davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
Courageous. ut Least.

From Columbia Is C.l State.
Courage. at least, has always charac-
tcrized Charles W. Morse, and he has
lately given a CrowninG proof that he is
possessed of that excellent quality. by
returning TO Wall Street ana declaring
he will reha bilitate himself in the field
where he met disaster five years ago. He
has gathered together the odds and ends
of his former holdings and with his son
is promoting a company to operate ex-
tensively in Coastwisc shipping. II has
always been asserted by Morse and his
friends that Morse was merely the scape-
goat chosen for sacrifice when the panic
of 1897 made 1t necessary that some
financler OF prominence should bear VI
cariously the sins of all the plungers re-
sponsible for that disaster. Perhaps
who knows?-the Morses, father and son.
may yet induce the country to assent to
that view. Much depends on whether the
veteran financier has the strength requi-
site for the great task he has set him
self. For nearly five years he has worn
the stripes of a felon. Complete rchabili-
tation could not obliterate the scars of
that experience.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

Prepared by the editors Of the Scientific American
for this paper. Copyright 1872, b. Mum CO..
In the accompanying illustration are
pictured a number of devices invented by
autOmObllists to alter or conceal their car
license numbers at a seconds notice, so
as to avoid apprehension in case of acci-
dent or violation of the speed laws.
One of the commOnest practices. which
does not require any Illustration. is to oil
the number plate so that it will collect
dust N sufficient quantities to obliterate
the figures stamped thereon. The methods
here illustrated, however, call for the use
of simple apparatus. which may be di-
vided into three distinct classes. The
first consists in dropping the number
from its usual support and letting II drag
along the surface OF the road so that the
numbers cannot be read. The second
scheme consists in turning the plate so
as to bring a new number into view or
covering one Of the numerals with new
one so that the value OF the number
will be changed The third system con-
sists in discharSing a cloud or spray
of vapor to conceal the number.
Figure ! illustrates the apparatus en-
plOyed for dropping the number. The
number plate is hung on a pair of hooks
which are held in such position as to re-
tain the plate by means of a cord that
runs TO within easy reach Of the chauf-
feurs seat.
All that the chauffeur needs to do is
to release the cord. when the hooks will
swing downward and tip over. letting
the number fail off. The number plate
is then dragged along the ground by
means Of a wire attached to II until the
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
CAMPAIGN AFOOT TO SECURE OLD
AGE PENSION FUNDS FOR EMPLOYEES

board. II is also stipulated that the
empIoye must have given his entire time
to the service of the company in order
to be eligible for the pension.
M1rc Liberal Terms.
Much more liberal terms are embodied
in the $lO.OO0.O0O provision made by the
American Telephone and Telegraph Com
pany. Male employees who have reached
the age of sixty years and who have
been twenty years or more in the sery-
ice of the corporation, or any OF its sub
sidiary companies may retire on pensions
They may also retire at the option of the
company when they have reached the age
of fifty-five years and have been in the
service of the corporation for twenty
five years. The pension age of female
employees is in each case five years long
er than that OF the males. ANY employe
who has been thirty years in the employ
of the corporation may be pensioned,
regardless of age, on the approvalNof the
president of the corporation. The mini
mum pension will not be less than $2C
per month.
In addition to these provisions the
American Telephone and Telegraph Com
pany supplements its straight old age
pensions with far more liberal sick and
death benefits than those established by
the United States Steel Corporation.
The regulations of the steel trust fund
provide that an employe who has been
in the service of the company for twenty
years may be pensioned at the discre-
ton of the board of trustees after total
incapacitation through no fault of his
own. The American Telephone and Tele-
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
ECONOMIZING ON NUMBER
AND WEIGHT OF KEYS

