davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
TYPES OF THE HORSE

Horse breeding has been followed
az q trade svcr since animals were
first domesticated. but tho study OF
types has only quite recently been
taken up by men Of science with q
view OF sscertoinins tho origin Of the
species and 70 diRerentiate their
ohAractsristios, A. result Of this
study. based upon these anatomical
differences and variations which have
resulted from wide geographical dis
tribution. and which probably origin
atsd IN early geological times. il may
be accepted that there are Tour
families or species Of horses.
The first type in this classification
Is tho Celtic horse found on The west
coast Of Norway. known 40 the Fjord
horse In Iceland, Faeros. BarrA, ana
other small islands Of the outer
Hsbrides In northern Scotland. on
the shetland Isles, and In Connemara
or northern Irsland.S There has also
been found close kinshipS between
e., Celtic horse and the true Tarpan
horse OF Russia Tho principal char
aoteristics Of this type are that. In
common with the asses and Eebras
It has no callosities on its hind legs
and has black stripe the entire
length Of the back and through the
tall. It Is also frequently. striped on
the legs and shoulders like the asses
and Is OF brown or light dun color.
The second type of horses>is tho
found in a wild state on
the steppes of central Asia. There
ar, few OF these in England on the
estate OF the Duke Of Bedford. and
several specimens are being bred in
the New York geological Gardens.
The Prejevalsky horse is of red
Blown color with light "mealy"
nose, has large head in proportion
to his body and is ''cat hamed." and
less powerful than the Celtic horse.
Some writer's have assumed that the
Tarpan and the Prejevalsky horses
belonged to the same family. but this
is not now accepted. on account OF
their marked differences the most
Of which Is that tho
Prejevalsky has the callosities on his
hind legs. In this family 1t usually
takes the form Of narrow strip and
not drop-shaped as is common with
other horses. There has been sug-
gestion that this little horse only
twelve hands high, Is the living ex-
ample OF the original ancestor Of the
draft horses Of Europe, but 1t seems
highly improbable. inasmuch as fossils
Of the draft type have been found
showing its great antiquity. and AL
more inclined to believe that these big
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
GROWING RAPE.

Rape grows best in soils rich in hue
mus and vegetable matter: it is espec-
tally luxuriant on well worked muck
or old pasture land. For early crops.
seed as soon as the ground can DO
worked; for fall pastur1ng. SOW about
July Is. The seed Ii sown> either
broadcast or. in drills 80 inches apart,
at the rate of two pounds per acre.
Cultivate three or four times. Drilling
is considered the best
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

The Bureau Of Animal Industry has
developed sort Of equine breakfast
food composed OF cocoanut and pea
nut meals. A bulletin issued by the
department of agriculture describes
the results obtained by trying the mix
ture on ten Morgan yearlings and four
work horses on the bureaus horse
farm near Middlebury. Vt. Az con-
clusion Of recen. test Of this econo-,
mic diet the savings in cost were re-
ported @16.75 per ton Of mixture.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
How Soils Retain Moisture
BY r. J. Crosby.

To ascertain the capacity Of soils to
tske in rainfall, break the bottoms of
s long-nscksd bottles. tie . piece Of
cheesscloth or thin muslin over the
mouth OF each and arrange them In .
rack with glass tumbler under each
6no. Fill the bottles to about the
same height with Different kinds Of
soil and Arm the soils BY lifting the
rack and jarring It down moderately
three or four times. TO break the
bottom OF Of bottle Ale . groove in
tho bottle parallel with the bottom.
Heat poker red-hot and lay It In the
groove. Al soon ~ . small crack
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
n1uurmaIl1u HEInIn TN Ill1l1llmn NhMLl

A bench Of lettuce grown In . con-
servatory wa9ered by Understandings
20 prevent rot, and fumigated with to-
bacco extract. Completely free from
both rot and aphides.
ing water poured over them and left
over night, makes good preparation
FOR use about the house on flowers and
other ornamentals infested with
aphides.-
Manufactured tobacco extracts with
: known percentage Of nicotine are on
the market, and are more certain IN
their effect because of the possibility
of making up each time definite So
luton, One such extract which con-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

