davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19
SAMUEL G0MPERs.

every day In my company. I read his
law books, and his employer was kind
enough to offer me a students place with
as much pay as / was earning at my
trade. Lawyers, l understood. as Is their
and that to me was a repugnant pros
pect. I could not to-day argue a cause
1 knew or felt to be wrong or unjust
My German friend passed his bar ex-
animation in due time. He hastened to
me and thanked me before he saw or
thanked any one else. Again ] had an
opportunity to take up law, but I de-
cided to work at my trade and give such
talent as / might possess to the cause
which. in my opinion. was first among
the questions that Interested and d.
vided the world. / have never regretted
the choice. Judge Alton b. Parker, who
has talked our law cases over with me
far into the night, has been gracious
enough to say that I should have been a
lawyer. Nevertheless, the bar of the
country, as I see the matter. has done
just as well without me-"
What wages did you earn while q
cigarmaker?''
From S13 to SIS a week after first COM
ing TO America. Subsequently / earned
as much as So. ! was married the day
after ! was seventeen. My wages then
were 81 a week. I often say that I have
always been n married man: that I can't
remember the time when Mrs. Gompers
wasn't my wife. We asked permission
OF no one: just dressed ourselves in our
best and went out and were married.
looked like a man Of thirty. Indeed. 1
had a big, black mustache when / was
fifteen. Up to the age OF forty there was
scarcely any change in my appearance.
At twenty I seemed 10 be forty and at
forty l looked no different
Il am still cigarmaker. and could
earn IS. and perhaps 81. a week were l
to return to my bench: that is, of course.
after my fingers had relearned their old
tricks"
Copyright. Isl3. By James B. MorruwJ
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19
Minority Rule in Ohio.
From the Springfield Republican.

rum tbe Sifihgnetd heTub1c1n.
Too much stress has been put on III.
fact that ohio's radical constitution wa s
adopted by the minority Of the whole
electorate. Majority rule is the exception
even in a democracy, and even in the
choice of one out of two candidates,
where the popular choice has the fullest
chances. ii Is usually the minority with
opinions which swings the scale this way
or that. 1t may be that one party is
overwhelmingly in the majority but this
only shifts the point OF minority con-
troll to the nominations instead of the
election. How far preferential prima-
ries can change this is yet to be seen,
but II probably will always be true
that in some point in the career OF a
public man his fortune depends on a SEN
timent affecting only a minority of the
voters.
great in choosing men. II goes without
saying that 1t must be greater still in
deciding questions of policy. The average
voter can make up his mind more easily
for or against a candidate than for or
against a constitutional amendment or a
plan for a new charter. That a decision
on such matters should usually lie with
a minority of the electorate is a matter
Of course. This is no argument against
popular suffrage nor a reason for dis
trusting the rule of the people But it
is a very sound reason indeed why the
majority which is really a minority
should use its power with moderation,
especially in the matter of restrictive leg
islation
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19
Depressing the Rich.

LetteT N the New York Tine-
Not long ago the Times contained a
news item to the effect that the ferry
man at Tarrytown had eracted O, ! n
Rockefeller the sum of SIS TO carry him
and his automobile across the Hudson.
Mr. Rockefeller having arrived after
ferry hours. and that before the boat
started two other autoists came along to
cross. and they were charged s. each.
Mr. Rockefeller objected to the discrim-
ination. but the ferryman held him I'd
just the same, and everybody in hearing
seemed to think that il was no more than
right that the rich man should pay, and
he was a tight wad" for objecting to
the charge. Now what I want to know
Is. has rich man no rights that other
people are bound to respect?
OF course. Mr.. Rockefeller was ao!er
to pay SIS than the other two were to
pay s. each, no matter who they were.
but Is that any reason why he should be
subjected TO extortion? II II was right to
make him pay SIS for similar service done
for others for s IL was quite as right to
pinch him for 81 500 because he was able
to pay IL. The less-rich people in this
country are everlastingly talking about
there being one kind of justice for the
rich man and another for the poor man
and crying out against the crime OF dis
elimination, yet whenever these Same
people get a chance to hand out one
kind Of justice to the rich man and an
other to the poor man they do II gladly
end consider that II Is anything but
crime.
Indeed. they believe II to Be exceedingly
commendable. Our rich have many inde-
fensible points, but this certainly Is not
one OF them. In my opinion n that
Tarrytown ferryman were instead the
power behind the Standard Oh Company
its record would be far worse than IL Is
,reptted to be
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19

