Iditarod pioneer., 1913-10-11
AGUlNALDO
Former Filipino Rebel Is Now Peaceful
 Farmer and Manufacturer

Aguinaldo erstwhile rebel leader, en- gagged in farming and in the manufacture of special brand of hemp braid for hats, is the enticing picture of Philippine indus trial conditions drawn by J. c. Muerman, formerly division school superintendent of Cebu, P. l., now rural school specialist in the United States bureau of education. Aguinaldos peaceful pursuit is typical of the change that has taken place in the Philippines during the past few years.
 Mr Muerman describes entertainlngly the islands since the day the first American teachers disembarked from the United States transport Thomas, a dozen years ago Unhampered by academic tradition, and face to face with problems of educa- ton that were as big as civilization itself, these educators and those who followed them have gradually developed system of Filipino schools under Filipino teachers hat is rapidly transforming the social and industrial life of the islands.
 Compulsory industrial training, fitted for the needs of everyday Filipino life, IS the most distinctive feature of the island schools The Amercans have carefully stud led the possibilities of the valuable raw materials abundantly at hand in the islands, and are able to show the Filipinos how to make the most of them. Every Filipino schoolboy is required to do cer- tain amount of work with native woods and fbers; every one must learn to till the soil by actually doing it in the school garden and in a plat of his own, and every Filipino schoolgirl is taught certain essen tials of sewing and other home making arts All the children in the schools are obliged to pass through ths period of ele- mentary training in the everyday tasks of life.
 Most insignificant in the scheme of in dustral education is the recent establish ment of the Philippine school of house hold industries Two hundred women from different parts of the islands were brought together at Manila shown how to adapt their native skill in embroidery and lace making to the demands of foreign mar kets, and then sent back to their homes their own communities. The government has established a sales agency to dispose of the commodities thus produced, and so far the demand has greatly exceeded the sup ply. One Filipino woman who was trained in the new school has 500 women work ing under her and is receiving from firms in the United States orders for thousands of embroidered shirt waists and handker- chiefs. The beautiful Pima cloth, made from pineapples, is one product to which special attention is paid. Before the Amer ican came this cloth sold for from 10 to 50 cents yard the demand for it is now such that 1t brings from $50 to s a yard.
 "The hardest thing American teachers in the Philippines have to contend with" says Mir. Muerman, lis the American spirit of buste The American is in too much haste. He wants to get everything done at once. He tries to overtUrn in few weeks the traditions of centuries. And yet, coming into country where the ideal tends to be that of manana-never do to- day what you can by any possibility put off till tomorrow has really made astonishing headway in transforming the Philippines into a country of today, where things move with something like American hurry The old folks shake their heads and sigh for the good old times, but the young people, boys and girls alike, are glad to take advantage of the more eff cient methods They play American games and accept the educational opportunities offered them with equal adaptability and it IS through them that the new Filipino civilization is making its way irresistibly
 "Agunialdo with his hemp weaving and agriculture may be less heroic figure than the willy general who for so long eluded the American armies, just as clean streets and city high schools somehow make less noise in the concert of the powers than the roar of guns in Manila bay; but when the real history of humanity is written it can scarcely leave untold the story of the unselhsh efforts of America to carry the light of education to the Philippines"
 HAIRED HORSES
 An eyneriment in the raiSinp of horses iS