The successful results attending CO.
operative dairying in England were
made the subject Of report to the
Department Of Commerce and Labor
by B. F. Chase. United States Consul at
Leeds. The report shows that the dis
tributing depots at Leeds, Hull. Scar
boro and other places. handles more
than 100000 gallons Of milk annually,
beside large quantities Of Other dairy
products. its total business amounting
70 100000 q year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

by us ON q large number Of comn1o1s
weeds, with varying results. Il has
but little effect on some and attacks
others promptly. The grasses and
grains are largely exempt from injury.
and this has enabled expsrimsnters In
northern oat fields to do good work
with 1t In destroying Wild mustard.
h In meadows and pastures We are
sometimes troubled with whits-top and
with sour dock. Both weeds are At
tackled BY a 20 per cent solution Of iron
suifata, and with . couple Of Spreyingo
with compassionate prayer.
1t ID possible TO kill most ct the
white-top and 70 prevent the soue 0ock
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

very small profit from s1.31 to $3.50.
Just six COWS return profits that
should be expected, from S21.3S to
1870. No COW producing less than
$1,000 pro1t per year should be re-
tanned. Had this herd consisted OF 10
cows like the best one, the owner
would have made = $40 profit in
stead Of s2ss.44 for the year.
Herd No. 2 had 81 cows that
averaged 4,1ss pounds Of milk and
1853 pounds Of buttsrfet, and made .
total profit of 3e4.7s-only t1.s1 per
COW for the year. Fifteen Of these
cows were kept at positive loss to-
falling S1o1.s7. and only four cows
had as much a. SIC profit. # the
owner had MIXED only these four
cows he would have made moro
money and would have saved tho
labor Of caring forthe other 30.
Herd No. had II cows, every
one Of which shows q profit above s1e
and an average profit Of SAi.ee.
Herd No. had IL cows which
average only SAT POUNDS Of milk
and, 124 pounds Of buttsrfat Ton OF
these cows were kept at an actual
loss aad the best cow made q profit
OF only 1901. The total loss Of this
herd was @111.ss. or $40 per COW.
Herd No. 8 had 10 cows aver
aging s,s2s pounds Of milk ana $50
pounds Of butterfat, making . total
profit Of 356s.s4 and an average OF
1890 per COW. And the best four
cows In this herd made . proft OF
s244, which is moro than the total
profit of the whole three herds. l. D.
and 4, containing 70 cows and return
inr only 1921 profit in year. Al
though grade herd. it, lowest COW
returned . profit Of 1880. which u
more than twice that Of the best COW
In herd No. 4.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
with a view Of furnishing the farm.

With q view Of furnishing the farm.
ers Of the state with pure seed. the
governor Of Massachusetts, has an
nounced that the farms connected
with the various state institutions
would raise seed and sell them at a
fair market price. This will not only
be Of great benefit to the state but
also a source Of revenue to the insti-
tutions. Particular attention will be
giyen Is the gaising Of grass sseG.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

from psodurAng sssdA. q lsas9 until
after tho hano-ezASs sesds, timothy.
seeds and hay are harvested. This
matter y OF spscial importAnos be-
cause OF tl,s freQusney with which sour
dock sssds occur among timothy and
other seeds. with the uss Of iron
sulfats Il should be possible 70 keep
the weeds suppressed 90 that their
seeds will not appear IN tho SEED crop
OF the grasses.
The solution raay DO prepared ~
dissolving a 100 pound sack OF IRON
sulfate In barrel $50 gallons) OF wa
ter. This gives somewhat more than
30 per cent, but II near enough TOT
practical purposes
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

