davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-11-27

Michigan state banks and trust com
panies snow a gain of $2,096, 600.52 in
aggregate business since August 8,
1913, according to the report of Bank
ing Commissioner f. H. Doyle. AS
compared with the report of August
8 there has been a decrease in the
commercial loans and discounts OF
S674,303.9S Savings loans and dis
counts have decreased $24.607. SO.
Commercial bonds and mortgages have
increased $410909.63, while savings
bonds and mortgages have increased
S1,641, 05663, making a net increase in
loans of 1888, 05162.
Commercial deposits show an in
crease of 7,385.S7 and savings de-
PORTS have increased $446,O7S.47,
making a total increase in deposits
since August of 5000, 464.34.
Compared with the corresponding
report of a year ago the following
increases are shown; commercial
loans and discounts $4,35S,914.91; saw
ings loans and discounts S72S,9S0.93
commercial bonds and mortgages
$699,416.6S; savings bonds and mort
cages 1922, 1861. In the past year
there has been an increase in COM
mercial deposits of $9,517,l90.35 and
an increase in commercial deposits
of $10,054, S51.94, making a total in
crease in deposits during the past
twelve months of $19,572,042.29.
The total reserve maintained by
Michigan state banks and trust COM
panies, October Fl, 1918, was 64,793,-
257.O5 or 1913 per cent. The total
cash reserve amounted to S23,0SS.-
1867 or $50 per cent. The reserves
were divided as follows: savings legal
reserve $36,023,31399 or 1858 per
cent; savings cash reserve $12,4O7,-
254.17 or 81 per cent; commercial
legal reserve $2S,769,943.06 or 1858
per cent; commercial cash reserve
s10,6s1,532.50 or S.7s per cent. The
total reserve carried by Michigan
state banks 10 s11.045,142.3I over the
requirements OF the banking law.
Based on savings deposits of $217,-
1S7,25Sss, the law requires mortgage
and bond investments of at least $10s.-
69S.S67. Doyle's report shows that the
mortgage and bond investments ex-
coed the requirements OF the law by
$35,SS4,S70.50. The savings invest
ents, together with the savings re-.
serve. exceed the savings deposits by
s5,922.355.5O.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-11-27

All the officers Of the Michigan Ma
tional Guard viii meet in Lansing,
January IL and Is for a school of in
struction. Lectures will be given by
officers OF the regular army and II Ia
expected that 200 officers OF the stats
militia will attend.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-11-27

AS the result of law passed by
the last legislature, every school in
the state is required to include in its
curriculum such humane education as
shall include the kind and just treat
ment of horses, dogs, cats and other
animals and also the important part
they fulfil in the economy of nature.
Superintendent Of public instruction
Fred L. Keller says it is the purpose
of the law not only to have kindness
incuicated in the minds of the chill
dren but also to have them appreciate
the worth OF birds and various ami
mails in dollars and cents. 1T is
estimated that the toad is worth
twelve dollars annually to the farmer
on account of the number of injur-
ious insects he will destroy" said
Keller Many kinds OF birds are
even more valuable in their active
warfare against destructive insects
In order to aid the teachers in this
work the department OF public in
struction has available for distribu-
ton a bulletin concerning the COM
mon birds of Michigan"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-11-27
important 20 Mothers

Important 20 Mothers
Examine carefully every bottle or
CASTORIA, a safe and sure remedy for
infants and children, and see that II
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-11-27
The Magic PIn-WheeI.

This is a comparatively new. trick
and never fails to mystify. The little
pin-wheel upon the end Of a stick spins
in whichever direction you command
1t to turn. but give the stick to some
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26

