davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
AZ A BUSINESS GIRL
SEES THINGS.

Do your Christass shoppint early!
Oely three more shoppiaS days until
Chrissass!-sad oaly four more days IN.
Ill ehsss fssiiisr sietsss will be about o.
thsiliiss o cold eoGee, aad will 70 iato
retirsasss ios saothsr year. The busi-
ssss tiris in eoaeos with the rest Of the
fsoiaise world, are using every spare
0ooest crochetias seckties sad moao-
tssoaial towels. At the zane time their
busisess. II .os dema.dial hours Of over
tias,is pssssial thso hard with the vacs.
tioss thss osst be prepared for in I'D.
vssce. ssd the close Of the years work
10 sssr. All Of which 10 20 more thsa
fair. but whether we have or have sot
'dons il early We have bees II On uaususl
sensios for an unusually ioaE tine. Now
We are toinS to have . bit Of space, .
week Or day or half day ia which to
be Tres. Ist vs. let 70 entirely snd just sb-
sorb every bit Of frivolity sad brightness
aad irresponsible JOY and pure ozone We
cas touch. isstesd Of being dysamos r..
istia9 sessty, Iets be blottinS paper, it's
most rsfreshinS.
But perhaps you can't lesve your busi-
ness trials asd triuaphs, your sense Of
responsibility behind you, like buttons in
q show case or the paper knife in the
desk, sot many Of US crs. for that mat
ter eot many Of us could lconcentrste our
ninds istently for hours at . time when
we started to school, and we have been
toilisS industriously to acquire that same
coooestrstion ever since. Relaxation,
the relief shift and reserve 1uard, is no
gracious tift Of some kind fairy to Us in
our cradles but study in development,
reQuirint determination and practice be.
fore it lrows into power and chrystallize-
isto habit Then in this joyous respite
from routine, with its wealth Of isspira.
tion and jollity and Eay good cheer let Us
0pen wide our hearts to il, revel in it and
with oil the reckless absndon in the
World-let 10.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.

Dspartnsnt d Tie Intsror
U. s. Lsnl OGcs At Lamar. CeIs.
kovs.,Ssr l6. 1912.
Notice s hereby sivsa that Francis TasIsy. Of Holly
Colo who. March 2 1905 made hsmsstssd entry No.
8l4l serial No. 0i706. for southeast quarter, section l.
tewssp "a SOUTH range " west. Of The si.k principal
sraa has slsd notice of make ssal svs year
pree establish clam the land shove dsseriLs before
U. s. ce.aisssasr Il. NJ ZsEassr) al Holly. Colo. on
the 30th day Of Dsssnber. 1912.
Claiaas.t .sass ss wi,ssssss: Altos H. Jones. Jsmss
Baker, Franz L. Sssrs and job. E. Murphy ell Of Holly.
Coisrsas.
Esssse N. WAiisksr, Rssis,sr.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Dspartmsn, ef The Interior.

Department Il the lnterior.
U. S. Land OGce al Lamar. Colorado.
November q. 1912
Notice is hereby given that Erns Csstse Of Holly.
Cello. wh.. March T. 1907 msds homsstssd entry No.
1885 serial Ne 0270l. for northwest quarter Section II.
To~nshp Is south. Range Al west 9th principal meridian.
has Sled notice s Intention make 6ns three proof.
establish claim the land .bovs described before the
U. S. commits sonsr. Il. N. ZsnGer)st Holly. Colorado.
the 18Th day Of January. 1918.
Claimant nance Witnesses; Miehssi L. Dowdal,
James L. Smith. William H. Hurley cad Dudley M.ihs1.
ell Of Holly. Colorado.
Eugene NJ. Whitaker. Register.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20

Methodist.
Sunday, December 22nd.
10 a. N. Sunday School.
III 90 a. m. Morning Sermon.
Subject: Jesus"
100 p. m. Epworth League,
Subject: "Christ's TRANSPORTATION,
and Oun." Leader. J.>Y. Warner.
1880 p. N. Evening Sermon.
Subject: Christmas"
A cordial invitation to all.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.

