Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1912-02-28
POSTAL SERVICE
SHOWS A !. PROFIT
First Time in History, According
to Report Of Cabinet
Officer.

" ntpOfl vi OdUliItl
Officer.
RAISE IN RATES IS FAVORED
prssldent coneurs In Recommends.
ton Of Commission on Second
Glass Mail Matter Again sug.
81, gests Adoption of Parcel 4 Ss5..a
Post System.
Washington, Feb. 22.-For the first
time in the history OF the postal serv-
Ice that department Of the government
showed a profit for the fiscal year
ending June 80, 1911. according to the
annual report Of Postmaster General
Hitchcock transmitted to congress to-
day. Accompanying the document
was the report OF the commission on
ssecond-class mail matter appointed by
Joint resolution OF congress on March
. OF last year and a brief message of
the president, In which he called at
tention to the principal features Of the
two reports. H & q. ,s5s 35. Il.
Would Increase Second c lass Rates.
The report of the commission on
second-class mail matter makes tho
following recommendations. 5.s
i. The rate OF cents pound on
copies mailed by publishers to sub
scribers. to news agents, and as sam
pie copies, and by news agents to their,
Subscribers or to other news agents.
2 2. The rate OF / cent for each 4
ounces for copies mailed by other
than publishers and news agents; that
u, the present transient rate.
q 8. The present free-in.county priv
ilege retained, but not extended. $;
The commission also recommended
that the cent-a-copy rate for newspa-
pers other than weeklies and for pc
triodicals not exceeding 2 ounces in
weight, and the 2-cent-a-copy rate for
periodicals exceeding 2 ounces in
weight. when mailed at q city letter
carrier once for local delivery, be
abolished.
S3S AS to the effect and adequacy OF the
proposed increase Of l cent pound
in postage the commission says:
.'Such an increase will not, in the
opinion OF the commission, bring dis
tress upon the publishers of newspa.
,pers and periodicals. or seriously In
terfere with the dissemination Of use
full news or information. A reasonable
time should be allowed, after the rate
III fixed, before It is put into effect.
While the new rate VIII be very far
from compromising the government
for the carriage and handling OF sec
ond-class matter, it will to some ex-
tent relieve the existing burden and
result In a more equitable adjustment
of rates
Both the president and the postmas-
ter general concur In the recommends
lions and regarding the proposed In
crease in newspaper postage the presi-
dent says: The proposed increase OF
/ cent pound in the second class
postage rate, I believe, to be most
reasonable. and II sufficient time Is al
lowed before the change goes into eff
feet 1t should work little serious In
Jury to the business OF the periodical
publishers, while equalizing at least
tin measure, the burdens OF postal
taxation Il.
Rates should BE More Equal.
Commenting further on the pro,
posed increase, the president says
'.The postal service is now, for the
first time in years, operated upon a
:selfsustaining basis, and in my judg-
ment this Is q wise policy: but 1t
should not be carried out at the ex-
pense OF certain classes of mail mat
ter that pay revenue largely in ex-
cess Of their cost. 1t is not Just that
some classes OF mail should be ex.
brilliantly taxed to meet deficiency
caused by other classes, the revenue
from which is much below their cost
OF handling and carriage. Where such
inequalities exist they should be re-
moved as early as practicable. The
business enterprises of the publishers
of periodicals, however, have been
built up on the basis of the present
second-class rate, and therefore It
would be manifestly unfair to put into
Immediate effect a large Increase In
postage. That newspapers and maya
zines have been potent agencies for
the dissemination of public intellf-
gence and have consequently borne q
worthy part in the development of the
country all must admit; but it is like
wise true that the original purpose OF
congress in providing for them sub
vention by way, OF nominal postal
charges in consideration OF their
value as mediums of public informa-
tion ought not to prevent an increase,
because they are now not only educa-
tional but highly profitable. There Is
no warrant for the great disparity be-
tween existing postage rates on pc
radicals and the cost Of the service
the government performs for them.
The aggregate postal revenues for the
fiscal year 1911 were $237,S79, s23.60,
derived mainly from the postage col
lected on the four classes OF mail
matter. It Is carefully estimated by
the postofice department that the
revenue derived from mail matter OF
the first class is approximately one
and one-half times the cost Of ham
ding and carriage; that the returns
from third and fourth class matter are
slightly in excess Of their cost OF
handling and carriage: and that while
second class matter embraces over 65
per cent. OF the entire weight Of all
the mail carried, it, nevertheless,
yields little more than S per cent. of
the postal revenues"
Tho commission on second-class
~>~~~~~~~~~~
Names From Dieksns' Characters.
Although Dickens is commemorated
In street names abroad there Is no
street named after him in London.
But there is near approach to It