davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17


Ala caldwell ara fia Vo1Irlff ~ f.fr
Grove. mi'I Iasrr lr f rsw lass f.- fi,r.
laa w.rfe firr uIf fr fHr -usaf- nf
frIfr Ia HrH rfIHf|ff.
IIf.r iIvFu ~ rafffa vraa % tuafreee
caller fr fIn Grove Yesterday
Mrr I-IIf fIH..ua. OF f.. rIrea u.rf
lfHfN ffa frHfn'rr Frr rIff "flHrrr 90 b.
gone several dave
uuEH MfaHr. ~ ffm GROVE. v,s ID
inr Inr"a collier lr Whee'frr terfarH4-
h'rs Hn1 f.ny ffrIf were huri ne,a
a..frg lr l'ftahurrH fs-ffrIas
p gFi ir1f.fE.r HHa |.I. Irfra caller
W f.f Nlfrarier rfafsrIHF
'- ir-'fH .rI Nim. krsff ars
~ fHiIfr ffe dHv rf ro.F srrIuer Tart
Mr4 rr Thornton ~ tre4.fsfate vw
lFa 2" i4t frr Af'rfI- 'Ifv. ~ ar-rd
We % D. Au-s1 ar1 sor viii i.,r.
H.-fr fur Afrrf. f.f.
Nfaa Anna WfT. ~ f.r VVrfrrvfoo
IHrr. DEL ru f.r a.rE l|.f
Misc Garnet ffsrr. ~ rvnahfnrfoa
IH. visiting Wa. Nfref rav. of
..H Grove
John rr-rfsuf f.a rstlfn-.f ~ Wool.
iaf fffrr 81 iI..uffr trip 90 Tuf.a.
''fiH nn.u
Is,t. rrr,-.L or Fr Grove .p.n,
Ia.' f'shf $50 friends In west Alsvln-
Tho T.If.r ,'r.ef. ..e r..os r.it f-
fre ,..i.fIr1 Dbl. street FnnufeaI1rsr
a lao,e eri ts given ri- .v,r.r- Do,
greek 90 ln'm1r Grove
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
To Meet Soon

Tho committee ~ tho business mon
Who we're appointed ~ compict" sr.
engagements FOR Tho combine picnic
and outing NJ Tho merchant NJ this
town. NrNecheu and Noundqvilie.
"iii hold meeting in the very near
iuiur" AMI complete their part ~ Tho
program which ie ~ ho rendered ~
Oh" rHrk during tho day Tho anair
VIII he hold ~ Wheeling park On
'i" laef dny NJ this month and n worry
large crowd is expected 10 attend
AT The stores and many business
flHces vill DO clo-cd mo entire day
io permit their help 90 attend the
cNair
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
viii close An Day.

All tho stores IN the one he .r,fLe 7,..
frirf viii he closed TODAY iu nbsar,au,.
~ Frorers day 81 Rock Springs marx
ms no been ne custom since lie in.
fIf irHfinu ~ fNe event. hut since tho be.
girnirR ~ tho hslf-roiiday trroirI0u,
the summer months several 81 a.. s-rg.
ere y ordered n they should close for
IN" CAV. ~ irr Immediately fofIo,yg We,
latf rirhf all decided fo clos. TO- 80
boat w" '"'
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
West Virginia Traction &
Electric Company and City &
Suburban Gas Company's au.
thorized paw stations:

Company's office. corner 18th q
Chapline Street, Wheeling. W. va.
Rank OF Fulton. Fulton, w. Va.
the First National Bank, Elm Grove
West Virginia.
State Bank OF Elm Grove. Elm
Grove. West Virginia.
Pay your electric light. water and
gas bills at the most convenient pay
station. c. d. JUNKINS. Treasurer
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17

Nine offenders all foreigners. w~-a
before Mavor seaman last evening.
upon 'harr's - raising dis'urhanc-
TUESDAY evening. zach was assessed
tho usual g. and trimmings Ncarlv
MI M" mon paid Or arranged 20 ia f.
their fines only two were Tod back
~ spend D. days wi'h the iailcr.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
Picnic az Blaynev., orov.

