davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hickman courier. [volume] (Hickman, Ky.) 1859-current, 1912-03-07
FARM SCHOOL SYSTEM
Not Keeping Pace With Other So.
cial Institutions.
Strong Factor In Causing Young PEG
pie TO Dislike Rural Life and Re-
sponsIbls for Slow Progress
Of Farm Communities
cBy JEANETTE prERsoNJ


Country schools In America are not
rising TO the great opportunities which
confront them. They are not keeping
pace with other social institutions.
Some OF them occupy an exceedingly
low plane. with faults as fragrant as
could have been pointed out twenty or
thirty years ago.
The faults OF the country school
system are q strong factor In causing
young people to dislike rural life. Log
ically. then. they are responsible In a
great degree for the slow progress Of
our farming communities.
An experience OF II years as q
teacher OF rural schools has left n
clear impression on my mind OF de
fects and OF possible remedies In edu-
cational methods and conditions.
II the more promising boys and gins
In every neighborhood. or a large pro-
portion OF them. grow up dissatisfied
with their environment and leave for
the cities as soon as possible. an In
caloulable injury has been wrought.
IL 10 q damage to the agricultural
regions and In many cases. 70 the
young people concerned.
The schools and the system which
governs them. must accept a large
share Of the blame In this matter. Il
10 painful truth. but they cannot
hide nor minimize II. In fact. they
have too long tried to evade their re-
sponsibilities and secrete their faults.
One OF the striking defects Of our
rural schools Ia the youthfulness Of
The Hickman courier. [volume] (Hickman, Ky.) 1859-current, 1912-03-07

Miss Homer Green Is authorized To
accept aud receipt for subscriptions
to the Hickman Courier. together
with our regular clubbing offers. II
you are not taking this paper or II
your time is about out, hand her a
dollar. ANY favor shown her In the
matter OF subscriptions will be sp.
preciated by the Courier editors.
Moving Pictures Saturday night.
The Hickman courier. [volume] (Hickman, Ky.) 1859-current, 1912-03-07

Moving Pictures Saturday night.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
JEWISH BIBLE TRANSLATION.
Hebrew Scholar. May Give World
Better Scriptures.

Prom the Detroit Free Press
The world Is soon to have something
which It has long wanted-a translation
into English of the Jewish scriptures
made by Jewish scholars, who alone
know what their scriptures mean. Trans
lations OF even modern literature In
which writer's OF all languages think
much alike. are but poor substitutes for
the original and frequently convey little
Of the charm. or even the finer mean
ings and shadings. OF the authors. How
much wider must be the variations be-
tween the original and the translation
when the former was written in a Ian
guage nearly obsolete ZOO years ago. and
the latter is couched in the words and
thoughts Of our own day. Even the same
thoughts. could they be literally given to
us. would not convey the same meaning
as they did to the contemporaries Of the
writer's No man OF to-day can even
think in the same terms as Isaiah or
jeremiah. They had no words TO express
the thoughts we think, and We cannot
possibly imagine the meaning Of what
they thought Our translations of the
Jewish scriptures. therefore. can only
be accepted as the best guess the modern
translator could make at the meaning
Of the sacred writer's Of two or three
thousand years ago. Especially is this
true Of the proper names OF the Divinity
so frequently used in the Old Testament.
Our modern word. God. for instances
German sound-would have had no mean
ing whatever to a Jew Of the time Of
David or Solomon, who called the being
he worshiped by various proper names
such as Yaveh, Adonai, or Elohim; nor
have the latter any meaning for US ex-
cept that Of names like John. NPeter.
Henry-dinsrent beings worshlped at dif-
ferent shrines. by different people, and
variously adopted by the Hebrews under
different circumstances.
translation by modern Jewish schol-
ars cannot have a much better result un-
less they modestly refrain from attempt
ing to express their ancient proper
names by modern words which have no
precise relation to them II they avoid
this attempt which mars our Bibles,
they VIII be able to give the modern
world a much more accurate conception
OF what the authors Of the Old Testa-
ment meant: OF the nature of the ancient
Jewish religion; OF the God the ancient
Jews worshiped. and OF the history Of the
most interesting br1pch OF the human
races
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
Warning to Parents.

