davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
Damaged Corn Tests.

A long series Of experiments has been
carried on by the bureau Of plant indus
try to determine the amount of damage
to corn caused by keeping 1t in storage,
and different methods have been tried to
obviate the heating difficulty, while sew
eral men have been sent with steamship
shipments of corn to Europe SO as to
study the conditions under which the
damage occurs.
1t is expected that some positive re-
suits will be obtained from the stock
feeding experiments with damaged corn
In this case its use in interstate COM
merce will be prohibited, but investiga-
ttons OF the Agricultural Department in
dicate that by proper care in handling
grain damage by heating can be avoided.
1t Is not believed that equally positive
results will be obtained from the stock
fed on sulphured oats, and these ex-
pertments probably will have to be con-
tinued for two or three months before
the department Is in a position to make
an authoritative report on the subject.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

writer has used 1t more or less and its
use has not been con-
Used In Other fined to this country.
but extended into Eng
VVuAtAASS' land and even to other
countries. When the late Queen VIC
| toria reached her eightieth birthday. AL
| fred Austin, the poet laureate. addressed
| to her a birthday poem entitled, An In
dian Summer" in which are the lines
Long may the Indian summer Of your days
Yet linger in the land you love so well.
All of the American poets have used
the term frequently. although Longfellow
| and Whittier have perhaps done most to
make it familiar.
The origin of the term Is much dis
puted and probably never will be known
One plausible theory is that it came from
the harvesting Of the Indian maize or
corn, which was long after the harvest of
the European grains. Another is the In
dian legend given us nv Longfellow IN
Hiawatha, who describes Shawondasee.
the owner Of the south wind. whose au-
tumn sigh gave the mild weather and
whose smoking tobacco pipe the smoky
haze.
In other nations, however, there is
mild period looked for after the first cold
titles. none of which seems to have be-
come so popular as the Indian summer
Of America. In England it has been
known as all-hallow summer. The term
st. Martins summer originated in
France, but 1t Is also much used in Eng
land, and both correspond with the In
dian summer of America. The Lombardy
peasants expect always a few fine days
at the end of October which they call
st. Teresas summer, while the Germans
call it Altweiber sommer. The Swedes
give 1t the title Of st. Bridgets summer,
the Belgians st. Michaers summer, the
Bohemians the summer of st. Wenceslaus
and 1t is reported that in the Argentine
weather known as st. Johns summer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
SEATS HOLDING 500 FALL.
Dozen Persons Injured During Show
at Chestertown, Md.

CHESTERTOWN, Nd, October g.
About 500 men. women and children
occupying reserved seats at a wild west
show here were thrown to the ground
by the collapse Of a whole section.
A dozen persons were injured. Henry
s. Deford was caught under the crowd.
but escaped with a sprained ankle.
August Robinson had his leg broken.
Mrs. William French, Miss Zoa Elliott
and several others suffered abrasions
There was but little excitement, and
the show continued without intermission.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
stituting the first period. and ending with

shutting the first period, and ending with
the third period about November 10. when
the frosts have turned the forests into
one monotonous brown, after which
comes a few mild days which he calls
Indian summer. It is rather interesting
to note that Flagg changed his views
upon this subject, however, since in 1872
he wrote: after the fall of the leaf is
completed. then, according to tradition.
comes the Indian summer-a fruitful
theme both for poets and philosophical
writer's. but of which no one knows from
experience. 1t is certain that we have
now in the eastern states no regular
coming of this delightful term of mild
ness, this smiling interruption Of the
melancholy days of autumn. We are &C.
casionally greeted by two or three days
weather of October and these short visits
are repeated in some years several
times. But a true Indian summer at
tended with all the peculiar phenomena
described by some of our early writer's in
modern autumn. 1t has fed from our
land before the progress of civilization;
1t has departed with out primeval forest.
If it ever existed. 1t was a phenomenon
stance attending the universal wooded
state Of the country that existed for
many years after its settlement. The
whole continent, at the time Of its dis
covery, was one vast hunting ground
where the Inhabitants obtained their
subsistence from the chase Of deer and
buffalo. At this period the climate had
not been modified by the operation of
man upon the forest. According to ap-
parently authentic accounts, Indian sum-
mer did notp arrive before November, nor
till a series of hard frosts had destroyed
the leaves of the forest"
Some sarcastic criticisms have been
made regarding Mr.. Flaggs assumption
of knowledge of primeval climatic con-
ditions of which it Is claimed there is no
authentic record. and his assumption that
the Indian summer is thing of the past
is. of course. strongly disputed. AS
matter Of fact. there is not year when
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
J. Walter Wade Takes Bride

