davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

For soreness Of the muscles whether
induced BY violent exercise or IN
jury, chumberlnin's Idnlment is excel
lent This Imminent - also highly es-
tnemed Tor the relief Il affords IN
cases OF rheumatiam. Sold by all
dealers.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Bryant's Messengers. Syhane rO1-So2.
Bebber Co., Opticians Pncne 4cs.
Dr. schwentkcF, ossecpath, Armlio
Building.
Attorney Nellie G. Brewer left to-
day for santa re on legal business
Francis r. Wood, OF Marion and
Wood. attorneys. was a passenger for
santa Fe this morning
Nell y. Field, attorney. left on the
santa Re limited last evening for New
York.
Harold Pierce, attorney, Left for
Santa Fe this morning to attend 70
court business.
John H. McFie, former Judge OF the
district court. arrived IN Albuquerque
today from santa Re.
j. ~. Hervey. a prominent attorney
Of Roswell, was IN Albuquerque last
night on his way to santa re.
r.. c. Butler. manager OF the Alba.
qucrQue Gas, Electric Light and P@wel
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14


company, returned today from a brief
business trip 80 Trinidad.
Lord and Lady Roaths OF England
passed through Albuquerque on SAN
"a Re train No. today, en- route from
New York to Los Angeles.
o. N. MARION. state deputy OF the
knights Of Columbus IN New Mexico,
left last evening for Las Vegas whore
he will attend a meeting Of the state
council.
Plans are already on foot for a run
10 be made By the New Mexico auto
mobile association on May 80. Mem
0rial day. the details Of which viii
be- announced later.
The arst OF series OF recitals by
pupils OF Mrs. himoe. will be given IN
the WOman'a club beEinning az 8
o'clock this evening All those inter
ested are cordiaily g4ked TO be pros
ont.
MIR. and Mrs s. u. Busser left this
morning for "a visit TO various santa
Fe reading rooms east OF Albuquer-
que. Mr Busser is superintendent OF
santa Fe reading rOoms and Mrs
Buaaer l. his secretary.
Engiebrecht scheeie, engaged in tho
mercantile buslnoss IN Beion. for
many years resident and business
man Of albuquerque, returned home
last evening, after visit of three daya
Ia tslls city
simon stern has been elected prosi-
dent OF the city park commission,
with r. w ID. Bryan secretary and
treasurer r. $. Eilwood Is the third
member OF the commission. Organ
lzation Of the commission was effect
"a last evening.
All Mas0na are requested 10 be al
the Masonic Temple tomorrow after
noon al 1880 O'clock for the purpose
OF performing the last rites over tho
remains OF Bro, Austen We Bradshaw
late member 81 Aspen lodge No. ss,
Aspen, Colo. The public d cordially
invited 10 be- present.
A. q. Oliara and George shanka,
prominent citinens OF Las Cruces, were
IN AlbuguerQue this morning en- route
from Las CruecA 20 las Vegas. where
they will attend the sessions Of the
state council Of the Knlghts OF COL
umous. being representatives OF Las
Cruces council
r.. G. Hamilton and Raymond Mar
shall, of tho United Ssatoe forest SER
vice. returned today from a five
months stay on the Ozark aud Arr
kansas and aaiional forests M Arkan-
sas Mr.. Hnmllton was for some time
engaged IN Departmental work les the
local forestry offices aud Is well known
in Albuquerque.
Attorney General Frank W. Clancy
returned 90 Santa ~ this morning
after a visit of three days ln Albuquer-
que Mrs Clancy accompanied Mr,
Clancy 20 Albuquerque. Mrs. Clancy
VIII return tO the capital probably TO-
morrow. The Clancys have practically
completed the removal % their house
hold goods a. SANTA W., whore q viii
NE necessary for thom % reside in mo
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

sclect your Fishing tackle now. a
fun supply ~ Cnas lleuaft's bicycie
shop. a0O West Gold avenue.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
-FOUR YEAR OLD IS
LONE PASSENGER
TO COLORADO
Raymond Russell Stage, Of III
Paso, on Journey Of COnsid-
cradle Length, Has a Jolly
Time Of it on Train.

