davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

keeping of ice and dairy products.
shelves for the storage and keeping
One dry, dark and cool room of the
basement should be fitted with
of canned and preserved fruits. There
is no better place than good room
in the basement for the storage of
these food products. A good cellar
full of foods is one good part of
country living.
In planning and building the base
ment to the farm dwelling always
provide for present or future heat
ing and plumbing, as we'll as for gas
or electric lighting. The basement
must be drained to make the room
dry and the living rooms sanitary. In
laying the drain use vitrified sewer
tilling and cement and smooth joints
to make them alright and water
tight. Then when bath and toilet are
installed the drain pipes can lead di-
rectly into the drain without change.
Make the outside entrance large and
wide enough so that large objects
can be carried into and out of the
basement with ease. The large out
side opening will permit of the easy
installation of a heating plant, eth
err at the time of construction or in
after years. The floor, rooms ana
ceiling of the basement c6n be ar
ranged at the time of construction for
future installation of plumbing, heat
ing and lighting equipment.
After the planning of the shape of
the dwelling and the arrangement of
rooms on the main floor and second
floor (if there is to be second fioor),
materials used in the general con-
struction must be considered. Always
purchase the best material that can
be afforded. This should be the rule
whether you expect to live in the
house yourself short or long time.
1t is almost the same IS throwing
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

places brick will be cheapest and
best, while in other places stone or
concrete will be cheaper and better.
In any locality where sand, gravel
and field stones are abundant, or
even plenty of sand and gravel with
a short haul, concrete foundation
walls will prove cheapest and best in
every way. Other advantages of con-
crete for foundation walls is that it
hardens with time and also that it
is not affected in the least by mois-
ture, but becomes harder and strong
er with age in the presence of mois-
ture. Good brick and stone will last
a very long time under a dwelling,
but stones exist on the farm, and
which should be removed from the
land, concrete foundation work can
be done cheaply by using the stones
as filters. Z
No good dwelling is really complete
without spacious basement. The
good basement, with reasonably high
ceiling, is almost equal to an added
story. A great many Easements are
put to little use because they are
low, damp and dark. This part
of the house can be made high, light
and dry at comparatively small extra
cost. Drainage, which every baset-
ment should have, will make it dry
Running the walls about three feet
above ground and providing windows
will furnish light to all parts and fin
ishing the walls will give this part of
the dwelling an inviting appearance.
There should be good wide stair
way inside down to the basement
rooms and wide covered steps out
side. A clean, roomy and convenient
dwelling basement on the farm is
valuable as in it many food products
can be stored for winter use, and
separate rooms may be used in it for
other good purposes, such as for the
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

money away to purchase cheap ma
terial for a dwelling that is expected
to stand permanently. Where wood
enters largely into construction, all
woodwork exposed to the weather
should be of the most durable kind.
The more durable woods, of course,
will cost more; yet they will last en-
ough longer and remain in better
shape with weathering to more than
Justify the extra difference in cost.
Cedar, cypress, poplar and redwood
ere the best kinds of outside nnlsh'
Where wooden shingles are used for
roofing, only the best grade OF cedar
or cypress should be considered, as
they will last two or three times as
long and shed water better than any
of the cheaper kinds. Tile, slate and
asbestos mako the best and most dur
able roof, yet they are more expensive
TINA other kinds. The tile roof is
the most durable and beautiful ROOF
that can be placed on dwelling, yet
it requires heavy supports and Is
more expensive generally. Yet II
you can afford it, use tile roof for
durability and beauty. 1t will pay
in the end on a really good house.
Galvanized iron in different forms
makes a clean and reasonably good
roof, good grades costing about the
same as wooden shingles. Felt roof
ing material is often used on dwell
ings, yet only the heaviest and best
grades should be employed for this
purpose. In using felt on the dwell
ing be sure before it is laid that it
will not faint the roof water where it
is to be run into a cistern for house
hold use.
The outside walls of the dwelling
may be of brick, wood, concrete
blocks or stucco plastering. Natural
stone is seldom used now in dwelling
construction. When cost is consider
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

