adopted by the Society for the
Prevention OF Cruelty to Husbands.
All company employees and their
wives and ladies Will be transported
free to tho park aud no one will be
allowed to throw pop bottles nt the
players without n permit from, tho
superintendent. II IL to he q gen.
ilcmanly contest between friends. .
contest that will be worth seeing.
The lineup OF the teams will be as
follows
Single Men - Decsx. catcher:
Wilby. picher: Howard. frs,
base: Mansbach. second base:
Price. third base: Deter. sohrt
stop: Edwards. Roper. Hewitt. Floyd
sud Hallcr In the field.
The Married men-Rced, catcher:
TwoEood. pitcher: Woodbridge. first
bssc: Wood. second base: Fenner.
third base: Nasoa. shortstop: field
ers. wiGhtman. Ralph. Kirch. MIL
Ter. Smith. brown and Hamilton.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
CONCERNS TO CONSOLIDATE

fhoen1x, Arlz., June 18.-The
state corporation commission has
granted permission to the FL Paso
and Southwestern railroad company
to consolidate the six companies
comprising the system which con-
trolls 45S miles OF road in the Ari-
zona and 440 miles In New Mexico.
The move 1t is understood. is pre-.
liminary to executing the plan to
issue bonds for the extension OF the
line from Tucson to Phoenix.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
the LATEST FASHION NOTE

Says: "It 10 wise precaution against getting
holes In delicate hosiery to powder the shoes
before putting them on" Many people sprinkle
the famous antiscptIc powder, Aliens Foot Easc,
Into the shoes, and hnd that II saves its cost ton
times over In keeping holes from hosiery AZ well
as isrscning friction aud consequent sinsrting
aud aching Of the feet
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
HOW HE KNEW

Johnny, who was the first man,
asked the teacher. George WASH
ington.' replied Johnny. "Why do
youthink he was the first MANI"
"Because he was first in war, first
in peace, and first in the hearts Of
his countrymen. mo, he wasn't the
first man." corrected Robert. at
says in my history that Washington
married n widow, SO there must have
been another fellow ahead OF him."
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
WILSON TO READ
MESSAGE MONDAY

Washington. Juno Is.-President
Wilson now plans to read his cur
rency message to congress next Mon
day and the Owen.GlaM bill carry
Ing the administration'a ideas on
currency reform will be introduced
soon thereafter. By postpouinE the
presentation OF the bill . few days
tho president hopes to secure abso-
lutte harmony. During the next few
days members OF the banking and
currency committees Of both houses
will have an opportunity to see tho
bill and he consulted by the presi-
dent. The president today took oc-
casion specifically to deny that Sec
rotary Bryan had interjected . note
Of opposition to the currency bill.
Mr.. Wilson declared there was NO
Disagreement In tho cabinet and not
"A shred Of truth" In any OF the re-
ports OF friction elsewhere.
Chairman Glass OF the house cur.
rcncy committee, however, was not
sure that the bill would be intro
duced next week. He seemed to re-.
gard II as subject to indefinite de-
lay" and It was indicated that the
delay had been caused by the con-
fcrences at the white house last
night.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
FIRE INSURANCE MEN MEET

New York. Juno l9.-Representa
tives Of sixty OF the llS fire insur-
ance companies doing business In
this afternoon to discuss the Tcxas
insurance situation p6ssibly with a
view to Withdrawing In the face of
legislation which they consider In
imial.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19

LYDIA +. PinkhAm's
Retsble Com.
pound has done foe
me. ] was weak.
nervous. and cared
for nothin & but
sleep. Now ] can
20 shaad with my
work daily and feel
ten ysess younger
than before ] started
taking your meH.
cine. j will advise
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
CITY LEAGUE MEETING
CALLED FOR FRIDAY

There will be n meeting OF
the Trinidad City League at
the Chamber OF Commerce
rooms Friday night. June 90.
Al this meeting u number OF
important matters are to be
taken up and II IL urged that
there be u full attendance.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19

Printing OF every description neat
ly and quickly executed ut tn.
Chronicle News Job rooms. Samples
and quotations on request. Use tho
telepiOne. Trinidad 40. II
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19

