davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1913-11-18
ROAD EXPERTS INSIST
ON AVOIDANCE OF HILLS
Teaching Farmers That Longest
Way Round" Often Is More
Profitable.

Good roads in the future should be
built on the zig-zag plan for the avoid
ance of hills and steep grades. the federal
office Of good roads announced today in
declaring that the lives of horses and
automobiles could be heightened thereby
and the cost of hauling reduced mate
rally. The experts contend that "the
longest way around often may be the
shortest and most economical way home.
and decry the natural tendency to build
straight roads whenever they must breast
heavy grades.
According to the testimony of farmers
consulted the bureau declares. where
a horse might be able to pull 1900 pounds
on level road, it would have difficulty
in pulling 1900 pounds up a steep hill
The size OF the load. therefore. tends to
be measured by the grade of the largest
hill on the road to market. In a number
of cases actual experiment shows that
the relocating of roads around hills has
been accomplished with no addition, or
an addition of only a few feet to the
highways.
Disinclination of communities and in
diyiduals to sacrifice rich and fertile
land to road purposes. the government
experts acknowledge. stands in the way
Of carrying out the proposed reform. They
are seeking to impress on the rural COM
munities however the economic advan-
tages to be gained by the elimination Of
steep grades from the seats of supply to
the markets.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
New Fire-Fighting Machines
at Conservation Conqress

The foresters In attendance on the Ma
tional Conservation Congress at the New
Willard Hotel are greatly interested in
an exhibit attached to the congress Of a
new fire-ighting apparatus. and railroad
men and others who have to deal with
ire-fghting and water-carrying devices
today and last night thronged the room
In which 1t is placed.
The apparatus is manufactured in sew
eral kinds of sets, one to be carried by
man, one to be carried on horseback. and
another in a chest the latter for use OH
railroad hand-cars. or in trains.
The kits contain, in each case. an ex-
tinguisher, with sprinkler attached. These
metal extinguishers hold water. and an
ingenious device of a cartridge loaded
with sulphuric acid is placed inside of
them and its chemical contents mingled
with the water In such a way that the
hands of the operator never are in dan
ger Of touching the acid
The water for the kits is carried In
waterproof bags. The man-carried bags
hold eight gallons of water. and the
horse-carried bags hold thirty gallons
The use of the kits Is directed by a
system Of locating fires by means Of
triangulation. The exhibit contains .
map, showing how the fires to be fought
are located with telescopes.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
PLAN TRA|NMEN MERGER
10000 Pennsylvania R. R.
Employees May Form One
Labor Organization.

PITTSBURGH, November Estate
ments made here today by railroad men in
dicate that 10000 employees Of the Pennsyl-
vania railroad east Of Pittsburgh are to be
merged into one labor organization, de-
tails Of which will be worked out at a
series of meetings to be held next Sunday.
Under the new arrangement, the Brother
hood Of Railroad Trainmen Order of Rail-
way Conductors, brotherhoods Of Loco
motive Engineers and Firemen and the
Order of Railway Telegraphers are to
make up the new body
To the present those who are interested
in the movement have been meeting in
separate organizations. but the meeting
next Sunday is expected to bring to-
gether representatives from each of the
bodies affected Among the important
questions to be decided before the ANAL
gamation is complete is whether the
Pennsylvania workmen who are to form
the new organization will withdraw from
the national union with which they have
been affiliated. 1t is plainly stated that
the merging of the unioHs is for the pur-
pose of bringing about closer relationship
among all the men employed on the Penn
sylvania railroad.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
DANIELS SPEAKS IN OMAHA.
Discusses Cession Of Louisiana to the
United States.

OMAHA. Neb.. November 1s-Iosephus
Daniels, Secretary OF the Navy. was the
guest Of honor today at a luncheon given
by the Omaha Commercial Club and
made an address devoted largely to the
history of that region west of the Mis-
sissippi.
Mr. Daniels reverted to the fact that
soon after the cession of Louisiana to the
United States by France war broke out
between the latter and England. He ex-
pressed the thought that had not this
territory been acquired by the United
States it would have been promptly
seized by Great Britain and might today
have been a part Of Canada The several
attempts made by President jefferson to
explore the territory acquired were de-
scribed to show that he recognized the
importance of early development OF its
vast resources. Secretary Daniels pro-
gram included an address before the
Omaha Manufacturers Association this
afternoon. Tonight he speaks in Lin
coin.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
TO KEEP CANAL OPEN
British Shippers Depending on
Royal Navy to Guard
Their interests.

