davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gunnison news-champion., 1913-02-21

Frank Marshall returned to his
home in Delta, Tuesday, after a
short visit with relatives in Gunni-
Gunnison news-champion., 1913-02-21

j. L. McGruder Of Crested Butte
was a business visitor here Monday
and Tuesday.
Gunnison news-champion., 1913-02-21

. freight train and 30 severely in
jured that he died in a few davs
The accident occurred near Sarcents
The winter was 40 severe that
cattle and horses died in great num-
bers throughout the west.
Gunnison news-champion., 1913-02-21

j. L. McGruder OF Crested Butte
was in Gunniaon Monday.
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

ures that show the location and depth Of
water; and black lines that show the ''cul-
ture" features, such as school-houses.
churches. stores, houses, windmills, and
other upstagtings of human activity and
ingenuity. All these are within the lines
which mark the size of the drawing ard
Of its parts.
Projected On Plate.
The size OF the drawing is projected
upon a copper plate-a deliciously smooth
one to feel of. 1t is about three-sixteenth
Of an inch in thickness. No matter how
many plates bear projected lines or points
Of a drawing, II may here be mentioned,
they all agree with that 1.0OVth-in. nicely.
The drawing itself Is photographed
with a camera as fine as can be had. So
delicate is its focus, and the same tim.
SO varied, that il can reduce or ma gnify
with perfect clarity. Perfect clarity is
essential il you are doing, say, a five-
mile-to- the-inch scale for a map OF sew
eral colors, and requiring, therefore, as
many different plates
The photograph OF the original drawing
or plane table sheet is transferred to the
sion taken from the Photographic mega
tive which is in harmony with the lines
and shades of the drawing. After ad-
justing the topography to the degrees Of
latitude and longitude, correcting all er-
rors that may have been due to the effect
of the atmospheric changes on the draw
ing paper, and correcting those errors
that have been called to attention in the
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

Chevy Chase, D. c., and is acknowledged
to be one of the foremost authorities on
any kind of topographic or geologic map
reproduction. After over twenty years
of service in the highest class of map re-
production for Uncle Sam & Co., he re-
signed to become president and general
manager of the other firm, and, as this
story is about the Topographic Engraving
Company, there is no need to talk Of the
man who still is with Uncle Sam.
Engraved First on Copper.
Now, Mr.. Williams does not simply take
the pen and ink and draw the LOCO paral-
lei lines in an Sinch of paper. He en-
graves them upon copper in the publica-
ton of scientific maps, and from the cop
per they are transferred to stone and
from the stone they are printed by lith-
ography on the paper, on which the map
Or chart or other graphic representation
is to be made.
And these lines. so delicately traced
that they seem like web, fairy spun,
of moonbeams. really look, for all their
daintiness. as clear and bold as the heavy
thruSts of a John Hancock signature.
Each one of them not olly stands out IN
clear relief; but each one Of them has
an individual, distinctive meaning. To the
men who read them-and while few can
make, many can read them-the lines
carry the whole story of the land or the
sea they help to depict. Here, along this
contour. each of those delicate lines
means y feet difference in elevation For
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
Darias Cleveland.

From the ProvideDce Tribune. .'.
The cities of the Middle West are far
ahead of us in daring. They are not
afraid to try new measures; anything
that has seeming merit gets tried.
Cleveland. for instance, has authorized
the sale Of bonds to the amount of
s.. 00o.0 900 for a municipal lighting plant;
and that city Is going about 1t just as a
private company would. The funds arc
not taken from taxation, but the public
Is asked to invest in the enterprise.
Another interesting forward step In
that. same city is the establishment Of a
central heating plant to supply heat to
the houses and business buildings within
a given territory. The object Is to di-
minish the smoke nuisance. But. entirely
aside from that object. why should not
heat be supplied for q monthly or annual
charge Just as water. gas, and electricity
are sent to our houses by street conduits!
II il an expensive proposition for only .
few houses but where an entire neighbor-
hood Is to be supplied great economy in
fuel as well as In labor would be at
tainable.
One great trouble with American city
governments Is that they are likely to
get into ruts. They seem to find II hard
to do things differently than they have
always done them. We should be CRATE
ful to Cleveland and other wide-awake
cities for showing us that there may be
practicabilfty in at least some new IDEAS
regarding municipal administration.
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

