davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Bull and Cow Bring $4,000.

Francis NJ. Jones, of Chuckery
n. Y, sold to Stevens Brothers,
Of Liverpool, n. Y, a bull and
COW, the animals being brother
and sister, for $4,000. The
COW holds the worlds record for
butter production in seven days,
being 43. Is pounds. Her record
for 80 days will be about 167
pounds.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff Sale. No. 2163.

L. M. Jones
Versus
Lemon Lott. l.. ". McDougall,
Curator ad Hoe,
Notice is hereby given that by virtue
of writ OF seizure and sale issued out
of the Goth Judicial District Court of
Louisiana, in and for Washington Par
ish, in the above entitled cause, and
to me directed, will proceed to sell
at public auction to the last and high
est bidder, on
Saturday, May 10, 1913
at the principal front door of the court
house at Franklinton, La, between
the legal sale hours for judicial sales.
The following described property, to-
wit:
Nv, of the sw, of Sec. 90. twp. 2,
south, range IL, east, St, Helena mer-
ldian, containing Al acres,
Terms of sale-Cash, with benefit of
This lst day of April, 1918.
r. J. Simmons, Sheriff.
April 8, 10, II, "a, May 1, 8, 1918.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff Sale.--N0. 1888.
Emile Friedrich
Versus
Louis Grain

LOUIS cram,
Notice is hereby given that by virtue
Ola writ of seizure and sale, issued
out of the 26th Judicial District Court
of Louisiana, in and for Washington
Parish, in the above entitled cause,
and to me directed, will proceed to
sell at public auction to the last and
highest bidder, OH
Saturday, May "a; 1913
at the principal front door of the court
bouse at Franllinton, La, between
the legal sale hours for judicial sales,
the following described property. to-
wit:
South half of southeast !, section q
tp south range u, east St. Helena
Meridian, containing s0.2S acres.
Terms of sale-Cash with benefit of
This 1st day of April, 1913.
T. J. Simmons, Sheriff.
April 3, 10, II, "a, May is, 1918.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff sals.-No 2oes.
Farmers 4 Merchants Bank.
Versus.
Henry Miller OF al

Hehfy Miller e6 al.
Notice Is hereby given that by viz.
the Of IN order OF seizure and sale is-
sued out OF the 2sth judicial District
Court Of Louisiana, in aud FOR the
above entitled cause and IL me direct
ca, | will proceed 20. sell at Public
snction to the last and highest bidder
on, >'A
Saturday May 3. 1918.
Q the principal front door Of the
courthouse at Franklinton, La. be-
tween the legal sale hours for ;rdic;a,
ssies, the following described proner.
ty, towit: p1opof
Four single buggies, one surry. two
nscks, ohe wagon, one hearse. six
horses, four sets single harness and
four sets double harness.
Terms OF Sale. Cash with henaf,t
OF appraisement.
This 18th day Of April 1913.
I. J. Simmons,
Is. Sheriff.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Notice..

Notice is here by given that
there will be general meeting
OF the stockholders of the Me-,
Vreary Lumber Company held
in it's office at FrankIinton. Wash.
lngton Parish, La, on Monday
May 18th. for the purpose of
amending it's Charter. Said
amendment to provide for the
increase OF it's capitol stock from
$4,000 to $4,000.
H. D. Mc';reary, Pres
=. Il. McCreary, Sec'y.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff Sale-No. 2ls9.
First State Bank of Bogalusa.
Versus
m Ii AF;ll,

r. H. Mills.
Notice is hereby given that by vir-
tue of an order of seizure and sale. ia.
sued out of the Goth. Judicial District
Court OF Louisiana, in and for Wash.
ington Parish, in the above entitled
cause, ard to me directed. l will pro-
coed to sci. at public auction to the
last and highest bidder, on
Saturday May 10. 1918.
at the principal front door of the court
house at Franklinton. La, between
the legal sale hours for judicial sales.
the following described property to.
wit:
Eight acres OF land in section Is tn
8, south range beast st. Helena Meri.
dian, AS follows, to-wit: beginning at
old quarter section corner between
sections Is and ~ thence north one
hait degree west, along east line of
southwest Quater IL l-3 chains, thence
south 1916 degrees west s chains.
thence south one.ta!I degree east
1918 chains. thence north 1915
degrees east 8 chains to point OF be-
Terms of Sale. Cash with benefit
u appra:sement. This End DAY Ut
April 1918.
T. J. Simmons,
Sheriff.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff Sale-No. 2185.
Tylertown Bank.
Versus

