El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-05-03

than when allowed to grow at WIZ
over tops of houses and trees the Yield
of fruit per acre in return Tor the
time labor and expense IS IHQClt
greater when the vines are resLIlCleG
TO a convenient size and are trained
in q somewhat unnatural form; hence
in cultivation, extended growth or
vine is sacrificed to secure an IN
creased yield OF fruit
Fruit on New shoots
The point TO be borne in mind in
r1.11nfns- is 10 Keep each vine within
its allotted limits and make It assume
The form desired. to remove any useless
Ds-rs and so secure a more vigorous
growth OF productive MoOu' anu 10
Temove an excess of fruit
Always remember that the 1rult OF
the next season will be Dorne on the
shoots of this season. which are pro-
5rced on wood of last seasons growth
II is usually desirable 10 remove etS
rn71ch of the old wood as IS possible
ard at the same time TO leave as much
of the new wood as the vine can sup
port with a thrifty and fruitful
growth.
The natural tendency of the vine IS
10 make its most vigorous grow IN
from the buds fartheSt from Its roots
and whatever method OF pruning or
training may be adopted, the ann
should be to cOnfine the growth very
near the root or main stem
In winter pruning, ordinary varle-
ties should have from one-haf TO
three-fOurths Of the enure vine CUT
sv-av. This work should be done be-
fore the buds begin to swell IN the
spring. Late pruning is better than
no pruning, but means q great loss OF
san which if the pruning mad been
5o1a in time would have performed
useful work in the vines development
summer pruning is Of great value
in shaping the vine, IN removing an
excess of fruit and making what Is
left larger and of better variety, and
$50 in making the next winters prun-
ing simpler and more satisfactory
Summer pruning snoQlu oeSlH oy tLe
removal of surplus shoots as soon as
the first growth starts IN the spring,
so the entire Strength OF the vine
may be used in the direction Where II
is wanted This should be repeated
two or three times al intervals OF
week or ten days All summer prun-
ing should be done so early IN the sea
son that no tools are needed for this
work and can be easily done with the
thumb and finger
The most simple form of trellis is
stake set at each vine. All SIronS
growing varieties should have UW0
Stakes The stakes should be four or
five feet in length and two or Inree Z
inches in diameter and OF aura pie /
wood One stake should be set Wheh I
the vines are planted ,5
The growth Of the first year snOuiu Z
he confined TO a single cane and Kept I
tied to the stake; the only pruning
will be to rub off any additional i
shoots which may start from near the /
Ground on the old wood 1t is deSlr-
able to force all the growth IN this 1
single cane.
Second Season
The next winter the vine should be /
cut so as to leave this cane not over
three feet in length From Two 70
four Of the side shoots may pc IeIt VII VIZ
two or three joints each and all others
removed The next spring SeNeral
shoots viii start from near the root
Select the best two and tie 10 Jhe
stake and remove all others as soon as
If two stakes are to be used. the
second should be set on the side OF the
vine opposite the first, ana the new
shoots should be trained 10 Jne new
stake while the old cane remains on
the old stake. The two shoots Whlch
are saved should have their tops
pinched OFF as soon as they reacu tAe
TOP Of the stake; this VIII lnuUce d
strong growth of the side DIaIicAtS-
The single cane from the previous !
season may produce a few clusters Oh
fruit. but should not be allowed 70 oedL
SO much as to check the vigorous
Growth of the new shoots; two or Ihfee
clusters on each spur VIII uSUallS NC
all the vine should support
Remember that at this stage the enI
in view is to promote the NlSoI AM
frame work Of the vine. II more 1ruit
Is left on the vine than it can support
and make a vigorous CROWN you " ~
nv many times over later on Tor TINS
first excess of fruit
The Next step.
At the end OF the season the OLD
cane should be cut off a little DeloN
the tops of the new ones. Inc laIteL
should be cut off a little below the
tons of the stakes, and from three 70
five spurs of two or three JOINTS go
should be left on each, and one OF IheIn
l.
this time on the winter pruning ana
training will be nearly the same eacA
year Two new shoots Shoulu oe a.
lowed TO grow from as near the EIOuLi3
% thew can be secured and the olu
canes cut away as near the ground as
DossfbIe. one of the new shoots ana one
If the old cranes being trained on
each stake nj ---,,;,,, oar,
he devised. but has some objections,
Other forms are the wire trelIls an
the canopy system, and these IeqtLiS
somewhat different methods OF prullLu7
and training. the descrlP tle no % v Ia
would take great deal or space anu
time. For a full description OF meInous
see Foundations o. American Crane
Culture." by the late Prof T. v
Nevv Preferred Varieties.
The varieties best suited to this sec
ton recurring the least amount OF care
and giving the largest yield OF the pes
fruit in my opinion, viii De nelIheL
American nor European, but crosses
from the two
The American grape has not the ap-
size or shipping quality OF
the European, and IS not Wen sultSu
IN most Of its varieties to our dry eli
mate. The European can be produced
here. and has been for a long time. the
Mission Muscat and Emperor. oelnS
perhaps the leading Var1etles OF TINS
LASS They have through long cult
vation.. and selection, become quite
hardy. vet they are usually hilied up n
winter, which requires a great deal OF
labor. and they also REQUIRE FORM o.
nruning not adapted 10 the highest
production. The crosses I speak OF are
from the best of both these classes
and have been selected. and VIII con-
-inue to be. for all the desirable quail