davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25

lgreatly increase the fertility OF
these soils. In growing clover
seed, the clover may be cut off
once or twice. Letting it lie on
the ground while the seed crop OF
clover grows will add much hunts
and nitrogen to the soil.
While it is commonly supposed
that live stock farming, and espe-
cially dairying, maintain the sup
ply of phosphorus in the soil, this
is very far from being the case.
There are several ways i'll which
this element is lost even from live
stock farms. The bones of ami
mails sold contain large amounts.
Milk has a~ppreciable quantities.
Some is lost by erosion and leach
ing. 1t is only wher etl1ere is con-
siderable bran fed and these losses
reduced to a minimum by the use
of skim milk ON the farm that it is
possible to maintain the phosphor-
us supply of the farm without pur-
chasing fertilizers containing this
element. Moreover, it is quite pos
sible that as large net returns may
be made in grain raising as in live
stock raising, and by the use of
phosphate fertilizers it is possible
to retain the fertility Of the soil
provided attention is given to keep
ing. 1t is only where there is con-
ter by turning under clover as be-
fore mentioned.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
A SMART FOX.

A Mr.. Nelson, a farmer of Penn
sylvania, owned a fine flock of
chickens which, to his alarm. he
found diminishing in number with
every evidence of guilt pointing to
his own pet fox. The animal was
kept chained and was never dis
covered to have broken loose. Mr..
Wilson set himself in hiding to see
how the trick was done. When
the fox was fed, instead of eating
he would nose the food just the
length of his chain, then retire to
his kennel. Presently a bunch OF
chickens would wander by and pe,
busy-all in good reach of the
watching Br'er Fox, who would
spring forth to luxuriate in fresh
raw, juicy chicken instead Of the
|cold, cooked, uncomforting mea,
showed at him with a stick.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
SOME HARDY E~VERGREENS

In winter evergreen trees and
shrubs give warmth and color to
the garden which cannot be OBJ
tanned in any other way. Some
criticise the growing of laurels, but
they grow rapidly and soon create
shelter and warmth and the dark
foliage tends to makea place cheer
full.
The best laurels are Rohendi-
polls Ground leaved) and Latifolia
(large leaved.)
These are harder than the com
mon laurel, which suffers in very
extreme winters.
Holly, box and yew should not
be ignored because nc matter what
may b the soil or situation with
fair treatment they will thrive.
There is considerable variety in
the hollies, especially in the color
of the foliage. It should be re-
membered in planting them that
there are sexes in the shrub and
only the females bear berries. The
Psychologist has not been able to
explain why some kinds should be
sexual and the others have the or
gans Of reproduction as separate
plants.
Among other evergreens are
bush and tree ivies and the Berbies
family and the Golden Privets are
charming bush trees and make a
very neat diversion in a garden,
but they are not strong enough for
a boundary fence.
OF course we cannot do without
canopies. They give elevation and
break up the fiat surfaces where
many low things are planted. The
Lawson Cypress in some of its va
rietles r very effective and the
brooms in variety are charming
NV. r. G..
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
after the interior has been s1ushed

after the interior has been slushed
as above.
To obtain a smooth surface, use
surfaced lumber for forms and rap
or hammer on outside of forms
soon as concrete is placed. This
will force large gravel from the
form and leave the fine sand and
cement next the form for a smooth
finish.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
CONCRETE


Concrete is the cheapest material
with which an everlasting water
ing trough a be made, and a
large ridge placed in the bottom
will, in the northern climates, pre-
vent injury to the trough from
freezing when filled with water.
This frost proof ridge need not be
as long as the interior of the trough
by several inches at each end and
in localities below the frost line
need not be used.
The size of the trough is a mat
ter Of choice, but the entire trough
must have a foundation Of gravel
or stone to a depth below the frost
line, after which the wood form is
placed for the outside, and the bot
tom filled to a depth of four or six
inches with concrete. Large
troughs require a six-inch bottom.
while for troughs less than seven
feet long a four-inch bottom is suf-
hcient.
The overflow and supply pipes
should be placed before the con-
crete is put in and when they are
connected underground, says Mod
ern Farmer in describing the build
ing of cement troughs. After the
bottom is completed place the form
for the ridge and fill. Then place
the inside trough form and fill vita
concrete made up Of one part Port
land Cement, three parts sand and
three parts aggregates. The plac
ing Of an iron rod, two inches be.
low the top, adds much no.,
strength and at little expense. Kea:
5 wet for two days and then all btu
the outside form should be re
moved and the interior slushet
: with cement and water, mixed t
| the consistency of thick paint. Ap
e ply with whitewash brush. Thi
1 will make it nearly water tight, a
h least more SO than a stone trough
S The outside form should not be re
moved for four weeks, but til
II trough may be used a few day
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
MAINTAINING FERTILITY
i. OF'CLAY SOILS.
Al Abundance Of Vegetable Mat
ter Is Necessary.
BY E ]. DELWICHE.

