Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1912-11-29

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the decrease and in recognition
EzEE1z4zz4z=@%S fact congress from
time time has increased it's authority and enlarged
its functions until today recognized OF
the most important agents in the conservation and
increase Of the supply of the nation.
First Of all, as the work of the bureau is now
conducted attention is given to the conservation OF
all sources Of supply Much Of the decrease Of fish
due the fact that the fishing industry fish
caught and killed without reference their size
and condition and the sacrifice of female fish during
the spawning season the loss OF the spawn
from which the supply Of young fish for future sea-
should properly come For this purpose fish
hatcheries established arrangements wers
made to have the fishermen preserve the fish eggs
and them to ithe officials. who
provided facilities for Matching them and afterwards
distributing the young hsh where the need was
greatest.
A most important feature of this work has been
in connection with the cod fisheries along the New
England coast. one of important Of the
United States fisheries located at Glouces-
ter. Here are Latched millions OF fish eggs each
year. When the cod fishermen out in their boats.
sometimes for a trip Of several weeks, they carry
with them the apparatus provided by the government
for the preservation and fertilization the eggs
taken fnpm the ash In this the young fish or
fry raised supplement those that are Matched
in the natural It is claimed that much
larger percentage Of the Matched artincialy
than in the natural state they kept undis-
turbed and the conditions better For the secur'
ing Of thees eggs man, employed by the govern
ment, goes upon the vessels in New England and
other OF the country they ar~
frequently brought the hatcheries by the Usher
and in some instances are sold to the govern
ment
There are thirty-two main Matching stations and
ninety-two auxiaries in thirty-one states all
ated by the United states bureau Of fisheries ana
during the year ending So 1912 the output was
more than s426,0OO0O0 fry 100000 hngerings,
yearlings and adult fish, besides 22so0o0oo fish eggs
consigne the hatcheries, which now being OPP
Grated by different states and 335o0oooo which were
shipped to foreign governments. Most OF these hsn
planted were kind valuable for food sucn
as the Pacific salmon. yellow perch. cod mac
kerel pike hathsh and lobster There are hatcheries
upon the Great Lakes and by special arrangement
with the Canadian government the United States
bureau Of fisheries conducts two egg-coecting sta
lions for white fish, lake trout at points In
Ontario. In the inland states there are number oA
which chiefly engaged in the production
of eggs Of rainbow trout landloeked salmon. brook
trout. bass, pike and drum fish
Recently the bureau has undertaken the preser-
walton of large number OF the fsh obtained by the
overflow of the upper Mississippi valley. In the low
lands the recede leaving disconnected POOLS
which either dry up or. If they remain until winter
freeze solid so that the fish lost BY sening
these waters the bureau obtains large numbers Of
these fish and return some of them to their native
streams and distribute others to adjacent waters
Long trains of employed during the summer
in moving the fish thus saved
1t was surely an ingenious American who devised
the first transportation which used by the bu-
reau These cars tanks in which the fish are
placed and if necessary be added to keep the
water at require temperature In the transporfa
ton of delicate fish as brook trout, there is
great danger if the water become too warm, ana
ARRANGEMENTS always made to have Ice provided
at certain stations along the route The cars are
attached fastest trains in order that no time
be lost and they equipped with the best possible
springs avoid slightest unnecessary jolt to the
delicate passengers The comfort Of the attendants
"a Povf hn ara
Portable uoveab1e seats for the day time and Pull
man sleeping berths for the night Frequently ASH
eggs win be Matched in the tanks upoT these cars
while they are travelling at the Eats-of sixty miles
hour
one of the most important functions Of the work
of the bureau its biological investga-
tion which is being continually increased During
the past year considerable attention has been given
to the investigation OF parasitic larval stages Of two
kinds Of nu sells. valuable to pearl button makers
which have heretofore been puzzling to scientists
The pearl mussel resources OF the Cumberland. nli-
nois and Arkansas rivers. as wen as OF severais
streams Of minnesota, have been studied and the
results published In circulars, which IT IL be-
leved win be of value both to mussei fishermen ana
n bu+ton manufacturers. In this work. the bureau
has had the active cooperation Of the professors ana
the laboratories the universities Of Iowa, Minne-
and Missouri
Attention has also given to the diseases or
fish, The discovery of cancerous and other humorous
growhs caused much study for the last ten years
Certain types of appear be frequent
than others in domestcated fish and cancer of the
thyroid gland been observed at various times In
trout ands salmon hatchery stations OF late the
disease appeared TO be the increase and the
bureau has made number OF Investigations which
go to indicate that IL the result of certain pollu-
tons of the streams. If this theory be estab-
lished and the sources the disease localized tho
serious losses of arthcialIyhatched salmon and
trout each year can be largely overcome.
The administration of certain kinds of FISH and
their transfer from of locality to those
of another is a subject which continual expert
rnents are in progress results have already
proved TO be of great economical value The
ton of along the Pacific coast has been Of
the greatest achievements in this respect Aside
from financial consideration, the experiment was
noteworthy because Of the difficulties in transports
ing shad across the continent far back 1871.
when the first planting o shad fry made In the
sacramento river, these added to for nine
consecutive years. N 1873, the shad taken
in California but by it one Of the
fnnaA In nat