davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
BOLD ROBBERY
SATURDAY NIGHT
Thief Enters House While Occupant
is Away and Steals Twenty Dol
lars, but Leaves Ten

While Mr. H S Armstrong, of 539
North High street, was down town
Saturday night between and 8
O'Clock. some one entered his house
through back window and stole
20-dollar bin from his pocketbook hid
den under the carpet in his bedroom
on the second floor of the house
Mr. Armstrong lives alone in the
house, so the thief was unmolested
during the absence of the tenant.
When the latter returned home and
went upstairs to bed he found the
carpet turned over at one place and
the bed mussed up, though nothing
else in the room was disturbed. The
thief took $50 from the purse he found
and decamped generously leaving be-
hind the purse and $40 that he either
overlooked or didn't want.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
BULGARIAN ARTILLERY.

the river Drln. At the same time the
frontiers of Servia and Montenegro
were pushed out to become continuous
About this time the great powers of
the world began TO take an active
interest In the changes. Anticipating
that Bulgaria would become a Rus
sian dependency, they refused to sane
ton the provisions of the San Stefano
treaty. The upshot of this was the
treaty Of Berlin, which limited the
new principality 10 the country be-
tween the Danube and the balkans.
curtailed the Montenegrin frontier and
restored big tracts Of the appropriated
territory to Turkey. Servia, on the
other hand, was considerably enlarged
as a result of the treaty With these
changes the complete independence of
the prlncipallties of Servia, Roumania
and Montenegro was recognized. The
claims of Greece, which had been ig-
nored at San Stefano, were admitted
at Berlin, much to that country's ter
ritorial gain.
Roumanla was proclaimed kingdom
in 1881 and Seryia during the follow
ing year. Following a naval demon
stration by the powers In 1880, Dull
cigno was given back to Montenegro
by Turkey. In compensation the Otto
man empire got the districts of PLAYA
and Guslnye.
Europe sanctioned the union Of Bull
garia and eastern Roumelia in 1886
Crete was withdrawn from the Turk
! ish administration in 1897, and the
Greco-Turkish war of that year was
followed by the cession to Turkey of
several strategical points on the Thes-
salian frontier.
-Four years ago Bosnia and Herzego-
yina were annexed to the dual mon
archy, and Bulgaria was proclaimed an
independent kingdom.
international jealousies arising from
the eastern question:" as 1t has come
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
THEATER OF THE WAR.

ALBANIA District In west Of Euro
pean Turkey, with population Of over
100000 largely Christian. This Is
one of the provinces for which auton-
omy Is demanded from Turkey.
BOSNIA AND EXTRAORDINARILY
states, with nearly 100000 inhabit-
ants, which belonged to Turkey until
1908, when finally taken over by Aus
trin. Those two states had been gov
erned by Austria since the treaty of
Berlin in 1873.
BuLGARIA--Pr Prosperous Balkan state
with population of 100000, lying
north of Turkey and east of its ally,
Seryia. Bulgaria has II considerable
coast on the Black sea.
GREECE.-lt has an area of $4,000
square miles aud a population Of 2,000,-
600 and is the only Balkan state pos
sessingNa navy.
MACEDONIA central of the three
provinces is bounded on the north by
the frontiers of the Balkan states of
Bulgaria and Servia. Its population
numbers over 100000, of whom over
half are Christian. Demand for auton-
omy In Macedonia has been chief cause
of war.
MONTENEGRO. = Its territory consti-
tutes rocky stronghold about the size
of Connecticut, with a tiny strip of sea
coast on the Adriatic sandwiched in
between Albania and Austria Hun.
gary's recently acquired province of
Bosnia. Montenegros population is
1000.
RoUMANIA.-It lies to the northeast
OF the other Balkan states, one arm
reaching up between Russia and Aus
tria- Hungary. Roumania has 100000
persons scattered over 1896 square
miles. So far it has remained neutral,
although its army has already been
modified.
SERvIA-Lying between Bulgaria and
Montenegro. Servia Is the only Balkan
state with no seacoast Its area is
about 1S,700 square miles and its popu-
lation 100000 1t is considered less
progressive than the other states.
TURKEY.-it stretches from the PROV
ince of Albania on the Adriatic sea
across Macedonia and Thrace down
into Asia. Its population, including
Egypt and other regions nomlnally un-
der the sultan's suzerainty, is nearly
36,500,000. The Turkish provinces alone
number 26,O00,000 inhabitants.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

rita After 800 Turks and 400 Monte.
negrins had been killed the Turks sur.
rendered
OCT 15.-IIe Montenegrin army
presses on Sctitari after week Of sue
cessiye victories in capturing Tufkisli
frontier posts.
Italy and Turkey sign preliminary
terms of peace.
Der 17-Turkey declares war on But
garia and Seryia. Seryia and Greece
declare war ON Turkey.
Oct. 19.-Balkan allies press Oh
Greeks under prearranged plan. Monte
negrins continue advance on Scutari
Bulgarians capture Mustafa Pasha
which commands the approach to Turk.
ish headquarters in Adrianople. Greeks
capture Elassen. Seryians push toward
Uskub. Turks are REINFORCED by 49,
600 Albanians.
OcT. 20. The bombardment of Ad.
rianopole begins.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
CITIES, TOWNS, FoRTREssEs.

