davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-07-08

No. 1885
Smith Carey & Company. William Nc
Dernott. interviewer, Appeuee,)
The Atchison Live Stock Company, ct al,
CW- J. Bailey, as Receiver of the Atch-
1sOn Live Stock Company. Appellant
Appeal from Atchison County.
AFFIRMED.
Syllabus BY the Court. Smith, J.
L To entitIe a party to an order under
section $50 OF the code OF civil procedure
Section $3.50 Of the General Statutes of
1863, it is necessary for him to produce
evidence not only that he has given the
opposite party notice of the application
but also that the book, paper or docu-
ment is in existence.
. although the allowance of such or
d n without evidence of such fact or facts
constitutes renewable error, such error
becomes not prejudicial when the party
who procures the order does not on the
trial. rely upon affidavits to prove the
contents of the book. paper or document
but produces the evidence of competent
witnesses 10 prove both the existence and
the contents of such book, paper or docu-
ment-
All the Justices concurriug.
\ true ccny.
Attest D. A. VALENTINE.
ISeaLl Clerk Supreme Court
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-07-08

No 1866.
z. B. Burnett, Appellee,
VS.
The Topeka Railway Company, Appellant.
Appeal from Shawnee County
First Division
AFFIRMED.
Syllabus BY the Court West, J.
The rule that when the special findings
are inconsistent with one another and
some of them with the general verdict,
the case has not really been decided and
a new trial should be granted, followed
All the Justices concurring.
A true copy.
Attest: D. A VALENTINE.
ISeaL1 Clerk Supreme Court
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-07-08

D. A VALENTINE,
Clerk Supreme Court
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1913-10-06

S~~~~-~-~~--~-~~--~-~---~ ---~------.7~
LADIES When delayed or iffe2 iIaf
use Triumph pills; ai~dts depend
able. Relief and particulars free
Write National Medical institute, NIL
waukee, Wis.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1913-10-06
DR.. |. c. RAMALEY

Physician and EurE on
q'rsats Ill d seaseE ~ man
kind visits day or might
city and country. So years
experience. AilI3htt ~
Private q eases q special
a.sC Efiics { "a
hta..A avenue tbEpps -
posiofficel Phone 45k
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1913-10-06

MI. b ana
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1913-10-06

~ ga NJ a.et
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

/ could not think of undertaking to
supply that number for less than $3.50
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13
Opening One of Mexico's New Railways

bare feet with strings OF the same mas
terial. They have but little baggage, with
the exception of baskets or bundles. which'
they bring into the oars. !,
Mexican as Railway 'Employo
am told that the Mexican is q fairly
good railroad man. About decade ago
more than 15 per cent of all the men who
worked on the roads We're Americans Thsl
engineers. brahemen and conductors came
from the United States and every city
along the line had It's little colony OF
American railroad employees. This has
been changed. Four-flfths of the Ameri-
cans have gone and the roads are now
altogether managed by natives
The highest officials and the clerical.
force in the general offices here ara
largely Americans, but the rank and files
who do the operating and running the
trains. are Mexicans.
This has come from q decision OF tho
railway managers made number OF
years ago, that they must educate the
natives to fill such positions IL they
would have permanent employees at rea-
sonable wages. They began this, and
wherever possible, transferred a Mex
lean into the vacancy whenever q
foreigner left. They taught the native
telegraph operators to become train dis
patchers and they took the best of the
carpenters, mechanics and boilermakers
trained in their shops and made them
foremen, shopkeepers and managers.
They have elevated native iremen on
the engines to locomotive engineers,
have picked out the best native brake
men and made them conductors, and
the same with every branch Of the op-
Grating force.
AS a result, more than half of the
railways are now run by native en-
ployes. and that at five or six times
the wages they were receiving when
they entered the employ of the roads,
but at very much lower wages than
foreigners could be had. The natives
received from 25 to rs cents gold per
day at the time they came into the
service, and they are now earning from
s1.25 to So per day, and In some cases
more.
I am told that this experiment has
proved good for the railways. It has
cheapened the cost, and at the same
time has popularized the management.
1t has also helped to create middle
class in Mexico, in which respect the
country Is woefully lacking. Railway
officials say that these changes will be
continued. and that the number of
American employees will be less and less
from year to year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

