davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
w EIJGENIC Principles Produced ONE GENIUS

William Ramsey particularly happy in that his
mental endowments had been unified for him before his
birth The drift towards chemical genius was in him
overwhelming. and there conflict in him the
energy which other individuals forced to e1pend in
harmonizng their mental traits free to be utilized
in his creative lifework
A celebrated German, Professor Rohleder. recently
went far to state that he believed that marriages
close blood relatives, sisters and brothers,
were by injurious to the race and not to be
discounenanced by law, long neither individual
abnorI al suffered from congenita disease
Roheder based this extraordinary belief
the principle of eugencs, which teaches that double
dose Of any mental trait will produce unusual efficiency
in that particular regard Thus family OF unusual
musical attachments. which, however has produced
genius could according to Professor Roheder, DELHI
eratey breed genius to perpetuate the family name
by allowing first cousins, uncle and niece, even
brother and sister to mate.
Happily, unhappily religious teaching, well as
the law of all civilized countries discountenances mar
riages between the nearest blood relatives such as
brother and sister. father and daughter. In ancient
Egypt the ruling Ptoemys practised these marriages.
they considered fit marry with their princes
but princesses Of the same blood But the Romans even
when the decline OF the Empire had begun, and morals
decadent refused TO tolerate marriage OF this
sort.
1t is gratifying those who would not like to have
this long established custom overthrown 10 find genius
like Sir William Ramsey produced from line OF descent
in which there marriages between close blood
relatives.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
Fresh GRAPES All the Time

TT seems likely that we shall soon
be able to have fresh grapes TO
4 eat whenever We feel an appetite
for them. At present the season for
enjoying this healthful fruit is limited
to the Fall and early Winter, but as
result Of a new method of storing
them now being tried in Holland 1t
can be extended over the entire year.
This method consists first in cutting
off the grapes so that each bunch will
have long stalk. The end Of the
stalk Of each separate bunch NJ
grapes is then inserted into the neck
of small glass vial which is iilled
with water The Walls are placed on
wooden shelves in 4 cold storage
chamber, where the temperature Is
, kept at 351a degrees or just above
the freezing point.
In Amsterdam recently 800 pounds
of BLACK Alicante grapes Were
stored in this way, and after three
months it was found that they had
suffered loss Of only one per cent.
The berries were as firm and luscious
as the day they were taken from the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

that he had to be frsclass chemist, in ADDITION 10
being physician. Thus, virtually ideal condition for
the operation of eugenic principles was established in
Ramseys ancestry
Cation, who is the classic writer inheritance. has
shown stastically that efficiency above the aver
age. but not amounting to genius, occurring in one
family through generations is bound sooner
later suddenly efloresce in one supreme genius
OF course If the efficiency OF that family is continually
reinforced by intermarriage with similarly vigorous
blood that to say with blood having the same mental
efficiency the genius when he finally arrives. is bound
be veritable colossus Such was William Ramsey
AS Professor OSWALD points Ranseys work is not
isolated work two three marvellous dis
coveries but uninterrupted chain of brilliant addl-
lions science any one OF which would have been
sufficient hallmark any man as n genius.
Mende and lie Nries have demonstrated, the char-
acter of every human being is mosaic of inherited
traits. almost all individuals there is continual
conflict because the various traits inherited clash with
each other, and adolescence is reached manhood at
passed before the man has succeeded
harmonZing the various tendencies that are strug-
Cling in him for supremacy. Versatility In efficiency is
thus be deplored. The man who has an inordinate
love both medicine and music either OF which re-
Quires the entire time and attention OF an individual
who desires achievement in It's realm is really ptabe
He take medicine, but the hankeTng
music will be difficult to subdue, and music which
10 average professional is merely relaxation
seriously disturbing factor In this hypo
thetical
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
How We Breathe the SAME AIR Over and Over Again

