davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
How TO Care For Seed Grain

H. L. Bolley, the botanist of the Ag-
ricultural college, has issued his press
bulletin No. Sc which treats on the bar-
vesting of grain for use or sale as seed
for sowing purposes. He has listed q
number of essential steps which he
says are necessary, as follows: Get
better seed, establish consistant, per-
sistent crop rotation; handle your barn
yard manures properly with reference
to weeds, seeds and root diseases which
they carry; disinfect all seed which you
SOW.
He has divided the question as to how
to get better seed into five subdivisions
and these are headed: Raise your own
seed; harvest the seed when matured;
thresh it as soon as dry, and he says
seed that has been moistened or madaE
wet can never be good seed; store than
seed dry; grade out all the weed seeasS
and lightweight stuff, including dirt.
straw and chaff; the seed should alwayn
be of pure variety and never MIXTURE.
These bulletins can be had by address.
ing DR.. Bolley, Agricultural College. e
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Must Regain Citizenship

Clerk of Court c. M. Cupp of Rolla
has called attention to recent case
in Minnesota involving the rights OF
of q natural-born citizen OF
the United States. Joseph G. Musser
of Rutland, Mimi, natural-born citi-
zen Of this country, moved to Canada
eight years ago and proved up on 9
homestead. After proving up he sold
his farm and moved back to Minnesota
and attempted to vote, when he was
informed that he had lost that right
when he swore allegiance to King Ed
ward, which step was necessary to OBJ
tain title to his Canadian homestead,
Mr.. Musser took immediate steps to re-
gain his citizenship in this country.
Mr.. Cupp states that many men hold l'
similar views regarding this subject
and suggested the publication Of this
illustration Of q prevalent error.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Do Fall Flowing Early

Fall plowing should be done as early
as possible as more weed seeds are
started in early plowing, the stubble
decays better and more nitrates are
formed and other plant food is liberated
in large quantities. Early fall plowing
can be plowed deeper than late fall
blowing without the danger of bringing
up too much soil at once from below.
Early barley stubble and winter rye
stubble can be plowed to good advan-
tage before the general harvest. A
fourteen inch gang plow travelling
eighteen miles day will plow five acres.
In a week it would turn over thirty
acres Of land. If there is any delay in
threshing or stacking the grain due to
wet weather or high winds the gang
plow should be started even if the
shocks are on the fields. They can be
set over on the plowed land with but
little difficulty by the operator of the
plow. From seventy-fve to one hun
dred and twenty-five shocks will have
to he set over a day or from four to
seven shocks per mile the plows travel.
A shock can easily be set over in
from sixty to ninety seconds, thus TAX
ing from four to ten minutes per mile.
The horses should have this much time
to rest, so there is practically no lost
time in plowing land before the shocks
are removed-it is simply an inconveni-
ence for the operator as he has to stop
frequently and set grain shock over
on the plowed land. Set the gang plows
going as early as you can, and keep
them going every day you possibly can
until the fall plowing is done. A four.
teen inch gang plow should average
five acres day or $50 acres month";
On lands that are not inclined to drift
or pack down hard section of har-
row can be hauled after each plow to
very good advantage. w. R. Porter,
Supt. N. ID. Demonstration Farms.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30

