davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10
.THE WORLDS GATE
Gibraltar, Its Sieges and Centu-
ries of BIoodshed.
Sacred to the God Of War-Anclents
Regarded 1t as One Of Pillars Of
Hercuies-stood Many Invest
ments in 500 Years.

London.-There are certain places
on the surface of the earth which are
one may say, sacred Tor perhaps rath-
err unsacred) to Mars the war god, the
history Of which has been but a rec
ord of battle, murder and sudden
death; they are the danger spots and
powder magazines of civilization
Among these the Rock of Gibraltar
stands pre-eminent. In the course OF
500 years 1t stood some fifteen sieges;
some of them among the most notable
In history.
With the ancients it was Calpe, one
Of the pillars Of Hercules, the other
being the hill called Abyla. near
Ceuta on the African coast. These
marked the boundaries Of the world.
except for the Phoenicians. for CEN
turtles; later the Greeks ventured be-
yond them, although always Greek in
tercourse with ancient Britain. what
there was OF 1t, was mainly by way OF
Massilia and through Gaul. But Meth
er Phoenicians, Greeks nor Romans
appear to have understood the true
import of Gibraltar. or surely the Gaze
sars would have crowned its heights
with a great temple to Mars. It's mill
tary value first made itself manifest
to the Arabs, who, when they crossed
owe from Africa in the eighth CEN
fury, selected it as the site Of a for
tress. They gave it two names: Gebel
af-Futahh. or the Hill of the Entrance.
because it was the place where they
first set foot on Spanish soil, and
Gebel Tarik, the Hill of Tarik, from
their leader. Tarik ibn-Zeyad; it is.
Of course. this second name that has
remained.
However, 1t al not until the begin
ming Of the fourteenth century that
Gibraltar became the cockpit of south
ern Europe. In the year 1909 the first
siege took place; the rock was taken
by Alonzo Perez de Guzman for Ferdi-
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

Conscience In choosing what we shall
do! War fitted us for action. and &C
ton never eases.
Our Laws the Orders Of the Day.
I have been chosen the leader o
the Nation. cannot justify the choic,
by any qualities Of my own, but so /
has come about. and here | stand
Whom do I command? The ghostl,
hosts who fought upon these battle
fields long ago and are gone? These
gallant gentlemen stricken In year,
whose fighting days are over. theil
glory won? What are the orders fol-
them, who rallies them? / have In my
mind another host, whom these set
free OF civil strife in order that they
might work out In days Of peace and
settled order the life OF a great ma.
ton. That host is the people them
selves, the great and the small, with
out class or difference of kind or
race or origin; and undivided In inter
est, IL we have but the vision to guide
and direct them and order their lives
Alright in what we do. Our constitu-
lions are their articles of enlistment.
The orders Of the day are the laws
upon our statute books. What we
strive for is their freedom, their right
to lift themselves from day to day and
behold the things they have hoped
for, and so make way for still better
days for those whom they love who
are to come after them. The recruits
are the little children crowding in,
The quartermaster's stores are in the
mines and forests and fields, in the
shops and factories. Every day some
thing must be done to push the cam.
paign forward; and it must be done
by plan and with an eye to some great
destiny.
How shall we hold such thoughts in
our hearts and not be moved?
would not have you live even today
wholly In the past, but would wish to
stand with you in the light that
streams upon US now out of that
great day gone by. Here is the ma
ton God has builded by our hands.
What shall we do with 1t? Who stands
ready to act again and always in the
spirit of this day Of reunion and hope
and patriotic fervor? The day Of our
country's life has but ~broadened into
morning. Do not put uniforms by,
Put the harness Of the present on.
Lift your eyes to the great tracts OF
life yet to be conquered In the inter.
est Of righteous peace, of that pros.
perity which lies in a peoples hearts
and outlasts all wars and error OF
e Come, let US be comrades and
soldiers yet to serve our fellow men
In quiet counsel. where the blare OF
trumpets Is neither heard nor needed
and where the things are done which
make blessed the nations of the world
in peace and righteousness and love
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10
Ready wit Saved situation.

