davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MANY ARE GIVEN DEGREES e B {:
Secretary Houston on Yale Honor List
and Col. Gosthals Also 10 Pre-
ssnted Win Award.

New Haven. Conn, June 20-Nearly
800 degrees were conferred at Yale
university at commencement on
Wednesday. The honorary degrees
presented were as follows: 3 ss$:
Doctor OF Divinity-Arthu Judson
Brown. secretary Of the Presbyterian
board OF foreign missions; Boyd Vim.
cent, presiding bishop Of the Protest
ant Episcopal church; Joseph Hop
kins Twitchell, recently senior fellow
OF Yale corporation. l,.s
Doctor OF Letters-Alfred Noyes.
English poet. ~.
Doctor OF Law--samuel Oscar Prem
tice, chief Justice OF Connecticut.
John Grier Hibben, president Of
Princeton university; David Franklin
Houston, secretary Of agriculture.
Philadelphia, June 20.-Nine men
noted in the world Of science and let
tiers. among them George Washington
Goethals. chief engineer OF the Pana-
ma canal, received honorary degrees
at the one hundred and nfty-seventh
commencement Of the University Of
Pennsylvania on Wednesday. The de-
gree of doctor Of laws was conferred
upon Colonel Goethals.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
SPARKS FROM
The ! WIRE

a Chattanooga. Tenn, June ia
holocaust was narrowly averted here
Friday when hre broke out in the jail.
the lives of nifty prisoners being pre-.
served only by lively work OF hre
department. 15
Hammondsport, Ny Juno 16-An.
other country was added Friday to
the list Of those using American mill
tary flying machines. when Brazil
cabled Glenn Curtiss for the immedi-
ate delivery Of a flying boat.
Bombay. June 17.Three hundred
persons, number OF them religious
pilgrims. have been drowned by floods
around Palatana in the peninsula Of
Kathiawar. 1t was reported in Advices
received from the sctricken district.
sandusky. O.. June One person
was killed. many persons stunned,
several had close calls from IRE, .
large number Of buildings were
burned, including two churches and
. library, and much live stock killed
on Tuesday IN one Of the most severe
electrical storms ever; experienced in
north central Ohio. The storm fol-
lowed the hottest June day In the
history of the state. =57
Rain and lightning and thunder
wrought great damage in Ottawa,
sandusky, Erie. Marion and senica
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
FOOD LAW HITS MEAT
CHANGE ORDERED FOLLOWING
OPINION BY M'REYNoLDs.
New Ruling Empowers Federal In
spectors to Confiscate and Destroy
" Spoiled Shipments.

Washington, June 19.One Of the
most radical and far-reaching extern
sion Of the pure food and drugs act
since its enactment was made when
Secretaries Houston, McAdoo and Red.
field, charged with enforcing this
statute, ruled that meat and meat prod
ucts in Interstate or foreign commerce.
which hitherto have been exempted
from the provisions Of the pure food
law, may be seized II misbranded or
adulterated.
This. action was taken on the
strength OF. an opinion by Attorney
General McReynolds. The three secre-
taries revoked q regulation adopted in
October, 1906. only four months after
the passage Of the pure food law,
which had prevented the department
of agriculture, according to state
ment by. Secretary Houston, "from
prosecuting manufacturers of meat
foods under the pure food law, or or
dering seizures or prosecutions for
misbranding or adulteration Of domes-
tic meats" y ssts. IS n. 4
n Secretary Houston said he could not
understand why meat and meat prod,
:ucts were not food In the sense Of the
food and drugs act, or why his3 depart
ment could not seize bad, adulterated
or misbranded meat once 1t had en-
tered interstate commerce.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MISSOURI RATES ARE UPHELD
u. 8. Supreme Court Renders Decision
!. In Favor sof stats-WIns Six &
$3 Of Nine Cases. f9

Washington, June 18.The Supreme
court of the United States on Monday
sustained the rates fixed by the state
OF Missouri as to six companies, the
Chicago. Burlington & Quincy, the
Santa Fe. the Kansas City Southern.
the Missouri. Kansas g Texas. the
Chicago. Rock Island & Pacific, In
GLIDING the st. Louis. Kansas City &
Colorado. and the st. Louis & San
Francisco. In three Of the cases the
rates were held to be confiscatory.
the St. Louis & Hannibal. the Kan
sas City, Clinton & Springfield. and
the Chicago & Great Western. The
decision sustaining the rates as to
the six companies applies to the St.
Louis & San Francisco, the Missouri
Pacific, st. Louis. Iron Mountain &
Southern, Wabash, Chicago. Milwau-
kee e. st. Paul and the Chicago q
Alton,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MALE suFFRAGIsT IS HURT
A EmuIatlno Miss DAWSON, He Huris
4 Self ut eelmont's Horse
Il rs 81 s At Ascot. IA n II HI A

