davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1912-09-15

employ him for a private yacht by the
year, and not for the summer.
For this reason it is practice anohs
the owners of the big boats to keep
on their pavroll at a monthly salary.
the year round, not only skipper, put
a first. second and often third mate
For it is highly desirable, ana prac.
tically essential. that the integrity Vi
the organization of the operating Iorce
shall not be marred through the neces-
sitv to pick up new and untried men
each season. This is for the sake, not
only of safety, but of efficiency during
the summer.
The same thing holds true of the en-
gineer's department. A chiel engineer ;
with a first and second assistant, must
be held the year round.
Also in the stewards department, al
though there it is seldom that more
than a chief and his assistant are held
for twelve months A third and fodrth
and a fifth or sixth steward. if needed,
can usually be hired for three months
only. Moreover these under stewards
are frequently merely house servants
pressed into marine service temporarily
during the summer.
The boatswain and the carpenter must
be held, too, for first-class men cannot
be obtained for the summer time alone.
Therefore, tney draw down yearly salar-
les for three months work, although DUR
ing the winter they stay by the ooat
and keep her In constant condition.
The only saving of the winter over the
summer is in the suspension of the pay
roll as regards cheap labor. Stokers and
deck hands are hired for three months
only, and usually the assistant cooks. A
chief cook must be kept however, for the
men, and frequently the chef for the
owners table is retained.
Following is reproduced table OF the
average salaries OF such stan as Is re-
ouired on each of these $50 major type
steam yachts. These are not taken from
any particular ledger They are neither
the highest nor the lowest salaries. paid
but they may be considered as fan
average Of the yearly outgo necessary
for any of the yachts owned and oper-
ated by our celebrated multi-millionaires
Evening star., 1912-09-15
BArrLEsnIPs KEADY
FoR TORPEDO FIRING

that great fighter that has just been
awarded the efficiency prize of all Uncle
Sans ships, is effectually using the tor.
pedo. 1t is on such a ship as this that
this remarkable piece of mechanism may
be seen to perform its stunts.
The torpedo is a steel cartridge some
twelve Ieet long. Its forward end is
blunt and 1t tapers toward the tail, where
are stationed the rudders and the pro-
pellers. 1t appears to be in one piece.
but there are really three parts to it. and
II may be disjointed. 1t is an automobile
and propels itself.
All this is of interest only that it leads
to an understanding of the remarkable
feats performed by this machine. In the
body of the ship. far below the water
line. is the torpedo room. Here the tor
pedoes are kept and here is the torpedo
tube which discharges them into the
water outside. From this tube the tor.
pedo is started on it's way by compressed
air, for il is self-propelling machine
and needs only start in order to make
its two-mile journey.
The remarkable thing is that the tor
pedo is merely thrust into the water from
whatever position the ship occupies 1t
is however. so adjusted that it will au-
tomatically find a certain level below the
water. will turn in the direction 1t is
intended to take, will operate its own
propellers and go careering merrily
through the water to the target for which
The manner in which it does these
things is interesting. In the first place
1t carries a complete turbine engine, and
this engine runs two little propellers at
the tail. The engine is operated by COM
pressed air. and this air has been forced
into the air chamber of the torpedo until
it is under tremendous pressure. This
supplies the force that carries the torpedo
to it's destination
When the torpedo is thrust into the
water, there is a drum in a certain por
tion of it that is exposed to the pressure
of the sea. The pressure will be greater
or less in proportion to the depth at
which the mechanism finds itself. The
drum adjusts itself accordingly. and in
doing so operates rudder at the tail of
the torpedo. This rudder brings the tor
pedo to the depth below water for which
1t has been set So will it keep at the
depth below water line at which 1t Is de-
sired that the target should be hit.
The most remarkable of all this me-
chanism is, however, the operation of the
gyroscope, which is the teamster that
drives this instrument of destruction
Evening star., 1912-09-15
To Clean Patent Leather.

