davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-10-06
Greek Is Not a Dead Language

to get him past the inspectors who are
trying TO enforce the laws against con-
tract laborers and youths under sixteen
unaccompanied by their parents. Once
landed at the Battery. ignorance guar
antees that the boys viii faithfully serve
their master. Now begins their daily
round OF servitude. Rising shortly after
. o'clock, breakfasting on dry bread and
black coffee, they open their places or
work by $3.50. At noon they, one by one,
disappear behind a partition or down
stairs for a moment 10 hurriedly snatch
4 lunch OF bread and cheese or olives.
In the evening, AT $3.50 or 1Q-later on
Saturdays and Suudays-they close the
doors and finish the days work by
polishing the fixtures and hopping up the
floors and marble stands.
After that they are free 20 go TO their
wretched lodgings and prepare a stew for
their sumptuous chief meal. Too tired
often to pull off more than coat and
shoes, they pack themselves like sardnes
into their crowded beds for few hours
OF sitting oblivion before the next weary
day. Seven days in the week they worss
watched by the crafty padrone or hfS
relative isolated from their countrymen,
prevented from learning the English Ian
guage as far as possible, kept In such
complete ignorance that II is not uncom-
mon 10 find Greek bootblacks who have
lived here for upward Of three years and
yet know nothing OF the city beyond
their shop, their quarters and the streets
they must traverse in getting from one TO
the other
"For this they receive from $50 up TO
maximum Of $3.50 year. average
wages running from $40 TO $1sC. together
with such food and lodging as we have
described and the additional privilege et
buying old clothes from the padrone az
three times their value
They do not receive their tips, even.
Such living and working conditions az
feet their health and they nave been
brought to the attention OF the federal
government. The basis OF this system or
slavery is the Greek dowry custom. The
offer Of the padrone is so much greater
than the boy can earn In Greece that BIS
parents are glad TO make the contract in
order to provide for their daughters the
necessary marriage portion. Between
Sc, 100000 and 100000 goes back to Greece
each year, it is said. and the Greeks APP
pear to prosper They do not. however,
come in close contact with American life.
Only a few are naturalized. The league
last year organized a school for walters
and omnibus men" who desired TO learn
English, and recently this was taken over
by the Board of Education. The Greeks
are avid for education. and 1t has been
suggested that moro opportunities should
be provided for teaching them English.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-10-06

Jealous OF their reputation. They may
differ as 10 the wisdom OF particular pro-
posals. II the difference results In gem
eral exchange OF views between members
OF the Legislature and the executive, al
though the result may not be In detail
what either desires, but something that
meets their common judgment, tho public
has been benefited.
IF to the public view the differences
OF opinion assume the form OF night
between an executive and a lawmaking
body, and those observing tho contest
divide themselves between friends and
enemies Of the executive, the effect or
tho law, no matter what II Is, Is largely
lost. The people speak through repre-
sentatives in lawmakinS bodies their
opinions az 10 what laws should he
passod. The executive does his best
duty when he gives his full efforts after
recommendation 10 the carrying out or
laws.
"The influence OF an executive through
the power Of appointment and the solicit
tude on the part Of Legislators lest the
executive veto some measure OF theirs
because they do not approve proposed
measures OF his have resulted III the
exercise OF influence by executives never
contemplated By the orisinators OF the
Constitution. When the public appears
TO demand something whether II actual
liz does or not, the demand IL for instant
action.
"In the eyes OF the people the eXecu-
tive then appears az the instrument for
accomplishment. He Is. indeed, In way,
that instrument, and a most forceful one.
II his Official authority and personal In
fluence are combined and he employs
every leverage that he can TO influence
those who may differ with him officially,
the result he seeks is apt to be accom-
plfshed. IL Is accomplished on account
OF the pressure he Is able to exercise on
individuals, the benefits are not per-
rnanent, because there Will be another
executive and another Legislature. If the
results represent a combination OF the
legislative mind and executive opinion.
the result will be moro permanent ana
more beneficial.
"Tbe influence of patronage and power
Of veto. the readiness OF the public to
listen 10 the utterances Of an executive,
a single individual. rather than to the
opinions OF legislator. one or num-
Der. make his actual influence tremen-
dous. The balance between the executive
and the legislative branches has been de-
stroyed in practice. if not In theory.
Anv one who expects that an executive
with full knowledge OF his official au-
thority, alive to all that may be accom-
plIshed by It and exhilarated by pubic
applause or demand, as the case may be,
can be literally and finally impersonal
and devoid OF every human characteristic.
expects much. IL the public can secure
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-10-06

