davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1913-01-09
PAGE FOUR THE. j EF' =
Money: Its Source and Functions

From the earliest history of money
there has been associated with it
superstitious awe and fetch from
which it has never been Invested or
separated for the obvious reason
that money was made from the
same material from which pagan
deities and sacred ornaments had
been made.
This fact was taken advantage Of
by the Jews who were the merch-
ants, traders and money>changers Of
antiquity and through their Oligar-
chy taught and further impressed
this superstition and fetch upon
their people, which as an example
was adopted and taught by succeed
ing religious hierarchys, their sue
cessOrs and apOlOgists and assumed
philanthropists until it was accepted
by the priesthood, pseudo economist
until the common people accepted
the doctrine as true without serious
ly calling the philosophy into ques-
ton until the last half of the nine
teenth century when United States
civilization attacked the fetch and
are now we'll on the road toward es-
tablishing a scientific money, q mon
ey of civilization based on the in
telligence, industry and the entire
property of the country, with the
superstitions fetch completely eli
minated.
To the most superficial thinker it
is obvious that commerce cannot be
carried on between or by the people
without money better than a naviga-
+0I 10 from i
nent to continent or from port to
port without a magnetic needle or
compass.
From the best information I can
gather from the study and investl-
cation of the philosophy of money
| have arrived at the conclusion that
money is purely a creature OF law
which stands for or represents the
prerogative of the crown in mon
archy, the power Of legislatures in
a Republic, and the sovereignty Of
all the people, based on the entire
property of all the people of the ma
ton in a Democracy.
In the last analysis the true and
only function of money is to meas
ure price by denomination, to aid in
effecting exchange of commodities,
settling balances in commercial
transactions and a short method of
bookkeeping. ~
Reduced to it's lowest terms mon
ey is that thing which sovereignty of
Government clothes with legal ten
der power for one dollar to pay one
hundred cents of debt, to stop a
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1913-01-09

N primitive conditions man
found only crude material
from which to build civili-
- zation. The fishes Of the sea,
the fowls of the air, the animals of
the fields and forest, the plants and
grain of the fields,-each and all
governed by an immutable law with
the inherent power Of multiplying
and recreation, each after it's kind.
He found no telegraph, no loco
motive, no money, no dollar. The
locomotive, the telegraph, the dol
the ages, the dollar the greatest of
the three. Money, the one and most
important conventional thing in aid
ing and promoting the associations
of mankind and advancing high
standard of civilization and develop
ing material wealth was not; money
has been the main factor in subduing
the forces of nature, Of establishing
freedom of thought and high stand
ard of civil government. Money, it's
philosophy. its functions, it's course
of creation and methods of issue, it's
real uses and abuses are the objects
and central thought of this investi-
cation, brings us up to the necessity
for the creation Of or origin Of mon
ey; it's uses and functions.
Among created things we find no
natural money. No plant that grows
or bears money, no tree or shrub
that bears money like apples, or
hickory nuts, or chestnuts,- cOnse-
ouently l arrive at the conclusion
that money is a conventional or ar
bitrary thing created by society for
it's own convenience, to aid the as
ISOLATION of mankind, and the
growth of the material development
Of the nation or government.
In primitive times when pastoral
occupations and tribal condition ex-
listed prior to the uses of money in.
society or associations Of mankind
exchanges were effected by means Of
barter, commodities were exchanged
one for another measured by rela-
tive values, perhaps that system
came nearer establishing a true
standard of value than the modern
plan by use of money which is al
ways fIuctuating in purchasing pow
er as measured by sacrifice Of or eX-
penditure of labor in production.
With the advance Of fertilization and
growth of intellectual development
money was substituted and used in
stead of barter as convenience.
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1913-01-09

