davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
U. S. TO FIGHT HORSE PLAGUE
Government Sends Twelve Veterinar.
ians to Kansas to Aid State In
Combating Malady.

Kansas City, Mo-, Sept. 10.--Wash-
ington telegraphed Senator Charles
Curtis at Topeka that twelve vet
erinarians have been ordered to Kan
sas to combat the horse plague,
which daily is growing in appalling
proportions,
Farmers have stopped work in many
counties and the threshing crews are
idle for the first time since starting
work this summer. The smaller
towns are doing practically no bust
ness and conditions are worse than II
the country was having a business
panic.
All over the western part Of the
state farmers are losing their horses.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

Wife of Millionaire Publisher Sue
cumbs at Summer Home to
Swift Pneumonia.

Bar Harbor, Me-, Sept. 10.-Mrs.
John X. Mclean, wife Of the million
aire publisher of Cincinnati and Wash
ington, died at her summer home here
of swift pneumonia. DR.. Llcwellyn F.
Barker, the noted Johns Hopkins spe-
calist. arrived Sunday night, after a
race with death of 1881 miles from
the mountains Of South Carolina,
whence he had been called by special
request of Mrs Mclean. The patient
rallied long enough to recognize the
physician in whom she had 80 much
faith, and then passed into coma
from which she never rallied.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
WHITES AND BLACKS CLASH
Six Are Wounded In Race War al
Scandal, ia.-Same Number
May Die.

Scandal, Ia, Sept. 10.-Four men
were shot and two Others badly
stabbed in a clash between white and
colored miners here. A colored con
stable who attempted to quiet the dis
turbance was probably fatally shot.
William and Joseph Seathcote (white)
and William Davidson (colored), saic
to have been leaders of the outbreak
have been arrested. The race war
first made its appearance six weeks
ago, when a number of negro miners
were discharged and white men en-
gagged to do their WORK.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
DIES IN ENGLISH HOTEL
Former American Newspaper Man Elk
pires With Tube Attached to Gas
Jet In His Mouth.

Gravesend, England, Sept. 10
Charles c, Boucher, connected with
the Paris bureau of the New York
Herald, was found dead in hotel
here with a pipe attached to gas
Jet in his mouth. When he retired
last night Boucher apparently WAS in
the best of spirits.
Mr.. Boucher was one of the best
known reporters in New York, and
had friends in nearly every city In
the United States. He was president
of the Ship News Reporters associa-
ton of New York.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
BURNS WINS ON KNOCKOUT
Oakland Lightweight Defeats "one-
Round" Hogan in Tenth Round
at San Francisco.

San Francisco, Sept. 10-Frankie
Burns OF Oakland knocked out One
Round Hogan of this city in the
tenth round of their scheduled twenty
round fight Burns sent Hogan to
the floor five times-three times in
the second round and twice in the
tenth.
Burns was the stronger of the two
at all times and for that matter ap-
peared to be the better conditioned
generally. What is more, Burns dis
carded his crouch and literally beat
Hogan at the latter's own game,
straight hitting and stand-away work
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
RoUT REBELS IN NICARAGUA
important Battle With Heavy Losses
Won by Federals

Panama, Sept l0.--News Of an i'm.
portant battle in Nicaragua in which
the government forces captured Pa
gaya and Saratoga, towns dominating
the city of Masaya was received here
in a message to DR. Maracaso Velas-
quez the Panama minister to Mica
ragua Many lives were lost on both
sides The reyolutionists were com.
pletely routed leaving behind large
quantities OF arms and ammunition
and some field artillery
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
RUSH TROOPS TO :
MEXICAN BORDER
Taft Orders Two Cavalry RegI-
E.ents Sent to Texas.
SITUATION IS GRAVE ONE
There VIII Be No Intervention, He
Says, Without First Calling Con-
oress Into Special Session
For Authority.

