davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
GIVING PLENTY OF DISTANCE
Common Mistake Made by Many
Gardeners Is That Of crowding
Plants Too Close.

Many gardeners make the mistake
Of crowding garden vegetables too
close in the drill. Vegetables require
rapid growth and quick maturity to
give quality and favor to the plants
when served Unless the soil is ex-
ceptlonally rich. and there is plenty
Of soil moisture available during the
growing season, the plants are apt to
be dwarfed and the quality of the
vegetables impaired
In producing vegetables for the
market, the grower will endeavor TO
grow plants of high quality and de-
sirable flavor, and he cannot afford
70 take any risk. II is far better to
produce fewer products and gather
vegetables of better quality than TO
have an abundance that do not com
mand fair prices
The safest plan is to SOW plenty Of
seeds in order that a good stand may
be secured. II the plants are tender
and the spring IS favorable for the in
sects, diseases, cold nights, etc, leave
about twice as many plants as you
desire 10 grow. When the weather is
favorable for the growth of the
plants, thin promptly. leaving the re
quired number Of plants Be sure that
the plants have sufficient distance TO
produce vegetables Of extra quality.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
SPREAD MANURE EVERY DAY
Practice Greatly Reduces Possibility
Of Losing Fertllizlng Elements
Cart Is Handy.

A careful and intelligent use OF
stable manure will build up the fer.
tility of any farm. The trouble with
the average former is that he wastes
his manure. The habit OF regarding
manure as valueless Is one Of the
most expensive farmer can have.
To properly conserve manure the
liquids as we'll as the solids should be
collected. For this purpose Il is well
TO have the floors OF the stalls 80 that
they will drain easily into a water
tight gutter at the rear This gutter
should be stopped at both ends, but
one end should be lower than the
other to allow the liquids to drain to
that end
Manure should be spread every day
when It is possible This is very Inn
portant, as it greatly reduces the
chances Of losing the fertilizing ele-
mentH. In summer II can be spread on.
the field from which the soiling crops
have been removed. and in winter on
grain fields. Newly seeded fields
should not he manured.
A hand cart may he used for spread
ing manure. Where there are a large
number Of cattle or horses, a special
dump cart. drawn by n single horse.
may be used Daily spreading insures
that any teaching by rains shall carry
the leached materials into the soil
whe~> they are wanted.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
RooT-eRINDER is EXCELLENT
Any Poultryman or Stock Raiser Can
Make Practical Implement at
Very Little Expense.

CBy J. q. ALLHoUsE. in the Farm ana
Fireslde)
An easier and speediar method Of
reducing beets. carrots. turnips and
other roots 10 pulp than chopping
up with a spade or the four-bladed
chopper sometimes used for this pur-
pose is provided by the cheap home.
made grinder illustrated. Any poul-
trym8n or stock-raiser can make Il at
trifing expense OF time and work and
use it with belt wheel for steam or
gss-engine power, or II desired or com
pulsory, q crank and fly.wheel may be
attached and the grinder operated by
hand.power. Manner Of making hop
per, attaching legs. braces. etc, is well
explained in large illustration; small
illustration shows sectlonally the in.
terror or main working parts. A tri-
angular-shaped strip Of wood (A) ex-
tends across rear side. Of box, firmly
nailed in place behind the spiked
Evening journal., 1912-07-10

cylinder OBJ. which revolves and does
the grinding. and another wooden
strip Co. fitted with teeth like the
cylinder. extends across front side,
and slides in grooves or small strips
at ends Of hopper as an adjustable con-
cave. Teeth may he 12-penny spikes,
heads cut off and the remainder driv.
en- into cylinder. leaving about half
inch projecting, with ends fled sharp
The distance cylinder teeth are placed
apart and position of movable concave,
the teeth Of which should intersect
those Of the cylinder, will determine
the degree Of fneness to which roots
may be reduced The grinder may be
made Of any desired capacity. II all
it's working parts are well made with
screws and bolts, Il will be very dur
able and may be run at high speed.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Concrete silo.

