davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19
DAkoTAN VICTIM Fob SWIM
Oilers

st. Louis. Mo. Dec. IS NO meas
one giving the name OF John Murray
the other Fred Owens, were arrested
charged witch rying to- sWindle Roy
Langdon, of North Dakota on q .lixI
6sace at plarez, Mexico. II isI
charged a confederate Of the men ofs;
tered Langdon a profit OF $1,000 iiff StheI
would deposit d thousand as evidences
Sofs good faith.
Langdon who drew the money from
the WoodlaWn Ill bank, protested tu
the police against the arrest Of the
two men saying the race was dfiixed as
5claimed and provisional president
Huerta is in on the rake-o if If Z
scATHpL1e PRIEST vicTiM
OF AUTO ACCIDENT
sS Their Anthony Pillda, member
5of the edictine Order, met with
an seeident Monday in which he s,sss
tanned 4 broken lee. ather An tlhoHy'
WAS 81 cross eonnt /
Saut omobil il 81 en- ate 20 evdls Lake.
when the accide emf oec tirred. He IS III
"a hospital az RI
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19
|GARRIsoh GETS sSsS.s
II. HIS 4 AIS PHEsEN'


Garrison. D., Dec. iso i
gets the Great I n orth ern assg d Christ.
mas 4 present fro t1nlle offic ials o sttls5
road i,,asldl This BIS g result Of the decision
Tot the Great tNprthern rs change its
route across the Berthold reserVass ion
Tor the Line proposed Il ON New Rock
ford 70 Lewist on.
E nstead Of running along the river.
as originally planned, the line will
cress the 500 here, then 90 west
through the Rosebud section and meet
the extension rom Me- enzie county
river:
ne eoastruct u pff the e S,ortli,
Tern sthloli ghg here will give the people
iicf GarTiso d ireet line tto Fargo
land the twin les and viii greatly
liininlroVeS Garriso on facilttes ana said
Hts ambitt ions to Esecnde the County
seat Of The prop osed ne county Il
the rganized here.
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19
ALTO FALLS OVER
EMsArJiss EN- Is; ONE HI; II.

EordYille sssss D; 3, Dec 8 relix
.zelpen Of this city Ut rroWly escaped
serious injury when the steering gear
jcf his Ford car became dlsarranged
and thes car plum ed dow a fifteen
foot embankment. Mr.. zelpen was
rendered uneonsc ious by the fall and
upon sonling found himself wing
ont of the d damaged car side
from agfeWS bruises IN & Helpen suffer
ters yili effect from the accident Tie
car was only s1i ghtl damaged
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19
low Many sso';riety
w omen C Drink Cocktails
;By cIiAs. 4. WI ON. eshliaso

fe fashionable hotel she passing order
1b waiter H does That he ID
She need have the this viii
70 her will reach
chances that viii cream glass
81 cakes pretty title hide
of5the glass &s8S8
or three together and
be waiter soup dish and
dip the lade smalie cups
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19


the amount OF the funds which such
bank may receive, may be filed. If Il
personal bond isE Furnished, IT shall DC:
forth sum not less than double the
amount OF funds to sbe deposited III
such bank at any one time.
Blank publications. and bonds may
be obtained ibY writing To the secre+
.tary Of State al Bismarck. North Da.
l lis,' The hight to reject and all
bids is reserved
Dated sat Bismarck North Dakota
this first day Of Dece la 3.
OAd AS IIAlsII 1sI
#8S SeeTetary OF State
s,s %. JOR GENS
State A udftor.
REV taIII LHi,
Attorney General.
State Board OF tors:
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19
hat e Z "a \ o1l Il 81
God Oh y az i 81
I q &, of coats s.
seen on ! IA en- ~ \ q

!; Tx ! !, q: ] i It; snug
SIN ii \ isi Il 4 out
/. the co 4 81 The
it swing Of HE la-
1,els' and Z! tnos thin
trim ed es well
& ye had q them BE fore
l,nt not for { as low as
a, 81 ~ & 4 ! long sllet
hat i 5. s, ysu ]
n & Il 1 y, y ii h
Siirsc q ban ! 4, \ Sui I.
u { irs ]; 4 /. 4 !, bl.aulr
lot hes are The |! il, orll j
kind At i heir Il i. prices
N eli arc 81 ool
,ond 81 -sllru nix land
ailored md 3 & N wr1l.
with | !: 81. 4 thread
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19

ornlersy when fAslnon4
able women wanted 10 drink
J 4 ! cocktail they he'd to do 4
lot &. q .l,anen 4 4 t. GET
one. IS Vi 81
/ 4 At present all 4 roman
has 10 do is to enter the din,
Devils Lake inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1909-1915, 1913-12-19

iisbrother, also mother member Of the
FIsfarnil to Join
Ilthe vent 81 serious develop rents il
SO
1.-THE cond ition Of his mother.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
PRAISES MARSHALL
AND STATE COURT
JUDGE PRTTCHARD ADDRESSES
STUDENTS OF RICHMOND coll
LEGE LAW SCHOOL.