must agree perfectly. The nearly inhnt-
tesimal points Of the black and the brown
and the blue and the yellow or the green
must be exactly the same. They must be
the one point, the one line in the finished
product OF small value to engrave q
l.0ooth-inch line on the black plate II you
1.o0Oth-inch line on the brown plate, and
make 1t still more OF a blotch with a line
on the blue plate.
After the plates are engraved to that
1.0o0th-inch nicely and all of the de-
tails Of the map are in their correct posi-
ton, and the plates are cleaned By taking
out all scratches. there is an ink impress
sion taken from each OF the pIates that
go to make up the map. and each one: OF
these impressions Is transferred to q
separate nthographic stone. Then the
map is ready for its final printing. These
stones. carrying the delicate work Of the
skillful engraver, are run through q lkh-
ographic press one at a time. and each
stone Is printed with the particular COL
ored ink that Is conventional with the
character of the work IL carries
The foregoing is descriptive Of only one
of the processes employed by the Topo-
graphic Engraving Company in the re-
production of their maps. Such work as
the maps frequently seen in railroad time
maps. county maps, State maps. &C.,
found in aliases. are also reproduced, but
by less accurate and expensive methods.
such as lithosraphy, photo-lithography.
&c. The quality Of the worx desired Is
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

You, the ordinary penman, who takes
his pen in hand when perforce he reluc-
tantly indites, may count yourself un-
usually skillful at script il you can draw
ten parallel lines in the space Of one inch
and remember that parallel lines are
those which will never meet. how far
SO ever they may be extended.
If you are a draughtsman and have
rather a fine touch, you would not do
badly at all to draw 100 parallel lines in
the space of one inch. Unless your pen
and your touch are very fine indeed the
lines are very apt to be so close together
that a casual observer might think that
you had tried to ink in a solid and had
done il streakily.
But the 100 lines to the inch are just
meager tenth of what two firms in tn;
United States do to an inch OF paper. The
two firms are Uncle Sam & Co., proprie-
tors and resident managers of the United
States. and general contractors and build
ers of the new freedom, Western Hemis-
phere brand, and the Topographic En-
craving Company, Inc, engravers of
maps, charts, and other graphic repre-
sentations in which scales are SO small
and exact that the ordinary mans eye-dot
or tee-cross looks gross and crude enough
to have been slipped there by accident.
The man with the Topographic Engrav-
ing Company, one Of the few men who
can draw within 1,000th of an inch with
accuracy, used to be with Uncle Sam S
Co. He is John Mackey Williams, of
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
BUFFALO Bills
SHOW DAYS over
Company Has Been Forced
Into Bankruptcy by Its
Creditors.
WILL RETIRE TO RANCH
Col. Cody Had Picturesque Career for
Many Years as Cavalryman, Scout,
and Indian Fighter.

Col. William Frederick Cody, known
to every grownup and the majority of
youngsters throughout the country as
Buffalo Bin," has been seen in show
for the last time.
The staid, dignified, noble old chieftain,
who has fought in more battles with the
Indians than probably any other nslng
man, has been forced to retire from tne
ring. Last week his troupe, tfe Buffalo
Bill Wild West and Pawnee Bill Far
East show. was forced into bankruptcy
by its creditors.
Many times in the past has Col. Cody
been hard pressed by his creditors, but
friends always have come to his rescue
and extricated him from his difficulties.
Nisfortunes have attended him constant
Iy. His troupe has been in several rail-
way accidents. in which many Of his
horses have been killed and considerable
property destroyed.
No more will the youngsters be kept
on edge awaiting the shows arrival,
after they have seen the advance agents
posters with wild dashing Indians rush
ing upon a band of settlers, in front of
whom is seen Buffalo Bill" guiding
them on
No more will he be seen riding through
the streets in the conventional parade
which precedes every initial performanc
in a city. In his place will be seen some
one else.
The bankruptcy proceedings were
brought by three creditors. Frederick W.
Biddle, Of Philadelphia, who has a claim
Of 800 for board and provisions; Ma
than w. Perry. of Denver, whose claim
is s3i2, and Charles Anderson, of Dem
yer, with a claim Of $36.
Wanted to Return to Ranch.
This was Col. Cody's farewell trip
through the country, and because of this
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

