The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-10-09
War Is Declared and
Balkan States Are
Aflame.
CATSPAW MADE
OF MONTENEGRO
Little State Il Used to Bring on
Hostilities With Turkey, and
Its Neighbors Will Follow
Soon With Their
Declarations of
War.

London. October s.-while mono o.
| the Balkan states except Montenegro
had. up to . late hour tonight. Dc.
clared war against Turkey. everything
points to such action within lev
days and perhaps within Q few hours
II 10 believed here that Bulgaria and
Turkey are both manoeuvring to throw
xthe onus Of the first hostile act upon
the other and that Montenegro's
declaration Of war Wis made with
the cognizancs Of the other Balkan
states to forestall interference by the
powers. The latter, however. are con-
tinuing their efforts to avert war.
Small clashes already are occurring
on the Montenegro frontier In an e.
fort apparently to hold a Turkish army
corps at this point until they can b<
relieved by reserve divisions Of Redifs
The first severe fight Is expected IL
the direction Of Scutarias it il unlike.
~ that the Montenegrins will attempt
to penetrate to Novipazar.
According to q report from Vienna
tonight, Bulgaria and Servia are ex.
pected to declare war tomorrow.
Co0108rott00 Begins.
Paris. October s.-A general con.
hagration in the Balkans IL expected
by omcials here within forty-eight
hours Montenegro's declaration OF
war against Turkey q regarded a.
tho beginning. II 10 believed other
units IN the Balkans coalition viii
follow suit a. soon - the mobilization
OF their armies 10 complete. There
IL only q faint hope now that repre-
sensations Of the powers viii avert
general hostihties.
Montenegro's move 10 considered n
Paris to be part Of . prearranged plan
II 10 asserted greece was INST selected
by the Balkan confederation 70 forc>
the Issue and inausuraAs the war
This could easily have been done b.
Greece seating in the Greek PaFia.
menf the deputies from Crete, which
would have been . oasus belli to Tur.
key. Greece. however. declined to &C.
cept respon1fbilSey.
Montenegro was then picked she
had q long-standing quarrel with Tur-
key over the boundary cAeston. and
Turkeys refusal to grant satisfaction
was seized upon - justification for
A prominent diplomat said tonight:
1T looks AZ II our fine European
diplomacy had been beaten by the
cleverness Of the Balkan stateA These
states have grown weary Of Ottoman
promises.
Turkeys recent decision to inaugu-
rate reforms which were considered
unsatisfactory and tho slowness and
hesitancy Of certada powers 30 JOIN
in urgent intervention has led the
Balkan peoples to feel that the bat.
tlefield was the only sure means Of
exaoeing what they felt to be Jus.
tice."
Drives 70 War.
The opinion prevails that BuIgaris
practically VIII be driven to war e
satisfy public opinion In the failure
Of Intervention. every nbre Of energy
win be exerted By the great powers
to prevent the war fame from engulf'
ing Europe. It 70 realized that n
depends on the eventual attitude o.
Austria which, according to late al
vices, already has modified four armJ
corps-n Croatia. Boznis. Herzegovina
and Southern Hungary-and stand.
ready to occupy the sanjak Of Novipa
har. should this coveted strategic ter
ritory be menaced by the Servians and
Aontenegrins.
Despite Russian sympathy for thu
Balkans. whose political welfare Rus
STA has fostered. NO complications hav.
arisen between Russia and Austria an
both these nations have assured tn
other powers Of their determination
not to be drawn into the imbroglio.
Confirmation OF the forces impellinl
King Ferdinand to 60 to war 10 fount
in a letter Just received at Paris b,
A., A brother Of q Bulgarian captain nov
at the front. The onlcer wrote:
This week brings decisive events
Either the powers must effectively
guarantee the cessation Of the cen
tury-old practice Of prosecuting an
mas.acreing Christians. or We max
| war. But 10 the Bulgarian govern
ment permits Itself 10 be d:ssrmet
nv the powers IL will be the sigma
Cor a revolution Every Bulgaria.
| ardently desires war"
In conclusion. the writer expressed
the opinion that they would soon b
before the walls Of Adriauople an
I added: without doubt Il viii b
another terrible Mukden Rus u Toe.
| 600 Of u. fall At AdrianopIe. see.ee
| will remain to march on CONSTANT
l nopie."
WeeOUVse - Asa.
ConstantinopIc. October a--Prior .,
receiving his passports from the Turk
/ ism government. the Moatenegris
\ charge d'aYaires. - P1amenasx. handel
| the following note IN behalf q NJ
government 10 the Porte:
Il regret that H0eteaegro - ex
hauseed without ava1l an o0jenAS'
means Of settling the nUmerou0 ME
understandings aaA cS00lceo Whlcl
have constantly arisen WssA ehe oeeo
man empire
with the sutherinss0a % Kins
NicAosas. Z have the honor 60 Snfova
700 sha6 from to-day ne e0vssa00
% Nonsene9ro ceoses On rs)as5S0s Wisl
the Ostomaa empire, SeoS1og q - ~
ARM q the 1goaesasgrses - 0scss'
rpceeusssOn % sh<es ssgAe0 ~ 90
| rtGaes vAscA hnSv besa lONosU0 ~