davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21

What will be the probable cost OF
the canal when 1t is completed?'
accessories. such as dry docks. termi-
nails, coaling stations and supply
houses. 1t will certainly be less than
three hundred and seventy-five millions
At the present time we are expecting
to save from fifteen to twenty mil
lion dollars on the estimated cost.
How can you make such calcu1a-
lions as to a job Of these mighty d.
mensions2"
TT is very simple" said Col Cocktails
I'VE make our measurements and est-
mate the quantity. Then from the
can fix the cost per unit Of cubic yard
of excavation or construction or pound
of steel work. and by the ordinary
courses Of arithmetic find just what it
should be. In the present case the unit
prices were those adopted by the board
of contracting engineers for 1906"
Have you kept within those prices?"
Yes. we have cut most OF them very
considerably. Take the unit price of
the concrete. The engineers put that
at So per cubic yard. We are making
the locks in the spfllway at Gatun
for s. a cubic yard and on the Pacific
division we have got the concrete work
down to SIS a cubic yard. You may know
what that means when you remember
that we sholl use over 100000 cubic
ydTOS dL 1dtun anu over G,cVVsVVV ou
the Pacific division. This means a saw
ing OF at least 100000 at Gatun and
of 100000 on the Pacific. Altogether
it is a saving Of $9,500,000. But that is
a saving on but one unit price. We
have done equally well in others.
But how can you make such a re-
duction?"
I'VE do it by keeping cost sheets of
everything and by watching the leaks
and stopping them. 1t is the duty OF
the engineer not only to design and
construct. but to design and construct
economically. That is what we are
trying to do here at Panama"
But are not the wages on the canal
excessively high, and can they be sc
maintained in the future?"
1.-THE wages here were fixed at the be
ginning of the work, and 1t would have
been difficult to change them while II
about this work was that it had to b.
done well. and done quickly, and every
thing else had to be subordinate to that
AS it is now. there will probably be {
be arranged for by Congress at Its pres
emit session. II Congress will act, W.
shall be able to select the operating forc'
from our present employees. and this will
be great saving as to time. money. ant
in other respects. Congress should fix
wage scale for all the positions Of tn
permanent operating force, doing ava!
with the Inequalities which now exist. Al
it is, some of our present wages hav'
been made in connection with organized
labor, and the unions have succeeded IL
increasing the wages of certain classes
far above what is paid to others of Xix
character. For instance, some kinds O
labor are receiving IS per cent more thar
! similar labor in the United States, whil
other classes. equally capable. have ha'
an increase OF only Is or 20 per cent. NJ,
idea would be to make a fixed percentage
of increase, say 25 per cent over tn
wages of similar labor in the eastern par
of the United States, where the labo
scale is the highest. This matter should
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21


Who, as the most brilliant of French
ministers of foreign affairs, was
forced to resign by Kaiser Williams
threat Of war. The German DOGGY
still stands in the way of his eleva-
tiOn to the post of premier.
armor Of the war lord OF the north. And
on the day that Delcasse resigned. Won
Buelow, Germany's chancellor. was Gre
ated price by the delighted kaiser.
Since then, although Delcasse has not
been in charge at the Quai d'Orsay. he
has been the ruling spirit in the foreign
affairs of France. The policies that be-
came Identified with his name have been
carried on by his successors. He en-
tered the Caillaux ministry as minister of
the navy when France afloat was in a
bad condition. In the short time he was
there he accomplished a miracle, initiated
the new spirit among the personnel and
officials. and today the French fleet has
entered upon new lease Of life. ready
despite lack OF ships and men, to give a
splendid account of itself in case of q
clash with stronger nation.
Either. OF these two men stand chance
OF being the next prime minister OF
France. But the man who on all sides ID
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21

