davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

similar questions are answered by the
accompanying tables, which are ar
ranged in a manner to facilitate COM
PARSONS of the records of different
years and counties. 1t will be seen
that what is needed is not new law
or more law. but the enforcement of
existing laws.
Defects in the administration of the
liquor laws may be summarized as
follows: "a non-use of the statutes
against leasing property for saloons,
nuisances maintained by lid clubs, =
travelling agents taking orders for Ii
qucrs and the unlawful transporta-
ton of liquors; t2) failure to sue and
collect bonds defaulted by liquor deal
ers: go officers making infrequdnt
searches, or prosecuting on one charge
when the evidence is sufficient for
several: (4) the municipal authorities
of many cities and villages ignoring
the law, which requires them to exact
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

"a bond from every inn-keeper, victua-
Ter and owner of pool-room not to
sell 1ntoxicants on the premises; 60
mayors and aldermen excusing police
men from their duty of enforcing the
liquor law; 90 county attorneys call
ing few witnesses before grand juries.
feebly prosecuting, rarely requesting
Jail sentences and continuing, filing
and mol pressing good cases; "a judges
accepting sham promises to "go out
of business" or bonds (rarely sued
when defaulted) to keep out of bust
ness for two years" (S judges of the
higher courts not sustaining lawful
sentences of the lower courts: co.
treating liquor sellers in the higher
courts so leniently that those courts
are congested with cases of defendants
not seeking to establish their inno-
eence, but to obtain more favorable
sentences than those imposed by the
lower courts.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

stance fine and imprisonment One
defendant accepted the sentence and
went to Jail, but 81 defendants APP
pealed to the superior court, where
the sentences of imprisonment of the
lower court were sustained in two
eases and RENTED in IS cases, the
defendants being required only to pay
the fines.
Are the liquor laws of Maine prae-
teal, so that they are capable of be
ing enforced? Where they are well
enforced. is there decrease in ar
rests and commitments for drunken
ness? Are the police (about 2S51 in
our 20 cities fairly performing their
duties in depressing all violations of
law? Are the penalties usually i'm
posed by oar courts adequate to deter
men from entering, or continuing in,
the liquor business? Does the liquor
traffic in Maine produce for the State
u net revenue or deficit? These and
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

Much information on the admins
tration of the liquor laws in Maine
during a period of twelve years is fur
nished by the accompanying tables,
two of which include 16 years BY the
publication of these compilations eX-
act conclusions may take the place OF
conjecture. This information is timely
when new set OF officials, pledged to
an honest enforcement of the liquor
laws, is about to take charge of the
government of Maine
The small proportion of settled cases
not included in these tables, because
settled in municipal and trial justice
courts, and the reason why cases of
this class in the lawer courts are uSu-
ally appealed to the higher courts. are
shown by the following typical record.
Judge F. X. Shaw of the Waterville
municipal court, from Jan. l, 1911 TO
Feb. /, 1912, sentenced 3S defendants
in liquor cases. imposing in each in
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

There were 20,0sa criminal cases in
the superior and supreme judicial
courts of Maine in twelve years from
1899 to 1910 OF these cases, 1894 were
for violations af the liquor laws. Sen
fences were imposed in 6,29S of these
liquor cases and 7406 cases were mol
pressed. mostly after being continued
repeatedly or filed a long time. Cases
were often nol-prossed because the de-
PENDANTS counsel represented that his
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

client could net pay so many fines or
that the Imprisonment on all the cases
would be too long. Liquor sellers cor
rectly anticipated this customary len
iency of the court and continued yio-
lating the law after officers made
seizures at their saloons The eXami-
nation of many municipal and trial
justice court doekets showed that 81
per cent of the defendants in liquor
cases appealed, but only . per cent. of
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Comparison of Liquor and Criminal Cases.

the defendants in all other criminal
cases. This anomaly is explained by
the favorable settlement of cases in
the higher courts by criminals who
have considerable money or political
influence. This unnecessary eonges-
ton of liquor cases in the higher
courts does great wrong to ltigants
in other cases which are delayed, and
imposes a heavy tax on the citizens
of each county.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Costs Of the Criminal Prosecutions.