The concrete silo which I built last
year is IA feet inside diameter and the
walls s inches thick. II is reinforced
with No. wire inside. The height is
29 feet. / kept close track Of all ex-
penses and figured the mems wages
.or the farm laborers while on the job
at sl.75 a day. says a writer in an ex-
change. The sand and gravel ] hauled
from my own sandbank. The cost
was as follows: Fifty barrels cement.
S6350; labor for concreting, S115; la
hor on roof, SO; reinforcement, So;
bolts, s150; asphalt on roof $40, or a
total Of S20S. My silage came out in
splendid condition. During this very
severe winter traces of frost showed
only on the sides.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
LIVE STOCK
U1y NOTES

Lice will make the best hog poor.
Hogs eat the food from which other
animals will get no good
Burlap over the stable windows
helps to keep out the flies.
Stock should not be allowed TO
drink surface or pond water
A growing pig needs plenty Of room,
but for fattening small quarters are
best.
Horses should be carefully worked,
especially when the weather is hot
and sultry.
The best time to cut the tails. as
well as castrate, Is when the lamb Is
a week old.
Extra feed Increases the growth Of
proper kind. and makes larger ami.
mails at maturity.
IF q case of lump Jaw develops In
the herd this summer It should be at
tended 10 at once.
skimp your sheep on good pasture
and they will skimp you on mutton.
Works both ways.
II often takes a number OF genera
uons to thoroughly change the dispo-
sition from timidity to quietude.
Middlings is a very good feed for
swine, but II should not form the en-
tire grain portion Of their ration.
Sheep are comfort lovers. and the
man who neelects to provide them
with good. dry shelter makes a costly
error.
Good sheep require good care to
maintain their excellence. Poor sheep
are always a burden upon the rest Of
the flock
Some people claim that a hog is a
scavenger by nature, but he certainly
thrives better on clean feed and de-
cent surroundings.
Indigestion is the cause Of more
than half the diseases Of horses, and
largely caused by improper food and
working horses on a full stomach.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
PQDRRYN(TES

The contented and happy hen is the
laying hen
Round pebbles will not do for rough
edges TO grind the grain.
A writer recommends boiled rice
for diarrhea In young turks.
Initiate nature as closely as possible
and your turkey crop will pay out
Eggs should always be protected
from the hot sun while being taken to
market.
Windows should now be out of the
poultry house and wire netting tackled
in their places.
A foorless brood coop on clean,
dry ground is better than one with a
board floor in It.
The average hen outlives her use
fulness in two years. and is more prof
liable sent to market.
Whether kept for Matching or mar
ket eggs ought to be kept free from
any form of moisture
When eggs are soft shelled the hens
are either too fat or do not get enough
mineral matter in their feed.
Don't neglect the water supply as
plenty Of water helps 70 keep the
hens in good laying condition.
; A safe rule to follow In chick feed
ing is TO give them Just as much as
they will clean up nicely at each feed.
The incubator is no longer an ex-
pertinent, and the demand for poultry
products suggests its more general
use.
The utility bird is one that is not
without it's faults, but It is often from
a good strain, hence has its own eco
nomic values.
One feeding rule is to give the hens
half as much as they will eat Of a
morning, nothing at noon and a full
meal at night
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
TURKEYS NEED LARGE RANGE
Small Pen in Town ls Absolutely Not
Suitable for Rearing Meat For
Christmas Dinner.

For those persons in town who are
thinking Of raising a turkey or two in
their back yards there is trouble in
store. The back yard or pen is not
the place for a bird which refuses to
be domesticated, w. A. Lippincott.
head of the poultry department at the
Kansas Agricultural college, says.
The farm is the place to raise tur-
keys. They must have a good range.
During the first few months II is bet
ter to give them no grain, but let them
forage and eat bugs. If small turkeys
are cared for in this way. the fatality
will be much less.
Professor Lippincott suggests that
you let some farmer take your young
turkeys and rear them. You might ar
range to pay little rent to farmer
for allowing your birds to roam in his
pastures. Then, along about Thanks
giving. all you have to do is to go out
and harvest your turkey.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
PLAN OF TWo-SEcTIoN DOOR
one illustrated and Described That
Has Been Found Entirely Safe
to Open or Shut.

We use the two.sectlon door on our
barn and have found Il successful.
Each section is hung on an enclosed
barn door track which is bolted 10 the
siding just under the cornice. BY cut
ting the doors at the bottoms at the
same angles as the tops We can use
stay rollers TO hold them in place at
the bottom, thus preventing tapping
by the wind. We fastened a small side
pulley on the inside near the top OF
each door and a double awning pulley
70 the first rafter in the comb OF the
roof, writes r. Schnacke in the Farm.
ers' Mai, and Breeze BY threading
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
TREATING HORSE FOR WORMS
Three Excellent Remedies Given That
Have Been Tried and Found
Satisfactory.

