davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21
ak@@s and the M@xicams Fought i'm 1916


our stores and provide against a sur
prise"
Why did you go yourself? Why not
send one of your aids?''
You see, senator. everything depended
on our not having our supplies cut of, and
l wanted to see for myself"
How was it next morning." said the
senator.
About the same as the night before"
said Gen. Taylor, and stopped
Who was the first man you metz"
Gen. Wool"
And what did he saw"
He said. All is lost
What did you reply?"
Maybe so. general. We'll see And
then We went to fighting again and fit all
that day and toward night il looked bet
ter" Here Gen. Taylor stopped again.
although the senator waited impatiently
for more. and finally asked:
What next?"
well. next morning II was reported to
me that Santa Anna and all his men had
disappeared in the night, and l can tell
you | was devilish glad to be rid of them
so
II was in these engagements that Gen.
Grant then a second lieutenant. figured.
Grant says the war was unjust. jefferson
Davis was in command of a regiment of
Mississippi volunteers at the battle of
Monterey and Gen. Robert T.. Lee be
gan his services In Mexico there with
Gen. Wool. Lee was afterward transfer
red TO the army of Vera Cruz and served
so we'll there that he rose to be colonel
The first fighting in southern Mexico
was at Vera Cruz and the ommander-
in-chief was Gen. Winfield Scott, who led
the army from there over the mountain
and on to Mexico City. Scott had 12,o0t
men and the Mexicans had only 5000. but
Vera Cruz was protected by the fortifica-
tons of San Juan de Ulloa in the harbor
and they thought this was a sufficient de-
Tense for the city. Scott attacked the city
from the land side. and he was able &c
land his whole army without opposition.
He disembarked on the 9th of March, and
two weeks later both the city and fort
surrendered.
The Americans then started on their
march up the mountains. They had gone
about sixty miles when they entered the
Cerro Gordo pass, and there fought the
battle of that name, taking 5000 prison
ers, generals and 40 cannon. They then
climbed their way on over the mountains
and on to the city of Puebla, which is
situated on the plateau about seventy
five miles from the capital. Pueba has
now over 100000 inhabitants, and 1t is
one of the industrial centers of Mexico.
1t has great cotton mills and a number
of factories. 1t has beautiful residences
and one of the finest cathedrals of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21
am Battl@Gi@lds---Spots Where the Yankees an

and lives would be enormously greater
and il would result. | believe. in our TAX
ing over the balance Of the country
either a 5 a protectOfate or as part of
the Union.
All this is by way OF introduction. 1t
is a far cry from the Mexico of today
10 that of 1916 The difference in time
is siXty-seven years. and the differences
in condition are beyond conception. In
1916 Mexico was thinly populated 1t had
but few roads and no railroads. Much
Of the war was waged In the DESERT our
soldiers marched upon foot and their
supplies were carried on the backs OF
mules and In wagons. They had TO un-
dergo the greatest of hardShipS. At
times the armies were decimated by dis
ease and when Gen. Scott marched
from Puebla TO attack Mexico City he
left at least one-fourth of his whole
army in the hospitals of the former city.
fought in the north. They took place
near the mouth of the Rio Grande, and
Gen. Zachary TAYLOR, who was after
ward made President of the United
States for his services. was there in
command. The two first great battle
fields We're close to Brownsville. Texas.
a city which is now the center of a
farming community, and is connected
by railroad with all parts of the United
States. II was then known as Fort
Brown. and was one of our outpoStS on
the frontier. having only garrison of
about 900 Americans. When the Mexi-
cans besieged it ii had eighteen can
non known as six-pounders, and its
ammunition was short.
1t was to relieve Fort Brown that
Gen. Taylor was marching when the
first two battles of the war occurred.
lie had been sent by the national gov
eminent to Corpus Christi in 1S45 with
orders TO repel any invasion of Texan
territory. and it was in March. 1876, that
he was directed to cross into the dis
puted territory between the Nueces and
the Rio Grande rivers The Mexicans
warned him TO keep off. and upon his
starting Gen. Arista. in command Of
the Mexican forces. notified Gen. Taylor
that he considered war to have been be-
gun by our country.
a little later Fort Brown was be-
sieged. and Gen. Taylor was started to
its relief. lie first met the Mexican
army Al Palo Alto. within eight miles
Of Brownsville. Gen. Taylor had 1000
men and $50 wagons, and Gen Arista
had 6.SG0 Mexicans. of which $40 were
cavalry. The battle lasted five hours,
and resulted in an American victory.
Forty of the Yankees were killed and
wounded, while the Mexicans lost more
than six times many.
The next fight was within three miles
OF fort Brown. In d ravine, at ReSaca de
la Palma. This engagement took place on
the day following the battle of Palo Alto,
and Taylor again was victorious. More
than |. 900 Mexicans were killed or wound
United States that the war with Mexico
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

