davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1913-05-01

FOUND-The best advertising bedium
in the northern part of the state
The Times.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1913-05-01

TIMES WANT ADS ARE FOR
SERvICE-To your
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03

portant point in any breeding opera.
ton. Milk production, pork o. beef OF
wool is secondary and incidental. II
the dairy cattle breeder undertakes to
build a herd or performance records
and pedigrees alone. he will o have
small, high strung, i'll shaped, weak
constitutional animals which may in.
dividually produce largely at the pail,
but whose progeny will have little OF
no value.
The great performance records which
have been made by individual cows of
all Of the recognized dairy breeds are
interesting scientifically and highly
valuable in advertising the merit Of
these breeds. but If these records have
been made at the expense Of the vitali-
u and robust constitution of the ami
mails and especially of the calves they
have no permanent value. The first
object to be sought by the breeder
who would improve the quality of his
chosen breed and who proposes to re-
main in the business should be to
breed for constitution. vitality and re-
productive powers: second. for milk
production, and this must always re-
main a secondary consideration IL any
real advance Is made toward perfect
ing the breed. a...' ..als ..i.-
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
Feed the Young Stock.

Instead of being a waste to feed
young stock literally it IL just the op-
posite. The young animal is growing.
and every mouthful he can assimilate
adds to his weight and increases the
value of the feed. Feed in the form of
baby beef or pork is worth q great deal
more than 1t is in the stack or crib
and Is much more readily salable. II
only a maintenance ration Is fed to the
young animal and he is ''roughed
through" the winter he has been stard-
ing still instead Of growing In value.
and the feed has been deteriorating
with age. and there Is q loss both
ways. We get no returns from the
feed that Is consumed. On the other
hand, il the animal is we'll fed be pays
more for the feed than the dealer
would give. he makes the most rapid
gain that a be made at any period OF
his life. and he enriches the soil.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
MAKING THE DAIRY
FARM PROFITABLE

The man who would make milk farm
ing profitable will select the dairy bred
herd for his machinery. 1t does not
matter what breed he chooses. as TINS
may be left to personal preference anu
TO the conditions Of his business. but
there Is one fact which must remain
prominent in his mind. and that Is that
be must buy animals Of the diiry type
or he cannot succeed. says the Kansas
Farmer. Having done this. he will test
the animals to prove the individual Gu
pacity and weed III those which are
Improbable. The question Of proht
does not depend entirely upon produc'
tion. If production alone were to gov
ern breeding operations the selection
Of animals could be safely based upon
performance pediglees and records.
This. however, would result in the sure
destruction of the breed.
The man who goes into the dairy cat
tie business should have as his first
object the reproduction of the animals
Of the breed which he has selected.
The secondary consideration should be
the production of milk. This point can.
not be too strongly emphasized. Repro.
duction of the species is the vitality Inn.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
WHAT SHOWS THE STUFF THAT'S
IN THE BOY.

The country boy or town boy who all
too soon will have to be making his
own way should be encouraged in ev-
cry way possible to continue al long
as he will In school. Somehow the
writer has the notion that in a ma
jority Of cases, II a boy musters energy
and initiative enough to finish a high
school course, he has surmounted the
most discouraging period Of his school.
ing and will be more likely. having
achieved thus much. to go on and at
himself still further for some useful
work in the world. Ii he gives up
much before this time it seems to be
q sort OF indication Of a lack of gump-
tion and initiative. and II this be the
case he is at once. as it were. predes-
tined to do just the common work Of
the world. which. though honorable
enough in itself, Is not as honorable az
1t would be il the one engaged in it
were not capable of doing work Of .
higher grade.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
A PEST OF RAaalra.

Notwithstanding the fact that the
government of Australia has co-operat.
ed extensively with landowners in a
campaign having In view an extermi-
nation Of the rabbit pest, the rodents
seem to be on the increase. Some two
or three years n"o a rabbit tight woven
wire fence was built across the cont.
nent at heavy cost in order to prevent
a spread of the rabbits, and today the
government sells wire fencing at cost.
Some idea Of the prevalence Of the
pest may be got from the figures. which
show that lO.3SS.716 pounds Of rabbit
and hare skins we're exported in 1911
from New South Wales alone.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
Profit In Fall Pios.

