davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

1shed commercial enterprise with us, whereas
our present system of taxing annually the en-
tire value of the stand is most unjust and one
Of the biggest hindrances to the introduction
OF commercial forestry in place of our present
speculative numbering.
The Prussians have worked out commercial
forestry to a mathematical science They
know to a dot just how long given forest of
kiefer, or sylvester pine, will take to reach ma
turity, just how much thinning Is best and when
to do it, just the right age and soil for the
plantations, every known disease OF the tree
and its remedy, and just where to market ev-
cry splinter of it at maximum profit. And
their government encourages them with COM
pusory fire protection from the railroads and
Just tax laws. The same system prevails with
the spruce and fir of SaXony and the hard
woods of Hesse and Westphalia, SO that they
make from $3.50 an acre per year in the spruce
of Wurtemburg to $3.50 in the sylvester pine
forests of Prussia and the annual yield from
but thirty-five million acres of forest Is four
and one-half billion board feet But we are
far from any such exact knowledge of our tree
species as this and we have over hundred
species where they use but seven. And 1T is
well-known fact that many of our expert
ments in clear cutting and planting have so
far failed After ten or twelve successive gen.
erations of foresters have studied out our best
species Tor pure STAND raising ana we nave, as
1t We're grown up with our forests and know
them as do the older nations, this system will
be applicable on a large scale with 1t is
being applied now to certain extent with
white pine, as witness the numerous success
full, though young, stands Of white pine in New
England. The total area Of planted forest with
us is now about 100000 acres. The total land
that would yield best on planted forests Is
more than 56.0O0.000 acres.
The French system of futaie regulaire, or
standard forest, is the more likely one for us
to use or rather to grow into, for are in
for at least fifty years of selective forests be-
fore any extensive use of standard forest
be introduced. In the French system three
outs are necessary when the forest reaches
maturity: The seeding cut is first made. let
ting in sun on the forest floor, and varying in
amount widely depending upon the species OF
the tree. The next fall of seeds from the seed
ing trees results in dense floor of young
shoots, for the suns warmth is present to ger
inmate and to feed the young trees with sun
light Then follows the secondary cut, when
the trees have reached the age of five years
and are tough enough to allow cutting opera
tions without too many of them being killed.
This cut takes nearly all the old trees, leaving
enough to protect the young thicket from wind,
frost and drought The terminal cut follows
when the young trees reach about ten years
of age and takes the last Of the old stand.
First thinning begins five years later and con-
tinues every ten years until the main stand
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
The Very Best Make.

In the course of an after-dinner
speech in praise of woman, Samuel
Untermeyer, the New York lawyer.
said in Pittsburg:
A commercial traveller remarked
the other day to storekeeper:
Make yourself Christmas pres
ent of a cash register. 1t will keep
strict and accurate account of all you
receive and all you disburse. 1t will
show what you save and what you
squander, what you spend foolishly
and what you spend wisely, where
you should spread out and where you
should retrench, what you waste and
how you waste it
But said the storekeeper, I've
already got cash register which does
all that and more
Whose make is it?' asked the
salesman, frowning.
Gods make, the storekeeper re
piled; and with a smile at once rev
erent and grateful he nodded toward
his handsome wife seated in the cash.
ier's cage"
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

man mas no terrors for you, there fs no
reason why you should not set it out in
white pine. or sylvester pine, or what
ever species your state forester specifies as
suitable for the soil and climate Keep cattle
and running fires out Of the woodlot, plant out
your spare acorns every chance you get use
up the weed trees for cordwood, and take out
worthless trees wherever they are crowding
the young oaks, and you will soon be in a fair
way to own a valuable oak stand. The same
is true of small forest tracts Of few hundred
acres, the ideal sportsmans retreat. You can
practice an immense amount of culture for
estry during your hunts and camps and wan
derings about your tract. Here and there will
be predominating areas of valuable species
which only need little encouragement to take
up the whole land. You are always using fire
wood out of the tract. Make that firewood pay
by planting the room each tree leaves with
half-dozen oak pine seeds, or, better, keep
little nursery of white pines and white oaks
and draw from it as you take out worthless
stuff. white pine twelve years old is a very
respectable little specimen twenty feet high
and three inches across the butt In six years
1t is higher than your head and wants at least
twenty square feet of room, so before you
know 1t, what was once a clump of soft naples
and white birches is now a thicket of thrifty
young pines. AS regards the oaks, a sharp
stick and your heel is all they need to put the
acorn down two inches into the mulch. There
ought to be one Seeding every ten PAGES, with
a reasonable chance at the sun, all over that
part of your forest where oaks are wont to
grow.
AS the oaks are the most important family
of the hardwoods and one In which every sports
man is interested, will just run over in re-
view the most widely distributed members of
the family in our country. We blessed
with many species suitable to all kinds of soils
and climates. At the head of the family stands
the white oak, quercus alba. the noblest tree
in our forests. You will know him by the
familiar deeply notched leaf with nine regular
lobes disposed four on side with one at the
end. Along in October it turns fine copper
color and then brown. hanging on all winter, y
that when snow is on the ground. If yots
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
counterfeIter Gets stlr s.n+.nc.

