davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
DEETH PEOPLE
CIRCULATING PETITION

Apetition is circulated in and around
Deeth praying the County Commits
sioners to call an election and sub
nit the question of Bonding the
County for the Wells High School
to a popular vote Of the taxpayer.
The petition is being largely sign
ed. 1t is reported that everyone to
whom the petition has been present
ed signed it without delay. The
petition asks that the commission
ers delay issuing the bonds till a
vote is taken.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
The Beet Teacher.
Mea DO rothing excellent but By i'm
!eation Of nature.--Jean jacques Rous.
eoau.

ries on their mettle to improve
their efficiency. And this will be
the healthy basis on which our fut-
ure trade expansion will be built.
Oscar Underwood struck high
point In his speech when he ex-
claimed:
1t is this increased'cost of produc-
tion that has chained american in.
dustries to our shores and prevent
ed them from going out among
the nations Of the earth to spread
the goods and waresof American
enterprise in foreign markets apd
securing the fruits of American
labor and American enterprise to
the people of our great boundary" F"
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Dances ALI Night
After Being Shot

Lovelock, New, May 4-Oscar
Stevens of Limerick Canyon walked
over the Humboldt mountains into
the new mining camp of Rochester,
attended dance, enjoyed twenty
four dances and when the sun rose
over the mountains hiked back
three miles over the mountains to
his cabin in Limerick canyon, af-
ter having accidently shot himself
with an automatic pistol. The bull
let entered Stevens thigh but he
did not even know he was shot un-
til he returned home and undress-
ed, when he discovered the bullet
had entered his leg and was firmly
Embedded in the flesh,
Stevens is a brother-in-law Of
Joseph Nenzel, the discoverer of
the mining camp Of Rochester. He
is now in precsrious condition
and under medical attention,
blood poisoning having set In.
Stevens states that he felt no real
pain. He was conscious Of a sting
when the pistol was accidentally
discharged as he put It In HE
pocket. He paid no real atten-
tion to It and went to the daace.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
HELLO" m
WEUs M PHONE
II Happened in California

Eaton. CAL, May 7-Miss Alta p
Gum. operator in charge Of the
local telephone exchange here was
wed by phone, with business press
ing. While wearing the head re-
ceiver. and with the board plugs
in one hand Miss Gum was married
to H. B. Mick. During the cere-
mony she. stopped the officiating
minister to answer calls. Henry
B Mick, do you take this woman
to be your welded wife; to"
began the minister. "Hellol Yesi
Just q minute please" broke in
NJ iss Gum. To the minister
she said; Proceed" Toto
cherish-love and protect? stam-
mered the embarrassed divine.
"And you, Alta r Gum. do you take
this man" Number please: ;"
interrupted the operator bride.
Finally after several interruptions
the knot was tied. Miss Gum has
been manager Of the telephone exc
change ut Eaton for several years.
Mick is a stockman in north Colo.
rsdo, and he is anxiously waiting
for the telephone company to find
a new operator to relieve his wife.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
". 0. ".

Elko Lodge No S29. Woodman of
the World. held forth last night
~hen Jas F Bellinger was initiated
into the hidden mysteries. Then
about 25 of the brethren adjourned
to the Commercial Hotel to enjoy a
banquet. w G Greathouse, P c c
acted as toastmaster. A most en-
jcyable time is reported. This
local lodge has about 20 members,
and is thriving.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Demon Of the kIaar.

The natives fnhabiting the country
near the source Of the Niger believe
that devti lives IN the rock whence
the river springs. They are very super
st1dous and greatly fear this devil,
who 10 supposed 10 kin any person
who dapes to took at the source.
Whenever the natives are showing O
stranger the spot, they cover up their
faces and walk backward IN the direo-
hon Of The aDTing, pointing toward IL
With 0utstretCf1Sd hand behind tho
bsak .. -.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
THE DIVINE ALCHEMY
A Sunday Evening Address