4 we =. l.. Sibley.
Not1cei Is hereby given that bv virtue
OF an order of Seizure and Sale issued
out Ut the 26th Judicial District Court
Of Louisiana. in and for WASHINGTON
Parish, in the above entitled cause
and 70 me directed, will proceed to
sell at Public auction to the last and
! highest bidder, on
Saturday, April Is, 1918.
at the principal front door of the
court house at Franklinton, L., be-
tween the legal sale hours for judicial
sales. the following described proper-
ty, o.wit:
Lots Nos. 81. 20, and q of block 1879
OF the town Of Bogalusa as per plat of
Great Southern Lumber Company, on
Elm Clerks Office of Washington
fartsh, Louisiana, at Franklintoa, La.
Terms OF sale: Cash without
appraisement.
This 19eh day of March 1913.
I. ]. Simmons, Sheriff.
Sheriff Sale.-No. 2184.
j. P. Parker
Versus
Washington Parish Cotton
Warehouse Co.
Notice is hereby given that by virtue
II All order of seizure and sale, issued
mt of the Goth Judicial District Court
Il Louisiana, in and for Washington
'ariSh, in the above entitled cause
nd to me directed. ! will proceed to
ell at public auction to the last and
ighest bidder, OF
Saturday. May 10. 1913
t the principal front door of the court /;
onse at Franklinton, La, between
he legal sale hours for judicial sales.
,e following described property, to-
it:
All of lot Nc. 4, block No. a1s OF the
wn CT Franklinton, according to the
ticial plat Of said town on file in the |.
nrk's office of said parish and state. :
Terms of sale: Cash with benefit
appraisement.
This list day VI April, 1913. +
n. !. Simmona Hhar;k
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Estray Notice.

FIRST Ward Justice Court, State of Louisiana
Parish of Washington.
Notice is hereby given there has been strayed
before me, the undersigned authority, G. A
Penny, freehold citizen OF said ward, parish
and state, and who being by me first duly sworn
accordingto law. deposes and says, that for
more than six months last past there has been
roaming at large at and near the residence of
atiiant, certain yearling, described as follows;
Ono heifer yearling, colored brown, frosty,
about two years old; no mark or brand.
The said yearling to be sold at the residence
of the said 9. A. Penny, in First Ward, WASH
ington Parish, La, on
Saturday, April 10, 1919
at II O'Clock a. M, unless reclaimed by the
owner, and all costs paid.
Terms Of sale: All costs to be paid in cash
on day Of sale, tho balance on six months
credit, the purchaser to furnish his note with
approved security, payable to parish treasurer
Of Washington Parish, Louisiana.
This 18th day of March, 1913,
NJ. l. HENNESY,
Justice OF the Peace.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
We want 10000 sacks.
Robert Darlington, Ltd.
JUDICIAL ADVERTISEMENT.

Special Masters Judicial Sale of
Timber and Rights Of Way, of the
Greenlaw Lumber Company, Ltd, in
the matter Of A. ". Stevens Lumber
Company, Complainant Versus
Greenlaw Lumber Company, Ltd.
Defendant, Van Cleaye Lumber Com
pany, Intervenor.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17

No. 1870 of the Docket of the
United States District Court for the
Eastern District of Louisiana. In
Equity.
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1913-04-17
Sheriff Sale. No. Piss.
Monroe McElyeeu.
Versus
Laura MAY ErWin

ny virtue OF an order of seizure and sale is
sued out OF the 26th judicial district court of
Louisiana. in and for Washington parish, in
the above entitled cause, will proceed to sell
at public auction, to the last and highest bid
der, on
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
N'ioii Va VIC CouLty COuTt LUZ tNc
purpose of maintaining, and the
special tax was then expended as

Votcu' hlter MT. fORdrty came !
into Office the road supervisor in
formed me that Mr.. Fogarty Or
dered him not to use any road |
money within the corporate limits
OF Waldport. | took the matter
ND with MIR. Fogarty and as he
still differed with the Attorney
General, and gave me his reasons
for doing so, ! forwarded his
reasons to the Attorney General.
who rendered a second opinion cor
rcborating the first opinion. and
one of our leading attorneys held
the same opinion. And took the
matter up with Commissioners Lude,
mann and he held the came opinion
as myself and many others who had
examined the laws and the attor-
ney's opinion, and | still believe l
am right in the matter, although
the Attorney General differs with
me in one nninion 7 still have One
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

