davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Valdez daily prospector., 1913-09-17
TEXAS BANKER
 |S EASY VICTIM
SwindIers Induce Him to Give Up Key to Vault Where Money Was.

Terrc lIaulc, nd, Sept. l7.-- With the arrest here recently of G. Reed, John Collins and Hugh McGinnis, of Indianapolis, on complaint of Cary Shaw, presl- dent of the Second National Bank of Houston, Texas, the police de- clare they have ended the up- erations of gang that ill the last year has swindled wealthy men out of nearly S25O,OOO.
 The work of the gang, the ot1i- cers say, closely resemblcd that of the Maybray swindle syndicate and included fake prize fights.
 Mr. Shaw lost $500 that he was induced tu place in a safety deposit vault here. He had brought the money from Houston to invest in a deal for 20,000 acres of Missouri land. Upon his arrival he was shown large amount of money by the conti- dence men and asked to place his money with theirs and put it in the box while he and two of the men went to inspect the land. En route to St. Louis Shaw was ln- duced to give up the keys to the .box contai1Aing the money and his companions disappeared.
 Marshal Brenneman has pur-
Valdez daily prospector., 1913-09-17

Marshal Brenneman has pur- chased the residence of Mr. V. \. Paine on sherman street and will move into it soon.
Valdez daily prospector., 1913-09-17
Valdez Daily Prospectof
 PUBLISHED BY THE Prospector Publishing Co.

TERMS.
 Daily Prospector. By carrier. per month. ..S d.00 By mail, per annum. ..... 1O.OO
 Tho Weekly Miner. By carrier, per month. .... 400 By mail, per annum. ..S3:oO The Daily ProspectOr and Weekly Miner, by carrier, to one address per month .......:.:$1 70 The Daily ProspectOr and Weekly Miner by mail to one address only per year. .91I.oV Business Office and Editorial
 Rooms, Phone 152. Advertising Rates on Application.
Valdez daily prospector., 1913-09-17
NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR

PATENT.--Survey No. 993.-- Serial No. O1618. United States Land Office, Juneau, Alaska, August 20. 1913.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

and frequently the reader must rest
for several days, during which time
he employs a substitute. This insti-
tuition. strange as it may seem to
American eyes,, works We'll for both
employer and employee. The Spanish
race invariably Illustrate their conver-
sation by u free use of their hands,
and as cigar making is a work of the
hand and not of the brain it becomes
monotonous unless there is something
to employ the min Naturally the
men would talk. make gestures with
their hands. and few cigars would be
made. The reader gives the work.
men something to occupy his mind.
and the work goes on in almost abso-
lutte silence, except for the voice OF
the reader. The Workmen in this
manner becomes well informed on cur
rent events and on some of the best
literature of the day. The idea origi-
mated with Saturnino Martenez. a poet
about tWentY-seven years ago. In ono
instance the owners Of n factory de-
c1ded to discontinue 1t, and there was
almost IA riot among the workmen un-
til the old custom was revived
The cigarette factories, too, are in
teresting from the fact that hundreds
of girls make their living in the man
ufacture of the millions of Cuban Gig
afettes consumed each year. These
workers vary from children of twelve
to women OF fifty. Some of them are
exceedingly pretty, although there are
Few who bear any resemblance to
carmen as she Is pictured by our op-
cratic stars. Others are siovenly and
are incessant smokers. The tobacco
used for cigarettes is stored on the
top floor of the factory, and it's oaor
is so strong that the visitor can only
email in the rooms there for a few
moments. Several floors are given
over to the different processes of Gig
arctic making. The machine has
practically superseded hand labor. al
though certain branches of the trade
sun demand handmade cigarettes.
Nearly all the work in these factories
Is done by women, who roll, tip and
pack the cigarettes. They usually
come to work in their gayest clothes,
especially during the carnival season.
The queen of Havana's carnival is
always from these workers, being Sc
lected by popular vote of the cigar
cite girls of the city.
me whole process of cigar and Gig
arctic making from the growth of the
tobacco until it comes out a finished
produce is interesting anywhere, but
especially so in Cuba on account of
Its vastness and the great number of
people employed in the industry.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

