davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
UNDERWOOD-HOUSE LEADER
CLEAN COURAGE, HIGH HONESTY
FAITHFUL IN HIS FRIENDSHIPS

His name is Oscar w. Underwood
his years are on the sunshine side of
! fifty AS chief of the Ways and Means,
and chairman of the Committee on Com
mlttees, he is Speaker Clark's right arm
in the House.
MIR. Underwood's cry is Tariff for
revenue only"' When Mr. Bryan, eaten
of rule-or-ruin spirit came to Wash
ington at the beginning of the special
session to trouble the waters of party
hope with an attack upon the wool bill
as proposed by the Democrats, Mr.. I'm
derwood, in going after Mr.. Bryan,
stated his own tariff position. Said he ::
The Democratic party stands for a
tariff for revenue The Democratic
party does not stand for free trade,
and l do not believe the people will
be misled by the statement Of Mr.
Bryan
That Mr.. Underwood is against pro-
lection, and fights it, evinces his cour-
age. He comes from the Birmingham
district in Alabama breeding-ground
OF protection. In Mr. Underwood's dis
trict there are nine railroads, one hun
bred and forty-eight miles of street-car
tracks, S150.O00,0O0 of invested indus
tries, an annual pig-iron output of
100000 tons, and a production of
100000 tons of coal The city of
Birmingham has an anrual~pay-roll of
$50,OOO,OOO. The Tennessee Coal & Iron
Company, which is part of the Steel
Trust, controls one-third of all the prod
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21

ton even thus early. 1t is the fact
that Mr.. Underwood is man of South
ern birth, Representative from South
ern State. There is a feeling, rather
than definite opinion, which finds ex-
preston more often in his own section
than in the North, and perhaps more
often in his own party than in the op-
posite party, that this fact would be a
source of weakness if Mr. Underwood
were named by the Democracy.
OF course, this is matter not easily
to be decided with confidence in adj
vance. There has been no occasion for
a distinct expression of public sentiment
regarding it. 1t is a half century since
Southern candidate for the presidency
came before the Nation, and a good
deal longer than that since one was
elected. Great events have interviewed
and left their impress on the minds
and hearts of men, the depth and di-
rection of which no one can surely es-
innate Our own judgment is that a
candidate from the South-other things
being equa1-would not be weaker and
might even be the stronger for that fact.
In broad way, it may safely be said
that there is in our people now sense
of tried and proved and established
nationality which might, and probably
would, welcome an opportunity for
manifesting itself This sense of ma
tionality has grown progressively ever
since the close of the war for the
Union 1t has been steadily strength
ered by the conditions of our National
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
UNDERWOOD LOOMS UP

Whether the disclaimer of Represen-
tatiye Oscar w. Underwood of candi-
dacy for the Democratic nomination 1o1
president is to stand or not, there is nc
question that he is looming large and
seriously, no less at the North than at
the South, as a possibility, if not this
time, then in the near future. Mr.
underwood is making widespread and
distinctive impression, net only as the
honest, bold, sagacious leader of the
House majority, and not only as mas
terful Southern Democrat, but as an
American publicist and statesman
man of affairs and broad concept OF
his responsibility to the whole people
Richmond, Va, TimeS-Dispatch, re-
printed in the BIRMINGHAM, Ala, Age
Herald, January p, 1912.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
! RAJ APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE
IMPROVEMENT OF OUR PUBLIC ROADS
kod Duty of Congress Unquestioned from the Founda-
ton of the Government

from iefs Ss5 Of Oscar w. Underwood the s. House Rep
being COMMITTEES Of the Whole House state of the
lsS5SS'Sa !s'f1s ;s the the 9e
c jealous his desire rights of the
o sfo1 should or od'on ha os
rs a s oSsnmsn a asd bee1s s Gy
a 81 % by @ sa and
BE :.' s 5 the
o a s the to hs a d not con{:
@ 3oad, and m2an methods
5SaSs d1s ssi'a a sv e@S
United greater the than today
"5adHz !" the c0"s'"i'"
sSs5 e"a"ss S:sS the power
to BE sfse T tie Tb 6H dne 5em and
The that made today the leaders the
ADJ Of the nation during the 6 half century Of o
sts the House of Representatives passed the following res
ss Congress has under the Constitution
2 and Of canals, 70 Improvement OF waterways"
-, Jefferson said, n a o Mr. Lieper, in 1908:
liberated
be carried a
checker whole with canals
which all should be directed"
1919 Mr. Calhoun to
[4ssrr.rrs on canals n he
40 object the kind is important and there is which
inadequate. perfected
I The General Cover o. perfected all"
addition this Congress has stronger and more specific
and post-roads Cooley his book Constiu-
Law
rad State including railroads, canals, urnpk
navslle existing created within State becomes
by the action of the PostOce Department.
is r the transportation of the mails it"
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
Jackacrow or Axe

