davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

troubled waters 1t will also make It
the easier for Col. Crosby to induce
Congress to make the needed appro-
priation. although there Is little dan
ger OF slip-up In that direction Tor
ii Is a sort OF unwritten Java time
honored tradition as II were--that
Congress must, without Quibbie. pro-
vide the President OF the United
States with any funds he may need
fer the maintenance Of his dwelling
ana Its furnishings Moreover the
whole amount needed in this present
Instance will be less than $4,000 SO
that there will be no chance for the
cry or extravagance that has been
raised against one or two OF our Presi-
dents In the matter of their White
House expenditures.
On the face. OF IL this latest scheme
for eHlarging the White House con-
stitutes project for providing more
room for the new White House fam
ily--the new tenants that take pos
session on March 4. Yet, as a matter
OF fact, President elect Wilson has
been for the most part 8 passive figure
In the matter. He didn't know any
thing about 1t or that 1t was contem-
plated until Col. Crosby tourneyed to
New Jersey one day early this year
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

and submitted the plans which the
President elect hastcned to approve.
Thus. though this interesting project
La to be carried out dr-ing the Wilson
regime, 1t comes about through no
initiative of the Wilson family who
will benefit by IL.
It Is not. you understand, that this
plan would not have worked out in
just the same way IL the President
elect had proposed it, Nor Is 1t meant
to insinuate that ID would not have
been etiquette for the incoming Presi-
dent to make such wish known. On
the contrary 1t is the privilege OF a
newly chosen Chief Magistrate To re-
quest any White House alterations
that may strike his fancy, just as 1t is
one OF the perQuisites OF a new First
Lady of the Land TO. order new
china dinner service II she Is so in
clined and Congress. as above ex-
planned, Ia in honor bound to foot
the bill without hemming or having.
The main purpose of the White
House changes Of 1918 is to provide
additional guest chambers In the Man
sion. The need OF 4dittonai accom-
modations OF this kind has been a
matter of comm emit fsr years past In
intimate White House circles and the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

named receive few cents bonus in
addition to small wages. BY this
means of operating the fish factory
owners are assured that their vessels
viii always be busy and that the
catch will be as great as possible.
From the crows nest" the skipper
directs the course of the vessel. his
commands being relayed by q deck
hand to the pilot house and in re-
Spouse to "Starboard your Wheel" and
Port your wheel" the course Is
steered.
When a school OF fish has been
sighted the vessel Is run to within
500 to coo yards and stopped. 1t is
the clang of the bell in the engine
room to signal the vessel to stop that
arouses the crew OF 2o-odd darktes
who constitute Inc purse boat crew
that their work Is at hand and they
nimbiy spring to their stations.
First over the rail goes small
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

Is ready and it Is not many days be-
fore some Of the Off shore pilots bring
In the glad tidings that the mem
haden have been sighted as they make
their way from the Gulf northward to
the cooler waters.
About the latter part OF the month
the fish are reported OF Cape Henry.
q couple weeks later on Cape Hen
iopen and two or three weeks later
on Nantucket shoals 50 that by April
the sea fishing season II In full blast
from the coast Of Florida to Long
Island Sound and "all hands and the
cook" are alert to get their toll.
II there ever was an Industry which
can be compared to hunting for a
needle In q haystack 1t IL menhaden
fishing; It. IL q striking example Of
what skill. knowledge aid keen eyes
will accomplish for the catcher OF the
oil fish must possess all three OF these
attributes else he will not be sue
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23
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diets that when the changes have been
completed a person can walk ali
around the White House and view all
Of Its four sides without being able
to detect any evidence of alteration.
As a matter Of fact, it is proposed to
admit daylight to the new rooms that
are to be created by means of several
new skyiights and some additional
windows but the former will scarcely
be visible unless one inspects the
White House from an aeroplane and
the new windows will be completely
hidden by the massive railing or baius-
trade which, fortunately for the pres
emit purpose. extends entirely around
the White House and screens the man
sard roof in which the new windows
will be placed.
With the new quarters provided IN
the attic the White House will be-
come In literal truth. a four-story
rnansion-ouite q contrast from the
two-story dwelling as it appeared In
the eyes of tourists up to a few years
ago. On the first or ground floor are
located the coat rooms used a. so
cial functions: reception and retiring
rooms for the guests: q corridor
wherein is displayed the collection OF
White House china: the kitchens; and
the laundry. On the second or main
floor are the state parlors----the East
Room, Green Room, Blue Room and
Red Room--the state and private DIM
ing-rooms and Il spacious buffers
pantry. The third floor--the private
apartments of the Presidential fam
iiy-contains seven bedroom suites as
above mentioned. a central corridor
used as a family sitting-room; IL
brary; and the Presidents study or
den" the most interesting room in
the White House because 1t Is most
intimately associated with the per-
sonaity of the President. The fourth
floor Is. of course. the attic the status
Of which under the new arrangement
has already been explained. The
White House addition will help to
enable the President to spend his
larger salary. for. whereas Uncle Sam
will furnish the new rooms, the Presi-
dent viii have to pay out of his own
| pocket for the chambermaids and 9TH
or workers who may be needed to
keep In order these additional apart
| ments.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