LONDON, November 18.-'T am voicina
the opinion OF large merchant shipping
interests in saying that we rely upon our
costly navy to prepare measures to keep
the Panama canal always open to British
shipping declared Charles Stuar,
Marine. representative Of extensive Scot
tish shipping interests in an address be-
fore the Royal United Service Institution
here today.
Despite the Hay-Pauncefote treaty"
said Mr. Marine. 1.-The world Is now faced
by a fortified Panama canal instead OF
one entirely for the benefit of the COM
merce Of all nations. 1 see nothing to
prevent the United States Senate from
closing Panama at will against those
having equal right in its use II such q
course appears to their interest. l regard
this as serious situation II not an entire
breach Of faith by the United States gov
ernment."
Evening star., 1913-11-18
1s47, hanged forty-two prisoners at Nix.
coac. Mexico.
Civil War Precedents.

During the civil war the entire gar
rison at Fort Pillow was executed, and
1t Is notorious that border cavalry COL
umns. sucn as those OF Mosby and Nor
gan. executed many prisoners by way OF
reprisal.
Both of these officers were at that time
denounced as bandits and cutthroats,
precisely as Villa Is denounced today by
the Huerta sympathizers. Gen. Sher-
man destroyed hundreds of miles Of rail-
road and burned thousands of houses,
and was denounced the world over for
1t; but it was military necessity that JUS
titled the act. Gen. Jacob Smith cleaned
up Samar by killing everybody In sight
except small children, and the 9TH
Cavalry. in reprisal for having been
treacherously fired on a few days before.
nearly wiped the entire Sioux tribe of
Indians out of existence at Wounded
Knee.
ut can be depended on that if there
have been executions at Juarez each
case will be found pregnant with justi-
fying circumstances"
Luis Cabrera. leading Mexican con-
stitutional lawyer, who was formerly a
member of the chamber of deputies until
Huerta went into power, has arrived in
Washington and will go to Nogales to
join Gen. Carranza. 1t is expected here
that he will be given a prominent posi-
ton with the constitutionalists.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
SWISS INDEPENDENCE
CELEBRATED AT FETE
Three Local Societies Join in Enter
tatnment-Dances In Native
Costumes.

With the women and children attired
In the native costumes Of the twenty
two cantons and the walls displaying
the colors and designs of a score or
more flags, the Washington Gruetli Yer
elm, Die Stauffacherin and the Union Hell
vetia celebrated Jointly the 006th ami
versary of the independence of Switzer-
land at Old Masonic Temple last even
ing.
Swiss music and the Swiss dances were
included in the entertainment helping
to complete novel and a pretty sight.
In the banquet hall two mammoth
cakes adorned the tables. one a repro
duction OF q Swiss chalet, with a pastor
al scene In the background and a foun-
tain in the center with happy children
playing around. and the other a repre-
sentation OF liberty. surrounded by the
seals Of the twenty-five cantons.
Folk Dances a Feature.
Folk dances by the women Of Die
Stauffacherin attired in their native dress
were a feature to add to the charm of
the event
DR.. e. Bauman, charge dafYaires Of
Switzerland. delivered an address OF well
come in French and German, inspired
by patriotic theme. He was attended
by Chancellors Steiner and Keller of
the Swiss legation.
The following had charge of the cele-
bration: Theodore Picard, Jacob Brueg-
ger. Edward Eychrowsky. Julius Egion.
Edward s. Schmid and Leon Chatelain.
representing the Washington Gruetii
Verein: Mrs. K. Engles, Mrs. J. Zitchl.
Mrs. J. Eisenbeiss. Mrs. 8. Bushby. Mrs.
NJ Sebastian, Mrs. L. Notter. Mrs. A.
Speiss, Mrs. NJ. Schmidt and Miss A.
Holer, from Die Stauffacherin; c. Fug.
lister, A. Tamagni, p. Heig. v. Mareion-
etti, o. Balestra and o. Wergler. from
the Union Helvetia. The general COM
mittee in charge was composed Of Ed
ward s. Schmid, Mrs. F. Engies, Miss
Pauline Holer. and Julius Egloff.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
NINE. MARCHESI DIES.
Famous Vocal Teacher Passes Away
in London Aged Eighty-Seven.

