davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
OLD PENAL COLONY.
How Australian Settlements
Have Been Transformed.
Crimes Carnival Ended-Descendants
Of English M~alsfaetors Thrifty
and Law-Ehiding and Their
Origin Forgotten.

Melbourne, Australia.-The position
which the Australasian colonies are
gaining in the world, particularly
since their federation On the plan oil
the United States, has attracted the
attention OF the world to them and re-
called the singular and striking fact
that great penal colonies, where at
one time disorder and crime prevailed,
have become orderly and strictly self
governing communities.
The story OF the penal settlements
Of Australia and Tasmania, and the
carnival Of cruelty and Of crime that
attended the convict system. is most
remarkable In the light Of subsequent
events. The crimes for which con.
victs were sent from England to
Botany bay and Van Diemen's land
were In great part abominable, and
the expiration wa certainly terrible.
The conricrs were put at work in
the broiIing Australian sun. OFTEN
they worked In chains, and the chains
were not counted as diminishing their
capacity for hard labor. Even the
best conducted of them were let out
to farmers and the proprietors of
sheep ranges. II these farmers hap.
pened to be humane, the convict might
De reasonably happy. But in many
cases the farmer regarded his con.
Wet helper as a slave, as indeed he
was, and a beast OF burden, to be used
as cruelty as possible.
The result was that as many OF the
conyicts as could do so escaped to the
woods and became "~bushrangers" or
bandits. They preyed on the natives
and on the settlers, committing rob
berries that were not i~nfTequently at,
tended with murder.
They BECAME such a terror to the
peaceful Settlers that when Mike
Howe proposed a peace, in which he
was to be treated as a gentleman"
they were very glad to make the ar,
rangement. But the governor-general
at Sydney refused to give his sane
ton to the pact, and Howe took to the
bush again. He was pursued by
troops, and in a dreadful hand to,
hand conflict was overcome and be-
headed by : gigantic soldier known rs
Big Bill"
Howe's followers continued the war
relentlessly, but at last there came a
change. The convicts tired OF bush
ranging and little by little settled
down to good conduct. The system Of
penal settlements was abolished. No
more %convicts came out from England.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
HIS EDlCT AIMED AT RATS
Women Voters Must Wear Hair Flat
So That County Clerk Can
Measure Height.

Willows. Cal.-The county clerk has
found 1t more difficult to register wo
men as voters than 1t is to register
men, and has issued an edict that has
attracted the attention of the fair sex
throughout the couRty.
He has found difficulty in measuring
their height on account of the prevail
ing mode Of hair dressing. Many cont
with their hair dressed high and the
county officer Is unable to get their
correct height. In order to avoid this
trouble the clerk has caused a notice
to be published asking women to dis
peRse with rats" and wear their hair
fiat when they come to register.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
DAKOTA CAT A FIRE FIGHTER
r Feline Extinsuishes Glaze In Trous.
ers Leg and Paws Out Other
Flames.

Deadwood, S. D.-What is believed
to be the only fire-iyhting cat in the
world is a pet in a Dsaadwood business
house. A recent feat OF the animal
was to extinguish a fire which had
started in the trousers leg OF a Gus
toner In the store. The customer, N
striking a match to light a cigar, &C.
~cidentally set fire to his clothing. The
cat discovered the fire, sprang at the
flame. struck at 1t with her paw and
put 1t out.
The cat in the same way extin-
guishes matches which have been
lighted and thrown on the floor. The
animal evinces a desire to &c. At 4 hre
whenever she sees II.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

Some of the convicts became the
most industrious farmers and the most
thrifty and law.abiding merchants In
the country, Their children gave the
lie to the law of heredtty by becom-
ing yeritable gentlemen Then Il was
that the .,peoplsao OF the former col
opaea performed a surprising act OF
grace and confidence by d~ecreeing the
destruction of all the records OF con
yict Punishment and all the sen.
fences and orders applying to the
members of the convict community.
The descendants Of the c~0nyicts are
now merged and lost in the Australia
sian population. They are prominent
in the affairs of the colonies, and hold
offices OF distinction. II their origin
Is known, no one taunts them with it.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
WOMAN FAINTS OVER STOVE
Venerable Widow, a Pillar Of Fire, Is
Soon Roasted AIive--Reseuer
Is Burned.

