davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Ipswich man. show distinctly primitive anu sunny
what simian characteristics The Implements
which they made are also of more simple type
than those found in the ryer-terrace graVes'
which are nevertheless more ancient Iherelole'
if We to judge of the type of man from the I'M
plements he made the earlier river-drift man was
of a more advanced type than the later Mouste-
rian or Neanderthal man. The famous ind at
Galley Hill of portions of human skeleton IN
the very ancient 100-foot terrace of the Thames
has proved this to be true; for here we have
type of skull which is by means degraded, and
associated with flint implements which show an
advanced civilization.
Thus the evidence of the fnts and the evidence
of the human bones in entire agreement;
but the 100foot terrace of the Thames at Upmin-
ster, in Essex, rests upon, and is therefore less
ancient than the chaky boulder clay, and under
this boulder clay at Ipswich modern type OF
man has been found And yet not quite modern,
for the Ipswich mans tibia or shin-bone, is differ
ent in every way from ours, and not only ours,
but from any which have hitherto been found or
described This peculiar tibia, which, Profes-
sor Keith says, represents a stage in evolution,
and will serve to distinguish the race to which
this man belonged was no doubt associated with
his manner of walking, but at present it is i'm
possible to say exactly what this association was.
The finding of a modern type of man below the
chalky boulder clay is as has been suggested, at
first sight rather puzzlng, but the deXterously
faxed implements which have been found in the
older middle-glacal gravels and the still much
older detritus bed below the red crag, make the
discovery much more easy to understand. The
outstanding fact about this discovery is that even
at such an immensely remote period as that pre-
ceding the deposition of the chaky boulder clay
modern man was already evolved and that to find
the primitive human type we shall have 20 carry
investigations back into still more dim and
distant past.
The Neanderthal man of the earlier Ice Age is
fha lypov tic tupo
Arthur Keith in Ancient Types CT Man." says:
I'VE know now that the men who lived in
Europe during the earlier and greater part Of the
Glacial Perod-one estimated to have extended
over period of from 100000 to 100000 years
were of the Neanderthal type. A compar-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

velopment in the Neanderthal type lover l'5oo
cc); indeed 1880 &C. is usually accepted as an
average for modern man. The earliest trace Oh
the Neanderthal type of man yet found was DIS
covered in the valley Of the Neckar' some SIN
miles above . Heidelberg. Only lower
Jaw was found The Heidelberg man had
a massive law One can be absolutely
certain that the head form of the Heidelberg man
was of the Neanderthal shape. In the
manner of head fixation Neanderthal man retains
a distinct trace OF the anthropoid form .
The earliest trace of the skeleton of yet
found in Europe must be assigned to period
which carries us back many hundred thousands
of years . . Yet even at that early date we
find already evolved, british perhaps In ap-
pearance savage. no doubt in his nature-yet
large-braned, erect in posture and in every sense
of the bioogist-a man"
OF the type known as Pithecanthropus erectus,
called the missing link" DR.. W. j. Sollas in
Ancient Hunters says:
Or Eugene Dubois, who had left Holland for
Java with the avowed intention of finding the
missing link discovered in September, 1891, a
moar tooth the wisdom tooth Of Pithecan-
thropus erectus; later the cranial vault, or
the skull-cap, was found. The thigh bone
of the left leg was found lying fifty feet away
from the spot where the first tooth was obtained
but still the same horizon and finally, in Octo-
Der (1S92), another molar tooth. A de-
scripton of the remains of Pithecanthropus has
been published by Dr. Dubois. All are
agreed that they indicate animal bearing
close resemblance to men and apes. Some re-
gard Pithecanthropus as an ape with certain
human characters others man with evident
simian characters; others as connecting
link midway between man and the higher apes
The suggestion has even been made that the re-
mains are those of microcephalic idiot
That which distinguishes from all the beasts
of the field is the power and completely of his
mind. Thus the chief interest in the
Trini fossil attaches to the skulcap or brain
pan this is certainly more simian than
human. The animal has been fttingly
designated Pithecanthropus erectus-the ape
man who walked erect"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

