davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16

is practically identical with people one meets the street every day, and this notwithstanding the great interval of time that must have elapsed and the vastly different conditions of life now pre- yalting Indeed, he found that the brain capac- fty esome 1,500 cubic ceNtimeters) even exceeds the presentday average. Tn this respect the skull is analogous to that of the ri1bury zfxssstI maus to which Professor Keith is inclined to assign an age of 30,000 years judg;8g rom the positions In which it was found, ben ~ l, 31 feet of strata He Is also of opinion that the Tilbury and his Railing neighbor members of the same race, averaging over five feet) in height, strongly built, with welformed skully and striking aE- sence of heavy ridges over Yhe eyes, race which Huxley described as the tiyer-bed" type, from its apparent haunts This type is known to have lived in paleolithc times. since skull was lately discovered in company with pleistocene fossils buried in a Derbyshire cave. The later portion of the paleolithic period is estimated to extend back from some 25,000 for at least 150,0O0 years
 This race of men was immeasurably superior in cranial development to the race represented by the Pltdown skull supposing this to be human and unquestionably hundreds of thousands Of years intervened between the two. In compar- ing the great brain capacity of the Halling man with that of the neothic skull discovered near Walton-on-the-Naze, which Is estimated to be at most not more than 4,000 years old we do not find the development expected, since the latter possessed a brain capacity of but 1,26O cubic centimeters, whereas the skull of the Galley Hill man. regarded as the oldest British example tex cepting the Piltdown) yet discovered has brain capacity of between 1850 and 1.400 cubic centt- meters Professor Keith, in his work on The Ancient Types of Man. notes that in an average modern of the Galley Hill skeletons stature, "one should expect brain of 1,45O to 1475 cubic centimeters (and) there many men in England today with smaller brains than the Galley Hill man" These remarks will apply with still moro force to the Railing Regarding such primi-
 tive types as the Neanderthal. Gibraltar and Pitt down skulls, their antiquity must be measured by many hundreds of thousands of years if we are to understand that process of evolution has developed such high paleolithic types directly from these progenitors.
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16

spersed with larger which suggest pieces of brick. Overlyng this stratum was layer or sand with layer of more recent brick earth above it, then red loam, and finally the vegetable top soil-altogether four strata, averaging about six feet in total thickness.
 The top of the stratum in which the remains found appears to have been the land surface of the age in which the lived This Is shown by the fortunate discovery, some 30 yards away of the chacred and backened remains of pre- historic fire hearths, fragments of burnt bones and wood, worked fints and many animal bones The worked fnts have been submitted to expert examination at the British museum, where the balance of opinion appears to be In favor of assigning them to the paleolithic period or at any rate, to the time of transition between that and the neolithc age, which would place their age at some 15,000 years Geological evidence however. dates them still further back. for the corresponding deposits the opposite side of the Medway have yielded fossils of peistocene times, when the hairy mammoth, arctic fox rein deer and woolly rhinoceros roamed the land. The inference therefore, Is that we have here paleo- lithic encampment. and that the skeleton was one of the party, who, judging from the position of the remains, inferred short distance below the then surface, while some religious sig nihcance Is suggested by the body being buried with the head to the east.
 How did the human remains come to lie in this stratum of brick earth? Dr. Edwards ob- served, from the position of the bones which remained fast in place, that the skeleton lay on it's back. that all parts of the skeleton rep resented. and that the whole did not occupy more than extent of three feet in length evidence that the body in the contracted" posture at death. complete skeleton, much weathered and fragmentary, and in a contracted posture could only be explained by supposing that 1t had been buried. The solution of the problem became apparent later At some dis tance from the site of the skeleton there were found extensive remains of ancient fire hearths These lay immediately the stratum con taining the skeleton, and under the overlying or fourth stratum. This level represented an old land surface, and the skeleton was probably one of the men who sat round the hearths on that old land surface That Is the explanation MT Cook suggested at recent meeting of the Royal Anthropological institute, when he gave an ac- count of his discoveries. MT. A. s. Kennard who is highest authority on the age of val ley deposits regards the strata over the Railing late peistocene in date. Mir Cook de- scribed the flint implements found on the old land surface, but they belong to type which was used by paleolithc we'll neolithic men,
 The remains of the skeleton 1zere forwarded to Professor Keith of the Royal College of Surgeons for expert examination. and as he explained to the writer, a close scrutiny revealed the surpris ing fact that have here a type of man who in every particular-brain capacity, conformation of skull. long oval face, pointed projecting chin stature Give feet four inches) and general build
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16
oR S1EZE7QY NzzEW FOND

