Arizona republican., 1913-10-25


 force us all, under the penalty of l loss of our own independence, our l selves to become military powers, and to plunge this continent back i into Old World conditions of armed rivalry
 "All of the American nations which l are sufficiently advanced, such as 1 Brazil and the United States, should 1 participate on an absolute equality in the responsibilities and evelop- ment of this doctrine, as far as the interests of the western hemisphere as a whole are concerned It must be made a continental and not a uni-lateral doctrine It should be treated as already such, as far as concerns all American nations suffi- ciently advanced in stability, solidity and potential armed strength-that is, all of our nations sufficiently stable and orderly not to invite, and strong enough to repel Old World aggression. Both Brazil and the United States have reached this point; and so have various other American nations
 50 much for the common interest of all our commonWealths in the face of non American powers. No less vital is the matter of our own be- havior towards one another, no less than towards these non-A American powers.
 'The relations of the northern and southern continents of the western hemisphere are certain to become much closer in the future. The opening of the Panama canal will itself marKedly help to make them closer; and great though the bene- fits of the canal will be to our own country, l believe that they will be if anything even greater to the coun- tries of North America. I wish to see the trade between the United States and all South American coun- tries increase; and in such inter- course the first essential is the abil- ity to inspire confidence. Therefore, from every standpoint, I believe that the United States should scrupu- lously so act as to inspire confidence in her fellow republics. It is for this reason that I fell a peculiar national pride in our having twice withdrawn from Cuba, and having intervened in San Domingo purely for San Domingo's advantage
 There is no brighter chapter in our history than that which tells of these actions The United States does not wish the territory of it's neighbors. It does wish their con- fidence. If ever. as regards any country, intervention does unfortun- ately become necessary, I hope that wherever possible it will b a joint intrvention by such powers as Brazil and the United States, without thought of the selfish aggrandizemeht of any of them, and for the common good of the western world.
 With every right there must al- ways go hand in hand a duty; and no man and no nation can perman- ently enjoy the right if he or it shirks the duty. With every privilege there must go the responsibility of exer- cising the privilege aright Every American commonwealth is bound as q matter of honorable obligation to behave fairly toward it's sister com monWealths; and this is an impossi- bility if it does not keep order and enforce justice within it's own bOr- ders. Among civilized nations it is a general, although not universal, rule that ability to command respect abroad is largely dependent upon the preservation of stability and order, and the proper administration of jus tice, at home.
 The history of my own country teaches this lesson. Like your coun- try, like Brazil, we had to deal with the problem of the abolition of slav- cry. We showed less ability than you did to deal with it in wise and cool handed fashion. You abolished it peacefully and without bloodshed. whereas in our case it cost us a terrible civil war and brought the nation to the verge of destruction. During that, period We lost all pow CT to help other nationalities in our hemisphere, or to enforce respect from others for our own rights, whether in America or elsewhere. Had we remained disunited, had become sub ject to chronic revolutionary disturb ance, we should have reduced our selves to utter and shameful impo tence in the face of the nations of mankind; and one result would un- questionably have been that America would once again have become sub iect to schemes of colonization and armed territorial occupation by old world powers.
 "It is for this reason I feel not only that you are to be congratulated but that all of us who belong to the brotherhood of American common wealths are to be congratulated, be- cause of the steady growth in power, prosperity and stability which your great republic of Brazil has of recent years so conspicuously shown - marvellous growth in which certain other South American republics have had their share. I believe that just as in the nineteenth century the most striking growth feature of the civil ized world was what took place in North America, so in the twentieth the most permanently important fea- ture will be the growth and develop ment of South America. l believe that the present century is the cen utry of South America.
 ''Furthermore. I believe that the world has now grown sufficiently ad- vsnced to realize that normally the growth of one nation in prosperity