davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1913-11-18

has been of distinct economic advantage.
for they have been able to get and hold
positions and to increase their earnings
through the use of the technical books
and periodicals procured at the library
In 1904 the work of the children's de-
partment was confined to one small room,
and touched the comparatively few chill
dren who lived in the neighborhood Of
Mount Vernon Square. Now the main
children's room is one of the largest
rooms in the building. 1t is crowded
every afternoon and evening with chill
dren, many of whom come long distances
to look up material on their lessons as
well as to get books for entertainment,
and by parents and teachers who come
for expert aid and guidance. Almost
one-third of the library's home circula-
ton of books is composed Of juvenile
literature. All the work in the schools
has been built up since 1904. From a
stock of 5000 volumes more than 10000
volumes were circulated into homes from
eighty-two public school buildings. Semi
weekly deliveries of requested books were
made to the seven high schools. In 1904
the lecture halls and study rooms of the
library were practically unused. Last
year twenty-three organizations held six
ty-eight public meetings with lectures in
the assembly room, with an attendance
of 7,15S auditors. and eighteen small or
ganizations held 40 meetings in the study
rooms. Such meetings are all held for
study PURPOSES. The Takoma Park
branch library has been erected and
duplicates in miniature the work of the
main library. In furtherance of the study
and extension work of the library it
publishes monthly four-page bulletin
listing new books added. It issues a
monthly educational bulletin to bring Ii
brary resources to the attention of teach
ers; it issues a monthly social service bull
letin in the interest of social workers.; it
publishes from time to time in pamphlet
form reference lists of books needed in
connection with lecture courses; it pre-
pares numerous brief multigraph lists on
diverse subjects for groups Of readers and
thousands of reference lists for individual
students. The library has collected about
1000 mounted pictures, which in this age
of visual instruction have large use, as
is attested by the fact that 72.450 pictures
were borrowed for school or home
use last year. The foregoing is but an
incomplete summary of some of the Ii
brary's activities, the trend of which is
in the direction of making it in fact a
true university of the people,
Should so important and valuable a
branch of the local educational system
be starved and stunted? The Public Lii
brary is active. efficient, useful: worthy of
public consideration and support; worthy
not only of protection against Gripping
but of liberal development.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
GO OVER AUTO SHOW PLANS.
Directors Of the Washington Deal
ers' Association Meet.

At meeting Of the board of di-
fectors OF the Washington Automobile
Dealers Association held last night at
1907 III street northwest plans for the
coming automobile show to be held
In Convention Hall in January, were
discussed. President L. Oliver Prodigy
called the meeting to order. with r
Bruce Emerson as secretary.
Howard G. Kneesi was elected a
member of the association.
IT was announced that more than
half of the space in the show had been
contracted for. Arrangements will be
made for entertaining the automobile
trade of Washington next Monday
night at one of the local hotels. Secre-
tary Emerson was delegated to take
charge of this feature.
fnose present last evening were J.
~ johnson. jr., r. Bruce Emerson. T.
Oliver Probey. William R. Emerson.
William Ullman, +. c. Sibbald, Irving
J: Henderson. Arthur Foraker and
Howard s. Fisk.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
WALTER CRYER FACES TRIAL.
Held by Police Court for Using
Auto Without Owners Consent. :.

Walter Cryer of 24Oo H street north
west was held for the grand jury in $3vJ
bonds today in the Police Court on a
charge of taking an automobile without
the consent of the owner.
It is charged that Cryer. who was ar
rested by Policeman Adams of the first
precinct, was in charge of a garage, and
that he ordered an employe Of the garage
to take him to Southeast Washington
early Sunday morning in the automobile
of Tyler & Rutherford. 73O 18th street
northwest. On the return trip. it is stated
the automobile ran into a hack driven by
David Glascoe colored, on Pennsylvania
avenue between 10Th and 18th streets
northwest. The horse was so badly in
jured that it died. and Glascoe is con-
fined to his home from injuries.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
SURRENDERS HIS OFFICE
w. c. Brown, Head of New
York Central Railway, to
Retire January /.

