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The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

Washington, April 7.-Removal Of
all tariff from many articles of food
and clothing; broad reductions in the
rates Of duty on all necessaries of
life, an increase Of tariff on many
luXuries; and a new income tax that
would touch the pocket of every
American citizen whose net income ex-
ceeds $4,000 are the striking features
of the new Democratic tariff revision
bill presented today to the house
Sugar would be free of duty in 1916,
the bill proposing an immediate 25
per cent reduction and the removal
of the remaining duty in 1915.
Raw wool would be made free at
once with a correspondingly heavy
reduction in the tariff on sll wooden
goods.
All these other articles are put on
the free list, namely; Meats, flour,
bread, boots and shoes, lumber, coal,
harness, saddlery, iron ore, milk and
cream, potatoes, salt, swine, corn, corn
meal, cotton bagging, agricultural
implements, leather wood pulps, BIZ
bells, printing paper not worth more
than 2 1-2 cents per pound, type
writer's, sewing machines, typesetting
machines, cash registers, steel rails,
fence wire, cotton ties, nails, hoop
and bar iron, fish, sulphur, soda, tam
ming materials, acetic and sulphuric
acids; borax, lumber products, in
Guiding broom handles, clapboards,
hubs for wheels, posts, laths, pickets,
slaves, shingles.
These principal items are taken
from the free list and taxed: Uncut
diamonds and precious stones, furs,
coal tar products, 10 per cent; volatile
oils, 20 per cent; spices from l cent to
cents per pound.
Chairman Underwood of the ways
and means committee in his state
ment accompanying the new tariff
bill gave the following comparative
table to show reduc, Ions in tariff du-
ties, made upon necessaries. In each
item, both the present tariff and the
proposed tariff had been reduced to
an ad valorem basis:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
CAROLINIANS ON THE SCENE.
All South Carolina Senator's and Rep.
resentaties i'm Washington for the
Extra Session.

Washington, April when Vice
President Marshall and Speaker
Champ Clark raped their respective
houses to order today all the men,
bers of the South Carolina delega-
ton in congress were present and an
swcred to their names. There was of
course no representative from the
First district, where there is a va
cancy caused by the recent death Of
Congressman Legare.
While the present session will be
devoted largely to the tariff and prob
ably to currency legislation, there will
be many minor matters developing
from time to time to which the MEM
bers of the Palmetto State delegation
will give their attention.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

South Carolina Cotton Mill Man SAYS
1t is Poorly Constructed.

Washington, April 7.--I.e,vis w
Parker of Greenv.le and ether well
know cotton mauufacturars 01 the
South reached Washington tonight FOR
the annual meeting of the Southern
Cotton Manufacturers association,
which begins here tomorrow. Asked
what he thought Of the tariff bill sub
mitted to congress today, Mr.. Parker
said: lit is poorly constructed. shows
entire lack Of care and preparation
and is, in my judgment, not at all sat-
isfactory, as ! see it, not only the cot
ton schedule but many others have
been inadequately considered. The
whole bill is too drastic and in my
opinion the reductions should have
been more gradual"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
INTEREST IN THE SESSION.
For tho First limo In Many Years
Democrats Control.


