The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1913-12-04
FAVoRs FEDERAL RAILWAY

Program tor Congress-Would
Not Upset the sher-
man Law.
Gentlemen of the Congress: In pur-
huance of my constitutional dItv to give
70 the congress information Of the state
81 the union" l take the liberty Of adj
messing you on several matters which
enga as 1T seems to me, particularly to
engage the attention of your honorable
ooales. as of all who study the welfare
ana progress of the nation.
u snail ask your indulgence If I venture
70 Depart IN some degree from the usual
custom of setting before you in formal re
view the many matters which nave en-
gagged the attention and called for the
action or the several departments of the
government or which look to them for
early treatment in the future, because the
ilsI is long. very long, and would suffer
IN me abbreviation to which | should ave
10 subject it. L shall submit to YOU the
reports of the heads of the several de-
partfnents. in which these subjects are set
foTth In careful detail, and beg that they
may receive the thoughtful attention of
your committees and of all members Of
the congress who may nave the leisure
TO study them. Their obvious Importance,
as constituting the very substance Of the
business of the government, makes COM
ment and emphasis or my part unneces-
sary.
At Peace With World.
The country, l am thankful to say, is
at peace with all the world. and many
happy manifestations multiply about us
OF a growing cordiality and sense of com
munlty of interest among the nations,
1oreshadoWlng an age of settled peace and
good Will. More and more readily each
decade do the nations manifest their will
1ngness to bind themselves 10 solemn
treaty to the processes of peace, the
processes of frankness and fair conces-
NJ 40 n fhnE "a & p n hos 81 n
at the front of such negotiations. She
Will, L earnestly hope, and confidently be-
iieve, give fresh proof of her sincere adj
herence to the cause of international
friendship by ratifying the several treaties
OF arbitration awaiting renewal by the
Senate. In addition to these. it has been
the privilege of the department of state
TO gain the assent, in principle, of no less
imam 81 nations, representing four-ffths
of the population of the world, TO the ne
gotlatlon of treaties by which it shall be
agreed that whenever differences of in
terest or of policy arise which can not be
resolved by the ordinary processes Of
diplomacy they shall be publicly analyZed,
discussed, and reported upon by a tri-
bunal chosen by the parties before either
nation determines its course of action.
Ihere IS only one possible standard by
which to determine controversies between
the United States and other nations. and
that is compounded of these two elements:
Our w honor and our obligations to the
peace Of the world. A test so compounded
ought easily TO De made TO govern both the
establishment of new treaty obligations
and the Interpretation of those already as
Eunled.
Disbursement Of Huerta.
There Is but one cloud upon our horizon.
That has shown itself to the south of us,
and hangs over Mexico. There Gao be no
certain prospect of peace in America I'M
til General Huerta has surrendered his
uSurped authority in Mexico; until it is
understood on all hands. indeed. that such
pretended governments will not be coun-
tenanced or dealt with by the govern
ment of the United States. We are the
friends of constitutions government in
America; we are more than it's friends,
we are its champions: because in no 9th
er way can our n~eighbors, to whom we
would wish in every way to make proof of
our friendship, work out their own devel-
opment in peace and liberty. Mexico has
no government. The attempt to maintain
one at the City of Mexico has broken
down. and a mere military despotism has
been set up which has hardly more than
the semblance of national authority. 1t
originated in the u%surpation of Victorialo
Huerta, who, after a brief attempt to play
the part of constitutional president, has
Mt last cast aside even the p%retense of le-
gal right and declared himself dictator.
As a consequence, a condition of affairs
now exists in Mexico which has made it
doubtful whether even the most element
airy and fundamental rights either of her
people or the citizens Of other c9un-
tries resident within her territory can long
be successfully safeguarded, and which
threatens. If long continued, to imperil the
interests of peace, order, and tolerable
life in the lands Immediately to the south
of us. Even if the usurper had succeeded
in his purposes, in despite of the constitu-
ton of the republic and the rights OF its
people, he would have set up nothing, but
a precarious and hateful power, which
could have lasted but a little while, and
whose eventual downfall would have left
the country in a more deplorable ae c9ndit1 ION
has forfeited the respect and the moral
support even of those who We're at one
time willing to see him succeed: Little
by little he has been completely isolated.
BY a little every day his power and pres
tige are crumbling and the collapse is not
far away. We shall not, believe, be
waiting. And then, when the end comes,
we shall nope to see constitutional order
restored in distressed Mexico by the con-
cert and energy of such of her leaders as
prefer the liberty of their people to their
own ambitions.
Currency Reform.
T turn to matters of domestic concern.
You already ave under consideration a
bill for the reform of our system of bank
ing and currency. for which the country
waits with Impotence, as for something
fundamental to its whole business life
and necessary to set credit free from ar,
bitrary and artificial restraints. / need
not say how earnestly l hope for its early
enactment into law. [ take leave to beg
that the whole energy and attention OF the
4. Stlldl Oe SOllSSIIi lCo opSh I SbA lily
matter is successfully disposed of. And
yet I feel that the request is not needed
that the members of that great house
need no urging in this service to the coun-
try.
/ present to you, in addition. the
urgent necessity that special provision be
made also for facilitating. the credits
needed by the farmers Of the country.
The pending currency bill does the
farmers a great service. 1t puts them
upon an equal footing with other bust
ness men and masters of enterprise, as
it should; and upon its passage they
win find themselves quit of many of the
the field of credit. The farmers, OF
course, ask and should be given no spe-
cial privilege, such as extending to them
the credit of the government itself.
What they need and should obtain is
legislation which will make their own
abundant and substantial credit re-
sources available as a foundation for
Joint, concerted local action in their OWE
behalf in getting the capital they must
use. 1t is to this we should now ad-
dress ourselves.
Need of Rural Credits.
1t has, %singularly enough, come to pass
that we have allowed the industry of our
farms to lag behind the other activities
of the country in its development. ]
need not stop to tell you how funda-
mental to the life of the nation is the