TreIAred by the editors Of the scientific American
for this paper. Copyright. 1872. By Mum Coz
We have read recently of the enormous
heavy iron keys that are used in con-
nection with ordinary door locks in some
foreign countries.
Have you ever thought of the tons
of metal being carried about New York
city, for instance, in the form Of keys?
We all carry punches of keys and every
key has its shank and handle loop. Why
does not some one invent a more con-
venient device for G. c-rying the keys in
place of the form our fathers and grand
fathers used?
Again, if we have a number OF keys.
why shouldn't we combine them End
have but a single shank with a key
at each end of the shank. thus
avoiding the weight of one shank and
the handle loop for each two keys and
make one bit serve as a handle by which
to turn the other.
Wouldn't the saving in weight in New
York city alone aggregate tons? In the
Yale style OF key a similar form
might be used. thus causing a single
intermediate handle ring to serve for
both key blades. There recently died IN
one OF our American cities a musical &C.
centric who avoided carrying keys by
having all the doors of his home sup
piled with combination locks. 1t would
be almost as convenient to have all locks
respond to one key.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

mated here and We have to do with a
habit or a reflex action.
PhOsPhOrescent BnIt.
1t is stated that the fishermen of Cezim-
bo. Portugal. have a somewhat novel
method of catching fish by the use of a
natural phosphorescent substance. This
is obtained from a fish known as maIaco-
cephalus LAWS, which although rare in
most parts OF the globe. is frequently
found in this locality. Upon pressing the
abdomen OF this fish there eXudes a thick
yellowish fluid which possesses a blush
phosphoresence in the dark, according
to NJ. Osorio. and he considers this to
be due to the presence of a luminous mi
crobe. The fishermen rub this substance
upon a muscular tissue such as q piece
of cuttIefish. and this is used as bait. The
light appears to last for a long time. at
least, for several hours, and has a bright
er glow when dipped in tht sea. Fish are
attracted to the bait by the light and thus
caught
Power from the Tides.
Study has been made of a proposition
for generating power for Schleswig- -Hol-
stein by utilizing the ebb and flow OF
the tide, and work is under construction.
The island of Nordstrand is being con-
nected with the mainland by a high
water reservoir of 1900 acres and a low
water reservoir of l,2SO acres. There will
always be a head OF water in one or
other of the reservoirs. which will be
available for operating turbines connect
ed to continuous current dynamos.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
Science Notes

man southwest Africa. where something
| ike 40 experiments were made with It
in search of water. about 50 per cent of
these being successful 1t has also been
Used with success in Hanover to indicate
the presence or otherwise of veins of salts
Of potash in the soil. The Minister of
Agriculture in France has appointed a
departmental committee to make similar
experiments.
An Improved Cup of Coffee.
A recent German patent has for its
object the preparation of a coffee bever-
age which is perfectly clear and en-
tirely free from any foreign tinge in
its tatse. The coffee is first boiled up in
the usual way with water. The sedi-
ment is then allowed to settle on a fine
meshed seive for about six minutes,
whereupon the infusion is filtered
through this same sediment The fine
particles always present in the infusion OF
coffee are deposited in form of a Shiny
film on the surface of the sediment.
Claim is also made of a larger yield of
the extract by this method than is usual
ly obtained by any other methods of pre-
pairing this beverage. This method (or
at least a very similar One) is used in
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

system by the obvious benefits that have
accrued to the United States Steel Cor
poration through its establishment in the
way of good will and appreciative effort
on the part of its employees.
Fund Established in 1910.
The steel fund for old age pensions was
established in 1910 through the joint ac-
tion of Andrew Carnegie and the United
States Steel Corporation. The amount
OF money set aside by the steel trust
was $4,000 while Mr.. Carnegie added
81 .OO0, 90, making a total pension fund OF
81. 100000.
This fund provided three classes Of
pensions. First: Pensions by compulsory
retirement granted to employees who have
been twenty years or longer in the serv-
ice and who have reached the age OF
seventy years for men and sixty years
for women.
Second: Pensions by retirement at re-
quest, granted TO employees who have
been twenty years or longer in the service
and have reached the age OF sixty years
for men, and fifty years for women.
Third: Pensions for permanent inca
pacity. granted to employees who have
been twenty years or longer in the serv-
ice and have become permanently inca
pacitated totally through no fault of
their own.
The amount of the allowances made
to retired. and disabled employees under
the rules Of this fund cannot be less than
S12 per month, nor more than 500 per
month. The terms upon which the PEN
sions shall be issued are at all times
subject to the action of the governing
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
Chemical CaterpIIInrs.