The 81 Johns church. OF Wheeling.
neld n monster picnic and outing III
fiaNney's grove YESTERDAY About four
hundred people were present during me
daN ana all reported a good time Four
.ars were needed TO haul them from
wheeling 20 the grounds. At noon a
sumptuous spread was served under a. 2
lre"S 10y the ladies. and in the evening
the specials returned for the pirnfrkers
and hrought them hack home
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
HOTEL IROyIENAC EEEIreKY

700 yHfdr from Reach the fr,.af t....fi-
W .iI.u. between the two famous
central % 40 nffIactions modem
capacity go VIII TnEl tsft .n,-.f
t.liu. nf $780, 81 .H SIS ~ ursslt.
iNei' iinE lfrEa ocean ruumr nrfnl hrf.
..I' D. baths fn.UfH superior fH.I.
wih W.. r'ftlre. table supplied IIre. t
iron .aiu. pure water rnrlfar. fIuuh-
t'a l"f .rs "fsrl.HkInE fnr H-rtr AMI
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
Way Do Ll,,l. work

if BEL rumored 40 Moundsvillc that
Tho Marshall county court had learn
81 That The bidders who bid So hich
nu Tho street paving in this district
placed same In tho manner they I'D
Tor no other reason other than the
contractors have entirely moro work
Than th"v can take care NJ this year
lh" court has almost decided 10 on.
Us pave about ono mile ~ the mostly
Travelled road leading ~ this city and
TO The rest stand until next summer
The above i8 only rumor aud uoss.-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
SEALED PROPOSALS

chants AID Other wholesale peaSerI
NOTlCE Is HEREBY GIVEN. That
OF West VtrEinta will receive bid. daily
al Its Cffice at Charleston. West Nir-
sir-s. for furnishing supplies for the
several state institutions. the financial
management or which - vesteo In said
Board Contracts Will be awarded TO the
lowest nidfers. quality consider ed. and
otHer things being sqTsl West ~irgilis
dealers viii be given preference.
Lists OF supplies needed wil b. fur
nlshe1 bidders on receipt Of reTuestS
stating the limo cesirad.
STATE BOARD OF CONTROL.
se-t-U Charleston. Wet Ntrgiris.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
Work PROGRESSING.

