davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-08-17
CERTAIN CITRUS TREES
CAN W|THSTANDFROST
Government Agent Finds Some
Species Survive Tempera-
ture of 10 Degrees.

That there are species of citrus trees
capable of withstanding large amount
of frost is evidenced by a collection of
photographs just brought back to the
Department of Agriculture. by Peter Bis
sett, one of the Office of plant introduce
ton men, who has just returned from
an extended tour of the western and
southern plant experiment stations.
The severe freeze of the past winter
which injured so many of the orange
and lemon groves of California, acted
according to the experts of the DEPART
ment. as good object lesson in weed
ing out many of the weaker varieties Of
trees and leaving others that passed
through a temperature of eighteen de-
grees without injury.
The freeze did more for it showed
that the avocado, or alligator pear. a
tropical fruit that is proving a profit
able crop in this country, can be grown
much farther north than had been
generally supposed. There has been a
great deal of interest among botanist $
and fruit growers in the avocado for
several years.
Confined to Tables of Rich.
II is a peculiar fruit as yet confined
largely TO the tables of the rich because
of its high price Many OF the more
desirable fruits bring from - to Al
cents the tree, and some individual
trees have been known to bear more
than $1,000 worth of fruit in a season.
The avocado is a sort of compromise be-
tween fruit and a vegetable for il is
good in a salad. be eaten with pep
per and vinegar and makes the finest
SORT of a foil for almost any variety of
sweetening or favorinE. Ii looks rather
like an unripe eggplant. cuts like can
taloupe and tastes like nothing in par
ticuar except an avocado.
There were immense number OF
these trees in the freezing belt MANY
Of the weaker varieties were weed. <out.
but the cold showed up some va. Mes
That were Unexpectedly frost-resis
Many Of these trees will be experim. T.
I'd with still farther north. and while
the avocado never promises TO be any
thing but subtropical fruit, there is
reason TO believe its culture can be ex-
tended considerably outside it's present
area
Similar facts We're demonstrated about
many varieties OF the orange. The con-
dition OF the trees at the time Of the
FROST seemed TO lave a decided bearing
on the way they stood the cold. The
trees that We're in dormant state pass
ed through the cold snap much better
Lemon Culture Moving North.
Lemon culture is moving up the Pa
cifc coast also. One expert who is no
amateur in lemon growing assured Mr..
Bissstt that he had secured a place I'D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-08-17

From the Boston Transcript.
Brown is a man of few words"
Yes. so Is Jones; he's married, too"
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1913-05-01

overlap as the explosive has an aver
age radius of efficiency of ten feet.
Thus the whole are blasted becomes
an enormous earth sponge six to
eight feet deep, and the water storing
capacity of an acre of land so treated,
is increased by many TONS This does
not create mucky condition OF the
land. On the contrary, it produces a
condition most favorable to plant
growth.
When heavy rainfalls occur the
water instead of washing off the
valuable surface soil into streams,
clogging them and making naviga-
ton more difficult, sinks into the
ground and remains in storage until
the dry weather eXhausts the moisture
in the top soil, when the stored water
begins to rise by capillarity, carrying
the plant through the protracted
drOuths that are now causing millions
of dollars loss every year in this
country.
Further, this subsoil blasting makes
available for solution in the constant
ly moving soil water, tons of natural
plant food, otherwise unavailable, be-
cause not in solution. This is no
longer theory, but an established
fact as shown by largely increased
crops where subsoil blasting has been
properly done. The chief precaution
to be observed is that the blasting be
done when the subsoil is dry, because
then the SCATTERING or sponge Great
ing effect Of the blast is greatest,
whereas in wet subsoiI the blast tends
to form small pot hole packed tight
around it's periphery.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1913-05-01
WELLS AND SUBS0H WATER.

