davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
POLICE RAID CLUB
OF SUFFRAGErrBS
Arrest Leaders ssd Governments WIN
Tea Exis&iao lsss 10 Care
ACTIVITY.

LONDON. March Sin pursuance
OF the determination OF the govern
ment fully 10 test the efficacy Of ex-
listing laws to deal with the latest tao
tics OF the militant suffraeettes. be-
fore resorting to special legislation to
make the funds Of the suGragstts 90
cisties liable for damage dons By their
members. the police tonight raidsd
the OFFICES Of the women's social ana
political union In Clements Inn. They
arrested Mr.. and Mrs. Frederick Peth-
LEX lawrence. joint editors OF Votes
for Women, who we're taken to the
Bow street police station. The police
also arrested Miss christabel Pank-
hurst
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
BATH TUB TRUST
IMPROVED BUSINESS

DETROIT. Mich, March 5.-That
conditions in the jobbing business
were demoralized previous to the con-
summation of the bath tub trade
agreements in June. 1910. because of
the great amount OF alleged defective
goods thrown upon the market and
that conditions were greatly improved
after the final trade agreements were
signed. was tne gist Of the testimony
offered today at the trial of the So
called bath tub trust" charged with
conspiracy in restraint OF trade.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
Welfare Of the People.

Welfare Of the People.
Continuing his letter. Mt. Roosevelt
declares he is not interested In the
welfare OF Taft. La Toilette or him
self. but solely in the welfare OF the
people. He quotes profusely from
Lincoln and writes this sentence: IF
at this time announced that I would
accept the nomination IL would be
blazoned abroad by all my enemies
that ] had in my own interest an
nounced my candidacy. that was an
active candidate. that I was striving
by every means to secure the nom.
ination for president" He says he
was not a candidate in 1908 because IL
would be a third term and that state
ment did not apply TO 1912 or 1915.
He also writes: Il am convinced
that although IL is entirely proper for
other men to seek the presidency. II
" neither wise nor proper for me 10
do so. the conditions being what they
actually are"
His concluding paragraph is:
Therefore. have all along felt
that even if there should be a
strong popular demand for me as
20 which : can pass no Judgment.
vet that unless this demand were
literally overwhelming Il could
tddly make itHelf enecfiNe. But 10
Eeems 20 me that ~ II better that
~ should rot make itself effective
rather than that by any action 81
mine ] should make ~ seem that
desire the Presidency for my own
sake. or am willing e. accept IL
unless 10 comes 20 me as result
OF a reel popular movement giving
expression 20 densnd from -
least a Substantial portion - the
plain people that I should under
take a given task IN the interest %
the people whole Before
speak there should be Some tangible
evidence tnat such is tie case
With very high regard
'TsithfgiiF yours
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
When Colonel Roosevelt reached
his editorial once here from Oyste,
Hay this morning he found a number
- politicians waiting 20 see him. Ioht
r Murphy. Of Philadelphia. brough
him the latest reports from Pennsyi
vania william Allen White. the nan
saz editor. u J. Wyuns. Who vas a.
fsfant postmaster general in N.
Roosevelt administration. ana Fioi
Hooker. treasurer 90 th~ Roosevei
New York CITY committee. siso take,
With him
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
PsILBESRERs SPILLED
ON WAY TO CEMETERY

Sps. ~ DISPATCH 10 the tntsiiEencer
GRAFTON. ". Va. March g. Mon.
day tho funeral OF James Murphy.
Who died o. the country innrmarv
Saturday VAS held from s. Angus
tines Catholic church. aud While The
funeral parry Was enroute 10 the Gem.
efery the carriages conveying the
pailbesrers broke down and ali we've
precipifafed 20 the around hut no
one Uss injured
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
FARMBRSOPPOSE
TEDDY'S ANGELS
usass Dss3 Cut Of TIE nesssvsas
Yighi