In the whole field Of medicine
there is not n healing remedy that
will repair damage to the flesh more
quickly than BALLARD'S SNOW
LIN1MENT. In cuts. wounds,
sprains, burns. scalds and rheuma-
tism. its healing and penetrating
power Is extraordinary. Price 25c,
soc and S1.OO per bottle. Sold by
HauBman Drug Co.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19

any woman 70 consult with you before
going 70 . doctor. "-Ars. lNIiE VII.
LIE, 222S Bank St. Louisville. Ky.
Another Sufferer Relieved.
Romayos. Tsxas. suffered tsrsi.
bly, with . displacement and bladder
troubie. was In misery oil the tins
and could not walk any distance. I
thought never could be cured. but my
mother advised me TO Try Lydia Z. Pink
hams Vegetable Compound and did.
81 Am cured Of the displacement and
The bladder trouble 10 relieved ! think
the Compound 10 the hnest nedicins On
Garth for suffering women" Ars.
VIOLA JASPER, Romayor. Tsxsa.
II yss vast special savlee write 70
Lydia e. PiskAan Ae1leise C. teoa0.
6estiaD Lyns, Aass. Yssr letter will
~ opess6, resA asd answered by .
Wsaaa a.A hslA In strict esalAsaeA
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
WOMAN FEELS
10 YEARS
YOUNGER
Since Lydia E. Pinkh.m's
Vegetable Compound Re-
stored Her HealA.

Louisville. Ky.-"I take great vasas.
urv IL writing 70 inform you Of what
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
American Association.

At Toledo: Toledo I: inncapo.is 4.
Al Columbus: Columbus $: Kan
sas 2.
At Indiannpoii: indianapolis g.:
Milwaukee 10.
At Louisville: Louisville .: 81
Paul 1-13 innings.
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19

Bvatterie<: wi;iett. Hall and Stan.
age. Rondeau: Collins and Carrigan
The chronicle=news., 1913-06-19
BASEBALL YESTERDAY

Western League:
Al Omaha X. II. T..
Omaha -. -. go. y 10 !
Lincoln -. -. -. .. ; g ]
Batteries: Applcxnte and Johnson:
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
CLEE CLUB LEAVES ON TRIP
Singers Departed This Afternoon for
Longest Tour That Has Yet
Been Attempted.

The university Glec club left today
over the y. =. for the first engage
ment Of their annual tour at Crooks
ton. The itinerary Of the trip is as
follows: C%rookston. Fargo. Cassel-
ton. Valley City. Darlington. yelva.
Minot, Towner. Rugby and Cando.
This makes a trip OF about 500 miles,
one Of the longest trips undertaken
by the Glee club.
The personnel Of the club is as
follows: Director, ". w. Norton; pi-
anist, Don Prosser: cellist. Max Tracy;
first tenors. a. Flaten. Oscar Preblc,
John Mcknight and Flint; second ten
ors. Oscar Baarson. F. Stevenson, w.
T. Quirke: first BASES, Will
Bacon. S. c. Anderson. Lawrence An
derson and Fred Dubois; second bases,
Stanley Kneeshaw. Herman Wolff,
Hume Bacon and John Moore.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
BEGIN SPRING
SEEDING WORK
Farmers Getting Early Start
Expect Rapid Advance
ment of Operations.

Farmers in the valley are commenc-
ing spring operations. Reports from
the southern counties indicate that
the fields are already being worked.
This is a record start. From Fargo
to Grand Forks no work will be done
on the fields for a week due TO the
excessive surface moisture. As 500
as this disappears the fields will be
in fine shape.
More moisture than in previous
years is in evidence due TO the heavy
rains of last fall. Farmers are elat-
ed over prospects for a good year.
More corn thar ever will be the
slogan of the valley farmer this year.
The efforts OF the BETTER Farming
movement is said to have had a very
noticeable effect on the planning of
the years crop planting. Conscrva.
ton OF the nutritive elements of the
soil is a subject that has been much
discussed at farmer institutes and
gatherings this past winter. The re-
suit of this will be an added percent
OF farmers who rotate and diver
sify their crops.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03

"Tenting on the Old Camp Ground
quartet.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
University News
PROGRAM FOR THE YEAR
cd Splendid Series Of Meetings
I Close Season.

