davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

In snort the consequences to life from these
: rays are so tremendous that many birds butter
flies moths. flies. sea urchins and other crea
tures are made by nature to seek light at any
cost Nature has taught the brute world for
ages what man is just beginning 10 find out
mat 1t is better that few birds bump their
lives out against a lighthouse, or a moth be
burned In fame, even a few sick men be
sunstruck, than that the whole race of birds
moths and men be deprived of the effects OF
sunlight.
Sunlight should be sought by all except the
aged and infants. In its sparkling radiations
microbes die. decay ceases the iron In the
oiood becomes chemically strong; ozone is
manufactured from the dirt and dust which are
also destroyed; the Precipitation becomes active
ana carries of waste from the muscles and
ceanses the skin; dead tissues are purified and
the muscles In vigorated; and all life Is made to
thrive. "
Professor Whitman has discovered that even
rant shadow causes a leech to sway from
size 10 side and become restless, and Dr. Dolly
N a brilliant experiment. has proved that
butterfly will live three times longer in sunlight,
than i'll shadow. Professor Yerkes has also
SHOWN that the jellyfsh is inactive in the dark
OUT becomes very strenuous in sunlight.
Even earthworms, according to Professor
Mast, OF Johns Hopkins. are favorably influenced
by the very light they seem to avoid He saws:
nave kept eerthworms continuously exposed
TO strong difuse daylight in excellent condition
for weeks. Exposure to light Is not avoided bv
them on account OF possible injury by the suns
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
LESS Chance of LONG LIFE Than There Used TO Be

STHE fact that the average length of life
is somewhat greater than it used to be
has made many OF us prone to believe
that have better chance Of living to a
ripe old age than our fathers and grandfathers
did. This pleasant idea, however, is entirely
erroneous. Not only is the expectation of fur
Their life at the age of sixty, fifty even forty
years not improving. but it is probably a slim.
mer chance to-day than it was n hundred years
ago. In fact Prof. Herbert w. Fisher. Of Yale
University, goes far TO say that our con
ditions OF life are approaching point where
the very existence Of the human race is threat
cned.
The average length of life is increasing be-
cause epidemic diseases are suffering defeat at
the hands OF sanitary fighters. But the
saving in this direction Is largely OF infants
and young children and has no effect
adults chances OF living long. AS Prof. Fisher
points out 1t Is easy to see how average ongev-
ity may improve and yet the ship OF life be
all the while going the rocks.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

propelled at high speed. has a natural
antipathy TO turning TO the right or left
"a fact which is taken advantage Of in
the construction OF bullets, torpedoes. and
dirigible balloons-and If it is compelled
TO do SO. suddenly develops centrifugal
force. II the body is in the shape of
this shows itself by the outer, or on
side lifting from the track, while the in
ner side bites into Il.
On racing track this tendency is coun-
teracted by building. at the angles where
the cars have to turn, steeply slopng
bank up which they climb sideways so
that the track. in fact, lifts as do the
outer wheels. and the car heels over I'M
til 1t almost seems as If it's occupant
must fall out. BY this the liability to
skid Is probably much increased
An English automobile engineer raises
the question OF whether the present mode
OF steering racing cars IS not mechanically
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
IL Your BUTTER TASTES BAD.
Perhaps There's IRON I'M III

sT7HE disagreeabe havor which perfectly good but
ter often develops after being kept for several
months Is due TO slow chemical change pro-
duccd by minute particles OF copper iron and other
metals which get into the butter during its manufac-
This is the opinion OF the experts Of the United
States Department, who set out time ago to solve
the mystery of good butter frequently turning bad
II butter is properly made it be held In storage
rom the Summer season when 1t Is Plentiful until Win
ter when is scarce without materially injuring its
quality Yet. farmers and Wholesale dealers have
learned to their the finest butter stored under
ideal conditions, often out of storage SO tainted
that 1t is unsuitable greatly lessened in value
The fact~that this damaged butter had a peculiar
metallic taste. led the Governments experts to think
that bits of rust and metal might be at the bottom
ties OF IRON varying from to five hundred parts to
quickly developed bad taste, that, although slight
was quite noticeable, and the longer the butter was
kept in storage the more pronounced the dsagreeabe
flavor became due doubtless to the very slow chemical
changes produced by the iron.
Butter was also made from which had stood in
rusty cans, and in this butter had peculiar
taste and was easily picked out from all other SAMPLES
The butermilk also had decided metallic taste
me influence OF copper the flavor of butter WAS
studied in a similar manner. and it was found that
"copper" even in small quantities. to cause more
marked changes of flavor in butter than did the iron
with decided tendency toward shy flavor after be.
Ing kept IN storage.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

