davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1912-01-25

pennsylvania was using 1000 of these
drags; IN Illinois it was estimated al
that time that more than 10000 were
IN use. All through the middle west
especially in Iowa and Missouri, reg
ular King drag campaigns have beer
held and the same is true in Maryland
Massachusetts, and other eastern and
Atlantic states.
How is it that a cheap and simple
device, costing only So or 81 wher
home made, can do the work with
which 1t is credited all over the
country? What is the theory of road
dragging?
1t is explained by the remark of A
Il. Hirst, state highway engineer, il
an interview. The earth of road be
comes ilnpervious to water, it is
puddled' earth, in other words, hav
ing been worked and reworked BY
hoofs and wheels until it covers the
road with an impervious layer which
prevents the escape of water in wet
weather and in dry becomes baked anG
extremely hard. It is on these two
facts, imperviousness of puddled earth
and hardness when dried, that the
theory of road dragging rests.
nh$o;..s c,.oo%y, C,,~Fooo
"When the road drag is properly
used it spreads out the layer of imper
vious soil over the surface of the road
filing up the ruts and hollows until 8
smooth surface is obtained" in the
words of the state engineer. Gas g
small amount of material is always
pushed to the center a slightly round
ed effect will be given the road which
may be increased as desired by subse
quent dragging. BY forcing the mud
into the hollows and ruts water must
go out, running off to the side of the
road. The drying out of the road is
thus much facilitated and the road is
made Immediately frmer because the
water is squeezed out.
4sThe effect of travel over the road
tends to press down and thoroughly
compact the thin layer of puddled
earth which the drag spreads over the
surface every time it is used. Afte,
the first few draggings it will be no
ticed that the road is becoming con-
stantly smoother and harder and that
the effect of rain is hardly notice
able, the water running off the surface,
which is smooth and hard, absorbing
but ittle.''
Autumn Dragging Desirable.
If a road is dragged while wet, and
just before freezing in the fall, it will
remain hard and smooth all winter, as
must have been noticed by those using
the Oconomowoc road in November,
when it stood up under week of rain
because it had been dragged just as
the weather turned cold and had frozen
in this condition. Roads beyond Ocon.
omowoc, where the drag had not been
used, turned into quagmires under the
same rain.
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1912-01-25
Is New Road Machine.

This is the road machine which is
coming into use throughout the country.
Two years eSe single county in
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1912-01-25

Try . want ad.
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XVI. DepartmentaI Divisions

Section l. For the purpose of s.m- plifying and conveniently conducting the government of the City of PhOe- nix under this charter, the business affairs of the City shall be divided into three divisions, which shall be designated as follows:
 1 A Division of Public Safety; a Division of Public Finance, and a l Division of Public Works, all of which shall be under the supervision l and control of the commission
 The mayor shall have charge of the
 Division of Public Safety and he shall designate the commissioner to Finance and the commissioner to i have charge of the Division of Pub ! lie Works.
 In the Division of Public Safety shall be included the Police Depart
 ment. the Fire Department and the Health Department, together with the equipment, apparatus and parapher- | nala pertaining to each of said de- partments and necessary to operate the same In the Division of Pub lie Finance shall be included the Tax l Department the License Department l the Accounts Department, and Li- braries: together with the equip
 ment, apparatus and paraphernalia pertaining to each of said depart ments and necessary to operate the same. In the Division of Public Works shall be included the Street Department, the Water Department 1 including the city's irrigation sys- tenn. the Sewer Department, the
 Building Department, Public Build | ings and Parks, together with the equipment, apparatus and parapher- nalia pertaining to each of said de
 partments and necessary to operate 1 the same.
 ] Section 2. The commission may by ordinance, include additional de-
 partments in any of the said divl-
 sions. or transfer any department 1 from one division to another. Section g. The mayor and each commissioner shall devote all the
 time necessary to fully and faithful | ly discharge their respective official | duties.
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XIX.
Franchise and Public Utilities