given free use of state buildings for their
Clubs and casinos; but the hungry sol
diers have to pay the state a rent for the
use of government buildings as canteens.
The state lays a nlggard hand on the
SURPRISES or the eanteens, which are en-
tirely derived from the mems money. HIf
compels the canteens TO buy large stocks
OF TEDIOUS pohtieal and religious journals
which the men do not read. When--in
rare generous mood--lt resolves to give a.
reward to a man for good shooting or for
otherwise serving with distinction, it does
not always do this out of its own pocket
1t takes the money out of the profits of
the canteen. which ought to go for the
benefit of the soldiers Many essentials of
military equipment are supplied in this
way at the mems expense. The govern
ment does not even supply the army with
water buckets which. are Indispensable. II
lets the regiments huy the buckets out of
the profits of the canteen.
Ge. many's soldiers, Shankr to tile states
incredible thrift. are the worst clothed
in Europe. Both boots and overcoats
are cheap and bad. For parade purposes
the soldiers have good and new uniforms:
but for ordinary drill and daily life they
wear patched and ancient garments. The
reason of this is the queer system of al
icttflls rHoiley. once q year every army
corps is credited with 4 fixed sum for uni
forms. which 1t is told it must not ex-
ceed. 1t is instructed al the same time to
save as much of this money as possible.
Thus every regiment understands that
Berlin requires il to be as eheaply and
as badly clothed as possible The zone
year soldiers. have 10 pay for all their
clothes The ordinary priyate's uniform
suit goes through miscellaneous adven-
lures lasting on an average for nine years
before it Is finally cast away. Sometimes
it lies for years in tine magazine of a
landwehr battalion before being first
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

for this haul of less than 300 miles
We're SIS a ton and its passenger fares
were 10 cents a mile. The road is a
marvel of engineering and it has some
of the steepest grades upon record. 1t
runs from the 1owlands at Vera Cruz
right up the mountains, and 1t has
some grades SO steep that Siamese
twin engine. with a double header, has
been constructed to mount them. This
engine has two fire boxes, two boil
ers and two sets of driving wheels to
make 1t go. With 1t the train climbs
an altitude of $500 feet in IL miles;
and more than 1000 feet in 20 miles
lifting you out of the tropics and into
the temperate zone.
Queer Features of Railway Building
large part of the old Mexican road
had ties of mahogany and ebony. The
chief objection to the ebony ties was
that it was hard to drive the spikes
into them and almost impossible to
get them out when the rails had to be
changed On the Tehauntepec road
some of the track is laid on mahog-
any ties which cost there from 35 to
SO cents each. The ebony trees do not
grow as large as the mahogany trees
and their ties are more expensive to
make. on the Mexican road many steel
hollow plates, about four inches wide
and of the same length as an ordi-
nary tie. so made that when turned up
side down they look like trough.
The Interoceanic road uses steel disks
to hold the rails, tying them together
with a cross piece of iron, but these
do not work as well as the solid steel
ties.
A large part of the Mexican Central
railway is laid with wooden ties and
this reminds me of a story one of
the constructors tells as to Mexican
contracts. Said he:
"The average haciendado here has
queer ideas of business. found a strip
of forest along the line of the Mex
lean Central which might have sup
piled us with a goodly number of ties.
I called upon the owner and asked
him at what rate he could supply US
with 5000 He replied that the price
would be SO cents each. / then said
said: But suppose l take $4,000 ties
ooh, replied the man. In that case
I could not let you have them for
less than IS cents apiece
And if | want 100000
Zone hundred thousand tiesv ex-
claimed the farmer, raising his hands.
I doubt whether 1 could get them out.
1t would be great deal of trouble.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13
S1o,u Starvation For Gernays Euer- Increasing Army