While the sudden descent of the cold
wave has coated the Basin with thick
crust of ice, and while the skating is
excellent there, parents should be
warned against permitting young chill
dren to go upon that treacherous pond
Twice each twenty-four hours the tide
sets into the Basin, raising the ice and
especially near the mouth of the pond
bringing volume of warmer water
from the fats, which melts or weakens
the ice underneath.
In the past several persons have been
drowned by the breaking of the ice, due
to this cause. Young children in par
ticular should not be allowed to 60 on
the Basin by themselves, when such
skating ponds as Chevy Chase Lake and
the ponds in Rock Creek Park are avail
able for this enjoyable winter sport.
The two points mentioned are almost
as accessible as the Basin and are safe.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
The Cold Wave.

Saskatchewan winter in Washington
is what the atmospheric forces Of North
America have accomplished in the way
of mixing things in the last forty-eight
hours. A cold wave of tremendous in
tensity bore down from the arctic re-
gions last Friday and. III the peculiar
conditions of the air movements, has
prevailed against any counter meteoro-
logical offset of warmer currents. 1t
has brought intense cold, widespread
discomfort, great suffering and inoon-
venience in its wake.
Science in its conquest of the material
world has for many years been cropping
amid the causes of these great weather
changes, and has acquired some facility
in foretelling their approach and in
tensity for few hours or days. Moth
ing has been accomplished directly to
avert them or soften the extremes of
temperature. To all practical purposes
the wind bloweth where it listeth and
as hard as it Iisteth, just as it did i'll
the morning of the worlds history.
This cold wave extends over all parts
of the United States east of the Rocky
Mountains, and far down into the
South. Tropical fruits and vegetables
are threatened, even to the Gulf coast,
and at all points north of Savannah the
country is in the icy grip of severe win
ter. Technically speaking, high bar
ometric pressures prevail in the Cen
tral States, and the flow of cold air
from the north continues undated to
the present time.
1t is impossible to compute the cost
of such a cold wave. just as it is i'm
possible to ward it off or lessen its du-
ration. Consumption of extra fuel
alone runs into millions of dollars.
Railroads are operated with vast diff
Guilty and additional cost at such time !;
in cities the trolley lines require addi-
tional power and heat frost bites the
human race, and to the rigor of the
cold is added greater food supplies,
more clothing, and resort to all possible
recourses to meet the situation.
! The poor especially feel the force of
the low temperature, and everywhere
charity is called upon to face the emer-
gencies of want and distress Suffering,
keen and almost as widespread as that
of the battlefield or the tornado, fol-
lows the track of the cold wave.
The intense cold brings some COM
pensstions. To the young and those
endowed with rugged health. the sting
ing wind and bite of the frost sends
the blood tingling through the veins and
adds to the enjoyment of life. Ice gives
opportunity for winter sport, and ma
ture has many ways in which to as
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
COST OF DYING TOO HIGH.
Living Expenses Not Comparable
with Those of Funeral.

Living Expenses Not Comparable
with Those of Funeral.
From the Los Angeles Tribune.
The high cost OF living is condition
that engages attention quite to the ex-
clusion OF the high costs that conven-
tion attaches to death. Funeral ex-
travagances are something more than
sheer economic waste. Often seemingly
compelled by circumstances, they i'm
pose a burden upon the poor that re-
quires the toll OF many months to light
en-. The cost of a funeral in great
numbers of cases means the practice
by whole families OF narrow economies
that amount to protracted hardship.
II the costs of living are high the
costs Nhst follow death are sometimes
monstrous. The whole scheme OF con-
ventional funeral procedure is estab-
lished on a false basis. When individ-
ually we stand as mourners with bowed
heads in the presence of the transition
men call death we have no capacity to
deal with burial as an economic prob
lem. and at other seasons there is moth
ing to spur us collectively TO remedy its
oppressive features. And yet nothing
is more certain than that a vast amount
of good would be wrought and vast
amount OF hardship would be prevented
II funeral procedure could be simpli-
ned and funeral expenditures reduced
from their excessive cost to an equit-
able level.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
Postal Savings Banks.

