davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-10-03
THE COTTON TAX QUESTION
History Of so-caIIed Smith Lever Bill
40 Told by Underwood.

BY adopting the Underwood amend
ment to the Clarke amendment to the
tariff bill, the house of representatives
last Tuesday night indorsed Senator
e. d. Smiths plan for the regulation
Of dealings in cotton futures.
Majority Leader Underwood, in the
course of his remarks on the cotton
schedule, said:
"The first time I ever heard Of the
proposition was when it was introduce
ed in a bill offered by Senator Smith
of South Carolina. In that bill he used
the interstate commerce power Of the
government to enforce the bill"
Representative Lever heartily con-
Cured in the support Of the amend
ment and in the course of his argu-
ment said:
"The history Of this substitute may
throw some light upon the proposition
and have some weight with the MEM
bership of this house. The substitute
was drawn at my suggestion-if you
will pardon a personal reference-by
experts Of the department Of agricul-
ture and the department Of commerce.
The first draft Of the bill was submit
ted to the postmaster general OF the
United States, who for long years was
a distinguished member of congress
and whose record in reference to this
kind Of legislation Is well known to the
membership Of this house. He made
some suggestions and some corrections
and, indeed, added some ideas. The
substitute as then agreed upon by him
and myself was handed to the presi-
dent of the United States. The substi-
tute embodied the ideas contained In
the bill introduced in the senate OF the
United States and acted favorably
upon several times by Its committee
on agriculture by the Junior senator
from South Carolina-Senator Smith
who has given not one day. not one
year, but twenty years Of thought to
this problem. The president Of the
United States agreeing to the substi-
tute, put 1t into the hands Of the gen.
tleman from Alabama who offered 1t In
conference and who offers 1t now"
II the senate accepts the Underwood
amendment, and 1t Is believed that 1t
will, the principle for which Senator
Smith has been contending so long and
for which Mr.. Lever so ably agreed,
will become law within the next few
days. Those who are familiar with the
situation here, and who know Of the
fight that they have been making are
congratulating both upon their efforts.
1t is generally conceded by those who
heard Mr.. Levers argument Tuesday
afternoon that his speech turned the
tide in favor Of the amendment intro
Observation-Disclosures dispatch to the
Columbia State. ... ....
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-10-03

When they came back from Wash
ington at the end Of Curran's second
term-where. by the way he achieved
far better name as humorist than a
statesman-they drove UP High street
and the thought was with them both
how had the problem worked its way
out.
They saw Aurelie chasing her two
babies over the Van Hart lawn trying
to recapture them to place in the car
riage. The lively ingenious wife, still
the happy little outlaw in tn eyes OF
High street, never able quite to hit 1t
Off with her mother-in-law, but uncar-
ing for that. At least she had held the
alteration Of her husband through the
uprise Of his fighting life. pleased his
friends and discounted his enemies
with equal gaiety.
She ran across to meet them. and to
lift her black-eyed boy to Mr.. Curran.
Were getting up charity fiesta
and I'm going to appear at the tin OPP
era house as Cinderella. think every
body'n come to see met makes such
a difference who one is. Uncle Mich
says at last we done come to the land
o'joy!"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-10-03

dering romance in me that never could
put by! Eth, I'm forty, now-Tm
damned fool! Well, It's the long straight
road, now-for me-"
ITO Washington" she murmured
And always on! Oh, Wiley! I'm proud
that when the blow fell you did moi
cringe nor whimper! You did not rur
away-you came back here tonight tc
work again!" ......
He looked at her with a trace Of his
old humor tightening the sadness. BE.
cause Of you, Janet. And Harlan, and
a few-just as you've always done!
Help-oh, how need help!" He buried
! his face in his arms upon the desk: 81
need you. Janet. can't do without you
Il never could, damn me-but I didn't
know 1t! Washington I want you
You sent me there"
She was laughing in curious abne-
CATION as she placed her hand down to
his head. "You can't do without me
Wiley! When your old boys romance
was at it's best, / knew you needed me
the worst. I saw 1t in your eyes-al-
ways! The new efficient woman-the
helper, the companion" ...
1.-THE near woman-the dear woman
he murmured.
They did not hold each other In long
embraces, gazed into each others eyes
or murmur unutterable things. They
were man and woman, tried and know
ing. They would see each other with
magic clearness, love each what the
other loved and work all their lives
long for that and for the amazing in
terest they had in each other. That
would be living. ..
"Eh! Those youngsters!" cried WI
ley out of this fine understanding.
There's the problem-it's all before
them to work out. Ours is quite done,
dear!"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02
The Hermit Republic"

