Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-06-03

WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, JUNE
to Il temperature of 80 degrees f. and
holding it there for thirty minutes.
then sealing it up tight in bottles or
casks and storing it in Il cool place.
Boiled cider made in the good old
fashioned way by reducing TO onetifth
by boilin" aud then canned is an ex-
cellent article for culinary purposes.
for making apple butter. apple sauce
or for use in apple or mnce pies. 1t
also has commercial value.
While the aim and purpose of the
farmer should be to supply an abun-
dance of fruit for his own family. he
should also be able to offer to the out
side world liberal surplus The apple
orchard will often bring him better re-
turns for his outlay than any other
portion of his farm. acre for acre. The
product of Il single tree will sometimes
sell for $40 or more. and fifty such
trees can be grown on an acre of land
Though we may not always count on
such large results, we may safely ex-
pect the orchard to do its full duty one
year with another. especially If we
first do our duty by it.
Propagation.
1t is not recommended that the aver
age farmer propagate his own trees
for planting, but it is well enough for
him to understand something Of the
processes and methods Of propagation
commonly used. The natural method
of propagation is by planting the seed
Of the fruit. but as very large per
cent Of seedlings are inferior in quail
are too uncertain to recommend for
planters generally. Only the pains
taking experimental who wishes to
originate new varieties can afford to
practice this natural method Of propa-
cation.
Once having obtained valuable va
riety and wishing to multiply and per-
petuate it. one of several methods now
In use must be resorted to for propa.
cation. The methods more commonly
practiced in growing young apple trees
for planting in orchards are budding
and grating.
With the apple. budding must be per-
formed during the growing season.
This operation consists in removing q
bud from twig Of the variety which
we wish to propagate and inserting II
beneath the bark Of the stock or young
Seeding tree we wish to change. and
this is then held in place by tying 1t
fast until the bud and the stock have
united. Then. by forcing the sap and
consequent growth into this trans.
planted bud by preventing all other
growth. we get new tree Of the de-
sired variety. This we call budding. 1t
is a method Of artificially multiplying
desirable variety. The extent of this
multiplication is limited only by the
number of buds available
Keeping the seions.
The main requisites for success in
budding are healthy. growing condi.
ton of the stock on which the work is
to be done and n certain state of ma.
turity Of the buds. The bark of the
stock must separate freely. so that the
bud may be forced under 1t without in.
jury to the cambium layer of either
bud or stock. The bud sticks or scions
selected for summer budding should
be Of the current years growth and
should have well developed buds.
When taken from the tree the leaves
must be cut Off at once. leaving only
short stub Of the leaf stem for con.
venience In handling during the opera.
ton They should be kept in a fresh
condition by means of damp moss or
wet cloth until used. and not more
drawn from the package at time.
If it is desired to start the bud into
growth the same season 1t Is inserted
the budding should be done as early in
the season as we'll developed buds can
be obtained As soon as 1t is found
that the bud has united with the stock
or branch the material used to fasten
the bud in place must be removed and
the stock or brahch cut back to within
short distance from the bud to forcc
the growth Of the inserted bud.
Early juno Budding.
This is the kind of budding more
commonly prac1iced among nursery.
men. the buds being inserted into the.
stock as late in the season as the bark
Of the stock will separate freely to re.
ceive it. In such instances the bud
remains dorman: through the follow
ing winter. Tho following spring the
wrapping is removed. and wherever the
buds appear sound the tops Of the
stocks are cut back and treated in the
same manner as described for June
budding. All buds on the stocks below
the one inserted should be rubbed of
as they start tu grow The objection
to early or June budding is that the
growth from such buds does not al
ways mature sufficiently In northern
sections to pass a severely cold winter
without injury
Other important things to be consid-
cred in the propagation of apples is
the different kinds of grating Splice.
tongue. root ard cleft grating, the
regrafting OF bearing trees. the best
way of graftin. wax, the best way OF
locating an orchard. as well as dis
cusSion on soils. will be discussed In
another article
A third article will consider the sub
ject of manufactured fertilizers the
growing of covers. the need of proper
cultivation. the selection of the best
land for planting and the proper season
for planting.
A SEASHElL.
Iridescent with the tintS of dawn
And golden dusk, it rests within
my hand.
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