davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
MEMORIAL DAWN AMERICA
7 ORIGINATED IN THE SOUTH

and the Philippine insurrection, but
these recent pensions are Insignificant
in such an immense total.
And the lives given in the cause.
They would populate a large modern
city, and they amounted to far more
than was contained In the largest city
In the United States in 1855. II f.
light. that give some adequate Idea,
OF the cost OF the war. How It would,
stagger the entire world should q,
large city, such as Philadelphia was
In 1865, was suddenly TO be swept by
q disaster that annihilated all OF itsl
Inhabitants. ~
This is no fanciful statement. The
union losses in deaths alone amounted
during the four years to assess. The
confederate deaths, 80 far as reported,
are known to have been In tho same
period 49, 21. 1t is thus safe to de-
clare that SOC, 900 men gave their lives
In the struggle, to take no notice OF the
countless thousands who subsequently,
died or the effects Of wounds received,
In the war. .....
or these numbers, Pennsylvania'sI
share Is q noble one. 1t has been
declared, and nowhere disputed, that
the percentage Of Pennsylvania troops
killed In battle 70 higher than that OF
any other state.
Pennsylvania was wen represented.
in the union column. All told, thia
commonwealth furnished 9a7. 93d|
troops In 1888 organizations. There wera
28 regiments, three batRllions and "a
companies Of cavalry, 1--WE regiments
and two batallicns OF heavy artillery
artillery, M company OF engineers,
one company Of signal service and 258
regiments, five batallions and 20 COM
panies of infantry. 4
Pennsylvania losses were: Killed
in battle, 1926; died OF disease, 4,782;j
by accident, 636; and died from other
causes, 1881, a total Of 33,1S3. ]
For the sake Of comparison, It may
be noted that New York lost In DEATH
1855 troops; Ohio, 35,475; Illinois,
34,SS4, and Massachusetts,, 1892.
Pennsylvania contributed two Of the
1 commanders of the Army Of the
Potomac-General McClelland and
General Meade, the latter the hero OF
uted IA army and corps commanders
and IS general officers.
The shouts OF 10y at the surrender
of Lee had scarcely been lost on the
winds until the news OF the assassina-
ton OF Lincoln spread dismay through
out tho nation, south as well as north.
The funeral services over the martyred
preSluSht, ana the PROFESSIONS ana the
lyings-in-state In the cities through
which the funeral train was taken,
aroused in a new sense the Idea Of
tribute to the fallen In q certain
sense the death of Lincoln at that
time may have fastened the senti-
ment which finally took shape in
Decoration Gay. There Immediately
were projects for monuments to the
great emancipation, and the general
tendency was toward the debt owed
TO the fallen soldier and his best
friend.
There was no immediate connection,
Of course. Sentiment terminates and
takes root in an inscrutable manner.
There is no finding u such things.
A chance incident very often will
serve to establish q national custom.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
curiousities Of Bird Migration.

PROFESSOR Bonnote, In the SJrano.
Generally speaking, there Is an &C.
cepted idea that birds migrate to es-
cape the cold OF winter and return
again as soon as the weather permits
them to find their food in more north
ern ATTITUDES. This, however, though
holding good for some of our native
birds, such al the skylark and ployer,
which are not usually considered az
migrants, does not hold good for our
we'll known and regular migrants. The
cuckoo and swift, for instance. are well
known to leave us in July and August,
long before any sign of winter or scarc-
ity OF food has become apparent, and on
the return spring migration many spe-
cies, such as the turtle dove, swift and
spotted f1ycatcher, do not arrive till
we'll on in May, when food and weather
have been suitable for some time. On
the other hand, in backward springs
many of our earlier arrivals perish
from cold and starvation, nor could II
by any mean be argued that food, in
the more genial southern regions where
these birds winter, had become scarce.
The accumulated facts tend to show
that birds arrive and depart with ex-
treme regularity, independently Of food
and seasons-sudden storms and cold
only delay them for a day or two. This
is further well shown by what we may
term weather migrants-larks, ploVers,
and many others; for these birds come
south at any time during the winter
in the face Of spells OF cold, and return
again north irrespective of the time Of
year as soon as milder conditions recur.
Did the migration among most species
arise, therefore, from exigencies Of Gil
mate and food, we should expect in
mild sprinRs to find our summer birds
arriving weeks before their accustomed
time, while others would stop in mild
winters till we'll after Christmas. This.
however, is not the case. Regularly
every year to date. within q few days
we may expect the swallow, and as reg
ularly do the swifts, as o rs their
young are fiedged, leave for the tropics.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

