davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

honest, philosophical men who could
speak from personal experience, they
floored me fiat with their narration of
what had actually happened. The initia-
tive, referendum and recall were to their
eyes las they are to mine), merly a
means to an end-the restoration of the
control of public opinion"
Governor Wilson is opposed to the re-
call for judges, but this important point
should be remembered in that connec-
ton:
He is not among those who believe it
would put too much power into the peo-
pies hands.
He believes the reform of the judi
ciary is bigger and broader than the re-
call of a single corrupt judge here and
there. and that the remedy is for the
people to use existing machinery Cor get
new machinery where they need it, for
the election Of honest men and the en-
actment of progressive laws.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
woArEN ANp CHuRCH WORK.

WOMEN AND CHURCH WORK.
Conscientious member OF the Baptist
church has written a letter to me. ask
ing my views as TO what women church
members should door 60 state Il plainly
What are women's duties In the
church" Being q Methodist myself, I
r0f-e---r4sert-s-2 aFt4st-sistes- must
can or VIII do. In her organization; but
lean tell her what think are a Meth
odist woman's duties and while my sis
ter Methodists may conclude that have
undertaken b say too much on this
line without knowledge and my Bap-
list sister may find my advice not ap-
piicable 90 her vocation ! am going to
give an old lady's views and then leave
the subject with YOU.
7 have been peEgtng alOrg as a mem
Der OF the church for nearly 81 years. I
know have not bee nan efficient mem
Der according 10 the views OF those who
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

Twenty-Five years
ago Phil Armour,
the Chicago pack
er, kept a score Of
travelling men on
the road and used
up thousands of
dollars in postage
10 advertise his
pr 1ducts with the
retailer.
One day a young
fellow in his Of
flee said to him:
49,. Armour,
you're all wrong
about this. The
way to sell goods
is to ADVERTISE to
I h c consumers.
Then the retailers
will have to buy
to meet the public
demand"
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
A Sign Was Too RiSque
New York World.

WINSTED, Conn.-Old Boreas simply
won't permit an advertisement showing
pretty girl in barrel which covers
her from chest to knees and bearing a
sign, Clothes pressed while you wait"
to stay covered UP.
Objection was taken to the sign on
Main street by admirers Of Anthony
Comstock principles and heavy canvas
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

We must take the selection
of candidates out of the hands
of machines working behind
closed doors and put it in the
hands of the people.
The best thing you can do
with anything that is crooked
is to lift it up where people
can see il.
Centralized business has built
up vast structures of organiza-
ton and equipment which over
top all states gov
erned not bg votes. but by COM
mands, seeking not service, but
profits.
The great monopoly of this
country is the money monopoly.
The brow Of the nation. and all
all activities, are in the hands of
a few men who chill,
check and destroy genuine eco
nOmic freedom
You cannot make a reckless,
passionate mob out of sober peo-
pie earning their living in a free
country.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

was spread over the picture and nailed
down. But every time a strong wind
comes along it rips and tears the can
vas until the pretty girl in the barrel
Is able to get good peek at the Main
street traffic
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

part of the welcome home display to Cardina
Farley. The chaneel rail- had been festoOned
with holly and there were countless evergreen
trees within the sanctuary and about the pill
lars. When the doors were closed there was
none OF this left. Catholics aud others broke
off and took away the pieces OF greens for
souvenirs OF the Homecoming Of the prince OF
the church to keep and pass down to their
children and grandchildren.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

In his next article Newman will tell
how Mrs Wilson helps her husband in
his public work and how the father.
mother and three daughters live in the
privacy of their home.)
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
Souvenir Fiends Were BUSY

New York World.
Crowds stripped the interior of st. Patrick's
cathedral OF all decorations within hands
reach which had been placed in the ediiice as
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

Did you ever see a dining car porter look
pleasantly at q passenger who has been three
hours on the train without orderingT
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

Also, is there any danger that Q womAn'a
track?
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

Some men are 80 careless they can't fall
off a rail fence without hitting the mud-side.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
THESE SIX LETTERS
From New England Women
Prove that Lydia e. Pinkham's Vegetable COM
pound Does Restore the Health of Aing Women.

