davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

involved IN that, single establishment
Many factories in the fatherland haa
Joined In this International e&o5t tc
md an artificial process By which
rubber could be built up synthsti-
cally from raw materials readily
available, but to the Elberfelder Far
benfabr1ken belongs the distinction Of
priority In the solution OF the problem.
DR.. Fritz Holman, director in charge
at Elberfeld, gives his own story Of
the pursuit of the elusive key. 4
!" BY mere chance my attention was
called to this question of synthetic
rubber through a lecture delivered In
London about six years ago by Prof.
Dunstan. AS pharmaceuttc chemist
in q dye factory my work did not take
me in the direction Of rubber. but the
problem fascinated me.
II found on reading up the subject
that ,caoutchouc was based on iso-
prene, and tried to prove it. To do
that had to have isoprene, and, what
was more, I had to have synthetic iso-
prene and not the kind obtained by q
dry distillation of rubber such as had
hitherto generally been used. had
q task before me.
Vi :: To the organic chemist coal is an
ideal mother substance, and chose
it as my basic material. In this we
were Justified, and in March of 1909
Carl Coutelle and succeeded in OBJ
tanning the FIRST large quantity Of
pure synthetic isoprene-several
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

troll and that the synthetic rubber fac
tory would be located where 1t could
reach easily its raw materials and Its
market for the finished output.
Climatic and geographical conditions
have prescribed the zones in which
the rubber plant can be successfully
grown, even though its cultivation be
subject to scientific methods and are
free from the haphazard ways Of the
rubber hunter. s $ss: $sS s. &
In England the present discoveries
are hailed BY, Sir i. William Ramsay
and his fellows not 50 much as q prom
Use Of commercial 4 advantage but as
q professional achievement which
puts the Britiah chemist ahead Of his
rivals across the Channel. That the
Germans have good reason to be salts
fed with their own accomplishments
in this very field Is undoubtedly true.
The Germans claim that they have
now a method for making rubber
synthetically which viii soon be ready
to compete with the output Of the
tropical forests. & 81 l5 3
Back in the sos Tilden, an English.
man. gave Icing! study to the problem
OF making synthetic rubber, but aban-
doned his work finally because he did
not believe the attainment practicable.
The individual was poWerless to cope
with 30 gigantic 9 problem and his
resources were unequal to the task
Capital was necessary swell AZ the
united efforts Of many men. In fact
In one factory alone In Germany there
were 800 college bred acknowledgements
strating upon the technical researches
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

words, the structural atoms are diner
entity arranged, and the body or sub
stance thus differs from another OF
the same chemical get up but with
its tiny units otherwise distributed.
3"'We soon recognized that the poly
merizing power OF heat could be
furthered by numerous chemical ad-
mixtures, but we soon found that
there are many more substances that
work in opposition to this end. In
August Of 1909 I obtained the first
rubber polymerized by heat in the
laboratory Of the Elberfeld works. In
September Of that year ! submitted
q sample OF this material to DR..
Gerlach. He was the first to confirm
that our product actually contained
caoutchouc. A month later Harries
tested our synthetic material with
his ozone method, and by this means
was able to establish that our heat
polymerized isoprene was veritable
india rubber 3,
DR.. Hoffman, frankly admits that
should the extensive rubber planta-
lions cultivated under English direc-
ton in the Malay Archipelago meet
expectations synthetic rubber will not
be SO necessary In supplying at q
more reasonable rate the present
market. However, he says that the
synthesist has 90 adjusted conditions
that he can compete with his ware In
price and quality with the natural
product MA at =
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

