davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
MOVIES FOR
SCHOOL CHILDREN
To TEACH SOTTHSIDE SCHOLARS
GEOGRAPHY AND NATURAL
HISTORY BN PICTURES.

The first of the motion pictures to
be shown in Southside scholars as an
addition to the educational system VIII
he thrown on the screen next Mon
day morning The arrangement has
been under consideration for some
time by Principal T.. f. Smith, and
recently he made arrangements with
r. Seaton Loving. owner OF the VIC
tnria theater, whereby the children
will be shown. rather than taught
from BIOGRAPHIES. the natural won
ders and the conditions OF peoples OF
foreign nations.
1t IL expected that the practical
benefits Of installing the movies in the
schools will make themselves evident
within a short time. Not only is the
system considered excellent from
viewpoint Of physical geography ana
natural history, but It is also thought
that it will be OF great value to those
taking the industrial arts courses.
No motion picture machine Is
owned by the school board. and be-
cause they lack this, the pictures will
be shown at the Victoria theater. to
which the children will be marched
from the school
\ schedule has been arranged by
SUPERINTENDENT Smith whereby one or
more classes of Powhatan and Balm
bridge schools win witness the pic
lures each morning Of the week after
which they will return to school. In
this way all of the classes will see
the pictures.
The pictures will be obtained from
the New York Educational Film COM
pany. and, of course. new pictures will
be shown each week. The films Will
deal entirely with the process of
manufacturing every manner of pro-
ducts.
An important fact in the institution
of the motion pictures Is that they
will be obtained al only a trivial ex-
pcnse Use of the theater and the
motion picture machine will be do
mated by Mr.. Loving. Cost of the
freightarc on the films must be borne
by the schools, this being the only
expense.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

who has been the guest OF friends In
Houston. has returned to the city.
Miss Edith shelton left town yes
terday to spend several days with
Miss Marion Royce at her country
home on the James river.
Mrs. Allan y. Crutchheld and son
returned To Richmond yesterday. af
ter spending some time at her home
In Maryland.
Mr. G. Flourney Spencer, Of this
city rs the guest Of his mother, in
Westover avenue, Norfolk.
Mrs and Mrs Norton Riddell, Of
Florida, are the guest of DR. and Mrs,
Meade Mann.
Miss George Lee, Of Richmond. is
tho guest Of Mrs, Charlie Clark of
WayHesborn.
Miss Henrietta Crump left yester-
day for Sweethriar college, where she
will be a student for the coming win
ter.
Miss Eleanor winfield, Of West
Franklin is returning Thursday from
Ashland. where she has been for the
past two weeks.
Mrs Alvey and Miss Marie Alvey
have returned to their home, bl7
West Grace after spending some time
at the Henry Clay inn In Ashland.
Miss Elsie Parrish has returned to
Richmond and is the guest of Miss
Julia Cane, Miss Parrish and Miss
Cane have just returned from a trip
abroad,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
F FACULTY MEMBERS
GIVEN PROMOTION

STAtfNTON. Sept % Members Of
the stanton Military academy facul-
~ OF long service have just been pro-
NOTED. six captains being made ma
jors ana the principal headmaster
and commandant have also been given
higher rank, Captain William Gibbs
kahle. principal of the school, and
Major Thomas II Russell, the head
master, are now colnnels and Cap
tain Ted GarYls Russell, commandant
has been made lieutenant colonel
The faculty members promoted to
the rank Of major were Captains
Sutherland. Tiller Sizer. Stevens.
Wonson snd Raglan.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
SMALL FIRE AT
MATTRESS FACTORY

small fire In the James River Fur
niture and Mattress factory, at Third
and Hun streets. yesterday afternoon
caused about 500 damages Most OF
this was due to the running Of con-
siderable material by water
The fire started in waste matter near
one of the machines and is supposed
to have been caused by friction
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
NEGRO SHOPLfFTERS
GET SIX MONTHS


Especial to The Richmond Virginian.)
PETERSBURG. VA. Sept. "a
Two negroes. giving their names as
Robert Lee and william Jones.
strangers in the city entered the
jewelry store OF c. r. Lauterback
yesterday and asked to see and were
shown a number of rings. They
spent some time in looking over and
trying on rings. finally leaving with
out making a purchase. Soon after
they had disappeared, cameo ring.
valued at si2. was missed. Detective
Eanes was called and gave pursuit.
He soon had the pair under arrest
and recovered the ring from the
pocket Of one Of the men. In Police
court this morning both were con.
victed Of larceny and sentenced to six
months imprisonment in jail
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
NEWS OF PETERSBURG
virgins Bur~ Mocha Bui

the country, had a buyer on the local
market today. who bought literally.
Mr.. Coleman. the buyer. expressed
great faith in Petersburg as futura
bright tobacco market and has trans
ferred his headquarters from North
Carolina 10 this city. One hundred lots
were offered today and good prices
were realized.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
RUNS INDEPENDENTLY
FOR VIRGINIA HOUSE

