davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1913-03-06
RussM ~ or rArHTH'

The petroleum industry in Russia H sH
far its chief centre the city OF Baku, OF,
the CASPIAN Sea In the production 81
naptha there 10000 persons t are en mpcS
made m of Russians T'artATs and FER
SLAMS. rs wholly dependent on this INDUSTRY
M ~ the most important wells operated
in the district. says Harper's WeekiS, cor
stitutes what Is known as the biack w!
Here encircled by bare hills. lie the naptna
beds. and rising from the blackened SUI
face are number Of grim towers that IN
dicate the position of the welh
The usual process OF extraction Is by a
windlass that works hollow sninnli
whereby the clammy mixture is drawn "
II is then conveyed TO. the rehneries. II
sink each well costs between 10000 an
geo zoo. according to the nature Of the sol.
and its depth. Fire. OF course. Is DIE
risk In the business
During the first six months OF last eai
the nusntity of naDtha produced La Bakd
amounted to 2l.soi.0W barrels against
~ Isl. 600 in 1911 This shows decrease OF
4 % per cent. altho the number OF wells e
operation was AUGMENTED ----.-
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1913-03-06
PRIMITIVE HINDU VILLAGE SCHOOLS

The old-fasnioned primary schools for
Hindu village boys and girls are known as
pal schools. aud are very primitive. The
schoolroofn 10 Usually either an old ahan-
deBed temple or any house or. verenda lent
TO the -ehooimaster by Some well-to-do
resident
The boys attend these schools from
their fifth year. and are taught reading.
writing, arithemetic and poetry, with the
proper information. They learn the alphabet
by writing with their fingers on fine sand
spread before them on the ground xn5s
The Wide World Magazine or they serih1bs
on states with chalk or on paipar paAknS
with water-colors. The leaf OF 'M -
palm is also made use OF. the boys writing
on 1t with styles. Teachers ana papils sii
mats.
When the alphabet has been --astered
they begin to read shor stories which
are rected in a slow. sing-song way that
soon jars on the Europeans nerves The
teacher usually gets his pay in the form
Of rice or vegetables. according to the oc-
cupation of the parents; very few pay In
money.
Annual presents are-also given to the
teacher during the harvest ceicbrations
which come soon after Christmas
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1913-03-06
ELEPHANTS AND THEIR SLEEP

Whether elephants ever Tie down Is
q question which nature students are In
doubt about. One authority, Gordon
Cumming, made known the fact that at
one time ne thought he had found evil
dence in marks on the ground and that
selves out at full length for faw
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01
ARAPAHOE.

Mrs. Frank Loster is on the
sick list this week.
| Agnes Schumm spent Sunday
with Anna Tuxhorn.
Kalle Bailey was a caller in
Cheyenne Wells, Tuesday.
O. B. Kessler and family are
sporting new Metz, Auto.
Lou Birn has been working for
w. M. Henderson. the past week.
Leona Loster spelt Saturday
and Sunday with Clara Tuxhorn.
Elva Minor spent Saturday
night with her parentf north of
town.
VIM. Heden and family, spent
Sunday in the J. H. Bidirger
home.
Mrs. J. S. Seeley spent Mon
day afternoon with Mrs. w. G.
Walker.
Geo. Mayfeld has begun work
on the new school building in
Arapahoe.
Louise Kessler arrived home
after spending a few months in
Colyer Kansas.
Mrs. J. C. Ford and Mrs. R. C
Lewis were callers at Cheyenne
Wells, Tuesday.
| Austin Counts and Carl Nc
Crumb were callers in Arapahoe
Monday evening"
Mr.. and Mrs. j. A. Jenkins
took Sunday dinner with Geo.
Walker and wife.
+ DR.. Dickson and wife are en-
tertaining their sister, Mrs.
French, this week.
Gertrude Walker has been
spending this week with Hattie
Galland, north Of town.
Karle Bailey has been helping
L. A. Ferguson fix his well.
which has been out of commits
sion for a few days.
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01
ALFALFA FOR POULTRY
YARDS.

Alfalfa is one of the best plants to
furnish green food for chickens, but
ordinarily it soon kills ouN if over
Jastured.
Alfalfa crowns that have been cut
,ff and plowed under and that have
aiken root again, are much harder to
iill out, as many have found by re-
)eatedly grubbing out the same stool
hat has taken root the second time.
such crowns seem to put out shoots
rom each piece of root that is left in
he ground, if the soil is in favorable
condition.
Those who desire to establish alfal-
in their poultry yards can succeed
this way, by blowing or spading
inder alfalfa crowns that have been.
reshly plowed out from some fl Id
lear by. Early in the spring is the
oest time, while the crowns are ST..
dormant. The crowns should be
covered four to six inches deep, and
he soil wet down and kept moist ar
ihe chickens kept off until the crowns
ave become established, which will .be
much sooner than by alfalfa seeding,
Ind will stand much hard " pasture.
PHILO X. BL[NN,
Colorado Experiment Station,
Rocky Ford, Colorado.
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01
AROYA.