when signalled SO to do by the driver
of the said animal propelled vehicle,
stop reasonable time for the driver of
said animal propelled vehicle to get out
of danger and may then pass the ami
NAL propelled vehicle.
Every automobile and motor cycle
shall be provided with bell or horn
and shall ring said bell or blow said
horn when approaching any animal pro-
PEELED vehicle from the rear; also all
gasoline driven automobiles or motor
cycles shall have muffler, and shall
keep the "cutout" closed when driving
on the streets of any town or village or
when meeting or passing any animal
propelled vehicle.
Automobiles shall have at least two
lights in front and one in the rear and
motor cycles shall carry at least one
light
Any person operating any automobile
or motor cycle is liable to fine of not
less than ten dollars, nor more than fif-
ty dollars and may be imprisoned who
fails or neglects to have bell or horn
90 muffler or lights as above specified,
or shall fail to stop when signalled so
to do as stated above or who shall dis
obey the speed law as above set forth
or who shall drive or employ any per-
son to drive any coach or other vehicles
upon any public road or street, who is
addicted to the excessive use Of intoxi-
eating liquors or who shall disobey any
Of the other laws Of the road
No person shall leave any vehicle
with horse or horses hitched thereto
when any passengers remain in the We
hicle, without making said horse or
horses fast with sufficient halter, strap,
rope or chain unless some competent
person is left to take charge and guild
ance Of said horse or horses to prevent
the same running away and if any per-
son violates this rule he is liahle to a
fine of not more than twenty dollars.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Farmers To Have
Cheaper Money
Farmers In European Countries Sc.
cure Money at Rate Of Interest
From = to 4Per Cent

Some time ago the Forum called at
tention to the plan of western farmer
to create national banks for farmers.
His method would supply them with
cheaper money. There are other plans
all with the same object.
Through cooperative methods effect
ed by community organization, the
farmers of most European countries
now enjoy effective plans = through
which they secure money for making
crops at rate of interest ranging from
2 to per cent. This is quite a contrast
as compared to the Z to 10 per cent and
sometimes more, which the American
farmer has to pay, depending upon his
circumstances and the class of security
he has to offer.
These European farmers establish
their own banking institutions for the
purpose of lending money to themselves.
They secure all the money needed to
finance their crops at as low rates as
any business man can get it on the best
of "gilt-edged" security.
This is one of number Of advanced
agricultural movements in which the
European nations are leading America.
They have scored in the application Of
scientific methods to agriculture, and
they know how to get bigger return
out of an acre Of land.
| But the introduction Of a satisfactory
and economical system of rural credits,
together with the applied science of
agriculture viii C h is making rap
id headway in this country, will un
questionably assist in that direction and
result in Increased American production.
| 1t is with this end in view-to give
the farmer cheaper money and to en-
courage him to make better crops-that
an investigating commission composed
of delegates representing most OF the
states is being sent abroad for the spe-
cific purpose of making a careful study
of European systems in rural credits.
While going at the expense of the con-
gress, this commission will go with the
backing of the national government,
the federal congress having passed a
resolution asking for its members the
diplomatic consideration" of the coun-
tries visited.
Report of the results of this investi-
cation to the international Institute Of
Agriculture will be followed by the
widest publicity. Undoubtedly, the sub
sequent establishment in the agricultur-
al states Of similar systems involving a
material reduction in the rate of inter-
est changed on farm loans will be the
result. With an agricultural output
that not only supports this country, but
yields large surplus for distribution
abroad-there is no apparent reason
why the American farmer should not
be able to get his money as cheaply as
does the European.-F
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Roseglen Correspondence

Mrs. Louis HOLDEN and Miss Ragna
Syndsness were visitors at the Ole
Dahlness home Sunday. >
Miss Mabel Barsness has been visit
ing in Ryder and Rice Lake during the
past week.
Mrs. Peder Barsness and Carrie
Koale autoed to Roseglen Monday.
Louis HOLDEN and Paul HOLDEN and
family were callers at the Torger Kol-
den home Sunday.
Every one is now busy harvesting
and it will not be long before it will be
done.
HOLDEN Bros. started in to harvest
on Andrew Anderson quarter Monday.
Andrew was busy hauling twine with
his auto,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Not a Diamond Found

