davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08
Now is The Time to Take
Steps For The Prevention
of Sweet Potato Diseases

Washington, ID. C.-The Depart
ment of Agriculture calls the at
tention of all sweet potato grow
ers to the fact that now, while the
harvesting of sweet potatoes Is in
progress is the time to select dis
ease-free seed for next years
crop, in order to prevent losses
due to diseases.
The plant Psychologists of the de-
partment estimate that the yield
of sweet potatoes is reduced APP
proximately $1o,000,000 annually by
] the ravages of several diseases,
notably the black-rot, .stem-rot,
and foot-rot. all of which may be
prevented by the use of proper
precautionary measures. In spite
of this large loss of money, the
crop of 1913 will probably amount
to nearly $4,000, 900 bushels with a
value of $40,O0O,00O. Two of these
diseases, the black-rot and stem
rot, are well known to most farm
ers who grow sweet potatoes.
Blaek-rot is nearly as widely
distributed as the crop itself. 1t
affects the plant from a little a
bove the soil line down into the
a
appearance of the affected Tart of
the stem. In the winter il is COM
mon in many storage houses ana is
readily recognized by the black,
circular, somewhat sunken spots,
which render the potatoes unsal-
able.
Stem-rot, although not quite SO
widely distributed is equally as
i. 70 IL h.
organism which enters the vines,
stems, and roots of the plant and
fills the Water-carrying vessels. 1t
enters the potato at the. stem end,
where it appears as a blackened
ring just beneath the skin. In
fields where this disease occurs,
plants can be seen throug bout
the summer whiting, turning yell
low and gradually dying,
Foot-rot, another disease, less
widely distributed but bad in the
localities where found, kills macy
plants in the fields b. destroying
the bark on the stem a few inch
es above the hill.
These diseases are found both in
the hotbed and in the field and
may be carried through the winter
soil. Injection may therefore re-
suit from the use of diseased po-
tatoes for seed or from the use of
infected soil in the hotbed or
field where the slipps are grown
and transplanted. With these
facts in mind it is clear that a
clean crop could be grown if dis
ease-free seed is used and bedded
in disease-free soil and the slips
coming therefrom pla nted on
ground where the disease is not
present. These three require
ments can be fulfilled by selec-
ton of seed, by disinfection of soil
in the hotbed, and by crop rota-
ton.
Seed potatoes for the new crop
should be selected preferably in
the fall at digging time and care
fully examined again in the spring
when starting the hot bed and all
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

where sweet potatoes are grown.
II frequently happens that farm
ers are careless about the DISPOSE
ton of decayed sweet potatoes
and feed them to hogs or chickens
or, more often, throw them on the
manure pile. From there they are
carried to the hotbed and infec-
ton of the young plants becomes
easy. 1t is urged that all refuse
sweet potatoes be cooked or
burned and not thrown where they
will be scattered in the manure
and hauled on the farm or used
in the hotbedl
1t is not known how long these
diseases will remain in the soil
without the sweet potato as a
host. 1t is advisable, however, to
follow a system of crop rotation
that will not bring this crop on
the same ground oftener than once
in three or four years. II is GER
tain that the crop will not be free
from disease so long as the organ
isms are present in the fields. The
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08
Sandwiches That Are Not Edible
By JAMES W, hELME, State Dairy and Food commr