Democrats Control.
Elements In the extra session OF con-
gress arc unusual. President Wilson
has called the great body together at
time when his party has absolute con-
troll OF every branch Of the govern
ment relating to legislation.
This has not been the case before In
twenty years. During that period Of
long ago when the Democrats were I'm
power President Cleveland called an
extra session. but the conditions were
vastly different from now.
The extra session under President
Wilson IL remarkable because the law.
makers to large extent are men Of
comparatively recent rise to prOmi-
nence. Because OF the fact that the
Democratic party Is providing change
from Republican rule for the first time
In sixteen years great interest is GEN.
tered upon the doings OF congress.
Virtually a new generation Of legis-
lators has sprung up. With but very
few exceptions there are no men who
figured In congressional daings Of
twenty years ago who are sharing the
responsibilities OF the body now.
OF only one thing has the public been
abso' ltely certain. and that Is that the
tariff would be first and foremost
among the subjects for work by the
legislators. and that revision downward
would be the purpose. The legislators
themselves have not known just how
the revision IL To- be managed. and IL
has been well understood that they
would not all be pleased over all
the details OF the ultimate changes.
The subject has been thrashed over so
often and earnestly that its intricacies
have become feared.
The ways and means committee.
which has had the task OF drafting the
tentative form OF the new tariff mems
ure, has been unable TO announce COM
pietion OF its work I'm advance OF the
extra session. but the probability Is
that the measure will bo taken up
schedule by schedule.
The public has been led to EXPECT
that after the tariff Is disposed of con-
grcss will consider currency, the In
come tax. Philippine independence and
the Panama tolls Questions.
Much publicity has been given to the
proposed national income tax The tax
Will probably apply only to incomes OF
over $1,000 annually. Certain members
OF congress hold that this sort OF levy
would bc confined TO but n compare.
lively small proportion OF the public
and that the revenue would not be suf.
fcient They argue that an inheritance
ga should be added To insure the need.
ell revenue.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
TO RECEIVE COMMISSION.
Wilson Will Give Audience 10 Mem.
bers OF Body Which VIII Study
European Finance.

Washington, April 7.-Announce-
ment was made here today that Pres
ident Wilson would receive the men,
bers of the commission going aboard
to study rural credits in the East room
of the White House on April "a. This
will include only such members.
however, as will be passing through
Washington for New York, where the
steamer on which they will sail will
be taken.
1t is believed that between SO and
GO members will be present to meet
the president.
Senator Fletcher. chairman of the
commission, and DR.. Owens, manag-
ing director Of the Southern Com
mercial congress, are enthusiastic con-
cerning what they believe the COM
mission will do while abroad
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
WILL NAME Committeeman.
jOrity Members of Four Bodies to
be Selected Now.

Washington, April 7.--Majority
members of four committees will be
named by the house Democrats in
caucus tomorrow. The chairmen
recommended by the ways and means
majority as the committee on COM
mittees are:
Rules-Robert l.. Henry, Texas;
accounts, James T. Lloyd, Missouri;
mileage, Warren w. Bailey, Penn
sylvania; enrolled bills, John T. Whit
acre, Ohio.
The Republicans of these commit
tees have not been selected, but the
Democrats include q liberal sprink-
ling of new members
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12


messages in person. He said that
unless the senate and house intended
to conform with the custom Of those
days in making Il return visit 20 the
White House and delivering reply
message in person. He said that
only half observed. He cited author
fies who agreed that the personal de-
livery of message and the correct
endeavor of congress to make suitable
reply led only to delay Of the public
business.
Il for one very much regret that
the president has chosen to take this
course" said Senator Williams. THE
old Federalist custom Of making
speeches from the throne when once
disused fell by unanimous agreement,
and it did so because the common
sense underlying the idea of a writ
ten communication to congress was
obvious and plain and ever so much
more in accord with American insti-
tutiOns. l hope for one that this will
be the only instance Of the breach of
the perfectly simple and republican
method which Thomas Jefferson in
troduced. l had hoped that some
president at some time might have
the courage to do away with the inau-
gural procession, that cheap and tim
sci imitation of coronation. About
all that does is to make a lot of peo
pie catch pneumonia, fill the Wash
ington boarding houses and quicken
trade, especially in the barrooms.'
Senator Shafroth closed the argu-
ment with the remark THE presi-
dents coming here ought to produce
harmony and not discord"
Opening proceedings in the senate
were perfunctory but in the house the
legislative leaders were hailed with
wild applause as they appeared and
the galleries were crowded to over
flowing as the members more than n
third Of them new ones, were sworn
in. Mr. Underwood and Speaker
Clark were given rousing ovations.
In nominating Mr. Clark for speaker
Representative Palmer of Pennsyl-
vania was cheered when he said: Il
voice the common opinion OF Demo-
Gratis everywhere when / say that to
his patriotic conduct of the speakers
Office, was due, in no small part, the
peoples confidence in his party which
led to our great victory last Novem-
ber."
Thousands Of bills were introduced
in the house and scores in the senate.
The Panama canal toll question reap
peared within a few hours after the
session convened when Senator Root
reintroduced his bill of last session for
a repeal Of that provision Of the new
Panama canal act, which would per-
NIT American coastwise shipping to
enjoy freedom from tolls. The meas
ure was referred to the committee
now headed by Senator O'Gorman
who led the fight against the Root
proposal in the last congress. 1t is
expected that the issue will be forced
upon the attention of congress at an
early date.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
ORE PAYS TWO CENTS A TON.
Experts Give Oklahoma
discovery" Black Eye.

