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The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17
Topics for Discussion i'm Local Unions
February. 1912.
Farmers Union Sun.

Farmers Union Sun.
|. The possibilities OF the farmer.
>. fertiliZerS-their composition
the price, how and when to use them.
,. What have | done for the sue
cess Of The Farmers Union, and what
has it done for me?
1. What objection can there be to
the election of the United States sen
ators 10y direct vote of the people?
These subjects are To be discussed
in the local unions during the month
of February. 1912. 1t is hoped that
the local unions will take up these
subjects ana study them. The mem-
bcrS should take an active interest
in such discussions. The subjects are
broad and comprehensive. ON the
first two of these topics volumes
might be written for they are almost
ineNhauStible. Much can be said on
the third, while the fourth can be
answered very easily.
|. The possibilities of the farmer.
ON this subject it is safe To saw
that the half has never yet been told
The next generation will accomplish
results which are not yet dreamed Of
When scientific economic production
together with the elimination of waste
is followed by scientific and acono-
mic marketing ar6 t'ie distribution
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17
\ Brickbat or n BOUQUET.

The only fault we have ever found
with the editorial articles of the sum
ter Item Is that they are brief ana
occasional His brethren OF the
state press would welcome further
expressions from Editor Osteen, who
never puts pen to paper without say
Ing something sensible and illumina-
ting.-Columbia Record,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17
FARMERS
UNION NEWS
PRACTICAL ThOughts for Practical
Farmers.
conducted by Z. w. Dabbs. Pres
ident s. G. Farmers Union.)
N INTERVIEW WITH SECRC.
TARY WILSON.
why the Consumer Pays More Than
Twice as Xuch as the Farmer Gets
Farmers Union Sun.


| Farmers Union Sun.
Recently l called upon the Gecre-
taTy or Agriculture and had an ex-
tended interview with him on the
subject of why the consumer paid
so much more for farm products than
the farmer gets"
| lie said that in his investigation. Of
this subject he had arrived at the
! conclusion that the trouble lay in the
local markets in the cities and trade
! C,nttrs.
The committee appointed by Con-
gress to investigate the cause for the
nigh cost of living was told by Mr..
Wilson that they would be the ones
to locate the agencies operating in the
various cities to control the price of
the retail trade. and that he could
set up all the information necessary
except on this one feature. He went
sP lar as to establish, near his office,
an eating department, and all the
employees Of his department use it.
and by judicious buying Of the pro-
ducts and having it prepared, the
employees Of this department can get
| good square meal for about one
third Of the average price they would
nave to pay in a private establish
ment. He did this to demonstrate
that there was fault in our system
of distribution, which in the aggre-
gate Of the United States produces a
difference in value between the farm
er and the consumer that is astound-
ing:.
According to the best statistics
that he could gather, something over
one-half of the price paid by the
consumers Of farm products goes to
pay for the distribution Of these
farm products, and one Of the least
expenses in this distribution is that
Of transportation. So it is up to the
farmers and the consumers to devise
a means by which something like a
| saving Of three billion dollars a year
can be made, and We are now urging
the passage Of bill drawn for that
purpose.
The government should take a
hand In the interest of consumers
| and producers to aid in establishing
| better method of distribution. not
"y the Government handling it, but
by simply furnishing the producer
and the consumer the information
| necessary for them to come to an un-
derstanding Of the exact conditions.
The Bureau Of Markets that is
| contemplated to be established by
the bin We are asking for passage
| is fashioned on the plan proposed
| by the last national convention Of
the Farmers Union.
Quite a sum Of money is furnished
! by the Government every year TO fur
| nish exporters the information nee
essary for them to exploit foreign
| markets. 1t certainly is as incum-
| bent upon the Government to furnish
| information necessary for the farmer
to market his products as for the
| exporter to find markets beyond the
seas
| Everybody is a consumer; no one
| can live without being a consumer:
every one should be producer who
| is able to produce; so that is no
class Of society not interested in this
, undertaking.
| We hope our readers will investi-
| gate and urge their congressman
to support it.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

