davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
ACID FRUITS BEST
FOR MAKING JELLY
Contain Most ''PeCtin," Prop
erty Which Makes Juice
GeIatinize-SOme Recipes.

The average housekeeper often feels
jelly than of preserves and it is al
most a gamble" There is a long
story of pectose and pectase (Which
the average woman has no time or
inclination 10 understand or under
stand or solve.) These always exists
in unripe fruit. AS the fruit ripenS
they together form pectin. This is
necessary material for jelly making.
Pectin is at its best when fruit is
just ripe, but, as we so rarely are able
to secure the fruit at just that time,
il is far better TO use il a little before
for making jelly. Pectin has the
power TO gelantiniZe. Too long boil
ing of fruit and sugar causes the pee
tin TO lose this power. Acid fruits
contain most pectin, so 1t is often nee
essary TO combine fruits as the straw
berry, which has very little jelly-mak-
ing pectin with currant or gOoseberry
and we have a fine jelly. Here is a
list of the best jelly making fruits.
Currants, crabapple, apple, ounce,
peach. Apples will form a jelly base
and may be favored with almost any
fruit flavor or spice.
Strain all juices for jelly through
cheese-cloth bags. Do not press, but
allow to drip slowly and for every
pint of juice used add one pint of
granulated sugar and boil slowly
twenty minutes.
Raspberries and currants, equal
amounts and make the same as cur
rant jelly.
Marmalades require great care
while cooking. They burn very east
ly. If it is made from berries the
fruit should be rubbed through a fine
sieve to remove all seeds. Measure
fruit and sugar, allowing one pint of
sugar TO each quart of fruit pulp.
Rinse the preserving kettle so sides
and bottom are moist. Add layer of
fruit. then layer of sugar until not
more than two layers of each are
used. (Layers TO be not more than
two inches deep.) Heat slowly and
stir constantly. If one has an iron
stand used for holding a sad iron
stand place it under the kettle so as
TO allow an air space between heat
and kettle bottom. Allow to boil
slowly two hours for not more than
four quarts of fruit. Pack in small
jars or glasses and cover with paraf-
| fine
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
SUNDAY SCHOOL PICNIC
OVER AT HUDSON LAKE

Plans are being made for the picnic
Of the Indiana Av. Christian church
Sunday school picnic at Hudson lake
Saturday. The sunday school mem
bers Will leave on special cars at
1890 in the forenoon and at 1:45. A
program of athletic events races for
boys and girls, and a ball game Will
occupy the day.
a reception Of new members will
be held at the church Friday evening
when refreshments vii be served be-
fore the program begins. Prayer
meeting will be held Wednesday even
ing and the Building Fund commit
tee Will meet Tuesday evening.
The pastor Rev. Cecil Franklin,
preached two sermons on the Holy
Spirit Sunday.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
JULY SEES NEW RECORD
IN NUMBER OF FIRES

Although half Of July has not pass
ed. the month has established a rec
ord for having the largest number Of
fire calls ever recorded at the fire
station. In the past the maximum
number of fire calls answered by tho
South Bend fire station has never ex-
ceeded 40. This year, July IA finds
nearly so recorded, probably due TO
the exceedingly dry weather. The
largest number OF roof fires and OF
grass fires brings the number up,
while fires starting under all cOndi-
tlOns are more numerous than ever.
Although there has been a large
nun. Der Of fires the damage has been
Kept at a mark slightly over zero, as
but few fires have been recorded
where there was any loss at all. Fire
departments were called out five times
TO Put out grass fires Sunday.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
LAGER BEER
Can Be Made at Nome for
One Cent a Glass

Cincinnati. Ohio. July Is, 1913
Through a recent invention OF an expert
Rrewmaster OF this city sparkling and
foaming lager Beer can be made right at
home for one cent a glass. He has con-
centrated Barley. Malt and Hops, the
principle ingredients OF Beer. so that sim
ply by the addition Of water and sugar
genuine and pure Lager Beer can be
made Easily made in any kitchen, no
apparatus, no experience necessary. "A few
minutes does the work. 1t Is claimed by
many that the Beer made by his method
Is better and purer than the best Brew
cry Beer. and above all saves the Brew
ers' enormous profits. The question OF
the Legality OF his method has been care
fully investigated by the highest autbOri-
ties and found 70 be legitimate IN every
respect He has written a very interest
ing booklet giving the Secrets OF Brew
ing Beer at Home" and by writing 20
BrewmaSte-. A :. Shuh. 116O Sycamore
ST. Cincinnati. o., he will be more than
pleased 10 mail his booklet absolutely
free 70 anyone sending their name and
address.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

