The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1913-12-19

capital is secured.
When all necessary allowance has
been made for these fundamental
actors, it is probably clear that the
rural communities are not as effici-
emily served as they should be by ex-
isting financial arrangements. Long
time loans are needed for permanent
Investments, such as the purchase
price of a farm for the erection of
buildings. 1t is wise economy to en-
courage the extension Of credit for
safe productive use, and no less wise
to discourage the use of capital
along non-pro1uctive or speculative
lines. The rapid increase in farm
values and the difficulties in secur-
ing land has given impetus to the i'm
portance of devising farm loans on
terms such as will enable the produc-
-ers to make the necessary payments
on the interest and principal, so far
as possible, from the returns of the
land itself.
The report also discusses short
time loans, building and loan associa-
tions, land debentures, land mortgage,
banks and various other domestic
an dforeign metOhds of rural invest
ment and credit mechanisms. There
does not appear to be need for unique
or special legislation or for legisla-
ton which shall aim to give the far
mer credit on easier terms than any
other members of society. What is
needed is the creation of conditions
and machinery which shall enable him
on similar credit foundations to Sc
cure money at the same rates as
those t:lat prevail for othrer classes
and for other sections.
other Rural Organization Problems.
Even though the problem of how
the farmer can best sell his product
and can improve the conditions under
which he can sell his product and
which he can secure the necessary
capital were solved, there would still
remain vital things to be accomplish
ed before rural life can be made full
ly efficient, profitable, healthful, pleas
urable and attractive, and before a.
larger disposition to remain on the
farm develops. Good roads are pre-
requisite for better marketing, for
better schools, and for more comfort
able rural living. Better sanitation
and hygiene in the home, in the
school and in the community are Just
as vital for the rural community as
for the urban.
To Study Disease-Carrying Insects
Which Affect Agriculture.
The effect of the Misunderstanding
mosquito on agricultural production
has been made the subject of investi-
cation on Southern plantations. At
tention will be given to other disease
transmitting insects, such as the
house fly, stable fly and spotted fever
tick, which have bearing on the
health of rural populations. Satisfac-
tory progress has been made in a
study to discover means whereby the
breeding Of flies in manure may be
prevented without lessening it's ferti-
lizing value.
Soil Surveys.
The value of the soil survey work
will be enhanced by giving preced-
ence in surveys to those States
which offer active cooperation. Nine
teen States during the past year have
entered into this PLAN. Reconnais-
sance surveys will be confined to
classification of agricultural lands in
the National Forests and the unde-
Veloped areas of the community
The Farm Woman.
To gain information that would en-
able the Department better to serve
rural women, the Secretary address
ed letters of inquiry to the women on
$4,000 selected farms covering every
county. Other surveys and studies
were also conducted Analysis of the
small port of the letters as yet di-
gested shows that farm women de-
sire assistance in all phases of home
management, especially as to ways of
securing running water, introducing
HOUSEHOLD power machinery and labor
saving arrangements, and providing
better hygienic and sanitary condi-
tons. Many seek advice as to the
better making of the articles of pro-
ruct. Others ask the Department to
prove to the man that their work is
worth something in dollars and cents.
The overworked women and children
and difficulty of securing domestic
help are mentioned by a number of
the writer's. These letters have fur
nished valuable suggestions for con-
structive work in this field. The De-
partment believes that intelligent
help to women in matters of home
management will contribute directly
to the agricultural success of the
farm. 1t proposes, therefore, to ask
Congress for means and authority to
make more complete studies of do
nestle conditions on the farm, to ex-
pertinent with labor-saving devices
and methods, and to study completely
the question of practical sanitation
and hygienic protection for the farm
and family.
Relations With State Colleges and
Stations.
To eliminate duplication of effort
and friction and bring about greater
coordination between the State land
grant colleges and experiment sta
tinpS and tha nonarfnaapf