davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
MINES AND MINING STOCKS

than the grand vizier himself. tall
red bearded parsonage dressed all in
The sacred green of hadii cor holy
man who had made the pilgrimage ia
MeSsal. arose aud came round 10 where
Keith was standing by the table. 1T
affords me great pleasure. sir" the
grand vizicr began To the astounded
Keith i'm excellent English. with an on.
trancing Scottish accent. ito have the
opportunity Of meeting again with 80
distinguished person as yourself
You look surprised. but | we'll remem.
Der YOU and your brother going 10
school My father sir. was the bell.
man Of Elrkculdy"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENT.
Mar. III, Is, % Apr. I, s. Is, %, 80,
May 6, 10, 20. u June 3.
MORTGAGE SALE

WHEREAS. Default has been made
IN the payment of money secured by a
mortgage dated the 2Sth day of Octo-
Der 1910, executed by JACOB KALI
LCNkI and TII.DA KAlLUNKI his
wife of Laurium. Michigan to the
COPPER COUNTRY BUILDING x
LOAN ASSOCIATION of Calumet
Michigan which mortgage was record
ed in the office of the Register of
Deeds of the County of Houghton,
state of Michigan on the Bird day Of
November 1910 Ia Liber w of Mort
cages at page 22i. and which said
mortgage is now owned by the said
Copper Country Building * Loan AS
ISOLATION. and upon which mortgage
and the note secured thereby there is
now claimed To he due at the date Of
this notice the sum of Thirty-four
hundred eighty-flve and 3-iOO
tS3,fS5.OS) Dollars of principal and in
terest and no suit or proceeding hav =
Ing been instituted at law to recover
the debt now remaining secured by
such mortgage, or any part thereof.
and which mortgage contains q power
az sale: Now Therefore.
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN That
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENT.
Mar. 20. Apr. /. s. 10.

y u
STATE OF MICHIGAN,
The Probate Court for the county
% Houghton.
At u session of said court, held at
the probate office i'm the village OF
Houghton in said county, on the
END day of March y. ID. 1913.
Present, Hon. Geo &. Bentley, Judge
of Probate
In the Matter of the Estate of Thorn.
as Hill. Deceased.
Henry Hill having filed i'm said Court
his petition praying that the time for
the presentation of claims against said
estate bo limited and that "A time and
place he appointed to receive. examine
and adjust all claims and demands
against said deceased by and before
said Court,
1t is ordered, That four months
from this date he allowed for credit
ors to present claims against said es-
tate.
II is Further Ordered, That the 25tE
day of July, 1913. at ten o'clock
i'm the forenoon. at said Probate Office.
be and is hereby appointed for tho
examination and adjustment Of all
claims and demands against said de-
ceased. aud that notice thereof be Civ
en- by publication once each week, for
three successive weeks previous 10
said day of hearing, i'm the Calumet
News. IA newspaper printed and cir
culated in said county.
tSeaD GEO G.. BENTLEY.
a true copy Judge of Probete.
Alice Bell.
('loriy of Dc.I.to
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
FOLLOWING WOMEN ARE IN
NEED OF DcY WORK.

Mrs. Ira Jokela, 5i2-2nd st.
Mrs. Mary Hells. 23l-3rd St, Cen
tennial Heightc.
Mrs. Mary Gregorich, Cedar Lane.
Mrs. Cursinsky, 257 Wolverine st.
Laurium.
Mrs Bolma, $50 Cedar st.
Mrs. Lehto. Centennial.
Mrs. Ann Harvey, III Florida s..
Mrs. Auvain, 313 Osceola-
Mrs. Tervo. 24l5 y. s..
Mrs. Delacqua. al Tamarack St
Mrs. Mike Martin, 20S4 Calumet Ave
IL In need OF boys or girls for ode
jobs call FIR
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
a Scot as Grand vizinr-

In Further "reminiscences" Mrs.
Hugh Frazer tells of James Keith. n
Scotsman, who served with Spain. Rus
STA and Prussia AS general officer OF
the Empress Anna Petrovna he was
Entrusted with the conduct of some
preliminaries Of peace with Turkey
prior TO the treaty Of Belgrade.
On the completion Of the negotia.
tons, which were conducted in French,
tho Turkish representative. no other
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
OFFICE OF CALUMET AND AF7Iz
ONA MINING COMPANY.

