davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26
elves definitely and dcterminedly with

elves definitely and determinedly with
respect TO their bill.
This is the true history, in brief, OF
the origin of the split in the Repub'
licnn party. Senators Dolliver, Cum
Minis, La Toilette, and others who have
become noted recently for their pro
gressivc views, took definite stands
upon the tariff at that session, insist.
ing that good faith should be kept with
the people upon the promises OF the Re
publican National platform. That de
mand for good faith was ridiculed, and
when attention was called TO the fact
that there had been campaign speeches
(referring to President Taft g speeches
without naming him) promising down
ward revision OF the tariff, it was con-
temptuousIy asked in the Senate who
it was who had made these promises
and by what authority.
The attempt, therefore, TO trace the
origin Of the split in the Republican
party to Capnouism is n mistake. This
is all the more evident from the fact
that progressiveuess has never had any
marked standing or exponent in the
House, the public and official phase Of
The progressive movement being con-
fined almost altogether TO the Senate.
As long as we are considering these
questions, at all, it is well to consider
them from the proper standpoint, and
to give the facts when the question is
4
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The general commercial agencies re-
port fundamental business conditions
tisfactory, with some irrcgularity in
trade reports by reason Of tariff pos
sibilities. The securities market has
displayed uncertainty, and financial
feeling Is swayed to some extent by
reason Of the Balkan situation. Rain
and snow have been widely distributed
this being beneficial to winters .sown ce-
reals. Current reports from leading
mercantile and industrial centers arc
especially cheerful, both as TO present
operations and tho immediate out.
look
Foreign demand for gold (including
heavy shipments to South America) con
tinued a feature in Now York, with
considerable exports. But money rates
are easy and money is abundant.
The Boston wool market reports A
firm tone, with q strong situation. The
supplies of wool arc scaut. aud with
the law of supply and demand in full
operation, unrestraiued by any tariff
talk, there would be no doubt Of sd'
vancing prices. London wool sales dis
posed Of 10,175 bales at prices prac'
tically FIVE per cont over tho Novem.
ber averages. Americans purchased q
few lots OF fine and medium cross grade
wool.
The steel prices held up on thc
market well against considerable pres.
sure. There is n strong situation in
business, industry. and finance, and tho
year proceeds under tho most cheerful
auspices
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

with better facilities and weather from
now on there should be such an in
crease in ore shipments as to compen-
safe for tho present limitations. The
mines generally of Utah are In first
class physical condition, but there re-
mains almost complete lack Of pros
pocting for new lodes.
Meetings Of several copper propo-
sitions within the near future, espec'
tally the so-called porphyry compan'
les, are scheduled for the purpose OF
taking dividend action. The old divi-
depdspayers are considering an in
crease in payments owing to accu-
INFLATED earnings, while the new COM
panies, such as Chino and Ray Con-
sciidated, are to launch upon their
dividend career within Tbe near fu-
turc.
Lead and spelter are holding firmly
TO the average range Of the month I;
silver is only slightly changed.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

Governor Suizer pardoned Brandt on
condition that Brandt will not 20 upon
the stage and will not write or talk
about the case Mere fustian. For
after Brandt leaves the prison it would
Do impossible to put him back into it if
he Violated every condition of the par.
don. And. as Brandt attempted to gain
his freedom through smirching wo.
man S name and honor, it is not in the
least likely that he would hold himself
bound by the Governor conditions
once he is free.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26
HOW THE UPHEAvAL BEGAN.

