davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

That fellow who tried to swindle law
yer out OF money should be sent to an
asylum, not to jail.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

"of what use are kings?" demands a
Socialist orator. Not bit in the world
If the other fellow holds aces.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

One advantage about keeping a cat is
that you have something to kick when
things go wrong.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

Evelyn says she will return to Harry
Thaw il he is released. Here's to your
success, Mr.. Jerome.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

1t has been suggested that maybe
the reason he doesn't resign is that he
doesn't know Huerta go.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

You can't judge of the amount of game
a man kills by the amount OF time he
spends hunting.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

If the weather ever turns cold enough
We are going to try making an egg
nog with grape Juice.
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02

tCor9r1gnt, l5l4l
Copyright. 1913 by Mcclure Newspaper Syndiots)
Yes, DEFENDERS cold and gray,
And the birds have flown away,
Leaving US to wintry stress,
But ourselves can change the scene
With the tints Of summer green
With the brush Of kindliness.
Soon the holidays wen see,
Full OF mad hilarity.
Fun OF joys deliriouS-
By some act OF kindness done
We can make them every one
Truly Holy Days for Us!
The Washington herald., 1913-12-02
A Line o Cheer Each Day o
tn Year.
HOLY DAYS.

Original Poem written for The Herald
By JOHN KENDRICK BANGS.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
BIRDS PROTECTED.

Fifteen men located in sections
ranging from California to Massachu-
sets have recently been appointed to
advise Secretary Of Agriculture Hous-
ton on any matters which may be re-
ferred to them regarding the regula-
tons for the protection of migratory
birds. They are recognized experts in
this line but will serve without pay.
The new regulations. which do not
60 into effect until October l, 1913, are
In accordance with recent act Of
Congress providing for the protection
Of the migratory birds of the United
States. They will undertake to Sc
cure uniformity in, the protection of
migratory game and insectivorous
birds. particularly at night and to es-
tablish protected migration routes
along three great rivers in the central
United States. Complete protection
for the smaller shore bird and some
others which are greatly reduced In
number will be attempted and the
open season will In some cases be re-
duced from twenty-five to fifty per
cent
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
PRACTICAL HOG MANAGEMENT
BY J. g. FULLER

Swine offer a greater opportunity
for Improvement and. upgrading than
any other class of live stock. There IS
no reason why any farmer raising
hogs should have herd of scrubs and
inferior individuals Starting with q
pure-bred sire and continuing to use a
sire of the same breed. but q few years
are required to establish, at little ex-
pense. a grade herd equal to pure
breds in every way, for pork produc-
ton. No class of animals increases so
rapidly and none so readily retains
started with an inferior lot of sows.
a uniform herd can be developed by
using good boar and each succeeding
year rejecting all inferior animals
from the breeding herd. The boars
should be carefully selected to insure
Iprepotency. quality and soundness.
Keep him in prime condition, free
from parasites or disease, give him
plenty Of exercise and not too heavy
service. s,-
The sows must have the same quail
ity and size as the sire, and in addition
get sows from the large litters Of
prolific dams. A dozen sound teats
and quiet disposition should be re-
quired. Once SOW has demonstrated
her value keep her as long as she is
vigorous rather than depend upon
untried ones.
Rations for breeding swine must be
planned according to the needs OF the
animals Breeding animals should be
grown and not fattened. They need
plenty of exercise and variety OF
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
FILLING THE s1Lo.

