Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-01-03
G1eANNAkING
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The Lid Down Tight on Young Egypt
--Great Britain, Following Roose-
velt's Advice, Pursues sterner Meas
ures With Egyptian Natlonalists.
BY WILLIAM T. ELLIS.

y a. 10 >. L Tt# 1 D..
Cairo, Egypt.-Thanks to Theodore
Roosevelt the attention OF the whole
world, even Of the man OF the street,
has been directed to the interesting
fact that the somnolence OF centuries
In the land OF the Pharaohs has been
broken, and that unrest, selk-consciousz
and actively directed. is the present
outstanding characteristic of the polit-
ical life of this Oldest of living ma
tons. Rather strangely, this very in.
terest on the part OF visiting Ameri.
can did more to quell the unrest than
any other factor, for Mr.. Roosevelt's
famous advice to the British to deal
more vigorously with the agitators
was straightway followed by a policy
OF sternness that has not since been
relaxed.
The result is that all the British
(and especially those who hold Egyp
tan shares) are enthusiastically
grateful to Mr. Roosevelt, while the
Egyptian nationalists hate him with
an Oriental intensity such as none OF
his political enemies at home are ca.
pable Of feeling Meanwhile the stu
alton continues well in hand. Sir Ed
win Gorst announced, shortly after
the distinguished American visitor
had gone, that his former policy OF
leniency had been a mistake. and that
henceforth severer measures would
be the rule Now the lid is down
tight. The nationalists can no longer
write and speak as they please. Meet
ings are held only under restrictions
and surveillance. Some of the leaders
have been sent to Jail for their sedi.
tious utterances. Demonstrations can
no longer be held at the pleasure OF
the agitators. Complaints are very
bitter that the latter cannot get their
grievances before the public.
British Rule Threatened.
Interested observers - statesmen.
stock brokers. missionaries -. de-
clare that prior to the stiffening
up of the governments backbone by
Mr.. Roosevelt the rule of Great Brit.
ain was really in peril. Assassinations
and riots were both growing alarm.
tngly frequent More than once the
army of occupation had to be paraded
In order to overawe the turbulent pop.
ulace. Residents felt apprehensive of
q fanatical outburst of the notoriously
lnf'ammable Cairo mobs, who cared
less for nationalist principles than for
disorder and loot These fears were
in large measure removed by Sir Ed
win Gorst's surrender of his policy
Of tolerance and conciliation, and by
his firmer measures.
theoretically the Egyptian national
lists have the best of cases. Their plea
is the old American one for the right
of self-government. They want relief
from government which they say,
truly, is only usurper. Great Brit
dn's control is only by right Of might
and possession. The country is nomi-
1ally under the suzeraintyi of Turkey
The British occupation is, by Brit
ish avowal. only temporary. But 1t
will be many long day before Great
Britain moves out. When she and
France stormed Alexandria. and 1t
became necessary for some strong
power to remedy the prevailing condi-
tons of anarchy, the task devolved
upon Great Britain, acting in behalf
of the cause Of international order.
Her answer to the other nations, and
to the Young Egypt party. is that the
country is not yet ready to resume
the task Of governing itself. Now the
government frankly Is assuming an
enlarged degree of authority and re-
sponsibility and diminishing the pow
er in the hands OF natives. This. Of
course, is in the face of sedition In
Egypt proper and in view of rather
alarming rumors Of Isedition among
the native troops in the Sudan. When
Lord Kitchener recently visited Egypt
and the Sudan, ostensibly for sport,
1t is known that he called together
all the resident officers who had ever
served under him and went over the
situation in the Sudan with them.
Some British BIunders.
In all. the accusations that were
made against the British by the ma
tionalist leaders whom interviewed
detected note of personal resent
ment, Of offended sensibilities. Appar-
emily the most fundamental of the
British mistakes-and l count it really
serious-is that the dominant power
has not been considerable Of the feel
lngs Of the natives of the land. With
characteristic British tactlessness, the
authorities have sought to help the