OF the products Of the farm, then.
md then only, will the farmer begin to
realize something Of his possibilities.
III! these factors must g brought to-
,"ther in order to produce desired re-
suits The farmer HIS learned a
-: eat deal about scient.ic and econo-
rl'c production and Is becs tlught
hiuch on this line. C-rsiderable en-
phasis has been p!~oeI upon the
elimination Of waste. It nov remains
Tor him to advance cne s;eu further
ana study scientific anG economic
distribution and marketing e his pro-
ducts. For this purpose he needs
'tiAng agencies 10 handle his pro-
dccts 10 the hest advantage. Coop
n,ative selling when put into actual
practice viii go very far toward Sc
curing the desired results. The
farmer should be a seller far more
than he is buyer. He should not at
temtp to sell individually. for he can
not do this to the best advantage. He
aust learn to sell collectively. This
Is where cooperation is most needed
?. Fertilizers-Ther composition.
the price, how ard when to use them.
This is a large subject and one
that needs great deal Of study. The
farmers are learning more about
this matter. 1t will be observed that
there are four subjects under the
head of fertilizers. Composition is
that the price is a matter Of consid-
able interest. When it comes to
the question of how and when to rse
them, this is a matter on which there
is considerable difference Of opinion.
When doctors disagree who shall de-
eide? The professor in the agricul-
tural college sometimes comes for
ward and says something while the
old farmer shakes his head and does
not know whether to believe II or not.
The old farmer is far more ready now
to listen to the college professor and
the expert than he was ten years ago.
This is an encouraging 0gn. Lei the
subject be thoroughly discussed and
studied in all it's bearings. Let us
suggest, however, that it would be
very we'll to use less fertilizer this
year than We have ever done before.
3. What have / done for the sue
cess Of the Farmers Union, and what
has it done for me?
Some can very quickly tell what
they have done for the success of the
Farmers Union, for in some cases
one word can answer it, Every one
can do something for the success of
the Union and the amount that we
put into movement the same bene-
fit we will get out of il. If the
Farmers Union has not done much
for you. whose fault is it? Is it the
fault Of the Union or is il your fault
We think that the Farmers Union
has done more than quite n number
Of people give it credit for TX has
been quite factor in the education
of the farmer and it has ais helped
him in a business way.
4. What objection can there be to
the election of the United States sem
ators by direct vote of the people?
In our opinion the answer to this
question can be given in one word:
None.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

The Sumter watchman was found
I'd In 1850 and the True southron In
tsss The watchman and southron
aow has the combined circulation and
influence CT both OF the old papers.
and Is msnifestiy the best advertising
mtiium I'm Sumter.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

Messrs T. r.. Hodge and w. A.
Broadway. Of Tindal. were In the city
Thursday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17
Gbt@attgmau ana sputbrun.
Published Wednesday and Saturday.
BY
0STEEh PUBLISHING COMPANY
SUMTER. o. C.
Terms:
$3.50 per annum-ln advance.
Advertisements:

one square hrst Insertion. ..3l.0e
Every subsequent Insertion. =. so
Contracts for three months. or
longer will be made at reduced rates.
AL communications which sub
serve private interests will be charged
fer as advertisements.
Obituaries and tributes Of respect
will be charged for.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

The Blease jennings Matthews
controversy has reached the stage
that suggestion that 1t be taken out
and buried Is In order.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

Former Senator John L. McLaurin
Is quoted as threatening To enter>the
race for governor in the event that
Gov. Blease vetoes the cotton ware
house hill. Will Blease take the
dare?
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1912-02-17

rho race track gambling plant has
license to continue operations until
July. and II may continue indefinitely
II no more attention is paid the en-
forcoment OF the recent act OF the
legislature than the law against
blind tigers.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
VOTE TO END
COAL STRIKE
Seven Weeks War Caused To-
tai Loss of $69,250,000.
10000 TO RESUME WORK
Repalrmen Begin Clearing Out Mines
Miners Adopt Scale by Vote OF
323 to 64-News Received with
Joy Through the Valley.

