davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10

largely from the ignorant and Hitter.
ate class of negroes: ignorance and
crime go hand in hand. Educate the
negro, and you lessen crime in his
race; give him something TO think
about higher than his bestial anne
ties, and you eradicate from his ma
ture n very potent impulse to crimi-
nal indulgence. Yes, dare assert that
the education OF the negro would pay
In actual dollars and cents, if YOU
choose to view the matter in this light.
1t may very well be that the negro
child is not fitted for the kind of edu-
cation which is suited to the needs OF
the white child. Perhaps they are
not of the same intellectual capacity.
Personally, 1 am inclined to think
that such Is the case. From the stand
point OF theory much can be said in
support Of such view. The history
or the negro race has been markedly
different from the history Of our own
race. The forefathers of the present
the intellectual discipline that came
to our forefathers through the hard
ships of their sojourn in northern
Germany, through the conquest and
development of the British Isles, and
through the creation, expansion, and
preservation Of the United States of
America: so it would not be Mt all
surprising were the present-day ne.
gro enid inferior, intellectually, to
the present-day white child in the
South. And the facts Of negro cduca-
ton in the South seem to indicate that
there is an intellectual difference be-
tween the two races: the type Of edu-
cation that is suited to the one does
not seem to be the type OF education
which meets the needs of the other.
But surely this is no argument aginst
the education OF the negro. 1t does
not prove him to be hopelessly in
capable of education, nor does 1t prove
that education necessarily makes a
fool of him. 1T only proves that a
special type Of education should be
provided for him. To provide this ed
ucation should not be very dimcult
task; in fact the experiments Of
Booker Washington have already
largely solved the problem.
For the sake OF emphasis permit
me, in conclusion, to put the whole
problem OF compulsory education in
South Carolina, as it appears to me,
in as direct and concise language as
can command. A compulsory cdu-
cation law is no moro antagonistic to
the legitimate freedom of any individ-
ual than is any other justiiablc law;
for freedom is a matter of patriotism.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10

right when they say that a compulsory
education law would rob individuals
OF their freedom, provided they mean
by freedom the tendency towards
Selfishness.
Now these two types of freedom
cannot exist together. They are ia
tally opposed to each other; between
them are irreconcilable conflict. Con
sequently, we must choose between
them. No one who calmly deliberates
upon the matter can long remain
undecided which to choose. Indeed,
If society is to continue to exist there
is only one possible. And that is
the freedom which consists in obe-
dience to law This is the only real
freedom. If we choose the other, then
the whole foundation of our social
fabric is removed.
therefore,, the whole problem OF
compulsory education reduces to this ::
Is 1t a good law? Is it necessary
law? The adjective Compulsory
bothers us no longer, for there is no
question OF real freedom involved.
If the law is a good law, that is, if
it is law that will better social and
political conditions, then we may rest
assured that it's enactment will make
us more, and not less, free in the
truest sense of the word. If the law
Is good law, and If the end aimed at
cannot be attained in better way,
then the law is q necessary law.
That the law is a good law is guar
anteed by the fact that the end to be
attained by it is generally admitted
to be desirable end. So, unless this
end be accomplished in some other
way which is preferable, the law
should be enacted.
But, you object, there Is another
way Of accomplishing the end desired.
And this is by leaving the education
of the children in the hands of their
parents. No one is more interested
in the child than it's own parents :;
they best can care for it's intellectual
training. There is no necessity OF
compelling them by a special act of
legislation to do that which their
natural love for the child and their
inborn interest in it's highest welfare
will lead them to do.
This objection has the merit of be-
ing very pretty sentiment Would
1t were true! If it were true not only
compulsory education law, but all
other laws as well, would soon be
unnecessary. But millennium has
not yet dawned. Human beings are
still fallible and short-sighted; they
are not always able to see what is
their true interest This short sight
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10