The United States Department of
Agriculture issued on March Goth,
Bulletin No. 90, entitled "Wells and
Subsoil Water" by w. j. MCGEE, ex-
pert in charge of subsoil investiga-
tons.
This bulletin is of great Importance
to every citizen because, as it states
in its opening paragraph, the habit
ability of any continent depends on
it's water supply; no water, no plants !;
no plants, no people.
The bulletin is an exhaustive treatise
of 1876 pages, and the data therein
covering thirty-one typical states,
shows that the subsoil water level is
lowering at the rate of l. 400 feet, per
decade, as determined by the height
of water in the wells.
The author concludes from the
statistics and observations that the
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1913-05-01

chief cause of this lowering of water
level are:
1. Clearing the land of forests.
g. Heavy consumption of water by
manufacturing plants, artesian wells
and by the increasing of population.
3. Improper methods of farming
whereby the rainfall is net conserved
in the subsoil.
In suggesting a remedy for this
threatened water famine and increas-
ing tendency towards protracted
drouths, the author observes that the
first cause cannot be corrected except
in small way by forestry; that the
second cause cannot we'll be corrected
because of the needs of the population
and that therefore the obvious remedy
consists in improved methods of soil
cultivation that will prevent the sur
face run-of of rain fall.
The means suggested to prevent
such surface run-O is to adopt
measures where each farm shall be:
"Made to take care of all the water
falling on it during the entire year;
and all that part of the water not
needed for immediate crop growth or
cistern or other supply, should be so
caught and absorbed by mulch or we'll
titled soil or contour burrows and
ridges as to pass into the ground,
there to be stored against need for the
steady supply of streams through
seepage and for the gradual restora-
ton of the sadly depleted reservoir
of subsoil water.''
Progressive farmers everywhere are
alive to the advantages of growing
plants on an absorptive soil, as it
tends on the one hand to prevent wet
weather saturation of the top soil, or
dry weather drouth.
Until recently, deep blowing with a
subsoil pillow or other deep tillage ma
chinery was apparently the only
means of increasing the absorptive
power of the soil, but the blowing of
soil to a depth of from twelve to
eighteen inches is accomplished only
with great difficulty and considerable
expense. Within the last two years,
however, the general introductio of
dynamite in agriculture has demon
strated that the best means of in
creasing water storage capacity of the
subsoil is by blasting it. Blasts of
half cartridge or a quarter pound of
low grade dynamite placed in bore
holes to a depth of about three feet,
will break up the most impervious
subsoil in spongy mass In fact,
English agriculturists describe this
work as the establishment of "soil
Sponges.
In ordinary subsoil where the
charges are placed at distance of
fifteen feet apart, these "soil sponges' -
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1913-05-01
Dairy Department
WRONG VIEW OF SOME DAIRYMEN

Last fall while attending a county
fair we heard group of farmers dis
cussing lot of Guernsey cattle that
we're on exhibition from the farm of
we'll known breeder. These farmers
may be taken as indicating about the
average intelligence of the farmers of
that county. They we're good, sub
stantial men, thoroughly sincere in
what they said. But as their words
indicated, their viewpoint" con-
corning well-bred dairy cattle and
good farming was many years behind
the times.
We wondered at this, for those men
live in a we'll advanced dairy county
and each one of them has a pure bred
bull But the general tenor of their
remarks was to the effect that it did
not pay to keep COWS and young stock
in a we'll conditioned, thrifty shape.
That it was throwing grain away it
they we're fed enough of it to show
it. They spoke about the idea of
keeping a neat, clean we'll lighted
and ventilated stable, and they all
agreed that it did not pay.
at was spending too much time
on the looks of a thing" they said.
In all their conversation there ran
vein of detraction against we'll kept
farms, buildings and cattle. Their
faces we're set towards low standard
of effort, because, as they said, any
thing else "did not pay.
AS near as we could get at it, their
only idea of profit was in avoiding all
expense. Reduce all outlay for care,
feed and conditions to the lowest
standard Make your cattle look as
ordinary as possible; don't spend any
time or money in keeping a stable
clean or in whitewashing it. AS one
man said about whitewashing, ooh,
it looks we'll enough but it don't
pay" And so it went all through
their talk There was no show of
wholesome pride, of sanitary judg-
ment, of belief in the conclusions of
good methods and science. They
were clear down in the low grounds
where the malaria of ignorance and
disbelief in the profit of doing thing
we'll most abounds. All Of their
judgments we're based on a low stand
ard Evidently they had no ex-
perience whatever in knowing practi-
cally whether there was good profit
or not in the other view of the case.
There is too much of this spirit ex
tant among farmers. 1t is all disbe-
lief in anything but the old, crude
methods, depreciating any expendi
ture for better looks, forgetting every
one of them that they will pay more
for a good looking horse or COW than
for an i'll conditioned one. This spirit
finds it's foundation very largely in
the lack of a business mans under
standing of how to spend money to
the best purpose. They look so re-
gretfully on every dollar that goes out
as though there was nothing that paid
except in being stingy with the farm,
the live stock and the buildings.
They can't believe that it pays to
have things look we'll. And yet every
farmer that does we'll, beyond the
average, has his eye on the looks of
things and he gets there just as soon
as his purse will let him. -Hoard's
Dairyman.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1913-05-01