being talked of as the successor of Poin-
care Is Aristide BRAND, the man VINO, IN
stead OF Delcasse, succeeded Clemenceau
as prime minister. He is about fifty. and
although he did not enter the chamber OF
deputies until ten years ago, ne was
when he reached Office in 1909. one or the
youngest prime ministers of France on
record.
In his younger days he was known az
a socialist and he still calls himself one.
although the rank and file OF the move
ment call him traitor to the cause.
Time has certainly watered the red wine
of his views, and Clemenceau, one OF his
stanchest friends and admirers. is author
ity for the Statement that he Is one Of
the most conservative men in French
public life. Indeed" said Clemenceau
on one occasion, after a meeting OF the
cabinet of which BRAND was minister
Of justice, 'Aristide always finds our de-
cisions too radical"
BRAND first came into real prominence
when he drafted the separation bill which
cut the tie that bound state and church
together in France. When Clemenceau
fell and BRAND took ONCE there was
momentary sensation In France because
of his supposed socialistic tendencies. But
BRAND soon demonstrated that as prime
minister he was quite a different person
from the BRAND who as young man at
tended socialist meetings and wro.e So
cialistic articles for extremist news
papers.
His great opportunity came when an
attempt was made to call general strike
in France and tie up the industries Of
to entire country. The syndicalists
soon discovered that they had to deal
with a strong man, a man who would
not hesitate to use every weapon In his
power to save the country from the ca
lamity and ruin OF general strike. The
military was called out all over the coun-
try. and when the railway employees
struck and tied up the various systems
he summoned them to the colors as re-
servists, and compelled them to do the
work as soldiers that they would not do
as workmen. He thus broke the back Of
the great strike and put crimp in the
plans of the syndicalists to secure for
themselves the control Of the French gov
eminent. but he set in motion q number
of small conspiracies in political circles
that ultimately caused him, out Of sheer
disgust. to resign Office.
When the present ministry was formed
BRAND was one OF the talents" called
to Office to deal with the critical situa-
ton. Poincare. the prime minister, is
said to have urged Brands selection to
the highest post In place OF himself. and
when, finally, he did accept 1t was only
on the understanding that BRAND be
deputy premier, which position he now
holds. Poincare IL said to have done this
to secure the succession OF BRAND. to his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21


able to hold the best men of our construc-
ton force. Good labor does not go beg
ging. and if not SO held these men will
soon have secured permanent jobs else
where
"Has the world Ieayned any new things
through the construction OF this canalr'
Yes, 1 think it has" said Col Goe-
thals. 'It has learned q great deal about
how to take care OF ones health in the
tropics, and in general sanitation. I do
not mean that the canal has taught the
world anything as to malaria and yellow
fever. as far as the mosquitoes are con-
cerned, or of the methods OF destroying
those insects. These discoveries were
made by others. and in other parts of the
world. 1t was an English army surgeon
who brought to light the factt that the
maiarial mosquito transmitted\ malaria.
agency some years before We began our
work here.
The yellow fever mosquito was discov-
cred by our own army doctors In Cuba.
and the means OF suppressing both were
developed at Havana. 1t was here. how
ever. that the use OF these discoveries
was first employed on a large scale arr
by that means forced upon the attention
Of the world. We have shown that by
proper attention to vegetation and drain
age, by the use or coal oil on stagnant
water and by having living quarters
properly screened almost any tropical
regt,d c.. be made a workable quantity.
"And then we have to some extent
made improvements in machinery for use
in great works like this. But in that re-
spect we have not done SO much as We
might have done had the necessity for
quick work not been so great. AS 1t is
we have had to fight for speedy results.
and for that reason could not experiment
with the many new inventions offered
to us. Indeed, where we have tried such
inventions they have delayed rather than
aided the work..
.'Can you not tell me the time when
the canal will be surely opened for the
traffic OF the world?"
IT cannot give you the exact date when
the first ship will go through. The Presi-
dent has definitely fixed the formal
opening for January !, 1916. when he has
invited the navies OF the world to meet at
Fortress Monroe, and leaving there. go
in one grand procession through the
and feel sure that We will then have
the canal In such shape that the mighty
fleet can pass through without q hitch.
To do that we shall complete the canal as
soon as possible. and will send any kind
of shipping through 1t until the formal
opening comes, In order that the machin-
cry and the operating force may be in
perfect working order when the great
time comes"
With this statement close the first
half of my interview with Col. Goethals.
Our talk about the canal lasted for sew
eral hours, and the remainder OF IT -
even more interesting than that I have
given. It relates to the Notifications Of
the canal. and as to how the zone should
be controlled. It deals with the tolls OF
our canal and those of Suez and 1t ques-
tons how much American shipping should
pay. It has to do with the permanent
operating force, the trafac and with other
subjects OF the most vital interest. That
story I will give you next week.
FRANK G. CARPENTER
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21

THE Dictator of the 18TH
1 mus and His Square Deal
Why a Sea Level Canal is
Impossible-The Great Slides
and How They Will Be
Controlled-The Question of
Earthquakes - The G atun
Dam and It's Factor of Safety
How the Canal Cost Has
Been Cut-Nine Million Dol
lars Saved on Concrete
lone Scientific Manage
ment-The Permanent Force
and It's Wages-Great Les
sons for the World at Panama
When the Canal Will Be >
Opened.
Copyright. 1912. by Frank G. Carpenter.)
Special Correspondence of The Star.
CULEBRA. Canal Zone, Panama.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21