A very laughable incident once oc-
Cured in the house Of commons. An
Irish member having risen was as
sailed by loud cries of "Spokel
Spokel" meaning that having spoken
once already he had no right to do
SO a second time. He had evidently
a second speech struggling in his
breast for an introduction into the
world, when seeing after remaining
for some time on his legs. that there
was not the slightest chance OF being
suffered 10 deliver a sentence of It.
he observed with i~mperturbable grav-
ity and In rich Tipperary brogue: III
the honorable gintlemin suppose that
I was going to spake again they are
quite mistaken. merely rose for the
purpose of saying that I had nothing
more to say on the subject" The
house was ~convulsed with laughter
for a few seconds afterward at the
ready WIT OF the Hibsrnian u. r.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10
LOOK TO RUSSIAN OIL FIELDS
Arc Certain to Play an Important Part
In Furnishing Power for
Battleships.

In discussing the fact that the use
of oil instead of coal as fuel In the
English navy is under consideration
1t Is time Russia should pay serious
attention to this question. II England
is replacing its own cheap coal by the
more expensive foreign product, there
must be important advantages on the
side of naphtha, and in the future
Russian feet the part to be played by
this fuel will be a most important one,
the Novoe Vremya says. Many mills
and factories have gone yer to
naphtha as fuel and the consumption
Is increasing every year.
Russia owns immense oil fields and
1t could be the chief supplier of the
world. The need Of organization In
the business is recognized by the
government and a number of special
meetings have been held for discuss
ing the subject. New conditions have
been laid down for the exploitation OF
government territories. and the regu-
lations for Investigations have been
changed. Some territories known as
being rich in oil have been closed to
private enterprise, such as the APP
sheron peninsula, near Baku, and vart
GUS islands of the Caspian sea, as well
as some territories in the Transcas-
plan Ural and Gerghana districts, and
others in the north of Russia and 81.
IBERIA, amounting to millions OF acres
The reason for this action Is the wish
to preserve these districts from ex.
haustion.
Another question concerns the mat
ter OF investigation. 1t Is quite neces-
sary that the right of Investigation be
granted on a large scale, and not only
for comparatively small lots OF ground.
where the Investigation might not pay.
The government Is aware OF this fact,
and, according to the new regulations
the plots OF ground allotted for inves-
tigation are to be increased tenfold.
The most advisable system Is to
grant concessions that would induce
capitalists to place their money In
such undertakings. Under the new
regulations regarding the investigation
OF naphtha districts. the government
proposes to publish geological de-
scriptions of the various districts.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

nand w., who, in order to attract in
habitants to a spot otherwise some
what uninviting, proclaimed ii an asy-
lum to murderers, swindlers and
thieves, and promised to levy no
taxes on imports and exports. In 1915
the second siege took place, when the
Arabs under Isma'il ben-Ferez at
tackled it, and were defeated In 1888,
however, the governor, Vasco Paez
de Meira, having allowed the defenses
to decay, was obliged to capitulate to
Mahommed w. Almost Immediately
the fourth siege began, under Alfonso
xI. of Castle, The AEerger." His
attempts, though heroic and p~ertina-
cious, were In vain; and he was OBJ
liged to content himself with a trib-
ute for the rock from Abdul Melek
Of Granada. In 1910, October 20, as
leader of the allied armies of the
Christian Kingdoms of Spain, he won
the great victory of the Salado over
the kings of Granada and Morocco,
after which the booty was so great
that the value of gold fell one-six-
teenth. He followed up his uccesse
in 1912 by laying siege to Algeciras.
where for the first time in Europe
cannon were used-by the Moors de-
Tending. After a two-year siege they
ca~pitulated, on condition of a ten-year
truce; but the king of CASTLE broke
his word in 1349 by again besieging
Gibraltar. This, the fifth siege, re-
suited in the transference of Gibraltar
from the possession of the king of
Morocco to that of Yusuf III. OF
Granada. The seventh. undertaken by
Enrico de Guznan, count of Niebla,
proved fatal to the besieger and his
forces. In 1852 success attended the
efforts of the Spaniards under Alfonso
de ARGOS, and in August of hat year
the rock was lost to the Arabs forever.
During the war OF the Spanish sue
cession 1t was taken by a combined
English and Dutch feet under Sir
George Rookie.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10
Dance by Blind PUPILS.

