davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
Crossing Corn Strains Increases Yield
FrOm3O to $50 Per Cent, Declare Experts
Worked Long and Patiently Hybridzing Grain No More
Acreage Expense Entailed in New Scientific Method

Think Of from 30 to $50 per cent
increase in yield as a result of cross
ing strains of corn! Is il not very
much worth while for farmers to take
notice? If even less than 80 per cent
gain were made as a result, what IN
enormous gain to the farmer and
that, too, without more work, more
fertilizer or greater acreage planted!
Since the year 1876 Professor w. ].
Beal Of the Michigan Agricultural
College, has been demonstrating the
fact that the first generation of hy-
birds has increased yields of corn
More recently other demonstrators
have shown, beyond peradventure,
that from 80 to $50 per cent can be
obtained from planting hybrids, or
one-year crosses, over planting pure
strains alone.
So high has been piled the testi-
mony of facts that no one has a right
TO doubt. 1t remains only for the
farmer to apply. This he can do with
very little trouble. When the farm
er does make use of this little trick
which the scientist has taught him,
his wealth in corn, his cost of fatten-
ing hogs or beef, will stand at a much
more favorable figure than at pres
ent.
Vigor Only Temporary.
While working Ions and painstak-
ingly on hybridizing or crossing corn,
the scientists discovered important
limitations and facts which ii is well
for the farmer to know If he is to
make a success of his seed plats The
first of these is that while crossing
adds vigor it is only temporary. The
greatest increase in vigor Is in the
first generation crosses. While a
greater yield can be obtained by
planting the seed of the crosses or
hybrids for two or three years than
can be obtained from planting a sin
gle pure strain, yet the wiser policy
would be to return to original strains
after planting one crop of hybrid
seeds. This means that for the first
year the two strains can be planted
together in the same row. This will
increase the yield the first year, but
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
SENT FREE TO MEN
A Most Pleasing Remedy given
to Quickly Restore
Lost Vitality.
A Free Trial Treatment Sent
by Mail To All Who Write.

Free trial treatments Of Enerytfa. a most
pleasing remedy. are being mailed 70 all men
Who write 90 Dr. John s. Howell So many who
had battled for years against the mental and
physical suffering Of weakness have witt
ten thanking him for the great benefit received.
therefore. Dr. Howell has decided TO send free
trial treatments 10 all men who write. II is a
home treatment and all who suffer with any
form Of weakness. resulting from youthful folly.
premature loss u strength and memory. weak
back lack OF vitality and confidence can now
receive this strength giving treatment at home.
The treatment has a peculiar grateful effect
Of warmth and seems to act direct % the de-
sired location. promoting strength and develop
mtut just where Il Is needed. Il is given 70
relieve the Ills and troubles that come from
years N misuse " the natural functions, and
has met with remarkable success, even In cases
approaching advanced age. A request TO John
s. Howell. NJ d. Suite 1921. Auditorium
Building. Cincinnati. Ohio. stating that you de-
sire one Of his free trial packages. viii be com
piled with promptly.
Ia is DESTROYS OF reaching that great class Of
men who are unable 70 leave home 70 be
treated. and the free sample Will enable them
20 see how easy it Is to successfully treat man
weakness when the proper remedies are en-
pl0ygd. Dr. Howell makes no restrictions.
ANY man who writes VIII he sent a free sample
and literature carefully sealed In a plain pack
age, so that YOU need have 40 fear Of eInbar-
rassmeut publicity. Readers are requested 70
write without delay
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
B. & 0. Year Earnings
Exceed SlOO,OOO,O0O
Gross Sets New Record; Net Re-
duced by Flood Damage-7.12
Per Cent for Common.

The year ended June 80 was a ban
ner one for the Baltimore and Ohio,
earnings exceeding $1OO0OO,O 600 for
the first time. But flood damage de-
creased the net by $498,6S7. Surplus
after all charges and dividends
amounted approximately to $780,
900, a decrease Of about $780, 900
Although the estimate to overcome
the physical damage done by the
flood was 100000, some permanent
work will incur further charges of
over $1,000,O0O
Gross operating income amounted
to SOL, sos, an increase Of $S,947, 20
$50. Earnings available for dividends
on the common stock were equal to
7.12 per cent, compared with 7.58 per
cent in the previous year
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
New Canadian Charter
Rouses Much Talk.

