The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1912-06-10

- aa-f'
pits, which are frequently termed gial
sciai graseis ON account OF theft direct
E:or Indirect association with Ice action,
liRre quite widely, disribyted, and these
Eshhxe been and may, he used ia "a
greater or less extent IN road Improve
hent.
pnfing recent geological history III
l7the continent the Atlantic and gulf
borders have beef submfesrged at inter.
walls. The ocean has Advanced Inland
"a number of times. ! During each of
these, periods OF continental sdbmer-
Sgenee tie harder rock remahents dloag
t:fie inner margins 6f che Seeah,ss aGa
! ;fatsce have been rounded. worn down.
poslted and redeposited with vary
ing PROHIBITIONS Of a sands and Ioan4s
and ciays.. thus forming bedsgof gravJ
EEL which are today ayai1a bic for troad
Ishuild ing purposes !. = 'tis1S; s9ad
| lGESvel roads = and smacadam reads,
alike have often received sweeping con
dennati0 as unsatisfact ory,when the
cause Of failure was poor construction
lsand not the character of5tte material
used. The need OF care In grading and
drainage In the CONSTRUCTION Of Inncad-
am roads is being quite generally rec.
dgnIzed. but unfortunately many ANA.
teur road builders seem to think that
gravel roads may be constructed by
simply pi1ing gravel on the surface aud
leaving It to be packed by the passing
traffic. In point Of fact, the grading
and drainage and other details; In con.
necfion with the CONSTRUCTION OF. a
gravel read. should be3 done with gsas
much care. and thorodshness as5in tie
case Of ayfnacadanfs Feads SSforeaSa
! The one case as, liS the 6t hef4 sbaeif iear
tidns mus he aaai lted to varSinE locai
conditions Of course, the gravel itself
must be selected wi III care. That which
e6Itains 4ssufHcieht qnAntity 10 blind.
lnE material SO that It stands asa YER
teal wall when 1t s. bssnt exeavated
is generally the best, for the reason
that Ahis same binding material Eill
fecementsthe gravel when used for
road building. Y s.Ss s s. .Ssse
gtThere are three imp6ftaat quatttie
which should be possessed by road
building Gravel-hardness, toughness
| and cementing or binding power. OF
these three qualities the last Is the
most important. This binding quality
Is due in part to the presence OF oxide
OF Iron, lime or ferrugiheous clay and
In part to the angular shape and size
Of the pebbles Composing tile gravel.
Blue gravel Is universally Hgnnee ded to
be the best for toad construction, be.
cause 1t is usually derived from trap
rock, AS the pebbles composing the
gravel retain the chatactafistfcs which
they formerly possessed as a part. Of
the larger rock itself. # follows that as
trap rock is considered an excellent
material for roaa building, trap rock
gravel should occupy the same relative
rank among the gravels. Limestone is,
| generally speaking, a soft rock, and
consequently limestone gravel, which
Is quite rare, will usually be found
soft and viii wear rapidly. Quartz
possesses practically no binding powep
although It Is very hard. Therefore
gravel which contains an exception.
ally large percentage Of quartz will not
prove successful, as It will. fail 20 CON
soliaate unless it contains binding ma
terial, or unless good binder Is added.
In order that the material may bind
readily the pebbles should be angular
and should vary In size 80 that the
mailer fragments may ill the voids