The Washington herald., 1912-03-17


among lower mammals. but we fnd the same
thing on comparing the doings OF higher races
OF man with those OF lower races II we take
any one Of the major ends achieved. we see
greater completeness OF achievement of,rela-
lively numerous minor ends suhservtnE major
ends Is II nutrition? The food is obtained
more regularly In response to appetite; Il II
far higher In quality; It IL free from Dirt; II
Is greater In VARIETY It is better prepared.
. =
Adjustment of Acts.
lis II warmth The character of the
articles and the forms Of the articles used
for clothing and the adaptations Of tftem 20
requirements from day TO day and hour to
hour are much superior. Is II In dwellings?
Between the shelter of boughs end grass
which the lowest savage builds and the man
sion OF the civilized man. the contrast In
aspect is not more extreme than 10 the con-
trast In number and efficiency of the adjust
ment of acts to ends betrayed In their re-
spective construction
And when with the ordinary activities OF
the savage we compare the ordinary CIV
llzed activites-as the business of the trad
er, which involves multiplied and complex
transactions extending over long periods.
or as professional avocations prepared for
by elaborate studies and daily carried on In
endlessly varied forms. or as political dis
cussions and agitations. directed now to the
carrying Of this measure and now to the de-
feating Of that-we see sets Of adjustments
Of acts to ends. not only immensely exceed
ing those seen among lower races Of men In
variety and intricacy. but sets to which the
lower races OF men present nothing analo-
gous. And along with this greater elabora-
tion Of life. produced by the pursuit OF more
numerous ends, there goes that increased
duration Of life which constitutes the su-
preme end"
The increasing adjustment OF acts to ends
not only prolongs life It furthers increased
amount OF life. One man may live more In
one day than another does IN a hundred days
" The difference between the average lengths
Of the lives OF savage and civilized. IL no
true measure OF the difference between the
totalities OF their two lives considered a.
aggregates Of thought. feeling and action"
Life Is estimated by multiplying length by
breadth.
Whether a man make excellence Of physi-
cal being or virtuousness of action or some
lesser motive his standard. he will the nearer
reach perfection in It the larger number and
the more perfect his adjustments Of means
TO ends
The greater social workers OF today fnd
that the trouble with present day society In
which some have too much and many hsre
too little OF nearly all desirable thingA IN
cluding final health and happiness Is that
there are maladJustments. Men Of great nat
urab ability are often found to be as helpless
In their environment as the lower animal
forms are in theirs.
Spencer considers conduct FROM the physl-
cal view the biological view. the psychologi-
cal view. the sociological view. From the
physical standpoint man displays in his
conduct far more coherent combinations OF
motions than does the lowly organized crea-
ture In the latter. successive portions are
but feebly connected, but in the higher there
Is hrmer connection. q more determined or
der and the actions OF one day become related
to those OF the next. finally dependent sets
OF motions form dependent series extending
over q considerable perioS.
Nothing is more vital 10 the progress of
man than to form just such dependent series.
The longer the series the more eficient a man
is he. He has not only adjusted himself to
the present but TO the future, having always
due regard 10 the future IN what he does in
the present. as the man Of Iowly organized
mind does not