davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

of the fundamental principles of for
estry is that the trees in a stand must
be sufficiently close together to be
mutually helpful; that is, that their
crowns must form a continuous cover
to shade the ground and the tree
trunks, in order that side branches
may be self-pruned and the trees be
forced into straight upward growth.
Where there are open spaces they
should be planted. and where it Is de-
sirable to cut a portion Of a woodlot
clean much time can be saved by
planting instead of waiting for natural
reproduction. On many farms the
tract now occupied by the woodlot
would be more valuable for crops,
while on the same farm there may be
an irregular plat Of land or piece OF
worn-out or rocky land upon which 1t
would be wise to plant trees. Plant
ing is also valuable to check erosion,
or soil washing.
The lands which offer opportunities
for planting may be classified into CD
cut-over burned lands, not fitted for
agriculture, which are not restocking
naturally with commercially valuable
species; CD forest lands originally
cleared for agriculture which have
since proven unsuitable for this pur-
pose; and 60 farm woodlots. The
abandoned farms Of southern New
England are striking examples of the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
SUPPRESSION OF DUST ON COUNTRY ROADS.
By Il. w. PAGE.

mobile. When in it's highest state Of
perfection, the rock from which such
a road is made is so suited to the
volume and character of traffic which
passes over it that only an amount Of
dust is worn off sufficient to replace
that removed by wind and rain. The
dust remaining should be just enough
to bond the surface stones of the
road thoroughly, forming smooth.
impervious shell. A road Of this char
acter wears uniformly under the traffic
for which it was designed, and always
presents an even surface.
When such a road is subjected to
automobile traffic, entirely new con-
ditions are brought about. The pow
erful tractive force exerted by the
driving wheels of automobiles soon
disintegrates the road surface. The
fine dust, which ordinarily acts as a
cementing agent, is thrown into the
air and carried off by wind or is easily
washed off by rains. The pneumatic
rubber tires wear off little or no dust
to replace that removed by natural
agencies. The result is that the stones
composing the road become loose and
rounded, giving the greatest resist
ance>to traction, and water is allowed
to make its way freely to the founda-
ton of the road.
Many remedies have been suggested
| and tried for meeting this new condi-
| ton, but a perfectly satisfactory solu-
ton of the problem is still to be found
Some success has attended the efforts
of those who have sought to find a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

An Ear-to-row Test Plat with corn
husked, showing method used In
ascertaining which seed ears have
yielded best. (The weight of seed from
each row is added to the weight of the
rest of the ears to determine the total
production for each row, i. e., each
seed ear planted.)
tests, but the number of small and
poor ears and feeble stalks. largely
the result Of crowding, was much re-
duced by the spacing method, which
affords each stalk space to develop a
strong root system. This demon
strates that millions Of bushels can
without extra labor be added to our
crop by a modification Of corn planters
so that they will place the several
kernels of a hill or more inches
apart in each hill.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

ports-anything and everything that
ought to go under cover during winter
and store in place where rain and
snow cannot get in. 1t is good plan
to give everything used in the garden
coat of paint at this time.
1t not only preserves it, but 1t puts
it in good trim for next seasons use.
And much of the charm Of a garden
consists in having everything used in
it look we'll. Weather beaten or I'M
painted racks and trellises detract
much from the general appearance of
things. &a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
SAVING SEED.

"No occupation" says Burbank, "re-
| quires more accuracy, foresight and
skill than does scientific plant or
animal breeding" This specialist has
I found out that 1t requires more than
one generation of plant life to estab-
lish cross that is permanent; that
the union Of two distinct types may
prove a cross that Is valuable or this
reverse.
In our own seed saving the utmost
care is necessary to bring the result
up to the standard. We have all seen
two pieces of grain sown side by side.
with seemingly similar conditions.
The one was treated with extra seed,
thoroughly cleaned to remove all
weeds. The other had only fair seed.
sown as 1t was gathered from the field.
Perhaps it had been tested and proof
given that it would grow" And this
was deemed sufficient. But the har-
vest was on the side of the good seed.
If you have an extra good crop Of
corn, the best ears. carefully selected.
both as to the number of ears on
stalk and the size and shape Of each
ear, will bring much more next spring
when sold by the bushel
| They must be carefully dried. If
put in the bin with the bulk Of tn,
corn they may grow" but the vitality
will be impaired, and they will not
bring the price that can be com.
manded If properly cared for.
It is the last end that is often the
losing one. After thing Is raised it
pays to care for 1t in the best possible
manner and get the greatest profit.
| Some think that pumpkin seed are
pumpkin seed, no matter what pump
kin they came from. It Is a safe rule
that like begets like.
| If you want to perpetuate your stock
and have something that is really
worth saving always select the best
and the earliest for saving seed.
| Select the smoothest tomatoes and
scrape the seed into can Of cold
water. Put it in some out-of-the-way
place and let remain several days or
until the seeds have sunk to the bot
tom of the dish. Pour off the water
and dry the seeds.
They will be found covered with
dark fuzz and when dry may be kept
| in paper packets. as supplied by the
scotsman. This is much preferable to
the old fashion of keeping them on
cloth.
Cabbage beets. parsnips and other
biennials are best purchased direct
| from the scotsman. If your time is
worth anything it is more profitable
to buy than to raise these
If you have any left-overs in the
seed box, be sure to date each packet
as saved, then there will be no chance
Of wondering which is best. -
If among several tested varieties one
| is decidedly the best, save seeds from
this only The amateur will do well
not to try to raise several varieties OF
any vegetable as they are sure to mix
and deteriorate in quality.
If, your seed is not up to the
standard do not save it but buy next
| season Of some reliable dealer. 1t s
money ahead in the end.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01


