Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1913-08-12


get 1t and beat the negro making a
reckless bargain for 1t.
"For these and many other reasons
I hope this conference will start an
agitation in south Carolina for the
segregation OF the races and carry II
along with Its campaign for home
ownership. In fact, the two should
go aIong logetner and must go along
together IL the home-ownershIp CAM
,aigm Ior rural districts Is to be sue
cessful 1t will be ten times easier
TO sell homes in the country and farm
ers will be willing to pay much more
Tor them, II assured tnat an adequate
white SOCIAL lie will be provided.
''And / do not speak OF this big
subject merely from observation but
because my own father was forced to
leave the old homestead in his old
age because of the growing prepon-
oerance or negro neighbors; because
that home To-Day is vacant for the
same reason; because my cousin on
the edge or the farm will probably
be forced to move because OF the
same conditions; and because similar
conditions exist in 10000 neighbor-
HOODS throughout the south.
II wish / mad more time to devote
to the subject Of home-ownershtp but
other speakers will elaborate 1t. and
wish only TO congratulate you upon
recognizing Its fundamental import
ance In commonwealth-Duild and
especially in the development or a
great rural civilization. This Is what
1 heard. over and over again In Ire
land and Denmark last summer-that
the revolution in farm LIE in those
countries, the development In each OF
them or beautiful and puissant rural
civilization, had been due chiefly to
Just two things-education and home
ownership. And in each OF these
countries the government has pro-
vided tor lending money repayable In
small instaiiments through 81 years
or more 10 nelp worthy tarm laborers
ana tenants buy lana. Certainly 1t
ought 10 be possible to buy land on
The amortization plan here In the
south; ana certainly our system OF
taxation snould be so revised as 70
tax small homes less heavily and lands
heia Tor speculation more heavily.
Practical Education.
Il said in the outset that our
greatest need Is predominant white
populatIon, grouped IN white commu-
nIlies, home owning and trained
uoIh young ana olu--to q high degree
or emclency. l have already referred
prieny 10 the need for making our
schooIs practical, but the subject GER
tainiy demands fuller treatment.
"Ine plain ruth is that we are not
getting out OF our schools wnat We
ought TO get out OF them, and we are
nol golng 10 do so until our FARMERS
Unions and other farmers organiza-
nons organize a verttable reDellion
against the Dlighting mediaevaiism OF
the present system. l saw the other
uay, lor example, not unusual bud
get or expenses tor an American city
school system. 1t showed that 10
Genus or It's every dollar is spent for
Latin, IL cents of every dollar for
French, Genus for German and
cent Tor Greek-a total OF 30 Genus or
each dollar Tor these foreign languages
while one-half OF = one cent in each
dollar goes for shopwork and me-
chanical drawing and less than hall
cent for domestic science-3S times
as much spent to teach foreign Ian
guages that not one boy In q hunderd
Will ever use, as to give training for
work that all should use. And all this
In the race Of the fact that so eminent
u classical scholar as Ambassador
James bryce says In his new book
that nalr the boys who study Latin
and fiye-sixths OF those who study
creek, never get far enough to get
anything Whatever from the Itera-
ture.
I'm our country elementary schools
the situation Is just as bad or worse,
Our whole rural school system, In
TACT, has been backed and hewed TO
int the prOcrustean bed OF the city
model. In your spelling book, for
instance, where do you find such
words us calves, singie-tree, mattock,
etc? Made by city people for city
people, the books ana teaching have
not been adapted to the needs OF the
country children. We shall take a
long step forward when the farm boy
mas proportlonately fewer problems In
arithemtic about foreign exchange
and latitude and longitude and the
meteric system Of weights and meas
ures, ana more about how to calcu-
late a feeding ration for cows or a
fertilizer formula from certain guam
titles or potash, phosphoric acid and
nitrogen and when he studies proper
tionally less about far-away Aus
tralia and Kamchatka, and more
about the soil that he walks over
ana plows in every day Of his life.
Things to Resolve On.
"Our farmers, themselves, how
ever, are largely to blame. The law
provides for teaching such practical
subjects as agriculture and hygiene
and sanitation, but 1t Is doubtful
whether one country child In ten now
studies them. Here Is a chance foI
our farmers to come forward AND
help a mighty movement along. Lei
them show themselves as progressive
as a state superintendent OF educa-
ton, who said to me the other day
that farm boy had better study
health than history, and agriculture
than geography-if he had to choose
Let us resolve on these things:
| "(1) That every South Carolina
farm boy over II, shall study agri-
culture this fall.
"(2) That every boy and girl over
liz shall study the health book.
"(3) That every girl who can shall
study domestic science. 4,i.
"4) That three times as many
boys and girls shall be enrolled ir
corn club and tomato club work mex
year. nv
1--WE also need to get over the idea
| that ii is not necessary to educate
people, to train them for greater effi'
cheney, after they are 21. We never
finish now until we die,' as Walter
Page puts 1t, and the old men pas
| | found attending the agriculture
short course in Denmark last year are
types of the eternal thirst for progress
which must mark any puissant peo'
pie. The farm demonstration worF
which has brought new knowledge
/ new spirit and new zeal for labor
to tens Of thousands Of old, gray
headed farmers in South Carolina
this is an educational work as surely
as the teaching Of arithmetic In the
schools.
| . Rural Cooperation.
1.-THE other planks in my platform
Of rural development-deal chiefly
| with matters Of rural cooperation
are perhaps too technical for gen
eral audience. and 1t is better to elab
crate them in speaking to audiences
composed chiefly of farmers. l dc
wish to emphasize this fact, however
that while great results are to be
achieved by better methods of marx
citing and rural cooperation, tne
south Is still a hundred years be-
hind the times in agricultural meth
ods and we must continue to en-
phasize better farming along WITT
| better business