Wilkesbarre, Pa.-The anthracite
mine workers convention ratified the
agreement entered into by a sub-com-
mittee of the miners and operatoSs
and the miners return to work after
an idleness of seven weeks. The vote
was 323 in favor of ratification to Oh
against.
The result was announced amid
cheering though it was manifest when
the delegates rose to their feet to vote
that the agreement had been carFied
by a large majority. The debate had
been proceeding for five days.
A motion was Immediately adopted
authoriizn the miners subcommittee
to sign the new agreement with the
coal operators.
John p. White, international Presi-
dent of the United Mine Workers of
America, led the fight for the adoption
of the agreement, and told the men
that the new wage agreement was the
best they have ever had.
1t is the first time in the history of
anthracite mining, he said, that the
miners nau Bdlueu du lHCl cdSV III
wages without striking. The advance
is 10 per cent, with the old sliding
scale abolished. 1t will net them about
IL per cent. Other concessions are
contained in the agreement, one OF the
most important of which is that pro-
viding for grievance committees at all
times, with power to meet officials OF
the coal companies and adjust com
plants.
Scranton, Pa.-The ratification OF
the miners, agreement by the district
convention at Wilkesbarre was receiv-
ed with JOY all through the Lackawan-
ma Valley.
The suspension started seven weeks
ago In that time the losses due to
the suspension are estimated as fol
lows: Loss in wages of mine en-
ployes, $l7,000,0O0; loss to coal com
panies in net profits, Sl0,000,000; loss
to sellers of supplies and materials for
mining, S5,OOO,OOO; loss to railroads in
coal freight charges. $l9.000,000; loss
i'm wages of idle coal train crews,
$250,000; loss to merchants in trade,
$16,000000. A total loss of S69,25o,O0O.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

One notable feature of present day
drama is the decline in popularity OF
the triangle theme, which thus bids
fair to lose its identifying adjective
eternal" Cast your eyes over the
failures Of the past few seasons. and
you will find that plays dealing chief
ly with III mated couples and unhappy
love intrigues bulk large in the store
houses, says Munsey's Magazine. The
public has sickened OF the unsavory
mess. BY the same token. we are
growing tired of plots which call for
so-called Strong emotional" work on
the part of the heroine This is dis
tinctly a material and nonsentimental
age. Glance over recent successes,
and you cannot fail to note the pres.
ence in each one of them Of something
more substantial than love.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
PARACHUTE JUMPER KILLED.

Boston.-While 5000 spectators, in
cluding a 15-year-old sister, gazed
horror-stricken, James Barr, Jr., aged
20 years, son of Mr. and Mrs. James
Barr of 16 Michigan avenue, Lynn,
to open as he leaped from a balloon.
1000 feet over the sea at Bass Point.
There was no time for a shrek or
a cry as the boy dropped with light
ming speed into the water, where the
force of the fall broke his neck and
every rib in his body.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

The Yonkers Judge who decided that
the woodpecker has the right TO ply
his vocation of tapping the trees in
early morn, no matter whom he wakes.
indirectly gives his sanction to a whole
lot of sleep-disturbers. The cock s
shrill clarion, the quacking of the
ducks and geese, the squealing OF the
pigs and the barking Of the dogs all
get license from this judicial declara-
tion. incidentally as newspaper com
ments indicate that the defendant
woodpecker INDUCED this habit as
early as a. m, woodpecker who
drills for worms at that hour during
this season Of the year must be a
nighthaWk.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
SHOE WURKERS
PLAN MERCER
officials of Unions Now Hostile
Propose One Body.
TO TAKE VOTE OF MEMBERS
Combination Would Do Away With
Cause of Many Strikes in the
Shoe Trade-Want One
Organization.