Valley City, N. D., Aug. 2S.-There
is not diamond in Valley City. There
is not the semblance of watch nor the
faintest simmer Of jewelry or person
al adornment, faunted in an egotistical
display of wealth, within the boundary
lines of the city of 'high brows" and
culture. There is not bicycle. No
personal valuables here to incubate the
cleptomaniac or entice the burglar from
afar. Valley City is positively free
from any smuggling scandal.
All the foregoing facts are true but
the good citizens of Valley City did not
know it until the state board of equali-
zation returned the personal property
list of appraised valuation, which orig
mated with the township assessor, to
County Auditor Nelson, with the state
Of North Dakota's stamp of approval.
The assessment sheet shows that the
assessor, always on the alert, suspic-
ious, ferret-like, failed to discover a
real diamond or even a phoney worth
mentioning in the most exclusive man.
sions of the elite, to say nothing of the
complete absence of watches, jewelry
and gaudy adornment such as worn by
the aborigines Of darkest Africa. A
runor was once current that women in
the fashionable set had adopted
the latest fad of wearing anklets, but
of course, an assessor is not supposed
to find everything.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
viii Have Mail Service

Indications are that the U. S. postal
plans on opening up rail-
way mail service on the north branch
of the N. P. from Mandan, just as
soon as possible, there being a law pro-
hibiting such step until the line has
been in continual operation six months
or more. 1t is the opinion of railroad
officials that it will be only a matter of
weeks before daily train service is es-
tablished on the branch, mixed trains
to be run up and back each day with
the exception of Sunday. This is an
indication of great amount of traffic,
which has been carried on since the
opening of the line few weeks ago.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Do You Observe These?

The following rules if observed will
save lot of trouble in this fast world
of ours:
In meeting, teams and other vehicles
shall turn to the right of the center of
the travelled road; any person who vio-
lates this law is liable to fine of not
exceeding $25 and is also liable in dam
ages and to person injured, in person
or property by reason of disobedience
of this law.
When two vehicles are going in the
same direction and the one in the rear
desires to pass the one in advance, the
rear vehicle shall pass to the left of the
one in advance, the advance vehicle
shall turn to the right of the center of
the travelled road to allow the rear We
hicle to pass.
The rate of speed shall never be
greater than is reasonable and proper
having due regard to width, condition
and use of the particular highway, and
the general and usual rules Of the road,
and never at such a rate of speed as
will endanger property or the life or
limb of any person and shall never be
faster than thirty miles per hour at any
time or place, and upon approaching or
crossing dam, bridge, sharp curve or
descent and upon approaching cross
ing or intersecting road where persons
and vehicles are not plainly seen, all
motor driven vehicles shall be kept un-
der perfect control and shall not ex-
ceed in speed one mile in eight minutes.
Vehicles shall not exceed ten miles per
hour in any city or village (and shall be
driven at a lower rate of speed in cities
and villages if the ordinance of said city
or village SO provide.
Any driver or operator in charge of
an automobile or motor cycle outside Of
any city or village shall, upon meeting
any animal propelled vehicle stop said
automobile or motor cycle when siynall-
ed SO to do by the driver of said animal
propelled vehicle and shall remain stop
ped until said animal propelled vehicle
has passed, and if approaching said an
imal propelled vehicle from the rear,
: said driver or operator in charge Of
said automobile or motor cycle shall,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Hellstronn Protests
Against Increase
Makes a Protest to Interstate Com
merce Commission Against
Rate Increase

