davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Subscribe for the REPUBLICAN.


from home.
Bathing in polluted water Is q
dangerous practice. The presence o.
sewer outfall nearby is sufficient
TO condemn any bathing beach
Rivers near populous centers usual
ly are little more than open sewers
Resort lakes are commonly made q
dumping ground for sewage and
wastes. The danger Of bathing in
such waters Is the likelihood Of swal
lowing some of this filth.
Food Wastes--Garbage requires
special attention d,I MS the summer
months. 1t must be kept in tightly
closed metal containers, sprayed daily
with a formaldehyde salution and re-
moved frequently. The Fly Line
brings your dining table in close
touch with your garbage can.
Animal Wastes Manure Is one oil
our city's greatest nuisances; 1t Is
this waste that is chiefly responsible
for the unsightly and insanitary con.
dition Of Chicago's alleys, it is the
breeding place of most of our flie3
and, therefore, the source OF much
Of our summer trouble. Stable
wastes should be kept In tightly
closed containers and removed every
three days.
Decomposing matter of any de-
scription may be the breeding place
of flies and disease.
Keep Clean-That's the way to
avoid summer seases---Courtesy Of
the Chicago School Of Sanitary In
struction.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Refreshing Sleep.

Not everyone who sleeps is re-
freshed when the sun peeps over the
hills. One hour of deep and dream
less slumber is worth three of four
hours of that which falls to the lot
of most people, the fragmentary, rest
less, dream-haunted sleep.
Too many hours of sleep is almost
as bad as not enough Some people
require eight hours, others only six,
while many brain workers" get along
nicely on only four The latter class,
often take little cat maps OF few
moments during the day. This is
Natures way of evening up, and is
very refreshing If one merely loses
consciousness but for moment-the
recuperatiye powers work rapidly.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
SUMNER DANCE RS

Flies--Summer pests; distributors
or filth diseases; agents OF untimeiy
death. Hunt out and clean up ma
nure piles and other breeding places
Screen your house and swat the IN
truding flies.
Dirty Milk-Poison to babies; Kills
hundreds every summer. AS mucI
milk Is dirty, safety demands thai
all OF 1t be pasteurized. Do this II
the home, then keep 1t In clean
cool place away from flies and dust
Summer temperature favors rapit
development OF germs in milk.
Dirty Foods 1Dust-covefed and lily
fouled foods are dangerous. BUY
foodstuffs from groceries and markets
that protect their stocks from aus
and flies.
Fruits and Vegetables which are t9
be- eaten uncooked should be thor
oughly washed. Vegetables are usu
ally grown in fortified soil. ane
therefore are quite likely to harpol
serious communications Both fruits
and vegetables are subject to uncleai
handling and are commonly exposee
for sale without protection against
dust or fly contamination.
Dirty Ice Cream is big factor
in summer diseases, Clean ice
cream Is a good feed, but clean Ice
cream is the exception rather than
the rule. You cant exercise TOO
much care in buying ice cream
find out where it comes from and
then learn the sanitary status OF the
factory where made. Caution the
children against hokey-pokey ice
cream.
Street Soda Fountains are always
dangerous because they can't be KEEP
clean. With every drink you con
sumo street filth.
Ice water taken in excessive guam
titles is an American weakness ano
bad one. Water can be cooled
without putting Ice into 1t. Put the
water in a clean bottle and stand II
upon ice. Pure water is not uncom
monty contaminated with impure ice
Ice which is permitted to be sold
''for cooling purposes only should
never be brought into contact with
food or drinks.
Impure Water-A drinking supply
derived frcm shallow dug well
which Is located near an ousAoase,
barn or open drain is always dan
gerous. This is one OF the health
menaces OF an outing in country dis
tricts. as also is supply derived
from river or lake into which sew
age or other filth is deposited. To
be safe, boil the water when away
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Beware Of Ointments for Catarrh
That Contain Mercury

Beware OF Ointments for Catarrh
That Contain Mercury
as mercury will surely destroy the
sense OF smell and completely de-
range the whole system when enter
ing it through the mucous surfaces.
Such articles should never be used
except on prescriptions from reput-
able physicians, as the damage they
will do is ten fold to the good you
can possibly derive from them. Halls
Catarrh Cure, manufactured by f. j.
Cheney & Co., Toledo O., contains no
mercury. and Is taken internally, act
ing directly upon the blood and mu-
cous surfaces of the system. In
buying Halls Catarrh Cure be sure
you get the genuine. 1t is taken in.
ternally and made in Toledo, Ohio,
by f. j. Cheney & Co. Testimonials
free.
Sold by druggists. Price 75c per
bottle.
Take Halls Family Pills for con-
stipation. adv.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
oriqIn of Beer is Ancient.

