Evening star., 1913-12-08
KNISH PARMBRS
m COOPERATION
~ Frederic ]. HAGkin.

TIE Foe0at puh3aoA6oo q . ooSs14 OF
these letters on "Rural Credits' has
brought forth many letters with rsfef-
enee 10 the movement that ID now on
foot for the financial bctteSIneut 1f tae
farmers Of the United States One OF
these letters. from the senerai manager
of the Jewish Agricultural aud Enduse1sai
Aid Society. tells how the Jsvisn farm
ers are making use of co-opesaksye credit
And helping themselves to . plane OF
economic independence. They ass defn9
II under the helpful auspices ef tbs 50
cIety. whose aim 10 70 put them N the
way Of doing things for Themselves.
The society ITSELF Was formed IN iSoo
ana was the outgrovth OF tho aotivaces
OF the Baron De H'rsch fund. Baron %
Hsrsch was 70 Impressed with the dssira-
A.ntv Of aiding the persetutsd jews OF
eastern Europe to find Q haven o. YssuHe
IN the Cnited States that he gave y ~
dno for the establishment OF funo- sHs
income from which was % De S*psnu1
n, ASSISTING these peopfe 10 get an eec-
nor.ic focthoid on American SOIL fnis
vas IN fsSH ana By ieo0 u vas ehovest
Vise 70 institute q ndvennSut WWSn
woufd take the Immigrant Jews OUT OF
Ara settIe then, where the opportunities
of NetteSsng their financial eofidst'ons
v,rs doYhie5 and their chances OK HviA1
ecod. heaitnfui lives fnussened many
tmss.
n vas not long however. until II wes
<errd thss the work % fooking Aftsr tnO
Jevieh irnrnisr.nts Ro'ns into fns irous-
trial Ae,d and that Of focatinx others unen
ffe land as farmers could he zone oebs1
thr0nSf, seoarats ORGANIZATIONS ana 20
the industrial and Of the activities of the
soesetv raE s~parateH froru IL nod D'aren
under what is known ~ the jewish re.
rn0vai ONCE This was Undsr The nenrIM
direction Of the na,ent society unu. , M. D..
Aeyendsnt institution. leaving the J. a.
And + A. Society TO devote its whole ~.
tentsoa to the WORT OF plantfns tno fee.
Of JeTish Immigrants upon the SOIL sho
seeing to ii that they could stay there.
~
The fundamental activity OF the society
thus became xhat Of rendering Aid to
those who desire to
Loans Are Grante5 become fsrrev. or
who need aid after
at scT ceHt' they have entered
an agricultural pursuit. Loans are esant-
ed AZ 4 per cent interest for the purchase
snd equipment of farms As the FUNDS
% TIE society are limited. II never makes
It's ,oans on first mortgages since such
Obtained elsewhere. Most Of its loans are
upon second mortgages. while many are
uron third. and some even upon fourth
mortgages. where they can be supp'e-
nerted as securities by chattel mortgages
ard other collateral Lands are mortsaged
up to - per cent OF their value as rule
and 20 their full value as an exception
The loans. however. average onlv abou.
S-Co. as the society encourages small hold
iQgs that can be well worked, rather than
large ones poorly worked
There are cases where the society. in
It's efforts to locate new immigrants, upon
fits own account buys the farm upon
which TO locate an immigrant family, and
reseils IL TO the immigrant when he be-
comes able to meet the payments on IT,
II also helps him, in many cases, 70 stock
his place. Furthermore. IL tries to edu-
cate him how to co8x good crops out OF
hts soil. and hew to do 1t with profit to
himself and with gain 70 the community.
He - visited By expert countrymen. and.
in addition. he can get a farm paper de-
voted solely to his interests and to those
OF his counfrymen. 1t Is called the Jew
ish Farmer, and Is the only agricultural
paper In the world published In the fid-
dish jargon.
4 large number OF free scholarships In
the state agricultural colleges OF the
several states are awarded to the sons
and daughters OF Jewish farmers on the
basis of competitive examination. and
il has bsSn noted t at these boys and
girls get more than the ordinary share
of the honors awarded by these schools.
A labor bureau 10 also maintained for
placing immigrant Jews who visa 10 ana
employment on the farm. either among
their own countryfnen or among others.
But perhaps the most important OF all
the activities Of the society is It's work
OF encouraging cooperative banking
among its people. II agrees to lend $1,000
At per cent 70 any association OF Jewish
farmers who will contribute $500 to the
association. for the purpose OF making
loans to its members This association
tscornes sort OF rural bank. modelled
ertirely after the Raiffeisen banks OF Ger
r,any. Each member has an equal vote
neither he hclds one share or q hundred.
n governing the affairs Of the ine1itu-
'cn and all acts OF the o4ncsels Of the
association are subject to the approval
IL .he general assembly OF the asSoeaa-
sar, made up OF al, It's members.
r,ese societies lend only on shsTt-tsyxn
.ates. ard then oniy to those who propose
vote the mones they borrow to .
e.fvs purpose. but. although the
,ss are small and for short terms. they
--e> ylaced where they are most helpful.
-..s earh society governs its affairs with
81 -iew 10 giving each member, when be
needs IL. that little financial push that
Will help him TO realize hts modest an.
bltion-
Ne ussuhsr Who ID not n good nnaaeaal
ana nsorai standing may bcvsov fsca one
OF Snsss soels-
Borrower Scrutini1ed tiss. ~ each