davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30

Great IL the art Of beginning. but
greater 10 the art OF suding.-LonSfs-
low.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30

Where there IL emulation there will
b vanity: where there 10 vanity there
will bu folly.-Johnson.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30

On account Of Memorial Day our
store will close at noon today.
M'CONKEY & son.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30
BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
William hiIiips.


William Phillips, who holds inc
post of first secretary OF the Amer.
can embassy in London, was born III
Beverly, Mass, May 80, 1873. ne
graduate from Harvard in 1870 anu
studied law until 1903, when he went
to London as private secretary 10
Ambassador Choate. In 1905, Mr.
Phillips moved to Picking, where 'or
two years he was second secretary OF
the United States legation. In 1910
he returned to Washington and De'
came assistant to the third assistant
secretary Of state. For several
months in 1908 he was chief of the
bureau of eastern affairs, and incl
he became third assistant secretary
of state under Robert Bacon. In 1?09
Mr.. Phillips went to London as flrst
secretary OF the embassy under AM
bassador Reid. Recently he has been
honored with the appointment of Re.
gent of Harvard university.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30

Percy Haswell will open her fourth
season of summer stock performances
in Toronto about the end of the month.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30
CONCENTRATIONS To-:

VOUVT dVUtdV'0Vo TV'
Viscount Cross, 80 years old today.
Alfred Austin, England's poet laure-
ate, IS years old today.
Rt. Rev. William Lawrence, Episcopal
bishop of Massachusetts,, G3 years
old today.
Bishop Henry Clay Morrison, Of the
Methodist Episcopal church, South,
II years old today.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30
TODAY IN HISTORY

May 80.
1640-Peter Paul Rubens, famous
Flemish painter, died. Born in
1877. g.
l793-A democratic society was form
ed in Philadelphia.
1S35-Andrew Gregg, United States
; senator from Pennsylvania
1307-13, died in Bellefonte. Born
in CARLISLE, June 10, 1855.
lS38-New charter granted the Hud.
son Bay company. "
1S49-Beginning Of the great cholera
epidemic In Philadelphia.
1S54-President Pierce approved the
KanpasNebraska act.
1S90-Garfield memorial dedicated at
Lake View cemetery in Cleve-
land.
1912-Wilbur Wright, one OF the In.
ventors of the aeroplane, died in
Dayton, Ohio. Born near Hill.
vile, Ind, April Is, 1867.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1913-05-30

Henry Miller has closed his tour
for the season, but will begin his third
season in 1.-THE Rainbow" in August.
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

Them uPFo1HVV
pnei and Instructions for selling safes, gi
elnr points which it is impossible for prospect
Son YO be the Arst apply from your vicinity before sol
Ja can favor only one salesman out OF each locality
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16
Brutality Of the Crusaders.

Few cities are said to have been be-
sieged and taken so many times as
Constantinople. Since the middle oil
the sixth century it has undergone 26
sieges and has been captured eight
times. But it's worst experience was
in 1904, VIII / 1t was captured by the
Crusaders. The city was given up to
pillage, and the so-called Christian
warriors are said to have acted more
barbarously than Turkish invaders
have ever done.
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16
PEOPLE SHOULD GUARD
AGAINST APPENDICITIS

Okolona people who have stomache
and bowel trouble should guard
against appendicitis by taking simpl
buckthorn bark, eIycerine. etc" as
compounded in Adler-i-ka. the Ger.
man remedy which became famous
by curing appendicitis A SINGLE
DOSE relieves sour stomach. gas on
the stomach and constipation IN
STANTLY because this simple mix
ture antisepticizes the digestive organs
and draws off The impurities. R. H.
Lyon, drugssist. adj
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

A simple hatpin caused the death
of it's wearer in Paris the other morn
ing near the Alma Bridge. A young
woman slipped as she alighted from
tramcar and fell. The hatpin was dis
lodged, and by some extraordinary
chance was driven right through the
unlucky woman's scalp. Death was
instantaneous.
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16
OKOIONA. MISSISSIPPI THURSDAY. JANUARY I6 1913
BELIEVES in HELPING
HIS HOME PE0PI Z.

