davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Egg room I'm large Eastern cold
storage plant.
which shrinks the eggs, though much
more slowly than would occur with
out storage. The growth of bacte. la
in cold storage is practically prevent
ed. II bacteria are in the eggs when
stored, the growth will be checked,
but activity will begin again when the
eggs are warmed up.
Speaking generally, the cold-storage
egg. while not unwholesome, Is in
ferior in flavor and strength of white
to fresh egg. The cold-storage egg
can be very nearly duplicated in gross
appearance and quality by allowing
eggs to stand for three or four weeks
in a dry room. Cold-storage eggs.
when In case lots. can be told by the
GAMBLER because Of the uniform shrink
age, the presence OF mold on cracked
eggs and, perhaps, the occasional
presence Of certain kinds of spot rots
peculiar to storage stock; but the alb
solnte detection Of a single cold
storage egg by Gambling Is, so far az
the writer knows, impossible.
With the present prevailing custom
Of holding fall eggs without storage
facilities. it is frequently true that
eggs placed In cold storage in April
are superior to current fall and early
winter receipts. Cold-storage eggs are
usually sold wholesale as cold-storage
goods. but are retafled simply as
eggs"
The fall eggs offered to the con-
sumner cover every Imaginable var1a-
ton IN quality, and the poorest ones
sold may or may not be cold-storage
stock.
Occasional articles have been print
ed calling attention to the fact that
the cold-storage men were reap1r z
vast profits which rightfully belonged
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

In the modern up-to-date bakery
the thermometer controls the Workin
of the plant, water, -four, dough- Ter
menting room and oven. The tenn
perature is gagged accurately SO as TO
produce the correct results. Every
move is dependent upon the thermo-
meter.
In the olden days and even yet,
where old-fashioned methods prevail,
the thumb Of the baker was the guide
as to temperature Of water, flour,
dough and over In the home the
word "tepid" covers the ground. each
woman to decide for herself what
may be tepid or otherwise
No dairyman would think Of con-
Quoting his business without dairy
ing thermometer, and this same Their
mometer, costing from 25 to 80 cents,
should be In every woman's kitchen
who pretends to be a good bread
maker and who wants her bread the
same every time.
the kitchen is the cause Of much of
TIE bad luck" you hear discussed,
and why this baking was so much
poorer than the last.
There need be no guess work about
how hot your dough will be If a SIM
pie rule be followed. Let US presum me
you wish to set your dough at 80 de-
gress F. by the thermometer. You
ascertain the temperature Of the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
ORCHARD NOTES.

Many farmers who have been grow
ing fruit for years do not know that
the apple and most other fruit trees
form fruit buds in the late summer
months
In very dry weather fruit buds are
formed quite early and In case Of a
wet fall immature fruit buds some
times change into leaf buds.
Most small fruits form their fruit
buds in the spring.
A Missouri correspondent writes:
II have been told to apply strong kerr
osene emulsion to my apple trees for
scab. Is this better than Bordeaux
mixture 2" No. Bordeaux mixture 10
effective but kerosene Is not. The
only way to apply Bordeaux mix
ture is by spraying SO that every part
of the tree Is covered. This cannot be
done with q swab.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

corner teeth by the end Of the second
year. The shedding Of tho teeth and
the beginning Of the second set or
permanent teeth occur at from : y to
years OF age.
The frst or milk teeth may always
be recognised by their shortness,
Wilderness and by a constriction or
neck. The middle front teeth are
shed nrst the intermediate ones fol-
low at the oge OF sh to 1 years. and
the corner teeth are shed at from 4 \
to years OF age
The determination Of the age OF
horses between the years OF and 10
may be made with considerable GER
tainty by experts from a study Of the
front teeth Of the lower and upper
jaws Naturally these teeth undergo q
progressive wearing process which
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