Hamburger Nachrichten remarks:
The special message OF the president to
congress about ar international inquiry
into the causes of the high prices of all
necessities of life has called forth a great
deal or discussion In Germany, because
nowhere else has the calamity been dealt
with In such a heroic way by the author
ties. When a few years ago the rise of
prices Tor cereals became SO marked that
there was no likelihood Of their ever re-
turning 20 the old level, the salaries of the
officials were raised correspondence, and
grades of the civil service, though specjal
measures had to be taken to find the
money for this new increase Of expend!-
ture. II MI. Taft's committee OF INQUIRY
succeeded in finding means for checking
a further enhancement, or. better. in
bringing about a reduction, that would be
q great boon for the financial situation OF
many a federal state in Germany.
Indeed, the rapid rise of prices for all
foods since the beginning OF this century
but more especially during the last three
years, is taking ones breath away. Even
Ia the United States of America, where
no importation OF cereals is needed. wheat
Indian corn being even largely ex-
ported, the prices Were in 1908 about SO per
cent higher than the average of the last
10 years OF the 18th century: in 1910 the
enhancement had reached already 641k per
cent. 1t is true that this movement was
not quite so astounding In regard to other
necessities of life, sue as fish. But even
there we find a rise OF 20 per cent in 1908,
and us per cent in 1910. These figures are
certainly alarming"
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
First Steps Were Taken by S~outherners to Pay Annual Tribute II
the Soldiers Who Fell in the Civil War.

movement. There. too, was delivered
that address by President Lincoln
which. for it's concise summing up Of
an entire epic, which the times OF
strife were still providing with Incl
dents, remains unequaled In its quiet
majesty. It's simple language, In the
whole range OF English literature.
IN the modest address that contained
26S words, Lincoln summarized the sit
uation which the country still con-
fr0nted, and paid a tribue to the sol
diers that lay buried there that no ora.
ton on a similar occasion ever equaled
In tenderness and just praise. The ora
tioa was delivered by Edward Everett
and it was mastery and is forgotten.
put In almost every schoolhouse in the
land the words Of Lincoln are familiar
and they did not occupy ten minutes In
delivery.
How many times the story Of Lin
celn's Gettysburg address has been
told! How he wrote the address on a
stray piece Of PAPER, which he held on
his knee as he sat in the railway car
on the q from Washington to Get
tysburg that morning. How he con-
fessed to a friend, Just before he deliv-
cred the address, that tt vas q flat
failure" and the people won't like
it," b" y
But the people did like It. Those who
had the privilege Of hearing the utter
ance were filled with enthusiasm as the
great, unconventional figure of the
president stood. with his hat off, and
slowly read the words. They did like
1t, n those who did not hear II, but
read 1T carefully when 1t appeared in
print, gave II even greater celebrity,
And now II ranks among the worlds
greatest orations. And it could be writ
ten on a sheet OF note paper-it is Sc
short.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
UNCLE SAM TO WATCH
ELECTION IN PANAMA

Ks Washington. Special: The United
States will see that there Is a fair cleo
ton in Panama this summer. as It did
in 1908. Reports received here show
that there has been some rioting in a
part Of the republic in the neighbor-
hood OF David, involving the loss of
at least one life, and this disorder
threatens TO extend.
LAS both OF the political parties ap-
pear to be anxious to have the United
State extend good Offices under the
treaty to the extent of insuring the
people of Panama a fair chance to vote
according I their inclinations. the state
department probably will call upon the
authorities OF the canal zone to desig-
nate American officials TO look after
the registration Of Panama voters.
II necessary, 1t will watch over the
elections, though maintaining an atti-
tude OF strict neutrality between the
c~ontending parties. This was what was
done in 1908. with the approval Of all
ide
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
COST OF THE CIVIL WAR.

Everett wrote to Lincoln next day
to thank him for his great thought
fulneSS for the accumulation OF
Everetts daughter, and concluded his
letter with the words: II should be
glad IL / could flatter myself that ]
occasion in two hours as you did In
two minutes. My son, who parted
from me at Baltimore, and my daugh-
ter concur in this sentiment"
Lincoln, ever kindly and happy "a
pay his duty to what was worth while,
answered the orator in n Of his char
acteristic notes. .
I'm our respective parts yester-
day you could not have been excused
TO make a short address, nor I q long
one. l am pleased to know that, in
your judgment, the little 1 did say was
not entirely a failure.
"Of course, I knew that Mr.. Everett
would not fail, and yet, while the whole
discourse was emtnently satisfactory,
and will be OF great value, there were
passages in 1t which transcribed by
expectations.
The point made against the theory
OF the general government being only
an agency whose principals are the
states, was new to me, and as / think,
Is one OF the best arguments for the
national supremacy. The tribute to
our noble ome for the angel minis
tering to the suffering soldiers sur
passes In its way as do the subjects Of
1t. whatever has gone before"
Gettysburg had stemmed the con-
federate tide northward and had
brushed It back again. 1t was the
high tide Of the civil war, as 1t was
the greatest battle Of that struggle, al
though the battle Of Antietam the
year before Gettysburg has been called
the blcodiest engagement of the great
conflict. However, at Gettysburg the
union army in the three days. July /,
3 and 8, 1863, lost In killed: wounded
and he confederate loss In like class
es has been placed at 20,t48. Nearly a
quarter million men were engaged In
the three days fight, one Of the most
tremendous In history.
From Gettysburg, although there
were other battles almost as bloody
and terrific, really foretold the end
OF the c~onfeSeracy, and that the
IA OF the south was q lost one.
The war, as has been mentioned,
was carried on at enormous cost. Just
how much 1t cost probably never will
fully be known. II has been shown
that the federal government had
spent during the four years the enor-
nous sum of 81, 500, 0oO, 600. What Il cost
the south may be imagined. In addi-
tion TO these amounts, in the north,
every state had contributed not only
men but very considerable sums for
their equipment and maintenance for
intervals, longer or shorter. = In add
ton, there is the pension list, which
up to last year had amounted to the
staggering sum Of 50, 976, gu, 126. A part
OF this amount Is to be accredited to
pensions paid out for the Spanish war
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
Genuine Maple Sugar.

