davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
llTCHFIEl DS BUSMSs FRONT WHICH IT IS PROPOSto TO
RrhnoDF WOPK HAS BEEN BEGUN ON The CRI MOUSE e oUu0mc
vsH die TOWER,

requre expenditures Of from 800 To N'oUo
each 70 make them conform to the new
pattern. The work on these some OF
which will probably be done by the own
ers. consists chiefly in changes In WIN
dows and cornices. and the elimination OF
lines out of keeping with the spirit or
the towns architecture.
There are about ten business structures
which will require alteration Wnen ad-
ditlons to the business buildings are mace
In the future it will DE urged upon those
erecting them that they be given afchi-
tectural treatment that viii harmonic
with the prevailing style. The whole cost
of the reconstruction. 1t In estimated
will not be more than $4,000 a small sum-
when one considers the unique auNerise-
ment which it will give the famous ola
New England county seat.
There are comparatively few villages III
the United states whose instantaneous
and complete removal would lnJure me
scenery. outside OF New England win
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
Cecef. SEC TUsNtl
M WHTeRBtD

During the days of structural activity.
thirty years ago, an ingenious boring APP
Iaratus, known as the Beaumont ma
chime. was able To- eat its way into the
chalk at "A rate Of I've feet an hour. Al
lowing. however. for delays. and assum-
ing a weekly advance OF lO2 yards for six
days work. annual progress from one
end would amount 10 about three miles. or
a combined Roadway of six miles from
both shores As the distance is but TWEEN
ty-four miles from coast 10 coast, the time
of estimated completion would probably
lot exceed four years, even If dihicultles
were encountered in transit
From the English shore the tunnel has
already been cut for "A distance OF $500
yards, and the gallery was generally we'll
nigh dry-showng the gray chalk TO be
substantially solid, as estimated preNl-
ously by the engineers.
In fact, the volume OF water entering
the entire length OF the heading is said
to have amounted TO only something like
a gallon and a half minute, and tins
gradually diminished as silt worked down
into the creyasses and sealed them. con-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
a DOUBLE TUBE TUNNEL.

The French English project, as it now
stands in the light OF present day needs
and practice. contemplates double-tube
tunnel OF circular cross section. with an
internal diameter OF eighteen feet, each
tube to have a single track. In other
words, one would carry the eastbound
traffic and the other deal with the west
bound service. by limiting each tube in
this fashion the constitutional task
would be both easier and cheaper and
ventilation during building and after
completion would be rendered simpler
and more efficient. 1t is proposed that
the two tubes shall be connected at fire.
quent intervals by cross passages with
alright doors. This would facilitate the
introduction OF currents Of fresh air and
permit the ready exchange o. workmen
from one tunnel to the other. All traffic
would be operated electrically.
As now designed the traffic tubes
would be placed about thirty-six feet
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
IN CASE OF sToPPAGE.

However. IT, In spite of all precautions,
any stoppage occur i'm the tunnels. the
passengers would readily pass along the
tube in the rear of the train, where ample
space will be available OH footpath
clear of the electrical conductors. The
passengers would thus be free from
smoke. because the direction OF the air
current would be blowing toward the
rear of the train and in the face of the
retreatinS persons.
Financially. viewed in the light of pos
sible benefits. the project appears well
nigh modest. The cost of the British
half of the undertaking, including the
purchase of land and buildings and the
existing works at Dover. the electrical
installation. CONSTITUTIONAL machinery
land approaches. legal and engineering
charges, etc, with a necessary provision
against contingencies. is estimated ~
about 100000. The French end OF tho
undertaking would probably involve
kindred sum.
By the eight ferry routes between
England and the Continent to-day the
annual passenger list has reached total
of quite a million and half, and there
is a steady increase. A very large pro-
portion OF this traffic would naturally
swing to the tunnel route, and 1t would
take but little figuring 10 show the money
returns that would soon come in from
the original outlay. But this does not
take into consideration freight service or
any kind and yet it is perfectly appar-
ent that millions of dollars worth OF
goods would be shipped each year, prefer
ably this way because Of the greater Sc
curity in transit and speed of dispatch
fins secured
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
ANOTHER ADVANTAGE.