Harriet Chalmers Adams and Franklin
Adams in the American Review OF Re-
views.
Anticipating the opening Of the Panama
canal, Bolivia Americas storehouse OF
mineral wealth. is busily engaged in spik-
ing rails.
Bolivia was long the hermit republic.
Years ago she lost her seaports and,
perched on the roof of the western world,
her metropolis. La Paz, was remote ana
inaccessible.
Highland La Pas has recently been con-
nected With the Pacific seaboard by a
third rail route. A fourth win join the
BOLIVIAN roads with the giant railway
system Of Argentina. Two lines will link
the Aadean liplands with the navigahle
waterways tributary to the Amazon. TWO
more will unite the rich eastern agri-
cultural lands and the La Plata river
highway On every side the pent re-
sources of this nightly landlocked repub-
lie will find an outlet. The commercial
liberation of Bolivia is assured.
All this has not been accomplished
without sacrifice The republic long en-
joyed the distinction of being "a country
without a debt 1t long refused prof
fered aid to retain this enviable position
Al last however. conscious of the bril-
Liant future promised by the oeve,op-
ment of it's great natural riches awaiting
that vital essential. transportation, tho
offers became Irresistible, and external
debts were assumed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

the flame of q watch and the mighty
apparatus was thus set in motion. The
time was noted and each groove made
in the sand by the needle like point was
recorded. After hours had transpired
the course of these grooves was observed
TO vary to the right or left, as the pendu-
lum was going or comingy In the most
minute of degrees and in the course of
time the sharp edge of the sand heaps had
boen worn away as smoothly and COM
pletely as though cut by knife hori-
zontally applied. During the progress Of
the investigation Professor Loewry made
public commersss in the nature of a
quasi-lecture which were replete with
scientific interest and entertainment.
Though he, of course. spoke in the pur-
est French some of his idioms were in
tensey droll to American ears. Thus
he spoke of sand as crying under ones
feet and referred to spray as powder
of the sea- or dust of the ocean, AS
/ listened 7 could but reflect that in the
Gallic tongue it would be perfectly
proper 10 speak of a dusty river while
the old axiom. dry as powder would
be an antithess indeed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

ton the discrepancy has been reduced
to the infinitessimal period of time just
mentioned
To the ordinary. individual the frac-
tional discrepancy of such minuteness
would appear of no import and the search
ing therefor would seem to be a hyper
critical quibbling, but its significance il
OF far greater value than at first APP
pears Upon the sixteenth of a second
depends the geographical existence and
limitation of every contiguous nationality
territory. county and town, for II viii
be remembered that when the first find
of gold was made in the Klondile 1t was
not definitely determined whether the
region was American or English, the
boundary line between Alaska and north
west territory of Great Britain not being
clearly defined. This necesstated an ex-
act survey to establish the fact that the
coveted soil was 100 miles removed from
America. Had that sixteenth of a sec
ond been definitely accounted for, the
result of the survey may have been diff
ferent.
Again, little hamlet Of log hut5 uaon
TIE ukOu was named circle city, the
founders of the village believing ii to lie
within the Arctic circle but the name
was ascertained to have been mis-
nonler as the town lay 20 miles south Of
the line of the Arctic circle and when
the lost fraction Is ascertained accurately
many an one may discover that all his
life he has been in error in supposng him
self a citizen of a certain commonwealth
or in rendering fealty TO a foreign father
land.
The researches In Paris for reconciling
the discrepancy between the two meri-
dans We're conducted by Professor
Loewry, superintendent OF the Paris OBJ
serVatory, who selected the Pantheon as
part Of his field of generations on ac-
count of the enormous reach of its dome.
which rises to the height of 216 feet. Here
the experiments relative to the rotation
of the earth We're daily conducted and at
tended by an immense concourse of peo-
pie. An immense copper ball was sus-
pended by n perfectly straight wire from
the apex of the rotunda and its oscilla-
tons were protected from molestation by
huge circle OF metal banisters. At
either extremity of the diameter made by
the sweep OF this gigantic pendulum were
stationed little tables containing hiiocks
of pure white sand through which a
needle-like point upon the bottom of the
bali passed at every vibration leaving a
track behind IT,
In order that the course of The oseilla-
ton should be unerringly straight. the
pendulum. before being put in motion
was tied with a silk string to a pedestal
close 10 the metal railing and It's swing
was started by burning the string with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