r f you breathe through your nose you never
I'LL your lungs with entirely fresh air No
d. matter where YOU are or what you are doing,
from one to ten per cent OF the air you breathe
Is air that you have breathed at least once
before. But this holds true only II you breathe
through your nose: IL YOU mouth breather
there is little reins riration.
person remaining quiet and indoors is con
santly rebreathing from one to two per cent Of
his own expired breath. When lying in bed the
amount OF air rebreathed rises to from four TO
ten per cent. depending on the position in which
you lie.
Even sleeping in the open air does not insure
us wholly pure air supply. according to Pro
fessor Thomas r. Crowder. The same influences
prevail there and produce the same relative
results that they do inside The person who
cuddles his head between pillow and bedcothes
for the sake OF warmth must inevitably
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28


w beginning to find out that they have
at their command a wide variety OF distinct
vocal sounds which express their thoughts
as completely and often much more concisely
than human beings with their elaborate
yocabularies.
Two English scientists have found that the
hen is able to utter al least twenty-three diff
ferent notes or cries, each OF which conveys
a distinct meaning. Many other sounds
which the hen continually uses have been
observed but not yet classified explained
This is quite remarkable. for the hen has
never been noted for It's intelligence AS
demonstration undoubtedly diminishes
fowls alertness and resources, it seems likely
that wild birds have a much larger vocab-
ulary than the barnyard varieties
The way animals communicate ideas to
one another is quite different from our own.
Our words mostly define objective things or
actions-the sun" man 10 eat and so
forth. 1t is only by more or less lengthy and
complicated combinations OF these words that
we can express our feelings.
Animals, however. express their subjective
feelings directly by their cries. Their
language Is a language of the emotions and
they convey their joys and sorrows and fears
to one another with extraordinary rapidty
and distinctness human being would have
to utter a good many words to convey the
same idea Of contentment which a cat gives
to other cats in single purring note
An animals cries sometimes indicate an
objective thing, but only in secondary ant
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

breathe larger percentage of air than others
The old air which We are constantly re-inhal-
ing is not all air that has already been in our
lungs. A good deal of it Is air which never went
any further than our nasal passages and
bronchial tubes-the socalled "deadspace" air.
These newly discovered facts have impor-
tant bearing on the subject Of ventilation. Since
even under the most favorable conditions We
cannot avoid drawing back into the lungs some
OF the air that has just passed out OF them, not
much Importance can be attached to a slight in
crease in the amount OF carbonic acid gas in the
air OF rooms. A little deeper breathing seems
TO be the only effect this have on us
These facts also furnish additional evidence
against the theory that efficient ventilation con
sists Of the chemical purity of the air
in its freedom from "a toxic organic
substance Even a poisonous pro.
TEN substance present in the expired {
air--a fact no experimental has yet been 5
able TO demonstrating human organism
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

squeal and crouches immedi-
ately in the grass she says
as clearly as words could do:
There is hawk just over
head" You often hear a hen
utter this cry, and instantly
her young chicks will rush in
all directions and hide them
selves motioniess in the
grass. Sometimes there may
be nc voice or cry at all
the hen will simply crouch
down-and with the same re-
suits; the chicks hide them
selves, we'll knowing what
she means.
All the sounds animals
make = cackling. clucking.
grooming, purring, Growing
and many others that have
to be described rather than
named-have definite mean
ings and, with the character
istic movements that often
accompany them, go to make
up the language of the ami
NAL world.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

