davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
OPERA AT THE CENTURY
"Lohengrin" Is the Bill for the
Fourth Week.

The fourth weeks offering by the
Messrs. .Aborn In their popular grand
opera season at the Century Opera
House will be Wagner's "Lohengrin."
There will be seven performances in Eng
fish. with matinees on Wednesday and
Saturday. On Monday evening, October
10. the opera will be sung in its original
anguage-Germsn, Miss Lois Ewell will
sing Elsa on the opening night. The
Ortrud will DO Jayne Herbert. while
Lohengrin will be sung by Morgan King
ston. Morton Adkins will be the Telra-
mund. The artists appearing throughout
the week In the other characters will be
Alfred Kaufman. as the King; Florence
Coughlan. as Gottfried, and William
Schuster as the Herald. At the Wednes-
day matinee the artists who will appear
in the change OF cast in the leading roles
will be the Misses Scott and Howard and
the Messrs. Wheatley and Kreidler.
The conductors for the week will be
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
First Performance If
America at Worces-
ter Festival.

4 special dispatch in The Tribune OF
last Friday chronicled the fact that at a
concert Of the festival Of the Worcester
County Musical Association on Thursday
evening Gabriel Pierne's oratorio est.
Francis Of Assist" had been performed
for the first time in America. The oc-
oasion was an interesting one for several
reasons. The conviction is growing gem
eral in England and America that as an
art-form the oratorio has outlived It's
usefulness and that If the activities of
our choral societies are not TO cease alto
Rother something new must be found for
them to do For a few years, and In
some localities, resort was had TO favorte
operas containing a large choral element,
such as AIDA" and "Lohengrin." 1t was
possible to offer some defence Of this
procedure in communities which had to
forego the pleasure provided by stage
performances of the lyric drama, but the
fad did not live long; dramatic music
without action, scenery and costumes
could not satisfy the public. and serious
music lovers felt that opera In concert
form was a degradation of such dignified
institutions as singing societies. Where
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

contention that no writings existed IN
italian before the thirteenth century
This canticle Tinel sets to we'll ordered
melody as solo and choral refraln
Pierne yielding wholly 10 the dramatic
idea and following the legend that while
diving Francis added to his song in praise
OF Brother Sun" SISTER Moon" Broth
err Wind" sister Water" Brother
Fire" and Mother Earth" A stanza
i'm praise OF Sister Death" sets the words
TO a declamatory chant. medieval and
cccleslas teal in tone, and goes 80 far in
his desire 10 preserve local and historical
color as TO give the orchestra interludes
In which tho first beginnings OF harmony
are illustrated. The passages are made
up of voices moving in parallel ffths,
fourths and octaves--the device known In
musical history "a "organum." As has
already been intimated. the effect is more
interesting than beautiful.
The episode OF St Francis preaching
10 the birds gave Pierne an opportunity
10 Introduce children's voices into the
work and also some music suggestive
effect OF small groups OF the little sing
ers CMr. Mees concluded that solo voices
would be ineffective) contrasted with the
large choir Of seventy voices and the
twlttcring. chirping orchestra, is extreme
~ pretty. and here there was An eX-
halation OF the charm which the youthful
choristers give 10 THE Children's Cru
SADIE" In this instance The striving for
realism yielded results which were alto
eether lovely, whereas in other cases the
good taste OF the composer was brought
into question. In the scene between st.
Francis and the leper we are made TO
hear the clicking sound OF the rattle with
which the outcasts were once compelled
to give warning OF their approach, and
I'm the delineation OF the scene In which
Francis receives the stigmata "a vision OF
the cruclfxion) there are blows In the or
chestra which seem to have been designed
to represent the hammering OF nails into
the wood OF the cross. In this scene
Pierne takes a leaf from Debussy's book
and uses his singers TO make inartculate
sounds. Tones. uttered with the mouth
sometimes closed and sometimes OPEN
are woven into the instrumental texture.
purely for the sake of color. The device
is OF questionable value. When Debussy'
I'm the third OF his orchestral nocturnes,
makes his sirens sing tho novels "O'
and "Ah," 1t Is easy enough to forgive
him, because we know nothing about the
speech OF sirens. SO. too. when Verdi
uses human voices TO initiate the signing
and soughing OF the wind In "Rigolstto,"
we make no protest because the effect
desired is ono which musical instruments.
because OF their construction, cannot pro-
duce But to hear a chorus singing set
phrases I'm harmony without uttering
word seems to be putting the human
voice TO an ignoble use. The result does
not compensate for the deprivation. At
a concert OF the Schola Cantorium last
spring a very beautiful arrangement OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