litres offit. This showed us that we
had the right formulae, the scientific
execution of which was no longer
questionable. But with the making
OF isoprene our troubles were not
ended: on the contrary, they were but
beginning. S; 551 y Il 4 Il + &
SIS 8 We were confronted with the pro
blem OF converting this liquid into
that tough. elastic, plastic colloid
which was to be q successful substt-
tute for rubber. in truth its very
counterpart. Theoretically tho task
was easy, because. Is Beilstein aays,
isoprene 10 converted into caoutchouo
BY treating 1t with muriatio acid. OF
course. we tried that ct once. but for
our pains we got nothing but oily
ohlorides--not q trace Of rubber. We
we're apparently defied.
n. We tried all sorts OF likely and
imaginable physical and chemical
mediums In connection with isoprene.
but the wilful stun refused to thicken.
Finally ! discovered the power to per
form this miracle hidden away In
heat. There was nothing new in
heating isoprene. but the result we
obtained thereby was new. Other
authorities had tried heat. but al they
got was either an oily or at best =
resinous substance. f! f
80 Polymerism in chemistry is that
property peculiar to some compounds
by which they differ In their mole
culary weights and also in their chemi-
cal properties even when formed from
the same elements and combined In
the Same proportions. In other
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
RIGHT HOME
Doctor Recommends Postum from Per
4. sonal Test.

No one Is better able to realize the
injurious action Of caffeine-the drug
in coffee on the heart, than the doc
tor. Tea IL just 10 harmful 10 coffee
because 1t. too. contains the drug CAT
feline.
When the doctor himself has been
relieved BY simply leaving OF coffee
and using Postum. he can refer with
full conviction to his own case.
A Mo. physician prescribes Postum
for many Of his patients because he
was benefited by It. He says:
II wish to add my Testimony In re-
gard to that excellent preparation
Postum. have had functional or
nervous heart trouble for over IL
years, and a part Of the time was un-
able to attend to my business.
II was a moderate user Of coffee and
did not think drinking it hurt me. But
on stopping it and using Postum in
stead, my heart has got all right, and
I ascribe 1t to the change from coffee
to Postum.
Il am prescribing it now in cases Of
sickness, especially when coffee does
not agree, or affects the heart, nerves
or stomach.
When made right it has much bet
ter flavor than coffee, and is a vital
sustainer Of the system. shall con.
tinue to recommend it to our people,
and have my own case to refer to-
Name given by Postum Co., Battle
Creek. Mich. Read the little book,
THE Road to MELVILLE" in pkgs.
There's a reason"
Ever read the above letterS A new
one appears from time to tise. They
interest. Adv.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

tor told me to 60 to hospital. ! did
not like that idea very well, 80. when !,
saw your advertisement in q paper, 4
wrote to you for advice, and have done e
you told me. I have taken Lydia 2.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compoun nd and
Liver Pills, and now have my health.
eff sick and ailing women would only
know enough to take your medicine, they
would get relief. = - Mrs. BENZ. y. STANS-s
Berry, Route 6, Box Is, Upper Sandnsky,
Ohio. 5|5.5.s ;3 III II NJ
II you.have nysterious pains, irregu-
jlarity, backaches extreme nervousness,
inflammation, liberation or displace-
ment, don't wait too long, hut Try Lydia
E. Pinkham' o Vegetable Compound now.
For thirty years Lydia p. Pinkham's
I Vegetable Compound, made from roots
and herbs, has been the standard remedy
for female ills, and such unquestionable
testimony % the above proves the valus
Of this famous remedy and ahould give
every one confidence. ss ss$
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
AT 4; RISK OF HIS LIFE ::
REV. DR.. PALMoRE VISITED THE
III TOMB OF AARON.
Mosque 10 Nothing Much to See, but
Religious Fanatleisn Of the Ma. A
tives Makes the Journey Ono
of Great Danger.

