davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

to be t~raversed before he a be
brought to the surface. In some mines
these passages are merely dark holes
through which the men have to crawl
on their hands and knees, dragging the
wounded man as gently as possible on
a hastily i~mprovised stretcher. There
is never a lack of volunteers on such
occasions. No one w saw a miner
hesitate to go back to the rescue Of a
comrade.
No miner can think Of the terrible
disasters of Hanna, Wyo., and Cherry.
Ill, without a tear for the men who
gave up their own lives In attempt
ing to save others. There were but
sixteen men In the mine at Hanna
when an explosion occurred. Forty
volunteers went down to bring out the
victims when a second explosion came.
The would be rescuers were all kill
ed. The list included a state mine in
spector and all the superintendent of
mines from the vicinity.
At Cherry twelve rescuers went
down to the aid of the entombed min
ers. When the cage finally came up
the whole twelve were piled up dead
within 1t.
WORKING UNDERGROUND
More coal is produced in P~ennsylva-
mia each year than in any other area of
equal size in the world. The coal there
is found in the Blue or North noun
tain range, and the mining is done
between the surface. where
there Is al ~outcropping. down to the
depth Of 1000 feet. Some of the veins
lie nearly fat in the mines. while
others are at steep inclines, approach
ing the vertical. Generally the coal
deposited will be In the form of a
great basin, with the base quite hori-
zontal toward the bottom, while at the
rim 1t Is almost vertical.
After q shaft has been sunk there
are cut right and left into the vein a
gangway the highway Of the mine)
and an air shaft. q tunnel parallel to
the gangway and above 1t. Then at
right angles to the air shaft are driven
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Patience Rewarded.

Householder Din pajamasl-By Joys.
a real burglar! | say, just a minute
will you?
Burglar-While you call a copper!
don't think!
Householder-No. Only while I call
my wife. She's heard you every nigbi
for twenty years, and it1l be a real
pleasure to her to see you at last-Ex-
change.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Friendship.

II let my house furnished and they
have had measles there. or course we
have had the place disinfected, so l
suppose it's quite safe. What do you
think?' II fancy it would be all right,
dear, but / think perhaps it would be
safer to lend it to a friend FIRST
Punch.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Unnecessary Apology.

Mr.. Green-Now I'm going to tell
you something, Ethel. DO you know
that last night, at your party, your
sister promised to marry me? | hope
you'll forgive me for taking her away?
Little Ethel-Forgive you, Mr.. Green
of course | will. Why, that's what
the party was for.-St. Louis Post Dis
patch.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Unheedsd petjtior.

Harold. dear. can't you mind man,
ma? What makes you so naughty
Don't you ask God every night to
make you q good boyY"
Yes; / ask him all right. night after
night. but he don't seem to pay no
'tention to me."-NatAenal Monthly,
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Professional Reinsurance.

Doctor, | want you to look after my
office while I'm on vacation"
But I've just graduated, doctor.
Have had no experience"
"That's all right, my boy. My prac
tice is strictly fashionable. Tell the
to play golf and ship the lady pa
tents off to Europe Louisville Cou-
rie~r-Journal.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

Mistress-So you've decided to re-
main with me, Mary1
Maid-Yes'm. A lady friend said I'd
petter stay. She said I was to look
upon you as my thorn and bear it,
Boston Transcript.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Life In Fiat

There was an old woman
Who lived In q shea
And that she was ervwdsl
Is certainly true.
She lived with her chf1drun
But even at that
They found II more roomy
Than many q fal
Judge.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
Proof Of plstv

IA shs Of a religious turn Of mind?"
VERY. She W misses a church
supper."-Detroit Free Pres.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