Philadelphia.-More than a hundred
students of the Pennsylvania School
for the Blind, with alumni of the In
stitution. participated in a commence
ment day at ovcrbTook. No one ON
the floor could see. syen the musicians
were blind. but there was nothing to
Indicate that fact as the dancers Gid
ed over the polished floor OF the school
gymnasium to the strains OF popular
waltz times. ywosteps we're barred.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

Fifty years to the hour from the
time when the first shot preceding the
battle was fired q reunion meeting OF
the blue and the gray was held in the
big tent. The gray cavalry men who
fought the skirmishes that led up to
the three days fight pledged them
selves in the shadows of the stars and
stripes to forget" and their brothers
in blue swore by the stars and bars
that the fight was over for all time.
There were several women from the
village in the tent and six one-time
schoolgirls, gray-haired and aged now.
sang Rally Round the Flag. Boys"
while the veterans wept like boys, but
with pride. The six women who sang
the battle song were among those who
thronged the streets OF Gettysburg
after the advance guard Of the south
ern army left it so years ago. On the
night when Buford's men came rid
ing into the village on the heels OF
Wheeler's men in gray, maidens strew-
ed flowers along the streets and bells
in the churches pealed out the news OF
the coming of the blue and the town
went wild.
OF all the scores of girls who well
coined the vanguard of Meade, only a
half dozen could be found, and they
stood, white-haired with tears in their
eyes On a platform in the big tent and
sang to the weeping soldiers In the
seats below.
I'm afraid we can't sing like we
sang so years ago." said the ma
tronly woman who acted rs leader as
she led the way up the steps to the
platform.
I'VE don't care; just sing again."
shouted the veterans. AS the first
notes Of the wartime melody came
from them in quavering tones, the vet
Grams both of the north and of the
south sat quiet with eyes fixed upon
the singers. The hum OF the chorus
came from every side, and the old men
wept openly.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10
OF GETTYSBURG REUNION

The great reunion of the blue and
the gray on the battlefield Of Gettys-
burg has passed into history. 1t was
in. all respects the most unique gath
ering of the soldiers of the COS ever
held. Men who fought each other
fifty years ago this year fraternized
as long-separated brothers. Naturally
such a gathering would be productive
of many Incidents, both pathetic and
humorous. AS many stories were
floating about as there were veterans
at the reunion.
The camp is full Of unexpected
meetings. Every day brings forth nu-
merous meetings between men who
have not seer one another for many
years. Many are commonplace, but
some are extraordinary. For In
stance, acre Is me-:
1. d. Munsee of Erie county, Penn
~sylvania, a soldier in the 111th Penn
~sylvania, was captured by the con-
federates at Peachtree Creek, Ca,
when he was one of Sherman's army
on the celebrated march to the sea.
He was being conveyed to the rear
by a confederate soldier when the
union batteries opened fire upon the
party among whom he was a pris-
oner. The man who was guarding
Mupsee was hit and fell, knocking
Munsee down and lying on top OF
him.
Seeing his chance Of escape, Nun
see lay very still under the uncon-
scious confederate while the battle
ragged around them. That night he
slipped from under the body and es-
capped to the union lines.
81 thought that fellow was dead
said Munsee, "but / saw him oda
Poor fellow, his minds bad, and ne
didn't recognize me, but was sure OF
him. l couldn't even get his name, but
I'm goin over later to the Georgia
camp and try to find out who he is
Here Is a story which was told by
A. r. Dice, vice-president of the Read
Ing railway:
Once upon a time there were a vet
eran In gray and a veteran In oiue'
They came to Gettysburg and In the
course of events and visits to hotels
they happened to meet. They looked
over the sights Of Gettysburg n the
monuments of the field. But they
found they must part.
The one In blue lived in oregon
the one In gray in New Orleans. Tney
went weeping together to their sta
ton and passed by train after tram
deferring the parting that must come
lust what they said, just how they
reached the final grand idea OF tne
meeting, Mr.. Dice did rot know.
But. however, yesterday they nnaiiy
decided that the time for parting mao
come The one from Oregon couio
not figure how to reach home via New
Orleans and his gray comrade. wnlle
willing to sec the west. didn't nave
the money for a ticket.
They lined upon on the platform al
their trains stood waiting n tnel
before the crowd. they slowly s.rippeo
on their uniforms n excnanse.
,them there while the curious nockeo
to see them. -
The oregonian who came proudly =
town with a coat of blue, went =
nroudly away with n OF gray ans
the veteran from Louisiana who ooas.
ed thu gray OF the south SAT WIZ.
swelling chest In his new uhiior" :
Blue.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

