The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1912-02-16

clover for hay? If SO, how ma
re acres? Shall he grow corn, whe,
n oats, potatoes, alfalfa? If SO, VIII
proportion of his farm shall he deyo
to each? Shall he keep dairy COW
., beef cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry?
= so, to what extent? Shall he buy
e twine-binder? If SO, shall he buy tv
;. small ones or one large one? VIII,
. sizes OF plows, harrows and graiI
= drills shall he provide? How man
: work animals will be needed? Ho,
! many laborers? What crops CON
j pete with each other for labor at tn
same time of year, and which crop
lit well together SO that when one re
quires labor the other does not? VIVA
does each and every farm operatio,
cost? And what profit may fairly b,
expected, under local conditions, from
the various crops and types of live
STOCK! These are questions of man
agement, and out of them the science
or farm management is rapidly devel.
oping.
This science presents four aspects
First, we have the vast fund Of in.
formation to be derived by gathering
up and interpret farm experience:
second, a study of the costs of farm
operations and the profits derived
therefrom, as well as a study of the
whole question of farm records and
bookkeeping; third, the character and
cost OF farm equipment, standards
or farm labor and the distribution
OF capital between the various phas-
es OF equipment; fourth, and not
least important, the reorganization
and redirection of the farm in the
light OF scientific discovery and of
the properly interpreted experience
OF other farmers. This, in brief. is
the farm management idea as it has
been developed in this department"
with full understanding of each
OF the four lines of work outlined
above by Mr.. Spillman, it will be seen
that the ultimate purpose of the
office of farm management is the or
ganlzation or the redirection of agri-
culture along profitable, systematic
cal and permanent lines. 1t will
also be seen that the results Secured i
from the first three phases of the
work are largely the means by which
his is accomplished.
Farming is very different from
most other lines of business in that
deals with such host of variable
IND frequently unknown factors.
among these we may mention the fol-
owing: Climatic conditions such as I
leVatlon, air drainage and precini-
ALTON largely determine what crops a
lay De grown successfully. Climatic
ondltions also have a marked influ- c
nee In determining what types of d
Vestock may be kept on the farm. 1
mere are localities in the wheat belt q
the Inland Empire whose rainfall u
entirely too scant to permit the o.
owing of such cultivated crops as ST
rh' potatoes, beans, peas, etc., in OF
cad OF summerfallowing the land &c
lere are other localities where all
these crops as well as many 9TH m
may, under proper management he
profitably and successfully grown ali
Inc character of the soil places Ia
nltatlons upon the kinds of crops pr
Itch may be grown and the type of fe'
estock Kept. The soil may be wet be
only fit for meadow, or it NAV I'M
steep or rocky and suitable for VIC
'ture. Some farms have land that no
adapted to orcharding while others me
We not. cos
The topography of the farm often pre-
ermines the kind and size of, ma mu
merry and implements used. This pos
viii De seen may seriously affect IN
cost of operation. abb
he location of the farm with ref hor
nee to transportation and market the
lltles sets limits both as to crops mol
livestock that may be profitable obs
he size of the farm has much to to
With determining the type of farm BILE
which will be satisfactory under beef
ain conditions. Equipped with area
good horses and six-horse imple- the
Us throughout, one man can farm VIII
acres, growing 100 acres of wheat man
year under the summerfallow time
en- with extra labor only at har- men
time. With the same equipment payi
obvious then, that a man on a That
acre farm would be idle much OF Ia
lie time If growing wheat by the In
method. The smaller the farm belt
more intense must be the TYNE raint
y ming ana the greater must be tivat