SSoeeiGGe6

Mrs. Warde l.. Mack gave a pretty
3 o'clock tea for seven girls Monday
afternoon in the Lexington Tea room.
The affair was in compliment 10 her
two nieces Miss Wilhelmina Smith.
Of Chicago. and Miss Margaret Cal
lander. Of Des Moines Ia who are
her house guests. The guests were
the Misses Esther and Josephine
Crabill. Mary Hammond, Josephine
Williams and her house guest, Miss
COrinne Reichenbach. OF Chicago.
Miss Edna CrrsNadden entertained
a small company on girls at a chatting
dish supper Sunday evening.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
DESTITUTE AMERICANS
ARRIVE FROM MEXICO
Many Face Financial Ruin From
Series of Revolutions That Have
ParalyZed Business.

WASHINGTON, July 14.-Destitute
Americans are arriving in the United
States on every boat from Mexican
ports. Many of them face financial
ruin in consequence Of the series of
revolutions which has paralyzed COM
mercial and industrial enterprises,
and they are leaving the southern re-
public with reluctance.
American cOnsUls are empowered
TO draw upon the states department
for funds TO bring Americans out OF
the various danger zones and in some
instances, notably at Torreon, Am
bassador Henry Lane Wilson has sen
money TO be expended by consults and
consular agents TO relieve actual hun
ger.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
To Look and Feel
Bright in Hot Weather
From The Woman Beautifully

(From The Woman Beautifully
This is the season when she who would
have rose leaf complexion. Hly-white
neck and hands, should turn her thoughts
TO mercolfzed wax, the firm friend of
the summer girl. Nothing so effectually
oVercomes the soiling effects of sun. wind.
dust and dirt The wax literally absorbs
the scOrched. discOlOred withered or
coarsened cuucle, bringing forth a brand
new skin, clear soft and girlishly beau
tifu!. 1t also unclOgs the pores. removing
blackheads and increasing the skins
breathing capacity. An ounce of mer-
co4ized wax. Obtainable at any drug store.
applied nightly like cold cream. and
washed of mornings. will gradually i'm
prove the worst complexion
When depressed by the heat and Won
want to freShen up for the evening. battle
the face In lotion made by uissolving
an ounce of powdered saxOlite In a baif
pint witch hazel You'll find this more
refreshing than an hours rest Ii is fine
for smoothing out wrinkles, even the
deeper ones.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
KILLED BY INTERURBAN

TERRA HAUTE, Ind, July IL
Miss Anna Denam, 25 years old, Of
Sanford, west of Terre H9ute, was
killed Sunday night by an eastbound
interurban car. A passing freight
train prevented her hearing the car
and she stepped directly in its path.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
SCHERMANN FOR COUNCIL

William Schermann, 213 Bridge St,
for 40 years a-reFident of South Bend,
has announced his candidacy for the
nomination for councilman from the
Fourth ward on the democratic ticket.
Mr. Schermann was i'm the council Il
years ago and made a good record.
He has lived in the Fourth ward for
so years
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
Plum Jelly

Use an unripe acid plum. Wash
fruit and remove all stems. To each
peck of fruit add one quart of water.
Cool gently until plums fall to pieces.
(Be careful and stir as they burn cas-
ily.) Strain juice through cheese
cloth bag and allow a bowl of juice
to bowl of sugar. Heat slowly TO
boiling point and boil fifteen minutes.
Turn into tumblers. Wild grapes
make a most delicious jelly.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

Wirth a young Australian who will
be seen for the first time here
The clowns, of whom p. T. Barn
UNI once said, they are the peg upon
which the circus is hung" number
over two score.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

Better than gold-Hollister's Rocky
Mountain Tea Nuggets (tablets). Ger
tainly will do you more good than
gold if your stomach, liver, kidneys
or bowels be out of order, or you
have any skin trouble. Health is
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
CITIZENS MEETING

The 18th ward citizens will be held
at the Studebaker School on Monday
evening, July 14th. Good speakers.
Everybody welcome. AdVt
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

Strawberry and Currant jelly
To ten quarts of strawberries add
two quarts of currants and proceed
as for currant jelly. Boil fifteen min
utes after it begins to bubble. Fine
for game.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
SILK SALE TUESDAY

Beautiful fancy foulards and fame.
Messiline silks, the best 81 and $1.2,
qualities, Tuesday sec.
COME To THE SILK STORE
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14
Brandon & Durrel Co.