Ashland, Pa,-Seized with a spellf
weakness while banking down u
kitchen fire to retire fof the a
Mrs, Mary Bechtel, 81 widow, ieas
across the stove here.
In a moment her clothing was
a1ame from head to foot, and she ran
screaming to the home of her SOD,
two doors away. Screaming with
agony, the aged woman had to be
overpowered before any assistance
could be given her. by which time
she was so badly burned that death
followed as she was being hurried TO
the Miners Hospital. <
In trying to wrap carpets around the
blazing woman Mrs. August Bechtel
was terribly burned on the hands and
arms.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

O lady OF your acquaintance and you'll
grab the top OF your hard.sheA hat
from sheer force of habit. OF course,
You will lose your hold and experience
a shock, Suddenly you will shift your
hand TO the brim and give the hat the
approved tilt, only to discover that 1t
Is TOO late, for the lady has passed
without noticing your recognition Of
her bow and smile, or, worse yet, she
is laughing quietly at your awkward
work. Me for hard hats. A mar In
public life can't AFFORD to take any
chances asnaciallv as ladies' are about
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
PREFERS JAIL TO HUSBAND
Girl Wife Quits Him, Takes Money
From Trunk, and Welcomes
Sentence.

Philadelphia, Pa.-Mrs. Mary veres.
by, the ~1S-year-old bride Of George
veresby of White Haven. went to the
house OF correction for three months
rather than return to her husband
She declared that she preferred jail
for three years rather than live with
him again.
The girlish wife ran away from her
husband several days ago. He says
that before she left she broke open a
trunk and took his money. Eventual.
ly she was located In a boarding
house.
Veresby, accompanied by his wife's
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
XII. a 500. Pound wild hog.

Paris, Tenn.-W. C, Vinson of the
Cottage Grove section has killed a
wild hog In Obion bottom which
weighed 500 pounds. 1t was fired
upon several times by a party of
young hunters, whom it finally ran
away. Vinson was summoned, trail
ed the animal by blood stains from
its wounds, and succeeded in kill
ing 1t.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Old Windmill is Destroyed

round the base Of the mill, the sails
of which had been removed. The
machinery, though rusty. was still
standing. A time fuse was lighted;
there was a terrific explosion, accom-
panied by a cloud OF dust. And all
that remained of the old mill was a
heap of scrap iron and broken ma
sonry.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
NEVER MORE THE SOFT HAT

Frank L. Young of Ossiniug. Il guess
We all have TO do that"
Ever wear a soft hat7"
Not !, especially those fuzzy. brtst.
ly things that look as II they needed
q shave and . haircut"
We'll, you have missed a new sen.
sation. Try wearing Il soft hat of any
kind for a few weeks and suddenly
change It for a derby Saunter down
any street where you are known Meet
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Athletes Too Pompous.

Chicago,-Athietics as conducted IN
most public and private schools were
condemned by Raymond Riordan. sg-
perintendent of the Interlaken school
Lsporte. Ind, in an address at the
fourth annual meeting of the North
Central Academic association in the
Northwestern university building.
The numbers taking parts in sports
in most schools are limited. Mr.
Riordan said, and the leaders In The
sports receive too much attention
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

Lady Ashburton, the former New
York beauty, caused five thousand
moles toy be trapped on her English
estate and titAr skins made into coats
and NUTS for her three American sis
tiers. The coats contain eight hundred
skins each and the NUTS eaoA be
tween eighty and ninety skins.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Experience OF New York Politician
Has Led Him to Pin His Faith
to the Derby.

For ONE time said S%ergeant,at-
Arms Harry w, Haines OF the state
legislature, Il have been wearing a
soft hat and acquiring the habit of
eiutching It at the top to tip when
meeting a lady / happened to know"
Well" remarked Assemblymau
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

the most influential constituents a
sometimes candidate for reelection
can have on his list of friends -
New York Press.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
NURSING Bottle BuraIar Alarm.

Riverside, N. IA restless infant,
knocking its nursing bottle from the
crib, frightened off robbers who en-
tered the home of Rev. d. A. Jud, at
the parsonage of Lutheran Church.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

The offspring of the worst criminals
of Great Britain treated thus with fuli
confidence, have not tainted the blood
Of Australasia, but have really
proved an element OF strength.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Foreign Mother. In Majority.

New York.-A tabulation of birth
records prepared by the bureau Of
vital statistics here shows that o.
1880 babies born monthly in New
York city 5000 have foreign mothers.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Choosing the Lesser.

