davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16
CONDITIONS
BALKAN WAR
Turns on Number and Variety
Of Mountains, Rivers
and Lakes.

Greek navy the latter is pretty likely
10 have things its own way.
The most complete physical barrier
to communication east and west Is the
Rhodope range, but the most intricate
Is in Albania, which runs in three par
allel systems, penetrated generally only
by the toughest tracks and quite I'M
suited for any military operations 9TH
er than those Of an essentially guer
rilla character.
Under such conditions of surface re-
lief the relation of the river valleys to
the mountain barriers becomes exceed
ingly important, especially in the case
of the Martha and the Vardar. That
of the Martha is the only route for an
army between the Thraco- Macedonian
highlands and the Istranja dagh. The
former system is practically uncrossa-
BILE, there not being a continuous track
even up the Arda valley, and the rec
tangular area between Adrianople and
the Black sea, the Ergene valley and
the frontier east of the TUNA, Is so
difficult that there is not single trunk
road through it in any direction, al
though at least half n dozen branch
lines meet at the important town of
Kirk Kilise (the town of forty church
es), recently taken by Bulgarians.
The Vardar plays similar part be-
tween the Thraco-Macedonia high
lands and the Albanian systems, al
though 1t has not a monopoly Of the
area
The parallel Struma valley works
around the obstacle through a pass
near Juma, which is not more than
1000 feet above the sea, and trunk
line runs along the eastern bank Of
the river for some distance south Of
the frontier, leading on north of it,
also by trunk line, to Dubnika, but the
torrential character of the river is so
marked, in spite of its length of 225
miles, that throughout part of its cen
trail course there is not even contin-
uous track.
The strategic Importance Of the Var
dar valley Is, therefore, very great,
particularly as Uskub Is situated there.
Uskub commands the Kachnik pass be-
tween the Shar dagh and the Kara
dagh into Kossovo, but it also controls
the old Roman military road around
the north ends of the OstrovO. Presba
and Okhrida lakes to Durazzo by FL
basan and the Shkumbi valley. This
route and the Drin valley are the keys
to northern Albania. just as the Viosa
valley and the Metsovo pass are to
southern Albania.
Janina, In the extreme south of Al
bania, commands the west of the Met
sovo pass, from the trunk line from
Arta via Kalivia to the port of Santi
Quaranta and to the lakes via Osta-
nitse and Koritsa. The latter road
joins at the head of Lake Presba, the
trunk line between Monastir and
Okhrida, and this makes the little vii
lage of Kasiak the real key to the lake
plateau.
About twenty-five miles to the west
OF Constantlnople are the famous lines,
extending across the peninsula from
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16
80
GEOGRAPHIC
FIGURE IN
Strategy, Superior to Tactics,
Is Chief Factor In
Campaign.
THERE is no territory in the

~NHERE Is no territory in the
world more capable than the
II Balkans of illustrating the sn-
periority Of strategy over tao
tlcs-of war Ia theory over war in
practice-of the soldier unit over the
unit Of company or regiment.
The territory in question extends
from the Adriatlc TO the Black sea,
from Montenegro, Novipazar, Servia
and Roumanla to Greece and the wa
tiers Of the Aegean and the Marmora.
Its political divisions from west to
east are Albania, including the villa
vets OF Scutar, Janina and part of Mon
astir; Macedonia, comprising the re-
manning part Of M0nastir, and the
vilayets of Kossoyo (old Seryia) and
Salonlkl, and eastern Turkey, made up
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16

If you want the news when it is
news, read The Herald.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16

the sea of Marmora to the Black sea,
INTENDED as the first line OF defense for
the protection of the capital from at
tack by land. These are known as the
lines of ChatalJa and were begun in
1877, when the Russian army was adj
vancing on the city. The position is
one of great natural strength, consist
ing OF ridge some 500 feet high,
fianked by broad lakes. with numerous
marshes and swamps in front
Along a front OF about fifteen miles
there have been erected some thirty
redoubts and several earthen batteries,
in two or three lines, adapted to the
ground. The TANKS cannot be turned,
and the position, If properly defended
ut would require 10000 mem, would
be impregnable.
Westward along the Aegean coast
there is singular lack Of good har-
bors. Throughout the whole length Of
1t there are few points at which an in
yading force could-still less would
endeavor to land. partly on account Of
the sea approach and partly because
the access inland is almost everywhere
bad
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16
MRS. MARsHALL's PIE.

