davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

great degree of exactness. first, because
the traffic conditions are constantly
changing. and, second, because no Drick
pavement which has been constructed IN
accordance with the best modern practice
has yet worn out The amounts or wear
sustained by given pavements during
comparatively long periods of years nave
been determined in several instances, out
have usually been so small as TO make
the probable terms of service appear al
most indefinite. 1t is evident. however,
that in order to secure the full beneht OF
this excellent resistance to wear the sur
face of the pavement must not De per-
mitted to become uneven because OF the
failure of isolated bricks.
One of the most important points IN
connection with the construction OF Drlck
highways or, in fact any roadway, IS
proper engineering supervision. In Ihe
past many communities have expended
large sums of money in efforts to improve
their public highways without hrst nav
ing secured the services of some one com
petent to plan and direct the work. The
results have usually been very unsatis-
factory under such circumstances, ana
have frequently served to discourage
further effort One of the mistakes most
commonly observed consists in construct
ing some expensive type of pavement on
a road where the location is faulty or the
grades are ,mpracticable- Not infre-
uuently sharp angles in the alignment
or abrupt changes in the grade. Which
might be easily and inexpensively reme-
died by an experienced engineer. are left
to impede traffic throughout the life OF
costly and perhaps durable pavement
Even in the construction of common
earth roads it is considered doubtful
economy to dispense with the services OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

of the rough grading should be consid-
cred entirely apart from the cost of the
pavement
The cost of shaping and rolling the
subgrade after the rough grading is
completed will ordinarily vary from 3
to cents per square yard. This cost
should be included with the other items
which make up the cost of the pave
ment.
The cost of the curbs varies with the
character of the material used. stone
curbs ordinarily cost from % to 20
cents per linear foot, while curbS made
of Portland cement concrete cost, as a
rule. from 20 to 30 cents per linear foot.
The higher prices for the concrete curbs
apply principally to special cases re-
quiring extra form work or considerable
extra material.
The cost of the foundation depends
largely on the cost of the materials with
which ii is constructed. Gravel or
broken stone can usually be spread and
rolled at from ) to cents per square
yard. while the cost of these materials,
delivered. varies from 60 cents to 81 per
cubic yard Mixing and placing concrete
usually costs from 81 to 10 cents per
cubic yard. according to the amount OF
work to he done and the methods en-
ployed, and the cost of the materials.
delivered, ordinarily varies from 500
to S4.55 per cubic yard of concrete.
The cost of paving brick at the Kiln
varies from about So TO S14 per thou
sand. Estimating A. brick to the square
ward. each 1000 brick cover approx
mately - square yards. which makes the
cost at the kiln per square yard of pave
ment vary from - cents to about 6l
cents. These figures mean very little,
however. unless the kiln is located con-
veniently near where the brick are to be
used. for freight charges not infreduent-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
BY HOWARD S. FISK.

- OUNTRY roads paved with vitrl-
fled brick are becoming popular
in many states at the present
~ time, and, owing to the general
satisfaction which these roads
are giving when properly constructed, II
is probable that their mileage will con-
tinue to increase rapidly. After the eX-
perience of forty years it has been demon
strated that il is entirely practicable to
construct satisfactory roadWays "heh
proper care is exercised. Much waste, II
is declared results from the use OF poor
materials or faulty constructions ana IN
many instances brick pavements nave
wholly or partially failed from causes
which might easily have been prevented.
clay product closely resembling the
present-day brick was among the earliest
materials used for paving streets ana
roads The first brick pavement con-
structed in this country. however. dates
back no further than 1872, and to Charles
ton. w Va. belongs the distinction OIL
having been the first American city to
employ brick for paving purposes.
For a number of years after being in
PRODUCED into this country The use OF
brick was principally confined to city
streets and owing to frequent 1nferiorlty
in the quality OF the brick and the lack
of care III construction. very few of the
eariy movements proved satisfactory. The
principal advantages which brick roads
possess are that they are durable under
heavy traffic conditions; they afford easy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
Tire Taxes
Which We Pay for You in
No-Rim-Cut Tires
No Other Maker Does 1t

stretched out Every inch of every layer
does its share of duty.
We add to our tire cost 81, 500 daily to
thus save blow-outs for you.
Loose Tread Tax
Tread separation usually occurs close 10
the breaker strip-an essential fabric used
a, the base of the tread in all standard tires.
We use patented fabric, woven with hum
dreds of quarter-inch holes. The tread rub
Der, in its plastic state, is forced down through
these holes Then the tire is vulcanized en-
maSSe.
Thus hundreds of large rubber rivets are
formed to prevent tread separation.
We paid $50, 0oO for rights to this meth
cd, and no other maker employs it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
We Pay 1t All