FREDERICKSBURG, VA, Sept
23,-S p. Powell, of Spotsylvania
county. announces that he expects to
come ont as an Independent candi-
date for the house of delegates from
the district composed OF the county
of Spotsyivania and the city of Fred
ericksburg. In opposition TO the Demo-
cratic nominee, w s. Embrey.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
COMPROMISE VERDICT
IN HUSTINGS COURT

A consent verdict was rendered in
the Hastings court, part 2. yesterday
in the case of Phil G.. Kelly against
the Seaboard Air Line railway. The
compromise was reached by the
parties outside OF court and the yer
dict rendering the plaintiff 5000 was
satisfactory 10 all parties.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
ROsx'f,----ISuCk.

GTOt- CESTER. VA. Sept. "a
Tho wedding OF Miss Beulah Buck
and StonewaU Rowe occurred here
Monday evening The ceremony was
performed by Rev william r. Lee,
in Abingdon Protestant Episcopal
church The bride IS daughter of
Mr. and Mrs Walter Buck and great
grandnieoc OF former President Tyler.
After the wedding tour the couple
VIII live in Lower Gloucester.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
IIuox--Pcntiletou.

FREDERICKSBURG, VA, Sept. o3
Mr. and Mrs X. @. Pendleton, Of
Washington announce the engage
ment az their daughter Miss Eliza
beth Rust Pendieton, to Thomas FitZ-
hugh Knox. Of Fredericksburg The
marriage win take place early in No
vefnhtr in The Westmoreland Apart
meuts, Washington.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
Hold Funeral Today.

PETERSBURG. VA. Sept. ga
Walter Edward. eight month old son
of Daniel l.. and Annie. s. Rowlet.,
died at O'clock last evening at his
parents residence, II South West
street, The funeral will be held at
II o'clock tomorrow morning from
st. Joseph's Catholic church.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
Girl VIII Leave City.

Ethel Robinson, the young woman
who was fined $50 and costs in Police
court several days ago because she
wore skirt that came to her knees.
was released from jail when her ffne
was paid by a friend. The girl says
she will go back to her home in
West Virginia.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

PETERSBURG. VA, Sept. 23,--Jo-
seph Grady Dempsey. infant son of J
X. and r. O. Harreii Dempsey. died al
4 o'clock this morning at the residence
OF his parents 60T Pearl street. Inter
ment will Re AT 10 o'clock tomorrow
morning In Biandford cemetery.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
CAPTAIN MAKES
SURPRISE VISIT

Captain Wright, of the Third station
made surprise visit to the men on
the various beats yesterday and was
not surprised at finding them all ION
their jobs The captain makes
regular rounds to find how things are
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

PETERSBURG. VA. Sept. sa,--w. r.
Price. a well known citizen OF the West
End, was held up day or two ago. by
three negro highwaymen In Chester
field county and robbed Of SIS in cash,
his hat and a pair OF eye glasses
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

The assumpsit suit Of r. Fl. Bruce
against Fl. p. Jones. which was con-
tinued from previous term of the
court will be again called in the Hust-
ings court. part 2 today.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

Mrs. s. #. Mays has returned home
from the johnson Willis sanitorium
where she had 1852 gallstones removed
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
Eyangelistic Services.

Evangelistic services will begin in
the West-E End Methodist church,
South Richmond, Sunday to continue
for two weeks
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
LIGCETT-MYERS PUTS
BUYER IN PETERSBURG

PETERSBURG, VA, Sept. 23.--The
Liggett Myers company, of st. Louis,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

going in the different sections Of the
territory under his charge. but the
round made yesterday was one that
was not on the,proEram
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
SOciietu