cents a day is for board on what
is known as lower scale. This is al
lowed when the men are in garrison.
When they are on active service, during
manoeuvres. they are put on higher
SCALE" and get AZ cents extra. For the
lower scale allowance the soldier gets
about 1k lb of bread. a little coffee,
ounces of raw meat, including 10 per
cent of bone; u lb. of vegeta bles, and
some salt. The higher scale allowance
contains about 2 ounces more meat.
Whatever more the German soldier eats.
whether of necessaries or luxuries, comes
out of his own pocket, or the pockets
of relatives or adoring cooks.
Germany's feeding system dates back
to the eighteenth century--to the giori-
Gus days of Frederick the Great, when
Prussia was poor state, and when the
standard OF living was very much lower
than it is today. 1t is estimated that
since then Germany has multiplied her
wealth more than twentyfold. But she
persists in feeding her soldiers practical
ly in the same way as she did $50 years
ago. The food is rough in quality and
insufficient IL quantity. AT an age when
they have not ceased growing young
Germans are thus taken from relatively
prosperous working class and peasant
families and kept for Two years In a
state of undertaking And with this go
underhnusing and inferior clothing. AL
though the army has increased by o0.-
0O0 men in the last 10 years. the baTack
accommodation remains unchanged, and
many men are put up in temporary iron
shelters. The barracks are always un-
derheated, and as in summer time no
oil is allowed for lighting, men have to
go tn he'd in the dark
That is the way in which thrifty Ger
many treats her defenders No wonder
her army ccsts less per head than the
The weak side of the system Is its reac-
tion on the men, The discipline is far
too good to allow OF hunger revolts, but
the men show their discomfort by OBJ
stinately refusing to serve on as nom
commissioned officers after their two
years term has expired Under the two
years service law. all nol-commissioned
officers are got by inducing men to stay
on. but no compulsion can be used The
inducement given is promise of a post
in the police and on the railroads after
retirement to civilian life. These posts
are much coveted. But such is the dis
like Of remaining in the army that ths
best men usually refuse; second best
men must he taken for training as non
CONS, and this operates injuriously upon
the discipline and morals Of the whole
army.
The new army bill. as far as Is known
will not do anything to remedy these
evils few military journals are clam
oring that something be done at least
toward improving the Infantry private's
food. But the usual objection will be
made that the state has got no money,
and Germanys hungry legions will re
main as hungry as ever.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

bonds and stock outstanding, Is about
s1s5,OOO per mile. upon which 1t had
in 1911 a net income of per cent. Pre-
ferred stock pays a per cent divi-
dend.
Southern Pacific Railway in Mexico
Outside of the National railways, the
most important system in the republic
is that of the Southern Pacific Company
of Mexico. This was projected by Har-
riman as a connection with our South
ern Pacific, and includes a number of
lines along the west coast. 1t has now
almost thousand miles of railroad,
and has concessions which entail the
building of abut 500 miles more. This
road has been seriously injured dur
ing the revolution, but many of the
bridges destroyed have been replaced,
and improvements will be made as soon
IS possible and the road completed. The
Southern Pacific lines connect the
northwestern part of the country with
the port of Guaynas, and they are now
In operation as far south as Topic.
They will be extended to Guadalajara in
connection with short strip of the
National railways, as soon as condi-
tions are settled. ~
Mexico's Oldest Railway
The first railway in Mexico was a
line two and one-half miles long, which
ran from Mexico City to the Shrine
of Guadalupe. This was built in 1854,
and three years later the concession
was granted for the old Mexican rail-
road which ran from Vera Cruz to
Mexico City. This was built by Eng
liSh capital under a good concession.
and it was completed in 1873. having
at that time received something like
s12.0O0,000 in subsidies. The road is
about 900 miles long, including its
branches, and it cost over $50, 900, 900,
or about 100000 a mile. When it was
begun the Indians objected to its con-
struction and in order to pacify them
the work was begun at both ends and
carried on to the meeting point, half
way between the coast and the cap
ital AS all the materials came from
England. this entailed an enormous
expense, it costing as much as IS to
bring a steel rail from Vera Cruz to
the capital by wagon. The same was
so for time OF the Mexican Central
railroad, which runs from FL Paso TO
Mexico City
The road from Vera Cruz was cap
italized at $46.000,000. and it has al
ways paid a good profit on the invest :
ment. For long time ii had a mon
opoly and at the start its freight rates
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13
Passenger Travel