Judge letter C.. Pritchard. Of the
United Stat csc shrduI
United States Court OF Appeals for
this district, addressed the students
of the Richmond college law school
last night on the subject OF '4The
Power Of the State or Federal Judi
UNCONVENTIONAL
Whtl6 the lecture was given pri-
Ynariiy for the law students q num-
Der of citizens attended. The lee
ture was given I'm the college chapel
Judge Pritehard outlined the
powers of the federal courts. tell
ing of their powers and limitations
and gave instances of their exercises
Of the former. He sketched briefly
the history of the Supreme Court Of
the United States and the construc-
tons placed upon the federal consti-
tuition by the various chief Justices
He paid tribute to John Marshall as
the greatest of them all, the ex-
FOUNDER of the constitution and the
man who really gave 10 1t definite
meaning. Tribute was paid also to
the Virginia Supreme court. and to
the present Chief Justice White.
whom Judge Pritchard knows per
sanally and for whom. he expressed
high regard.
In closing the speaker admonishcd
his hearers to make character the
hasis OF their study and practice in
life. declaring that without moral
character the highest degree of sue
cess could not be obtained.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
WESTHAMPTON To
STAND TAX RAISE
CITIZENS WILLING FOR AN IN
CREASE TO KEEP PUBLIC
SCHOOLS OPEN

Showing q progressive spirit, the
patrons OF westhampton school held
a special meeting last night In the
schoolhouse and passed resolution
consenting to the increase of the levy
from twenty seven cents to fifty on
the $500 SO as to enable their chill
dren to attend schools the full SEES
sion of nine months instead OF stop
ping ON March LIST
A ID. Wright. superintendent OF
schools of Henrico county, together
with the board of trustees OF Tucka-
hoe district. attended the meeting and
told of the Indebtedness OF the dis
trict, which il not remedied would
mean the premature closing of the
schools on March 1st- When the
question OF whether the children
should attend school the full SEES
sion by raising the school levy or
should they be stopped just as they
had gotten started good by refusing il.
only one man opposed the increase.
meeting will be held tonight in
Ridge school. while another will be
held tomorrow night in Short Pump
school. the purpose OF which to as
certain whether or not the citizens in
these vicinities desire the schools to
run the full session. Superintendent
Wright and the trustees will also at
tend these meeting and answer any
questions that the patrons may feel
disposed to ask In regard to the de-
ncits oS the district
III the patrons of Short Pump and
Ridge schools get together and favor
the increase OF the levy as did those
OF Westhampton the children of
Tuckahoe district will be enabled to
attend school the full session.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
REPORT Of MORGAN
ILLNESS IS UNTRUE
NEW YORK OFFICE PROMPTLY
DENIES STATEMENT con-
CERNING HIS HEALTH.

NEW YORK. Feb. 17.--EarIy re-
ports in Wall Street that J. p. Nor
gan. who Is now in Egypt, had left
that country for Italy In charge Of
two doctors and three nurses were
given wide circulation in the stock
market district, but the rumors were
set at rest soon after Mr., Morgan's
office opened.
The dispatch that started the ru-3
NOR today was sent from Rome, and
was not confirmed either in London
or New York. 1t was said that Mr.
Morgan, seriously i'll. had left Cairo
today with two physicians, and three
nurses. Paris specialists. said the
cable, had been summoned To meet
him in Naples It was said that the
tinaneier and his party had chartered
the entire deck of the CaTonfa for
the trip to Naples.
1t was straightaway announced at
the Office OF ]. p. Morgan & Com.
pany that Mr.. Morgan had an at
tack of acute Indigestion a week ago.
from which he had recovered, and
it was denied that Mr.. Morgan's in-
disposition was in any way serious.
Those who remembered Mr.. Nor
gan's vigor before the Pujo commit
tee paid scant attention to the rus
NOR.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
GARRISON GOES
To SECOND MARKET
CHANGE IS MADE FOR GOOD OF
THE sERyICE--ETFEcTIv
MARCH 1sr.
DIACONT To FIRST
DR. LEVY SAYS SECOND MARKET
Is NOT SO BAD OFF,
CLEANING DAY, APRIL
IsT.