A rare intellectual treat was
offered the people of Elko at the
Presbyterian Church Sunday night
when Mr.. w. A. Laughlin addressed
the congregation on "The Divine Al
chemy". A good attendance en-
couraged the speaker and the rapt
attention of the audience called
forth response of word pictures
and SMILES such as we seldom hear
in pulpit oratory.
In his introduction of the speak
er Mr. Greenfield stated that he
would rather have a layman give
good message than an ordained
clergymen poor message and he
had no apology to make to the
people in presenting layman who
had made such a record in the
Chantauqua lecture bureaus as Mr.
Laughlin has made.
The speaker took as his text
"All things work together for
good" His analysis of the text. his
references to art and literature. his
ready word pictures and the manner
with which he handled the subject
made deep impression upon his
hearers. The scientific analogy
between the. alchemy of the old
school, when men sought. the phil
osopher's stone that would turn all
things into gold and the divine
economy which makes everything
conspire to the good of humanity
and the glory of God was very
clearly presented.
Mr. Laughlin is graduate of
an Eastern University. This.
of course was followed by a
years work in Theology. Follow
ing thIs preparation he has filled
many important engagements with
Chatauqua Lecture Bureaus. He
is always ready and willing
to give to the people the result of
his education and service.
We hope that we may again have
the pleasure of hearing Mr. Laugh
lin from the pulpit of the. Elko
Church and thst he will have an
opportunity of trying out here his
idea, of the Childrens' Church
which has met with eminent success
at other places where he has at
tempted it. Elko is very fortunate
in baving in her midst man of
his ability and learning.
Contributed.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Seawees N oevomss.s.

R is always" known that esaNesa
eonteinsd Q large Quantity % ioAinA
hat to-day Il 10 used In tAe naanafA1s
ture % . eartain kind OF stosA. wAsiA
eorsaiA sDeoisa are eaten under the
nAsaea cs "dulso," "stoka7 aaA ~euF.
fAAeen." KssD is buYaeA eeeveeA
ana DevonshiFs seaweta b wssa 1oe
. large number Of puyposeu;. these
FORE. TIE asaweed sAtheFeTe % toaay
saFo in. Q hsttsr position than evee
haforA
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
SAOot k0TEs

GAH& TSS Suo ShS Ivy oSho>
mentary Drill Glass spent its time
in studying Secondary Notions.
Several members Of the class took
the ehair and motions were made
and voted on. Current events were
given in answer tor roll call.
Friday, May 9th there will be
several papers. among which will
be ogilvie's paper on Mark Twain.
Mr. McFarlsne will prepare a arti-
Gle on some good topic.
McFarlane and Clawson will pro-
badly be The only representatives
of Elko High School at the track
meet in Reno next week, and both
are training faithfully for II.
There is O good amount OF good
material in the High School for
track work but hardly any one has
turned out this year for it. School
spirit Is certainly dead or dying
in the High School and it is time
something was done 60 rouse q lit
tie Of the old time school spirit,
and to wake all the students up to
the fact that>there is lot of fun
to be got ont Of the High School.
Mr. SwanGer had planned an
evening "At Home" for the Sem
iors last Saturday but on account
Of the absence of Will Hunt. he
postponed it till later. s...
The Tau Kappa Society missed q
number Of members Friday after
noon owing to the illness Of several
Of the members. The places on the
program was taken by others who
showed their loyalty by substi tut
ing for the absent ones. Miss Hedges
took Miss Higgipbotham's place
and Miss Peck. Miss Jewett's. The
iprGgrasn7in detail sig as follows:
Miss Baumbach gave an interest
ing psper on Pompsii. it's situation
and advantages. Our new member.
Mics Hazel Hedges reflected credit
upon heraeH in the able way she
handled the topic, Interesting
Things in the Ruins of Pompeii.
Miss 'Francis's paper on Ancient
AmusemeDts showed careful re-
search and was very instructive.
Miss Francis went home and her
paper was read by Miss Blsvins.
The talk on the Two Lyttons, father
and son was exceedingly interesting
and Miss Plunkett won quite a bit
OF genuine applause. Miss Peck
reviewed "Lytton's Last Days of
Pompeii"in her usual able manner.
Miss Hershiser read for Us "Aux
Italiens," poem by the younger
Lytton. Owen Meredith. Miss Her.
'hissr,s readings are always enjoy.
ed and this was no exception to the
rule. Miss Clayton review
ed Owen Meredith's "Lucile'' in an
able manner. Miss Wines favored
the society with O vocal solo
which was heartily encored.
The High School building was
thoroughly fumigated Saturday.
The pupils seem to be keeping |
their work up to the standard |
which Is very gratifying to the
teachers al this time of year.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Rsessy ssasa LssIs,

Nd youse szt snytAinase wa.
ssTea tbs baEEsaT on aparA 90 Ma pss
esaefgsa hesn she winAov. ..sEaw. e
esoks woe hvee haTe ~ lAwyaR.S -.
ps1sd TIE otAs9 ia Sisgust. snaaan
bars luak.r snlA taa aRet: "asa 1easte
hoas anysfnsRS-0Ato state Jo1gnaS.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Wemsn Rlslsiy .soIus;a.