All this extra expense is to save you ex-
At one time-on this account-No-Rim-C Cut,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
1914 Olds Delivered.

r. & L. Representative Here.
H H. Doeing, eastern sales manager
for the Rauch & Lang electric. is MAX
ing an extended stay in Washington in
the interest of his firm. He is making
his headquarters with the Bartram
garage during his visit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
Maintenance Of Roads.

IF brick pavcments are properly con-
structed at the start, the work of main
tanning them is very slight they say
c.Tnder the closest inspection, however,
some inferior material is likely to become
Incorporated either in the foundation or
in the surface, and it is. therefore, very
. important that brick pavement be very
carefully watched for the first few years
of its life to see that no unevenneSs de-
velops either because OF defective bricks
having been used in the surface or be-
cause of insufficient support from the
foundation at any point. Whenever any
unevenness develops. 1t should be imme-
diateiy rectified. Otherwise the pavement
Will become irregularly worn in the vi
cinity of the defects and expensive re-
pairs will eventually be necessary.
Not infrequently weak spots develop
in broken stone or gravel foundations.
owing to surface water finding its way
through joints in the pavement which
have not been properly filled with grout
Careful observation of the joints should,
therefore, constitute "A part of the early
maintenance work, and any defective
joints discovered should be Immediately
remedied. Where the foundation is con-
structed of concrete, however. slight de-
fects in the joints seldom result in any
very serious damage.
If care is exercised to correct all de-
fects which appear within the first few
years of the life of well constructed
brick pavement the work of maintaining
the pavement proper should thereafter.
except for cleaning. be almost negligible.
The shoulders and drainage structures, of
course NJ ed occasional attention. just as
in the case of any other pavement. but
il they are properly constructed at the
start repairs will usually be very slight.
THE life of well constructed brick
pavement cannot be estimated with any
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
Left for the North.

Joseph NJ Stoddard and DR.. William
Gerry Morgan left Friday for the for
mer's summer home at West Spring
field. N. H. They expect to spend the
next two weeks hunting through the
mountains Of New Hampshire.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

Continued on Seventh Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
Woods Representative Here.

f. III. Hoover, eastern sales manager
of the Woods Motor Vehicle Company.
was a visitor here for few days last
week. During his stay he was the
guest of the Potomac Motor Car Com
pany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