second class, as are also the lands in
the southern Appalachians, once
cleared for farming but now ruined by
erosion.
The area of plantations already
made in the eastern region is nearly
$4,000 acres, and $4,000 acres Of this
are about equally divided between the
northern tier of States and the central
hardwood region.
Forest planting requires a consider
able initial investment, and the cost is
relatively higher than~that required to
start any other form Of forest work.
Therefore protection of the investment
is of the utmost importe nee, and fire
Is the source Of loss most to be guarded
against. Other things that must be
taken into consideration are cheap
land, a good market, a minimum initial
cost, and low rate Of taxation.
In the Lake States, which have a
southern hardwood forest and a north
ern coniferous forest, forest planting
is rapidly increasing. The principal
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
IMPROVING THE FARM HOME.

That farm homes are often unsani-
tary, and the scene of illnesses such as
should be impossible in "the free, in
MIGRATING air of the country is
attributable, in probably the majority
of instances, to the use Of defective
methods in the disposal Of the waste
and sewage of the house. The noisome
cess-pool and the undrained privy-
cold, malodorous and soil polluting-
make such large additions to the rate
of mortality as to rob the country IN
measure, of its natural superiority
over the town in the statistics OF
health.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
BY p. @. HARTLEY.

calities. Extensive corn growers can,
during occasional years, purchase I'M
proved seed for multiplying plats and
in this way avail themselves of the &C
complishments of skilled breeders
without the necessity of purchasing
each year their entire supply Of seed.
In localities in which no one is as
yet giving the necessary attention to
breeding high-yielding strains 1t Will
be advisable for the farmers to main
tain seed plats which may be isolated
or occupy portion of the general
field.
Corn-growing contests which base
the competition upon the profits de-
rived from the crop grown are in
creasing in interest and embrace the
fundamental principles for which corn
is grown. Exhibits of a few select
ears demonstrate the ability of the in
dividual in picking out perhaps from
a comparatively worthless corn a few
appearance. A correct record of the
profits derived from a certain acreage
of corn is the best proof of the excell-
ence Of the strain Of corn and of the
growers ability along all lines Of pro-
ducing in a profitable way higher
yields to the acre. Sc
Neglect of good preservation of seed
corn has brought failure to many who
expected great yields from pedigreed
seed. 1t should also be remembered
that the better the growing conditions
the better opportunity heredity has to
display it's superiority Our best i'm
proved strains of corn, like our best
breeds of animals, have become adap-
ted to favorable conditions, and these
must be supplied if we are to profit by
their improvement.
We are using methods that are so
superior to those of few decades ago
that we have almost ceased to Search
for better. Present methods, however,
are capable of great Improvement. For
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

The most important problem which
has confronted highway engineers in
recent years is the getting rid Of the
dust on roads. Not until the introduce
ton of motor vehicles, however, did
this become a factor of sufficient i'm
portance to engage the serious con-
sideration of road builders and road
users. Fast motor traffic has reached
such proportions at the present time
as to shorten the life of our most
carefully constructed and expensive
macadam roads to a great extent, and
to keep them in loose and uneven
condition. $780,. s-.
The macadam road has been devel-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
LARGE FARMS.

