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The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1912-05-29

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The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1912-05-29
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The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

vorce her Officer husband. Accordingly
the Moscow charmer went through her
second divorce and short time after
wards was legally married to her grand
duke.
Nicholas had kept his tongue tightly
between his teeth during the earlier
stages of his brothers infatuation. After
ALL he reasoned, 1t was only what was
expected of a Russian grand duke. But
when Michael married the former Madame
Mamontoff. Nicholas flew into rage and
Immediately prepared to Danish the Gull
prit to some foreign. cline. When the
Dowager Empress heard of the Cars
intention she hurried to his side. Exact
information as to what passed between
the Car and his mother is wanting No
one knows just what threats the strong
minded dowager used, but Nicholas
emerged from the private cabinet in
which they had their historic meeting a
much subdued man. For appearances,
sake naughty Michael was sent to live
on his estates at Oriol and told never
to show his face again in St Petersburg
Michael has never forgiven Nicholas
for his interference in his affairs Not
that he minds being "exiled" from St.
Petersburg, because he comes TO the
capital quietly whenever he pleases. He
has the utmost contempt for his weak
ling brother and makes no attempt to
mask his dislike. During the interview
in which Nicholas told his brother of his
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24
THE GEAR AND CZARyITCH

The Car, however. Is already making
plans to foil the areh-conspirators. A
dozen years ago, before the birth of the
Czarevitch and while he was still COM
pletely under the influence of the Dow
ager Empress. Nicholas proclaimed Mich
ael the heir to the throne. Under the
Russian law of succession promulgated
by Emperor Paul. Michael WAS the nat
ural heir presumptive, followed by the
other grand dukes to the exclusion of the
Cars daughters. But the Car of All
the Russia's is not an absolute autocrat
for nothing; and he can at any time alter
the law of succession in such a way that
his Oldest daughter, the Grand Duchess
Olga, would ascend the throne in the
event of the Czarevitch's death. And
that in short, is said to be his plan to
thwart the reactionaries.
Part and parcel of this scheme to place
his oldest daughter on the throne is the
Cars present unwillingness to consent
to her marriage to any one. Obviously
her marriage to the Prince Of Wales, for
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

Punishment to Oriol, the latter is said to
have declared openly that the Czarevitch
would never reign upon the throne Of
Russia.
Nicholas has always stood In great fear
of his stronger brother. Even as boy
the Grand Duke Michael displayed extra
ordinary strength OF will. His father,
Alexander III, brought his sons up with
an iron hand, but he had all he could do
to keep Michael in control Several
times, to the anazement of Nicholas, he
openly defied his old tyrant of a father
and never stood in any fear of the many
threats of repressive treatment with
which the Gar threatened to break his
spirit.
He was early taught all the tricks of
self-defense and has often declared that
he would rather die at the hand of an
The story is told of the court physician,
a man of immense bulk and strength, who
taught the grand duke how to protect
himself against an assailant who at
tackled him from the rear. So we'll did
Michael learn the lesson that In demon
stration he threw the physician through
a great looking glass and broke two of
his front teeth.
Because of his high position the great
est care is taken of Michael. All the at
tentions of his watohful attendants, how
ever. have not. prevented him becoming
one of the most reckless riders in the
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