The age Of horse determines. in q
general way. the limit Of it, useful
ness. Still, It IL not always sure
guide to follow. A weN-preserved
horse of good disposition and nervous
temperament, is often younger at SIX
teen, as far az activity and usefulness
20. than many mother horse Is at
eight.
While twenty-five years is consid-
cred the limit Of q horses usefulness,
exceptional cases may not have out
lived their usefulness at thirty. and
Instances are recorded Of horses hav-
ing lived for more than fifty years.
A horses age Is commonly deter
mined by an examination Of the In
dividual teeth. This is usually an ao-
curate method until the tenth or
twelfth year. After this period the
general appearance Of the teeth and
the bones Of the head are relied upon
in determining age.
At birth the foal commonly has no
teeth In the front of the mouth and
only four grinders In each jaw. After
IA few days the middle fore teeth ap-
pear and after a month another grind
er breaks through on each side of each
jaw. After four months the inter-
mediate fore teeth appear, and at the
age Of from six to eight months the
side fore teeth or corners appear and
another grinder on each jaw. The set
Of milk teeth Is then complete.
At the age Of from Is to 16 months
the cavities in the face OF the middle
fore teeth are effaced or razed: and
the same process takes place In tho
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
MAINTAINING HUSfUs.

The use Of commercial fertilizere
can never do away with the necessity
of maintaining humus content Of the
soil. Commercial fertilizers used in
connection with manure or green for
age crops plowed under will produce
astonishing results. On very poor
soil commercial fertilizers will fre-
quently stimulate the young plants to
make an amazing early growth. but If
we obtain profitable results from their
use we must supply some form Of
vegetable matter to the soil to I'M
prove It's physical condition. This is
point that farmers frequently over
look. It Is a waste Of time and money
to apply fertilizers 70 soil that Is not
adapted to their reception and econ
omy.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
sILO CEIEAPENS DAIRY RATION.

The work of our Shorthorn dairy
herd Of Ii cows in 1911 was the most
successful in years.
The most economical feed for the
dairy cow is the feed that is grown on
the farm. and must be in the best con-
dition. This is my method Of feeding:
Forty pounds of corn silage; one-half
In the morning and one-half in the
evening. with all the alfalfa hay they
Will clean up. fed in the barn. They
run to corn foder unhusked and Kafir
fodder in the yard. This Is not a
properly balanced ration, but is as
near as can be obtained with the feeds
that can be produced on the farm.
I find it does not pay to buy the
commercial feeds only in the absence
OF alfalfa hay, when 1t does pay to sup
plement silage with a mixture Of cot
tonseed and bran to supply the protein
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
CHOICE VARIETIES OF the ROSE
CHARACTERISTICS OF MANY LOVELY ROSES
WHICH MAY BE GROWN SUCCESSFULLY
IN A MILD TEMPERATURE. v
by III. Erscalsen.

Tho roses enumerated are such as
have grown on my own GROUNDS ana
know to BE- satisfactory In every re-
spect, Before I take up the indi-
vidual roses. It might be well to make
a concise reference 10 the two grand
divisions Of Queen Rosa's kingdom
and point out the difference between
the Tea and Monthly Roses and
Hybrid Perpetuals.
The former make constant growth
and new flower buds all through the
summer and are therefore very prop
erly termed ever-blooming. But the
appellation Of the latter Is q mis-
homer, for they do not bloom per-
pstually. a. tho name would indicate
producing only one crop Of flowers IN
June. with an occasional blossom In
autumn.
Unfortunately. the tea-roses are not
entirely hardy In our northern climate
and, II planted at all, require winter
protection. The Hybrid Perpetuals
on tho other hand. are perfectly hardy
and vigorous, and distinguished by
flne foliage and magnificent flowers,
both a. regards size Of bloom and
color, which explains why they con-
tinue to be the most popular roses.
There IL, for instance, our old Fly
bird Perpetual friend General JAG
Queminot. Familiarity known as Jack"
which still holds first place among
the dark red roses and is simply
mass of bloom when at its best.
Paul Neyron, by far the largest rose
in cultivation. and one OF the most
prolific boomers. IL OF deep, clear
pink color and very desirable as
&C. den rose. It is an exceptionally
strong grower. often making straight
shoots four to i've feet high in one
season, each shoot bearing an I'm
mense flower. No collection Of roses
would be complete without 1t.
Most rosarians II called upon to
designate the finest flesh colored Hy-
bird Perpetual would unhestitating!y
name Clio. The flowers are simply
perfection in form, and in color they
are a delicate satin blush with light
shading Of rosy pink at the center
As the plant makes vigorous growth.
possesses handsome foliage and Is a
dne bloomer, It is one Of the best
roses for the urban or suburban gar
den and should not be omitted from
any collection.
Baroness Rothschild is another rose
Of value for the open ground. Owing
to the toughness Of its large. heavy
foliage. it Is especially free from mil
dew and insect attacks. It Is perfectly
hardy and blooms twice and some
times thrice in a season.
Among the other Hybrid Perpetuals
that may be safely recommended to
beginners In rose culture are: Mrs.
John Laing, delicate pink. large fine
form, very fragrant; Magma Charta.
priced on account Of its strong. up
right growth, and bright healthy
foliage, as we'll as for it's magnificent,
fragrant, full. slobular. deep pink
blossoms; Ulrich Drummer, one Of the
most abundant boomers, with flowers
bright cherry-red and very fragrant;
Frau Karl Druschki, white. free flow
ering, with bright, heavy foliage and
strong, upright growth, and Prince
Camille de Rohan, large. moderately
full and best described as blackish
crimson in color.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
AREATED MILK.