indianapolis, Nov. 13.-An apple pie
baked by Mrs. Thomas r. Marshall,
wife of the e-President-elect, at
tracted much attention from the visi-
tors today at the opening of the sec
ond annual Indiana Apple Show in this
city Sixty-three varieties of Indiana
grown apples are displayed at the ex-
hihition, which will continue open I'M
til next Wednesday.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16
BULGARIAN ARTILLERY.

of the vilayets of Constantinople and
Adrlanople, in all about 62,000 square
miles.
The plan of campaign as agreed
upon by the Balkan league is quite OBJ
vious so far. In the west the objec-
tive point of the Montenegrin army,
REINFORCED by Seryian army from
across Novipazar. is Scutari. Farther
east the objective point of another Ser
Wan army is Uskub. In the east Adri-
anople is being menaced by two or
more Bulgarian columns. In the south
a Greek army is maneuvering to gain
possession of the railways to Uskub
and Adrianople.
Adrianople is the most important of
the three objective points. 1t is sit
uated where the confuences of the
TUNA and the Arda make the Martha
navigable, at the junction of short
trunk roads from the valleys of both
these tributaries and of a number of
branch roads with the great Eastern
or Orient railway to Constantinople.
From twenty-five to thirty works are
grouped around the town proper. Some
half dozen more have been erected
along the right bank OF the Martha,
eight or nine between the left bank of
the Martha and the right bank of the
TUNA and a dozen to the east and
northeast.
On the southeast the town Is poorly
fortified, and to make an investment
flying columns of Bulgarians will
doubtless soon be heard of operating
south of the Notifications in the neigh
borhood of Lule Burgas and Dimoti-
ka, where the road to Saloniki joins
that of the orient.
Salonih is probably the objective
point Of the Greek columns operating
eastward along the gulf of Saloniki,
for should the Turks mobilize in time
to gain the junction at Lule Burgas
in force all meeting of Greeks with
Bulgarians south of Adrianople would
have to be given up.
The strategic position of Salonik,
even without covering Notifications, is
measurably strengthened by the neigh
boring lakes. The natural depression
between the Chalcidice heights and the
Bechik dagh, through which the town
might be approached, is occupied for
sTme thirty miles by lakes of Bechik
and Langaza, and, although there is
one trunk line direct from Sores to
Saloniki, lake Takhyno twenty miles
long and five wide) completely blocks
traffic east and west except on the
coastal strip of land between orphani
and Rendna.
As successful Investment of Salon
Tiki would necessarily employ the use
of the Greek navy, the naval aspect OF
the war calls for brief mention. Bull
garia, in spite of the fact that both
Varna and Burgas have been shelled
by Turkish gunboats, is in no danger
of an invasion from the Black sea, as
it would take engineers months TO place
the shallow approaches in suitable con
dition for the landing Of any consid-
cradle number Of troops. The same
natural distractions also obtain on the
Turkish coast and to nearly the same
degree on the Albanian. Where har-
bors are available on the latter the
means Of traffic into the interior are
poor and the possible objective points
distant Hence unless the Turkish
ships should venture to leave the pro-
lection of the Dardanelles and dispute
the control Of the Aegean with the
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-16
A Sick Man
Writes DR.. Hart~
man About
X d n e y
Disease.

A & e n t leman
writes me: Il
was greatly in
terested in your
article describ-
ing the Kauff-
man c ase of
serious disease
of the kidneys.
rhe description
of his case ex-
aetly outlines
my condition. I
am sure if Pc
runa cured him
.a xvNH 1a~ 50
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
COKE REGION TO
Be BENEFITED
BY RAILROADS
uNnEvELoPEp COAL WILL BE
WORKED OWING TO ExTEN;
sTuNs :oF DIFFERENT ROADS
AND MANY ROUTES WILL BE
SHORTENED.