NEW YORK, November 1S.-William
c. Brown, who arose from section hand
| to the presidency of the New York Cen
trail railway lines. resigned today The
directorates of the four railroad COM
panies comprising the New York Central
system accepted his resignation 1t will
become effective New Year day A H.
Smith. senior vice president of the lines.
it is reported, will succeed him.
His letter Of resignation was addressed
to the directors of the four companies
which comprise the system, viz: The
New York Central and Hudson River
Railroad Company, the Lake Shore and
Michigan Southern Railway Company,
the Michigan Central Railway Company
and the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago
and st. Louis Railway Company.
His Reasons for Resigning.
The letter in part, is as follows:
Il have been In railroad service con-
tinuously for more than forty-four years
twelve years of this service with the
New York Central lines five years in
charge Of the operation and maintenance
of the property. two years as senior vice
president ana five years as president
and feel that | have earned that freedom
from care, hard work and responsibility
which can only be secured by retiring
from active service.
In addition to my desire to be re-
1ieved of the burden and responsibility of
my position. l am admonished by my
failing hearing that l cannot, without
serious embarrassment, continue to per-
form the duties of the position either In
the boardroom or in frequent important
conferences in which I must necessarily
participate.
For these reasons 1 beg to very re-
spectfully tender my resignation as presi-
dent effective January 1, 1914''
Evening star., 1913-11-18

versed the decision OF that division. de-
claring that as long as the money hac
been appropriated. the payment rested
with the commander of the brigade of the
District OF Columbia or the governors or
the several states.
Evening star., 1913-11-18

per capita expenditure on its library has
decreased from 20 cents in 1910 to 1s
cents in 1928. If the trustees tota
estimates for 1915 Cs97. 800 could be ap'
would be % cents. If in addition $4,000
(fine money. etc. were available, the
total of $1G2, $40 would provide a pei
capita of but % cents-that is the aver
age for all American cities of the first
class In 1912 OF the twenty-six cities
capita expenditure on libraries than y
cents, eleven have less and one has the
same.
Percentage of Library Outlay.
(3) The census of 1910 in its bulletin
entitled Financial Statistics of Cities
Having a Population of over 10000 ir
1910" compares the municipal expendi-
lures of the 1S4 American cities having
over 10000 population in detail. The ex-
penditures for education fall under two
heads. "a schools, t2) libraries, art gal
leries and museums. The expenditures
under the second head are entirely for
libraries in the smaller cities and almost
entirely for libraries in all the cities,
only a few having art galleries or mu-
seums.
These cities are divided into four
groups, "a over 100000 in population, 2)
$4,000 and 100000, "a between 10000 and
10000
There is remarkable uniformity In
all four groups of the percentage of
total expenditure outside of public serv-
ice enterprises under the second edu-
cational or library head. The percent
age is 1.6 per cent in the first three
groups and is per cent in the fourth
group. with a total average for the
whole 1874 cities of 1.6 per cent.
nrI4 ,t.,-4 G
3 per cent or just one-half of the aver
age library expenditure of all American
cities and one-half of the average ex-
penditure of each of the four groups into
which these cities are divided.
Out of the eighteen largest cities OF
the United States constituting group one,
of which Washington is given as six
teenth, not single other city spent in
1910 SO small a percentage of its maine
tenance outlay for it's public library as
did Washington. Buffalo and Los Ange-
les spent % per cent each. Mime
apolis "a per cent, Cleveland "a per
cent and the average of the group was.
as has been noted, 1.6 per cent, or eX-
actly double Washington's percentage.
1t would thus appear that had Wash
ington been able to spend on its Public
Library in 1910 the average of the muni-
cipalities of it's group, it could have eX-
pended $1331G6 instead of $66,5So, its
actual expenditure for that year.
OF the cities in group two population
100000 to 100000 two. Rochester. N. y,
and Richmond. Va, were still with
out public libraries in 1910. Only one
of the remaining cities in the group
spent as little as 8 per cent of its total
maintenance outlay on libraries. and
comparisons in detail with the cities In
the other two groups bring the same re-
suits. Washington's percentage of Ii
brary expenditure is far exceeded not
only by such cities as Buffalo, Mime
apolis, Cleveland and Detroit, but by
Kalamazoo, Terre Haute, West Hoboken
and Oshkosh.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Meager Library Expenditure.

