Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-06-29
July S, 1911. BOLIVAR ON LETT
ABOUT ID Dl1E. QurLL PEN
from MAN EXTENDING IT.
n1RANp A, IN RIGHT fORE-
GROUND. WEARING SWORD.

the first Chilean congress met July 4, that
day being deemed the most appropriate
upon which to assemble the true
representatives of the people. 1t became
necessary for this congress to publish its
reports, what in the United States is
termed its Congressional Record. There
were at that time no printing presses in
Chile, and. of course. no newspapers.
Thus it was requisite to import at once an
equipment for publishing the national
records.
Here again we have an instance OF the
influence OF the United States The first
printing press ever seen in Chile was inn
ported by Mathew Arnold Hoeval. He
was q citizen of the North American re-
public who resided at that time in San
t!ago. Having been a publisher In his
own country. he volunteered TO see them
out OF their troubles when he heard OF
the difficulty confronting the Chilean con-
gress.
This same press printed the first news
paper published in Chile, the Aurora de
Chile. and the names of the three Yam
kee' operators who had been engaged TO
run the press appear in an fnconspicuous
place on the title page. The influence OF
this little newspaper was very important
during the first days Of the Chilean strug-
gle for independence. Besides serving It's
purpose as an organ wherein the patriots
could publish their policies to the public.
1t also inspired the people. many OF whom
had had no educational opportunities,
with the desire to learn to read, and thus
may be said to have been the principal
factor in promoting popular education.
Gems San MARITIME and o Higgins soon
disposed Of the Spanish army, and then
turned their attention to Joining forces
with Bolivar in his efforts to drive Spain
from her last stronghold. Peru.
Before taking up this fnal chapter,
however, 1t must be mentioned that little
Uruguay celebrates October % with red
fire and rockets. for on that day her free
dom was proclaimed.
Paraguay commentaries May IA. and
this country owes it's independence to one
OF the most remarkable men connected
with the history. Of South America. Dr:
Jose Gaspar Rodriguez Francia, who did
more than any other OF his countrymen
to throw of the yoke of Spain.
As q young man he studied for the
priesthood, but afterward became law
yer. He was prominent In all the meet
ings Of the Paraguayan patriots. served
as secretary Of the first national Junta
which proclaimed the nations independ-
ence, and was afterward chosen to be its
first president. Paraguay has the unique
distinction OF having at one time elected
two presidents. who served as. a dunn
virate. DR.. Francia being also one OF
these.
Il was now easy to foretell that 1t was
only a question of time when the author
ity Of Spain would be entirely DESTROYED.
The armies Of liberty were moving from
the north southwark and from the south
northward. with the representatives of
monarch.srn lying between them.
August marks the day when Bolivia
was formally separated from Spain This
was brought about by the victory OF one
decisively defeated tho Spaniards At Aya-
cucho. The constitutional government
was Immediately set up and conkfessmen
were elected from ffty-four districts