davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11
THE Bus T THAT
WINNIE REAM MADE OF
THADDEUS STEVENS

gress had originally appropriated S1O.-
go and to this it afterward added 5000
as a special mark of its approval Of the
work of this. the only woman who has
ever received such a commission from
Congress.
When the Winnie Ream Statue of
Lincoln was unveiled in the Capitol in
1871 Senator Carpenter of Wisconsin
summed up the satisfaction of the Amer
lean Congress in h S description of the
work that she had produced. He said:
Those who have visited the studio of
this artist and seen various classic works
that she has produced have no doubt that
she would have been capable of embody-
ing in a statue Of Lincoln creditable
conception of Jupiter hurting thunder
bolts or of Cicero in a Roman toga amidst
classic surroundings. Thus she might
have produced d fable in marble. behold
ing which no man could say where Lin
coin stopped and Jupiter commenced
nor distinguish that which represented
the fact from that which represented
the fancy of the artist Thus she might
have cheated her employers and have
libeled the great departed, and her statue
might have been placed in the Capitol
amids- the hOsannah of the artist. while
an Illinois neighbor could not detect the
Temotest resemblance to the plain old
man with whose mornings and outgoings
he had been familiar for years.
Our artist was aware that no flattery
was expected at her hands. When the
people employed her to execute this work
they were in no mood for assembling
What they wished was an exact likeness
of Abraham Lincoln, the half-farmer,
half-lawyer and altogether child of ma
ture, with face sadder than was ever
worn by man before. The artist has made
an exact copy of the rough casket in
which God lodged one of the brigh est
jewels since the beginning of time She
most heartily deserves the thanks of the
Congress of these United States
So was the most delicate task that
Congress has ever assigned to an artist
accomplished. So was young girl
started on a career of art that is almost
without a parallel in America, for that
career has been bound up indeed in the
public life of the nation.
When Winnie Ream asked to model a
bust of Lincoln from the life the Presi-
dent fatty refused. He said that he had
been submitting to too many pictures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

well as of their companies. Elaborate
railway maps, showing all the strategic
points. were prepared and filed at the
war Office, and they have been kept re-
ligiously UP to date. It was these maps
that enabled the authorities to per .ect
their plans so rapidly in connection with
the strike.
It is a significant fact, not generally
known, that the British war office is in
possession of uncommonly complete and
accurate plans of all the continental rail-
way systems, and particularly of those in
Germany and the lines in France. Bel
GUM and Holland. which lead to German
territory OF course, European railway
maps of a kind can be bought with
out much trouble, but these government
war maps have been specially prepared
and carefully annotated by engineer OFF,
GERS and practical railway men. who have
been in the way of spending most Of their
vacations recently on the continent.
Copies are in the hands Of most of the
big operating officials Of the British rail-
ways, who belong to the auxiliary en-
gineer force and have carefully studied
them. The British war plan in case of
an outbreak of hostilities between France
and Germany was to throw 12o.otm troops
into Belgium, seize the Belgian railways
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

mental corps. It's members do not wear
a pretty uniform, and smart young men
in the guards and other crack regiments
are inclined to look down on them.
But they get a good deal more pay than
any other soldiers in King Georges
army. and their officers are educated in
a special school at Woolwich-and thor
oughly educated. too. The Royal Engi-
neers has no room for society" officers.
1t wants workers, and most of the men
who hold commissions in that corps are
skilled architects, bridge builders and
railway constructors. in addition to know
ing all about the erection of fortifica-
tons.
The rank and file are equally hard
working and unromantic. Their full
dress" uniform is serviceable dark blue.
but they are most familiar in khaki
trousers and with their coats off, work
ing as laborers. bricklayers, carpenters.
electricians. etc. Every man is expected
to know at least one trade when he en-
lists and once a "sapper,'' as the pri-
Yates of the engineers are called. he is
gwen every encourag erlent and oppof-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

