The broad ax., 1912-01-20

ing large liberties with his past both in
the direction OF adoption and that OF re-
pudiation. AS an American he can eXer-
else the rights OF a mental republican.
He can begin anywhere and claim any
thing. The question is therefore whether
or not the Negro wishes to have a sepa-
rate history. apart from the general his
tory Of this country, or what justification
there Is other than the purely sentimental
reasons he sometimes gives himself and
the wholly unjustifable reasons usually
given him for having a separate tradition
IN contrast or addition to the tradition he
can acquire and claim as an American,
enjoying theoretically at least all OF the
benefits Of free education and democratic
institutions.
For very different reasons and very d.
verse hopes then the speaker found him.
self forced to believe In a race history
and a race culture. The desire to preserve
our past commits US to a racial conscious
ness and requires OF US the development
Of q sense for corporate interests and des-
tinies. Indeed the tendencies and facts
which threaten the solidarity and perpe-
tuity Of distinct Negro tradition In this
country may prove the ultimate stumbling
blocks In the way OF our progress The
historical dilemma Of the American Ne
gro Il the painful position OF standing be-
tween two heritages,-one lost. the other
not fully acquired: the one something for
which We have as yet no definite use and
the other something which may not have
permanent satisfaction for US.
This situation is both the price and the
reward OF the Negroes unique history.
Later he may be as anxious to take the
advantages OF the alternatives as he II 1T
present to escape the Disadvantages of
this situation Our intellectual and spir-
itual problems have q different point Of
origin from social or political or econom-
tc issues we face. and they are as likely
TO have a different solution. History and
culture. at all events, are known only as
the attributes OF nations and races. One
cannot raise the question Of history with
out raising the question OF race or ma
tionality.
Any one who surveys at all closely the
estate Of culture or the field OF history
will md that II has its fences and propri-
etary rights. quite as material In their
way as the fences and property deeds OF
any civilized community. They VIII zee
that no people has acquired a passport TO
culture. citizenship and the exchange civil
tiles OF civilization until II has cultivated
its own land. ; own tradition and evolved
its own culture. A people that proceeds
upon any other assumption II threatened
under the present facts at least with the
fate OF mental pariahs. Race II not only
the key 10 history. a. Disrasll said: Il b
the most legitimate and indisputabls claim
60 education and culture.
We a. Negroes need to distinguish
sharply between the claim Of education
and the claim Of mental birthrtgEC1 Il
may even be that We shall have to chooss
between them on certain occasions Ger
tAinly We must always bear the distinction
IN mind Th4 very accidents Of our birth
and history make for rs q claim upon q
civilization and q heritage OF ideas which
10 amount Of mental iuggisry and sslf
oooght mystincation can conceal from n
- nos ours In HE same literal -seusa that
u - the hereditary culture and history OF
AFyan peoples This 10 the cruz Of the
problem from the side OF education and