Arizona republican., 1913-04-17

case of accident to treat them with justice and consideration. The sev- eral hospitals of the canal commis- sion are regarded as scientific mo- dels. In view of the dangerous character of the work and the fact million pounds of dynamite are used a year, it is remarkable that more accidents have not occurred.
 While the Culebra Cut is like an anthill of labor, every man seems to know just what he has to do and everywhere one sees alert, square jawed, clear eyed, khaki clad. young Americans who are directing this work, and who are a tremendous credit to this country When we consider what has been accomplished in the Culebra Cut figures again appall us In fact the excavation in connection with the canal totals over two hundred million cubic yards. This is again too big to be appreciated but the following com parison makes it interesting. This material piled into the trains that scurry back and forth through the cut. if made into one continuous train would reach more than four times around the world, which gives one a very fair idea of the bigness Of this great American job. The total amount of excavation still re- maining is less than three -fourths of the thirty million cubic yards ex- cavated during the year 1912.
 At the southeastern end of the Culebra Cut are the Pedro Miguel locks, of exactly the same general type as the Gatun locks, where yes sels are raised or lowered thirty and one-third feet.
 Leaving the Pedro Miguel lock. continuing toward Panama. the canal passes for a little over mile through the Miraflores lake. at the lower end of which, through a flight of two locks, vessels descend to the Pacific section of the canal fifty four and two-thirds feet pass below AncOn Hill, with it's beautiful hos pital grounds, and finally into the Pacific where the entrance is guard ed by a group of islands owned by the United States, where protective Qualifications are now being erected, which it is said will be the finest in existence The Atlantic end will be similarly protected by Qualifications at Toro Point Both the Atlantic and Pacific entrances are also pro- tected from sitting by very extensive breakwaters; these breakwaters also .IN.,,-c at each end of the canal The canal is thoroughly well lighted by a most complete system of range lights, light houses and buoys, so that yes sels may pass through both by night and day.
 While all this great work that is being carried on by our government, is primarily for our own advantage there is probably no work under way in the whole world today which will be so great a benefit to mankind at large.
 The Panama railway, which was a part of the purchase made of the French Canal company by our gov ernment, is today a rather interest ing illustration of a government owned and operated railway. The service is excellent. the equipment first class and the roadbed, which has recently been almost entirely re- located on a more substantial llne, is well maintained with all proper protective devices. This railroad IS said to be making money and is of almost inestimable value to the work of canal construction
 The unusual history of the isth- mus has an interest almost equal to the work now in progress. In 1902 Columbus sailed back and forth along the isthmus shore; even voy- aged up the Chagres river in the search of his dream-the strait to India Here Balboa with his hardy band of reckless Spanish adventur- CTS, cut his way through the tangled jungle. and in 1513 saw for the first time the great Pacific. Later Pi- zarro, a companion of Balboa, car ried in sections his little ships across the isthmus and sailed to the golden land of Peru; and eight miles east of the present quaint city of Pana- ma are the picturesque ruins Of SIX teenth century Panama, for many years the most important city of the new world, where great churches were built, and where the merchants of Spain, greedy for the gold of Peru established their great ware houses. and where in great banquet halls Spanish adventurers held their