x,or,. m 49,. . cut. ...t-.. A..
800 - not ~ Sni.' 80
$1,000 - q nNeu s.iiai anu "te,e oNeiy
o,,e eApse's 20 pay LOT any oiiieial 1870. .,
ee' Gu res,oeh. Saurera hnoWs Jus'
inuei, eaci' oiiiciai y seems,
a.'' ~ oiiieieis nave 70 ps On .ueh ssai"
% " NJ" iiiuoh tney tahe'
The Killing of Hunchhack
NJ. ,,,st - .'7..,.z ,- -.
e,,'ata.a, ','.'e ,il Gu No" esst' IA
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oe 49,, - p ;rs4e,' ~. nav neasu
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80, ,.n., 70 assassii l eaoreia
",ats1.,,a ieiei,eu ~ me mayor %
.s..-ts, 70, VIZ y CLOSELY ahieu WITH .ne
i p,esuei' Wanteu 70 Duy certain conee
ia'. III, witch pe.ohseu 70 q nunch-
os,.r.-.. = ne ,lunciioacK refused 70 sen OF
80 "ise 1ispose Q, IT. re hau, ~ lew
49, aneaus ioaheu me mayor ssVD IN
soiu' ou' eouiu NOT get ms i,i'eies. Aur
any sa.isiaetloh OF ,he ueo'' ana ne
se,lr 81 ena' ms propeIsy wou'u 20 .ns
same way lie transferred II 70 ms ehil,
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

rayed almost the entire court, most of
the grand dukes and the great official
class. For years these reactionaries have
succeeded in thwarting most of the ef-
forts of Nicholas and the liberals who
are working with him. It is this ALL
powerful class that has put its money
on the Grand Duke Michael and which
will stop at nothing to gain It's end.
Michael and his fellow plotters have
even won over Rasputin, the Cars latest
pet priest, who is said to have had the
courage to urge upon his royal patron
the claim of Michael in preference to
those of the Czarevlteh. He is said to
have suggested cautiously. the promul-
cation of decree setting aside the son
in favor of the brother, on the grounds
OF the formers poor health"
Meanwhile Michael is directing his in
trigues from his estate in remote Oriol.
whittier he was banshed by his brother
Nicholas some years ago. For years
Michael lived up to the reputation of
Russian grand duke by leading the Wild
est kind of life in st. Petersburg So
ciety. Eventually ne fell In love violently
with the wife of Sergius Mamontoff, a
Moscow millionaire. She was the daugh-
ter of a Russian senator and had pre-
vlously gained an undesirable reputation
because Oh the frequency with winch Sne
changed her lovers.
Even a Moscow millionaire does not
care to oppose Russian grand duke and
a possible Car of the future. When
Madame Momontoff heard from the lips
of Michael that he loved her she imme-
diately told her husband. Accordingly a
divorce was arranged. This was not en-
tirely TO Michaers liking, as he had no
intention at that time Of marrying the
% he, oh ioi
cavalry officer to marry her, and then
separated the couple by using his infiu-
ence to have the officers regiment trans
ferred to a distant post
But Michael reclSoned without the clever
woman who had him in her tolls. 1t was
not long before he was SO madly infat-
uated that he was calling upon her to d.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24
Hotel in Capital of Costa Rico

the country is, to use a disgusting ex-
preston, rotten, and that the dollars
here are worth only 6 cents OF our
money, but nevertheless the planters
are growing rich and the coffee crop
brings in millions a year. 1t is due
TO Cabrera that railroads are being
built and that the iron track running
from New York through Mexico will
soon be laid across Guatemala to the
capital of Salvador, so that we may in
time go to Panama on the cars. II is
due to him that education is being
pushed throughout the republic, and
that new peon law which proposes to
do away with Indian slavery has been
enacted.
Afraid of Assassins
And now take Cabrera as the Abdul
Hamid of Central Americal When Alb
dull Hamid was sultan he was half crazy
from his fear of assassination. Every
thing that was cooked for him had TO be
prepared in a certain way. and he had
his professional tasters. who, 1t was
thought would get the first bite at the
poison. He always had a revolver at his
right hand, and L was told in Constanti-
nople that there were times when he sat
up al night to watch. His career ended
by revolutiontand an enforced abdica-
ton, and he.is still trembling now that
he is in retirement.
l do not know. that Cabrera trembles.
] doubt it. He Seems to be the soul OF
bravery. but OF caution as we'll When
Secretary Knox was here he came out
OF his palace for the first time in many
months, and when his state coach drove
to the door of the palace where Mr..
Knox was entertained it was surrounded
by secret police. When it left 1t went by
the back way and II is said that others
of his journeys, taken during that visit.
were made in street hacks in order TO
avoid the danger of the state carriage
being dynamited.
1t is known that Cabrera takes a diff
ferent route every time he comes out of
his palace There are stories here OF his
always wearing a coat of mail next his
skin and that for Ions time his meals
We're prepared by his aged mother, who
sent them TO him in locked boxes. TO In
sure the food against the possibility of
being poisoned.
The president is always guarded. II
would be impossible for stranger TO en-
ter his palace. He has his army here
at the capital and a great fertilization
which commands the city. He has re-
Gently ordered automobiles with Colt ma
chine guns at the front OF them, and
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