Washington, April 4.-"Gold ORE"
said to pay from $50 to 5000 per ton.
discovered" near Albion, Oklahoma.
is said by experts of the geological
survey. who made an examination. TO
actually pay two cents.
Secretary Lane today referred the
question to Postmaster General Bur
Lesson for inquiry as TO whether the
mails were being used improperly in
connection with the discovery"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

In view of the fact that a number
of persons have stated that they
though that the rural policemen
should prevent the plowing up OF the
public roads, it will be of interest TO
tn public To know that they have
had instructions to this effect from the
county commissioners and have ar
rested and prosecuted a number of
persons fer violation Of the statute
prohibiting the plowing up OF public
raOdS.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
wooden

stuifs agricultural prducts, wooden
and cotton cloth.
The free wool proposal backed by
President Wilson and accepted by the
house committee, is expected to pro-
woke a severe fight within the Demo-
cratic ranks Of both houses. 1t had
not become clear today whether the
Democratic opponents OF free wool
and free sugar in the senate would
be able to force compromise on one
or both those provisions.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
WILL AID DAYTON.
Will Deposit $4,000, 900 I'm
Banks Thccr.

washington. April 7.-Secrctary
McAdoo of the treasury department
VIII deposit $2.0O0,OOO in the national
banks at Dayton, Ohio, to relieve the
money shortage resulting from the
hood accepting government, state
city or county bonds as security. This
Will be the first time since 1903 that
the government has accepted as Sc
curity for deposits bonds other than
those of the Cnit"i states.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

ducers under the stimulation Of a con-
stant necessity TO be efficient, econom-
ical and enterprising. masters Of COM
peutive supremacy, better workers and
merchants than any in the world.
Aside from the duties laid upon arti.
cles which we do not and probably
cannot produce, therefore. and the
duties laid upon luxuries and merely
FOR the sake of the revenues they yield,
the object of the tariff duties hence
forth laid must be effective competi-
ton. the whetting OF American wits by
contest with the wits of the rest OF the
world.
lt would be unwise to move toward
this end headlong. with reckless haste
or with strokes that cut at the very
roots of what has grown up among
Us by long process and at our own in
vitation. 1t does not alter a thing to
upset Ii and break it and deprive it of
u chance to change 1t destroys It.
We must make changes In our fiscal
laws, in our fiscal system. whose OBJ
ject is development. more free and
wholesome development. not revolution
or upset or confusion. We must build
up trade. especially foreign trade. We
need the outlet and the enlarged field
or energy more than we ever did be-
fore. We must build up industry as
well and must adopt freedom in the
place OF artificial stimulation only so
far as 1t will build. not pull down. In
dealing with the tariff the method by
which this may be done will be q mat
ter or Judgment. exercised item by
item. To some not accustomed TO the
excitements and responsibilities of
greater freedom our methods may in
some respects and ut some points seem
heroic. but remedies may be heroic
and yet be remedies. 1t is our bnsi-
ness to make sure that they are genu.
inc remedies. Our object is clear. If
our motive Is above just challenge
and only an occasional error of judg-
ment Is chargeable against us we shall
be fortunate.
Thorough, but Moderate.
We are called upon to render the
country great service I'm more mat
ters than one. Our responsibility
SHOULD be met, and our methods should
be thorough. as thorough as moderate
and wei! considered. based upon the
facts rs they are, and not worked out
as IL We were beginners. We are to
deal with the facts of our own day.
with the facts OF no other. and to make
laws which square with those facts.
II Is best-indeed. 1t is necessary-to
begin with the tariff. will urge moth
Ing upon you now ut the opening OF
your session which can obscure thsa
hrst object or divert our energies from
that clearly defined duty At u later
time may take the liberty Of calling
your attention to reforms which should
press close upon the heels OF the tariff
changes. IL not accompany them. of
which the chief Is the reform OF our
banking and currency laws. but Just
now ] refrain. For the present put
these matters on one side and think
only or this one thing-of the changes
In our fiscal system which may best
serve to open once more the free chan
uels or prosperity to great people
whom we would serve to the utmost
and throughout both rank and lie.
WOODROW WILSON.
The White House. April 8. 1913.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
SHORT MESSAGE
STICKS TO TARIFF
President Wilson advises the
Extra Session.
URGENT need OF REFORMS