Warden Hellstrom, of the North Da-
kota penitentiary is doing all in his
power to protect the interests of the
consumers of North Dakota state twine.
The railroad operating between Bis
marck, Duluth and Minnesota Transfer
points, have served notice of raise of
ten cents hundred on sisal and MANILA
hemp for binder twine. Hellstrom's
protest against this raise is on the
ground that it is exorbitant and unjust
and that it discriminates the state of
North Dakota in favor of the harvester
trust and other eastern manufacturers.
The warden is to be commended for his
quick action in the matter in writing
to the Interstate Commerce Commission
at Washington, and asking that he be
given hearing and that the increase,
which was to go into effect on the goth
day of August be suspended until after
the hearing. His letter follows:
Interstate Commerce Commission,
Washington, D. c.
Gentlemen: am just advised that
the lines operating between the Mime
sofa Transfer and Duluth, Minnesota,
have increased the freight rate on sisal
and other hemps and that this rate has
increased from 25c per cwt. to 35c per
cwt., but there does not seem to be a
good valid reason why this rate should
be increased. The present rate has
been in effect for great many years,
and it would seem to me that the pres
ent rate is high compared with the all
rail route from New York to Duluth,
which is 28c. 1t would seem that the
contemplated increase in rates amount
to about 40 per cent, which is an exor-
bitant increase. This rate is scheduled
to take effect on the Goth day of Aug
ust.
"You will please take notice that l
hereby make protest against the in
crease in the freight rate on sisal and
other hemps or fibres, and that de-
mand the right of hearing upon the
question of the reasonableness of the
proposed increase in rate, and that
the rate be suspended, and not take
effect until after such hearing has been
had.
Yours truly,
F. o. Hellstrom,
Warden:"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Advice About Winter Wheat

]. H. Shepperd, dean of the agricul-
tural department of the North Dakota
Agricultural college, has issued the fol-
lowing:
Fall wheat and fall rye distributed
the work more evenly at seeding time,
at harvest time, and in threshing. The
winter wheat and winter rye can be
threshed before the spring grain is
ready to cut. Winter grain land is then
ready to plow during any time that can
be spared for it very early in the sea-
son which helps the chance for crop
the following year. They will keep wild
oats and kinghead down and in this way
clean up the land considerably. Where
they are at home and do well, the yields
of winter wheat and winter rye are
much heavier than those of spring
wheat and spring rye. Their season
for filling is earlier than the dry wea-
ther and rusting periods commonly oc-
cur.
The turkey red winter wheat, which
has been grown in the northwest for
several years,sis the. best seed that l
have been ablesto find. 1t it hard
winter wheat in grade, and withstands
winter conditions here better than any
other sort that ] have tested.
Winter wheat must have snow COW
ering during the winter to survive.
Where rainfall is sufficient to start
the wheat in stubble land, that. plan OF
seeding has brought the largest portion
of the winter wheat through without
winter killing of any plan that have
observed. Stubble land should be mel
low, rich and reasonably clean, however,
to be sown to winter wheat.
It may be disced very lightly with
the disc set almost straight, but even
this much of breaking down Of the
{ stubble will cause the winter wheat to
kill out under severe conditions.
It may be sown in corn fields between
the rows by using a one-horse drill. Il
the corn stalks are left standing, it will
usually live through the winter in any
part Of the state. Where corn is cut
and the stubble left short, however, It
frequently kills out. s
Even where one-fourth Of the corn
4 stalks are left standing, too little snow
\ Is held for the wheat to be carried
through severe winters satisfactorily.
The winter Of 1911 and 1912 was very
hard on winter grain and less than helf h
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
We Wish Them Success

<. r. Adelmann of this city and Har-
ry Wahl Of Washburn are contemplate
ing opening an abstract Office in Nc
Clusky and expect to be ready for busi-
ness about September 1st. The name
Of the new enterprise will be the No
Clusky Abstract Co., and MIR. Abelman
will be its president. We welcome the
new firm to our city and bespeak for
the owners the good will Of the COM
munity. Press.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Malcolm Correspondence

