davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14

delightful variety which has a spice
 of the devil in it and is known as
 woman.
 'In the latter part of the sixteenth
 century (according to Rev. Albain
 Butler) ''the church. in the person of
 St. Francis de Sales, once more
 stepped in to sanctify the rites of St. Valentines day. St. Francis severely forbade the custom of valentines or giving boys in writing the name of girls to be admired and attended on by them, and to abolish it he changed it into giving billets with the names of certain saints for them to honor and initiate in a particular manner" ' But in the end the boys and the girls triumphed over the saint Nay, the girls triumphed also over the boys, wrestling from them their ex- elusive privilege of choosing mates.
 Last year an irate old maid who had been the recipient of a comic valentine which had stung her to the quick repaired to the factory, where it was made, with a rawhide and limb of the law. She demanded the Ol luC pCAoOA nAO ud0 oCAL ACA the objectionable missive. In vain she was assured that the factory was the last place in the world to learn the name of the sender. When told that the factory sold comics by the hundred gross to jobbers who, in turn, sold to wholesalers, and then supplied the retailer dealer who vended to in- dividual customers, she swore round ly.
 Many clever young people in society with artistic and literary ability write, paint and otherwise decorate the val entines they send to favored ones. In some instances a part of the decora- tion consists of jewels, diamonds, pearls or other gems, and the in- trinsic value of the bauble is thus en- hanced.
 Valentine parties are still in popu- lar favor, and those who have not the ability to write love-sonnets or design sentimental valentines ire quently go to artist friends, and even to professional artists, and have pri- vate valentines made. At these par ties each person exchanges valen- tines. French imported valentines run as high as $200 and $500, according | to the richness of the lace and other but these expensive mis- sives are rarely kept in stock.
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14
CUPID'S ESPECIAL DAY IS THAT OF GOOD ST.
 VALENTINE.

~ USTOM, more potent than any A other authority known to man, N has decreed that on St. Valen-
 tines day those of opposite sex shall exchange missives and epistles, either comic or sentimental, in which the foibles of the receiver or the love of the sender are set forth in prose, in verse and in emblematic picture. Now there is no custom without a reason, but the reason for this can- not be found in the life of the good saint who is made to indorse this cus- tom with his name.
 He wrote no love song!
 No one rises to accuse him of cast ing sheep's eyes on any Roman maiden. He was a bishop or pope, of Rome who stood steadfast to the faith during the Claudian persecu- tions, and for that faith was cast into jail, where he cured his keepers daughter of blindness. Honi soft qui nal y pense! It is the pleasure of Cupid, blind himself, to bring upon his votaries a similar blindness, not to cure it.
 "Nor was there anything comic or sentimental in the fate of St. Valen- tine when the miracle was made known to the authorities. They first beat him with clubs and then be- headed him. What was left of him is preserved in the Church of St. Praxedes at Rome, where a gate, now known as the Porta del Popolo, was formerly named in his honor Porta 1s- ToI1 says William S. Walsh in his "Curiosi- ties of Popular Customs"
 Bailey's English Dictionary (172D, under the subject of Valentines, says: About this time of the year-Febru- ary-the birds choose their mates, and probably thence came the custom of the young men and maidens choosing valentines for special loving friends on that day"
 Francis Deuce (1S07), discussing the same subject, says: 'Tt was GUS tomary to put the names of young women into a box, from which they were drawn by the men as chance di- rected and the Christian clergy, find ing it difficult or impossible to ex- tirpate, the pagan practice, gave it at least a religious aspect by substitut- ing the names of particular saints for those of the women"
 ''But see how strong is the old Adam in the hearts of the unregen- erate,'' comments MT. Walsh Wan ton youth was not satisfied to imi- tate these holy fathers and ballot for a ghostly partner in heaven. It %o- h1nnd here on earth-fesh and blood of that
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14
LINCOLN'S FAME FOREVER FIXED
 IN HISTORY

