davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

record. The price at this time was
also unusually low In 1909 the supply
fell off considerably and the price
advanced. The same is true in 1910,
while in 1911 there was a decrease OF
nearly 100000 tons over the year
1910, and the price increased mate
rally. This shows that the price
varies to marked extend in accord
ance with the supply and demand
The excess of hay in 1908 was I'M
doubte6ly instrumental in keeping the
price at a low figure during 1909.
The continued reduction in the pro
duction of hay for the past four years,
combined with the ract that we have
just passed through an unusually long
and severe winter, which to farmers
needs no comment, would indicate
that there is an unusual scarcity of
hay throughout the agricultural dis
tricts. late spring is not condu
Give to good hay crop; hundreds OF
farmers have reported the total loss
of their clover and, in many cases,
of the alfalfa also. Many farmers
have paid as high as S25 per ton for
hay, and in the cities baled hay has
sold as high as $40 Connecting with
this the fact that due to the nature
of tame hay, it is practically impos-
sible to wilfully influence the fiuctua.
ton OF production in one season, it
seems almost a. certainty that hay
will be high next winter.
The hay crop is different from some
of the other farm products; potatoes,
for example. If the price of potatoes
scars unusually high, il Is almost a
sure indication that, if conditions are
favorable, the next years market will
be low, due to the fact that an un.
usual acreage of potatoes sill be
planted and the market overstocked.
With the hay crop such an immediate
fluctuatiol annot occur and still leave
enough good hay on the farms for
feeding About the only remedy for
this situation is that the farmer begir
right now to plan for next winter
These plans should include sowing
some crop for forage The farmer has
at his disposal the millets, sorghum
cane, cowpeas, field peas, the cereals
and corn The most important Of
these is corn. which perhaps will pro
duce a greater yield of forage per acre
with the least amount of unusual lab
or, than any of these crops. Mos
farmers are not accustomed to hand
ling ONE Of these crops, but have fol
years cut at least a small amount Of
corn fodder and know how to handle
this feed satisfactorily. By cutting
corn there is also the saving Of a great
waste which is usually neglected OF
/ the ordinary farm. Thousands Of
acres of cornstalks are left standing
every year which would supply forage
for a large percentage Of our stock
enabling the farmer to market hii
/ hay at a profit and besides utilize Il
a great extent all the products of hii
land. Under ordinary conditions, 81
per cent of the feeding value of corr
Is in the stalk When this is left stand
ing in the field it is practically all lost
, especially if the weather happens Il
| be severe.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
MONEY M HAY STACK.
Corn Fodder a Splendid Substitute fol
Hsy--Other Forage Crops valu-
ahIe-Hay Prices Promise
70 Remain Good.

[By ]. F. Waggoner, of l. H. c. Ser
vice Bureau
Few farmers realize the importance
of studying the reports sent out by
the U. S Department of Agriculture
in making their plans for the future.
1t seems that the old habits cling to
us, and we year after year SOW or
plant corn, oats. wheat, barley. etc,
without any special concern regarding
what the future price may be as based
upon the supply carried over from the
year before. This method of farming
certainly does not show a practical
application of business principles to
agriculture. There are reasons, per.
haps, for this indifference in planning
our farm operations. Farm lands
have been increasing in value very
rapidly, also farm products, and it has
not been necessary for the farmer to
figure so closely as the business man
in order to make a profit on his prod.
ucts, nevertheless the man who does
meets with the greatest success. Very
few and reThars no other line of bust
ness could be engaged in successfully
without a careful study of the condi-
lions of that business. Just recently,
the writer knew of a case where coal
dealer had planned to go into business
for himself the first of March, but
after he had resigned his position he
began studying conditions and found
that a coal strike was inevitable. A
strike of this kind. to a man just start
ing in business, would be extremely
disastrous and probably result in fail
Urea fate which this man avoided
by studying conditions.
Every farmer should study carefully
the reports, facts aud figures sent out
by the Il S. Department of Agri.
culture. We find in going over the
records that the farm value of S14.64
per ton for hay in 1911 was higher
than has ever occurred before in the
history Of the U. S. Department of
Agriculture. At no other time, ex-
cepting in 1871, did the price any
where near approach the price for
1911. At tat time it was $14.30 per
ton on the farm.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