wages were low until n use ~ a"
tbracite for the purpose OF smeluns
and the opening of new railroads gave
them an upward tendency, which was
materially advanced until the civil war.
Toward the close Of the war contras.
miners made as high as 500 10 Wv
a month. when a decrease in wages De-
ran. which finally led the miners u
strike.
MINE STRIKES
Ths strike was ordered on April ~
q to go into effect on May ~. IN
the upper Pennsylvania coal regions
the strike continued from April 70 Au-
gust. ave months. In the lower II
,s.tsd hut six weeks. Its main object
was stated to DO the rsstr1ction Oh INC
output :,
sliding scales were established In
the Lehigh and S~chuylkill districts IN
q q When the operators found ina
these scales worked to their disadvan-
tase they lowered the bases where
upon the next year there was another
strike. the men remaining Idle for sew
eral months. Meanwhile the operators
in the northern field, by paying better
wages, kept their men At ano
secured permanently much OF the
trade Of the upper regions
Disastrous strikes In 1871 brought
arbitration into existence IN the
Schuylkill district, where provision
was made for the regular boards OF
arbitration to decide future disputes.
In this year was the first combination
of the railroad companies to compel
individual operators to pay the COM
panies' scale Of wages. In 1873 oper-
ators and companies combined to
maintain prices and to restrict produc-
ton. &.
The strike Of 1875, which was order
ed In 1875 by the Miners and Labor
ers' Benevolent association against a
reduction Of wages, lasted for six
months. On Jan. /, 1888, the Knights
of Labor ordered a strike. The min
ers went back to work inside Of two
months at the old rate Of wages. The
next strike was the six weeks Of con-
fict of 1900, and later came the long
drawn out conflict Of 1902.
The British coal strike this year af-
fected 100000 workers Immediately
it was declared.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

what are called breasts" chambers
which are worked for the coal.
Through the breasts run buggy roads,
upon which travel small cars. The
track follows the development Of the
breast and when this is worked out is
removed.
The inside foreman and his assist
ants direct the entire workings under
ground. The fire boss, under the direc-
ton Of the foreman, must see that all
the working places are free from In
furious gases and must inspect all used
places in the mine before the work
men get there and after they leave.
The door and fan boys guard the heavy
wooden doors dividing the gangway,
opening and closing them as cars and
men pass in and out. These doors are
for the purpose of carrying air cur
rents into the proper breasts where
the men are at work. In some mines
automatic doors have been provided.
The drivers employed underground
have charge of from one to four mules
hauling empty and loaded cars to and
from the miners working places. The
mules are usually cared for In under
ground stables. Where mules are not
used men called runne are employed.
OF the vast number employed in the
mines only a comparatively few are
really engaged in mining.
The breaker boy of the anthracite
coal regions is in a class by himself.
Nowhere else In the world can you
find boys of such tender g who work
so hard as the boys in the great black
dust clouded breakers. They stay in
the breakers until they are about IF
teen; then they follow the footsteps
of their fathers, leaving the coal clean
ing structure and going into the coal
producing depths.
THE BREAKER
To one who has been In the
coal region the word breaker conveys
10 idea of the real structure. 1t Is
from 100 to $50 feet high and covers
an area larger than the average city
block. It's size, black color, peculiar
shape and adjoining hill of refuse call
ed the culm pile, all make 1t an object
to challenge attention. 1t Is built of
both wood and iron and contains count
less windows. To the top of the man.
moth structure the coal is taken fresh
from the mine In carloads and dumped
into the c~rushers, which swallow tons
at a time. Leaving the c~rushers, the
coal passes by gradual stages down
between rollers where the various
sizes drop through into chutes arrang-
ed for them and into the care Of the
boys whose duty It is to pick out pieces
of slate, SO that the coal reaches the
cars waiting below free and clear from
all alloy. These lads sit In the coal
bins all day. About 200 boys are en-
ployed to a breaker.
While the existence of hard coal has
been traced back to 176S, the earliest
record OF its use as a fuel Is in 1871.
although it did not become an industry
until 1920, the first shipment being
made by rail In 1912 from P~snnzyfva-
mia.
In the early days Of TIE induseu
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

King Arthur had Just invented tha
round table.
Can you invent q bureau thaa a
mans wife win let him have two draw.
srs orr We asked-Nsy York sun.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20
RecolIections.