ApRIANoPLE. = Commanding the ap
proach TO Constantinople because of its
situation In mountain pass it is a
point Of great strategic value. At pres
ent the Turks make 1t their headquar
tiers. Since the declaration of war the
allies have made Adrianople the target
OF their concentrated efforts. The pop
ulation of the city is ordinarily $1,000
CETISJE.-The capital of Montene
gro, with $500 inhabitants
ELAssEN.-A town In Albania, cap
tured by the Greeks after bloody fight
ing.
KIRK KuIsE. -On coast OF Thrace
twenty-five miles from Adrianpole and
reported captured by Bulgarians.
LEMNos. Turkish island in Grecian
archipelago, blockaded by Greek fleet
and now reported as occupied by
Greeks.
NAUKELM.-Last OF the Turkish from
tier towns on Lake Scutari, captured
by Monteneerins in advance on scu
tart.
PoDGoRITZA Headquarters Of the
Montenegrin army. King Ferdinand
and his three sons Joined the army
here and formally opened the cam
paign in a Victorious attack on the
Turks, who We're forced to retire from
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
PERSONAL.

MIR. Fl. C. Weller, of Hagerstown
is in the city today on business trip.
Mr.. Guy r. Alvey OF Great Cacapon
is in the city today looking after bus
mess matters.
Mr.. John A. Scott, of Hagerstown,
is spending the day in the city look
ing after business matters
Senator and Mrs Samuel " Woods
of Philippi left this morning for
their home, after spending Wednesday
in the city.
Mr. and Mrs. VIM. Fl. Keplinger, OF
Elkins, and Mrs. H. G Miller, OF Cum
berland, are here to see their mother
Mrs Mary A. Keplinger. East King
street, who is seriously i'll in the City
Hospital.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

the neighboring heights.
ScUTARI.-Albanian town with Turk.
ish garrison lying on the plain south
of Lake Scutari. 1t is the principal OBJ.
ject Of the Montenegrin attack.
TsKUB Strategic center for Turks in
Macedonia threatened by the Seryian
army under King Peter. 1t Is the end
Of an important railway line from Sa-
loniki. on the Aegean sea.
Belgrade, Oct. 30.--Twenty
thousand lives were lost in the
battle at K0umanovO, according
to the official list of casualties
received here. Four hundred
Servians were killed and 1000
wounded.
The Turks with $4,000 men in
the fight lost $4,000 killed and
thousands wounded.
The Turks fled from the field
leaving their artillery.
Turks Hold Last Ditch.
VIENNA, Oct. 30.-According to adj
vices received here from Adrianople
the fighting near that objective point
is still going on at number of places
around the city. AS yet there has
been no decisive engagement precipi-
tated by the fighting
This is the tenth day of the fight
ing around Adrianople and it finds
the Turks with their backs to he wall
virtually fighting in the last ditch.
Turks Ready for Peace.
PARIS, Oct. 30.--A report circulat-
ed in high diplomatic circles here to-
day says that Turkey is ready to sue
for peace in the Balkans. Turkey, it
is reported, is DESTROYS of retaining
what prestige she can by having the
war end before Adrianople and Silon-
ika fall into the hands of the allied
powers and before the Balkan troops
move close to Constantinople
Defeated Prince Shot
According to telegram received
here from the scene of the Balkan
war Prince Aziz, the commander of
the Turkish forces which surrender
ed at Kirk Killesseh, was court mar
tailed and shot for cowardiice.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
SOM ETHlNG OF
SCARLET FEVER
City Health officer DR.. Clay Writes
Interesting Article on the Dis
ease.