Chief Executive Says Recent Elections
Laid a Duty Upon the Democratic
Party, Which Must Tighten the Bur-
den OF the PeopIe-Says u Would Be
unwise to Move Forward i'eadlono
or With Reckless Haste That 6usi.
ness Must Be Encouraged, Not De-
stroyed, but That Everything That
Has a Semblanee ef Privilege Must
Ne Abolishsd-Pronises Special Mes
sage Dealing With Needed Banking
and Currency Laws.
To the Senate and House ot Repre-
sentatives:
i have called the congress together
In extraordinary session because I
duty was laid upon the party now .n
power at the recent elections which il
ought to perform promptly in order
that the burden carried by the people
under existing law may be lightened
as soon as possible and In order. also.
that the business interests of the coun.
try may not be kept too long I'm sus-
pense as To what the fiscal changes
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

Among the attorneys from other
places in attendance upon court Tues
day were Mcssrs. w. a. Holman. of
charleston, NJ. Rutledgc Rivers, of
Charleston, T.. j. Best. Columbia: L.
y. Wilcox, Florence. and Il. 4. Den
mis-, Bishopville.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

are to be to which they will be requlr.
ell to adjust themselves. II Is clear
TO the whole country that the tariff
duties must be altered. They must be
changed TO meet the radical alteration
In the conditions OF our economic life
which the country has witnessed with
In the last generation. While the
whole face and method OF our indus.
trial aud commercial life were being
changed beyond recognition the tariff
schedules have remained what they
were before the change began or have
moved In the direction they were Civ.
EN- when no large circumstance OF our
Industrial development was what It Is
today. Our task is to square them
with the actual facts The sooner that
IL done the sooner we shall escape
from suffering from the facts and the
sooner our men OF business will be-
free 10 thrive by the law OF nature
tthe nature OF free business, instead
OF by the law OF legislation and arti.
hcial arrangement.
How Tariff Has Grown.
We have seen tariff legislation wan
der very fur aHeld .i our day--very far
indeed from the field I'm which our
prosperity might have had n normal
growth and stimulation. 40 one who
looks the facts squarely I'm the face or
knows anything that lies beneath the
surface OF action can fail 10 perceive
tho prfnptnin0 unr, ,,.htch .ooo,t 4,,i ~
legislation has been based We long
ago passed beyond the modest notion
OF protecting" the industries Of the
country and moved boldly forward To
the idea that they were entitled 10 the
direct patronage OF the government
For n long tme-a time so long that
the men now active I'm public policy
hardly remember the conditions that
proceeded tive have sought I'm our
tarifr schedules 20 give each group OF
manufacturers or producers what they
themselves thought hat they needed
In order Co maintain practically ex
elusive market as against the rest OF
the world. Consciously or Unconscious.
ly we have built up set OF privileges
anu exemptions from competition be
hind which N was easy by any. even
the crudcst forms OF combination 10
organize monopoly. until nj last moth
Ing IL normal nothing Is obliged 20
stand the tests ~ efficiency aud eCono
my. IN our world of big business. but
everything thrivcs by concerted nr.
ransencnt Only new principles OF
action VIII save Us from u final hard
capitalization ~ monopoly and com
plete loss of the influences that quick.
en- enterprise and keep independent on.
ergy alive
Muot Abolish Privilege.
N Il plain whnt those principles must
be. We must abolish everything that
bears even the scmblauCe OF privilege
or Of any Mind of artificial advantage
and put our business men aud pro
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12

