davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1912-08-19
CITY NEWS.


| Largest line of harness to select
from In the city at sherwood's.
i G. ]. Bode and family have return
ed from a two weeks camping vaca-
ton near Sandusky.
Knights and Ladies' OF Security.
Keokuk council No. 1899. will meet
In regular session at o'clock at A.
o. q. ". hall Monday evening. "A
large attendance is desired
Fred Kukenmeister, who is install
| Ing the Fiber Tubing department in
the American Rice and Cereal COM
pany plant will move int Sne house
at 902 Concert street, Saturday, which
is vacated by the removal OF A. II.
Rich to s03 Franklin street
Buy everything you want In the
harness or buggy line at Sherwood's.
&c. E. Russey expects his family
to arrive in the city this afternoon.
where they will make their future
home. Mr.. Russey will be associated
with the American Rice and Cereal
company In an official capacity. They
will reside at 7o2 Orleans street
| A. Bailey, D. Luscomb. ". P. and
Allen Smith, all connected with the
Liberal Arts department of the Uni
versity OF Iowa, arrived IN the city to-
| day from Iowa City. They made the
trip In skin and after looking over
i the dam will return by rail to Iowa
City.
Next Saturday, the American
Rice and Cereal company vii! have
as their guests, Howard Humphrey,
Of the ]. F. Humphrey and Company.
OF Bloomington, Ill.,, Wholesale groc-
ers, and about thirty Of their Office
men and statesmen. The party will
be entertained by the local firm and
taken over the new plant and the big
works in the river. They win be In
the city Saturday night and will leave
Sunday afternoon for Blooming ton.
Under the caption. "a Gem"
George A. Wrightman, editor Of
Iowa Factories reproduces In the
August number OF his publication the
address delivered by c. NJ Rich, OF
this city before the Manufacturer
convention recently held In Sioux
City. inviting the convention to meet
! in Keokuk in 1918. The address has
appeared in The Gate City but its re-
appearance in the Iowa Factories" In
dicates that the editor Of that excel
lent magazine sees the beauty In the
address and gives 1t additional public
ity.
The following patents we're grant
ed to Iowans for the week ending Aug
ust 10, 1912, as reported by Wilfred G.
j Lane. successor to Clarence ]. LOTUS,
Patent Attorney. Croker Building,
j Des Moines, Iowa: No. 1.0s5,557
i steam-trap. c. A. Durham, MARSHALL
town: No. 1.os5.431 combined wind
/ mill, derrick and reservoir, 0. F. Eric
son, Stratford; No. 1,0s5,357 suspend
ers, r. Kaschewski. Oskaloosa; No. l.
os5,3Ts pitch board. c. NJ. HITLER, Mt.
Pleasant; No. 1.D35,62S device for
binding and tying corn shocks. G. 7.
Meyers, New Virginia; No. 1,o35.232
starting device for explosive-engines,
". 8. Regur, Des Moines: No. 1885,
654 power transmission mechanism. ].
Swanson, Davenport; No. 1.035,505
gate-fastener, T. J. Williams, Shelf
field: No 1.0s5.3s7 resilient wheel. A.
Lock. Hayfeld; No. 1,os5.759 auto
matte safety for freight elevators,
"a. w. Underwood Council Bluffs.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1912-08-19
PERSONALS.

Miss Hazel Wharton has gone to Fit
Madison for a visit with friends.
Miss Josephine Whitman has gone
to Denmark, where she will spend the
next few days.
sir. and Mrs. c. r. Mark, OF Daven
port were visitors In the city yester
day.
DR.. A. w. Teal OF Kahoka Mo-. and
a party Of friends were Keokuk visi
tors yesterday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Bennett OF st
Louis are visitors In the city today.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1912-08-19
Rain Damaged ToIIettes.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.l
PARIS, Aug. 9.-One hundred thou
sand dollars damage TO gowns and
hats by yesterdays shower during the
Grand Prix at the Deauyille races is
pronounced by Paris modistes and
milliners today conservative figure.
The rain lasted but few minutes but
came down In bucketfuIls.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1912-08-19
FUNERAL RECORD.
, >>>>>>>~ ~~e~ =
Mrs. Sarah Hoffman.