WAsHfSGroS. March Senator
Joseph NJ. Dixon. Of Montana chair
man OF the Roosevelt executive COM
mittee. replied to-day 60 the statement
given out by the national Taft head
quarters yesterday In which attention
was called TO the location OF the Rcose-
Welt hsadouarters In a ouiidinx owned
by Frank A. Munsey.
We selected Taft four years aeo
out OF the International Harvester
company building In Chicago" said
Chairman Dixon. Our headquarters
occupied the sixth floor Of that build
Ing. ana 30 afr az know no rent was
paid fov the rooms.
II personalities are wapted IN this
campaign" Senator Dixon continued.
I'VE viii give them more than they
expect.
-Four years ago. WI en- I was trying
20 elect TAFT, Mr.. Mckinley. now head
OF the Tatf committee. was down south
rounding up delegates for Speaker
Cannon"
The national Taft headquarters gave
out a statement to-day declaring that
the farmers OF the middle west are
demanding that George W. Perkins and
Medili Mccormick. related to promin-
ent officials of the Harvester trust.
separate themselves from Mr.. Roosevelt
and his campaign.
FEDERAL Enpioyss Are Busy.
President Tafts manager. Repre-
sentative william n. Mckinley. made
the following statement this afternoon
In reference TO the alleged activity
amongst federal employees:
Under the recent ruling of the civil
service commission the managers OF the
campaign OF any Presidential candi-
date may inquire OF any federal oHice
holder as 20 political conditions IN his
vicinity. and may even ask his own
political preferences, which I distinctly
did not In my letter fthe seth.
No orfice holder was asked by me
TO do anything which was not consist
ent with his duties under the law. and
especial emphasis was lad the sub
feet OF reply for no other purpose
than to TX in the recipients mind that
he owed no further obligation 20 any
body than the courtesy OF an answer.
tn this connection might suggest
that Mr.. Roosevelts managers are as
free as lam 20 write any Office holder
In the United States at any time. and
what IL more 10 the point. they are do
ing IT. The friends or Colonel Roose-
Welt among whom Senator Dixon Ira,
always been conspicuous. did not hest
tate TO follow a similar line Of action
fou yrears ago. and properly too. he.
cause only in that way could they have
secured any reiisbi. Information upor
which TO map out their campaign"
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
ELECTION
Results In Victory for the Peoples
Party IN 1sitngton ON
Tuesday.

Special Dispatch TO the Inteiligencer.
BELINGTON. W. Va, March with
mejorities ranging from 80 TO IS the
Peoples ticket to-day swept the boards
and defeated every present city official
Nho was q candidate on the Citizens
ticket for reelection. The vote: Mayor,
Is. ". Rohroaugh. Peoples ticket, sc ma
lorfty over l. l. Bennt. Citizens ticket
Recorder. J.. j. Staniser. Sc majority
over W. u. Hare Citizens ticket Coun-
cilmen. j. p. Keyssr. J. \. Niquesney, n
n. Hankey and Floyd Peters. all candi-
dates on the Peoples ticket.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
TREATIES
MAY PASS ENATE TO-DAY

WASHINGTON. ID. c.. March s.
Four hours debate in the Senate to-
day seemed to Indicate that the pend
ing arbitration treaties with England
and France probably would be rati-
ned late tomorrow. The ratification
will be the contamination OF what
many statesmen view as the first
great move toward universal peace.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
WAGE INCREASE
WIN Lihsiy Ne Agrssd upoa ss ol-v.-
iasd Affecting night Tsous.aA
Psopis

Special Dis,stcs 20 the inienissnce-
CLEVELAND. o. Narch e-fndiea-
tious shortly after midnight here vere
- the en~ct tfaf the wfnfow efass
workers. and frsir employers would
reach waas agreement some time
int rnornfng TIE Increase viff -
men
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
COAL CONFERENCE
Called by Miners and Operators to
Take Up Wage Scale at Cleveland
en- Twentieth.

CHICAGO. March s.-Representa-
uves Of the bituminous coal opera tors
associations in western PENNSYLVANIA.
Ohio. Indiana and Illinois met today
with officials Of the United Mine
WORKERS Of North America and IL
was decided that another meeting
should be held in Cleveland March 20.
when the coal mining situation will
be discussed.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
TsFT NGs ~ osLAHoNA
TAKE FieHT 70 PEOPLE

PORT NORTH. Tr7as v.res
~ vote ~ 81 fo O. fhe candidaev ~
colonel Rooaersit uas endorsed today
p 80 Teras state Reulhioan sse~r
eve r1mriffse Hurplrfsrr ~ Tar
fHe-eupoo ferilied fo carry their fsff
80 hehaf bsfors 80 ro.srs ~
cove usfhof 80 20 - rrrtaf o.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
WOMEN m WASHINGTON
FoRN RoosEvELT cIUa

NNYsIDE. Ws-h Mach e.
The hrst Hoosevelt club ~ uamsn
voter 90 Or - 10 knovn. I'm ne
United States he's her formed here
a flh corps - oncers ras elected
and campaign N b-hsY ~ tbs Colo
neIs candidacy decided ucon.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
M'FARLAND
stoekyard Idol Won Under Raps
From one-Reund Hogan In q Ten
Round Mill Last Nlaht.