world When Scott reached there It had
about 10000 population and there was a
great army awaiting him at Mexico City.
In the meantime he had had sickness
among his men in coming over the noun
tains. Seven Of his regiments had been
discharged and the American forces bad
been reduced to a little over 1000 nearly
half of whom were recruits.
Scott left $500 of his troops. including
the sick and wounded, in Puebia. and
with the balance marched upon Mexico
City, where he knew an army OF about
five times his own force awaited him.
He had only about 800. while the MeXi-
cans had 36.00o.
He came over the mountains and down
into the little valley where lies Mexico
City. He skirted the lakes and met the
enemy first at Churubusco and where
he gained great victory He fought the
MeXicans again at Molina del Rey. and
again before the Castle of Chapultepec.
where the President OF Mexico now lives.
He was victorious everywhere. and on
the 18th of September the Mexican army
evacuated and he triumphantly entered
the capital.
During his operations In the valley oe
Mexico Cen. SCOTS total losses were
2.fO3 men. including 3s3 officers.
The Mexicans lost more than 1000 in
killed and wounded and we took over
300 prisoners OF war. Scott remained
in Mexico for some time. He had his
headquarters in Mexico City, where his
troops were reinforced to an aggregate
of 10000 men
1t was on February .. 1S4s. that the
MeNicanS made peace. The conference
was held just outside the capital, near
the shrine of Guadalupe and under the
shadow of its Sacred Virgin. who 10 tina
patron saint Of the Mexicans. II Is said
that the Mexieans prayed to the Virgin
to bring about peace. and that MANY
among them believed that it came
through her intercession.
During my stay i'm Mexico visited
Chapultepec. churubusco and Molino
del Rey. The localities Of the fighting
can easily be found. and under the
great trees at Chapultepec the spot IL
pointed out where the young Mexican
cadets fought so bravely in defense OF
their country. / also visited Guadalupe
HidalSo, where the peace treaty was
signed. 1T is three miles from the cap
ital and may be reached by street car.
This place is still the most visited or
any of the Mexican shrines. IL has
hundreds of thousands of pilgrims who
go there every year to worship, ana the
people of today have as much faith In
the efficacy of the Virgin of Guadaloupe
as they had when they prayed to her
to bring pity into the hearts OF the
Yankees. FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

