The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-12-08

populati,ns has j. ciined stiiI me pco-
pie are pioFictd with foo ami raj
mont. Some % the Countries nave
TODD and dbr. to sell ana csh"r coun-
tiles need 10 buy. bat Il IL logical that
the relative a.clime Of the a. icuItnrai
clement must oyentudlly reach point
q. which II h. Al equilibrium with in
dustrialisml. Increasing production per
acre At. increasing eihciency 81 hu-
man lsbor. promoted largely bs I'M
pieinents ard uachiner. peini;t -
IrctiOn of TIA, agricultural clement in
the population relatively 20 Il lover
point thau could be reached ana s"s-
tanned De- = Grade agriculture
immigrants and N~sroc. Declining
Factors.
Tho rapidly Of the agricultural He-
vclopmort Of this country owes
great deal To thr Immigrants = 10
came hero 70 do hard work. live caeap-
~ and save out OF their thrift They
began as farm iaborcrs. eventually
bought farms b. giving mortgages TO
secure portion 81 tho purchase
money and subscpucntlf PAID of the
mortgages II IL possible 20 discover
how large. relatively. the foreign
born element was In the white agri-
cultural laborcrs In 1890 an1 1900.
The approaching exhaustion Of the
supply Of cheap public land had
caused 4 diminution OF the foreign
born clement in white agricultural Ia
to-crs by 1890 In that year the fot-
cicn-horn white eSricUltural iaboTe5s
were . per cent of all white azr.cGi-
tural laborers. whereas the perccn-
tage was y pc cent in 1890. During
the past decade. although various pr
,ate and public agencies nave en-
deavored 20 place Southern an East
crn Europe upon tho land imInigTa-
ton IS a source % farm labor supply
las steadily declined IN Importance
The principal results accomplished
have been the .Stablish mont. partly
though rhianthropic motives and
partly b. the nope Of gain. OF a num-
Der ~ smell agricultural colonies IN
the south and other sections Of the
country.
The ienS. ncv OF the negro TO leave
the farm arst became noticeable in
. marked degree during the decade
lsa0-Is0o Their exodus has en- al An
increasing rate during the past twelve
years. The -lamor and attraction OF
cities and towns to members of this
race ar now well known and general
j. reco-uiz,tl
Determination of Wages.
cotlVet!tion between agriculture!
and other employ ments in detcrnln-
ing Wage rates confronts the farmer
almost everywhere IN this county II
j. the-efcre important 10 the success
of farming operations tina, depend on
hired labor that they should produce
commodities whose prices are high
enough To sustain competitive wages
on the farm II is demonstrated In the
, ec.nt bulletin of the Department OF
Agriculture that there Is at least as
ISOLATION. Il not the relationship OF
cause and effect. between high and low
farm yvs<c rates. respectivelS. and iish
and low average value Of product per
..orker Al examination OF TIE
course Of prices vf farm products at
the fam shows that farm wage rates
have persisted ln an upward move
mont in spite OF downward price
movement At tim. : as wei as dUTinS
The 3.rledS when th. price movement
was upward although not in ss great
"a degree.
D., has boon d;scovere5 in the in
Nr~tI--4fipn 81 farm wage rates m AT
parts % tnc country. and for various
Iincs OF agricultural production. that
tin. General Fundamental fact il that
the cirhc- rates OF wages in any
community are sustained by tie more
intensive - fr1ffrrf T. very part
~ fte country 3, has been observed
ti,at a.. rruht- wages and ability 70
select the 5c-te- l'b"reTs are FOUND
o., ferns mana -.d IN the more Inter
if..~nt VIZ ana or wni~n the CUT
v-f.n i- 81 the more intensive sort
Nhst oG the .'Dfurc:
win rers-d 10 -he frture the fore
rsef bv the fr5~~ai Department of
Agriculture s. that farm labor will
~, p. recruited IN spprecisbls ne
80. s~r.a the rifr. The farmer would
49,. ,r... Ia ct HE labor from 'hc
r-sles 81 fc could hold tho coUnfry
...,--tfsffon - IN. soil. and from the
70, ,rnific- 4 thc importance 90 rc-
t.s-io- d.. chfidr IN tho farm and
81 ie~niog COUNT, labor from niETat-
s-- 20 it's is governing most Of the
..o~t b. nation AMI state H. eehslf OF
f...-f.rs IN sGGifi~n - efforts v"
-sr.-,otc economic Improvement. many
sreu.i,. arc - s"rk H9ou the covn-
g.. .raf,'~ 20 improve fneir dwellings,
tf.i~ modes 90 iivfnz fheir home Dfc
a-.. fhef- -.riri asti' ifies. which are
aif.s.ig j., zirrinz a. count agaiust tnf
f.eseaatr~sS 90 cogutr1 Hfc and n
fa~o- Il snaSfn= 20 attractive
Tn. r.rui .er-e-ts - the farm 40 -
m. rra~s~f~r q labor employed have
ben rsdicsny chsuEins. The labor 70
D., r., -forus.5 ~ g. rrneTs. u Is no"
thought. should te governed BY ron
visierahl - mount % extensive KNOW 10
.d9c. and. 80 possible. ~ scicn'ine