davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
WARM WEATHER THIS WEEK.
St. Swithin's Day Tom0rrOw-Tra.
ditions Concerning Meterology
July u.

Warm and generally fair weather
except for local thunder showers IS
promised by the Weather Bureau
for the week.
st. Swithin's name has been as
sociated with humidity and the
date, July Is, for centuries. He was
an English ecclesiastic, who was
chaplain to King Eghert4 and tutor
to his SON, Ethelwulf. In 1852 he
was consecrated Bishop of Winches-
ter. He originated the tribute OF
"Peterpence," and procured the pass
age of an act requiring all the Eng
lish to pay tithes. At his own request
ne was buried where the rain might
fall upon his grave. To make this
sure he was buried under the caves
of his church. When it was proposed
one July Is 70 place his body on the
inside of the church, the elements
protested and prevented it by RAIN
ing on that day after it for forty
davs, and hence the tradition.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
ENTERTAINMENT TONIGHT
Pleasant Time Expected at Westmin-
ster Building Tonight.

A musical and literary entertain
ment will be given at Westminster
building tonight at 8 o'clock by, Troop
No. /, Boy Scouts of America. The
following will be the program:
'Selection-Lone Star Camp No. l,
American Indian Guard Band.
Vocal Solo-Miss Julia Bigelow.
'Acompanist, Miss Ruth Field.
Cornet Solo-H. L. Halden. Accom-
panist, S. E. Wade.
Instrumental Duet-Mrs. Walter
Bolton and Miss Edna Barrett.
Vocal Solo-Master Talbot Has
lett. !Accompanist, Miss Anna Has
lett.
Selection-Lone Star Camp No. l.,
American Indian Guard Band.
Recitation Eisner, of Wash
ington, D. c.
Piano Solo-Mr. Thomas Jones.
First Aid to The Injured By Scouts
Wells and Bergman.
Stregcher Making, Case Of Emerg-
ency-Scouts Jones and Robinson.
Bugle Calls-Scout O'Meara.
Illustrating Firemen Lift-Scout
O'Meara.
Selection-Lone Star Camp No. l.,
American Indian Guard Band.
Signalling = Scouts Moore and
OMeara
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

TO SUPPORT TURKEY.
No Truth in Rumor of Assassination
of Gar Ferdinand-Cruel Treat
mcnt of Prisoners.

London, July 14.-Although it has
been Officially declared that reports of
rioting in Sofia were untrue, as we'll
as rumors concerning the assassina-
tion Of Gar Ferdinand, the situation
IN the Balkan states was serious to-
day. The Roumanians have continu-
ed their advance into Bulgarian ter
ri'ory unopposed and have reached
DobritSch.
Advices from Constantinople state
that the Roumanian minister. and
grand vizer were in conference
throughout yesterday discussing
possible agreement. 1t is believed
that an ,:nders anding was practical
ly received whereby Roumanian' will
support Turkey, providing she is furn-
:shed five torpedo boats.
Turkey has prepared for an ex-
tended campaign against Bulgaria,
and today two armies were moving
by forced marches from Chatalja .
and Bulair. They are said to have
occupies Corfu and the Bulgarians
have evacuated Rodosto. The Porte
is said to have received assurances
from Athens, Belgrade and Bucharest
that Greece, Servia and Roumania
vii, ROT agree to any armistice with
out consulting Turkey
Reports reaching here continue to
tell of horrible treatment of prisoners
and non-combatants by Bulgarians
Repor.s from Athens and Salonika
dacIare that ears and fingers of Greek
women bearing earrings and rings
were found on Bulgarian soldiers who
were captured.Reports of the massa-
cres as Sercs continue to come in. The
Daily Tclcgraph's correspondent said
an Armenian survivor reaching Sa-
ionika asserted that many victims
were crucificd, burned alive, or hacked
to pieces. The Armenian'S servant
Wa, nailed to door, the cor"espon-
dent declares.
A correspondent with the First
Servian says that Russian cinemato-
graph operator reported that at kri-
vGIak he found dead Servian soldiers
with their ears and noses cut off. One
mans tongue had been torn out, some
wcr. criciliei and charred remains of
other still hung to stakes.
iiu fhrd mht mht INIT mht mhtmz
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
GAY DECEIVER FRANTIC.
Failure of Suicide Pact and Brides
Discovery Make Boy Wild.