An Ohio farmer who has had the ex-
perience which teaches him that there
Ia money to be made with fall Alters
gives results with two Duroc,Jersey
SOW and their fall filters. These sows
narrowed Aug. 80 and Sept. / thirteen
and eleven pigs and raised u and
nine. respectively. The feed TN con
sumed. counting from the time the
sows were bred until the oGsprine
were sold, May "a. Mi, was as follows:
Pasture, $500: tAnkaA 412.25; ground
wheat, $3.50: sk1mmllk, g; linseed
meal. 81; soy bsanA q: loe bushels
OF corn. $685.. Tetal cost. $1oO.5O.
When they sold they weighed
1928 pounds. He received Sc Der hun
dred weight for them. or $22223 80. max
Ing sos profit. or 50 cents Der bushei
for corn consumed.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
.MAxrMs.

f'oney spent Tor the %eonstrue.
ito , Of permanent rosds ; IN in.
W ;msnt and not . tax.
As,ntsnance . more important
the construction Just now.
Every township should own .
rca- roller. #"
A heap road 10 the most OK.
pens,vs road. ..
Thsre 10 no Improvement -
necessary 70 the prosperity OF the
nation ~ the bettsrmsnt Of our
public roads.
Quick communication and
cheaper transportation over al
wagon roads are demanded BY
everybody.
The most vital question now 10
hon to get better roads.
No internal improvement 10 30
essential a. public roads.
The road 10 the connecting link
Of civilization.
The basis Of al transportation
10 the wagon road.
Maintenance must not be over.
looked.-eetter Roads.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
GOOD ROADS WOULD SAVE
$250.Oo0,000 FOR FARMERS
That Much Wasted In Crop Hauiaa,
In Record Year.

]. L. Pennybaker. Jr.. executive sN'
rotary of the American road congress
makes the assertion that $3.50 O.ON
would ~ saved in the cost of haulin.
this years record breaking crops if u
per cent IT our public highways were
improved. thus reducing the cost Vi
horse hauIage and permitting an extern
sive use Of motor trucks.
At the present time only abont
per cent Of American highways can he
classed as improved. The main objecr
Of the American road congress is to sc
influence public opinion that the nun
Der Of miles of improved highways viii
be rapidly increased in the next few
years. Interesting figures and Stats
tics have been compiled to proved the
economic advantages Of improved high
ways.
1.-THE governments prediction tina
the crop now being harvested will ex
coed any previous years YIELD" said
Nj: Pennybaker. should serve to cal
attention to the great losses that are
being sustained by farmers and o
sumers in the hauling Of crops. 1t Is
estimated that the improvement of the
main roads of this country. approx
mately 20 per cent. would result in an
annual saving Of al least $3.50. 1000 OC
In the cost of hauling alone. which
would be sufficient to improve sc. OU
miles Of road at a further cost of ST..
600 per mile. In five years this would
improve 100000 miles, which would
be sufficient to bring the total mileage
OF improved roads up to 20 per cent
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
BROOM CORN MIlLETS
Grown for Seed as Stalks Are
,..''~' Coarse and Heavy. " i
Plants viii Stand Large Amount Of
Drought and viii Produce satis-
factory Grain Yields .er Dry
~. and Sandy 'ooiis.

