Arizona republican., 1912-12-29

build, florii in eompiexion, always stu diously occupied, now copiously filling his notebook when the testimony was exciting; now, when the trial Jagged, burying his spectacled nose in Latin version of Omar Khayyam. He was Olaf A. Tveitmoe of San Francisco.
 Another man toward whom the eyes of the spectators often strayed was Herbert s. Hockin. He sat apart, be- tween bailiffs. during much of the trial. for he had been branded by the court as "a man who could not be trusted by any one" It was Hockin who was accused of holding out" on the pay of the dynamiters; it was he who was said to have caused a quarrel in the ranks of the McNamaras and McMani- gal. and it was he who finally was charged with "betraying for his own gain" those with whom he once as sociated. and with whom he was af- filiated in the iron workers union.
 Gray haired and old beyond his years sat Frank M. Ryan, president of the iron workers union, by virtue of which office he was a leader in national
 
 cils of the American Federation of Labor.
 McManigal. the self conferred Lyna- miter. for weeks occupied the witness stand, relating, calmly, decisive and without any apparent concern for him self a narrative of violence seldom equalled.
 And what were the antecedents of this trial?
 Back in the summer of 1905 dyna- mite was found at New Haven, Conn. on job on which union workmen were employed. Later the iron work. CTS union called a strike on several contractors, and the strike became gen. eral. That was the beginning, accord ing to the government, and in spread until McNamara organized a "dyna- miting crew" Altogether 100 explosi- ons occurred, those at Los Angeles be- ing among the number.
 Two striking coincidences attended the trial.
 One was that on October 1. 1911, ex- actly one year after the Los Angeles Times" building was blown up with a loss of 21 lives, the federal authori- ties at Indianapolis first considered the possibility of prosecutions for illegal interstate shipment of dynamite and nitroglycerin on passenger trains. Ortie E. McManigars confession, obtained after he and the McNamara brothers had been arrested. implicated others as having actually carried explosives in suit-cases on trains. or as having ent- cred into a conspiracy. This indicated, in District Attorney Charles w Mil ler's opinion, the necessity for grand jury investigation. Indianapolis was the headquarters of John J. McNamara, secretary of the iron workers union, and the point at which, it was charged. the conspiracy was entered into and from which the explosives were carried
 Another coincidence was that the second anniversary of the Times ex- plosion. The federal grand jury, after several months investigation. return ed indictments against 54 union labor officials. Before the defense began it's case this number had been reduced to Al on account of various eliminations.
 As a motive for the crimes charg- ed the government referred to the strike against employers of non-un- ion labor. consisting of bridge. via duct and building contractors who maintained an open shop" policy. employing wOrkmen regardless of whether they belonged to the union or not This strike never has been called off. It was alleged that a warfare waged by the union spread all over the country until violence was resorted to, or. as was stated. ''picketing spread to slugging, slug ging to dynamite. and dynamite to nitroglcerin.'
 McNamara. at the headquarters of the union in Indianapolis, although later named by witnesses as the active perpetrator of the explosions, was then unsuspected by the con tractors. But the advent of McMan- igal and James B. McNamara, brother of the union secretary, as regularly hired dynamiters. working under John Us direction. and as McManigal charges, with Hockin's leadership,