Corn IL ready to be cut for silage
when the grain IL in the dent and
glazed, but can still be broken with
the thumb nail. At this stage. under
normal conditions. the two or three
bottom leaves will be turning brown
and the shuck will be turning yellow
at the end. There Is greater danger
Of putting up silage too dry rather
than too moist. In stave silo the
slaves should be frightened up to ex-
clude the air and generally loosened a
little after the silage swells the slaves.
The inside wall Of concrete .silo
should be washed with thin mixture
of cement and water every two or
three years. This fills the pores and
keeps the air from the silage.
It will take at least six teams to
keep the average silage cutter busy.
Corn should not be cut, down too far
ahead or 1t will dry out too much.
Two men should work in the silo dis
tributing the silage with forks. Where
a silage distributor Is used one man Is
sufficient. They should keep the silage
higher at the walls than in the center
and should continually tramp the sill
age next to the walls. The tramping
is especially to keep out the air. When
possible allow the machine to stand
two or three days and refill to make
use Of all the capacity. Finish filing
the silo by running in a load Of grass
or weeds. This will rot and seal the
top and prevent having to throw out
the same amount Of spoiled silage.
The silage should feel wet after 1t
Is cut in the silo. II the corn is very
mature when cut. and is therefore too
dry. add water. A small stream may
be run into the blower from barrel
or tank. It is especially important
that the silage be we'll tramped. The
blower should be run a few minutes
every morning in order to clear the
silo. ,a as,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
Keep
10 Ch is

now. in many instances, giving place
to other kinds of roads they still con-
stitute an important class Of roads and
their repair and maintenance involve
the fundamental principles for all
road work. The patrol system has
prevailed in the past largely on ma
cadam roads. In France, up to within
few years. 1t was universal and
the French roads were the best main
tanned roads in the world. An expert
ment in road-patrol work on earth
roads Is In progress under the direc-
ton Of the Office Of public roads at the
present time.
The repair and maintenance Of pub
lilo roads has suffered greatly from
poor administrative systems. Such
work is Of more routine character
than the work Of new construction.
and the failure. to recognize its Inn
portance has, in the past, led road
officials to subordinate 1t to the con-
struction work. It would seem that at
Just the point in road operations where
stimulus Of effective organization was
most needed, 1t was absent. The only
successful attempts at systematic re-
pair that are on record are those
which have been managed with skilled
and strong central control Almost
without exception. those states which
have undertaken state aid in any form
have found the necessity Of removing
the responsibility Of the care of such
roads from local authorities. The re-
suits Of this change have been an i'm
mediate Improvement.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
NOTES OF THE POULTRY YARD.

Don't stop the war on the lice. If
you have them down, keep them down.
They will not increase 50 fast in the
cold weather and that is the time to
exterminate them.
When you dig the potatoes save the
small ones for the hens. They are
very fond Of them when boiled and
mixed with little bran. A mess of
them fed once in a while makes va
liety for them and is a treat
Have the runts and defective fowls
been culled? They are only a bill Of
expense and the loss occasioned by
their keep Is usually charged to the
flock as a whole. which is unfair. This
should be charged to your own neg
lect. To keep up the vigor and utility
Of your flock the undesirables must be
disposed Of so there will be no danger
Of their eggs being set in the spring.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
DEMAND FOL. HIGH-CLASS
HORSES.

There is an insistent market demand
for high-class horses. especially for
draft horses. that cannot be supplied.
On the other hand. the country Is
flooded with common ordinary plug.
horses. They do not fill any particular
requirement or demand, hence the
very low and prodt-killing prices for
which they must sell. This insistent
demand for high-class draft horses
does not come from the market alone.
There also comes a demand from the
farm. for this is day Of heavy ma
chinery, demanding an increased
amount of motive power. Experience
has proven that the most satisfactory
and economical form Of motive power
on the average farm Is the heavy.
sound draft mare. Besides doing most
of the farm work she will raise a
valuable colt each year. If properly
handled. Thus she Is constantly pro-
ducing profit other than by means Of
the work she does. The gelding or
mule will not do this and in these
days Of high-priced lands, feeds. and
labor this proposition is worthy Of
careful consideration. ..'.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
GO AFTER THE cow.

