davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bisbee daily review., 1912-12-08
PROGRAM SUNDAY AND
MONDAY
IAN INTERNATIONAL

IAN INTERNATIONAL no
NANCE" (seIis) One OF the quaint
est and most picturesque pic
lures of The entire seasoa
"cHAReE OF THE LIGHT Bai
cADE" (Edison) Viyidly depicting
the greatest battle ever fought In
English history.
THE HEART OF JOHN
GRIMM" (ksiem) An interesting
drama of every day life.
THE LINE AT HoGAN's" (Blos =,
graph) It's only clothes line bat
it aids fate in conspiring against
two Irish hearts. A riot * mirtn.
"A TEN-kARAT HERoD (Blo.
graph The town bully has every.
body whipped without striking a
blow, but he gets his" when the
right fellow comes along. A
scream.
Bisbee daily review., 1912-12-08

and that it will be fayorsbly recon.
mended TO the council, that the COM
pletion OF the project was in sight
and that in a short time the crying
evil of Bisbee, mo place for the chill.
dren' would be cured.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
PROTECTS TAX PAYERS
DRY COUNTIES MUST HELP PAY
FOR CRIME CAUSED BY L.
CENSED CITIES.
Brewers, Press Bureau Operating I'm.
der Name of Taxpayers Protective
Assn. Trying to Mislead Voters.

The press bureau of the United
States Brewers Association, operating
from Wheeling under the name West
Virginia Taxpayers Protective Asso-
ciation." is sending out literature to
show that the taxpayers will be com
PEELED to pay an addition of $3.50 on
every ten thousand dollars of property
that he owns if prohibitions goes into
effect.
The fact is that anybody who Is for
tunate enough to have ten thousand
dollars worth of property would be
glad to pay six dollars and fifty cents
for the privilege of having protection
for his children and community from
the ravages of the licensed liquor traf-
fc. The great majority of people pay
taxes on a thousand dollars or less of
property and the additional cost, ac-
cording to the computations of the
brewers, would be not more than sixty
five cents.
Occasionally there is a man so low
as to figure out whether he can afford
to have his wife live virtuous life.
The brewers figure it out that the peo-
pie of West Virginia cannot afford to
have their state lead clean and vir-
tuous life because it will cost the tax
payers sixty-five cents each to have it
that way.
But as matter of fact, it is not like
Iy that there will be any material
~, 70 To- 10
of the ratification of the amendment.
The action of North Carolina and
other states in adopting state wide
prohibition did not compel the people
to raise their state tax rates. Some
state revenues from the licensing OF
liquor will be cut off but many ex-
penses of taking care of the product
of the licensed saloon will also be cut
off and the saving will likely take care
of the loss of revenue.
In some of the cities, there will have
to be a more radical readjustment,
But even in such cases, If the matter
is intelligently handled, there need be
no mere than a small temporary raise
in the tax rate If any. A large part OF
the cost of the police and criminal
expenses are on account OF the sa
loon and this heavy expenditure Will
be cut off.
At the matter stands, the rural dis
tricts, especially the dry districts, car
ry the big end of the stick. They get
no local saloon revenue but are com
PEELED to tax themselves in order tc
meet their portion of the expenses Of
state institutions caused by the sa
Ion in the licensed cities.
Statewide prohibition Will reiieve
the rural districts and villages OF this
| burden.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

or individual right than is any other
criminal law to be found upon the
statute books. The law has as much
right to restrain a man in the exer-
cises of vicious appetite as it has to
restrain him from a vicious disposi-
ton, and the same reason that permits
the law to lay it's restraining hand
upon the man inclined to commit MUIR
der will justify the state in placing re-
straint upon the uncontrolled appetite
of man who would sacrifice the com
fort and happiness of those dependent
upon him by the qualification of that
appetite.
In this state the overwhelming YER
dict of the home-loving, law-abiding
stable citizenship is in favor of our
law providing for statewide prohibit
ton.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Taxing MAYOR CAYh0R

The Press Bureau Of the United
States Brewers Association, doing
business at Wheeling under the alias
of the 'Taxpayers' Protective Associa
ton" are quoting Mayor Gaynor OF
New York az being stalwart oppo
nent of prohibition and being "on
record" as such. A letter OF inquiry
addressed to Mayor Gaynor reveals the
fact that the Brewers Press Bureau
are taking and that Mayor Gaynor Ii
not on record in any such way.
In a letter dated September 4, Mayor
Gaynor repudiates the fake in these
words:
Il have never said anything, 80 far
as can recall. on the subject Of pro
hibition. / would like to see the evils
of the drinking habit reduced, and
think they have been very much -
duced In my time.
Sincerely yours,
Nv. J. GAYNOR, Mayor
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
JUDGE cox WANTS PROHIBITION
AMENDMENT.