have no systematic methods of distri-
button, no plans for increasing con-
sumption. The small crop we have
produced in the northwest had practi~
cally sold itself. We have given little
thought to distribution and done moth
ing to create a demand or increase
consumption.
| can show YOU many causes which
are responsible for our present condi-
tion. Furthermore, I can point out
many remedies which will overcome a
large portion If existing evils. provid-
ing We are willing to act in harmony,
DO our business in a business-like way
and spend the necessary money to ac-
eonplish the desired results.
I have stated that present prices are
due to the size of the 1912 crop,
notwithstanding public opinion to the
contrary. statistics will prove this
assertion. In the year 1902 the crop
was As, 625, 600 barrels of apples. In 1908,
AZ, 500, 900 barrels. and in 1904, 43, $50, 900
barrels, whereas in the year 1912 the
estimate was 49, OO, 900 barrels, which
probably Will not be exceeded and
possibly may MOI DC IGdCil1u. Ill l5UL-
"a good prices prevailed compared
with the prices of 1912, therefore, it is
evident that low prices in 1912 We're
not entirely due to the size Of the
crop. What then are the ~reasons?
In the year 1907 W. had a panic, but
business was revived in 1910. We now
know hat this revival vas artificial
stimulation, because in the latter part
of 1910 and in h years 1911-12 bust
ness was not normal. While the press
has informed US the exports of steel
We're larger in 1912 than ever before
and railroad riders for equippage We're
greater than ever in the history of the
business, nevertheless the fact re-
mains tha business has not been good
during this period. To convince your
self of this it is only necessary to in
| tervieW some personal friend in bust,
ness, or talk to any of the commercial
travellers. | have interviewed many
commercial travellers and they invar
iably report business slow, order!
small and collections difficult. Thi!
condition not only exists in the United
States but abroad as we'll. Europe ha!
peer having her troubles. Business II
England is poor. Strikes have DC
l Cured during the last two or tire
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

of the hundred shapes in Which
Havana cigars are put on the market.
His only tool is a sharp cigar makers
knife, with which he trims the wrap
per to meet his requirements, and he
selects by his y and his cultivated
sense OF touch Just enough material
to make The cigar exactly the proper
length, and. more difficult still. the
right amoun to preserve the abSo-
lutely uniform thickness of the par
ticular size on which he is working.
Since the color ana texture of wrap
per leaves cannot be controlled by
the grower to any appreciahle extent,
1t is impossible to supply the modern
demand for light color wrappers-a
demand based entirely upon the err
roneous idea that the color of the
wrapper Is an index OF the strength of
the cigar. While it Is true to a linn
tied extent that the color of the wrap
per affects the strength, representing
as 1t does only a small part OF the
whole cigar, 1t Is only reasonable to
state that this factor Is of minor i'm
~portance, the real strength depending
upon tho class of tobacco used In the
filler. If, for example, a cigar carry
ing the blend intended for the United
States market, where heavy bodied
cigars are not In demand, should be
given a dark wrapper the strength
would not be n~oticeably affected, all
though so great Is the power of sug-
gestion that the cigar Would not sell,
consequently, as far as possible, the
cigars shipped to the United States
have light colored wrappers.
The workmen OF zach factory or
ganiHe and elect IA president, secretary
and treasurer. A reader Is employed
to rea aloud to the men several hours
each day. This entertainers salary
is from thirty to sixty dollars per
week, the amount being collected by
the treasurer from the Workmen-
usually fifteen cents from each man.
The reader must be a man of INTEL
ligence, as he is often called upon to
make comments and explanations on
certain articles in the newspapers. for
a part of each day LIS spent in listening
to h news of the day. One OF the
most popular readers fills a place
on the editorial staff of a local paper
when he is not engaged at the fac
tory. A prominent member of the
Cuban senate is said to have been a
factory reader only a few years ago.
lected by the men by vote, Don
Quixote Is a prime %favorite, and in
n factory Quo Vadis was highly APP
preciated. Reading aloud several
hours a day is II strain on the throat
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