material When the bones were reached 1t was
found that they were in such friable state as to
necessitate the strata in which they lay being
dug up in large Jumps; and as it was of the
greatest importance to have them at once placed
in the hands Of experts they we're forwarded the
same evening to the Royal College Of Surgeons,
London, where they We're most carefully and
skilfuliy examined by Prof Arthur Keith, the con-
servatOr Of the college. During the next week the
strata each side of the place where the skeleton
was found were examined and reported on by Mr.
W. Whitaker. FRS. DR.. J. E. Mari FRS, and
Mr.. George Slater FIGS The chalky boulder
clay, under which the bones were lying, covers an
immense area in East Anglia and is a landmark
in Pleistocene geology. 1t owes its origin to the
ice-sheet associated with the last episode of the
great Ice Age, and its antiquity may be gagged
from the fact that since its deposition most Of
our present river valleys have been formed. Be
fore the chalky boulder clay was laid down there
was apparently a sandy land-surface to the north
of Ipswich, and on this landsurface lived the man
whose remains have been found. The flint imple-
ments he and his associates made, which were,
no doubt, lying the land-surface before the ad-
vance Of the ice. have been found in some abun-
dance in the boulder clay, and at the junction OF
the clay with the glacial sand, and. therefore, at
exactly the same horizon as the bones themselves
occurred These implements and those from the
underlying midde-glacial gravel though very
skilfully made are OF pre-Palaeolithic forms, and
there is no doubt that In pre-boulder clay times
the true Palaeolithic stage Of culture had not been
reached.
Yet the man who lived in Britain in the inter-
glacial period before the boulder clay was laid
down, and who is, therefore, Of vast and I'M
known antiquity to all intents and purposes
modern man. He stood about 5 feet 10 inches in
height; his head was perhaps trife smaller and
iatter than present-day examples, but there was
nothing brutal smian in his appearance.
Now the Neanderthal men whose remains have
been frequently found In caves and rock shelters
in the south Of France and elsewhere, and who
lived in these districts ip Notwithstanding times.
and are therefore. much less ancient than the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
KNOWS NOW
Doctor Was Fooled by His Own Case
For a Time.

It's easy to understand how ordi.
nary people get fooled by coffee when
doctors themselves sometimes forget
the facts.
A physician speaks of his own expe.
rience:
'Thad used coffee for years and really
did not exactly believe it was injuring
me although I had palpitation of the
heart every day. (Tea contains caf-
feine-the same drug found in coffee
and is just as harmful as coffee.)
FINALLY one day a severe and al
most fatal attack of heart trouble
frightened me and / gave up both tea
and coffee, using Postum instead, and
since that time have had absolutely
no heart palpitation except on one or
two occasions when | tried a small
quantity of coffee, which caused severe
irritation and proved to me 1 must let
1t alone.
when We began using Postum it
seemed weak-that was because we
did not make 1t according to directions
but now we put little bit of but
ter in the pot when boiling and allow
the Postum to boil full Is minutes
which gives it the proper rich flavor
and the deep brown color.
II have advised a great many of
my friends and patients to leave off
coffee and drink Postum, in fact daily
give this advice" Name given by
Postum Co, Battle Creek. Mich.
Many thousands of physicians use
Postum in place of tea and coffee in
their own homes and prescribe it to
patients.
There's a reason" and it is explain
ed in the little book, THE Road to
MELVILLE" in pkgs.
Ever read the above letter. A new
one appears from time to time. They
are genuine, true, and fall of human
Interest.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Surgeon in Ancient Times.

High honorariums were paid sur
geons in ancient times. When Oar
fus, the son Of Hystaspes, sprained
his foot Damocedes was called in,
another surgeon of renown having
failed to effect a cure. Damocedes
was successful, and the king took him
to his harem and introduced the doc
tor to the ladies Of the court. The
ladies filled a vase of gold with money
and precious pearls, which a eunuch
was ordered to carry to the doctor.
The eunuch let fall the vase, and the
careful historian tells US that slaves
gathered up the pearls.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Ancient Deed Recorded.