A striking contrast is seen in the
men provided for the soldiers fifty
years ago and what they enjoyed this
year:
Observation-Disclosures bacon,
beans and coffee.
Dinner-Bacon, beans, bareback and
coffee.
Supper-Beans. bareback, bacon
and coffee.
Observation-Disclosures rice, fried
eggs, fried bacon, cream potatoes,
fresh bread. hard bread, butter and
coffee.
Dinner = Fricassee chicken, peas,
corn, ice cream, cake. cigars, fresh
bread, hard bread, butter, coffee, iced
tea.
Supper - Salmon salad, macaroni
and cheese, fresh bread, butter and
coffee.
Chief Clerk George G. Thorne of
the state department at Harrisburg
told of the call made by a Union vet.
eran early or the morning of the If
tieth anniversary of the start of the
battle, who related that his conscience
troubled him because of the fact that
on that fateful morning many years
ago he had succumbed to temptation
the Thorne garden, which was located
near the historic Seminary ridge. He
told Thorne that he desired, at this
late day to pay for the onions and
thus relieve his conscience.
Needless to say, his offer of money
was refused, but the Thornes would
like to learn the identity of the sol
diers who upset eight beehives in the
dead of night and appropriated all the
honey they contained.
A remarkable coincidence of the
camp was the meeting of two men OF
exactly the same name. coming from
towns of the same name, but in differ
ent states. One fought on the union
side In the battle of Gettysburg, and
the other with the confederates.
These two men are John Carson Of
Doll tOAt y Ot IL JOnn AdISOH Ol
Burlington. N. C.
They met by the merest chance
The Jersey Carson was walking alone
n OF the streets, and saw a man IN
gray. Just to be friendly, the Jersey
man stopped him and gave him 8
greeting. 1t was not until they hac
talked for several minutes that they
discovered their names were Identical
as well as the names Of their towns.
A grandson OF Francis Scott Key
composer of The Star-Spangled Ban
ner." Is here. He is John Francis Key
aged e~ighty-two, Of Pikeyille, Md, ant
he Is a veteran of the Second Mary
land infantry of the confederate army
Wearing q suit of gray. Key cam,
into town, weak and almost dropping
He has been in failing health, but de
clared he was going to see Gettys
burg on this occasion or die"
One of the oldest veterans in the
big camp Is Captain w. H. Fleig O
Houston, Texas, who was ninety year,
of age on his last birthday. Februar,
20. During the war he served Will
distinction In the marine department
of the confederate navy. Captain
Fleig is one OF the best preserved
men In camp and is more active tina.
many of the other veterans a score o
Years less advanced.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

James H. Lansberry Of st. Louis,
Mo-, who enlisted in the Third Indiana
cavalry from Madison, Ind, recited to
his comrades the details Of his cap
ture in the town of Gettysburg by
Confederates so years ago. Following
the skirmish just outside of town
which marked the opening Of what
was to be a world-famed engagement,
he had been detailed to assist in car
rying a wounded officer to the old
seminary in Gettysburg. While in
town frantic women iocked about him
and begged that he tell of the battle.
He remained to tell the story, with the
result that he had to spend several
days in following he Confederate
army as a prisoner. After tramping
so miles over rough country without
shoes he succeeded in escaping and
finally made his way back to Gettys'
burg, where he remained till August
In assisting in the care of h wound
ed, which we're housed in the semin-
nary, churches, barns and public build
ings.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

Aside from the old soldiers them
selves, an interesting figure is Mrs.
Longstreet, widow of the commander
at the front of the Confederate lines
in the third days battle. Mrs. Long
street walked a mile through the
broiiing sun out to the old Rogers
house to interview General Sickles.
Some time ago Mrs. Longstreet sent
a long telegram as representing the
southern veterans in protest against
the old Union veteran being thrown In
Jail in New York because of some
financial affairs. 1t was said that
Sickles misunderstood the spirit and
his pride was so hurt that their meet
ing today would not be cordial.
General, l have written an article
about you for publication" said Mrs,
Longstreet at the meeting, and she
read several pages of the highest trib'
ute to the old corps leader, whom she
characterized as having come back
and being once again in the saddle
Half a hundred old Sickles' men gath
cred on the lawn and the reading be
came dramatic. General Sickles lean
ed back In his big chair, closed his
eyes, and looked back to meeting with
Longstreet.
Here his widow was praising to the
world the valor which she claimed had
gone unrecognized by the government
Tears flowed down the Sickles cheeks
now tanned by his ninety-third sum
mer, and his old followers dotted their
hats and mingled their tears with
those Of their old leader, wetting the
ground upon which long ago had been
soaked by their blood.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