I'VE have never had any great disturb
ance at Panama, although the belt seems
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-21
No DANGER OF EARTHQUAKES
That. ARCH IS mo HUNDRED YEARS OLp
u 2kE

be fixed At once, in order that we may DO
able to hold the best men Of our construc-
ton force. Good labor does not go beg
ging. and IL not SO held these men Will
soon have secured permanent jobs else
where"
The Washington times., 1912-02-01

The Continental Trust Company OPEN
cd for business this morning presenting
the appearance Of a real bank q few
minutes later, while the banking room
looked like florists establishment. On
President Scots desk were two large
vases Of flowers, roses and carnations.
from home" A large number Of new
accounts were opened, there were calls
from many heads Of Washington's fs-
cal Institutions, and numerous floral
tributes to the Senator" his officials,
and his institution.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
HUGE sum SPENT
FOR GIFTS, EXPRESS
INQUIRY D|SCLOSES
Liquors, Cigars, and Flowers
Bestowed on Rail Officials
and Shippers.

One of the facts brought out at to-
days investigation OF express company
rates by the Interstate Commerce Com
mission was that the Adams Company
had more than $4,000 charged In one
year for "gratuities." which II devel-
oped were In the nature of small pres
ents to railroad officials and to big
shippers.
The ''gratuities," explained w. a.
Bryan, who IL conducting the investigA
tion for the commission, were in the
shape Of cigars. liquors, flowers, tur-
keys. ana entertainment.
do the turkeys 60 to the company's
employees, such a. the drivers?" asked
Commissioner Lane.
mo. SIR" replied Mr.. Bryan. they
60 to railroad officiels."
How about the shippers?'
They get cigars and small favors."
said Mr.. Bryan.
1t was shown that the amount spent
by the Adams Company in this manner
in q year had amounted to $4,000. WHICH
amount was regarded as a fair aver
age for other companies.
1t was not shown. however, that these
'gratuities' had ever amounted to any
thing more expensive than a box OF
mobile ride.
The total amount had little bearing on
the question Of expenae for operation.
Many Of the exprets companies are
represented at the hearing BY counsel
and by employees.
The report Of the Government study
OF the express companies showed the
startling fact that the enormous profits
In the express business are now being
swallowed up almost entirely by the
railroads in Increased rates written into
recent contracts between railroads and
express companies.
In many classes Of express the margin
OF profit to the express companies IL 90
thin that q reduction Of cents in the
rates charged the public would turn
, profits into deficits.
The report brings out the fact that
present express company dividends are
In large part being earned by the huge
investments Of express companies in
profitable railroad securities. These Sc
curities were bought with sulpluses
piled up in the palmy days of big ex-
press profits The report lists over 3l0l.
100000 Of such express company hold
ings.
The report does not attempt to draw
conclusions from its figures. There is
included. however, q significant table
showing the thousands of express COM
pany shares owned or held In trust for
railroads or railroad officers and direct
rrs.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Passing of Maglate eJars Wall Street Markets
STOCKS RALLY AND THEN SLUMP
FOR NEW LOWS ON THIS
MOVEMENT.

to the suit of the Government II admit
ted oil tie Street 10 be a mastery
affair, \ contention that may be sus-
stalned--a plain, straightforward state.
inent that reads convincingly.
Wall Strest may nske much OF the
Money trust (?) investigation, but II 10
decidedly questionable whether the In
vcstigating committe will be able to
rlake anything out of It. II 10 stated
that some big bankcrs actually court
The Hawicy stocks were easier. Gin
cinnati end ohio opened y OF. and
broke from f9N to JON, with modest
rally: katy" preferred was IN of and
the common a point.
The strong points on tho list were
Reading. with \ point gain Sugar. with
n Ike amount: .ehigh Valley, \. and
Great Northern, Y. At one time Steel
was IA point higher. at COZ. but Il re-
acted to v net by noon. st Paul was
very weak. liquidation there In contiRu-
Market was slow and intensely nsr-
The vaciilating trend finally, work.
cd itself into q decided weakness.
The gains were wiped out and the
bears, sure of their position. were
decidedly aggressive again. They
Jumped on Steel and they bucked
Union Pacific and st. Paul ana also
Copper with persistency.
The result was g. new low on this
move for steel. 6Sx. . drop to 1S0h
for Union Pacific and wiping out OF
the gain on Reading
At the beginning of the last hour
stocks were very weak.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01