The funeral Of Mrs. Sarah Hoff-
man who died at Missouri Valley, Ia,
Friday afternoon at o'clock, and
whose remains arrived in Keokuk Sat
urday night, as announced In The
Gate City Sunday morning, occurred
at 8 o'clock this afternoon from the
undertaking parlors OF e. e. Hawkes.
to st. Mary's Catholic church, whers
the ceremony was performed by Rev.
rather Giglinger. The burial was In
the Catholic cemetery.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1912-08-19
ICE
MARCHEFKE

z
Broadway to the stanwix hall where
District Attorney Whitman and an as
sistant, H. H. Steinberg, registered at
midnight. Schepps was cheerful and
shook hands with Whitman as II
meeting an old friend. After very
brief conference at the hotel, the party
took the $50 train for New York.
When asked at the hotel II they want
ed breakfast, schepps grinned and
said:
Not before breakfast time Whit
man would not talk for publication
but the district attorney appeared to
be immensely. pleased at meeting his
long-sought man.
q ;
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
TACOMA WOMAN
FIGHTS FOR
FORTUNE

(By United Press Leased Wire. J
NEW YORK. March "a bit
ter fight Is on in the courts here
between two women each descrbb-
ing herself as his widow for the
81, 900, 1000 estate of Colonel Will
lam j. Sutherland. an American
mining man who died last April In
England.
In claimants are Agnes Pear.
man Sutherland of Tacoma and
Mrs. w. j. Sutherland of San
Francisco. The former is the
woman named in Sutherland
will as his beloved wife," but
Mrs. w. J. Sutherland entered
suit to enforce her claim to the
estate, alleging she was married
to Sutherland in Boston In 1874
and was never divorced. Suther-
land bequeathed his entire estate
to Agnes Pearman Sutherland.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
Raid Headquarters;
Suffragettes Face
Term In Prison

(By United Press Leased Wire. }
LONDON, March 6.-Deter-
mined to end the reign of terror
through England caused by the
activities of the suffragettes, the
government today inaugurated a
policy by which all those de-
stroying property of any sort will
be sentenced to seven years i'm
prisonment as common felons.
This was announced by Police
Inspector Mccarthy after a raid
on suffragette headquarters. He
said:
Hereafter women breaking the
laws will be treated just as every
one else committing crime is
treated"
All those arrested under the
new rule will be charged with con-
spiracy. The first so charged
were Pethrick Lawrence and his
wife. Christabel Pankhurst elud-
ed the police.
Stunned by the government an
nouncement, the leaders of the
militant suffragettes conferred to-
day as to whether to continue their
demonstrations when prison SEN
fences are certain, with their ac-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
POLICE RESORT
To CLUBBING
(By United Press

(By United Press Leased Wire
LAWRENCE, Mass, March e.
Renewing their physical force"
tactics with the textile strikers
here, police and militiamen chsrg-
ed crowd of picketers at the
Arlington mills today and arrest
ed ten women and five men on
charges of intimidation and as
|sault. The strikers assert that the
charge was unwarranted claiming
that the picketers were only try
ing to induce workers not TO re-
turn to the mills until granted the
Is per cent increase.
The police allege the strikers
carried bags of red pepper and
feared they would attempt to
tlind the workers who wished to
take advantage of the five per cent
increase offered by the mill own
ers.
The police refrained from club
bling women. One striker resist
ed arrest and was severely beaten.
More men are at work in the
mills today than at any time since
the strike started. Mill owners
assert the strike Is broken but
the strikers declare that 12,000l
operatives are still out.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
POLICE DENY
STORIES OF
BRUTALITY
(By United Press Leased Wire. }

(by JniIeu ffeSS Leased wire.
WASHINGTON, d. c., March @.
Mrs. William Howard Taft was
a spectator today when the story
OF Lawrence was continued before
the house committee on rules
The interest of Mrs. Taft was cen
tered in the 10 little children, the
mark of toll stamped upon their
pallid faces, who had come to
Washington as living exhibits.
Police Commissioner Lynch OF
Lawrence admitted that women
and children had been jailed, but
didn't know why"
He tried to minimize the affair
by saying the women and children
had been merely detained and
not arretsed." He was unable TO
give a reason.
Admission that Lawrence strik-
ers had been dubbed and bayon-
cited was made by John Sullivan,
a Lawrence police captain.
Commissioner Lynch said city
officials tried to arrange a meet
ing between the strikers and mill
owners. The strikers were will
ing but the operators refused,
Lynch said.
81 saw the crowds storming the
jail and asked the mayor to call
out the militia. The children were
prevented from leaving Lawrence
because it was feared they would
not be properly cared for. If wom-
en- and children were dubbed and
arrested Captain John Sullivan
was responsible" added Lynch.
Sullivan admitted a 16-year-old
boy had been bayoneted. The
STRIKERS, he said, wrecked trolley
cars and threw ice at passengers,
adding that he and a companion
dubbed some of the strikers TO
restore order.
Sullivan was emphatic that
women and children had not been
dubbed. He denied that there
was any violence the day children
were to be taken to Philadelphia.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
Court House Sleuths On
McMurrays Marriage Trail

