davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18
Kills Woman. Then Suicides.

SAN JOSE, Cal, July lS.-After
feeding Mrs, Olive J. Smith SO years
of age drug for y hours, and writ
ing down the story of her lingering
death. Stephen Mastick, tubercu.
losis invalid. threw himself into a
shallow lake at Monterey.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18

A complete steam fire engine. mount
ed on two wheels and light enough 10
he handled by two men. has been in.
vented in England for suburban and
private use.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18
Wounded. Walks Six Miles.

MANITOWOC. WIS, July 1S.-AI'
though fatally wounded Anton No
yak, q years old. OF Sheboygan,
walked six miles TO Kiel, Wis. last
night after a shooting ARRAY In which
he wounded his wife and her parents.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18
Explosion Kills Two.

NEW YORK, July Is.-The third
engineer and pumpman on the Brit.
ish freight steamer Fair Mead were
killed late yesterday by an explosion
in NE boiler room OF the vessel.
which was taking on a cargo OF oil
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18
Finish of Reno, Nevada, as a Get En-
While You Wait" Divorce Colony

NEW LAW END TO DIVORCE TowN-HEsEAFTeR THOSE
TO CUT MhTRIM oNiAL BONDS MUST STAY WHOLE
IN DESERT TOWN INSTEAD or SIX MONTHS.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-07-18

Rents in HoEg-Kong have advanced
25 per cent since the Chinese revolu.
ton
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
SALES
OF LICENSES
A. A. Harris, Game War
den, was in Parma
Saturday.

\ Harris Of Boise. game
wAislen for this district, which
comprises Ada, Boise and Can
yon counties, was in town Sat
urday looking over this section.
MIR Harris reports that the sales
OF game licenses this year are
larger than ever before, not only
in his district but all through
the state. The game laws are
being rigidly enforced and more
convictions have already result
ed this wear for violations Of the
laws than IN any former year
Many special deputy game war
dens have been appointed in the
state, there being over 100 in
this district alone. In the i'm.
mediate vicinity of Parma there
are eleven deputies, so people in
tending To fish or hunt had bet
ter first pay a visit to w. E.
Fisk and obtain a license.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
ATTEMPTS TO
SLAY SISTER
Drink Crazed Caldwell
Man Uses Heavy Axe
as Weapon.

Marion Garner, a well known
Caldwell character, with a heavy
axe as his weapon, attempted to
kill his sister, Mrs. Emma Ma
son, at her home IN Caldwell
early Saturday morning, and
bur for the courage and presence
OF mind displayed by the intend
ed victim, would have succeeded.
1t is said Garner had been drink
ing heavily and had had a few
words with his sister early in the
evening. Later on he returned
to her home and struck her with
an axe, exclaiming "We have
had trouble enough; we will die
together. Mrs. Mason wrenched
the axe from the crazed man
and was forced TO strike him
with it in self defense. Garner
was placed under arrest by night
watchman Gavin and a charge
of attempt to commit murder
was filed against him.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
Weiser Daily Quits

Brother Purcell, after a brave
and persistent effort, has discon-
tinued the publication of the
daily edition of the Weiser Sig
nal. Lack of appreciation on
the part of the business men and
citizens of Weiser and conse-
quent failure to properly sup
port the enterprise. was the
cause. The Daily Signal was a
wide awake, newsy and aggres-
sive sheet--a credit to city sew
eral times the size of Weiser.
Properly supported it would
have h-en "A powerful influence il
the np-buiIding OF the town.
Meadows Eagle.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
MANY PRIZES
ARE OFFERED
This Years County Fair
Will Surpass All
Former Ones.