DETROIT, July 19.-The charter OF
the Canadian branch Of the United
States Steel Corporation, copies Of
which have been received here, grants
that company an absolute monopoly
of the Canadian steel business if the
new concern desires to establish
Itself in control
One section expressly grants the
right to absorb any and all other
companies engaging wholly or in part
in the steel business 1t may buy
timber lands and engage in the man
ufaCture of wooden products.
It may construct roads, build
bridges and water transportation lines
with depOts, docks and all other IA
cilities for operation. 1t may own
and operate electric and gas plants
and telephone systems. It may build
and own cars and in fact. do every
thing except build railroads.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20

weeks. chances are against yield
equaling the record of two years ago.
Bears, however, think they see pos
sibility of the belt setting a new rec
ord in the number Of bales, while
outlook is for good quality
There is small activity in the spot
department, although sales in this
market have been fairly large for
midsummer The unsold stock here
is small and only a few buyers are
here, but scattering orders are com
ing from spinners. Receipts are small.
but stocks in the aggregate at count
ed towns are larger than they were
year ago. Quotations are holding
steady and middling ranges from IL
cents to u ZIG.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
By CHARLES A. WHITTLE.
Georgia State College of Agriculture.

when the seed from the cross or by
bird crop is planted the subsequent
crop will be still larger In yield and
production of fodder.
Returning to the original strain aft
er the hybrid seed has been used one
year, of course can be easily done, if
the farmer will maintain seed plats
where the pure strains are kept sep
arate from other strains.
Same Variety Should Be Used.
The second important fact about
making crosses is that only unrelated
strains of the same variety should De
used and not two distinct varieties.
Unrelated strains of the same kind Of
corn can be obtained from different
parts of the State or from different
States for crossing purposes. What
one needs to be certain of, however,
is that the seed he is obtaining from
elsewhere has been kept pure Re
liable seed producers who know how
to maintain pure strain, of course,
are to be looked to rather than 70
the indiscriminate grower for the
strains in making a cross.
These two important facts are as
essential to success as the main dis
covery of the effect Of crossing. To
keep planting the seed of a hybrid
corn because 1t produced a large yield
at one time, in the light of investl-
cation, would prove foolish. This is
too often a common practice of farm
ers
Keep the pure strains strong and
vigorous by seed selection and the
hybrid fields will take care of them
selves as to yields and slower. Any
farmer can perfect his seed corn and
add greatly to its yielding power by
well-known methods of seed seleC-
ton. The termination test is fore
most as a means for determining
the vigor and potential yielding pow
er of the grains taken from a given
ear of corn. Plant ten grains of
corn from an ear in a sand box
where moisture and proper temper
allure are maintained. In a few days
the green sprouts will have ap-
peared. Examine and see how many
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
the ten grains terminated.

Of the ten grains terminated.
II eight or nine did, the ear can
be said TO have strong terminating
power, and that it can produce a
thrifty. good yielding plant. The re-
mainder of the ear can then be
planted in the seed bed. If the seed
plat is kept away from other plats
that are growing different strains or
varieties, then a strong, pure strain
of corn is assured. To add to the
strength of the pure strain, it is the
custom Of the seed breeder to detas-
sic every other plant This leaves
the stalk that has been detasseled to
be fortified by another plant. rath-
er than by itself
Aids Production Power.
This has been shown to add to
the producing power of the plant.
The corn from the detassled stalks,
of course, is the grain for planting
in the seed plats next year. The
seed from the stalks not detassled
and all grain from the tasseled
stalks which is not required for
maintaining the seed plat, can be
planted in the general field after
being mixed with similar corn taken
from another plat. Thus mixed a
hybrid plant is produced of the great
est possible yielding power.
Thus is seen that it is no difficult
matter to breed up strains Of corn
and to make hybrid crosses for larg-
est field yields. Any farmer can do
it. In fact no other one can do it
so well for a given farm as the
farmer himself. When he grows his
own seed he knows whether or not
proper care has been taken to keep
the strains pure and strong. He has
also made use of strains of corn that
have become adjusted to the eli
mate, soil and conditions In general
Of the farm. In other words, he is
taking fewest chances when he does
all this work himself. And it is not
a large amount of work 1t requires
very little time. The interest it will
arouse as well as the yields it will
increase will make of it a fascinat-
ing work for any intelligent farmer.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
Paper Market Is
Puzzle to Handlers
Difficult to Estimate Demand for
Mercantile Notes, and Buy
ers Are "Whininq."