Don't sit down in the meadow ava
wait for the cow to back up to 20
milked-go after the COW" The basis
for the whole dairy. industry - the
cow and If farmers are going to utilise
to the best advantage the great guam
titles Of roughage that annually arc
wasted on every farm they must 80
after the COW.
There is no way to convert the
corn. the hay. the clover, the straw.
the kaflr, the milo and the abundance
OF other green feed into marketable
form 80 quickly and so economically
as by feeding to the dairy COW. She
works day and night constantly, both
summer and winter. on week days and
Sundays. In food and drouth, to con-
vert the unmarketable waste Of the
farm into a finished and valuable pro-
duct of human food.
The first thing is to get the cows.
Profits are then assured, for the dry
farm country is especially adapted the
feed is there. the marketing facilities
are at hand in most sections and the
products are In growing demand
G.. L., Martin.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
Canning Tomatoes

Canning vegetables may be trouble
some work In summer, but the good u
does in winter is great enough to more
than Offset the trouble. II you have
not planned to do canning this sum-
mer let your mind run back to last
spring with its eruptions, sore throats.
|rheumatisms. and miscellaneous aches
and pains.
You and members OF your family
were mildly equity. rheumatic. or sour
We'd, WHICHEVER you chose to call Il.
OF the three names the last II the
most accurate. You thought you
needed some spring medicine. ana 20
you went to the drug store. got some
herbs. and then went home and breved
bitter, unpleasant tea. what was
ailing your family then was that you
last summer.
the grasshopper and put UP enough
canned stun to keep your family
healthy next winter. II you must buy
canned goods you will take economical
streaks from time to time and your
family viii suffer. II you can . few
bushels this summer. you will insist
that the members Of the family eat 40
much as they want and maybe little
more.
Tomatoes are especially good TO
keep people healthy In the late winter.
They are easily canned: they keep
we'll: they are cheap In summer, and.
next spring, that tartness 20 much
needed is there, just A. It was when
the canning was done.
Farmers bulletin SCI II on canning
tomatoes. 1t advocates classes on can.
ming IN the public schools. It outlines
a plan of instruction.
One instruction to the teacher 10 20
explain the meaning Of sterilization,
define bacteria. spores, germs, exhaust.
fluex, and other unfamiliar terms, and
to explain the pure food law % =
applies to canned goods. especially 70.
matoes.
This law IL that canned tomatoes
should contain no added water. The
tomatoes employed should b thor.
oughly ripe. should be well washsd
before peelins. should be peeled IN =
sanitary manner. etc.
The bulletin advises steam pressure
cookers, cooking at $50. because one
cooking 10 enough. When open boil
ers arc used the temperature In them
barely goes to I'll. ana more than one
cooking is required to kill ell the
bacteria and their spores.
Insistence IL put upon sanitation.
which means cleanliness. II the to.
matoes are canned, after the top -
put on. there 10 = final heating to drive
the gases out through 4 blow hole.
This hole il then soldered.
Two holes In 4 commercial can 81
bought tomatoes mean that, after seAl-
ing, some unkilled spores developed
into bacteria ana swelled the can. The
swollen can was again punctursd.
heated. and then soldered. Cans with
two solder points may Or may not %
high grade.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14

these is commonly called the bagworm
basketworm or dropworm. In the past
1t has been more or less troublesome
on evergreens. but in the last few
years 1t has become destructive to
many deciduous trees and shrubs. The
rapid increase and spread Of the pest to
orchards and to shade trees and orna-
mental shrubs in cities parks and
cemeteries have occasioned a great
deal Of loss in the past three or four
years.
The bagworm Is easy to control. at
least upon trees OF moderate size.
There are two methods Of destroying
the pest. by collecting all of the bags
and by spraying with poison. If the
bagworm Is restricted to only few
trees. one can easily collect all Of the
bags In the winter when the leaves
are of. This method is in common
use and is entirely effective. II care
fully done. 1t does not work SO well
on evergreens and. of course. Is out
of the question In very large orchards
or groves In such cases 1t Is necessary
to spray when the young caterpillars
begin to feed upon the foliage in the
spring. Early spraying should be
practiced as the pest is destroyed be-
fore the foliage Is consumed. The
first regular application of poison for
the codling moth, just after the bios
SONS fall In the spring. will also COM
troll the bagworm In orchards. One
careful application of poison before
the first of June will usually control
the pest either upon fruit. evergreen
or shade trees.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
ONE WAY TO KEEP BOYS ON THE
s-.,E. "., FARM.

