davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
ARE THE RAILWAYS
 TREATED FAIRLY 2
Ry WILLIAM 2. RnPaEY. Professor of Economies, Harvard Uni-
 versity.1

I49J FN1A1AAkAAIH ZI. HllE7AAHA4s Professor of Economies, Harvard Uni-
 versity.)
 The most striking feature of the railroad problem in 1913 is the con tract with conditions ten years ear Her. Instead of unexampled prosper ity, a period of great financial depres- sion in transportation business has supervened. In place of practical domination in the economic life of the country, the carriers now seem to be more or less at the mercy of circum- stances. Organized labor under threat of general strikes has forced substan- tiaI concessions both in wages and conditions. The carriers have ac- quiesced nanfuIly in the mandate Of the people that they shall be subject to public control. But they find them selves now, by the pressure of tncreas- ing costs of operation and of ever greater demands from the public for more and better service, practically compelled to throw themselves upon the mercy of the Interstate Commerce Commission for relief This relief is demanded, not alone in the interest of investors, but in order that much needed Improvements and extensions commensurate with the development of the country may be made It IS a seIf-eyident proposition that unless the railroads are prosperous and pro-
 
 rights. a healthy growth of transpor- tation facilities cannot be had. Ade- ql1ate service and the convenience of the public require that the present plight Of the railways should receive fine most earnest consideration.
 RaiIway net income which cuIminat- ed in 1910, has now declined from that level by about one-eighth, despite a considerable increase in gross earn ings The latest evidence shows al haltfng and uncertain movement This of affairs makes 1t practice ally impossible for the carriers to raise funds by the sale, even of bonds, except at high rates of interest Fur ther continuation of hand-to-mouth financing by issuance of short-term notes is fraught with danger. A men ace to continued prosperity also is the successful pressure of the railroad brotferhoods for substantial increases in wages.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
EQUALITY CLUB
 EXPELS TWELVE
Mrs. McDermott, President and Other Officers Including
 Mrs. Troup Banned

New Haven. May 6-Charging that they had formed a coterie within the club and had themselves incorporated for their own selfish motives.'' and without the authorization of the club itself, the New Haven Political Equal ity Club last night expelled twelve of it's members, including the president of the club, Mrs Terrence s. MoDer- mott, and one of the honorary vice presidents Mrs. Augusta Troup. one of the first women in the suffrage movement in this city. and one who has devoted many years of her life to. the cause of equal rights for women in every legitimate direction.
 The action was taken after a warm discussion of the whole affair had fol- lowed the introduction of scathing resolutions which were presented by Mrs. Sarah Dev1in, and read by the secretary, Miss Olive Enrich and after Mrs. McDermott, as president of the club, had Ignored for the time being the resolutions when they had been read Mrs. AfcDermott was asked to step down from the chair which she finally did and with Mrs A. M Fried man. first vice president in the chair, the resolutions were carried by g. vote Of S5 to 5.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
EDITORIAL NOTES

The first flight of Samuel Pierpont LsngIeys Steam-driven aeroplane model was made over the Potomac seyeteen years ago today. Prof. Lang ley was a scientist of international re- pute, and spent years in studying the problems Of heavier than-air naviga- ton. His little "aerodrome'' flew only a short distance, and then collapsed, and the world broke out into incredu- Ious laughter while poor Langley, neart-oroken, was ridieu1ed into a premature grave: Today the aviators of the world, realizing that it was Langley who first solved the great est problems connected with heavier than-afr flight, will celebrate Lang ley Day The work of the pioneer ex- pertmenter. who was long the eecre- tary of Smithsonian Institution. will be eulogfzed and discussed. Seven years after Langley's experiment Or vile Wright, in a motor driven bI- plane based to some extent on Lang leyss ideas; flew S52 feNt-the first sue cessful flight of man in heavier than-air machine Thus did the dream Of Langley, 'tthe crazy fanatic,' come tTa1e-
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

