davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

ness and sufficient toughness to with
stand the saving and grinding without
splitting and to undergo polishing with
out being left too thin for the button.
The pearl button factories have a special
kind of machinery which itself supports
a not inconsiderable manufacture for this
sole market.
Besides the common pearl buttons.
which sell in the stores for to 10 cents
a dozen. according to size. the mussels
yield incidental products of considerable
value. Some shells which cannot be eco
nomically cut into button blanks, as the
first rough disks are called. can be ad-
vantageously used for knife handles.
buckles and such things. Others contain.
in the hinge OF the valves. the irregular
pieces of nacre called slugs, or baroques.
which are used for scarf pins. hat pins.
brooches and various other kinds Of m
expensive ornament. Still others occa-
sionally contain pearls of genuine value.
As everybody knows. the famous fresh
water pearl, worth $4,000 which was set
for the Empress Eugenie, came from a
mussel in a Wisconsin river.
There is, indeed, pearl fishery asso-
ciated with the mussel fishery proper,
as well as independent Of 1t and sporadic
1t is very uncertain calling, naturally,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

circle Of friends through her yearly visits
To his home The wedding was quietly
celebrated in New York, and only few
relatives and friends were present
This event occurred during rather busy
days from legislative standpoint and
the senator had to hurry back to the
Capitol to take up the thread of public
duty temporarily sundered by cupid. But
when occasion permitted Mr.. Warren
took his bride on an extended and en-
tirely unique honeymoon tour. In the
whirl of a winter in which one delightful
function followed another, when friends
WED with each other to show her honor
for her own sake and for that of her
husband. Mrs. Warren looks back on that
trip through Wyoming last summer as
something so wonderful and enhancing
that It seemed almost a dream.
Senator Warren timed his departure
from Washington In order that Mrs.
Warren could be present at that famous
Wyoming frontier show. a westernized
idea Of q country fair with the decided
difference that everything Is merely for
exhihltion and nothing for sale. This
shaw has IeuG hsen celebrated. and pso-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

and build their cities where no white
man has trod before them.
after this delightful experience in
Cheyenne, Senator Warren had arranged
what turned out to be perfect way to
see some Of the fine state which is to be
my home Those who have never trav-
eled In the overland trains, which eat up
the distance between the Atlantic and the
Pacific oceans, miss much pleasure. These
trains were a revelation to me. The end
car is made of glass, an observation car
which might be termed boudoir or a
veranda in an elegantly appointed home.
There are revolving chairs, small movable
tables. reading matter, all that one needs
for comfort when ordinary duties have
been suspended. We travelled in this lux
ury until we reached the small town of
Cody named for the scout, Buffalo Bill.
But on the way I was delighted with
glimpses of agricultural country, for
Wyoming has now turned attention to the
soil, and the days of the great cattle
ranges are gone. Ranches seem incredi-'
bly, far apart, but we would pass small
settlements Of two or three houses, and
invariably large, substantial school
house. l am told that these schools are
wen uIleu, tnOuSn the surrounding cOun-
try seemed to be entirely depopulated.
There were comforting number of spires
pointing upward and proclaiming that
things spiritual claim as much attention
as material development. At Cody we
changed from the luxurious train to q
motor car. and thus began our tour to
the objective point Of our journey. the
National Yellowstone Park.
Il thought myself quite adventuresome
to start on such an expedition without
troop Of cavalry In the rear, but Wyom-
ing of today Is far removed from Wyom-
ing Of wild west stories, and can claim
only one or two experiences One was
the capsizing OF the motor car. but we all
escaped with few scratches: and the
other was that the train was held up by
a washout. No Indians or bold. bad men
impeded our progress. and though IL
would be quite proper to be able to re-
late bloodcurdling escapes. we accepted
their loss quite philosophically After
speeding for day through glorious noun
tain scenery we spent the night In q
small log cabin Only then realized that
We had left cities and modern conditions
fAr behind and reached the heart of nar
tpra The sabeolHtA Wtldneas ara t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

