davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
ST. JOHNsBURY CENTER

Mr.. and Mrs. Harley Blodgett of
Rumford Falls, Me-, have been Wis
iting her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Frank Brewer.
Rev. Felix Powers who has been
holding evangelistic services at
the Methodist church closed his
work on Sunday evening. He re-
turned to his home at Berlin, N.
H, on Monday.
The Ladies' Aid of the Congrega-
tional church will meet with Mrs.
Goodheart on Friday afternoon. All
are invited to come as it is election
of officers.
The young people are going to
Lyndonville on Friday evening fol-
a sleigh ride and attend a Christian
Endeavor social given by the Lyn-
donville young people.
Those who are on the sick list
this week are Harley Brown, Mrs
Jennie Forsythe and Walter Gal
lagher.
Rev. Mr.. Goodheart next Sunday
evening will speak to the young peo-
pie on "Why 1 am a Christian
Mr.. and Mrs. George Morrill, who
have been spending several days il
Boston have returned home.
Mildred Does, VINO mas Deen clerk
ing at M D. Parks, has been en-
gagged to help Mrs. Patrick, the mil
liner.
E. H Hallett was at Burlington
West Rutland, Dorset and other
places last week on grange work.
Monday evening he spoke in Rye
gate on Grange and Agriculture.
Mr.. and Mrs. Twombley of St
son, Dennie Twomoley.
Mrs. Edna Brightly of st. Johns
bury spent Thursday with her
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
RECENT DEATHS.


Lay
Ina Ruth, the IA years old
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harry M.
Day died Thursday morning from
pneumonia. She was taken sick on
February IL and from the first was
critically ill., She was born in Lun
enburg, April 2, 1898, and lived
there until the family moved here
last April. She was a member of the
ninth grade at the Summer street
school and the class attended in
body the funeral which was held
Saturday afternoon at one O'Clock
Rev. Paul ID. Moody oficiated. The
remains were taken to Lunenburg to
be inferred in Sunnyside cemetery.
Besides her parents she is survived
by six sisters, Mrs. Elizabeth Mertz
of Wayne, Pa, Lucia, Florence, Fer
ME, H4lda and Edna Day of st.
Johnsbury. ne
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
Gerald

Henry Titus Gerald died early
Sunday morning at Brightlook hos
pital to which he was taken Wednes-
day previous suffering from bron-
chial pneumonia. The disease was
complicated with Bright's disease
which was a chronic trouble and or
Saturday night he sustained a shock
of paralysis. He had resided in st.
Johnsbury since 1886 and had made
his home lately with his daughter,
Mrs. J. M. Cady. He was born in
Glen Cove, L. l., October 26, 1886.
the son of Thomas Gerald of War
rem, VT, and Hannah Titus. On
August 9, 1870 he married Isabel
Kerr. They had two children, a
son, Thomas Jefferson who died at
the age of four, and Frances, Mrs
Cady He lived in Brooklyn until he
came to st. Johnsbury. Besides his
daughter and one granddaughter
Lesley, he leaves one sister, Mrs
Heman Chaplin of Chappaqua, n.
Y, who is critically i'll. The fun
eral was from the house yesterday al
four o'clock, Rev. Alfred Poole
Grint officiating, and the remains
were taken to Brooklyn for inter
ment in Greenwood cemetery.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
Mcdonald

Mrs. John Mcdonald died Monda!
afternoon at one o'clock from a com
plication of troubles and after near
ly 20 years of poor health. Mary
Fitzgerald was born in County Tip
perary, Ireland, Dec. rs, 1841 and
had lived in st. Johnsbury "a years
She and Mr.. Mcdonald were marriet
at Lancaster, August 1, 1854. She
was a devoted Roman Catholic al
her life, she and her husband hir-
ing the first pew in the first church
of that faith built here and later
when ST. Aloysius church was built
they transferred their interest to
that church. The funeral will be
held this morning at nine O'Clock
from St. Aloysius church.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
Bachand.

