davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23
the subject meagrely in the following

the subject meagrely in the following
way:
"a The Eucharist was originally
instituted in the evening after sun
set, as sort of sequel to the paschal
supper, in which meat and vegetables
had been eaten and wine drunk.
(2) In the New Testament and
Apostolic times there are indications
that the Eucharist was celebrated as
a supper in the evening, and therefore
not fasting. Perhaps, it was also cele-
brated at any time of the day accord
ing to convenience.
CD In the early post-Apostolic
times the evening practice seems to
have been continued. To it was at
tached an agape or brotherly love
feast. Some think the agape was a
universal practice, some that it was
only local. 1t is not always clear
whether the agape was before or after
the Eucharist; but it was almost GER
tainly in the evening.
ca The growth of the congrega-
tions soon made common meal for
all an impossibility; and so it gradual
ly dropped out-partly for this reason,
and partly because abuses were occa-
sionally connected with it. 1t seems
to have degenerated into revel-
more or less as the great popular
feasts at certain shrines in India,
sometimes degenerate into revel; a
bout of pious worship first, and drink
ing-bout to follow.
go Pliny, writing of Bithynia in
A d. Ill, speaks of two meetings on
Sundays; an early one in which the
people sing hymn to Christ, as God,
and later one (perhaps in the even
ing) when they eat food-the agape
or Eucharist; which or both? Tertul-
liam, speaking of Proconsular Africa
about the year 200, says that besides
Sundays and feasts, of which he spe-
cities no time note, Mass is said every
day very early in the morning. He
also mentions that the Eucharist car
ried to the houses for private con-
sumption was taken fasting. st. Cy-
prian, speaking of the same place in
about A. B. $50, says that the Eu-
charist was celebrated early in the
morning, every day.
CO. This gives some indication of
an early adoption of the morning
Mass, but does not show whether it
was a local usage, or how far it was
spread. The time when the morning
celebration became a universal and
obligatory custom cannot, I think, be
ascertained; nor can I find out from
available sources what time the natu-
raj fast attached to morning cele-
bration became stereotyped into an
obligatory custom.
CD The earliest document on the
subject in Denzinger is dated 1415.
It is decree of the Council of Con-
stance against the Utraquists, who
held not only that both species should
be given, but that any one could com
municate when he liked, even after
taking food: i. e., not fasting against
the laudable custom of the Church
reasonably approved" This shows
that by this medieval date fasting was
regarded as obligatory, and had been
so for long time past. But it would
require a specialist to say in what
century between the second and the
thirteenth the custom had grown into
law.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23
FIFTEENTH SUNDAY
AFTER PENTEcosT.

EPISTLE: Brethren, and If
a man be overtaken In any
fault, you, who are spiritual, in
struct such a one in the spirit
of meekness, considering thy
self, lest thou also be tempted.
Bear ye one another's burdens,
and so you shall fulfil the law
of Christ.
GOSPEL: And he said,
Young man, ! say to thee Arise:
and he that was dead sat up,
and began to speak. And he
delivered him to his mother.
And there came fear on them
all; and they gIorified God, say
ing, A great prophet is risen up
among US, and God hath visited
his people.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23
THE RESULT OF PRIVATE
JUDGMENT.
"Heresy" in the Presbyterian Church

