davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
URGENT NEED OF CURRENCY REFORM

trict banks contemplated by the owen
Glass bill. and If any OF It's managers
proved to b. incompetent or unfaithful II
could remove them instantly. The central
bank gives ny a coherent dominating or
ganization, charged with responsibility
for the preservation OF nationa! credit IN
every state of the Unon. The Owen-Glass
plan divides responsibility between bank
ers and the government beard.
Senator owen lays much stress upon a
territorial argument for his bill. lie
calls attention to the fact that the United
States is big country Belgium and
Holland and Germany, for instance could
be put into the State of Texas and lost
II is all right, he says. for the small
countries OF Europe to have central
banks for their people and interests are
homogeneous. But the case Is different
he thinks. with the United States, be-
cause OF It's bigness, and because the In
terests Of It's different sections are unlike.
1T HAS VOCAL CHARM.
This sounds well in the ears Of man
who does not know anything about BANK
ing and credit II also makes strong
political appeal. The people Of Atlanta
for example, like to think they are going
IN have their own central bank; 40 doubt
less do the people Of New Orleans, San
F'rancisco. Denver and Minneapolis. NO
doubt many people in the country are III
cllned TO favor this bill for TINS yer!
reason: yet the argument FOR IL VIII not
stand analysis. The United States must
he viewed as one country nnancihiiy ne
cause IL Is one country comnsrcianS'
Mileage distance, area have nothing
whatever TO do with the question All
parts Of this country have trade rela-
lions with one another. New York CITY
has dealings with them all. That Is the
reason why New York City is the imam
cial centre of this country. Hard uihes
or short crops In the South or on Tue
Pacific slope will cause loss all over inc
country. and may even bring on couh-
try-wide panic. What IL wanted ~ not
plan that will provide financial Isolation
and independence for the South, TOT
Texas. or for New England, but bank
ing system that will automatically bring
TO any one of these sectios the strength
of all in time OF neeu' bHhheiS "e" "
credit and credit rests upon commence
Here are two things that are independent
OF distance. They travel by electricity
and can be flashed from San Francisco
to New York in two seconds. From the
banking point of view Portland, Me-, Is
nearer to San Diego, Cal, than 1t was To
Boston seventy-five years ago
The final and fatal objection to the
Owen-Glass bill il the fact that its arti-
fetal machinery and coerciye measures
are not necessary y would be the easiest
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
ANrIQUATED TERMINALS.

zone general cause OF economic inef'
ficiency in the whole system of distribu.
ton in the city, with continued agitation.
may soon be abolished. l refer to the In
adequate, because antiquated, terminal
railroad facilities for food handling. The
greater part of the city's food supply ar
rives at one crowded point in lower Man
haitian and Is thence conveyed to other
parts Of the island by carriage, which Is
very expensive process
How is the problem to be solved? II Is
considered that complete reorganiza'
ton of the system of food distribution Is
the only solution. 1t is suggested by the
Investigator that the most practicable
way of accomplishing this is to take .
leaf out of the work OF the agricultural
colleges, which conduct experimental
farms for the development of Information
and by way of presenting examples 70
those engaged in farming, estaoisn
experimental stores. A bureau OF food
supply is one of the branches OF the De-
partment OF Social Welfare. IL has been
organized TO conduct experiments, 'nves
tiaate improvements in methods IN COM
mercial handling of food In cities, which
may be developed elsewhere, and study
the work of cooperative societies, con-
sumers' leagues. housewives leagues etc
II will also cooperate with all municipal
state and federal bureaus already estab-
llshed which have in any way to do with
the subject of food distribution. ana en-
gage I'm campaigns looking toward the IN
PRODUCTION of better methods.
II is within the range of possibility that
such governmental stores may be started
in New York.
Perhaps some day the householder ana
his wife will have less occasion to groan
Let us hope so.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
THE CHAIN STORES.