President are at home, that 1t has
been found necessary to place beds In
several of the so-cailed dressing rooms
and to have these rooms do service as
bedrooms.
The officials whose duty 1t Is to
make the Presidential family comfort
able while they are in the White
House have figured it out that the
wilson household will IN reality need
more room in the private part of the
Mansion than either the Tafts or the
Roosevelts. To be sure, In number,
the three Junior members OF the Taft
family counterbalance those of the
Wilson family but 1t must be borne
in mind that two of the Taft trio are
young men who have been at the
White House but seldom save in COL
lege vacation intervals whereas Presi-
dent-eleot Wilson has three grown
daughters who will presumably be
at home most of the time and who will
probably invite more house guests
than did the masculine members of
the Taft family. AS for conditions
during the Roosevelt regime, the chill
dren, except one daughter, were
younger at hAS Lac A~V Ul3GAt
boys were away at school: and there
were fewer house guests.
It has been accepted. all along. that
the only way out OF the dilemma at
the White House was to provide more
guest rooms. thereby relieving. of
course. conditions affecting the suites
of the members OF the Presidents i'm
mediate family. But how to accom-
pIish this has been another matter, in
asrnuch as most OF the architects who
have looked into the subject have de-
clared that the only way to provide
more rooms In the White House was
to raise the roof and 1t was realized
that such dissertation would provoke
opposition that Congress might be I'M
BILE to ignore @-~,s=g
Now along comes the resourceful
Col. Crosby with a solution which
seems to be acceptable TO everybody.
He proposes. by wave of the archi-
tecturaI wand, to create half dozen
rooms out of thin air In the White
House attic and IN doing 80 he pro-
poses to disturb not a. bit the aspect
OF the White House az viewed from
the exterior. Indeed. Col. Crosby pre-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

