davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
A Letter from Sheriff Thoma'

We are glad to publish the fol-
lowing communication from Sheriff
Thomas, as The Tribune has no dis
position to do anyone an Injustice
Editor Lynden Tribune:
enclose clipping from your pa
per of February 10. l am not dis
putting the figures in the article for
| presume they are correct copy
of the within named annual re-
ports, but think you are fair
minded man and will do no Unjust
ice knowingly to any one. for pol
itical reasons or otherwise. al
though l think your criticism OF
this office Is harsh; yet l believe
] that had you known the facts In
, full you would not have criticised
10 harshly.
Mr.. LegOe, in the presence OF
Mr.. Shagren, showed me the annu.
al report for 1910 and 1911 and
asked why my expense for 1911
was greater than Van Zandt's for
1910. l told him land l will tell
you the same) the County Auditor
in making his annual report for
1910 did not include December
1910, but the report for 1911 IN
cluded the expense for December
1910, and the first nine days OF
January. 1911. (which We're incur
red by Van Zandt.
Your informant through fgnor-
ance or meanness never mentioned
to you that this office for
1911 and 1912 collected Diver $685.
900 delinquent personal taxes,
and the most of that was collected
by myself and deputies outside OF
the office. Taxes have always been
collected by the County Treasurer
until 1911 when the collection Of
delinquent personal taxes was turn
ed over to the sheriff. which you
can see. increases the expense OF
the office. while l get no credit In
the annual report for taxes collect
ed. l am charged for the expense
Of collecting.
am writing this just to give yo,,
the facts and let you judge for your
self whether the county commission.
ers are giving me square deal.
BY the way, II you will look at the
report you will even see that Van
Zandt's expense for 1910. which in
cludes Dec. 1909. was $9,O51.19.
My expense for 1911. which includes
Van Zandt's expense for Dec. and
nine days in January, was $S,24S.-
6S.
l.. A. THOMAS, Sheriff
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
GLENDALE

Eva Pearson is quite i'll with &
serious attack of the grippe.
There was no school Friday al
the teachers were in attendance al
the directors and teachers meeting
in Bellingham.
The new hall and store will be
formally opened by a grand bal
this evening. Good music has beer
secured.
Mrs. Fitzgerald. of Sumas. who
has been spending few days with
her sister. Mrs. o. E. Reed, returned
home Tuesday.
The grange will hold its regular
meeting Saturday evening. An In
teresting program Is assured.
A debate will be held at the
school house Friday, February %
The question is: Resolved. That
the Presidents term should be ex-
tended to six years. and that he
should be denied a second term
The Glendale School will argue fol-
the proposition while Northwo0d will
oppose it.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
BLAINE.

The postmaster and B. Hanson
went to Seattle Monday to testify
in the Wilson case.
Mrs. Charles Hancock. who has
been quite i'll. is improving.
Miss Annie Arnold. who has been
visiting her uncle. j. J. Arnold. re
turned to her home in Chehalis.
Miss Bessie Allen. who has been
visiting her mother. returned to
Vancouver Monday afternoon.
May Milder died Friday morning
after a lingering Illness. The funer-
al was held at the Free Methods,
church.
Mr.. and Mrs. Davis and son ar
rived from Seattle Sunday after
months visit.
Joe Botta Is at home from Ana.
cOrtes for short visit with his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. John Botta.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALES. c. WHITE LEG
HORNS. Eggs and Baby chicks.
Pen No. /, headed by Buster. a
cockerel winning first and sweep
stakes at Belinlgham; first SnO-
homish, and first Seattle Mead
ows; mated to fifteen beautiful
hens and pullets; Eggs $3.50 per
Is; Sc per 80; $40 per SO; SIS
per 100. Chicks $25 per 100.
Pen No. 2, headed by cock bird
winning 3rd Snohomish. 1911
mated to fourteen good pullets;
Eggs $500 per Is; $500 per 80;
$500 per so; $1,000 per 100.
Chicks $40 100. Three other
pens. all grand birds. some of
them prize winners. Eggs 200
per Is; $500 per 100. Chicks,
$500 per 100. Alex Campbell
Everson. Wash. 2-2O-4t
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
WEST VAN BUREN,

