davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

House purely revenue measure.
You could not destroy the
iron and steel business of this
country if you put every item
in it on the free list. This great in
dustry is able to sustain itself, and,
more than that, it has a protection
in large part of this country, not
due to legislative enactments, but
due to the law of gravity"
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Sugar.

006dAs
In Difference to a very general and
persistent demand on the part of con-
sumers, the committe placed sugar on
the tree list in the Underwood bill.
which passed the House March IS, 1912.
whereby the consumers would save dur
ing year not less than one hundred
and fifteen millions of dollars from STU
gar prices and, if enacted. will sub
stantially reduce the cost of living. The
tariff tax on sugar amounts TO about
IA cents per pound. AS this entire
tax enters into the price of sugar to the
consumer 1t is easy to estimate the con-
sumer's burden because of tariff duties
on sugar. The consumption Of sugar in
continental United States amounted in
1911 to about 7 ,663, 100000 pounds, and the
application of IA cents per pound to
this consumption affords an estimated
saving TO the American consumers from
placing sugar on the free list of not less
than $1l5,O00,OO0 during the first year
under this bill. (See House Report, No.
39l, Sixty-second Congress, lst SEES
sion.)
In the speech of Honorable Oscar w.
Underwood on the Sugar Bill, delivered
in the House of Representatives, March
Ii, 1912, he said:
81 do not believe any bill has been
presented to this House or will be
presented that more clearly marks
the dividing line between the two
great political parties of this coun-
try than does the bill presented for
consideration. The minority mem
bers of the Ways and Means Com
mittee contend that we are about TO
DESTROY tnI,cfr,,.
industry has a vested right in the
taxes levied at the customs house.
The position the Republican party
has always taken is that such taxes
are for the benefit of industries and
going one step further il is but
natural for them TO recognize vest
cd interest in the power to tax the
American people for special privi-
leges. On the other hand, the party
that / represent on this floor have
never contended that it is legitimate
to levy taxation for any other pur-
pose than TO raise revenue for sup
porting the Government of the United
States. We have never recognized
any man or any industry as
owning the vested right in their
pie Your party, the descenda
of the Federalists and Wings,
have attempted to engraft, and have
engrafted on the legislative his
tory of this country those princi-
pies brought here from the English
Crown" "The American
people were taxed $52OOOOOO at the
customs houses in 1911 and over
$600OOOOO by the refners and pro-
ducers of sugar to maintain this in
dustry"
The resulting loss of revenue amount
ing to about ffty-three millions of dol
lars for 1911, was cared for by the I'm
der wood excise bill.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

The figures of this table are based
upon official statistics of the Govern
ment. The consumption statistics are
obtained by combining the production
and import figures and deducting the
exports The production figures used are
those of the u. S. Census Bureau, the
compilation are as published by the
Bureau of Statistics of the Department
of Commerce and Labor. Except in
the cost of sugar, where according to
the testimony, the full amount of the
duty went into the price paid by the
consumers, it has been the plan to
reckon that the duty has been so per
cent effective in increasing prices.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

These figures indicate that the value
OF the articles included in the free
List Bill consumed in this country dur
ing year, amount to $2,760000O00,
and assuming that the tariff is effective
in increasing prices to the extent of
one-half the rate of duty, the burden
carried by the people because of the
tariff on these articles amounts to
$39O,O16,OOO, which is II per cent of the
estimated total consumption value.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Cotton.

The Underwood bill passed the House
at the first session of this Congress.
to reduce the ad valorem rate
on cotton manufactures from 1912 per
cent to 200 per cent, reduction OF
the tariff burdens under this one sched-
ule from not less than two hundred
millions to about one hundred and
twelve millions of dollars for wear or
a saving of about $S8,0O0OOO for a r.
month period. The estimated loss in
revenue, because of this very material
and much-needed relief to the people
would have cost the Treasury only about
three millions of dollars, which means
that for every dollar lost to the Treas
ury by the enactment of this bill. the
tax burdens of the people would have
been lessened by about 5000.
In the report of the Ways and Means
Committee on the cotton bill blouse
Report No. 65, Sixty-second Congress
lst Sess), submitted by Mr.. Under.
wood to the House Of Representatives
is this statement:
eff it is assumed that only about
one-half of the rate Of duty is ac-
tually effective, that is, increases do
mestic prices, and, of course, the
duty is only protective in proportion
as it really does raise domestic
prices, then it may be estimated that
the domestic consumption is in
creased in price to the people
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Chemicals.

