The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1912-12-13

has assumed that at the outbreak or
war our regiments would be imme-
diately raised to full strength. But
our laws have provided no means by
which this could be accomplished, or
by which the losses of the regiments
when once sent to the front could DO
repaired. In this respect we have
neglected the lessons learned by other
nations. The new law provides that
the soldier, after serving four years
with colors, shall pass into a reserve
for three years. At his option he may
go into the reserve at the end Of three
years, remaining there for four years.
While in the reserve he can be called
to active duty only in case Of war or
other national emergency, and when
SO called and only in such case will
receive q stated amount Of pay for all
of the period in which he has been a
member of the reserve The legisla-
ton is imperfect. in my opinion, In
certain particulars, but it Is a most
important step in the right direction,
and l earnestly hope that 1t will be
carefully studied and perfected by
congress.
The National Guard. "
Under existing law the national
guard constitutes, after the regular ar
my, the first line of national defense.
Its organization, discipline, training,
and equipment, under recent legisla-
ton, have been assimilated, as far
as possible, to those of the regular
army, and its practical efficiency, I'M
der the effect Of this training. has
very greatly increased. Our citizen
soldiers under present conditions have
reached stage of development be-
yond which they cannot reasonably be
asked to go without further direct
assistance in the form of pay from
the federal government On the other
hand, such pay from the national
treasury would not be justified unless
it produced proper equivalent in
additional efficiency on the part of
the national guard. The organized
militia today cannot be ordered out
side of the limits of the United States,
and thus cannot lawfully be used for
general military purposes. The off,
GERS and men are ambitious and eager
to make themselves thus available and
to become an efficient national re-
serve of citizen soldiery. They are
the only force of trained men, other
than the regular army, upon which
we can rely. The so-called militia
pay bill, in the form agreed on be-
tween the authorities of the war de-
partment and the representatives of
the national guard, in my opinion ade-
quately meets these conditions and
offers a proper return for the pay
which 1t is proposed to give to the
national guard. I believe that its en-
actment into law would be a very
long step toward providing this ma
ton with a first line of citizen sol
diery, upon which it's main reliance
must depend in case of any national
emergency. Plans for the organiza-
ton of the national guard into tao
tical divisions, on the same lines as
those adopted for the regular army,
are being formulated by the war col
lege division Of the general staff.
." National Volunteers.
The natioanl guard consists OF only
about 10000 men. In any serious
war in the past 1t has always been
necessary, and in such war in the
future it doubtless will be necessary,
for the nation to depend, in addition
to the regular army and the national
guard, upon a large force of volun-
teers. There is at present no ade-
quate provision of law for the raising
of such force There is now pend
ing in congress, however. bill which
makes such provision, and which l
believe is admirably adapted to meet
the exigencies which would be pre-
sented In case of war. The passage
of the bill would not entail dollars
expense upon the government at this
time or in the future until war comes.
But if war comes the methods therein
directed are in accordance with the
best military judgment as to what
they ought to be, and the act would
prevent the necessity for a DISCUSSING
Of any legislation and the delays in
cident to its consideration and adop-
ton. / earnestly urge its passage.
Porto Rico, Mr.. Taft says, contin-
ues to show notable progress and he
urges the senate to pass the bill grant
ing the Porto Ricans American citizen
ship.
Philippines.
A bill Is pending in congress, con.
tinues the message, which revolution
ICES the carefully worked out scheme
of government under which the Philip
pine islands are now governed and
which proposes to render them vir-
tually autonomous at once and abso-
lutely Independent in eight years
Such a proposal can only be founded
on the assumption that we have now
discharged out trusteeship to the Fill
ipino people and our responsibility for
them to the world, and that they are
now prepared for self-government as
well as national sovereignty. A thor
ough and unbiased knowledge of the
facts clearly shows that these assump-
lions are absolutely with justification.
AS to this, believe that there is no
substantial difference Of opinion
among any of those who have had the
responsibility Of facing Philippine
problems in the administration of the
islands, and believe that no one to
whom the future of this people is
responsible concern can countenance
policy fraught with the direst conse-
quences to those on whose behalf 1t is
ostensibly urged.
In the Philippine islands we have
embarked upon an experiment un-
precedented in dealing with dependent
peoples. We are developing there
conditions exclusively for their own