Eastern and Chatham line. the great ar
terry that leads from Dover-the. likefiest
landing place for an enemy-dlrect 10
London. the heart Of the empire a ane
inch of this line. They could take charge
of it at a few hours notice, and could
manage every detail of 1t from signaling
to running the locomotives. The same is
true of every railway in the country of
strategic Importance. Thanks to recent
lessons, the army has been paying lot
more attention of late to the vital Dusi-
ness Of working railroads, and less TO
the obsolete maneuVers that were re-
olired in the days when warfare among
up-to-date nations didn't consist OF the
paralysis of commerce and supPies. anu
the starvation of cities. and the killing OF
babies for lack Of milk.
y x
The Irish railway strike soon afterward
proved the truth of the officers words,
for army engineers actually ran trains.
soldier with his rifle beside him manip-
ulated the engine drivers levers, another
shoveled coal and others did duty as con-
ductors and trainmen, while army sig
nalmen attended to the dispatching.
The governments careful study of the
British railways with an eye to the mill
tary situation was proved by the prompt
ness with which it was able to act both
in England and Ireland. Hardly had the
threat of a general strike in England
been uttered when the troops began to
move to strategic points all over the
country. Something ike $1,000 soldiers
were concentrated in London and proper
tionately large forces in Liverpool, Man
chester. CreWe, Birmingham and all the
other big railway centers. An hour after
the strike had been declared soldiers
were on guard with loaded rifles and fixed
bayonets at all the stations, bridges
crossings, signal boxes, tunnels and other
points where damage could be done by
strikers or hoo.igans. Men from the
Royal Engineers were mobiliZed and held
in readiness to run enough trains to
maintain the food supply of the big Eng
lish cities.
And all this was done without nominal
ly taking the control of the railways out
of the hands of their usual superintend-
ents and managers. The reason for this
was that when the military power stepped
in every one of these men automatically
became an army officer, subject to the
orders of the war Office and liable to be
dealt with under military law. Under the
war plan for dealing with the railways
every manager becomes a lieutenant
colonel of. engineers. the superintendent
hold lower rank. and the operating Off
Gals also receive commissions The gen.
eral I'm command of the troops really be-
comes general manager of all the British
railways and the company managers must
obey his orders.
The plan was worked out quite recent
ly, soon after the beginning Of the Ger
man war scare. 1t was felt then that in
the case Of German landing on English
soil it would be necessary at once to
commander the railways for military
purposes, and the problem was to find
some way Of utilizing the experience and
skill of the permanent railway force
The way was found in granting COM
missions to the managers. and thus
making them servants OF the state as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

government and it's people, however in
sisted upon honoring that gallant naval
officer, and refused to treat him as a
prisoner of war. A great reception was
given in his honor at Portland. When
shook his hand I told him that all
America honOred him even in his defeat.
But my country Oh. my country! ex-
claimed the admiral as he hid his face
sorrow of neither of these great men of
lost causes was comparable with the sor-
row of Lincoln in the days of the success
of the war which he had fought.
AS l have said, President Lincoln re-
ceived no callers and transacted no busi-
ness while he was sitting for me. Upon
only two occasions do / remember that he
allowed this rule broken and admitted
people who wanted to see him. One of
these was woman whose son was in the
old Capitol prison and the woman want
ed pass that she might see him. The
President unbent most graciously and
gave this woman her pass to see her boy.
n young woman appeared on similar
mission. President Lincoln seemed to
anticipate her request, and asked her be-
fore she had stated it if 1t was not a
sweetheart whom she wanted to visit
She confessed that he was right"
* x
In all the world it would have been
hard to find two creatures that more con-
trasted the one with the other than did
Winnie Ream and Abraham Lincoln. Miss
Ream, in the fullness of her maturity,
could never boast an approach to five feet
in height During all the years of her
young womanhOod she tipped the scales at
around seventy-five pounds. She was as
strals mt and strong and healthy as boy,
and the cluster Of dark curls about her
face was always suggestive OF boyish-
ness. Dainty and small and piquant,
she must have contrasted strongly with
the hulking and ungainly figure of the
rail-splitting President. slouching in his
ill-fitting clothes or walking about the
Office in Great plowrnan boots
The sittings had been going on for
about five months when Lincoln was
killed. The little artist was at home on
that terrible night, and her parents had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