edness and dimness of vision Is ne
culiarly marked in connection with
educational matters; the returns OF
education are so subtle that they are
not always visible TO the unaided eye
and 1t is not surprising that many
| parents are hopelessly incapable OF
measuring it's value rightly. If the
| state would take the matter in hand
and tell all parents what to do with
reference to the education of their
children, it would accomplish a two
fofd good. 1t would greatly assist
i those parents who at heart are really
interested in their childrens welfare
Dut who, left to themselves, are noe
capable of seeing what that welfare
truly is, by simply indicating to them
where 1t may be found; and it would
do an incalculable service to those
children who are so unfortunate as to
F. have their potential selves placed at
the tender mercies of thoughtless
and negligent parents whose ideals
and aspirations have not been fired by
the live Goals from the altar Of the
higher and nobler values Of life.
Furthermore, even granting that
the same end could finally be accom-
plished without the aid of the com
pulsory education law, the objection
before us may be attacked from an
other point of view. The end could
be attained in a much shorter time
with the law than without 1t. II
the education of children is left en-
tlrely in the hands OF parents, most
OF us now living shall have long since
passed to that bourne from whence
no traveller returns before the pres
ent educational situation will have
| been greatly improved upon. With
the aid of the law, however, the i'm
provement would undoubtedly be very
marked in a generation, Then why
not have the law? If the goal is as
important as it appears to be. it GER
tainly should be reached as quickly
as possible. Time is. an invaluable
asset OF character. 1t is said that g
farmer, when urged by an agent to
purchase an incubator in order to
have time in raising his chickens, re-
marked, what in the name OF COM
nonsense is a hens time worth ??
Not anything perhaps. But the time
which marks the life of human be-
ing is of inestimabe value, at any
rate from the point of view of the
individual in question; and it should
be redeemed
Another objection that is sometimes
raised against the system of compul-
sorry education in South Carolina re-
fers to local conditions. Many are
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10

willing to admit that compulsory edu-
cation is a good law in the New Eng
iand states, for example, but they
argue that the conditions in South
Carolina make Il impracticable here.
me difficulty, of course, arises in
connection with the presence of the
negro in the state in such large num-
bers. If the compulsory education
law were enacted in South Carolina.
1T is said, the law would apply to
negro children as well as to white
children. But this would be disas..
trous. Negro children should not be
educated, because when you educate
negro you spoil him. Such Is the
objection.
1t will be impossible to enter here
into an exhaustive discussion Of this
objection to the system Of compulsory
education in South Carolina. The
limits of space will permit only a
general statement concerning it's
weakness.
If my reader does not hold the con-
viction that education Is not good for
the negro, doubtless there are some
among his acquaintances who do. I
was once Of this opinion myself And
the sole basis for it, in my own case.
was vast amount of prejudice boil
stored up by an acquaintance with
three negro men who had been made
contemplate by n smattering of So
called higher education. And / dare
say that practically all OF those who
have this view can find no better basis
for 1t in their own experience. If we
put prejudice aside for the moment
and calmly ask ourselves why educa-
ton should not be a good thing for
negro child If it is a good thing for
white child, can we honestly find
an answer? There is no virtue in ig-
norance as such; ignorance is a
weakness. Then why should we in
sist that the negro should be kept
ignorant? If intellectual training is,
on the whole, advantageous to the
white race of rational creatures, it
is, on the whole and for the very
same reason, advantageous for the
red, yellow, and black races Of ra-
tional creatures. Color is no in
superable barrier to the benefits and
advantages Of civilization.
Even laying aside humanitarian con-
siderations and viewing the matter
from purely selfish point OF view, 1t
J is to the advantage Of the whites to
interest themselves in the education
Of the negro. Statistics will doubtless
show that the hordes of law breakers
who people the prisons of the South
and crowd her courts Of justice come
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10

