davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01
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1 artificial rock to make a wall solid fifty | feet high, ten inches thick and over | fifty miles long Such a wall would reach | from Washington to Baltimore and have ten miles to spare.
 Each of these locks has a twin. The whole consists of two mighty chambers, the side walls of which are about % feet
 wide at the bottom and grow narrower as they come to the top, where the width is eight feet They are about eighty feet high. There is another wall in the middle which is sixty feet wide, and within these
 walls are the two mighty chambers which are closed at each end by the gates
 No Salt Water in the Canal
 So much for the outlines of the struc- ture The foundations of the locks are as complicated as the catacombs. They have tunnels and galleries running this way and that, and in their floors are many great holes as big as flour barrel where the water comes into the chamber so fast that they can beefilled or emptled In the space of eight minutes. The water is admitted by mighty culverts CT conduits which run along the side. These are tun- nels through the conduit construction and they will carry rivers from Lake Gatun to lift and lower the vessels.
 You often hear 1t said that we are bring ing the waters of the Atlantic and the Pa
  speaking. There will be no salt water at the canal except at the ends. The locks will be filled with fresh water from Lake Catun and it will be the chagres which we shall harness and make pull up and draw down the steamers from ocean to ocean.
 But let me tell you more about these big tunnels into which the water first flows They are so huge that you could drive a caravan of elephants and giraffes through them, and the elephants might walk four abreast and not touch the sides. while monkey seated on the head af each elephant would not touch the ceil- ing They would easily hold a Pullman train. and a brakeman might stand on the top and not ruffle his hair.
 These great tunnels or culverts are con- nected by pipes which run down to the bed or floor of the lock chamber and are so arranged that when the water is let in it rushes up through the openings and fills the chamber, the water being let In by the gates.
 Raising the Ships from the Pacific There are only two locks here at Mir aflores The steamer comes straight in from the Pacific when the water in the Then the gate a the Pacific end is closed and in from the tunnel comes the water from the Gatun lake. having passed | from the Culebra cut and Miraflores lake It fills the lock, raising as it does so the | ship to the level of the water in the lock Iabove.
 The vessel then passes into that lock. | through the gate facing the Pacific, and | it is raised to the level of the Miraflores l lake and steams through it until it reaches | the lock of Pedro Miguel. Here in the l same way it is boosted 30 feet higher, to | the eighty-five foot level of the Culebra cut The ship now has clean, eeas steaming way of 3l miles, including the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

One of the live questions in connec- tion with the locks is whether the Chagres river can furnish enough wat CT to keep them full and still accom- modate all the traffic that will pass through the canal The engineers say 1t can. The Gatun lake is now flling and when the canal Is completed we will have 16f square miles of water held back by the dam, and this in ad- dition to the regular flow of the Chag- res. We shall also have something like two square miles of water In the Mira flores lake.
 Engineer Rousseau says that the water supply will amount to more than S0,000,000 tons per annum, and Col. Goethals says that there will be plen- ty to accommodate ffty-eight vessels a day. going through the canal and that this would be more than could pass through in the space of twenty four hours. It is doub tful whether such a traffic will ever arise. Even forty vessels day on the average for 300 days of the year would mean 12,- 900 vessels and this is about three times the number which is going through the Suez canal. The number
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