Nor have the chain stores yielded any
adequate relief. They are few I'm number
and they do not exist In the poorest sec-
tons OF the city. Their policy also is al
lower than those of the individual corner
grocery, but only where the saving to the
consumer is speSacularly obvious. The
total saving in tle year to the tamil,
buying all that fE5s possible to buy In
chal<stores in Neses Yore is CO. |'rahe
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
RETAIL CORNER STORE.

Even the retail corner store, says the
investigator. III large, would make pos
sible saving over the present cost OF
distribution. The greater number OF the
corner stores In the city. however, are
small. that is. do business OF less IMAM
$4,000 year. A rehabilitation OF al
groups of retail stores included in this
investigation by yearly volume OF bust
ness, shows that the smaller stores III
each group are charging the consumer 10
cover the cost of retail distribution twice
as much as the larger stores.
Apparently, 1t is the small store which
IL responsible for part OF the high cost
of living for the poor. The poorer you
are the more you must pay. for the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07

would be analogous To that OF the con-
troller Of the Currency over the national
banks at the present time. II might, in
deed compel the shifting of reserves from
ono district to another. but IT could un-
dertake this only in grave emergencies
for i'm It's isolation from the actual busi-
ness Of lending money 1t would have only
second or third hand information about
the financial needs of the different parts
of the country.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
a NATURAL EVOLUTION.

IL do not see how any legislation can be
enacted which can check the progress OF
this natural evolution. We managed to
dissolve the Northern Securities Com
pany, but we could not dissolve Jim Hill.
We may dissolve the Standard OH Com
pany, but we cannot dissolve the business
friendship which binds together the men
who refine three-quarters OF this coun-
try's oil Nor shall we be able to prevent
men from combining to create a domi-
nant financial institution when the time
is ripe for IL. ] do not know that any
set of men are now working consciously
10 achieve this result. but ! do believe IL
to be inevitable within the next twenty
wears. The people OF the United States.
then. must make choice between these
alternatives: Shall the financial interests
Of this country be controlled and regu-
lated by an institution created. owned ana
managed by private individuals for their
own nrodt. or shall there exist a peoples
lauk. controlled by representatives OF the
neopIe and conducted not exclusively for
nrivate gain, but for the veal OF all?'
or course, ] could not, then. foresee the
money trust investigation OF this year.
nor that my prediction would even seem
IA he coming true In less than SIX years.
The Owen-Glass bill. In my opinion. VIII
NOT lessen the advantages OF combination
among banks; 1t will not convert the
money trust bogie into a good financial
angel.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
POWER OF CENTRAL BOARD.

Rankers have expressed disapproval or
the mower given 10 the central board TO
compel one regional bank TO discount
paper for another. They OBJECT that ti'ls
js too great power to place arbitrarily
I'm the hands OF a government board' AZ
the game time several bankers have ad-
,,itted that they would much prefer a
government controlled central BANK ana
have pointed out that the central poard
created bv the Owen-Giass bill shouid
either have less power than Is now gwen
n mr. should be given the full authority
Of a central bank organization MI
GLASS, chairman of the House Conili'-
tee, has expressed surprise at TINS. WY
these bankers" he says, "criuclse us De-
cause we have given this central boarn
too much power. Now they come ana
tell me il ought TO have still more power
The bankers are not inconsistent the
bill provides that the bankers OF ms
country shall create and manage twelve
regional banks. the capital TO be supplied
nv the banks The bankers I'm any dis
trict are to control the operations OF It's
federal reserve bank and are TO be re-
sponsIbe for its success or failure' NAT
uraIIy, they object to having the anairs
of the bank subject to interference by an
outside body at crucial times. what gem
er.I would like TO go into battle knowing
that I'm the thick Of the fray he might
receive wireless order from poli,lchI
beadouarters completely changing ms
plan OF campaign? He might quite prop
erly say TO his superiors: You have mace
me a commander in chief and you ho'u
re responsible. I cannot accept the su-
,bority or the responsibility II you are
oo,no 70 countermand the orders give 10
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
Continued from first page.