,niture with McMurray's name on
it at the N. p. freight warehouse,
Also that Miss Anna Heggan, the
lady in the case, has given notice
lof removal from her apartments at
the Ruston. And that she, left nc
forwarding address at the pestof.
flee. 49,
Miss. Heggan was formerly, q
lefty. school teacher. McMurray Is
accounted one of the best matri-
lpionial catches of the year.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
Combine Bonds To
Catch Everybody

The council has finally decided
on its bond issues. 1t proposes:
$4,000 for the bridge lower
deck.
$125,000 for the two South Ia
coma, jefferson av. and the Point
Defiance roads.
$4,000 to help double-track
North | st.
The council today passed the
Ordinance submitting the bridge
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06

companying loss OF social caste.
1he majority thought the end
Justifled the means.
The government officials are
perusing letters and documents
seized in the raid ON the suffra-
gette headquarters. They found a
complete plan of campaign which
Mrs. Emmaline Pankhurst and
other leaders had prepared, and
that this will be used as a basis
for conspiracy charges.
TO further cripple the suffra-
gettes the government plans to at
tach the funds of the organization
to reimburse out of them those
parsons whose property was dam
aged by sufrfagette outbreaks.
More than 100000 is available
for this purpose.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06

is McMurray married YETI" is
getting to be popular query at
the court house. -
The genial bachelor prosecutor
only smiles. Il
One report had it that McMur-
ray was going to run up to Vic
toria Monday and have the knot
tied. But he's still in town.
The amateur sleuths at the
county building have dug, up the
fact that there's a carload OF fur
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
Fierce Battle Soon
I'm Chihuahua and
Rebels Confident

Wealthy Mexicans are being
seized daily in Juarez by rebel
troops and held for ransom. Pri-
mito Enriciz was seized as he was
attempting 10 cross the border,
and was released after paying the
vasquistas $1,000. Friends In
El Paso furnished the money.
The rebels have demolished the
track of the Mexican Central
railroad at Juarez. This deters
the Mexican refugees.
Col. Ponce. in command of the
1900 revolutionists. left In
Juarez. This deters the Mexican
refugees.
Col. Ponce. In command OF the
1900 revolutionists left In Juarez,
is having considerable trouble.
Many soldiers threaten to mutiny
and 800 ringleaders were dis
armed last night.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
Elopers Arrested
In Portland

(By United Press Leased Wire.
PORTLAND, Ore, March g.
Zada K. Palmer, 20, sister of A.
M. Palmer, department manager
of Bullocks department store in
Los Angeles. and Frank r. Fish
er, %, with whom she eloped
from California, are being held by
the police here today. The young
couple were taken into custody
last night on telegraphic informa-
ltion from California.
The said the intended to be
married as soon as she was q
years of age. She had promised
her father on his death bed not K
! marry until then, she said.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06

London. Berlin and the Riviera.
Her beauty had been placed on
canvas by noted painters. She
had been courted by men of
wealth, including Baron Jim
mie' Rothschild. She was origin
ally 1.-The beautiful Betsey Faux
ner," daughter of cultured Boston
people In moderate circumstances.
She was deserted by her first hus-
band, Irwin Chapman, and d.
vorced him. For a time she was
on the stage. Now 1t is reported
that she will go to Europe in May
and become the bride of French
nobleman.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
1Hy united Pres. I,cnscd wire. ]

(By United Press Leased Wire. }
Ell PASo, Tex, March Ere.
inforced by 200 men under the
command of Col. Jose Delasoto
Gen. Francisco villa, at the head
of 1000 Mexican federal troops
today is marching on chihuahua
to give battle to the combined
rebel forces of Generals Pascual
orozco. Emelio Campo and Yne7
SalaZar.
This is the result of direct or
ders from Francisco 1. Madero
who hopes General villa will be
able to check or at least delay
the rebel advance on Mexico City
AS the rebel force is vastly supe-
rior, 1t is believed the revolution.
airy commanders will more than
hold their own. The march on
the capital will be started tomor'
row.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
CAPT. LAFFIN DEAD

Captain Alfred H. Latin, Ct,
of the U. S. cable ship Burnside,
died at his home at Edgewood
yesterday from heart trouble. He
leaves widow, one daughter,
Mrs. A. c. Martin. Seattle, and
two sons, A. G.. and F. l.. Latin
of Tacoma.
Captain Latin was one of the
best known marine men on tn,
coast,
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06

