Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1912-06-20
COOLING MOTH SPRAY
Professor O'Gara Give Information
Regarding Appearance of Next
Brood of Worms.

pNoAs we nave DtGu hbtpiuS Cdl 6l III
records in breeding cages and have
also been carefully noting what is
going on in the orchards. The first
eggs were hatched this year, so far
as our observations go, on May %,
the maximum number of worms
Matching out at least a week later.
The young larvae which were not
poisoned entered the apples, there
fore, on that date The first worms
began to leave the apples on June
13, and. of course, the maximum
number to leave the fruit should be
at least a week or ten days later
On June Is it was noted that a few
larvae were also entering the apples,
these being belated members of the
first brood
The worms which are now leaving
| the apples will hide behind rough
bark, under clods or rubbish, and in
other places, in order to form their
cocoons in which to go through their
transformations from Iarvae to pu-
pae and finally TO the moth stage.
Knowing the average time required
for the larva of the codling moth to
make its transformations, we may
state that the first moths will appear
about July l to 4, and the first eggs
Will be hatched about July u. The
maximum number of eggs will be
Matched at least week later for the
lower part of the valley. In the Ash
| land district the time will be some
what later-possibly a week. Up to
this time, weather conditions have
been normal; and, providing there is
no radical change or departure from
normal for the next two or three
weeks, we should feel reasonably cer-
tain that the second brood worms
will begin entering the apples about
| July u, as mentioned above. AS
stated in Press Bulletin No. l, the
second brood larvae enter the side
rather than the calyX end of the ap-
pie. The object of the spray, which
should be applied before the worms
begin to enter, is to thoroughly coat
/ the fruit with an arsenical poison.
/ The spray should be applied not later
than July Is, but for convenience it
may be applied any time beginning
with the first week in July. For
| those who have a great deal of spray
/ ing to do, it is well to begin in such
( time as to get the work done before
the worms begin to enter the fruit.
A number Of growers have asked
regarding the application of a spray
at this time. Knowing the life his
! tory of the insect, namely, that prac-
/ tically all the first brood worms have
entered the fruit, it would be a waste
of time and material to spray now
/ From what has been said above, it
will be seen that the advantageous
time to spray will be just before the
second brood worms begin to enter
the fruit. There is always a disad-
vantage in applying an arsenical
spray too much in advance of the
/ time when it should be effective
/ This is particularly true when spray
! ing for the control of the second
| brood larvae of the codling moth.
At best, an arsencial is fully effect
tive no longer than a month after
application, and under certain eli
matte conditions. and with certain
arsencials. it is less For the sec
ond brood, the apples should be coat
ed with the spray using fine mist
High pressure is not so necessary but
is not Objectionable.
The above directions for spraying
at this time take into account the
apples only. For late pears it may
be necessary to make an application
for the second brood the same as for
the apples; however, this is only true
when the first spray has been ap-
piled too early or where it has been
poorly done. AS a rule, a single
spray applied to the pears after the
first apple spray will be sufficient.
Ii there is any doubt as TO the eff
fectiveness of the first spray applied
to pears, the grower should not take
a chance. The spray to apply should
be arsenate of lead at the rate of 4
pounds to 100 gallons of water.
Those who are using arsenite Of zinc
should apply it at the rate of pound
to 100 gallons of water Paris green
should never be used, as under cer-
tain climatic conditions it is very
liable to burn the fruit and foliage.
Those who are advising the use of
! Paris green are doing so without
complete knowledge of its possible
effect. The insoluble arsenicals have
taken the place of Paris green with
all rational fruit growers, and to a
very great extent with vegetable
growers where the arsenical must be
applied directly to the plant. The
better brands of arsenate of lead are
not soluble in water, even to the
slightest degree, hence the perfect
safety in using them as against Paris
green, which is soluble to a very
great degree.
All fruit growers will be much in
terested in noting the effectiveness
of their spraying; and. in order to
determine this, it will be of interest
to them to band a few trees with
bands of burlap A piece of burlap
doubled and passe daround the body
of the tree foot or so above the
ground and held in place with a tack
will make a good trap for the worms
that are now beginning to leave the
fruit. These bands will catch fully
so per cent of the worms as they
leave the fruit. BY examining these
bands from time to time the grower
will note Just how effective the spray
i-.g has been, and will also be kept
in touch with the life history of the
insect 1t would be a great mistake
however, to place the bands on the
trees and then neglect them. They