/ could not think of undertaking to
supply that number for less than $1.50
each.'"
Passenger Travel
I find the Mexican railways we'll
managed and the cars exceedingly
comfortable. There are Pullman sleep
ers on all the main lines and under
ordinary conditions one can take his
berth or drawing room at st. Louis
and go to Mexico City without change.
The eating arrangements are excellent
and the fares are about the same as
in the states
As to local travel, the rates are less
than those of our country, the usual first
class fare being two and four-tenths
cents gold mile and the second class
about one cent and quarter per mile.
All of the principal railways have first
and second class coaches. but only the
common people and the Indians use the
latter. Nevertheless IS per cent of the
passenger revenues come from the second
class. The poems love to travel, and
whenever one of them gets a few dollars
ahead he spends II by giving himself and
his family railway journey. Sometimes
he rides as far as he can and then comes
back upon foot. One Of the great sources
of such traffic Is the religious shrines.
The poems go upon pilgrimages to them
and they sometimes travel hundreds of
miles by rail in that way The passenger
head of the National Railway tells me
that his road brings thousands every year
to tho Church of Guadalupe. and that this
traffic alone pays his road s150o00 gold
every year. The railroads receive a large
revenue by running excursions, and among
the events which add to the traffic are
the celebrations of saint days, fiestas and
such attractions as bull fights, cock fights,
horse races and balloon escensions.
During my travels here 1 have spent
considerable time on these second class
coaches watching the people. The cars
are of the cheapest description. Their
seats are hard wooden benches which run
along under the windows like old
fashioned street car and have another
double row of benches running through
the center of the car with their seats back
to back. There are no cushions and no
rests for the arms. The cars are usually
packed with men, women and children,
ranging in color from white to dark
copper, the Indian types predominating.
Most of the men are clad in cotton, wear
ing sombreros and serapas. The women
are usually without hats or bonnets, and
they have shawls of cotton or silk over
their heads All are barefooted, except
for sandals of sole leather tied to their
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

Southern Pacific has been improving its
roadway. This work has, of course, been
outside the region of active rebellion.
Mexico's Railway System
Few people appreciate how rapidly
Mexico has been moving during recent
years along railway lines. In COM
parison with the character and number
of Its population, it has been building
such lines faster than almost any other
country. 1t has now more than twice
as many miles of railroad as either
Spain or Italy, it has 1000 miles more
than Austria and an equal amount in
advance of the Argentine Republic. It
is far ahead of Brazil and there is not
n Spanish-American country on this
hemisphere which approaches it in rail-
way construction.
The lines now built are more than
5000 miles and their cost has been
over $500, 100000 in gold or these
roads, 10 per cent We're constructed I'M
der American auspices, is per cent by
the English and other foreigners and
15 per cent by the Mexicans
The general idea is that the govern
men owns or controls all the roads. This
Is not so. The Mexican railways are
now operated by 40 Independent cor
pority of the stock of the National Rail-
ways of Mexico only, which have al
together about 5000 miles, and it oper-
ates some other railways, such as the
Iner-Oceanic under long time leases.
The government is improving these
lines, and it is now building eight
branch lines which aggregate over 1116
miles. The most important of these Is
q road from Tampico to Vera Cruz, with
short line connecting with Mexico
City.
The government roads are known as
the National Railways of Mexico. They
consist chiefly of three main lines
which were merged into the one system
in 1909. These lines are the old Ma
tiona1 railway, the old Mexican Central
railway and the old Mexican Interna-
tional railway. In addition to this, they
include the Vera Cruz and Isthmus rail-
ways and the Pan American railway,
which has been built to the Guatemala
border. These lines belong to the gov
ernment in the sense that it owns the
majority of the stock. The bonds are
held abroad, as is also a little more
than 40 per cent of the stock. The bond
holders are operating the property, and
the chief officials are Americans. The
net capitalization of the road including
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

