davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

sense, the girls were obliged to step up
wards before forcing the treadle down,
instead of having gravity to help In a di-
rect downward motion.
Readings of the thermometer and hy-
grometer showed also the great heat and
humidity in the workrooms arising from
the gas-heated cylinders and the steam
of wet linen. Everyone knows by expe-
rience-what science has proved expert
mentally-how much more quickly we tire
on a hot and humid day, than when the
atmosphere is dry and moderate.
Not only do we more quickly feel tired,
we are tired. Our powers flag. This IL
because with great rise in external
temperature and humidity, our bodily
temperature rises feverish condition
results; pathological or abnormal poisons
are generated within us in addition to
the normal fatigue poisons created during
the process of work. when the individ-
ual is endeavoring to labor in an atmos-
phere at a high temperature and a high
humidity said Prof. F. S. Lee recently
in a memorable address, "he has to con-
tend not only with his normal fatigue
substance, but with the pathological sub
stances that result from the peculiar
condition of his labor. Normal and path
illogical fatigue substances are here pres
ent in solution in an over-heated body If
they are toxic at normal degrees of tenn
perature, their toxiclty is more pro-
nouneed at higher degrees, and in propor-
ton as mechanical work is performed
and internal temperature rises the more
is working power lessened.'
I emphasize the writer's last words, for
the realization that these things lessen
working power-the heat and humidity,
the excess pressure, the high treadles-is
a step towards their suppression The
first fruits of the Milwaukee report are
already seen In the rules and recommen-
dations of the Wisconsin state industrial
commission. These are drawn up in con-
ference with, and with the full approval
of the Milwaukee laundrymen serving on
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
ThirtySeuen Killed IN Terrible Ita1ia, Vendetta

cassa faction wers prompt. The day
after Andrea was killed, old Giovannan-
tonic Corraine disappeared When his
children went to the well to draw water
they drew out his corpse. The Corraines
duly retaliated. Theif victim was
young herdsman employed by the Cos
sus. The Cossus declared he had been
chosen because he knew of the part play
ed by the Corraines in Andrea Cossu's
death. Soon afterwards the courts con-
demned three Corraine partisans named
Devaddio, Rama and Pletro Mexen, as
murderers of Andrea Cossu, to long terms
of penal servitude. This trial was con-
sidered by the Corraines as a triumph
as they made out that the murderers
were no friends of theirs. but ordinary
criminals whom Andres had surprised in
the act of cattle stealing.
When this trial was going on the ven
detta broke out with exceptional fury
Numerous persons were killed. On the
last DAY of the trial was murdered
Giuseppe Succu, brother of the Antonio
Sucou, who had married contemptuous
Maria Cossu. The murderers fired from
an ambush. They shot also at Antonio
and missed and they wounded his serv-
ant. After this the Cossus and Corraines
and their retainers made raids all over
TIE countryside shooting and knitting
every one they suspected of belonging
to the enemy Murders occurred over 800
square miles of territory, stretching to
the town of Ortelli and the cantonal capt
tai, Nuoro. 1t became dangerous even
not to take sides. A stranger journeyman
tailor was held up at night by the Cossu
faction. (Which side do you belong. to?"
asked the Cossus. ''To neither 'Then
prepare to die II belong to your side
ITO which side, Cossu or Corraine?" The
tailor hesitated and made desperate
guess. ITO Corraine." A couple of bull
let's through his body was the answer
The tailor was left for dead: but recov-
ered
So far the vendetta was carried out on
strictly correct principles. Neither side
got permanent advantage in the tale
of blood. Each side after 1t had done
its murder made no attempt to do an
other; but declared itself satisfied. The
other side however, held that one more
murder was necessary to even things up,
and it duly murdered some one. The num-
ber of murders on both sides would have
been entirely equal had not the Cossu
faction on several occasions killed or
wounded more than one Corraine at a
time.
The Corraines now set themselves to
even things up. Their leaders Giovanni
Corraine, Onorato Succu Ga relative of the
suecus in the rival camp Domenico Moro
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