ITO clean patent leather. first purchase
some French harness paste. Apply
lightly and then polish with a soft cloth
Patent leather treated in this manner
rarely if ever cracks The harness paste
softens the hard leather and also makes
1t more waterproof.
Evening star., 1912-09-15
AT The Star Score Board.

that women shouldn't vote! All these
fools out here looking at electric lights.
I'll tell the sisters about it tonight. Is
it possible that any one can wonder at
this country's going to ruin when these
men spend their hours in this manner!
And with a whitening glance at the
young man she started briskly off up 11th
street
To what extent the base ball fever will
grip a man was clearly demonstrated a
few days ago before the same board. Bob
Groom was pitching the game in Boston.
and he had the players Of the Red Sox
pretty much at his mercy. Cheer followed
cheer as he moved down the heavy hit
tiers of the Boston club.
A United States senator. a man who
was considered q strong presidential pos
sibility at one of the recent political con-
ventions, Joined the throngs on llth
street just after the second inning mad
started You could see the love OF the
game dancing in his eye, and from the
moment OF his arrival on the scene no
one in the crowd cheered louder or yelled
longer than did he.
Next to him, in the line, stood a big,
brlrly farmer, fresh from his acres IN
Virginia When an inning ended and the
players changed places from lle Heiu "
the bat the man from the country ana
the senator discussed the plays in thal
informal manner that proves one touch
of base ball makes the whole world KIN
The ninth inning still saw Groom keeping
IN his remarkable pitching. 1t ended
with the Nationals the v1ctors, ana
long after the crowd had melted away IN
different directions the farmer and tho
politician stood there on the corner ana
waxed eloquent in base ball conversation
And the sun grew low in the west before.
arm in arm. they started up the avenue.
still telling one another that Washington
had the best base ball team in the worlo.
Evening star., 1912-09-15

battleship. The steamers follow this
line. and the last one so times it's join
ing in the chase as to be near at hand
when the mechanism is exhausted.
When it runs down the torpedo, floats
and a line may be attached to it. and
it may be brought back uninjured to
the ship.
A torpedo that stuck in the mud
was the point of most concern to the
Delaware in the recent practice 1t was
of such value that it had to be recov-
cred. While it was yet emitting bub-
bles a buoy was put down at point
which was thought to be exactly over
it, In a little while one OF the small
steamers. towing two whaleboats load
ed with searchers and divers. was
lowered, went to the buoy, anchored
and proceeded in it's attempt to find
the sunken torpedo. There were sixty
feet of water at this point. and. the
only possibilities of locating the tor
pedo was by sending down diver
For twelve hours the divers felt about
the bottom of the sea before reporting
find. For twelve hours the men In the
boats directed the course of the divers by
a telephone connection that made con-
versation readily possible. For twelve
hours relays of men turned the cranks OF
below. At the end of that time the tail of
the torpedo was found sticking out of the
mud, a line was attached to it, 1t was
brought aboard and the maneuver was
ended.
IT has been demonstrated by actually
accomplishing the feat that one OF these
torpedoes will drive a hole in the strong
est battleships made. This does not mean
that the modern battleship will be sunk
from the impact of single torpedo. but
it does mean that it will be put out of the
tor Hx-il1 hox r..
formed what a rifle would do toward dis
abling an automobile. by shooting hole
in it's tires. When the men of the navy
Evening star., 1912-09-15

Boats that are worth from hundred
to ten thousand dollars may be sold for
something near their value, but not those
that are worth upward Of a hundred
thousand. The writer saw one at Bar
Harbor q few weeks ago that was offered
as a great bargain. One could buy her
at $1,000, and less than year ago she
set the owner back nearly $4,000.
this-the owning of a big yacht is one Of
the choicest experiences that can befall a
man. What more exhilarating to a sense
of power than to feel that the ship under
your feet, stanchly, wonderfully and
beautifully made. perfectly manned by
competent men. capable Of resisting every
Evening star., 1912-09-15