there amounts to something like 1000 and the tonnage is in the neighborhood 1 of 20.000.000 per annum which is just about half the gross tonnage passing through our canal at sault Ste. Marie.
 Uncle Sam's New Lake
 And just here l would like to say something about Uncle Sams new lake which is now rising out of the jungle. The Gatun dam will soon be finished and it win hold back the Chagres. forming one of the most beautiful sheets of water on earth The steam CTS will enter it from the verdure-clad mountains at Culebra cut, or from the massive locks at Gatun and will move for twenty odd miles through the scen- cry as beautiful as the inland sea of Japan. or of the Thousand islands of tine St. Lawrence. The canal channel runs in and out among islands, covered with tropical plants and trees which will be the home Of monkeys, birds. deer and other wild game for the idea Is to drive man from the canal zone and make it one great game preserve. These islands are well fitted for that as far as aquatic creatures are concerned. Wild ducks are already beginning to come, and we shall have parrots and paroquets and possibly the gorgeously plumed macaw of the Amazon.
 Uncle Sam Playing Noah
 One of the interesting features of making this lake Is Uncle Sam's at tempt to play Noah. He has warned the inhabitants of the basin to como out, and has asked them to get on hts ark, by which he means the highlands outside. The natives. however, refuse to believe in the deluge. They say that the French threatened them with the same fate, and that nothing came. Some of them have stayed in their homes until the steam shovels have lifted their front door steps, and others until the water has covered their floors. Now they all have boats tied to their houses and there will be no loss of life as the flood comes
 The government has already torn down and carried away all the heavy canal structures out of the lake bed. 4 number of the towns have disappear ed, and masses of ruins lie along what was once the main railroad track. Old Bohio has been swallowed, and the same is true of other towns In tear ing down the houses one was found which was built of solid mahogany. The lumber of tfiis has been saved and into furniture.
 FRANK c. CARPENTER. si
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01
Don'ts for City Children
From Leslie's Weekly.

From Leslie 5 Weekly
 Don't hang on behind the car.
 Don't stand on the car steps.
 Don't touch a wire; it may be live one.
 Don't put your head or arms out Of the ear windows.
 Don't run across ear track in front of an approafhing car automobile or wagon.
 Don't cross immediately behind a passing car there may he another ear or wagon approaching closely in the opposite direction.
 Don't jump on or of a moving car
 Don't get of facing rear of car.
 Don't cross a street without looking both ways for passing automobiles and wagons.
 Don't fail when leaving a car to look both ways for other vehicles. tracks are. Don't cross . street except et . crossing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01
 # My Stenographer in the


 The vessels are not allowed to move from one lock to another by steam They are lowed by electric locomotives, and there are a number of protective devices to see that they do not injure the locks or themselves on their way through.
 There are four towing locomotives. which run upon tracks upon each side of the lock. Two of them are fastened to the front of the vessel, moving 1t onward and the other two are on tracks at the rear holding it back so that it can 20 only so fast The rate fixed Is to be two miles an hour and the loco motives will prevent it being more or less than this.
 These locomotives will run on level excepting where they pass from one lock to another, where they will climb up or down heavy grades. Between the lower and intermediate locks at Gatun, for example, the difference in elevation is over twenty nine feet.
 There are to be two systems of tracks, one for towing and the other. for return of the locomotives when not towing The towing tracks will have a center rack. and the locomotives will always operate on this rack On the return track there will also be rack on the incline between the locks, but elsewhere the cars will run by friction.
 The motive power for running these locomotives will be electricity, general ed by the spillway of the Gatun dam. This, it is believed, will furnish enough electricity not only for all the machin- cry of the canal, but possibly enough to run the trains of the Panama rail- road.
 Chains to Hold the Ships Back
 Tn addition to the locomotives, the locks have other means of keeping the steamers from striking the gates or going too fast. Among these are chains which run across the lock cham bers from one side to the other.
 These chains are so powerful that they could stop n-thousa ton ves- sel going at the rate of four miles an hour within a distance of sixty feet, without injuring either the ship or the chain. The chains run across from lock wall to lock wall. and from the Approaches passing down intos holes in the walls in such a way that they play out gradually when struck by the yes sels. retarding them and bringing them to stop. The chains are also so ar ranged that they can be lowered and dropped down into a groove in the bot tom of the lock floor, so that the vessel steams out over their tops.
 These chains are enormous. Each link will be oval in shape It's longest diameter will be as big as the largest dinner plate. and the steel of the link will be about as thick as your wrist. In addition the gates will be double, the upper gate acting as a protection to the lower, so that both would have have to break before any damage could come to the lock.
 In addition to all this there are to be emergency dams at the upper end of each set of locks which will work something like a drawbridge and thus protect the locks.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

