davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

knows that one of the most difficult things to accomplish in that line is to get circulation without paying heavily for It.. canvassers cost money. Wayland was in genious. He figured out scheme where by he got canvassers to work for him for nothing. He started by selling his paper for cent a copy, the subscription price being 10 cents for 40 weeks. In order to get new subscribers he offered the paper for 40 weeks for 25 cents to clubs of four. It is astonishing how many of his readers took advantage of this offer. Practically all the money that has come to his office 1! in the last 15 years has been in dollar bills sent through the mails. each dollar representing four subscriptions.
 He voiced discontent and appealed to the discontented. He was crusader in the cause of socialism He did not hesf- tate to attack anything and everything that offered good target for criticism. and some of his attacks were so vigorous or so far beyond the limit put upon news papers that he got into trouble with the postal authorities. He ssnew how to util- ize persecution, or what appeared to be persecution and his circulation did not suffer thereby As his circulation grew the socialistic idea spread through the west. Even those within the socialist party who have little or no use for him give credit to him for making more Amer
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09
THE AMERICAN

the mosquitoes and gnats and the thlest insects cannot get in. Each house mas its light on all sides. and all are sur rounded by hedges Of brilliant leaves Of many colors, or by strange vines and tropical flowers. Uncle sam is the gardener, and the lawns are watered and kept trimmed by West Indian negroes. The plants are to a certain extent the choice of the resident. Nearly every woman here is q flower lover, and there are wives of maehinists who have col lectons of orchids which would cost small fortune in dear old New York.
 A Typical Home
 But let me give you some pictures of one of the well to do homes on the ish- mus. The man who lives in it Is rail road official, not the highest nor even next to the highest. He is fairly well down in the ranks, and his salary Is little above s2oo per month His home is the ordinary house which Uncle Sam fur nishes to a man of that class.
 How shall I describe it? It is situated on the side of a hill here at Ancon in plain view of the rolling Pacific. Back of 1t there is a row of royal palms, and about 1t a hedge of gorgeous red and green leaves. It has altogether a half dozen rooms and is surrounded by wide porch screened in with wire and covered with vines Inside the wire, at the front, orchids and other air plants hang from the roof, and also ferns in pots with leaves which extend from the ceiling quite down to the floor Some of these ferns have fronds as those of the maiden hair fern, and others have leaves which look like the horns of deer. There are chairs on the veranda, and this forms the out of door sitting room.
 Entering the house you come into a living room which is, l judge, IS feet square At the left is a bedroom quite as large and on the other side of the living room Is big dining room with china closet built upon the wall There Is also a drying room of about the size of an ordinary hall bed room, which has an electric stove 10 keep the clothes from moldng during the wet season, and on the opposite side of this Is kitchen. The house has also a shower bath and other modern eonveniehces.
 The Furniture
 The furniture fin the house is all sup piled by Uncle Sam. It is sslnple, as 1t
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

