davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
Our Go-Between

The mineral world 10 the source Of
the food supply Of plants, and the
plant world In turn the food supply
Of animals. All living creatures do.
pend absolutely upon the plants to-
their very being. and without them
could not exist. The plant world u
the go-between betwixt 40 and the
world OF inorganic matter In which
we live. The plants are our hostA
which were here long before our com.
ing. and for ages were preparing to
our sustenance, 90 q good housewife
makes preparation In advances ~
expected guests.
settlers flrst came to these lnhoapa4n0lo
shores, they would have psr1shed Sos
lack OF food had It not BEEN for eh4
fact that tho native Indians had seossd
maize and other grains for winter ~
In caches In the sand along the Doop
beach, from which they Contributed
to- the necessities of the new comeSR.
Exactly thus all animal life must Dor.
row from Its old time friend. the vsUs
etab1e world. In order to b. able -
live at all.
Every form~of plant life ID indus.
trious, all summer lons, In storing food
in different forms for the nour1shment
of the seed It produces, when II starts
its new life the following spring. But
from this store man and the animald
are also designed to borrow. ana 10
live on the hospitality Of vegetation.
Our provider. tho vegetable world.
feeds upon earth and air, ana mainly
the air, at that. A great many plants
could live on nothing but air. and
some In fact do; but In order to make
rapid and substantial growth, plants
must also have access to tho earth,
from which to draw more readily the
substances they must have.
Inorganic matter Is gathered By
them from this source. and converted
into organic matter. Animals do not
produce any organic matter whatever,
but simply borrow and eventually 70.
turn what Is necessary for the sus.
tenance Of life. Even the matter OF
which the bones ana sinews OF an
animal is composed Is borrowed
wholly from the plant world.
Many believe that an animal diet ID
essential to health, but II IL In reality
but the same substance in different
form. There Is nothing in q meat diet
which vegetables do not also supply.
Even the life blood Of animals 10
loaned by the plant world for the pt1r.
pose Of their existence.
The plants are our true hosts ana
old time friends. We cannot 40 better
than to make the most OF them ana
their willing invitation to partake a.
we have need from their bount1fuI
+reasura. They have provided enough
for ,1s both. and we are welcome to
holm ourselves from their abundance
an freely az we desire.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

suffering to which the helpless calves.
with their susceptible constitutions.
thus are subjected.
They will require more food to keep
their bodies warm and Offset the detr1-
mental action of the severe cold.
Then, no matter how much they are
fed, the exposure stunts their whole
general system to such an extent that
their delicate tissues and organs never
will develop as they would if steady,
undisturbed growth had been main
tanned from the start. An undesirable
dairy or stock animal Is thus de-
veloped.
Again, the farmer has not the time
to watch the cattle and see that the
calves get their full share of the feed.
Just notice the herd some morning,
If you are feeding the calves. dairy
and stock cattle all together, and you
will observe that the little fellows are
getting only bit now and then as
they dodge about among the other
cattle. Indeed, they are even very
liable to be badly injured besides by
some Of the larger animals.
Furthermore, even If it were sem
sible or profitable to allow the calves
to run with the older animals, they
require more time in which to eat
and they will do much better If rations
peculiarly adapted to their needs are
given them. .... =
: In case one Is handling consid-
cradle herd Of stock calves they should
be placed in separate quarters from
the others. Even the lot in which
they exercise or have their feed racks
for forage, should be arranged so the
larger animals will not have access
to 1t.
Individual feed troughs or boxes
cannot be furnished In case like this,
but long troughs should be provided
their size being sufficient to permit
: all the calves to eat without crowd
ing some way, as the larger ones soon
ACQUIRE the habit Of cheating the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
Deep Burrows
BY GUM.
BY GUM
a binder snug in the shed will soor
wcrth two out in the weather.

