davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
TRAITS OF CHILDREN.
How Parents of the Balkan
States Raise Their Offspring.
Montsnegrin Youngsters Taught to
Fight Turks to the Death-In Bu!-
garia Racial Hatred Is Taught
In Public Schools.

Uzhitse. Servia.-One cannot help
wondering during wartime what the
children of the belligerent nations
think about it ALL How do the panics,
the carnage, the firing of guns appear
to their young minds?
It is fairly easy to answer this ques-
ton so far as Montenegro is concern
ed, for from the earliest age children
take the keenest interest in their IA,
theirs collection of weapons and the
dozen or so knives, pistols and other
knick-knacks he wears in his wide
belt.
A Montenegrin would be just as like
ly to go for a stroll down the village
street without his entire arsenal as
Philadelphia dandy would be likely to
walk down Chestnut street without
MS collar.
In Spain I used to watch the chill
dren play, and here the game was in
variably bull-fghting, but in Monte
negro the only game for babies is war
TO the death with the Turk.
The MontenegriIs are stern race,
and the fathers, though devoted to
their children, do not believe in PAM
pering them. Indeed, discipline is
strictly maintained in the home.
But / shall not easily forget the face
of Prince Mirko, the second son of
King Nicholas, and the idol of the ma
ton, when he told me of the death Of
his two children. They caught typhoid
fever in Nice and died within a few
days of each other.
.'Have you any children" he asked
me.
"None," replied.
"Well, you may thank heaven for
that" said he, ''for you will never go
through the agony suffered veri-
ly thought my heart was broken and
that I never could be happy again.
'As it is, I cannot bear to hear the
Riviera mentioned, and wild horses
will not drag me to Nice again"
Servian children are like pretty lit
tie dolls with great dark eyes, and
wearing long white shirts under
charming brown suede leather zouave
Jackets edged with fur.
These jackets are most quaint and
original, and are decorated with ara
besques ands devices of gaily colored
feathers and pieces of looking glass
sewn in imitation of sprays and flow
ers.
The fur is left on the reverse side
SO that the coats are very warm.
have often wondered on broiline
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
BOSTON CHILD KEPT DIGNITY
Matron Meant to Be Kindly, But
Youngster Was Not Converse
tioaalIy Inclined.

This story has been going the
rounds of Boston about the ten-year-
old sen of Director Russell of the
Boston opera house.
One evening during an entr'acte at
the opera house Master Russell was
pomenading alone in the foyer, in
taultessly evening dress-a very glass
Of fashion. A Boston matron, seeing
that he was lonely, began to make her
self agreeable"
You are Director Russelfs little
boy, aren't your" she asked, with
patronizing sweetness.
Master Russell resented this intru-
sion on his dignity, but his courtly
manners were unruffled. Eyes.
madam" he replied, with an elabor-
Rte bow.
Where were you born?"
IN France, madam"-slightly more
frigid
What part?" continued the lady,
feeling the conversation well started.
All of me, madam"
And he bowed and walked away
Judge.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29

Flat rosettes and velvet roses, ana
Hfe.like roses of ribbon, more WONDER,
fully well made than ever, are the Iad
~ the hour. With small, compact
nosegays made OF ribbon or millinery
flowers. they divide honors in mllady 5
favor. For furnishing separate glroies
fat ribbon rosettes are used. Inc
corsa ee rose is fastened just above
She waist line and it is superb toucn
10 the dinner or evening toilet. me
exquisite little nosegays bloom on an
sorts Of dress and are liked for the
ta;lor-made coat with its dainty nnlsn
If white plaitings at the collar ano
sleeves Two American Beauty roses
sre shown here made Of satin ribbnn-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Turklsh CountIno of Time.

Through the center Of the mosque
Of st. Sophia runs the theoretical
meridian which gave the Turks true
local time-one hour and fifty-six min
ates fifty-two seconds fast on Green
wich-until, two years ago, the new
government fell in with the standard
system of time zones, and came into
the eastern European zone, exactly
two hours ahead of Greenwich time.
For religious purposes, however, IL
o'clock always happens at sunset, and
noon thus wanders with the seasons
all round the clock.-We
Gazette
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29

Each petal is carefully curled ana
tucked at the edges to look like q
cleaning natural rose. The ribbon is
in two and sometimes three shades
and millinery foliage of the most nat
ural-looking variety is used with the
roses. Finally, not to disappoint any.
one, the flowers are scented with altar
of roses.
There is nothing that could be bet
Ter for Christmas gift than the cor
sage rose or the little nosegay. In
the latter the stems are wound with
tinfoil matching the flowers in color
and tied with a bow of baby velvet
rib5on of the same color.
JULIA BoTToMLEH
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Too Great Expectations.