Miss Ella Edd is now entertaining
her cousi in who arrived Thursday from
Chicago.
Norwegian services were held in No.
school house Sunday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Olson and daughter,
Enrchrona visited at the Andrew Lindre
home Sunday.
Miss Ruth Olein visited ct her home
Saturday.
Miss Margaret Casper left on Tues
day for Garrison where she is now
working in the Taylor store.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30

of the winter wheat made crop when
seeded in corn and all of the stalks left
standing. One-horse drills can be had
which will seed winter wheat in corn
we'll, but it is slow process and must
be done at time when labor is not ex-
pensive.
Sowing barley with winter wheat as
a means of protecting it has proven
unsuccessful. The barley willis down
from freezing and affords little protec-
tion.
No. $50 winter rye bred up by this
station is the hardest and best yielding
rye that have found. Winter rye has
usually survived without any protection
from stubble or other growth.
The latter part of August, or, in the
east part of the state, Sept. l, is gen
orally found to be the best time to sow
winter wheat and winter rye. In the
drier districts earlier seeding seems to
be an advantage, although our results
are not uniform. At the Williston and
Edgeley sub-stations, seeding as early
as the middle of August seems to be
satisfactory, while at Dickinson earlier
seeding did.not do as we'll as that sown
the first part of September.
In dry seasons winter grain has a
much more difficult time to get through
the winter when rainfalls are frequent
during the fall. Winter rye will usually
go through the winter without any pro-
lection if sown early. 1t is commonly
safe from winter killing if sown in corn
and the stalks left standing. The labor
Of seeding it in standing corn is heavy
and tedious. No winter grain should
be sown in weedy stubble or where the
ground is not mellow. Sow winter rye
at the rate of six pecks per acre. Sow
winter wheat at the rate of five pecks
per acre in the east third of the state.
Further west lighter seeding may be
advisable.
Put winter grain in at depth of
two and one-half to three inches or
even somewhat deeper if that is neces-
sary to get it into moist ground.
Winter wheat is still in the expert
ment stage. Rye can be sown with
reasonable assur ance of wintering
through the average winter if given
good conditions.
wish to call attention to the fact
that there is always some volunteer
rye the year following the production
of crop of it on a field, which reduces
the value of a wheat crop produced
on it.
If sown to barley the volunteer rye
is of little consequence and the crop
is harvested so early as to catch the
rye seed before it can shell upon the
ground second time.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30

ton 81, M. w. Woodwork 29 and A. D.
Hit 16.
The Washburn score was as follows {:
j. E. Nelson 45, w. j. Bickert 36, T..
j. Haugeberg 80, H. O. Simon 80,
Chas Hanson % and Harry. johnson 16.
At the shoot in Wilton last week
Livergood had high score.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Did Good Shooting

Members of the Wilton and Wash
burn gun clubs met on the home
grounds Tuesday afternoon and made
some record scores. S. R. Livergood
Of Wilton made perfect score of the
first twenty-five. The final score for
the Wilton members were: s. r. Liver
good IA, j. F. Brinton IS, H. G. Edger-
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Max Enterprise

Last Saturday the 500 yards in Max
looked like a sister to Chicago. We
had six trains in at one time.
We have heard that Mr.. Lindquist
has put in a claim of $245 for the
six head of cattle killed last week.
This is certainly cheap and Mr.. Lind
quist should have no trouble collecting
it,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Indians Attend School

Supt. James Royce of Wahpeton and
25 young Indian boys and girls Of thd :
Berthold reservation passed through
Washburn Wednesday on their way
Wahpeton where the young folks
attend the Science school. A sS,ss sssIsss N
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
The Totals Of June
Primaries Given
First and Second Choice and Total
Votes are Given In Table Be-
1oW--Not Official

Returns are now in at Bismarck
from all counties and while the official
returns will not be opened until next
week, the following figures will with
out doubt, correspond to the official
figure.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30
Iowa and South Dakota Day

Tuesday, October 8, is Iowa and
South Dakota Day at the second annual
North Dakota Industrial Exposition at
Bismarck. 0, " Poberts of Bismarck,
section directcr of the United States
weather bureau, i. supervising the ar
rangements for tt.at day. All former
residents of these Two commonwealth
who will attend the mammoth land
show should write to him for any infor-
nation they seek.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1912-08-30

Other states are commenting on the
great crops in North Dakota. Some
claim II is the biggest in twenty years.