The General Assembly of the Pres
byterian Church which held it's meet
ing in Atlanta, Ca, last month was
greatly agitated by the long strides
that heresy is making in it's ranks.
The source of the trouble is in the
Union Theological Seminary, New
York City, where the candidates Tor
the ministry receive their training. 1t
is a well-known fact that orthodoxy
is no longer considered an essential
requisite at this institution for can
didates for the Presbyterian ministry.
Young men who have graduated
from it's classes and who have frankly
declared that they did not believe in
the divinity of Jesus Christ, His resur-
rection, or His virgin birth, have been
ordained, and sent forth to propagate
doctrines which are destructive, not
only of Presbyterian, but Of Christian
ity itself And there is no authority
that can bid the Seminary to cease
it's heterdox teachings. An appeal
to the General Assembly was taken
by those who hoped that something
might be done to stay the agnostic
trend of the Seminary, but the action
has not brought the anticipated result.
The Seminary babe defiance to the
Assembly and secuted it's claim to
authority After bitter controversy,
which lasted for two days, said the
dispatches, the General Assembly
adopted a resolution to appoint COM
mittee of seven to investigate the
charges of heresy against the Semi
nary and report at next years meet
ing. And it further added that this
action was taken in the interests OF
harmony after an acrimonious debate
in which the temper of the Assembly
was evidently against Union Semi
nary and it's teachings" The Presi-
dent of the Seminary then delivered
a parthian shot at his orthodox OPP
ponents, declaring that the Seminary
would carry out its program without
dictation from the Assembly, and that
if the latter did not approve of this
course, it would be useless to con-
tinue negotiations for the re-establish-
ment of relations between the Assem-
bly, and the Seminary
1t was a pitiful confession of i'm
potency on the part of the General
Assembly, which is the High Court
of the Presbyterian Church, to take
year to consider whether or not a
candidate for it's ministry might or
might not believe in the divinity of
Christ And while the Assembly is
considering the question, the Semi
nary will keep on imbuing the minds
of it's students with agnosticism. The
situation brings out in bold relief the
fundamental cornerstone of Protestant
tism-the doctrine of private judg-
ment.
Catholic Northwest Progress.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23
THE POWER OF HOLY coMMUN
ION.

A missionary working among the
heather in Africa, knowing how hard
it is to convert the heather, took a
special interest in the baptized chill
dren, encouraging them to frequent
Communion and Confession. AS re-
suit he found every morning a con-
siderable number of young people
waiting before the door of the church
to go to Confession. The young
negroes explored the neighboring vii.
lagos in seeking out heather children
and preparing them for baptism. One
day baptized negro remarked to the
missionary:
Father, do you know what the
heather say about you? They say
that you give the Christian boys and
girls a medicine against sim
why do they think 500" asked the
priest.
Because the Christian children,
was the negro's reply, "use no indie
cent language, and sing pious melo
dies instead of improper songs"
my child, the heathens are right
and l think that you know what the
medicine is. Tell me, what are the
means of overcoming temptations"
Avoidance of occasions" was the
boys answer, devotion to the Blessed
Virgin and especially Confession ant
Holy Communion.
Precisely! Holy Communion! Yol
know, my child, that these boys an,
girls receive Communion frequently
and that is the medicine which l Civ
them"
6 II Almanac
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23
A SWEET MEMORY.

Though many things l soon forget,
There's one thing holds it's place.
learned it as little child:
Hail Mary, full of grace!"
In dreams that golden time comes
back;
1 see my mothers face,
And hear her teach those words tt
me:
Hail Mary, full of grace!"
IS. L. EmeTD.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23

Charity begins at home and often
ruins its health by staying there too
much.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1913-08-23

and vigor to his hope of ultimately
seeing ''the good things of the Lord
in the land of the living"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
TENNIS AT COLUMBIA CLUB.
Lively Season Promised on the Courts
of the Popular ORGANIZATION.

The tennis committee Of the Columbia
Country Club is anticipating a lively and
successful season. The twelve superb
courts of the club are now in excellent
condition and many Of the more enthu-
siastic players have been enjoying the
racquet game for about a month. A pro-
posed improvement is permanent shelters
on the turf plots to replace the tents
used last year. This duty has been al
lotted to George A. Mills 1t has also
been found necessary to designate sew
eral courts for juveniles in order that
the younger element may not encroach
upon the privileges of the members
E. w. Deakin and W. H. Ronsaville
have been appointed a committee for the
classification and grading OF all the club
racqueters and there is likely to be
much, friendly competition among the
players in their efforts to enjoy supe-
rior ratings and classifications.
Connie Doyle has been reappointed cap
tain of the tennis team, and team match
es will be arranged between local and
possibly non-local tennis organizations.
The middle Atlantic tournament, under
mis- Association. has been awarded to
the Columbia Club. and play In this event
will start on the Columbia courts Mon.
day, May %. If the weather is favorable
tue iidiS INDY NC pidyeu NlciHoIldl Jay.
This tournament will inci'lde men sim
giles and doubles ladies' singles aud dou-
bles and mixed doubles.
A club tournament opel to members
only will be played the latter part Of
June. and the second open tournament
of the Columbia Club viii De played in
the fall.
The tennis committee for the present
season is as follows: A. Y. Leech, jr.,
chairman; w. III. Ronsaville. George A..
Mills Herbert T. Sham IN ard 4. w.
Deakin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
WAvERLY CLUB OUT
To Have One of the Fastest Teams
That Ever Represented District.

