The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-09-11

as Il grain crop. as it will he dead by
the time the wheat is cut. But oven
In that case. 1t would greatly help
the soil. Peas in summer and crimson
clover in winter are tthe best means
for the Sout hern farmer to use for
the improvement of his land and the
feeding of stock.
/ Preventing Smut In Onts.
! Nansemond County: 81 will SOW oats
in 4 few weeks for winter cover crop.
and before doing so / would like to
! Know how to prevent the smut in the
crop next spring? l put n few gum
ashes on n small piece of German mil
let to SEQ if they would kill il, and
| found that they did. What CAUSED
it? Was 1t the alkali in them? They
! were very strong with something like
concentrated lye." There are several
ways to treat the oats seed to destroy
the smut germs. The simplest prob
ably is the Jensen. or hot-water, treat
ment This is immersing the seed n
short time in water made hot enough
to destroy the. spores, but not to injure
the gcrmination of tho seed Water
heated to the temperature of 1872 1-2
degrees Fahrenheit will kill the spores
| and not injure the oats If the INNER
sion is not longer than fifteen minutes.
| The water must not he allowed to get
below 1870 degrees nor much higher
than 1872. The best way is to have
| two large boilers that will take in Il
basket of oats. One of these is merely
kept warm for warming the seed be-
fore immersing it in the other. for il
cold oats are put at once in the hot
water they will reduce the tempera-
ture at once. Keep the water in the
other pot hot and temper 1t to the
right degree by adding colder water
Dip the oats in and let them remain
! fifteen minutes, watching the thor
mometer all the time. Then drain them
and spread out to dry before sowing
! Another plan is still moro simple.
| Get pound (pinO OF formaldehyde
| from drug store. and add it to twenty
gallons of water. Soak the seed in
this In sacks an hour and then dry Off
! Another method is to use copper
sulphate (blucstone). Dissolve one
pound of commercial copper sulphnte
/ in twcnty-four gallons of water and
immerse the seed for twelve hours
Have another vessel of lime water
made by stalking pound Of good lime
in ten gallons Of water. Dip the seed
In the lime water for n few minutes,
and then immense for the twelve hours
in the buestone solution.
The formaldehydc solution is the
most simple and easy of any. The
fresh ashes doubtless killed the mil
let by reason of the caustic nature or
the lime in the ashes. / once bought
n car load of Canada ashes. and in
hauling them they took the hair off my
mules very badly, and it was certainly
the caustc lime
Thomas Phosphate VS.. Acid Phosphntc.
viii Thomas phosphate be as good
as acid phosphate with my oats?'
That will depend on the condition of
! the land. If your soil is well sup
piled with humus. or you are sowing
onts after peas. the Thomas phosphate
will be all right. If you are sowing
oats after corn on land that has had
no peas and is deficient in humus. you
had better use the acid phosphate as
being more quickly available.
Copenhagen Cabbnge; Celery.
Frederick County: II am very much
interested In knowing where / can get
Danish seed OF the Copenhagen mar
ket cabbage. When should the seed
be sown, and should they be set out
this fall, or grown under grass for the
spring setting? My celery is ten
inches high-when should 1 begin the
learthing? Any of the leading seeds
men will sell YOU the Danish seed OF
the Copenhagen market cabbage. for
there are none but Danish seed on the
market yet, as none have been grown
In this country. You can SOW the seed
the middle of September. and set them
In open burrows running east and west
setting them deep enough TO cover the
stems.
They stand we'll at Baltimore, but
II is colder in Frederick than at Bal
timore in winter and for safety it
would be we'll to SOW some seed in a
frame under glass early in January. so
that If the plants set out in the fall
are killed. you Will still have plants
for spring setting. Put earth enough
TO the celery 10 hold the stalks erect,
but do not commence the complete
earthing till the days get cooler usual
y late in September.
Selling Green BOX, Etc.
can you give me the address OF
parties in New York or Philadelphia
who buy lockwood shoots and iiowers?"
You will have to sell such things
through the floral commission houses.
White TO the Florists Exchange No.
Duane Street, New York and thew
!, Will give YOU the addresses of good
commission houses. Small shoots of
box AFRO now being largely used by
florists in making up designs. and
doubtless will sell all right if cut
properly. and YOU should get direc-
lions from the commission men. ana
most Of these in the floral trade are
highly responsible men.
, Varieties of Melons.
, Westmoreland County: What. in
: Your opinion, is the best, most pro
, life and satisfactory large cantaloupes
, n"r nome use here? Please reply in
The Times-Dispatch." There are sew
eral cantaloupe varieties that are good.
: whcn grown, as ! have suggested to
my Sussex correspondent on suitable
. SOIL and properly MANFRED and fcrti-
! il"cd Personally, / have fancy for
the melons with orange colorcd flesh,
ana OF these the Usage knight ana
u PAU Rose are all good OF the large
green iieshed sorts, the Hackensack is
Y excellent. and the old Anne Arundel. of
I the Baltimore market. the nutmeg
r shaped one. is good. The Cassaba Is
large and often good, and sometimes
+ poor, especially in clay soil The larr-
I est cantaloupe is the Montreal Market
c nave grown these to weigh nearly
T. twenty pounds, but never had q swec,
V one Grown by the Montreal garden
ers, they have Il great reputation some
:. years ago III passing fancy fruit
: store III Philadelphia. saw some crates
r OF Imported Montreal melons They
were very handsome, and ! though,
, that would like to taste n Canada
= grown one. Asking the price. was
II told 81 each. did not want canta
q loupe that badly. and did not invcs,
r. For general good quality, not large
size, there is no nlO,lp,. haitian