NEW YORK, March 5.-Packey
Mcfarland. the Chicago lightweight,
won all the way in a ten-round bout
with one-Round Hogan. OF California.
az the Fairmont Athletic Club here
tonight.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
MINISTER Eaos Lea
~ BALTIMORE HoTEL

BALTIMORE. Nd. Mach s-Ksv
Walter Rhodes pastor - me
Onancock Virginia Baptist eaurrh.
pulpit orafor snd lecturer % note
committed suicide By shooting IN q
hofei here fodar
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
STRAW VOTE
Tssen ~ tss seLurs Hotel ~ Trsv.
cling Men SHOWS Large ~
pubiicar Nalorlty.

Yesterday afternoon ~ fhe Mctare
hotel ~. ball. q NeW YORK travelling
man. took = straw vote on TIE preai
DENTAL choices and g. votes we're
cast for Roosevelt and Tsfs VALE
but 20 votes we're cast for the Demo.
cratic candidates. Harmon Wilson
and clark The votes were: Hoose.
welt. 30 Taft. 20. Woodrow Wilson
IL. 49, - - 81 =
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
oFFicGss ELECTED ~
CATHEDRAL p4to4 rrAn

re-finE - 80 Cathedral high
90 1- Fslfeufs infsr~sfed in Baseball
Eas helf yesterday. nearly forty can.
dlfsfes fer ne team attending HaF.
ufnd Nhsien SO selected o. cspfain
ar1 Charles kaifeubach 49, chosen
raanasfr Plans Tor ne coming season
.ere discussed SRI a number % NAT
49, usfs faEan 90.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
Una.rao.a op.ratlor

Mr. John Lyle. of Mingo. tho wife
- policeman % that city. vas hur
ried'y brought 20 the City hospital
here yesfsrdsy where shs underwent
~ operation yesterday afternoon
Lest niEhf me vac reported resting
sss''-. and her speedy recovery f. er.
peefed
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
LONE ROOSEVELT NAN
oGTs oFF TSFT COMMITTEE

AUBURN. ~ g. March Forner
Tinted states Minister 90 spain WIN
MILLER Collier TO-DAY resirnef - head
~ the deieEafion ~ the Hepubiicas
sfate convention b~rnuas - fhs under.
stanfinF fhaf ne declaration favored
president TAR q h@iisve IN -
1ufninafion - CoIrnsl Roosevelt and
resign in order nof ~ Place mvssff .r
faire lahf. h. sid
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
II Col6Iuo TO WHEELING
AHD WILL DEFY AurHoRrrTEs

In spite OF the information that II
was a misdemeanor for fortune tellers
TO operate In this city. City Auditor
Geiger has received n letter from l..
y. Boyer. OF Biueheld. W. Va. that he
Is coming TO Wheeling anyhow. and
hang out his single. and he intimates
that the city dads can arrest him ~
they want TO and prove a msdemeanor
81 they can.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
Socialists Lose .. Elh,ns-

ELkINS. W Va. March 5.-Socialist
candidates were showed under Mt TO-
days election In recent elections the
socialists showed remarkable gains but
the vote w=s almost cut in two. The
Peoples and Citizens Tickets dividea
honors
Only counciimen were elected and the
vote follows: First ward: c. II. Hall
Peoples ticket. second ward. g r. Tall
man. on both tickets. Third ward: IL o
Jones. on both tickets. Fourth ward: j.
Is Bray. Citizens ticket Firth ward:
II. W. Daniels, Citizens ticket
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
Obituary


A gentle spirit passed 20 its own 3uss
reward In the death OF Miss OeorTianna
Litug. at the city hospital early ysstsr-
cay morning. For some years past MinDl
h.ittlg has been residing at Aitsnehlm.
took her In the fracture OF her an11a.
which necessitated her rspovai from ths
Rome TO ire city hos2fiki THE she
s S s ssndnsriy , ard f9y Bot ewlng ~
the treatment and death mercifuiiy rs-i
ieved her. In all her Affections aksI
was patient and she died In the conso-
who. while suffering much believes with
the simplicity and hope of the child She
Was sister Of Mrs Annie L. Ruttsr, OF.
this city.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06

An Item appeared IN yesterdays
Intelligencer to the effect that q GER
tain party had gone to PittsburhA IN
the interest OF Sax & Patterson. The
item was a mistake. the party men
toned not being delegated to renre-
sent the nrrn. and, furthermore, they
do not handle any animals from
Pittsburgh. but secure their entffe
stable from high bred stock In Ohio.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06

Dr. often happens that whom a man
Enors Bic duty he tries 20 stave % on
h. saaFfns sdvias
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
WIFE SEEKS DIVORCE
FROM A CONVICT.