This store is known to be the great
est silk storein Northern Indiana and
tomorrow we offer 81 and SIPS silks
for sec.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

Miss Corinne Reichenbach. Of Chi
cage, who is the guest OF Miss Jo-
sephine Williams will return We'd
nesday.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1913-07-14

wealth" 80 cents. Tea or Tablets.
Coonley Drug Store. Advt.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
The Real Cause Was That the Army Of
the Potomac Fought Him There, for
the First Time, Under Thorough
ly Efficient Leadership.

Lee was in a hostile country with the
line Of his communications endangered.
That neither general knew Of the tacti-
cal importance OF Gettysburg is no dis
credit TO either, IN view Of the slight
knowledge in both armies of the country
in which they were operating and the
poorness Of the maps. The place OF Lees
concentration was dictated solely by his
knowledge of the strategic importance OF
Gettysburg under the circumstance OF his
having been compelled 20 withdraw Ewel
from the direction Of Harrisburg but ex-
actly where the battle would be fought
he could not have known until much later
than the time ne issued orders for the
concentration OF his corps at Gettysburg.
Similarly Meade. although he knew OF
the strategic Importance Of Gettysburg
and consequently that he might attempt
to concentrate there. could not twenty
four hours before the battle have been
able. any more than Lee, 10 predict with
certainty that the impending battle would
take place at Gettysburg.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

concentration to the southeast compelled
him 10 ieassemble his army then
stretched as far east as the Susquehanna
River, In order TO make or meet an at
tack.
Some Southern writer's contend that Lee
had determined to fight on the defensive
at Cashtown. where the tactical condi-
tions FOR defence were admirable Yet
il is easy to show that such plan would
have been impracticable Had Lee re-
NAMED at Cashtown he would have left
uncovered the Monterey pass six or eight
miles to the South. That pass led 70
Waynesboro and Hagerstown. and oper
ating through it the Federal army could
have threatened or broken his long ana
irregular line OF communication with
Williamsport. his base on the Potomac.
To cover both the Cashtown and Mon
terey passes ii was necessary 70 push to
Gettysburg. strategically the commanding
point IN the valley east OF the South
Mountain
Neither Lee nor Meade knew anything
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
& @ ~@@ <'N4

under the circumstances Of Meade's ad-
vance 10 converge upon Gettysburg but
not necessarily with the knowledge that
the battle would take place there That
was a question which depended upon the
fnal action of the Army of the Potomac.
II the Army of the Potomac had not at
that time been so well advanced and In
hand as ii proved TO be. despite the ne
cessities which had embarrassed its prog
ress. Lee must either have retreated and
abandoned the invasion or else have ad-
vInced south beyond Gettysburg
Lee had no alternative but TO deliver
battle speedily or speedily 10 retreat.
Only two days before the battle IT was
more urgent for the Army Of the Poto-
mac 10 meet the Army of Northern Vir-
ginia than IT was for the Army of North
ern Virginia to meet the Army of the
Potomac Now Meade was In a position
where II was more urgent for Lee 10
seek him than TO be sought: for not only
was the line OF the Susquehanna safe and
Washington and Baltimore covered. but
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

awhile on the morning Of july >.
But many single regiments in the Union
army had heavier losses than were sus-
tanned by this entire corps. The moral
support which il gave was valuable. but
Lees army did not have TO night II. De-
Quoting two Of its three divisions-about
1000 men-from Meades fighting total
and the 1000 cavalry under Buford sent
away To Frederick on July >. the Federal
superiority was triling. II is absurd 70
sav that Lee was beaten al Gettysburg by
mere weight Of numbers.
2 The explanation that ne was forced 10
dght at Gettysburg against his inclina-
ton and Judgment Is equally unsound. IL
is true that when he first heard from a
scout that the Federal army had crossed
tho Potomac and was in the neighoor-
hood Of Frederick, Md, he ordered con
centration OF his scattered corps at Cash
town. Penn. village on the east side OF
the south Mountain at the foot Of the
mass leading west 10 Chambersburg. That
was the natural thing to do A Federal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