,UUIUb.
The others will be passed next
week. The North l double track
will be put by itself for fear preju.
dice against the street car COM
pany will defeat the whole thing
The other road schemes will be
put together so the South Enders
will vote for the Point Defiance
scheme and the North Enders will
vote the South Tacoma roads.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
ROOSEVELT Is FAVORITE

A presidential straw vote taken
at the Y. Nj. c. A. today showed
the following figures: Roosevelt
70, LaFollette IS, Taft Is, viii.
son 8, Bryan IL, Chaplin 8. Roose-
welt had a clear majority.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
COAL STRIKE
IS ABOUT
BROKEN

(By United Press Leased Wire. }
LONDON, March 6.-Relief for
the millions of suffering poor
throughout the United Kingdom
appeared in sight today when an
nouncement was made that the
coal miners leaders were seriously
considering acceptance of the gov
|ernment's assurance enacting O
minimum wage law and returning
to work.
The minimum wage bill will be
introduced in the house of com
mons tonight.
The suffering of the poor was
increased today. Food supplies
have dwindled rapidly and many
are suffering of hunger. In but
a few hours more many will face
starvation. In the poorer dis
tricts families in desperation from
the cold are burning furniture to
keep warm.
~ Great pressure Is being
brought to bear on the leaders OF
the miners by boards of other
unions whose funds are drained
and who are urging the miners to
accept the governments promises
NEWCASTLE, England, March
6.--With freight traffic at a
standstill and every industry
closed, the poor have no fuel and
are suffering intensely from the
cold.
GLASGOW, Scotland, March g.
Scotland is paralyzed today
Prices of bread scared and the
poor face starvation. Coastwise
shipping has entirely ceased, and
but few passenger trains are run
ming.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
WILL HOLD MEETING

There will be meeting of the
Norwegian Republican league at
the Danish Brotherhood hall, 1888
Tacoma av. tomorrow evening.
H. e. KNATVOLD,
President.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06

JACKSON, Miss.--Both houses
of the Mississippi legislature yes
terday adopted joint resolution
asking U. S. Senator Leroy Percy
to resign as he promised II de-
feated In the primaries last year.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
BUCKLEY SOCIALIST WINS

Buckley socialists reported In
today that they had elected John
Foseide. their candidate for school
board. over Grant Bartholomew.
Saturday, by a vote OF 1877 to 143.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
ANTARCTIC DASHES o
THE PAST.

D Capt. Cook, British navy,
D 1772, was the first person to
o cross the Antarctic circle,
D went II degrees 10 minutes
D south.
3 Bellingshausen, Russian,
D 1920, 60 degrees 50 minutes
o south.
D James Weddell, British,
Q 1928, IA degrees Is min
Q utes.
D Lieut.. Charles Wilkes,
g American, explored what is
O now called Wilkes Land,
. 1899.
o James Clarke Ross, Brit
Q ish, discovered what is now
o Ross sea, 1910, II degrees
D south.
Q G. s. Mares, British, with
D first steamship to enter Arc
o tbs circle, the Challenger, dis
o covered the fact that animal
. life covered the floor of the
D polar seas, 1874.
0 Capt. r. II. Scott, British,
o 10000, 80 degrees IT min
o utes south.
o Ernest Shakleton, British,
Q 10000, 88 degrees 23 min
Q utes soulful miles from
o the pole.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
CAPTAIN SCOTT
A POLAR HERO

Capt. Robert F. Scott is an
officer of the British navy,
the scion of a famous Eng
fish naval family. He COM
manded the Discovery" ex-
petition in the Antarctic re-
gions, 1902-1904. planting
the British flag at>S2 de-
grees IT minutes south.
Ernest Shackleton, who in
10000 reached 'farthest
south"--111 miles from the (
pole, was member of
SCOTS first expedition.
Scott's latest polar eXpedi-
ton has cost over 100000
subscribed by British people ,
and government.
He sailed from London on ,
the Terra Nova June 1, 1910,
stopping AT New Zealand on
his way to Ross sea in the
Antarctic regions.
The Terra Nova is the
largest and strongest Of the
old Scottish whalers.
She was built at Dundee in (
1884; 1877 feet long and 32 I
in beam. (
Since 1903 the Terra Nova
has been engaged in polar I
trips, having been in both [
the Arctic and Antarctic re- I
gions.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1912-03-06
TDoF OIL sCIoN's BEAUTIFUL WIFE.