NEW YORK, July 19.-Commercial
paper is moving in strange channels.
The market is "whimmy." Handlers
of mercantile paper can form no esti-
mate from day to day of the demand
for their commodity One day the
buying is large, then for a protracted
spell the purchasing is nil.
Further to entangle the situation
extraordinary and ineXplicable dis
elimination is being shown by insu-
tutions to certain best names to the
detriment of others equally as good.
As the representative of a prominent
house put it, there is no telling what
the upshot will be.
With standard houses unable to get
money to finance their current ship
ments. prolongation of debts follows
or, failing that liquidation is precipi-
tated.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
EARNINGS OF U. S. STEEL
ABOVE DIVIDEND NEEDS

NEW YORK. July 19-The United
States Steel Corporation according to
a sewi-annual statement Just issued
during the first half Of 1913 earned
sufficient money TO meet the half
yearly requirements Of 3i6 per cent on
preferred and 2ih per cent on common
stock Nv more than 217.80O 900
There was a surplus at the end Of
mcuts " s. go 600 and there viii be "A
Surplus of SO. A21 600 based upon the
estimated earnings Of S37. 500 OO0 for
the second quarter.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20
AMMONIA RoMRs usEn-

Ammonia bombs are being tried out
on some Of the national forests for the
purpose Of eXtinguishing forest fires
They are said to have worked well in
the case of brush fires where the fire.
fighters find difficulty in getting near
enough to the burning area 10 beat out
the flames Each bomb exploded will
extinguish fire in a circle of about five
yards in diameter.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20

Experiments with a tree planting ma
chine at the Utah Agricultural Expert
ment Station indicate that II may be
used TO advantage in reforesting old
burned areas on the national forests.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20

STyDENTS HELP WBENWEN-
The leading forest schools Of the
country NOT only have their own for
est tracts for continuous experiments.
but give their students actual expert
eucc IN me woods by having hem take
part In big numbering operations.
Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1913-07-20

The First National Bank, Of WhiCh
George F. Baker is president is con-
sidered the biggest "Shylock" in the
financial district. 1t always gets as
much for its money as it can and in
times when money is very high its
reserve sinks below the 25 per cent
mark. Little wonder the bank has
paid 1850 per cent in dividends
since Mr.. Baker became president in
1873.
Alma record., 1913-10-16

union were born five children, of
whom two only are living. He en-
listed in the 10th Michigan Infantry
at the time of the Civil War, serv-
ing three years. Mrs. Walter passed
away in 1907, and in December, 1912,
he was again married, to Mrs. Kath-
crime Knapp, of Emerson, who sur
wives him. Mr.. Walter was convert
ed when a young man and was con-
sistent Christian, good husband and
father. Among those present at the
funeral, who came from a distance,
were Mr.. and Mrs. " c. Shelter, Ok
ford; Mr.. and Mrs. Delbert King
Pontiac; Mr.. and Mrs. Dewitt Cook
Cohoctah; Mr.. and Mrs. Chester Dar
Gus, Vernon; Fred Mcintyre, Vernon;
Mrs. Mary Deming and Mrs Mary
Mitchell of Eaton Rapids. The fun
eral service was held Sunday after
noon at the M. L. church at Ithaca,
Rev. Beebe officiating, and interment
was made at Ithaca cemetery.
The black team owned by Henry
Irving, of the Independent Dray, and
driven by WILDER Carpenter, ran away
Tuesday, running into Theron Good
wins auto, which was standing in
the alley, demolished the glass and
the front wheel of the auto, and threw
one horse cutting its legs badly and
damaging the dray wagon.
Alma record., 1913-10-16
METHODIST RECEPTION
For Rev. and Mrs. 7. &. R. BfOWnlOW
Tuesday Evening
IN PARLORs AND AUDITORIUM
Welcome Addresses and Music Comprised the
Program

A reception was held in the Meth
odist church Tuesday evening for
Rev and Mrs. T. G. X. Brownlow
who were recently transferred by the
conference from Ovid to the pastor
ate of the Alma church. A reception
committee, composed of the members
of the official board and their wives
welcomed the visitors and introduced
the guests OF honor.
4 program was given which IN
cluded address of welcome by Prot,
II. NJ. MacCurdy, representing the
church officials, Mrs L. /. Smith
the Sunday school, Clifford Cummings
the Epworth League and Mrs II, NJ.
Page the Ladies' Aid society. Rev.
J. W. Priest of the Baptist church
spoke for the other churches of the
city and Rev Brownlow responded
with assurances of appreciation and a
desire to be faithful to the interests
commended to him.
Prof Fannell favored the audience
with two vocal selections. Miss Es-
ther Dunham a violin solo, Miss Ruth
Palmer and Mr.. Roy Miller each a
song The Wright Quartet sang
Rock of Ages and Juanita. Mrs.
\. \. Palmer gave an interesting
reading on the New Minister'S
Wife" and Mr.. b. l.. Walker gave a
reading.
Punch and waters were served by
the ladies.
Alma record., 1913-10-16
LIMIT FOR TIRES AND LOADS
Chairman Diehl of National Roads
Board, Favors Highway Conven-
ton of State Commissioners.

