davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

once occupied By the cliff jewellers OF
that region contained the bones or
feathers of the turkey but this specimen
Is intact Its age is q matter of specu-
lation among the scientists of the Ma
tonal Museum. where the specimen is
on exhibition.
Another interesting fact III this same
connection resulted from a scientific ex-
petition which DIR. C. Hart Merriam
made among the mountains Of Arizona
lie came across q living species of bird
Identical with the one found nummtied
and which is now known to the scientific
world by his name
Another recent discovery III connection
with the turkey was Maya hero
glyphic. This piece of parchment shows
a grocer's account in which is mentioned,
with other things, ten turkey hens
and five turkey cocks. The distinction
between the two is quite apparent in
the crude drawings This is thought
to be the first record of the turkey in
this country and antedates the expedi-
ton OF Cortes TO Mexico in 1913.
But the turkey goes book farther
among the Indians than even the prob
able date at which the specimen found
in the cave existed. Among the Zunis.
for instance there exist many legends,
handed down from time immemorial.
which have for their subject the turkey.
Perhaps none Is more interesting than
the enc which tells why his tail feathers
are dark. showing, as it does. not only
the place he held in the estimation of
the Indians but also a noticeable sim
ilarity to the flood story from our Bible.
Once upon a time, so the legend runs,
there was flood and the face of the
world was covered with water. And the
turkey, weary Of continually flying de-
cided to seek some spot on which he
might light and rest. But the other
birds and animals advised him not to;
and the very gods themselves warned
him.
He refused, however. to heed either
advice or warnings and set out in search
Of land. After much effort he discovered
a single spot not covered BY water. and
alighted. But he found it only deep
mud So he decided to hunt farther for
some dry place ON which TO rest But,
alas, when he came to fly, he found his
tail feathers stuck fast in the mud.
He pulled and pulled, but could not get
them loose. Finally, however. after a
gigantic tug, he managed to free himself.
But bits of mud stuck to the end of the
tail feathers, And to this day turkeys
have dark spots there-a sign of their dis
obedience TO divine command,
The turkey plays more important part
in the life OF the Indian than in his
legends alone. Not only is it regarded
as a choice article of food but in many
tribes il is he'd sacred In the parts of
the country where the turkey was Wor-
sFliped-with that curious devotion to
animals which characterizes different
stages in the development from saw
agery to civilization-it was never eaten
except when OTHER food was unobtain-
able. And even then separate portions
were divided among various tribes, so that
the religious custom would not be vio-
lated
Turkey feathers rank next i'm i'm
poTtance to those of the eagle with all
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

tribes, while the Apaches, the Pamun-
keys and Cheyennes chose the turkey s
feathers for all ceremonial headdresses
and ornaments. The Pamunkey tribe
also used turkey feathers for ornamental
purposes on their clothing, as well as for
their headgears. To this day. when they
don their native costumes, the turkey
feather is preferred as ornament.
If Benjamin Franklins words had been
needed the turkey would have been the
national bird of the United States The
eagle is a first cousin to the species
known of old in the eastern hemisphere
Furthermore, it has appeared upon the
banners of many nations. 1t was a SYM
boil of the Roman empire. 1t was known
in China for ages, and today it appears
upon the banners of Russia, Germany and
several other nations.
The turkey, however. is indigenous to
America. When the early European ad-
venturers and settlers arrived they be-
held great iiocks of turkeys, and it soon
became known that they were a favorite
food among the Indians. After a while
turkeys were proudly sent home as
trophies of the chase. In this way the
turkey became practically a world-favor-
lite as a food.
When Cortes. in 1919. assembled to the
plateau of Mexico, he found a social life
developed to high degree of refinement.
He was entertained with oriental mag
nitcence. All the delicacies to be found
within the empire were set before him:
and though game was abundant. the
turkey held the place of honor among
the fowl. This was the first time that
the Spaniards had eaten turkey. and the
experience proved a most satisfying one.
They also saw great tame hocks of the
birds. In fact since prehistoric times the
turkey has been domesticated and raised
for market. Today. in Mexico, many of
tie quaint customs then in vogue are
still kept alive. And so it is that the
purchaser of today may select his choice
of fowl in the village street. Or, If he
prefers. the vender will bring it alive to
his door for inspection, fresh from the
farm.
North of the Rio Grande the turkey was
equally well known and treasured. The
celebrated expedition of Coronado. be-
tween 1927 and 1547, penetrated this unex-
plored region west of the Mississippi. His
explorations were chiefly in what is today
Texas, Arizona and New Mexico the
home of the cliff-dwelling Indians of the
southwest. In all the Indian villages,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