mission the upkeep will average S3o.W9.
Ten thousand dollars a month, and some
times the owner uses his toy less tnan
quarter of the time!
This $4,000 is made up, in addition TO
the above salary list and the fuel. table
and incidental expenses (usually the
largest item), of the following wages:
Six stokers at $40 month each for three
Ten deckhands at $50 month each for 600
Four ,nres Additional ,ijh stewards at $50 month
Third engineer at So month for three 90
-Four oilers at $50 month for three
months .-.-...-..' wv
Total ........................ Soo
This makes a crew of forty-two The
average crew of one Of those big boats
is fifty. The extra service Is made up
in the staterooms and in the saloon. This
varies greatly with the personal idlosyn-
thousand-dollar chef Another a libra
rian, another two personal servants Tor
each member of the party. whether in
his family his guests.
To estimate the balance of the cost OF
the upkeep would be rather futile un-
dertakng, as it varies SO greatly in each
case. One general rule, however. may
be here LAID down. ne upkeep VI DiS
yacht the year round will average a
thousand dollars per man of the crew.
Mr. Morgan. for instance, has a crew
very close to a hundred men on the
Corsair, and his average annual expense
in maintaining the Corsair is SlGO.oW.
In fact that Is not an unfair estimate
for the cost of upkeeping any steam
yacht large or small. which requires the
services Of employees. A comparatively
small vessel, which requires but seven
men to run, cuts into the owners bank
roll close to $1,000 for the year.
In the case of power boats and sailing
yachts the average is a bit higher. say
about 81, 800 a man a year A little motor
boat for instance, requiring a crew OF
two, will eat up about $500 in the
course of the year. racing yacht with
a crew of sixteen will cost close to $4,000
to maintain for year.
This brings up another general law
of averages in the original cost of yachts.
About a fifth of a yachts original cost
must be spent every year in maintenance.
That is certainly no alluring proposition
for a business man with a good head for
profit The yacht mentioned as costing
$1,000 a year to maintain originally cost
$4,000 and 1T is not very imposing as
yachts go nowadays The COrsair orig
inally set Mr.. Morgan back a little over
half g. million, and every year he puts
out on her close to 100000.
Another assurance that faces the yacht
owner is the fact that if he wishes to
dispose of his exquisite toy he will never
be able to realize more than small part
of his original investment. There is not
a great market for ready-made yachts
of the steam packet variety
Evening star., 1912-09-15
ial Correspondence of The Star.


Special Correspondence of The Star.
NEW YORK, September 13, 1912
THE first st. week week. in n, September Sep ,apsf
private yachts which ply
around New York harbor going
out of commission. With very
few exceptions. the other third VIII De
out of commission in another two weeks
The yachting season is short. IL covers
the three summer months While many
small vessels stay in commission Ior iroh
five to seven months, the large ones seem
to obey an unwritten law of conventional
custom, which requires that their owners
shall not operate them except in the sum-
mer time.
The marine register records that there
are more than 1000 private yachts within
thirty miles OF the Battery. This includes
all power boats as well as sailing ves-
sells of high and low degree, from yawls
manned by two up to steam yachts OF
5000 tons burden with a crew of lO0
or the 1850 members of the New York
Yacht Club, 600 own private vessels. and
of this 600 about 100 are of the major
and representing investments that bring
each up into the hundreds of thousands
of dollars 1t is with the latter compare
lively small number of vessels that this
article has to deal. They are the arch
aristrocrats of the sea.
Ii a man in New Rochelle or Sea Gate
asks a friend to spend the day on his
motor boat or yawl he is quite apt to
speak of il as his yacht But If a man
from Newport or Bar Harbor asks an
other to board his steam yacht he is al
most sure to refer to it. rather slight
ingly as his boat From the tone OF
his voice one might imagine 1t a rowboat.
Yet these boats are the most expen-
sive toys known to luxurious man. They
eat up money so rapidly that none but
cards in the game. mere millionaire
had better not apply; only multis are
eligible.
For at this season of the year, when
the expenses of the small yacht owner
cease, the expenses of the large yacht
owner are but beginning. In fact, none
of the owners Of the $50 major type stea m
yachts calculates his sailing expenses by
the summer. The ledSers comprehend
the year round.
In the first place, large steam yacht
almost invariably goes into dry dock in
the fall Even if she is not in urgent
need of overhauling. it is usually deemed
advisable to have her carefully examined
and all repairs made. even If they be
slight. AS the venture is not commercial.
the usually deterring problems OF neces-
sity do not enter the consideration.
For a major type yacht this dry dock
ing costs from one to three thousand dol
lars. Then the vessel may tie up for the
winter.
And yet the expenses are only begin
ming.
There are the officers and the heads
of departments to care for until next
summer. A skipper or an engineer com
petent to operate one of those big boats
is not to be had for three months of the
year only. A man competent to operate
a yacht like the Corsair or the Nourmahal
Is one who can easily find good COM
mercial place in charge of a large steam
vessel at an all-the-year-round salary.
Therefore, to hold him, 1t is necessary to
Evening star., 1912-09-15