did not meet his needs With several
hundred acres scattered over the reser-
walton. and with sawmill to superin-
tend, he is about the busiest man of his
tribe. His example has stirred up his
friends. and other Indians are going to
buy machines.
1914 Odds Delivered.
The first purchaser of 1914 Oldsmobie
is Representative Woodson R. Oglesby
of New York, delivery being made yes
terday afternoon. The car is finished in
Brewster green and is equipped with
electric self-starter and electric lights.
Ford Deliveries.
Ford touring cars were delivered during
the week ending yesterday as follows:
Charles ]. Harlow, Warrenton Carriage
Works, I. w. Huntzberger. F. s. Ensor,
J. w. kelchner, f. w. Pearre, Edwin
Corneal, ]. r. Norris. jr., DR.. Harry
Kaufman, N. w. Burchell, ]. S. Gruver.
Edward Mullin, National Oil and Chemi-
cal Company, J. A. Brawner and George
Kingsley.
r. & L. Representative Here.
H. H. Doeing, eastern sales manager
for the Rauch & Lang electric. is max
ing an extended stay in Washington in
the interest Of his firm. He is making
his headquarters with the Bartram
garage during his visit.
X * i; x
Made Forty Five-Mile Detour.
Louis Hartig, jr., and DIR. w. H r.
Brandenburg journeyed to Benedict, Md,
last week in the latter's Ford roadster,
making the return trip Sunday. Leaving
Benedict about 3 o'clock everything went
well until they ran into a heavy rain
storm. In the vicinity of Brandywine
one of the small wooden bridges was
found washed away, and 1t was then VI
to them to make a detour. Retracing
their route a short distance they Were
directed over another route by one OF
the natives in that vicinity and when
they finally reached habitation they
found themselves in La Plata, Md In
the meantime they had become drenched
to the skin and after securing what dry
wearing apparel they could. resumed the
journey home once more, arriving at their
homes at midnight. The odometer show
ed that they had only gone forty-fiye
miles out of their way while trying 70
get around the washout.
x = y x
Returns From Canada.
-
Orme returned last week In the formers
Cadillac roadster from a two-thousand-
-hundred-mile motor trip through the
New England states and Canada. Their
itinerary included Quebec and Montreal
Leave for Detroit.
Claude E. Miller. w. NJ Macnichol and
Charles Speaks leave today for week $
trip to the Ford factory at Detroit, Mich.
X x <
Studebaker Deliveries.
A Studebaker 49, touring car was de-
livered during the past week to George
w. Offutt and a 80 touring car to
George NJ. Oyster. jr.
x !: x !.
Motored Through Valley.
E. H. Johansen and r. V. Willett of
Tire Company. motored through Shen- |
andoah valley last week in the formers
Studebaker car. stopping at Martinsburg.
route. |
Paige Deliveries
A 1914 Paige touring car, fully equip |
ped, was delivered few days ago to Dr. |
H. A. Polkinhorn and a roadster of the |
same. make to DR.. William H. Hough.
= I: X X
1914 Cadillac Deliveries.
Nineteen fourteen seven-passenger
Cadillac touring cars were delivered
CONTINUED on Seventh Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

traction and good foothold fer horses;
they are easily maintained and Kept
clean, and present a very pleasing APP
pearance at all times.
The principal disadvantage Of this char
acter of highway is the high first cost.
The defects which frequently result from
lack of uniformity in the quality of the
brick or from poor construction are
usually to be traced indirectly to an
effort to reduce the first cost or to a
popular feeling that local materials should
be used even when of inferior quality.
One of the most essential features OF the
construction of brick payeinents is the
selection of the brick. since the success
or failure of this type Of pavement de-
ponds to a large extent on the character
of the material used.
Cost of Brick Roads.
1.-THE cost of brick roads varies widely
says Vernon NJ. Pierce, chief engineer,
and Charles Fl. Moorefield. senior high
way engineer, office of public roads, De
partment OF Agriculture, who have pre-
pared a bulletin on .'Vitrtied Brick a
Paving Material for Country Roads, and
Is affected by SO many influences that IL
Is difficult to attempt to derive general
expression showing the relation between
probable cost and loca! conditions. The
prices of brick, as also the prices of the
various materials entering into the foun-
dation, vary greatly according to the 10
cality and the freight rate. The cost and
efficiency of labor is also far from being
constant Furthermore, the material COM
posing the Subgrade and the method oil
prenarinc it NAV exert a marked in
f1uence on the cost OF the pavement. The
following statements regarding cost are
considered as representing average con-
ditons:
The grading is usually paid for by the
cubic ward and the cost, of course, varies
with the character Of the soil and the
necessary amount of excavation. In light.
easily loosened soils grading may usually
be done at from - to 10 cents per cubic
ward. In hard earth containing more or
less loose rock. the cost per cubic yard
generally runs from ~ to 10 cents, while
grading in solid rock may sometimes cost
as much as S1.Jo per cubic yard. The cost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

~ amount to more than the cost of the
brick.
A force consisting of one payer and
five laborers should place on an average
about 80 square yards of brick per ten
hour day; while supervision, rolling and
incidental expenses are ordinarily
equivalent to the cost Of hiring about
three and one-half additional laborers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28
Indians Take to Autos.