about it. All Of which annoyed the editor
a bit
Then. in March last year. a socialist
state convention was held at Seattle. o.
{. Fenlason kindly old inventor and
philosophical socialist was a delegate
from Mr.. Johnson's home town of Ho-
GUAM. When Fenlason, early in the pro-
ceedings. offered a resolution directing
that the American flag be draped along
side the red flag that hung over the chair
mans rostrum n riot ensued. 1t resulted
in Fenlason being chucked bodily out of
the hall, along with his resolution.
Up to this time Mr.. Johnson hadn't
taken any particular attitude toward So
c1alism In his paper, but this incident sent
him skyrocketing the subject. OF
straight American ancestry, a Son of the
American Revolution. Mr. Johnson OBJ
jected to the conventions attitude toward
the American flag He used some Ian
guage to express his ideas editorially.
A few days later the l. w w. which
had had its organizers In the sawmills
and in the adjacent logging camps, start
ed a mill workers strike in Hoouiam
Some 20 or % per cent Of the men-most-
ly unskilled labor-went out, as Mr.. john
son explains, while the remaining en-
ployes. mostly skilled men. owning their
own homes. desired to work. The usual
strike and picketing scenes resulted.
Mr.. johnson In his paper denounced the
strikers. Finally he brought about a citi-
zens movement that resulted in the nam
ing Of citizens committee to "open the
streets" Each committeeman had as a
badge Of office two-handed hickory club
His business was to discourage interfer-
ence by pickets with those workers who
wanted to work. The strike was broken
presently. Also few heads
After this came the attempted boycott
on Mr.. Johnson's paper and his candidacy
for Congress. 1t was single handed
candidacy. for no influential interest or
faction wanted to tie up with him. figur-
ing that he was going to lose anyway.
But his earnestness, his enthusiasm, the
mass Of facts and figures he presented to
support his attacks on social revolution
lists, and the attractive manner in which
he presented them. did the work.
And now Johnson is in Washington, con-
tinuing as he can his warfare on those
who are opposed to the existing organiza-
ton of society. He has been frequently
called on for addresses in various eastern
cities, and in Baltimore recently he de-
Iivered a speech before an audience OF
5000 persons. This was just after the
riots of last July in Seattle. which the So
cialists declared resulted from a talk by
the Secretary of the Navy. Josephus Dan
iels in which the latter. who was visiting
the northwest. denounced the red flag.
If" declared Representative Johnson.
1.-The Secretary of the Navy cannot defend
the American flag. and If his soldier boys
cannot resent deliberate insults to the
flag. the soldiers and the sailors. who
CAM"
Here is the manner in which Represent
alive johnson talks when asked about the
direct actionists' and the /. w. VS.
who are his pet antipathies:
'You have asked me question that
am asked many times every week.
What is the l. W. W.?
my answer is that the /. w. W.
the full title Is Industrial Workers Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

cans Their losses were about $500
killed and wounded and 5000 missing.
Our losses were only little over 700.
but that was almost sixth of our
whole force. Gen. Lew Wallace says
that the Americans were beaten often
during that engagement than there
were hours in the day. but that they
did not know they were beaten They
rallied and fought. and rallied and
fought and at last wrung victory from
the hands of defeat.
The battlefield of Buena Vista Is now
desert-Iike and barren. The ground about
is covered with sage brush and stones and
THE only green vegetation is the tree I'M
der which Gen. Taylor hospital stood
during that engagement At least. | sup
pose the hospital stood there. for the tree
still bears the name of the Gen. Taylor
Hospital tree.
The battle of Buena Vista was the last
engagement of any account in the north.
1t ended the service OF Gen. Taylor in
Mexico. and. as I have said. it made him
the hero of the American people. Upon
his return to the United States he was
received with the greatest applause. and
that Notwithstanding he liked to keep in
the background. A story illustrating his
simplicity is told of a senator named But
Ter. whose brother. Pierce Butler, was
killed in the battle of Euena Vista SEN
ator Butler had asked for a description of
the battle and Gen. Taylor replied: We'll.
come and dine with me today and ! will
tell you all know about it.
The senator waited in patience through
out the dinner for the story to begin.
and at it's close brought up the subject of
the battle asking about his brother. Gen.
TAYLOR said
Eyes. senator, your brother Pierce was
good soldier and he died after a brave
fight on the field. Now you want to know
how the battle was fought do your
Yes. general. if YOU will be SO kind.
Please tell me just how your troops were
placed and all about those of the enemy.
/ would like to understand how, with such
a small force, you could defeat Santa
Anna who had four times the number.
THE difference was more than that,
said Cen Taylor but we did not stop to
count / know that | wished for more
soldiers
YES" said the senator, but what was
the order of battle?"
why senator. we began fighting early
in the morning the first day and we fit all
that day We lost a good many men, and
at night it looked pretty bad.
well. what next?"
well said Gen. Taylor. when it got
dark l rode over to Saltillo to look after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21
An Explanation.

