davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
What ls tho Answarf

1t happened during the construction
or one OF Kansas City's skyscrapers
The noon whistle blew. and a plasterer
working on the floor above that OF
which he had left his street clothes
wanted some change from his pocket
book aud ordered his tendel. to 20 and
get IL.
The tender paused. Look hyah.
Mistah Jim." he objected, "if some
body has already stole so money an
comes back hyah an tells you dat ii $
gone yo' Is gwine to say TUX It,"
Although struck by the seeming jus-
tice Of the objection. the plasterer was
impatient. What's the matter with
you?" he calculated. Nobody has
stolen my money. You 60 ahead. aud
II the money Is gone won't blame
you"
The tender departed. to return In
few minutes and stand just inside the
door. WELL" said the plasterer point
edly.
The tender shufiied his feet, wide
eyed and innocent. Its Jes' like 1 tole
yo'. boss, Jes' like tole yo'. Some
body done robbed yo'. Dey wuzn
cent In dem clothes."-Kansas City
Star
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
PROCRAS||NADORS
1t All Came Out
Right
By CLARISSA MACKIE

There goes Eunice Rockwell" re-
marked Mrs. Porter from her chair be.
hind the hOneysuckle vine. Il wonder
when she and Noah are going to get
married?"
The land Knows" calculated her
sister Fanny. craning her neck to
watch the girl slowly passing the
house. They've been engaged five
years now, and she's had a kitchen
shower given her and a linen shower.
Seems as If the tinware would get
rusty II they wait much longer"
What ails Noah anyway" inquired
Mrs. Porter. rocking comfortably to
and fro. Hes doing we'll and making
money In the store. Can't be she's
putting him of on account of her Aunt
Susan"
Il should say not. when she knows
Susan is just dying to break up and 20
to live with Anna and her husband.
You know Susan told us the other day
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
Paraauay'a nSpidsr lacs ~

Missionaries In Paraguay more than
200 years ago taught the native In.
dams to make lace by hand. Since that
day the art has greatly developed. and
In certain OF the towns lacemaking Ia
the chief occupation. Almost all the
women. many children and not few
men are engaged in this industry A
curious fact with reference to the Par
aguayan laces Is that the designs
were borrowed from the strange webs
woven by the semitropical spiders that
abound in that country. Accordingly
this lace is by the natives called nan
duti. which means "spider web."-Ex-
change
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01

that she had mind to break up any
way and go to Annals She's tired of
waiting for Eunice to get married"
1T would be just like Susan Rock
well to do 1t. too" said Mrs. Porter.
II wonder what would become of
Eunice them"
Susan said her niece could be mar
ried from Anna's house just as we'll as
here"
IL don't believe EuIice would 60 to
Annals"
Perhaps she'd have to; but. Just the
same, II Noah Rand was my son Id
just give him piece of my mind. The
idea OF keeping a girl waiting five
years" Mrs. Porter watched EunIce
Rockwells slender. erect form until it
disappeared through the doorway of
Noah Rand's grocery store. She's
gone to Noah's. ] wonder what forY'
added Mrs. Porter.
Noah Rand asked himself the same
question when he saw Eunice enter the
store. This was the first time she had
ever visited the store since their en-.
gagement five years ago. and he
thought at once that something must
have happened to Aunt Susan Rock
well. with whom Eunice made her
home
"HOwdy do. Eunice:" asked Noah.
blushing up to the roots Of his light
hair. Anything the matter with Aunt
Susan?'
shes quite WELL" said Eunice with
a queer strained note in her voice. IL
just stopped in to say that she's going
to the city TO live with Anna" She
did not look at Noah. Her brown eyes
were studying the packages Of cereals
piled OH the shelves.
Good Lordr Noah was startled
when is she going?" he asked blankly
Tomorrow morning. I'm on my way
to tell Horner to have the stage stou
for the 0:24." Eunice still stared at the
cereals. Surely. she thought. surely
Noah would ask her why Aunt Susan
was going. or else he would say some
thing about their being married nj
-A''NN h't p'NDlCd iOliu llOlll
her deep reserve and given him an
opening Would he take the oppor-
tunity?
"She hasn't, she isn't breaking up
asked Noah feebly. He knew there
was something that he ought to say
that should have been said years ago
but. as he had done before, he put II
off until his next visit. Time enough
then. He sin ply couldn't asR Eunice t.
name their Dlarriage day when his or
rand boy was sitting in the rear room
with one eye on the store.
shes not breaking up Just now
said Eunice roolly. 81 shal attend to
that after Slc has gone. 1 must bc
going now. thcre's plenty TO do"
"l'll see yJu tomorrow night, En-
nice" said Npah i'm II relieved tone. q
though his muucr was apoiogctir.
"GOOdby.' a1S EuniCc'S Qdict reply
"Goodby.' id NOah
llcr c.Toud 20 lIorncr's accomplished
Euucc EockNrII hurried home. w;tH
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01