Hon. Frank Cox, of Morgantown,
ex-Judge of the Supreme Court OF APP
peals of West Virginia, and one OF the
most prominent attorneys of the state,
Is out for the prohibition amendment,
He made one of the principal speeches
at-the recent ratification meeting at
Clarksburg, urging the cleansing out
of the state of the saloons and dives
that accompany the saloons. In a let
ter to Lenna Lowe Yost, of the Rati.
fication Literary Bureau, he gave this
as his reason for voting against the
liquor shops on November 8;
Temperance is sanity, health,
wealth and power in an individual or
In a nation. For this reason, shall
vote for the prohibition amendment
submitted in West Virginia"
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
READ THESE FIGURES
BRIDGEPORT MAN PROVES a FEW
THINGS ABOUT PROHIBITION
AND POPULATION.
kxpIodes the Moss-orown FalIacy
About Wet Towns Having an Ad-
vantage In Numerical Growth.
[By A. 3. WIther..1

There seems to be a universal I'm,
preston that other conditions being the
same, the wet state or town has ad.
vantage over the dry one In the mat.
ter OF increase in population. This is
one OF the favorite receptions which
liquor advocates practice in pulling
the wool over the eyes of the citizens
OF states and cities where their bust.
ness Is in danger. The opposite is the
surprising truth, as the following
figures will show, not only in the case
OF cities but Of states as well. In
preparing the following exhibits, we
have tried to be scrupulously fair. We
have in every case compared states
and cities situated in the same section
OF the country where the industrial
conditions are the same In every
case. without exception, the advantage
is vastly with the dry section. The
cases are SO multiplied that the con.
clusion must be certain The census
figures for 1900 and 1910 are given,
with the per cent of increase or de-
crease in population. "D' stand for
dry. W. for wet. First figures, pop
ulation in 1900. Second figures, popu.
lation in 1910. Last figures, increase
in population.
New Hampshire (W), 411,5SS; AGO..
572; Az per cent.
Maine CD, 694,44e; 742,371; Z per
cent.
Missouri (w). 3,1Os,s5 3,2s3.335; .
per cent.
Nebraska (W). 1,O6S,53s; 1,1s2,214;
IL per cent.
Kansas CD, 1.47O,4s5; 1,69O,4s5; Is
per cent
South Dakota (W), 4O1, $50; 5S3,SS8;
A per cent.
North Dakota CD, 31s,14s; 577,o5s;
80 per cent.
Kansas City. Mo. (W). 163,752;
24S,3S1; SO per cent.
Kansas City, Kan. CD, 51,41S; 49,.
331 go per cent.
Clarksburg, w. Va. (W), 1850; 9,201;
1877 per cent
Fairmont, w. Va. (W), 1855; 9,711;
IA per cent.
Grafton, w. Va. (W), $3.50; 1853;
"a per cent.
Morgantown, w. Va. CD, 1895;
$3.50; 1888 per cent.
Weston, w. Va. (W), 1850; 2,213;
loss, 13 per cent.
Buckhannon, w. Va. CD, 1888;
2,225; gain, 40 per cent.
Hinton, w. Va. (W), 3.763; 5,0SS;
% per cent.
Anderson. w. Va. CD, ELS; 1,252;
141 per cent.
Ronceverte, w. Va. CD, 96S; 2,157;
12S per cent.
Fayetteville, w. Va. (W), Alb; 671;
so per cent.
Oak Hill, w. Va. CD, 11S; 1874; SIC
per cent.
Beekley, w. Va. CD, s4s; 2.1s1; $50
per cent.
Wheeling, w. Va. (W), 3S.s7S; Al,
Gal; per cent.
Moundsville, w. Va. CD, $1,000;
8,91S; 66 per cent
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
HOFFMAN INDIGNANT
PHILADELPHIA BISHOP FALSELY
QUOTED IN BREWERS BUREAU
As WET" PROPHET.
Issues Emphatic Denial and VIII Pray
for Success of Prohibition In West
Virginia Struggle.