The premium list for the 1913
Canyon county lair hasiust been
issued. Probably no county
fair anywhere in the vest has
ever given premiums TO The ex-
tent that is being offered for dis
plays at the fair at Caldwell this
year Regular premiums to the
value OF $1,000 are being offered
at the present time, besides spe-
clal premiums amounting to
$4,000. In addition the epreInium
list will undoubtedly be mater
tally increased between now and
fair time. The special premium
list covers almost every cOnceIv-
able article for which a prize car
be offered, and the regular list IS
also much more complete than
it has ever been before.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
BIG CHANGE
IN FORESTS
President Greatly Alters
Boundaries of Idaho
Reserves.

During May the President
signed Proclamations making
changes in the boundaries of ma
tional forests in the state OF
Idaho. Approximately 449 900
acres are affected, but more than
hall of the changes are in the ma
ture of a transfer of land from
one national forest to another.
An elimination of 1850 acres
was made along the northeast
ern boundary of the ChalIis Ma
tional Forest in northern Idaho.
These lands were found upon ex-
animation to be of little value
for forest purposes. About 49,
$40 acres were transferred from
the Challis to the Salmon Ma
tional Forest and 6,640 acres
from the Salmon and 1880
acres from the Sawtooth were
transferred to the Challis for ad-
ministrative reasons
Some 80, ,52O acres were elimi-
mated from the Lemhi National
Forest, which lies directly east
of the Challls, and an lnterforest
transfer of 25,600 acres was
made from the Lemhi to the
Salmon National Forest.
An elimination of S3,630 acres
was made from the Salmon to
adjust the boundary to the edge
of the heavy timber There was
also eliminated 3040 acres from
the Sawtooth National Forest,
and a transfer of 10, $3.50 acres
was made from the Sawtooth to
the Challis
Approximately $4,000 acres
from the Beaverhead and 40. $40
acres from the Challis were trans.
ferred to the Salmon National
Forest and from the Salmon 49,
$40 acres 60 to the Challis and
25.600 to the Lemhi. The
transfer from the Beaverhead tC
the Salmon forest leaves the re
manning portion OF the Beaver
head wholly in Montana instead
OF in Idaho and Montana as
formerly.
The transfers and elimnatinn'
were made in each Instance upoT
! the recommendation of the For
est Service. The eliminate,
areas will be restored to settle
ment and entry after havinl
been advertised in he local pa
pers by the Secretary of the IL
terror.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19

Under the new state law passed
by the last legislature it is un-
lawful TO sell guns or ammuni-
tiou to minors under 16 years of
age, without a written order
from their parents or guardian.
The indiscriIninate use of fire.
arms by Young boys is about as
dangerous as plague and the
new law is intended to at least
reduce the evil.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19

II at first you don't succeed,
Call, call again;
If your central does not heed,
Call, call again.
Don't get angry, start to swear,
Throw a book or kick a chair.
Central. too, has things to bear
Call, call again.
What though you must wait a
while,
Call, call again;
Pick up courage force a smile,
Call, call again.
Don't call central horrid names
When you hear Nell talk with
James.
Try one OF your other flames
Call, call again.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
FOR
EX-GOVERNOR
Citizens of Caldwell are
Starting Movement
for Memorial.

Caldwell, June 1S-At a meet
ing of the Commercial club Mon
day night proposition was ad-
vanced by W. l. Hasbrouck for
tie erection here OF fitting me-
mortal in honor of former Gov
ernor Steunenberg. The recent
destruction by fire of the Steun-
enberg residence in this city
leaves Caldwell and the state of
Idaho with nothing of mater
ial nature to stand in memory
of the martyred governor, and
the general sentiment is that the
people Of the state will be Degli-
gent in their duty as long as
this condition remains.
AS to the form of the memorial
it was suggested that perhaps a
fountain with a statue of the
former governor in the fore
ground, located in one OF the
local parks, would be appropri-
ate. However, no definite ae-
tion in this regard was taken by
the club, the question being left
for future settlement.
1t was decided by the CONNER
cial club to father a movement
for the raising of a S25, 900 fund
for the memorial. In adopting
this policy no program was de-
cided upon as to the raising OF
the fund or the way in which il
should be expended A commit
tee of three. composed of 0 NJ.
VanDuyn, E H. Plowhead and
NJ. H. Gibbons, was appointed
TO promote the proposition, and
it was the opinion that a board
of trustees of perhaps 10 or 2C
members, made up OF citizens o
both state and national promi
nence who were directly interest
ed and associated with the Steun
enberg period of Idaho history
should have charge of the me
mortal.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
Change in Time Table