III made these biscuits myself. Da.
vid." said Mrs. Copperfeld. with hon
est pride.
They look very nice. Dora" replied
David. picking one Of them up and
making an effort TO split It. And they
ore still hot How long ago did you
ah!-cast them?"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
Not Unluckv,

'Arry-I've brought yer a ring. Ar
riet. Amt II beauty? 'Arriet-Why
It's n opal. AIRY. and opals Is awful
onucky. so they ses. AIRY - You
needn't worry yerself over that little
bit. cos II amt "a real un.-London Ex-
press
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
lots OF Uslike That.

Uncle John-Willie. II you could have
your way. who would you rather be
than anybody else? Small Willie
Just me, lf could always have my
way.-ChlCago News.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01
ContentnnAnt.

COntcntmert Is the sweet satlsfac
tlon OF knowing that YOU have more Of
this worlds goods than YOU can pos
sibly use Puck.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-02-01

BE or good courage. That Il the
main thing -ThOrcau
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

TENS OF all European nations. The ay-
erage length of the loan there is aboat
thirty years, and may run Tor seventy
five years. The annual sum paid by the
borrower Is composed of the interest
the pro rate of the cost of business and
an installment on the principal, and is
called an annuity. 1t remains level with
the same rate OF interest through the
entire term of the loan. but each year
the actual amount of interest decreases
and the amortization item Increases, so
that by the end of the term, the debt
is wiped out completely. The percentage
of capital to be repaid each year under
the amortization depends upon the term
of the loan, of course.
Thus, suppose a loan to be granted at
six per cent for ten years. The annuity
is 13.5s6S, a little over 1879 per cent, If
the term be twenty years, the annuity is
s.7lS5. about 81 per cent; if the term
be fifty years the annuity is 63il4. a little
over 6.Ss per cent. The longer the term
the smaller the annuity, so that, in this
last case, the payment on the principal
becomes absolutely insignificant and
hardly distinguishable from the interest
rate. 1t starts at "a cents per 800, tho
first year. and, at the final year, is
S5.99 but the annuity of 6.34 per cent re-
mains the same for every year of the
term.
These figures point the way to the cor
rect method for the farm mortgage bnsi-
ness of the United States Adopt the
amortization system. and there will be
few foreclosures and dispossessions. But
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

amortization calls for special institutions
for its fun play. fhey may be either
associations of borrowers, like the fa-
nous Landschaften. or joint stock COM
panies, like the land mortgage banks of
France. On the basis of the mortgages
that they hold, these associations and
companies issue and sell debenture bonds
which have a very wide and steady mar
lSet. By the sale of these debentures.
funds are drawn to agriculture from the
outside investment market. European
land credit institutions, which have at
traeted money in abundance to real estate
owners for over century. have lowered
of per cent from maximum of II
per cent. This was done by creating safe.
convenient, negotiable securities for the
savings of all sorts of people.
In addition to funds for the purchase of
land and its permanent Improvement,
farmers need funds for operating their
property and for this purpose their per-
sonal credit should be made available.
AS in the case of mortgage loans. the ia
cilities in this country for making nego-
table the personal credit of farmers are
very inadequate
The personal credit system for short
time loans, such as has become the al
most exclusive means OF discount and de-
post in agricultural Germany-of which
the Raiffesen banks are the best known
type-would require but very few changes
in order TO adapt 1t for uses of farmers in
many parts of the United States. As
these agricultural banks are simply CO.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