until March, when the cutting or har-
vesting begins, is an anxious period of
constant WatchfulneSs and care to the
grower. Even after the tobacco is cut
and is hanging or the polls in the dry
ing barn in the first curing process the
danger is not entirely past. During
this time the leaves change from a
vivid green to different shades of
brown. These colors are carefully
sorted and packed into separate bales
before the crop is shipped to the fac
tories in Havana-famous throughout
the world for the Incompatible cigars
which they turn out.
Few smokers realize the vast
amount of scientific study and hard
labor required to bring a good cigar
to perfection, and the smoker who
happens to visit Havana should not
fail to avail himself of the oppor-
tunity of seeing at least one of the
large factories of that city. Permis-
sion may be obtained for certain
hours at the offices, and the visitor
may see the interesting process from
the time the bales are brought in I'M
til they are ready to be sent out in
the form of cigars and cigarettes
ready for shipment. It is interesting
to note in these shipments the various
tastes of the different countries. For
Spain and Cuba's home consumption
the heaviest tobacco is in demand.
These people have been smokers all
their lives and they prefer a dark,
heavy-bodied, aromatic cigar, South
and Central America also like heavy
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

years, n many Workingmen are un-
employed. Germany and France are
both disturbed by socialism and nan
conditions, indicated by the in
creased number of socialists. A Sc
rious unrest prevails in China Its
drastic nature must be evident mas
much as China, an empire for CEN
turtles, changed itself into Il republic.
In addition to all his we have had
our presidential year which always
brings disturbances in financial n
business conditions. The past presi-
Dental year has been unprecedented
previous to election i'll uncertainty and
unrest of the people, yet | am glad to
say that after the election satisfaction
is prevailing, and 1 believe that as
soon as it is definitely known just
what the policy of the present admin
istration will be that capital will be-
come active and business again be-
come prosperous. I believe all these
conditions referred, both national and
international, have been large factors
in depressing the apple markets for
the ear 1912, affecting apple prices
ii'DlN ~ oo'oly ii"Ii t'hN'P VA 't'fN
commodities, because the apple is not
a necessity. In addition to general
conditions affecting prices, l believe
there are other conditions pertaining
to the apple business alone, which had
a further effect in lowering values. IT
is my purpose to specifically refer to
some of these conditions and to sug
gest remedies tina will overcome many
of them.
Estimates of the apple crop are
made each year by the government. by
the epitomist and by the International
Apple Shippers association. Of al
these the International Apple Shippers
association is the strongest factor ir
fixing values. For many years theil
method lacked thoroughness. The es
Inmates did not Indicate the full guam
tity, consequently better prices pre-
vailed than the situation justified
In the year 1912 the system of collect
ing statistics was 50 thorough and TIN
method 50 reliable, that the estimate
indicated in advance the actual quan
tity that was harvested. This esti
mate early in the season was SO grea
compared with previous years, tn
trade being unaccustomed to big fig
ures, vas fearful Of results, Dealer
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09
AAo0M MN1e UoNeLHrSe cLSHxo
TaczaxHeGUlzaTaxa

The word tobacco" is Indian and
in the Lesser Antilles called Taboga,
where he plant grows in wild profus-
ion. The first mention of it's use in
history occurs in the diary kept by
Christopher Columbus on the first voy-
age. Under the date of Tuesday, No
vember 6, 1892, Columbus relates how
two men he had sent into an inland
district, which is now Oriente Prov
ince Of Cuba, in the course of their
smoking herbs Later it vas discov-
cred that aboriginal Indians whom the
Spanish found ~inhabiting the islands
of the West Indies used tobacco in
their religious ceremonies. It's smoke
was he incense with which the priests
accompanied their prayers to the gods.
1t was also learned that they some-
times sprinkled the heads of their idols
with snuff or powdered tobacco. The
medicine men stupified themselves
with this herb when they consulted
oracles in ~divination, and by it they
cured the sick in medical practice. The
process of inhaling the smoke through
the %nostrils is mentioned in several
accounts of their ceremonies and ac-
cording to one authority special tables
covered with lighted tobacco We're
placed before their idols.
Las Cagas when he came to write
In his history of the Indies, using for
his authority the diary of Columbus,
explains how the Indians smoked a
sort of rude cigar which they made
and called ''Tabaccos'-a name still
used in Cuba. Il knew" Las CagaS
adds, ~"Spaniards who smoked, and
when they We're reproved for it and
told that it was a vice said they could
not leave it off. l do not know what
pleasure or profit they got IL of it,"
1t seems singular that this vice
originating with the Indians should
prove n of the richest sources of
revenue for the Island through the
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