Following is an address, in part, of
John J. Ferguson of Chicago, deliver
ed before the National Association of
Managers of Farmers Cooperative
companies;
In the last ten years the human
population of continental United
States increased about 81 per cent.
1t is very difficult to secure correct
figures covering live stock popula-
ton and production, but data given
by the U. S. department of agricul-
ture may be taken as approximately
and relatively correct. Department
figures show a heavy and steadily
growing increase. In brief, with hui
man population rapidly increasing
there is no corresponding increase in
the meat food supply to feed them.
AS against this marked decrease in
prouction, due to purely economic
reasons, we must place an increas-
ing number of consumers and mark
ed increase in wealth producing pow
err which means purchasing power on
the part of the nation at large. APP
petite and demand for high grade
meats is steadily increasing. The
people regard meat as absolutely nee
essary and essential for their we'll
being. If the spread between supply
and demand continues at current
rates meat will soon be classed among
the Injuries of life entirely beyond
reach of average wage-earners.
Scientifically equipped and eco
nomically operated modern packing
houses are doing their part in the
way of conserving every pound of
product from cattle, sheep and hogs
fit for human food. The wholesome,
but less appetizing portions which
our grandfathers overlooked are now
so carefully handled they form a
valuable contribution to the food sup
ply. Even the most careful economy
is but a fractional factor in. solving
this problem.
The days of wholesale production
of cattle on the open range have
passed never to return in this coun-
try. Farm labor is scarce and high
priced. Farmers are prosperous and
as their prosperity increases they are
less and less inclined to fuss around
with cattle, sheep and hogs, preferr-
ing to take first profits, though small,
on the grain and coarse feeds which
they produce. Increased production
must begin on the small average
farm. This will not be until the farm
err realizes better than he does today
that producing market live stock Is
good business sense and that ulti-
mately increased profits will newt
ably follow persistent live stock pro-
duction intelligently carried on. Gov.
eminent, federal and state are
spending vast sums to encourage ag-
riculture and live stock. CONNER
cial clubs, banking mems associaA
lions and bankers over the country
have seen for several years and have
advised against the tendency of the
times in the live stock business. Man
agement of trunk line railroads have
installed farm and live stock promo
ton bureaus, which are having good
influence. Railroads have equipped
and operated over their lines at great
expense special live stock demonstra-
ton trains carrying to the man on the
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12
THE DAIRY COW

Seventy miles from the North Da-N
kota line, in Todd county Minnesota q
creamery was established in 1900
with 3S patrons. It was small be-
ginning and in that section noted for
its long hard winters. The results
that followed should be of interest
to dairy and other farmers in south
ern Idaho
The first year the total business
OF the creamery was less than $4,000.
The business of the creamery for
1912 amounted to $121,30028. an
average of over $4,000 per month.
The success that attended the efforts
of the early dairymen brought others,
so that in 1912 there were 10 other
creameries in that county. The but
ter sold by these creameries last .ytar
amounted to over one million dollars.
Another evidence of what cream
cries accomplish is furnished in the
bank statements. When the first
creamery was started the total depos-
it's in the banks of Todd county, waS!N
$164660.11. In March of this year
after IL years of cooperative dairy
ing we find the bank deposits had in
creased to $1,641, 1888. A degree of
prosperity almost unbelievable has
followed in the wake of the dairyman.
Canyon, Ada and counties on the
Twin Falls tract should be even bet
ter than has Todd county, Minnesota,
for better soil and for better climatic
conditions belong to Idaho counties.
The development in southern Idaho
during the last year has been very
great but the success that Is notice
able indicates a greater growth in
the future.
The dairy COW and her assistant,
the Duroc or Poland China hog Will
in few years make southern Idaho
the most prosperous farming section
in the United States. There will be
other industries here but the dairy
industry is bound to become para
mount owing to superior natural adj
vantages.
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