all questions in the most suaye manner.
and was apparently Indifferent to APP
proval and disapproval alike. At the
close of his effort he elected the APP
plause of the entire chamber and was
overwhelmed with congratulations by
that faction of which he was mem
Der.
have spoken of the chamber of
deputies being embellished with a re-
production in tapestry Of Raphaels
School of Athens. and while it may
subject me to the criticism of want OF
continuity in subject, it will at least
not spoil my story to speak of the cele-
brated tapestries produced by the cele-
brated Gobelin looms of Paris, which
are one of the sights of the city and
yet which so many American visitors
to the French capital fail to see.
The looms are situated upon an ave-
nue. bearing their name and are open
to the visiting public but twice week.
This marvellous industry was first in
troduced into France by Fontainebleau
when Francis / imported some Flem-
ish workmen and was greatly aug
mented by Henry ~, who at the be-
ginning Of the seventeenth century
congregated in Paris number OF
Italian and Netherland weavers
The name Gobelin is taken from an
old firm of wool dyers by that name
in whose factory the tapestry looms
were first located. about 1880. Thirty
years later the great Colbert induced
Louis XIV to purchase the plant and
have it conducted under the manage
,nent of Charles lie Brun. the painter,
and in 1904 Napoleon made IL a public
Institution Originally, in addition to
tapestry there were made here en-
brolderies furniture. mosaics. bronzcs I;
and works of gold which We're for the
exclusive use OF royal palace decora-
tions or royal gifts and to this day
the products of the plant are designed
for public purposes only. Among the
designers who contributed to the sue
cess Of the institution We're such Celeb
rites as Coypel, Corneille, Van Loo and
Boucher and when it is remembered
that the wool used for the fabrics rem
resents 1000 different hues of 12 Diff
ferent shades each, comprising in ali
1900 colors, some idea OF the elab-
orateness and mastery Of its technfnua
may be gained X
At present there are about 40 work
men employed. the beginners receivinp;
only $2i0 a year. while tho skilled
workman's wages are in the neiahbor-
hood of $500 per annrlm and free house
rent Thefforeman's wages approxip,atc
$1,000 per annum, Which Is extremely
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02
The Suing Of Gaue1, Shuttle and Pendulum,


that they would have to be used upon
the day of their reception.
But I was amply repaid for all my
trouble, as the chamber was engaged
in discussing a deficit in the annual
budget and l was so fortunate as to
hear the empassioned speech of M Ri
bot, one of Frances greatest states
men.
Arriving at the palace, ] presented
my card of admission and after writ
ing my address in register I was
conducted up several flights of steps
tofan antechamber where hat, overcoat
and wraps had to be left to the keep
ing OF a functionary who finally, un-
locked a door and ushered me into a
small gallery The door was locked
behind me-
Imagine, if you please. the national
House of Representatives at Washing
ton being Kept under lock and key and
tne names OF visitors recorded. and the
absurd incongruity of the situation will
at once appeal to you The galleries
are divided into small loges, closely
resembling those of a theatre and orna-
mented by 20 marble columns. The
seats are but four rows deep and span
the aisles, the latter ones being raised
upon hinge for the passage OF vis-
ltors and readjusted afterward.
Inc hall itself is semi circular in
1orm disproportionately lofty for the
other dimensions; it is embellished with
= reproduction in tapestry OF Raphaels S
Scnool or Athens and Is lighted from
above by electricity concealed by a
glass ceiling. The Presidents chair is
most ridiculous4y high, being ap-
proached by two flights OF steps and
IN front Of him, though much lower
tnhn MS desk. is a small rostrum which
TIE members mount and occupy when
adore ssing the chamber
fnH grown men. bearing swords,
performed the duties discharged by
those pages in our American Congress
upon the floor of the chamber | noted
several priests in their frocks and the
audience was composed of a goodly
number of ladies' in the galleries.
had been present but a brief PEI
riod Of time when NJ Ribot mounted
the rostrum and began his remarks
IN remarkably mellifluous tone of
voice. He spoke for an hour and his
peroration was thrillingly eloquent. A
giass or Wine occupied the table be-
tore him. being several times replen-
lshed during his ADDRESS, He held a
iew notes In his hand but seldom re-
ierrfd to them, and he was frequently
interrupted BY terrogations, jeers. ex-
ciamations 1isapproval and APP
piause He, however. was not In the
least disconnected. for he replied to
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