yond the satisfaction which comes
from work well done. His judg-
ments are based ON what he believes
to be right, and only that. He is such
an unusual mayor that New Workers
didn't quite know what TO think of him
at first, but since they have had an
opportunity to watch and study him
they have come to love him, in much
the same way that Lincoln was loved.
He is often spoken of. in fact, as a sec
ond emancipation. and not without rea-
son. for. to much greater extent than
even the most optimistic citizen dared
hope for VI to a year or two ago, he
has freed New York from the letters
of THE System.
He doesn't look Il great deal like in
coln-this spare. quiet, gray man of
medium height-but he's Of Lincolnian
stature IN other ways He makes the
same appeal to the popular imagina-
ton. and he stands for the same thing
that Lincoln typified- trust in the Al
mighty and in the Almightys people.
And he has whole lot of old fashion
ed notions. of the kiad that go with
rag carpets and husking bees and har-
vest home festivals
In the two years that he has oecu-
pied the city hall be has done 50 many
things which New Workers had come
to regard as impossible that the tell
ing of them would make story as
long rs the moral law. which COM
pariSon. it may he sad. Is ~ mere fig
ure Of speech For ore th:aa. and per-
haps 1t is really the li~gos' shing he
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

a. He also entertained them with a
description of the district school, IA
little board schoolhouse lis innocent of
paint now as it was then" which he
and some of his hearers attended.
1T was n hard place" he said. ut
was hard school We worked hard,
and we ate little. and we did not all
ways have enough to eat either The
recollections of those days will always
abide with me. not only the hardships
of them, but the joys of them too-the
joy of living and the Joy of working
and the knowledge of the great men
who lived there. My father was the
friend and great admirer for many
years of Roscoe Conkling. ! shall new
er forget the first time | saw him. I
went to Utica with my father-it was
great event In my life to visit Utica
and we went to the courthouse,
where Conkling was pleading suit
against the New York Central railroad.
He was the picture of beautiful young
manhood. for he was then approaching
middle life he handsomest man |
thought then and think tonight made
by the Almighty since he made Adam,
at was beautiful to look at him and
hear him speak and see the poise OF
his body and the grace Of his manner
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
EveNERs.

Reply to w. Eestwlek. Mervin. Sask
"Will You send me a description Of
how to ma a 3-hoIse and also a s.
horse eyener?"
The Illustration shows the 2-horse
evener in combination with the s.
horse The dimensions, however, from
the center hole to the outside holes
are given. also the length OF the single
trees. You will note that the evener
is seventy-fiye inches long. and the
main hole is thirty inches from
one end and foyty-hye inches from the
other. To make a 6-horse evener The
portion "a will have TO be ninety
inches long front outside hole to out
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

"A L the ANIMAL banquet of the Sons
IA of Oneida in New York city,
IA of which organization he is
president. Mayor william J.
Gavnor talked fee,ingly of his boyhood
days on the farm where he was born.
at a place" -ac declined to dignity it
by speakirS OF il as Il village-called
''SkeeterBoro." eleven miles from Uti-
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
WHEN TO SOW BARLEY.

If the season is far enough advanced
and all danger of severe weather past
the barley is sowed. usually abcvt the
middle of April A drill is the best
implement for this purpose. as it dis
tributes the seed evenly and at a uni
form depth The depth may vary to
suit the condition of the soil. The
nearer the seed to the moist soil, the
better This even distribution. at a
uniform depth. promotes an even
growth and maturity.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
LOSS BY SMUT.