TO the Shareholders: You are here
by notified that the Annual Meeting Of
the stockholders OF Calumet and ArIz-
una Mining Company will be held at
the Office of the Company, Warren.
Arizona, Monday, April 18th. 1919, at
10 o'clock a. NJ. for the purpose OF
electing eleven directors for the ensu-
ing year and for such other business
as may come before the meeting.
The transfer books OF the Company
will be closed March 9TH and will re-
mnin closed until March 18th. 1913.
by order of the Boards of Directors.
GORDON II. CAMPBELL.
Secretary.
Dated at Calumet, Michigan, March
LIST, 1913. advertisement Apr. I'D
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
To the Electors OF the Township Of
Calumet:

To the Electors OF the Township Of
Calumet:
Notice is hereby given that tho
Boards Of Registration of the Town.
ship of Calumet, will meet at the fol-
lowing named places, in said town
ship;
Precinct No. 1, at the Armory.
Precinct No. ., Calumet Captains Of
flee, Calumet.
Precinct No. ). Captains Office AT No
l6 shaft, Calumet.
Precinct No. 4, s. Hecla Captains of
flee.
Precinct No. 3, Norwegian Temp. Hall
Scott street.
Precinct No. 8, Red Jacket Town Hall.
Precinct No. I, Fredrickson Bldg. on
Pine st.
Precinct No. s, Finnish Hall at Cen
tennial Heights.
Precinct No. ., F'oresters' Hall. Wolv-
crime.
Precinct No. 10. Palmers Bldg.
Precinct No. II. Laurium Town Hall.
Precinct No. IL, Barnotti Bldg. l.. T..
Ave.
Precinct No. 10. Fire Hail. Copper
city.
on Saturday. the 29th day of March.
"A. d.. 1913. for the purpose Of regis
terinE the names of all such persons Az
shall he possessed of the necessary
pualiflcations of electors I'm said Pre-
cincts, who may apply for that pur-
pose. and that said boards of registra /.
ton will be In session on the day and
at The places aforesaid. from nine
O'Clock In the forenoon until five
o'clock i'm the afternoon, for purpose
aforesaid.
Dated this 18th day of March, A. ID.
1919.
by order Uf Township Board.
JAMES MAC NAUGHTON,
Supervisor.
GEO. MARTIN.
Township Clerk .2s
-(Advertisement))
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
March %. April /. s.
hllOllEZ MINING COMPANY.

The Annual Meeting of the Stock.
holders of the ALLOUEZ MINING
COMPANY will be held at the Com.
paly Office, in Boston, Massachu-
sets at T. Ashburton Place on Wed
nesdaN April . 1913, at 10 oclocb
~ NJ fer the purpose Of choosing hi
rcciUrs FOR the ensuing year. and foi
the transaction of any otEer busines,
that may lawfully come before such
meeting.
GEORGE A. t'LAGG,
Secretary
Boston, March Is, 1913.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
STOCKS
BOSTON STOCKS.

From Paine. Wsbbsr & Co., sns
Gay q Stures)
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
OFFICE OF SUPERIOR AND PITTS.
BURG COPPER COMPANY.

TO the Shareholders: You are here
by notified that the Annual Meeting Of
the stockholders of Superior d Pitts
burg Copper Company will be held at
the office of the Company Calumet,
Michigan, Monday, April 18th, 1913, at
IL o'clock noon. for the purpose of
clccting directors for the ensuing year
and for such other business as may
come before the meeting.
The transfer books Of the Company
will be closed March eth, 1913. and
will reopen March 18th. 1913.
BY order of the Boards of Directors.
GORDON r. CAMPBELL.
Secretary.
Dated ut Calumet. Michigan. Marcf
LIST. 1913. advertisement Apr 1p
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25
March -. - April I.

The Annual Meeting OF the stock
holders Of the TAMARACK MININ,;
COMPANY. of Michigan. will be held
at the Office of the Company, No. f.
Nshburton Place. Boston, Mass. on
Wednesday, the second day of April.
1913, at ten o'clock a. NJ. for the cleo
ton of Directors and the transaction
OF such ether business as may legally
come before the meeting.
GEORGE a. FLAGG.
ADVERTISEMENT Secretary.
Boston. March II, 1918
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1913-03-25

j. b. Drake, 50 years a conductor
on the Bangor q Portland railway,
has been rtired in Bethlehem. Pa. OIL
= pension.
Why not read tuday's news today?
Subscribe for The Calumet News
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21
Sport Coats at HALF
Regularly $3.50 to $25. 90

Regularly $I2.5O to 5000
We have just % Sport Coats left which we offer at
Half Price for immediate clearance because sizes
are not complete in any one style. Made of
Chinchilla, Boucle. Eponge, Mackinaw
Coating Kersey in red, emerald, dark
rose, oxford, brown and white.
Splendid coats for high school girls and business
women Regular prices $3.50, $3.50, $500
$4,000 and $500. Choice tomorrow at . HALF
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21
Infants Toques

