The Hawaiian gazette., 1912-02-09
BINGHAM FINDS
PREHISTORIC MAN
Yale Professor UneartEls Scien-
tific Trophy in PerLIEDates
from Glacial Times.

PROVIDENCE, Rhode Island, Janu-
airy 2O.--President Taft, today attended
the stated meeting of the Yale corpora
tion, of which he is a member, and
among other matters listened to TIE
reading of report of the Yale oxpeii.
ton to Peru, headed by Prof. Hiram
Bingham, in which were made knowH
for the first time some remarkable
scientific discoveries. Chief among the
results was the finding of bones OF the
prehistoric man, of the age before the
glacial period, for the first timo in the
record of explorations. An estimate Of
the age of the bones is not less than
10000 years. Another discovery was
that of the bones of the American bison
which scientists never before had
known 60 exist in South America. The
limits of the past glaciation and the
present level of perpetual snow in the
Andes was determined. Clear geolocic
evidence of past climatic changes wers
NVuHN' NSBNSaoiig III uOOB VI tut
{ ordilera and in the deserts of the
coast regions. Devonian, carboniferous
cretaceous and tertiary fossils were col
lected. Evidence was found tending to
show that the great coast terraces have
had, not single geologic history as
had been supposed, but complex his
tory including submergence IN the
Tertiary period and stripping which
is still in progress.
Lost Cities Found
Several archaeological discoveries
made by Professor Bingham included
ruins of several Inca, or Pre-Tnca cities,
and traces of highly civilized people,
earlier than the Incas. Other achieve
ments of the exploring party were
Theses Sixteen topographic maps of the
region traversed made by Kai Hendrix
sen who also made observations for
latitude and longitude, particularly in
the valley of the newly discovered PAM
paconas river which is eighty miles
long A survey was made of Lake
Parinacochas, 1900 feet above the sea,
which is seventeen miles long and six
miles wide and it's greatest depth less
than six feet. Ruins of primitive CIV
ilization were found on its banks.
Mount Coropuna was climbed by Pro-
fessor Bingham and H L. Tucker and
later triangulated by Mr.. Hendriksen
and found to be 22,799 feet and not
81 ,703 as on recent maps. A geological
map was made by Professor Bowman
across the <Cordillera from a junction
of the Urubamba and Timpia rivers
southwark along the seventy-th
meridian to Camana on the coast, do
termining number Of important geolo-
gical questions. Approximately 5000
specimens of insects and woodworking
plants besides several hundred land
shells were collected by Professor
Foote at attitudes varying from 500 to
10000 feet in the valley Of Urnhamba.
The report read by President Hadley
to the corporation ON the two most i'm
portant discoveries, those of tho find
ing of human bones, and new ruins OF
1ncan cities, follows:
"Macchu Pichu, a city probably
built by the 'Megalithic race who pre-
coded the Incas. The RUNS are ON an
almost inaccessible ridge 1000 feet
above the Urubamba river. They are
of great beauty and magniicence and
include palaces, baths, temples and $50
houses. Carefully cut blocks of white
granite, some of them 10 feet long,
were used in construction of the walls.
"The temple Of Yuracrumiu, the CEN
ter of the Inca religious cult after the
fall of Cuzco, containing carved
monolith 1876 feet in circumference.
"Yitcos, the pulace and capital of Man
co Capac, the last. Inca, probably built
after his retreat before Pizarro's con-,
quering army.
Buried in Jungle.
"Vilcapampa, pdrely Inca town
now completely buried in the dense
jungle of the Rio Pampaeonas but cos-
tanning Characteristic Inca pottery, and
bronze implements.
"a number of other primitive towns
in the coastal desert provinces, two of
which were marked by volcanic bould-
ers covered with Photograph including
drawings of iaguars, llamas and dane
ing men.
Human bones were found by Pro.
fessor bingham, near Cuzco, embedded
under rs feet of gravel, interstratified
with the gravel beds, and with bones
of several lower animals. They were
later excavated by him and Professor
Bowman in the presence of Professor
Foote who photographed the bones in
position. Professor Bowman made a
detailed study of the geology of the
surrounding region and concludes in
his preliminary report that the gravel
beds belong to the Pleistoeene series
and that the bones were deposited dur
ing the period of pronounced alluvia.
ton" Professor Bowman adds that
when the place of the gravel beds in
the Pleistocene series is determined the
of the vertebrate remains may
be more safely Appropriated. He adds