The o. S. l.. time table has
been undergoing some changes
during the past week. The morn
ing west bound Pony arrives
now at S:44 instead of at 9:01
as formerly No 5 is also due
an hour earlier that it was, ar
irving now at 6:l0 p m. The
time OF the other trains remains
the same.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19


Mrs. Ed. Smith of Caldwell
visited with friends in Parma
Sunday
Mrs. f. d. Jewell left Monday
for Cambridge, where she will
spend several days visiting with
relatives.
The Bible class team OF the
First Presbyterian church de-
feated the second team OF the
P. H. S. in an interesting ball
game Tuesday night. Score, II
to IL.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19

John Nelson and family autoed
to Caldwell Monday afternoon.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
The 4th at Ontario

When you are planning your
Fourth of July celebration don't
forget to take Ontario into con-
sideration. Two bands will be
on hand to furnish music and a
fine program of sports has been
arranged. Without doubt the
Ontario celebration will be worth
taking in.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
is
FEASIBLE
Secretary of the Interior
Will Visit this
Section.

Washington. June II SEN
atur Borai after "a conference
with Secretary of the Interior
Franklin K Lane today said
that lie had received ASSURANCES
from Mr. Lane that he would in
clnde the Black Canyon irriga
tion project in the itinerary Of
his forthcoming swing around
the circle.
This is very gratifying TO
me-" said Senator Borah. Il
am sure thar the extension of
the necessary federal approval
TO the Bl',ck Canyon project will
result in great benefit TO the re-
gioLs of Ada and Canyon coun-
ties to be served by this installa-
tiun | am also of the opinion
that a first hand view OF the
country involved will serve to
settle in the mind of the secre-
tarv the desirability of the gov
ernmert going into this matter
in the nc ar future" "
The United States reclamation
service is not disposed to be very
optimistic regarding the Black
Canyon project. The acreage
involved in the several schemes
submitted to the director and
the chief engineer vary in extent
from $4,000 to 100000 acres.
The cost is variously estimated
at from 500 to $3.50 per acre
and this is initial cost. The
maintenance charges are bound
to be high for the project re-
quires that the main water sup
ply must be created, and sus-
tained, of course, by pumping.
Pumping systems of irrigation
heretofore have never been TN
qualifiedly successful, yet the re
clamation experts in this in
stance incline to the belief thai
the project is entirely feasible
However, they think the com
munity that is interested here ii
not in a position to stand th'
high rate of charge that the in
stallation. will involve. All o
these questions will be submitted
to Secretary Lane and he is SURF
to receive an unbiased presenta
tion of the situation.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19

The frequent severe electrical
storms in the Idaho Falls country
are terrorizing the people in that
section of the state. Within the
last two weeks three men have
been killed by lightning in or
near Idaho Falls.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19

FOR SALE:-Drain tile in all
sizes from 3 in. to II in.; prices
from 5kc to 1Sc. Cement sewer
pipe in sizes from 6 in. to 80 in;
prices from 1Sc to S1.25. l..
Harding, Caldwell, Ida. Phone
Ia w.
The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1913-06-19
Idaho State Chautauqua

Boise, Idaho, June Is to %
Reduced rates via Oregon
Short Line Tickets on sale
from Idaho and Oregon points
June 18th TO 21st. inclusive, and
25th TO 2Sth. inclusive. Limit
June Both. See agents for rates
and further particulars.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
ROYAL NEI6nBoRs