land practical lessons proving that
satisfactory profits follow live stock
operations.
The meat packers at central live
stock markets have but little direct
connection with the producers of live
stock. A packer is manufacturer
who depends upon the man on the
farm for his supply of raw material.
He must look to the consuming pub
lie for an outlet for his various finish
ed products on in the form of fresh or
cured meats and products incidental
to their manufacture. The packer is
the central connecting link between
producer and consumer. He must
conduct his operations in line with
supply and demand, so that open
markets will be maintained at good
prices to encourage the production of
livestock and their products so eco
nomically that the cnsumer will be
encouraged to buy meats. These OPP
erations take up the time of the
packers so very fully that little time
is left for live stock promotion work.
It is a remarkable fact that dur
ing the last ten years, when produc-
tion of live stock has been decreas-
ing, prices of live stock and their
products have been slowly but steadi-
ly advancing to that lack of inter-
est in the business and decreased pro-
duction have not come as result
of discouraging market prices for
live stock.
Why is More Live Stock Not Pro-
duced?
You ask any farmer in the middle
west, and he will give you the follow
ing.
1. Corn belt land at $4,000 per
acre can no longer be profitably used
for pasture.
2. SO acres of SO bushel corn sold
at soc per bushel brings the farmer
81, $4,000 per year, which will give
him and family comfortable check
ing account. Most farmers work on
the line of least resistance so they
do not care t. undertake the extra
labor of marketing the corn crop even
for more money in the form of beef,
mutton or pork.
8. The hired man problem is the
most discouraging factor in the av-
erage farm today. Good labor has
gone west or into the cities and
towns, but even so, the more or less
efficient farm help available is asking
two or three times the wages Of
twenty years ago. Rather than un-
dertake the unending struggle many
farmers have yielded to the pres
sure of these three factsors and have
become what are known in the north
west as grain miners" AS against
these discouragements here are some
of the benefits which come to the
stock farmer.
Advantages of Live Stock
1. The live stock farmer is not
dependent upon one or more grain
crops of uncertain yield and price.
When he has fat cattle, sheep or
hogs to sell he is sure an open mar
ket is waiting every working day in
the year. His live stock is the same
as cash in bank and almost anywhere
can be realized upon inside of "a
hours. Live stock returns are not
spasmodic when the business is prop
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12
Building Farm Home Convenient and Practical

ed and the best material used, there
is not much difference between WOOD
brick, concrete and plaster outside
walls. There will be some difference
of course, in different localities, &C.
cording to the scarcity or abundance
of materials close at hand. With the
present popularity of concrete, It's
durability considered, and the rela-
tive cheapness of the materials enter
ing into it in most sections of the
country, no doubt this materials will
be largely used in dwelling construc-
ton in the future. Good lumber will
soon cost more than brick or con-
CRETE. Where wood is used in out
side walls it should be heavily paint
ed Immediately and kept in good
paint.
Every dwelling house in any eli
mate. and especially in mild or warm
climates, should have a wide porch
at least on one side. The good porch
is an added rest room to the dwell
ing for mild and warm weather. 1t
makes the structure look wider, more
substantial and more restful. 1t Is
best to build the porch or 10 feet !
wide. A narrow porch is never SER
viceable. If the porch is on the south
east or west side of the dwelling,
it can easily be glazed in and be used
for sun parlor during late fall, win
ter and early spring. During the
summer the glazed sash can be re-
moved to make the porch cool for
summer use.
In planning the dwelling do not
forget to provide plenty of fues. Let
all be large il interior diameter, and
extend from the floor of the basement
to we'll above the highest point of the
roof. No chimney of narrow inside
diameter will draw we'll, and it will
always prove annoying if small and
low on the roof. Any aue built up
on wooden support in room and
not having good foundation in the
ground is not safe, and will increase
insurance rates. The flue must be
laid in the best lime mortar and
heavily plastered on the inside from.
top to bottom for safety. The more
furnace or stove pipes emptying
smoke or gases. The chimney, large
inside and extending some distance
above the highest point of the roof,
will draw PERFECTLY.
The best interior wall finish for
walls is the common three-coat lime
and hard finish on wood or metal
lath. This will take papering or 9TH
er forms of decoration perfectly, and
will give the best all-around satisfac-
tion almost indefinitely. Interior
wood trimming may be of hard or
soft wood. Sine of the softer and
cheaper woods stained with water
colors, make beautiful trimming.
Above all things use the best hard
wood for all the floors of the dwell
ing. Narrow oak or maple boards
are the best for this purpose, oak be-
ing more expensive but more beauti-
full when polished. Not only are hard
wood floors more beautiful than soft
woods, but they are much easier to
clean, and are far more sanitary, the
last of which is of great Importance
in a dwelling.
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12
Advantage Of Livestock On the Farm

