Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-01-26
TURKEY ACCEPTS, THEN REVOLTS

only a case in which the ottoman arms
were victorious. In 1884,. when Turkey
defeated Greece. on which occasion Eu-
rope would not permit change in tho
status quo
There we've some Turks who did
not share all the Ottoman confidence to
do up the Balkan allies. kiamil Pasla
should bc cited an example. kiamiI
PaSha must have had some direct in
formation As To the total ,mtncss Of the
Turkish army. which had been mined AMI
ruined 10y politics introduced into ID by
the party OF union and progress. With
this knowledge kiami Pasha. in order
TO help the cause of Turkey much
possible. attempted To withdraw from
the Balkan coalition the Greeks, whom u"
knew Ia Ice a part.
NJ. rNpario MAS Greek minister 1t
Constantinoplc and resigned at the SAM
time his colleagues Of Bulgaria. Servi,
and Montenegro. The passports OF q q
latter Were promptly given them. bHt
that OF NJ Grspario WAS withheld as lonG
as possible and until he Insisted upon Its
delivery. II was kiamil Pasha who at
tempted to retain the Greek minister
There is evidence. too, that Turkey was
assured that Roumania would east I'm he-
lot against the allies Until now for a
fact Roumania' = attitude has been Doubt
ful. and il was not until the 2ist instant
that We We're informed that the converse
tons between koumania and RulgailA
had eliminated in "A definite arrangement
whereby bulgaria had consented to ccd.
TO Roumania portion Of coast territory.
The scene in the grand council chamber
at Constantinople the I'D instant was
tremely dramatic,
ImpOtency though pitiable. Nazim
er Pasha. minister OF war.
VI MY. confessed that the army
could not relieve Adrianople; the tinanc"
minister had no funds: the foreign al
fairs minister said that Russia had warn
I'd the government twice that a continu-
ance of hostilities might obligo Russia
to depart from her attitude OF neutral
ity. And the minister concluded: There
is nothing To be hoped from European
complications which was
cynical and naive. but instructive.
The annexation of OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
in 1899 by Austria Hungary marks is-
delibly the period in which the Balkan
states lost all hope i'm the protecting
powers. which feared most of all a war In
Europe. The historian viii count the coSS
To Austria Hungary of this annexation.
which. first of all. necessitated the aban-
donment of the sandjak OF Novi-Bazar
and an indemnity of 81, 4@"o. In the ac-
count there must be placed many millions
for the mobilization of the army that fol-
lowed, down TO the present; also the boy
cotting of Austrian commerce down To
the AuStro-Turk entente. Into this ac-
count there should go likewise the tena
clous resentment of Russia. Austria :
former advocate i'm the Balkans. And the
historian may add to the account all tho
troubles in the Tripolitan and in the
Balkans the consequences of Austria's
great victory in March. 1909.
The history Of the last forty years does
not show that Russia. the protector OF the
Slavs. has always been prepared to pro-
tect them. In 1876. at the interview a.
Rechstadt, Alexander III abandoned the
Bosniavs and Herzegovinians to Francis
Joseph. In 1903. at MeurZtag, the cabinets
of Vienna and Petersburg divided their
influence I'm the Balkans--the west to AUS
tria. the east to Russia The Servians
feared that the attraction of vast Asiatic
enterprises would again attract the car.
and that he would abandon them To the
msrcies of Vienna. But the conflict I'm
19oS-1@I9 assured them against such "A
calamity. Since 1909 the ail-absorbing
question at Belgrade has been the Bal
kanic union. The same Michel Obreno-
witch i'm 1868 Bulgaria and Servia decided
that the aid of Greece was necessary to
the Balkan coalition.
NJ. NeniZelos who commenced his politi-
cal career in the Cretan Instructions. but
who had given proof OF a veritable spirit
for government. was made president OF
the council of ministers at Athens Con-
but accomplished much. The minister
restored government and order, and under
the direction OF the French military mis-
sion the army was completely organized,
and Greece was welded into a state with
which the Balkans could count and which
the minister could govern.
Singular to relate. from July. 1908. to
the end of 1911, all the projects OF Bal
kanic confederation which were publicly
discussed or written of in the press in
cluded the Ottoman empire. NJ Esvolskl,
for example recommended In speech
that 1.-The Balkan states should maintain
a perfect solidarity and an entente cor
dale with Turkey.
Lest the foregoing may appear impos-
Sible il must be recalled that IL was the
period of determination that followed the
revolution in Turkey and the deposition
of Abdul Hamid. Had the party OF union
and progress kept its head and heart
kept faith with its professionals could
have made liberal constitutional Turkey
the chief of the Balkan confederation.
After the dissolution Of the Ottoman
chamber in the commencement or 1911:
the deception was complete. and the idea
of incorporating Turkey in the confed-
Grafton was abandoned as illusory.
In March, 1912. the foundations of the Goa
lition were definitely defined between Bull
garia. Montenegro. Sci
Review of via and Greece The Ser
80. vo-Bulgarian treaty Was
tue CodiiIioh' signed in March. I'm
July NJ. Danef. president of the Bulgarian
sobranie. visited Lividia, where he was
received by the Emperor Nicholas and VI
Sazonof