First Angler-Look, this fish was
almost caught before; see the broken
hook in its mouth.
Second Angler-It should have had
sense enough to steer clear of hooks
after that.
First Angler-Oh, come, you can't
expect a fish to exhibit more sense
man human being.-Boston Trans.
cript.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Marries Convict.

Columbus, O.-Half an hour after
being sentenced to two years in the
pen here, for burglary. Floyd Holly, a
negro, was married. The bride secur-
ed the license and paid the preacher.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
MOI the Same,

"You used to call your wife Kit
ten"
Il know, but she has grown since
then."-Judge.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Limit.

Here's your portrait, sir"
mat my portrait? Well, / may
u aave sat for it, but I won't stand for
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Excentional child.

First School Teacher-Does Edfth'sa
little girl ever make any bright ans-
swers?
Second School Teacher-No; she all
ways knows her lessons.-Judge.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29

A deaf mute in Ohio recently gave a
minister a $3.50 marriage fee. A wife
ought to be worth that to deaf man.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29

Inc first time a young man is in
U'e he honestly believes he means
what he says.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1912-11-29
Society,",

Mrs. Wayupp-No wonder look
worried, my dear. My husband has
just gone out, and If he is discovered
it will probably cost US our social po-
sition.
Mrs. ase-Goodness! Where is
he?
Mrs Wayupp-He has gone out in
cog. to pay a bill.-Puck.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
Inter Island Happenings

and will give the settlers exceptional
advantages.
Papaaloa.
The Papaaloa store is doing so large
"a business they have had to engage
an assistant bookkeeper
F. J. Hare, postofTice Inspector, has
been around
E. K Simmons, deputy sheriff for
North Hilo, has moved to his Kihalani
homestead.
The Murray girls paid Hakalau a
visit for dental work.
Papaaloa is in line now, as it has a
butcher shop to supply its meat eat
ers.
Mrs. Amancio Ignacio of Waipuna-
lei is reported to be under the doctor s
care.
Pohakupuka.
The dedication of the Buddhist
church at Pohakupuka, adjoining the
Japanese, took place on January Is.
Appropriate exercises were held at
the school in the morning. and tie
dedication in the afternoon.
|, An Grafton on the growth of BUD.
'dhism in Hawaii was delivered by the
Japanese pastor of Honomu. People
from all over the district came to at
tend the dedication.
Pohakupuka is being made lively
spot for the Japanese, by the many
"shibayas" that have come and are
coming to entertain their fellow coun.
trymen.
The boys of the Pohakupuka school
government are busy removing and
repairing the school fences.
Work now at the Maulau bridge is
in full blast.
Olaa.
Mrs Holland was taken to the Hilo
hospital yesterday She has append
citis and will 90 under an operation.
We haven't had rain for several
weeks. The weather is quite warm,
and the plants look as if they are
thirsting Tor rain; the people, too,
presume.
The High school is built far from
any standing water or frog ponds, ana
the school is TWO stories high one
day when one OF the girls opened her
desk a large frog jumped out. It
caused much excitement in the schoo'
room.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
STABILITY
FOR AEROPLANES

Consul General John L. Griffiths,
London: 1t is stated in London pub
LEGATION, that an engineer in India
who has given close study to the ques-
ton of aerial fight has made an i'm
portant discovery regarding the equi-
hbrium of aeroplanes After many
tests he has succeeded, it is stated,
in securing an almost automatic sta
bility in flight A recent test was
made in India with the invention
fitted to an aeroplane model. The
craft was cast into the air from a high
point and it Immediately floated, be-
ing influenced only by a gradual drop
toward the earth. The aeroplane
moved quickly. 1t maintained its
equilibrium throughout.
It is claimed that the principle of
the invention, if built into an aero
plane, would render perfect the float.
ing" of an air craft upon an "even
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
KING OF COMMERCE

Continued from page nine.(
and their mother, a sister of the
fifth Baron Wynford, devoted herself
to securing the best education for her
boys, for she had no fortune to give
them. She has succeeded beyond her
hopes. Besides the colossus of ship
ping, there is Lord st. Davids, a name
to conjure with in big financial un-
dertakings all over the world, and
Colonel Ivor Philips, NJ. p for
Southampton, whose political and mil
itary record has been in keeping with
the family prowess in other fields.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
NIB. eERNpT,s POSITION.