Clad in Bingham jumpers, short
socks and sandals. aud with no hnt
on his little tow head. Raymond
Russell stagg. four years old. son Of
Mrs. Anna Stage, OF ~ Pas0 PASSED
through Albuquerque on Santa Re
train No. 10 this morning, en- route
from the Pass city To Colorado
Springs. Raymond Russell had a
ticket and enough money 20 buy food
along the road. He carried note
for conductors along tho line, telling
Of his destination, and about HIS tick
ct, The little lad was passenger
Ia the chair car aad was evidently
sreatly enjoying his trip 20 Colorado
springs, where he goes to whit an
aunt. The lads wants In Albuquerque
were looked after by stationmaater
nd Slnclaire.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Buggies painted for S. each. W. j..
Hyde, fO5 w. Copper
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Try q Herald Want Ad. Il
will bring you resuItA
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

sCavsngsr Work. Phone ~
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
Springer
TRANSFER 4 COMPANY
HAUL TRUNKS


Forecast-Tonight generally
falri colder IN southeast por-
ton. frost with freezing temper
allure IN north portion; We'd
needay fair and warmer. A.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

future, the constitution providing that
the attorney general shall maintain a
residence In the capital
AN members Of the Brotherhood Of
American Yeomen are requested TO
meet AT A. 9, u. w. hall az o'clock
Wednesday afteEno0n 10 attend the
funeral OF our brother archer. W.
Austin Bradshaw. which win be held
at che Masonic Temple. By order ~
Walter Huntaman. honorable fore
man.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Temperature for "a hours
ending al s a. m. May it--MRx-
imum. 20; minimum. as. range.
rs; at a. m. AZ. southeast
winds; partly cloudy.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Precipitation ~ Thirty-nve
hundredths Of aa inch. The
heaviest rain Of the spring sea-
son fell early this morning.
shortly after daylight and win
do immense good 10 the farm-
ers In this neck OF the woods.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
Imported Hand
Painted China

We have Just received shipment
of these Fcry smci1lorions goods, IN
encct. cqnai a. til, ileh priced Amer
lean hand painted CHINA 10 one-lhirtl
its price.
Oar ROOM Is limited, hence tsiis
special sale a. move ulese goofs.
Beautiful hnnd painted Plates,
si0wIs. salads, lugs, ETC., az very
small uarAin above cnsi and az ab0ut
half lBc pFicc you win ordinarily pay
for such Htioels.
special sale aing iath 20 goth.
SHE OUR WINDOW DISPLAY.
AN ~ our China, Gus Glass and
Art G0ogls viii 81 IN ON this sale.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
ANOTHER effort TO
END MINERS CONTROVERSY.