T1HE flood of OrationS and editO-
 rials throughout the land, in
 which the loved and honored
 name of Abraham Lincoln ap- pears, has for many years passed be- fore our eyes, and the reader of them Is able to see what an immense fame the name of Lincoln has already achieved, and to what an extent the popular estimate of the man verges upon hero worship. For if we wuold know popular feeling concerning a great name, these public memorial ad- dresses and newspaper editorials, for the most part attuned to the public pulse, are better guide than the more cautious and international esti- mates to be found in the works of the best historians. The mass of the people do not read the ponderous his tories; they do read the newspapers and listen to the glowing periods of the popular orator on ceremonial or commemorative occasions.
 A prominent western paper has de clared that Lincoln is universally re- garded as "the one indispensable man" of the Civil war period Rev. Dr. Edward Everett Hale took occa- sion to condemn certain phases of the Lincoln portrait as presented in a certain popular novel of the Civil war period, on the ground that they unnecessarily vulgarized Lincoln's character. Only one newspaper edi- torial has come to our attention which in any way tried to exhibit some of the possible defects of Lincoln as a statesman, and that was unmistakably designed to excuse certain faults of politicians in general by enveloping them with the halo that surrounds great name. The tendency to regard Lincoln as the one essential man, whose wisdom was never at fault, and whose name deservedly gathers to itself the exclusive veneration of the people, even to the point of wor- ship, is unmistakable and the ques- tion arises whether a period of reac- tion can possibly follow this phase in the development of what one of our most iconoclastic historical scholars l has called ''the Lincoln legend"
 It seems probable that the reaction will never be very serious or pro-1 Books on ''The True Abra- | ham Lincoln" will undoubtedly begin | to appear a generation or two hence. just as they have appeared in our own time with Washington, Franklin | and Jefferson as subjects. A certain | nausea finally makes itself felt in4 many minds after too long a period of t excessively high colors in the paint ing of historical portraits, and the re-
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14
VALENTINE DAY
 LONG IN FAVOR
Centuries Have Failed to Dim the Memory of the Good Old
 Saint.
DISPUTE AS TO HIS IDENTITY
At Least Two Bishops of Ancient Times Have Been Credited With the Honor of Being the Founder of the Day Consecrated
 to Cupid.

AT. VALENTINE of blessed mem
 ory, whose natal day falls upon A the 14th of February, seems to
 be the saint of this particular season. His customs, which have sur vived the lapse of centuries, are as- sociated in our minds with the send ing of various amatory epistles, and the rather more agreeable gifts and presents, which are occasionally sent in the shape of flowers and candies by the young men and maidens, one to another.
 New York and New Workers still retain memories of the saint, who seems to have been like his associate, the good St. Nicholas, a patron saint of the Netherlands, and in this con nection we, perhaps on account of our Dutch ancestry, celebrate his festival with kettledrum, says the New York Times. Far back in the mists of an tiquity lies the origin of the custom of sending letters, or valentines, on the saints day, while the original St. Valentine would appear to be- gifted with as many lives as the proverbial cat, or reincarnations under the same title, for we find two bishops of the name, a Virgin martyr, and a Tyro- lean saint, all of whom have authentic records of their lives and deaths pre- served in history, and none of whom would seem to be in any way con- nected with the valentines of today.
 However, it is always possible to reconcile the two or three, and there is sufficient evidence to show that St. Valentine, bishop of Rome, who died in PTS A. D., was born on the 14th of February, and he is so set down in the Roman and Anglican calendars He was a martyr to his faith, and when cast into prison by his enemies he cured his keepers daughter of blindness, for which miracle he was beaten with clubs and then beheaded, and his remains repose in the Church St. Praxades, at Rome, while a gate now known as the Porto Popolo was formerly called by the name of St. Valentine, or Porto Valentino.
 Another Valentine, also a Bishop, claims share in the day, and his claim to saintship rests upon the cure of the son of Craton, the Rhetorician. His death was caused by choking on a fishbone, whether of his own choos- ing or administered by his enemies the legend does not state, but in Italy and Greece they pray to this saint to cure them from epilepsy.
 The St. Valentine of Tyrol, who seems to have been born a little later, and who died in the fourth century. has a church conscrated to his mem ory in South Tyrol, at Meran, where he is supposed to have preached Christianity to the heather Lombards In the legend he appears as a beauti- full youth attired in the dress of a Ro- man soldier bearing a cross on his sword hilt, and coming over the noun tains from Italy; entering Meran, in what is now known as Tyrol, he en- counters the heather priest of the temple, and after long argument | with him, he calls upon his gods to | destroy the temple.
 The heathen and the priest are all |
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14

