The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1912-08-23
GLACIAL
Period
And How II Affected Portions
Of This State
Described By PrOf. MdrtzOIff
At Institute
Representative Of The Ohio
School Commissioner
To Speak At The Institute
IN Wednesday

The devotional exercises on Wed.
nesday morning at the Knox County
Teachers Institute were in charge of
Supt Pore, of Danville. Mr.. Paul
Fry Of Gambler then played piano
solo and responded to an encore.
Prof. Martzolff gave the opening
address, the subject being what the
Ice Did to Ohio" referring to the
great sheet Of ice that came down
from the northeast and covered the
northern two-thirds of Ohio. From an
outline map lie traced the old drain
age system of the state In pre-glacial
times and showed how the glacier
turned the courses of rivers until the
present drainage system was formed.
The 5l.cier also made the northern
part of Ohio level as Il Is today, made
the soil OF the state fertile and &C.
counts for the many conditions OF soil
as found in different countries.
| Dr. Green's address was "My pook
and l." He said that he would consid.
er two things in this discussion: viz,
(a) the nature Of the book, and (b)
the attitude of the reader. In choos-
ing books for ones library and read.
ing, DR.. Green said that we should
choose those nat are marured. whole.
some, cheerful and varied Az the
loon hcur had now arrived Dr.. Green
left thc remainder of the discussion,
The Attitude of the Reader" for the
afternoon session.
AT noon, Tuesday the enrolllnen'
had reached EGO
| 1t was announced that on Wednes-
day morning representative of the
Ohio School Commissioner will be
present to address the teachers and
in the afternoon of the same day
Mrs. Katherine Gebhardt, represent
ing the w. c. T. u, will deliver a
lecture on Scientific Temperance"
Monday Afternoon
Mon.iay afternoon the Teachers In
stitute was opened by singing, Miss
Stella Fish, leading.
Guiding Principles In Teaching
Literature" was the subject of DR..
Green, talk. He said that he wanted
teachers to teach literature, not about
it, "1his means" he said, getting at
the heart OF the thought of the author
and to get that thought into ones own
heart" He gave the following guild
ing principles to he used in teaching
literature: % Select few authors.
t2). Let them be the best,-"The best"
he said, ''is what betters the brain,
helps the heart, and lifts the life"
3 Drive out the bad by introduc-
ing the good. a. Adapt the study
to the interest and capacity of the
child. 90 Vary the kind. He also
emphasized the Importance of teach.
ing poetry.
After short intermission Prof.
MartzOlff continued his talk OF the
morning on The Impeachment Trial
of Andrew Johnson" When Presi-
dent Lincoln was assassinated and
Johnson became president the recon-
struction of the South was the great
work to be accomplished. Three
plans OF reconstruction were then be-
ing considered. johnson tried to
carry out the one begun by Lincoln,
but not understanding men as Lin
coin did and lacking Lincoln's tact,
he was soon at swords point with
Congress. The Tenure of Office Bill
was passed by Congress by which he
could not remove an officer without
consent of Congress. Then when he
removed the Secretary of War, Ed
win Stanton, he was impeached by
congress for violation of this bill.
Prof Martzollf in very interesting
way described this trial, telling how
all power was taken away from Chief
Justice Chase, who presided, and Civ.
en- to the fiftyfour senators who
heard the trial thus making them
both Judge and jury. Johnson was
acquitted by Just one vote.
The speaker said that the reel
cause of all this trouble leading ZIP
, to the impeachment vac that whom
: President Lincoln died there was no
one big enough to carry out his plans
as he would have done.
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4 Mr.. John XIX cf A. eelaud, Il spend