William Fink, Brooklyn, N. Y, dealer
In drugs. was sentenced by the New York
Court of Special Sessions, to imprison-
Inent In the penitentiary at hard labor,
Tor four months. The charge was coun-
terfeiting the trademark for Carter's Lit
law.
the counterfeit before any quantity of the
spurious goods had been placed upon the
market In sentencing Fink. Judge Deuel.
Laid special stress upon the injury done to
the public when a remedy SO we'll known
as Carter's Little Liver Pills is counter
feited and put on the market. He i'm
posed the sentence not only as the prop
er punishment of Fink himself, but in or
der to deter others from the commission
OF Ike frauds in tho future.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
FROM THE NORTH COUNTRY
Where the Wintsrs Are Cold and the
Shows Deep.

Writing from the vicinity David
he was an habitual coffee drinker and,
although he knew it was doing him
harm, was too obstinate to give it up,
till all at once he went to pieces with
nervousness and insomnia, loss OF ap-
petite, weakness, and generally
used-up feeling, which practically un-
fitted him for his arduous occupation,
and kept him on couch at home
when his duty did not call him out.
While in this condition Grape
Nuts food was suggested to me, and l
began to use it. Although it was in
the middle Of winter, and the ther-
mometer was often below zero, almost
my entire living for about six weeks
Of severe exposure was on Grape-Nuts
food with little bread and butter and
cup Of hot water, till was wise
enough to make Postum my table bev-
erage.
After the first two weeks I began
to feel better and during the whole
winter I never lost trip on my mail
@SosS, AhO4uShSAJ USAuS oA tuO iOdu
z or s hours at time.
"The constant marvel to me was
how person could do the amount of
work and endure the fatigue and hard
ship as did, on so 1mall an amount
of food. But found my new rations
so perfectly satisfactory that I have
continued them-using both Postum
and Grape-Nuts at every meal, and
often they comprise my entire meal.
"All my nervousness, irritability and
insomnia have disappeared and healthy,
natural sleep has come back to me.
But what has been perhaps the great.
est surprise to me is the fact that
with the benefit to my general health
has come remarkable improvement
IN my eye-sight. -
IF a good appetite, good digestion,
good eye-sight, strong nerves and an
active brain are to be desired, I can
say from my own experience, use
Grape-Nuts and Postum" Name given
by Postum Co., Battle Creek. Mich
Read the little book, "The Road to
Wellville," in pkgs. There's q reason"
Ever read the above letterf A new
one appears from time to time. They
are genuine, trces and full, OF human
enterest.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15