0wen-Glass bill. Some of them can be
appreciated only by men who have init
nate acquaintance with banking opera
tons and wide knowledge of banking
PRACTICES in other countries. When one
realizes the truth OF that statement 1t Is
Amenta bic that the bill should receive its
finishing touches in a caucus of gentle
men most OF whom will freely admit that
hey know very little about finance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07

IN CHINA?
YES, INDEED
Continued from second page.

stories published under the editorship OF
the late Imperial Editor:
THE worthy Viceroy Y. of So Chwan
began his career as an ordinary bschel )r,
gradually working his way through the
various administrative ranks until he was
intrusted with a province Of his own.
He had repeatedly solicited permission 10
retire. and both our imperial mother and
ourself had conferred costly presents OF
ginseng upon him at various times. We
hear now, alas, that he is no more. KS
penalties during life are hereby cancelled.
Five thousand dollars are bestowed for
funeral expenses, and the local officials
will pay every respect to the coffin as 1t
passes through their jurisdictions. Prince
4. will meet the procession outside Pekng
and spread Tioetan quilt upon the re-
mains
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
IN BOLIVIA.

Bolivia itself hardly comes within the
scope of a coast letter. because Bolivia
has no seacoast, but between the Southern
Railway of Peru, with it's terminus at
Monendo, and the Arica-La Paz line and
The AntofagaSta line the country is ac-
cessible. and is of special interest to
Americans. There is prospect that
American influence may again acquire the
position il had when the New York
banking group. which built some of the
railroads under agreement with the Bo-
liyian government. suddenly sold out al
IL OWN price To the British group in con-
iro OF the Antofagasta Railway, and
abandoned the field II was a profitable
Transaction for the New York financial
srodp, but it showed that patriotism has
APPARENTLY no place ip high finance " 1en
quick profit is i'm sight.
COQuimbo is one OF the exceptional
ports because it has very good harbor.
Its chief importance comes from the fact
that the great iron ore deposits of chm
are close by. The CHILEAN government has
not made out very well so far with It's
Plans TO utilize these deposits by carry
ne the ore down to Coronei and establish
ng iron and steel works there. But thr
real value Of the deposits was rather
dimly appreciated when Charles NJ.
;chwab came along with the Bethlehem
Steel Company and acquired the TOTO
properties. Mr. Schwab's plans for dc
'eloping the properties have gone for
yard without much ostentation, but with
precision that has astonished the Chilli
ms and the English and Germans alike.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
AN ESSENTIAL DIFFERENCE

Here we find the essential difference pe,
tween the governing board OF cen'ra'
bank and the central board createu os
the Owen-Glass bill. The centrSl pan"
board would have full authority ana re-
sponsibIlty If mistakes are ihaue :,
could blame no one but Itself. IL "ouiu
delegate as much OF it's authority AS u
saw If TO the managers of its branches
htcb wou,d take the piacc Of the d's-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
A SURGICAL OPERATION.

The reader should notice that the plan
1t the outset involves surgical opera
uon II compels national banks 10 sur
render part OF their resources. IL says
to a bank, Give US your right hand
II you don't we will be obliged TO cut on
your head" The introduction of the plan
must necessarily be attended by a shoch'
for It compels existing banks TO sur
render part Of their reserves to these ne"
district or so-called regional banks
The whole plan Is an elaborate structure
made up Of devices and expedients tha'
have never been tested In any country
nat fact alone. taken in connection WI"
The arbitrary and obnoxious coercion W
exercised over national oanks' 10
aough 10 condemn IL as dangerous eA
hrrent Why construct an artinc'ai
@nking institution, few parts OF "'iion
Hs controlled by the government "h"e
W main business-the lending of money
Is Controlled by banks and for the en-
we control OF which nobody 10 reaiiS
sspoesible, when the only excuse Tor II
lhe fact that the printed copies OF 'he
Denocratic platform contain an OF
Instead of for"
GENERALIZATION OF CONTROL.
me authors OF the bill. as they pro-
.'oed with the study OF the subject, eVi-
""uy discovered that Capitalization OF
snuol and responsibility was quite as
s0essary as Capitalization of reserves
'ney went Just an far In the direction
r..s central bank az they dared. have
,~ doubt that most OF the members OF
senate and House committees fuiiy
NE that central banking institution
-sf government control is the best
r''n OF their problem.
fortunately, the central board no
ss' how able the men appointed TO II,
,,..' not be clothed with the power or
a., Use responsibility OF the board OF
ice bank. They would know very
ia. ABOUT the actual business transac-
The district banks, which would
nking advances TO their subscribing
hi :" entire independence OF the GEN.
ks..s. ward. The authority H the central
n over the federal reserve banks
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07
ON SOUTH
AMERICAS
WEST COAST
Continued from second page.