Englcwood, y. j., July ID John
Simonovitz, II years old, became vio-
!ent and tried to leap from a window
of the Englewood hospital yesterday
afternoon, when he learned for the
first time that his young bride, who
was Miss Barbara Alderman, of
Brooklyn, had become 10 know of The
deception he had practiced upon her.
Together they took poison last Mon
day at Tenafy.
The boy, a cobbler's son, in his
courtship of Miss Alderman told he
was the son Of Southern Millionaire,
and finally, when he could keep up the
pretense no LONGER, because Of lack
Of funds, induced her to consent to
die with him. Because of the small
quantity of poison they took, dilut-
ed with grape juice, and the fact that
medical attention was given shortly
afterward, both will recover.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
SUMMER FURNITURE SALE.

Today marks the opening Of the big
summer sale OF furniture being con
ducte@ by the Griffin Furniture Com
pany. AN furniture has been greatly
marked down, and at the reduced
prices which will prevail are most at
tractfve to buyers.
The coupon which was printed III
Saturdays Gazette, if presented at
the store, is good for 10 per cent dis
count on all purchases of ten dollars
and over. A 32-picce decorated din
ner set is also given away free 0.
every purchase of $25 or more, while
Ia dinner So of 30 pieces is given free
with purchase amounting to $50 or
more. This is an oportunity for ev-
cry one in Alexandria to purchase
furnlsure Of any description at re-
markedly low prices.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
POLICE COURT.

(Justice L. H. Thompson, Presiding.)
The following cases were disposed
Of this morning:
Lulu Robinson, charged with dis
orderly conduct, forfeited her COL
la eral by failing to appear.
Frederick Paff, an employe at the
livery stable, charged with disorder
ly conduct, was fined S..
Lillian Meands, Mary Whalcn, and
Elizabeth Thompson, charge2 with
di.orderly conduct, were dismissed.
Harry Simms and Leonard Hall,
charged with disorderly conduct, for
feited their collateral by failing to
appear.
Ike Gibson, colorcd, charged with
assaulting Maggie Stanley, colored,
was dismissed.
John Haley. colored, charged with
violating the traffic laws, forfeited
his collateral by failing to appear
a man, charged with operating an
automobile, in the night, without a
light, was dismissed. (
Maud Ramsey, colored, charged
with ss.aulting Bette McPhersonA
coIored, was fined s..
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
STRIKE MAY CAUSE
SCARCITY Of MEAT
Anxiety in Washington on
Account of Failure of
Negotiations.
FRUIT is ALSO SHORT.
Grave Conditions Will Exist Should
a Tie-up of Railroads Take Place
at Present

Washington, July 14.-Washingtor
will face meat famine inside of two
or three days if the conductors and
trainmen tie up The pastern railroads
with strike.
The cold storage branch of the big
Center Market IS nearly empty today
The western beef men sent through
no extra supplies yesterday, and TO-
day to meet the contingency of rail
road strike.
Fruit and vegetables TOO ARE short
and while supply could be obtained
from surrounding towns the bulk OF
the city's supply would be cut off the
same as the meat supply.
The city faces a serious problem
similar to that in the blizzard of 1889
when with onl va day or two more OF
field up traffic the city would have
been without a pound of meat.
Twice before has the nations Cap
ital been conlpnted with a contin-
gency such as it faces today, bu5 not
with so small a supply of food in
sight. In the eighties fodds shut off
railroad travel from the West, and
The fodd supply problem was serious
The storage mad meat men see no
chance of relief from the present sit.
uation Beef is scarce, and the rail
roads cannot move an exact supply
in time to relieve the situation in
case Of trodden determination to
strike.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
SAYS HE WAS ROBBED.
West virginian Found in the Streets
Wearing But One Garment.

Chares w. Hickman, 26 years Old OF
Keser, w. Va, and at one time en-
ployed as a guard at st. EllZabeth'S 5
Hospital for the Insane, was founo
wandering about the city early yes
terday minus clothing save PAIR of
trousers. He was taken to police
headquarters. Hickman was picked
I'D by four citizens, who turned hlm
over to the police He told the police
that he came to Alexandria from
Washington abort a o'cock Saturday
afternoon to redeem a watch he had
p4wned here He had may recol-
ection of meeting two men, with
whom he went out on the river in a
small boat, and then of falling into
the water ami swimming 4 long dis
tance before he reached ashore. Hook
man declares that he had between $lO
and SIS in a pocket Of the missing
coat. He stated that he had been
wandering about the river front since
about sunset Saturday The police
are trying to locate Hockman's cloth
ing and the two men wit hwhom he
claims to have been boating. He left
the station house yesterday after hav-
ing procurd additional clothing.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
MANGLED UNDER CAR WHEELS
Brakeman Jolted From Seat and Kill
cd in p. K. R. Yards.