Department Of the Interior.
U. S. Land O8ss ., Lamar. Colo.
November 49, 1912.
Notice is hsrsby given that George W. Moore Of Holly.
Colo. who. May l6. 1909. made homestead entry
Ssri. No. 05505. for southwest. quarter Section town
ship 8 south. range 9th principal meridian. hss
Sled Of insnon make final three proof.
establish claim the land .bove described. bsfers the
U. s. eeu.msseaer. H. N. Z.lnssr) ., Holly Colorado.
the 30th day Of December. 1912.
Clsimsnt witnesses: George II. Msvs, W..
3. Hssssrty. James N. MeCurry and Walter r. Smith.
sl Of Holly. Colorado.
Eugene N. Whitaker. Register.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
Catholic

Services at the Catholic church
every second and fourth Sunday or
each month. at 10 u N.
All are welcome.
Rev. j. A. BAsTIEN. Pastor.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20

Let US get you up some sta
t,onery that will be a credit to
your businessmen a detriment.
The price will be practically the
same, and you'll have something
you'll be proud Of. Tho Holly
"nieftain.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
AMONG THE CHURCHES
Presbyterian.

Sunday, December 22nd.
9:45 a. IA. Sunday School.
ii a. IN. Morning Sermon Sub
ject: The Prince OF Peace" A
Christmas sermon.
2:3O p. m. Junior Meeting.
6:45 p. N. Young Peoples meet.
ing.
7:30 p. N. Evening sermon. Sub.
ject: The Wonderful Name" A
Christmas sermon.
Everybody is invited to attend.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20

Patronize Chieftain advertisers.
1t means the continued prosperity
Of our town. Mostgomery-Ward
have never as yet built up any
thing but a mail order business.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
Rev. Irl R. Hicks 1913 Almanac

The Rev. Irl r. Hicks Almanac for
1918 10 now ready Il is the most splen-
did number Of this popular Year book
ever printed. Its value has been more
than ever proven by remarkab able fulfill
ments OF its storm, weather and earth
quake forecasts this year. Professor Hicks
justly merits the confidence and support
Of oil the people. Don't fail to send 3Sc
for his 1918 Almanac, or only one dollar
for his splendid magazine and almanac
one year. The best one dollar invest
ment possible in any home or busines %
Sesd to Word and Works Publishing
Company, 34Ol Franklin Ave, St. Louis,
Mo
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
FoiIs . Foul Plot.

When shameful plot exists bet weeo liv-
er and bowels to cause distress by refus-
in& to act, take DR.. kings New Life PiIls
and stops abuse Of your system. They
Eestly compel right sction Of stomach,
liver ssd bowels, sad restore your health
and oil food feelinfs. IS cents At all
druggists.
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20
For Sale.

Six 40 acre tracts Of beet land un-
der Bessemer ditch. 8 miles from Pu-
eblo on Santa Fe Trail in Vineland
district. full water right in Old Relia-
BILE Bessemer Ditch. $4,000 per acre
on liberal terms. Liberal discount for
each
The Holly chieftain., 1912-12-20

}. II jenkins. Owner,
Care Commerce Club. Pueblo.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
PONTOON
TO BUILD Crane

The big pontoon which Is to carry
the largest floating crane in the world,
desfngned for use at Pearl Harbor.
will be buffesting its way toward Ho-
nolulu in tow of the tug Hercules
within few days. Last Wednesday
the pontoon was launched at the
Union Iron Works. San Francisco, and
as soon as everything can be made
ready, the long tow will be commenc-
ed
The pontoon is 125 feet long, IS
feet wide IA feet deep. The giant
crane which it is to carry will have
4 listing capacity of $50 tons, and will
be the largest.
The contract price Of the crane COM
pIeted is 1926 700 this being held by
a Cleveland firm All the structural
steel for the crane is now landed on
the navy dock. and as soon as the pom
toon arrived the work of erection will
be started, andw hen finished, the
crane complete will be towed to Pearl
Harbor.
The hosting machinery is to be
operated by the latest model Diesel
engines, while storage batteries will
be carried as an ouxflliary, and to sup
ply power for lighting.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
new PUUNENE
HOSPITAL WORK