There is In the Eastern press more
or less comment upon former Speaker
Cannon recent speeches in Congress
and otherwise, which are called "fare-
well speeches. or Eswan songs
These speeches are generally commend
ed for their shrewdness, their keen po-
litical insight, and their remarkable
felicity of expression But comment is
made upon Mr.. Cannon that "'he might
have saved the Republican party from
the disruption that has come to it had
he been a bigger and broader man. -
And further it is held that ''Repub-
lican insurgency began four years ago
in the revolt against Cannonism in the
House,
There is q good deal Of pertineuce
in both Of these statements or conclu.
sions, but not as applied to the split
in the Republican party. 1t is true
that the tactics Of Speaker Cannon in
the House gave very great offense to
large numbers of the membership; but
1t is not true that that offense took on
anything like the Progressive split that
has come within the past three years.
The revolt against Speaker Cannon in
the House was personal very largely,
and that part of it which was not per.
sonal was revolt against methods, re-
strictions, and rules which were for
mulated by the House and enforced
with perhaps too much rigor by Speak
er Cannon, Members felt themselves
hampered, and struck for freedom. There
was in fact nothing in that revolt In
the least degree leading towards a new
political party or progression as devel-
oped by later events.
The true origin Of the split in the Re
publican party can be easily traced.
That origin is found in the action OF
the Senate in the special session called
by President Taft soon after he took
Office, and which lasted through the
summer of 1909. President Taft had
declared in his speeches that the prom
ise in the Republican platform Of 1908
to revise the tariff meant that tho tar
iff was to be revised downward. This
promise was fairly conceded by the
House, which did in fact at that spe.
cial session make revision of the tar.
! III on the downward basis. But when
the House bill came to the Senate,
that body proceeded to reconstruct the
revision of the House on lines wholly
its own, and very largely on an upward
in place Of downward scale. The cot
ton schedule was enormously increased
in rates on a number Of the items con-
tanned therein; and so On on many lines.
There was scarcely trace OF revision
downward when the Senate got through
With the bill. and the special interests
were favored to sensational and
shameful extent, The cotton manufac"
turers of Rhode Island were cared for
as never before by Senator Aldrich,
who was in charge Of the bill.
This Senate revision was denounced
| by a number Of the Senators as a
measure Of bad faith and of broken
promises. At the last President Taft
himself came into the fight, Insisting
that there should be at least some meas
ure Of reduction III the tariff; but his
insiStenee had little effect upon the
stubborn Senate, other than TO add
leather to the free list, for by that
J time the Senators had ranged them
EMF HVEHS1X
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

New York Tribune: "The death OF
Zobehr Pacha few days ago was per
mitted to pass with only brief and per
functory mention. Yet within the mem
oYy Of this generation be loomed large
10 the history of the world. the fate OF
Gordou OF khartoum depending upon
whether Mr.. Gladstone would or would
not, at his request send him (Zobehr)
ss an aid. Mr.. Gladstone finally re
fused, and thus the death of Gordon
the soaking Of Rhartoum and wears OF
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

Topeka State Journal: ''Some
legislators wonder why the people gen.
orally have SO little confidence in the
ability of legislatures to fulfill their
functions in an adequate fashion. Here
Is one reason. To protect themselves
from the snares of lobbyists, the wise
men IN the lower branch Of the Mis-
eourf legislature have passed resolu
ton requiring lobbyists appearing in
their august presence to wear red hats
green tics and blue shirts. -
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

tensihed by its subsequent failure to
nominate the machine ticket at the pri-
mary. II developed into a malignant
fever when the Commission named B
f. Grant as Chief of Police. 1t has
now become a chronic ailment, which
time cannot assuage nor cosmetics con-
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

Chairman Underwood Of the House
Ways and Means Committee declares
with some heat that the Democrats
don't Intend to do anything that will
destroy or even injure business; they
Will do nothing to disturb prosperity,
he insists. Well, then, what is all the
row about II he will stick to that
the country will be content.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The Congressional appropriations in
the agricultural bill amounts to $l7,-
595,275. Rightly expended. that ought
to bring results; and there is room for
the profitable expenditure in this coun-
fry of a good deal more money than
that in the Improvement of the agricul.
ture of the United States.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

Helen Gould Shepard signed to
checks for charitable and philanthropic
work will be just as effective as the
Helen Gould checks have been hereto
fore And it is pleasant to know that
there will be no cessation of them.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

"R. A. F." at Bingham asks;
" Which country. the United States or
Canada, refused the proposed reci-
procity agreement between the two
countries?' Canada.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The dry farmers of Utah declare
against 'land sharks Good, Let
them make that declaration practical
by asking the legislature to pass a
law which will embody their views aud
assure needed relief
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

That is spectacular shipment OF
American gold coin to South America.
But we can spare 1t. This country has
long been the great gold reservoir for
the world. TO be tapped freely al will.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The Boston Traveller thus sizes up "A
point ''It is not Welsh rabbit that
hurts, no matter what DR.. Benedict may
say. IT, the habit that some people
have of calling It Welsh rarebit That
is indisestIble.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

Ono or two generations Of training
is what Senator O O'Gorman Of New
York thinks the Filipinos require be-
fore independence is accorded to them.
And all other Democrats would do we'll
20 align themselves with him on that
ouacf,op
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

It's all very we'll to devise n short
ballot, but IL shouldn 4 be so short as
TO destroy popular control over
officials.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The Sickles family row has led 10
the arrest OF the old General on a
charge Of failing to account for a
monument fund of S2s,476 Such an
end to career of patriotic fame The
nitY of IL,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

a reader Of The Tribune asks: ''ls
Mayor Samuel @. Park of Salt Lake
City elected for two or four years?"
Four years.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