There are few people outside the
maple sugar making districts, says a
writer in the Country Gentleman, who
really know wat the genuine article
tastes like: he superior flavor thus
spoken of is probably due in q degree
to the same causes that make straw.
berries eaten OF the vine and cherries
consumed on the tree so delectabe.
The writer quoted, hJweVer, puts
some OF the blame for the poor flavor
of commercial maple sugar on the
willy wholesale dealer and mixer"
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
German View Of Food Scarcity.
From the Literary Digest

From the Literary Digest.
We used to boast that we could feed
the world now our food supply is run
ming so low. and food prices are running
20 high, that our president thinks an in
ternaf.onal commission should look into
the shortage and find some way to lure
the prices back within reach. His idea Is
Attracting notice all over the world. We
recently noted the comment OF the Japa-
nese press on II; now the European pa
pers are taking 1t up. Franc is the most
exempt from the perils of famine. notes
tia London Times, because the French
peasant cultivates every square foot of
hfe Tot. and Is content to live largely on
vegetables. The German, however, must
have hts sausage, m domestic pork IS
held AZ q fancy price because q high tariff
bar out the American product. SO even
Germany echoes our presidents feeling
that sonssthing must be done. Thus the
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
A Youthful Fan.
From the Boston Traveller.

FTOW IHe bUbIUH ITdVeIer.
The minds of the young idea are mostly
taken up with the topic of the day-base-
ball, at present.
Tommy's mother was bouncing baby ON
her knee, muttering the usual fond, fool
ish remarks. while Tommp was trying not
to listen. .r ..n..nan@
"O-oh, little wee petsy-wetsy!" chanted
his mother. "Mumsy's Inc daddy's little
darllngl Um's precious, UNI is! Mumsy
wouldn't sell oo for q hundred thousand
dollarst'
"Oh, motheri" said Tommp reprovingIy.
why, Pittsburgh only paid SO, 800 for
Marty o'TooleI''
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
Innocent.
Ernm MedicaI T1nnar

From Medical Times.
kastus-What 20 tink is de mattah Wit
me, doctah?
Doctor-oh, nothing but the chicken
pox, I guess.
Rastus getting nervous)-T clare on
nah honah, doctor, 1 amt been nowhar
I could ketch datI
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

More important than the choice Of Prest
dent is the selection Of Garfield Tea as Mt
remedy for constipation and biliousnesS.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

Agriculture supports nearly 1900
900 of the inhabitants of the German
empire.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

Dropped From the List.
Did Alice's party come OFF,"
Yes, and several of her birthdays.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

AHRM past 30 with horse and buggy 70 sell stock
condition powders. SIS per month. Address
UNIV Room 2, nO6 Earnam Street, Omaha, Nsb
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30


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The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30

/ Nero
10y begin
THE train
4 Oh, /
my husl
safely"
H. Beware
Garfield 7
Londoi
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1912-05-30
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Address
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08
Wyoming Wool Sales.