DR.. c. E. Clay, city health officer is
anxious that the people know some
thing about scarlet fever so that they
might be able to guard against the
disease. In splendid article the
doctor says:
81 wish to call to the minds of the
public an error in the nomenclature
of q disease that is always more or
less prevalent in the cities and towns
Scarlet fever, scarlatinus febris, scar
latina. As one writer puts it scarla-
tina (scarlatsnus febris understood)
and then GOES on TO describe the dis
ease. The point / wish to make is
that there is wide spread opinion
or understanding that scarlatina is
not scarlet fever.
Some others think and believe that
scarlatina is a mild form of scarlet
fever. One is English and the other
Latin, and mean the same. All works
on medicine use the term scarlatina,
or scarlatinus febris, when scarlet
fever is understood.
Il wish to call attention to the fact
that scarlet fever is very contagious
malady, and may be carried by one
person to another in the clothing, hair
etc.
Patients suffering with scarlet few
er are not free from contagion until
after they have completely desquimat-
ed. This is to say, not until they have
ceased to throw off scales. Therefore.
patients are to be left quarantined UNI
til the scaling process is completed
"A word about quarantine: 1t means
the prevention of intercourse with peo-
pie suffering with a contagious dis
ease or with any one that comes in
contact with them. The latter more
especially applies to those infected
with desquaranating disease. All
houses in which there is contagious
disease are tagged with a card bearing
the name of the disease. That is il
they are reported to the health Off
GER A card placed on a house means
more than to tell what is the matter
with the patient.
1T is a warning to the public that
there Is danger. 1t is not to work
hardship upon the unfortunate, but to
protect the public. Therefore, It
shows he public to take interest in
these matters that vially concern
them, and report any cases they may
know of and are not tagged.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

donna between S02 and Sl5 and three-
quarters of century later extended
their empire from the Adriatic to the
Black sea.
In 9T1 the first Bulgarian empire
was overthrow by the emperor. John
Zimisces, but Bulgarian power was re-
stored few years later under the
Shishman dynasty at Ochrida.
What was known as the western
Bulgarian empire" came to an end in
1014, when the Greek emperor, Basil
H.. overthrow its rulers and took pos
session of the territory. In 1856 new
Bulgarian power known as the "Bul-
CARO- Vlach empire" was founded by
the brothers Ivan and Peter Assem-, who
had led successful revolt of Vlachs
and Bulgars against the Greeks. Nine
teen years later Constantinople was
captured by the Latins of the fourth
crusade, and Baldwin OF Flanders was
crowned emperor. The Latins ruled
for fifty-seven years. and then the city
was reeaptured by Michael VIII. Pa
laeologus, but most Of the Latin states
continued to exist until the Turkish
conquest.
In 1890 Thodore of Epirus, who had
in the meantime conquered Albania.
Macedonia and Great Wallachia, was
bserthrown by Ivan Asen H., the great
est of Bulgarias monarchs, who short
~ afterward extended his sway over
most Of the peninsula. The Bulgarian
power declined after his death and
was extinguished at the battle of Wee
buzhd in 1880 by the Seryians.
Under Stephen Dushan, Servian
power was extended over Albania, Mac
edonia, Epirus, Thessaly and northern
Greece. The empire fell apart with
Dushans death, and the different
states became prey to anarchy.
The Tur6sh inyasion began In 1856
and ended in 1881 with Mohammed II.
in complete possession of the PENN
sula
During the sixteenth century the
Ottoman power attained its greatest
height 1t began 10 decline in 1858.
with the unsuccessful Siege Of Vienna.
The period of decadence was marked
IN the latter part Of the eighteenth
century by the formation OF practical
ly independent pashalts or iefs. The
detachment Of the outlying portions
Of the empire followed rapidly. The
independeBce OF Greece IVES acknowl-
edged In 1929 and that Of Servla-as
tributary principality-ln 1890.
Then came the CrimeQn war. but e
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

rus. Complete local government with
and elective assemblies was granted
the Turkish provinces in 1878 by ar.
tiele % OF the treaty Of Berlin, but
the Turks have never fulfilled this OBJ
legation OF the treaty
BALKAN LEAGUE. Bulgaria, Seryia,
Montenegro and Greece have succeed
ed for the first time in Ignoring all
petty jealousies and uniting in their
demand that Mohammedan Turkey
shall free the Christians Of Macedonia
and Epirus from oppression and perse
cution.
MAssAcREs. Recent Instances of ex-
IRENE Turkish cruelty toward Chris
tian subjects proved to be the last
straw.
AuG. 1.--Kotchana massacre of 1856
Bulgarian Macedonlans.
AUe. 15.Berana massacre in Alba
mia, perpetrated by regular nizam
troops. led by their officers. Constant
persecution Of Armenians by troops of
kurds organized and armed by the
Turks. A recent dispatch said, Every
day kilograms bring word of murders,
robberies and rapes which take place
under the eyes of the authorities
TURKISH SITUAT1oN.-Seeing Turkey
weakened politically by failure OF the
Young Turk party to control the situa-
ton and drained financially by more
than year Of war with Italy, the
time most opportune for the initiation
of hostilitles.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
RECEPTION TO
DR.. GERHARoT.
Function rendered by the Pythian
Sisters at Home of Mrs. Annie
Burkhart