Mr.. Brett Gray started for
Kansas City, last Sunday.
The two small children of MIS-.
Martensons, are quite sick at this
wri ne.
Harvest is nearly over and
most of the grain is leady for
the thrashers.
Mrs. Edna" Monick tf Hugo,
visited over Sunday with Miss
Gladys Recter.
Miss Bessie Connelley is now
employed on the ]. O. D. Ranch
as assistant cook.
Next Saturday, w. R. Dyel
will hold a demonstration of the
deep tilling mach ne.
Miss Rachel and brother, Guy
visited Saturday with their sis
ter Mrs. C. A. Hicks.
Messrs Fred and Jess Mason
shipped three cars of COWS and
calves to Kansas City this week.
Mrs. VIM. Rhinehart who has
for sometime been visiting in
Denver returnel home last FRI
day.
Mr.. Button takes car of in
plements and horses to Teal, N
Dak., this week for Mr.. E. B.
Wilson.
Mr.. Buckner of Wellsvil,e,
Kansas is now employed on tn.
J. O. D. Ranch. Mr.. Bucknel
being an experienced man in the
hog business, we think the j. O.
D. was lucky in their selection.
The dance last Saturday night
was decided success. w.
never thought the Aroya Boys
were bashful but have come te
that conclusion since seeing SO
many fair ladies without escorts.
Chandler Youtsey, Of Cole
Colo, was seen on our streets
Monday.
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01
PROSPECT HILL.

- Il
Rev. H. H. Cane and wife
spent the day "Wednesday at ,
Prospect Hill.
A new railroad bridge is being
put in south of Prospect Hill,
thus rendering travel more safe
on the railroad.
Claud Warren. north of Arap- :
ahoe. is in the incipient stage of
drilling getting his ma
chine gathered in from the neigh
bors.
Fragmentary reports are COM
ing in that some cattle are being
lost by getting into cane and
kafir corn fields. A word of eau
ton to people might be helpful.
Look up, for that is where the
rain comes from and you know
we need it, it comes in line with
our daily bread and is worth ask
ing for. Try it and await results.e
If you haven't heard Rev. H.
H. Cane, of Arapahoe, come and
hear him. He breaches next
Sunday morning and evening.
There will be communion servi-
ces in the morning, and prepari-
tory service on Saturday at 8
O'Clock. Come to that also, at
the chapel.
The writer and wife were for
tunate guests at Mr.. and Mrs.
Walkers, near Arapahoe, last
Sunday for dinner. This is a
good resting place after church,
or even before, Miss Lillian e1
tertained us with music. and Mr..
Walker being of Highland Scotch
descent, was with us in admira-
ton of Bobby Burns and Scotch
characteristics. They were for
.nerly from DeKalb county, Ills,
then Independence, Iowa. Mrs.
Walkers good dinner will be re-
membered as we'll as our other
wise enjoyable time there.
Rev. D. M. Scott exchanged
pulpits with a Hugo minister last
Sabbath. We did not hear the
new Bro. but we think this plan
:onmendable. Curiosity will in
duce new faces to appear in the
audience at each end of the road
and truth finds new grounds for
Judgement. Then the resident
preachers come back home with
new inspiration and new heart
tor any fate. Man is peculiar.
de wants to change, then like, a
child in trade, rues and would
trade back. thinking all the time
lis was the best, Bro. Scott is
Ill right and we believe the other
Bro. is, so let us all put our
shoulder to the wheel and help,
the gospel car along.
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01

Harry Bogert and E.l Marolf
took Robert HANCOCK to sheril n
Lake, Wednesday,
Eastern Colorado times., 1913-08-01

Chandler Youtsey, Of Cole
Colo, was seen on our street.
Monday.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
TRIAL OF MILITANT
LEADERS BEGINS.
Many Must Answer Charge
Under 'MaliciOus DAM
age Act"