John Turnidge has recently COM
pleted new sidewalk along the
front of his residence.
Miss Elma Waugh, accompanied
by girl friend. came over from
O.A.C. Saturday evening and spent
Sunday in this city.
The grading and planking of
Graham streets from Fourth to
Seventh street is nearly completed
and fine job is being done.
An adjourned meeting of the
City Council will be held this even
ing for the purpose of making a
levy to be used for city purposes
the coming year.
Reports frum Fred Taylor, who
was SO seriously hurt and has been
confined in the hospital at Portland
Tor the past several months. are
that he is getting along nicley and
will be home within few days.
Messrs. Weaver and Trowbridge
of this city have leased the David
John place at Siletz for period of
five years. taking possession next
March. These gentlemen intend
setting out twenty acres to pepper
mint. also twenty acres to garden.
Mr.. Trowbridxe will move his
greenhouse to that place.
W. G. Bingham returned We'd
'nesday evening from five weeks
visit to his old home at Anacortes,
Washington. He reports things
bumming in hii "old home town."
Mrs. Emma Strome of Siletz de-
parted this morning for Red Bluffs.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
'ednesday evening form a visit

Coburg and Oregon City.
Prof. s. B. Ports and family have
moved into the house vacated by
Miss Lynn snl Miss SAWYER.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Cruson ar
rived over from Albany Wednesday
evening for a visit with Mrs. Cru
sons parents. Mr.. and Mrs. Lee
Wade, in this city.
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS.
Leon H Fish and wife to C A
Mackey. 120 acres in "a. 1910. $40.
E Linton. to Hattie F Linton, lot
l block IA. City of Waldport. $40.
The Agate Beach Land Co to
John. Brazee Effinger. lots 8 and 4
block 120. Agate Beach No /. $40.
R Chavis to Halvor Dahl, lot 81
block 8. Terrace Heights ad to
Newport. 81.
HJ Minthorn. ct al. to Kate W
Dickson. lot IA. Ocean Bluff Block,
Nye & Thompsons ad to Newport.
$500.
Oregon Lumber & Construction
Co to H R Stratton, tract in 8,11.
10. 81.
Jas Arnold and wife to Sarah c
Harris. so acres in 26.11.8. $40.
Alex Legler and wife to Lottie
Harmon, 10 acres in LILO. $40.
Lottie Harmon to II D Ebbett,
10 acres in All, 10. $40.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

The following have subscribed
Or renewed their subscriptions to
the Leader during the present
week: W. E. Lingenfe'ter, Toledo;
G. F. Robertson, Dallas: Phinley
Bones. Dallas; A. Hurley. Toledo;
]. H. Mcfarland. Eugene; Edward
Cillasnie Elk Citv. Jac u,.doos
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

stltutlOn after next year. A frac-
tion OF mill on each state levy
was set aside for the University and
a slightly larger fraction of a mill
for the Agricultural College. Thus.
as the state grows. the two great
schools are expected to expand.
The legislatures since 1908 have at
each session passed bills providing
such additional room but each time
band of persons hostile to the
University on personal grounds
have invoked the referendum.
This year the University. with
double the attendance it had in
1908, and with the largest fresh
man class in its history. is holding
Il L IL =
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

\ Read what Warnock & Hughes
have to say in their ad this week.
Mrs. Flora Fox of Corvallis spent
Sunday with her parents in this
city.
County Judge Fogarty was
Newport visitor the first of the
week.
DR.. R. D. Burgess returned Tues
day evening from several days
visit in Portland.
R. N. Warnock spent several
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