hangs it's sIivery. giittering contents
over the hold Then the third man
makes fast the slack OF the dump
line and as the engine lowers the net
1t overturns and the fish rattle like
hail on the floor of the hold. One
'scaup" every3 seconds ts considered
to be quick work and that means that
the fsh are taken or board at the
rate OF close to 1000 per minute.
Theirs Is never any certainty of the
number of Ash that may be caught at
one time. for the schools may run
from 5000 to one million and while
the latter catches are few there ara
numerous instances of catches of 6o0,-4
900; indeed, one steamer captain on
the Chesapeake Bay in 1912 caught
s.0oo.8e fish In one week. Twice In
that period he brought In his vessel
laden to capacity, which Is 10000
fish, and on both occasions he caught
all of his fish out OF two schools.
The standing order to the fishermen
Is to come In about shutdown" there &
fore II there are only a few thousand
fish in the hold when darkness settles
the steamers make their way to the
factories. This is due largely to tho
poor keeping qualities of the mem
haden for. being so oily, they rapidly
decompose when the weather Is warm
and in decomposing they lose much OF
their value "a scrap.
Therefore as soon as vessel Is
loaded or at shutdown the feet makes
It's way to the factory and when tied
up the work OF unloading begins The
steamers are unloaded with an endless
chain bucket in chute. pretty much
like grain Is handled. The big chute
or elevator Is lowered into the hold
and a dozen or more men pitch-fork
the fish into its mouth.
The elevator raises the fish to the
very top OF the factory and they are
automatically dumped into box
which holds almost an even 1000
FISH. When the box Is full man
pulls q lever which opens the bottom
OF the box and at the same time reg
listers / on an indicator. As the fish
drop from the box they fan on
bucket carrier which conveys them to
the big steam cookers which nave =
capacity of several thousand eacn.
After 80 minutes OF cooking the nsn
are run into the presses ana squeezed
until they are mashed out OF all re-
semblance 10 fish. 1t Is at this potnI
that the oil and the nsh sepaTaeo oA0
the Ssh become what Is known a.
scrap.
The oil Is boiled and chemically
treated and pumped into tanks where
It is permitted to settle until ready to
be drawn into barrels and go on the
market.
The fsh scrap is run from tha
presses into long iron cylinders ~
which there q C. is OF steam pipes
called ds--ers, and after being thor
oughIy heated and dried out. u run
through other cylinders and twisted oys
big screw like arms until u mas cooseas
after which Il is carried to the STORE.
house where 1t Is bagged. In the
handling of the scrap mechanical CON
yeyors are employed and not until Il
reaches the storehouse II II toucne0S
BY human hands and then only e 80 n,
banged. ....-.-.--
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23
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n nee again important changes
are to BIO made In that dwelling
which. from every consideration
OF popular interest, sentimental
regard. and historical significance.
must be accounted "the first residence
OF America" Fortunately, for the
sake Of tradition. the changes in the
White House which win be carried
out this year. IL Congress votes the
money. will not alter the exterior ap
pearance OF the Presidential Mansion.
Only the interior will be affected by
this project, but. OF course. that does
not detract from It's Importance.
In this respect then, this present
proposal for doing over" the Execu-
tive Mansion ia not SO radical as that
reconsideration Of the White House
which took place during tho admin
istration OF President Roosevelt. But
maybe 1t la just as well that 1t IL not
for our readers may remember that a
great hue and cry was raised when
Roosevelt undertook to make ever the
Presidential Mansion under the guild
anee and advice OF several eminent
architects. 1t didn't seem to matter
either that the strenuous tenant was
aiming merely to restore the White
House TO the architectural status that
obtained In ths early days OF the cap
itaI and to carry out the original
ideas OF the statesmen who planned
4 Presidents Palace" The twentistsz
century critics lost sight of all else In
tho mere fact that a hailowed edif7ce
was being tempered with and although
the reconstruction project WAS pushed
through to the ultimate satisfaction
OF nearly everybody 1t was done only
In the face OF hood OF letters and
resolutions of protest.
When. sariy In 1ais. 1T began to be
whispered about In Washington that
the powers that be had plans afoot
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