At a meeting of the Waverly Club. Inc,
held last Monday evening. it was decided
that the club should enter the base ball
field this season with the best seasoned
material available in Washington, with a
view toward entertaining the lovers of
base ball Sunday.
Washington fans have never had the
opportunity of seeing some Of the fast
minor league teams perform in this city
against any Washington teams, and, ow-
ing to the fact that some of the best
ball players in the city have signed con-
tracts to play on the Waverly team, it is
positive that many Of the minor leaguers
will be seen here this season.
Among the we'll known Washington ball
tossers who have signified their inten-
tons of connecting themselves with the
Waverly Club are ICY" Mcdonald and
"Curley" Brown.
Officers of the club have communicated
with several of the Eastern League mag
mates regarding a Sunday game, and al
though definite arrangements could not
be decided upon at the present time re-
gardinz the dates. favorable replies were
received.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
WILL HOLD TOURNEY
Star to Give Cup to Chess
Players.
MAY FORM A LEAGUE
Correspondence Players to Be Given
Full Share of Recog-
milton. :
Chess Editor Star:

Chess Editor Star:
Dear Sir: 1 have read with much in.
terest your fine tribute 10 correspondence
chess in last Sundays Star and am ex-
ceedingly gratified at the high consider
alton II has received: especially as it
comes from one who does not indulge In
this form OF chess himself. Correspond
ence chess has earned all the nice things
you have said about 1t. and many moro
understand that there are many
players actively engaged In correspon-
dence chess in the District. think ie
would be a good idea for this class OF
players to inaugurate :. tournament
among themselves. at some convenient
time. in order to determine the cham
pion OF correspondence chess in the Dis
trict. Such a tourney would not be so
long drawn out and would probably be
all over by three months at least. Tho
editor of The Stars chess column would
be very appropriate person to conduct
It. Very truly.
"A. II. LEATHERMAN."
Feeling that an event, such as is pro-
posed In the above letter would be OF
the highest benefit and interest to chess
players In this city. The Star viii glad. :
undertake to promote a correspondence
tournament among local players. and will
present silver cup, suitably engraved.
to the winner of this contest. Any resi-
dent of the District is eligible to compete
in this tournament. and all who expect to
enter are invited to attend a meeting. to
be held In the rooms OF the Washington
Chess and Whist Club. o0S 14th street
northwest. Tuesday, April Is. at AS
p. M. when a code OF rules governing the
play will be adopted.
incidentally it. is to be hoped that at
this meeting the correspondence players
will form a permanent organization and
work together for the general good OF
the game. Matches could be played with
the other local clubs. and 1t Is even pos
sible that league could be formed con-
sisting OF the Washington Chess and
Whist Club, the Capital City Club. the
Georgetown Club and the Correspondence
Club to play a regular schedule u
matches next winter.
Following is another selection Of corre-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
Capital City Chess and Checker Club
Notes.

While emerging victorious by score
of to Z. the Capital City Chess and
Checker Club met with an unexpectedly
strong opposition in its recent match
with Baltimore. On the heels of the lat
ter's victory some time ago over a local
team a challenge was issued by the
capital City Club to the Baltimore play
ers A team consisting OF fifteen OF ITS
strongest payers made the trip to Baltl-
more, and, while confined exclusively to
club members, included practically all
the players Well known to Ioeai followers
OF the game during the last five or ten
years, only two strong members. Lowell
and Roberts. being present. 1t has been
confidently expected that the Capital city
club team would outclass the Orioie city
players on the last ten boards. but the
result OF the contest was in doubt up
to the rather exciting finish, wherein the
issue of the match depended on the last
game, between the nrst-board players.
Prof. Melamet against Zapoleon. the
Washington player eAtricatlng himself
from a losing position and scoring the
half-point needed to decide the match.
Scores of some of the games will follow
IN subsequent issues. The lineup and
results are gwen below, Washington hav-
ing the white pieces on the even-num-
bered boards:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
DECISIONS WITHHELD UNTIL
PLAYERS WAKE AN APPEAL
Umpires Must Decide Instantly on Balk,
~as It Frequently Saves Trouble.