a genuine western welcome and nothing
can better express her satisfaction with
her new domi"ile than the fact that
though she feared inconsistencies for the
east, she found life too attractive and
busy for the tiniest regrets, and when
she returned to Washington in December
she found herself homesick for the west.
for the bracing air. for the hustle and
glorious scenery which added 80 much
Joy to life.
Wyoming, as every one knows" said
Mrs. Warren. came into the Union CIV
ing the rights of citizenship to women.
I must confess little curiosity on the
subject. since one hears very different
opinions on the advisability of giving both
sexes equal civic rights. and wished to
see for myself how the problem works
out I found the women dignified and
earnest about everything. especially SO
about the ballot. They do not regard the
matter as q joke, nor does the way in
which they exercise the privilege sug-
gest a joke. They have used the ballot
for forty years, with results which must
commend them to every impartial per-
son. They vote in the brisk, capable way
In which they perform every obligation.
They do not talk unnecessarily about pol
itics. but they know the theme in all it's
phases. and when they vote it is with full
knowledge OF all that pertains to 1t. l
am not yet entitled to exercise the ballot,
but was deeply impressed by the capa-
Bile women whom talked with and in
ciined to revise some opinions
Senator and Mrs. Warren reside at
the New Willard On the ninth floor.
where curve Of the edifice reveals the
winding Potomac on one side and the
beautiful expanse Of Pennsylvania avenue
with the Capitol building at the other.
The senator has resided here since the
hotel was built and before that in the
old Willard, now only memory. Though
Mrs. Warren would prefer q home, she
finds that the uncertain hours kept by q
busy lawmaker make 1t expedient to
place the responsibility Of dinners on a
hotel dining room. Fond OF books. paint
ings and flowers, this apartment Is
bower of beauty and one Of the f4voFite
spots on senatorial calling day.
Mrs. Warren's mother IL the sister Of
Associate Justice Henry G. Brown, a10
tha& homo ~ always open 70 the SENATOR.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

and very destructive to mussel beds. since
quantities of shells must be opened with
out finding a pearl. There were, how.
ever. $500. 600 worth of pearls found I'm
1908, which compares somewhat closely
with the $3a2,C00 earned by the mussel
fishermen for their 81, $4,000 pounds OF
shells. OF both shells and pearls. far
the largest total value comes from Illi-
nois streams.
The mussel experts of the bureau or
fisheries are collecting data as to the
species of muses. most prolific Of pearls
and expect to apply this information I'm
connection with the environment In the
different localities. A worm parasite is
known to be the cause of the pearl by
means Of the Irritation its presence occa-
sions to the mussel 1t may be pos
sible eventually to inoculate mussels with
this parasite for the purpose of pro-
ducing pearls. or to plant them in a To-
cality known to be infected with this. or
ganism. The similar problem in the case
of the pearl oyster of the orient has not
yet been fully solved. but there seems
reason to believe the difficulties might
be less in the case of the fresh water
mussel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

grades. which are worth at extremes
Sill to $64 ton, but for the most part
range from $50 to $40 per tom Else
where, perhaps. the shells are thin or
ill-shaped, and worth much less. It is
an interesting fact that the govern
ment's expert who has so far made
such appraisements was ]. F. Boepple.
who died recently in Muscatine, the man
who established the first fresh-water
pearl button factory in this country, but.
through misfortunes in the industry
which he had turned into fortunes for
others. spent his last years dependent
upon the salary the government pays
for such services.
The quality of the mussel shell for but
ton purposes Is matter not only of the
species. apparently. but has some relation
to the abundant limestone in the soil OF
the Mississippi river beds. At all events,
the eastern states. except Connecticut.
produce no mussel shells sufficiently hard
or thick to be useful. It takes the mig
gerhead" and ''mucket," chiefly. Of the
middle west. with also the sand she'll
and "deerhOrn," to furnish suitable white
or cream-colored nacre, suitable thick
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28


l. NJ D S T ev cry
Washington en-
plOye Of the bu-
reau of fisheries
has. at some time
In his or her ex-
perience-especial-
ly her experience
been asked what
sort of work was
done in that old
red brick building
down in the Mall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

CHE Was Well Known
- Here Socially Prior to
Her Marriage Last June
Was Miss Clara Morgan,
Daughter of the Late John S.
Morgan of New York-She Is
Young, Cultured, Much Trav-
eled and An Acquisition to
the Senatorial Coterie.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

