davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1912-05-17

other words. repair sets in after main.
tenance fails to keep the road in proper
condition.
No state or community has ever built
or kept in repair system of first class
improved roads under the personal
service or labor tax system. In fact
this system is not applicable to any
class of road construction or mainte-
nance, not even to earth roads. Its
principles are unsound. its operations
unjust. its practice wasteful. and the
results obtained under 1t are unsatis.
factory in every particular.
Undoubtedly the best system of main
tenance is that which provides for the
permanent employment Of skilled la
borers or caretakers who may have
charge of particular sections of road
or who may be assigned to any part of
the county where the work is most
needed. Men employed in this way be-
come experts in their particular line OF
work. and if they make mistakes one
year they are pretty apt to correct
them the next; but. under the labor tax
system. these mistakes are repeated
from time to time. If one man is en-
ployed to look after particular stretch
of road or to do particular class of
work he will soon learn to take pride
and interest in his work.
While it would be manifestly impos-
sible to adopt this system throughout
the entire country on account of limit
ed resources and sparse population.
still it is believed that there are many
places where it might be used with
great success. 1t would be difficult to
find a county which is so poor that it
could not afford to employ continuously
eight or ten laborers and three or four
teams to maintain and repair its roads.
There are many counties. however.
times such force That such plan
would be more effective than the labor
tax system would appear to be self
evident.
OF all our roads the earth roads are
probably the most neglected. Expert
ence has shown that by proper main
tenance earth roads may be transform
ed into something better than elongat-
ed mudhOles. The first and last COM
mandment in the maintenance of earth
roads is to keep the surface well drain
ed. Water is the great enemy to our
clay or soil roads and must be removed
Immediately or much mud and very bad
roads are the result. To insure good
drainage the bitches must be attended
to and Instructions removed and a
smooth. raised crown of the road main
tanned. For this purpose the split log
drag or some similar device is very
useful and at the same time mex
pensive. The drag can be used on a
sand-clay or gravel road Just as effec-
lively as on an earth road.
The following points should be borne
in mind in dragging an earth, gravel or
sand-clay road: The drag should be
light and should be hauled over the
road at an angle of about forty-five de.
grees in such way that only a small
amount Of earth is pushed to the cen
ter of the road. The driver should ride
on the drag and never drive faster than
q walk. The dragging should begin on
the side OF the road. or wheel track.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1912-05-17
RHERE is no phase of the subject
Of road improvement so impor
fant and which il ca oftoa non.


lected as that of maintenance
Roads may be constructed in most
scientific manner and out of the best
materials available. but unless they
are properly maintained they will soon
er or later go to pieces. On the other
hand, roads may be never so poor, but
with systematic repair and mainte.
nance they may be rendered passable
at all seasons of the year for ordinary
traffic. No road has ever been so well
constructed that it did not need to be
maintained. Even the tremendously
massive roads of the Romans have al
most disappeared. largely for lack OF
maintenance.
The terms maintenance and repair
are very frequently used lis synonyms
but there is wide distinction between
these two operations To maintain a
road means to keep it always in good
condition. while to repair it means to
make it good only occasionally. In
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1912-05-17
Death of Madison Lake Man.
rom SATURDAYS Daily.

Michael Lynch of Madison Lake
died there Thursday noon at the age
of eighty-four years. Mr.. Lynch's
daughter found him in the yard un'
conscious and his death occurred
soon afterward Mr.. Lynch was an
old and we'll known resident of the
county. The funeral was held yester
day.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1912-05-17
Dogs Must Be Licensed.
From SATURDAYS Daily.

The city OFFICIALS are sticking to
their promise to compel owners OF
dogs to secure licenses or run the
risk of having their dogs shot,
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1912-05-17

CARETAKER WHO MAINTAINS FIVE MILES
OF ROAD IN ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PA.
THERE ARE TWENTY-FIVE IN THE COUNTY.
should not be used for repairs. as they
will not bind. Never allow dust or
mud to lie on the surface of mac
adam or gravel road. for either Of these
will increase the cost of maintenance.
The middle of the road should al
ways be maintained n little higher than
the sides so that the rains may run
into the side cutters at once. Water
tables. culverts. cutters and bitches
should never be allowed to clog up.
The caretaker or patrolman should al
ways be on his road. particularly in
wet weather. and should fill up at once
with fine stone or screenings any holes
or ruts where the water may ise.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20