of his letter. it is cinch that Mr.. Betch-
er has lot of consideration for the active
participants in the game. Parts of his
letter are quite interesting, and I shall
renrint some of them.
II read with interest your article on the
play that happened in the Texas League,
where everybody forgot how many were
out" he writes TT certainly was a
peculiar stunt any way you look at 1t.
While have never seen one just exactly
like it. still, l have attended many games
IN which players, umpireS and spectators
were much mixed as to how many men
were really out
II have sat in the stand at many a
game and heard the crowd yell with deri-
sion, simply because a player threw his
after the second man had been retired.
thinking it was the third. I have had
neighbors of mine in the grandstand and
bleachers roast the player to a dark
brown for the offense. yet perhaps an
inning later the same person who had
done all the criticising would turn to me
and ask If one or two were out. He re-
CARDS it as a serious offense for the play
er to forget, yet thinks 1t nothing out OF
the ordinary for him to make inquiries.
Betcher: the fans should be more lem
lent with the player when he forgets. I
know lot of people will say that the
player is paid for playing ball, and that
one OF the things he always should know
is how many are out. I grant all that,
but there are times when the old brain
simply refuses to work properly. II
such was not the case it would never
be necessary for the fans to hold post
mortems as to number of balls or strikes
on the batter, or the number of men out.
If the fan who has nothing to do but
watch the game and keep track Of the
events can forget the number of outs,
then it is not unreasonable that the
player. in the thick Of the battle. with
any number of things to command his
attention should do the same
There is. a whole lot of truth in what
Mr.. Betcher says. but just SO long as
we umpires and players go to sleep on
the number of outs, or balls or strikes. 1t
Is a cinch that a lot Of roasting Will
come our way. The fan, yes. every fan
in the grounds, can forget the number
Of men out half dozen times during
the game and not be censured. The diff
ference is that the player and unpires
are paid to play the game, while the fan
pays to see the game played. The active
participants are supposed to know. and
ought to know. With the fan it makes
little difference whether he knows or
not. Failure to know by the player
often costs the game. and II forgot" are
positively two words not permitted In a
players vocabulary Of alibis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
lnquisitive Fans.

Sporting Editor Star:
Please publish the answers to the fol-
lowing questions in Sundays Star:
j. Did Walter Johnson break the
fungo hitting record while at Chariot
tesvilie? What is the record?
2 When a batter is hit by pitched
ball does it count a time at bat?
g. Who is the tallest player in the
American League?
A. How would this play be scored and
how many assists and putouts are re-
corded: Batter hits ball to right fielder.
After ball is caught man on second
throws to third baseman, and the rum
ner. seeing that he cannot reach third
tries to return to second and Is trapped
by throw to the shortstop. Base
runner runs back and forth, and
shortstop throws ball to third base
man. who returns ball to second base
man, who makes the putout. During
this time the man on first tries to
make second and Is caught by throw
from second baseman to the pitcher
and then to ShOrtStOp.
5. Has the side ever been retired on
three pitched balls?
6. Is it possible to retire side on less
than three pitched balls? l.. K. U.
i. Johnson's feat was not officially
recorded. consequently is not a rec
ord. Ed Walsh of Chicago holds the
record. with 40 feet and " inch.
3. Weilman of St Louis is believed
to be. He is six feet five and a half
inches.
4 Every player handling the ball is
credited with an assist. and the play
ers making the putouts with a put
out AS the play is continuous it
would be scored triple play. in which
every player who figured in the play
should be mentioned.
s. This frequently happens.
G. No
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13

