davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
FOLLOW POLICY
or PRESIDENT TAFT
Wilson VIII Not Wage War with
Mexico Until It Is Absolutely
Necessary.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. ]
WASHINGTON, Mar. .10.- That the
policy OF the new administration re-
garding Mexico for the present, at
least is precisely that OF the Taft
regime became known when it
was announced that the American
troops lined up along the Mexican
border will be kept there Indefinitely.
Mexico may be volcano ready to
break forth at any Time declared
Lindley M. Garrison. the new secre.
tary OF war. Until 1t is CON
clusively shown that peace has been
permanently established without a
doubt, American troops now at the
various points will remain ready for
service in Mexico
Sinister indications OF growing re
volt in northern Mexico against the
new Huerta government, were given
in state department dispatches.
The Huerta government is repors
ed as throwing thousands Of troops
by both rail- and water into the state
of Sonora to operate against the COLI
stitutionalists. Large forces are being
concentrated at points In Coahuila, in
an attempt to down the growing out
break Of the indictments under Gar
rama. While General Orozco. erst.
while rebel leader, is Fastening to
Mexico City for conference with
government leaders. he has dispatch
ed his forces to Zacetacas, to combat
new outbreak there. Bodies OF Ma
deristas are appearing south of La
redo, destroying bridges and rail
roads. Telegraph lines have been cut
and only meagre reports have been
received.
Carranza's troops captured the
town Of San Pedro, east OF LOREN.
after an all-night battle, according to
reports.
Federals are still in possession OF
Parral, in Chihuahua. Hundreds of
rdAel volunteers are in arms and only
lack leadership The deposed COVER
nor Of Chihuahua has been. sent to
Mexico City for Imprisonment.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
Terrible Train OF Troubles.

Lake Charles. La.-Mrs e. Fourn.
Ter, SIG Kirby street says: THE
month before took Cardui. ! could
hardly walk. had baclache, head
ache, pain in my legs, chills, eainting
spells. sick stomach. dragging feel.
ings. and no patiencs or courage
Since taking Cardui, | have no more
palms, can walk as far at wan. to.
and feel good all the time. Take
Cardui and be benefited by the pecu-
liar herb ingredients which have been
found 30 effective for womanly ills.
Cardui will relieve that backache,
headache. and Ill the misery from
which you suffer, Just as It has don1
for others Try Cardui--Adv.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10

This is the season of the year when
mothers feel very nue.. concerned
over the frequent colds contracted by
their children, and have abundant rea
son for it as every cold weskens the
lungs. lowers he vitality and paves
the way for the more serious diseases
that SO often follow. Chamberlain
Cough Remedy is famous for its cures
and is pleasant aid safe to take. For
sale by Wilkinson & Co. Pharmacy
and ]. f. Kiedalsch & Son.-Adv.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
Mandelss Dowell's
schedule scheflnlr


Miss MCDOWELL estimates one vaca-
tion Of .wo weeks each year at a total
cost OF SIS.
Figures furnished the senate inves.
tigators by the department store
head, did not take into account any
expenditures for amusements, for In
surance against illness or for vaca-
tons Miss Mcdowell called atten.
ton to this fact. She said she thought
her estimate extremely conservative.
my figures make no provision for
old age; they give a girl no oppor-
tunity to save penny" she said. Il
scarcely see how girl working in a
department store could live on less.
III Mr.. Mandel's figures are accept
ed, girl would have but ten cents a
day for her lunch. When a girl has
been standing on her feet all morn
Ing In downtown store do not be
lieve she can get food OF sufficient
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
WHAT IT COSTS
GIRL TO LIVE
Settlement Worker Figures That She
Must Have $3.50 Per
Week

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. ]
CHICAGO, March t0.-Miss Mary
Mcdowell, noted Chicago social work
err in charge of the University of Chi
cago settlement work, who read the
sworn statement Of Edward F. Man
del before the Illinois senate white
slave investigating committee, that IN
his opinion girl supporting herself
away from home, could live on s7.2F
a week, declared that it would be
next to impossible for a girl employ
ed in a store to live on that wage.
After Miss Mcdowell had scannet
the schedule Of expenses presented te
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
Brave Blind Singer.

limited Press Leased Wire Service. ]
WORCESTER, Mass, March TO-
Thrown into a panic by an explosion
in the operating booth OF the Pleas
ant Picture theatre. the audience
Of men. women and children were
halted in their stampede by Edward
Bradley, of Boston, blind singer.
The explosion occurred while Bradley
was on the stage. He continued sing
ing until he heard the crowd getting
to its feet and preparing to rush the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
THOUSANDS VISIT
THE POWER.
tremendous Crowd Pours All Over
the Works and People Come
for Many Miles 70
Inspect Il.
THOUSANDS BY RAILROAD
Continual Stream Of People Two
Miles Long Pass Through the
Mammoth Water Power
In Mississippi.

