Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-06-04

"Our schools, until a very recent
time, were entirely academic, SO
much so that education has, without
the use of some modifying word,
come to mean intellectual training
and development. We speak of phys
ical education, moral education ana
Industrial education
industrial education means some
thing very different from manual
training Industrial has more
specific aim than manual training
and may be defined as the fnstruc-
ton of boys and girls from fourteen
TO eighteen years of age who are IN
preparation for wage earning In IN
dustry, agriculture or household arts.
THE use of machinery has created
the need for industrial education.
The changed conditions and methods
of manufacturing have made the
worker almost part of the machine
he operates. From year to year ne
does one thing or one part of the
process and is thus deprived of the
opportunity to acquire an adequate
knowledge of the process as whole.
He becomes narrow and does not ac-
ouire underlying principles that, in
any k1flu Oh WOihs tttdRS 80 = NS---
prehensiye view and knowledge, or,
In other words. he has little chance
of getting foreman's view.
Conditions Have Changed.
mot only have conditions changed
In the industrial world, but they are
very different in the homes The ac-
tiyities which were commonplace in
the home a generation ago are TAX
ing place in the factory. There is no
longer need of home made clothing
or carpets or furnishings of any kind.
The apartment house life emphasizes
this change very strongly. Not only
is the sewing done outside, but cook
Ing, as well. Women and girls now
ind occupation outside the home in
the shop, or store, or factory
with these conditions everywhere.
the nation must conserve the high
est welfare of all the people and re-
tain its position and rank in the in
dustry and commerce of the world
with those nations that have forged
ahead in industrial education. There
is no way for that to be done if the
schools are to give only intellectual
training, thence there is a widespread
mand for industrial courses and vo-
cational guidance. We must develop
an effective system that will directly
and purposefully benefit the boy or
eirl in his or her life work, The Gull
tural work hitherto done is not to be
nnininaized or abandoned, but we must
have other eourses-courses that shall
meet the varying needs. Never has
the interest been greater nor the need
more clearly apprehended than now.
Training in industrial shop.
industrial training must be given
In a productive shop where things
to be used are made. In my opinion
the lob method of instruction and
not the exercise method must be
used. The former introduces and
uses the shop procedure; the lat
ter holds to the group plan of In
struction and has much to condemn
ii. It's chief disadvantages are that
the student Is not as much of an in
dlyidual and the equipment required
ia more extensive and far more ex-
pensive than that necessary for work
under the Job method.
"1,he work in industrial EDUCATION
is sonewhat experimental still, ex-
cent in a few Institutions like Tus-
keegee Normal Institute or the Will
hanson Trade School near Philadel-
nhia. or the Trade Schools at Boston,
Worcester or Milwaukee. 1t is, how
ever. now known what we should DO
for bows in woodworking and metal
working. electric wiring and printing,
and in millinery, dressmak:ng and,
to some extent, home-making for
girls. but, except in the type Of
schools I have mentioned we are ig-
norant as to many other kinds OF
work.
Newark has developed the indus
tetal nhase of education in a most
oonamendable manner, and her citi-
Gems may justly be proud of her
achievement. In the grades we have
manual training wherein skin and
good Industrial habits are formed.
The lad is taught the technique q