One of the u~nadvertised reunions Of
the celebration occurred in the con-
federate section of the camp. A fife
and drum corps Of men in blue tramp.
ed up and down the streets of the con.
federate part of the city Of tents.
They stopped before the tents. play
ed such a fanfare as only drums and
flies can make, summoned forth the
occupants and shook hands, threw
their arms about the gray shoulders
and in a dozen other ways showed
their feelings Of friendship.
They kept 1t up for hours and Wis
tied practically every "reb" tent.
Their reception was as warm as their
greeting.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1913-07-10

One Of the most interesting places
in camp was the lost and found bu'
reau, located under the benches in the
big tent. Everything found on the
grounds was brought there and thou
sands applied every day for missing
articles.
There were at least 100 crutches
piled up In the bureau, dozen or SO ap'
plicants having called for them. Those
who come to redeem their lost
crutches seldom a recognize them
and most Of them go away with some
body else's.
There was one wooden leg also ly'
ing unclaimed. II was brought In by
a Boy Scout, who had found 1t unde'
q tree.
Several sets OF false teeth were
+Har4H".
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-09-25
RYAN-HART NJJPTIALS
 HELD IN SHELTON

Shelton, Sept. 25-Y esterday Miss Alice Hart, of Division avenue, be- came the wife of William Edward Ryan, of Bridgeport, the ceremony taking place at St. Joseph's church, the Rev. D. A. Bailey, officiating and being ce1ebrant at the high nuptia1 mass that followed. The church was we'll filled with friends of the con- tracting parties many being present from Bridgeport, Newtown, New York city and Botsford.
 The bride wore a costume of ern- broidered white TnarQuisette trimmed with baby Irish lace and with picture hat to match. She carried a shower bouquet of bridal roses and lilies of the valley. Miss Catherine Troy, of Newtown, a cousin of the groom act ed as bridesmaid, and wore a costume of blue crepe de chine, trimmed with Persian and coral and with hat to match and carried a shower bouquet of pink roses. John Hart, a brother of the bride, acted as best man. Af- ter the ceremony the wedding party went to the home of the brides par Sents where the wedding breakfast was served and a merry time enjoyed un- til MT. and Mrs. Ryan left for a we'd ding tour that will take in New York city and Washington, aD. c. On their return they will take up their residence in Bridgeport, where the groom has furnished a handsome home in Colorado avenue.
 They were the recipients of long list of handsome and valuable pres ents both being very popular here and in Bridgeport.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1913-09-25
MUTUAL POLICIES
 GET EXEMPTIONS
 FROM INCOME TAX

Washington, Sept. .25-Great, inter est centered, today, about the decision of the tariff conferees to exempt from the income tax that portion of the premiums on mutual life fnsur- ance policies returned to poicyhold- CTS as dividends. Such action on the part of the confereeS was unexpected as the amendments originally made by the Senate to that end had been dropped out before the bill went into conference. Under the decision reach ed, last night. all life insurance com panies writing mutual policies and mutual marine insurance companies are treated similarly No report of their income is expected except that part of the premium on any policy that is returned to the po1tcyho1der as a dfvidende or rebate. The Sen- ate finance committee determined on such action many weeks ago but the amendment laid before the Senate was not satisfactory and was later withdrawn at the voluntary motion of members of the finance commit tee.
 The conferees decided, last night, that the provision was still within their jurisdiction and that they had authority to make the change Hold CTS of mutual insurance policies have urged that such an exemption ought to be a. part of the income tax to pro- tect the rights of persons who hold dividend paying policies.
 The conferees, today, took up final work on the tariff bill. When they left the Capitol at midnight, last night, it was with the hope that the conference report could be sent to the government printing office, late today, and be laid before the two Houses of Congress, tomorrow.
 Few questions now remain. Presi- dent Wilson's suggestions and advice have aided the conferees in disposing of all questions relating to foreign tariff or trade policies.