About half million dollars worth
OF barley is destroyed by smut every
year in Wisconsin alone. If you are
going to treat smut with hot water.
you had better test your thermometer
by that at the creamery. A few de-
grees too hot will kill your barley.
Every man should have a barley plot
and grow his own seed. Two OF three
acres will be sufficient to devote to
this seed growing.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

has Gone. he has brought the city's
government back to Jeffersonian SIM
plicity.
In former days the door to the may
or's Office was portal through which
only the mighty might pass. Now it is
open to every citizen. The weak and
the poor ana the oppressed are as vel
come as the rich. Mr.. Gaynor gees
three or fotr times as many people ut
his Office every day as We're received
by his predec essor. No one who has
reasonable excuse for seeing him is
denied admittance, and no one goes
away unsatisiied TO those with COM
plants of injustice there were
many of them at first, but their num-
Der Is constantly decreasing under the
-
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

Deep cultivation of corn is not in
any way an insurance that the yielf
will be good; in fact after the first
cultivation deep tilaee Is injurious &c
corn. The feeding roots as usus'
thing lie very close 20 tie surfa anr
deem crItiv~tfo" 'ri'-~e- 80 tre
these roots to sroh an evtant as to
decrease TIE v'e'd f corr After the
first sir,o ~ve- - NV Cultivation VII
give the hos ~-s,,'.-
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

way. wore the same fashionable
clothes and could be counted On to say
the right thing on all occasions, And
that was ali.
Mr. GaynOr, ON the other hand. is the
most unconventional man with whom
New York has been intimately asso-
ciated for generations. He brought
with him the fresh air OF the wide out
of doors, along with a distinctive and
decided personality. He was born and
brought up On farm, has always liv-
ed ON Il farm, for most of the year TX
least. and is proud of the fact that he
is good farmer. lie believes that Il
spade is spade and thief Il thief,
no matter what his name or position.
He does biz things in quiet way
without fuss 81 foolishness, and, what
is even more novel. he does them with
out any thought of future reward be-
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
TWO BUSHELS TO THE ACRE.

The rate of seeding varies. Prob
ably the most satisfactory results are
obtained by using two bushels per
acre very thin seeding is apt 10
induce excessive stooling. thus caus.
ing irregular and late ripening The
value of the grain for brewing Dur.
poses depends entirely upon the uni.
iosin ripening and perfect maturity.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

then with people in Office who were
doing wrong and spoliating the public
treasury. have kept that up ever
since, with the only difference that
am now i'll position to DO 1t more eff
fectively. And in that sense of being
a meddler | expect TO continue to med
die as long as live"
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

orous Gaypor fashien----------------->----
The com paint of two peaceab'e citi-
zens who had been roughly handled by
special officers without anyNfesison led
to an investigation wflieh developed
the fact that there We're a.QaD special
policemen in New York walo, though
armed with full police powers. were
employed by firms and corporations.
They naturally took orders from those
who paid them their wages without re-
gard to the rights of the people with
whom they lnterfered Frequently
they went beyond the law. The result
of this discovery was that by the may
ors order all of these special officers
were Immediately stripped of their au-
thority.
Early one morning as merchant
was walking downtown to open his
store he said something that annoyed
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

and the beauty of his rhetoric. He
was one of the most eloquent men
have ever listened TO. and with 1t he
had a profound intellect.
1--WE had a hard struggle up there
in the country, but 1t did us no harm.
We worked hard all the year around.
We planted and we reaped, we moved
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
Horse collars Should En-

1t is well worth while to have per-
feet fitting collar for each work horse.
Collars should not be changed from
one horse to another unless the collar
is fitted to the second horse. A good
method Of fitting collars is to wet
them until they become soft and plia-
BILE, then put the collar on the horse
Kansas Farmer.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

side hole The main hole would then
need to be In the center. This is
making an e.ener so as to drive
six horses abreast. II you are PLAN
ming on using two or three horses in
the lead, a different arrangement will
have to be made.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
GET BUSY AT HOME.

No matter what you may have
thought of reciprocity 1t is now a
dead issue and we must get together
in earnest and raise more grain. A
single crop failure in the United
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

States would certainly be disastrous.
and let the United States carries no
great reserve. 1t prefers to trust to
luck and to the benefieence OF Provi-
dence.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

A careful study of this table will
show that The yield for 1908 exceed ed
by several million tons the yield of
any other year for which we have a
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
oEcwInG RAPE.
Reply &c Nathan Ringer, Grover
Hill, Ohio.