always the basis Of consideration As to
the process employed and this company Is
equipped to handle the reproduction Of
any and all class of map work. but the
remarkable skill and talent demonstrated
in the copperplate engraving process Is
not to be found in hardly any other
poration has the unique distinction of be-
ing the only commercial firm in the couu-
try engaged in a work that heretfore only
the United States States Government mas
undertaken.
Need of Accurate Maps.
4 It Il also true that the need OF these
accurate maps Is rapidly growing, as is
signaliy shown by the installation of map
reproduction plants in number Of the
Sosth American countries as wen as IN
China and some Of the Eastern countries
that have for years been content with
the most inferior classes Of their graph:
representation. There Is at present con-
siderable work of this character being
sent to this country from all over the
globe, because of the scarcity Of compe-
tent map engravers. II would probably
be Of interest to know that in this lim-
tied profession there are less than seven
ty-five copperplate map engravers'in in the
United States. and very few are to be had
in any country This Is because of the
lack Of the necessity heretofore for the
higher class Of workmanship and the pep
pie interested were satisfied with a slight
resemblance Of what a map Of their coun-
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
WASHINGTON WATERS
! Do NOT RESENT TIPS
Local Gareoas, Interviewed On Ones.
tioa, Would Not Favor Law
Similar 10 hat n St. Louis.
THREE WAYS TO LEARN HOW

Whether twas nobler in the mind to
suffer the filings and arrow-like stares Of
untipped walters or to take aims away
from cafe garcons and. by opposing. end
the tipping nuisance-that was the ques-
tion. -.--
In st. Louis they have passed an ordi-
nance legalizing a tip Of from IS to IS to
any person who furnishes evidence lead
ing to the arrest and SO forth Of a Upper
or a tipee. This tip Is given by the city.
which splits fifty-fifty on the fine assessed
with the prosecuting witness. St Louis
walters say they are in favor Of 1t. So
do all walters.
They say. the walters, that they lose
their self-respect when they accept a tip.
They claim that their salaries would be
more apparent to the bare, or unassisted.
eye were tipping stopped. But still they
accept tips. This may be because Of the
estimate of leading scientist that
walters tips are sufficient to surround,
II not inclose, his self-respect.
There were three ways of finding wheth-
er Washington walters preferred tips. One
was to tip the waiter and then ask him;
the second was to ask before tipping.
What the intelligent reader doubtless win
perceive to be the third way was to ask.
after he had lost all hope Of having his
unsalved palm fabricated, whether he was
In favor Of tips.
Way one: 'Do you favor Tipsr' Ger
tainly not" adding 81 biIl-this 50 that
there may be mentioned the plethoric
roll without which no cafe scene would
be complete-to his pIethoric roll OF yell
low-backed bills. Every tip We accept
he continued. lessons our seif-respect.
Are you in favor Of the tipping habit:"
A sideiong glance with which you are
sized up mo. sir; oh. nor This sounos
promising here. but there was Q, peculiar
rising infection on. the oh and the
final mo- which left his meanipg-weil.
to say the least. In doubt. There was
sneaking suspicion that something was
wrong. that IN the statement there was
something lacking. something unfinished.
Again the guessing powers -of the reader
are drawn on-this time 10 hgure out that
this was the second wsy.
The third way: IT suppose you. too.
are opposed to the tipping habit becsuse
It prevents your getting . higher salary"
Business Of walking toward. the hat boy.
Ulforseen business of trtpping ovG-not
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

and Cody made $1,000 per week out o.
it. His shows have been seen by
Queen Victoria. and he has met the
crowned heads of practically every
country he visited. Several years ago
his show was united with Pawnee Bills
Far East The combined shows proved
successful until this year.
Besides being a Snowman and scout,
Buffalo Bill was also something Of a
promoter. He was the organizer. and
is the president, OF the Shoshone Irri-
CATION Company. His ranch is looked
upon as a summer resort. Travellers
in his part of the country never fail
to visit the old warriors ranch, where
hotel accommodations are to be found.
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
Misuse of the Mails.
From the Omaha Bee.

FROM the Oulana Bee.
The instance of the two magazine pub
fishers sentenced to four years each in
the penitentiary is another indication Of
the governments paternal interest in the
morals of the people. Sometimes folks
may get the idea that the Federal au-
thorities are more Jealous for the en-
forcement of merely civil statutes, whose
violation more directly affects commerce,
but thoughtful observance will quickly
disabuse the mind of such an erroneous
impression. The government Is jealous
of nothing more than the rigid enforce
ment OF laws of a peculiarly moral
aspect, such as those prohibiting the use
of the mails for immoral purposes.
Nor Is this a new departure. For long
years the United States has had officials
whose sole duties consisted in ferreting
out violations of those very laws-laws
against the circulation OF obscene mail
matter. So faithfully has this work been
done that offenses of this character are
far less numerous now, even with our
great increase in population and cunning
commercial devices. than ever. Only the
most wary dare now engage in that line
of deviltry.
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

