Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-10-07

the colonel proposing to make II one
OF many aspects aside from the pleas
ure of 1t. His chief interest probably
lies in the proposed penetration OF the
interior of Brazil with party OF fel-
low naturalists under the auspices OF
the American Museum Of Natural His
tory. but the earlier part Of the six
months which he will spend In South
America will be devoted to addresses
upon American democracies, which ne
has been invited to deliver before uni
versities and other bodies A trip IN
to Patagonia to visit an out or the
way mission snd two CROSSINGS OF the
continent to Santiago de Chile and
back to Buent,s Aires, will be the 9TH
er features of his journey. Those
who are in the colonel's: party include
Mrs. Roosevelt and Miss Margaret
Roosevelt, who will make the round
trip on the Vandyck; Anthony F1ala,
the Polar explorer, who has charge OF
the expeditions equipment; g. K.
Cherry and Leo L. Miller, naturalists
of the American Museum Of Natural
History; Frank Harper, Col. Roose-
velt's secretary, and the Rev. Father
John Augustine Zahn, provincial OF the
order of the Holy Cross, former neld
companion Of the colonel. The natur-
alists will start into the interior snort
ly after their arrival in Brazil, to be
ioined by the colonel after he has
finished his lectures, which will be In
December. It will probably be April
before the party returns to civiliza-
ton.
Oficials of the treasury depart
ment are at sea to know what con-
gress actually meant by the provision
OF the new tariff law allowing nve
per cent reduction Of duties on goods
imported in American ships with the
condition that the differential should
not be construed to abroGate or I'M
pair any existing treaty between the
United States and a foreign nation.
Literally interpreted, 1t is declared the
provision would give five per cent
decrease to goods in American bottoms
and automatically grant the same
privilege to the ships Of the many ma
tions whose treaties with the United
States guarantee no discrimination be.
tween their vessels and those OF
America. This construction, whicn
would be a reasonable reduction Of nve
per cent In the tariff for Importation
from most Of the great countries OF
the world, involves probably ten MIL
lions in revenue for the government,
creating deficit instead OF q surplus
In the treasury as has been estimated
bv the tariff trainers. The question
undoubtedly will be referred to Presi.
dent Wilson and Attorney General
McReynolds and ultimately will reacn
the United States supreme court. Inc
state and treasury departments al
reaffy are in consultation over the er-
feet of the provision, the first snag
struck in the new law. Whatever the
Interpretation of the provision for ma
tions with these guarantees for eQuau-
ty. It Is pointed out other serious
question arises as to % nations whose
treaties with this country do not guar
antee against discrimination. Coun-
tries which thus will be charged the
full Underwood duties in any event are.
Brazil, Chile, China, Dominican ne
public, Ecuador, France, German em-
ISire iexcept several German states),
Greece, Guatemala, Hayti, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama, Persia, Peru,
Portugal, Russia, Salvador, Siam,
Switzerland, Turkey, Uruguay ano
Venezuela. The treaty with Great
Britain does not guarantee equality
OF Treatment for vessels OF her COLO
nies, such as Canada and Australia.
-Thos, M; Osborne, chairman Of the
reform, sfter spending a week In Au-
burn prison as an inmate for the pur-
pose Of studying the prison system,
ended his self imposed term last Sun
day afternoon. Mr.. Osborne was pale
and tired and showed the marks OF
his ordeal when he left the prison:
His experiment included a taste OF
every experience possible for an In
mate to undergo aside from electro
cution. He even committed misdeeds
Saturday and was incarcerated In the
dungeon cells; and he lay on his
back in the prison Jail from 3 O'Clock
Saturday until 6 o'clock Sunday morn
ing, his ration consisting Of three gills
of water and three slices Of bread. He
declared this part Of his experience
took him into the "innermost circle
of inferno" He Is positive the fruits
Of his weeks stay In prison will De
valuable to the commission. i am
more than ever confirmed IN my pre-
vious opinion" he said, that the
prison system is singularly uninteli-
gent ineffective and cruel. While 1t
is not advisable for me to attempt to
formulate any detailed criticism OF
the prison system at this time, be-
cause I am tired and bewildered,
there are one or two things that 1t
may be well to mention while they are
fresh in mind. The prison system Is
a form Of slavery. The great truths
enunciated by Lincoln and others
against slavery are equally applicable
to prison slavery. 1t takes from the
convict his own initiative and free
dom Of action and he becomes an tr-
responsible automaton, unable to
guide his own destiny when he re-
turns to the outside world Another
unintelligent aspect Is the way the
system inevitably tends toward MAX
ing punishment for small offenses the
same as for great offenses. There Is
no difference between the offense OF
a man who speaks in the shop and
a man who tries to kill his keeper
with a crow bar. Both are treated
to the dungeon. I was amazed at the
amount of splendid courage, fine feel
ing and the neighborly interest dis
played by the inmates toward each
other.
Washington, October 8: Political
Washington, relieved Of the long
drawn out consideration of the tariff,
will focus its attention this week on
the second of the Democratic reform
misunderstanding and currency legis-
lation. Though the administration
currency bill easily passed the house,
its pathway in the senate admittedly
is full of obstacles. At present the
banking committe has not yet begun
consideration Of the bill. Predictions
at the Capitol are general that the
senate committee will be at work for
q month on the measure. While there
was unanimity on tariff revision, wild
ly divergent views are held by DEM
ocratic senators on banking reform. A
strong desire for a single bank with
branches, under government control,
instead Of a regional reserve system
Of banks, has made its appearance in
the informal discussion. Other chang
es of a far reaching character are be-
ing suggested and it is regarded gen.
orally as doubtful IL bill satisfactory
to the senate banking committee can
reach the floor Of the senate before
the middle Of November. At the
White House there is confidence that
the bill will be passed this session or
be placed on the statute books be-
fore the first of the year. The presi-
dent wants thorough consideration OF
the currency bill and any improve
ment that the senate can make upon
the measure as passed by the house,
will be welcome. His disposition,
however is to strongly oppose any