ference whether the criminal is in
Jail or out of it, whether he is in the
clutches Of the law or a fugitive from
justice, he is not a free man. What
we generally mean by freedom
then, is compulsory freedom! The
law-abiding citizen is free: but all
law is compulsory
But there is another type OF free
dom which is quite different without
limitations. 1t is the type of free
dom which manifests itself in the
individual who knows no law and no
restraints, who not only does as he
pleases but pleases as he pleases.
Did you ever have the misfortune to
come into contact with an indvid-
ual who had conceived the idea that
the world owed him living and who
considered himself free to collect the
debt by any means whatsoever? ?
Such an one is free man in his
second meaning of the term freedom.
1t is this conception OF freedom that
motivates the men who shoot up
courts Of justice, wantonly destroy
property, and murder the heads of
nations. This is undoubtedly a type
of freedom, but it is also anarchy
Now in talking about compulsory
education and freedom it is absolute
ly necessary for us to distinguish be-
tween these two types. or the first
type OF freedom compulsory educa-
tion law would in no sense rob us.
1t would, to be sure, put another lin
itation upon our activities: but if it
is a good law it would make us more
free. For freedom, IN this sense, is
defined in terms Of law and orders
consequently, every law is Just q
further definition Of freedom Thus
it happens that all of the talk which
we sometimes hear from our politici-
ans to the effect that compulsory ed
ucation would rob the individual of
his inalienable right to freedom is
wholly without point, provided we
mean by freedom the type Of freedom
that characteristics the law-abiding
citizen of a civilized community.
OF the second type or freedom, how
ever, compulsory education law
would be the irreconcilable foe.
Between them there would be war
to the death. Should such a law be
passed, undoubtedly some individuals
in Laurens county and in the state
Of South Carolina would be compelled
to please to do some things which
they do not please to do; thus they
would not be quite so free as they
now are, compulsory education hav-
ing robbed them of another selfish
interest And so our politicians are
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1913-04-10
For Burns, Bruises and Sores

Tho quickest and surest cure for
burns, bruises, boils, sores, inlam-
nation and all skin diseases in Buck
lens Arnica Salvc. In four days 1t
cured H. III. Haf!in, of Iredell, Tex,
OF sore on his ankle which panied
him so he could hardly walk Should
be in every house. Only 25c Recon-
mended by Laurens Drug Co. and Pal
motto DRUG Co
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03
Charlotte Hall School,
CHARLOTTE HALL,
St. Mary's County, Maryland.
THE next Session begins SEPTEM-
Der 9th. 1912. Board and wash,
= - m k.,ft;-.. ezn :. ....r.

THE next Session begins SEPTEM-
Der 9th. 1912. Board and wash,
: 1.30, tuition $50 year.
''The Keech Scholarship for Charles
county, is now vacant. 1t gives board
and tuition for a term Of years, under
the following requirements:
/. The boy must not be under 49,
nor more than II years old.
2. He must average so per cent. on
his studies and not receive more than
20 dement's q month. under forfeiture
of cholarship.
8. The appointment is to be made
by the Faculty.
Apply to the Principal by August
10th, 1912.
Scholarships of free tuition are al
lowed to pupils from Charles county,
also to those who nave completed the
9th grade in the public schools Of said
county. The appointments will be made
by the following committee of Trustees.
Dr. l.. G. CAkRIco, Bryantown,
pr. p 4. SAsScER, La Plata,
W. T, MCPHERSON, Bryantown,
For further information, address
GEO. nj, THOMAS, A. VI.
Principal.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03
The Baltimore Star
The Leading Evening Paper Of the
South.

South.
The Baltimore Star established August
Il, zoos, by the publisher oiThe Baltl-
more American, has VOL its place as the
representative evening paper of the
South. 1t gives more news and more
reading matter than any other afternoon
paper in Maryland. It is especially rich
in departments-financial, sporting.
society, children, women, aud to these
departments the best writers Of Aaerica
are regular contributors. The Star is
the great home paper, with something
for every member OF the family. 1t is a
cheerful newspaper, with plenty of en-
tertainment. Those who try it keep on
taking it.
The Star is deliberately illustrated. 1t
Is the first photographs of important
raets. Its portraits Of leading men and
lplaHre unequaled.
aaas two great news services,
= to its Offices from ali
The Star has wire
SEES every modern
Re Jeenterprlse to get
gicA
llcser South
,hoifs own,
'~c. dem.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03
WIN. R. CLARK.
FUNERAL DIRECTOR.
La Plata. Nd.

