Iron County record. [volume] (Cedar City, Utah) 1893-1982, 1913-07-25

without laying them down IN winter
the young shoots should have the tops
pinched out of them when they are
about fifteen 10 twenty ipches hiek
Laying them down in winter IL always
cheap insurance.
Varieties should be limited. Pests
and diseases are usually not present
or they are readily controlled.
currants.
The currant must have moist, cool
SOIL The best results are got on n
strong clay loan or even on stiff
clay IL II Is In good state Of cultiva
ton. A cool northern exposur, is best,
and comparatively low, moiys ground.
with some shade. will often be most
desirable Planting among orchard
trees Is practicable.
A dozen plants will furnish sufficient
fruit for the ordinary family. They
should not be set out along fence rows
and allowed to grow up In weeds and
grass. Large quantities of barnyard
manure should be worked into the site
before and after setting the plants
Plants.
Currants can be grown from seed,
but the method is not used except by
the plant breeder. Plants are usually
procured from nurserymeD
The plants used are grown from cut
tings Of the ripened wood or from lay.
erings. The cuttings are made from
the current seasons wood In August
or September after the leaves have
fallen. These are made seven or
eight inches long and are planted In
we'll prepared garden soil. with only
an inch above ground, four inches
apart. In rows three feet apart. ny
winter root growth will have started.
and In the spring they will start of
and grow strongly. They should he
kept we'll cultivated In the growing
season to conserve the moisture They
are sometimes planted when one year
old. but the best results will he OBJ.
tanned by allowing them to grow tor
two seasons before setting.
The branches may be rooted by
bending them down and covering with
soil. leavihg the tips exposed. After
one season they should be cut loose
lifted and grown In nursery rows for
one season before being planted out.
They are also layered successfully by
cutting OF the clump. encouraging as
many young shoots as possible and
then mounding soil 10 and about them
to height OF eight or ten inches.
Planting.
In large plantations the best plan Is
the check system. Use single plant
to esta blish hill and plant q by q feet
Tor pest results. Where cOhtinuOus
rows are used the plants should stand
3ls or 4 by O feet.
Cultivation and Mulching.
The cu-rant must not be cultivated
deeply. for 1t Is shallow rooted plant
The necessary moisture must be Inain
tanned by continual surface cultivation
or by mulching..
Ashes. sawdust. straw and manure
are used for mulching. Hardwood
sawdust. IL not worked into the soil. rs
probably the best. Apply to depth
OF several inches Manure is good and
tends TO keep supply OF plant food
always at hand The best method Of
mulching Is to confine the application
to the hills and within the row. where
the continuous row IL used. The space
between the rows In cultivated.
Pruning and Thinning.
The plants probably produce the best
fruit and the larger portion or 1t on
the two and three year old wood.
In practical deld culture four &c
eight main stems are allowed to devei.
op. aud q system OF renewing by cut
ting out the wood over three years old
Is followed. The greater part Of the
fruit Is borne near the base OF the
shoots For this reason II Is advaD
tageous to nip back the growing shoots
In the summer season when they have
reached about eighteen inches
Harvesting and Marketing.
The currants. II to be sold. should
never be stripped when one Is picking
The stems OF the punches should be
Clearly severed from the branches
The fruit is said 10 make better Jelly
when picked Just as the currants are
ripenlng and while the fruits on the
tips Of the lunches are green.
Winter Protection.
Cnrrants will usually be sufficiently
protected In the northwest II the
branches are simply gathered up and
tied In bundle.
Pests and Diseases.
The greatest pests OF the currant are
the currant worm. currant borer, leaf
spot and mlldew. Directions for con
trolling them may be obtained from