AS fitting observance of the 95th
birthday of Rev. DIR. William Gerhardt,
which occurred Monday, the Pythian
Sisters rendered him a reception that
night, the festivities lasting till early
midnight.
The reception was held at the home
of Mrs. Annie Burkhart, East John
street, daughtre of DIR. Gerhardt
and a prominent member of the Pyth-
ian Sisters, besides, fully fifty of the
members were present, including
couple from out of town. and de-
lightful time was spent. The veneer
able guest of honor was in high spi..-
its and entered into the full enjoyment
of the occasion. OF course he had to
make speech, and this was feature
of the evening. He spoke mostly in
the humorous vein and greatly pleas
ed the ladies'. He naturally referred
to the fact that he is both the first and
Oldest Knight of Pythias in Yves Vir-
ginja.
Music was furnished by Miss Grace
Swartz, violin; Mr.. John Darlington,
cornet, and Mr.. Alti See, piano. They
played number of very pleasing Sc
lections.
Bounteous refreshments of ice
cream, cakes, coffee and ruit were
served, and it was late hour when
good-nights were said, all expressing
the hope that DR.. Gerhardt might be
,,,orod ~ oalahrata efil1 another an
niversary of his birthday.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
CALENDAR OF THE WAR.

OCT Mobilization of Balkan and
Turkish armies has been ordered
OcT. Turkey detains ffty-two
Greek ships.
Der, 5.-first official report of fight,
ing on border of Montenegro. Monte
negrin troops crossed Tara river into
sanjak Of Novi Bazaar. Turks repulsed
and 100 killed.
OCT 0.-Turkey offers promises of re
forms.
Der. Montenegro declares war, at
lacking Berani In Novi Bazaar.
ocT 9.-King Ferdinand and Crown
Prince Danilo lead attack on Podogo.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
LEADERS.
Balkan States.

FERDINAND, king of Bulgaria. most
prominent of the Balkan leaders so far
In the struggle; fifty-one years old; of
the Saxe-Coburg family; has ruled
since 1911.
GEORGE l., king of Greece, sixty
seven years old; member of the Dan
ish royal family; elected king of the
Hellenes In 1868.
NICHOLAS l.. king OF Montenegro,
seventy-one years old;s proclaimed
prince in 1850 to succeed his uncle; as
sumed title of king in 1910.
PETER L.. king OF Seryia, sixty-eight
years old; succeeded to throne after
the murder OF King Alexander In 1908.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
ARMIES.

The BULGARIAN ARMY has most
formidable reputation among military
experts for superior organization, ar
mament and spirit.
Tue RoUMANIAN ARMY, which ranks
next in number, has taken no active
part beyond moblizing, and Rouma-
MAS attitude In the struggle is not yet
defined.
THE MONTENEGRO ARMY, which is
the smallest of the five armies, is gen
orally considered almost invincible,
since the Montenegrins have succeed
ed In maintaining their country's indie
pendence for centuries. Every male
Montenegro is liable to military serv-
ice from his eighteenth birthday for a
period of forty-five years.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
WEST VIRGINIA
LEADS IN FRUIT
AND DA|Ry|NG
Certain Sections Have Given
State Wids AeputatiOn.
WHAT is BEING DONE
ALONG THESE LINES

Fruit and Daisy Interests Make II
Widely Known Throughout the
Country--Certain Sections of State
Peculiarly Adapted to the Fruit
Business But All for the Dairy.
West Virginia is not only famed as
one of the richest coal and oil pro-
ducing and manufacturing states, but
as the home of the largest and most
successful peach orchards in the
world, according to bulletin publish
ed by the Department of Agriculture,
in which the agricultural advantages
OF the state are splendidly set forth
Regarding the fruit growing indus
try and its possibilities in West Vir.
ginia, the bulletin says
THE commercially developed apple
regions of the state include portions
of Berkeley, Jefferson and Morgan
counties, in the eastern Panhandle,
Hancock county, in the northern Pan
handle; small areas in Greenbrier and
Monroe counties, on the southeast;
the southern half of Mason county on
the west; and very small area in
Lewis county, near the center OF the
state, The area of good undeveloped
apple-producing regions is not less
than 20 times as great as that already
developed and still larger area Is
likely to prove valuable for this pur.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
Turkey.

