The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-10-25

lAeI0 OF western Cen6oa. Inc govern.
ment first offered free rees to Cana.
was impossible to induce farmers to
accept more than $4,000 trees. The
demand had so grown that next sprins
the distribution would be over four
million and the station could hardly
keep up the supply. Mr.. Ross out
lined the system by which an inspec-
tor visits the farm Of each applicant.
and said that about one-half OF the
men who ask for trees r found to
be unprepared to give them right cul-
ture.
Trees are denied these persons. be-
cause they would only be wasted and
the growing OF trees would be dis
credited. The work Of inspecting
farms was very important. As 1t 10.
a very largo proportion Of the trees
sent out are . success.
BY means of slides Mr.. Ross show
ed much Of the work done at the sta
ton at Indian Head and also how
great improvements had been on
many western farms by planting trees.
Agricultural Engineering.
The department OF agricultural en-.
cheering was a new n at h con-
gress this year and three OF four good
papers. all by Americans. were read.
DIR. F. S. Harris Of Utah, pointed out
~" w s'S past uaineu eeC!a1Acai enc
Gineers had almost all found a better
market for their skill in the cities
than in the country. There was now.
however, need for a corps Of men who
could lay their hands upon the body
of technical knowledge used by city
engineering and fit this knowledge to
the problems Of the farm. Thus we
have now a sort Of hybrid occupation.
agricultural engineering.
1Ia Nut In n rI~~ 80 ~1o-hN@ 1880 A.
carry to the farm the rudiments Of
surveying science, skill in road-mak-
ing. ability to solve home sanitation
problems. skill with farm machinery,
architectural scince adapted to farm
building problems, knowledge of the
use of cement and other material for
construction and q genius for manu-.
featuring farm products.
Water Supplies.
Professor West of Utah read a very
valuable paper upon the subject OF
water supplies for dry farms" He
dealt with the dangers and advantages
of several ource of water supplies,
open springs. dry wells. and drilled
wells. Very emphatically he en-
phasized the necessity OF projecting all
these sources from surface seepages
and impurities. All wells should be
far enough away. from stables and
~ StAOAAA NC llISN 4OI d s1S"
feet down with some impervious SUBJ
stance. and the surface waters turned
back from running in at the top. He
also advocated the installation Of a
domestic water service in the farm
house.
The air pressure tank system In the
cellar was favorably spoken of. In
this system, air and water are pump
ed simultaneously into a tank which
10 IyCJo1lV utNNAA A~ ~L~ 1ll1- TA-
pressure of the compressed air on the
water forces 1t through the piping in
all parts Of the house. This plan
gives good satisfaction and costs less
to install than most people suppose.
Farm Machinery.
Profs. Archer of Idaho and Linfeld
OF Montana both gave addresses upon
the use of farm machinery in the dry
sections. Prof. Archer did not favor
He urged a very large use Of the drag
harrow and encouraged the 8 OF the
disc. This latter should have solid
blades which were not too great in
diameter. Is to 16 inches was better
than a larger size. He also used
weeders Of tho Hallock weeder type,
and he described a homemade cult
vator with knives to cut off weeds be-
low the ground that was now coming
into favor in Idaho.
Prot. Linfield spoke very briefly on
the big problem to. the new settler of
giving the right tillage without ex-
ceeding his means in securing ma.
chinery. Two mais points he made:
First-Carefully secure tools adapt
ed to the precise work to be done.
Second-Never try to work without
power enough to utilize the full eff
ficiency Of the man doing the work.
1t was a big mistake to try to get
along with too few horses. 1t was an
equally great mistake to secure an
engine to do work on a half section
farm where horses could quite we'll
cover the power required. In Mon
tana he did not advocate the use Of
engine on less than at least a sec.
ton Of cultivated land.