The Fairmont West Virginian. (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1904-1914, 1912-06-10
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Tie M o. atmosphere. has three
known pteperites yiscoslty. inertia
and elasticity. vissoaity IS The prop
erty Of the molecules Of air to give
rise to friction when passing BY each
other. 1t resembles very much the Co
tiesion Of solids. Inertia IS o property
possessed by everything having weight.
II is the force which Keeps a moving
body in motion after the primary NOV
ing power has been stopped. until the
inertia is overcome by some outside
force, and II is also tile force which
Keeps body at rest when, Ii Is not in
motion. Air has weight apd conse,
daeHtiy Il possesses this fore, al.
though only in small degree. Elasti.
city L. the property OF air thai al.
lows 1t 10 be compressed 10 thousands
OF pounds pressure 10 the square inch
and even until IT becomes liquid.
but upon release Of the pressure 1t
will expand 10 Its original form.
One great reason for the moRoplaae
being a faster machine than the bl.
plane, is because thare is much less
surface on the tronpplnne to some in
contact with the air and consequently
there Is much less iristlon, vfscosity
also has a great effect upon the pro.
peller and limits the propeller within
certain bounds.
Inertia, possessed by the air, Is the
force which tile aeroplane utilities 10
a great extent in flying. The wings OF
an aeroplane, and In fact all Hitting
surfaces are set at an angle 10 the
longitudinal axis o. the aeroplane. The
reason for this is that the front or
leading edge Of the lifting surface, be-
ing higher San tie back or trailing
edge OF the lifting surface. forces air
downward as the lifting surface moves
forward, and the reaction Of this air
llfis the surface.
The propeller works on the same
principle, The blades are set at an
angle and they, In forcing tie afr back
ward, are reacted upon by the air and
pushed forward.
Control
There are several different control
ling parts OH an aeroplane. There masi
be a part for turning, part for elerat
ing and descending and a way of main
tanning lateral stability, or 10 keel
from turning over sideways.
The part used FOR turning In Hearl,
all aeroplanes Is The rudder. although
this can be dispensed with in som,
cases. The rutddcr needs no explain
ing, as it acts the same upon the al
as rudder on a boat acts upon til,
water.
The apparatus used fer eievatini
and descending is very much like ;
horizontal rudder. In some machinei
1t is placed in the rear and in others /
is. in front OF the machine.
Tie apparatus which controls The
lateral stability is OF two kindis--warT,
ing OF the mainplanes and the use o
ailerons or fansI The former methot
Is used in the Wright machines. ant
WINS patented by ,orvil and his brother
the late Wilbur Wright. This ,meihoi
consists OF fexing the trailing edge d
the mainplanes, The trailing edge:
Of the two mainpianes are connected II
such a way that when the LEFT wing d
warped down. the RICH wing Is warp
ed up and vice versa. Ailerons o
flaps are small auxiliary planes fasten
ed 10 or between the trailing edge
OF the mainplanes They are connect
ed to work in opposite directions Tho
same as the ffexable part>of the main
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