With the approach of winter the
dairy cows will soon be stabbed
and in a short time our Dairy
inspectors will be entering barns
all over Michigan and there they
will find a peculiar kind of sand
wich. Sandwiches, as the reader
knows, generally consist of a piece
of meat with two outside COY ers.
The sandwiches that our Dairy
Inspectors will find in the Dairy
barns might be called fertilizer
sandwiches" They consist of the
COW in the middle and great big
slab of fertilizer on each side OF
her. Now the head of this depart
ment believes in conservation and
the place for fertilizer is upon the
fields of the farm and not upon the
sides of the COW. Not only does
the COW endure a great uiscom-
fort by being placed in fertilizer
sandwich but when the mixer
sets down to milk, OF necessity
more or less of this covering will
fall into the milkpail and eventual
ly part of it will be transferred
to the city's mans stomach. Now
we hold no brief for the city mans
stomach although the ur-
ban population in Mich
igan now comprises about so
per cent of the population. In
other words during the coming
winter over one million dwellers
in towns and villages will all be
carrying around in their stomachs
more or less fertilizer which is
obtained from the fertilizer sand
wich in the dairy stables. This fer
tilizer is aplant food and not an
animal food and when we think
of the vast amount that will be
carried around in the city mans
stomach eventually to be wasted,
we want to warn the dairymen of
the state that here is a tremen-
dous waste. The place for fertil-
izer is not in the city mans stom-
ach where it is liable to impair his
digestion more or less, but it's
true place is on the farms of the
state to grow additional crops Of
corn and clover. This enormous
waste can be avoided If the dairy
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

men will only place in his barn the
proper kind OF stall whereby the
COW will keep clean and a vast
amount of fertilizer saved to en-
rich the land of the state.
There are several different kinds
of sanitary stalls on the market
but unfortunately they are quite
expensive to install. 10 the dairy
men VINO cannot afford from SIX
to ten dollars per stall for each
COW in his herd, this department
offers the plan of a stall that is
equally as effective in keeping
COWS clean and can be made by
any farmer. Inis stall, which has
been called the model STALL has
been in use by dairymen through
out the United States for ten or
fifteen years. Some of the most
prominent dairymen in the country
including such men as Ex-Gover-
nor Hoard, the Editor Of Hoard's
Dairyman, Ex-Governor War
mar, Ex-Food Commissioner
Lille and numerous others
have had these stalls in
practical use for a great many
years. The writer of this bulletin
mas had them in his barn for fiji
teen years and is still satisfied
with them. With the proper use of
these stalls it is absolutely impos-
sible for any COW to convert her-
self into fertilizer sandwich. The
stall is not patented. Any farm
er can build the same and il is
cheaper to build and install than
any other form of COW stalls.
Moreover il Is very humane be-
cause it gives the COW absolutely
freedom and no stanchions are
used. A full description of how
to build this stall with photo
graphs of the same and complete
working dimensions will be mailed
to any person who will send
their name and address to this de-
partment. To all who cannot al
ford to put in a high priced sani-
tary iron pipe stanchion, we know
from personal experience that this
stall will be equally effective in
keeping cows clean and large "a
mount of fertilizer saved to the
farm that installs them.
Under the laws of Michigan milk
and cream produced from cows
covered with filth are not salable
and ii is hoped that every dairy
man in the state who has not al
ready installed sanitary COW
stall in his barn, will take advant-
age of this opportunity to see
that his cows are kept clean and
comfortable during the coming
winter. Drop a postal card to the
State Dairy & Food Department at
Lansing requesting a description
of this stall, and full working di-
rections for making the same will
be forwarded.
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

In some localities where these dis
eases are very prev alent IL is al
most impossible to find soil that
is not infected. Fields which had
not been grown to sweet potatoes
for nearly 40 years have given an
infected crop when clean slips were
used. Where such a general in
lection has occurred, the soil is
light and it is probable that the
organisms were disturbed by the
wind. In view of these facts it is
advisable TO disinfect all hotbed
soil. This can be done by treating
it with a solution of formalde-
hyde, 1 pint of formaldehyde (40
per cent? to "a gallons of water.
This chemical is cheap and can be
purchased at almost any drug
store. When the soil is to be thus
treated it should be placed in a
tight box or other receptacle and
enough of the solution added to
soak it thoroughly. The applica-
ton should be made at least two
weeks before the soil is to be used,
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08
Value of Farm Manure

