Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-08-03
-T7 - ~ 81 "a y S. \. z.
.filiy vhlt lsfy lsmasas q cas1Dtia
patriots" aist
The Advance In Rents and Wa0eo.
M rVaiiNco.s EArmer.1

L w VI.
Someone has sent III = COPY q sns
Galloway (scotland) Gazette. contain
Ing an article giving = history oe IL
advance In rents in that country ~
the last ono hundred and d3ty wears.
This may be OF interest to our read
ers.
tho eighteenth century. the tsnantry
OF southern Scotland were very poor
many OF them being three to ok yszfs
behind In the rent: and that sueoess-
I've cropping had 10 exhausted the land
that It literally refused TO grow any
thing but thSstlos and bard0ck--Ao sx-
ample Of worn out land. II was not
high rents that caused the trouble.
however. but the methods OF ronting.
From the seventeenth century. some
held their land on CONDITION that they
paid the public burdens, and in add
ton presented the landlord annually .
gray coat and hose. = fAir tethsr, 2
reek hen, or q pair Of kahn capoas. At
the door Of the feudal lord" In addt-
ton to this. they had TO work from
eight to thirty days for the landlord
in doing whatever there was to do.
In 1745, a farm Of ,270 acres rented
for the following: Fourteen pounds.
six sh;llingss silver rent: twelve bolls
two pecks here (barley); twelve bolls
two pecks oatmeal Ia boil II SIX bush
els); besides kahn capons and we'd
ders (wethers) This same farm rent
cd inf1s64 for $4,000 a year.
Another farm of 200 acres rented IN
1855 at eight pounds ten pende monthly
rent; thirteen bolIs barley; eleven
bolls oatn eal, and three kahn chick
ems. One OF 400 acres was rented for
nineteen years at nifty pounds money:
sixteen hollis barley; eight bolls oat-
meal, and the following baillie work
(forced work.: One day four couple OF
horses for narrowing. one day twelve
shearers, twenty loads OF peats: one
day of four horses for hay; one day OF
four horses to lead thauD corn; one
day OF four horses to lead timber.
Goals or sand the landlord to board
the workers.
One lease, dated l742. for thirty
eight years. provided for the payment
OF most Of the rent in money. little
In kind. and very little in labor. which
could be changed into q money pay
ment. There was an annual cess
and school fee," amount not stated, In
addition to the "stents OF king. drk
and staff" The interesting thing
about this lease Is that there were
three things the tenant was bound 70
do: ITO plough the out1eld three years
only in succession, and to lie lea un
grass) the other three; to keep Ills
march dykes Cine fences) in thor
cugh repair, to enclose his mailin with
stone wall ave quarters high. and to
plant a belt of timber around his YARD.
which would show posterity where
Netherton' stood when he and his
tenement had crumbled into dust.
Now let us look at wages. In 1913
the wage OF the strong labortng man
was ~ cents day. About this
time cattle were $50 a head. A COW
that would dress $50 pounds was sold
for about $12 Lambs were thirty
seven and one-half cents apiece. ana
beef could be bought on killing DAYS
at two cents a pound. Hens were four
cents each. eggs two cents q dozen.
butter four cents, cheese stx cent1 for
twenty ounces. Tho best oats were
twenty shillings per boil OF twelve
bushels. and oatmeal eighteen cents
per peck OF seven pounds.
Here we have an example OF cheap
rents, worn out land. low wages. low
prices for stock. cheap food. and hard
times generally. About this time came
a great plague Of cattle. . murrain
which practically wiped out all the live
stock industry not merely Of Scotland.
but of England and Germany az wen.
We may learn something Of the ad-
vance OF veterinary science when we
read OF the cures to which men re-
sorted: tar water, Jesnit's bark. veno-
tian molasses, the branches OF mr..
bleeding, rowelliny Chair or silk
passed through the flesh to form an
issue), purging. swimming the cattle
ACROSS stream, or burying them in
the earth with the heads above the
ground &re nina hn1lHI HaGf was