Flat Foot Is Due to the Legs Being
Rotated, so That Straight Line
Drawn from the Middle Of the
Knee Cap Down the Crest of the
Shin Bone Meets the Foot on the
Great Toe or Inside II (A), Instead
of on the Second Toe or Between
the Second and Third Toes (B),
as 1t Does in the Normal Person.
The attitude of patient with fat
feet is so characteristic that when
once observed the disease will be
recognized. The exaggerated turn
ing out Of the feet and the slouchy
gait are marked evidences. Even
when the worn shoes Of a flat-footed
patient are examined the diagnosis
can easily be made. They are usual
ly bulged inward at the arch or worn
away on the inner side OF the sole.
Then one should observe the bare
feet. with particular attention paid
to the line of strain or leverage. A
straight line drawn from the crest OF
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

l. While resting the feet on the heels
hold them parallel with the toes
turned slightly inward Bend the toes
back and forth ten to fifteen times.
. Keeping the feet parallel and heels
slightly off the grouL all the time. walk
slowly around the room on the toes for
three to five minutes.
3. With the feet turned slightly inward
slowly rise on the toes and lower the
heels gradually to the ground ten to
fifteen times.
l. Keeping the feet parallel and heels
slightly off the ground all the time, walk
slowly around the room on the toes for
three to five minutes.
o. Standing upright. with toes turned
slightly inward, lift the heels one
inch of the ground, then raise them
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

under everyday conditions is apparently we'll
able to adjust itself to the reinhalation of this
hypothetic substance, since considerable guam
tity of the expired air is always taken back into
the lungs
The failure OF many expensive ventilation sys-
tens TO confer the comfort expected from them
has been due to neglect of such facts those
which Professor Crowder points out. The at
tempts to renew" the air BY dispacing certain
volume at regular intervals were primarily based
the theory that good ventilation due
10 freedom from the chemical constituents of
expired air We now know that this practice
did not achieve the end aimed at because the
essential factors in good ventilation not
freedom from carbon dioxid from mythical
organic poison but are GOODNESS, dryness and
motion
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

fulgrown dog and studied the animal closely
for the remainder OF its life. The removal Of
its brain made the dog apparently blind. ana
it was unable to seek it's food or to recognize
its master or companions. III all other
spects however, it acted quite like any nor
NAL dog. 1t showed keen discrimination in
It's choice OF food, barked in response to an
unusual noise or light, moved about spon-
taneously and aiternated its periods Of sleep
and wakefulness in the usual way.
Scientists never had any lengthy oppor-
tunity Of observing human being under sim
liar conditions until in Vienna recently a
baby was born and lived four years without
a BRAIN Except for this lack the baby was
,r Company. Great Britain Rights Reserved
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

the shinbone from the middle OF kneecap and
tinued the foot should normally meet the interval
between the second and third toes the middle OF the
second toe; IL the line falls inside Of the great
shows that the foot is working at disadvantage
and Is turned out.
Flat feet are result of general debility and It Is
therefore rational that the general health should be
maintained Build up the body by plenty Of good,
nourshng food and fresh air. Secondly, fiat feet
and the weight and strain to which it is subjected In
order remedy this difficulty should take not
to overburden. to speak, his feet TO give them
proper rest. When has occupation that compels
him to stand his feet great deal 1t is certainly
cevable that minutes rest every hour by sitting
down will give fair chance to the tired muscles to
In of temporary disproportion after
hausting disease 1t is we'll to rest frequently
When the muscles and ligaments are stretched and
the bones forming the arch disodged. cannot
pec the arch by wearing the shoes with the
arch supporters the shoes made scientfcal
y correct they cannot the foot The shoe dealer
being sell the shoes in large quantities.
shoes with high heels, tips and buttoned He
expects that because he has little stiffened leather
inside these shoes will such prolonged and
neglected condition but this ls foollshness
Before speaking about support to keep the arch
we remember: First. the aim should be to
strengthen weak structures and simply to give
the symptoms temporary relief second rigid arch sup
porter for several months, while relieving the
symptoms in the majority of cases weakens the loot
and tends make the dependent upon 1t; third,
the prolonged OF rigid supports Is. In general un-
II proper treatment s administered at the
proper time.
For strengthening the weakened muscles there is
nothing better than nstructng the patient how to walk
properly exercises daily for fifteen minutes in
the morning and fifteen minutes in the evening. These
exercises for strengthening the weakened struc-
AS for walking, l have mentioned before that
hat-ooted people walk with the toes turned out. The
proper way walk turning the toes inward in the
position commonly known as pigeon toe This mode
of walking the inner muscles OF the arch TO WORK
at greater advantage.
For foot gymnastics the following exercises arc rec
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