causes that year. In 1911 under sheriff
were 952 commitments. In 1908 Sher-
iff Ham enforced the liquor law in
Kennebec county and there We're III
ton. In 1911 under the non-enforce-
mont policy Of Sheriff Richardson there
were $50 commitments. We now come
to the expense of this criminal grist in
jails and other public institutions.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

ures, necessitated by the liquor traffic.
This vast expenditure does not include
any OF the funds used by religious and
philanthropic organizations to repair
or stay the social havoc of the liquor
traffic. No single countys balance
sheet in these twelve years shows a
cash surplus from the liquor traffic,
and only in Androscoggin. Kennebec
and Penobscot counties have the liquor
fines slightly exceeded the two items
of cost of prosecution and board of
prisoners
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

Liquor sellers in about half the coun-
ties OF Maine have not been treated
like other criminals. Tut have been
farmed by tie public officials for rev
enue. Under this discriminating treat
ment their business has flourished suf-
ficiently to enable them 10 pay the
state from $4,000 to s175.oOo per year
and leave enough profits to encourage
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Fines and Costs Imposed in Non-Liquor Cases.

The defendants in criminal cases in
general doubtless possess less ability
to pay fines than the defendants in
liquor cases. but the collection of sew
enteen times as much money from the
iouor dealers. who were defendants in
only twice as many cases, shows a dis
position on the part of the prosecuting
and judicial authorities to tax the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Support Of Prisoners in Maine Jails.

OF the 6,727 prisoners committed in
1911 to Maine iails. 1908 were commit
ted for intoxication Add to this class
OF cases all other commitments, in
directly caused by liquor. and it will
be seen that most of the s666. 40744 paid
for the support of prisoners in Maine
jails during these twelve years is
chargeable to liquor. Add to the ST.
521641.a3 for the combined cost of pros
ecutions in the higher courts and the
support of prisoners in jails. fair
percentage OF the cost for the care of
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

Liquor selling is no exception to the
rule that crime produces deficit for the
State instead of surplus. The costs of
criminal prosecution in twelve years
was ss55. 1889, large part of which
was spent in prosecuting liquor cases,
or other cases indirectly caused by
liquor. The extent to which the liquor
traffic causes crime and costs may be
illustrated by three items, to which
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

paupers, insane feeble minded and
other detectives caused by the use of
intoxicants. the expense for grand jul
rjes and traverse juries, the salaries of
ten judges of the higher courts and
the maintenance of "a municipal courts
and tens of thousands of dollars an
nually for fees of trial Justices, sher
ifs. policemen and constahes, and it
will be seen that the Sl,297, 1924 col
leeted as liquor fines in twelve years
We're more than twice expended in pro-
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

in court. Many officials in Maine are
justly charged with thus permitting
and encouraging citizens to violate or
continue violating, the laws. | have a
dong list of bar-rooms conducted con-
tinuously for five to twelve years by
the present owners. none of whom
have served day in Jail. No other
criminals with such records run at
large.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
;NSIVE INFORMATION on ENFORCEMENT OF LIQUOR LAWS
Liquor Cases Appealed to Law Court

The record of 2.749 liquor cases, COM
ing up ry appeal from the superior
and supreme courts to the law court
of Maine. resulted in 40 decisions in II
years in favor of the appellants. The
appeals: Cd to gain delay in comply
ing with the terms of the sentence; (2)
to avoid sentence by judge of reput-
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
The Fines and Costs Imposed in liquor Cases.