Miss Pauline Clarkson wore green veil
vet. red fox furs and a black velvef
! picture hat.
Mrs. w NJ. V. Hoffman was in black
velvet, with white velvet collar and cuffs
black feathers.
Mrs. Joseph Stevens wore a tailor-mads
gown OF black cloth and black velvet
| hat. Mrs Louis Haight was in a tailor
made dress Of black velvet, trimmed with
black tulle and blue feathers.
The attendance at-the evening session
was larger than on any previous night.
and society was fairly well represented
in the gathering. Among those seen were
Mrs. j. f. Smith MADDEN and Miss Fran
ces MADDEN, who were with Mr. and Mrs.
f. Ambrose lark; Mr. ana Mrs. Fred
erick Edey. who had Miss Julia Edey and
Miss Pauline ClaTkson with them; Mr..
and Mrs Alfred G. Vanderbilt, who had
as their guests Mrs. Julian McCarty Little
and G. Mifflin Wharton Mrs. +. y. Bret
| tung. Harvey S. Ladew, Miss Elise
Ladew, Mr.. and Mrs. Herman b. Duryea,
Mrs. Sydney Colford. Miss Kate Cary, q.
Louis Boissevain. Harry S. Page, Mr..
and Mrs. Wright Barclay, Mr. and Mrs.
Louis Haight and Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph w.
| Hartman.
Mrs. J. f. Smith MADDEN wore a gown
OF gray chiffon, hounced with white lace,
! and gray velvet hat trimmed with black
feathers.
| Miss Frances MADDEN appeared in a
| black cloth gown and black velvet pict-
ure hat, trimmed with black feathers.
! Mrs. F. Ambrose Clark wore black
| velvet coat, trimmed with ermine and a
| black velvet hat banded with ermine.
Miss Marion Hollins was in gray vel
vet gown, bordered with white fox fur
and a gray velvet crushed hat. with
! white feathers.
Mrs. Frederick Edey was in black chif-
| fon and black velvet picture hat
adorned with two flowing bird Of Paradise
| feathers. Miss Julia Edey wore a white
satin gown, a white pony coat, trimmed
with white fox and black velvet pict-
ure hat.
Miss Pauline Clarksons costume was
OF white chime satin, with which she
wore a black velvet picture hat. trimmed
with black feathers.
Mrs. Alfred c. Vanderbilt was in a
gown Of ripe lemon satin, pissed with
gold spanged lace. Her ashes OF roses
velvet hat was adorned with white
feathers.
Mrs. Sydney Colford wore a gown OF
! Marie Antoinette white chiffon, with pink
| embroidered satin stripes, white
Spanish lace mantilla and a Greek hllet
| in her hair.
Mrs. Breitung appeared in silver en-
| broidered crepe over white satin, white
fox furs and a black velvet hat trimmed
with black tulle.
| Miss Elise Ladew was in black chiffon
gown gray fox furs and black velvet
! hat adorned with black aigrettes.
| Mrs. Herman 3. Duryea's gown was
Of black chiffon over white satin. She
wore sable furs and black velvet pict-
ure hat,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20
ADVISES PORT TERMINAL
John De Witt Warner Urges
Comprehensive Plan for Piers.

The Joint Waterfront Board Of the Port
of New York, whose members represent
nine different commercial and civic or
CARNATIONS in the city met yesterday In
the a sembly room Of the Merchants AS
ISOLATION, in Lafayette street, to hear
John De witt Warner, counsel for the
Dock Department, explain the legal as
pect OF the waterfront problem. McDou-
gall Hawkes., chairman of the board, pre-
sided.
Mr.. Warner outlined the provisions Of
the freight terminals act Of 1911, which
permitted the city authorities TO take the
necessary steps toward organizing the
port facilities into a comprehensive freight
terminal. He emphasized the need #
circulation" within the organic body or
terminal, py a connecting railroad along
the waterfront, with bridge facilities. ter
ninal wards and warehouses, adding that
such g circulation would serve equally
well either publicly or privately owned
piers. 1t was on the provision Of such
facilities and not on the purchase OF
waterfront property he pointed out, that
Dock Commissioner Tomkins had set MS
heart, and ne thought the Dock Commits
sioner showed great good nature in not
becoming impatient over the conuhuai
attempts to force him into the acquisi-
ton of expensive docks. when what he
wanted was not docks but a terminal.
In South Brooklyn, he said. the con-
struction Of a connecting railroad ana
all the attendant facilities would cost only
from 81 900 600 70 100000, while the city
could easily spend 100000 there in the
acquisition Of waterfront He spoke OF
the expense OF acquiring the dock proper
~ above l2d street, which the Board OF
Estimate committee had recommended
but he said the dredging Of these docks
inland to accommodate l,0O0-foot steam
, ships would not interfere, he thought,
with Commissioner Tomkins's plan for q
connecting railroad on the West Size. lie
urged the taxpayers 10 hasten terminal
development before the money available
had been all poured into subways.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20

