davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
and the four to eight feet primary Dai-
lots Of this year would become 1ocose
memory
MILK STANDARD DOWN; DEATH
RATE UP.

If Governor Dix does not veto the Dill
making it possible TO sell low grade mix
here this city will become dumping
ground for poor milk, just as 1t used 10
be made dumping ground for short
weight and short measure articles when
there was no attempt made to get at the
cheaters. 1t will be all the more so be-
cause the tendency Of milk regulation
everywhere else Is toward greater strict
ness. Cities universally are recognizing
the need of a purer and better supply OF
milk. The producers Of milk driven out
elsewhere will pour their inferior prod
uct into New York.
And the bill undermnes the work for
children that is being done here. 1t
is of little use for the city and for pri-
vate philanthropy to establish milk bu-
reaus where wholesome milk Of adequate
nutritive quality may be obtained for
the feeding Of children II the state by
law debases the standard of milk gen
orally. The mothers Of the tenements
cannot he educated up to the Importance
Of obtaining good milk for their babies II
the state declares that poor milk viii
serve as we'll If that bill becomes a
law it will mean the starving Of many.
The infantile death rate will tell the
story
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
THE !STGAR TRUST TRIAL.

The result Of the sugar trust trial, IN
spite Of the fact that it was almost an
acquittal, is more encouraging TO the gov
ernment than was that in the beef trust
prosecution. The questions asked by the
jury after retiring suggest that the ver-
dict turned largely upon the effect of
the statute Of limitations, The immunity
afforded by this statute may also have
had its influence in the beef trust trial.
since the governments case for the
period before immunity took effect was
much stronger than il was for the later
period.
For the lapse Of time which may
have interfered with the successful
prosecution in these two cases the uncer-
tainty regarding the Sherman act was
responsible. The facts in regard to the
Segal loan were made known to the gov
ernment long before an indictment was
sought, but the Supreme Courts deci-
sion in the Knight case was thought to
bar criminal action. Now that the scope
Of the law has been much clarified the
government can at least act more
promptly The chief obstacle that seems
to stand in the way now Of the success
full application Of the criminal clause Of
the Sherman act is that attitude of the
public mind which was reflected in the
beef trust jurors remark that the 'pCo-
pie had not suffered" The public is not
as sure about the criminality Of combi-
nation as it is about the criminality Of
burglary. Without the general and IN
qualified assent of the community a
criminal law is likely to be dead letter.
On every hand are illustrations Of the
difficulty in enforcing statutes regarding
which opinion is in an unsettled state.
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
COMPULSORY UNIONISM.

The demand of the anthracite coal
miners for an increase of pay may or
may not be warranted by circumstances.
That is question to be answered
through careful investigation. But it
makes intrinsically an appeal to reason
and 10 sympathy. The American people
want workmen TO be adequately paid for
their labor. Starvation wages are re-
pugnant 70 the American theory Of In
dustrialism. The standard should not
be simply upon how little can men main
tain their lives, but rather to how much
are they justly entitled as their share
Of the profits Of the enterprise in which
their labor is one of the prime factors.
There is q strong aversion on the part
of thoughtful and prudent men to strikes
as.means Of enforcing even the most JUS
tifable demands for higher wages, be-
cause of the gross wastefuness, if moth
Ing worse OF that method Of controversy
and because of its direct opposition to
that benign principle of reason and ad-
Indication which in our day is prevail
ing more and more in the affairs of ma
tions. OF corporations and Of individuals,
and which It Is to be hoped will entirely
supplant all wars, whether military
commercial or industrial. Undoubtedly
this part of the present coal dispute
deserves serious consideration, but
should be susceptible of determination on
grounds of mathematical accuracy.
Far different is another demand which
Is bracketed with 1t. That is, that the
mine owners shall not merely recognize
the trade unions and give them a monop
oily of employment, but also shall make
themselves the agents Of the unions for
collecting the members dues and en-
forcing the union rules. 1t is demanded
that the operators shall each month de-
duct from the wages of the men the
amount of dues prescribed by the unions
and pay this directly to the collecting
officers Of the union organization. We
do not know what relative weight Is
given TO this demand by the unions, COM
pared with that for higher wages. Judg-
ing from some former controversies, II
IS possible that it Is considered the most
important OF ALL But ii Is certain that
the public would not so regard 1t, and
would not regard with favor or with pa
thence am strike or other disturbance Of
Industry for the purpose OF enforcing
that demand.
The right of coal miners, as Of other
men, to form trade unions or other or
ganizations for their own benefit is not
10 be disputed; nor Is the right Of such
organizations to collect, according 10
their own rules, dues and fines from their
members. But 1t is different thing 10
require employers or other persons out
side Of the unions and with neither au-
thority over them nor responsibility to
them to act as collecting agents and as
executive officers for the enforcement OF
union rules. We should greatly doubt
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
PARTY CONUITTEES AND THE
BALLOT