their representatives chosen by them
selves until such representatives prove
unworthy Of trust. Organization ana
centring OF responsibility have become an
affirmative force In every activity or
life 1t IS so in politics naturally. When
men in responsible positions OF party
management are truly representative they
are In name and in fact leaders. These
leaders are entitled 10 commentator. APP
plause and all proper honor TO which the
party may see ~ 70 advance them.
when they deviate from the standard OF
leadership and reflect only their personal
opinions and exercise their delegated au-
thority without reference TO their repre-
sentative capacity, they are properly des-
!gnated az bosses. with all the opprobrum
attached to that word. IL does not mean
necessarily that a man is a boss because
no is called a boss. The reasons for his
conduct are not always known. The as
sistance which a political leader can rem
der through his wide acquaintance In the
representative position he occupies forces
many demands upon him. His ability to
bring about nominations, his indorse-
ments which secure appointments. and
the multitude of instances in which he
may sestow favor, render him peculiarly
liable to attack. When party feeling is
not running high the personal equation is
apt TO control. When the number OF dis
appointed exceeds the number who an
ticipate personal advantage, the so-called
boss is dethroned.
This leaves out Of consideration tho
ntaf M
Tho very number OF his opportunities to
make money from his knowledge OF con-
ditions and hts demand for rcciprocation
of fayors conferred, the leader, or. rath-
or the boss, Is liable to a severer criu-
c,sm than that accorded men I'm a less
nubI,o positlon and with less responsible
,ty. This may or may not be just II IL
!, fac, II Is a risk that the leader or
hoss assumes. and one which il is child
isb and unmanly for him TO seek to
avoid. A common sense view taken or the
conduct OF leaders and bosses would re-
move much o. the hysteria that attaches
IN tho use OF these two words
lust how far do YOU think an execu-
two should 60" asked the caller. ''in
seeking to influence the Legislature with
which he Is associated?
Legislation, according to law" replied
Mr. Hedges SHOULD originate in legis-
latures. The executive has done his fun
duty when he makes clear and explicit
recommendations 20 the law making body
az 10 what he considers will insure an
Improvement OF conditions. Upon the
adoption OF his suggestions, IL they de-
velop 10 be wise. he. Of course. receives
and should receive popular commentator.
"Men in legislative bodies are equally
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-10-06
Continued from fourth page.

yerted every available piece OF ground into
T. vineyard for the cultivation or grape
which should supply the shortage. Per-
haps fifteen years ago the French I'M
ported from the United States grape
stock that was immune TO the disease
caused by the louise, and. grating Their
vines upon Il, solved their problem. This
left the Greeks without a market for IL
crop for which they had sacrificed every
thing.
Then emigration to America set In. II
Is estimated that Of the 10000 Greeks
who came hither In the nrst decade OK this
century nearly all were men In the prime
OF life Not more than onc-third OF these
men we're married and very few OF them
brought their wives with them. There
were approximately no more than ten
thousand females In the total NUMBER
Threc-quarters OF the Greeks are abe
TO read. and. az we have seen. are very
much attached to their language In its
written FORM
According 10 the survey Of the North
American Civic League, there are more
They are divided into half dozen col
onies. The largest is that to be found
in the territory bounded by 18th and Al
streets and Sixth and Ninth avenues
In this region live many factory workers
and the "omnbuses' and walters VINO
arc found in the hotels OF the clties'
There Is a group Of pushcart peddlers
on either side OF 18th street. between FIRST
avenue and Avenue 3, and two residential
groups one on East Soth street. between
Second and Third avenues. and announcer
on Amsterdam avenue. between 6oth ana
Goth streets. There are also Greeks IN
The Bronx, and a number OF lodging
houses for the transient immigrant on
the West Side, Just above the Battery
The chief centre Of social life is inc
coffee house. Here the Greek gets ms
mall and looks for employment when III
need OF It. It is a centre of news ana
gossip. lie enjoys talking, and does so
for hours at a time with relish that
ia interesting to writer's. AS a criminal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1912-10-06

an approximation to normal conditions II
does well. The SOLDERING effect OF re-
snonsible authority. the desire TO meri.
the favorable verdict Of calm mindea
men, the level headed Judgment which
discriminates between applause and ap-
proyal. have brought tho general stand
ard Of American executives to q level
to which the people can point WIN
pride"
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
CROWDS AT SYLVAN LAKE.