of the remains, the un- disturbed condition of the ground precluding the idea of burial at a date later than that in which they were deposited.
 The remains lay in a stratum of what is geolog- tcally known as brick earth, though it will be readily inferred that bricks have nothing to do with it. It is but the rain wash of centuries, the fine particle s being inter-
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16
REAL TROUBLE.

First Excited Railroad Official-Heard ths news?
 Second Same Thing-Oh. not so bad. Only five kflled-two of 'em brakemen
 First-But, my heavens didn't you know that along with that vaudeville baggage we were carrying Jungleo. the s2O0,OOO trained baboony The wreck drove him crazy and the owners getting ready to sue the road for his full value Puck
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16
LET THE PUNISHMENT FIT THE CRIME.

T see Texas man has been fined a thousand dollars and sentenced to two years in the peni- tentary for whipping an orphan"
 And served him right. Now I hope the law will get after these people who feed their chil- dren parsnips and grapefruit"
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16
JUST TO TRY THEM OUT.

You require a serious surgical operation" T am not surprised
 "Ah you knew then by the way you felt thar there something serious the matter with you?'
 No; l expected would require an operation when l learned that you had purchased a new set of surgical instruments"
Judsonia weekly advance., 1913-07-16

HE village of Railing, sit ed on the banks of the Medwa y some four miles above Rochester. Eng land, has sprung into fame through the discovery of a prehis- toric man; henceforth the name of Railing will be as full of mean ing to genealogists and anthropol- ogists as that of Galley Hill or Tilbury of Neanderthal.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18

In a brief session, following testt-
mony heard throughout the day TO the
effect that the cost bills Of the sheriff
had been padded" the board of county
commissioners yesterday afternoon un-
animously agreed to present the mat
ter to Gov. Park Trammel for what
ever action that official might deem
fit. A certified copy OF the testimony
adduced before the commissioners, in
which gross irregularities were di-
vulged, viii be forwarded to the gov
ernor with a letter to be drafted by
Judge John G. Avery, the county at
torneq. This viii be done as soon as
the testimony is ready
No recommendation viii be made by
the board to the governor, but that
official is asked by the board to take
whatever action he deems proper un-
der the circumstances.
The session of the board consumed
practically all of yesterday. The in
vestigation was only into the cost bill ,
Of the sheriff rendered the board on
December 1 and covered only the sum
moning Of jurors and witnesses for the
recent term of the circuit court and
two weeks of the court of record Ju-
rors from various sections OF the coun-
ty were heard and testimony was given
to prove the contention Of the county
auditor that the sheriff had charged
mileage never travelled, that arrests
had been made of several persons at
one time and charges made against the
county for miles Travelled as though
the arrests had been made at different
times; that deputy sheriffs had travel
ed on passes over the Louisville and
Nashville and that other alleged ir-
regularit1es had occurred during the
past month.
COVERS RECENT EVENTS.
No attempt was made TO go into the
records of preceding months, nor was
any testimony given as to charges for
taking boys to the reform school and
charging at the rate OF 10 cents per
mile Only one case wherein parties
w. d. Owens of Atmore, who paid
the fines of sixteen negroes employed
by him, appeared and presented 9. can
celled check. This check had been
given to the sheriff in payment for the
fines and costs in the cases of the ne
groes and showed the sheriff had
charged as though sixteen separate
trips had been made to and from At
more. There was also shown, in this
connection, that the sheriff has collect
ed the fines and costs of one negro
from Mr.. Owens and at the same time
had collected costs on the man from
the county.
Twice during the day the attorneys
for Sheriff Ellis stated the sheriff
would make good any amount the com
missioners found he had overcharged
the county. while the attorneys FOR
Chief Deputy Hartsfield said the lat
ter would rectify any errors that h0
had made.
When the commissioners convened
as a court of inquiry, Judge John c.
Avery, the county attorney. appeared
representing the county; G. Moreno
Jones and Samuel Pasco Of the firm OF
Reeves, watson & Pasco for Sheriff
Ellis, and J. f. Davis Yonge of the
firm o. Blount & Blount q Carter
for Mr.. Hartsfield-
Auditor James Macgibbon and Dep
uty Clerk Thomas A. johnson assist
ed Judge Avery in the examination OF
the numerous witnesses. Mr. John
son, who had gone through all of the
records and secured the attendance of
CcontinIed On Paga Two1
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
81 AssoeIATEp PRESS.

