Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1912-10-04

OF $bO,0UO year. The society also mas
the disposal of the income from larg-
er capital, which has been left to II in
the form Of inheritances destined to be
devoted to the work Of the organiza-
tion, as well as other resources.
This society devotes itself entirely
to advancing the interests Of French
agriculture, but is In no way a COM
mercial undertaking. It is afiliated
with local societies throughout the
country Of every kind and description
societies for the encouragement of
horse or cattle breeding, bee culture,
wine growing, poultry raising, corn
growing, fruit raising, organizations
for the development Of dairy produce
and so forth. These provincial organ
izations number, on the average, eight
to each department, some departments
possessing only three or four, while
others have fifteen or twenty. Each Of
these societies devotes itself to ad-
vancing that branch of agriculture to
which 1t belongs. This is done by or
ganizing cattle shows, arranging lee
lures and publishing bulletins and re-
ports giving the latest information on
agricultural subjects.
The holding of cattle shows In
France is undertaken by the govern
ment as far as concerns the two great
national shows, which are held In Paris
every year-the fat-stoek show in De-
cember and the summer show In June
and the eight great shows which are
held in the provinces every year. These
eight shows are held In different de-
partments every year, so that once In
every ten years each Of the eighty-six
departments into which France Is d.
vided is assured Of being the scene Of
one Of the shows. AS this period is too
prolonged, however, and interest in
this section of agricultural activity
would be apt to droop, the two great
agricultural societies themselves take
in hand the organization Of additional
shows In various parts Of the country:
In addition to these larger shows the
local societies. Of course, hold their
own purely local exhibitions, which
are naturally of less important ma
ture.
The lecturers provided by the So
ciete Agriculteurs are not mere pro-
fessional speakers, but are recruited
from among the most eminent mem
bers of the society. The local society
to whose members the lectures are
delivered pays the travelling expenses
of the lecturer, while the society gives
the sum of twenty francs (sD as fee
for each lecture. Each Of the local So
cieties throughout France Is represent
ed in the mother society by its presi-
dent, who usually attends the national
congress of agriculture held each year
under the auspices Of the society.
AS by its charter the Societe des Ag-
riculteurs des France cannot undertake
commercial business, 1t has founded
alongside itself an institution known
as the Union Centrale does Syndicats,
to which over 5000 Of the commercial
syndicates, or agricultural trading as
sociations, belong. These syndicates
are organized by communes, or par
ishes, or, in cases where the communes
are in themselves too small, by cam
tons, or official groupings Of COM
munes. They deal on a cooperative
and mutual basis with every kind of
agricultural produce-horses, cattle,
poultry, eggs. butter, grain, wine, fruit,
vegetables, etc. These syndicates col
lect the produce Of their members, pass
1t in review, make the necessary selec-
tions and gradings and dispatch 1t to
the various suitable centres Of sale
throughout the country. Only produce
of thoroughly good class is accepted.
Anything inferior is sold locally. AS
q consequence, the fact that produce Is
handled by the syndicate gives 1t a
kind Of trademark and guaranty of
excellence. In this respect the meth
ods Of the syndicate are very strict A
member who forwarded to the syndi-
cate, for sale, consignment of eggs,
for example, which afterwards proved
to be defective would not only lose
the value Of the eggs sent out In such
circumstances by the syndicate, but
would also be fined for having pretu-
diced the syndicate by causing 1t to sell
inferior produce. The Union Centrale
des Syndicats in Paris centralizes all
the business Of these provincial syndi-
Gates and acts as disinterested inter-
mediary in carrying out transactions
between one syndicate and another.
Such in its main outline is the scope
of the activity Of the Societe des Agri-
culteurs de France. The second agri-
cultural society Is the Societe Nation
ale de Encouragement de PAgricul-
ture. This Is presided over by Mon
sieur Emile Loubet, the ex-president OF
the French republic. Its organization
and objects are very similar to those
Of the Societe des Agriculteurs. 1t mas
its commercial section-the Syndicate
Central d'Agriculture In Paris, which
acts for a national headquarters Ior
such syndicates as do not belong to the
other union of syndicates. The reason
for the existence of two societies work.
ing apparently on parallel lines Is po-
liticai. The Societe des Agriculteurs
de France includes among its members
many Of the great French landowners,
and as the French aristocracy Is still
to a great extent based on landown-
ing, this has given somewhat reac-
tionary tinge to the Societe des Agri-
culteurs. AS consequence 1t does not
stand very high in the favor OF the
French government, and receives no
subsidy or subvention Of any kind from
it. 1t was with a view to counteract
the reactionary political influence OF
the Societe des Agriculteurs that the
Societe Nationale de Encouragement
de Horticulture was founded. 1t has,
however, nothing like the same infiu-
ence in the provinces as the older So
ciety, but has the ear and the support
of the government to a much greater
extent.
Will Stand by Wiley.-It is rather in
teresting to hear Gov. Wilson, who mas