davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Punta Gorda herald. [volume] (Punta Gorda, Fla.) 1893-1958, 1913-07-03

'O'OiJ' AuO SOPPOA IA tAo inoiuo
or heart of stalks was much small
er in amount, and ranged from
3.3 to 1913 parts per million. In
the leaves of the celery, however,
which are the parts of the plant
especially sprayed with Bordeaux
mixture, there were found from
1915 to 1854 parts of copper,
per million parts. The chemists
found that most of the copper in
the inner and outer stalks disap-
peared on washing. After wash
ing by hand or with brush, there
was only from 3.9to 8 parts per
million in the outside stalks, and
from Ia to 8 parts per million in
the inside stalks or heart. These
quantities are infinitesimal, and
mean that person would have to
eat from 8 to IS lbs. of celery
daily to reach the amount of cop
per which, if daily consumed,
would, according to the experts,
have any direct effect on the
health.
| As soon as the presence of cop
per on celery was determined, in
vestigations were at once begun to
find It's source, and to determine
ways of avoiding it. The copper,
it was found, resulted from i'm
proper methods of using Bordeaux
mixture on the part of celery
growers. At the same time, it
was found that the use of Bor-
deaux mixture, according to the
Investigations of the Bureau of
Plant Industry, is absolutely es-
sential to the growing of celery in
many sections of the country, es-
pecially in Florida. The Depart
ment, however, found that the
spraying apparatus used by many
celery growers does not operate at
a sufficiently high pressure to
make a fine spray or mist. AS u
result of this faulty apparatus,
the Bordeaux mixture is applied
in number of fine streams instead
of mist, and these instead of
merely settling on the leaves and
killing the insects, run down be-
tween the stalks. AS result, the
mixture accumulates at the base
of the plant, and is not washed out
by the rain. This sometimes
gives green appearance to celery
which causes many people to think
the color results from Paris green,
whereas the green tint is simply
copper-stained lime.
The Department of Agriculture
has issued circular requesting
that all spraying of celery plants
with Bordeaux mixture be done
with efficient apparatus working
under high pressure, one hundred
pounds or more. Spraying should
be stopped when the leaves are
covered with fine drops, and be-
fore these begin to run down the
stalks and accumulate in the base
of the plant.
! The Department of Agriculture
at the same time has issued a
warning to consumers to break
lunches OF celery open and wash
and scrub the stalks thoroughly
before they are eaten. 1t also has
warned the public against eating
the leaves of celery upon which
the dried Bordeaux mixture clings.
According to the chemical experts
who made the analysis, a careful
washing of celery would remove
practically all of the copper re-
sulting from dried Bordeaux mix
ture, or reduce the amount present
TO such a small quantity as to be
entirely negligible.
The Punta Gorda herald. [volume] (Punta Gorda, Fla.) 1893-1958, 1913-07-03

The year BOOK OF tne uepart-
ment of agriculture is the strong
est kind of a booster for Florida.
If the farmers of other states
would make habit of reading it
Florida would fill up with people
more rapidly than any state ever
has before. A few years ago we
quoted from the year book OF
1911 the statement:
"Florida produces the most del
icate fruit and vegetable crops in
the dead of the northern winter"
1t should be remembered that
this is clear gain. Other states
do not produce any crops at all
in the dead of winter. The Flori-
da winter vegetable crops. bring
ing enormous prices because they
have no competition, are out OF
the way before the farmers of
other states plant, and SO the Flor
ida grower after harvesting this
highly profitable crop, can ccm-
pete with the growers of other
states for the balance of the year.
We have often mentioned the
fact that Florida land has been
known to produce $1,000, $1,000,
$4,000, s25oO, and in one we'll au-
thenticated instance over three
thousand dollars worth of pro-
ducts on one acre. We have al
WAYS felt that the farmers of 9TH
er states, happy at getting from
$50 to $IOO from an acre, would
doubt this statement if they saw
it. Well, here is a statement
from the year book of the depart
ment of agriculture for l91l page
316:
IA combination of irrigation
and drainage at Sanford, Fla. {,
his transformed worthless lands
into those producing crops of Gel
cry valued at $4,000 per acre for
one crop"
Mark the words "for one crop, "
for they mean something. Besides
the celery, three ,r four other crops
can be grown on the same ground
in a year, for Florida's growing
season is twelve months long.
The year book of the depart
ment of agriculture does not fur
nish tables showing the produc-
ton by states of small crops such
as cabbage, onions, lettuce, Gel
ery, tomatoes, nor of fruits and
berries. These are Florida's priu.
cipal sources of wealth, and SC
we can't put Florida's best foot
foremost. But let's make a com
parison of the large crops Of
which this state produces compar.
atively little because the fruit and
vegetable crops are so much more
profitable.
On 636, 900 acres of land Flori'
da produced last pear 9,286, ,0O(
bushels of corn-not quite 6fteer
bushels per acre. The United
States produced 1852, 10000
bushels on 1O5, 1926, 900 acres
about twenty-four bushels pei
acre. The Florida corn was
worth on the farm 80 cents pei
bushel, or $12 per acre., while
that of the whole country aver
aged 81 cents per bushel or $l4.6 6!
per acre. So the average of th'
United States is only $2.64 more
on crop that must be the onl.
crop grown on an acre, than tn,
Florida grower gets on one of
number of crops.
So little wheat is grown in Flor
ida that this state is not mentioned
in the list of wheat producin!
states.
On 49, acres of land Florid'
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
GIVING IN THE RIGHT SPIRIT.