operative societies, the credit of each is
established upon the solidarity of it's
members. This solidarity may render the
members individually liable with or with
out limit for all the debts OF their asso-
ticles of agreement under which il is
formed. The tendency is toward unllm-
tied liability. for it inspires confidence
and expands the borrowing power on the
combined responsibility of the adhering
members. The loans of these cooper
ative societies are secured, not by mort
cages, but by the personal obligation of
the borrowers. usually guaranteed by two
associate members. The affairs of a few
wound up, but no failure has ever occa-
stoned loss to depositors or creditors or
a burdensome assessment on members.
Their soidity is SO widely recognized
in Germany that, in panes, deposits with
drawn from other banks have been Of
fered to these societies.
The inherent strength of the eo-opera-
tive credit society is easily understood
upon studying the principles which govern
it. The liability is the only thing about
1t which is unlimited. All loss is care
fully and vigorously limited The terri
tory of its operations is limited No spec
uative or risky investments are tolerated
The total amount of loans allowed Is
limited. The maximum for individual
loans Is fixed. The term of the loan
is fixed. and usually can run no longer,
with renewals, than from harvest to har-
vest; IL not then paid by the borrower,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05
Turquoise Mining

From the illustrated London News
Ninety-nlpe per cent OF the worlds
turquoise come from the mines of Mis-
hapur, in Khorassan, the Persian city.
by the way, in which Omar khayyam
was born and is buried The mines are
situated In q range of hills consisting z
entirely of porphyrles. greensboro. lime
stone and sandstone. The turquoise are
found in veins in the rocks. This ridge
of hills runs to a height of $685. feet; I;
the highest point at which turquoise
have been found is $500 feet above sea
level; the lowest point 1900 feet. one
mine Is entered through a natural cave
opening out on the side of the noun
tain, and Is worked as shown by means
of rough shafts and levels The most
highly priced turquoise are of a deep
azure. A turquoise may have this color
when 1t is first mined, but may fade
after it has been exposed to light and
air. For this reason great care Is neces-
sary when buying stones on the spot,
as some of apparently good color are
often kept in damp earthenware pots
until the moment of selling: then, of
course, they fade later. The finest tur-
quoise should have, in addition to its
deep azure color an indefinabl property
called the 'zat," which may be likened
to the so-called water" of the diamond,
Or the 'lustrs' OF the pearl The super
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

and unreasonable to expect the money so
invested to be repaid except after a con-
siderable period of years. Our present
commercial banking system is designed
to serve the needs of commerce and in
dustry and is not fitted to make the
longtime loans that farmers should be
able to secure. A commercial bank whose
deposits must be paid out on de-
mand. must keep its assets liquid. 1t is
clear, therefore. that such an institution
cannot render any considerable service to
farmers by supplying them with long
time funds.
The. principal sources of real estate
loans now open TO American farmers are
the life insurance companies, local saw
ings banks and trust companies and
brokers. 1t is reliably reported that thir-
teen of the larger life insurance COM
panies on January l, 1912, had outstand-
ing farm loans amounting to sis9, 600, ,00O
Farm loans are also made by Individual
lenders, but the total from all of these
sources is inadequate The failure 10
supply the demands of great numbers
of honest and capable farmers for mort
gage loans is evidence that something
is wrong and that new financial ma
chinery will have to be carried for the
financial requirements of farmers are
increasing more rapidly than those of
any other class
The only logical and practical method
for farmer to pay loan secured by
his land is by amortization--in other
words, by small partial payments, regu-
larly made. Amortization is the ,lomi-
nant feature of the land mortgage sys-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05
LOOKING BACKWARD: 1912-By George Eaves D. D.

