davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-06-20
HOW To MAINTAIN
EARTH ROADS TOLD
BY FEDERAL OFFICE
Side bitches Necessary to Drain
Surface Water from Crown
OF Highways.
LOG DRAG FOR sMOOTHNEss
Department of Agriculture Says
Farmers Should Own and Use
Drag On Reads.

UFrom the Public Roads Office. United
! If you look at the ordinary country
road after shower you will see small
puddles along the wheel ruts and some.
times larger pools. This water stays
on the road surface because it cannot
drain away into the side bitches. /
you look closely you will see side
bitches which have grown up with
| bushes and weeds in many cases, ana
which are so far from the Travelled
| part of the road that the rain water
! does not drain into them.
! That part of the roadway where the
wagons travel is called the travelled
way. To prevent water from stand
/ ing on the Travelled way the road
should be raised in the center and
should slope gently into broad shat
crown. If it is 10 feet from the center
If the road to the side ditch, the sur
face at the side ditch should be at least
10 inches lower than it is at the center
! where the horses travel. The road
! ihen has a 10inch crown.
| The rain that falls on road prop
erly crowned will run quickly to the
side and not soak into the surface or
form pools. The side bitches for sur
face water should run parallel to the
right of way, and should be open at
every low point so that the water can
run out of them into neighboring
brooks or streams If the bitches
merely collect the water from the road
surface and it cannot run away, large
pools will be formed along the road
side, which will gradually soak into
the soil beneath the road and make it
so soft that the wheels of wagons will
cut through the road surface and soon
destroy it.
Sometimes water runs from land
along the road into the road and forms
a little stream down the wheel tracks
or in the middle where the horses
yards are built across the side bitches
they frequently form channels for wa
ter from the farm yard to run into the
road. The pipes under driveways be-
come filed with leaves or rubbish and
the water can no longer run away. If
the driveways that stop the ditch wa
ter were rebuilt so that no pipes were
necessary and the ditch could be left
open, much trouble from surface wa
ter would be stopped.
Sometimes a road runs across low
ground or through a swamp where the
road cannot be drained by side bitches
alone. If the road were built higher
like a railroad embankment across
such low land and made with crown,
it would be dry and hard. Sometimes |
a road passes through what is called |
cut. The water which always flows !
under the ground on hillsides is |
known as ground water. In road cuts |
such water sometimes makes the road !
very muddy, and the road then needs
what road builders call underdrain |
age.
A good kind of undertakings is q
trench to go along under the side
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-06-20

Grain and about three feet deep AID a
loot ana hair wide. In this trench
pipe is laid near the bottom and coy
cred with loose stones no bigger than
an egg. When the trench is complete
ly filled with loose stones the ground
water, instead of soaking into tn
"o2dway, will stop among the stones
and flow down the hill through the
pipe.
To keep a road smooth and crowned
the best method is to drag il with a
road drag. A road drag is made cas-
lily with two halves of a log which
has been split. The log should be
about six or eight inches in thickness
and about six or eight feet long. The
Two halves of the log are set three feet
apart with the smooth faces forward
and upright. They are then fastened
together with braces set in holes bored
through the log. A pair of horses may
he used to drag the road and are
hitched to chain fastened to the
- half of the log.
The road drag should move forward
so that it slants across the road in
such way that a small amount Of
earth will slide past the smooth face
of the log toward the center of the
road, thus forming the crown. The
edges of the logs will smooth out the
ruts. The best way to drag is TO begin
at the side ditch and go up one side Of
the road, and then down the other.
In the next trip the drag should be
started little nearer the center and
the last trip over the road the drag
may work close to the center itself.
Small ridges of earth will be thrown
IN the horse track and smeared by the
round side of the log smoothly over
the road. The smearing of the earth
by the drag is called pudding" and
it tends to make the surface of the
road smooth and water tight after the
sun comes out. The road is always
dragged after it has rained and not
when it is dry. A good. strong pair OF
horses with well built drag can drag
about three or four miles of road in a
day, and it is the best way to main
ain good roads. In every county
some farmer along each four miles Of
road should own a drag and drag the
road when it rains, ard he would al.
ways find the road in good condition
when he goes to market.
Owing to the fact that many rural
schools were closed at the time when
the prize maintenance essay was an
nounced by Director Logan Waller
Page of the Office of public roads, it
has been decided to extend the limit
for receiving the essays to October IS,
1913. In addition to the gold medal
given as first prize, two silver medals
will be given as second and third
prizes. If child who has submitted
one essay previous to the issue of this
notice should care to try again, he is
at liberty to do so, but he must be a
pupil of rural school. There is some
misunderstanding in regard to the sub
ject of the essay The idea is to set
the children thinking how to better
their earth roads with the material
hey have at hand.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-06-20
:: :. :. :. !. !. :. :. :. :. :. :. :.
THE FOURTH OF JULY
SO YEARS AGO.


