davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17

II is quite likely that the British gov
crnment has combined llertzian waves
or ether waves with some form Of sound
waves. thus making the controlling I'M
pulses complex. and. because OF their
dual character. not likely 20 be efectualIv
mt,rfcrcd with by any single source OF
conflicting vibrations. This leads US up
to a third source of long distance con-
trol-a medium which was originally
adapted 10 another service. We refer to
the wireless telephone Of Professor Ernst
Ruhmer. OF Berlin.
Professor RGhmor worked out fairly
successful means Of wireless telephony
for night service. and used as his con-
Meeting medium the beam OF search
light He managed 10 transmit and to
receive telephone messages over dis
tapge Of ten miles
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
Successful Experiments in Europe in the Man.
aging of Submarines and Other Craft by
all Operator on Shore Forecast Even
MoreRemarkable Developments
Sound Waves as Man
ayers Of Machines.

ventors, and four wears ago NJ. Gabet
brought out his wireless dirigible torpedo,
which was a distinct advance upon the
work of his predecessors. This novel
weapon proved to be responsive TO the d.
receive impulses of the Hertzian waves
transmitted from the controlling station,
and while the particular experimental
torpedo or submarine did not in itself
constitute a weapon equal to military 60
durements in the fullest sense of tire
term, still il did constitute an evidence
of substantial progress and suggestive
promise of something to come NJ. Gaoet
planned that a perfected dirigible shoild
be able to make speed of twenty knots
and carry the appalling explosive mass
of ton of guncotton. a speed of twenty
knots falls far below the rate OF travel
of the modern automobile torpedo. with
its explosive charge OF from g0 TO 'o
pounds OF guncottOn. but the automobile
torpedo is not dirigible after II has LETT
the firing tube, and it may and it may
not hit the target on the other hand the
dirigible torpedo can be made quite as
speedy-that is an engineering problem.
and when so improved II will be capable
of following a moving objective and OF
reaching its mark with certainty.
Whether or not the French nave
brought their wireless controlled to'-
pedoes TO this state is not a matter oil
public knowledge, but the acuviues ID
Germany i'm this same field give us
hint of what that nation has reason TO
believe France has at her disposition.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17

his selenlum cell that 1t is affected by
beam Of artificial light in the daytime In
other words the light which would ordl-
narilv be indlstinguishable TO the eye at
noon is yet capable Of influencing TINS
! eclentum cell You can see that once the
| receiver is responsive TO the distant in
eronce mr. wave. whether 1t be an ether
wave a sound wave or a wave oi hsh'
local relay can be called into service
and various mechanical operations set III
motion. Keeping IN mind what professor
| Rdhmer has done and what others nave
done toward combining dual systems TO
| prevent Interference. then you VIII De
able TO follow what has been accom-
plished here and what is further prom
/ ised by one OF our own investigators IN
this new science OF telautomatics.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
THAT FATHERlANO.

France and Great Britain are on very
friendly terms. but the Fatherland is an
eternal source OF irritation to her nelsh-
bors generally. and we may rightly say
10 England in particular The Kaiser :
feet, with long range, dirlgloie torPeuo'
would place the British squadrons-hot ~
eouipped-at disadvantage. we con
realize therefore why the Admiralty lost
no time in instituting experiments OF lis
own in this direction. The latest reports
have IL that the torpedo experts turhcu
one of the first of the submarines INTO
craft capable of wireless control. Inc
naval barbor of Portsmouth was the
scene Of the trials.
rho nurnose of the studies was TO de-
termjne the best method by when an
operator upon a fighting craft couio ~
rect a crewless MISUNDERSTANDING IT go
through all of the essential mlHtar! "
tactical maneuvres incidental to the az
tack of an enemy's ship or squadron Inc
trials are said to have been cro"heu
With success. and the controlling APP
paratus installed upon the cruiser Furious
enabled the wireless experts TO run the
old Holland boat both on the SURFACE anu
submerged with impressive satisfaction,
Although numerous officers volunteered
70 go in the submarine while she WAS
heine nut through these remarkable eVo-
buttons the Admiralty. by way OF pre-
caution. declined to allow anybody 10 80
aboard. The responsible officials nave
kept all the details carefully guarded anu
no authorized person knows just "ha'
was the controlling agency. 1t Is reason
ablv coniectured, however, that Hertzlah
waves were not the single medium ny
which control was effected.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
Tie ZaLmoR- RN01uX Io10s0o JWA5zs17He
c21/noIeI hy zuzreLscr Gso>oz %re>ocN C"2zSSr

