davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Summer School.

Particularly significant is the
growth of summer schools in the
Carolinas, where the movement start.
ed comparatively late. At the Uni,
versity of North Carolina there was
an attendance Of 45O this year, just
double last years enrolment. At the
normal school at Greensboro, North
Carolina, a session of eight weeks was
held, the first in the history of the
institution, and 200 enthusiastic teach.
ers were in attendance. At the sum.
mer session Of the Winthrop Normal
College, Rock Hill, South Carolina
particular attention was paid to prob
lens Of industrial education and rural
schools, and men of national promi
nence participated In the work.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Valuable Old GobeIin.

An art expert when visiting Baron
Jarmy, a member of the Hungarian
parliament, living at Budapest. re-
Gently discovered that an old piece
of carpet which was used as splash
cloth over the washstand was a piece
of Gobelin tapestry, dating from the
fourteenth century, which was still
In a good state of preservation, in
spite OF the use to which it had been
put. He offered Baron Jarmyy 5000
for it but the baron, becoming sus-
picious, had 1t valued. and learned
that 1t was worth $4,000. The Brit
ish museum has asked for the first
refusal of the apestry.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

natures rubber and delivering It at
the factories.
Fermentation is an action set up by
various kinds of germs, and Prot
Fernbach found the germ that would
Ronvert certain plentiful starchy mate
tials into fusel oil, and from this fusel
oil he obtained cheap isoprene. 1t
was this isoprene which Dr. Matthews
learned by accident how to turn into
rubber by means Of sodium. Sir
William Ramsay and his associates
believe that rubber can be made in
this way at cost of about "a cents
pound. From 25 to 28 cents a
pound is what 1t costs now to collect
rubber In the far east and amid the
forests Of the Amazon. The heaviest
after expense is involved In trans
porting the raw material to manufac-
turing centers, and also in purifying
this rubber so that 1t shall be fit to
60 into the finished products
The rubber hunter mixes the Juice
or latex of many trees, and the raw
stuff is seldom uniform and is fire.
quently filed with foreign substances,
and even pebbles, the latter hidden
away in the gum to increase the
weight. The cost Of getting rid OF
these things is heavy, and this fact
must be borne in mind In giving prop.
ler value to any process for the syn.
Jthetic making of rubber 1t is natura.
to suppose that chemical produc
ton would be subject to perfect con
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
WHEN OUR CLIPPERS SAILED
Henry Cabot Ledge Writes Of Amer
lean Vessels That Were Famous
in Their Day.

/ had something Of the sea in BOs
ton. for my father was a China mer-
chant. and after the fashions Of the
merchants OF those days, had his OF
fee in the granite block which
stretched down to the end OF Com
mercial wharf, Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge writes in Seribner's. My faith
ers counting room was at the very
end in the last division Of the block.
and from the windows | could look
out on the ships lying alongside the
wharf. They we're beautiful vessels,
American clipper ships in the days
when our ships of that type were
famous throughout the world for
speed and stanehness. | wandered
about over them. making friends with
the captains, the seamen. and the
ship-keepers and taking most ao-
sorbing interest in everything con
nected with them. They brought me
from China admirable firecrackers
and strange fireworks which ! could
not make go OF. From them, too,
came bronzes and porcelains and
pictures and carved ivories which l
was wont to look at wonderingly,
and ginger and sweetmeats and
lycheenuts (then almost unknown
here) OF which used to partake with
keen delight For the teas and silks
which filed the holds cared nothing,
but the history and adventures OF the
ships interested me greatly. was
Indifferent to those which my father
had bought and which rejoiced in such
mes as the Alfred Hill and Sarah
II. Snow. but cared enormously for
those which he had built and named
himself There was the Argonaut,
his luckiest ship, in which he told me
had an interest or share. still have
stiff picture OF her painted by a
Chinese artist In the western manner
and a very beautiful ship she must
have been. Then there were two
named for the heroes Of one OF my
fathers best-loved books, the Dor
Quixote and the Sancho Panza Ther
there were others, crack ships in theil
day, whose names appealed to my i'm
agination-the Kremlin, the Storm
King, the Cossack and the Magnet
But over all was the mystery and thu
fascination of the sea, and those wht
have been born by it and have falleI
under its spell are never happy wheI
long parted from the ocean and th'
ships.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