Big men require big farms to make
money. They must have room in
which to exercise their activities of
mind. .s. ..E
This Is not saying that every man
who happens to own large farm is
successful or that every man who hap
pens to own a small farm is unsuccess-
full because Of his personal shortcom.
ings as q farmer.
There are many big-minded farmers
on the small, farms of the east who
have spent most Of their lifetime in
eaking out very moderate living
without being able to properly educate
their children or provide against the
future day when they can no longer
work. .. ..-...
These men have failed because they
did not have land enough upon which
TO extend their mental and physical
energy. u-
Many men in the west have ratified
around half their lifetime on large
areas without making money because
they were too small for the land they
own-they are insists.
There Is a great deal of talk about
cutting UP the large farms Of the
west into small areas, and it Is true
that the tendency is toward small
farms, but no man can succeed at
grain or stock farming on a limited
area, and the wheat and beef, mutton,
pork, etc., of this country will always
be raised on large farms.
In New England, or in any Of the
Eastern states. where the average of
tillable land Is from IS to so acres,
machinery cannot be used at profit.
To equip a farm Of Is to 100 acres,
from $4,000 to $4,000 would be re-
quired, and not enough profit can be
made by general farming to maintain
this equipment and make profit, be-
cause it cannot be used to advantage.
Farm tools must be used to their
fullest capacity during the entire
cropping season to make them profit
able. 1t does not pay the farmer to
buy a mower to cut five or ten acres
Of grass, nor a harvester to cut the
same amount Of wheat.
He must therefore hire machinery
when and how he can, and Is thus
always placed at a disadvantage in the
matter of time and cost.
The small farm Is below the aver
age mentality and business capacity of
the average farmer of America.
Thousands of men are struggling to
earn q livelihood on SO acres who
would become wealthy on 500.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

Road treated with one application
of an oil emulsion. (The automobile
is travelling at the rate of 40 miles an
hour, with no resulting dust.)
lem can be solved only by the adop-
ton Of one or two general methods.
Cd BY constructing roads in such q
manner and with such materials as to
reduce to minimum the formation Of
dust; and CD by treating the sur
faces of existing roads with materials
that will give the same result. Among
the materials which have been applied
with some success to the finished road
surface without the agency Of water
the mineral oils and coal tar are UNI
doubtedly the most important.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
PRODUCE HIGHER YIELDING STRAINS Or CORN.

instance, all corn planters and check
rowers drop all the kernels of hill
planted corn together in one small
space. On large portion of our rich
corn land checking is necessary so
that weeds can be controlled by cross
cultivation. ~.
Tests with different kinds of corn on
both fertile and poor soils during wet
and dry seasons prove that an increase
in yield of per cent Is derived by
simply spacing the kernels in hill
planted corn so that the stalks stand
S inches apart in the hills. The yield
was not only increased 81, 4, and
per cent. respectively. in the three
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

This trouble may be guarded against
by inclosing the spring in a concrete
casing on all sides and providing a
cover, and pipe cementsd in on one
side to allow the water to run outSThe
cover should be removable to permit
the cleaning out of the sand which
always accumulates. Terra Gotta
drain thing Is used also. and answers
the purpose admirably.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

fine grape arbor not only beauti-
fes the home and home grounds, but
it adds to the value and the selling
price of the home in the city or
country.
The first Strawberries sold in this
country were placed on the market
about rs years ago. Hobey's Seeding
then came to notice and 20 years later
the Wilson was largely propagated,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

A hill Of potatoes stripped by bugs,
or on which the leaves are injured by
blight, cannot give q satisfactory
yield. Paris green or some other
poison should be used to destroy the
bugs before they have had a chance to
seriously injure the vines. A few days
delay means the loss Of a great many
hills.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01
SPRING WATER POLLUTION.

If the water supply on the farm is
obtained from a spring, every effort
should be made to guard the spring
from pollution Of any kind. An open
spring may be contaminated from sur
face drainage and from seepage, and
also by the Introduction of impurities
in dipping the water.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

From the principle cranberry center
of the country came the news that the
cranberry crop this year will amount
to $4,000 barrels, or II per cent more
than last year. The gain, according to
the Cranberry Growers Association. is
due to increased acreage.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

During the fiscal year closed July LIST
4,754 grown and cub wolves were
killed in the State of Minnesota. The
state pays a bounty Of $3.50 for the
grown wolves and So for the cubs.
This makes a total of $29,350.5O that
the state has paid in wolf bounties
during the year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

Sheep should never be permitted to
run in a young orchard as they VIII
nip off the tender trees. We once saw
young orchard Of 20. acres almost
destroyed in a single week by care
less employe who allowed young sheep
to browse in the orchard.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

Several attempts have been made by
different writer's to outline and, put
into practice methods of corn breed
ing that would be simple enough in
their operation to be generally prac-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

cure for the evil and this is encourage
ing when the many difficulties to be
overcome in the treatment Of thou
sands of miles Of roadway are con-
sidered. 1t is apparent that this prob
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

The man who is determined to make
success of fruit farming must realize
from the start that he will have no
SNAP. Particularly is this true with
the small fruits-they require good
care.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

