davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19

New York, Dec l9-Wiu Carle- ton Is dead. Carleton the poet, ballad maker, author, lecturer, edi- tor, aud everything that vas good in literature. passed awsy at his hone. ,II Gtecn avenue. Brooklyn, last ni-ai 'nu o-r rI e, having been born m ludsau, Ni,higan. Oct 21, 1895.
 For the past few years Mir Carle- ton has been editing the monthly magazine, Everywhere. but it was through his miscellaneous writings
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
TRIUMPH rL RETURNS TO
 OLD STAUNTON TOWN

Stauu.on. Dec Woodrow Will son is coming to his old home on The 2sth of the month for a family reunion. where he will celebrate hts Hny-siyth birthday in his native city.
 tThomasI Woodrow Wilson was born in staunton. Virginia, Deem ber 2S. 1856 and is son ot Joseph R. and Jessie Wilson. The village of staunton will dress up in holiday attire when the distinguish cd presideut-eIect comes back in triumph.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
DIGNITY DOESN'T STOP
 PRESIDENT FROM WORKING

Washington, Dec. 19-President Taft has pccepted the law professor ship in Yale college and w.ll begin his duties in th spring
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19

Send the Alaskan to your friends.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
WILL CARLETON GOES
 ID POETS REWARD

that the world best knew him His Farm Ballads, Rhymes of Our Planet. Songs Of Two Countr.e1. Poems for Young Americans. In old School Days, Drlfted Tn and A Thousand Thoughts are on tse shelves of every complete library. He was famous as a lecturer and reader. touring the country In pre-
 e1unE selections from bis own works.
 His death was caused by pueumou Ia
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
RUSHING WORK THROUGH
 FOR HOLIDAY RECESS

Washington. Dec. l9-The holi- day r cess of congress will go into effect today if the business immed- lately in need of attention can be closed. The senate will confirm the presidents army and navy appoint ments before the recess is taken.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
WOODY AND MAC ARE
 FRAMING UP SOMETHING

Princeton, Dec. 19-Woodrow Wilson and Wm. F. McCombs, chair man of the National Democratic committee, are in consultation to- day. and lJ is surmised that they are doing some cabinet making. As near as eau be guessed, Mir. Me Combs will have a seat in the new presidents family of advisers.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
PIERPONT TELLING ABOUT
 MONEY AND STOCK JOBBING

Washington, Dec. 19-J, Pier pont Morgan began his testimony this morning. He is one of the many bankers accused of forming a money trust, and controlling stocks.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19
BORN ON CHRISTMAS DAY
Some Famous People Who First Saw the Light on or About
 Dee 25.


 There Is some uncertainty about the year and date of the birth of Clara Barton, founder of the Red Cross and famous phiIauthropist, who died this year. more than ninety years old. but it Is generally believed that she was born on Christmas day iu 1920 or 1891.
 Lord John Morley, the cele. brated British author and states man. GIadstone's lieutenant and secretary of state for India In the AsQuith cabinet was born on Christmas eve, Dec 24, 1888 Seven years later to the day King George l. of Greece first saw the light.
 Lord Marcus Beresford, broth CT of the famous British ad- mlraI. was Christmas day baby. as were also Lady Grey Egerton and the Countess of Rothes. one Of the survivors Of the wreck Of the Titanic.
 Among those who were born on Dec. 2G. just too late for Christmas dinner" were Ad mlral George Dewey, the Earl of Leicester, Sir James Linton. the painter: the Duchess ot Leeds, Sir James Rankin. mem ber Of the British parliament, and James D Stephens. rcpre. sentative from California in the American congress
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19

It is expected that Curtlss Webb of the Canadian-Kloudyke company will be among the number arriving from the north this evening.
The daily Alaskan., 1912-12-19

Father Rivet of Whitehorse will arrive this evening on his way to Montreal
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
PRICES SETTLED
At GARY DINNERS
Testimony Shows that an Effect of
the Dinners Was an Understanding
Among Dealers.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
New York, May 16-Prae ically
the whole day in the suit of the gov
ernment against the United States
Steel corporation to dissolve it under
the Sherman antitrust law, was de-
voted to the consideration of the
famous Gary dinners.
The testimony showed the effect Of
the dinners was to arrive at an un-
derstanding to maintain prices.
One feature Of the days testimony
was to bring out the fact that the
government recently investigated
known as the Bridge Builders Society
known as the Bridge Buileds Society.
at the societys invitation and was
given a clean bill Of health.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
NEW YORK BANKS
FINANCE BRAZIL
IN SCHEME TO KEEP UP PRICES
OF PRODUCTS
Herman Sielcklan, New York Coffee
Dealer Testified Before Money
Trust Committee Concerning Plan
to Help Brazilian Coffee Producers