The legislature of Utah is lucky in
one thing; 1t doesn t have Senator
to aleCt
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1913-01-26

blood and FIRE in the Soudan,' were
brought to pass.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1913-06-13


have to go bad-and won't. But l
will be happy. l can't go to that
dance hall because he might be there
and II was afraid to let him call,
and he was mad. I'll go to, new
place"
Someone knocked on the door.
Gertrude stared at it motionlessly.
No one ever visited her. The handle
turned softly and a girl near her own
age entered.
Pardon me-" she said. 81 sup
pose you'll think Pm awfuIly fresh,
but 1 haven't been in town long and
I haven't any friends, and the con-
Germ gave me two tickets to the Or
chestra for tonight. II know it's
awfuIly boresome music like rag
time best-but got to use the tick
cts, and I thought, maybe-but
you're going out, aren't your"
Gertrude sank down on the bed.
Something just broke in her heart
and she buried her face on the pillow
while her slim young body wracked
itself with sobs.
ooh, what's the matter?" the Wis
itor asked.
cts that-that- don't you hear
it," Gertrude demanded, hysterical-
ly, pointing to the radiator. "It says
the same thing every night until I'm
going crazy. 1t says: I'm lonely
Pm lonely"
The visitor looked frightened, then
her eyes grew moist.
What do you know about that?"
she said, with an attempt at laugh
ter that broke curiously. my crazy
radiator says the same thing-at
least it did until made faces at it.
Wouldn't you like to go tonight? It's
tame, but we can get an ice cream
soda on the way down and call it a
picnic. Oh, wish you'd be friends
with me! You're so pretty and 1 just
want to chum with you"
Gertrude dabbed at her eyes and
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1913-06-13

Washington. = President Wilson
will accompany Mrs. Wilson and
daughters to summer capital at Cor
nish, N. H, June 20, returning to
Washington July z.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
BOARD WOULD HAVE
COVER 6SfFAff}NS
STREET RAILWAY COMPANY Is
ASKED TO GIVE PUBLIC SOME
CONVENTENCtsS.

Besides a lot Of routine work. the
administrative board yesterday MORN
ing passed several resolutions tending
To the advantage OF the citizens gem
orally
Commissioner Mccarthy moved
that the street ear con panics be re-
CURED to AFFORD shelter stations at
the main transfer points 81 That the
citizens might at any time be protect
ed from rain. snow or sunshine while
waiting for tho coming car.
He also offered & resolution direct
ing the city engineer to look into the
cost Of constructing pSbiic comfort
stations underground. at Seventh and
Broad, Main and Ninth, Main and
Laurel. and other points which might
be convenient 10 the public.
Theee two resolutions were adopted
without a dissenting vote.
Following this Commissioner
flirschberg resolved that the Virginia
Railway and Power company hs com
PEELED to proceed N the work on
Broad street, from Seventh street
west, with as great CELEBRITY as pos
sible 50 thar the cuntr 9et"r may
continue his work Of smooth paw
ing
The shelter stations referred TO NJ
the resolution mentioned Broad and
First, Broad and Seventh, Beech and
Main and other points which may be
suggested by ne company.
The contract for erecting 4 tenn
porarv market In the lot at Figh
teenth and Grace streets. known as
TIE Seebroak warehouse lot, WAS given
r. &. Woodward contractor who agrees
to complete the structure in ninety
days at the cost Of $2,4oo.
y-gts h1
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17