About 10000 people accepted the
invitation to the public to visit The
greatest water power installation on
earth on Sunday and the outpouring
Of the populace was one Of the most
remarkable Incidents of most re-
markable work.
They came from all over the power
zone In all sorts of vehicles. from
buggies to railroad trains. All the
railroads had extra coaches loaded,
and most OF them put the overflow of
passengers into the baggage and ex-
press cars. Publication that this was
the last chance before the water Is
turned into the big cofferdam seemed
to stir the public into action as
nothing has done for years. If ever
before
Excellent Arrangements.
They were men, women and chill
dren. of every condition and sort OF
People. Estimates Of the number
range from 10000 to $4,000. They
were scattered over such a large ter
ritory that they were never punched,
and every couple Of hours the person
mel of the crowd changed by part get
ting through the works and depart
ing as other crowds arrived and start
ed through.
They went everywhere. Every de-
tail was open to the public and acces-
sible. Hundreds Of guides wearing
white ribbons answered all questions
asked and directed the stream OF
humanity around the works. Each
guides ribbon bore the inscription:
Official Guide. Inspection Trip,
March 8. 1913. 1 helped build this
plant.
The arrangements for the comfort
and care Of the immense crowd were
excellent.
The Host of the Public.
Chief Engineer Cooper was there
most of the day, although compare
lively few recognized him in his big
cap and slicker. Some times he
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
Private Text Book for Women

Which will aid you to make sure OF
the exact nature of any female com
plant with which you may be afflict.
ed, is offered free of cost to any wo
man who will write for it to the Lydia
E. Pinkham Medicine Co, of Lynn
Mass. Your letter will be treated as
strictly private, and the book mailed
in plain wrapper. Every ailing wo
man should send for this book today
ADV
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
$4,000 Worth Of Love.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service I
NEW YORK, March 10.--Wm. r..
Crawford civil engineer, brought suit
for $4,000 against Henry D. Chatter,
head of the big loan house of Chatter
and Eddy. 35 Wall street, alleging
alienation of the affections of Mrs.
Crawford, formerly Miss Helen Cow
drey of Yellville, Arkansas.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
nourishment for ten cents.

nourishment for ten cents.
THE department store girl finds il.
necessary to dress neatly and keep
up appearances. I do not see how
she could do it on 81 week
The employer of women labor, who
co-operated with the settlement work
err in making up her estimate. agreed
with her that a girl could not obtain
fit board and room at less than 81 a
week.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
Bachelors Button.

JOLIET. III. Mar. 1O-- With piece
of needle in his heart, Joseph Heitz,
an insurance agent, is lying near
death in local hospital. He was
sewing a button in his coat when the
needle slipped and entered his left
side.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10

the probers by the big department
store head. she conferred with anoth-
er employer OF girl help, with an ex.
pert from the University settlement,
and With two girls who are earning
their own way
Using this information as basis,
Miss Mcdowell estimated that a girl
"adrift' is, not living at home,
must earn at least $3.50 to live
properly. A comparison Of the COST
of living tables of the big employer
and the settlement worker follows:
Miss Nc.
NYa,da1ge Toon,aJl,o
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10


would explain something to some
questioner, but most Of the time he
was walking around, seemingly en-
joying the pleasure the people seem.
ed to be getting from being his guests
for day
Nothing occurred to mar the oc.
casion, and even the river entered
into the spirit of the thing and staged
a little spectacle Of its own. The ice
was rather thin, but it made its last
feeble effort for freedom and broke UP
above the dam and ran through the
spans still open out in the river, with
none of its old time force, but making
a picturesque spectacle.
Water in This Week.
The water will be turned into the
big cofferdam in few days. Yester-
L Gay the water was in the tail race and
run little into the mouths Of the
draft tubes, from seepage allowed in.
to the lower side of the works.
In the forenoon, painter at work
on a wall grasped a live wire of low
voltage and was knocked out foI
awhile. but he was resuscitated and
will have no permanent injury No
accident occurred to any of the crowd
OF visitors, although they went even
on top of the power house root
-
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10

doors. Stretching out his arms the
Blind man called from the stage in a
voice that pierced the din of scream
ing women and yelling men.
Take your time, there is no danger.
] am blind man, but see, am not
afraid, why should you be?'
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10

For spraiI yo- will find Chamber
lain's Liniment excellent. It allays
the pain, removes the soreness, and
soon restores the parts e healthy
condition. % and 50 cent bottles for
sale by Wilkinson & Co. Pharmacy
and J. F. Kiedaisch & Son. ADV.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
PROFESSIONAL CARDS
PHYSICIANS.

