davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
Fit Destination.

my dear, what is your kitty's
lname?n g. - ty%"TG 1@& lG6t1F 3fUln
or"What kitty, my love?" ~ SGT uA1'l
The kitty you talk about in your
sleep that you have at your club?",;4
81 "As far as am concerned, my DEAR
its name is Dennis
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
chalrco al EpIh,, PhIIo.opi,x.

5f6"Ef de- worr WAS jess lax hit staht-ss
~ or" said Charcoal Eph, sruminativs-
~. YOU'D, An nearly everybody shin:
min up dat Of apple tree. NJ Try some
biscuits, Mistah Jackson y f.3
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
,ParadoxicaI.

An An heiress 7 does one thing contrary
TO everyone else s''' :
"She is apt to be most wasteful Of
her riches when she husbands her fe1
ssources.9 a.T0nIM
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
Agreed

lte31' 81 - Agreed. Il laHo12slaH'i4
u Tapper-How do you get along so
well with your wife? n .aomlT p,4iy
i, Topp %Ar- made, an, agreement
that she wouldn't interfere with my
stenographers If l wouldn't Interfere
with her 0chauffeurs- Judge. st6f"
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
Comparative XaIuas.

III my wife can make = tart reply"
MY wife can do better than that.
She can make q pie speak for It
self" 3 q 81
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
A Suspicious cas,.

A Suspicious cass. Fl w
II What makes you think his credit
Isn't tgoodrs nc as88s itfW iiuEs9dW
srs'Hs called IN 4 doctor TO- trsat him
for a /, stomach ache. and the doctor
didn't tell him he had appendicitis \
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
NOT LOOKING FOR, ARGUMENT
vi TK &nisivf----------- 9H1 Qt wF1E4 g.
Among Other Things Was Willing ia
@ Give Women Right to Vote and
,A....s Same Wages as Men. ,..2

Don't you think a man Is fool to
try to drown his sorrows in strong
'liquorT'| 2d5 ~ @2nHR@ 1n.2 rI
II "Yes,'7rH o. 4nfgqQ TN ~of4an.
s"And don't you think chewing tobac-
co is an awfully filthy habit? ?"
I = "Yes,' @i +7QT@6 $~At QEb2TU"F s
i Don't you think :. a man who
smokes is, foolish to burn up money
in that way?'aaa ...j,~rq o., zinc ,
yes" s.t ,,[,.
Don't you think It is ridiculous to-
deny women the right to vote when
tramps and ignorant foreigners who
have, no knowledge Of our institutions.
are permitted to cast aballots?'' a~r0n
yes"
Don't you think woman who does
4 mans work as we'll as a man could
do It ought to have a mans pay?"
Yes" ad3 uG1 oHa aIi~W ddIaH
. ii well, for mercy, sake. why don't
you spunk up and argue about some-
thing? Haven't you an idea Of any
kind?" j'3o" '"'"% j0o'@ ">jpailn"T
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
-AIIMefuI,

s y cali EN- the cutlery family ~ q /;
oor'9S Sis 7gf, lads $EoIa.B,
III .Wsll,3 the daughter spoons, tie IA
sthsr forks ont the money and It'd
.mothsr knifss the other GUESTS, Il
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06

4 Mrs. Jackson---7Before we were mary
ried you said you'd lay the world at my
feet. - @''E INK pm tt'h st's55 sts7F
Mr.. Jackson-Well? iaA45 Q g /,
Mrs. Jackson-Now, you are not
even willing to lay the carpet. n AW !
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1912-06-06
Al the Same to. Him. q, =

n aFe,7 gf.r ~ Hhe Vame 70 Hlm. 90
"HHave you : few minutes 70 spArsf'''
Ne. replied the busy man: yafi /,
Ithaveha proposition that l
] think VIII, tptsrest cyou.rra sssrs lYfW
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