| Sidney S. Breese with her. and Miss
Eleanora Sears also spent a short time
with them in Box No. Il
With Mrs. f. Ambrose Clark were Miss
Anna Sands and Miss Kate Cary.
Others present were Mrs Arthur Scott
| Burden and her two brothers, Maurice
| and Francis Roche. Mrs. Alfred G. Van
derbit, Miss Marion Hollins, Miss Miriam
Hartman, Miss Lucy Margaret Roose-
Welt, Mrs. oliver Hartman, Mr.. and Mrs.
Louis Haight, John d. Crimmins, Miss
Madeline O'Brien, Harvey S. Ladew,
Miss Elise Ladew. Miss Hilda Holmes,
Judge and Mrs. William H. Moore, Mrs.
Paul Moore, Miss Katherine Elkins, Mr..
and Mrs. Eugene s. Reynal, Mrs. Fred
eric Bull. Mr.. and Mrs. Wright Barclay
and Mr.. and Mrs. Herman b. Duryea.
Mrs. Charles B. Alexander was in a
gown of tan oroche CLOTH tailor made.
with which she wore a velvet hat of the
same shade, with tall crown trimmed
with gray feathers
Miss Harriet Alexander's costume was
of black CLOTH with a hat to match and
silver box furs. Miss Janetta Alexander's
frock was OF brown cloth, trimmed with
velvet, with which she wore brown felt
hat.
Miss Crocker wore blue velvet, mink
collar and muff and tan colored felt hat
trimmed with blue feathers.
Mrs. Holins was in tailor-made black
cloth gown, a black felt hat, with white
satin facing.
Mrs. Payne Whitney wore a black vel
vet skirt. a black velvet coat, cream
lace blouse and a black velvet turpdn
trimmed with black aigrettes.
Joan Whitney was in lemon-colored
satin frock and green felt hat trimmed
with yatln ribbon Of the same color.
Miss Marion Hollins wore green cloth
frock and a green felt hat.
Mrs Reginald Vanderbilt was in dark
bIue cloth skirt, a dark blue brocaded
satin coat and large black VelVet nat
trimmed with real gardenias' ana noie-
skin scarf and muit.
Mrs. Sidney Breese wore taupe coal
and skirt. a black velvet hat and a chm
chilla scarf and muff.
Miss Sears was in chocolate coloreu
cloth. tailor made. and black felt nat
trimmed with pheasant tails.
Miss Anna Sands's costume was OF
black velvet. trimmed with black foX'
with which she wore a black velvet tur-
ban. Miss, Cary was in black braloed
cloth, a black felt hat trimmed with
bird OF paradise.
Mrs. Arthur Scott Burdens frock was
of brown cloth, with a coat OF the same
material She wore "A mink muf ana
! stole and a black velvet hat, with blue
! ostrich feather
Mrs. Oliver Hartman was in black bro
caded velvet, sable furs and black vel
vet hat trimmed with bird Of paradise
tails.
Mrs. Frederick Edey was in a blue serge
tailor-made gown, violet velvet hat with
violet hued feathers. Miss Edey was in
dark red velvet. brown fox collar and
muff and a black velvet picture hat, with
large yellow ostrich feather.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20
SOCIETY AT HORSE SHOW
MANY New Faces Seen in Boxes
and Arena Seats.

