Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-04-24

It IL only within the last half century
that engineering has ranked among the
learned professions, and only within the
last decade or two that the term has
been broadened to include % many va
rieties OF work. The term engineer
may now be given to the master OF any
applied science. The universities are in
GLIDING under the courses leading to the
degree OF master Of engineering many
things other than structural ana me-
chanical technique. According to mod
ern authority. the work of an engineer
must include three things-a knowledge
OF. what needs to be done. a knowledge
Of how to do 1t and what materials to
select. and finally the ability to execute
the plans and carry them to completion.
Different trades and sciences are In
cuded In the several branches Of the
engineering profession, but every prop
erly qualified engineer must have knowl-
edge Of the fundamental principles OF
chemistry, physics. mathematics and me-
entinc study for its own sake as well a.
talent for the practical application OF
its principles. Tho scientist may be more
or less . dreamer, but the scientific en-
gineer must be practical man as we'll
as q scientist.
Formerly. civil ana military engineering
were the only two branches recognised.
Civil engineering consisted merely In the
construction OF buildings and the survey
OF lands Military engineering included
fortihcations and means OF offense and
defense in times Of war.
Now. civil engineering includes. In addi-
ton TO its former branches, highway en-
cheering. with the various problems Of
bridge building, and other things that en-
ter into the construction Of modern high
ways. 1t may include hydraulics In river
and hsrbor Improvements. irrigation and
canal construction and also exhaustive
~ and other architectural problems.
The courses In mechanical engineering
may be closely allied to those required BY
the civil engineer. In fact, the dividing
lines between the different branches Of
mechanical engineer must know, how to
may also be required to design the power
station which 10 to hold them.
-.
The University of Cincinnati has done
much to raise the standard Of practical
engineering In
Much II Being Done its differe mt
to Raise Standard. ,.r r"'n.s o.,,,,. = !
turing plants Of the community cooper
ate with the university III this enort. En-
cheering students frequently work alter
nate weeks in the shop and in the lecture
room or laboratory. During the summer
months prospective students and fresh
men are taught the elements Of mechan-
ical engineering in broad. black. greasy.
swsaty strekes." This test enables the
university to dst s mi The ability , snd
verSity Of Cincinnati last year added to
its mechanical equipment Z three-hun-
observation-disclosures engineering building
and . one-hundred-and-dfty -thousand-
dollar power house.
The salaries paid to the trained me-
chanicai engineers are Well worthy Of the
consideration Of those who are dependent
upon their chosen calling FOR living.
ceptionai salaries. which come q Z result
Of exceptional ABILITY Or unusual good
fortune. a New England college Of enti-
neertng hes a.ceftained thst the average
sssy ssGs e :, z ssaus;s , mechanic.
% per.sent- 81 those covered by the can
the second ysaf. The highest salary paid
Ct the end OF the fourteenth year was
Of the twentisth' year was $500.
Electrical enkineer1ng 10 rapidly de-
veloping into one Of the most important
branches OF the profession. Tho ever-in-
creasins use to which electricity IL put
creates 4 seemingly endless dsmAnd FOR
the trained electrical engineer. Many
branches OF work are included in electro
cal engineering, In 4ny Of which there
10 always to % found Z generous income
for the capable man. Among the best
known lines Of electrical work are
telegraphy, telephony, Illuminating and
the construction OF motors for supplying
electric power. The electrical training
in the universities is made as practical
as possible and both professors and stu
dents keep clo6ely in touch with the COM
mercial and Industrial Developments In
electrical needs. One OF the professors
OF electrical engineering from Cornell
University worked last summer as an
electrical inspector for the New York
New Haven and Hartford Railroad COM
pany in order to study the needs In this
branch of the work. Another professor
| In western university, assisted by sew
eral students. installed an electric light
plant In q nearby town.
The universities spare no pains to give
| the students practical study in engineer.
L in0, 4 hnAASSA ~ Sot-