r seems incredi-
BILE that a piece of
mechanism could be
placed in the wa
ter. pointed in one
direction, founder
ing at an uncertain
depth and that that
mechanism would
right itself, choose
the depth for which
il is set, turn about
in its course ana
Evening star., 1912-09-15

COME of the Most In
- genious Machines That
Have Ever Been Devised
Are Those Which Are Used
in the Navy That an Enemy
May Be Blown Up-Torpedo
Seems to Have Human In
telligence Stealth of the
Mine Makes 1t Formidable.
Evening star., 1912-09-15

destroyer fleet is sent ahead of the battle
ships. The mines are probably set SO
deeply that a destroyer will not strike
them. OF course. there is the chance
that it may, but it is the business of the
destroyer to risk itself that the battle
ship may be saved. The destroyer runs
over the mines. Some hundreds Of feet
behind the destroyer is a drag. 1t Is the
purpose of this drag to upset and explode
the mines. The destroyer is a sufficient
distance away that it is in comparative
safety. 1t may sometimes happen that
the distance is not great enough. and a
destroyer may be sunk from mine that
was deliberately exploded, but this again
is the work that is apportioned to these
vessels and it is their business to take a
chance.
Planting really ambitious mines is more
the work of the army than the navy. 1t
is generally true that there are fortresses
at the entrances Of important harbors.
The garrisons of these fortresses plant
mines all about these haroors. These
mines are laid upon the bosom at DELI
Evening star., 1912-09-15

Makes me sick he said, TO think
now my father and mother must have
worried about me when they d hear OF
some new scrapc at school every Few
days. ! always managed to get my les
sons in good shape, but | seemed 10
have enough time 10 spare 10 make ~
pretty unpleasant for the teachers one
OF em-a big fat woman named Thomas
died of heart trouble few years ago.
and I've always thought the overeXertion
of wearing out switches on me when l
was i'm her grade must have had some
thing 10 do with it,
Il happened that just a few days after
al this talk about what a bad boy he q
been in school. the business mans mother
came along from his native town up the
state To make little visit. The day aft
b her arrival she came downstairs with
fiat bundle of things under her arm,
TOOK a chair next y her daughter-in-law
ca The verapda and aAid TO her:
DO you know. I've been saving a lot
o< little keepsakes that I've had ever
Evening star., 1912-09-15

]EXT to a boarding house with
nj out a grass widow or two, about
the sca>Sest thing is man who
doesn't insist that he was bad boy
and a great trial to his teachers when
he attended school. 1t doesn't matter
much what sort of a looking man he
is He may be the meek-looking sort
that play croquet. carry pins in the
edge of their coat lapels and like cats,
but bring up the subject of the deviltry
Of Youngsters in school and he'll shake
his head refiectively and remark:
Its a wonder one of my teachers
didn't just kill me-or else hire some
one to do il. There wasn't much devil.
try taking place about the schoolhouse
that d wasn't mixed up in.
Then. if you give the man any en-
couragemeEt at all, he'll recount all
sorts of bedevilish escapades in which
he was the leader and instigator. He'll
tell of ringing the schoolbouse bell in
the early hours OF the morning-after
getting out of his upstairs bedroom by
means of a rope ladder he'd made-and
getting chased by the principal of the
school: and he'll reel off bits OF glib
10 one or another of his teachers
Its shame that hoy doesn't rea-
Jize how hard poor teacher works to
drum something into Ills head, the
man will go on: Il used 10 think |
wasn't appearing even half way smart
Unless ! was framing up schemes TO
make the teachers life miserable. Oh.
] suppose. though. II ] was dong II
over again Id be just as hard a case
as ever i aio hope that boy OF mine
doesn't get mixed up in the number OF
scrapes / did. Why. | remember the
time we broke about SIG worth of win
dows in the upper story OF the school
house because we were kept in at recess,
and my father had TO pay 50 OF II. be
cause I'd broke the most. of course,
and
And such talk as that
Young business man had been un-
coiling a lot of big talk the other day
about what a terror he was as a school
kid for the benefit of his wife. The
talk was suggested by the fact that their
own boy was getting ready for his first
Year In the public schools and they We're
hoping he would get satisfactory marks
in deportment When the youngster
wasn't within hearing the father talked
at a great rate about how the teachers
used 10 quake in their tracks when they
found he WAS IN be in their grade.
Evening star., 1912-09-15

