davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

Before beginning these exercises trial test should bs
made The patient having inhaled deeply exhales into
the tube OF the spiroscope slowly and easily After this
expiration may read the graduate marks on the
bottle how liquid has been displaced and write
this down The patient does the thing two or three
times take average Of the results. This
sents dose, possibly little too strong, We let the
patient begin with u less If he has blown out quart
let him exercise only q of quart
take this exercise two three times in twenty
four hours performing the exercise from ten to thirty
times at each sitting this makes good average, but
these figures IN way absolute-they vary with
the patient The physician should watch carefully and
prudence be his guide 1t is especially necessary
that zeal Of beginners, who apt to
fatigue themselves. Later he have tc stimulate
their interest compel steady practise proving to them
that perseverance Is necessary.
This respiratory training by the bottle process the
in the world The patient is being trained
breathe by breathing just train for walk
Ing by making him walk. for running by making him
This method Of prolongng the breath is especially
valuable for professional speakers and most or all for
singers who to hold their breath as long as posi-
BILE and control their notes
Besides, the expiratcns and Inspirations increasing
progressively leave for as is the case
with ordinary breathing exercises but concrete and
fixed He trying displace certain volume of water
by blowing it away the quantity is fixed in advance.
The organism adapts itself nstincvey and he attacks
the task effectively The respiration increases naturally
is doing muscular work without his will act
ing directly This is important point upon which we
lay great stress.
The ignoring of this fact explains we believe the
parave failure of former systems of respiratory gym
nastics. AS part of general muscular gymnastics
they presented with all kinds Of attitudes and
movements which not Objectionable from phys.
biological point OF view, but from practical point OF
view interfered than they helped. They do not
amuse the patients and they tired the physicians
easily both practical and eficacous We be-
eve that long physician will avail himself Of
where there any possible trouble lungs, and
in general disorders of the system.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

So you that with man who has the association
fbres and centers the sensation goes to his inner
feelings and thoughts. 1t is the setting into activity
of these fbres which produces thought
That is. the activity of the centers of ordinary
sense Is directed outward; they receive the impulse
to the exercise of their functions from without The
centers Of association. the other hand, not only
establish the intellectual link between the centers of
sense they elaborate the impressions Of the senses;
their activity is directed wholly inward, they all
the bearers Of what call experience knowledge.
cognizance principles and higher feelings, and also
language.
The Importance Of these ceners appears very
clearly if we follow their development in newborn
children. When the inner development OF the centers
OF is completed after the third month"; the intel
lecual centers begin gradually to form, and and
ibres shoot forth from the centers ot
into those regions, ending close to
anota In tho covering OF the brain-the cerebral
cortex, where all brain work takes place.
Only about nethird Of this cerebral cortex is di.
rectly connected with those fbres which
consciousness Of sensory Impressions depends; two
thirds Of thte cortex have nothing to do with this
Of association In other words, the mind shows sort
Of constitutional government. It's counseors
grouped in two scnates. the members OF which bear
such sight hearing, etc. while those OF the
others called centres Of association.
The latter, however, are, like the former, not OF
equal Importance. In complicated intellectual work,
indeed they probably work all four together but
perience with the insane shows thata centre
may be intact, while another is disturbed the lam
guage for instance, may be confused, while the ap.
prehension OF the outer world Is not yet altered
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

thermometer. the zones OF rain or clear
weather. and the humidity are helpful, but
not essential to the Guilbert plan. Even the
local wind disturbances in the mountains as
we'll as the magnetic and calorifc changes
are relatively unimportant in predicting the
weather with the wind and pressure method.
The wind is proportional in speed to the
slope OF the atmos phere as compared with
the declivity of the ground. The greater
the air slope the more speed has the wind,
has always been the teaching before. But NJ.
Guilbert has discovered that this does not
always hold true. Often the wind remains
weak, when theoretically 1t should be a hur-
ricane, and vice versa
Guilbert has, therefore, established a new
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23
our RIGHT THUMB Worth
More Than ANY FINGER

X TACHINERY now does for us thou
MI sand and one things which formerly
ID W could be done only with our hands.
The result Is that the deft, skilful mechanics
hand, trained by long years OF practice to do
some particular work with the greatest effi-
cheney, is far rarer thing than It used to
be.
Many fine specimens OF mechanics hands
still exist, however, as is shown by the re-
markable collection Of hand casts recently
presented to Dartmouth College by Kendall
Banning. who has made the study of hands
a hobby and has collected many interesting
facts about them.
The hands OF a mechanic, says Mr. Ban
ming. are more easily read than those OF
poet. The hand Of an all around mechanic
should be square, with the same width at
the base OF the fingers as at the base of the
thumb, and as long from the end of the wrist
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