rapidly to two inches the ground. then lower them
rapidly to original position. but inch from
the floor. The movement must be rapid enough to jog
the body up and down---ifteen to twenty-five times.
g. Placing the feet in position where the toes OF
both feet turned inward pigeon toes), raise the
body the the extreme limit. the limbs being
fully extended at the knees: then sink slowly down
resting the weight the outer borders OF the foot
Z. Using several sizes OF marbles. pick them from
the floor with your toes aud place them in small
basin. At first only small marbles thus DO seized,
but gradually larger sizes may he used The number
marbles picked up will also be Increased during the
practice.
In many instances tho simple treatment outlined is
sufficient But if the patient is too young to follow
the exercises If the fiat foot is far advanced and
moved easily. other must be resorted
to- Tor young children. ono must raise the inner
border of sole and heel by one-quarter OF an inch
santing the middle OF the sole where it Is merged
into the sole.
For stiff feet one should use strappings for while
loosen the stifened muscles, then properly fitted
supports. The strappings are usually OF adhesive
plaster placed in such manner TO raise the inner
dinary fiat foot and sold in the shoe
stores do fulfill the requirements. They are usu-
ally i'll fitting and often of such length and shape as to
splint the foot and thus restrict its motions
support is to be used 1t should be properly made
from plaster cast of the foot taken In the position
in which one wishes support 1t. When this is
quired, it is advisable to consult physician who is
in this line. Every physician specializing in
orthopedcs certain plate which in his opinion
purpose excellently and there is need OF
mentioning the of some of these plates or sup
porters. If the supporter is properly made 1T VIII
the arch in six to twelve months and no more
support will be necessary
AS to proper shoe should be constructed: The
object of the shoe is to and protect the foot and
must therefore correspond exactly to the shape or
the foot be straight along the inner border to
follow line OF the big toe and it should not
be pointed at the end most of the shoes are for this
congresses the big toe and causes bunions 1t must
have wide outward sweep. as to avoid compression
OF the outward border Of the foot
The object of the heel is to make walking easter by
inclining the body somewhat forward The high mar
heel is insecure support which induces deforn-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
Why Child with NO BRAIN Knows LESS Than Brainless DOG

quite like other babies. It's body was we'll
formed. and tho lower part OF It's central
nervous system was a fairly normal struc-
ture. 1t finally died Of tuberculosis OF the
lungs The autopsy revealed that the space
in its skull where the brain should have been
was filled with membranous bag containing
q watery fluid.
Quite different from the dogs healthy and
apparently happy life without brain. this
brainless baby's existence was living death
From its birth 1t never gave one sign of
being conscious of it's existence except for
the primitive act OF sucking itg food. II lay
continually In a motionless stupor, from
which 1t could BIO reused only by sharp irri.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
Small Chance OF Being Killed ON Train

way journey in the United States rs
thirty-four miles. The record Of
fatal accidents shows that on the
average 2,275.122 such journeys arc
taken in safety to each one which
results in killing a passenger.
II man were to start riding out
these 2,27o.l22 safe Journeys at the
rate of two per day for each bust
ness day in tho year. 1t would take
him 1892 years to complete this
amount Of railroad travel. TO have
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

tation of the flesh, and these waking periods
never lasted more than few minutes. Like
the dog, it was apparently blind, but, Unlike
the dog it never showed any reaction TO the
world around il.
The reason why dog should suffer the
loss OF its brain much less than child is
that every point on the sensory surface OF its
body is little nervous system In itself.
capable of reacting to certain sensations
without calling to its aid the brain cener..
The child, on the other hand. is helpless
without its brain, because mans evolution OF
a higher type of nervous system has concen-
trated there The controlling power OF all
thought and action.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