HERE was a car
toon going around
the continent a
while ago entitled
THE Evolution of
Warfare which
had an underlying
significance I h a t
may be demon
strated on c r
than peace-loving
folk suppose. The
cartoon showed as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

= those dark days
of siXty-fve when
the weight of re-
construction bore
down upon the
tragic figure of
Abraham Lincoln
and added it's
stupendOus burden
to a private grief
occasioned by the
loss, of his favor
lite child, there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11
THETNNIE REAM STATUE
In The ROTUNDA OF
The CAPITOL

Court Lincolns most intimate personal
friend, and he was my constant associate,
my adviser and critic in this sacred task.
had approached the work with reverence
and with trembling hands, and had taken
the proportions of the figure from the
blood-stained garments that President
Lincoln had worn on that last and fearful
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

been to the theater. They returned toward
midnight and told her of the tragic death
of her great friend. 1t was long time
before she recovered from the shoe {, but
it had only the effect of intens Tying
within her the image and the mournful
impressions that had been left by the
martyred President
1t was not long after this that Con-
gress decided that it should have for the
rotunda in the Capitol the figure of Lin
coin done in marble 1t asked the great
artists of the world to submit models for
this statue There were scores of COM
petitors, and among them this girl, now
eighteen years of age, submitted the clay
model that she had so stud ously made of
the great President in his very presence
She Of them all had caught the spirit of
who knew him best as being the thing
that would perpetuate him as he really
was. and hand down to posterity the act
ual Lincoln.
tee reported its finding. Little Winnie
Reem had secured the commission from
the United States government to make in
marble a statue of the most tragic figure
that that nation had ever produced. She
did not know that she had received the
award when, one day, Gen. Sherman
called at her studio and asked her to ac-
company him to the Capitol building
When they entered one Of the galleries of
the Senate chamber that dignified body
arose en- masse and waved a multitude of
handkerchiefs and applauded voc1ferously
Winnie Ream turned to Gen. Sherman and
congratulated him upon the demonstration
that was being given in his honor, but
the general told her that she 1t was who
was being llonored and that the occasion
of it was that she had been selected to
make the statue of Lincoln.
The artist herself describes the years
that followed in which she was accom-
plishing this great work. the joys Of the
labor. the atmosphere and the aSS0cld-
tons of the time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

came each day to his ONCE sup OF d
girl. The girl was Winnie Ream. She
was a tiny wisp of a creature, sixteen
years cd, then entirely unknown to
fame Her parents were poor and she
had but little training toward the ac-
complishment of the thing that stuck
in her heart. For Winnie Ream was to
be a sculptor. Later great successes
came her way and today as Winnie
Ream Hoxie she tells the impressions of
Lincoln she received as girl
During those last five months OF his
life the great President gave each day
half an hour to this young girl because
she was poor and because she was ambi-
tious. He sat for her that she might
make a model of him from which she
later intended to reproduce a statue in
marble that would give to the world IN
permanent form the likeness of this man
who, to her. was the embodiment OF al
that is great and good. So. with girfs
intuition Winnie Ream sat through THESE
last tragic months and looked upon the
form and face of Abraham Lincoln ana
that form and face grew upon her until
IL filled her very being. Then, the
great tragedy came and this frail girl.
shocked beyond measure by 1t, found
for herself sacred mission. for no otner
sculptor had the real Lincoln SO in mind
and no other living creature had Lincoln
so engraved upon his heart that he
might be carried down half century
to a generation then unborn. 1t is
doubtful if any person living TO-DAY mas
so vivid a personal recollection of Lin
coin as has Winnie Ream Hoxie.
THE one great lasting. all dominating
impression of Lincoln that has always
been with me- said Mrs. Winnie Ream
Hoxie in her Washington home the other
day. has been that of unfathomable
sorrow Lincoln was a man who had
borne the weight of sorrow from his
early life and the sorrows but multiplied
as the end approached. When he was
sitting for me there had just been added
TO his life the bitterest of all his be-
reavements, the loss of his favorite son,
Willie.
From the time l began to model Lin
coin he made the time that l spent with
him each day a period of rest. He al
ways said that there was a feeling OF re-
taxation that accompanied the sitting
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11
Z JIMMIE REAM HOXIE,