Despite the fact that the Liberty Bell is one
OF the most treasured OF national relies, 1t Is not
originally an American product, but foreign I'm
portation; and imported from England. too. where
1t was first cast according 10 the order given In
October 1851, by the superintendents OF the state
house OF the Province OF Pennsylyania-now lnde-
pendence Hall
Thomas Lester OF White Chapel. London. cast
the bell and by August, 1852, II arrived in Phila
delphia and was erected on trusses In the state
house yard While being tolled and tested early
in September OF the same year 1t was cracked by
the clapper, though by no unusually powerful
stroke. Concerning this accident. Isaac Morris
wrote, March TO- 1883:
Though the news OF our new bell cracking Is
not very agreeable to u.s. we concluded to send 1t
back by Captain Budden. who had brought 1t from
London last August but he could not take II on
board, upon which two ingenious workmen under
took to cast 1t here, and am just informed
they have this day opened the mould and have
got good bell, which, confess, pleases me very
much. that We should first venture upon and sue.
coed in the greatest bell cast. for aught know.
In English America, The mould was finished In
very mastery manner. and the letters. l am
told, are better than toni the old one. When we
broke up the metal judges here generally
agreed It was too high and brittle. and cast sew.
eral little bells out OF 1t TO try the sound and
strength. and fixed upon mixture OF an ounce
and half Of copper TO the pound OF the old bell.
and In this proportion We now have It."
Herman Pass. from the Island OF Malta and
Jacob Stow. son OF Charles Stow the doorkeep-
er OF the assembly. were the two Ingenious work.
men referred to in the above letter After the
second casting OF the bell II was again hung and
tested In the spring OF 1853. More defects were
soon found. however The American casters
Pass and Stow. who were not bell founders by
trade at all had put too much copper in the metal
so that It's sound was impaired Disappointed
with that failure and also nettled at the gbes OF
their townsmen concerning It. they asked permis.
sion to cast the bell second time. Thomas Les.
ter, the original maker OF II, also offered his
services but the authorities decided to allow
Pass and Stow to proceed again. and thus the
third and present casting was made. and again
the bell was raised; this time In the state house
steeple itself. That operation was completed by
the end OF August OF 1853. when the American
casters were paid eco l3s I'D. for their labors.
Then began Its chimes, August 27. 1853. when
It called the assembly together, ringing out tho
old ringing in the new; sounding Its melodies for
innumerable public and private events during
more than four.score OF years.
The nrst individual for whom II rang was Frank.
lin sent home to England" to ask redress for
the grievances Of the colonies IL February, 1857.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26

A community organization is an In.
cubator for ideas.
The man who drinks to drown his
sorrow only makes his head swim.
1t is not bad idea to Jet some OF
the fields 60 to grass now and then.
Speaking Of golden eagles, the early
crop is the one that catches the bird.
Human happiness consists in hay.
ing a great deal to do and then doing
1t.
Luck is all right. but hunting four.
leaf clovers will not take the place Of
hoeing corn.
The man who works to beat the
devil isn't shopping around to beat
some one else.
The farmer gets the credit for q
good crop. The weather takes the
blame for poor one.
Why should truck and fruit grow.
ers wait until they are crowded to
the wall before they organize?
1t Is common form OF bad luck
to have the house or barn burn the
day after the insurance ran out.
Cut out the middleman and put the
profits where they belong-in the
pockets Of the farmer and his wife.
The working woman in the city
wants an eight.hour law. The farm.
er's wife works under the late-hour
law.
A knocker ties milestone around
his own and the community's neck in
which he resides. A booster cuts the
rope.
Throw aside every man and every
scheme that stands between yourself
and the management OF your own
affairs.
II the school In your neighborhood
Is not up to high standard. whose
fault is It? Have you done anything
to make 1t better?
Sam Saxon says the road to success
is worn SO smooth and slippery a
man can't go up 1t In hurry without
danger Of slipping down.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26
ORIGIN OF COOPERATIVE IDEA
Surplus Steam and Hot Water Neces.
sary to Running Laundry Used
In Operating Creamery.

Cooperation among farmers, espe-
cially along practical lines, is more
OF a western than an eastern idea.
Iowa is not only pioneer but lead.
er in cooperative undertakings. Per.
haps the more rapid growth OF pro-
gressive ideas In the west is due to
the type Of people who go there. 1t
Is also due In no small degree to the
fact that a change to new conditions
and new habits always results In the
dropping of Of some bad habits at
the same time. The folks who have
always lived In the same county, the
same town or the same house can.
not realize unless they are compelled
to change. how 'sot" they have be-
come In their habits both OF thinking
and doing. am a firm believer in
the advantage of learning how to live
under new conditions. for nothing is
such hindrance to that progress
which means real gain as the people
who meet all new ideas with, I'VE
have done this way for twenty-five
years and 1t is good enough for u.s."
says a writer in the National Stock
man and Farmer. To be consistent
they should use the the sickle and
the single pillow and above all things
refuse to use the telephone.
AS many readers know, the cooper.
ative creamery has long proven Its
success in many communities, but 1t
has remained for a western man to
evolve laundry. a cooperative laun.
dry that cost its 200 patrons some.
thing like ten dollars apiece to install,
and which uses the surplus steam and
hot water necessary to the running
OF creamery. That such an arrange.
ment would be boon to every rural
community every woman knows. or.
ten the housework could be carried
reasonably well II 1t were not for the
washing. Even though only the heav.
Ter pieces were sent to the laundry
and all work needing careful handling
kept at home It. would still be q great
help.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26