| That with the Democratic party al
ready in power in the House, and hav-
ing visible chance of coming into COM
plete power in the National Govern
ment, it is of interest to learn from
what viewpoint the actual pilot-in-charge
of the Democracy's legislative ship looks
at his task and by what stars he shapes
his course.
Are they fixed and steadfast lights of
the political armament or are they mere
ly those will-o'-the wisps that fame up
as paramount issues" for this year,
only to be forgotten next year? We
get comforting light on this question
from another remark by Mr.. Under
wood:
81 think the big question is the tariff.
It is the question of the development Of
the industries and commerce of the
nation"
From a Democrat that is remark
well-nigh startling. It exhibits such an
unusual viewpoint. 1t is almost like
hearing Andrew Carnegie confess that
there might be such thing as right
eous war. Heretofore, our Democratic
statesmen have so uniformly declared
that there was nothing to the tariff
question but stopping robbers" from
robbing.
They never seemed to think of tariff
as having anything to do with the de-
velopment of industries and commerce.
Mr.. Underwood does He says we
should reduce our tariff because with
the settlement of the West we have left
behind the days when our home market
absorbed the products of our factories
and left us no surplus for which we
needed to look for a market abroad.
He holds that our industrial develop
ment has outstripped the increase in
domestic demand, and that we are pxo-
ducing, or at least have the existing ca
pacity to produce, great surplus OF
manufactures for which we must hnd
markets in other countries. Therefore,
and since eve cannot trade with other
people unless we permit them to trade
with u.s." reduce the tariff to competl-
tive basis-to the lowest rates that will
raise the revenues that the ex1gencles
of the Government require.
One may agree or disagree with that
theory of tariff making. One may dlsbe-
lieve that its effects will be develop.
rnent of the industries and commerce OF
the nation" But at least it is theory
consistent with itself and protesting
constructive aims and not merely clam
oring for destruction.
And its proponent is no doctr1naire
fresh from academic halls with his nod
die crammed with solutions" of every
thing. Neither is he the freak product
of passing popular delight with the latest
novelty among political entertainers. =
Chicago Inter-Ocedn, September 20
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
THE MANNER OF MAN HE IS

After the Southern manner, Mr.. IN
derwood is unaffectedly democratic. He
meets men as one who, respecting him
self, also respects them. He does not
wear the manner of one who expects to
find his inferior. Still less would he
remind you of one who fears he may
meet his superior. Never does he pose,
nor seek to transact his dignity at the
humbling expense of another-Alffed
Henry Lewis, in the Cosmop oIitos. New
York, January, 1912
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
6outhern PreSi-
|entiaI Possibility

The mention Of Oscar w. Under
Of Alabama, for the Democratic
dental nomination resides a good
|r0re than a suggestion that we
60. TOO far away from the Civil
|era TO regard a statesman as nee
" unavailable" because he comes
q commonwealth that was a mem
\ the Southern Confederacy.
the men now before the country
ESs;5le or probable Democratic
Fates for the Presidency, Under
i certainly one Of the strongest.
p had a fine training in Congress,
II himself man Of natural force
Rrge capacity for work-and work
{ what we want in executive posi-
tie has been a member of the
OF Representatives for some ff-
Fears, and has risen by force of
ana nothing but merit, to a posi-
Ehich made it Inevitable that he
be Chairman Of the Committee
|ays and Means when the Demo-
Fame INTO control of the popular
OF the Government. He has the
the environment, the enthusiasm,
|urage the political sagacity, and
'e:siman!y qualities fully to justify
sheraton in connection with the
Entail nomination.
underwood is a conservative man,
capable OF entertaining pro-
Ideals and at the same time of
fully the duty and the ne
.or conserving substantial inter-
ne community. The Democratic
alsat go farther and do vastly
'aaa il it should nominate him
Handard-bearer of 1o12.-Mur-
-5a@He, January, 1912.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
|eRWOOD IN THE WEST