must give attention in order to
maintain fertility. They are hui
mus, nitrogen, and PHOSPHORUS.
Or, since humus includes nitrogen,
we may say hunus and phosphor-
OTIS are the substances to be sup
piled. Nearly all of these soils
were originally covered with forest
growth and under such conditions
a rather limited amount of hurnus
is developed naturally. The chief
supply of organic matter under
such conditions is from the leaves
Of trees, but these falling to the
surface decompose rather quickly
and have no way of becoming mix
cd through the soil itself. The
large amount of humus or organic
matter found in prairie soils is pro-
duccd there by the decomposition
of the very fine roots Of grasses
which form practically all the veg
citation Of these sections.
In a wooded section there is rel
ativcly little humus in the soil. On
the other hand, such soils after be-
ing cleared are extremely well
adapted to the crosses and clovers
and it is therefore not difficult I'M
der proper management to increase
their supply of hunus. Moreover,
iineneSs of the clay lessons the
rate of oxidation of the raw hbers
and this further increases the ten
d4ncy to for humus. Humus is
helpful on such soils i'll improving
Ire texture as we'll as in furnishing
the supply of plant food material
IS lis decomposition.
The most important clement
coming from humus is nitrogen
While this is contained in all plant
tissues and all humus it is partic-
ular|y rich in the tissues Of legume
plants, such AS clovers, alfalfa, and
vctches. Moreover, these plant:
have the ability of securing nitro
gen from the air under certain con
ditions and when plowed under
this nitrogen in the vegetable mat
ter becomes available to othe.
crops On decomposing.
The turning under of an occa
sional crop of clover or other lie
gume is the surest way of maintain
ing the hunus and nitrogen sup
ply Of such soils. 1t is true, O
course, that manure, if it does NO
completely decompose in the sol
may produce. some humus, all
more humus is likely to be forme
from manure in these than
lighter soils where its decompos:
ton is more complete. Neverth,
less, it must be remembered thu
The digestion of food by the amin;
causes a destruction of from two
thirds to three-fourths of the o,
ganic matter contained, so that N;
nure would never return rs rn,c
organic matter to the soil as W;
taken from it. All of the Glove,
do exceptionally we'll on this cla
soil and even alfalfa will make G,
cellent growth on well drain,
fields. These crops ought to
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25
FOR SAVING THE BROOnFp
CHICKS.

It is a general experience tn,
loss of chicks during the nrlv
period of their life in brooders !
apt to be large, despite the ut1nos
care and attention. The mortality
of brooder chicks has Therefore
been the subject of considerable IL
vestigation and the conclusion :
that the trouble is in part at lea>,
due to defects in the ordinary TIVE
of bottom-heat hot-air brooder
commonly used-too much floor
heat and poor ventilation.
AS a result of comparative tests.
a brooder was designed which il is
believed has decided ADVANTAGES
over ordinary types. The adyar-
tages claimed are that it is possible
to rear in this brooder a larger
number Of chicks in proportion 10
the number originally put III than
in any other brooder. The nor
tality is not only relatively low. but
the chicks are healthier and thru.
tier. "The second advantage lies
in the great saving of labor which
is effected by the use of the new
brooder. The fact that the brooder
never has to be removed from tie
house where it is operated means
a decided economy"
The primary point aimed al wa,
to make it a "fresh-air" and pure
air" brooder. With this idea n
mind it was thought advisable 10
make the wall of the brooder in
some degree %permeable to air. TO
meet this requirement the walls
and cover of the brooder are made
of cloth. Essentially the brooder
is a cloth box containing a hover
of the type in which the lamp
fumes are conducted outside Of Sic
building by an exhaust pipe.
These brooders are built perma-
nently into the houses which tbev
occupy. Two brooders are placed
in each colony house, one i'll each
corner of the building. IN this way
one end wall and the back wall Ct
the building form two sides of
each brooder. The remaining side
and cover are made Of cloth tackled
on light wooden frames.
The floor of the broodcr stands
10 inches above the floor Of the
house. From the front OF the
brooder a slopnlg walk extends
down to the house floor. reaching
IN width clear across the whole
front of the brooder. The cloth
front and side of the broodcr arc
not permanently fixed in position
out are removable panels, which
are held together and to the frame
work by hooks and eyes. The
tcover is hinged in the middle il
such a way that it an be eitl,e,
halt opened OF entirely opened ant
folded back out of the way. II
consequence of this arrangement
1t is possible to regulate with grea'
nicely the amount of air which
1 chQIl no 9A~oAa1 A. A. ----
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25

