The Washington herald., 1913-03-02

stage in the processes Of production. II
he lives in Mississippi his harvest IL
increased by 535 pounds. which at ~
cents a pound. amount to *o3.So. ~
he lives in Georgia. the increase Is 'is
pounds No more missionary work is
necessary with Jones. I've been farm
ing for quarter of century. ne
will tell his neighbors, but l nnd tnat
1 am only one year old
The Road to Independence.
Now, still talking about Jones, the
increased cost to him in the cuitiVa-
tion of the acre has been so trifiing
that It has no place in the mathemat-
les OF his achievement. We then pro-
ceed to show him that he needs more
power-more horses and mules. The
average number of horses and mules
on the farms of Missouri Is $40, and
on the farms of Iowa II Is lilo, while
in five States South. namely, South
Carolina. North Carolina. Georgia, Ala
bama. and Mississippi. the average is
only one and a fraction. The averages
as to cows are about the same.
I'VE tell Jones that he will always
be poor and in debt unless he produces
his own food. Plant corn, raise hogs,
keep poultry. get couple of cows,
start a garden and set out fruit trees,
we say. BE sure that you have enough
to eat After you have provided for
your own food supply and fodder
enough for YOUR live stock. then put in
the crops which you mean TO sell. Do
as we say, and you will be Independent
for the first time in your life
Certainty of production is the one
great object at the base Of our meth
ods There will be lean and fat years.
naturally. but no seasons when all the
crops will be total failures. The guam
tity of farm staples is being increased,
therefore. the cost of production Is be-
ing decreased. the farmer is making
more money than ever. and Yet con-
ditions are being created that Will
have tendency TO lower prices 10 the
consumer. While our demonstrations
have been made In the South. our prin-
ciples are applicable to the West. and
our work. I feel sure. will be extended
until il takes in the entire country. II
is the practical and visible teaching. YOU
see. OF the truths contained in books
and bulletins"
Long Leases for Renters.
"Are too many farms being worked
by renters I asked.
II shall answer that question by say
ing that tsnantry is becoming an
American problem. The pioneers who
settled the prairies are growing old.
their lands have made them by
their own standa rds-their children
have gone into towns and cities, and
they move into the nearest villages
themselves and rent their farms to
strangers. A man with a lease running
from year 10 year will not. in tho very
nature of things. take very good care
of the land he Is cultivatinG. II We
must have a tenant class. then We
Loo iS
in England and Scotland"
rs there any cooperation among
farmers in the selling Of their products
and in buying their supplies and ma
chinery"'
"A great deal in selling. hut scarcely
any as vet in buying. Cooperation is
a growing question. II IS not Social
ism. as the farmers look a. It. but
brings about a more direct and better
sum"rs. There are many cooperative
grain elevators and creameries In the
Northwest. cooperative cotton-Ein
is being successfully operated IN the
South But all cooperative enterprises
must he unselfshly conducted IL they
are 10 last. Corporations are run on
the principles Of high finance: coop
Grafton should he run OF the principles
of low and Just finance Shareholders
In the cotton-gin I spoke Of are paid
s per cent interest and no more. The
net earnings are distributed as divi-
dends to the farmers who bring their
cotton 20 the gin. Profits are appor-
toned not on the basis of capital in
vested. but on the volume Of business
actually done. That is genuine CO.
operation. When profits are paid to
shareholders. the enterprise is corpor-
ative and not cooperative"
Would the establishment Of rural
banks help the agricultural classes.
Surely, and such banks are bound
to come. In the Middle West farmers
can borrow money at per cent. Be-