binder snug in the shed will soon
wcrth two out in the weather.
4 cheerful hypocrite may be wrong
morally. but he is likely to be pleas
TN. companion.
There may be better things in life
than good cooking. but when half
fanaished at the end of the day. most
Of US can not tell what they are.
The old fashioned man paints the
barn because 1t is good for the barn,
hut when he paints the house he acts
as though it was merely to please his
wife. .s5,
In the scheme Of things the scold
may have been placed on earth to
cerve to make US glad that we cannot
live and listen always. ..-l =,
Unless you are interested in the
undertaking business. the pools Of
stagnant water along the roadside are
not profitable to you. ~.
For your tinkering provide suitable
tools. Only the stone-age man was
compelled to work with primitive i'm
plements. and he didn't do much Of
q Job,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
BIRDS AND FRUIT.

In spite Of the annoyance that birds
cause by eating fruit. orchardists who
have made close study of the matter
say that the birds are the best friends
they have. If the birds were to be
killed the land would soon DO over
run with hugs and worms, and fruit
raising would be destroyed. Not all
orchardists, however, agree with this
statement. An Illinois fruit grower
stated at horticulture society meet
ing that birds should not be protected
any more than snakes. He Kills
hundreds of orioles, robins ana
thrushes every year because they de-
stroy some of the fruit. 1t Is stated
on reliable authority that il mulber-
ries are put out near cherry trees tho
birds will eat the berries and nos
modest the cherries to any considerable
extent
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
The Woody Aster

During the past several years
thousands of sheep have died in parts
Of the west through the eating Of
poisonous plants. The woody aster is
probably the cause of greater losses
than any other single poisonous
agency. Many Of these losses may be
avoided by studying the plant and
under transformations of soil 1t may
be expected to be found growing.
It need be looked for upon gumbo
clays. usually on gentle slopes or so1he-
times on ridges. Often these con-
ditions are met with in the neighbour
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
Hollow Tree, the Result Of Fires.


aid in the protection from fire. It
may be q road. q trail, river or
stream, lire cleared especially for a
fire break. or plowed furrow. The
purpose Of fire lines Is to check or
stop fires and to facilitate fighting
them. A small surface fire may be
stopped entirely by road or even a
path. Some surface fires are easily
checked in their progress by narrow
fire lines; others can be stopped only
by very wide lines. Crown fires and
surface fires Of unusual severity will
readily leap across even very wide fire
lines. Fire lines. therefore, should not
be built with the idea that they will
always stop fires. They are intended
to serve primarily as an aid, and often
arc an indispensable aid. in controlling
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
FARM AUTO AN EXTRAVA-
CANOE?

Today if a successful farmer lives
six miles from his market town and
has the benefit of good roads in the
spring, summer and fall, can he afford
to take $500 pair Of horses or a
$500 pair of mules from any one Of
the numerous farm implements where
only horses and mules may work them
in busy seasons and, hitching such q
team to a wagon, spend three hours
on the round trip when hts automobile
may accomplish it in twenty minutes?
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
Care Of the Calf

The first essentia! to calf-raising
in the winter is to separate the young
animals from the older and stronger
stock.
Some farmers, in fact. most Of them,
allow cattle of all shapes and sizes to
run together. but where this is done,
the larger ones naturally crowd the
smaller and weaker members out Of
the most comfortable parts Of the
winter quarters-even forcing them to
spend the severest portion Of the night
exposed to the rough elements.
Such q course is improbable for
two reasons, to say nothing of the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

Os~A.AOAAsAsSs
out the country there are here and
there instances of serious effort toward
thorough fire protection by Individual
private owners. In spite Of all that
has been done. however, the fact re-
mains that mot he forests of the
country, partic those privately
owned. are In .uately protected
from fire. It is probable that in fully
rs per cent of the private forests there
is no attempt whatever at systematic
protection.
Reproduction in the forests of this
country has been more influenced by
fire than by any other one factor. The
present composition. form. density.
and yield of a great many stands
are due to the influence Of fires on
reproduction.
Repeated fires prevent reproduction
by destroying the seed and killing the
seedlings. This is we'll illustrated In
certain areas of the South, where long,
leaf pine is not reproducing itself
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
PROTECTION OF FORESTS FROM FIRE
BY HI. s. GRAVES.

