davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20

when a gust of wind exposes the
stocking under her walking skirt,
but who an hour later may be seen
extended her full length on the
beach clad in a bathing suit?
This comparison affords con-
vincing illustration Of the fundamen-
tai fact of ethics. that in the last an
alysis morals are nothing more nor
less than customs. Whatever sane
ton morals may later derive from
what we are pleased TO call absolute
right, the fact remains that in ethics
whatever is is right"
In it's origin modesty was an in
stinct based on fear, prompting the
individual to protect her body from
the approach Of stranger. In the
course of time the only protection
needed by the woman was that
against the sight Of the stranger, and
inasmuch as clothing came to SYM
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20
r.oTo
skirt Photo Taken the Actors Society


bolize this protection, modesty Is the
characteristic of the person who
avails herself Of this protection and
conforms to conventional ideas Of
dress SO far as they concern the ex-
posure Of her body to disrespectful
glances. Modesty as we know it to-
day is only an outgrowth of conyen-
tionS.
If we accept this definition Of
modesty, we are, however, forced to
say that many OF the recent innova-
tons in woman's dress as we'll as
the movements of the turkey trots
and tango dances are distinctly i'm
modest.
Woman herself has decreed that
only very limited portion of her
figure shall be exposed to public
gaze. Eve adopted the fig-leaf apron
Of her own volition, and her daugh-
ters in various chimes have made
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20

whatever additions they pleased to
the original outfit. In our own
country the limits OF exposure are
well defined. although varying con-
siderably with the occasion. Es-
thetic considerations reduce the up
per limits in the ballroom. Con-
venience and freedom OF movement
curtail the lower limits in the in
terest of the woman athletically
inclined A rainy day we compla-
Gently allow to play havoc with all
our traditions. But with these and
other minor exceptions, the require
ments of modesty in dress are pref
ty definitely fixed, and may not be
transgressed with impunity.
So far we have been concerned
only with establishing the TACT that
tmmodesty in dress and socia!
amusements actually exists. The
important consideration then Is to
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20

To be more precise on one i'm
portant point, woman should never
wear anything which startles her
friends or the public Exposure
which eXcites no surprise is harm.
less. We will now apply ph!losophic
methods Of inquiry
AS to the first point involved
that of modcsty-lt must be said,
from the philosophical point OF view,
that II is an extremely complex
and contradictory quality. SO many
elements enter into it that the same
situation or the same act may prove
to be either the very essence of pro-
priety or the gravest offense against
decency. II all depends. Maude
Adams. for example, as Peter Pan,
may display her neither limbs"
On the stage to thousands every
night without for a moment even
raising suggestion OF impro-
priety. But let her appear on the
street in the same costume, thinly
yelled with skirt OF Nimsy silk and
her reputation for modesty would be
gone within an hour.
The fact is that although we as.
sociate nodcs,y with clothing, mod
esty is not primarily nor essentially
matter OF clothing at all Con-
versely the mere quantity or style
OF clothing is not in itself q safe
index TO the modesty OF the wearer.
When custom prcscribcs or occasion
demands. the amount OF conceal
ment afforded by clothing may vary
within extremely wide limits with
out offending decency. The woman
who escapes from a burning build
ing clad only in her night dress. or
perhaps with the very last thread
OF clothing burned from her body,
is every whit as modest as the
woman who is gowncd from head
10 foot.
1t Is asserted by students OF eth
nology that among savage tribes.
where practically no clothing what
ever is worn, the women in their
own peculiar way exhibit as keen
sense OF nodesty as is TO be found
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20

in any civilized
country. A trav.
eller in Central
Australia states
that when he de-
sired to take a
photograph Of a
group Of young
women they were
very coy at the
proposal to re-
move their scanty
garments, and re-
tired behind a
wall to do SO;
but once in a
state of nudity
they made no OBJ
lection TO expos
ure TO the camera.
The distinction
made by these
women may seem
an exceedingly
fine one from our
point Of view. But
what shall we say
OF the woman who
exhibits genuine
G m b ar raSSment
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20
by Prof. David Edgar Rice
Phi. D., Columbia University,
The Distinguished Psychologist.

