Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1912-01-18
FEEDS.
WESTERN
USE OF
BY John T. caine, Ill.,, Utah Aeri-
cultural College.
oregon Short Line Railroad Decem-
Der 1911, Demonstration Train.

agriculture and the ultimate pro1lt
derived from it are dependent to
great extent on the marketing OF
the crop. Where everything is sold
and nothing returned to the soil
farms soon run down and the farm
er does not reap the largest profit,
the middle men getting the lions
share. The farm should be run like ,
any other manufacturing plant where
the raw materials are worked over
and marketed only as finished pro
ducts.
We of the West have an idea that
can do the feeding cheaper and
better than we can. If, however
we look closely into this subject, we
find that the West has many ad-
vantages over nearly any other sec
ton in this line The climate is
ideal for feeding, the altitude makes
for good strong feeds and for good
lungs, the soil makes good feet and
bone in our livestock. The last
pertains mostly to the production OF
horses. The ruggedness which most
Of our western livestock have, is
due to the mountain conditions and
to their healthy, out-of-door life.
The West is well supplied with
feed. as we have alfalfa-the best
hay in the world-grown here to
perfection. With this hay good re-
suits can be obtained in feeding near
lily any class of livestock, though
of course with some grain is nee
essary and with all it gives much
better results. Timothy and wild
hay are good feeds, especially II
procured from our high mountain
valleys and are much wanted for
feeding horses. Corn fodder can
be grown to advantage nearly ev-
erywhere and makes a fine addition
to the roughage of most any ra-
ton. The western grains are all
superior and wheat and its by-pro-
duets can be used to good advantage
here. Barley and oats are especial
" useful in feeding horses, dairy
cows and beef. Roots, though very
little used as yet, can be grown IN
great abundance in this section and
! make a valuable addition to most
rations. The great production Sc
cured with roots in the West, makes
, US able to use this feed instead OF
: the succulent silage Of the East.
With this group of feeds and the
price at which they can be secured
under average western conditions
3 there is no reason why feeding can
not be carried on successfully.
In order to get this feeding prob
lem before you in the best manner
e it will be necessary to go into the
j practical side of nutrition to
r slight extent. The chemist ar
r ranges the substances found IL
? plants that are useful to the ami
n mails into several groups. Of these
# protein, carbohydrates, and fats are
# the ones which concern us thu
S most. Protein might be described
S as material of the nature of muscl'
d til whitee of an egg is a very goo(
n example. These substances ar
d used in the body for the building
l. of muscle, bone, and for making mill
p The carbohydrates are best describ
e ed as materials like starch or sus
}, ar. though in the plant crude fibr
h and other materials are also includ
e ed. This group is used in the ami
II NAL body for the production of en-
e ergy and fat. Fats are used TO
l. the production of energy and ia
e but are very much more valuabl
h pound for pound than the caFbohyd
It rates. A certain proportion of eacl
of these is needed every day T.
It keep up the work of the animal body
.e When these constituents or food
i, are given in just the right proportio
.e to supply every want of the animal
in we have what is known as ba
anced ration. By ration we mea
al the amount of feed required fo
h an animal for one day. So balanC
a. ed ration means the correct propo
n ton of feed for a given animal
% supply all his body wants for
10 hours. For instance, the dairy CO.
producing 20 pounds Of milk RI
quires about IL pounds of digest
20 BILE protein, 10 pounds of digestibl
carbohydrates, and $40 of a poun
of fat for each day. This would b
applied approximately by feeding 2
pounds of alfalfa with a few pound
of grain. By the digestible mater
al in the feed we mean the amour
Il that can be used by the animal,
20 there is considerable that cannot B
to digested and assimilated, and 6
~ is of no use. The proportion
~ feeds used differs of course wit
q the age, breed and type of anima
z so no definite and binding law ca
Oh be laid down as to amounts to ;