Evening star., 1912-11-24

performance OF what had been prescribed
by articles Of the treaty OF Berlin Now
the status quo had been killed on the
oattIeneid at the same time as their an
cient status.
In the future the Balkans would be In
accord with their allies. No one or the
states would permit any power to oo-
tam commercial advantages other than
those which exist between great Euro
pean powers governed BY international
treaties on the basis of equality
austria had no right to ask conc~S-
SONS on exceptional rights. The seaports
are assured to Servia by her own proper
Iorce' The construction Of railway lines
that connect Servia with the Adriatic sea
VIII permit European commerce to reach
the mediterranean sea. The connections
OF Servian lines. including those OF
MltroVitza. with the Bosniac branch Will
favor Austrian commerce as well as that
or central Europe in the direction OF
Saloniki. on the Aegean
The proposition formulated by NJ Poin-
care was a perfect Interpretation of the
views or the four allied Kingdoms and
that formula included all the IDEAS o.
the Balkanic peoples.
The Servian minister explained that the
federation of the Balkanic states was
formed to save the political and econom-
ical interests OF each state, and the al
lance would he maintained. cemented hv
the blood that had been shed for each.
1t was by the continuance only of that
alliance that the peace OF the Balkans
would be assured. and the peninsula
would no longer be possible threat OF
european confiagration as IL had been
under Ottoman domination. The actual
alliance would develop their mutual re-
sources; their vital interests imposed
upon all the states the creation of a Gus
toms union.
The president OF the Servian council of
ministers. NJ. Pachitch, interviewed. ex-
pressed like sentiments. On the question
OF Albanian autonomy and the peace IL
was assumed would flow therefrom NJ
Pachitch deemed il illusory. Albania was
formed OF diverse primitive tribes with
out culture; they were enemies the one To
the other and had never lived in com
mon. but in separate camps. These tribes
were divided by their re igions-Mussul-
man. Catholic and OrthodoX-and possess
ed neither literature nor a common alpha
bet If they obtained autonomy their
country would become the theater OF rival
terests between Bulgarian. Servian.
Greek, Italian and Austro-Hungaran
states. In place of peace Albanian au-
tonomy would become a cause of con-
hict. The best solution would be to apply
TO Albanians the same treatment as I'm
the middle ages. They We're a part Of the
Byzantine states without having certain
privileges, but their individuality and Ian
guage were respected
Servia and Greece We're today constitu-
tlonal states enjoying civil and political
liberty. The Albanians in Servia and
Greece may profit by these liberties and
at the same time. having schools and re-
ligious institutions, they may be given
home government.
Servia, with no outlet on the sea, is
without any guarantee for her very exist
ence and economical de-
What Servla velopment. Servia re-
D quires the ports Of s. Juan
e1uiAS0' de Medua and Durazzo on
the Adriatic, which the Servian empire
possessed in the middle ages. and which
connected her with the rest of Europe
The capture of Uskub and Monastir
and the surrender of their Turkish ar
mics of occupation involved great loss OF
life. The fall Of these two important
Turkish strongholds drives the Turk for
ever from occidental Turkey and frees
the armies Of Servia and Greece. which
ere this are cooperating with the eastern
armies of the allies against Constant
nople.
The solemn entry of the Servian army
into Uskub on the 26th ultimo will count
as an epoch in the life Of the resurrected
Servian nation. The fall of Uskub was
the consequence Of the victory of tine
cities are but fifteen miles apart and the
fall Of one for strategic reasons implied
the fall of the other
Uskub has been the aspiration OF the
Servian soul The city was occupied by
Servian king in the twelfth century
Stephen Douchan constituted 1t his capt.
tai in 1896 and promulgated there tha
famous code that bears his name. The
Turks conquered Servia in 1889 at kossova
and maintained their unlimited power
Milosche Obrenovitch established the inde-
pendence of Servia, although recognizing
the suzerainty Of the porte. In 1885 the
treaty Of Paris placed Serva under the
Herzegovina revolted in 1876 Servia re-
belled against the porte. She was con-
quered by the Turks, but Russia inter
vened and caused her complete inde-
pendence to be recognized in 1873. Servia
was created a kingdom in 1882
OF all the Christian states Of the Bal
kans Servia has been the most cruelty
treated by the Turk. Servia struck the
first blow for freedom in 1904 With what
solemn emotion, then, did all Servia view
the retaking of her ancient capital after
more than five centuries of national
abasement Old Servia is awakened by
contact with the young nation. The cap
ture of Uskub, which is said to have been
won by extraordinary feats OF arms and
sacrifice, appears to those who know the
history of Macedonia as an event the
most glorious in the war Of the Balkans
for liberty. Uskub points the way to
the Adriatic, which no power may halt.
The first news of the fall of Uskub was
received at Vranja in the great dining
room of hotel where
News OF Prince Alexis was dining
rl surrounded by officers of
oShuo' the staff. NJ. Pachtich.
premier, entered. and, going directly To
the prince, said aloud ''Skoptje palo.'
Uskub is takenD At these words the en-
tire assemblage arose and uttered a
mighty hurrah, and resumed their places
with calm dignity.
In this remarkable campaign, which ap-
pears to have worked with mechanical
precision, two figures rise from the al
most panoramic canvas. We snail hear
of others doubtless when the curtain
is lifted, but UP to this moment special
mention must be made of Ferdinand.
King of Bulgaria, and the general in chief
of the Bulgarian army, Gen. Savof.
An old tradition among old Bulgar5
says that when the Gar of Bulgaria put
soil conquered by the victorious arms Of
taken from the enemy. In descending
from the train on the first visit to the
captured city of Mustapha Pasha the
car stepped upon rifles taken from the
Turks and the tradition was fulfilled
amid the deafenfng hurrahs of the Bui-
garian solderS
The victories which have led the armies