Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1913-05-16

AAoAAE 1GHHCCLn lnC AIOEN WOn7
derful, waterworks system in
W. the world will be completed
and placed In operation in the
course of this month by the City Of
Los Angeles, Cal. The Aqueduct,
with its system of FIVE storage reser-
voirs, is 235 miles in length, and is
designed to carry daily supply of
25S,OO0,00O gallons from the Sierra
Nevada mountains southwark across
the great Mojave desert, under the
Sierra Madre range and into the San
Fernando valley, twenty-five miles
northwest Of the city From here the
water needed for domestic consump-
ton will be carried in six-foot steel
pipe into the city's present distribu-
ton mains The system comprises the
longest aqueduct in the world
The project was inauguTated in
1905, and since 1908 an army of 5000
men have been steadily employed
night and day in its construction. On
the desolate and subscribed desert
the summer temperatures have
ranged as high as 100 degrees f. In
fact, one Of the great problems has
been to provide the men and animals
with food and wafer and proper ae-
commodations to withstand the china
tic conditions
OF Various Forms.
The Los Angeles Aqueduct, as it is
called, is Of various forms and de-
signs. The first twenty-five miles is
unlined open canal, the following
thirty-eight miles Is an Ran ditch, and
the remainder is In covered concrete
conduit, tunnels, and concrete and
riveted steel siphons. the latter being
used to carry the water across deep
canyons, or valleys. More than fifty
three miles of the aqueduct is com
posed OF tunnels driven through solid
grarite, the longest being the Eliza
beth tunnel, under tho Sierra Madre
mountains, with length of Eve miles.
The system of four storage reservoirs
provides for the impoundins Of fifty
billion gallons. which, at the rate of
the city's present daily consumption,
would be sufficient to supply the NUM-
cipality for three years.
Much Of the work has been done
from five to thirty-fve miles from any
railroad. Preliminary to the construc-
ton of the aqueduct it was neces-
sary to build 800 miles OF roads and
trails, four water systems with 100
miles Of mains, three hydro-electric
power plants, telephone system $50
miles long, standard gauge steam
railroad 100 miles into the Mojave
desert, and a cement mill costing
$S75,00O. With the exception of one
small contract for nine miles of con-
Quits and tunnels, the entire work
has been done by the city.
The system is gravity one through
out, the intake being at an elevation
Of 1872 feet above sea-level, and the
elevation of Los Angeles being on an
average only 276 feet. The cost of
he work has been $20,OOO.000, exclu-
tive Of any power development. BY /
the flow of the aqueduct
It its outlet during he rainy season
/ will be possible to deliver more
han SO0,000,0O0 gallons daily during
he dry season-April Is to October Is
lin which no rain falls. This is
much more than sufficient to meet the
tally requirements of the City Of
london. As the City Of Los Angeles
las a present population OF only 4OO,-
100. and requires but 5O,OOO.OOO gallons
laily, the surplus aqueduct flow for
ong period Of years will be devoted
o the irrigation OF $4,000 acres Of '
range and lemon lands adjacent 20 .
be city.
Chief Features. s
One Of the chief features Of the /
is in the generation Of
ydro-electric energy. There Is fall 4
I 1900 feet in the aQueduct forty I
even miles from the city, with the 4
Of developing l2O,00O,O0O g
or this amount, 1880 \
orse-power are now being developed Y
a cost OF sS,s6O.OOO. The power 4
ouses viii be ready for operation g
-ithin several months after the aq.e- n
uct is placed in operation, and their
utput will be devoted to lighting the
Ity's streets and boulevards. The
esigner and constructor of this great e
ork, which in point Of magnitude .
anks as the third largest hydraulic Q
crk under way in the western hemis- b
here. Is the City's Water Engineer. Il
II. William Hulholland n
The accompanying picture gives Il