All grades, al STYLE all fabrics, all weights all at
our usual fair prices.
Feeced Union Suits excellent quality
a afh n length len at OF elbow sleeves $00
and tights in grade, En-.
$50. . - .
Cotton Bishop neck elbow q mn
length; and IuUU
White Wool Mixed Union
elbow ankle length En
Carter's Australian Wool Silk Union Suits
long sleeves, ankle length. "a or
A, 4e4sJJ
Munsing Union Suits long sleeves
s sRss. 's special sizes ? and = sssar, 75c
Women's Wool Mixed White Pants 800 quality 7Eo
W
Merode Underwear Less
closing separate garments
wool cotton and silk and WOOL small sizes only greatly
reduced prices
Munsine Union Suits Children boys and grls 7Ec
regular sizes, 1oc; sizes w
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21
Mr.. Rupp Hasn't Got the Idea

The trouble with W. A. Rupp, republican state
chairman of Washington and other advocates of
Amalgamation of the progressive and republican
parties that they do not understand the basic diff
4erences in principles between the two.
To the republicans the change in rules of repre-
sentation at the national convention is end in it
self
To the progressives, it is merely means to an
end-a means to the effort to bring about greater
social and Industrial justice.
It is idle for Rupp to cite Washington as an ex-
ample OF republican prOgressiveness He knows
that progressive legislation in this state obtain
ed in spite of the hide-bound republicans, not by
their aid
The eight hour law for women was fought for
Senator Campbell, now progressive, intro
duced it. Ed Sims, DR.. Beach and the other
other good republicans who have remained loyal
to the g. O. r.. fought it. The initiative and ref
nor Teats, Hugh Todd Senator Landon-and
none of them are republicans today.
The republicans Of today are those who fought
against these measures.
The Workmen's compensation act was father
ed by Congressman Falconer and Govnor Teats
both Of them progressives not republicans.
It was Speaker Taylor and other faithful republ-
cans who defeated the first aid provision in that law
1t was the strict republican party vote which de-
feated the first aid in the last session
No, Mr.. Rupp you have not grasped the big
idea the real difference between the two par
ties.
WA0A ulo 1oPuu!cdiis dlo ioduy W auopt JIG
progressive principles, the progressives will well
come them into the party
It's time to start saving up for your Thanksgiving
turk They're going up.
News item from Big Falls, Mimi: IA wave of ex-
element swept over the town yesterday when one
Of the laying pipes suddenly fell into the
ditch" Now, wouldn't that raise the hair off your
head?
II
Brooklyn, n. Y, student ends his life to learn
whether his soul is immortal The message ought to
be along any time now.
Kansas City wife, who married man she trained
from boyhood, advises women to raise their hus-
bands if they want model ones. Just like garden
truck chs
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21
FOLLOWING ORDERS.

The teacher Of a large class
sent one of her scholars to buy a
pound of plums from a fruit
vender outside. and as she hand
ed the little boy a nickel said:
BE sure. Willie, before buying
the plums to pinch one or two
Just to see that they are ripe"
In a little while the boy re-
turned with flushed face and a
triumphant look in his eyes.
Handing the teacher xhe bag of
plums, he placed the nickel on the
desk and exclaimed:
81 pinched one or two, as you
told me. and when the man
wasn't looking I pinched a bag
full"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21

An alteration arose between 4
farmer and "a so-called expert IN
agriculture. 3sSir," said the ex-
pert, do you realize that I have
been at two universities, one in
this country and one In Ger
many?" "What of that7"a de-
manded the farmer, with a faint
smile. "I had calf nursed by
two cows, and the more he was
nursed the greater calf he grew. /"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21

What are you digging for?"
asked the bystander.
The workman looked up.
Money" he replied.
Money! calculated the amaz-
ed wayfarer. And when do you
expect to strike tit"
Saturday" replied the work.
man, and resumed digging.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21

Kansas City wife, who married man she trained
from boyhood, advises women to raise their hus-
bands if they want model ones. just like garden
truck chs
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1913-11-21

Brooklyn, N. Y. student ends his life to learn
whether his soul is immortal The message ought to
be along any time
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
new DOLLAR DAY Hotel
IS FILLED With GUESTS
Mathis House on Lamar Street
a Popular Place

The New Mathis hotel on Lamar
street, one block from the Artesian
well, is now completed and ready to
care for the many guests who go
there. Realizing the need for high
class dollar per day house, Mr.. Ben
Mathis secured this centrallys located
property and has made of it an ideal
place. The house contains forty
rooms, all newly furnished, neat and
clean, while the tables are supplied
with the best to be had. Mr.. Mathis
venture is meeting with success be-
yond his expectation, and the Mathis
house will become one of the most
popular family and transient hotels ii
southwest Georgia.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
Ordinary, Sumter County, Ga
GEORGIA. Sumter County.

