davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Il has become an axiom, with some
dairy men, that the best results are
obtainable only with the best breeds
of animals. But success with such
animals implies also the best manage
ment; and not every beginner Is capa-
bic Of the skillful handling necessary
with high-bred cows. The higher we
yet in the scale OF animal life the
more delicate the animal mechanism
becomes, and the greater the need OF
wisdom in the human agency which
controls its movements. It - Ions
time before baby can care TOT itsel1
as we'll as can q bronco colt at one
day old. A bronco colt can stand
more simple hardship and abuse than
can a colt from q STANDARDIZED trot-
ting mare or high-class draft AMI
NAL; but the bronco Will never have
the great speed. at the trot. Of tho
standardized. nor will It grow large
enough to have the power OF the
drafter. The scrubby native cow can
stand more hardship and abuse than
a highly-developed dairy cow capable
OF doing great work, and the latter
loses her superior commercial value IN
unfavorable surroundings and under
unfavorable treatment.
It is found. therefore, that success
in dairying depends as much on the
kind Of care and management be-
slowed on the herd, as upon the
breed. Care and management are. for
this reason, given the first considera-
ton here. These should include a
much greater degree Of attention to
the comfort Of the animals than Is
ordinarily bestowed. In fact, 1t can
be demonstrated that the nearer we
come to applying the Golden Rule
to the treatment of the dairy herd,
and treating its members as we would
like to be treated, tho larger will be
the satisfaction and rewards OF dairy
ing.
These are the touchstones OF sue
cess. When the cow is comfortable
and contented, she responds with
flow Of milk far In excess OF that
which she gives when she has been
uncomfortable and irritated.
Everybody knows that In June
weather cows give larger amount Of
milk than In cold and wintfy weather.
If we aim to produce, all the rest OF
the year, in stall and barn, conditions
% nearly as possible like those OF June
lin warmth. light, freedom from
nies. etc, with succulent food in the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
BY r. HARTZELL.

however. not q matter OF chance.
situations In which dead weeds or
grasses abound or where leaves from
trees collect, provide the very best
conditions for the wintering OF the
leaf-hoppers. The proximity Of por-
tions Of the vineyard to gratis fields,
grassy headlands. wooded banks Of q
stream, blackberries and raspberries
determine the relative amount Of
leaf-hopper Injury to the vines.
While the rymphs and adults Of the
summer brood inflict much injury,
owing to numbers, considerable dam
age 10 done by the ALTERNATING adults
In the spring since they attack the
young foliage causing following OF
the leaves. This damage to the young
grape foliage by the adults is needless.
however, and can largely be prevented
by Burning over the winter quarters
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
NOTES OF THE SHEEPFOLD.

Sheep must play an important part
In the restoration of fertility to the
worn-out grain raising areas of the
country.
A common error of the inexperi-
enced feeder is failure to provide good
shelter. Lambs cannot make good
gains with wet feet nor soggy fieeces.
One man can feed 400 lambs to a
finish between fall and spring more
easily than he can feed, milk and
clean up after ten dairy cows.
Avoid crowding the lambs in the
feeding quarters. They need lot OF
room on account Of their natural
habit Of scrowding.
The ram should be In perfect con-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
MANAGEMENT OF THE DAIRY HERD,
Great as Have Been Our Successes. the Methods
Of Our Average Dairy Farmer Are Yet crude
and Imperfect.