specifications Of the WORK. the. transfer
Is stained on the copper plate simply as a
guide to the engraver, who, with Abso-
lutely no mechanical equipment. exercises
his ability and skill in following the char
acter of the work as set forth on the
plane table drawing.
Importance as the slightest discrepancy
or variation would detract from the ac-
curacy OF the finished map The original
drawing or plane table sheet Is trans
ferred on as many copper plates as there
are colors. and In each case the work Is
placed in its relative position to the de-
grees of latitude and longitude on each
of the color plates. All of this ID done on
the Lo00th-inch principle. and should any
plate vary this distance, II would not reS-
lister with the colors showing the other
features Of the map. ....
Actual EneravinE Done.
Then the actual engraving OF the copper
plate Is done, all Of 1t by hand. -.
For each color to be printed upon the
map a separate PHOTOGRAPHIC transfer and
a separate copper plate Is made.
The engraver improves on the clarity
OF the detail, he brings out the exact
resents, and does this with q deiicacy that
cannot be appreciated by other than
those who are familiar with the great
amount of skill and natural instinct that
such a fine sense of touch clearly dem
onstrates. - --. o.. -
All of these 'plates. as mas been said,
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
A Plea for Kitchen.

From Eeshes.
The Kitchen should be the refinery. the
laboratory, the factory Of the home, and
the pivotal point about which the activi-
ties Of the home revolve. Costs should
be considered thoushtfully; No scrap Of
food should be wasted. II all can be and
should be used again In various ways.
By buying staple food supplies In large
quantities from Is to % per cent can be
saved Any one wishing to do 20 may
economixe in this way. Housewives must
not hook upon their art n mere
drudsery; they must bring education. In
telliGence. and concentration Into prAc.
tice. They. should ieafn. ~ msnufac-
turers have, that the, hest results are to
be obtained In. . Workshop that II we'll
lighted. properly ventilated. and comfogt-
ably large. suitably furnished. and sani-
tary in all its eduipments.
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
"Eugene HALE"
From the Hartford Courant.

From the Hartford Couant.
Once upon time Gambetta was max
ing a speech; he uttered the name OF
Polignac, and was instantly interrupted.
II remind you,' said the Due de Broglie.
''that you are about to speak of ms
father-in-law.' Resuming, Gambetta
tlandly said that 1t was no part Of his
intention to lacerate the feelings Of N.
Polignac's son-in-law. Possibly Henry
Watterson forgot whose father-in-lav
the late Zachariah Chandler. OF Michi-
gan. was when the other day he wrota
in the Courier-Journal about him: His
bark was much worse than his bite.
He was heavy drinker. q high liver.
and q hard swearer. All the while thar
he was the extremist Of the extreme his
business prospered. He had keen eye
for trading and robust common sense
that never failed him. His rule In pub
lice life was to play to the galleries. His
type win never come again. It belongs
to the dead and buried past"
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03
SHIPS ANNUALLY
10000 SNAKES
W. A. King Operates Big Rep
tile Farm" Near Browns
vile, Tex.
WIFE BUSINESS PARTNER
Cssple Have Been Bitten Many Times
By Rattlers- s-Bainess Is
Prsefable One.

Brownsville, Tex. Aug. 2.-Probably the
largest snake farm in the world Is
operated here by w. A. King-"Snake'
King. as he calls himself. The title is not
He has q partner in the
business in his wife. The two have ham
died many thousands CT venomous rep
tiles.
Just now they are catching a great
many. 1t being the breeding season. 1t
is not unusual for rattler to bring forth
fifty or sixty in one litter. Not long ago
one brought forth 1Ss in one litter. An
infant snake Is worth . cents. and it rap
idly grows in value up to = and SO de-
pending upon its weight. Snakes are
usually sold by the pound. King feeds
his snakes field mice and rats brought in
by Mexican boys
KING says he has handled more than
$4,000 snakes since he started In the BUSH
ness, about twenty years ago. He is now
shipping annually about 5000 snakes
from his farm. The chaparral wilderness
OF South Texas and all Of Northern Mex
leo II the natural habitat for rattlers AMI
many other kinds Of poisonous reptiles
Mrs King is an expert snake hunter.
As girl she learned to handle them with
. minimum OF danger. She focnd that
there was q market for them. and fos
several years before meeting King she
made q business OF hunting the rectllss
I'm the brush around Brownsville. She
stjll delights In snake hunting. and .
usually accompanied by q sister. VINO =
an assistant 1t the farm. The hunting
Of rattlesnakes gives employment to moe
than loo Nexicans In the spring oil the
year. =
aest An over the Wsrid.
snskes from the King farm are shipped
an over the world. They are In demand
by museums, side shows. geological gar
dena and for other exhibition purposeA
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