Special Dispatch to The Star.
LYNCHBURG. Va, October AT tho
home Of Mr.. and Mrs. J. b. Owen here
Monday their daughter. Miss Jimmie
Marie Owen, was married to J. Walter
Wade, a young business man OF Staun-
ton. The celebrant was the Rev. w. A.
Ayres of the College Hill Baptist Church.
The twin sister of the bride. Miss Willie
Owen, was the maid of honor and Bur-
ford Watson of Lynchburg was best
man. After a trip north Mr.. and Mrs.
Wade will reside in Staunton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
TEST Of HEATED CORN
AND SULPAURED OATS
Department of Agriculture to
Determine Value as
Food for Stock.

An experiment that will be of great
Importance to the grain industry Of the
country is now being carried on by the
Department of Agriculture. It is to as
certain through stock-feeding experiments
the actual value of heated corn and sui
phured oats for stock food. The expert
ments with heated corn have already
commenced. There will be groups of four
or five horses fed with the damaged
grain. and observed and weighed from
time to time. The grain will be Of sew
eral grades, ranging from slightly to
badly damaged corn. At the same time
a group Of work horses in the depart
ment will be fed equal sized rations Of
thoroughly good corn. and this group will
be watched as a check on the other
feeding experiments
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
INDIAN SUMMER.
BY Frederic J. Haskin.

in. 1t is bland and genial time, in
which the birds. insects and plants feel
new creation and sport short-lived
summer before they shrink from the
rigors of winters blast. The sky in the
meantime is generally filled with a haze
Of orange and gold. intercepting the
direct rays OF the sun and vet passing
through heat enough to prevent sensa-
lions of gloom or chill, while the nights
grow sharp and frosty and the necessary
fires give cheerful forecast Of the social
winter evenings at hand" The great
fair at Philadelphia was fixed for Novem-
Der with Indian summer in view as this
was supposed to give promise Of three
or four good days for travelling at a
time when the only means of journeying
was by horse and carriage.
While November is thus specialized as
an Indian summer month, it is Of in
terest to know that Thoreau alludes to
indian summer weather at other periods.
In one of his books he speaks of Indian
summer upon different dates running
from September q to December 81, cover
ing range of seventy-seven days within
ten years at the locality Of Concord
Nothing could show better the elasticity
and the absolute indefiniteness of the
term in its popular conception.
Among the American writer's who
have given attention to Indian summer
is Wilson Flagg. who
Three PERIODS in 1857 wrote a DO
=. A,,4, etical description of
the autumn, dividing
it into three periods beginning with the
coloring of the leaves in September con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

Rev. Otis Herbert Draper. who recently
removed to Havre de Grace, Nd, has
been awarded a fellowship for two years
in graduate work at Union Theological
Seminary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
AT S27. so

The gems of the collection
these Silk-bound Diagonal and
Boucle Suits from London; and
the Paris Suits, with Robe
spierre collar and vest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
Trial Of "sulphured" Oats.