The notion counter and the more elabo-
rate button counter as we'll will be con-
siderably affected by some recent &C
tivities Of the government fisheries serv-
ice. Most of the pearl buttons are made
Of fresh-water pearl, which is yielded by
the shells of fresh-water mussels. The
mussel fishery. supporting as 1t does a
manufacturing industry with an annual
output of millions. of gross Of a very
necessary article, is SO important g. mat
ter that the bureau of fisheries has built
and equipped laboratory and mlssel
culture station especially In its behalf.
Up to twenty years ago. however. this
industry did not. exist. Except the ex-
pensive real, pearl buttons. made from
the United States had to come from
abroad-where they were cheap enough in
the markets, but were subject to pro-
hibitive duty in the American custom
German named Boepple. came to this
country and built button factory at
Muscatine, Iowa.
This was the beginning of the mussel
fishery Of the Mississippi valley and OF
the fresh water pearl button industry of
the United States. These ordinary mus
sells, or fresh-water CLAIMS. familiar to
every youngster who ever waded the
creeks, had remained in their abundance
all those years unutilized. Today they
support $50 factories, which employ some
500 people, and represent nearly $780,
ono Of capital. Their products are worth
about 100000 year.
Except Connecticut, none of the eastern
states produces the kind Of mussels that
possess shells suitable for buttons. The
productive region is the Mississippi val
ley, chiefly the great river itself. and the
Ohio, Wabash and Illinois. This throws
the biggest part of the industry, fishing
and manufacturing combined, to the
states of Iowa, Illinois and Indiana. But
New York has the largest button fac
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

them are worth while, and l could not
recommend one more than another. The
inns and hotels in the park are owned by
the government. but are leased by private
Americans demand. whether they travel
in north, south. east or west. The food
is excellent, prepared with skill and
bountiful, and there Is every luxury
which modern ingenuity can suggest
"All through the park these comfortable
inns or hotels are scattered, and make
the tour as easy and health-giving as
though one were travelling In the oldest
country of the old world. The old Faith
full Inn. near the geyser of the same
name. appealed to me because Of its
quaintness. This geyser, which bursts
forth every hour into a lofty stream, the
vapor of which turns to every hue In the
sunlight, Is justly considered one OF the
wonders of the world. This continual
phenomenon has been noted since this
wonderful region became known. Sitting
leisurely on the porch of the old Faithful
Inn, a megaphone informs you that the
geyser is about to burst forth. and
scarcely have you turned to look when
the volume of boiling water streams up
ward in the clear, bright sunlight. They
say that those who live near Niagara
Falls are no longer impressed with its
wonders. Perhaps those who reside for
long near the Old Faithful geyser might
get used to its magic effects. But it did
not seem possible To me-
-
Senator and Mrs. Warren explored the
Yellowstone thoroughly. not the first time
for. the former. as he made one Of the
first journeys into this enchanted region
when its resources were exploited by the
United States geological survey. They
spent part Of the time in tents. and then
would change OF to hotels and INNS
They went horseback for some days and
then would join pedestrian parties.
Mrs. Warren has secured number of
Views Of her favorite spots in this vast
laboratory Of nature and she has taken
the trip over and over this winter de-
scribing her experiences to her friends.
Senator Warren hasa pleasant home in
Cheyenne and there he took his bride
after this tour Of the National Park.
Mrs. Warren Is enthusiastic over Wyom-
ing and especially its capital city. She
found tho high atmosphere q tonic after
the prolonged heat Of the east last sum-
MAJ. Her ns1Ghhcus and friends Eave hnr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28
THE CARE OF GLOVES.