Ny equipments for the business are of
the best, my outfit complete new
lpeaEse and good team.
ed inprepared 20 furnish, on the short
n ,ali styles Of the best grades
q collins.
9ppsasrsOnal attention TO all
he 81 charge, aud will
acyiee
IN the
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03

WILLARD THOMPSON.
T. MURDOCH,
General PASSENGER Agent.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03
Charlotte Hall School,
Charlotte Hall, St Mary's Co.
Md.

Founded ia l774. A high grade
Military Academy.
Thorough instruction in Classical and
Business Courses. Non--Sectarian,
moderate terms, extensive grounds,
steam-heated buildings, abundant sup
ply OF pure water, ideal location.
Scholarships Of free tuition allowed
boys OF St. Mary's and Charles
Counties, who have passed the 9Th.
grade in the public schools and are
otherwise satisfactory.
The distinguished services of his
Institution for more than 4 ceot,ry
msru the liast CONSIDERATION OF Southern
Mar FLANDERS.
The next session beaine Sept. n 1914.
Before deciding On aas osksH school,
c0mmus-ieate with
GEO. NJ THOMAS. A. NJ
1smo PfiasPs
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03
III
BALTIMORE AMERICAN
Established i775
The Daily American



PAPER Published.
ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
Six Months. SO tiauts.
THE 1WICE-A-WEEK AMERICAN
is publ shed in tive issues, Tuesday ant
Friday mornings with the news OF the
week in compact shape Il also con
taits Interesting special CORES ondenct
entertaining romarces, good poetry,
local matter e-nerai interest aud
fl.sh miscellany s. able for the home
circle. A eAtefally edited Agricultural
Department ans full and reliable
Financial and Market Reports are
special features.
See Clubbing arrangements in other
parts of paper
Entered 1.-THE Postoiiice at Baltimore
Nd, as seecnd-class naster, April ~
904.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1913-01-03

=
Mr. SYDNEY 4. MUDD. JR., BFGs
70 ANNOUNCE THAT HE Has
ESTABLISHED AN OFFICE IN THE
COLUMBIAN BUILDING, 4iy SIR
STREET, NORTHWEST, WAsHIS !.
TON. D. G., TO ENGAGE IN -
GENERAL PRACTICE OF Law HkN'
IN THE DISTRICT OF coz
AND THE STAFF OF ~
he WILL VISIT
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10

rates between points in New England.
Ndile somewhat higher in many Instances,
compare favorably with those in trunk
line and central freight association ter.
ritory They are lower than correspond
ing Interstate rates in other parts of the
country, although not so low in some in
stances as the commission made rates
of several States in this outside territory
The long distance rates which New Eng
land enjoys are generally very favorable
to that locality. II should be noted in
this connection that the cost of handling
freight IS greater IN New England than
In trunk line and central freight as.
ISOLATION territory, and. indeed, in most
other parts of the country"
As to passenger fares, It is pointed ont
that 1.-THE published schedule fare in New
England is somewhat higher than in
either trunk line or cclNal freight as
ISOLATION territory" although, many con-
spicuous exceptions to this rule are noted.
1t is shown that practically all of the
passenger business of the New ENGLAND
roads is done under the mileage system
of making rates so that the actual fare
paid by the people ~ New England for
their local transportation by rail is two
cents per mile.
To-day "A passenger can purchase l.
0o0-mile book good to bearer and good
until used upon almost the entire rail-
road mileage of Now England. In no
other section of tho country does an
equal population enjoy this privilege. Tho
average rate per passenger per mile up
on the New York. New Haven 81 Hart
ford in the year 1871 was Los cents up
on the Boston q Maine IN0l, and in the
whole United States 1874"
PASSENGER RATES ARE Low.
Summarizing the passenger fare situ.-
ton in New England, Commiss.on
Trouty says:
ITS passenger fares have been more
fa vorable to the local travelling public
than in any other portion of the Unit j
States. The recent decision of the Unit
States Supreme Court sustaining the sta
utory two-ccnt per mile fares In sevc'M
States Will tend TO make that fare more
general IN the future"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10
BOSTON BUTTER MARKET.