Has the small boy Of the farm a
garden or acre of corn all his own to
do with as he desires. I recently Wis
tied well-to-do gardener all Of whose
boys were in business with him and
was interested to learn that he had
made 1t a practice to pay. his boys as
good a salary as they could get any
where to work for him. He began
when each boy was small and in
creased it as the boy could earn more.
Consequently the boys learned the
business and have become part Of it,
until now they would not think Of
leaving it. He has built a business
that he can turn over to theE with
little fear of its going to pieces tor
lack Of attention.-LeRoy Cady.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
GREEN MATURING.

| Green manuring. or the blowing
under of green crops, Is one of the
Oldest methods used to maintain or to
increase the productivity of the soil.
The effect Of green manuring varies
according to the original character Of
the soil. In general, sandy or gravelly
soils are made darker in color and be-
come more retentive of moisture.
tClayey soils are made more porous and
friable. SO that they are less likely
to puddle or bake. and are less subject
to washing. Loamy soils are less
noticeably affected than others.
The most important object Of green
manuring is the addition of humus to
the soil. Other things being equal. the
best green manure Is that which fur
nishes the largest amount of material
which will readily decay in the soil and
thus form humus. There are. how
ever, additional ways in which such a
crop may be beneficial
Deep rooted plants are decidedly
preferable to shallow rooted, because
they penetrate into the subsoil. In
this way air and water find entrance
especially after the roots decay. Thus
in a way every deep rooted plant is a
subsoiler. vt is also supposed that
such plants, especially when plowed
under, tend to enrich the surface soil
| with potash and phosphorus from the
subsoil, thus bringing these substances
within the reach Of shallow rooted
plants.
Leguminous plants are more valu-
able for green manuring than others,
because they not only provide humus
but also have the ability to use the
nitrogen of the air, which upon decay
ing they add to the SOIL For this rea
son green manure crops should always
be legumes if such are adapted to thu
particular locality where needed and
, can be sown at the time desired.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14

The various states and counties
within the past six months have taken
a greater interest in road improve
ment than ever before in the history
of the United States, and there is now
a strong movement to conserve the
roads of the country where they are
improved.
During the last two decades there
has been remarkable development of
road building which is intimately asso-
ciated with state aid and state control,
especially In the region north Of the
Ohio and east of the Mississippi rivers.
The evolution of present day condi-
tons in this section IL particularly i'm
portant In its bearing on highway
repair and maintenance. The rapidly
increasing automobile traffic on high
ways has greatly stimulated interest
in road Improvement and profoundly
modified methods Of construction and
maintenance.
At the beginning Of the year 1918.
ninety per cent or approximately
100000 miles, Of the roads in this
country were earth. The repair and
proper maintenance Of earth roads are
therefore of great Importance. TO
preserve a. properly built or repaired
earth road, it has been repeatedly
demonstrated that the best method Is
some system OF continuous mainte-
nance The operations involved in
maintenance are in one sense small
repairs The economy in small re-
pairs over extensive periodic repairs
Is largely due to the fact that defects
in a road develop at an increasing rate
II allowed to continue, and the cost of
restoring the road to the normal con-
dition 10 consequently made greater
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14

The need Of effectual repair and
maintenance Of highways has now pc
come well recognized. The resulting
demand for better methods and more
certain results il illsistent. The once
of public roads of tho department OF
Agriculture Is making strong enort
to focus the mind of the country on
! the fact that maintenance and enectlve
repair are Of equal Importance with
the actual Improvement of bad roads.
Investment Of money In new roads
does not become real economy until
provision is made for keeping these
new roads In condition after they are
built. II a new road was built and
then allowed to fall into disrepair,
much of the original investment 10
simply wasted.
Europe, generally speaking. Is ahead
of the United States in the matter OF
road Improvement: but Great Britain
is struggling with a problem similar
to the one that confronts the people
Of the United States. In England,
Scotland and Wales there are no fewer
than 2,14O separate authorities who
between them. administer 175.4S7
miles of roads, or an average of only
80 miles apiece. In Scotland. apart
from the big cities there are over 200
burghs. one-haH of which have 10
miles of road apiece to maintain.
Needless to say. such minute mileage
is insufficient to keep the road plant
fully occupied all the year around. and
renders the employment of a skilled
engineer Impossible for economical
reasons.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
Agriculture in Alaska