We live from hand to mouth, but in some respects we are very much better off than at hsme. and in others I like our home ways the better We are, in fact, socialists. with Uncle Sam as the governor All our food comes from the govern ment stores and 1t is from theQi that our bread, our ice our meat anh even our clothes are obtained The ice is delivered every morning and put into the icebox The coal is brought to the bins, the bread Is left at the door, and it is the same with our clothes or anything that we order.
 Our orders are made by means of com nissary books which we have the right to buy up to 60 per cent of our salaries. We cannot get a book, however, until the salary is earned. and If we should run out of a book at the latter part of the month We have rather close forage. AS you cannot buy anything from Uncle Sam except with these books. This is the only place 1 know of where you cannot pay money to get things. The only legal tender is one of the books"
 Well" continued the lady. "all our or ders have to be made the day before they are filled. The government has it's regular order man, who comes around every morning and takes note of the sup plies that we need. We have to pay the order man in advance for all we order, and he leaves a copy of the order with us and takes two copies with him. One of these copies goes to the commissary store, and the other is used in keeping the accounts
 But do you always get what you or der?"
 As a general thing, yes. but the trouble is we cannot pick out as you could at the market, and we have to take what is sent. I may order porterhQuse steak. and if the man sends me a cut from the round l have no redress. If the steak should be bad I could take it to the health officer, and thus get back my money, but if it is merely of a different quality I could do nothing. I know of certain houselSeepers who when they re- ceve a tough steak beat Uncle Sam by setting 1t aside until 1t spoils They can then take it to the health officers and recover what they have paid. As 0 rule however, the supplies are excellent. The bread is fresh and good, our ice comes from distilled water and 1t Is delivered at even cuts our kindling wood. and 1t keeps our yard clean. Indeed, our living Is much cheaper and better than we had 1t at home"
 The Servant Question
 asked as to servants. and the lady re- piled:
 "The servants here are mostly Jamaican negroes l keep but one girl and pay her Sl5 gold month. She has Thursday after noon off but she mus, come back home to get dinner. and she must also stay at home to get dinner Sunday My girl is an excellent cook. and she is cheaper than ordinary. The highest officials have more
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

the constltutionally tired had an equal chapce. Ruskn had it's lecture halls and its social center. It had book and a newspaper plant. It had farms and gar dens and variety of small industries.
 The experiment was watched with a great deal of attention. Wayland's paper was so bright or so unique, that it is said to have obtained the circulation of 6OO00 copies.
 Some of the gentlemen who were among the communists at Rusllin were not sat isfied with the community of interest being limited to personal and real prop erty They thought the colonists ought to go further. The most advanced be- lieved that marriage was a thrall. They advocated free love This was a little bit toe much for the middle west element that had entered the colony. and dssen- sions arose. There was a bitter fight and Wayland and most of the middle west persons who had gone into the Ruskn enterprise with him withdrew. Ruskn withered and is little more than a memo ry now. Those who remained after Way land and his crowd got out sought new fields fin Georgi1.
 Wayland was very bitter when he left Ruskin. He had little or no money, but he was. so good printer and so good a paragrapher that he had little trouble in making living He wandered around for while. then one day he landed in Girard. Kan. There he started a little weekly newspaper that he called the Ap- peal to Reason. His main purpose in pub fishing the sheet was to attack the Ruskia eolonists, and especially to answer E. H. Edwards. who had succeeded him as ed itor of the Coming Nation and had de- nounced him scathingly in thu publiea-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09
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 servants. and the engineer commissioners have about the same kind of an estab- lishment that such men would have in the states. They have their cooks, but lers and chambermaids A good cook gets about S20 month. butler $15 and a chambermaid sl5 As to the washing and Ironing, that is often done in the house by the cook when one has but two girls. and sometimes by Jamaican negresses who come in and wash and iron for a dol lar a day. We can also send our clothes to the government laundry. but that costs more, although the work is well done. Another trouble is that the machines cut off the buttons.
 What are your hours for meals?"
 They vary in different houses. The or dinary meals are three; the first, break fast, Is coffee and rolls This is served all the way from , until 9, according to the working hours of the man. The next meal is substantial breakfast served about Il to F. and then there is dinner at from 5 to r. Most all Of the ladies have afternoon tea at or o'clock. The usual calling hours are from to until :, and nearly every one is in bed by 10"
 One of the troubles of the woman of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

advantage of in the form of a special edition. Of some of these special editions nearly million copies were issued. In one instance Wayland sent 15Q,00e copies of a special edition to New York city alone Lots of booklets and pamphlets on socialistic topics were printed also.
 So big did the Appeal to Reason grow that it became not only the largest in- dustry in Girard but the largest industry in Crawford county. It employed more than 450 persons. and Girard today has the largest newspaper mail business of any place within the state of Kansas.
 There have been few men in the news paper business who knew the value of advertising more than Wayland. In 1901 he announced he was suffering from can cer and that he probably would have 10 retire. The cancerous growth was In his face. Not long after this announcement was made he came out with full page broadsde in the Appeal to Reason in which he said he had been cured by an old mammy's remedy. He said he had taken a pewter plate and on this pewter plate. he had bruised a lot of sorrel leaves and allowed them to remain on the plate until they had been oxidized, and then he had used them as a poultice and the cane cerous growth had disappeared
 He printed a whole edition of this issue
 tContlnued on Next Page)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09
WOMAN AT PANAMA-By Fra11k