FURNISHED by the Associated Press)
Boston, July ..
BUTTER-Firm. Northern o9i3Oc
western 2S@s4Soc
CHEESE-Dull \. Y. twins l5dl6c;
Vermont twins 49, loo
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10
TARIFF BILL GOES TO PRINTER.

Washington, July 9-rhe final draft OF
the Underwood Simmons tariff bill was
completed tonight by the majority mem
bers Of the finance committee and sent to
the printer
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10

muscovado 304c: molasses sugar . 7oc
refined sugar firm
FOTATOES-Firm' Long Island brl
$l..502l2
CABBAGES-Steady and unchanged.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10
said they did not like farm life and would
not want to live on a farm
CHANGE or SENTIMENT

Mr.. Benson began a campaign for the
rcdirection OF these schools. Under his
leadership the teachers were given bet
ter personal attitude toward the pupils
and their environment. Agriculture and
home science were taught through etfec-
tive correlation. general lessons, and
when possible In regular class work.
After three years of this 'rcdirection" he
sent the same questions to these same
schools with similar Instructions of the
IA boys replying lG2 expressed AN inten-
ton of becoming farmers. OF the l1S
girls answering the questions 1Gl said they
preferred life on the farm. Thus in three
years the attitude Of the pupils toward
rural life was entirely changed. This
work can be done without loss to the
I three RS" Mir. Benson said that 70
per cent. of the children who failed to
pass the Sth grade examinations in
Wright county in 1910 were from schools
whore nothing was done to correlate ag-
riculture and home l!fe studies with
| school work
Miss Jessie Field, superintendent of
Page county, Iowa has done some re-
markably good work in making the rural
schools serve rural interests. First of all
/ she maze n CuInilHlEn lot ptltcT pnA 81 al
conditions. such rs better buildings, sani-
tstion, etc with camera and stcrcopti-
con she showed conditions as they existed
and impressed the people with the need OF
Improvement she gave her teachers 2
! better outlook to rural life and better
appreciation Of their significance Of their
own work. At the beginning OF her sec
ond year of scr, ice seven cf the strongest
teachers in the county refused positions
/ in the city schools Che organized corn
! clubs for tho hoys aud sewing clubs fo'
:he girls A Rabcock milk tester WAS Sc.
cured and leaned 20 schools throughout
/ the county.
!. Mrs Cora Wilson stewart, courtr su-
perintcnAen, OF Rowan county. Ky, the
originator Of the famoG9 moonlight
schools. Is maintaining her record az Il
superintendent through her work in pro-
noting the study OF agriculture and home
life problems IN the rural schools
! Generalization Of schoos and better or
: ganiaa':or are desirable but we must not
wait for them Much can be done by the
j energetic teacher in a small school for
rural uplift ana Improvement The teach
/ cr must have know agriculture and rural
life but ne need not be an expert This
work Is to direct the skin he nnds in his
pupils. and to inspire them with a whole
some love for rural pursuits.
ADDRESS ON LIBRARIES
The morning session was closed by an
address on Rural Libraries" by Miss
! IIehecca w. Wright secretary of the Yer
mont library commission, who spoke az
follows: "The free public library COM
mission Of the State greatly appreciates
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10

If You have "onc-room home Il
rcut To somobodv. toll about Il In
Furnished Rooms al!
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-07-10
Millinery

TRIMMED AND UNTRIN1NED HATS,
Including the "Niniche" ha-one of the latest ideas
from Paris, at extremely low prices
Unframed Taga Hats, formerly $175 TO SO,
priced at 81 90.
Trimmed Tailored Hats, formerly $500, priced
at $500.
Young Girls Dress Hats, formerly $500 to
$500, priced 800 and 400.
Roses, Lilacs, Wisaria, Rosebuds, Fancy
Wreaths and small bouquets, reduced from 35c to 81
to 1Oc to $500
Fancy Feathers, Wings, Bands and Siicl-ups, re-
duced from SOC to 81 So to Csc to $1.5O
Taga and Hair Plaesux reduced from ST so and
So. so, to Use and S. .25.