Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-06-10

this Is to have the pressure OF the cleft
greatest upon the outer side where the
union Is to be effected.
IL the stock is large enough a graft
may be inserted on each side Of the
cleft. but II both grow one should
eventually be cut Off. After the scion
has been properly inserted the wedge
should be carefully withdrawn. leav-
ing the scion In place. SO that the in
ner bark OF the scion and the stock
shall coincide. II the pressure of the
cleft be not sufficient to hold the scion
in place 1t must be wrapped with cloth
or strings before waxing.
Air Tight JOINTS.
The stock and scion are now ready
for the grating wax. which may be
applied either in liquid form with a
brush or In plastic condition after hav.
ing been worked with the hands. or
they may be wrapped with strips of
muslin or manila paper previously
spread with wax. as heretofore men,
toned. Great care should be taken to
make every joint air tight or the opera
ton will be failure.
Regarding Bearing Trees.
Regrafting is sometimes very desira-
Bile when 1t is found after trees have
come into bearing that their fruit is
worthless. When the trees are not too
old and are in healthy condition the
change can be made with good results.
But when the trees have attained a
considerable age and have lost their
vitality to considerable extent it
would be a waste Of time and expense
to attempt to change them. Better
plant new trees. IL. however in the
case Of healthy. vigorous trees 1t is
considered advisable to regraft tops It
is not best to do this all at one time.
Only about one-third Of the tree should
be grated the first year. selecting
branches in the center and top Of the
tree. The next year another third may
be grated and the remainder the fol.
lowing year.
Grating Wax.
Here are formulas for grating wax:
Formula No. ! (for outdoor work.
Resin. four or 6ve parts: beeswax. one
and one-h half to two parts: linseed oil.
one to one and one-half parts This Is
melted In a mass. and when cool enough
it may be drawn out into thin strips
and applied by wrapping it firmly
around the stock where the scion IL In.
serted. or q more convenient mode Of
using this wax Is to spread 1t while
melted upon thin muslin or strong
manila paper and when cool cut or tear
in strips Of convenient width for wrap
ping around the grated stock.
Formula No 2 (for indoor and out
door work).-Resin. six pounds: bees.
wax. pound: linseed oil. a pint. Melt
together and when at the temperature
Of $50 degrees F. apply directly to the
joints with small bristle brush. In
order to keep 1t at the proper consist
ency the vessel containing the wax
may be placed in another vessel con.
tanning boiling water.
Locating an Orchard.
The selection Of an orchard site Is
not governed by any arbitrary rule 1t
is unfortunate that some farms do not
afford the best soils and exposures for
orchards. But the owners Of such
should not allow this fact to deter
them from planting trees and caring
for them afterward.
Some kinds Of soils and surface pres.
entations are preferable to others, as
they are better adapted to this fruit
and require less expense in prepare.
ton and in the after care and treat.
ment Of the orchard. The most intelli-
gent and experienced orchardists differ
as to the best location and exposure
OF an orchard. some preferring
northern slope. others an eastern, and
yet others recommend a southern or
even western slope as best 1t is
believed that the advantages prepou.
derate in favor Of gentle eastern or
northeastern slope. as orchards located
on such sites suffer less in both soil
and tree from the effects Of heat and
drought. An orchard with such an ex.
posture will maintain its vigor and lon
gevity better than If inclined to the
west or southwest. This is especially
true in states south of the New Eng
land group. where the summers are
long. hot and dry and where it is prob
able that the greatest injury to trees
results from these causes But. as
before stated. all farms do not afford
these most favorable sites. especially
near the home. which is the most de-
sirabe locati for the family orchard.
Thus the planter will often be forced
10 forego such location and take his
chances where the natural conditions
are not so favorable. II possible the
site should be elevated above its I'M
mediate surroundings, thus giving a
free circua ton Of air. while such an
elevation will also be of great aid In
guarding against late spring frosts. so
fatal to young fruit at the blooming
season.
Apple trees will thrive and do we'll
on almost any soil which is we'll pre-
pared. but the different kinds OF soil
may require different treatment and
after care.
A loamy soil is naturally rich in
plant food: hence 1t Will need little. If
any. manuring in its preparation.
A clay soil is the most difficult to
prepare and often requires manuring.
as we'll as thorough blowing. replow.
ing and subsoiling. Sandy soils are
generally lacking in the necessary
plant food. The wood growth on
ioamy soils will be strong and vigor-
Gus. but may not be sufficiently ma
ture TO withstand the freezing Of the
more rigorous winters. Clay landsa are
rot apt TO produce such vigorous
growth. and orchard trees on such
lands will be harder as to winter kill