NEW YORK, Feb. 1.-The reason OF
yesterdays smashing break In securities
was made public this morning by the
passing Of Edwin Ha~lsy. construc-
tive operator, practically controlling the
Chesapeake and Ohio, the Katy" and
other roads. and interested industrially.
as well. That Mr.. Hawley has been
III was a matter Of public knowledge.
Mr.. Hawley's loans on the Street were
heavy. and they were generally iiqui-
dated yesterday. this being the cause
of the slump.
Todays market was nervous, entirely
In the hands Of the floor traders. ana
inclined to move easier toward lower
prices than toward better figures. al
though the average was u better than
the final figures Of yesterday.
There was much Of announcement IN
the earnings Of two great systems for
December that in q way ought to or
set the Hartman showings. Pennsyl-
vania came across with an increase In
both gross and net revenues. The lines
west of Pittsburgh showed q net In
crease Of $269 900: lines east had 2 gain
in net operating revenue OF y, ,0O0.8U.
From the Chesapeake and Ohio system
came a net operating revenue gain fhr
December of $11S.336. and q gross of
3l5l, ,361 These are straws and ought to
be q matter Of announcement to hold
The defense Of the steel Corporation
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
COLLIER ON WAY
TO ANNAPOLIS WITH
THE MAINE RELICS
Expected to Arrive There
Sunday-Board Will
Make Awards.

The naval collier Leonidas, with me-
mentos Of the battleship Maine and of
icers and crew who went down In the
explosion In Havana harbor, aboard,
will arrive at Annapolis, Md. Sunday,
morning, according to dispatches re-
Syned rive ,,d. at ne TsVy npaS Dspa'inehI .e .0uay.
the Virginia capes Saturday evening.
She has aboard tons of torn and twisted
iron from the hull and equipment OF
tne h.. ui.Iated warsnap' s' as % we,l as renSs
cargo Is one of the military masts from
the Maine, for which many patriotic
societies have put In bids. A board Of
claims, and will make the awards.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Wholesale Produce Market
Egss-Nearby. fresh. 4osA2c per COS,

Egss-Nearby, fresh. <oaA2c per Cos
Cheese-New York. new. 1oc per ib.; nat
l7alSc per lb.
Butter-Best, print. 4oc per ib.. tub. ssassc
per h.: process. nc per h.: undersrAdss
TIC per lb.
Live Poultry-Hensl1 per ib.; chick
ems. 13a14c per ib.: small, 17alsc per ID. roos-
ters, 8asc per ib.: turkeys. l6a1sc h.. geese.
elucked. saiec per h.: unplucked. ieai1c per
~: ducks. i4aisc per h.: keats. young la
Dressed Poultry-Turkeys. l7alsc per lb.:
chickens. 13al4c per lb.: hens, lac per ID.
capons. large 20a2lc per h.: ducks. lsaiSs
per lb.: geese. l2sltc per lh.
Green 1oods-Oranges. Florida, =. 76a3. 80
per box: grapefruit, 80 per box: apples. q. 50
a.: 90 per bbi.; potatoes. s3.ooas5o per sack;
celery. fancy. ooal.2 Is or dos. kale, Sl.o0 per
bbl. spinach, q. Is per bbl.: carrots. <0c per
basket; $50 per sack onions. S35o sack;
sweet potatoes. $500 per bbl.; lemons, SAL. 50
q box: crsnberries. 0ooaS.1o per box: III 90
per bhi.
Live stock-Caives. prime. % per ID.
medium. &c per h.: common, sa7c per h.
old sheep. 800 per cwt.; lambs prime,
SIC per h.; medium. 80 per ID.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Sales Today On
Local Exchange

Riggs Realty, SIS, Ss.ooo6los ss.ooo6los.
y. .OOoGlos. s1.ooo@l@H. sl.oooQloaN. -.
Capital Traction SIS. 9. .0o0Glfos. 8. 900
iie%. sccSiiok.
Washington Railway and Electric,
common, 1O096SH.
washington Gas. 15@4. bqs4 25@ss%.
MerssntSsisr, 5GSis, idMs. s92ls, LOG
A7h. 5G2i7N. 662l71t. 5d2l7t. 10d216it.
After call-Washingt3 IN Gas. 25GSihs.
Capital Traction. l6d122f<, 1Ja12eSs. 90
IN, 1cfll22h. f0q122ik.
Wa.hington Railway and Electric pf..
25d90k. 6ae0it, 5000.
MeSEenthaler. i0Gp216N, 1612l7
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
GROUP Of WEALTHY
nEN PLAN TO BUILD
SUBURBAN HOMES
Tventy-acre Tract on Massa-
chusetts Avenue Will Be
Improved.