Rt Rev. H. S. Hoffman, of Philadel
phia, Bishop of the Reformed Episco,
pal Church. IL up in arms because the
Brewers Press Bureau at Wheeling
have been quoting him az against
statewide prohibition. Writing from
Atlantic City, Bishop Hoffman has this
to say In a letter to the Campaign
Manager Hare, OF the Ratification Fed.
Grafton:
THE liquor men must be in bitter
straits when they attempt to allige ma
a. favorable to q trafnc which Is the
curse of the land. l cannot surmise
how my attitude to the nefarious traf.
dc could be SO misrepresented as to
make me opposed to the prohibition Of
ing liquors for beverage purposes
Some years ago there appeared In an
afternoon newspaper published In Bal
timore a very brief and garbled In
terview that q reporter had with me,
In which was made to say more than
intended to say. My intention on the
spur of the moment was to say that In
my Judgment the time had not yet ar
rived for the success of prohibitory
legislature and that license system,
such as had been introduced in the
city of Philadelphia, was the most
| practical measure to reduce the
volume and evil of the drink habit.
THE report in the newspaper re-
ferred to. gave me at the time some
| annoyance, which l now feel that ]
should not have allowed to pass I'M
answered and uncorrected.
| ITO make myself perfectly clear,
let me now declare that / have on
| several occasions voted the Prohibi.
ton ticket at elections where there
were less than 1900 other voters in
the city OF Philadelphia and that II
there were in Philadelphia, clear-cut
issue as there is in West Virginia, on
the liquor question. | should carefully
vote and use all the influence could
exert to further prohibition.
Assuring you of interest In the
campaign you are waging and praying
God that prohibition may triumph,
am
Yours truly,
III. 8. HOFFMAN"
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
SALOONS BREED CoNvIcTS IN
COLORADO.

Both the warden and the chaplain
of the state penitentiary at Canon
City. Col, have come out in statements
IN William e. Johnson, Press Secre-
tary of the Presbyterian Temperance
Committee at Pittsburg, that ninety
per cent of the prisoners of that instl
tuition come to them through the use
or abuse of intoxicating liquors. The
institution contains an average OF
about $50 prisoners. besides those on
parole. 1t costs the taxpayers about
$4,000 per year to conduct the instl-'
tuition. That is one Of the reasons
that led the people of Colorado to In
stitute a statewide prohibition cam
paign to throw off this burden saddled
upon them by the license system
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

The registration of voters in the
same old manner as heretofore has
been begun again in Mcdowell County,
where Republican registrars insist on
registering every name which was on
the lists two years ago, whether there
Is any evidence as to their being legal
voters this year or not. This system
would register Bob Buskirks bulldog
and the Fayctte County bank mules
again, to say nothing OF the hundreds
Of illegal voters who were brought over
from Virginia two years ago to partici-
pate in tn election which the Con-
aressional committee said was not IN
tended to be either fair or honest.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

Morgantown. w. Va.-Ar. p. B. Ben
netch has assumed his duties ~ asso.
ciite professor of dairying and dairy.
man Of the Experiment Station. Mr..
Bennetoh 10 graduate of Pennsyl
vania State College. where. he was
formerly assistant in The dairy depart.
msnt. Subsequently he had charge OF
a large farm for q steel company In
Warrington county, Pa. and for the
last three years has been instructor
IN animal husbandry In New York
State School Of Agriculture Of st. Law
renee University, at Canton. N. Y.
Mr.. Bepnetch has taken charge Of the
dairy herd, and plans ARE now being
made for disposing Of part Of the herd
and securing several well bred Hol
stein cows. It Ii proposed to make the
Holstein the principal breed In the
herd; but several good COWS Of each OF
the other dairy breeds-Jsrsey. Guern.
sey and Ayrshire-will be maintained
in the herd. Mr.. Bennetch will ct
once commence a study OF the dairy
industry throughout West Virginia,
and will outline plans for future work
In Its development
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Farm Dem nstratIons.