Ascot Heath, England, June ia
desperate male suffragist, In the pres
Jence OF King George, Queen Mary and
Is brilliant concourse OF race goers,
dashed upon the race track here on
Thursday during the running Of the
&317,500 gold cup event and in spec
.tacular effort to break UP the contest
received mortal injuries. y
The man ran directly into the path
OF August Belmont's American horse
Tracery just az it was entering the
stretch. He was knocked down and
az he fell his revolver went of. the
bullet lodging in his head.
Letters in the pockets of the suffra-
gist showed his name to be Hewitt
and that he was a student at Trinity
college, Cambridge.
Tracery wavered, throwing Jockey
9Whalley, who turned a complete SOM
ersault in midair. The multi
tude was struck into Mortified mac
ton and silence. W.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MAY QUIZ! L | |: '
SENATOR NORRIS ASKS THAT.
RAIL HEAD5APPEAR BEFORE
LOBBY PRoBERs.
SUGAR MEN In AFTER AZ :: WILEY / ] y
Letter OF Beet RepresentIve Show
Contract TO Employ Food Expert to
NJ: Electare-Friend Of oxnard Seek to
LImtt Scope Of Probe. 4 u

Washington, June 20.-A resolution
to broaden the powers Of the lobby
committee to call Robert S. Lovett OF
New York to explain statements that
the Union Pacific authorities have
been approached by persons profess.
ing to have influence In the Union Pa
lc-Southern dissolution proceedings
was prosposed on Wednesday by Sem
ator Norris. X 5..s
More letters and kilograms from the
private files OF the anti-free sugar
lobby put into the record Of the
senate ,investigating committee pur-
ported to show that the beet sugar
men furnished the sugar tariff argu-
ments contained in the Republican
national campaign text book of 1912;
engaged DR.. Harvey w. Wiley, former
government pure food chief, to deliver
lecturers; expressed great doubt" OF
former President Taft's ability to car
~ such states as California, Idaho.
Utah and Colorado. and added. III we
don't head him of we might be able
to get promise relative to the sugar
and tobacco industries" 5iS3
The introduction OF the private let.
ters was accomplished not without op.
position from Henry 7. Oxnard and
Truman G. Palmer. both prominent in
the beet sugar campaign. Through
their attorney, John w. Yerkes. they
protested that the committee had nc
authority to bring In any correspond
sence dated prior to the present SEES.
sion OF congress on the ground that
it was authorized only to investigate
II . lobby threatened legislation now
pending. 5ts ~ IL ss5
After the committee considered
their objection in executive session
Chairman Overman announced that all
Oxnard and Palmer letters would be
admitted on the ground that they
were corroborative evidence to oral
testimony already. heard.
.'Mr. Oxnard testified that for 20
years he had been active in the cam.
paign against legislation to reduce the
duty on sugar" said the chairman
'Mr. Palmer before this COMMITTEES
gave similar testimony. The commit.
tee believes these letters are corrobo.
rative of testimony that has been
given here that there Is a lobby in this
country organized to defeat any legis-
lation for the reduction Of the sugar
tari1. These letters are admissible as
evidence, we; believe, as showing q
common design and plan bearing on
what has been done In the past and
what is being done here now to OBJ
pose the sugar tariff reduction" IS.
Friends Of, Oxnard and Palmer de-
clared an effort would be made to
have the senate itself limit the scope
Of the committees investigation.
The particular letter which brought
In the Intervention Of the attorney
said in part: :ss Z
II have letter from Mr.. Morey,
in which he says that Mr.. Cove will
go around trying to educate congress
men, Will you please give Mr.. Cove
any statistics he may desire :" Il
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
HOLD / D D UP 2 c. TRAIN II
BANDITS ROB EXPRESS CAR JUST
our OF SPRINGFIELD. ii3'sa
Dynamite Safes, but Fall 70 sseurs
Any BootycoWer the
III Tratnmen.