Naturally. goods carried from England
TO France. or vice versa, through the tun-
mel should have a smaller insurance rate
10 meet This would unqCestionably be a
big item of commercial advantage. IL
goes without saying that the bulk OF the
postal matter would be sent by way Of
the tunnel route. OF course. the govern
ments concerned would pay for this SER
vice. to that extent still further swelling
the revenue OF the undertaking.
OF course, there are many thousands of
Americans who have reason to hope that
the Channel tunnel will be built be-
cause a very large percentage Of the
travellers from this country have oc-
casion to traverse either the North Sea
or the English Channel in going from tho
Continent to England or vice versa.
Many OF these know how utterly miser-
able such a trip can be when the waters
are rough II takes a truly seasoned
sailor TO survive undisturbed the demon
allzing corkscrew squirming OF the aver
age Channel ferry steamer But even
beyond this feature Of personal comfort
the subject is one that should appeal TO
us for another reason: an American eng-
neer has planned a way 20 tunnel the
Channel that has many features of nov
city, and which promises to be superior
in n number of particulars to the project
which we have already described
We have recently laid in the Harlem
River a section of subway tunnel which
in a way exemplifes what We are going
to tell you of Simon Lakes project for
an English Channel tunnel. As you will
remember. this feat of domestic engin-
eering involves building the tunnel in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14

Erected in 1852, this house had been de-
cIared by architects to be particularly
&c tvne of the New England farmhouse
80 &c nerlod There was danger that IL
would be replaced by cheap ouilalhs
for the display of moving pictures WIN
n would go, in all probability TWO
mo oniacent trees. and. perhaps 'he
Quaint old curiosity shop with blue glass
havs which stood between it ana the
oonaIlv ancient Phelps tavern uiiu'
,yere raised for the preservation OF TINS
landmark.
Then fund was started Tor the put-
nose Of fashioning anew the whole street
front A. p. f. Adenaw. of La Farse q
Morris. architects. Of New YORK. are" q
MAN for the work. a sum amouht"hs -
about one-half that required had pe eaa
secured. This. together Win aoou' S',v'O
Of public funds. will be spent upon '"e
courthouse. The lines Of the to"ei "
this building will be straigllteheo' -" u
prosaic brick buildings Ola either siue wa
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
a SECTION Of tAe CHANNEL
TUNNEL or PLANNED 6v ME-. LAKE

and this geological condition is largely an
lpheaval Of the constitution of the bed
beneath the Straits of Dover Details ar"
not necessary for our purpose. IT Is
enough to know that after thousands OF
borings have been made on both sides Of
the channel and well out into the water
il was found that the upper stratum OF
the sea bed was composed of white chalk
broken through by assures. and therefore
pervious to water while the underlying
stratum of gray chalk was solid and inn
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
N \ Iu11FJ DECIDES TO SAVE HER FACE BY BUILDING NEW ONE

twenty-one of which range between 100
and 1853 years in age.
With the exception of the new houses
around the railroad station hardly a
house looking out from beneath the green
branches of the great elms is of recent
construction. There are roomy houses,
mansions one would call them in many
cases If one liked the word. And nearly
every one of them is painted white. one
wonders il it is necessary for the hard
ware store to keep any other color in
stock.
Four streets quarter the village They
are so broad that no matter how much
they might stretch in the breeze the tips
of the huge elms which border them could
never kiss. The streets are named for the
four points of the compass, toward which
they run from the centre. The entrance
TO the town is by West street highway
that rambles up through a gentle vale of
green so wide that it would be called "A
parkway if it were laid out in New York
II is perhaps three hundred feet wide be-
tween the house lines. and three or four
rows of trees shade the houses and the
wandering road. About five minutes walk
from the station one comes upon the row
of brick buildings comprising the business
part OF the town. All of them are on the
south side of the street, the row being
dominated by the stone clock tower of the
courthouse. 1t replaces the string of
wooden structures which once housed the
business of the town, but which disap-
peared quarter of century ago in a
night fire that redeemed the sky and was
farmhouse scattered on the sides CT the
ervironing hills over a radius Of six or
eight miles. This Is the row whose front
it is proposed to remodel 10 make il har-
monte with the predomnatng and char
acteristic architecture of the community.
1t is the only discordant note i'm the ap-
pearance of the village in which Henry
Ward Beecher, Harriet Beecher Stowe
and Horace Bushnell first saw the light
and Lyman Beecher preached his famous
sermons on the temperance question.
Litchfield. in the day when it's houses
were built. had a greater population than
IT has to-day. II ranked fourth in the
state In 1910, the other communities being
Hartford. New Haven and Bridgeport. Its
Inhabitants were well to do. some OF them
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
PROBLEM OF VENTILATION.