A meeting of leading state highway
commissioners and the manufacturers
of horse-drawn wagons and motor
driven trucks, is the suggestion Of
Chairman George C. Diehl OF the A.
A. A. National Good Roads board, to
consider legislation governing the
width Of tires and the weight of
loads.
Many states have enacted laws to
regulate the width of tires. but there
has not been strict enforcement of
these regulations" says Chairman
Diehl Marrow tires, especially dur
ing the wet season. form ruts In I'm
proved roads. and in many instances
where the roads are weak. break
through the surface. causing rapid de-
struction Of the highway.
"One great difficulty In enforcing
wide-tire ordinances with horse-drawn
vehicles has been that while less trac-
ton is required with wide tires, on
slippery clay or hilly roads. 1t is very
difficult In wet weather to manage
horse-drawn vehicle with wide tires.
owing to It's tendency to skid and
slide into the bitches.
Equal. If not greater damage, can
be done TO the highway with tires Of
insufficient width on motor trucks
There Is no state where wide-tire ordi-
nances are drawn which relate to both
horse-drawn and motor-driven We
hicles, or where scientific attempt
has been made TO prepare such ordi-
nances or where strict enforcement
is had.
1T Is also entirely practicable and
reasonable that the weight of loads
should be limited, as the bridges.
which form an integral part Of the
highway, are not. in a great major.
ity of cases. sufficiently strong to
carry weights which are becoming
more and more excessive"
Alma record., 1913-10-16

The opponents line was punctured re-
peatedly, passing being difficult be-
cause of the high wind. Over tackle
plays and end runs featured. The
local line was somewhat of a crea-
ton, being composed entirely of new
recruits. The pigskin was in St.
Louis territory with but very few ex-
ceptions and not once did the op-
posing team shadow our goal. Con-
siderable discussion arose over Mid
lands line of scrimmage. Their idea
being that they could place an in
definite number of men on the line
at any promiscuous position. The
argument was decided in their favor
in order that the game could continue
in peace.
Alma record., 1913-10-16
ITHACA.

Ray Maloney, of Detroit spent a
few days at Ithaca this week.
Mrs. Lottie Coppernoll, of Bvart,
spent the week end with her sister,
Mrs. +. w. Griswold.
Mrs. NJ. Johnson and daughters,
Anna and Pauline have removed to
Owosso.
Mrs. Nell Rowland, who was oper-
ated upon Saturday morning by Drs.
Hall and Dean, is slowly recovering.
Mrs. +. L. Clark, of Traverse City
visited last week with friends and
relatives.
Floyd Street accompanied his wife
to Ann Arbor last week, where she
will be operated upon for abdominal
tumor
Mrs Nathan A. Church, of New
York spent some days in Ithaca last
week, returning home Saturday.
Geo Whitman, who has been SER
iously i'll with pleurisy and pneumo-
MIA, is somewhat better.
Howard Shellar, of Mt Pleasant
was at Ithaca over Sunday.
A. J. Peters and brother of Mt.
Pleasant spent Friday at Ithaca.
Miss Matte Seaver, of Pompeii Wis
tied at Warren Stahls last week.
The NJ L. Aid Society gave a sup
per Friday afternoon and evening
at the home of +. A. Redman, one
mile north of Ithaca, which was well
attended
Mrs. Vina Hoover is removing her
furniture from Bannister to Ithaca,
where she will reside in future.
]. L. Barden made a business trip
to Grand Rapids Monday.
The Board of Supervisors met on
Monday at the court house at Ithaca
and various committees were appoint
ed, who are at work on their re-
spective duties The board then adj
journed, and will meet when the COM
mittees are ready to report.
4 meeting of the Ithaca fire depart
ment was held at A. p Lanes office
Tuesday evening. for the purpose of
the Fire Department, also TO arrange
for driver and custodian of the viii
lage team.
Fire OF unknown origin broke out
in the basement under the barber
shop belonging to John Parker and
Alex. Haskell. Prompt action of the
fre department extinguished the
flames. No special damage was
done.
Charles Simmons and r. Fisher
have returned from a trip to the Pa
cific coast.
Mr. and Mrs. George +. Richards
entertained at dinner Monday even
ing, Judge and Mrs. w. H. Beasley,
and their son, LaVigne, who is visit
ing with his parents, after spending
several years in the west.
Jeffries ]. Walter was born April
2s, 1899, at independence, Oakland
county, and died at his home in Ith-
aca, on October 10, 1913, after few
days illness of intestinal trouble.
He was married in 1866 to Miss Celia
Goodhue, of Lansing, and to their
Alma record., 1913-10-16
PAVED STREETS IN 1000 B. C.
Babylon, Carthage and Other Ancient
Cities Took Much Interest In
Building Good Roads.