Postal savings banks as a Federal
institution in the United States are ap-
preaching their first birthday. The in
stitution has grown from nothing to a
system which lays some claim to vast
ness and is apparently on a substantial
basis
At the end of the last calendar year
the number of postal savings banks in
the country was s.I85, and the deposits
in them exceeded SII,ooo,ooo, confessed
ly good record for single year. The
Post-oficc Department admits that the
greater part of this accumulation of de-
posits represents the savings of for
eign-born citizens of the nation, who
were familiar with the workings of such
institutions in their old homes. But at
the same time these banks have become
popular in the rural communities, where
other banking facilities are wanting and
where small savings are the rule.
All in all, the savings banks have done
exceedingly well during the first year
of their history, and the institution has
done much TO disarm the fears of those
who doubted its utility in a republi-
can form of government. Better still,
the success of the postal banks has
done much in the way Of clearing the
air for the introduction of the parcel
post, which possibly will be the next
innovation from abroad to be adopted
in this country.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
Roosevelt on the Referendum.

The suggestion Of former President
Roosevelt, in his editorial in the cur
rent number Of the Outlook, embodying
reference of the decisions Of courts to
vote Of the people by way of final
appeal, is at the least. a remarkable
proposition. While Col Roosevelt ex-
ercises due caution in his approval Of
this use of the referendum, and would
surround it with proper safeguards,
when all is said his plan viii be inter
preted as an attack upon the dignity Of
courts and bold questioning of their
wisdom. authority, and power.
Col. Roosevelt cites the worlcingmen's
compensation law of New York and de-
clares that by decision of the court
this law, enacted by the people, was
deliberately set aside, to the hurt of the
State and the confusion of true legal
Interpretation. He says that under
present practice the courts stand in the
way of social and civic reform, and
that the only remedy seems to be in
the referendum, by which wrong de-
cisions of the courts may be set aside
by the direct vote of the people, and
true reform go forward unchecked
In the application of this referendum
Col. Roosevelt would not act hastily or
rashly. He suggests a period of six
months between the time of the de-
cision and the reference to popular vote,
giving what he thinks ample time for
discussion and information on the part
of the people to exercise their right of
passing on the appeal. In conclusion,
he urges the incorporation in the State
constitution of a clause embodying the
main outlines of his suggestion.
This proposal of the ex-President is
revolutionary of existing practice. It
does not aim at the recall of justices
for wrong or unpopular action, but
seeks to place the acts of the judges
before the people for such change as
the majority vote of the plebiscite may
dictate. In defense of his proposition
Col. Roosevelt declares that justices,
while good men and wise, cling to an
effete philosophy which no longer fills
the need of public conditions and the
healthy advancement of society.
1t is a startling proposal, which most
likely will not meet with public ap-
proval any moro than it will coincide
with the ideas of lawyers.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
THREATENED TARIFF WAR.
Business Men Say 1t Would Injure
Russia Most.

Pfon the cIcveiAnd Plain Dsllsr.
II Russia carries out her threat of
discriminating against the American
products she will. It appears, be going
to some trouble to bite OF her nose TO
spite her face. Commercial leaders
throughout Russia are already express
ing the belief that discrimination
against American goods would be of
considerable disadvantage to Russia
The war, II war is declared. will be
a governmental AFFAIR. not backed by
any unanimous public sentiment.
The United States is not seeking any
trouble of this kind. The abrogation of
an-obsoIete treaty was done In such a
manner that even Russia, most sensi-
tive OF nations, has no just ground for
Irritation. The Idea OF attempting to
punish this country in the manner pro-
posed Is entirely peurile. America will
not be tremendously upset by any
measures OF thinly disguised unfriend-
liness that the Czars government may
choose to put in force.
Reports OF a Russo-Japanese COM
merctal alliance to shut the 'open
door" in Manchuria are Of considerable
more Importance and interest. It Is
amazing that these two bitter enemies
should be able to combine in a matter
Of such considerable Importance In
asmuch as Japan and Russia practI-
cally control the approaches to Man
churia there Is little doubt that they
could make the exclusion of American
commerce fairly effective. In this case,
too. they would be working for their
own practical ends. quite aside from
any motives OF sentiment or Nindictive-
ness. They would provide a closed
market for themselves, to the exclu-
sion of natural competition.
few years work strange changes
A few years work strange changes.
Not long ago the United States, by the
exercise OF friendly meditation, brought
TO an end the great Russo-Japanese
war. Both parties to that contest well
coined. peace. and were grateful to
America. Now they are negotiating an
alliance OF the closest nature and their
efforts are to be directed against the
nation that so recently stood as their
best friend.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
Trolley Extensions.