LONDON. November 1S.-Mme. Ma
thilde de Castrone Marchesi. probab bly,
the most famous vocal teacher in the
world. died today at the age of eighty
seven. Nine. Marchesi was born at
Frank fort on the Main and her maiden
name was Mathilde Graumann. She
was originally court singer, but
Joined the Vienna Conservatory as a
teacher i'm 1854.
She afterward taught in Paris, then
Cologne, and later returned to Vienna.
In 1881 she established herself perma-
nently in Paris. Nine. Marchesi's hus-
band, Salvatore Cavalieri de Castrone,
Marchese della Rajata. was also a sing
er. He made his debut In New York In
184S Her daughter, Mile. Blanche
Marchesi, il a concert and opera singer
who has frequently appeared In the
United States and aCnada.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
GIVES SIGHT TO OLD FOLKS.
Operations for Glaucoma by DR.. Rob
ert H. Elliott Are Successful.

CHICAGO. November 1S.-Oficial re-
ports of the eye clinics of Dr. Robert
H. Elliott Of the Indian medical service
presented at an executive session of the
Chicago archaeological society were
made public today. DIR. Elliott is the
originator of an operation for glaucoma,
popularity known as "old folks blindness .
which he has demonstrated in various
cities. including Chicago. at the recent
clinical congress of surgeons. and at Min
neapolis. In the latter city eighteen cases
were treated and according to the re-
port seventeen were successful The
eighteenth case was stubborn and the
result cannot be known for at least three
months.
Hitherto the appearance Of glaucoma
presaged blindness. but by the Elliott
method the blindness may be averted, the
report said. or even cured where the pa
tents sight had not been gone more than
six months.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
SEEK DIPLOMATIC POSITIONS.
Thirty-Seven Take Examinations fol
Secretarvshina

Thirty-seven candidates fer appoint
ment as secretaries In the diplomatic
service. to fill five existing vacancies, are
undergoing examination by the civil serv-
Ice commission and special examining
board Of the State department. They
took a written examination yesterday
and today are being examined orally.
The vacancies will be filled by the i've
candidates standing highest In order of
merit. In case more tnan five of the
candidates pass above a certain standard
of merit the excess will be placed on the
eligible list for appointment to future
vacancies.
Similar comp etitive examinations will
be held at the State Department Janu-
ary IS to fiji three vacancies in the con-
suiar service
Evening star., 1913-11-18
lection for the place and that Mr.. Coch-
ran cannot land.
Overlooks One Qualification.

Senator James Hamilton Lewis Of Ilh-
nois admitted today that he had omitted
from his book on the United States Sen
ate an important qualification Of United
States senator. Mr.. Lewis called at the
White House to ask an appointment for
a constituent to see President Wilson.
MY. my" he said, barely concealinG
a yawn. II have been going since short
ly after o'clock this morning, simply
doing messenger duty. Everybody +
know or who knows me seems to want
a position, to be promoted in the one
he has, to be transferred or reinstated.
1t takes up an awful amount of time.
II think I shall write another book
on the Senate. some time. in which ]
shall dwell with great emphasis on the
fact that an important qualification for
a United States senator Is that he shall
be first-elass messenger boy.
1t was shortly after / o'clock today
when today's cabinet meeting ended.
The Mexican situation had been the prin-
cipal topic of consideration. The rumored
uprising of the Navajo Indians OF New
Mexico, in defense of eight desperate men
Of their tribe. wanted by the law. who
have ned from justice to the Beautiful
mountain. was also discussed. Secretary
Lane o. the Interior Department said
that he would have something to say on
this situation later I'm the day.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
DEPENDS ON COOL WEATHER.
Thanksgiving Turkeys to Cost About
Same as Last Year.

CHICAGO, November 1S.-A Thanks
giving dinner in Chicago will cost
about the same as it did a year ago.
Commission men said yesterday that
turkeys will probably retail here next
week at from 20 to % cents a pound,
with "a or 25 cents the average price.
provided the weather remains cool
Should the weather become warm be-
tween now and Thanksgiving day mer-
chants say farmers will not ship tur-
keys to the Chicago market and that
prices slightly above those of last year
may result. Cranberries and delicacies
that go with the Thanksgiving meal
are quoted at about last years prices.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Blockade of Mexican Ports
Not Yet Determined Upon
by the u. S. Government

Talk OF a blockade of Mexican ports
by American warships was revived here
today. but high officials said that such
q step had not been determined upon.
despite the contrary reports from Mex
leo City 1t was generally believed In
official circles that the naval blockade
will not be determined upon until the
Presidents present policy has been al
lowed to work itself out further.
President Wilson and the cabinet met
today and discussed the latest phases OF
the Mexican situation. Overnight devel-
Evening star., 1913-11-18
DRUGGISTS WIVES GUESTS.
Woman Visitors to Jacksonville Dur
ing Convention Are Entertained.