HTHERE are in the United States H.
100000 unmarried adults. Out OF
every 100 American men thirty-nine are
unmarried. How to explain these dread
full figures"
Thus spoke. with a gesture Of despair.
a certain philosopher.
"One explanation he continued. may
lie in a dialogue | overheard at picnic
The participants in this dialogue were .
bachelor and a spinster he about 30. she
about 80.
Men. said the spinster, used to
marry younger than they do now. didn't
they?'
Yes the bachelor answered, but
didn't women used to be more willing
TO wash dishes them?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

ITO check the L. w. W. vigorous action
by federal state and municipal authori-
ties is needed If the street speakers
shout that they have no country. II Is a
good plan to keep them on the move until
they are willing to obey the ordinances OF
some municipality. Clearly they have no
right to preach sedition or to sell treason
able pamphlets from soap boxes on street
corners. We need more men in high
places to cry out, as did Secretary Dan
iels, against the red flag.
And. in my opinion, we need an imme-
date and radical restriction of immigra-
ton What a farce II is to shut out from
this country the old, blind mother of some
Woodworking, settled. foreign-born boys
who have mastered trade. and let some
violent agitator with socialistic notions
learned in some monarchy come In and
openly advocate the poisoning the food
of the rich? We shut out the crippled
sister. for fear she might become pub
lie charge, and let in an army OF marx
ians, who as soon as they reach Ellis Is
land begin to preach contempt for Amer
lean institutions, and who urge unedu-
Gated foreigners to fill up the jails In or
der to embarrass the authorities
1T strikes me that, inasmuch as the
United States has decided il must con-
serve its natural resources. We had better
decide that that conservation Is for the
children of the people now in the United
States. The suspension of all immigration
is neither practical nor necessary, but
why not limit immigration to the rela-
tires of those now here, who will gladly
give some guarantee that those they bring
to these shores desire to become American
citizens and not followers OF the red nag
of revolution?' ASHMCN BROWN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

French syndicalists closely. They have
adopted the universal strike system.
sabotage. autonomy for each industry,
which reduced to its logical conclusion.
means autonomy for each individual, or
anarchy For fifteen years, insurrec-
tional anti-patriotism has been rampant
in France Only recently has that gov
eminent decided to proceed vigorously
against the organizations there which
are the same as the i. w. w. here
1T must be apparent to any one who
has looked into the subject that the
revolutionary socialists are trying might
and main to bring about the same sit
uation here. Read the l. w. w pre-
amble to their constitution. Read the
published and signed denunciation of the
United States flag by men high in au-
thority in socialist circles. For instance.
a national committeeman of the socialist
party recently put out the following
signed statement:
"'We do not regard the American flag
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21
Representative Albert johnson Cannpagn

