davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
MAKING GOOD ROADS BY
BURNING UP POOR ONES
"Gumbo" Roads After Being Fired
Make Excellent Thoreughfarss.

Blazing q trail Of good roads through
the south Is not figure Of speech. but
an actually. for many miles Of good
roads are being made by setting flre to
poor ones. the result being what Is
known as baked clay road.
There are no poorer roads in all the
United States than the "gumbo' roads
OF the south. gumbo being the name
given certain kind of mud or clay
that is particularly sticky. clings tena-
ciously. seems to have no bottom and
Will not support any weight. Gumbo.
however, contains a large percentage
Of organic matter which will burn
when dry. and as result road of
this material properly prepared and SGT
on fire energies from the fiery ordeal
rs perfectly good road and one. more
over. that stays so for considerable
period Of time.
The process Of converting gumbo
road into baked clay begins by blowing
up the roadway and making bitches on
the sides. Cordwood is laid In a sort
OF flooring across the burrows which
~" NiosN" " 'HS VI TIE Iouu NIeul juIIlpS
Of sticky gumbo are spread over this
floor. along with more wood loosely
strewn about. Then a second floor Of
wood Is laid and the whole covered
with gumbO. tamped and rounded of.
Fire IL now set to the road. and the
flames rushing through the burrows.
which serve as fues. ignite the wood.
After the heat has driven the water
out Of the gumbo this. too. ignites. and
the actual cooking process ia in full
swing.
ut is more than merely drying out
the gumbo." says c. II. Claudy In Mo-
tor. 1T Is a popularity Of this gumbo
that mt low temperature 1t clinkers. and
these clinkers when broken up are
quite different from the original Jumps
Of gumbo. The clinker Is not only
fairly hard. but II properly burned
will not make mud when mixed with
water. In this Is the triumph Of the
burned clay road When the Ore has
burned itself out the roadmaker has
not only thorough mixture of dry
clay and wood ashes. but a good depth
Of gumbo clinker. which he promptly
proceeds to break into small pieces to
spread evenly and finally to roll and
compact into real road
To all intents and purposes the road
so made is n tine dry stretch Of crum
bled brick
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
THE PATROL SYSTEM.
Great Success Of Government Test
Near Fort Myer.

Great Success OF Government Test
Near For, Myer.
The office Of public roads Of the de-
partment of agriculture has been max
Ing experiments on an eight mile
stretch Of road In Virginia to demon
strnte the results that may he obtained
IN country earth roads by continuous
work under patrol system. A patrol
man was employed to furnish horse.
cart and small tools. and be was sup
piled with a road drag built Of plank
and required to furnish two horses to
drag the road whenever II was In suit
able condition for dragging. usually
following each rain
The entire eight miles Of road are we'll
Travelled. and there Is considerable
heavy teaminR over parts of It. The
Omitted States cavalry stationed at Fort
Myer frequently passes over a portion
and batteries Of artillery also nae the
road at intervals A traffic census for
three days last March showed the fol
lowing daily average Of teams travel
ing over the road: Loaded one horse
wagons. fifteen: unlOaded one horse
wagons. flfty-eight: loaded two horse
wagons. thirty-eight: nnloaded two
horse wagons. forty nine: loaded four
horse wagons. nine: unloaded four
horse wagons. four: saddle horses.
ninety-six and motor runabOuts. one
The patrolman was paid 500 month
and 81 day extra whenever he used
two horses to drag the road. His pres
ence was required on the road from 8
a. m. until 4:3n y. M. with one-half
hour allowed for lunch
The average cost Of dragging last
year was S161l per mile for ak and
half months. which is mt the rate Of
800 "a mile for the FIRST year Of
twenty-four dra ggings. or approximate
~ S1.25 per mile for each dragging Of
three round trips
The use Of the road drag has greatly
improved the daily condition Of the
rOad and rendered II smooth and COM
Portable for travel for greatly in
creased number Of days in bad weather
The department expects to continue
the experiment this year. for It Is al.
ready apparent that the entire eight
miles of road will show remarkable
improvement under the systematic
work Of the partolman
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
CONCRETE ROADS
MOST PRACTICAL
Can Be Built Economically and
Kept IN Good Condition.
STUDY THE AGGREGATE"

