davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
FATHER MAKES BOMBS
THAT SENDS HIS OWN
DAUGHTER TO DEATH

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
NEW YORK, Feb. 4.-Confes-
sing that he sent bombs which
killed two women here and an
other which very nearly killed
Judge Rosalsky was made to the
police today by John Farrell.
Farrell's first crime, he says,
was when he sent wrapped bomb
which killed Mrs. Grace Taylor
Walker in her apartment here a
year ago. He says the woman
was his daughter and that he
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

killed her because he could not
endure seeing her live life of
shame.
The man also confessed to
sending a bomb to Judge Rosal-
sky, which exploded in his flat
last March and which almost
proved fatal. His third crime,
he said, wa sthe killing of Mrs.
Bernard Herrera by a bomb
which Sc sent and which exploded
with fatal results in her apart
ment here last Sunday night.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

MEXICO CITY, Feb. e.
Twenty-Five persons were
killed, ten were wounded and
ten or fifteen women were
kidnapped by Mexican rebels
who attacked IL train between
San Rafael and Atlixco, 80
miles from here, today.
According to the dis
patches received here telling
of the fight, ~ men or the
trains military guard were
killed and all the others
wounded. Ten of the passen-
gers, including several wom-
en-, were slain.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
(By United Press Leased Wire.)

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
OLYMPIA, Feb. An the first
big test of strength on a clear
cut isshe between reactiOnaries
and prOgressives the former won
out yesterday in the house, twice
defeating the proposition TO
amend the constitution 10 extend
the recall to the judiciary.
:. The fight opened in the morn
ing on the bill of Cookery Of Spo-
kane to submit to the people the
judicial recall. The chamber re-
sounded with oratory for a cou-
pie of hours and then the bill
went down to defeat with go fOr
it to 81 against, lacking five votes
Of the required two third ma
ority.
At the noon recess Sam r.
Sumner of Chelan agreed to move
a reconsideration IN the afternoon
as his only objection to the bill
was it failed to provide judicial
review of the sufficiency of the
petitions. The motion was made
and again the bill was precipitat-
ed into the house for a stormy
parliamentary battle.
Thomas Murphine attempted TO
have the bill set over for u special
order to give the recall advocates
time to gether their forces but
the speaker and the house stood
against him. A second vote was
forced and the bill went down
again SO to 40.
$. The complete vote Is printed
on page seven today.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

year-old child, who is paralyzed.
This child, Lucille. has been a
burden on Mrs. McHighland's s
hands from the time Mr.. McHigh-
land died, about eleven years ago.
And during this period the girl
has had four or five operations
performed, the cost of which the
mother bore.
Until last November the Nc
Highlands lived in Los Angeles. A
sister lives there who helped
them as much as she could. But
the girls health began to fail.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

the girl, Lucille, with her. Peo-
pie did not like it. Mrs. McHigh-
land could not give up her daugh-
ter. Then she must give up her
job.
At length. almost destitute, she
applied at children's home, ask
ing for aid.
The home could do nothing for
her.
Mother and daughter then
tramped out to the home con-
ducted by Mrs. Il. NJ. Woolsey. Ac-
cording to the latter, both mother
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

Doctors advised her removal to
more northern climate. They de-
,cided to come to Tacoma.
Accordingly, Mrs. McHighland
scraped and saved money until
she had enough to come to Taco
ma, They came, but the girls
health did not improve The
mother went to work. She was
employed in several Tacoma
homes, never staying at one place
very long.
There was q reason. Every
where she went, she had to take
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

bullet wound in his head. A
coroner's jury composed of mill
lionaires, headed by August Bel
mont, brought in an accidental
death" verdict.
A year later the widow mar
ried Frederick o. Beach, known
as Beauty" Beach. He was
fond, at that time, OF telling
about his mile of sweethearts.
Since the night her throat was
cut, Mrs. Beach and her husband
have been apparently devoted to
each other.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
FOR INCOME TAX
(By United Press Leased Wire.)