The Red Cross Relief society, in
charge OF the food sufferers in Ohio
and Indiana. has taken the correct
position In discouraging contributions
In CASTOR clothing This is wise, not
only from the standpoint Of public
health. but otherwise.
Il encourages real charity, which
should be satisfied not in donations Of
WORKOUT clothes. but in offerings such
as involve sacrifice Too many people
are APT TO seek to satisfy their own
conscience by giving TO those in want
the things they do not themselves need.
This is not charity. for there can be
no real charity without self-denial.
The hood sufferers are not psupers
They are fellow human beings who
have been stricken by the same force
that may come 10 US all az any time
II Is human duty to give 10 them
and 10 give 10 them the best possible
without stint and not grudgingly, but
rather in the spirit OF thankfulness for
the privilege.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
FIRE LOSSES IN ILLINOIS

Need for a general fire prevention
campaign is shown by the report for
1912 Of F. R. Morgaridge, acting state
fire marshal of Illinois. He reports
that the losses last year exceeded S12,-
100000, about evenly divided between
Chicago and the state outside. The i'm
portauL feature in his statement that
most OF these losses were due to care
lessness. individual and municipal, and
could easily have been prevented by
the exercise OF ordinary care and pre-
caution in constructive. protection, the
removal of infiammable rubbish. etc.
A gratifying gain is shown in the pros
ecutions and convictions for fires due
10 crime, although a large proportion
of the Carelessness is really criminal,
and would be so regarded and punish
ed in foreign countries. That is one
reason why their losses are about one
tenth OF those in this country of care
lessness.
The state fire marshal reports that
1902 fires were reported during 1912,
with an average loss on each loss of
1927. The total amount Of fire losses
was S11.24O.54O. but the fire marshal
states that in spite of his efforts to Sc
cure a complete record, he is certain
that a large proportion of the fires are
not reported and that the actual loss
is much in excess of $12, 100000. This
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
DYING MAN RUNS ENGINE
AS THE TRAIN DASHES ON

Chicago, III, April More than a
hundred passengers on a Michigan
Central train, bound from Kalamazoo.
Mich, to Chicago, road several miles
az top speed Saturday drawn by an
engine with a dying and unconscious
man at the throttle.
AS the train pulled into Hammond,
with the fireman driving the engine
with one hand and holding the engi.
neer propped up in his seat with the
other, the sufferers painful breathing
stopped His form relaxed in death
as the wheels stopped moving and q
second later the white-faced fireman
staggered out of the cab and called
for assistance.
John Bentley was the engineer. The
eTeman, Joseph Gondert. and the con
dLctor of the train, Edward Hurley
carried the body into the Hammond
waiting room and the train was de
lsyed half an hour while the coroner
vas taking Gondert's statement.
We left Kalamazoo at lis O'Clock
in the afternoon" said Gondert
when We got to Niles, Mich, about
2:S0 Bentley complained that hil
stomach panied him. He drank q grea
deal OF water and was seized with at
tacks Of nausea. Later he said hI
felt better.
We pulled out OF Gibson on time
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