Law four oil the laws Of auction
bridge as adopted by the Whist Club of
New York the recognized auction au-
d thority, reads as follows:
Z 4. When the declarer wins the num-
Der of tricks bid. each one above six
counts toward the game. two points
when spades are trumps. six when CLUBS
are trumps. seven when diamonds are
trumps, eight when hearts are trumps.
nine when royal spades are trumps and
ten when there are no trumps.
This law is the foundation of the
game and the end to be attained is the
taking Of os many tricks as possible
after the winning declaration has been
made. Thus positive end is sought,
and upon this premise the science Of the
game is built, a scheme of action that
conforms to reason. logic and deduction
and that permits of the highest form
of these attributes in both bidding and
play.
Now, any action based upon a nullo
bid tumbles the whole auction structure
and at once creates distinct and sep
arate game. demanding new and differ
ent laws.
No one has as yet evolved any scheme
OF nullo play that appeals to reason or
good deduction. They will tell you how
certain hands should be played, but
they do not form any creative system
Of play that builds UP by inference and
deduction.
We therefore treat the iullo ques-
tons as OF separate game from auc-
tion--knowing full well it can never be-
come part OF the game.
The game of nullos IS generally bid
al ten. with undertaking value in its
relation 10 no trump and the player bid
ding one nullo contracts that he and his
partner will take only six tricks-two
nullos, only five tricks. etc. And when
= nuIlo contract is made the reverse re-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
THE BOSTON SYMPHONY.

Or. Karl Muck, conductor Of the Boston
Symphony Orchestra, on his return from
Europe last Tuesday, said that he did not
have brilliant list OF novelties to offer
to the patrons Of the orchestra the COM
ing winter, as the last year had been
most unfrutful in this direction. He has
brought back with him the score Of the
new symphony by Heinrich Noren. Of
Dresden. best known in this country a.
the composer OF the theme and set OF
variations which he called "Kaleido'
scope" The new symphony Is entitled
Vita" He has a symphonic poem oy
Reznicek, composer Of the opera 'Donns
DIANA" which is called Peter schls'
mihl." the source Of its inspiration, OF
course. being the famous story OF the
man who lost his shadow. He has two
pieces by Max Schillings, "Meergruss
and "Seemorgen," and he will do some
Continued on fifth page.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

The argument in this case that a re-
double would drive the opponents back
to no trump is easily answered. Inc
very strength expected from a partner
in a redouble would be Of equal assist
ance in defeating the opponents if re-
turn to a no trump declaration was made.
Both the adversaries passed, however
and the final declaration OF four clubs re-
doubled remained unchanged.
South, figuring upon his partners space
holding Of either the ace or four TO the
overcalling a royal declaration. selected
spades as the most desirable suit to open
with and led the king. This held the
trick, but on the next lead North's ace
was ruffed by East. Starting his ions
suit, East led the king Of diamonds, ana
Souths ace went to dummy's smah
trump. Two top hearts gave East dis'
cards OF two low diamonds and anotner
spade. ruffed low, put East in again. one
OF dummy's remaining trumps runeu
Easts last small diamond and the othe'
on lead went to South's king, leaV'hs
North's ace to make later. Only three
tricks making against the declaration
East and West went game and ruoosr
with a heavy bonus on the deal.
Vests departure from accepted nnes
In overcalllng South's initial declaration
calls for some comment. His action We
taken upon a theory Of defence on a hano
that clearly contains sufficient strengm
to warrant an attacking declaration. ANY
theory contrary to the partnership IN
terest is not to be commended at Auction
And especially so in-this case. an initin
strength bid having already been mace
by South. called for the strongest acton
by West
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
A NEW ORATORIO-PIERNE'S
est. FRANCIS OF ASSIST"