w. F. Heathers went to Clear
brook Wednesday.
Mrs. J. Mundell and Mrs. George
Mundell and daughters spent We'd
nesdav with Mrs. M. G.. Wampler.
LYMAN Wampler returned to his
work in South Sumas. b: Z. aIter
spending few days with nome
folks. He was accompanied Dy mas
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

system for school teachers. With the
same stroke the members invoked the
referendum on the measure, sending
it to the vote Of the people.
There was no fight on the mothers
pension bill in the house, contrary to
expectations. The bill, providing SIS
a month for the first child and IS
month for each additional child in
families where there Is no father. was
passed with only four nays out Of 80
votes.
The house passed by vote of SO to 2
bill creating court Of domestic
relations which gives original juris.
diction to one court in all questions
of divorce and alimony and gives it
to supervision over all juvenile Of
tenders
The house, following a general de-
LUCE of oratory. passed bill creating
board to design and adopt a state
flag.
The house rejected . bill providing
for the doubling Of the salaries Of
members of the legislature.
The senate by vote of 20 to 8 passed
q bill prohibiting students Of high
schools from belonging to fraternities.
sororities or secret societies. The
measure was transmitted Immediately
to the house for consideration.
The senate passed with only one
dissenting vote bill providing for
the establishment in the various coun-
tics OF the state Of tuberculosis hos
! pitfalls. Included in the bill 10 an ap-
preparation of $4,000 for county hos
pitals' general work.
schoo, for the blind and the deaf at
Vancouver has passed both houses.
The measure provides that there shall
be a separate institution for the blind
and one for the deaf. both to be situat-
ed at Vancouver. and for q separate
superintendent for each institution. !
The Oregon system Of state election
pamphlets. which is now proposed as
| part OI TIE Vubulu6tOu uAAoCt A084o-
lation system, came nearly precipi-
tating into cold grave when the SEN
ate voted on report Of the committee
on elections favoring the indefini.s
postponement of the measure. SenA, r
French, of Vancouver declared that
the plan has been failure in Orsgsa.
The pamphlet bill was saved from
postponement by three votes. 1t was
placed on general file to come up fQr
passage probably before the end II
the week.
The teachers pension bill stirred up
the first real bitter fight OF the ses-
sion for the senate.
Cox Refuses Troops for Akron Strike.
| Akron, Ohio.--Governor Cox refused
the request of party Of local busi-
ness men to rush troops to this city
| -aAN. k-ll~ - .,rHh 10.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-One cow, l heifer, 4
doz. 1-year old Chickens; 1 pair
Indian Runner ducks, l drake, 4
ducks, AL Round Oak cook range;
household goods, and fruit jars.
c. A. Hanson, block west,
block north of NAPLES mill, Lyr-
den. 2-2O-lt.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
NOTICE OF ANNUAL TOWNSHIP
MEETING.

MEEllNG.
Notice is hereby given that the
annual meeting OF Delta Township
Whatcom County. Washington. fOi
the election of town officers, the
stablishing of rules and regula-
lions, and the transaction of all
other matters and things that may
come before said meeting. as by
law provided, will be held on Tues
day. March 4. 1913. in said town
ship. Said meeting will be opened
at any time between nine and ten
o clock in the forenoon of said day
and will close at four o'clock In
the afternoon.
Dated this roth day of Februa-
ry. 1913.
JOHN AXLING,
Clerk Of Delta Township. Whatcom
County, Washington. 2-20-2t.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
TOWN
NOTICE OF ANUAL
MEETING

Notice is hereby given that the
annual meeting Of Lynden Town
ship. Whatcom County, State OF
Washington. for the election OF town
officers, the establishing of Rules
and Regulations, and the transac-
ton of all other matters and things
that may come before such meet
Ing, as by law provided. will be
held Tuesday. March 4th. 1913, at
the Town Hall. in said Township
Said meeting will be open at nine
o'clock in the forenoon of said day
Dated this 18th day Of Februa-
ry. 1913.
F. P. CLOSE,
Clerk of Lynden Township, What
com County. Washington. 2-2O-Z'
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-Six months tuition at
the Bellingham Business College
Will make some reduction as
have to leave town. Address Yer
non E. Schacht. Dahlquist Block
Bellingham, Wash. 2-20-3t.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-Nice young driving
team--mares, and a good heavy
wagon. See Grnat Mulka, Lynden
2-20-2t.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
ADVERTISED LETTERS