When or where the first road was
built is not known. Herodotus speaks
of great Egyptian road on which
King Cheops employed 100000 men
for ten years. According to the his
torian, this road was built Of mass
i've stone blocks ten feet deep, and
lined on both sides with temples, mau-
soleums. porticos and statues The
streets of Babylon are said to have
been paved as early as 1000 B. c..
and several well surfaced roads radi-
ated to neighboring cities. Carthage.
before its fall, was the center OF
highly developed road system. The
ancient Peruvians had q wonderful
system of national roads connecting
all the principal parts OF their en-
pire.
Bridges were also built by the an
clients at a very early date. The Eu-
pirates, at Bebylon, was crossed by
stone bridge prior to 1000 B. c.. and
1t Is known that the Chinese built
bridges as public works as early as
29O0 B. c. says the Good Roads Year
Book.
The first definite and fully authen-
tic information concerning the system
attic construction and maintenance
of permanent roads comes to us
from the Romans. 1t is generally
understood that the Romans learned
the art of road building from the
Carthagenians. However, the con-
struction OF their great road was as
perfect as that of any Of their later
ones.
The first OF the great Roman roads
was from Rome TO Capua. distance
Of 142 Italian miles, and was begun by
Appius Claudius, about 312 B. c.
1t was known as the Appian Way
or Queen Of Roads" This road was
later extended TO Brnndisium, total
of $50 miles, and was probably COM
pleted by Julius Caesar. About 220
b. c. the Flaminian Way was built
1t crossed the Mar river on a stone
bridge which had a central span OF
$50 feet with a rise of 100 feet. When
Rome reached the height of her glory,
under the reign of Augustus, no less
than 20 great military roads radiated
from the city. These roads extended
to every part of the vast empire. and
are estimated to have a total length
of $4,000 miles.
The Roman construction was in
general extremely massive. The Ap-
plan Way Is said to have been In good
repair 500 years after It was built
On a carefully prepared subgrade
were placed four successive courses
of layers. the rodus or second course,
the nucleus or third course and the
pavimentum or wearing surface. The
top and bottom courses consisted In
general Of large fat stones, while the
two intervening course were built OF
smaller stones or other suitable ma
terial laid in lime mortar.
With the fall of the Roman empire
the roads were neglected and gradual
ly fell into decay, so that today but
little more than a trace remains Of
these splendid achievements.
Alma record., 1913-10-16
ST. LOUIS.

DR.. Andrus of the Park Hotel
passed away quietly Tuesday morn
ing at 80 o'clock after long illness.
He was past seventy years of age.
The remains will be sent to Detroit
for cremation.
The work of laying the asphalt was
resumed again Monday after a delay
of several days awaiting the arrival
of car of oil. But two blocks re-
main to be finished and judging from
the rate they are working it will be
completed within a short time The
boulevard lamp posts are nearly all
set and supplies for wiring have ar
rived. City Electrician Dawson an
nounccs that they will be in readiness
Alma record., 1913-10-16

A. A. Andrus has sold his grocery
business to Chas. Hoffman He and
Mr.. Wilson will work for the new
proprietor
Piano Tuning and Repairing S.
c. Elsdon, lately with Marshall, Rose
& Sons, London, England, $500,
Phone 2S5 Union.
Alma record., 1913-10-16

by the time the last stretch of asphalt
has been laid.
The new proprietors of the Park
Hotel were in the city the first of the
week. They will take possession in
about month. A decided change
in the management of the santarium
will occur upon their advent.
Nat White, one of our most prom
inent citizens is very low and hope of
his recovery is dubious.
Coach Dawsons football warriors
easily defeated the Midland squad at
St Louis last Saturday by score of
IA to 0. The local team was badly
handicapped by the absence of sew
eral old heads but despite this fact
they played all around the visitors.