agreed that better economic processes
must be adopted in preparing the nitrates
Tor commerce, The present methods are
rude and il is generally conceded that
the nroduct can be cheapened and thus be
MT in a better position to compete with
,.ber fertilizers IL the present processes
are modernized. Some of the private
.ompanies are experimenting on their own
account. but the disposition seems 10 be
n let the Cnilian government do most OF
the experimenting, so that all the estab-
Hshments may set the benefit without cost
IN themselves. Yet the probability is that
orivate concerns which go ahead at their
,vn expense will reap the beneft of their
enterprise.
THE NITRATE PROPAGANDA,
The nitrate propaganda, which is an
other name for the nitrate trust, although
o II is supposed to have to do solely with
The study of the worlds markets and the
advertising Of the nitrates, has adjourned
IFS meetings from lquique to Valparaiso
There are numerous questions to be con-
sdered. but none of them appears to look
TO a serious Curtailment of the present
output The different establishments, with
the CHILEAN government in the back
ground, usually manage without serious
difficulty TO agree as TO the production
and while IT is occasionally curtalled tenn
porarily. the pressure of private interests
is sufficient TO keep the world literally
supplied at fair prices. A somewhat SINH
lar practice follows in connection with
Iodine which is the by-product of the
nitrates A single steamer a few days
ago took out several hundred barrels Of
iodine.
Further down the coast is Mejillones
not a nitrate port but real commercial
,ntrep6t The ocean sweeps in and forms
the bay like a half moon, inclosing a big
sheet Of smooth water; yet notwithstand-
ne these natural facilities, 1t is only
within few years that the CHILEAN gov
eminent dignifed Mejillones as a minor
port and established a custom house
there
Many years ago some one started port
al Antofagasta where the sea is always
rough and where lighters with cargoes
of valuable minerals sometimes take n
whim and sink TO the bottom. Anto-
fagasta was made the starting point for
the railroad into Bolivia, and the silver
and copper ores and the tin concentrates
uuence a city next in size to Iquique
grew up and is too big now TO be
smothered.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-12-07

There are always four million people on
the sea.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-11-09

THE French possess a curious INSTITUTION I..,i
L IN the form Of an institute OF ZoOloglcM
,e.cho1gov. established on q farm near
This station comprises meadows and
Larnvard-. a stretch ot forest, ana large
DCnd stocked with fish Then, too, there
are SPACIOUS buildings, including modern
table riding school, stalls for lsola'inG
,,;-rals under special observation, an aqua
49,, md n laboratory. 4 dovccotc IS
r,acnJ upon the roof Of the main building.
Ae cy,dcncing the desire Of the French
,,,,,,-,I;ets 10 study the habits OF living
rrc.,t,,rrs under natural conditions, 1t may
Lo mentioned that q complete diving appa-
ratus has been provided, IN which observers
NV descend 10 the bottom Of the pond.
,rhCrc they may remain for hours, until the
f.I become accustomed % their presence
and follow their natural impulses N playing
and feeding. The under water studcie Is
thus enabled TO note their habits at lIsJ
hand. H..
The other extreme Of observation IS the
construction Of sheltered platforms IN the
branches Of trees, where students SIT through
ont the night armed with electric flashlights
10 watch the doings Of owls, bats, ana noe
turnal insects.
II would appear that an important con
cInsion reached by the students is that
some animals possess a special sense whereby
tbrv can detect the presence Of water even
thoIlql they cannot see It. The expert
mcnts were undertaken at the suggestion OF
an Australian. who addressed the institution
with reference % his experiences with shecP
and cattle when being driven across country.
In a place where the presence Of water was
wbolivuncxpectedth the Australian noted some,
curious facts. The leading animals would
suddenly lift their heads and draw long
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-11-09

