davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

were 32,193 prisoners penned IN that dread area
the greatest number at any one time The first
death occurred February 81, 1864; the last. April
20, 1865. In that short period there was a total
OF l2.sl2-a mortality OF % per cent. In the
mer OF 1866 a force OF men, under Capt James
Moore, we're sent to Andersonville to inclose the
grounds and provide headboards for each grave
They were able to identify 2,461 OF the graves
leaving only AL unknown" The worldfamous
nurse, Clara Barton, accompanied this exped-
ton, and wrote report vivid that the reader
cannot avoid the impression that he is viewing
the scenes she describes.
Immediately after the war the work OF formally
establishing national cemeteries in places where
Union soldiers and sailors were buried proceeded
rapidly. The last such cemetery to be estab-
lished was that at Greenville, Tenn. provided for
by an act OF congress approved June r. 1906.
This cemetery contains the tomb of former Pres.
ident Johnson and only ten others, though it has
an area OF fifteen acres
The eighty-four national cemeteries are divided
according to Importance into twentysix first
class, twenty second class, sixteen third class
and twenty-five fourth class cemeteries. Those
in the first class include Arlington Andersonville
Antietam. Chalmette, Chattanooga, Nashville. Cor
NTH, Gettysburg Fredericksbu jefferson Bar
racks, Shiloh and Vcksburg In the number OF
interments that at Arlington stands first That
at Nicksburg is second The Nashville cemetery
is third
Arlington, is generally known formerly be-
longed to the wife of Gen. Robert f. Lee Mrs
Lee was daughter OF George Washington Parke
Custis, who was a grandson of Martha Washing
ton. The stately mansion whose classic columns
have been seen by most visitors TO Washington
city was inherited by her, and at the outbreak OF
the Civil war It was the Lee home. Lee then a
colonel In the United States army wrote his
resignation there April 20, 1861 Two days later
he quit his beautiful home forever TO accept
command In the military forces of his state In
1864 the estate sold for taxes by the 'rump'
Union government of Virginia, and was bought
by the national government. which set II apart
a cemetery. After the war Lee considered
making attempt to regain the property but
finally decided that the time was not ripe Sub.
sequently a brought suit to recover on the
ground that the estate had been illegally sold
After long litigation he established his claim,
but reconveyed HIS rights to the United States
for $4,000.
Overlooking II does the Potomac and the
capital a more beautiful spot could scarcely be
imagined. Magnificent old oaks shade its glades
and knolls, and art has perfected what nature
left undone. The cemetery contains the tombs OF
Logan, Sheridan. Lawton and other noted gen
erals but the most famous monument is that to
2,111 unknown dead gathered from the fields OF
Bull Run and the route to the Rappahannock
AS the inscription states their remains could
not be identified but their names and deaths are
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
CONSIDER ONLY DUTY
LABRADOR PHYSICIANS NEVER
FLINCH FROM DANGER.
Answering Call at Night Seems Hard.
Ship to Doctors in Civilized coun-
tries, bot Read These Expert
ences in the North.