There will be similar series Of ex-
periments carried on with "sulphured"
oats. This is a brand of oats not very
well known to the general public, but
very familiar to the grain trade. It is
simply oats bleached with sulphur fumes
to give them q lighter and brighter color
and to allow them to bring more on the
market. Sometimes the grain SO treated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
Mrs. Stoves al
Description. ~


many a hill in burrows Of gold. when the
corn was husked and the labors of the
season were done. the late warm days of
the Indian summer came in, dreamy,
calm and still, with just enough frost to
crisp the ground Of a morning, but with
warm traces Of benignant sunny hours
at noon. There came over the commune
ity a sort Of genial repose, a sense of
having accomplished something, and Of
a new golden mark in the calendar Of
life and the deacon began to say to the
minister Of a Sunday. I suppose its about
time for the Thanksgiving proclamation
to be coming along"
The first writer, Of which there is any
record. to refer to Indian summer was
Gen. Josiah Hamar, who in his journal Of
his expedition against the Maumee In
dams in 1870 uses the term three times.
This occurred in October. however. the
last mention being dated October 81, when
he records "F'ine clear weather. Indian
summer. Marched and halted little
while at what Is called Sugar Camp, from
thence to Caesars creek. a branch Of the
Little Miami" In 1874 Mai. Ebenezer
Denny's military journal also records In
dian summer in October. and the term
Is used by two Frenchmen who Travelled
in America, one of them, Volney. giving
considerable attention to the subject as q
climatic phenomenon peculiar to America.
These seem to be the only known men,
tions Of the term before the year 1900.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
RIVAL HAS GROOM JAILED.
Takes Revenge on Man Who Eloped
With Sweetheart,

HAGERSOWN, Nd, October Rob
ert Stane Of Kaisies Knob, who was mar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

sands of people. and. while it's exact time
Is never forecast by the weather bureau
Its beauty and attractiveness are ac-
knowledged by millions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

1T is probable that the most numerous
duthoriues place Indian summer either
in late October or in
1nQlan summer November. Nathaniel
Described. naw.n%rne wrote On
Ever since our return, until today, there
has been succession of genuine Indian
summer days, with gentle winds, or
none at all and a misty atmosphere
which idealizes all nature. and mild.
beneflcent sunshine. inviting one TO lie
down in nook and forget all earthly
care. Today, however. the sky is dark
and lowering and occasionally lets fall
few sullen tears. l suppose we must
bid farewell TO Indian summer now and
expect no more tenderness from Mother
Nature till next spring be we'll ad-
yanced."
In 1912 ]. f. Watson wrote in the
National Inteliigencer of Philadelphia:
The short season of pleasant weather
usually occurring about the middle OF
November is called Indian summer from
the custom Of the Indians to avail them
selves Of this delightful time for the
harvesting OF their corn, and the tradi-
ton is that they were accustomed to say
that they always had second summer
~ nine days just before the winter set
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
A. LISNER.

With the coming of every autumn come
additional references to the beauties of
the Indian summer. which is commonly
supposed to be feature of the American
climate usually to be found in November.
According to popular belief, there is
spell of peculiar weather occurring every
year which is characterized by three spe-
cial features-a greater warmth than the
preceding days or weeks, smokiness
and haziness. 1t is true that some
scientific writer's have denied the exist
ence of the increased warmth. and have
declared that the alleged smokiness is an
optical delusion. Nevertheless the popu-
lar belief is in favor of the peculiarities
described. and the term Indian summer
in America is supposed to account for
them.
Despite the prevailing opinion that the
term Indian summer is of ancient origin,
beginning with the earliest settlers of
tais country, recent investigations of his
tor!cal students as to this subject prove
that in reality it is less than q century
and a half since Indian summer was first
mentioned, and in the earlier reports OF
climatic conditions in the new country it
did not appear at all. Tradition alone
takes II back TO the time OF the Indians,
since i'll the numerous references to the
pleasant weather Of the American autumn,
made by many writer's. there are records
OF less than half dozen who used the
term Indian summer up to the year 1900
The differences TO the time I'm the
year when the pecuiiarities of Indian
summer are to be looked for, as well as
their length of duration, are almost as
varied as the opinions of the scientists as
10 why such peculiarities exist il indeed
they are admitted to exist at all 1t has
been stated that Indian summer occurs
IN September. in October in November and
even in January: that il lasts from three
10 four days to as many weeks; that ii is
peculiar TO New England: that il does not
exist In New England at all: and there are
now plenty of literary authorities to up-
hoid any one OF these versions. and SO
tar there is no recognized scientific opin.
ion upon any phase of the subject
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