Naturally. the problem of ventilation is
one of the most important things to be
considered. and the engineers have been
fully alive TO the need Of keeping up an
efficient supply of air not only during
the building period, but when traffic IS
established. or course. this means re-
course 10 forced draft or mechanically
stimulated ventilation. In long tunnels,
where steam locomotives are used, the
most efficient system has been found 20
be- that in which the air is blown against
the head Of the train, in this way the
driver and fireman. upon whom safety prl-
marily depends, are kept in fresh air and
free from smoke and steam, but in the
case of electrically worked tunnels, where
no products OF coal combustion exist. the
reverse is the better method. The forced
draft will be sent in the same direction
as that Of the moving train, and the cur
rent will be thus assisted rather than re-
tarded by the trains motion. Fortunate
". with electric traction tie volume or
air required is much less than that when
the steam locomotive is employed.
II has been estimated. as a maximum,
that A passenger train carrying 500 peo-
ule will be run every ten minutes each
way. The volume OF air per minute re-
ouired to keep the tunnels pure and fresh
will be in the neighborhood of $4,000 cubic
feet on each line Of way. travelling at
velocity equivalent to a yer" light breeze
that is. six feet per second. No diff
Guilty is contemplated in dealing with this
situation. This question Of ventilation is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
The Project to Connect the British Isles with
the Mainland by a Railroad Under the
English Channel Bids Fair to Meet
Early Fulfilment Despite Insu-
lar Fears of Invasion.

~,EW YORK has. indeed, become
NJ city Of tunnels, and year by year
Y we shall undoubtedly see more OF
these subterranean traffic arteries built
for the convenience Of our multiplying
millions and for the speedy dispersion OF
the busy horde which pours daily in upon
rs from a far-lung radius Of population
What our tunnels have done here has had
more than a local influence, and now
tmid John Bull has virtually come TO
recognize one of his greatest mistakes
bis hesitation in helping to build the long
discussed and wellnigh equally long de-
hyed channel tunnel.
As all Of US know, the English Channel
and the North Sea are two of the nastlest
stretches OF water to navigate when
either storm blows or a fog shuts in the
field OF vision. Annually. many ships are
lost that venture abroad upon these
Eaters when conditions are unfavoraole'
and too. millions of dollars are tied up
bv DELAY or immense sums paid for IN
surance upon goods in transit from Eng
land 10 the Continent, and vice versa
which might largely be avoided if some
safer line of communication existed
These facts have been known for genera
items. but the gravity of them has grown
as commercial intercourse and passenger
traffic have increased between the British
Islands and the mainland of Europe
THE TIMoRoUs BRITIsHER.
At intervals during more than half
century projects have been studied ana
schemes proposed for channel tunnel
and wellnigh without exception the most
spirited initiative has been maniesIeu
or the part of the French, while the
timorous Britisher has looked generally
more or less askance at the propose
tons. John Bull has long felt that MS
insular position made him safest against
attack from the shores Of the Continent
ard with this Unborn notion OF sec"'''y
50 assured he Eas viewed with SUSPICION
any plan that promised to bring MN
closer. as il were, TO ms Confluence
neighboTs. His fleet he believed WouIu
suffice to hold off an army or INVASION
but he seems to have put but Httie Iallh
in his own soldiers should the enemy once
gain footing upon his shores. VI
course. a tunnel would, as he conceived H.
simply be a short cut for the lesions OF
France TO march in upon him and thus
dodge his watchful battle craft There Is
a bit of humor in all of this vie"eo
from the disinterested standpoint but the
military advisers Of John Bull have gen
orally missed this aspect Of the question:
They have not only taken themselves
very seriously. but they have maghi!leu
the menace of their potential foes.
Back in the early SOS the tiinorouS
Britishers actually laid aside their heredi-
tary dread and agreed to the building OF
tunnel 10 be driven under the English
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14

an important one in case of accident or
should, by any possibility, fire break
out either within the passenger coaches'
goods cars or the locomotives themselves
OF course. the vehicles would be of steel.
and the electric locomotives would be
"armored" against fire in case OF snort
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
CRON StC1,ON IL
TIE MIDDLE