pose. but it is not always so applied.
In many places the dry" law has been
executed by wet administration.
The court records alone in some coun-
ties would probably be sufficient, with
fair tribunal and capable prosecutor,
to remove from office by legal pro-
cesses judges, county attorneys and
sheriffs on the charge of gross neglect
of duty
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

similar ones could be added. In 1901
sheriff Pearson, a prohibitionist. en-
forced the liquor laws in Portland and
there were 1900 arrests for all causes in
that city that year. In 1911 under the
enforcement policy of sheriff
Moulton there were $685. arrests. In
1908 Sheriff Cummings. a Methodist
minister. enforced the liquor law in
rs commitments to the Jail for all
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

them to continue violating the law
Deyine MeGIinchey, Walsh and many
Others have feen fined as much as ST..
600 in a year. but were suffered by the
officials to run nj large and continue
their violations. 10 man ever man
aged a liquor shop for any other rur-
pose except to make a profit on his
financial investment. The Maine liquor
law is capable of defeating that pur-
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

cd rigor who might happen to be pre-
siding at that term of court. In 1905
1.-THE legislature amended the law (Sec
70. Chap. 1876, r. 50 SO that any judge
trying a case, upon conviction either
by verdict or upon demurrer, must at
once pronounce sentence. About the
same year the judges began to dismiss
motions for appeal as frivolous and
intended for delay" oxford, WASH
ington and Franklin county liquor sell
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

crime of liquor selling but to punish
other crimes. Men who assault or steal
are often sent to Jail for the first Of
Tense and to state prison for subse-
euent offenses, while men who sell
liquor often settle in court by the pay
ment of small fines and continue COM
hitting the same crime. without there
by aggravating the charge against
them when they subsequently appear
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

When men in other states seek the
privilege of paying from $500 to s25oo
per year for the right to ruin saloon,
why should aggregate payments of
$1S5 deter men from selling liquor in
Maine? About four fifths of them
suffer no further penalty than fines.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14

ance, slOo to $1,000 Several thousands
of the 6.29s sentences in liquor cases
We're for nuisance. yet the average
liquor fine during the entire period, for
all cases in all counties in Maine, was
$S9,75,-light as an assessment and RI
diculous as penalty.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Average Fine in Settled Liquor Gases.

The theory period a
money exacted from the defendant
serves as punishment and det him $50
In none of these twelve did the
average LIQUOR line in the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1912-10-14
Average Aggregate Fines Against Convicted Dealers

has
the annual aggresaton Of
has been large enough highest annual per
whole
all term rhs Mai
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Greece Regains Freedom.

Greece, which has Joined with The
Balkan states in the present war, il
IN Il similar position regarding the OF
tonlnn empire III Europe rs their al.
lies. There are great numbers of their
race III Macedonia, Crcto and other
Turkish provinces, and The Greeks have
as much cause to chafc under the out
RACES pcrpctratcd at their door az the
other states now At war with Turkey.
The Greek nation only recently has
emerged from The horrors of Mahome-
dan rule. MS the war Of Liberation only
began in 1921. aud IL was not until 1882
that by concert Of the six great pow
crs she became an independent state.
The idea Of the powers was to cstab-
lish ground upon which the Hellenic
people could concentrate. II did not
give enough territory TO the newly
formed kingdom to make this possible.
Later Thessaly aud Thrace were added,
which still left Creto and other Turk
ish provinces pcopled by Greek Chris.
tians under the Turkish rule. The uu-
emaucipated Greeks tbirsted for the
SAME freedom their brethren were en-.
i0Niuy and ravo1tc6
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Servia Becomes Master.

Tho culmpation Of Scrvlan power
came under Stephen Dusan. He caused
tho Greek Emperor Andronicus TO sue
for peace, and even set up his standard
on the shores Of the Aegean Sea
BY the treaty of 1910 the Scrvian
monarch a dominions reached from tho
Danube to the Gulf Of Corinth, and
from the Adriatic Sea nearly to Adria-
noplc. When it is considered that the
BnlgariaDs were vassals Of Sorvia at
this time. il will he seen that Dusan
was master of the entire Balkan pen
insula.
Dusau S empire did not long survive
hls. death, 1T required an iron hand
70 keep so composite state together
HIS successors wcre too weak to CON
solldato the Servian dominions. Inter
nal strife dissipated all Dusan had won.
One after another Of the vassal nations
declared their independence and only
Scryia remained to tho Serbs.
From this time on there were con-
hnual wars between tho Balkan states,
until all were forced to join against
their common enemy the Turks. ri was
at tho battle of kossovo that the final
act came. The fate of the Balkan pep
lnsula was sealed for five centuries bv
the victory Of the Great Sultan
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Hope Again Blasted.