WINNIE REAM HOXIE,
v Creator of the Lincoln
Statue Which Stands in the
National Capitol, Gives Her
Impressions of the Nations
Martyred President = AS a
Girl She Modelled Lincoln,
and Her Girlish Intuitions
Saw Deep Into the Soul of
the War President-Vinnie
Ream Won From Congress
Commissions to Model Both
Lincoln and Farragut, and
the Great Men of the Nation
Have Heaped Upon Her Such
Honors as Rarely Come to
One of Her Sex.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11
DLANS of British War
i Office ForeshadoWed by

/ Ofhce ForeShadoWed oy
Recent Civil Conflict-Royal
Engineers Who Are Ready
to Run the Railroads at a
Moments Notice Present
Railway Managers Would
Become Lieutenant Colonies
-Unfashionable Corps of the
Army Suddenly Shown to Be
the Most Important Division
of the Fighting Force, When
1t Stood Between the Big
Cities and Starvation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

night Altogether worked six years on
the Lincoln statue. During the time 1
spent in the Capitol modelling this figure
] was thrown constantly with men prom
inent in public life. Almost all the SEN
ators and representatives were deeply
interested in the work and were constant
visitors at the studio. Friend and foe
gathered there with common interest
the success Of my work. In the bright
and rambling discussions of men and
things there were many tales of the war
its privations, it's hardshps and suf-
ferings-by the gallant soldiers who came
to see how the statue was progressing.
Some came on clutches and told how
father and son, brother and brother
had met upon the battlefield only to
die in each others arms. I heard sto-
shot to the heart at Shiloh, or persisted
in the wilderness; of men who went down
at Ant: etam, fell at Winchester, or
marched with Sherman to the sea. The
studio. with its circular walls and hlgn
arched ceilings. was lighted by a huge
fireplace of the olden times, the last
one left at the Capitol. 1t occupied
one entire side of the room, and was
kept blazing with great logs six feet or
more in length. 1t was supported on
ench side by marble statues and was
so fascinating that it was no wonder
that the old soldiers fingered there. IL
was their campfire. and as the glow
from the blazing hearth lighted up the
clay image the name Lincoln was ever
on their lips. There was never such a
studio in all the world and never did
an artist work in an atmosphere that
was greater stsmulant.
Under such conditions and amid such
historic surroundings grew the prototype
in clay that was afterward carved in mar
BILE from the quarres of Carrara. For
this purpose the model was conveyed
10 Rome and with background of two
national flags was placed in the studio
and artists of the time were invited to
pass opinion on it's merit. The artist
HeaIy, who had painted Lincoln, was
bosom friend of Miss Ream and assisted
her in the work. For this statue Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

THE RAILWAYS.
The British military authorities are
prepared to take over and run the rail-
ways Of the country mt moments
notice. The photograph shows soldiers
"iEnaiinE ON the occasion OF the recent
railway strike.
the war Office a chance to see how the
new order Of things in warfare would
work. In another respect, aside from the
loss OF millions to commerce, IT was de-
plorable, for ii gave away the British
plan of campaign in case of foreign inva-
sion. However, Germany. for example
probably knew all about those plans; so
that didn't matter so much
Said an officer travelling ON the South
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

"The room of the committee on mines
and minerals was rendered me as a stu
dio because it was next to one occupied
by Judge David Davis of the Supreme
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

SpeclaI tVrrcspcndence OF The Star
LONDON. February I. l912.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

when the relations between France and
Germany over Morocco We're most
At any moment England might
have been called on to back her ally,
France. and in that case she would have
needed every available engine and truck
to move troops. The members OF the gov
had bad scare and they be-
lieve, the writer was told, that IL the
were national property such a
danger could be avoided. The operating
force would then become what the man
ayers are now, members of an auxiliary
engineer force and liable to military serv-
ice at a moments notice.
LCn.,.....h. lnLl .,Ir,ls .;..:.I-rl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-02-11

tcepyr'gh', 1919 - curtis iaesr,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-05-06
TITANIC HERO FUND GROWS
Money Coming In Rapidly for
Monument in Washington.