would give a per capita fire loss for
the state of S24O.
The principal classes affected were
as follows: Dwellings, ASIA; barns
and garages, 1859 stores. sol, and
sheds, 2l0. Defective flues and sparks
from chimneys were the chief causes
of fires, with 1859 charged against
them. while overheated stoves were
charged with 100, carelessness with
matches 743, gasoline stoves and ex-
plosion 522, exposures 465. and light.
ming, 319, while 1904 fires we're report
ed as Of unknown origin. OF the total
fires reported 1896 were from Chicago
and 5,197 from outside Chicago
The total number of incendiary fires
was 44S, OF which 1913 were in Chi.
cago and $50 outside. It is conceded
that only small proportion OF incendi,
airy fires are reported, as most Of these
fires destroy the evidence OF their orr
gin and IT Is only occasionally that the
proof OF the criminality can be found
OF the 44S incendiary fires reported
312 were Investigated and 1874 arrests
resulted. Ninety-seven persons were
indicted, and &c cases were tried, witt
! "a convictions, while ~ cases are still
/ pending OF the "a convictions tht
motive in % cases was 10 defraud In
surance companies, pyrumanis and in
/ sanity in 6, and Malicious mischie
and revenge in 3 each.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

AS We crossed the subway between
that station and Hammond ! noticed
John had slumped down in his seat and
that the engine was rocking perilous-
ly on the curves.
Il jumped across the cab and spoke
TO him, but he was unconscious and
gasping for breath, so / took his hands
from the throttle and brought the
train under control II was pitifu
to see the way his hand chung to the
throttle, although he was practically
dead
All the way into Hammond I ran
slow, trying to revive Bentley, but il
was no use, and It seemed as if when
the wheels stopped he Just lost his
grip on everything They took the
body TO the morgue at Hammond"
Bentley was about 80 years old anl
is survived by a widow and severa
daughters. He lived in Jackson, Mich
and had been in the employ OF the
Michigan Central for 80 years. He wa,
considered one of the best engineers
on the road.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
A RESERVE ARMY.

Secretary OF War Gsrrison's plan for
providing a reserve force that could
be called upon In case OF war should
meet with universal approval He
does not propose that the regular
standing army be Increased, but that
the term OF enlistment be reduced
from four TO three years and that
after that service the soldier be sub
ject % cal 70 the colors any time
within the next four years. II the
emergency arises. Furthermore. he
would make IL possible for the soldier
10 retire from the ranks 70 civil life
after two years II he had proved him
self efSoient and sufficiently educated
Thus q reserve force OF well trained
men would be created
The details OF the plan have not
been made public, but presumably the
reservists would be required 70 report
10 the war department, or officers des-
ignated by II, at regular intervals. so
that their Whereabouts and numbers
could be kept track OF Il is 10 be
taken for granted, too. that the war
department would keep on hand in
srsenals OF other places sufficient
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

turns, that about $4,000, OOO,O 900 Of the
stocks of our Industrial or tariff
trusts, represent only water.
On this stock, dividends of about
$500, 100000 are being paid yearly,
amounting to approximately S1s a per
con or nearly 800 an American fam
lily!
WHENCE COMES ITf
This s1.50O, 100000 is not picked up
out Of the streets Where, then. does
IL come from? The answer is: From
the pockets Of the consumers. There
is not a dollar OF water" Or imitation
in the capitalization of corporations
which deal in commodities, or in rail
road or other public service corpora
tons. that does not impose burdens
upon the consumers and producers Of
this country.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
CAPITAL COMMENT

The above figures, which may be
accepted as fairly conservative in view
Of the fact that United States Sena-
tor DaFollette and various other stu
dents Of the question assert that the
amount OF watered stock is more than
double the amount estimated above,
mean this: That an average family in
this country is paying q tax of 500
a year In supporting the over-capitai-
ization Of our industries. Can there
remain any doubt, then, as to over
capitalization's being one reason, a
sister reason to high tariff, for the
ever increasing cost of living?
Watered stock is not only ore of
the prime causes for increased prices
Of commodities, but it is also an i'm
portant cause of the present unsstis-
factory condition of labor. To pay
these dividends on watered stock, the
trust maEnates must either hold down
wages abnormally low. or raise prices
artificially high. The fact is they
are doing both.
Over-capitalization, therefore, is OBJ
viously one OF the most important
problems confronting the American
people today. Politicians, for some
reason, refer to 1t less than they
should. The subject ought to be one
of the foremost political issues.
GLARTNG ILLUSTRATIONS.
Five hundred glaring Illustrations
of the crime Of over-capitalizatior
could be cited. They would average
like this: The Chicago & Alton was
capitalized at s3O,OO0,OOO. Wher
turned over to the purchasing syndi
: cate in 1899 it was capitalized a
s94, 100000.
The people are not going to forever
permit the Perkins and the Morgans
and other financiers to strap upo1
their backs the burdens of these enor
nous over-capitalizations. which con
stitute one OF the principal causes o
the increase in the cost Of living.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
ARMY POST FIRES.