Here is something absolutely GUARANTEED
to keep rupture from coming Out-sOmething
that does away with the misery causing leg
straps and body springs.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
WILL GO RIGHT AHEAD.
Dissolution WIN Not Stop Moves
for GoveFnznent Ownership.

i
Washington. Dsc.. 9o.-Administra-
ton supporters. after informal con.
ferences on the telephone diasolution,
and going over 10 much Of the plan ~
has been published. were OF tho opin-
ion that the latest development would
at least retArd the movement to pre-
sent the government ownership Ques-
ton to congress. Some thought the
companys voluntary adjustment. to
meet the views Of the department. Of
Justice, has created an entirely new
situation. which the government own
ership supporters would have to con-
slider before going further.
Representative Lewis Of Maryland,
author OF the parcel post law and
active in the movement for govern
ment ownership of telegraph and tel
ephone lines. introduced a resolution.
however, to direct tho house postodlce
committee to 60 ahead and report .
bill for the government ownership Of
telephone lines, to be operated by the
postofice department.
In a statement accompanying his
resolution, Mr.. Lewis contended that
the action Of tho Bell Telephone COM
pany to prevent litigation under the
antitrust law did not affect the legis-
lative situation at all.
1.-THE action OF the Bell company
will not reduce q single telephone or
telegraph rate in the United States
and SO tho public necessities for legis-
lative action to postalize these meth
DDS as they have been in nearly all
other countries are not affected in the
least" he said.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
SEES END OF RACE.
Bird S. Coler Gives It 100 Years to
Die Out.

Chicago. Dec. 20.-If the policy Of
teaching eugenics to children In the
public schools is persisted in the race
will die out in $50 years. according to
Bird s. Coler, former comptroller Of
New York city, who delivered an adj
dress last night before the Industrial
club Of Chicago. :
what are you going to do about
the children whose minds are filled
with the false science of a bankrupt
materialist ?" asked the speaker.
What Of the foulness that fills our
theaters and impells those incompre-
hensible products Of q sick sentiment
alism, the hygienics to put matter in
the hands Of children which the gov
eminent bans from the mails?"
Mr.. Culer said he based his asser-
ton regarding q dead race in $50
years upon birth rate statistics Of q
college for women where eugenics and
sex hygiene have been taught for
many Veara.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20

esaee n. Mackay. president Of the
Postal Heletraph Cable company be-
cause OF the disadvantage his coma
pAny was placed In, through its a1-
legged lack Of the telephone facilities
Of its rival. the Western Union.
finding 1t arduous to compete with
local Bell companies because the
trunk lines Of the combination were
closed to them. complained bitterly.
Members of congress from time to
time have proposed investigations or
urged the department OF justice to act
ON general principles.
q movement for government owner
ship OF telephone and telegraph lines.
Repr esentative Lewis Of Maryland.
who initiated this move, which was
Endorsed by Postmaster General Burle-
son. In his annual report just pub
lishcd. recosnized the Importance Of
the through lines and proposed that
they be acquired by the government.
In the course of the fight carried On
BY the Postal Company and the tnde-
pendent telephone companies there
have been NUMEROUS lawsuits ana
complaints to public service commits
sions. the interstate commerce COM
A suit under the Sherman law, charg-
ing discrimination against the inde-
pendents ON the Pacific coast, il now
in the federal courts and hearings in
connection with it have recently been
held in this city.
Financial men said today that the
separation of the company into ito
parts would not be q great difficulty.
because Of their distinct organisation.
The difficulty would be in devising an
equitable plan Tor distribution Of the
securities.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
TO BUILD WORLD CITY
King Albert OF Belgium Greatly In
terested In Plan.