Trenton. N. J., May 6-On the eve of the meeting of the legislature in special session for the purpose of pass tng or defeating the Jury reform bill favored by President Wilson the att tack made by Assemblyman Walter L. McDer1nott Of Hudson county upon the president was stil1 talked about. Me Dermott heckIed the president when the latter spoke in Jersey City for the reform measure and practically defied him. The twelve members of the as- senably delegation from Hudson coun- ty decided that they would stand by a jury reform bill offered by McDer- mott. It provides for a referendum on twon propositions, one to have the list of grand and petit jurors selected by the sheriff, subject to the correc- ton of the presiding supreme court Justice, and the second to have the list prepared by two jury commission CTS named by the supreme court jus tice. The argument of McDernott and his adherents was that whichever scheme of these two was adopted would be an improvement over the one now obtaining and that an opportunity would be given the people of the State to decide whether or not they wanted the sheriff to retain his present pow CTS or whether they desired the judges to have more power. }
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
Established 1857
at the Corset Section.

ence.
 A fact not generally known is that the average term of service of AmeTi= can teachers in the Philippines ia nearly six years. almost year longer than the average service-of teachers in this country.
 Those sailing from here Saturday go to the Philippines under 8, two year contract This provision is made to enable the Government to ascertain whether or not the teacher will sue ceed in the new field and also to give the teacher a. chance to find out whether or not there is a sufficient future to the service to warrant him in remaining. That there are only s5 vacancies this year out of nearly seven hundredd positions for Ap1ertcan teach CTS in the service. indicates, as sew eral of the teachers who sailed Satl1r- day, say, that those already on the ground have the greatest faith in the future of the educational work in the Islands.
 These new teachers say that their salary as we'll as all the expenses Of the trip, Is paid from Philippine reve- nues, that the Federal Governm ent pays no part of the cost of education in the Philippines, notwithstanding the fact that nearly three and 8 ha1f-mil- lion dollars are spent each year on the schools of the Islands.
 When these teachers SalllnS on the Mongolia Saturday get ready to return to the United tSates, either on leave of absence or by resignation at the end of two or three years of service, the Philippine Government will pay them, in addition to salary up to the last day of service an amount of money sufficient to pay their trans portation home, either via Europe or the Pacific, and they all say they ex- pect to take advantage of the oppor- tunity to come home through Europe.
 The trip to the Philippines from here will take about a month as the Mongolia is one of the best passenger steamers on the Pacific and stops en route at Honolulu Yokohama, Kobe Nagaski, Shanghai and Hong Kong, remaining from one to three days in each port, thus enabling the passen- gers to see something of the Orient be- fore reaching Manila,
 The departure of a large passenger steamer from this port for Manila is aIwaYe an seEentsto those, interested, in
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
EIGHTY-FlVE AMERICAN
 TEACHERS FOR PHILIPPINES

San Francisco, May 6-There sailed from this port for Manila Saturday on the steamer Mongolia eighty-five American men and women teachers. This number was selected from large eligible list certified by the United States Civil Service Commission as having passed the required examina- ton for the Philippine teaching ser vice,
 They came from nearly every State in the Union representing some of the best universities, colleges and. normal schools in this country, Most of them are college graduates, some have done graduate work in the universities and others have pursued technical courses preparing them to take charge of agri- cultural work, manual training and tra.da aqhoe1 work and AaGneatio @oi~,
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
TEDDYS OLYMPIC ON
 THE VlGOR OF LIFE

Lawsanne. Switzerland, May 6-An article by Theodore Roosevelt on "The vteor of Life" Is to be read here on Thursday at the Olympic Congress which will be attended by 400 interna- tional sportsmen. E. J. WandeIl, mem Der of the Olympic committee. Alison V, Armour of the New York Yacht Club and Duke and Duchess Of Som erset are among those who have ar rived and the hotels are rapidly fill- ing I'D with delegates representing six countries, among whom are many American eportsuen
 Col. Roosevelt wrote regretting that 1t was impossible for him to attend and stating that overwork had pre- vented him writing a special Olympic aIsffrJa
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

Rear Admiral Robert E Peary, who has lately been touring Europe, ad- dressing scientific bodies, celebrates his hfty-seventh birthday today The famous explorer who discovered the north pole recently declared that he Is through with Arctic quests, and that he has eaten his last bIubber and shoe leather and slept in his last igloo. The Admiral doesn't look old nor feel old, but. for all that, fifty-seven is an age when the comforts of civilization have 3 greater appeal than the privations Of the frozen polar regions. MT. Peary is the head of the American branch of the Scott Memorial fund, to commem- crate the heroism of Col. Sott and his associates.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
GAS AND POLITICS