Channel at the point known as the Straits
Of Dover-this being where the coast of
France and the shores of England are
closest. Considerable work was actually
done after the most careful preliminary
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14

~ man standing on the edge of the
IL green at Litchfeld, Conn, beside
Tho rough hewn granite and bronze
memorial TO Henry Ward Beecher anu
Harriet Beecher Stowe. looked up from
bie camera and glanced toward the gray
s,ope clock tower Of the county coui
houee Reing a methodical man VINO
- rocords he wished to set down
the bour of the exposure whIch ne 'au
t,,.. ,,,ade He was nOnplussed' not 10
Cos, etartled. for the hands on the CLOCK
tace onnosite him pointed to moriiiiis
-. Not only were they "otf, but they
d,d 10. aeree with the han Is on announcer
face obliauely visible. The puzzle "a'
not solved then. but it was iater !" ~
afternoon. when the hands ho' o4"y
moved but the faces, too IheS nv
dounward being lowered by a worAIlah'
whose form was silhouetted against Tue
skv through the circular openings TOWARD
which men had been looking WIN
watches i'm hand for these many years.
.oTbere will be a good many cusslns
this innovation" one passerpy was o'S'
heard 10 remark. They've been loohihs
at that clock so long that they won't oe
able TO get on without 1t.
The innovation" to which he reierreu
was the remodelling of the fronts Oh inc
buildings in the business centre OF Litch-
field.
Some time ago there was published d"
account OF plan to remodel the business
front of Wheaton. H.. a suburb Oh chi
cago, in such a way that 1t should re-
produce the atmosphere of an old English
village II attracted not little alton
ton. for the idea Of giving the business
section Of a community an artisuc front
after Il had been built was novel
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14

! it's characteristic architecture. there are.
il is almost safe TO say, very few which
have been i'm existence long enough, or
whose conscious development has fol-
lowed lines harmonizlng with their en-
vironment so that they possess the in
dtgenous quality that characterizes so
many Italian provincial towns The latter
seem To be a part of the scene, to belong
to II. They would be missed if suddenly
removed The countryside would be
robbed IL Lltchheld. a village of white.
Colonial houses. set among giant elms
upon a hilltop. should be brushed off by
some giant hand.
one is tempted TO assert that In no
other community in this country having
a population Of no more than 1850 per-
sons. can there be found so large per-
centage of houses averaging a hundred
years in age. There are at least thirty
whose records have been set down, not
ore of which dates later than 1883. and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
TAs LAKE DRepCNc APPARATUS GMPloTto ,-r CLEARING
G, WRECK a SIMILAR APPARATUS w,L4 > RCCN- SU'NtH
WOULO oe U0EO Tor The CHANNEL UNNeL

apart, measured from centre TO centre,
but bound together by frequent cross gal
leries, in this respect being very similar
to the Simplon Tunnel. The borings
would be lined throughout with cast iron
segments like those used in our tunnels
here in New York, and these segments
coated both inside and out with pro-
tective covering OF cement. AS our
sketches show, there is a third tube be-
low the traffic tubes, and this is for
drainage purposes. In this way any wa
ter gathering in the main tunnels can be
disposed of and then pumped out by
means OF proper facilities at either end.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-14
ORIGIN OF MOVEMENT.

Among those who saw the account was
the member of a family owning one OF
the old houses in Litchheld. 1t gave rise
to discussion one day as they sat among
their household gods and led to the
question, Cannot something be done to
remodel the front of our business street?
THE lines of the brick buildings and
the stone courthouse are simple" 1t was
pointed out, land 1t would not be diff
cult to give the street front u Colonial
atmosphere I'm keeping with the remainder
Of the town"
The idea was fostereo by the threatened
destruction Of an Old building known as
The Phelps house. fronting ON the Green.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-01-23
ABILENE GIRLS
PLEASED AT TALMAGE.