(By United Press Leased Wire.1
WASHINGTON, d. c., Feb. A..
President Tart will proclaim
the income tax amendment part
of the constitution of the United
States as soon as the state depart
ment receives official written no.
tification from three-fourths of
the states that their legislatures
have ratified the measure. This
announcement was made at the
White House today.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

Up i'm the charity commission
er's office at the courthouse this
morning. sat woman-old, gray
and wrinkled. Her hands opened
and closed spasnodically. For
the visit was fraught with import
to her.
The woman is Mrs. Mary Nc
Highland. She is a newcomer in
Tacoma-has hardly an acquaint-
ance in the city, much less a
friend. She Is practically penni-
less.
And she has the care of 13-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
WHIP SLAVERS

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, Feb. A.
Declaring he favored whipping
post for white slavers and urging
the stamping out of white slavery
wherever found, Lieut.. Governor
O'Hara began his duties as presi-
dent of the Illinois senate today.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
The Pierce County Vote.

o Pierce county looms large
8 in the lower house at Olym- {
9 pia yesterday as represcn- 8
. tative progressive county in I
Q the vote on the judicial vote.
o There was just one black
o spot-Jimmy Davis.
@ Davis stood with the Z
@ friends of the old gang op- I
@ posed to allowing the people :
. to rule.
o The rest of the Pierce
@ county with the exception or
. Dix Rowland, who was alb 4
9 sent, voted a unit for sub (
@ mitting the judicial recall to
o the people to let them de-
@ eide. They were Croake,
o Bryant, Gilkey, Gilbo, Her
o Der, Langford, Norton ana
@ Sweet.
s. @ @ @ g Is q, @ q @ q a a G. n
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

"Movie" Daily grees
Chief u N California.
REPORTER WRITES CALIFORNIA
DO where they the wild pictures
n 'moyies"?
Califos la, where 26 film
studios"
o a big?
That's the California, thousands
things pictures-simpy
movie" expert Gertrude spent
getting
The appear n films.
"TRIP OVER THE IMMENSE OUTDOOR WORKSHOP OF THE UNI
WHERE
ACTORS TO ESCAPE A BAND OF WILD CATTLE DURING
ROUNDUP. NJ
friendship of Big Chief and his
O Indians
IoOkf
a
MONA DAI<FEATHER
DIAN" CHARACTER PLAYER GOT HER NAME.
Miss Price roaring crazy
Angeles
FIRST STORY IN TOMORROW'S TIMES.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
INDIANAPOLIS, Feb. 4.-Fif-
ty thousand dollars damage today
is awarded Miss Gertrude Hessier
in breach of promise suit
against Carl G. Fisher, million
aire clubman. Miss Hassler sued
for 100000.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
vl1'.4 EDITION

and for Is the patriots of this land worked and talked
Justices action.
The income has always considered
possible
able bear
emped an
than $3O OOO $4,000
the income The fairness
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
TOOK Is YEARS FOR THE PEOPLE TO OVERRULE ONE JUDGE

constitutionality
The court believed
it.
Next he
judge had changed his
United States
justice shifted his opinion over
The their
him
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
STRIKE FEARED

MARSEILLES, Feb. 5.-Fol-
lowing a contest over wages, a
general strike of officers of sea-
going merchant. vessels sailing
from France is threatened today.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

not attack property Lots of people have much property but
hold
fall
people % ti, the
crooked
finally that this
is weaken
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

RECALL
FAILS

REPRESENTATIVES, CORKERY'S
BILL TO AMEND THE CON-
STITUTION TO PROVIDE FOR
THE RECALL OF JUDGES
FAILS TO PASS BEFORE THE
HOUSE-ALL OF PIERCE
COUNTY MEMBERS VOTE
FOR RECALL EXCEPT ONE
ROWLAND is ABSENT.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
SLURS
CHORUS GIRL
(By United Press Leased wire) |

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. A.
Despite his attorneys denuncia-
ton of Elizabeth Mayne, chorus
girl, as "a person who loved to
see herself and her tights in
print" DR.. Samuel Weiss, who
sent an obscene letter to the act
ress, was sentenced to four
months in the Alameda county
jail and a fine of 500.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

The has been ratified by the number Of
officially declared effective by the United
yesterday.
All that remains to be done apply the principle in
battle of its
support
a lasting repeal of the
a
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
PARIS FLOODED

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
PARIS, Feb. with the
water in the Seine mounting
about two inches an ho' /. today
Paris fears a repetitie of the
disastrous floods of the winter or
1901.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
OLD BAY STATE

(By United Press Leased Wire
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. A.
Massachusetts, the first New Eng
land state to select site for par
ticfpation in the 1915 Panama Pa
cific exposition picked its site here
today.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
MRS. Balm
FAINTSON
STAND

AGED WIFE OF M'NAMiRA
JUROR UNABLE TO STAND
ORDEAL OF CROSS EXAM
NATION AT SECOND DAR-
ROW BRIBERY CASE - RE-
PEATS HISTORY Or FRANK
LIN'S OFFER TO HUSBAND.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
NEW GOLD
CAMP OPEN
(By United Press Leased Wire.