duCe the customs revenue approx
mately $S0,OOO,OOO a year. This is
expected to be made up by the income
tax.
Endorsed by President Wilson. the
measure represents the efforts Of the
president and the house tariff makers
to carry into effect Democratic pledges
OF downward revision and OF conccs-
Sions to the American consumer.
Protection to the farmer would be
cut throughout by more than so per
cent in an effort to reduce the cost Of
food.
Protection to the steel and imple-
mont manufacturer would in turn be
cut by fully as wide margin.
Heaviest reductions fan upon food
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
THE TARIFF BILL.
DEMOCRATIC MEASURE Is REAL
REVISION DOWNWARD.

House Leaders and President Unite TO
Redeem Campaign Pledges of DEM
Ocratic Party-FOod and Clothing
on Free List and Sweeping Reduc-
tions on Many Other Necessaries of
Life.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1913-04-12
Muss Abolish Privilege.

u u plain whnt those principles must
be. We must abolish everything that
bears even the scmblauCe OF privilege
or Of any Mind ot artificial advantage
and put our business men aud pro
Meade County news. [volume] (Meade, Kan.) 1900-1918, 1913-09-04

ION and after August is, 1913,
the limit of weight of parcels of
fourth-class mail for delivery
within the first and second zones
shall be increased from l pounds
to 20 pounds. The rate of post
age on parcels exceeding four
ounces in weight shall be five
cents for the first pound and one
cent for each additional two
pounds or fraction thereof when
intended for local delivery, and
five cents for the first pound and
one cent for each additional
pound or fraction thereof when
intended for delivery at other Of
fees within the first and second
zones.
"Sectlons /, 5, and Is, parcel
post regulations, are amended
accordingly.
"The pound rates of postage
in the first and second zones
Meade County news. [volume] (Meade, Kan.) 1900-1918, 1913-09-04

the country's buying and selling
of securities.
Anyone who can present reas-
oned and reasonable suggestions
for the improvement of the fa-
cilities provided by the Stock
Exchange for the investing and
specializing public will be doing
public service. But anyone
who bases his suggestions upon
premises which are false in fact
is not only doing no service, but
may be doing incalculable harm.
We understand that Mr.. Nee
ley's speech is being circulated
in Kansas. Before he tries to
arouse public sentiment against
the Stock Exchange in this way
he would do we'll to meet Mr..
Van Antwerp's criticism of the
allegations which he has made.
His mem mbership upon the Bank
ing and Currency committee
makes his responsibility to be
not only fair but accurate heav-
ier one.
What a single congressman
says, even though it be printed
extensively in the Congressional
Record and circulated among
his constituents, is not of great
importance. But the prevalence
of spirit of reckless criticism,
based not upon facts but upon
prejudice and bias, is of national
importance. Mr.. Neeley's att
tack upon the Stock Exchange is
only one example of a whide-
spread tendency. 1t IS tend
ency. 1t is tendency which
contains nothing but danger.
Meade County news. [volume] (Meade, Kan.) 1900-1918, 1913-09-04

not local-and will be so re-
garded by me.
There is so much good and
so little bad in the bill that l
do not believe any democrat
would be justified in voting
against it, simply because it may
not meet with his personal views
of the wishes of his immediate
constituency in few schedules.
"This is the first tariff bill
drafted since the Civil War,
which has disregarded the local
interest proposition. While it
has been charged that the bill
has been drafted in the interest
of the southern people and the
eastern manufacturer, yet close
inspection of the bill, with full
information as to how bills of
this character must necessarily
be drawn, will convince any
reasonable person that there IS
no truth IN this charge. The
main idea throughout the bill has
been to place the necessaries of
life on the free list, regardless
of where they are raised or pro-
duced, in order to secure the
greatest benefits for all the peo-
pie and to reduce the high cost
of living, which has reached the
highest point ever known in the
history of this country"