Especial Star Bulletin Correspondence
WAILUKU, Maui, Sept. 5.-The new
Puunene hospital, which is being cree.
ted near the corner of the roads lead
ing from Puunene to Spreckelsyille
and from Kahului to Knla is being
rapidly pushed ahead The situation
of the building is excellent. There is
good view of Kahului and west
Maui, while in the other direction one
can see Haleakala and wide
stretch of cane fields. A good breeze
sweeps across the plain. so that the
hospital will always be cool.
An excellent approach is being put
in, with macadam drives entering from
10th directions. The government
roads in the neighborhood are being
well laid out and maeadamiZed. A
portico with cement entrance to the
hospital will make the building con-
yenient in rainy weather.
The plan involves an outlay OF
something like $4,000. The best
equipment obtainable goes into the
new hospital, which will be under the
care of DR.. Frank E. Sawyer. The old
Puunene hospital will no longer be
used as such, but all the patients will
be cared for at this new hospital be-
ing built by. the Hawaiian CONNER
eial & Sugar Company.
Maui Churches.
The semi-annual meeting of the
Maui Association of Evangelical
Churches will be held at Kaunakakai,
Molokai, beginning Saturday, Septem-
Der 18th, and lasting until Tuesday
evening, Sept 18th. The Mikahala
will take the ministers and delegates
from Maui from Kahului on Saturday,
and bring them back to Lahaina on the
morning of Wednesday. 1t is expect,
ed that large number of people will
he present at this meeting. coming
both from Maui and Molokai. Several
will also be present from the Hawaii
an board in Honolulu, Messrs. Ka-
lua, r. j. K. Nawahine, Kahokuoluna
and Dodge are the program commit
tee to arrange the work of the three
days: Elaborate preparations for the
entertainment of the guests have been
made by George p. Cooke, Rev. I. d.
Iaea, and the deacons and committees
of the Kaluaaha and Kaunakakai
churches.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
DIR. ROSS SEEKS
ART TREASURE

The local colony of artists was
given an opportunity this morning Of
meeting with one of the most prom
;nent authorities and collectors of art
objects. of the present day in the per-
son Of DR.. Denman Waldo Ross, who
is passenger in the Japanese liner
.Chiyo Maru, who spent the day at
Honolulu in very profitable manner.
DR. Ross was met at the wharf this
morning by several well known Ho-
nolulu art connoiseurs who were pre-.
scented to other members of the DR..
Ross party, including T. Arthur Mac
Lean and Henry E. Wetzel of the
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. DR..
Ross, cousin, Miss Louise Mathurst,
is also accompanying the party. DIR.
Ross, who is painter, is also trus-
tee of the Boston Museum of Fine
Arts.
While the art mission is person
ally conducted by DR.. Ross, the Bos-
ton museum will be the, chief benefi-
ciary from the large collection of art
objects which it is hoped to collect.
The mission will stop in Japan for
q few weeks and then go to China
for a two months stay, proceeding
thence to- AMMAN. Indo-C China, Siam,
Burmah. the Indian Deccan, Ceylon,
the Punjab and Egypt. The travels
in the Orient and Egypt will consume
about eight months and a four.
months stay will be made in Eu-
rope
The stay of the party will be linn
tied to five o'clock this evening, at
which hour the Chiyo Maru takes a
departure for Japan and China ports.
Dr. Ross, who is a lecturer of design
at Harvard University states that he
hopes to get together a large, collec-i
ton of art objects peculiar to the
Orient These will include Chinese
and japanese lacquered and clois-
some ware, paintings and other ex-I
amples of the arts and crafts in the
countries to be visited A special
effort will be made to secure a typi-|
cal collection of paintings of the Chi
nese renaissance, no noteworthy ex-I
hibit gof which is yet on hand in the
United States. The mission will also
visit the ancient seats of the Budd-l
hist religion and teaching, including
Ceylon and Madras. An effort will
also be made to bring to this country
one of the marble edicts of King
Asoka. promulgated for the further
ance of the Buddhist teachings in the
third century. B. G.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
PAVE QUESTION