ing definite along these lines could be
learned
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
PUBLIC SALE.

~~~~-e~~~-~S~~~~~~-~~-~~>-~
Undersigned VII s"ll AZ public
auction on Monday july 2lst at
oc.ocN. afternoon. very dc- rabif
bus nefs property n GAINESVILLE
Ohin
MARY Y. MOORE,
DTeoutrfx.
ju25.30-jl7l42i
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17

siirriFnn Ave. near UrnrI All orfrff.
room. ,Ttn sIrfnIrIIrga TrrsIf~ri
TAME u o. DU IHfft O. uu urrEft
gIHErN.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
MISCELLANEOUS
OLE

EVEI-1r Wrfrrafsv. July feth. 1914.
f o. UrInrE D. fn Ell O. q family
rn"Iffrfr so ffn Twenfrfr efrr~f
Wfrvo"f. JOSEPH EVEL. IN bic ssh
NNHr
furfrti notice Hereafter
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17

The Wiltshire virginia av ana Reach
'''sS'N 'OCc8n View Greatly
Ihpro' 81 Capacity 35o Private bath
s,,-ul4hh water ir rooms. elevator. etc
Music Special $500 up weekly. 8. 60
up dnilN. open all tho year Booked
lNlf-'t SAMUEL. ELLIS
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
HuTUL uoTIIwELI

AAL'A' IL " ~ W LII.
Atlantic CITY. = J.
Nirgiri1 Ave. second house from gfaci
Iier. Hirnsst Standard IN Cuisine ass
service. L9.cf fte aT so'ntucrts
BOOKLET y. e =. X. EJTHWELL.
s.tE-i I-.-g-s
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
Wanted-Male and Female He'll

WANrED-Governme Jobs open to men
and women. Thousands OF appoint.
ments Write for list OF positions
Franklin Institute. Dept ass r, Rochss-
tcr. y. a. le-l6-t-Jy-l6
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
FOR RENT

8 room Apa-tnit {. McMaster Flats SIS m
. room house a. Glenwood ...... 800
casa Main ST. : rooms and bath IS On
- Virginia -. rooms and bath IS 90
81 virginia St. 8 rooms .......... 22.0p
80 Elm St. 6 rooms ............. IS 90
500 New York. rooms and bath. 1870
600 Ontario. , rooms ......... 800
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
FOR SALE Or TRADE

bOR saL1 OF TRADE-A GOOD seven
foo'n horse and tNo lots. With weiia
Tern. shsas,s Lawn. srf other improve
neafe VII cell cEeap. OF trade for .
sIl-lt iarm. Af1rsas Charles = Muller.
tamFron- " Va 1s-s1-0
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17

ID, M.rt r'ruinr .nI attractive hotel f1-
ur can rrI Ternraare Ave- 'lrfr1f ~ m
nr. l".s InmrI Do. fIn uf weekly
y LU daily o. " VDIrru.f.-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
WANTED Female Help.

WANTED-l.ady ticket sellers. Wheeins
Park. Price per week six dollars.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17

Gibraltar. Naples and Genoa.
frAu steamers in this service
leave from NEW PIER, 33rd
st. DO. Brooklyn Take 3eth
b. Ferry.
.. 3. Hamburg ul.OO0 Tonsl
August ., 10 A. NJ.
3. 3. Hcitks i2.50c rcnsl
Aug. IS, II. A. NJ.
6. s. Hamburg Sept ~, 10 A. VI.
Q. 3 Moltfe. Oct tia. m.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1913-07-17
FOR RENT

TOR REFr-LarEe furnished rooms with
.ulIt. ~ severn 9f5 Main. y 1ebsY
Bel 1871. Jy-l7-j
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
MOVING PICTURE PUBLIC.

From THE Moving Picture Theater of
Tomorrow" Robert Grau in National
Mechanics Magazine for May.
The public that ratronzes the better
class of photo play houses refuses to
the average vaudebille "cha ser" in order
to see a good photo play-and this is so
well understood outside of New YORK city
that hundreds of exhibitors have placed
their establishments on a permanent
ly profitable basis by cutting out the va
riety turns-even the illustrated song is
tabooed, the money row being spent in
a far higher grade Of film and in thus
immeasurably raising the level of their
offerings on the screen has come the
advent of the lecturer, and in some of
the best houses a symphony orchestra.
But New York is far behind cities IF
lesser size, the uplifting movement here
being greatly Handicapped through lack
of cooperation on the part of the exaib-
itors who seem to cater to the particular
taste of the neighborhood in which their
theatres are located.
With the kalem company spending
100000 for one photo play, and $4,000 for
several, and with the Edison and Vita
graph companies employing players and
authors of equal rank to those engaged
for Broadway predictions, the day can
not be far off when the cheap and made
quately constructed photo playhouses
must pass for all time. We have seen more
than one of the broadway playhouses
prosper with moving pictures at pri es
almost as high as usually obtain for the
best plays, and there is everything to
indicate that the trend IS now toward
well-built and even ralatial establish
ments, where the scale of prices will
range from five to twenty-five cents. In
these good music-evcn the photo opera
is near at hand-v'ill quickly atone fer
the elimination of vaudeville even to that
small public that is yet attracted by the
latter.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
FILTHY CUBAN HOMES

Arthur M Roy in the Pathfinder.
Within 20 miles of Havana city | stopped
and entered an average Cuban country
home. 1t was constructed of rough boa d
sides and the roof was matched with
palm leaves and grass. There were two
rooms and lean to for a kitchen. Tho
dirt floors had not been swept In long
time. The living room was furnished Il
with cracker box, crippled stool and
a rough table. The adjoining bedroom
had two cheap hospital iron beds with
woven wire filing. The husband and wife
and four children found sleeping accom-.
modations somehow On these two narrow
beds They evidently slept on the bare
wire. for all the bedding in sight com.
prised two cheap blankets and two ha rs
stuffed with hay for pillows
The windows had no glass and were
covered by wooden shutters. The kitchen
had no chimney In one corner was a
place for cooking, raised about three feet
and covered with clay. 1t looked like n
small blacksmith forge, less bellows an
smoke fiue. Perhaps half dozen cock.
ing utensils comprised the outfit. From
the smudge and live Goals | concluded
something was cooking, but | couldn't
