Mexico Missouri message., 1913-04-10
WILSON SUBMITS
FIRST MESSAGE
Congress in Extra Session Is
Told What President Ex-
poets Done
DOCUMENT UNUSUALLY BRIEF
Tariff Schedules, Says Chief Exeeu-
tive, Must Be Altered to Conform
With Modern Conditions Ac-
cordne to Party's Pledge.

Washington, April Sin his first
message to congress, document of
unusual breyity, President Wilson to-
day told the senate and house what
he and the country expect in the way
of revision of the tariff, the task for
which mainly the extraordinary SEES
sion was called. Following is the
text Of the message.
To the Senate and House Of Repre-
sentatives:
| have called the congress together
in extraordinary session because a
duty was laid upon the party now in
mower at the recent elections which it
ought to perform promptly, in order
that the burden carried by the people
under existing law may be lightened
as soon as possible and in order. also.
that the business interests Of the
country may not be kept too long in
suspense as to what the fiscal changes
are TO be to which they will be re-
quirec to adjust themselves. 1t is clear
to the whole country that the tariff
duties must be altered. They must
be changed to meet the radical altera-
ton in the conditions of our economic
life which the country has witnessed
within the last generation.
While the whole face and method of
our Industrial and commercial life
were being changed beyond recogni-
ton the tariff schedules have re-
NAMED what they were before the
change began, or have moved in the
direction they were given when no
large circumstance of our Industrial
development was what II is today
Our task Is to square them with the
actual facts. The sooner that is done
the sooner we shall escape from suf.
fering from the facts and the sooner
our men of business will be free to
thrive by the law of nature (the ma
ture OF free business) instead of by
the law Of legislation and artificial ar
rangemcnt.
Business Not Normal.
We have seen tariff legislation
wander very far afielL in our day
very far indeed from the field in which
Jul luibhl nave u hOl
NAL growth and stimulation. No one
who looks the facts squarely in the
face OF knows anything that lies be
meath the surface of action can fail tC
perceive the principles upon which
recent tariff legislation has beer
based We long ago passed beyond
the modest notion of protecting the
fpduutr ipa nf tho oo,i,,fry ond tnpyaf
boldly forward to the idea that they
were entitled to the direct patronage
of the government. For a long time
time so long that the men now active
in public policy hardly remember the
conditions that preceded tive have
sought in our tariff schedules to give
each group OF manufacturers or pro
ducers what they themselves though
that they needed in order L
maintain a practically exclusive
market as against the rest of the
world. Consciously or unconsciously
we have built up q set of privileges
and exemptions from competition be
hind which II was easy by any. ever
the crudest, forms OF combination u
organize monopoly; until at last moth
ing Is normal, nothing is obliged tC
stand the tests of efficiency and econ
omy, in our world of big business, bu
everything thrives by concerted ar
rangement. Only new principles o
action will save US from a final hare
capitalization OF monopoly and
complete loss of the Influences tina
quicken enterprise and keep inde
pendent energy alive.
II Is plain what those principles
must be. We must abolish everything
that bears even the semblance OF priv
flege or OF any kind of artificial ad
vantage, and put our business mel
apd producers under the stimulation
of constant necessity to be efficient
economical, and enterprising, MASTER
OF competitive supremacy, bette
workers and merchants than any II
the world. Aside from the duties lai,
upon articles which we do not, Ant
probably cannot, produce, therefore
and the duties laid upon Injuries an,
merely for the sake OF the revenue
they yield. the object OF the tariff du
ties henceforth laid must be effectiv
competition, the whetting of Amer
can wits by contest with the wits o
the rest of the world.
Development, Not Revolution.
II would be unwise to move towar
this end headlong. with rockies
haste, or with strokes that cut at tn
very roots Of what has grown u
amongst us by long process and a
our own invitation. 1t does not alte