CarolinaS and Florida: while in the last
named states the turkey is still found
as a native wild fowl, although in greatly
decreased numbers.
But short distance from Richmond is
q small island inhabited by a tribe of
Indians. the Pamunkeys. They are part
of the Powhatars, and under an old
colonial treaty they pay no taxes and
have their own government They must
however, send to the Governor of Nir-
ginia each year gift of game or fowl;
and very often this gift takes the form
OF several large, plump turkeys.
Many have been the explanations made
as to how the bird now so popular at
Thanksgiving came to be called the
turkey, most of which. to the true scien-
fist, are nothing but fanciful. One such is
the explanation that it comes from the
East Indian ord "toka." hich, i'm He
brew takes the form .'tukki." the peacock.
AS the Jews in south Europe We're ac-
quainted with this fowl, which is related.
it is assumed that they naturally applied
the word to the turkey wherever it was
introduced into Spain, and that there
after 1t was socalled.
X
Such a roundabout explanation. say
those who know, is entirely unnecessary.
The bird was called turkey because it
was supposed to come from Turkey,
where it was known as an Egyptian hen.
This, it is claimed. is merely in accord
ance with a habit very general in the
sixteenth century. Whenever new and
strange things We're presented to an
ignorant public, knowledge spread slow
ly, but superstition was deep. and hear
say was taken for truth. The markets
of north Europe received this fowl as
coming from south Europe, directly or
indirectly from Turkey.
In France, however the bird was call
ed '.dindon," or in the feminine ''dinde."
as though 1t were the fowl d Inde-from
India The Mexican name for the bird
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

ifE turkey is truly
an american bird.
VI existed OH this
continent with the
In d AN s befoI G
Columbus landed.
Only a few years
ago among the
caves of Arizona
the mummified re-
mains of a turkey
Was found. Prac-
ticaliy every cave
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

S Thomas Riley
NJ a r shall, Vice
President of the
United States. the
John the Baptist of
a new American
public thought? Is
he the forerunner
of a movement
that will change
the direction of
present-day politi-
cal tendencies? Or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

Interesting Facts
About the Great Ameri-
can Bird = Where He
Came rom and
Whittier He Has Gone
Why His Tail Feath-
ers Are Dark The
Early Settlers and the
Turkey,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-11-23

is he merely a star-eyed theorist whose
preachings are worthy of no attention?
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

done to such an extent as 70 i,,oseou
with the work of your school. or Who \
ever occupation you may hereafter I'd
low. 1t is also much better 60 seck
general development than to specializ
exclusively. II is mistake for thos
who arc strong in their arms and woaI
in their legs to cultivate the arm an
chest muscles, which do not need II. Z
the neglect Of those other muscles whlc
require to be strengthened.
But whatever branches Of athletic
you may take up, I trust that in all d
them you will always bear in mind tina
to be true athlete means to be mani
and honorable, to play the game for 81
1t Is worth, but strictly according to tn
rules, to despise everything that is mea
or underhand, and to discourage anon
your associates all such conduct; to figf
good fight but to fight It in the opcl
when you are beaten, do not hesitate {
own up;' and when you are victoriou!
do not be unduly boastful. Always +,
member that an umpire has u very ain
cult task to perform, ana can only do hi
best. If he should make a mistake.
Is almost always caused by the inabillt
OF spectator to see everything whic
is going on in respect to Il game, and car
+ not be helped. Always keep in mind tina
athletic events are won bv those VIII
make the best records, and not by th.a
who are constantly finding fault with tn
officials Try to keep yourself out Of ia
| latter class
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13
VERMONT NOTES.

