, 1913-07-19

the four expeditions I have mentioned.
MagellRu's ship, the 4rtnida0, command.
ed, after his death, by u good aud p%ersever-
ing officer named Gonzalez Gomez de Espl!
nosa, was put On a course to return across
the ocean, but the adverse winds batbed her.
EspinoSa tried al Be knew provisions failed,
and in the end he was obliged to surrender
his ship, his men, and himself to the Portu-
guese,
The survivors Of EoNysa's expedition held
the island of Tidore for some time, they
could not return. they made a brave fight
and their story has been most ably told, but
at last they were fairly worn out. Their owh
sovereign abandoned them, giving up his
clam to the Spice islands, and the gallant
remnant got passages home in Portuguese
ships,
Saavedra put his ship on a course to re.
turn across the ocean, but he WAS bathed as
Espinosa had been bntHel. Worn out with
anxiety and want of rest, he died while
striving against the contrary winds. He
WAS II COOL seaman and u man Of inteIli-
gencr. l believe that Saavedra was the
fist to propose the construction of u canal
across the isthmus of Panama.
V~illalohos, who commanded the fourth ex-
petition, | have mentioned, died ut AmbOy-
ma. Hi, second in command, Yhigo Ortiz
lie Retes, attempted to return a;r0ss the
ocean to Mexico, and he was the discOverer
of the whole northern coast of New Guinea.
But he too was bath I'D.
Now, the discovery of the way to cross
the Pacific is a small thing "a regards utili-
ty, compared with the discovery OF the way
to cross the Pacific and to retarn, thus enn-
bling the ebb and flow of commerce to pass
over the vast ocean. The man who made
fhot liCpNvaTy 10 70 Io ropltcI with F4rIon.
,lcz, as a worthy developer of thu great
uchIevpm uts of VHsco Nun z de Balboa.
He was no o., iinnly mnu. Andres lie r..
danetr WIS n Basque, and, needles, TO ",
of good family, for all Bo,ques are of good
family, but he was also a welI-educated gen
tlemuu. Inspired by the love of adventure,
he Joined the expedition to the Spice islands
of which his friend Sebastian del CanO was
chief pilot. His age was then tWeuty-siX,
Four commanders sueeeeded each other in
command of the expeditions, aud Urdnneta
was not one of them. But he was certainty
the ablest member of that ill-fated expedi-
ton, and the loyal aud trusted adviser of its
commanders, in fights with the Portuguese,
III negotiations with them, in the manage.
ment of the Spaniards who found them
selves deserted by their sovereign, in pre-
serving the loyalty of some of them un,ler
very trying circumstances, ana IN atranSHnT
for their return home. He then wrote II
most interesting account of the Loaysn ex-
petition.
Urdnneta. when he reached his nltiv6
country after an absence Of many years, ia
navIgnted through Magellan's strait, had
crossed the PacIhc, had Become we'll ac-
quainted with the eastern archipelago, and
had clrcumnavigated the globe, though not
in one ship He continued to serve his
country in varions capacities and eventually
went out to Mexico. AS his age advanced.
he took a serious view Of life, and became
a monk in the Franciscan convent,
In 1854 it was resolved to send al impOr-
tant expedition from Mexico, to take pos
session of the Philippine islands, the COM
mand being given to Don Miguel Lopez de
Legaspi. Although Urdaneta was nov in his
sixty-seventh year, and bad become a monk;
it WAS felt that there was no MAJ 50 fit for
the post Of chief pilot of Le9asp''s feet, AMI
even II royal request reached him. Refusal
was not possible, and Urdanetn sailed us
chief pilot.
The expedition was q complete success,
and the Philippines became aSpnnish colony,
but that success was dependent on trade
with Mexico, and the old question of a re-