davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03
HOW LANGUAGE cHANcEs

Clos Angeles Tribune-)
 Some gentleman, whose muse began to stir before there had been a foun tain pen, or a typewriter, wrote this: Sumer is icumen in,
 Lhude sing cuccu;
 Groweth sed and bloweth med,
 And springeth the wude nu;
 Sing cuccu. And another, whose name, like that of the first has been lost to posterfty contributes this, the beginning of a poem of considerable length: Bytuene Mershe ant Averil,
 When spray beginneth to spring, The lutal foul hath hire wyl
 On hyre lud to synge; Ich libbe in love-longinge
 For semilokest of ale thynge, He may blisse bringe.
 Icham in hire handoun.
 The quotations serve to show that the language has changed, and, in some measure, the manner of it's Centuries have been re- quired to produce the present status. It is interesting, indeed, to browse the wide field Of letters and to observe the gradual and seemly transition from ancient forms. Words in common use are the eX- pressions of a natural growth such as must mark the language of any pro- gressive people. In instances in which still other changes would be an such changes will ar rive, but hardly, it is to be supposed, the ukaSe of a simplihed re- former. At least such has not been the method heretofore, and the Ian guage has been in use quite while.
 A
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

record for impartiality, and anybody can afford it's Thrice-a-Week edition. which comes every other day in the week, except Sunday. It will be of particular value to you now. The Thrice-a-Week World also abounds in other strong features, serial stories, humor, market, cartoons; in fact everything that is to be found in a first class daily.
 THE THRICE-A-WEEK WORLDS regular subscription price is only s1.o0 per year, and this pays for 156 papers. We offer this uneQualled newspaper and The Copper Era to- gether for one year for $2.50.
 The regular subscription price of the two papers is 33.50.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Decision in Tax case.-A decision of the state supreme court, at Phoe- nix last week, in the case involving the County of Greenlee and the Ari- zona' Copper company, and in regard to the affirmation of the decision of Judge Laine's court in September, 1912, that decision being a judgment against the company. The case was carried to the supreme court, with Stoneman & Ling, of Phoenix, as at torneys for the county, and Kibbey, Bennett & Bennett, of Phoenix, for the company. It is possible that this case will be advanced further it being possible to either ask a re- hearing, from the supreme court of the state, or to enter the case with the federal courts.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03
THE THRIcE-A-WEEk EDITION.
 os the NEW YORK WORLD
a Daily at the Price of a
 Weekly.

Practically a Daily at the Price Of a
 Weekly.
 No Other Newspaper Tn the World Gives So Much At So Low Price.
 This is a time of great events and you will want the news accurately and promptly. The Democrats, for the first time in sixteen years. have the Presidency and they will also control both branches Of Congress. The political news is sure to be of the most absorbing interest.
 There is 8 great war in the Ola World, and you may read of the ex- tfnctfon of ths vast Turkish Empire in Europe, just as few years ago you read how Spain lost her last foot C6 soil in America, after having ruled the empire of half the New World.
 The World long since established a
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

They Make You Feel Good.
 The pleasant purgatiye effect pro duced by Chamberlain's Tablets and the healthy condition of body and mind which they create make one feel joyful. For sale by all dealers.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

If there are Phoenix people still re- malning in California, they may be looked for to return very soon. With maximum of 80 degrees, there seems to be but little climatic excuse TOT them to remain there any longer, Exchange
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Sunday School 9:3O a. m. Morning service 11:00 a. m. Evening service 7:30 p. m. We welcome you at these services
 REV. CURRY H. LOVE
 Presbyterian Church
 North Clifton
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Return From Honeymoon Trip MT and Mrs. Roy Hagan returned last week from a honeymoon trip that included various interesting points, among them being Fl Paso, the Grand Canyon, and pleasure re- sorts in southern California. MT. and Mrs. Hagan are temporarily stopping at the Hotel Reardon, awaiting the completion of the resi- dence being built in Hills Addition for Mrs. Whipple, the mother of Mrs. Hagan, upon which they will occupy the residence with Mrs. Whipple. MT. and Mrs. Hagan have many friends who are still extend ing good wishes concerning their marriage several weeks since.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Here From oiia valIey.-A num- .bgr Of prominent citizens Of the towns in the lower GiIa valley were in Clifton last Saturday, for the pur- pose of meeting with friends, and incidentally to witness the Hall Kemp wrestling match. Among the party were Mitt Simms, F. Web ster and R. w. Smith.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03
y HEATING MINES TO SHIP
 ORE TO SMELTER- Manager