: THE FOURTH OF JULY !:
: so YEARS AGO. ::
:. !:
: Fifty years ago, in the midst !:
:. of the Civil war, the commem- !.
!. Grafton of the Fourth of July !:
:. meant just as much-perhaps !:
= more-to the then residents of ::
!. Olympia as it does to those of ::
= today, though the means at !:
:. their command to honor the ma =
:. tons birthday were far more =
= meager. =
= How did they celebrate? =
:. What did they do? Were there =
:. parades and fireworks and car =
:. nival features? No, but here is =
:. what they did, very simple =
: program: =
!: l. Continental salute of 10 :.
: guns at sunrise. =
:. 2. Reading of the Declare :.
: ton of independence TO the as -
:. semblage. :.
:. 8. National salute of "a :
:. guns at meridian. :.
:. 4. Picnic dinner =
: This announcement of the =
:. plans for the national holiday =
:. appeared in THE WASHINGTON :.
!. STANDARD for June 20, 1863, =
:. Vol III, No. 80. The program =
:. was prepared by committee :.
:. consisting of II, NJ McGill, Ben :.
:. jamin Harmed. W. w. Miller, =
:. George A. Barnes ard Nat Cros- :.
:. by. Jr., appointed at public :
:. meeting at the school house =
:. June 10, 1868, and reporting to =
:. another public meeting June II, :.
:. 1868 Joseph Cushman presid- =
:. ed at both meetings and was =
:. chosen marsha! OF the day for :.
!. the celebration, with J. j. West. =
!. brook and II. r. Hewitt as as =
:. sistants. =
:. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :: :. :.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
TAKING
LEASES AT
BLANCHARD
Prospective New Field is
Drawing Oil Men
to Scene

Little is really known of the pros.
pective oil field at Blanchard, but the
fact that oil men are, and have been
there looking over the field and en-
deayoring to obtain leases, is evidence
Of some activity in that direction
1t is understood that an effort to
organize stock company composed
of Blanchard men, the object Of which
was to sink test we'll, has failed, and
the Blanchard folk are resting on their
oars, as the organization Of oil com.
panies so, and intend to let foreign
capital develop the proposition
A representative of a Tulsa oil com
pany has been on the ground for ten
days securing leases and a company
Of Chickasha men have had a repre-.
sentative in the field for two weeks
on a similar mission.
Members of the company will not
state what their present plans are ii
regard to the development Of THEN
leases in the immediate future.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03

reason as is theism, but is the teach
ing of experience as God has mani
tested himself in his dealings with
human kind The Bible does not re.
veal God as an abstract deduction from
contemplation but from The expert
ences Of history Of which the Bible is
composed and also in the supreme
manifestation in Jesus Christ. Christ
is called teacher, but he was not
such in the generally accepted sense.
His teaching simply fell out as he came
in contact with men in human expert
ence and his teaching was therefore
concrete examples OF life. They need
ed not, like the teachings of the moral
lists, be translated into conduct in daily
life, but they were examples OF such
in actual living We may always
take Him with us in the actual trans
actions Of life and live as he lived in
the home, in the workshop and in the
world at large with our fellowmen
Such a revelation Of God serves to fur
nish us inspiration and example IN
daily conduct and life and ought tt
make us tomorrow and every day bet
ter men and women as like Enoch and
Noah Of old we walk with our God
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
CRICSBY IN
RACE AGAIN

Il suppose everybody knows | want
to be elected again, but l want to
make sure that they won't forget it,
SO tell them about it in the paper, =
said Judge H, L. Grigsby today in max
ing his formal announcement for re.
election as police judge. subject to the
Democratic primary
And the Judge added, q am very
grateful to the people Of Chickasha
for their kindness to me ia the past
and III be just as thankful for their
favors in the future | have no plat
form and no promises, because The
people know what kind Of man I am
and they also know my ideas. If they
want me again, I am at their service
and shall appreciate their support
Judge Grigsby has served in eapac
ity Of police judge for many years. be
ing reelected time after time. Every
body knows him and it would be {
waste Of space to try to tell the people
about him.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
MARKET DAY CROWD LARGE.

