davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
HOW TO TREAT ALKALI SOILS
Evaporation of Moisture at Surface
Brings Injurious Salts to Level,
Injuring Plant

The Kansas Indust-.alist, published
by the agricultural college at Nam
haitian, contains in a recent issue a
brief article on how to handle alkalf
soils. 1t Ia pointed out In the first
place that such crops as cane and
kafir corn may be grown on lands not
too badly affected by alkali. 1t seems
that alkali in any soil comes from the
subsoil-away down deep. Evapora-
ton Of the soil moisture at the sur
face is what brings the alkali to the
level where the main injury to plants
happens.
If evaporation is prevented, these
strong, injurious salts will not come
TO the surface and eat the tender
plants. That, then, is one way to re-
claim. And it is done-this proven
ton OF evaporation-in three ways:
shading, mulching and keeping the
soil at the surface well cultivated.
Mulching is practiced in the case of
young orchards. The young trees are
protected in this way until they be-
come large enough to protect them
the mulch Is needed no longer
Straw, leaves or manure may be
used to make the mulch These I'M
volve more trouble and expense than
the simple maintenance Of loose sur
face soil mulch throughout the dry
season. AS such a mulch Is neces-
sary, anyway, to the cultivation of
crops. it is an inexpensive method of
reclamation.
Some field crops. when once estab-
lished, will do well on a slightly al
kaline soil, provided a good stand has
been obtained This is true of alfalfa.
The alfalfa seed is sensitive to BLACK"
alkau and is very likely to be ruined
by 1t. To prevent this, 1t Is well to
use gypsum when sowing alfalfa This
neutralizes the black alkali and
leaves 1t harmless. Then, when the
alfalfa has grown to a good stand it
may live for many years without a
sign Of injury.
Then there Is the '1eaching-down"
method Of reclamation, in which the
soil is kept flooded with water from
three days to a week, when the alkali
salts will be carried deep enough into
the soil to prevent further injury-for
a few years at least. This method is
not possible except where an album
dance Of water is accessible. 1t is
used In irrigation districts.
The final and universal treatment
for alkali soils Is undertakings by
tile. This treatment Of a land will
remedy all the evils OF aIkali. Its
only drawback is the first expense.
Private persons use the underdrain-
age method sometimes. but generally
It requires cooperation or assistance
from the government to make this
method feasible. When once this
drainage system is built it remains
good indefinitely.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
PLANNING FOR THE HOT BED
II VIII Reduce Grocery Bill Consider
! ably This sprIng-kansas Way
Is Ono Good Suggestion.

Better think about making that hot
bed for early radishes and lettuce. 1t
doesn't cost much, and It will lower
the grocery bill. Here is the way rec
commended by the horticultural depart
ment of the Kansas State Agricultural
college:
Dig a hole two feet deep, a little
larger than the size of the hot-bed
frame. If the hot-bed is to be perma-
nent, the walls of this pit should be
lined with brick, stone or cement
When possible, have a shed or board
fence on the north side of the bed.
1t VIII take less manure to heat the
soil. Put two feet of well-mixed fresh
horse manure in the hole, wet thor
oughly, and lamp. If the ma
nure is not well tamped, the soil will
settle unevenly when the manure do
Gays
Twoinch material makes a better
and stronger frame and will last long
ed The front of the frame should be
six inches high, the back eighteen
Inches. Put five inches of dirt On the
manure, preferably the richest soil
you can get. Fill in around the frame
with manure and earth and put the
cover on the frame.
3 Glass sashes are best for covers.
Cloth may be used late in the season.
The size of sash is three by six feet.
The bed, then, should be six feet wide
and as many times three feet long as
desired.
The temperature of the hot-bed will
be high at first. Use thermometer.
When the heat has fallen to 50 de- !
grees the seed may be planted. Keep |
the bed well watered. but do not soak. |
Too much water rots the manure too |
rapidly. Be sure the bed is well ven
tilated. When sashes are used, they |
must be raised to let in the fresh air |
in mild weather. Extra covers should |
be provided for cold days and nights. |
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
Homemade Hot Bed.