respect for choral music remained the
device never gained a foothold. con-
ductors. however were hard pressed for
works which would keep alive the inter-
est of their singers ard prove attractive
TO the public. In New York. and no
doubt also in other cities, every attempt
TO get away from the hackneyed list
Messiah" elijah" "St. Paul. and so
Cn-has for a long time been financially
disastrous The Oratorio Society has been
kept alive for many years by the two an
nual performances of The Messiah" In
the Christmastide, but even these are be-
ginning to lose their potency.
Thirteen years ago Sir Edward FL
gar came 10 the rescue of the per-
picked musicians with his Dream of
Gerontius." but its attractiveness was
not lasting and it's SUCCESSORS from the
same pen failed TO win "A foothold. Never
theless, the Dream belonged to type
which held out the best promise of solu-
ton of the problem In its admixture OF
the dramatic element with the epical.
The dramatic oratorio, OF which class II
IS a representative, is not a new thing
by any means. but the form has followed.
though at some distance behind instru.
mental music and the opera, the latter
word in this respect that Pierne's "St.
Francis" is a matter of real moment. In
it the composer has pursued a wholly
original course. blending dramatic song
with lyrical, using realistic delineative
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

Alfred Szendrei and Carlo Nicosis, while
the stage will be under the direction OF
Luigi Alberterl. On Monday night. oc-
tober 10, the artists appearing in the
German performance in the leading roles
will be the Misses Ewell and Howard AMI
the Messrs. Bergman, Kreidler, Kauf-
man and cluster.
Tonight occurs the first popular Sun
day night concert which the Messrs.
Aborn will give each Sunday evening
during the season. The artists who will
appear at this concert will be the Misses
Amsden. Howard, Ewell and Herbert and
the Messrs. Kreidler. Kingston, Chalner.
and Bergman. Szendrei. Nicosia and
Straram will be the conductors at the
concert
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
M SCOvT % Elsa
III lCHtACnM
CENTURY OptRA COhpAAI

effects in his orchestral parts. employing
unconventional harmonieS and. while
treating a religious legend. doing so IN
a wholly romantic and secular manner.
Though the story told Is that OF a saint
and the founder OF a great and ancient
order, there are few suggestions OF &C.
clesiastical music. and OF these one which
will be mentioned presently is more inter
estng for its archaism than for its beauty.
The story Of st. Francis OF Assist was
turned into an admirable oratorlo by Ed
gar Tlnel more than twenty years ago.
The Hbretto OF the Flemish composer,
whose work was performed by the Ora
torio Society in 1894. made use Of some
Of the Same elements which Piernc and
his poet have employed. This was to
have been expected. for the incidents in
the life Of the saint which are adapted TO
musical treatment spring at once into
mind when that life is contemplated.
Tiners librcttist found his material in
the worldly life OF Francis as youth,
his remuneration OF pleasure, his wooing
and mating with Lady Poverty Creating
this incident as a chivalric allegory), his
cloister life. with its labors in behalf OF
his order, his death and Qualification.
Pierne's poet makes like beginning and
ending, but introduces the episodes OF st.
Clara, the sermon TO tho birds. the meet
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