An urgent call in Labrador means
not only inconvenience and hardship
TO the doctor and his sledge drivers,
but actual danger. Nevertheless, no
one ever fiinches from his duty DR..
q. h. Hutton tells of one such call.
On bitterly cold and stormy night
the message came from the mission
airy at Hebron, II miles away: Come,
my people are dying" 1t was an ur-
gent call and there must be no delay
Quickly the dogs were harnessed TO
the sledge, the Eskimo drivers were
in place; everything was ready.
1t was pitchy black when we
started. A raw air came moaning
from the east; it chilled us through
our sealskins and made our cheeks
and noses ache. When | tried to
warm my stiffening toes by an occa-
slonal trot alongside the sledge | kept
stumbling over. jagged points of ice
until one of the men shouted: "Sit
still, or We shall be losing you!"
After that | sat still and hoped for
morning. For two solid hours the
agony went on, and then faint glim-
mer OF gray began TO show in the
east; it changed TO a dull red. sullen
and lurid in the morning haze, and we
began to see the wide stretch OF
white ice beside us, and a black and
AWFUL sea ahead Of us. The ice in the
bay had broken with the storm!
There is no road" the men said;
tho inn 10 oil hroIyn, A.
headland. Let us turn homeward."
Il know a track over the headland."
said Johannes. Let me see if we can
do it,"
He walked along the ice at the foot
OF the rocks, now standing for a mo-
ment, now running few steps; he
came back presently and said: 1--WE
can do it,"
| think that of all my memories OF
Labrador, the most vivid is the mem
DRY of that race along the fringe OF
ice at the foot of the cliffs. On the
left the wall OF rock rose steep; on
the right the black water churned and
tumbled and ground the floating ice
pans together; beneath us the thick
sea ice rocked and heaved, and here
and there the water came swirling
through.
sit tight, sit Tight" said the
drivers, and there we sat, bowling
along over the heavy ice. Sometimes
one OF the men pushed out a leg to
guide the sledge around a bend, or
to check its speed. At the place
where the guide led us to the head
land the ice was broken away from
the rock, and was rising and falling
with the swell. One moment 1t came
grooming up to the level OF the land;
the next it sank away again. The
dogs went scrambling over, glad TO
get on to something firm; but the driv-
ers held the sledge back until the ice |
began to rise, and then with a yell |
they started the dogs again, and |
bumped across the crack just as it |
came up level. A second too soon or
too late would have meant smashing
The front OF the sledge to splinters.
Finally, in the dark OF night, we
got to Hebron-71 miles over sea ice
and snow-covered hills.-"Among the
tskimos of Labrador"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Material for Matches.

The body contains nearly two
pounds Of phoephorus-enough really,
IL extracted, to make about 5000
packages OF friction matches. This
phosphorus is claimed by scientists
to be essential to our health and vigor.
Our bones are much stronger and
break less easily for it's existence.
and our minds are much keener and
able to work more rapidly and clever
ly than they could without II. Besides
phosphorus our body holds a number
II ounces OF sodium and nearly three
fourths OF an ounce OF potassium
lutte enough of the latter to conduct
a good many classes in experimental
chemistry at a good-sized university.
We are also carrying about with us
quite few grains of magnesium. IL
we turned It all into use we could
make splendid 'silver rain for our
family on the fourth of July evening.
or we could create brilliant light so
strong that 1t could be seen and adj
mired for a considerable distance.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

battle with the Sioux, June %, 1f76 is known to
every one The 266 dead, inclbhIng those who
fell under Reno and Benteen wave buried where
they fell the bodies in most instances being found
naked and shockingly mutilat~f. Subsequently
the bodies taken up an~ -eburied In
square to the east OF The peeesnt monument
Near by are buried the men who fell at the Fort
Kearny massacre in 1866 and those killed by the
Sioux at old Fort Smith year or two later. Sew
eral soldiers who died in the Philippines and
veterans of the civil have likewise found
last resting place there. that the interments
in the cemetery now total upward OF 1900
The smallest national cemetery is that at Balls
Bluff Va II is on the site OF the battlefield OF
that name II is only fifty feet SQUARE and over
looks the upper Potomac II coutasos the graves
OF known and twenty-four unkneTu soldiers.
The only national cemetery cutsitv the limits
OF the United States Is that in the csiy Of Mex
too. IL established in 1851, threa years after
the close OF the Mexican war, and contains the
bodies OF $40 known and $50 unknown dead-men
who lost their lives in carrying the Stars and
Stripes to the halls OF the Montezumas 1t has
Of two acres. and is the only national
cemetery established prior to the Civil
OF the $4,000 soldiers and sailors Inferred in
the national cemeteries the graves of $4,000 are
marked unknown" More than 5000 Of the total
the bodies OF Confederates.
Under the sod and the dew
Waiting the judgment day;
Under the roses. the Blue,
Under the lilies. the Gray
Soldiers of the Revolution. of the War of 1872
of the Mexican war, OF the Civil war, OF the war
with Spain. and OF many minor conflicts-all
have found final resting place in the national
cemeteries. special disinterring corps has
been maintained by the government for bringing
home the bodies of soldiers who died in Cuba
and the Philippines In 1908, for example 147
bodies brought home from the Philippines,
OF which number ninetythree were delivered to
friends relatives. while the rest rein
TERED In national cemeteries. For every soldier
or sailor buried in such a cemetery the govern
ment which he served furnishes headstone and
footstone, unless relatives friends erect some
thing more elaborate
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Generous Reformer.