bT7HE two front wheels of motor car
are connected by rigid axle which
is capable of being turned so as to
proceed In direction not quite parallel with
that connecting the two hind wheels. BY this
arrangement the CARTS steered; and when,
By means OF it, the front wheels are
turned SO as to run al an angle with their
previous course, the hind wheels have to
follow them as best they may. This pre-
sents no difficulty il the machine is go
ing at slow pace and If the road IS
firm and dry. But when the road Is slip
perry from rain or OIL the momentum which
the machine has already attained causes
IL TO press the front wheels sideways in.
stead Of forward. Then the phenomenon
known as "skidding" appears, and the
front wheels slip instead of revolving.
In racing automobile on a circular
track there IS still another danger Any
body much longer than Its diameter, when
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

average being forty. Suppose that in CORE
spending 10000 dying in the next generation
ten years apiece have been ADDED to the lives
of 5000 babies who formerly would have died
in an hour. This adds $4,000 years to the total,
years to the average. But suppose that at
the same time, year has been Topped off from
the lives Of 1000 men who die at ages above
forty. This cuts off 1000 years for the total.
or onetenth OF year for the average.
In mere years, then, there is still net gain
OF 9-10. But In human destiny the net result
is not gain. but loss The years given to the
babies are less significant than the years taken
from the men, The years given to the babies
with no years to foow--are not servceabe
years. The years taken from the men the
best years Of the best lives in the community
The appalling fact is that although at all
early ages CASUALLY under forty there has been
gain, yet at all ages beyond that point there is
a steady and progressive loss. The authority
for these facts is abundant. They were re-
vealed by the late Conservation Commission
and are being every day reiterated by the life
insurance authorities. The same facts are, in
deed, the burden of the statistical songs OF all
nations as sung at the recent international Hy-
giene Congress at Dresden. All had lost, except
England and Sweden,
Epidemic diseases are responsible for most
of the deaths under forty; organic diseases
do most Of the killing over that age. Sudden
assaults from outside the body cause epidemic
diseases while organic diseases are due to a
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

rays. but in order for them to shln the birds
the earthworms better creatures II 1t did not
reveal them to their enemies, the birds"
PROFESSOR Mast thinks that the happy nfu-
ence OF sunlight upon man and other animals is
inc result OF evolution which began with its
marvellous effect on the green plants Sunlight
makes the green leaves form starches and other
compounds for the use of animals These effects
OF sunlight are, he says, the foundation stones
Oh the suns activities on every living thing
Probably sunlight helps man to make foods
ior his muscles and tissues just as 1t does the
green plant Certainly it improves his health
and facilitates all forms of effort. An amoeoa
oecames busy in the sunlight so does YOUR
white blood corpuscIe; deadly disease germ is
DESTROYED by the sunlight, SO are the dirty cells
OF your skin as they peel Off from sunburn
All these important discoveries about the
suns rays should impress us with the advisa.
bility OF getting all the sunlight we can. Tho
homes where we live and the schools factories
AND Offices where we work, should be designed
with view to admitting maximum amount of
the suns beneficial rays The Government has
set good example in this respect by devoting
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
BY DR.. L. K. HIRSHBERG,

Alb, MA, Md, Johns Hopkins.
TF you want TO be healthy and happy you
should keep on the sunny side OF the street
o. just as much you can. The more sun.
light you get the better, even in the hottest
weather Uuless your body has been weakened
by drinking or other excuses sunlight will
make your heart beat better, your liver do
more efficient work, and every organ and tissue
In YOU! body take new activity. In fact the
human race would be far better off II al, our
buildings were made OF glass some other
transparent material which would permit every
nook and corner TO be perrcated with sunlight
The world is just beginning 10 realize how
essential sunlight is TO all living things Not
only does ii help human being TO digest food
more easily and keep in better health hut sci.
ence now declares, it actually enables man to
do more work and woman TO become more
beautiful.
All these beneficial effects are due to the
almost endless variety OF unseen rays con.
tanned in every bit OF light that emanates from
the sun. Although these rays invisible to
human eyes science is able 10 identify many OF
them by the OF ingenious screens which
cut Off all the white and coored light that Is
visible. 1t Is those unseen rays which cause
the chemical change in a Photographic plate,
produce the aurora borealis, exert curative in
iuencn upon leprosy and tuberculosis, fill the
atmosphere on The sunny side O: the street
with oxygen and nitrogen and do many other
marvellous things.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
How You Can Tell an EGGS AGE