If It was done by his consent. and
replied that It was. The on.
notice did not show that the CT.
nor had consented to II g re00'
BY the law.
Another point involved Is that
Supervisors have authorized d.
lay stone blocks between the II.
and bitulithic between the 1o..
tracks. whereas the demand 81
Territory Is that we cover the WI.
darn thing with bitulifhic. beI~.
the tracks and everything. So
Territory takes dIfferen u
from the Supervisors. Why til.
so Is not explained yet.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06

With the republican primaries TAX
ing place tomorrow, harmony Is re
ported from all but four Of the pre-,
cincts, agreements having been reach
cd whereby with the exception o.
those to be named. there is but one
ticket In the field. In the ninth Of the
Fifth there are two tickets one being
designated the Kuhio ticket" They
ere as follows:
William Ahana. d. Harbottle,
Charles Holoua, jeanette, KNmai, ].
Medeiros. ]. Stubblebeen.
The Kuhio ticket-H. Aiapai, (Ka-
iua) ]. p. Dias, fKeo Kia) L. ]. Feary.
(Lui) K Kaauwai, fMakakao) VIII
linn A. Kane, ID. Kauahip1ulo. J. II.
Kealoha, T. Keolanui, s. Mahelona,
(Kolomana) Geo. Maluna, Amoka Ma
vac, NJ. B. Punahu
In the first of the fourth there are
twenty-six candidates for ne eleven
places in the county convention. tus
the contest is concentrated I'm tw6
|tickets-the Berdnt and the Logan
having to do with the Enforcement OF
d candidate for supervisor. Aconso
end Towse, both seeking endorsement
for representative, are on the Berndt
ticket. The lists are as follows:
Berndt ticket-Affonso. Bath.
Eerndt. Bromley, Douthitt. Freitas.
Kauai, Makalena, Nieper, Towse, e.
w. Quinn.
Logan ticket Clark. Fiddes. Holm
ger, Hull, Jacobson. Logan, c. Lucas.
Mills, Menezes. Neill, Noa
Scattering Crane, Guild, Kamai.
Macpherson.
In the fifth of the Fourth there are
two tickets one of which claims that
it is put in opposition to ring rule. Z
This ticket is as follows: A. ". Beaver
j. ". Fernandez, II. A. Giles, Edwin
hughes, j. A. Kennedy, Thomas v.
King, James w. Lloyd. John Lucas.
Geo. A. Martin, Edwin H Paris, Oliver
C. Scott. John Walker, James A. VIII
Iiams, Charles Hustace, Jr.
The opposition ticket reads: Charles
G Ballentyne, Guy H. Buttolph. ,.
Walter Doyle, w. w Harris, L. M.
Judd, w. J. Karratti, F. D. Lowrey. G.
G. Owen, John Smith, Henry F. Wich-
man. C. w. zeigler.
The Quinn-Pringle controversy
among the Democrats of Kaimuki re-
ceived an additional impetus last
night when the Democratic Territorial
Central Committee ruled that Pringle
who had been expelled from the pre-
cinet club by the Quinn faction must
be re-instated at once, It being heti
that the expulsion was not according
TO the rules of the party.
When informed Of the action of the
Committee this morning, Quinn said
he did not care what action the COM
Taittee has taken, that the club had
expelled Pringle and he would rema-
expelled.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
Club Is Formed To Get Action
from Authorities instead
of Promises