Miss Augusta De Peyster is a
charming young lady of Knicker-
booker descent who does noble mis-
sionary work among New York's float
ing sailor population.
Miss De Pedsters work is unique in
that she believes in helping the sailor.
no matter how prodigal or dissipated
or nonconformng he may be. She
also believes in very generous, very
liberal type OF charity.
Often her views are expressed In
epigrams, as:
Don't scold a reprobate. for men
are like eggs-left in hot water they
harden"
Or again:
AS long as virtue is its own re-
ward. it is apt to be spasmodic."
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

is small dried beans/a and maize with
water that contains iron. Beechnuts
and buckwheat are sometimes given
just before a race to impart extra
strength for the flight.
Training begins when birds are
three or four months old. They are
placed in baskets, taken mile or so
from home, and liberated. A few days
later the process is repeated at a
greater distance, and so on in success
sive stages. until bird hies homeward
100 miles or more. Al FIVE months.
II viii fy 900 miles In ten hours. A
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Debating to Women.

Women. according to an edict in the
Chinese government, are to wear Eu'
ropean hats, but otherwise retain their
customary dress. with certain modifica'
lions. 1t is prophesied that there will
be revolt at the edict. because women
in China as elsewhere, have grown
weary of having men undertake to de.
eide for them in matters Of dress, mat
ters OF food, matters OF morals and
matters of government.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

silk threads to the upper part OF the
tail feathers.
The modern French carrier pigeon
is a cross between the biset and the
Belgian traveller" The prevailing
type is large. with a long body, head,
neck, and beak. The female lays two
eggs at time. from which are usual
ly Matched male and a female. In
cubation lasts eighteen days. and both
parents share In the process of up
bringing. Birds chosen for races are
fed on wheat. but when they are to
be put to tests of endurance their diet
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
VIII Get Bid of Felon.

To cure a felon' take common salt
as used for sailing pork or beef dry
in the oven, pound fine, mix with
equal parts of spirits of turpentine
put in a cloth and wrap around the
affected part, AS 1t gets dry put on
more. Twenty-four hours of this
treatment will kill the felon.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
GuesR.

They were newsboys and had
strayed into the art museum. AT the
moment they were standing before the
Winged Victory OF Samothrace.
Say. Bill. what's that?" asked one
OF them in an awed whisper.
Jaw, l dunno" replied the other.
Some saint wild his block knocked
off. Christian Register.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
SILL USE CARRIER PIGEONS
French Military Authorities Train
Birds to Carry Messages as They
Did In the Past.

A military pigeon system is still
maintained in France. owing TO the
success of experiments made during
the siege of Paris, when. of 3O2 car
rfers liberated from balloons. 70 re-
turned safely. These birds bore mes
sages photographed on collodion In
closed In goose quilts. attached by
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

pigeon. however. is not at it's best until
1t Is four or Eve years old. when Il
can easily cover 900 or 700 miles. The
average speed of good carrier is 20
miles an hour. and the height at which
1t dies is from $50 to 500 feet The
price varies from 81 for an ordinary
specimen to $3.50 and more for prize
winner.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

recorded in the archives of their
country. and it's gfStetnl citizens
honor them as OF their noble army
of martyrs"
On fame's eternal campfsg ground
Their silent tents are spraad.
And glory guards, wit& sisnmn
round,
The bivousd OF the dead
1t is only when one stands Ne-
fore this monument and looSs
about at the thousands OF littlk
headstones cleaning white against
the greensward that he realizes 10
the full the price that some men
have paid for their country.
One OF the most interesting ma
tional cemeteries is that on Gus
tiers battlefield in Montana. Tho
story Of how the dashlng, yellow
haired young major general and
every man OF five companies OF the
Cavantb cavalry fONt their lives in
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
The IJsuaI v.Iuah,ss

The Usual ValusbIes
We'll. you cool when the FIRE broke
outs"
oh yes"
Save anything valuable?"
Saved a postage stamp and two scent
cigars"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Similar.

Bacon-Huxley said that an oyster
is as complicated as a watch.
Egbert-Well. know both OF them
run down easily.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Not a Stem wInder.

