davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
LITTLE RED SCHOOL
HOUSE &: DRAWS v BEST
Reports From North Carolin,
Tell of Draft By Cotton
Mills.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 4.-The lit
tie schoolhouse in the country draws
more children to it's doors than the
city school in a mill town.
The latest school reports for fifty
three districts in North Carolina, with
nearly $4,000 children Of school age,
show that in the mill towns only one
half of the children enroll in school;
in country districts three-fourths Of
the children enroll.
In two small mill districts the per-
centage of enrolment is as high as
the rural average, but still far below
the percentage in nine rural districts,
where more than nine-tenths of the
children are enrolled. North Caro-
lima has this year passed a law to
compel all children under twelve
years Of age to attend school.
The National Child Labor Commit
tee points out that so long as the
child labor law permits children Of
twelve to work in the mills, the new
school attendance law will not affect
the lower enrolment and school at
tendance in mill districts.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
Continued on Page 3.
CARPENTERS UNION
IN GOOD CONDITION
Secretary Duffy Reports Member
ship of 254, 4,474-Minnesota Has
3,421 Union Carpenters.

The local union of carpenters is in
receipt of the annual report Of Frank
Duffy, general secretary of the Uni
ted Brotherhood Of Carpenters and
Joiners of America. Mr.. Duffy's re-
port shows that the big union Is In a,
healthy condition.
At the close of business in July
there were in good standing, accord
ing to the report, 1908 local unions
with membership of 21S,794. The
number of members less than six
months in arrears was $3.50, making
the actual membership 254,474. The
union gained 22,795 members during
the fiscal year for which the report
is made.
New York state has the largest
number of union carpenters, with a
membership of 32,632. Illinois comes
next with 29,809 members. Massachu-
setts is third with 1874 members,
while California is fourth, having 15,-
824 union carpenters. Wisconsin and
Minnesota have nearly the same num-
Der of union carpenters, Minnesota
having S,421 and Wisconsin 1853.
The United Brotherhood of Car
penters and Joiners was organized in
1881 with a membership of 2,042.
During the last year but $51,311 was
expended on strikes. Most Of the
unions settled their differences by
conciliation and arbitration
The death and disability benefits
paid amounted during the year ia
$302,546.41. The International union
received during the year $675, 5,079.87
There is still a balance in the trea-
sury of s1S7,538.17. The union owns
b its own office building in Indianap-
oils. Surely this report ought to
q convince the most skeptical that this
is one trade union that is on the up
I grade.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
FARMERS AND LABOR
UNIONS join FORCES
Arkansas Trade, Labor, Railway
and Farmers Unions Unite
on Legislation.

LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Oct. A.
The project to unite the State FEEDER
alton of Labor with the State Farm
ers' union and railroad brotherhoods
upon a joint legislative policy, has
been generally approved by all local
lodges throughout the state, and it
is expected that a meeting will short
ly be called for the purpose of elect
ing officers Of the joint board and
otherwise establishing the organiza-
tion.
This is the most important move
ment upon the part of the farmers
and laboring men that has been in
augurated in many years, as it will
settled the question Of cooperation
between the organizations objected.
and also be the means of establishing
better method Of keeping the men,
bers Of all organizations fully in
formed, SO that they will be better
able to assist each other.
It is the intention Of the board to
have a state president and secretary
who will act as bureau Of reliable
information for all farmer and labor
organizations of the state.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
BIG TRUST INJURIES
TOBACCO GROWERS
American Tobacco Company Has
Pauperized Prosperous Town
In Tobacco Belt.

WARRINGTON, Oct. Am inde-
pendent tobacco buyer of Henderson,
KY, A. B. Jarvis, in testifying before
the joint tobacco commission, assert
ed that the Imperial Tobacco COM
pany, the so-called tobacco trust In
Kentucky, has pauperized the hither-
to prosperous towns in the tobacco
belt, and that not only the growers
were at the mercy of the trust, but
the warehouses in the towns have
rotted down or been burned, accident
ly or otherwise; that labor had as a
rule left the factories, and what few
factories were now in operation had
been rented by the trust at prices
fixed at its pleasure.
Jarvis further stated that he had
known the prices at which tobacco
in the Henderson district would sell
for and did sell for long in advance
of a pound being sold. Il believe
that the price Of our tobacco was
fixed by the representatives of the
Imperial company and Of the Italian
government at Richmond, Va, before
they began buying in Kentucky. I
have never seen the Imperial and the
Italian buyers compete for single
pound of tobacco"
It WIZ asserted that a semblance
only of competition was kept up by
the four companies into which the
American Tobacco company was
"diSSOlVed."
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
BLAMES WILSON FOR
". VA. CONSPIRACY