and Musu took to the mountains outside
Orgosola with vow to slaughter every
person who bore the Cossu name, or
was in any way connected with the Co.'S
sus. Three Cossu partisans were assassi-
mated without the Corraines getting
chance to retalate. The Cossus in force
made a raid into the-mountains. but failed
to find any Corraines. After this the
cowherd, Caretta Succu, employed by the
Cossus, was shot dead in his cabin. His
13-year-old sister was found lying be-
side him with 10 bullets in her body, but
not dead Salvatore More who started
to seek vengeance for the Cossus. was
next shot. and wounded At this point
exhaustion showed itself Attempts were
made to reconcile the survivors. Both
sioes gave the same answer: I'VE will
be reconciled when our dead arise" The
vendetta started again with the death of
Antonio Podda, brother CT the Epidio
Podda who committed the first murder
in the vendetta. Antonio was shot dead
as he was carrying Easter cakes to the
herdsmen in the hills.
All this went on In easy indiffer-
ence to the law The authorities in
East Sardinia have only handful of
gendarmes. Hence for the first 2O1mur-
ders there were only three trials. Neither
side wanted the help of the authorities.
The tradition is that, however much the
vendetta factions hate one another, they
are united In common hatred of the inter-
meddllng police One of the Cossus who
had been shot at by a Corralne in the
- hal, g,.o1
to catch his enemy. Il shall finish him
off alone" was his reply. The author-
ties next came to the decision that whole
sale deportation of the Corraines from Or
gosola was the only solution. They car
ried Off to Nuoro % Corraines including
the families of the outlaws in the noun
tains. They later carried off 90-odd Co.'S
sus. The faetionists who stayed behind
kept quiet. They calculated that the au-
thorities would consider the vendetta at
an end, and send back the exiles at
Nuoro. The authorities did not fall into
the trap. After three weeks peace two
small Cossu boys, one of them a Succu
by name, were kidnapped by the Cor
ranes. 1t is believed that they have
been butchered. And another Cossu fac
Zionist, Antonio Mercu, was murdered
within few minutes walk of Orgosola
town.
The vendetta during the past month has
been raging fierceiy. The Corraines in the
In the middle of October. two Cossultes,
Giuseppe Succu Podda and his brother,
Giovanni, together with a hired man,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
SAW A GOAT SMOKE
Central Park Visitor Led by Strange
Sight to Fear He Had Delusions

Bob Hurton assistant keeper of the
zoo in Central park, was entering the
lion house the other afternoon. when a
young man staggered across the walk and
leaned against him for support, says the
New York Times.
Whats the troube?" Hurton asked.
II think I have seen something. l
should have DOCTOR" the agitated vis-
itor said.
The young man explained then that, un-
less he had been the victim of an Illusion.
Hurton was needed behind the animal
house
Have the elephants broken loose?'
Hurton asked
NO." the visitor said But I think
saw a goat smoking a cigar
On the way to the lot back of the
elephant house Hurton met Bill Snyder,
the head keeper.
whats this | hear about a SMOKING
goat?" Hurton asked his chief.
Snyder was perpeXed by the question.
but with Hurton, he followed the visitor
who had discovered the geological phe-
nomenon.
In the lot was Perfecto. a large ram.
presented to the menageries several day
ago by the manager of n circus. Per-
fecto was standing in the center of the
inclosure. There was far away looi.
upon his face. and he was holding in his
mouth hall of a cigar. In telling the story
later, Snyder said that the cigar was burn
ing and that Perfecto was putting away
at it, in evident enjoyment. Snyder took
one look at the goat and then he felt in
the pocket of his vest, where he usually
carries his cigars. The pocket was empty
"You thief" he cried. shaking fist al
the goat
He remembered petting Perfecto just
few minutes before. and he was of the
opinion that the goat had stolen his cigar.
The animal, he explained, had been named
Perfecto because of his fondness for to-
bacco. He had been taught to smoke by
the employees OF the circus.
But, Bill, how did he get a light?
Hurton asked.
That's nothing said Snyder. You
remember in 1910 the case of the weeping
grampus--'
But Bob had fled
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
High Shoes for Ball Players

Boston, December Especial )-High
shoes will supplant the low shoes which
are now worn by major league ball play
ers. if President Comlskey OF the Chi
cago White Sox has his way. writes a
Chicago correspondent of the Shoe Re-
taller. Many sprained ankles and foot
injuries could be prevented by a return
to the old fashioned footgear, he be-
lieves.
Returning from Kansas City. where he
made inspection OF the Giants and
White Sox world tourists, President CO.
miskey declared that First Baseman Hal
chase's injury, sprained ankle, would
not have been suffered had the player
been wearing other than the regulation
low shoes. The low shoe came into vogue
when players arrived at the conclusion
that the high tops prev nted speed In
base running.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
w A S T E d w O r X