One middle west seed company pur-
chased TOO bushels Of alfalfa SEED.
The seed uncleaned sold for $3.50 the
bushel and was sold by Mr.. Steven
Heel, of Shawnee. Okla, who received
$3.50 for the 700 bushels
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

Herman Gronniger, a farmer living
near Atchison, Kas., has bought two
motor cars. One to be used for his
family and the other for hauling hogs
to market. He claims the hogs paid
for the machines so they should be
allowed to ride In one.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

For the production Of sanitary milk
the dairyman must have healthy COWS,
a sanitary barn. clean bedding dust
free air. a clean barnyard and clean
cows.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

A hunter near Vincennes, Ind, was
arrested by the State game warden for
killing wild dove and the Justice Of
the Peace fined him $3.50.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

1t is all right to put some good
looking fruit on the top, but there
must also be just as good all the way
to the bottom. Make them appear
attractive, but let there be no question
Is to the honesty.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

British India alone has thirty-four
million head of goats.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

= Corn meal and skim milk will max e
greater gain in feeding hogs than any,
thing else.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1913-11-01

Someone has very properly called
the sheep the animal with the golden
hoof. "
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-09-13

\ Stop at the Franklin House
woodward and Jefferson Ex-
fra fine rooms soc. \75c, 81. $50 per
day Popular priced dining -room.
n. II. JAMES 4 SON. PROP6
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1913-09-13


qNver enterprise pleased
people of Detroit this combined effort the
manufacturers
made in Detroit" Week Exposition.
git probably expensive exposition given in Detroit
Display windows of retail merchants exceedingly
making displays of their products in these
very heavy amply repaid
the appreciation which the people Detroit shown
their inspection of the displays their enthusiast
tcaly given the worthuness of the exposition.
qToday Public girls
down and study the displays and learn practical
something OF the of Detroit commerciay something of its
manufacturing that they remember the les
son of nterdependene Of empoye and employe that they
through this Exposition
OF civic pride which makes for the highest standard of citizenship
qThe of the inducements
qualification We satisfied
ated that will be productive of profitable merchants
many years
they before Many
city of street. but that it Metropolis with
fine business
they
alert read the
read the advertisements that they confidence the
which they
integrity the Merchants
trade connections with the of Detroit and the anu
of than they believed existed right
their door yards
brought the merchants and manufacturers and the mitdes
of Detro relationship has developed
market the of Detroit for the goods MADE
Detroit"
One day remains of this grand exposition,
and surely there lUiH not be a man or
wonnan, boy or girl Wh0 WiN not "take
if it1
a
o w wao sssy 0ns an en ps s Mir s
s Grand S S R:e s cs Msn modl R o w ca
% s @ % %
John r.
ss e! i'd: e: :;;' 's 's ; ':' a: ; :s
Grhen saving
Surely
of
in
of
Parka
this Made Detroit Week Exposition determined not special
followed evidence that the Judgment Of the committee
WELT this
don't fail down Don't
miss Detroit has had
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1913-10-17
TAXPAYERS OF CARROLL COUNTY

If you approve of the excellent
management of county affairs By the
County Commissioners. vote for John
Wesley Myers for Commissioner
He Is a man of good business quail
ficatIons. and is experienced IL the
AFFAIRS Of the county.
Remember that CAROLS affairs
have been conducted upon q lover
tax rate for years than that of any
other county. Democratic rule means
economy IN public expenses. and thai
economy has been shown in a tar rate.
While the tax rate has always been
the lowest In the state. the govern
ment Of Carroll has been progressive.
The poor have been well provided
for nj the County Home. and many
persons given aid 80 that they could
maintain themselves at their own
places Of abode.
No county has better government
few have A. good II you would con
tinue It. vote for John Wesley Myers.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1913-10-17
REPORT or TAX COMMISSION.

Tho Commission appointed b. Gov
ernor Goldsborough in June. 1912.
to study the taxation system Of Mary
land. fled it's report With The Score
tary of State. Robert =. Graham. on
Tuesday of this week. The commits
sion Is composed of Henry : Baker.
Of Baltimore County. Chairman. J.
barry Mahool. f. Stanley Gary and
Vernon Cook. OF baltimore city: ]. II.
Gambrlll. Jr.. Of Frederick county.
and william NJ Cooper. of Wleomioo
county. and Allan {. uIrdsood. It's
secretary.
Tho report n very complete and
contains a full account Of the tai
system of Maryland. and points out
The striking instances n 10Th The
present law and the administration.
The underlying principle sought
throughout II IA the need for unlfor-
nifty Of all laws aud ths lie admins
tration In each county.
Many references are made IN the
lass of other states and there are
numerous tables Of comparative ma