Local Deposits Of Sand, Gravel and
Rock Form Important Part Of High
way-6e Careful In Purchasing &C.
ment-Mach,ne Mixing Best.
In way II liz fortunate that the
United States has been rather slow In
the matter Of roadmaking The roads
can now In built of lasting materials.
such aS will Withstand the wear of mo-
tor traffic which Is fast running Eu-
ropes century old roadways Lasting
road materials are everywhere present
III the form of sand and gravel FROM
pits and stream beds aud crushed rock
from stone quarries. Combined with
cement into concrete. they form an in
expensive and permanent road surface,
which successfully resists the usually
destructive action Of automobiles
The first consideration in the build.
ing Of concrete roads IL a careful study
Of IOcal deposits Of sand. gravel and
rock known ~ the ''aggregate"- to
see whether they are suita BILE for con.
crete sand must be clean and hard
and must grade uniformly In size Of
grain from one. fourth inch down. The
same applies to gravel and crushed
rock except that the largest particles
commonly allowable are one and one
fourth inches In diameter n local ma
terinls are disable a considerable saw
ing will be effected. al only cement will
need be freighted
1t IL much faster and cheaper to mix
the concrete with q machine than by
hand. Depending on the grading Of
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
WIDE VERSUS MARROW TIRES.

In the road improvement discussion
the question Of the advantages of wide
tires as compared with narrow tires is
always brought mp Kings Physics
OF Agriculture" reports these differ
ences In draft:
On macadam streets. wide tire % per
cent less than narrow tire.
On gravel road. wide tire 24.l per
cent less than narrow tire.
On dirt roads. dry. smooth. free from
dust. wide tire 2s.s per cent less than
narrow tire.
On clay road. with mud deep and
drying ON top and spongy beneath
wide tire 52 to 81 per cent less than
narrow tire
On meadow. pasture stubbIe, corn
ground and rIOwed ground from dry n
wet. wide tire II to 50 per cent lesa
than narrow tire
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14

each state. and this average shall be
the per cent of the 81. OOO.OOOOtN Unit.
Ell States highway fund that shall be
apportiOned and credited to each
state"
The bill also provides. of course. for
the establishment of the necessary ma
chinery to carry out the plana head
office In the District Of Columbia; a
highway division In each of the states.
In charge of a United States highway
engineer; national school Of highway
and bridge engineering In Washing
ton. for the purpose of training spe.
cialists for the work of road building:
United States highway commission.
composed of the chairmen of the sen.
ate and house committees on postof-
fees and post roads. and the director
of the office of public roads.
There are some obstacles in the way
of the adoption of the Bourne plan 1t
Is in no sense compulsory The states
can do us they please about It, They
need not go into 1t If they do not wish
If they do not go into it they would
get none of its benefits, but at the
same time they would not assume any
of its burdens j. e. Pennypacker. the
statiStician of the Bourne committee.
shows that In twenty-seven of the
states their constitutions would permit
the borrowing of money for public
works and that in twenty one states
constitutional amendments would be
required 10 enable them to issue bonds
for public works.
The advantages claimed for the plan
as formulated are here noted.
Incentive to the states for activity
and expedition in road construction by
utilization of the superior credit Of the
government
The establishment of practical and
desirable cooperation between the fed.
eral government and the states.
Team work between the federalists
on good roads and the state specialists
without subservience in the state In
strumentality to any federal bureau.
The establishment Of practical
concrete plan for a long period with
definite knowledge as to the liability
Of the federal government
In Mr.. Bourne's opinion the measure
would give the country what II i'm.
peratively needs-a great system of
good wagon roads. which would vast.
~ increase the happiness. prosperity
and comfort Of our people and double
tine value OF our agricultural lands"
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
Result of Bad Roads.

There is another matter that makes
bad roads a factor Of loss That Is In
the sale Of the farm. A farm ten
miles out on road impassa BILE for Eve
months In the year has fve-twelfths
OF its usefulness impaired and Is Ger.
tainly worth 80 l-3 per cent intrinsi-
cally less than It should be were the
roads not 90 bad. Rad roads are q de-
terrent to settlement. thus driving an
additional value away from farm land
due to Increasing population They
act as q repellent force to drive the
boys and girls and desirable citizens
from farm life.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
MAINTENANCE IMPORTANT.
Provision Should Be Made to Keep
Roads In Repair.