WASHINGTON, D. c., Oct. A.
The name of Secretary of Labor Will
son as one of the former leaders of
the alleged conspiracy to restrict the
output Of the West Virginia coal
fields in violation of the Sherman
antitrust law, was brought into the
case in the testimony of .. G. Ken
nedy before the senate investigating
committee today. ...
Kennedy Is secretary of the Kama
wha Coal Operators association and
was formerly an organizer for the
union in the New river field in West
Virginia. .>.g \. %.
"Mr. Wilson, then general secre-
tary of the United Mine Workers" !"
he said, Instructed US at confer
ence in Huntington in 1902 that the
West Virginia membership must
strike in order that the strike in
Pennsylvania might be won The
West Virginia miners were called
out" ~ ia- " q q II, 81
4 Kennedy said that he had never
known of a coal operator in the COM
peting fields contributing to the work
Of organizing the West Virginia min
ers. He insisted, however, that at
the joint conferences between oper-
ators and miners in the competing
states--Ohio, Indiana and Il Illinois
the operators always pointed to the
existence of nOnunion conditions and
a low wage cost in West Virginia. #
III He quoted from union reports to
show that $1ss. 900 was contributed
to the recent strike in the Cabin
creek nonunion ditions and & q low
az ware eo.t so.! s. Ws4t Visg9tgia Y II?
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
Continued ON Page 4.
MINIMUM WAGE FOR
OREGON WOMEN 1884
State Commission r Fixes Lowest
Wage for Which Women Are
Allowed to Work.

PORTLAND, Ore, Oct. 4.-After
Nov. 10 the minimum wage for wo-
men workers in Oregon will be 1854
for maximum week Of 81 hours.
The Welfare commission has made
this order under the law passed by
the last legislature.
The law under which the commits
sion was clothed with authority pro-
vides a penalty for violation of the
commissions ruling by a fine of not
less than $25 nor more than 500, or
imprisonment in the county Jail for
not less than ten days nor more than
three months, or by both fine and i'm
prisonment.
Any woman worker who is paid by
her employers less than the minimum m
wage to which she is entitled may
recover in a civil action the full
amount of the minimum wage, less
what she has already been paid, to-
gether with such attorney fees as may
he allowed by the court.
Any agreement to work at less than
the established minimum wage shall
be no defense in a court action. The
commissions order establishing the
minimum wage and conditions makes
provision for a lunch period for wo-
men employees in manufacturing
establishments in Portland of not less
than As minutes.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
AKRON AIMS To RUN
ITS STEE! RAILWAY
Another American City Tires Of
Street Railway Domination
and Profit Avarice.
SSON FOR DULUTH
- IN AKRON'S PROGRAM
Con- There Refused to Make
Ea Ions Just AS Local
System Has Done.

Another American city is going into
the street railway business-the city
of Akron, Ohio, which is famous as
the center of the rubber industry.
Akron plans to build lines into new
territory and for the next 10 years
compete with the local, privately
owned street railway company, the
Northern Ohio Traction & Light Co.
With the expiration then of the
Northern Ohio's franchise, it is
Akron's intention to take over the N.
O. It's entire system and operate it
as a municipal plant.
"The proposed municipal line is
to be a corporation not for profit, but
for SERVICE" Councilman James Shaw
said when he introduced $225,000
bond ordinance for building the first
of three lines in outlying districts to
be connected across town, east and
west and north and south.
To Regain City.
1T is a fight to regain possession
Of and control our own Streets" said
City Solicitor Taylor to the council.
The bond ordinance was passed on
Its first reading by the councils
unanimous vote, with every member
present. Only one voice was raised
against it, and that was the voice of
the mayor, Frank w. ROCKWELL, who
thinks it better for the people to wait
until the street railway company's
franchise epires rather than take a
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
LABEL ON CIGARS
MUST. TELL ORIGIN
Smokes Must Meet Full REQUIRE
quirements to Be Called
Pure Havana,