Washington, Sept 10.-The situation
In Mexico has reached a stage oil
acuteness where the administration at
Washington Is considering the issu'
ance of oall for an extraordinary
session of congress to decide whether
the United States shall send troops
into Mexico TO quell the instruction
and protect American lives and prop
erty.
President Taft ordered two full reg
iments of cavalry to the border line
and the Madero government contem-
plates asking permission of the Uni
ted States to transport its loyal
troops through Texas and New Mexico
TO attack the scattered bands oil
marauding rebels sallying across the
line attacking American ranches and
stealing cattle.
The United States probably VIII
grant the request, inasmuch as the
state department has demanded that
Madero send federal troops into
northern Mexico to protect Americans
After Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood, chief
OF staff of the army, had talked over
the telephone with President Taft at
Beverly, the Thirteenth cavalry from
Fort .. a. Russell, Wyoming, and the
Ninth cavalry from Fort Riley, Kan.
sas. were put under rush orders to join
the border patrol.
In addition to the two regiments,
troop c OF the Third cavalry was or
dered TO the neighborhood OF Friday
nights skirmish on the Victoria ranch.
and troop b. Fourth cavalry. was or
dered from Fort Huachuca to Arivaca,
Ariz., to strengthen the border patrol
there.
The president authorized the export
OF 500 rifles and 10000 rounds of am
munition to the beleaguered Ameri-
cans in the Cananea district.
Beverly, Mass. Sept although
President Taft will not intervene in
Mexico without the fullest delibera-
ton upon n step that would mean
war, his friends declare that interven-
tion Is nearer than 1t has been since
the first American troops were
rushed TO the border eighteen months
ago.
1t can be stated on the highest au-
thority. however that should the presi-
dent decide that intervention Is the
only course open to him. he will call
congress in special session and de-
mand of n tho authority 10 send the
American army across the border.
Under no circumstances, he has told
his friends, would he do an unfriendly
act against Mexico without consulting
congress.
Friends OF the president are aware
that 1t already has been charged by
senators that the president might send
the army across the line, make himself
war president" and rely upon that
to bring victory to himself and the Re
publican party IN November Mr., I aft
has said that such statement is ut.
terly without foundation.
He declared to his advisers that II
would be hard to conceive OF presi
dent who would use his office to throw
the country into a war that experts
have predicted could not end in less
than two years that would cost mil
lions that would mean the sacrifice of
thousands OF lives and ruin for years
to come the basis OF the nations
friendship with the Central and South
American republics
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
SEVENTH CYCLE VICTIM DIES
Man Hurt In Crash In New Jersev
Motordrome Succumbs to
His Injuries.

Newark, N j., Sept, 10.--The death
list resulting from the accident at the
motordrome Sunday, when Eddie
lIasha crashed into the grand stand
on his machine during a motorcycle
race, was increased to seven by the
death in a hospital OF, William Barnett
Of this city Three other victims of
the crash-two Of them boys under
fourteen years Of age--are not expect.
ed to survive.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Scores Of Mondays Games.

Scores OF Mondays 0dmes.
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
New York. .; Brooklyn. l first game);
New York, Z; Brooklyn. Second game.
No other games scheduled.
AMERICAN LEAGUE.
No games scheduled.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.
Louisville, 6; Columbus, g.
Minneapolis, II; Milwaukee, O.
st. Paul, 2; Kansas City, l.
Indianapolis Toledo, no game sched-
uled.
WESTERN LEAGUE.
Wichita, 3; Sioux City. 2.
St. Joe. 2; Topeka. l.
Des Moines, 7; Lincoln. !.
Omaha Denver, postponed, rain.
THREE EYE LEAGUE.
Davenport. 3; Bloomington. 0.
Dubuque. 2; Danville, l.
Springfield, 3; Peoria. g.
Decatur, Z; Quincy, 6 Q3 inninGs).
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
CHARGED WITH KILLING TWO
Confessions Of Man and Woman Re.
veal Terrible Murder Plot

Confessions Of Man and Woman Re.
veal Terrible Murder Plot
Shreveport, La, Sept, S.-Execution
of double murder plot by which Mrs.
C. c. Bailey conspired to rid herself
OF her husband. wealthy lumber mill
owner, and A. l.. Watson aimed to do
away with his wife, was revealed by
Sheriff Flournoy, who says he has the
written confessions Of both Watson
and Mrs. Bailey, who are confined In
the Jail here.
The sheriff says Mrs. Watson was
killed in a Texas town several months
ago. Then Watson came to Metcalf,
La. where Bailey operated lumber
mill. obtained employment. and was
taken into the Bailey home. Bailey
was murdered Monday night.
Sheriff Flournoy says Mrs Bailey and
Watson entered into a compact by
which Watson was to poison his wife
and Mrs Bailey her husband
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
SAYS YER SLEW SPOUSE.
Woman Confeeses She Plotted Death
Of Her Wealthy Husband.