The Underwood bill revising the
Chemical Schedule passed by the House
at this session of Congress made
thorough Overhauling of this very anti
quated schedule. The bill not only cor
reefs the numerous defects in the CLASH
hcations OF the schedule, but makes a
systematic adjustment of rates in the
light of the present industrial condi-
tons of the various businesses, as we'll
as IN the interest of the consumers.
To this end a careful study was made
of the chemical free list, and low rates
of duty were levied upon non-competi-
tive articles not produced in this coun-
try, with the view of having them share
in equitable taxation for revenue pur-
poses. The chemicals used in the tex
tile industries were given special atten-
ton, an adjustment being made in &C
cordance with the revision of the cotton
schedule proper. This plan was also
observed with regard to the wool in
dustry, the paper industry, and special
consideration was given to the interest
OF the consumer, in the matter of the
chemicals and drugs used for medicines.
The revision of the chemical schedule, if
enacted into law, would effect a saw
ing TO American consumers of about
$l7,0O0,O00, and at the same time the
revenue to the Government would be
increased by about 100000 (See
House Report No. $50, Sixty-second
Congress, lst SESSION.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Review of Work of Sixty-Second
Congress.


Congress.
The principal promises on which the
Democrats won this election were:
% To revise and liberalize the rules
of the House.
(2) To pass a bill providing for the
publication Of campaign expenses pre-
ceding elections.
60 To admit New Mexico and Ari-
xona to statehood.
90 To pass a resolution submitting
q constitutional amendment for the pop
Hlar election of United States senator's.
50 To economic in national expen-
Iitures.
(6) To revise the tariff downward 20
q revenue basis.
The thorough and business-likc way
IN which all these promises have been
kept mark a real epoch in the legisla-
tive history of this country. The rules
of the House were liberalized by the
Democrats by a radical charge in the
manner of appointing committees. The
WAYS and Means Committee was des-
ignated the committee on committees.
thus vesting in it a right which had
been lodged in every Speaker of the
House from the first to the sixty-hrst
Congress.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

81 believe that the American
manufacturer and the American
producer are entitled to a large per-
centage of the American market,
but they are not entitled to a mo-
nopoly. They are entitled to fair
opportunity to dispose of their goods
at home, but they are not entitled
to have the tariff wall built so high
that it prohibits competition and
gives them a chance, by combina-
tions at home, to exploit the Amer
lean people for the benefit of them
selves. A reasonable reduction of
the tariff to competitive basis,
where there is a chance for fair
competition to regulate prices, will
not only be beneficial to the Amer
lean people, but will increase the
revenue at the customs houses.
"The first articles we place on the
free list are agricultural implements.
Our domestic production of agricul-
tural implements amount to over
Sill, 100000; we import less than
$l65,OOO and exported during the
last fiscal year over $28,000OOO.
After paying the freight and some
times adverse tariff rates to get into
foreign countries, our manufacture
ers of these farming implements are
able to compete with manufacturers
there and sell very large percent
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Effective Leadership.

The strongest possible evidence of the
splendid work of Hon. o. W. Under
wood in framing these important bills
and in securing their speedy passage
through the House of Representatives is
afforded by the following record:
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