Miss Ruby Norman, Miss GLADYS
Harding and Mr.. Guy Rubright who
are appearing on the lyceum circuit
now under the caption Of the Su-
perior Concert Company gave their
first entertainment Saturday even
ing at Talmage. The Talmage aud
fence was we'll pleased VITA the ev-
ening concert and those who had
ears to hear are not slow In their
praise Of the company in which the
two Abilene young women appeared.
Mr.. Rubright is graduate OF the
Chicago Conservatory Of Music and
is an artist with the saxaphone and
clarinet. These young people start
ed yesterday on a tour OF Kansas
under the direction Of the Kansas
Lyceum and Chautauqua association.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-01-23

S422.5O; total cost equipment all
schools, 1926; total number Of pu-
pills in manual training 1929; average
cost per pupil $50; total high
school enrolment in these towns
1920; per cent of pupils taking man
ual training 40. Boards uniformly
furnish lumber for practice work,
and boys pay for material in fin
ished pieces they desire to take
home.
Data ,on cooking-Number towns
reporting 81; cost of equipment
minimum, $3.50; cost of equipment,
maximum, $1,000; cost of equip
ment, average per school $3.50;
number of pupils enrolled in COOK
ing 924; average cost of equipment
per pupil $14.6O; cost of mainten-
ance per pupil per week, minimum
&c: cost of maintenance per pupil
per week, maximum 16Ac; cost OF
maintenance per pupil per week,
average 9.2c. Items on cost OF main
tenance per pupil do not include
salary OF instructor. 2S out of 81
boards pay for all cooking supplies.
Seven boards require pupils to pay
for them.
Data on sewing-Number towns
reporting 81; cost Of equipment,
minimum, SIS; cost of equipment
maximum, $3.50; cost of equipment,
average per school, $113.2O; num-
ber of pupils enrolled in this branch
1904: average cost Of equipment per
pupil, $3.50. Nearly all boards re-
porting furnish material for prac-
tice work in sewing. and require pu-
oiIs to pay for material in complete
and in finished pieces TAX
IN home.
w. A. STACEY.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-01-23

You'll have to give 1t to Senator
Joe Howe when It comes to an eye
for business. II has been generally
conceded by all OF Joe's friends for
sometime that he was getting tired
of single bliss and had decided
luck favoring-to join the fold OF
the Benedicts. Now comes Joe in
his official capacity of state senator
with little bill all his own landing
a knock out blow on the solar plexus
of the matrimonial combine. Let
us have 1t understood, says Joe. that
any son of the Sunflower state may
purchase at any time and at any
place where distribution of licenses
to marry is wont to be made within
the borders of said state matri-
monial permits (now sold at SO perl
at a price which shall not exceed
in any instance the sum of two dol
lars. Who says that lobbyists have
gone out Of business at our state
capital? Hurrah for Cupid. And
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-01-23
REVIVING INTEREST
IN ELECTRIC SIGN.
EXPECT to Have II Brightly Shining
BY the SpTfngtime.

The plans submitted to a Chicago
electric house sometime ago by the
Commercial club for an electric sign
to he erected near the Union Pacific
depot advertising Abilene and Its
Sand Springs water have been re-
turned with the official o. X. stamp
ed thereon. A number of business
men have gone over the plans and
stamped their o. X. thereon also
and Secretary Poe expects to push
the business now until he sees the
sign a reality. The sign is to be
erected in the little park at the
Union Pacific and is to read some
thing after the following: abilene,
home of Sand Springs water, 99.99
per cent pure"
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1913-01-23
I. w. YOUNG HAS A
MIDNIGHT VISITOR,
A Little CannOnading and COlOred
Gentleman Left.

n w. Young, who lives about 2
mites northwest of town had q call
early Sunday morning from q color
ed gentleman who didn't seem to
have any business in the vicinity
and who made hasty exit when
Mr.. Young turned lose a broadside
from his trusty old shot gun. The
last seen Of the colored boy he was
going north. Mr.. Young called up
the deputy sheriff but since the gem
tIeman had done no damage and
wac at that moment making a hasty
retreat toward the north pole ne
s pefmitted to get out Of the
country without making acquaint-
ance with the county jail.