The this decided
until Berlin until all the leading
inspirations. imported those made
fractional
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

Since then. however, almost every
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

1T is probable that the most numerous
authorities place Indian summer either
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
Sample

orma formare
in
introduced
in
carried frequently in the garments
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02
Three Periods
in Autumn.

it into three periods beginning with the
coloring of the leaves in September con
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

It's earmarks are designated by Mrs
Stowe in ''Old Time Folks" as follows
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-10-02

Among the American writer's VIII
have given attention to Indian snnme
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31
WATERING THE SHEEP FLOCK
Short-Legged Animals Live In Dry and
Dusty Atmosphere, Thereby In
creasing Thirst.

81 never bother to water my sheep.
They get all they need from the dew.
This is what one often hears from the
flock owners of the country, writes J.
G. Courier In the Farm and Fireside.
But let us look at this proposition in a
practical common sense way. Sheep
are animals with a high body tenn
perature. They are remnants that
generally consume large quantities OF
rough, dry grasses They are wrapped
In a thick, ponderous wooden overcoat
heavier and thicker than nature In.
tended them to wear They are low
down, close to the ground; therefore
in an atmosphere hotter, drier and
more dusty than the longer Legged
beasts and man himself. What is the
natural result of such condition? It
must necessarily increase their need
for water. and so 1t does.
Even in winter time, when the snow
offers a better source of moisture
than this dew, any flock OF sheep win
drink from the water trough II 1t il
clean water and convenient
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31

heavyweight class. Short-horns are
early maturers and easy feeders, and
when matured are usually of greater
weights. This is general statement
and is not intended to apply to all
cases. In this connection, it may be
interesting to state that some two
years ago some students of the Kan
sas Agricultural college compiled
weights by ages of cattle shown at
the American Royal for several years
and that compilation showed the
short-horns to be heavier than any
others in 10 out of II classes. So
without disparagement to other good
cattle I can truthfully say that short
horns have had a long and exhaustive
trial under the varied conditions of
cline and climate and have proven
generally satisfactory to wants Of in.
telligent husbandmen. So ! say with.
out hesitation they are profitable in
the feed lot
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31
BIG TRADE IN COTTON GOODS
Been Very neutrality-suspicious.
With China Doubles.

1t Is matter Of peculiar gratifica.
ton that as the years go by this coun-
try is sending abroad more and more
of manufactured cotton goods. This
means, of course, that instead Of
sending the raw cotton abroad to be
manufactured elsewhere, as is still to
so large an extent the case, the peo1
pie of this country are gradually
reaching a position where the cotton
will not only be grown in America but
will be manufactured in America, says
the Manchester Union. The gains In
manufactured cotton goods exported
during the past eight months have
been very gratifying. In February
alone such exports were valued at
$3.290,795, as compared with $1,S45,-
893 in February, 1911, and with ST.
1O6,64S in January, 1911. For the
eight months period in each year the
exports were $20,264,591 in 1912, $751;
059,745 in 1911 and $12,745,6S9, in
1910. Notwithstanding the political
agitation in China, trade with that
country was more than double that
of the previous year for the eight
months period, and this is a fact
which does not appear to be capable
of explanation on any other ground
than that Of growing sympathy With
the people of the United States.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31