committee ot Rutland women is can-I
vassing the city to raise 5000 In sub
scriptons for the free library
Under tho will Of Mrs. Josephine II
Arms the First Congregational Church ID
Bellows Falls has received a bepuest ID
$1,000.
Mr. and Mrs George \. Iituedc!d Il
Brattlcboro celebrated Thursday tnoiri
10th wedding anniversary. Their uc.c1-|
bors gave them surprise party
John \. plaisted Of Barre the Other da,|
picked up a small disc awarded a yitoa|
man for bravery during tho Civil War|
1t might easily he mistaken for piece 4
! currency.
Charles Singleton. au cmployr e
| White River Chair company of BraJt.,|
boro, lost an eye March 3 when It w4
! torn out by stick that flew from a .av|
he was operating.
1t is expected that an appropriation "A
$4,000 will be needed to put the sewer So !
TEN Of Bellows Falls into satisfactory
condition. y large part Of the present
system has been outgrown
/ The operating revenues OF the Rutllnt
railroad FOR January were S2as, 25s SO and
the expenses Sy}S3SS Of. The Let operat-
Ing revenue was S3o,s70.S, while the oper-
ating income was Slj975.5l.
Phillip Ryan has brought suit In Rut-
land county court against Joseph Gagnou
to recover $1,000 for alleged negligence.
Ryan's carriage was run down last No
vember by the defendants automobile
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13
A WORD ON ATHLETICS.
VIVA, II Means of Happiness md suc.
cess-Being True Athlete,
G'rom March ST. Nicholas

NJ wiser thing can be done by Won IN
insure your happiness and success in life
than TO take an active interest in ath-
letc events as well as in your general
physical development. Brains and schol-
arship are most important, hut unless nc.
companicd by health and a strong body.
they do not produce the results which
they should. Life under modern condi-
tons is a hard struggle, and to succeed
I'm It requires not only education and in
tellgence, but the ability to work siren
uously. The only way to obtain the phv-
steal ability which will enable Won TO do
this continuously, as you will have To
do. is by developing your body and Sc
curing a good healthy constitution while
you are young
The mere daily enjoyment Of lira which
one receives who is healthy and strong.
as compared with those who are fire.
quently III and whose lives are seldom
free from pain, is indescribable. In addl-
ton. athletic exercises develop beyond
any other known method those qualities
Of courage, promptness of action. Keen
hess oe perception, perseverance against
obstacles, and force of character which
constitute true manhood and are indis-
pensable TO success.
A. In everyt1tng else, interest in ath.
leucs may b carried too far. It is n
great help. bot is not to be made an aim
in life. While 1t should be followed. and
folloWNo 0essnuously, this should mot be
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

"Slbenee, Sir" Thundered Randolph.
again. Sergeant, seize that man and
Keep him from that machine"
Well, the last hope was gone AS
the sergeant stepped forward to exc
cute his orders, Thorne, desperately
determined to the last, clicked out a
letter. but he was cut short in the mid
die Of word. The sergeant and two
men dragged him away. chair and all,
from the table. and two others posted
themselves In front of the key.
4 Will have you courtmartialed for
this, SIR" said General Randolph
angrily.
You will have to answer yourself"
cried Thorne, playing the game to the
last, "for the delay Of a dispatch of
vital Importance. sent by the secretary
Of war"
do you mean thatw cried RAN
dolph.
81 mean Just that" answered
Thorne, land I demand that you let
me proceed with the business Of this
office. Before these officers and men
I repeat that demand"
by what authority do you send that
dispatch"
Il refer you to the department, SIR
SHOW me your orders for taking
charge Of this Office"
Il refer you to the department, sir.
answered Thorne stubbornly.
by God. sir!" continued General
Randolph holly. II will refer to the
department. Leave your men or
guard there, sergeant. Go over to the
war office. My compliments to the sec
rotary Of war. and ask him II he will
be 80 good as to"
But Arrelsford's evil genius prompt
ed him to interpose again. When af
fairs were going to his liking he should
have let them alone, but fate seemed
to be playing into his hand. and he de
termined to make the most OF 1t ant
the chance.
Another witness! Mas Varney,'
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13
A COLD. la GRIPPE. THEN pNEU.

GRO BE CONTINUED
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13
CHAPTER XIV.
Love and Duty at tho Touch.