VIAL NEihsi''HS
Columbine Camp 2i& toyal Neigh
|bors Of America hold their meetings in
tho NJ. W. A. Hall on tnn End and dth
Thursday evening Of each month Mt
|o'lock. All Royal NeiRnbors are re-
quested TO attend. blinche Tracy,
necordcr.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

Why do most Of the cnterprising BUS
mess mon Of Holyoke advertise IN inc
Hcrald1 Simply because they believe
that the Herald Is their best advertise
Ing medium.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
BAPTIST Church

Services next Lords Day.as usual.
Sunday School lo'so
Morning worship nSo
o. Y. +. U. 200
Eycnglnpreaehing s'oV
Eynngcliutie services every night, OK
cept Saturday. nj so'eloek.
Evangelist L. NJ. stoadmap will sing
and pfcnch.
Morning uubjeet-llc is altogether
lovely.
Evening subject without excuse.
From now on thc Sunday evening ser
vice vii, begin at 5 o'clock.
Thee will be an out door service on
Maia 81. at O'Clock Saturday after
noon.
Tuesday evening the double quartette
wlll rohonrao ut MIRA. Cramer'H,
Prayer meeting Wednesday evening
At 7.9O. at tho close, choir rchersal.
a hearty welcome Is extended to oE-
frrbs1y 10 attend nll our services.
A. G. Blinxingcr. Pastor,
The state herald., 1913-09-26
Christian Church.

s,n,,.,, s,,o,, 1880
Preaching 'l'so ~
Christian Endcavor ~ ~
Preaching o"'
MI weok prayer mccting and rcs en-, =.
era meeting o'''
u, 4. Parker. Ministcr
The state herald., 1913-09-26
First Presbyterian Churc h.

Hours OF Ser vices:
Sabbath School and Bible Class d
lO:30 u. m.
Endeavor at 7:i5 p. m.
Midweek prayer service "wednesday
$3.50.
Junior Endeavor 3 80 pm.
Preaching at 1880 a. m. and 500 pm
subjects:
Everybody welcome at all the servi'
es.
Morning subjeet-The complete dc
struction OF Gods enemies.
No evening service on account OF th'
eyangclistie meetings in the BaptiS
church.
DR.. James Il. Hill, Pastor.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
Costly Acquaintance.

Two close-fsted Missouri brothers
sued a neighbor for 1876 owing on =
land deal. They engaged the best law
yer in their county seat.
The lawyer won the case. The broth
ers called to see about his fee. One
stayed outside and the other went in.
''How much is III" he asked
"We!l." said the lawyer, 81 won't be
hard on you. I've known both you boys
since you were children and | knew your
pap. ] guess $500 Will be about right. ="
he inquiring brother went out dazed
"Lordy, George" he said to the one
outside, '1'm durn glad he didn't know
grandpa. tool'-Saturday Evening
Post.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
N. E. CHuRCH.
Sunday School 1890 a. m.
Morning service ll:30.

Sunday School l0:3Oa m.
Morning service 1870.
Evening service at $3.50 o'clock.
Epworth League on Sunday evening
i 1880 o'clock.
Wednesday prayer netting at 500 p.
n.
The Pastors subject for morning will
be-A direct course.
The evening service and the mid-week
praysrmceling viii be withdrawn in be
half Of the revival meeting in the Bap'
list church.
The official board will meet next Mon
day ovetsng in its regular monthly
meeting. There is some very import
mt business to be transacted.
II. II. Osborne. Pastar.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

For Rent. -250 acre farm three miles
ram Holyoke, known as the Dyer farE
for the next year. Want man who
will put in some fall wheat. See Rob
ert l.. johnson or write A. p. Cronk
1912 Harncy Street, Omaha, Neb.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

The Farmers and Merchants Grain
Co., will give anyone $50 who will prove
that their scales do not weigh correct
ly. N. Burl Osborn, Mgr.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
/. 0. 0. "