Mrs Russell Crenshaw. Who has
been spending sometime ia Richmond
as the guest 81 her aunt. Mrs Horace
Wexford Jones. IN East Franklin
street has gone 20 New York, from
which place she VIII shortly sail for
Panama IN order a. foin Lieutenant
Crenshsv who lie stationed there,
While Mrs, Crcrshaw was IN Njre ma
she visited relatives ~ Newport News
end A'hemarle c7a~.v and several
charm'rv entertainments were sven
In her homer
Prominent Wedding Today.
An opt-tf-toNn wedding ~ take
place J0Sav n much irt0rest Ner" Is
that ~ Mss Mar WcfhT Garter
dauEht-~ re- Mr. and Nfrs James Alex
7~der C0r'rr fol. Far"-5er 0or@'r ana
Mr. Et'.r' UrrE BeNo- 'eT. ~
"Rland@t EeH~y county. The oer"-
norv Nv aEr f'1ra ~ = clock IN
afteTno0~ Eff7 az@ 1EaNa tho 0.e
Garter bono near Marshall which
VIII oe followed hT izTge racert.
The house ~it ~ art5st.ealiv decor
atc3 y an hov ers s0a Mrs. GeorF"
Mech Garter ~ Philadelphia. VII
riav the wedding marches II SIS
Iuitet Randolph rartn~. cousin ~ tho
bridn wlli bc ma. IF honor ard 'he
brides o1'v attendant and Mr. WI
Lam WeINv @crer'ae Of IRIS city. WI
he his brr.her'e best man. Tho
Hshers include Niesers Tavier Scott
Garter z 0t~c.rraf3 hrn. hor ~ the
bride. Fft'! Hevet'es. j.. ~ Essex -.
Welhy C1r'er II Norfolk and FL
ward e Turner - fne Plains
Anorc the Etrh~aand people ~
tending ;Nn Tvta8z~r arr, AHsge and
Mrs = Garter Scott Misses Fam q
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

Mr., and Mrs. Lucius F. Cary have
returned to Richmond. after spend
ing the summer At Ron Air and have
moved into their new home. tS22
Hanover avenue.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

Mrs NJ Y. Armst4ad has taken an
apartment at the Gramon for the
winter.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24
Returning Home,

Or and Mrs. II stuart MacLean
have taken apartments at the Ores
ham Court for the winter.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1913-09-24

Mrs Harry baker has returned To-
the city. after spending the summer
at Natural Bridge.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21
FOR VALOR IN THE SERVICE

He was ike a water bug, caught under
tin cup and pushed with It under water
Downcv had been down in diving bells. II
was part Of his training in modern life say
ing. which forcSccs every cvcntuahty. But
the sudden swcrving Of the hood startled
him. He shudicrcd, thinking OF Skipper
Smith. Gagged like a rat in the schooner
stern. where the supply of air must be get
ting thicker and thicker, and terribly less.
"If she turns over. I'll just have 20 try It
again. with less air, he SAID, grlttlng his
teeth.
But luck was with him, as it sometimes IS
with men who dare greatly. The Swaying
stopped as the rim caught on something. and
his feet. dangling in the water. landed on the
mass of wrcckagc round the hatch Il was
mostly plank ends that had slipped back IN
their laShlngS. and he showed them back
from the hatchway one by one. till he could
see into the cabin. He WAS surprised 10 see
how light it was under water. The sea was
milky white, transparent.
odd Skippcrll see me when | get 10 him,
he said, remembering CaStroS warning
"We can see 10 swim our way out too.
Looking down the long slope Of the deck,
he saw plankS slipping away from the deck
load, rs ii drawn one by one from their fast
cningS; but it helped him to clear the hatch.
The compressed air under the hood WAS
growing bad, in the short time he had
breathed it. 1t made him work irantlcally.
thinking OF that other, older man in his mar
row cell. And now Surfman Downcy real
lied that the time had come to take his lie
into his hands.
Standing on the combng Of the roofleSS
cabin, half in and hall out OF water, he pccrcd
down into the gaping hole. Only the after
deck lay between him and the man III the
lazarcttc, like an inclined wooden wall. lie
must duck down under the hatch combing
and find the door OF the lazarcttc. II he
missed it
They'll take us both out together when
they raise the ship. that $ all he said grimy.
what am dawdling about. anyway
Downcy was not afraid to die. He reached
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21


warm moon hung over, hlmDIc ls'a,,, is
soft lights catching in the ornament Mark
ham $ companion wore, carcSslng her white
shoulders and dusky hair, soltcning the
shadows in her eyes, which pecrcd likca Gers
down the path Of light where the moon
beams played upon the water.
He had always thought her handsome.
but tonight she was a fragment Of the night
itself. with all its tenderness and is mc.n.
choly mystery. He watched her slender DIG.
urc as She reached forward, pluckcl q !. use,
and raised its petals 90 her llpS-a iul. blown
rose. wasting its last hours Of loycIin.
She fastened It in her corsagc and led tae
wav 10 a stone bench beneath an arbor ~
the end Of the wall. where she sat and mo.
toned % the place beside her.
The accord that existed between these
two was unusual because Of the total differ.
cncc in their points Of view on lite and the
habits Of thought that made each the mega.
tive pole Of the other However unusual
Markham may have appeared % a person
- oI,. T,b.rnv', training. he was not 40
,,,,,s,,gI ,.ourg man in the ordinary sense
lie had always taken life seriously, from the
hour when AS clerk in "a brokers' Office he
had started 10 work at night at the league
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21
SUNDAY MAGAZINE FOR SEPTEMBER IL 1919