The news that comes from Wyoming
wool markets adds strength to the be-
lief that the Montana clip will sell a
advanced prices the coming season.
Advices from Rock Springs, Wyo.,
report that the following wool clips
have been sold during the past few
days: Blair & Hay, 400, 900 pounds,
10 cents; Ed. Rife, 1850 pounds, Is
cents; Poston Bros, 100000 pounds.
10 cents; Chris Juel, $1,000 pounds.
194 cents.
A press dispatch from Rawlins,
Wyo., says: Wool thus far sold in
this section has brought from three
to five cents more per pound than the
same wool brought a year ago and it
Is believed that prices will go still
higher. The heavy losses Of sheep,
due to the two severe winters and two
summer drouths, and the unprecedent
ed shipments to markets during the
fall of 1910 and the fall Of 1911, great.
lY curtailed the production of wool
and, viewed from every angle, it is the
prediction that wool will go to 20 and
% cents.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08

This agreement of the conference COM
mittee probably means early enact
ment OF the bill and it's approval by
the president, a. conference reports
have right Of way over other legisla-
ton"
Later advices, however, indicate
further delay in the enactment Of the
homestead bill. the agreement as out
lined above having been recalled by
the conference committee. The failure
to ratify the tentative agreement came
from the secretary of the interior OBJ
jecting to the provision OF the bill re.
curing the guilty alton OF but one
eighth of the of an area entry to se.
cure patent.
The secretary insists that q larger
area should be cultiv ated, and in this
he is sustained by Senators Jones and
Newlands and Representative Ferris,
the three forming one-half OF the mem.
bership of the conference committee.
Further meetings of the committee will
be held next week, when 1t is expected
q compromise will be reached under
which the bill may be passed and
eipnpd.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08
Facts About Ocean Ships.

Notwithstanding the terrible tragedy
of the Titanic the modern ocean steam
ship Of the finest class is the safest OF
all vessels. The progress in size and
speed which has held the interest OF the
world in recent years has been matched
by the gains in power and seaworthi-
nese.
An old-fashioned steamer or sailing
chip striking an iceberg as the Titanic
did would have gone to the bottom IL
four minutes rather than four hours.
A small, slow, cheap boat could never
have received such injuries and keep
aaoat so long.
Precautions against disaster at sea
have done much of the work intended.
Although there has been q vast in.
crease In traffic the number of acct
dents has not increased in proportion
to the number of passengers carried.
DR.. Oliver Wendell Holmes used &c
cay that the one disquieting thing
about an ocean steamer was the Sigh
of the life boats. They we're the only
suggestion of possible peril. An ex'
tr aordinary number of them nigh
actually tend to lessen q ships patron
age If such precautions, on the SAM
scale, were not general.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08
Earnings Of a Locomotive.

A writer in the Railway and En-.
cheering Review recently gave the
interesting results OF . computation OF
the average daily earning capacity Of
the American locomotive. The esti.
mate took account of time spent in the
repair shop. increased cost of repairs
and renewals and the cost OF fuel,
water and the engine crew. The aver
age earnings of q locomotive q day in
the east are s124 SO, and on the west
ern roads, $1,000. The highest earn.
ings in the west are those of the Santa
Fe locomotives, which work out a,
sl49.53 q day. The highest earnings
in the east are on the Central Rail.
road of New Jersey, where the aver.
age is Sl47.06 q day.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08
Useful Household Hints.

You can save q great deal OF fuel
during q cold winter by shutting up
your house and going to Florida.
Inculcate in your children q fond.
ness for birds. Build a pigeon house
on your barn or woodshed. Pigeons
come handy, too, for potpies.
If you live in q rented house do no,
throw your empty bottles up In the
attic and leave them there. They will
be q dead giveaway on you when the
next renter moves in.
Every young married woman should
begin early to impress upon her hus.
band that 1t is his duty to make the
fires, wind the clock and put the ca,
out.
If you keep q volume OF poetry or
the parlor table, see that the leaves
are cut.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1912-05-08
Affecting Enlarged Homesteads,

Instructions regarding the admins.
tration Of the ~"enlarged homestea ADJ
law have been received at the Grea,
Falls lsud Office from the general land
Office at Washington, the y principal
features being as followe:
An entryman under section 22s9.
revised statutes. who makes an addi-
tional entry under section three of the
enlarged homestead act. may continue
both residence and Guilty alton upon
the original entry. but iinal proof
may not be made for the land en-
braced In the additional entry until
full compliance with the requirements
of said act has been effected begin.
ming with the date of such additional
entry. Final proof must be made on
the original entry within the statutory
period of seven years.
The guilty alton required ia such
cases is an amount equal to one-sighth
and one-fourth Of the area embraced
IN the additions a entry, commencing
WlVu VIC SCVO0A oou yC0TSs 70.
spectively, of such ad%ditionaal entry.
II such proportions ate area, or any
part thereof, is of land embraced Ia
the original unprotected entry there
must be such additional cultivation of
the original entry as would ordinarily
be required to perfect title thereto il it
stood alone.
Prior to the design alton of land as
subject to entry under the enlarged
homestead act, q settlement right may
be acquired to not more than approx
mately 100 acres of uusurveyed land,
and should such settlement claim be
extended, after all the land involved
has been designated as subject to el-
try under the act, title may be acquired
to the enlarged area only by contin-
ued residence, and cultivation as re-
quired by section four Of the act, for
the full period after the date of desig-
nation and extension of settlement.