o. M. Johnson has assumed his du-
ties as professor Of arm management
III the College Of Agriculture. and will
investigate farm management through.
out West Virginia in cooperation with
the office OF Farm Management Of the
United States Department OF Agricul-
ture. Professor Johnson Will have
charge OF surveys which will Be made
in various parts Of the state to dster'
mine the methods OF management now
being pursued by our farmers, and de-
tsrrnine what methods are most profit
ahls. He will also have general SUI
psrvision OF the county farm manage
inent demonstrators.
One Of these demonstrators, Mr.. B.
B. Ezell, has already commenced work
In Kanawha county, with headQuar-
tiers at Charleston. Another demon
strator will be located in Ohio. Brooke
and Hancock counties. with head
quarters at Bethany 1t Is hoped to
locate another demonstrator In Wood
county, with headquarters at Parkers.
burg. Onehalf OF the salary and OF.
penses of these county demonstrators
Is paid the United States Department
Of Agriculture, and one-half subscribed
by local business men and farmers.
These county demonstrators are
making a careful study Of the methods
of farming In their counties, and. after
becoming acquainted with the farmers
In their territory, will arrange coop.
sratiys denominations with them.
These will include such things as the
introduction better seed corn and
other grains; testing OF plots Of al
falfa; cooperative tests Of lime and
commercial fertilizers; demonstration
work In truck gardening and small
fruits, etc., etc. The county demon,
strator will also attend farmers meet
ings, assist In the formation Of agri
cultural organisations, aid in organisi
Ing boys and girls agricultural clubs,
and ip every way possible aid the local
people In developing the agriculture
Of his district. Such work has beer
Of immense value In other sections
whsrA It has been carried on for sew
sral years, and it Is believed that
those county demonstrators will be
the connecting link between the work
Of the College Of Agriculture, the
State Agricultural Experiment Station
and the U. 3. Department Of Agrieul
tufe, In bringing to our farmers the
results Of the scientific work OF these
institutions which may be OF imme'
dIate practical value to them, and In
gradually securing their adoption OF
methods which will aid In moro pro
6table crop production.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

A few years ago the great publishing
house of Funk and Wagnalls Co., OF
New York, made an investigation and
found that there were more than 1000
unlicensed speak-easies in that city
more than in all the prohibition states
combined
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

This thing of a community paying
out sixteen dollars in the purchase or
headaches over the bar of saloon IN
order to get one dollar back in license
revenue may be speculation all right,
but not very good one.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

Licensing debauchery in order to Sc
cure law and order is the essence or
the saloon system. Law and order is
NOT 70 be obtained that way.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Is. y. Gibson,
ATTORNEY AT Law.

HF@'17* TIT
Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Va.
Practices 10 the Circuit Courts Of West Vir-
GINA. he supreme Court of Appeals and the
nited States District Court ut Martinsbufg,
O iiice over Millefe Pharmacy.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
COMMON SENSE SAYS:

One can not belong to two
political parties at the same time,
J when their principles arc as DIFF
ferent az day and night.
To vote for ProeressIves and
, Republicans on the Same ticket
J 10 like pouring oil and water Into
the same vessel and expecting II
, to make good soup.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Circular on Lime.

The Experiment Station has In press
Circular No s. on the use Of lime on
the farm, by Professor B. H. Hite
Station Chemist During the last veal
or two there has been greatly In
creased interest among the farmers
Of the state upon this important sub
ject, and the circular Is prepared to
answer numerous inquiries for infor
nation. 1t includes discussion OF
how lime improves soil texture, the
growth Of grass and clover. and pro
notes beneficial soil bacteria. 1t dis
cusses how lime makes plant food
available, and how it affects sour and
wern out soils. Directions are giver
for the application Of different forms
Of lime; and a list Of dealers in lime
from whom West Virginia farmers
may purchase 1t Is appended. Thif
circular win have wide distribution
and will be sent free to all those ap
dying for 1t who are not now on the
Station mailing list.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
,ooooo0o Q o oo0oo00oo
J MUST BE ONE OR THE OTHER. 9
THEODORE ROOSEVELT
SAYS:

"You can't support mo and vote
the Republican state ticket"
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Money to Loan.

Money to loan By the Charles Town and
summlf Point Building Association. Apply
4. BBeHoHG,
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Frank Beckwith.
ATroRNEY an LAW.

VIII practice In the courts OF Jefferson and
adjoining counties, Supreme Court Of APP
peais OF West Virgins, and Fed eral Courts.
ONCE: Citizen Building, Charles Town, W. Va.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01

mons kept with the male birlS OF other
breeds be pennsd separately during
the breeding season.
8. The farmers to pay fifty cents
for each cookersl ordered. (This
amount pays the cost Of Grating. a.
livering to the express once and .
small price for the fowl.)
4. The purchase price must be sent
with the order.
). The farmers must pay the ex-
pressage from Morgantown.
8. Requests will be filed in the or.
der they are received at the Expert
ment Station.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
Agricultural Improvement.