Origin of Beer Is Ancient.
Beer was brewed and drunk by the
Egyptians. the exact date of it's origin
being lost in the remote ages. But
that 1t was enjoyed in the fourishing
times OF Egypt is settled beyond con-
troversy So far as can be learned
the materials from which beer was
then made were substantially the
same as today. Beer appeared in
Greece several centuries before the
Christian era and was probably much
the same in character as that brewed
by the Egyptians; the Greeks, in all
likelihood, acquiring a knowledge of
It's manufacture through commerce
with that land. They, in turn, handed
1t on to the Romans, and by those
hardy empire-builders it was spread
broadcast over the ancient world.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
coNTAiNER FOR SHIPPING WAT
Err TO LABORATORIES
State Of Idaho Board of Health Labor
atories. Boise, Idaho.

State of Idaho Board of Health Labor
atories. Boise, Idaho.
TO WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN
On or after June 1st, 1913, the
State Board of Health Laboratories
will make no sanitary analyses OF
waters unless received at the labor
atory in special container, furnish
ed to the shipper at his special re-
quest. Both county and city Off
Gals of the Local Board of Health,
also city engineers and waterworks
superintendent, should write to the
State Board Health, asking for spe-
cial containers and giving full in
formation as to source, date of col
lection, and chance for pollution OF
the water. The shipping charges of
the containers to pc paid both ways
by the applicant.
RALPH FALK, M. d.
Director.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Cube Root Of Evil.

They had asked the great cubist to
paint the tragedy in Eden. He shook
his head.
Il cannot paint the serpent" he
said; 1T has too many curves" Then
he added In melancholy tone:
There is but one creeping thing that
! find myself privileged to use as a
model"
And what Is that?" they asked
eagerly.
"The angleworm."
Whereupon he took down his two
foot rule and his table Of cubes and
went to work.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05

Not, Feeling just Right? Read This!
Mr.. Jack Maltos, Copperopolfs, CAL
would not make this statement were
1t not absolutely true. Il could
hardly stand on my feet and when
sitting down could hardly arise on
account of pain in my kidneys.
tried three bottles Of Foley Kidney
Pills and they entirely cured ME, and
| have had no kidney trouble since. :
Ask him. For sale at the Keener
Drug Store. adv'
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05

DON'T use cough medicine con
tanning opium or morphine. They
constipate the bowels and do not
cure, only stifle the cough. Examine
the label and If the medicine con.
tains these harmful opiates refuse
it. Foley's Honey and Tar Compound
contains no opiates, is healing and
soothing. For sale at the Keenel
Drug Store. adv
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
Rev. CHARLES E. MASON, Pastor.
l:0O a. m. and 500 p. M, preach
ing services.
Special music by choir both morl
ing and evening.
1910 noon, Sunday School. Graded
lessons.
700 p. m, Christian Endeavor.
500 p. m, Wednesday, bible read
ing and prayer.
2:30 p. M. Thursday. Ladies Aid /
three sections.
500 p. my Thursday. Choir Re-
hearsal.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
A Good Investment

w. d. Magli, well known mer-
chant of Whitemound, Wis, bought
stock of Chamberlain 8 medicine
so as to be able to supply them to
his customers. After receiving them
he was himself taken sick and says
that one small bottle of Chamber
lain's Collie, Cholera and Diarrhoea
Remedy was worth more to him than
the cost Of his entire stock of these
medicines. For sale by the Roscoe
w. Smith Co. adv.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Taps Rubber Trees BY Electricity.

Taps Rubber Trees BY Electricity.
A novel electrical Taper for rubber
trees Is the work Of German in
Peru. Hollow iron channels, divided
into sections, are fitted on the tree
trunk, the sections containing prick
Ing devices that can be worked at
varying times by current from the
central station.
A receptacle in each section catches
the latex (plant juice, coagulating it
with acid. The attachment may be
left unvisited two or three months,
and In the time 200 or 300 Jumps Of
rubber may be accumulated from a
large tree.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
Causes Of Stomach trouble.