The colt that is not halter brok-
en- when he is between three and
SIN months old is liable to give his
owner much trouble later on
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25

There are thousands of localities
IN this country where no one IS
paying any attention to small fruit
growing and where strawberries.
grapes, currants and such fruit.
might be grown with profit.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25

Quality accompanied by size is
what every hog grower should be
seeking.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1913-02-25

Feeding a daily ration Of about
hive pounds of corn with beets pro
duces better gains.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
GOULLET AND FOGLER TO
TEAM IN BIG PARIS GRIND
New York Winners, With Other
Cyclists, Will Sail for
Europe Wednesday.
KRAMER IS GOING ALONG
Finish of Six-Day Race MARRIED
by Hills Rough
Riding.

Alfred Goullet and Joe FogIer, the
winners of the twenty-first annual
six-day race completed last Saturday
night at Madison Square Garden. are
to team In the Paris six-day race.
which starts on January 1s Conflict
and Fogler will leave on Wednesday
for Europe and upon their arrival
Will start training in the hope of
repeating their success of last year,
when they won the Gay Paree''
grind. Going on the same ship are
the six European riders. Perchicot,
Petit-Breton, Appellants, Packe-
busch, Verri and Brocco. Champion
Frank l.. Kramer, Frank Million,
one of the promoters of the New
York race. Floyd Mac Farland, the
track manager. and Jackie Clark
will also sail on that date.
Lawrence Upset Dope.
The placing at the finish OF the
big cruel on Saturday night was a
surprise except for the finishing OF
Gcullet and Fogler. Root, who did
the sprinting of his team, was known
to be a remarkably strong sprinter
at the close of a siX-day grind, and
he was slated for second place, with
the possibility of a battle with Verri,
of the italian combination. Halstead
was a dark horse, but 1t was Percy
Lawrence that upset the forecast.
Hill Fouls Verri.
When Root went out on the fifth
lap in an effort to kill off the rest of
the field, Goullet and Lawrence
tackled on in the order named, while
Verri and Hill rode abreast. The
little italian was in a bad pocket, UNI
able to get out. Goullet forced Root
at top speed until the final lap, when
Goullet shot past the tired Boston
ian with squirt fast enough to al
low Percy Lawrence to capture Sec
ond money. Halstead finished in
fourth place, with VERT and Hill in
the order named. The last named
pair marred the otherwise excellent
race by an exhibition of rough rid
ing.
After the race for the six leaders,
Thomas and Cory had a match of
their own for the disposal of the
seventh and eighth prizes. The midg-
ct took seventh place as result
of the sprint, while Cory and Walker
were relegated to eighth position.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
BAY VIEW QUINTET
TRIMS ST. GADR|ELS
''POp" Miller Star Of Brilliant
Victory Over Fast Long
Islanders.
JUNIORS BEAT TRTAN0LES

Pop Miller can play the game Of
basketball as well as the next II he
bars the rough stuff" He showed
his best for the Bay View Wheelmen
team against the st. Gabriels of
Sheepshead Bay. at Wheelmen Hall
yesterday afternoon, and as a result
the locals outclassed the Long ISL
anders Al to 28. Miller opposed
Leonard, the big pivot man. and he
held the latter scoreless, which Is go
ing some.
Leonard is an artist of ability, as
was shown in his games against
other quintets in these parts. But
yesterday he was not "in 1t" with
Miller. who played all around his OPP
ponent, besides dropping IN trio OF
field goals. At half time the locals
led by 20 to Is. Pete Schoen and
Fred Koermaier excelled for the Bay
Views in scoring, the former caging
six field floals and seven free throws,
while the latter was there with four
goals from the field. Norman
dropped in FIVE field baskets for the
visitors.
The preliminary game brought to-
gether the Bay View Juniors, who
have lost but one contest in over
three score of games played, and the
Brooklyn Triangles, and the result
was a victory for the Wheelmen
youngsters 40 to 2S. The lineup and
summary Of the big game follows:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
HILL SPOILED RACE BY
FOULING VERB, SAYS MAC
Floyd Declares Fear of GOullet
Caused Rough Riding
at Finish.
RIDERS DENY TEAMING
Eddie Root Used Poor Judg.
ment and "GouIIie" Didn't
Need pulling"
BY FLOYD MAC FARLAND

