Ladysmith news-budget. [volume] (Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wis.) 1907-1927, 1913-02-14
AUSTRALIA STRICT
Its Labor Laws Are Thorough,
Especially Those For Children.
PROTECTS WOMEN WORKERS.
Overtime Is In Nearly All the States
Placed at the Rate of Time and
Half-Definition of the Word "Fac-
tory" Is Broad and Unique.


The maximum working period for
women and children in all the Austria
liam states is forty eight hours a week.
This includes boys under sixteen in
all states but one and in New Zealand.
Three Of the states specify further
that no women or boys under sixteen
shall work more than ten hours in any
one day. For Western Australia the
allowance is eight hours and forty-fve
minutes and for New Zealand eight
hours and fifteen minutes, says George
A. Dorsey in the Chicago Tribune.
All the states of the commonwealth
set five as the maximum number of
hours of continuous labor, New Yea
land four and one-half. All demand an
interval of at least half an hour be-
tween working periods. South Austria
liza and Tasmania have increased that
period to one hour.
All states restrict the hours during
which children may work. Prohibited
hours in New South Wales are from 1
p. m. to 6. a. M. for girls under eight
cen and boys under sixteen. New Yea
| land goes further, forbdding women to
work in factories between p. m. and
s a. m. and boys under sixteen from 6
p. m. to 40 a. m.
| Overtime is delimited in all states
and the pay is stipulated. The limit
Of overtime q day is generally three
hours, per week from one to three days,
per year from 100 hours to forty days.
| Overtime is paid for at the rate Of one
and a half ordinary time or there
abouts.
Every state restricts and prohibits
the employment Of women and children
in dangerous trades. Typesetting is
generally prohibited for boys and girls
under fourteen, in New South Wales
under sixteen. Dry grinding and match
dipping is prohibited for boys and girls
under sixteen, in Victoria under eight
cen. The manufacture of tiles and
bricks and the making and finishing Of
salt is prohibited for girls under sin
teen, in New South Wales and Victoria
under eighteen. The melting or am
healing of glass is prohibited in New
South Wales for boys under sixteen
and girls under eighteen, in Tasmania
for both boys and girls. Eighteen for
both sexes is the prevailing restricting
age for the silvering of mirrors by the
mercurial process and the manufacture
of white lead.
All females and boys under eighteen
| I'm, oil CD lint
from cleaning machinery, mill gearing,
etc, while it is in motion. In four
states no female or boy under sixteen
is allowed to operate an elevator.
The restrictive features of the laws
relating to shops as distinguished from
factories are as follows: The maximum
hours Of employment a week in New
South Wales for girls under eighteen
and boys under sixteen is fifty-two
hours; in Victoria, Queensland and
Tasmania, for females and boys UNI
der sixteen, fifty-two hours; then in
Western Australia, all persons, fifty
six hours; in New Zealand for females
and boys under eighteen, fifty-two
hours. In no state nor in New Zealand
are girls or boys under sixteen, in New
South Wales and New Zealand girls
under eighteen, allowed to work more
than nine or nine and one-half hours
except on one day Of the week. The
maximum time for continuous work
and the interval between work periods
is practically the same as in the regu-
| lations applying to factories.
All states except Tasmania set 9
o'clock as the general closing time on
four days of the week; on Saturday,
| o'clock. New Zealand eXempts only
shops concerned with the sale of food.
All states but South Australia require
that there shall be one seat for every
! three females in each shop. The New
| Zealand law reads, "Thcre shall be real
sonable sitting accommodations for fe-
males"
l shall now consider certain details Of
the latest and most effective of the
Australian factories and shops acts
that of New South Wales, which, as
amended, became operative on Jan. ],
1910 "BakehOuSe," as recently inter
preted, means any place in which
bread, pastry, SweetmeatS or Sugared
goods are made or baked for sale. It
also includes any place or room used in
connection with the bakehOuSe for StOr-
ing such food when baked or to be
baked, or any material to be used for
the manufacture of such food TO he
baked. Child" means any person I'M
der II.
The word factory" is given an equai-
ly broad and definite definition. 1t in
cludes laundries and dye works, any
office or place in which one or more
Chinese work, any place or building
where steam or other mechanical pow
err or appliance is used in manufacture
ing or packing goods for transit or in
generating electricity, water power or
any other power, or any bakehousc.
"NIill gearing" is defined to include
any shaft, wheel, drum, pulley, belt,
rope or chain by which the motion OF
the first moving power is commitment