him into ribbons. 1t must be there is
| something in the story that the Bonn
| barber is victim of stage fright. to
put it mildly. There is no other way
| in the Smith match.
The "Gunboats" greatest asset is his
deadly right. Apparently he is game
enough. although never put to severe
test in his local battles. 1t is quite
likely that McCarty with his superior
height and reach would bother Smith
great deal. 1t looks that way surely
enough, but with these amateurish
To a clever man Smiths swings look
easy enough to avoid. and yet there is
the case of the Bombardier. who un-
questionably has 1t on the others in
the matter of science.
II the match takes place and the re-
suit is decisive one way. or the other
the winner could take or Jess Willard
for the white" heavyweight cham
pionship- If McCarsy should win both
these encounters there would be some
Justice to his claim of white" cham
pion, but he will have to dispose of
the pair before the claim Is allowed.
At that. the title is an empty honor
Jack Johnson is still champion-very
still at present, but nevertheless the
champion Of the world.
Another boxer who is getting in bad
with the critics is Willie Richie.
lightw eight champion. His is also
case of too much manager When
Billy Nolan, who is now directing
Ritchie's affairs. was handling Nelson
he made the Hegewisch fighter one of
the most unpopular scrappers in the
history Of the sport. When Bat cut
loose from Nolan he regained public
favor.
Nevertheless, Nolan contributed great
deal toward Nelson's success At Cold
field he made Joe Cans reduce until It
was impossible for the negro to do JUS
tice to himself. Some critics have even
gone so far as to assert that the severe
training Joe had to go through at the
time undermined his not too rugged
health and paved the way for the deadly
tuberculosis germ. Certainly. Cans was
of little account after that meeting.
was a shadow of the Cans Of former
days.
1t will take more than ten rounds to
prove whether Joe Rivers or Leach Cross
is the better fighter. I use the term
fighter advisedly. as neither boy has any
thing to brag about in the matter of
science.
At best the bout the other night was
what might be called a lively session.
It did not satisfy the fans who like the
clever stuff, for the reason that the fancy
stunts were missing. and 1t did not please
the element which favors the rough-and-
tumble. bloody-murder style of battle, be-
cause there was not a single knockdown
and neither man was bunged up to any
extent.
Ny suggestion to the principals IS to
remove this quarrel to some locality
where they permit the twenty-round at
fairs. San Francisco and Los Angeles
promoters would bid literally for the
match. and 1t would prove one Of the
best drawing cards that could be framed
from the lightweight division.
I am inclined to the opinion that a
longer battle would result in Rivers
favor. Cross is a ten-round bear, but
his only important start over a distance
resulted in sorry failure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
Is GREAT HORSE
Hawthorne, the Favorite in Ken.
lucky Derby, Is a Wonder

LOUISVILLE, April 12.-Hawthorne,
favorite in the thirty-nnth kentucky
Derby, to be decided at Churchill Downs
May 10. is the most phenomenal horse
that has been seen In years He is the best
horse since Ben Elder. Prince Lief and
Ben Brush were in their prime as three
years-olds. and annexed this classic.
Hawthorne is the type of horse that car
ries flesh without noticing it, He Is
tremendously big, being one of the largest
thoroughbreds seen in years. and weighs
close to LOO pounds. He Is unlike any
other Derby eligible. This great son Of
Hastings would simply lose q horse like
Worth, which won the Derby last season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
OARSMEN TO BE ACTIVE.
Club and College Men Getting Ready
for Regattas.

NEW YORK.. April 12-CIub and col.
lese oarsmenl will be unusually active
this season. and the list of regattas sched-
uled indicates the most successful sea-
son In the history Of the sport. The first
rowing event is scheduled for April 10
and from this time UP to October IL
oarsmen will, be kept. busy In all sec
ton Of the country. Western rowing
clubs and colleges are preparing for a
series of rowing races, and tho revived
interest in the sport. SO apparent two
years ago, il growing rapidly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-04-13
FRISCO WANTS RACES.
Big Automobile Events Are Likely
to Be Held There.

SAN FRANCISCO. Cal, April 12.-It is
quite probable that the two classic auto
mobile events of this country. the Van
derbilt Cup race and the Grand Prix, will
be held in this city in 1915 during the
Panama-Pacifc exposition L. A. Mo-
ross, former manager Of the Indianapolis
speedway. has submitted a proposition
for holding the races here to the officers
of the exposition. and the matter will
soon be voted on. 1t is confidently ex-
pected here by automobile men that the
exposition officers will accept the prop
osition, as the races would be big
feature of the exposition.