yuNIoNT0WN, Pa, March 5.-That
the short line railroads in the course
of construction mean much to West
'ern Pennsylvania and West Virginia
is shown by the connections that are
made with the trunk lines. There is
no portion OF the coal region that will
not be entered by the new lines and 1t
is predicted that the new roads W., le
the means of causing a return OF El9s
perity.
For many years promoters had one
aim-to reach the coal fields that are
undeveloped and from general indica
lions they have gained that end. A
big field will be opened by the con-
suuction OF the Monongahela railroad
from Martin to the West. Virginia line,
while the short line between Fayette
City and Jacobs Creek will have a good
effect on the coal and coke industry.
The link OF the Western Maryland
between Cumberland and Connells'
Vile will be opened April Il and that
will mean much to that railroad and
also to the territory It touches.
From Martin Station. to Morgan
town is the link of the Pittsburgh &
Lake Erie, which connects the New
York Central lines with the Buckhan-
non & Northern and gives that road
its first entrance into Northern West
Virginia, the tonnageof which is now
monopolized by the Baltimore & Ohio
railroad.
The short line between Fayette City
and Jacobs Creek will connect the Mo-
nongahela and Youghiogheny divi;
, sions Of the Lake Erie and will be used
to shorten the haul OF Northern West
Virginia tonnage billed to seaboard
and also eastbound coke from the
lower Connellsville region originating
on the Lake Erie.
The link between Connellsville and
Cumberland will be part of the main
line of the New York CentraPs new
route from Chicago by way OF Pitts
burgh and Baltimore. Another pro
jected line of the Western Maryland
is a line through Pennsylvania by
way OF shippensburg to Philadelphia
which, when built, will give the New
York Central direct route from Chi
cago to Philadelphia by way of Pitts
burgh.
Dickerson Run is the location ol
the new Lake Erie and Western
Maryland classification yards and
shops. 1t will be the freight termin
al Of the two roads. The chartered
name OF the Western Maryland be
tween Connellsvllle and Cumberland Il
the Pennsylvania State Line Railroad
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
THE COST OF
N|INING LOW
IN WEST VA.
LESS THAN FoRrY.FIvE cENsi1
PER TON IS THE, COST SAYS, RE:

From the report that has been is
sued by the West Virginia department
Of mines 1t is shown that during the
year 1911 this State produced 200 per
cent. more coal in tonnage thanit did
in the preceding year, the total pro
'ductlon ofcoal for the past year being
a little over forty.four and half million
bushels, valued at $52 2,952,522
The coal shipped outside the State
was valued at S46,S70,OOO and ship
ments 10 the northwest were much
greater than ever before. The State
now has 425 companies operating 69S
mines. or these companies &C produc
ed 200, 900 tons during the year The
Consolidation Coal company, With
total production of 4,S27955 tons was
the largest producer, shipping more
than twice as much coal as its nearest
competitor. 1t is stated in the report
that the manufacture OF coke Is being
gradually discontinued, owing TO thu
establishment Of by.product plants a
the large coal consuming points.
The feature OF the report which vii
attract the most attention n otheI
states Of the central competitive fielt
Is that Of the cost Of mining. Y
1t Is stated in the report that abou
10000 persons are employed in th'
coal mines Of the State, and that thu
average cost OF mining ton OF coal IL
1911 was Al l.S cents, as against a
cents in 1910. The number Of day
mines we're operated decreased from
go in 1910 to 1874 in 1911, the in
creased production being due to tht
installation of modern mining ma
chinery.
That even WITH the low cost Of min
ing West Virginia miners earn as goo'
wages as miners in other States Il
shown by the statement that th'
average earnings OF each pick mine
we're $57O.4s, d slight decrease from
| ll71O. Mcdowell county is the banne
coal county of the State, SO of the 81
counties Of the State being coal Pre-
ducers.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
NINE. L.ABADIE
ARRIVES HERE
EMINENT READER WHO Is MAX.
ING WORLD TOUR WILL INTER.
PRET "a DOLLS HOUSE" AT THE
GRAND TOMORROW NIGHT.

Nine. Harriet Labadie, the dramatic
Interpreter OF plays who will appear
in the Grand Opera House on Wednes-
day night, arrived in this city this aft
ernoon from Morgantown where she
appeared last evening under the aus
plces Of the Mothers Club. Nine.
Labadle and, her secretary Miss VIII
shire, who accompanies her on her
tours are guests at the Manley Hotel
and will remain until Thursday, it be.
ing a rule OF Nine. Labadie to read but
three nights out OF each week.
Nine, Labadie made a profound i'm
preston upon her audience in Nor
gantown, SO much so that several
members OF the audience on that occa-
sion will follow her to this city and
be among her audience at the Grand.
She will give Ibsen's IA Dolls House."
Nine. Labadie appeared In this city
eight years ago and will number
among her audience many old ad-
mirers. She is a woman Of broad cul-
ture and has ben endowed by nature
with an irresistible charm Of manner,
which coupled with a voice Of appeal
Ing qualities have added materially to
her interpretative genius.
Nine Labadie comes here under the
1..AaIInn IS .Lo r,vh, rn,, Iosiu
League and IT is the pleasure of that
organization to anounce that the ex.
penses Of the affair are assured and
at nooRsto,day a surplus Of $40 is in
the treasury as clear money, to which
will be added the ticket sale fund OF
today and tomorrow.
The high class of the entertainment
coupled with the worthy cause of the
Anti.Tuberculosis League should in
sure a large audience.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
COUNCIL MEETS
SEVERAL IMPORTANT MATTERS
WERE CONSIDERED AT MEET.
ING LAST NIGHT.