Niakesbaffe, Pa, day 1.-THE tri-
district convention of the United Mine
Workers to take action on the agree
ment reached between the sub-com-
mittce Of four mlne2s and four opera
tors and which vas rejected by the
executive boards of three anthracite
districts began here today with q fall
representation Of delegates from every
district A majority OF the delegates
were sent 10 the convention unin-
structod
The members OF the exceutive board
ot three districts were IN session az
the miners headquarters until early
this morning.
They took np the agreement and
while no official announcement was
made Il IL known they decided 70 re-
port the agreement to the cOnVouiian
without recommendation
President White attended the meet
ings and gave his views. lie was m
In the west when the executive boards
voted down the agreement at their
meeting IN New York May = The
convention win last several days, and
it is expected there win be a warm
debate
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Baltimore Md, Shay if.-faryiand
Republicans met this afternoon pre-
pared for harmonious state conven,
ticn whleh would endorse the vardsct
OF the recent primaries In favor of
Theodore Roosevelt The platform
which pledged undivided support 10
Colonel Roosevelt was adopted
The sixtaen delegates agreed unou
IN conference were elected.
President Tafta supporters obtained
from the Roosevelt men a concea-
sion that National Committeeman VIII
liam r. Jackson. Taft man. should
be re-elected before the national con-
vention.
In the list Of sixteen national dele~
gates clFuAeE tho lines between the
supporters Of tho president and Col-
onel Roosevelt were nos sharply
drawn. The Taft men claimed that
eight Of these delegates personally Ia
v0rod the presidents denomination.
the Roosevelt people held that two of
these eight delegates were really for
Roosevelt az heart, so that II the event
Of q possible division al the national
convention they would line up With
the Roosevelt delegates
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
HEAVY VOTE CAST
IN CALIFORNIA
PRIMARIES
All Candidates Save Those Fa-
vOring Taft Are Pledged to
Carry Out Will Of Voters in
National Party Conventions.

AANsANNA
San Francisco, May 14.-Clear,
bright weather throughout the state
and early reports OF many votes cast
az an points. indicated heavy vote
today az CALIFORNIA; first presidential
preferential primary election There
are five tickets of twenty-slx candi-
dates each Ia the field, Taft, Rooso-
vele and LaFolictte heading the
groups on the Republican ballot and
Wilson and Clark on the Democratic.
Win tho exception OF the Taft can-
didateH ell would-be delegates have
filed with the secretary OF state
pledges 90 vote In convention for the
candidates IN whose column their
names appear on the ballot, Ia nc-
cordance with o provision Of the pri-
mary law making such pledges OPP
tional. The discovery a fow DAYS ago
thet the Taft delegates were un-
pledged caused Roosevelt supporters
% charge a plot 20 eynde the prOvi-
flons of the law and obtain one or
two delegates. In the oVent Of RoOae-
Volt carrying the state but Il is not
clear that the provisions Of the law
would make this possible
The entire list OF delegates ls being
voted upon throughout the state. az
though selected by tWos from each
congressional district. with four
chosen az large. -Four women np-
pear ln each list OF candidates except
that of Woodrow Wilson A number
81 women have been appointed on
tho eleetion boards throughout the
state.
The results today viii bo final and
there wis be no state conventions
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
TAFT SUPPORTERS IN
UTAH DELEGATION
TO CHICAGO
Roosevelt Men Active in State
Convention; Democrats Ex-
pected to Send Uninstructed
Delegation to Baltimore
Gathering.
tBy EvsnlnE nerula a. ?. LEASED wIssD

(Ily EVENING fIeruld a. 4. Leased ygtFeD
Salt Lake city, May ii.-~Ali 81 the
hats IN the ring at the Democratic
state convention Ia session here today
are those OF candidates for Utah's
place on the national committee OF
the party Six aspirants nave been
mentioned.
There Is little rivalry for places on
the delegation 10 the national con-
ventlon at Baltimore, as IL has been
agreed that il more than eight wsll
known Democrats wish 20 be delegates
the delegation shan be increased and
the eight votes 0f ihe state divided.
Instructions as 20 the choice Of a
presidential nominee have not been
susEeated seriously, Tho state con-
vention soems content 20 allow its
representative az the national gather
ing 20 act on their individual judge
ment.
A majority OF the delegates chosen
az county conventions 80 attend the
Republican state convention tomor-
row win 40 20 Provo uninstructea.
The main contention there, Il Is exc
pecsed, viii be on the report OF the
committee on resolutions. That "a
Ntoht " A4lN NNNANWhANN VIII ANANNAr
mend instructions for Taft and an-
other portion favor an unlnstructed
delegation is the forecast today.
!, - conceded that Senators Smoot
and sutherland and Congressman
Howell viii be among the eight doie-
gates 10 the Chicago convention and
an three are known as supporters Of
the president.
Medill Mccormick. member of
tho Roosevelt camxpnign organization,
wns IN Salt Lake City yesterday and
had confidential talks with Roosevelt
leaders Of this state
When tho Democrats assembled at
~ o'clock Il was whispered that the
Wilson men among the delegates had
planned a demonstration for their
candidate. g., a. Richards 90 Weber
county Installed as temporary chair
man. took care IN his opening ad-
dress 90 give no opportunities Tor
sfamnodca. Presidential possibilities
ho mentioned only Incidentally but he
emphasized the Necessity for "a ma
tioual committeeman ln whom YOU
have confidence 90 SO % the pcmo-
cratic president Ia the White House
and name the successors 10 the fed-
erai bunch
Committees were selected ana tho
convention took a RECESS until after
noon.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
BARGE FOUNDERS AT SEA
CREW PERIsHES rs FEAR