Mrs. Fred Bachand died Friday
at her home in Sanford, Ne, after
short illness of pneumonia. She
was Lorena, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry Lacroix of this place anG
visited relatives here only a month
ago. She was 80 years old and is
survived by her husband and two
children, her parents and three
brothers. The remains were brOugh.
here Saturday accompanied by tho
father-in-law, as the husband and
son were i'll and unable to come.
The funeral was from Notre Dame
church Sunday.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
Cyr

Mrs. Alphonse Cyr died on Friday
at St. Johnsbury hospital after a
long illness with tuberculosis. She
was 30 years old and is survived by
her husband, her mother, Mrs. Des-
chenes and three sisters. The flu
neral was on Monday morning froT
Notre Dame church and the inter
ment was at Mt. Calvary cemetery
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
PASSUMPSIC

The opening of the new Village
Hall will take place on Friday eve
ming of this week. The program
will conists of moving pictures, a
play entitled, 1.-THE School at Blue
berry Corners" followed by farce
entitled "The Golden Wedding An
niversary." There will be vocal and
instrumental music between the
acts. Refreshments will be served.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
Probate of VIII
ESTATE OF oRRIN H. YOUNG.

10 Al u OF OKRlN Ii. YOUNG.
STATE OF VERMONT, District of Caledonia ss
The Honorable Probate Court for the Dis
trict of Caledonia: To all persons inter
ested in the estate of Orrin II. Young late Of
Danville. in said district, deceased, greeting:
, At a Probate Court, holden at st. Johns
bury within and for said District on the 9th
day of Feb A. ID. 1871 3 an instrument pur-
porting to be the last VIII and Testament of
Orrin H. Young, late of Danville in said Dis
trict, deceased, was presented to the Court
aforesaid, for Probate.
And it is ordered by said Court that the
Sth day of March. A. D.. 1913. at the Pro-
bate Office in said St. Johnsbury. be assigned
for proving said instrument; and that notice
thereof be given to all persons concerned, by
publishing this order three weeks successive
~ in the CALIFORNIAN, a newspaper circulat-
ing in that vicinity, in said District, previous
TO the time appointed.
Therefore you are hereby notified to APP
pear before said Court. at the time and place
aforesaid, and contest the probate of said
will, if you have cause.
Given under my hand. at st. Johnsbury in
said district this 18th day of February,
A. ID. 1913.
WALTER p. SMITH. Judge.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
is, Mr.. and Mrs. Luther

parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Luther
Brown.
The Y. P. C. F. C. will meet
Thursday evening at the pastors
study. On Tuesday evening they
gave a poverty social.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Merriam OF
Barton were the guests of her sister
Mrs. G. E. Johnson, last week.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
GOchoe.

Charlotte Hall, Is years old, and
who was married to Harry Gochee
last February 1, died on Saturday
morning at BrightlOok hospital
where she had been i'll since Sunday
with pneumonia. She was born in
Cabot and for the last two years had
been employed in different St. Johns
bury families with whom she was
very popular. Her parents are dead
but one sister survives her, Mrs.
Charles Grace of this place. The
funeral was on Tuesday at one
o'clock from the Methodist church,
Rev. R. F. Lowe officiating, and the
remains were taken to Mr.. Gochee's
former home in Barnet for inter
ment.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26
A ChiIdren's Benefit

An entertainment consisting o.
Folk music and dancing will be Civ
en- by Misses Ella Brownell and
Madeline Randall at the Summer
street school Wednesday evening
March 5. j he proceeds are to be de-
voted to the Boston trip of the ninth
grade.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1913-02-26

Try Caledonian want ad.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
CONTINUITY IN ADVERTISING

The merchant who places advertising
in only few newspaper issues is some
times disappointed that large results
do not Immediately follow.
Modern life is crowned with inter
ests, people live in hurried way, and
public attention is tickle. Let the adj
vertiser consult the new science of
craftsmanship and business psycholo y.
He will be told that nothing affects
the mind like repetition. Constant
dropping wears away the stone that is
not affected by the single hard shower.
If, man of striking appearance
passes by your place only at long in
tervals, you would scarcely recollect
his features from time to time. If a
person of ordinary appearance passes
regularly for a short time, his face
becomes firmly fixed in your mind.
The merchant who will advertise
regularly even if only in small space
will be surprised to see how the public
will look for him in his regular position.
The familiar name in the business
news is greeted with as much pleasure
as the familiar face that you meet on
the street. Once interest is created
by a mans methods of advertising,
readers turn to it as to serial story
Elk
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
SOPERTON.

