davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
State Commission Government

Lest you misunderstood US in our
advocacy of the application Of the
commission form to our state govern
ment, let us explain that we are advo.
eating it only SO far as it applies to
the reform of the legislative branch
of the government. We believe heart.
lily in the wisdom of the division of
the legislative, executive and judicial
branches; whatever failure the COM
mission form of government as ap-
piled to our cities has made, has come
from the consolidation of the admin
istrative and councilmanic duties and
powers.
We are seeking the substitution of
efficiency, directness, economy and
facility of action for incompetency, in
efficiency and expense of the present
legislative system. We believe that
this can be accomplished by the
adoption of a legislative commission
Of Is members instead Of the two
house system of large membership.
meeting . at more frequent intervals
and giving closer study to present
and past legislation before determin-
ing that needed in the future.
We believe the adoption of such
a commission will remedy most Of
the abuses which which the state is
CT, fv,r ton n.
ard.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
The New Tariff.

The total effect of the new tariff
upon your cost of living will be
small, and such effect as it does ul-
timately have will appear gradually.
Wooden goods, for example, should
be somewhat cheaper; but only a
small part of your income goes for
wool. To the ordinary family rent
and food are two of the largest items.
Rent certainly will be as high as ever
and sugar is the only food article
likely to be affected.
Why so great an effort for so small
tangible result? you ask. Well. the
railroads might double freight rates
on almost all manufactured goods
without affecting your cost of living
very much. AS they eloquently point
out, the freight charge amounts to
only three or four cents on a pair
of shoes, only dime or so on a coat
only fraction of cent on pound
of sugar or -four. But doubling those
rates on the enormous quantity of
goods they haul would give them a
great profit, to which they are not
entitled. 1t would not hurt you much
if some one robbed you of quarter
every week; but is some one robbed
everybody of a quarter every week
he could soon buy the country.
The best thing about this new tar
if is that it squarely challenges a
condition which has flourished prac-
tically without interruption and with
out effective challenge for half
century. Unless we have incredibly
bad luck it will presently be demon
strated that the country can prosper
without taxing all the people for the
benefit Of a few.-Saturday Evening
Post.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
Steam Roller and High Taxes.

One salient factor in the high rate
of taxation prevailing in the state
this year is the price which the peo-
pie are asked to pay for the mainten-
ance of the legislative steam roller
at Olympia.
For two consecutive sessions a
small coterie of republicans-and in
the main they are men of honor and
sense of public duty-have con-
trolled legislation at Olympia. In or
der to maintain this control an in
credibly complex system of interdis-
trict commerce has been in force. By
this is meant not exactly vote buy
ing, but an exchange of legislative
sugar that works out something like
this:
The candidates for speaker plaster
their campaigns with promises of
committeeships. To the apparent
head of an important delegation like
Spokane's or Seattle's ,certain chair
manships are promised, not always
on merit, but invariably on efficiency.
If it is impossible to line up the Muir
phines and the Corkerys of a pro-
gressive delegation the keen edge Of
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

