davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

hoceo IN the sixth week, but laughing does NOT
come until much later. About the second or third month
.e nrst consonant Is uttered in such sounds as na
pa" ~ 90 nia'
me measure OF the childs development IS it's grow
ing interest In Its surroundings and this is gaured bv
"alcnlne the movements of the head eyes arms in
connection with what it and hears It has bepun
10 recognize surroundings and even faces # NAV he
afraid of strangers. ~
AZ Tue next three months OF life there is rather a
'ioaoening or the powers already attained than tho
use OF any new powers 1t is not until the sixth month
liz ie infant seems to have appreciation of SELF
has Seveio certain IN every muscular movement he
nas ue'elopeo MS muscular sense and has localized
SsusatonS IN himself as we'll become able 10 aeti
nate Instances outside. He tries to sit nm IIa stre
a .oe iepeatedly with spoon or bunch OF KEYS He
eHpIesses feelings OF JOY dislike with many varia
babble. " IAN ~ niihsef IN kind OF
The sense Of touch is Of greatest Importance in LAYING
Inc foundation for the consciousness of self He feels
MS own hand Or feet and learns in this way To dis
t1nguish himself from the outside world
urng the eighth ninth and tenth months the nrocess
or maturing goes on The baby is now learnin
10 initiate. He will clap his hands or nod the head
yes or no., If taught During this period he begins
to stand and tries to walk ~ oe
During the next four months the child IS imnroving
rapidly In powers of imitation locomotion He goes
on all tours If he cannot He is beginning to learn
thRgs and persons. The chief actors now at WORK In
o1lolng up the knowledge of self are: az The sense
Oh PAIN, which always marks off self from the outer
%ora W the perception that changes can be effected
oy the cnllds own activity cause and eec) and (3l
the comparison of himself with those around him.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

slowed up in a station.
The passengers rose to stretch
their legs and breathe the chill fresh
air.
A lady in rich furs was being
helped into the carriage by a man
servant who followed with her bags
and wraps.
Goodbye. Afanasie." she said:
keep we'll and see that all eoes
all right"
Goodbye. Marie-a pleasant
Journey" he replied. land. remember
the stoves for the outhouses."
AL righ:. good-b bye" and the train
started at the third bell.
THE RUSSIAN CHUCKLEs.
The Russian was chucklins hap
PLY as he went back to HIS COM
partment with the Englishman.
And therein" he said. "lies Rr..
sia's freedom. In England would YOU
see one so free. so easy with ono,
servants? No. you are afra,d =,
1t is no joke. Before the servant..
is phrase have often heard. II Is,
the great caution OF your lives. And
it Is not only the servants you fear.
but your neghbor. your acquaintance
and your friend"
What do you mean7
mean you have no freedom In
your homes and in your daily life
GU are always thinking. What will
they say? Would men come to your
table and speak as those men smoke
10 u.s. they told us OF their lives.
IT was confidence they had in us
because we also are men. We Rus
SLAMS have our police and our priests.
1t Is true. but You have them also In
another form-in one form, rather
the convention.
"oh. the things have seen In
England. tho silly little rules, even
In the family. You must sit-so.
you must eat-so. you must speak
SO. you must walk-so. you must
think-so. you must lead all your
hfe-just so. and IL you do not, 'peo.
pie will talk But we in Russia can
DO as we like We are free
Ono day. perhaps. We will govern
ourselves and our police will be
our helpers and not our tyrants. and
we will become civilized-just SO.
But Will DO dead then. thank God.
Tell me. Is It better to BIO free In
ones politics or in ones homo among
ones friends' Answer mo that--nos
now. but when you go home again
and find yourself a slave"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
zz * Il The Land of Liberty 81 #a ST

