davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1913-05-03
COP SLUGS A Man, But STAYS ON THE FORCE
WOMEN POLICE TO
GUARD CITY JAILS

Hy United Press Leased Wire
LOS ANGELES. May 3--Los
Angeles ia 10 have 80 additional
women police 20 guard girls OF
the city against the white slave
traffickers Tho appointment
of women was authorized nj a
meeting of the police commits
sion. Five will be regular uni
formed police. while 20 will
work In plain clothes
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1913-05-03
Speaking of Scutari

TINE Powers held five Kings
A big. assorted lot
Il One Montenegro had,
Out still she won the pot;
Sometimes a bluff game wlns
And sometime IL does not.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

can see things worth seeing for much
less In most European countries peo-
Pies theaters are few. civilized England,
despite the experiment Of Walter Besant
with the Peoples Palace, has none at all,
and the hard-up workman resorts to the
moving picture ~ the cheap variety show.
Yet barbarous Russia has io1 theaters
existing wholly and entirely for the work
ing class. They range from splendid
stone playhouses and opera houses, one
of which is the biggest theater IN the
world down to modest frame buildings
in remote "uyeZd" towns And i'll add
ton To 4V6 OF such peoples theaters there
are many others that are too modest for
statistics and consist chiefly of an enter
prlsing Schoolmaster, a barn and a IeW
artistic mGZhks.
Peoples theaters existed in Russia at
times when there were none at all else
where. They existed under serfdom. and
IN fact originated with sertdom Wealthy
owners OF thousands Of souls" used to
send the most promising "sou!s' to Mos
cow and Petersburg that they might
learn to dance, play and sing, and these
histF4oulc muZh3ks. though remaining
slaves. We're kept fer my lords entertain
ment. Just thu medieval barons kept
testers and buffoons. Soon after the
emancipation an eN-Serf named Michail-
owsk%. who had been trained as an opera
singer at the cost of Prince Demidon.
started, in the town OF TSer a small.
cheap theatcr for the working classes
The need for doing something to enter
tain the nov free muZhii led 10 small
tEeaters being started BY kind hearted
people IN towns and even in villages.
chiefly IL 'Famboy and kursk govern
mentS and several towns later started
municipal peoples tneaters with popular
prices, or allotted the use of the ordinary
theaters for several days in the week to
audiences of workingmen
Up until 1898 Russia had no chance
OF getting people theater OF any size.
In that year came the first stimulus. and,
like many other Russian innovations, il
came from Sergius Julevitsch Witte. In
1895 White started. as an experiment in
six eastern provinces. the State Vodka
Monopoly, under which the whole manu-
facture and sale of spirits, with the ex-
ception of raw distillation.sawere de-
clared monopoly of the imperial gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

advent OF the time when II is Gods VIII
to deliver us through His own appointed
agent. | trust 1t may be you, as | be-
Iieve it is.
1T would comfort me greatly if YOU
could only find an opportunity to write
me q full. long letter. AS soon as we
are Established here | am anxious TO leave
Mrs. Chestnut with the children and bring
Iii Pie (evidently the baby to see you.
] do not know how soon that may be.
God grant it may be soon The gentle
men / have seen here tthe officers of the
post, are exceedingly kind, and have Of
fered me every civility in their power.
The surgeon general was also very kind
in his offers of service. Col. Johnston
with his wife called to see me. Mrs. Joe
Johnston is here living with the cashier
of the bank and family. and keeps
very pretty fancy carriage and horse. /
have not seen her. but hear she is go
ing out of town before long to some
watering place or other Mrs. Semmes
went off yesterday for the south. | did
not see her. The Wigfalls are staying.
I believe with Mrs. Johnston, also. They
arrived yesterday.
Il heard a funny account of Wigfall'S
interview with Beauresard. 1t seems he
went to sec him on his way to this place.
and when the news OF the evacuation of
Richmond came. and that the enemy had
not yet entered the town. the gem.
said. oh they do not understand the
situation. 1t is or ought to be, a plan of
enemy If Grant attempts to throw
troops between his army and Richmond,
Lee can whip them in detail With
this plan WiSfail was Immensely sat
istied.
Il cannot Judge of the moral effect of
the fall of Richmond. The people here
Were about as low down they could
he before, as | infer from little things.
but, upon the Whole. do not think the
shock is as great as / expected.
I'VE had a digest of your address to the
people today, and | could not make much
OF II. except an encouraging eXhortation.
Am anxious to see the whole thing. Num-
berleSS surrniseS are haZarded here to
your future destination and occupation.
but | know that wherever You and in
whatever engaged II is in efficient
manner for the country. The way things
look now the trans Mississippi seems our
ultimate destination.
Though I know you do not like my in
reference, let me entrea. You not to send
b. B. to command there l am satisfied
that the country will be ruined by it's
intestine feudS If YOU do So If your
friends thought it best / should feel help
less, but resigned but even those who
hope for favors in that event deprecate
it for you. If / am intrusive forgive me
for the sake of the love which impels
me- but pray long and fervently before
YOU decide to do il.
Mrs. Chestnut wrote me a most at
fectionate letter from Chester today.
She is staying in two rooms very badly
furnished, and furnished with food by
her friends there. AS ] shall have "A
spare room. she will come over and stay
few days with me. I have carpets,
some curtains some window shades and
three pictures and some lovely volumes
of books belonging to man in Augusta
a marble table, brocatelle chairs, nice
china and nice tin basins and buckets.
/ am very we'll off and very kindly treat
cd by the Jewish man, Wiele, who owns
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