The last meeting of the Adelphi
Literary society before tbs annual
spring vacation Was held at the uni
versity last evening. The main part
OF the meeting was spent in arranging
the program for the remainder Of this
year. In two weeks the tryouts tor
the Gansl debate Will be held and
every young lady in the society will
De expected to participate. AT that
time Miss Irene COX will favor the So
ciety with a vocal solo.
The program for Wednesday even
ing. April 80. will be as follows:
Baritone Solo-Lawrence Anderson.
Speeches by girls Of the debating
team.
Speeches by Sherman Pinkhan,
Samuel Halpern and Herbert Miles.
Humorous readings by Oscar Baar-
Male Quartet Selected
Oscar Barson. Max Taubert, Law
renee Anderson. c. Anderson.
May II h program will be on
Great American Writer'S"
Riley-Miss Ruth Werner.
Poe-Thomas Whelan.
Piano Solo-Douelass Steele.
Eeading-Miss Gertrude Cunning.
ham.
Dunbar-Miss Ethel Halcrow.
Vocal Solo-Miss Irene Cox.
The last meeting Of h year will be
held on May &c and a Memorial
Day" program will be given.
Star Spangled Banner-Society.
Comparative Study Of Lee and
Grant"-Miss Winnie Robertson.
THE Blue and the Gray"-Miss
Dorothy Won Donat.
Lincoln from Present Day View
point"-Robert Scarf.
Gettysburg Address"-Max Tau
bert.
"Tentins on the Old Camp Ground"
Male quartet.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03

tional rivers and harbors congress,
and has made a special study of the
nations waterways. said that. while
he was of the opinion that no human
agency could have controlled condi-
tons that brought about the floods
in Ohio and Indiana, or will be able
to control such disasters in the future.
a great deal a be done to prevent
floods of a less yer nature.
1T was an act of Providence" said
the Louisiana senator. Reservoirs
and dams would have served no good
reservoirs added to the total Of dam
age to life and property"
Danger Turks in Reservoirs.
Prof. Willis Moore. chief of ths
weather bureau, said that it might be
practicable to restrain the flood wa
tiers through the reservoir system. but
that In storing up the waters the OBJ
portuntty for disaster Is always pres
ent. In the case of abnormal pre-.
cipitation. like the condensation Of a
solid loot Of water where there are
whole string Is likely to give way
before the enormous pressure. Flood
waters. he said. could be thus stored
and power obtained, but experience
showed that the danger usually came
from this method of storing the sur
plus water.
Again. he pointed out, the streams
could be controlled through the con-
struction of levees. but there is no
opportunity for the use of the water
through that method for purposes of
power. The system. however, he said.
has the advantage Of reducing the
danger to life and property to the
minimum.
Prof. Moore denounces the claims
of certain scientists that reforestation
will prevent damaging floods as ridic-
ulous. Gold facts and figures" said
he. prove the contrary. Some of our
greatest floods comes from forest-cov-
cred areas. The whole problem is a
complex one that should be carefully
considered from all its angles"
Prof. Moore is engaged in an ex.
haustive treatment Of this subject.
now SO acute. 1t will be published in
the form Of q magazine article.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
MUST e MoNoroNY.

washington, April 2.-The naval
authorities have recognized the fact to
insure contentment among enlisted
men it will be necessary to break in
the deadly routine of hard drills and
so under the program planned by
variety and attractiveness about tho
life of the sailors on Atlantic during
the present year and hereafter. One
of the most important changes is the
provision for mediterranean cruises.
alternating with the regular drill
cruises in the West Indies. The en-
listed me- as we'll as the officers will
be given thirty days leave each year;
much Of the summer drill work will
take place in the neighborhood of the
attractive coast of southern New Eng
land and the personnel will know al
most a year in advance the itinerary
OF their ship.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
WIFE KILLS HER HUSBAND.
Fatal Shooting at LeOla. S. D.. Result
of Family Quarrel.

