davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30
z WLOCH.

Rzym, 80 wrzeSnia. - Zdrowie
Papieza zdaje sic pogorszy}o sic
jednak, dzisiejsze bowiem telegra-
my donosza, ze lekarze zatrzy--
mali Ojca Sw., W Iozku ma tydzien
/ wciaz przy jego fozu czuwaja.
Niedyspozycya ma pochodzic
gIownie z przemeczenia-
Piza, 80 wrzeSnia. - krol pod
pisai dekert rOzwiazuJqcy parla-
ment obecny rozpisuj9cy move
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30
ALBANIA V0jVjE....
POk6j TureckO-Bulgarsh.
WieSci z MexYku.
Papiez zaniem6gf.
z wLOCH.
KlOpOty z autOnOmia lrlandyi.
Awiatyczne Sukcesy'
RANDVTW CHTNACH.
Senzacye Niennieckie.
Osborne w wiezieniu stanOwem. - Zwycestwo ouize
.-Amerykanie strzelaia do MeXykan0w
- Rabusie - Czeka 60 Wiezienie.
Bill anti-imgraCyjny.

wybory ma pazdziernik. krol
przebywa chwilowo W zamku
swym pod Piza.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30

Glanz aozyczaja pieniq-
DE ma properta. lilo Milwaukee ay.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30
z ANGLII.

Londyn, 80 wrzeSnia. - Sir To-
masz Bowater zostaf-obrany lor-
dem-prezydentem miasta Londy-
nu: urzad obejmie dnia 9go Ii
stopada.
-Slprawa Irlandyi i jel autono-
mil powoduje Anglii wiele kiopo-
tn; ostatniem pogorszeniem spra-
wy jest zerwanie ukiadow pre-
wodcow partyjnych, jake toczy-
ly sic ostatnio: podobno pre-
mowienia zeszlej niedzieli, wro--
gle re stron obu - oGazuja, ze
poiaczenie kompromis miedzy O.
bu kierunkami sa nlemozLlWe'
Rad przecie ME tract nadzlel
przeprowadzenia swoich prolek--
tow.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30

(Dokohczerie na str. 5eJ-J:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-09-30
THE POLISH DAILY NEWS

The Oldest Polish Daily IN chicai
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
REMODEL CAR BARNS
Iowa Railway and Light Company
Preparing to Greatly Improve Build
ing For Storing cars-Rsnt New
Storage Quarters.

Work preparatory TO extensive I'M
provements TO be made in the car barn
of the Iowa Railway and Light Com
I.any. on South Third avenue has been
commenced. The company has rented
q part of the 3. F. Cummings build
ing. in the rear of the companEs up
town office. where il is transferring all
its merchandise and stores from the
car barn.
\ concrete floor is TO be laid in the
car barn, and concrete pits Will be
built under the storage tracks. 1t is
possible that later the company Wiz
enlarge the 1rackage in the car barn,
but no definite plans have been made
for any enlargement yet al'ho 1t IS
possible that that part of the building
that was formerly used for Office quar-
tiers and storage may be devoted to
storing cars
Charles Munson. the local manager,
goes 10 Paris. H.. sunday TO inspect
the new street cars that are being
built there for use in Inis city. Ne
builders have notified the company
that the cars are ready for inspection,
and they expect 10 have them ready TO
ship about March is.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
Sunday Church Services

