Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-05-16


Not more than two shoots should be
allowed to grow from each plant the
first year. The second and succeeding
years each hill Of the suckering kind
will produce great many shoots
Only four or FIVE of the strongest
should be allowed to develop.
The dropping sorts throw out their
shoots from the root near the crown
The treatment for the fjrst year Is simi.
tar to that for the suckering kinds
The second and succeeding years 6ve
or six canes may be allowed to develop
The canes which have borne fruit
J should always be removed soon after
the crop Is harvested
II one wishes to grow the berries
without laying them down in winter
the young shoots should have the tops
pinched ont OF them when they are
about fifteen to twenty inches high.
Laying them down In winttr u always
cheap insurance.
Varieties should be limited. Pests
and diseases are usually not present
or they are readily controlled.
Currants.
The currant must have moist. cool
soil. The best results are got on II
strong clay ioam Or even on stid
clay II 1t Is In u good state OF cuItiva-
ton. A cool northern exposure IL best.
and comparatively low. moist ground.
with some shade. will often be most
desirable. Planting among orchard
trees Is practicable.
A dozen plants will furnish sufficient
fruit for the ordinary family. They
should not be set out along fence rows
and allowed to grow up In weeds and
grass. Large quantities OF barnyard
manure should be worked into the site
before and after setting the plants.
Plants.
Currants can be grown from seed.
but the method Is not used except by
the plant breeder. Plants are usually
procured from nurserymen.
The plants used are grown from cut
tings OF the ripenpd wood or from lay.
erings. The cuttings are made from
the current seasons wood In August
or September after the leaves have
fallen. These are made seven or
eight inches long and are planted In
we'll prepared garden soil. with only
an inch above ground. four inches
apart. in rows three feet apart by
winter root growth will have started.
and IN the spring they will start or
and grow strongly. They should be
Kept we'll cultivated In the growing
season to conserve the moisture They
are sometimes planted when one year
old. but the best results will be OBJ
tanned by allowing them to grow for
two seasons before setting.
The branches may be rooted BY
bending them down and covering with
soil. leaving the tips exposed. After
one season they should be cut loose.
lifted and grown in nursery rows for
one season before being planted out
They are also layered successfully by
cutting OF the cIump. encouraging az
many young shoots as possible and
then mounding soil In and about them
to a height OF eight or ten inches.
Planting.
In large plantations the best plan u
the check system. Use single plant
to esta blish hill and plant 6 by feet
for best results. Where continuous
rows are used the plants should stand
81 or 4 by g feet.
Cultivation and Mulehino.
The currant must not be cultivated
deeply, for it Is q shallow rooted plant
The necessary moisture must be main-
tanned by continual surface cultivation
or by mulching.
Ashes. sawdust. straw and manure
are used for mulching. Hardwood
sawdust, II not worked into the soil. Is
probably the best Apply to depth
of several inches. Manure is good and
tends to keep supply Of plant food
always at hand The best method OF
mulching is to cOnfine the appiira don
to the hills and within the row. where
the continuous row IN used The space
bet ween the rows ia cultivated.
Pruning and Thinning.
The plants probably produce the best
fruit and the larger portion at It on
the two and three wear old wood.
In practical tieId culture four to
eight main stems are allowed to devel.
Oh. and a system OF renewing by cut.
ding ont the wood over three years old
ia followed. The greater part ut the
fruit Is borne near the base OF the
shoots. For this reason It ia advan.
tag-ous to nip back the growing shoots
In thu, summer season when they have
reached about eighteen inches.
Winter Protection.
CurrantS will usually De sufficiently
protected In the northwest II the
branches are simply gathered up and
tied in bundle.
Pests and Diseases.
The greatest pests Of the currant are
the currant worm. currant bOrer. leaf
spot and mildew. Directions for con.
trolling them may be obtained from
any agricultural experiment station.
Gooseberr,ss.
The gooseberry Is closely related to
the currant 1t is largely used green
for sauce. for pies and for canning.
For jam and preserves it IL usually
preferred ripe.
The cultivated sorts are derived
from European sources. the native
wild species and hybrids Of these spe-
cies. Those of European and hybrid
species are larger and heavier bearers.
but are more susceptible to mildew.
However. this once insuperabie foe u
now readily controlled BY proper meth.