The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1912-01-19

the coming In Of the report. such offices
e. may Be found useless and can be abol-
ished viii be 30 treated by executive or
der.
classification Of Local ofFicers.
IN my recent message to the congress
! urged consideration OF the necessity of
placing in the classified service all of the
local officers under the departments of
the treasury, the interior. postoffce and
commerce and labor.
The next step which must be taken is
to require of heads of bureaus in the de-
partments at Washington, and of most of
the local officers under the departments,
qualifications of capacity similar to those
now required of certain heads OF bureaus
and of local officers. The extension of
the merit system to these officers and a
needed Teadjustment of salaries will have
important effects in securing greater
economy and efficiency.
In the first place. the possession by the
incumbents of these positions of requisite
qualifications must in itself prmote eff
cheney.
In the second place, the removal of To-
cal officers from the realm of political
patronage In many cases would reduce
the pay roll OF the field services. At the
present time the incumbents of many of
those positions leave 3be actual perform
ance or many Of their duriSs to deputies
and assistants. Tbs government often
pays two persons for doing work that
could easily be done by one. What is the
loss to the government cannot be stated,
but that it is very large cannot be denied
when 1t is remembered how numerous
are the local officers in the postal, GUS
toms. internal revenue, public lands, and
other field services Of the government.
IN the third place, so long as local Of
f1cers are within Che sphere of political
patronage 1t Is difficult to consider the
question Of the establishment or discon-
tinuance of local offices apart from the
effect upon local political situations.
Finally, the view that these various
offices are to be filled as a result Of
political considerations has for Its con-
sequence the necessity that the president
and members Of congress devote to mat
ters of patronage time which they should
devote to questions of policy and admin
istration.
SuperannuatIon.
Attention has been directed in recent
years to the need of a suitable plan of
AOSAAAHB lAC cupSA ohAAu~IOA ClhPLOJ III
the executive civil service. In the be-
lief that 1t Is desirable that any steps to-
ward the establishment of such a plan
shall be taken with caution, I instructed
the commission to make an inquiry first
into the conditions at Washington. This
inquiry has been directed to the ascer-
tainment Of the extent to which super
annuation now exists and to the con-
Sideration of the availability of the vari-
GUS plans which either have been pro-
posed for adoption in this counlfy or have
actually been adopted in other countries.
shall submit, in the near future, for
the consideration of the congress a plan
for the retirement Of aged employees in
the civil service which will safeguard the
interests Of the government and at the
same time make reasonable provision for
the needs of those who have given the
best part Of their lives to the service of
the state.
Business Methods.
In every case where technical pro-
cesses have been studied 1t has been dem
onstrated beyond question that large eco
Monies may be effected. The subjects
first approached We're those which lie
close to each administrator viz, office
practices. An illustration of the posi-
bilities within this field may be found in
the results Of the inquiry into the meth
DDS of handling and filing correspondence.
Every office in the government has re-
ported its methods to the commission.
These reports brought to light the fact
that present methods were quite in he
reverse Of uniform. Some offices follow
the practice Of briefing all correspon-
dence; some do not. Some have fiat
files; others fold all papers before filing.
Some use press copies; others retain only
carbon copies.
Need for LabOr-Savin0 Office Devices.
The use of labor-saving office devices in
the service has been made the subject of
special inquiry. An impression prevails
that the government is not making use
OF mechanical devices for economizing
labor to the same extent as are efficiently
managed private enterprises. A study
has been made Of the extent to which
devices Of this character are now being
employed In the several branches of the
government and the opportunities that
exist for their more general use.
The efforts Of the commission resulted
also In the ad ,ption by several bureaus or
departments Of improved methods Of do
heretofore done by hand each year in the
many offices Is estimated to aggregate
several hundred thousand dollars. The
commission exhibited, at its offices, APP
planes that were thought to be especial
ly adapted to this kind OF government
work. Following these demonstrations
methods of copying were introduced
which have brought about saving of
over Is per cent. in offices where used
for six months This change in one small
cross-sectlon Of office practice will more
than Offset the whole cost Of my inquiry.
Waste In the Distribution Of Public
Documents.
Going outside the office, one of the
business processes which have been in
vestigated Is the distribution Of depart
ment documents. This Is q subject with
which both the congress and admins
tration heads are familiar. The prevail
ing practice in handling departmental
publications is to have them manufac-
tured at the government Printing office;
each job when completed is delivered to
the department.; here the books or PAM
phlets are wrapped and addressed; then
are then sent to the postoffce; there they
are assorted and prepared for shipment
through the malls; from the postofflce
they are sent to the railroad station,
which is only few steps from the gov
erDment printing office. when they
started The results Of this laborious and
circuitous method is to make the use of
the best mechanical equipment impractic-
able and to waste each year not less than
a quarter of million dollars Of govern
ment funds in useless handling, to say
nothing Of the indirect loss due to lack
of proper coordination. AL
WastefuI Zee Of Properties and Equip
ment.
The use of equipment is a matter which