davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24
From the London (Ens) Syndicalis,

I theory.
 We think the craft unions have i their place in syndicalism, but only as they are united with the other ! craft unions. to form a solid organi- i zation, controlling completely the whole industry or which they are ! part
 A union to be really powerful must be a union of all the workers in i the industry affected, and a strike 1 to be effective must be wide enough l spread to not only seriously cur. ] tail the profits of the employers. but must also be a menace to the community itself through the stop. page of supplies.
 With the workers properly organ ized there is nothing that they may not successfully demand from the capitalists by means of general strike.
 'N Fdii Nplllpdns "itll lut SOtldl- ists in thinking that the effective ness of sending men to a moribund Parliament of moribund State can in any manner of way com pare with the effectiveness of organ izing men into all powerful indus trial unions.
 Both syndicalism and socialism look to a worldwide democratic or ganization of the workers for co operative production and distribution. But whereas socialism looks to so- cial organizations, proceeding from the present capitalist state down ward to the workers. the syndi- calist looks to the evolution pro ceeding upward from the workers to organized society.
 Syndicalism is inverted socialism. The difference between syndicalism and socialism is the difference be- tween a man and machine. The man himself controls his own activi- ties; the machine is controlled from without
 The socialist imagines that he can assemble the parts of the future society as watch maker assemblies the wheels of a watch; whereas the syndicalist insists that future so- ciety must follow the natural lines of growth like a plant or an animal Syndicalist philosophy is deductive, whereas socialism is inductive
 Syndicalists look upon the new in- dustrial unions of today as direct progenitors of the organization of the future industrial community
 We think that the practical test of experience shows plainly that whereas it is comparatively easy strike for the success of their unions, to face starvation for principle, it is paradoXically almost impossible to get them to vote for a revolutionary candidate, to give a vote which costs them neither trouble nor pain, merely thought The worker is guided more by his feelings than his thoughts.
 We think the explanation of this phenomenon exists in the workers understanding, sub-consciously, per haps. that in striking for their union they are working for a living organ ism of which they are an integral part; whereas in sending their man to Parliament they are forcing him into decaying organization which nothing can successfully galvanize into renewed life.
 However, to the extent that pol itcal action does not distract the workers from industrial unionism we have no quarrel with those who thus employ themselves.
 During the transition period there
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

I can be no doubt but that a group of revolutionary socialists in Parlia. ment has some value to the workers Especially in the control of local conditions, there can be no question but that the election of Labor and Socialist members to boards of guardians, of aldermen, etc. Is a dis. tinct advantage. But to those so- cialists who look for a social trans, formation to come about by the election of a socialist majority to the House of Commons We can but extend our pity.
 We think the evolution of the social organism follows the law of the living organism; the develop ment is from the extreme to the center rather than the contrary.
 The future industrial society will normally take a valid possession of its tools of production in any certain industry, first through the gaining of the control by the workers in that industry, rather than through the control first passing to the pres ent capitalist state
 Even when the present state does nationalize an industry, as it has already, for instance, taken over the postoffice, and as it will no doubt take over the railways and mines. this may be really of little, if any, benefit to the workers concerned in those industries, as, indeed. it is not always of any certain benefit to present society.
 An industy will never become an integral part of the future in dustrial society until it is under the control of it's workers, and worked for the joint benefit of those work CTS and the community. Such a con dition is practically impossible un- der the present capitalistic state. Hence, syndicalists view with more or less indifference standardization by the capitalist state In fact, it is not difficult to foresee a condi, tion in which the superior power of the state over the capitalist might even be turned against the workers in an industry that has become nationaliZed.
 There can be no denial that the State has not in all instances been model employer. What may be said in regard to standardization applies with even greater force to the fixing of minimum wage by the State.
 The workers can have no guar antee when they have not only to struggle with the capitalist but also with the State, controlled by capi- talists, that they will be in any better condition to insist upon fair wage than they are today True, they will be protected against low ering of the minimum, but there is no guarantee that the minimum fixed will not become practically un- alterable maximum, and a maximum which may not allow the necess- aries of life.
 The present minimum wage bill is especially obnoxious, as it's dis trict boards tend to divide the labor forces in the next contest.
 Syndicalists refuse to be drawn aside by red herrings of any sort, and declare that the main object today in life for the workers is so to perfect their industrial union ism that they may have complete control of their destinies.
 In union there is strength. and in the just and proper exercise of strength lies happiness. In syndi- calism man will attain racial man. hood; he will at last know his own soul.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

