Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-01-07

ern ana eastern Europe. IWO-tnlr0S OF
all the homesteads entered during the
past decade were taken up by immigrants
from Europe and the United States, and
of these the United States furnished near
ly half.
).
Canada is also bidding for the imm-
children. These are
Bids for Poor brought over under
government supervi
"Au sion. and placed in
homes where they can grow up with the
country and have a chance to become
homesteaders in their own right. 1t is
estimated that in the past fifty years
more than sixty thousand Of these chill
dren have been placed in the homes of
Canadian farmers How much greater
the demand for the children is than the
supply may be inferred from the state
ment that in nine years 1900 Juveniles
were sent over, whereas there were re-
ceived 10000 applications for children.
Since the establishment of the Austral-
ian commonwealth in 1901 immigration
has become a national question. The
general outline of the policy pursued is
that Asiatics and Pacific islanders are
excluded. and general plan of making
the continent white Australia" is fol-
lowed. Australia has an area exactly
duplicating the area of the landed part
of continental United States, and yet it
has a population only one-eighteenth as
great as that of the United States. More
than half of its lands are unoccupied and
billion acres await settlement In
order to induce settlers to take up I'M
occupied land the government allows
them to purchase the freehold by the pay
ment of half-yearly installments. Ad-
vances are made for the improvement of
the lands in all the states. except Tas-
mania. In order to stimulate immigra-
ton from the United Kingdom some of
the states pay wholly. in part. the
transportation expenses of persons desir-
Ing to settle on the land or to engage in
farm or dairy work, or occupation of a
similar nature. Domestic servants and
other desirable settlers are likewise aided
to make the journey. To date more than
1O0,WD immigrants have been assisted in
Australia in this way. Great Britain is
now furnishing immigrants to Australia
at the rate of about 10000 year. and
this represents more than four-ffths of
Australia'S immigration.
Australia has a literary TEST IT re-
quires that no one may enter the COM
monwealth who can
Literary Test not write at least
~ Aus+ro1;o nfty words dictated
to him by an immi-
grafton official This test NAV be re-
peated at any time within a year after
the arrival of the immigrant, and if he
fails to pass 1t he may be deported
However, in practice this test is applied
only to the immigrants OF those coun-
tries where exclusion is desirable.
New Zealand has an area about the
size OF Colorado. and it has a popula-
ton approXimating a million, of which
a fourth was born in the United King
dom. The tide of immigration is not a
very extended one. and now comes
mainly from Australia. In eight years
1T numbered more than quarter-mil- |
lion souls, three-fOurths of them from
Australia. New Zealand has for wears
co-operated with the steamship com
panies in securing reduced rates for |
desirable settlers.
The Argentine Republic has a popula-
ton Of about five persons to the square
mile, as compared with 1915 for the |
United States. Out Of its three-quarters
of billion acres of land, only about |
three hundred. million acres are arabic |
and out of the arabic land only one
eighth is under cultivation. In addi- |
ton to its vast grain producing posi- |
bilities. much of it's territory is adj
mirably adapted to grazing, and it has
immense timber and mineral resources
as yet all but untouched. The constitu-
ton itself provides for the encourage