me tomato 10 essen tially seed bed
Desn&. 70 secure long period of
SiUsainS the seed must be sown In
fosv1n1 beds several weeks In adj
vance OF the time. whsn It may safely
b sst In the open field. Our rule Is
fren eight to ten wee<s.
70 secure profitable crops In the
Notehsrn ATTITUDES 1t Is essential that
hsTs statlsy plants be used and that
t1asy DO set In we'll prepared, fertile
so1l, tire transplanting being done in
such manner as to- insure the mini
hsasn check in growth
Two or three t-ansplantings while
r plant beds are essential to secure
short strong, stalky plants with .
compact. fibrous root system.
IN trasssplanting we move chunk
s3.eaFth about four inches square with
cash plant. We make rows three and
~ plants sixteen to eighteen inches
- the row.
Each plant Is confined to = single
bsanch end trained to stake. Strong
twlns 10 used to secure the plant to
~ stake, one such support being
Wed just below each cluster.
The string II first made secure to
~ seske, single knot Will usually
saswer and then the stalk enclosed.
. doubls knot being necessary in this
case. Ample allowance should be
made for subsequent growth Of
0eeS1O. -
A iaesrai win appear at each leaf
3oint and these must be removed at
oaeo In order that the entire strength
81 the plant be directed into the
growing Of t41o single stalk and the
developments OF tn. fruit cluster
thereon.
In ouF own experience we have
f0und that this method OF culture has
decided advantage over other meth
eds. First, gain IL made in securing
sasly maturity Of fruits; second, the
fruit IL larger and Amer in quality.
Whfls there are not 80 many, indi-
vA-usa fruits as where permitted to
1sanch freely. there Is gain IN size
nd q very decided gain in the number
q perfect specimens.
The fsrk being held susp ended. the
nlassenos Of the SUMS rays reaches
svsry portion OF It's surface. resulting
in higher and more perfect colortnh
than - ever secured when the fruit
comes In contact with tho ground or
NJ muichsd surface.
Furthermore. afr and sunlight have
free access to every portion OF leaf
swsasce. promoting activity In cellular
eiss,aes and health in these tissues al
we'll, We fouad that grown by this
nAse,sod there II scascsly any molina
tseo toward ru<t1nS In tfs fruit.
y sscurs tho srestsst bsneflt from
III asssaod through earlier maturing
lsuN II n esssntial that the plants be
eara rlargs and strons. ,
hovO t1anspianted with scarcely
auv check Ia SEowth. plants that were
GlUhtsen inches In height and one
siusser set with fruit A ball Of earth
b rsm7vsd with each plant, however,
Acn Tor 10 ax inches square.
- b essential too, that the son
ncesse b. conserved By suficient
znaonesoancs tillags and that the
syuaud be wen fsrtil1sed h order that
shsss b. no hitch in the process that
MaAss for the maximum growth, both
In foliage and fruit.
While this method IL certainly the
Ipne for US under our conditions Of
Su0 and climate, It may not give
aiaeANy as profitable results under
ySsy and all conditions.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

II 70 not az generally recognized as
Il should be that we have in tobacco
q splendid insecticids for use against
some Of the most troublesome soft
bodied insect pests For plant lice
4 has proved very effective. and being
harmless to plants, can often be en-
ployed whore poisons are out OF the
question. No.
A pound and . half OF tobacco
stems in wooden bucket with boil
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
BE CAREFUL ABOUT THE FEED.

Pigs that are too Fat are apt to have
scours or thumps. and lou should
watch the feed OF tho SOW carefully at
nrst. Do not make Il too rioh. Pigs
will begin to eat when they are about
two weeks old. and they should then
receive some feed IN addition to their
mothers milk. e - best 20 provide a
PEN Ia which 70 feed the pigs which
they can enter but the SOW cannot.
Keep the piss trough cleaned care
fully, or digestive troubles will result.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

It 10 said that the undrained swan :
lands Of Louisiana. aggresatins moro
than 100000 acres, form an area Of
fertility excelled by no other In tho
world except possibly that Of the ANA
son flood plain. It has been estimated
that these lands, t.part from the cities
which would exist. could support .
of over 3 IL millions
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

A good feed for both sow And pigs
Is q maxture OF corn, shorts. oil meal
and tAnkags. Keep them on q good
pasture of lesuminous crop. such a.
alfalfa or clover. II the pasture 10 not
avatlable. alfalfa hay may be fed for
the hogs Will relish It in summer q
we'll ~ In winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
SETTING BOUNDSroNEs