All milk should be areated as soon
as taken from the COW. This can Do
done by passing it through the sepa-
rator. but it is not as good as q device
which divides the milk into many hne
streams and then allows it to nov
over a wide surface in thin sheets
with plenty Of ice to keep the surface
cool.
If nothing better can be had. miR
NAV b. areated by placing the cans In
trough of cold water and dipping
the milk with a long handled dlppeR
and pouring it back into the can until
it is thoroughly cool.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
the COLD STORAGE Of EGGS
THE 1NFALLIBLE RULE CONCERNING THE MAR
KET1NG OF EGGS is FOR THE FARMER TO
SELL HIS EGGS AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
AFTER THEY ARE LAID.
By M. M. Hastings.

The cold storage egg industry Is q
development Of the last twenty-five
years Undoubtedly the industry as
4 whole has been OF great benefit to
both egg producer and egg consumer.
and has tended toward the leveling OF
the price OF eggs throughout the year
and has resulted tn large increase IN
the fall and winter consumption. This
means a larger total demand ana a
consequent increase in price.
Owing TO the fact that eggs are
spoiled by hard freezing, they must be
kept at higher temperature than
meat and butter. Temperatures Of
from 20 to 81 degrees r. are used In
cold storage OF eggs. At such tenn
peratures the eggs, II kept IN moist
air, become mo3dy or musty. To pre-
vent this, the air In a frst-claes stor-
age room is kept moderately dry,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
Roses and ferns arranged
display both to advantage.

display both to advantage.
The production OF new varieties az
roses of merit has been particularly
rapid in the past two decades. and
many novelties Of exceptional value
have been introduced. Among them
the so-called Hybrid Teas desaEvs
special attention because thsy afe
nearly hardy, and among the noss
beautiful Of all roses.
They are a CROSS between the Hybrid
Perpetuals and the delicate Teas aod
have inherited the vigor Of tho former
and tho charming form and fHagranoe
of the latter. Probably the best known
Of these roses is the incomparable IA
France"
Maman Cochet, a large. fua. 0ea9
oarmine rose, shaded with salmon ~.
low, is also very free Towering ana
lasts long time when cut
Kaiserin Augusta Victoria h aaDo M
valuable as cut flower. In color 3
is pearfy white, softly tinted wt4
lemon in the center.
The color Of Belle siehrecht <aaso
offered under the name Of Mss. ". J.
Grant, Is an imperial pink o8 the
richest shade. It is vigorous groweR,
with large, glossy foliage Of lea&hery
texture.
Among other roses that are suTo 10
give satisfaction, would include he
"Gruss aus Teplitz," the Golden Sun.
Clothilde soupert (Poyantha). pearl
white, with bright pink center; Mn
iature, another fairy rose, perhaps the
smallest Of all roses; Harrison's yol-
low, an Austrian brier-rose OF merit:
Madame Planter (Hybrfd Chm0).
Rosa Rugosa, and the Crimson Ram.
bier, and that pink rambler, the Dor
othy Perkins.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