Section 1. No franchise shall be granted by the city, except upon the majority vote of the qualified tax paying electors voting in favor there of, and the question of it's being granted shall be submitted to such vote upon deposit with the city clerk of the estimated expense to be de- termined by the Commission) of such submission by the applicant for said franchise.
 Section 2 All franchises or privi- leges hereafter granted shall plainly specify on what particular streets, al- leys, avenues or other public proper ty the same shall apply; and no fran chise or privilege shall hereafter be granted by the city in general terms or to apply to the city generally.
 Section 3. The power to regulate the rates; fares and charges for ser vice by public utility corporations is hereby reserved to the people, to be exercised by them by ordinance of the Commission or in the manner therein provided for initiating or referring an ordinance. Any right or regulation shall further include the right to re-
 
 adequate service to the public and reasonable extensions of such service and of such public utility works. Section 4. No franchise, right or privilege or license shall be consid- cred as granted by any ordinance eX- cept when granted therein in plain and unambiguous terms, and any an6 every ambiguity shall be construed ir favor of the city and against the claimant under such ordinance
 Section ,. Every ordinance grant ing any franchise shall prohibit the issuing of any stock on account there of by any corporation holding or doing any business under said franchise, to an amount in excess of the sum Whicf shall be fixed for said purpose by the | Commission whenever requested so tt do by the holder of said franchise the said sum as fixed by the Com
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26

ing of the commission held not less than one day after the meeting al which such motion was made
 Section 13. All ordinances shau be signed by the mayor and at tested by the city clerk, transcribed in the book of ordinances and pub lished in the official newspaper not less than ten days before taking eff feet.
 Section II. No ordinance shall be revised. e-enacted or amended by reference to its title only; but the ordinance to be revised or re-en- acted, or the section or sections thereof to be amended or the new section or sections to be added there to, shall be set forth and adopted in chapter for the adoption of ordi- nanCes.
 Section 15. No ordinance nor sec ton thereof shall be repealed or sus- pended except by ordinance adopted in the manner provided in this chapter.
 Section Is. A true and correct copy of all ordinances and resolu- tions shall be kept and certified to by the city clerk in a book marked City Ordinances; such record copy with such certificate, or the original ordinance, shall be prima facie evi- dence of the contents of the Ordi- rance or resolution, and of the due passage and publication of the same and shall be admissible as such in any court or proceeding. Such rec ords shall not be filed in any case but shall be returned to the custody of the city clerk. Nothing contain ed herein shall be construed to pre- vent the proof of the passage and publication of an ordinance in any other way provided by law.
 Section r. The commission shall within one year after its Organiza- ton under this charter and from time to time thereafter. cause all ordinan- ces and resolutions at such time ir force to be classified under apprO- priate heads, and together with OI separately from the charter of tht city and such provisions of the Con- stitution and laws of the state as the commission may deem expedient tc be published in book form; pro- vided. however, that the said com mission may cause to be omitted from such publication all such or dinances or resolutions which have been enacted for temporary purpose: and have become for all practica purposes imperative or of no prac tical value.
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26