Maiwatchin. on the borders Of Rus.
sia IN Asia, n the only city IN the
world RaoRtsd by men only. Chinese
women ere not only ,forbiddsa to i've
10 feta territory. but even to pass tue
grSat wall of Kalkan and enter iAte
Mongolia.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Lucrative Find In south ASrIoa.

South Africa's possibilities as q pro-
queer OF vegetable oils are wide in
deed IL the results Of recent experi.
msnts under the auspices OF the Mo.
sambique authorities are translated
into commercial realities. For I'M
stance, the fruit OF the '.mscun.
meous" was shown TO yield NO Less
than 90 per cent Of fine edible OH, ana
Of the "pombula' 80 per cent.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Our
Washing.
ton
Letter

IOLJ oy ulo IudEg~
erly speech introducing the tariff
bill in the House, Oscar Under.
wood, Chairman of the Ways and
Means Committee, showed the i'm
possibility of the United States
ever becoming a great factor in
foreign trade so long az her indus
tries exist behind the artificial wall
of prohibitive tariff.
Foreign trade is an essential if
prosperity is to be handed down to
future generations. The industries
f this country have grown to
an extent where the population,
numerous as it is, can no longer
consume the whole of their produc-
elton. There is a growing surplus
which must be sold in in foreign
countries if our industries are to
exist.
Statemen Of both the leading pol
itical parties recognize this fund
amental economic fact, and the
broadest statesmanship of both
parties is directing it's thought to
the extension of American trade
abroad. 49,. 49, -.-.: -a.-... .--.--y-- .,-.'s
The Republican party while in
power, attempted a false stimula-
tion Of foreign trade forced. hot
house, gSwth, based upon the coer-
Give methods of Republican dollar
diplomacy"
The; Democratic party believes
, in a normal healthy expansion of
trade, and Mr.. Underwood showed
how such growth is impossible
for industries protected by a pro-
hibitive tariff.
A result of past methods of ex-
tending foreign trade is the COM
mercial custom known as dump
ing" This consists in selling
&sbroad surplus products at prices
lower than in the home market.
The Manufacturer sells to the
American consumer at prices $50
high that his surplus has virtually
cost him nothing. The American
consumer has paid enough for
portion Of the product to balance
the cost of the entire output, and
often with profit besides
The manufactures then proceeds
to dump. these goods into the
foreign markets Whatever he can
get for them over and above his
ocean freight charges and selling
expense is clear profit. This ex-
plains why the steel trusts sells
rails in England for less than the
American price, and why you can
buy an American watch at retail
in London cheaper than a New
York dealer can buy it at the fac
tory.
Under the Underwood tariff the
practice of dumping" will be
abolished because the manufacture
Ter can no longer maintain the high
prices he has been mulcting the
= American consumer.
Howsgsr, it is chiefly by dump
ng" tfsg American manufacturers
te now able to compete with their
Iitish and German rivals In free
Narkets. Freed by foreign compe.
tion at home by protection, in
Efficiency has crept into American |
ctories. Obsolete methods are in |
We. And as a result, the foreign |
9anufacturers can outsell the |
Anerican.
a. low tariff will put our indust-
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
aonanhna Amhlu,,n,,n.

e The banquet hall wes ADORNED with
snAny "haAutieul psintings, and the
president OF the little college was cali
"a upon 20 respond TO . toast. Wishr
sng 70 pay compliment 10 the ladisa
preseat he designated the pAIptinsa
WITH on sloausnt geRtNFe end salA,
SWhst aaaA u thesa Of these paipteA
hsautiss Whaa We hevs 30 many with
~ as tha tabssf'
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Chicken Pie Dinner

AT the Presbyterian Church dining
room. Thursday, HAY 9Th, 6 TO 9 D.. m.
Under the auspices Of Tho Dorcas 80.
clety.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
aenaoaa, sseea

SARd what ~ your ooou1ationfs
eshea the eeoidant insaranos agoas.
Tn . weo6sman. Dusins the hunAr
tn@ season oct as q saidA.S 'Esa
sofEy, bat my .oosapany won't write q
polioy on your GLASS" 'WhY noaf
Bareiy I'm sood risk MY dSar ssr.
yoa'Ts not . stak, yoa'Es eessaiasy.S
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Notice TO Parents

The Eiko Grammar School will oper,
tomorrow, Wednesday, May 7th, 1913.
By order
j. A. McBhlDE.
=. Pres. School Board.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
GEORGE CLINE
DIES AT HOSPYTAE.