Croutons.
 For croutons of bread, slices cut about a quarter of an inch thick, either stamped or cut into dice, are required. If for soups or meats, fry the bread in ordinary frying fat till it is a golden brown. If for sweet dishes, fry in butter. Drain we'll on kitchen paper.
 Oven Scenes.
 One pound of flour, two table, spoonfuls of butter, three table spoonfuls of cleaned entrants, two tablespoOnfuls of sugar, half tea spoonful of salt, one egg, one tea spoonful of baking soda, two tea spoonfuls cream of tartar and some sweet milk. Sift the flour into a basin and rub the butter into it thoroughly. Add the sugar, salt, soda, cream of tartar, entrants, egg (well beaten and enough sweet milk to make a stiff dough. Knead lightly, roll out, cut into rounds with cutter, lay on buttered bak. ing tins, brush over with beaten egg, and bake in hot oven for ten minutes
 Gingerbread.
 Three cupfuls of flour, one tea spoonful of baking soda, two tea spoonfuls of mixed spices, two eggs, one cupful of molasses, half a cup- ful of milk, half cupful of sugar, half a cupful of butter, one cupful of cleaned entrants, half a cupful of chopped almonds and half a cup ful of chopped citron peel. Sift the flour into a basin and add the mixed spices, soda, almonds, peel and entrants. Melt the butter in a saucepan, add the sugar, milk and molasses. Cool and add them with the wellbeaten eggs to dry ingredi- ents. Turn into a buttered and floured cake tin and bake in a mod crate oven for one hour.
 eeauresard Eggs.
 Five hard cooked eggs, two table spoonfuls of butter, two tablespoon fuls of flour, one cupful of milk, five slices of toast, seasoning of salt and pepper. Remove the shells from the eggs, separate the whites from the yolks; chop the whites very fine, and then put the yolks through a sieve.
 Blend the butter and flour togeth, CT in a saucepan over the fire, add the milk and stir until boiling. Add the whites of the eggs and season nicely with salt and pepper Arrange the toast on a hot platter, pour over the sauce, sprinkle the top with the yolks, reheat and serve hot
 Strawberry Buns.
 Take one pound of flour, three ounces of sugar, two ounces of but ter, one egg, one gill of milk, two teaspoonfuls of baking powder and some strawberry jam. Sift together the flour, baking powder and pinch of salt Next rub in the butter finely, and add the sugar Beat up the egg and stir in the milk;
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24
What Is Syndicaism?
 From the London

The essence of syndicalism is the control by the workers themselves of the conditions of their work.
 The growth of the machine pro. cess has divorced the worker from the control he formerly exercised hy his individual ownership of the tools Of production.
 Today the capitalist owns and con. trols the tools formerly owned by the worker, with the result that the worker is practically his slave.
 Syndicalism proposes that this con. trol Of the technical processes now exercised by the capitalist shall pass to the various groups of organized workers of the various industries. The product which is now the prop erty of the capitalist would become under syndicalism the property of the community.
 The syndicalist looks to the fut- ure organization of human society to be an industrial society. as op- posed to the present capitalist state
 The present capitalist state is represented by a Parliament com posed of representatives of certain territories. from geographical sec tions of the country whereas the future industrial society will have it's national committee composed of delegates from the various indus. tries
 The present political organization of society is anarchiCal. inasmuch as the representatives in Parliament are not representative of men as organizations, but of unorganized individuals-or at least, organized in no natural, vital. industrial or ganization.
 We look upon the present State as moribund. as a relict of an order Of society fast passing away, and, therefore. We do not think Parlia- ment as at present composed can ever do much of anything toward preparing the way for the future industrial society Hence the syn. dicalist thinks the energy and strength of the workers should be mainly directed toward industrial organization rather than to politi- cal action.
 We set our faces toward the future rather than the past We look forward to humanity organized in a worldwide industrial society, where the means of production and distribution are owned and con trolled by the workers
 Syndcalsm has no thought of arranging industry upon the basis of each group of workers in each industry holding up the community to the full extent of it's economic power in order to extract the great est amount of reward for it's partic- ular form of labor.
 The remuneration of the worker will be determined either by deed, or by needs as may hereafter be decided, but most certainly not up on the basis of allowing him a re ward accordingly to the importance of his industrial product to the com munity, for that would be merely changing the present system, with it's small number of capitalist ex- ploiters, to worse system, with a myriad of exploiting workers.
 We think that the workers, by combining their forces in the var ious industries, will have it in their power to determine for themselves the future course of society. We think the example of what the British coal miners with their great strike have done is proof of our
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