such. The acceptable cigars remain
in these bins until orders are received
from the shipping departments, when
they are passed to the selectors, who
in separate rooms at polished tables
under a north light assert the cigars
into various colors and shades (about
thirty, rejecting any one imperfectly
made. Afterward they are sent to the
label girls, who put Il band around each
cigar. 1t costs one Havana firm alone
nearly a quarter of a million dollars
a year for cigar bands. After band
ing the cigars are put up in lots of
Twenty-Five, fifty and one hundred and
placed in boxes ready to be shipped
throughout the world.
The factories of Havana employ
thousands of persons-one alone Civ
ing work to three thousand cigar
makers. The rooms where these men
work are especially interesting. for
rolling a cigar properly requires no
little skill. In this room are men who
as boys served a long apprenticeship
to learn the rudiments and fundamen-
tails Of cigar making and who have
steadily improved and gained in skin
in making the same size and shape
cigar all the time. A number Of the
workers have made the same type Of
cigar every working day for twenty
years. Some of these men are really
artists in their work. The cigar
maker is given his filler and wrappers
ttle former weighed and the latter
counted) and under his expert hands
the material is made to assume one
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

United States. The low prices prevail
ing in the year 1896 and following
years must have had a depressing eff
feet on the apple business and stopped
planting. 1t is also evident that prices
must have been low In 1896 and for
some years following, as many or
chards We're dug up, which is also evil
denced by the decreased acreage in the
year 1910, showing Isl, 1926, 900 apple
trees, or a decrease of 33 4-10s per cent.
A few further statistics will show
this condition was general. New York
in 1900 had Is, 055 900 apple trees of
bearing age, which reduced in 1910 to
II, PAS. 900. During the same period Mis-
souri, reduced from 2o,040,OO0 to a.
$50, 600; Pennsylvania from II, 744, 900
to 5000, 900; Ohio from 12,9 53, 900 to
$500, 900; Illinois from 3,430, 900 to
1901, 900; Michigan from 10000 900 to
.7,534,o0O; Kansas from II, 84S, 900 to
$3.50, 900; Virginia from $3.50, 900 to
zoos 900. The decrease in the yield
verifies statements in reference to
acreage. The crop in 1900 was 1884,
900 bushels, and decreased in the year
1910 to lat, 522, 900 bushels. Between
the year 1900 and the ear 1910 apple
prices took an upward tendency, on
sequently an immense acreage was set
during this 10 years, which. in the year
1912, came into bearing with a good
!! set of fruit in all sections, again pro-
! iucing an increased quantity COM
| pared with the period from 1905 to
| 1911. In 1912 we had, according to es-
| Inmates, an approximate yield of 40
| 900, 900 barrels, which means 100, 900, =
900 bushels. But l 10 not believe. like
a great many others, that low prices
n the year 1912 We're entirely due to
the quantity of apples produced, nor
do / believe at the present time the
supply is in excess of the demand, but
I do believe the supply at the present
time exceeds our system of distribu-
ton and marketing methods. I be-
lieve that our methods can be i'm
proved, and in addition to this / ar
absolutely convinced that we can in
erease the demand and consumption
If apples. Apple growers in general
and in the northwest in particular
lave devoted practically all of thei1
lime to the production of apples. Few
nave studied market conditions. Thu
apple growers are unorganlzed; W.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