ti.S isthmus is 10 get new clothing. There are p4euticaliy no dressmakers among the Panamanians, and nearly everything has to be made at home and sent down. The government stores have some ready made things, but these are mostly for men. and the women must either make their own clothes or order them from the states. I know some ladies who do this through the professional shoppers. They send In their measurements and the gowns and other things are. supplied on approval The woman who does the shopping in the I5rited States gets 10 per cent on all that she buys, but this commission comes out of the merchant.
 ..As to wash dresses. many of them are made here in the homes. Some of the canal zone women do sewing, and there arc a few Jamaica sewing girls and one or two native dressnlakers in Panama and Colon. Linens are especially cheap, as Panama charges practically no duty upon them, and the same is true of the beautiful grass cloths known as Canton linens, which are shipped here from China and sold by the Chinese. Silks of all kinds are cheap. and especially silk stockings, shirt waists and skirts
 am told that the cost of a woman's clothing is much cheaper at Panama than at home and this for the reason that she has to provide for only one sea- son The people wearS summer clothes the year round and they have no use for tailormade suits. furs nor costly gar ments of wool.
 As to hats, there is. I believe, one French milllner, but most of the fancy hats come in from the states. The most popular everyday hat Is tho Panama or jippi-jappi, pronounced hippi-happi. The jippi-jappi sold here is coarse. It is made of straw and shipped in from Equa- dor One can get a very fair one for 8 or $4 whereas a broad-brinmed Panama, beautifully woven, will cost SS. S10 or si5 and more. All of these hats are trimmed to suit the taste of the wearer, and often by the wearers themselves.
 As a rule, the women of the isthmus dress we'll The most sf them have clothes which fit, and they know how to wear them They have good wardrobes, and at a ball at the Tivoh hotel you will see as many fine dresses and 1t seems to me more fine looking women than at a White House reception. We have here the wives and daughters of many army officers, and the employees of the govern ment here are the best paid of their kind in the world and they all dress in good taste.
 Amusements, Dances and Masquerade
 Balls
 And this brings me to the subject of the amusements of the isthmus. The women here are socially inclined, and there are a number of society sets, just as at home. There Is the army set. con- sisting of the wives of the high officials and of the army and navy. for you know
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

ton. But wayland suddenly shifted his plans.
 The Ruskin business was too small to engage the attention of readers long. so he returned to his former idea of giving voice to the discontent of the middle west farmer. At thar time socialism had a fair amount of strength in Europe and was beginning to have some expression among foreign born residents along the Atlantic seaboard but it had not obtained a foot hold in the middle west. Waylands s paper was gotten up cheaply It was only of four pages. The type was large because il cost less to use large type than small. It was heavily leaded, too. The paper on which it was printed was of the poorest quality.
 Despite his eommunistic theories Way land had business sense that was most acute. He gave earnest study to ways
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