The bell echoed the hopes Of the peoples hearts
and its melodous Bon Voyage" sounded over the
Delaware as he sailed away
When the planning and splitting mills were
closed and the manufacture OF iron and steel prod
ucts was prohibited by acts of parliament In
Pennsylvania and the kings arrow was affixed
upon pine trees and the trade OF the colonies in
all parts OF the world restrained the bell was
again tolled to assemble the people in the state
house yard to protest against such outrages.
Thus did the bell. long before the Revolution
become the beloved symbol Of truth and freedom
reinforcing with pugnacious and violent peals the
cry Of determined citizens In the largest political
meeting held up to that time in the state house
yard, that none Of the ship 'Polly's detestable
tea that had just been brought into the port
should be funneled down their throats with par
lament duty mixed with it,
When the port OF Boston was closed In May
l77i and the heart OF the country was growing
heavier with Its affliction. the bell more
carefully muffled and tolled In a solemn and pro
phetic manner. both to announce the closing OF
the port and little later. to call meeting to
relieve suffering in Boston on account OF the
restriction OF It's trade.
As the conflict with England approached the
bell was rung more and more; Its use became
matter Of course. and then. on April rs. l775
Battle OF Lexington, 1t rang wildly to assemble
5000 people In the state house yard and to in.
spire their souls to a resolution pledgng their
all to the cause Of liberty.
II rang also to assemble the Continental CON
gress to Its daily sessions. both at Carpenters
hall and Independence hall. and. finally its crown
Ing achievement. the one wild. defiant and joyful
ringing that more than all the previous reverbera
tions It made. gave 1t the sacred name OF THE
Liberty Bell occurred on July land not the
ith. as is generally believed). after the Declara
ton OF Independence had been adopted.
This greatest Of Its jubilees called the citizens
together III the yard to hear read In the stentorian
tones Of John Nixon the lrst public proclamation
OF the Declaration and never did the old wooden
rafters OF the state house steeple rock and trem
BILE with more sympathetic vibration than at this
time.
When returned to the old state house steeple
again one Of Its first uses was to ring upon the
announcement Of the surrender OF Lord Cornwall
u.s. in October. 1881, and In the following month
to toll In welcoming Washington to the city. A
year and q half later It helped to proclaim the
treaty OF peace with Great Britain and In Dccem
ber 1899. It was mufled for the nrst time In many
years. though not to mourn for lost liberty or
over tyrannlcal deeds, but to lend its almost
hushed music to the funeral solemnities Of Wash
ington himself
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26
SOILS FOR SWEET POTATOES
Medium Fertile, Sandy Loan Contain.
Ing Moderate Amount Of Organic
Matter 10 Most Suitable.

The sweet potato is a rather mar.
ucular crop and demands certain soil
conditions In order to have a fair
chance OF success. The soil need mt
necessarily be very fertile; in fact
says an Indiana man in Farmers Re.
view. medium fertile, sandy loan
winch contains a moderate amount of
organic matter is most suitable for
sweet potatoes. They are often grown
In almost pure sand. Heavy retentiye
soil will seldom grow good potatoes
either In quantity or quality.
AS to fertilizer. when any is needed
well rotted stable manure is perbans
the best. This should. preferably bo
put under the hills rather than an.
piled broadcast. There Is a good rea.
son for this in the fact that sweet M
tatoe vines have tendency to strike
root along the joints Of the vine and
this tendency Is greater when the so,l
Is very rich. also during wet weather
The ground requires thorough At.
ting before the plants are set pv
most growers It is laid of in ridges
from four to ten inches high and
about three feet apart from center to
center. High ridges are most com.
mon on land that lacks good drain.
age. OF late years It has been n
question with many growers Of swaet
potatoes whether ridges are really az.
sential when welldrained ground 4.
plowed fairly deep and fitted thorouph.
ly for the crop. Nearly every season
we try an experiment In the way ~
setting rows Of sweet potatoes .,da
by side. one row ridged and the otho,
not ridsed. and the results have nj.
ways been that the unridged rov
produced Just as many and iu,, =.
good quality potatoes as the r,a..d
row. When this is the case, the ertro
work Of making tho ridges is wasted
The cultivation Of sweet pota,oe.
ought to be thorough and freousn,
but shallow. When the vines bea,n
to run they will have to be tprnod
over and removed out Of the way =,
the cultivator. Hoeings are eeno-,,,,,
necessary. especially In wet sea .on.
In order to keep the rows free ,ron,
weeds and the soil loose around ,ha
plants. When the vines begin - e ="
terfere seriously with furthor ~, w.
walton the crop may be laid bv ~
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26
HISTORY OF FARMERS UNION
Originated at Point, Tex, in 19o2-or.
Ger Spread Rapidly, Reaching
Illinois In 1907.