MYTH eggs the precious things their present high
AM prices make them it is important for every
W housewife to know simple and accurate meth
cd OF testing their freshness.
There is better indication Of an egg than its
density eggs that float being bad investment All
need to test eggs that under suspicion is glass
of water. into which you drop them one by one while
you watch closely how they behave
fresh egg will Sink when placed in water and rest
on its side; If three. weeks old it will incline slightly
with the small end down; If three months Old it will
stand the small end and if older will Goat with
the large end out Of water more less according to
its age.
A device embodying this principle has lately been
patented 1t consists OF an air chamber of aluminium
on the outside Of the stem OF which rule The egg
is placed wire holder at the bottom of the nstr,
ment and placed in water The depth the instrument
Sinks shown by the rule indicates density of tho
egg, and enables you to tell glance whether It is
fresh or has been kept long time in storage
Copyright 1913 by the Star Company Great Britain r
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

had no saloons we would need to have no notice
prisons courts or charitable institutions there will al
ways DO something to be said in favor of the ouor
institutions. i " ~
While 1t is difficult to get exact figures on this sub
jec because OF the confusion in public bookkeeping
nere are enough available support case for the
Hquor business. The last general compilation of
governmental expenditures is contained in the cen.
sus report OF 1902 This shows that the entire an
iiua expenses Of the State local governments for
charities, insane and penal institutions were then
tlhe more than S1o0000000 The total receipts from
liquor licenses 500 900 the Federal internal
ana customs revenue from liquors s20OOO00OO addi.
'lona Thus the revenues from the liquor business
would pay all the expenses of penal and public
= "
1t may be objected that there other charges which
should be considered for example court proceed
ngs and police The entire expenditures OF States and
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

gradual arrangement inside. This arrangement
Prof Fisher declares, is due to our modern
ways Of earning living.
Directly or indirectly he says, "all organic
diseases are occupational; and as only two
deaths in hundred are free from some dis.
ease or other-despite the defeat of epidemic
diseases-the great fact of occupation looms
up as the most important fact in life.
Our division OF labor is the curse of
times because 1t depriyes us OF opportunity for
versatility and ties so many of 10 the deadly
monotony OF n single repeated operation OF
the hand or brain. Versatility is the unescap-
able condition OF life We can never thrive
until we live according 10 that condition
Nothing more signaly illustrates how dia-
metrically we travelling against our own
interests than the muchvaunted feat of modern
efficiency whereby bricklayer now lays Ten
bricks in the time he could formerly lay but
one He lays the ten by no longer having to
stoop for them. Did you ever hear OF calls
themes? II you will stand with legs apart and
arms outspread and then turn your arms at
right angles to your legs and then stoop and
touch the floor, you Will be performing the
most important evolution known to calsthenics
1t is precisely the evolution OF which the
brtcklayer has been deprived
civilization will continue to prepare and
promote its own destruction until it stops
counting progress in economic terms-bv num-
Der and speed-and begins counting it in terms
OF health"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

calling raises his receiver light flashes on the
switchboard at central and this light continues to
burn until the operator plugs" the number receives
the call, plugs the number called for, and the called
person raises his receiver from the hook When Tho 10
ceivers are finally replaced their hooks both lights
flash and burn until the operator removes the connect.
Ing plugs.
10 complete one call means four flashes OF light The
operators eyes are thus exposed from 500 10 900
nashes OF light every hour say nothing OF the mental
ana physical strain under which she constantly works
Although more than 100000 was spent in 1911 in the
enol 10 provide the best possible working conditions
9 Inc s"chboard girls yet the average length OF ser
vice does not exceed three years Headache dullness
indigestion exhaustion. strain insomnia and ooas
are some OIL the symptoms that follow work of this kind
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
Our Public Charities.
Are Paid by
Whiskey and
Beer Taxes

localities for courts military and police for tho year
1907 were not quite 800 900 Adding all this to the
expenses already given, makes total of 5000 600 600
Inc revenue from the liquor traffic would pay this too
and leave balance of $5o0G000O other purposes
rake the case OF New York State. While the total
expenses In that year for charities penal in
sttutions amounted to S20,00000O the liquor licenses
produced nearly sl3,Oo000o this was before the in
crease in the tax, which makes them yield $751;
100000 On capita basis share OF the Federal
receipts from the liquor traffic paid by the State
of New York was than the S2O0OOO00 spent for
the above enumerated institutions
1t is also pointed out that it is reasonable to
charge up the expense OF all the asyums amshouses
prisons and hospitals TO the liquor business. This Is
shown by the State of Kansas which been for a
number of years under prohibition laws Kansas re-
ports total expenditure these purposes of
Sl600o00 approximately S1.10 per capita This Is only
80 cents per capita less than the average for the
United States But If this excess i'll other States were
all chargeabe to the liquor traffic, the total difference
would have amounted in that year onc-ha
the receipts from liquor licenses alone.
Were the liquor business he abolished, ms the pro
hibitioniss the nation would forced to raise
by direct taxation or in other way the S255 OOO
600 which is received annually this source and
which is more than enough to all the cost Of police
prisons, courts and public charities
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
SURPRISING
FACTS About
the LIQUOR
BUSINESS