Change of Life and suffered
could nothing
Pinkham Vegetable Compound
and following Saturday morning the hem
regularly and steadily
gaining
troubled should give
will find
Fifth Street Boston, Mass
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
letter from Mrs. Julia King, Phenix, Ri

steady mill from the time
old until had married think that caused my oa e
left that TO
back and would have lie bed for two or three days
able to housework.
Lydia Pnkhams Vegetable Compound has helped me
the of others
glad to do anything within to recommend your
JULIA KIyGB Box Phceuix. Ri
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06

BY OLIVER p. NEWMAN.
Author of The Fortunes Of The SUM-"
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
Letter from Miss Grace Dodds, Bethlehem, NJ

For so years Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound has been the standard remedy for fe-
male ills. No one sick with wOman's ailments
does Justice to herself who viii not try this ia
nous medicine, made from roots and herbs, it
has restored so many suffering women to health.
FWrite tOLYDIA E. PINKHAM MEDICINECO.
ES CONFIDENTIAL LYNN, MASS, for advice.
Your letter will be opened, read and answered
49, vuraEl and held in strict confidence.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-02-06
letter from Mrs. Eta Donovan, WiIIimantic, Conn.

suffered untold from female
troubles Irregularities dizziness and posta-
walk without stopping
all in
something different received
benefit from of them but seemed suffer The last doctor
nothing
health again So began taking Lydia E P9khans COMPOUND
bottles OF
advised restored natural health
ETA DONOVAN, 762 Main Street, Wilimantic, Conn.
Letter from Mrs. Winfield Dana, Augusta, Me.
Compound has cured the
right side, and
perfectly we'll Augusta, Me-
Letter from Mrs. j. A. Thompson, Newport, Vt.
Newport you benefit Lydia E. Pnkhams
bottles
taking shall
speak fiend"Ms JOHN A THOMPSON Box
Newport Center,
Letter from Miss Grace Dodds, Bethlehem, NH.
working hard sweeping carpets washing
baskets of clothes was
81 n month.
mother Lydia Pnkhas Vegetable Com
already feel like another girl regular and DO
will tell all
doing me-Mss Oracle DoDDs,
Box 49, Bethlehem, NH.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24
Zhe Truth about the
MInOtaurzMLd
Paintings Ten Thousand Years Old
Which JhoW H0W Undrn1ed Girls and
Boys LCere Thr0Un Into the Arend to
|Grupple with LUild Bulls JUST DISCOV]

The tribute was paid twice Just
before the third period Of nine years
arrived Theseus, the son of the
Athenian King, Aegeus, volunteered
to be one OF the seven youths to be
devoted to the Minotaur, which he
hoped to vanquish
When Theseus arrived in Crete,
Ariadne, the fair-haired daughter
OF Minos, fell In love with him and
gave him the sword with which to
slay the Minotaur and thread by
means Of which he could make his
way out Of the Labyrinth after the
conflict. Thus was the monster
slain, and Theseus, escaping from
the maze, sailed away with Ariadne.
So runs the legend.
This story, says the Rev. Mr.,
Blake, seems at first sight to move
entirely in the realms Of pure
romance. Yet the convio.ion OF Its
reality was very strong with the
Athenlans, and was indeed eY.
pressed in a ceremony which held
IT'S own to a late stage in Athenian
history The ship in which Theseus
was said to have sailed was re-
served with the utmost care till at
least the beginning Of the third cen
tury B. c., her timber being con-
stantly pieced and new framed
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

~ E all the hideous legends which
have come down TO US from
~ the past that of the Mino'
H. the bull-headed monster with
IA body OF a gigantic man, which
|selt in the Labyrinth of Crete and
Ixtroyed maidens and boys, is one
4 the most persistent.
Recent excavations on the site Of
3bossos, the ancient capital Of
|1ete. have at last revealed just
hat the Minotaur was-the mem
M Of the first bull fights, during
-hich unarmed girls and boys were
trown into the arena to Srapple
-ith fierce bullsI These fights
Ia only be compared in their hor-
|urs 10 the terrible scenes in the
Hpman arena when the Christians
here thrown among the beasts OF
De Jungle.
These astonishing discoveries are
|Sd IN a book just written by Rev.
q jones Blake, one Of the ex-
brsrs. and published by Mac
Inan & Co., under the title OF 1.-The
d Kings of Crete" Crete is n
q Island in the Aegean Sea lying
the coast of Greece, Upon it
friBhed an ancient civilization
bth Greece took as the A:sis Of
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