London, June 9-The trial of the suff-
ragette leaders charged with conspiracy
under the malicious damages act" to
property began today at the criminal
court Old Bailey.
The accused included Miss Harriet
Kerr. Miss Agnes Lake. Miss Rachael
Barrett, Mrs. Beatrice Saunders, Miss
Annie Kenney, Miss Laura Lennox and
Edwy Clayton, the chemist alleged to
have acted as advisor to the suffra-
gettes in their campaigns.
General Mrs. Flora Drummond. who
was originally charged with the other
prisoners, did not appear, her case hav-
ing been postponed owing 10 her illness
Little interest was shown by the public
in the trial. There were a few women
spectators in court who similar to the
prisoners, wore "A black band on their
left arm, as a sign of mourDing for Miss
Emily Wilding DAWSON the militant
suffragette who died yesterday from in
juries received at the EPSON race
course.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
DENT WOULD amend
BANKRUPTCY ACT
Provides No Release for
Debts Created for Neces-
saries of Life

Washington. June 9.-(Special De-
claring that it will be greatly to the in
terest of small merchants and business
men and the laborjng man also Repre-
sentative Dent has introduced bill to
amend the bankruptcy act so it viii pro-
vide that discharge in bankruptcy will
rot constitute a release for a debt created
for the necessariss of life within six
months before bankruptcy proceedings
were begun.
Mr.. Dent has notified the Business Mems s
league of Montgomery, through their Sec
retary, Bruce Kennedy, that it will be
agreeable for President Wilson to receive
the committee which the league will send
to Washington invite him to visit the
state exposition next fall, on June IS.
So far the President has declined all in
vitations because lie has expressed the
determination to stay in Washington until
the legislation which he Is urging Is
passed. 1t may be possible however. that
he may see his way clear to visit Mont
gomery providing Congress has adjourned
at that time.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
Confederate Veterans
Present Indiana With
Bust Of Colonel Owen

indianapolis, June 9.-Veterans of the
armies of the Confederacy today hon
ored the memory of gallant Union
soldier when their representatives pre-
of Col. Richard Dale Owen. Colonel
owen was in command a Camp Morton,
near INDIANAPOLIS, in 1862. when the
men who have donated the bust were
numbered among the Confederate pris-
oners there. They carried away with
them appreciative recollections of the
courtesy and consideration which the
eommandant showed them. while they
were his involuntary guests
Indiana made place in her state
house for the bust and today Vice
President Thomas r. Marshall, former
governor of Indiana, accepted it on be-
half of his state. The presentation was
made by Gen. Bennett II. Young OF
Louisville, commander in chief of the
United Confederate Veterans, and S. A.
Cunningham, editor of the Confederate
Veterans, who was one of the prisoners
of Colonel Owen.
The cord releasing the draperies COW
ering the bust was pulled by Mrs. Nora
Owen Armstrong, granddaughter of
Colonel owen, now a daughter of the
SOUTH" her home being at Memphis,
Tenn 1t is believed to be tile firss
time in history that a Union soldier
has been so honored by Confederate
veterans.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10

This occasion convinces me more
and more said Vice President Mar
shall, that there was a divine plan
behind the founding of this republic
and. Notwithstanding adverse forces
from within and without the
Christian civilization of our nation has
been unfolding from year to year"
The gift shows, said the vice presi-
dent, that men may differ and yet be
honest and that after their honest diff
ferences had been settled they could
come together in unity with an in
tense feeling of patriotism for their
nation.
Governor Ralston presided at the
ceremonies. which We're held in the cor
ridor of tAe state house, where the bust
will remain In presenting Judge DAN
iel w. comstock, commander Indiana
Grand Army of the Republic, who in
troduced General Young. Governor
Ralston said:
They Geferring to General Young
and Judge Comstock) have served their
country well in different positions, but
l doubt if either was ever accorded a
more agreeable opportunity than this
to plead for broader patriotism"
General Young, after praising Colonel
Owens humanitariansm, said not one
word of criticism of the gift had been
heard in the south and that the south
ern people are pleased to honor a man
for what, so years ago, caused sharp
est criticism among his own people
and brought upon him condemnation
from his superiors"
On the speakert- stand were several
members of the owen family, including
Horace p. Owen, the only living son of
colonel Owen, of New Harmony, Ind
In the audience We're representatives
OF poth the Confederate Veterans and
the Grand Army of the Republic.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
TODAY'S AGE-HERALD

Estate power to fix railroad rates up-
held by supreme court.
Sherman law held constitutional.
Confederate veterans present Indiana.
bust.
Comparative table of tariff figures
Lobby investigation extended to out
side members.
2-Mine inspectors to meet today.
3-Wilson backed by country in spite of
lobbyists.
Editorial comment
5-Tubercular cows sold for food.
Teachers elected for coming schoo,
year
Alabama affected by Minnesota de-
cision.
Men discharged for forming union.
6-Society.
7-Sports.
s-Backwood not to oppose Burnett.
9-Glowing report of prosperity in Rjr.
mingham.
11-War between Balkan states expected.
49, Markets.
14-campaign for new members to be
made BY college.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
M'REYNOLDSA ASKS
DISSOLUTION OF
EASTMAN TRUST
Charged With Monopolizing
Trade in Photographic
Supplies in Violation
of Sherman Law

