Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1913-04-18
Life of
Washington
BY
Woodrow
wilson
President
Of the United States
EContinued From Yesterdau

CargOes without number we're seat
to the Dutch and Spanish West Indies
every year, and as many hrouent
thence. which were undoubtedly for.
felt under the navigation laws parlia.
ment had been at such pains 20 eisbors
ate and enforce; and sprivateeripg az
we'll as smuggling had for long ar
forded the doughty seamen Of Boston,
Salem, Charleston. and New York q
genteei career of profit
Indulge in Illegal Trade.
Things had come TO such a pass
that where business went briskly the
people Of the colonial ports demanded
as OF right "a full freedom of Illegal
trade" and broke sometimes into riot
when II was denied them. The Bos-
ton News Letter had been known very
courteously TO mourn the death Of
worthy collector of his majesty's Gus
toms because. with much humanity"
he had been used TO take pleasure
iD directing masters of vessels how
they ought to avoid the breach of
the acts OF trade
Sea captains grew accustomed TO
very confidential relations with own
ers and consignees, and knew very
we'll without official counsel, how to
take the advice mot TO declare at the
customhouse; and things went very
easily and cordially with all parties to
the understanding.
In 1851 that understanding was of
a sudden rudely broken and the trod-
Bile began, which Grenyille had the
folly to add to. The board Of trade
determined to collect the duties on
sugar. molasses and rum, so long and
so systematically eyaded in the trade
between New England and the West
indies, at whatever cost of suit and
scrutiny. and directed their agents in
Boston TO demand ''writs Of assist
ance" from the courts, giving item
leave 10 enter what premises they
would in search Of Struggled goods.
coIonists Resist Search Warrants.
There were instant evaporation
and resistance. GenerlS search war
rants, opening every mans door to
the officers of the law, with or without
Just and explicit ground Of suspicion
against him. no English subject any
where would submit to: and yet these
writs authorized nothing less.
Issued under a questionable extern
sion to America Of an exceptional
power Of the court OF exchequer.
they violated every precedent Of the
common law, no less than every prin-
cipie OF prudent administration; and
the excitement which they provoked
was at once deep and ominous. Sharp
! resistance was made in the courts,
\ and no officer ever ventured to serve
| one OF the obnoxious writs. Such
| challenge of the recess was uttered
/ by colonial counsel upon trial of the
right. moreover, that ministers would
| be without excuse should they ignore
the warning, so explicit and so
eloquent Of revolutionary purpose.
It was James Otis who utterd IL
He had but the other day carried the
royal commission in his pocket as adj
| yocate general in his majesty's court
Of admiralty; but he would not have
scrupled, even as his majesty's ser
want, he said, TO oppose the exercise
OF a power which had already cost
enc king his head and another his
throne. To oppose in such a case was
to defend the very constitution IN
der which the king wore his crown
That constitution secured TO English
men everywhere the rights OF free
men; the colonists had, besides, the
plan guarantees Of their own chart
ers; If constitution and charters
failed, OF were gainsaid. the Drin
ciples Of natural reason sufnced fol
defense against measures so arrogant
and SO futile. No lawyer could justify
these extraordinary writs; no kinE
with an army at his back could eVel
force them TO execution.
Protest not only. but defiance, rams
very clear in these fearless words
and ministers must ayow themselves
very ignorant. should they pretend
they did not know how Mr.. Otis hat
kindIed fire from one end Of tn
colonies to the other But Grenvill'
; was resolute to take all risks ant
push this policy.
The Obnoxi6Us Stamp Act.
He did not finch from the enforce
: rnent Of the measures Of 1854, and il
the session Of 1865 calmly fulfilled BIZ
promise Of further taxation. He pro
posed that the colonists should be re
, oufred to use revenue stamps upon al
, their commercial paper, legal doeJ
ments, pamphlets, and newspapers
and that, at once as a general meas
{ ure Of convenience and sslutary e'
hibition Of authority. his majesty
troops stationed in the plantation
] shonld be hilieted on the people
!, Parliament readily scquiesced-
was thus Grenville Furposed "defra1
ing the expenses OF defending, prote'
: ting, and securing" the colonies; bu
4 be cam, near losing them instead.
The act was passed in March;
: was not to 20 into effect until Noveu
Der; but the coIonists did not kee
him waiting until November for the
n | protests. II was the voice of a veriti
!, fble tempest that presently came oye
z sea to the ear OF the startled nlil
izter And il was not the gsperl