Yellowstone monitor., 1912-05-02

n Fat
The tail Is often measured in judging
the COW and should reach to or below
the hooks ana carry q good switch
This renders 1t most useful in brush.
ing flies, which appears to be its chief
purpose.
In judging the quality and condition
OF the muscular tissue OF the body one
should remember to take into consid,
GRAFTON the size, age, and stage OF
lactation Of the animal. The bone
| and muscular tissues in a large COW
are naturally heavier than In a small
| one and there is not the apparent re-
finement and spareness Of form in the
large breeds that Is noted in the
smaller ones. Marked coarseness
however, in any animal is usually
| accompanied by a sluggish disposi
tion which in a dairy cow prevents
her from performing satisfactorily
Young heifers with first calf usually
carry more flesh than cows OF mature
form. All properly fed cows usually
show higher condition Of flesh de.
veIopment toward the close of their
Iactation and prior to freshening than
they do when four or five months ad.
vanced In lactation.
The Udder.-The udder is the milk
secreting organ and its proper devel
opment is, therefore, essential Ir
many instances cows of large digestive
capacity and Of dairy breeding have
failed in production apparently on &C
count Of poorly developed udders. The
udder consists of two large glands
each of which is more or less distinct
" divided TO correspond with each
the four teats and form the quarters
The duct Of each teat enters q small
cavity termed the milk cigtern. Tn,
milk cistern Of each quarter is NOR,
or less surrounded by lobes OF CLAN
tissue held in position and closely tC
gether by connecting tissue. Thest
iobes may be ukened to thick bunche |
Of grapes since each lobe has severa
lobules corresponding to the grapes |
The lobules are made Of small division |
called alveoli which correspond to th, |
seeds OF grapes. These alveo1i ar,
constructed Of small cells surroundet |
by fine network of blood vessels ant |
nerves and 1t Is by these cells that ths
milk Is secreted.
The best cows have comparatively
large udders with equally developed
quarters extending well forward un
derneath the body and good distance
up behind and between the thighs.
Poor attachment giving a swinging or
pendant type of udder and deficiency
and irregularity in the development OF
the quarters are criticisms to be OF
fered On many cows. The quality OF
the udder when examined by handling
should reveal gland tissue Of fine
plastic texture rather than fatty tissue
o. texture that Il coarse and hard,
The cIrculatory system.-This sys.
tenn determines the activity Of the
COW with respect TO all parts Of the
body Only when In perfect health
and all parts OF the body are actively
performing their respective functions
IAN the dairy cow be expected TO yield
! large flow Of milk. When the COW
) sick % by virtue OF her poor indi.
Is dull and morbid there il
III inactivity OF all the glands OF the
,ody resulting IN dry, harsh condi
ion of the skin, staring coat, and
ow production of milk. The circula,
ory system includes the heart, lungs.
rteries and veins since these organs
espectively force, purify and carry
Hood TO and from all parts of the
'ody. When food becomes dfgested
nd assimilated the blood must carry Y
to the parts of the body demanding
and in the dairy cow the glands of
he udder demand a large share Of the
punishment Of the blood for the sacre
lon OF milk. The size and character
the milk veins, more properly
armed smammary veins" and the
liik wells on the underside Of the
ody are the best indications OF hnw :
luch blood passes through the uddar G
hese veins do not cary milk as soma
eopla believe, but carry a large nor.
On OF the blood away from the udder
he blood passes into the ulder
trough arteries located deep on the
lner side OF the thighs. II one were
.anding below mill propelled hy ! n
afer wheel and noted the race fl,ad
ith water from the mill he wonld
sve reason to believe that the min :
% in operation and performing ifs :
ork. Likewise when one observes
rye, branching mammary veins en.
ring the body through wells of sufsi =
ent size To avoid vein becomlap y
'rged he has reason to believe thar
: udder II performing It's work valI G