Exclusive Service The Survey Press
I INNATE in most of US is the dislike
of waste. 1t offends us. Throwing
food away for instance. is obnox-
ious to most persons normally inclined
Worse than waste Of matter is waste of
energy, waste of human effort. 1t does
more than offend, it outrages.
The girls who operate laundry machin-
cry, bearing down with all their weight
upon the foot treadles of the 'body-iron-
ers'' and presses" work hard. How
hard tested scale showed in the latest
government investigation of women's
work. For 10 hours day they expended
about 100000 pounds foot pressure per
hour. This is not guess work, it is arith-
metic the scale showed at certain ma
chimes 100 pounds pressure at each tread
of the girl operators. They made 16 treads
per minute.
The test was tried in Milwaukee, where
Miss Obenauer of the federal bureau of
labor statistics Investigated 81 power
laundries in cooperation with the state
industrial commission of Wisconsin. Nor
is this an extreme statement Conditions
described in Milwaukee can be found in
most towns. and cities throughout the
country. Milwaukee was chosen as the
object of study because it is more repre-
sentative of the industry as whole than
the great railway centers or seaport cities
where the ebb and flow of traffic causes
marked fluctuations in trade. The results
of the study appear in bulletin 122 of the
United States bureau of labor statistics
Eight physicians TO whom the records
op the cuff-presses and body-iro.vsrs were
submitted, were unanimous in thinking
the work detrimental to health. ten
dency to create pelvic disorders or spinal
n ,a f1trn toe 1,, -.
Now If the Milwaukee investigation
had done no more than record these pres
sures accurately, service would have
been r,ndered. But 1t did more. Far
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

the subcommittee appointed to recon-
mend feasible standards of safety and
sanitation The requirement, among
others. of heat defiectors, lined with nom
conductible material, and of exhaust fans
is to remedy the atmospheric conditions
of work The recommendation of a plat
form on all one way, single-treadle body
ironers is to avoid the necessity of STEP
ping upward onto the treadle The rec
commentator as to minimum foot pres
sures reads as follows:
THE proprietors and foremen of laun-
dries should do everything In their power
to educate operators of cuff, necKbana
and yoke presses to use the minimum
amount of foot pressure necessary to do
proper work 1t has been found from
careful experiments made by competent
laundry men that rs pounds is the max
imum amount of pressure necessary to
do perfect work on any of the above
mentioned machines. Additional pres
sure is, therefore, not only a waste of
the operators energy, but a needless
wear on the machinery"
Doubtless, in the future the installa-
tion of machines operated by COM
pressed air. now on the market. will re-
place the foot treadle machines. But at
present the cost of installation appears
to be still prohibitive. Proper repairs
and the abandonment of the most
heavy running machinery are also rec
ommended In the report. 1t would not
appear impossible to go further than the
Wisconsin commission has gone and de-
wise a gauge which might be perma-
nently attached to the machine and
show at each tread when the required
pressure has been exerted.
But the essential thing is that a new
scrutiny of waste has been made-and
with the simplest appliances of science
scale, foot rule and thermometers
Other valuable suggestions are brought
up in the report, such as the possibility
of alternating or interchanging occu-
pations. The hardest work In the Mil
waukee laundries was found to be In
no way differentiated from the easiest
Pay and hours were found practically
the same at the exactng gas heated
foot treadle machines, and at unheated
power driven machines in another de-
partment, requiring no muscular ef-
fort whatever.
In bringing out these facts dispas-
sionately the Milwaukee report is OF
more than local or passing account. 1t
strikes a deeper chord. For work that
is unnecessary, work that is wholly un-
directed, work that exhausts Is waste
from which the mind instinctively re-
coils and for which 1t demands a rem
edy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
TIED AND GAGGED HIS VICTIM
c. w. Carter, Street Car Conductor,
Robbed Within so Feet of His Home