Washington, Dec. 16.-The senate
late today reached an agreement to
vote on the final passage of the admin
istration currency bill Friday and to the
debate for each senator upon ea1h
amendment or upon the measure itself
to fifteen minutes tomorrow and Fri
day. The legislative day may run into
Saturday, but the senate leaders expect
the bill to pass before the night of FRI
day
should important amendments be
pending then, q recess may be taken
until Saturday as the Republicans
would not consent to an agreement un-
I'll the Democrats promised not to
hold all night sessions.
Representative Underwood conferred
with the senate leaders today. 1t is
expected only two days will be taken
for an agreement on the bill in joint
conferences. The presidents signature
is anticipated before Christmas. Then
the great task of organizing the fed
past system of regional banks VIII
commence.
The upper house was busy today di
&eSting the Hitchcock amendments and
gathered Ia hMrrfe led CAUCUS tonight to
settle ou the STueHdraents to support.
The tsp4h1fcans Joined Hitchcock in
the fight this afternoon against the
n1aturify period of commercial paper
that might be rediscounted at regional
reserve banks. This was defended by
Shafrother. He declared the limitation
against long term paper was raised
solely to assure the reserve banks hav-
ing paper that would be readily con-
vertable into cash in times Of stress.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
POPE LEARNED
Of RAMPOLEA'S
SUDDEN DEATH
Holy Father Was Not In
formed of the Cardinals
Death Until Yesterday
and Pope Was Visibly
Affected by News.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Rome, Dec. 1.-THE death OF Car
dinal Rampolla, former papal secre-
tary of state, was not made known to
Pope Piux X until this morning Car
dinal Merry del Val and Mgr. Clio
vanni Bressan, the pope's private sec
retary, went to see his holiness at
an early hour intending to break the
sad news as gently as possible. But
when the pope heard the name of Car
dinal Rampolla coupled with the word
''indisposition' he grew pale and beg
ged them to tell him the truth with
out hesitation, as anxiety and un-
certainty affected him more than any
thing else. The two prelates then
told him that RampoIla was dead.
AS recently as Saturday the pope
had received Cardinal Rampolla, who
was then apparently in his usual good
health and spoke at length about
many affairs.
The pope issued the following
statement: Cardinal Rampolla was
one of the greatest men in the church
He had become even greater since ne
retired from state affairs.
His holiness ordered that the high
est honors should be paid to the de-
ceased cardinal.
on Sunday evening last Cardinal
Rampolla received Silas McBee and
his wife of New York and discussed
with them the question of bringing
about a better understanding among
Cardinal Rampolla was the closest
collaboration with Pope Leo N1II in the
movement for the reunion OF the
Christian churches. When Pope Leo
was dying, q cablegram was received
in Rome saying that the American
protestant congregations were praying
for his recovery. Cardinal RampoIla
took the dispatch Immediately to the
diving pontiff, who instructed Cardinal
RampoIIa to write that the message
had been a great consolation to him
as it had proved that his scheme for
the reunion of the churches was not
a dream.
Yesterday morning Cardinal Ram
roIIa went to St. Peters to inspect
fhe work of restoration of the choir.
Later he felt a general Indisposition
which developed into profound pros
tration He refused, however, to al
low his secretary to remain with him
ALI night in the little palace behind
ST Peters. where he had lived since
he left the secretaryship of state
The cardinals secretary, alarmed at
his condition. consulted a physician.
The latter visited the cardinal but
discovered no serious symptoms and
ordered him to take a complete rest.
Later in the evening the cardinal grew
worse and had great difficulty in
breathing He sent a messenger hur-
riedIy for his secretary and physician.
but when they arrived, the cardinal
was dead.
The physician declared death due
to angina pectoris. The cardinals sec
retary performed the final rites of the
church and then sent for the prelate's
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
Daniels Makes
SharpAttackon
Reaction aries
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