RENO, Feb. 4.-Wild with ex-
citement the new mining camp of
Rochester, on Hetzel mountain,
near here, is today unearthlng a
vein of gold ore running 200
ounces silver and $4O0 gold to the
ton. The discovery is the bigges.
in Nevada in recent years and all
leases are operating three shifts
day.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

q Where Beach he sitting when his wife
tackled Where Beach place
L. Where earrings found Where maid beaten with
assalan said followed
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
TURKS MuTlNY

PARIS, Feb. 4.-lteports that
the second stage OF the Balkan
war may be short became cur
rent here today when an uncon-
firmed news agency dispatch de-
clared that the porte had agreed
to the unconditional surrender OF
Adrianople and had teiegraphed
proposals TO that effect 10 the
capitals of the Balkan states.
The dispatch said that the mu-
tinous attitude of the Ottoman
troops at Tehatalja had caused
the porte's change of front.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
REB GENERAL
OROZCO SAID
TOBEDEAD

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
Ell PASO, Feb. 4.-That Gen
eral Pascual Orozco, leader of the
Mexican revolutionists, is dead, is
believed here today as a result OF
information that Marcel Caraveo,
now in command of Orozcos for
mer troops. has gone to Chihuhua
in an effort to arrange peace
terms with the representatives of
President Madero
1t is reported that General
Orozeo was killed some months
ago at the battle of Ojinaga and
that his death has been kept Sc
cret.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 4.-Fol-
lowing publication or unconfirm-
ed dispatches telling of the death
of Gen. Pascual OroZco. Sonora
Orozco, who is living here, is ex-
hausting every effort today TO
learn the source of the reports.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
ADRIANOPLE
BURNS; TURKS
in MUTINY

(By United Press Leased Wire.)
SOFIA, Feb. 4.-Reports from
the Bulgarian army front this
afternoon say that part of Adrian
ople is on fire as n result of the
Bulgarian bombardment. 1t Is
believed here that the city may be
destroyed by fire.
Semi-officiaI announcement
was made today that the cannon
aiding begun at Adrianople last
night was resumed at dawn.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04
REBELS
SLAY y
PERSONS

ATTACK TRAIN LOAD OF PAS
SENGERS - FIFTEEN WOM-
EN KIDNAPPED by REBELS
AFTER DESPERATE BATTLE
WITH TRAIN CREW.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-02-04

For Tacoma and vi
cinity: Snow and
colder tonight and
Wednesday.
For Washington:
Snow west tonight
and Wednesday, snow
east portion tonight
or Wednesday, colder
with cold wave east
portion.
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

until four months ago l began giving
lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com
pound a trial and now l am in good
health. - Mrs. WILLIAM H. GILL, Is
Pleasant Street, Auburn, New York.
"DOctOr's Daughter Took It,"
St. Cloud, Mimi was so run down
by overwork and worry that l could not
stand it to have my children talk aloud
or walk heavy on the floor. One of my
friends said, TRY Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound, for / know a doc
tors daughter here in town who takes
it and she would not take it if it were
not good
"I sent for the Compound at once and
kept on taking it until l was all right"
Mrs BERTHA M. QUICKsTADT, 727 5th
Avenue, S., st. Cloud. MINI.
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com
pound may be relied upon as the most
efficient remedy for female ills. Why
don't you tryits
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06
Death of Pioneer