guess what. Everything was dirty and
squalid and all the furnishings of that
home weren't worth s25. The woman vas
scarce 80, the mother of four children. and
she said that they We're quite prosperous.
Her husband is earning s14O a day in The
nearby sugar mill
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
At the White House

President Wilson is carrying out his
democratic ideas in many ways but that
remark which he made just before in
auguration about keeping his office
door at the White House open SO that
everybody might come in unannounced
was joke, for no one can see him un-
less an appointment has been made in
advance" said p. V. Riley of Philadel-
phia.
Many office seekers, no doubt, took
the President elect seriously when he
stressed his love for Jefersonian sim
plicity. They thought they could call
in person and see the President. But
very early in his term President Will
son announced that he would see nc
applicant for office, and 1 am told by
political friends in Washington that
the President is more inaccessible to
the public than most of our chief ex-
ecutives have been. This is said in nc
uncomplimentary way. 1t simply shows
that President Wilson. is a hard work
ing man and has little or no time for
general social intercourse or political
gossip outside of his official life
Il was living in Washington during
| President Mckinley's administration
and | found it easier to see him wher
l had any excuse fof calling than il
was to get at some corporation of
ficial in New York or Philadelphia.
Il am not a democrat but L do moi
hesitate to say that President Wilson
is making very fine record"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20

was a time when learning applied to
the practical work of life was so much
in evidence as now. And never, per-
haps, were young men and young
women so eager for culture calculated
to benefit mankind as well as reflect
credit upon themselves as those of to-
day.
Efficiency is the note everywhere.
In our multitudinous activities little
worth while would be accomplished
without that state of efficiency on
the part of workers which ensues
from modern educational methods
Every school and college commence
ment in Alabama marks distinct pro-
gress, morally and materially But
with all the inspiration and quickening
influence that the commencement sea-
son brings there should be felt keen
regret at the backward condition of
the masses of the children in this
state dependent upon the rural public
school.
Alabama will never improve its
status in regard to illiteracy statistics
until there is nine-months school
at every cross roads. The next legis-
lature will have no more important
work before it than that of submitting
constitutional amendment to the
people for their ratification allowing
each school district. to tax itself for
school purposes. Those who are enjoy
ing the advantages of college edu-
cation should constitute themselves
an advance guard in the next educa-
tional campaign in behalf of the bare
foot boy and girl
The enthusiasm that permeates the
college student body should make it.
self felt throughout the state. And it
will. In the meantime. the educators
who have labored to train the mind
and form the character of Alabama s
youth are to be congratulated on
their admirable achievement.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
Progress in Education

In these commencement days bac-
sermons and commence
|ment addresses not only make an i'm
k,ression on student bodies but they
have an appeal for all who appreciate
khe value of culture in the upbuild-
fng of communities and common
fvealths.
A In Alabama several notable ad-
dresses have already been delivered
and published and others will follow.
The quality of the commencement ora
ton, whether it be sermon from the
pulpit or an address in the college
hall, is finer, as a rule, than in pre-
vious years. Every commencement
orator now feels that something more
than the we'll rounded sentence or con-
)ventional advice is expected of him.
What he says contains animating
views and convincing statements as
we'll as grace of style. There never
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
Continued Prosperity

One hears something about lull in
business throughout the country but
Blrmingham's prosperity seems to go on
unabated," said a member of the Cham
Der of Commerce.
"Of course, If there should be a ma
tion-wide recession in the Industrial
held Birmingham would feel 1t to some
extent, But with great crops in view
the country will prosper this summer
and Birmingham will have its share of
the business.
When work is started at the Ameri-
can Steel and Wire company's plant
there Will be mighty impetus given
to business hereabouts l am expect
ing to see new high record in Bir-
mlngham's prosperity between now and
fall"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20

1t Is reported in London that vopne
Count George Festetcs, chamberlan Of
the Austro-Hungarian embassy in Ton
don. has proposed to Mrs Ava Astor and
has been rejected. His devotion is EVIL
dent to all who know the two. Mrs. AS
tor declares that she has no intention of
marrying again. She is telling evervbod,.
OF her acquaintance what a good time
she had in America. She says she intends
to return to New York in July for a long
stay probably through the fall and win.
ter. While in New " TX she will be with
her son, William Vincent Astor. He is
according to all reports, greatly attached
to her and to his sister. Count George
Festetcs is the eldest son of Prince Fes.
tetics de Tolan. He was born in Baden
Baden in 1882. His mother is Lady Marv
Hamilton, whose marriage to the Prince
of Monaco was annu.ed in 1885, The Fes
tetics family Is an old and distinguished
one in the Hungarian nobility.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
Atlanta Loves Excitement

Il have always admired Atlantas push,
which is the result of its get together
spirit, but that entsrprising city some
times overdoes the sensational" said IN
old citizen.
1t was big thing for Atlanta to get