Of the advantages which Gettysburg Of
fered as a field OF battle. but both were
drawn there by manifest considerations
OF strategy. Meade had considered the
possibility II fighting on the line OF Pipe
Creek. near Manchester. Md. and If Lees
concentration had taken place few days
earlier the point Of contact between the
two armies would have been further
south or further southeast. But Meade's
rapid forward movement soon carried him
beyond the Pipe Creek position, and the
left wing of his army under General John
f. Reynolds. hurrying in Lees direction
found II still practicable to try 70 seize
control of the valley west from Cash
town which the possession of Gettysburg
with its many converging roads offered.
The military situation on June 30 is set
forth with remarkable precision ana
clearness I'm the narrative of the Gettys-
burg campaign which appears In The
Life and Letters OF George Gordon
Meade issued only few weeks ago. IL
was written by Lieutenant Colonel George
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

over $1,000 to Mcclellan 10000 AT the
second battle OF Manassas he had 4SoW 10
Pope's 10000 At Antietam he had 300"
against McClelan's $500. At FredericKs-
burg he had 1900 against Burnsides $
113.OoO. and at Chancellorsvilie 6oovo
against Hookers 10000
At Gettysburg Lee could. therefore, con
graduate himself that he was racing
slighter odds than usual. All through the
first days battle the Confederaies out
numbered the Federals, and the balance
was not reversed until after the seconu
days fghting had nearly ended "heh tne
Sixth Corps. after night and day forced
march Of thirty-four miles, reacheu
Meade's rear.
The Sixth Corps was the largest IN the
UnioA army numbering about le'o" men
II was tagged out when 1t came on tne
field and it's participation IN the pa''ie
was slight The first division lost 10
men killed and wounded the sec
ond 10 and the third 25i' the ia'tel
body being smartly in acuoh ioi
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

Meade. who served with his father as aid
IN that campaign Nowhere has a better
summary been given of the conditions
which made Gettysburg the clashing point
between IN. Union and Confederate
armies. says Colonel Meade:
"Ewel and Early could just as easily
have countermarched 10 Lee at Cham
bersburg as 10 Cashtown. near Gettys-
burg But Gettysburg. although some
what more distant than Chambersburs
from Lees base at Wlliamsport, had
for him the inestimable advantage. in
view OF the then position Of the Army OF
the Potomac Of rendering secure his line
Of communication with Will!amsport HIS
marching on Gettysburg meant the main
tenance OF the invasion. lie was compelled
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
A oUlcKENlNG OF EVENTS.

Then, at once. from that moment events
FASTENED on. and what had only short
while before taken days TO develop be-
came a matter Of hourly development
until both commanders found themselves
urging their troops forward to Gettys-
burg. both compelled BY the fact OF its
strategical relation TO their previous
movements, but neither, until the actual
ground was reached, at all aware OF the
military strength of the two positions
which IL affords. To sum up. Meade $
movements compelled Lee 10 concentrate
somewhere; the strategical Importance or
Gettysburg growing out OF the positions
Of the opposing forces, constrained Lee 10
endeavor 10 concentrate there, and that
same cause. in turn. constrained Meade
10 endeavor to anticipate. or at least TO
meet. him there"
In view of the forces which controlled
both Meade and Lee. IL is foolish to say
that Lee pushed forward from CashtoWn
unwillingly and only fought there because
a part of Hills corps. without direct
orders from Lee, went on 10 Gettysburg
and became entangled there with buforo
cavalry and Reynolds's infantry. II Lee
had not decided on the night Of June 20
or the morning OF July to leave CASH
town in force he would undoubtedly have
decided, a few hours later, irrespective OF
the unauthorized forward movement OF
HILL to do exactly what Hill had already
done. Hill had the right military instinct
and courageously followed 1t. and his
promptly summoning Ewell to his aid
made possible the great advantage which
the Confederate forces gained in the first
DAVIS battle
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
STUARTS ABSENCE.