Over at Winona, in Monigomer
county, there is q man Of means wh
has accumuIa,od bis wealth among th
people where he lives, and has don
% il an honest and upright way Of do
ng business. While some lorejg
oncerns are unwilling to come inc
he State and loan money al SIX PEI
cent interest, this splendid and palrl
otic Mississippian, who is Captain }
C. PurneII, announces through the WI
nona Times that he has one hundred
housand dollars to loan to small tar
mers around Wunona at six per cent
Der anoum, PAYABLE in one to live
years. he also states that there are
Two della farmers, or planters as they
are called over there, who would like
to tske the whole amount giving
small secnrilv r,r The same, but Capt
Pa.neIl ssus ,bis money Is not for
tbem, MAJ !, i to be used 10 help tb
small farmer near Wlnona to pay for
bis home. II improve it and that nor
aver one ,bogsend dollars will b
! loaned /, ooam.n
Ma dou,t Caotain PurnelI could
loan ii, mo,,ny out 10 some better ad
vaa,aoc ba, Ne wants to see his HON.
psoule prosper and tbey come first
,y,tb him
A sbort fine aao Iaree money
Iend,oa c,roor5lIon announced lhat il
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

Mans Overlooked Opportunities.
Oh the littleness Of the lives that
we are living, denying to ourselves the
bigness Of that thing which 1t is to
be a man, to be a child Of God.-Phil-
Ups Brooks.
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16
Noted French
COlOLists
\
A Story Of FIardshlps and
Privati0ns

To The Editor;
have been much interested in
looking up the history Of the followers
Of Napoleon who settled in Alabama
early in the last century. and it has ]
appeared to me that the readers OF our
Southern newspapers might be in
terested in brief account Of one OF
the most romantic attempts at cole M
cation made in the Southeastern
States.
The location cf this colony was in
what is now the fertile and prosper
GUS region 10 Southwestern Alabama
Of which the thriving city Of Demopo-
lis is the center,
For pioneer romance, hardship and
misfortune which later gave place to
cultured aad wealthy antebeIIum
civilization and presentday prosperity
and development, that region enjoys a
historic interest unique in American
annals.
In the early history Of this gre at
agricultural counry-then dense for
est and wild capebrake-are woven
the names o. men and women who
had played CONSPICUOUS parts IN the
greatest drama x war and nations the
world las seem Men VINO had
led armia u aIlic.s the result ot
whicA NH ssa The map Of
Europe d who bad adorned
the imy io Court Of France, took up
the n Of pioneers in the endeavor to
! foua ii ,he then primevaI forest. q
J. colony to cultivate the vine and the
Z olns l'se story Of their mlsior,une'
and trials IN the rude lille OF the iron
tier and the final utter failure Of the
venture is one uEI Of interest.
The Officer Who had commanded
Napoeons advance guard on th'
march 10 Paris after the return Iron
EIba. Colonel Nicholas KaouI' be
came famous backwoods terrymar
and his wife, marchioness who hat
been maid of honor at court cooke
his meals over the open hre in a cab
in home. Colonel, ,Cluis, who once ha
the captured King Ferdinand c
Spain in his custody became tn
k eper Of q tavern in Greensboro
General Count Bertrand CIausel' a
officer Of merit who commanded
Bordeaux during the Hundred Day
raised vegetables on little farm an
hawked them through the streets
Mobile, He afterwards returned
France, became marshal and COVE
nor Of AIgiers. Count LeIebvre De
noutes, cavalry oiheer with Il
rank of lieutenant. general who hi
fought with honor IN opaln al
Russia had ridden IN the carr'a
with Napoleon on the dlsas'erous r
treat from Moscow and whom u /
Emperor had embraced tor all
officers on bidding them farewell
tontalnebIeau' was one oil those "
shared ID the hardshIps IN Inc "lld'
ness he was lost at sea altemp'
to return to France FlenFy A'le''
made a lieutenant generaI' w. en'e
a member OF the french Ea''0l
Assembly who had voted Tor
death oil Louis XVI and a son OF
celebrated Marshal Grouchy who
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