age of their total products.
Why do you retain the prohibitive
tax on sewing machines? A ma
chine sells in this country to the
poor working man who earns his
bread by daily toll at $50 to $50.
l am informed by men who have
been in the Oriental trade that the
same machine is laid down in the
Orient at SS.25 wholesale price. If
that tax is not in the interest of
protected monopoly, why did you
keep it in the Payne bill? You got
no revenue from it. not a dollar.
You levy tax without a dollar of
revenue and keep it there in order
that you may have a tariff wall be-
hind which monopolistic combina-
ton may thrive and flourish If this
bill passes it will allow free COM
petition between the meats of Ar
gentine and those sold by the Beef
Trust. There is no question but
that the price of meat affects great
combinations which control the meat
products of this country These
combinations fix the price of meat
according to the demands of the
market and the necessities of the
case. This is the only way we can
secure competition in meat prod
ucts. l believe this will reduce the
cost of meat products and hence
the cost of living"
In the report of the Ways and Means
Committee on the free list bill blouse
Rept No. "a, cd Congress, 1st Sess. },
presented by Mr.. Underwood, is this
statement:
an framing the measure
especial consideration has been given
to our agricultural classes and to
the masses of our population to
whom the necessities of life mean
so much. The general public are
anxious that no artificial shelter
shall be maintained to protect alb
normally high prices of food arti-
cles in any form. The bill accord
ingly places on the free list all
meats, wheat -four, seminole, rye
flour, bucl1wheat flour, corn meal.
oat meal, rolled oats, and all pre-
pared cereal foods, together with
biscuits, bread, waters, and similar
articles not sweetened, and like
wise places on the free list bran,
mlddlings, and other Offals of grain
which are important stock foods"
THUS THE BILL MET THE
WISHES OF THE FARMERS WITH
FREE AGRICULTURAL IMPLE.
MENTS AND FREE FENCE WIRE;
THE COTTON GROWERS WITH
FREE BAGGING AND TIES; THE
BUILDERS WITH FREE LUMBER
LATHES, AND SHINGLES; THE
POOR SEAMSTRESS AND THE
FARMERS WIVES WITH FREE
SEWING MACHINES; AND THE
GREAT MASSES OF CITY FOLK
PRESSED FOR FOOD AND CLOTH
ING, WITH FREE MEATS, FREE
LEATHER AND SHOES, AMI
FREE SALT.
The following tabular statement pre-
sents a summary of the results of the
tariff work of the Sixty-second Con
gress and shows in TELLING FIGURES
WHAT THE LEADERSHIP OF OS-
CAR w. UNDERWOOD HAS
MEANT FOR THE COUNTRY:
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
TABLE |.

Consumption and estimated Saving to
consumer z0hich 5VoHld haze resided
from; the enactment of the Free List
Bal:
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
TABLE 2.

Consumption, probable revenHe loss,
and estimated SaUing to consumer re-
SMlting from measures 7VIich passed the
House during the Sirty-Second Con-
greSS.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

about IS per cent. Taking
the figures of domestic consumption
based on mill and import values,
an increase of Is per cent amounts
to 500, 5o3,o73 for 1910. This would
indicate that the American people
pay annually about $200OOO.0OO
more for their cotton goods by rea-
son of the present tariff rates. The
total amount of duties collected OH
all these manufactures imported in
1910 was $38,077, 844; in 1909, $685.
OoO,40l- Hence, it would appear that
the people pay from S. to So for
every 81 paid into the Treasury in
duties on cotton manufactures"
In his speech on the Cotton Bill, de-
livered in the House of Representatives
July g. 1911, Mr.. Underwood said:
THE difference between a pro-
tective and revenue tariff is that
revenue tariff never enters the
domain of protecting profits, but
must act from that point downward.
A protective bill begins to protect
small profits, and goes up as the
Payne bill did until it protects enor-
nous profits With that definition
in view, / believe this (cotton) bill
is along the line of revenue tariff"
AS clearly pointed out by Mr. IN
1erwood in this speech, the effect OF the
bill would bring substantial relief to the
struggling for an existence by
reducing the price of clothing
and hence the cost of living.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18
Underwood's Speech.