Mail for the following named
persons remains unclaimed in the
post office at Lynden. Wash.
Feb.2 1913. II not called for in 2
weeks it will be sent to the Dead
Letter office:
v. d. Belleisle. Mrs. Mary Cort
Mrs. Bessie Green.
One cent due on each of the a
bove letters. When calling for any
please say advertised"
d. w. BENDER. Postmaster.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE HAY, on the Ger.
main place. 2la miles west OF
Lynden. $40 per ton. Ed Hoek-
stra 2-20-2t
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-A nine months old
turkey gobbler. Inquire Tribune
office. 2-20-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

RUGS FOR ROOMS, IA "a thick
Administer for IL 16 rooms.$ 19.
new, perfect Rugs; also furni-
ture, underpriced. c. w. Waldron
Bellingham, Elk Street.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-EGGS for Matching
Pekin and Runner Ducks, c. w
Orpington chicken.
II. E. Wolf, Lynden. phone 4l9.
11-14-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

LET ZYLSTRA write your fire In,
surance. Agency for the Northwes
tern Mutual and some stror
board companies. 2-l3-tt.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

DR.. VAN KIRK. Specialist In diseas
es of the EYE, EAR. NOSE, and
THROAT. Glasses accurately fittet
Bellingham, Wash
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

If YOU LOVE your wife go to
the acknowledgement Co. and
see about 1T. Only 2 cents an
hour. They'll tell you.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-Storm King Oats and
Blue Bell Peas for Seed. Nels
jacobson, Route 1, Lynden. Phone
713 2-13-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

TO TRADE--I have modern
cottage. we'll located on car line
and close to school, in Bell
ingham.i worth about $1,000; will
trade for property in or adjacent
to Lynden. Mrs. r. E. Hawley.
2-6-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

DR.. Mcleod, the dentist, is a.
gain doing work at his office over
the bank.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE Shadeland Climax seeC
Oats, Redeemed. Henry Shagren
Phone AT, Lynden. 1-23-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

THE AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC wash
er Is now going into every good
mans home. You should have
one. See the Bauman Implement
Co. about this latest invention.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

ANYBODY'S lumber is good enough
for you If you are neither proud no
particular. but II you are. see JEFF
fers' mill, six miles west Of Lynden
before you PLACE your next order
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

ORDER YOUR Berry Plants from
the LINDEN FRUIT GROWERS
ASSOCIATION, -6-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

GOOD PAYING Restaurant for
sale on easy terms. Owner wants
to leave town on account OF
health. VIM. Mcdonnell, Lyn-
den, Wash. Jn-3O-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20
w A n 7 F. D
Notices Of For Sale and of the Wants OF the Community Bar
gains Everything From Tin Pans to Dairy Ranches
A Continued Story About Advertising

FOR SALE-Carrots. Excellent
stock feed. w. Vanden Brink.
Stickney Island. Lynden. 2-20-1t
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE--Five room bungalow
barn and three lots. p. o. Box
317, Lynden or Phone X662 dc7tf
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

Cox Refuses Troops for Akron Strike.
Akron, Ohio.-Governor Cox refused
the request of a party of local bust.
ness men to rush troops to this city
to cope with a strike Of 1000 rubber
workers here.
Cox instead sent two members Of
the state board of arbitration to con-
fer with the men and their employers.
If you do not register you cannot
vote.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

ZYLSTRA HAS farms for rent
See him about it. 2-lS-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

WANTED-Girl for general house.
work. Good home for right girl.
Mrs. ]. J. Stark, Sumas. WASH,
Phone 2415. 2-6-3t.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-Buff Orpington eggs
for Matching. J. d. Scrimger.
2-2O-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

LESS THAN TWO CENTS an hour.
What do you think of that?
See the Bauman Implement Co.
about it.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