Springfield, Ill. June 19-While
posses were securing Springfield and
outlying districts Wednesday morning
for the two masked robbers who ct
1880 .. m. held up north-bound Dta-
mond Special on the Illinois Central at
Glenarm. south of this city. the be.
lated train left Springfield at $500
q. m. for Chicago
Rumors that $4,000 was taken from
the express safe were denied here this
morning, officials Of the railroad de-
claring that the bandits opened only
the small safe in the express car and
did not enter. the big safe. which con-
tanned a large sum Of money. Al
The two men stopped the train when
1t was about three miles north Of Glen.
arm. They forced the trainmen to de.
tach the engine and the express car
from the rest of the train. They then
compelled the engineer to carry the
detached train north, and while en-
route the dynamiting OF the safe was
accomplished. Il VI II. \, Ia 4. q;
Engineer; "A. ]. Smell and Fireman
Tom Miller, both OF Clinton. and Bag
gageman A. S. Pugh and e. J. Hoop
ner. both OF Chicago, were compelled
to stand In a ditch beside the engine.
One bandit covered" them with two
huge revolvers. while the second ban
dit fred several shots Of dynamite de-
liberately at the big safe. 3 q. ! 10
For an hour the bandit worked ct
the safe, firing shot after shot. All
this time the train load Of passengers
trembled for fear the train would be
visited by the bandits. s5.,sl
Officers arrived on the scene in .
special train. They scattered out and
approached the engine and baggage
car. Oflcer Maurice O'Leary was far
in the lead Of the other Officers. Sud
denly he was accosted by one OF the
bandits who thrust gun into his
face. took his gun from him and threat
ened to kill him. 81. e VI sl.s
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Mexlcans eoycott Amerlca an, \

Mexlcans Boycott Americans.
. New York. June 19.-The existence
in Mexico OF a real anti-American feel
ing is shown by reports published in
Mexico City newspapers of the resolu-
ton taken by society leaders to boy
colt local American stores.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
SIX women GUILTY ! Y
SIX sUFFRAGETTEe.t:A land MALE
ADHERENT FOUND GUILTY OF
MALICIOUS MISCHIEF.
ANNIE kENNEY COURTS DEATH
Suffrage Leader IN lmpasslonsd
Speech During TrIai Tenders Her
Life In the Fight for the Vote for
Women OF Great Britain. 5$3s III

16S London, June 919.-StX OF the mose
prominent leaders OF the militant sui.
fragettes' organization and one Of
their male supporters were Tuesday
found guilty at the Central criminal
court OF conspiracy to commit ma.
licious damage to property. Those
found guilty we're Harriet Kerr, Agnes
Lake. Rachel Barrett, Mrs. Saunders.
Annie Kenney. Laura Lennox. E.
Clayton. rs n
Miss Kerr was sentenced to II
months. Miss Lake to SIX months,
Miss Barrett to nine months and
Miss Lennox to six months. Il.
Mrs. Saunders, the only married
woman among the defendants, got Is
months. Miss Kenney got the heavi.
est sentence Of all the women. name
~. Is months. Clayton's sentence was
Fl months. Il n h i Z. .s
Miss Kenney became noisy when
sentence was imposed. She screamed
and grabbed the railing OF the prison
ers' dock. She had to be bodily
dragged into the prison van by ward
resses. All the prisoners threatened
to go on hunger strike right away.
An impassioned speech In defense
Of the outrages committed by militant
sutfragettes was delivered in the
court by Annie Kenney during the
session. Her address served to en-
liven the proceedings and her con
GLIDING words created q great I'm
preston. ~
III I have got to die to get the
vote" she said. II will die willingly.
whatever the verdict of the jury.
Miss Kenney in her speech assert
ed that the action Of the Ulster union
lists and the speeches of cabinet min
listers, who she said had asserted that
unenfranchised were Justified In re-
belling in order to get their griev-
ances remedied, furnished ample war
rant for the course pursued by the
militant suffragettes. 4.
IF further Justification were neces'
sary," she said, the trickery and
treachery5 Of cabinet ministers. who
have hunted and. bounded the women
from pillar to post, supplied It. The
present government has timer In q
factory. Joined the suffrage move.
ment for that reason more than any
other. It has treated the aspirations
Of the women more abominably5 than
any British government since 1867.
AS for myself. ! belong to the
working class. At the age Of ten
was a halt-timer in u factory.
Joined the suffrage movement because
of the terribly cruel conditions under
which women worked in the British
isles. am a rebel and rebel
shall remain until women receive the
vote. II, like Miss Dawson, 1t should
be necessary for me to sacrifice my
life, then I shall gladly die"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
When Edison Peeved.

