The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1912-05-10


divers are careful to dry their bodies thorough
ly after each descent and to take sufficient
rest Between dives they often smoke pipe
or cigarette, sometimes while in the water just
preparatory to dive.
The divers have learned by experience that
they may increase the length of their sub
mergence by making number OF deep, forced
respiratory efforts before taking the plunge
Most exaggerated stories have been told and
are still current regarding the length OF time
the divers can remain under water.
The Arab divers wear nose-clasps of flexible
horn attached to a cord around their neck,
while the divers Of other races simply COM
press their nostrils by hand during the de-
scent. This practice can hardly make any DIFF
ference in efficiency, and we must conclude
that the experiences of the Arabs depends on
an aptitude born of long experience
Their usual time below the surface is 60 to
IS seconds, the normal maximum not exceed.
ing 80 seconds, while the Tamil and Moormen
divers range from IS to so or so seconds, de-
pending on the depth. There Is we'll anthem
ticated case in 1887 of an Arab who remained
under for 100 seconds in water fathoms deep.
Under the arrangement that has prevailed
for many years, the divers are allowed to re-
tain one-third Of their catch, to dispose Of as
they please. The government retains the re-
mafnder and sells it at auction.
It is very difficult matter to extract the
pearls from perfectly fresh oysters either by
sight or by touch, or by both combined; conse-
Quently 1t has long been the practice to allow
the decomposition of the soft parts before the
search for the pearls is begun.
The oysters are piled into dugout canoes
and covered with mating or else set aside in
coarse sacks for to 10 days. Bacterial putre-
faction is supplemented by the work of blow
flies and their larvae and at the end Of the
period stated the disintegration, decomposi-
ton and digestion Of the oysters have pro-
crossed 80 far that there is little left but
pearls, shells, slime and foreign matter adher-
Ing to the shells, together with a large volume
OF maggots. The first step in the cleaning
process is the flooding Of the canoe to the
br1m; then the naked natives, ranged on eth
er side Of the vessel remove the shells, wash
Ing and rinsing them and removing any detri-
tus in which pearl may lodge.
} Eternal vigilance must be exercised BY the
owners to prevent the theft Of pearls, and one
OF the precautions taken is to forbid the wash
ers to remove their hands from the water ex-
cept to drop at their feet the cleansed shells.
The shells having been removed. the canoe
is filled with water again and again, and the
curry Is kneaded and stirred in order that the
lighter filth may be hoated off, The water is
nnally decanted, and the heavier debris con-
tanning the pearls is removed with scrupulous
cars and wrapped in cotton cloth, undergoing
a preliminary search for the largest pearls and
numerous subsequent examinations in tho
course of drying -
The dried matter is then sifted and sorted and
gone over again and again: and then, when It
would appear that even the dust pearls must
all have been extracted. the debris passes for
a final search into the hands Of women and
children, whose sharp eyes and delicate touch
~ enable them to discover an amazingly large
quantity OF small pearls. The material then
remaining IL offered for sale and always finds
ready buyers. - = y,%: = .,~ . ~ go
The most productive fishery In the recorded
history Of Ceylon was held In 1906 Three
hundred and eighteen vessels participated, and
during the season that extended from February
20 to April II over s1.000.o0o pearl oysters
? were landed. whereas tho best previous fsh.
ery. in 1891, yielded only 44.ooo.ooo. On Z num-
Der OF days over 10000 oysters were Oh
tained. and ono day, when t0o6Ooo were tax.
en- record was established that may never
again be equalled. = Z. a:. >~,a