davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

beeves are lightweight c~arcasses, In.
ferior to "Westerners' in form, nnisl
and quality, usually bruised and show.
ing considerable age, consisting chief.
~ OF medium, common, and Gamer
COWS and steers. These terms have
much less geographical significance
than formerly in the various live
stock markets.
"Yearlings" are c~arcasses Of young
steers and heifers of 400 to 700 pounds
dressed weight, with sum Client quality
and finish to be sold at retail on the
butchers block. Butcher cattle" are
those especially adapted to butcher
shop trade and consist principally Of
medium to choice heifers, steers and
cows. Kosher" cattle are beeves
that have been slaughtered, inspected.
cleansed and labeled in accordance
with Jewish rites, and include medium
tO choice steers, cows, and heifers.
"Distillers" are steers, bulls and stays
that have soft. "washy" hesh and
high color" Characteristic Of cattle
fattened on distillery slops. They are
principally of medium and good
grades.
Shipping beef" refers to that seat
to eastern cities and consists chiefly
Of steers, heifers and cows Of medium
to prime grades. Export Beet" ID
made up mainly of medium to choice
steers, and includes good and choice
heifers, heavy COWS, bulls and stays.
The straight cuts r loins, ribs.
rounds, chucks. plates, TANKS and
bhanks.
The grades Of beef cuts r No. I.
No. 2, No. 8, and strippers. The
grade Of a cut depends upon ito thick
ness, covering, quality and weight.
Various other Wholesale cuts are
made from the straight" cuts, and in
general are graded in . similar man.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
Dy W. R. PORTER. supertntsnds.,

Dy W. r.. PORTER. Superintendent
North Dakota Demonstration Faxuns.)
Three times each year for the past
seven years soil moisture determine
tons have been made On each nesd Of
each Of the state demonstration farms.
When the moisture content is high On
these farms 1t Is high On the farms
OF the state and when It II low the
same is true Of the farms of the state
In general. In other words, October
moisture determir atoms are an indi-
Gator Of how much water there is
stored in the soils of the state for use
Of the crops the following year. Little
of this water is lost either by perco-
lation or evaporation during the win
ter months. as nature puts 1t in cold
storage until the crop Of the following
summer is in need of it. This amount
Of water is added at the rate Of nifty
gallon barrels of water every time an
inch Of snow or rain soaks into the
land.
That 4 large water content In soil
In the fall is a good thing seems evi-
dent from the diagram. In 1905 there
were 1918 barrels Of available water
and the following crop was 1911 bush
ss. In 1898 1t was 1911 barrels and
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

Erect Of Temperature upon growth @
bacteria. 4, A single baetsrIum;
b, lts progeny In tssnty-four hours
Ia milk kept At 80 degrees r. e
bactsria); 6, It, progeny In twenty
four hours In milk kept At 70 de-
sress =. (75o BACTERIAL. (From
eulIentln rs, storrs (conn.) Asrs-
cultural Experiment station.)
slowly, while at 70 degrees. the ordi-
nary room temperature. the develop
msnt = quite rapid. The sooner the milk
can b cooled after milking the better,
- the milk when drawn has q tenn
p~srature very favorable for tho bao-
terra to develop. A good way to keep
milk cool when ice IL not to b used
- to put It In . tall can and place
this In well water. II possible lot
the water from the pump dow through
the milk cooler before passing to the
trough for the horses and stock.
The importance OF keeping out the
bacteria - much as possible IL also
very important as the more that rot
into the milk the more rapid win b
the increase.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
KEEPING MILK SWEET
Diagram Shows Effect Of TEN
perature on Bacteria.
importance Of Keeping Out MiwvAs
ersanisms ~ Much - Possible
Quite EssentiaI-Metho
OF Keeping Cool.

tSy ". c. PALMER, Agricultural Ddits.
Nseth Dakota Agricultural Collexe.)
Bacteria causes milk to sour. 70
Keep milk sweet 1t is necessary; irst
to keep out the bacteria as far a. poe.
.sibae; and second, to keep the milk
IN a condition SO the bacteria cannot
develop. The accompanying diagram
shows the effect of temperature on the
development Of bacteria. At a, a sin.
gle bacteria is shown. At b, are the
bacteria that had developed from one
single specimen In twenty-four hours
when the milk was kept at so degrees.
At 6 it shows the bacteria that had
developed from q single specimen in
twenty-four hours when the milk wa
kept at 70 degrees. At 80 degrees,
about the temperature Of we'll water,
the bacteria can develop only very
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