PHYSICIANS.
DR.. w. p. SHERLOCK,
PHYSICAL AND SURGEON
Office Is North Fifth street, In the
Howell building.
Office hours-10 to 10 a. M; 2 to s
p. M; evenings. Z to s; Sundays, IL
to p. m.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10
DR.. BRUCE I. alLFILLAN

DR.. BRUCE L. GILFILLAN
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Office 621k Main street. over
Cooks 6 Cox Millinery store. Bell
phone 190-Black.
Residence 317 North Fourth street.
Bell phone 12S0-Red.
Hou.s: l0-12 a. M. % p. m. rs
p. m. Sunday by appointment.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1913-03-10

Read The Daily Gate City
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15

THE Parsons : souders
I women's clothing store
has a stock of women's
and young Wo'iimen's spring
suits and coats as varied
as any, woman, can desire
as good inaall essentials
as any we have ever sold
in ten years, and better
than any we have sold in
all that relates to improv-
ed styles, fashion features
and fine tailor work
through and through.
We have priced the suits at 500 to
$50 and the coats at $15 to $25, because
it is not possible to sell the same stand
ard grades forless and guarantee them
so unreservedly. a..
In the lower-pricc Clothinga won-
an can choose a suit, a coat, a raincoat,
Il separate skirt and pay Just as much
as insures good value and as little as
meets withslies own ideas Of economy. !.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
DAUGHTER BORN
To Mr.. and Mrs. Harry w.
Sheets at Colonial
Heights.

The gesticulating and shouting
figure that was trying to climb the.
aagpole on top OF the Goff office build
ing Tuesday forenoon was Attorney
Harry W. Sheets, popular member of
the law firm Of Carter and Sheets,
which has a suite of offices in the.
building, trying to give vent to his
supreme Joy over the arrival of a
'bouncin, ten-pound daughter at 7:15
o'clock the same morning at his home
on Horror avenue. Colonial Heights.
Mr.. Sheets may not have been actually
seen trying to climb the pols, b5. con-
s'derlng the Importance and nature of
the happy event, it is easy to draw it
from the imagination and, to assume
that he was doing something like that,
in a fgurative manner. All the cir
cumstances of the daughters arrival
are entirely favorable.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
FUNERAL
Services over Body of Mrs
Mary Quillan, Of Park
efsburg Held Here.

Funeral services over the body or
Mrs. Mary Quiilan, wife .of Hugh
Qutllan, who died at her home on
Swamp street Parkersburg, Saturday
after an extended Illness eff dropsy,
was held at the Church OF the I'm
maculate Conception here Tuesday
morning at 10 O'Clock, the Rev. P. i'll.
McDermott celebrating a requiem
high mass. The burial was in the
Holy Cross cemetery.
The body accompanied by large
number of relatives and friends ar
rived here Monday evening on train
No. 10 from Parkersburg and was
taken TO the Clifford-o Osborn mortuary
chapel where many local friends view
ed the body. Mrs. Quillan was for
tmerly Miss Mary Albright of this city
and had host of friends in this city
who we're panied to hear OF her death.
Mrs Quillan was thirty-tive years
of age and is survived by her hus,
band, one daughter, Cecilia, and four
brothers, Frank Albright, of this city;
John, Fred and James Albright, OF
Parkersburg. The deceased woman
was a good Christian, highly esteemed
by all who knew her and her untime-
ly death is deeply regrettes on every
hand She was member OF St
Xavier's Catholic church of Parkers.
| burg,
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
SOCIAL
s.a1s1sp
Linen SHOWER.

A very enjoyable linen shower wat
given by Miss Alma swiger Monda,
evening from toll o'clock in honor
of Miss Anna Payne whose marriag.
to NJ. Harry Griest, of New York
will be solemnized Tuesday, April 20
The floral decorations of the roomi
were carnations, daisies and ferns
Games and music were the diversion
Of the evening and at 10 o'clock a
salad supper was served, Covers were
laid for twenty guests.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
TFIIj
For Me. Williams.