ial Correspondence Of The Star.
NEW YORK, September 13, 1912.
-HE first week in September
sees two-thirds of the large
private yachts which ply
around New York harbor going
out of commission. With very
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-06-13

displays Of art in gardening were the
work Of the greatest OF French land.
scape gardeners. lie Notre, who laid
out the grounds surrounding Yer
sailles, Chantilly and the Tuileries.
which for two centuries have attract
ed strangers In search Of examples
OF model landscape gardening.
One may say that the harmony, the
order. the rational arrangement shown
In the gardens Of France reflect the
French taste. They may even be call
ed gardens Of intelligence admirably
illustrating Describes theory that
man is the master of nature" The
effect Of classic landscape garden
differs entirely from that produced by
a natural landscape garden. A prom
enade In a forest in the midst of
rugged trees, dense thickets, rustic
moss, gives a purely animal, sensual
pleasure, for nature dominates man:
on the other hand an intense, refined.
purely intellectual pleasure results
from a view Of the we'll ordered, well
kept, charmingly laid out French gar
den In which man dominates nature.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-06-13
[i[ljNuE4RhEyE|
R[il[1[L[pS p
AAS
o@0VS
MADE IT CITY OF GARDENS
Minneapolis Club Has Planted Hun
dreds Of Vacant Lots With Veg
etables and Flowers.

The members of the Minneapolis
Garden club planted 1926 vacant lots
to vegetables and flowers in the year
1911. 100000 square feet to vegetables
and 100000 to flowers. II distributed
$4,000 packages Of nasturtium seeds to
children; covered every vacant lot
along two miles of the main arterial
street with grass or flowers; cleared
800 acres OF rubbish, and screened TO-
900 feet of street frontage with bushy
plants.
Under its influence 700 persons. not
including its members. also gardened
vacant lots, and $4,000 had gardens
at home. Nineteen hundred acres in
all were improved. According to
figures gathered by the Survey the
cost of the Garden club was S3,6s4.43;
the value Of the crop was $11,S01.78.
In Minneapolis there are 5000 acres
Of vacant lot, sufficient to supply the
entire state with vegetables. The eco
nomic value of vacant lot gardens to
those who took them up greatly out
weighed the cost. So many vegetables
were grown that complaints were
made by the grocers. Many of the
stores were supplied with fresher veg
etables at lower cost. People in va
cant lot gardens neighborhoods bought
from the gardeners; the hotels during
the week of the Minneapolis civic
celebration served vacant lot vege-
tables.
Three hundred and twenty-five va
cant lot gardens were started. or
these only eight were abandoned
through lack of interest on the part
OF the gardeners.
For a fee of one dollar the Bar
den club gave seeds for q lot 40 by
40 feet; plowed and narrowed the
lot; provided supervision and In
struction all summer and offered val
liable prizes. 1t was soon discovered
that 1t was not necessary to get for
malpermission for the use Of lots. Since
there was no cost to them, and the
lots were to be restored In the same
II not better condition, the owners
had no objections. The local con-
gresham secured government seeds
for all the planting.
Before the middle OF summer the
garden fever had spread like q con-
tagion. Appeals were made through
the newspapers. and then by men,
bers of the club personally appealing
before clubs. lodges. Improvement or.
ganizations and other associations.