Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1913-04-04
and diseases are usually not present
or they are readily controlled
r,,rrartS

~ eh~y 80 fNFHfty kShNfN''NN' 4
currar,s.
The cnrraut nrusl nave q moist, cool
soil. The lrSi results are got on
strong clay luani or even on 4 stih
clay II It Is III u good state Of cnltiva'
tion. A cooi uur,neru exposure Is best.
and comparatively low. moist ground,
with some shade. VIII often ne most
desirable liautIns among orchard
trees is prarucanis
iozrp nlafts VIII furnish suiiieient
fruIl fur the ordinary tamlly, fhey
shanld not be set ont along fence rows
and allowed TO grow up ~ weeds and
grass Large q,fantines OF bafnyard
manure should oe worked INTO the site
before ana aftoi setting the plants
Plants.
Currants can be grown from seed,
but the metned ls not used except ny
the plant bfeeder. i'laiils are usually
procured from nurserynen
Tue plauis used are grown from cut
rnss OF the rIpened wood OF from lay.
erlnga The cuttings are made from
the current seasons wood IN August
or September after the ieayes nave
fallen. These are made seven or
eigh, inches iong and are planted In
well prepared garden soil With only
an inch ulDve ground, four inches
apart. In rows three feei apart By
winter root growth viii have started,
and 10 the spring they viii start off
and grow strongly. They should be
kept well cultivated In the growing
season to conserve the moisture They
are sometimes planted when one year
old. but the best results viii be OBJ
tanned By allowing them TO grow for
two seasons before setting
The branches may be rooted by
bending them down and covering With
soil, leaving the tips exposed. After
enc season they should be cut loose,
lifted and grown In nursery rows for
one season before being planted out
They are also tayered successfully BY
cutting off The Chimp. encouraging as
many young shoots as possible and
then moundlng soil IN ana about them
10 neigh; Of eight OF ten inches.
Planting.
In large plantations the best plan Is
the cheek system. Use single plant
to establish hill and plant i by feet
for best results Where continuous
rows are nSed the plants should stand
315 OF by feet.
Cultivation and MuIchna.
The currant must not be cultivated
deeply, tor 1t is Il shallow rooted plant.
The necessary moisture must be main
tanned by continual surface cultivation
or by mulching.
Ashes. sawdust. straw and manure
are used tor mulching. Hardwood
sawdust, If not worked into the soil. Is
probably the best Apply TO depth
tends TO keep n supply OF plant food
always at hand The best method of
tbulehing is 10 contine the application
to the hills and within the row. where
the continuous row is used The space
betwec the rows Is cultivated.
Pruning and Thinning.
TIE plants probably produce the best
fruit aud the larger portion Of it on
the two and three yenr old wood.
In practical Geld culture four to
eight main stems are allowed 10 devel-
OF. and system OF renewing by cut.
ting out the wood over three years old
is followed The greater part of the
fruit IL borne near the base or the
shoots. For this reason It is advan-
tageous TO nip back the growing shoots
In the summer season when they have
reached about eighteen inches,
Harvesting and Marketing.
The curraniS. II to be sold should
never he stripped when one is picking
The stems OF the lunches should be
cleaniy severed from the branches.
The fruit is said TO make better Jelly
when picked Just as the currants are
ripening and while the fruits on the
tips of the lunches are green.
Winter Protection.
Cnrrants viii! nsnaliy be sufficiently
pTbtHtttu III tue HOItHNtSt II Tue
branches are simply gathered up ana
tied In u bundle.
Pests and Diseases.
Tue greatest pests OF the currant are
the curraut worm. currant horer. leaf
spot and mi,dew. Directions for con
trolling them may be obtained from
any agricultural experiment station.
Goose berries,
The SooSeberry Is closely related to
tire currant II is largely used green
for sauce. for pies and for canning
For jam nnd preserves it is usually
preferred ripe
The cultivated sorts are derived
from European sources. the native
wild species and hybrids OF these Spe
cieS. those OF European aud hybrid
species are larger ana heavier bearers.
but are more susceptible to mlidcw
However this once jnsuperabie foe rs
now readily controlled 10y proper meth
obs OF planting. cultlvating ma spray
ting
The gooSeherry Is generally quite