Score: Love-all, first game.
South declared one royal. AS he had
neither the essential high cards to ad-
vance the partnership interest in attack
or defence nor holding OF fixed value
sufficiently strong to act as a basis for an
Independent declaration. his action was
! detrimental to the interest of the partner
, ship.
West DECLARED three clubs. Eight clubs
promising six sure tricks, supplemented
by an outside ace and void suit, to-
gether constituted factor Of Importance
bearing on the result of any hand. AS u
unit, the hand at the minor suit declara-
/ ton was sufficiently strong TO offer In de-
fence of the adverse declaration.
Was the partnership interest best served
by naming the suit? II SO, how high in
number OF tricks should this hand be bid
to demonstrate TO a partner most clearly
the character of the holding. declara.
ton Of two coming after an adverse
declaration and hence I'm the nature OF a
forced bid would leave some doubt in a
partners mind as to the possession OF
top cards. An unnecessarily high declara-
ton, acting AZ a warning to partner
against overcalling and showing at the
same time a suit Of unusual length, would
promise TO better promote the partnership
interest.
Vests declaration OF three rather than
four TO discourage further bidding was In
keeping with the hands value. Despite
the absence OF top clubs, the compost
ton Of Vests hand was such as TO
promise fair assistance to any partner
ship declaration.
North declared three royals. As he
could further increase this declaration in
case Of an overcsll. he acted properly
in not unnecessarily forcing upon his
partner q contract that might fail.
East declared four hearts, In q specu.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

lative choice OF three declarations telub
hearts and no trump, without absolute
knowledge Of certain high cards vital
OF his own strong suit was undoubtedly
the best course to pursue.
While at five clubs East supporting
strength gave fair promise OF success
full partnership contract. The chances were
against the declaration holding, Norths
supporting bid over a high minor SUIT
declaration practically insured stiii
higher adverse declaration. Easts -FOUR
heart declaration. though overcalled,
would not lose It's informatory partner
ship value.
South passed. Having previously de-
cared on a hand below the normal value
OF an original declaration. South to some
extent made amends by refusing to over
call the adverse declaration.
Vests pass needs no comment.
NORTH GOES TO FOUR ROYALS.
North declared four royals. Despite his
partners pass a game hand looked proc
able. His high hearts at the oponepnt's
declaration would be badly situated and
probably result I'm only one trump trick.
East declared four no trump. AS tn
evenly divided hands. plainly Indicated by
the bidding, precluded the possibility or
great success at doubled royal contract
and the doubtful location OF certain nigh
cards essential 10 success at i've heart
contract, East naturally turned toward
no trump with his exceptionally strong
hand. North's supporting royal declafa-
ton made an original opening of "A spade
almost certain. With the opponents
checked twice in their long suit and n
partners strength justifyinS a high suit
declaration. the establishment OF either
hearts or clubs was practically assured.
South doubled. and North declared Eve
royals. East doubled. and tho bidding
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

ended. As the final bidding followed al
most logically as a sequel TO the earlier
declaration. no further comment Is nee
essary. With South holding tho opponents
TO only one diamond trick, the final count
gave East and West 200 points above the
line.
Unusual holdings at auction permit or
range of action. and one is the bidding
of the questionable use of a weaker suit,
hoping to draw the opponents fire to that
point of defence. while really having
stronger suit to bring into action.
They are usually in the nature OF n
boost or acceleration. but tend to deceive
ones partner more than the opponents.
The following hand sent in from the
University Club OF Chicago illustrates
the working Of such system in the play.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

& very beautiful Irish air was thus sung,
with tho result OF creating a distinct
longing for the missing words. We were
unable to realize what Mr.. Pierne hoped
to accomplish by the device.
It remains to be said of the now ora
tcrio that though much of the music
smacks OF labor and reflection. 1t bears
the stamp OF originality throughout, and
frequently OF high imaglnativeness. A
mystical mood pervades It's religious
scenes, and 1t is never commonplace in
melody, harmony or rhythm. II. +. j.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

Score. Love-all, rubber game.
South declared one no trump and West
two royals. His selection OF the suit WITH
out top cards In choice between two
flve-card suits, relatively the same in
trick value for game at love score, was
explained on the ground that the dec
laration would probably be overcalled and
then his heart suit could be moro profit
ably employed ct the higher declaration.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

ing with a leper and the disqualification
of the saint. Both composers, as was
natural, found text ready at hand FOR
musical setting in the so-called Can't
cum Soils" or "Cantico de lie creators
comunemente de la frate sole" hymn
which is attributed to Francis and has
been adduced TO prove the falsity OF the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
EAST TAKES PARTNER OUT.