~ rearon while they worried over
his pass out from the country. The
police are kept informed OF every
step we take-isn't it so?-and they
do no good with 1t all.
Look at the political refugees We
think in England that they must be
all frantic Nihilists. and not merely
law-abiding citizens who merely Of
fer n theoretical opposition tn the
Government. 1t Is all unheard of
with us-thIs tyranny of spying and
super spying. No. whatever it is,
Russia is not free"
The train. after miles on miles OF
snow-crusted land. was passing
through a little struggling village
The moon had risen over the white
steppes. and In the clear light the
lines Of homesteads. ell alike with the
big gateway leading into the ward
beside tho house. the timber walls.
the low thatch and the all-pervading,
unutterable filth OF dirt and trodden
snow. showed up strongly against the
white surroundings At intervals on
rising ground rose pure white
churches. with now golden. now blue
domes. seeming most callously aloof
among these mean surroundings
THE RUSSIAN SMILES.
See there" said the Englishman
In the warm. well-lit car, there's
tyranny even here Look at the squat
or or those homes. imagine the drink
sodden men within them, and look at
those cold. white churches. that teach
their people, the flock Of poor, simple
sheep. to pray for heaven and to live
In hell. The priests are worse than
the police--they tyrannize over mems
souls and build churches with tho
money they extort by the fear OF ever
lasting punishment"
But the Russian still drummed on
the table and smiled at some Inner
thought he could not yet express
Two men entering tho car asked II
they might sit at their table and fell
TO chatting with them. The Russians
talked freely OF their affairs. OF their
destinations and their homo life. One
army
But yoa." he said, turning to tho
Englishman. you have no conscrip-
ton. have your"
NO" was the answer. I'VE say
that willing soldier Is better than
three pressed men. Another point"
he added to his companion: and he
went on to tell OF the freedom OF
English lives until the train at last
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

"Oh. 1t only says here that he Is
going to take passengers for flights
at $50 each from Seaham Aerodrome
this afternoon. and each day this
week. the money to go TO a fund for
the widows and children OF the heroes
OF that terrible mine disaster" Cecil
glanced up. her heart beating rap
idly. Then I'm going UP with him."
she said firmly
The afternoon proved dull and
rather rough. AMI not many people
seemed anxious for aerial honors.
though very large crowds had as
sembied when Jack and Cecil ep-
peared.
On account OF the contrar!ness Of
the wind 1t was late before they
made a start. Cecil's heart throbbed
with a wild excitement as she took
her place in the machine with SEEM
ing calmness. There was deafen-
Ing noise from the engine. and then
the monoplane rose with the grace
and swiftness of a bird. At. first
Cecil felt as though she must scream.
for It seemed as If the breath was
being forced out of her body and
she must surely die.
But that feeling soon passed off.
and a sense OF glorious exhilaration
took its place as they rose higher and
higher. till the cheering. waving
crowds became mere specks below
them. Soon they had risen sufficient
iy high. the wind dropped and they
went out over the water.
"All 'right" shouted Clavering. And
Cecil called back:
Yes, It's fine"
On they went, Swimming through
the air. high above the tossing
waters; then suddenly. they seemed to
get caught In a wind eddy. and the
plane swung right around.
Keep calm-hold tightw roared
Clavering; and Cecil saw that the
bronzed face was set and anxious.
For some time they fought grim
battle with the clustering wind; then
came short, sharp exclamation from
Ronald, Earring of the machinery,
and the aeroplane rocked violently.
something was evidently very
wrong, but calm. cool courage took
possession OF Cecil. Now was the
time to show that women have grit
as we'll as meni
the steering gears gone wrong"
shouted Clavering. wondering how
much he should tell his passenger.
Il thought something was up" re-
piled Cecil calmly. is 1t serious?
DRIFTING.
The aviator looked at. her admir-
ingly.
A sudden downward swerve stopped
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