Recollections.
with emotion he gazed on her slipper.
1t held him as though by a spell.
In his tenderest spot IL had touched MIN
And caused his young bosom to swell
Neither dainty nor small were its outlines
Twas sturdily fashioned and made.
For the slipper belonged to his mother
And often on Johnny wal laid.
New York ssA
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1912-04-20

"Ya-as; it's got lots of style. but u
makes me look so deuced tall!"-Har'
per's Weekly.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
KIMMEL DEFENSE
RESTS ITS Case
Counsel For the Plaintiff Starts
Rebuttal Of the Testimony
Today
PHOTOGRAPHS AS EVIDENCE
Claimant Denounces His mother"
While on the Stand
She, However. is Little Affected by
His Criticism, Apparently Be-
ing Unconcerned.

st. Louis, Feb. 2s.-After Offering
documentary evidence dealing with the
photographs of George A. Kimmel ami
claimant" the defense in the famous
mystery insurance hearing rested its
case this morning, and the plaintiff
began a rebuttal of the testimony
Mrs. Jessica w. Pierson of Niles.
Mich, childhood friend of George A.
Kimmel, was put on the stand for
cross examination this morning when
the United States district court here
opened the fourth weeks proceedings
in the Kimmel insurance hearing, IN
which an insurance company of New
York is being sued by defunct bank
of Niles, Mich, for the recovery of
insurance on the life of KimmeI. who
disappeared from Arkansas City. Kan.
in 1898.
Testimony Of five persons. four of
whom appeared in person, that their
eyes have changed color since they
reached maturity. was introduced by
the insurance company. The purpose
of the testimony was to show that
George A. Kimmel's eyes. which were
deep brown i'm color might have chang
ed 20 light blue. the color of the Kim
mel claimants eyes. The differenceI
In the color of his eyes has been one
of the strongest points raised against
the claimant Experts have testified
that eyes do not change color after a.
person reaches maturity.
While the claimant was on the stand
for discrimination, he proved a
witness. and took occasion
TO denounce Mrs. Estelle Kimmel,
who repudiates him. Mrs. Kimmel.
who was i'm the court room seemed
unaffected by these words.
"Kimmel" accused Mrs. Kimmel Of
having shed stage tears" while on the
witness stand.
'You put my mother on the stand
and posted her to shed stage tears"
said the witness. "What love has my
mother shown for me since I disap-
peared? When friends went to console
with her for my disappearance where
did they find her? At a party. What
love or sympathy has she ever shown
for mep Did she ever put n black
ribbon on herself when she sat up here
and shed crocodile tearS?"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
FOR INDUSTRIAL PEACE.
Important Question To Be Considered
BY Civic Federation.

Washington, ID. c., FEB. 2S.--Advices
received by the committee in charge
Of the local arrangements indicate that
nearly all Of the forty eight States will
be represented by delegates at the an
nual convention Of the National Civic
Federation To be held here next week.
The live Importance OF the subjects
scheduled for discussion and the prom
inence of many of the participants
combine to give promise Of the most
notable meeting in the history Of the
organization. The initial session will
be devoted TO the consideration of
ways and means to insure industrial
peace and progress. Cardinal Gibbons
will preside President Taft will oc-
cupy the chair at the succeeding ses-
sions. which will be given over to the
consideration of such problems as are
involved IN the relations of the public
to industrial pensions, compensation
for accidents, and the regulation Of in
dustrial corporations and public utili-
lies
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
STRAW VOTE A SURPRISE.
Debs Beats Taft and Wilson Beats
Roosevelt at u. of M.

Ann Arbor. Mich. Feb 2S.--A straw
vote taken among the students Of the
University of Michigan to determine
the most popular candidates for the
presidential nomination has closed and
II showed among other things that
Bryans III luck still pursues him, for
out of 1886 votes cast. he drew an un-
lucky 13.
The result of the voting showed al
so that there is a greater Socialists
following among the students here
than was generally supposed. as Debs,
Socialist. leads President Taft by SO
votes, the Socialists polling 1872. while
the president had but 14O followers.
Gov Woodrow Wilson OF New Jer-
sey led his nearest opponent, Colonel
Roosevelt. by 81 votes. Wilson polling
449 votes to the SsS of the strenuous
colonel. other favorites voted for were
La Toilette, IL; Clark. GO; Harmon, 5;
Marshall, 4. Hughes Garfield and Fair
banks each had two followers, while
Beveredge. Dix, Osborn and Under
wood were among those who also ran,
with but one lone vote each.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
RETARDED EDUCATION
COSTS UNITED STATES
s25,c0o, 600 ANNUALLY