The many inquiries coming to this
Office as to the history and purposes
OF this Farmers Educational and Co
operative Union, leads one to believe
that few words in this respect might
not be amiss. It originated at Point.
Tex, in 1902, by one Newton Gres-
ham. who, noticing the poverty
stricken, mortgage ridden, credit bond
agism OF his neighbors, gathered a
few of them together one night in
schoolhouse and resolved to make an
other effort for freedom of economic
conditions. AS may be surmised. their
initial purposes were ITO control the
marketing OF their products; to abolish
the credit and mortgage system; to
teach diversifcation Of crops; and for
better homes through Equity, Justice
and the Golden Rule" The order
spread rapidly and reached southern
Illinois in 1907, and we now have just
reached the 500 mark in lodges.
The cheapness with which the fees
and dues were originally established.
has been great drawback to US; as
they do not give us sufficient funds to
push the work aggressiyely. However.
"Hallelujah time" in any social or
spiritual work liz rarely as permanent
as the silent growth OF intelligent con-
Niction, and so We are making q
steady and gratifying gain. In COM
Ing into the work your correspondent
early realized the fact that to have
any power over the marketing and the
price Of a product presupposes guam
tity OF that product sufficient to at
tract quotations. AS we say in circu-
lar letter No. s. Just sent out from this
office. An occasional bunch of lettuce,
head OF cabbage, bushel of potatoes.
lone hog. will never do It," Only by
community OF interest have the straw.
berry growers Of Judsonia, Ark, the
truckers Of Texas, potato men Of Ma
ryland. Hood river apple people OF
Oregon. Holstein breeders of Lake
Mills. Wis, cotton planters Of the
south. wheat raisers OF the northwest,
creamery patrons of Iowa and Wiscon-
Sin succeeded by carload lots in hav-
ing any say-so In the selling end OF
their farming. And so this writer Is
putting In all his power in urging
these scattered. diversified efforts into
community Of interests, into a spe-
c1allzation on something for the
money crop, largely he hopes, too,
along the lines Of livestock farming;
poultry for the small holdings: sheep
for the rougher lands; feeder cattle
for the hillsides; dairying where help
Is plentiful; mules for the men of
larger means.
While working for this remoter ef.
fort. we have felt that for immediate
gains the buying side through the CO.
operative store is the best plan; and
we have been putting forth all our
energy toward the establishment of
these. and SO far with gratifying re
suits. Possibly the stor yof these may
occupy future article. Recently a
copy OF the Tice.Landee road bill has
been sent to every lodge requesting its
thorough discussion, and opinions
mailed to our representatives at
Springfield.
JNO. P. DOYLE, State Secretary,
Farmers Educational and Co-opera,
tive Union.
Jefferson County, Illinois.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26
Ground Feeds Best.

Poultry will fatten faster on ground
and cooked feeds. Ground corn and
oats soaked In milk for twelve hours
makes an excellent ration. Other
things, such as unused. cooked vege.
tables. may be given. but they are not
necessary. Good grit should be given
once or twice a week.
Any grains raised on the farm may
be used. so long a. the corn makes up
at least half Of the ration; but they
should be ground to get the quickest
results. As q rule. It doesn't pay to
feed matured poultry longer than
three weeks to fatten.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26
Tobacco for Stomach Worms.