Yellow with age and beginning to
fall apart where It had been folded
nearly 106 years ago. real estate
transfer was recorded at Cumberland
county registry recently by A. H..
Kilby of Freeport, who found the
document after long search among
old papers in his possession. 1t is
quite likely that never before in the
history of the county has 106 years
ELAPSED, as In this case. between the
time that deed was passed and the
time tnat It was recorded.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

it, or you may leave it. 1t does not
force itself rudely where it is not
wanted. 1t is reverent to all tempers
to all points of view. But it is willful
the very wind in the comings and
goings Of its influence, an uncaptur-
able fugitive, visiting our hearts at
vagrant, sweet moments; since even
before the greatest works of art we
often stand without being able quite
to lose ourselves! That restful oblivion
comes, we never quite know when
ssnd 1t is gone! But when it comes. 1t
Is a spirit lowering with cool wings,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Royalty has its difficulties" re-
marked the lord high keeper Of the
buttonhook.
Eyes" replied the uneasy monarch.
at has gotten so that a court function
finds it hard to compete with the
scenery and costumes of a big musical
show"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

The writing on the paper is quite
legible, although in places it is faded
somewhat and the old style writing
also has tendency to make the writ
ing hard to read, but as a whole the
document is In a fine state of preser-
walton for one of its age. The docu-
ment was dated October 1S, 1906
Portland Press.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

GLOW long have you been a widow,
Mrs. Weed?"
at will be a year the 4th OF next
month"
Dear me! Is 1t as long as that?
How time flies,"
ooh, do you think so? Well, II you
ever have to wait year TO look pleas
ant when men offer you attentions
you'll give up the idea that time is
much of a flyer"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
When Your EYES Need Care

Try Murine Eye Remedy. No Smarting--Feels
Eine-Acts Quickly. Try it for Red, Weak,
Watery Eyes and Granuated Eyelids. Illus
trated Book in each Package. Murine is
compounded by our Oculists-uut "Patent Med
icine"-but used in successful Physicians Prac-
dee for many years. Now dedicated to the Pub
lie and sold By Druggists at 25c and zoe per Bottle
Murine Bye Salye In Aseptic Tubes, 25c and &c.
Murine Eye Remedy Co., Chicago
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

son of the calVaria OF
the Neanderthal skull
with the correspond
ing part Of the Galley
Hill man will bring
out its peculiar fea-
lures. Both are very
long skulls, the Ne
anderthal being 203
nm, the Galley Hill
some 2 nm. more.
The great size
OF the supra-orbital
torus gives the fore
head of the Neander-
thai man a recedlng
appearance. -.
1t is a striking fact
that the brain had
reached, as regards
size, more than a
,,,odarn dnorea Of de-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
His Opportunity,

Going to Wombat's wedding, over
on the north side?"
mot l. / was engaged to that girl.
Wombat cut me out"
well, come to the wedding You
may get a chance to biff him in the
jaw with an old shoe"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Paxtine Antiseptic sprayed into the
nasal passages is q surprisingly sue
;essful remedy for catarrh. At drug
gists, 25c box or sent postpaid on re-
,eipt of price by The Paxton Toilet
Co., Boston, Mass.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

I'VE can always be sure of one
thing" said the wise man.
What is that?" asked the foolish
one
That we are never sure of any
thing"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Ouick Action.

Cook, did you stay long in your last
placer"
II never stays nowhere long enough
o be discharged. is one of these
leer freless cookers. Judge.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Simply Waiting.

'Dibbs is a confirmed pessimist."
Are you sure of that?"
quite sure He says he expects to hear any
day the booming of the first gun in a South Pole
controversy"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Needed II.

The Star-I must have real food in
the banquet scene tonight.
Hard Pressed Manager-Why?
The Star-Because Pm hungry.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Nearly every college graduate starts
out to set the world on fire, but 1t
seldom causes the insurance people
to sit up and take notice
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Doctor Endorses chlIdren's Remedy

Lostor EnuorSeS ONTdTens FeWEuy'
DR.. D. r. Rothrock, New Berlin, Pa,
writes that he has used kopp's Baby's
Friend with excellent results. He con-
elders it the best remedy for children.
Invaluable in Teethiug Troubles, Wind
Collie and Diarrhoea 8 sizes, 10c., 25c.,
50c., at druggists or sent direct. Kopp's
Babys Friend Co, York, Pa. Sample
by mail on request,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

blessing us, from least to greatest, ac-
cording to our powers; spirit death
less and varied as human life ITSELF
John Galesworthy in the Atlantic.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

frs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup for Children
eething, softens the gums, reduces inhamma'
ION, allays pain, cures wind collie, 25c bottle.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
URIC ACID
N lever CAUSED
RHEUM

WANT to prove it to your satisfaction.
If you have Rheumatism, acute or chronic
no matter what your condtion-write
today for my FREE BOOK on "RHEU-
NATIONALS Cause and Cure" Thousands
say 1t is 1.-THE most wonderful book evef
written" Don't send a stamp-it's ABB
SOLuTELY FREE.
JESSE a. CASE, Dept. II, Brockton, Mass.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Let me see, was Rome founded by
Romeo?"
mo, it was Juliet who was found
dead by Romeo"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

A man rises in his own estimation
when he settles down, and in the esti-
nation of his creditors when he set
ties up.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
We Can and We Do.