Philadelphia, Pa, July 14.-Jolted
from the railing of caboose stand
ing lin THE Pennsylvania Railroad,
yards last night, near 33 street, Jas.
Macy, 80 years old, of Perry street,
Trenton, N. j., was hurled to the
tracks and mangled beneath the
wheels of shifting engine. Macy
was taken to the Presbyterian Hos
tai where he died about an hour al
ter being admitted to the institution.
According to members of the train
crew Macy was sitting on the railing
of the caboose reading a newspaper,
when the shifting engine came 81
lently up the tracks and bulned into
the freight train. Macy made des-
perate effort to grasp the hand rail-
ings, but his attempt was unsuc-
cessful, and he was thrown beneath
the wheels of the engine.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
DEAD ON HUSBANDS GRAVE.
Widows Faithful Vigil of Fifteen
Years Ends.

North Bergen, N. j., July IA
When Mrs. Emma Duerkes, Ga years
old, was not seen around her home,
at No. CTS Hackensack Plank road,
yesterday mroning, neighbors inves-
tigated and found that she had not
been home all night. Wlrile they were
searching for her somebody remem-
bered that for Is years it had been
Mrs. Duerke's custom to visit The
grave of her husband, Peter Duerkes,
every Saturday. They went to the
nearby graveyard and found Mrs.
Duerkes dead upon her husbands
neatly-kept grave.
Coroner Schlemm said that heart
disease had caused Ia quick and pain
less death rs. Duerlles is surivvet
bay sisters and two nieces. She had
lived alone for years. So
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
OFFERS TO DONATE MANSION
Wants Mennonite Sect 10 Locate Col
Iege in Fairfax County.

Christian f CARRIER, owner Of Hay
field farm, has offered to donate the
use of the oil Mansion, together with
thlee acres Of ground, to the Men
noqite sect, of which Mr. Gsrber is
a member, 10 be used as location
for the establishment of a Mennonite
College. This mansion is located on
the Telegraph road in aF'irfax county,
and contains 22 spacious rooms, is
surrounded with a large lockwood
hedge, which, it is SAID, was part Of
the shipment Of lockwood hedge
plants brought over from England
over 4 century az" pnd Eater :4ante'i
about Mt. Vernon.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
|NVE EsT|GAT ION OF
MULHALL CHARGES
Senate L obby c ommittee
Decides to Abbreviate
Hearing.
WILL BE NO QUIZ.ZING.
To PROFOUND Their Own Questions
Witness Returns to New York to
Pass Through Probing.

Washington, July 14.-The Senate
Hobby committee will not permit coun-
sci for the National Association Of
Manufacturers and the American
Federation Of Labor to cross-eXamine
witnesses in connection with the inves-
tigation of the Mulhall charges This
decision has not been officially an
nounced but it has practically been
reached by the committee.
The effect Of this decision will be
ito abbreviate the inquiry. Members Of
the Ovelman committee believe that
if they throw Dhe doors wide open and
ahow counsel to ss-eXamine, much
time will be wasted to no account.
What will be done viii be to permit
counsel to be present, to permit them
to suggest witnesses and 10 allow
them to suggest questions to the COM
mittee. The questioning, however,
will all be done by the committee it.
sci.
Members of the committee are
aware that the charge may be made
that politics is entering into the in
quiry if they turn down the demands
of counsel But they intend TO con-
duct the examination fairly and at
=
the same time With ali reasonable ex-
pedition and complete the Mulhall in
quil.y in Z month.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
GREAT YEAR FOR SNAKES.
South Jersey Farms Appear to be
Full of Reptiles.