Often the farmer buys and sslls
land, and az In many instances the
property 90 to be Transferred u OF no
great value. a. In the case Of wood.
land and small parcels Of pasture
land, he mot infrsQusntly draws the
instrument of conveyance himself. And
In almost every case, whether he en-.
ploye the services Of . conveyancer o.
not. he II expected to designate the
bounds OF the pieos - be Transferred.
This responsibility IN connection with
the transaction 10 quite certain 20 fall
upon him.
It b interesting indeed TO the con.
veyancer to note the character Of the
bounds often used by farm and land
owners In thus designating the parcels
to be sold. stumps. marked treeA
oiumps OF bushes, end similar ontecta
are most often refsrrsd 20 for this pur-
pose, but the parties overlook the fAot
that these very objects are the most
likely Of all to be lost track Of. and 20
to decay. leaving the enquirer In aftsY
years. wholly 1t . loss to know the
exact location OF the tract Intended for
transfsr.
What, for example, n more certain
to 90 to decay and disappear alto
gether with the passage Of time than
an old stump; an object already dead
and In process Of obliteration. And -
for a "birch tree" or ''hemlock tTUe,s
q bound again and again TO be found
mentioned In old deeds. how snort
lived they are. and how soon gone. -
pecially II the woodchopper chances to
get sight OF theml How easy Il ID, too.
to become confused az to the particu-
lar tree referred to. since It soon be-
comes the parent of many more about
It. The writer has known the land
surveyor, many times, to hunt for days
in the futile attempt to md such .
bound.
Always, In transferring real estate. &
should be borne In mind that the
boundaries AZ described are to stand
for all time to come, or at least q very
long period, and that with the passago
Of time land which now sells for few
dollars per acre may become very
valuable, ana III exact boundaries Of
the utmost consequences.
This has already proved TO be the
case In connection with shore lands
and lands lying In the vicinity OF cities
and growing towns, quite universally.
SOSssS
ia occupy lands In ever increasing
numbers which were once but pasture.
and not even of sufficient worth 20
cultivate. And as general rule. tno.j
it is quite universally admitted to ~
true that all lands. slowly, sometimsss
yet constantly, increase IN value.
''Whateyer Is worth doing at AL y
worth doing well. apples mere y
surely as anywhere else In drawne
the deed, no matter II the land DC OF
but moderate value designate eacn
bound carefully. and by q permanent
indestructible bound. as an iron rod oS
stone bound set in the ground. or pyls.
mid Of rock, Or drill hole, driven IN inc
rock. In after years someone VA.
surely appreciate your prudence ane
forethought in 70 doing.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

An Illustration OF what may DO 90.
compli.hed with one mule during !
short crop year II shown IN figures fur-
nishad by 4. "A. Ford, living near
I.iehton. Ala. This mule enabled MIN
- raise cotton, cotton seed. pea vine
hav sorghum and ffty bushels Of corn.
tota1 vaiue 393S.60. The hired labor
employed in producing the crop cost
him but IS.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

For average yields Il has been esti-
mated that It takes 400 tons Of water
to grow a'clover crop; for corn It takes
$50 tons; OATS. 376 tons and potatoes,
$50 tons.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01
DEPTH TO PLANT SEED.

The development Of young plants
from seeds may be observed very
nicely by planting seeds against the
sides of tall bottles. Suppose, for ex-
ample, that you put an inch of soil In
a bottle. then put seed Of the plant
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Men who keep dual cows have either
been misled by some false teacher or
else have no desire to improve their
herd. ~
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Superior excellence Of ancestry in
the qualities sought Is the only guar
antee Of the same qualities In the pro-
geny.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Don't buy seed because It - cheap
Pay q good price for 1t. and test before
planting In all cases. Vegetable seeds
ought to test 90 per cent at least.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Z Breeding stock should be carefully
selected by the poultryman and then
given the best care. plenty e fSssh
cir, sunshine and exercise.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Cleanliness and low Temperature
are the fundamental needs in keeping
milk. ~
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

The worlds record average price for
Percheron horses was broken at 70
cent sale Of fifty-four head Of horses
for q total OF $34,os3.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

For the lands sake ana the improve
fnent Of the ration grow plenty Of
clover and alfalfa.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

To investigate the conditions under
which certain South African animals
might be imported into this country to
inhabit the swamps of Louisiana and
other southern states, Major F. c.
Burnham, South African explorer and
mining engineer, will leave shortly for
South Africa. It is figured IL these
animals thrive In the swamps Of the
south in a few years they will gradu-
ally become an important factor In the
meat markets.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

Keep the hens nests clean and pro-
vide one for every four hens.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-01