Indians of Idaho are losing their super
stitious feeling about the smoke wag-
on as they call an automobile, and the
rush to get machines has started among
the more intelligent and wealthy tribes
men.
Recently Edward Cash Cash and Otis
HalfmoOn. Nez Perces who have ex-
tensive holdings in the tribal reservation
went to Lewiston, Idaho, with the avowed
purpose of returning to the reservation
to show their fellow-redmen a few things
about operating an automobile. They
wanted a machine, and bought it.
Halfmoon had spent many nights look
ing over books on operating an auto
mobile, and, to the establishment of the
dealer, the Indian farmers drove away
from the garage at a twenty five-mile
clip.
Since June Is these Nez Perces have
Travelled to nearly every section of the
state, to northern Washington and cen
trail Oregon. AS yet they have not had a
bit of engine or tire trouble.
Cash Cash said that his team of horses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-09-28

competent engineer. and 1t is argued
that if any considerable quantity OF
work is to be done such services should
be secured Since brick pavements are
probably more expensive to construct
than any other type Of pavement at
present used for country roads. 1t Is
all the more important that their con-
struction should be carefully planned
and well executed.
X
Leaky Spark Plugs.
Leaky plugs can cause a lot of trouble
that is very difficult to trace. They will
make a motor miss at high speed or on
heavy pulls, but will permit it to run
quite properly, to all intents and pur-
poses under ordinary conditions. The
principal trouble is cracked or porous
porcelains, which allow the high-tension
current to ground without jumping the
spark gaps. The only remedy Is to fit
new plugs that are known to be in good
condition. and to be careful not to crack
the porcelain in Tightening them in the
cylinders.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28

keystone around which the defense is
built In looking over the baseball dope of
past performances, it is impossible to
name club that won championship
that has been particularly weak behind
the bat. Today A No. catchers are as
scarce as good pitchers. and there are
many managers and scouts who will tell
you that they are even rarer That is
why Connie Mack of the Athletics, and
Jimmy Callahan of the White Sox, are
being so generally congratulated upon
having grabbed two of the best back
stops that have broken into the major
leagues In a long time. Schang of the
Philadelphia club and Schalk of the Chi
cago outfit, are the men to whom refer.
and they are finds in every sense of the
word. Both are still youngsters both in
years and experience but they have dis
played the judgment and ability of vet
Grams. They are what is known as born
catchers. and not only can they hit and
throw, but they are real students of the
game, and their extraordinary ability to
size up the weaknesses of batters has been
of great help to their pitchers and has
assisted greatly in the general inf1eld de-
fensive work"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28
cHIcKEN Ala EDISON

In spite of the cost of white paper, the
New York Times gives space to a mes
sage from London, "by Marconi Trans
Atlantic wireless setting forth that 400
chickens, treated by electricity, grew to
market size in five weeks, instead of the
usual three months. 1t perhaps would be
to suggest that the Times
dispatch was baseless as well as wireless,
so that in courtesy to a valued contem-
porary the item must be accepted as an
fit to print" Which Immediately suggests
some alarming thoughts.
so charged We're the chickens with
electricity remarks the wireless, that
shock could be distinctly felt if finger
were put at the beak of a chicken" This
statement will be easily credited by rash
persons who have attempted to finger the
beak of even an unchanged chicken. But
we in st. Louis who recently have been
told much about the danger of come
backs will see graver side to the situa-
tion. Imagine being served with club
sandwich filled with come back of 20o
or 300 voltsl And then again picture the
CONSERVATION in the bucolic poultry yards,
when one of the innocent young fowls ac-
cidentally blew out fuse.
1t is too much. We always have been
partial to chicken a la Maryland, and
we refuse to be beguiled, even by the
valued Marconi wireless, into changing
our allegiance to chicken Ia Edison
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28
The Cost of War
pacificatio.