A very prettlly appointed o'clocl
dinner was given by Mr.. and Mrs
Earl Speaker complimentary to Mr.
and Mrs. John Williams before their
departure for steubenville. o, where
they will permanently reside. Tulips
and their foliage were used as the
floral decorations of the table. Cover
we're laid for Mr. and Mrs. Paul w
Lange, Mr.. and Mrs. NJ, ]. Francois,
and Mr. and Mrs. John Williams.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
AN oyster Supper.

Mr. George P. Leatherbury enter
tanned very royalty few of his
friends with an oyster supper last
evening. Those who enjoyed Nj
Leatherbury's hospitality were .
w. Williams, Frank Gaylord, C.. Nj
Hart, Robert Morris, George Duncan
Joe Crouch and Mr.. Tracy.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
These a n d Many
Other New Summer
Fabrics

Russian Cossack Linen. SO inches wide;
dark natural color Price 59c yard
Coarse Linen Suiting, irregular thread
! oyster white; As inches wide. Price $1.0O
yard. h
Linen Ratine Weave, 81 inches wide, Is
different weaves. Price 29c yard
Linene Fabric, 81 inches wide, navy,
light blue, TAM pink and white, 18c yard.
II Ratine Cottons, in pink, white and light
blue, ~ inches wide, price 35c yard.
MeDcerized Linen Pongee, colors, g.
inches wide, 35c; yard wide soc.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15

Gordon sand and have buster. Last
year the prospects for developing the
pool on Snake run were regarded as
very promising. The opinion was
based largely on the staying qualities
Of some OF the old wells, Some Pitts
burgers drilled well on the adj
joining farm and got buster and
incidently. cold feet
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
Mrs. Swartz to Entertain.

Mrs. osman swartz win entertain !
few friends very informally at cards
tomorrow afternoon from 8 to s
O'clock. Auction;bridgs will be played
at two tables and the guests are asked
to meet Mrs. WHY'S Rede, of Balti-
more. 81. i'iaalAttgTN
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
Tribe to Meet.

ne West Fork Court, No. IL, Tribe
of Ben Hur, will meet in. regular SEES
sion tonight in its hall On Fourth
street, Glen Elk. All members are
requested to be present. Visitors art
always welcome.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
China, japanese
and Crex Mattttizeqs

= Newest patterns Japanese and heavy
China Mating, yard Csc, SOC and 35c.
10 Mattings make elegant inexpensive
floor covering for summer.
we lay mating as carefully as carpets
Crex-Room size and small rugs. Crex
by the yard.
Crex isa syonderfully successful mater
ial made ofSea Grass and Cotton Chain, the
chain giving the color.
Light Green, Blue, Tan, fancy and plain.
Splendid material for hall runners. stair
covering, porch rugs, etc. il
BATH ROOM RUGS-Beautiful lin:,'
dainty colors, tile patterns, an Sizes Prices.
90c to $500 - ~ R,s} ~ y A@2 Z" =
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
-Souders
Cur good aTe priced 70 sell. quieIs
ilondy tonight;

~.
Our idea of profit is that "the
ninible sixpence is better thanthe slow
shilling. q
This store is only understandable
when seen from the inside what stays
on the outside Of your head rarely helps
you much and whoever knows this
store only from the street windows
cannot possibly comprehend what is
going on within.
Like man who is throwing kissts
at girl in the dark may know what he
is doing, but no one else does.
Get acquainted!s
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
CARD OF THANKS.

We desire to thank our many
friends and neighbors who SO kindly
helped US during the Illness and death
Of our beloved son and. brother: also
for the rahy floral tributes.
MR.. AND MRS NJ. D. MCMILLAN
AND FAMILY.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15
At Mrs. Wilfong's.

The Mothers Club. of steale5
Heights, will beet at 2locloek Wed.
nesday afternoon at Mr.. w. w. VIII
fong's home at lNorthyiew.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1913-04-15

The event makes Arthur Sheets,
prominent resident Of Lost Creek, a
grandfather for the first time and with
iignitied mein as becomes the occas-
on he is sharing in the congratuIa-
tons that are pouring in upon the
Happy family. a
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-12-27
CREDIT WHERE DUE.