Eighty cent gas is high priced gas today United States Gas can be manufactured and nd sold at substan cents per thousand cubic feet Lynn, Massachusetts, which is city about the size of Bridgeport has 75 cent gas It is at least good product the people of Bridgeport get for s1. The Lynn company gets profit on it's investment and the people get the advantage of the lower rates, There is city In Massachusetts, all comparable with Bridgeport in pays 6b 4eERas Aeathar Hartford nar pays alfor gas.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
PRISON FOR EMBEzzLER

Columbus, O., May s-George J: Mag lay. former secretary and treasurer of the Teutona Building & Loan associa- ton of this city, pleaded guilty to fal- sifying accounts and e1nbezzlement of sums aggregating $27,bo0 and was sem fenced to three years in the peniten- tiary.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

he Pr1ee in New Haven is 95 cents The price in Hart lord IS 9o cents There ought to be drop gas Bridge port and that soon The surplus profit may be lent to the gas monopoly and it may assist them in keep place holders of assorted kinds But every dollar that gas spends in politics it takes 5 from the ctzens of
 Bridgeport The rake off from water electricity and tro ley is left unconsidered. ~
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06
COURT REFUSES LIBEL
 WARRANT AGAINST MAYOR

New York, May GA decision has been handed down by Magistrate Ker- nochan. denying the application made by counsel for Ralph Pulitzer for a warrant for the arrest of Mayor Gay nor on a, charge of criminal libel. The afleged libel was committed by the mayor in a. speech in Brooklyn on Feb. 14, last.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

Today marks the third anniversary or the death Of King Edward and the accession of King George. In accord ance with custom, there will be me- mor1al services for the late monarch after which flags will be hoisted on the various government buildings, joy beIls will ring out from the church steepIes ana salute will be fired in St. James Park. in honor of King George
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

The Marquis of Harrington, eldest son and heir of the Duke of Devon shire, England's wealthiest duke, is IS years old today. He will inherit not only the title, but a large slice of London, four castles and 150,0oo acres of land. He is Q. handsome youngSter, an enthusiastic spor rtsnan, and in a few years will be the greatest natri- monial "catch'' of England.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

engaged in the purchase and sale of devoted exclusively to the hobby. At one time there was even a. daily pa Der, published in St.. Louis, for phila- teIists
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06


 service that gird1es the globe, are now so necessary to the transaction of business, affairs of the heart, and the return of manuscripts to WouId-be au- thors, that a world without them seems tnconcetyabIe. Yet there are people now living who can recall the time when postage stamps were not, for today is the 73d birthday of the postage stamp. The 'tnew penny-post dey1ces,'' which were described as sbits of eticking-p1aster for dabbing on to 1etters," were placed on sale in Eng land on the sixth of May. 1840. James Chalmers. a Dundee man. was the in ventor of the postage stamp, and he suggested their use as early as 1884. Sir Rowland Hf11, the father of the modern postage system, included the Use of stamps among his suggestions for the reorganization of the English po6tofhce, and ts thus usually credited with being the inventor of the labels
 In the United States the use of ad- hestve postage stamps was first au- thnrized by Congress in 1847s but it was not until 1858 that prepayment by stamps was made compulsory. Prior to 1847, however, a number Of post masters had printed local stamps. In Canada the use or stamps was intro duced in 1851
 Philately, the name by which stamp collectors dignity their hobby, did not have it's origin until many years after the introduction of postage stamps, and by the time that stamp-co1lectin was taken Up by nen Of means many of the early issues had become rare, and correspondinsly coveted and val uable. Most enthudastic of all the phflateIists of today is King George, whose collection is among the finest jesty paid a poor English woman, the sum of &. 900 for a single stamp, thu rare one-penny Mauritius stamp of 1e47. liar brother, a sailor, had mailed g. lettar from MaurtEius in 1s47, and the little orangs-co1ored 1afael 1t bore was destined to sladden the heart of a monarch and to provide for the de- oltntpG years of an aged woman Nine copies of this Maur1tiua stamp are known to be in existence. and 1t is un- likely that a million dollars, or many millions, could buy all of them,
 O& the early issues of United States and Canadian stamps, many are worth small fortunes. Two thousand do1lars- was recently paid for a twelve pence Canadian stamp of the issue of 1851, A similar sum could doubtless be procured for the Bratfleboro, Vt, local stamp issued in 1s4e. Some of the early Hawaiian stamps are worth up to 99,0o0 each. Many of the early British Colonial issues besides the MauFitius are much sought after by philatellstsS especially some Of the early issues Of British Guiana and Nova Scotia,
 Phifately. or stamp p-ee11eeting is no mere boyish pastime as the average person may imagine, but commands the attention of thousands of prom inent men and yemen in all walks of life although feminine phIIa teIists are not nun ere5ls- Minor differences of watermark, impFints, perforations, etc. enter in the consideration of the phil .ataIigt. N1naeEaua hig oemnaaies gre
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