then hi, eyes met hers in frank agreement.
@I'm Glad Of that. he said, with a slow smile.
81 Ike Won great deal"
She Straightcncd. her eyes sparkling mcr-
r;l,. you see, You're improving already.
have great hopes for YOU, Mr.. Markham.
She threw glance at the others and rose.
Here cndcth the first lesson. 1t IS time to.
dress. We will resume after dinner; that
i She added. If Olga will spare YOU for a
few moments"
"OIo. Madame Tchcrnv won't mind IN
tr. las, he laughed. If YOU can make
me, ANYBODY but myself. she Will thank you
from the bottom If her heart. Madame
T,rr~nv =, already at the point Of giving
ma. ,,,,. rs a homeless case"
~In what respects
ooh. in III respects. I'm % great d's1p-
81 mean socially professionally You see,
I'm not the stuff that successful portrait
,,,;,t.r. ar. made Of.
aEyro,,t ncrh,ns that Won really can
,,,;1t5- ibe 5sl.eI over her shoulder.
H. shrrogoJ and followed.
As the guests gathered in the drawing
n room and on the terrace before dinner
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21

for one" DoWncv told CdSco. i've been
down in EN- Its heavy enough 70 sink Of
its own weight. and it will take down air
enough for me inside 10 clear that wrcckagc
away from the hatch. Then I'll dive in and
get the skipper.
Its the comm back that counts, CaSco
said sombcrly.
Its worth trying, anyway, and he's dead
otherwise, Downcy grated, and the liicboat
took the inlet with rush.
one thing Downcy had not counted on.
As he made for the wireless plant, with the
crew hauling the big boat truck at his heels,
q girls figure tluttcrcd from the crowd round
the life station door. The news had spread
to Barncgat village, and Sue" he cried.
"Iou here"
What passed was a rush of words; but
Surfman Downcv broke away with his head
in the stars. Save Dad," rang in his ears.
And I'll get him, never doubt it, he
swore.
THE men OF Ships Bottom never worked
faster than then. Crowding into the
wireless house, a score OF brawny bodtmcn
lifted the big black hood off the dynamo.
Loading it on the sand wagon, they ran the
truck, with its heavy burden, down the
beach and into the water, alongside the life
boat. and lifted the steel hood bodily aboard.
Almost before the crowd on the beach real
lied what had happened the boat WAS plow-
ing seward. Walowing under its strange
ircghtagc it ran alongside the wreck. Two
men swarmcd up the main boom, which was
still above water, and with block and tackle
the hood was swung clear Of the boat, ready
to lower away.
"Shc's sinking fast better hurry" were
Casco's last words, as Downcy swung him
self under the diving bell, holding on by the
tlangc as it was lowered, bclching and boom
ing, down into the sea.
and I'll bet the Inspector himself never
thought OF a plan like this to work under
water, and burrow into a ship till can dive
into that cabin and fetch out old Cap'n
Smith" Downey chuckled to himself.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21