With the view OF improving condi-
lions at the Second market the admin
tstratiye board yesterday transferred
CierF Diacont from that market to the
First market. ana called Clerk CARR
son to the Second, the work to begin
on the LIST of March.
This move was made after the board
had RECEIVED report from Dr.: Levy
as to the condition of the Second
market, and after the board several
days ago had heard a number Of the
hucksters and the clerk of the Second
market.
Or. Levy statet, in his report that
ton that one might think from the
report OF State Agent Jones, but that
there were number OF improvements
which might be made.
Upon motion of Mr.. Hirschberg the
board recommended to the city that
April LIST be known as Cleaning Day."
whether at home. at business, or In
the street. do all possible to help keep
the city clean.
not only look upon this, par ticular day
as cleaning day, but that they will
continue to help. In their own way to
keep the space before his own door
clean, and that in his backyard. and
he Will hnd that there will be little to
grumble about"
Chairman Whittet and Commissioners
Beck were named AS q committee to
confer with the Virginia Railway and
Power COMPANY concerning the re,
moyaI or frame house at Cary and
Robinson streets, and the discon-
tinuance of the cleaning OF cars I'm
Beverly street
Owing to mistake made by a num-
Der OF bidders for street and other
improvements. which were TO have
been opened at different hours. but
which were placed In the box" al the
same time, the board decided to, here
after advertise all bids TO he opened at
noon,
pidu FOR s,nrssax fax Sha r.4,.. hn..,n.
win be opened at 10 O'Clock this morn
ing, and other bids for paving. In
Guiding that fer Broad street from
Third street to Jefferson, will be
opened at IL o'clock this morning.
large number Of petitions asking
for street and sidewalk improvements,
alley grading, trees, barber poles. etc.
were referred to the appropriate de-
partments.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18


Vera Lipscomb, Louise Robersfosss
Nellie Holt, Lottie Ricketts,. Mrs "A. A7
II, Rudd; Messrs. Mccartney DYER
Scott. Walton. Lulce, Ricketts,, Kend-
Ter. Ellington, Paily McClintock md \
Carroll.
Personals.
Miss Lenore Tinsley. returns The 4
first of this week from Huntingtan.
w. Va, whore she has been visiting
her sister, Mrs J. e Miller
Mr.. and Mrs. Jas. Primrose WHY'S
have returned to Wilmington, NJ. c.
after short visit In Richmond.
Miss Katherine Green returns to-
day from Philadelphia, where she ha1
been spending several weeks with
friends.
Miss Kate Taylor is visiting IA
Nashville, Tenn
Miss Frances Berkeley has return
ed from Danville, where she was tho
guest OF Mr.. and Mrs John T.. Ber-
kelley.
Miss Margaret Stringfeliow ana
Miss Annie Rose Walker are sper&s
ing some time at Atlantic City,
Mr.. and Mrs. r. Nj. Mccurnber
have returned TO Richmond afts9
spending several days In stanton.
Miss Virginia Dance. Of DanviiIe.
has returned from visit of several
weeks in Norfolk, and is the guest OF
Mrs. W. f. Dance. of 1884 Park
avenue.
Mr.. and Mrs. r, s. Barbour, OF
South Boston. Va, spent yesterday In
Richmond, and left last night for
Philadelphia and New York
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
ON GOLF LINKS
AT PINEHURST

PINEHURST, N. c., Feb. 17.--In-
terest in todays play in the seventh
annual ST. Valentines golf tourna-
Iment for women postponed semi-final
round. conferred In close win by Miss
Elkins, Of Oakmont, former United
North and South wcmen's champion,
from Miss Dorothy Hutchinson. OF the
Detroit Country club by s.. Miss
Hutchinson IL y girl OF rs years. who
attracted much attention az the victor
over Mrs Alexander McGregor, OF
Belmont. medalist or the qualification
round. The contest WAS nip and tuck
Miss Efkins meets Mrs. n. w. Thrift.
OF Shawnee. who defeated Mrs. A.
Randall, Of Portland, Maine. by three
and two,
Two matches which ended on the
home green, advanced Mrs. M. ID.
Rae, oil Essex Falls. and Miss Edith
Rarnat. Of New Haven. In the second
division.
III the third Miss Gwendolyn Cum
mings, OF Brookline, and Miss Mar
torie Lppincott of Riyarton. remain.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
CHIEF OF POLICE
IS SHOT BY NEGRO

GORDONvILLE. VA. Feb. IL
Sunday night about III o'clock, while
attempting the arrest Of negro man.
shot In the right leg near the thigh
and painfully, though not seriously,
injured. About one week since the
store Of T. A. Bell. OF Gotham, was
broken into and robbed and this negro
suspected OF the crime. but made his
escape. On sunday night he was seen
notified. He at once proceeded to
make the arrest, The negro fred at
Mr.. Watkins, the ball penetrating the
right leg near the thigh, which near
" proved fatal. ~ one inch higher
would have servered an artery. MIR.
Watkins hred several times in re-
negro. who Hade eood IN escape.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
OBITUARY
Harness Lee sheiton.