your memory against the time you want q
very hard wood. Otherwise leave it severely
alone, except to clean it out as forest weed,
1t belongs to the bristletipped and pointed
leaved families Of oaks, of which the red oal
is the representative and most valuable spe
cies. Seeding is biennial. Sylvicutural treat
ment OF red oak about the same as white oak,
except that the seeding cut must be a trifla
more open. The red oak is claimed to be q
faster grower than the white and it GER
tainly overtops it and crowds it out in direct
competition. l am of the opinion, however.
that If the white oak is given an equal amount
Of sunlight it will give a crop of mature trees
within ten years of the corresponding planta
ton OF red oak. From the carpenters point OF
view there Is no comparison between 1t and
the white oak, nor is there when it comes tc
market value as the white commands nearly
double the figure. Personally find red oaA
much easier to work, rather brashy, and no
where near so strong as the white. It Is s
hardy, aggressive grower in the forest and
you will know It by its large, dark-green
shiny, pointed, lobed leaves and its big blunt
acorn with the fiat saucerike cup This acorr
is the distinguishing feature, as the black oal
has a very similar leaf but its acorn is hall
enclosed in green, scaly cup. The red oak
has the smoothest bark of any of them
nearly black. greenish tinged on the north
side. Leaves turn deep red late in October
Now that white oak is getting so high priced
the red is used a great deal in interior house
trim. 1t Will grow dry soils, which fact
often decides its choice as the forest species
when choosing between 1t and white oak
It's cousin the black oak, and the scarlet
oak, O. cocinea, are so like it in leaf that all
that can be said is that the leaf is moro deep
ly notched and heavier-veined. You must
look to the acorn to be sure Both scarlet and
black have deep-cupped, scaly acorn, and the
inner bark Of the black oak is orange-yelow,
making fine dye, used in medicine as Guerci.
tron and in the industries for tanning Wood
sells as "red oak" The scarlet oak is a much
smaller tree, growing best in plenty Of sun.
light; inner bark reddish, kernel of the acorn
is white while that of the black oak is yellow.
Both of them have gorgeous orange and scar
let foliage in October, and are useful for orna
mental trees.
All through our moist ravines and creek bot
toms you will find tall slender oak, growing
in natural pure stands, with notched, peaky
leaf like the red and black oaks. But under
the tree you are sure to find abundant small
round acorns with shallow cups almost
smooth. The little acorns are half an inch
long and very pretty, sometimes with delicate
light stripes running longitudinally. This tree
Wood is coarse and not durable; sells as "sec
ond" red oak. Pin oak, beech and black gum
are however, the three toughest woods in the
forest. Sylviculturally the tree has no value;
when you take one out replace it with swamp
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

with stones, sticks and guns. A noise
was made at the mouth o. the hole
and the snakes, becoming angry, sal
lied forth to fight. When the noise
failed to bring them, long poles were
used to prod the reptiles. AS the
snakes emerged from the cave tney
were slaughtered, and at the END OF
the killing. 240 dead ones were count
ed. None of the attackers had been
bitten, though some had narrow es-
capes. Some of the snakes were from
three to four feet in length ana nad
many rattles. while meny we're young
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

this region has been infested by
snakes and the settler, being curious
to know from whence they came. fol-
lowed the snake to the place Of dis
appearance. Lighting a piece OF pa
per, Smith threw it into the hole,
which was about two feet in diameter
at the mouth, but which ran back into
a cave of larger proportions. and was
horriied to see hundreds Of snakes
crawling about, some coiled and many
lying apparently dormant.
Within an hour the news reached
Three Forks and hunters came armed
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

seeds. When sure that the reproduction
has been acquired, proceed with the secon
dary cut, taking but one tree in two to
three, more or less, depending upon whether
spring 1rosts are to be feared. A secondary
cut may be necessary in the judgment of the
forester, two years later, before proceeding
with the final cut. Clearance of the seedlings
Is almost always necessary, as the young oak
is slow and apt to be beaten out by young
peeches and naples during the first few years
OF lts INFANCY. Thinning: Up to the age of
low thickets the stand can be left very dense
but from that time on proceed drastically in
favor OF the dominant trees, intervening when
you see culture necessary to aid them, and in
general leaving enough of the dominated and
suppressed trees to protect the trunks of your
dominants-the trees of the future. Return in
ten years. or earlier if conditions are favora-
BILE, and take out all dead and dominated trees
and all of the dominants that are getting
crooked or being left behind, the rule being to
keep the tops of your best trees always with
little space to meet in, which space is filed
with second stage dominated trees. Leave in
the beech sub-growth and any other tolerant
trees which add leaf-fall to the humus The
trees will reach eight inches diameter in thirty
years and you will thin about one hundred per
acre every trip. From that time on they add
a great deal more to their volume every year,
since they grow new ring all around the
trunk, which by this time is over two feet in
circumference OF course, as you will start
with a forest with some grown trees on it,
you will arrange it SO as to always have some
mature cutting to do. well as thinning cuts
on all other sections The management of a
forest is always a paying proposition, so long
as you choose to keep at it, and while you will
never see the final crops cut of the sections
that you regenerated, you have had good
deal of business out Of the old forest and the
thinning cuts of the new, and yc1lr forest
woodlot has increased in value. hot deterior
ated, under your hands.
Closely allied to the white oak and sold
with it, is tue Swamp White Oak, 9uercus bi
color, good for your wet soils and creek bot
toms. Know 1t by the heavy-ended. Slightly
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