God bless guide and preserve you,
ever prays,
your most affectionate,
BANNY-
"P. 81 sent you telegram, but fear
it was stopped on the road. General Bon
and he awaits me to write this. Again
and ever yours
Five days later Mrs. Davis is at Able
vile. She writes despairingly as follows
concerning herself and her children:
''ABBENILLE, April 10, 1860.
"My Dear Old Banny:
The fearful news | hear fills me with
horror This is that Gen. Lees army are
in effect disbanded, Longstreet's corps
having surrendered. Mahone's also saw
ing one brigade. l do not believe ALL yet
enough is thrust upon my unwilling
credence to weigh me to the earth
Where are YOU? How are you" What
ought | do with these helpless little I'M
conscious charges of mine are questions
which ] am asking myself always. Write
to me of your troubles freely for mercy's
sake. Do not attempt to put a good face
upon them to the friend of your heart.
''Since left Richmond no such heartfelt
welcome has been extended to me as the
one [ received here-they will hear of no
change of place for the present. and urge
ne with tears in their eyes to share with
them the little they can offer. People call
promptly and seem to feel warmly. Mr..
Burt really seems to feel tenderly to us.
pets the children and does every kind
thing in his power to me. Mrs. Burt Is
more than affectionate.
''Jeffy d. was taken quite ill on the cars,
and is here sick at Mr. Trenholm's who
lives just across the street. ne is better,
but not well. He and Joe both had very
badly swollen threats with high fever
Joe was nearly well and went with the
train which left here yesterday evening.
having arrived in the night. | hear it has
been stopped nine miles from here by a
rumored raid below here. I do not know
how true this is ] shall wait your further
directions here. Do write every day and
make the staff send the notes Il do not
expect more) Iy officers coming this way
i am SO unhappy and anxious.
The children we'll and very happy
play all day. Billy and Jim fast friends
as ever. Little Winnie the sweetest little
angelic thing in the world-she rode along
in the wagon as we bumped over the hor-
riblc roads. making Nose at everything
the children seemed to improve under it.
Mr.. Clay passed through here today but
did not stop long enough to see me. /
felt quite disappointed. because he was
SO very kind to me at Chester and Char
lotte; he sent me word he would see me
at Washington i'll very few days.
Margaret sends you her best love- little
Polite sends hers, and the boys-your little
pet would / know feel for you if she
hoped to find you.
May God in His mercy keep You safe
and raise up defenders for our bleeding
country prays your devoted wife.
9th.
My Own Dear Old Banny: The dreadful
news with its dreadful confirmation has
rendered very Wretched. [ long for
one word from you. | will come to you
for q day or two if this truce is really so
j. G., if you cannot come to me. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