In his speech on the Free List Bill,
delivered in the House of Representa-
tives, May 2, 1911 Congressional Rec
ord, PIP. 7o4 to 1867, Mr.. Underwood
said:
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1912-04-18

In the national election of November,
1910, the people were thoroughly
aroused against the Republican Party,
and the Democrats swept the country
Overwhelmingly. The people in thus
Tepudiating the Republicans made GER
tain demands, and in the campaign Of
that year the Democratic leaders
pledged the Party to advanced reforms
on a score of important issues.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16

Four cars will be used, three of
iem devoted to the exhibits of ma
rilinery used in road making and
n. Ge1s OF good roads with the ma
SERIALS used, stereOptican machines
@li6h will be used in giving lee
inias, and all of many things by
wItch the government hopes to i'm
Ftes upon the farmer and cityman
g. tie Southwest the great benefits
vh.lh any community derives from
Sod 4 ads.
ITO fourth a will be the home
"a the party in charge of the tour,
aFi ! will consist of representatives
&c tAa Good Roads department of
the government, a member of the
alt.onal highway commission, and,
Sc re- sible, a representative of the
~,5d ! ads organization in the state
rli.eh the tour is made.
TO Frisco has arranged for no.
l. Of the dates and places Of
~ atiEss to be advertised, and it is
i that the Importance of the
act the graphic manner in
vit' Il will be portrayed and the
81 RI cf progressiveness which so
,8~1Hely prevades the Southwest will
q ite IT, bringing a large attendance
x; .fry lecture point.
g'ha following is the proposed
IFS - for the Goods Roads
te train in the Valley:
25-Meetings 8 a. m. 2 p. m,
. I S D. m. Brownsville.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Baptist Church.

On the corner of 8th and Eliza
beth streets. Sunday school at 9:45
a. m. 1AmosuRich, superintendent.
Preaching at IL a. m. Subject: "A
Welcome for Jesus" Evening: Jun
ior B. Y. P. U. at 8, and Senior at
$40. Preaching at 1880 Subject:
Are You Prepared to Die?" Prayer
meeting Wednesday evening at 1880.
You are invited to attend these SER
vices. Emmett Cole, Pastor.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16

Now is the time for everybody to
get together and pull for Texas. We
have the best state in the union.
Let's tell others about it, so that
they can come here and share the
good things of the world with us.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Church of Immaculate Conception.

Mass at g.. z, 8, 8, and 10. The
seven o'clock and ten o'clock masses
will be read by the m~issioners. Sun
day night at 1880, sermon and bene-
diction.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16

Building permits issued by the
larger cities of the state during
February aggregate $2,055,1S3.
This sum was distributed as follows:
Houston, s956,5OO; Waco. $780,
600: Dallas, $329.32O; San Antonio.
$3.50, 141; Fort Worth, S106, 98S;
Ell Paso, $4,000; Austin $44,117;
Galveston, $18,097.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
You Need Glasses

if you are tired easily while looking at a small OBJ
ject you need a pair Of glasses, don't fool with the
eyes, come and see us at once and have them ex-
amined. No better oPtician anywhere, our MIR.
Albright is a graduate of one of the best schools in
the country and fits your eyes correctly at reason
able prices.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Mexican Presbyterian.

Rev. c. A. Gutierrez. pastor. Sun
day school at $3.50 a. m. Christian
Endeavor, ) p. m Preaching 6 p. m.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Free Stereopticon Lectures
by expert road builders from
U. 5. Department of Agriculture

will show you what has been done in
improving roads, by people of other
counties; how il was done; what il
cost and what the people gof back in
actual cash and contentment. This
IS a matter that e your pocket
b9ok. You cannot afford to miss
these free lectures. Watch for the
Good Roads Train-notice when il
will be ! n yonr town, and don't let
anything interfere with your being
on hand. Gomez
Excursion tickets will be on sale from
nearby points at reduced fares.
IT; x':::: ys' f;::;: 4: :@a9
l. w Page. Director Public Roads
US. Dept. Of Agriculture, Washlngton.D.c &C.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
PRESBYTERIAN Church.

Sunday school at 10 a. m. Morn
ing worship IL "a. m. Evening wor-
ship 1880 p. m
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Christian Church.

There will be preaching, morning
and evening at usual hours. Sub
jects will depend on conditions owe
which the pastor has no control.
Sunday school at 9:45 a. m The
church is situated at the corner of
Fourth and Levee streets. Visitors
in the city cordially invited to at
tend.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Episcopal Church.