vawi in which there ir but one man,
the striker" and as he rows rapidly
toward the far side OF the fish the
darkies lower the purse boats from
| the davits, jump in. seize the oars and
row to the near side OF the fish. thus
putting the fish between the boats.
In the meantime the striker" has
carefully noted the direction in which
the fish are moving and he heads
them off, turning them toward the
purse boats. 1t requires consider
| able knowledge of the habits of mon
baden to drive them. Sometimes the
school declines to be driven and
rushes past the striker" In spite of
his splashing with his oars. Again
the school dives deep. changes its
course ami escapes.
As general rule, however. the
striker" is successful and as soon ~
he sees the fish turn he shouts to
the purse boats and they separate,
| each boat paying out net until the
boats are 500 feet to 800 feet apart
with their net 20 feet to rs feet deep.
Then the two boats draw together
until they have completed circle
around the fish.
Again comes a bit of delicate work
for although the fish may be encom-
passed they are by no means caught
ana often the fish get away by diving
under the net. The moment the boats
are together the crew begins to haul
the purse lines which draw together
the bottom edge OF the net. just like
purse, and once the net is pursed
| there Is NJ escape for the fish.
| Occasionally the fishermen viii cap
turo a school of blue fish that have
been feeding on the mendaden and
If they do they at once try to un-
purse the net for the blue fish are
| lighters and 1t only takes a few min
utes for them to render useless net
that costs several hundred dollars.
| In this connection 1t Is worth while
to note that the menhaden fishermen
rarely catch any food fish In their
nets: indeed, they do not get enough
| to give the crew enough fish to eat.
| and this Is becauEe most food fish
will not swim near a school of men
| baden. The blue fish does, however.
| because IL feeds on the menhaden.
But the menhaden fisherman does
not want the blue fish, at least not In
janv nunQGFy LOI ~ 0QGS AAaoAc 10AANE "
| than II lis worth.
| When the net has been pursed the
steamer is signaled and 1t comes up
| to the net. The upper, or float. edge
1 of the net is made fast to the steam
er's rail- while the crew, taking in the
slack of the net. work the fish into a
pocket. To get the fish from the net
/ to the steamers Aold huge dip net.
IA H. DC
not unlike the ordinary crab dip net
| but many times larger and holds about
| 1000 fish. 1t requires three men and
! a donkey engine to work IT. One
man holds the long wooden handle
and directs the let unto the pocket
| In the net, a second man. with line,
guides the net as he hauls It through
| the Ash until 1t Is filled. .H-o-i-s-t
AWAY" sings out the skipper and
the big net swings into the air to the
chugging of the donkey engine and
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23
n XZZ5xaS c51r<zz0er

~ NE OF the most important mari
time industries along the Allan
tic coast is the catching Of men
~ haden and the making OF them
into oil for cheap paint and soap and
into scrap for fertilizer. In this indus
try there :. invested fully $50, 900. 900
In the gigantic factories and in the
vast feet OF steamers and other craft.
During the period that the fish run,
from early In March until late in
October upward of 10000 men are
employed. The catch runs into BILL
Hons and the annual output OF oil
and scrap is valued at close to $780,
100000.
The menhaden industry began in
New England scores OF years ago
when farmers used to catch the fish
and spread them upon their land but
since about 1855 tho industry has
taken on new phase and the fac
tories utilize the oil as well as the
rest OF the fish. obtaining two valuable
products, whereas but one was OBJ
tanned before.
OF the several species OF ffsh that
are not Mt for food the menhaden Is
the most prolific. But little OF its
history or movements Is known save
that it is supposed to spawn in the
Mississippi River during February and
then Immediately makes Its way into
the Gulf and thence up the coast. II
p not a large fish, few ever measur-
Ing more than . inches or weighing
more than 10 ounces but what tho
hsh lack in individual size they make
UP in numbers In which they school
sometimes running two and three mill
lion. as near as can be estimated by
those who have spent years In the
business.
The menhaden Is ..nown by at least
three names--menhaden. moss bunker
and pogie--the former name being So
piled IN Southern waters and on the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

~ ROM 1899 70 1909 the United
r. states Bureau of Education In
troduced 1880 European REIN
deer into Alaska at time when the
natives were threatened with starva-
tion. At the present ti1ne these hsrdt
have Increased to q total et 34.S4S.
hsad. Thsir nneat = n GstsAt dsnsA3
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

by both the natives and whites. and
tho skins supply the best Of winter
clothing.
Tits expected that the exportation
OF reindeer meat will soon beeonae an
Important indnatry N Al&skeL Ahove
Al. the kAinds6r hAs proyed IT, m0ek
sellrient lv1li,inw AkAnd3. xllS xsle4s1u
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23
THE FIRST PICTURE POSTALS

sent out from Nuremberg; nor were
the postals born In 1888. as had been
supposed.
II The distinction IL making and MALL
IN the ilfst y now dlAimed by Leon
4 I$Senar deem y hooks&tasr of Stlleels
anjll6 unas, haAr Conlis uepssf spanA AZ
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-23

herd Tor introduction into Northern
Canada.
Arizona republican., 1913-07-23
Proposed Central American Policy

