davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-03-21
Threatened With Arrest :
Wife Stood by Him

The Gallagher referred to was the
man who shot Mayor Gaynor aboard a
steamer at Hoboken. Becker's wire
stood by Becker staunchly during his
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19

Especial Cable to The Times Dispatch.
London, July lS.-Thc Chronicles
BRUSSELS correspondent wires to- day:
have received Information from
exceptionally wcll-informcd sources
that King Ferdinand of Bulgaria is in
night News TO the same effect has
ksceh received from Paris. The in
FORMATION there is that the King has
Prince Boris"
inquirics at the Bulgarian legation
IN London failed to conhrm this news.
ana two cablegrams received at the
legation day from Sofia did not in
Gicate any untoward occurrence The
.erretary OF the legation discrcdited
me story, but the same papers, Vienna
wires. report that Queen ElcnOrc or
bulgaria., with her suite arrived to-
day AZ Ernstbrunn Castle in lower
austria Ior prolonged stay This
castle Is the property OF the Prince OF
Rcuss, the Queens nephew
In connection with tho above rcnort &
II is noteworthy that the Roumanian
tr"0ns We're within thirty miles OF sofia
on 81, Wednesday; rho Queen OF Bulgaria
Photographed Tho Queen OF Rouinauia
an appeal TO stop the Roumaninn I'd
vance The latter replied that the
iroops would continue 10 advance. but
Win the greatest consideration"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19

George Burke, who was McClaves man
agcr during the campaign. McClave
produced letter from Burke in which
the latter said:
You always had that fellow right
! recall YOU telling me during the cam
paign that you thought he was Il fake
and that is what he turns out TO be
II he had me on his pay roll he mus,
It. lie told me he spent $500 for it,
NO" he has raised il to $500"
AS far as ! know" said McCIavc
resumins his. narrative. "Mulhall never
PAD any of the county committees
any money for my campaign As far
as know, he never collected any
money for my campaign. AS far AS I
know, he never spent any money for
my campaign except to pay for the
headquarters He didn't even pay the
printing bills he had contracted for"
senator Walsh attacked AicClave for
having permitted Mulhall TO proceed
With MS campaign work
mad confidence in MulhalL" de-
clared the witness because of his let
terS from prominent Republicans 1t
Was not until the campaign of i9l2 that
! learned he had been discharged from
turcrs."
McClave said Mulhall told him he was
going 10 help him win by increasing
the Socialist vote in his district
ON cross examination McClave thus
him
All know is that he hired two
rooms. got out the posters and went
He said that he (McClavc) had At
Tended 10 business every day in New
YORK during the campaign and only
saw Mulhal occasionally.
McClaNc'S stand for confirmation OF
The Mu!hall story has thrown the mar
rative up in the air
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
Bristol Is Encouraged.

Especial 20 Tho Times Dispatch ]
Bristol, Va. July Is-Postmaster
Gauthier and other members OF the
committee that went 10 Washington
hoping to save the Bristol CNaD post
oft!ce. have returned. They express
confidence In a rehearing OF the case
stating that the pJstmaster-Geucral
has consented to receive them
y mass meeting is TO be held in the
next day or two, when resolutions viii
be adopted and Il plan OF battle out
lined. The committee states that the
whole OF Virginia is aroused over the
situation Judging from the messages
that poured into Washington from
every section of the State
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
CROWDS ATTEND
PRIESTS FUNERAL
Remains of Father O'Reilly Laid
to Rest in Mount Calvary
Cemetery.