TO the farmer. and advising the farmer
TO send his own eggs to the storage
mouse or to preserve them by other
means. AS matter of fact, the cold
storage Of eggs has not Of late yea !
been particularly profitable. there hav-
Ing been severe losses during several
seasons. Even were the profits Of egg
storing many times greater than they
are, the above advice would still be
unw1se. for the storing. removing and
selling Of the farmers individual case
OF eggs would eat up all possible
profit.
When eggs in the hands Of large
cold storage. the best and most eff
Gent methods known are in reality at
the farmers service. Because Of the
severe competition that prevails in
egg storing. the farmer Is paid all the
increase in price which the business
will stand. A comparison of the sum-
mer prices Of eggs now with summer
prices before days of cold storage will
substantiate the truth of this state
ment.
Cold storage is an evil only when
controlled by dishonest mon. Proper
ly conducted under lawful safeguards
against the devices Of interruptions
spectators 1t equalizes values of food
products to the consumer. regulates
the supply to conform to the demand.
provides q steady market and conse-
quo entity larger profit to the producer
and greater satisfactio to the con-
sumner.
Cooperation among farmers, II
widely extended and wisely managed,
would do the same thing. It would
prevent the rushing Of crops to mar
ket when prices are low. provide cap
ital to hold them. prevent ruinous
competition, reduce the cost Of selling
and prevent losses through middle
men.
Cooperation among farmers has
made less Roadway In the United
States than in other entries. The
two chief examples Of its success hero
are the fruit trade of California and
the cooperative creameries, Of which
some 1900 are in operation at the
present writing. To the writer's per-
sonal knowledge there is only one
farmers cooperative egg-marketing
association In existence in the United
States. and that has been kept up
more from a desire to adhere to prin-
ciple than because the members were
financially reimbursed for their extra
trouble.
About one-haf tho egg business of
Denmark is handled by cooperative
egg-export societies, which proves
that such method Of egg market1n.:
can be successfully carried on. The
other half Of the Danish egg trade is
handled by private dealers, who are
equally severe in rejecting bad eggs
and maintaining the quality, from
which we may judge that the system
of egg handling by private dealers is
also capable Of putting out q high
grade Of eggs.
The loss in this country due to the
actual spelling Of eggs constitutes an
enormous waste. which counts In a
large measure be saved were eggs
given reasonable care from the time
of laying until they reached tho con-
sumner.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
BIG MONEY.

Last years agricultural products
were worth S0,000.000.o00 to the
farmers. The Government used farm
values In getting figures for this total.
Assuming that the farmers kept one
third Of the products for thoir own
use, tho consumers paid more than
$4,000, 100000 for what the pro-
ducere received $4,000. 900. 900. The
cost Of getting the years products
from producers to consumers amount
ed to the enormous sum OF $1,000
100000. The real problem to deal
with is not high cost OF living. It 10
high cost of sell1ng.-B. r. Yoakum,
chairman St. Louis & San Francisco
r. r..
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
PR0l 0NcINc the LIFE OF FENCE POSTS
ByJ.A Ferguson
BY J. A. Ferguson.

This forms a shell Of creosoted
wood from one-eighth Of an inch to
two inches in thickness around the
pos: that effectively excludes moisture
ard prevents the entrance Of fungi.
The simplest form Of treating tank
would consist Of iron tank four
feet high and about three feet In
diameter, set up over brick fireplace
with stove pipe smoke stack Such
an outfit would cost about $12 or SIS.
Often an old iron boiler can be
found that will answer the purpose.
A galvanized tank has usually too thin
a bottom to set up over an open fire.
Such a tank, however. can be utilized
and heated by means Of three-inch
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

driven from the cab, the brakemen
locked themselves in the caboose 1t
the rear end Of the train; the fireman
and switchman were routed, but after
an hours fight with the bees a farmer
came along, turned q small stream
from a garden hose on them, quickly
scooped them into a box, put them
under his arm and went along home.
Then the train moved on.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

element. Cows fed on the above ra-
pail. De-.
find In feeding silage the cost Of
feed is reduced from 40 to so per cent.
and the flow Of milk is increased and
kept up. This is our second year with
this silage, and 1t is surely a satisfac-
tory dairy feed.-J. c. Frey, Kansas.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Missouri Chief Josephine, born on
the Missouri College farm. at Colum-
bia and the worlds champion cow for
six. eight, ten and elevec months was
carried on a special train over the
Frisco, Wabash and Burlington Rail
road lines in Missouri. University
authorities took this means Of giving
the citizens of Missouri an opportunity
of seeing this famous COW.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
MADE THINGS LIVELY.