Brussels, Dec. fixing Albert Of
Belgium has taken up earnestly the
project Of q monumental hygientc
world city. to be Z clearing house for
international business and ideas. He
received recently Hendrix C. Ander-
son. an American sculptor formerly
of Newport, r. l., but who now lives
in Rome, who laid before the king
drawings and plans of the immense
conception.
Americans" said the king Of Mr..
Anderson. ARE not afraid to under
take great projects, projects which
are often helpful to all humanity"
Continuing, his majesty asked many
questions about the details OF the ar
rangements for the ideal city. espec-
tally the central heating system and
the underground communications. His
technical knowledge Of these subjects
surprised Mr.. Anderson until he
learned that the king was man Of
wide technical knowledge In engineer
ing subjects, doubtless because he had
taken, when q student, q thorough
course in engineering.
The plans for the ideal city, copies
OF which Mr.. Anderson presented to
the king. are the work Of Ernest
other architects who have reduced to
precision Mr.. Anderson's conceptions.
Having approved Of the general idea,
the king talked of the possibility Of
realizing the design. Mr.. Anderson
explained that he was not Immediate
~ concerned with the economic as
poets of the subject, that these were
being worked out by technical ex-
perts who would be able to present .
complete financial scheme in 1915.
King Albert expressed his Apprecia-
ton Of the advantages to all nations
Of q city in which all should have .
part, and which would draw all ma
tons into more practical and harmon
tous relations. While other cities
have grown without design, with
some Inc and beautiful things amid
much that Is mean and ugly, this city
would be built according to . coherent
plan and beautified by al that science
and art could bestow. The king be-
lteved that not only was the vision q
splendid one. but that 1t was capable
Of realization.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
THEY Want TO VOTE.
Women of Cuba Have Joined the
Equal Suffrage Movement.

New York. Dec. 20.-Cuban women
want the vote and arc organizing. ac-
cording to q letter received here by
Mrs. Raymond Brown. president of
the New York State Suffrage associa-
ton. who is asked to lend her name
to the movement by becoming honor
airy president.
I'VE have raised the banner Of suf-
frage here with the name. 'Partido
Popular Feminista,' with ideas Of
equality in the relation OF the sexes
and with peaceful intentions and le-
gal procedure" the missive recites.
The letter Is dated from Havana and
IL signed Emilia Perez Moossey."
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20

my husband and myself have used
'Seventy-seven' for Colds with great
satisfaction, and think % wen Of IL
that we want your Medical Book. IN
hopes al finding remedy for sto,n-
ach trouble"
.''Seventy-seven" leads tn the use OF
DR.. Humphreys' system Of moaiclns
for al diseases. his Manual Gives the
treatment and care OF the sick, ask
your druggist or send . postcard for
. COPY. free.
Tho DollAr Flask. hoIas moro than
six twensy-five Cene vials-for sale b
an drugxasts or mailed.
Humphrsyr Homeo Medicine Co. ri
W01nW 0ereeG Now Yoek-A6x
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20

The Prudential Trust company lean
monoy on city propoEty-A2N.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
WE'RE NOT SURPRISED.
But Financial Men Did Not Expect Il
So Soon.