More than 1000 persons OF many de-
nominations followed tho body OF tho
Rev. James Il. O'Roilly to Mount Cal
vary Cemetery yesterday.
The ceremony at the graveside was
especially impressive. First the Bone
dictus was sung by Il choir OF priests
before tho great silent gathering, and
then the Catholic burial service was
read by Rt. Rev. Bishop d. J. O'Con-
nell. The bishop then blessed the grave
and committed the body to IL by throw
ing in shoveful OF earth and pro-
nuuncing the words:
TO the earth from which thou
earnest commit thee, in the name OF
The Father. the Son and the Holy
Ghost"
The gathering at tho Sacred Heart
Cathedral was one OF tho largest the
edifce has ever contained. All OF the
seats and the aisles We're packed. while
police had TO be stationed at the doors
to prevent crush.
The service in the church began with
Chanting by the choir OF priests. The
pohtihcal mass was then sung by
bishop o'Connell, assisted by the Rev
rather John Doherty. Of Norfolk and
Rev. Father + j. Wilson, OF old Point
Comfort.
Very Rev. T. j o'Farrell, V. 6. of
Petersburg, preached the funeral SER
mon He was an intimate friend Of
Father oKeiily, end told inpressively
OF MS accompaniment his work in tho
church and his broad charity
Ihe services in the church. which he
gan about 10 o'clock, lasted for more
Than an hour The casket was then
carried out OF the church. preceded by
the honorary pallbearers. hfty-four in
number. and by twenty-four priests and
a number OF choir boys carrying light
ed candles. The casket was borne by
William and NJ. a Powers, J. T. Disney.
j ii. Crchmer, Harry Fors,mann.
Thomas Muldowney. c. F. Taylor,
James l.. Taylor and Dr. II c. Forst-
mann Among those Immediately fol
lowing the body We're Governor Mann
and his secretary. Hen T. owen.
The police held the great crowd in
check as the casket Was conveyed from
the cathedral 10 the hearae Carriages
were lined UP outside for half mile
ON both Floyd and Park AVcnucs
The start Tor the cemetery was made
from the residence OF Bishop oConnell.
on Floyd Avenue The long line of
carriages fell into the procession a. 1t
moVe6 UP the avenue. and hundreds OF
persons followed on foot
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
UNCLE SAM PLANS
FOR STEEL PLANT
Government Likely to Enter
Upon Manufacture of
Armor Plate.

Washington, July ls.-"Sign posts"
at the Capitol are pointing toward
United States government, operated By
the Navy Department, and producing IA
large part OF the heavy and expensive
armor used in the protection OF battle
ships. II would appear also that party
lines would be broken down 10 some
extent in the rising demand for total
'armor trust" as two Republican Rep
rcsentatives one Democratic Senator
and Democratic Secretary OF the Navy
are all working toward the same end.
Secretary Danielss recent report on
the need for a govcrnment-own ar
NOR plate plant reads almost like an
interview with Representative Fred
Britton, OF Chicago, a Republican. and
new member OF the Naval Affairs
terances on the navy were to the cf-
feet that three big armor- producing
plants are getting all the business OF
Senator Ashurst introduced ii bill pro-
viding d million dollars for a govern
ment plant, and Representative Barton,
Of Nebraska, introduced q resolution,
which has been passed. calling for GER
tain information regarding the amount
OF money paid to the Bethlehem Steel
Works. the Carnegie and the Midvale
works, which are the three armor plate
producing plants OF this country
Bused SecreturH's REPORT.
The views of all three men converge
in the secretary's report. 10 which IS
attached III detail the answers OF the
Navy Department To the Barton reso-
luton. Senator Ashurst's bill calls FOR
Sl,OUV,00U TO establish plant. but.
curlously enough, Representative Brit
ton has said all along that II would
take approximately SS.OOV.0OO TO estap-
lish sucn Il plant, and the Navy Depart
mcnt figures now before the House bear
him OUT. He has been in Geographic
correspondence with Washington in the
last few days and probably viii in
troducc IL bili very soon TO cover the
situation thoroughly.
The complaint arises because the
price of armor plate goes up constantly
and remains up, unit! II Is forced down
suddenly by some act OF Congress. Sec
rotary Daniels presents letters from
the Midvalc Steel Company and from
the Bethlehem Company III answer 10
his questions concerning some bids
Identical bids from the bethlehem
ana Mldvalc companies caused the Sec
Rotary of the Navy 10 ask about IT. The
companies replied. in general, that the
Navy Department long standing policy
had been 10 encourage ordnance manu-
tacturers, etc, ana that they had been
III the habit Of dividing the work be-
tween the three companies
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
OBITUARY
Dr. John II. Hartman