mighty contests, the workers gained
some rights. But nothing was granted
That which was won came only after
long toll and a hard struggle 1t Is so
now. With some notifications, the bat
tie to-day is the same as the battle five
centuries ago. These matters were PLAIN
TO me as 1 read the chronicles of the
human race. So I enlisted while q boy
on the side of the workers. and 1 have
remained with them ever since.
How He Learned Orntory.
Back in London heard workingmen
talk about the civil war in the United
States. Human beings were being held
in bondage. Their bodies belonged to
their masters. Their labor enriched 9TH
ers. The workers of England, and I
heard their discussions every day, ap-
proved the North and condemned the
South. I Joined a debating club after
We settled in New York. There was no
fixed purpose in my mind at that time
with respect to a future occupation, but
/ now believe that unconsciously to my
self was being prepared for the life
was afterward to choose.
The club was called the Rising Star
Moot Court. We debated questions and
argued and tried cases. l never cared
to act as prosecutor. though l accepted
my assignments in the regular order and
routine OF club management. l loved,
however, to act with the defense. Thus
my temperament was revealed, 1 might
say, rather young in life. As a Judge.
i leaned, II at all, toward the accused.
1 learned parliamentary law. and my
training then was of great advantage to
me many years later. Men say that 1
am fair presiding officer. / think that
is so. II / favor any one while l am
in charge OF a meeting. 1t Is the man
whose opinions are contrary to my own.
We learned much at the meetings OF the
Rising Star Moot Court. Eventually, we
turned II into a fraternal society, and
later made II an Odd Fellows lodge"
You might have been switched away
from the workers by your experience and
into the legal profession l said
Never" MIR. Gompers answered. "A
German boy. fresh from Europe, came
into our neighborhood. He could speak
no English; I could speak very little Ger
man at the time. Work was found for
him in a brush factory. l knew he was
lonely and friendless, and, therefore,
threw myself in his way just TO cheer
him up. He Joined our club and I had
him elected secretary. and helped him
keep his records. He was a good, in
dustrious and ambitious boy. The inspi-
ration he received at our club caused him
to leave the brush factory and become a
lawyers clerk.
We roomed together. and he studied
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19
Unstable Peach Trade.

Frum the Boston Transcript.
In the deliberate destruction Of the.
largest peach orchard in Georgia may,
be seen a symptom OF the conditions
that have pretty persistently attended
the culture of the peach in this country
ever since II became an important COM,
mercial undertaking. II was only a lit
tie more than half a century ago that,
the first large commercial peach or
chards of this country began to flourish;
In Northern Delaware, and more than
twenty-five years ago disgusted peach
growers began to cut down their trees,
by the thousand. Since that time tho,
peach belt OF the Delaware and Mary,
land Peninsula has moved southwardl
fully fifty miles, and the original peach
lands of Northern Delaware are given,
20 other crops, while peach culture has
Extended to regions North, South, East:
and West A defective system of distrf-l
button first discouraged the early peach
growers by making them the victims OF
ruinous CULTS In the urban markets.
Then came peach diseases that reduced
the product of the orchards, and gave
rise to the belief that peaches could noe
long be grown profitably on the same
soil. Highly developed transportation
has since improved the method OF dis
tributing the crop. and this, together
with the growth Of cities and of the.
canning industry, has protected the
growers from giuts, but the incident In
Georgia seems to prove that the peach
problem Is not yet solved. Perhaps tho
best hope OF the peach growers lies IN
the patient work OF the agricultural a.
.certment stafiapA
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19

"On the East Side of New York, 1 saw
poverty and distress, and I caught the
philosophy of the labor movement from
the scenes l witnessed and from what I
heard and read. l quit school, as 1 said,
when 1 was ten years old, but studied
at night, borrowed many books, talked
with workers, and listened to my father,
who was a wise and well-informed man.
Since there was no qualification as to
age, Joined a cigarmakers' union In my
fifteenth year. 1 early understood the
long struggle of the people upward to-
ward better conditions.
Under the rule of tyrants, in all ages,
the sufferers have been the poor, the
workers. Any one who knows the his
tory of the world will say that the state
ment I have made is true. There was
slavery anciently and the slaves were
the men and women who did the work.
In Europe all persons not mobiles were
slaves, and the laborers on farms were
sold along with the land like cattle,
pigs, and sheep. Tyrants might disagree
among themselves, their interests might
clash. but the victims of their disagree
ments and quarrels were invariably the
poor.
Gradually. aitek great sacri6ces snd
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19