, ri -. 90, IN ,rj Hernia inst
,I',' III! - 1'., ','', ';', That make
nrGNc ti'rouS" N'Sh'' 'o'
II I'VE ,Tu. ..... =, b.,d foIIo,yci the
Mdrkh'iH' lt''I' III l'ir'' ,,,I y,,trbrJ
loui''''' - '' ,,,,,l..j frnno the
ohc W"ul' h'\ .''' -, III L,l boon -,
way she p!J .t.,'r f'' ~, sSrr;icnt that had
since GAVIN ana ''i 49, V,,,tb ,,as
temporarily I''.'i"''''','.', - ,.,J ,,racn
triumphant NlRo'' ',': 49,
marked every m'''fl,i,,' ', ,,,, -. ,5 No.,
i'''t SCI '.'' Wv ,I.. l.I., irs, .,ying II
the quick [c'"Etll' ,.'r ''. .5,, ', IN ~ yTch
the N','rE 'I'': ,'.l .l''-ir',.' ,, MN
ah'"'. '', '' d. i''e'' .,...;.,., AMI Progic
tennis may ,'' S',' M i. ,'s, ~ LSlj
'i'Ii',''' ~ T.. - ,r;,.,,t gr,,f,c
,Ji q. yen ''.,.'. ',I .,,.r limo in The
NII' H'.'''i '''' .'' Iii ,brn,,gh nv
betting ou' A','..''',''. ','',, f.,,,.
good passing ana MADE inc ,I' I ,I'',t ~ .r,~
.Ead. II i,'hyS me w.. T." ~, III, cnII.r
said Crosby Downs hRc'R d. In ms r 'o'' ~
band, ms iaCC pii'N ',L"' nom '.,e ,''' "
the open. Make en- S','; IN i 80.
He droppei in,3 "l."en '','i Cnlf;s hgi
vigorous! Nun ~, ,,o ,,.n5~ h. siohrf
enough. oh' "I'"' INC "''' ~ '''N
heavily. ,.~ .u.l ,L.
Been goI'lng, crosby, '''''''' ''''
Counties. H.. t...,-..,.r.l
"Oh, 'tI IL 'ii.' Iu NM, D."
"R,ff.u came that Doctor orders. y
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-09-21

Continued y-v sr :
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1913-12-30
MISS CONIBEAR'S WORK
IN DESOTO COUNTY

Miss Ruth Conibear, who Is agent
in DeSoto county for the Boys Corn
and Girls Canning Clubs, talks very
Interestingly of the work, and on a
recent visit to her family here, she
gave little insight into the work
now being accomplished in ,DeSoto
county, as follows:
The school extension work is
being introduced in DeSoto county
to stimulate activities ror economic,
educational, social and moral i'm
prOvement, to furnish leaders for
such betterment work in rural
/, schools. Putting into operation pol
, iciets generally regarded as being
desirable, but which individuals or
individual communities could not
put into operation. So the county
was selected as unit for this ex-
tension work.
"The extension work is commit
ted to the following principal lines
of activities: I, organizing boys
corn clubs; 2, organizing girls to-
mato clubs; 3, improving of sanitary
and hygiene conditions; 4, civic
betterment and Identification; s.
! bird protection.
"Where this work is being intro
duced in a county the superintend
ent of public instruction and the
teacher find they can reach the boys
and girls in all sections of the coun.
try more quickly and effectively
than any other agency. So the
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1913-12-30
NATIONAL PATHFINDER
FAV0RS AUBURNDALE ROUTE

A route closely followed BY the
right OF way of the Atlantic Coast
Line is the logical route for the
trans-Florida highway, in the opin-
ion of Oscar M. Wells, in charge of
the pathfinder car for the automobile
Club of America, which arrived at
the Hillsboro hotel last night at
9:45.
We have made careful survey
OF the route from the East Coast to
the West" said Mr.. Wells, land it
is my opinion-and | shall so report
that the thousands of touring cars
which will soon be coming across
! this State should come v. Sanford
Orlando, Kissimmee, Haines City,
Lake Alfred, Auburndale and Lake
land to Tampa
I'VE believe in the shortest posi-
Bile distance between the starting
point and the fixed destination and
that is the route | have decided upon
after making personal examination
of its territory There will be 9th
err or alternative routes, but it is
the trunk line in which we are es-
pecially interested.
The pathfinder car of the Auto
mobile Club of America, in charge
of O. NJ Wells, reached Tampa last
night from Daytona, from which
point the tour across the State anC
down the West Coast was continued
from a trip already made as fan
south as Miami on the East Coast
Tampa Tribune.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1913-12-30
SHEPHERD OF THE HILLS
AT AUDITORIUM TONIGHT

One of the best shows that will
probably be seen at the Auditorium
this season will be presented at that
popular playhouse tonight, when
TIE Shepherd of the Hills" one OF
the late New York successes, will be
the attraction. This is play that
makes any one feel better for hav-
ing seen it, and from the advance
reserved seat sale large crowd will
be in attendance. Manager Green
is to be graduated on the high
class productions he has booked for
Lakeland this season, glance over
his Attractions Coming showing
that Lakeland is getting the best
there is to be had.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1913-12-30
NOTICE

Having purchased the Central
Cafe, | am now sole owner of that
restaurant and will give my close
personal attention to its operation.
| hope to improve the service IN
some respects; will install a lunch
counter and pay particular attention
to the short order feature. In short,
I propose to conduct place where
either the most modest lunch or a
satisfactory meal can be secured at
all times and served with neatness
and promptness. Soliciting the pat
ronage of the public along these
lines, am respectfully
1874 E. c.. ELDER.