Reply &c Nathan Ringer, Grover
Hill. Ohio.
"Iow is rape IS a cattle feed for
mich cows, and what time is hest TO
SOW? How are soy beans for cattle,
and what Is The time 10 SOW here?
WoIld III e 70 know If alfalfa mafes
good pasture If sowed for miIch cows.
as the clover is all frozen out here this
spring"
Rape is 6es. adapted to cool eli
mates, but still does except 1nally well
in a very vide range of latitude. it
has been grown successfully in parts
Of MISSISSIPPI, and all the way north
into Canada 1t does best and de-
velops the most rapidly on rich, moist,
loamy soiia. although it wiz do fairly
wen on light. sandy col if they are in
a good state of cul i'asio i. Rape is a
very heavy feeder, ard requires a great
deal OF moisture. It a so utilities a
considerable amout Of nitrogen as
well as mineral plant food elements.
II requires practically the me plant
feed as co n, in very nearly the same
porpo; lions, and for this reason corn
dos not d so well following rape as
some other crops, for instance, wheat.
TIC soil should be prepared in much
the same way as for corn; in other
words, it should be in a good state of
cultivation before planting the rape.
There are several ways OF planting
this crop. depending upon conditions.
Some f. mers prefer to dill it in rows
and cultivate it. This method is not
generally followed, but gives very good
satisfaction. The usual method is to
sow broadcast some time along from
the first Of May to the middle of July,
either on land specially prepared, on
land following an early crop or in the
growing corn field. The usual amount
Of seed required per acre varies from
four to five pounds.
Unde. favorable conditions, rape is
ready for pasture from fifty to seventy
days after sowing. We have known
of instances where it would afford
good pasture six weeEs after planting
hut this Is unusual
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

A little more grain, plenty Of good
hay. and the thorough use Of the curry
comb and brush is about the QUIZ
whip that most farm torses need.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

N YEW WORKERS used to smile at
EAg farmers with an air of indul.
h gen. superiority, but they are
not doing nearly SO much of il
now since they have become well &C,
quainted with Mayor William j. Gay.
nor lie is the first farmer chief ex-
ecutive the city has ever had, or at
least the only one it has had for q
hundred years or more. and he has
given the people a new view of tse
possibilities of city life and of the capa-
bilities of the man from the country.
Before bin the city hall was occu-
pied in turn by merchants, LAWYERS and
politicians, who differed froE each 9th
er only in name They were either
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

inCIEdHta AtAS--D1 =
cows. Some farmers object to 1t be-
cause they claim 1t taints the milk.
To overcome this objection, 1t is we'll
to feed rane after milling. 1t is a
very valuable feed for other stock.
Sheep and hogs are usually better than
other kinds of stock fol pasturing on
rape. The best way to feed cattle and
horses is to use rape as a soiling
crop.
In several states they have expert
mented with mixing rape with oats or
wheat. and have succeeded very well.
In Iowa a pound of rape was sowed
per acre about ten days after seeding
the oats. The rape interfered to
some extert in harvesting the oats,
but probably would not have caused
any trouble if it had been sowed three
weeks after the oats were planted. II
the land is very poor, it probably
would be best to sow the rape with
the small grain.
Speaking Of the use of soy beans,
will say that this crop is grown very
successfully in pafts of Ohio. and ranks
very close to c'oyers and alfalfa for
hay. The variety known as medium
green win mature seed in from ninety
to one hundred days, and is considered
about the best variety for most locali-
ties, The Ito San is a quicker matur-
ing variety than the medium green,
but does not produce quite as much
forage to the acre nor quite as many
meas under the same conditions.
Among the other varieties are the
medium yellow and the medium
early blacE. but these are not as gem
orally grown as the ones mentioned
above
II Won exnect TO grow soy beans for
seed tho Fest success can be obtained
bv drilling in rows from twenty-eight
10 thirty inches apart This will re-
nuire about a half hushel of seed to
The acre: when drilled twenty-four
inches apart three-ouarters of a
hushel Of seed and. when drilled with
the ordinary grain drill. seven or eight
inches anart. 1t viii require about two
bushels Of seed to the acre. When
drilled rs close as seven or eight
inches the hay produced is Of a better
quality, not being so coarse as when
the rows pre- wider From the stand
point of 'ta production of forage
there Is not great deal OF difference
in the v'old nor acre. whether the
rows are drilled EIGHT inches apart or
| twenty-four
There may be seine trouble in cur
ing soy lean hay. hut if the weather
conditions are favorable, there need
he no loss while curing. Soy beans as
cran do very well in ordinary soils
but viii respond much better If the
seed bed is Thoroughly prenared. This
plant IS shallow feeder. and thus viii
do better in fields that haze been
thoroughly cultivated than it will
under ordinary conditions.
Speaking of alfalfa for pasture, will
say that alfalfa sowed this spring
should not be pastured before at least
a year from this summer, and pre-.
rerably year f ON next fall. so you
cannot hope for any pasture from
alfalfa this coming season. For pas
ture under the condition you give, thu
growing Of rape or some of the cereals
combined with rape, is probably about
as good a thing as you can figure
on at this time.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30