follow ed with profit. Marenao county
and the surrounding territory with
romantic history is facing a future
which gives every promise Of seeing
it one Of the richest and most pros
porous sections Of the country,
w. w. FINLEY.
President, Southern Railway Co.
Washington, D. c.. January 4, 1913.
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

teams and wagons and knew no'h'nR
Of agriculture, and tie provision thai
thev-mnst cultivate the vine and olive
rroved great hardship since th
country was not suitable Misundar
standing as 10 the lald granted then
caused much distress as many cotton
isis cleared and improved land onI'
to find that they must abaa don II.
Unscrupulous squatters added to the
troubles Of the colony. and in two or
three years it began to disintegrate,
as many as could returning to France
The Bonapartsts brought no negro |
slaves and had no money with which |
to buy slaves. The exiIes we're no
farmers in France, and had been
banished wearing the silks and
velvets Of court life. They brought a
little wine and received more ''o,"
friends over the sea. No p opIe
we're braver. They dined and dane
ed in their log huts, but in ten ye ars
disastrous effort had oriVe" most
the colony away. q S'nH'o 0'''7 ~
y Demopo's anu q s''p'V''' - :" :
near Greensboro lnarN '"7 o''o9s
they lett DemopoI's-c''y OF '"e
peopIe-the name gwen 'ne ~"
settlement by 'h9 eA''e' i'o" 0o''
bon rule, and Ma'enso' 'le na''7
given the country IN when ! '7S III
honor OF one OF Napoleon N'79'
victories together wynn a 's" 7''o"
names, borne oy 'he uece"o@"'s %
those who renamed serve 10 9'o"
that the country was once peop'4" y
sons and daughters Q, Fa''o7'
Though the French es'a0l'sneo no
characteristic ciV'Nza''on !" ''' q I',A
county, built no monuments ana le''
no houses to mark their impress qpo'
the land Ii IS sun uPo" '''' p00'I' .'' "
refinement in gentleness' ana ID
prmceIy hospitality
As the colony began to dlsIn'esFa's
e American oeltlefs ihoyeo ~ '''o"9
honorabI7 boX'"g the co'o"'''S A'a"'s
tor TAR consideration Ar'o"S ''e"
were cultured and talented young '"7"
d who not only cleared the 'ano ans
d put vast acres under cu''l'a'''n 'u
. established civilization o' ,"e n'R"
d est class lhe land on "n'oo ''''
# Srench had Iabored SO Va'nIy 10 grow
e the vine and olive responded poon''
D. fully to the oo1thern cotton p'ap'e'
n and BY 1901 had become one 'us
at area OF plantations penera,eu D
$, numerous broad roads, and 'nnao''e
d by thousands OF happy and Indus'F'ou
Of people, living on estates ma'n'a'''e
10 in highest cultivation IN the m'oS'
r. this civilization there arose man
g. stately homes among them oe'ns SON
,e Of the bandsomest mansions OF tn
,d Oouth' NalnSWoou % d ->9'i''O'' :
ID show place which has been visited
,e architects from all parts oil the counr
q. and was declared by an emlne
"a authority the purest type oil o'F0''
,is architecture in America 1t Z"
at built by General Nathan b, want
ho field on the site OF the nome
.r George otrother Games VINO was l.
no government agent dealing win l
"a. Cbocktaws at the time the r rren
re settled Demosolls' In 1000 t'a,F
,al wood was the headquarters ot Ge
be eral Polk, Blut Hail. another n
y, toric residence, is second only
'ne "Gaioswood," and many other han
'se sons homes erected prior to the v
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16
WHY NOT MAKE $4,000 A MONTH That's
$500 Week, almost $1,000 Day