any further conversation. and for a
long time Clavering was busily en-
gagged doing his best to control the
aeroplane, which tossed about at the
mercy of the wind. Cecil was getting
cold and cramped. She knew they
must have been In the air long
time. for darkness was threatening
TO set In: yet. strangely enough. she
felt no fear. though she was sure
they were drifting to death. but she
did not care what happened go long
as that stern, brave figure was with
her.
All, how little she had thought her
adventure would turn out like this She
had intended to get home quickly, I'M
observed, directly she found herself back
in the aerodrome grounds; and now
I'VE are nearing the land" Claver-
ings voice broke in on her reverie.
There is a chance after all'-
The rest OF his sentence was carried
away by a violent gust Of wind which
tossed them about: then Cecil saw the
long, low line OF the shore. The plane
made a swift, vicious swoop. They were
falling!
Look out" she heard Ronald's short.
sharp words. Then came a terrific crash.
She struggled hard not to lose conscious
ness as she saw Clavering standing over
her and heard his voice:
Saved by a miracle! I came down as
gently as I could. Are you hurt?' no
asked anxiously as she did not speak,
and he helped her gently to her feet.
You're brick, Miss Traversl II you
had not kept UP your courage so spIend-
didly might have lost my own
nerve"
Cecil blushed deeply, as she recovered
consciousness, to find herself in Claver-
ings arms.
"Ah. that's betterI What fright you
have given mel" he exclaimed. She tried
to sit up. but he stiIl held her.
Take 1t easy-you'd best keep
quiet bit. The shock has been too
much for you. And 1 Will get you
home directly you are able"
His clasp of her frightened. and
there was no MISLEADING the emotion
In his voice. Cecil looked up into the
gray eyes, no longer stern, but with
an expression of wonderful tender
ness in their depths. and suddenly
she scarcely knew why. she burst into
a passion of tears. And Clavering
felt that he loved her for her weak.
ness, even as he had admired her for
her courage.
Dear little girl what is the mat
ter?" he whispered gently.
II had no right to do It," she
sobbed. What must you think of
me?"
But 1t was nearly a fortnight later
when he told her what he really
thought. And now the famous avia-
tors charming wife accompanies him
on most Of his wonderful flights. but
no often leases her about the first one.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
At the Mercy of the Air

<fT7 HERE you are. Sis. that Is
Ronald Clavering. the tall
l. chap with the bronzed face
talking to aunt
Cecilia Travers looked across the
room. and at that moment the deep
gray eyes belonging to tho bronzed
face met hers. Cecil. as she was
Familiarity called. blushed and turned
away. and her usually well-regulated
heart beat violently.
isn't he a hne-looking chap" pur-
sued Jack Travers. And he is just
as splendid as he looks. the bravest
and most daring aviator in England
And he won the
IT know everything he has done"
Interrupted his sister eagerly. He
is Just grand. and I've always longed
to see him."
This was Cec!ls twenty-f1rst birth
day, and Mrs. Denton. Cecirs aunt
was giving dinner party in her
honor She now came over to them.
Jack. will you take Miss Marsh In
TO dinner. Cecil. dear. 1 have paired
you off with Mr.. Clavering. I know
you are crazy about aviation. though
! don't suppose you will get him to
say much about his own exploits. He
is SO terribly modest!'
Cecil looked up rather resentfully
at her companion. She told herself
she hated him. and felt angry that
his voice and a glance from his eyes
haa ri
furiously and make her blush like
fapper. And Ronald Clavering. the
woman-hater, found himself watching
her sweet face with more than ordi-
nary interest Finding how enthu-
siastic she was about the navigation
of the air, he patiently answered her
many questions. and explained all he
could to her.
A few days later Cecil sat sketch
ing. and, as she worked, one face
would como between her and her
drawing board-a bronzed face, with
deep. grey eyes An angry little
frown puckered her forehead.
herself.
At last she pushed her work i'm
patiently away, and sat staring
dreamily before her. A sudden ex-
clamation from Jack, who was read
ing the paper. made her look up.
what is 1t Jack"
you remember Mr.. Clavering who
took you in to dinner on your birth
day?"
Cecirs cheeks burned at the mem
ton of the man who had been filling
her thoughts.
eyes. I remember him. Well. what
about him?"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
BY CARL ANDovER.
on over the steppes; warm

THE train rumbled comfortably
on over the steppes; warm
lights from the carriages
Elowed in passing reflection
In the snow. and into that frozen
land. numbe1 to desolation = meath
the tyrannous thrall OF Winter. the
train seemed to be strange In
truder from other lands, bearing ita
1t the cause OF splendid liberty.
And yet" said Peter Ivanovitch.
seated In the restaurant car. "I feel
I am coming to land OF freedom"
How 500" demanded the English
man
1T is the feeling I have" replied
his companion.
"Freedom" exclaimed the English
man. Russia a land of freedom!
Why. man. 1t is absurd. Look at the
trouble we had crossing the frontier
the endless screenings and formali-
ties. that awful wait in the customs
while they examined our passports.
and those poor Poles herded together
in that pen like beasts. Oh. It all
sickened me at the very start
Then the hotels had to see our
passes. and do you remember that
gang of poor folk being swung along
between those soldiers? Did you ever
see such poor. lnck-lustre creatures.
hurried along without knowing why.
except because they had been stung
to some useless protest? I'll never
forget the look on their faces-of
utter dull hopelessness. And yet you
call 1t land of liberty. Why, in
the name Of reason, why?"
1t Is not my reason that feels It."
said the Russian. And yeti
NO., said his fellow traveller; ito
you perhaps Russia may seem free,
because you are coming home. and
you know all the conventions. and
are looking forward to familiar
intimacy with your own people. That,
no doubt, is a freedoms personal
freedom; but it Is by no means 4
trait OF Russia as u country"
HIS OBJECTIONS.
The Russian smiled rehectively,
and tapped on the table with his
fingers.
"Of course. speak without knowl-
edge, except from what I've read"
continued the Englishman. land
there must be great deal in tho
land that makes all my friends come
back so continually to Russia, but
what l. am afraid will drive me furi-
Gus is tho lack OF freedom hero. A
friend OF mine was kept in Moscow
for whole week once for no earth
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