sa1hed to see this State NOV
do IN almost every line and 1
wonderful growth of Birming-
OBSERVE that The Age-Herald
lIlI step with the progressive
mas led in the work.
growing strength of Oscar IN
4 IN the minds of the people
.E the United States has given
i a Kind Of publicity that the
Ia obtain in no other way,
~ or the great question of
a. lor 1t was not thought that
F4q come out of Alabama with
~ interests who would be a
j. qety the trusts. Oscar I'm
/ Is regarded by many men as
! !, tIuilPped, cleanest, fairest man
-4 ol for the presidency. If
4 t:''rlnated, he will undoubtedly
d. any strong sentiment of the
t ..i''6<lds his election he will be
~ d. Out in Colorado, with its
20. q visitors from all parts
J.. l.. States, he is the first man
,-:,. most Of them. The prom
b. S.'5o 10 his candidacy by the
ana the public press has
I'd i sI,tong tide to rise which I
po os'ieTe will carry him to the
10 .; :, | took much pleasure
| no VI organizing the Underwood
stlHer, and it is doing good
,Ey5ees sfl Harry Hawkins,
pydl ok, IN the Birmingham, Ala,
''@'a' January 8, 1912.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
MR.. UNDERWOOD

Meanwhile Mr.. Underwood has
work to do in Washington for which he
has revealed a remarkable aptitude. 1t
is not too much to say that the existing
harmony among the Democratic mem
bers of the House, and the ability they
showed at the last session to work to-
gether, are largely due to his skillful
leadership. He proposes to resume the
task of tariff revision at the point where
it was interrupted by the Presidents
vetoes.-The Providence (R. ID Jour-
nal, December 2, 1911.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
u Voice
From Florida

Oscar Underwood, however, has
more friends than any man mentioned
for the Democratic presidential nomi-
nation. He is more popular throughout
the country with all the Democrats than
second choice If you ask the Harmon
men who they would be for in case
Harmon could not be nominated they
will say Underwood; when you ask the
Wilson men the same question as to
Wilson, they reply that if Wilson can
not be the nominee, Underwood is their
choice; and the same thing is true of
the Champ Clark men."-T. A. Jennings,
National Committeeman from Florida,
in the Pensacola Evening NeaUs, Friday
evening, January II, 1912.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
CHAIRMAN UNDERWOOD

Chairman Underwood has once Dere
given proof of that levelness of head
and clearness of purpose which have
characterized his leadership from the
beginning. He has fatty refused 10
countenance any coquetting with the Il
Toilette idea on the wool bill. Whether
viewed as mere announcement Of
program or as a bill that it is desired
and expected actually to get enacted into
law, the La Toilette proposition does
not meet the needs of the situation
The NezV York Post, August 2, 1911.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
ESTIMATE OF OPPONENTS

Men like Payne and Mann declare
him to be the most resourcetul an
tagonist they have found on the Demo-
cratic side. A skillful parliamentarlan,
a good speaker, holding himself always
in perfect control, he is model leader,
and his following is daily increasing
Washington Correspondence in The
Eyeuiue Bulletin, Philadelphia, Pa,
Tune, 1911
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
HEAPS MUCH POLITICAL TALK

GIN travelling through the country l
hear no end of political talk" said
lanes A. Braun, sales manager OF the
Vveth Chemical Company OF New
York. T
"During the past five or six weeks
have heard Underwood very much dis
russed as a presidential proposition; I
so,,rd in the Caroli1las a great deal OF
Underwood sentiment. | have been
keeping up with Underwoods rec1 d; q
in Congress, and ! believe that ms
commanding position in the Democrats r1
party will be appreciated by the rank
and file of the Democracy.,.-Alg,eo,
Herald. Birmingham, Ala, Jan. !, l9lz'
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM AND RECALL
DOCTRINES CONTRARY TO THE FUNDA-
MENTAL PRINCIPLES OF OUR GOVERNMENT