Selling Victor Safes and fire proof boxes
to merchants, doctors lawyers, dentists an9
wei Ito do farmers, all Of whom reallze then neeu
Of a safe, but do not know how easy istooWn
one Statesmen declare our proposition one OF
the best, clean-cut money making opportnnia
ties ever received. Without previous experfs
ence YOU can duplicate the success OF others
Our handsomely illustrated 2OO-page eataloH
will enable you to present the subject to cua'
TONERS in as interesting manner as thougn
= o nd i,Satrnctinna for ceiling sRfes, RiYinAa
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1913-01-16

phA 25th anniversary Of our
company was celebrated by
erecting the most modern safe
factory in the world. Widea
awake men who received our
special selling inducement,
rendered Unnecessary to double
our output. We are spending
many thousands Of dollars en-
largfng our sales Organization,
but TO learn all particulars, II
will cost you only the price Of
o postal card.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23
RECEPTION FOR
OBERLIN CLUB
Will Be Held Following Concert
at the Y. NJ. G.. A.
Saturday.

The Oberlin college glee club, which
is TO sing at the Y NJ. {. a. next Sat
urday night. will be warmly welcom-
ed by the people of Rock Island who
enjoy the music of well trained male
voices. joined in the good old glees
and melodies of college life The
glee club is one of the best before
the public. Twenty young men, care
fully selected from the standpoint OF
musical ability. comprise the group of
singers. They have appeared in %
states OF the union, always with great
success.
The young people who are at home
for the vacation from college are in
terested in the appearance of this
club from a sister school and many Of
them viii attend the concert. There
are quite a few alumni of Oberlin in
the three cities and il is expected that
many OF them will turn out 10 well
come these representatives of their
alma mater.
Plans are being made for an infor-
NAL reception TO be given Saturday
evening. after the concert, so as to
give an opportunity for the men of
the club. TO meet the young people OF
Rock Island. From 10 until 1890, in
the main lobby at the Y. VI. c. a,
the club will be honored in an infor-
nal way, following their performance
in the concert program.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23
WIN PRIZES IN
M. &k. CONTEST
Local Firm Conducts Novel
Literary Event Awarding
Liberal Prizes.

The VI. & X. has just completed a
novel essay writing contest in which
liberal prsses were awarded. I
first three prices consisting of SO
each in merchandise, were won by Har-
old Hughes Grigsby, S23 Fourteenth
and-a-half street, Rock Island; Cecil C.
Johnston, Presumption, Ill, and John
Glynn, 1104 Gaines street, Davenport.
The ages of the boys are Z, II and IA
years respectively.
Between 500 and 600 essays were
submitted in the contest and a com
mittee from three papers decided the
winners. The first three prizes con-
sisted of SO in trade apiece, and
every one who submitted an essay
will be awarded a box of candy on
Friday.
The subject of the compositions
were why 1t Pays TO Trade at the
NJ. & X"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23

Wonderfully patterned and coiored
brocades and silks that We have here
tofore admired at a distance with a
vague notion that they were Intended
for some use. but never for a moment
connecting them with the idea OF dress.
have come into favor for evening wear.
Often the entire wrap is fashioned OF a
material which reminds one strongly Of
a Chinese mandarin's coat, and then.
again, a wrap OF a rich velvet or silk in
a plain color IS trimmed with a gor-
geously coIored brocade in q Persian or
Indian design. 1t offers the woman
who really loves these vivid. glowing
colors TO indulge in them without ap-
pearing in poor taste
A charming dancing frock with a
double tunic of chiffon IN delicate
shade OF yellow over charmeuse OF a
darker shade is illustrated IN no. 800.
Over tho shoulders and edging each
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23
AGED LADY FINDS
A RELATIVE HERE
IN ROCK ISLAND
California Woman Locates
Daughter of Niece Whom
She Had Been Seeking.
is ASSURED BY LETTER
Mrs. A. =. Black Of Rock Island Is a
Grandniece of Mrs. Ida Bett-
ridge of Santa Monica.