Love and Duty at the Touch.
Thorne's case was now absolutely
hopeless. BY the testimony Of two
witnesses thing is established. All
that Arrelsford had seen Edith had
seen. All that he knew. she knew.
She had only to speak and the plan
had failed; the cleverly constructed
scheme would fall to pieces. His
brothers life would have been wasted,
nay more, his own life also; for we'll
did he realize that the bold way he
had played the game would the more
certainly hasten his immediate execu,
ton. A spy In the Confederate CAPT.
tai!
He could reproach himself with
nothing. He had done his very best.
An ordinary man would have failed a
dozen times in the struggle. Courage,
adroitness, resourcefulness, and good
fortune had carried him so far. but
the odds were now heavily against
him and nothing that he could do
would avail him anything. The game
was played and he had lost; Arrels-
FORD had triumphed.
Thorne. in the one word that Edith
Varney was to speak, would lose life,
honor and that for which he had
risked both, And he would lose more
than that. He would lose the love OF
the woman who had never seemed so
beautiful TO him as she stood there
pale-faced. erect. the very incarna
ton OF selfsacrifce. as were all the
women OF the Confederacy. And ne
would lose more than her love. he
would lose her respect. His humlia'
ton would be her humiliation, Never
20 long 40 she lived could her mino
dwell on him with tenderness,
Hts condition wla indeed pitiable;
yet, TO do him Justice, his thoights
were not 90 much tor himself ~ they
were for tssQspths@E tAinspe ,g1rst.hnd
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

he cried triumphantly. as he bowed
toward the window in which Edith had
at that moment appeared. She was
here with me. she saw 1t all. ASK
her"
General Randolph turned toward the
window and in his turn bowed to the
girl.
Miss Varney." he asked courteous.
ly, do you know anything about
this?"
about what, sir?" answered Edith
in low voice.
"Mr. Arrelsford claims that Captain
Thorne is acting without authority in
this office and that you can testify to
that effect" was the generals answer
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

MONA is too often the fatal sequence.
La Grippe coughs hang on, weaken the
system. and lower the vital resistance.
r. G.. Collins. Postmaster, Barnegat. n.
j., says: Il was troubled with a severe
La Grippe cough which completely ex-
hausted me. Foleys Honey and Tar Com
pound soon stopped the coughing spells
entirely. 1t can't be beat" j. w. O'Sulli-
van, u Chuch ST. (AdvD
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

lated to meet with still another inter.
suption.
Halt there!" cried a sharp voice
from the hall, Just as the group
reached the door.
Halt! Left facet" cried the SER
seant In turn. recognizing that here
was a superior whom 1t were we'll to
obey without question or hesitation.
Here Is General Randolph" said
the voice outside, giving the name Of
one Of the high officers of the Rich
mond garrison.
present armsl" cried the sergeant
Of the guard as General Randolph ap-
peared in the doorway.
Following him were some officers Of
RissetAp and by his ssids was the Am.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

I
look The blood OF the old general was
up. and 1t had become impossible for
anyone to presume in the least degree.
Thorne started, too. The blood rushed
to his heart He thought he would
choke to death. What did the girl
meanr
"The highest authority, SIR" con.
tinued Edith Varney. slowly drawing
out the commission, which every one
but she had forgotten in the excite
ment, the authority OF the president
OF the Confederates States Of Amer.
ica."
Well. she had done It for veal or for
woe. She had made her decision. Had
1t been a wise decision? Had she
acted for the best? What interest
had governed her, love for Thorne.
love for her country. or love for her
own peace Of mind? 1t was in the
hands Of General Randolph now. The
girl turned slowly away unable to sus-
tain the burning glances of her lover
and the vindictive stare Of Arrelsford.
What's this" said General Ran
dolph. "Umph! A majors commits.
sion. In command OF the telegraph
department. Major Thorne, congrat-
| ulate you"
That commission. General Ran.
dolph!" exclaimed Arrelsford. his
voice rising. let me explain how
She"
That will do from you, sir" said
the general, you have made enough
trouble as 1t is. suppose you claim
that this Is forgery, too"
Let me tell you. sir" persisted the
secret service agent.
you have told me enough as Il Is.
Sergeant, take him over To headQuar-
ters."
Fail IN there!" cried the sergeant
or the guard. 1.-TWO OF you take the
prisoner Forward march,"
Two men seized Arrelsford, and the
rest or them closed about him. To do
tho man Justice. he made q violent
struggle and was only marched out at
tho point Of the bayonet protesting
and crying:
For Gods sake. he's in the Yankss
secret service! He'll send that dis.
patch out, His brother brought In the
signal tonight"
AL zfnsa way doxnatAa sosnAexshs
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-03-13