Roads In Repair.
Hon. Logan Waller Page. director of
the United States office of public roads.
believes that there is nothing more i'm
portant than maintaining roads after
they are built Commenting on this
phase of road work. he said recently:
Too much stress cannot be laid on
the Importance of maintenance in con-
necton with the work Of improving
the roads The people in nearly all the
states are filled with enthusiasm for
road Improvement and are spending
enormous sums of money In the con-
struction of superb roads. and yet al
most without exception they are max
ing little provision to care for the roads
after they are built. This Is true not
only in the various counties. but under
many Of our state highway depart.
ments.
To maintain the roads in good con.
dition year after year requires a con-
siderable annual outlay. but this out
lay Is infinitely less than the loss which
must fall upon the people eventually If
they allow their roads to go to utter
ruin. The thing for all advocates of
good roads to do is to urge continuous
systematic maintenance and the setting
aside every year Of an amount per
mile estimated by the engineer in
charge to be sufficient for the proper
maintenance of the road-a course
which must make for economy and efl-
cheney.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
THE ROAD.

I sing you an ode
OF the country road.
The lumpy road
And the bumpy road
That jolts the wagon and spills the
} load
Mud to the hubs when the rain 4
comes down
, Flooded wherever the creeks run
high.
Filled with ruis when the fields are
brown
And the sun is hot and the air is
dry.
It's clogged with gravel and packed Z
with sand
So built and graded and laid and (
planned
, That 1t takes team
And sometimes two
To do the work one horse should do
II racks the wagons with jolts and
Jars:
II ruins horses and motorcars,
Keeps back crops from the market \
place. I
Piles up debts on the farmers place. 4
The old time road is plain dis
grace y
But the modern road is a different Z
thing. 4
A worthy theme for the bard to 4
sing.
Put together
For every weather, 3
Smooth and dustless and good to Z
see. {
And graded right. az a road should
be:
Useful always and muddy never.
thing Of beauty q 10y forever
-Berton Braley.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
AS
GOOD ROADS FUND
Bourne Proposes to Spend It
In Next Fifty Years.
A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN.
Ex- Senator Advocates Expenditure Of
Vast Sum by Government and States
For Construction and Maintenance Of
Observation-Disclosures Of Plan.

Former United States Senator Jona-
than Bourne. Jr.. chairman of the joint
committee on federal aid in the con-
struction Of post roads. In a special re-
port to the committee proposes to
spend $1,000. OOO.OOO for good roads in
the United States. $1,OOO.OOO.OOO for
construction and $2.O0O.OOO.OOO for
maintenance. both extending over a
period Of ffty years. Besides this
great scheme. all the hundred and odd
other good roads measures which have
been proposed from time to time In
congress pale into insignihcance.
The Bourne plan contemplates the
creation OF a construction fund Of ST..
0OO.0O0.OOO. appropriated among the
states upon the basis Of area. popula-
ton. assessed valuation and road mile
age: that the states shall deposit In the
United States treasury fifty year 4 per
cent bonds for the amount due them as
worked out ON this basis. upon which
the federal government shall lend the
par value for road construction. In its
turn the federal government would is.
ouG uAly JcuI AOulAAdDjc . per cent
bonds. to be sold in so denominations
or multiples Of that sum to all buyers.
The bill suggested by Mr.. Bourne to
carry out the plan lie has evolved con-
tains nine sections. the most interest
Ing Of which relates to the apportion-
ment and crediting to the several states
Of 1.-The United States highway fund.-"
as 1t Is called. thus: 1.-The United
States highway commission. hereinaft-
er created. shall ascertain In the most
practicable manner. from the best in
formation available. the total land
area. the population according to the
last federal census. the total assessed
valuation Of all taxable property and
the total mileage Of public highways
in each Of the several states. and shall
compute the percentage Of the total Of
these four items possessed by each
state They shall then compute the
average Of the four percentages for
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
GOOD ROAD MAxIMs.

Maintsna nee, maintenance and
maintenance. Your road will 90
to pieces without Il.
II the estimate 10 too low, then
don't bid on the job. Keep away
and save your money.
The improvement Of q road
eniarges the opportunity OF
those engaged in any kind OF
business contiguous to It.
Better roads should be the sIo-
gan in every community.
Get busy with your legislature
for better road laws.
Every state should have we'll
organized road association.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1913-08-14
Constructing Paved Driveway.