Auto Car leaves Fairbanks for Gil. more F9:15 a. m, 1:40 D. m. *C0nnects at Ester Siding for Ester City with Parkers Auto Fairbanks Greek Stage, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday Mornings.
 C. w. JOINT Gen. Mar.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24
ODD BITS OF NEWS

LOS ANGELES, Cal-Mrs. Cora Blanche Parkhurst a wealthy widow, lasted fifty-six days to reduce her weight and died suddenly of heart failure.
 STEUBENVILLE, Ohio. Hattie Hart, Cleveland actress, has been awarded $1O a piece for fifty let ters written her by Captain Cheeks. She sued for $5O,OOO damages for breech of promise. Good thing the letters were not of burning type"
 CAMBRIDGE, Mass.-All of the famous elms of the Harvard quad, rangle will be cut down after the June commencement and will be re- placed by red oaks.
 PHILADELPHIA,-Ed. O'Malley, a prospective bridegroom, took a drink with stranger and missed his wedding. When O'Malley came to, $375 was missing from his pock- cts
 SAN FRANCISCO-Mrs. H. Law son Hill, 1O4 years old, the oldest living daughter of the American revolution will cast her first vote in November and says 1t will be for Taft.
 DURANT, Okla-Mrs. M. B. Chip ley, S3 years old, walked off a mov- ing Missouri, Kansas & Texas train near here in her sleep. Next morn ing she was found by section hands with only sprained ankle.
 OKLAHOMA, CITY.-This city is putting up the loudest Chan tecler" crow. Lewis Wolfschmidt has a prize hen that lays eighteen
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

SPRINGFIELD, Il.-Charles Tottle didn't want his wife to go out so he burned all her clothes. Mrs Tottle got even by telephoning the police They came and took Tottle to jail and now he cant go out either.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

Job Printing of the Quality Class turned out promptly at the Citizen office.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

Rubber stamps, ink pads, daters, all sold at the Citizen office.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

r. Berg, The Taiior, Phone 117x Turner street, Fairbanks.
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

90!JJO u9zH!O aql lB GQdmoId mo psuInl ss8IO GlHenO eql Jo 5unu!Id qor
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

OKLAHOMA, CITY.-This city is putting up the loudest Chan tecler" crow. Lewis WOlfschmidt has a prize hen that lays eighteen
The Alaska citizen., 1912-06-24

eggs in twenty days Riddle could make it twenty-twenty, but she Is religious and won't work on Sun. day.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19
MORGAN TO RETIRE
CAR OF AMERICAN FINANCE HAS
NO INTENTION OF DYING
IN THE HARNESS.
Man Whose Fortune 10 Estimated At
Three Hundred Millions Has Decided
to Act Hereafter Only in an Ad-
vtsory Capacity in Affairs Of Firm.