(By q. D.. CHURCHILL, North Dakota
Agricultural Cotlege.)
Weeds may b divided into three
general classes, ANIMALS. biennials
and perennials. zach class may be
treated in a certain way and the
method which will exterminate of
them will exterminate all of them.
L. The annals may be eradicated By
causing the seed to terminate and not
allowing the plants to produce any
more seed. This may be done In va1t
80 ways. Summer following. pa
tnrss, meadows. a good cultivated
crop, ETC., II properly handled, Win b
elective. Our worst annual weeds are
mustard, wild oats. kingheed. pigeon
grass, wild barley. Trsneh WED and
cookie.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
GOOD FOR CATTLE PASTURES
Rape Does Especially Well In North
Dakota and Should Be Given
Some Consideration.

ny q. O. CHURCHILL, North Dakota
Agricultural ConeGo.)
Rape u . plant which should -
used fer sheep and hos pastures, and
It y also valuable for cattle pastures.
II may b either pastured or used o.
. selling crop. and either b. itself O.
In Q mixture. It can be hroadcasted o.
seeded In drills and cultivated. Dwarf
HDsex rape u the best variety. From
two to -four pounds Of sesd u ~
qutsed PR asre. It may b seeded n
the spring and ct varying periods. -
II the miAd1e Of July. 70 furnish
suooession o. pastures. 4 small qua1-
tity may b mixed with wheat anA
ssedsd IN the nsld, and when the crop
II taken on It will furnish : fair
amount Of pasture. Rape does espe-
cially wen m North Dakota and shoalA
- given some consideratioa
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
A ROTATION
Make Provision for Permanent
Fertility Of Soil
Among Principles to b Kept In Mind
Az Cultivated Crops, Lsgumee,
Grass and Provision for Feed
for Live Stock.

(By PROF. r. c. DONDoHUE Profess
sor Of Farm Crops. North Dakota Az
r~teulturai eollege.)
The planning of a complete rota.
ton for any farm consists Of the
placing Of the crops which give the
greatest net income for the region in
question In such sequence in the
cropping system that the largest net
income for the farm will be obtained.
In order that the system may be per.
manent, it is necessary that some pro
vision be made to maintain the fer.
tility of the soil for future produc.
tiveness. In planning a rotation the
following principles should be kept
In mind. First. cultivated crops, like
corr and potatoes, clean the land Of
weeds, conserve soil water, and i'm
prove physical condition Of the soil
Second, the legume crops. like clover
and alfalfa. keep down weeds. build
up the organic matter In the soil and
add nitrogen to 1t. Third. grass crops
like timothy and bronze grass. keeI
down weeds and build up the organic
matter in the soil. but add no i'm
portant element of plant food. Fourth
wheat and barley are relatively veal
feeding crops and should be placed
in the most favorable place in the
rotation. They allow the accumula
ton Of certain weeds and allow thu
soil to get into poor physical condi
ton. Firth, oats are ranker feeders
than either barley or wheat. and d.
not demand as favorable q place II
! the rotation. They allow the accumu
lation Of weeds and the development
Of poor physical conditions In tn,
soil. Sixth. max is a weak feeder AMI
demands q good place IN the rota
ton. As Z rule II does best on sot
and when given this place in the 70
tation does not seem to in1ure TIL
land for small grain production. Whel
seeded on old land OF which q rota
ton has not been followed, It fails I.
improve the land for wheat produc
] ton. It should not be seeded twic,
In succession on the same land. an.
when It 10 grown . period Of sever
or eight years should intervene be
fore II ID seeded again. Seventh
clovsr does best when seeded with
nurse crop II the more humid poi
lions Of - state. Barley or whoa
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

proven unsuccessful. The barley willis
down from freezing and affords 1t
tie protection.
No. $50 winter rye bred up BY this
station IL the hardest and best yield
ing rye that l have found. Winter
rye has usually survived without any
protection from stubble or other
growth.
The latter part of August, or, In the
east part Of the state, September l Ia
generally found to be the best time to
SOW winter wheat and winter rye. In
the drier districts earlier seeding
seems to be an advantage. although
U results are not uniform. At the
Williston and Edgeley sub-stations
seeding Al early as the middle of Au.
gust seems to be very satisfactory
while at Dickinson earlier seeding
did not do as we'll as that sown the
first part Of September.
In dry seasons winter grain has q
much more difficult time to get
through the winter than when rain.
'oAAc ~O AAO4uCuI uuIIu6 IuO L6ll
Winter rye will usually go through
the winter without any protection II
sown early. It IL commonly safe from
winter killing II sown in corn and the
stalks left standing. The labor OF
seeding 1t In standing corr is heavy
and tedious. No winter grain should
be sown in weedy stubble or where
the ground il not mellow.
Sow winter rye at the rate of siz
pecks per acre. Sow winter wheat
at the rate Of ave pecks per acre in
the east third Of the state. Further
west lighter seeding may be advis
able.
Winter wheat is still in the expert
ment stage. Rye can be sown with
reasonable assurance Of winterine
through the average winter II given
good conditions.
| wish to call attention to the fac,
that there is almost always some vol
unteer rye the year following the pro
duction Of a crop Of 1t on a field
which reduces the value of a whea,
crop produced on 1t.
II sown to barley the volunteer rye
is Of little consequence and the cror
is harvested SO early as t o catch the
rye seed before It can shell upon thu
ground a second time.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