the Northern Presbyterian general assem-
bly, to meet there ir conjunction with the
southern assembly of the United Presby-
terrain assembly. In addition to those
three bodies the Associate Reform church
a commission especially appointed to get
In touch with the other branches of Cal
vanistic Christianity, The northern as
sembly, which is three or four times as
large as the southern. had never before
met in any southern city, strictly speak,
ing.
But Atlanta would not be Atlanta TN
less it could get no come excitement out
of the great gathering. Rumors were
started and as locker on can see with
out foundation that the election of the
northern moderator was a frame up, tc
use modern slang. This rumor was very
offensive to the Presbyterian commissions
ers and there will Je an investigation to
see who has been trying to make trouble.
In the meantime, Atlanta has gained
its point. 1t has sprung a sensation In
connection with most staid religious de-
nomination"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
- F-----so -
WALTER s. STALLINGS

Henry Edward warner, in the Balti-
more Sun
A man named Stallings has just left
Baltimore for Birmingham. Ten to one
he'll get tired of the south and come
home. Then again, maybe they'll like
him SO well down there that he can't
escape.
/ always liked Stallings. His full
name was Walter S. His job was that
of secretary of the Central Branch
Young Mems Christian association but
his especial function seemed to be, for
the last eight years. exhibiting a keen
instinct for business mana cement Also,
he is good Idea man. An idea man is
one who gives the other fellows some
thing to work on Now at a dinner at
Harlem Avenue Christian church on the
eve of his departure Stallings had "a
good idea--a big one, in fact. 1t Is
bigger than was the idea of Broadway
Visiting day. or West Baltimore Visit
ing day. This is what Stallings wants
to do:
He wants Baltimore to have an ath-
letic week, in which every gymnasium
member in Baltimore-1200 in the
Young Mems Christian association
alone-will take part, from the tiniest
juniors to the huskiest seniors A sor,
of marathon week, with a huge parade
music till the heavens shake, circles
within circles of contests. relay races
everything that goes with the idea OF
man. making. 1t would be corlxinc
stunt If some one would push that idea
through and 1T would show that Bal
timore is alive and busy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
Underwood Will Stand Pat

The Montgomery Journal presents a
rumor from Washington to the effect
that Mr.. Underwood will enter the
Alabama senatorial race. This rumor
should be accepted with several grains
of allowance. In the first place, Mr..
Underwood has a bigger and better
job than any senatorial seat offers. In
the next place Mr.. Underwood has a
historic task to perfect, and he has
promised that he will ask for changes
in the present bill if it bears uniustlv
on any industry A great tariff meas
ure cannot be perfected in a single
session or single year.
While it is true that the appearance
of Mr.. Underwood as a senatorial can
didate would give the state a three
cornered race of unusual interest.
dwarfing any possible race for gov
ernor, yet it is impossible this time.
1t may be possible in 1918, but the
Journal should not expect majority
leader whose national reputation is
constantly increasing to be content
with a mere everyday senatorship.
This would be asking too much of
human nature this year or next year.
but things may be different in 1918.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

From the Chicago Tribune.
ut was printed in your paper, was It.,
mister? That's the reason | didn't sec
it."
.You didn't seem to notice, Gerald, that
It's nearly midnight. and I'm yawning
to beat the bai.d."
"There's no need of your al ologizing
for these sliced tomatoes, Mrs. Nayber;
saw they were spoiled and l haven't
touched EN-"
Yes, I notice, Mrs. Shykes, that your
boy Bill takes my Mary Jane to the NOV
ing picture shows quite often What
she sees In him / can't imagine"
"Oh WELL Mrs. Glizzard, my Bill goes
to see your Mary Jane because nobody
else does; he kind o. pities her."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-05-20
1 am never merry when l hear sweet
music. Merchant of Venice.
Investigating Manufacturing Interests

Investigating Manufacturing Interests
When Mr.. Underwood declared that
any injury done to a legitimate indus
|try by the new tariff would be rectl-
flied, he also gave notice that any
Sconspiracy against the new bill would
'oe investigated by Secretary Redfield
Fof the department of commerce and
that his findings would be reported to
the House.
81 Mr.. Redfield's unfair list" has in
this way won much notoriety in the
z]standpat papers, and they are work
ling it for all it is worth and great
ideal besides. But as no manufacturer
awho does not turn himself into a con-
tspirator against the new bill will be
Etroubled in the least it is plain that the
Kentire incident is tempest in tea
8pot and that few will listen to it.
I The matter arose out of speech by
-
Mr.. Redfield to the photographers in
which he told all manufacturers that
1.-The bureau of foreign and domestic
fjcommerce will inquire into their busi-
jBness methods and will probably not
l}accept as conclusive the statement OF
1.-THE amount of wages paid as COM
Hpared with the total cost of the goods
Ror the total selling price" In other
swords Secretary Redfield proposes to
fascertain the facts and will proceed
Ito act upon them in given case as
Kthey may warrant.
There is nothing unjust or unfair ir
all this and the attempt to present
Secretary Redfield as a tyrant and a
Imeddler will miscarry. His acts will
lbe judged as the acts of any other
Epublic servant are judged. The best
kthing that a manufacturer can do is
Ito take precious good care not to be-
come a conspirator after the Under
wood bill becomes law. Give it a fail
test and chance, and when that has
been done there will then be time
enough to turn against it.