hundreds .of cottonseed mill men. and then she draws her own deductions from the mass
 With pretty fair knowledge of what the crop is going to be she has one ba = sis of calculation. Next she has to con : slider what sort of a demand there Is going to be for cottonseed products. To get at this she must look to Chicago, to the cotton belt, to Gin cinnati, Jersey City, Boston and scores of other cities, and then she must look across the water. to Germany, Holland. Denmark, Belgium. France and Italy. The great American hog has good deal to say as to the price at which cottonseed oil llis going to sell.
 Miss Bailou takes deep interest In the price of hogs and also the various commodities upon which hos feeds
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

Copyright. 1912, by Frank c. Carpenter.) Mirahores, Canal Zone, Panama. T AM writing these notes this bright Sun
 day morning in the great locks at Mi J raflores. I am within eight miles of deep water in the Pacific ocean and at the two first steps up which the steamers will climb their way across to the Atlantic Beyond this is Miraflores lake and at it's epd the lock of Pedro Miguel which, with it's boost of thirty feet, shoves the vessels to the level of the Culeora cut, where the canal will be eighty-five feet above the surface of the sea below.
 It is quiet here for Uncle Sam Keeps the Sabbath. The men have stopped work, the mighty cranes are at rest and the long lines of cars loaded with spoil stand on the tracks. That steam shovel down there at the right is black and dirty anl il gives no indication of the work 1t has done the past week.
 How hot the sun is and how dazzling! The concrete which walls the lock is made of white sand, and where it catches the rays it is blinding. How high the walls are. l am in a mighty chamber in which you could drop two city blocks Of six-story houses and there would be no room to spare
 walk over to one side and look up with my chin touching the concrete wali The whole earth is shut off and the wall reaches the sky. IL looks like a smooth white sandstone. put together in blocks bigger than those of the pyramids but far smoother and more closely laid. It is a solid wall and was nodded as such the appearance of blocks coming from the joints in the mods. Midway in the wall Is an iron ladder about two feet in width. I laboriously climb to the top and il seems as though the ladder would never end
 The Locks of the Canal
 These locks are about the most interest," ing features of Uncle Sam's mighty Pan anna works. The ditch itself is wonderful, but its construction has been merely a matter of blasting out earth and rock and carrying them in holows down to the sea. The locks are remarkable creations in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

can withstand a good deal later on, just as d sturdy. healthy. wel-fashioned child can withstand mole than one that is sicklyf or puny or that has had bad start in life Through the summer she keeps q close watch on the weather to- note any deterioration through excessive heat, army worms, boll weeyil, drought, SC aiding or other blights to the cotton crop. Then in the. fall she watches for fro5ts An early frost reduces the cot- ton crop by hundreds of thousands or Il million or more bales, while an unusually open fall will add hundreds of thousands O. bales to the amount generally expected She does not depend on the government reports alone. or the reports from the cotton exchanges. of place much reli- ance upon the professional prognostica- tors, but her own private reports from
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01

A hog likes corn. aiftlfa. hay and a variety of other feed stuffs. If the reg ular feed stuffs are high in price the great hog farmers of Ohio. Indiana, Ill., inois and the trans Mississippi country will buy tens of thousands of tons of the cattle men.
 < It Is necessary. therefore,<for Miss Bailou to keep as close tabssRn the cat He market as upon the eSls.s market or 'fht grain nlarket F f,@@ 6hc} has a pretty fair line on. f51ss cS tic hnd the hog market sPs he4 ta ls.rn what ars M as to the fertll11fhg of the fields. There are vast stretches of the cotton belt where the soil has become impoverished through its constant use for from 20 to 100 or more years. The land has to
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-09-01
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that here man tries to initiate nature and he has built these gigantic rock masses holding sand. cement and rock into the stone.
 There are six great locks on the canal. Ii does not sound big as l write 1t. but these locks contain cement by the million Of barrels They have shiploads of sand which have been brought from the Atlan- tic and Pacific and mountains of rock have been blasted out and crushed to form their concrete. The materials are now so united that they are one solid stone. Let me give you some idea of the extent of the concrete alone They contain over four million yards, cubic, or enough of this
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
Notice to Creditors

Estate of Charles Rutledge, deceased.
 Notice is hereby given by the undersigned Administrator of the estate of Charles Ruthledge, de- ceased. to the creditors of and all persons having claims against the said deceased, to exhibit them, with the necessary vouchers, with in four months after the the first publication of this notice to the said Administrator at The Citizens Bank in Flagstaff, Arizona, the same being the place for the tram saction of the business of said estate, in said county of Coconino. DORSEY E. SCHNEBLy, adminis- trator of Charles Rutledge, deceased.
 Dated Flagstaff, Arizona, this 24th day of June A. D. 1912
 June 28 At
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

During the summer months mothers of young childred should watch for any unnatural looseness of the bowels. When given prompt attention at this time serious trouble may be avoided. Chamber lain's Collie Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy can always be depended upon. For sale by all dealers.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
SCHOOL OF Inf MAINLY

This school Is conducted iu connection with the Catholic Church of Flagstaff by the Sisters of Loretto, under the supervision of the Pastor Of the Parish, Sister Lula Superior in charge. The curriculum Of studies comprises all the branches that pertain to a complete Grammar Course Music. both vocal and instrumental, Is taught by the Sisters
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
cn,lRcn OF Int MAINLY

Rev. Cyprien Vabre Pastor, From the first Sunday of May till the first Sunday Of October, Masses on Sunday are celebrated at 30 and 10 o'clock a. m Rosary and Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament at 730 p m.
 During the other months Masses are at $ and l030 d. ID. and the afterooon services are at 1.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

Sabbath School e:45 a. m. Morning Worship ll;00 a. m. Christian Endeavor 7:l5 p. ID. Evening Worship s:0O p. m. Mid-week prayer meeting, Wednesday evening at 500 o'clock.
 Fl A. CLARK, Pastor. DIR. R. H. H. BLOME, s. S Supt
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
CHURCH DIRECTORY
Mt1noplsr EPISCOPAL cnuRcH

Services every Sunday, as follows Sunday School, 10 a. n Public Worship, 1 a m Junior League. D. m EpworIh League T.l5 D. m. Evening Worship s.00 o'clock. You are cordially invited 10 worship with us Strangers aIways welcome
 c NJ ROSS, Pastor. s s. Supt. MT. PATTERSON.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

Attorney General Bullard has demanded that the corporation commission demand a union depot for Phoenix. A few little jobs of this kind including freight and express rates should keep the new commissioners from allowing all their precipitation to drip in one place.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
ADVENTIST CHURCH

Sabbath School Service at 2 D m. Bible Study at B. Prayer meeting Thursday evening 7:30. Bible study Sunday evening at o'clock All are welcome to attend these services.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
cENEcA rRIBE Nd. g oF REDMEN

Meets every Saturday night at the City Hall Chiefs warriors, hunters and braves, astray from their own council fires, are cordially in- vited to ours. MARION AUBINEAU,
 Chief of Records
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

WNsb haN SNS1Ao Se&A va sA~ ~ahh ' and not less than one-eighth, be- gining with the third year of the entry, and until final proof, except that in the case of entries under section six of the enlarged home- stead laws double the area of culti- vation herein provided shall be required, but the Secretary of the Interior may, upon satisfactory showing, under rules and regula- tions prescribed by him, reduce the required area of cultivation.
 Provided, that the above pro- vision as to cultivation shall not apply to entries under the act of April 18th, 1904, commonly known as the Kinkaid Act, or entries under the act of June I7th, 1902, commonly known as the Reclama- tion Act, and that the provisions of this section relative to the homestead period shall apply to all unprotected entries as we'll as entries hereafter made upon which residence is required.
 Provided, that the Secretary of the Interior shall within 50 days after the passage of this act, send copy of the same to each home- stead entryman of record who may be affected thereby, by ordinary mail, to his last known address, and any such entryman may, by giving notice within I2o days after the passage of this act, by regist- cred letter to the register and re- ceiver of the local land office, elect to make proof upon his entry under the law under which the same was made without regard to the provisions of this act.
 Section 22o7. If at any time after the filling of the affidavit, as required in section 22oo and be- fore the expiration of the three years mentioned in section I2oI, it is proved, after due notice to the settler, to the satisfaction of the register of the land office that the person having filed such affi davit has failed to establish re- sidence within six months after the date of entry, or abandoned the land for more than six months at any time, then and in that event the land so entered shall revert to the government.
 Provided, that the three years period of residence fixed shall date from the time of establishing actual residence upon the land and
 Provided further, that where there may be climatic reasons, sickness or other unavoidable cause, the Commissioner of the General Land Office may, in his discretion, allow the settler I2 months from the date of filing in which to commence his residence on said land, under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe. "
 Approved by the President June 5, 1912.
 WILL. l..
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

Ray, Arizona, was visited with fire last week which swept over a greater portion of the town causing damage to the amount of 5000, 900. Preparations are being made to rebuild at once.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05
THE THREE YEAR
 HOMESTEAD LAW

The Borah- Taylor Three-Year Homestead bill has at last been passed by the United States Con- gress, and on June 5 President Taft affixed his signature. This ends fight of several years in a victory for the homesteader and the agriculturists who have been striving to obtain a fair land law that will enable the greater settle ment of the great west and, in a measure, restrict the immigration to other countries where home stead laws appealed more to the settler.
 For three years past the Inter- national Dry-F Farming Congress has carried on an active campaign to obtain more lenient and broader homestead laws in the United States, and Hon. Frank w. Mon- dell, when president of this organi- zation, worked assiduously to se- cure the passage of three year amendment to the homestead laws. Through MT. Mondell's contin- uous efforts and the. circularizing of members of the United States Congress by the International Dry Farming Congress coupled with the earnest support of Senator Borah, Congressman Taylor and other progressive agricultural members of the Federal Congress, the victory has been won, and it is certainly notable one.
 Because of the great interest in this bill among the dry-farmers, it is here published in full, as ap- proved by the president:
 SENATE BILL 3367
 It being enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that section 22oI and section 22o7 of the re- vised statutes of the United States be amended to read as follows:
 Sec. 22oI. No certificate, how ever, shall be given or patent is- sued therefor until the expiration of three years from the date of such entry; and if at the expiration of such time, or at any time within two years thereafter, the person making such entry, or if he be dead his widow, or in case ot her death his heirs or devisee, or in case of widow making such entry her heirs or devisee, in case of her death, proves by himself and by two credible witnesses that he, she, or they have habitable house upon the land and have actually resided upon and cultivated the same for the term of three years succeeding the time of filing the affidavit, and makes affidavit that no part of such land has been alienated, except as provided in section 228, and that he, she, or they will bear true allegiance to the Government of the United States, then in such case he, she, or they, if at that time citizens of the United States, shall be entitled to a patent, as in other cases pro- vided by law.
 Provided, that upon filing in the local land office notice of the of such absence, the entryman shall be entitled to a continuous leave of absence from the land for a period not exceed ing five months in each year after establishing residence, and upon the termination of such absence the entryman shall file a notice. of such termination in the local land office, but in case of communication the IA months actual residence as now required by law must be shown, and the person committing
 .I f
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

Y. Hirose, Jap, was refused marriage license at Phoenix last week, to marry German woman. They may appeal their case to Mexico where revolutions are easier started.
The Coconino sun., 1912-07-05

The Phoenix street car system is being dissected by the corpora ton commission. There is a pos sibility of the street car company being compelled to put round wheels on their cars and run cars frequently.