On the subject OF training for house
work, the inevitable conclusion is that IL
any considerable portion of the household
duties are to remain in the home, and be
well done there. they must lie SYSTEM
attzed into a trade, and training given
for 1t as in any other trade. This means
that certain standards for each sort of
work must be set and insisted upon by
employers. Perhaps all employers could
not be brought together in this way, but
the demand for such standards would
have to be made by sufficiently large and
well-defined groups to make it profitab Bile
for any such enterprise as the Aid Com
pany to give to the employers proper and
sufficient training. The two months Of
training which they gave was not enough
to make skilled workers. especially where
the girl had not been previously accus-
toned to housework.
The lack Of standards in housework was
found to be one OF the most demoralizing
factors OF the situation. An aid who had
been trained to do some certain kind of
work in one way by an expert instructor
would perhaps be required to do it by
some other and less efficient method in
the first place to which she would be
called, and, in the next. reproved II she
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17
THE NJ STRESS AND THE MADAM EXPERIMENT IN ECONOMICS

the aids were trained were household
managing. stenography and typewriting,
and clerical work. sewing, marketing,
ironing, cooking, waiting. polishing fur
niture, hanging curtains, simple uphoI-
stery, silver cleaning, mending. chamber
and parlor work, opening and putting IN
order houses that had been closed for q
season, daily sweeping and dusting, an
swering bell and telephone. For these the
prices ranged from eight to fifteen cents
an hour for :he least skilled services up
to twenty and forty cents for plain cook
ing. Thirty-five to fifty cents were
charged for upholstery work. and from
twenty-five cents to one dollar an hour
for household managers.
The companys accounts showed a de-
ficit the first year, including the cost Of
furnishing. OF 5000. and of 5000 fer the
second year. Therefore the experiment
was closed at the end of the two years
for which it was undertaken. But al
though it was financially a failure, and
therefore, as a business plan, lacking in
practical value, as a sociological study
1t demonstrated some truths that must be
recognized and considered by society be-
fore the present-day troubles Of house
service can be ameliorated.
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

attempted to do It in either OF these
ways Housework methods at present
are in state OF chaos, and there cannot
be much betterment of household condi-
tons and household service until they are
standardized and a sufficient degree of
skill to meet those standards demanded
of houseworkers.
Fortunately, the widespread interest in
domestic science is bringing standardiza-
ton of housekeeping methods within the
bounds of possibility. In former years,
when housekeeping and housewOrk were
not reckoned among the professions,
girl learned what her mother could teach
her and then got the rest OF her train
ing in the hard school OF experience. II
she CHANGED to be clever and capable. she
made what was called a good house
keeper. II not, things went slackly and
the whole family suffered. In each case
the housewives methods were her own.
and there was no generally recognized
standard OF efficiency which the SER
wants were expected to reach in their
work.
Now, with cooking schools and college
courses to set such standards in every
branch of household administration. the
keeping of the home is rapidly becoming
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

Emil Kuichling, Vice President, Roches-
ter, N. Y; Mrs. Arthur Randolph Green,
Secretary, So West Seventeen Street; Mrs
Charles Griffin, Recording Secretary. go
West Hath Street; Mrs. Josephine Red
ding. Treasurer, 224 West Fifty-eighth
Street.
The meTbers OF the league are expected
to insist on full weights and measures
and on cleanliness in the handling of
food, to protest against the exposure of
all foods to contamination from dirt, flies.
or other Infection and to refuse to pur-
chase sucl! food. They are urged to read
all labels on canned and bottled goods
and report any violation of the Pure Food
and Drugs act Each one is expected also
to make a personal investigation of her
own market, grocery. bakery, dairy. laun-
Try, delicatessen, and confectionery store.
md also to refuse to purchase cold-stor-
,ge poultry, fish, butter, eggs, or fruit
which have been held for the purpose OF
dvancing prices or to the detriment of
heir quality. Each one is also expected
secure two new members for the
eague.
In this way the league becomes an i'm
nense power for the enforcement of ex-
sting weights and measures and pure
ood laws and in working for the new
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