Sedentary habits, lack of out door
exercise, insufficient mastication of
food, constipation, torpid liver,
worry and anxiety, overeating, par
taking of food and drink not suited
to your age and occupation. Correct
your habits and take Chamberlain s
Tablets and you will soon be well
again. For sale by The Roscoe W.
Smith Co. adv.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
The Best Medicine In the World.

my little girl had dysentery very
bad thought she would die.
Chamberlain Is Collie, Cholera and
Diarrhoea Remedy cured her. and l
can truthfully say that think it is
the best medicine in the world, +"
writes Mrs. William Orvis, Clare,
Mich, For sale by The Roscoe w.
Smith Co. adv.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
THE CHURCHES
THE METHODIST CHURCH

THE METHODIST CHURCH
J. w. SlFTON, Phi. D., N. D., Pastor.
Sunday School at 10 a. m.
Preaching by pastor, IL a. m.
EpwOrth League, 700 p. m.
Preaching by pastor, 7:30.
Prayer meeting, Wednesday even
ing a. 1880 p. m.
Morning service, subject: Drawing
Near to Cod
Evening theme: 'The Making Of
Tomorrow"
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH
Rev. JOHN A. PEAkE, Pastor
10 A. M. Bible School

IL a. m, preaching service.
p. m. B. Y. P. U.
p. m. song service and sermon.
Wednesday evening at o'clock,
Prayer Service.
All are corially invited.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1913-07-05
ST. JAMES EPISCOPAL CHURCH
r FRANKLIN OSBORN - Missionary
lin charqe)

Morning Prayer at IL a. M
Evening Prayer at 1880 p. m.
Archdeacon Jennings will officiate
next Sunday, July 6.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Yankton, 8-Minulou sobotu We
Ger vypukl ohen v mastali Amose
Bowyera, ktera shofela. Jeden
kun byl z hoficf mastale vyvedenY
Vedlejsf mastal Roberta Schneidra
byla t6z poskozena.- Ones rano
byl pfedveden pred soudce Richey
no, T.. j. Smith, farmer jenz byd,
Ii u Fairfax ma obzalobu, Re pred
pisuje medecfny pro domacf zvifa-
ia ae nenf zadnym l6kafem. o.
zalobu vedl proti nemu dr.. Matt
hews. Smith totiz byl zatGen v
Mission Hill kde feGnil We shro-
mazdenf farmeru ma choleru mezi
vepfovym d~obytkem. PAX pr5
prodaval receipt proti cholefe, die
n6hoz pry sam vyl6Gil mnoho do
bytka a prJ Sc osved6il. Pc dalSf
dispati mezi advokaty Janouskem,
ktery zastaval obzalovaneho a Wy
manem ktery zastupoval stat, soud
ce naffdil by Smith byl propulsion.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11
Not Super stition.

Some people nev9 go anywhe re on
Friday because thGy never have any
money until Saturd ~.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Utica Times, -Frank Cap pro-
dal II akrG pozemku 2H. mile jiz-
ne cd Utica Josefovi Jsmborovi
"a 500 akr. Pozemek nema lad
ne impruvmenty.- Cholera mezi
vepfovgm dobytkcm zde zle fadi
take malo zvffat zbylo. Vsecky
medeciny malo pomahaif.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Sioux Falls, 8-Pravnfk Lyons
ienz je clenem vysetfujfciho W.
boru ktery ma ma starosti vysetfi-
ii iak statnf 1fednfci 81 poGfnali v
1fadech, Sc prrye nayratiI z vrchu
kde byl "a tim dcelem. Uvadf Sc
totiz, Re dffvejsf pokladnfci statnf
ulozovali statnf penfze do banku,
a Re ma tyto brali interest kter5
strkali do kapes. Vfbor Dude HE
det by tyto penfze byly statu vra-
ceny.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Yankton, 8-Olie Wesigaber,
16 roku starry vyrostek jest We We
zenf do te DOLBY neil dfady Sc roz
hodnou co s MIN. Kluk totiz ie
darebou a jeho rodiGe 81 nevf S
MIN rady. Byl jiz nekolikrate
pred soudem pro ruzn6 darebnosti
a nedavno Sc vypGjeil automobil
a wal ma RAFT" nekolik dam cd
divadla. Druzina jela k fece
James kde Sc "nenucene" bavila,
s v$sledkem, Re kara pfisla k roz-
bitf. Kluk patrne Dude poslan do
polepsovny.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Statnf taxovnf komise snizila
assessment farmersk5ch pozemku v
Bon Homme okresu re $751; SO akr
ma $3.50 Tim padem jest tento
okres patym v prGm6rn6 Gene po-
zemkG. Pozemky v Yankton ok
resu jsou cen9ny $55.7 70 akr. Ok
res Clay ma nejvyssf cenu ma
sv5ch pozemkach a Size $50. AZ
akr.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Wagner, 8-Pf. FrantiSka Vim
centova koupiIa obydli a Gtyry To-
ty re meste cd Ferd. Fukse, do
ktereho Sc nast9hovala.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11
mocnice.

