The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1912-09-10

people OF the second settlement were
missing. Their gravcyards. buildings
and other adiuncts of their semi-civili
zation were found. The theory was
formed that the people had
driftcd 10 settlement further west
across the narrow straits where they
interminglcd with Eskimo. whom they
took along with them to the island on
which their descendants make their
headquarters.
They stlll use the bone needles that
were invented 10y their furcfathers. and
many Of their methods of life urs
s.nilar To that uf their progCniturs.
Different environment. more rigorous
climate and a lack of vegetation. how.
ever. has changed many of their usagcs.
They are a migratory people. never
remaining longer than Il few weeks in
the same place. When they moved
Stefanssun and his associates moved
with them. They never live on the
coast itself. and ii was for this reason
that Amun iSen failed to discover them
when he sailed past their island,
In the winter time they settle on the
ice in the centre of a bay and hunt
seal.
In the summer they go to the centre
of the island, where they eat the caribou
which ther" abound IN thousands Once
in great time they capture one of the
rare specimens of Barren Land bear.
Their houses ar" made of snow. with
n roof Of dri'twood which on rare occa-
sions is found on the coast The stray
fragments of wood are highly priced
Furs furnish their clothing. Their
shoes are cut to come well up to the
thighs Here II is met 10y y kind of under
skirt which reaches 10 the waist The
coat is fashioned in almost precisely
the same manner as the full dress Goa
worn at inaugural balls Ivy their civilized
brothers. II cuts off at sharp angle
lust above the waist line and a long tail
divided into Two pieces hangs down be-
hind. The whole outfit II strapped to-
gether 10y means of thongs and buttons
made from raw hide and bone
In one plac" on the island Prof Stefans-
eon discovered a Conical stone house
which bears a striking resemblance to the
houses built in Greenland and Newfound-
land by the Norsemen who first inha bited
those places
None of the natives had ever seen a
sulphur match or a rifle. One tribe eN-
pressed surprise when Stefansson killed
n caribou with a rifle at distance of
5nore than ,o0o yards. They told him
of a wonderful man who had once lived
in that country who had a bow and arrow
that would shoot over a mountain and
Kill a dear or a bear on the other side.
Although Stefansson must have endured
untold hardships during the five years he
spent in the Arctic one never would think
80 from talking with him. He travelled
on foot more than IO.O0l miles and sIis-
tanned himself and Dr. Anderson with his
rife He took nei ther shotgun nor
fishing net although once in a while he
obtained fish from natives.
There are but two specimens of the
Barr Land bear IN the United States
sSfaIangsnn
killed with rifle and six 10y natives.
They will be brought down 10y Dr. Ander-
sou. who left the shores of the Arctic on a
whaler. Or. Anderson also Is br inging
many other biological geological and
botanical specimens.
The winter temperature IN this latitude
Ii about % degrees below zero on an
average. Prof. StefansSon and his asso-
ciate wore WOOllen underwear in summer
and winter. which ~ nearly all of the
time; wore Clpl hing they made from the
pelts Of animals they killed Pants ana
coats Were made with two thicknesse~ of
fur, one beng placed next to the skin
and the other turned outward 10 meet
the cold and frost
In the five years he spent on the ex-
pedition Stetanssol killed nearly sixty
tons of meat. He travelled twenty miles
tor every one travelled 10y Amund sen
Peary OF any other explorer and mapped
Il large part Of the country.
me maps pi TIA" Top oil the world, he
says. are grossly Inaccurate. Rivers
which are marked on the charts have
no existence in fact and mountain ranges
appear where the country should he fat
He found Amundsen's maps however,
very useful and generally correct.
The Indians in the region in which he
travelled provide for themselves with
primitive weapons. The unlimited ani-
mails, ne says, have no more chance
against Il rite than a mosquito. would
have against n pile driver.
Scientifically. the work was divided
between himself and Dr. Ander son
Steiansson did the mapping and the an
thropoloG ica and ethnologICai tasks,
while DR.. anderson took care of the bIo-
logical. botanical and geologicG t.>ks
StefanSSou goes east tonight to make
his report and compute his scientific data
into readable form, after which he will
return to tn" Arctic ny the wav nf the
Edmonton trail and Mackenzie River
He has planned to devote twenty wears
to Arctic sNploratl ion and he has still
fifteen years worK ahead OF him He
believes he will he able to learn much more
about the primitive white race he has dis
covered before traders and others are
able to reach their habitat and corrupt