The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1913-12-02
IMPORTANT WORK
IS ACCOMPLISHED
What the Federal Experiment
Station Is Doing-Former
Governor Report.


mean toward added prosperity for the
Territory. That part of his report deal
ing with this subject is as follows:
This is supported mainly by the fed
eral government, but during the last
few years the territorial government
has aided to the extent of about $4,000
"A year, and this aid has now been in
creased to $4,000 year. The work
of the marketing bureau of the depart
ment of immigration, labor and sta
tistics was transferred to this station
at the close of the year. Thus this sta
ton ny means of territorial funds will
now not only conduct experimental and
demonstration farms in different home
stead centers, hut viii lead in aiding
farmers on the business side by fur
nishing information as to when and
what and how much to produce for the
market, how to grade, pack, ship, etc.
The station also is assisting in the
formation of cooperative organizations
among different groups for their mu-
tual benefit. One such organization
for the manufacture and sale of butter
and cream has been established and has
taken over the work of that nature
from one of the demonstration farms.
poultry organization also has been
formed, aud plans are well advanced
for other organizations.
Many lines of experimentation are
carried on by the station. One of these
is in the dynamiting of soils, as a re-
suit of which several pineapple com
panies have adopted this mode of pro
viding Understandings, at a cost of only
about five dollars an acre, the charges
being placed at a depth of three or
four feet and twenty feet apart. This
can be done while a crop is growing.
Soils and Pineapples.
Hawaiian soils have been found to
have a marked power of fixing nearly
all fertilizers except nitrate of soda.
The nitrifcation of the nitrogen in the
soils is facilitated by aeration through
double blowing and also by heating.
The latter also, by producing floccula-
ton, diminishes the tendency of the
soil to pack and renders all plant foods
more soluble and available.
Further experiments have been made
with pineapp.es, more particularly with
"A view to ascertaining what, if any,
uses can he made of by-prOducts. This
fruit contains no carbohydrate which
can he changed into sugar, and there
| fore the sugar content does not increase
with the ripening of the fruit after it
has been picked green. The sugar in.
pineapples ripened off the plant is about'
| four or five per cent, while in those
ripened on the plant it is ten to four
| teen per cent. The preference for Ila-
waiian canned pineapples is explained
| by the fact that the fruit is allowed to
| ripen on the plant. The fiber of pine
apple leaves is of great strength and
about eighteen inches long. About sev.
enty pounds can be obtained from
ton of leaves. 1t is hoped that a mar.
Set can lie found for this fiber. Vine.
gar of excellent quality can be made
from pineapple juice, much of which is
! now wasted, but much of which is ut
present utilized more profitably in the
production of sirup. The stumps of the
plants contain nearly ms much starch
as potatoes and cassava, but it is n
question yet whether the starch can be
extracted profitably.
The native rubber tree, Euphorbia
lorifolia, has been found to have only
small percentage of rubber in the
lateX, but fifty per cent or more of
resin, which is essentially the same as
the chicle which is used in the manu-
facture of chewing gum. From sixty
TO seventy cents a pound has been of
fered for this, and there is prospect
that it win be produced on consid-
cradle scale in the near future.
Possibilities of Kukui Nut.
Studies of the kukm nut show that
| 900 barrels or more of oil of a very
superior quality can be produced an.
nually, and several factories for its
production are tcmplated The nuts
are believed to ave a value for oil
production of about one cent pound
and for fertilzer of one-half cent a
pound. The tree grows abundantly in
the mountains.
The increased demand for beef has
called attention to the necessity of
raising more forage crops, and during
the last year number of modern silos
of large capacity have been constructed
for the preservation OF cane tops, corn,
| legumes aud other forage crops.
The life history of the poultry eye
worm, which was unknown before, has
! f'''N NhlNAAA AfAlF ANN NARN NV lhlu ~
the eve, washed into the throat with
the tears, passed out into the soil and
there hntchod, The young worms, after
remaining Ia the soil much of their
| lives gain direct entrance into the eye.
The worm, il has been found, can be
readily destroyed by the use of five
per cent solution of crooline
The study of papayas has been con.
/ iinued, with "a view 10 obtaining self
| fcrtilo varieties OF fixed superior quail.
| Ties, with much success in these direc.
| tons
An examination has been made Of the
| thousand ur more varieties uf hibiscus
which have been originated here, and
ai5 of lho hcst have boon selected and
| lesl rhri
A minute reg parasite, arrIdftialN
/ intro lurrIi hHs proved very effective
rnrmf ip lhr algurohl hpau NrrYll
/ Ihr HlpHlUhn puis ufr uoW hung manu-.
/ WrWfHl into muHl, which constitutes
| "a Hup lnT food fnr livestock
49,
Az ihf loco nf lnll thr usi mmb m
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