instance, would effectively bar her from
the throne of Russia.
At the present moment the Russian
court is arrayed in two hostile camps
On the one side is Nicholas, trying in a
feeble way to put through his various
liberal reforms. He is supported by a
small army of ardent but powerless souls
who see in him their country's only hope
of salvation. On the other side is Grand
Duke Michael, a strong, robust, ruthless
iron-handed man who openly breaches a
return to the absolute autocracy that
trampled under an iron heel the ignorant,
suffering population. Standing with him
is the sinister figure of the most power
full woman in the whole world today, the
Dowager Empress Marie, the leader of
the reactionaries and anti-liberals of Rus
STA. For many years she exercised a
tremendous influence over Nicholas, but
eventually he threw her over, thanks to
the influence of his liberal minded wife.
Behind Michael and his mother are ar
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

- T. PETERSBURG. November o.
Especially -Undoubted the re-
~ cent mysterious illness of the
friends of Russia a bad scare. But it has
served one good purpose in exposing the
broad outlines of a court intrigue that
involves the Grand Duke Michael-the
Cars bold, bad brother-and the Dow
ager Empress Marie, and which aims at
the placing of Michael On the throne of
Russia upon the death of Nicholas and
the sweeping away of all the liberal re-
forms for which the present Gear really
has worked more than he always gets
credit for
Happily the coming of this black day
in Russia's history has been set back
by the recovery of the Czarevitch; but
even now only two lives stand between
the unhappy country and return to ter
rible days. Nicholas himself is frail and
puny, and goes in constant fear OF the
assassins hand: the Czarevitch Is none
too strong, as his recent illness showed
and until he reaches age, can hardly be
counted upon as an effective barrier be-
tween the throne and the ambitions of a
strong man like the Grand Duke Michael.
There are those who do not hesitate to
declare that the recent illness of the
Czarevitch was really due to an almost
successful attempt to kill him. Sub
stance is lent 10 this opinion by the Sc
creoy with which all the court surround
ed the affair. There is, however, moth
ing to connect the intriguing Dowager
Empress and her son with the affair." and
everything points to the assurance that
they are content to await the natural
course of events, or. at any rate, decided
to await the death of Nicholas before
striking.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24
NICHOLAS II

Russian army. When he was in st.
Petersburg he frequently took part in
regimental steeple chases and elaborate
precautions were taken to prevent the
breaking of his precious neck. High
army officers rode on either side of him,
but he soon demonstrated that none of
them was fast enough to stay with him
TO the finish. Hence the Gear finally for
bade his participation in races That was
before the little Czarevitch appeared ON
the scene and before Michael took to
openly plotting against his own flesh and
blood.
Should Michael become Gar it Is nat
ural to suppose that his morganatic wife
would remain around the corner SO to
speak. But headstrong Michael has no
such intention. His wife exercises almost
absolute control over him and indeed is
said to be the main cause of his activity
at the present moment. She is a strong,
interruptions woman, possessing remark
able beauty, and exercising an extraor-
binary fascination over all who come in
contact with her. The often expressed
determination of this woman of the peo-
pie one dayA to sit upon the throne of
Russia is SAID to have frequently excited
the wrath of the Dowager Empress. The
latter is certain, however, that once her
favorite son is Car she will be able TO
eliminate his present wife.
On the other hand Michael might not
prove as ready a tool as his mother
thinks. despite her enormous influence
over him at the present moment. Once
upon the throne and his word is law;
there is nothing to prevent him from rec
ognizing his morganatic marriage and
raising his wife to the exalted position
of Czarina- Such a change in the for
tunes of the present grand duchess would
not be as great as that of Catherine /,
who once a chambermaid in country
inn, was proclaimed as his successor by
Peter the Great.
Copyright, 1912, by Curtis Brown.)
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24
Palace of the President