made OF mixture OF a few drops OF
sweet Oil and an equal quantity OF black
ink.
Light-colored suedes may be washed
and dried on the hands. using soap boiled
In milk as q suds. and rubbing them with
flannel, then, with warm water. and
finally dry flannel. Clean slightly son.
ed suede gloves with cornmeal or dry
bread, rubbing it over them, and then u.s.
ing a clean piece of white flannel
White or yellow chamois or castor
gloves. which will be extensively worn this
coming summer. may be washed in warm
suds. first rubbing the most soiled spots
with magnesia- Rinse in water OF the
same temperature. to which Is added olive
oil in the proportion of a tablespoonful to
a quart of water. When dry they will be
like new. Another good way to clean
channels gloves is to soak in solution
OF weak soda and warm water for two
hours then rub until clean. Rinse In a
weak solution Of soda and yellow soap IN
warm water. Wiring the gloves out well
In q rough towel and dry quickly, then
pull and brush well.
To dry cleaned channels gloves. spread
them out SO that they may be easily
rub with powdered fuller's earth; then
cover with the same powder and lay In
closed box to remain four or I'VE days.
Brush out the fuller's earth and ono win
spiration.
When washing white silk gloves, do
not rub the soap directly on them, but
make suds and wash the gloves IN that.
The water should be lukewarm, not hot.
Rinse In cold water A dash Of blufng
added to the rinsing water VIII keep the
gloves white. Do not IRON. but dry
them In the air and press with the
fingers. II they are not to be worn
at once, wrap them IN blue paper and
lay away.
and address On the inside Of your njoyoas
II may insure Their. return, e. lot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

voiceless solitude awed me even more
than the wonders Of the park did after
ward. The cabin was well stocked with
food, and there was a fine cook to pre-
pare 1t. Banquets In palaces are not to
be named with the feast spread in one
OF these log cabins at the foot of rugged
mountains. The ranches, which dot the
landscape, are treasure houses for the
tourist. Chickens. fresh eggs. home cured
hams, and vegetables fresh and dried are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28
By MARGARET 3. DOWNING.

SOCIAL event of
last June which
was of supreme in
terest. was the
marriage of Sena-
tor Francis T..
Warren OF Wyom-
ing and Miss Clara
Morgan. niece of
Associate Justice
Henry C. Brown,
now retired, well
known to a large
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

and his wife. Mrs. Warren as a young
girl spent all her holidays In her uncles
home and after completing her education
at Mrs. Hazen's seminary at Pelham
Manor; New York, she has passed the
greater part Of every winter here. She
made her debut here in her uncle's home
and was presented to her mothers cir
Gle of friends in New York city and New
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

London, Conn. It was here that she met
Senator Warren some years ago. Mrs.
Warren Is attractive in person and In
manner. She has q girlish appearance.
takes g. wholesome interest In life and
has a contagious enthusiasm. Immedi-
ately after the adjournment of Congress
she will accompany her husband to the
home in Cheyenne.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28
MRS. FRANCIS EMORY WARREN.

MRS. FRANCIS EMORY WARREN.
all to be obtained and awaiting the mo-
tors which climb from Cody upward to-
ward the park.
There are three ways to see this mag
nihcent government playground. One IL
to rent everything yourself. plan your
own. tour and select your camping
grounds at pleasure. The second il to
permit the companies which possess gov
eminent concessions to provide you with
horses and guides. and the third Is to
hire complete camping outfit and guides
to conduct you through with least loss Of
oene and 1ecross1nG yogr path. Any Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

tories, with an output worth nearly
$2,OOO.O00 year, made from raw material
furnished by the Mississippi region. New
Jersey manufactures buttons to the value
Of $4S1 600 and Pennsylvania, 1898. 100.
The pearl button industry, however,
like every other enterprise dependent
upon natural resource, developed its
conservation problem. There were still
was plain there would not always be.
The mussel fishermen, with their crow
foot dredges and the cheerful improve
dence that characterizes the whole fish,
ing brotherhood, captured small mussels
along with the large ones, and though
the thin, immature shells are valueless
for buttonmaking, they were seldom put
back in the water to mature. The future
be sought in one or both Of the two pos
sible ways-protection of the beds by
legal restriction of fishing, or increase of
the supply by some method of cultiva-
ton IL that should be practically pos
sible.
So the government was appealed to by
the pearl button manufacturers, and the
result is today a mussel culture station
at Fairport, Iowa, which it is intended
shall restock the depleted streams and
establish new mussel beds in suitable To-
calftfes.
This kind of achievement has necessa-
rily been chiefly the work of biologists,
and was naturally the task of the United
States bureau of fisheries. That bureau
employed specialists who have given sew
eral years to the problem. and though
admittedly they have made but a be-
ginning, it is beginning which makes
practical results. Prof. George Lefevre
and Prof. Winterton C. Curtis of the
University Of Missouri have done the
chief part Of the work. experimenting in
their laboratories at Columbia and at the
laboratories of the government
The first step in an attempt toward
artificial propagation Of any kind Of ami
NAL is to discover the most hazardous
period of its life. And If the animal
point OF attack is clearly indicated to
be in the early stages Of the animals
growth. The fresh-water mussel carries
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