GEORGIA, Sumter County.
Pursuant to an order of the Court
of Ordinary, said county, heretofore
regularly granted, will be sold before
the courthouse door in the city of
Americas between the legal hours of
sale on the first Tuesday in September,
1913, to the highest and best bidder for
cash 200 acres of land, more or less,
known as the home place of John A.
Stribling, deceased, in the Catula dis
trict Of Harris county, Georgia, and
being portions of lot No. 207 and 205.
Said land will be sold by me as adj
ministrator on the state of Mrs. Leila
NJ. Howard deceased, for the purpose
Of paying debts and distribution among
the heirs Of said Mrs. Leila M. How
ard. j.. w. HOWARD,
Administrator, Est. Leila M. Howard.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
LEGISLATIVE CIRCULAR
fine Piece OF WORK
1t is Aimed at the Medical
Practice Bill

Atlanta. Aug. 6.-When members
go to their desks at o'clock this
morning, they found the circular be.
low on it.
1t is aimed, of course, at the medical
practice bill, and as fine piece of sar-
casm, is a gem in its way. 1t is CIV
en- here not as an argument or to pre-
judice one way or the other the medi-
cal practice measure, but simply as
one of the interesting contributions
to this session. The author is a gen.
ius in his way.
Can Lawyers Be Reformed!
House bill No. 1885, introduced by
Mr. Grasper, of Monopolo county, seeks
to amend section 1895 of the civil code
by creating board of eight legal ex-
aminers, five of whom shall be corpo-
ration lawyers, two criminal lawyers
and one advisory counsel.
The object of the bill Ga most COM
mendable one!) is to raise the standard
of the legal practice in the state, and
to kick out the legal quacks, deadbeat
lawyers and ambulance chasers with
which our state is infected.
Everybody knows that there are
scores of fellows practicing law IN
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
FALL OF Two FEET
BREAKS NECK OF man

Atlanta, August GA fall of less
than two feet broke the neck of j. l..
Adair, of Dallas, Ca, here yesterday,
when he stepped off a street car on
Marietta street
He lies unconscious at the hospital,
and physicians, who are at loss to
understand how the fall could have
broken his neck as it did, have little
hope that he will ever regain con-
seriousness.
Not more than week ago man
fell three stories from a building IN
process of construction, and picked
himself up only slightly bruised.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
ALABAMA PASTOR GETS
$4,000 ESTATE FOR KINDNESS

Selma, Ala, Aug. 6.-Mrs. Amanda
Martin, widow of Henry Martin, OF
Summerfield, near here, died yester-
day afternoon, aged so years. She
was i'll long time.
She leaves all of her property, con-
sisting of fine black belt plantation
together with stock, farming impls-
ments, etc, to Rev. G. A. Cornell pre-
siding elder Of the Prattville district
Methodist church, South.
DR.. Cornell, her former pastor, was
very kind and attentive to the aged
lady and the will brings him into
possession Of place worth proba-
bly, $4,000, or more.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
LIES STRUGGLE
WITH ILLNESS
Mrs. Stewart Tells How She
Suffered from 16to45 years
old-How Finally Cured.

Euphemia, Ohio. -" Because of total
ignorance of how to care for myself
when verging into womanhood, and from
taking cold when going to school, suf-
fered from displacement, and each
month | had severe pains and nausea
which always meant lay-off from work
for two to four days from the time |
was is years old.
''Iwent to Kansas to live with my sis
ter and while there doctor told me of
the Pinkham remedies but did not use
them then as my faith in patent medi-
cines was limited. After my sister died
/ came home to Ohio to live and that.
has been my home for the last Is years.
''The Change of Life came when was
AZ years old and about this time / saw
my physical condition plainly described
in one of your advertisements. Then l
began using Lydia E. Pinkham's Veg
etable Compound and l cannot tell you
or any one the relief it gave me in the
first three months. 1t put me right
where need not lay off every month
and during the last Is years | have not
paid out two dollars to doctor, and have
been blest with excellent health for awo-
woman of my age and can thank Lydia
E. Pinkham sVegetable Compound forit.
"Since the Change of Life is over
have been a maternity nurse and being
wholly seff-supporting / cannot over
estimate the value of good health.
have now earned comfortable little
home just by sewing and nursing since
was So years old. Ihave recommended
the Compound to many with good re-
suits, as it is excellent to take before
and after childbirth. Miss EVELYN
ADELIA STEWART, Euphemia, Ohio.
If you want special advice write to
Lydia e. Pinkham Medicine Co. Conf
dentiaD Lynn, Mass. Your letter will
be opened, read and answered by a
woman and held in strict confidence.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
HEAVY Leg CRUSHES
THREE men TO DEATH
We're Sitting on Log Which
Worked Loose