Palama is to have an improvement
Club. At a meeting held last night
action was begun to get the people
of that district organized and tc
place an outline OF the. various needs
before the municipal authorities.
There We're about fifteen men pres
ent at the meeting and Harry Aud
was elected president and Spencer
Bowen secretary. The meeting was
addressed by Bertram Won Damn,
who spoke of certain conditions ex,
listing in the district that should be
attended to, and by George Guild
who helped along the Improvement
spirit A committee with Harry Aud
as chairman and Spencer Bowen as
secretary, was appointed to go into
the necessary details as to the var
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
DIPLOMAT FROM
JAPAN in CITY

Hon. Y Hioki, Japanese minister to
Chill. is q passenger in the Japanese
steamer Kiyo Maru, which arrived
this morning from Japan, where he
has been visiting with his family.
Hioki is one of the well-known Jap
anese diplomats, stationed in South
America He passed through here
with his family about a year ago, en-
route to Japan. He is now returning
to his post in Chilli.
AS soon as the Kiyo Maru locked
this morning, Acting Consul General
Y. Mort greeted the diplomat and
with him motored out to the Mochi-
zuki Club. where a Japanese lunch
con was partaken of by the party. Mr..
Hioki is accompanied by his wife.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06

IHarbor. This. as the naval key to
the Pacific. is considered Of primary
| importance by military and naval men.
II is known that q network OF mill.
tary roads. elaborafink on the plan
lof General Murray. q also one Of the
important points taken up By the de.
Tense board. With Sehofield Barracks
| as the hub of the military wheel, roads
passable for field artillery are to "a.
date spokeWise to pregnable points
/ on the coast line, so that Id the event
iof an attempted landing BY hostile
forces. troops could be rushed to en-
gage il q repelling action.
Also. position batteries. Of small
caliber pieces: to guard the most like
) " landing places. VIII probably figure
in the Recommendations These lat
ter would be in addition to the mortar
batteries. and would be designed to
concentrate fire on small boats car
rying men and ammunition.
More Trocns.
That the army Of Oahu viii be
greatly increased has been known for
some time. 1T was announced nearly
q year ago that the ultimate garrison
contemplated would include full reg
iment of field artillery, one Of cavalry,
six of infantry and ten companies Of
coast artillery. and one 81 engineers.
together with the necessary auxiliary.
troops REQUIRED. Now the guess Of
military experts isrfhat the sending
of these troops Immediately will be
urged by the defense board. and that
quite possibly a second cavalry reet
ment VIII be asked for
Taken as q whole. army men here
are inclined to think that the results
of the report which viii be on its way
to. washington today will be far reach.
ing as regards the future of the Ha-
waiianS Islands. For five weeks, or
since July 81, tosbe exact. the defense
board has been untiringly at work,
and, practically as well as on the map,
every square foot of Oahu has been
covered. General Macomb and Major
Wooten knew the island from end to
end and from side to side long before
the board convened, and it was not
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
MAUI NOTES

2
Especial star-Bulletin Correspondence
MAILUKU. September Miss
Charlotte l.. Turned is spending three
weeks in Honolulu. She is visiting
friends in Manoa Valley, and expects
TO return to Maui this week.
Clarence G. White and family re-
turned last Saturday after several
Eonths spent in Cleveland, Ohio, with
his people. Some time was also spent
with other relatives. The family ex-
pected to lie back earlier, but SICK
nes delayed them Mrs. BarroWs came
tu Maui with Mr.. and Mrs. White,
.spent last Saturday and returned to
the coast on the same Lurline.
+. F. Jones has succeeded George
Trimble as engineer for the Island
Electric Company Mr.. and Mrs.
Jones have moved into d. F. Carey's
house on Main street.
c. C. Clarke and family left las.
Friday for Hopolulu Mr.. Clarke has
been editor OF the Maui News until re-
Gently. v. L. Stevenson formerly watn
the Advertiser in. Honolulu has. sue
ceeded Mr.. Clarke.
nj. BENJAMIN Bairos, teacher in the
Mckinley High School has been pay
ing an interesting visit to Maui in be-
half OF the Anti-tuber1ulosis crusade.
He has large audiences on the La
haina side of the island, and for the
last three weeks has been showing
slides and lecturing to large audiences
Ia Central Maui. In Wailuku he
spoke ct the Orpheum one night. and
gave day exhibits at INC Alexander
Hcuse kindergarten rooms In Ka-
hciui he spoke IN the Union Church
His campaign throughout Paia and Ma
kawao has been very successful also,
as people have surned out well wher-
ever he kas been. He is good speak
er and holds the attention Of his hear
ers.
Toni Abreu and Miss Othilia Burlem
were married in July in Hflo. They
spent their honey moon at the Crater
Hotel
Mrs. Charles A. Cottrill spent the
month OF July and a part of August
with her friends Mr.. and Mrs. w. F.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
DEFENSE PLANS