Grant of the Heating Copper Syndi- cate, reports that the company will soon begin, probably next week, the shipping of copper ore to the Shan non smelter. The first shipment, which is now accumulated at the mines, will total about two hun dred tons, and the expectations are that the monthly shipments follow ing the first shipment will average about one hundred tons. The con- pany contemplates material 1n- crease, within a few months, of the number of men employed, now about fifteen, after which the production of the mines will be largely increas- ed.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Mrs. Polly Whipple has returned rom visit to friends in the GiIa
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03
.eorge webste

MT. George Webster, for many years resident of Clifton, spent several days here recently, leaving Tuesday morning for El Paso. to which city he and his family recent ly removed.
The copper era and Morenci leader., 1913-10-03

Hon. w. R. Chambers, an attorney or SoIomonville, was in Clifton con cerning legal business this week
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

rectifcation and final preparation,
also the wholesale and retail trade.
should be a state monopoly. The en-
pire would be it's own saloonkeeper
The profits expected were 100000, 900
year. The state proposed to buy
from the private distillers raw spirit
at from $3.50 to $40 hectolitre, and
to sell it when ready at from $50 20
$40 hectolitre.
. This profitable plan was defeated.
The government was accused of ia
voring the distillers by proposing to
pay them too high price; experts
threw doubt on the estimate of $780,
100000 profit, and the old argument
was raised that the monopoly would
make many thousands of persons de-
pendent, as officials, on the mercy OF
the state. The Reichstag rejected the
bill. A dozen years later practically
the same bill came back to life, but
not in Germany. 1t came to life through
the energy and persistence of Russia S
finance minister, Sergius Julevitsch
Witte, and as Russia had no captiou5
Reichstag to oppose it, Whites great
drink monopoly bill became law with
out difficulty. 49,
Russia's drink monopoly is the envy
of finance ministers. 1t is all the more
envied because 1t had from the first
a certain moralist coloring. Finance,
Witte said, was not his only motive.
The state. through the monopoly
would be able to fight intemperanoe.
The vodka consumption would decline.
and from this the state might lose,
but If it lost 1t would be compensated
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

by higher yield from other forms
of taxation. Whites measure follows
the German plan. The state leaves all
the raw distillation of alcohol TO pri-
vate enterprise. The law, however
gives 1t the right to dstill If it can
not buy ready-made spirit at rea-
sonable price. The refining, rectifi-
cation and bottling are done in state
factories and nearly all the retail
trade is done in state Institutions
state saloons, without any consump-
tion on the premises. A fraction of the
retail sale is done in first class res
taurants, and here the vodka is sold
at a price fixed by the state, which
allows the restaurant a small commits
sion. Russians differ as to how far
Whites moral intent has been real
lied The consumption of vodka has,
in most provinces, increased since the
first state '1avki" were opened in
four Volga provinces in 1895; and as
a result of the rule against consump-
tion on the premises, drinking in the
open air has so increased that a spe-
ell law had to be passed against It,
The financial results are good. Seven
ty-three per cent of the gross takings
are net profit, and the annual amount
reaped by the state Is $500, 900,
which is nearly equal to the total bud
gets Of some great states. In addition
the state gets, as is pre- monopoly
days. the heavy excise tax. This result
keeps the notion of a drink monopoly
alive in Germany and Austria. In Ger
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
M. JUSTH

a capital of over s6,000,O0O. At first
the state tried the experiment of 1eas-
ing the monopoly to a private corpor-
alton at rental of $3,200,O00 a year,
but in 1890 the state started business
for itself and it has profited, for the
present net yield is $7,000,000 a year.
France has now six great state match
factories; and no private factories A
stiff tax is put on the various light
ing surrogates which have been in
vented as a result of the high price OF
the state product. Spain entirely pro-
hibits the import of foreign matche1.
She leases her match monopoly to
corporation and gets s2,000,000 year.
Portugal also leases her match mon-
opoly. The Greek, Servian and Ron-
manian match monopolies were all
copied from the French initiative.
The institution of a monopoly in
spurious liquors is the dream of every
European finance minister who finds
himself in difficulty. The reason is
that the minister sees In Russia the
one great continental state which has
at present no financial trouble, and
Russias position is entirely due to the
monopoly in vodka. AS a means of
balancing her finances Germany has
been aiming at drink monopoly for
80 years.
German. financiers complained that
the excise duty on drink brought in
much less than in other countries. The
government brought in bill which
left the distilling of raw brandy to
ri, 70 vi
but provided that the whole refining,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
Ho1U Socjalstic Japan Is Fonenting War