Sylvan Lake, one of the wonders Of
the world, is at last coming into its own.
Throughout the season the hotel has
been crowded, the cottages have been
filled, and much to his regret the hos
pitable manager, Mr.. Carroll, has been
compelled to say to several tourists that
they must remain for the night in Gus
ter.
1t is probable that much of the pros
perity enjoyed at Sylvan Lake is due to
the work of the boosters who have been
making advertising trips about the State.
In former seasons the patronage of tour
lists has not been what such beauty
spot and ideal summer resort is entitled
to, but Mr.. Carroll has never lost faith
in the final results and has continued to
keep the hotel mp to its high standard.
This summer has justified his faith and
as it was only necessary for the place to
be sufficiently advertised to bring tour
lists for first view who can be trusted to
give their friends an enthusiastic account
of the Black Hills wonderful scenery
and climate, the future of Sylvan Lake is
assured.-Lead Call.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
GAME PRESERVE I'm
SOUTHERN HILLS

A game preserve at Wind Cave, con
tanning buffalo, elk, deer and Other
kindred wild game, long sought by the
residents OF the Black Hills as an attrac'
tion as well as means of perpetuating
these animals is now an assured fact.
Thanks to the efforts of Congressman E.
w. Martin.
Mr.. Martin has been at work for some
time on the agricultural appropriation
bill which has just become a law by the
signature of President Taft, to have in
serted an item creating the Wind Cave
National Reserve. In this he was sue
cessful and not only was the reserve
created, but an appropriation of $26, 900
was made which is available at once and
until it is used.
1t is proposed to commence work on
this Reserve at once and to rush it to
completion. A portion OF the Wind
Cave grounds will be surrounded by a
suitable fence and the water system will
be put in shape making it an ideal home
for wild game. The American Bison
society has offered to donate thirty head
of buffalo, the monarch of the plains,
which is fast becoming extinct, and ar
rangements are being completed for the
transfer of elk, deer and other game.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
/ DAKOTA. SATURDAY. AUGUST 81, 1912.
HURON SPECIAL.

Recent entries for exhibition space in
all departments of the State Fair have
accum ulated 80 rapidly that it is reason
able to expect the 1912 Exposition will
be of mammoth proportions. Superin-
tendent Gurney reports that the Horti-
cultural department will have more and
heavier exhibits than ever before and
that the Horticultural Hall will be crowd
ed to the limit. The entire north and
south wings will be occupied by County
and private exhibits. The State College
will occupy the east wing with a COM
plete display of Hansen's new plums
and other fruits. Professor Hansen will
demonstrate his new fruit improve
ments and his recent Alfalfa progress.
In this wing the College will also con-
duct school in the art of budding and
grating fruit trees.
The space in the Dairy building is al
ready all spoken for. Farm separators
will be exhibited and souvenirs given
away. Booths will be conducted by
various creamery supply houses. The
State Dairy expert will run a model
cream buying station and will give dem
onstrations of testing milk and cream.
The Dairy Husbsndry Department of
the State College will present modern
silo and silage. Various kinds of silage
will be exhibited in glass jars. Profess
sor Larsen will also exhibit model forms
for building concrete silos and give visi-
tors information on building all kinds Of
silos.
Superintendents of the Machinery,
Poultry, Sheep and Swine, Horse and
Cattle departments, report an increasing
number of exhibitors from wide range
of territory. The Fair is growing far be-
yond the hopes of the most enthusiastic
members of the State Board of Agricul-
ture, and this is duly appreciated by
outside exhibitors. Several machinery
companies will increase last years dis
play by four times. Others will double
their exhibits. Over ninety machinery
companies have already entered for
space, representing practically every
state east of the Missouri river. Thirty
or more acres are available for the great
blowing contest, feature not possible at
many other great State Fairs.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
ARGYLE AGATES.


ARGYLE, Aug. 30, 1912.
Jack Chambers was south bound
passenger Monday night.
Henry Sager returned home from Hot
Springs Saturday morning.
Mrs. Charles Francis, of Lead, spent a
few days last week with her sister, Mrs.
W. K. Angelo.
Most far mers are stacking their grain
this week. 1t surely is a sight, we'll
worth serious thought, by those who
are trying to disparage the country to
see the stacks of golden wealth that re.
quites the man who makes the effort to
till the soil. Half hearted effort gets
half hearted results this year with a +.
But the man who got next to the heart
of his land can rejoice with full heart
and full granary too, for the soil has
responded many fold for the labor ex.
pended upon it. In farming. as IN any
other business, man gets paid for just
what he does, for the thought and la.
Dor expended. How small measure oi
success would We accord to the mer.
chant who just hung out his sign and
then let things run themselves2 Yet
how many farmers do just about thai
same thing. They have got the sign
out and they need it too, else no one
would suspect that farming was done a,
that place and that is the extent of theil
effort to boom (P) the country. Meet
those same men in town and they will
tell you at length, with all the minor de-
tails, why this is not farming country
II half of the time and energy used in
hammering the country had been ex
pended in hammering the soil they
would disprove their own arguments.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
The progressive" Party

Is the individual, man or woman, who
uses Foley Kidney Pills for backache,
rheumatism, weak back, and other kid
ney and bladder irregularities. Foley
Kidney Pills are healing, strengthening,
tonic, and quick to produce beneficial
results. Contain no harmful drugs.
Never sold In bulk. Put up in two sizes
in sealed bottles. The genuine in vel.
low package. A. ]. Jones.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31

Otis Button, who went to the harvest
fields in the eastern part of the State
some two weeks ago, to make his for
tune, returned home last Saturday even.
ing. A telegram from Forest Supervisor
lines. of Custer, offering him position
in the Forest Service was the cause of
his return. He left for Custer Monday.
During his short stay in the East he
was laid up with felon on one of his
fingers.-Buffalogap Gazette.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
The Trials Of a Traveller.