ing to Darwin must have had aquatic habits. The
lungs only swimming hladders that served as
float just you in the blow6sh. In the
human embryo YOU still gill clefts.
Haeckel too describes the intestine as connected
with the gill slit which Is memorial OF distances
tors" The gills in higher animals they leave the
deep and live in the air fall into disuse. Heredty,
however. is tenacious. be in the human
child which has before birth. pairs distinct
fshlike gils. This proves the descent Of from
fish, say the followers OF Darwin.
DR.. Hagemann marshals these we'll other,
facts and that when mans ancestors periodically
&orsook the waters their swimming bladders mod
fed into lungs and their gils changed gradually
into tonsils. ut s reasonable to suppose" he.
that through unnumbered repetitions OF
these human progenitors sometimes seeking land
and then forced by the foundations into the would
eventually develop faculty Of regenerang gis. and
adjusting their forms and functions between of
muscles in the throat
The alternate relaxation and tightening of these
IN and out of the water II examine the tonss OF
young children you will little body
little channels Surely is wild flight fancy
not any so than Darwins and Haeckel's-tha the
object Of this arrangement to present large
face to the water which then swired through the
throat thus allowed the absorption of the necessary
oxygen.
the salamandcr regenerates its eye, Leg tail
and other parts of the anatomy the onsi regenerates
in very young children II not removed These and a
large number Of other geological anaoges lead Dr.
Hagemann to the conclusion that the tonsls are rem
nants of gills.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23
Why Many SMART CHILDREN Have STUPID Parents

A FACT that has puzzled not only the
~ eugenists, but lay men we'll, Is the
d. q. circumstance that frequently normal
children, who not deficient In any way,
either mentally or physically. born OF fee
bleminded parents. There are hundreds of well
authenticated instances of this sort on record,
and they have worked considerable discom-
future to those eugenists who believe that feeble.
minded persons should be prohibited from mar
rying because they believe that their offspring
Is bound to be like their parents-defcient
DR.. Charles Davenport, of the Eugenic Record
Office at Cold Spring Harbor, Lopg Island,
plains this peculiar state OF affairs In the fol-
lowing manner:
1T must be borne in mind that the mental de.
fcient not all deficient In the same way.
The term is very general and comprehensive
one. and is stretched to include stupidity SO ex.
treme as to constitute utter inability to grasp
anything at all as we'll criminal trend of
every degree.
Thus, if deficient man marries a woman
who is deficient IT does not follow that their
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

ter exhaustive studies upon this one species, he
came to the conclusion that the character and
behavior Of all organic matter, plants as we'll
animals, is determined by character units which
he taught invariabe and determinate.
Thus, in taking the hypothetical cases men
toned above, Of the shrewd. cruel father and
the shiftless, kind mother, have here four
distinct character units. which, through inherit
ance reappear variously grouped in the off.
spring. Mendel taught. on the other hand, that
all traits may be derived from one parent and
that various traits derived from both parents
may reappear not only in the first generation,
but in the second and third we'll
There is in reality nothing contradictory in
these teachings 1t is we'll known that insanity
frequently sltips one generation TO reappear in
full vrulence In the next. The tendency of the
insane character unit; that is to say, insanity
in latent FORM has been handed on from one
generation to the next, and II the person so af
ficted were to have character conforming in
other respects we'll to that OF the insane
grandparent, Mendel and De Vr;es would both
seem to be right.
Copyright. 1913 By tho Star Company Great Britai
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

deficiencies are OF the same nature. The mans
deficiency may consist In indiscriminate cruelty
to animals, and human beings as we'll, but ne
may be shrewd and otherwise competent; the
woman, on the other hand, may be stupid to
degree, shiftless and thriftess, but kindhearted.
Children born OF these parents may inherit
the cruelty of the father, and the stupidity of
the mother. but, nature always works to-
ward the normal in some way which is not yet
understood by science. the tendency Of the OFF,
spring will be to be shrswd, deriving the
shrewdness from the father and kind, deriving
the kindness from the mother. In large fam.
lily, say OF eight or ten children, one or two
will probably inherit the undesirable qualities,
or at least one of them will, but the general
drift is toward soundness OF mind.
To understand how this can be possible, 1t Is
necessary to remember the teachings Of De
Vries and of Mendel, which were formerly be-
lieved to be contradictory to each other, but
which the ultra-modern eugenists believe are
both partially right
De vries experimental with plant, and at
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