erly handled. Further, if he is
speciality live stock farmer his crop
is ready when the supply is light and
the price at the high point.
Q, The man on the farm who sells
off wheat, oats or corn is selling raw
material on which number of men
will later make a manufacturers pro-
fit. The producer of raw material is
usually relatively the most badly paid
man in the line.
8. Growing and fattening live
stock permits the continuous econom-
ical employment of farm labor, which
in a system of exclusive grain farm
ing is needed only at special seasons
when labor is scarce and price conse-
quently high.
4. Pasturing of live stock and ro-
tation of crops needed to supply them
with the necessary feed is natures
own best prescription for clean farms
free from weeds.
5. The same system of crop rota-
ton together with the growing and
fattening of cattle, sheep and hogs
permits in the highest degree conser-
walton of natural soil fertility, which
is the prime object of every good
farmer.
6. In sections devoted exclusive
ly to grain growing there is time
every year when farmers complain
of shortage of cars, lack of elevator
capacity and congestion Of loaded
cars at terminals. Every one wants
to ship grain at the same time and
every one cannot be accommodated.
The daily movement of live stock to
market means not only daily revenue
for the farmers, but also prevents
in the most sensible way railway
congestion, enabling railroads to
give all classes of shippers more reg
ular and uniformly better service.
7. Live stock in the hands of the
farmer furnishes him the best pos
sible security to be offered his local
banker. When farmer wants lit
tie money for permanent improve
ments on his land or any other legiti-
mate purpose American bankers have
found cattle paper absolutely safe
and liquid in times of financial peace
or panic.
Cooperative Improvement
Cooperative ownership and use of
purebred sires for improving breeds
of cattle, sheep and swine is already
an accomplished and profitable fact
in many communities. Many small
farmers feel they cannot afford to pay
relatively high prices asked for pure
bred sires of approved quality.
In Denmark system of co-opea-
tive live stock improvement has been
followed for years, resulting in dairy
ing and bacon industries in Denmark
having become models of the world.
From our knowledge of the bust
ness we are satisfied you will be per-
fectly safe in using your best efforts
to stimulate cooperative live stock
improvement over the country. Live
stock prices may not and probably
will not remain at their present high
levels, but if they drop the prices for
grain and coarse feeds will take a
corresponding drop so that the scale
of live stock profits would still be
very satisfactory.
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1913-09-12

Subscribe for the Republican.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1913-09-05

Once more we hear talk of an unsuitable ship
remarks the New York Commercial. An English
inventor claims to have solved the problem, nut
his experiments have been confined to a small
model only four feet in length and nine inches
wide SO the problem of applying his system 10 a
vessel 500 or l. 900 feet in length is by no means
solved.
Few people outside of practical shipbuilders and
nayIgators understand the difference between a
large vessel and small one in point OF structural
strength The strongest vessel that floats In the
water is a common rowboat. One can take an or
binary rowboat and carry it by the ends or 1t
can rest on cleats under each end without break
ing in the middle but the strongest man-of-war
or ocean liner that floats today would break in
two If subjected to similar strain. The larger
a vessel the weaker 1t becomes in this respect.
and for this reason many apparently good ideas
which work out we'll in model form have failed
utterly when applied to large vessels.
1t is doubtful II any real progress in building
ships has been made since the days OF the Great
Eastern as far as the use OF water-tght compart-
ments and bulkheads is concerned. The designer
of the Great Eastern divided that vessel into cell
luiar compartments, and no Improvement on this
plan has as yet been made, although It is not used
extensively because II requires too many hatches
for the loading and unloading of cargo.
The invention to which reference has been
made consists OF surrounding the vessel with
watertight belt divided into cells for the purpose
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1913-09-05
CXZHLAN5 ATA2xE
Rag4aaaaD