In the several States the number OF mem
bers varies from 1000 to 10000 each, so
that the total strength OF the league
amounts to nearly half a million. And
organization is going on so rapidly and
effectively all over the country that the
next few months promise a big increase
of membership and the development OF a
much more effective system.
In New York City the 100000 members
of the league will shortly be divided
into sixty districts, each with its own
Captain. This leader can communicate
quickly with the members OF her division.
and get a report 10 headquarters. or
from headquarters to them, in
a forenoon. This system will enable the
organization as a whole TO keep in touch
with conditions as to prices. cleanliness.
and observance of the laws in all parts
Of the city. II any retail dealer is dis
covered to be using false weights or
measures or to be exposing his goods
to dirt and flies, a pointed hint that, un-
less these things change, the members of
the Housewives League in his neighbor-
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17
MEMBERS OF THE HOUSEWIVES
LEASUE

The league offers her a medium through
which she can do this work efficiently.
because to her own strength will be
Joined the strength and the purpose of
hundreds OF thousands Of other women.
And fighting with them under the same
righteous slogan OF Safe and Clean
Food" are many other agencies which
are also endeavoring to eliminate unssn-
itary conditions and the manufacture OF
impure food. For the league operates
heartily with all Federal, State, and mu-
nicipal authorities, departments OF health,
commissions, and committees that are in
terested in raising the standards and low
ering the cost of living
Its work is done by individual effort
and not through committees. A woman
protests against unsanitary conditions or
false weights and measures in the stores
in which she deals as an individual con-
sumner and not at all because she is one
of some committee or even because she
is a member of the Housewives League.
She protests because 1t is her personal
duty to her home. to her neighborhood,
and to the public generally. II her in
dividual complaint is not needed. then
she can draw on the strength and influ-
enCe OF the league RESPONSE
bility and concerted action together make
the line along which the league operates.
Thus the league makes every woman
her own inspector, and binds all women
together in the effort to obtain sanitary
conditions and a fair cost OF living. II
every woman would appreciate and dis
charge her personal duties OF inspection
there would be little need to complain Of
lax enforcement OF laws and work slight
ed by official inspectors. Since the pass
ing of the pure food law the consumer
has greatly benefited both in health of
body and condition of pocketbook. But
the last report stated that during the
preceding year more than two hundred
ways had been found by which the public
had been cheated. This shows how much
more there is still to do along this line,
and how it can be done most easily and
certainly. For II no adulterated and mis-
branded goods are bought. very soon
none will be manufactured 1t is the pur-
chasing consumer. housekeeper. or stew
ard, upon whose vigilance rests the con-
troll of the situation.
We believe that the producer and the
consumer must be brought nearer to-
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

hood will go elsewhere for their goods.
soon brings him to see the error Of his
ways.
Housekeeping. like charity. used to be-
gin at home. and unlike 1t, used TO end
there. But the home has undergone a
radical change. The industrial evolution
wrought by the wonderful development of
steam and electricity has produced a revo-
luton. The old-fashioned home-that
was also a factory wherein were done all
the weaving. spinning, brewing. picking,
preserving, washing. baking. dyeing, etc,
that its needs demanded-is a thing OF
the past. But. although these industries
are no longer conducted in the household.
they are still the concern Of the house
wife. II IS her duty to reach beyond
her home into these factories and See
that the bread is baked, the clothing
made, the food cooked and canned. under
conditions as sanitary as would prevail
in her own house and that the worker
who serves her through these industries
is protected and CT -ed for as II still di-
rectly in her employ.
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