JACKSONVILLE, Fla, November 1S.-
Woman visitors accompanying delegates
to the convention Of the National Whole
sale Druggists Association were enter
tanned today with an automobile ride
about the city and at a luncheon at the
Country Club. Routine matters occupied
the time of the morning session of the
convention. Following a short session this
afternoon the convention planned to ad-
journ for sightseeing. A reception to
President Albert Plaut and q dance were
features planned for tonight.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
RESCUE SHIP NEARS PORT.
Pannonia, With Balmes' 103 Passen'
gers. Reaches New York Tomorrow

NEW YORK, November Is - The
steamship Pannonia, with lob passengers
rescued from the burning Spanish steam
er Balmes. Is expected to reach her pier
here tomorrow morning A message to
this effect was received today from Capt.
Robert Capper, the Pannonia's COM
mander.
The immigration officials have not de-
cided whether the passengers from the
Balmes will be kept on board until the
Pannonia returns to the Mediterranean
or sent to the immigration station at
Ellis Island to await the departure of
the next steamer for Spain. Most of the
passengers were from Cuba. bound for
Cadiz or Barcelona
Evening star., 1913-11-18
TO BUILD MEMORIAL TO
VICTIMS OF THE MAINE
Local Firm Awarded Contract and
Given Eight Months to Do
the Work.

Following the recommendation Of the
chief Of the Quartermaster Corps. As
sistant Secretary Breckenridge OF the
War Department has awarded the con-
tract for the construction OF the memorial
to the victims of the battleship Maine to
Norcross Bros. of this city. at their bid
Of $44.697. Bids for that work were
opened more than a month ago. but owing
to the controversy that arose among some
OF the builders. the War Department was
not able to take final action until today
The design for the memorial. as sub
mitted by Nathan @. wyeth OF this city
and approved by the commission OF fine
arts. calls for q stone mausoleum similar
In contour and effect to the turret OF a
battleship. as a setting for the recovered
mainmast and fighting top OF the de.
stroyed vessel.
The base will be built Of granite. with ar
interior lining Of white marble. On the
outer surface OF the granite base will be
inscribed the names Of the two officers
2S2 sailors and twenty-eight marines who
lost their lives when the Maine went
down in the harbor Of Havana, fifteen
years ago last February.
Stones Best Adapted for Work.
IL Is explained by Col. Glenn of the
Quartermaster Corps that the bid Of Nor.
.ross Bros. although not the lowest one
.eceived. was accepted because the stones
called for in their bid were regarded as
best adapted to the special purposes oi
the memorial. Those stones are Troy
IN. H.) white granite and Vermont white
marble. None OF the samples OF other
granite submitted. said Col. Glenn. was
regarded as so well adapted for the carv.
ing OF the eight thousand or more letters
in the inscriptions required by the speci.
fications.
Under the contract just entered into
Norcross Bros. are given eight months tt
complete the memorial. SO that the indi
cations are that II will not be ready fol
formal dedication before the middle OF
July next
The site selected for the memorial lis il
the Maine section of the Arlington GENE
terry. where most Of the victims Of the
Maine are buried.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
TO LIFT LOUISIANA DEBT.
State Convention Begins Discussion
Of Ways and Means

BATON ROUGE. La. November lS.-
With the report of the committee on debt
as a special order. the Louisiana const-
tutional convention this morning began
discussion of ways and means OF liquidat-
ing the states n-milltOn-dollar in
debtedness. due January 1.
The committee approved the sale or
exchange of ~ per cent bonds. not to
run over fifty years. II there Is delay
in floating the issue. the board of uqui-
dation is empowered to sell or exchange
: per cent short-term bonds, to be taken
up when the AZ per cent issue Is sold.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
THAW'S REARREST ORDERED
Argument of Counsel, However, De
LAYS Definite Action.

