The Hawaiian gazette., 1912-07-26
CONTINUED from Page One
Line Of work Planned.

Line OF NOIk fAAlAeu.
"This board has been in existence
about two years IL has already deeid-
ed on the lines OF work il proposes TO
follow. These are three in number. The
first relates to international law, its
present condition the world over, its
progress. its Tendencies in development
the world over and the best advances
to be made, the most practicable ad
vanees; the most thorough gains. What
are theyi In what direction should in.
ternatiohal law advanced How can gen
eral interest in the subject be stilnu-
latedi Under this head comes all prog
ress towards methods of arbitration
and the judicial settlement Of interna-
tional disputes.
- 'sThey have tepun work in this di-
reetion. They held conference of
international lawyers, drawn from
eight different nations of the earth,
twenty in number-the number of
\ members, / mean, being twenty. Every
man invited to that conference accept.
cd the invitation and attended. II has
already been held in Berne, in Switzer-
land, on neutral ground.
Effects of War.
I ''The second is the study of the eco
n0mic effects of war, and of prepare.
( tions for war. The gains of peace and
war in this present state of the human
race and of society turn in almost all
cases nowadays on some question of
commerce, trade, competition in indus
try, new fields for manufacturing ma
ton for the distribution of its prod.
ucts. Those are the modern sources of
war and of international disputes
We seem to have got by the stage OF
dynastic wars Those sentiments and
human ambitions which caused dynas
tic wars perhaps linger in few eyes
Their figurative language fingers, l an
sorry to say, in many Christian hymn'
as, for example, The Son of God goe:
forth to war, a kingly crown TO gain!
the worst possible cause for war, anC
gone out of the world. We do not ex
pect in these days to hear any more
of dynastic wars.
No Wars of Conquest.
"Moreover, with trifling temporar!
exceptions, we see no more in tn
world the wars of conquest, the rusl
of a nation of all it's fighting men owe
into the territory of some other peopl
for conquest, that is, for the takini
possession of the lands of other people
converting them to the uses of the con
uuerors. Innumerable are the exam
pies in the world g history of wars o
that kind caused by the desire for neN
territory and in the older days by tn
desire for more slaves-fOr in anclen
times all conquered people were Ell
shaved. That cause of war, with ten
porary and rather slight exception
has ceased now.
Financial Reasons Now.
"Dislikes and distrusts of one PEI
pie for another-generally in moder
days-grow out of financial and con
mercal disputes aud different int
ests; hence the Importance of the Sc
ond topic TO which the trustees of IL
Carnegie Endowment have decided
devote themselves, the economic e
fects of war and of preparations fl
war. These effects are long endurin
They last for generations after Il
war has been waged. They are vel
oppressive and burdensome, and Their
fore the trustees have resolved to gi'
large share of their attention to Il
economic effects of war and of pre-
<lrations for war, which, on the Who'll
are very much more costly, very mu'
more uneconomical than wars thel
selves, because they seem to be perpe
ual annual expenditures on hui
SCALE
"'The trustees have already condu'
ed one conference on this subject. TIL
selected the economists to be summon
and invited them to meet in Berne,
Switzerland again-in little Switz'
land, on neutral ground, and they ]
manned in conference over three wee