Church services and sermon subjects
Of pastors nave been announced for
SUNDAY as follows:
Presbyterian, Rev. r. c. Westenbers
Morning. "A Cure for Religious Dys-
p=ps:a"; evening. Martin Luther and
the Great Protestant Reformation"
The second in a series Of illustrated
sermons on Great Reformers and
Their Reforms.
ST Paul's Episcopal. Rev. H. NJ.
Babin Morning. The Question of
Authority; vespers. Joseph" a ser
mon in z historical series
Congregational. Rev. B. F. Martin
Morning. Rev. r F. Huraburt will ex-
change i1u!pits with the pastor; YES
pers. Tine Sincerity Of Christ
African Methodist, Rev l. H. Kim
ney-Afternoon service at O'Clock:
Sunday school at g.
Baptist Rev. James McGee-Morn-
ing. Religion and the Modern Man. a
plea for concrete spiritual religion;
evening, The Supreme Choice" the
las, of series of sermons on The
Choices That Determine Life.
Central Church of.Christ. Rev. g. H.
Morris-Morning. Standing the Test"
evening. Losing the Substance by
Cha sing the Shadow
First United Evangelical, Rev W. r.
Oursler-Morning Pitching Your Tent
Toward Sodom;" evening. "A Safe
Refuge"
FRS, German Evangelical, Rev. Karl
Rest-Morning. The Cross and
Sword" evening, Jesus Before the
High Priests, Annas and Caiaphas."
Spirit ualist-F. A. Thomas. mission
airy Of the State Spiritualists Associa-
ton Of Iowa will speak at 1880 at the
A. o. L. W. hall on the subject. "Spir-
itualism Explained"
Elm Norwegian Lutheran-Rev. G.
K Thompson-Morning. in Norwegian,
Liberty Only in Truth" evening. in
English. Sayings Of Men and Sayings
Of God"
Methodist, Rev. r. f. Hurlburt-
Morning, Rev B. F. Martin will preach
in exchange with the pastor; evening
robert Louis Stevenson's Story, DR.
Jekyll and Mr.. HYDE as illustrating
Paurs Teaching"
Bethany United Brethren. Rev. c. E
Pilgrim-Morning, 1.-The Influence OF
washington;" evening, THE Brigh,
Forever
Iowa Soldiers Home. Rev. Jesse Cole
Afternoon, Rev. J. p. staunachei
will preach.
First Church Of Christ, Scientist
| Morning subject, Mind.
Pentecostal Church Of the Nazarene
Rev. F. ]. Thomas-Morning. Mrs
Edna Wells, Of Nashville. Tenn, vii
! preach; afternoon, praise service.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
NANON'S CO[ORS
GIVEN 70 SCHOOLS
G, A r. OF CITY PRESENTS TEN
FLAGS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS
FRIDAY.
PATRIOTIC PROGRAMS
IN ALL THE BUILDINGS
Five Hundred Students Witness Ex'
ercises at High School, Where Forty
Members Of Post Assemhle-Rev. z.
=, Hurlburt Delivers Address, and
Presentation is Made by c. II. Brock.

Before an audience of 500 students
of the Marshalltown high school al the
manual training buildins Friday after
noon, Frank NJ. Thomas Post, No "a,
G. A r.. made the formal presentation
OF United States flags 10 the public
schools Of the city. -Four Of the flags
were turned over for use in the high
school building, and six others were
formally presented q, the same hour in
the ward buildings by the principal of
each building.
AT the high school the presenta ton
Of the flags on behalf Of the post was
made by & H Brock, who spoke i'm
pressively of what the flag stood for.
and gave a brief sketch Of the civil war
and how TIE men Of the country had
lived and died for the honor Of the
flag Superintendent Aaron Palmer
responded on behalf OF the schools. and
the student body gave a vote Of thanks
10 the post Forty members OF the
post we're present and occupied SEATS
on the platform.
Frank T. Nokes. busler AT the SOL
diers' home. sounded Ihe revei!e and
assembly calls on the 'husie Rev +
{ WeS:snhe-s asked he inYoca, zion
which was followed by The singing Of
The Star SpangleG Banner, led by
Miss Eliza beth Welien2. Yer. supervisor
Of music in N. schools. Thomas H2ines
and Miss Luelia Hill played The &C
com ari.l.ent on the piano and violin.
Rev. Eci!o = Hu7l&u-! gave splendid
address on the history Of the flag just
preceding the presentation Of the colors.
In closing. the national hymn
america. ,;..2s sung w the audience.
after which the students salured the
aas ard Bugle- Nokes sounded taps,
The students then a-cse, and stood IN
line. as the wh!ta-haired survivors OF
Americas great struggle fled OF: OF
the assembly room.
Exercises at Ward Buildings.
4, ;h=. 6iGeren, ward buildings at
100 tia principals presented the flass
in .h4 name Of the post. and votes Of
thanks We're extended cy The children
The flags were also saiuts6 by the
children The different flags ara 20 be
placed IN the Railways Of the buildings
a.ar the main entrance doors, where
the children will pass under them daily
as they enter and leave Ihe buildings
short programs il conmarnora-ion
If yyashi-gtcn's birthday were given
il The 6ire-en, ward buildings in con-
rect!oa with the flag presentations
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
tomato cannico Acreage.