appears in the first month, for in
crying the child utters some vowel
sounds, If only by chance Memory
and recognition, however, have not
yet appeared.
In the second, third and fourth
months his progress. especially in the
higher forms of mental activity, is
rapid. His muscular movements are
made less at random. He rubs one
foot against the other and moves
his eyes together. showing control
of the eye muscles. The child blinks
II an object threatens. A little later
he develops control of the neck mus
cles and begins to balance the heavy
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

mead This usually comes toward the end of the third
month.
Sensory Impressions begin to awaken more In
eres1 Gstenlng objects especially attractive and
even elementary differences in color appear to be no.
ticed The baby begins to connect sight and touch
desire to grasp with the hand the bright object held
before the eyes arises but as yet no sense of
distance and the infant may try to grasp the moon or
light that is ten feet away. These efforts result
from the undeveloped muscular sense which grows
only with experience.
Loud noises cause the child to start, and harmonious
noises please. such the ticking of watch or the
notes Of piano learns to try to locate sounds
and although at first often mistaken he gradually be-
comes able to turn his head in the direction whence
the sound issues.
Emotional states now developed The baby is
dspeased If the spoon taken away the toy is out
OF reach Laughing in response to tickling has been
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
S n a p
S h Q t S

mine. every ones
As not to fancy what were fair
p In life,
Wb6.vided it could be; but fnding frst
fa, may be. then how to make II
p t TO our means-a very different
ROBERT BROWNING.
eeware OF desperate steps The dark
Live till Tomorrow. will have passed
away. SELECTED.
There is pity in forgotten things.
Han1 ionsar the Is, heart they can no
Since restless Fancy spreading swal.
low wings
Must seek new pleasures still!
There is a patience. too In things
forgot;
They wait-they find the portal
long unused.
And. knocking there. 1t shall refuse
Nor aught nor aught shall be re-
EDITH NJ. THOMAS
by land or sea, by night or day.
The friends I seek are seeking me;
No wind can drive my bark astray
Or change the tide of destiny"
Life IS play In which we do not
choose our parts. They are chosen
Tor us by the author of the play. But
We do decide whether we will play
them well or Ill. -OV1D.
Though Ambition have one heel
nailed in hell. yet she stretches her
fingers toward the heavens.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
Be merciful to me. o God!
The Arab proverb cries
A sinner !, and so my plea
Graves answer from Thy skies
Thy mercy is already shown
Unto all virtuous-Lo!
Thy mercy to the righteous man
Is that Thou madest him so.
MAIDEN MUSINGS.
What chance has sane. sensible
reason against the fortified power OF
a wild habit?
Loss is unpleasant-but 1T never
rises to the dignity OF calamity un-
less 1t Is tho loss OF self-respect.
There Is m ore real JOY in carrying
out intentions than in merely plan
ming to do It,
A good way to be at peace with
be unafraid or 1t. to sec some good
in 1t. and to give much to It!
THOU ART LIKE A FLOWER.
<After the German Of Heinrich Heine.)
An. Love. you arc a flower.
SO fair. so sweet. so pure;
think in sacred wonder
or storms you must endure
Ny heart sings benediction.
The while make my prayer,
That God in Heaven will keep you
Forever pure and fair.
LILLIAN LAUFERTY.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

originated first as token of defeat That is,
when an army was defeated. it's flag was
lowered down the staff to give room for the
victorious army to place It's flag above that
of the defeated army.
From this the custom grew into flying the
flag at half staff when an officer. army or
navy. died. Later 1t was adopted by civilians
as we'll. and to-day when man of promi-
nence dies, regardless of whether he was
sailor, soldier or civilian, the flags are hung
at half staff Whereas. in the olden days,
when the custom started, the upper space
was left to indicate that the victor could put
his flag there. now it seems that Death IT,
the victor, and SO the space is left. 1t is. Of
course. mark of respect TO the dead person
to have flags at half staff for him.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