Colonel Oscar W. Underwood, win celebrate his 'fifty-first birthday to- day. The chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee is a Col onel, by reason of having been born in Louisville, Ky. He was educated at the University of Virginia, began the practice Of law at Birmingham. Ala, in 1884, and was sent to Congress in 1896 Mir. Underwood was the South s candidate for the Democratic nomina- ton for president last year, and is a mighty popular man in Dixie where they know him best As the tariff king of Democratic administration he occupies a. position almost as impor- tant and involving quite as much hard work as the presidency. In 1aboring with the tariff measure Mr Under nervous preetration, giving his per sonal consideration to every, phase of the bill.
 Mr. Underwood made his first race for Congress on the platform Of a, tar if for revenue only, and won out des- pite the fact that Birmingham is an industrial center, with vast steel trust industries Since then he has become the real boss of the Democrats of the House, and his word is now law and his law very near final. He is five feet ten, bIue-eyed and fair, dresses like a prosperous business man, and is quiet and unobtrusive of .demeanor. His personal characteriStlcs are such that he has often been called the Southern. Mckinley" not because of any political kinship, but because of his faculty for making friends and in spring affection, and his abiAty to harmonfze warning clements, adjust diff faculties and remove obstacles.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-05-06

Crown Prince Frederick William of Germany, heir of the War Lord, pass ee his thirty first milestone today. Ac- cording to the Berlin newspapers, a great change has come over the fu- ture Emperor since his last birthday, and he is now sober and serious in de- meanor. His detention in the bar racks at Danzig. by order Of his sin1- periaI father, apparent1y has had a sal utary effect, for the Crown Prince now spends much time with his regi- ment, and the gay and profHgate com panions of former years know him no more. He has even manifested some respect for the opinions of his father
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-07-26
Z ANGLII.

Londyn, 26 lipca. - Stan zdro-
via sufrazystki Pankhurstowej
jest krytyczny: lekarze zarzadzili
przelanie krwi, poniewaz niedo.
krewnosc jest giowna choroba jej,
spowodowana giod6wkami; wczo
raj znowu kilka sufrazystek ska
zano na kilkotygodniowe areszty
- Ex-krolowi portugalskiemu,
tn bawiacemu, z okazyi jego mad;
chodzacych zaSlubin nadesiali po,
lityczni wiezniowie, monarchiSci
pierscien slubny zrobiony tajnie
z olowiu, ktory kazdy pred po-
slaniem ucalowal, przysiegajsc
wiernoSc Enanuelowi: dar ten
wzruszyi serdecznie Emanuela.
2 BELGII.
Bruxella, 26 lipca.- Zaczal sic
tn pierwszy miedzynarodowy
kongres organizacyi, chroniacycf
dzieci: reprezentowanych jest
35 narodowosci.
z PERU.
Lima, &c lipca. = Cabinet mi.
nisteryalny premiera Souzy ere
zygnowal po kilkotygodniowen
zaledwie -urzedowaniu.
z NIEMIEC.
Berlin, 26 lipca. = Process tai
ny w sprawie oskarzen posla so
cyalistycznego Liebknechta to
re fabryki broni niemieckie wy.
zyskuja wystepnie zbrojenia ME
mieckie i podsycaja je dla via.
snego zysku, zapomoca calej or
ganizacyi szpiegow i agentow
ziozonych rzadowych urzedni-
kow = process ten toczy sic wciaa
jeszcze: '-miu urzsdnikow mini
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-07-26
sterYum wejny sresztowano, sam