HAILWAY travel in the United
States is not 50 dangerous to
a life rs the frequent disasters
on the New Haven and other roads
might lead us to believe. The num-
Der OF passengers killed annually
shrnks into insignitcance by com
parison with the number who are
carried over the roads in safety.
\ New York mathematician esti-
mates the average length Of rail
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

ffT~VEN a dog would know more than
~F that is what We frequently say in
AA an extravagant way Of some par
ticularly senseless action. and now science
has proved that the remark embodies great
deal more truth than we realized. Observa-
tions recently made of a child who lived four
years without brain have been compared
with the results OF Professor Goltz's remark
able study OF branless dog. The compari
son shows that dog with no brain is far
better able to take care of himself than a
human being who is similarly handicapped.
Professor Goltz removed the brain from n
conyrioht 1919 nv no
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
Things We All
Should Know
About Our
FEET
By SAMUEL W. BOORSTEIN, MID.

OF the MonteHore Hospital and Vanderbilt Clinic N. Y.
m su; sa IS the
case, and you cannot be sure that your feet
not fiat just because there is room to put your
fingers underneath the arches.
This very deformity results from the legs
being rotated SO that foot is turned Of its
NAL position and is therefore obliged to work at dis
advantage 1t ia due mainly TO undue strain Of the
muscles which normally form the arch Of the foot AM:
body may become deformed in this way. but persons
engaged occupations which require long standing in
one position are peculiarly liable TO be.
Since the patient stands all the time in posture,
the muscles and igaments the inner side Of the foot
which keep the bones forming the arch in right position
slowly give way and finally the bones OF the arch
lowered and the foot becomes completely fiat The
muscles unable to uphold the arch.
Flat feet may also be due injury may be
simply one indication Of general bodily weakness.
One Of the most common contributing is the
wearing of shoes that do conform to the lines OF
normal feet The foot should be forced to fit the
shoe. Under improper shoes especially be put
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28
The Way DUMB ANIMALS TALK

not very definite way. A cats splitting for
example, does not always indicate the pres.
ence OF dog. for the fear and anger which
this sound expresses may be due to some
entirely different cause. The peculiar low
note which a sentinel crow gives to warn
flock Of crows OF danger has nothing in it 10
indicate whether that danger is a man with
a gun or merely hawk.
To make up for this deficiency in their
language. animals often combine with thei,
cries movements which help TO make their
meaning palmer When a hen utters quick
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

begun riding so that he would meet
his death in railroad accident dur
ing the present year he would have
had to begin his trips more than
1900 years before the Christian era
AS fatal railroad accidents are
fewer in England Germany and
other countries than here, the show
ing becomes all the moro favorable
to the safety of railroad travel when
the whole world is taken into con-
sidcration. rather than the United
States alone
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

ROFESSOR WILHELM OSWALD, who received
r of the Nobel prizes few years points
out Sir William Ramsey, the famous English
physicist and chemist, ideal living example or
what be accomplished by the principles which
eugenics is based in fostering and bringing to ultimate
perfection certain mental traits
On the male sde there generations of
descent in the male line through generations OF
who efficient chemists On the female side
there number OF physicians OF unusual endow
ments The physician Of to-day has a theoretical
knowledge of chemistry but the practitioner of earlier
almost invariably dispensed his medicines
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1913-12-28

ity by throwing more strain upon tho
forefoot and pushing it forward into the
narrowest part Of the shoe.
The sole should be thick enough for
protection 1t should be fiat from end to
end and from side to side. The heel
should be broad aud low The heel is
unnecessary in childhood and should not
be worn.
Although of less Importance than the
shoes, socks require special attention in
the case of children, because they are
often factor in causing deformity.
They are frequently too short and too
narrow, and made of unyielding ma
terlal, so that the proper action Of the
toes Is easily strained.
It is therefore advisable that socks
should be large and of yielding ma
taria1