At Twin Falls, Idaho, a swarm Of
bees settled In the spout Of a stand
pipe at the water tank. and when the
fireman on the first train came along
and attempted TO lower 1t there was
great excitement in the neighborhood.
He was SO vigorously attacked that he
fed from the tender, the engineer was
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
UNLOCKING A DOOR FROM THE
OITTSIDE

A cord is fastened to the hook and
then passed through hole in the
door and tied to the knob outside.
Pulling the string will remove the
hook; slip he string off the hook and
the door cannot be opened from the
outside.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Sacred cattle are being slaughtered
and shipped to Paris to help out the
scarcity Of beef. In Madagascar there
are herds, cousins to midas sacred
hump cattle, and the French, as pro-
tectors Of Madagascar pronounce the
meat Of these animals equal to beef.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

horns once year. The bucks shed
their horns in March each year. and
they are sold for the making of knife
handles.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Pigeon keeping Is remunerat1ve and
instructive work for the boys. They
like the work. which Is one Of the
first requisites Of success.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Many farmers every year lose
portion of the value of their crops
because they have not force enough
to SOW them in season.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

II there 10 anything known that-W91l
start hons to laying 1t IL COOKED lsan
meat, chopped fine. An ounce daily
to each hen is sufficient, with half an
ounce Of chopped, scalded sifaafa and
one ounce Of bran.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

The demand for good poultry ana
eggs is growing every year and VIII
undoubtedly continue to grow.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

The we'll fed SOW gives the pigs q
good start in life.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

Close confinement in filth and dirt
checks growth.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

DO r. B. Rush ing.
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10

Lindsey Miller spent Friday night
with friends here.
Mr.. Graves, the bridge contrac-
tor, left last week for his home in
Indiana, leaving the bridge work
in charge of Ben Stafford. Lumber
for flooring will be delivered next
week and will be laid In a very
short time.
Mrs. J. J. Brooks of Old Jack
son attended church at Oak Hill
Sunday.
Jonn L. Fry preached to a large
crowd here Sunday night.
Quite a crowd Of young folks
took dinner with Miss jennie
Campbell Sunday.
Mrs. w. G. Campbell, who has
been In poor health for some time,
is rapidly improving.
Ephert Cude was among friends
here first of the week.
A. L. Campbell and family visit.
ed relatives near Hubble Greek and
Sutton Saturday and Sunday.
Lonnie Johnson made business
trip to Pocahontas Monday.
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10
CAVENAR

D. c. Stephens and family took
dinner with E. E. Tyler and--wife
last Sunday.
Mrs. Liza Vandergriff of near
Pocahontas visited her father, Ed.
F. M. Bryan, from Saturday until
Monday of this week.
Rev. A. M. Doss preached a very
interesting sermon at Concord last
Sunday at IL o'clock to very at
teDtlVe audience and Rev. Joe
Bryan preached at 4 o'clock in the
evening.
Esq, J. IL. Pearce visited his
daughter, Mrs. Fannie Clark, and
family last Sunday.
Allen Pearce made a business
trip to Pocabontas last Saturday.
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10

Constable J. p. Cavenar had Of
fetal business in Shiloh township
last week.
A. G. Pendargrass and little
daughter, Lula, attended church at
Concord last Sunday.
E. E. Tyler and wife went to
Pocahontas Saturday.
Mrs. Myrtle Hawkins is spend
ing few days visiting her mother,
Mrs. Coleman of near New Home.
James Hawkins and wife visited
the family of |. N. Hawkins last
Saturday night.
Mrs. Martha West is reported as
being very sick at this writing.
Tom Frazier has been laid up for
some time with something like
rheumatism, but is reported able to
work some now.
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10
holland

Raymond Bates returned home
from Oregon Monday.
Mrs. Clarence Ferguson was
visiting her sister at Hoxie the
latter part of last week.
Bro. b NJ. Lemmons will preach
at Cherry Hill Saturday night and
Sunday.
Mona Perkins, Liberty Roberts
and Jennie Level were the guests
Of Ora Pace Saturday.
Singing at New Harmony every
Sunday evening.
DR.. Lloyd Pace made a business
trip TO Pocshontas Tuesday.
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10

Alvls aud Ewart Shaver are
visiting their grandparents, Mr..
and Mrs. w. G. Campbell.
Mrs. Martha Glover is with
friends at holland this week.
A good singing was enjoyed at
Uncle Newt Perrln's Sunday even
ing,
Pocahontas star herald., 1912-05-10

Hay For SALE-at SOC, 75c and
81. 90 per bale. Call on N. Nc
Nabb, Brockett, Ark. 35 4tp.