enough to melt snow or ice, the air
circulates sufficiently to ventilate the
bed: but when it is cold enough to
freeze every crevice is sealed by the
moisture concealed in the cracks.
When very cold weather prevails, the
air cushion is absolutely dry and in
this condition it is a perfect non-con-
ductor of either heat or cold.
Even in zero weather the sun, shin
ing through the glass and enclosed air
raises the temperature of the bed to
a good growing warmth; and at night
only a portion of this warmth escapes.
Cabbage. caulifiower. lettuce. beets,
yiolets and pansy plants, it is claimed
are safe under the double glass. at 8
80 10 degrees below zero; and even
tomato, pepper and elephants have
been grown in hot beds without any
cover except the double glass in
temperature nearly down to zero
The saving Of labor is considerable
when the double-glass sash is used.
No covering or uncovering Is required,
no mats or boards are needed. The
double sash for hothouses have been
found to be a great saving OF heat,
less coal is required to keep up
given temperature-the plants make
a stronger growth and are less liable
to leaf drop.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
aprovey a Bargain.

The city man had turned his horse
out to pasture two years ago or more
and as he had not been in funds he
had not paid the farmer cent during
that time.
Not long ago the farmers patience
was exhausted and he informed the
city man that he proposed selling the
animal to pay for its keep.
you owe me more than the horse
is worth now" said the farmer.
The city man considered for min
ute. Then his face lighted up.
'I'li tell you what I'll do" be said
You keep the horse two months long.
er and you can have him"
The city man thought he had driven
a hard bargain. = Milwaukee Frea
Press.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

George killed female for food. Here
we stayed for some days. arranging
matters with the local hunters. We
engaged two-Yong, whose heart, as
the Chinese say, was not in the CEN
ter. but the best panyang hunter for
miles. and Lou-loo, an inveterate slack
or with shy smile and magnificent
calf development.
The takin, in many respects, is
closely allied to the OK tribe, which
Ia wild state, are VIGOROUSLY vindict-
We. Our hunters being secured. we
started on August /, and on the morn
ing of the I'd reached our temporary
quarters.
The cave faced the south. and was
partially sheltered to the east by an
oyerhanging rock. From this direction
fortunately came the prevailing wind.
Had 1t been otherwise we should have
been damper, If such thing were pos
sible. even than we we're. | do not
think ever experienced wetter or
more uncomfortable ten days We
were wet when we rose from our soak
ing beds. wet when we sought them
after a soaking day.
On August strong wind sent
masses of mist and cloud boiling and
wiring about vast chasms and gull
lies. Hope revived. and we set out
Our way wound about groves of rhodo-
iendron and azaleas, mingled with
,xunted larches and spruce frs. Lus-
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
POULTPYNOTES
(AGaNSa q 9aozo

The wire nest has much to COM
mend it.
A neglected hen All lay in summer
but never in winter.
Scraps saved at butchering time
make a fine egg stimulating feed in
cold weather.
A dozen eggs will buy almost
bushel Of oats. And oats make
good winter feed for eggs.
Hens that are let out into the cold
and snow are soon chilled out of the
egglaying notion.
For quick fattening, nothing beats
a mash of corn meal and milk, fed
warm about three times a day.
II the house is damp scatter some
dry ashes and air slaked lime about.
They are good absorbents.
Running an incubator is job for
grown person. Better not let the
children have anything to do with it.
1t is a good plan to make the nest
bottoms Of poultry wire. That makes
them easy to clean and poor harbor
for mites and lice.
DUCKS kept up IN winter VIII De
found to thrive better if their corn is
soaked in warm water instead of feed
Ing 1t hard and dry.
A light case of roup may often be
cured by ducking the sick birds
head in a mixture of one ounce per-
of potash to three pints OF
water.
The weather is changeable these
days and the incubator will bear close
watching unless kept In a building
where the temperature is very uni
form despite outside changes.
Every farmer keeps chickens and IL
they would give their poultry the
same care their other stock gets they
might all have winter eggs.
Pigeons take care Of the feeding ct
squads and that saves lot Of bother
The mighty mite is more quiet
hese cold winter days, but he tsnt
lead.
Gapes can be cured by fumigatinS
he chicken with sulphur.
The first thing after setting Up an
Incubator is to select place for IT..
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