The question, 1 perceived, though it
was asked in good faith, looked like a
trap. Mr.. Gompers, no doubt, thought it
a clumsy attempt to uncover his hand.
The unfriendly critics of union labor say
that once the eight-hour day prevails
in all employments, agitation will be-
gin for a seven-hour day, and next for
a siX-hour day, and so on, until the or
ganized workers of the country shall
be in a state of suspended animation
most of the time. All this came to me
after the inquiry had been made.
at is nobody's business" Mr.. Com
pers repeated. Nor" he went on to
say. ''am / so arrogant as to hang my
own notices on the cause of labor to
the embarrassment OF the men who are
TO come after US as leaders and ad-
ministrators They will be competent to
decide and to act in their day and for
their generation, Just as we beiieye our
The Washington herald., 1913-01-19

INew
InseoL
the After brief address the saeredne.s of
I
ietn
utfea,
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
GOVERNOR BURKE /.
II ILL INV s.
SPECIAL ARRANGED
That is Name North Dakota
Train to the Wilson In
auguration Will Bear.
LEAVES THIS I T
ON %
Col. w. H. McGraw is in r
~
Charge and Has Conplet-
ed Preliminary Work.

The Governor Burke special will be
the name of the special train for the
North Dakota democrats 20 are
gong 10 Washington in u body to at
tend the Inauguration ceremonies Of
Pr~esident-elect Wilson and Vice ! resi-
dent-elect Marshall. Announcement
has been made by w. H. McGraw of
Grand Forks that the service Of sucls
IA train has been secured.
n committee in charge of the
Governor Burke special comprises
John Bruegger of Williston. demo-
cratic national committeeman: j. w.
Boeing. B. +. Brockhoff. William Col
|lins n w. ii. McGraw. The commit-
tee has taken upon itself considerable
running of g special train which will
be electric-lighted throughout and
consist of all-stecl high class up-to-
date equipment, with splendid dining
lear service.
!, II Governor Burke special will
leave Grand Forks over the Great
Northern at 10 o'clock on the evening
OF febrl1ary rs, passing through Fargo
at midnight. 1t will leave MINI napolis
AT 1855 O'Clock Saturday mornin..
March l. leave st. Paul at $3.50 O'Clock
tho same morning and arrive In Chi
cago "a; Q O'Clock Sunday murnins.
March .. Leaving tho windy city at
1880 sunday morning it will arrive in
Washington at S:26 on the morning
OF Monday. March 3. The day before
the inauguration.
The route taken both going and re-
turning, will be over tn. Great NORTH
ern. burlington and PENNSYLVANIA
lines. 1t is estimated that fully $50
democrats will bc persuaded To Join
the party in order 80 make "a lin" show
ing for Governor Burke in calling the
ayt1,,4i., - t1,. ,-- .>:-. A..
North Dakota's former democratic
executive.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
WANT TO FINISH
AHEAD OF FARGO
Grand Forks Y. M. c. A.
Workers Making Great Bid
For New Memberships.

In an effort to bring about the con.
c~lusion IF tho intcrcity Y. NJ. G. a
campaign with the Grand Forks as.
sociation ahead of Fargo. the loca,
teams arc making a brilliant bid fol-
new members today. and for the re.
ncwal of old memberships.
Tonight, as one of the features oil
the campaign. the Grand Forks as
sociation building will be open to all
mcn of the city. and the same rule will
prevail tnlnorrow--thc last day of the
campaign.
At tho present time jamestown still
holds it's lead. the fact that the asso.
citation there is nov. and that this
campaign has served as an organiza-
ton membership feature. being re.
sponsible for it's big margin. Grand
Forks holds scconn and Fargo is in
third place.
Free passes for the mon to tho vari.
! Gus Y. NJ. G. a. features arc given to-
night and tomorrow. go.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
Keep Water in cisterns.