-
Concerned from Puse y
are SO vast that report Of 1000 pages
could not discuss all OF them, with
possible solutions. Coast defense, re
pulsion of landing parties, sources Of
food supply, disposition of mobile
troops, sanitation, protection Of
naval and military bases. reception
of reinforeeTnents. and last, but by
no means the least. the disposition Of
the alien population in time Of war
are some Of the many questions
which, it is presumed by military ex.
perts, the defense board has been
considering, and has reported on.
Take the last contingency up for
discussion first. There are some 49,
900 male Orientals In Honolulu, q
large number of whom, should the
United States be at war with q Far
Eastern nation, would be presumably
hostile to the defenders Of the island.
What is to be done with them Army
men would say as general rule
that they would not be permitted
within the American lines, but in
this case the lines are the shores of
Oahu, and unless this vast horde
was to be set adrift in sampans, it
would necessarily have to remain
within the lines, cognizant of every
move that was being made, and in
position to keep the enemy informed.
1t would presumably take a large
number of troops to prevent an arm
ed uprising, as quite number of the
aliens here are known to have had
military training. and to be capable
of organizing into formidable force
ON short notice.
Sanitary Troops Needed.
In time of war this population, in
Guiding the women and children,
would have to be subsisted. and
given medical attention, and thfs last
problem is in itself tough one to
solve. The only answer to it is a
large Increase in the number of SAN
itaryt troops, with the mobile army,
the number needed being in excess
of the usual proportion with bodies
of troops.
Deportation of the alien population
belonging to hostile power would
be out of the question, for even IL
they could be taken to one of the other
islands, the subsistence and sanitary
problem would still exist, besides
which the men so transported would
form a valuable reserve for the
enemy, and could quickly be organ
lied and pressed into service against
the country that had turned them
adrift With their knowledge of Oahu
and their local connections,
they would be a dangerous factor in
any attempt to take the island.
Coast Defense.
The disposition of coast defense has
already been covered in a long report
made by Major General Murray at the
time of his visit here last December,
and his tactical cruise round Oahu in
company with Admiral Thomas, on
the flagship California. At that time
General Murray recommended a ring
of mortar batteries, their zones OF
fire to so overlap that no vessel could
get nearer than 10000 yards without
coming within range of some battery.
1t is not known what additional rec
concentrations the present board has
made, but it is believed that more
permanent coast Notifications are
urged, with strong defenses for Pearl
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1912-09-06
PALAMA ORGANIZES TO GET
MUCH NEEDED IMPROVEMENTS

ious improvements. This committee
is 10 report TO another committee
consisting of Jas. A. Rath, chairman;
John Lane, G.. H. Holt and Noah
Hull.
There are several good reasons, it
is stated. for the organization of this
club. Application has been made
time and again to. the municipal au.
thorities for improvements in Pa
lama, but nothing, It is declared. has
come but promises, so the people of
the district feel that they can ac.
complish more as body than they
could individually.
1t was found that sixty-four cases
of tuberculosis existed within a ra,
dius of two miles of King and Liliha
streets. and this, along with several
other similar cases, has made it
plain TO the people of Palama that
steps must be taken to improve the
sanitation.
Steps will also be taken to improVe
the roads and the lighting system.