Many of these snakes are also used 10,
scientific purposes-for study and dis.
secting.
1 Kings do quite a business in seI,.
ing snake poison. It is used largely h,
chemists for experimental nurnoss. a.
brings q good price. II is said 70 he ,,aI,'
able for medical purposes also. There !.
also much demand for -a,tI.S,ai.e
many believing that il is good for rheu-
King snd Sin otner MS.
mar times by rat,Iasnaras o'''en
The first time I was bitten bv q rat.
s;os4 was In lsy3,' he says. Il was
1 CUT the 1o,,Oa on @ ior some time. bui
using permanganate ~ not,sh LOU ! now,
nypodermic Injection of ammonia So,rs.
n,,ae necessary to apply a tourni.
sesh ., SION as the poison hits the
cut 49,, on. SO IN" safest way is to
the n,.o s,' aoout half an inch-at
freely 10 ,bn tet the blood flow
and adr,i,;s, so'uuon Is mixed properly
cure In M properly 1t 10 sure
.sTbe yn,,r U
almo., s nave poison fangs
70 do ~ , as they are born. ready
sn.L. az S Inc smaller the rattle
copnerbaaa ts ~ Is rhe reason the
is so go, ~, POISONOUS Is because II
small vn,,n, me poison remains in
AZ tb.r. q. "Sn %ncky heals over.
Iarsa snars .n ou moving. With a
SnaS. sa s @ ss .u are SO Dig and the
60. ~ mat u II strikes you it
wa,ah, ",S hoohing up ana ITS
h,sas. ,'..s 70 urop, such wound
h.nas iochs ts Jaws ana
oH
Dogs Hunt the Snakes.
King has several dogs tr.,n.a o..
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

he refused to raise an attachment on the
show property. Maj. Gordon w. Lille
Cpawnee Bid, his partner. wanted to
continue the show, but Buffalo Bill
was eager to get back to his ranch in
Wyoming.
Bills against the show piled up fast
At Denver. on July 3d. the United States
Lithography and Printing Company. of
Chicago, attached the property for s66, 600
A bond of s1Se,0O was required and the
show could leave town. Then bookings
were cancelled and the Indians were or
dered back to the reservation.
Buffalo Bill made a great deal of
money from his Wild West. Much of
it was spent or generously given away.
but some has been invested in lands and
mining properties in the West.
Long before Col. Cody went on the
road with his show, he became universal
ly known throughout the country. His
achievements as a scout, Indian fighter,
and a tanner of the West gave him a
place in history with Daniel Boone. Kit
Carson, Sam Houston, and Davy Crock
EFT. Besides being a scout and Snowman,
he has been a statesman. During the
braska Legislature.
He was born IN Scott County, Iowa,
February 26. 1876. His father was killed
in the Border War in Kansas. During
the progress of the civil war he served
as a pony express rider, as a govern
ment scout and guide. and as a member
of the Seventh Kansas Cavalry. On
March 6. 1856, ne married Louisa Fred
erici.
The title Of Buffalo Bill" was thrust
Upon him when ne fulfilled contract
he had made with the Kansas Pacific
Railway to furnish all its laborers en-
aged in construction with sufficient
amount of buffalo meat Within eight
cen months in the two years. 1867 and
1sGS, he had killed 4.2so butfaloes. thereby
earning his title by which he is best
known.
In the years 1868 to 1872 he served
in the operations against the Sioux and
Cheyenne Indians. and Joined the Fifth
Cavalry as a scout in 1872. In a thrill
ing hand-to-hand fight on the peak of
mountain he encountered Yellow
Tail. the much-feared warrior Of the
Cheyenne nation. The killing of this
Indian has been graphically depicted
in Buffalo Bills" show. The. year
1872 saw the first performance Of his
Wild West show. IT was chief of
scouts under Gen. Phil Sheridan when
the show business was first discussed
in 1917" said Col Cody recently. Il
turned the idea over in my mind for
a long time, though Gen.. Sheridan
cago. and with Col E. 2. C. Judson,
the Ned Buntline' novelist, 1 produced
the Scout of the Plains'"
Made q, 900 . Week.
Col Cody added that the papers said
the "acting was so bad the show was
actually good"
The Washington herald., 1913-08-03

tipping-the walters foot. (He must have
been in a peculiar position to cause this
accident. Certainly Offering the one
inch that was left from late cigar.
BY the way. you left something."