E"HE much maigned Demon Rum" assumes far
different aspect from what have always been
led TO expect when realize that large share
Oh every dollar spent for alcohol goes meet the ex
pense OF some OF the necessary institutions of our
civilization Indeed when viewed in this light iquor
traffic becomes less demon and all angel in dis
guise for without It's the nation would for
q time at least find it hard to get along
~ VIII surprise everybody has not taken the
trouble to investigate the subject learn that all the
expenses or courts police prisons and even
our public charities are met by from the
liquor traffic in the shape Of license charged saloons
BY States and municipalities and taxes imposed by the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

business pays all these costs; and.
IN addition, it pays the entire OK.
pense of the police and the courts.
and also contributes literally toward
other useful and necessary Govern
ment expenditures.
Or course, the Prohibitionists
maintain that large proportion o.
the inmates Of our prisons. hospitals
and asylums were brought there as
result OF the liquor business. But
until it can be sboWn that is u.o
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
How TELEPHONES Ruin Girls HEALTH

IVY DIRK at telephone switchboard is only
A/ trying to O. girls temper but if she undertakes
w to follow it for any length OF time it Is very
liable to ruin her health. The enormous strain the
work imposes on the eyes is the given in re-
port OF the American Medical Association the fact
that the average length OF service under good
conditions and in the of healthy girls rarely ex
ceeds three years.
There are in the United States about 10 900 tele.
phone girls. The working hours are about eight per
day and the average number of calls is about 40 per
hour running, at the busiest times to 225 or more
The operator sits facing a switchboard covered with
numbers, each number having small signal light that
hashes on and off the call is completed. When the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

C ONE people persist in believing that nation must
continue to increase in population in order to
- keep pace with it's rivals and be able to maintain
Its independence and influence says DR. Woods Hutch
inson. This theory all right many years ago, but
to-day the nation with the largest population is not
necessarily the strongest nation In this age science
and brains are more than match for numerical
strength and nation that depends upon population
for It's success Will have chance in competition
with smaller and brainer races.
AS civilization advances the birth rate declines,
the higher the intelligence of people the lower will
be their birth Crude, uncvilized peoples are
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

-, ''a' '.e saloon is un,niyed o,,
s'es no,nns IN return for all that it takes from
"''ilitS. only the other day. for examine !, uoi,
Aho"h pronbitionist made the statement that "tbs
e'enue tne liquor dealer gives the State does NOT ma
{ nan or quarter tenth of the costs he p,no
upon US IN the maintenance OF PRISONS hospitals and
asylume." p''"i' ano
The statistics show that this and other sin,,
ehts are Inaccurate and without the sghtes, fonda
'ion IN tac Far from paying only quarter or tar,h
OF the costs OF prisons hospitals and asvls tho ,io
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
e Expenses OF Our Prisons, Police Courts. and Even

fedcraI Government on beer wines and
liquors And after the liquor business has
paid all the millions Of dollars required for
me support OF their institutions there still
hoWs from it's capacious pockets a stream of
revenue sufficient to go long way toward
paying the cost Of our National Guard and
other heavy Government expenses.
IBIS is not a new state of affairs, but one
which has existed for years. and 1t becomes
more favorable to the liquor business will,
every increase in the license fees. such as
was recently made in New York and other
States
That there should be any ground for tho
assertion that the liquor business serves any
useiui purpose is all the more surprising bo.
cause the anti-saloon forces have aIwsys
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

sible-are all steer
ed By rud d ers
placed not in front,
but in the rear; and
that a rud d e +
can be made to bite
as we'll on a track
as in the sea or the
air may be seen
from the analogous
case or the bob
sleigh or the Cana
dian toboggan. II
this principle were
applied to racing
cars much skiddlng
might be avoided.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

wrong. For road cars the old method of
altering the cars course by setting the
front wheels askew may still be good
enough But steamships. torpedoes and
aeropianes. all Of them machines driven SO
as to produce as much momentum az nos
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

'FhpJoSC, Nv
says, t ii 4 t.
among 10000
people dying
to-day. some
die Mt an
hour old, some
ut forty years,
some at one
hundred the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

over half the space of the new
post-office building in Wash
lnston TO an arrangement
which permits the interior 10
be flooded with sunlight, and
Mayor Preston OF Baltimore
predicts that in the not very
FAR distant future every school
house will have its roof and
four walls built of glass.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14

These experiments plainly show that If cream is
Kept In rusty cans orif it comes in contact with iron
or copper in the separaors, drums pasteuriZers 1t
is quite liable take up sufficient bits of metal to
give II bad flavor.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-14
To Clean Brass.
For White Furs.

an be freshened by rubbing into them generous
nmea After letting dry brush out thoroughly