Those AT the head Of tho movement for
the erection Of a national monument at
Washington commemorsting the bravery OF
the men on the Titanic who stood aside
for the women" were much clated yester-
day at the infux of contributions. While
tho majority came from points in the
greater city the national character OF the
plan has already begun 10 make itself ap-
parent aud was indicated by the arrival
OF subscriptions at the New York and
Washington headquarters from many diff
fercnt states In the East and Middle West
Although the enthusiasm evinced by the
ready answer 10 the call for contributions
has suggested to many the advisability OF
abandoning the original plan. which limits
individual subscriptions 10 81, leaders of
the movement have refused unqualinedly
70 agree 10 this They believe that the
collection OF a fund OF $4,000 representing
$4,000 people in all parts OF the country Is
the best possible method by which the truly
national character OF the tribute may be
expressed, and there will he 10 change In
the first plans.
Mrs. John Hays Hammond went to Phil-
adelphia Saturday to confer with Mrs
Talcott Williams regarding the situation
in Pennsylvania. and various delegations.
volunteer and otherwise, were at work In
other states preparing for what VIII doubt
less be the greatest campaign OF national
character ever carried on py women In this
country.
The following is the latest list of the
names OF members Of the committee OF
one hundred:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-05-06
WILL PLACE TITANIC BLAME
Senator Smith Says Responsible
ity Is Being Fixed.
From The Tribune Bureau

Washington. May 5-Aside from the TAX
ing OF several dispositions OF miner char
acter. the Investigation Of the Titanic
tragedy by the Senate subcommittee has
closed. Senator William Alden Smith,
chairman OF the subcommittee, ss:l to-day
that he would begin the preparation OF his
roport Tomorrow. lie expects TO have It
COMPLETED within two weeks.
Not only will we recommend remedial
LEGISLATION. but We also will attempt to Ak
the responsibility for the Titanic disaster,
although we will be unable to bring any
one 70 Justice" said Senator Smith we
will summarize the causes OF IN. catas-
trophe and point out such negligence as
should be guarded against in the future.
II think the responsibility Is beirg fixed"
the Senator added. Il have no lesire to
reflect on a public utility, and have been
careful not 10 deal IN idle rumors or scam
dale but rather to get at the facta. and
must say think We have this case in the
record
Senator Smith said that he did OF care
10 name individuals or concerns in con-
nection with the committees report before
the findings lad been submitted TO the Sen
ate. fo asserted. however, that there
would be no question about The ability OF
the subcommittee 10 iiX With reasonable
certainty the blame for the disaster.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-05-06
COAT OF TAR THREATENED
New Berlin Bank Cashier Ar
rested to Prevent It.

r-Hca y V. May 6.-Frank 7. Arnold.
the cashier of the failed First National
Bank of New Berlin. WAS taken TO the jail
In Norwich at o'clock this morning.
though arrested at his home last evening.
The delay was in order TO avoid a demon
stration.
It had been openly declared by respon-
sible men of the village that unless the
authorities arrested Arnold they would
tar and feather him. Last evening a
crowd numbering three hundred gathered
in front of Arnold's home awaiting the
arrest.
At midnight tho number had dwindled,
but at least one hundred men were in that
neighborhood at 2 o'clock. Comparatively
few. however. remained near the house
until o'clock. and United States Mar
shall Black. OF Binghamton, had no trouble
in getting his man away in an automobile.
Physicians have examined Arnold. who
experienced nervous breakdown follow
ing the discovery OF the discrepancies in
his accounts at the bank. and say that he
will be able 10 stand trial.