= & = i
Rev. DR.. William B. Palmore Of st.
Louis, who has Just completed a tour
Of Europe and the Orient, said that
his most remarkable exploit was q
recent nocturnal expedition at tho
risk Of his life to the tomb on Mount
Hor. in Arabia Petrea, which Is re-
vered by three religions as the burial
place OF. Aaron, brother Of Moses, and
first high priest OF the Hebrew theoc;
racy.; ss IL
Late on the last night of his stay in
Petrea DR.. Palmore silently stole out
of the city, attended by his guide and
soldiers i, + 5,t. .5$i h t
s When the little party at last stood
alone on the mountain top and saw
the desert sleeping far below they
found the mosque to be a ramshackle
building of white stones rudely piled
together and surmounted by q round
ed DOME The guide without scruple
applied his stolen key to the lock and
the door swung open.
II found myself in chapel about
40x40 feet. 'says DR.. Palmore. "Ac-
tanned neither seats nor affairs. It
was completely bare save that in the
center stood cenotaph, or empty sar-
cophagus, covered by green cloth.
Carved in stone was an inscription In
Hebrew so nearly obliterated by time
that I could not decipher It. ! calcu-.
lated that the inscription was more
than 1000 years old. There was also
legend carved on the cenotaph in
modern Arabic.
II had little time to waste, for !
was confident that If the Arabs In the
valley discovered my departure and
traced me to the mosque they would
: kill me. In one corner l discovered 3
hole in the floor, revealing q flight OF
stairs cut in the rock and leading
downward. 5% ~ M 5l55
Holding my candle aloft, II descend
ed the steps and found found myself
in an unlighted cave OF no great size.
Like the mosque, 1t was bare and
rude. But across one end were
stretched two chains like sentinels
against intruders and behind them
hung tattered curtain.
II stepped over the chains and
swept the curtain aside. The sealed
entrance to natural vault was re-
vealed and this vault was the tomb Of
Aaron" gs{s IN sss 4
There was little time for sacred rev.
erie, for, IL day broke before he de-
seconded the mountain, his ,errand
might be detected and avenged by the
Arabs Of the valley. So DR.. Pal
more, after touching the sealed vault
reverently with his hand. assembled
the stairs, passed through the
mosque and stood again in the open
air ~ VI p I'd Il Ext II
His guide gravely locked the door
and concealed the key once more In
his garments. The party made its
way safely back to Petra without dis
scovery, and within a few hours was
miles away on the return trip north.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
over DifficuIty,..I

One Of London 8 remarkable men
is the Rev. Robert Brandon. described
as a Baptist minister, tailor, poet,
and author. who lately celebrated his
3ninety-fifth birthday, and who is the
oldest officiating preacher in London.
He breaches about once a month at
ia place in Chelsea, where he has min
istered for sixty-four years. He has
to be carried to his church in q bath
chair, for he has been3a cripple since
he was two years old, when one Of
his legs became paralyzed. He prac-
tically educated himself earning tut.
ton money as a tailor. In spite Of
his physical disability he has always
manifested great activity and energy.
Leslie's q. S5<Ss "
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Thousands upon thousands Of 81.

Thousands upon thousands of ex-s
periments have thus been brought to
a crystallized knowledge which makes
it possible and practicable to sembark
upon the manufacture of rubber SYM
thetically from available cheap mate;
rails. The plantations IN the fir
east have been developing, over 9
period Of fully thirty-fiye years. and
in a sense they have the start of the;
artificial product in q quantitattvs9
estimate. but this advantage will not
continue II the chemist manufacturer.
can make rubber synthetically %
cheaply as DIR. Hoffman, predicts.
In 1910 and 1911 the world Sproduo--
ton of india rubber reached q total
OF about $4,000 tons and the world
consumption OF caoutchouc was In the
neighborhood Of u Is, 900 tons. F1gur-
ing the cost OF this rubber at an aver
age Of 81 a pound the total value OF
the production reaches 100000. 900. hi
Synthetic rubber, it 10 believed.
would make it possible to widen the
field of applicatio 3of rubb Der. Make;
shifts and substitutes OF one sort or
another are now used In many direc-
lions, because natural rubber is too
expensive. Therefore. the public 10
interested in the artificial product
first because it will add stability to
the price OF the, rubber from. trees. and
next 1t viii make 1t possible to apply
1T in many ways now prohibited by
price and the relatively limited out
put Of plantations and the Wild
growth. a 81 hi 4: 55s E.s
whether the basic isoprene be made
from q starchy substance after the
English process or from product OF
coal. as Or. Hoffman, has chosen o'I
there will be Immense quantities Of
by.products which will be part Ct
the systems employed In making iso.
prenc and in converting it into coun.
terpart caoutchouc In either case. Il
would be financially prohibitive 70
neglect these by-products In concen.
trating upon the manufacture OF artti.
fetal rubber.
pr. HOFFMAN, says that II IS per
cent OF artificial rubber could be pro
duced from every pound OF basic mats
rial, then a factory turning OUT n ma
million pounds q day would require
100000; pounds OF the mother sub
stance. three-quarters Of which would
accumulate every twenty-fours hours IN
the form OF by-products. This gives
an idea OF what the chemist-manufac;s
J turer has before him. even though the
secret Of synthetic rubber has been.
solved. With CHARACTERISTIC thorough.
ness, the Germans are working awAy
at. this end of the question. s3Sas;
So far as I is known the German IAN
synthetic rubber has met; all the e,s-
acting tests and analyses OF other
German chemists. On the other hand.
4 1t is said that the Eng lish ;arttncial
rubber is not chemically identical n
Its atomic makeup with natural caout-
chouc, and the critics declare that this
artificial substitute will not meet all
Of the requirements. It seems that
the artificial rubber contains one on
atom OF carbon less than natures
caoutchouc. and whether or not this
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
ssV, wild ones.

