The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1913-10-16

In order to avoid those sources Of
I LANCER Of infection as much as posi-
BILE when the disease is rampan in a
community, we deem it advisable to
keep the hogs indoors whenever this is
possible, at the same time keeping the
quarters thoroughly disinfected. We
realize that it is better to keep the
animals In lots Inc pastures under DE-
binary circumstances, but during e&-
tensiVe outbreaks. the confinement of
hogs In buildings may be a means of
protection.
While the feed in itself plays little
or no part in the production of the
disease, there always is danger Of in.
Producing infection by the use of food
stuffs which may have been contamin-
4ted with the germs in some way or
other. This may be obviated bv the
use of a feed cooker by which the ma
terials fed can be exposed to steriliz-
ing heat. Those feeding much material
as Motel or restaurant Offal should by
all means cook it before offering it to-
hogs.
Another factor In the spreaG .: hog
lChOlera Is the Introduction of new hogs
into the herd. Such animals may ave
ONE from an infected district or have
been exposed during transit by means
OF infected stock cars or yards. For
he same reason stock shows are liable
to become means for the spread Of IN
Election.
Another factor to no small degrees
responsible for the spread of disease is
found in the fact that on many farms,
hogs manifestly sick with the disease
and doomed to die are permitted to-
hnger about and to hide themselves in
various out of the way places. 1t is
reasonable to suppose that this will
soon as it were %saturate a hog lot or
assure with disease and the more in
| leCttOn or germs are JhnE GnaitareI
about the more danger 1t will offer to
the healthy hogs in Il certain district.
If farmers could be induced to kill this
Oe of animals and to destroy the
~carcAsses by immediate burning. they
undoubtedly would do a great deal to-
ward limiting both the extent and the
speed of the spread of the disease.
In the more specific means of pre-
NehtlOn the use Of protective serum
must be given consideration. Protec-.
tive serum injected into a susceptible,
healthy hog, that is not exposed 20
infection, will protect this animal for
a period Of approximately four weeks.
In hogs exposed to natural Infection
during this period Of protection, the
immunity will last considerably
Longer. from several months to a life
time even. This same duration of i'm
munity may be secured by the injec-
ton Of Il small quantity of Virulent
blood at the same time when the
serum Is injected. This method, known q
as the simultaneous method, can
only be relied upon when the serum
used has a very high degree of po-
tency. AT the present time, however.
we know Of no available supply Of
serum of which we are absolutely sure
that it has this degree Of potency and
hence. for the time being, we do not
recommend the use Of the simultane--
Gus method. =
The above facts should be we'll.
pondered by those who intend to use
serum. Remembering that non-ex-
posed hogs injected with serum are
immune only four weeks, it becomes
clear that they would nave to be in
Jected again at the end of that period,
If their immunity against the disease.
Is to be continued. With the high cost
and scarcity Of serum, this would not
be profitable. and hence. it is always
better to wait with the serum-Only
Injection, until the disease actually
occurs in the herd or until the ex-
posture to infection becomes imminent
or inevitable. Also in the case Of hogs
about ready for market or in that OF
animals to be exhibited at fairs would
the use of serum-only be warrant
ed. 49,
In districts where cholera is not
prev dICIt, serum SlOulu not De used.
IN infected districts and on farms in"
danger of becoming the seat of an
outbreak, hog owners should attempt
to secure q supply. Keep the same In
the ice box until it's use becomes ad-:
Visable, This would certainly be. when,
the first hog shows evidence of the :,
disease, n after that there should
not be any delay in the use of the
serum. When disease should not make
tic nYNnaI ro t,cn flrrc .r1,,IJ - -
serum wasted and some one else could :
perhaps be benefited by its use.
Owing to the great prevalence of.
hog cholera in the hog raising states, )
1t has become extremely difficult to-
secure supplies Of serum and orders
for serum are usually not filled for D i"
considerable time. By placing advance,
orders, the veterinary department Of
the agricultural college is ~endcavoringIF
to secure a supply of serum. When-1'
ever it can secure such Il supply, the.%;
Serum will be furnished to those in
need of it at the cost of purchase,
that is z cents per C. g. AS all serum
Is sent to us c. o. d. and as only
a small fund Is available for this pur-
pose, the department is compelled TO
send out those supplies on d c. o. ID.
basis. ..', -
Owing to variations in potency, tile
department does not assume RESPONSE:
bility for the results of the serum
sent, it merely handling the material
as 1t comes from the manufacturer: d.
Whenever possible the injections Of
serum should be entrusted to expePi~:#
enced veterinarians and in making the.
injections the following points are !;
worth remembering. r-ss
Be s~crupulously clean in every dee 4
tall. Syringes should be either ~stefi@a5
lized by boiling In a weak soda 'soln-
ton or by rinsing with a hot s per
cent carbolic acid solution. The skin
at the point of incubation must be
thoroughly cieansed with a 2 per cent
solution of lysol, cFeolin or similar
antiseptic. ...-'z II. n
The inner side Of the thigh is the
place Of injection. inserting the
injection needle. deeply into the mus
cles of the ham. When in the heavier.
animals large quantities of serum arc
to be injected other places may be u
selected In addition to the one men,
toned. Among those we mention the
soft tissues behind the shoulders ana.
behind the ears. De not inject more
than thirty c. C. at any one place. asssa
voluminous injections at any given
places may encourage abscess fofma-
ton. .@
Do not underestimate the weight oil
the hogs to be treated as this would fg
result in short dosage. Regardless Of
what is stated on the label of the
serum bottle, we deem it prudent To
about forty c. C. serum for every
100 pounds of live hog, especially va.
IN the animals at or below that
weight. A set of scales is a vaIu-
able implement when treating hogs. ..
The smaller animals are best held