According the Associated Press dispatches Q yesterday, the policy announced by Secretary Bryan with respect Nicaragua and which is under stood is intended to be the settled policy with spect to all the Central American states likely to be met with opposition from any quarter this country It generally happened that when administration has proposed a foreign policy partisan opposition has almost simultaneously developed, country confronted by q situation statesmen all par ties stand together support a natural measure for protection O Panama canal be fortified at both ends. It must be protected along whole eIngth.
 The dangers against which the proposed policy n history seemed near
 The policy is intended to prevent powerful European acquiring foothod which might quickly be formed of foothod. in territory adjacent to the canal
 The treaties the Central American states be by this government and financial obli- gations to European syndicates be until this government assured of the abil- fty part 0 Central American meet them. recklessness which those republics have gone into debt and their in ability unwillingness to them has been provo of the friction, actual O. threatened between the United States and European countries.
 We cannot continue a situation in that part the world in which the United States either bill collector for Europe permit foreign creditors forcibly collect their bills.
Arizona republican., 1913-07-23
Hercules
BY HOWARD L. RANN

Hercules q citizen of ancient Greece who invented the strangIc hold and used every body whom he in contact. His parents were and Mrs. Zeus, but he always preferred be called by his first Hercules has been inn mortalized in numerous ways and is used quite lb erally to advertise suspenders and stump pullers So far is known never sat for his photograph therefore people had draw plaster of paris pictures Q him memory. he most popular these shows him reclining elm club in bathing suit and attitude of extreme
 
 Hercules was endowed at birth with a surplus fund of muscle, which he threw around with the made of this muscle to rise in his cradle and strange thick and sinuous serpents which had been sent to assassnate him. Nobody could caress Hercules as baby without danger of being unpremeditatedly caved in.
 When Hercules got his growth he gave public exhibition of his strength in order show up sam Barnum's giant, and other imitators Atlas asked him hold up the world while he cules did without removing his 0 jarring anybody off his home hemisphere
 Probably the best thing Hercules did was to purify the Augean stables. These q cele brated livery barn which had been purified O extent for several thousand years, and the neigh bors petitioned the city council kea action Hercules hired to do the purifyine and was obliged to large river through it and drown number of innocent mich cows. The Augean stables refused remain clean, however, and do purifying in a different manner, by eleetfne somebody every four years who will fill the class postoffices with brooms.
 Hercules to have had trouble with his wife, for day she rubbed poison his spring suit When Hercules discovered he not apply himself several cords dry q the time with the flatterdng This method of getting rid of husband is stiI used wherever there is any considerable amount of life insurance involved.
Arizona republican., 1913-07-23
The Tombstone Route

The editor of The Republican has received Mir. A. H. Gardner of Tombstone a letter protesting. in behalf William Hattch Tombstone and Joseph H. Gray. secretary Warren District Commercial club against section of map printed by The Republican Sunday descriptive of the route of the Fl Paso-to- Phoenix The route shown the map. Douglas Tucson Hereford and Huachuca. whereas q Mir. Gardner writes, has been generally agreed that the better is via Bisbee. across di- vide historic Tombstone, thence Fairbank, where it the san Pedro q bridge, and thence Tucson.
 Though The Republican that there had been some controversy regarding this section of the route. it endeavoring settle it by the publication of the map The only available map which the made displayed only the Huachuca route The chief purpose printing the map to fix immutably the path the racing automobiles to follow. but to accentuate the fact that there is to be from Fl Paso Phoenix and which The Republican was. is always will be- a consistent booster. via Tombstone is as good. or even nearly as good. other should by means be chosen. While Bisbee lies practically the Huachuca route, the interest of the town in the would be vastly increased if the automobiles were 0 pass through it from Douglas and i Tombstone Can yon.
 The city of Tombstone, also, ought be missed by the racers It ought, also be the BorderIand, for it would attract many continental tourists. Tombstone. however may have fallen from it's former high estate-the best known mining the country-is more than a city or a town. county, but to all Arizona. the incom- parable climate and many the incomparable citi- zens it had 2 quarter of century when it the great white spot of the southwest.