Many complaints of the excessive
length Of the ballot used in last Tues
days primary election were undoubtedly
justified. although in certain Assembly
districts in this county voting was just
as easy as it usually Is at a general
election. \ long ballot is in itself I'M
desirable and involves undue expense
in printing and handling Therefore, if
we are TO retain the present system OF
electing party committees by direct vote
it would seem advisable to reduce the
membership of those committees.
The present unwieldy county ard dis
trict committees were a natural growth
under the cid method Of party govern
ment 1t was found advantageous TO
make them as inclusive and represent
ative as possible because they were In
trusted with the duty Of directing and
guiding the voters The committees led
and the voters followed. But now that
the voters are expected to make nomi-
nations for most offices directly, the
functions of the committees have been
more or less circumscribed. Merely as
an agency carrying out the will of the
voters a small committee would proba-
bly, do better than large one. Eventu-
ally its duty will be TO see that candi-
dates who offer themselves are put on
the ballot without discrimination for or
against any individual.
That is not the case under the present
law, which puts the committee In the
position of being especially interested in
the candidates which it designates.
But as the direct election system works
out in practice the committees power
to designate will probably be surren-
dered and it will then become simply
the agent Of the voters as whole. The
work now done by thirty, forty or fifty
men could then be done by five OF ten
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01

American. A large part Of the mail re-
ceived by many editors appears to be COM
posed Of anxious inquiries as to which is
the most grammatickle," Between you
and me" or Between you and l." To all
| appearance, even, a large part Of the
writer's and proofreaders on New York
dailies are in absolute haze as to the diff
ference between who" and whom" as
to when ago should be used instead of
since" as to the correct disposition OF
only" in sentence.
When the indisputable carelessness and
ignorance wide prevailing in the use OF our
American Is wholly remedied or even meas
urably abated. then will be time enough TO
make the United States happy hunting
ground for quadriling,;aiists, time enough
to convert the whole of Central Park into
one hugo menagerie, where MezZofantis
and neutrality-suspicious. may roam un-
tcthered and browse at leisure.
Our linguistic percentage Of the total ever
increasing, about 60 per cent Of all the
newspapers and periodicals in the world
are already printed in American, and near
ly everything new In the arts, inventions,
discoveries, explorations, compositions ana
processes Is either first printed in Amert-
can with a promptness and fulness unri-
vailed by any other past or present lin
guistic medium and with universally OF
dissemination universally recognized, or is
in satisfactory time and form translated
for American benefit. The need. at no
period Of our history acutely in evidence,
Of our people for two or more languages
ioflN Las
Existing is the widespread and absolutely
correct impression that while multiplicity
of languages may be individually benefit