The city OF Fort Worth. Tex. has IN
der construction the longest paved
driveway in Texas. the distance being
approximately four miles. When com.
pleted 1t will have cost about $780,
900
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30
The Reduced Cost Of
Hay.

Mr.. M. E. Burke, on the order
of a New York hay and grail
buyer, had contracted sixteen
carloads of hay for November
shipment, paying the current
market price, When the buyirg
had been contracted, the New
York buyer gave notice to Mr..
Burke that Canadian hly was a
valuable in great plenty at two
dollars less per ton, and he would
like his Ohio purchases cancelled
wherever it was possible to do so
without loss to the purchasing
agent, Thereby the hay crop
takes a tumble of two dollars per
ton.
When the new tariff bill was
enacted the tariff on hay was re-
duced from four dollars to two
dollars per ton. It took the Ca
madam farmer just about five
days to discover that Ontario and
Quebec hay is closer to New
York than Ohio, and with the
tariff cut in half the eastern Ca
madam hay producer had a new
market in the states. 1t is the
first triumph of the Underwood
bill which has come TO our no.
tice. The cost of living fo4' hor-
ses and mules has been materi-
ally reduced. The farmer who
was mad about Canadian reci,
procity and voted fer an open
market with everybody, instead
of reciprocal market that gave
us something in exchange for
American trade privileges, can
think it out at his leisure.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30

Children CRY
FOR FLETCHER'S
CA 8 = q RIA
How to Treat Your
Town.
Praise it.
Improve t.
Talk about it.
Trade at home.
Be public spirited.
Take a home pride in it.
Tell of it's business men.
Remember it is your home.
Tell of it's natural advantages.
Trade and induce others to
trade here.
When strangers come to town
use them well,
Don't call your best citizens
frauds and imposters.
Support your local Institutions
that benefit your town.
Look ahead Of self when all the
town is to be considered.
Help the pubic officers do the
most good for the most people.
Don't advertise in the local pa
per to help the editor" bat ad-
1ertise TO help yourself. "-Ohio
Journal of Commerce.
Children Crv
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30
How to Make Meat
Cheaper.

There is a good deal of prac-
tical common sense in the state
ment of Charles ". Armour, pre-
sident Of Armour & Co.. as quo
ted in Kansas City dispatch of
October Is to the New York Her
aid, that the remedy for higher
prices lies with the public in dis
continuing the eating of veal for
several years until the supply of
cattle in this country is brought
back to it's normal condition.
South America is now supply
ing Europe with beef" he said.
IF a heavy drain from this coun-
try should fall on our southern
neighbors the supply would be
depleted there the same as it is
in this country. In that case, of
course, the prices could not drop.
High prices are due TO the short
age of beef. The public feels
the burden of high prices be.
cause the housewives don't know
how to buy. A sirloin steak or a
RIB roast is about all most women
ever think of ordering. There
are cheaper cuts that are good
and would save money for the
household, but few women know
them" 1t was not a tariff of 6
cent and a half a pound thai
caused the high price of beef,
but it was the extravaganza Of
prosperous American beef eaters
that did il. Mr.. Armour's ad
vice is good. Stop eating veal
which is at best an unwholesome
food; follow this up by using the
cOarser and cheaper cuts; ther
eat less meat. Then the price O.
beef will come down all right
Probably it will come down any
how when Free-Trade times shall
have reduced the ability of Am
erican wage earners to indulge
in meat at any price. American
Economist.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30
Against the Will of the
People.

The last downward revision
was made while Grover Cleve-
land was President, and what
happened during that period is
still fresh in the minds of the
people. America did not vote
for such a tariff at the last cleo
ton. The combined vote of Roo
sevelt and Taft, who ran on plat
frrms favoring protection to A
merican industries, exceeded by
several hundred thousand the
vote given Woodrow Wilson.
Low tariff Democrats may re-
Joice, but they did a piece ot
wot[ over the protests of a large
majority of the American peo-
pie. ItIwill doubtless mean chea-
per goods, but it will also. mean
lower wages. The Union pre-
fers higher Goods and higher We
ges, for when these prevail hap
piness ard conUentment abide in
every home. Lawrence burg
(Tenn.) } Union.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30
To Our Farmer Readers