New York;. Pierpont Morgan.
Czar of American finances, has retired
from active business life.
The business interests Of ]. P. Nor
gan & Co. are now in the hands Of
his younger partners. Mr.. Morgan
himself is no longer at the helm, nor
does he intend to resume that post
when he returns from Egypt.
He has definitely laid aside the bur
dens and cares which he has borne for
fifty years. and has decided to act
hereafter only in an advisory capac-
ity" in the affairs of his firm.
Not until Sunday did it become
known that Mr.. Morgan. just prior to
his departure for Egypt, on December
20, called conference Of his partners
and acquainted them with his intention
to retire from active business affairs
The partners had kept the secret with
care.
Mr.. Morgan on that occasion made
the dramatic assertion that his entire
personal fortune was at the service
of the firm and would remain SO in his
lifetime. No one outside of Mr. Nor
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19

ceeded his father in 1856, when he was
Of the age Of forty. He does not seem
to have been 80 prosperous as his
father, and yet seems to have been
able to send both his sons, Christie
pher and William, to Oriel college. OK
ford, where they were In 1888, the
year Of the Great Armada. Roberts
eldest son was named Laurence, prob
ably after the mayor Of Northampton.
and IN 1910 he, In agreement with his
son, agreed to sell Sulgrave to their
cousin. Laurence Makepeace. The
second Laurence Washington then re-
moved to Brington, near Northampton.
his father, perhaps, going with him,
though the latter was buried in the
family vault at Sulgrave. Laurence
Washington had seventeen children,
two Of whom rose to high positions
and were knighted-Sir William Wash
ington Of Packington In 1922. and Sir
John Washington Of Thrapston in 1923.
But the younger members Of the fam
lily were becoming impecunious. This,
then. was the connection Of the fam
lily Of Washington with Sulgrave man.
or. It is a very interesting one. The
manor could not be properly described
as one of the stately homes Of Eng
land. It was built at good time, but
1t is not a very fine example Of the
period. Nevertheless, single glance
at the pictures Of the really grand
old place will show how essen.
TALLY English are the architecture and
it's surroundings. It would have been
a very befitting action had 1t fallen to
the lot Of the celebrants in Great Brit
tain to think first of Sulgrave and to
have offered 1t as a free gift to the
United States. The Inhabitants of the
latter could have made good use of It.
It has long been the object Of many q
pilgrimage on the part Of Americans
in Europe, and it might have been q
rallying ground and a center where
objects of interest to them could be
collected. Something of the kind may
yet be done; but perhaps 1t is better
that all of those who are interested
in keeping the centenary Of the sig
nature of peace should take share IL
the acquisition Of this memorial Of
Washington.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19
1o 60 on MISSION OF AMITY
esoretary Of state Knox 70 Visit
epanlsh-American Republics Ia En-
deavor to Solve Problems.

Washington.-For the purpose Of
solving diplomatic problems and ac-
quiring more accurate information as
to conditions in Central and South
America, Secretary of State Knox, by
direction Of President Taft, will make
q Ave weeks trip to the Spanish
American republics bordering ON the
Caribbean sea and the Gulf of Mexico.
As now planned, Mr.. Knox will not
visit Mexico. but that country may
be included in the program before he
returns the first week of April.
Although the official announcement
Of the trip, made public at the White
House late Saturday, gave no details,
It was made known that Havana
would be Mr.. Knox's first, stop, and 1t
was reported that in Cuba he might
attempt to '"solve the problem" that
brought about hints of American in
tervention there few weeks ago.
Aside from a possible peace-making
expedition to Cuba, the purpose OF
the trip was announced to be the pro-
motion Of friendly relations in Cen
trail America. In many respects It
will be similar to that taken around
South America several years ago by
former Secretary of State Root.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19
Graves o. Washlngton's Ancestors
Sul0ravs, England.