Commissioner e. A. Berndt states
that he did not second motion to
refer the complaint of Commissioner
Mccarthy against r. o. Matheson
to the attorney general. According
to the minutes there was no formal
motion to that effect but a statement
by Chairman Campbell, after the dis
cussion, that the matter would be 70
ferred to the attorney general. The
Star report was received by telephone
just as the second edition was going
to press and the reporter did not
have a chance to go into details, the
latter part of the report being based
on hurried queries from the office end
about final action Berndt in reality
opposed taking the matter up, agree
ing with McStockers views.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
SEALED TENDERS.

Sealed tenders will be received by
the Board of Harbor Commissioners
up until , p. H. of Wednesday, March
6, 1912, for the reconstruction and i'm
provement of Napoopoo Wharf, Ha.
wall.
The plans, specifications and pro
posal blanks are on file in the Office
Of the Superintendent of Public
Works, Capitol Building.
The Board of Harbor Commission
ers reserves the right to reject any
or all tenders or parts Of tenders.
MARSTON CAMPBELL,
Chairman Board of Harbor Commits
sioners.
Honolulu, February Z, 1912
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
NOTICE OF SAIL OF PUBLIC LANDS

At y O'Clock nncH, saturday, Feb
ruary 10, 1912, at the front door to the
Capitol Building, Honolulu, there will
be sold at public auction, under Part
", Section II, Land Act 1895, Section
PIG Revised Laws of Hawaii, the fol
lowing described land
(D That certain strip of land in
Block 16, College Hills Tract, contain
ing an area of 1000 square feet
Upset price $1,000.
p That certain piece of land sit
uate at Waimea, Hawaii, containing
an area of 1885 square feet.
Upset price $500,
This lot is sold under the express
condition that the said lot is to be
used for charitable purposes only,
Cost of patent and stamp to be paio
by purchaser.
For maps and further Information
apply at the office of the Commits
sioner of Public Lands, Capitol Build
ing, Honolulu
CHARLES S. JUDD,
Commissioner of Public Lands.
Honolulu, December 8, 1911.
1Ot-Dec 8, 16, %, 80, 1911; Jan. C, 10
20, 81, Feb. 8, 9, 1912.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
SETS GARAGE ON FIRE
TO BRING FATHER HOME.


LYNBROOK, l.. l., January 27.-"I
want my papa to come home" said
four-year-old Leonard Half yesterday
to his mother, Mrs. William p. w.
Half, whose husband, a coal dealer,
is also ex-chief of the Lynbrool Vol
unteer Fire Department.
But papa is busy now, dear, he'll
be home this evening" said the
mother.
81 know how to get him now said
Leonard, as he ran from the house.
Soon there was a cloud of smoke
from the garage in the rear, and
Leonard came rushing back.
Quick, mamma, the barn is burn
ing; call papa" shouted the young
ster.
Mary Vine, maid in the Half
home, rushed into the garage and
found some loose hay atire on the
floor. She threw a blanket over the
hay, and then pitched it into the
street with a hay fork. The firemen
didn't come after all, and Leonard
was much disappointed, Papa, how
ever, was summoned by telephone,
and after Leonard had admitted kind
ling the hay he was sorry papa had
come home.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
ANNUAL MEETING.

PIONEER MILL COMPANY, LTD.
The annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Pioneer Mill Company,
Ltd, will be held at the office of its
agent, H. Hackfeld & Co., Ltd, Homo
lulu, on Friday, the 10th day of Feb
ruary, 1912, at 10 o'clock a. m
In. addition to any regular business
that may be brought up at said meet
ing, the matter of increasing the cap
ital stock and changing the par value
of the shares of the Company, and of
amending it's Articles of Incorporation
will be considered.
BY order of the Board of Directors
H. HUGO,
Acting Secretary.
February 5, 1912.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09

keel" and would make topping over
or sudden dropping impossible. Sharp
turns can be made also, it is said, and
an accident to the motor is rendered
of small importance The details of
the invention are a secret. The Brit
les War Office will be asked to test
the cOntrivance.
The authorities have also been Of
fered torpedo for aerial use invented
by an Australian engineer.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09

EAST WALPOLE, Mass, January
Robert p. Bass of New
Hampshire will be married here
January 20 to Miss Edith H, Bird,
who is prominent in local society.
After a wedding trip of two weeks
they will take up their residence in
Concord, N. II.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
-, ANNUAL MEETING.
Oahu Sugar Co., Ltd.

