Gilpin observer., 1913-02-13

utue worn De1ore the pieces were embedded
where they were found They are not friable.
but tough and hard The piece of hone forminp
part OF the wall Of the brain case is extraordi
narliy thlck-as much as third of an inch
Ihe lower Jaw has two molar teeth (the first
ana second) In place. They are worn very fiat
On the surface The jawbone is chiefly remark
able for the breadth of the outstanding mart or
ramus, and the shallowness of the notch 8
(called the sigmoid notch) between the articu-
lar process A and the process facing 1t (the
coronoid). In this the Sussex lower jaw is un-
ike modern mans, and approaches the heavy,
apelike jaw found in early Pleistocene sands
1t Heidelberg
have roughly sketched the four lower Jaws
In the accompanying figure, SO that these points
can be compared l made the sketch of the Sux-
sex jaw hurriedly, and 1t must not be regarded
ls strictly accurate in measurements
The front part of 1t is to large extent broken
away, only its lower end. marked y in the draw
Ing, being preserved. But this is a most i'm
portant bit. 1t is aattened on the under side
and forms fat broad union" (or symphyss)
with the other half Of the jaw (broken away
reaching as far back the "g' in the word Fig
This DR.. Smith Woodward shows is unlike the
same region in modern man. in the
Heidelberg Jaw. It is almost exactly like the
union of the two halves of the Jaw in the chin.
panzee. and justifes the completion of the Jaw
made by Mr.. Frank Barlow. the able modeler of
the Natural History Museum, at DIR. Smith Wood
wards suggestion.
bone 1t is necessary to introduce two large BIZ
cuspids, large canine, and two large front
teeth. bigger than those of a man and like those
Of well-grown chmpanzee
The skull has been carefully completed" from
It's fragments by DR. Smith Woodward and Mr..
Barlow. and proves to have good straight fore
head and is probably that of woman. It does
not resemble tsle skulls of the Neanderthal race,
ind is in general characters closely similar to
that of the inhabitants OF this part of Sussex
1000 years ago.
The gravel In which this fragmentary skull
md jawbone found embedded proves to be
Is remarkable as are the human remains them
'elves The great valley known the Wead
If Sussex is bounded on the north and south and
,ast and west by chalk downs. often as much as
800 feet 700 feet above the sea level The
chalk stretched right over the Weald con-
inuousy. II has been gradually dissolved and
worn away by little streams sinking deeper and
ieeper into It, and carrying the chalk In sou
ion. and the green sand below It,
iway to the sea. The result is that the sands
ind clays of the great sub-cretaceous fresh hwater
Ieposit known "the Wealden," containing re-
mains of Iguanodon and other great reptiles are
exposed. The chalk and green sand which once
Ry to the thickness of several hundred feet over
ne present surface have been slowly carried
.way, but they still remain all around the edge
" this great valley of erosion. The waters
which away the chalk over this area form
I'd gravels containing the hlnts washed by them
rom the chalk, and they must have been lay
ng down these gravels Mt different levels with.
'ut from the earlier times, when the chalk
vas hardly worn at all, until the present day
We find on the edge OF the Weald valley, high
tp on the top Of chalk hills, what are known as