Mr.. and Mrs. H. A. White came up
from Marinette Monday to visit at the
home of the latter's parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Ed. Reavey.
w, J. McCauley went to Crandcn
Tuesday, returning Wednesday.
Mrs. Fletcher arrived Monday and is
giving demonstrations in coffee making
this week at the company store.
Mrs Joseph Hoffman who recently
returned from the hospital at Green
Bay wishes to thank the members of
the M B. A. for the beautiful flowers
sent her while there.
FOR SALE-A rare old violin and a
conn B. fat cornet with silver plate
and gold bell. JOE PoNAsH,
(Adv) Soperton, Wis.
Mrs. Maurice Shepro and Mrs. E. R.
Fisher arrived Wednesday on visit
with their sister, Mrs. w. HI. Meincke.
Mrs. Shepro was formerly Miss Mauds
Colburn. They have been making their
home at international Falls, Mimi.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
IMPROVE THE COUNTRY HOME
Farmers Have an Advantage Over
Their City Cousins
Attorney for Plaintiff.

If the farmers will take advantage
of their opportunities, there is no rea-
son why they should not have all the
advantages in the way of modern i'm
provements over the people who live in
the cities. The Wisconsin Advancement
association took this matter up some
time ago and started campaign that
will never stop, for the farm papers
have got in line for this greatest of all
issues in Importance to the farmers.
If the farmers want to get the de-
tails in this matter all they have to dc
is to write to the agricultural college
for pamphlets and to the manufactur-
ers who supply the material that goes
into these modern improvements. They
will be surprised at the very moderate
cost of complete equipments. The
whole thing will cost less than an av-
erage automobile-that is, the heating,
sewage and lighting plants.
The newspapers of the state are taxi
ing UP this matter and we will soon see
it become universal campaign. When
the newspapers become awake to an
important matter, things fare bidding"
at once.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
Bolts
IAN 7 ED
by THE
NJ. s. NJ. BOXCO.
Marinette, Wis.
LAONA.

Mrs. VIM. Warren left for Taylor,
Wis, last Friday to attend the funeral
of her aunt. She is expected back the
latter part of this week.
DIR. Elliot went to Cavour Thursday
co attend to professional business.
Born, to Mr.. ard Mrs. Joe Sargent,
Thursday, a bouncing baby girl.
Mrs. Len Sargent, ST., of Wausau, is
visiting here with her son, Joe.
C. w. Carhart of Duluth was brsi-
ness visitor in Laona Monday and Tue :
day
Geo. O'Brien of Auburndale arrived
Tuesday evening with crew of M
for the Connor Company.
Miss McGinnas who has been as
ing in. the Office of the Connor Coz LETT
for Milwaukee Thursday where she has
accepted position as stenographer.
Walter DeCaver has accepted pos
ition as book-keeper in the Conner Co.,
office
Miss Baner of Dancy has accepted q
position as stenographer in the Conno7
Co., office.
Vernard Wright, assistant postmast-
err, returned from Granton Tuesday
where he visited his mother few days.
DR.. Noer of Wabeno attended to pro-
fessional business here Thursday.
Geo. Votenware, teamster at Con-
nor's camp II, received some serious
injuries Thursday afternoon. While
coming down steep hill thel binder on
load of logs broke and he was caught
between the falling logs. He'sustained
fracture of the Pelvic bone and grave
internal injuries which necessitated an
immediate operation. He was taken
to Elliott's hospital and given surgical
aid and at present hopes are entertain
ed for his recovery.
Miss Leita Mathews who has been
employed as nurse at the hospital the
past few months resigned her position
and left for her home in Menominee
Friday.
AL Buser, employed in the Govern
ment office at Madison, is visiting with
friends here.
L. Pooler, the local station agent,
cas- leased the Hotel Zahringer and will
take charge March first.
Mrs. John Jones and children arrived
in town Wednesday to make Laons
their permanent home. Mr.. Jones is
employed in the hardware department
at Connor's store.
Rev. Burris returned from Columbus
Ohio, last Thursday and is busy NOV
ing his household goods into the Sar
gent residence. Mrs. Burris will ar
rive in few days much improved ii
health.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
First pub. Feb. 81, last April A, 1918. }
SHERIFF'S SALE.
Attorney for Executor.