sterYum wejny aresztowano, sam
Liebknecht jest swiadkiern,
We -Frankfurcie mad Me
nen zabili sic dwaj awiatorzy
Schaefer Stengel, spadiszy z ma
szyna swa re znacznej wysoko-
koSci.
- Wiesci, wczoraj roztelegra'
fowane 0 odnalezieniu podbiegu-
nowego podroznika niemieckiegc
Schroedera-Stranza, okazaly sic
niestety pfzedwczesne, dzisiaj i'm
zaprzeczono, ME podajac zadnych
szczegolow.
- Pomiedzy pewnym genera
lem e pulkownikiem armii pru'
skiej odbyl sic fatalny pojedynek
wskutek tego, IL puskownik o.
stro krytykowal generaia "a to-
re tenze pozwolii swej corce tan
czyc publicznie z oficerem pew,
nym taniec zwany turkey trot"
pojedynek wypadl Smiertelnie
pulkownik bowiem zmarl wsku'
TEX rany.
- Pomiedzy niemieckiemi kom'
paniami okretoweni Hamburg,
Amerika'' ,,Niem.-Poln. Lloy-
dem" przyszlo do nieporozumien
tax powaznych, re kombinacya
tyoh kompanii, polegajaca ma u
trzymaniu jednakowych cen mo-
re bye zerwana.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-07-26

Pekin, 20 lipca, - Rad Sic
wojska ma po}udnie i ME niepokoi
sic zbytnio rewolucya, parliament
zalatwia sprawy mniej wazne, a
partya, spzryjajaca rewolucyi
samorzsdowi prowincyi, przyci-
CHA wobec ostatnich kiosk rewo-
lucyonistow.
Kanton, 26 lipca.- Tymczasem
W ognisku rewolucyi akcya ME
siabnie: oto z poludniowych
prowincyi, liczacych okolo $50
milionow ludnoSci, polaczyio sic
6sma prowincya Kwang-Si row.
niez ma sic rewolucya zlaczyc;
wszystkie one sprzeciwiaja sic
metodzie rzadow Yuan-Szi-Kaja
zrmia sic organizuje do walk 2
polnocnymi j sprowadza broa;
Itymczasowy Rad ogaasza ustano-
wienie prawdziwej ludowej repu-
bliki, a ME dyktatury despotycz-
nej, jaka rzadzi prezydent Yuan
Szi-Kaj. -. -. I IS
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1913-07-26
TslegIamy KEajoWe'
KoNIEC NAPIWKOW.

St. Louis, Mo-, 26 lipca. - Me
tax dawno temu w ,Stanie Missou-
ri legislature stanowa przeprowa-
.dziia prawo, ma mocy ktorego ME
wolno w wyszynkach wystawiac
.bezpiatnych przekasek a wczoraj
.rada miejska miasta St. Louis
skierowaiaN jeszcze jedna uchwale
.przeciw szynkarzom. Uchwala
przeszia w radzie miejskiej "a
braniajaca dawania przyjmowa-
MIA wszelkich napiwkow.. Pre-
kroczenie tel ustawy przewiduje
kare W sumie cd $40 do $50 "a ka-
zde przestepstwo.
Kelnerzy we wszystkich re-
stauracyach, nalezacy do uni, po-
pierali te uchwale. Me chcieli bye
zebrakami zadaja lepszej zapla-
.ty cd swych pracodawcow.
Czlowiek, ktory doniesie poll
cyl przyjeciu lub ofiarowaniu
nagrody takiej otrzymuie polowe
kary, jaka winny zapiaci.
JAPONCZYcY MAJA SPO-
SOB WYJscIA.
Sacramento, Cal, 26 lipca. -
Japonczycy, dotknieci nova u
stawa gruntowa przeprowadzona
przez Legislature stanoMa podob-