Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1912-03-29

The tail Is often measured in judNing
the COW and should reach to or below
tho hooks and carry good switch.
This renders 1t most useful in brush
Ing files, which appears to be it's chief
purpose.
In Judging the quality and condition
of tho muscular tissue OF the body ono
should remember to take into consid-
Grafton the size, age, and stage OF
lnctation OF the animal. The bono
and muscular tissues In n large cow
are naturally heavier than in small
ono and there is not tho apparent re-
flnement and spareness of form In the
large breeds that Is noted In the
smaller Ones Marked coarseness,
however, in any animal ia usually
accompanied by sluggish dsposl-
ton which In dairy cow prevents
her from performing satisfactorily.
Young helfers with first calf usually
carry more flesh than COWS OF mature
form. All properly fed COWS usually
show n higher condition OF flesh de-
velopmcnt toward tho close OF their
lactation and prior to freshenlng than
they do when four or flvo months ad-
vancod In lnctation.
The Udder.--The udder is the milk
secreting organ and It's proper devel-
opment Is, therefore, essential. In
many instances COWS of large digestive
capacity and OF dairy breeding have
failed In production apparently on nc.
count of poorly developed udders. The
udder consists OF two large glands
cach OF which IL moro or less distinct
ly divided to correspond with each o.
tho four teats and form the quarters
Tho duct of each tent enters n small
cavity termed tho milk cistern. The
milk cistern OF each quarter Is NOR,
or less surrounded by lobes of glant
tissue held In position and closely to
gcther by connecting tissue. Thes,
lobes may be lilsencd to thick bunchei
of grapes since each lobe has several
lobules corresponding to the grapes
The lobuleB arc made of small divisions
called alveoll which correspond to the
seeds of grapes. These alveoli arc
constructed OF small cells surrounded
by ino network OF blood vessels and
nerves and II Ia by these cells that the
milk Is secrctod.
The best cows have comparatively
large udders with equally developed
quarters extending well forward I'm.
dcrnenth tho body and good distance
up behind and between the thighs.
Poor attachment giving swinging or
pendant type of udder and deficiency
and irregularity In the development Of
the quarters arc criticisms to be of.
fered on many cows. The quality of
the udder when examined by handling
should reveal gland tissue of fino.
| plastic texture rather than fatty tissue
or texture that Is coarse and hard.
The Clrculatory system.--This sys.
TEN determines the activity of the
COW with respect to all parts OF tho
body. Only when in perfect health
and all parts OF the body are actively
performing their respective functions
can the dairy COW be expected to yield
Il large flow OF milk When the cow
is sick or by virtue OF her poor indi-
viduality Is dull and morbid there is
an inactivity of all the glands OF the
body resulting In dry, harsh condi.
ton OF tho skin, n staring coat, and q
low production of milk. The circula-
tory system includes the heart, lungs,
arteries and veins since these organs
respectively force, purify and carry
blood to and from all parts of the
body When food becomes digested
and assimilated tho blood must carry
1t to the parts OF the body demanding
1t and in the dairy COW the glands of
the udder demand large share Of the
nourishment Of the blood for the secre-
tion OF milk. The size and character
OF the milk veins, more properly
termed "mammary VEINS" and the
milk wells on the underside of the
body are the best Indications Of how
much blood passes through the udder.
These veins do not cary milk as soma
people believe, but carry large por-
ton of the blood away from the udder.
The blood passes into the udder
through arteries located deep on the
inner side of the thighs. If one were
standing below a mill propelled by a
water wheel and noted the race filled
with water from the mill he would
have reason to believe that the mill
was in operation and performing it's
work. Likewise when one observes
large branching mammary veins en-
tering the body through wells of suffi-
Client size to avoid vein becoming
gorged he has reason to believe that
the udder is performing its work we'll.