davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
THE ZERO MARK.
Origin of the Mathematical Symbol
That Stands For Nothing.

Origin of the Mathematical Symbol
That Stands For Nothing.
1t is the peculiar triumph of the
mathematicians who constructed the
Hindu Arabic numerals that they were
led to invent a symbol for nothing"
The invention arose out of the difficult
ty which was encountered when cal
culatio1s were transferred from the
ancient abacus board and became
written operation.
On the abacus board, which may per-
haps be seen still in infants schools.
the rows Of beads or counters repre-
scented the numerals / to 8, but each
counter or bead in the row above rep
resented ten times as great a value as
In the row below. Thus 591 could be
transferred from abacus board to pa
per without difficulty, but O) ] taken
from the abacus might be 81, since the
vacant place was no longer indicated.
Accordingly mathematicians were led
to invent character for the vacant
place. The invention of this symbol
for nothing with the crowning, tran
scendent achievement in the perfection
of the decimal system and lay at the
base of all subsequent arithmetical
progress. Among the Hindus the sym
Dol was at first dot, but it was soon
superseded by a circle, o. Its symbol.
says Professor E R. Turner in a mag
azine article on the numerals, has va
ried greatly, and its name has a pedi-
gree of its own. The Hindus called it
sunya-yoid. In Arabic this became
sifr.
In 1902 Leonardo Fibonacci trans
lated it Zephirum. In 1880 Maximus
Planudes called it tziphra During the
fourteenth century Italian writer's
shortened it to zenero and cenro, which
became zero, now in general use.
Meanwhile it has passed more nearly
in Arabic form into French as chiffre
and into English as cipher, taking on
new signifcations
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
LOOK TO YOUR PLUMBING.

You know what happens in a house
in which the plumbing is in poor con
dition-everybody in the house is liza
BILE to contract typhoid or some other
fever. The digestive organs perform
the same functions in the human body
as the plumbing does for the house
and they should be kept in first class
condition all the time. II you have
any trouble with your digestion take
Chamberlain's Tablets and you are Ger
tain to get quick relief. For sale by
all dealers.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
HAGERSTOWN FEARS
MEASLES EPIDEMIC.
Seventeen Members of Pri-
mary Class Have Con-
tracted Disease.
palladium Specially

HAGERSTOWN. Ind. April I2.-An
epidemic OF measles is feared here in
the public schools. especially In the
lower grades. Already, seventeen
members of the primary class have
the disease and il is feared that there
will be a rapid spread. Every pre-
caution against the increase OF meas
les has been taken by the parents.
Many families have been Guaranteed
by County Health officer King. who is
making every effort TO prevent an
epidemic.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
EMMONS' TAILORING CO.
THEIR BUSINESS

Emmons Tailoring Co. have en-
larged their business this spring. In
addition to the large and fine line of
suitings they make at SIS and SIS,
they have added an extra fine line of
suitings that they will make at $40
and up. The connection of Emmons
Tailoring company. with one of the
largest wooden houses in the country
gives them unusual advantages in
price.
Emmons Tailoring company have
also an Electric Pressing system This
system does the best of pressing
work Pressing suits, 35c; trousers.
15c Best work or no charge
advertisement
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

Wesley Brown, who was connected
with the Brown-Darnell Co., for over
twelve 12) years has not been with
that firm for over two and one-half
(213) years and has again engaged in
the same kind of business with his
son at his residence. n. w. End and
Williams streets. They carry full
line of bicycles, tires and sundries, and
are prepared to do all kinds of repair
ing no matter how difficult. They
have an automobile delivery and call
for and deliver all their work. Tele-
phone 1856. 12-1t
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