James Lee shelton.
After an illness OF several weeks,
James Lee Shelton, thirty-nine years
old, who for many. years was success
full and widely known lawyer, died
Sunday night at 1880 o'clock In the
Hygeia hospital. his demise being due
to typhoid fever.
Besides being engaged In the legal
nrnfeasion. he was at the time OF his
death president of the shelton Water
Wheel and Manufacturing company
with offices In the Travellers Building.
Mr.. Shelton was born October IL,
1874. He married Miss Louise Powers,
daughter of the late n. l. Powers, who
surYiyea There are no children. His
father was James H. Shelton. formerly
large land owner near Inex, who
at one time was largely engaged In
lower part OF Louisa county, making
his home at what IL known m Shelton
MILLS
education In Louisa county at the
Haley high school and graduated from
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
HIGHLAND PARK
DISCUSSES BONDS

After three hours OF discussion of
the proposed bond issue OF SIS, oo0
for improvements In Highland Park.
the town council adjourned over until
next Monday night. AT this meeting
definite plans will be formulated.
A large number OF residents OF the
suburb were present at the council and
the majority seemed to be In favor of
the move. Approximate estimates
were received as follows:
Granolithic walks. $4,000. exten-
sion OF the water mains, $4,000. leav-
ing $4,000 for general improvements
In the town.
On invitation Engineer Marshall. OF
the Henrico Gas works. Barton
Heights. was present ut the meeting
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
PAYO OR IS COMING
TO STAND TRIAL

DANvILLE, VA. Feb. 17.--Private
letters received here tonight make 1t
certain that William s. Paylor the de-
fauIting city treasurer, will arrive on
board the steamer yoltatre. due In New
York Mt midday tomorrow from Buenos
This information sets at rest any
doubts which were current as to the
former treaxurer's return and he Is
now expected in this city on Wednes-
day night
Pnylor has been Indicted by the
xraYA ,sssry for the emhezxiamant OF
$4,000 State funds. He left here fully
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
DIR. JORDAN WILL
LECTURE FRIDAY
UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR TO SPEAK
AT HIGH SCHOOL AND SUI
FRAGE LEAGUE ROOMS.

DR.. Harvey Il. Jordan. OF the medical
sehoct Of this urffverzity of. 'v1rgfnfa
will deliver two lectures In Richmond
on Friday OF this week, one at night in
the auditorium OF the John Marshall
high school and the other before the
Equal Suffrage league In the after
noon.
The lecture Friday night will be
Extsnsion courses sp. the ans,en nse ne,nyy
The Eject OF War on the Human
Race" This Is the fourth In series
OF lectures being given AT the high
school.
at 4:30 o'clock In the afternoon In the
club rooms OF the local branch OF the
Equal Suffrage league, the speake r's
general subject OF eugenics.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

and talked In regard to introducing
gas into Highland Park. A resolution
was passed, allowing the Citizens
league to hold their meeting in the
council chamber
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Richmond college I'm 1895. taking the
q. T.. degree in one session. The death
OF his father in May. 1896, necessitated
his return TO Louisa county and he
courthouse, later returning 20 Rich
moud
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18
Crafts

now i2f East Broad Street--soon 10xa
East Broad Street.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Virtually your own terms oss Anys
Piano or Player Piano III stock atix fn1
,Gse Removal Sale.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Especial TO The Etchmond FfrEfuiAn.
WINCHESTER VA, Feb. IT,
Samuel Baker Neil, member of a pronai~
nent West Virginia family, died here
yesterday from the effects Of a fall sus-
tanned several weeks ago. One OF his
ancestors, John Nell. was a first set
tier In the Shenandoah valley. MIR.
Nell was Il Confederate soldier. having
served In the Twelfth Virginia cavalry.
He was born seventy I've years ago In
Jefferson county, w. Va. His widow.
Nrs Ida II. Neiii, of Shepherdstown n.
w Va, and one son, Paymaster w. G.
Neill, United States station at Indian
Head Proving grounds In Maryland,
survive him
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Edward Gray for many years q clerk
In the office Of the commissioner of the
revenue OF Richmond. died about l
o'clock yesterday In his home, IL North
Fourth street. Mr.. Gray had been III
two or three weeks from bronchitis and
his death was not entirely unexpected,
MIR. Gray was eighty years old, and
one of the most popular men In Rich
mond He served during the war with
the Richmond Howatxers, and was re-
gareed az brave and courageous sol
der. For many years he was an elder
of Grace Street Presbyterian church
and was highly esteemed and beloved
by the entire congregation. He is sur
yiyed hy a widow and several children,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Miss Margaret Stringfellow and
Miss Annie Rose walker are spend
ing some time at Atlantic City.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Miss Frances Berkeley has return
ed from Danville, where she was tho
guest OF Mr.. and Mrs. John T.. Ber-
kelley!
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Mr.. and Mrs. r. Nj McCumber
have returned TO Richmond aftSe
spending several days In stanton.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-02-18