81 am travelling salesman" writes
E. E. Youngs, E. Berkshire, VT, and
was often troubled with constipation
and indigestion till / began to use DR..
Kings New Life Pills, which / have
found an excellent remedy" For all
stomach, liver or kidney troubles they
are unequaled. Only 25c at All Drug
gists.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
State Normal School
SPEARFISH, S. DAKOTA
School Year 1928

Thirty teachers fine laboratories, delightful study and
class rooms, of the best school Libraries in any
This school teaches all subjects from the first to the fourteen
tn years. inclusive. All the commercial subjects included
in the and taught better than commercial
colleges the being far less you thorough prep
aration in shorthand ypewrng bookkeeping business ah
metc any commercial subject in the entire M get here
From the multitude of subjects student frame any
course of study he may desire to take.
Special attention given to music both vocal and nstru
mena to literary society work, debating and eocuion,
drawing cooking sewing agriculture manual training ply
scal training and health
This school prepares students for the third year in
College Fifty colleges and universities have sgnied their
intention of accepting work done here, hour for hour.
This school trains teachers for rural school work. grade
work, high school work, and village princpalshps with
thoroughness that has given it high reputation in many
states.
Second grade certificates good throughout the state is
sued completion of second year work. first grade cer-
Gates completion of fourth year work. life certificates
completion of sixth year work.
Rooms and board in Woman's Hall at cost Total
pense of student for entire need not exceed $780,
Nearly all other schools but few anywhere
are better at any cost
For further information for caalog address
F. l. COOK, Pres, Spearfsh, So. Oak.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31

Weather prophets are foretelling ex-
tremely hot weather with severe thun-
der storms for the forepart ofSeptember.
They are looking for no frosts until
October.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
FOURTH YEAR ADDED TO

FOURTH YEAR ADDED TO
HIGH SCHOOL COURSE.
Below is the course of study for the
Custer City High School for the coming
school year. The addition of the fourth
years work is fortunate thing for the
young people of the vicinity, and it is
now possible that majority of the class
of 1911 will re-enter school this fall to
take up the work now offered. The
course by grades is:
FRESHMAN YEAR.
English.
Algebra.
Anct. History.
Commercial Arith. Zone semester).
Bookkeeping lone semester).
SOPHOMORE YEAR.
English.
Plane Geometry.
Med.-Mod. History.
Photography.
| JUNIOR YEAR.
English.
Algebra Zone semesterJ.
Solid Geometry Zone semester).
Eng. History.
Physics.
SENIOR YEAR.
| English.
Senior Reviews.
Am. History and Civics.
Commercial Law.
Besides these there will be some cleo
tives, which will be announced at school
The course has been arranged in stric
conformity with the State High Schoo
Course, and at the same it has been sc
planned that no pupil will be obliged tc
take up again any study that he hal
thoroughly completed.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
GOES In AUTO BLUE BOOK.

State Engineer Samuel II. Lea, oil
Pierre, was in the city for short time
Tuesday. He was making a trip over
the new automobile road from Dead
wood to Hot Springs via Pactola, Hill
City and Custer. He had heard of the
excellence of this road and on the trip
took number of views for the purpose
of describing it fully in illustrated ar
tic,ss for technical road magazines in
the east, and to log it in the Automobile
Blue Book. This latter work is ofgreat
importance from the tourist view as it
furnishes those in other sections of the
country the most minute description of
the road, distances, bad spots, accommo-
dations, etc. This will appear in the
next number of that book which is used
by auto tourists all over the United
States and is the recognized authority
on roads.
Mr.. Lea is good road enthusiast and
was much gratified at the manner in
which this section has taken hold of the
good road project. He was accom-
panied by II. c. Osterman and George
Porter of Deadwood, and James Graham
of Hill City. Robt. McAdam joined the
party in this city and accompanied them
to Hot Springs.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1912-08-31
MAKES NO MATERIAL GRANGE.

I MAKES NO MATERNAL CHANHE.
County Auditor Coe has received the
report of the work of the recent sitting
of the State Board of Equalization show
ing that no material change has been
made in the valuation of property as re.
turned by the Custer county board of
equalization. The only change was in
the valuation of agricultural tools, inn
plements and machinery, which has
been raised 10 per cent.
The figures of the report show that
the total valuation in the County is as
follows: