The Birmingham age-herald., 1912-10-01
Russia Expects Hostilities


 mobilization of the armies of Burgaria, Servia and Greece probably will mean immediate war, according to the be- lief In political circles here. The nature of Turkeys military activity in the last few days is taken to- mean that she in- tends to make war and in that case tho Balkan coalition naturally has lore b5 the rapid concentration of troops.
 The opinion is held here that the ac- tion of tue Balkan states has resulted from the inability of the powers to deal with the situation. Conversations the Russian foreign minister. M- Saz- onoff, has had in London apparently have been barren. It is understood Russia has taken an adequate view of the crisis and has proposed the radical remedy of putting into effect the treaty of Berlin, providing for introduction in the European provinces of Turkey of a statute giving a measure of self-gov- ernment under a provincial governor general controlled by the powers.
 Russias proposal was communicated to Turkey by NJ. De Giers, the am bassador to Austria Hungary Great Britain showed herself willing to talk reforms in Macedonia in a general way without committing herself to anything definite. Frances answer Is due tomor- row and her attitude Is expected to be St1ll more CONSERVATIVES Dtlnk ulctdttu mainly by considerations of finance.
 England Is Inactive
 More was expected of Great Britain. where for years sympathetic interest was accorded the Macedonian cause The principal task of the powers, in case hostilities actually break out, will be to localize thtir scope, as Italy was forced to localize hers to limited area.
 The immediate danger depends upon the possible action of Roumania, in- stigated by Austria Hungary. It is worth noting that the King of Rou- mania was today named as a field mar shal of the Russian army. an honor now held only by King Nicholas of Montenegro. The. Emperor's ukase niak- ing this appointment was printed in special issue of the war office organ, Russky Invalid Upon Russia virtual ly devolves the burden of keeping Aus tfia and Roumania outside the ropes Confidence prevails that the condition of the Russian armaments Is now such that she will be able to fulfill her mis- sion Upon this belief the action of the Balkan states Is doubtless based. It is further expected that Russia will neutraliae the Black Sea basin, there by preventing the Turks from carry ing out landing operations on the Bull garian coast or from cutting it's com munication with Russia by sea. The crisis finds the Emperor and Empress at Bieloviezh. near the Austrian from tier The minister of war General soukhomlinof. is passing the season in Crimea, while Premier Kokovsoff Will leave the capital tomorrow for a fortnights absence.
 The Austrian View A
 Vienna, September 30---At the sit- ting of the Austrian delegation today County yon Berchthold. foreign min ister, when asked whether if was true that mobilization orders had been ls-: sued, replied
 Up to the present We have only heard from Sofia that an order for general mobilization was issued this afternoon. No Information of sim liar kind has yet reached us from Bel grade or Athens. although tho situa- tlon at these, places cannot be de- scribed as less serious.
 Y would point out" continued the foreign minister. that between order ing the mobilization and the beginning of hostilities there are the weighty efforts of the great powers which are being directed toward nllayfng the dangers arising from such situations The powers will continue to work for the maintenance of peace"
 Russian Troops Mobilize
 St Petersburg. October 1.---An impe- rial ukase ie published today calling 10 the colors the reservists in 22 districts in Poland as a test of mobilizat ton The call. it Is calculated, applies to 221.6s0 men The ukase is dated at Bordorino. and states that the reserves are called simply to test the percentage of arr ~tx 1o md Yho Ia ,ff