The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1913-11-15
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
In South Dakota Black Hills
Furnishes the Key to
Geology

Washington, Nov. 15.-The indus
trial development of South Dakota is
so bound up with the development of
it's natural that the work in
this state Of the United States Geo.
logical Survey is always of interest.
Field work is being carried on this
year by the survey in geology. inves-
tigation of water resources, and topo-
graphic map making.
The geologic branch OF the survey
is making a detailed study in pre-
Cambrian geology-that is. of the
most ancient of the geologic forma-
tions-in the areas known as the Dead
wood, Rapid. Harvey Peak, and Her
mosa ~quadranglss. The detailed areal
studies are prosecuted by Sidney
Paige. assisted by G. L. Harrington
and g. d. Thompson. The results
will be published, with complete geo.
logic, economic, and Topographic maps,
in geologic folios. The field work
on certain rock formations of these
areas, as we'll as of the Newell quad
~ranale, has already been completed
by n. II. Darton.
The Black Hills are of especial in
terest because they furnish a key to
the geology Of the rest of the state and
I r considerable areas in surrounding
states. They owe their existence to
a gradual upheaval which arched mp
the various layers of the earth crust.
carrying very ancient and deeply bur
led rocks up thousands Of feet. In the
ages tina have passed since the up
hesyal the dome thus formed has been
eaten into by the forces of weather
ing and erosion until the most anci-
emit rocks known-the pre- ambrian
granite and the schist-are now ex-
posed at the surface in the central
part of the hflls. Around these rocks
iu c~cncentric rings are the successfully
younger and higher formations. These
exposures afford abundant opportunity
for study of rocks and records of ages
gone by which could be reached In
other parts of the state only by sinking
= shaft far into the earth, and even
then only a few square feet of each
stratum would be accessible. whereas
in the Black Hills each stratum is laid
bare over many square miles. The
pre- Cambrian and Lower Cambfian
rocks at some time or other-either
while they were being formed, OF
during the time when they lay thous-
ands Of feet below the surface, OF
while they were being ~upheaved, be.
came locally impregnated with mil
lions of dollars worth of gold. Tung'
stem ore. mica, tourmaline. and other
minerals are abundant in the pre-
Camhrian rocks, and tin, though not
present in commercial quantities, ii
also found. The principal ore body
at the Homestake mine, one OF the
largest in the world, has been the
scene of very extensive operations.
The ore. however, is not very rich,
much of it being worth less than 20 q
ton. On account of its large am ouni
however, and the ease of separation OF
the gold, ii Is worked with much profit.
Deafness Cannot be Cured
by local applications, as they cannot
reach the diseased portion OF tie ear
There is only one way to cure deafness
and that is by constitutional remedies
Deafness is caused by an infiamed con
dition Of the mucous lining OF the Eu
lstachian tube. When this tube is in
famed you have a rumbling sound O
imperfect hearing, and when it is entire
y closed deafness is the result, and un
less the inflammation can be Ia en- out
and this tube restored to it's normal con
dition, hearing will be destroyed for
ever; nine cases oul of ten ar caused b!
Catarrh, which is nothing but an infiam