President Wilson signed q bill yes
terday which practically puts cigars
on the pure food" list Smokers who
enjoy a good Havana" cigar, will in
the future need only to look on the
label to ascertain whether the tobac-s
co employed In making the cigar Is
genuine imported Havana goods.
If the filler of the cigar is Porto
such as are palmed off on Duluth
smokers by two of our local whole
sale houses, or American or Porto
Rican goods with an imitation Havana
wrapper, it will be so stated on the
label. All real Havana goods will be
bonded by the government in a man
ner similar to whiskey goods.
The bill was introduced and pushed
by Representative Berriman. It pros
vides that all sigars sold in: the
United States shall bear a stamp to
indicate their character, origin of to-5
bacco from which made, and place of
manufacture.
It is believed that this new law will
be the severest blow ever dealt to the
American tobacco trust. Two very
popular brands of cigars that are ex-
tensively sold in Duluth through our
local jobbers, it is said by cigarmaks
ers who claim to know, are being sold
as Havana cigars, while as matter
Of fact they contain Porto Rican fill-a
ers and the only Havana goods in
them is in the wrapper.
These we'll known brands of cigars
are being sold as clear Havana"
goods. A good many smokers, while
they may believe they know when
they smoke Havana cigar, are
really deceived in them. Union
made cigars made in Duluth that are
sold as Havana goods, can be de-
pended upon to contain both Ha-.
vana filled and a Havana wrap pper-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
GERMANY REJECTS
BIG GENERAL STRIKE:

JENA, Germany, Oct. 4.-The
proposal to endorse the general strike
as an effective weapon against CAPT.
talism was rejected by the national
congress of the German Social-Demo-
cratic party by a vote of 240 to $50.
Edouard Bernstein and other oppo-
nents of the resolution referred to the
failure of the Swedish general strike
which resulted in a loss of half the
membership of the Swedish Social
Democratic party.
In reference to the recent general
strike in Belgium, Bernstein called
attention to the fact that it was in
significant in proportion to any pro-
posed strike in Germany, where be-
tween 2,50O,000 and 100000 labor.
ers must go on strike if there was
Ito be any hope of success. TO get
any such number to come out was
manifestly impossible.
Edouard David said he would vote
for general strike if it was possible
to secure a. reform in the Prussian
election law, but this was manifestlv
impossible, because in case of a strike
the 100000 Social al-Democrats would
be opposed by 100000 non-social-
lists, backed by the power of the DO
lice and the military
George Ledebour and DR.. Karl
Liebknecht demanded that the masses
be inspired with the idea of the gen.
eral strike in order that it might be
later used as a weapon against the
ruling class. MI @~, ID *.ssts..,: III.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
DEMOCRACY NEVER =. ::
~
GIVEN FAIR TRIAL |
DR.. Phelan in University Exten-
sion Lecture Shakes Faith
Of Patriots.
SAYS CONSTITUTION
Is NOT DEMOCRATIC
Federal Government Restricts
Human Liberty and Places
Premium Upon Property.

DR.. Raymond Phelan, of the State
University, lectured Tuesday fore
noon at the Y. w. c. A. on freedom
in the United tates. He spoke in
part as follows:
Democracy, in brief, is the philos-
ophy Of fair play in the pursuit Of
life. Healthy, law-abiding, intelli-
gent, moral, prosperous and happy
conditions Of life for all persons are
insisted upon by democracy. America
has always thought of itself as being
democratic; but it is decidedly more
hopeful and patriotic in the best sense
to suggest that American democracy
is just beginning.
"A bright man or woman some
times says, II am disgusted with
democracy. 1t is g. rank failure. "
And if democracy has been on trial
for century and a quarter and the
American conditions of today are the
results of such a trial, the conclusion
is inevitable, democracy must be a
failure.
Is Democracy ON Trial?
But has democracy been an trial
in this country? We usually think
of the Declaration Of Independence
with its proclamation of common
rights of life, liberty and the pursuit
of happiness as constituting you
might say the birth certificate of this
nation. This justly revered document
proclaimed the kind of nation its
trainers desired, but the conditions
of the time could not bring forth such
nation.
"The property qualifications for
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
WHERE CITY OWNED
LIGHT PLANT PAYS
OI-s=--.5a
Pasadena California, Puts Priv
ate Lighting Company Out
of Business.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
MEETS WITH SUCCESS
Private Monopoly Operating in
Several Cities in State Forced
to Treat All Alike. i.