Woodbury., N. j., July ID. = The
year 1913 will 60 down in history as
a great snake year in South Jersey.
Reptiles are seen in every direction
of the country districts. Game War
den Avis experience in the woods
near Williamstown, recently, when;
he became surrounded by snakes when
looking for dogs running rabbits has
been confirmed by huckleberry pick
ers, who have run across them by
the score. Dead snakes, run over by
automobiles, lie all along the country
roads.
Fred Myers, a plumber of this city,
ran into big nest of snakes while
making repairs to an old house be-
tween here and Westville One of his
helpers, colored man, was the first
to find them, and Myers says the man
must be running yet, and he has not
reported for work II was sometime
before the place could be cleared so
that work could proceed. Farmers
frequently find single ones or nests
in the fields, but as rule do not dis
turb them, because the reptiles feed
on worms and insects, 10 the bene-
fit Of the farmer.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

COLLIDE AT JUNCTION.
Crowds of Sunday Excursionists in
Cars-Telescope and Pin Victims
Under Trucks.

Los Angeles, Cal, July 14-With
twelve persons known to be dead,
five fatally injured and forty in local
hospitals, it was expected today that
the death list in a traction wreck
on the outskirts Of Los Angeles last
night, will reach fifteen, and, per-
haps, twenty.
The crash occurred In cut at Vine
yard station, junction point. A Pa
tific interurban electric train ran in
to another filled with holiday crowds.
Among the injured several have but
a few hours to live.
Three cars approached the Vine
yard Station junction of the Santa
Monica and Venice interurban lines
at almost the same time. Trouble
with the overhead wires caused one
to come to halt and put out the dam
ger lighrs.
The motorman of the car follow
ing saw the stalled car ahead and
halted his train. He backed out of
the junction and YVES putting out
danger lights when the third inter-
urban following closely, crashed into
his train without warning.
Crowds of Sunday excursionists
f;}Iet, both cans. They telescoped each
ether and rolled over. the heavy
trucks pinning the victims under the
debris and mangling their bodies into
unrecognizable shapes.
Men and women, with legs and
arms crushed, but yet conscious, beg
ged passengers Of the first train to
shoot them and ned their sutferlngs.
The motorman Of the third car
was killed at his post.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
MANHOLE BROWNS BOY.
Wading in Street Pool Suddenly Dis
appears From Mates.

Reading, Pa, July IA. Following
the severe rainstorm Saturday night,
John Doylji, an S-year-old boy, who
with several companions were play
ing in the water which overflowed
the street in the lower section Of the
city, fell into an open nlanhole and
disappeared in the large storm sewer.
All night and today search has been
made in the sewer and men are drag
ging the Schuylkill where the sewer
empties, but without success.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
Reaper Frees Frog Jonah.

Hazelton, Pa, July 14.-Somewhere
in the Laurytown Valley big frog
is croaking thanks to H. n. Sloat,
of Rockport, who saved his life after
he had been swallowed by large
rattlesnake in Sloat's field.
Sloat. while rcaping, cut rattler
in half with the machine. From the
forward half of the snake wiggled the
frog after considerable effort, and
as he emerged from his involuntary
amode he leaed as in glee to escape
such a fate. The frog had evidently
been swallowed but short time he
fore the snake met his doom.
The snake had thirteen rattles.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
Richmond Youth Drowned.

Norfolk, Va, July 14.-Aubrey
Land, aged seventeen years of 1lO3
West Cary street, Richmond, son Of
Mrs. Anna Cousins, was drowned at
Ocean View yesterday under sensa-
,tional circumstances and after a
friend, David Satterfeld, of lid
north Twenty-ifth street, Richmond,
had made grave, but Intellectual eff
forts to save him.
Land who had been staying for the
past three weeks with his aunt, Mrs
NJ d. Burton. who has the Grace
cottage, was bathing off the Cason
cottage with his friend, David SAT
terheld.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Whether a strike of upward of 3d.
900 conductors and trsinmen on "a
Eastern railroads shall be declared
within the next few days depends
Upon whether the railroads recede
from their position and withdraw
from the refusal to arbitrate the
wage and other differences between
the companies and fthe men. This
declaration was made in New York
last night in statements by the mems
representatives after the grievance
committees from the various roads
gathered here in conference had rati-
fed the strike vote of the men recent
ly taken and had authorized A. B.
Garreston, president of the Brother
hood of Railway Conductors, and w.
G. Lee, president of the Brother
hood of Railway Trainment, to issue
the formal strike order to their re-
spective organizations.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
NEW UNIFORMS.

The new uniforms ordered from II
Fliedlander for the Alexandria Band
known as the Alexandria Musical AS
soci2tion, have just arrived and viii
be delivered to the members at once
The uniform is very attractive ard is
|of navy blue, trimmed in black and
white braid.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
Arrested as Swindler.