By virtue of an execution, issued out
of and under the seal of the Circuit
Court in and for the county of Forest
and state of Wisconsin, upon a judg-
ment transcript docketed in the said
court, on the goth day of March, A. D.
1912, in an action wherein A. E. Law
renee is plaintiff, and Louisa Schmidt
is defendant, in favor of the said
plaintiff, and against the said
defendant, for the sum of fifty dol
lars, which execution was directed and
delivered to me as sheriff in and for
said county of Forest, | have levied
upon all the right, title and interest OF
the said defendant Louisa Schmidt in
and to the following described real
property, to-wit: The Northeast
quarter of the Northeast quarter IN.
E. of N. E. y of section number MIN
teen (l9), in township number thirty
four (34) north, of range number fif-
teen (15) east, situate in Forest Coun-
ty, Wisconsin.
NOTICE is hereby given, that I, the
undersigned, as sheriff as aforesaid,
will sell the above described real pro-
perty to the highest bidder. for cash,
at public auction, at the front door of
the town hall in the town of Wabeno,
in the county of Forest and state OF
Wisconsin, on the fifth day of April,
1913, at 10 o'clock A. M. of that day,
to satisfy the said execution, together
with the interest and costs thereon.
Dated February l8, 1913.
MARTIN GEoRGEsoN,
Sheriff of Forest County.
JOSEPH T. SIMS,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

The Wisconsin Advancement asso-
citation insists that there is no good
reason why most of the farm homes of
Wisconsin should not be heated and
lighted with the most approved sys-
TENS, or why there should not be hot
and cold water in all rooms-in fact,
why the farmer wives should not be in
position to lord it over their city
cousins as has been the reverse in the
past That this is true can be deter
mined by the slightest investigation.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
GOVERNMENT LOSS
IN IRRIGATION
Committee of Congress Awakened to
the Seriousness of the Situation

Committee of Congress Awakened to
the Seriousness of the Situation
During the last two years the whole
country has awakened to the fact that
the government has been utterly reck-
less in the expenditure of money for
irrigation works. The field men of the
agricultural department have reported
innumerable troubles, the director of
the department has reported that the
settlement of the projects has come to
a standstill, and now committee of
congress has come to a conclusion as
follows:
The committee asserts the laudable
policy of land reclamation will fail UNI
less efficient administration be obtain
ed. 1t characteries the four completed
projects City, Kas Hondo
and Carlsbad, N M, and Okanogan,
Wash.-as failures, and of the whole
reclamation work says: cat this rate
of reckless progress the probable loss
to the government over and above es-
Inmates will be from $110. 100000 to
$115,OO0,O0 Such a dalliance with
millions of dollars by persons who are
styled engineers, but whose mathe
matte work would discredit village
high school, is calculated to breed con-
tempt for the government in the public
mind"
And all this time there has been mil
lions of acres of the best land the sun
shines upon actually vacant and await
ing the settler in upper Wisconsin,
Michigan and Minnesota Hundreds
of thousands of dollars have gone from
Wisconsin to these irrigation projects
that will never come back.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Inc monthly exams aiS.s9escl
part of this week. -
The Juniors have held several meet
ings lately for the purpose of making
arrangements for the Prom.
Della Chinook was absent few days
this week.
The Literary program given last Fri
day night was well attended.
A number of the students are pre-
pairing for. the Declamatory and Or
atorical contest. Six girls have entered
the Declamatory and three boys have
entered the Oratorical
The debaters are busy working on
their debates. The debate will be held
at Oconto Falls, March Ia. Thru the
efforts put forth by our representa-
tives, they deserve to win. Here's
hoping they do.
The Juniors are racking their brains
trying to fino large amount of know
ledge on the Peace question.
On Wednesday evening, March IL,
the next entertainment at the High
School will be given by Prof. Fullen-
weider and Mrs. Fullenweider assisted
by reader. Professor and Mrs. Full
lenweider are connected with the school
of music at Lawrence College, Apple
ton The evenings program will con-
sist of piano and violin selections,
readings and combinations.
These people come to us highly rec
commended and are artists in their line
rhe program will appear in next weeks
issue. Tickets will sell for Is and s.
cents. The total cost of this enter
tainment will be more than fifty dol
lars.
The receipts from the home talent
entertainment were $24.30
The Retz earns Recital is scheduled
for an April date.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
(1st pub. Feb. z, last Feb. %, 1918
FOREST COUNTY COURT-IN PRO-
BATE.