Arlington, Aug. 6.-Three men lost
their lives yesterday morning when a
large log upon which they were sitting
on logging train worked loose and
rolled to the ground.
The three men George Bessin-
ger, Dan Bennett and Charlie Dunstau,
were fearfully crushed. Bessinger and
Bennett was killed instantly when the
accident happened but Dunstan lived
to be brought here to his home, and
died there of internal injuries. He
showed little signs of being badly
crushed until he reached home.
Bessinger was a young man, about
% years of age, fiagman of the train
and had worked here but few months
for the Arlington Lumber company,
whose train he was on at the time Of
his death. He was unmarried, but is
survived by his father and mother At
Olar, S. c., where his body will be sent
for interment.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07
SEVERE PUNISHMENT
OF Mrs. Chappell, Of Five Years
Standing, Relieved by cardui.

n. .;,v NJ C.-Mrs. Sarah N. Chap
MI. Az !h;s town. says: 81 suffered tor
Pe ,a VI Gears Irs' with wonlanly troubles, also
i've C troubles, and my punishment
s s'.oe more than any one could tell.
~ ,ried most every kind OF medicine,
HIT none did me any good.
load one day about Cardui, the wo,,
,dr Ieo tonic, and ! decided to try it. |
.n LA not taken but about six bottles until
II iid ua so' almost cured. 1t did me more
1o wa than ana ali the other medicines had
Rried, put together. :,
I NV friends began asking me why !
! oo IVY 90 well, and | told them about
4 S ;sTdni. : Several are now taking it,"
4 DO YOU, lady reader, suffer from any
M Ibs ;aiments due to womanly trouble,
Ian ms .. c. headache, backache, sideache,
sis lr e and that everlastingly tired
&eeling2 e..
4 Nso LET us urge you to give Cardui a
+rial We feel confident it will help you,
|sl,st as it has million other women In
Lie past half century.
4 Reoiu taking Cardui to-day. You
WONT regret it. All druggists.
w,;, n. Chattanooga Medicine Co., Ladies'
4 dyisory Dept, Chattanooga. Tenn for SsSeeiAl
5,stynrtiony on your case ana o4-pdgs DOOM; nune
a emf for Women, in plain wrapper. Nc ia
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07

Georgia who ought to be blowing a
bellows in some blacksmith's shop, AMI
the passage of this bill would remedy
this notorious evil.
The only objection raised to the bill
is that it creates a monopoly by Civ.
ing one school a large majority on
the board. But this objection is puerila
and is very unfair to the high-minded
gentlemen who are in charge of the
bill. We all know that corporation
lawyers are made of finer clay than
ordinary mortals and hence that we
may safely trust our liberties and our
well-being in their hands.
And it is also we'll known that nine
tenths of the brains and ability, the
skill and wisdom of the legal profess
sion in Georgia are found among the
corporation lawyers. And when these
learned gentlemen so generously al
low other schools than their own to
have three members on the board, We
must admit that they are making a
great big-hearted and patriotic conces-
sion.
We hope there will not be one dis
senting vote on the bill
Moral: What is fair in Medicine is
fair in Law.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1913-08-07

Your Store.
Would you consider that this newspaper was well
managed if it issued according to the mood of its publish
ers instead of at regular stated and nvarabe intervals?
Would you think it good newspaper if it printed
at welve-page issue at time and onepage handbill
nat aother time?
Would you feel that it was serving its constituency
affectualy if and them it suspended issue entirely
to resume some time when the publisher felt inclined :!
Your store serves your patrons with store news
through it's advertising. They assume that there is
always store news worth teing-store news that is;
important to them.
Is it not poor policy tor a store, it would be for
newspaper to its patrons in spasnodic undepend-
able way? If your is important to the people of
he city, your advertising important to them all the
me-not merely now and then.
The size of YOUR advertising should not vary any
more than the size of newspaper vares and the
ance of your advertisement should be as frequent and
regular as the appearance Of this, newspaper.
The people of Americas read THE TIMES
RECORDER; II YOU have any STORE NEWS, and
wish 10 tell them OF it, place an advertisement fin
these columns.