nd indefinite as compared with the le-
ally limited hours of employment in
tore. factory, or other business. She
as little or no congenial companionship
opportunity for recreation, while not
Frequently the demands of her employer
re erratic and unjust.
The company attempted to meet each
ne Of these objections with a remedy.
The aids which it Furnished would go
jut only for definite periods. measured
" the hour. 1t secured and furnished
l house in which the aids lived and ran
t as a home, not a mere lodging place,
liking particular pains to make the home
fe attractive. And 1t would serve as an
.termediary between aid and house
distress, to see that no injustice was
one by the employer.
Employers of household labor, on the
ther hand, have complained bitterly Of
lie scarcity of material. the unreliability
help, the low grade of intelligence and
liII, the trouble OF frequent change,
nd the danger of infection II help is
allied in from the outside.
The company purposed to meet these
omplaints by drawing into the domestic
lbor market a new source of supply.
nder the conditions of house service
'hich its auspices made possible, young
women were willing to take it up who
,ormerly had refused to think of it as
l means of self-support- 1t set a stand
rd for the aids taken into its house,
which included a certain amount of edu-
,ation, equivalent to a grammar school
testimonials as to good charac-
ter, q physician's certificate of good
health, and for each aid six weeks Of
in the house before she could
be sent to work. The company felt that
these conditions, together with the facts
that 1t assumed responsibility for sani-
tary conditions in the aids home and
stood ready to investigate any dissatis-
faction. amply met the complaints that
have been made by homekeepers.
The company assumed all pecuniary re-
receiving the fees of en-
ployers and paying the aids. These paid
10 the company a certain percentage Of
their earnings, varying with the grade
of labor. The aids were received for two
weeks on probation and afterward had
from six to eight weeks of training, in
al varieties of housework, given by COM
petent Instructors. Specialists were
brought IN for some of the lessons. Since
The house and its work were utilized for
this training the aids were paid during
he course OF 1t about 81 per week, enough
70 cover their expenses.
ThA nEincipa1 Lines. af L,nork foR which
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

! ones. II Is creating a demand for model
grocery stores and markets. And It is
making women see that in their respon-
sibility for the enforcement OF the laws
they have in their hands not only the
welfare but also the integrity Of the Ma
ton. The work Of the league is educa-
tional for women in enlightening them
as to present conditions and the tremen.
dous importance of what they can and
ought 10 do, and It looks forward to be-
coming constructive in the matter OF new
legislation for the bettering OF cond-
tions- 1t has been most wholesomely
educational in showing housewives how
sadly exploited they have been-exploit-
ed by the manufacturer of impure food
until the health OF the Nation is i'm
periled, by the use OF dishonest weights
and measures. and by unsanitary condi-
tions in those industries that supply the
home.
Although the league came into exist
ence only a year ago, it has, in New
York City alone. more than 10000 mem
bers. Since each OF these presumably
represents a household, and the average
family consists OF five persons it will be
seen that behind II lies the force of one
fifth OF the population OF the city. 1t
has members in every State of the Union,
and active organizations in fifteen States.
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17
STOREROOM IN THE HOME

THE storeTpom for food may be the
i tiny closet of the flat dweller in a
city or the cellar Of the village or
farm house. In the last case 1t often has
4 commercial as well as a household
value, since II keeps fruits and vegetab bles
in good condition until marketed, as well
as until they are needed for the home
table, but in any case 1t should be cool,
dry, clean, and regularly aired.
1t may be well to describe cellar that
is badly built and csrelessly kept in order
to see what should be exactly opposite
conditions Such a cellar may be dug in
wet grounds, without sufficient drainage
Of the subsoil; it may even be in contact
with open sewers or drains. which have
been proved in certain cases to contain
specific organisms capable of producing
disease In many cases the cellar built
against an earth wall is not protected
from dampness by a layer Of moisture
proof cement, and the water may stand
in drops on its surface. Again, it may be
dug to such an extent below the surface
q tha kraUn2 that ,thA ;gindpxs- ara.
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

