Graham guardian., 1913-02-21

since General George Wash
ington was first elected presi-
dent Of the United States. It
is physical impossibility for any one
| now living to picture the situation OF
the country at that time The consti
tuition had been adopted only after 70,
bust opposition. The colonies had been
depleted by the long years Of the Revo-
luton and had not much recovered un-
der the loose and inadequate articles Of
confederation. While political parties
had not yet had time to form, there
were bitter factoual feuds and person.
al and sectional jealousies.
The 3.0O0.OOO people Of the new na,
ton were. strung along the Atlantic
coast. The railroad and steamship had
not yet been thought of. while the 9th.
er great inventions that have changed
the face of the world were far in the
future. Electricity was but scientific
curiosity. 'The steam engine had been
invented. but was not yet In general
use.
There was no other republic In the
world. The revolution that started one
In France did not open until the fol
lowing year The so called Dutch re
public was ruled by an aristocracy
under hereditary stakeholder. The
Swiss cantons were under loose con.
federation. Not only was the world
without republics. but well nigh with.
out parliaments. Great Britain had
form Of parliamentary government,
but most other nations were absolute
or slightly limited monarchies,
Moreover. there had never been on
earth a. republic such as our forefa.
theirs outlined for US. The so called
Greek and Roman republics were real.
ly oligarchies. the mass Of the popula.
ton being slaves. The Italian repub'
lies were In some instances slight
advance Oh these. but even they fell
far short Of the American ideal. Our
proposed form Of government was
largely an experiment without prece.
dent anywhere in the worlds history.
The division of powers between the
the subdivision into coordinate depart
ments Of executive. legislative and ju'
diciai were new and untried depar,
lures.
1t was an adventure on such an un-
known political SEA that Washington
and the first congress elected with him
were called upon to undertake. There
were still large and influential elements
srumbling about the constitution. One
or two colonies had failed to ratify,
and Rhode Island continued in that
attitude. Washington was unfeigned.
ly reluctant To embark on the task Of
leading the new government He had
retired from public life and had plan.
ned to spend his declining years Oh his
Mount Vernon farm. The people Of
the whole country turned TO him with
one accord. however. and It was i'm.
possible for him to resist
No candidates were nominated for
president ip those days. the presiden-
tial electors being left absolutely free
to choose These electors were chosen
at the same time as the members Of
the new congress at the popular cleo
tion in the fall Of l7SS They after
ward met In their several state capitals
and cast every vote for Washington.
The inaugural ceremonies took place
In New York Congress was slow In
assembling, and by the time II had
quorum to canvass the vote II was
March @. A messenger was immediate
~ dispatched to notify the president
elect Of the vote. and he reached Mount
Vernon on the l4th On the 10th Wash
ington wrote In his diary:
About 10 o'clock | bade adieu to