Oaile CNSal wv LANs
The annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Oahu Sugar Co, Ltd,
will be held at the Office of it's agent,
H. Hackfeld & Co., Ltd, Honolulu, on
Thursday, the 18th day of February,
1912, at 10 o'clock a m.
In addition to any regular business
that may be brought up at said meet
ing, the matter of increasing the cap.
ital stock of the company, and of
amending it's articles of incorporation
bylaws accordingly, will be con
sidered.
BY order of the Board of Directors.
H. HUGO,
Acting Secretary.
3ts-Feb. 3, 8, IA.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
ANNUAL MEETING.

PONAHAWAI COFFEE CO., LTD.
The Annual Meeting of the Share
holders of the Ponahawai Coffee Com.
pany Limited, will be held at the
Office of its agents, c. Brewer &
Company, Ltd, in Honolulu, on Thurs
day February 18th, 1912, at 1880
O'Clock A. M.
II. NJ, WHITNEY,
Secretary
Honolulu, February l, 1912.
6ts-Feb. 2, s, 7, 8, ~, IA.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
A HINT.

Did your cook say right out that
she wanted you all to stay home that
EVENING""
mo, but she put onions in every
mouthful of food we had to eat that
day"
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
ANNUAL MEETING.

WOODLAND FRUIT CO., LTD.
The Annual Meeting of the Share
holders of the Woodlawn Fruit Com
pany, Limited, will be held at the
office of it's agents, c. Brewer e.
Company, Ltd, in Honolulu, on Fri.
day, February 18th, 1912, at o'clock
p. NJ.
RICHARD IVERS,
Secretary.
Honolulu, February 1, 1912.
6ts-Feb. 2, 3, Z, 9, ~, IA.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
Kona

kOnd,
There was nice shower on Jan
uary 81, just enough to moisten the
ground
Mr.. Macfarane gave a dinner on
Tuesday night, at which the Rev d.
D. Wallace, Mrs. Wallace and Mr. A,
L. Greenwell were guests.
Mrs. f. r. Greenwich gave a bridge
party on Saturday afternoon.
Mrs. 7. White gave a dance on Sat.
urday night.
PahaIa!
Mr.. Ramselw of Cation & Neill was
in Kau the latter part of the week.
A. Gartley left Pahala Wednesday
for Hilo.
The Hutchinson and II. A. Co. mills
are only able to grind half time, on
account of lack of water.
In Pahala. January 81, a daughter
was born to Mr.. and Mrs Joe Robello.
Congratulations
Waiohinu.
Miss Elsie Sanders, who had been
visiting with the Beckers, received a
wireless January "a informing her OF
the death of her father, the harbor
pilot, on the S. s. Cleveland, in Homo.
lulu She left for that place the same
day.
J. T. Moir Eugene Horner and
Chas +. King, the investigating com
mittee appointed by the Board Of Edu-
cation, were in the district several
days last week taking evidence in re-
gard to the Hilea school scandal
On January 26 a baby girl was born
at the home of Frank Cypriano and
wife. As they already had two girls
in the family. Frank rather wanted a
lineman to assist him in his telephone
duties.
Judge Matthewman was in Waio-
hinu the oath, and held the regulai
equity term of the third circuit court.
The only matter that was brought TO
his attention was the estate Of the late
Adolpe Heuer who was killed in the
mill at Honoapo some months ago.
Sheriff Pua is spending a few days
in Waiohinu for his health.
Miss Jennie Jones, one Of Waio-
linus popular school teachers, leaves
February Z for a trip TO Honolulu.
DR.. Schwallie Of Pahala was in this
end of the district on the 3lst on
business connected with his position
as tax assessor. OF course We are
generally glad to see the doctor, bu
on this occasion we would rather HI
! had stayed at home.
Manager w. G. Ogg and wife Of Pa
hala passed through WaiOhinu Sunda,
/ in their new locomotive.
Senator George c. Hewitt of thu
First Senatorial district, was on thu
sick list the fore part of last week
but at the present time is able to b.
about again.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
The Yokohama Specie Bank
LIMITED.

General banking business transact
ed. Savings account for 81 and up
wards
Fire and burglar proof vaults, with
Safe Deposit Boxes for rent at 50 per
year and upwards
Trunks and cases to be kept Oh
custody at moderate rates.
Particulars to be applied for
YU AKAI, Manager.
Honolulu Office, Bethel and Merchant
Streets.
Tel. 2421 and 1894. p. o. Box 1853.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
RICHARD IVERS,
ANNUAL MEETING.