NC TdJCnOIOSl6t.
~ ECENT startling innova.
X tons in women's dress have
- " inevitably attracted the at.
tention OF preachers and guardians
Of public morality. These moral
leaders have felt compelled TO de.
nounce the fashions they have seen
as Turing young men into bad habits
and even TO ruin.
Eccentric fashions and daring e1.
posures have followed one another
with such rapidity that in this Sum.
mer season we must ask ourselves,
How far is this to go? Women OF
the most refined society wear skirts
moderately slashed at the ankles.
Young girls Of less social position,
thinking to make themselves popu.
lar. have their skirts slashed still
higher. We.-ha|e, heard 1t said that
# Newt York girls wear skirts
slashed to the knee, Chicago girls
will wear them with two slashes
higher than the knee
A remarkable fashion called the
"chemise exposee" has found many
followers II IS designed to reveal
a garrknt that we always thought
was meant TO be concealed. Still
more outrageous is the so-called *
ray gown" which was worn quite
conspicuously at that breeding place
o. fashions. the Chantilly races in
France.
This costume is certainly moro
startling than any slashed skirt can
be. II has elements Of violent sur
prise. Seen in one light it appears
perfectly staid while in another il
offers a revelation that fairly takes
the breath away.
Such things as these merit the at
tention Of philosophic sociologists
and should be discussed nationally
and not in spirit which would seek
10 suppress the color, decoration and
innocent gayety OF life Certainly
the young man OF to-day living in a
great city is exposed 10 extraordin.
airy temptations. The cost OF living
makes home life. with its simple
pleasures, unattractive or impossi-
bic TO attain. The youth is drawn
towards external amusements, which
soon come 70 spell dissipation 1t is q
wicked shame, we are told, that the
dress o! ostensibly respectable WON
en- should give him an extra impulse
In the wrong direction.
Let Us ask ourselves in the Ugh,
OF philosophy how far a woman 1:
Justified IN following new fashions
that expose the person and how tal
the present fashions are a cause O
Generalization. After examining al
the facts and arguments hav,
come 10 these conclusions:
!. That modesty is an outgrowtl
OF conventions.
2. That prevailing fashions, in a
far as they work havoc with tn,
conventions in which VIC have beer
reared, are immodest
a 3. That fashions found immodes
under the second head are caus
OF decentralization.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20

find out the exact
nature Of the harm
that arises from 1t. II ~
Is conceivable, II modesty
means only conformity to
the conventions of dress. that
any style might become modest
by being adopted by sufficiently
large number of women. and this Is
what has actually happened In many
Instances. But 1t happens that the
practises we are discussing here
touch the very heart OF social life.
The human form. both male ana
female, is admittedly beautiful from
the artistic point Of view, and IL
esthetic enjoyment alone resulted
from It's display. the matter would
not be a serious one. But through
the mechanism of instinct, which Is
a part Of our original nature and
beyond the conscious control OF any
human being, however good his In.
tenuons may be. the beauty of the
human figure is inseparably asso-
ciated with the sexual impulse. and
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-20
BY Rev. George w. Grinton

Pastor Of tho Fordham Methodist
Episcopal Church, Now York City.
STTHE lmmodest dress and unbe.
coming poses Of young women
often goad young men to
fury. II girl escapes tho flames,
tho man does not, for nIne tlmes out
OF ten he makes his way to the Red
Light or the White Light district.
Who 10 to blame? No reasonable
person can have any doubt about
tho aneWer.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21

is Sometimes Most Economical Way
Home in Road 5uiIding.

| The average life of horses and au
tomobiles may be increased and the.
cost of hauling reducedy according to
the Office of Roads, of the Govern
ment Department of Agriculture, by
relocating many old roads and the
more scientific laying out of : new
ones. The natural tendency in road
building is to build straight road,
whether it goes over steep grades or
hills, or not, and pulling over these
grades naturally adds to the wear
and tear on horses and vehicles.
+. The doctrine of the Office of Roads
is that the longest way around may
often be the shortest and most eco
nomical way home, and that frequent
ly by building a highway around a
hill or grade, but little appreciate
than offset by the reduced strain of
hauling.
The chief drawback from the far
mer's point of view is that the laying
out of roads on this principle of
avoiding. grades necessitates, in some
cases, running the road through
good farm land or orchards or past
ures, instead of going around the
farm line and building the road
through old wornout fields and over
rocky knobs. This, of course, may
raise a question in the mind of the
individual land owner as to whether,
the cutting up of his property by a
road yields him individual advant-
ages and so benefits his community
as to Offset the use OF such land for a
road, or to overcome the incOnveni-
ence of having his land divided. In
this connection the Office if Roads
points out that the running of a road
and the" resulting traffic through
good farm, where there are good
sheep, cattle, horses, grain, fruit, or
vegetables, has a certain advertising
value and in many instances makes
the land more valuable. In other
cases, the Importance of such a level
road to community is so great that
1t might well repay those using the
road to give the farmer the equiva-
lent IN land equally good in place of
what he has sacrificed to the common
welfare.
At any rate the Office of Roads, is
now taking special pains to make
clear the economic advantage of
avoiding steep grades in their roads,
even at some sacrifice of better land.
investigation shows that the laying
of such roads over hills has resulted
more form attention to the preserva-
,t1on of farm lines than from scien-
tlflc attention to the problem of
road building.
According to the testimony of far
mers' consulted, where a horse might
be able to pull 1000 pounds on a
level road, it would have difficulty in
pulling 5000 pounds up a steep hill.
The size Of the load, therefore, tends
to be measured by the grade of the
largest hill on the road to market.
In number of cases of actual exper-
lment shows that the relocating of
roads around hills has been accom-
pllshed, either with no addition in
length of the road in some instances,
and with the adding of only a few
feet to the highway II others. The
Office knows of no case of a proper
ly relocated road which has cut out
grades has led to any question as to
its material reduction of hauling
COSTS
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
NEARLY EVERY CHILD
HAS WORMS