lobed leaf, and the
rather small bottle
shaped acorns, in
pairs on a stem
anywhere from an
inch to t b r e e
inches long. The
leaf is something
like that of the
black jack, but the
acorn, the bark
and the size of the
tree will prevent
confusing 1t. A
third tree in the
white oak class is
the Burr Oak, but
with harder and
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
CAVE CROWDED WITH SNAKES

stead settler, who ran all the way to
Three Forks to report the find and to
get assistance. At least one hundred
men and boys went to the scene and
three hundred rattlers of all sizes were
killed.
Smith was prospecting in the gulch
when he saw a rattlesnake crawl in
to hole several yards above his head
on the slope Of the ravine. For years.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

tougher wood. 1t is also called the over-cup
oak, technical name quercus macrocarpa. Leaf
has big lobed head with two very deep
notches about halfway down. Bark of twigs
always has corky wings, and the acorn is very
large with scaly fringed cup. This tree grows
across the whole United States to Montana, as
far south as the latitude of New York City, par
allel 40 degrees. All these white oaks will
grow sylviculturally under the same treat
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

trees have many little tufts Of twigs up and
down the trunk, which will develop into side
branches if the least sun gets down to them.
The wood is strong and fine-no comparison
with such a brashy specimen as the red oak.
Just try the two with a plane and saw. and
report on the difference in working. None but
sharp-edged tools need apply with white oak.
In forestry the white oak that Is, its equiva-
lent quercus robur is grown. pure. in big for
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
Humorous Thrust.

'HOW-"
The savage chief held a glittering
spear near the captive missionary.
do you like this?'
His tone was not facetious, but the
captive was undismayed
We'll, If you ask me"
He glanced at the weapon, the pro
Dinquity of which was not comforting.
1t goes against my stomach"
Unfortunately, however, the cap
tive was in locality where there is
no market for humor, and the end
came soon.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

reaches maturity.
The thinning cuts
are worth about
one-third the value
of the final crop.
This little outline
will give an idea Of
how much knowl-
edge and judgment
is demanded of the
forester. Unless he
knows exactly what
he is doing, the
method is danger
Gus and apt to re-
suit In failure of th,s
reproduction. requsa
ing excessive plant
Ing. In France sue
cessive generations
of forests have
worked 1t out to a
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
BY
WarreDA.MiIIer

ests in Europe. Seeding
cut somber, giving a quite
shady forest floor with
not very many trees re-
moved. and be careful to
do 1t evenly so that no
very open spaces are left.
Scratching up the humus
with the three tined for
est rake to allow the
acorns to find plenty of
crevices to drop into is
imperative just before
the fall of the acorns.
Seeding should be COM
pl6ted In Dna foil ~
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

ment, and all seed annually. The flowers are
miserable little catkins Of green, pinheaded
howerets. in clusters of four or Ave catkins on
sheaf.
No forest would be complete without few
specimens of the chestnut-oak family. II you
pick up leaf with scalloped edges and find a
big acorn with long oval nut, over an inch
long, with fine, scalp cup, that's q. prinus, the
Chestnut oak. 1t has very strong, hard wood.
durable in soil and water, used for fencing
and railroad ties. Bark is fine for tanning op-
erations and it grows we'll as simple or stand
ard coppice, as described in my previous series
on European Forestry. Another form Of chest
nut oak is known as Yellow oak, with leaf
startlingy like the chestnut ITSELF but tbs
acorn gives it away. The illustration shows
a representative leaf. Both the chestnut oat
are annual seeders and their value in forestry
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

see a patch or brown
foliage amid the
bare tree trunks,
it's either a white
oak or a beech.
Look under the tree
in early October or
late September and
find the long oval
acorn, brown and
light yellow. They
grow usually in
pairs with a rough
knobby cup, not
scaled. bowl shaped.
The bark is light
gray, som e W b a t
rough and VOunp
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
Posse In Montana Seizes Chance {,
Wipe Out Dreaded Menace to the
Community.