Gin address before Young Mems Democratic League of St Louis
Some Democrats the initiative
National platform OF the Democratic party think that would be
when you attempt apply the United States destroy the entire
governmentFom Knoxville Journal and Tribune Oct "a 1911
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21
The COnServa-
tive South

| Not many days ago, it was suggested
in an editorial in this paper that the peo-
| pie of that section of the Union that
| tried half century ago to break up
the Union of the States, might possibly
turn out to be the home of a conser-
vatism that would stand as a barrier
against change in Our scheme of gov
eminent that would destroy the fabric
of the Constitution adopted by our wise
forefathers, and ratified by the States
that had fought for and achieved indie
pendence and freedom.
AS evidence that such thing may be
among the possibilities a paragraph is
here quoted from a speech made by
Hon. Oscar w. Underwood, of Ala
bama, to the Young Mems Democratic
League Of ST. Louis:
"Some Democrats want to put
the initiative and referendum
plank into the national platform
of the Democratic party
think that would be unwise.
The initiative and referendum
as local issue is sometimes
successful. But when you at
tSiPl ~ Apply IL ~ lilC OAItNo
States you destroy the entire
fabric of the Constitution. We
are not true democracy. This
is representative Govern
nent"
AS the reader knows, Mr. Underwood
is the Chairman of the Ways and Means
Committee of the House of Representa-
tives at Washington. But for the fact
that he is a native and lifelong resi-
dent of the South he would stand fine
chance to be made the Democratic can
didate for President next year. Candor
compels the statement that he is as well
qualified for the performance of the du-
ties of the great office as any one in
his party who has been mentioned in
that connection, and it is not doubted
that if elected he would make a safe
President-KnoxUille Journal and T,tb-
une, October "a, 1911.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1912-03-21

art. from speech o w. in the u S HOUSE IS p
tres April l, 1909 W ~p
House being in Committee of the Whole House state Of the
having under consideration the o1SS1 NJ ,n
the Department of Agriculture fiscal wear end
4 1909
(Grrdervood said
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
AGE or HORSES INDICATED BY the teeth
USEFULNESS


|chanses their appearance a. the ani-
mails grow older.
In general It should be remembered
that the shape Of the front teeth grad
ually changes with age; in young
horses they are wider from side to
side than from front to back while In
very old horses they become wider
from front to back than from side to
side. having in many cases q TRAN
gular shape.
A. already indicated. q horses
mouth is said to be full. or det1tion 10
complete, at the age Of 5 years. AT 8
years Of age the nippers become worn
down even with the midcls teeth: the
inner edge Of tho corner teeth II also
worn of.
At years Of age the tushes show Q
dull, rounded point both edges OF the
corner teeth are worn smooth, and the
cavity on the face OF tho teeth 10 small
From this until 10 or II the incisos
teeth Of the upper jaw are usually 81
amined for determining age.
The age is now indicated approx
mately by the amount Of wear upon
the face Of the teeth and by the
gradual disappearance Of their marks
teeth become obliterated at the age Of
from 7 to years; the same process
takes place in the fore teeth Of the
upper jaw more slowly and when
these changes have occurred in the
upper teeth the horse may be looked
upon as 10 years Of age or older.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

U tube. In this case. since the creo-
scte is very inflammable, 1t should be
shielded from the open fire. In either
case a false bottom should be placed
in the tank for the posts to rest upon.
Creosote costs from fifteen to twenty
ce,-ts gallon in fifty gallon barrels,
the cost varying with the location.
transportation facilities. etc. A gallon
Of creosote should treat three or four
posts or more. depending upon the
kind Of wood. some woods absorbing
the creosote more readily than others.
To farmer who furnishes his own
labor, the cost should not be above
six or eight cents a post.
The advantage of preservative
treatment lies in the fact that it per-
mits the utilization Of material for
fence posts from the woodlot, or Of
material that can be purchased at a
low price, which ordinarily could not
be used for this purpose Such posts,
even with the cost Of treatment added,
will amount to less than the original
CO It of durable post. AS to length
OF life, a we'll creosoted post of per-
ishable wood will outlst by many
years the most durable fence post.
Posts that ordinarily last but three or
four years in the ground can be made
to last over twenty years by preserving
the wool from decay.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
EQUIPMENT FOR the FARM KITCHEN

