Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1913-06-20

this is to have the pressure of the cleft
greatest upon the outer side where the
union Is to be effected.
II the stock is large enough graft
may be inserted on each side OF the
cleft. but If both grow one should
eventually be cut off. After the scion
has been properly inserted the wedge
should be carefully wthdra wn. leav-
ing the scion in place. so that the in
ner bark of the scion and the stock
shall coincide. II the pressure Of the
cleft be not sufficient to hold the scion
in place it must be wrapped with cloth
or strings before waxing.
Air Tight Joints.
The stock and scion are now ready
for the grating wax. which may be
applied either In liquid form. with
brush or in plastic condition after hav-
ing been worked with the hands, or
they may be wrapped with strips of
muslin or manila paper previously
spread with wax. as heretofore men,
toned Great care should be taken to
make every joint air tight or the opera
ton will be failure.
Regarding Bearing Trees.
Regarding is sometimes very desira-
BILE when it is found after trees have
come into bearing that their fruit is
worthless. When the trees are not too
old and are in healthy condition the
change can be made with good results.
But when the trees have attained
considerable age and have lost their
vitality to considerable extent 1t
would be a waste Of time and expense
to attempt to change them. Better
plant new trees. Ii. however. in the
case of healthy. vigorous trees II Is
considered advisable to regraft tops it
Is not best to do this all at one time.
Only about one third of the tree should
be grated the first year. selecting
branches in the center and top Of the
tree The next year another third may
be grated and the remainder the fol-
lowing year.
Grating Wax.
Here are formulas for grating wax:
Formula No for outdoor work.
Resin. four or five parts; beeswax. one
and one half to two parts: linseed oil,
one to one and one half parts. This Is
melted in q mass. and when cool enough
1t may be drawn out into thin strips
and applied by wrapping 1t firmly
around the stock where the scion is in
serted. or more convenient mode Of
using this wax Is to spread it while
melted upon thin muslin or strong
manila paper and when cool cut or tear
in strips Of convenient width for wrap
ping around the grated stock.
Formula No. 2 (for indoor and out
door work).-Resin. six pounds: bees
wax. pound: linseed oil. pint. Melt
together and when at the temperature
Of $50 degrees F. apply directly to the
joints with small bristle brush. In
order to keep 1t at the proper consist
ency the vessel containing the wax
may be placed in another vessel con.
tanning boiling water.
Locating an Orchard.
The selection of an orchard site is
not governed by any arbitrary rule. 1t
is unfortunate that some farms do not
afford the best soils and exposures for
orchards. But the owners of such
should not allow this fact to deter
them from planting trees and caring
for them afterward
Some kinds Of soils and surface pres.
enta tons are preferable to others. as
they are better adapted to this fruit
and require less expense In prepare.
ton and in the after care and treat.
ment Of the orchard. The most intelli-
gent and experienced orchardists differ
as to the best location and exposure
OF an orchard. some preferring q
northern slope. others an eastern, and
yet others recommend a southern or
even western slope as best 1t is
believed that the advantages prepon-
derate In favor Of gentle eastern or
northeastern slope, as orchards locate
on such sites suffer less In both soil
and tree from the effects Of heat and
drought An orchard with such an ex.
posture will maintain its vigor and lon.
gevity better than II inclined to the
true In states south of the New Eng.
land group. where the summers are
long. hot and dry and where It is prob
able that the greatest injury to trees
results from these causes. But, as
before stated. all farms do not afford
these most favorable sites. especially
near the home. which is the most de-
| 4 h PDr h. 90 =
Thus the planter will often be forced
to forego such a loca tion and take his
chances where the natural conditions
are not so favorable. . II possible the
site should be elevated above its i'm
mediate surroundings. thus giving a
free circulation Of air. while such an
elevation will also be of great aid In
r<1}n Inc lot