davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

young man now on the throne what
secret ambitions may be hidden, we do
not know, only it is sure that no man
can avail to stifle the newborn nation,
with its national consciousness, its ma
tional commonweal and vision of broth
erhood
But the Balkan peninsula gives the
purest example of modern world philan-
throphy. There the tyranny of seven
centuries has been broken, and a people
welded out of the waste elements of slav-
cry. On the ruined landscape or new
civilization shall grow to restore the
waste places of former desolations."
These Greeks and slavs who went home
to fight were more than patriots. They
were thinkers whose axiom is that man
is born to be free. II in the future any
native king should assail that axiom,
why should he fare better than did the
decadent representatives of the Sublime
Porte?
Still 1t is among the English speaking
people that democracy grows fastest,
strikes her roots deepest to the nourish-
ing streams. Among us the science of
distributing wealth has already become
the chief study of all the people. II
is this science that unseated Mr. TAFT
at the White House, and might well have
reseated Mr.. Roosevelt. We called it
popular revolt. but 1t is rather the
normal expression of the ultimate de-
mocracy. We are tired of seeing people
half fed, tempted to sin by cruel torture,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

"HERE is no more important factor
in the social and economic progress
i of the country than the wise devel-
opment of its agricultural resources.
The social Importance of agriculture
primarily is due to the fact that farm
life produces virle citizenship; 1t
is conductive to independent think
ing and well considered action. The
stability of our national life and the
maintenance of our position as a great
force for good among the nations of the
world, depend upon our ability constantly
TO improve the quality of our citizenship.
II this country is to play the part that
it should in the progress of the world,
il is essential for us to encourage mat
sort of life and that kind of Industrial
development that provides the proper en-
vifonment for a high order of manhood
ard womanhood.
The economic Importance of agriculture
is indicated by the fact that 35.6 per cent
of all the industrial workers of the United
States are engaged in farming. which is
more than three times the per cent OF
those engaged in conmerce-the next
most important industrial division-as
measured by the number of those who
make it, their vocation. The increasing
prices of foodstuffs made it plain that
the number of those now engaged in
agriculture is altogether too small,
unless their efficiency can be materially
Increased.
In the last ten years the average price
in the United States of products of the
farm has increased 81 per cent, although
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05
"R. l.. s." and the "CascO"

iioh' thS 4hdHtucStcT
The schooner Casco, which, carried
Stevenson on a six months cruise In the
Pacific about Twenty-Five years ago,
Is likely TO become a yacht again
instead Of degenerating. as was at one
time threatened. into a mere fishing
smack. The vessel has been bought by
Vancouver financier. Mr.. Sidney smith,
who proposes to sail her round the Horn
to Leith.
1t is to be hoped that the Casco's masts
are examined before she sets out for
Scotland When Stevenson sailed her sho
put in at one of the Society Islands.
where Stevenson's mother gave a feast
to the women of the place. One OF the
guests, in gratitude. prayed aloud that
II anything were wrong with the masts
1t might be found out in time. Tho
skipper decided to act on the hint, s'shin-
ned up both masts, and found them al
most eaten out with dry rot. The skip
per in question was Captain Otis, who
figures in THE Wrecker' as Captain
Mares. The Mares part" of "rhe
Wrecker" Stevenson himself considered
"gloriously good" and had there been
more Mares 1t would have been a bet-
ter book"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

speaker he was frequently before the
public. and his utterances gained addi-
tional weight from the fact that men
knew that every word that fell from his
lips sprang from source of profound
sincerity and from a conviction as deep
as his soul. His serupulosity of con-
rcience was proverbial, and men lis
tened TO Chancellor Bowie not merely
for entertainment, for he was an attrac-
tive speaker, but they listened believing.
Back of his utteranees lay a life of un-
varying integrity derived from q spirit
of piety. which none dared gainsay, and
the lineaments of his classic face bore
conviction which was itself convincing.
When the life of d man is so pitched
that the most obstinate opponent is made
TO respect his views. such a man IS an
engine of power in public life. This
fairly represents Chancellor Bowie in his
mulitudinous relations. private and pub
lie, and such a model of manhood was lie
TO the young men of his time. This rcpu-
tation he steadfastly maintained through
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