night when the collision occurred, in
latitude 41.16 north and longitude
SOFA west. Fifty-eight miles away
was the Carpathia. At 1926 A. NJ.
Monday morning the wireless oper-
ator of that vessel got the call for
| help.
A &c. @. D. Call"
Come at once. We've struck a
berg It's c. Q. D. call, old man"
This message sputtered and roared
over the mysterious wireless across
the ocean into the ears of the excited
young man in the wireless room OF
the Carpathia. He hurriedly inquired
the location of the Titanic and then
awakened Captain Rostron, who
promptly ordered full speed ahead to
the rescue.
For nearly four hours the officers
and passengers of the Carpathia were
torn by anxiety. Would they be too
late to save any one? Would they find
no sign of the Titanic on arriving at
latitude 41.16 north, longitude 50-14
west? In the meantime they busted
themselves preparing to make the
survivors comfortable, in the event
that there should be any survivors,
for within brief time after receiving
the &C. Q. D." call the Carpathia's
operator was no longer able to get in
touch with the Titanic. The last word
he received was this broken message:
notwithstanding by the head.
Location 41.16 NORTH and the wire
less trailed off into tumble of roars
and sputters and then ceased alto
gether.
At 400 a. m. the Carpathia reached
the scene Of the disaster. No trace
of the Titanic was to be found. For
several hours Captain Rostron cruised
in the vicinity and then a life boat was
sighted and the first of the survivors
were brought aboard, suffering badly
from shock and exposure Soon the
remainder of the life boats were pick
ed up and the hysterical survivors TAX
en- aboard and given medical atten-
ton.
Then while the world, shocked by
the horror of it all, anxiously awaited
some definite word, the Carpathia, be-
sieged by wireless inquiries as speedi-
ly as possible made her way to New
York. From Halifax the steamer Mac
kay-Bennett put out and succeeded in
recovering many bodies.
Heroes Perished.
The sense of the inquiries that fol-
lowed the disaster were that the speed
of the vessel was responsible Captain
Smith, upon whom most of the blame
would have fallen, went down with the
Titanic standing on the bridge. Scores
Of gallant men, unable to get into life
boats without forcing some woman
out, stood upon the deck with barred
heads while the ships band played
Nearer, My God, to Thee and went
to their deaths.
The civilized world did everything
possible to aid the survivors. Funds
were raised and thousands of dollars
poured in to help the needy.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
advertisement
A "Defuuctsr.1

Customer (mlssing his favorite wait
er)-Where's Charles today? Waiter
I'm sorry. sir. but 'e's gone. Customer
Gone! Do you mean he's defunct?
Waiter-Yes. sir. an with everything
e could lay is 'ands on.-Londop
Sketch.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
ELECTED PRESIDENT
DR.. Davis Again Heads State
Health Board. /

DR.. T. H Davis, city health officer.
was elected president of the state
board Of health at the quarterly meet
ing yesterday afternoon at Indianapo-
lis. The election of DIR. Davis was
unanimous. DR.. Davis has been a
member of the board for eighteen
years and this is his third term as
president DR.. J. B. Boyer was elect
ed vice president.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

to scratch. For eighteen
or twenty years I could not
tell what i passed through
with that awful itching.
l would scratch until the
blood would soak through
my underwear. and I could
MT talk to my friends on the
street but i would be dig
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

president and that Uncle Billy Ryan,
Of Post G, and J. A. Kraft, of Q. are
still in evidence, for we have run for
every office within the gift of Post Q
and went down in defeat, but We can
not be defeated for press chairman.
because no one else will have it.
Uncle Billy was elected president of
Post G and he also has a cinch on the
press craftsmanship of his post and We
dare any one to defeat him for state
press chairman"
There is one pleasant aspect to the
burden imposed on the present press
chairman. 1t is the renewal of ex-
changes with Kraft of New Albany
and Uncle" Billie Ryan of Terre
Haute. These two old vets" in T. P.
A. press circles seem to have life
leases on their jobs. 1t is a pleasure
to hear from them again.
And this again from Kraft, that di-
minutive press agent of Post Q:
Can any post give a good reason
why Richmond should not invite the
Indiana division to meet in convention
in that city in 1912"
Yes, Brother Kraft, Post c can give
a good reason and if necessary We'll
give that reason at FIT. Wayne when
we see you and the balance of the Q's.
Harry Hates has just completed his
maiden trip on the road. He has ac-
cepted a road position with ]. NJ. Hut
ton & Co, succeeding William Morris
who has retired.
The G. & o. railroad will put in
effect tomorrow a new train schedule
which promises to be the best ever
given by that road. There will be two
local trains each way, giving the trav-
elers an opportunity to work the
smaller towns and also enabling the
country people to do their shopping
in the large towns.
Travellers using the c. & o. will do
we'll to look up the new time card.
The following are the delegates to
the FIT. Wayne convention: E. E. Lee
DO, C. W. Caldwell, T. c. Harrington,
P. J. Freeman, w. H. Kramer, John
Hirshburg. NJ. L. Hasty, Roy Brown,
W., H. Quigg, J. B. Hegger, Walter
Rossiter, Ed Thatcher, G. A. Menden-
hall. L. E. Turner, o. G. Mitchell, A.
Gordon, Newt Jenkins.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
NEW BLACKSMITH SHOP.