hitting a moving target when the speed
of that object and its line OF advance or
retreat can be but approximately deter
mined. In addition to this the sweep Of
currents also adds 10 the handicaps. II
one ship in a squadron is missed the
torpedoist hopes his stray weapon may
strike another of the foes force, and 1t
is all matter of chance after the tor.
pedo has left its launching tube, even
though the genius of the mechanical en-
gineer has wrought marves in the way
OF perfecting this order of weapon.
Therefore you can realize the advantages
which dirigibility would bring in it's train.
A MUROEROUS WEAPON.
The submarine or giant torpedo OF Mr..
Hammond's design will be run by an en-
CINE which will drive the craft continu-
ously at speed Of forty knots so
long as its fuel supply lasts There will
be no Stacking of its gait, but II will 60
ploughing along toward its target at fun
TIT from the time IL starts from it's base
until II has reached its distant objective
and has planted its murderous burden OF
guncotton squarely against the unguaroed
or imperfectly shielded underbody OF the
foe. Just above the water will project the
guiding masts by which the controlling
Impulses are received and by which the
director can tell just how his weapon IS
moving. There will be no question or
chance because the torpedo or submarine
will change its course TO meet the exigen-
cies OF that OF the moving target Ad-
yancng at the rate Of twoscore knots
there will be but little chance for an
alert enemy to destroy by gunfre the
telltale uprights OF the weapon. At night
the guiding searchllght beam would
dazzle the eyes OF the foe while it would
clearly mark the path Of the torpedo and
aid the director in making certain Of his
control
II must be perfectly apparent that
weapon OF this sort can likewise he
launched and directed from d mobile base
and this adds immensely 10 its range OF
offensive rs well as defensive usefulness
Just imagine a ship capable OF carrying
from four to six torpedo-submarnes OF
, this character. boats forty 10 fifty feet
! long. capable OF maintaining for a good
many miles the highest initial speed OF
the present big automobile torpedoes. and
! picture II you can the havoc they could
do TO a foes battle craft!
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
USE OF HIGH.PlTCH WAVES.

BY employing sound wave OF ex-
tremely high audible pitch or OF a pitch
beyond tho appreciate range Of the
human ear. the vibrations of the con-
trolling beam will be OF peculiar char
acter and an enemy would find il we'll
nigh impossible 10 detect this key and to
produce effective waves of interference.
In conjunction with this Mr.. Hammonds
radio waves are likewise capable OF be-
ing given n distinctive characteristic. and
thus a secret dual medium of control IS
produced. because the receiving station
aboard his submarine will answer only
To these twofold oscillations ere the APP
paratus is in state to be functioned or
10 be halted in its operations.
Without delvlng into the technicalities
Of this remarkable apparatus. the general
working may be summed up I'm this man
ner: First one set OF waves Will be nee
essary in order TO unlock, as II were. the
functional system. and then another type
Of radiations or waves will be needed to
bring these desired movements into
action. Professor Runners experiments
near Berlin showed that he was able to
telephone n distance of ten miles. and II
is reasonable to suppose that his inn
proved apparatus will carry just as far.
II not farther. A range OF this extent
would meet all present military require
n:ents and be sufficient TO hold an enemy
far enough off shore to prevent his bonn
harding successfully any OF our sea-
ports.
Mr.. Hammond has given material evil
dence of what he can do In the way OF
directing u crewless boat by means OF
radio.impulses At Gloucester he has an
elght-ton houseboat which he has htted
up for this purpose. and this craft he has
run around the harbor and among the
shipping in all sorts OF weather by day
and by night.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
TIE GZvaae1 JUbnaarz'ze
ozrechea BY CoA1za W7UsC