such authority as 1t may deem ad- visable. provided that the commission shall in it's judgment, consider the appointment necessary.
 Section 4 The compensation of all city officials shall be by salary to be fixed by the commission. The commission shall also fix the com pensation of all other officers and employees of the city, except as in this Charter otherwise provided. Nc officer or employee shall be allowed any fees, perquisites, emoluments rewards or compensation aside from the salary or compensation as ciXed l by the commission, but all fees re coived by him in connection with his official duties shall be paid by him | into the city treasury.
 StCtIon g. Each of the oh: If off, ciaIs shall make reports of all opera tions ir and the condition of the 0c- counts and things under their several | j,uisdicti-ns and control. as often as may be required by the commission and as may be designated and deter minod by resolution or ordlnance of said commission.
 Section G. The commission shall provide for the publication os the atn- uual reports of tn. mayor and If the several chief officials whenever tie commission shall deem it wise so tC do.
 ] Section :. No member of the con- mission shall hold any other public office or have other employment ir i the municipal government or any l for which is paid out of the munich pal moneys; or be elected or appoint ed to any office created or the com pensation of which is increased by the commission while he is a mem Der thereof; until one year after the i expiration of the term for which he was elected.
 Section s. No officer or employee shall be directly or indirectly inter ested in any contract, work or busi- ness of the city. or in the sale of any article, the expense, price or consid- eration of which is paid for from the treasury or by assessment levied by any act or ordinance; nor in the | purchase or lease of any real estate or other property belonging to the city or which shall be sold for taxes or assessments or by virtue of lega. process at the suit of the city. Nc officer shall be in the employ of any public service corporation in the city or of any person having any contrac with the city or of any grantee of { franchise granted by the city.
 Any contract or agreement in con travention of this section shall b' void.
 Any violation of the provision! of this section shall be deemed mis. demeanor.
 The commission shall enforce th' provisions of this section by appro
 priate legislation.
 Section g. No appointment to DO
 sition under the city government shal
 be made or be withheld by reason o
 any religious or political opinions O affiliations or political services, and nt appointment to or selection for O.
 removal from any office or employ
 ment, and no transfer, promotion, re
 duction, reward or punishment shal
 be in any manner affected by sucl opinions, affiliations or services.
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XIV.
Meetings Of the Commission


 Section | The commission shall meet for the regular transaction of business at least once every week; the day of meeting shall be fixed and determined at the first meeting of the commission; said first meet ing shall be called by the mayor elect as soon as he and the other commissioners shall have been duly elected and qualified.
 Section ?. Special meetings may he called by the mayor, or by any two members of the commission. Section 3. Any citizen of this city may have access to the minutes up- on application to the city clerk.
 Section 4. Any citizen of this city may appear before the commis- sion at any of it's regular meetings and may present written motion; such motion shall be acted upon by the commission, in the regular course of business, within fifteen days
 Section }. Two members shall constitute a quorum to transact busi- ness. but a smaller number may ad- jOurn from day to day until a quor- um can be obtained.
 Section s. A majority vote of al the members of the commission shal be necessary to pass any ordinance resolution or motion.
 Section :. No member shall be excused from voting except upon mat ters involving the considerat ton of his own official conduct In all other cases a failure to vote shall be en- tered on the minutes as a negative vote
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XV. Executive and Administrative De- nartnents

Section | The executive, admin istrative powers. authority and du- ties of the city. not otherwise pro- vided for shall be distributed among the chief officials of the city, here matter referred to, who shall have charge of and be responsible. for the proper administration of the duties of their respective offices or depart ments and who shall be subject to the supervision and control of the commission.
 Section ?. The chief officials of the city shall be a city clerk, city assessor, city treasurer, city cOllec tor, city attorney city engineer, chief of police, fire chief, street superin- tendent, and such other heads of de- partments as may hereafter be ere ated or designated by the cOmmis- sion. All such chief officials shall be appointed and may be removed by a majority vote of the commission. The commission, at any time when in it's judgment the interests of the city so demand, may consolidate and place in charge of one such officer the functions and duties of two or more of such officers. The commits sion shall by ordinance prescribe the duties of all the chief officials.
 Provided. however, that until such designation is made, all of such chief officials shall perform the duties and have the rights now vested and i'm posed in them by law or existing or dnance, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Charter.
 The Commission shall at the first regular meeting after the election of it's members, or as soon thereafter as practicable proceed to the appoint ment of the chief officials of the city and the determination of their duties as provided in this chapter
 Section 3. The commission shal have power by ordinance to create and discontinue offices, deputyships assistantships and emplOyments other than those prescribed for in this Charter, to provide the modes of fill ing them, to prescribe the duties per taining thereto, according to it's judg ment of the needs of the city, and tt determine the mode of removing anl such officer, deputy, assistant or em ployee, except as otherwise provided in this Charter.
 The Commission may by ordinance appoint an officer who shall be head over the appointive officers ant departments; and delegate to hin
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XVII. Finance and Taxation