Thomas A. Edison. who is rather
hard Of hearing, said recently that
on one of his rare visits to New York
q man was introduced to him who
proceeded at considerable length to
make suggestions as to the direction
in which, for the blessing of man.
kind, Mr.. Edison's inventive faculties
might be applied. Then the man
switched to the question::
'Mr. Edison, why don't you use an
accousticon?"
Y What's that?" asked Mr.. Edison.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

Margaret Wilson Unveils Shaft 8s
Valley Forge. Pa. June 20.--ln the
presence OF many spectators Miss
Margaret Wilson. daughter Of the
president, unveiled the monument
erected to the memory OF the New
Jersey Brigade OF Continental army.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Arthur PeIksy's Trial eeo,ns,

Arthur Pelksy's Trial Begins.
Calgary. Alberta. June 20.-The
trial OF Arthur Pelky. the prize fighter
who was boxing in the ring in this
city with Luther McCarty- at the time
OF the latter's death on May "a last.
began Thursday.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

"one of those things that help one
to hear better" .
"Oh," said Mr.. Edison. I'LL tell you.
By a carefully conducted series Of
experiments I have discovered that
the gray matter of the average person
frazzles out before his voice does"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MANY "HeIIo" Girl. to Ala.

Many Hello" Girls to AID.
st. Louis. Mo-, June 20.-One hun
dred strike breaking telephone girls
arrived in st. Louis from Chicago and
Kansas CITY. They we're met at. the
Union station by officials OF the Bell
company.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
CITY OWNERSHIP BILL WINS
Illinois LeglsIaturs Passes Measure
That Authorizes Control Of UtlI-
tles-vote 10 III TO 1.

Springfield. ILL.,, June 1s.-The house
late Tuesday night passed Governor
DUNES municipal ownership bill.
Two minor amendments were At
tached which the senate probably will
approve and the bill will then 60 to
the governor for his signature. 1t hav-
ing originated in and passed the SEN
ate.
The bill gives to all cities in ILL.,
nois the right to own, operate. lease
and regulate any public utility with
in the corporate limits. ,@
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Temperature los b MIesouri. 7

Temperature 100 In Missouri.
Montgomery. Mo-. June 20.-The
hest broke all records in northeast
Missouri. the thermometer going to
100. No rain Of consequence has
fallen since April. the crops are
greatly damaged. .-}S.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Teaching the Child by Pictures.

One of the quickest ways in which
to put an idea or a story into child's
mind Is by means of pictures, and
the material available for Sunday
school or club work is both excellent
in quality and Of great variety.
There are Bible stories. films on ma
ture study. films illustrating the trades
and industries, films dealing with a
pure water supply, warfare on flies.
mosquitoes and tuberculosis. In the
fine arts are films tracing the prog
ress of architecture, lace making, pot
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

One Dead, Twelve Are Injured.
Kalamazoo. Mich. June 2O.--Engi-
neer Hueneyuft was instantly killed
and twelve persons were seriously In.
jured when a Lake Shore passenger
train collided with work train. near
here, on. Wednesday.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Rar.a Avist

"A likeable fellow, Wigley. Every
body seems to have a. good word for
him. What do you suppose is the se-
cret charm about him that attracts
so?"
ooh, I dunno. Maybe it's because
he's one OF the common people and
is always SO modest about Il"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
GAR CRASH .kII|L.LS.l4|
1 TWENTY OTHER PERSONS ARE
INJURED IN HEAD.oN COL
y LISBON NEAR VALLEJO, CAL.
DEAD AND INJURED IN DEBRIS
Owing to the Manner In Which Elee-
trlc Coaches Teiescoped, Work OF
ss Extricatlng Dead and Hurt
From Wreckaoe Dlfficult. 81