n group Of wealthy business and pro-
fss<scnsi men. who have formed them
s~ives into the Massachusetts, Avenue
Realty Company. today purchased from
Charl<s & Clover about twenty acres
ef land on Massachusetts,. Just beyond
Artrona avenus and opposit. the sub
uban residence OF kr. Glover. for
a1-our sloe.ee. for the purpose OF erect
tng q number II elaborate suburban
homes for themselves and the market.
Henry Spencer. vice president of the
soushern railway. John r. Wilkins,
Moray A. Cobb. John p. Story. tr., and
tbe Rsv. Henry " ard Eenys are some
s< H. members Of the proposed su..-
n % the purpose Of the members Of
the company. according to Mr. Story, at
soos % start the construction of three
er four houses. each costing from S3O,OO0
10 ua0a. and surrounded by from one
% tuo acres Of ground. Especial atten-
a. 3 % Be given TO the landscape ar
chfescture.
rhs sale OF the property was made
through the Office Of Story q Cobb.
Ih1s real estate hrm is now building q
49, ressdencc for q client In the VI
etnlty of the newly acquired property.
fhts 10 the first large home building
cp<raf1on TO be started in the Massa-
ehueetts avenue extended section, but 10
similar 20 the new subdivision Of Edge
wed. recentiy started by Chevy Chase
Cub members out Wisconsin avenue,
0Dpo1Ite the club hou0a
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Real Estate Transfers.

sa % sS7 Fourseenth street southsast-Fiora
pschey 10 wilford H. Dunn. lots 70. a.
-. "a square less. 80.
oo Ysussensh ssrses-wiiford H. Dunn ct
Z :. Ears.d ,s an and Irene W. sch.u0' lot
SO YeGss:nsh ssress :outhea.t-ssms Sam -. 70
n.sa D z,sA.s. l1s s., ;aS:,e loss; 10
c.ssa.saa Hsishts-Academy OF sacrea litlrt
ny 70 LeSs .,s = Brueninssr' lots
Pi-.sans Pisins-Johsnna Schneider to Acad-
~ q H. Sacred Heart Of Mary. part
a =. W.sa " "
SIfsh ssrsst northwest. between = and @
Rsoss.s. part original lot . square ls7
s.= % saIvasess 4 ssssL part original
, ,ss "a ,sr.;m,,. sss:r. E ga y ..sv to 7r.n,,,
q G~srse r. R.by ct u.. to same. lot
cssvy cAase-cheyy Chase Land Company
t-.sssss q cns,y Chase r.s:by,erian Pre-. ,,e
Building Permits.
n following building permits were issued
ssaay:
10 Harry w.rdman to build forty-four two-
lsz.bsa rad. rs 70 77s Hobart street. 75s to
- Heoart street. and 7ss to 77s Harvard
.sr.es; .rchitee' and builder. Harry Ward
To Harry wardmAn TO build twelve one
a~y srsck dwellings from ,sol to ss2a
Sherman ayenue: architect and builder.
harry Wardman: estimated cost. 81. 900.
10 J. ". Nairn to repair store at l107 r
sfre>f northxest: contractor, @. w. Hen
aerson: estimated cost, S1T.
10 Simon Goldberg 10 repair store and
dwelling n 81 ID street: architect. H. w.
f.rssas: contractor. Samuel D""yer; esti-
Ts n w Pike to repair store and dwelling
st IN Twelfth street northeast; architect
ana eentrsetor J. T. Jones: estimated
oDt- -
- Mn Leno Newrohr to repair store at
- Gesrgta avenue: contractor, H. A.
SoannD<a. estimated cost. Sl0s.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
New York Curb Market.

Furnished, to The Times by Hartman
4 Co., New York; q. b. Chipman. man
sGer local branch. Colorado Buildins.
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Police Captain Daley
Hurt In Fall on Ice

Police Capt John Daley. OF the Ninth
precinct Was painfully injured about
TIE had by a fall on the ice last night.
He sAs walking up T street northwest
N hfs way home. when he slipped and
f~El- HIS head struck the pave nent. and
- resolved q slight ooncusTion. hut this
manning he was able to report for duty.
- usual
The Washington times., 1912-02-01
Injured By Fall.

James Iglehart, forty years old, Of
2809 Dumbarton avenue northwest.
fell on the ice in front Of 1914 Volta
place northwest. this morning. and
cut his face and head. He refused
hospital treatment.