The citizens Of this community were
highly xcited yesterday by a discov
cry of a den of hundreds of rattle
snakes in the side of Rattlesnake
Gulch on the Peoples ranch, several
miles from the city The discovery
vss Uade by Amos Smith, a home
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

and with one rattle each. The part.
was about to leave, when one maj
fired a shotgun blindly into the de,
and long pole brought into u.s.
pulled fifty more dead reptiles fror
the hoie-Three Fork (Mont) Lette
to the Butte Miner.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
nN4

right handy to good transportation and con-
tinually producing annual yield. would be
IDEAL for the trees grow so straight that ev-
erything from the three-inch trimmings up to
the sixteeninch fullgrown trees are market
able at profitable rates and have their use in
the economy Of the national life Of Germany.
The trees reach sixteen-nch diameter in sixty
year revolutions, are protected from fire along
the railroad right-ofway by fire borders and
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

have but little
fire risk and no
patrol expenses,
as something is
always going on
In nearly all the
sections so that
there are plenty
Of W 90 d s m e n
about to head off
incipient fl r g s.
When we get a
sane system Of
state forest taxa
ton taxing only
the value of the
yearly Trimmings
and the final for
est crop, such
forestry will be-
cOna an aStah-
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

small private tracts, is a
combination of the French
system with ordinary se-
lective forestry, that is,
taking out ripe trees here
and there as they ma
ture. II you have q fair
sprinkling of good oaks
on your woodlot, there is
no reason why you should
not encourage them a lit
tie by giving them a
chance to extend. II you
have a tract of barren
land hardly worth pastur-
age and for which the tax
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

and pliabe enough when none better can b.
had for the purpose. In conclusion, l wouls
mention the Post Oak of the Southwest the
white" oak of that section, deeply lobeG
(seven); strong wood; small, sweet acorn
scale-cupped.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
New Commandment

Senator Penrose. apropos of Presi-
dent Taft's anti-monopoly message.
said the other day. with smile:
In the past We We're forbidden to
put our trust in riches. but now we
are forbidden also to put our riches
in trusts"
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

white oak, The
name pin oai
comes from its val.
ue for tree nails fot
house building.
Two more oak
that have their OWE
pecniiarities are this
Willow Oak, q.
phellos, with tiny
scale-cupped acorna
and long willow-liks
leaves, and the Shin.
gle Oak, with per-
fectly smooth mag.
nolia-like lie aves
smooth bark and
small shallow-cupped
acorns. Both OF
these woods split
easily, and the will
low oak is tough
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
IL You Are a 1rifle Sensitive

About the size of your Shoes, you can
wear a size smaller by shaking Aliens Foot
Ease, the antiseptic powder, into them.
Just the thing for Dancing Parties and for
Breaking in New Shoes. Sample Free.
Address Allen S. Olmsted, lie Roy, n. Y.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

The simple life is best. Let your only
medicine be Garfield Tea, the pure and
proven remedy. All druggists.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

kept for purely commercial
forestry. ] am sure our people
would not want our forests to
be like those / saw this year
during an extensive trip over
the German forests. where
only three out of over two
hundred forests were by nat
ural reproduction, all the rest
being planted. For the lum-
herman these forests. located
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

science for the eight species of trees that are
used in their forestry operations. We will ac-
cumulate this experience for our own species
In time.
But the kind of forestry which We can begin
to practice right now, both in woodlots and in
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

10 best in the
shape of tan-bark
coppice.
A widely dis
tributed and in
teresting oak, but
of no value in
forestry is the
Black Jack. You
will know 1t at
s / g h t by t h g
blunt-ended leaf
with three lobes,
gh bla c X
bark S m o o t b
higher up the
tree) and small
stemless a corn
with scaly cup.
AS a woodsman,
- - 1
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
Bears the
Her Opportunity.

Edith-Isn't Alice the lucky girl
Just as she had decided to throw Jack
over he broke the engagement.
Tom-Well? -
Edith-Well, now she's going to sue
him for breach of promise.
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

PILES CURED IN TO II DAYS
Your druggist will refund money IL PAZO OIETl
MENT fails to cure any case of Itching, Blind
Rleeding or Protruding Piles in To Ii days. 800
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15
Modest.

Modest.
What a modest nan he Isl"
"Why?"
'He got raise in pay the otAer d
and didn't claim that 1t was s"1<7r
itsd"
The Ely miner., 1912-03-15

Ornamental penmanshlp is also q
dourishing industry.