and pleasure, nationally It is a positive
nuisance.
AS to the alleged necessity for our learn
ing French or any other foreign language
as an entrance to Latin avenues Of cult
ure," etc, 1t certainly seems that while
the Latin civilization and culture possess
much, including much of the very highest
yet most of that which can or ever could
be learned from the Latins We have already
cleaned; and now, for quits, they are learn
ing more from us than We are learning
from them.
Seamen. scientists, librarians, educators,
actors, translators, editors and tiptakers
constitute, all told, possibly 10 per cent of
our population, and their special require
ments and attainments having been duly
weighed, conceded and respected, remains
yet the fact that, in the decided main, the
United States is and will be, and preferen-
TALLY, a. unilingual, American speaking ma
tion. q nation Of no other kind. Not for us
now. and fortunately never, the linguistic
misfortunes and retrogresslons of Switzer-
land Belgium and Austria.
JACOB BACkES.
New York, March 25. 1872
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
THE MUSE IS SILENT
While P. U. MS Frantic Question
Gurgles Up from the Quicksand.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: With enthusiasts on the one side
advocating a tax upon bachelors and en-
thusiasts on the other side demanding a
check upon marriage through certificates
medical financial, domestic and sentimen"
tai what, o Muse! Is a man to do?
OF course. when It comes to a showdown
the poor unmarried man might fall back
upon his rights TO personal liberty given
by George Washington's Constitution" or
might turn to his rights 10 marriage given
to him by Dame Nature. but in so doing
the p. u. m likely would he jump
ing into a quicksand with both hands
IN his pants pockets. There would be heard
a public splutter, Washington bedamned!
Dame Nature bedamned! You bedamned!
II you don't get married. you pay bonus,
II you do get married. you buy file or GER
tifcateI 10 indicate that we. the public.
the boss -obeying public, the worried, the
hurried bur never. never Hurried, the trust
busting never trusting public, have ad-
Judged you capable in mind. body and
spirit and In purse 10 take upon yourseir
vows 60 noble. 80 sanctfied. so command
ing OF obedience, that probably not moro
than S31-S per cent OF us respect them I'M
nIicitlv after we swallow tho matrimonial
bait"
I wonder II those enthusiasts above re-
member what occurred when King George
III told the good Yankees that they must pay
unto him tax II they partook of tea. and
that # they didn't partake OF tea he'd.
I'm a manner Of speaking, squirt 1t down
them with fre extinguisher2 Hoots, mon!
II n man shall wish to remain In state
OF single existence he'll do II, and he
won't pay for the privilege. And II he
shall desire to marry the girl OF his choice
provided she is wllling-can artificial I'm
itations enectualy prevent? For a minis
ter TO refuse to pronounce a ceremony
without he be sure OF his ground, may be
justified: but for a community 10 sit in
Judgment. Tnough Let him who is per-
feet cast the first stone! TOMAh.
Brooklyn, March %, 1912.
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
FOR WASHINGTON MEMORIAL
Senate Committee Favors S2,OOO,OOO
Hall for National Capital.
IFrom The Tribune Bureau.