That Mrs. F. a. Black. SS4 Ninth
street. is a relative of Mrs. Ida Bett-
ridge, the aged resident of Santa Mon
lea, Cal, who is endeavoring 10 locate
two nephews and a niece. is assured
by a letter the Rock Island woman
received this morning.
It will be recalled that about two
weeks ago Chief of Police James
Brinn received a communication from
Mrs Bettridge asking that he assist
her in locating two nephews. Wesley
and Israel Croker, and a niece. Jane
Elizabeth Crocker.
Mrs. Black saw an account of the
letter and the aged woman's appeal
for assistance in finding her relatives,
in The Argus. The similarity in the
name of the niece sought and that of
her mother caused her 10 direct sew
eral inquiries to The Argus Office,
where she was given the address of
the California woman.
Mrs. Black sent a letter to Mrs
Bettridge and the answer which was
received this morning beyond doubt,
assures that Mrs. Blacks mother. Jane
Elizabeth Croker, was a niece by
marriage of Mrs. Bettridge.
Is Old Woman.
A brief family history was given
in the letter received by the Rock
Island woman and while Mrs. Bett-
ridge does not know how old she is.
il goes 10 show that she has very
likely reached the century mark in
age.
Correspondence is to be kept up
between the women and it is likely
that before long Mrs. Black and her
husband will visit the relative whom
they have never seem
Mrs. Bettridge stated in the letter
that she was very lonely and that she
still believes that her nephew, Wesley,
is alive somewhere in this country.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23
PARTY FOR CRADLE ROLL.

Nr5. W. II. Marshall. superintendent
q The primary department OF Broad.
way Presbyterian Sunday school. Mrs.
w Suuiers. superintendent OF the era.
die roll and the class teachers enter.
-a.rHf the little folks and babies Of the
school yesterday afternoon from 20
3 in the primary rooms OF the church.
The rooms Were very beautifully dec.
Grated with Christmas greens holly.
stockings. baskets Of red flowers and
bells. and there vas a large. pretty
t.'n brilliantly lighted and decorated
There was "a Santa Claus. who distrib-
u-'I gifts and a treat for the little
ones. and their pleasure was unbound
Cd = short program was given. open
iu- with 81 song by the school. an ad-
dress Of leone Iv Dorothy StengeI.
a piano solo by Mrs.. Lee. and a recita-
-Ur. Wee Uabie=." by Florence stew
arr followed The mothers then gave
ar Informal rrozr7m. "Tha Raby I
Love- being the theme Tor short talks
Hy Airs. Ralph Haversfigk. Mrs. Al
He- Dart. Mrs. Jay GARRISON. Mrs.
Harry Suflow. Mr.. =. W Eahnsen and
Mr.. Lou CantsrrIrv Nrs. Daniel
HaE eF. Jr. sans a group o. songs. Mrs
Canterbury cave q recitation. and Miss
GLADYS Mcnamara played a piano
solo. the dsiiEhtfuI program closing
T-rI song by The school
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23