One author illustrates the term in
this way: The farmer gets a small price
for his apples. only little more than
enough to pay for the picking the bar
rels and the shipping.
Yet in the nearby city his apples bring
high prices, in some cases cents each.
The margin between the farmers price
and the price to the consumer is enor-
nous.
In this jumping up of prices some one
has sinned against society But who?
1t is hard to put your finger on any one
individual who is responsible.
The author calls this group sin"
This must be a comfortable doctrine to
sinners.
Let us see If it holds water.
IL any crime is committed some one per-
son commits it. Others may be contrib-
utory, but IL so each OF them is equally
guilty. The Individual is the wrongdoer.
In the marketing of the apple some one
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

the dynastlc strife of past centuries, the
peoples upward climb to their predes-
tined throne. Educational growth is all
toward larger, deeper reach. through
Montessori methods, or through the mas
terry of current events, or through the
destruction of the college snob. sAli roads
lead TO the city that hath foundations,
the city of the soul. The attack on ira
ditional conventions effecting marriage
belongs in the same great mass of phe-
nomena, as of course, does the "femi-
niest' movement everywhere. And
as we so rapidly swing into the new
year, 1918. we bring with us the momen-
year. when we shall be nearer our goal
than now. far nearer than when we first
believed.
The drums beat, the bugle calls from
land to land. from sea to sea; the armies
and the shipmen move onward through
the unknown. Alas. there is an un-
mastered peril in every man and woman
in the uncounted hosts. never more dead
ly never more evident than todayl 1t
smote the argonauts, II wrecked the old
empires, it stained the England of the
Restoration. it degraded the freedom OF
France 20 the levels of Neronian license.
and it is shaming the wealth OF these
modern days. O, cannot the ultimate DEM
ocracy also be pure? Cannot love be love?
Must the leering satyr who has no honor.
no deathless soul stand again at the
gates of Paradise i'm this generation also,
and make our hope a moclSery?
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05
THE GREATEST TOY MARKET
New York's Volume of Trade Seventy
Five Million Dollars Worth
From the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
New York is by far and away the
worlds largest toy market. The annual
volume OF trade at wholesale prices is
SIS, 900 900, and of this large part is
shipped out Of the country, mainly in the
great fairs of Europe and Asia.
In mechanical toys and in toys made
OF iron tin, lead and brass, New York
has ranked first as the worlds largest
market for 20 years. More recently the
local toy interest has branched out In
building wooden toy-maSing factories In
the numbering regions, where much OF
the refuse from sawmlls makes fine stock
for toy makers and can be obtained at
such low prices that European makers of
wooden toys cannot complete against the
larger producers of American wooden
toys who push trade throughout Europe
and Asia.
There are 1858 live patents issued by
foreign nations to New York makers of
mechanical and other toys. This assures
good market for those toys in countries
which possess 200,000.000 children.
Exports of toys from that city begin to
be large in July, and the trade holds out
urtil late in October, when all large con-
sisi.ments for the great marts of Europe
must be forwarded to meet requirements
for Christmas and New Year trade. There
are now residing in New York city about
125 Indians who do fine work in basketry
and beadwork and in toys to the order of
local toy trade factories.
Rag dolls. all made by women and girls
in that city, are sold in all countries A
Brooklyn woman who a few years ago be-
gan making rag dolls for one resil toy
shop now employs 800 girls in her factory
and farms out work to 800 women in and
GROUND New York. A Harlem woman who
originated negro dolls handsomely dressed
for sale TO well-to-do colored families has
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

citizen of Alabama for a period of 81
years. His native place was Abbeviile,
s. c., where he was born December IA,
17s9. His father was a major in Wash
ipgton's army, and his mother, a Miss
Reid. from which family. on the mater
nal side. came Hon. Whitelaw Reid of
New York.
Choosing the bar as a profession, AR
Bowie was a successful barrister AT Able
vile, S. G. for a period OF years His
relations with John (. Calhoun were the
most intimate, and letters received hy
Mr. Bowie from Mr. Calhoun are stfl
preserved among the heirlooms % the
family. They Illustrate the eor1altty
and freedom of the relations between
these two eminent men.
During the war of 1879 Mr. Bowie was
the colonel of the eighth regiment OF
South Carolina militia, and was later
commander of the Abbeville nuIlifiers.
For number of terms he served a a
legislator in his native state. and-Ae-
moved TO Talladega. Alabama. in 1885.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