the next important part of this is
sue, namely, by whom shall this
money be issued and what shall the
volume be? Il
1 have already noticed that his
tory teaches that all through the
ages it has been the prerogative of
government to issue the money
(only when there is a declining
civilization when the power has been
surrendered to vassals, feudal lords
or private corpOrations) which | &C
cept as correct and in harmony with
the true laws and philosophy Of
money.
In the organic law Of the United
States the power to create and issue
money is placed in the hands Of the
Congress, and part of the Congress
is placed in the hands Of the people,
and money is created for the benefit
of the people, so in this event it is
approximately the people issuing
money for their own use and benefit.
I now assume, and correctly [ be-
lieve, that our government is abso-
lutte, an entity, or it is nothing. AS
Stunning that it is an entity, real
thing with delegated and implied
powers. That in the first place the
government prescribes that all debts
and taxes under it's jurisdiction
must be paid with that one thing
called money, upon which the sovo-
reignty Of the government is stamped
and made a legal tender in payment.
With that power delegated to the
government and generally acquiesced
in, it is absolutely necessary for the
government to furnish to the people
that one thing, legal tender money
in volume sufficiently large to ena-
BILE the people to transact all legiti-
mate business on an approximate
cash basis without delegating to pri-
vate corporations or individuals, the
privilege of issuing a substitute
Currency bank notes. and sell them
to the people for a price measured
by the real or absolutely money Of
the realm.
In conclusion, l beg indulgence to
make a few observations as to what
real, absolute money is, and what
it's auxiliaries and substitutes are.
Absolute money is that which the
proclamation, or act OF legislature
creates and makes legal tender for
all debts, public and private, under
it's Jurisdiction without EXCEPTIONS;
an auxiliary money is that which is
a legal tender for certain classes of
debts only a partial legal tender; a
subsidiary money is that which is a
legal tender for specified small
amounts; as cents, nickels and frac-
tional silver coinage; dimes, quar-
tiers and half dollars.
Bank notes are not money, only
promises to pay money! bad SUBJ
stitute for money, which is sold to
the people for price (called inter-
est measured by the real money of
the realm. Bank note currency is
the outgrowth of the chaotic con-
dition of public knowledge of the
true flaws and philosophy of money
by the industrial and middle class
of business men who allow bankers,
money dealers and politicians to do
their thinking for them. The COM
mon expression or phrase of one
kind of money being redeemed in,
or with another kind of money, is
an absurdity, a misnomer. That
which requires to be redeemed is not
CONTINUED on Page Eleven)
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1913-01-09

sheriff sale, and satisfy the tax
gatherer.
When money has performed these
functions the purpose for which it
was created and issued have been
satisfied. To use money for any
other purpose is a diversion or per-
version of its legitimate uses.
Blackstone says: Money is a
medium of commerce, it is the
Kings prerOgative as the arbiter of
domestic commerce, to give it au-
thOrity or make it current money is
an universal medium or common
standard by comparison with which
the value of all merchandise may be
ascertained or it is a sign which
represents the respective values of
all commodities. (Chittys Black
stone, Vol. 1, star page, 276.)
Joel Tifiny Of New York, in his
treatise on constitutional law says:
Money as the measure Of price or
value is the sovereign authority i'm
pressed upon and attached to that
which is. capable OF taking and re-
tanning the impress Of thai author
ity.
1t is the recognized presence of
sovereignty in the markets and in
the court applying the measure and
determining the equality of ex-
changes between subjects and sub
jects, peasant and prince, between
crown and people, as a medium Of
exchange or a means to an end; it
has no value but the sovereign will
recorded upon its face and in respect
to it's value is as Interchangeable as
the authority that created it,
Aristotle said: Money exists by
law not by nature I might enlarge
by quoting authorities Oh definitions
of real money, but what I have al
ready cited are sufficient to estab-
lish beyond reasonable doubt that
money is simply creation of law to
aid in the association of people to
build a higher edifice of civilization
and further aid in developing the re-
sources of the nations and adding to
the material growth and property of
the country or Government, which
stands behind every dollar of actual
money issued under the jurisdiction
with legislative and executive power.
The natural functions of money
as already indicated is to pay debts,
settle balances and to satisfy the tax
collector.
To limit it's volume or otherwise
manipulate the volume in such a
way as to create a demand and to
make money a matter of merchan-
disc or a commodity that it may be
bought and sold as merchandise at
profit measured by itself is a gross
diversion and a bad omen, a fore
runner of an advancing despotism.
A condition that has preceded the
overthrow and downfall of all for
mer civilizations.
The paramount problem now be-
fore the American people, together
with the people of all other progress
sive governments, the problem to be
solved by the twentieth century civil
liZation.
l have now concluded there is no
natural money, that it is wholly a
conventional and arbitrary thing
created by law for specific purpose,
towit: to aid in means of associa-
ton of people for the sole purpose
of developing the resources of nature
and add to the material wealth of
fha nation which now leads I'm tn
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1913-01-09
Charlie Davidson,
"The Carriage Painter" Hood River,
Oregon.