The rates charged by privately
owned electric plants in many south
ern California towns are much lower
than the rates charged at other
points in the nation by privately
oWnedd plants.
1T is easily accounted for by the
fact that the light and power situa-
ton in all southern California, in.
Guiding Los Angeles, is controlled by
the Southern California Edison COM
pany, private monopoly. It used
to control the situation in Pasadena,
too, but the municipal plant has
about put them out of business in
that city, and it is to forestall NUM-
cipal plants in the other southern
california cities that the Edison COM
pany now gives such favorable rates.
so you see, one municipal plant,
conducted without thought of profit,
has benefited every community in
derful example of the advantage of
municipal over private ownership of
a public utility"
So writes Francis M, Elliott in ex-
planat1on of the unusually low cleo
trio light rates obtaining in the
southern california cities where priv
ate monopoly holds sway. Far from
attesting to the efficiency of private
monopoly, it but adds another argu-a
ment to the already overwhelming
array for municipal ownership.
Success of Pasadena Plant.
"One point wish to emphasize in
this matter is that it has been the
settledd policy Of the Pasadena plant
to produce light and power and to
distribute sam eat as near cost as
possible and that there has been no
effort to use the plant to produce a
proflt-or as tax collecting institu-.
ton, Pasadena manufacturers Juice
While the Edison company produce
their current with water power and
yet the private company cannot sue
cessfully compete with the municipal
plant. The municipal plant has
never had a deficit-that besides pro-
vld1ng an ample sinking fund to take
/ care Of interest and to -ul ltirnat tely pay
off the bonds voted when the plant
was established. It has set aside an
amount which in 20 years will build
and equip new plant, that period
Of time being the estimated life of
the present plant. This fund is Great
ed by charging off certain amount
year by year to depreciation In
addition to all this there has been a
comfortable surplus at the end of
each year, even i nthe face of con-
stantly decreasing rates.
City Plant Well Managed,
Much of the success of, this en-
terpr1se has been due to the faithful
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
DARRON CHAMPIONS
UNION LABOR CAUSE
Great Labor Lawyer Please Du-
luth Audience With b
liant Lecture. y.
DEFENDS UNION SHOP =.
AND ORGANIZED LABOR
Compares Unions With Associa-
tions of Professional Men.
Sees Into the Future.

If the business of the world was
done under the Golden Rule there
would be no need for unions. But the
law of industry is the law of the tooth
and fang, the law of the jungle. The
laws of equity have no relation to
modern industrial conditions" said
Clarence S. Darrow, in his address on
The Labor Problem" to a large
audience at the at the auditorium
audience at the auditorium Monday
evening"
THE corporation lawyer gets $685.,
900 and an elevator man gets $500.
The trouble with this condition is not
that the lawyer thinks it is right but
that the elevator man thinks it is
right"
Mr.. Darrow then digressed to tell
about lawyers-doing so in partly
serious, partly humorous manner.
I'VE lawyers are a great bunch. Most
of the presidents have been lawyers.
All of our United States senators are
lawyers, excepting when the boss goes
there himself instead of sending his
lawyer. Our congressman, governors,
and legislators are lawyers and hold
most of the jobs above the rank Of
pOllce1ldIl, ana tHey OOn take tlldL
because they might muss their clothes.
The lawyers make the laws, and
then the judges-who were once law
yers-interpret them. That's why the
laws are 50 rotten.
I'VE lawyers have a union. You've
got to go through high school and
then a law school to be a lawyer. This
isn't so much because it needs edu-
cation to decide the right and wrong
about the ownership of cow or
horse, as to prevent the number of
lawyers from becoming too great.
"Similarly we find the lawyers and
the ministers in unions of their own.
A minister has to go through college
and spend several years on top of that
in a theological seminary before he
can save a soul.
">= AN Have Unaons. - ::s2 @2
THE fact is that we all have unions
and there is no fuss made about them,
excepting in the case Of labor unions.
The bankers, and the manufac-
turers can combine into their unions,
or trusts, or whatever they may
choose to call the organization and
nothing is said about it, but when the
workers combine, then it becomes a
criminal conspiracy that should be
put down.
II shall now take up a discussion
of the open and closed shop in the
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
CITY SHOULD APPOINT COMMISSION
TO INVESTIGATE MICHIGAN STREET