1t was Byron who hit off that retro
spective turn of mind when he} said:
The good old timesl All fines when
old are good
The inspiring outlook is forward, not
backward. Even though we may not un-
derstand all the currents of our age, this
day is the best in the worlds history.
Tomorrow will be better.
The man who keeps young spirit in an
old body and who looks to the sunrise
rather than to the sunset is about the
finest and most inspiring spectacle seen
In our human world.
This age is full of such men-also Of
such women There was William Ewart
Gladstone. leading new crusade at so.
There was Julia ward Howe, keenly alive
to the reforms of the present and the fu-
ture up TO her death at 30.
1t is a matter of whether the spirit
or the body dominates. The spirit is ever
young. If that. leads us we are also
young.
Keep the heart youthful by living in
present day joy, present day progress,
present day work.
In our thought we should hold eternal
youth.
In the long run we all get what Is
coming to us.
We are paid in our own coin. We reap
as we SOW. Our chickens come home to
roost.
This is true of nations as of individuals.
There has been much In the public
prints concerning the horrors of the Bal
kan war. Yet these horrors are but the
preston and cruelty.
Turkey is reaping as she has sown.
There is poetic justice in the fact that
the little nations that have become the
messengers of Justice were formerly, with
one exception, under Turkish rule The
exception Is Montenegro, and she suffered
much from attempted Turkish aggres-
sion
Thus the avengers have risen practical
ly from the offenders own household.
The Ottoman empire sowed the wind
and is reaping a whirlwind finish.
History is full of such instances.
We shudder over the reign OF terror
of the French revolution. Out fail to re-
call the yarns of despotism, botched red
here and there with ST. Bartholomew
msssacres, of which the reign of terror
was but the ripened fruit.
We beheld something of the same force
of justice at work in our town civil war.
Abraham Lincoln pointed out the moral
In his beautiful second inaugural.
There is a law of balance at work in
the physical universe, where effect equals
cause to the uttermost traction.
Iii the human world we call the CORE
spcndence of this law recompenA or JUS
| tfce. Evidence Is not lacking that 1,
works with the same precision as cause
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

the struggles through which Alabama
passed from the time Of his removal to
the state till his death. Never vehe-
ment or passionate of utterance. he al
ways wrote and spoke with calmness
and elaboration that bore conviction.
He took to his public functions the same
solidity of influential force and the self
mastery which won him quiet distinction
in the ordinary walks of life. The TN
preston made by him was invariable,
whether as q neighbor, private Chris
tian. a political advocate. or a represen-
tative of the judiciary, that of stable
conviction, calm determination, and
withal a gentleness of spirit that in
stinetively shrank from producing the
slightest pain to any one. His silent life
reinforced his public acts and declara-
tions, and gave to him an unusual power
with men of every grade and Degree
That which he did and said was of a
character that took hold on the deeper
conviction of men. rather than on sur
face sentiment. A strong and vigorous
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