Inqusitive Passenger-And what IL that Gu
rious thing you carrying?
Sailor with winch-crank)-This mum? It's
the crank what they use for winding up the dog
watch.-Judge.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

II your arm was long enough to
touch the sun and burn your fingers.
you would not feel the pain for s,7s2
years.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

Red Cross Ball Blue gives double value
for your money. goes twice as far as any
other. Ask your grocer. Adv.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Looks Like IL.

us he man OF mettle?"
well, he is credited with iron
nerve. a grip of steel and a heart OF
gold"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
Tho Other Place.

II have regular old family
knocker on my front door,"
We've got one inside"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22
important 20 Mothers

Examine carefully every bottle Of
CASTORIA, a safe and sure remedy for
infants and children, and see that 1t
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22


their great generals. but are usually content to
allOt only the hasty trench or ditch TO the
mon soldier. The bones OF British soldiers. for
example are scattered the world around. Says
Klpling:
Walk wide O. the Widow at Windsor
For alf o. creation she owns;
We ave bought 'er the same with the sword an
the fame,
An we've sailed it down with bones
Poor beggars! It's blue with bonesD
TO this rule OF Indifference as to the final rest
Sng place Of obscure heroes the United States
forms a shining and honorable exception There
are today eighty-four national cemeteries. which
contain the graves of over 400 900 American sol
dlers and sailors. These cemeteries are among
the grandest and lovelest Gods acres" in the
world They are lavishly adorned by nature and
art and guarded by the starry flag. Treasure
has been expended upon them without stint and
they are cared for by large corps Of superin-
tendents, Overseers and gardeners.
The national cemeteries mainly result OF
che Civil war In September 1851 the secretary
OF war by general order directed accurate and
permanent records TO be kept Of deceased sol
diers and their places of burial The work was
assigned to the quartermaster generals depart
ment That department already had charge of
che burial of officers and soldiers. but its care
had ordinarily ended with the drifting smoke OF
the guns that were discharged over their graves.
BY act OF July II, 1862, congress empowered the
president TO purchase cemetery grounds to be
used for the burial of Soldiers who shall die
fu the service of their country" Such was the
Intensity of the great that for some time
action taken under the law
Following the battle OF Gettysburg Governor
Curtin Of Pennsylvania inaugurated a movement
whereby several states purchased seventeen
acres of ground embracing the center of the
Union line and caused to be reburied there the
bodies of the soldiers who had been buried out
side this area. The cemetery was dedicated by
Lincoln November 10 1868, In that perfect tribute
TO the honored dead" who there gave the last
full measure OF devotion" The cemetery was
subsequently taken over by the nation
The cemeteries at Antietam, Murfreesboro,
Chattanooga and other places were begun like
wise by states or by federal troops acting under
orders OF their commanders. That at Chatta-
nooga largely the result of the activity OF
Gen. George II. Thomas. in charge OF the depart.
ment It is related that when the work OF rein
terring the dead was proceeding a question arose
as to whether they should be buried together ac-
cording 70 the states from which they came.
we have heard enough about states and states
rights lately" said Thomas who though a Vir-
gtnian had remained loyal TO the Union Let us
mix them up and nationalist them a little"
Other cemeteries sprang up by mere accumu-
lation OF interments about military centers hos.
pitfalls prisons, etc. At Andersonve, for exam.
pie. the dead buried by parties OF their
comrades. who. Notwithstanding the horrors of
records. and even erected many rude headboards
fined at Andersonville In August. 1864 there
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1913-05-22

Do you realize the fact that thousands
of women are now using
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19

East Lakeland Mission.
Sunday school At 3 p. N. q. A.
Milton, superinten dent. Prayer
meeting Thursday at Z p. n
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
Noted Singer Appears at
The ChautauQua Tonight.

Tonight ChautauquanS Will nav"
the pleasure of hearing one OF th'
finest singers in the country. MADAME
Grace Hall Riheldaffer. OF Mamt
Rihedaffcr the PittsburS Time"
says:
An audience which filled the spa
cious Exposition Music hall to over
flowing and practically all the seats
on the stage, greeted Walter DAM
rosch and the New York symphony
orchestra and the sOloist. Grace Hall
Riheldaffer, soprano, last evening.
The work OF Grace Hall Riheldaffer
was a delight. Her voice could DC
distinctly heard in the rear OF tn"
hall even in pianissimO passages and
her diction was excellent She sang
"Die Lorelei" with the orchestra and
SO insistent was the applause that
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19