This is one OF the best worm de-
stroyers for unthrifty colts and horses
that we have ever tried. Mix together
one pound each OF sugar and salt; in
this mix one-half pound OF nne smok.
ing tobacco, six ounces OF powdered
eulphate OF iron. As a dose for G ma.
ture horse give a heaping tablespoon
ful in a wheat-bran mash every
morning for two weeks. Colts should
be given in smaller proportion to size
and age.
A veterinary supply house advises
tho following remedy for worms In
horses. Give a teaspoonfui OF pow.
dered copper sulphate every morning
IN feed for three or four days, then
give two ounces OF turpentine in a
pint OF raw linseed oil Feed soft feed
and keep the infected animal in the
stable while under treatment
A veterinary physician. signing no
name. suggests this treatment in an
exchange; Clear the bowels by allow.
ing the horse to fast over night, and
give In the morning two ounces of
turpentlne In a pint OF raw lineeed oil
or Cruel. followed In the course Of an
hour with a bran mash; repeat this
for two or three mornings. Santosin
in half OF one-ounce doses. made into
powders. with llnseed meal, may be
given to valuable horses for two or
three mornings In succession, fol.
lowed by cathartic.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10

has bred q foal or two successfully
we discount the risk. but have 10 pay
higher price, and lose as much OF
her life as has passed. The mare that
has begun to breed Is the safest spec
ulaton
In selecting the brood-mare tho
character, symmetry, style. constitu.
ton. soundnees and type are OF even
greater importance than pedigree. IL
Is we'll to have a type Of perfection
in ones eye and TO get as near that
as possible.
The head and eyes should betoken
dooility, intelligence and courage. IL
Is only by close observation that any
one can acquire the art OF recognize
ing character In q mare. No amount
Of descriptive writing can teach one
how TO Judge these characteristics in
horse or man. The loin. Of course,
should be strong. and the tail well set
up. in line with the back. not droop-
ing. In brood-mare a strong.
healthy constitution Is OF the utmost
importance.
AS for size. a mare standing 16
hands high, and built IN proportion, Is
big enough. Color may be selected
according to taste, but a brown or
bay colored animal is always more
salable than a black or any Of the
lighter colors.
When buying, every preoautlon
should be taken 10 insure soundness-
that is. absence OF all hereditary dis.
ease. and a few dollars extra should
not prevent a bargain being made n
the mare approaches anywhere near
the ideal above described.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
keepIno Birds Graded

Be sure to grade your birds accord.
ing to size as the weeks pass When
you find that some are outstripping
the others. take them away and put
them with birds Of their own size. II
you have toe-marked the feet and have
Put on legbands, you will be able 10
tell the facts regarding them at any
time.
Here is where the value of records
comes in. Keep an accurate record OF
every hatch. and then grade the birds
without having to feel that If you mix
them up you viii not be able to tell
them again when you want to know
certain things about them.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
GAPDEN and
FAPM NOTES

Potatoes after alfalfa are bound to
make a fine crop.
The easiest way 10 kill a weed is
never to let It sprout.
Try this rotation: Alfalfa. potatoes,
grain. Il is a good one.
Hen house cleanings make the best
fertilizer for the onion patch.
Wide rows and a cultivator IN the
garden means less hand work.
Rotation makes use of all the ele-
ments Of plant food IN the soil.
The best time 10 fight weeds is the
very first day they show their heads
above ground.
The surest way Of getting rid Of
moles IS TO set one Of the steel spring
traps over their runs.
Smaller and more frequent plant
ings of vegetables will lengthen out
the garden sass season.
A row of parsnips. carrots and sal
sify planted now will come into good
play next fall after frost
Beg, borrow or buy all the wood
ashes you can to use in the garden;
WI n IT. M'AA AAtR iIt rUtAs
II blossoms appear in the newly set
strawberry beds. pick them off; this
will make the plants stronger.
Cut the clover when majority of
the blossoms are turning. and the al
falfs when the new shoots start from
the crown.
Soil taken from a well-established
alfalfa field and spread on land to be
sown to alfalfa is very good way to
inoculste It.
Rotation of crops Is one of the sim
pie. practical methods Of increasing
the productivity of the farm and dis
tributing labor.
The most profitable way Of market
ing grain and fodder is through stock.
They produce manure. which Is very
necessary to the soil.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Providing Fresh Air.