I'm primitive conditions man
found only crude material
from which to build civili-
= zation. The fishes Of the sea,
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
Shortest in The World

"As nation the United
States has a shorter school day,
a shorter school week, and a
shorter school year than any
highly civilized nation in the
world" says a report recently
issued by the Russell Sage
Foundation of New York.
According to this same re-
port Virginia ranks 33 among
the States in school attendance
with term Of 6 1-2 months or
40 days.
But worse than the short term
is the irregular attendance, the
average for the year in our State
being only G5 per cent. In other
words, out Of every 100 children
enrolled in our schools, 35 are
absent each day.
This short term, along with
irregular attendance, constitutes
one of the most serious defects
of our school system. A lack of
adequate school funds causes the
short terms; while irregular at
tendance is the result largely Of
parental Indifference, poor school
buildings, bad roads. and mex
perienced teachers. As rule,
the larger and better the school,
the better the attendance.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
The Price He Paid

! said l would have my ding,
And do What 2 young mar may:
And | didn't believe thing
That the parsons have to say.
| didn't believe in a God
That gives us blood like fire,
Then filings us into hell because
We answer the call of desire.
And l said: Religion is rot,
And the laws of the world are
nil;
For the bad man is he who is
caught
And cannot foot his bill.
And there is no place called hell;
And heaven is only truth,
When a man has his way with a
maid,
In the fresh keen hour of youth.
And money can buy us grace,
If it rings on the plate of the
church:
And money can neatly erase,
Each sign of a sinful smirch. "
For | saw men everywhere,
Hotfooting the road of vice;
And women and preachers smiled
on them
AS long as they paid the price.
SO | had my joy of life:
| went the pace of the town;
And then | took me a wife,
And started to settle down.
| had gold enough and to spare
For all of the simple joys
That belong with a house and a
home
And a brood of girls and boys,
| married a girl with health
And virtue and spotless fame.
/ gave in exchange my wealth
And a proud old family name.
And | gave her the love Of heart
Grown stated and sick of sin!
My deal with the devil was all
cleaned up.
And the last bill handed in.
She was going to bring me a child,
And when in labor she cried,
With love and fear | was wild
But now | wish she had died,
For the son she bore me was blind
And crippled and weak and
sorel
And his mother was left . wreck.
1t was so she sctlled my score.
| said | must have my fling,
And they knew the path
would go;
Yet no one told me a thing
Of what | needed to know.
Folks talk to much of soul
From heavenly joys debarred-
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
UP TO JUDGE WILLIAMS.

without Dragging, l believe
that / could take hold of the
State Department and 50 cut
down expenses that the $500, 900,
would not be missed. Thus
Hon. Martin Williams is quoted
in the newspapers as asserting
in an address made in Roanoke
at the recent meeting of the
Anti Saloon League. The state
ment was made in reply to the
argument that e-wide
prohibition would rob the State
of $500, 600 liquor tax, and that
the Safe cannot afford the loss
of this amount of money.
In this statement is couched
a charge Of extravaganza and a
useless expenditure of money on
the part Of the State manage
ment. If we remember correctly
some such charge has been made
by the Republicans and a few
Democrats in every campaign
for years and as vigorously
denied by the State organization,
one of which is the Honorable
Martin Williams, longtime
member of the State Legis-
lature. Heretofore this charge
has been made supposedly for
political purposes only, but COM
ing, as in this instance, from
one of the machine" men-if
there be a "machine"-and one
on the inside, is of more than
ordinary significance. From oul
view point looks as though it is
up to Mr.. Williams to bring in q
bill of particulars, or at least tc
explain.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
ABOUT ALFALFA