to the beginning of the fingers as 1t is wide
literally square.
The fingers should be broad. short. APP
proximately square and neither fat nor
rounded The cushions opposite should be
broad and wel-developed, for such fingers
indicate ingenuity. natural aptitude for me-
chanics and love Of mechanical work for
itself. The thumbs and fingers should not
be turned backward. for this means careless
ness and instability.
And above all mechanic should know
how to pick up a book or any other object.
This he should do by turning the point Of his
thumb in with balance hold instead OF
graspng it with the ball OF the thumb which
makes the thumb only clamp instead Of a
pncer. With this you have good mechanic
In telling the character. and from me-
chanical point of view, the thumb is import.
ant. The loss Of the right thumb is held at
80 per cent of the value Of the whole hand;
OF the left 10 per cent. The index finger Is
rated next on the right hand at 20 per cent.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

experts, even to DR.. Flessinger. OF the
Academy Of Medicine. how 1t affects
patients suffering from all kinds Of
diseases. and how all are eneftted.
The tuberculous, debilitated children
who breathe badly, those suffering
from heart troubles, the nervous-all
are improved by these exercises.
One Of our patients, aged sixty-six,
who had broken leg, took advan-
tage Of his long enforced disability
to try to cure his bronchitis. from
which he had suffered for twenty
gears. In the beginning he could
hardly blow out three-quarters Of a
quart Of water. After three weeks
of training he could blow out two
quarts. 1t Is needless to remark
that the respiratory function was i'm
proved in proportion. The patient
himself was astounded at the re-
suits.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

Even when the Illumination that Is received by the
walls is ample, the may be badly lit, If the walls
absorb that illumination instead OF giving
1t back by difuse reflection. Few people aware
how much light is thus wasted and thrown away.
The deep scarlet and crimson wallpapers now fash
ionable for dining waste from 70 70 per cent
brown paper wastes about So to IS per cent;
ordinary yellow buff wall paper wastes so to so per
cent of the light for which in most high price
is paid On the other hand white cartridge alb
serbs and wastes only about 20 per OF the light
while whitewashed wall absorbs from 80 to 40 per
cent"
In suggesting remedy Professor Thompson strongly
recommends that both for economy In artificial lighting
and comfort in the daylight lighting OF large rooms
the ceilings should be invariably white and the walls
II not white should least the very palest tnts
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

a NEW scientific method OF forecasting
~ the weather is announced by Gabriel
Guilbert a French scientist, who
claims that by his plan accurate predictions
can be made in at least a third more cases
than Is possible at present.
NJ Guilberts method, according to the
Control Meteorological Bureau OF France,
consists in the bringing together OF long
series Of weather observations over many
years at many places. He maintains that
the speed and direction Of the surface winds
and the variations in barometric pressure are
related as cause and effect
1t Is only necessary to take one observa-
ton OF the wind-a very simple matter
over large area, say the United States. Tho
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

If bottle be used with openings the side
near the bottom the thing be done without
turning the bottle upside down. Again If two bottles
marked graduates be coupled together all manipua
ton Of the water is avoided These bottles placed
different levels will serve we'll "spiroscope"
which have invented especially for respiratory
cises. Once filled they may be used Indefinitely.
This respiratory training thus placed the command
OF every one, may be regarded from triple point Of
view: hygenc, prophylactic and therapeutic
From the purely hygenc point OF 1t may be said
that it is among the best and effective of all
cises fnasmuch it contributes the ameoration OF
the of blood formation (hematosis) the primary
and chief function OF the organism.
At the same time 1t constitutes of the best pro.
phyacc means against diseases Of the lungs OF which
emphysema contraction of the air spaces) type:
against tuberculosis which nvades the lungs
OF diminished respiration and against all kinds of
eases OF the lungs which develop from inaction.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23
How WALL PAPER Makes BID GAS Bills

r. your gas or electric light bills larger than you
think they ought to be, perhaps good share of the
- blame for their size be laid to the color of the
paper on the walls OF your home or office Professor
Silvanus Thompson. principal OF the City Technical
College, London, England says that most of us are
prodgaly extravagant. both OF daylight and of the
ar7,ncai Kind for which we pay real money and
much OF this waste is due to using on our walls colors
winch absorb an unduly large proportion of light
According to this authority there must be a revou.
ton IN taste in wallpaper before we can look for
anything like sufficient return for the money we spend
Tor lighting All the rich dark tones-the deep crimson
which is so popular for dining account of the
impression Of warmth 1t gives and the various shades
of brown, much used in libraries and "dens-must
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

Tempestuous winds at times-thus you ara
forwarned-are followed by a perfect calm
in from twelve to twenty-four hours later, and
SO 1t goes.
The proportion Of Successful weather pre-.
dictions by the Guilbert method compared
with the one commonly in use, is as eight is
to six. That Is to say, when the current
method is correct sixty times in the hun
dred, the Guilbert method is over so per
cent true. So, at least, are the French
claims put forth for It,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