Banker Festus j. Wade, in an ad-
dress before the City club of St.
Louis, predicted that in the event of
war between the United States and
Mexico, United States 2's would drop
something like 100000, 900 in value.
This would come, said Mr.. Wade, with
the issuance of as little as 100000
in bonds for war finances.
1t is conceded that the subduing of
Mexico would be far more costly than
our war with Spain. Yet that little
brush occasioned the expenditure of
$3.50, 900 on the part of this coun-
try, not including what has since been
spent in trying to put things to rights
in the Philippines.
Mr.. Wade's figures take no consid-
Grafton of the money that would be
required to'prosecute a successful war
south of the Rio Grande. He declares
that this lsos of $200,000,000 would
be absolutely net. 1t would come sud-
denly, and there would be nothing in
the world to show for it. France paid
Germany $1,000, 1000 as indemnity
following the disastrous fiaseo of the
Napoleon III. The price of war, like
that of other things, has gone up. To
conquer Mexico would require an
enormous amount of money
All this is looking at the question
solely from the point of dollars and
cents. 1t is possible to shoulder ma
tional debt, but it would not be possi-
bic to breathe breath back into the
bodies of the gallant young soldiers
sure to fall in the hills and valleys of
Mexico should this country go to war,
nor would it be possible to assuage the
grief of the mothers, wives and sweet
hearts of the fallen.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28
STORIES ABOUT DREAMS

From the Chicago News.
st. Augustine records that disciple of
his, having to lecture on Ciceros rhetor-
ical books, was baffled by certain pass
age. He slept, and in a dream his mas
ter, who was really far away and uncon-
scious of the whole thing, appeared to him
and expounded the passage. In 1898 Herr
Hilprecht, professor Of Assyriology in the
University of Pennsylvania, was worried
over two small inscribed fragments of
agate found at Babylon, OF which he
had received drawings. In dream tall,
thin Assyrian priest told him they be
longed together" being portions of an in
scribed votive cylinder which had been
cut up to make earrings for the statue
of god. The professor found next day
that the fragments did fit and make
continuous inscription.
Melton Prior, war artist, always averred
that he owed his life on the one occasion
to warning dreams. when going out to
the Zulu war in Africa. he twice dreamed
that he was shot and then buried. On ar
irving at Durham he received letter
from his mother telling of a dream iden-
teal with his own, and begging him not
to go to the front. He obeyed her iniunc-
/ ton, and engaged another artist to go in
his place. The unfortunate substitute
was almost the first man Killed in the
| fighting.
| Robert Louis Stevenson was a wonder
| full dreamer, and could dream in sequence,
continuing dream from the point where
| it had broken off the night hefore. 1t was
| in this way that the greater part of
"Jekyl and Hyde was put together.
Dante, too, is said to have dreamed many
cantos of THE Divine Comedy" and Vol
| taire records show the "Henriade' came
to him in sleep. ideas occurred to me,
he wrote, ''in spite of myself, and in
which had no part whatever"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28

term. Contracts are what
Tammany feeds upon. As the Times
says, candor eompels approval of Mr..
decision to set Mayor Gay
nor aside. Mr. Gaynor has his faults,
but conniving at public theft is not
one of them.
On every hand Mr.. Murphy's
knowledge of the subtle art of poll
ties is being made apparent. He has
Whitman, his bitter
enemy, for the place of district attor-
ney. By this daring move he hopes to
diseoneert the supporters of the fusion
ticket.
Governor Sulzer announced in adj
vance that he would speak in every
precinct of the big city in opposition
to the Tammany ticket. But the fact
that Mccall is the Tammany candi-
date for mayor will go far to tie the
governors tongue. Mccall was
named by Sulzer as head of the public
service commission. Can Sulzer afford
to attack his own appointee?
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-08-28
IN HOTEL LOBBIES
wholesale business ThrIvlng

Business on Morris avenue this sum-
mer has, ! believe. been better than
al any other similar period" said f.
W Blaekford of the w. NJ. Donovan
Provision Co. Our business has shown
a material increase over the same
months last year and / believe all other
dealers on the street have found 1t so.
prices this summer have been very
reasonable-no boosting of quotations
because of a shortage in any particular
line. At different times there have been
scarcity of chickens and eggs but the
prices on neither of these commodities
have reached prohibitive level. The
supply, as a rule, throughout the sum
mer has been consistent with the de-
mand. The exceptions referred to were
only temporary
"The outlook for the fall trade is
better than | have ever known IT.
Everyone seems 10 be busy and orders
are being booked from all over the
state. Birmingham wholesalers are find
ing ready marelt for their goods in
Tuscaloosa and other Alabama cities
| believe the fall trade, both in Bir-
mingham and in Alabama cities outside
of this city. will show large increase
over last year"