New York, Dec. 17.-.eReactionaries
who think to weaken the advocacy of
progressive measures by declaring
that they are the products of .hvs-
terra, were roundly denounced here
tonight by Secretary Daniels, of the
navy, in an address at the dinner of
the North Carolina Society OF New
York
"A few days ago. Mr.. Daniels said,
"a distinguished educator, from a
southern state in speech in New
York, declared that such a new and
progressive measures as the initiative
and referendum were revolutionary
Another distinguished authority, a
statesman and an educator. referred
to certain modern political doings as
wild theories" which common sense
and wise experience demand be re-
jected, as the result of hysteria'
THE real trouble is that this So
called 'hysteria' hurts. 1t keeps party
pledges, it does not take from labor
the bread it earns, it makes protec-
tion built wealth pay income tax 1t
elects senators direct from the people
They call 1t hysterfa, because it means
we can have no more senator's from
the New York Central railroad. no
press Company, no more senators from
the New York, New Haven and Hart
ford railroad, no more senators from
the Standard Oil trust
Iney call 1t nySIeT1d because It
prevents the classes from exploiting
the masses, and brings the goveriNcent
back to the people. After all the real
hystericals are not the people who
stand upon the house tops and cry for
reform. but the people who are guard
ing special privilege and are seeing
the castles built by privilege tumble
down about their heads.
mo gentlemen" continued the Sec
retary. the victims of hysteria are
not the forward looking. promise
keeping reformers, who quietly con-
vince the people that this new way
this gospel of progressive statesman
ship is best for the country, but your
hysterical man is that incarnate ex-
clamation point of self-intoxicated pa
triotism. who madly waves the stars
and stripes with one hand and grips
his rebate-provided, protection-fos-
tered wealth with the other, and be-
walls an alleged tendency to put a
period to class legislation; who wildly
proclaim that we are turning away
from those fundamental principles
through which We have come to our
present high estate"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
SAYS GOVERNMENT
SHOULD OWN THEM
Postlnaster-Gener Declares
the Postoffice Department
Has Demonstrated Its
Capacity to Conduct Util-
ities-Says Postoffice is
Sell Supporting Now for
First Time Since 1888.
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, Dee. IA sweeping
declaration in favor of government
ownership of telephone and telegraph
lines and an assertion that the postal
service now is self supporting for the
first time since 1883, are features of
the annual report of Postmaster Gen
eral Burleson, transmitted today to
congress.
Concerning the acquisition of tele-
phone and telegraph lines, Postmaster
General Burleson says that the gov
ernment has demonstrated its capacity
to conduct public utilities, and, from
his present information, he is inclined
clearly to the taking over by the post
office department of the telegraph lines
and, possibly, also. of the telephone
lines Discussing that the postmaster
general says:
a study of the constitutional pur-
poses of the postal establishment leads
to the conviction that the poStofhce
department should have control over
all means of the communication of
intelligence. The first telegraph line.
in this country was maintained and
operated as a part Of the postal SER
vice. and 1t Is to be regretted that
congress saw fit to reIinGuish this
nfDnopofistfc nature of the telegraph
business makes it of vital Importance
to the people that 1t be conducted by
unselfish interests, and this can be
accomplished only through govern
ment ownership.
THE act of July "a, 1865, providing
for the government acquisition of the
telegraph lines upon payment of an
appraised valuation and the act of
1902 directing the postmaster general
to report to congress the probable
cost of connecting a telegraph and tel
ephone system with the postal service
by some feasible plan are evidences
of the policy of this government uI-
timately to acquire and operate these
electrical means of communication as
postal facilities as is done by all the
principal nations, the United States
alone excepted.
GOVERNMENT is CAPABLE.
1.-THE successful operation of the
parcel post has demonstrated the ca
paoity of the government to conduct
The public utilities which fall prop
erly within the postal provision of
the constitution
Every argument in favor OF the
government ownership of telegraph
lines may be advanced with equal
logic and force in favor of the govern
ment ownership of telephone lines. 1t
has been competently decided that a
message and a telegram are
the same within the meaning of the
laws governing the telegraph service
and therefore It is believed that the
statute enabling the government to ac-
quire, upon the payments of an ap-
Continued on Page Seven)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
Republicans
ReduceSouth's S
Representation
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, Dec. 16-The south's
representation in the Republican ma
tional convention was cut today by the
national committee from thirty-three
TO sixteen per cent Of the conventions
total delegates. This radical change in
the basis OF representation was the
conclusion of the party reform pro-
cedllre to reunite the warning ele-
ments. The action to be final must
be endorsed by the states entitled to
cast the majority OF votes In the elec-
toral college and action was taken to
secure prompt approval. The new plan
gives the southern states 164 delegates
but cuts the number OF the total from
1898 in 1912 to 99S. The states and the
delegates lost, follow: Alabama 8. Ar
kansas 3, Florida 4, Georgia 10. Hli-
nois 2 Kentucky I, Louisiana z, Mis-
sissippi 8, New York e. North Carolina
3, Pennsylvania 1. South Carolina z
Tennessee 3. Texas 10, Virginia. 8.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