Why They Are Infrsquent and the Wa
They Are Handled.
Perhaps the low percentage Of freB
in the army is directly due to the fact
that guard duty is never suspended.
In daylight and dark, during peace
or in time OF war, armed sentrieS
walk their posts, scattered everywhere
over the garrisons. Falling asleep
while on guard is a serious offense.
Therefore the guards are always alert
Never is a sentry mounted on a post
without q caution to look out for fires.
One OF the frst charges in q guards
general orders is one In which he is
cautioned TO keep a sharp watch for
FIRE. His FIRST duty in case a building
is occupied by humanity is to warn
the occupants. Next he turns in a gen
eral alarm. And when the FIRE call is
blown by the trumpeter at the main
guardhouse every male member Of the
garrison. except the guard, is com
PEELED to hurry TO the scene OF the
fire. no matter where he is and no
matter how he is dressed
il IL not necessary that a man
should be In regulation uniform to re-
spond to q fire call. Military fires do
not wait for antagonists IN full dress
parade costume. any more than city
fires procrastinRte while the members
OF the department make careful toilets.
Once n week. sometimes oftener, in
every military garrison. large or small,
throughout the country-and there are
several hundred at home and IN our
possessiOns-a fire drill is held. Not
a soul save the commanding officer is
advised OF what hour OF the day or
night or on what day OF the week a
I dre call will be blown. As fires do not
give warning OF their coming. II is OBJ
viously advantageous that fire drill
should be as uncertain.
When the FIRE call goes. either for
drill or for fight for life and proper
/ ty. the soldiers rush out OF their quar-
tiers. leave their posts In the company
kitchens and on the drill grounds,
picking up ere buckets and Ere axes
as they go in the race for the fire sta
ton Some may he hatless. some coat.
less and others shir'less. But II is an
| honor to be among the first to take
hold OF the FIRE equipment
All the officers dash for the FIRE
house. too. and the highest ranking
officer present assumes the duties of
| Ere chief. A run is made with chem
zeal engines and hand drawn hose
carts and hook and ladder trucks for
a building designated as the scene OF
the Ere When the equipment is out
for q Ere drill the men take advantage
/ OF the occasion and play water on the
windows OF buildings, giving them q
[ good cleaning.
The amount OF Ere lighting appa'
ratus furnished the posts by the gov
eminent for their protection IL regu-
lated. OF course, entirely by the size
and needs OF each post-Monroe Wool
ley in Insurance Engineering.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

The httls boy who ran away
Because he thought wronged him 50,
Who turned before he vent to say
That would weep IN vain some day
And wish I had not let him SO,
Il standing yonder by the gan,
And I must eoidly let him wait
u
Oh, utfie boy. you think me cold,
But love that Will not let me rest
Is urging me 10 fcndly fold
You In my eager arms and hold
You closely. gladly to my breasts
Come-coSns-oh. little boy. and let
Us both forgive and both forget!
Your poor. bruised little feet may ache,
You think that have done you wrong
But though your little heart should break
must be cruel for your sake.
For you must be stern and strong;
Make hRsta. make haste oh. little one,
Or shall weakly be undone!
The little boy who saad good-by
With anger as I watcher him start.
Is coming through the gate, and L
Forget the wrong he did and Gy
70 clasp him closely to my heart:
The stars are cleaning out for Joy,
My little boy, my little boy!
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
INHERITANCE TAX IN INDIANA,