There was larger attendance OF so
ciety at the horse show yesterday after
noon than on any of the previous days
and a number OF new faces were seen in
the boxes and I'm the seats directly back
of them. Mrs. Charles b. Alexander,
Miss Harriet Miss Janetta Alexander,
Miss Mary crocker and Mrs. II. b. Hol-
Inns, jr. We're present for the first time
and we're together throughout the after
noon.
Mrs Payne Whitney had her two chill
dren. Joan and Jock Whitney, with her
Others who made their first appearance
were Mrs Richard Stevens, Mrs. Gren-
willie Kane, Mrs. Joseph Stevens and Mrs.
William Nj. V. Hoffman.
Mrs. Frederick Edey had I'm her box
her daughter, Miss Julia Edey,, Miss
Pauline Clarkson and Miss sudrey os-
born.
Mrs. Reginald c. Vanderbilt had Mrs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20

Clark The latter's face was grazed by
the horse as ne paved the air, but except
for a few scratches he was unframed
Later Mr.. Clark won the ribbon eor the
event with Flying Machine.
Jumper Tangled Up in Fence.
Nicholas. a chestnut Eeldng. handled
by Pat Hart. got himself all tangled mp in
one Of the fences which he failed to take
properly. with the result that IL became
a Chinese puzzle TO extricate him After
making several fruitless attempts 10 set
the horse free the groonls were compelled
10 saw the rails.
Little Miss Tertia Holme, with hcr small
sister, Grace, and four still smaller Shct-
land ponies, was the centre Of interest
in the afternoon after the big military
chargers had had Their say. Nothing
smaller in the way Of horsefnsh is on
view in the Garden than three dimunitive
teams Of four-in-hands that competed IN
the event The Misses Holme, who had
charge Of Miss Ruth Starrett's ponies.
wore cowboy hats, and made a fetching
picture driving the little piehald leaders.
The blue ribbon, however, was awarded
10 Charles c. Buun's four. second honors
going to Mrs. William Z. WoOdend en-
try. The Misses Holme received the yell
low.
Edward 3. Mclean, the Washington
millionaire, purchased yesterday the
chestnut stallion Aibin Wilddre which
carried of the blue ribbon Oh Monday for
stations Of four years old or over He
paid $1,000 10 Walter Briggs. Of Lancas-
tershire, England, the owner Of the horse.
Albin Wildhre was sire by POlonius, dam
Lady Mile. Mr.. Mclean will take the
stallion to his breeding farm, near Chevy
Chase, in the suburbs Of Washington,
where he is getting together choice col
lection Of hackney breeding stock and
harness horses Albin WilddTe has style
enough for heavy harness. but is intended
for the stud. The record price for hack
ney stations in this country is $4,000, paid
by w. Seward Webb in 1892 to Henry
Fairfax. of Virginia, for the imported
chestnut horse, Matchless Of Londes-
borough
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-11-20
DELAY FOR FAcH's AssAILANT.

The trial OF Mrs. Elizabeth Edmunds'
who shot District Attorney Each Of Rich
mond County on August 10 last, which
was 20 have been called to-day, has been
postponed 10 the December term Of the
Richmond County Court. Justice Kelly
has said he would prefer not 10 PRESIDE
at the trial lest Mrs. Edmunds say ne
was blassed because she had made varl-
Gus complaints TO him that certain law
yers were working against her.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1912-10-01
MICHIGAN MOOSE
HAVE A PINK TEA

Lansing, Mich, Oct l. 1.-Pre-conven-
ton talk inAicated a harmonious ses-
sion with. the probability OF no con-
tests for various places on the ticket
at the Michigan progressive conven-
ton today Governor Osborn was un-
able to attend. The governor has left
for Boston to attend a Masonic con-
vention. The convention will nom-
mate secretary of state, auditor gen.
eral, attorney general, supreme court
Justice, treasurer and land commits
sioner. In the primaries last August
State Senator Whitney Watkins was
chosen as candidate for governor.
julius Kirby of Saginaw, temporary
chairman. in keynote praised the ad-
ministration Of Osborne as progress
sive and of great value to the state.
He sharply attacked the republican
state convention. Referring to a
statement by the chairman of the re-
publican state convention that Taft
Deserves a square deal" Kirby said:
'If Taft received square deal his
name would be stricken from the tick
ct on the ground of stolen delegates" F."
Nominations are expected late this
afternoon.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1912-10-01
MOCK LYNCHING is USED
TO BRING A CONFESSION