especially of the old and the eminent.
There love and death grappled and were
drowned together, but love arose from the
waves. and sang the song of Miriam. The
air all around grew vocal with wireless
messages of honor, and there the whole
werld sang a requiem mass. Again when
the great river of this land hurled himself
through his cage and laid low a whole
continent, the peoples heart was quick
to succor and clothe the destitute. Or
behold the dock workers in London over
awe the worlds traditions by their pas
sionate voice, as they reassert the inalien-
able rights of man to live. London re-
spends and aids them in their struggle
for the means of living. Not in vain we
die, not in vain we suffer. The goal is
nearer.
These are social illustrations. The same
truth is luminous in the political world
We may grow weary of the news from
Mexico. and wonder how much longer the
selfish ambition of individuals shall post
pone the general welfare. At its root the
strife in Mexico is the same as elsewhere
the coming of man to his throne. In
China the goal is I'm sight. The outcast
of yesterday is the empire builder of to-
day, and DIR. sun Vat Sen is sure of a
national Immortality.
Neither can Japan be kept down by
any reactionary tendency The seed of
liberty is in the heart She has caught
the spirit of the ultimate democracy. Her
old emperor Is dead. In the life of the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

made common and vulgar by the sordd
grind of daily needs against the ilcsh
of the peoples heart.
We talk about the tariff, and we Won
der whether courage and capacity and
sincerity enough are even now avail
able to rule the destinies of this land
and to serve it's soul. We join voice to
voice in condemnation of the trusts; but
we wonder to whom is given the ,ntelli-
gence to battle with the trusts on scion
rifle lines of jiu-jitsu, using their strength
to defeat the peril they bring.
The movement toward ultimate democ-
racy in ireland, In Wales. in Scotland
and England, the movement back to the
land. the popularizing of the new law
establishing a vast national health in
surance. are all blooms on the tree whose
very leaves heal the nations. And they
indicate the rapid approach of a world
peace, based upon world wide democ-
racy.
In literature the same story is evident.
No novel cam find a market today un-
less 1t recognizes and acclaims the reality
of universal manhood and its develop
ment. No book of 1912 was more popular
than, for instance, .Queed, the point of
which was the Substitution of social SER
vice for economic theory. as a basis for
authorship in economic studies. The only
life of Christ published in 1912 was an
attempt To tell that deathless story in
tones of class struggle and class con-
scousness. Every modern history at
tempts, in the same way, to align with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

Tn the twenty-fifth century, or 800
years hence, when the student of
- human affairs attempts to describe
the predominant movements of our Gays
he will wade through much journalism
and literature and many laws TO find
that our chief bent was towards the real
characterization of society. Even now
we, looking back over the year 1872 may
hardly evade the omnipresent proof and
suggestion that now at last the well
fare of the people. the right of the peo-
pie, the very discovery. indeed, of the
people, had passed from the limbs of
political quackery into, the resurgent
splendor OF scriptural motives. Vain
is it today that1in every form OF human
political organization the curse of hy-
pocrisy springs up like Jonah's guard to
shelter the conscience of statesmen
whose avowed mission Is to represent
the people. Beneath that evanescent
areor the honorable gentleman shelters
himself from the scorching test of sedu-
lous days, and acquires a sort of cheap
fame, as Jonah did, waiting for some
thing to occur still further to augment
his eminence.
But the popular heart is honest, wants
wider welfare, is not averse to repent
ance, and thereby it wards off destruc-
tive revolutions, such as Jonah predicted.
Meantime at the root of the shady repu-
tation of the statesman the little worm
Reality gnaws its significant pathway till
till the leaves wither and that anxious son
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

the increase in the average price of all
commodities, including agricultural prod
ucts, has been but % per cent A further
material increase in the prices of food
stuffs would be serious hardship to
vast number of people, and would i'm
peril the economic advantage of the coun-
try. The only sure remedy for increas-
ing prices of foodstuffs is a very material
augmentation in production. 10 bring
about substantial increase in the pro-
duction of necessities there must be ex-
perded a vast amount of money-very
much more than the farmers can supply
from their own resources. and more than
they can obtain from existingN financial
institutions.
Farmers need funds for two general
purposes; first, for the purchase of prop
erty and for its permanent Improvement;
and, second, for operation, that is, the
purchase Of live stock, implements, seed
and fertilizers, and the harvesting of
crops. These two general divisions of
agricultural capital requirements should
be preserved in the nature of the loans
that are made to secure funds. Each of
these two divisions can and should sup
port its own credit.
For the purpose of buying land and
permanently improving it, farmers should
be able to make mortgage loans that
shave a long time 10 run. Money in
vested in land or permanent improve
ments becomes fixed capital, and the
proportion of a farmers income that can
properly be attributed to this sort of
capital is so limited that 1t is Illogical
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

