Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939, 1912-08-06

it, was devised.
In medieval times throughout Europe
shoes with long pointed or "piked" toes
were worn by the high born, Toward the
end Of the fourteenth century these points
became so ridicuously elongated that
golden chains were used to fasten them
to the limbs of the wearer A law was
finally enacted restricting the length to
which shoes might be made.
Different kinds of half boots were worn
by the Anglo Saxons and the Anglo-Nor-
mans. In the reign of Edward ", if not
earlier, the boots proper, with tops and
spurs, was established as an article of
knightly dress.
In the reign of Charles species of
boot. exceedingly wide at the top made
Of Spanish leather, came into use. With
Charles II a highly decorated French boot
was introduced as an article of gay courtly
attire.
Meanwhile the jackboot, as it is call
ed, had become indispensable in the cos
tune of cavalry soldiers and horsemen
generally. By William III and his fol-
lowers it was regularly naturalized in
England.
This huge species of boot remained In
use in British cavalry regiments, until
comparatively recent times. In a some
what polished and improved form it is
still worn by the Horse Guards. The Jack
boot is almost entitled to be called the pa
rent Of the top boot and some other va
rieties.
What perhaps contributed to break up
their general use was the introduction of
the Hessian boot as an article of walking
dress. Worn over tight pantaloons, the
Hessian boot was a handsome piece of
attire, giving undoubtedly an elegant APP
pearance to the neither costume.
Boots Of this shape were worn by the
English general officers in the early part
Of the French war and somewhat later.
At length they were superseded by the
well-known Wellington boot. introduced
by the great duke as a simpIifcation under
the loose military trouser. When the
name of Butcher was given to the half
boot the Wellington was almost entirely
abandoned in England, in consequence Of
the universal use of short ankle boots.
1t is still largely used in some continent
tai countries and the United States.
SHOEMAkING IN AMERICA.
INTRODUCTION OF MACHINERY.
The first shoemaker on record who came
to America was Thomas Beard who came
in the Maytlower on her second trip. lie
brought with him a supply of hides and
made shoes for the colonists.
The pioneer shoemaker Of Lynn, Mass,
was Philip KertIand, a native of Buck
inghamshire, who settled In what was to
become shoe center in after years. in
1886. OF course, all his work was by hand,
as machines were not then dreamed Of
Kertland taught others his craft. Shoe
making became an industry Of the place,
so much so that fifteen years later Lynn
was not only supplying all the neighbor-
ing towns and settlers, but also the port
of Boston.
Tanning and shoemakmg were men
toned as industries Of Virginia as early
as 164S. Special mention was made of
the fact that a planter named Matthews
employed eight shoemakers on his place
In 1856 legal restraint was placed on
the cord walner in Connecticut, and in
Rhode Island in 1906.
The business of tanning and shoemak-
ing was firmly established in the province
Of New York previous to the capitulatiou
Of the Dutch to the English in 1864
The industry was carried on proHtably
in 1898 in Philadelphia An act regulat-
ing the material and the prices of the
boot and shoe industry was passed by the
legislature Of PENNSYLVANIA in L72l.
When a young man desired to become
shoemaker in these early days ne served
an apprenticeship of seven years with
some master shoemaker During this
time the apprentice was instructed how
TO shape the insole and The outsolc. He
depended almost entirely on his eye for
the proportion he was taught TO pre-
pare pegs and to drive them. Tor the peg
shoe was lIn ~tuSt monument tyne CT