So Soon.
New York. Dec. 2O.-The informa-
ton from Washington that the Ameri-
can Telephone & Telegraph company
had agreed to give up its interests in
the Western Union and to effect a re-
organisation, to conform with the
recommendations Of the federal
authorities. was no surprise to finan-
cial men though unexpected at this
time The telegraph and telephone
combination had been under almost
continuous attack since 1t was effected
in 1903, through the purchase Of the
large Gould, Sage and Morosini hold
ings OF Western Union stock by the
American Telephone & Telegraph
company in which the various Bell
telephone interests had been consoli-
dated.
Ever since that time the telephone
combination has been under investiga-
ton by the department of Justice. It
has been constantly assailed by Clar-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20

New York. Dec. 20.-Paul Armstrong.
the playwright. and Miss Katherine
Calvert, a Baltimore actress. were
married Wednesday in New Haven.
Conn.,, according to acv:ces received to-
day. The marriage was not unexpect-
ed by the friends Of the couple, though
no engagement had ever been formal
ly announced.
Hanged By His Tfapese.
Erie, Pa. Dec. 2O.-A trApese which
he had put UP in the attic OF his home,
caused the death last night Of Chester
Childs. aged II. q senior In the Erie
high school and a member OF last sea-
sons football team. The young man
went up to the attic to try out the
trapese. An hour later his mother
found him hanging with his head
through . rope Of the trapesa. He
died before . physician arrived. It q
believed Childs slipped and that hia
head caught in the rope before he
could, help himself.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20

in q recent heavy snowstofm which
swept over the city Of Cleveland and
for three days virtually paralyzed the
city. Wnen IRE broke out It was the
motor trucks that were able to plough
driven vehicles
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
LAND AT 1907 AF0OT.
New Record Price Establishefa sor Nev
York Real Estate.

New York. Dec IA. new record
price for New York city land II e.
tablished in q transaction just record
ed for . plot IA by 100 located At
Fifth avenue and Forty Second street.
The price was $3.z5o.0 900. which il
equivalent 70 1907 q square foot.
Statistictans figured that Il this rec
ord value ruled throughout Manhattan
island its q = square miles Of area
would he worth the stupendous sum of
@117, 81, $40. TO. This exceeds by more
than $1,000. 900 the total wealth of the
United States
~ The wealth Of Great Britain, France
and Russia with an aggregate OF S1S5,-
o0C 900 would just about buy the island.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1913-12-20
IN CONFERENCE.

tContinued from rage .Jne.)
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-10-31
Extra Pants. Socks, H~andkerchiefs, Etc.

Mems high grade pants in browns, blues, grays and
fancies, $500 and 5000 values.
Going Out Of Business Price, Oe40
Mems heavy kersey, s. and $3.50 o.
values. Going Out OF Business Price Ee<0
Mems pants,t $1.5o values. Going 0E~
Out Of Business Pricc------------ SOC
Mems heavy pants in Kersey's and Scotch Tweeds,
$3.50 values. Some high as $500. IN
Going Out OF Business Price,
Mems socks, in black, grays and tans. o.
Going Out OF Business Pricc------ ODQI
Mems heavy wooden socks, in white and grav. soc
values. Going Out OF Business On
Price Sv
Mems heavy wool socks, $50 and 4oc o.
values. Going Out OF Business Price <0G
Mems white handkcrchiefs. Going Out
OF Business Price Xix
Mems red and blue har,dkcrchiefs, 1oc. -
values. Going Out OF Business Price &c
Mems white bandkcrchiefs, 1c and 1sc
values. Going Out OF Business Price
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1913-10-31
Store is for Rent
Men's and Boys Hats and CAPS

Here is an opportunity to choose from our entire
line of Mems and Boys caps. New stock just re-
ceived for fall and winter. Any style you may prefer
and any price you wish to pay. We have. grouped
them in different lots.
Any cap j. S $50 values go at o5 cents.
Any cap inS$1.25 values 60 at 80 cents.
Any cap in rs cent values 60 at As cents.
~ -. t
Mems velour hats in grays, browns and blacks.
Sold everywhere for $500. You buy
them now for ---------------- E4D
Men's.hatsi in the latest styles and
materials worth $3.50 go for------- LTD
John B.. Stetson hats, the best in the world. Regu.
lar $500 values 60 at the Going Out q o.
OF Business Sale at ------------ EsOO