From The Tribune Bureau.
Washington, March 3l.-The first step
I'm the direction of providing a second
monument to Washington in the national
capital was taken yesterday by the Sen
ate Committee on Public Buildings and
Grounds, which decided to report favor
ably Senator Roots resolution author
izing the use Of the Mall as the site for
a memorial hall to cost approximately
s2,OO0,0O0 The hall is to be a monu-
mental structure. to be used as a meeting
place for patriotic and scientific societies.
and will be known as the George Wash
ington Memorial Hall.
Mrs. H. l.. Dimmock. who is at the
head of the movement to raise funds for
the erection of tie building. announced
to the committee that 100000 had al
ready been obtained and several subscrip-
tions were assured as soon as Congress
had provided the site. J. p. Morgan, she
said, had promised to subscribe 100000
as soon as this had been done. In addi-
ton to the S2.000,00O required for the
building, an endowment fund of 100000
for the maintenance Of the hall will be
required as q condition to the gift OF the
site
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
strong and higher figures are looked Tor

strong. and higher figures are looked 1or'
owing to the short supplies on mer-
chants shelves. heavier orders from coh-
sumers and the growing Willingness OH
the part OF mill owners to increase wages
of employees. Trade authorities so far
have reached no definite conclusion as to
the effect on the market Of possible re-
vision OF the tariff cotton schedule along
the lines Of the Presidents message ana
the findings of the Tariff Board. Specu-
lation In cotton for future delivery Is not
active, but prices are strong; likewise
prices for spot cotton. Foreign and do
mestic consumption Of the last season
crop has been enormous. and 1t Is estl-
mated that total exports before the new
crop is ready for delivery will approxi-
mate 10000 900 bales. Traders of the
first magnitude as rule are bullish, as
result of the, increasing demand for the
staple and the idea that last years rec
ord breaking yield will not be duplicated
in the present season.
Most commodity markets are stronger,
notably the cereals, cotton, dairy prod
ucts and the metals. Copper for the first
time I'm number OF years has crossed
the 15-cent mark. the advance having
been based upon the larger domestic and
foreign demand and the relatively light
stocks on hand. Specifications on fin
ished steel materials are much heavier
than those recently reported, and quota
tions both for steel and iron are firmer.
The local money market shows better
undertone and higher rates are looked
for as a consequence OF the spring de-
mand for funds IN the agricultural sec
tion Of the country, improvement in the
inquiry from mercantile quarters and
heavier borrowing by Stock Exchange
houses. Sterling exchange has been IA
vorably affected by the prevailing belief
that the British coal strike is near
final and satisfactory settlement, by
large exports Of merchandise from here
and hy an absence Of further active lend
ing Of American funds abroad. STOCK
market prices have enjoyed substantial
appreciation in recent weeks under the
influence Of speculative and investment
purchases. Idle funds are moving into
high grade issues. Capital is confident
regarding the future. Suspension NJ
work at the anthracite coal mines is not
worrying the financial community A
settlement will be reached between the
miners and operators in due time, and IN
the mean while the producing companies
and dealers apparently have enough coal
on hand to meet all requirements Of con-
sumers. whose demands are decreasing
with the coming Of spring weather.
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
BILINGUALISM
A Dream of Gallophiles, Says Promoter
Of the American Language.

| To the Editor OF The Tribune.
| Sir: Among us, It would appear. flourish
I'm a small way Gallophiles who. all pris
over a belle page of Racine or Chateau
| BRAND. imagine that what agttates them
selves will to the same degree agitate all
and sundry. including the talented siiileur
who at 6 In the morning left the lacteal,
an de pohter who at sebben done sweepa
de noh. These brethren OF the French per-
sllasIon apparently forget or conveniently
ignore the fact that the great dramatists
and styllsts Of France have always to the
general from Calais TO the Pyrenees, proved
caviare, even as In other climes have al
ways been Marlowe and Shakespeare cavi-
are to the general.
The above has reference to hardy state
ment by the writer of a letter to The Trib-
une in a recent issue. the statement carry
ing the inference of duty, privilege and
pleasure that this country could 'in TWEEN
ty-five years" be made French speaking
one (even as 1t is to-day an American
speaking one), and that In view OF the fact
(alleged) that the ancient Roman spoke
fluent Greek' and that the medieval
Irlshman spoke Latin and Greek. as well
as Gaelic" the United States ought to and
could easily bo made bilingual trlingual.
ouadrillngual abode OF blessedness and ver-
table all-around cnoh for textbook pub
fishers.
Ii will be noted that Roman" and
"Irishman" were used In the singular. But
IL the meaning was that all or a considera-
Bile part of those ancients and medlevals
spoke two or more languages, why Is It
that the average present day Roman or
Corkonian can each speak only one Ian
euage. and that one not particularly WELL
either?
IL IL the agreement OF authorities on the
subject that, constituting correctly" In a
liberal way, there never was time. any
where, I'm any country, where or when the
majority OF the people spoke a single Ian
guage well.
* IL not commonly observed that here
and now actually in New York City mot in
Rome or Ireland centuries ago and al
legedIy) the one million children of Rus
sian. Hungarian, Bohemian. German and
Italian parents use imperfectly and pro-
testingly any language except the Ameri-
can language they study at school and use
I'm their games? Why is more bad than
good German heard on Second avenue,
more wretched than good French on Sixth.
more bad than good Italian and American
everywhere?
Many graduates of our high schools and
business colleges are unable TO compose
properly short letter or bill In plain
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
THE NEWS THIS MORNING.