There are no very bad weeds among
the biennials; bull thistle, mullen, bur-
dock are the most common ones, and
these are easily kept in check.
The worst weeds with which we
will have to contend are among the
perennials. The quack grass, Canada
thtstles, and SOW thistles are multi
piled in two ways: by the seed and BY
the underground root stalks.
1t 10 on account of the dim Guilty Of
killing the underground stems and
The extent to which they are spread BY
blowing. cultivating and narrowing
that they become 30 dangerous. The
only way to kill these weeds 10 to
starve the underground parts by not
allowing any leaves to be produced
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
FALL WHEAT AND RYE
Fields Are Much Heavier Than
That of Spring Varieties
Turkey Red 10 One Of Best Seeds 10
Be Found and Withstands Severe
Winter Conditions 6ettr
Than Any Other Sort.

(By ]. H. sHEPPERD. North Dakota A.
ncultural College.)
Fall wheat and fall rye distribute
the work more evenly at seeding time,
at harvest time. and In threshing.
The winter wheat and winter rye can
be threshed before the spring grain
is ready to cut. Winter grain land
that can be spared for 1t very early
in the season. which helps the chance
for a crop the following year. They
will keep wild oats and hngshead
down and in this way clean up the
land considerably. Where they are
At home and do well. the yields Of
winter wheat and winter rye are much
heavier than those of spring wheat
and spring rye. Their seaso for AL
ing Is earlier than the dry weather
and rusting periods commonly occur.
The Turkey Red winter wheat,
which has been grown in the north
west for several years, Is the best
seed that I have been able to find.
1t is a hard winter wheat in grade.
and withstands winter conditions
here better than any other sort that
] have tested.
Winter wheat must have q snow
covering during the winter to sur
vive.
Where the rainfall is sufficient to
start the wheat in stubble land. that
plan Of seeding has brought the larg-
est portion Of the winter wheat
through without winter killing of any
plan that I have observed. StubbA
land should be mellow. rich and rea-
0onably clean. however. to be sown
70 winter wheat.
It may be disked very lightly with
the disk set almost straight. but even
this much Of breaking down Of the
stubble will cause the winter wheat
10 kill out under severe conditions.
1t may be sown in corn fields BE-
tween the rows by using . one-horss
drtl. II the cor stalks are lett
standing it viii usually live through
khe winter In any part Of the state.
Where cor II cut and the stubblo
bat short, however. 1t frequently k1lls
~
Even whego one-fourth Of the cosn
seAaks are Nh standing too little anoW
= held Tor the wheat to be carried
esu1gA sevore winters satisfactorily.
~ wtAter of 1911 and 1917 vas very
hard on winter grain and les tAAa
Nm Of The winter wheat nals . eeop
vhea sse6ed In corn and III q ~
soal1u LETT standing.
00o-hofse drills ~ - hAA vhAaA
Win seed winter wheat n eeen Upund
WY we'll but 1t IL Z slow pfpeesG
aAA must b done q > ums vhsn h
~ = expsnsiv0.
1sW1ng ba1ssy M winter wAaol
0 : nsans Of ~Dso1s0ting Il -
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
YounA Frvst Tnees,

Young fruit trees should - given
good care from the start and when
they have reached early bearing age
they should not be pruned oyermuch
but allowed q form their fruit bads
md beae.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

faucet set into the pipe B, and G -
rod that shuts Of q turns on the
faucet D and extends above the pump
platform. Turn this rod on cold nights
ana yoa will have no frossn pipes.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
Quality V. Quantity.

Overgrown :owls are no better ii
any particular than those Of normal
sire. The breeding, care ana sslsc-
ton designed tor increasing size had
bettsr Be devoted to the devslopmsnt
ef laying qualities and tahls esanty
instee6s of enantaex
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
Ample Room Tor Exvane,on.