We are still taking on tomato acre
age aitho the res, of our needs are nov
entirely contracted.
To those who have not Investigated
the possibilities on this crop as are
giving most excellent returns from
your land. We sugges. your attention
10 II
Our green house Will be started next
week IN the work OF planting tomato
sets. We should have all additional
acrea &c booked so we can provide the
mos; satisfactory sets Tor YOU. Western
GIoce, Mills.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
SNOWFALL HEAVY.
More The, Six Inches On Level
Sore Roads Are Dri.tet

SNOW That fell Friday and part Of
he night. together with the l!ghr fall
Thursday nigh, covered the ground 10
a depth q more than six inches on a
level. The fall, measured as precip:ta-
ton. amounted 10 60 Of at inch Fri
cay. while tina. q Thursday night vas
- OF ar inch.
TIE extremes Of temperature Friday
were 81 ard i, compared with 80 and
3 so- Thursday, and % and above
for 3 year ago Friday. A. o'clock
this morning the temperature was u
above. FIVE degrees colder than at the
same hour Fr.day morning.
The snow that fell during the night
vas iigh. and dritted some in the open
country. but NOT enough 10 delay seri-
o,2zly the movement Of trains. Most OF
the trains carrying passengers during
the night and his morning we're p-ac-
IDEALLY on tina some Of the country
roads near this city are quite badly
frif--3
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
TEAM BREAKS PLATE WINDOW.
Horses Back and PIanks on Wagon
Are Thrust Thru Glass.

Horses Back and PIanks on Wagon
Are Thrust Thru Glass.
The big plate glass in the window
of what was formerly the office OF the
Marshalltown Light, Power & Railway
Company, at the car barn, South Ihlrd
avenue, was broken early this fore
noon by dray team. The glass is val
ued at SOS. The team, which was
owned by John Plum was standing at
the curb. with the end of the wagon
backed against the curb, while work
men were loading planks on the wagon.
1t is claimed a street car that can,s
along caused the team to back up sud-
denly to get out of the way OF the car.
and the ends of the planks that We're
on the wagon were thrust thru the
window. breaking 1t into many pieces.
The building is owned by the Iowa
Railway and Light Company.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
SPRING SUlTlNG NOW IN.
Complete Stock. Consisting Of Large
and Beautiful Variety.

We have a large assortment of blue
serges in all the popular designs.
most pleasing variety OF tans and
browns, ranging all the way from the
!ightest. delicious shades to the deep
rich somber shades. and in tasty eff
fecis never before seen on display. We
have an exceptionally large variety in
the sreys. in about every new shade
and design.
They are all ready for Your inspec-
ton. The material and work Is better
then ever. Cali early.
NATIONAL WOODEN MILLS
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22

While the wrecking crew was at work
clearing the tracks . workman was
knocked down by = timber, but only
hurt slightly.
The collision resulted by reason OF
the heavy smoke of . Northwestern
freight, pulling out for the east, OBJ
securing the vision Of the freight engi-
neer, who failed to see the switch en-
CINE
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
ENGINES COLLIDE: DAMAGED.
Freight Engine coliides With Switch
Train in M. e ST. L. Yards.