Opened at IL Liberty Avenue.
Horse Shooting, Wagon Repairing. all
kinds Of general repairing done. Sat
isfaction guaranteed. Give us a trial
MARTIN & GERSTNER.
Set
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
Exercisira Her Hjehx.

Mamma. young Mr.. Ketchley wants
to come and see me-"
When did he tell you so. chiidT'
"Last time l saw him. I asked him
IL he wouldn't like TO call, and he said.
why, certainly "-Chicago Tribune
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

The man who banks on his family
tree in place of branching out for him.
self, is going to die of dry rot.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

Some men vote as though they used
the same muscles for voting that they
do for betting, and buying, and steal
ing.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12
SUFFERED TORMENT
WITH ECZEMA
.SI1tth
For Many Years. On Thigh. Also
. on Scalp. Awful itching Skin.
, Could Not Sleep. Cuticura Soap
and Ointment Completely Cured.

Lebanon. O.-"My eczema started On
my thigh with n small pimple. IL also cams
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

Pay up all your other bills before
YOU begin paying your grudges.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

The following from Kraft's T. P. A.
column in the New Albany Tribune
is of interest to local T. p. A. mem
bers:
wv. H. Quigg, press chairman of
Post c. says in his column in the
Richmond Palladium that some
changes are going on in the T. P. A.
press columns over the state, W. H.
Vile having resigned and A. W. Sni-
der elected in his place Post Us
press chairman was elected to Post
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

Harry Hates has just completed his
maiden trip on the road. He has &C
cepted road position with J. NJ. Hut
ton & Co, succeeding William Morris
who has retired.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

John Minnick is taking short
spring vacation, due to the flood con-
ditions.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1913-04-12

A. D. Gorrell of Marion post, was a
visitor at the club rooms last week
He had been detained in Cincinnati
by the flood for several days. Mr.
Gorrell is a candidate for state presi,
dent of the T. P A. before the Fort
Wayne convention to be held May 8.
TO- He has a host of friends who
to the office he seeks.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
THREE PLAYERS HURT IN
ST. L0uiS-PHILLY GAME

Philadelphia, Pa, Sept. 1S.-Batting
rallies in the sixth and eighth innings
gave Philadelphia a victory over st.
Louis by 8 to 4. Manager Hickey as
sumed command of the St. Louis team
yesterday afternoon. Harry Davis, the
veteran first baseman and former man.
ager of Cleveland, got into the game
through an injury to McInnis.
Three players were hurt during the
afternoon. Outfelder Clarence Walker
of st. Louis had his forehead split by
running into the left field bleachers
during practice. 1t was necessary to
take several stitches in his head.
Pitcher Brown of Philadelphia wrench
ed his knee fielding a grounder in the
first inning Brown then threw wild
to first and McInnis in trying to make
a one-handed catch, collided with
Pratt.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
YANKS CLIMB OUT
OF CELLAR BERTH
Take Second Game of Double
Bill From White Hose and
Pass the Browns.

New York, Sept. 1S.-Cars White
Sox did a fifty-fifty with the down
trodden Yankees in a double-header
yesterday at the polo grounds. Aside
from the fact that each team was able
to win, it was memorable afternoon,
the Sox going crazy and perpetrating
bundle of eighteen hits in one game,
while Chances victory in the after.
piece removed his charges from the
cellar, a place inhabited by them since
early spring. The Browns are now
tenants of that sumptuous abode and
look natural Whereabouts.
The good things the Sox did in the
opener had better be related before
anything is mentioned of the second
game. For one thing. they sopped
by the score of 8 to 3, ~@.S.,e in the
second they were forced to take a
trimming by to 2 count. This dis
tressing tussle was of only eight in
nings' duration, as darkness was fast
gathering over Manhattan and lights
in the offing somewhat blinded Jump"
O'Loughlin by their constant blinking.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
ITALIAN MOTOR PILOT
Is KILLED IN A RACE

Norfolk, Neb., Sept 1S.-Louis Man
ghetti, the Italian automobile driver,
who won the speed championship of
South America in 1909, 1910 and 1911,
was instantly killed here yesterday
in the second race of the Norfolk fall
festival meet. Manghetti's car turned
over on curve, throwing the driver
headlong to the outside of the track,
breaking his neck. 1t was a pursuit"
race, in which only one other man was
entered. Manghetti, who was known
as Mad Louis" on three continents,
because of his daring, was swinging
around the half mile track at terrific
speed when the accident occurred He
was 80 years old. His wife lives in
Richmond, Va.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
WESTERN LEAGUE.
RESULTS YESTERDAY.
AMERICAN LEAGUE.