KALOPA AGRICULTURAL co. LTD.
The Annual Meeting of the Share
holders of the Kalopa Agricultural
Company, Limited, will be held at the
office ofits agents, c. Brewer & Com
pany, Ltd, in Honolulu, Thursday
February 18th, 1912, at o'clock p.
NJ
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
Visitors
Invited

We extend a most cordial In
vitation to all interested in
pure milk to visit our depot on
Sheridan Street. In this depot
is handled all the milk distrib-
uted by us and the visitor can
see in the extreme cleanliness
here the idea that we are en-
forcing at every contributory
dairy.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09

Fine Job Printing, Star ofhce.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
RICHARD IVERS,

~ 2 vi ,
Honolulu, February 1, 1912.
6ts-Feb 2, 5, 7, 9, ~, IA.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1912-02-09
A Social Surprise.


A pleasant surprise party was given
at Waiohinu in honor of L. H. Rogers,
one of our local attorneys, on Satur-
day. January :, at Mrs Mccarthy S,
where many of Waiohlnu's enjoyable
functions are held.
The Sth was the birthday annlVer-
sary of Mr.. Rogers, but the ladies' OF
the village had carefully planned a
surprise dinner for him the evening
before After being in court for the
better part of the day he was induced
to make an early trip to his home
stead at Kaunamano, three miles
away.
| After his arrival there he received
note from a friend asking him to
return to Waiohinu on matter OF
great importance. Upon his arrival
at the popular old hotel, he was rushed
upon by a party of well wishers Csome
having just arrived in an auto from
Naalehu) with numerous many happy
returns of the day" Soon all were
comfortably seated at two long tables,
tastily decorated in the dining hall
where toasts were drank, and toasts
drank again. and where pig and tur-
key were added to the many other
dainty and delicious dishes.
After the dinner the entire party
pariticipated in dancing to the music
of a fine quintet orchestra at the old
skating hall, until the 'wee small
hours" The occasion will long be re-
nembered by all Among those pres
emf were Mr.. and Mrs. Rogers, Mrs,
Mccarthy. Judge c. Henry White
Mrs. O. E. Moran, Mrs. G. c. Hewitt
Mr.. and Mrs. W. H. Hayselden, MT
and Mrs. Becker, Misses J. B. Jones'
Louise Meinecke, Eliza Gibson violet
Wilson Mr.. and Mrs. Dawson, Mr.
Jno. x. Kai, Mr. David Ewaliko, Mr..
VIM. Glib, Mr.. Duncan, Mr.. and Mrs,
Eaton Mrs. r. Campbell, Mr.. Chas'
Meinecke, Mr.. and Mrs, Wilson, and
others.
Hakalau.
January 16, 1912, at Yokohama
Japan. daughter born to Mr. and
Mrs. Mckenzie, formerly of Hakalau
Fifty-two lots will be opened fol
demonstrating in Hakalau probably II
April, extending mauka from the gov
eminent road, a little on the Hilo sid
of the Hakalau store, with the eXcep
ton of narrow strip of about iiy'
hundred feet directly mauka Of tn
, main road, which has been reserve,
by the government. On the extension
, of this strip lie the school and tn
! Catholic church, which, together witt
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1912-07-03
!. " ~ 10 m ~ m ~ ~ n w,H n r. ~ 6
Challenges Judge strans's Authority

Challenges Judge Strang's Authority
Editor Leader; | note that Judge
.Strang of the Logan county court has
rendered a decision in the Mcneil VS..
andervOort case and that the deci-
sion is in favor of Doctor Wander
wort
AS | understond il this was a case
w herein Mcneil a Santa Fe switch
man, sued Doctor Vandervoort Tor
transferring a claim out of the state
contrary to the law as passed by the
extra session of the legislature 1910.
MeNeil's wages were garnished by
the DeLong and Ruble collection firm
ol Kansas City, Mo, and Mcneil
brought suit against Doctor Wander
Acort under this law which provides
10th penalty and recovery in action
for damages.
am informed that the Judge in
deciding this case rendered an oral
opinion stating that this law was un-
constitutional.
The purpose of this law is to pro
tect the railway employee from being
made a target for the collection
sharks who conduct business out OF
the state If railway employee owes
a bill and it is a just debt, the cred
itor can go into court in this state
where all parties reside and prove