words the structural atoms are differ
emily arranged and the body or sub
stance thus differs from another of
the same chemical get up but with
its tiny units otherwise distributed.
I'VE soon recognized that the poly
merizing power Of heat could be
furthered by numerous chemical ad.
mixtures, but we soon found that
there are many more substances that
work In opposition to this end In
August OF 1909 | obtained the first
rubber polymerlzed by heat In the
laboratory of the Elberfeld works. In
september Of that year l submitted
sample of this material to DR.
Gerlach. He was the first to confirm
that our product actually contained
caoutchouc. A month later Harries
tested our synthetic material with
his ozone method, and by this means
was able to establish that our heat
polymeriIed isoprene was veritab BILE
india rubber"
DR.. Hofmann frankly admits that
ghould the extensive rubber planta-
tlons cultivated under English direc.
ton in the Malay Archipelago meet
expectations synthetic rubber will not
be SO necessary in supplying at a
more reasonable rate the present
market. However, he says that the
synthesist has so adjusted conditions
that he can compete with his ware in
price and quality with the natural
product
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Uniuue Archlpelaoo.

The Maldive archipelago, lying in
the Indian ocean, several hundred
miles southwest of the southern point
of Hindustan, is inhabited, but 1t
rarely sees visitors from the civil
lied world These islands, ali COM
posed of coral rocks, are no fewer
than $4,000 in number. Few of them
rise more than seven or eight feet
above the sea level, although they
contain cocoanut palms and other
forms of vegetation. Hundreds and
hundreds of little islands, ranged
round in a circle, form atolls or
rings, having quiet waters within.
Occasionally, in this unique group,
an individual island is found in the
form Of a ring with a smooth lake
inclosed in It's coral embrace.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

troll and that the synthetic rubber fac
tory would be locaAed where It could
reach easily its raw materials and It's
market for the finished output
Climatic and geographical conditions
have prescribed the zones in which
the rubber plant can be successfully
grown, even though its cultivation be
subject to scientific methods and are
free from the haphazard ways Of the
rubber hunter.
In England the present discoveries
are hailed by Sir William Ramsay
and his fellows not so much as a prom
ise Of commercial advantage but as
a professional achievement which
puts the British chemist ahead OF his
rivals acros5 the Channel. That the
Germans have good reason to be salts
fed with their own accomplishments
in this very field is undoubtedly true.
The Germans claim that they have
now a method for making rubber
synthetically which will soon be ready
to compete with the output OF the
tropical forests.
Back In the SOS Tilden, an English
man. gave long study to the problem
Of making synthetic rubber. but aban.
doned his work finally because he did
not believe the attainment practicable.
The individual was powerless to cope
with so gigantic a problem and his
resources were unequal to the task.
Capital was necessary as well as the
united efforts of many men. In fact
in one factory alone in Germany there
we're 800 college bred chemistsconcen.
trating upon the technical researches
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

litres Of IT, This showed US that We
had the right formulAe. the scientific
execution Of which was no longer
questionable. But with the making
of isoprene our troubles were not
ended; on the contrary. they were but
beginning.
We were confronted with the pro
blem Of converting this liquid into
that tough. elastic, plastic colloid
which was to be a successful substi-
tute for rubber, in truth its very
counterpart Theoretically the task
was easy. because. as Beilstein says,
isoprene Is converted into caoutchouc
by treating It with muriatic acid. OF
course, We tried that at once. but for
our pains We got nothing but oily
chlorides-not a trace Of rubber. We
we're apparently deHed.
We tried all sorts Of likely and
imaginable physical and chemical
mediums in connection with isoprene.
but the wllful stun refused to thieken.
Finally / discovered the power to per
form this miracle hidden away In
heat There was nothing new in
heating isoprene, but the result we
obtained thereby was new Other
authorities had tried heat. but all they
got was either an oily or at best a
resinous substance.
Polymerism in chemistry is that
property peculiar to some compounds
by which they differ in their mole
cular weights and also in their chemi.
cal properties even when formed from
the same elements and combined in
the same proportions In other
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Crime to Kiss.

