Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1913-07-06

opened the door OF Europe T. the otto
man invaders"
Bulgaria. IL appears. would accept the
arbitration OF Russia. as well as Servia
Montenegro and Greece. But Bulgaria is
not in accord as 10 the Limitation OF the
arbitration which for Bulgaria should be
limited by the Serbo Bulgarian treaty
Bulgaria contests with tenacity che argsl-
ments OF Servia In favor OF the revision
OF the treaty. and AT Sofia there Were in
preparation certain conditions which
should be observed in Macedonia before
considering disarmament.
Austria-and this is one OF the SIZE
lights upon the question-Austria has
manifested d'spleasure because the car
failed to mention her as an essential
factor In the general peace alongside ~
Germany and England. and thus the
Austrian press manifests its hostility
Bulgaria's attitude indeed may b. largely
due TO the Vaccinations az Austria But
IL II be true, as intimsted that Germany
supports Russia in her attempt 10 pacifv
the allies. Russia may not heed what
Austria may do.
We have already had occasion u in
sist upon the fact that Russias Influence
In the Balkans is supreme Her pre-
dominance Is apparent by her Invitation
to the Balkan states 10 submit 10 her
arbitration-a manifestation Of her au-
thority-military power-made doubiy
clear by the cars rescript.
Very little almost nothing. 81 said m
the press of Russia about Russia's milf
tary establishment. The government AZ
st. Petersburg imposes an absolute
silence on that head. but foreign govern
ments are well acquainted with the ex-
cellence OF an army that Is incompara-
BILE.
Notwithstanding the veil Of silence IN
such matters. IL appears on good author
ity that the military commanders are d.
recting attention first to the augmenta-
ton and amelioration Of material the
sufficient armament OF the men and the
owfs< 1..x,
place, by the augmentation Of reserves.
which already place the electives Of the
first line at 4 SO0. 900 men
Russia possessed six months ago thirty
number will he Increased to forty-twa
corps. The total electives in time OF
peace will be 1.200.O,o to l. 10000 With
the reserves of the first line the army ID
time Of war will number 4,&WoOO men
The military service is personal and OH
hgatory. In the infantry and siege hat
teries the soldiers service In three years;
In the cavalry and field artillery four
years.
Gen Toukhomlikof. tho present minis
ter OF war. among the many innovations
introduced I'm the
duSSl0n Army army has augmented
Pay Increased. :. .oe , pay ?, .ns ar'n !,
q copeck a day. He has caused a ration
OF tea to be distributed daily. augmented
the meat ration and rebuilt the old and
unhealthy barracks. Besides. 10000 sub
officers (veterans) are employed as IN
structors OF young soldiers and reservSts
The corps OF commissioner officers has
been renewed from the commanders 81
army corps down to battalion chiefs
and old men replaced by young.
The pay OF Officers. which was r.dicu-
lously small, has been notably increased.
The military academy was created with
the view OF admitting not only officers Of
the stan, but all those who may have
shown real and strategical or technical
aptitude. No officer of the artillery can
now be promoted captain commanding a
battery without having followed the
classes OF q special school Of artillery.
Schools. indeed. for all grades have been
created for officers aspiring 10 promotion.
also schools for sword exercise. gymnas-
tics. railroads. aerostation. automobiles.
etc.
Gen. Soukhomlikof has paid special at
tention to the artillery service In view
OF the principal role reserved for that
arm In the future. During the campaign
I'm Manchuria a great number OF Rus
Is, slow firing. short range TO say moth
ing OF the recoil Today Russia's ar
tillery entire Is rapid fire and absolutely
modern. All corps are provided with
nautics and all the tools necessary for
construction and exploitation OF railroads.
The commissariat of the army, formerly
SO lamentably insufficient. has been sub
jected to the seyerest control and the
abuses not only eradicated but the serv-
ice has been purified. placed upon a high
plane and become a perfected and admir-
able organization.
The cavalry has been numerically in
creased. but the Cossack cavalier has
been retained. Russia possesses an In
exhaustible source Of cavalry in the Co.'S
sack and In the 80, 100000 horses in the
country.
The entire system OF fertilization has
been transformed in order to support
the fire of the Ger
Changes in man siege guns and
-c the center OF resist
SS ance removed from
the front to the rear. The adoption OF
this new plan caused some discussion
among tacticians, but its authors main
tanned that because of the ''saillant'. or
projecting Polish angle Russian troops
bottled up therein stood every chance or
being enveloped from the south b. an
Austrian army from LemhOrg. from the
Inv PrucSian from kOenlXS-