Vellejo, Cali June Fl Fourteen
people were killed and twenty-five
were injured. several fatally, in q
$head-on collision between two interur
ban electric trains OF the San Fran
cisco, Napa & Calistoga Electric line
one mile north OF here on Thursday
I The trains, travelling at high speed
came together with 4 terrific crash
and telescoped 4:
In an instant the two trains were
reduced to q high heap Of wreckage
Passengers were heaped about and
buried beneath the pile Of splintered
wood and twisted steel. a3:gs,
Partial list of dead Z; 8s Isl,
H. G.. Hunt, San Fran cisco.
George L. Holzworth, San Francis
a s. E. Jowewski, San Francisco
1, Chris Koch, San Francisco.
4 Miss Gail. San Francisco.
q J. r. Grabel Vallejo.
b. G. Judd, Vallejo.
"a. p. Herbert, Napa. III .5iS t55s h. 7.
%. 5McQuaide. San Diego.
4 8. H. Dayton, residence unknown.
q Unidentified man. Ri
The inbound train was in charge
\ OF 4 william Laurel motorman, and
I b. b. Cation, conductor, James
Hough was at the motor Of the out.
bound train with c. Richards as con.
Sductor. ..33I35
The work OF extricating the passen.
gers, some dead and others severely
injured, was begun at once. Owing to
4 the manner In which both trains tele.
scooped 1t was extremely dimcult to
5extricate some Of the unfortunate
men and women, who were buried
deep IN the wreckage. 4 Y 55 ~,
The train from Vallejo Ito Napa
consisting Of two cars, was crowded
{ with passengers from the steamer
Monticello from San Francisco, be.
sides d number OF passengers from
this city. The car from Napa was wa!
well filled with passengers, q mum.
Der OF whom were coming to Vallejo
to take the boat to San Francisco.
The crash came on straight stretch
OF track at One Mile House. Mista-
/ ken signals are said to have beenSre-
sponsible for the wreck. Ofhcials Of
the company announce an inyestiga.
ton to lay the blame, just as soon az
all the injured are accounted for.
II was not until the trains were
within few hundred feet Of each
other: that the motormen realized that
collision could not be averted. Air
brakes were applied but the mo.
mentum was too great. 4 ri
There was q crash that sent pas
sengers from their seats beneath 4
shower OF splintered glass. The force
OF the impact telescoped the first two
front coaches. Passengers in these
two front cars were the most severely
hurt and 1t was from these cars that
most OF the dead were taken. 4;
The other cars were tossed from
the track and piled high one over the
other Beneath this heap Of wreck.
age lay the passengers. S3sa ri
The track for many yards around
was strewn with debris. Those who
had escaped more serious injury
{ quickly went to the assistance Of the
less unfortunate q N. n .sio8
( i f RI VI Il Il
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

War Correspondent Kills Self.
New York. June 17.-Angus Hamil-
ton, war correspondent, who had
gone to the ends of the earth and suf-
fered privations and even torture In
the gathering of news. killed himself
by cutting his throat with razor.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
j. n 3. h n a keep Polo TItJe,

h New York. June 17.-America on
Saturday successfully defended the
Meadowbrook cup by defeating Eng,
land in the hardest fought match in
the history Of the international trophy
competition. The score was AZ to
Az goals. .55
Through eight periods 10000 per-
sons cheered an exhibition Of polo
skill that left little to choose between
the rival teams.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
MIehIaan Forests on Fire..

Michigan Forests on Fire.
Detroit. Mich, June 20.-Serious
damage to property is threatened by
forest fires which have been smolder-
ing for days in the northeastern coun-
ties and which now show signs OF
breaking forth.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

SlOUe rNS4uoSHk0US0sss4 yE 8a5B
"Arsn't you interested In aviation :"
More interested than ever. have:
studied and experimental till ! know
90 much about 1t that / don't feel jus
titled in taking any more chances -;
q birdman., &.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25

terry, sculpture and painting, while In
literature there are presentations OF
the work of such authors as Shake
speare, Scott, Dickens and others.
Travel and history are also presented.
Farm Journal.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Crop 10 Dams aed.

Springfield. ILL.,, June 1s.~-The pro-
tracted drought in Illinois has already
done over a million dollars damage to
the crops in thisstate, according to the
opinion OF men who have been study.
ing the situation.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
An Object o. Attentlo .,

An Object Of Attention. ASs
II suppose your family will go away
for the summer? !" s 81
Yes" replied the man in the a.
paca coat. f5..s5S.
"Oh, I'll have nice time. too. I'm
the one who will sit quietly at home
and look at the pretty pictures on the
postcards"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
sails for az Unknown Land.

Sails for an Unknown Land.
Victoria, B. c.. June 1s.-The stef-
ansson arctic expedition. which left
here, differs from most polar under.
takings In that It's objects are practical
and commercial &#$
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
Killed by Bomb In Letter.

Killed BY Bomb - Letter.
Sherbrooke. Quebec, June 19.-An
Internal machine sent by mail killed
one woman and wounded another
when 1t was opened. The woman killed
was Mrs. Theodore Bilodeau, the one
wounded Miss Bilodeau. l
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
So Embarrassing.

The Little One-Pawdon me, but /
have an impression that i have met
you before. Aren't you on the waiting
list at our club?
The Big One-Yes, sir. I'm the head
waiter there, thank you, sir.-Puck.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1913-06-25
chlc.oo, Leads Parcel Poet,

Washington. June 19.-Chicago led
the country in the number Of parcels
handled during the three months fol-
lowing the esta blishment of the parcel
post. The stamp sales at the Chicago
post Office aggregated $1,254.469 IS.