In some sections of the country
forest fires have always been Of such
common occurrence that there is a
popular motion that they can not be
prevented. The risk from fires can
never be entirely eliminated, for in the
forest there is always inflammable
material which Is very easily ignited.
They may, however, be largely pre-
vented. and under efficient organiza-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11
Forage Crops For Pigs

For economical production of pork
with forage crops, the question Of
feeding is one of the most. if not the
most. important consideration. The
best forage crops will do little more
than maintain swine. On the other
hand, it Is apparent that If hogs are
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

.... Fire Scars.
because there Is lack Of seed or be-
cause the conditions for termination
are unfavorable, but because the
annual flres kill the young trees.
Fires may influence reproduction
through their effect on the soil and
the soil cover. Frequently after fires
the ground Is occupied by heavy brush
or by grass. which impedes or In some
cases prevents the reproduction Of val
liable trees. Many of the grass parks
in the western mountains are the re-
suit Of fire. A grass vegetation has
replaced the forest. The running wild
Of burned areas to heavy growth of
brush Ia common occurrence after
fires in many Of our eastern forests.
as. for example. In Pennsylvania.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

Cow Peas Fit Well Into Rotation,
Having the Double Value of Con-
serving Fertility and Supplying
Abundant Pasturage.
getting a full feed Of grain they will
not make the best use of the forage.
The amount of grain to feed. then.
Is question of great importance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

smaller and weaker ones out Of their
feed
Where one Is raising only a few
calves. especially If they are for the
dairy herd, they should be housed
as above advised, and in addition they
should be trained to the halter. Teach
them to stand tied in their stalls and
to lead anywhere desired.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

Chickens. like pigs, will eat many
unclean things if permitted to do SO
and more care should be taken that
they do not have access to decayed
vegetables. dead animals and matter
of that kind.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

1t is the experience of many growers
that fir IN animal manures make
strong vines but not much fruit, while
it tends to induce rot and milaew.
while potash and superphosphates pro-
duce quite the opposite effect
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

One of the biggest sorghum syrup
companies had carload nf SORGHUM
and corn syrup seized by the govern
nent. The syrup was in 400 cases,
and each case was found 70 se under
-~i9hA
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

farmer near Wichita, Kansas. re-
Gently sold SIC hogs for s10.949. They
were fattened on alfalfa and corn.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-11

Experts claim that Western sheer
can be raised at a profit Of $1.sl the
head
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-02-12
BILLY THOMAS
OF Youngstown NAV be Appointed as
Umpire BY President Dawson IN
Inter state League.

Noi-NGSTuW y. o.. Feh. o. Billy
Thomas - girarI. iue' ouf boz biz rasa
fnr President ~ enc Interstate league
huf Do has landed o. gDpd job AZ um-
r'rs Zoo rho nov 'rfuIf TIIf stated
TODAY hat UIwanr iad promised him
N'r'l .r This fagIr. and asking TINT
hs stop negotiating with all other ,Ir-
ruffs ThoWHs nsd u good Offer from
fH. sew york state league. iH' fhIs
saas1n prrfrrr'd Goo remain closer %
home
Thomas should make o. rafuaL'.
uurIra boo fHr interstate fr Hrf uf.
fl. Ia ~ f.r salihra that would make
annd boz 90 rld league. He bel 100 inn
partial Ie man ran Ie. 'r fearless and
hfaf nf nl ia "u fhn Square and flur
nIThl. reliable Nnuurafowu fans
vII welcome ffs announcement that
rs d. fo work o. rho frfrrrfnte &c.
wfr nrr uf Grnrg. WnrriHfds Iaaf
uruif.fr Ir fhs uiI 90 A. g. 1851. g.
a gratf fatnrifr w.fu 10th piHtars ans
manager. ufWr.iI announcement ~
DIE 90 continent viii Ir made soon.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-02-12
sYeunestown at Columbus
Erie at Canton.
SteubenViis at Wheeling.
Akron at Columbus.

