Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1912-12-06

tatives: The foreign relations Of tn,
United States actually and potentially at
feet the state Of the Union to a degree
not .yidely realized and hardly surpassed
BY any other factor In the welfare Of
the whole nation. The position Of The
United States ia the moral, intellectual
and material relations Of the family Of
nations should be a matter of vital inter
est to every patriotic citizen. The nation.
al prosperity and power impose upon us
duties which we cannot shirk II we are
70 be true 10 our ideals. The tremendous
growth OF the export trade of the United
States has already made that trade a
very real factor IN the industrial and
commercial prosperity OF the country
With the development Of our industries
the foreign commerce of the United States
must rapidly become g.. still more es-
sentlal factor In its economic welfare.
Whether we have a far-seeing and wise
diplomacy and are not recklessly plunged
into unnecessary wars, and whether our
foreign policies are based upon an intel
ligsHt grasp Of present-day world con-
ditions and clear view Of the potentiali-
ties OF the future, or are. governed by a
temporary and timid expediency or by
narrow views BETTING an infant nation,
are questions In the alternative consider
alton OK which must convince any
thoughtful citizen that no department Of
national policy offers greater opportunity
for promoting the interests Of the whole
people on the one hand, or greater chance
on the other Of permanent national In
jury, than that which deals with the for
,eign relations Of the United States.
The fundamental foreign policies Of the
fTmtfna ul, Al 49, bfo6 uhOun
the conflict OF partisanship and wholly
ASSOCIATED from differences as to domes-
tic policy In its foreign affairs the
United States should present to the world
a united front The intellectual, financial
and industrial interests of the country
and the publicist, the wage Garner, the
farmer, and citizen Of whatever occupa-
ton must cooperate in spirit Of high
patriotism to promote that national soil
darity which is indispensable to national
efficiency and to the attainment Of ma
tional ideals
The relations Of the United States with
all foreign powers remain upon sound
basis Of peace, harmony and friendship.
A greater insistence upon justice to Amer
lean citizens or interests wherever 1t may
have been denied and a stronger empha-
sis OF the need Of mutually In CONNER
cial and other relations have only served
to strengthen our friendships with for
eign countries by placing those friend
ships upon a firm foundation of realities
as well as aspirations.
Before briefly reviewing the more inn
-potant events of the last year in our for
eign relations, which 1t is my duty to do
as charged with their conduct and be-
cause diplomatic affairs are not of ma
tuer to make 1t appropriate that the sec
retary OF state make formal annual re-
port, / desire to touch upon some of the
essentials to the safe management of the
foreign relations of the United States and
to endeavor also, to define clearly certain
concrete policies which are the logical
modern corrolaries Of the undisputed and
traditional fundamentals Of the foreign
policy OF the United States.
Reorganization Of the State Depart
ment.
At the beginning Of the present ad-
the United States, having
fully entered upon it's position as world
power, with the responsibilities thrust
upon II By the results Of the Spanish
American war, and already engaged nj
laying the groundwork of a vast foreign
trade upon which it should one day be-
come more and more dependent, found
Itself without the machinery for giving
attention to, and taking effec-
tive action upon, a mass of intricate bus
mess vital to American interests in every
country IN the world.
The deparement Of state was an archaic
and inadequate machine lacking most Of
the attributes Of the foreign office Of any
great modern power. With an appropria-
don made upon my recommendation by
the congress on August 5, 1909, the de-
partment Of state was completely reor-
ganlzed.
They were created divisions of Latin
American affairs and of far eastern.
lear eastern, and western European
lffairs 10 these divisions were called
from the foreign service diplomatic and
consular officers possessing experience
ind knowledge gained by actual serv
ce in different parts of the world and
nus familiar with political and com
nercial conditions In the regions con-
serned The work was highly special
xed The result is that where previ-
,usly this government from time to
lime would emphasize in its foreign
relations one or another policy, now
American interests in every quarter of
he globe are being cultivated with
equal assiduity
Merit System In Consular and DipIo-
matte Corps.
Expert knowledge and professional |
must evidently be the essence !
II this reorganization. Without a
rained foreign service there would |
lot be men available for the work In |
he reorganized department Of state, |
President Cleveland has taken the first |
tep toward introducing the merit |
Iystem in the foreign service That |
lad been followed by the application |,
Il the merit principle, with excellent |
esults, to the entire consular branch. |
Almost nothing. however, had been
done in this direction with regard |
o the diplomatic service. In this age |
'f commercial diplomacy 1t was evil
emily OF the first Importance to train |
IN adequate personnel in that branch |
Il the service. Therefore, on Novem-
Ter rs. 1909 by an executive order |
,laced the diplomatic service up to |
he grade Of secretary of embassy, In |
ilnsive. upon exactly the same strict
basis OF the merit sys- |
EN-. rigid examination for appoint |
nent aud promotion only for eff |
In the consular service.
Efforts In Promotion Of
Peace.
In the field of work toward the
deals Of peace this government me-
,otinted. but to my regret was unable
0 eonsummate, two arbitration trsa-
les which set the highest mark Of l
he aspiration Of nations toward the
OF arbitration and reason
or war In the settlement Of interna-
Ional disputes. Through the efforts
& American diplomacy several wars
ave been prevented or ended. re-
or to the successful tripartite media
Ion OF the Argentine Republic Brazil
"a the United States between Peru
.sd Ecuador; the bringing OF the boun- 1
airy dispute between Panama ana Cos
. Rica 10 peaceful arbitration; tho
- mo raraT1n pa ffonp when