Special Dlspatch to the Irtelliger-er
GAINESVILLE. o.. March 5.-Be-
cause her husband is serving a life
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06
ROOSEVELT DENIES
(contdunsd Prom FIRST P.gs)

ticular problems ahead OF US at this
particular time. the people feel that
am the one man IN sight 90 do the
job. then / should regard myself a.
shirkins a plain duty IL I refused
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1912-03-06

Tho Canadian Pacific and Canadian
northern railways are racing to enter
ne OkansgaR valley BHusA Colon.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14
FRANK FRED" LEWIS
 IN LIMBO NOW

Frank Lewis, better known as Red" Lewis, is in trouble again. Court house attaches are talking about the legal training he is getting as defendant in the criminal court.
 Red" Lewis and his female con- sort "Porcupine Mary" whose real name is Mary Boyle, have caused more trouble along the Juneau water front than all others combined.
 Mary Boyle is an Indian woman, who became white through marriage to "Chic" Boyle. an ex-soldier of Ft, Seward, and is therefore allowed to buy and drink whiskey.
 For many months she and Red" who have been living together have terrorized the community around the City dock with their drunken carous- als.
 Red" Lewis has tried the patience of Captain Martin and the nightwatch- men a long time. The first time he appeared in court was on account of drawing a 45-Colfs and discharging it in the shooting gallery. He was sentenced 90 days for this, but got out early. He was mixed up in the Overman shooting which occurred during the same month, September, 1911. Three months later he was ar rested for creating a disturbance at Burfords corner. He was locked up in the federal jail and during his im- prisonment tried to tear the building down. He got six months sentence for malicious destruction of property but served only part of the time. lie next appeared in the commission CTS court to answer to an assault case last month, and he was fined ten dollars and costs.
 He was mixed up in several drunk en brawls at "Porcupine Mary's" cab in during November but was not brought to court because of 1t. How. ever, he did get arrested for steal ing coal and has been out under a | sentence for several weeks. Last night Capt. Martin caused his ar rest again through the marshal's of
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

flee. He is under two separate charges for assault and battery; one committed at the Montana saloon; the other at the cabin home of Mary Boyle, No. 12, Roberts Row. When arrested he was found with Mary at her home.
 This morning Lewis was conduct ing his own defense very cleverly be- fore Judge Vim, in the last men, toned case.
 It is said that the charge of un- lawful cohabitation will also be laid against him and brought to the at- tention of the grand jury. Friday, Dec. 13, was an unlucky day for Red"
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

There will services in St. Luke's Episcopal church tomarrow morning at II. Subject of sermon, "An Ad- vent Message" Everyone is cordial ly invited. Sunday School at 1O:SO a. m. sharp. Children are heartily welcome.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

If quantity and quality are what you want; you should see Valentines cut glass before making your purchases. Many new and beautiful designs are displayed, not heretofore seen in Alaska. '"
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Douglas Opera House for wines, liquors and cigars. Pool and bil. lizards. Peter Rolando. prop; Chas. Mann, manager. St.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Small compact, efficient, durable is the Royal Typewriter. w. Fl. CASE is agent.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

TO LET-Two furnished rooms with bath. Inquire Osborne House 4S Franklin street.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

The Quality Store. Coughlin 6 Dahl. 'GNuf Said" "''
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

See the new Gold Belt City spoon, designed by Winter & Pond. If.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Dates. figs. nuts of all kinds, fruit candies, just in, fresh for the holiday trade, at the Palace of Sweets, Doug las, Alaska. "'"
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

FOR sALE-Kohler & Chase piano, Inquire Empire office.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

He-wen, dearie, what do you want for Christmas?
 She-Oh, let me see; guess I would just as soon have one of those nice boxes of candy on display at the Palace of Sweets, Douglas ""'
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14
Sparks From
 Douglas