'It has been demonstrated that ws
IAN have plays without words"
Yes. Also that we can have plays
without actors"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Art.

Art is the great and universal re-
freshment. For art is never dogmatic;
holds no brief for itself: you may take
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
Over That Now.

Us their honeymoon over?"
81 guess so. She's stopped sitting
up for him when he's out late nights"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

~That horrible weather''-how pleasant IL
sally is when you are well Garfield Tea
clips always.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

The dyspeptic should choose care
fully what he chews carefully.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

l Some people are such sticklers for
)rm that they expect Dame Fortune
remember their lat home" days.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

The woman who doesn't care who
nows her age is never over twenty
We.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

Unsightly eruptions disappear aftera course
Of Garfield Tea.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

A friend In word is not always a
friend in deed.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
20 DRIVE OUT MALARIA :.

AND BUILD lP THE SYSTEM
Take the Old Standard GROVES TASpELESS
HILL TONIC. You know what You are taking.
he formula is ainly printed on every bottle,
howing IL is Simply uinine u Iron in q tasteless
orIn, and the mos Ell tual form For grown
eople a.-d chill IL cents
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17

-uuxy f ALL the evidence holds good
!. !. !:
~ and in the opinion OF those quail
N~A fed to judge this is likely to be
NA IENN the case-a skeleton recently
"a jMhU duy I'D near Ipswich, England, rep
WKA-Ae6W resents not only the earliest re-
r&SsM mains of man yet found in Eng
EHSST land, but, with the exception OF
1AAf the Heidelberg jaw, the earliest
IU(u yet found in Europe. The modern
nv V type of man was evolved before
ny "a - the commencement of the glacial
W/tTblk.A period At least it is now certain
n E8NIIaSsGE that thousands of years before the
Neanderthal race fourished in
South Germany, Belgium and France, England
was occupied by race Of men which in Dulu OF
body and form of brain were Of the modern type
About mile north OF Ipswich England is sit
uated a brick field which is famous to biologists
for the very ancient quaternary and tertiary de-
posits which have been exposed by the eXcaVa-
tons of the London clay for brickmaking. These
deposits, which are given in the descending order,
are:
Chalky boulder clay,
Middle glacial sand and gravel
DeCacifed red crag,
London clay,
Woolwch and Reading beds,
Thanet sand.
For some six years past l. Reid NOR, OF Fps
wich, has been collecting flint implements from
the beds above the London clay and, reailzlhg
the Importance Of finding human bones in any
of these deposits. had carefully instructed the
workmen to communicate Immediately with him
should such relics turn up.
A few months ago he notified that one OF
the workmen, while removing some OF the decaci-
fed boulder clay to get at the underlying glacial
sand, had found a portion Of human skull, and
on going down to the pit discovered that this
indeed was the case. AS two bones could be seen
projecting from the vertical face of the section at
depth of about feet from the surface Mr.. Moir,
accompanied by three friends interested in
archaeology and geology, went down on the fol-
lowing afternoon TO the pit and superintendent the
digging out of the remainder of the skeleton.
AS most careful examination OF the hard clay
above the remains showed that no digging had
ever taken place on this spot before 1t was recog
nzed that the find an important one, and
every care was taken in removing the everything
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1912-05-17
HERE is HER OWN STATEMENT.

Paw Paw, MICH" Two Years az
very severely with a displacement :
be on my feet for a long time. y
treated me for several months witho
lief, and at last sent me to Ann Arl
GRAFTON. [ was there four weeks and
suffering worse than before. My nc
me to try Lydia Z. Pinkham's Yes
pound, and l nd. To-day l am wei
and do all my own housework. l ov
to Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable &c
advise every woman who is atflict
female complaint to try Mrs. Or
r. r. No. 5, Paw Paw, Mich.
Gunnison news-champion., 1912-01-12
E. 2. q.