New York, June 9.-Dissolution of
the so-called Eastman Kodak Trust
company was asked in suit filed here
today by order of Attorney General
McReynolds
The federal government seeks the
dissolution bv receivership if necessary
of the Eastman Kodak company of New
Jersey. and the Eastman Kodak COM
pany of New York, which are charged
with monopolizing the trade in photo
graphic supplies in violation of the
Sherman law.
1t is the object of the government to
divide the assets and business of the
two companies controlling " per cent
of the business in the United States
into such parts as will effectually de-
stroy the alleged monopoly and restore
free competition
The petition in equity asks for an in
junction forbidding the fixing of the
price of cameras, films and other pat
ented Photographic supplies, This
marks the Attorney a. Hi9' ap
plication of the recent decision or the
limited States supreme court, denying
patentees the right to fix resale prices
of retailers
Following are those named as de-
PENDANTS:
Eastman Kodak company of New
Jersey Eastman Kodak company of
Nau YORK George Eastman, Henry A.
strong walter 5. Hubbell and Frank
s Noble of Rochester, N. Y.
The bill filed by United states At
torney OBrien is the result OF an ex-
tansive investigation of the trust by
Ian,es A Fowler assistant to the At
tornev General, and Clark McKercher.
snecial Assistant Attorney General.
Mr. McKercher Is in immediate
fContinued ON Page Niael
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10

Here are some of the men who will
be honored with diplomatic posts as
result of President Wilson's call at the
Senate building, where he conferred
with senators from 13 states about
names he was considering. The names
that are mentioned are the follow
ing: Justice James w. Gerard of
the New York state supreme court,
ambassador to Spain; William F. Nc
Combs, chairman of democratic ma
tional committee, ambassador to
France; Frederick G. Penfield of Ger
mantown, Pa, to Italy, and Joseph E.
Willard, formerly lieutenant governor
of Virginia, to Belgium.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
FUNERAL SERVICES
FOR MISS EMILY DAWSON

procession across London and a memo
rial service to be held at the head
quarters of the militant organization Is
being advertised.
The suffragettes have dispatched this
note to King George:
constitutional methods of approaching
our King have failed and Miss Emily
Wilding Dawson having given her life
to call attention TO the women's pas
sionate demands for the franchise. we
ask the King to give serious attention
TO this appeal of womanhood."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
SENATE COMMITTEE
LEAVES EXAMINE
STRIKE CONDITIONS
Will Begin Investigations in
Charleston, w. Va, Court
house TOday-Per-
sOnal View

Washington, June 9-Armed with the
plenary authority of the legislative
branch of the federal government to i'm
quire and report, the Senate subcommit-
tee appointed to probe conditions in the
West Virginia coal strike left Washing
ton for the strike district tonight
The committee will begin the examina-
ton of witnesses in Charleston court
house tomorrow. About 100 witnesses are
expected 10 be on hand to open the pro-
ceedings The alleged existence of peon-
age among the mine. workers in the
affected district will be the first sub
ject taken up by the investigators. with
Senator Borah in charge of that branch
of inquiry. Men who have gone through
the turbulent days of industrial welfare
in tlfe West Virginia mountains gathered
together by the representatives of the
United Mine WORKERS. Organization will
tell their experience in the mines.
Embarrassing Circumstances
The investigation will begin with the
committee confronted with several en-
barrassing circumstances. Among other
things. the investigators are anxious as
to the exact status OF the indictments
returned against officers and agents of
the United Mine Workers charging con-
spiracy, under the Sherman antitrust
law, with coal operators in other Coal
fields, to embarrass the West Virginia
operators by fomenting strife among the
West Virginia miners.
Owing to the question of granting i'm
munity to possible offenders by examin-
ing them as witnesses, the committee
will await the further proceedings nf
the department OF Justice before taking
up the conspiracy angle of the probe.
1t is probable that unless conditions
again become turbulent in the coal fields
the committee will make visits to the
Point Greek and Cabin Creek sections.
in order to secure a personal view OF
conditions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10

