The Red Cloud chief., 1913-08-21

Colon, c. Z.--"The engineers dream
Of the centuries has been realized"
Everyone who writes of the Panama
canal feels bound to use that phrase.
and though 1t is trite, it is no less
true.
Possibly when Balboa first stood on
the Peak Of Darien" and gazed en-.
tranced at the waters of what he called
the Southern sea the thought OF cut.
ting through the isthmus came to him.
Certainly, within three years after his
great discovery or in 1916. he had
transported two ships. in pieces. across
from the Atlantic to the Pacific and
there put them together.
1t could not have been very much
later that the idea Of an isthmian
canal was born, for during the reign
Of Philip IL. OF Spain G556.l59S) the
Inquisition declared that any such pro-
ject to alter the face Of the earth was
impious, and the Spanish ruler forbade
It's further discussion. The ban OF the
church was effective for some time,
but in 1899 a scotchman Of the name
OF Patterson revived the scheme. es.
tablished a colony on the shores of
the isthmus and even made crude
survey of the proposed route. Gale
donian bay, on the north shore OF Pan.
ANA, alone preserves the memory of
that attempt. French scientists In
1875 advocated a Nicaragua canal, fifty
years later the Spanish government or.
dered a survey of the Darien route,
and early in the nineteeth century Won
Humboldt declared q canal was prac-
ticable. In 1925, Immediately after
Latin America had freed itself from
Spain, the Central American and
United States Atlantic and Pacific Ca.
nal company was organized. and one
Of the directors Of the concern with
the high.sounding name was Dewitt
Clinton. Various schemes were start
ed and fell through, and In 1885 the
United States senate voted for the
building of Nicaragua canal. An ex.
pedition was sent to that country and
reported that the canal could be con.
structed at cost Of $25.00O.0OO.
After the Cival war there was much
negotiating by our government for a
canal concession, but when the Mica
ragua route seemed to be the favorite
the Bogota government became impa-
tient and gave the concession for a
Panama canal to Lucien Napoleon
Bonaparte Wyse, French lieutenant.
He made some maps and organized
company which sold out to the finan.
ciers with whom Ferdinand de Lesseps
had associated himself.
Albert Edwards in his admirable
book on Panama thus describes the
beginning of the tragedy of de Les
seps and his company:
"The digging of the Suez canal was
the accomplishment Of his life. All
his vigor and energy had gone into 1t.
He came back to Paris literally carried
on the shoulders Of his nation. The
government made him 'comte' and
the people called him lie grand Fran
cais.' But he fell among thieves. The
old man tumbled blindly into the trap
Of spectators, who foresaw rich har'
vest in the drawing together OF his
great name and the shady concession
of Lieutenant Wyse. They set the
stage by summoning the scientists OF
the world to a great congress to dis
cuss an Atlantic-Paciflc canal. Al
though 1t was called scientific con-
gress, most of its 1876 members were
spectators and politicians. Only forty
two were engineers or geographers
They elected Count de Lesseps, rail
roaded through\a resolution that the
Panama route was the only practicable
one, and formed the Universal Inter
oceanic Canal company by buying the
Wyse concession for 100000 francs
before the bona fide members of the
congress knew what had happened and
In the face of much protest. There
can be little doubt that the congress
was packed like ward caucus, but
there is no evidence that de Lesseps
realized that 1t was.
"The company was launched with
many banquets. forid speeches by Il
grand Francais. and champagne with
out end. And all the time those who
were on the inside were playing the
market from both ends, sending the
stocks tumbling down the steps Of the
bourse on manufactured report tha
the United States was again wavinf
the Monroe Doctrine. shooting then
up agsin with misQuotation from thu
presidents message to the effect tina
we we're enthusiastic In favor OF thu
French enterprise. A sorrier exhibi
ton of conscienceless finance has sci
dorn been SEEN"
Old de Lesseps. however. was II
earnest. He sent over engineers wht
discovered that Wyse's maps were in
accurate and that yellow fever wa
deadly. Then in December, 1879. th'
count himself. with his wife and three
children, arrived from France. Afte
receptions and speech-making In Color
I l.