People who p%articularize in the
matter of pure water for cooking.
drinking and washing must eventually
come to the realization hat the way
that they "a be best safeguarded is
by maintaining Il clean vessel for the
preservation of rain water. 1t is the
purcst water and the best for all our
poses. The following have had els
terms installed at their residences dur-
ing the past week: William Leike.
lGmerado: George II. Coulter. Mallory:
Daniel Galhraiti. GLE n. Fourth
street: Chris Benz. Skidmore avenue:
\. II. Lincoln. sol Walnut: Peter Lien,
.2O4 Dncctah venue Jergen 1verson.
sol Cherry street: Mrs. San Bursell,
1900 Cheyenne avenue: T. j. Hagen,
1900 block: \. i. Schave. 933 Cotton
wood street: Julius Hanson. 1924 On.
cntah avenue. AdOr johnson. goo
Dale avenue; Mrs. Anderson. .OlO
Dale avenue The Patent Concrete
company makes the ideal cistcrn. Call
and investigate their products. ONCE
and factory > t" III strong avenue.
Both phones SIS.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
New Nickel Will Soon Be
In Circulation: Here 1t Is

Tim :,psw. a.tlhil aarun to take fha
rnno 1T cstp, Gsnlfasxs m 1i;htersy
rit:ksl. width has isssn IN uzto tor
ncIrN' ::Sca:...s;. Will AIxse, f!rs -Xrrnernar
hsmn c:n ono, stfo R.ah H.l the ottner
ttc> -N-nrMce:n i1.,dt9s. -Ts.tc.rn will Ia,
no, 49,: ="
!!ns.nad VIII be the bison. 'uniie:
wth.sh appearss r.ha wu,ric, five cents
a1ZA IN 'rslris,u<s MUM"
In ,iheasn, y: wifi he rruls Arusricaa:,
]. YVES Gs.eszMeA aN James e. Fraser
o. Naw' York.
The n4xs nieskels will be pu. i,sl
circulation as. ree crc, philadelphia
mint ::ssv!Ss: Sess.r ta coin ,h..s aa
the rare c. 100 e. minute. OF cor,e
l.. will tar, sc1nn time for tn. nickel
to- welra it's WY r.Ais r. wesee. out II
shonlr La Es-es IA ahs' eomrse o. =. ea~
weeks.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
GIVE TOWNSHIPS
POWER OVER TAX
Believes Cash Payment Of
Road Revenue Possible
if Made Optional.
STRAIGHT PLAN
WAS VOTED DOWN
House Once Defeated the
Proposition, but Allowed
Reconsideration.

Representative William S. Dean OF
y Seventh legislative district believes
that the cash payment Of road taxes.
II made optional with townships, will
b." approved by the legislature this
winter; but he does not believe that
the compulsory payment Of such taxes
IN cash can be passed.
MIR. Dean was in Grand Forks, leav-
ing at noon today for Bismarck to re-
sumo his Work III the assembly.
Wednesday Of this week the Dixon
1lli, IL. Is. No. 100. will be up before
the house. being fixed as a special or
der ut 8 O'Clock. This bill provides
thai all taxes and assessments for road
purposes shall be pnid in cash and all
80 paid shall constitute a sps-
clai FUND for the Improvement OF high
ways, and shall be expended under the
direction Of the township officials
A provision Is made. however. that
In organized townships on petition Of
five electors, that the. township clerk
shall cause q ballot to he taken at the
annual township meeting on the CUES.
ton Of allowing rond taxes to be paid
in labor or in cash. If the majority
are in favor of allowing, the optional
system, then any person desiring 10
work IL his road X may do SO
under such regulation and by giving
such notice to the supervisors as may
he required.
In counties With unorganized town
ships. the county commissioners are
given authority to allow the .;orktns
out system.
Bill Was Once Killed.
This measure was killed whcn it was
before the house the first time. the
road committees reporting it out with
no provision made for working out.
being a straight cash payment Propo'
sition.
Isut the opponents of the measure
in that form allowed a reconsideration
and it was made Il special order for
Wednesday at 3 o'clock. Mr.. Dean
anticipates that the contest ON this
measure may delay consideration Of
tho DOYLE Ployhar initiative and ref
rndum measure.
UNCERTAIN as to Suffrage Fate.
MIR. Dean ,ioes not profess to know
Just what will he the fate OF the wom-
m suffrage hill in the house. but he
is inclined to the belief that tho vote
IN it will be rather close.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
H0LBE|N SEEKING
A 400 MEMBERSHIP
Secretary Of Press Associa-
ton Already Saying Good
Words for Meeting Here
PLAN TO MAKE 1T
A BIG GATHERING
Grand Forks is Host Next
SumaneT-Plans Are Be-
ing Worked Out.