with strong plank, .s,,,oo
The mere fact Of such fraa'I.o,'
ne that of the galley is at leGsI pre-.
sunaptiuc evidence that some hsStor'o
around lay behind be'ter so per.
ssistemt. hoioever the story may havs
boen added to and adorned aoaIn su-
oe,naturQl details Dy later s"'ao'no'
fi0n. A.. ,rinotau-
soys DR.. Blake. was FOUND ouiins ,s
the excavations In strange SELL seLs'
~ ~ ruins composing block OF 9uiia,
nos between what they cailea tne
1u I6ns Gallery and the Central Court
There can be little remaining
ao,,ht" saws DR.. Blake. quoting
the famous English aTchaeoloelss,t' ns,
mr. @ a ]. Evans. "that this vast @ eda,
Gee which in broad historic senss
yy. we are justified in callinS inc e
.po,ace OF Minos.' Is ono and .he
came ~ the traditional 'Lanyrintn.
s"A = great part of the ground plan
Itself with its long corridors anu
ranaa,ed uSea succession OF blind gal,,
,or,ea its tortuous passaHsS A""
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

nowadays it Is the bull that has no
chance, then 1t was the girl or
mani
within the palace proper" says
DR.. Blake. "a huge beehive cham
Der was eXcavated In the rock un-
derlyipg the southern portico. II
had been filed in with later debris
and sherd OF the Middle Mlnoan
period, and evidently belonged to q
period aptedating that Of the con-
struction OF even the earliest palace.
Its floor has only beeA reached by
small shaft at the depth OF hfty-two
feet from the summit OF It's cupola:
and as yet the floor remains largely
IneXplored. Professor Murray has
suggested that this underground
vault may be the first actual
labyrinth Of the legend, the under
ground temple OF the ouli-god.
I'm all this. then" concludes Dr..
Blake. I'VE have the real explana-
tIon Of th, Minotaur, To satisfy
the murderous lust Of the Cretans
inaidens and youths were thrown
unarmed into the arena to grappls
with the bulls. But at the same
time IT will be remembered that the
Crttans worshipped a bull headed
goo, The legend OF Minos states
that he ruled for nil e years. the
gossip OF tie Great Zeus,' and that
every nine years he went Into the
cave of Zeus, or of the bull-god, to
converse, receive new command
ments and give account of his
stewardship. The nine-year period
recurS in the account of the bloody
tribute Of seven youths and seven
majdens who were offered to tho
Minotaur every ninth year. May
we not, therefore, have in these
statements n distorted recollection
OF the fact that the royal incarna-
tion OF the bull-god originally held
his office only for terL OF niue
years, and that at the end OF that
period he went into the Dictean
Cave. the sanctuary Of his divinity.
and was there slain in sacrifice,
while from the cave his successor
came forth and was hailed as the
rejuvenated incarnation of divinity.
to reign il his turn and then to
perish as his predecessor had done?
IN this cas-, the seven youths and
seven maidens who were offered To
the MInotaur at the end OF the nine
year 2eriot may have been slain
with him. to be his companions and
servants in the underwood or, as Is
perhaps more likely. they may. In
later stage OF the custom. have been
accepted MS his substitutes. so that
the death of the King was merely
ritual one"
And from this ritual, and from
the horrors of the first bull fights,
came the legend OF the Minotaur.
the bull-headed. monstrous man
who destroyed maideus and youths!
1t was not the monster who DE-
voured them. but the hldeous fate
of the victims OF the arena and the
sacrifice Of the fourteen to the god
found expression In the later yer.
sion OF the atrocities Later the Ro-
mans, In the same way, were to east
the Christians Into the arena to
fight barehanded, against the
beasts OF The jungle; and the same
unequal combat was applauded by
Roman matron and maiden as the
matrons and maidens OF ancient
Crete applauded the tbroes OF the
victims OF Il first buli-ring!
The Minotour is as last e.
Dia,Iedi
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

I'm this case the picture is one OF
three toreadors. two girls and
boy, with a single bull. The girls
arc distinguished by their white
skins, their more vari-colored cos.
tunes, their blue and red dindems
and their curlier hair, but are
otherwise dressed like their male
companion.
"In the centre OF the picture the
great bull Is seen in full charge.
The boy toreador has succeeded in
catching the monsters horns and
turning a clean somersault over his
back, while one OF the girls holds
out her hands to catch him as he
comes 10 the ground But the other
girl. standing In front OF the bull. is
Just at the critical moment OF the
cruel sport. The great horns are
almost passing under her arms, and
T. looks almost an eve. chance
whether she will be able to catch
them and vault, as her companion
has done, over the bulls back, or
whether she will fall and be gore1
TO danth
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

w culture. It Is the scene OF
eurflng stories Of the poet
~. III. nd was sacked by bar
,, ns from the north about two
rSau years before the height or
leek civilization.
'o,otalng 10 the legend. the
out was the offspring of Pasi.
sae Queen OF Minos, King OF
Ssstans- The monster was kept
.a,ap within a vast and intricate
5a,St called the Labyrinth. which
Ios us the architect for King
m mad constructed, A son OF
VINO had triumphed over all
sn,. n,nehian competitors OF the
n lan snmes, was slain OH his
|psa uacK to Knossos. and Mlnos. to
- als death. cent out his fleet
unnsa uns,.ea war on Athens. Minos
Ioss ossuea. and exacted by way OF
from the Athenians that
rine years 1eveu maldens and
yosths should be delivered 70
k eno upon their arrival in
~ - cast Into the Labyrinth to
- 'ne prey Of the Minotaur.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24
m THE HDEOUS
CRETAN
LABYRINTH
ITSELF!

