davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

The construction Of good box con-
sists essentially Of two boxes made OF
tongued and grooved lumber three
fourths of an inch thick. The two boxes
were made of such dimensions that
the smaller one will fit into the larger
one with an inch to spare all around
and on the bottom, the boxes being
held firmly together by having inch
strips nailed to the inside OF the larger
one a Intervals Of foot apart.
Before these strips are put In place,
building paper should be tackled to
the inside Of the outer box. and to the
outside Of the inner one. then after
the paper is on. the space between the
boxes is carefully measured and the
inch strips planed down SO that it will
be snug At when the box is placed
within the other.
The construc ton of the cover Is the
same as the sides and bottom, except
that there is a fange at the front and
sides of the cover.
The corners Of the outside box are
strengthened and made tighter by
having strip Of building paper
tackled over them, and corner boards
an inch thick nailed over 1T! like the
ccrner-boards of a building
Cleats nailed on the bottom at each
end will strengthen the box and make
1t m.re easy to move about
The insidL Of the box Is lined with
zinc or gal, anized iron. the latter be-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

The English sparrow among birds.
like the rat among mammals. Is cum
ming, destructive, and filthy. It's nat
ural diet consists of seeds, but it eats
a great variety of other foods. While
much of its fare consists of waste ma
terial from the streets. in autumn and
winter it consumes quantities of weed
seed and in summer numerous insects
The destruction Of weed seed should
undeniably count In the sparrow's
favor. It's record as to insects in most
localities l. not 50 clear. In excep-
tional cases It has been found very
useful as a destroyer Of insect pests.
For example, during q recent investi-
cation Of birds that destroy the alfalfa
weevil In northern Utah. English spar
rows were feeding their nestlings
largely on weevil larvae and cut
worms, both of which are very fnjur-
ious to alfalfa. In this case the SPAR
rows. attracted by grain in the fields
and poultry runs and by the excellent
nest sites afforded by the matched
roofs OF many farm buildings, had left
the city and taken up their abode in
the country where the weevil OUT
break subsequently occurred. Unfor-
tunately, however, farmers can rarely
expect such aid against their insect
foes. Wherever this bird proves USE
full, however. It is entitled to protec-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
MUskMEL0N DISEASES
BY A. d. SELBY.

thoroughness and carefulness In the
application OF the Bordeaux mixture
and also requiring that the downy
mildew shall be watched during the
same period. For this reason earlier
sprayings, II made before August 1s,
should be repeated at fortnightly in
tervals, while those after August LIST
should be at weekly or ten-day inter-
walls. Melon growers have succeeded
by following these lines. while others
who were less thorough were less sue
cessful or failed entirely. The Bor-
deaux treatment is recommended with
confidence.
The common anthracnose fungus of
tho muskmelon attacks the stems Of
plants Of all sizes as well as the leaves,
resulting in the LESSONS Of the stem and
dead spots in the leaves. In these the
fungus produces the fruiting bodies.
After the seeding stage is passed 1t Is
usually possible to keep the anthrax
nose in check by spraying with Bor-
deaux mixture.
The fruit anthracnose of the musk
me .on Is widely distributed and forms
yellowish. diseased spots on the fruits
an may disfgure them considerable.
Thorough spraying with Bordeaux
mixture should hold it in check If be-
gun on the young fruits and repeated
once or twice at intervals.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
ARRANGE FLOWERS ARTIsTlcALLY
GROUP THEM ACCORDING TO COLOR AND THE
EFFECT WILL BE MUCH MORE BEAUTIFUL
THAN IF MANY COLORS ARE USED.
BY I.
BY b. L. PUTNAM.

Among the scarlet bl, ssoms nothing
Is more beautiful than the saliva,
though there are geraniums, phlox
and gladiolus to keep 1t company,
after the procession of the tulips,
while wealth Of petunias, hollyhocks
and coleus may safely smile across at
the cannas and peoples from the other
side Of the garden.
Among the blue flowers there Is a
rich treat from the time of the first
scilla and hyacinth until the last aster
has faded; for lavender and purple
are SO closely akin to true blue that it
seems almost necessary to include
them in the list.
The platycodons, Canterbury bells.
some Of the violets, houstonia, 1upine,
iris. aconite, hardy larkspur, aquilegia.
for-get-me-nots, statice. and veronica
are among the perennials suggested,
while in ANIMALS there are ageratum,
Swan River -isy. bachelors button,
pansy hnum and nemophila.
Note the effect Of the different
species used and gradually weed out
the undesirable forms, and improve
upon those found satisfactory. AS a
feature of LANDSCAPE gardening the
plan has rich possibilities.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
FAT COVERS MANY FAULTS.
Adult Pear TlhFips.

