Evening star., 1912-01-07


he will do up the revolution. But alas.
poor Yuan, here at this moment comes
the dreadful news of the detection OF the
Chinese troops in the north with the
probability of the siege OF Peking. With
this in the wind we shall doubtless learn
in few days OF concentration of the
republicans and quick march to Peking.
The present revolution differs from the
desperate but feeble efforts of the Tat
pings and the Boxers. In that IL Is patriot
ism that is the inspiration and motive
of young China and not the hatred of the
Christian ard the European. There Is.
however. bond with the past revolu-
tions in that the present Is antidynastic.
-
The oriental Tartars or Manchus in
vaded the north of China toward the end
Of the fifteenth century.
Manchu They were fought I'm a
r weakly way by the Chinese
OVA4ueS'. and in 1Gl4 one of them.
named Wou San kouei opened 10 tho
Manchus the gates of Peking, not by
treason, but to aid the Chinese army in
furnishing their rebels. This led TO the
crowning of Chouensi. who inaugurated
the reign of the Using. The Chinese dy-
nasty of the Ming lasted 21s years; that
of the Manchu Using 2ts3 years.
The TAPPING revolution begun I'm 1851.
lasted fifteen years: IL ravaged sixteen
provinces and burnt coo cities. The Tai
pings were finally led by the American
Burgeyine. The imperialist troops first
were commanded by the American Ward.
who oreanized what was known as tho
Ever Victorious Army. and after tho
death of Ward by Mai Gordon, familiar
ly known Chinese Gordon" In 1854
Nankne. the insurrection center. was
taken, 1Oo 000 men were executed and the
revolt was crushed
The Boxer rebellion was inspired by
those who suffered from want. the half
starved. partly by the secret societies
such as the Big Knife" and Others.
whose device was: Protect the dynasty;
exterminate the foreigner" the EuroIean
as well as. the Manchu being included
under the title of foreigner The rebel
lion broke out in 1879; in the north il de-
Tended the dynasty. in the center and
south il endeayored to overthrow IL. In
the north il was led by Prince Tuan: in
the south il had no particular leader. but
led by its conscience which meaat
death To the Manchu.
The occupation OF Kiao-chiou by the
Germans gave renewed force TO the de-
vice "Exterminate the foreigners.
The activity of the Boxers i'm the COM
mencement of laoo placed China in "A bad
position. In March the diplomatic corps
demanded the suppression of the secret
Boxer societies, I-ko-k uen and Ta-'ao-
houei. Prince Tuan. chief of the Box
ers. was named member of the Tsun@-
li-Yamen. and dividing the Boxers into
eight divisions. occupied Pek ng. The
2Dth of June Baron ketteler, German
minister, was killed during a visit by the
minister TO the Tsung-li-famen. There
Russians, English. Americans French
and Japanese entered the city. and the
siege was finished.
1t is necessary to add that Rear Ad-
miral Louis Kempff. commanding the L.
$. naval forces. refused
Kempff'S TO participate in the at
n, tact on Taku on the
"o"A' ground that his govern
ment was not at war with China. For the
Judgment and tact displayed on that oc-
casion a joint resolution was introduced
in the Fifty-seventh Congress comforting
upon the American commander the thanks
of Congress. America has not always
rightly interpreted the motives of Chi
nese revolut ons in the past. But America
alone of al the powers has never vio-
lated the integrity of Chinese territory
December 4. 1900. the powers submitted
a joint note to the Chinese peace CON-
mission demanding the execution of the
leaders in the massacre of foreigners. and
the payment of an indemnity which in
October, 1901. was Fixed at $735.0OO.OOO.
On the ratification Of this act the foreign
troops We're withdrawn. Subsequently
through the good offices of the United
states government the indemnity was re-
duced to $751;, ,JD0,OGO. When payday came
the United States felt conscience stricken
over the sum coming to her and vOlun-
tarily RENTED of that sum S12OOO.Oo
gold. The Chinese government, deeply i'm
pressed with this manifestation of friend
Illness, manifestation only equaled by
that shown by France during the dark
days Of Americas struggle for independ-
Tnn Gtnn fnI
commissioner to Washington to express
the sense OF Chinese gratitude to Ameri-
Much has been said these days of DR..
Sun Vat Sen, now president of the Chi
nese republic. We have introduced him
in these columns to the American public
from time to time during the progress Of
the revolution since 1896, when We r.
marked his qualities az leader. lie
has visited the United States, France AMI
England frequently In the coIirse of the
organization of that peoples army The
man and the means Of which he is now
the head and front
Physically President Sun is described as
of middle stature, more nervous ard wiry
than robust: his hair
President Suns is densely black and
p,.4 brushed back from a
his skin is of reddish hue, and mustache
and imperial emphasize the strong lines
of the jaw. The face is open, frank but
firm, and when speaking full of fire.
VIII ch fixes his interlocutor with search
ing scrutiny. His favorite study is po-
litical and social economy. President sun
is therefore the complement Of his dis
tinguished colleagues. who have had parts
in the play VIII ch has led to the scena
now before the curtain, Kang You-wei
and Liang Kitchao. the one historian,
the second both jurist and sociologist
We shall hear of these two later. doubts
less as coadiutors I'm the presidents cabi-
net when the latter shall have solved
certain economical problems in the provi-
sional government.
President Sun expects America to lend
him Lafay cites" in his work OF recon-
struction in China. Into his council he has
already taken the American Gen. Homer
Lea who since 1900 has been a lieutenan.
general of the army which President Sun
has organized. and OF which as president
he is the commander-in-chief. Gen. Lea
will doubtless invite attent on first of all
to certain master minds i'm the art and
science of conservation of resources IN
Inmates of Gen. Lea and residents of Los
Angeles Cal And these Americans NAV
he the first of the ''Lafayettes' who may
be invited to conserve the resources of
China by President sun Vat SEN a.
CHI CHAILLE-LONd
RFS0I IITI0NS