Section 1. The fiscal year of the city shall commence upon the lst day of January of each year
 Section 1. The commission shall by ordinance provide a system for the assessment, levy and collection of all city taxes, not inconsistent with the provisions of this charter.
 The commission shall have power to avail itself by ordinance of any law of the State of Arizona. now or hereafter in force and comply with the requirements thereof Whereoy assessments may be made by the assessor of the county in which the City of Phoenix is situated. and taxes collected by the tax collector of sald county for and in behalf of the sald City of Phoenix. Other provisions oi this charter concerning the assess ment, levy and collection of taxes shall be subject to the provisions of any such ordinance while the same shall be in force.
 Section g. On or before the first Monday in November in each year or on such date in each year a; shall be fixed by the commission
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26
CHAPTER XVII

Section l. All contracts shall be drawn under the supervision of the city attorney; all contracts must be in writing, executed in the name of the City of Phoenix by the mayor, and must be cOuntersigned by the city clerk, who shall number and
Arizona republican., 1912-09-26

Continued on Next Page )
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06
A HARD, COLD WINTER.

The year 1919 has given us the
COlde,t January and February we
have experienced in many years and
it has extended over the length and
breadth Of the country, east and west.
north A letter received by the
editor OF The Herald from a friend
who is a fruit raiser in southern
California, near Los Angeles, states
that this winter has been the coolest
experienced in that section in the
past sixteen years and that his own
personal loss from the freezing OF
oranges and lemons will amount to
more than SIS, QUO. The gulf coast has
had it's share of cold also and ice and
snow has not been uncommon or
infrequent this winter. All over the
country east and west in the northern
states the cold has been intense and
the increase in the amonnt of fuel
used has been great tax upon the
supply and upon the pocketbooks of
the people The winter has been
costly In lives as Well as fuel, the
dow temperatures causing the death of
many and sapping the vitality Of
'otners. For the first time in twenty
years Lake Michigan has been entire
ly frozen over from shore to shore,
and Lake Superior is almost a solid
mass of ice. The theory that ''old
Fashioned winters are thing of the
past has been proven groundless and
the belief that has SO long been
entertained that cold weather is
conducive to health seems to have
received a rude shock, as reports to
the boards of health in the larger
cities indicate greater mortality. and
more sickness than during the year
preceding 1t will be a welcome
relief when spring comes again.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06
Tribute to Judge CIementsOn

The Boscobel Dial Enterprise of
last week paid the following worthy
tribute to Judge Geo Clementson, of
this city:
Judge Clementson is to be a candi-
date to succeed himself at the judicial
election to be held in the five counties
comprising the fifth circuit Tuesday,
April End There will be no opposi-
tiOn, and he will be given the usual
deserved endorsement at the polls that
he has been favored with in numerous
preceding campaigns. Judge Clement
son has served for a longer period on
the circuit bench than any other judge
who ever officiated in that capacity in
this state. IF he completes his present
term. which expires the first Of next
January, he will have completed
thirty years of continuous, faithful
service, Judge Clementson was first
elected IN the spring of 1882, succeed
ing N, NJ. Cothren, taking his seat on
the first Of January following. He
has been chosen unanimously to sue
coed himself ever since. No jurist
ever had cleaner record than Judge
Clementson. and with his constituents
put few men stand higher.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06
THE JUDICIAL RECALL.

A word relative to the recall of
judges. Ia England, IN early days,
judge held their offices at the will Of
the king 1t was against this very
system which the makers Of the
Declaration of Independence revolted
in their phrases relative to judges.
Recall judges and make them sub
servient to the will of the people who
came before them for trial
Compel them to answer to their
constituents A judge has no
constituents.
say he is there to do justica
between man and man He ought to
know neither rich nor poor. Make
him fearful of the will of a fretful
and ever changing constituency and
see how long a condition like that
would last Senator Lodge at Spring
field, Ill.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06
-Breithaupt.