A reader says, he wants to
sow patch of alfalfa, and asks
for information. He doesn't say
what kind of land he has, what
grew on it last year or what if
anything, is growing on the land
now, and hence, this reply must
be general. A few simple sug-
gestions may help. The land
must be rich. 1t is a waste of
money to sow alfalfa on poor
land. Alfalfa is an aristocrat and
readily turns up its nose if offer
ed poor fare. Make the patch to
be sown rich with stable manure,
the richer the better. Turn this
manure down, pillow deep, not
less than ten inches, and deeper
if possible. Along in April put a
ton of lime to the acre, broad
cast, and harrow in, mixing
thoroughly with the soil. Wait
ten days or two weeks until the
weeds begin to show up, then
harrow again. A disk harrow is
best, but a good heavy A harrow
will do. The object of this fire.
quent narrowing is to kill weeds.
Weeds are the chief enemy of
alfalfa the first year. Along,
about the first of May, harrow
again. Prepare perfect seed
bed. Then about about 10th or
18th of May, if weather is good
and warm, sing, ION Jordon's
Stormy Banks I Stand", and
harrow again, sowing about 800
lbs good fertilizer to the acre in
front of the harrow. If there are
clods use a plank clod crusher.
Then sow about 25 lbs seed to
the acre-half one way and cross
with the other half, and cover
with light harrow, not too
deep. If these simple directions
are followed a good stand should
be secured. Better not try more
than half acre at first. If POSSIBLE
a sack of dirt from an cid alfalfa
field should be sown and harrow
ed in at time of sowing seed. to
lnoculate. Some successful
growers sow in May, otherssin
July or August following a crop
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
The Death Penrlty
in Cosmopolitan.

The judiciary committee of the
house of representatives of
Tennessee has reported favorably
bill to abolish capital punish
nlent in that State. There is no
guarantee at the present writing
that the bill will pass, but it
shows the gathering trend of
sentiment against enforcement
of the extreme penalty.
An effort was made recently
in Oregon to abolish capital
punishment, but it failed Of ac-
complishment. There has been
talk in many of the States doing
away with the death penalty,
and there is no doubt but that
the sentiment against it is
gathering force. Wisconsin does
not permit the infliction of the
death penalty and it seems to
get along pretty we'll.
The Virginian is inclined to
agree with the governors, who
expressed themselves at the re-
cent conference in Richmond-it
is the certainty of punishment
rather than its severity that
deters criminals. Make justice
swift and sure rather than harsh
and we shall have less cri me. =
The Virginian.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
Nice Farm For Sac

About 90 acres strong lime
stone land, all under fence and
in grass ard cultivation eHcep
three or four acres in timber.
Good house, 6 rooms, barn and
out buildings, young orchard of
good fruit, well of fine water in
yard
This land is in the Sinking
Waters, near Bandy, Va. in sight
ii railroad. Price and terms
reasonable. Write Or call on
H. 6. BREWSTER,
8andy, Va.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28

Write to the seed houses for a
catalogue, and select your supply
of seed for the season. Here are
the names and addresses of
reliable firms:- T. w. Wood and
Son, Richmond, Va; H. w.
Buckbee, Rock ford, ILL.,; D. M.
Ferry and Co., Detroit, Mich.
Buspee & Co., Phila, Pa; and
there are others. We have used
the above named firms seeds for
years, and always found them
reliable.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28

VlRGlNlA-In the Clerks Office of
the Circuit Court of the County of
Tazewell on the 4th day of February
1918.
E. ]. Elicit, Complainant
against
Joseph Brooks and w. NJ. Daniel,
| Defendants.
The object of this suit is to recover
of the said Joseph Brooks in favor of
the said e. j. Elicit the sum of
($485.S 3) Four Hundred and Eighty
Five dollars and Eighty Three cents
and Ten dollars $4,000 attorneys
fee, with interest on the aforesaid
sums from the goth day of May, 1911
until paid which said sums are evil
denced by judgment of the Circuit
Court of Mcdowell County w. Va.
bearing date on the goth day of May,
1911. And to subject to the rayment
thereof, by Attachment in Equity
the interest of the said Joseph Brooks
in and to two tracts of land located in
the head of Horsepen Cove, on the
north side of the Stony Ridge. in
Iazewell County, Virginia, one of
said tracts of land contains 80 acres
two rods and "a poles and the other
one of said tracts adjoins the said 80
acres two rods and 24 poles and con-
tains 35 acres and IL poles. Being
the same tracts of land conveyed to
w. M. Daniels, Trustee, by l.. C.
Brooks, deed dated January 9th, 1883.
which said deed is recorded in the
Clerks Office of Tazewell County in
Deed Book 18, page 357, and both of
said tracts of land are fully described
in the Bill filed in this cause.
And an affidavit having been made
and filed that the defendant Josepb
Brooks is not resident of the State of
Virginia, it is ordered that he do ap-
pear here within Is days after due
publication hereof, and do what NAV
be necessary to protect his interest in
this suit. And it is further ordered
that copy hereof be published once
week for four successive weeks in
the Clinch Valley News, a newspaper
published in the County of Tazewell. |
and that copy be posted at the front |
door Of the courthouse of this county
as prescribed by law.
A copy-Teste:
c. w. GREEvER, Clerk.
Minter & Minter, p. q.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
HOLDING THE BOYS IN THE
HIGH SCHOOL