another application But before We cam
go further with our description 0c must
know something about the \ g Of the
whole art OF telautomatios-in short,
learn how feeble impulses reach the re-
ceiving apparatus and transform ther
bidding into forceful service.
No matter what may be the character
of the initial waves. they simply BRING
message. like a child, TO an adult power
capable OF doing the required service
At the receiving station what IS called
a relay" is aroused. and this, on ITS
part. is strong emo Igl 10 open valve
10 swing a lever, or to operate an cleo
trical switch-thc movement OF either
being all that IS necessary to start TO
stop. or to reverse some form Of motive
mechanism. This, in substance. Is the
foundation of the science of telautomat-
les. And now you begin TO get glimmer
OF the really simple principles involved
With this explanation We can so back
TO Mr.. Gardner and his novel system.
As a child. and many times most likely
you have sung into piano and heard
the wires vibrate II you sang one sus-
tanned note then only the string OF the
same pitch responded, and II you sang
A melody. each affected wire answered
in its turn. In his apparatus Mr.. Gard
ner's receiver is delicate strip Of metal
lie tape which can be tuned TO any de-
sired pitch like the reed Of some organs.
In order to make this tape vibratc To
the requisite extent, Il definite tone Is
needful Otherwise. while the tape may
be Jared somewhat, the amplitude of It's
movement will not be sufficient to dis
turb the flow Of very weak electric
circuit of which 1t is a part. But when
the proper key is sounded AZ the con-
trolling station the waves produced UNI
der water arc Of the ,tngth which VIII
properlv agitate the receiving tape.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
HAmMoNU's INVESTIGATIONS.

Mr. John HAYS Hammond. ir, has been
husv I'm his laboratory at Gloucester, Mass.
for the last two years investigating radio
teIegraphic problems and particularly IN
advancing the science OF telautomatics
We have reason for good deal Of pride
in what this young American - doing
and in the suggestive progress that ne
has undoubtedly made. Again. we have
the military adaptation apparently fore
most because Mr. Hammond has been
striving TO create very formidable m
strument OF coast defence. In short he Is
busy evolving type OF semi-submerged
submarine or torpedo capable OF making
II Is said. forty miles an hour, and re-
sponsive in all OF its manpuvres 10 telau-
tomato directive impulses.
The details OF this military weapon are
purposely withheld because OF their ma
tonal Importance. but there are some
things that can be told, and they are ex-
cecdingly interesting in themselves. Mt
Hammond employs combination OF
Professor Runners light-beam trans
mission and Hertzian waves, and his
system is fully as effective in its exer-
else of control either by day or by night;
it has also the distinctive advantage Of
directive concentration. That is. the
guiding waves are not scattered over
wide arr, but are held within narrow
, limits more or less like, TO put IT popu-
larry, the compact stream from a hre
hose. This. even the untechnical VIII
recognize. minimizes the chance of an
enemy setting up effective interference
in a general way. and. as Mr.. Hammond
has proved. conflicting or opposing
beam Of light would he imperative be-
, cause of the peculiar individuality OF the
rays modified by the Ruhmer system.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17

EPORTS from Europe and some de-
IL rails of eXperiments here give US
l. v an inkling of wireless IN ne"
and startling applications. The lnVisipie
fingers Of these farreaching vibrations OF
waves are going TO do more than trans
nit intellgible messages for human in
tercourse; they are going 10 set in motion
and to control mechanical functions oil
apparatus a long way off from the guid-
ing station and the directive mind. TINS
may sound like scientific wizardry. but II
is the practical possibility of the near fut-
IRE. toward which wireless telegraphy, as
We understand it, is but step.
As the lay world grasps the SUBJECT
wireless biography is the TRANSMISSION
through space or the ether of impulses
of an electric origin which finally reach
apparatus sensitively responsive TO these
disturbances The latter instruments re-
produce the signals which started the
waves bl oadcast through the ar ana
when translated in accordance with an
arbitrary code the dots and dashes be-
come ineligible words We know the
value of wireless biography, and this
medium of communication has been bring
ing closer together the four corners of the
earth in spirit and in interest.
If you give the subject a little logical
consideration you will realize that by
thus spanning space there are probably
other things that wireless impulses can
90 besides carrying messages. The vibra-
ton which will excite the receiver of a
wireless telegraph installation can actual
ly be put to the service of starting and
stopping various mechanisms, which, IN
their turn, may control functions of great
mechanical energy.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
THE CURRENT BROKEN.