Kenosha, Wis, Oct ALI the men
tai anguish OF man being led to the
scaffold to pay the penalty for a hid
Wiley Davie, negro, suspected of
theft.
Sheriff ANDY" Stahl of Kenosha or
ganized a mob" and pretended that
the negro was about to be lynched, in
order to obtain confession from him.
The ruse was successful from Stahls
point of view, but the nervous agony
Davie suffered while being dragged to
a nearby swamp with a halter around
his neck has left him in a critical con-
dition.
He was told that he would be hang
ed and every detail of lynching was
carried out until convenient tree was
reached. Then the negro's nerve gave
way and he admitted his crime.
Davie was charged with stealing a
shotgun. When captured by the sher-
ift he denied his guilt. Stahl had trail
ed him for 80 miles over half the coun-
ty and felt that he had the right man.
"Oh, WELL" said Stahl, Eve don't
like negroes in Kenosha county, any
way" Then to the crowd, Boys, get
a rope"
In a minute the cry was taken up,
and Davie was dragged from the sher-
IFS automobile. A boy came running
from barn with a halter 1t was
thrown about Davies neck, and with a
yell the crowd. thirsty for blood. as
Davie imagined, started for a woody
swamp few hundred yards distant.
They had dragged the negro but a
little way when, livid with fear he
screamed, Wait. I'll get the gun
Don't hang me-"
The halter was removed from his
I neck and he sank to the ground. un-
able to walk. II was nearly an hour
before he was able to show where the
gun had been concealed beneath the
leaves in a grove.
I'D rather be live negro In the
pen than lynched negro in the grave
yard said Davie after he had been
lodged in jail.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1912-10-01
BROWN is
INJURED IN A TIP

Wauwatosa, Wis, Oct. Bruce
Brown, while driving his big Fiat
down the stretch of the Vanderbilt
cup course at noon, overturned. Brown
and his mechanician were taken to a
hospital. Both were unconscious.
Brown and his mechanician this
afternoon were very low. They were
removed to a hospital In Milwaukee.
Physicians say the skulls are frac-
tured and an operation is necessary.
Milwaukee. Oct. 1.-Physicians at
Trinity hospital reported operations
on Bruce-Brown and Mechanician
Scudelari successful, with chances u
recovery excellent. The fractures
were slight. Both have regained con-
sciousncss.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1912-10-01

pear for the government Judge Al
bert B. Anderson will be on the bench.
YEARS OF INVESTIGATION.
For several years prior to the Los
Angeles disaster detectives had been
at work on more than 100 explosions
" hich were scattered from Massachu-
setts to the Pacific coast. The JeXplo-
sions were directed against work un-
der construction by employees of non
union labor and chiefly against mem
bers of the National Erectors' asso-
citation, which had broken off rela-
tions with the union.
Outside of this list Of explosions,
the government alleges it has secured
evidence among others from three
chief sources. These are:
From great bundles of correspond,
ence taken in a raid on the iron.
workers international headquarters,
covering the period when John J. Nc.
Namara was active secretary-treasur,
ct and when he is alleged to have been
voted $1,000 a month for expenses for
which he was required to give no &C,
counting.
From the confession of Ortfe r. NE,
Manigal, confessed dynamiter and &C.
ocmplice of the McNamaras, who is to
be witness for the government.
From a record of conversations in
Ryan's office, secured by stenogra
piers who were concealed in another
room and had telephone instrument
hidden under Ryan's desk.
At the head of the list of defend
ants. who thus are brought into court
exactly two years after the Los An
geles disaster. are:
Frank NJ. Ryan. president of the
International Association of Bridge
and Structural Ironworkers.
Ortie f. McManigal. once known as
u. w. McGraw" on the Pacific coast
confessed dynamiter and accomplice
of the Mcnamara brothers, who has
been kept in custody as a witness fol
the prosecution ever since his arrest
in Detroit a year ago last April.
Herbert S. Hockin, successor o.
John J. Mcnamara as secretary-treas
urer of the union. whom McManiga
accuses of being the organizer of the
"dynamiting crew." and one of the
originators of the alarm clock scheme
scheme by which explosions were Sc
of several hours after the mine wat
placed.
"a INDICTED.
Most of the other defendants ar,
pI esent or former union officials
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1912-10-01
ROCK RIVER CONFERENCE
BEGINS ITS I'D SESSION

Chicago. Oct. 1.-An executive ses-
sion OF the cabinet opened the 73rd
annual session of the Rock river con-
ference of the Methodist Episcopal
church at EyanstOA today. The cab
met considered the matter Of appoint
ments Of pastors TO various churches.
for next year. Its announcement prob
ably will be made next Tuesday Can
didates for ordination were examined
both as to educational attainments
cad personal standing. Personal hab-
its came in for searching inquiry,