South's holding was below the average
no trump strength and a safe position
at Easts declaration should have led
him to pass. West declared three hearts,
which. OF course. was doubled by North.
AS Easts holding justified take-out.
he declared four clubs. The fixed value
Of his hand could be safely estimated at
eight or nine tricks. At his partners
declaration East's holding was practically
worthless, but at his own bid some as
sistance could be expected from his part
ner. South again doubled. Although the
club contract was higher. II promised
less favorable results than at his pre-
vious diamond double. West redoubled.
Action in Vests position depends on the
soundness of partners bidding. lf
East's two-suter was OF the value con-
sistent with the bidding, Vests redouble
meant more than mere speculation.
Three trumps to RUIZ losers and help In
the establishment Of long suit and two
high cards that could be counted upon
as absolute winners, made success prob
able In spite Of formidable opposition.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05
- AUCTION B ,!R}zIl,p!2(;kL! CLINICS ~

North declared two no trumps Oh a
hand fairly strong In support of his part
ner. but unsafe at three hearts. the dec
laration required to overcall West. East
on a strong two suffer, declared three
diamonds. which South doubled. Although
a double in Souths position looks temps
ing, It could not be recommended. The
fact that East, in spite of the adverse
show of strength embodied In South's
no trump declaration and his partner s
supporting hand. deemed his holding SUM-
cienty strong to make his own declara-
ton OF three diamonds should have sug-
gested to South deal peculiarly divided
and his hand of uncertain trick value at
any adverse declaration.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

There are q lot Of banana skins On ~
path to success
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1913-10-05

Continued on fifth page.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-06-23

consequence often is that the moisture
in the cooled air around the berg
condenses into concealing fogs and
mists.
But the effects of the berg upon the
underlying and surrounding water are
still more remarkable and important.
1t has been found (as illustrated in
the picture of a melting iceberg) that
there are three characteristic cur
rents produced in the ocean water by
a great berg when It arrives in the
comparatively warm water lying
along the steamship tracks of the
North Atlantic.
In the first place, directly under the
vast ice mass there is a great cur
rent of cooled salt water, which sinks
by its own gravity. because the cold
increases its relative density
In the next place the suction pro-
duced by the sinking cold water
draws in from all sides warmer sur
face currents, which eat into the
sides of the berg by their melting aC-
ton, and finally so much reduce the
size of the berg beneath the surface,
or so change its shape, and its center
of gravity, that, at last, the equilib-
rum of the mass is upset, and it
turns over. thrashing the surround
ing sea with its immense TANKS, huge
fragments of which, heavy enough to
sink ship are detached, and go
floating away to form an attendant
fleet of small bergs and foes.
Then there is a third current COM
posed of relatively fresh water, form
ed by the melting of the berg, and
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-06-23

UTHEN Jennie saw her girl friend at the Of
NJ fee next day she asked her how she
w aged to have such nice dresses and such
a nice furnished room on the salary she got The
girl winked and laughingly explained ut was very
easy, providing you we're pretty and you found the
right MAN" But even then little Jennie did not
understand what she meant and asked the girl to
explain the meaning of the right MAN" part OF it.
This the girl was very reluctant to do, but finally
admitted that one Of the young they we're out
with the night before gave her money-and that
she just worked for the sake Of having something
to do But she did NOT tell Jennie that the work
also helped her to forget her way of living and to
keep her mind off the day when she would NOT be
good looking and when the young would
have transferred his attentions to a younger and