Choosing the Lesser,
Here comes q militant suffragette, Snail We
stop and throw down the gage OF bHttte?'
A thou lowest me, lead me to a buzz saw
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

OUT 7't pt government lW
as Ih'." Sans of'"ia.
Eae6tS II Is not only Easr"r Sunday
lnat Is an event In THE calendar Of
%dlclaianm but likewise Easter Non #
Gay (which is d great dav jn Wash W%%%
aaEtnnI and the @haln Easter week M
HortFeI thlf R0uI" interval may, Ia W
sTe't, be Considered aa Easter M@s
From tec st,ndpnln, nj solicitations MA1
the FIRST significance Of Easter fs rha W%
religions one For. h. fl known. mos. MI
VI ctr oGriuIs that lis. our national '
sfhr4als--a re very conscientious
church gOCrs. Whether they are ofN
etais because they ara church poprg mr. uhntb.
~ they ara church gocrg bDrtusn tbsy are
Federal officials NAV he "a moo,pd oraa+iop
but the fact remains THAI tha ayaragg ruhnr
servant during his lnctubaecv nj or,o fl,
the city on the Potomac tg rai,nfgI I'm attnnd.
4nge At divine w1rshn. And prer tha nv,p,-
tionB who are ,-barkstidrrs" "A ntbaq aosar,s
8T the year F,raiy A mint In he ag,,nr. fbnr.
present" on the Joyous E,stsr morn
Tho sererd sIgplp.,r,, nj r,.,,r q. .u.,.,
dom Ia as A day NJ r,r,1y r,aa, 80 ','"
snly m cErist,nny, g., .n I"1 o',' '"'N
4, f. .r,inina,.5 r,. .'T'''''o WV" winch
reunions ariseg rrnm tbo f,r, ttnt A., r,-a, -,
portion Of the children or opr nnhIt. mon ~
NEfN nlEl4t or bTtlIta Jihal(E AlgGA IgPY. tLtr
IN Washington. even tbo,rrh tbsir ,erao,s ,,a
maintain a home M tine rapIt,l gnuatinaa
Ia a matter og epnti mani thot ,,alon r, aWata,
destgous Of having his rhil3ror Educated In
hEg old home town and In zinc ,ag. ~ No.
young men and young ,gora, thara oa a.,
college magnpts-voasa and weuosIny and
the rest for Tho girIs nrd Vol, tlsrrnr5 CO..
nell and others for the hnva
u TINS hornera ,h,, ,t,ona t.
naa. .a, ,.,., "i'''' "'"'
h,htto+ionn at MILL. ~ '"' D'' " '"'
,Inn " ,nd na,.,,, tta, w - .["",S' N"'"'
many sobooi rbnne 90 narant tS w., y .
entertain far waghtnaton ~ wv ~
rrnvorhi,uy nro ~ Iha n,a,, - is'.',, "
America ana nrers no an Nv $3.50 ,t r,|1'" '
good times for yoppu uaopln Dnriry tho r,r
administration the White unisn has t,ka, ovr,
rlal cogniaance OF this Easter homo coming cne
tom. for the ilnior rafta have hoo, nr,nnr thos
sslIes who have made tho Fastcr ni,grln,ag,
bringing with them achnoI friend, scco.Jfr al,
Mrs. TAFT bas alwaya made I, a ,,irt ,o arranr
= round OF social featiyitIos iocI,ainr n, fastn
week dance for mot nrlv ,ho uno,go n,r,,, a. ,h
Presidential Mansion but tbc yhotc hnjy ~ m,
ter reurionera In nmniaido.
,hi., sir,,rso,.. r.. attach. ,
.a.taI5a., ,r a.. s'.,, y, ", w . y
- ., "" '"'''1" 90 II '"""S"'nh VI VI
r =, 1,,na,i~ =" ., WV n"FS Nv '''
- =. ,hF n,t' ', -, M u"' V
IT, c. H"'n."H " 'o", t"," "
g. IT. a." a. W. " =" Pu"'' ."
.S o%F,"b WV cue n y, ''P0''""n' '"e'S VA
-, So a. w '"'', o'"'"" "W'' e'
aa",1 ~. Az V, ,I"",'SS w heeeh
y, w., ~ wv" ''N' l"l'''S 'N''' "as pee
.N nh ,h n,any 'espTc.s Tue "1'' v~njoyahle c
49, az" 'FS"A va 'hS''l "Hu extends INT
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