The stock farmer is the only one
who can keep his land in proper
shape. How many of these really
appreciate the true value of barn
yard manure?
In spite OF the great value of
the manure as it is handled on the
average farm, the fact remains
that not over one-half of it's true
value is derived from it. Some
years ago the New York Expert
ment Station inquired into the
subject of the loss of fertilizing
value of manure when exposed in
the barnyard. AS is well known,
horse manure deteriorates in value
more rapidly than does COW man.
ure. This is because the air has a
duce fermentation. The nitrogen
into ammonia, which escapes into
phoric acid and potash is also lost
through teaching.
According to these experiments
it was found that where two tons
of horse manure had been exposed
six months, forty-two per cent of
the organic matter was lost, where
as in another experiment there
was an organic and mineral loss of
sixty-two per cent. Again, 1000
pounds of horse manure, composed
of 1919 pounds of excrement and
6s1 pounds of straw, decreased in
weight from April "a to Septem-
Der 20, period of six months. to
i,73O pounds, showing a tremen-
Gus waste. In another experiment
with COW manure the loss amount
to one-half the value Of the man
ure.
1t can be readily seen, therefore,
that there is an enormous waste of
real value in handling the man.
ure as it is handled on many farms.
II should be spread upon the land
Just as soon as il is possible to
do this. On many farms the man
ure is hauled away from the barn
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

in order to allow the formaldehyde
to evaporate. An occational stir
ring of the soil will assist in the es-
cape of the gas. Disinfected soil
should be carefully protected to
prevent infection before it is
used. All instruments used in
handling sterilized soil, such as
the wagon box, shovel, etc., should
be disinfected.
1t is believed by some farmers
that better and stronger plants
can be secured by using manure as
source of heat in the hotbed.
Others insist that equally good, if
not better, plants can be grown in
fire bed. From the standpoint
of disease there is far greater dan
ger in the use of manure, especial
ly if it is produced on farms
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

minutes. They should then De
rinsed in water and thoroughly
dried. 1t is preferable to disin-
feet in the fall on a warm, clear
day.
With clean seed potatoes it is
essential that the hotbed be free
from parasitic organisms. Great
care should therefore be exercis-
ed in its preparation. Before the
soil is put into the bed, the ce-
ment, boards, or whatever is used
in the construction should be thor
oughly sprayed with solution of
pounds of copper sulphate to so
gallons of water and then with
Bordeaux mixture or whitewash.
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

discarded that show any symptoms
of disease. Before any seed po-
tatoes are selected from hill,
the stem just above the potatoes
should be split open to see that
il is not blackened inside. No po-
tato should be taken for seed
from hill which has the stem
blackened inside. The seed pota-
toes should be stored in crates or
baskets and kept separate from
the general stock. Seed potatoes
should be disinfected with a cor
rosive sublimate solution, / part
of corrosive sublimate to 1000
parts of water, for about to 20
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

EMMETT COUNTY
n a IieI bTutus
OOGRBIc COUNTY
Northern Land Agency ...............Ir onwood
IONA COUNTY
r.. y. Slye Ionia
KENT COUNTY
The crow Agency, ........'.......G Grand Rapids
Geo. W Is race & Co............... Grand Rapids
HANISTER COUNTY
y. u. Merritt Manistee
nUSKEdON COUNTY
" W. Barcus .............-...........M uskegon
OCEANA COUNTY
!. ID. 5 Hanson * Son. .....................Ha Hart
ALLE1AN COUNTY
Pears Real Estate Co................. Saugatuck
OTTAWA COUNTY
+. C.. Jorgensen ............ ....... Grand Haven
Weersing's Real Estate Agency ....... Holland
MONTCALM
Kttchum * Morse. Edmore
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

only way to get them out of the
field is TO starve them out by
planting crops on which they can
not live. Experiments, however,
have shown that the percentage
of diseased plants is much reduc-
ed by planting healthy slips, al
though the soil may be infected.
This fact alone justifies all the
precautions necessary to grow
healthy slips, even though the soil
on which they are planted is dis
eased.
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08
CONDUCTED BY
E. K. SLATER
z3%-242 Lyon Street
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

yard for the purpose mainly of
getting rid of it, and it is hauled
away only when it is become so
serious a nuisance that the haul
ing must be done. The real value
of the product is not appreciated.
The right way is to have a man
ure spreader and keep the manure
hauled away all the time except
when growing crops.
Charlevoix county herald. (East Jordan, Mich.) 189?-1953, 1913-11-08