Aberdeen. s. D., April 2.-As the re-
suit Of a family quarrel, lasting for
many years. Mrs. George Griffin OF
Leola, s. D.. Monday shot and killed
her husband. Immediately afterward
she gave herself up to the authorities.
1t is alleged that each one had threat.
ened to kill the other on several occa-
sions. The coroner's jury returned a
verdict that Griffin came to his death
at the hands Of his wife. and she was
preliminary hearing on q charge Of
first degree murder.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
East Grand Forks
SUPT. Il. {. WOLFE RETURNS
Has Spent Several Days Visiting vari-
OILS Schools of State-Spokc at
MOOrhead Normal.

Supt.. H. E. Wolfe of the local
schools returned last night from
Moorhead. Mimi, where yesterday
morning he addressed the students OF
the normal school. His subject was
Service as the Keynote in Modern
Democracy" and the address was we'll
received by the students.
Mr.. Wolfe has spent the past week
visiting various educational institu-
tons in the state. and comforting with
q number of applicants for local
teaching positions. The latter part Of
last week. he attended the annual
conference Of state superintendent in
St. Pau. He spent Sunday with his
parents at Kellogg, Mimi,
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
\ Card.

This IL to certify that all druggists
are authorized to refund Your money
II Foley's Honey and Tar Compound
fails to cure your cough or cold. John
Bernet. Tell, Wis. states: Il used Fo-
ley's Honey and Tar Compound for
five years. and 1t always gives the best
Of satisfaction and always cures a
cough or cold" Refuse substitutes.
McGraths Pharmacy.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
LOCAL OPTION, WAS ISsryE.

Denver. Colo. April 2.-Prohibiuon
and local option were issues in most
Of the many elections held in Colora-
do towns yesterday when local tick
ments voted upon. Returns received
carly today from practically all of
the towns in which elections were
held indicate that the anti prohibit
.tionists were victorious in q big por-
ton Of the places.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03

that IN wild's parauct InIsld Linoleum
the colors go through to the back? The
patterns are inlaid. They can't wear
off. This flooring looks like hard
wood: tx better. yet costs less. II is
sanitary. noiselcss. and never needs re-
finishing. Ask your dealer. The "Wild'k
Linolcum' trade mark on the back is
your gsrantce.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
Future Programs Planned.

A meeting of the program commit
tee Of the Adelphi Literary society Of
the university was held last evening
and n schedule for the Mex few meet
ings was arranged. The tryouts for
the Gansl debate will he held on April
1s. Each contestant will be allowed
five minutes for speeches and three
minutes for rebuttal.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
SUSPENDED

Leonard Mooney of Grand Forks
was arraigned in municipal court be-
fore Judge Vim. J. Rasmussen this
morning IN a charge of d~isorderly
conduct. He was fined SIS and costs,
or in defa ult sentenced to serve thirty
days in h county jail. Sentence was
suspended or the grounds that he re-
main in Grand Forks.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03

There is no ease on record OF a
cough. cold or lagrippe developing in
to bronchitis. pneumonia or consump-
ton after Foley's Honey and Tar Com
pound has been taken. The genuine
is in a yellow package. Refuse sub
stitutes. McCraths Pharmacy.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03

Don Mcdonald Of the First ward,
Herman Luck Of the Third ward. DR..
A. A. Western Of the Fourth ward and
P. o .Thoreson Of the Seventh ward
have filed their petitions for re-elec-
tons to the school board with City
Auditor Charles Evanson. The cleo
ton will take plac. on April 20.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
II Ia Tine.

Yes. It Is true that you can have TWO
lnll course tickets. each good for four
admissions. 10 tho Minneapolis SYM
phony orchestra concerts and one year
advance paid subscription TO either the
Evening Times n Morning Herald for
$3.50. Send to The Times-Iierald Of
flee.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-04-03
To Relics.

The Veterans and Sons OF Veterans
will hold a meeting Saturday evening
in the odd Fellows hall t O make plans
for an exhibit Of old way relics the lat
ter part Of the month. a number OF
the members Of the organizations have
relics and an interesting exhibit is be-
ing planned. A memorial service for
Decoration day is aso being PANIED.