Cd A statistical table prepared by the
librarian and printed in his report to
the trustees, herewith submitted, shows
that of twenty six American cities near
est to Washington in population, twenty
one have d312 larger library appropri
ations than Washington: and only five
have less. Among the cities smaller
than Washington that have larger Ii
brary appropriations are Los Angeles
Minneapolis, Kansas City. Seattle, Louis
vile. st. Paul and Portland The library
appropriations for Los Angeles, Minne-
apolis and Seattle were each more than
twice as much as that of Washington.
CO The same statistical table also
shows that out of twenty-sx cities above
100000 in popula ton In 1910 other than
Washington, twenty have 09129 higher
per capita expenditures for public libra
ries than has Washington; and that the
average per capita library expenditure
In these cities is 20 cents as against ~
cents for Washington. Instead of in
creasing toward the average expendi
ture OF these other cities Washington's
Evening star., 1913-11-18

Floyd Mann. fourteen years old and his
brother Russell, twelve years old, sons
OF Charles Mann of Hagerstown Md
have been missing from their home sew
eral days
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Overworked and Underpaid.

As result of this extraordinary in
crease in the library's work and of the
failure to increase correspondingly the
number and compensation of those who
are to do this work the force today is
overworked as well as underpaid. AS a
consequent Of these conditions of over
work and underpay the library force has
suffered a constant shifting in personnel
losing by designations SO per cent of it's
entire force in the fiscal year 1907, %
per cent In 1908. q per cent in 1909. 26
per cent in 1910. 33 1-3 per cent in 1911
~ per cent in 1912 and 25 per cent in
1918.
In the nine years from 1904 the first
full year the present central building was
occupied. the congressional appropria-
uons for the library have increased Il
per cent and the total library expendi-
lures 50 per cent. But in the correspond
ing period the book stock has increased
in volumes 14o per cent, and the home
circulation has increased in volumes 147
nine years from "a. 473 volumes to 156. 263
volumes, and In volumes circulated the
measure of the Iibrarys activity and use
fulness. from 21S.17S volumes to 6s6,27s
volumes. The work done has Increased
twice as fast as the means provided for
doing IL. and in very recent years there
has been almost no increase of mainte-
nance and development provision at all.
DuflnS tHOSe nine years IneTe mas Deen
not only this wonderful increase in the
quantity of library work. but as notable
an Improvement in its quality. The fic-
ton percentage of the books circulated
has been decreased. for example. from
81 per cent to 5S per cent. This vast in
crease In general circulation and this
heavy decrease in percentage of fiction
circulated suggest in combination the
scope of the Nbrary's helpful activities,
the wide sweep OF its school work. OF its
industrial har hra rlph hes
of practical instruction and mental broad
ening and uplift
Under any test that can be applied
Washington's library maintenance is in
adequate compared with that of other Ii
braries of its class. The comparison is
unfavorable to Washington: Cd In the
aggregate amount of library appropria-
ton: CO in per capita library expendi-
lures. and C3) in percentage of total mu-
nicipai expenditure applied to library pur-
poses.
Evening star., 1913-11-18

Makes Flesh and Strength.
Father Johns Medicine--a food tonic
Advertisement
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Low in Library Expenditure.

There is no other item of municipal ex-
penditure in this comparison which makes
SO discreditable a showing for Washing
ton. The Washington percentage of ex-
penditure as compared with the average
Of all of the 1S4 American cities is, for
instance. a little more for the police de-
partment and a little less for the fire de-
partment, exactly the same for santa
ton, more for highways, much more for
charities, hospitals and corrections and
less for schools. But in none of these
cases is the difference extraordinarily
great. 1t is only in respect to library
maintenance that Washington enjoys the
discreditable distinction OF assigning 10
this important educational function only
half the average percentage OF total
municipal expenditures that is assigned
by all other American cities and less than
half the average percentage OF the group
Of cities between 30,OOo and $4,000 in
population. including Oshkosh and Kala-
mazoo. 1t Is only I'm respect to library
maintenance that Washington's percent
age is exceeded by that of 172 out of 1S4
American cities. and the percentage OF
library expenditure in some Of the ten
American cities which fall below it is SO
very small as to indicate that they have
no libraries at all.
The suggestions of these figures is that
the Washington library expenditures
could be doubled and then not exceed the
average percentage Of library expendi-
lures in all American cities.
In the fiscal year 1910 the total Dis
trict expenditures according to the CEN
sus reporD were $11 .J99, 333; of this sum
the expenses for maintenance were $S,-
176 134. The amount of District money
available for appropriation and for the
Commissioners estimates for 1915 is be-
tween fourteen and quarter and four
teen and half millions. 1t is not known
what division between maintenance and
permanent improvement appropriations
the Commissioners have proposed in their
estimates. If the full amount is appro-
priated and it is distributed between
maintenance expenses and permanent i'm
provement in the same ratio as in 1910,
there would be for maintenance consider
ably. over 100000 Should the library
appropriations be made to measure up to
the average library expenditures of
American cities, that is. should they be
made 1.6 per cent Of the total. there
would be made available for the library S
work in 1915 over 100000.
The trustees estimates OF about $3S,OOO
as needed for 1915 would be at the most
.9S per cent of the total expenditure as
against an average of 1.6 per cent in all
other American cities.
If the trustees estimates for 1915 were
approved and appropriated in full, Wash
ington's library expenditure would fall
far short of being as large percentage
of the total municipal expenditure as
that Of the average American city.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Economical and Efficient.