Contributed.
The community was shocked by
hearing the sad news, on Saturday
the 18th of February 1912 Of Miss Ida
Breithaupt passed to her rest at 5 a.
M at her parents home in the Cherry
Greek District, B. c., at the age Of
% years 10 days. Deceased was born
in the state of Wisconsin, Grant
county and came with her parents to
Washington and from there to
Camagna, B. c.. nearly two years
since.
There remains to mourn her loss,
father, mother, one brother and seven
sisters: Three of whom are married,
Mrs Chas. Miller, Of Richland, B.
q. Mrs. John Pool, of Minneapolis,
MINI. Mrs. Will Smith, Uf Marcus,
Washington. A short service was
held at the nome by Rev. McQuarry,
of Richland. B. @, on the goth of
February.
A large company of sympathizing
lOiIOWCQ ln0 OOuy W III -
cemetery near Lumby. B. c., where
we laid her away hoping to meet her
again on that bright and everlasting
shore.
A precious one from us has gone,
A voice we love is still
A place is vacant in our home
Which never can be filled
God in his wisdom has recalled
The boon his love had given
And though the body mOulderS here
The soul is safe in heaven
tbs hard SO hard to speak the word
We must forever part,
Yet again we hope to see thee sister
When the day of life has fed,
And in heaven with JOY to greet thee sister,
Where no fare Well tears are shed.
CARD OF THANKS
Mr. and Mrs. Breithaupt and family
wishes to thank the dear friends and
neighbors in the time of this great
grief have SO kindly given themselves
in word, actions and work to help
Tighten the burden so hard to bear.
W. W. Breithaupt,
Camagna, B. G.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06
THE RECALL OF DECISIONS

The Chicago Tribune and some
other papers are trying to make out
that Mr.. Roosevelt's recall Of deci-
sions" is less dangerous and more
Legitimate than the recall of judges.
and they are getting into mighty deep
water in consequence.
The truth is, as a little thought
must demonstrate, that the recall of
q decision would be infinitely more
confusing and futile than the recall
of the judges who made it.
Let as assume that a state court has
declared law unconstitutional-fo
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06

The new revolution III Mexico, in
which active warfare is being carried
on just across the river from United
States cities on the border. has given
rise to grave apprehension and danger
of international ENHANCEMENT by
reason of UnwIsa action on the part Of
impetuous citizens on this side of the
line. Americans in large numbers
are leaving Mexico until conditions
become more favorable there as a
place of residence.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06

London S militant suffragettes are
gong Carrie Nation one better. They
assembled in the high toned resi-
Dental district a few night ago,
smashing windows and otherwise in
dulging in vandalism. then broke
dozens Of plate glass windows in a
number of stores in a business section
of the city and otherwise conducted
themselves like frantic Iunatics. Mrs
Pankhurst and other leaders in her
movement to secure women the
privilege of the ballot we're arrested
and placed in Jail They declare that
they are proud of what tney have
done and that they are prepared to
take any steps and pay any price until
they secure the power of helping to
make the laws. They we're warned
that if any Of the laws are unjust they
should he amended, but that the
violent steps the sufragettes are TAX
ing will only destroy their own cause
and that to stand for the lawless acts
of cranks without cur bipg or Tebuking
their outbreaks would ultimately lead
to blOodsbed.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1912-03-06

1t has been decided by Gov.
McGovern and his associates that a
rehearing on the supreme decision in
the water power case will be
accepted as final but that a new bill
will be drafted covering the same
questions as those contained in the
law that has been declared unconsti-
tutional and if special session of
the Legislature is called to consider
the Black River Falls situation the
new bill will be presented for action.