Associated Press.
Washington, ID. G.. May 16-That
three New York banking institu-
tions, the National City Bank. j.
Pierpont Morgan and Co., and the
First National bank, lent financial
assistance to the government Of
Brazil to limit the output for the
benefit of Brazilian planters and
American and European dealers was
testified to today before the house
committee investigating the So
called Money Trust, by Herman
Sielcken of the New York firm of
Crossman and Sielcken, dealers in
green coffee.
Sielcken's testimony was given at
this time because he desirede to 20
to Europe. No additional witnesses
will be called for the present.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
SEEKS INFORMATION
Asks Farmers to Report Acreage of
Various Crops, for Purpose OF
Answering inquiries from Abroad.

In order that he may be better
able to answer inquiries about she
crop acreage in the Brownsville dis
NriCt Secretary Whitney Of the
Chamber of Commerce is sending out
letters to the farmers of this section,
asking them for information rela-
tive to the acreage in cultivation on
their respective farms in various
crops Blanks are being furnished
for this purpose on which the fol-
lowing varieties of farm products
are enumerated, spaces being left to
insert the acreage devoted to each:
Alfalfa, asparagus. beets (sugar) i,
bects (stock), beans, cabbage, canta-
loupe, carrots, cucumbers, corn
(brooml, cotton, cotton (long
staple), lettuce, millet, milo maize,
onions, peas (cow). radish. sugar
cane, sorghum, spinach, squash, tur-
nips (plain), turnips (rutabaga)
tomatoes, watermelon.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
MINISTERS NEED
ECONOMIC TRAINING
STUDY OF SOCIOLOGY FOR BAP-
TIST COLLEGE
Trustees Of Southern Baptist Theo-
losicaf Seminary Wish to Estab-
lish Chair Of SOciology-Rejects
Plan for Board Of Journalism.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
Oklahom City. Okla. May 16-The
establishment Of chair Of sociology
in the Southern Baptist theological
seminary at Louisville, Ky, was
urged in a report of the board OF
trustees Of that institution to the
convention Of Southern Baptists.
Minister should have a better un-
derstanding of economic and socio-
logical problems said P-esidtn Null
lins Of the seminary in presenting
the report. The report Of a commit
tee urging the appointment Of
board of journalism was voted down,
because the establishment OF an Of
fetal organ would prove disastrous
to the 10 Baptist publications now
in existence.
The report OF the laymen's mis-
sionary movement showed expendi-
lures of $1.63S.5S during the year.
The convention approved the propos-
al that laymen's convention be
held.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
R|CHESON MUST GO
TO ELECTRIC CHAIR
CASE WILL NOT COME BEFORE
COUNCIL
Insanity Experts Say He Was Sane
When He Committed the Murder
and is Sane Now, Though Subject
to Hysteria.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
Boston. Mass. May 16-Clarence
w. T. Richeson's hope of escaping
the electric chair next week for the
murder Of Avis Linnell expired to-
night when Governor Foss announced
that he would not refer Richeson's
petition for Communication Of sentences
to the executive council.
The statement from the governor
came after the reports OF the special
insanity commission which declared
Richeson sane, although he Is sub
ject to fits OF hysterical insanity.
The commission found Richeson
sane at the time Of the murder and
sane now
The report showed that Richeson's
family was afflicted very generally
with insanity. and that the con
demned man was neurotlc. SOM
nambulist and neurasthenic.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
.PATTEN CAUSES
DROP IN PRICES
CEREALS FALL FIVE CENTS A
BUSHEL.
Packing House Products Go Down
Almost a Dollar a Barrel-Firm
Sold Five Million Bushels of
Wheat in Few Hours.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
Chicago, H., May 16-James A.
Patten tonight received credit from
the reporters for making Chicago
Board of Trade prices take one of the
most remarkable somersaults on
record.
Cereals fell nearly five cents a
bushel and packing house products S
almost dollar a barrel.
That Patten designed such an up
set of quotations no persons assert.
1t is stated, however, that a gigan-
tic selling movement which got
beyond all control today had it's
start in his judgment and action re-
garding the wheat market.
The firm with whom Patten is
connected is estimated to have sold
upward of five million bushels of
wheat within for;y-eight hours.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
THOMAS S. CLYCE
CHOSEN MODERATOR
President Of Austin College, Sher-
man, Texas, Elected Moderator Of
Southern Presbyterian Assembly.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
Bristol, Tenn, May 6-The cleo
tion of DR.. Thomas S. Clyce, presi-
dent of Austin college, at Sherman,
Texas. moderator of the general as
sembly of the Southern Presbyterian
church in the United tSates, and the
reports OF four executive commit
tees, constituted the chief business
during the first days session Of the
fifty-second general assembly which
convened today with the delivery of
the opening sermon by the retiring
moderator, DR.. Russell Cecil Of
Richmond, Va.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
HIGHEST HONOR FOR
SEATTLE PASTOR
CHOSEN MODERATOR OF PRES
BYTERIAN ASSEMBLY
DR.. Matthews Church in Seattle Said
to be the Largest in the World
Outgoing Moderator, Rev. John
Carson of Brooklyn.
Associated Press.