Alfalfa should be pastured with
very great caution. In fact, the
farmer who holds this matchless crop
in proper regard will pasture some
thing else and just use the alfalfa for
hay. But If the alfalfa is to be
pastured about half enough stock
should be kept on 1t to keep the
growth down. By this method two or
three cuttings Of hay will be obtained
in addition to the pasturage.
Another caution to throw out is that
it should be allowed to make a good
start in the spring before the stock
are turned on, and should be allowed
to go in the winter with a good cover
Under no conditions should it be
pastured in cold weather.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

" HE takin (Bodorcas taxicolor
sinensis) is a strange animal
inhabiting a strange country.
1t has In China been killed by
few save native hunters; Mr..
Meares, the companion Of the unhappy
Lieutenant Brooke who few years
ago was murdered in Lololand, claims
to have been the first white man TO
shoot specimen; Captain Malcolm
MCNEIL, D. s. O., has successfully
stalked them near Tashien-Lu In west
srn Sezchuen; DR.. ]. A G. Smith, our
companion, killed one this year In
Shensi-but otherwise no European,
so far as l know, has been successful
In obtaining them. Reaching Sianfu,
the Kenzan-fu of Marco Polo, then. as
now. the capital of the province OF
Shensi, we were compelled to remain
pending further travelling arrange
ments. We made for a little village
among the hills, four days journey to
the south in the shadow of the Great
White mountain, writes Frank Wal
lace in Country Life. The way was
pleasant, leading through green rice
fields and over clear-running streams
which ran on beds of gritty sand.
The heat was very trying, and we
painted for the hills. On the fourth
day we passed, by the rocky medium
Of a river-bed, among the foothills
Mist and cloud covered the tops. which
looked bad hunting ground on account
Of dense bush The foothills run to
5000 feet and more above the river.
their SUBMITS, thick with wild flowers
and luxuriant grasses, reaching waist
high, being over 5000 feet. The low
sr slopes are thickly cultivated, blotch-
ed, SCARED. marred and torn as far
as the eye can see. My sympathles
are with the toiiing peasant, but
abominate his handiwork. These foot
hills are fine hunting ground for roe
(Capreolus BedfordiD in the winter.
but too densely covered with under
growth in the summer. We toiled
about them in blazing sun for two
whose days with no success. though
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
PREPARATION OF A SEED BED
lowing Surface and Also for
Smoothing Roads.

An implement which may be used
TO mellow the surface is made by TAX
ing four pieces of seasoned hard
wood, each six by six inches, and
eight feet long; bolt together SO that
the corners, or edges, will rest on the
ground, with three eye-bolts of three
quarter-inch round iron. about 80
inches long, one through the middle
of the drag, the otherse each six inches
from either end of the timbers- Use
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
BUYING Supplementary Feeds.

The farmer who has an abundance
it greatly to his profit if he will sell
a part of his corn and buy other feeds
to furnish variety of rations for the
animals, as their systems thus would
be supplied with all the essentials
necessary to proper growth and de
velopment. and yet not require 50
much feed.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

The hired man on the farm who
has mastered his business is skilled
laborer. and should be SO treated, yet
It is usually impossible for him to get
6 small amount per month. a mere
triie. over the price paid the ineffi-
Client laborer.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

