Morris tribune., 1912-10-04

The tail is often measured in Judging
the cow and should reach to or below
the hooks and carry a good switch.
This renders it most useful in brush
ing flies, which appears to be it's chief
purpose.
In Judging the quality and condition
of the muscular tissue Of the body one
should remember to take into consid-
GRAFTON the size, age, and stage Of
lactation of the animal. The bone
and muscular tissues in a large cow
are naturally heavier than in small
one and there is not the apparent re-
fnement and spareness of form in the
large breeds that is noted in the
smaller ones. Marked coarseness,
however, in any animal is usually
accompanied by sluggish DISPOSE
ton which in a dairy cow prevents
her from performing satisfactorily.
Young heifers with first calf usually
carry more flesh than COWS of mature
form. All properly fed cows usually
show higher condition of flesh de-
| velopment toward the close Of their
| lactatiOn and prior to freshening than
they do when four or five months adj
vanced in lactatiOn.
The Udder.-The udder is the milk
secreting organ and its proper devel'
| opment is, therefore, essential. In
many instances cows of large digestive
capacity and of dairy breeding have
| failed in production apparently on &C
count of poorly developed udders. The
udder consists of two large glands
each of which is more or less distinct
Iy divided to correspond with each o.
the four teats and form the quarters
The duct of each teat enters a small
cavity termed the milk cistern. Th'
milk cistern Of each quarter is NOR
or less surrounded by lobes of glant
tissue held in position and closely to
gether by connecting tissue. Thes
lobes may be 1ikened to thick bunche
Of grapes since each lobe has severa
4 lobules corresponding to the grapes
| The Iobules are made of small divisions
7 called a1Veoli which correspond to TIT
seeds Of grapes. These alveoIi arr
| constructed of small cells SURROUNDED
by fine network Of blood vessels ant
nerves and it is by these cells that The
milk is secreted. TEfFFF%'a'S'F #t%
The best cows have comparatively
large, iudders with equally developed
quarters extending we'll forwafd I'm
deEnaath the body and good distances
i up behind and between the thighs
Poor attachment, giving a swinging OF
pendant type Of udder and deficiency
! and regularity in the development Of
! the Querters are criticisms to- be Of
fered on many cows. The quality Of
| the udder when examined by handling
should reveal gland tissue of fine
plastic texture rather than fatty tissue
or texture that is coarse and hard
u The cIrcuIatory system.-ThiB' sys
: tenn determines the. activity Of the
cow with respect to all parts Of the
body. Only when Z in perfect health
and all parts Of the body are actively
performing their respective functions
can the dairy cow be EXPECTED I'd yielC
large flow of milk. When the COW
is sick. or by virtue Of her poor indi
vidua1fty is dull and morbid there Il
an inactivity of all the glands ,Of the
body resulting in, a dry, harsh condi
tionio the skin, a, staring coat; and q
low production Of milk. The eircula
tory system includes the heart. lungs
arteries and veins since these organs
: respect fVely Force purifS and carry
; blood to and from tall partsHof the
body. When food becomes digestet
and asslmilated the blood must carry
IL To the parts Of the body demanding
u ~ and giH tho dairy COW. the glands O
{ the udder demand ~ large share Of the
I lHourlshment De the blood for the secre
i l}tion 6f milk The size and charactel
II Of the milk veina, more properly
y termed, "manmary veins" and tn,
8 milk wells On the utderside of Thu
= body are thes best Indications Of how
), much blood passes through the udder
These veins do not. cary milk as- some
| people believe, but carry large por
ton Of the blood away from the udder
| The blood passes into the uddel
I through arteries located deep ON thu
} inner side Of the thighs. If one wert
. standing below a mill propelled by !
{ water wheel and noted the race fllleC
!, with water from the milf he hwoulC
/ have reason to believe that the mil
J was in operation and performing it
} work. Likewise when one observes
: large, branching mammary veins en-
{ tering the body through wells Of SUN
? cient size to avoid vein becoming
gorged he has reason to believe tina
the udder is performing its work wal