Louisville, Ky, May 16-The
moderatorship. the highest honor in
he gift of the 124th general assem-
by of the Presbyterian church in the
United States, in session here, went
on first ballot to Dr. Mark Allison
Matthews, a Southerner, and pastor
Of the First Pre- byterian church at
Seattle. Washington.
DR.. Matthews received 41S votes: :
f03 being necessary to elect.
DR.. Matthews was born in Cal
houn, Ga, in 1867.
He has held pastorates in Dalton,
Georgia, and Jackson, Tennessee, re-
moving 10 Washington state in 1892.
His Seattle congregation is said to
be the largest in the world
The moderator overshadowed in
interest only the sermon of the re-
tiring moderator, Rev John F. Car
son of Brooklyn.
The consideration of the set re-
por.s of various bodies and commit
tees will come later in the session,
although that of the committee on
temperance was made public today.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17

smuggling, a plea of guilty was en-
tered and the defendant sentenced to
80 days in the county Jail
Jesus Hernandez. charged with
smuggling. continued by agreement
On the civil docket the suit for
damages by Albert Samons versus
the Western Union Telegraph com
pany was continued by agreement.
The federal officials who have
been attending court the past week
are:
Judge Waller T. Burns OF Hous-
ton; c. Dart, clerk. of Galveston
Col. G. G. Brewster. marshal, La
redo; Judge Noah Allen. assistant
district attorney. Brownsville: H. A.
Mckay. stenographer, Houston; G.
Z. Houghton. L. S. deputy marshal
Galveston; W. b. Linton. u. 8
deputy marshal. Brownsville; and J
r. Reyes. interpreter, Brownsville
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
SENATORS HOPE
TO SHORTEN TERM
Hold Caucus to Adopt Definite Pro
gramme With View to Curtail-
ing Length of Session.

Associated Press.
Washington, d. c., May 16-To
expedite the business of congress the
democratic senator's will caucus Fri
business as well as the provisions Of
some of the tariff bills.
The opinion is expressed by many
today that the definite program will
have the effect at least Of curtailing
the regular session after the national
pal, ~ conventions in June.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
HOMER STUNT
ELECTED BISHOP

Minneapolis, Mimi, May 10
Homer Stuntz, of New York, assis-
ant secretary Of the mission board
of\the Methodist Episcopal church.
was elected bishop on the first ballot
at the general conference organiza-
tiOn today.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
FEDERALS ADVANCE
WIRES CUT

4 At Huerta's Headquarters 4
: Near Yemo, Mex. May 16-The X
y Federal forces advanced ten =
!; miles today toward the rebel y
!. base at Rellano. x
!: y
4 Jaurez. Mex, May 16-No II
: reports from the rebel front to- *
!, night. II Is reported that the y
\ wires are cut south Of the city =
< of Chihuahua. *
Z y
\ \ y y Il 4 \ = \; =, X = T. 4. " -
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Iowa For Clark.
Associated Press.