DO NOT forget to list your proper
ty with ZYLSTRA. He work
strictly on commission. 2-13-tf
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE or TRADE-We still
have one good farm near Ever
son to sell or trade. Will take
Lynden or Bellingham property
as part payment. Good trade IL
made before time to rent for
the season. A. Stranded. Phone
Kali. Lynden. 2-6-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE--Genuine Blue Bell
Peas, cleaned for Seed. Shady
Lane ClimaxSeed Oats and Buff
Orpington Eggs. b. G. Crabtree
Lynden, a 1n-3O-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE--Choice Jersey
Calves. B. G. Crabtree.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

FOR SALE-If you are in need
OF any kind of stove WOOD, call
on j. Schuyleman, or leave or
ers at Taylor & Riddles Real
Estate office. 2-G-tf.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

DR.. MCLEOD, Lynden's popular dentist
is again on hand to attend the needs
of his patrons. Office over Bank.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1913-02-20

THE BAUMAN IMPLEMENT co.
has the latest labor saving ma
chine made. LYOu can't afford
to be without one
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08
CHICKAMAUGA
1863-1913
ger Boyle, Poet Laureate Of the confederaey.

Do
Do you find
For tinneha lowedso depya Immature woveso WE'LL
a
the
who
Who charged w andI
The a o
the awf armies
the federas, Chattanooga
hal a
a o lint o tina day
n O. years,
IN our ears
1t
the is
High tide at Chickamauga" All cannotcea
bloodiest the field time
in elouuenc esublfu
OH Hostages OF Glory, arm of eace
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08
ETIQUETTE FROM THE BIBLE.

At the request of many friends Mrs.
Lorinda Hurr of the Mission sent the
following to The Journal. taken from
a clipping in an old family Bible:
Most aspiring young persons wish to
become polite, according to the rules
Of the best society. Any one will soon
be recognized as having fine manners,
who gives sincere attention to the
rules for conduct found in the Bible.
Let US note a few of the excellent pre-
cepts which faithfully observed, will
lead to fine manners.
/. The root and source Of all true
politeness must first be understood
Real cultivation begins with "clean
heart Psalm $50 and Luke 6:45,
first clause. are plain rules on this
point.
?. As to dress.-An excellent rule to
regulate the whole matter is found in
/ Cor. 14:40. To avoid awkwardness
on account OF nervous feelings about
our apparel, one should observe the
rule found in Matt. 6:2s-2s. Caution
against an exceedingly bad habit in
reference to ones personal appearance
is given in Matt. 1895, first clause in
reference to young men, the thing
which is to make them noticeable is
shown to be something else than fine
fashionable clothes, by Prov 20:29
first clause. And for young ladies'
the whole summary as to adornment
IL found in / Peter 3:3-4
s. AS to conversation--when In
company with older persons. remem-
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08

(3) Yes. "a Roses would be pretty,
The bridesmaid may carry roses, too
but they should be of a different color
from those carried by the bride. If
she carries white roses, they might
carry pink ones.
Dear Mrs. Thompson: Knowing you
have given good advice to others I
would like to receive a little myself.
L am a young man, age twenty-five,
with best of habits. 1 have got a
fairly good position, the salary of
which is $50. Now Mrs. Thompson, l
am not a young man who Is used to
carousing around and I would like to
settle down and place little girl by a
gas stove in the kitchen to cook meals
for life. What / want to know is SIM
ply this: Do you think I could keep a
wife on the amount? I am going with
one of the sweetest little girls in the
country. We are not even engaged. l
do not know whether she cares for me
or not, although whenever I call her up
and ask her to go to the theater or any
place she always goes. In fact, 1 know
of several times she has turned other
engagements down and even asks me
over evenings. Do you think this little
lady cares a rap for me when she turns
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08