Copyrighted. 1918, by Frank G. CT
penter)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13
German Soldiers in Their Hand Me-
Downs

worn. Then for years it is worn only
on parade and special occasions, for the
temporary owner on ordinary occasions
wears old and patched uniforms The.uni-
form passes from soldier to soldier: and
as it loses its newness is worn more and
more for ordinary every day use. When
1t has got to it's sixth owner it Is worn
every day, and when reduced to rag,
more patches than original, it is still
handed on to some iInlucky conscript for
wearing in times OF rough work.
The German infantry equipment has
been repeatedly condemned. The ar
ticles composing it are too light; and many
of them fall to pieces This is result
of state thrift The infantry boot in par
ticular was condemned. Similar boots
were worn by the Russians in the far east.
and was one of many causes of their de-
feat by the Japanese Whether worn
with socks. or as Germans mostly wear
it, with ;'fusslappen" wound round the
foot, 1t causes soreness. The superior
marching of French Infantry is ascribed
to their wearing smaller and lighter
boot.
Germany's warriors are probably the
worst fed In Europe. Certainly they are
the cheapest fed although food In Ger
many is dearer than anywhere else.
Thirty pfennigs day, or about eight
cents, is allowed for morning, midday
and evening meals. Until three years
ago the amount allowed was only 8
cents. The morning meal is merely cof-
fee, costing less than a cent the even
ing meal, coffee and fragment of sau-
sage. The midday dinner is the only
real meal supplied, and it is prepared by
the men themselves, with the result of
waste. The corporals and other nom
commissioned OFFICERS are little better off
than the privates. The corporal's board
costs one cent day extra, and the SER
geant majors costs cents extra. The
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13

As to the railway officials, they claim
that conditions are not half as bad as
they have been painted. They are plan
ming new construction work and as soon
as quiet is restored a number of new
lines will be built The National Rail
ways have just completed a final survey
of a line from Tampico to Matamoras, a
distance greater than from New York to
Boston, and they have built something
like 800 miles on several branches of their
system within the past II months. The
Southern Pacific company has added con-
siderably to its mileage on the west coast
during 1912, and the Mexican Northwest
ern railway has completed it's line from
Ell Paso to Chihuahua.
By Rail to Yucatan
In addition to this, concessions have
been asked for number of lines. Two
railway companies have been formed to
build roads south of the Isthmus of Te-
huantepec. One of these is to go from
Santa Lucretia on the Tehunantepec Ma
tional railway, to the town of Sampeche,
through the states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco
and Campeche. and it will there connect
with the United Railways of Yucatan.
This road is financed by different capital-
lists. 1t is now being surveyed and con-
struction will soon commence. This Will
form a main line between the rest of the
republic and the peninsula of Yucatan,
and will enable one to go from. the United
States to that country by rail. 1t Will
open up some of tho richest tropical
country of the world.
Another important line, financed by
the British, but to be built by Ameri-
cans, has been projected from Acapulco
on the west coast throught the state OF
Guerrero to Balsas, on the Balsas river,
where connection will be made with
the National railways. 1t will open up
semi-tropical region and also large
timber and mineral reserves.
Improving the Main Line
In addition to this new construction,
the old roads are being improved. Not
withstanding the revolution. the Ma
tional railways have been relaying
much of their main line with S5-pound
steel rails and they have improved
hundreds of miles of track on that
line with rock ballast. They have added
to the rolling stock by the addition of
many oil-burning locomotives and of
new passenger and freight cars The
Mexican railway has during the same
time relaid its main track with heavier
steel and has turned its engines from
coal burning to oil-burning, while the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-04-13
He Was Truthful

From the Chicago Record Herald.
Teacher" said boy in New York
city school. my sisters got the
measles" well. then. my boy you
go home and you stay at home until
your sister has entirely got over
Them After the boy was gone an
other boy raised his hand and said:
sTeacher. that boys sister what's got
the measles lives in Omaha"