Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-08-08

t,cs mru. lc g.. -Aarc ted On
Ills F,a. tog't .- l.r aud all SOL
Ing re.l- is ,"ts. erar;rc !1ch lengt. :
Even ID, I,d2a. {, ut thus
T.cr, are w. rnuui s.lps on the
farm e. . 'cu '..' in diameter and
TINS, a..r tro h@h These together
hold a,H.'' l.l t.u> @, s.'ase. AVID tl.iS
qual'il OF c.fr .'11c is produ. ed IN
four acre.. planted about June -.
Eleven mrn. three teams and "A traction
engine O. :un the cutter are employed
In fill"- the SiloS.
There Is no systematic rotation Of
crops On this farm. 1t is not necessary
since every foot of land receives an
abundance of manure every year o.
two. Every green crop grown on the
place is utilized for soilng purposes,
more or less. the surplus being con
verted into hay or silaGe. The crops
grown are rye. timothy and clover.
corn, peas and oats and millet. At
least two crops year are harvested
from most % the fields. The grass
crop is a mixture. the seed sown being
as follows: Red clover, six quarts:
timothy. five quarts; alsike. two and
one-half pounds: redtop. one pound.
The farm is divided into twelve small
parcels. varying In size from one
fourth acre 10 two and one-quarter
acres. In April, 1903, six of these five
or six acres in alb were in grass
About half Of this was sown the last
week in August, 1900, one-fourth in
! 1901 and one-fourth in 1902 That
sown in 1900 was cut once for hay in
| the spring of 1903 and then plowed
| for late corn. The crops which pre-
ceded these plats Of grass were in
two cases rye. grown the preceding
winter.
When this was cut for soiling or for
hay the ground was plowed and har
rOwed into fine filth. One and half
bushels per acre of German milet We're
then sOwn. This was cut for hey be
fore it had made seed. The land was
plowed again and narrowed into fine
filth. Grass seed was then sown broad
cast late in August. Sowing thus ear
ly, using no nurse crop. gives full
crop the next year. In fact. because
of the farms fertility. three large crops
are cut the next year after sowing
grass in August. Two cuttings are
made the second year. In the spring
of the third season. if the crop prom
Uses to be abundant, crop Of hay is
taken before breaking up the sod fol-
late corn. If the grass crop is scanty
the sod Is broken earlier for any crop
for which 1t may be needed. The sod
is always heavily top dressed during
the winter before it is broken up.
Some of the fields are kept in rye In
winter and corn in summer indefinitely.
Rye is sown broadcast at the rate of
two bushels per acre. the seed being
covered by spring tooth harrow. The
hay made from this rye is readily eat
Ell by the stock, but part Of 1t is used
for bedding. Three Of the twelve sub
divisions Of the farm are thus devoted
regularly to rye in winter and late corn
in summer. Oats and peas are some
times sOwn in early spring on. land
sown in rye the previous fall, the rye
being turned under in spring. Some
times piece of corn land is left bare
during the winter and sown to oats
and peas the next spring. Grass Is Oc-
casionally sown on land from which
soiling corn has been cut. One small
field was devoted to oats and peas for
several years and then put down in
grass. to be followed by corn. Oats
and peas do not fit very well into the
cropping systems followed on any of
these small fields. They must be sown
In early spring and are Off early in
. July. yet they yield so much nutritious
hay or soi'ing material that small
area is usually grown.
The method Of handling manure on
this farm can be used only on farms
on which stock is kept in stalls. Be-
, hind each row of cows Is gutter
. eighteen inches wide and seven inches
deep. These cutters have no outlets
| They are thoroughly cleaned daily
, (The whole barn Is disinfected twice
week and the interior is frequently
, whitewashed.) When cleaned the gut
, ters are sprinkled with ashes or dry
, dirt to absorb what moisture may be
, present. During the day a quantity OF
, absorbent. consisting Of leaf mold
+ rotten sod. etc. is placed In them
? Each gutter ends near door. The
; manure is lifted from the gutter into
a cart backed up to the door. The
end of the gutter next the door II
!. slightly lower than the other end. One
a man lifts the manure with a fork anG
= places 1t in the lower end Of the trench
A second man then lifts 1t into the
cart In this manner the liquid ma
!, nure is all got into the cart Finally
the fragments that remain in tn,
, trench are swept to the lower end ant
!. removed. The cart goes immediately
= to the field, and the manure is spread
at once. In summer 1t is spread OF
the land from which the soiling crops
;, are removed. In winter 1t is spreat
on the rye and grass fields. on the lat
:, ter particularly when the ground Il
= too soft to place 1t upon the rye fields
. No manure is used on newly So dec