Seattle. Mag l4.--it is believed that
ne barge Haydn Brown. which was
cut adrtit from the TOW OF the tug
Pioneer. off Cape st. Elias. Alaska.
last Friday night. foundered soon at
lerward and that the eight men on
board could not escape captain Nell
son OF the Pioneer, has arrived al Cor
dova, and aaye that the barge un-
doubledly went down. For twelve
hours the tug fought with mountain
ous seas, The tug would have been
lost ig she had continued TO keep the
tow, Captain Nelson said
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
TARIFF REVISION TO
Be DISPOSED OF
At THE PRESENT
SESSION
Progressive Republicans Ex-
peCted to Dictate Policy Of
Measures in Senate After
Democrats Go on Record.
REVOLT AGAINST GAG"
RULE IN THE HOUSE

thy Evening Herald A. Y. LEASED Wire
washington, May i4--All OF the
tariff bills that have passed the house
viii be disposed of by the senate be-
fore the end OF this session and pos
sibly without Interfering with plans
for early adjournment. according to
Senator Simmons, In charge Of these
measures In the senate.
when the agricultural bill Ia dis
posed Of we will take up the metal
bin again." said Senator simmons to.
day, "and after few more speeches
We will fix a day for a vote. Natural
~ appropriation bills are given pref
.erence when they come up. in order 20
permit the conferences committee to
get to work on them as soon az pos
sibie; but Il Is not intended that they
shall long prevent consideration OF
the tariff measures"
The senator said the chemical bill
would follow the metal bill and after
that would come the wool bill. He
thought The debate on these measures
would not be so extended as tina, on
the metal bill.
The general understanding "a that
the progressive republicans will die
tate the tariff course OF the senate.
The Democrats are expected TO so on
record for their own bills and then
accept the progressive Republican
measures with such modification as
they can secure.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
VOICE Of late h. 0.
HAVEMEYER MAY
Decide SUIT
Counsel for Government and
Sugar Trust Clash Over In
PRODUCTION of Testimony Of
Man Long Since Dead.