Would sou care to run truck farm
with strawberries selling at $1.25 70
S2.00 a quart. cucumbers 50 to IS a
dozen. celery so cents each. tomatoes
so cents to 81 a pound. and other
products at proportionate prices? Or
would you prefer general farming,
with a few pigs and chickens as a
sdeline, with hay selling at $50 to
800 a ton. hogs 80 cents pound,
young pigs rs cents pound. and eggs
So dozen?
These prices are received in Alaska
Under favorable market conditions. but
the prospective settler should consider
the, difficulties and expense OF farming
"a we'll as tho high prices Of his pro-
ducts -.
Alaska - not generally given much
consideration from an agricultural
standpoint. and vet. despite the rigor-
Gus climate. large variety Of grains.
small fruits. and vegetables are being
successfully grown. Experiments are
beine made with tree fruits. but the
results thus far have not been very
encourasinE. The work conducted by
the government with grains at the
Rempart Experiment Station has been
an unqualified SUCCESS. Varieties Of
nearly all grains have been found that
grow we'll --
A rcattle- breeding station at Kodiak
is working to develop the milking
Qualities OF Galloway cattle. as they
ere tire most hardy and best adapted
70 the climate. It Is believed that this
WIN he'accom olished. The object will
.he tn'furn'sh hardy. acclimated cattle
tn settlers In the country at price
rc, .'~rer than the cost OF taking
them from the United States The
ine ~ cattle. ~
~ There are several successful farmers
In the vicinity of Fairbanks. soma Of
whom are general farmers and others
are running market gardens. While
tNey' are meeting with some failures
& warts Of their crops by frosts and
ccla end wet summers. vet they are
learning hv experience to overcome
rr'-nv Of the discouragements Of the
climate
The climate shows wide variation,
from 90 degrees Fahrenheit at Ram
psrt. ong the Yukon River. in July.
with an average for the month Of 50
degrees to 50 degrees below zero at
Fort F-hert near the Klondike gold
falfls. l., January. with an average for
the month Of 40 degrees below zero.
coast towns are mild for that
&C." neither sitka nor Kodiak
'ins zero during one year. while
',""n only reached degrees below
in l'ruary. with daily mean for the
month Of 14.15.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14

Officials Of the Office of public roads,
when called upon for assistance by tho
various states, are pointing out that
road building is an art based on a
science. and that trained men and ex-
perienced men are necessary to secure
the best results from the expenditure
Of road funds.
Statisticians have found that al
though the average expenditure on the
Improvement Of roads exceeds one
million dollars q day, a large portion
of the money in the United States Is
wasted because of the failure to build
the right type Of road to meet the
local requirements or the failure to
provide for the continued maintenance
Of the improvement.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
EVERY WORKER HAS A GARDEN

The average German wage Garner
endeavors to have small plot of land,
either In the front or rear Of his cot
tage, on which he can raise potatoes.
The country houses or cottages Of
the working people are usually built of
red brick. each house containing two
or three small rooms besides the
kitchen. which. being the general liv-
ing room. is made much the largest
room in the house. In the basement.
or in a room at the end of each house,
one sees a COW or horse, or both, and
frequently pig or two, and fowls.
These conditions also apply to every
farmhouse. .s
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-10-14
Prize Berkshire pigs.

and slop in sufficient amounts 70 avoid
check on their growth when removed
from the dam. Mark the pigs OF each
litter by the ear notch system ana
discard the runts or separate them for
special care Provide dry sleeping
pens and ample runs. Sanitary quar-
tiers and bedding. with careful feeding,
can alone prevent serious losses from
the many diseases and parasites which
are common to swine.