For worms or other parasites living
free ir the stomach or intestines. ap-
parently careful experimental work
has shown good results by the use Of
low.grade tobacco leaves. sometimes
called tobacco trash" writes Dr..
Reynolds. This should be chopped up
fine; mixed with an equal amount Of
salt and kept constantly before the
sheep.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26

OF the question as 10 whether the relic
should be permitted TO travel any more appears to
be about due. and Just now when the anniversary
OF the nations Independence is upon US, is rea,
sonable time for discussion OF the matter.
Wilfred Jordan, curator OF the independence
Hall Museum, measured the second crack before
the bells last journey and then measured 1t again
after It's return. He found that II had increased
In length TO a slight degree.
No one knows just when this second crack
occurred. and opinions differ but compared TO
the old crack 1t is OF recent origin and is dis
unctly visible. Mr., Jordan. however was the first
to call attention to long and almost invisible
extension OF the second crack and finds that It
now reaches one-thIrd way around the bell. from
the end OF the old original fracture. which was
chseled out In 1886 In an attempt to make the
bell sound properly.
Putting an end to the bells pilgrlmages would
In no sense at all be due to a dislncllnation OF
the people or councils OF Philadelphia to allow the
west TO view and possess the sacred relic even
for short time. Indeed Philadelphia would be
only too glad to send II. for since the bell has
already helped by It's travels to lessen the sec
tional feelings between the north and south, so II
would help unite the citizens OF our republic who
live on the Atlantic seaboard with those who live
on the Pacific.
Little do either sections realize how intimately
the bell Is connected with tho consummation OF
our nation. early political ideals and with the
fondest OF Its impulses In Colonial days. This old
bronze relic not only helped to proclaim Inde-
pendence. but for years before 1916 rang loud to
celebrate the hopes OF the people and rang low
TO intone their woes
Upon Its sides Is this inscriptions
And proclaim liberty throughout all the land
unto all the Inhabitants thereof"-Ley 25, 10.
strange Providence indeed wrote that inscription
on It's crown many years before It's throbbng
clangors and melodious eoquence had aught at
all to do with liberty!
Announcing proclamatlons OF war and treaties
Of peace; welcoming the arrival and bidding God.
speed to departing notables: proclaiming some
accession Of the English royal family to the
throne and the secession therefrom Of the Ameri.
can colonies! Its more customary use. however.
was to call the members Of the assembly Of Penn.
sylvana together at the morning and afternoon
sessions ind to announce the opening Of the
courts.
The Raymer enterprise., 1913-06-26

lNCE negotiations have already been
opened by the management OF the
Panama exposition and commonwealth
OF California with the city of Philadel'
phia to obtain tho Liberty Bell as one
OF the exhibits for that occasion. and
since II seems that the crack In the
bell Is extending. a definite settlement
The Ocala evening star. [volume] (Ocala, Fla.) 1895-1943, 1913-09-16

Try IA Star Want Ad.-It PAYS
The Ocala evening star. [volume] (Ocala, Fla.) 1895-1943, 1913-09-16
GAMBLER

Gambler. Sept. 15.-Captain De-
Young and his son-in law. John
Matthews, left Sunday noon for a
two weeks absence in Chattanooga,
Tenn, and different points among
relatives in Illinois
Mr. Flemming has purchased
from Mrs. Galloway the lot and pref
" residence situated on Eden Cor
don Lake. which was originally the
Sinclair property.
John Driver is sustaining broken
arm since Thursday.
DR.. A. Belcher has the lumber in
place for store room which is TO be
erected in the near future, on the lot
south of Capt. DeYoung's packing
house. and west of the present post
office
Mr. John Matthews, while moving
| hay one day last week, moved off the
head of a huge rattle snake. The
reptile possessed eleven rattles and
was near the spot where Mr.. Mat
| thew's killed its six foot companion
a few days previous to this encoun-
ter.
| Mr.. Albert McClain has returned
! from Pass-a-Grill, where he accom-
panied Mrs McClain last Tuesday
| Mrs. McClain will remain for an in
definite time enjoying the cool sea
! breeze.
| Miss Catherine Caul, who has been
| in Ocala for the past two months,
stopped over for a few days last
week, enroute to Lakeland for an in
| definite stay.
| Mr.. Thomas Pritchett, of Inver-
! ness. spent the weekend with his
mother and brother George.
| Rev. Edwards of the state Presby-
terrain board, preached to an appre-
ciative audience in the Presbyterian
| church Sunday evening.
Capt. Russell came up from Lake
Weir one day last week for a brief
visit between trains interview with
| friends.