AS time draws near for our an
nual road meeting the advisability
of a special levy is being discussed.
There are two very essential things
for the success of any community.
viz: good schools and good roads,
and while our taxes are high, we
should not forget these two i'm
portant factors We understand it
is the intention of the Couny Court
to include with our general levy
three mills for road and bridge
purposes. one-half this amount is
returned to the district for road
purposes. And we believe our main
thoroughfares should be first graded
and that we should vote q special
tax of least $4,000 to be expended
on the Newport-Toledo road. We
understand profile is now in the
hands of the County Court. and a
ctntrect should be let to du as
much work as posslpie on this road.
and as fast as possible improve Luz
road from Newport road district
to the foot of Pioneer Mountain.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

c"uUraeu HUt pald Tor want of
funds prior to January lst, 1912.
are hereby called and the interest
stopped thereon.
Dated at Toledo. Oregon, this 9Th
day of October. 1918.
G. B. McCluskey,
County Treasurer.
SUMMONS
In the Circuit Court of the State of Orepon for
Lincoln County.
Sara Crahen, plaintiff Va. E. G. Ebers de.
fendant.
10 e. u. Epers' the above named defendant:
In the Name Of the State of Oregon:
You are hereby notified that Sara Crahep
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

uther industry that it may be pos
sible to bring here.
University
Should be Helped
The University of Oregon has al
ways been forced, under a system
prevailing since 1873. to ask each
legislature for funds with which to
operate during another two years.
The Oregon Agricultural College
has been compelled to do the same.
These maintenance bills have fire.
quently become the storm center of
the political struggles within the
legislature. The University and
the Agricultural College. therefore.
have constantly been accused of en-
gaging in politics. and of the un-
academic practice of political trad
ing; and their dignity and useful
ness have been correspondingly i'm
paired.
Passage by the 1913 legislature
of the mileage bill provided for
out,v, n t;o ov,,o;rtopopno ~, of oooh IN
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
leo, lrOWbrldQe

Chas. Boeckman, Toledo; W. M.
Peterson. Ona; Miss Nellie King,
Salem.
Notices are posted for two meet
ings to be held tomorrow after
noon. The irsteis a school meetinp
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
Mt LET BABY SUFFER- WI

ECZEMA AND SKIN ERUPTIONS
Babies need a perfect skin cover
ing. Skin eruptions cause then not
only intense suffering, but hinder
their growth. DIR. HOBSON'S
ECZEMA DIN TMENT can be relied
on for relief and permanent cure
of suffering babies whose skin erup-
tions have made their life miser-
able. "Our baby was afflicted with
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

Edward Gillespie Of Elk City
was in the city yesterday.
Messrs. Franks and Dillon were
over from Siletz Wednesday.
9 Jack Morgan was passenger for
the city yesterday morning.
Mrs. w A Williams ratnrnod
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

oOSohN-eiarc
ADVERTISING RATES
Display, 10 cents per inch per issue.
Local and Reading Notices, &c per line.
Eotices-tor Sale, Wanted, Etc, five lines or
nnder 2sc per issue Soc per month.
Homestead Notices, IS: Timber Notices, $40.
r-.------u---~z--
Mayor Walker
Gives, His Views
Waldport. Or. Oct. Goth.
Editor Leader
have remained silent in regard
to the controversy in syour paper
over the county roads in incorpor-
ated cities. until last l feel that
have been held up before the pub
lie in false light. Therefore,
will ask space in your paper to
state few of the facts as they
are.
This controversy first came up
over a special tax that our road
district voted. to be expended
partly within the city limits and
partly outside. Judge Gardner at
that time ordered the road super
visor to du no work within the city
limits, although the people had
voted so, and referred the matter
to the Attorney General, who rend-
cred an opinion stating that the in
cooperating of a town under the
general incorporation act did not
IN any manner affect the county
roads which were in its limits at
the time of incorporation, and that
said roads are still under the iuris-
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

0IoeH e1 tHc CUuI lHoUht, tut lIe
purpose of determining as to
whether the voters of road District
3 wish to make a special levy for
road purposes. A good attendance
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
Uuyo III vi tIdtIu IdOI Wtth, ISeof'
ing home Monday evening.