EssEp PASTA, in command at Sou
tart.
GHAZI MUKHTAR PASTA. grand vi
zier Of Turkey; veteran OF Crlmean and
Russo Turkish wars.
KIAMIL PAsHA, "the grand old man"
of Turkish politics: thrice grand vlzier
and now president Turkish council.
MAHMUD MUKHTAR PASTA, son OF
the grand vizier, important army com
mander
SULTAN MoHAAMED ", sixty-eight
years old, chosen sultan upon deposi-
ton Of Abdul Hamid In 1909
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
OF THE
BALKANS
War Cloud Has Always Hung
Over Peninsula That Is
Rich In History.

brought no territorial changes.
The great breakup took place in
1864. by the treaty OF San Stefano,
concluded that year, the Turkish pos
sessions In the peninsula were re-
duced to Albania, Epirns. Thessaly
and the southern part of Thrace. A
large bulgarian principality was Gre
ated, extending from the Danube to
the Aegean aud from the Black sea to
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
TROUBLES
RESTLESS
international JeaIOusies Hin.
dered Their Growth and
Development.

TNHE Balkan peninsula, which Is
being swept by the ravages OF
war, Is rich In history. Its an
nails date back to the third CEN
tury, when the great Slayonlc invasion
began. At the beginning OF this move
ment the Byzantine empire was In ac-
tual possession of all that territory ~
ing south of the Danube. The Thra-
clans, who peopled the peninsula be-
Gore the coming of the Slays, took ref
uge In the mountains and for several
centuries We're lost TO history. In Al
bania the original Illyrian element
maintained itself in the mountains and
eventually forced back the immigrant
race. Slayonie place names still exist
ing in every portion Of the peninsula
bear witness 10 the multitude Of the
invaders and the permanency Of their
settlements
During the sixth century the Slays
penetrated 10 the Morea, where a Sla-
vonic dialect was spoken as late as the
fifteenth century.
Early In the seventh century the
Serbo-Croats invaded the northwestern
regions Servia, Croatia, Montenegro,
Bosnia and northern Albanian
drove out or assimilated the Illyrian
population They appropriated all of
the old Roman colonies on the Adriatic
coast.
About 100 years later the Bulgars, a
Turanlan race, crossed the Danube,
subjected the Slays of Moesia and
Thrace. but were soon assimlated by
the conquered population, which had
already become partly civilized.
Led by their car, Krum, the Bulgars
invaded Adranople and central Mace
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
EARLY APPLES

Growers desiring to market any var
ieties of apples in refrigerator car lots,
will please communicate promptly
with the Exchange.
WILLIAM CAMPBELL, Mgr.
Virginia Fruit Exchange
S-D-7-19-tf Charles Town, w. Va.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

Photo by American Press Association.
DBINCE CoUNTENEsR IN CHARGE OF RoU-
MANIA's AVIATION CORPS.
the growth and development of the
Balkan nations. Many prominent Bal
kan statesmen have proclaimed com
bination which would enable the states
TO offer united resistance to foreign in
reference, but the union was never
perfected.
Some Of the wisest statesmen OF Eu-
rope are predicting that the long dream
OF "A coalition of the Christian Balkan
states Will be realized as result OF
ihe present trouble.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02
CAUSES OF OUTBREAK.

AUToNoMY.-The Independent Balkan
states bordering on Macedonia demand
autonomy for that state and for Epa-
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

II you want the news when it is
news, read The Statesman Democrat.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1912-11-02

gWNHE Balkan peninsula, which Is
being swept By the ravages OF
rs war Is rich IN history. Its an
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1912-02-08
Woman in Case Turns Up.

Ft. Wayne. Tex, Feb. 8. "The
woman in the case" Mrs, Lena
Snead, wife of j. b. Snead, now on
trial for the murder Of Captain a. c..
Boyce, and whose elopement with
Boyce's son led up to the tangle and
death which must be aired by the
courts, suddenly appeared in TT
Worth, Tuesday.
Mrs. Snead has been first in, then
out of the case since her elopement
with young Boyce from her million
aire husband. who spent $4,000 in
his search for her. What may be
expected from her. now that she is
on the scene of her husbands trial,
is problematical.
1t is known that Attorney Mclean
and others representing Snead, held
several long conferences with her, to-
day, in an effort to induce her to
take the stand and aid in saving her
husband from the gallows.
Mrs. Snead, however, was defiant
Counselled first by attorneys for the
defense, these men lighting for the life
Of her husband she told them she
did not love Snead. With the same
breath she renounced her love for
young Boyce, with whom she eloped'
but continued TO refuse TO appear,
TO save Snead, the pretty bejeweled
brunette wife must incriminate her
self; she must admit chat he was a
good husband and to counsel she re-