Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-01-23
Arizona the 18th State

Phoenix. Arlz. Jan. e3.-Arlsonl,
whose entry this month rs the forty
eighth member OF 40, uriun viii COM
picte the nation oi ttiHs nom ocean
20 ocean. has had history probably
az turbulent and trying as any state
in tho union. Tho strugsics OF the
PHgrims OF Massachusetts. tie nol-
landers who coionizcd New York, the
Quakers who settled pennsylvania ami
the English who brought civilization
60 the Virginia shores we've no hatuer
than those Of the pionqers OF Arizona.
They were killed by Indians. robbed
by lawless people of their own ma
tionality, starved upon the deserts.
frozen Ia the snowcap"1 mountains
ana bitten by poisonous reptiles.
They had no government for msny
years and fought as hard 20 get terri.
toriul rights no they have been nbht-
INK for the past ten years . O.. state
hood rights. They were ON the point
of rc0elling az ono time ana even went
SO far az 20 establish territorial
form Of government OF their own de-
spite the expressed desire OF congress,
exemplifed IN It's refjvgl % grant a
territorial government that they
shoulG remain a part of New heXlso.
Their nearest peace ana judicial
officials were then four nundrei miles
away. az Mesllln, y NJ and their law
was the law of the strOnses: against
tho weakest. Al one tluIs ai Of the
present state OF Arizona was the
county of Arizona attached 90 New
Mexico for purposes Of administration
only
whence Came its Name.
General Nelson 4. MilHs. General
Lawton, General CROOK and many
other noted men OF the Caitel states
army gained their first fame IN cam
paigning In Arizona. q was from Ar
IONA that the only raid of United
States troops was ever made into a
foreign country not then at war with
us; the soldiers We're after Indians
who had been killing and tohbinr IN
Arizona. The history az Arizona Is
thrilling from its lncept on 20 the pres
ent day,
The origin Of the name Ariznla Is
not definitely known. Bancroft, the
/ historian, and some Others have in
sisted that the name Is from a sup
posed Pima Indian word. "ATizonnc,"
/ although Bancroft admits that the
4 aboriginal meaning OF the term Is
not known" The historian treats as
extremely absurd" the suggestion
that the name is OF Spanish dcriva-
ton. and he apparently bases that
conclusion upon the feet that there il
no similar word in spanish.
But II is possible that Arizona"
may have had SIS derivation from the
/ Spanish words arda IONA (arid zone)
The well known tendency OF unedu-
Gated speakers OF spanish leave OF
| the last syliables OF words endlng In
yowels and their tendency 10 run
words together would easily trans
! form arida zOna into Arizona"
The First TRUE Exploration.
/ IL was about 1927 that Cabezu de
Vaca turned his wandering footsteps
/ to the Hopi and Zuni villages in the
lhortheast. gaining Mexico al last by
wa, ui she frlenily Pima settlements
along the ella
II was in 1540 that Vasco dc Coro-
nndo. governor OF Mexico. lured by
the golden tales OF a monkish traveller
started uorthWard on the first tru,
exploration of that mysterious land
he sought the tabled Seven cities ol
Cibola, where gold and precious gsm,
paved the streets. Though he ala not
find the object Of his search his eX.
petition led 20 spanish settlement
and agriculture and mining had som,
( development
Back again into bagbarism wal
u al Asr "A IA. ffl
Tor independence. and not until IN,
Gadsden Purchase, In lsiS, did the
firm hand Of governmental authority
again take hold. Even then, however
All that was known of Arizona was d
narrow strip within Whica the south
ern Pacific railroad now runs ano
along which flowed the tide OF trave
from the eastern states 10 the gold
fields OF California.
TreachcrOus Indians of Long Ago,
When the white man first came q
Arizona there were approximately 40,-
600 Indians within the borders OF tn,
territory. The principal tribes were
the Navaios. Hopis. Wgllapais, Ciem-
ehuevis. Hayasupias Nohavcs, Fmas
aaricopaS. Yumas, Papag0es and
Apaches of which there were several
groups or divisions. The Nayaioi
porpetratod several massacres IN the
early days. but II was not long before
all the Indians except the Apaches
had been subdued
Tricky and cruel, tho Apaches held
out for many gears against the inroads
OF the whites upon their ancient hunt
ing grounds such leaders as Cochisc
Geronimo and Natchez led the
Apaches against famous American
generals lik. Nelson A. Miles and
George CroDa a reward of $4,000
was once offered for Apache Kid, bat
was never claimed.
up 90 lS}1 the Indians tcrrorizeo
large sections OF The territory and
kept out imm grafton and capital 10
that year 900 he Apachos that could
be- rounded up were placed on the
san Carlos roseryation, II was sup
posed thut 400 end had been put %
the Indian u0ubles. but raids In 1882
and isSS slook the feeling Of socur-
.ity.
In tho year 1858 there were $4,000
Indians u lie territory occupying
lands reserved for them by the gem
oral government. The government
was supporting about i've thousand
80 thafn