Several minor improvements are be
lng made in the plans OF the College
OF Agriculture The greenhouses ar1
being thoroughly repaired, and new
beds are being installed. A cellar fol
storage OF fruits is being built in con
nection with the barn. where fruit fol
class work may be stored during thu
fall and winter months. The hor:
cultural department nas erected ).
small packing shed On tie fs5pj an
Q steel corn orb ID being set up to
house corn and small gTaiR seeds Of tAis
years crop for which 40 otker room
b available. The station Il Arranging
to build feeding shed for csndsctips
feeding work with steers during the
coming winter. The hay crop on the
Station farm is 20 abundant that, al
though much OF 1t has bsen bailsd. .
large part win have to be stacked In
the fisld. It Ii hoped that before an
other year the College may have sum
cisnt barn facilities to adequately
house Its livestock and crops.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
PRESIDENT TAFT SAYS:

"A man can not be In the Re-
publican party and In a third
party at the same time"
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
UNIVERSITY NEWS
Live Matters Of interest At tho
West Virginia State
University
GREAT INTEREST N DAIRYN6

Farm Demonstrations and Agricultural
improvements-Helplng the Ns~
etudents-socla Events Of the First
Week Were Enthusiastically Sue
cessful and Enjoyable.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01
SAME OLD REGISTRATION
METHODS.

O0O00O0 o o O000W00O
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1912-10-01


money wilgo earheres
the you
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-31

tho verdict Of the jury. soon to be filed
bv ms counsel. which may take a year
10 determine.
He WAS at once delivered into the
custody Of Sheriff IIarbourgcr, who
left with hlm TO take train to Sing
Sing prison.. where the convicted man
viii be confined until hts fate is dc
tcrmincd,
Mrs. Becker had short talk with
Becker in tho shcrft's quarters at Tho
criminal courts building before Becker
was taken before the court. With
BECKER were his brothers, John B.
Becker aud Jackson Becker. and Faith
er Curry OF St James church. All
sought TO cheer the condemned man.
Mrs Becker aud her brothers~in.law "
pleaded with the sheriff to delay
Becker S removal TO Sing Sing.
Tho sheriff WAS obduratc and an
nounrcd that he would take Becker
away today.
j. T. Mcintyre, Becker S chief coun-
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-31
Condemned Man Silent.

Becker opened his mouth as if to
speak, but before he could reply John
w. Hart. his attorney of record, rose
to make thc usual motions to set aside
the verdict and TO arrest Judgment
Justice GoG dcuicd The motlous and
then pronounced tho sentence.
Becker heard himself condemned
| without amy show of emotion other
than the closing of his eyes aud the
| compression Of his lips.
Mrs Becker was not in the courtroom
proper. but was waiting in an autcroom
To accompany him to Ossininc. whore
she proposes to take up her residence
during his confinement.
The prisoner and his wirc. accom-
panied by the sheriff aud deputies, left
thc Grand Central station for Ossiuing
Mrs Becker bore up bravcly.
4" Red Phil Davidson. slayer of
''Blg Jack Zclig. the gang leader,
will escape the electric chair. At TIC
opening Of his trial today he withdrew
his former plea of not guilty and en-.
tered plea of guilty TO second degree
murder Tho penalty may be life i'm.
pTisonmont,
A jury was obtained in record time
Justice Goff then called to the stand
physicians who had examined the dc.
fcDdapt, and on their testimony that
he was weak mcutallv. the plea of sec
ond degree murder was accepted. Sen.
tcuCc WAS deferred.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-31
PROSECUTION RESTS
IN LINDLOFF CASE

CHICAGO, Oct. 3o,--A solid globe of
crystal glass foot In dilmntor. into
whose depths Mrs. Louis Lindlon .azcd
and then announced according 10 viii
nesScs tho forthcoming deaths OF mem
berH Of her family. vas introduced In
evidence today in tho Woman's trial OH
charges OF poisoning her l5-ycar-"II son.
Arthur.
The crystal appeared during the t"Sti-
m"ny Of Police Captain Ecrnard Eacr,
who went with Coroner Hoffman TO ulIcs-
tion Mrs Lindlofr soon after :, question
as 10 the cause OF hrthur's death was
raised.
Tho captain Identified small box nr
mineral poison found In the defendant :;
home, II was Of the same nature aS the
poison discovered Ia tho Nisccra OF four
deceased relatives of the woman.
Mrs. lJ0dlom told MS" said the cap
tain. "Shc was u SseresS that she read
the future ia the big glass ball and gave
electrical treatments To- mon patients
The hoy, size said had been sick nearly
two weeks before his death. She told vs.
when VIC questioned her about ihe dea lis
OF other relatives and ur The amounts Of
Insurance each carried
The state rested its case late this af-
tcrnoOu.