Wy 1HtAhNH AANahth ~ r AHaAeN MAFeg
New York. Mas lS.--shaii the voice
or Henry o. Hnyemeyer. dead five
years, be heard In the government =
dissolution suit against the so-called
sugar trust?
Counsel for the government and
the defense clatncd over this aues-
tion today in the first session held TO
take testimony in the suit When
the session adjourned the question
was stiil undecldeG and II seemed
likely that the point would be taken
over the head on special Examiner
i3rlco 10 the United states district
court for decision District Attorney
Wise declared that Mr. Havemoycr's
testimony was material 10 the suit.
while the score b: lawyers represent
ing the defendant Objected vigorously
that Il was privileged lmmaterlal. In
competent and Irrelevant.
The taking Of iusNmonv In the gov
ernmeut's dissolution suit against the
American Sugar Refining company
was begun today before Special Ex-
amiuer Wilson B Irice This action.
together with The suit against the
United States Steel corporation,
makes two big eases brought by the
government FOR The dissolution OF the
two so-cailed trusts now under way
IN this city Most OF the evidence
sought BY the government IN the
sugar case Is Understood 10 be OF a
documentary nature.
Certified copies OF the certificates
% Incorporation and increases of
stock of the American Sugar Refining
company were Introduced. These
showed that tbs company was incor-
pOrated IN New Jersey January 10,
1891. with cnplial OF fifty million
dollars. divided equaly between COM
mon and preferred stock issues, and
that the capitalization was Increased
20 seventy-five million on March ~.
1899. ana 10 ninety million October
10. 1901. the increases being in equal
amounts Of common ana preferred
stock.
Certificates also were introduced
covering the incorporation OF the
American suEnr Refining Company
OF New York. Ft2lklin sugar Refin-
ing Company Philadelphia, sprociS-
els Sugar Refining Company of Phil
adolphia, and other corporation de-
PENDANTS
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
PRESIDENT POINTS
TO TARIFF LAW AS
AMONG HIS
ACHIEVEMENTS
Teells Ohio People That Payne.
AldriCh Act Has Been saI-
walton Of Pottery Industry
in Their State. ns
RIDICULE OF COLONEL
FEATURE OF CAMPAIGN

IVY EFN4AAa aefato a y. Leased Wtpak
Alliance, g.. May i4.--To tho deep
roar OF steamboat whistles. ,ho sharper
scream og factory sirens and the ag-
onlzed wallis of circus calllopeu. Pres
ldeht TAFT hurried up through tho
pottery towns Of the north ohio river
valley today In strenuous action again
TO secure ohlos vote az next Tuesday's
primaries
Al East Liverpool the president in
MIS- mrs, speech Of the day said,
"As for your pottery business. tho
Payne tariff law made certain pro-
Visions 20 prevent frauds in the In
PRODUCTION Of pottery into the country
by under-valnatIon, so az 10 secure 40
you the opprnnlty or having such
protection az you needed. and It meant
10 you tho prosperity OF an your pot
teries In this nelghhorhood."
At wellsvlile President TAFT spoSe
an hour or two before Colonel Rooac-
yelt was expected and clpcus was due
10 open Us canvas doors later. Coun-
try folk for miles about wore on hand.
did you ever think what an awful
thing Il would be for this country IF
the Lord were to reach down His
hand and iift Mr.. Roosevelt 10 tho
realms Of the blessed and deprive us
Of his company" asked the presl-
dent
The crowd laughed.
"As son OF ohio" the president
said, - ask for your support"
a little boy asked Mr.. Taft 10 write
a line for the hlsh school students
.rnd tstis iH what tho president wrote.
stand always by all tne people. ths
constitution and the flag
Mr.. Rooseveits hands are not red
With the blood of the BOSSES" Mr..
Taft said as the train pulled away
from the sallnville station where an
unschedulod stop was made.
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14