4tAAtF itNtF*AL 81 ~ ae@ -
kinson's Glass Of Expression was sue
cessfully given in her home on Chin
borazo Park, Tuesday afternoon from
to o'clock The home was pref
tHy decorated IN palms. ferns, potted
plants. and pink shaded candeahras.
The guests included the parents of the
children taking part in The unusually
attractive program, ahich was as fol-
lows.
Monologue--~'.The Optimjst Miss
Alice Goode.
The"Dark Brown Diplomat" tdiaieet1--
Miss Elizabeth Goode.
NV hos Afraid Miss Edith Reams
"At the Matinee tmongiugue5 Miss
Eugeuia Jobson
THE Suburhanites" Miss Rae Reams.
Violin solo-Miss Elsie Satterfeld.
Burial Of Moses Miss Alma Adkins,
Aunt Katrlna's Visit To New YORK
tdialect4 Miss Marie Grubbs.
The ChiIdren's Hour-Miss Louise
Steinbach
.Entertaining the New Minister"
! tmonologue)-M iss Margaret Sorg.
Irish Girl at the ephone"-M Miss I-u-
! cile Palmatary
! Jimmie Browns Prompt obedience -
! Miss Dallas burroughs, N'fllag b.
/ Smith. Miss Annie Wetzei
! Aunt Minve at the Circus" tdiaiectl ---
Miss Fannie Satterdeld.
! Miss Elsie Satterdeld rendered sew
eral selections on the violin accom-
panied by her mother. Mrs. John Sat-
d terGeld on the piano. Miss Fannie
! S@tter6eld also sang several times.
adding much To the enjoyment 81 the
i afternoon. After the program dainty
refreshments were served
Mr. Garter. Of Louisiana, former
resident Ct this city is visiting h;s
sister Mrs VIII ford, Of North Thirty
second street This liz Mr. Carriers
drst visit TO his native city in twenty
seven years, and the chances are prov
ing most interesting TO him,
Mis-. Helen Twiford Of Norfolk who
J has been the guest Of Mrs Sarah PateS.
! of Tvepty-foUrth and Marshall streets.
returned 10 her home on Monday
! Mrs K. \ Goo1e. Of fhsmbura 30
/ Park continues quite SICK i'm her home
I Mr.. and Mrs Butler. of Twenty
| second and Marshall who have been
/ The quests Of he formers relatives IN
| IUTay have returned home
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
To &c HEARD On
CUSTOMS MATTER
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. WILL,
SEND DELEGATION TO SEE
TREASURY DEPARTMENT

The Chamber Of Commerce hus
taken Il hand in tho movement m
angurated by the United States gov
eminent looking 20 the consolidation
Of customs houses throughout tho
country, and will endeavpr to see that
Richmond is not lost In the shuttle.
Secretary r. A. Durdan has com
municated with Corgrnsan.4n .Jonn
Lamb. requesting him o r.. . the sec
rotary Of the treasury. within whose
province customs house matters
come, and arrange for q hearing for
a delegation OF Interested i;ichncnd
business men, and az soon. az con
s>s,e sa.ssas21 "a Tsi}s vsr, FIJI str rserfs.
sary announcements President C'arrifle
ten will appoint the delegation from
the chamber to wait on the official.
While officials OF he chamber dc
not anticipate that there is anr dtn-
ger Of Richmond Ios ng 1ut n the
conS0 'idattor movement with the
figures staring the treasury dapart-
mont IN the face, yet they believe il
wise 10 be on the safe side. The
figures for last year-the treasury
DEPARTMENTS own official figures
show that tho customs duties collect
ed NJ Richmond amounted Ia u per
cert more than the duties collected
al Norfolk, Newport News and Pc
tersbnrg combined and they are
showing an appreciahle increase with
every months report 1t Is believed
that II is the plan OF the government
to MAKE Richmond the port OF entry
for Virginia and have deputy collec-
tors at Norfolk and Newport News for
the purpose of clearing ships and
such minor duties as would fall to
their lot.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
ARRANGE COFFEE
SALE IN LONDON
MEETS THERE Te
= . %. r. q
DISPOSE OF BRAZIL
PRODUCT HERE

WASHINGTON. Jan. l6-informa-
ttuu was received in Washington that
he coffee VaioI:zation committee which
has charge VI executing the agreement
for the safe In tie United States Of
nine hundred thousand bags OF coffee
under proceedings originally brought
bv Attorney -teneIal Wichcrsham, met
ia London TO-DAY 10 arrange for the
sale of the coffee.
The sale is 10 be held under diplo-
r1au, agreement arrived at between
secretary Knox and the Brazilian gov
eminent. The agreement, IL is stated
} are. provides that IN the future Brazil
shall not store large quantities of cot
Tee IN the United States, and it is be-
1itvef here chat Brazil Will now shift
her storage ground from the United
s-sutt& 10 an4ua, Whether Cr not
tLtuIe department Of justice or state
S,a etfntCut will be aide to meet the
contingency 0f Rra2i storing uiillm-
4lea Quantities just outside the border
OF The United States, and keeping up
The rIice AT will is question that
the pa SEM administration is not will
Tx 20 discuss,
The understanding r. That the valor-
cation committee viii arrange for the
lisp s1tlcn Of an the coffee now in the
possession CT the department Of justice
by about May LIST. but. of course, there
will te no .ntin1ation as to the dates
OF rutting he coffee on the market.
The department expects that the
Norris h'll. which will cover cases Ike
that Of he Brazilian coffee, and other
pro ducts frc7n foreign countries stored
ia the sam" way 10 affect the price
~ emmoluI4s IN the United States
win he sufficient Il make exploita
ton Of the ma.bft by foreigners impos-
Eibka
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
APPEALS HEARD IN
THE SUPREME COURT