THHE recent death of the Rev. Robert
Collyer calls attention to a career
/ that should be an inspiration TO
every poor boy and to every real man.
Robert Collyer was known as the
''blacksmith preacher"
He was born in England of very
poor family. There were many children
and an income pitfully meager Robert
when a small child was compelled to go
to work in the mills with his brothers and
sisters. He worked IA hours every day.
Thus he had no chance for an educa-
ton
He came to America to better his condi-
ton. While still a young man he was a
blacksmith in Pennsylvania. At the same
time he preached for little or nothing on
Sunday.
With muscular strength he had gained
mental independence. Te had learned to
think for himself He came to doubt some
OF the dogmas of his denomRation and
had the courage to say so. He there
fore severed his connection with that
church.
The same mental courage made mis- ca
reer. He again cut loose, this time from
his livelihood went to Chicago and start
ed in q small church. Being vigorous
and honest and having something to say,
he drew other men to him. He became
one of the most popular preachers in Chi
cago. He was friend of Abraham Lin
coin, who had as little education and as
much me tai independence as himself.
Later Robert Collyer preached in one
OF the leading churches of New York city.
He was the author of many books and
was known and loved in most civilized
lands. At last he died full of years and
honors.
one secret of his power was that he was
always mentally honest with himself. An
other Gas that he educated himself, max
ing the world his university.
There are those who whine in our day
that the avenues of advancemept are be-
ing closed to the young men.
Rubbish!
win in any age.
There was never greater call than
now for young men who can think, who
find new and better ways of doing things,
who have a real message.
This is true in industry, in business,
in literature. in politics and in religion.
The world always has an open door for
real men.
new York minister wrote to seven
prominent men a series of questions as to
their rules for success in life.
He incorporated the replies in sermon.
, and, although this man is an eloquent
preacher, this was one of the best dis
courses ever heard from his pulpit
Among the secrets of success mentioned
were honesty. loyalty, absorption in one s
v~Ark, dependability. invention. earnest
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

yariouslv estimated TO have numbered
from 2ooo to 1000. When the commander.
Colonel Travis, saw the inevitable fate
of the brave little garrison he called his
men about him. plainly presented the
coming doom, and. after saying he was
determined to die at his post. he drew a
line across the floor and asked that all
who would remain with him should come
within the boundary thus marked. IL
others desired to cut their way through
or otherwise seek to escape they were
at liberty to do SO.
With emaclated frame. Colonel Bowie
now rapidly approaching death. which
came a few hours before the fall, unable
to stand, ordered his men to bear his
sick couch within theslnark drawn by
the commander ThisYfs indicative of
the sturdy Scotch pluck and the frmness
of character of those bearing the name.
Tt will be seen from the present sketch
that Chancellor Alexander Bowie pos
sessed to an eminent degree these con-
spicuous traits. He was a distinguished
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

more than three decades in Alabama.
for good that transcends the pale OF
estimation not only to his contempoia-
ries. but which projects itself into the
years of the future.
One principle alone dominated him in
all his conduct and that was the settle
ment of each question or cause on the
basis of right. This was so clearly DEM
onstrated throughout his life and career
that any decision or opinion from the
bench was unquestioned, and SO pro-
foundly did he impress the public with
this fact that he came to be called the
great chancellor" All his wealth OF
learning, his garnered wisdom, and his
rich experience were laid on the altar
of Right. Thus lived Chancellor Bowie
and thus he died, leaving heritage OF
illustrious integrity to those who were
to come after him. The career Of an emil
nent citizen like this is an abiding bene-
diction to any state. Chancellor Bowie
passed to his reward on December 30,
1866. at the advanced age of n years.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05
HEART TO HEART TALKS-By lanes A. Edgeron

ness. enthusiasm, tenacity of purpose and
hard work.
AS to whether it is hard work or worry
that breaks men down, all agreed that
hard work would not endanger any ones
physical or mental health, and two said
that hard work is tonic.
Among the causes of failure we're men
toned intemperanee, immortality, the
truthfulness, cigarette smoking, making
drudge of oneself and getting into
debt.
A majority agreed that college edu-
cation is not necessary to success, though
it might help the right sort of man. Ii
not the right sort it might prove detri-
ment.
All agreed that religion is an asset, but
one added that it must be real and not
lip cant or hypocrisy"
All these ideas are old. you say? Yes,
but the beauty in these mems cases is
that they have tried their notices out in
actual life and have every one succeeded,
some of them in an eminent degree.
They have proved their words.
The men that have won have told us
how they won, almost from the beginning
of history. There have been thousands
of testimonials. and they have all sound
ed much like these.
The universality of the testimony is a
proof of its truth.
Thus the winners have planted guide
posts all along the road to success, so
that the wayfaring man, even though a
fol- need not miss the directions.
There are many roads leading from this
main highway.
One is called intemperance. Beware of
that.
Another is laziness. Shun it as you
would a pestilence.
A third is untruthfulness. DO not let
your feet stray this way.
A fourth is named debt. You will find
pitfalls in this path.
Avoid the byways. They lead nowhere.
Keep in the middle of the road.
Men do in crowds what they would not
think of doing as individuals.
We had numberless examples of it dur
in;, the late presidential campaign.
The candidates for our highest ofrice
were almost mobbed by the crowds, were
janimed and rushed. called by their first
names or nicknames and generally treat
ed in a way that showed public bad man.
ners
Yet most of the men making up these
mobs probably pass as well bred. In
their personal relations they are doubt
less courteous and considerate Of others
Dc we not reed lessons in public man
ncrs?
| The question goes deeper Not only
manners are involved. but morals. The
| lynching bee is an example, The mob
may be composed of mild msnnered and
exemplary men; but. Joined to others,
| they become savage brutes.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