Recent acquisition by a new company
of the Bluemont division of the South
ern Railway, and the execution of plan:
to connect the line with the Great Falls
and Old Dominion Railroad, with ulti-
mate change of motive power on the
Bluemont line from steam to electricity
IS long step in trolley extension for
Washington. The project, which will
arrive at completion during the present
year, will give to Washington some
sixty miles of new electric railway
through a rapidly growing section OF
the State of Virginia. 1t will also open
the way by further connections in the
future to important points in the Shen-
sndoah Valley.
From an official report on the devel-
opmeHt of trolley railroads in the Unit
ed States it is learned that the mileage
of the extensions for last year was
nearly LOO miles, so that the addition
Of this new mileage to the Virginia
mountains is Washington's proportion
ate share.
The need for trolley development in
Virginia and Maryland will probably
become more pressing in the next few
years. in time the people in the ad-
joining States may arrive at the point
where those in Western Massachusetts
now are and may unite in the organizs-
ton of corporations to promote trolley
building and operation in the hope of
opening now remote sections of the
States to the traffic ways of the world.
Washington, with its trolley lines to
Baltimore and Annapolis, to Rockville
and Laurel, to Arlington and Mount
Vernon, and now to Bluemont, has
made substantial progress, which IN the
natural order of events will increase
as time shows to the people of the
adjoining States the desirability of
closer connection with the Capital
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
OF INTEREST IN WASHINGTON.

From the Harrisburg Tslec1ph.
That Democratic dinner at Washington
is going to be some love feast, is it not,
Ffuu the Qattanoosa TSnsG
There will be considerable use OF IN.
aeroplane for going up IN the air In ths
war against the tipping system.
From the Atauta Journal.
Here's hoping that 1912 will be 20 pros.
perous that every household may have
at least one fireIess cooker. II not an
automobile.
From the Hartford cou-ant
Washington is taking an interest in th1
new Ambassador from Brazil. Mr.. DO
micio de Cana, who Is young for ms
years. very rich. and unmarried.
From the BufnIo Ne~H
The White House reception on New
Years Day was the largest on record
thus attesting the unwaning popuIarity
Of the President and the frst lady OF
the land.
From the Sewark Evening star.
While doctrinaires are watering theiH
political capital stock with generanties on
the tariff question, Democratic legislators
at Washington are trying 20 get measures
of reasonable revision into practical
shape. -..-s. ..
From the Oncinnati Tribune.
A Washington girl was the victim of
carbon monoxide. And those few who are
still living up to their New Years reso-
lutions are firmly convinced that they
will be victims OF hydrogen monoxide
before very long.
Frum the BsltimoTe News
The furor that has followed the an
.nouncement that Mr.. Bryan viii be pres
ent at the Democratic festivities IN
Washington next week and make a
speech shows once more that the Demo-
cratic party is not at all sure that II
can't be jerked away from its safe and
sane moorings.
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
SALARIES OF JUDGES.
GeOrsiRR Leaves Bench Because of
Low Remuneration.