A great deal has been said and
written on how to keep the boys
on the farm, and it is question
OF the greatest moment. There
are school problems of great i'm
portance now engaging the best
thought of leading educators
everywhere. Here are a few
statistical facts: Of every one
hundred children in the land
twenty Of them never go to any
school at all. OF the eighty who
40 go seventy six drop out by
the time they reach the first
year of high school, only 4 out
OF the 80 enter. In the second
year of the high school there are
only two of the four left. In the
third and fourth years there is
only one Of the four left. That
IS to say, that of eighty pupils
entering school only one goes
through high school and gradu-
ates, IS having stopped school.
While the question Of how to get
ing schools established is an I'M
portant one, how to hold the
pupils in them after we get
them, is of equal or more i'm
portance. The facts and figures
gwen above are official. Here
are more official facts and figures
bearing on the question: The
farmer with a high scheelsedu-
cation makes on an average.
three hundred dollars more per
year than his brother who has
only a common school education.
Says the Southern Planter:
Mr.. Farmer Boy! When you
get restless and want to stop
school please remember this fact:
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
LeguMinOus Crops

There has been more crimson
clover, rye, oats and rape seeded
this year than was ever known
before. There are very few far
mers in the counties worked by
the Demonstration Agents who
are not putting in some of the
leguminous crops for the i'm
provement of their land. All of
our lands need humus, and
where we use plenty of lime
with these leguminous crops, we
lind our land increasing in fer
tility very fast, then we have
nothing to add but phosphorus.
Farmer.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1913-02-28
81 4 :: w Huio!E2Bestern ar
ysSse. s-6TGIs
Schedule Effective
May 2o, 1912.
Ly. TazeweIl for Norton.

Ly. Tazcwe!l for Norton,
9:44 am 3:Oipm
Lv. Tazewell fol BlUelleld,
di:oo a IN 6:39 pm
From Bluefeld East bound.
9.lo m FOR Roanoke, Lvrchburp.
Norfolk and all points on ST, rendoab
division, Pullman sleeper ana cafe car
to Roanoke. Pullman to Norfolk
Parlor car Roanoke and Richmond
Sleeper Roanoke and New York
Dining Car. '
7.2O a m daily for East Ro dro,d
Roanoke and Intermediate stations.
2;3O m daily for Roanoke, Lynch
burg and intermediate stations and tbe
Shenandoah Valley. Pullman slcenor
Gary to New York
9.23 p NJ for Roanoke, Lyncbb,ro
Richmond, Norfolk. Pullman slsenar
10 Norfolk, and Roanoke to Richmond
wEsTBoUND.
o.lO m for Kenova, Portsmouth
columbus, st. Louis and the west
Pullman sleeper to Columbua
cafe car. '"uo'
$40 p m for Kenova. Pc, ta,nonth
cincinnati, Columbus, West. Northwest
rullmah sleeper toCincinnati, Columbus
cafe car to Williamson. '''"'
100 a m. for Williamson and in.
termediate stations. Az
2.OO for WEIGH and Intermediate
stations. Pullman Sleeper cafe cars
write for Rates, Maps, Time Table
descriptive pamphlets to anv sto+;or
agent or to W. b. Bevill, Passenger
6 ala,nc Manager, w. @. Saunders
'fenl. passenger Agent. Roanoke. Va