When an N & s.. L. switch engine.
pulling a long string OF cars, was GO
ing east over the Third avenue cross
ing e; g. 80 Friday night. the engine
collided with the locomotive pulling thru
freight No So into the city from the
east Both engines we're damaged, es-
uscialy the switch engine. the lighter
Of the TWO. Three freight cars hauled
by the switch engine were also dam
aged badly. 10 one was injured. altho
both the engineer and the fireman of
the switch engine we're compelled TO
i,arnr, in order 10 avoid injuries.
The switch engine was completely
derailed by the impact, and the front
trucks Of the freight engine went off
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
MODERN
POINT
OF VIEW.

If on wish
your children to
be Christians. YOU
must take { h e
rou b lie to be
Christians Your
Selves.-Woodrow
Wilson.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
10 PER CENT OFF
" You Have Laundry Work Done, Why
Not Save On it7-You Can IL You Get
Our Coupon Beek-Ask Our Driver

The Palace laundry well known in
this city for its excellent workmanship
and finish Of your laundry, now offers
you coupon books whereby you save
10 per cent on your laundry bills. Books
are sold from 81 to $40. Call or ask
the driver This is strictly cash
laundry that's how we can offer you
such a discount.
FIJI. HAIR, Proprietor.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1913-02-22
Gard of Ikanka.

We wish to thank the neighbors and
other friends for their sympathy shown
by flowers and in other ways. at the
death Of our mother, Mrs. Frances
Smith Mr.. and Mrs, James Brickeg.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09

Queen Anne's county candidates who
have filed their sworn statements with
Clerk of the Circuit Court William F.
Watson spent $2,2276O in the recent
primary. The largest individual
amount was spent by John r. George,
chairman of the State Central Com
mittee who filed "a statement for
$14335 Several candidates spent
nothing A. Howard Johnson, treas
urer of the Blair Lee fund, expended
5000; James T. Earle, treasurer Of
the Progressive Democratic faction,
$777.f5, and William E. Clough, treas
urer of the organization Democratic
faction, $207.65.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
$1,74o,ooo State Roads Four Per Cent.
At 97.O81.

The offering of $1,740,000 of per
cent State road bonds, bids for which
were opened in the executive Office at
Annapolis Thursday developed some
active bidding by Baltimore and New
York banking houses The bids show
ed a higher range of prices than pre-
vailed at the last offering of similar
bonds, made in July, and the award
was made at more than per cent, ad-
vance over the prices then obtained.
The entire issue was awarded to J. S.
Wilson, Jr, & Co., of Baltimore, and
White, Weld & Co, of New York, at
their joint bid of 97.081. The trans
action shows the improved demand for
good investment bonds which has been
manifest for some time The banking
houses evidently know where they can
place the bonds at profit. The Safe
Deposit and Trust Company, of Balti-
more, bid a higher price for 100000,
but the Board of Public Works deem
ed it wiser to take the full bid and
dispose of the lot in single block.
Moreover, the successful bidders stipu-
lated that their bid was for all or
none All the rest Of the bids would
not have yielded anything approximate
ing the figure accepted. The bid of
the Safe Deposit and Trust Company,
however. shows that the bonds will be
in demand for trust estates and also
by savings banks.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
JAPAN SEEKING
EQUAL RIGHTS
Land Ownership in Any State
in the Union.
DEPARTMENT SURPRISED.
Will Ask For An Agreement With
This Government Giving Even
Terms Of Ownership With the
Citizens OF Any Other Nation.