action is seen in "the true" class of biographical studies. But Lincoln, however much he may suffer in the future from overpraise, is still fortu- nately fixed on the stage of the worlds past, and whatever reaction there may be, even in the minds of scholars, is not likely to assume the dimensions of real controversy. Historians will never quarrel over him as they do over Cromwell and Napoleon, or even Jefferson. We shall never have a Clarendon writing down Lincoln, as the English Clarendon did Cromwell;
 nor Taine, who, though French man, devoted all the extraordinary power of an analytical and scholarly
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14

mind to demolishing the Napoleonic legend which other French historians
 had Constructed. The bitterness and partisan malice which have character ized the warfare of historians over the. life work of the stout Englishman who cut of Charles head, and the
 colossal Frenchman, who ground Flu rope under his heel, are never likely to distinguish the work of either southern or northern historians of our Civll war period. And without such quarrel, the weaker side of Lincoln
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14

In the west of England there was one ancient custom that was extraor- dinarily singular. Early in the morn ing of St. Valentines day young men, necessarily of the character that "dee- lights" in the strenuous life, started out together with a clap-net to catch an owl and two sparrows in some, neighboring barn. If they were sue cessful in catching the birds and brought them to the village inn with out injury and before the women folk had risen, they were rewarded with three pots of purl (whatever that is) by the inkeeper. They also enjoyed the privilege of demanding similar consideration at the hands of every householder in the neighborhood.
The Holbrook news., 1913-02-14
Daily Thouaht.

"To receive honestly is the best thanks for a good g."-George Macdonald.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
ROB JEWELER Of
TRAY Of DIAMONDS
Bandits Get Away
after Revolver Fight with
Chicago Police.

Chicago. Jan. 3.-Four automobile
bandits in spectacular robbery smashed
in a jewelers. window here to-day and
escaped with tray of diamonds after a
running revolver fight with police.
The thieves stole a car from in front
Of downtown business building late in
afternoon halted In front OF Clark
street jewclry store, beat in the show
windows with bricks. seized a tray Of
rings and leaped into their stolen automo-
bile. Policeman Charles Hanson ran up,
hut at that moment a handsomely dressed
woman shrieked and threw herself into
his arms Hanson could not draw his
pistol and the mon in the automobile sped
away as two other policemen opened fire
on them. The woman who had appeared
to faint, recovered as soon as the men
escaped.
The bandits car was stopped later
by Policeman Charles StiCKen in a
traffic jam few blocks from the
scene Of the robbery. SticEen arrest
cd the chauffeur for speeding and
standing on running board told him
70 take the party to a police station.
The chauffeur pretened to obey but
later turned into a side street. Sicken
protested and received stab wound
over the left eve, blow on the back
OF the head and shot in the leg and
was hurled from the car
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
WOMAN CLUNG TO
THE BURNING BED
John Logan Fails to Save Heavy
Mother in Law from
Death.

Rutland Jan. '.-John Lo-ah. large IN
spirit but small I'm body. tried unsuccess-
,,,iiy ,a,.l ,rt. ,,,r,,i,,,, ., sa,., hi,
'''H' ''"' ''' ""'' Az Oe"-
ridden with a fractured leg and physically
robust. from burning 10 death.
r,o,,o,,.i,,. .,, oy,1o.si,,, ~, , lo,,,,, o..
o.oo a,c,o.l w.. .ar,.,r ,,.,a,,,. On ,.aors
,,.. ,,,,.a11.,.e1 H.. a,,.,,.. IT., o., l.; ra,,.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
MCCALL As 4 PIONEER.