spacious underground conduits, its
bewildering system of small cham
bers, does, In fact. present many of
the characteristics of a maze"
FOLLOWING this an amount OF
treasure was discovered-but no
treasure su great as some paintings
at least six thousand years old,
which all at once threw a new light
on the Minotaur.
"A fresco." writes Or. Blake, was
found In the following season among
the debris fallen from a chamber
overlooking the Labyrinth. This
was actually picture Of those
sports In which the Minoan and
Mycenaean monarchs evidently took
such delight, and in which the main
figures were great bulls and torea.
dors.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

In such a sport, in which life
or death depended upon an instant.
in which slip Of the foot, mis-
judgment OF distance OF a waverIng
OF nand or eye meant horrible de-
struction. We may be sure that the
tragedies OF the Minoan bull-ring
were many and terrible. and that
the fair DANES Of the Knossian
palace. modern in costume and mp
pearance as they seem to us, were
as habituated to scenes Of cruel
bloodshed as any Roman lady who
watched the sports OF the Colosseum
and saw gladiators hack one an-
other to pieces TO- her pleasure.
Not very far rom the north en-
trance Of the palace, beneath the
room where, the year before. had
been found the fresco Of q Little
Boy Blue gathering crocuses-an
innocent figure to cover so grim
reveiation-there came TO light the
walls OF two deep pits, going right
down nearly twenty-five feet to the
virgin soil.
"The pits were lined with stone
work, faced with smooth cement.
and it seems almost probable that
these were the dungeons Of the
palace, in which we may imagine
that the miserable captives brought
back by the great Kings fleet from
It's voyages of conquest and plunder.
and the human tribute paid by the
conquered states. dragged out their
existence until the time came for
them either to be trained for the
cruel sport to which they were de-
voted or actually to take their
places In the bull-ring, II 1t be so.
then the dungeons Of Minos would
keep their captives securely enough;
escape from the deep pits, with
their smooth and slipp.ry walls.
must have been practically impossl-
BILE, save by connlvance on the part
OF the guards or by the Intervention
OF some tender hearted Ariadne!
The Cretans and Mycenaeans were
as fond of their bull fights as che
modern Spanlard is oe hls-only
Bas Relief of the Minotaur
Itself. a Remarkable Carving
of One of the Fighting Bulls
Of 10000 Years Ago, just
Found at Knossos, in Crete.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24
Sunday, March 24, 1912

"The Minotaur," by G. F.
Watts, One of the Most Power
full, Spiritual and Intellectual
Artistic Conceptions Of Modern
Times, in Which the Artist Has
Made the Ancient Mythical
Monster the Type Of All Brutal
Sensualisy.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-03-24

in
Fed
Anos her hkprsssiIn E stSin OF ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-07
SAYS INDIANS ARE EXPLOITED
Virtual Charge Made by Representa-
tive Ferris in House.

Systematic exploitation of the Indian
by politicians virtually was charged on
the floor Of the House yesterday by
Representative Ferris Of Oklahoma, DEM
ocrat. in defending a proviso in the In
dian appropriation bill limiting drafts on
the treasury Of the five civilized tribes
to the necessary expenditures for schools
The proviso was attacked by Representa-
tive Miller of Minnesota, republican, who
declared that it would prevent the In
dams from employing attorneys to attend
to their tribal affairs and render i'm
possible the remuneration of tribal Of
ficials.
Mr. Ferris said the five civilized tribes,
under their own government, in the first
year expended only $4,000 for admins
tration. Since then, he declared, the
raids on the tribal funds had increased
until last year the cost of administration
had reached more than 81 .3OS 600.
Mr.. Ferris said committee Of eight
men and an annual expenditure OF not to
exceed 100000 should administer and
meet the expenses of conducting the af-
fairs of the five tribes.
Mr.. Miller succeeded in having stricken
from the bill an item Of $685. 900 for the
payment of salaries Of those engaged in
advertising and selling surplus and un-
allotted Indian lands. His attempt to
have the school funds proviso eliminated
still was under discussion when the House
adjourned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-07
WASHINGTON PROOF