form of silage and roots 70 replace the
June Grasses-whe shall say that
Bossy viii not make ample returns In
the milk pa1l2 > &
In nothing have most farmers 80
sinned against their herds, probably.
as In the Inadequate shelter pro.
vided them against winters cold
and the hot sun Of summer. Warm.
well-lighted ana ventilated stables are
essential to . high rate OF production
A sanitary barn should have from four
to sin square feet Of wfndow4spacs for
each COW kept. Where COWS are kept
in the stalls much of the time It 10
not unreaeonanis 20 ~ tnae tne barn
snould % hsht enougn for one 70 Fead
IN. COCO ventlasson U essentIai; Dus
II snouia oe . as1&n6so thAt ths eows
shall not De exposed 70 . draught.
while warmth without vontllasion ~
conductive 70 oIssase, vencuasaon Win.
ransa 81 tornnsrstnra rs ina harn
aho,,id ~ kart hSty,Asy, a .wA "a A..
preas n. X s,,r,,nar tns shais.
should n. n,,ilsA do~r. iSse INA yvs,i.
l,ehtad harr hsonrn. tos vsA<m. Thsy
viii a,so kean o,,t ths ti,as n q ,vsil
IN have r,,nrv.sar Az MIN. n Ina door.
wav, ~ that ~ ira enc fa1rAa her
wav throu0h, tha 49, vii b bruahsa
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
KEEPING POULTRY FREE FROM LICE.
Formulae for the Preparations Given Are BY Mr.
r. c. Lawry of Cornell University.

one Of the most difficult and trying
problems which the poultry keeper
has to meet Is that of keeping his
poultry houses and stock reasonably
free from lice. mites and other exter-
nal parasites. There nre many pro-
ptietary preparations on the market
designed to accomplish this end in
one way or another. Most of these
preparations are, In proportion to
their efficiency, very expensive. Indi-
viduals and companies and the agri-
cultural stations who have used the
following, state that vermin on the
poultry or In the houses no longer
cause them any appreciable annoy
ai1ce. ., ....
IN keeping q poultry plant free from
lice there are two points Of attack:
One. the birds themselves; the other,
tho houses, nest boxes, roosting
boards, etc. For tho birds themselves
experience has shown that the best
way to get rid of the lice IL by the
use OF a busting powder to be worked
Into the feathers. In using any kind Of
lice powder on poultry, whether the one
described In this article or some other,
Il should always be remembered that q
single application Of powder IS not
sufficient. When there are lice press
ent on q bird there are always ,ln-
Matched eggs OF lice (''nits'') present
too. Tho proper procedure IL to
follow up a first application Of powder
With second at an interval Of 1 days
70 week. II the birds are badly In
tested at the beginning 1t may be
neosssary to make third application.
70 clean the CRACKS and crevices of
the WOODWORK Of houses and nests OF
lios ana vermin, . liquid spray or
paint Il probably the most desirable
form Of application.
The lice powder, which costs only
few cents pound, ID made In the
following way:
Take parts Of gasoline
] part Of crude carbolic acid.
Mix these together and add gradu-
ally, with stirring, enough plaster OF
paris to take up all the moisture. The
liquid ana the dry plaster should be
thoro ugnly mixed and stirred SO that
the Liquid will be uniformly distrib-
uted through the mass Of plaster.
When enough plaster has been added
the resulting mixture should be dry,
pinkish brown powder having 4 fairly
strong carbolic odor and 4 rather less
pronounced gasoline odor.
Do not use more plaster In mixing
than Is necessary to blot up the liquid.
This powder IL to be worked into the
feathers Of the bids affected with
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

vermin. The bulk Of the application
should be In the fuff around the vent
and on the ventral side Of the body
and In the fluff under the wings. It's
efficiency, which Is greater than that
Of any other lice powder known to
the writer. can be very easily demon
strated by anyone to- his own salts
faction. Take q bird that il covered
with lice and apply the powder IN the
manner just described. After a lapse
Of about q minute, shake the bird.
loosening Ito feathers with the fingers
at the same Time over clean piece
OF paper Dead and dying lice Will
drop on the paper in great numbers.
Anyone who will try this experiment
will have no further doubt of the won
derful efficiency and value Of this
powder.
For a spray OF paint to be applied
to roosting boards, nest boxes or walls
and floor OF the hen houses, the fol-
lowing preparation Is used: 3 parts Of
kerosene and part crude carbolic
acid. This ID stirred up when used
and may be applied with any of the
hand spray pumps or with brush.
In both Of these formulate It Is
highly important that crude carbolic
acid be used instead Of the purified
product. Be sure ana insist to the
druggist on getting crude carbolic
acid. It il dark brown. dirty looking
liquid, and its value depends on the
fact that 1t contains tar oil and tar
bases In addition to the pure phenol
(cafbolic acid). r is
When the pullets are ready to 70
into the laying houses they should be
free from lice. The laying houses
should be given d thorough cleaning.
They should be first scraped, secured
and washed out with water thrown
on the walls and floor with as much
pressure as possible from hose. They
are then given two thorough spray
ings, with an interval OF several days
intervening, with solution Of cresol.
Then roostif1g boards, nests, floors and !
walls to height OF about feet are
Thoroughly sprayed with the lice !
paint (kerosene oil and crude car
bolic acid described above). Finally, |
any yearling, or older birds, whether |
male or female, which are to be kept |
over for the next years work, are |
given two or three successive dustings,
at intervals Of several days to week
between each application, with tho
lice powder described above. before
they are put into the cleaned houses,
AS a result Of these methods the
poultry plant may be, at all times Of
the year, practically tree from lice.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

