The Yakima herald. [volume] (North Yakima, W.T. [Wash.]) 1889-1914, 1912-03-13
CONTROL OF PESTS
IN ORCHARD WORK
State Horticultural Dean Of
Montana Offers Some
Pertinent Suggestions

In addition to the advice to or
chardists by State Horticulturist Nj
L. Dean of Montana, offers the fol
lowing splendid suggestions for tn
consderat ton of the growers:
"The control of the orchard pest
is a part of fruitgrowing that must b
considered by all growers who wisl
to produce fruit of high quality. The
blight, which attacks the pear and
apple trees. can only be eradicated by
destroying all cankers and diseased
wood, which necessitates careful prun
ing. and the burning of the wood.
With some susceptible varieties, if the
tree is badly attacked, it should be
cut and burned
Insects are more easily controlled.
A good spray pump and the proper
solution, applied at the proper time
in thorough manner, will control
any insect pest.
Classes OF Pests
"There are two destructive classes
of pests, those that eat the foliage,
and those that live by sucking the
sap, such as the scale and aphides, or
plant lice There are 400 different
Gpecies of insects which attack the
apple. but fortunately only a few of
them are to be found in Montana or
chards. The increase of some pests
is what makes their presence alarm
ing. 1t is stattl that the increase
from one female apple aphis in II
months would amount to 20,00o,000,-
600 pounds, which makes it unnnes
sary to state that they should be
destroyed upon their first appearance
in the spring. All plant lice are killed
by contact hence, if sprayed with =
strong tobacco detection (black leaf
tobacco dip, one part to 40 of WaIer)
as soon as they hatch in the sp ing,
they are easily controlled. The woody
aphis should be treated in the same
manner whenever found Blister mita
oyster shell and other scale insects
must be treated while the trees are
dormant. If infested trees are thor
oughly sprayed before the buds swell
with lime-sulphu1 cone part to nine
of Water) these pests can he con
trolled, bat thoroughnesS measure
the degree OF success. The entir
surface must be covered. Back
the buds, and the upper surface
the limbs are often not covered
which leaves a new brood to cause
future trouble. Apple scab and other
fungus diseases are absolutely con
trolled if properly sprayed with tn
lime sulphur Trees having been
sprayed for oyster shell need only be
sprayed the time the petals are
falling, using at that time one gall
| lon to 25 or 80 of water. but if they
were not sprayed while dormant, they
~ a
| blossoms are in the pink with lime
| sulphur, one part to 20 OF water
Conditions may require a later spray
| in August. TWO pounds of arsenate OF
lead may be added to each so gall
| Ions if the bud moth, codling moth
| or any other eating pest is in evi
| dencC
Work Must Be Thorough
Many growers lost fruit enough last
year by its being scabbed or infected
with scale ito pay the spraying bill
for five years. Spray material can
be purchased at very reasonable
| should obtain it at once so as to
have it when needed. Spray pumps
| are now one of the orchard accesso-
| res and every grower should own the
best he can afford. They are abso-
| luteiy indispensable to the man who
| expects to grow clean fruit. The size
of the orchard, and the age of the
trees, in a way decides the style of a
| pump one should buy, but pump
! that will not carry two lines of hose
! and maintain zoo pound pressure is
not worth considering. Gu0d nozzles
are also necessary. In an orchard
! where the trees are eight years or
older the spray outfit should have an
j elevated platform upon which one