Mr.. and Mrs C. B. Crosno re-
turned Sunday after a couple OF
months absence in Eastern Oregon.
The Yale Laundry of Portland
has established an agency in this
city. Leave bundles with Mrs.
Frederick.
Mrs. Ethel Gray Hamar of New
port was visiting with Mrs. c. 0.
Hawkins in this city the latter part
of last week.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
is called for one OcI

the grammar school building, for
the purpose of voting levy to de-
fray school expenses during 1.-THE
coming year. The second is road
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

Editor VIM. Matthews of the
Newport News was a Toledo visitor
Monday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. Dickinson re-
turned this NOR ming to their home
at Thornton, Washington.
Sheriff Gellately of Benton county
was among the excursionists to
Newport last Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Heath have
moved to Dayton where they will
reside the coming Winter.
Born. to Mr.. and Mrs. w. A. Og.
den. near this city, Saturday, Oc-
tober 25. 1913. a ten pound girl. : :
Mrs. C. S. Davis of Siletz was q
passenger for Newport Monday
evening where she will visit friends
Jim Hodges of Sa;ado was in the
city Saturday. He bought more
subscription to the Leader while in
town.
DR.. Earnest Warren, an old time
resident of Newport, died in Port
land last Saturday. the 25th, at the
age of Sc years.
Don't forget the dance and care
games at the Oddfellow Hall to-
night. given by the ladies of the
Guild. Admission 25 Genus.
R. R. Wilson. the photographer
OF Chitwood went to Newport on
the Sunday excursion train to con.
suit DR.. Berry. the dentist.
Rev. Rhys Gwynn returned Sat.
urday evening frcm a missionary
tour through the southern part OF
Washington and into Eastern Ore.
gUn.
J. D. Cain of Summit. special
agent of the Boys and Girls Aid
Society of Portland. was here over
Sunday in the interest of the So
ciety.
Mrs. Smith Day of Newport
passed through to her home Tues
day evening, after spending several
days with her brother, Fred Taylor.
at Portland.
A party of mighty hunters, COM
posed of l. R. Wishart, o. F. Dick
son, Arthur Nye and A. W. Nor
gan. returned Monday from hunt
ing expedition over in the Rock
Creek country They report lots
OF fish and game.
Miss Winifred Spencer returned
Saturday evening from Ashland,
where she attended the funeral of
her brother, who was killed by be-
ing thrown from horse. She re-
sumed her duties as teacher in our
public schools Monday morning.
j. II. Mcfarland and wife drove
over from Eugene the first of the
week to look after their property
interests. here. Mr.. Mcfarland
owns some lots in the northeast
part of ,own and intends returning
here in the Spring and erecting 8
house
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

ana sS-loo Dollars, same being the amount than
due aud delinquent for taxes for the year 1907
toge iher with penalty, interest aud costs
thereon upon the real property assessed To
you' OF which you arc the owner as appears
OF record situated in said county and state
ana particularly bounded and described 40
folows' TO wit; The west half of the north.
west quarter; the southeast quarter of the
northwest quarter and the northwest ouarter
OF the southwest quarter OF section thirty.
four In township twelve south of range nine
west OF the Willamette Meridian In Lincoln
County, Oregon.
You are further notified that said Sara
Crahen has paid taxes on said premises tor
prior or subsequent years, with the rate Of
interest on said amounts as follows:
Years Date Tax
Tux Paid Rcceint M Amt hales 81
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

-< po>
Straw Hats.
The straw hat Is relative newcomer
In the world of dress. 1t wns not until
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
MI PROCESS and papers IN This prOceedivg

"'"9 Uo ooTNou uPOI lIV UHuefslgned fesiUinE
within the State of Oregon at the address
hereafter mentioned.
Hawkins a McCluskey,
Attorneys for plaintiff.
Address, Toledo oregon.
MARKET
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

CALL FOR COUNTY WARRANTS
All warrants drawn on The Gem
prol EnpJ of I'll,
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
losing The len OF said taxes and costs nvainst

WIG IHII'l HIIU PIVITISts NDONe nnmeU,
This summons Is published by order of the
Honorable John Fogarty, Judge of the County
Court OF the state of Oregon for the County of
Lincoln and said order was made and dated,
this 22d day of October, 1913, and the date of
the first publication of this summons is no
oath day OF October, 1913
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
FRONT STREET

+ resh and Cured Meats
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
ln uaitinn q

pIdCe5 WIIIIe WdIlIlR IdVUIdUIt
verdict from the people so it can
build.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

for the success of any community.
viz: good schools and good roads.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

and while our taxes are high, we
should not forget these two i'm
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31
Ira j Calvert and wife to R S
WalLor lofc . . Hal, Oc D,,hlnr

Sd ad Waldport. $500.
Security Savings & Trust Co. to
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1913-10-31

1ortant factors We understand It 7
IS the intention of the Couny Court
10 include with o,lr peneral law