the ak is shown them as an object
lesson. Later they are privileged to
hear the steam roller foot.
The speaker, absolutely the most
influential and powerful individual in
the state during legislative session,
goes to the desk, therefore, with a
largely prearranged program and
with a pledged coterie of statesmen
who will do his will most of the
time. In fact, for two biennial SEES
sions the speaker has never made a
direct. personal appeal to the legisla-
ture without securing what he asked
for.
To keep his amicable machine
going well. however, the pork barrel
system prevails. A bridge here. =
public institution there, fat slice
of highway money or an appropria-
ton for a pet plan or system must
be parceled out with slight regard
for their public necessity in order
to rally majority support in emer-
gencies. Here and not elsewhere
comes the almost incredible increase
in the budgets.
Meanwhile the minority. democrats,
progressives or whatever they may
be, have had set of rules forced
down their threats beside which the
Reed rules are democratic and liber-
al. These rules make the speaker
committee on rules the final arbiter
of bills. The daily calendar shows
bills which may come out for dis
cussion and passage; all others are
pigeonholed.
It is true that an appeal from the
speaker and a two-third vote theor-
etically will bring all bill out of
committee, but such appeals are in
variably voted down and the steam
roller goes on its way. Discipline,
therefore, is very effectually main
tanned, but the voter pays the price.
Spokane Spokesman-Review.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Guide Walls Pedro Miguel Lock.
form under the constant dumping Of
rock and earth from the Culebra cut.
On Nov. 20. 1908. toe of the great
dam slipped where the dam intersect-
ed the old French canal channel. carry
ing about 200 feet Of the structure
away. The hostile press and those
who had consistently opposed a dam
at Gatun Immediately raised storm
Of criticism against the stability Of the
proposed artificial mountain. The old
wound, caused from the battle of the
levels, was reopened. and so violent was
the outburst that President Roosevelt
took characteristic step to quiet the
issue.
He asked President Elect Taft to 60
to the isthmus. accompanied by Fred
eric F. Stearns. Arthur +. Davis, Henry
A. Allen. James D. Schuyler. Isham
Randolph, John r. Freeman and Allen
Hazen. all eminent engineers, to make
an investigation. The report made on
Feb. 16. 1909. completely indicated
the plan for dam at Gatun with the
statement that If any error had been
made it was on the side Of precaution.
They found the dam started along
lines so excessively stable that they
recommended that the height be cut
from 1876 feet above sea level to lis
feet. which would still leave the top Of
the dam thirty feet above the level of
Gatun lake.
The six years from Jan. l. 1907, to
Jan. /. 1918. constitute the main con-
struction period Of the Panama canal.
Colonel Cocktails has been chief engi-
neer all but three months Of that time.
Steadily. foot by foot. the walls of the
locks crept up and the bottom of the
Culebra cut went down. BY October.
1908, the preparatory work. substan-
TALLY accomplished by Mr. Stevens.
passed its highest point. and all ener-
gies were centered on the work Of con-
struction. Quarters. municipal work.
rOadmaking. subsistence and commits
sary were solved problems. and the
NO Help Wanted" sign was displayed.
the labor problem. too. being substan-
tally worked out.
Sixty-three steam shovels in 1907
were Increased to 100: the mileage in
the canal zone was increased from lS5
to about 800 miles for the Panama rail-
road and commission tracks; the num-
u,.' of unloaders. bank spreaders. track
shutters and pile drivers was Increased
from third to three times the num-
Der left by Mr.. Stevens: twenty
dredges were put in service. besides
much other machinery and equipment
not so noteworthy. Practically all re-
pairs and creative mechanical work
We're concentrated in the Gorgona and
Empire shops. with capacities COM
mensurate with the equipment. The
date when the equipment reached
maximum is fixed by Colonel Goethals
as July |, 1910. About 100000 tons of
coal and 100000 barrels Of oil nave
been used annually.
Dredging had progresss. in the Pa
cific entrance to point where five
miles of the canal could be opened to
navigation on Feb |. 1909. The New
port and San Jose of the Pacific Mail
fleet. of American register. We're the
first ships to 80 through.
Columbus had been honored by nam.
ing Colon and Cristobal for him at
the Atlantic entrance 81 the canal. and
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

On Aug. "a. 1909. the first concrete
was laid In the Gatun lock site. Ro;k
Of a desirable kind for use in making
the concrete as we'll as sand could not
be found in the canal zone. ana expert
ments along the coast showed that at
Porto Bello. twenty miles east of
Colon. good rock could he quarripd.
and sand was discovered in suitable
quantities and quality ut Nombre de
Dios. forty miles east of Colon These
two places are the oldest on the 18TH
mus. Columbus having been there in
1902
Rock crushing began ut Porto Bello
on March 2. 1909. II ali the rock and
sand removed from Porto Rello and
Nombre de Dios were placed in barges
separated by the usual distances In a
tow they would reach from Colon to
New Orleans. or 1900 miles. This ma.
terial was towed to Colon and thence
through the old French canal to
Gatun. Here it was unloaded by ma
chinery and stored conveniently for
the concrete mixing plant
All the machinery and equipment for
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
CnAPTER X.
Goethais a Great Administrator.

\" EGINNING July l. 1908. Colo
mel Goethals initiated changes
in the organization. which was
to be the final one for the ca
nal The department of engineering
and construction was divided into
three grand divisions. to be known as
the Atlantic. central and Pacific. IN
the central division the main eXcava.
ton of the canal has been made. as the
mountain chain had to be pierced With
a cut, the bottom Of which would be
only forty feet above sea level. neces-
stating digging down from the high
est point on the surface. depth Of
272 feet, between Gold and Contrac-
tors hills.
The equanimity with which Colonel
Cocktails has met every unexpected de-
velopment in the construction work Is
a distinguishing feature Of the mans
mental processes II he ever has for
one moment entertained the shadow of
a doubt of the success of the lock type
canal he has not allowed his fears to
be manifested. The slides. the slip in
the Gatun dam. the volcanic evidences
in the Culebra cut. the cracks in the
lock walls. earthquake disturbances
and host of lesser troubles have not
shaken his faith.
The mammoth Gatun dam had been
begun in' 1906 and by 1908 was taking
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