CPrrrsrcd by the editors of the Scientific American
for this paper. Copyright, 1872, b. Mum d CO..
The work of former investigators, Itch
omorrOw. Toyama, and Kellogg, had
been substantiated by Mr.. Ripley, of the
department of biology, Trinity College.
Hartford, Conn. Mr.. Ripley has produced
caterpillar from unfertilized eggs by the
action of sulphuric acid. and has there
fore carried one step farther the investi-
CATION of his predecessors in the produc
ton of larva.
The Worlds SPirdIes.
Tie total number of cotton spindles in
the world at the end of 1911 was estimated
at l%7. .27S, T52, compared with 133. .3S4, ,794 for
the emo of 1910. The number of spindIes
for England at the end of 1911 was 54-
522,55i; for the United States. .. 81, 600;
for Germany. 10 $500: for Russia, s.
e1,6G4: for France, 200. 900: for India,
G,25O.0oO; for Austria, 1855, AS; for Italv,
4JS2-O65, and for Jaran, 2,13l.494.
The Divining Rod as IA DcIecter of
Hidden Wntcr.
The phenomena supposed to be exhibit
ed by the divining rod CWunschelrute)
has now been seriously tested in Ger
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

graph Company pension regulations pro-
vide insurance benefits UP to 5000 in
cases where the emplOye has met death
in the performance of duties. and up to
1900 II he has met death through acci-
dent or sickness outside the service. Both
OF these regulations are subject to State
regulation.
Accident Clause.
In the case OF accidents occurring in
and due to the performance of duty the
American Telephone and Telegraph COM
pany employe will receive for total dis
ability full pay for thirteen weeks and
half paw for the remainder OF disability,
up to six years. or until able to earn
n livelihood.
Employees who are disabled by sickness
or ACCIDENT outside of the regular course
of duty after ten years or more in serv-
Ice will receive full pay for thirteen
weeks and half pay for thirty-nine weeks;
II from five to ten years in service full
pay for thirteen weeks and half pay for
thirteen weeks; If from two to five years
in service, full pay for four weeks and
half pay for nine weeks.
These funds have been called the
commercialism Of Socialism" both by
their defenders and their detractors. On
the one hand they are held TO reward
the honest laboring man with remunera-
tive compensation after years of faith
full service, and to incidentally give him
some sort of interest in the corporation
he Is working for. In fact. II is toward
the establishment Of a better under
standing and consequently better work.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

Turkey and Roumsnia for preparing
Mocha coffee.
Gold Medal for LeadIess COlOrs.
In connection with the campaign against
lead poisoning on the European cOnti-
nent, the committee of the Industrial
Association for Lower Austria has Of
fered a gold medal for the best method of
preparing leadless printing and litho-
graphic colors. to represent perect sub
stitute for colors containing lead-as those
in use at present-such as lead white,
chrome yellow, &C. The substitute must
give the same as regards spreading power
and appearance, without endangering the
printers health.
Do Fishes Remember:
Continuing his experiments as to wheth-
er fish possess memory or association of
ideas, N. Oxner obtains some further re-
suits. He already found that by plac-
ing a red cylinder containing food and
also an empty green cylinder in the
aquarium with a single fish, the latter
soon learned to enter the red cylinder
each time II was immersed and avoided
the other one. In his later researches he
finds that the fish goes into the red YES
sci and waits until some crumbs are
dropped into it, which he then eats. \
more striking point is that at other times
the fish enters the baited red vessel even
though he does not appear to desire food.
seeing that he does not eat at such times.
The factor of hunger was therefore. elm
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
Andrew Carnegie, Steel
Corporation, and Ameri-
can Telephone and TeIe-
graph Company Pave
the Way.

New York. Dec. 21.-The establishment
of an old age pension fund jointly by
Andrew Carnegie and the United States
Steel Corporation in 1910, and the recent
announcement of the American Telephone
and Telegraph Company that a similar
and more liberal provision for employees
would be put into effect by that business
organization on January l. 1913, has crys-
taliZed in a general campaign to include
these benefits in the business organiZa-
tions of other large corporations having
their headquarters in this city.
No well defined step has been taken
by these corporations as yet. but it is
known that the matter has been funder
advisement by the heads of several of
the foremost organizations in the local
business world and it is expected that
the termination of the present month
VIII see definite announcement as to
the fate of the project
These large organizations have been
actuated to consideration of the pension
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