Shreveport. La, Sept Mrs c.
c. Bailey -nd A. l.. Watson, held in
fail her. Tor the murder OF G. c..
Bailey me woman's rich husband, con.
fesss. Mrs. Bailey declared that
whlls she plotted the crime with Wat.
pcn, who was her admlrer during the
ll'.time Of her husband, Watson alone
Cd the killing Wilson Killed the
xomans husband with an ak, chop.
ding him almost 10 pieces.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Pnisnnad hu Milk.

Kenosha.-The home Of Mayor
Head was converted into tempo
rary hospital when five of his chill
dren were stricken with ptomaine
poisoning. II is thought that the
poisoning came from the use OF
milk
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
vEDR|NES VICTOR
IN BIG AIR RACE
French Aviator Makes los Miles
an Hour.
BUT THREE OTHERS COMPETE
Maurice Provost Takes Second Place,
Covering Course in 1:13:1o.82
Winners Time,
1:10:58.85.

Chicago, Sept. 10.-Racing under q
blazing sun at a rate of more than
105 miles per hour, Jules Vedrines,
worlds champion airman, won the
Gordon Bennett international trophy,
and will carry back to France the EN-
blem significant of the aviation classic
of the age.
His time for 200 kjlometers, 124.S
miles, was l hour 10 minutes 5S.S5 sec
onds.
Maurice Provost, another member
Of the French team. completed the
course In hour 10 minutes 1882 sec
onds.
Frey Drops Out Early.
No other contestant completed the
course. Andre Frey the third member
of the French team, came to earth on
his twenty-third lap, but he was al
ready hopelessly beaten by Provost,
who few low and steadily and made
beautiful race.
For the United States. Max Lille
saved this country the ignomy of not
even having llSi III tHc hoio'
At the last moment, when all of the
other American entrants had decided
not to compete because OF the terrific
speed made by Vedrines, Lille mount
ed into the air.
A moment later he was headed for
the course, flying high above Provost
and Frey. The crowd was electrified
by the news that Uncle Sam was at
least entering the race.
Flies In Pet DeperdussIn.
Vedrines few in his own pet Deeper
dussin 140-horse power monoplane,
with the exception of the engine the
same general type of machine In
which he won his world-famed Paris
Madrid race.
Provost also flew Deperdussin, but
it was equipped with 100-horse pow
er engine, considerably less than that
used by Vedrines. Frey used 100
horse power Henriot monoplane.
Demonstrating the fact that he can
quickly come to high speed, Vedrines
completed the first lap Of little more
than four miles in 2:245 81, and at once
the hopes of the Americans began to
flicker Except the American defend
er, which was withdrawn two days
ago, they knew that no American ma
chine could possibly equal such speed
Beats Fastest Express Trains.
Flying SO low that he ct times ap-
peared to be scarcely above the line Of
the steel pylons marking the course,
he flew steadily and consistently.
Only four times did he consume more
than two minutes and twentyfour sec
onds in rounding the course.
Every other lap ranged from 2:20:28,
the fastest, to 2:24:57, the first lap.
This means that the famous French
airman was soaring around the course
at a general speed considerably more
than 100 miles per hour-faster than
the fastest express train.
Though Provost was driving a ma
chine Of forty less horse power than
that of Vedrines, he drove beautiful
race. and several times 1t appeared
that he would beat the mighty We'd
| rines.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
$4,000 Fire at Monroe,

Monroe. lumber yard and
store of W. A. Becker and the feed
barn OF Thomas Curran were de-
stroyed by fire. The loss was s30,-
600. The fire was started from spon-
taneous combustion in soft coal in
the Becker yard and the buildings
were burned In thirty minutes.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
EIGHT HELD FOR GRATING.
Clinton County, Ia, Alleges Colluslo'
Between Officials and Contractors.