The city council met last evening at
called meeting, instead oil having a
meeting tonight, this being the regular
meeting, and therefor there will be no
meeting this evening.
All bills In the police, fire and water
departments were ordered paid. There
were five building permits granted dur
ing the evening and one liquor license
transferred, the transfer being made
to ]. J. Parks.
Regarding the matter Of sewers in
different parts Of the city, several mo-
tions were made regarding the pay
merit to different parties owning prop
critics through which sewers were be
ing run,
Six restaurant licenses we're issued
and petition from the city real estate
agents and dealers was read, in which
they requested that the city license be
done away with, and the amount paid
in for their l!aonses during 1911 be re
turned 10 them. This was referred tc
the ordnance committee.
The name of alley "B" upon petition
OF the residents living along the same
was changed to Center street.
A license 10 run a skating rink was
issued 10 w. NJ. Michael, and severa
other matters OF lesser Importance
came before the body, after which the
meeting adjourned.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
sMALL cHlLb De- Ap4

The infant child of M and ifs.s
Harry Hawkins died Sestetday at
parents residence al Dakota Nine
near Rivesyiile. Interner ffa made
today in charge Of uhdeFtaIle
Innes q.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
SAMUEL LP5ON
RELATES AVERY
DRAMATIC TALE
TELLS. THE. MANNER lhs;VytE4lc Il
WOMEN AND G 2REtl WERE
Il 3EEuBsED NO s1ttlo fEEfAIs
LAWRENCE. ssa
WERE WORSE THAN RUSSIANS
HOUSE COMMITTEE HEARS or
THE ouTRAeEs SUFFERED BY
FAMILIES DURING STRIKE.

WASHINGTON, March 5.-A dra'
matte tale of the manner in which wo'
men and children were dubbed and
bayohetted by police and militia as a
result Of the strike in Lawrence, Mass,
was related under oath to the house
rules committee by Samuel Lipson, a
striker. He cited what he said were
specific instances OF brutality as he
swore he witnessed them.
mot even the Russian Cossacks, the
widest soldiers that saw in Russia
ever did. things like these" said Lip
son.
The witness told the committee that
among the spectators, seated in the
rear Of the room were some Of the wo
men and children that he saw beaten
He suggested that the committee call
them to relate their experiences under
oath.
When Lipson had concluded, Presi
dent Gompers of the American Fedora
tion of Labor took the stand, and con
demniHg the organization Of the Indus
trial workers of the World, to which
most Of the strikers belonged, he pro
tested that they had good cause fol
complaint; that their strike was justl
fed, and that the action OF the authori
ties in preventing the children Of the
strike to leave Lawrence was a viola
tion of personal rights.
These people had been misled into
an organization htat does not organize
and leadership which leads nowhere,
Gompers said. Between the unyield
ing tyranny OF mill owners and the
false arguments OF those who have LED
them, these people have been driver
to desperation.
81 differ with any man who asserts
that they have not full justification
for their actions and maintain that the
city authorities OF Lawrence have IN
terfered with their personal rights, the
rights of free speech, Of free assembl
ing and Of free locomotion betweer
States.
Whether the cause Of the people Il
Just or not-and maintain it is-tht
authorities had no authority to preven
their sending their children to New
York, or Philadelphia, or Kalamazoo
This patornal interestin these children
by the city OF Lawrence and the State
of Massachusetts is a new thing"
Gompers advised an immediate in
vestigation by Congress
Another personal encounter wa
avoided with difficulty when the com
mittee adjourned for the luncheon re
cess Monday GomperS, on leavlcl
the hall was accosted by two laborinl
men who stopped him and accused hin
of unfairness in his discussion Of tn
III. W. w. in his testimony
Gompers replied testify and the dis
.cTissioh waxed warm RepresentatiS,
Wilson tPa,l interfered and parted IN
three beiligeraHts. The two men re
fused to give their names,
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
PROF.. L0RNNG
TALKS TONIGHT
WILL GIVE AN ILLUSTRATED LEG
TURE AT GRAND OPERA HOUSE,
SPEAKS IN INTEREST OF GAME
ASSOCIATION.