Some breeders have trick OF send
ing their weak boars to fairs with an
overcoat of fat which hides many de-
fects. When you see an over-fat boar
1t is time to become wary.
It is wellknown fact that all the
fat breeding animals at the big fairs
are sold first and the rough ones are
left to the last.
1t takes a good Judge to pick out
good. strong healthy boar II he u
over-fat.
Even II the animal Is quite thin In
flesh and has quality this will be no
drawback where men Of experience
are making selections, because they
Judge the animal on his points and
not on his general sleek. round ap-
pearance.
Another point to be observed In
buying bears is to observe closely the
sh pc Of his head. A boar with .
long, narrow head. ea-s set close n.
is. as a rule. poor sire.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
BY N. DEARBORN.

ton and encouragement in proper
ton to it's net value.
On the other hand much is to be
said against the bird. It destroys
fruit, as cherries, grapes, pears, and
peaches. It also destroys buds and
flowers Of cultivated trees, shrubs. and
vines. In the garden 1t eats seeds az
they ripen, and nips of tender young
especially peas and lettuce,
as they appear above ground. 1t dam
ages wheat and other grains, whether
newly sown, rpentng. or in shocks
As flock Of 50 sparrows requires
daily the equivalent Of quart Of
wheat. the annual loss caused by these
birds throughout the country Is very
great. It reduces the numbers Of
some OF our most useful and attract
I've native birds, as bluebirds, house
wrens, purple martins, tree swallows,
cliff swallows, and barn swallows, by
destroying their eggs and young and
by usurping nesting places. It attacks
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
GAPEs GET THE WEAK CHICKENS

Perhaps 1t would not do to say that
all chickens that die from gapes are
those that are poorly fed and cared
for. but 1t Is undeniably true that If
the chickens are we'll fed on feeding
boards and kept dry and thrifty they
will seldom be attacked.
It is generally believed that gapes
are produced by minute worms which
are propagated in the soil. It follows
that IL the chickens are fed on the
they are more liable to be troubled by
gapes than If they are fed on dry
floors.
Preventative is better than cure
always and II the chickens are fed on
dry floors for the first few weeks Of
their lives and the yards in which
they run changed two or three times
during the season they will seldom
suffer from the gapes.
We believe that this trouble is the
result Of poorly kept quarters just as
lice and mites come when the coops
and grounds are neglected. We have
never yet heard Of an epidemic of
gapes in a flock Of chicks where e-ery
sanitary precaution was taken and
they were cared for just as they
should be.
When you come to s.--y this asser-
ton you will see that /. high standard
is set for the amateur chicken-raiser
but Il 1t Is maintained your chickens
will not die from gapea.
To those whose focks are suffering
tho best cure Is a simple one-carbolic
acid.
As soon as the chicks show signs
Of gapes make q small coop with two
compartments, an upper and lower.
Place q hot brick in the lower one
and drop on it three or four drops of
ca<boltc acid. The upper compart-
nent In which the chickens are placed
should not be air tight as the young
STEERS Will suffocate but :. should =
tight enough to cause them to sneeze
and show considerable agitation.
One or two careful treatments in
this way viii kill the worms in the air
passages and it Is time for the owner
Of the flock to put his chicks on new
ground, disinfect their roosting quar-
.ers and everything else about the
S>-as IL he would keep them healthy.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
The ENGLISH SPARROW A NUISANCE