In Russia 1t is a crime for loysHt
to kiss in public, and not very loRg
ago two young men and two younl
women were arrested in Odessa iui
having been guilty of this OHense
They had all been dining together q
restaurant. and kissed on parting
They were condemned to short sefHi
of Imprisonment, and the sentences
were confirmed on appeal. The gsn
eral fine in Russia for kiss 10 IA'
open street is Is shillings but ID
tramcar it may cost anything up .
rs shillings.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Wild Ones.

Charles Crafty, the noted sculpsa,
was talking at his summer home It
Folly Grove, near Gloucester, about
the quaint humor of the GlOueestsr
fishermen.
"In Gloucester one day" he said
"as l idled among the shipping q
old salt began to narrate his expet
ences to me.
Wunst,' he said, I was ship
WRECKED in the South sea, and thar
come across a tribe Of wild womsE
without tongues.
"'Wild women without tonguesl
said |. Goodness! How could thel
talk"
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Substantial Tributes to Scientist.

Hundreds of letters containing
money orders or bank notes are ar.
irving daily at the home at Serignan,
in Providence, of Henri Fabre, the
insects Homer" who is in his nine
tieth year M. Fabre, who protests
against the reports of his poverty, is
sending all the money back where
addresses are known, while the sums
forwarded by anonymous donors are
being distributed among the poor Of
Serignan
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

- petition with the Juice
Of the trees and plants which 30 lo2s
have supplied the rubber commerce!
Just at the present time English
and German chemists are disputng
over their claims to precedence In
finding a way to create from certain
raw materials a chemical counterpart
Of natural rubber. The world at large
is not directly concerned in the deter
mination of this question Of priority,
but 1t has a very deep interest in the
commercial practicability Of these dis
eoveries.
Two years ago DR.. +. E. Matthews
Of England, then associated with
other distinguished chemists, among
them Prof. W. H. Perkin. Sir William
Ramsay and Prof. Fernbach. was seek
ing to perfect a cheap process for the
manufacture OF synthetic rubber and
BY chance left some isoprene and
metallic sodium In contact for
period Of about two months, going on
in the meanwhile for his summer out
ing. Upon his return DR.. Matthews
was amazed to find that the isoprene
had In the interval been converted
ilto solid rubber. The long sought
key to the riddle was thus uncovered
by ar accident.
Isoprene is an oily, volatile hydro
carbon. It was obtained by distilla-
ton from caoutchouc fifty years ago
by Williams, and the analysis OF iso-
prene showed that 1t was chemically
identical with the oil OF turpentine.
The problem since that day has been
twofold; first, to derive isoprene from
abundant raw materials, and then to
effect its conversion into rubber
through the medium Of plentiful and
cheap reagents. In order to compete
with natures product 1t was neces-
sary that artificial rubber should be
made in large quantities and at a
cost which would put 1t on a par at
least with the expense Of gathering
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