g. The idea that Stuart's absence with
most Of his cavalry division from Lees
Amy from June q to July . paralyzed
the Confederate campaign has been
strongly insisted upon by most Confed-
crate writer's. Stuarts movement was an
indiscretion. due to an overexuberant
temperament. He undoubtedly construed
Lees orders too literally but the orders
themselves were vague. and in trying to
"harass and impede" the northward move
ment of the Union army, as he had been
directed 70 do. he put himself too far out
Of touch with the main body Of the Con-
federate army.
Yet il is evident that II Lee had needed
cavalry 10 cover his right wing on the
northward march he would not have left
Stuart free to cross the Potomac near
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
Various Explanations Given by Critics Friendly
to the Confederate Leader Are Here
with Examined, Analysed and
Disposed Of.

ment. No two authorities quite agree on
the strength OF Meade's army or Lees
army. James Ford Rhodes. in his care
fully written history puts Meadc.s
strength at 1850 That is about the hs-
ure given by Meade himself I'm his test
mony before the Congressional Commute
on the Conduct OF the War. Liyermorc.
the author Of the standard work on
Numbers and Losses in the Civil War
put the Federal forces at S3.2s9, evidently
deducting the 10000 men Of the Sixth
Corps VINO were only nominally engaged.
General Longstrect in his narrative put
Lees strength at 1905 According TO
other calculators it fell little below that
figure.
Lee had at the beginning OF the Seven
Days battles outside Of Richmond little
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29
ASSIGNING A CAUSE.

II Is no wonder. therefore. that MS az
mirers have puzzled their brains 10 ma
some plausible explanation Of his failure
and 10 shift 70 other shoulders the re-
sponsibuity for defeat which he himself.
IN their opinion. had too magnanimously
ard too charitably assumed.
Some, indeed, have abandoned the task
altogether. lr her two vivid and pains
taking military novels. The Long Roll
and Cease Firing" Miss Mary Johnston
Describes in detail most of the battles of
the Army OF Northern Virginia. She criti-
eses their strategy and tactics with an
intelligence unusual in works OF that
genre "Stonewalr' Jackson and Lee are
her heroes She does not hesitate TO show
now Jackson inertia at Gaines's MIL
crippled Lees Seven Days campaign
against Mcclellan. But over Gettysburg
she draws a veil. She bluntly refuses TO
make a case out either for or against Lee
or to analyze the causes which led to his
defeat IN the most tremendous and most
decisive battle Of the war.
The reason given by other friendly
Writers for Lees failure may be sum
married. as follows
That he was heavily outnumbered.
That he never intended 10 fight at
gettysburg, and was forced into battle
mere against his wishes and Judgment
through the faults OF his subordinates
g. That General ]. +. 3 Stuarts futile
cavalry raid In the Union rear paralyzed
the campaign.
That General Ewell failed to press
ue advantage gained on July /.
o. That General Longstreet do not
larry out promptly and efficiently the or
GERS for an attack on the Union left on
July 2. and failed TO cooperate heartily
70 launching Pickett's assault on the
Union centre on July 3.
In all the battles Lee fought against
.ne Army Of the Potomac he suffered
nom a disparity in numbers But at
gettysburg that disparity was slghter
'Han It had been in any earlier engage
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

TIME object OF this article is 10 show
without dipping too far into milf
Il tary technicalties, why General
Lee lost the battle OF Gettysburg. Most
criticism of the campaign which culmi-
mated at Gettysburg has been confused
and indecisive. and that is true especially
Of tho efforts Of writer's friendly 10 Cen
eral Lee 10 explain his defeat.
The reverse he suffered OF PENNSYLVANIA
soil was the first check in d career OF eN-
.raordinary success. Tie Army OF North
srn Virginia had performed wonders IN
der his command. He had raised the siege
Of Richmond through the Seven DAYS
battles I'm The region between the Chcka-
honiny and the James. He had crushed
Pores army in the second Bull Run cam
paign. had rescued himself adroiuy from
a perilous situation II Antietam, had won
a great victory on the defensive al frco-
ericksburg and a still greater one on the
offensive At Charlottesville.
As soldier Lee united sound judgment
with great daring He was never alrdIu
10 take a risk Under him the Army Oh
Northern Virginia had developed into
splendid lighting machine. Its morale was
never higher and its ranks were never
better filed than when, after Chancellors-
vile. IL invaded the North. Lee mao
seemed 10 fight under q lucky star ana
even IN the Gettysburg campaign, as the
facts about 10 be presented VIII snow
good fortune did not desert him tie sun
prohted more than his adversary did from
the breaks" in the game Of war his
generalship at Gettysburg on the whole
was as good as it had been in the pre-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-06-29

Continued on second page.