NA<OWdIh AQtCCdIG.)
The Jefferson club Of Columbus re-
Gently celebrated the anniversary of
the birth of Allen 6. Thurman, the
Old Roman. SO famous throughout
the entire country as a great demo-
cratic leader. Among the proceed
ings special emphasis was given the
grand Democratic victory in Ohio of
1873, when odd Bill" Allen rose up
and was elected governor Of this
state.
It was right and timely for the
Jefferson club to celebrate the event
and accord to the Old Roman full
credit for his part in that memorable
political event.
But 1t should not be forgotten that
the splendid work of the Cincinnati
Enquirer was a great factor in winn-
ing that grand triumph of the Ohio
democracy. The Enquirer's cam
paisn Of publicity support far exceil-
ed anything that ever had been at
tempted by any newspaper, and the
effect of it was told when the votes
were counted on the night Of the
campaign in securing his election and
personally gave expression OF his
gratitude to groups of enthusiastic
democrats on the day of his inauku-
ration. Then there was John r. Nc
Leans own personal contribution to
the democratic state campaign fund,
then bankrupt. which supplied a
timely need, for which the donor
was new given proper credit.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-12-27
] THE N STORY {.
MISS MATHIS
Copyright. 1918. b. ". Werner,

ful room flooded with sunshine and
la large yellowed c~omplexioned woman
rising from a chaise lounre with a
Pckinese poodle in her arms - a
woman who appeared to he tangled
garment that EMBODIED her.
My dear Matty!!" she cried. And
MISS Matty felt herself submerged
IN softness n scent and warmth.
cornelis said. ana holding Miss Matty
off she began to study her. why
MattS, You are quite the same. Look
i'll that glass and then let me show
you a little picture I have. Of you"
She unlocked an oval frame from
the wall. Matty looked at the gilt
tering surface Of the great mirror
whole mind was taken up with Cor.
nclia.
You see?" Cornelia said. But I
suppose YOU find Il great change In
me-"
Some" Acknowledged Miss Matty.
Yes. Some. of course"
I'VE been i'll Of liver aiiment," Cor.
nelia explained. "My doctor says
need mor air. more sunshine. exer-
else. Hes cruel. thas He's taken
away all the things love-chocolate,
cream: sweets. He makes me sleep on
a hard mattress and walk two miles
every morn.ng-walk. mind you, when
Y Got three motors. Well, / obey
him, but ] never take a step that. !
don't ave TO after that two-mile
walk. That's why ! wasn't down to
meet YOU. hope you don't mind"
She touched a button. Now you shall
60 to your room and rest till dinner.
That's at $3.50. Wen have it here.
I'm all alone. My husband Is off with,
Il party of friends"
The appearance of the maid inter-
rupted her and Miss Matty was led
away.
Her was luxurious beyond
ANYTHING she had ever imagined. For
a long time after the maid left her
she went about admiring andexamin-
ing. Then she unpacked her valise.
Then she bathed, combed her thin.
light hair, and put on her best frock.
1t looked pitifully cheap and made
quate. She sighed, remembering Cor
nelia's extravagant negligee. But
how Id look in q rig Of that kind"
she consoled herself.
The maid came for her when she
was ready and took her. back to Cor
nelia's room A table was drawn be-
fore a couch. Cprnelia and the dog
were ON the couch. She motioned Miss
Matty to a chair. Then a touch Of the
Dell Drought Inner.
Miss Matty was hungry. She had
expected excellent. perhaps even
usual food. What she got was a scant
menu of bouillon. crackers, thin bread
and butter, some white meat, and for
dessert oranges.
II knew" Cornelia said. pleasantly.
that you'd wish to eat just what I
eat"
Eyes. yes. of course agreed Miss
Matty.
After dinner was taken away they
settled down for u long talk-that is,
Cornclia talked. She told all about
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-12-27

is a good thing. where tho need for
1t exists. And the way to cooperate
is just to cooperate. There is moth.
ing to prevent 1t. II q group OF farm
ers wish to organize q society to han
die their W wheat. their " ap.
pies, their own butter and eggs, any.
thing that they produce. nothing In
the world stands in the way Of it. And
all the legislation that can be enacted
will not put a cen in the pocket Of
the farmers, or OF anybody else, ex-
cept possibly IL few officials who may
be appointed under the laws which
are passed. There are many cooper.
alive associations now is existence.
and some Of them are performing q
useful work. AS fast as those pri-
marilS interested become convinced
that their interests FAN be promoted
in this way moro societies will be or
ganized.' In the meantime. the need
of additional legislation on the SUBJ
ject is not clear.