Kansas City. December 13.--CSpeeial)
c. w. Carter, a street car conductor,
nearing his home at 27o1 Stewart ave-
nue., Kansas side, at 7:90 o'clock at night
with his pay envelope. met a highway
man who had ideas of his own on the
proper execution of highway robbery.
Tho first command to hold up his hands
Mr. Carter did not take seriously Wasn't
he within so feet of his own home?
But the stranger produced revolver.
I've got you under arrest" he con-
ided. Now come along with me-
Mr.. Carter obeyed, puzzled. but unhes-
itatingly. The stranger conducted him
down a dark alley to a point his high
wayman instinct told him was quite prop
er for a deed of felony.
Hold your hands very still and very
high" cautioned the stranger He pock-
eted in turn Mr., Carter's pay envelope
with $SS, a Metropolitan changer with
81 in coins and s. or SO in loose change
from the conductors pockets. He reached
for Mr.. Carters gold watch.
Here the conductor plucked up courage
to observe mournfully, That's cheap
watch"
Thanks. don't want it, then" the high
wayman answered. Now lie down on
your stomach"
Mr.. Carter fattened himself on the all
ieyWay.
Raise your hands above your back"
Mr. Carter brought his hands together.
The highwayman bound them deftly with
a hemp cord. Then he persuaded Mr..
Carter to draw his feet up close to the
hands and he tied the feet.
"Open your mouth"
Mr. Carter opened his mouth In went
a gag made out of a woman's stocking
and the neckband of a woman's dress.
Don't move till you count 500"
Mr.. Carter had time to count a good
deal farther than 500 before he moved
perceptibly. Then he worked hand free.
Thirty minutes later he carried a wom-
ans stocking and the neckband into police
headquarters
"Suspicionsl The highwayman was .
married man." the police asserted deduc-
lively.
Carter is a conductor on the Twenty
seventh street-Chelsea park line He is
47 years old. He said the bandit was
about 40. The police argued that the high
wayman's conduct showed inexperience.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

went to San Mela, a town y miles from
Orgosola, where they breed pigs. They
did not return. All three were found dead
in the pigsties, cut almost to pieces. The
Corraines are supposed to have found
their victims asleep to have butchered
them and thrown them to the pigs.
That is the last event in the ven-
dette to date. There has been 1ull OF
three weeks. But experience shows that
Orgosola makes up for its lulls with
double batch of murders: and the next
blood act Is rot far off.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

y ONE, December 18.-tspecial3
TX Italy is in trouble over murderous
= = orgosola. orgosola has a ven
delta which has wiped 81 men, women
and children out of existence; and the
end Is not yet. In despair at catching
the murderers, the police lately kidnapped
20 adherents of the faction, and 30 per-
sons of the rival clan, but the murders
are going on all the same. OF all the
vendettas on record the most ferocious
is this between the Cossus and corraincs
of Orgosola.
orgosola is in Cardinal. Cardinia 10
the Island of Hate. and Orgosoa is the
most wretched, illiterate, ruthless town
in the Island of Hate. 1t lies in the
east of the island, 20 miles from the
sea. Seventy per cent of its adults are
illiterate. Scores of such town-villages
lie scattered over Sardinia, Sicily and
Calabria.
The vendetta began with the death oc
Diego Moro Moro was rich; that is he
had farm and numerous cows. He
left two-thirds of his goods to his niece,
Giovanna, married to certain Cossu:
and third to his nephew, Giovannanto-
MO Corraine. Giovannantonio believed
that Moro had left boards of coined
money. AS no money was found he con-
cluded the Cossus had stolen it, TO
square matters he sent his son, Carmine
Corraine, to propose marriage to Maria,
daughter of Giovanna Cossu. Maria
laughed at Carmine and married An
10niD tHot
Relatives, friends, even outsiders took
sides, and dirty, Indifferent Orgosola be-
came witch's kettle of deviltry
Orgosola's first victims were cattle. The
Cossus' cattle were found dead The
Cossus suspected Giovannantonio Cor
raine and his son, Carmine, and when
Carmine was driving sheep to winter at
San Veru Mills he was shot dead by
Epidio Podda, Giovanna Cossu's nephew.
If Carmine's father Govannantonio,
had been good Orgosolan he would
have obeyed the vendetta law and mur-
dered Podda. Instead-confident in JUS
tice-he handed over Podda to the po-
lice. Podda was tried at Oristano and
acquitted on the ground that he acted
in self defense. This scandalized the
Corraines. All of them, with relatives,
friends and even outsiders, swore ven
seance.
The Corraines' first victim was Andrea.
son of Giovanna Cossu, and brother of
contemptuous Maria. Andrea was found
dead with bullet through his heart his
throat cut, and his thick Sandman skull
knocked to bits with heavy stones. Some
body had tried to burn his corpse. The
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14
Hard to Please