There is one thought which l like
writing for my readers and that Is,
that nearly, if lot quite, 80 per cent
of the women in this country at the
! head of homes do their own work. 1t
sounds too large to be true, doesn't
| it? Statistics have proven for us,
however, that such is the case. This
brings me to the thing | have been
thinking much about lately, and that
! is the woman with a family TO pro-
vide three meals a day for, amidst all
the excitement of her Christmas Civ
| ing, decoration of the home to give
| 1t festive air with perhaps visit or
two to the dressmaker, extra plan
ming for some entertainment for the
children home from school, besides
the numerous extra things which
come always into the everyday life of
the household.
If she keeps well and strong with
all this extra pressure 1t is because
she has learned how to systematize
her work, make every step count and
plan foods which will nourish and re-
build wasted and spent energies.
These meals should contain all the
nutritive food values and be easy and
simple to prepare as well. The
breakfast should be simple, but food
that has staying qualities. If the
lunches can be at IL o'clock or half
past, il is fine to make this an all
fruit meal, adding a cup OF cocoa.
Coffee is stimulating, but cocoa is a
food. | would recommend it for
breakfast, luncheon or the evening
meal and if well made every men,
Der OF the family is sure to like it.
The luncheon may, be a good vege
table, thick or cream soup, boiled
rice, baked potatoes, macaroni and
cheese, salads, fruits. In fact, any |
food, but easily prepared and well !
planned in advance.
Use the fireless cooker whenever |
possible for the dinner, a. this will |
save tire and watching in the cook |
ing and give freedom for Christmas !
system, which spells ease, poise, hap
piness and good health.
A Few Dinner Menus.
Fireless Cooked Ham.
Baked Potatoes.
Escalloped Tomatoes.
Whole Wheat Bread and Butter.
Chowchow.
Leaf Lettuce with French Dressing.
Coffee (blackD or Cocoa.
The thing which will make this
dinner little trouble or work at the !
last moment is in its preparation in
advance in the morning. The ham is
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23

Dear 4Irs. Thompson: I am a girl
OF 20.
~ How can become more asso-
ci-rive? In company with boys and
-i-Is ] am unable 20 Join in the con-
Ters-tiOn.
80 Please advise a nice. dainty.
inexpensive lunch 20 serve after a
study class.
80 What Is tie best thing to
vLi-en the teeth besides charcoal?
CO How can ouII my hair? Are
curling tougs bad for the hair2
90 When a bog brings you home
should sou thank him or just bid
him GOOD night?
'FJ How can ! clean a pair OF
good brown Kid gloves
~ WHAT 90 you think Of a man
~ about fi'y visiting US raite often,
asking me 20 play tl1 piano and
while IL the ether room kissing my
halLe G.. VI.
GF II you cannot fotn in the con
veEsat.or. be a rooi listener. Learn
20 laugh over Others Jokes, 20 look
iatsrested in what they have 10 say,
and 90 look pleasant Then they will
liEa 10 have you with them
80 Dainty white and brown bread
aadwicles. chicken salad. small
cakes and chocolate
90 Peroxide. but don't use It too
often. Charcoal IS better.
I'D Kid curriers' are better than the
cfr-.-- longs. But vly curl the
--.re D. w laeD :; vel brushed
and &. Healthy condition il viii have
a natural wave which Is Tar prettier
than artificial curis
t5T Tog might say that YOU had
AN enjoyable time nd then wish him
"a pleasant GOOD night
I.I There is a Wallpaper cleaner
-Ia. b. ve-- good 90 use on %
-la-. Fresh rye bread squeezed
rt1 q dough Is also good
90 think DE IS CID enough to
EEa" better.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1913-12-23

tunIc is a band of Persian embroidery
in which there are glints Of gold and
interminglinHs OF shades that harmon
lie exquisitely with the material OF the
gown.
The bodice Is a very simple surplice
design; the transparent sleeves and
decolletege are edged with tiny pearls
This gown may be copied in size IS
with 21 yards Of plain material for the
sklrt.~Sh yards OF ~ inch material. SIX
or chiffon, for the overdress. A simple
charming design for an evening wrap
IS shown in s0T6. II IS perfectly plain.
closes on the left shoulder and Is well
suited 10 the rich brocade in which IL
is here developed
This wrap may be made in any size
with ss yards Of ~ inch or 50 inch
material without Up and down
No. SIOO-sizes 30 to IL.
No sO16-s!zes 80 TO 40.
Each pattern Is cents