Do we not need education in public NOR
ais.
The problem goes still deeper. 1t is not
the crowd that it at fault, but failure
to distinguish between public and pri-
vate.
Some man is elected to office. As a pri-
vate citizen he is reputed to be honest.
After few years in public place it is
discovered that ne is a CRATER. a de-
faulter or corruptionist.
He semes to think public money may be
stolen with impunity because it belongs
to nobody in particular.
He does not hesitate to enrich or ad-
vance himself at the expense of the entire
community. He commits crimes that he
would not think of committing in his
private capacity =
DO we not need training in public con-
science?,
Theft of public property is even worse
thar theft of private property because it
concerns more people. Violation of public
standards is more demoralizing than vio-
lation Of private standards for the reason
that the example is seen by the multi
tude.
Democracy is comparatively new in the
of us a self governing unit, and we have
not yet learned all of the royal lessons
OF kingship over self
Still less have we learned our right re-
ationship to the public.
Each person is a dual being. an individ-
ual and a part of society.
We need development on the public side.
which means better public manners and
more public honesty.
The other day Andrew d. White on
celebrating his S0th birthday announced
that he had taken up the investigation
OF criminology and expected to make
possibly, some important contributions to
the subject before he is 30.
When man can take up new study
al 50 he has the spirit of youth.
Many men at Andrew d. Whites age,
who have done but a fraction of the good
he has accomplished, would be willing to
rest on their laurels.
This man, it must be remembered, prac-
tically founded a great university, OF
which he was for many years president,
was distinguished ambassador to an inn
portant foreign nation and has been for
years publicist and leader of thought.
Yet he has no intention of stopping. He
sees an opportunity of further good by
studying the treatment of the outcast ana
the criminal.
The world owes much to its young old
men. those who keep the heart of-youth
when they have the wisdom of age
The trouble with some old men Is fos-
silization- They are unwilling to keep
abreast of progress. They talk about the
good old times and become a clog against
making the present times better. They
are not receptive to new ideas.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

built up a national business and has found
good market through local toy export
ers to North Africa, where many kinds of
American toys are distributed by caravans
over enormous trading zones.
A factor in making American toys popu-
lar in Europe in recent years is the large
number of gifts of toys sent from here by
fathers, brothers, or sisters of the little
Germans. Russians, Poles, Austrians or
Italians. There are many limitations of
domestic toys in Europe, but the majority
of buyers prefer the genuine Americana
made toys, which while they cost little
more than the imitation products are far
better In quality and last longer.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-01-05

-Four years later he wa5 elected by the
Alabama legislature to the chancellor
ship of the northern division, which posi-
ton he held with great distinction for
period of six years.
In response to the interest shown by
him in the general affairs of the state or
his adoption. and in recognition of his
ability. he>yas summoned to q number
of important stations, among which may
be mentioned that of the choice of haia-
self as the first president of the state
historical society. In further recognition
Of his scholarship and profound interest
in education he was chosen one OF the
trustees of the state university, and was
one of the foremost friends of that insti-
tuition in the days when it was among
the leading colleges of the south.
Politically Chancellor Bowie was dem
oerat OF the democrats, a firm adherent
to the Calhoun school, and therefore a
staneh believer in the principle of
states rights. His voice, pen. and In
nuuence We're lent to that cause in all