consumed with lust for conquest. We
are peaceful naticn and when we fought
with Russia 1t was only because we could
not honorably refuse to do So"
Prince Katsura denied that there was
any Ill-feeling in Japan toward the United
States. He said that Japan looked upon
America as its great and good friend and
that 1t was the hope or the government
that the relations of the two countries
would always be friendly. He said that
any war between Japan and the United
States would involve the whole world, and
what the world needed was peace rather
than war.
At that time Prince Katsura wrote me
out a message for the United States, and
l printed a facsimile of it in one of my
letters | have the original before me. 1t
consists of some Japanese characters
beautifully written in the hand of his ex-
cellency on a wide strip of white silk 1t
is signed with the seal of the marquis
Translated it is:
For Japan and the United States mu-
tual friendship and mutual harmony"
1t was sentiments like that that caused
Katsura to lose his job. The mob went
against him, and they terrorized the EN-
peror to such an extent that he asked
Katsura to resign. Katsura did so and
tried to organize new party, a party of
peace rather than war. He found. how
ever, that this war spirit and this social
istic element were stronger than he and
1t was for this reason that he withdrew
from public life. He remained in seclu-
sion until his death a few weeks ago
1t was at this same time that l met
Prince Yamagata, the great general and
statesman. He was to Japan what Grant
was to the United States. He was the
organizer of the Japanese army, and it
was his military ability that did much to
make it one of the greatest fighting ma
chimes of modern times. Yamagata dep
recated the military spirit which was
growing In Japan. Said he:
I'VE do not want to be considered a
warlike nation and we hope to continue
our national life along the lines of peace,
not war. Our military establishment has
been created for defense. and not for con-
quest and we hope that the time will
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

up through generations which has en-
abled them to do so. This reverence still
exists. but it Is question as to whether
1t is not on the wane. It was owing to the
veneration for the Mikado that the really
great men who have acted as his advisers
for the past have been able to introduce
the western civilization. 1t was they who
laid out the plans for the great country
of today and carried them out to sue
cessful conclusion.
Among the more famous of the men
were such as Prince Ito. Innouye, Count
Okuma and others. Prince Katsura, who
died a month or SO ago, was of the same
class, and so was Prince Yamagata, who
was at the head of the army when l was
last in Japan. 1 have met all of these
men from time to time during my travels
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

country is honeycombed with schools and
universities and many of the graduates
of the colleges have hoped to either get
places under the government or be law
yers, doctors, engineers and what not.
The supply for such professions has been
greater than the demand and a large
part of the surplus has devoted itself to
political agitations and socialistic fomen-
tation. The Japanese are naturally high
spirited and excitabe, and between this
element and the sensational newspaper
and anti-government and war following
has been growing by leaps and bounds
Indeed. the great wonder is that the
Emperor and the elder statesmen have
been able to handle the Japanese people
as they have. 1t is only the reverence
for the Emperor which has been built
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
The Wirless Telephone

The wireless telephone system of J.
II. Reinecke, of Bochum, Westphalia,
not only supplies mines with an eco
nomical means of signaling, which may
prove of extraordinary Importance in
emergency, but by portable instruments
1t may serve the cages and inaccess-
ible parts of the works. says the New
Orleans Times-Democrat. The instru-
ments are like those used in ordinary
telephony The novelty of the system
consists in attaching each of the instru-
ments by two wires to a buried metal
plate or to some metal of the mine,
such as the rail or the water pipes,
and thus making the IN ne itself replace
the usual wire transmitting line. The
satisfactory results given by this sys-
tenn at the Dnnington colliery, South
Yorkshire have attracted much atten-
tion. In this mine two instruments
have been placed at points about 1000
yards apart, and the portable instru-
ments-weighing about 20 pounds each
make 1T possible to communicate with
the fixed stations from any part of the
mine by attaching the two wires to any
metal at hand
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
The Verdict

A highly respectable and prosperous
Georgia farmer discovered that his corn
cribs showed signs of nocturnal depletion.
AS this occurred with considerable. reg
ularity his suspicious became aroused,
and he rugged up spring gun and
watched for results. The first night fol-
lowing, along in the small hours, he
heard the report of the gun, and, hasten
ing to the spot, found a dead nigger,''
says the Argonaut Magazine. The next
morning he notified the coroner, which Of
fetal summoned jury and proceeded
to view the remains. After a full in
vestigation of the case the coroner gazed
solemnly at the jury and remarked that.
while he was not entirely aware of the
conclusions reached by it, he would sug-
gest verdict of involuntary suicide .
And that was the verdict.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

the emperor came out of his seclusion
and took hold of the government the
fighting men were out of a job Some
of them got places in the new administra-
ton, some went into private life and took
up industries of one kind or another,
and not a few sat and sulked. 1t is
descendants of these men who are fo-
menting much of the trouble today |
was told that some of them had attached
themselves to politicians and that few
of the Sosh had organized into bands
where they worked together for their own
mutual benefit. I was told that they were
not fond of foreigners and that they were
the basis of the anti-foreign element OF
the country. Not few came from the
overeducated of the young Japan. Ihou-
sands of young japanese have prepared
themselves to enterSthe PROFESSIONS. Inc
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
Crazed by Cost of Living