l.-
generations Of Washingtons of War.
ton are recorded. and one Of these was
the father Of Laurence Washington,
mayor Of Northampton in 1882 and
1916. This Laurence Washington
had for mother the daughter Of
Robert Kytson Of Warrior. and sis-
ter Of Sir Thomas Kytsoh of Hem
grave in Suffolk This proved mat
ter Of very considerable Importance in
their history. because 1t brought them
into connection with the Spencers of
Althorp and Wormleighton, through
the marriage Of Sir Thomas Kytson's
daughter, Catherine. to Sir John Spen-
Ger of Wormleighton. whose grand
son, Sir Robert Spencer, was created
Baron Spencer Of Wormleighton in
1903. In process Of time the Wash
ingtons of Sulgrave appear to have
got into financial difficulties. Lau-
renee Washington entered the wool
trade. perhaps induced to do so by the
fact that Lord Spencer was one Of the
great hock.masters Of his day. This
Laurence acquired great riches in the
wool trade. In 1883 he became pos
sessed Of the manor Of sulgrave for
the sum Of E331 14s. 10d.. and sub
!, sequently he purchased additional
property. He had many sons. ot
whom the oldest was Robert. the an
cestor Of George Warrington. He auo.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19
fca,7t Action Recosds

One of the facts in the history of
George Washington which most his
torians fail to mention IL that he was
a volunteer fireman. About 1850 he
enrolled himself in the volunteer fire
company at Alexandria, Va.
1t 10 related that ON more than one
occasion when Washington learned
that there was fire. in the vicinity Of
Alexandra which had called out the
firemen he mounted his horse and
rode thither from Mount Vernon. The
records Of the place show that when
the volunteer fire department was or
ganized each member agreed 'out Of
mutual friendship" to carry to every
Are two leathern buckets and one
great bag Of oznaburg or wider linen"
which was the primitive means Of ex-
tinguishing fire.
The Friendship Fire company Of
Alexandria was organised in 1774. at
which time Washington was q dele
gate to the Continental congress in
Philadelphia. The members Of the
company. remembering Washington's
former services as q fireman, elected
him an honorary member at their flrst
meeting. and forwarded him q copy of
the minutes. ;, .s.... ~
To show his appreciation Of the
compliment, he at once made, thor
ough inspection Of the different kinds
OF fire engines in use in Philadelphia,
and upon his second return there in
ITS. he bought from one Gibbs q
small fourth-class engine for SO
pounds and ten shillings. and Just be.
fore he set out Tor Boston to become
comm4nder-in-chief Of the Continen.
tai army sent this little engine as a
present to the Friendship company.
Washington did not lose his inter.
est in fire matters through his eleva.
ton to position and power. Upon his
retirement to Mount Vernon, after his
second term as president, and when
his fame spread around the world.
he continued to take. active interest
in the volunteer fire department, and
aided It in many ways.
The Blackfoot optimist. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1907-1918, 1912-02-19

and II they are well. dispatch them
to my headquarters" pr
At this juncture. the countersign Is
given at the door, and there enters
the spacious room Rev. Israel Evans,
chaplain of the New York brigade.
"Good morning. chaplain said
Washington.
Good morning. general" was his
reply. ION this, your forty-sixth birth
day. bring to you the greetings Of
Chancellor Livingston. and here's a
box Of dainties with the compliments
Of Mrs. Livingston" ,'.>n,
May heaven, bless them!" replied
the glad recipient. 80 ~.
$50, general, this IL your birthday;
forty-six years? l am nearly twice
your age" slowly remarked the Tory:
"and I fear God has forgotten me long
ago." !. @'''''s'
The care-worn features Of the gen.
eral and the peaceful face of the chap
lain seemed deeply to affect the aged
man. A moment of silence prevails,
when the old man bursts into tears. !.
Let us pray" said the army chap,
lain. will you not kneel with the
general and myself. Mr. Davis?" asked
the reverend gentleman.
| The stranger fell to his knees. and
. prayer went forth that Peter Davis
should no longer remain Tory or an
enemy to human justice.
Peter Davis went home a changed
man that afternoon. He no longer act
ed as a spy for Lord Howe's army.
The Davis farmhouse was at the serv-
Ice OF the Continentals during the re-
matnder of their stay at Valley Foyge.
He lived to see the Independence Of
the Colonies. and many times during
the evening of his. life. he thanked
his Maker that to his. heart there came
courage to visit General Washington
among the huts Of the Continental
srmy during the darkest days OF war
. wased against British dsspottsm. ),