Charles Crafty, the noted sculptor.
was talking at his summer home at
Folly Grove. near Gloucester, about
the quaint humor Of the Gloucester.
fishermen. Sls fl
In Gloucester one day" he said, IS
/ tdled among the shipping, an Ole
salt began to narrate his experiences
to me. .s TX
.''Wunst.' he said. was ship
WRECKED in the South sea, and thar !
come across . tribe, Of wild women
without tongues. 43&
wild women without conquest
said IN 'Goodness! How could they
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

fix the roof. They did 80. Later Coop
er's family having left, he moved into
one room and Mrs. Shumate Invited
her brother and sister-in-law, Mr.. and
Mrs. Jesse shumate, to occupy part
of the second floor. Mrs. Matte kor-
denbrook and family Of FIVE children
occupy the third story.
mo one ever said anything about
rent to u.s." said Mrs. Shumate. About
two years ago saw an advertisement
that the house was to be sold by the
city for delinquent taxes. giving the
owners name as Delehay, and the res
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Irh,, 81 Educatlonai et,pladder.

I'VE know what kindergarten ID for:i
It Is to educate children for the pri.
mary grades. Y, II, IL, J. 5$t5
We know what the primary grades
are for: they are to educate children
for the grammar grades. Z. .i
We know what the grammar grades
are for: they are to educate children
for high school. e a 2.ss i53 3.55;
We know what the high school Il
for: 1t is to educate children for col
lege. RI 81
But what does college At you for -
Life.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
- . sf51 - \. ~ z %, ~. N
9Afeauardinqs.L etters.

From the days Of antiquity It has
always been q problem unsolved how
to insure the: secrecy Of letters. A
sFrenchman named Phion claims, how
ever, to have discovered the real
method. which Is as simple as the egg
of Columbus The invention Ia thus
described: The envelope looks very
like an ordinary one, but the tongue
Is insa kind Of loop, prolonged SO as to
At the gummed end OF. the upper right
hand corner, which. is slit. The tongue
is inserted, and further fixed by the
stamp struck over it. The system Is
simplicity itself, and, except for rip
ping open the envelope or tearing on
the stamp, it is impossible to get at
the letter inside. III 4. ~
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Not 4 Strong Argument.

Said an advocate Of woman suffrage
during the recent campaign in Cali
forniA: "a point upon which great
deal Of weight has been placed is that
women do not want the suffrage and
that it would be cruel to impose 1t up
on them. The cry about cruelty to
women reminds me of dialogue that
passed between Johnnie and his moth.
or. Johnnie, your little sister has
been hauling you on her sled for half
an hour. Why don't you get OF and
kaul her?" Mamma, said little John
ME. ] am afraid she will take cold'-
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

slung across horse upon which the
rider mounts; some from neighboring
villages by train or wagon, all IN TIN
cans; and a small amount from north
ern Spain by train-a twenty-tour-
hour trip. Deliveries to regular pat
rons are made by mozas carrying
frame from which are suspended
about eighteen small pals or bottles.
each holding about q quart, but 1t is
probable that most OF the families In
Madrid do not receive regular sup.
plies, such as Is needed being brought
In by some member OF the family, OK .
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
RENT DIDN'T TROUBLE THEM
Kentucky Families Had Free Quar-
4 tiers, Since No. One Called to
Collect Tribute. sa,