San Francisco, March 6,--George w.
Stewart, for ~ years a member of the
Boston symphony orchestra, has been
appointed musical director for the Pan
anna Pacific exposition. Stewart was d.
rector Of music at the st. Louis cXposi.
ton.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-07-10
TELEPHONE NO. as.
Fourth at Elgin Glorious
Oklahoma
I,awton,

The Fourth of July for 1918
has come and gone has passed
into history, and Elgin did we'll
her part. Il was a great day for
this queenly little city. Patri-
otic pleasure seekers came from
all points of the compass for
many miles around; they came
from Fletcher and Sterling and
their surrounding communities
by the hundreds; and they came
from Lawton. in automobiles
and on the train by the scores,
Our beautiful little city was al
most filled to overhowing with a
Jolly. happy mass of people.
With the single exception Of
the parade, the program was
carried out to a dot" on sched-
ule time. There was something
OF interest going On all the while.
from start to finish, and every
body well pleased.
Col. Z. L. Gregory, the princi-
pal orator Of the day, clearly
demonstrated that he is equally
as we'll at home on the speakers
platform IS at the editorial desk.
His address was masterful, in
history. logic and eloquence, and
was listened to with most re-
spectful attention.
Senator J. Elmer Thomas be-
ing completely worn out by the
arduous labors imposed upon
him during the long-drawn-out
session OF the Legislature Just
closed, was unable to be with US.
However, Judge H. n. Whalin
kindly consented TO take his
place: and Notwithstanding the
dinner hour had arrived, held
the large concourse spell bound
for fully thirty minutes with his
blending Of stories, logic anC
eloquence, Everybody was de-
lighted with the Judges 5 address.
The Fort Sill band was one oi
the great attractions of the day,
and right well did they do theil
part. They were a gentlemanly
bunch" Of soldier boys"
The afternoon program started
off with the baby show, and drew
an immense crowd of spectators,
Sixteen beautiful cherubs were
placed upon the platform anc
consecutively numbered. The!
were all so perfect in form ant
beauty that the puzzled judge
had az embarrassing duty L
perform. They finally selecte'
their individual choice, and Of
comparing numbers it was foun,
that no two of the three Judge
agreed. A fourth judge wa
then called to the platform (
select from the three; and h
being unable to decide as bs
tween two of them, il was finall
anr.oh "a hnclaro the I w
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-07-10

Nos. 1 and IA, Jointly as
the prize babies. No. is Irene,
the eight months old daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. A. Sandefer,
who live two and half miles north
of Elgin. No. ii is Bessie May,
the nine months old daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. S. Z. Bentley, who
reside six miles southeast Of
town. The first was a brunette
and the other a blond. For good
and sufficient reasons. the judges
do not wish their names repeated,
and we recognize and respect
the wisdom of such desire.
The next all-absorbing attrac-
tions of the day were the base
ball games. Fort Sill won over
Fletcher 13 to 3; and Meers
trampled all over Elgin 16 to 0.
The immense crowd seemed to
enjoy itself so well that the
people were reluctant to 60 and
remained until near the setting
sun and after.
We have not, so far, heard of
a single criticism. Every body
seemed to be well pleased. In
fact it is considered the most en-
joyable Fourth OF July celebra-
tions ever held in this part of the
Oklahoma. 1t clearly demon
strates what can be accomplished
here in Elgin when she WILLS,
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-07-10
Now For a Greater Elgin

No, You are mistakenl Elgin
wasn't dead. It was just asleep
cnloroformed by a little I'M
necessary petty differences. Its
heart is right warm and affec-
tionate. Allit needed was a few
vigorous prods under the lazy,
do-nothing, can't ribs to wake
it up. Now. that it is awake,
let's act like men and forever
bury the chlorform. and put a
stick of ydnimite fguratively
speaking under the first peace
destroying, I-can't lazy 'galoot"
that shows his cloven foot. From
this on let it be considered high
treason for one of our citizens to
knock" on his home town. Let
him be considered only equal
with the varment that befouls
its own nest. Let's go TO work
like intelligent human beings and
build up a Greater Elgin. We
CAN if we WILL. All that is nee
essary is FOR each and every in
diyidual citizen TO vigorously
put loyal shoulder to the
Wheel of progress and use good
horse sense.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1913-07-10
Horses Castrated

Anyone wishing to have horses
scientifically and carefully cas-
trated, will do well to call on
f. M. GIBSON,
One mile east Of Elgin,-