list pub. Feb. z, last Feb %, 1879
FOREST COUNTY COURT-IN PRO-
BATE.
In the Matter of the Will of John Nier-
man, Deceased.
On reading and filing the petition of
f. o. Rusch, executor OF the will of
John Norman, deceased, representing
among other things that he has fully
administered the said estate, and pray
ing that a time and place be fixed for
examining and allowing his account of
his administration, and that the residue
of the said estate be assigned to such
persons as are by law entitled to the
same;
1t is ordered. that said application
be heard before me, at my office, in
the city of Crandon, on the fourth day
Of March, 1913, at 10 O'Clock A. M.
And it is further ordered, that notice
of said application and hearing be Civ
en- to all persons interested, by pub
LEGATION of copy of this order, for
three successive weeks, in the North
ern Wisconsin Advertiser, newspaper
printed in said county, before the day
fixed for said hearing.
Dated this 4th day of February, 1913.
By the Court,
J. A. WALSH, County Judge.
JOSEPH I. SIMS,
Wabeno, Wis.
Attorney for Executor.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
THE LARGEST MAGAZINE IN THE
WORLD.

ToDAY's MAGAZINE is the largest and
best edited magazine published at Soc
per year. Five cents per copy at all
newsdealers. Every lady who appreci-
ates good magazine should send for
a free sample copy and premium cat
alog. Address, ToDAY's MAGAZINE,
Canton, Ohio. (Adv.)
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

ST. AMBROSE. Regular services
on the End and 4th Sunday of each
month at 800 and 1O:15 a. M, and 7:3(
o. m. Suncay School every Sunday
morning at o'clock.
FATHER A. o. BUYTAERT, Pastor.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

PRESBYTERIAN. Regular services
every Sunday evening at 7:30. Sunday
School every Sunday morning at 10
o'clock.
REV. R. S. BURRIS, Pastor.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Teatherman take away your open
winter. One day it is too chilly for
swimming and the next day it is too
hot for fishing through lie ice.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Those New York gangsters who re-
Gently shot the wrong man were aw-
fully careless-now they've got to do
the Job all over again.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
FRIDAY, FEB. %. 1913.
Post Office Hours.
CHURCH SERVICES

GERMAN LUTHERAN. Regular
services every Sunday morning at 1920
Sunday School every Sunday at 11:3O
q. m.
REV. VIM. WADZINSKI, Pastor.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Age may bring wisdom, but it doesn't
leave us much time to use it
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Maybe some time the nations will
learn to hold their peace conferences
before commencing to shoot up any
thing.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
HOPE FOR woUIl

AAOA II . 0N "OO1
Rhinelander, Wis
Editor: note -
of Feb. 6 fro
garding the
Now, thel (.
Wilson to geSa me
in Oneida or, any Wis
consin county, and ay
dollar cash in adva the
ability and means and,
build and improve al hing.
In few years ne y pay
for the land all ri rs in
northern Wiscq( lrt in
some such wa a few
dollars down I'D strug
condition.
Any man v enough to get
here and alb ear and put up
buildings living for himself
and Iah all the time he
needs The trouble gener-
ally i. g4y IS the means to get
here ailOll4ake start. Cooped up in
the city, on loVIwages, all of which is
needed, to the last penney, to pay act
eual living expenses, and generally in
debt to the groder and baker, it is very
hard for them to save enough to even
pay their expenses out into the country
But once they do get out and etnicely
located, they find that it does not re-
quire nearly as much money to live as
it does in the city. There is no rent,
no fuel, no water tax, they raise most
of their own food and money is needed
principally for clothes and to pay small
necessary matters like taxes. And
there is something to look forward to;
they can expect to own home of their
own some day.
The man who has the courage to
start out has something to look for
ward Co, while in the city it may be
said to be all past or present.
G. P. CROSBY.
In Chicago Record Herald.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Honest competltlon IN prices
Make the atmosphere healthy
Fire all croakers, loafers and dead
beats. Let your objects be the well
fare, growth, promotion of your town
and it's people. Speak well of your
public spirited men and be one of them
yourself. Be honest with your fellow
men. Don't think that your commerce
ial organization will run itself. CO.
operation is the foundation Of the
movement. Boosti Boosti
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28
MONUMENT FOR A GOOD TOWN

Grit
Vim
Push
Snap
Energy
Schools
Morality
Churches
Harmony
Cordiality
Advertising
Talk about it
Speak well of it
A healthy location
Help to improve it
Advertise in it's papers
Elect good men to office
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1913-02-28

Subscription 81. so per year in advance.
Sample copies free. a.