st. Louis Feb. 2s.-Retarded children
in public schools cost the taxpayers Of
OF the country twenty five million dol
lars a year. In the opinion OF Lucy
Wheelock of Boston. In an address
here tonight before the Department
Of superintendent OF the Nationai
Education Association. i'm session here.
In speaking on The function OF the
Kindergarten in the public scnool sys-
tenn she declared that the kinder
garten can prevent the annual loss due
to retarded pupils She gave figures
to show that the cost OF education per
pupil Increased With each higher grade
that i'm Brooklipe, Mass, for instance,
the city expends S55 for each kinder
garten pupil and S9l for each high
school pupil Every year conserved
for education at the beginning, she
said, is of the utmost economic value.
She attacked the advocates of the
theory that the young child is ''lit-
tie animal" and should be left free
Ito carry out his animal impulses In
some convenient back yard" point
ing to the scarcity of back yards
I'm congested city district and TO
the further fact that the state later
may have to pay $255 year per con-
vict i'm order TO protect itself from
the neglected child who might have
been initiated in his formative period
into the standards and ideals of the
social group at one-tenth of that cost
In discussing the complete activity
demanded by Froebel, she declared that
the lack of fibre and disinclination for
real work discovered among the stu
dents in some universities is not to be
traced to the 17f.ti.hes sporadic and
brief period OF Kindergarten training
but TO social conditions" =.
Master Reginald in his luxurious
home" she said, surrounded by dumb
walters and speaking walters. with
buttons to press for the supply of all
his whims. whose very toys are wound
up to spare him the trouble of starting
them will no doubt carry marks of
enervation with him through all the
school period, which the. best kinder
garten could not eradicate"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
U. S. UNIFORMS SAVE SHIP.
Chinese Rebels Won't Fire on Collier
Containinn Jack lars.


Washington, Feb. 2S.-An instance
of how the American uniform was re-
spected by the revolutionary party i'm
China was illustrated in a letter writ
ten by Rear Admiral Murdock. COM
manding the Asiatic squadron, which
has been in Chinese waters ever since
the revolution began. The letter was
received today by Acting Secretary
of the Navy winthrop.
About January 20 the revolutionary
party sent a boat down the river from
Shanghai to Wusung to clear anchor
ages of all vessels, that the revolution
lists might open fire on the vessels of
the imperial movement. The collier
Abarenda was anchored furthest Of the
American ships up toward the port.
When the order TO vacate the an
chorages was received by whiting l..
Isler, civilian master of the ship,
which is manned by civilians. he de-
eided to stand his ground. According
ly, he hurried all the men he could in
to the uniforms. only half a dozen. and
armed them with rifles.
When the men appeared on deck the
Chinese captain sent word that he
didn't know the Abarenda was a war
ship and particularly an American
ship. 81 thought it was a German"
he explained though the American flag
had been flying from the mast all the
time None Of the American ships was
molested and there was no firing that
day. Admiral Murdock says.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
"cHiNA GREAT REPUBLIC"
New Government Will Take in All OF
the Outside Provinces.

Pekin, FEB. 2S.-The new govern
rlent has decided that the country
shall hereafter be officially styled "the
Great Republic of China" the word
great" being intended to include I'll
bet, Turkestan Mongolia, and Man
churia.
IL has practically been decided &c
convert the Forbidden city into a gov
ernment inclosure. where all the Offices
will be situated.
When the Empress Dowager and the
Emperor depart. the extensive grounds
about the winter palace will be con-
verted into a public park.
Hankow. Feb. 2S.--A portion of the
Republican troops at Wu Chang re-
volted during the night, being dissatis-
fed at not receiving their pay. Con-
siderable lighting was done. but there
are details as to casualties. Foreign
gunboats here have been ordered in
readiness for eventualities. There are
no disturbances in this city.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28

WILLING THAT
CLARK SHOULD KEEP
MISSOURI "DAWo" SONG.