Associated Press.
Burlington. Iowa. May 16-Iowa :
twenty-SiX votes in the democratic
Bal imore convention will be cast for
Champ Clark of Missouri. despite the
fact that eight of the district dele
gates are Wilson men.
The Iowa democratic convention
today adopted resolution instruct
ing all the national convention dele
gates from the state to vote for
Speaker Clark under the uait rule.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
TAFT ASSERTS
NOMINATION SAFE

4 Cleveland. o.. May 16-Pres- I.
:, ident Taft tonight received a !.
II telegram from his secretary. =
i Charles B. Hills, and Director !,
: Mckinley. the Taft campaign :,
y manager, claiming 5I3 dele !,
\; gates to the Chicago convention =
=; for Taft. Five hundred and !,
\ forty is the majority Of the con- y;
i vention. +
(" -
I !, x x x !; = \. x x x !; !; !, x K
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Instructed for Clark.

Associated Press.
Baltimore, Md, May 16-The
democratic state convention today
elected eight delegates at large and
twenty-four district delegates, each
with a half vote, to the national
instructed for Clark.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Instruct for Roosevelt.

Associated Press.
Minneapolis, Mimi, May 16-The
Minnesota republican convention to-
day instructed the states "a dele
gates to the national convention at
Chicago for Theodore Roosevelt.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
NEW VICE CONSUL
E. J. Puig Now Holds that Office
in Matamoros.

Emilio j. Puig, OF Matamoros, has
been appointed as American wee
consul at that port Mr.. Puig took
the oath Of Office and filed the nee
essary bond on the ninth of this
month.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Cattle Market.
Press.

Kansas City, Mo-, May 1eT-Cat-
tie, steady; export steers. $t15 to
So Hogs. 10 to Is cents higher:
heavies. $40 to s795. Sheep. 10
to ; cents higher.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Cotton Market.

Associated Press.
New Orleans, La, May 16-Cot
decline of TO points. Spots.
steady, lie off.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Brownsville, May 16.
Forecast.

Associated Press.
Washington, d. c., May 16-East
and West Texas. fair Friday and
Saturday.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
American League.

No games in American League on
account Of rain and wet grounds.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17

Associated Press.
National League.
At Boston s, BOs-
ton D.
AT Brooklyn-St. Louis ). Brook
lyn 4.
AT New York-New York A, Pitts
burg H.
Philadelphia-Chica
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Southern League.

At Nashville 8, Mont
gomery 1.
AT Memphis Mobile ), Memphis
q
At Chatanooga-Ne Orleans 2,
Chattanooga A.
At Atlanta-Atlanta and ,,
Birmingham 4 and 4.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
Weather.

Meteorological data for the last "a
hnlIrr
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17
THE NATIONAL GAME.

~ fK+ X K4sf** X n
AS played throughout the country
by the various leagues.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1912-05-17

< x Z !, !, X : x :, x < x K x x
\,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30

,,lnd YOU SEQ in most nil stores
<ed regularly 81 50--Madc OF fne
,rted madras III corded and printed
veTy newest pattrns-i!ain
lcated-A)l are coat style-Sizes IL 20
saturday Special Si.S6.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30
Santa Claus Will Arrive
Front Of the Postoffice at z p. NILE will Have M
the AUERBACH TOYLAND- FOUR,
ce to His Salt Lake Headquarters /
tof6ce. Don't forget the time-2 o'clock.

u Of his little friends are invited to accompany hi
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30
Zoe Women's Hose

Saxony Wool Knitted in fast A~
black, unsurpassed torB A
warmth and comfort: unusu- H&
al SOC yulueS; Saturday at 66 ~ "
&c pair; all. children's sizes,
PAIR
Main Floor
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30

Fit the neck snugly. - "
warm. stylish and COM ~N
Portable; in black. whito Gg A&N1
and every desirable col
or regular o0c grade: special Satur-
dsy al 25c each: all sizes, Main Floor
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30
$1.5O Mems Shirts at

Plain or pleateJ
STYLES with at &6 "A Il
tachsd cufts--nifty "a
new patterns-Sat W U ~
urday Sl.l3 All
sizes.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30
s3.25 ChiIdren's Dresse

sizes 2 TO 6. of rcd and navy scrges 4
plpcd in contrasting co.ors umu
,,n F.,'' newest models; regular $50 val
ues,. Saturday at $2.ls. c,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-11-30
Al Matchless Reductions

Entire Stocks up to sec and reprice for clearance be
an only fractional OF their Real Moth SIX LL
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1912-01-09
APPROVES OF ACTION
ROOSEVELT SANCTIONS RUSS
TREATY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
HYPOCRISY BY U. S.
GIVES A HAGUE COURT HINT
Former President in Editorial Says
Ratification of Arbitration Pacts
Would Expose Nation to Ridicule
of Other Nations.