Miss. Kate Taylor is visiting iii
Nashville, Tenn
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-23

BY MARY
Alexandra Sutherland Orr holds her
place on the calendar of notable wom-
en- as the biographer of Robert
Browning.
Her grandfather was physician to
the Court of Russia and Alexandra
was born in st. Petersburg. She re-
ceived the name Alexandra in honor
of the Russian empress. who was her
godmother.
AS a child Alexandra was delicate,
and because of a defect in sight she
received most all of her education
through the reading aloud of others.
She seldom enjoyed the privilege of
reading to herself. But her education
was in no way neglected. She tray-
eled about Europe with her family
as girl, and to make UP for the fact
that she could not read she observed
and remembered whatever went on
about her.
At twenty-nine she married an En-
glish officer named Orr, and with him
went to India, where she was living
during the frightful Indian mutiny
of 1857 Her husband suffered such
hardships during this uprising that
he died shortly afterward. Mrs. Orr,
now in the prime of her extraordi-
nary beauty, returned to England,
where she Travelled about leisurely,
now at Bath and now at London, en-
joying the society of people of letters
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-23
STATE VALUATIONS AND EXPENSES.

WHILE PUBLIC school and other expenses increase from
year year. property that taxed the
This year the increase of New Jersey 1912 Is
S164e04 which average of per cent represents
$22e808 the income of the various taxing
districts.
eight years the assessed valuations of the State
doubled This increase all property
largely added of existing property and value
Prior 1908 the rate of assessment
many per and the maximum not
go 70 per In not few instances there was
nominal The enforced lacking of these low
valuations approximate value with the natural increase
additional the entire State in 1905
The State valuations in 1905, per cent tax would
yield $23ooo OF whereas the from this
years valuations percentage of would be about
$48OooO0o AS the this property does not to the State
does include fsass railroad property it
relation appropriations. Since 1905 the States
disbursements from $830596 $0587 Have
the municipalities increased in the
valuations and the cost of State govern
ment?
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-23
"seeing Things" at Night.
From the British Medical journal.


Every one must at times have asked
himself why familiar objects in a dim
light tend to assume fantastic and
oftentimes alarming appearance.
The explanation is to be found in
the special conditions of night vision.
The pupils are widely dilated and,
as In the Photographic lens with a
large diaphragm, the apparatus OF
accommodation can only focus for
one plane. AS the faculty of estimat-
ing distances is in great measure
lost in the obscurity, we cannot focus
with precision and a blurred uncer-
tain outline is thrown upon the re-
tina.
Then, too. colors viewed in fading
light lose their distinguishing hue In
fixed sequence until a point is
reached at which everything becomes
of one uniform gray tint.
1t follows that the images which are
transmitted to the visual centres are
profoundly modified in color and out
line, and as they enter the eye
through the widely-dilated pupil at an
altogether unusual angle, the move
ment of locomotion gives them pc
culiar mobility.
Now. one relies on experience for
the Interpretation of sensorial impress
sions, and when these show them
selves suddenly in an unusual form
they create feeling of insecurity
which finds expression in mental per-
turbation and more or less violent
motor impulsions. In fact the sub
ject finds himself in the position of
horse which sees a rapidly adj
vancing motor car for the first time
and does not know what to make
of 1t.
Imagination aiding, these blurred,
mobile and uncertain images are sus-
ceptible of the most phantasma goric
Interpretation, and in persons who are
not accustomed to control senSorlal
impressions by the exercise of the In
telligence, the impressions are ac-
copied as realities and acted upon
accordingly.
Game keepers and others who are
accustomed to night work make al
Iowance for phenomena of this class
and correct the visual deficiency by
the aid of other senses, such as hear
Ing, which are not dependent on
light.