For the New York Evening POST
There is a special reason why Cor
gresham Mccall should at this time -
particularly favored for the Massachusetts
senatorship In addition to personal di.-
nifty and indepen lence. a cultivated mind
ability as a debater and speaker and a
long legislative experience, he deserves
recognition as one Of the earliest repui-
licans in Congress TO distrust and Oppose
Theodore Roosevelt In the heydey OF
the latter's power, Mr.. Mccall showed that
he did this And it nettled President
Roosevelt intensely He did not like 1t
that the representative in Congress whom
Harvard and Cambridge We're steadily
re. collecting should let K be known that
he had confidence neither In the motives
nor the policies of the son of Harvard.
President Roosevelt betrayed his exas-
peration with Congressman Mccall on
many occasions, sometimes humorously.
He once said to the late Vice President
sherman Jim. do you want to de me a
favor" Certainly, Mr.. President"
Then go and kill Sam Mccall, and
will grant YOU a full pardon, as l have
powtr to do in the District of Columbia"
In all seriousness, however, MI Mccall
anticipated many in hndng Mr.. Roose-
Welt out No one has brought a sharper
criticism to bear upon his dangerous no
tons and unsettllng practices. And u
the great republican struggle N Mass
achusetts this year was-as IL undouht-
. cilv waste beat off the assaults OF
Roosevelt. to save the party from bens
tramrled under the hoofs Of the Bull
Moose. what man could II more httinsly
. nut forward now than the one VINO oeEan
the fight before the party did-Congress-
man Mccall?
The senatorial contest in Massachusetts
viii attract attention from all parts OF
I the country There is much talk of repuh-
lican reorganization. Offensive machine
leaders are to be sent to the rear. olt
intriguings are to be dropped. The party
will let the nation see the kind of man
IT delights to honor. Sucn is the theory
of the reorgan2ers; what thei: practice
! is to be. Massachusetts viii haze an ear Y
opportunity to show she can elect
marty hack or business lay figure, or
! she can choose a senator capable "t
maintaining at Washington tho ancient
repute of the State. Her hua. 'y sion
will be watched Cor as an indication Of
what Massachusetts may do To purge ana
10 restore the Republican party
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
CASTRO OFFERS BONDS
FOR GOOD BEHAVIOR

New York, Jan. 5.-Gen. Cipriano Cas-
.ro, former president of Venezuela, who
has been detained at Ellis island since
his arrival here last Tuesday, is willing
to give bond that he will obey the orders
of a federal court while visiting the Uni
ted States, according to an affidavit which
ne signed to-day. This affidavit will be
presented to the federal court tomorrow
at the hearing of his writ of habeas cor
pus demanding that the immigration au-
thorities show cause why he should not
be permitted to enter the country as a
tourist. II has not been determined so
far a could be learned tonight, whether
General Castro would be permitted TO APP
pear in person at the hearing.
In his sworn statement, General Cas-
.ro says that no reason was given by the
lmmigrat ton officials for his detention
He told of his examination by the immi-
grafton officials and declared that he die
not believe that he was Obliged to answer
questions put to him regarding public at
fairs of NeneZue.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
WOMEN HURT IN JAM OF
STRIKE SYMPATHIZERS

New York, Jan. 5.-ln the rush of more
than a thousand men and women in an
attempt to enter the Hippodrome theatre
to-day to attend mass meeting of the
international Ladies' Garment Workers,
several women We're thrown from their
feet and slightly injured. About six
thousand persons We're in the hall when
the doors were ordered closed after the
crowd had damaged the entrances by
breaking glass in the doors When re-
mort reached the outside that there were
n thousand vacant seats in the hall the
rrsh at the entrances llowed and Tor
n time the police We're powerless.
Sneakers at the iiippodrome meeting
and an overflow meeting a few blocks
away declared in favor of the women
,oining the talors strike which has been
in nroeress a week, and which has in
volved according to the strike leaders
more than 100000 workers. a strike vote
will he taken early this week
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
WH|TELAW REDS
ABLE FUNERAL
President Taft and Colonel Roose,
welt among Distinguished
Group in Chancel Stalls.