Indiana has finally enacted an in
heritance tax law, and one with higher
rates than that in Illinois. Where
the amount passing on death TO any
person exceeds S25, 900, the tax is one
per cent on the sum received by hus-
band wife, child, lineal heir or ances-
tor OF decedent, but increases as the
relationship becomes more distant.
! The rate per cent is one and a half
10 brother or sister. three for uncle
or aunt, four for granduncle or grand
aunt, and five per cent for more dis
tant relatives, strangers, or corpora
tons. The above are primary rates,
$4,000 10 the widow and $1,000 10
each member OF the first class, being
I exempt
The tax is graduated and progress
. sive. II the succession is over $4,000
and under $4,000, the tax is one and
one-hslf times the primary rates
$4,000 to 100000. two times such
rates; 100000 to 100000. two and
/ one-half times such rate, and II over
100000, three times the primary
rates. 80 the rate OF TAX runs from
10 10 per cent.
Now Illinois capitalists cannot es
cape The inheritance tax by going tc
reside in Indiana.
All other states Of the union now
impose an inheritance tax except
Rhode Island and Nevada in the north
and Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia
Florida and South Carolina.
Hon. Walter J. Tingle. who intro
duced the Indiana bill. sent a cop!
OF the bill first drawn for examina
ton TO Carl E. Epler, who suggested
making the tax payable wholly to thu
state, instead Of half to the count!
and half to the state, as first pro
posed, and such change was adopted
in the act passed.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

Tho statement OF a New York ply
slcian that J. Pierpont Morgan's end
was FASTENED by emotions incident TO
the monetary investigation, is silly. In
the first place, Mr.. Morgan lived sew
eral years beyond the al Gifted time Of
man and he got about all there is in
life 30 far as this world Is concerned.
In the second place. Mr.. Morgan was
not q sufferer from emotions. But he
is dead. and the world says, peace to
his ashes.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
Tn. Wrecked suBIlm. Po-+.

Hans Andersen ranks COnstantinople
frst among European capitals in point
OF beauty. then Stockholm, Edinburgh
and Lisbon The Turkish capital has
suffered less from fires than most Ori-
entail cities. but one occurred IN 1868
which turned the name by which the
sultan's government is generally known
into q uisnomer. Among the buildings
attacked was the Seral palace, where
councils are held and ambassadors re-
ceived The chief gate OF the palace.
the Bab-i-Humayum, or sublime porte.
from which the government derives its
title, was burned down and has never
been rebuilt.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

arms, uniforms and ammunition 10
equip the reservists in the shortest
possible time II It became necessary
to call them to the colors. Outside OF
this, the plan involves no extra ex-
pense.
The difference between an army OF
reservists who had been trained foT
two or three years and an army OF
raw recruits or volunteers who had
never had any military training can
be appreciated by every Intelligent
person. There are a great many young
men who would gladly enter the army
II they could return 70 civil life after
two years. but who baik al an enlist
ment Of four years.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
Speed Not Necessary.

did / understand you to say that
your daughter had already secured
a position as a stenographer? I'm so
glad to hear 1t. How sorry I was
when they told me your husbands in
surancs was not large enough to en-
able you to live in the style to which
you had been accustomed and that it
would be necessary for Gertrude TO
60 to work. But thought shorthand
was something which was hard to
earn. She's only been studying 1t
for a few weeks. hasn't she?"
Yes, but we feel sure that she'll Re
able to get along all right. You see,
the man she works for shutters"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

or watered stocks,
costs every Amer
lean family!
This stateme emit
flows easily from
the pen, but it can
be best demon
strated by a little
arithmetic.
Various promi-
nent financial stu
dents and author
tiles are RESPONSE
bic for the state
ment. and their
conclusions are
wholly sustained
by reports of the
United States com.
mission and the
published figures
of the national cor
DOration tax re.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01

TDRMs-Tsn cents per week. by car
rier. In Rock Island.
Complaints Of delivery service should
be made TO the circulation department.
which should also be notified in every
Instance where II IS desired to have
paper discontinued, as carriers have no
authority in the premises
All communications OF argumsntstivs
character. political OF religious. mus,
have real name attached for publica-
ton No such articles will be printed
ever fictitious signatures
Telephones In all departments: Cen
tral Union, West i45. ll45 and 21ls;
Uuion Electric, BI45.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-04-01
Give Your Portion

Give your portion 70 the relief
Of the flood sufferers. Do not
turn the committee away empty
handed.
You do not know when Rock
Island may be similarly afflicted.
The cause Of humanity cries out
for succor. The human impulse
10 70 respond promptly and lib
orally. TO the full extent that you
are able 70 do.
Do your part cheerfully, and
be thankful.