George Cline, from Limestcae Point.
near Beowawe, who was brought TO the
Bowling Hospital = few days ego suf-
tering fron fractured sknIl, died to.
day at 4 q. M.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
Five Men killed

Hartford, Conn, May Give mon
were killed here today by blacls
damp explosion in an ola deserted mine.
They were exploring the nfua.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
oembIned PSsss

Great y tks epReNi Of q prakev
wenaaA 2 an pnapproaohAhta has.---
q Aoos'sr chEontets, by MeesAsth
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
RallwSa,

FasseRe p aften The tuTnina point,
she pavOs es circumstances Ahai
swingS He 70 . higher level. IAfe =
NOS really whes comes 70 us. but what
we Ees out % it.---Devia Starr Josasn.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06

Wondrous Strength 81 Lovo,
There Is comfort In the stre. Sts,
es love- Wordsworth. - -
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
aaoa haasshai11 E,iaanar

Vinegar IL ah exoeIisns cleanser faa
nickel and mica and for hrasa u @ ~.
tle salt b AAaea te e
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06

Peer stleklgg,
sticking to = ppot Rsfpose uaskAa
aanH 2 R4or stick.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06
League Games Today

American League
No games today.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1913-05-06

8 -. IflEIH1f-'~e~
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
OPPOSES SUNDAY
CLOSING or P. 0.
First Assistant Postmaster Gen.
eraI fav0rs Opens Offices

Daniel 6. Roper, first assistant post :
master general is SAID Ia he opposcd
10 the closing of postoiliCcs ON Sunday.
Ia his annua! report Mr.. Roper SAYS
that the act prohibiting Sunday scry-
ice IN the postofices has added largely
10 tn" cost of the postal service and
has materially lessened its efficiency.
lie suggests that il would be i'm the
interest Of both the service ana IN"
employees To amend the law SO as to
authorize Sunday work and grant COM
pensatory time off to employees assign
ed to SUNDAY duty
More than yeaI ago several hun
bred thousand commercial Travellers
merchants and other business men
petirioned the postofilcc department to
open the postotliccs on Sunday for the
delivery Of mail The movement was
started by the Commercial Travellers
organization ana was taken up by soy
fral other societies. The congressman
were asked To use their Influence Ia
have the postofiices opened for Il short
time on Sunday.
Under the present plan only those
who have lock boxes Ia the postoiliccs
can secure their Sunday mail in many
cities where postmasters. who are not
Inclined L. 81 obliging. observe the
rules To the letter.
The opening of the TostoHiccs ON
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
No Forestic Chain.

The courts Il the American For
est"rs in the copper country have
about decidcd Ia abandon the plan To
conduct n chain of meetings and social
sessions at the various towns In this
district during the winter. such as
have been conducted i'm the past sea
sons. Owing Ia the Industrial cOndi-
lions prevailing here, t is felt the
meetings could not be of as much
benefit as it Is felt they should be and
for this reason no action has been taxi
en- SO far ard probably none will be
taken. Several OF the copper country
courts have held no meetings recently
Court North star. Of Calumet, will
elect its officers for the ensuing year
at the regular meeting TO be held
Saturday evening.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
News
Await Further Details.

Local members of .ihc Modern
Woodmen are awaiting farther adj
vices. from the head camp, relative "a
the abandonment by that body Of the
proposed rate Increase. which has
been under confederation for abou.
three years. ana which has lead to
considerable dissension elsewhere
Brief Information concerning this ac.
ton was conveyed To the public
through 'elegraphic dispatches which
appeared ia the press but 1t IS eX-
pected the head camp will set forth
its position ia an extended statement
short time later. The action evi-
IDENTITY was taken 10 promote harmony
among members of the order ana it Is
known that the initiative for any fur
thcr adjustment of the rates will have
To be taken from the membership
ranks.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24

anu '''''""HS Wouln ne great
'''''''' MANY contend that a
a. '''''',' - ""ii" ny keeping the
'''''" -" h"Il"a\S' denying
''''' VI h'"sIaPers punished ON
'"'' "'9 '"' privilege "l getting them
'''' ''''''' ''''''''
Mr.. Roper reports that the expert
mental delivery of mail in Tho Villages
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
COMPOSE AN EXPURGATED
VERSION OF CARRBAO ODE