continuance Of that fight. He refused to
draw the line between socialists, atheists
W. VS.. anarchists and dynamiters.
He declared that they all had a common
purpose. revolution of some kind-that
most OF them wanted il with blood and
iron"
He met l. ". ". orators in rough-and-
ready joint debate He didn't spare
language in denunciation Of them. At
one Of his meetings a socialist was on
hand with a megaphone. and johnson
says tnat was quite an interesting little
debate. Some of the other candidates on
ms ucket thought he was right in his
contentious, but the common opinion was
that he was impoltic in expressing them
al the particular time he did
Ills denunciation of socialism and the
J. ". ". led naturally to a discussion of
immigration. and Johnson bitterly in
weighed against what he calls 1.-THE serf-
born hordes from the south Of Europe
Johnson, holding TO the view that the
American people prefer straight talk to
hypocrisy. even in candidates for office,
went on his way and. as he expresses It,
had bully time. He was ALWAYS 1ust
going 10 be licked by somebody. but never
was.
his fight one must know something about
him. According to the Congressional d.
rectory. he was born in Springfield. ILL.,,
and is forty-four years old. Az a coun-
try correspondent In a little town In Mis-
souri, he attracted the attention OF the
editor of the ST. Louis Globe Democrat.
who called him into the city and gave him
a trial job. Johnson developed into a star
reporter
From there, like many another newspa-
per man. he wandered. Washington ID
G., knew him as particularly energetic
newsgatherer. One Of his stock details
in those days was to write stories about
President Cleveland's duck hunting trims
down the river. Since no newspaper man
could get on the boat with the President.
or even approach 1t, getting the story
taxed his ingenuity-but ne always got IT.
He had a period of executive work on a
New Haven paper. and then. at the time
or the Spanish-American war he came
back TO Washington TO the same class Of
labor
From Washington ne leaped to Tacoma
Wash. as managing editor Of a newspa-
per, and after years of work there he
moved on TO a like position in Seattle.
Then he saw chance TO own his own
newspaper a real daily newspaper. at
Hoquiam. Wash. a saw-milling town on
the edge OF the big woods Grabbing
chances is one of the best things he does.
He grabbed.
Now comes the real story
Pacific coast towns are COSMOPOLITAN
They have large foreign colonies. Also
they have people from all over the coun
try who possess curious social and polit-
ical ideas.
These people all wrote communicat tons
to the editor OF the Hoquam Washing
tonian. More letters to the editor than
dollars for subscriptions rolled into the
office. Mostly the advanced socialists
wrote. And when their letters were not
printed In full in the little four-page pa
per. they came around to see the editor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

would be fought TO finish. Congress
then passed resolutions asking for 5n,0n
volunteers, and the regular army was in
creased to 30,0Go men.
The country went wild over Taylor
victories. Congress passed resolutions of
approval He. was made a major gem
eral. and his own state of Louisiana gave
him sword He became the idol of the
hour. He was lovingly called "Old Zach :
and his manners and customs were fla
vorably compared with those of Gen. Win
field Scott, the commander-in-chief of the
army, who later carried on the war in the
SOUTH Gen. Scott was great soldier, but
he was always on dress Parade. He was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

md made photographs Of the country as
Z looks today The Mexican war began
~ April - 1916. and it lasted almost
two years. Ii cost rs in good hard cash
Nlt''E~"on. and those who were killed or
died during the conflict numbered 25.O0p
That war established the Rio Grande as
oH national boundary. 1t made safe our
ute 70 Texas. concerning which the
MeNicans were growing; and at its close
W. took about half Of the then Mexican
territory. including California. Arizona
AND New Mexico. If we should have Il
war with Mexico now. the cost in money
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21

the Worlds a destructive and vicious
revolutionary organization founded in
Chicago eight or nine years ago by the
discredited leaders of the Western Fed
Grafton of Miners. The same men that
had a hand in the riots at Occur d'Alene.
Idaho the dynamite plot at Victor. Colo.
the assassination of Gov. Steunenberg Of
Idaho. and other dastardly outrages got
together and organized on the plan of
the syndicalists of France.
The idea Of syndicalism was originally
put forward by an anarchist carpenter
named Tortelier. In brief. 1t may be
of the state He believes in direct ac-
ton" strike after strike. sabotage and
allied features. He has no clear idea OF
what he hopes to accomplish. although
he is very strong for class warfare.
The T. W. W. leaders in the United
States are following the plans OF the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-21
eAmeran in
SIS as Arch=Em@my of Dir@ct-Actiom Socialism

is a fact that a number of their leading
newspapers have suspended or consoli-
dated. To attempt to explain this falling
off is futile. 1t is probable that the !. w.
w has claimed many who We're once So
cialists The latter, as a party, made the
common mistake in supposing that social
ism would be a permanent intellectual
terminus for its followers.
And you can't blame peaceful.
thoughtful. dreamy theoretical socialist
for rebelling when the revolutionary end
of his party advises such banners as the
l. w w outfit displays at every strike: