El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1912-04-23


I and only within the last decade of two
that the term has been broadened to
] include so many varieties of work.
/ The term engineer" may now be Civ
en- to the master of any applied sci
{ ence, TIE universities are including
] under the courses leading to the degree
/ of master of engineering many things
/ other than structural and mechanical
I technique. Some Of them have added
/ aerOnautic engineering. According 10
I a modern authority the work Of an
] engineer must include three things. a
/ knowledge of what needs to be done;
I a knowledge OF how to do it and Wha
/ material TO select. and finally, the abil-
! ity to execute the plans and carry them
4 to completion
! Invades the Air.
! AeronautiC engineering is arranged
/ as a special department in II German
Z universities. In this particular Amer
} lea is behind. although attention is Civ
I en- to aviation in number Of the
| larger institutions in this country and
/ the structure Of flying machines and
| aerOplanes IS being studied in each d
! them. The Aero club Of Cornell uni
Versity requires that any machine
] built by student must fly at least
! Is feet at its first test before it can
B be accepted
Different trades and sciences are in
cluded in the several branches OF the
engineering profession, but every prop
cry QuaLlLleQ engineer must hive
knowledge Of the fundamental prlncl-
pies Of chemistry. physics. mathema tics
and mechanics He also requires love
for scientific study for its own sake as
well as a talent for the practical ap-
plication Of its principles. The scien-
list may be more or less a dreamer. but
the scientific engineer must be a prac-
teal man as well as a scientist
Formerly But Two Branches.
Formerly, civil and military engin-
eering were the only two branches
recognized. Civil engineering con-
sisted merely in the construction OF
Military engineering included 1Ortl-
ficatiOns and means OF offence and de-
fence in times of war
Now, civil engineering includes in ad-
dition TO its former branches. highway
engineering, with the various problems
OF bridge building, and other things
that enter into the construction OF
modern highways. It may include
prOVements, irrigation and canal con-
strucUOn and also exhaustive studies
pertaining TO foundations. masonry and
other architectural problems
The courses in mechanical engineer
ing may be closely allied TO those re-
quired by the civil engineer. In fact,
the dividing lines between the differ
ent branches Of engineering are not
finely drawn The mechanical engi-
neer must know how to construct
boiler or an engine, but he may also be
required to design the power station
which is to hold them.
Manufactures Cooperate.
The University Of Cincinnati has done
much to raise the standard of practical
engineering in its different branches
The large manufacturing plants Of the
community cooperate with the univer-
Slty IN this effort Engineering stu
dents frequently work alternate
weeks in the shop and in the lecture
room or laboratory During the sum
mer months prospective students and
freshmen are taught the elements OF
mechanical engineering in broad,
black, greasy, sWeaty strokes" This
test enables the university TO deter
mine the ability and serious purpose OF /
the student The University Of Cinciu-
natl last year added to its mechanical
equipment 100000 engineering build I
Ing and a $4,000 power house.
Get Large Salaries.
me salaries paid to the trained me-
chanical engineers are well worthy OF I
the consideration OF those who are de- 4
pendent upon their chosen calling for I
a living. Without taking into cOnsid- I
GRAFTON the exceptional salaries which /
come as a result Of exceptional abili- !
ty or unusual good fortune. a New
England college Of engineering has as /
certained that the average salary re-
celVed by graduate mechanical en-
gineer is $1,000 for the first year and
90 percent OF those covered by the can
cass were receiving $1,000 by the end Of
the second year. The highest salary !
paid at the end Of the 14th year was
$4,000 and the lowest salary at the end
of the 2Oth year $4,000.
Electrical engineering is rapidly de-
velOping into one OF the most impOr-
tant branches OF the profession. The
ever increasing use TO which electricity
Is put creates 8 seemingly endless de-
mand for the trained electrical engt-
1eer- Many branches Of work are in
Cluded In electrical engineering in
q oF u-hfnh Te n ]
found a generous income for the capa-
bic man. Among the best known lines Z
of electrical work are biography, tele-
phony Illuminating and the construc-
ton of motors for supplying electric
power.
The electrical training in the univer-
sites is made as practical as possible
and both professors and students
keep closely in touch with the CONNER
cial and industrial developments in
electrical needs. one OF the professors
Of electrical engineering from Cornell
worked last summer as an
electrical inspector for the New York,
New Haven & Hartford Railway COM
pany in order to study the needs in this
branch of the work Another profess
lot IN a western university, assisted by
several students, installed an electric
light plant IN a nearby town.
The universities spare no pains to
give the students practical study in
engineering A hundred students from
versity OF Wisconsin participated in
the annual trip OF inspection Of great
engineering plants Fifty of them
went only as far as Milwaukee and
Chicago. but the electrical and the
senior mechanical engineers visited
Niagara Falls. Pittsburg. Schenectady !
and New York City, inspecting all OF /
the more important plants on their
route.
Mining Engineering Important.
Mining and metallurgical engineering ,
Is becoming increasingly important be- !
cause OF the mining interests being de- {
-elOped in all parts Of the world. and Z
graduates iE these two branches OF
science rs taught in American UNIVERSE :
lies are taking the lead in foreign : :
Countries. Graduates in mining engin- :
sering from American institutions are
low holding positions at high salaries
lnder the British government in South [
Africa Australia and India and under
he German government In several Of e
is colonial Possessions The demand r
or them by the great Industrial cor !
,orations of the world is even greater
han the supply.
Mining engineering includes Eeolog-
cal surveying the methods of ore S