Columbus, o., November S.-(Special) }
The steadily increasing high cost Of liv-
Ing threatens to compel Ohio to build
more asylums to house its breadwinners
who are worried into insanity through
inability to make both ends meet" Re-
ports of the state board of administra-
tion to Governor Cox show that over 13
per cent of the 1899 Oiiioans whose mem
tality weakened last year suffered because
of causes akin to financial trouble-over-
work, worry and nervous exhaustion.
Statistics of the occupations of those
admitted show that more and more per-
sons in walks of life where the remunera-
tion is not great are committed each year
-laborers, mechanics, miners painters
and carpenters. The percentage of pro-
fessional inmates has correspondingly de-
crea sed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

through the Japanese empire and have
had heart to heart talks with many of
them. They are all of extraordinary abil-
ity, and many who would have made their
mark in any nation or in any government.
It was in 1909 that 1 had a long inter-
view with Prince Katsura, who was then
the premier of the Japanese empire. He
was also secretary of the treasury, and
was doing all that he could to bring
Japan out of its financial troubles. Prince
Katsura had command of division In
the Chinese-Japanese war. and he was
war minister during the troubles with
Russia. He told me that he did not like
to be considered a military hero. Said
he:
Il am for peace. peace, always peace.
1t is wrong to look upon the japanese as
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
And Now See

From the Boston Trnscript
Mrs. Scrappington-"Oh. let the young
people fiirt If they want to. 1 don't believe
flirting ever brought harm to anybody
Sappington-"You forget. That's how
you and / began. by flirting
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
copyrighted, 1918, by Frank G. Car
penter)

Copyrighted, 1918, by Frank G. Car
penter)
Washington. d. c.
"HE death of Prince Katsura has re-
moved another of the elder states
i men who have so long formed the
advisory of the emperor and have IN
fact controlled the policy of Japan. 1t is
+" a question how long his majesty and the
lmen who are left can hold the people IN
check. I have just received confidential
letter from an eminent authority in To"
kio. describing the unrest among the Jap
anese masses. The enormous appropri-
ations for the extraordinary expenses or
the government and the colonies, have
brought in a reign of high prices which
shows no sign of decrease. At the end
of the Japanese war it was promised
that expenditures would be reduced and
the military establishment cut down.
Nothing of the kind has been done.
On the contrary the cost of the govern
ment has increased, and during the com
ing wear the expenses are to be something
like ss5 million yen. This is equal to more
than five dollars gold for every man, wo-
man and child in the country. or an
average of S25 per family. In many To-
calities the farmers are working Tor 20
or aO cents a. day and there are women
employed in the factories who do not
get more than 10 or 90 cents for 10 or L
hours work.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23
Pat and the Frogs

FROM the LOulSVlll6 HeTdiu
Nimrod-Did you ever catch Frogs
Pat?
Pat-Faith, Oi did sir
Nimrod-What did you bait with?
-Begorry, / bate EN- with a sthick.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

In addition to the cost of the army
Is that of the navy, which now ranks
among the strongest of the world. The
expenses for this are now about $20.000 900
q year. The Japanese government
has also large shipbuilding yards and
armor factories. 1t is making its own
guns and building and equipping its own
men-of-war, and at the same time sub
sidizng merchant ships. Nearly every
great Japanese steamer which goes to
Europe, America, Australia and Bombay
gets more or less money from the public
treasury, and there are factories which
are subsidized in one way or other.
At the same time the public debt
steadily increases. 1t, now amounts to
more than 1900 million dollars, or about
s125 per family. There is also great deal
of private Indebtedness and it is said that
s5 per cent of the farmers are paying in
terest on mortgages.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-11-23

The Japanese army, on a peace nasis'
noninally amounts to 225,00o men or about
twice as many as we have In the United
States. 1t is really much larger, for every
boy is now forced into the ranks and
there are reserve forces like those or
Germany. The islands are divided INTO
military districts corresponding to the di-
visions of the army. and each division
has recruits in its own district. Liability
to service begins at the age of II and the
actual service commences at 20. The to-
tai strength of the field forces just now
amounts to about 100000 men. This Is
fully one-tenth of the whole population,
and at the same ratio we would have
about 100000 American troops. The
army in equpping this enormous force,
and the taking of several hundred thou
sand productive workers out of the ranks
of industry has a serious effect upon the
productiveness of the Japanese nation.
The army last year cost 100000 yen.