AGAIN in l7s6 :hc Austrian Emperor
Iosepo H.. formed a coalition with
katherine OF Russia 10 drive The
Turks ont Of Europe. From every
quarter the scattered Serbs .6ocked to
the STANDARD Of The emperor. Belgrade
fell In 1883. aud Scrvian chief, Colo
mel Mehallevic, led the cnligrapis over
the mountains 10 Kruscvic. the bolv
city of the Serbs. The hosts OF Islam
fed from the land aud 1t seemed that
Servia ) hour had come. The outbrcak K
Of The French revolution, followed b.
the wars Of Napoleon, turned the at
teniion Of the two empires elsewhere,
and Servia WAS again restored TO Tur.
KEY,
This war. which occurred in 1888,
however, was not without its results
1t aroused the national spirit of the
Sorviaps. The downtroddcn peasants.
who had cringed in The presence of the
Turk, became men and patriots once
more.
Again AZ tho opening oG the nine.
tcenth century the Scrvians rcyoted
under 4 peasant soldier, Kara George,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Religion Base Of Feud.

On tho other side there has been add
ed 10 "A religious difference that could
not he bridgcd, the natural ycaruings
of races for political freedom and ma
tionaI autonomy which the very differ
cnces in creed as well rs Of blood, have
kept alive during the centuries tbeE
had lived under Turkish rule. Each OF
these peoples had past that was glor-
ious and free Each had hceu more or
less it's own master. and the centuries
OF Turkish msrulc only kept this ma
tonal spirit alive. They looked upon
their Ottoman masters as nsurpers,
whose yoke never ceased TO gall. and
whose power they were ever ready TO
throw of.
The Balkan peninsula proper, before
thc advent OF the Turks. was divided
among three distinct races, the Ruman-
ians. Bulgariaus and toe Serbs or ser
vians. Tho MouteDcgrius arc an of.
shoot Of the Serbs, who az the time Of
the Turkish conquest fed to the noun
taius at the head of the Adriatic sea.
and maintained their independence
throughout tho centuries. mainly on ac-
comnt of the juaccessibiliSy OF the couu-
try To which they fed. and never really
we're brought under Turkish rule. The
Greeks, who have joined with the other
Balkan states in tho present war. while
having the same cause TO desire the
overthrow OF the Ottoman power, have
no TERRITORY contiguous 10 their north
crn allies. and must be treated indepeu-
dent of them
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27

cd the new faith. They were warlile
people, and though civilization came
with tho Christian missionaries
the never lost their love o. freedom
II was their warliEe instincts that led
them to many encounters with tho
ucighborng Bulgariars. and TO this Is
due the security Of The Greek empire,
until the fall of all at the time OF the
Ottoman conquest.
During the time Of tho first BnIgnr-
IAN empire. under Gar Simeon, Servia
was blottcd off the map. 70 use the
words Of II writer of the time, their
land became u vast uninh1hitcd for
est, - A few Serbs still remained, sup
porting themselves bt lac chase. The
remainder had fled TO Croatia and other
nearby countries.
II was Cislau who restored the might
of tho Scrvian name. Escaping to Con.
stantinonlc from Bulgaria, where he
was held a prisoner, he implorcd tho
aid OF the Greek emperor to gather the
scattered Serbs. tbat they might strike
a blow at the common enemy. MAX
ing his wav TO Scrvla he raised his
standard and the Serbs flockcd 80 IT by
thousands, lie drove ont the BulSar-
ians, and rc.cstablishcd the Scrvian ma
tIou. though il remained the yassal of
1 he Crock cnuirr
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Cruelties Shock World.