DOUGLAS, Dec. 14.--Joseph Gini- gan has moved into B, swatzenberg's house near the saw mill,
 Clyde Abercrombie was in Douglas yesterday strengthening up his bus mess as he expects to go South on the Mariposa tonight to spend Christ mas at his home in Tacoma.
 Mrs. c. E. Bennett, of Treadwell, Is taking care of little Dorothy Salmon while the mother is at St. Ann's hos pital in Juneau,
 Joe Robinson is out and around again after being sick with la grippe. The sick on the island are much bet ter and it is hoped by all that the scar let fever has been stamped out for ever on the island,
 The Dolphin arrived at Treadwell about S:SO a. m.
 Fritz Montz, William Prentice and To. A. Berg, returned on the Dolphin this morning.
 The Alh was unable to and at Douglas last night, but will arrive over today
 Ed Fox came home this morning to spend the holidays here.
 Mrs. John Feusie and family re- turned home this morning. Mrs. Feusie has been away for the benefit of her daughters health which is very much improved.
 Special artists have painted scenery for Pictures from Life," which is to be presented by spickett & McIvOr, at the orpheum next Sunday night.
 E. J. Owen, an old-timer of Doug las returned to the island this morn. ing or the Dolphin, and is busy shak- ing hands with his many friends. Mir. Owen spent the summer at Hazelton, B. C.. which, he says, is prosperous place.
 The Dolphin landed at Treadwell this morning with large passenger list and about seventy tons of freight for that place
 Mir B. Archer will so back to work tonight as watchman. after being sick for a week.
 The biggest and best show of the season at the orpheum Sunday night Prof Augustus von Dittsen, lightning artist, painting pictures in from 2 to minutes, given away free, "The Outcast and the Swell" A singing sketch. original and up.to-date; four reels Trust Films and Nelson's six piece orchestra. Remember the name "Orpheum." Box and reserved seats at Hubbard's.
 Johnnie Laughlin returned on the Georgia from Hoonah, where he was employed by S. Cain.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Are you ready for the question All of you who want to buy a nice box O. candy for your wife. mothey. sister or sweetheart, answer by send
 ing one from the Palace of Sweets. NJ. and L. Liljestrand, Proprietors, Douglas. "''
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Job Printing at The Empire omoo.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Don't forget the Irish ties at Mul. ligans Haberdashery. zee
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

Chambers Bros, Butchers-Choice cuts a speciality. '''
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

FURs-For Ladies' Misses, Children and Babies We carry them in all the makes and different kind of furs.
The Alaska daily empire., 1912-12-14

LADIES' NECKWEARWe just received from the East big line of up-to-date novelties in this line
Arizona republican., 1912-03-17
GONE TO LOS ANcELEs-Mi

GONE TO LOS ANGELES-Miss
 Adeline Turner the pleasant and ac- IcommodatinS telephone operator at
 Hotel Adams left last night for her home in Los Angeles
 NEED MORE ROOM-The Asso- ciated Charities finds that the work of the association is growing so rap idly that the present office force :s nc longer able to cope with the vol tune of business. Miss Gilchrist. su-
 perintendent is endeavoring to ar range for q larger office force. NEW ENGINEERING coMPANY- J. E. Girand, former territorial en- gineer, announces that his work is to be continued under the firm name of The Grand Engineering company with offices in the Fleming block. MT. Girand has associated with him Carl F. Hasse, designing engineer. and Frank Goodman, United States min eral surveyor.
 SPECIAL TO TUCSON-The Elks are working on q plan to secure q special train to Tucson this week when the state convention of the herd
 is held. A large delegation will go from here. and if enough do not sign will be attached to the regular train
 for the trip. Preliminary work tn secure q big delegation to the Port -
 l2nd national convention next sum
 mer IS soon to be undertaken
Arizona republican., 1912-03-17
Of Local Interest
STORED WATER SUPPLY

Water service department daily re- port March l6.
 Elevation of water in reservoir,
 Ietl .-...... ...--... ..-.....- l5o.-o Contents of reservoir, acre feet. 479. .246 Elevation of water in reservoir
 year ago today. feet ...... 1G2.60 Contents of reservoir l year ago
 today, acre feet..... .... 52l, ,373 Cain preceding 24 hours. acre
 rect .-...--. .-....--. 5,t43 Normal flow Salt and Verde
 rivers at Granite Reef dam.
 M. ........... .l32,724 Normal flow at joint head, NJ.
 l--.---.- .tdIu SoHt Amount of water used for irri-
 ation. north side, M. I....... 16,7S4 Amount of water used for irri-
 gatiOn, South Side. M. I.... lO.90O
 Water today in the Arizona and Grand apprOpriators.