The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1913-04-03

Tue mccnhnfcal condition OF soils, rem
dering heavy compact soils looser In
texture and tending to bind particles
OF loose. leachy soils
Lime II also beneficial In furnishing
conditions In the soil favorable TO the
activity OF the mico organisms which
convert the nitrogen OF organic matter
into nitrates which are readily assim-
Hated by plants which decompose or.
eanic matter aud which assist certain
leguminous plants to assimiiate the
free nitrogen Of the air.
One form Of lime Gypsum has been
shown to be a most effective correc
tive OF black alkali
The continued use OF lime unaccom.
panied by other fertilizers may prove
Injurious. especially on poor soils.
since Il converts the insoluble nitro
gen. potash and phosphoric acid com
pounds OF the soil into such as can be
rapidly taken NJ by plants or washed
out In the drainage. thus fastening the
exhaustion OF the supply Of these sub
stances In the soil As the German
adage states. The use Of lime without
manure makes both farm and farmer
poor"
Behavior Toward Lime.
IL has been shown that even upon
many upland and naturally well drain
ed soils apparently In good condition
otherwise. the sOurness (acidityl IL So
great that most varieties OF plants will
not thrive Lime Il the most econom
zeal aud effective substance thus far
used for correcting this condition. Ac-
cording TO experiments made by the
Rhode Island agricultural experiment
station on acid soils In that state. the
plants tested may he classified with
regard 10 their behavior toward lime
as follows Plants benefited by lin.
Ing. spinach. lettuce TALL kinds, beets
(all kinds. okra ,gumbo,. satisfy (veg
etable OYSTER. celery. onion, parsnip.
caulifower. cucumber, eggplant can
taloupe. asparagus. kohlrnbi. cabbage.
dnndelion. Swedish turnip. pepper.
peanut. English or Hat turnip. upland
cress uaprcrgrassl. martynia. rhu
barb, common pea. pumpkin. summer
squash (scH llupcdl, golden wax bean,
red Valentine bean. horticultural pole
bean, bush lima bean. lentil. Hubbard
squash. snltbush. hemp. tobacco. sor-
ghum. alfalfa, clover Cred. white Grim
son and alsikcI. barley. emmer. wheat.
oats. timothy. Kentucky blue grass.
Canada pea. Cuthhert raspberry. goose
berry, currant tWhite Dutch. orange,
ounce. cherry and Burbank japan
plum: plants hut little benefited by
lining. Indian corn. spurry az has
been reported In England that spurry
Is injured by lining. but such results
have not been obtained in Rhode Is
land, rye. carrot. chicory. Rhode Is
land bent and redtop: plants slightly
injured by lining. cotton. tomato. COW
pea tdrummondh Concord grape.
peach. apple and pear; plants dis
tnctly injured 10y lining. lupine. com
mon sorrel ,Rumex acetosellaI. radish.
velvet bean. castor bean. fax. black
berry. black cap raspberry and Gran.
berry.
Frequency OF Lining.
The frequency with which lining
tuoulu ut IIdtll'tu utItuuS, uulbhk
other things. upon the character OF the
soil and the rate OF application. the
number Of years involved In the rota-
ton practiced. the plants grown ana
their order OF succession. As a gen
ernl rule. II may he stated that from
one-hnlf TO one aud one half tons Of
lime per acre every five or six years Is
sufficient Applications OF two or
three tons may. however. be advisable
In cases OF very acid soils which are
TO be seeded down and are to remain
In grass for several years. The prac
tice OF applying small amounts Of lime
at somewhat frequent intervals Is be
ing generally accepted as preferable
to the use OF large amounts at rare
intervals
Lime combined as carbonate, as In
mari. wood ashes. etc. can usually lie
applied with safety In the spring or at
any other season Of the year. but au.
mmn Is always the safest time 10 ap-
ply caustc or slakcd lime IL is gen