Isabel, S-Maiitel uhelnych do
III n Isabel oznamuje, Re ma 400
tun uhlf ktere prS proda pc So. so
tunu totiz, Re uhli nalozf zde ma
vlak "a tn cenu. ..
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Winner, 8-PfedevGirem uhofel
v mastali ma farm9 Millsov6 tesaf
Barney Hybrook. Pracoval ma
stavenf a v noel 81 Sci lehnout ma
mastal. Asi We dive hodiny v no,
ci byl pozorovan oheh a aG Sc rod
ma a ostatnf tesafi pokouSeli pla.
meny uhasit bylo vse marn6. Zu.
helnatelna mrtvola Hybrookova
byla nalezena v popeli a nebyla k
rozpoznanf. UhofelS byl asi &c
roku star a zanechava zde manzeI
ku a til dftky.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Pierre, 8-Cedule ma automobi-
ly pro rok 1914 budou ash te same
velikosti jake letos, s tim rozdi-
lem, Re budou jasne Gerven6 a elf
ry v Mich bile. Dive cedule stojf
stat n6co pres - cent?.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Lesterville, 8-Prace ma move
velke garaze A. o. Wagnera jde
cerstve ku pfedu a kontraktor
Pullman ujiStuje, re Dude brzy do
hotovena. Garaz Dude ma zp1sob
TabOrske.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11
Pocne sc VyucOvat.

We zdejsf skole Sc zapoGne vyu-
eovat prfsti pond6li Is zaff. Ro-
dice jsou zadani by hled6li ditky
posIati do skoIy,v cas-,
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11
RHINE zpTdVy.

Aberdeen, 8-.Pfi ptechazeni
trats milwaukske drahy asi deset
mil cd mesta, ST.. Grace Tervell
jenz bydlf zde byla zasazena Via
KEN a ODE nohy il ujety. Nsstast
ne d9vce skonalo ma cests do ne
mocnice. )
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11
Ornament.

. Oznamujf timto vefejnosti Re
jsem otevfel svdj feznicky zavod
kde vzdy budu drzet ma sklad6 yes
ker6 druhy masa, sunek a jinfch
v5robku a kazd6ho poctiv6 a sv9-
domite obslouzim.
Josef Musil.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Med ma prodej, "a 25c pint ma
Vaclav Mach. Adv.
The Tabor independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1913-19??, 1913-09-11

Plnokr evne Chester White pie
menaci ia prodej. NJ. j. Rada,
Tabor, S. d. (Adv.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-05-27
COMES BACK IN THE UNION
Missouri County Raises American Flag
After Fifty Years.


A strange incident Of the belated
raising of the American flag hauled
down during in civil war days is in
down in civil war days Is interesting
ly told in an exchange as follows:
After fifty years, Clay county, Mo-,
has come back into the Union. For
the first time since the beginning of
the war the American flag is flying
over the court house here, and south
and north are one again.
The same man who pulled the stars
and stripes down from the Flagstaff
in 1861 raised them again In 1912,
and the war Is over.
In the first year Of the civil war,
John w. Hall, a soldier in General
Sterling Pierce's brigade, hoisted a
Confederate flag over the court house
at Liberty. Liberty, while north OF
the Missouri river, was in Clay coun-
ty, settled lergely by Kentuckians, and
named Henry Clay. The people were
intensely southern in their sympathies,
and hundreds of them enlisted In the
southern armies.
They were too far north, however,
and too close to Kansas and Fort
lLeavenworth to be allowed to secede
from the Union, and shortly after
the Confederate flag was raised a
body of Federal troops swooped down
on the town and drove the rebels out.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-05-27

The stars and stripes again were hois-
ted on the court house and flew there
until the Federal troops had left.
Then the flag was hauled down and
from that time until now never was
raised again. The old flag staff wealth
cred the storms OF many years. The
halliards rotted away and finally the
staff itself fell and was not replaced.
Recently the Daughters Of the Amer
lean Revolution in Liberty, nearly all
of them also members Of the Daugh-
ters Of the Confederacy, noted the alb
sence of the flag from the court house
and took up the matter with the coun-
ty court. They persuaded the off,
cials to purchase a new Flagstaff and
buy a flag. An old-time flag raising
was planned and the event was made
a holiday for Liberty.
Hall still lives in Liberty, and now
is state commander Of Confederate
Veterans. To him was delegated the
honor Of raising the flag, and as he
slowly hauled up the ensign the loud
est cheer that Liberty has heard since
the days when the rebel yell echoed
through Lberty's streets rent the air.
General Halls eyes filled with tears
as the red and blue folds Of the flag
swung out in the autumn breeze and
there were plenty Of other eyes mois-
ted as the crowd, among which were
many gray-haired veterans of the
north and south, sang the Star
Spangled Banner" In bass that broke
often into the same tremble that came
from the school children gathered
around.
GLORY to God, Liberty's come back
into the Unior!" shouted an old Union
veteran, and chorus of "Amens'
came from the ex-Confederates. And
now that Liberty and Clay county
are back again in the Union. the
county court has promised that the
flag will be raised every holiday. IL
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-05-27