We can highly recommend this
handsome dairy magazine to our lar
mer friends. Every man who owns
cows will find it worth many dollars to
him Here is our offer to farmers:
KimbalPs Dairy Farmer years. 80
Greenville Journal ] year ........s1 90
Regular price of both. ...........S1.5O
For limited time we will send both
one year to our farmer friends for
only 81 25.
Journal, Greenville, 0.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30
If You Own Cows

1t will not only be interesting but it
will be profitable for you to read that
little national dairy magazine. Kim
balls Dairy Farmer. 1t is published
semi-monthly at Waterloo, Iowa, the
hub of the great dairy region of the
central west. 1t is ably edited, well
printed on good book paper and hand
somely illustrated by actual photo
graphs taken exclusively for it. Its
purpose is educational and to the man
who would make his cows yield larger
profits, this little magazine is indis-
pensable. Regardless of how many
other papers the farmer may take, this
one is worth many times its price to
him. The subscription price is only
so cents a year, and the paper will
positively be discontinued at expira
tion. Send for sample copy.
Kimball's Dairy Farm or
Waterloo, Iowa.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1913-10-30

DIR. KUTCHIN, Ex. o. S. Surgeon
Graduate Of two Of the leading S:StI msdics,
college and university training Twenty-Five
SaRoNG GTp'bffssiGsA bfsGAsEs 81 81 'isnR'n' MEN AND
PRACTICE LIMITED
HEAD, NOSE, THROAT, EARS, BRoN-
CHIh TUBES, as .Catarrh, Consumption
eesyS Stssgss gTERSht Asth%a eG Tnsvs.
tion, Dyspepsia, Billiousness, Constipation,
BLOOD, HEART, SKIN, as Rheumatism.
Eczema, Pimples, Blood Poison, Scrotula'
4S NERVE, R'VTS SPINE, BRAIN, as Epilepsy, Fits.
Neuralgia, Headache, Sleeplessness, Dizziness,
Nervous Exhaustion, Dependency, Loss OF
KID kidneys, BLADDER, PROSTATE, as
Diabetes Bright's Disease, Inflammation of
Kidneys and Bladder, etc.
PILES, RECTAL DISEASES and VARI-
CoCELE, treated without use of knife or de-
NO MATTER WHAT THE DISEASE, IF
GULF, YOU ARE INVITED 70 CALL OR
WRITE REGARDING 1T.
FREE EYE EXAMINATION
Your sight is too precious to be triAed
with. Defective vision is often caused by
disease.
HOME TREATMENT FOR WOMEN
Home Treatment for Women is attested to
by hundreds of satisfied patients 1t saves
many suffering women from dangerous opera
tions. Astonishing Results. Many. cases pro-
nonunced hopeless have yielded readily.
Women suffering from any disease or weak
ness peculiar to their sex are invited to
call or write
AHCN DIR. Kutchin wants private
NNGAN heart-toheart talk or correspond
ence with every man who is weak, nervous,
broken down, discouraged, or suffering from
hr1 tO,,.n
contagion, incompetent treatment or neglect,
Success or failure in life depends on your
physical and mental condition. Do not put
Of matter of sue such vital Importance, DO
WHY CONSULT DIR. KUTCHIN?
HE HAS MADE regular visits to this com
munity for nearly seventeen years and has
established permanent practice and repu'
HIS PRACTICE Is LIMITED to Chronic
Diseases, and he has spent practically all his
f 5 Is sPEEr9To ssHSE de1so 81 and sd' furnish
at low cost successful courses of home
treatment for those who have no time or
money to spend at expensive hospitals and
HE Is in THE PRIME OF LIFE and at
HIS PRACTICE CONSISTS mainly of rare
and difficult cases having failed to secure
AT LEAST THREE-FoURTHs of his pa.
tients are sent to him by former patrons.
IF HE THINKS he cannot benefit you he
DIR. KUTCHIN's BEST references are his
many friends and patients, the result of
seventeen years practice IN this community.
REMEMBER
THAT DR.. KUTCHIN INVITES searching
investigation of his work and methods of
treatment. And that he charges ABSo:
LUTELY NOTHING FOR CONSULTATION
AND EXAMINATION. Your case will re.
ceive his best attention, Everything conf.
Dental,
HIS CHARGES are so fair and reasonable
that the poorest working man or woman need
aot hesitate to apply for treatment
ADDRESS ALL CVMMUNICATIoNS TO
DR.. KUTCHIN
1873 WILSON AVE. COLUMBUS, o