Sssetiai aeisHsam a. nv~nfns nesasa,
Clovis, n. A., May i4.-The first
New Mckee state Democratic ocnyen-
tlon met shortly after 10 O'clock this
morning and was immediately pre-
cipitniod into turmoil by a nzht IN
the Bernalillo county delegation
brought cu BY a disgracefui assault Oy
a. l.. Woott0n upon Summers Burk-
hart. Tho Bernatilo coenty aeleRa-
tlon was seated Oh the right side OF
che house and well to the front. Woot-
ton occupied a scat Immediately In
front Of Mr.. BnFkhart JUST before
the convention had been called 10 or
der and after the 3ernaHllo county
delegation had taken It's seat some
words passed between Wootton and
Mr. Burkhart when Wootton turned
suddenly and struck Mr.. Burkhart vlo-
lently in the face. There were few
moments of turmoil. when Woott0n
wss forced into his seat.
Immediately upon the convening OF
the assembly Mr. Barth arose and de-
mandcd that Woott0n be deprived Of
his seat IN the convention Mr. Barth
WAS supported hy DR. j. II. wrpth Of
Bernalillp county W. r. Mclill OF
Roosevelt county and others ard for
few moments Il appeared that there
would be serious trouble.
Mr. Charles Dennis OF Clovis moved
that COMMITTEES of three be appoint
cd tp adjust the difheulty Ia the Rer-
naiiiio county delegation. Although
thls motion was tabled, upon motion
by Mr. Haley Of Lincoln county, Il
served to divert the attention OF the
delegates from the more serious
matters and finally brought to the
attention of the chairman. MI. Pax
tSa. the faut that since the convention
had not orsanlzed Il was not IN a po-
sltlon te take . roll call and therefore
could not act
Al the end of the morning session
Mr.. Wootton having been made to
realize the exircme displeasure Of the
entire convention With his violent af-
tion. made an unconditional apology
10 Mr. Burkhart. which the latter ace
cepted 81 q brief speech which brought
enthusiastic Applause from the oog-
venilon. Mr uurkhart's attitude dur
ing the entire unfortunate Hffair wml
dlgnillod and commanded the reppect
and enthusiastic backing Of the entire
assembly.
ThE state central committee met at
nine o'clock this morning and proc
coeded 10 block the effort 20 reor-
aanizo tho party a. tAis convention.
The committee was practically unnni-
nous against any change IN the chair-
manship az this time and proceeded
with its slate for the organization Of
the convention without any serious
opposition
James 81 Paxton wns named ~ tem-
p0fary chairman and A. 9. Torres %
sOoorro county az temporary seefe-
tary. Judge a.. a. Richardson OF RIOS"
we'll was dotorminod on as permnn-
ont chairman and Goorso W. Iim-
merman of Las Veghs as permanent
secretary. A. G. Torres. H. Mondra-
SON, a. pncheco ana Eugcnio Ro-
nero 81 Mora county were named a.
interpreters.
Tno convention Was called 60 order
az no O'Clock by State Chairman A. n.
Hadspeth who accompanied Governor
Mcponaid 10 the platform. Mr. huda-
peth immediately introduced Tompor-
AIRY Chairman Paxton who confined
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14
.DENOUNCE COLONEL
AS Thief Of
CLOTHES
Bryan's Followers in Iowa Or
ganize to Secure Just One
More Nomination for Peer
less One from Nebraska.

MN"AN""NN
Des AlOines. Ia. May IA Declaring
that Colonel Roosevelt has stolen
political old clothes which William y
Bryan has used lOr Years, and dis-
gulsod In these. seems likely TO STAN
pede his party the Iowa Bryan
league today issued d call Cor mass
mVeting Of Bryan Democrats TO DO
held Ia Burlington tomorrow, the day
before the state convention.
'fho sfandpatters say. Nominate
Bryan and we viii vote for him. I"
SAYS tho call for the meeting. while
the Harmon supporters c0ncede the
necessity of running the Nebraskan
against Roosevelt Il the party would
win
Bryan Is the one man who mas been
strengthened by defeats and Il given
a chance win poll from 500.0 900 to A.
1000 900 more votes than any Other
presidential nominee. He Is willing
and anxious "a accept the nomination
i q ls Offered him under the right con
ditious,' concludes the call
Albuquerque evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1911-1914, 1912-05-14

Boulder. colo, NAY 1.-THE thirty
third annual oncampmeLt Of tho De.
parlment OF Colorado and Wyoming
G. "A r.. opened here p1day Com
mandlng Dexter r. 8app, IN behalf oi
the veterans responded 20 the vel
come extended by Mayor E - Webb
Routine business occupied the alton.
tion OF the visitors for the remainder
~ the day
Tonight a campfire Is scheduled al
which commander Sapp. u. \ Vaughn
Y. s. Hollister aud n. j. D0Wnen viii
~ the principal speakors