The chronicle=news., 1913-01-25

cold bands across the banks. where
the gulf stream flows $50 feet wide
aud 200 feet deep. tut. lust here
comes sltonling, partly bridging the
gulf stream TO the north: some part
Ut tho Labrador Artic current uu-
|dcrrunning the gulf strcam-rlslng
with 1t. go!ng under II. uprising.
producing cross currents and rcvolv.
ing cddlcs.
The rcsui,ant OF this union IL an
irregular. undoycloped gulf stream.
an aimlcss wanderer. dissipatIng It.
self. disintcgrailng aud dividing In.
to four fine. little branches, one run
ming between Iceland and Greenland
one to the northward of tho british
Isles. carominG on spitzcnbcrg: one
outing Into the English coast. and
the last losing Itself through tue
English channel into the North sea.
whereas the gulf stream should be
,n the banks one soiidified. graceful
gracious. plump aud genial river.
comforting blessings. melting all the
tccberGs brushing away the cobwcbs
II haze and leaving the banks azure
blue. free and warm an steam heat
| ID fiat.
AZ the rate Of II mile al hour, this
old bio0dcd Labrador current. with
its frosty breath. commInGics with
tho beautiful rliim stream for a5
miles. cooling Il. with 3O.OOO.OOO. 900
'ubic yards OF cold water and caus.
ny fOgs. This Is more than .OOO.-
100 tons OF cold water with tenn
>cralurc OF from 81 degrees To 50
degrees whereas the gulf stream.
which flows between the Florida
Capcs and Bcmcni in u bulk O.0OO.-
100000 cubic yards an hour. equal
. "a volume OF molten iron bigger
han the Mississippi itself. Is chill
| ID and robbed Of Its usefulness. The
bancful Labrador current cuts the
formal temperature OF 10 degrees Of
the gulf stream Ia this region Of
freezing. and exercises its pcrnlci0us
Influence to the very issuing force Of
the mother OF ocean currents herself.
Mechanical Engineer Itikcr IL the
'iiscovcrcr OF the power known to
'cI1ntists ns equatorial force. II Is
equatorial force that causes the cur.
rents OF the oceans. these mighty ar
,crics and veins In the oceanic cir
culations OF the universe. The source
VI the Eilf stream II the north and
the south equatorial currents. the
two starting branches Of the gulf
stream near the equator.
In looking Tor tho cause OF In.
tcrsccting ocean curcuts." said tho
nan who has done things I'VE find
that terrestrial gravity-thc force
:hat draRs objects from the poles
toward the eauator-and terrestrial
Centrifugal motion--thc force that
ends to throw objects from the
luator and then send them off the
.arth's surface on u tanIcn'--havc
Ia greater tendency to move heavier
natter toward til. equator than
| lighter matter.
This In the force that I have new.
l y lelincatcd AZ equatorial force. the
flow from the poles to the equator Of
the lighter natter and the dispo-
'ition OF the heavier matter to float
| 'owRrd the poles. The position OF
this jc,ty Ia Just ut tho 40 degree
l poInt In the 80 degree quarter scc-
l lion from the equator TO the North
pole.
Now there is resultant moiion
| growing out Of tho contact, the
| ,trugglc. between IL, terrestrial
| gravity tendency aud the terrestrial
centrifugal tendency and this result :
IN, will send heavier objects with
| greater speed toward the poles thar
II will send lighter objects.
such is the origin Of ocean cur
rents.
Equatorial force has the same cf-
feet upon tho atmosphere. When
Il told the weather bureau Of IL. they
said. Now we know why It IL that
i heavier masses OF the air have Il ten
dcncy TO move frouI the equator to-
/ ward the poles and then return
What has Mr.. Itikcr done hercto-
fore? lie says hc built the first re-
frigcrating warehouse In America.
situated in Dey street. New York:
fitted OUT the first rcfrigerating
ship in the world. the Celtic. In 1874
converted the steamer State Of Ala
bama into n channel dredgc for New
York barbor; planned the scheme of
draining the Potomac Flats at wash
inGton. which WAS executed at less
than half the original estimates.
and designed and constructed at his
own expense machine for lifting
vast weights at the Gatun dam. On
the Potomac Flats work General Pet
or c. Hams. corps of engineers. U.
$. A.. late a member of the Pana-
ma canal commission. had charge Of
Il drcdge for Engineer Rikcr. but
the eminent army engineer was at
that time only Lieutenant Hains.
The Scientific American has no
opinions as 10 how to construct the
ietty to the Grand banks of New
fo,Inllluu but assuming that such