The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-03-19
CONTINUED from Page q
Ais pounds Of milk per day This is
really a remarkable showing

DTeeQ OI GALLO. NCPCdtCO CdoCS dAS
on record of Jersey females, through
accident, having the first calf before
3o5 days DID, Both males and females
develop rapidly and are often in ser
vice too early for the good of the herd
Is Jersey COWS in the trial averaged
or breed. Occasionally one will find a
herd of Jerseys where the owner has
bred the heifers to come fresh at eigh-
teen to twenty months old In these
herds one is impressed by the small
size and runty appearance of the cows.
The wiser and more thoughtful breed
ers of today plan to have their heifers
come fresh about thirty months old,
depending somewhat upon the vigor
and size of the animals to be bred A
greater vitality and producing capacity
is thus secured.
The ability of Jerseys to reproduce
ranks high, as is the case with all
dairy herds =
~ THE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN.
Commonly known as the "Holstein.
The native home of the Holstein-
Friesian cattle is Holland While the
breed as we know it in America seems
abundant all over Holland, it is most
common in north Holland in the prov
inces of Friesland and Drenthe There
are several recognized breeds of Dutch
cattle, but the large black and white
one is the leading dairy breed, and
meets with favor in northwestern Ger
many and Belgium, where it is extens-
lively kept. Holland is country main
" reclaimed from the sea, and much
Of the land lies below sea level, the
water being held back by bikes. The
soil is very fertile in some places and
very poor in others. Much of the land
is in meadows, separated into farms
and pastures by canals. The climate
is cold in winter, but the nearness to
the sea breaks its intensity and furn-
ishes satisfactory conditions for cattle
the year around.
The origin of the Holstein-Friesian
cattle is obscure 1t has been claimed
that for over thousand years the peo-
pie of Holland have kept them and
have been famous for the production
of milk, butter, and cheese. 1t has
been assumed that these cattle are
descended from the prehistoric Giant
Ok (Bos primigenns). Early writings
refer to Dutch cattle as being large,
more or less white in color, and great
milk producers. Undoubtedly the pres
ent type of black and white dairy cat
tie of Holland has long existed there
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE HoLsTEIN-
FRIEsIAN.
The characteristics of the Holstein-
Friesian are distinct and peculiar to
the breed. In general appearance ami
mails of the breed are large, often have
great udders and milk veins, are black
and white in color, and show remark
able milk-producing capacity. The
head is usually lean, tends to be some
what long with straight nose and dark
notified or fesh-colored muzzle, is
wide between the eyes and carries a
white horn, usually black tipped. The
horns should be short, gradually
taper, and curve out, forward and in
ward and slightly upward. A coarse
horn is not common. The neck Of the
male is usually rather large with dis
tinct arch, while that of the female is
moderately slender. The shoulder is
frequently heavy and prominent, lay
ing back in we'll, with 7oithers of mod
crate thickness, being neither fine nor
thick. The body is large with long,
well-sprung ribs, showing great feed
ing capacity. The hips are often prom
inent. the rump long and level, the
thiphS inclined to be somewhat thick
wifi, more quarter than obtains with
other dairy breeds. The adder is fire.
quently very large, and with maturity
shows pendant form after the shape
If a letter u, with teats placed at the
corners on the same With this form
The fore udder lacks extension. The
milk veins average large, but are not
onger or more crooked than in other
breeds. The color in America is almost
always black and white in patches,
white with some animals prevailing,
While black prevails more with others.
n Holland red and white animals OF
he breed exist, and several pure-bred
,erds of the color are maintained, to
he exclusion of black and white. In
Iuality the Holstein-Friesian is too
frequently deficient, as exhibited in
oarse hair, large joints, and thick
kin lacking in mellowness. In tenn
erament this compares favorably with
Their dairy breeds. Sc
SIZE. nj;
The size of the Holstein-Friesian wi
laces it among the largest breeds of is
attic. The writer for many years va
as recorded the birth weights of an
alyes, including six breeds. Of these dis
,e Holstein- Friesian has produced the in
4rgest, one weighing l25 pounds the Nj
2ws a weight of 1850 to 1,4O0 is ac- GU
sptable, some families tending to Lar
eigh heavier than others. The aver
ge weight of the cows five years old =
! -