Der Job. 32:7. In reference to polite
ness, and grace of listening in con-
nectfon with conversation, see Prov
Is: Is. Conversation Is sometimes diff
ferent from mere chit-chat and gos-
sip according to the Bible Rules
which relate to its true purposes of
instruction, Improvement and pleasure,
are found in Prov. LIS, Job 6:25, Prov.
1928, Prov. 1874. The politeness of
silence is commended. and its dis
cret1on shown, in Prov. 1873; Prov.
21:23; and Job. 1875. Carefulness in
conversation is to be cultivated; Prov.
1921 and Matt 1887. Good temper in
conversation is the mark of polite
manners, Prov ISL. And as to the
way one should do when insulted or
snubbed, see Prov. 1911.
4. Evidence Of the highest polish in
a young persons manners are found
in the way of acting toward superiors.
The Bible rules are imperative here.
In reference to parents, there no ex-
ception to the rule in Elk. 20:12. The
respect for age. is seen in the rule
found in Lev. 1892. Manners toward
employers, are taught in l Tim. 81.
8. True politeness never puts on
different ways toward interiors in So
cial life. The rule is given in Eph.
60.
s. As a concluding general rule to
apply to all cases, and under all cir
cumstances which, if followed, will
make one perfect gentlemen or a
perfect lady, observe the direction in
Matt Z.12--S s. World-
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08
TWO BOYS WILL
60 TO FEDERAL
REFORM SCHOOL
DUNCAN COOK AND BURRELL
NORWOOD SENTENCED TO TWO
YEARS IN THAT INSTITUTION
BY JUDGE SHEPPARD YEsTER-
DAY,

Duncan Cook and Burrell Norwood,
white boys, charged with breaking into
the postoffice at Chumu okla with intent
TO commit larceny, were yesterday sem
fenced by Judge William b. Sheppard
III the United States court to serve two
years in the reform school at Wash
ington, ID. G. Norwood pleaded guilty,
but Cook was found guilty by a jury.
The grand jury made its final pre-
sentiment TO the court yesterday and
was discharged. The presentment rem
dered thanks to the board Of county
commissioners for allowin, the session
Of the court to be held in the county
Jail building on account Of an addition
being made to the custom house.
The jury also complimented United
States District Attorney j.. G. Cubberly,
whose term has expired, upon the cap
aole manner in which he has conduct
ed the affairs Of that office. MIR. Cub
berly viii be succeeded by J. q. Love,
of Quincy.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08

the other friends of hers down for my
company, or does she want all the
good times I show her? 1 think so
much of her would lay down my life
for her. I am a young man that has
not had much joy during my life and
since I met this little girl everything
has been different. Would you ad-
wise my writing her a letter telling her
how much I think of her and asking
her to become my wife, or speak to
he rsome evening? I am of excellent
character. 1 don't want you to think
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08
Heart and Home
n II BY Mrs.
Tr0Hf0777 AZ Elizabeth
Thompson.

Dear Mrs. Thompson: (1) When 60
ing to get our marriage license who
should accompany US? CD When GO
must walk with the bride-the groom
or the best man? CD Is it nice to wear
gloves in getting married? (4) What
flowers must the bride carry? Are
roses good? Also what flowers for the
bridesmaid to carry?
RICH GIRL AND. STAR LIGHT.
Cd Take two witnesses with you
relatives or friends. CD The brides
father or the man who gives her away.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08
ANXIOUS ART.

You're right, cart" Go in and win.
Tell her what you've told me, and If
she thinks as much of you as I Judge
she does, from her actions, she'll put
up her pretty lips for your engage
ment kiss. Ninety dollars a month
isn't a whole lot, but if you are both
sensible and both willing to sacrifice
some personal comforts, you can get
along nicely.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08

If you miss your paper,
phone (1500) before ten
o'clock, and one will be de-
livered you by special carrier.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1913-06-08

I am pinning roses on myself, but I
am known by practically every one in
the city.
Duncan Arizonian., 1913-04-30
Representing State Normal

Professor FELTON,. teacher of
English in the State Normal at
Tempe, was in Duncan Friday in
the interests of the school ne rep
resents. Professor FELTON, states
that the young people Of Duncan.
who arg attending the Normal
are ably representing their par
ents and Duncan. The whole coun-
.ty-of Greenlee has a very cry good
representation there. This insti-
tuition is deserving of the unlimit-
ed support Of every citizen Of
Arizona The influence this
school will have upon; the destiny
Of Arizona is past knowledge.
The views Of life gained there
by the young people of the state,
will inanle sgrsbIy affect Their
after lives and lives of all with
whom they are associated.