Or John II Hartman. formerly Of
this city, aged thirty-Seven years. died
carly Thursday morning at s., Jo-
seph's Hospital. Reading Pa, after an
illne-s OF several weeks OF typhoid
fever
d. Hartman vas born in Petersburg.
Va APRIL J. 1876 lie WAS a son of DR..
John II Hartman ana Mile Pryor
Hartman
He removed early in life 10 Rich
mond where he received his education.
end graduated from the University Col.
lree of Medicine, ia school OF dentistry.
IN the class OF 1886.
lie placticed his profession i'm this
c!ty unul 1899 when he removed TO
Lexington. Va, where he practiced for
several years
In 1900 he was married - Miss Eliza
beth !.eibert Jordan. OF Lexington. and
Re is survived 10y his wife. two daugh-
ters. annie Jordan and Elizabeth. and
enc son. John II Hartman. Jr. He also
leaves ono brother, Mercer Hartman. Of
Roanoke, Va, and sister Mrs Mel
VILE Jehries, OF Durham. y g.
The funeral services viii he held this
morning al u o'clock at the family
section in Hollywood. conducted hv the
liev. Peyton CraiRhill. Of the Episcopal
church at Barton Heights. OF which
communion Or Hartman MAS mem
Der
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
DEMAND IS MADE
FOR PROTECTION
Washington Asks Mexican Gov
eminent to Send Troops
to Durango

Washington, July lS.-ln response
to Consul Hamm's request FOR protec-
ton for Americans liz the Durango sec
ton, the State Department has de-
manded action from, the Mexican Fed
eral authorities The department went
further than usual. IN that it request
ed the Federal government to dispatch
troops from Torrcon.
Consul Hamm previously has report
ed foreigners. irrespective of nation
ality, being held by revolutonists for
ransom in Durango. The prisoners at
one time included the Archbishop of
Durango.
Consideration of the Mexican situa-
ton took much of the time of the
President and the Cabinet ut reg
ular session to-day. Secretary Bryan
had n long conference with the Presi-
dent before the other members ar
rived.
Although reports are coming in
from various sources the administra-
ton is looking forward to hrst-hand
information from Aniba ssador Wilson
on his way from Mexico City, 1t was
again authoritativcly stated to-day
that the attitude OF the administration
still was unchanged.
II was reiterated that the Cabinet
unanimously was III accord with the
President in waiting q return to stable
conditions before extending rccogni-
ton. several oihClaiS stated that the
Cabinet from the beginning had been
OF the opinion that the changing con-
ditiohs Of Mexican politics warranted
the hands-oif policy for some time TO
come.
Some of the members of the Cabinet
were not inclined TO think any action
would he taken after Amba ssndor VIII
sons conference. They reiterated the
belief that until elections were held in
Mexico and an appearance Of peace
was in sight, formal recognition prob
ably would be withheld.
The State nepa rtneut to-day. in CON
hrmiuE the report OF the appointment
by he Mexican Federal government OF
General Felix Dia1 ambassador to
Japan on special mission, announced
that Diaz would fulfill u mission that
Was created for Gustavo Madero. a
brother of the late President Francisco
Mauero. who was killed in the events
that led 10 the deposition and death
OF the unfortunate President. The mis-
sion was created for the purpose of
formally thanking the Japanese gov
eminent for it's participation in the
Mexican Centennial celebration in 1910.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
Tries to XIII IIerseIf.