she was forced to respond. singing
the Moszkowski Serenata Ncig'
dich % Maid with great delicacy.'
Madame Riheldaffer also appeared
in Washington In the Messiah and
OF her work the Washington Times
says:
Madame Grace Hall Riheldaffcr,
the soprano, a stranger to the ma
tional capitol, was q most agreeable
surprise. Her voice has a brilliant
quality and carries wonderfully
well. Notwithstanding the decided
ly defective acoustic character of
the big hall every note OF that voice,
even to the pianissimo, was heard
clearly at the farthest point from
the stage. The artistic was especi-
ally effective in Come Unto Him"
and achieved a genuine triumph
with II Know That My Rcdeemer
Liveth."
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.
Corner Florida avenue end Bay S,
The Rev. william Dudley NOwlin
ID. D., pastor.
Sunday school 9:46 .. n.
Preaching Sunday at IL .. %. apC
1915 p. m
Weekly prayermeeting "Wednesday
evening at 7:3C.
Woman's Missionary and Aid 50
ciety Monday $3.50 p. N
Baptist Young Peoples Meeting
at 6:l6 p. N.
Regular monthly business meetin,
2rst Wednesday ut 1880 p. n.
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
|sehi0nis Fad!ei!es
coGSd8

lar is in fashion.
F. ss OF velvet are
( srt is a feature OF
j ashes OF roses is
inc come first for
: .y is the colored
81 mlff.
= tailored suits are
p1 .rns.
. or.. bouquet is a com
:, n r.i berries.
:, - saail har and the large mum
f.ucy this season
.,.,v,. ..re used as trimming
-. ,asl IL evening gowns.
-, n 7r-les are worn over
-, t-oeis of velvet and cloth.
"a - .h!e with the smart Rus
So. which is SO becoming to
: s'.r al figure, is the extremely
:. Nay coat and the short
habitbasqued Louis
, cs.
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
I'M DREAMING OF YOU.
! IN dreaming of you and the roses
And songbirds and skies of blue

! IN dreaming of you and the roses
And songbirds and skies of blue.
I'm dreaming of walks
And moonlight talks
While roaming along with yOn.
, II longing for the days that are
sunny,
When trees their bright earhs re-
new;
When purling streams
Are full OF dreams
And lovers hearts beat true
I'm dreaming Of you and the roses
That grow by your window there,
You with your eyes
Where lovelight lies;
You with your eOld-brOwn hair
m signing for days of blossom
And nights like We often knew.
While bright Goals CLEAN
Tonight dream
OF the roses. dear. and YOU.
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
The Colonial Dinner Has Been
Postponed Until Feb. q.

On account Of the ChautauQua, the
Queen Esther circle. announce that
they will not hold their Colonial din
rer on Saturday, Feb. -, hut have
postponed II until Thursday, Feb
~. On this date they will civ" a
dinner in some downtown store. 70
which they cordially invite the pub
lie.
The Lakeland evening telegram., 1913-02-19
Have You Any Books for
The WOnaus Club Library !

1t will hn remembered that on the
occasion of tie New Years reccp-
ton and book shower, given by the
Nomau's club, that the weathcr
was very inclemrn, and that a large
Number OF people were deferred from
attending. Mrs. G. A Cole chair
man Of the library committee, wishes
1t announced that any Of those who
were planning to attend and who
had books which they wished to do
nate will confer a great favor upon
the club il they will either leave
their donations at Cole & Hulls
Jewelry store or phone Mrs. Cole and
she will gladly have them called for.
Miss Ethel Roosevelt Engaged.
According to a dispatch from New
York yesterday friends OF the ROOsc-
,clts learned that Ethel, second
daughter of the former president
and Mrs. Roosevelt, is engaged to
wed DR.. Richard Derby. son of the
late DR.. r. II. Derby.
Miss Roosevelt, who holds the dis
tlncton Of having spent more years
in the White House than any young
girl before her, made her debut in
society at a ball in the White House
ia December, 1909.
She is 81 years old, seven years
younger than her half-sister. Mrs.
Nicholas Longwortn.
DR.. Derby is graduate OF lIar-
ward, class of 1903. and is a young
and successful physician In this city.
His father was well-known eye
specialist, a graduate Of Harvard In
1867, and whose death occurred on
July 1. 1907, at his summer place at
Dark Harbor, Me.