These revolts were put down by tho
Turks with atrocities so fearful that
the civilized world was shocked Thou
sands Of Crctans aud Armenians were
butchercd in The '00s. and the six great
powers Of Europe did not enter a con.
certed protest, owing to their iealouses
OF one another. as in case of Turkish
war il might lead 10 the downfall Of
the Ottoman power in Europe, and a
general war III Europe over the division
of the spoils.
There was no restraining the Cretan
population. however, It was their
brethren who were given over 10 the
massacre. and Greece new TO the sue
cor Of the Crctans. II was then that
the European concert Of 1897 was con
yencd. and Christcnlom was Mortified
to see Christian powers hasten 10 The
ald of Turkey, Greece was told to
keep hands off. and ihe terrible massa-
crcs were left uupGuished. These Chris
tian Greeks arc still under the rule of
the unspcakahIc Turk.
This condition remains TODAY, and il
is for this that Greece has Joined tho
Balkan states in the present war.
1T has been the policy Of the sub.
lime porte TO be long on promises, but
the promises Of the "Iouug Turkish
party which icthroDed the old sui.
tan and placed a ruler Of their own
choosing on the throuc, that Turkcv
would follow the example Of tbc other
mowers and create a liberal government.
The Balkan states and their Grecian
allies waited patiently for these reforms
to be instituted. 1t is needless to say
that they waited in vain, FOR Turkcv
only moves when compelled from with
out Instead of following an cnlipbt-
crC1 ruliry in rcpar1 Ia ina Christian
peoples still under Christian rule, tho
Young Turks have In reality proved
themselves 10 I've rcactIonaries Mace.
donia in particular has been cnprrs.od
bv the sublime porte that still cortin-
ned 10 promise reforms that would
make the existence o. the subjected
Christian pconlc uossible To endure. The
patience Of the Greeks and their allies
has become exhausted aud thov have
sprung 10 arms TO win that which the
concern of the great powers has refused
4 n Jcn,api
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
Gap in Serb History.

From this period. about $50, down 30
tue eleventh century, there is gap III
the ScTvian records.
Tho next heard Of them is at tho
time of the Western Bulgarian empire,
under Car Samuel The Serbs were
conquered ny Samuel. but the Bulgar-
lanS did not hold the country long, AS
both became the yassals of the Greek
Empire.
II was at Inc time Of the accession
of Stephen Nomania. about lIA2. that
the greatness Of medieval Scrvia ne.
gan. He united Bosuiou to Scrya in
1859, and BUNDLED every chief beneath
hun. He even made Roadway against
the Greek empire that WIS his suzcriau.
He was reduced to vas5a lage however.
by the Emperor Manuel At the death
OF Manuel in $50. he az last throw off
the Greek yoke. and proclaimed him.
self king Of Scrvia. The Successors of
Ncmanla were constantly at war with
the ncighboring nations. mostly with
the IIungarIaDs, and AS = nation Ser
via made little advanccmcnt The in
roads of the Mugos the latter part Of
thc thirteenth century. united the Hun
garians and Serbs against common
enemy. Ii was Stephen " who drove
tho barbarians back and consolidated
his dominious
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1912-10-27
BY J. G.. WEAVER.

ITO understand the causes which
lead up to the present war oi
tho Balkan states against thc
Ottoman empire. will Mt the out
set require a glance ut the history OF
the allied states in their relation to
European Turkey. Broadly speaking,
The religious intolerance OF the Otto
mans toward the Christian peoples con
qucrcd by them, has made impossible
the assimilation of the vanquisbed
races bv their Mahomcdan masters. and
caused, and still causes, constant iric-
ticn between them.
Iu the concrete, ii NAV be said that
the canse Of tho present war is five
centuries pld. and that peace will never
bo absolutely possible until the Turks
are driven out of Europe or the Chris
;ians, still under Ottoman rule, are
either freed or annihilated. The i'm
partial observer will own after n study
of the question, that there have been
acts of reprislal upon both sides and
that the outrages OF the Turks upon
tbc Christians have only been greater
in degree by reason of beng the domi-
nant power led on, rs has been said by
= religious intolcrcucc that knew no
curb aside from the combined protest
Of the civilized world