OiOQo 81 dooCb anu DSdull104 WHY LIZ W
ers grew In profusion in the glades
and once we came on a large bed o
delicious wild Strawberries. some
nearly as large as a small home-g grown
specimen. We stood awhile on pin
nacle of rock overhangfng a pass be
low. Yong, the old hunter, gave a pc
culiar cry, echoed and tossed bach
from the surrounding cliffs. He said
the game, If they had heard our ap
proach, would stand and listen, but al
the cry would at once move off up hill
| On looking over peak, | was sur
prfsed to see a bull and two cows ly.
ing within 20 yards of me totally I'm.
conscious of danger. Another. and big
| ger bull was out of sight, tucked away
beneath an overhanging rock lower
down the slope. We had previously
drawn for the first shot, which George
had won. George had gone after the
big fellow.
1 cautiously thrust my rifle over the
rock, took fine sight at the bulls
neck and waited. 1t seemed an age,
but at last Georges shot rang out,
and before he could get to his feet
my bull was dead. / heard a crash
from below; the two cows dashed past
me, and as they did so l had second
shot. We badly wanted meat, SO
somewhat reluctantly, l then fred at
one of the youngsters, and incidentally
made some very bad shooting.
Yong seized my arm as another AMI
NAL bolted below US. Thinking it was
the COW l had already fired at, which |
thought was dead, l had shot and ap-
parently missed, but the beast car
ried on. l tried again and as he blum
dered over the rock, had the salts
faction of seeing him fall George
appearing below me, joined him. He
had killed a big bull with a shot In
the brain. 1t had pitched straight
over the ledge on which it lay, and
lodged In the center of the stone
broken. While he told me this a
COW suddenly shot into the air as
though propelled through a stage trap
door within few yards of us. This,
thought, must surely be my COW which
had as many lives as a catl l gasped
the doctor yelled, and George, in only
his rope sandals, dashed round the
corner in pursuit Very shortly
heard a shot, George came clambering
back, and we compared notes. He had
got the big bull and the COW which he
had just shot. The latter had pitch
ed a good 1,500 feet over rocks, trees
and shoots, and was subsequently dis
covered by the interchangeable doctor
smashed to a pulp. | had one bull.
and the animal which, as | thought,
had been wounded by my second shot,
had afterwards, on reviving, been
killed. Yong, however, who had been
indulging in some mysterious maneu-
vers on his own account. came up
shortly afterwards and said he had
found the cow lying beside Georges
bull in the shoot The other beast
turned out to be bull with a slight
ly better head than my first
Thus ended a somewhat exciting five
minutes, in which we secured speci
mems of a very rare animal. Thick
mist came on again almost immediate
y and lasted during the whole week |
On the 18th l left the cave. as l had !
work to do in the valley below. |
George remained until the 18th, and |
he weather clearing, killed another
,ow after some terrible hard work in !
hick bamboos. whittier he followed a
lerd.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
Eccentricities of Fortune.

pride has its ups and downs" said
one young man.
Yes" replied the other. Il used to
make fun OF friend of mine who
tried to sell me sleigh for s7.25.
Now he looks at me with scornful
superiority as he takes my best girl
cut riding
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
Potatoes From Irrigation.

Excellent potatoes are shipped to
Chicago and other eastern cities from
the irrigated country. Shipments are
often received from Colorado. of a
potato of such high grade that It COM
mands a price of ten cents more
bushel than the ordinary product
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
GLASS SASH FOR HOT BEDS
Allow Air to Circulate and
Ventilate Beds.

The newest invention to make win
ter gardening easy and successful, is
a sash for hotbeds or cold frames
that have two layers of glass instead
of one. Between these layers is
cushion of dry air about five-eighths
of an inch thick. The glass on both
sides Is Tapped and adjusted to lie as
close as possible, but no putty is
used. When the weather Is warm
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
National Drainage Congress.

The national drainage congress is a
new creation by members of the ma
tional irrigation congress. This con-
gress will seek to reclaim all lands
now In a swampy condition.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
Good Roads


A liberal use of paint means a great
deal to the farmer
Sharpen and repair the garden tools
for next seasons use.
The successful garden is started in
the fall, although not a seed may be
planted.
Keep all the tools that are used
around the barn in convenient and
safe places.
A little paint goes long ways to-
ward making a home out of a group
of buildings.
How much does it cost to have that
machinery standing out in the
weather? Shedding is cheap
While planting your garden give
due attention to the color of
the flowers SO that they may harmon
ize.
Many new and valuable imple-
ment is left out all winter more
through carelessness than anything
else
Tobacco dust worked into the sur
face of the soil just before setting the
lettuce will help to keep the aphis
away.
These days can be put to good use
in getting the grindstone into serv-
ice and sharpening up things gen
orally.
Ashes are best applied in the
spring, separately or in connection
with phosphate fertilizers as top
dressing
Cabbage Is one or the easiest vege-
tables to start from seed and to
and to be made to grow In
he garden or field
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22
Raising Living at Home.

The first thought OF the farmer
should be this year how to raise his
living at home Begin now to get
everything in readiness for an early
start
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1912-03-22

angle washers with holes for open
rings of hooks. clip out half-inch edge
of the tow inside pieces back of end
bolt, for chain hook In transportation
from place to place, as shown in
Fig. 1.
For use as road smoother, drop
back right-hand end of drag with
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1912-11-08
WANT NERO SAVED.
Governor Seeks opinion From Off
Gals of Ing George.