New York, Jan 5.-Tuncral services for
Ambassador WhitelaW Reid yesterday
morning in the Cathedral Of st. John
tinguished station.
pro sident Taft sat at one side of the
nar-draped coffin EX-Prcsidcnt Roosc-
Welt had n place on the opposite side.
Colonel Roosevelt was already in his seat
when the President was escorted to the
place reserved FOR him Mr.. Taft and his
suite left the cathedral before the funeral
procession passed out. Colonel Roosevelt
rcmlined seated until the coffin had been
taken to the door.
Grouped about the family in the cham
col stalls were British Ambassador
James Bryce. Secretary Of state Knox.
COL II. G. Iowthcr special deputy of the
Duke OF Connaught; cX-AmhaS Sador Jo-
.eph II. Choate and 60 diplomats, states
men, army and navy officers, philanthro-
p.sts and scholars. \ notable cungr"ga-
ton Of .50l filled the BODY Of the edice
-Four bishops had part in the service:
Bishop David II. Greer OF New York.
Bishop Country, rector of St James,
Church; Bishop Leonard of Ohio aud
Bishop William Boyd Carpenter canon
Of Westminster. London.
Canons Little and Emery Of tn" ""-
thodral. the Rev. Mr.. Rogers ot Fond du
Lac the Rev. r. r. ,t"n shaw Of Rive, can
ons Douglass and Nelson. Dpal William
NJ Grosvenor and the family pastor,
the Rev Howard Chanll"~ Robbins &C tie
Church OF the incarceration. assisted.
President Taft, accompanied by S"cl'-
tary Hllies and Major Thomas T.. Rnrads,
his military aide, arrived at tn" ca no
dral few minutes before eleven o'cl X.
He sat in the chanccl facin- the chairs
occupied by Mrs. Reid OGDEN Mills Reid
and other members OF the ambassador :
| family. In the chanccl and ON tn" same
side as Mrs. Reid and her family were
| { oloncl and Mrs. Roosevelt, and behind
Mrs Reid sat Mr. and Mrs. Henry Taft.
Near Pre- sdont Taft WAS Colonel Low
| Their. in a brilliant artillery uniform. II,
| represented the Duke of Cornau ght
brother Of King George and Governors
| General OF Canada. Near President TAFT
| sat the honorary pail bearers.
| The pail bearers in the order in which
| the cathedral were: Secretary Of stat,
| y,
| British ambassador; Senator Elihu Root
| and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Judg,
| George Gray Of Delaware and Rear Adj
! miral William Sheffield Cowles, L. s y.
| Hart Lyman and Donald Nicholson, 10
! seph H. Choatc and j. Pierpont Morgan
| Robert Bacon ana ex-senator ChaunCeN
NJ. Depew, William Douglas Sloane an,
| Robert Tod Lincoln, John CadWalade
| and Henry White
| After the service the coffin, escorted by
| sailors and marines from the Atlantic
| fleet, was taken across 10th street L
| Fifth avenue and down Fifth avenue /,
43rd street and the Grand Central station
| From there a special train carried IN,
family and immediate friends to TarrY
town where the body was laid in th'
| Mills mausoloum in Sleepy Hollow GENE
terry DR.. Robbins read the commita
! service there.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1913-01-09
CHARGE MOTHER
WITH POISONING
Mrs. Julius Wells of Swanton
Takes Arrest Calmly-Two
Children Died.

st. Adams, Jan. enlarged with
the murder of two of her children by
poisoning. Mrs. julius Wells, wife of
n lime kiln worker, was arrested at
her home in Swanton to-day. The
children were taken i'll December
last Lewis, aged six years dying the
next day and Mary, aged 4, on De-
cember 4. 1t was supposed that they
had eaten food which had accidentally
come in contact with poison which
Mrs Wells had kept in the house TO
Kill rats Mrs. Wellss two other
children were also i'll.
To determine absolutely the cause
of the deaths the stomach was re-
moved from one of the bodies and sent
to the State laboratory for analysis,
and later the bodies were eXhumed for
further examination.
Mrs. Wells. who Is about 40 years
old took her arrest calmly. Accord
ing to the county authorities, the lives
of the children were insured in Mrs.
Wells's favor