higher tribute that can be paid to him
than the statement that in five months
in the canal zone he never heard any
one speak slurringly Of the chief engi-
neer.
AS Admiral Schley said Of the con-
troversy over the battle Of Santiago,
"There Is honor enough for us ALL" SO
with regard to the Panama canal.
Colonel Goethais. as the star of the
last six years. gets the curtain calls.
but Messrs. Stevens and Wallace. too,
did their parts we'll. And the whole
company Of Americans. composing the
chorus or supernumeraries. have con-
tributed vitality to the success Of the
play. After all. 1t Is no one man, but
the spirit Of America nism. indomitable
and triumphant. that we admire In
Panama.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

operation.
To get the concrete into place four
cableways suspended across the lock
site ON towers eighty.five feet high
were installed. Electrically operated
towers. where great buckets were fll-
ed These buckets then were run up
to the cables and ont on the cables to
a given point. where they were lower
ed and the concrete dumped into the
proper position.
After the floors Of the locks had been
laid the walls were built In the usual
manner Of erecting steel forms. which
were removed when the concrete had
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

done under Colonel GOpthals. IL was
necessary to remove about 100000
cubic yards of rock and earth from
the site of the three locks at Gutun to
prepare foundation for the tremen
dOusly heavy structure Careful Dor
ings had been made to ascertain If a
suitable foundation could be found
there
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
It's Strong Point.

Young Lady docking at rooms)-The
sun doesn't come in here at all. Land
lady-No: that is why ! charge so
much for this room. You can sit by
the window without danger of getting
freckled.-B Boston Transcript
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

building the locks were designed on q
scale commensurate with the unprece-
denied size of the structures. Eight
giant mixers were fed with rock, sand
and cement by cars operated by cleo
tricity. the finished product coming
from each of the mixers at the rate OF
sixty-four cubic feet for each complete
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

In 2O17, according to scientist, this
will be a babyless world We have
several red apples to wager that this
awful prediction will be falsified by
the facts Any takers?
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The eminent German specialist who
says that hotel OrchestraS are driving
people crazy will find supporters among
thousands Of unscientific guests who
have been in doubt as to what allied
them
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The driver Of a Chicago fire truck has
been disciplined for turning in false
alarms to amuse his motherin-law. Are
all the old stock jokes Of the comic pa.
pers to 60?
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The average citizen doesn't need any
elaborate statistics from the federal
government to prove the rise in food
prices in recent years. He can prove
it from his bills.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

A crisis in conditions affecting the
worlds food supply is predicted by
Professor Dickson Of the Edinburgh
university This means more work for
the department of agriculture.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Blind people are as>ing for cur
rency adapted to their necessities. AS
there are 64.763 of them in the official
reports, their request deserves some
consideration.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Now the male critic Of the slit skirt.
remembering the speckled hat with the
velvet bow that reposes upon his head,
places finger across his lips and
passes on in silence.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The one indisputable fact about good
roads in any inhabited region is that 1t
Is much cheaper to get them at any
cost within reason than not to get
than
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

New York city's enrolment in the
public schools this year is nearly a
million. The army of education in
this country is one Of the signs that
make the prophets cheerful.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The steel railroad car doesn't prevent
accidents. Of course. but when an &C.
cident occurs it IS very efficient in saw
ing life. as has been many times dem
OnStrated.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

An objection to good roads is that
people who have once had them will
have no other kind. The luxury Of
today is the necessity Of tomorrow.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Perhaps If Ouimet had been older he
would have done even better still. His
opponents can extract that much con-
ISOLATION from the fact of his youth.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Sir Oliver Lodge insists we're immor-
tai. That ought to make an infinite
change in the plans of some of us.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

One advantage of being horse is
that corn on the cob never gets too
tough for his uses.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The nude in art Is to be barred from
the mails. but there is no indication
that it will be barred from public dis
cuSSiOn.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Househo!ders need anticipate no
shocks in becoming adjusted 70 the
new tariff. The tradesmen will break
it to them gently.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

So, Sir Thomas hopes also to win
bride over here next year. That will
be lot easier.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

A German specialist who says that
hotel orchestras are driving people in
sane is evidently some music critic too.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

War veteran. sixty-nine. ran $40
yards in seventeen seconds-in 1913.
not in 1868.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

The cheerful loser stands next to the
cheerful giver.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

More things will come your way If
you go after them.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04
Story of the Panama Canal From Star - ":7ish

Published by the Statler Publishing company.
sol Fifth avenue. New York city.
Copyright. 1912 and 1918. by William R. Scott
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

A healthy city is a wealthy one.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

Continued to page eight.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1913-11-04

| SEA LEVEL CHANNEL
- NILES
NlRAFLORES 900 81 wlos
LOCKS
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1913-12-12
MAY Be SHIP LOST IN 1916
Finding Of Wreck Evidently In Water
Many Years Believed to Be soIu-
ton Of Ocean Mystery.

