The Detroit times., 1913-12-05
GREAT DEMANDS
FOR new APPLE,
NOW in MARKET
Government Pomol0gists Are
Working to Meet New Sale
Conditions
SUMMER FRUIT FINDING
READY SALE NOWADAYS
Eastman, Monocacy and Sum.
mer King Varieties Are
Meeting Need Now

WASHINGTON. Dec. s.-H r.
Gould, pomologist. In charge OF fruit
district Investigations OF the bureau
or plant industry. IN seeking new
varieties of fruits, with . view to pro
noting the most promising.
"The variety problem" said MI.
Gould, "is one that is ever before tina
grower, whether he views the indus
try from the standpoint OF the st0'
dent or from that Of the business man.
In the last analysis commercial fruit
growing. to be permanently success
full, must be considered from both
standpoints. A the business aspects
OF fruit growing receive more definite
recognition, varieties will be planted
moro and moro to meet conditions,
ane for special rather than genera;
zone of the most important require
mcnts In winter apple in some sec
lions, for instance, IL that IL have
good cold storage qualities Summer
apples were for q considerable period
very minor consideration commerc
cially, but within the past ten or Rf
teen years there has developed an
urgent demand In the eastern markets
for this class of fruit This has
greatly stimulated the planting Of
early apple varieties"
Three promising varieties Of apples
the Eastman. the Monocacy and the
Summer King-have come into promi.
hence because of market demands.
"The pioneer attempts at fruit grow.
ing in Northern Iowa early demon
strated that the varieties with which
the early settlers were familiar IN
their old homes in the east we're not
hardy enough to Withstand the dry.
cold winters characteristic of large
portion OF the upper Mississippi Val
ley. The Eastman apple Is one of the
results OF q definitely planned effort
to develop varieties adapted to the Pc
culiar needs of this region. 1t origin.
ated at Charles City. Iowa. from a
seed of Fameuse apple which was
planted In the spring Of 1874. The
pollen parent of the Eastman is un.
known, but 1t must have been st.
Lawrence. an Oldenhurg or Wealthy
apple. The Eastman tree makes a
strong, vigorous, spreading growth,
and is conceded to be decidedly more
hardy than its parent, the Famease
| and equal I'm hardness to the Wealth.
1t has proved to be q remarkably early
regular and prolific bearer. For some
years 1t has been giving good salts.
faction in central Iowa, as well as in
various sections Of Minnesota. II
seems to do well in the Bayfield, PENN.
sulQ region Of WiacOnain
The Eastman apple II roundish n
form. slightly truncate, and pale yell
low In color, heavily washed with dell.
cate bright red and marked with
broken stripes and splashes Of light
carmine. The flesh IL white, and the
texture rather coarse, tender and mod.
erately juicy.
/ The Monocacy apple" said Mr.
Gould, SIS one of many examples Of
fruit varieties that apparently possess
great potential possibilities, and have
long been grown In very restricted re-
gions. where they are highly e.
teemed, but which remain quite un.
known to fruit-growers generally.
Frederick Dorcus, Of Carroll county.
Nd, now eighty-one years old, recalls
eating apples from the original Mono
cacy tree In 1849. The tree stood on
a farm owned by William Baumgard
ner, Of Monocacy. Carroll county. II
was considered wilding, and the
fruit was 50 hard In the fall that Il
was not usually gathered. The fruit
would remain on the tree and through
freezes Mr.. Dorcus thawed and ato
them.
"The Monocacy came into loci
prominence In 1859 or 1860, when n
Mr.. Seiss. a tenant farmer, discovered
its real worth. Mr.. Seiss got permits.
sion from Mr.. Baumgardner to gnther
the apple for himself. He put away
thirty bushels, burying them in q Dit
The apples were kept In the ground
until late next spring. when all other
apples were gone, and brought out.
They were OF such high quality that
they attracted much attention, and
apparently created considerable loca,
excitement"
The Monocacy Is q yellowish- green
apple, overspread with dark crimson.
The flesh Is yelowish.white.
"The early history OF the Summer
King" Mr.. Gould continued, us oh
scure. 1t appears to have been a
relatively prominent variety in War.
rem county, Kentucky. during the mid.
die OF the last century, where it "a
supposed to have been introduced by
the early settlers from North Caro-.
lima about 1910 or 1916. More definite
records regarding its origin are
wanting. 1t seems never to have be.
come much known In Norty, ro.>it..
and at the present time Il IA YER,
rarely found In that state.
+ THE Summer King has been r..
ceived at the department of agricuI.
ture from Kentucky. Maryland. Ten
nessee and New Jersey. But tho
variety is unknown to most fruit
growers. II 10 very highly esteemed"
The Summer King is OF medium
size and round. II IL greenish-yellow
washed and marbled with mixed red