New York-In an editorial Ii the
current issue of the Outlook, with the
caption of The Russian Treaty, Arbi-
tration and Hypocrisy" Theodore
Roosevelt has this to say:
II cordially approve the action ia
ken by congress in abrogating the
Russian treaty, because men must vote
and act on the situation as it actually
confronts them; and in the actual
event congressman had only two al
ternatives, namely, to abrogate the
treaty or to submit to the continuance
OF conditions which have become in
tolerable to our national self-respect
and which represent continuing
wrong, especially to American citl-
Zens of Jewish faith.
Il still believe that in so serious a
matter it would have been Well first
to endeavor to secure decision by
The Hague court on the Interpretation
of the existing treaty. | am confident
that such a decision would, of neces-
sity, have been in our favor; and, II
So it would have enabled Russia to
retire from an untenable position with
good grace and no loss of self re-
spect-an object that should always
be held in view in dealing with any
foreign nation with which at any time
we have difficulties.
But this action was taken While
the universal arbitration treaties are
pending in the senate. These trea
ties are avowedly championed as be-
ing Of the kind we are to enter into
with all nations, and as supplanting
the existing arbitration treaties which
We have with almost all nations. in
Guiding Russia as well as England and
France. These treaties, If ratified by
the senate unamended, will explicitly
promise, will explicitly pledge the
nation to arbitrate precisely such
questions as that which at this very
moment we announce that we will not
endeavor to arbitrate in the case OF
Russia. Under these circumstances
to ratify the general arbitration trea-
ties would put the American people
in an attitude of peculiarly contempt
bic hypocrisy and would rightly ex-
pose us to the derision of all thinking
mankind, for We should put ourselves
in the position OF making sweeping
and insincere promises impossible or
performance at the very time when by
our own actions we showed that we
would certainly not keep such prom
ises, nor translate them into action.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1912-01-09
Srioand Also a Patriot.

Gravely, solemnly, with enthusiasm
Ind a large mixture of national pride,
he Turkish newspapers publish the
,ollowing remarkable piece of news
says the London Globe) A brigand
chief. one Salin, who has been carry
ng on operations for some time in
he mountains of Gambiek. in Bithy-
MA, not a great distance from Cor
Stantinople. and for whom the Turkish
gendarmerie have for long sought in
vain, alive or dead, has placed his
.alents and services at the disposition
If the Turkish authorities. The brig
ands letter is a curious document.
He says 1t is against the wishes of his
heart to give mp his calling. but the
audacity of these Italian brigands'-
an expression which frequently occurs
IN the letter-in waging war upon the
Ottoman empire and brutally Selling
an Islamic province, impel him to offer
ais services. with those of his band,
consisting of a hundred men, TO
avenge the national honor and to
,hastise these infidel brigands.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1912-01-09
STAY 1000 PERSIANS.
TURcoMANS MASSACRE VILLAo.
ERS IN RUSSIAN SHIPS LIGHT.
Report That Great Britain Has Sent
Note of Protest to Cars
Government.

ngton-Barbarou Turcoman
troops attached to the Russian
army drove more than 1000 Per-
slams from their homes In fifty vii
lagos and slaughtered them as the
searcblights of Russian warshtps I'M
covered their hiding places in the
Bandarijaz swamps along the Caspian
sea.
First word of this hitherto sup
pressed and unparalleled atrocity
reached Washington from the central
Persian committee at Constantinople
The report is current in diplomatic
circles in Washington that, shocked
by the barbaric cruelties of her ally,
Great Britain has sent note of pro-
test and disapproval to st. Petersburg.
1t was explained that, although this
butchery was the first to mark the
CORY trail of Russia into Persia. so
complete was the censorship OF the
car that until now no word OF il has
reached enlightened Europe or Amer
lea.
Bandarijaz is small seaport town
in the province of Mazinderan, in the
northwest corner of Persia. To the
east and southeast were between 80
and 60 small villages, now villages no
more
On tn northern side of the interna-
tional border 1000 Turcomans, even
more barbarous and undisciplined
than Cossacks, had been concentrated
by the Russian authorities.
Without provocation or warning.
the helpless villagers.