Well, the race is over, and the best
team won and the second best finished
second. The only feature of the finish
that was not as It should have been
was the foul riding of Fred Hill. Hill
deliberately fouled Francesca Verri,
and he should have been punished by
the officials. His offense was entirely
uncalled for, and he killed the Italians
chances. They were all afraid OF
Goullet and wanted his rear wheel
in order to sleighride into second
place. Hill would have shown better
Judgment and probably finished sec
ond had he raced to the front and
dropped in behind Root.
Teaming Is Denied.
The riding of Root in the final mile
was rather suspicious, but whether or
not he was pulling Goullet is a ques-
ton. They both assured me that they
would not team, and | am positive
that Goullet would not deceive me.
When l questioned them after the
race they both stated that they were
not teaming. Root said that he made
a mistake in attempting to go too far
in front, but did it for fear of getting
placed in a pocket If he stayed in the
back of the field. Goullet's alibi was
that it was not necessary for him to
team in order to win the race, and
that is fact. He was very fast, and
won without extending himself
If Verri had not been interfered
with he would have made a much
stronger bid. He was thrown out of
his stride. and, being weak from the
long, hard ride, he could not recover
The race from the start to the final
mile was the cleanest race / ever saw
in the Garden. There was never any
"stalling," and I did not see one team
favor another. Grassy" Ryan swung
up the bank once when Clark and
Walthour were trying to gain a lap,
but Grassy was tired, and was
afraid to chase Clark for fear some
one would whip one over on him If
he went dead"
Perchicot Quit Cold.
l was satisfied with the riding Of
everyone except Perchicot. He quit
cold, and he was riding strong at the
time. He could offer no good excuse
for quitting. When 1 asked him why
he quit he stated that, as the team
was a lap behind, he had no further
interest in the race. / am glad that
Jackie Clark never feels that way
when he Is q lap behind,
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
Princeton Hockey Seven Ready
to Meet st. PanIs on Ice

An important game will usher in
the hockey season this week. To-
morrow night Princeton's varsity
seven will meet the st. Paul's School
team at the st. Nicholas Rink, New
York. Last year the New Hamp-
shirt schoolboys administered a beat
ing to the Yale varsity team, and the
year before gave the Harvard cham
pion seven the hardest and most ex-
citing game they had to play that
season.
Princeton's team this year Is an
unusually strong one. Although there
were several vacancies, caused by the
loss of graduated players. there was
squad of thirty five aspirants, from
which Captain Kuhn will pick about
five after the final practise game on
Tuesday night to try for the coveted
places. HOBBY Baker, who is a former
st. Paul's boy, will be In the Princeton
lineup, and 1t will be a new expert
ence for him to play against the
school team which he SO successfully
captained the last time Princeton and
st. Paul met.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
NEWARKERS WIN AT
PRINCETON SHOW
Fangman's Brindle Monte Car
10 Earns HOnOrs at Dog
Exhibition.