The Public Library has been conducted
both economically and efficiently. It's
scanty resources have not been permit
ted to paralyze or cripple its useful activi-
ties. 1t has done we'll for the COM
munity with the limited means intrusted
to it, and deserves in the public interest
the enlargement of its powers to serve
Washington.
Economy of library administration is
shown in the statistical table already
cited by comparison of the cost per
volume of circulation, which in Washing
ton is 10 cents per volume a cost ex-
ceeded in all but live Of the twenty-six
cities of Washingtons class. The average
cost of home circulation in those cities Is
Is cents. The cost per volume circulated
has decreased in Washington from IL
cents per volume in 1910 to 10 cents per
volume in 1912-13.
The library has not been parsimonious-
ly managed at the expense and to the
detriment of the progressive, helpful
character of the library's work. The
Washington library, under it's highly effi-
cient librarian. is recognized as among
the leading progressive libraries in Amer
lea. 1t Is declared by Librarian Putnam
of the Congressional Library. with expert
knowledge Of the facts, to be 1.-The most
intelligenty active for its size and con-
stituency in the whole country
Evening star., 1913-11-18

Th' feller who knows his busi
ness is allus reticent.
Never go on a note or advise (
friend t git married.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
Growth of Library's Usefulness.

The wonderfully increasing service rem
dered by the library to the people of
Washington during the nine years since
the new building has been occupied Is
universally recognized. In 1904 the points
of contact of the library with the people
were two-the central library and one
social settlement. In 1913 161 points for
the distribution of books to the people
were utilized. In 1904 the home circula-
ton OF books numbered 27S.17S volumes.
or little less than one volume per capita
t2IS.IlS population in 1900. In 1913 the
home circulation was 6S6.27S volumes, or
"A little more than two volumes per cap
ita (331 .O69 population in 1910. In 1904
fiction formed "a per cent of the library
circulation. In 1913 that percentage had
been reduced to 5S per cent, and the tic-
ton circulated in each year was of a bet
ter quality. This means that the educa
tional and study work of the library is
being progressively developed. The ref
erence use of the library was In 1904
comparatively small. 1t has now been so
far developed that the main reading
room, accommodating 100 readers. Is al
most constantly filled with earnest stu
dents, whose diverse wants tax the re-
sources of the library and the reference
librarians During the last five years
large scientific and industrial arts de-
partment has also been conducted, to
the great advantage of eager throngs OF
mechanics, engineers and students of
com ercial subjects. To them the library
Evening star., 1913-11-18

have YOUR HAND READ BY MR.. DAOUD.
the we'll known scientific pamist. Readings,
one dollar. Phone North 113O. Studio. 1623
q u. NV. Hours. IL am. to pm.
Evening star., 1913-11-18
SPECIAL NOTICES.

