The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-07-29
Crime and Criminals Studied
by Its Authorities
WARDEN SALES METHODS
Pe0aIogist With Heart-Many
Splendid Things Worked Out
Under Him-Mr, Mann as
Superintendent.

l
The p~enitenuary at Raleigh is much
f. the public y now because there
is within It's management a strong
sentiment for an early discontinuance
Of the leasing system SO generally |
practiced.
The States prison isn't one OF its
most attractive institutions by name
bat il is to be doubted II in the string
OF philanthropies that the common
wealth maintains, there is one direct
ed more in~teMigently OF more sympa-
theticaly. The system within the
walls Of the big building is an inter-
esting study. 1t is the home of kind
hearts and intelligent heads.
Prison life has undergone all the
revolutions that all other phases Of
human society AVE passed through.
The nations that once had supreme
confidence in the infection Of pain as
a deterrent Of crime. have either cor
rected their mistakes or followed the
decAdent countries to certain ruin. I'm
prisonment, torture and death were
long years the sole protection Of So
ciety from vicious, it thought, but
times have changed.
The court Of justice used to join
the chamber Of torture. Ccniscation,
degradation. instruments Of brutality,
~brandings, exposure to ridicule, were
society's resort against the man Of
crime. Men and women were broken
on the wheel, their bodies quArtered,
their limbs diSlOcated, ears clipped n
their eyelids cut while the wretches
were turned to the sun. Crimes even
worse were committed, but this is
sickening enough. These deferred
nobody. Thieves, robbers, highway
men, blasphemers and murderers went
on and the greater the crimes against
CRIMINALS. the greater the Grim IS
against society.
The criminal population grew more
rapidly than the normal families. The
VICIOUS were VIGOROUSLY faithful in
p~erpetuatine their kind. Ten years
before the war there were 23, 1000, 600
people in the United States and only
500 persons in prison. In. 1850 the
$1,000, 600 population had $4,000 pris-
oners. In 1870 there were 3S, 900, 600
people, Of whom $4,000 were prison
ers. Thirty years & there were 80
ee0 900 people and $4,000 were in the
prisons.
The increase with the country's ap-
preach to 100. 0O0, 900 people has beer
maintained. The criminal class has
grown. the insane, who appear to bea'
some subtle relation to these %unfOrtu'
mates, have multiplied even more rap.
IDLY and the problem of reform has
grown more and more delicate. Tor
ture, confiscation, death, have all beer
tried. These have not reformed Grim
mails. Prisons themselves are beln3
reformed.
Punishment failed and torture ag
gravated the failure. Society began
70 study differently. 1t found tina
there are deformed minds as well a
society and in nature. 1t set abou
10 find the procuring cause. 1t has no
found il. but society has changed it
methods Of dealing with criminals. ]
mas reduced the long list OF death per
allies to four and it's death penalt
has been discontinued in many State:
The nod Of destroying life has bee
tempered and the gauows is amos
gone.
Refor1ner and Student.
\ reformer and a student of Grim
nal life is Warden Thomas r. Sal
who has served more than four year
as penalogist in the State prison :
Raleigh. His contact with the hare
ened has softened him and he studio
daily the men whose crippled sou
are n Of the worlds great pro
blems.
MIR. Sales service as warden hs
been a revolution OF four years y!
may walk through the walls and tai
TO the men and discover it, but aske
TO write what It is. to interpret 1t, I
Tails to put his finger on the owe
act. 1t is true hat Mr.. Sale beilev'
In the naturalness Of crime, hat s.
ciety u~nconsciOusly produces the
children Of vice and that often the
Children Arc victims IN their DlTt
And Mr.. Sales whole administrati<
has been directed with a view to nm
ing what cours should be pursued t
ward making the criminals life
bearable to the criminal as posslt
and at the same time offer society Z
protection that it has "A right to e
pect.
Warden Sale came into the prls'
early in the kitchin administratlo