Slhto'i SouHtJ, To-, N'cScs So'oo'o''
Between Officials and Contractors.
Clinton, Ia. Sept 7-Thirty-one in.
dictments against three county Off
cials, two former officials and three
contractors and supply men were re-
turned by the grand jury which has
been at work since last April on the
Clinton county courthouse scandal.
The indicted men are:
George +. Wilson. Jr., and Charles
E. Barr, officers OF the Clinton Bridge
and Iron company; Thomas f. Hauke,
recently resigned as supervisor:
Charles Mordhouse, ex.supervisor; F.
w. Leedham, county auditor; w. II.
McKenna, county treasurer: Thomas
J. McLane, Frank Kearney, super
visor.
The indictments comprise several
counts, the principal one being misap.
preparation OF public funds.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

New York, Sept 9.-Sixty-two per.
sons, IS OF them children. were saved
Friday from Geath In q row Of burning
tenements II Degraw street Brooklyn,
by four policemen All OF the 81 had
been overcome by smoke.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

Marinette.--Mrs. Pauline Cody of
this city Is reported to have at
tempted suicide by throwing herself
into Lake Michigan. Mrs. Cody, who
is 20 years old, is quoted with the
statement that she became despond-
ent when compelled to leave her
young husband.
Oshkosh.-Prominent Oshkosh cit
liens are endeavoring to secure a
convention hall for this city.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
GIVES BLOOD TO STRANGER
Mountain Climber Saves Girls Life
by TRANSMISSION Operation.

Tacoma, Wash, Sept. 10-To save
the life of Miss Ethel Madden. a
young woman of whom he had never
heard before, Belmore Browne, a
member Of the ParkerBrowne expedi-
ton up Mount Mckinley, submitted to
at the summer colony on American
lake Thursday, Miss Madden is com
panion Of Mrs. Cleghorn, wife OF a
prominent business man The opera
ton occupied twelve hours from noon
to midnight. Miss Madden is recover
ing. Browne has suffered no III eff
feCts.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
aIshnn Leaves But st.nnn.

Fond du Lac. Sept THE win Of
he late Bishop Charles Chapman
Grafton Of the Protestant Episcopal
church. fled Thursday for probate by
Archbishop g. r Rogers as executor
lists the personal property as $1,000
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

Princeton Henry Crimmins of
Berlin drove here and gave himself
up to the sheriff, aaylng he feared
he was going insane. An hour later
10 was found dcad--a suiclde--in
hts cell.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

York, Pa, Sept, THE fear Of pain
caused by having tooth extracted
cauHed the death Thursday OF Anna
Henry. the fifteen.year-old daughter
OF Mr.. and Mrs. Eli Henry Al gas
was about to be given she died.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Attorney General Appointed.

Lansing Mich, Sept, l0.--Goyernor
Osborn announced saturday the ap-
pointment Of Roger l. Wykes Of
Grand Rapids as attorney general to
succeed Frank Kuhn, was was named
n justice Of the supreme court,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
WOMAN's HEAD is SEVERED.
Most Beautiful Woman of Frisco's
Night LIfe-Eeund Murdered.

San Francisco, Cal, Sept. 10-With
the head nearly severed from her body
and arms and trunk frightfully
slashed, Lydia Berger, known as the
most beautiful woman of the night life
in this city, was found In her bed by
her maid The walls OF the room in
which the body lay were covered with
blood and the carpet saturated
Thousands of dollars worth OF dia.
monds and other jewels worn by the
woman are missing and II is believed
robbery was the motive for the
crime
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

Washington Sept. 7.-Dr T.. l.. Dun.
lap of the bureau Of chemistry and as
sociate chemist under DR.. Harvey w.
Wiley while the latter was chief OF tho
bureau. resigned Thursday to accept a
commercial position In Chicago.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Donates $4,000 to La Crosse.

La Crosse.--For establishing q
manual training school in connection
with the high school, Frank p Hixon
has donated the city $4,000. This
is the largest gift ever made to the
city fer public purposes.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Indictments Hi iowans.

Clinton, Ia, Sept. 7 Thirty-one In.
dictments against tire county Off.
cials, two former officials and three
contractors were returned Thursday
by the grand jury 10 the Ci.ntsa coun-
~ courthouse scandal
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

jefferson. Otto J. kerschenstein-
or. president of several local man
ufacturing plants, was run down by
q motorcyolist and his right leg
Broken.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Killed in Buggy Collision.

Viroqua. Mrs. Louis Anderson Is
dead of injuries sustained In run
away. She was thrown out OF the
buggy, became entcngled in the
wheels and was dragged mile,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Woman Starts on Long Swim.

London, Sept 10--Rose Pitonoff,
the Boston mermaid, startes at 1870
this afternoon to swim from Blackwell
pier to Gravesend shell distance of
about twenty miles. The swim has
never been made by woman.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Ma. Macarthur Stricken.