Prepared BY the editors Of the Scientific American
for this paper. Copyright. 1872, by Mum & CO..
The system OF coast defense fortifca-
tions which protects the maritime cities,
harbors, and important waterways of the
United States proper is probably the
most extensive and complete in exist
ence.
1T was planned in 1886 by a special
army board, known as the Endicott
board, and after two decades of con-
tinuous construction. it may now be
considered as ractically complete.
The total cost of the work to date
is $14o.O0o.0OO. 1t includes at present
3SS 12-inch mortars, 113 12-inCh guns.
1856 10-inch, a S-inch, and 53l guns Of
smaller calibers than S-inch. Also,
there are yet to be mounted in the va
rious batteries two 16-inch guns, 164
12-inch mortars, 81 14-inch. As 12-inch.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

prepared hy the editors Of the Scientific American
for this paper. Copyright. 1872, by Mum Coz
A Chicago real estate dealer recently
bought a two-story colonial house on
East End Avenue, Chicago.
In that location the investment did
not appear to be gilt-cdged, but the
dealer knew that the same house. To-
Gated in another section of the city,
would nnd a ready sale at a greatly
appreciated price.
To move it in the ordinary way on
land to that other district would have
entailed expense SO great as TO wipe out
the profit he hoped to make. So he
decided to move the house BY water.
Set upon the ordinary skids, the house
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

and 9S guns OF caliber less than S-inch.
4 single one OF the 12-inch guns cost
$4S.GOO. and hence the ll3 guns of this
caliber alone represent an expenditure
of some s5,537 900.
Assuming a night attack, thus al
though the searchlights have found the
ship. the distance is not known. This
is determined by triangulation. II we
know any two angles Of a triangle and
the length of the side between them.
we can determine the length of the
other side lin this case the distance to
the ship)
In our coast defense two systems of
triangulation are used. the horizontal
and the vertical. In the first, lonG
base line. ono mile or more in length
If desired. is measured. and at each
end an instrument with transit fea-
lures Is placed in a sheltered position.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

The observers at each station stimuli
taneously train their instruments on
the ship. and the angles subtended be-
tween the ship and the base line are
telephoned to the plotting room, which
Is located in some sheltered position
beyond the reach OF the enemy's shells.
In the plotting room is a large
draughting board, one edge of which
is semi-circulsr and graduated in de-
grees and hundredths of a degree. Upon
the board are pivOted two straight
edges. which are set at the observed
angles sent in by telephone from the
observing stations at each end of the
base line.
The point of intersection of these
straight edges gives the exact position
of the ship, the distance of which from
the battery Is read of by a scale in
wards
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

, was hauled to the shore OF Lake Michi-
gan. In order TO get the house upon the
barges and scows on which it was to
be towed along the lake shore 1t was
necessary to build a pontoon, and this
operation had to be repeated when the
house hove-to of the site of its new
location.
Two large scows were lashed together
and moored close inshore. Anchored
fore and aft and snubbed up on the
shore. the scows were held firmly in
place, and then guyed by heavy hawsers,
the house was skidded upon the scows,
tug htched a hawser to the scows
and one hour later the house was snub-
bed up against the shore twenty-four
blocks south of the starting point.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

ing bass between employer and employe.
all of which looks toward tha elimina-
ton of labor troubles, that the funds
were inaugurated.
On the other hand those who are ad-
verse to this pension plan hold that its
chief demcrit is its limitation and the
fact that 1t tends to create a limited
sphere of effort for the employe by rea-
son of service stipulations.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22

To prevent eating too rapidly, an Ore
Son man has patented a feed bag that
permits only a small amount of grain to
reach an animals mouth at a time.
Thirty thousand books and pamphlets,
two-thirds Of which relate to electricity,
have been recently added to the library
Of the Massachusetts School of Tech
nology.
The Washington herald., 1912-12-22
New Name of a German City.