NWtpso U00su vW Gxpa6e400.
The imports Of the product Of poul
ny culture into this country fton
foreign countries show that the neld
still IL open to . large increass Of In
1ustEy IN the United States. and that
The opportunity 10 waiting for those
with sagacity and industry enough 70
take advantage Of It.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21
USEFUL DEVICE FOR WINTER
Directions and Illustration Given
Herewith Will Prove Of Value 20
Any Farmer.

Here is q device that will drain q
pump to keep 1t from freezing: A is
the cylinder Of the pump, B the pipe
from cylinder to pump above. D IL a
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

QUESTIONS ANSWERED az MEM
BER9 OF THE NORTH DAKOTA
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE FAC
WTv. E

o.-Doss it pay to cook feed sor
stock?
Ans.-W. b. Richards. professor AM
NAL Husbandry: 1t used to be oonst&
cred hat there was a.saving made ~
cooking feed for stock. Later. how.
ever. experimental work has shown
that It does not pay. and that IN
many instances the nutrients are ren-
dered less digestible when the feeds
are cooked. There Is one exception.
potatoes and roots, when fed cooked
or steamed give better results when
fed to swine.
Q.-How can furniture best b ks0t
polished?
Ans.-Minna A. Stonner, Dean Home
Home Economies Department: This
depends upon the finish, whether it =
an oil, polish or wax finish. The -
Of the dustless dust cloth aids mate
rally in preserving the original pol
ish Of the furniture. In case the f1E1k
ture 10 much soiled. any Of the coed
commercial furniture or wax polishes
may be applied as often ~ necessary.
taking care to fellow directions print
ed on each package concerning -
kind Of finish upon which 1t IL to -
applied.
Q.-At what temperature should
IN incubator be kept?
Ans.-O. w. Dynes, head Of Poultry
Investigations: Follow tie instruer
lions Of the incubator manufactures.
In general. q temperature Of 102 d.
grees Fahrenheit the first week, ~
degrees r. the second week. and .
gradual rise t 1Q4 degrees F. until
the last day will give
Q.-What are the requirements toe
attending Boys and Girls institute?
Ans.-G. w. R%andlett, Director Col
Iege Extension: The only prerequisite
required by the agricultural college u
that the boy or girl be q winner II
some form Of industrial contest. Al
other matters are left entirely With
the county superintendent of schools.
That 10. the pupil may win IN o {
growing. bread making. butter ma
king, sewing or any such manner
He IL not necessarily the winner Of
the first prize. It 10 within the prov
ince Of the county superintendent 70
pass UP q first or even . second and
send the third or fourth. II local cou-
ditions seem to warrant.
Q.-Can alfalfa hay be fed to hogs?
Ans.-E. ]. Thompson. assistant
professor Of Animal Industry: Alfsl-
e hay can be fed to hogs very -.
nomically during winter months. The
usual system Of feeding 1t IL to have
It we'll cut up and placed In racks @
that the hogs can run to them ana
eat when they like. Various sAapel
troughs r devised tor this kind II
feeding, and all are devised to keep
the hay from being soiled md WASTED.
Another system used ~ some feeders
Of alfalfa hay II 70 cut o. sYinA t
very nne. and feed It in slop along
with some other Ted % tAs p-Fineipel
part Of the ration.
An unssvssaah1r - = nast 49,
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-02-21

A aassvssaahar - = nsst 49,
01ams
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-10-23
RACING RESULTS

ond; Maude Mckee 100 (Benton), 49, 60
third Time, 1:16 3-5 Also ran; Envy
Lamode. .Syringa, Ursula Emma,
Herges, Bright Stone, Mae Taft, Chan
ticleer, June w.
SECOND-Mile and 70 yards; Ocean
Queen 109 (Benton), $50, $50, $40, won;
Efendi 116 tBoreD, $50, 2.9o. SECOND;
Garneau 109 Henry, $50, third. Time
1:49 Is. Also ran: Plant, Billy Baker
Orperth, Cordie F., White Heat.
TRIRD-Five and one-half furlongs:
Maud B. L. 105 (Keogh), 1910, 7.4O
4.4O, won; Bronze Wing 1876 (French),
$40, 410, second; Edith w. liz (Mc-
Cabe), $40, third. Time. 1909 20. Also
ran: Emerald Gem, Lady Moon, Miss
Gayle. \
FOURTH-Mie: Just Red 104 (OberD
$50, 40, $50, won; Counterpart 10E
Ckeogh), $40, 4.20, second; Ymire 107
(Gross), 10 third. Time, :42 3-5. Also
ran: Prince Hermis. Harry Lauder
FIFTH-Mile: Buck Keenon Ill (Bo.
rel. I. ~, $40 200, won, oLeVesta lUl
(Obert), $50, 40, second; The Idol lOi
(Taylorl, $50, third. Time, 1;44 10
Also ran. Sadie Iouett. Monstone, Tran
sit, Mockery. Big Spirit.
SIXTH-Mile and 70 yards: Marshor
III MARTINI, l4.40. $50, $50, won; sam
Hirsch l19 (BoreD, $40, 4.20, second
Flying Tom III (Vandusen), 40, third
Time, 149. Also ran: Henry Rite, Eel
bowman, star Actress, Rooster
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-10-23
ALL RECORDS
BROKEN IN
DEPOSITS
Bankers Say High Price Of Fine
Staple Is Responsible for
Money Influx.