favor with the English winter spa The old
village of Vernet which faces the luxurious
grounds OF the modern etablissement, is a typical
Catalan village. and. owing to its situation, Is
strangely picturesque. The red roofs OF the
crumbng houses cover both man and beast, and
the narrow twisting streets follow the outline
mountain hamlets. but they crowned by a
medieval church and chateau. and framed by
distant blue and purple heights. Near at hand
Mont Cangou erects his snowy head For the
Catalans Mont Canigou is the "delectable noun
tain," an object of admiring wonder, almost a
legendary god
Another spa. made fashionable by the Romans.
is Amelie-es- Bans. trim, Spanishlooking town
close on the frontier whose warm climate at
tracts the French consumptive. Not far from
Amelie is the pass across which Hannibal led MS
legions on the historic march to Italy. The
Romans had previously sent ambassadors to beg
the Galatians not to allow the Carthagnian mer-
cenaries to traverse their territory, but to turn
them back. Hannibal however. contrived to
fatter the owners of the SOIL Galatians and Garth
aginans made friends. and the soldiers were al
lowed free passage. The Col de Perthuis-Han-
nibals route-and another Catalonian col are the
only two passes across the Pyrenees which are
convenient means of egress or retreat to Moor
ish and Spanish invaders. Had there been no
good passage through the great chain the his
tory of the Galatians must have been less cheq
uered and the Catalonian seaboard might not
have formed fairway for the restless warrior
peoples of medieval Europe.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1913-09-05
SHIPS WHICH WILL NOT SINK

of giving the vessel greater buoyancy as 1t sinks
in the water. There is really nothing new In
this ideea and it has been applied successfully In
building lifeboats and other small vessels. 1t
adds to the width of the vessel above the water
line and the inventor is wrong in claiming that 1t
would not interfere with its cargocarrying capa-
city.
Modern steamships safe enough when at
sea- SO far as the storms and lashing of the waves
are concerned. The dangers that threaten them
are collisions with other vessels. with dereicts or
with icebergs, and. of course running ashore or
on a rock in a dense fog. Take two vessels OF
equal size crossing each others paths, let one
strike the other amidships and the vessel struck
would be cut in two II the other were going at full
speed The tremendous force of the blow Ia al
most beyond calculation. In the case of yes
sci the size of the new Imperator, 1t would prob
ably be equal to a striking force of 100000 foot
tons No cellular belt any other conceivable
construction would ship under such condi-
tions The thing to do is to avoid all such risks
as far as possible. The Titanic was lost because
its captain had much confidence in Its unsink'
able construction.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1913-09-05

wouldn't have missed 1t for worlds.
Where do we go next?'
Third floor l replied. I'll see
what they've got up there. Hurry!
There's an elevator going up now.'
81 scooted to it and he followed just
in time to squeeze in. OF course he
was the only man creature and he
looked as if he felt 1t deeply, but his
smile was radiant 1t didn't take me
long to finish with the voiles, and
started for those lingerie waists.
What? oh, there were some bargains.
of course, but nothing in my size,
worse luck! and no small sizes at all,
or I'd have taken chance on one for
you. 1t was fascinating, looking at
them, though. must have spent near
ly an hour there, and l nearly missed
getting any choice of the belts. Mr..
Burr was still serene, but he began to
do some of his following with his eyes,
while he anchored himself on stool.
Well, dearie,, 1 took him to ruchings, l
took him to veilings. went up to
house furnishings and down to curtain
scrim l marshaled him along corri-
dors, I wound him around counters, l
jammed him in elevators and drew
him into surging mobs of wild-eyed
remnant fiends. BY noon his collar
was wilted and deep lines showed
around his mouth. He asked me then
If it wasn't about time to go some.
where and get lunch.
"'Good gracious!' said, I haven't
time for lunch. Here. we'll go up into
the grocery department and get few
samples. They're demonstrating 9
new kind of bouillon.'