Low Remuneration.
From the AgastA Gal. ChrOuiele.
In quitting the Court OF Appeals to re-
sume the practice Of law, Judge Arthur
@. Powell takes the State OF Georgia to
task for the miserable salaries paid the
Judges OF the courts, particularly the
higher ones. He states frankly that. de-
spite his love for the bench and his in
clination to remain thereon. justice to
his family compelled him to relinquish
work that was pleasant and to forego
an ambition to continue Il for at least
ten years. Georgia should be not only
ashamed but afraid" to treat her judges
as is done, he declares.
In looking for a successor to Judge
Powell, 1t is understood, several promi-
nent lawyers to whom the place was
rendered by Gov. Slaton declined Il, on
the ground OF the inadequate salary.
And the one who accepted II, though a
young man who had been In the active
practice OF law for only about six years,
did so at a financial sacrifice to himself
The time has come when Georgia should
truly be afraid" to offer no more than
1900 a year for the ability, character,
ana industry which are the necessary
complement OF the competent appellate
court judge. Any lawyer fitted for the
place can earn more in an environment
more comfortable and less expensive.
It Is not only proper that the best
available men be appointed to the bench,
but that once thereon they remain IN the
public service. During the past few
weeks two of the ablest jurists in the
State quit the public service because
they could not afford the financial sacri.
fice continuance therein demanded.
The legislature should quibble no longer
over the question Of raising the salaries
of the Court OF Appeals and Supreme
Court judges. The sooner Il Is done the
better IL will be. Delay means risk
The Washington herald., 1912-01-07
CHARTING AERIAL SEA.
knowledge of Strata of Higher At
mosphere TO BE Broadened.

Ffom the Springfield Republican.
An Incidental result OF progress IN
aviation has been a notable stimulus to
the study OF the higher strata of the
atmosphere, in regard TO which knowI-
edge was until a few years ago very
meager. The scientists who have been
patiently at work with kites and sound
] ing balloons. with wind gauge, ther-
mometer and barometer. with inadequate
public recognition OF their unostentatious
services, are now rs9ping their reward.
Their work Is even more Indispensable
for aerial navigation than the charting
and lighting OF the sea is for the marine
With some added risk. a ship might get
about, despite adverse winds and cur
rents, IL such helps did not exist But
it Is plain that the key TO the mastery
Of the air must lie. when all that is pos
sible has been done in the way Of me-
chanical invention, in a more adequate
knowledge of the wind and its vagaries.
For this kind OF work the chief sta
ton, so far as the United States is con-
cerned. has been the Blue Hill mete-
orological observatory. near Boston.
Both entertaining and instructive Is
general map showing the extent OF mans
small triumph over upward space In
one picture may be seen the dirigibie
and the rainy nimbus floating at the
height of a mile. the aeroplane and the
alto cumulus soaring at two miles ii is
now Ofor the aeroplane. more than two
and a halo, the highest human perching
on nothing at the altitude OF three miles
where the curve Of g degrees Fahrenheit
crosses the equator, the highest noun
tain climber planting his flag at four and
a half miles where the zero Fahrenheit
curve reached the equator and the GIRO
cumulus clouds float like zephyr. the
highest mountain peaks at five and
half miles. then the cirrus clouds. and
highest Of all. the spherical balloon. the
1901 record Of which Just grszes the %
below zero curve Of six and half miles
AT three and a half miles the density
OF the air is decreased to half that of
sea level. and the temperature drops 50
degrees. At seven miles the dencity is
reduced TO a fourth. and the temperature
falls about 10 degrees.
The eastward route Is from Boston to
London at height OF L2oo feet. passing
over Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and
across Southern Ireland, the course be-
ing nearly east-northeast to latitude So
degrees. a distance OF neariy Zoo miles,
and thence nearly ease for the remaining
1,30O miles. The westward roIte extends
from Lisbon 1850 miles southwest to lati-
tude IS degrees. longitude 20 degrees.
thence Loo miles wes> southwest 10 the
lesser Antilles. thus taking advantage OF
the trade winds. East winds are shallow
and therefore on this route atr craft may
fly low. with trail rope II necessary.
June Is the best month. and the pa sage
should not exceed four lays.