The more respectable q bad man y
the more harmful bis example 10,
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29
Up" Judge Tells Her

to Modoc. ILL.,, the girl would be sent
to the Industrial Home for Girls at
Chillicothe.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

father, called on her and endeavored
to persuade her to return. She re-
fused and ~they-saused her arrest.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1912-03-29

slippers at ST. Johns. members u thu
Presidents cabinet Admiral Dewey
and q host Of other celebrities
AHother excellent vantage point
from which 10 see how oflcialdom OBJ
serves Easter ls IN tac vicinity Of the
Church OF the Covenant on fashion.
able Connection #,anTe-the main
artery Of tue Easter parade at the
capital The Church ot the Covenant,
which is rendered conspicuous by its
massive and lofty tower. is the church
home Of Vice-PrasideUt Sherman and
his family. but many ol their fellow
members are almost as prominent in
the affairs of the nation as Is the pre-
siding officer Of the United States
Senate. A short distance away Ia st.
Matthew's Roman Catholic church.
which Is the great rendezvous Of the
diplomats on Easter morning, for. be
if known, most Of the members OF our
official foreign colony
those from southern Europe and the
South and Central American cuun-
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21
PAYS FULL
PENALTY AT MIDNIGHT
Continued from page -

ould eventually tie married
In September Richcson returned to
his pulpit and Miss Linnoll wont
back to her music studies Az ines
her friends say. she seemed much dis
traught and troubled. Finally on Sat
urday, October "A, the young music
student told her girl friends at tho
Young Women's Christian AssocIs
ton, where she boarded, that she was
going to take dinner with her gen.
tleman friend Although she did not
call Richeson by name she was mn
derstood to mean him by her friends.
No one saw the young couple at
their meal The last time they are
known to have been seen ON the
street together was the day before
Miss LinneIrs mother who had been
visiting in Boston, returned homo.
Her daughter accompanied her 10 the
railway station and after her train
left. according to the story of George
Baker, Of Hyanuis, who was there
Richeson joined Miss LinneH. Thes
left the depOt together.
Following her visit to her gentle
man friend" for dinner, Miss Lin.
nell returned to the Y NJ. {. \. i'll
high spirits. She told her friends
that she had been given some medi
cine and that she was sure now that
her headaches would be cured.
That night young women occupying
adjoining rooms heard groans in the
bathroom adjoining Miss Linnell's
bedroom They broke down the door
but the girl became unconscious and
died before physician arrived. Fol
a short time it was believed that she
had killed herself. It was suggested
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21

rounded the mansion on the night of
October 10, but admission was refus-
ed Finally carly r>Xt morning they
were admitted and found the minis
ter in bed. He was formally arrested
on a murder charge and protested his
innocence
The theory Of thc-policc from the
start was that the minister was re
sponsible for the girls condition and
that he had promised to get her mcdi-
cine which would effectually hide her
shame from the world Instead the
latter admitted he gave her capsules
filled with dry cyanide. The girl, be
lieying implicitly in the minister, par
took of the deadly drug believing il
was in reality medicine for the pur
pose intended.
After his arrest the members OF the
Edmands family stood by the minis
ter. They proclaimed their belief i'll
his innocence and it was announced
that they would finance his defense.
On THANKSGIVING Day Miss Edmands
sent flowers and dainties to the ac-
cuscd man in his cell and said She
had implicit confidence that he would
soon be free and they would be wed
i'll the end.
On the night of December 20 Richie
son was heard moaning and crying
in his cell. FINALLY he asked guard
to send for doctor One was soon
there and investigation revealed Che
fact that the minister, probably in a
moment OF mental alteration, had
fearfully mutilated himself with Il
piece OF tin he had secured and
sharpened to razor edge ON the floor
of the cell. So serious were the
wounds inflicted that the doctors who
we're hurriedly called were forced to
complete the operation the man had
BEGAN and for a time he was in grave
danger of dying from blood poisoning.
That Richeson had planned to have
the operation he attempted figure in
his defense was charged by the
Prosecutor and he was Httle surprs-
ed when, on Jan. last, he was fur
nished with a confession of guilt by
Richeson's lawyers. When the cen
fession was repeated in court on Jan
nary 9, there was nothing for Judge
Sanderson to do but impose the only
penalty by law for first degree muir
der. Friends of Richeson started an
agitation to have his sentence com
muted to life Imprisonment, but the
Governor and his council refused to
act. A petition claiming insanity
was filed in the case but promptly
oyerruled.
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21
TRUSTEES OF FIRST U.B. CHURCH

The trustees will meet tonight in
the parsonage at s O'Clock to transact
important business. All the Nom
bers are expected to be present The
official board will meet in the lecture
room of the church on Thursday
night at s o'clock. Let all the Off
Gals take notice and report
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21
ANOTHER EUcHRE PARTY.

