The Clio messenger. (Clio, Mich.) 1907-current, 1912-12-27
THIS THE SEASON
OF COLDS
VENTILATION.
Fresh Air a Necessity.
(From Fresh Air and How TO
Use It'd

Ventilation is the process of in
PRODUCING fresh air into and remov-
ing foul air from an enclosed space.
1t the fact is accepted that fresh air is
a necessity, the problem of ventila-
ton or of obtaining large quantities
of fresh air in dwellings and places
of labor is fundamental one, and
should not be neglected.
If an individual requires about three
thousand cubic feet of fresh air every
hour as many authorities maintain, a
large room twenty feet long by ff-
teen feet wide and ten feet high, hav-
ing a cubic capacity of just three
thousand cubic feet, contains only
sufficient pure air for one hours use
Therefore a large room even when
occupied by only one person cannot
have healthy atmosphere for more
than a comparatively short time un-
less there are some means by which
a current of air can be made to pass
through it,
The Danger of Overheating.
The air in dwelling is dangerous
to health when it becomes overhead
ed, abnormally dry, or loaded with
impurities. Heat is thrown off by
the human body in quantities large
enough to be easily estimated and
from one person is sufficient to raise
the temperature of room twelve
feet square about one degree Fahren-
heit in an hour This may seem an
unimportant matter, but in practice
has serious results, as the tempera-
ture of an apartment may be raised
four or five degrees in short time
by few individuals.
When the air is raw and too cold
out doors to permit the windows of a
dwelling to be opened with comfort,
but not so cold as to necessitate the
house being heated, number of per-
sons will often gather in one room in
order that the warmth of their bodies
may produce a comfortable tempera-
ture. The atmosphere of rooms heat
ed in this manner soon becomes foul
and unhealthy. Lamps and gas burn
ers also raise the temperature of a
room very rapidly, and one of these
will remove about the same amount
of oxygen from the air and produce
as much heat as three or four per-
sons. Heated air and gases from the
lungs and bodies, being warmer than
the surrounding atmosphere, rise and
are held in suspension below the cell
ing in a closed room This layer OF
foul air is more or less deep and
gradually fills the entire room. Such
a condition of the atmosphere is very
unhealthy and persons remaining in
the room soon become drowsy, yawn,
and complain of headache.
Simple Methods of Ventilation.
Where there is no mechanical ap-
paratus to force the air through a
building the best way to keep the at
mosphere fresh is through open win
dows with a cross draft There
should be some means of producing
cross ventilation in all rooms, and
this can be obtained by opening win
dows, doors, or transoms on oppo-
site sides of an apartment if the va
rious connected rooms or halls have
windows on two different sides of
building. Cross ventilation cannot be
obtained through windows on one
side. of room only or if the other
sides are closed Where there are
windows on two sides of room
good cross ventilation is obtained
through small openings made by low
ering the upper sash of opposite win
dows from one to six inches. Where
there are windows on only one side
Of a room an opening should be made
above the upper sash and below the
lowe one also. This arrangement
allows the escape of the warm foul
dlI tuIOuBH tHS OPChiuS dDoNC thN
upper sash as the pure cold air en-
tiers below.
The Arrangement of Inside Shades.
In order to use effectually an open
ing above the upper sash of win
dow for ventilation and lower the
inside shade to prevent the room be-
ing overlooked from the outside, the
shade should be attached to the roller
by four or five pieces of tape, each
FIVE inches long, or by heavy mos
quito netting of large mesh. This
leaves a space between the roller and
the shade through which fresh air
can enter, and if it is filled in with
netting of the same color as the
shade, such an arrangement is not
noticeable nor does it detract from
the artistic arrangement of the room.
When the shade is drawn down to
its full length in order to expose the
upper opening there should also be a