at From there We shall probably go
on TO Atlanta or Whereabouts. and wait
a little until we hear something OF YOU.
Let me beseech YOU not 70 calculate upon
seeing me unless l happen to cross your
shortest path toward your bourne be that
what il may.
1t is surely not the fate 10 which
Won invited me in brighter DAYS. But
You must remember that YOU did not in
Nite me TO a great hero's home, but To
that of plain farmer ! have shared all
your triumphs. been the only beneficiary
OF them, now I am but claiming the priv
iTege for the first time OF being all 10
YOU now these pleasures have past
for me.
My plans are these. subject TO your
approval l think / shall he able TO pro-
cure funds enough 10 enable me TO put
the two eldest 10 school | shall so 70
Florida II possible, and from thence 60
over to Bermuda. or Nassau. from thence
10 England. unless a good school offers
elsewhere. and put them to the best
school ] can find and then with the two
youngest join YOU In TeNas-and that is
the prospect which bears me up. 10 he
once more with Nou-once more 10 suffer
with YOU If need he--hut God loves those
who obey Him. and ! know there Is
future for YOU This people are a craven
set they cannot bear the tug Of war
Here they are all your friends and
YOU. Mr.. Bart and his wife have urged
me to live with them-ofered to take
the chances OF the Yankees with us
begged 10 have little Maggie-done every
thing in fact that relatives could do
] shall never forget all their generous
devotion to YOU
Il have seen a great many men vino
have gone through-not one has talked
fight stand cannot be made In this
country Do not be induced To try IT, ~
To the trans Mississippi. | doubt II n frs
things VIII be straight. but the spirit i
there. and the daily accretons viii be
great when the GelUded of this side are
crushed ont between the upper and neither
milStones. But YOU have now tried the
strict construction fallacy. If we are
to require a Constitution, II must be
much stretched during our hours Of out
side pressure II II covers us at all.
Il have a very painful thumb run
around has caused il to ache violently.
I r1ust close. Maggie SAYS IN the antic4-
patton OF her Journey she MAS forced to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

strangely about putting the things you
directed. Robert says she would not per-
nit to pack: that she even took gro
ceries out of the mess chest when he
had put a small quantity there.
Little MaGgies saddle was concealed.
and | learned after we left Richmond
was not with the saddle and brides
which l directed to be all put together.
At the same time / was Informed that
your saddle had been sent TO the sad
dler's and left there. Everybody seem
ed afraid of connection with our prop
erty, and Your carriage was sent TO the
depot TO be brought with me. plea
was made that il could not so on the
cars OF that train, but should follow on
the next. Specific charge and promise
was given. but the carriage was left
The notice 10 leave was given Sunday.
but few hours were allowed, and my
public duties compelled me TO rely on
others. Count on nothing as saved
which YOU valued except the bust, ana
that had To be left behind.
Mrs. Omelia said she charged IN
the event OF our having TO leave. 10
place the yaluables with the sisters. and
that she would distribute everything.
! told her TO sell what she could. and.
after feeling distrust asked Mrs. Grant
to observe her, and after that became
convinced that she, too. probably under
the influence of her husband. was afraid
to be known as having close relations
with Us
MSS MdSblc anu many
times for me. The only yearning heart
in the final hour was poor old Sam.
wishing for pie cake" and thus l left
our late home. no bad preparation for a
search for another.
Dear children, l can say nothing 10
them. but for YOU and them my heart
is full my prayers constant and my
hopes are the trust | feel in the mercy
of God.
Farewell. my dear. there may be bet
ter things in store for us than are now
in view. but my love is all | have 10
offer and that has the value of thing
long possessed and sure not to be lost.
Once more, and with Gods favor, for
a short time only. farewell.
YOUR HUSBAND"
The letter OF Mrs. Davis in reply to the
above gives another affecting picture OF
the loving relations which always OBJ
tanned between her and her husband.
"Ahbeville, S. c.. April IS. 1861.
MY Dear Old Husband: Your yer,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