Damn, Damn Song Is Now Complete
~ ldeaixed
Washington. Dee 2i.-RealAing that
they were woflllly wrong, and that il
was IN awfully bad taste and highly
improper to sing lightly and condemn
Ingly of the ladroueiy- inclined section
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Laurium Owls 70 Move

laurIun Owls &c Move.
At recent meeting the Laurium
Nest of owls elected the Following Of,
Iicers lof the ensuing year:
Past president MAJ, Seifert
President-Chares Adams
Vice president William Schween.
nyocdtor-Edward Eggen
Secretary -Franl ZiehT.
Trtas,uer-Dominicil Vairo
Warden--Chester Hirsch
Sentncl-Arthur NowberE
piCket--Wilbnr Larsen.
Trustees. Bruce Patton, William
Waas ana John Cries.
Physician-Dr NJ. VI. Kerr.
The I.aurium Nest o. owls viii move
annary ! from the losselyung hall
where meetings have been held in tho
past to the Laurium bank hall, ia,
meeting nights being designated as tho
second and fourth Tuesdays of each
month. The FIRST meeting in the ney,
hall viii be- Tuesday, Jan. -. when the
new officers viii be- installed
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Garfield Castle.

Al the regular meetinL Monday eve
ming OF Garfield castle, knights Of the
officers was deferred until the first
regular meeting in the new year on
January ).
The members of Garfield Castle are
making plans for their annual turkey
banquet which will he held early in the
new year, probably on Saturday ev n
ing, January 3. This gathering prom
ses tn prove a very interesting ono.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Knights Templar Toast.

The members of Montrose command
cry, knights Templar will offer a
special Christmas toast at ~ o'clock
tomorrow i'm honor of Most Eminent
Grand Master Arthur Macarthur, OF
Troy, y. V, the hour being one which
corresponds with the time designated
by knights Templar Ia all parts OF
the world tor this simultaneous az.
ton
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Calumet Encampment.

ment. |. .. o. T.. will hold their reGu.
lar meeting on Frdav evening and
will confer the second degree. After
wards there will be a social session
and smoker AS important business is
TO come up for consideration, u largo
attendance is desired
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Norwegian Fremad Society.

At recent meeting Of the Norweg
ian Frcmad society, the following Of.
hcers were elected for the ensuini
year:
T.. M.---Iohn BrcVik.
" r. M.-Andrew Lind
l.. Slams -. Hagen
+. S.-Sigurd Nyhus
K-I. w. Frimodig.
v NJ Louis Strom.
r. NJ. Henry BorchGreVink
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24

a very interesting one and there will
bee a social session in connection
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Election Is Deferred

Al the regular meeting last week
Of the local branch of the National AS
ISOLATION of Letter Carriers. the cleo
ton which was scheduled for this
month was deferred until the next
meeting, which probably will not he
held urtil January.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Calumet Maceabees.

The regular review of Calumet Tent
X O. Y. VI. NJ. which was to IA - been
ferred until Monday evening, Dec 80
There will he no review of Calumet
Tent ON Thursday evening, Jan | New
Years day
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24

of the Philippine people. members Of
the Military order of the Carabaos
have undertaken the revision of some
of their naughtiest ditties. and en-
crossed copies of the revisions have
been delivered at the White House.
There once was "A song called
Damn, Damn. Damn the Filipinos. ="
hut it was changed. out Of respect 10
higher authority, To Damn, Damn
Damn the lnSurrectos." Now il haI be
come completely idealized. 1t now runs
Kiss, kiss. kiss the nsurrecto.
Soft eyed. happy little host
Underneath the starry dome
In their lovely island home.
CviliZe the precious dears with tea
and toast"
F.II al,
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24

Or. Mary Walker is 10 become a
vaudeville attraction next month
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
Joint installation.

The newly elected officers of Calu-
met lodge. IT, 4 \. NJ, and of Calu-
met chapter. H. \, NJ, viii be Install
ed at joint session on Saturday eve
ming, The gathering premises to prove
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-12-24
German Aid Society.

The members of the German Aid so.
ciety will meet Friday evening to elect
officers for the ensuing year Other
important business also will be trans
pptpd