Holyoke Lodge No. "a l. .. o. r
meets LIST and 3rd TUESDAY nights oi
zach month in X. OF p. dall.
Visiting brothers ALWAYS welcome.
2. W. Sederburg. N G..
H. l.. Colyer, r. s.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
See our cIoaks before you
buy. A. Scheunemann.

should worry like an au-
tomobile and drive to Jules
burg Friday and Saturday Oct
3, and 4, the Big Harvest fes
tival.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
KNIGHTS OF pYTHIAs

Crescent Lodge No. s'K. ofP meet
End and 4th Friday nighs Of each mont
IN X. Of P. Hall.
Visiting brothers alwavs.w welcome.
A. P. Cronk, Chancellor Commander.
Fred G. Fielder, +. of r. and S.
The state herald., 1913-09-26
LODGE DIRECTORY.
A. F. & A. q.

Holyoke Lodge No. s., A. F. & A. M.
meets LIST and 3rd FRIDAY nights Of each
Month In X. Of P. Hall
Visiting brothers corniallv invited.
Ia. Hazen, WIN. L.A.vanHorn, Sec.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

Your eggs and other pr o
duce will bring you more
money and buy more goods
at our store than any place
in town. Bring in your pro-
duce a be convinced.
Yours for business
A. Scheunemanu.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

Stock wanted topasture. Enquire Of
NJ. j. Brophy, Wray, Colo. mid
The state herald., 1913-09-26
REBEKAAS

Good Cheer Lodge NJ. "a meets End
and 4th Tuesday nights # each month
in X. Of p. Hall.
Mrs G. Wunderlich, N. G
Ethel Holland, Il. s.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

Read the big ad of the Farmers
Store in this isue.
The state herald., 1913-09-26

AMITY GRANGE NO 200.
Regular meeting every first and third
Friday. evening at the Amisy School
House.
A. C. Caublc. Master
Lewis Holtzman, Secretary.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-03-21
RAILROAD TO BUILD BIG
CONCRETE A

Langtry. Texas. March 21.-Several
cars of lumber and reinforcing steel
were unlOaded here this week by R T.
Lees bridge gang. Tt will be used in
the construction of a large concrete
arch over narrow gorge just west Of
town, where the railroad was washed
out last year.
=. Z. Winter has returned from Dew
IFS River. where he rebuilt the boun-
Diary commission gaging stations on
the Rio Grande and Devils rivers.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-03-21
BISBEE SEEKS SITE
FOR NEW HIGH SCHOOL
After Mass Meeting Fails to Make Sc
lection, Matter Is Left to
school Trustees.

Bisbee, Ariz.. March IA mass
meeting OF voters was held to deter
mine the site for the new $50, 900 Bis
bee high school. More than a dozen
sites were submitted. a particularly
strong delegation coming from War
rem with the added inducement that a
bonus would be raised. 1t was finally
decided, after a somewhat stormy meet
ing, that the school trustees should
decide on the site and that their deci-
sion should be presented at a meeting
to be held at a later date
Full data on the proposed change in
the Naco road has been presented to
the city council. The change is de-
sired by the Copper Queen as an ore
body, now being worked, has been
traced INTO the present road. The
Copper Queen viii pay for the build
ing of the road, changing of the car
tracks and changing of all water.
sewer and fire mains. The road will
be 500 sect long. 40 feet wide and will
be paved In the same manner as the.
existing stretch of road.
Work on the annual cleanup has be-
gun Sixteen men are at work and it
is expected that the job will be COM
pleted within three weeks. Following
the cleanup the provisions Of the new
sanitary ordinance, which makes each
householder strictly responsible for his
premises, viii be rigidly enforced.
Plans for extensive additions TO the
Baptist church are now under way. Tt
IS probable that a general subscription
VIII be raised to defray the expenses.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-03-21
BECKERsS BROTHERINLAW
DENOUNCED HIM TO MAYOR.