Despite the snow that turned into
near slush toward noon, the February
market day sale drew a large crowd
to the city today The sale opened
early aud the same spirit which has
marked the success Of the sales for
the past several months. prevailed.
Plenty Of saleable articles were Of
fered, which were no more plentiful
than the buyers. with the warm sun
shine driving the frost from the air,
conditions as a whole presented a vast
change over the last market day sale,
which was ushered in by one OF the
coldest days Of the year,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
Supreme Court Applies Rule Of
Reason Again in Decision Of
Case Of the United Shoe
Machinery Company
THE OFFICERS WILL
ESCAPE PROSECUTION
Lower Court Had Dismissed In.
dictments Brought Against
Officers Under the Sher-
man Antitrust Law
Telegram BY United Prers

Telegram by United Press
Washington, Feb. 3.-The United
Shoe company, or the so-called Shoe
Machinery trust, is not an unlawful
monopoly under tha Sherman law, ac.
cording to the verdict Of the supreme
court today.
Officers Of the corporation viii es-
cape criminal prosecution. The court
applied the rule Of reason as In the
Standard Oil and tobacco cases.
Today's decision, followed the in
dlctment for criminal prosecution un-
der the sherman antitrust law Of five
officers Of the United Shoe Machinery
Co. on September 10, President
Sidney w. Winslow Of New Orleans;
Vice President p. Hurd Of Newton,
Mass, Vice President George w.
Brown OF Newton, Vice President VIII
liam Barbour Of New York, and Direc-
tor Elmer p Howe Of Boston.
District Judge Putnam dismissed the
Indictments at Boston on March 2,
1912, sustaining demurrers Of the de-
PENDANTS. He held that under the
rule Of reason outlined BY the su-
preme court in the Standard Oil and
Tobacco trust cases the mere bigness
Of the company ard operation OF its
patents did not constitute an unlawful
monopoly or conspiracy. as defined By
the Sherman law.
Two distinct charges were made
against the defendants. One charged
that. by merger of four formerly in
dependent shoe machinery manufac-
turing companies into the united CON
Germ, the defendants controlled so per
cent Of Interstate commerce in the
machinery The second charge was
that by the so-called tying clauses
Of its contracts leasing machinery to
shoe manufacturers, the defendants
had conspired to restrain trade.
Il was charged that the trust" con
trolls patented machinery leased TO
1890 manufacturers lin 81 states, rang
ing from a control Of so per cent Of
weltinr machinery 10 10 nor cent Of
lasting machinery
Before the United company was or
ganized in New Jersey in 1899 with
S25,ooQ0oO capital, it was alleged Thar
the defendants controlled the Consoli.
dated and Mckay Lasting Machinery.
the Goodyear Shoe Machinery and
other similar companies, merging all
into The United trust The mere
formation Of the United company alone
constituted violation Of the law, the
government contended-by its size and
domination OF the trade.
The government also held that the
tying clause Of the leases Of machin-
cry to manufacturers forced every
patron to secure a machine from the
combine and agree not to use any
other machine (eyen if Of totally
different characteIl made by "inde
pendents, and to use only the ma
chinery made by the combine
Most, IL not all Of its machinery, the
government asserted, was leased uudal
iron clad tying clauses, :, declared tC
be an oppression of manufacturers ami
an unlawful competition against the
independents. The government in
sisted the system expands the monop
oily nnlawfully and oppressively."
The defendants denied all the con
tentions Of the government.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
County Court Begins
on Criminal Docket

The county court opened this morn
ing with the beginning OF the criminal
docket with trials by jury the first
case being the State OF Oklahoma VS..
Elliott and Elliott charged with con
veying intoxicating liuuor. at
o'clock this afternoon the case mad
not been completed The docket is
well filled with criminal cases, most
Of which are charges of conveying,
selling and unlawful possession Of in.
toxioating liquors.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
ROYALTY IS
GUARDED
Telegram by Unr.od Press.

Telegram by Unr.ed Press
London, Feb. S.-No British rulers
of modern times were ever so care
fully guarded as were King George
and Queen Mary when they motored
today from Windsor castle to Bucking-
ham palace q miles, for the pre-Len-
ten court.
Militant suffragettes We're ostensi-
bly, the reason for the unsual vigI-
lance but the real cause was fear OF
an Indian plot Since the attempt on
the lite OF Lord Hardinge, yiceroy at
Delhi, India, the guardians Of the king
have been on the alert.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
Echoes From Sunday PuIpits