London. June 9.-Miss Emily Wilding
Dawson. the militant suffragette who
died from injuries received while inter-
fering with the running of the English
derby will be buried at her home Long
horsley. Northeunlberland on Saturday.
The body has been wrapped In a suffra-
gette pennant and a suffragette badge
has been placed on the coffin.
The Women's Social and Political
union is arranging an imposing funeral
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
HUGHES ANNOUNCES
COURTS DECISION IN
A LONG STATEMENT
Considers Attack Upon Rates in Two
Phases Unlawful Burden on Com
merce-Too Low Rates Con-
fiscate Property of the
Railroads
mREYNoLDs' STATEMENT

Washin gton, June 9.-Sum-
marizing the decision of the SUI
preme court of the United States
In the Minnesota state rate case,
Attorney General McReynolds
tonight said:
"The court holds that Con-
gress. in the Interstate commerce
act, has not deprived the states
of the right of fixing maximum
intrastate rates. They still have
that power. In contesting rate
fixed by the state on the ground
that the rate is confiscatory the
decision says that the burden of
proof of confiscation ,falls upon
the railraod. The court found
that the Minneapolis and st.
Louis railroad had established
that the rates affecting them
were confiscatory, but that
the Northern Pacific and Great
Northern had failed in such
proof"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10

in enforcing the white slave laws
The rathskeller as it is conducted in
many cities, was characterized by Mai.
c. G. kizer OF Norfolk, Va. as the first
step into the aggregated districts of vice
He declared such places should be subject
to stringent state and municipal laws
In the afternoon the more thar 200 chiefs
were received at the White House by
President Wilson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10

Washington, June 9-The power of
rates on Interstate railroads, until such
time ms Congress shall choose to reg
ulnte rates, was upheId today by the
supreme court of The United States in
the Minnesota freight and passenger
rate cnses.
AT the same time the court laid down
far-reaching principles governing the
valuation of railroad property for rate
making purposes and according to
these held that the state of Minnesota
would conflscate the property of the
Minneapolis and st. Louis Railroad
company by its maximum freight and
2-cent passenger fare law. 1t enjoined
the state from enforcing these laws,
as to this road, for the present. In the
cases of the Northern Pacific and Great
Northern, however, the court held that
these roads had failed to show that
the rates were unreasonable or con-
fiscatory. and consequently reversed
the United States district court for
Minnesota, which had enjoined their
enforcement as both confiscatory and
burden on interstate commerce.
The decision, regarded as one of the
most important ever announced by the
court. had been under consideration
for IA months Railroad commissions
from eight states and the governors
of all the states filed briefs in support
OF the states In the cases, recognizing
that the principles involved affected
them all.
Rate cases from Missouri, Arkansas,
Oregon, Kentucky and West Virginia
dari1aH tpHaV hr1t he int
announced in the Minnesota cases are
regarded as governing them generally
These cases probably will be disposed
of tomorrow, when the court will hold
another session. as it will also do on
Monday. June is. the final day of ad-
1ournment for the term.
Criticism of AppOrtionment
The criticism of the apportonment of
value between interstate and intrastate
business on a gross revenue basis. and
the apportionment of expenses by regard
ing intrastate freight business as two
and half times expensive as inter
state business was regarded here as fav-
orable to the state of Missouri in its
fight to uphold the validity of the maxi
mum freight and 2 cent passenger law
enacted by 1t. Similar confidence was
inspired in advocates of the Arkansas
state rate regulations, but all recognized
case of alleged confiscation must rest on
its own bottom, might mean the setting
aside of the Missouri and Arkansas
laws. The states of Oregon and Kentucky
We're regarded as almost certain to win
their rate cases involving the validity of
state freight rates. because in each in
stance. practically the only objection to
the laws was their reputed interference
with interstate commerce. For like rea-
son. many believed that the West Vir-
ginia cent passenger law would be up
held.
Decision Announced
The decision was announced by Justice
Hughes, and consisted of some $1,000
words. The court was unanimous, with
the possible exception of Justice Me-
Kenna, who merely ''concurred in the re-
suits"
Justice Hughes considered the attack
upon the state rates in two phases, the
one that they placed an unlawful burden
on interstate commerce, and the other,
that they were so low as to confiscate
the property of the railroads
In considering the interstate commerce
CONTINUED ON Page Eight
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-06-10
GENERAL
BRICKELL GIVES OUT
SHORT STATEMENT
Increases Efficiency of State Rail-
road Commissions, He Says-Ala-
bama's Case Against l.. & n.
Believed Strengthed by
the Decision
BRICKELL.s STATEMENT

"This decision necessarily in
creases the efficiency of the
state railroad commissions, and
if the decision is as indicated,
it will forever set at rest the
right of the state to control in
trastate business" Robert c.
Briekell. attorney general.