This breaks the continuous flow Of the
current at the receiver and upsets
balance. hand swings over and closes
the relay circuit, and at once this more
powerful source OF energy starts me-
chanical movement. The number Of the
successive impulses regulates the partic-
uar function which is to be performed.
and these are selected by means OF n
very cunning device.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
DEATH TO oREADNoUGHrs.

\ weapon OF these dimensions would
carry several times the explosive charge
now slowed within the warheads Of the
largest automobile torpedo and the dam
age il could infict quite beggsrs descrip-
ton. one attack successfully carried
home by a single torpedo Of
this type would certainly spell the doom
of the mghtiest dreadnought Yet built.
This gives YOU a better understanding
why the activity OF the Germans in this
direction has aroused the British Ad-
miralty 10 experiment as il has done.
But now comes a still newer applica-
ton Of telautomatics: one OF our leading
naval experts and inventors proposes 20
utilize n form OF wireless" for the guid-
ing Of water borne torpedoes from air
craft as a directive base. BY his plan the
torpedoes will be carried aloft until the
field of action is reached. when they Will
be lowered into the sea, and. from the
aerial position OF control. these instru-
ments OF destruction will be steered with
precision toward their targets. The ad-
vantage OF a place OF observation and
control of this nature is fully recognizes
by naval men. and especially is this so
when dealing with the submarines OF an
enemy, which can be seen below the sur
face from an aircraft WREN otherwise MD
den from the observer on shipboard near
the water.
But we must not imag sine that the ser
vices of telautomatics are being limlteu
to developing military instruments de-
signed TO make war more horrible. for
such is fortunately not the case. There
are helpful ways in which the science
can be employed in times OF peace
For Uses Of Peace.
Hereafter the mariner need have less
| dread when approaching "A dangerous
! coast, because two ltalians-MesSrs. be''
! lini and Tosi-have developed what mign'
! be called wireless" compass-an III
strument which can measure WITHIN on.
! degree, at distance of half hunure'
miles the direction of Hertzian "d'e'
| dispatched from shore station cross
bearings taken from a ship in the pa.'
| OF such wireless rays coming through .1s
fog from two lighthouses. would enao'e
captain to verify his actual posi'O"
with much accuracy. This appara''.
SHOWS us, TOO uoW tNiiti
this character can be guided-Some''''"'
wonderfully suggestive. 81,
Over In Europe clocks are run. the oe''s
on buoys sounded. and an engiheere
locomotive operated by wireless an"
these are but the beginning of "ha' i "
come. IL Is said that an Italian mas ~
vented a wireless method Of transm''"''
or. rather reproducing, drawings LOT '" ,,
itary purposes. Imagine what di "e .,',s
scout could do II this be true Anu :" sas
country Professor X. A. Fessehueh ~"
transmitted handwriting by heI'" ~.
waves. The prime thing is that the teeu's
aerial impulses shall select ana aivu rs
the proper receiver. which. IN It's nc.
carries the messages 10 the desisned I'm
tIonal mechanlsms of suitable power
we have seen. there are three FORM. ..,.
waves capable of doing mesSs"eN'
vice.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
AN uNcANNY PROCEEDING.

The craft was towed out we'll away
from the shore, and after every skeptic
vas convinced that no one remained
aboard the inventor put the boat through
a series of man9uvres in accordance with
the commands of the various officials.
His only means Of guidance was his wire
less outfit OH shore and the key by which
he made AMI broke the circuit OF the ex-
citing electric current. The crewless ves-
sci was started. stopped and backed at
will and was swung TO port or starboard
as desired, makir IN It's movements sharp
curves and a devious path as II was sen,
in and out among other boats. There was
something wellngh uncanny about the
whole exhiDition-the boat seemd en-
dowed with a mind of its own. which was
apparently responsive to the superior do
mnion of the inventor And yet, strange
as II all seemed, ii was only another ex-
preston OF science.
The Germans were probably spurred on
by their knowledge OF previous efforts
along a kindred line in France which, at
first fairly public. became more secret
as success rewarded the experimenters.
MN. Lalande and Devaux. quite six years
ago, worked upon crewless submarine
torpedo boat which they exhibited In the
Bay of Antilles. While that particular
experimental craft has not become a
recognized factor in the coast defence OF
France, still its inventors showed how
Hertzian waves could be utilized for the
distant control OF torpedo vessel of shat
character. The trouble was that Lalande
and Devaux were ahead of the practical
deyelopments OF telautomatics. and their
work naturally halted until some OF the
difficulties we're overcome IN way
wireless telegraphy has lent It's aid IN
Aoviding better agencies for this service
The seed planted By these pioneers pore
fruit in the encouragement of other IN
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-08-17
SCIENCE OF TELAUroMATlcs.