Stormy weather and two vacant pull
pits resulted in marked diminution
in church attendance IN the city sun
day. However. those composing the
congregations at the churches where
services were announced were well
repaid.
Owing to the small congregation the
special service announced at the Meth
odist church was postponed and in its
place, Rev G. S. Walker gave an in
teresting address on Christian Liter
ature,7 urging the reading OF the best
books. Incidentally referring to news
paper reading, which he didn't dispar-
age, the speaker paid high compli.
ment to the Daily Express, saying, Il
have never seen any town the size Of
Chckasha that had better paper.
The special sermon announced for the
evening service was also postponed.
At the evening service at the Pres
byterian church, Rev. Z. B. Teis gave
the second Of his series Of plain
Talks ON Great Themes" his subject
being, "The Deity" Quoting the Bible,
the minister said, "The fool hath said
in his heart there is no God" He said
that Scripture didn't undertake 20
prove the existence Of God. first be-
cause it was needless, as all men were
worshippers. and, second, it was hope
less to convince q man who was not
convinced by the combined testimony
OF nature. human nature and the
Bible.
/ Further Scripture quoted as the
basis for the sermon was, 'Canst thou
by searching find out God and cans't
thau know the Almighty to peffec-
tion?" CJob) and Paul's words. when
the world By wisdom knew not God,
it pleased God by the foolishness OF
4 preaching to save them that believe.
The speaker showed the impossibility
OF deriving God from mere intellect
/ dwelling on the Socratic idea of a per
feet theism which overcome the idola
try Of that day but VAS hopeless to en-
gage the devotions Of the people. Lat ii
when Christianity supplanted idolatry
the abstract teachings of the theolog
ians had also failed to hold the peo
pie
From the Bible which, the speaker
said, was peculiarly a revelation Of Goo
but contained no definition of God
came the declaration, God IS Love,
Continuing the minister said, This is
a sentence which we often hear OF
the lips of the present generation hav
ing little respect for the teaching O
Scripture but without the Scripture /
is an empty sentiment It is impossi
BILE to know Gods love except as it il
manifested to the children Of men a
shown by revelation. John says III
was convinced of the truth that God il
love when he saw Gods supreme sac
rifice on Calvary. Until that time b
/ seems to say he never knew love an
E yet he had a mother
Touching upon mother leye, tn
speaker said. Mother love without tn
memory Of youth means little and les
} indeed must the words God is love
mean to those who have never had tn
; evidence Of that love as manifesto
+ in the Scripture.
; 'eThe scriptural idea Of God Is p'
ouliarly this It is not deduction frol
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
ale LANp pEAL RECORDED.

A real estate transaction involving
hundreds Of acres Of Grady county
land came TO light Saturday afternoon
after having been consummated more
than year. The zeal was closed on
December 80, i9ll and the deed re
corded Saturday. February 4, 1913
Clarence J. Crockett and wife Of st
Louis sold to Memminger q ellis
162Ss7 acres Of Grady county land
the consideration being S24,4SS.05- I
is understood that Memminger and I'll
lis are connected with land company
of MoAlester.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
Commissioners are
Holding Meeting

The county commissioners eonyen-
cd in regular session this morning at
the court house and have been busy
all day with routine work The entire
morning was spent in checking over
and approving the monthly bills Of the
county This afternoon the commits
sioners are taking up other routine
business.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
SECRETARY
TO WILSON
Telegram by United Press.

Telegram by United Press.
Trenton, n j., Feb 5-President
elect Wilson today named Joseph p
Tumulty to be his secretary when he
assumes the presidency Tumulty has
been his secretary while he has been
governor.
Tumulty's appointment was the first
to<be announced b; Wilson. The posi-
ton is considered one Of the most i'm.
portant outside Of the cabinet
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
cAYNoR's AssAILANr DEAD.
1lelegram bv Inlted Press.

Telegram by United Press.
Trenton, n J., Feb flames J Gal
lagher who, IN August, 1910, shot May
or Gaynor Of New York while on Ho-
boken pier, died IN the state asylum
here today of paresls.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
STANDARD
DIVIDEND
Telegram BY United Press.

Telegram by United Press.
New York, FEB 3.-A dividend Of
forty dollars cash per share on its
capital stock was announced today by
the STANDARD OH company Of New Jer-
sey.
a few minutes after the announce
ment was made the stock jumped from
four hundred thirty 10 four hundred
forty-eight dollars a share.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
KAISER'S NOTE IS A
WARNING TO ALLIES
German Ruler Declares Turkeys
Terms Fair Basis for Further
NegOtiations--NO More
War Wanted
Telegram by United Press.

~f~f
London, Feb. S.-The Balkan situa
ton today Is a veritable Chinese puz
zle. The stage is set for the resump
tion OF hostilitIes at o'clock tonight
The ambassadors believed that Bull
garia would heed the kaiser's note to
Car Ferdinand which said the terms
contained in the Turkish reply to the
allies we're fair enough and formed a
good basis for peace negotiations.
Tie kalsers note was the first warn.
ing the allies have had that the pow
ers want no further fighting in the Bal
kans.
The porte announced that Turkey
viii not make any move until the al
lies fire the first shot.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1913-02-03
Deep
AT TULSA
Telegram BY united Press

Telegram by United Press
Tulsa, Okla, Feb Northwestern
Oklahoma Is snow bound BY the worst
storm in the memory Of the Oldest in
habitants, which was still on this
morning.
Snow in places is ten feet deep and
business is at standstill Street car
service Is paralyzed and telegraph
service badly crippled
Oil operations are stopped and farm
ers are showed in. The fall is estimat-
ed at eighteen inches on the level.