Baxter Springs news., 1912-11-28

the universe has been the sub
ject OF more war talk than
the Balkan peninsula, and
few sections OF the continent
Of Europe are less well known In the
western world. The Balkan war
cloud is familiar enough, having ap-
peared and re-appeared at intervals
for years past. yet few people know
why there should be trouble In the
Balkans. Today we are face to face
with real conflict, the very existence
Of Turkey is at stake, and even Eu-
rope may be engulfed in war. In the
very center of the conflict are the Al
banians. But who and what are the
Albanians? Well. Albania is a prov
ince Of Turkey situated to the north
Of Greece, on the eastern shore OF
the Adriatic sea.
It Is probably the least-known re-
gion in the Balkan peninsula, and
compared with the other countries In
that part OF Europe, It has been but
little explored by travellers, with the
result that its wild and fearless In
habitants, who number some 100000,
retain, to a large extent, the primi-
tive habits and customs of a bygone
age.
The country is extremely mountain
GUS, especially in the north and
south. There are no railway lines
though several have been projected,
and the development OF commerce Is
retarded accordingly. Carriage roads
exist In few instances, but generally
travellers have still to pass one place
to another by means Of bridle-paths.
The inhabitants. who are one Of the
most ancient races in Europe, are d.
Vided into two divisions, northern
and southern, known as Ghegs and
Tosks. Both have ever been brilliant
fighters, defending their mountain
Businesses in the past with remark
able success against all invaders.
Retain Original Customs.
Retaining their original customs
and language, the Albanians present
a marked difference from other races
in the Balkan peninsula. Sir Edwin
Pears in Turkey and It's People"
gives an interesting description Of the
Ghegs and the Tosks. He remarks
that the Ghegs are noted for their
square heads, refined features. and
usually light colored hair; whilst the
Tosks have heavier cast of features,
with darker hair. Among both, how
ever, are beautiful heads. which re-
call those of classic Greece. The
characteristic dress Of the Ghegs is a
waistcoat, jacket and breeches, each
close-ftting, of q white material, US
ually resembling tweed cloth. braided
with black. That Of the Tosks is the
long white petticoat, known as the
dastanella, which the Greeks who en-
ploy big numbers Of Albanians as sol
diers, have taken for the uniform of
the kings guards.
In northern Albania the clan sys-
tenn still exists. and the Ghegs very
rarely pay taxes. The scattered Turk
ish officers possess little authority.
and the one obligation the Inhabitants
owe to the Ottoman empire Is that of
providing soldiers in time Of war. In
each clan the elders form a council
and preside over gatherings Of the
tribesmen, which exercise the supreme
legislative power. Loyalty to the
chief Of his clan. and to his work, is
the AIbanian's greatest virtue. An In
born courtesy Is common to the race.
The best fighter Ii the best man. and
every Albanian feels himoelf indepen-
dent, except when bound by the an
Client customs OF his race. In northern
Albania he recognizes no law except
that based on such ancient customs.
The. Turk until recently has hardly
attempted to impose any other Law.
Whistler IN the field or the markst-
place, he n nearly always armed. and
a ready to fisht on the smallest pre-
text The boy attsinf manhood when
he can shoW he possesses arms which
10 has captured from an enemy An
aTo ne liae ~ sign q Soy, tna