When blowing the land for parsnips
and other deep-growing root plants,
pillow deep and keep the manure down
deep; otherwise you will have lot
Of surface roots instead Of the long.
straight roots desired
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-30
cRrsP FINANCIAL nRIEFs

san Francisco bank clearings yesterday were
81. .S91. .b56. 43.
~ w Halsey & Co. were officially notified
yesterday that they had been awarded the sale
Of the $500, 900 5la per cent Oakland municipal
bonds,
Broomhau's estimates Of the worlds ship
ments Of wheat this week exclusive OF North
America are 3, 200 600 bushels. Last week s
total shipments were 12,0s0,0o0 and last year
13. .4J6. 900 bushels.
The San Francisco Stock and Bond exchange
and the Mining exchange will be closed today
and Monday. All exchanges win be closed
Labor day.
School bonds, providing FOR s52, 900 for the
construction of a public school for Plttsburg,
Cal, have been carried by 167 TO 8.
The railroad commission has extended the
scope Of the pipe line investigation to include
the Bard Oil and Asphalt company.
o. F. Goodrich doing business under the
name Of the Antelope Valley Telephone COM
pany In and about Lancaster, has applied to
the railroad commission for permission to in
crease the rates for telephone service.
Electric cars win be In operation between
Stockton and Modesto by October /, according
to an announcement BY Traffic Manager l.. H.
Lands OF the new Tidewater and Southern
Railway company. The work Of electrifying
the new line Is progressing rapidly.
Dinuha's municipal water works has proven
TO be q money maker for the city during the
last year, according to the annual statement
lust published. In which are shown profits Of
$4,000 for the II months. The system was
Completed through q $50, 600 bond issue and
81 200 has been expended fof auxiliary equip
ment.
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-30
CARNIVAL SPIRIT WILL
LIVE IN GRAND PARADE
Many Societies to Take
Part in Big Pageant in
Oakland Tonight

OAKLAND. Aug. 29.-The big fea-
ture of the week OF the Italian-Ameri-
can league carnival being held in Pc
raita park will be the parade which
will be held tomorrow evening, leav-
o'clock. Plans for the turnout have
been completed and large delegations
from the italian societies Of the bay
cities will participate. Sheriff Frank
Barnet will be grand marshal The
parade committee for San Francisco
consists of DIR. t. B. w. Leland and
Samuel B. Fugazi. James Fugazi Is
chairman OF the parade committee.
Queen Anna Mirko and her two Ia
dies in waiting. Miss Alice Murray
and Miss Florence Simas, will havs
places of honor
Among the San Francisco societies
to take part will be the Carabinierf
Reali Military society. Garibaldini So
ciety and drum corps. Fishermen's
Protective union; Alpine and Aurora
groves. U. O. A. D.; Scavengers Pro-
tective union; Young Mems Institute
No 565, drum corps Society Emili-
ana, Societa Piemontese, Malta Pro-
tective union, Generate Giuseppi la
Masa.
Among the Oakland societies will be
Societa Cristoforo Colombo; Alden and
Roma groves, u. o. A. D.: Scaven gers
Protective union; italian American
league; Marconi lodge. 1. O. o. +.
A big confetti battle will be held at
the carnival grounds after the parade
A special band concert will be among
the Sunday features.
The San Francisco call., 1913-08-30
P[AYER RS TRADED
OR PURCHASED
Resume of What Major
Leagues Have Done in
in That Line

CINCINNATI. Aug. 29.-Exclusive Of
those players obtained by major
league clubs from minor league teams
through optional agreements, 2o2 play
ers have either been traded or pur-
chased by major league teams from
each other, or from miner league
teams during the last year. accord
ing to list handed down by the
National baseball commission today.
A large majority of these represent
purchases from the minor leagues,
some of these players not yet having
reported to their teams All trades or
sales from August 20, 1912, to date.
are included.
honors. I01 players coming to them
during the last year. while an even
100 either entered the ranks OF the
National league or will when the deals
or trades will have been consummated e
men obtained. Twenty-three players,
new to the Boston National team, have
been contracted for during the above
mentioned period.
Cincinnati comes next with 81.
Detroit is third with 10, while the
others are as follows Cleveland III,
New York Americans Is, Pittsburg
IA. St Louis Nationals IA, Chicago
Americans IA. st. Louis Americans r..
Chicago Nationals 10. Brooklyn TO-
New York Nationals 4, Philadelphia
Nationals 4, Philadelphia Americans q.
The commission also instructed the
to pay the Pittsburg club $1,000 within
three days for Player Arthur Hof-
man.
The commission allowed the claims
of the St. Louis American league club
against Player f. Walker for $67.25.
and against Player c. e. Wares for
s27. 80. The players are now with the
Montgomery club.