Washington.-Surp was express
ed at the State Department at the re-
port from Toxic that another note
bearing upon the California anti-alien
land legislation had been dispatched
to Washington. The last Japanese
note presented more than a fortnight
ago remains unanswered and it has
been assumed that the negotiations
temporarily would be held in allegiance
until the return of Counsellor John
Bassett Moore, who has been in direct
charge of the correspondence in the
latest phases. Mr.. Moore has been
on a months vacation and returned to
Washington only Wednesday. By
mutual agreement the principles have
sought to maintain the strictest Sc
crecy as to the various steps in the
negotiations. 1t is reported here,
however, that the Japanese govern
ment has reached the conclusion that
it cannot successfully meet the con-
tention of the State Department that
the California Land Law is not in con-
fiict with the existing treaty, and has
decided to seek a new convention.
Unofficial information from Japan
indicates that Japan instead of seek
ing to substitute for the Knox treaty
of 1911 an entirely new convention of
general scope, is inclined to ask for an
agreement that will in conventional
terms recognize the right of Japanese
land ownership in any state of the
United States on even terms with the
citizens Of any other nation.
The attitude of the State Depart
ment regarding such a proposition re-
mains to be developed.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
EIGHT DAYS IN
A LIVING TOMB
Rescued Miner Comes Out, De-
claring He Feels Bully.
HIS NARROWING EXPERIENCE
Toshesky Was Able, To The Sur
prise OF All, To Walk Unaided
After Leaving His Prison
Home.

Centralia, Pa.-Thomas Toshesky,
prisoner for eight days in an aban-
doned chamber of the Continental
Mine of the Lehigh Valley Coal Com
pany, walked into the open air a free
and comparatively well man Saturday
morning. He was taken to his home
in Centralia, three miles away from
his underground prison, and at once
put to bed, apparently no worse for
his remarkable experience.
1t was 7.15 o'clock when the last
barrier of coal was driven away and
Toshesky crawled through the open
ing from his prison chamber into the
tunnel which had been steadily driven
toward him by eager, willing rescuers.
Seven minutes later the first intima-
ton was given to the outside world
that the big task was completed and
the prisoner was free. This was when
a miner crawled to the mouth of the
for blankets and hot water to be sent
down.
The work of getting the man ready
for his exit occupied the next few
minutes, and at 7.38 o'clock a file of
men emerging from the heading her
aided the approach of the hero of the
occasion. Toshesky came from the
hole with a gray blanket wrapped
about his shoulders. Back of him was
miner with hands appraised ready
to assist if he should be needed, but
Toshesky walked with astonishing
agility considering his experience.
A Narrowing Experience.
Describing his experience Toshesky
he would be crushed to death, as sew
eral thousand wagOnloads of coal piled
toward him from the bottom Of the
breast In fact, two breasts of coal
ran away. Continuing, Toshesky said,
through an interpreter:
MY dinner bucket and coat at the
bottom of the breast were lost as the
coal rushed. | had all my mine tools
with me and my lamp was burning. |
had half quart of oil in a can by my
side. Sizing up the situation, found
! was entombed in a space by Is
feet. I had been entOmbed twice be
fore and rescuers soon got me out.
| felt that they would again take care
of me, From Friday until Tuesday
! was without anything to eat and on
the last day my oil gave out. I was
in darkness. 1t was a dismal period
from then until the rescuers drove the
bore hole through. After | got sew
eral drinks of eggnog I felt like new
man"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
EXPRESS PLUNGEs OVER BANK.
Passengers Fight Each Other In Panic
and Darkness.

Erie, Pa.-Thirteen victims of the
wreck of a westbound through pas
senger train on the Philadelphia and
Erie Railway were reported recover
ing at the hospitals here. The train.
running at high rate of speed, struck
an obstruction on the rails near Car
land, Pa. The engine, mail and four
passenger cars rolled down a 30-foot
embankment. For several minutes
the passengers fought each other in a
panicky effort to extricate themselves
from the twisted wreckage Railroad
employees rushed from the Garland
yards and managed to quell the panic.
The injured were assisted to the town,
where medical aid was obtained. The
more seriously hurt were brought
here for hospital treatment. Most Of
the injured were residents of this
vicinity.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
WILSON SIGNS
TARIFF BILL
Law Effective at Once and Col
leCtorS are Notified.
CURRENCY REFORM URGED.
President Uses Two Pens In Atfixins
His Signature, One Going To
Simmons and the Other
To Underwood.