lish blood and courage, that the ulfi-
mate democracy took final root For
this the old reform bills, the checking
of titular authority. the encouragement
of commerce, the superimposing of in
dustry on agriculture, each made the
soil ready. Bun the plant has now be-
come the heritage of all nations: its
seed has blown ON every wind, caught
root in all climes and soils; but in the
race TO which it was first entrusted it
has been constantly attaining a more
splendid bloom, constantly bearing a
more satisfying fruit For this reason
the year of grace. 1912, bears a rela-
ton to the year 1882, to 1776. and back
yonder to 164s, to say nothing of that
1889. Stumbling. reeling, blundering. the
demoosacy moves upward, however, ap-
parently delayed thwarted, defeated. al
ways the movement proves onward, up
wards. Though the vision tarries, or
seems to tarry, it is worth waiting for,
it shall not be postponed,
And what mass of co-ordinated forces
works together in these days to thrust
man into his throne, 1t was in 1912 that
Amundsen came back to say that he had
reached the southern hinge of this planet
as though to complete what Peary had
begun. and Ia indicate that now the last
dccr was open to us all. 1t was also -
1912 that the eyes of the world were
turned to the north Atlantic, where a
great disaster was made splendid by the
quiet heroism of old and young men,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

of many broken VOWS has to get UP and
build a new reputation. While his gourd
was flourishing he isneered at "the pee
chastened conviction that the people are
precisely those in whose welfare alone
he himself has any significance soever,-
a most wholesome state of mind alike for
prophets and politicians.
l think it can be demonstrated that the
one idea illustrated on every hand in the
story of the past year is the further un-
folding of that flower OF the ages, the
ultimate democracy. For hundreds of
years mankind has been cultivating that
thrust its face, and strove to live under
inhospitable conditions, bloomed like a
century, plant, was transferred to these
shores, and survived here hardly more
VIGOROUSLY than 1t had survived in Eu-
rope. Yet it survived despite the harden
ing influence of conventionalities and
as well as here. 1t is the glory OF
America that she helped this miraculous
Cereus to survive.
When the French revolution pealed
as thunder across the lands, and when
the thirteen colonies flung King
Georges Hessians into the sea, these
were as the shedding OF the shells when
the buds burst. The English race was
destined still to nurture most success
fully the powers of the age to come.
1t was in English hands that the bal
lot became a final authority, and it
was on English soil, soil won by Eng
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

his suarantors become liable The money
advanced can only be used for a pro-
ductive purpose and in the way especially
fought or the contract wilfuly violated,
the borrower is expelled from the So
eety and practically becomes an outcast
In his community. No loophole has been
left in theory and practice These co.
operative societies are admitted to be
splendidly adapted to accomplish the OBJ
ject for which. they are devised. In some
provinces of Germany there is a society
within walking distance of every farm,
composed, it may be, of only dozen or
more neighbors. and having but a few
hundred dollars of assets, and throughout
the German empire there is an average
of one bank for every 1900 persons The
very smallness rebounds to its strength.
But cheap money is not the only good
they do Organized and managed as in
telligently as in Germany, cooperative
credit societies would place the money
American farmers make in their own con-
troll and keep it in circulation for agri-
cultural purposes.
The foreign mortgage loan societies and
companies, and the agricultural credit
societies, involve no financial principles
that are not familiar In the United States.
There is no reason why we should not
profit by the experience of France and
Germany and build up In this country
organizations that will satisfy the finan-
cial needs of farmers here as well as tha
organizations in those countries take care
of the financial necessities of farmers
there.