C,,e;ce i not what care Time brings, and Fear
That thou must add unto thy guile, . Man!
Nn sooner Time a shaft produces than
Thou must blade invent and make spear:
Translated from The Ayabic Of AEMoteHebbi
by Salim J. AIkdsiH
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-11-09


WAL. STREET capital. headed 5v the
" Standard Oil and Morgan group, has
lust put in an order for new city 70 be built
To- order at a cost Of twenty-five million dol
lars. 10 be located one hundred miles west
Of Galveston. on the Gull, near the mouth
Of the Brazos River. J., will be completed
o. the last key in the last door before i, IS
turned over o. its made-to-order municipal
Start in 10 excuse its existence by extracting
molten SULPHUR from the earth a. a depth Of
eight hundred feet.
The CITY is 20 be built IN theory that IN
theIas- five wears has been put into operation
and n-,ve1 So practical that IL has turned
The balance of trade in sulphur in favor Of
The T,i,af States and has pushed % the
haglg-UunJ the volcanic sulphur deposits Of
r,,Ie sicily. which have been the worlds
sr,,~re nf s1Iphu~ for the last hundred years.
\ GOOD MANY wears ago about forty,
when everybody with spare time was looking
for OIL Drosyec,ors noticed peculiar oily
I.ll.;,o substance o1zing out Of the ground
~, sar,-.1 ,oin,s in Southern Louisiana.
Tho III ..yer started in with q rush; but II
was doomed 10 failure, because after the
oozv landscape had been tapped FAR ana
g-,5e Inv wells not drop Of oil appeared.
WI G.as found was q stratum Of pure sui
r.lr~ which no % that time was not believed
r. cv;s- in o commcrciallv pure state IN this
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-10-03
LET STUDENTS RUN
OWN HIGH SCHOOL
Fl Wayne Principal Has Plan
of Self-gOvernment For the
School Children.

FORT WAYNE, Oct. 3.-Students
in the Fort Wayne high school here
after will have a prominent voice in
the government OF the school. accord
ing to a plan which is being formu-
lated by Principal Q. T. Lane.
Social Reform" in the high school,
the principal declares is his purpose.
officers of the various classes, to-
gether with committees from each
will meet with a faculty committee TO
discuss plans for bringing about the
reform.
The fundamental idea Of the plan
suggested by Principal Lane is to
leave the initiative and management
of school events in the hands Of stu
dents as far as possible, and TO Sc
cure for them the sympathetic coun-
sci and cooperation of older and
more experienced people.
Mr.. Lanes plan calls for the estab-
lishmeut of a body TO be known as the
Advisory Social Council, whose bust
ness it will be to make a social pro-
gram for the year as early in the
school year as practicable.
If the plan is adopted and worsk
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-10-03
NONRESIDENT NOTICE.

State Of Indiana, St Joseph County, SIS.
In the ST. Joseph Circuit Court, September
Term, 1913 Michael NiespOdziany vs..
Joseph NiespOdziany, ct al. Partition.
15,606
Be it known that the above named plain
tin has filed in the Office of the clerk Of
said court complaint against said defend
ants In the above cause together with a
proper affidavit that said defendant
lgnatz Niespodziany, is not resident of
the state of Indiana
SAID defendant is hereby notified that
said cause will stand for trial on the 14th
day of November, 1913. the same being the
59th day Of the present term of said court
TO commence at the city Of South Bend on
the 2nd Monday in September next, on
which day said defendant is required to
appear 10 said action.
FRANK Z. CHRISTOPH, Clerk.
By John VI. Raab, Deputy.
II. Mel, Mel. & Y, AttyS. for Plaintiff
septic 26oct3