Bisbee daily review., 1912-11-10

ttASA thiIhHitu 10 the care OF mis-
sionary. thus definitely bringing The
Pueblo into contact with civilization
hut the scarcity OF priests available
retarded the spread of Christian truth.
In 1880, in answer TO an appeal. thirty
| more Franciseans came to the mis-
sion and worked with great success,
until August, 1850, when disputes
! having arisen between the evil and
ecclesiastical authorities. the indians
J broke into rebellion. destroyed the
| missions and the religious archives.
and murdered twenty-one of the
thirty-three Franciscans. as well as
| several hundred SOC aliBts Again In
| 1886 an insurreetion occurred and
some more of the friars lost their
lives. bat since then the Indians have
/ in general remained tranquil. though
/ in lS47 Governor Bent was murdered
/ BY Taos. melted by MeXicans: on the
other hand and the Zun. in particular
have been very friendly and faithful
{ TO the Americans, supporting them In
the MEXICAN War
Adobe Buildings Used.
In the northern part OF the Pueblo
region the village dwellings were gen
orally constructed OF sandstone OF
lava blocks: in the southern most OF
the houses were of adobe. The houses
We're generally several stories high.
With ladders OF steps on the outside.
the roof OF one story serving as a kind
| OF yerauda for the story above. The
ground floor. evidently for reasons Of
defense. had no door. entrance being
made by means of movable ladders.
The houses were owned and built by
the women, the men supplying the ma
! terials. The pottery and weaving OF
! the Pueblo Indians are the finest in
the present territory CT the United
States: while the basket work of the
Hopi in particular is highly esteemed.
= The northern Pueblo were adept az
ricultuTists. and made use Of a sys-
! TEN OF irrigation. Corn and cotton
extensively grown. Al present, beans.
chile. melons. and pumpkins are care
fully cultivated. Fish is never eaten,
and there are few domesticated ami
mails except the turkey and dog. The
pueblo men usually wore a jacket and
/ trousers of deersE.n, though now they
use woOlens: the women wear a cot
ton shirt and q wooden blanket passing
over the right and under the left
shoulder, and caught At the waist with
a long colOred sash.
Each tribe is formed OF a certain
number OF clans descent being through
/ the maternal line: formerly the clan
/ was presided over by a priest. The
! Zuni had many secret societies deal
= ing with agriculture magic, religion.
/ war, etc. These societies could he en-
Z tered only after severe Ordeals had
( been successfully borne. As a part of
an initiation ceremony among the
! tribes chosen men cladOnly ia the
/ 5reec hClOth had TO walk 10 a lake for
/ ty-fiye miles distant. under the blaz-
I ing sun, 10 deposit a plumestick and
7 pray for rain: while one OF the trials
{ TO be undersOne by a candidate for
admission to the priesthood of the
( Bow was to sit unclad for hours on
q large ant-hill. The rituals OF the
Pueblo contain many. prayers; thus
the Zuni have prayers for food, health,
| and ram.
Prayer Sticks Used.
PrayeT-sticks, that is sticks with
feathers attached as supplicatOTy OF
/ ierings TO the spirits, were largely
used by the Pueblo. These sticks are
usually made Of cottonwood. about
seven inches long, and vary in shape,
/ color. and the feather attached, &C
cording 10 the nature OF the petitions,
| and the person praying. The stick is
intended 10 represent the god to whom
| feathers convey the prayers that are
| bTeathed into the spirit OF the plume
I The HOpi had a special prayer stick
TO which a small bag OF sacred meal
was attached. Green and blue prayer
sticks are often found in the Pueblo
graves and especially in the cera-
monial graves of Arizona. Polygamy
among the Indians is unknown: the
woman is the more important element
in married life: she has the power
to divorce the husband for tritiing rea-
sons, and he then returns 10 his par
ents home, the children, il any be
longing TO the mother. In former
times the government was in the
hands of the Indian priests; since the
Spanish conquest, however, purely
civil affairs are controlled by an
elected body. The population OF the
Pueblo has remained practically sta
tionary for the last hundred years.
New Mexico containing about $500 in