A sharp sickle and plenty Of first
class lubricating oil are good insur-
ance aeainst breakdown and trouble
with the moving machine. Better
use both.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
A Hve.horse evener.

~ e@ -.o
sz--A--s' -
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1912-10-30
Official Referendum Ballot

you desire question make W
the after the word yes underneath such question: you
desire against question: make ( other mark
square after lie word mo- underneath such question.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-01-30

With $50 farmers, from all over La
tab county, in attendance the two
days special Good Roads School of the
University of Idaho opened this morn
ing with special Introductory lecture
by Dr. G. N. Little, Of the department
of civil engineering at the university,
on History of Road Building, and Cost
of Bad Roads," The lecture was il
Illustrated with stereoptican views of
good and bad roads, and was most en-
Enthusiastically received
DR.. Little was followed by Professor
l.. l. Hewes, who was sent out from
Washington by, the department of ag-
riculture, especially for the school, and
who spoke upon "Sand, Clay and
Gravel Roads; Culverts and Cost of
Maintenance" This lecture exhibited
careful study, and was filled with in
teresting and valuable information.
This afternoon at 1: 80 p. m. Profess
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-01-30
WASHINGTON WILL BE
MOST BEAUTIFUL CITY

Itrict committee to employ experts fol-
the improvement of the park system OF
the District of Columbia, and it is
from that authorization that we may
date the beginning of the New Wash
ington.
A. chief element of ones wonder is
the costl;ness of the new erections
Probably the first thought of the aver
age American, visiting or revising
Washington, is that of Mrs. Carlyle's
domestic at the sight of the engrav-
ing of the Sistine Madonna: Lor' mum,
how expensive! The expenditure on
all these new expanses of hewn granite
or elaborated marble has been not only
ungrudging, but lavish. The three
new department buildings which form
the immediate occasion of these re-
marks are estimated to cost eight mil
lions, and the official explanation of
the project accurately sets forth that
it's costliness is not it's chief distinc-
ton, since that sum has been not in
frequently exceeded by single federal
or state buildings From the Febru-
airy Scribners.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-01-30

"The authorization of three depart
ment buildings, designed tt be seen to-
gether, and accordingly harmonized in
their architecture, is the longest single
step thus far taken in the evolution
Of Viris ian village into a city worthy
to be the capital and show-place of the
second ia population. and the first in
wealth, of modern nations. Conc ex-
cepts from the comparison, for diff
ferent but obvious reasons, the British
and the Chinese Empires)
''He who visits Washington now af-
ter ten years, who has not seen it,
say, since just after the war with
Spain, finds so great transformation
that he is fain to take his bearings
anew from the ancient landmarks and
is. relieved to find the capital and the
monument still predominant. Even
after five years one finds the new
monuments, architectural and sculp-
tural vying, in interest with the old.
But the decade is a more eligible period
than the lustrum, for the purpose of
comparison, because it is ten years
since the senate authorized it's dis