CBy o. O. CHURCHILL. North Dakota
Agricultural College.)
hillets are usually grown a. .
catch crop or - supplementary feed
when the hay and pastures are short
In some cases, millet 10 grown for
seed. especially for hos feed. There
are three general types Of millets:
l. Foxtail-Common. German. Hun
garian, Siberian. I'D.
2. Broom Corn-Hog, White Ur,l.
Voronezh, Russian. . 49,,
3. Japanese-Barnyard. Billion, Dol.
lar Grass. ;
The term millet is a general one
applied to q great variety Of grasses.
1t includes some sorghums as pearl
millet. besides these three general
types listed above. The foxtails mil.
let's have large heads in spikes. The
common millet Is the earliest Of those
listed. 1t 10 apt to be mixed with
pigeon grass and other weeds. The
German millet has nodding heads and
u larger and later, and is more suit.
ed to rich, heavy soils. It produces
. large quantity of hay per acre. The
Hungarian millets have about an
equal number of yellow and dark COL
ored seeds and is becoming very pop
ular In North Dakota. These millets
r usually grown for hay. Nearly
oil seed companies carry both north.
ern and southern grown seed.
The broom corn millets are grown
for the seeds. The stalks are coarse
and heavy and unfit. for hay. They
will stand large amounts Of drought
and will produce satisfactory grain
yields on soils too dry and too sandy
for the production of barley or ord-
nary grains. The seed should b
ground before feeding. ,.I .
The japanese .millets are not WY
popular in most parts Of the ooun-
H. They closely resemble our. w1ld
barnyard grass, which 10 . weed ~.
srywhere. especially on low ground.
The millets are sown for the Seed.
for hay. for soiling crops. ~ 20.
ture mixtures. When grown for hay
care should be used In regard to time
Of cutting, a. millet hay 10 very apt
to be injurious to horses. and 1t 10
claimed by some to injure cattle as
well. It Il best to cut the millet be-
fore the seeds are formed. Or just
about the time the heads are begin
ming to form. None Of the millets
should be seeded early Or before the
ground has warmed up and in condt-
tion 20 that q rapid growth will be
made from the start. Two pecks per
acre IL the usual rate Of seeding.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
CORN HUSkERS.

While the mechanical corn husker is
q decided labor saver. 1t is not yet. after
several years experimenting and de-
velopment. entirely satisfactory. The
husker has been perfected so that it
will remove the husks and take care
Of the corn shelIed by the swapping
rolls. but it still falls down when it
comes to getting all the ears in q row
One Of these machines Of the latest
type vas returned by a farmer to the
dealer because of this defect, as It
skipped more than a bushel Of corr to
the row Where the snowfall is not
heavy and stock can be turned in. this
skipping of ears is not so important,
but where these conditions do not hold
the defect becomes a serious one.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
SHOULD TEST THEIR coWA

A creamery manugeri with whom "
talked the other day stated that. 30 far
as he was aware. not one Of the four
hundred odd patrons OF the creamery
are using the Eahro K test + deter
mining accurately the luAiit.! and
amount Of milk given by their individ.
ual cows. In view OF the fact that
70 much tedious and exacting work has
to be done III connection with the milk.
Ing Of these cows. 1t seems strange
Vat more Of the owners do not take
the pains to ascertain just which cows
Of their herd are paying for their keep.
II these cows are like the run Of cows
In communities where 10Y testing AS
sociations have been formed 1t Is prob
ably safe to assume that 40 per cent
Of the $500 cows belonging to this
group of patrons. or 1000 animals, are
not or are just barely paying expenses.
The Babcock testing outfit Is a simple
affair. costing but - or S., and any
competent hired man or bright boy or
girl could look after the weighing and
testing Of the milk and make the nee
essary records. While daily testing
would be necessary for a complete
milk and butter fat record, week
y weighing and testing would give
a very good Idea Of what a COW
was doing. 1t would determine at once
whether she belonged to the money
makers or to the other squad that
were simply eating their heads OF and
being MIXED for 1.-The fun of It," This
group Of creamery patrons will contin-
ue to grope in the dark. as 1t were. in
the dairy business until 1t decides that
1t is worth its while to get at the real
facts in regard to its COWS in a sys-
tematic and exact way.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
RAISING YOUNG TREES
Follow Natures Methods Closely
80 as Possible.
Il Would Dc Absolutely Foolish to
e. e1ant on Freshly soroksN ood Of
81. Prairie and Expect 70 Secure
.. Any Good Rssvlts.
Oy NORMAN NJ. ROSS. Chief Of Tree
Planting DiYiaion. CnnaAAl