New York, 80; Chicago, % (sec
ond game, innings, darkness).
Washington, 1-2; Detroit, "a.
Philadelphia. g.; st. Louis, 4.
Boston, 0; Cleveland, 2.
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
Chicago-Boston, rain.
Pittsburgh-Philade rain.
st. Louis-New York, rain.
Cincinnati-Brooklyn, rain.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.
Milwaukee, p; Indianapolis, 4-3
st. Paul, GO; Louisville, IS.
Minneapolis, 1; Columbus, 1 Us in
nings. darkness).
Kansas City, 7; Toledo, 5.
PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE.
Los Angeles, 5; San Francisco, 1.
Portland, 6; Venice, l.
Oakland, l.; Sacramento, 4.
WESTERN LEAGUE.
Omaha, 5; Topeka, 4.
Des Moines, 3; Wichita, 0.
Sioux City, 3; Denver. 6.
st. Joseph-Lincoln, rain.
INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE.
Newark, 5; Providence, l.
Toronto, l.; Rochester, 2.
Jersey City-Maltimore, postponed.
Montreal-Buffalo, rain.
NORTHWESTERN LEAGUE.
Portland, 0: Seattle, 1.
Spokane, 5; Vancouver, 1.
Tacoma, 3; Victoria, 6.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
Colunhus Is Sfunn

New York, Sept. 1S.-FTank Farrell,
president of the local American Lea
que club, was back from Cincinnati to-
day, where he had attended the draft
meeting Of the major leagues. Mr.. Far
rell was highly pleased with his prizes
in the baseball lottery, and thinks he
was one Of the luckiest men there. Far
rell says President Hermann Of the
Cincinnati club made the Columbus
club an offer of $4,000 cash for Cole,
but that Columbus refused, taking a
chance in not losing Cole in the draft.
The Columbus club, therefore will
only get $4,000 for the player in
stead OF $4,000
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
WRESTLER is
SEEKING MATCH
Wants to Meet Pappas, Parnon
and Bronden for Side
Bet of 500.

Arthur Stewart of the Brighton Park
Athletic association, Chicago, is anx-
ious to clean up a few local grapplers,
and so confident is he that he will
be able to accomplish his aims, that
he has posted 800 with Chicago
newspaper to back up his claims. He
wants to meet Gus Pappas again, also
Jim Parnon, the Greek welterweight
demon, and Harry Brondell of Daven'
port. Stewart has penned challenge
which he has entrusted to the sport
ing editor of The Argus. Stewart will
let 500 he can beat Pappas, Parnon
and Brondell, and is ready to wrestle
any time and at any place where fair
purse is offered. He is now training
daily at the Brighton Park A. A.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
A RhYthmicaI Criticism.

Professor Brander Matthews was
talking of certain past participles that
have fallen into disuse. reports the
Washington Star.
The past participle gotten" has gone
out in England, although it still fingers
on with US. In England gotten is al
most as obsolete as ''putten." In some
parts of Cumberland the villagers still
use gotten and putten. and a teacher
once told me of a lesson on the past
participles wherein she gave her pu.
pills an exercise to write on the black
board.
In the midst Of the exercise an ur-
chin began TO laugh. She asked him
why he was laughing, and he an
swered:
'Joes put putten where he should
have putten put"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
WELSH TO FIGHT
SELF FOR TITLE
English Boxer to Go Through
Form of Battle and Bring
Suits Against Richie.