think Of 1t when she buys dozens Of thu
white disks sewed in their neat rows OF
cards and lying on the notion counter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-28

ruptured, the larval shell. now de-
veloped into a young mussel with
rim of adult growth and full-fiedged
adult habits. drops OF and settles upon
the bottom for an independent exist
ence. II it falls upon unsuitable bot
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1912-06-04
AVIATOR AND PASSENGER DIE
VETERAN AlRMAN AND ARMY
LIEUTENANT ARE VICTIMS.
Accident Happened on Turn, PrePae
atory to Start on Long
Journey.

Bremen, June 3.-Albert Buchstaet'
ter, one of the best known German
aviators, and his passenger, Lieuten'
ant Stille of the German army, were
killed when their monoplane plunged
to the ground just after starting on
the Northwest Aviation circuit of 425
miles.
The monoplane, guided by Buch'
staetter, rose and was taking a curve
preparatory to Strengthening out for
the long journey, when the accident &C.
Cured. Apparently the aviator over
banked his machine. The monoplane
dropped SO heavily that it was halt
buried in the earth and had to be TAX
en- apart before the bodies OF the two
men could be extricated.
Fifteen professional aviators, with
members of the army aviation corps
as passengers, had entered the con.
test, but after the accident the flight
was abandoned. The calamity was
witnessed by distinguished gather
ing, among which was the grand duke
of Oldenburg.
Buchstaetter was an experienced
aviator, who made several notable
flights during 1911.
American Aviator Killed.
Dayton, Ohio.-Phil Parmalee, the
Wright aviator, was killed Saturday
by a fall from his aeroplane at North
Yakimafi Wash.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1912-06-04
FIRE ON cARMAN1A.
Flames Nearly Destroy Ocean Liner
Lying In Dock at Liverpool.

Liverpool, June "a serious fre
broke out on the Cun%rd steamer Car
mania, lying at her dock. The fire
was confined to the saloon quarters
which were practically destroyed. The
damage is estimated at many thou.
sands of dollars. The hull was not in.
jured. The origin OF the fire is not
known.
The scheduled sailing of the Car
mania, June 4, has been cancelled.
The Carmania had narrow escape
from total destruction. The flames
lowered above the bridge and smoke
poured from every aperature amid.
ships. At one time volumes of smoke
arose from six different points, so rap
Idly did the flames work from cabin
to cabin. Several tugs came to the
assistance of the firemen and so much
water was poured into the vessel that
she listed heavily and was prevented
from capsizing only by her mornings.
Much apprehension was caused by .
report that the Carmania had 1,OOO
barrels of oil aboard.
Repairs will likely occupy couple
Of months.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1912-06-04

with cheers The list included the
aid Square, the Hofbrau, Moquin's two
places and the two Bustanoby restau-
rants.
A large number of other places were
on the list for a strike, but it was de-
clared that the walkouts were held of.
managers deny the figures which the
union men gave out, but all were in
sistent that the strike had embar-
raised them less than the. union
claims.
President Reed. of the Hotel Mems
association confirmed the report that
hundreds of negroes were being
brought from the south and reiterated
the declaration that the association
would absolutely refuse to recognize
the union.
At the strikers mass meeting Will
liam d. Haywood, Joseph Ellis, organ
lzer of the strike, and Secretary Ed
ward Blochlinger made speeches.
Haywood said he wanted to congrat
ulate the strikers on their fight al
ready won," and said he was reliably
Informed that "even Judge Gary of
the steel trust went into hotel where
he was we'll known and was unable
to get so plain an order as ham and
eggs.
The Judge never dreamed that a
waiter was as big as he," continued
Haywood, but l tell you if you stand
together you are bigger than the whole
steel trust"