which is designated in French as a savon-
nerie.
Here the workmen sit in silence as their
ancestors for generations before them
have set and diligently ply their craft.
Their fingers are nimble but they are
frail, yet their delicate cunning is vieing
in stability and perpetuity with the fabri-
cation of the great cathedral builders
and masons OF Norman architecture, for
long after those fingers have turned to
mould the tapestries which they created
win exist and be admired The famous
Bayeux tapestry is but strip OF solid
linen 23t feet in length and only 20 inches
wide, yet it is believed to have been
fashioned by Matilda. queen of william
the Conquerer, and despite its fraity has
endured for well nigh 1000 years
But linen and wool are not the only
material upon which the creations of
the great artists have been reproduced
They are faithfully and most inarvelously
copied in porcelain and ceramics in which
Paris also excels. Most Americans are
familiar with the great factory at sevres
and | shall waste no time upon 1t. There
is one museum, however, in the French
c3pltdl lnat rev VlSltorS see and that
is the Conservatoire of Arts and Meters.
The South Kensington museum of Lon
don and the patent office at Washington
are its nearest approaches.
----
l shall not take time to go into de-
tail Of description, but | must mention
a magnificent royal Bengal tiger that
saw here engaged in death struggle
with huge boa CONSTRUCTOR | admired
the beast and reptile most extravagantly
and gazed at them for half an hour pre-
suming. of course. that both were stuffed
and prepared by the tax:derrnisf, but
what WAS my surprise to learn that they
we're fashioned of finely spun glass The
deception was perfect Here are to be
seen also a set Of porcelain teacups filled
with perforations but the holes are so
tiny that not a drop of beverage can ooze
through and here is heroic statue in
porcelain of Bernard Pallissy The founder
of ceramic art In France Pallissy was
condemned as a Husenot and imprisoned
in the bastile where he died
Many visitors to Paris omit The Pan
theop, and yet It Is one of the most in
terestng edifices of the city. Not long
ago | witnessed here o very curious ex-
pertinent, the object or which was TO
account for the loss OF "A sixteenth of a
second of measurement. 1t has been for
some time known that this mite Of
discrepancy exists between the meridlans
of Greenwich and Paris. This difference
was formerly OF q greater proportion but
after exhaustive Research and inyestiga-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

Z YISTUR EDDITUR;-There have
MI been menny men who have cum
to Washington with lofty per-
persies, and CRATE and magnificent
idears. Pure ideals which would pass in
spectsion frum the Pure Food and Drug
Commission. with furm determination
to remain trew to the commun peepul,
and live up to there Promises maid in
good faith to the folks in the rural dis
tricts back home. In fact, no doubt most
OF them do. but sum, alas unused to
the ways of this wicked town, and un-
equipped with experyense to cope with
the undew inflewanses exersised by the
golden calf-nevver having before seen
that kind OF calf--let there good resso-
Iusions totter, and when they onse begin
to tot it is but few fleeing momints
till the finnish is standing politely at
the door waiting for them hat in hand.
Washington is no pase for the un-
sofisticated. the innersent and the pure
and the good. The unsolfisticated in
nersent, pure and good in Washington
do not remain so exsept under crate
difficulties. They air outvoted on EVERY
roll call, and all that they can 90 is
to bring in mynorroty report
Soshall life in Washington is the rock
upon which good ressolusions air so free
Quintly rocked. You take the Congress-
man, who back In the sticks was piller
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