Washington.-Sur Surrounded by the
leaders of united Democracy, Presi-
dent Wilson signed the Underwood
Simmons Tariff bill at 9O9 o'clock
Friday night at the White House.
Simultaneously kilograms were sent
to customs collectors throughout the
country by the Treasury Department
putting into actual operation the first
Democratic tariff revision since 1894.
The act becomes effective imme-
diately.
A happy group of legislators, mem
bers of the Cabinet and friends en-
circled the President as he smilingly
sat down and slowly affixed his sigma
ture with two gold pens. He presented
to Representative Underwood the pen
that had written the word Woodrow
and the one which had complete his
name to Senator Simmons. Both
recipients bowed their appreciation.
In impressive silence the President
rose and delivered in easy, natural
tones an eXtempOraneous speech that
brought prolonged applause.
Asks Currency Legislation.
The President declared that the
journey of legislative accomplishment
had only been partly completed; that
a great service had been done for the
rank and file of the country, but that
the second step in the emancipation
of business was currency reform. He
earnestly called upon his colleagues
to go the rest of the journey" with
fresh impulse.
Gentlemen, l feel very peculiar
pleasure said the President, in
what have just done by way of taking
part in the completion OF a great piece
of business. 1t is pleasure which is
very hard to express in words ade-
quate to express the feeling. because
the feeling that have is that we have
done the rank and file of the people
of this country great service. 1t is
hard TO speak of these things without
seeming to go off into campaign elo-
quence, but that is not my feeling. 1t
is one very profound, a feeling of pro
found gratitude that, working with the
splendid men who have carried this
thing through with studious attention
and doing justice all round | should
have had part in serving the people of
this country as we have been striving
to serve them ever since | can re-
member"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
CHIEF IRWIN CLEARED.
Anne Arundel Commissioners Dismiss
Charges Against officer

BY a vote of 4 to 3, the County Com
missioners of Anne Arundel dismissed
the charges of conduct unbecoming an
officer and of non-performance Of duty
preferred against Chief of Police Thos.
Irwin, of Brooklyn, by Rev. w. w.
Davis, of the Lords Day Alliance, and
Rev. w. S Hanks, of Brooklyn Com
missioners Smith, Beard and Petit
bone voted in the negative, with Com
missioners Walton, Wayson, Brown
and Shepherd voting to dismiss the
charges After hearing that Irwin had
no means of employing special officers,
unknown to Jack Flood and the
other resort keepers, TO get evidence of
liquor law violations, the compliments
withdrew their first charge, but press
ed the one of unofficer-like conduct
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09

Rev. Thomas E. Martindale, of Sails
bury, a former pastor of the Elkton
Methodist Episcopal Church. who re-
Gently celebrated his SEVENTEEN birth
day, will complete in March a continu-
Gus service in the ministry of 80 years.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1913-10-09
at. r." OFF FOR TROPICS.
Sails For South America On Lecture
And Exploring Tour.

New York.-Theodor Roosevelt and
party, bound for South America, where
the Colonel will first lecture and then
explore portions of the continent hith-
erto untrod by white men, sailed on
the steamer Vandyke. Like his East
African trip, the Colonel proposes to
make his South American trip one
Of many aspects aside from the pleas
ure of it. His chief interest probably
lies in the proposed penetration of the
interior Of Brazil, with a party of fell
low-naturalists under auspices of the
American Museum of Natural History,
but the earlier part of the six months
which he will spend in South America
will be devoted to addresses upon
American democracy, which he has
been invited to deliver before uni
yersities and other bodies.