Eleven hundred and thirty-five
women employees of the United
States Government in the bureau
of printing and engraving will be
given an additional % cents d day
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-04-16
ON CAMP SITE
AROUSES WIRE PULLERS''


be interested in the maneuvers. The
substitute was rejected.
Rep. Tufts, OF Mason then led an
equally vain fight to shift the selec-
ton TO the l.ndington location Dep.
warner, or lIeelanau. presented a
compromise bill TO put the decision
on and arrange to let the militia camp
on the Grayling site this year and
others In turn and leave the choice TO
vote Of It's members.
A referendum clause TO the Morford
bill. which was under discussion was
advocated by Rep Clark. of Ottawa,
but II was promptly turned down az
all the other obstructive proposals
had been In order.
The fight took place in committee
OF the whole. and after IL q roll call
vote OF SO to Is placed the bill on
third reading where ii came up for
passage later in the afternoon. Rep.
Tufts gave notice that he will make
motion TO reconsider the action by
which IL was adopted
Major Earl r. Stewart, OF Grand
Rapids, a member OF the military
board Is in the capitol urging the ac.
ceptance OF the Hansen offer. 1T
would give us an almost ideal loca-
tion,' he told the Times. And one
suited to the needs OF the department.
The chief end OF present day maneu-
vers Is to give the men field practice
such as they would have TO undergo
In actual service
AN important feature OMIT IL field
firing at concealed tasgets. on a hill,
side, perhaps, or somewhere else in a
position an enemy would be likely TO
occupy. The troops must discover tho
targets and fire upon them from un-
known distances. instead OF following
the old way of practicing on fixed
ranges.
"On neither one q the other sites
could we do this for fear IL injuring
persons or stock on adjacent titled
lands. while at Crawling there would
BE- no such danger.
In Ludington where We have camp
"a. we are shut on on three sides by
Lake Michigan. sand dunes, swamp
and an unfordable stream. From the
rite we advocate near Grayling. we
could 20 20 all points OF the compass.
~ best. the Ludington offer il Of 37l
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-04-16

STRONGLY FOR
SUFFRACISTS
Resort to Movies to Aid IN
Campaign of Edu-
cation
ALL CANDIDATES. TO BE
PLEDGED TO MEASURE
National Service Is Split Into
Five Bureaus Through
out Country

NEW YORK. April 1.-THE moving
picture machine as the first aid To
equal suffragists, and the battlers for
social and industrial justice. was pro-
posed today in the first quarterly re-
port OF the National Progressive SER
vice. the militant crusading organiza-
ton OF the National Progressive par
~. The report was read at the meet
ing OF the national committee OF the
Progressive party here today.
Films are to be secured through tho
established moving picture agencies
and used 10 illustrate the need for
mothers compensation laws. human
and material conservation and popu.
lar government.
That the Progressive party must
not be Judged on the basis OF the re
cent election returns is asserted In
the report. The Progressive National
service represents the future politi'
cal organization OF this country" II
dclares in asserting that higher ideals
in business and in politics are more
important to the American people
than the enactment OF new laws, ae-
clares the report.
1T Is an understanding of the I'M.
rest and needs of a people 10 which
the man entrenched in Office is often
so blind A defective or an inadequate
law in the hands of an honest. efflci-
ent. courageous independent admin
istrator is worth more TO the cause
OF justice than perfect law in the
hands OF boss-ruied administration.
the report declares.
The organization OF the Progressive
National service is divided into five
bureaus, administration, chairmen.
education and legislative reference.
sachusetts, Illinois and Connecticut
In New York. Maryland, Minnesota
and New Jersey Progressive service
organizations are being organized, and
in Indiana. Delaware. Arkansas, South
Dakota South Carolina. Virginia. Ken
lucky and Wisconsin. the organization
OF state service associations is under
Amusement.
The report emphasizes the princi-
Piles OF social and Industrial Justice.
conservation, popular government. cor.
poration control and equal Suffrage
that were made prominent in the last
Progressive national platform. Ii rec
ommends that in the future every Pro
gressive party candidate be pledged
to support measures looking towards
equal suffrage.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-04-16
COUNCIL KILLS JUNkET
TOLOOK OVER HOSPITALS
Continued from page one).

