Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-12-22

are Latin Americans. OF the 10000
square miles represented in this union,
but one-third belongs to the United
States. Although this organization is
the governments represented, it's infiu-
ence is felt by all of the republics.
In his annual message President Taft
made special reference to foreign af-
fairs. emphasizing the fact that much
had been accomplished toward the har-
mony OF republics on this side Of the
world. A review of specific instances
reveals that several wars have been
artite mediation Of three American re-
publics the trouble between Peru and
Ecuador has been settled. Peaceful
arbitration has settled disputes between
Panama and Costa Rica.
The prevention of war between Haiti
and the Dominican Republic and the stop
ping of war in Nicaragua and in Hon.
duras were partially due to the efforts of
the United States. The restoration of
amicable relations between Argentine Re-
public and Bolivia and an agreement be-
tween Chile and Peru ending the celebrated
Tacua- Africa disputes have been brought
about partly through the pacific attitude
of this nation. When the formal open,ng
of the Pan-American building was made
in April, 1910, this gift of Mr.. Carnegie
was acknowledged with impressive cere-
monies. The President planted the peace
tree which still stands in the patio of the
building.
4
About year ago all twenty-one Amer
lean republics united in honoring an
American citizen by presenting a medal
to Mr.. Carnegie in appreciation of his
gift and his efforts in the cause of Amer
lean peace. They gave such a testimonial
as was never before accorded any man.
(Saruppia with his
gift to the American republics as repre-
senting his interest in Fastening the time
of peace Oil earth, for he has since gwen
a peace palace at The Hague and has es-
tablished great endowment. In his let
ter presenting the n-million dollar en-
dowment fund Mr.. Carnegie expressed
his desire to bring about the abolition Of
International war. He said further that
We no longer eat our fellow-men nor tor
ture prisoners. nor sack cities, but We
still kill each other in war like barba-
rians.
Under the direction of Senator Root,
president of the organization, the endow-
ment is conducting thorough and
scientific investigation regarding the
causes and practical methods Of prevent
ing war. 1t is seeking to establish
a better understanding of international
rights. and a more perfect sense of in
ternatiOnal justice among the Inhabitants
of the various countries.
Prof. John Bates Clark says: Though
it is generally recognized that war may
be due to econom C causes and that 1t
has important economic effects not only
upon belligerents but upon neutrals, yet
the subject has not heretofore been
scientifically investigated"
:. x
The division Of intercourse and educa-
ton, of which Dr. Nicholas Murray But
Ter is the director, aims to educate public
opinion by making known the results of
the investigations conducted by the en-
dowment. This department assists peace
organizations both home and abroad. 1t
strengthens various peace periodicals by
giving them financial aid. and it bears
the expense Of the circulation of such
discourses as Viscount Haldane's paper
on the relation of England and Germany.
standing between nations by the inter-
change of lecturers and educators be-
tween countries, has been one of the
projects of the institution.
DR.. Charles W. Eliot, president emeritus
of Harvard University. was sent as an
emssary to Japan by this order of
pacihStS in the hope that his lectures
would carry an understanding of the
American people to the country SO far
away, and that DIR. Eliot would bring
back to America an understanding of
those whom he visited.
Dr. Nitobe, the celebrated Japanese ed
ucator, who visited the United States in
the cause of the endowment work. lee
tured at many Of the leading universities
and commercial clubs In America I'm his
efforts to bring the new Japan and her
interests closer to our own. AT present