l-I-l-N NIl-l-I n III1lIILU Nv
ton Of Police Graft Says Becker
Tried to Assault Fife's Sister.
New York, n. Y, March 21-Letters
read before the aldermanic committee
Investigating police graft, showed that
mayor GaynOr and police commission
er Waldo were warned against the
character OF Lieut. Becker as far back
as August, 1910
John Lynch, brOtherinIaw Of Becker.
bitterly denounced the former police
officer In q letter to mayor GaynOr.
The letter was referred to commission
er Waldo, who told the mayor that
this seems to be a family row" and
Becker is doing excellent work"
"One OF my sisters is unfortunately
his wife She works for him. teaches
school" Lynch wrote Of Becker, "and
he. hero-lilze, takes her money. She
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-03-21
Makes Rheumatism
Promptly Disappear
Chronic, Crippled-up SUI
ferers Find Relief After
Few Doses of New Rem
edy are Taken.

1t is needless to suffer any longer
with rheumatism, and be all crippled
up. and bent out OF shape with it's
heart-Wrenching pains, when you can
surely avoid it.
rheumatism comes from weak, in
active kidneys, that fail to filter from
the blood, the poisonous waste mat
ter and uric acid; and it is useless to
rub on Iniments or take ordinary
remedies to relieve the pain This
only prOlongs the misery and can't
possibly cure you.
The only way to cure rheumatism
is to remove the cause The new dis
COVery. CrOLOne, does this because It
neutraliZes and dissOlYes all the pos
onous substances and uric acid that
lodge in the joints and muscles, TO
scratch and irritate and cause rheu-
matism. and cleans out and strength
ems the stOpped-up inactive kidneys,
so they can filter all the poison from
the blood, and drive IL on and out Of
the system.
medicine ever made for curing chronic
rheumatism, kidney troubles, and blad-
der disorders You viii find it diff
ferent from all other remedies There
is nothing else on earth like It 1t
matters not how old you are, or how
long you have suffered, it is practically
impossible to take it into the human
system without results. You will find
relief from the first few doses. and
YOU viii be surprised how quickly all
your misery and suffering will end.
An original package of CrOxone
costs but a trifIe at any first-class
drug store. All druggists are au-
thOrized to sell it on a positive money
back guarantee. Three doses a day for
a few days is often all that is ever
needed to cure the worst backache or
overcome urinary disorders.-Adv.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1913-03-21
DEPOTS WEST OF
DOUGLAS COMPLETED
Eleven Buildings Are Put I'D at -Four
Places by FL PasO and Southwest
ern; Stag TO Be Used.

Douglas. Ariz., March 21.-Au depots
and company buildings from Douglas
west, on the E. P. & S. W. have been
completed, according to contractor
Stanley Bevan. A total OF II buildings
have been constructed at MILESTONE,
Rita, Pantana and BOquillas. At each
Of these places a station, section fore
mans house, section house and two
out houses were constructed. Mr.
Bevan reported that work on the Tue
son station viii be completed this week.
Work on the Douglas depot is proceed
ing well, although somewhat hampered
by nonarriyal Of materials.
C. C. Tinker. field manager for Nc
Arthur Brothers company, spent a day
here looking into the details of his
principals contract with the Z. p. &
) W for getting out Stag for ballast
ing the rOadbed on the new extension.
He found that sufficient Stag had been
eNcavated and loaded here for the bal
lasting OF approximately 60 miles OF
rcadbed- The average daily eXcava-
ton Of the monster steam shovel at
the Copper Queen smelter. is about
200 yards, or approximately 80 cars,
daily. The contract was made for one
year, with the privilege of renewal al
the end Of that time. were the work in
complete This is thought by Mr.
Tinker to be quite likely. The Z. p
q \ w system intends, il is said, 10
ballast Its entire system with the Stag
which as been found TO be an even
better material than crushed stone.