we have a regiment here and some ITncle Sam's marines. Then there is E clerical set with divisions ranging som what according to salaries, and there q society made ID of the wives of tlH mechanics and others. All of these intel mix more or less with one another, aH though there are certain well establishea distinctions and grades.
 There is considerable dinner giving an] ten giving and there are masquerat] balls and many dances of one kind or aI other. There are dances every two weei| al the Tivoli hotel, paid for by the IiVol club. which has TOO members. fhef dancer. are the events of the month an are attended by the women from all pari of the zone.
 Among the other amusements are pi1 nics to old Panama, Fort Lorenzo, the land of Taboga, and day excursions ot1 into the jungle. There are tennis game at every station, and among certa classes bridge is quite as common as is at home.
 The Woman's Club Movement And then the wemen's clubs. You vii ipd one or more of them at every statiol upon the canal zone, and their differer activities cover every form of club wor1
  movements of one kind or other Other are for social enjoyment and others fo intellectual culture. I know one elu which is taking up Panama history thi week
 And then there Is branch of the Tn ternational Sunshine society whose inter ests center around the work for biin babies in New York. and there are ms sionary societies of the various isthmia churches. Christobal has current event club, Culebra a Union Christian Leagu club and there are private card clubs an bridge clubs galore.
 We have also a number of women guilds and altar societies, whose member are teachers in the Sunday schools of tn Episcopal church, a branch of the Won en's Foreign Missionary society at tn Methodist church, which maintains tw scholarships in the Methodist College Panama, and Gatun society. which i1a furnished the Gatun domitory in the Al thur home at Summit, N. J.. And the there are the womens auxiliaries of som of the secret order societies. We have tf Daughters of Rebekah at Gorgona, tn Pythian Sisters, allied to the Brotherhoo of Locomotive Engineers at Las Cascade and the Alfaretta Council of the Degrs of Pocahontas at Culebra.
 All of the various clubs have their reJ resentatives in the Canal Zone Federatio of Women's clubs. and most of them al working together for the bettering of tl' moral conditions on the isthmus. The keep their eyes on the schools, upon eel tain features of sanitation and upon Il moral tone of the zone Fully half of tf women of the isthmus now belong 1 Isthem, and altogether they have done great deal of good.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-06-09

and means of making the Appeal to Rea- son prosperous. He knew the desire of the people he was appealing to and he worked to feed it.
 There were very few long stories or ex- tended articles in the Appeal to Reason. There were lot of disconnected. sharp, bitter paragraphs and good deal of the old One Horse Philosophy. Every issue, however. had one article intended to stir up the readers. This got to be known as the shriek."
 It was on August 1. 1895. that Wayland started the Appeal to Reason. For some years the paper did not make any great headway and it's field was practically linn tied. most of it's subscribers being in the grain belt. But gradually its territory widened
 Every one who has had anything to do with. building up a weekly newspaper r i-zS z
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-03-09

With Elbow or Long Sleeves. With
or Without stock Collar.
This semi princesse dress is just as
pretty and charming as 1t can be. The
lines are all girIish and simple, vet II
Is absolutely distinctive and smart. II
can be made from wool. from silk and
from washable material with equal
success. and from any two that con-
trast successfully. In the illustration
ono of the new mohairs in plain color
is trimmed with black and white
stripes. but the dress would he equal
~ charming made Of r~ose-colored lin
en- with the trimming portions OF
white.
The dress consists of blouse and
skirt. The blouse is made with under.
arm and shoulder seams and with sep
arate sleeves hat are stitched to 1t.
The skirt is cut in three pieces and
both blouse and skirt are Tapped on
to the center portion. the closing being
made at the left of the front. The cl-
the long sleeves are left plain.
For the Is year size will be required
5 3-4 yards of material 81. 4 IA yards
36. 3 1-2 yards ~ inches wide with
! is yards 81 inches wide for the
trimming and 1-2 yard 18 for the
chemisette. the width of the skirt at
lower edge is 9 yards.
The pattern. No. 7348. is cut in sizes
for misses of IA. 16 and IS years of
age. aud will be mailed to any address
by the Fashion department of this pa
per, on receipt of ten cents.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-03-09

