Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1913-06-27

The canes which have borne fruit
should always be removed soon after
the crop is harvested
II one wishes to grow the berries
without laying them down In winter
the young shoots should have the tops
ptnched ont of them when they are
about fifteen to twenty inches high.
Cuttings and Rooted Vines.
| IL cuttings are planted and the sup
ply is sufficient two in each place in
crease the chances of getting a full
stand. Should both cuttings grow one
OF them can easily be pulled up with
out inturing the other To protect the
cuttings from drying out plant them
SO that the top bud projects only a
tride above the ground.
IL rooted vines, either plain or graft
ed, are used the roots should be cut
back to three to four inches, depend
ing on their vigor. Only one cane of
the top should be left, and this should
be cut back to two or three good buds
Ii CRAFTS are used all scion roots and
all suckers should be carefully re-
moved.
During the first year after planting
no pruning or training is usually Civ.
en-, although II is perhaps good plan
with vigorous plants. especially If the |
season Is propitious. to rub off all ex-
cept the straightest and strongest of
the young shoots that start. The fol-
lowing winter the vines should be
pruned and staked before they start to
grow, the size of the stake used de-
pending on the method of training
adopted
By the third year all vines should
have erect. straight stems, with two
or more canes growing from the prin.
cipal part. out of which the head or
crown is to be formed and from which
the growth OF the vine is to be renew
ed from year to year.
To prune intelligently the age, size
and condition Of the plant, the location,
climate, soil and other features of its
environment and the principles gov
erning its life must be considered.
A statement of some of the more i'm
portant of these life principles follows:
The sap flows with greatest force to
The outer extremities: the more up
right a branch is the more sap flows
into 1t; the sap when abundant and &C. ,
tive produces wood; the more abundant ,
The flow of the sap the larger and later :
the fruit; the ascending sap grows
richer the farther it flows; checking 6
he flow Of the sap makes the plant :
bear earlier and produces more and :
'icher fruit The vine usually bears its
'ruit on new shoots growing from the
wood of the previous year. The time
or pruning Is in winter. when the :
lines are dormant. They should not
,e cut when frozen or while the sap is
lowing rapidly. Summer pruning is
on the young growth to regu- =
ate the quantity of fruit and the :,
hape of the plant. =
In pruning one or more of the follow :,
ng objects are usually accomplished: +,
'arts Of plants removed. renewed, pro- r,
noted or retarded; wounded and dis ~
ased plants cured; the shapes and hab- Il
Is of plants modified; the size and n
uantity of the fruit increased or di- !
the quality of the fruit Inn 4
roved; the. fruit made to ripen earlier !,
r later; a regular succession of fruit :,
ecured, and the spraying, training. -,
ultivation and gathering of the fruit IN
lcilitated. =,
Methods Used In Pruning. Y
There are various ways in which ut
lie objects Of pruning are accomplish. L
l. For instance, the growth and cd
ealth Of plant are promoted and the 'u
re of the fruit is increased (1l by re- al
owing all the diseased parts and suck 'h
s. (2I by shortening extended shoots,
de shoots and laterals, 49, by putting tn
bright the part whose rapid growth is 10
asired and "a by removing the fruit siI
ids or fruit. The plant is retarded in h
an
----.--N-au.~--ls-lu-zuzs - -