Martinsburg Council, No. 1863,
Knights Of Columbus, will hold anoth,
er euchre party at their lodge room
on the evening of Friday. May a.
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21

Mr.. Feldman Crawford went to
Baltimore to confer with Pearce &
Scheck relative TO the moving pic
ture business.
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21
TO CURE A COLD IN ONE DAY.

fako LAXATI,E BROMO Quinine
Tablets. Druggists refund money II
it fails to cure E. W. Groves sigma
ture is on each box Csc.
Cut Flowers at Leagues. A 20 If
Evening journal. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1907-1913, 1912-05-21

Mr.. Ray Hutchins, the sweet sing.
CT of Central opera House came back
Monday from visit to his old home
in Washington.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-11-01

by his election for ten terms as rep
ressntative in the national Congress.
As legislator, he at once took and
retained high rank and displayed such
attributes Of upright and wide states
manship as to commend him to the
people Of the United states for the sec
ond highest ONCE within their gin.
As presiding ohicer Of the Senate
he won the respect and esteem Of all
for his fairness and impartiality.
His private life was noble and BOD.
His genial disposition and attractive
ness Of character endeared him TO all
whose privilege it was to know him
His devotion to the best interests Of his
native land will endear his memory 10
his fellow -countrymen.
In honor u his memory and the
eminent and various services Of this
high Official and patriotic public ser
want, / direct that on the day Of the
funeral the executive ofhces Of ths
United States shall be closed and all
posts and stations OF the army aue
navy shall display the national flag a:
half-mast. and that the representatives
of the United States IN foreign coun-
tries shall pay appropriate tribute 70
the illustsious dead for a period OF
thirty days. ---
In witness whereof have hcreunto
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-11-01

that Hockin repeatedly had warned
him that 1.-The fellows on the Pacific
coast are after him."
Drew, as counsel for the National
Erectors' Association, was on the trail
of the dynamiters before the McNam-
aras and Artie f. McManigal were ar
rested, and Burns was present IN: IN
dianapolis when Samuel Gerber, q 1ocai
detective, personally took John j. Nc
Namara in custody. Burns accom-
panied McNamara when James Hosicx-
an agent Of California, took the prison
err to Los Angeles.
]. A. G.. Badorf. who testified thas
Hockin confessed to having tippeo on
the identity Of the Los Angeles iines
dvnamiters,. was cross-examined thie
afternoon by Senator John W. Kerr
counsel for the defense. ..-,..
when Hockin told you he had so.-
zen in touch with Burns two weeks A.
.er the Los Angeles explosion, ato
81, Won now he id it," Badorf was
asked. .....
mo he did not tell me how. toto
him he was a fool for allowing Bur NE
20 rot a reputation ~ . detective y"
;nforma ton he was furnishing.
"Did Hockin say he was guilty u
dynamiting?
"He said he thought he might pea
guilty, and gave me to unael ~,
was in for ii. He said ne thoueu. "
they could give him was
months or two years"
R,dorf was then asked wneShe'
Frank M. Ryan. president OF tne
,.rnat;ona1 Association OF Bridge ano
S..,,n,u-.1 Iron Workers. was not In
the habit of signing blank cheeAs
defense is that Ryan sieheo
checks in blank and do not kno~
what use McNamara put tneM. nuO,.
said he did not remember tehihS
that that was loose way Oh
,ms;,.ss Hockin IL secretary OF the
,,n;on and occupies the desk formerly
used by Mcnamara
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-11-01
SHERMAN FUNERAL
PLANS COMPLETED
Continued From First Pasc.1

CONTINUED From FIRST f18cD
ing for embassies and legations Of the
United States abroad
President Taft signed the formal pro-
cIamation announcing the Vicc-freoa.
dents death. providing for obeerTanees
and paying tribute to NJ. Shefmans
life and work. Colonel Daniel n. RAMS
dell. sergeant farms Of the senate.
transmitted to senators the omcsai
notification Of the death OF their pre-
siding officer
The text ,f the proclamation 10 as
follows: 49,
ITO the People Of the United states:
James SchoolcraSt sherman. vice
President OF the United states, died az
his home in Utica. y. T. At s:45 O'Clock
on the evening Of October 80. 1:1Z.
In his d~ath the nation has lost one
OF its m ,st HIustrIous citizens and orc
II its mos. efficient and fsithful ser
wants.
Elected at ar carly age to the mayor
ship Of his native city. the continued
confidence OF hts immunity VAS shown
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1912-11-01

set my hand and caused the seal OF the
United States to be affixed.
Done at the city or Washington this
the thirty first day Of October, in the
year of our Lord one tn ousand nike
hundred and twelve. and OF the indie
pendence Of the United States the one
hundred and thirty-seventh.
(Signed)
WILLIAM H. TAFT.
(SeaD
BY the President.
..- '.ALvA ADEE,
Acting Secretary Of STATE"