Another pioneer Of this section and
an early day settler in the Six Mile
canyon district, passed away last ev-
ening in P. r. Bruce, whose death
came at his home after a long per-
iod of i'll health due to the ailments
and Affections of old age. He had
had several failing spells of late, and
his death was not unexpected by
the members of his family. Mr.. Bruce
was among the first of the pioneers
to come to the new camp at Mt.
Davidson, and he took up his abode
IL the canyon, it being the scene of
great mining activity from one end to
the other. He was a native of Scot
land, and leaves a wife, three daugh-
tiers, one of whom, Mrs. Joseph Fish
er, arrived yesterday from Nevada
City, Cal, and one son, John Bruce.
of this city.-Chronicle.
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06
Big Gain Made by
ESmeralda County

I The county commissioners Spent
most of the morning in a careful TX
animation of the report made to them
by \. +. Byler, the civil engineer who
formed Esmeralda's representative
OF the joint survey board that has
| just completed fixing the boundary
| line between Esmeralda and Nye
counties. Mr.. Byler was at the meet
ing and explained the survey, point
| ing out the actual changes that had
been made and Sheriff ingalls,, who
is personally familiar with almost ev-
cry foot of the ground gone over
went over it with Mr.. Byler.
a close analysis Of the survey and
a comparison with the maps of the
assessors office proved that the &C
tual gain to Esmeralda county by the
vo-h was seventy and perhaps sew
enty-two patented lode-mining claims
In addition. to this three-quarters ot
a mile Of the Las Vegas and Tono-
pah railroad company's track, here
tofore assessed t o Nye, is found to be
i'll Esmcralda county, while, besides
TINS, Nye county loses the assess
ntent on a mile and a half of track
OF the Tonopah and Tidewater line.
The commissioners and officials at
the cur house are very much pleas
ed, as they now have tangible prop
though q valuable part of Tonopah
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

Your advertising placed in the Ev-
ening Appeal will reach the people
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06
NEW ORDER BY u. S.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
Depositors Must Pay Express
Charges for Transportation OF
Bullion From Carson City to
San Francisco.

The following Geographic order has
been received at the U. S. Mint at
Carson City, Nevada, from the U. S.
Treasury Department at Washing
ton, D. c.:
washington, D. c., Oct. II, 1913.
"Assayer in charge Mint, Carson,
Nevada:
Taking effect at once until further
notice the business of your office
will be confined to provisions of Sec
ton thirty-hve hfty-eight, Revised
Statutes. excepting where depositors
will consign bullion assayed by you
to either Mint and pay charges direct
to express company at commercial
rates and deliver way bill to you,
bullion may be purchased as usual
Refusal of Congress to make appro-
priation for transportation charges
make this necessary.
"ROBERTS, Director.
APPROVED:
CIVILIANS, Asst Sec'y."
Section 1858 u. S. Revised Statutes
referred to above reads as follows:
Sec. 1858. The business of the
Mint of the United States at Denver,
while conducted as an assay office,
that of the United States assay office
at Boise City, and that of any other
assay offices hereafter established,
shall be confined to the receipt Of
OF the IT, ober .ober.pi
Sold and silver bullion, for melting
and assaying to be returned to de-
positors of the same in bars, with
the weight and hneness stamped
thereon"
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

A meeting of the members of the
New. fish and game commission and
the California commission will be
held at Reno on a date between the
5th and 10th of November to discuss
plans for the Improvement OF the
fish ladder at Derby dam The mem
bers of the commissions and engi-
neers from California will visit Derby
estimates and agree on changes to
be made. The result of the meeting
will be sent to Washington % be
establishment Of an adequatei fish
way at the dam.
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06
WOMAN SUFFERED
TEN YEARS
From Nervousness Caused b,
Female Ius-Restored to
Health by Lydia E.
Pinkham's Vegeta-
BILE Compound.
Auburn N. Y.-"I suffered from
nervousness for ten years, and had such

organic pains tndI
imes l would
lie in bed four days
at a time, could not
eat or sleep and did
not want anyone to
talk to me or bother
me at all. Some
times l would suffer
for v hours at a
time. Different doc
tors did the best
they could for me
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06
Rescue Eula Makes Change