Paleness, at times a flushed face,
unnatural hunger, picking the nose,
great thirst, etc., are indications of
worms. Kickapoo Worm Killer is a
reliable, thorough medicine for the
removal of all kinds of worms from
children and adults Kickapoo Worm
Killer in pleasant candy form, aids di-
gestion, tones system, overcoming
constipation and increasing the action
OF the liver. Is perfectly safe for
even the most delicate children. The
KickapoO Worm Killer makes chill
dren happy and healthy Csc. Guar
anteed. Try it. Drug stores or by
mail. kickapoo Indian Medicine
Co., Philadelphia- and St. Louis.
Nov (adv)
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
LET YOUR CHILDREN
PLAY ALL THEY WANT TO

In the December Woman's Home
Companion Dr. Roger H. bennett,
New York physician who is an expert
in the care and treatment of children,
writes an article entitled "HOw to
Make Babies Better" Following is
an extract in which DR.. bennett gives
his ideas of exercise for children:
1T seems to be the idea of some
mothers to suppress their children in
their play, with the idea that it is for
their good. | cannot understand
why this suppression is SO popular
because l believe that throughout
childhood there are few exceptions to
the rule that a child should be al
lowed to be as active as he wishes.
Not, long ago | asked a mother whose
child did not seem to be in the best
oflhealth if she was very active in her
play. The mother replied that the
child was very lively, indeed, but that
she was not allowed to run when she
was out Of doors for fear of getting
overheated, there was so much danger
of her catching cold afterward. This
is not at all unusual, for | meet this
suppression almOs every day Such
mothers should learn that their chill
dren are far more apt to catch cold
when they do not get the proper
amount of exercise than when they
| are allowed to run and play all they
| like. Let your children be as lively
as they wish and play to their hearts
content. If they are not naturally
active encourage them in fondness
! for games. Most of us have caught
the spirit of the fresh air treatment,
and it would be well if we could learn
that exercise is just as important
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
Ses5Ns|
Special Rates E Excursions.


Round trip Winter Tourists to all
principal winter resorts in Alabama,
Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Missis-
sippi, South Carolina and Havana,
Cuba, on sale daily Oct. 1, 1913, until
April 80, 1914, with final limit May 81,
1914; also to principal winter resorts
in Texas and New Mexico, on sale
daily Nov. 1, 1913, ITO April 80, 1914,
with final limit May 81, 1914. Liberal
stopovers allowed on ali winter tour
list tickets. Also low round trip
Homeseekers' tickets to points in Ari-
IONA, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri,
New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Ala
bama, Florida, Mississippi, Colorado,
Kansas, Montana, Nevada North Da-
kota, South Dakota and Clifornia on
sale first and third Tuesdays of each
month, final limit IS days from date
of sale, stopovers allowed in Home
seekers territory. For further infor-
nation, call no or address,
w. n. HARRIS, Agent.
T. X. SMITH, 7. A.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
Importation of Cigars.

The cigar early became an article
of commerce. Homemade cigars were
smoked by Europeans in the North
American colonies at the same time
that pipe smoking became common.
Cigars were brought into the Ameri-
can colonies and into the United
States from the West Indies much earl
Ter than the records show. They came
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
LUKE McLUkE SAYS:
Cincinnati Enauirer.l

Lots Of people who have good sense
in other ways never seem to know
when a player piano record has been
worked to death.
The old-fashioned boy whose idea
of Wealth was to own goat with a
real harness now has son VINO
would turn up his nose at anything
smaller than a six-cylinder roadster.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-11-21
After a Day Of Rest.

One reason why Tuesday papers are
so much more cheerful than Monday
papers is that the list of killeG and
injurAd is SO much shorter
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02
pRocToRs, BOOK cAULLET PLAY

According to the latest theatrical
news, John j. Caullet's one-act play,
1.-The Trial of Mary" has been
booked by the Proctors. Considera-
BILE interest is manifested in Mr.
Caullet's plays because he is not only
well known locally, but throughout
the State. Mr. Caullet is perhaps
best known hereabouts as the man
who developed East Orange terrace
and Tuxedo Park He is also an
after dinner speaker and lecturer,
His work as a playwright is being
watched with much interest
1.-The Trial of Mary begins an en-
gagement this afternoon in Eliza
beth. It will probably be played in
Newark in the near future.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02
GIRLS AS "FLUNKlES"

