Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-05-12

some circles that the arrival Of M 0sers.
the Russian ambassador At Constantine
pie, will be the signal Of Q renewed at
tempt at mediation to end at once IL nee
essary. the ItAlo- Turkish situation. which
has become intolerable for the powers
and Russia first Of an.
II il certain that Russia more than any
other power has encouraged Italy In her
manner OF conducting the war so far.
The bombardment OF Preveza was only
Grafton was undertaken by Italy on the
Adrtatic coast. Germany. England and
France were doubtless joined I'm an UNI
Outstanding by which Italy would abstain
from general attack on Turkey. italy
has faithfully followed this friendly in
junction and Will hold her hand, a fact
OF which Turkey with be plainly advised
in the renewed efforts Of the powers
which viii De urged from this time on
The conflicts between Russia and Tur-
key In the matter Of territory date back
for half a Century. The country south 10
Lake Crumiah belongs to the zone OF
Osmanli influence. When the porte at
tempted TO establish her influence over
the rich and fertile lands of Azerbeidjan
Russia protested.
Two years after the treaty Of Paris, April
3. 1883, France. Austria. Great Britain.
Russia. Prussia. Sardinia
Conference and Turkey met in confer
.e 1oEo ence for the fixing of the
Ao~o' Russo Turkish frontiers.
England supported the Turkish preten-
sion. but Russia succeeded in obtaining
that the differences between Persia and
Turkey relative to the possession of Uru-
miah territory should be submitted to an
Anglo Russian. committee. That COM
mission labored during years without
arriving al a solution Of the conflict. The
British delegates continued to maintain
the Turkish pretensions. while Russia
supported the claims of Persia.
After the Russo-Turkish war in 1873
England and Russia succeeded In elab-
Grating an agreement by which the from
tier was declared neutral TERRITORY pro-
vfsionally and until definite delimitation"
subsequently Russia assembled troops on
the frontier and Turkey did likewise
The Russians claim that the occupation
BY Turkey OF the khoi- Crumiah h Mavana-
Van road constitutes q route OF STRAIT
egic Importance enabling Turkey to trans
port troops rapidly and easily from Mo-
zul. Darbekir and even from Bagdad TO
the Caucasian frontier. Moreover. Turkey
may turn the left flank OF Russian army
by the line Erivan-kars.
Persia, the Turks say, has nothing TO
fear from Turkey, but. on the contrary,
Il has. everything to fear from the Rus
SLAMS. While Russian and Turkish troops
are confronting each other. II Is an
noLnced that Gen. Soukhomlinow. Rus
sian minister OF war, Is actually inspect
ing In the Caucasus an army Of 1000
men. From this distance II is not easy to
lament The only statesman who ap-
pears to comprehend the danger that
menaces Turkey Is Kiamil Pacha, the
ex-grand vizier. who has recently adj
dressed to the sultan a memoir. from
which the following may be extracted:
Kiamil Pacha declares that the din
culties and perils Of government are due
to the influence exercised
Committee by the committee OF
NIL, union and progress.
oiAmeu. whose ignorance of the
poses the Ottoman empire to partition.
The great powers have found that tho
only way to preserve their rights. inter-
ests and International equilibrium Is in
contracting alliances. Turkey. in not fol-
lowing this example. finds hersef iso-
lated and an object OF cupidity and ag-
gression.
Kiamil declares frankly that the only
have confidence are France and England.
kiamil had ATTEMPTED In vain to bring the
ex-sultan to this view.
The revolution and the proclama ton of
the constitution saved Roumelia. but did
not prevent Bulgaria from proclaiming
her Independence and Austria-Hungary
from annexing Bosnia Herzegovina The
committee of union and progress was re-
sponsible for that situation. 1t seized
the reins Of government and thus pro-
yOked the retirement of kiamil.
Capitalists who thus saw the govern
ment pass into the hands of the revo-
lutionaries withdrew at once. Kamii
passed over the supervision Of public
works and the bloodshed during the in
surrection that followed. Under the state
of siege absolutism was re-established.
capable functionaries were dismissed ana
replaced by the partisans of the com
mittee whose Incompetence provoked the
in Albania and the Yemen.
caused blood to flow uselessly and the
waste of millions, attracting to the COM
mfttee the hatred and contempt OF the
public.
The provocative attitude assumed by the
committee provoked retaliatory measures
and caused the invasion OF Tripon and
Benghazi and the declaration Of war.
declares is directed against the commit
tee of union and progress and not against
Turkey.
The neutrality of England, France ana
Russia against the aggression Of Italy 10
significant. IL that lesson
Neutrality is not sufficient then rur-
key must expect others.
q foWeiS. The end of 1t all. God
forbid It, would be partition. Today
Crete and Roumelia are exposed to that
eventuality.
If the members Of the committee were
aware of the real situation, they would
abstain from further influence In the
affairs of government and occupy them
selves only with useful Worka. IL they