other familiar species. as the robin
wren, red-eyed vireo, catbird. and
knocking bird, causing them to desert
parks and shady streets Of towns
Unlike our native birds whose place II
usurps, 1t has no song, but is noisy
and vituperative. It deflles buildings
and ornamental trees shrubs. and
vines with it's excrement and with It's
bulky nests.
The evidence against the sparrow
is, on the whole, overwhelming. No
where is it included among protected
birds.
The English sparrow was intro
duced into America a little moro than
So years ago. and is now distributed
over nearly all of the United States
and Southern Canada. This rapid
dissemination is a result Of the birds
hardness, extraordinary fecundity.
diversity of food. aggressive disoosi-
ton, and almost complete immunity
from natural enemies.
BY concerted and continuous efforts
to destroy every nest after the eggs
are laid, and by trapping the birds
and destroying them, the numbers OF
English sparrows In any locality may
be rapidly reduced.
Samples Of easily constructed trap
nests are here shown.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

half inch squares LIE. the whey rise
q few inches then drain off all you
can.
Put the curd back on the stovc.
heat to 100 degrees, stirring and
breaking in tiny pieces with the hands.
Add three teaspoons of salt and stir
until the curd is very tough.
Pour off the whey, put in mold,
press for several hours. Remove from
the mold. line the bottom and sides
with cheese cloth. put the cheese back
into the mold and put very heavy
weights on 1t for twelve hours or
longer.
Take out Of the mold, rub with but
ter put In an even temperature, turn
every day. md rub well with butter to
prevent molding.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

A pretty fancy consists in keeping
flowers of one color grouped together.
and we have found that the best effect
is obtained by massing flowers OF
certain ktnu.
Tho unity Of color gives an effect
which is most pleasing, and with care
and selection one may have a constant
succession of any desired color from
early spring until late in the autumn.
The scheme appeals with special
force to the farm home. where the
flower garden is never cramped-or at
least should not be. Try and arrange
the flowers so that the screen that
divides the front yard from the back
be one side pink and on the other
white.
If the garden is bordered with flow
ers massing Of blue or yellow in one
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
HOMEMADE CHEESE,

Excellent cheese may be made at
home. Six gallons fresh milk will
make nearly ave pounds; one rennett
tablet will curd 100 gallons of milk:
on cheese color tablet will color 500
pounds Of milk. (eight pounds to the
gallon).
Heat the milk to SO degrees, dis
solve the color. add . the milk Stir
constantly.
Dissolve the rennett In one-half
pint OF boiling water. Add to the milk
and keep stirring two or three min
utes. then set It on the back of the
stove until the whey raises and loo 3
like hard clabber.
Take short knife and cut into cne-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

corner and red in another will COM
pletely change the appearance OF
things. While white is excellent to
break the colors, q MOI. pleasing effect
is secured by shading rather than end
ing any one abruptly.
For several reasons it is well to
have white flowers predominant. They
show off by night as well as by day.
They are suitable for all occasions.
Many of them are DELIGHTFULLY."- fra
grant. They occur In grt variety.
Gray once said that you might ex-
pect to see a white form of every
plant and if this be tr e Of the Wild
flowers. 1t Is more emphatically true
o, the cultivated ones.
Among white flowers. the lily ana
the rose head the list. Then there
may be added the peony. spirea, car
ration, aquilegia. hollyhock, phlox,
Christmas rose. lily of the valley.
achillea, hydrangea. honeysuckle. yuc-
c.. beside multitude Of dahlias an
chrysanthemums
Most Of the plants are hardy and
easily grown. Add t. them the rich
assortment Of ANNALS like candytuft,
sweet alynsum. snap-dregon, aster
verbera, petunia, lobelia and larkspur.
and you have most worthy collection
and one which has beauty all season.
Suppose that 1t shades to the most
delicate tinted sweet-peas, dahlias and
asters thence to merge into rich
pink?
There is almost an endless variety
nr< &n1 0Pt hn ,.io
ties mentioned above being equally
eligible In this corner. To these may
DO added spirea elegans begonias and
gladiolus.
II red border is desired, more eau
ton must be exercised, being careful
trat crimson and scarlet, both excel
lent in themselves do not combine In
fact, 1t might be as we'll to assign two
different spots for these clashing
colors.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

Muskme lon Leaf Blight Is a disease
more or less peculiar to the musk
melon although the fungus which
cumber leaves.
The leaf blight causes rather large
dead areas In the leaves which are
usually distinguished from those Of
mildew by their larger size and the
tendency Of the central portion to
break out The prevention of musk
melon leaf blight is by no means an
easy matter. requiring Of itself great
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
GREAT ADVANTAGE IN ROTA.
TON.