Milwaukee. Sept 9.--Mrs, MacAr.
thur, widow of Lieutenant General
MacAsthur, who dropped dead while
addressing his Civil war comrades, Is
in a serious condition at her home as
A r,gdlt OF the shock.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Train Kills Entire family.

Kansas city, Mo, Sept, 1O.-While
crossing thu Frisco railroad tracks at
Spring Hin, Kan, Sunday, Mr. and
Mrs. Arthur Chapman and their son
George were hit by passenger train
and killed
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Superlor Dock Strike,

Superior. Five hundred men are
on strike at the Great Northern orc
docks. They demand an increase Of
25 cents day
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12
Racine Fat Man Dies,

Racine. Ernest Bartella, aged
as, who weighed more than 800
pounds, was found dead in bed
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1912-09-12

money to burn that keeps the pot
boiling.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1912-04-13

etc. Inspector Fulton, however,
somewhat demurred and suggested
that the case be put up to the secre-
tary of the Department. Anyway,
the case of these exiles and Social
lists are before the Department be-
cause there are still some people left
who cling to the tradition that Ameri-
ca has and always should be an asy-
lum Of refuge to the political 'crim-
inals" of all countries. And the Pa
cif1c coast case is now being fought to
preserve this traditional right.
(Later) Finally Admitted.
WASHINGTON, April 1.-Two
Russian Social eDmocrats," refugees
from Siberia, weer permitted to enter
the United States yesterday by Act
Ing Secretary Cable of the depart
ment of commerce and labor
One of the men, Feitel Kagan, a
pharmacist, "a years old, will be au-
thorized to join his sisters in Fond
du Lac, Wis, and the other, Vasilei
Lchatchoff. farmer. 80 years old,
will go to friends in New York
At Tacoma, WASH, the majority of
an immigration board recommended
their deportation. The admission of
the immigrants was urged by Repre-
sentatives Berger, the Socialist;
Burke of Wisconsin,, and Humphrey
and Poindexter Of Washington.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1912-04-13
Political Freedom for Women
WHAT WORLD WOMAN
INDUSTRIAL
bv Martin
FAMILY IN WISCONSIN
TOURING FOR SUFFRAGE

To bundle all the children into an
vacation tour which shall cover a
large part of the state of Wisconsin,
and stop at every city and village en-
route to make speeches in favor of
woman suffra ge-that is the plan of
Frank Mccullough and his wife,
Catherine Waugh Mccullough Of
Evanston.
Mr.. and Mrs. Mccullough have
four children. The eldest boy viii;
take the wheel of the automobile and
serve as chauffeur for the family
party. Mr.. and Mrs. Mccullough are
both active opponents of woman suf-
frage and are first class public
speakers. They are deeply interested
in the campaign for equal suffrage
in this state and are anxious to help
it along. They are both practising
lawyers and Mrs. Mccullough is also
a justice of the peace-so they are
both busy. Furthermore Mrs. Nc
Cullough could not bring herself to
leave the children. while she might
be campaigning in Wisconsin. But it
is the custom of the family to take
an outing during the summer. The
idea of the automobile trip, in which
all the children should participate,
and which might be made to combine
pleasure with active campaigning for
suffrage, presented itself. 1t seemed
practicable and attractive-it was
adopted.
When Mrs. Mccullough spoke in
Milwaukee last week, she promised
Miss Ada l.. James, president of the
Political Equality league, that, if
nothing unexpected arose, the trip
should be made.
Mrs. Mccullough and Miss James
outlined the trip, which is a long one
and will take several weeks. The
itinerary planned leads through Ke-
nosha, Walworth, Racine and Wau-
kesha counties to Milwaukee,; thence
north along the lake shore through
Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Ke-
waunee and Door counties to the up
per peninsula, where addresses will
be given at the many summer resorts
in that section. Crossing to Mari
nette they will speak to the chautau-
qua crowds, and will then come down
to Green Bay and the cities Of the
Fox river valley-Appelton, Neenah,
Oshkosh. Menasha, Fond du Lac
this section being the boyhood home
of Mr.. Mccullough. Later they plan
to visit Green Lake. Columbia and
Juneau counties, st. Paul and Min
neapolis and go home along the Mis-
sissippi river, stopping at every town
on the way.
Because of their devotion to their
children Mr.. and Mrs. Mccullough
want to bring about the best posi-
Bile laws and the best possible condi-
tons for all children, and they are
convinced this will be effected only
when women have the ballot.