The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1912-01-22
THE FARMER: JANUARY 22, 1912

down. Then there was the beginning of the tarirr question by the esta ablish- ment of a protective tariff: the first hshed at Philadelphia: then arose the still mooted questions of strict con structiOn" or implied powers of the constitution. These were simple days and yet stirring times. The farseeing wisdom which prompted Washington to issue his neutrality proclamation" arising from the war between England and France then going on. is worthy of the study of every school child. The recall of the French Minister Genet, the Jay treaty and the various other treaty relations with foreign countries and constant reference to our interna- tional rights and duties make the pc rusal of our own state papers a birds eye study of contemporary important events throughout the world.
 The hardships of pioneering. accom- panied by constant Indian warfare or and there give zest and romance to the historical story as told by the early presidents. Vermont. Kentucky and Tennessee were admitted to the Union as states during Washington's terms.
 The opening paragraph of the first inaugural address of John Adams sounded a warning that has come laundering down the century to the present day. .
 It is interesting to note from the se- rfes of maps heretofore referred to how small "this extensive country" was in the time of Adams.
 The important proclamation deliver ed July 9. 1Te7. by President Adams relating to foreign and domestic coin age Is reproduced in facsimile.
 One of the most notable official acts of John Adams was the appointment of John Marshall as chief justice of the United States. Marshall's deci- sions fixed an elastic interpretation of the constitution which made possible the expansion of territory and lib erality in police regulation needed for the law and order of such a govern ment. It was during Adams admins tration and while the French revoIu- ton was going on that commissioners sent to Paris by America were reject ed except they. the French representa- lives, be bribed. which gave rise to Pinckney's famous saying. Millions for defense, but not one cent for trib- ute"
 The alien and sedition laws were passed. and treaty with Napoleon was made. It will thus be seen how the history of the United States con tained in the official papers of Adams reflects the side lights of foreign his tory ss well. During Adams admins tration the seat of government was formally transferred to the new built city of Washington
 Adams as Federalist followed the. so called Tory" principles of Wash ington. President Adams was justly proud of his peace negotiations with France. He is recorded as saying. ~I desire no other inscription over my gravestone than this: Here lies John
  sponsibility of peace with France in 1sOO.'"
 As a sort of frontispiece. in addition to the portrait of Jefferson and a re- production of Monticello. Virginia. his home. there is a four page facsimile reproduction of parts of Jenerson's original draft of the Declaration of In dependence.
 Jefferson had to deal with the con- t1nued plague of piracy. upon which his discourses are interesting and in- structive. In his first inaugural ad- dress he reviews the question of natu- ralization and makes recommendations
 The Louisiana territory was pur- chased from Napoleon for tre sum of SI5OO0.0OO an event which had much to do with the problem of territorial ex- pansion and which called forth from Jefferson in his second inaugural ad- dress a clear discussion of the freedom of the press.
 In JeGerson's first annual message he makes a statement that would be sig nihcant today: Agriculture. manufac- lures, commerce and navigation. the four pillars of our prosperity. are the most thriving when left most free to Individual enterprise. Protection from casual endorsements. however. may sometimes be reasonably interposed."
 In Jeferson's sixth annual address he reviews the disturbing conditions in our foreign relations due to the persist ent activity of the pirates in the Bar bary States and touches upon many other important foreign relations. ap- plauds the Lewis and Clarke exploring expedition and points out the need of a settlement and Notifications near the mouth of the Mississippi. This mes sage is one of the greatest historical documents from the pen of Jefferson.
 It is said that. while the spells sys- tenn belongs to Jackson's time. never fbo1aas Vodaraov, Sfo { hv mo lyinor