ST Louis, Feb 2S.-Champ shark
can have his dog son. Woodrow VIII
son will not Kick il around or take IL
away, or even divide it with him. as
did the Oklahoma delegation.
Governor Wilson was interviewed on
a train while passing through 81. Louis
Governor. have you heard the dog
song?" someone asked
Il have read the words" replied
Governor Wilson "and I have seen a
good deal of comment on the song.
hut have not had the pleasure Of
hearing il sung"
DO you think that any one candi-
date has right 10 monopolize song
which makes SUCH universal appeal TO
the spirit of democracy"
"As to that" replied the candidate
cautiously. II could not express an
opinion without hearing the air.
And so "A number Of his party caught
the key of the humming carwheels and
sang:
Every rime come to town.
The boys keep a kickin' my dawg
aroun',
Makes no difference if ne is houn'
They gotta quit kickin my dawg
aroun'."
As the last note died away Governor
Wilson gazed pensively out of the car
window. When he realized the ordeaf
was over and that no more was TO be
inflicted on him he looked calmly at
the interviewer and said
Il do not believe il is worth fighting
over"
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
DEMOCRATIC WOMEN TO
GIVE HARM ONY BREAKFAST
TO HELP THE p A r TY

Washnston. Feb. 2S.-The Demo
cratic ladies' propose To take a hand In
national politics this year. The wives
of Democratic leaders at the capital
are planning a harmony breakfast 10
be given here on Molly Madisons
birthday, May 20. with Mrs. Champ
Clark seated between Mrs. Grover
Cleveland and Mrs William Jennings
Bryan presiding as toast mistress. The
wives. mothers, sisters and daughters
of National Democratic leaders will be
Invited to come together for jubi'
lee In the honor list will be the wives
of the men who are mentioned as pres
idential possibilities.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
KUHN'S ruling
BOMB TO ANTS
Attorney General Says Primary
Bill Can Be Given Immediate
Effect
OPPOSITION HAS UwINDLED
Rep. Lucas Introduces Admins
tration Workmen's Bill
Supporters OF Primary Measure De.
clare il Will be Given--Desired
Immediate Effect.

Lansing. Mich. Feb. 2S.--(Speciai tc
Calumet News.)-The presidential pri-
mary bill will be considered In tie
Senate this afternoon in the committee
of the whole, following the ruling of
Attorney General Kuhn this mocning
that the legislature has the authority
10 give the bill immediate effect.
Opposition 10 the measure seems u
have dwindled considerably. and those
who are supporting ii claim to be
sure that il will be given immediate
effect in the upper house.
Milo II. Campbell of Coldwater. nd
dressed the House this morning. but
carefully avoided placing himself on
record as being for or against the
presidential primary. Campbell is a
candidate for the governorship
This morning Representative An
thony Lucas of Houghton introduced
the administration bill relative to
workingmen's compensation. The bill
Is drawn along the same lines as :he
one introduced by Representative Ash
ley on Monday.
The Senate yesterday afternoon
passed the resolution offered by Sena-
tor Moriarty to recall the Miller reso-
luton of Monday demanding that the
governor produce before the Senate
evidence OF II statewide demand for
presidential primary law The vote
was 2S to 3 Mr.. Miller voting with
the majority. TWO negative votes
were cast by Senators Lee and Wal
ter.
Senator Moriarty intrnducea the adj
ministration workmen's compensation
bill yesterday afternoon
An effort to take from the table tho
Miller resolution calling for a change
i'm the congressional districts were
heaten by an overwhelming vote. II
is considered unlikely that Governor
Osborn will ask the special session
TO consider redistricting.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
COURT RULING is OF
VALUE TO PROSECUTION
IN THE PACKERS CASE.

Chicago. Feb. 2S.--Judge Carpenter
today over-ruled the objection of the
defense in the packers trial to the in
PRODUCTION of the minutes of the meet
ings OF the directors of the National
Packing Co. between 1907 and 1910.
The official records will be put in EVIL
dence before the government closes its
case. II was at these meetings, the
government contends. that the defend
ants agreed on selling prices. margins
shipments and directions of territory,
I'm violation of the sherman law.
The Calumet news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 1907-1938, 1912-02-28
GIVEN HONORARY DEGREE.
Minister From Argentine Honorsd BY
University Of Pittsburr.

Plttsburg, Pa. Feb. 2S.---In connec-
tion with the 125th anniversary celc-
bration of the University OF Pittsburg.
the authorities of the university today
conferred the honorary degree OF LII.
d. upon DIR. Romulo $. Naon, the Ar
gentine minister at Washington The
degree was conferred by Chancellor
Mccormick in the presence of the
university trustees and faculty and a
large number of guests. The nonor
was conferred upon DR.. Naon in recog-
milton Of his important services as pro-
fessor of constitutional law and mem
Der of the governing board of the Uni
versity of Buenos Ayres. the foremost
educational institution of South Amer
ica