Birds are so constituted by nature
that they require an abundance Of
fresh air for health and vigor. They
never do we'll with a limited supply
OF air. For this reason all -coops and
boxes in which poultry of any kind
is kept in the summer should be as
epe~ as possible
Let the roof be tight TO protect from
rain. but let at least one side be open
ter the admission of fresh air at all
VINES. The open side may be protected
by wire cloth or other material that
w let in the air, but keep out rats.
eee.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Cleaning ur Old Nests.

The incubaung season is over with
poultry so far as proft to the owner
is concerned, and the Minnesota ex-
pertinent station advises that all old
nesting material be taken out and
burned, and that all nesting boxes be
disinfected and given a coat of LIQUID
lice killer, after which fresh straw may
be placed in them for late layers.
The creosote preparations sold at
lumber yards for wood preserving
have been used with good effect as
lice killers.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10

ground. A vertical hole is drilled
through the stump and two lateral
holes, reaching to it. The reservoir
is then wheeled up to It and two sets
Of tubes connected with the two side
holes Burning liquid fuel and air
under pressure is injected through one
hole and an inlammable liquid is in
jected through the other When the
two meet in the center hole the liquid
is ignited and spreads through the
entire stump. devouring It until it is
eaten through down to the ground,
leaving a level surface instead of the
torn remains that follow dynamiting.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
at-a4a
nUFHFFf1 HUTHEN

Men who are raising scrub horses
and using grade sires of any breed
are very foolish. Plug horses and those
which At nowhere may sell low in the
future, but horses that have a trade
will sell high. Any sound saddle horse
or any light harness horse or big draft
horse or coach horse. any good chunk.
any stylish Southern horse. any ex-
press horse and, we might say. any
cavalry horse, will sell well. while the
unclassified horse will grade at the
tail end and sell for the plug that he
IA
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Barb Wit. Marker.

The best device have yet found for
a garden marker" is a piece of old
barb wire which has been in use until
the coil is we'll taken out After the
ground is well rolled or dragged. the
barb wire makes a plain mark by be
ing pulled back and forth by a man
at either end Of the ground that is to
be marked. says a writer In an ex-
change. This is quickly done. and
does away with stakes. lines and un-
necessary tramping back and forth
over the ground
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
HOT WEATHER POULTRY CARE
Remove Every Window and Substitute
Wire Netting for Ventilation
OF Hen House.

1t does not require much hard work
to keep a flock in good condition in
the summer, but absolute neglect will
often completely destroy the winter
egg-produoing qualities of not only
the old hens. but the pullets as well.
If you have ret removed every win
dow in the chicken house and substi-
tuted wire netting, In order to provide
perfect ventilation, do 80 at once.
Better that the chicks roost in the
trees than that they be confined in a
vermin-ridden building.
Body lice will worry a flock to
death, or so nearly so as to destroy
its usefulness. These can be killed,
but not easily.
Good insect powder will do the
business. It should be applied with A
powder spray by one person, while
another holds the fowls by the legs
80 that the powder may reach every
part of the skin through the dis
turbed feathers.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
FEED HOPPER NEVER cHoKES
Minnesota Experiment Station Recon-
nends Device as Shown In Illus
tration Herewith.

good feed hopper for grain and
dry mash feeding is shown in the IL
lustration herewith and is recon-
mended by the Minnesota Experiment
station at Crookston The diagram
explains itself The advantages of
this style of hopper are that it will
not choke, the chickens cannot get
into the feed with their feet, the feed
is kept dry even outdoors, and none
Is wasted The wing on each side
shows the roof over the trough to
keep the outside feed dry. One side
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
A Dump Sled.

As soon as a part Of the load has
been placed in the body this will hold
It in position, then when ready to
dump the load. pull out the pin and
give the top of the body push and
the weight of the load will turn it
over.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
BREEDING THE SHIRE HORSE
Character, Symmetry, Style, ccnstltu-
tlon, soundness and Type Of Mare
Arc Of Importance.