Sunday school at 9:45 a. m.
Preaching at IL a. m. Evening SER
vices at 1880 p. m.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Press

Washington, D. c., March 10
West Texas, fair and warmer Sat
urday; Sunday fair. East Texas.
fair Saturday and warmer in the in
terror: Sunday, fair.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16
Weather.
Brownsville Texas, March L,

Brownsville Texas, March 10.
Meteorological data for the last
"a hours:
Barometer at Z a.. m. 800. 80.
Barometer at Z p. m. .... 3O.19.
Temperature at Z a. m. ... SIS
Temperature at Z p. m. .... 50
Maximum temperature .... 67.5
Minimum temperature .... 80
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-03-16

Port O'ConnOr Texas, March Ia
The Commercial club of this place
has set aside $1,000 to be given to
the local truck growers for prizes
next Christmas. The money will be
awarded on a basis Of money re-
ceived for crops. A large prize will
be given for the best results from
five or ten acres and other prizes
will be awarded for the best yields
from one acre each of several crops.
Prizes will also be given for the
best one-acre gardens of mixed
vegetables, and the best yield per
square foot in a town garden. This
sum of money was offered as a means
TO show just what could be raised in
this country.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1912-03-06
THERE'S ROMANCE En- The WoRL


We all hess that the days of real sport
and that adventure and have fed the workaday
world . - ..-.r N -
To be sure dropped from an aTsp the other day.
machine he had made He wanted whether he
would be killed or saved in the Operationi
And another sad the machine, while bobbed about
thousand feet the the parachute tester dropped off
Dear DEAR what prosy world Oh for the days of bold Robin
Hood and Tom Faggu and Rob Roy and Daniel Boone and Kit
Karson, and Grizzly Adams, and = -
To be Buffalo Jones went through Africa last las
SONG animals and letting them goa including lions Just
roped emand handled them would colt while the moving
those gentry the oddd you read of the taxab robber Too
busy? Well 4--t : - ~-.~5 -. so
Five yeggs in New York ctyright the island of Man
passing through the hronged of Gotham broad
day Past oundsme traffic policemen and thousands sped the
gasoinmpeld emporium of robbery And worked
The road agents got $4,000. Z
The five robbers into saloon divide the swag and
while doing walked little chap weighing hundred pounds
and five tall garng at through thick glasses
give up pistols $1,000 Of $25000
fecty lovely isn't it? Real romance! t t..--
And the robbers had named Annie for
bought swell hatand through that purchase the police
traced the robbery to him And
Let follow hero of the fefoot stature thick
glasses and the $4,000 No had he left the saloon
robbed twohrds of this by companions But
still he has $333 The open beckons He takes ship
Havana! He becomes acquainted with senorta.
And the senorita frisks him for s., 500 Carran1bai
These dear readers the actual facts fittings which
of
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-10-18
500 A BUSHEL FOR
$4,000 PRIZE WHEAT
Howe Offers Big Price For
Best Five Bushels at
Products Show.

President P. L. Howe Of the I'm
perial Elevator company, Minneapo-
lis. has offered 500 a bushel for the
five bushels Of wheat which will cap
ture the $1,000 prize to be awarded
vt the Northwestern Products exposi-
ton. at the Minneapolis Coliseum.
November IL to %. At the close of
the show, all the wheat entered for
the prize from the seven states Of the
America northwest will be sold at
public auction. and, according to the
pace set by Mr.. Howe. It is expected
that the stock will go at fancy prices.
According to advices received by
Manager Will A. Campbell. there is
likelihood that at least 5000 bushels
will be entered for the prize. all of
which will be offered for sale for
seeding purposes only. 1t is pointed
out that the planting o. such prize
wheat will go far toward improving
the quality Of the wheat product in
the American northwest.
With a bushel and a quarter of
wheat seed planted to the acre.. Pro-
lessor G. p. Bull Of the Minnesota ex-
pertinent station said there can be
raised sixteen to forty bushels to the
acre. depending on soil conditions.