Under the direction of the retiring
advisor, Mrs. Lillian Rack. an inter
esting program of entertainment was
rendered at last Fridays meeting Of
the Equitable Fraternal Union. An
unique luncheon was served, pre-
pared from contributions Of men,
bers, none of whom was permitted
TO give more than ten cents worth OF
any one article Of food. The follow
ing predominated at the luncheon:
sauer kraut, Clipped beef, Waldorf
salad, salted sprays. cakes, wafer.,
stuffed dates. apples, nut. and tea.
Gunnison news-champion., 1912-01-12

Prof. Henry L. Richter of the Nor
mol returned Sunday from Chicago
whese he attended the annual art
show. He declares it takes only q
trip away from Gunnison during the
wiatef season for one to appreciate
To ideal weather we have here. 1t
wes disAerceably cold in Chicago he
saya, aad the same was true Of
Denvcs, where he stopped of for a
few hosrs on Saturday The pro-
lessor said that he was glad indeed
to 81 bsck.
Gunnison news-champion., 1912-01-12

oaae css~a. fsslAp E.ssasriy. I1s~
oAso cs~s&. R~.sv s Cs~&s. Upver
G~a~ssos, isoser Csrpsssss. 6Aps-
ssso. He@ Fasss. Cassie csssa: c.
y. 0aUsaoaa. hs.sss csssk. =. r
hssossosa. lols.
Gunnison news-champion., 1912-01-12
4uAv's ~

Gunsison cosnty vs. visited Sea-
day By shs wildest s.owstorn Of the
sessoa. For .esriy twenty .fosr
hosrs snow fell costin sossly iscssss-
iAe in quantity Of fall - night iell.
High wisds prevailed throughout
the night, blowing the snow into
drifts. So0e difficulty wss ex-
perienced in handling trains, pArtic-
slsrly on Marshall psss. Delays re-
sslted but no serious interruption
WAS caused. Monday the day broke
clear and bright. with the sun shin
ing. Shedding WAS resorted to by
ranchmen for the first time this
season.
Gunnison news-champion., 1912-01-12
- - 49,

rh~ s~p ysss dsss # she
.ass'sd folks % FridAs H,sAs ~
- WesAnsa hsA hsos0hs ssQsshss
ossy eA - ssAuae A~ainnD - cd
sAsis visss vke Usss ~ W a ske
sSss socssily ssssssl ysass go.
"wky, In s~spssssA ~ - Voc
oss" wss sss euonoa ssaast fsoa
oss H. the eshsr - she O~ssss Il she
aassisd lsSiss taGsa " ke i.se ske
ksll ~ nine o'cleck cad tkss ell CO.
jcyed ths9selvss wss evidsUs in ske
isCs sAss everybody danesd III she
tiuss.
Asyoae Who sAi.ks sAaa narriaGe
be- . tssAsecy 70 nshe Osssssna
psspas kao sAsw yesshssl.sss sAe~A
hsss hssa pssss.s shsa siGhs. la
tss saos a sAs sssiA psAss>sosliss
hsoaas - iaAssA wisA - spisis q
sAs ssssssins sAss sAsy bsbhisA esss
~ 80 Vsist Ts~s nssuhsl Sss-
sia0s eesssssd - ~ sssss, sAisk-
~ - ~ sssvisss wsss sss6sA.
~ - ssssA sssA . jesly ssssd -
oaAasA - - sss1 0sAcAiae ~
danssss ~ ssas aiaA sai1iAG -
~ lsAiD - ssUiaG - - - -
sew s0ass.
nssciaG sassiessA saaa ssssay
oiAsi0AA. wAsa ss6sssAossD wsss
psvsl. sseA lsAy ssassaiaG ~
pssssss :, Asswisg 1ssa . - Il
IT, ssSiA AisappssSssos 4 eu1ss.
sssAvicAss saA che, sssvsl =
tsAso u ~ ssssson@s. bas tssAi-
.a.g - - vio.ssss sssssias ~
- ~ ieA.aGs1 - b 90,
sgssAiaG oildoy. - Il ~ happissa
sasiss - .s.y yssss u 0sssisos's =
socisa god si~ss.