Especial 10 The Times Dispatch
AsheVilie. July 1S.-Bulah Redmon. a
girl less than twenty years OF age.
made an effort to commit suicide yes
terday afternoon by jumping from the
bridge across the French Road River
into the stream, distance OF forty
rect. However, she was rescued by
passers-by, and was taken 10 y LEGAL
hospital where it was reported this
morning that her condition is very Sc
Fous. The younG woman rcgained
CONSCIOUSNESS short time after be-
ing placed In the hospital, and was
unwilling To give any cause for her
action, she has attempted to commit
suicide on two previous occasions. 1t is
said.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
Indictment Returned.

New York. July 1S.-The Indictment
returned by the Federal grand jury
tlNities Of David Lamar i'm inner
Sonating Congressmen is not likely
L" become public document until the
III appear In court. according TO state
mentS made in the Office OF the United
:t3tcs district attorney to-day. The
Indictment was returned late Thursda Y
afternoon and placed under seal ~
Judge Hand The United States dis
trIcl attorney. II. Snowden Marshall.
Is in Washington, and William
FLYNN. chief of the secret service
declared that he knew nothing about
me names contained in the indict-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
MILLIONAIRE AS HOST.
Kansas Railway MN Entcrtuins 20, 900
Children at Picnic.

AtchisOn. Kan. July 1S-Twenty
thousand Kansas children were guests
to-day of Bale T. Waggener. q mil
ionalre railroad man, at his annual
children's picnic. All the expenses. even
including railroad fare 10 Atchison
were borne by Mr.. Waggener. Enter
tainment provided included n distribu-
tion of toys and flowers. automobile
parades. land and water athletic con-
tests. baseball games, exhibition drill
By the United states troops from Fort
works.
Governor Hodges and staff and three
companies of the Kansas National
Guard were here for the outing.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
DEATHS

DAvls-Died, at Elmont. Va. July II.
at 1880 r. NJ, DOROTHY WEBB.
aged thirteen months and ten days.
infant daughter of T. Leslie and
Bertha Lee Davis.
Funeral TODAY Saturday at
1880 A NJ. at Wins Baptist Church.
HARTMAN.-Died. Thursday morning
al St. Josephs Hospital Reading,
Pa. DIR. JOHN II. HARTMAN. for
merly Of this city, in the thirty
seventh year of his age. Besides
his widow, who was Miss Elizabeth
Leibert Jordan. of Lexington, Va,
he is survived by Two daughters and
one son, and one brother Mercer
Hartman, OF Roanoke, Va.
Funeral service THIS Saturday
MORNING at the family section in
Hollywood at II o'clock. Friends
invited
JOHNSTON-Died Friday. ! r. NJ at
his residence. 223 Governor Street.
CHARLES NJ. cBUCKD JOHNSTON.
Funeral from residence SUNDAY,
o'clock. Friends invited
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
REUNION PICNIC
FOR MACA|N|STS
Senator Swanson Will Be Chief
Orator at Ocean View
Outing.
LSpeclal ID The Timcs DIsnatch-

Norfolk. Va. July Tomorrow
Will be a biz day for the machinists Of
Norfolk. Portsmouth. Richmond and
Newport News They vii! hold a re-
union picnic at ocean View, and in
addition % the various amusements
prepared for them, they will hear an
address by Senator Claude i. Swat
son.
Senator Swanson arrived mere to-day.
The junior Senator. because Of his cf-
forts 10 send warships to the Norfolk
Navy-lard is popular with all me-
chanics in this section. He said to-day
that the outlook Tor the luca! ward
is very promising He says he VIII
cndeavor TO secure q large appropriate
ton for the local yard so that contract
work can be done here.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
RUSSIA Is BIG BUYER
FROM UNITED STATES

