The Marshall republican., 1912-03-29

Z to Produce Milk Rather Than to
n Fat.
The tail IL often measured IN judging
the COW and should reach TO or below
the hooks and carry a good switch.
This renders Il most useful in brush
ing flies. which appears to be its chief
purpose.
In Judging the quality and condition
OF the muscular Tissue Of the body one
should remember TO take into consid,
Grafton the size. age. and stage on
lactation OF the animal. The bone
and muscular Tissues In q large COW
are naturally heavier than In a small
n and there is not tho apparent TO
finement and spareness Of form in the
large breeds that 10 noted la the
smaller ones. Marked c~oarseness.
however. In any animal 10 usually
accompanied by q sluggish disposi-
ton which In a dairy COW prevents
her from performing satisfactorily.
Young heifers with irst calf usually
carry more flesh than cows OF mature
T form. All properly fed cows usually
show q higher condition OF flesh Do
vclopment toward the close OF their
iactation and prior TO freshening than
they do when four or nve months o.
vanced In iactation.
The udder.-The udder IA the milk
secreting organ and its proper devst
opnent Is. therefore. essential. In
many instances cows OF large digestive
capacity and OF dairy breeding have
failed In production apparently on no
count OF poorly developed udders. The
udder consists of two large glanda
each OF which 10 moro or less distInct
ly divided to correspond with each a
the four teats and form the quarters
The duct OF each teat enters n small
cavity termed tho milk cistern. Ths
milk cistcrn OF each quarter is more
or less surrounded by iobes OF glans
tissue held In position and closely to
gether by connecting tissue. These
lobes may be likened 10 thick bunchcs
OF grapes since each lobe has severn
lobuies corresponding TO the grapes
The lc5ules are made OF small divisions
called alyeou which correspond 10 the
seeds OF grapes. These aiveoli are
constructed OF small cells surrounded
by n fine network OF blood vessels and
nerves and IL Is by these cells that the
milk Is secreted.
The best cows have comparatively
large udders with equally developed
quarters extending well forward uns
derneath the body and a good distance
up behind and between the thighs
Poor attachment giving q swinging or
pendant type OF udder and deficiency
and irregularity In the development Of
the quarters are criticisms to be Of
fered on many cows. The quality Of
the udder when examined by handling
should reveal gland tissue Of fne.
plastic texture rather than fatty tissue
or q texture that Is coarse and hard
The cIreuiatory system.-This sys-
TEN determines the activity OF tho
COW with respect to all parts Of the
body. Only when In perfect health
and all parts OF the body are actively
performing their respective functions
can the dairy COW be expected to yield
a large flow OF milk. When the COW
Is sick or by virtue OF her poor indt
viduality is duh and morbid there ID
an inactivity Of all the glands OF the
body resulting In a dry. harsh condi-
ton OF the skin, a staring coat. and q
low production OF milk. The ~circular
tory system includes the heart, lungs.
arteries and veins since these organs
respectively force. purify and carry
blood to and from all parts of tho
body. When food becomes digested
and asslmilated the blood must carry
II to the parts OF the body demanding
II and In the dairy COW the glands of
the udder demand a large share of the
nourishment OF the blood for the score
tion OF milk. The size aud character
OF the milk veins. more properly
termed "mammary veins" and tho
milk wells on the underside OF the
body are the best Indications of how
much blood passes through the udder
These veins do not cary milk as some
people believe. but carry q large por.
ton OF the blood away from the udder
The blood passes into the uddsr
through arteries located deep on the
inner side OF the thighs. II one were
standing below a mill propelled BY
water wheel and noted the race Allsa
with water from tho mill he woS11
have reason to believe that the MIN
was In operation and performing ~
work. Likewise when one observe
large. branching mammary veins 60
tsring the body through wells OF 80
Client sise TO avoid Q vein becoutns
gorgsd he has reason to believe thae