This is what is called the science of
telautomatics. and it is not only wonder
full as it stands to-day, but absolutely
amazing in its promise Of things TO come.
Hertzian waves are only one form Of
vibrations of the ether. and we shall see
that other vibrations of the air, and like
wise of the water, may be used by man In
reaching INTO the distance and doing
things without the intervening agency OF
any seemingly direct passageway or spe-
cial form OF carrier The enveloplnS
ether and the earth upon which we stand
are ready to do this service for US If we
but utilize them properly. Life itself IS
manifold action. and sound, light and
heat are but degrees of molecular or
atomic agitation. Science is teaching US
how we can turn this life of the universe
into agencies for our own ends and tel
automatics is bringing these everlasting
truths home to us in astonishing ways
A few months ago 1t leaked out that the
German naval authorizes were expert
menting with small boat at Kiel which
could be guided and actuated from shore
station by means OF wireless control. IL
was only another evidence of the desire
of the Germans to make headway in this
department of telautomatics. Prior to
that. on the Wannsee, short distance
from Berlin, Christian With. OF Nurem-
berg. gave a number of private exhibit
lions Of a dirigible craft subject TO wire
less guidance. The naval and military
branches Of the government were deeply
interested. not in the actual evolutions Of
that particular boat, but in what the per-
formances reasonably signifed
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1913-03-08

Transactions on the stock exchange
for the six days ended at noon yes
terday amounted TO S104,111, as COM
pared with $S1,S22.S71S in ire last
previous period OF the same length.
ended on Friday. February 10, two
holidays having broken into the inter
yeping period. In the earlier period
$4,000 In bonds appeared. AGAINST $1,000
in that under review Stocks sold
This week, beginning with Saturday
las. were 2S15 shares with proceeds
OF S1A3.qal, There is NOTHING for con
Pratuiation IN the comparatively large
amoaHt or hasinsss recorded as the.
particulars indicate almost q STAN
redo Of sellers OF stocks hitherto re-
gardeA as highest value investment
securities.
OF nina fuglr stocks dealt in. five
have deaIlned. three have maint aineti,
their stsRdipg and only one increased
N price. OF four miscellaneous stocks.
two hays declined one Is unchanvea
snd sOile hes gained. Both the gains
aye Ia stocks that Ind not appeared in
the market for some time. while in
'bc 'csep, OF some of thu steadv prices
there has not heen sale to test the
marriott ipee, the npening. Following
ara the last eale quotations On Satur
cav end yesterd2v respectively:
onening and Closing.
rwn- 25.754pnd 2R.
Haiku. 1850 and 1876.
" G.. q S..,3512h and 34.S7h.
Hawaiian Electric. 225 and 240.
Hawaiian pineapple. fs.5n md 4s -.
Honolulu Brewing & Mailing, 22.25
and 81. tS
McBTyde. 4 and T.
Mutual Telenhone, 80 and 80.
Oahu 1887 and IS.
0laa. g75 and .3.75.
0nomaas 20 and 2l.75. =.
Pioneer. % and 2450.
waialaa, IS and IS.
Waialna Is per cent bonds fell off
1.25 to 1o2.Rt
Following are the transactions of
the six days in. detail:
Stocks -
Eva Plantation Co. s5 shares for
$Soe.2h: high. 25.75; low. 25.
Haiku.. Sugar Co., SO shares for
$3.50; price. 1S5.
Hawaiian Commercial g. Sugar Co.,
797 shares for s27.SS4621S; high,
3512h:: low. 24.S7ls.
Hawaiian Electric Co.. 81 shares for
SO $50: price. f240.
HFwRiisu Pineapple CO.. 200 shares
for S12.0g0: high. 1850: low. 1928.
Honolulu Brewing e MRltipg Co..
Zoe shares for S2150: high. %. low. 2l
McBrRde Sugar Co. as shares for