Upon the Recommendation Of the
presiding judge aid the attorney for
the Commonwealth in King George
County, will probably rest the fate
of Herbert Paytor the negro senten-
ced to die in the aectric chair today.
A final appeal in bhalf of Pey!on was
made to Governor Mann Wednesday
morning by Attorry Carter, who pre-
scnted sundry petitions.
No decision wasrendered the gov
ernor sending tehgrams to the Off
cials asking for tlnir opinion in the
matter. Upon Their recommendation
he will act.
One of the petitions is from the
coroner and four Numbers of his jury,
urging Communication of the sentence
to life imprisonment, on the ground
that the nature of he crime is INSULT
Gent to warrant ieath sentence.
The killing occurred on July 4. Of
this year. 1t seems lot of negroes,
numbering about a dozen, assembled
and that there wa; much Guarrehng
and fighting. AS a result of the af-
fair, some prosecutions have arisen
for selling liquor illicity and for
other offenses. There seems TO have
been a sort of genc.al riot. and under
the circumstances the evidence is held
to be unreliable and uncertain, as to
the exact manner in which Peyton's
victim met his death.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1912-11-08
NEWS OF THE OLD DOMINION,
ALLEN. JURY DISMISSED.
Prosecution Joins in Motion of De-
Tense for New Panel.

Wythcville, Va, Nov. 8.-After q
jury had been secured in the Wythc-
county Circuit Court here yesterday
for the trial Of Sidna Allen on an in
dictment charging him with the mur-
der of Judge Thorton L. Massie, the
defense moved that the jury be dis
missed Immediately the prosecution
Joined in the request, and the court
30 ordered. Another venire OF
30 men will be summoned from Gray
son county.
In the examination CT prospective
jurors it developed that one Of then
had discussed the case in The pres
cnce of the others. and this was ap
pagenNy the reason for the motion o!
the defense TO dismiss the jury frs
selected. Court adjourned until Mon.
day.
Sidna Allen is to be tried first. The
court overruIed a motion Of the de
tense to consolidate the indictment:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1912-11-08
MARTIN MAY BE HONORED.
Is in Line for Office of President Pro
Tenn. of the Senate.

Richmond, Nov. 9.-Much of the
political interest of the months TO
come will centre about the office OF
president pro tenn. of the United
States Senate. Senator Thomas S.
Martin, of Virginia, is in line for this
position, occupying as he does the
leadership of the Democrats minority
on the floor of the present Senate.
Apparently the new Senate is to be
Democratic and will be presided over
by Vice-President Thomas R. Mar
shall. A president pro tenn. is one
of the officers, to sit in the chair in
the absence of the Vice-President and
to be the real head of the party which
has minority in the body.
1t is possible that the president
elect will be consulted on this matter,
and that his wishes will be followed,
since 1T is undoubtful that he will give
rein, for time at least, to carry out
his desires.
At present there is no president pro
tenn. the Republicans and progress
sives having failed to agree on a
candidate since the death of Senator
William P. Frye, of Maine, and the
Democrats not having majority.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1912-11-08
Wilson to Visit Virginia.

Norfolk, Va, Nov. S.--Governoi
Woodrow Wilson, President-elect. Will
be entertained in Norfolk December
18th, together with Mrs. Wilson and
his three daughters.
The President will attend IN
Richmond, Va, for two days the con-
ference of Governors of States to
be held here,and it has been decided
that all governors in attendance up
on the Richmond conference will come
to Norfolk on December 4th incident
to the simultaneous meeting here OF
the National Guard convention.
The President-elect and his family
will be the guests of Governor Mann
of Virginia, at the executive mansion
while in Richmond.
Governor and Mrs. Mann Will &C
company them to Norfolk. On the
occasion on his visit here the prcsi-
dcnt-elect will attend with two other
governors an oyster roast and shore
dinner at Cape Henry similar to the
function attended by President Taft
incident to the Atlantic Deeper Wa
terways Convention several years
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1912-11-08
Race for Postmaster.

Richmond, Va, Nov. S.-Friends of
Hay r. Thornton, for nearly 20 years
superintendent of Station "a" Rich
mond, have started a movement recon
mending him for postmaster of Rich
mond to succeed Postmaster Edgar
Allan.
Others mentioned as possible aspi:-
rants to the appointments, after Pres
ident-elect Wilson takes hold of the
reins of the government, are Captain
Charles 7. Taylor and Attorney Lu-
Glen Cary, both of whom are we'll
known and popular.