Usually the feeder is anxious to select
good, well-bred steers, as they feed
better and are more likely to show
a profit than scrubs. Most feeders
have a preference as to breed, but no
breed has a monopoly of merit for the
feed yard, and the person who will
make such claim is a partial par
tisan. That the short-horn steer is
a profitable steer in the feed lot needs
only to be asserted to meet with
ready endorsement from a very nu-
nerous army of feeders; the state
ment is almost self-evident and needs
no more proof than the assertion that
the majority of Americans are honor
able and patriotic citizens.
The short-horn was. the first of the
improved breeds to mold and improve
the cattle of the American continent.
They were improved and exhibited
and their wonderful feeding qualities
extensively advertised by intelligent
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31

tenant farmers IN Great Britain from
1870 to 1900. In the last decade OF
the eighteenth century some were i'm
ported to the United States. Later
importations were quite numerous,
and the use of short-horn bulls be-
came so general and their improve
ment of the common cattle so marked
that feeders of that period eagerly
gathered grade short-horn steers into
their feed yards. This was especially
true of Ohio and Kentucky, and short
horn history is replete with instances
of large lots of steers that were fat
tened in these states and then driven.
as the only means of reaching mar
ket, to Philadelphia, New York city
or Boston. The abundance OF grass
and water en- route made such jour-
neys possible, and by careful handling
drove Of fat steers accustomed to
plenty Of exercise could be taken ooU
to 500 miles without serious loss OF
flesh. Governors Seymour, Felix and
George Renick, all of Ohio, were plo-
neers in these feeding and marketing
experiments. At that day, and even
much later, steers were often held
until four to six years old, and when
fattened were very large. In 1857 b.
F. Harris of Champion, ILL.,. whose
name was this year added to the Hi
nois house of. fame, marketed lVU
grade short-horn steers in Chicago at
81 per hundred, and the steers av-
eraged 2,377 pounds.
But the day of the big-overfed steer
is passed, and we now have the era
of "baby beef" To meet this demand,
the short-horn is equal to the occasion,
as he has been pre-eminent in the
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31
FEEDING FOR PROFIT
Live Stock Growing Is Essential
to Successful Farming.
Growers Secure Benefit of Home
Grown Grain and Also Fertilizer
That Is Left in the Pastures
and Feed Lots.
(By B. o. CowAN.)

Most farmers have learned that
stock growing or stock feeding is es-
sential to successful agriculture. Ex-
perience as we'll as the agricultural
college has taught the valuable lesson
that the maintenance of live stock on
the farm is necessary In order to
conserve the fertility of the soil.
Hence the majority of farmers are
growers of live stock, and many who
are not live stock breeders are feed
ers, thus getting the benefit of a
home market for the grain grown on
the farm and also the fertilizer that
is left in the pasture and feed lots.
These experiments in cattle feeding
are always beneficial to the farm, es-
pecially If the manure made is prop
erly utilized, and usually a financial
profit is realized; but this is not al
ways the case. since many feeding
operations show a distinct loss. This
may be due to the high price paid for
feeders, to their poor quality, or to
bad judgment in feeding and selling.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31
Cleaning the Cow Barn.

The cow barn should and can be
kept so clean that milking will not
prove Objectionable to any of the
farm women. To do this the barn
should be cleaned once per day. The
proper arrangement of floor and gut
ter will help much in ease of clean
ing, and the right kind of COW tie
will keep the manure in the gutter
where it belongs, and the COW will
keep clean. The use Of bedding, pre-
ferably wheat straw, in moderate
quantities along with reasonable pre-
cautions for barn cleaning, will make
milking a pleasure.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1912-05-31
DUMPING CHUTE FOR WAGON |
Improvement Adapted for Use In
Transportation of Coal, Grain and
other Similar Loads.

In describing a wagon chute, in
vented by John G. Smith Of Philadel-
phia, the Scientific American says:
This invention, which is shown in
the engraving, is fragmentary per-
spective view of the end of wagon
with the inventors device attached
thereto. The improvement relates to
wagon chutes of the type adapted to
be used with wagons carrying coal.
grain, or the like and is so arranged
that it can be shifted to direct a
stream of the material from the wagon