THIS IS TO NOTIFY ALL BUSINESS MEN
and others that I, f. Winkicr. will not be re-
sponsihle for debt contracted by any one
other than myself L. NINkLER.
Imperial Valley press., 1913-08-09
nEGlNNING TO RETURN.

u Already there is evidence that
residents of the valley who have been
away for vacations are beginning to re :
turn, and that the great hike hither-
ward over the mountains is going -
come exceptionally early this year.
The word is being passed out that y
Is an open question where the people
are going to live this year, owing TO
the great demand for houses, and car =
ful citizens are taking early steps 10
make sure of houses.
The train into the valley this morn
ing was we'll loaded. and the incoming
crowd is getting larger daily, making
certain that the great boom season is
about at hand.
The urgent appeals for Steps to te
taken to provide the needed houses Is
having some effect, ii is believed. and
there is some reason to expect that ad-
dtional capital from Los Angeles and
san Diego will become interested in the
proposition of building houses in Ell
Centre. though this cannot now be done
IL time to meet The first great demand.
which will come within a month.
Imperial Valley press., 1913-08-09
PUERTA'S DEFIANCE is
INCREASING HIS PRESTIGE

MEXICO CITY, Aug. 9.-President
liuertas prestige among Mexicans IN
The capital undoubtedly has been
strengthened by what is regarded as
his defiance Of the United States.
Even those who have been luke
warm in their support Of the admins
tration profess admiration for the sol
dierpresident who dared to talk back
10 Washington. although not all #
them agree as to the wisdom Of his
course and many Of them consider that
he acted preciptatcly in view of The
officially defined intentions Of Wash-
inSton.
Just what course President Huerta
will take in the event that John Lind
President Wilson'S personal represen-
t5tive. continues his trip to Mexico
City, is a matter Of speculation. 1t IS
assumed that Lind might enter the re-
public at Vera Cruz, and come TO the
capital without molestation since the
question Of his credentials could not be
expected TO be answered until his ar
rival here, but whether he shall be ex-
PEELED or merely ignored remains un-
determined
Mexicans generally Of the conserva-
tive class appear TO believe that Huerta
will not drive Envoy Lind from thc
country. but will ne content with is-
norlng him. except, perhaps, for sub
jecting him to surveillance in order TO
see that he does nothing that possibly
could be construed as mixing in the
politics Of the country.
Unless radical change is effected
IN the sentiment at the palace. Envoy
Lind will not be given an opportunity
to talk with President Huerta. oven
though he is permitted TO remain in
the capital. nor will be be anv more
successful in meeting any official of
the government.
Imperial Valley press., 1913-08-09
smaller or country banks at reasonable

smaller or country banks at reasonable
rates of interest. The treasury de-
pertinent is powerless to name the rate
of interest, but the condition of rea-
sonableness will be imposed
assistant Secretary Williams nd-
Gated to the bankers that the govern
ment would place a very broad con
siruction on commercial paper to be
accepted as security for the deposits
L! will include not only regular Gus
toners loans, but paper based on all
siaile commercial and agricultural OPP
eratiOns
George NJ Reynolds Of Chicago anC
other bankers from the large cities in
formed the treausry officials that while
there was no pressing need for lh,
government deposits. the banks wouIr
be glad to get the money. Reynold.
said there had been decided improve
mcnt in the financial situation durin-
the last three weeks.
Imperial Valley press., 1913-08-09
HUNDRED MILLION DOLLARS
TO AID IN MOVING CROPS

WASHINGTON, Aug. AT a con-
ference between treasury officials and
bankers of the central west regarding
The distribution of government deposits
to assist in moving the crops, Assistant
secretary John Skelton Williams de =
clared the treasury was ready TO de
post Si00,000,000 if necessary. The
original plan called for $50 900, ,0O1.
The exact amount of the government
deposits will be determined after the
views Of the bankers have been an
aIyzed
Bankers of Chicago and indianapolis
Is was said declared they We're not pre- =
pared to say whether the deposits
would be needed by them. but that they
would he glad to receive a portion of
The funds, Generally the government :
proposition to put out the money was
welcomed.
Denver, Colo, required $50. 200. 900.
Mr.. Williams informed the bankers
that on deposits to be secured by state
and other bonds exclusive of govern
ment bonds and by commercial paper.
The treasury department probably
would insist upon an additional scrur-
Imperial Valley press., 1913-08-09
Corn Crop Benefited,

CHICAGO, Aug 9.-Chicago ant
vicinity tonight We're visited by ter
rifle lightning ana thunder storm. ar-
companied by high winds and hcavy
rainwall Easements We're flooded
electrical apparatus deran-cd ana mall
signs blown down
From meager reports received her,
1t IL believed the storm was pretty
general throughout the corn belt ana il
lhi> bc the case there l. no doubt hut
iha. the corn crop will be greatly ben
Gifted