El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1912-05-21

judge who Is &c preside over the court
during the hearing of the suit has a
case, he must step aside and allow
the senior circuit judge Of the circuit
Of which the district court forms a
part 10 appoint some other judge to
sit in his stead.
Transfer OF Gases.
Any suit Of a civil nature arising
, under the constitutional laws Of tho
UNITED States, OF under treaties. may
be removed by the defendant from the
state courts to the United States dis
trict courts. Any suit wholly be-
tween citizens of different states may
be carried to the United States dis
trlct court The law requires that all
effenses punishable with death under
the federal laws shall be tried in the
county where the Offense was commit
ted, providing II can be done without
great Inconvenience. When muir
der is committed on the high seas
the case Is tried ia the judicial dis
trlct where the person. charged with
Ine murder = Gpprehended.
There are nine judicial circuits in
the United States in each Of which is
a circuit court Of appeal, consisting OF
q number Of judges In three Of these
circuits there are four judges and in
one OF them two In the other five
there are three. Each circuit is pre-
sided over by one of the justices OF
the supreme court They seldom sit
IN cases coming Up in the circuit
courts OF appeal, but more usually
look after the work Of supervising the
cults
The judges Of the federal courts
must take rigid oath on becoming
members Of the judiciary. They do
soleInnly swear that they viii admin
lster justice without respect to per-
sons and to do equal right to the poor
and 10 the rich and faithfully and
llnpdr ualiy discharge the duties in
cumoent upon them according to the
pest or their abilities and understand
Ing, agI eeable to the constitution and
the laws OF the United States No
Judge of a federal court is permitted
10 practice law, and may be i'm
peacheo II he attempt to do so. ANY
judge who has served 10 years con-
rnuously and has attained the age
OF 10 may retire from the bench by
resignation and continue TO draw
MS full salary during the remainder
The newest court in the federal ju-
dicial system is the commerce court.
II was created by an act Of congress
approved by president Taft on June
Is. 1910 It was given Jurisdiction
formerly possessed by the circuit
courts over all cases for the enforce
ment, otherwise than by adjudication
and collection OF forfeiture OF pen
atty. or by inflfction Of criminal pun
lshment. OF any order OF the Inter
state Commerce commission other than
for the payment OF money. II also has
jurisdiction IN cases brought to set
aside any order Of the Interstate Com
merce commission. likewise In cases
arising under the act TO regulate COM
merce with foreign nations, and among
the states, such as formerly We're
brought in the circuit courts Of the
United States The jurisdiction over
these matters and over mandamus pro-
ceedings Of certain kinds is made eX-
elusive, practically giving to the com
merce court full control Of all the
laws for the regulation Of interstate
commerce
The court is composed Of five judges.
When it was organized these judges
were appointed by the president as
circuit judges and designated to serve
as members Of the bench Of the com
merce court The term Of one mem
Der Of the court expires each year af-
ter which he takes his place as a reg
uiar circuit judge and the chief jus
uce OF the United States designates
some other circuit judge to succeed
the retiring member.
The member Of the court holding the
earliest appointment becomes the
presiding judge upon the retirement
Of the next one above him. After a
Judge Of the supreme court has served I
Tor five years and has retired there
from TO act as circuit judge, he I
serves on the circuit court Of ap- ]
Deais for any circuit requiring his I
services upon the designation Of the /
chief justice Of the supreme court /
Copyright, 1911, by Frederick J. Has 4
kin
Editors Note-This is part Of a 4
chapter on Other Federal Courts from
me Dook- The American Government
by Frederick J. Haskin. which now is
1Ilered to the readers Of The FL PasO
1erald, On most advantageous terms.
see houce elsewhere on this page.