rhcasands upon thousands q 81
periments have thus been brought %
a erystallized knowledge which makes
II possible and practicable to emeafa
upon the manufacture Of rubber syn
thetically from available cheap nate
rails The plantations In the fAr
east have been developing over q
period OF fully thirty-ave years. ana
In a sense they have the start OF the
artificial product In a QuanutatiVe
estimate. but this advantage VIII not
continue II the chemist manufacturer
can make rubber synthetieally as
eheaply as DR.. Holman predicts.
In 1910 and 1911 the world Produe-
ton Of india rubber reached a total
Of about $4,000 tons and the Worid
consumption Of eaoutchoue was In the
neighborhood Of $4,000 tons. F1gur-
ing the cost Of this rubber at an aver
age Of 81 a pound the total value OF
the production reaches s160,OO0.000.
Synthetic rubber, 1t is believed
would make It possible to widen ths
field Of application OF rubber. MAKE
shifts and substitutes Of one sort or
another are now used In many direc-
tons because natural rubber is too
expensive. Therefore, the public Is
interested in the artificial product
first because It will add stability 70
the price of the rubber from trees, ana
next It viii make 1t possible to Apply
it in many ways now prohibited oy
price and the relatively limited out
put OF plantations and the Wild
growth
Whether the basic isoprene be made
from a starchy substance after the
English process or from produes oi
coal as DIR. Hoffman, has chosen
there will be immense quantities Oh
by.products which will be a parl Of
the systems employed in making $50
preI, and in converting it into coun'
terpart caoutchouc in either case. II
would be financially prohibitivd tc
neglect these by.products In con7en
trating upon the manufacture OF arti
fetal rubber
DR. HOFFMAN, says that II rs pei
cent of artificial rubber could be pro
duced from every pound Of basic mate
rial then a factory turning out hal
a million pounds a day would require
100000 pounds Of the mother suo
stance. quarters of which would
accumulate every twenty-four hours II
the form Of by-products. This giVe'
AN idea Of what the chemist-manutac
turer has before him, even though th'
secret Of synthetic rubber has beer
solved. With characteristic thorough
ness. the Germans are working ava!
at this end OF the question
So far as is known the German
synthetic rubber has met all the e1
acting tests and analyses of othe
German chemists. On the other hand
It is said that the English artiticia
rubber is not chemically Identical Il
its atomic makeup with natural caou'
chouc. and the critics declare that thi
artificial substitute will not meet a.
Of the requirements. 1t seems tina
the artificial rubber contains on
atom of carbon less than nature
caoutchouc. and whether or not TIL
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Course Of MatrImnnx.

A course Of matrimony has been
included in the curriculum of the Gar.
dens Agricultural High school, Los
Angeles Five classes of girls are
daily taking advantage of instruction
in courtship, matrimony, the care Of
babies, mother-craft, and domestic
science.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
Growth Attached to Il.

You've been sleeping in the tele-
phone booth, l believe" said the
manager of the summer hotel.
YES"
81 can give you a billiard table now.
If you like"
mo; I'll stick to the booth. rath
er like the room. 1t isn't large, hut
it's cosy"
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

Father, what do you think Of the
recall?"
We'll, my dear, | hardly know.
Some people think 1t is dangerous.
But why do you ask?"
Il sent Ferdy away last night, and
now I'm sorry"
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
AFTER THE DocrOR FAIEEDl

Even the most stubborn eass' =
malaria yield to Elixir Babek, ....,ss
"In the summer OF 1896, l contfae.s. s..v !.
the disease known as Malaria. AI.ss
years fruitless treatment by pfonl.l
ent Washington physician was y
tirely cured by your Elixir Iassie1 " ( m
Brasle OIagan, Troop E 6th d,.orssfg y, rss'.
1t is equally good for bilious ulsyss-' ..e.,s y
Kloczewslfi a. Co, ,Washington,.D.e .D.e' e.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
ENCOURAGING Olive Growing.

A sum of two million francs will be
distributed this year and every sue.
ceeding year until 1921 among the
French olive growers. There will be
4 bounty averaging s1.17 an acre.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

Unless you have met the mols
tooth you have no idea Of real e1els Z
just after her first baby has CUT y
ment.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11
COLD BLOODED AND

Chills; Rev. James Reed, Gainesville els. ~ n +
II have used your Cheat ham Chlll Jvs| sssl X
family and can recommend II TO eyeNVtas ssfHa
with Chills and Fever. II cured WI WIZ m M
other remedies failed" Price bVc. ~ Ynass ss d
anteed by all dealers A. b. Riehafas ss1s'.
Sherman, Texas Adv.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

Many a man fools himself WIZ i
belief that his wisdom is supef@
that of the late Mr.. Solomon.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

difference will prove vital either al
once or later in the employment Of
the synthetic substance has yet to be
established.
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

A fussy woman says the next wv,
annoying thing to q man In the n0ss'
Is a fly
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