boys represented the best families of the
country, and some of them We're very
young. Some were so small, ii is said,
that they We're put up on boxes before
the shooting was done This punish
ment was followed by others which e
lated to the families of the cadets. Many
of the fathers were imprisoned, and, in
one way or another, several hundred
lives are said to have been sacrificed.
The cadet captain was promised immun-
ity if he would reveal the names of
others in the plot He refused and was
thereupon shot.
How Cabrera Made an Archbishop
The president does not hesitate to pun
ish his enemies among the natives, nor
does he make any bones of asking OBJ
iectionable foreigners to leave. l was told
the other night how he treated a lawyer,
who has since left the bar and is now
an archbishop of the Catholic church.
This man was practicing in the courts
of the republic. and he had case con-
corning the use of certain water which
passed through a deserted convent. He
advised his client that the convent au-
thorities. If they again took possession
of the property, would have the right 20
hold back the water. This was inter-
.preted as being in favor of the church
authorities to whom the president is up
posed. IL is said that Cabrera was angry,
and sent for the lawyer and said to him:
Il see you have become a priestiy at
torney and are giving your opinions in
favor of the monks. Well, 1 will make
you a PRIEST
He thereupon ordered him to be pat in
the garb of a priest and to sweep out the
plaza in front of the church. The atfor-
ney was made to obey, but as he welded
the broom he decided that inasmuch as
he was thus forced into the priesthood,
he would be one in earnest. He cook up
religious work and finally became a de-
yout member of the church. He after
ward studied for the priesthood and was
made an archbishop. He now acts as
such in this country, although it must
necessarily be in quiet way
A Land of Graft
An administration based on such condi-
tons could not but be honeycombed With
graft. This is so of most of the Central
American countries. Nearly every pn'-
cial is a CRATER, and every one KNOWS it.
The salaries are exceedingly low. The
president here nominally receives sal
airy of $500 a year, sum that would
not probably pay his expenses for q single
month. Subordinate officials are sropor-
tionately poorly paid. The situation il
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

He that only rules by terror
: Doeth grfevous wrongl
Deep as hell l count his error,
Let him hear my song.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

there are Americans here who are In
structing him and his men in their use.
Should a revolution arise. the people IN
the streets might be moved down with
Calling guns, and the past actions of the
president lead to the belief that he
would use them.
The Narrow Escapes of President
AS to the danger of the assassination Of
President Cabrera, there is no doubt or
that Every one here knows that he takes
his life in his hand when he goes outside
his palace and some of the attempts
made TO kill him are a matter OF terri
BILE record. The first public demonstration
was in 1907 now five years ago, when a
mine exploded and killed his horses ana
coaehman. This plot was carefully aid.
The president had coffee plantation
some distance away from the city and
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

there was a certain street through which
he usually drove in going to it. The con-
spirators made tunnel under this street
and in the middle of it secreted dynamite
bombs with which electric wires were
connected, so that they could be set off
instantly.
The plotters then bribed the coachman
by paying him $1,000 Guatemala dollars,
a sum equal to about 5000 American, TO
drive slowly as he passed over this spot.
They We're TO explode the dynamite just
as soon as the horses had gone by, the
idea being that the coach and the presi-
dent would be blown into the air, out
that the coachman in some way might
escape. The man in charge Of the cleo
tricity did his work. but ne acted a mo-
ment too soon He put his finger OF the
button Just as the horses reached the
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