Washington. July ls.-Despite all the
reports In the early part OF the wear
from Russia OF boycotts for American
products. particularly agricultural ma
chlnery, on account OF the abrogation
by the United States of the treaty Of
trade and commerce with that country
the Bureau OF Foreign and Domestic
Commerce comes out with figures
showing the exports OF agricultural
machinery TO Russia during the fiscal
year 1913 10 be larger than for any
previous year.
Even though the United States fig
ures show that fully $4,000 900 worth
OF agricultural machinery hal gone to
Russia. the figures produc sd by the
latter country show an importation Of
American agricultural machinery
amounting TO approximately $4,000,
600. This is explained by the Bureau
OF Foreign and Domestic Commerce as
Doing due TO the fact that the Russian
hsufeS ,nclude American products pur-
chased in European countries
Not Only did the exports OF agricul
tural machinery 10 Russia show an in
GREASE, but that country was the larg-
est purchaser from the United States.
Canada came second with 100000:
Argentina. $6.500.00O; Germany. $1,000
600: France. s3.500.000: United King
dom, Sl,0J0.G0l. and Australia ana New
Zealand. si.000,00O
The growth in exports of America n
agricultural machinery TO Russia. says
a publication OF the Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce. is more rapid.
proportionately. than that TO other
parts OF the world. Our total exports
OF agricultural implements In 1903 we're
s2i'Vco.ooo. and in 1913 Approximately
$i2.0oO.oo0. Our exports of agricul-
tural implements 10 Ruscsia in 1903
We're S3,500,000. and in 1913 approxi-
mateiy $4,000. 900, having practically
trebed in that period.
Mowers and reapers from about one
half or the total value of our asri-
cultural implements exported.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
TO KEEP TAB on ALDERMEN.
CIubwomrn To Pack Chicago Council
ChnmberS MOmhny Evening.

ChlCagO July Ie--ChlcaEO club-
women plan TO pack the Council cham
bers Monday night. armed with pad
and pencil, TO keep tan OF the activities
OF the y Aldermen regarding certain nlO-
nicipal problems 10 be considered. They
expect to make an impressive demon
stration II the Council fails to take
action on the garbage question, the
city's contract with II private corpora
ton for the disposal of refuse expiring
within five weeks.
Arrangements for the attendance at
the Council meeting were completed
yesterday at the monthly gathering Of
the members OF tho Woman's City
Club. Several hundred women were
present. and enthusiastically Endorsed
the proposal.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
HUNGER STRIKE is nRokEN.
COlored Prisoner Succumhs to Fried
Chicken and Watermelon.

Elizabeth. y j.. July lS,--The man
ncr in which Warden Charles w. Dodd,
OF the county jail. broke UP hung
ample, he thinks. to the keepers Of Eng
lish prisons who become custodians Of
sufrragcttes william Turner. colored,
prisoner incarcerated last Sunday
sought to gain his liberty by refusing
To eat.
Yesterday tho negro had been forty
eight hours without food. when Warden
Dodd appeared NJ the door of his cell
with steaming plate OF fried chicken
and large section of juicy water
melon One sniff and Turner's hunger
strike came to an abrupt end.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
HEROIC EFFORTS SAVE CREW.
Swedish Submarine Sinks, hut Is Raised
by DctncIIinE Lend Keel.

Stockholm. Sweden. July lS-A ter
rifying accident TO a Swedish sub
marine, which sank with her crew like
stone in 200 feet of water July ,,
has just become known. despite OFF
cial efforts TO keep the affair secret
The submarine was practicing out
side the harbor when by a mistake all
OF her tanks were filled simultaneously.
and she sank TO the bottom. The pres
sure was enormous and the water be-
gan TO dent the hull.
Desperate measures were necessary
and Lieutenant Beckman, in charge of
the boat, ordered the lead keel de-
tached. When this was removed the
boat rose to the surface, and the gasp-
ing crew drew in great draughts of
air.
II is stated here that never before
has submarine risen to the surface
after sinking such a depth.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
.TOHNSTC
FUNERAL. NOTICES

funeral services Of
JOHN REBMAN will be held from his
late residence, 2301 Grove Avenue
THIS Saturday AFTERNOON at 5
o'clock. Interment Hollywood.
funeral of GEORGE w
BAKER will take place from tho
home, Gig 1-2 Stat, street. THIS
SATURDAY at 3 T. Nj, Interment in
lakewood
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
ML&:z.!k!yNgwMy
FIVE JoY-niDEns INJURED.
T"" Women IN Part, Seriously Hurt I