City Cousin-The hotel you =
stopping at. was 1t on the Amsrs..-
or European plani
Country Cousin-Waal, / don't s
exactly know, but l think il mus, =.
bin on tn get-rich-quiek plan
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

8 the world on the eve
OF another commercial
revolution due to an
accidental chemical
discovery? Is synthe-
tic rubber going TO
take its place upon
equal terms Of com
petition with the Juice
The Southern herald., 1912-10-11

aGENTs-FoR THE GREATEsaT sTefsd RAJ 4
Lace Curtain proposition ever DynRt M
f12 per day. HAMMONS
West saith st.. Ne
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26

NEVADA EQUAL FRANCHISE So
cioty, Phoebe Branch, meets every
Thursday afternoon at . O'Clock at
Union Sunday School building.
MRS. ALIEN. ORR, Pres.
MRS. c. A. THOMPSON,
Secretary.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26
MRS. GIlMAN'S TALK FOR
EQUAL FRANCHISE CAUSE

Mrs Charlotte Perkins Gilman dc
lirc.yd u very interesting address al
Thompson's opera hail last Monday
night upon the question OF equal
franchise
Mrs. Gilman was greeted by the
largest audience seen in the opera
hall In many month and that she
found great deal Of sentiment fay
orable - Votes fr Women Wa
plainly evidenced by the hearty ap'
plause at intervals during her adj
dress. Her argument was logical and
convincing and showed the speaker t,
be woman OF great int ilectGal ca
pacity
Mrs Gilman spoke at Calicnte 81
Tuesday evening.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26
THE PRICE HOUSE

The reliable place to stop while
you are In Phoebe. Meals served In
connection.
THE PRICE HOUSE
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26
CAl,ENTE CANDIDATES
PAY PiOCHE A VISIT

W. b. Pace, Republican nomlnt,
fro state senator; Geo. NJ. BAKER, ne
public an nominee for assemblyman.
and H. S. Laney, Progressive nom
inee for distssrict attorney; were II.
the city during the week upon a
campaigning "trip.
All htroe are making the county
seat question the issue of Their can
vass. They also visited Bristol ant
returned to panaca and Caiiehte yes
t. day
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26
piocile Local News
SCHOOL SUPPLIES

Smelling tablets, scratch pads. eX'
animation paper, composition books
and other school supplies can
be obtained at The Record office.
A new stock just arrived,
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1912-10-26
SHOE REPAIRING

Mich Baoie, shoemaker. IS now
located in the j G. Brown build
ing on Lacour street Harness mend
Ing also. -
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1912-12-19
RETURNS FROM CONVENTION
Mr.. Trenary Attends Annual Meeting
of Commercial School Managers


Mr.. Otis L. Trenary of the College
Of Commerce, has just returned from
Chicago where he has been attending
the second annual convention of the
Stereotype Users Association held on
Monday and Tuesday at the IaSalle
Hotel in that city. This association is
composed of the proprietors and manag-
ers Of one hundred and fifty Of the lead
ing commercial colleges of the country
who have been selected by reason of
their high standing in the field of com
mercial education to teach the new and
wonderful system Of shorthand writing
/ by means of a machine called the steno-
type. The stereotype, as its name i'm
plies, is a machine for writing words
phonetically by printing them out in
type letters of the ordinary alphabet.
1t is the most rapid and accurate sys-
tenn Of recording dictation ever invent
ed and promises to replace in very
short time the old method Of pencil
written shorthand
In line with its progressive policy,
the College of Commerce has establish
ed department for teaching steno-
typy and is prepared to give a very
the ouch course of instruction in this
subject.
The main object Of the gathering in
Chicago was to establish and perfect
plans for the development Of higher
efficiency in business training in gem
eralS with special attention to the steno-
type which marks very material adj
vance in this direction. The delegates,
representing all sections of the country,
left the convention very enthusiastic
over the work that had been accom-
plished.
The entire proceedings of the Com
mercial School Managers Association
were reported on the stereotype by a
young girl with as much ease as one
plays selection on the piano.