rieties are not high yielding or OF
desirable quality It would even seem
profitable for growers to continue
desirable strains by selecting those Of
the proper type and yielding sca pacity.
The practice of purchasing seeds from
promiscous retailers often proves
risky business. One need be no
specialist to note that many irregular
types, and low quality, poor yielding
strains are to be found throughout
the cabbage districts This difficulty
can be remedied only by purchasing
from reliable seed houses. or by the
growing Of seed from carefully Sc
lected. home grown stock.
Prof L. r. Jones. of Wisconsin, has
found that various commercial fer
tilizers, as well as soil disinfectants
are wholly useless as preventive agents
for the control of this disease in in
fected soil. For several seasons he
has turned his attention chiefly to-
ward the breeding Of resistant strains
and reports most substantial prog
ress in this direction. In fields planted
with commercial varieties In 1910.
where the disease caused almost an
entire loss, the few naturally resistant
heads were selected. and seed raised
therefrom In 1911. While CONNER
c1al seed planted on infected fields
gave In 1912 only 219o Of living plants,
the cabbage grown from the resist
ant seed developed $500 live plants,
over half Of which formed heads.
Seed produced from the best head
gave $3.50 of properly matured heads
These results show the influence of
careful selection and indicate clearly
the, great possibilities that lie in the
use OF home grown seed Of disease re-
sistant strains.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

The carpet beetle, sometimes erro-
neously called the Buffalo moth, is q
quarter Of an inch or less in length
and covered with stiff brown hairs. It
feeds upon wooden goods and carpets.
often following a crack, under car
pet. The best way to get rid OF it Is
to use rugs instead Of carpets and
keep the floors scrupulously clean.
using benzine or kerosene freely in
the cracks. Insect powders are OF
little use in combating this pest
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

rho cabbage IL native Of western
and southern Europe and has been
used for human food from time i'm
All Of the types Of cabbage
caulif1ower, brussels sprouts, collard and
kale have sprung from the same orig
inal source. The wild type Is still
growing on tho chalk cliffs OF the Eng
lish channel. On the cliffs OF south
eastern England Is now found plant
similar to the Georgia collards.
The cabbage crop is a very import
ant one, large quantities being grown
by farmers and truck gardeners for
the markets Of all the large cities,
where 1t is used largely for immediate
There is always a good
demand in the large cities in late sum-
mer and early fall for cabbage, It
Is very difficult to get data Of the
acreage, yield and average value of
the crop grown by those who cater
to these demands. The prices vary
greatly according to the season and
location. The price per ton, as indi-
Gated by fifteen correspondents cater
ing to the trade Of different cities,
varies from SIS to SIS. During the
past few years, considerable stimulus
has been given the growing Of cab
bage, through the sauerkraut factor
les. many Of which contract at fair
prices for the entire output Of cab
bage.
Many growers maintain that a cab
bage crop Of nine tons per acre is a
better paying crop than corn, wheat
or oats under fair yields.
In some sections near the large
markets. many growers have been
driven out of business. SO far as
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
SHEEP DIP TOO STRONG.