LONDON, June 1.-THE stalwart,
powdered fiunkies, who have so long
graced the homes of England,
threaten to become a disappearing
type. Whether the suffrage move
ment is responsible is not determined.
Lady st. Heller is one of the first to
substitute parlor maids for footmen,
and she dresses them in neat gray
frocks set off with dainty caps and
aprons. The Dowager Lady Carlisle,
a stanch suffra gist, declares she will
have no more men in her service,
and is stating not only her house
with women but is also engaging
gardssnnnSses, a chauffeuse. and so
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02

investigation department OF Scotland
Yard, who recently retired. reveals
the fact that the mysterious muir
derer, Jack. the Ripper" who killed
seven women in the East End, Lon
don. in 1883. and whose end remained
a mystery until now. committed sui
eide in November CT that year
Il have a very clear idea who he
was and how he committed suicide. Il
said MacHaughton. but that and
other secrets viii never be revealed
by me-"
He adds that no record exists % the
secret information he possessed dur
ing his connection with the service.
and he says he viii not writs 49,
"reminiscences.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02

the prisoners is not as cruel and in
human as that set forth Id the re-
ports on the other prisons, there is
still much room for Improvement at
the Dannemora institution, the COM
missioner points out.
The industrial department at Clin-
ton prison has been incompentently
and improperly managed, according
to Mr.. Blakes report. Regarding this,
the report reads:
IAN examination of the books of
the Industrial department shows
that the industries have been incom-
petently and improperly managed
There is no adequate return for the
labor of the men employed; there is
sometimes a loss on the products
and, at the very best, the profits
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02

earned are altogether out of proper
ton to the total value of the goods
manufactured.
Warden Kaiser is not to blame for
this, says Mr.. Blake. The blame is
placed on Colonel Scott, former SUI
perintendent of prisons, and Fred
erick H. Mills. former sales agent in
the prison department. Both Of
these men have been recently de-
posed from their positions. Referring
to Warden Kaiser, the report says
mo control whatever was given
him over the industrial department.
that was handled entirely by Colonel
Scott and Frederick H Mills, who
was recently sales agent in the
prison department. There are bad
spots in the prison. but the warden
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02

frankly admitted them and made no
attempt to belittle them or to cover
them up He sought on the other
hand. to talk about them. and he
displayed eagerness to do what he
could to get rid of them.
Il am of the opinion that Warden
Kaiser strives to conduct the prison
along honest and decent lines. He
is kindly active and humane"
A scathing arraignment of Scott
and Mills follows.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02
NEW WORKERS INJURED
IN WESTERN TRAIN WRECK

MOORHEAD, Mimi. June 2.-Engi-
neer Frank French was killed, ms
fireman was seriously injured and SIX
passengers were badly cut and
bruised when the Oriental Limited
ON the Great Northern Road, was
wrecked at crossing here last
night.
The engine, baggage car, smoking
car and mail car left the rails and
turned over. The passengers in the
dining car were thrown 70 the floor
by The impact. Among those IN
tured were Mr.. and Mrs. A. $. Woot-
ter Of New York
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02
NEW YORK
PRISON CONDEMNED

ALBANY, N. Y, June I'm re-
port to Governor Sulzer yesterday.
George w. Blake, special commits
sioner appointed to investigate pris-
ons and reformatories, discloses a
situation In Clinton prison, at Dan
nemora, N. ", closely akin to that
revealed In Auburn prison and Sing
Sing. Although the treatment OF
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-02
JACK THE RIPPER HE
SAYS, KILLED HIMSELF

London. June 2-sir Melville
MacNaughtcn, chief Of the criminal
The Prescott daily news., 1913-09-20
SETS DYNAMITE OFF IN BED
INDIANA MAN, INSANE, TRIES TO
 DESTROY HIS FAMILY.
Blast Tears His Body to Bits, Kills One Daughter, Fatally Injures An
 other and Wrecks House.

Bloomington, Ind, Sept. 20.-Hoping to wipe out his family, Mac Hurst, an insane stonemason, 49 years old, load ed himself down with dynamite, crept into a room in which slept his three daughters, Maude, 16 years old Fan nie, Is, and Elizabeth, 6, and blew himself to bits and instantly killed the eldest girl. Fannie was burned painfully, but not fatally, and lacerat- ed. The youngest child suffered a badly mangled leg and may die.
 "Irene, we'll all die together" ex- claimed Hursr, when he entered his daughters room, thinking he had en- tered the chamber where slept his wife, Mrs. Irene Hurst, 40, and her two young sons. They were in an other room and escaped with no in juries.
 Hurst had been adjudged insane three weeks ago, but had never shown any violence. He was awaiting com. mitment to a state hospital for the in sane. Whisky was the official reason given for his condition.