CONCORD. II. H.. November 18.-Judge
Edgar Aldrich. in the federal court today.
ordered the rearrest Of Harry X. Thaw
on the strength OF the extradition war
rant issued recently by Gov. Felker.
This was done to clear the record but
counsel Immediately engaged in an argu-
ment over the custody of the prisoner,
and the new arrest was delayed pending
the decision of the court on certain tech
nicalities.
Evening star., 1913-11-18

GARZA ADALPE,
Who was forced to resign from the
ministry of the interior Of Mexico by
President Huerta. 1T is declared. be-
cause Of his too great friendliness Tor
the United States.
opments apparently brought no change,
but keen interest was shown In the or
xanization of the new Mexican congress.
that that body would heed the warning OF
the United States and take no action On
concessions
Rapid Gains by Rebels.
Reports received from the front by con-
stitutionalists agents here were to the
effect that their cause is rapidly gaining
in strength. Rumors of the capture OF
the city of Chihuahua b. their forces
have not been confirmed by the constitu-
tionalists here but they expected the city
to fall in the very near future This
: would place more than half OF Mexico
under the direct control of the rebels.
new development was the announce
ment here that a constituttonaiist force
is moving on Mazatlan. an important port
on the Pacific coast of the state OF Sin
aloa. not far from the city Of Culican.
which was captured by the constitution
alists last week. With Mazatlan in their
possession the constitutionalists would be
In position to import arms and ammu-
milton from Japan.
Constitutionalists' agents here said that
in short time their forces are going
to be able TO get all the arms and am
munition they want whether the United
States raises the embargo on the expor-
fatiOn of munitions of war from this
country or not. They said that the United
States now has the opportunity of gain
ing the friendship Of the majority of the
Mexican people by raising the embargo
and furnishing the means for speedily
ending the civil war.
Blockade as Last Resort.
1t was believed here that President VIII
son will order blockade OF Mexican
ports only as a last resource, In case he
should feel that the constitutionalists can
not overthrow Huerta- Such a blockade,
1t was pointed out here. while ordinarily
considered as an act Of war. would have
no such effect in this case. because Mexi-
co could do nothing against the United
States.
Regarding the executions Of federal off,
GERS by constitutionalists at Juarez. q
man In close touch with the constitu-
tionalist movement said today that Gen.
Carranza has given orders that no un-
necessary executions be permitted
The American public should not accept
the sensational reports relative to the
alleged executions of Huerista prisoners
at Juarez without taking into considera-
tion all the facts many of which have
not yet been made public" said this man
today
This much may be said, however. al
the present time: Huerta causes to be
executed every constitutionalist, be he
officer or enlisted man, captured by his
troops The constitutionalists are there
fore, forced to make reprisals in a man.
ner justified by war and precedent
For instance, Gen. Jacnson arbitrarily
hanged two British SUBJECTS, Armbruste,
and Arthbunot, because they were sus
pected of having participated in Indiar
raids against Americans during tho
Florida war. Gen. Scott, In September
Evening star., 1913-11-18
INDIANS ON WARPATH
DEFY j. S. MARSHAL
Cavalry Asked for to DisIodge
Navajos From Fortified
Table Mountain.

SANTA FE, n. NJ, November 1S.-FIf-
teen hundred Navajo Indians rallied in
defense OF eight renegades and are re-
ported in armed encampment on Beauti-
full mountain, thirty-fve miles south
west Of Shiprock agency, defying United
States Marshal Hudspeth to take prison.
er the outlaws who are wanted on fed
eral warrants charging horse stealing,
assault and bigamy.
Two troops Of cavalry have been asked
for by the marshal. and the request has
been referred by the War Department
to Maj. Gen. Carter, in command Of the
border patrol
Force May Be Increased.
1t is feared that before the cavalry
arrives the renegades will be joined by
many more at the command Of the medi-
cine men and of the plural-wife men who
are reported to be stirring the Nayajos
to rebellion.
The Indians are fortifying on a high
table mountain, the summit Of which Is
approachable by only one tortuous road
Agent w. T. Shelton is at the agency
awaiting the arrival of the troops.
Marshal Hudspeth. after surveying the
position Of the Indians. returned here
gades. The eight others escaped and ral-
lied their tribesmen to the defense before
the marshal reached the agency.
Threats OF a Massacre.
The request for aid was made after a
conference at the reservation between
Indian Agents Shelton. Parquet and Maj.
]. T. Mclaughlin after the Navajos had
sent word that the outlaws would not be
given up. They also said that if at
tackled they would burn the agency and
kill those In charge.
At the suggestion OF Maj. Mclaughlin
cavalry was asked for because Of the
moral effect. which the sheriff's posse
could not produce.
An investigation by the marshal and
the Indian agents showed that the In
dians surrounding the renegade leaders
had rounded up their cattle and sheep,
harvested their corn and otherwise made
ready for a siege.
The Indians are led by Chief Black
Horse and $50 young bucks. Their en-
campment surrounds the Noel trading
post on Beautiful mountain.