Washington, Dec. 16.-The Ameri-
cans in Chihuahua are safe. Consul
Letcher telegraphed this assurance to
the state department today upon the
re-opening of wire communication be-
tween Chihuahua, and Ell Paso. Wash
ington consistently has regarded the
stories of refugees regarding i'll treat
ment by General Villa as exaggerated.
Letcher has not forwarded a reply
from Villa to the United States rep
reservations regarding the treatment
of Spaniards. 1t is believed he finds
difficulty in communicating with the
leader. Villa is expected to treat the
Spaniards better after receiving the
American protests.
The foreign colony at Tampico is
enjoying peace after an exciting week.
Four thousand rebels, however, are
eamped within twenty miles of town
and are expected to renew the attack
when their ammunition is renewed.
The American fleet is likely to remain
at Tampico for some time.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-12-18
P ananna Canal
Graft Scandal
NowUnearthed
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS.

washington, Dec. 16.-A technicaiity
today halted the proceedings in, the
first Panama canal scandal under the
United States's direction. Secretary
Garrison asked Attorney General Nc
Reynolds to decide whether John
Burk. the manager OF the Panama
railway commisSary department.
whose transactions are under inves-
tigation is government employe or
an employe of a private corporation.
Upon the ruling depends the gov
ernment's action at the conclusion Of
the INQUIRY into the charges that Burk
has profited by receiving gifts or COM
missions from persons selling supplies
TO the canal commissary department
Oficials stated. nothing has yet de-
yeIoped in the secret six months probe
that indicated a loss to the govern
ment. Burk is spending his vacation
somewhere in the United States.
Great regret is. expressed that a hint
of a financial breach should come
after millions have been expended on
the canal without the suspicion of
graft. Burk is. reported to be inter
ested in the corporations that supplied
railway contracts. If Burk is govern
ment empIoye. the government might
proceed against him criminally in case
the charsaA appear well founded.