The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1912-06-04

If the time ever comes in he provi-
dsnCe Of Cod
"When the uar-drums throb no
longer. and the b4ttle-tiags are
furled
In the Parliament of man, the req
Grafton Of the world
the glory Of the World-Iarllam"ht
yin be Engiand's. but the glory ol
tho Neutrality-suspicious. will be Amer
;c,'e II is no wonder nat JoHil
tJska who believed that there Woul
vet be q United States OF Europe
hasad on the federal system of our
own Union, grew eloquent when ne
talked to an English audience OF the
greatness Of the men who lald the
foundations of our federal trehSlh
The working gu, Of this feature III
our national constitution. SAD ne,
was the finest specimen of construc-
tive craftsmanship that the world mas
ever seen" such craftsmanship IN
deed is more than constructive: 1t Is
creative. l. brought into existence d
new ideal Of government. II Vlnui-
Gated not only the right OF sel1-goE-
but the competency OF sell
government over an area a pOpu-
lation u~nimagined before.
wish, however. to- enter my pro
test against that interpretation OF
American history that would make
the Southern states the anvil on which
federal government wrought out us
greatest victory. This widespread
misconcepion Of our history implies
that there were two sections in the
United States, one seeking to uphold
federal government. the other TO over
throw it. That is not true. federal
government as a principle, as an ideal,
was nos at stake, but only a par
ticular form Of federal government.
The first paragraph of the Constltu-
ton of the United States declares that
we. the people Of the United States.
do ordain and establish this ConSt-
tuition "in order to form q more per
feet union" The first paragraph OF
the Constitution Of the Confederate
States Of America declares that we,
thel people of the Confederate States,
dc ordain and establish this Constr
tuition I'm order to form Il permanent
federal government" SCrutinize those
two paragraphs as you will, the ad-
vantage for federal government as an
ideal does not lie with the first.
There are a few lines from a speech
by one of your own great orators tina
have fingered for years in my memoir
because Of the COgency OF their ap'
peal and the beauty Of their phrasing
In his second speech in reply to Web.
ster. Robert Y. Hayne used this Ian
guage: THE gentleman is for march
ing under q banner studded all Owe
with stars and bearing the inSCrip
ton. Liberty and Union. l hat
thought, Sir, the gentleman wOul(
ha, borne a standard displaying il
it's ample folds a brilliant sun. extend
ing it's golden rays from the cente'
to the extremities. In the brightness
Of whose beams the little stars hid
their diminished heads Ours, Sir, i
the banner of the Constitution. TIL
tw~enty-four stars are there In all thei
undiminished lustre. On 1t is in
scribed. Liberty, the Constitution
Union We offer up our fervent pray
ers to the Father Of MercieS that !
NAV continue to wave for ages We
to come over a Free. Happy, an
United People," study the two grea
speeches as you will. the advantag
for federal government as an idea
does not lie with the first.
Idealism in the American Publ
school System.
No survey Of the ideals OF tn
American people would be ever ar
DrOximately complete hat did nc
inCluue our DuOuC SCnOOl system. Tn
seventeen and a half million student
enrolled in the public schools an
State universities Of America const
tute the greatest organized effort eve
made by any people to carry out God
first command. Let there be light
If we borrowed representative go,
from England. our scho
system is original.
And yet the ideal underlying it W;
of very slow growth. There is +
reference to education in the Declar;
ton OF Independence or in the Co.
stitution of the United States. 1t
hardly referred to in the COMPRESSION
discussions of the time, though IL
disputants were chiefly college me
Only five OF the first constitutions
the original thirteen States make al
reference at all to education. these b
ing Georgia, North Carolina. PennS,
vania. Massachusetts. and New Ham
shire. Education at public exDen
was not the fruit of a theory. If Org