A successful sheep grower writes:
IT have found that the great trouble
with most sheep dips Is, they are made
too strong and cause Irritation Of the
flesh. For each 10 sheep use only
one-fourth pound OF plug tobacco.
This l boil in about 80 gallons Of
water and dip the sheep therein as
soon as cool. make an application
once week It'll the trouble is over
come"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
CABBAGE CROP IMPORTANT.

cabbage culture Is concerned through
the ravages Of certain fungus diseases
affecting this plant. Much hope Is
entertained Of the possibility Of secur-
ing disease resistant strains. s
This IL work that requires several
years for positive results. Sometimes
1t Is desirable even after securing
resistant plants to cross breed these
with marketable strains, as 1t is often
the case that resistant strains or va
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

A team Of two or three horses Is not
a satisfactory one to manage unless
he occupies IN It and prompt to do his
part when called upon. and there Isl
no better way TO teach horse to act
independently Of the other horses than
to cali him by name and give him to
understand what you want him to do.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31
10 INSURE BEAUTIFUL FLOWERS.

The soil should be spaded UP to the
depth Of eight or ten inches, early.
Nothing more need be done to it. Let
1t lie as it comes from the spade until.
under the action of air. showers. and
sunshine, the clods OF earth are ready
to crumble under the application Of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Many things enter into the makeup
OF Thoroughbred horse-the feet
and legs must be right. the legs
straight and well set under the body.
The head should be we'll poised and
the expression OF the face good. The
shoulders, ribs and thighs symtnetri-
cal, and the whole animal covered
with good coat of hair.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

More than three-fourths of an egg
iss composed Of water. 80 you can see
how necessary 1t Is that the fowls
should be kept supplied with an
abundance of water. 1t should be
pure, and given to them in some way
that they cannot get 1t foul.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Grating wax Is made by melting
four pounds of resin. two pounds Of
beeswax and one pound Of unsalted
tallow, pouring the liquid into q
bucket Of cold water and pulling like
molasses candy until the grain is
smooth; then form into balls and sto.c
in a cool place until used. It may be
softened by throwing into hot water
1hen neaded for usa.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Although much IL done every year
to obtain early tomato n,. pl. An. !, s stn
crop are from vines from seed sslfI
sown. They do not bear quite AZ
early, but the fruit u good and tnss
vines strong.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

The building Of the Panama canal
Is making an increased demand for
mules. In some parts OF the country
the price for good mules has reached
$500 pair. It is probable that the
demand will not grow any less.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

dition, but not fat at mating.
The true breeder is always wanting
to improve his flock and aside from
the love Of sheep the profiss have
stimulated his efforts to have better
ones.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Getting good orchard started is 9
step In the right direction. but that
Is not all. e IL only beginning.
Fruit growing requires care and at.
tention the same as any other busi-
ness.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Don't have any loose wire laying
around the farm anywhere, especially
where colts or horses run. It only
takes two seconds to knock q hundred
dollars OF the value Of the horse.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Throw aside every man and every
scheme that stands between yourself
and the management Of your own
RdairA
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Rape slowed In the corn field when
the crop ID laid by produces an ex-
cellent forage for sheep.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

The critical period In the young
turkey IL generally at an end when
six weeks old. Inbreeding. lice. damp
ness and improper food are the main
causes for great mortality.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Why do the cut worms confine their
attention to vegetables and pass UP
the "pusley'' and red root?
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Ten or IL hens well cared for will
furnish more eggs than double the
number Of the same breed uncared for.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

control Of leaf-hoppers difficult.
desirable winter quarters. Here the
leaf-hopper abounds
That certain vineyards are more
to attacks by the leaf
hopper is common observation. The
degree Of infestation Of vineyards Is.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

meals If possible. They sweat out lots
OF water these days
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-05-31

Some alternating places OF leaf-hop-
peers.
Of the insects. Sufficient spray MIX
ture must be used to drench the in
sects and the under sides Of the
leaves must be thoroughly hit by the
spray. Spraying at low pressure Is
waste of time and material.
The Grangeville globe. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho) 1907-1922, 1913-10-23
CRUISE NORTH
TIMBER LANDS
Panhandle County Officials
Unanimous at Moscow
Meeting.

AT meeting held at Moscow last
Saturday to consider the advisable
ity of having the timber lands of
the north cruised for the purpose of
arriving at their valuation for assess
ment, the commissioners and asses
sors, of Latah, Bonner, Kootenai
ShoShone and Clearwater counties, all
of whom were present, after thorough
discussion, unanimously voted to have
the timber cruised and valued.
This action was taken in opposi-
ton to the advice of J. H. Robinson,
who represented the views of the
state tax commission, and represen-
tatives of large timber companies
who were present, also opposed the
action.
That this decision means contro
versy and litigation is the opinion
of F. d. Kaufman, another repre-
sentative of the state tax commits
sion, who was present and who was
also in Grangeville this week.
Statement was made that the
probable cost of cruising the timber
would reach 7 to 10 cents an acre.
From Bonner county were Asses
sor Won Canon and Commissioners
McComb and Mccall Assessor Ac-
ton and Commissioner Estgate repre-
sented Kootenai county. Clearwater
county was represented by Assessor
Molloy and Commissioners Zelenka.
; Torgeson and Harrison. Shoshone
county was represented by Assessor
Herrick. Latah county was represen-
ted by its assessor and its entire
board of county commissioners.
Besides these representatives, and
j. d. Robinson and F. d. Kaufman
sion, about 80 taxpayers of Latah
county Were present during the en-
tire days session and were heard
from numerous times during the dis
cussions for which the meeting was
called. Mr.. Rankin and Mr.. Nease,
timber cruising experts from Port
land, were also present and offered
numerous suggestions in the matter
of cruising methods
The meeting was called for a dis
cussion of the advisability of adopt
ing a plan whereby every timbered
county in the northern part of the
state should employ cruisers to COW
er its wooded areas and prepare &C
curate maps and figures to be sub
mitted to the county assessors in
order that a uniform basis of timber
assessments might be secured.
The Grangeville globe. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho) 1907-1922, 1913-10-23
DESTITUTE FAMILY.

The county commissioners and
Sheriff Eimers visited the Green
Creek section last week to look after
tie VIM. Troutman family, which
has been known to be in a destitute
condition for some time depending
upon aid from the neighbors and
what the county furnished. The
family of husband and wife and seven
children were found housed in a one
room shack on an Indian allotment
on an exposed hillside, without fuel
and with but one bed. The children
all slept up in a rudely improvised
loft in a pen of straw without bed
covering of any kind. They were
brought to town and put in small
house in the north part of town, and
the county will look after them
through the winter. The oldest child
is eleven years old and another is
expected soon. Such conditions
should not be allowed to exist.
The Grangeville globe. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho) 1907-1922, 1913-10-23
BOAT SERVICE
FOR KOOSKIA
A 5O-Foot, 6O-Horse Power
Boat to Traffic Up
Middle Fork.

Everybody likes enterprise and
push, and Kooskia citizens evidently
possess both to an unusual degree
Failing to realize on their new rail.
road construction over into Montana,
they do the next best thing-get a
boat for the Middle Fork and 60 as
far as they can. If it does not strike
snag, it will be a great benefit to
the people and booster for their
town. The mountaineer says of the
project:
"It will not be long before the peo-
pie of this locality will know wheth-
er or not a freight and passenger
boat can successfully operated be-
tween Koosha and the Forks, a dis
tance of 25 miles up the middle fork
of the Clearwater river.
"Hon. j. c. White, of Coeur d.
Alene, was here last week and at a
meeting of the Commercial club 1t
was decided to have boat brought
to this point and given a tryout. 1t
Is expected here any day, all ar
rangements being completed for the
test The boat is a 60 horsepower,
so feet long, with a carrying capa-
city of five tons.
"The matter of putting a boat on
this route has been under consider.
alton for several years, and has al
ways been considered a feasible pro-
position by those who have had ex-
perience in this line of work. That
it would prove a paying venture is
. conceded by everybody.
considerable work will be neces-
sary in improving the river in plac-
es, but this and other matters have
been figured out to the satisfaction
of all concerned and it Is the gen
eral opinion that the boat will be a
sure CO."