For more than twenty years the
three-story brick house at 26 East
Sixth street, Covington, has been oc-
cupied BY several families. and not
one OF the families has paid rent, says
the Post OF that city. All would have
paid the rent, but no one ever came
and asked them to move When one
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

servant, who carries any convenient
vessel or pitcher from the house. This
milk is secured from small milk shops.
called lecherias, Of which there are
about $50 shown in the city directory.
The milk is always boiled as soon al
1t is brought into the house. 1t is al
most impossible to secure cream and
it Is almost invariably sour when OBJ
tanned.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
cIrY's MEAGER MILK SUPPLY
Spanish Capital No Place for One In
Any Way Fond Of tho
LacteaI Fluid.

There are no large dairying con-
Germs in Madrid. Part Of the milk
supply comes from goats and a few
cows pastured near the city and kept
in lecherias In the city, where they
are milked: some is brought in from
nearby farms. usually about six gal
ions in tin cans in straw baskets
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

man did move he did SO Of his own
volition. and then told his friends to
move in and take his quarters.
More than twenty years ago a friend
of Edward Cooper, an expressman OF
Covington, was told by friend that
he could move into the house and not
have to pay rent. Cooper did SO, and
reared his family there. He did not
occupy the whole house and he 1nvit-
ed another family to share it with him.
Two years ago he invited the family
of Charles Shumate to move into the
house, rent free, provided they would
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

held in London
the
Charles
based
Major Leonard
1T essential bear in mind points Major Darwin The truth
indeed to
Of the ground the long Of the past
selection the action OF which
prevent"
principles h Lady Cook
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

that Through the walls invisible
Of which, Is declared
artificial such extent that they
be formed
months Is the time limit set for the At the end Of
studied his
hold
months before
William
the that made:
deeterous e
expert
probability
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
.shoma. Swat Home y

The original manuscript Of Home.
Sweet Home" is said to have been
buried in the grave with Miss Harry
Harden OF Athens, Ga. She was John
Howard Payne's sweetheart, but re-
fused to marry him In Difference to
her fathers wishes. After she was
separated from her lover she shut
herself in the old family mansion, see
ing none but few members OF the
little church to which she belonged
Independent.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Hsr plsllle Too Ylooroua.

"A woman in an English country
town took an unusual way OF express
ing her dislike of the pastor. While
the congregation was standing, during
the singing Of, an anthem. she rushed
up the chancel steps and began throw
ing hymn books at the minister, and
finally exclaimed: Take him from
the church," The minister was great
~ astonished, knowing nothing Of the
disorder until he was struck in the
back. He thought stone had fallen
from the roof. In court the woman
expressed regret. a; K.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Eoe.hIeIls IN surgery.

In number Of skin-grafting opera
lions he has recently carried out,
Philadelphia physician has used the
lining Of egg shells instead OF hui,
man skin. One OF the patients he il
reported to have successfully treated
in this way was woman, who had the
skin burned OF her back. The physi-
clan declares that the suffering which
has been imposed on human donors
OF skin for such operations is unneces-
sary. Only fresh eggs may be used,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Artistic BRIDE Nests.

For true art. one must look for the
vireos' nests. They are Of the most
exquisite workmanship u and really
lovely to behold. They are woven
90 carefully and compactly that the
tempests seldom dislodge them. The
little masses OF nchens. plant down
and vine tendrils, looking for all the
world like baskets hung from the
crotches of trees. and nearly always
well concealed by leaves, are prob
ably as safe repositories for eggs as
can be spftnsi in the bird world
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25

democratic idea in see
giving proprietor
walters
much
Banons villa before the later assembly
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-09-25
Horrible.

III Horrible. IA
ri had terrible dream last night. I
dreamed that had died and gone to
heaven" g
well, didn't heaven seem to be .
beautiful placer" 81
"Oh. yes, it was beautiful enough;
but 1t seemed that the speed limit
was fifteen miles an hour every
where"