pr Ea sd " LE ~ . FHa g q. A-A#. a-AI
own newspaper, under the title Rights
Of Women. The editor 10 Nine. de
Reus Janculescan, one Of the most
celebrated women Of that country.
In Hungary, last month. the Nation.
al Union Of Commercial employees, at
It's annual convention. passed a ESQ
luton strongly approving woman's
suffrage.
At the January elections in Iceland.
two women were elected members of
the town council in Reykjavik. one be-
ing the wife Of a prominent curate.
Women who are interested in poet
~ will be glad to know that March
6 was the birthday Of Elizabeth Bar
rett Browning. the greatest woman
poet England eve produced. Her
emotional poems will always live az
the best Of their kind. The latter
years Of her life were spent in Flor
ence. Italy. where Mr.. Browning took
her in the hope of regaining the
health which had forsaken her in her
earlier days. The country Of her
adoption inspired the Casa Guidi
Windows" Her fame rests chiefly on
Aurora Leigh" and also the Portu-
guese Sonnets. conceded by all to be
the most difficult form Of poetry.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-03-09

When emergencies arise and we don't
know what to do.
1t IL often with surprise We discover
something new
In ourselves: some unknown trait
will awaken and come to life.
When necessity is great opportunities
are rife.
There are depth within each heart
unfathomed and unknown.
For We only use a part of the soul
wealth all our own.
Self-limited and blind. content with
dross and chat,
Will dull. somnolent mind, we sci.
dom wake to half
Our ability and strength. God.gtven
at our birth.
And ne'er know the depth and length
of our heritage on earth.
Occasion makes the man" God
made him years before:
And on that same broad plan He
made countless thousands more.
He gave US strength and power fol
God-like deeds and bold.
But we waste away u hour until
the night falls cold.
Oh, billiards. None are a Look
thou within and see
The image of His face, thine through
all eternity.
by Clara NJ. ". Greenleaf.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-03-09
Should the 'Obey'' Be Omitted
From the Marriage Ceremony?

The matter Of the word obey" in
the marriage ceremony has oft been
discussed among women but only re-
Gently has ii become a question Of ma
tion-wide interest. A short time ago
when the bishop Of Canterbury vas
England and the bride was silent
when she should nave repeated the
word obey" and from that time on
it began to be talked about. In
Grand Forks the question became
prominent when Miss Bessie Shelton
Moss. formerly a teacher in the Bel
mont school. withdrew all invita-
tons for a handsome church we'd
ding when her pastor refused to leave
out the word so undoubtedly the opin-
ions Of a few great mn will be in
teresting.
n Christian Herald published in
New York city requested opinions
from a large number of national wom-
en- n Of the twenty-seven answers
published fifteen are in favor Of drop
ping h word from the ceremony.
Seven are positively certain that the
word should be retained. Others de-
ing on the bride should be equally
binding on the bridegroom SO q few
OF the letters are repeated below:
Mrs. NJ. A. Chamberlain--"1 should
not drop the word obey from the
marriage service. but I should. as, in
actual fact. / believe most wives do,
interpret 1t to mean. not the Latin
parere (obey) as a child obeys a par
ent. but the audire. translated in
Caesar obey" but really meaning to
hear or to listen. Obedience. in the
sense Of the hearing. or listening with
open mind to the voice Of her hus-
band. cannot diminish the dignity Of
wifehood. but would. ! am confident.
tend. or the contrary. to develop a
similar form Of obedience" on the
part Of the husband"
Alice Hubbard-"Should the bride
pledge o~bedience?" Yes! Absolute
obedience to her own highest individu-
ality and personality. obedience to the
both sides equally pledge IT," Also.
iutely. The man should pledge him
self to be obedient to the God within
him-the very highest. The word
''obey" should be dropped from a
marriage ceremony unless so used.
THAT any husband should obey any
wife. or that any wife should obey any
husband in the old sense Of the word,
belons1 to . barbaric age. It suggests
servitude and comes directly to us
from the time when the husband liter
ally owned the wife. Just as in Spain
today the husband has power over the
wife and . whip her into obedience.
nership. Mutually Of interests on 4
lofty basis Of friendship. thrilled with
love. 10 TO my mind the only excuse
for marriage. No promise made at q
marriage ceremony. be enforced
except to keep. the letter of the law.
and when the spirit Of marriage is
gone. the real marriage is terminate