Fifteen years continuous culture Of
crops at the Ohio experiment station
on plots without treatment, on other
plots with manure, five tons per acre.
and on still other plots with 420
pounds per acre of commercial fer
tilizer. when compared with the same
crops In rotation but with the same
treatment, show as tho average Of the
five years. a difference Of "a bushels
of corn, nine bushels Of oats and IL
bushels OF wheat per acre, In favor Of
the rotation. There was but little Diff
ference the first few years.
Manure has been reinforced and ap-
piled to silly clay deficient in phos-
phorus and lime. Part Of the manure
has been thrown into an open barn
yard during the winter and allowed
to lie exposed to the weather until
April. while another part has accum-
ulated under the feet Of the cattle
until the same time.
The cropping has been rotation
of corn, wheat and clover The aver
age of g years results shows that the
manure has not been used with the
highest economy until reinforced with
phosphorus. The gypsum and hainit
We're found relatively Improbable.
The manure used at present Ia
treated with ground phosphate rock
or floats, during it's accumulation in
the stable at the rate of 40 to so
pounds per ton manure, or about 400
pounds per acre and at a cost Of
about $3.50 per acre.
The lining has cost about So per
acre and the fertilizer used on tho
wheat about $..40,-a total Of $14 for
the four-year rotation.
But the gain Of rs bushels Of corn.
three Of oats, 16 Of wheat and / Is
tons of hay would have total value
Of $40 per acre.
In other words the cost of treat
ment is being recovered nearly three
times over in the increase Of crop.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
BREEDING DOS AND DoNT's.
Some Things to Avoid in Breeding
H1ycnS

Some Things to Avoid in Breeding
Horses.
l. Hereditary unsoundness involv-
ing highly organized structures.
l. Defects of vision; 2. Roaring;
8. Heaves; 4. Ridgling; 5.
Stringhalt
2. Hereditary unsoundness charac-
terized by bony engagements.
l. Bone SPAWN; g. Ringbone: 3.
Sidebone.
3. Hereditary unsoundness involv-
ing softer structures
l. Bog SPAWN; 2. Thoroughpin; 3.
Curb.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
NOTES OF THE HOG LOT.

The hog lot should be changed and
plowed UP frequently as disease germs
are likely to be deposited in ths
ground and blowing sweetens the soil.
good plan is to make the lots long
and narrow and sow them to pasture.
blowing UP alternately.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

tions in combination with kerosene
emulsion or soap. Two or three ap-
plications on successive days during
the past year largely prevented Inn
portant injuries to pear trees. Tho
physical features Of the locations Of
the orchards, such as the direction
and elevation Of the slopes Of the land,
and character Of the soil. have .
marked influence on the development
Of the buds and the time Of blossom
ing. The time for effective spraying
will therefore vary with individual
orchards.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

When you whftewash the interior
of the poultry house mix liberal
amount of some good disinfectant or
crude carbolic acid with the white.
wash Just before applying It. This
will insure the destruction Of all lice
and mites with which it comes In con.
tact.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
4. Unsoundnesses not quite "a
strongly hereditary as the above list
1. Rheumatism: 2. Tumors: :.
Cribbing; 4. Weaving.

Some Things to Be Considered In the
Improvement of the Horse.
I. Breed with definite ideal In
mind. 2. Patronize only the best
sound, pure-bred sires. 3. Use only
sound mares for breeding purposes.
4. Do not mix types. s. Az tar a.
possible, stick to one breed. 8. Feed
literally the mares you have bred.
Z. Be sure to read the state license OF
the stallion you patroni1e.
II you are breeding draft horses.
seek soundness. size. proper conforms
ton, quality and action.
II you are breeding lAght horoess
seek soundness. quality. speed, style
and action.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
AN UNUSUAL SIGHT.