I a profession. Thousands of women are
learning It as they would any other trade
and these women have certain definite
standards OF cookery, Of cleanliness, of
order or economy or general efficiency,
both for themselves and those who serve
them. To work in household where the
methods of the mistress are those of the
best authorities, is the best kind OF train
ing for a housewOrker. and If she is wise
or conscientious enough to take advan-
tage of it. she will not only bring her
own work up to the standard, but can do
a good deal in raising the standard of the
next place to which she is sent.
But back of all this lies the financial
questionable unwillingness of the house
mistress to pay for that skill its just due.
One of the facts brought out in the
course of this study by the company is
that the employers OF household labor fall
into four general groups. The first Is
that of the well-organiZed household of
wealthy people, where a large number of
servants is employed, each trained to
perform with promptness and exactness
of detail a few definite duties. A defer
entail manner and an appreciation Of the
fact that the position is a servile one
are among the necessary qualities OF the
employees. The second group is composed
Of that class of people who attempt to
initiate the first, but. having less knowl
edge, less breeding and less money, tn
household organization shows the sam
characteristics of outward show and hiG
den disorder as does their whole schem,
of living.
With neither of these two groups dit
the Household Aid Company attempt T.
do business, because all the condition
to be met were repugnant to the self
respect of the young women whom it en-
ployed.
The fourth group also fell outside its
scope-the hit-or-miss household that live
from hand to mouth, wastes much upoI
show, has no standards OF cleanliness o
of methodical service, does not perceiv,
their value, and is not willing to pay
for them. 1t puts up with poor work al
the lowest living wages. has no sense o:
the relation of cost to result. and some
times coddles and sometimes abuses 1t
maids. 1t was the experience OF tn
company that infinite varieties of thi
group make up the great bulk Of en-
pIoyers of household labor, and that thes
are largely responsible for low standard
of domestic service and for the disfavo.
into which 1t has fallen.
1t was with the third group, families
Qf professional and technical men with an
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

badly matched boards impossible to keep
clean. 1t will probably have a musty
smell, proof positive that mold plants are
there and ready to attack any fruit and
vegetables that are stored on its shelves
or in its dirty bins.
II in addition to this faulty construc-
ton the cellar is badly kept, bits of rot
ting fruit and vegetables being left about,
not only will these conditions favor the
spelling Of food, but they may prove in
furious to the health Of the family living
above stairs.
A cellar that meets modern require
ments must be dug in ground that is
well drained, either naturally or by arti-
fcial means. 1t must be remembered
that a cellar is not, first of all, a store
room; II Is an essential part Of a we'll
planned house in helping to keep an equa-
BILE temperature, and IL its walls and
floor are what they should be, ii prevents
dalnpness and ground air from rising into
the house.
II the house Is set close to the ground
the cellar windows must be wide enough
to compensate for their lack in height
ard must be set opposite - each other in
- -.
The Washington herald., 1912-11-17

income from two thousand to five thou
sand dollars, maintaining small house
holds OF from one to three maids, that the
company expected to do most of its busi-
ness and some of whose difficulties il
hoped to be able TO solve. This class,
moreover, furnishes practically the only
field or experiment with the problem of
household labor and for the working out
Of its solution To a certain extent the
company thinks 1t did help this section.
and 1t believes its experiment would have
been financially successful II the mis-
tresses had 0een willing to examine their
own methc is. revise them according to
new and etter standards. and pay for
sood wor what it is worth. They found
many di 'sions Of this group. from the
capable mistress who knows what she
wants rnd how to explain it-who also
knows .ne time It requires to do things
to the utterly unreasonable woman who
axacts the work OF three persons from
ne maid and changes her mind each half
Iour as to the next piece of work to b
done.
But few Of the employers OF this
group were willing to expend upon
household service what trained service
'osts. According to economic rules there
nay be paid for service in such house
olds 10 or IS per cent Of the income
OF more. II less is paid it means poor
ervice. with something saved for ex-
enditure in other directions. Few Of
lese mistresses were willing to pay the
dded two or three cents an hour for
he better skill, the surety Of home san
tary conditions, and the honesty and
eliability Of the company's aids. That is,
hey wanted, or preferred, skilled work.
ut they did not appreciate the fact that
o acquire skill costs time, labor. and
money, and that whoever benefits by
hat outlay must pay for It.
The outcome OF the experiment proved
onclusively that before there can be any
ornament improvement both mistresses
md maids must appreciate the fact that
lousework is a trade, to be prepared
or by manual exercise that should begin
girlhood II 1t is to result in the best
md deftest skill, and that housekeeping
$ a profession demanding thorough train
ng and the constant exercise Of the men,
al powers Only such training. resulting
n the organization and standardizing Of
lousework by the mistresses and in abll-
ty to meet those standards on the part
1f the maids, together with the willing
ness Of employers to pay for that ability,
Will open the way for the solving Of ths
problem Of household ssEYtRA