issued statement
Hd$3
e
a Mr. simmons w HI is anin aboutH is samniaw
ph is OF other of
o about
in
by will meth onrt Mr.
the sapdna cmmit of tinvsug
ophs If
from to
nc ht tsben ssadmm
GENT men,
guilty O III charged them by
n 1t e the thin they want
it
it its cmmiao
un1a hpih
all pshah pod ha been charging this
h there
We alb hnet in within
of such h ggeg
are will time in hay
o n of the
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If b wiped out o nd
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h o o hd IN And
OF the merc
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
TA1LoRs, ORGANIZER HERE.

I. ]. Erickson OF Madison. Wis.
special organizer for the Custom Tall
sors union OF North America, is in Du-
luth. During the week he succeeded
In securing Is new members for the
local union and signed up one tailor
shop for the union labal
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1913-10-04
WISCONSIN ORGANIZER HERE

+ John Rae, business agent of the La
Crosse Trades and Labor Assembly,
and a prominent member of the
journeymen horseshoer's union was q
visitor in the city yesterday. Mr.,
Rae is returning from his vacation
which he spent in the northern por.
.>.'.en Of the state.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1913-03-31
WHY HE'S RICH.

A president of great corporation in
Chicago which employs several thous-
and girls, testified before the Illinois
vice commission that s. week is
enough for girl to live on at home,
and IS is enough if she is dependent
wholly upon herself This IS week,
according to experts leaves a little
more than dollar for luxuries,
amusements and possible doctors
bills.
The house of which this man is
president earned profit of $7,000,0O0
in 1911 and had s12 100000 surplus at
the close of the year in 1912. 1t is
said that this same president has given
large contributions to charity organi-
cations.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1913-03-31
4 JUVENILE COURT.

The Legislature has extended the
power to organize juvenile courts to
all counties of the state A move
ment is to be started in Columbia to
establish one. The value of the juve-
nile court lies in the fact that it gives
a chance to reform the childish Of
fender.
Most boys and girls who violate
laws are neglected in the home. Some
have inherited criminal tendencies
In either case a court that aims at
reform and not punishment can deal
more wisely and efficiently with the
young offender than a court that has
no duty other than to acquit and dis
charge or convict and sentence.
In a report of a social survey of Co
lumbia the Charity Organization So
clety says there are one hundred
children neglected and living i'm
homes where they have no chance
for moral training. 1t is from such
homes as these that the criminal
class in being thrust into society. 1t
is the irresponsible parent that causes
the first offense of the child.
With a Juvenile court here the
city would have chance to reclaim
its youthful delinquents. A probation
officer would be placed in charge of
those who are first offenders. Pun
ishments would be administered with
the aim of preventing further offense
The same progressiveness that has
characterized Columbia in the past
should lead to the establishment of a
Juvenile court here.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1913-03-31
WHY on NINTH STREET!

A few of Columbia's old-time step
ping stones are left and these are on
the streets leading to the University.
It's bad enough 10 have them where
many persons cross every day, but
worse when everyone who comes to
Columbia to see the University has to
go over them.
Strangers don't know that many
other crossings are made by paved
streets. Ninth street above all others
should have modern crossings.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1913-03-31
An UP-TO.DATE PRESSROOM.

The New York Times, a paper that
won its success on the motto: "All the
news that's fit TO print" has just
opened its new pressroom Ii is
probably the greatest pressroom in
the world from the standpoint of size,
speed, safety and convenience.
There are five Hoe presses with a
capacity Of $4,000 1G-page papers an
hour. 1t takes more than a ton of
paper minute TO feed these machines
The presses will print both sides
Of a ribbon paper. two pages wide,
at the rate of 12ia miles a minute,
or 750 miles an hour. In 80 hours
these presses will print ribbon of
paper two pages wide and $4,000
miles long enough 10 20 around the
entire world.
These presses are hot stopped to
put on fresh rolls Of paper. The rolls
are carried on a reel and when one
roll is used the pressman slaps on
the pasted end Of the next roll. Each
Of the presses is 81 feet long, feet
wide and l. feet inches high. and