Secretary Holbein OF the North Da-
kota Press association has already be-
gun to say nice things about the meet.
ing OF that organization which will be
held in Grand Forks 1cxt summer. He
declares he is going To make it the
most monsterest gathering of news.
paper men and women the state mas
ever beh0lden," or Words to that eff.
feet.
And while he is talking about the
Grand Forks meeting, he also Is talk.
Ing about memberships in the ~associa.
ton. To that end he has sent letters
to every publisher and member of the
profesh' in the state. asking them to
part With the price IF a years sub
scriptiOn1-$3-and become full tleged
press association boosters. lie thinks
there ought. to be at least 400 men,
bers, paid UP in advance and in good
standing. when the association con.
vencs here for its summer meeting,
Growth Has Been Good.
In 1910 there We're only rs mem.
bers. in 1911 there We're 1Sl members:
during 1911 there was q gain of &c
members, making the enrolment Jan.
IS. 1912. 257. On Jan. 81, 1918. the
secretary's records show that there
are now BIZ members Of the assoc,a-
tlon, thus showing a steady, healthy
growth during the past three years.
There are in the neighborhood of
les newspaper men in the state who
are not affiliated with the association;
and as all of them should be members
the s~erretary's hopes should be real
lied without a hit nf trouble.
Boom Summer Meeting.
y special effort will he made to
make the summer meeting at Grand
Forks this coming summer a monster
gathering Of the newspaper men and
women of North Dakota. and work
has begun on the program for this
meeting.
All those who are not members Of
the association should send $500 to
the secretary at l%Aansford. y. D., at
once. and Join in this great movement
to elevate the standing OF the news.
paper fraternity in the state. The IS
will also pay for the 1913 dues.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
[ENTEN RULES Of
CATHOLICS GIVEN
Were Read at Mass Sunday
NO Preference is Made
to St. Patrick's Day.

Lcnten regulations were read yes
terday in ST. Michael's Catholic church
in this city. as well as in all Roman
Catholic churches. In them there is
no reference to March Il. ST. Patrick's
day. Regulations for this holiday,
which this year falls in Holy week,
have not been received from the vati-
can.
Next Wednesday is Ash Wednesday.
and from that day until Easter sun
day. March 23, all days except Sundays
are fast days for all faithful adult
Roman Catholics. unless exempted by
the exceptions mentioned in the rules.
Poor Are Exempted.
Ihe SICK. the very poor and. in gen
eral. all who, because Of old age. ply
fast without detriment TO health. are
exempted. By virtue of a special in.
dult workingmen and their families
are permitted to use flesh meat once
a day on all days Of fasting and alb
stinence throughout the year, except
Fridays. Ash Wednesday,. the Wednes-
day and Saturday in Holy week and
during the vigil Of Christmas.
This indult was granted several
prohibit all workingmcn and thei,
families from the eating of flesh mea,
at the same meal and request tina;
they perform some other act Of NOR.
titication. such as abstaining from in.
toxicating liquors.
One Full Meal Allowed.
Those obligated to fast are restrict.
ed to one full meal each day. but ar,
permitted to eat a small quantity OF
food ut morning and at night. Alb
s%tinence from flesh meat is dispensed
with on sundays and at the principal
meal o: all other days, except Wed.
nesdays and Fridays. and the Satur.
days in Ember week and Holy week.
The use of fish with flesh meat is for
hidden at the same meal even on Sun
days in Lent. The use Of fat rendered
from any kind of meat, in the pre-
%raration OF food. is permitted.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-02-03
LECTURE is INTERESTING.
Presentation" of Dayton. Ohio. Welfare
Pictures ON This Week,

What promises to be ono OF the
most interesting lectures ever giver
in Grand Forks will be- shown at tho
Metropolitan Tuesday and Wednesday,
The story of the rrclaiming of ar
unnttrac;ivc suburb. undesirable for
homes. is told hH means Of colored
slides II motion pictures.
The method of transforming a dis.
reputable section of a city of tho mid.
die west into an attractive suburb was
SO simple that it enlisted the coop.
Grafton of not only the men AND
ome but the children as we'll.
All this work started through tho
interest taken by the National Casr
ltcgiste: company in hcttcring the
working conditions around it's factory
Women played SO great a part ir
bringing about the new order of thing.
and in changing squalid old Slider
town into attractive South Park tina
the women of Grand Forks as we'll "A.
the business mon and those interested
in civic Improvement will gain an in.
spiration from the lecture. Admission
is free.