Columbus. Ohio. july ls-Five per
s 's' Two women and three men. were
seIi"usiy injured. one probably fatally
early to-day. when the automohil" IN
winch they were returning TO Columbus
tuined over at Worthington a suburb
ne party had left the city last night
Tho two Injured young women are
MISSES Esther Bcshur and Geneva King.
o. toiumhus. The men are Claude
Southnrd Bellefontainc, OHIO. back said
70 DE broken. probably fatally Injured:
EoE hIssingcr and Roster Medbery
rioES -
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
FEW CHANGES MADE
DE mOcrats Complete Consideration OF
kmnk EA mmincrA, sccIlnn.

Washington, July ls.-A BRIEF session
and Currency Committee to-day con.
cluded consideration of that section OF
The administration currency bill rclat-
changes were made. The committee
members discussed The question OF al
lowing banks To loan on real estate Sc
but took no action
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
Funeral OF Mr. Rebmnn.

The funera! OF John Rebman. who
died al his home. -3pl Grove Avenue
on Thurs LAY ia his hftv-third Year.
WI he conducted from the residence
TINS afternoon n o'clock with inter
ment Ill hollywood. Mr. Rehman was
q prominent live stock broker. and
Mas well known and highly esteemed.
lie Is survived by his vie and -FOUR
Lens, lrmH ana Virginia Rebman; bv
his brother Emanuel Rebman. and two
r f. Schalley. OF Danvllle
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19

hatIdnVpta, Icnn., July l8-Sec-
retnrS OF War Garrison and partv on
an Inspection tour ~ army posts. ar
riNed H. Chattanooga from Atlanta to-
DAY The party WAS escorted 10 Fort
I 'g lcthorp" In automobiles and spent
mos, OF today looking over the gov
ernnent grounds and equipment there.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
II. Campbell Dance.

II. Camphell Dance was hurled We'd
Wilson, y. G. He was brother Of
Freeman Dance and Lee Dance Of
Richmond, and OF Peabody 5. Dance. OF
Powhatan County, all OF whom survive
him. Mr. Dance was forty years old
and had lived in Wilson for fifteen
years. being in the tobacco business
He was son Of the late DIR. L. =
DnMce. OF PoWhatan COUNTY.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
Shoot Each other 10 Deotb

Lakeland, Fla. July lS-.In pSto,
uuel at the village OF Montbrook to-day ",
+ - Howard, OF Lakeland, and T.. W
to death They quarre!cd. il was a.
legged over Kings daughter Howard.
II is said vas the girls suitor. His
attentions We're objectionable TO Kinp,
,n,u a., mon opened fire simultaneously.
noth Wef" allied instantly Howard
was from MaHwcli. y. {. He was an
H'lantic Coast Line hagman.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19
CUTS THROAT TO END AGONY.
Engineer WINS Pinned Beneath nm Over
turned IornmOfIy<

Decatur, Ala, July lS.-Pinned be-
meath an overturned locomotive Hus-
ton Fleming, AN engineer. put an end
to his torture by cutting his own throat
late last might when spectators OF his
plight refused his request to kill him.
Fleming, with Floyd Hamlin. an air
Inspector. was testing a new locomo-
tive in the Louisville and Nashville
yards when ii was hurled from the
tracks by switch engine and over
turned. Hamlin died to-day
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-07-19

Muskegon, Mich, July ls.-Ausel A.
Morrison, treasurer of the General
Foundry Company and Alexander
Backman. molder. We're elcctrocuted
yesterday afternoon while directing tho
course OF ladle of molten metal car
ried by an electric crane IL is thought
II high tension wire became crossed
with the wire which supplied power
for the crane and defective insulation
sent the current into the ladle