The Princeton show, held Saturday,
was at best q poorly managed fixture
The dogs were chained to the floor
less than two-foot apart and there
were fights galore. The Boston
classes were very creditably judged
by Joe Walkland, of Newark,
winners dogs going to Fangman's
Monte Carlo, a very handsome seal
hrindle, who later took best of the
breed.
Mrs. Georgens. OF Clinton avenue
this city, owner of ~the Nashobe
Kennels. took winners bitches with
her Nashobe Star. Carl Menk,
jr., won the special for best heavy
weight bitch. with his latest pur-
chase, Fangman's Juno. a very nice
seal brindle. His Junior Thumb took
first in limit and open, and his Little
Star Girl, formerly Nashsbe Gaby,
took first in novice bitcres. Mrs. i.
r. Haley won first and second in
puppies with Darby and Joan, two
puppies by Haley's Boy ex-Derby
Princess.
In puppy dogs, Mrs. Watson's won
derful Monarch pup Highpoint Mon
arch, scored; second, q half brother
Mercer Monarch, the rest being of
small account. Puppies six months
and over won Dy Snango Key, scoring
in head over Magnets Duke of
Argyle, who took third
Moss King, who took second, was
utterly impossible, being black pie
bald. and a poor specimen, generally.
In novice dogs another fasco was
made. Mercer King. q shelly hair
Tipped dog, put over the typical
Bobby o, who was second. Rex
Beach, a fair dog, was third.
In American bred, over forty-five
pounds, Bill Cerberus was first Mer-
Ger King, second; Bobby o. third,
and Nicko. fourth.
In purple bitches. six TO twelve
months. Loro, a typical little brindle,
defeated Magnets Josie in head prop
critics. Novice bitches brought out q
classy little granddaughter OF Ivel
Doctor called Dorothy Launcelot, a
trifie weak in paSterns, but class all
over Mercer Maid.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
Fifteen Deaths from Injuries
Sustained in Baseball Games

Fifteen deaths constituted the toll In
baseball games during the 1918 sea-
son, according to figures compiled and
published by Chicago statisticiah
The report shows that the greatest
death toll was in Chicago. where
three persons were killed by pitched
balls.
Twelve OF the victims were killed by
being hit in the head by the ball d.
rect from the hands Of the pitcher.
Foul tips were responsible for the
other three deaths. The report points
out that all of the players killed were
unskilled in the game and that none
of the major league players received
fatal injuries.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1913-12-15
THIRTEEN HOODOO HAD
NE NERVOUS"--ALF COULLET
cOincidentaI Succession of the
.'Fateful Number Put Blonde
Rider on Edge for Finish.
FORCED ROOT TO FRONT
SIx-Day Race Winner Says if
He Had Waited Root Might
Have Won.
By ALFRED GOULLET

am pleased that 1 won the race.
and am very glad that 1t is over. 1t
was the hardest six-day race 1 ever
RODE and fancy that the new record
Whlcn goes to the credit of Joe Fog
Ter and myself will stand for some
Few years. felt fine all through the
race until early Saturday morning.
A peculiar feeling came over me
ABOUT o'clock that morning. but I
think it was mental fear rather than
physical fatigue that affected me. It
all happened when the field was re-
duced to thirteen teams When / saw
thirteen riders on the track and Il
was the thirteenth day OF the month
and the year 1918 did not think any,
Ing about It until Eddie Root came
TO the front and I saw the number IS
on his back. Then / had a hunoh that
luck was going to play a part in the
race and Root was going to be the
lucky one to win the race.
Weird Fancies Come and Go.
When you are out on that track
riding lap after lap, mile after mile,
and hour after hour, the mind be-
comes as weary as the body, and all
sorts OF weird fancies come and 20.
One morning q huge plank, was
thrown from the top gallery to the
track just as we were rounding the
Fourth avenue turn. It made an aw-
ful noise as 1t struck the track, and
l thought the roof was coming down.
1t scared me and for an hour or more
| was so nervous felt like quitting
the race. The plank just missed
Jackie Clark's head and | can
imagine how he felt.
Played for Root at Finish.
- AT the finish I figured Eddie Root
the only man / had to beat, and |
played for his rear wheel as soon as
the gun was fired. I forced him to
the front and / forced him to go
farther and faster than he wanted
10 go. Had I waited and let him ride
his own race he would have been
mighty hard to beat. When l got
ready to go by l gave him a very
wide berth and took no chances on q
switch. Little Percy Lawrence was
much better than thought, and had
] waited bit longer or had he start
ed earlier he might have gotten
around me, which would have placed
me in a very bad position and might
not know himself just how good he
was or he would have ridden differ
entity.
F0EIer Deserves Praise.
sc.Joe Fogler, my partner. deserves
as much credit as do for our VIC
tory. He rode fine all during the
week and was anxious to save me at
all times. / will admit that / was
afraid he was not going to show as
good form as he did in the past, and
two weeks before the race went to
Mr.. Powers and requested that 1
be given another partner; but Joe
cansie to me and told me that he
wohild make good, and he did.
u thought Verri would be a strong
factor Iii the finish but understand
he was having battle with Fred
Fill in the rear OF me, which prob
ably killed his chances. I did not see
this, OF course, and know nothing
about it except what l have heard.