Sahara as a Factory Center.-No
more barren tract of land could be inn
agined than the Sahara desert Of Afri-
ca, and yet If the prophesies Of our
scientists are fulfilled 1t may be found
to blossom like rose at very early
date. 1t is calculated that the Sahara
receives an amount of solar heat every
day equivalent to that produced by g.
O00. 10000 tons of coal, and 1t is con-
tended that If some economical meth
cd can be found to utilize this lost So
lar energy this desert may become the
factory site of the world Of the future
In these factories there would be no
energy creating machinery as we know
it, no chimneys but glass chambers, nc
furnaces but refiectors, all designed tc
receive and transmit for commercial
purposes the daily gift of the sun, as
stored away in the sand.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-05-27
Every Man Dependent Upon His

Every Man Dependent upon nis
Fellows.-David Grayson, writing a
new Adventure in Contentment in the
June American Magazine, tells about
old Nathan Toombs, the village rich
man. Following is an extract:
"As a matter Of fact, reflected, and
this is a strange, deep thing, no man
Is in reality more dependent upon the
community which he despises and
holds at arms length than this same
old Nathan Toombs. Everything ne
has, everything he does, gives evidence
Of it. And I don't mean this in any
mere material sense, though Of course
his wealth and his farm would mean
no more than the stones in his hills
to him II he did not have us here
around him. without our work, our
buying, our selling, our governing, his
dollars would be dust. But we are
still more necessary to him in other
ways: the unfriendly man Is usually
the one who demands most from his
neighbors. Thus, If he have not peo-
ple's love or confidence, then he will
smite them until they fear him, or ad-
mire him, or hate him. On, no man.
however he may try, can hold himself
aloof!"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-05-27
STORY OF HAzING.
Originally had Practical Purpose, Now


Originally had Practical Purpose, Now
..., only Silly. f.
1t appears that the practise Of "haz-
ing has ar origin more ancient and
more respectable than is generally sup
posed. In the early centuries Of the
Christian era every professor was in
dependent Of the others. In other words,
he conducted the business Of teaching
entirely on his own account In city
like Constantinople. Athens or Alexari-
dria there woulG be, perhaps, four or
five professors of about the same
standing and authority, and between
them would exist rivalry in which
their students would naturally interest
themselves. ..,.. ...,......
The admirers Of each professor left
no stone unturned to, get for him new
students and increased fees. When a
voung man arrived to pursue his stu
dies, a band of students would meet
him, bear him off to the house Of one
of his countrymen, and employ every
means, fair or foul, to induce him to
join their classes. -, -...,
Frequently they resorted to violence.
Libanius, himself professor, who liy-
ed in the fourth century, has told how
he Jared when he arrived as student
in Athens. After triumphing over the
dangers Of a winter voyage from Con-
stantinople, he was seized, on landing,
by band Of scholars, and kept In con-
fnement until he had taken an oath to
join the class of their professor. And
the worst Of It was that he found the
professor very incompetent But IL ne
presumed to criticize, or failed to join
IN the rapturous applause. the scowis OF
the class would warn him that he was
exercising dangerous freedom.
So hot was the rivalry between pro-
fessors and classes that the town was
sometimes in continuous riot, and a
professor dared not walk the streets
unless escorted by band Of his ,parti-
zans. And, Just as In modern times
hazing has been defended as fine and
useful thing, so these contests between
rival classes had kind of romantic at
traction for the students.
Libanius records that when, as
young man, he heard of the fighting In
the streets of Athens among the stu
dents, of the clubs. stones and swords
used and of the wounds endured by the
students for the honor Of their teachers,
he thought as highly Of their courage
as If they had been fighting for their
country, and hoped that he too. might
some day join in these contests.
In the course of time, however, the
professors found 1t best to make COM
mon cause with one another, and enter
ed into agreements for their mutual In
terests. AS time went on, these agree
ments became more and more compre-
hensive, until at length the body of in