A very intelligent white poodle dog
which had one Of it's forelegs cut off
in a street-car accident, wandered out
into the country and was adopted by
farm boy. He took the dog >
doctor who dressed the leg, and when
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
KILLING TREES

will kill them. The stumps can easily
be removed with a stump puller or Il
the ground is cultivated around them
they will rot in time. They may be
destroyed by fire or blasted with q
small can Of dynamite. Sprouts can
easily be killed after the trunk is dead
by continually cutting them under the
surface with mattock and by STEADY
cultivation.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
HELPFUL SUGGESTIONS.

BY feeding better animals It n many
times possible to double our incomes
without adding to the cost OF produc-
ton.
The world needs reforming In many
directions; but tho surest way to
make 1t better Is for every man to
commence with himself. and In the
sphere of his own calling.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08
A HOMEMADE ICE BOX
By III. F. GRINsTEAD.

ing much cheaper. and Just as good
for several y. rs.
After the box is put together strip
of thin lumber covers the upper space
between the boxes. thus making !
dead-air space.
short piece of half-inch pipe is
inserted In the bottom Of the box to
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

BY all means raise chickens. Two
or three hundred with plenty Of range
can be raised to advantage a& very
small expense because anything
needed for feed can be raised on the
farm. Corn and wheat make q fine
chicken feed and for winter cabbages
will add to the value Of the ration.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

1t is rarely profitable or advisable to
treat a fowl which gives evidence Of
being seriously i'll. Better use the
axe, unless the bird is most valuable.
Generally speaking, drugs affect fowls
the same as they do us. and may be
given accordingly,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

Keep the drinking vessels filed with
fresh water. More or less food
escapes from the beak of the little
chick while drinking. This food soon
becomes sour in the warm weather
and water is foul.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

It will mature in three or four
weeks and Is equal to the best cheese
we buy. To make cream cheese use
one-fourth cream.-Mrs. e. A. Neal,
s. D.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

foot. With this leg the dog travels
almost as we'll as ever. but occa.ion-
ally loses his artificial aid to locomo-
ton, when looking for woodchucks
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

Care of the hogs does not mean
feeding alone but in giving the.- at
tention necessary to keep them In
good health.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

Learn to paddle yoLr own canoe be-
fore seeking to steer the ship Of state.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

Use plenty Of insect powder in the
hens nests during the warm days.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-08-08

provide drainage. and the lower end
of this outlet should be kept Immersed
in :. vessel Of water to prevent air get
ting into thu tox.
This ice-box Is much cleaner an
more sanitary than those packed with
sawdust and similar materials.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1912-10-24
BISMARCK.

Thee. Van Herk last week bought
the John Irwin farm.
Mrs. Frank Daniels is entertain
ing relatives from Indiana this week.
DR.. Eaton visited Fla, River sun
day.
Judge Thos. Higganbotham of
Blackwell has been elected one Of
the directors of the Bismarck, Belle
vue Valley d Western Railway Co.
The Progressive Republican
speakers were here Monday evening
and had large audience. The Re-
publican vote here will be divided.
Elliott W. Major spent short
time here Friday morning.
Former ,iov. Folk spoke to a large
and attentive audience here at the
Opera House Friday evening.
w. l.. Maxwell and wife OF Bel
grade visited here Friday.
/ Mrs. Horn of Doe Run is sick
with pneumonia at the HON" of j.
II. Tullock.
! Nicholas Carter of Caledonia Is
quite sick with appendicitis at the
of home James Cox.
Mrs. George +. Hunt visited
relatives in lrontou Tuesday.
Mrs. james Thompson Is making
an extended visit to relatives in
Fr"dericktown.
Mrs. l.. II. Butler visited relatives
| IN DcSoto this week.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1912-10-24
How To Contribute To The Wilson
Campaign Fund "

Sign the Coupon in this and fill in the amount
you give Then attach your money to this Coupon and
mail today to the address gwen the Coupon.
I,sue all checks money orders and address all eontrbu.
tons to c. R. Crane, Vice Chairman Finance Committee
Democratic National Committee, 900 Michigan Avenue
Chicago, Ill.
Then write letter to this paper giving your
contributor and stating your why you believe
Woodrow Wilson should be elected President of the United
States In this way you will be listed Wilson con-
butor A Souvenir Receipt handsomely Autographed well
worth framing will be you. Your letter will help the
fight by encouraging your friends,