An unknown wreck, which ma,
prove the solution to the mystery of {
ship which disappeared in 1910, has
Just be described at Westernport, Vic
toria, Australia. Diving operations
were being conducted with the object
OF raising a sunken barge, and while
tho sweep" was being dragged along
the bottom of the channel 1t fouled ar
obstruction and remained fast A diver
was lowered beneath the waters, and
found that the apparatus had become
entangled in the hull of an old wreck
and further investigation showed tina.
this vessel evidently had foundered
many years ago, for 1t was thickly
covered with marine growth Ths
sunken ship was constructed of Eng
liah oak, the timbers visible being ap
proximately IL inches by inches
thick. Residents In the aeighborhooo
told that several skeletons had beer
discovered in the sand opposite the
wreck, and expressed the opinion that
in all likelihood they were those o.
persons who were washed ashore. Nc
reference to the wreck has been dis
covered in the department records. but
1t has been recalled that a weather
bound vessel was reported at Western
point in 1910 and never seen since.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1913-12-12
Carved hS N stu>A

A curious effect OF the wear and
tear to which the eartiis crust Is ron
tinually being subjected Is shown
III the Devils slide In Ctah and other
peculiar formations all over the west
There exist OH the South river, in the
Wasatch mountains Ia part of the
Reckless, singularIy capped pinnacles
OF slender pillars rising from 10 to itG
feet high and most OF them crowned
or capped by huge stones These pil
lars are not the work OF man. Uut are
memorial monuments OF huge hills
FROM which they are cut out by the
action OF the ali and water and the
lone remains of many square miles OF
solid rocks which have been washed
away to depth Of some @tM feet
The greater hardness of the surface
has caused 1t to resist corroSiOn mOrr
than the underlying rock. thus leaving
huge caps of stone percied high In the
air on points of their columns. Here
and there can he found double col
umn capped by single stone. thus
forming natural bridge both unique
and picturesque Health
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1913-12-12
LEGEND OF GARDEN OF EDEN
Oriental Christians Believe Banana
Tree Was the Source Of Good
and Evil.

There exists legend relative to the
they believe the banana to be the tree
of the source of good and evil, in
bunch of the fruit of which the SER
pent that tempted Eve hid itself, and
they add that when Adam and Eve be-
came ashamed Of their nakednesA
they covered themselves with the
leaves of this plant.
The origin of the banana Is given as
India, at the foot of the Himalayas,
where it has been cultivated since re-
hottest antiquity, says the National
Geographic Magazine. It's origin in
the new world is as doubtful as the
origin of the American Indian. Ma
tural to Asia and Africa, where more
than twenty distinct species Of the
genus are known, 1t is said to have
been brought first to America from
Spain, early in the sixteenth century,
and planted in the Island Of Santo
Domingo, whence it's spread was rapid
through the surrounding islands and
the main land. This has never been
automatically established, however,
and some authorities include the BAN
ana among the articles that formed
the base of food supply of the Incas
and the Aztecs before the arrival of
the Spaniards.
Certain it is that throughout the
whole meridional America there is a
strong tradition that at least two spe-
cies of the plantain were cultivated
long before the coming of the Euro
peans. Furthermore, it is singular
that in all the languages Indigenous
to the region where the banana ap-
pears, the plant has a special name,
not proceeding from the conquerars,
as was the case with the names OF
manly other plants, animals and vari-
Gus articles introduced into America
after its discovery.
Grown over the entire extent OF the
meridian of the earth, the fruit of the
banana today forms in large part the
principal food of majority of the
peoples living under the tropical Zcne.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1913-12-12
TO CHANGE COURSE OF RHINE
German Idea 10 to Have Great River
Find the Sea Through the
FatherIand.

That their great river should at
last dribble to the sea through mum.
Der Of mouths in foreign territory
has long been cause of sentimental
regret to the German people. A So
ciety has now been formed at Cob.
lentz to correct this mistake Of ma
ture.
Prof. Hans Busz Of Munster has
just published book to help on the
objects of the new society. He urges
that the Rhine, instead of flowing az
1t does, northwest through the Meth.
erlands, ought to flow from Duisburg,
In Rhenish Prussia, northwest of EN-.
den, the most westerly port of the
German empire. The distance would
be about $50 miles, and no locks
would be needed.
The professor wants canal oi
first rate proportions, comparable tc
those of Suez or Panama, and seeks
10 show that such waterway would
capture the traffic which now goes to
Rotterdam and the Mas. and that in
a few years Emden would become a
world port. Professor Busz estimates
that the New Rhine" would cost
$1S7, 100000, a large sum; but. he
points out, only three-quarters of the
extra s250.000,000 is to be spent on
the army under the new law. He cal
cglated that the gross takings during
the first years would not be more
than 100000.
A year ago the Prussian minister
of public works announced that the
government regarded the project
favorably. and had it under considera
ton. The new society starts under
favorable auspices.