b. X. Alder, 25A Bates street NV,
DC, sayss "DOan's Kidney
Pills did me a world Of good, and IL n
public account OF my experience will
lead other kidney sufferers to try this
remedy I willingly give IL. 1 suffered
for five years from an annoying kidney
weakness and an almost constant back
ache. I believed that my trouble was
by my being on my feet no
much. L took most every remedy that
was brought to my attention, but 10 no
avail until L procured Doan's Kidney
Pills at stevens Pharmacy. They stop
ped the backache and regulated the
passage of the kidney secretiOns.
Kidney Pills live up to all the
claims made for them" Statement
given I'm November, 19OS.)
A LASTING CURE.
On April I6, 1910, Mr.. Alder said; ut
gives me great Measure to confirm my
former Enforcement of Doan's Kidney
Pills and add that the cure they eff
fected in my case has been permanent"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-07
SCHEDULE OF GAMES
COLUMBIA LEAGUE, 1912.

April 2a-Kensington VS.. A. s. & T.
April 3O-Southern Railway VS.. Braddock.
May Washington Times VS.. Mt. Pleasant.
May mt. Pleasant VS.. Kensington.
May 4-Braddock VS.. Washington Times.
May 8-Kensington vs.. Southern Railway.
May Braddock vs.. Mt. Pleasant.
May 9-Kensington vs.. Washington Times.
May 1o-southern Railway Vs. Mt. Pleasant
May 13-Washington Times VS.. Southern Rwy
May May 1tB 81, 6,sa.. vs.: Kensinston:
MAY MAY 1hrad fessant s ss A.
May INT. Pleasant VS.. Washington Times.
May 1s s. 7. vs.. Kensington;
May Ra Tms' vs. vs. s.
May 22-Kensington vs. Mt. Pleasant.
May pa: S. { T. vs.. Washington Times.
May 2s-Southern. Railway vs.; Kensinston.
May 21-Braddock VS.. A. 8. T.
May 2s-Washington Times vs.. Remington.
May 30-Open date.
May 3l-Kensington VS.. Braddock.
June IA: $: & 7; VS.. Mt. Pleasant.
June @kensington vs. A. s. & T.
June 5-Southern Railway vs. Braddock.
June June s-Washinster Times VS. Mt Pleasant
June S-Mt Pleasant vs.. Remington.
June June 1Gkraddock VS.; Washington Times
june Times ts 4 s.
June 13-Braddock VS.. Mt. Pleasant.
June l4-kensington VS.. Washington Times.
June 15-Southern Railway. VS.. Mt. Pleasant
June ia. s. & T. VS.. Braddock.
June 1S-Washington Times VS.. Southern Rwy
June 19-BraddOck vs.. Kensingt0n.
June 20-Mt. Pleasant VS.. A. 8. T.
June 21-Braddock Va. Southern Railway.
June pint. Pleasant We. Washington Times
June PA. 8. & T. vs.. Kensington.
June 25-Open date.
June 2s-Washington Times vs.. Braddock.
June 2-Southern Railway VS.. A. 8. & T.
June 2S-Kensington vs.. Mt. Pleasant.
June pa. s. & T. vs.. Washington Times.
July mt. Pleasant vs. Braddock.
July 2-SOuthern Railway VS.. Kensington.
July 3-Braddock vs.. A. s. & T.
July 4Open date.
July 5-Washington Times vs. Kensington.
July 6-Mt. Pleasant vs.. Southern Railway.
July S-kensington Vs. BraddOck.
July "a. S. & T. vs. Mt. Pleasant.
July 1O-Sonthern Rwy. vs.. Washington Times.
July 11-kensington vs.. A. S. g. 7.
July 12-SOuthern Railway VS.. Braddock.
July 13-Washington Times Mt. Pleasant.
July IA. s. & T. VS.. Southern Railway.
July 1G-Mt. Pleasant VS.. Kensngton
July l1-BraddOck Washington Times.
July 1S-kensngtOn VS.. Southern Railway.
July 19-Washngton Times A. 8. & T.
July 20-Braddock Mt. Pleasant.
July 22-kensingtOn vs.. Washington Times.
July 23-Southern Railway Mt Pleasant.
July PA. 5. & T. VS.. Braddock
July 25-Washington Times VS.. Southern Rwy.
July 0i-Braddock VS.. Kensington.
July 27-Mt. Pleasant vs.. A. 8. & T.