room, then place the thernon1GoeeS1 IN
the -four you are to use for q rntnzeo
and that tells how warm 1t r. Lot -
suppose your kitchen is~70 degrees Z.
and your -four 70 degrees. Now, how
hot should the added -7ater and ualA
be to bring the dough up to 30 de-
grees? Multiply 80 by three and thai
gives you 270 degrees. Add tho fioHr
and room temperature together and
you get 140. You heat your liquid 70
100 degrees by the THERMOMETERS and
test your dough and you will ind =
close to 80 degrees, the tenperaanre
required. Room 70. -four 20. wasss
12O. total up to 270.
It is said that the insane asyisms q
the Northwest are harbormg more
farmers wives than any other class OF
women; overwork because od ack OK
kitchen and domestic facilities eeneG.
ally, and many other reasons. noe tno
least of which is worry, worry. woeIys
How much has the making o the
daily loaf to do with this worrJT Wnes
effect has the chilling OF the sponGe
or dough and perhaps the subseQue0s
souring of the dough and no bread 1of
meal or two on the table. unSee
baking powder biscuits are mace
upon the nerves of an over buroenoo'
over worked housewife with rasm
help to feed and horde OF nusky'
hungry children ?-Charies Cnsntae
doro California.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

The most effective method OF pre-
serving fence posts is to thoroughly
impregnate the outer layers OF the
wood with some substance that Will
poison the wood and deprive the
fungus plant which destroys the
posts, Of Its food.
Many substances have been used for
this purpose, but the cheapest and
most effective Is creosote, or dead oil
Of coal tar, formed as by-product in
the manufacture of coal gas. It Is not
only poisonous to the fungus plant,
blu. being an oil. 1t also tends to ex-
clude moisture from the wood.
The treatment is best carried out
by the so-called "open tank method"
Thoroughly seasoned posts are heated
for several hours in hot creosote and
then allowed to cool down in cold
creosote.
When the posts are heated in hot
creosote the high temperature causes
the air and water in the wood to ex-
pand so that a portion Of this air and
water Is forced out When the posts
are then placed in cold creosote. the
air and water left in the wood con-
tract, forming partial vacuum: and
the creosote Is forced into the wood
by atmospheric pressure, to take the
place Of the air and water that ha:o
been forced out
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25

green, as in hat case It will be very
hard to cure sufficiently. while green
oats cut in the milk makes very good
feed for milk cows. but tho curing Is
very difficult, owing to the long per-
iod necessary for properly drying and
the difficulty Of getting good weather.
1t Is absolutely necessary that the
fodder be dried before storing.
When the surface of tie ground is
smooth I cut the oats with a mower.
and let them remain several days.
then turn them over. repeating this
operation until thoroughly dried.
It usually takes me about a week
to cure my oats properly. When tho
weather is not favorable and fear a
rain before they have time to dry in
the windrow I build very large cocks
and build them so as to turn the
water as much as possible.
These cocks will go through a
sweat and may stand if necessary two
or even three weeks, after which they
must be stacked or put into the barn.
When unloading every two loads
can be sailed thoroughly and tramped
down, it will then go through another
sweat.
Such hay when fed with clover will
prove excellent for horses and cattle.
R. B. Rushing.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1912-07-25
POINTS IN MAKING DAT NAY

When the bulk Of the grain on top
Of the heaL begins to turn yellow is
the time to make oat hay. At that
stage these top grains are in the
dough state, and the remainder Is
mostly in the milk, and stalks and
blades are still green.
While as usual thing stock does
not relish cat hay as much as mixed
timothy or clover it will always be
found good substitute
It must be we'll cured, as It Is one
OF the worst crops to draw moisture,
heat and cold. It should never be put
into the barn when the least tough OF
damp.
have made good deal of oat hay
and find 1t fairly good If out at the
right time and properly handled,
Many farmers allow 1t to get too ripe
to make the best hay.
When allowed TO almost mature
there Will be a greater amount If
grain. It can be more easily cured, and
there will be less danger from mold
Ing. but It will not be oat hay; it will
be oats in the straw.
When handled this way the animals
will eat the grain readily but will only
eat the straw when driven to it by
hunger and viii get but little good out
Of It
Nor should they be cut while too