have very handsomely declared their I'M
abated confidence. | do not wish to leave
Virginia but cannot decide on my move
ments until those of the army are better
developed.
Il hope you are comfortable and trust
soon to hear from you. Kiss my dear
children.
II weary of this sad recital and have
you In his holy keeping is the fervent
PRAYER OF your ever affectionate
HUSBAND
J. Z. Howell is here. though | have
not seen him He and Joe Nick came
together as a guard to treasury specie.
The next letter refers to a letter from
Mrs Davis. which was probably lost.
1t is:
"Danville. Va. April 6. 1865
Dear Winnie: Many thanks for YOU:
letter giving me an account of your situa-
ton at Charlotte. In my letter of Yes
terday ] gave YOU all of my prospects
which can now be told not having heard
from Genl. Lee and having to conform my
movements to the military necessities of
the case. We are now fixing eXecu-
tive office where the current business NAV
be transacted here. and do not propose
at this time definitely to fix upon point
for seat of govt. in the future.
i am uDWlIllHS TO ledNe V a. anu 90 not
know where within her borders the requi-
site houses for the Departments and the
Congress could be found.
II hope our dear children will be well
when they have recovered from the eff
fects of their journey. Enclosed please
find two letters. As specimens of deep
feeling and idle speaking they might
stand for extremes in their classes.
Love to Maggie. little Maggie. Jeff.
Billy. and little Winnie Farewell. my
love. May God bless preserve and guide
YOU. HUSBAND.
The next letter is from Mrs. Davis. 1t
was written at Charlotte. y. C., and it
begins with the affectionate title by which
Mrs. Davis frequently addressed her nus
band:
April :. 1865
'.Mr Own Dear Old Banny: Since my ar
rival here / have been so busy as to have
only the evening to write in, and then but
enc room where the children most did con-
sregate. so | have written YOU but one
disjointed letter.
THE news of Richmond came upon me
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

every province simultaneously with the
introduction of the MONOPOLY was started
curatorluIn: few large cities got cur
atoriums OF their own. and the districts.
or ''uyezds. into which all Russian prov
lnces were divided, We're given subordi-
nate curatoriums under the supervision
of the government curatorium. The state
undertook TO subsidiZe the cura forums
out OF the yield of The vodka monopoly
and the curatoriums We're authorized to
accept subscriptions from the public
Seats on the curatoriums were to be held
by certain high officials, by representa-
tives of the towns. of medicine. of the
church. of the Consumption department
and by private. co-opted persons who had
rendered service to or shown interest in
the cause of abStention from drink.
The function of the curatorum was to
tight the drink fiend. Its method was TO
provide counter attractions to the
kabak. 1t was TO organize lectures,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

eminent. White motived the introduce
ton OF the monopoly with two arsu-
ments. The first was that il would bet
ter the finances. This expectation proved
true for today the state reapS. independ-
entity OF the former excise duty which
continues, the sum of $3.50 00O,oo0 a year.
The second aim was TO check drunken
ness. The government as sole salesman
would. reasoned Witte. be a bic 10 reduce
intemperance. Russians dispute as to
how far this aim has been realized. AS
a result OF the prohibition of the old sys-
tenn of drinking on the premises. the
Workingman and the muZhik have taken
to drinking boldly in the street Yet the
measure which Witte devised in order to
combat drunkenness had one notable
feature, and from this has sprung the
abundance of Russian peoples theaters.
This was the establishment of 'Cura-
forums of Public briefly. Popetchi
telstva,' as they are clumsily named. In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

yincial cities account for the rest of the
400. Moscow, Odessa. Tvor. I<ieff and
kharkoff all have important theaters for
the working class. and there are about
thirty in remote Siberia Tashkent. in
Central Asia has a peoples theater and
there are tolerable attempts at theaters
for workinen in the minor towns of the
South Siberian steppe.
The foundation and management Of the
peoples theaterS is carried cut either by
the local curatorium. by the municipality
or by private associations and philan-
thropists. Sometimes the three collabo-
rate. In ore case the cur3torium sub
sidizes a municipal peoples theater or
agrees to make up its deficit, sometimes
it finds the money for construction, while
the municipality contracts to bear the
deficit sometimes it makes a contract for
sharing the cost with local rich men or
associations. In some cases the curato-
rum takes over and manages already ex-
listing peoples theaters: III some cases its
responsibility is limited to merely sub
Sidizing weekly or bi-weekly perform
ances for wor!1ingm5n in the ordinary
local theater
x K
The essence of a peoples theater is
that prices shall be low. In big towns
like St Petersburg the maximum is rela-
lively high, sometimes half a dollar more
often the highest price is quarter of a
dollar, and the cheapest seats may cost
only a couple Of cents. There are some
theaters which have only one price for
seats. In the 'uyezd" towns, where
wages are low and other entertainments
non-existent. there are peoples theaters
with a ma ximum price of six cents, and
there are village peoples theaters. con-
sisting of a barn, a Schooimaster and
dozen ambitious peasants, which give
winter performances once week ana
charge two cents for entry. II IS hard to
make such theaters pay. But the cura-
torium reports show that as the result
OF gratis help from artists and musicians
and support from the rich puollc, Iorty-
seven out of every hundred peoples the
aters pay their way. while the other fifty
three per cent are helped alonE by usually
small subsidies from the curaforiums
BY their variety of representation, even
in towns or 5oO00 or 80 inhabitants, the
peoples theaters show the large amount
OF latent artistic talent in the Russian
nation. The small town of hoStroma,
without any help from without. in one
year gave representations OF plays and
operas b. Shakespeare. Moliere, Schiller,
Hauptmann, Ostroysky, Tchekhon, Mo
Fart, Wagner, DoniZetti, BiZet and Mas
cagni and 1t further gave dozen con-
certs OF course the performances We're
not first rate. In Paris or New York.
they could be called very bad But no
could produce such works, well or Ill.
And. naturally, for grimy workingmen
and muzhik carriers they seem an mac
cessible peak OF art and civilization.
copyright. 1913. ~ Gurus BrowR-)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

