The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-07-01

view before uS, that interesting and !
picturesque country with it's noun !
tains and crags; it's lakes and gelns |
and sweet-scented valleys; "Ellen's |
ISLE and the oak beneath which
Duncragxan's widow stood; the Brig |
O'Turk" across which 'Fitz James
the foremost hOrseman rode alone"
the and of Burns. where stands the
ruin Of Kirk Alloway. with it's memo |
ries OF Tam O'Shanter," and "Souter
Johnny OF this glorious piano.
rama. which has received it's mixture
of beautiful scenery, it's lights and
shades; it's touches Of grandeur
elegance from the vivid pencil Of ma
lures artist, who seems to have
snatched the lOveliest tints from every
chosen flower, and blended them all
in IN harmonious scene Of beauty for
the qualification Of every beholder.
We must not dwell, however, upon
Scotland's beautiful scenery or linger
too long by the shrines of it's hallow-
ed history, but must hasten to con-
slider for a few brief moments, the
more important concerns Of flesh and
blood.
Origin Of the Scottish People.
There is a diversity Of opinion be-
tween ancient historians as to the
origin of the Scottish people. The
COUNTRY called Scotland comprises the
northern portion OF the mainland
from Pentland Firth, Solway Forth
and the Cheviot Hills, together with
the Nebrides or Western Islands, the
Orkney and Shetland Islands. The
inhabitants of Scotland comprise the
Hjghlanders, or those who inhabit the
mountains and islands, and the Low
Ianders, or those who inhabit the
southern or level section Of the cOun-
try. Originally, the Highlanders spoke
Gaelic. and the Lowlanders spoke
English. The first historical account
we have OF Scotland is The Life Of
julius Agricola," a great Roman gen
eral, and was written by Tacitus. a
Roman historian, who was father-in-
law of Agricola- In the ear A. II.
50, after julius Caesar had conquered
FranCe-then called Gaul-AgricOla
was sent at the head Of the Roma
army to q that country now
known as Scotland. He soon IN
auered the Lowlanders, but the sub
jugation of the Highlanders was 50
difficult that the Roman army never
efectually accomplished ii. When
AgricOla reached Scotland, there were
as many as seventeen tribes inhabitins
that land, each with a chief OF It's
own, possessing nothing in common
and all these tribes were freQuentf!
mt war among themselves.
About the veal A. d. $50, we inc
that by successive conquests OF tht
smaller by the larger tribes, that in
stead Of tribes, there were
four kingdoms, each governed by 1t!
own king. The largest of these foul
Kingdoms comprising all the countr!
from the river Forth to the Pentl3nf
Firth, was inhabited by a peopi'
known as Picts, a name given to then
by the Romans, because they painted
their bodies when they vent TO war
The name Of the people of the secont
kingdom were known as Scots. The.
originally came from Ireland tina
country then being known as Scotia)
and settled in the mountainous sec
lions and western islands, now in
cluded in Argyleshire and the adjacen
islands, and to their new home the,
gave the name Of Dalriada, AFTER IN
section Of Ireland from whence the
came. Historians claims that tn
Picts are the descendants of the an
cient Caledonians. and therefore, al
ways lived in the country now calie
Scotland. The Scots brought wit
them from Ireland, their native lar
guage, which was Gaelic. They ais
brought with them the elements
the Christian religion.
About the year A. D. S44, tnes
Scots, by successive victories over tf
other tribes, and more especially 0
account Of their Christian religion
supplanting the Pagan belief OF the
neiShbors. united all Of the tour kine
doms into one kingdom over wnlc
Kenneth MacAlpin, the King OF IN
Scots, became supreme ruler.
After numerous wars with the MOI
weKians, and other nearby nation
and after much civil strife, kin
David the First. about the year A. !
1924, conquered all his enemies ar
united Scotland into kinSoon
From the time whereof the memol
of man runneth not to the contrar
and before the people of ScotiaI
were united under one king, tne nIs.
Anders Of Scotland had e v
ed by the Chan System, someen'
styled the Patriarchal System. AS I
mankind In tho primitive state khe
no law except the rule Of might whs:
resulted in the "survai OF nscee'
early society among he nhaeitants
Scotland. was soon obliged to pfovr
for It's defense in order to preserve
very existence. It was IN n,S Ri'n