mittee on ways and means TO which
the resolution was referred under the
rules. If his committee would be Will
Ing To report out the resolution I'M
mediately. Aid. Vernon said there
was no hurry about the matter as De-
troit would not be in position to
build municipal hospital until the
charter was revised and that further
more. the city officials could get all
the information and data they wanted
on HOSPITALS right In Detroit.
Commissioner Crouls traffic ordin-
ance. providing for the further regula-
ton and parking OF automobiles In the
down town district. was placed on us
frst and second readings and refer
red 10 the committee on ordinances.
In compliance with a suggestion
made BY Health Offlcer Keller and in
dorsed by a number OF leading bakers,
Aid. Barnett put through resolution
that the Board OF Health submit
supplemental estimate OF s2,400 70 pay
the salaries of two sanitary inspectors
for bakeries.
Aid. owens proposed ordinance.
placing the First ward in the restrict
ed district. was not reported out and
the alderman did not make the attack
on the liquor committee he threaten
ed. Before the meeting Chairman
Harry Dingeman and the alderman
held long conference with the re-
suit that the ordinance will be held
ND with owens consent until the
liouor committee completes Its work
on the licenses.
Aid. Move. member OF the liquor
committee, made an unavailing pro-
test against the transfer OF Andrew
Hartman's saloon license from No.
81 Woodward-aye. to Nos. 70+706
Gratiot-ave. Aid. Dingeman insisted
that the opposition TO the new loca-
tion was induced by IL saloonkeep-
ers in that immediate neighborhood
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-04-16
TWO SUSPECTS TAKEN
IN DIETZ MYSTERY
(Contisued from page one).

q private detective, who was employ
ed by Dietz a year ago, 10 trace the
author OF several anonymous letters
threatening the tailOr's life. On in
formation he obtained during the pre-
vious investigation, HATS last night
placed under arrest a Swede about
50 years Of age, whose name was not
made public.
The prisoner was taken 70 the
Shakespeare-ave. station where he
was questioned until 2:30 this morn
ing by Assistant Chief OF Police
Schuettler and Coroner Hoffman.
Hafs told newspaper men that the
Swede had confessed and that die
tagraph. placed in the room where he
was questioned, was used TO witness
the confession.
Neither Schuettler nor Coroner
HOFFMAN would confirm the report OF
the confession. They took from the
Swedes pockets, several cards, said
TO be Dietz's business cards, and sub
jected a number OF papers found In
the prisoners pockets 10 close
scrutiny.
At the conclusion OF the examina
ton. Schuettler. Hoffman and the
prisoner were placed in an automo-
bile, and whlsked away
From HATS and from persons living
near the Dietz apartments, the police
learned today that Dietz had been
marked man for nearly year. He
frequently received anonymous let
ters threatening his life. Strange
men hung about his house and follow.
ed him from his tailoring establish
ment ON the evening OF April 10.
while party of friends were playing
cards a, the Dietz home, face ap-
peared az the rear window. and then
vanished. Dietz was plainly nervous
and drew the curtains.