Boston.-The merging OF all unions
connected with the boot and shoe
trade was discussed by officials repre-
senting the large labor unions OF the
country at the United States Hotel.
This movement has for its object in
dustrial peace by avoiding strikes and
otherwise promoting the interests or
wage earners in the trade.
Resolutions wire passed recon-
mending the merger and favoring
referendum vote among all the shoe
workers of the country on the ques-
ton of combining. More tnan $4,000
people will take part in the voting.
At present there are three national
organizations representing the shoe
workers-the Boot and Shoe Workers,
the Cutters Assemblies affiliated with
the Knights OF Labor, and the United
Shoe Workers of America. There are
many smaller independent bodies
that are TO be included in the pro-
posed combination.
The merger proposition was freely
discussed by the labor leaders at the,
conference. 1t was suggested by
Stephen NJ. Walsh. master workman
aof the Cutters Assemblies, Knights
of Labor, of Lynn. 1t is in Lynn, one
of the biggest shoe manufacturing
centres of the country, that the great
est interest in favor OF the propesi-
tion has been voiced.
Many of the strikers in the shoe
trade in that city have been due, &C.
cording to Mr.. Walsh, directly or in.
directly TO antagonism among local
labor unions. The proposed merger
would obviate such friction. At the
conference it was found that the
workers in the West are heartily in
favor OF such a movement, and their
representatives Joined with the 9TH
ers in the resolutions adopted.
John +. Tobin, presdent-general OF
the Boot and Shoe Workers Union,
said that it was impossible for him
to commit himself to the proposition
unconditionally until he had learned
the result of the vote to be taken.
1t will be at least two or three.
months before it is definitely known
whether or not the merger will be
effected.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
The 0lneyville Times
E. r. sl7LeV
oLNEYVILLE, RHODE ISLAND
SUBSTITUTE FOR RUBBER.
E. =. slRLEN

The story from Philadelphia that p
man of that city has discovered sub
stitute for rubber which he manufac-
lures from various kinds OF waste will
be accepted with n grain of salt until
the facts he claims are fully ejtab-
lished. 1t has long been the dream OF
chemists that substance which would
take the place of rubber in many OF
the forms in which IL is used would
ultimately be discovered, but, like. the
famous passage TO Cathay in the time
OF Columbus, the result has eluded
pursuit 1t may be put down as fact
that some time, somewhere. such a
substitute will be found. says the
Washington Herald. 1t may not have
all the qualities Of rubber, which seems
10 have been special gift of Provi-
dence 10 mankind, of a value impos-
sible OF replacement or counterfeit
But the uses Of rubber have extended
so enormously. and the supply is so
limited In tropical countries. that the
mind of the world has been. as II
were, concentrated upon the proposi-
ton Of finding some substance which
would. under proper condition. take
its place. Until now no such product
has been found.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

While we are talking and writing a
great deal and eXpendlng a great deal
OF thought on the subject OF school
gardening, and the promotion of kin
dred activities which lead children to
take an interest in the soil and the
possibilities of it's cultivation, it would
be just as well for us not to overlook
the importance of this same subject
of the soil and it's products TO that
class of city grownups who have the
ground or can get the ground for the
cultivation of a kitchen garden.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

A Boston medical authority says the
time is coming when every household
will have its electrical apparatus to
supply its members unconsceously
with the electrical energy they need
to keep them in a perfect state of
health. That's all very well, but down
this way We will have to know first
what it's going to cost. We are a lit.
tie sensitive about our electricity bills.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
AGED KING Died
IN The STREET
Body of Denmark's Ruler Found
Among Paupers in Mo rgue.
CHRISTIAN PROCLAIMED KING
Long Search for Missing Monarch Be-
fore His Fate Is Learned-sureeon
Present at End-Royal Family
Not Told at Once.

Hamburg-In the presence of lit
tie group of Danish courtiers and local
police officials an attendant in the
Morgue here drew back the white
sheet covering one of eight bodies
stretched on a marble slab and reveal
ed the form of Frederick Will, King
of Denmark The monarch had died
suddenly in a public square a few
hours before. Being unidentified his
body was sent at once to the MOrgue.
In the belief that the King had re-
tired at his usual hour, Queen Louise,
Prince Gustave, and Princesses Thyra
and Dagmar were sleeping in their
apartments. Not until his Majesty's
body was recovered from the morgue
and brought to the hotel shortly after
o'clock in the morning did the Queen
and her children learn Of the Kings
death.
1t was a grotesque yet picturesque
fate that befel the King. For years he
had been another Haroun-al-Raschid,
loving the night life of the cities where
he chanced to be and seeing it for him
The King wore a dark Norfolk jack
ct instead of his dinner coat and turn
ed his steps toward the Goose Market,
which is Hamburg's liveliest quarter
after IL at night. The square lies just
around the corner from the hotel and
he had sauntered about for less than
half an hour when DR.. Ludwig Selig-
mann, a surgeon, who did not, or
course. know him, saw him stagger as
If in sudden pain at his heart. 1t was
he who assisted a policeman to lift
the royal form into a hastily comman-
deered taXicab after he had assured
himself the then unknown mans heart
had stopL ed beating.
The respectable old gentleman who
breathed his last on the pavement was
King Frederick Will, whose sudden
and dramatic demise will put half the
courts of Europe in mourning. The
Kings body was taken to the Sailors
Hospital
There was nothing to identify him;
he had a gold watch bearing a mono
gram. a few coins were in his pockets,
but no papers. SO his body was sent
to the morgue and placed on a marble
slab, common clay with eight others.
Finally the sea7chers went TO the
morgue, disclosed their identity and
the nature of their mission. and were
admitted The valet recognized the
body of the King, and it was removed
to the hotel.
Copenhagen.-News of the Danish
rulers unexpected death amid sur
roundings so sensational spread con-
sternation in the court~s of Europe
and in his native land. Copenhagen
was plunged into mourning. and IL
was with sorrowfufl hearts that resi-
dents of the Danish capital gathered
about the palace at 3 p. m. to acclaim
Christian y. as their new ruler. After
he had delivered a brief address Of
greeting, the King stood silently,
tears gathering in his eyes, looking
down from the palace balcony on the
motionless crowd below.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
ROOSEVELT CLAIMS VICTORY.
Declares That He'll Be Nominated on
the First Ballot.

Dayton. Ohio.-ln the opinion OF
Theodore Roosevelt. he has won al
ready. He dictated this statement:
"The number Of delegates necessary
TO nominate is 539 OF the delegates
already elected. without counting the
contested delegates. have more than
500. OF the delegates yet TO be elect
ed am confident I will receive enough
10 insure my nomination on the first
ballot"
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
MAKES DARING RESCUE.

Niagara Falls, n. Y.-One of the
most daring rescues in the history OF
Niagara Falls was effected by a 90
year.old Armenian, Aran KevorkiaD
Of this city.
He waded out waist deep into the
rapids a shcrt distance above tht
cataract and pulled to shore with
pike pole the unconscious form OF
Henry j. Smith, so, resident OF
Buffalo.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
MOVE AGAINST COFFEE TRUST.

New York.-Attorney General
Wickersham has moved against the
so-called coffee trust, or Brazilian
valorization scheme. The valorization
plan is declared to be a violation OF
the Sherman antitrust law The
court is asked to appoint a receiver
to sell the 95O,0OO bags. valued at
$10,000,OOO, now alleged to be stored
in the warehouses of the New York
Dock Company.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

A Pittsburg physician declares that
the human race will gradually extin.
guish itself. Another expert holds
that the quantity is too far in excess
OF the quality. In the meantime. the
race is going on enjoying itself or
making itself miserable, as usual. and
probably will continue to do so long
after conflicting theories and theorists
are forgotten.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
KILLS ESCAPING PRISONER.

Atlanta, Ga..-Walter IL Frady,
prisoner at Fort Mcpherson. was shot
and killed by a guard while attempt.
ing to escape from the reservation.
Fred B. Jones. another prisoner work.
ing with Frady. escaped. Jones was
serving a six-months sentence for de-
serting from Fort Hamilton. New
York.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
WOMEN ELECT WOMAN MAYOR,
Men Have Allowed Gambling, but
Mrs. Wlssler is a Reformer.

Cheyenne. Wyo.-For the first time
in the history of Wyoming. which was
the first state to grant suffrage TO wo-
men a woman has been elected Mayor
of a municipality. The victorious wo-
man is Mrs. Susie Wissler, a widow.
and the town is Dayton. A majority
Of the voters are women.
Mrs. wissler is a Democrat. but was
elected on an Independent ticket.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24
TEACHER KILLS HERSELF.
Driven to Suicide by Year OF Anony.
NOUS Letters.

Liberty. Ind-Miss Laura Moss.
high school teacher, we'll known in
educational circles in Indiana, shot
and killed herself because Of anony-
nous letters she he'd been receiving
for more than year IL is believed
the letters were written by some one
connected with the schools. but the
authorities have been unable TO run
down the writer
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1912-05-24

scientist arises 10 deny the theory
that telephone mouthpieces are full OF
germs. Possibly they are destroyed
by the superheated language that re-
suits when patron is told that the
line is busy.