Conservative bankers declared
Thursday that bank deposits at pres
ent in Atlanta break all records. They
estimated that the days deposits ex-
ceeded all previous records by more
than s6,0O0,OO0.
With the movement of cotton well
under way, indications are that even
these figures will be beaten before
the end of the week To-day's rec
ord is the second that has been set
this week.
Last Monday bank ciearings reach
ed the highest mark in the city's his
tory for one day.
The unprecedented deposits is
taken by the bankers as an indica-
ton of the wave of prosperity sweep
ing Georgia on the heels of a good
cotton crop. The staple Is of a bet
ter quality than any crop in recent
years, and better prices are being
paid the farmer, putting more money
crop is carried on.
The bank olearings of Atlanta
financial institutions have been set
ting new marks in the last few weeks
On Monday the clearings reached a
high water mark of $4,270,000, a gain
of more than s200,0O0 over the clear
ings of Saturday, which were $4,031,-
600 and record up to that time
Haynes McFadden, an authority on
bank statistics, declared Thursday
that 100000 above the record in
bank deposits was not an exaggerated
estimate.
Georgia's banner cotton crop is
bringing record price and is moving
SO rapidly that refrigerator cars are
actually being pressed into service for
the handling of it.
From all over Georgia came glow
ing reports. In the belief that cotton
is going to soar upward to a much
higher price, many of the country
merchants and farmers are holding to
their cotton.
This augurs we'll for financial con-
ditions. in the opinion of many bank
ers, as 1t means a continual and
heavy flow of money into Georgia Tor
months to come.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-10-23
COURT RECESSED To
ALLOW ANGER T0O|E,
ATTORNEY DECLARES

Attorney Luther Rosser made the positive declaration at
the hearing trial for Leo M Frank Thursday afternoon
that the defendant had been the the time the
verdict rendered he almost certainly would suffered
violence at the hands of the huge crowd outside especially the
event that acquittal had been brought in.
Why that bowling mob of 5000 would have eaten him alive
he had among them shouted Rossr He would have
been meat for them"
Rosser remarks made during discussion of the hostile
sentiment toward the prisoner which developed that
Franks at the rendering of the verdict waived
the suggestion of Judge Roam himself because the Judge
pressed with the possibility Of violence and thought advisable
take every precautionary
The expected attack upon A. Hense and Marcsus Johen
ming jurors of the Frank trial. launched by the attorneys
Frank Thursday afternoon.
The charged with having expressed before
trial the opinion that Frank guilty and represented that
Frank therefore unable to get fair and impartial trial
of a6dayits attached exhibits
the contention of bias Several of
that Juror Henslee Albany Ga date he specifically
had denied being there Albany is alleged
to have made denuncatory remarks against Frank.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-10-23
Grabs Pet as Father Carries He
to Safety-Mother Rescues
Baby.

Saved from death by her father, r.
M. Cason, who carried her through
binding smoke and falling timbers to
the sidewalk when their home at No.
AZ Alaska avenue caught fire Thurs
day morning at 8 o'clock, 3-year- old
Margaret Cason Is happy because she
rescued her pet cat, Bessie, from the
flames.
Dangling, half ehoked, from his
arms as her father plunged through
the smoke-filled hallway, the little girl
saw her kitten leaning, dazed, against
the wall, She slipped from her ia
theirs arms and, Selling the cat, ran
out into the street, uninjured, and
with her beloved pet clasped close TO
her breast.
Her father followed her a moment
later, half strangled by the smoke.
Behind Mr.. Cason and the little girl
Mrs Cason struggled bravely. carry
ing her 2-month- old baby, Richard,
whom she snatched from his cradle
when she was awakened by the smell
of smoke and the glare OF the flames.
Mrs. Casons dress was scorched, and
both shss and the baby were half
strangled by the dense smoke.
None of the members of the Cason
family were injured. f. NJ. Bugg,
Continued on Page 5, Column 6.