He that only rules by terror
Doeth grfevous wrongl
Deep as hell / count his error,
Let him hear my song.
A ND so let the poet Tennyson in
"a troduce my story of the great
4 \ and good friend of the United
States, Manuel Estrada Cabrera. the
president of this Guatemala republic
There is no doubt of the ruling by ter
ror. Every man, woman and child in the
country is afraid of him, and he who
would criticise him gets behind the wall
and speaks with bated breath.
My first experience as to the fear
which permeates the hearts of the Qua
temalans was In a hotel in the capital
OF Costa Rica. had spoken of Cabrera,
and in an ordinary tone was telling
story had heard concerning him to an
American who had large interests in
Guatemala. He begged me TO speak
low, saying that there were,spies every
where and that could not say anything
in Central America that Cabrera would
not hear. Here in Guatemala / am told
that the president knows everything
even what each man eats for dinner.
and as to the guests that sit down at
his table. In many cases the very
is said to be honeycombed with his
spies. There is absolutely no freedom
of the press. although now and then the
newspapers criticize the administration.
Such criticisms, however, are always
directed from the palace, and are mere
ly dummy expressions to give the i'm
preston abroad that freedom exists.
The Man of Blood and Iron
President Cabrera is Guatemala
man of blood and iron. He is a COM
bination of strength and weakness. of
greatness and the reverse. In some
respects he reminds one of Nero, in
others of Napoleon and again of Abdul
Hamid. the now dethroned sultan Of
the Turkish empire He was Napoleon
IN his grabbing the presidency. and a
Nero and Caligula in some of his acts
since he took charge. now over fourteen
years ago. He has been Napoleon IN
his arbitrary rule. which has kept the
people quiet, and put down revolutions
with an iron hand. order is better kept
In Guatemala than in any other Cen
trail American republic. except Costa
Rica, and the people are far better OFF
z than those of Honduras or Nicaragu
Il Is true that the financial system OF
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1912-11-24

spot. There was mighty explosion and
a part of the street rose into the air.
killing only the horses and eoachman and
leaving the president safe
1t was some time after that before
the whole plot was laid bare, and 1t was
then only that Cabrera realized the
treachery of his coachman. 1t is said
that he had already given present 20
the coaehman's widow, and had proyid ed
for his family At the same time arrests
were made by wholesale, the jails were
filled with suspects and the trials we're
secret 1t is said that some were tortured
to make them confess.
The Conspiracy of the Cadets
The plot of the army cadets against the
life of Cabrera was quite as tragic and
its results were even more terrible This
occurred in 1908, about year after the
attempt to blow him up in the streer.
One of the finest buildings here in Qua
temala City is the military academy and
among the best young men and boys OF
Guatemala are those Who are educated
there for the army. At this time the
flower of the students had been chosen
to act as a guard of honor to the presi-
dent They We're in full uniform and
were stationed in front of the palace
when our American minister Major
tails. The arrangements We're such that
the president was to walk through dou-
BILE file of them as ne came back to the
palace, and the plot gotten up by hese
boys was that they were all to shoot al
him as he came in.
This plot failed for the same reason Us
the first. One of the boys shot an instant
before the time set, and before the Others
could follow, the president threw himself
fiat on his face on the street IT was
thought that he had been mortailS
wounded and before the others could fire
at him German official in the pay o.
the president threw himself on top o.
Babrera as he lay on the street. | lie
lieve there We're several more shots fired
but the guards rushed In and the cadet.
We're overpowered Up to this time every
one supposed that the president wa
dead, but a moment later he rose and j
was then discovered that only his littl,
finger had been hit.
And now came the real tragedy. Cab
rera ordered the cadets be arrested, and
he had them lined urs-snd every tentl
boy shot. He then directed that TIL,
bodies be thrown on a cart and carried
to the cemetery. This act was done OF
the spur of the moment, and it create
great Indignation among the people. The