Omaha daily bee., 1912-06-02

always the same in quality. To standard
ize any product one must have an enor-
nous quantity of that product and the
power of controlling It's quality, The Dan
ish farmers, In order to do this, began
to form cooperative societies.
Successful Co-operatfon.
This movement. fostered as said, by
Bishop GSundtwig's high schools, began
by the organization of small societies Of
each man was allowed one vote, but he
guaranteed that he would supply to the
cooperative creamery just so many
pounds of butter fat-butter fat being the
commodity in which he dealt-and make
himself liable Independently. plus the un-
limited liability of the cooperative So
ciety to the government bank for the
amount of capital borrowed. The province
OF the bank In this transaction is not the
main thing to be considered The bank
must make fair profit. but the bank
really exists for the benefit Of the farm
ers through the cooperative. societies
which they themselves formed and which
they themselves govern
! To-day the Danish farmer buys nothing
individually. He uses no seeds until they
| have been tested by the experts furnished
by the cooperative society. He buys his
| fertilizers, soya beans from Manchuria,
cotton and meal from the United States,
through the cooperative society. He
| never kills his own hogs, though there, are
600 hogs to every 1000 persons in Dem
mark. but sends them to the cooperative
bacon factories. which were founded some
time In the sos when Germany, refused
the Danish hog because Of an outbreak
of swine fever. The Danes instantly
founded, with the assistance of the gov.
ernment, large cooperative bacon fac
tories. In order to make dairying possible
the Danes had to regenerate the land ex-
hausted by the lack Of cientific treat
ment.
Denmark is not good grazing coun-
try. The climate for grazing purposes
Is probably the worst in the world. There
are only fourteen weeks in the year when
cattle can Craze in the open. In the COS
and 70s the Dane-largely in possession
OF his land-found that he must root or
die, or become an exile, as the Irish
were, for the lack Of assistance from an
intelligent government. He rooted. That
is, he saw the roots-the turnip, the car
rot and above all, the great sugar-beet
root-could be used not alone for feeding
his dairy cattle. but could be made most
useful in restoring his exhausted soil;
but he did nothing at haphazard
Scientific Inspection.
Being an educated man, he was an
open-minded man. and he induced his
government to furnish scientific experts
who could finally answer any question
he might ask. AS an example, let us take
the small farmer with three cows three
hogs, four head Of small cattle and a
horse or two. He farms perhaps twelve
acres. Now, it is a question with him
as to the rotation Of his crops; 1t Is q
question as to the amount Of butter IA.
that cow should produce. He has,
through the cooperative society, the use
of a scientific expert, who visits his
farm every eighteen days and answers
all questions after consultation with
him. Furthermore, he keeps duplicate
set Of books for the farmer so that the
farmer knows exactly the amount of but
ter fat each COW Yields every week, when
the cows are expected to calve, the value
Of the service Of every bull in use, and
the exact position of the farmer econom.
ically and agriculturally. For this sery-
ice the farmer pays the expert 80 cents |
yearly per cow, the government paying |
the rest Of the experts salary-the ex-
pert being attached to the Royal Danish |
Cooperative society.
Denmark is country which COM
prses 1900 square miles, which is, I sup |
pose, about four times the size of Della
ware. 1t supports at least 2,5OO,OOO per
sons in very good condition, and sends
out Of the country each year, at a con-
servative estimate. s15O,0O0,0O0 worth of
butter, bacon and eggs. At least 5000
worth of this export goes to England.
but the British market is retained not
alone by the invariaNe quantity sent out,
summer and winter, but by the invariable
quality. Danish butter being the highest.
priced butter In the British market"