CITY.-Howard S. Cans attacked Dis
trict Attorney Whitman for his conduct
OF the Brandt case and the latter re-
piled. - Health Commissioner Led
erie denounced the bill which aims Il
abolish the milk standard of the city.
- New York City's streets are de-
nounced as the worst in the world IN
the report of the committee on paving
appointed by Mayor Gaynor. -
Mayor Gaynor, in an article appearlns
in THE Bench and Bar" said the courts
stood in the way Of progress. -
Palm Sunday. with March going out
like a lamb" filed the churches anc
afterward the parks. - boy OF
fourteen killed his niece, child OF
three. with a shotgun which he did not
know was loaded. - Suffragette
members of the circus organized IN
Madison Square Garden. - Gas
killed two artists. q man and woman
in different parts Of the city.
Prominent lawyers, at the invitation OF
q medical journal. assailed experts VII!
testify in the courts and recommended
selection Of competent men by board
of physicians.
DOMESTIC.--Suspen in the btu
minous and anthracite mines, due to
wage troubles, went into effect, and fout
nu0UItQ lHOuSdllu lllAlIti NNlN ANFOAN ~
idle; it was stated at indianapolis that
the suspension in the soft coal field:
probably would be terminated in 4
month; il was expected that an agree
lnent between hard coal operators and
miners would be reached at confer
ence in Philadelphia on April ~. -
The state rate cases which are OF i'm
pcrtance to the whole country will be
considered by the United States Supreme
laarnaH OF Wash
ington. - Special dispatches from
Washington record the significance OF
Alaska's unanimous support of Mr.. Taft
and show how the President is steadily
gaining delegates East and West -
A state convention was called to meei
in Birmingham, Ala, to select delegates
to the national convention favoring the
nomination of Roosevelt. = Senator
Robert L. Taylor, of Tennessee, died in
Washington. - 1t was reported in
Boston that 12S persons perished by
shipwreck and that 81 vessels met disas-
ter off the New England, Canadian and
Newfoundland coasts during the winter
season OF 19l1-12.
FOREIGN.-Captain Robert F. SCOTS
antarctic exploration vessel, the Terra
Nova, arrived in a New Zealand port,
bringing word from Scott that he was
within $50 miles Cf the South Pole an !
was still advancing. - Persistent at
tempts having been made by the Hun
garian Parliament to curtail the control
of the national army exercised by the
Emperor Francis Joseph, the latte:
threatened TO resign as King Of Hun
gary unless certain proposals made by
the Parliament were abandoned. -
General Leonidas Plaza was elected
President of the Republic Of Ecuador.
- Secretary Knox left st. Thomas,
D. w l.. and arrived in Porto Rico
80 The Standard Oil Company's main
storage plant at Manila was destroyed
by fire. the loss being estimated at ST.
100000.
THE WEATHER.-Indica for to-
day: Fair. The temperature yesterday:
Highest, 81 degrees lowest, 50.
New-York tribune., 1912-04-01
MAKING CRIMINALS MOVE on"

The action Of the Massachusetts Ex-
ecutive Council the other day, in par
doning a criminal on condition Of his
exiling himself, was by no means un-
precedented. 1t was, however, con
spicuous example Of practice the
propriety Of which is not free from
challenge on moral grounds, while its
practical expediency is by no means
assured. 1t is not often that state
executive. court of pardons or other
high authority takes such action. More
often it is the police Of some city or
town who arrest a criminal and then
waive prosecution Of him on condition
that he will leave town at once and not
return The practice has not always
been unknown in New York itself. The
principle is precisely the same, how
ever whether the thing be done by n
consta BILE or by the Governor Of G state
1t Is simply telling the criminal 70
move on and infict himself upon some
other place. We must seriously question
the morals Of the practice. The courts
have held that one community has no
right to discharge its sewage upon the
land or into the streams of another
What better right has one IN discharge
its criminals or wastrels upon another?
the penalty Of exile, which is unknown
TO our jurisprudence? Imprisonment is
provided and fines are; and, at least In
Delaware, the nine-tailed cat Is some
times applied. But what statute pre-
scribes exilef And what moral code
sanctions the imposition Of a criminal
upon place TO which he does not belong
and where he cannot therefore be dealt
with according TO his deserts?
The case, Is worst OF all, perhaps,
when 1t involves the sending Of Grim
inal 10 a foreign country, as does the
present, for that is violation Of in
ternational comfy II not of law. Let Us
suppose that European government
should release murderers and other
criminals from its jails on condition
that they would come TO America, The
exiled criminals would never get past
Ellis Island, Of course, IL they were do
tected: and there would be prompt, Wig
Orous and quite justitabe protests, dip
lomatic and otherwise, against thus
making the United States the dumping
ground for the criminaity Of the Old
World. But is not sauce for Europe also
sauce for America? If we object. as we
do and should rightly, against the COM
ing hither Of criminals from foreign
lands, we surely have no right to send
our criminals to foreign lands The
move on rule is not an equitable one
to apply TO convicted criminals. Each
land should bear its own burdens.