Norfolk, Va, July 14.-W. A.
Matthews was arrested in room ir
local hotel here Saturday night
accused of passing a worthless check
in Denver for $3.50. The police say
Matthews. is also wanted in Idaho fol
swindles aggresating $4,000. (, y
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
s8ecker Refused New Trial.

Charles Becker's APPLICATION for a
new trial on the charge of numbering
Herman Rosenthal, has bene denied
by Supreme Court Justice Golf in
New York. Counsel had sought to
reopen the case on the ground of new
ly discovered evidence.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

A report that a gasoline boat cap
sized last night opposite this city
was circulated this morning. Nobody
around the river front has heard of
any such accident.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
Three Women Drown.

Three women were drowned in the
Schuylkill river within the sight of
hundreds Of persons Saturday after
noon when their boat sprung leak
during q thunderstorm. The dead are
Mary Livergood, Of Norristown, Pa,
Miss Emma Rex. Norristown, Miss
Helen Green, Philadelphia. Miss
Green was the daughter of the Rev.
D. W. Green, pastos of the Chestnut
Hill Methodist church of Philadel-
phia.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Julial D. Knight has been awarded
he contract for extensive improve
ments to st. Mary's Academy, pre-
paratory to the beginning of the
school year.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Rebecca Harden, ormer resident OF
this city, died in Washington yester-
day. Her funeral will take place from
Wheatley's undertaking chapel to-
morrow morning.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
TELEGRAPH BREVITIES.

Chicago.-A speck of enamel from
a patients ,tooth sailed into the eye
OF Dentist Leroy Kerr while he was
drilling and cost him the sight of the
eye.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Chicago.-Another entry into the
"meanest man" competitions thief
who ran off with the Invalid chair
of Elmer Lyons, az S-year- old
cripple.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Boston.-A woman who mad been
staying at the Hotel Belvue whlre
she registered as "Mrs Struber, New
York." committed suicide by leaIping
from a window of her room on the
ninth floor.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Nine deaths. was the toll exacted
by the waters in and near New York
yesterday. Two men were drowned in
the Hudson when the canoe in which
they were rowing toward the New
Jersey shore was overturned. A
boatman lost his life in Newark
when he tried to rescue another man,
who also was drowned One man
met death reaching for his hat
while on float off Linden street,
Jersey City, and another was
drowned when he swan out too far
at New Dorp Beach. Another was
drowned in Hampstead harbor, while
two boys lost their lives near Coney
Island.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14
LOCAL BREVITIES.

J. w. Gaines, residing in West End,
has Plymouth Rock pullet which
laid an egg on the 9Th inst. The
chicken was Matched February Goth.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Standing on a chautauqua lecture
platform of Hendersonville, near
n. c., Secretary of State
William Jennings Bryan yesterday
declared that the salary paid hm by
the government is insufficient and
that he is forced to lecture in order to
supplement his income. He also de-
clared that there never will be an
other Democratic convention and that
candidate in future will be chosen by
direct primary.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Mr. Chsrles H. Zfmerman is spend
ing few days with his daughter at
their cottage at Colonial Beach.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Dr. r. Waring Lewis AMI Mr.. Ed
mund NJ Lewis, of Morratico, Va,
are the guests of Mr.. and Mrs. VIM.
Woolls, on Queen street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

London-Sylvia Pankhurst who was
sentenced to three months impris-
onn,ent last Tuesday mad threatened
a hunger strike has been released
from prison.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

The Pope is much annoyed over an
incipient mutiny among the Swiss
guards, who have the place of hon
or of all Vatican functions. One of
the guardsmen refused to perform
patrol duty, and was promptly ar
rested. His case was heard and he
was sentenced to two months i'm
prisonment. Others, on hearing of
this summary action, also declined
to do patrol duty, and were also ar
rested They will be punished.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Mrs. Annie A. Palmer, daughter Of
the late Captain John Palmer, was
married at Salem, Va, to DR.. Geo.
AL. zKolmer, of Richmond, Va.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Two persons were killed and a num-
ber injhiured last night in a collision
of two Baltimore and Ohio passenger
trains near Cambridge, Ohio, so miles
west of Wheeling, W. Va.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1913-07-14

Patrick Conrisky, aged 80, Of Jer-
sew City, who was under arrest yes
terdhy for vagrancy, committet9 sui
eide in the county jail yesterday at
Newburgh, N. Y, fty hanging himself
to the cell bars with a shoestring.