y tentative provision that has been
discussed IL that three-game series
b.. PLAYED In the towns where the
league season IL opened. and the west
'rn clubs will then move east to open
the season in the towns whose clubs
mot th"m on the first opening day.
II Will b. noticed IN The above line
w that Canton and Akron will not
open the season together. These towns
have opened together So often that b.
has gotten to Zoe Kin Il a Joke with
them. and there is no longer the de-
sired interest ON opening dav. II is
figured that Akron will draw well in
Columbus. and tho latter city IN Ak
ron for the reason thai their IS con
siderable feeling hetween the present
Akron club and Lee Foil. ex-Atron
Leader. who will handle the columbus
club this year.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-02-12
JOHN SIEGLE WILL
PILOT AKRON CLUB
FORMER NATIONAL Lacquer
WILL PLAY THE OUTFlELD.
Has \ Good Reeord-Msnssed Pennsnt
Winner Last Year-BIq Demand
For Stock N Club.

NNEpN. a.. Feb. John siege.
former National Lacquer. was signed
as Laying fn~ the Akron
baseball club this season.
Ills name was attached 20 a con-
tract At a meeting 81 the temporary
Officers and directors ~ the club held
AZ the chamber al commerce rooms
this morning.
Siegic Is a rc~nterreldc- and has
a splendid record ~ q PLAYER since
b." has been in the game.
Last wear h. the GadS.
don. Alabama, club and hy winning
- straight games succeeded IN cop
ping tho pcnnant after his team had
heen going along near the bottom
during the early months.
~i'glc started o. 1905 with wilkes
barre. IT," vas DIR, hased by en-
ciunat' and furnished part Of tho 1903
season and 81 art Of the 1905 sea
son with that team ~. hatted over
500 while he was with cincinnati
In 1905. he injured his knee iu an
eXhihition game and was out ~ the
game for q short time
IN 1907 he WAS sent 20 Indianapois
in i3cN-i0 ne was with the Nashville
team and 81 was due 90 his stick
work that Nashville copied the pen
nanf IN 1910 from sew orleans. fin
ish'ng lust une bali point ahead ir
the percentage column az the md o.
tn" season IN 1871 ~ was with
Binghamfon. His addition % tho
team will streng, hen ~ runsiderah-
Is.
Considerable stock .s being sold IN
~" new company and tho directors
peIlese that the entire issue can De-
placed before the end Of this wek
The signing % SipCio gives tho
club six PLAYERS under contract a.
Tho present time
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-02-12
PITCHER OVERALL
MAY PLAY AGAIN
National Commission Reinstates Cali.
forn'an Who Quit Cubs in 1911
to Dig Gold.

NEW YORK. Feb. 1.-THE Nation
~ Baseball tOmElission. In session
mere today. adopted "A new rule. To III.
numbered ~. which will Sc, back the
DRAFTING season for certain mino-
l"asuesto November -. This rule
VIII Ice promulgated within a few
day.
TIN" commission r~einstatrd Pitcher
''N"rAIL. formerly Of the chicago Ma
tionalS. and Player Torrcy of the New
forN Nationals. overall has been out
81 the game since 1910. II was stated
mat n" refused To sign a contract in
1911 on h plea ~ a bad arm. lie was
rens'ated without penalty.
Tie commission allowed the claims
"t PLAYER Riley against the Canton,
- cIlb and those uf Player johnson
against the Dubuque. Iowa. club.
National club owners were ready To-
so INTO session Immediately after tho
commission meeting.
Manager Stallings. 81 the Boston
Nationals. is trying to strengthen his
club u is angling for inheldcr Mil
ton stock from New York. Manager
McGtaw f. said 10 toe willing To pass
along Stock and Inhelder Groh t.
Boston /; he can obtain Pitcher Tyler
IN return. McGraw wants a left
handler IN reserve in case Rube Mar
qunru fails 10 play this year
Manager Frank chance SAYS he " al,
probably make no deals To- strengthen
the New York Americans until after
ne has seen them IN action In spring
training. Manager Evers is looking
about for pitchers and an uutield.f
Tor the chicago Cubs. though he saws
he - very well satisfied with his
team as 81 stands.
The cleveland club To- hold
onto lnrelcer Olsen. hut is willing 10
trad PechinbauRh to New York FOR q
pitcher. said 10 be Mcconnell.
The National League meeting prom
ised tn be stormy. The claim 81 -
per ''nt of the Giants share In the
last Worlds series. which the late
President Brush refused 20 give M.
was the first thing mp for settlement.
l. b Giants should get away with
their contention that they are entitled
10 the money. some easy pickings for
the National commission will be cut
of.
President Ebhcts. having a new park
in Brcoklyn. wants To open a dav
ahead 81 the regular schedule league
opening. and his question will also
have 20 be settled.
one 81 the reports from the Iot.I
hobbies was hat ~ seymour. former
Giant o~uthcider. would b.. with the
Boston Nationals ncXf season. Soy
mour n StalI'nEs have had several
conferences.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-02-12
NATIONAL LEAGUE
BASEBALL MEETING
National League Can nave Eank o,pay
According TO Han Johnson-Draft-
ing Bet Back.