CIRCULATION In our country, counting foreign
money All of 1t may look alike yet all of these ten
ties include:
Gold coins, standard silver dollars subsidiary silver
gold certificates silver certificates Treasury notes
United States notes (greenbacks national bank notes
nickel coins and bronze coins.
Some of the most impressive of the paper currency
included In the above list is legal tender at ALL AS
Tor the minor coins they legal tender in small
amounts would surprise ninety.nine out of every
hundred people
Gold certificates, silver certificates national bank
notes. of which such large Quantities circulate eDarn
where IN this country not legal tender Silver dol
lars are legal tender and may be paid to any
amount but silver half and quarter dollars are legal
only to the amount Of ten dollars, while nickel and
copper or bronze coins legal tender only to the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24

amount of twenty-five cents
Treasury notes of the 1890 are legal tender to
ner race value In payment Of all debts public and
private unless In some contract stipulation is made to
the contrary To be exact, the United States notes or
greenhacks, as they equally we'll known are legal
lender with the exception Of duties imports and in
terest on the public debt Practically however since
the resumption of specie payment 1879 greenbacks
nave been received freely and without question by the
Government.
While the gold and silver certificates are not legal
tender as between Individuals both issues are receiy
able for all Government dues of whatever In this
respect they are legally acceptable than the green
backs National bank notes, while legal tender and
not receivable for duties imports, may be paid by
the Government for salaries and in discharge of all
oe6ts OF the Government except interest dues and in
redemption OF national currency
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
Why All Our Money Is NOT LEGAL TENDER

TT would probably surprise people to know that
all of our American money meaning United
States, is not legal tender AS matter of fact
there bigger surprise yet and that is the knowl
edge OF how little of this actually legal tender
Legal tender" means money that be given in
payment OF debt obligation of to the creditor
'in full of all demands
OF course we have special enactment in our coun-
Try which stipulaes that foreign coin of kind
denomination is legal tender the United States But
aside from all this. there is CON- and the
WORD mere includes paper money, that is legal
der, although. course practically every one will ac.
cept 1t without question The point is, however there
are various sorts of money which perfectly
good. but which. If it came to lay, need not &C.
cept as legal tender
In the first place there ten kinds of money in
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
FLAGS at "HALF- STAFF"

X TEARLY every one speaks OF flag, when
IN being flown at distance from the top
of the pole, as at half mast" This is
not the correct expression. Such flags are
at half staff" because they are flown in this
manner whether on land or sea from the flag
stan.
To see flag at half staff means death. It
may mean. on an incoming ship, that one of
the passengers or crew died at sea. Many
little fishing vessel comes into Gloucester
and T wharf in Boston every season with
flag at half staff, and this means one of the
fishermen, or more, has met death, generally
by being swept overheard.
This custom OF flying flags at half stan
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-08-24
How the
CHILD
LEARNS
TO THINK
BY David Forsyth, M. D., d. Sc.

X ToTHlNG is more fascinating than to watch the
IN development OF chid's mental powers, and 1t is
OF the utmost Importance for parents and nurses
70 understand the exact stages through which the child
passes In becoming rational. thinking being. Science
has been making exhaustive study OF this subject
lately and IS now able to mark with accuracy all the
various Gages in the brain development OF the normal
infant
At first the infant spends the greater number his
hours 10 sleep He is so quickly tired by the
stimulation OF the senge-organs that he falls
again into the sleep In which me was wrapped before
birth.
Light and noise begin to be appreciated before tho
end OF the fret week but seeing aud hearing little
Importance Immediately after birth. and in their stead
the senses of taste and smell relatively In
the lips and tongue the OF touch and the ability
to feel heat and cold particularly we'll developed
The newborn baby has experience Intelligence or