J. w. Chandler. manager Of the
North Star, has been appointed man
ager of the Rescue Eula in place Of
J. ]. McQuillan. whose resignation
has been accepted by the directors.
The change became effective on the
1st Of November. The policy of the
new management has not yet been
defined, as Mr.. Chandler says he has
not yet had time to look over the
property and determine what is best
to be done. The only change has
been to name a new shit boss.-Bo-
nanza.
Your advertising placed in the Ev-
ening Appeal will reach the people
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

has been known to be within Esine-
ra'da county the taxes could not BE-
cole ted. The amount obtained from
taxes in the added survey will re-
ply the county in two years time
for the cost of the work. The coun-
t. had los nothing that the legisla-
ton had not taken away--Tribune.
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

Your advertising placed in the Ev
ening Appeal will reach the peopl,
and bring results.
Carson City daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1907-1930, 1913-11-06

To have enough wood around 50 the
tramp can pay for his meal, and for
kindling and for CRATE fires, but it will
not give you a uniform heat.
Nothing Better Than KING Coal
for general heating purposes. Don't
forget that there are different kinds
Of coal. Be sure you buy heating
quality. not simply weight. Slate and
rock are heavier than coal and cheap
err.
The Prescott daily news., 1913-05-07
LITTLE CITY LAWS

Sec. 158. Any person who shall, within this city, sell or offer for sale,any tainted or unwholesome meat, rotten corn, or other pro- visions so injured as to be unit for use, shall, for every such offense, be fined, on conviction, not more than $500.
 Sec. 1583. No person shall throw or cast any stone or other missile upon or at any public or private building or other public or private property, or upon or at any other person in any alley, street, place or inclosure or un> inclosed place in this city or aid or abet the same, under a fine for each offense of not exceeding $25.OO,
The Prescott daily news., 1913-05-07
REDUCED RATES.

Little Rock and return, ss On account Grand Council of Arkar' sas, United Commercial Tr.r elers of America. Tickets or sale May 18th and 16th, good fo, returning to reach Prescott nrio, to midnight of May 18th.
 Little Rock and return. & on account May Musical festival Tickets on sale May Eth. Stb and 9th good for returning until midnight of May 10th.
 Little Rock and return Ss qO account of Arkansas Retail Hard. ware Association. Tickets on sale May 18th to 14th inclusive Good for returning until mid. night of May 17tb. <
 o. B. Oliphint, Agent
 Advt.
The Prescott daily news., 1913-05-07
COMMENCEMENT
 AT GALE

Saturday, May IF. 8 p, m. - Contests in Music and Declama- tiOn.
 Sunday, May IS, II a. m.- Commencement Sermon by Rev. J. A. Smith, of Little Rock.
 Monday, Tuesday and Wednes- day-Final examination.
 Wednesday,, 500 a. m.-Con- cert by Primary and Intern edi- ate Departments.
 Thursday, 500 a. m.-Final concert by High School students. Every one is cordially invited to attend these exercises.
The Prescott daily news., 1913-05-07
Local News

Neather-Fair Wednesday and Thursday.
 The Sutton State High School closes it's eight months term Frir day.
 Dr. c. c. Purtle, of Highland, is in the city spending today with friends.
 Sam Mullins left last night for a few days business trip to Cot ton Valley, Louisiana.
 The Prescott Hardware Go. has just unloaded a car load of Ban ner & Moon buggies.
 J. o. Bryan, of Emmet, spent a portion of today in Prescott, transacting business.
 Elder E. Delaughter. Ot BOugh- ton, was in Prescott this morn ing attending to business mat terS.
 For Sale-6 Poland China Pigs, subject to registry. Address T. w. Felts, k. F. D. No. ?, Pres colt, Arkausas.
 See the Prescott Hardware Co.'s line of Moon & Banner buggies. Another carload re> ceived this week and another car load ordered.
 Dr. Louis c. Bernays, the Lit, tie Rock optician, is here today and has his office at the Hesterly Drug Store. Dr. Bernays will remain in Prescott until tomor. row (Thursday) afternoon.
The Prescott daily news., 1913-05-07

J. Q. Crow, the laundryman, was a business visitor to Hope this afternoon.
 Earle Hodges, secretary of the Arkansas Press Association, has been invited to address the stu dents of the Missouri School of Journalism on "The Cost and Value of a Country Newspaper" Earle doesn't know anything about it, but the Missourians won't find that out.-Texarkana Texarkanian. If a man is going to dellver a lecture on something he knows nothing of, he can find no better place to deliver it than Missouri = unless he goes to Kansas. Elk.