Vancouver, B. c., Sept 1s.-"In this
corner Freddie Welsh, lightweight
champion of England. Australia and
South Africa; in that corner Qook
close, gentlemen) you can imagine Will
lie Richie, lightweight champion of
the world. Are you ready? Shake
hands. Bang, ding, etc"
These proceedings will take place
here Saturday when Freddie Welsh
will attempt to shadow box himself
into the worlds championship, the
day he was to have pitted his ability
against Richie Having slammed,
hooked, uppercutted, crossed and jab-
bed his imaginary opponent all around
the ring, then having helped his sec
onds mop up some of the imaginary
blood, Welsh will walk to the center
of the ring, bow to the imaginary
crowd and accept the imaginary crown
that goes with the championship.
Establishing a precedent in ring
history, the English boxer is determin-
ed that he will institute legal proceed
ings against Richie for running out
of the bout planned for Saturday.
Welsh figures that by going through
with all the articles called for in his
contract with Richie and the promo.
tiers that he will be in a position to
win suit in court for money that he
says he has lost through the action of
Richie.
The program announced by Welsh
for Saturday is: Weigh in at 1915 at
135 pounds; hop through the rope at
the arena an hour later: shadow fight
an imaginary Richie; land vicious
but wholly imaginary knockout on
Ritchie's imaginary chin; declare
himself worlds lightweight champion (;
visit his lawyers and make a claim
for the $4,000 forfeit money supposed
to have been put up by Richie.
That Welsh will have, established
himself in court is accepted, but local
experts can see many obstacles for
him, as Richie posted a check as his
forfeit and then had foresight enough
to stop payment on the check before
he lef- for San Francisco.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
Jake stahI Not to Play Ball

From manager of the worlds cham
pion red sox to boss of semi-pro
baseball club is too big dive for Jake
StahI, who denied yesterday that he
was thinking of running the team
named after him. The announcement
was made by Manager Smith of the
Stalls on Monday night that the form
er Boston leader would run the semi.
pro club. Stahl says that if he was in
condition to play ball he would be
back in the big leagues. His foot still
troubles him, although he can lavi-
gate around on sidewalks with ease.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
A. A. TEAMS BATTLE
IS INNINGS TO TIE

Minneapolis, Mimi, Sept. 1S.-Minne-
apolis was again prevented from TAX
ing the lead in the American associa-
ten race yesterday, playing an 1S-in-
ming tie with Columbus, 1 to l. The
game was a duel between Lake for
Minneapolis and Cook and Ferry for
Columbus. Lake, who was recently re-
leased by Detroit, set an American as
sociation record by pitching II con-
secutive scoreless innings, Columbus
scoring its only run in the first inning.
Score:
Columbus NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
..1OOO000OOO O000O0OO- 10
Minneapolis .................
OO0000OO000- IA .
Batteries-Ferry and Smith; Lake
and Smith.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
DOG EATS REMNANT

One of the big laughs of the season
is on President Kavanaugh of the
Southern league-or on the league at
large. Before the season opened the
eight clubs contributed large sums Of
golden coin so that they might have
the flag on hand way ahead of time.
They bought a magnificent pennant, a
lovely thing to look upon, and it hung
proudly in President Kavanaugh's of,
fee for several moons. 1t was the fin,
est pennant-
AND Them dog ate the pennant
while the president and the magnates
were holding business session in the
next room.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-09-18
DEATH RATE IN UNITED
STATES FOR YEAR is 1872

Washington, D. c., Sept. 1S.-The to-
tai number of deaths for the registra-
ton area of the United States for the
year 1911 was S39,2S4, according to a
report made public by the census bu-
reau yesterday. This area included
52,275,977 people, or 63.1 per cent of
the entire population.
The death rate for the country at
large was 1872 in 1911, as against 10
per cent in 1910. In Chicago it was
JAG per cent in 1911, as against Isl
per cent in 1910.
Illinois, which passed its vital sta
tistics law only this year, is not in
cluded in the report, though statistics
compiled in Chicago, Aurora, Belle
vile, Decatur, Evanston, Jacksonville,
Quincy and Springfield were used (.
There has been marked reduction
in the infant death rate in recent
years. In Chicago in 1911 it was 1888
per 1000 as against 1866 in 1910
Out of each 100000 people Chicago
lost 100 from typhoid fever, 219 from
scarlet fever, and 1872 from diphtheria
and Group. Nine persons in Chicago
and one in Decatur died of pellagra.
Thirteen persons in Chicago, two in
Springfield. and one in Decatur died
of infantile paralysis. Chicago's death
rate from tuberculosis, cancer, organic
diseases of the heart, and pneumonia
was lower than in the majority of
cities in the country.
The total number Of deaths from
suicide in the registration area for
1911 was 1922, an increase of 1892
over the preceding year. There were
54,O2S violent deaths, of which 50,121
were accidental.
Chicago rates for both suicide and
violent deaths were lower than in the
other large cities and are not includ-
ed among those specially mentioned
because of their high percentage.