Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-07-28
TURKEY And ALBANIA.

According TO VI. Andre Cheradame. who
has studied closely the Turkish and
Albanian situations in all
Trouble their multi-phases. Turkey
&C., Is the classic country OF
OeHtoA. political questions" Turkey.
indeed, keeps Europe and all the worio
perpetually on tenterhooks with ITS po-
litical questions concerning Greece. Crete.
Bulgaria. Yemen. Macedonia, and last.
but not least. Albania.
Is Albania the rock on which Turkey
is destined to founder? NJ. Cheradame IN
an article in lie Correspondent entitled
The Albanian Question writes: The
four years of the regime of the Young
Turks have done more to precipitate the
expulsion Of the Turk from Europe than
four years Of the Hamidian rule"
Foremost of all questions to be consider
ed in this forecasted dissolution Is the
interior situation of Turkey herself. which
is apparently desperate. On the 2st
ultimo the sultan commissioned the new
grand vizir. Ghazi Moudthar Pasha, to
form a cabinet. which resulted as follows:
Minister OF foreign affairs. kiamil Pasha:
justice. Hussein Hilmi: interior. Ferid
Pasha. finance, Lia Pasha: war. Nazim
Pasha.
The same day il was announced from
Constantinople that Tewtik Pasha, am
bassador at London. had been offered the
post Of grand vizir, but that he had placed
as a condition to his acceptance the i'm
mediate dissolution of the chamber.
dispatch from Constantinople on the
I'D instant oversnadowS all else, for IL
ments in absolute contradiction to those
usually ascribed to him. The dispatch
says: I'm a conversation which the kaiser
recently had with the British and Rus
sian ambassadors, the kaiser declared
that the Christian powers should enter
Turkey and establish order from one
frontier to the other. The situation of
the Ottoman empire is a disgrace to civ
ilZation and we should remedy il at
once.
ration is promptly denied radical
change has come over the kaisers friend
ly disposition toward Turkey.
At this moment. when Turkey has lost
Tripoli irrevocably co Italy. and when
the latter is knocking at the
Domestic gates of the straits. the in
Co. terror situation is hourly be-
0eAoiA' coming worse. When Ma
homet Shefket Pasha resigned the situa-
ton required vigorous action 10 recover
from the shock Other governments have
had recourse in revolution to councils OF
safety and such automatic machines,
which were deemed necessary. and have
recovered the powers they had tempo
rarily delegated. But Turkey, less wise.
has remained hopelessly fascinated by
the authority exercised by its commit
tee of union and progress" which has
ridden the state it governs to its death.
1t was conceded that the retirement of
Said Pasha. the grand viZir, was neces-
sary, and public opinion already desig-
mated his successor in the person of hia-
mil Pasha. The question asked on AL
SIDES in Turkey and in Europe Is: The
change OF ministry. is it not too late to
save Turkey from the fate that threatens
her."
In the beginning the Albanian wished
to preserve his feudal privileges. But
insensib,y the unfortunate and cruel
prosecutions inaugurated by the com
mittee of union and progress" drove the
people into common union, and there
was developed a sentiment of Albanian
nationality.
The Young Turks sent against Alba
mans in the spring OF E,io a military
expedition. The policy OF cruel repres-
SION inaugurated by Thorgout Pasha. the
chief. converted Albania north and south
time Albanians. Mussulmans and Chris
tians alike were in complete union
aga INST the Young Turks.
After the instruction of 1910 the Al
banians, far from being subdued. issued
program in which they demanded COM
plete amnesty for all political offenses.
liberty of nat. onal education. the creation
of schools, the free instruction of Ian
suage: and that the Albanian functionary
should be an Albanian. The taxes col
lected in Albania should be utilized in the
country. The government of the Young
Turks lent unwilling ears to these de-
mandS. with the result that intense hatred
was engendered. and the union Of races
and religions were welded into one seek
ing its liberty and emancipation.
\ young noble Albanian published at
that time, at Vienna. pamphlet en-
titled THE Truth About the Conduct of
the Young Turks in Albania" which
created sensation at Constantinople.
In March, 1911, the NIallissores revolt
ed. Ismail kiamil Bey. president Of the
Albanian Club at Con-
Ignorance stant.nople and chief of
an, the Albanian party in the
Ae6cu. Ottoman chamber. at
tributed the rebellion to the profound is-
norance of the Young Turks OF the Al
ban AN psychoiogically.
Gen. ThorSout Pasha was again sent
with twenty-five batalions of redifs
against the Albanians. The latter NAM
tanned their POSITIONS. and from Cett.gue
formulated the following conditions OF
their submission.
L. The recognition by Turkey of the in
tegrity of Alpanian territory comprising
the vlIayets OF Scutari, Monastir, Janina
and SaIonlki
- The tree use of the Albanian lam
gIage and letters in the schools and
churches
3 the employment of Albanian revenue
in Alba MA.
l. The appointment OF Aibanians as
wallis i'll the vilayets of ALBANIA.
In the beginning of April. 1911. tho
Mallissores. May 1 the central commit
tee addressed q proclamation to the peo-
BILE ana the Young Turk government. This
document declared all Albania should be
united in d single vilayet. the Al
panian schools Gnall be maintained by
the state. In time of peace Albanian
soldiers shall serve in Albania.
The Constanunople journals created the
impression In Europe that the Albanian
nevertheless necessary TO send troops
again in May, 1y1I Thorgout Pasna
again appeared and launched procla-
nation and gave the Albanlans eight
days in which to depose their arms No
decisive result followed.
The FremedenbIatt declared that the
method must be changed. That note Gre
then at Berlin. Germany sustained the
government Of the Young Turk; why
should Austria interfere in favor OF the
ALBANIAN insurgents? Nevertheless. the