Oy NORMAN n. ROSS. Chief Of Tree
l.. Planting Division, CanAda,) n.
II We compare the texture Of the
soil on the open prairie, with that of
the. forest We hnd ., vast, difference.
In the former ass the ground is COW
cred BY = tough, compact sod. and
the soil beneath this IL % hard ~ to
be almost i~mpenetrabls for the roots
Of plants. In the forest, however, We
ind on the surface several inches OF
loose, decayinx vegetable matter and
. subsoil rendered comparatively
open and porous, owing to tho action
Of the tree roots. Under such oondi.
lions - these there need be no da@i-
Guilty 1t all In planting and success
fully raising young trees. but unfor
tunately these r not the conditions
With which We have to deal. ~ in
most places where tree planting 10 n
sorted to. ~ on the prairtss, the coll
n more or less compact, and not suit.
"a to the growth Of desp-rooted
plants. -
In raising trees - we'll - other
crops. It II always advisable to, fol-
low natures methods a. closely -
possible. II we do this we may conn.
IDENTIFY expect a very fair measure Of
success to attend our labors. We
have seen that In nature trees re-
quire q fairly loose, porous soil, and
1t is therefore necessary to bring the
land which it 10 wished to plant up In
trees into as nearly . similar condt
ton as possible. 1t would be abso.
lutely foolish to plant trees on the
freshly broken sod of the prairie and
expect them to live under ordinary
circumstances. aa
In most cases trees viii be found
. do best on. land that has been nm,
der crop for /. least = year previous
to planting. But = many have 20
land under cultiva1ton whore they
wish to plant thu can. by = very
thorough cultivation Of the coil dnFino
one season, in On ordinary year .hsina
II. intp ! At state tor setting. out. ~
young trees. n : ven, dry yeAr eas
season may not prove long enough %
~eufdcisntly rot the sod. and IA such
ollDoA II viii b mers s~aelsfactofy "a
AelSr planting until. the land - ms
Gaitable condition, asfnDoa this -
|,HeallS AeRsaAs1tAe f4eRHa. Aeaa@a
6AJeAf9faaAA tasinpinI ss
tattetss sfsW I'D
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
USE TAXES FOR ROADS.

Wiesmioe County, Nd, Starts I'm
provsmsnt Campaign.
According to a law recently passed
by the Maryland legislature. the office
Of roads engineer has been created in
Wfcomico county, and a tax for road
and bridge expenditures has been fixed
at a minimum Of 20 cents on the S1W
Of assessable property.
The term Of office Of the roads en-.
gineer is four years and the salary
$500. with an allowance Of $500 for
travelling and other expenditures. Un.
der the terms Of the present arrange
ment the road levy for 1912 will amount
to $4,000.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
ORCHARD PROTECTION.

In those ATTITUDES where nov re-
mains on the ground during a consid-
cradle portion of the winter care
should be taken to see that all weeds.
straw or other litter is removed from
within a radius of two or three feet
from the trunks of the orchard trees.
Left there. it is more than likely to be-
come a harlmr for mice. which are
pretty sure to gnaw the tender bark
Of the trees when other kinds Of food
are car and covered with snow.
The proper protection is the wood We
neer or wire screen covering. But even
il such protectors are got this ought
not to any letup in the cam
paign to reduce the number of rabbits
OF take the place Of occasional trips
through the orchard to see that ver
thing Is o. X.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
sLAckHEAp KILLING TURKEYS.

8LACkHEAD KILLING TURKEYS.
So completely have some turkey rails
ing sections in New England become
infested with the incurable malady
known as blackhead that the output
Of turkeys from that section has been
reduced 10 per cent In the past ten
years. The disease Is caused by a
germ and is spread by being carried on
the feet Of the turkeys and by sparrows
that frequent the yards where the tur-
keys are kept. and no cure or proven
tive has as yet been discovered. Those
who have made a study of the prob
lem to think that the raising Of
turkeys will have to be transferred
largely from eastern to central and
western states. where the germs of
blackhead have not yet been intro
duced.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
Build For Permanently.

Land and property. said 4 speaker at
q good roads convention. were valuable
In proportion to their accessibility to
market or pleasure. and whatever adds
to the accessibility enhances values
The history of the country. he stated.
bore witness to the most useless and
wastefuI extravaganza in the use of
money and labor on its highways. and
the lesson to be learned was to build.
as did the ~ancients. for permanency
and with the utmost care and thought
for the future.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
CUTTINGS FOR NEXT YEAR.