They arc called intel
lcctual centres, or
centres Of associa-
tion," because they
concentrate the activi-
ties Of the organs OF
sense with h 1 G b e r
units.
The intellectual CEN
tres are connected by
numerous systems Of
very fine fibres. These
centres differ from the
centres of sight, hear
ing, smell, touch, etc.
The latter centres re-
ceive the perceptions
which are conveyed to
the brain by the e1-
ternal organ sc.
For instance: You pass
a cook shop aud the
odors reach the eI-
tcrnal nerve endings
for smell located in
the nose. This c3ter-
nal stimula ton Is
transferred to { h e
brain and brings at
once n desire to cat.
Such is the effect uopn
animals OF all exter-
nal sensations, de-
pending. of course,
upon what nerve end
ings have been ach-
Cht boorinD oto
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23
The New
GYMNASTICS
For Your
LUNGS
BY DR.. ]. PESCHER, of Paris, France

S7rT he recent International Congress Physical
Education has shown the marvellous
results to be obtained from methodica training
OF the bodys muscles When the principle is applied to
respiration the effects though apparent upon super
fetal examination possibly remarkable
Respiratory training follows invariabe law gen.
eral physiology, developing and forfyng the lungs by
the progressive increase OF their function This being
the same time the primary function Of the organism,
everything that help broaden It the vi
tality OF the entire system the blood renewed
richer IN oxygen intense life to circulate
everywhere and each organ turn yields its best re-
suits.
The ideal training, from respiratory standpoint
would be the general training been realized for
the pupils OF tho French navy by Lieutenant Hobert
OUT rnls Is not applicable to the sick And healthy
persons In ordinary walks Of life seldom find possible
to follow this course
we are therefore compelled to seek other means and
among these the course OF respiratory training which
Wa are about TO describehe process "by the bot
te'-s applicable everywhere and always to we'll and
Ill, to those who may still walk about and to the bed.
ridden. 1t places respiratory gymnastics at the com
mand OF all 1t allows each physician get his patients
to breathe he wishes them to- laying down for each
one the amount OF exercise which he thinks advisable
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

be replaced by pure white and
very light shades. which absorb
a minimum Of light.
This good lighting Of a room
depends not only on the DISPOSE
ton Of the lights so as to produce
an adequate illumination, and on
the proper shielding Of the lamps
so as to avoid needless glare,
but on the nature OF the wall
surface on which the light falls"
says Professor Thompson.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

keep record Of the progress Of his training, OILY
by his feelings but by seeing with his eyes exactly
what he doing Let add that II respiratory training
be taken In this way, slowly and carefully found
that In many medical treatment has been
secured, yielding surprising results
The bottle process has been communicated to many
scientific societies, and OF late to the Academy ed
cine 1t is based upon the welknown physical pheno
menon called Torciers "a bottle filled with water and
turned upside down in vessel containing little water
will not empty itself, though unstoppered"
In order to empty the bottle air be blown into
the bottle by tube. We rubber tube, with
metallic mouthpiece on one end and on the other
metallic crooked tube easily put the neck of the
bottle. and not faened by it's weight as the rubber
would be- II the bottle hold quart water the patient
VIII have to blow in quart OF air to empty it, But he
not blow air in without inhaling It. at Ieast TO
the same extent whole graded exercises is
possible with number of bottles Of different size
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

law of nature. to wit. that the normal wind
is proportional to the slope Of the atmos-
phere, but abnormal wind will be so by excess
il the wind is stronger, OF by default il the
winds are too weak. All this means that
when the winds are too strong the barometer
is rising and when too weak or by default.
the barometer is falling.
In certain circumstances when abnormal
winds by excess. surround a centre of de-
preston, this centre Is completely destroyed.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23
How Our GILLS
Became TONSII,S

LII OF US have tonsisor did have
moved-out few pillows
are or why they came to be placed lately
the medical
tion subject
nature Of the tonls their
ely that onsis in
ua trouble of microbc invasion swollen
but entirely rea
Jennings we'll Haecke
vestg remains
tiles which
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

BY WILLIAM LEE HOWARD M. o.
TVT THIN the surface of the brain four different
W. stations for mental activity we'll known.
They all look alike under the microscope.
but differ essentially from other parts Of the upper
brain in anatomical structure 1t is the extraordinary
deveopement Of these stations centers which dis
tinguishes the human brain from that of animals.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

From the thera-
peutic point OF view
the indications for
the use Of respira-
tory training are al
most unlimited. 1t
IL always good to get
Ill persons to breathe
deeply. no matter
what their affection.
and we wonder to-
day how the matter
was ever so neglect
ed.
The bottle proc
ess" allows us to be-
gin the exercise by
doses" as weak as
We may desire, TO be
Increased carefully
and gradually. We
have demonstrated
in the Beaujon Hos
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-11-23

But with them the brain activity stops right there They
have centres connected with these sensation stations
which the back banque then thoughts
leading to what done at the the company pres
ent and all other Intellectual activieies Of