meagre as the work requires the ut
most patience and the most astutely
trained eye. Notwithstanding such a
limited compensation many families
have been employed for. generations
in the industry
While the wages are low. the ma
terial produced is very costly as the
average work Is about one and a half
square yards a year. though an excep-
tionally skilled artisan can complete
between three and four square yards in
that period, which, at the lowest fig
ure. would aggregate $500 per yard
for the tapestry in wages alone, not
counting the cost of the material.
AS one stands before these looms it
is almost impossible to conceive how the
minute details, the exquisite delicacy of
tone blending and the scrupulous fidelity
OF outlines are executed, While the pa
tience and painstaking of the operator
are a marvel in themselves.
The looms are known as the high
warp machines, that is with the warp
threads vertical instead Of horizontal,
and but three of them are now employed
III ploCucins SIODellllS prOpel lHt weaver
works with the reverse side of the tapesty
facing him and the outlines of the design
are drawn in delicate black crayon lines
upon the stretched threads. while upon
the opposite side of the threads, that is,
the right side of the tapestry, are placed
little mirrors into which the artisan
gazes by separating the threads at inter-
walls and peepirg between them. Aside
OF him are the picture TO he copied and
a basket OF vafi-colored woods, the shades
and tines of which sometimes reach over
ld,po0 IN number. With small shuttle
held constantly in the hand he inserts
the weft thread and presses it tightly
down against the warp with an instru-
ment resembling a fine tooth comb. When
the thread is nearly exhausted, the shut
ties with the remnant thereon are sold
to visitors as souvenirs for compare
lively small sum OF money.
The pictures produced are generally OF
some NEUROLOGICAL or religious subjects
and the masterpieces of the great artists
are favorite types for reproduction.
IN working upon the famous carpets
of Savonnerie. which are also manufac-
tured here, the workman has the copy III
front of him and woslSs upon the right
side Of the fabric. but IN such instance
the weft threads are tied and later cut
with shears. producing a soft velvet pie.
The name of these carpets is derived
from the fact that the first factory was
established III 1850 ia an old soap factory
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-02

m HE first visit to the city of
Washington made by one living
= some distance from the nations
capital ever remains a red letter day
in the life Of the individual and it
goes without saying that the capitol
building is tho most interesting fea-
ture Of that initial visit.
The first visitor is struck with the
beauty and immense proportions of the
building and impressed with the demo-
cratic spirit of simplicity which al
lows unrestrained access TO the halls
of legislation by rich or poor. humble
or great.
This spirit of American freedom is
strongly oontrasted when one pays a
visit to the parliamentary chambers of
Americas sister republic, whose cap
dtol buildings lie upon the left bank of
the Seine.
The parliament Of France does not
hold the sittings Of it's two bodies In
the same building, the senate sessions
occupying the old Luxembourg palace
and the 5s1 deputies transacting their
business in the Bourbon palace
The latter building was erected in
1922 for the Dowager Duchess of Bour-
bon and afterward improved by the
Prince de Conde at an expenditure OF
16,000.000 francs. Here once sat the
famous council of five hundred and
its steep banks of Seats resembling
a huge staircase, gave rise to the name
of the mountain, partisan body once
( pcoupying a large portion of them.
e& owing to extreme paucity of room
And space for spectators access to the
fhamber during legislative sessions is
almost impossible. admission being by
tard, and foreigners can only procure
sfntrance through the good offices of
E tho ambassadors OF heir respective
countries.
i had seen the parliamentary ses-
sions OF the countries of Great Britain
Brazil, Greece, Germany. Holland. Bel
Eium and Norway and l was extremely
anxious to add that OF France to my
roster, s
"a With this end in view I made APP
x plicatfon to Gen. Horace Porter at that
time the American ambassador. who
presented the request to the French
minister of foreign affairs. who in turn
solicited the the president or the cham
'per. all OF which constituted a con-
pg mentioned here that the deputies
admissioni at their. disposition for the
/ was informed ut tho embassy that the
cards would be sent to my residence
poet haste by special courier and