go to bed She sends a thousand loves
and says Pie &. is sweet as can be. She
is really now too playful to suck. silly
and jeff are very well. Timber is thriv-
ing. but bad.
BE careful how YOU 90 TO Augusta. I
get rumors that Brown is going 10 seize
all government property and the people
are ayerse, and mean Ia resist with pls-
tolls. They are IA set of wrctcheS together,
and | wish you We're safe out of their
land God bless you. keep YOU. have
Wrestled with God for you. | believe lie
will restore US to happiness
.Devotedly. YOUR WIFE"
.'kindest regards 10 Robert and thanks
for faithful conduct Love to Johnson
and John Wood. Maggie sends YOU her
best love
The las: three letters arc without date
and without place They were written
by Mrs Davis when she was living stu
further south and before the time she
and her husband came together. for tho
short time before Davis WAS captured. l
give only extracts from thcm.
The first wns sent to Mr.. Davis at Alb
beville, and il states that Mrs. Davis
hopes to get to Pensacola and take a
ship from there. ii says: I'VE arc short
Of funds and | do not see why these
trains OF specie should be- gwen up TO the
Yankees 1t speaks of the children SAY
ing that they are well, although htue
III was yaccinated the roadside on
account Of a report Of smallpox in the
vicinity.
The second letter. written at twenty
miles south Of Washington, Ca. where
Mrs Davis is riding III 2 wagon Win
picked Mississippi teamsters. says:
IAN Well, with Winnie sweet and smii-
ing Billy plenty OF laughter. and tank
with the teamsters Keeps qulst Jen -
happy beyond expression Maggie one
and two quite well.
The letter goes on:
Il have s.. 800, something TO sell, ana
have heart and hopeful one, but above
all my precious only love- "A heartful or
PRAYER May God keep you and have His
sword and buckler over you DO not Try
to make stand this side. 1t IS NOT
In the people Leave your escort and take
another road often. Alabama is Iuil OF
cavalry, fresh and earnest in pursuit
May God keep you and bring You SAKE
to the arms of
Your devoted,
The last letter Contains the Following:
MY own precious Bauny: May God
give US both patience against this heavy
trial. The soldiers are very unruiy ana
have taken almost all the mules and
horses from the camp. DO not try
TO meet me | dread the Yankees getting
news of YOU so much. You are the coun-
try's only hope. and the very best inten-
tons do not advise a stand this side or
the river Why not cut loose from your
escort? Go swiftly and alone with the
exception of two or three.
..Oh, may God in His goodness keep you
safe. my own. Maggie says she has your
PRAYER book safe May God keep you.
my old and only love, as ever. devotedly.
:.your own WINNIE"
This ends these remarkable letters.
Shortly after the last was penned Jeffer-
son Davis was united with his family.
This was several days south of Washing
fop "a He Travelled with his family
two or three days when he was cap
tured The rest of the story is q matter
Of history.
FRANK q. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-09

How Davis House
hold Effects Were Sold
at Auction and What
They Brought His
Flight to Danville, Alb
bevllle and Washing
ton, Ga.-He Writes
of His Plan of Escap-
ing to Europe or Go
ing to Texas-Afect-
ing Letters of Mrs. Da-
vis-The Flight South
With the Children
Her Love for Her Hus-
banda Human In
terest Story of Great
Historical Value.