NEW YORK. Feb. ll.-Peace and har-
mony prevailed at the opening session
OF tne adjourned annual meeting OF the
National League OF Baseball CIubs here
to-day. The business transacted varied
little from the usual routine, and outside
the meeting room such talk OF deals
as was heard Was Tor the most part
vague in character and lacking in au-
thortty.
After a brief meeting OF the board OF
directors the National league club own
ers held "A session OF scarcely an hour :
duration and deferred action on the
playing schedule until tomorrow. when
they expect to get through with the re-
The directors decided that hereafter.
when any National league club shall take
an umpire from PRESIDENT Lynch's staff.
the club Will be required to reimburse
the eague with whatever amount the
directors may deem sufficient for the
loss OF the UNI tres services.
Names umptres.
PRESIDENT Lyncn his selec-
tion OF umpires for the coming seeson
as follows Emslie. KLEIN. Rigler. CIar-
ence owens. william brennan Al Orth,
NJ. W. Eason and W. r Guthrie and W.
J Byron. both or whom We're with the
International league last year.
President Lynch sand President john
league would not negotiate with Hank
o.Day II the National league desired his
services.
Drafting Set Back.
The national baseball commission. in
session here to-day. adopted "A new rule
10 De numbered -. which VIII set back
the drafting season for certain minor
leagues To November IS. The rule will
be promuisated within a few days.
The commission reinstated Pitcher
Overall. formerly OF the Chicago Ma
ttonals, and Player Torrey. OF the New
York Nationals. overall has been our
Of the game since 1910. II was stated
that ne refused TO sign "A contract in
1911 ON the plea OF a had arm. lie was
Tc. nstated without penalty.
The commission allowed the claims Of
Player Riley against the canton. Ohio.
club. and those Of Player Johnson
against the Dubuque. Iowa. club.
National club owners were ready to
go into session Immediately after the
commission meeting.
Deal for Players.
Manage StallinEs. Of the Boston Ma
tionals. il trying 10 strengthen his club
and - angling for Inneldcr Milton Stock
from New York. Manager McGraw il
said To- lee willing To- pass along stock
and Iuieldsr Groh To Boston IL lac can
secure Pitcher Tyler ia return. McGraw
wants a left-haui-r in reserve in case
"Kube" Marquard tails To- play this year.
ManaEe Frank chance says he will
~probahl make no deals to strengthen
the New York Americans until after lie
has seen them m action in spring train
INK. Manager ENrrs l. looking about
for pitchers AMI an outielier for the
Chicago Cubs. though he says he Is very
well satisfied with his team as IL stands.
The Cleveland club proposes TO hold
on to inrelder Olsen. but ~ willing to
trade F~aCkinpaugh 10 New York for a
pitcher. said 20 be Mcconnell.