fondness of the civilized world for the
use of his same plant.
1t has long been conceded that Cuba
produces the best tobacco in the
world. The finest of the Islands crop
is grown in the Pinar del Rio district
in the western end of the republic,
the very best quality Of growth COM
ing within the narrow confines of the
Vuelta Abajo district, which is the
region lying between Consolation del
Sur and the sea on the north, west
and south. Tobacco culture on the
island, however, did not have it's be-
ginning in Pinar del Rio, for it was
not until the seventeenth century that
any legitimate agriculture was carried
on in this section. Up to that time
tobacco was being grown in large
quantities in Eastern Cuba, while the
western section was owned by cattle
raisers and used for grazing purposes.
Pirates infested the land and between
these and the destruction of the fields
by cattle the pioneer tobacco grow
ers We're unable to make much prog
ress. Spain, too, levied heavy taxes
on tobacco lands. Finally, between
1865 AMI 1868 over half a million
pounds of tobacco of all grades and
prices were exported to Seville. 1t
was hen discovered that the plant
grown in the Pinar del Rio district
had the finest flavor and tobacco cub
ture in that section received a sudden
impetus. From that time IN Cuban
tobacco has been recognized as the
finest the world can produce. Thou
sands of dollars are spent every year
in preparing the soil. An expert
mental station is maintained near Ha-
vana by the growers. There expert
chemists and gardeners work day af-
ted day trying every conceivable kind
of fertilizer, etc, in order to bring
he plant to even greater perfection.
The plant is extremely delicate, be-
ing sensitive to old or heat, to
drought or rain, and even to the di-
rection of the Winds. From October,
when the plants are usually taken
from the seed beds n transplanted,
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

cigars. England, which, by the way,
is one of the worlds greatest smokers.
requires a lighter cigar. France and
Germany prefer about the same as
that used by Great Britain, while for
the United States and Canada the
lightest types are in favor.
The tobacco is kept in a well venti-
lated warehouse near the factory un-
til it is needed, II during this time
curing continues-usually about two
years. When the leaf tobacco is re-
ceived in the factory the bales are
opened up and the leaf sprayed with
clean, pure water; then it is repacked
in the BALES Uhc leaves being spread
out) for several hours until the leaves
become plant SO each one can be
opened without tearing or breaking.
1t is then selected and graded accord
ing to it's strength, size, color, etc.
After this selecting, the leaf intended
to be used as filters is placed in bar
rels with ample openings at the sides
and further curing. This process
takes from two to six weeks, accord
ing to the different grades of leaf,
and is watched daily by experts.
When the leaf is entirely ripe it is
sent to the factory to be rolled into
cigars. AS fast rs they are rolled they
are passed to the foreman or inspec-
tor of the factory, who carefully OK
amines each cigar, after which they
are packed in the "e~scarpartes' or
seasoned cedar bins. All "rejections'
are packed separately and sold as
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1913-03-09

refused to buy at almost any price.
trade now being accustomed to
definite figures in advance will not be
overwhelmed and as pessimistic in fu-
ture years over the situation as they
were in 1912. This years prices have
also been seriously affected by the dis
trlbution Of production. I believe few
growers have given the matter of dis
tribution yery little, If any. thought.
If the crop is distributed all over the
United States, that Is. III Il good CROP
of apples Is grown in every apple-pro-
ducing section of the United states. 1t
undoubtedly causes low prices to pre-
vail. II, on the other hand. although
the actual quantity produced in the
United States may be the same, IL the
crop is ~unevenly distributed, better
prices VIII rule. There Is a reason for
this, A great many districts grow
ordinary varieties of ordinary
quality without keep, which will
sell for enough at home to justify
harvesting. but which are not good
enough to sell at a price sufficient to
Justify proper packing, pay freight
oid DiihS Dhch IL pIpllt w lIS grower.
II some districts produce a light crop
the surrounding territory affords a
market for other sections producing
quality that win sell at a price suffi-
Gent to justify prope packing,
freight charges, and still pay a profit.
In districts where large crops are pro-
duced only the good apples will be
marketed. n the poor stuff go to the
vinegar factory or go to waste
Therefore, when all sections produce
a good crop 1t must be evident that
the waste will be comparatively small.
n low prices will generally prevail
On the other hand, If certain sections
produce short crops, the waste in the
sections producing heavy crops will BIT
greater because many will be Of such
quality as to not justify shipment. ani
better prices will prevail. In 1912 price.
suffered seriously for the reason tina
every apple-producing section in tn,
United States had an exceedingly larg,
crop, which Is a very unusual condi
ton. which e not frequently occur
The prices on northwestern apples il
the year 1912 have suffered from GU
pursuing the same methods of distri
button as We have pursued in pas
years. In previous years our Gro,