The State Supreme court heard
argument IN the following cases set
for yesterdays docket.
Kincheloe Ell ais VS.. Gibson ct ais.
Argued by Keith e. Richards. for ao-
pellan .. and by John s Barbour, for
appcllees, and submitted.
Cornell VS.. Forbes. Partly argued
and continued until tomorrow
The next cases TO be called are:
jackson. by, &c. VS.. Hewlett ct ais.
Pennington. receiver, etc, US. Third
National bank Of Georgia. kabier ys.
Spencers administrator ct ais. Jordan
L. Tsller va Walker
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17

.larod they VIII march In the mons
division.
The general committee was cheered
by the news today that a delegation
If women from Australia Will march
in the parade and also that group II
notable woman physicians from every
section II country will appear. It is
hoped that a number OF women bands
win furnish the music and arrange
DentS are now being made to bring =
famous womans band from Chicago.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
Fi0bson VIII arade
With Suffragettes

WASHINGTON. Jan 16.-Repre-
sentative Richmond Pearson Hobson
has announced that he will lead a
battalion of masculine believers in
votes for women In the Washington
suffrage parade Of March Sd Mr.
Fohson will not he the only congress-
man marching in the parade. how
ever. as both Senator Elect Shafrnth,
of Colorado, and representative r.. r.
Taylor also from that State. have de-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17

patine whieh promises from all In
dicatious 30 he me1e popular than ever
this coming season. used Tor this
smart froei6 @ith its vest Of white.
eud. collar IT black satin Tic model
Is an accordingly pretty one, having
the new boiero erect and Just enough
pleats 70 give ease In walking.
The costume was made from Mccall
Pattern for Ladies' Waist No. 5095 cut
IN seven sizes from thirty-two tn
forty -four inches 4Mst measure, and
Ladies' skirt NO s0s7 cut In seven
sizcs from TIVE nty-two TO thirty-four
inches waist measure. Price. lb cents
each.
For sale la Richmond, Va. by
YknfhEtuer Bros.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
CHURCH HILL NEWS

m BE- St the Church Hm
Bank or 'phoneI o Madson 1885.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-01-17
aug Ia fSaT'~y.

So tt,o sn,sr. yV,drea - c,nofry ~
Saa,,,sf.,, t,..aGlng u.ben Miss Mabel
- aa..ernter ~ Mr. and RS
~ x.a..rr5-.,,, ,,a,..,,,a M hrt.34
- w. 49,, tt.iiey eon ~ Ms
ra.ifev ~ Norm Carnline The
e-,,[,,,o-,,,. ,t.,e ,,erfnr,nc5 Nv Key Or
= ~ e,al,,~,,st., rol.,nr 1r f,hrf.t
1nt ,rhe [Terre.l ms decorated
win paln1s ascension lilies and cathe-
49, ' p'', qyha ma sntared with
~, go, r.h,,,- sb. ,,,.,s given
80, 80 NC ~ az t6s mar ~ tht
ar Mr. Bav-
80 - lsraceIi,o me hri1e
49, hor,r Ms tfasnor
Y,a,t - 80. st.sr ana f,ea
80. "a, - 5tl.g.s ,,,tee ION
49,, I1'o So. i>r3eI,,,e Gejnttly A.
81, ,var5< fvo,ls Af..sara
stsl s9 -, tf.r4. vt,lss r.tsufI,,
I.,@sarf., stsfs r3ra,7s, van,ttyent..r,
- - ...s,1-.14 as xrit{,a,.,
- ss.S'A" SO >'''s' =
~. 80 - IN l4a+.fsito Gown
-, trir.,r,od A., raa1
- --.,,e,., ,,,il, - errav
20 -. ,.l,.ssl.,, IA .b. rarried a
y :" al,.i
~, 80 tqnasaroa
hlss '7i'i',,i ,tg,l,,..,,..,.
se,.r, ma ,s,,t,stf
Hhc
asT. 5t' sss. A,fttt,,..
Fo'4S,"' ''t -. BRIDE
- P'iU'' ,- -. ,r,ne a,,.
nome ~ - t'i17N'' -
tre tower H0f ,-',,l - -.
cef'sio'' i1..7s - go, s,,t.ar Nfr