New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-11-02
STAMPING OUT TYPHOID
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sand million bacilli in one cubic centimctcr
OF salt water; given ten and twenty DAYS
later. The reactions following these later
NEGOTIATIONS are commonly much mildcr than
that OF the initial vaccination; sometimes
hardly apprcciable.
l. IS interesting to note the method by
which the quantity of killed bacteria is csti-
mated IN these injections. Sir \. f. Wright
hit upon the ingenious plan Of mixing equal
parts Of normal human blood and the bouil-
lon or emulsion containing the germs to be
counted. This was thoroughly shaken to-
gether, and small drops of the mixture
spread upon glass slides, and stained so as to
make the germs visible. Then counts of
both the red cells and the bacteria were
made in a number of microscopic fields
divided into millimetcr spaces a little
antSeptic is incorporated, in order to pre-
serve the mixture. 1t is then scaled in glass
ampulT over the heat OF blast lamp Each
COntainCr is labeled with the bacterial con-
tent, and dated three months ahead of the
time OF its preparation, after which it is no
longer considered fit for use.
THE Board of Health Of New York City
recently issued a circular indorsing the
method OF preventing typhoid by inocula-
ton, and holds itself ready to perform immu-
nlZatlons on request.
Nilitiamcn in al parts Of the country are
taking up inoculation with the same success
rs follows its use in the army. Lately a
great Canadian railway ordered typhoid
vaccination among al its one hundred and
twenty-five thousand EMPLOYEES. from prcsi-
dent to gate tender. Industrial enterprises
depending upon the health and highest eff
cheney of their men for their economic size
cess are also looking into the advantages of
antityphoid incubation, and are urging II
consistently.
one of the latest and most striking reports
comes from Professor Chantcmcssc, who, it
will be remembered was among the first to
direct attention 20 typhoid incubation. On
April ,, 1912. the French Minister for the
Navy authorized the voluntary vaccination
of sailors and laborers in the various ports Of
France with vaccine prepared under the III
rcction Of ChlntemcSSc. The greater part
Of this maritime population OF siXty-sevcn
thousand eight hundred and forty individu-
ais were doubling ThomaScS. They waited
-Nlicawberlikc-for something TO turn up.
It did. BY the end Of December there were
five hundred and forty-two cases Of fever
among them On the other hand, among
thirtv-onc hundred subjects who were vac.
cinated, living identically the same lives as
the nonvaccinatcd, not a single case APP
peared The same benefit followed lnOcu
iation in the army which was so busy carry
ing the light of civilization into the dark and
turbd corners Of Algeria and Morocco.
The latest to avail themselves Of the pre-
ventive are the nurses and ordcrlieS in our
large hospitals. who are constantly exposed
to the contagion Of typhoid. NEGOTIATIONS
have shown that the morbidity among the
unvaccinated is nine times greater than
among the vaccinated. And no untoward
effects have arisen from over five thousand
injections.
TT is also claimed that the course and sever
L ity Of an attack Of typhoid may be mate
rally shortened, sometimes even aborted, by
vaccination. An early diagnosis must be
established here the value OF the WI