The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1913-02-06

l,efee6n fhe isrfsf l4t Nfafci %
tsiaea FROM sifuafas i asaa b infetsof
10 Ia gravel ief llae @ss iissa I've &C.
tiua e ihe wntet bas usan tte tctshtes
smogth aid lafaeil ATS eil the ape
binding material has tasa removed ~
49, same HErnty isrpN & iay ~ iuetn
u mixed N{ih r.ter ~ erHsA ensFel Ibe
result /. nol likei5 10 ~ - satisfactory
81 that olsaiued ~ she Use Of IA gray
"a Ill graves fteQneptlf tvniains ts'o
mn, d clay ~ ear4hy nsitef, whiic river
gra ssl uay hsfe los ninch sapd 10
such cases h Is soIurilnles advisable 90
sreea the NraAe} ~ o. g. eliminate ghe
material Witch Is Io1 lae ~ thar nhieh
i tuo coarse The screeu should be
simiar 60 tlat which Is used ia pre-
laring material for a maendsm road,
lu ihe handling " the graVei care
should BE- exercised not to separate the
binding material from H. nor should
this blnilng material be aliowei 70
settle to the bottom Ia spreading the
material over the road surface II
viii often be found advisable 90 spread
tbla layer % suh binding material
over the surface after the material has
been distributed and rolled, and after
this the surface should Ice sprinkled
and rolled Bgsln or else rolled while
siill damp from the rains
A large part ~ the gravel found In
the Atlantic coastal plane IL sufficient
Is fine and uniform 10 render unneces,
sary any asserting for road building
purposes. but when the gravel, espe.
cially TINT which Is 10 constitute the
surface layer. contains large pebbles
these should be removed and either
thrown aside or else raked into the
foundation or recrushed At lenst 90
per cent 10y weight of the gravel should
be pebbles above one-eighth inch In
size. and there should be no pebbles in
the bottom layer that viii not pass
through two and half or three inch
ring. and In the top layer there should
he no pebbles which will not pass
through one and one.half inch ring.
Not over % per cent Of the mass
should be clay, and this should be uni
formly mixed and should contain no
large Jumps Ten or Is per cent Of clay
produces better results than 20 per cent.
II the foundation or roadbed Is loose
II should be carefully rolled. II Is
quite as important TO have n solid
foundation for gravel road as for
macadam road Gravel will compact
to about 50 per cent Of its depth, loose
measure. provided earth shoulders are
placed on both sides of the road to
prevent the wasting away OF the
gravel on the sides II gravel Is abun.
dant, however, these shoulders may be
built of gravel instead OF with earth.
or the road may be surfaced with
gravel from shoulder TO shoulder. II
the compacted depth OF the gravel
road is to lie eight inches and the
width twelve feet II will take absut
2.2J0 cubic yards Of gravel TO the mile,
and IL IL best to make the first layer
about six inches in depth, loose meas
ure. and the second layer about four
inches In depth, loose measure.
Gravel should not be dumped direct
" on the road, as this will usually re-
suit in rough uneven surface. II
specially devised spreading wagons
are not used the gravel should be
dumped on boards and spread from
them on TO the road.
The gravel should be placed on the
road commencing at the end nearest
the gravel pit, in order that the teams
will aid in packing the material
spike or tooth harrow may be used to
advantage In spreading the material.
but IL the gravel contains only a small
amount Of binding material the har
row should not be used. as II will have
the effect of bringing the larger peb-
bles to the surface and shaking the
binding material to the bottom.
Each layer of gravel should be rolled
separately. The rolling should begin
at the sides and continue toward the
center until the surface is thoroughly
compacted The surface layer should