Existing maps OF Germany stand in
need Of several corrections on account
Of recent changes in the names OF Ger
man towns. The latest of these changes
substitutes ''Neukolln" for ''Rixdorf' as
the name OF one Of the largest suburbs
Of Berlin Population 2S6, 900.
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1912-09-28
FARM NOTES.
condition

Try a few purple cabbage for pick
ling,
Cucumber vines require plenty OF
water
A tool house is necessity for every
farm.
Has the asparagus bed been worth
while this year?
Cowpeas for seed may be planted as
late as July IS.
A wheel hoe will help to take away
the drudgery OF gardening.
Good seeds are of vital importance
to the gardener d o you keep them
E.arly-sown spinach, radishes and
lettuce should be ready to use this
month,
Put to soak some tobacco leaves for
the plant lice. 1t will discourage them
very much.
VIII you start in the summer with
out first having made the cellar clean
and SWEET
Put only first-class clean vegetables
on the market. They are the only
kind that pay
Weeds are a lot easier to get rid I
when they are small than when .hey
begin To crowd the plants.
II is difficult to see how a man WHO
does not keep his road dragged can
pose as public spirited citizen.
In winter and spring, and sometimes
in SUMNER and fall rhubarb pays us
as we'll as any other garden crop.
Busy IS the plum curculio these
DAYS. Saw him off the tree to fall on
a sheet then the fire for him.
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1912-09-28
GENERAL FARM NOTES.

Place the roosts for poultry on a
level
Always approach strange horse
a; the shoulder.
A good gardener will not be content
with raising one crop year
Wheat and wheat screenings have
both been used to fatten lambs.
Corn easily leads the list as the best
single grain for fattening lambs.
Pinch off the end of squash and
melon vine, so the fruit will get more
nourishment.
Where the dropping boards are
made of matched lumber the job OF
cleaning them is easier,
One pound of cotton seed meal my
be fed daily to horse, but IT should
be mixed with other food.
Wild strawberries have the most de
lcious flavor They are easily trans
planted to the garden.
This is a good time to put square
of tar paper in the bottom OF each nest
box for the benefit of the lice.
If your horse is troubled with indi-
digestion have the animal clipped and
its teeth attended to by veterinarian
Thin the vegetables just as soon as
they come up Why give room 10
plants not needed any more than the
weeds
Keep the poultry buildings and
yards properly dsinfectcd One PINT
of carbolic acid in eight gallons OF
water makes an excellent dis'nteetant
A garden should have perfect dram
age, for there are depressions which
will hold water; the ground occurred
by them will be almost entirely
wasted
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1912-09-28
IRRIGATION FOR LATE CROPS
Water Should be Applied Evenly and
No High Places Missed.

II there is an ample supply of water
1t VIII be best to irrigate some of the
telds that are to grow late crops. No
amount Of rainfall will take the place
OF irrigation, and if you think it does
go out and dig awhile and YOU will
soon be undeceived Apply water
evenly; do not allow it to SOU IN the
hollows and miss the high places. The
alfalfa will perhaps be better to wait
awhile for water i'll cold spring Il
you feel assured of late supply
When irrigating this crop always test
the ground with shovel to see if the
water is penetrating deeply, and do not
be satisfied with the fact that it runs
over the top. Men will often come to
the house and say they cannot tell the
irrigated ground from that which has
merely been raincd on, which shows
they have not used the shovel test. as
no shovel will ever so easily enter
ground merely moistened by rain IS
by irrigation, and the difference at the
lI9I 6Use9 81 IoAoVs 9Vl 10 puo
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1912-09-28
NOTICE OF SHIPMENT
OF LIVE STOCK

Chap. CCVII--An Act providing for the in
specton of horses about to be driven ship
ped out Of the State; creating the Sherffs of
the several counties inspectors or horses, and
prescribing their duties as such; prohibiting
the transportation by railroad companies of
horses without inspection and providing pen
altcs for the violation of the provisions of this
Act.
Yerngton, Lyon County, Nevada, Seutember
10. 1912.
70 the Honorable Board of Couhtv Com
mssioners of Lyon County, Ne lll;
hereby certify, that on this 10th day OF
Septer ber ltl2, inspected the following lie
scrihed stock to be shipped from Fernley,
Lyon county, State of Nevada; notice is hereby
given TIN, |, the undersigned Deputy Sheriff
Of Lyon County, State .pf Nevada did on the
10th day OF September inspect the following
described mules shipped by Southern Pacific
Company and consigned to the Southern Pa
cihc Company to Tulare, California; 20 head
of mules branded tR) on right hip.
Given under my hand this 10th day of Sep
tember, 1912.
ID. p. RANDALL,
Sheriff Lyon County. State of Nevada
By Lon Chappell. Deputy.