The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-06-05
SCRAP BOOK FOR TO-DAY

e The drsAsEuccezzfu1 elevated railway ! in the Ewnrldsawas opened in Sixth ave nue.- nSew York, thirty-hve years ago todaE Ths Following August the Third avennsa ains was opened, and ele- vated lines. were afterward built in Second axrdf DT1nth avenues. The aver age cost per mile of those lines was s9. O24 zas. eEeazn was long used for motive power. An elevated line was compze4ea4 in. .Coney Island in 1881, and Brooklyn. and Chicago were the next cfties to adopt the system Chicago was the first city to adopt electricity o,1 e5ezafed Hnea The first attempt a1 an, elevated railroad was made In Nsw York in 1s68. It was snort sinrae-traclxa road supported on a sin gle line of iron pillars, and was a com com r,zete failure. The system or eleVat- sr,e 41,e tracAxg.of trunk lines running fhrouzh popuBous cities was first ap- ,,94es in PaaaIadelph4a, and is now a. Ie- ral requirement. in many cities.
 A recent dispatch from L'onoon announced that the great e Herss'1lios heJI scheduled for tonight, was @T,rsa+ened with failure because so ,naT7v society men refused to shave cfT their rnustaches in the interest of historical accuracy@ A poWoereu wig in combination with a musracne' would be a faux pas, a, crime against history. The Upper lip hirsute dec oratfon is certainly becoming more end more popular among Englishmen. ond the task of finding enough clean Ehaven men of social prominence 10 play the chief roles. in the great an easy one.
 The utility and beauty of the beard and rnustache have been dis cussed in all ages Many have urged that they have their function as v1g1- lant sentinel around the mouth, like the Iashes around the eye. Others have denounced the facial groWths as uucleanIy, unsanitary and ugly.
 a@Thou shalt not mar the corners of thy beard,'' was a command of Moses given 4sO B. C.. and for many cen turtles the Jews were a bearded race. The Assyrianss are always pictured with boards, and in all ancient nations except Egypt, the beard was respect ed. The tartars waged a long war against the Persians, declaring them infidels because they would not shave, after the custom of Tartary.
 Adam isf always shown on ancient monuments as wearing mustache and beard Among ancient nations, to rudeIy pull the beard of another was the most deadly of insults. to swear by the beard was the most binding of oaths- [ Among Mos1ems the beard was long { reverenced, and the hairs which came from 1t in combing were carefully preserved and buried. ''The beard of the prophet was the formula of a sa- cred oath The first sultan to en- olov a barber was Seli1n L, who began his rule about four centuries ago, and who declared: 'I have cut off my beard in order that my vizier may have nothing to lead me by
 The Chinese, almost. destitute by nature of beard and nustache. hold their struggling facial adornments in high esteem The. Greeks wore boards until the reign of Alexander the Great, however, and Diogenes was wont to ask the cIean-shaven if they repented of their manhood. The Romans connmenced shaving in the fifth cen kury B. C., and afterward applied the name of s'barbarian'' to persons with boards. Tacitus tells us that the an rient Germans cultivated the beard until they had killed an enemy in battle. Julius Caesar was authority for the staten ent that the early Brit ons were beardlessi but cultivated unustaches with great care.
 English princes were accustomed to wear mustaches until the conquest of
 William r. and counted it a great in dignity that the Conqueror compelled them to shave their upper lips, after he Norman fashion
 The separation of the Greek from The Latin church was followed by revolution in facial toilet. Until then popes. emperors and nobles, and, save In England, the priests, had permit ted the hair of the face to grow. Pope Leo III, was the first to employ a barber and present to astonished Flu rope the spectacle of a shaved Pope. Gregory w. issued a bulletin enjoin- ing penalties upon every bearded priest
 In England, at the time of the res toration of Charles II. luxuriant mus taches were cultivated by the courtiers but boards were tabooed. Peter the Great of Russia, as one of the first measures for the civilization of his people. imposed a heavy tax on
 cards. and finally succeeded in smoothing the faces of all his subjects France inaugurated the last revival of the beard-a revival now entering on the last stage of it's decline in the United States and Canada.