from the London Telegraph.
A good story is told of Provost Haw-
kins, an old don of Oriel college, Oxford.
who was never happy unless he could fine
some fault to critcise in the undergrad-
uate who came before him. Among other
things the record of chapel attendance
was always on Hawkins table ready to
be referred TO for praise or blame.
One day when student, who was an
Oriel man, was before him. the provost
consulted the record.
"I observe. Mr. King" he said. that
you have never missed single chapel.
morning or evening. during the whole
term"
He paused, but instead OF a word of
praise, which might reasonably have been
expected he continued severely:
II must warn you, Mr.. King. that even
too regular attendance at chapel may de-
velop into Journalism.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

could never have argued into their minds
in a century: that threat of civil war
from the orthodox opposition means less
to any government than a definite move
toward the source of national wealth by
the people. That little fact. and the
seizing. of the first opportunity by the
priests to aid Murphy. and the pathetic
vacuity of the nationalist members of
Parliament who became comatose at
once when their minds tried to under
stand what was going on caused the first
glimmer of light to show to the Irish peo-
pie which they have seen since '9S. Now
they are recalling that when they died
by hundreds of thousands through a po-
tato famine in the forties. In the year
when the famine was at it's height and
they were filing the bitches with dead
and starved bodies, S225. 600, 900 ole agricul-
tural produce was exported from Ireland.
No church. no nationalist politician how
ever eloquent, and not even a rebellion
in Ulster with wooden guns, will be able
to switch off that light.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1913-12-14

able attribute of his. which drew the at
tention of all the logical and comproms-
ing folk of the United Kingdom, and in
stantly the working classes everywhere
stood up to watch him. This was busi-
ness.
But because Larlin really made things
happen actually did things, instead of ad-
dressing rotund and patriotic oratory to,
nationalsts, just as Carson drilled men
with wooden guns, Larkin became auto
matically the enemy of priests. party pol
itioians, landlords and money makers
that is, of the friends of the government
You see at once that If Larkin was con-
trolling the working folk, then conse-
quently they were really out of the con-
troll of those who find it good and profit
able to control them. That would never
do. SO Larlsin was sent to Jail. The
charge against him was so Incredibly
thin-particularly when contrasted with
Carsons unpunishable crime against the
King and the state-that trade unionists
and workers saw instantly what theorists
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-10-29
REV. DR.. FORBES IS DEAD
Well Known Methodist Divine Expires
at Duluth.

at Duluth.
After an illness from complication
Of diseases of four weeks duration
Rev. DR.. Robert Forbes, aged seventy,
one Of the corresponding secretaries
Of the board of home missions and ex.
tension work of the Methodist church.
with headquarters at Philadelphia,
died at Graham hospital at Duluth.
DR.. Forbes was taken i'll at Eugene,
Ore, while making his annual tour Of
the conferences he served. He was
we'll known in Minnesota, where he
had been prominently identified with
religious work for many years.
Before assuming the pastorate OF
the Asbury Methodist church at Du.
luth, which he held for six years, he
was pastor of the First Methodist
church at Minneapolis and the Jack.
son street and Central Park churches
OF st Paul. He was district superin.
tendent Of the Duluth district for about
ok years and was appointed to the
position he held at the time OF his
death by the board Of bishops eleven
years ago.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1913-10-29
DULUTH MAN DEAD AT FRISCO
Succumbs to Wounds inflicted by
Woman.

Succumbs to Wounds inflicted by
Woman.
Joseph D. Van Baalen, a Duluth
advertising solicitor, who was shot
at San Francisco recently by Miss
Leah Alexander, who said he Tilted
her, Is dead.
Miss Alexander chatted and laugh
ed with young woman friend at the
city prison.
by the way, how's Van?" she ask
ed.
The visitor lowered her gaze and
the prisoner guessed the truth.
Its not true; it's not true" she
cried and became hysterical The
police say she will be charged with
murder.
Van Baalen's body will be sent to
his parents in Duluth by the Order
of Elks.