The nrst thing a farmer must try
20 get is mare or two OF just the
right sort 10 begin with. The age 20
buy is not Of so much importance; by
buying hllies at one or two years old.
they have the full length OF their
breeding life before them. but al the
same time there is the risk Of their
proving non-hreeders. or inferior
breeders, while by luying a mare that
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Cure for Stumbling.

II horse stumbles. give him his
food on the floor. instead OF in the
manger The position necessarily
taken in feeding strengthens the
muscles Of the knees, and so removes
the cause of the stumbling. A horse
Just brought from pasture does not
stumble.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
SANITARY TROUGH FOR HOGS
One Constructed In Such Manner That
Animal Cannot Get Its Feet In
or Crpwd Others.

This plan Of a hog trough which
the hog cannot put his feet into.
away from which he cannot crowd
the other hogs, and which is protect
ed from the sun and rain, is sent to
the Progressive Farmer by Felix Ever
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
STUMP DESTROYER is NOVEL
Solution Of Problem OF Clearing Land
Appears to Be Solved by Wash
lneton Genius.

The problem of clearing away un-
slightly stumps appears to have been
solved by man in the state Of Wash.
ington. Heretofore this has been
done chiefly by blasting. but the ap-
paratus shown in the Illustration
burns the stump down close to the
Evening journal., 1912-07-10

grooves and extensions. The door is
a hinged flap that can be kept open
or closed so that only the farmer can
open It, and has vent holes in It. With
this door closed the chicken or chick
ems are perfectly safe during the
night from cats, rats or other preda-
tory animals that roam through poul-
try yards and kill so many fowl.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
CHICKEN COOP is PORTABLE
knookdown Style-When Not In
Use Takes but Little Room.

A new form of knock-down chick.
en- coop has been patented by a Mis-
souri man. When erected It forms a
foomy coop and when taken down it
occupies little space The structure
is of metal and consists Of a bottom
piece. a top piece and sides and two
ends. The roof is curved TO shed rain
and has handle by which the coop
ran be carried easily. All these parts
det into each other by means Of
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Disposition Of the crIpn.s.

The cripple and the malformed
chicken should be put to death i'm
mediately after Matching. Such lit
tie unfortunates will bring nothing
but disappointment They will give
you more care than ten well and
whole ones. They will make you sick
of the chicken business and give your
entire flock black eye from the first.
%ill 'em the instant they are born.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Shading Chicken Coop.

as illustrated herewith the stakes are
about 2 feet long, and driven 4 to
inches in the ground The curtain is
tied only at the corners. On the
windy side the tying is closer TO the
ground than on the lee side. This
is of special help in spring.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
DUMP SLED is QUITE USEFUL
Can Conveniently Be Used for Hauling
Manure During Both summe,
and Winter Months.
By ]. G. GoRDoN)

Wy - " NCANLOAfJ
A dump cart for summer and a
dump-sled for winter can be used
very conveniently on the farm for
hauling manure.
A box body may be adjusted to any
sled. The pivots that swing the body
should be located so as TO make the
top the heavier. and a pin should bo
run through the hind bench of the
sled into the end Of the body TO hold
It in an upright position while loading.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
nNever Choke Hopper.

Of the upper roof may be hinged like
a lid for filling. The gable shaped pro
lection, running the length of the
floor, allows almost every kernel of
feed to be reached by the birds, thus
preventing feed from getting musty.
from remaining in the hopper too
long.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Pasture for Horses.

Have plenty OF pasture for the brood
mares and colts. II the mares work
during the week. let them Craze ons
Sundays. Pasture is a cheap feed for
all classes Of stock, but don't pas
fure too closely.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
Sanitary Hog Trough.

sole Of Tullahoma, Tenn. Il can be
made any size desired. and Of such
lumber as may be handy. If ends are
made long, IL cannot be turned over.
Looks to us like q good idea.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10

sash cord through these pulleys the
doors can easily be raised and lowered
BY one man. We have never had the
least trouble with these doors and
have always found them safe open or
shut.
Evening journal., 1912-07-10
SHADE FOR CHICKEN c0oPS
Shelter Is Provided by Means Of Sail
Cloth Where Trees or Bushes Arc
Found Scarce.

BY means of a sail cloth. duck, or
factory Gotten curtain shade may east.
ly be supplied chickens where there
are no trees or bushes. In such case