Scions for next springs grating op-
erations should be cut now from well
developed twigs Ut the past seasons
growth. These should be lied In bum
dies Of twenty or twenty-five and
placed il sand or sawdust in a cool
cellar. 1t IL best to cut the sciOns Ou
warm days. when there Is IL frost in
the wmM. Grape cuttings should also
b. made now. allowing two Or three
buds to- each piece OF vine. with the
cuts made just above and just below
q bud. These may be tied in bundles
OF twenty or more and should he
buried in sand VI sa wdust in a cool
cellar or. II this il not available. in q
well drained trench about Il foot deep
and butt ends up. The trench should
be located in II sunny place aud should
b. covered with horse manure to keep
the cuttings from tina wing and freez.
ing. In the spring this should
b. removed with part Of the soil. ieav-
ing some two or three inches above the
cuttings. Growth of root may bp fore
ed by putting heating n over the
cuttings Or 4 hotbed sash. The cut
tings may be set cut in the open ground
AZ 0OD as the sOit is in q condition to
work.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
!. ABOUT FARM ENGINES
Proper Time Of Ignition Depends
Ill Largely on Speed ~.s
oeos ~ Engine and Fuel Ussd Alse
d Taken into consldsss
t'on-objsct 10 70 Secure The
Maximum Power,

Oy G. I. GUINNESS. Assistant Professr
OF Engineering. North Dakota Aericuk
itural Colless.)
t$Ttme Of ignition refers to the point
ID tho stroke Of the engine at which
~ gases are isnited or set on IRE.
All gasoline engines IRE their
charge shortly before the end of the
compression stroke. but the exact
point Of ignition will vary with Diff
ferent engines. At first thought II
might occur to ~ that 1t Is unwise to
nre the charge before the piston
reaches the end Of the compression
stroke. az the pressure developed In
the cylinder at the instant Of the e1-
plosion will act a. q back pressure
and tend to hold the engine from
turning. 1t Is true that early igni.
ton will give back pressure 1T the
end Of the compression stroke. but
even at that We flnd that 1t 10 advis-
able to fire the charge before the pie
ton reaches the end Of the stroke. We
md that the engine win gain In pow.
~ In spite Of the back pressure de-
veaoped. The reason for this IL that
i takes some little time for the gases
10 get on fire. and II the spark is
formed when the piston is at the end
Of the stroke the piston will travel
some distance before all the charge
has commenced to burn. It u evt
dent then that there will not b -
much pressure forcing the piston
akead on the power stroke a. II the
whole charge were under flre when
the piston were at the end Of the
stroke. II, however, the time Of q.
milton is too early. the back pressure
from such early ignition may ovsr.
balance the beneficial results. and in
THAT cas- there will b loss of power
iknd pounding" with excessive
'ktrains on the parts Of the engine.
The proper time Of ignition will do
pend largely on the speed 1t which
the engine 10 running and to some
bxtsnt on the size Of the engine and
the fuel used. It 10 evident that
bpeed plays IN important part
IN determining the proper point
of ignition. - the time It takes for
the gases to get under Are and heat
hp in any engine will b praoti.
cally constant. while the time that II
takes for the piston to get away from
the end of the cylinder will depend
sIpon the speed. Consequently the
higher the engine speed. the earlier
t.le ignition. As q rough estimate We
might say that the crank should be
IA many degrees before center WhAn
ignition takes place Al nve times tho
pumber Of revolutions made by the
Engine per minute divided By 100.
This 10 but = rough estimate. and will
not hold In all cases.
To get the proper point Of ignition.
It Ii necessary to advance tho ignition
gradually until the point 10 reached
where the engine viii develop the
maximum power.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
IHeo House Door.

~ enes aro allowed to run out, says Q
writer In the Missouri Valley Farmer.
TIE Dose below Il placed through hoaes
In the door posts and the door rsots
or top Of It. TAe door vorks up -
down n q sli6o. q !.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
The BREEDING Eve.

Ewes should have attained 4 rood
condition Of flesh by weaving time. If
are to provide nipple nourishment
TOR rapid and healthy growth In the
'amD. II ewes are fed heavily and
moi, suflicient exercise provided both
eve n lamb will be weak. This con-
d'uon is often followed by a heavy
mortality among the lambs. Better
AVE the eve In moderate desh. With
plenty Of activity. than fat and go.
~
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1913-01-03
An INTERESTING r Z

Some very interesting records Of by
gone events r often written in other
PAGES than hooks. This was interest
ingly shown in the. case of a tree that
was 8 awed through in a Washington
mill the other day. Buried several
inches in the solid wood was found
the stub of q charred branch that had
been entirely overgrown by succeed
ing layers Of the growth. 1t was clear
that many years ago this tree. had been
burn this limb. but not SO severe as to
kill the tree. MicrUscopical examina-
ton Of the growth rings showed that
this fire occurred Just 114 years ago.