"a rhis is new photograph of
III Roy Pierce, whose marriage
70 sPierce was annulled on the
ground that he was intoxicated at
the time. Pierce is a son of the
millionaire oil man and It Is said
That the family settled with the
wife for several hundred thousand
dollars. Testimony at the divorce
trial gave Pierce a bad reputation.
Young Pierce's wife Is known
In. the society of New York. Paris,
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1912-09-05

Some years ago we had a little
controversy with our good old friend,
Mai. Jno. w. Holmes of the BarnWell
People, because he made the asser-
ton that the people of Anderson
county were benighted. We dis
agreed with him then, but since read
ing the results in last weeks pri-
mary in that county we want to take
it all back and admit that We were
sadly mistaken. Maj. Holmes will
please accept assurances f our most
distinguished consideration.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1912-09-05

In the primary just held 35,831
more votes were counted than in the
primary two years ago. Where did
they all come from, and why have
they never voted before? Everybody
is bound to admit there is something
wrong. Even Blease admitted in his
speech one night last week that too
many votes had been cast, but he
said then the Jones men had stuffed
the ballot boxes Later when he
found out he was ahead he said he
was honestly elected.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1912-09-05

1t is said that the next legislature
will be anti-Blease, so we are not in
such bad shape after all. The gov
ernor should remember that the
legislature can impeach him and
he should be careful of his actions.
We don't blame him for standing by
his friends when he can find friend
just as competent as the other man,
but the question of whether man
voted for or against him should not
be considered in affairs of State.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1912-09-05
JESUS, LOVER OF MY SOUL.
Charles Wesley's Famous Hymn Was
Inspired by a Frightened Bird.

Religion has always been welded
to song, whatever the stage Of civili-
zation or the form of worship.
Rhythm and melody have acted and
reacted upon the religious life OF
the world, until it is easy to under
stand how the largest and most per
manent contribution one can make to
the religious life is to write for it
new song which will lift it on the
wings Of praise and prayer to the
higher things.
The greatest hymn written by un-
inspired man is undoubtedly Jesus,
Lover of My Soul" written by
Charles Wesley.
1t stands next to and possibly be-
side the great song of David, which
is called the Twenty-third Psalm
the little brown thrush of all earth
songs homely, but sweet to human
hearts: "The Lord Is My Shepherd.
Wesley's hymn shares with David's
the honor Of bringing peace and
comfort to the largest multitudes;
to have been the earliest lisped in
childhood and the last to linger on
the tongue when the singer crosses
the bar.
Jesus, Lover of My Soul' is one
Of the noblest expressions OF Chris
tian faith and hope in all literature
and so shares with the Twenty-third
Psalm the first place in the hearts
OF thousands as the two voice the
prayers of Christendom.
Charles Wesley wrote this hymn
at the age of 80, and the story OF
it's origin is that he stood by an
open window on a summer day, and
a little bird, frightened by thun-
derstorm, flew into the room and
sought refuge there; this incident in
spired the writing of this hymn.
Henry Ward Beecher, speaking OF
his fathers death and his love for
this hymn, said: Il would rather
have written that hymn of Wesley's s
than to have the fame of any kind
on earth. 1t is more glorious. There
is more power in it. I would rather
be the author of that hymn than to
have the wealth of the richest mil
lionaire of New York. He will die
and pass out of mems thoughts. He
will have done nothing to stop
trouble or encourage hope! His
money will be scattered by division.
In three or four generations every
thing comes to the ground again for
redistribution; but that hymn will
go on singing until the last trump
brings forth the angel band and then
I think it will mount up to the very
throne of Cod kansas City Star.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1912-09-05
Deep Roots.

Bobby had the toothache and his
jaw was badly swollen before he
summoned up courage enough to go
to the dentists to have the tooth
pulled. The dentist was encourag-
ing.
"All right, Bobby" he said, "we'll
fix that in a second. Open your
mouth"
81 can't" said Bobby; "me jaws
swelled too much
The dentist summoned his assist
ant.
"You take this big hatpin," he
whispered, land when nod you jab
it hard through the seat of the chair
Bobby is in
Then he turned back to Bobby.
Come on, Bobby" he said again;
"open your mouth
Il can't" said Bobby, "me jaws"
Just then the dentist nodded and
the assistant jabbed hard. Bobby
emitted a terrific yell and when he
opened his mouth the dentist got the
tooth.
"Well,' he said, Il got her, Bobby,
didn't -"
"You sure did," said Bobby, rub
bing himself where the hatpin had
penetrated, "but gee, doc, I never
knew de roots went down so IT,
Ladies' Home Journal.