Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-03-09
WATCHING THE IMMIGRATION TIDE

lWE|
migrant In question is then taken into
show cause why deportation should not
be. ordered. Records Of the hearings are
reviewed by the bureau here, and are
submitted to the secretary for final ac-
tion.
kx
The admission of immigrants into this
country depends upon the aliens them
| selves. resting upon THEM
DiSnoSinp physical, mental and moral
-. qualifications. A stereo.
" 0AcnS. typed examination in the
great majority of cases sufilces to deter
mine whether or not they can be admit
ted. But once they are in. the question
then arises what to do with them.
Poor helpless, many times not able
to speak English, this vast army of men.
women and children from every land pre-
sents q problem which is not easy to
solve. Under the proper conditions these
men and women can be made into good
citizens and the children brought up to
directed, q future generation OF criminals
or paupers may result.
For this reason the work which is being
| done by the division of information OF
the bureau Of immigration is most impor-
| tant 1t is here that the effort Is De.ng
/ made to fit the immigrant to the proper
conditions, to guide his energies In the
| right direction. The principal method
used toward this end is the preparation
| of a series of bulletins styled "Agricui-
| tural Opportunities" Seven of these have
| been printed. each dealing with certain
section Of the United States.
The information contained in these bull
! letins covers the entire United States ana
Its possessions. Each pamphlet deals
with a certain number OF states. An ex-
| ample of the material contained in them
shows the field covered. In giving the
| agricultural opportunities of Maryland
| the opening paragraph runs thus: Mary
land has an excellent climate. The four
| seasons are well defined. but the winters
| are mild. especially In the eastern hall
Of the state. due to the low altitude and
extensive water. frontage. The rainfall is
| generally abundant for all crops, and II.
rlgation is unnecessary and unknown.
Following other: facts relative to the
climate. surface and soil. the question. OF
| Maryland's principal crops
| l0t0Im4OoO 1s taken up. Ihese III 9
| given in connection with
Gu1u1sAeo. their value. and the COM
parative number of farmers growing
| them. as we'll as the best localities for
their production. Stock raising is IKE
wise discussed Then follows discus
sion of the prices Of farms and the In
ducements to settlers. the latter includ-
| ing q detailed account Of Maryland by
| counties. The subject Is concluded with
facts regarding farm expenses, and gen.
| eral and special inducements such as: "A
| farmer in Maryland can, on farm OF
from forty to sixty acres. make as good
| q living as In many other sections Of the
country on a Northumberland farm"
Equipped with knowledge OF the Eng
iish language an arriving alien a can o e,
procedure. He can come to conclu-
! sion without having to decide between
the enthusiastic assertions OF agents
boosting rival states The cold, d1spas-
of the state bureau Of immigration, give
him the bare data and leave to him the
| decision.
in the 1912 report Of the chief of the
| division OF information. 7. v. Powderiy,
| statistics show that 26,213 applications
| for information were made by aliens
Those figures cover forty five nationa!i-
| ties, and more than fifty classes Of work
| Figures relating to the distribution OF
those aliens applying for information
show that 5,8O7 found employment of
some kind in the various states.
Still another side of this question ex-
lists. This concerns the American citf-
| zen now residing in the Canadian north
| west, for instance. who wishes to return
| to the United States, and who is seeking
| Information concerning opportunities
! here. An example Of a case of this kind
1 - he 1oo 81 Hnrf fn-
| Rether with an extract from a letter
| This shows that many natives OF the
| United States leave the country in igno-
rance Of its opportunities.
II want from SO to $50 acres of wild
land" wrote one man. mot farther than
ave miles from town or city with at
| least one railroad. am tired OF long,
cold winters, where 1t takes nearly all
through the winter. like mixed farm
| ing and good stock. Ike Florida from
what hear OF It. If your inducements
are worth while can fetch quite bunch
| with me-"
= y
One Of the most difficult problems with
which the bureau Of immigration has to
deal Is that of "in-
| Induced" duced'' immigration.
immigration. besn 0 discussed for
i
some time by bureau officials. but special
attention was given 1t last year. AS a
result several large parties coming from
the same general locality in Europe We're
rejected on the ground that the induce
| ment Of their immigration had been in
violation of law. At the port of Calves
ton alone twelve such parties. numbering
243 aliens, were refused admission and
deported. With one Of these parties
went a special employe of the bureau
He was acquainted with the language,
and by mingling with the aliens in the
! steerage investigated the question of
their having been induced to come to
| America. and found that to have been
| the case. One Of the special points
! which were to be determined was what
became OF the aliens after their return
to the seaport Of embarkation in Europe.
| In investigating this. 1t was found that
the steamship company did not return
| them to their homes In Europe. but ar
ranged for their migration to other
| countries.
An extract from the report Of this in
veStigatOr gives some interesting side
| lights on the question:
| One after the other they admitted to
ma hat I~-I