Professor ]. Alden Loring will give
In illustrated lecture at the Grand
Opera House, tonight, beginning al
S:15, no admission being charged.
Prof. Loring is coming here undeI
The auspices of the American Game
Protection and propagation Associa
ton, his services having been secured
for this city through the efforts o.
State Game and Fish Warden james
Vlquesney.
MIR. viquesney himself will also bt
resent tonight, and it is very likely
hat he, too, will make short address
to the assembled sportsmen.
Warden viquesney had heard Prof
Loring talk several times, and sayi
that It is one OF the most interesting
addresses that he ever heard, and alst
that the slides and pictures which hi
carries are alone well worth going t
see.
All OF those interested In the gam'
and fish movement in this State should
be present tonight, as Prof. LoringI
message bears good news to all inter
ested in sport.
Professor Lorlng is a great hunte
himself, having accompanied ex.Presl
dent Roosevelt on his hunting trll
through Africa,
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
REMAINS here
\ 5hony. or MRS. AURA LEE JACK
s,N q d gsFRA THIS
kFTER RMooil.

3S The remains Of Mrs. Laura Raymond
Jackson, whose death occurred yester'
day in Philadelphia. arrived here this
afternoonIf.atiJ1.8O O'Clock. Accom-
paning theqremalns we're her. sister,
Mrs. ,Helep;Beddicord, and the latter's
daughters and son, Mrs. Sam Phoe'
bues, Mrs. Katharine Robert, OF At,
lantlc City. and Mr.. Al Peddicord' OF
this city; who was in Philadelphia
when Mrs. jackson died.
The remains were met at the depot
by relatives and were conveyed to the
home Of her. sister, Mrs. Mary Virginia
IIiIa on Quincy street. Funeral ser
vices will be held at the residence
there probably on Thursday. Judge
". s. Raymond and son Paul, who
we're In Florida when Mrs. Jacksons
death occurred will not arrive mere
until Wednesday night.
Funeral arrangements are in charge
of Undertaken r. L. Cunningham.
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
ASSOCIATED
CHARITIES
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WILL
MEET TONIGHT - PLANS Fob
FINANCING PROJECT WILL BE
DISCUSSED.

The executive committee Of the AS
sociated' Charities organization will
hold meeting this evening at the Y,
M. C. "A. building for the purpose ot
considering plans for the financing Of
the organization.
This meeting is open to the public
and all who are interested in the or
ganization are invited to be present,
The meeting will begin at 1889 O'clock
For some time the executive com
mittee has been considering plans
for the financing OF the affair and to-
night these plans will be presented to
those interested, BY the committee on
Finance Contributions and Member
ship. =
Several OF the prominent business
men OF the city, who are directly or
indirectly connected with the organI'
cation will present plans for the finan'
cial part of the organization.
The organization is meeting with
favor among the right thinking and
charitably inclined people OF this COM
munity and the work Of organization
is progressing rapidly and It is the
hopes OF the promoters of the organl,
cation to have things ready and in
working condition in the very near fu.
ture.
A worker will be brought here from
one OF the larger cities in the near fu;
ture to aid in getting the work Of tho
s,rganizatfa ~ = ~ u, 4
The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-03-05
RESUME 0F WORK DQN BY
. + c. TRACTION COMPANY
REPORT or THE YEhIE SHOWS
a WONDERFUL pEv NiENT
ALONG ALI LINE lli WAS
ONE OF GREAT cTIsll

The annual report Of the lInlont
and clarksburg Traction compans hes
just been completed and shg much
progress made by the ttanspor ortatlon
system for the year ttist closed.
A resume OF the report shows me
following interesting items chat hsKe
taken place during the yeai;
The first Is the conpls ton and c ell
ing OF the Fairmont and nFthesn line
between this city and FaIryieI This
line was built thtoue some very
rugged country and ls considered The
best road OF tie system from q
cal standpoint. Twas opened on ne
twelfth day OF Mastlie event being
helped by Barnpni and Bailey's circus
playing here that Ag Over @ensys
five hundred passengeE were carrled
over the road on HE opening day
Ever since the opening the Eoad hss
been doing splendid husIpes she
taking over and operation Of tiise
mont and Mannlngtcn line is anotheF
achievement during the year lle
construction, completion opening and
operation Of the Clatkshlrg and Afees
ton line to Mt. clarewas another 6lg
undertaking that was accolnp npltshed
the company. The construct Ton q
Eighth street line Tie building and
opening of Loop Park was part o