The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1912-03-14

mp TO 20 degrees celsius (GS degrees
Fahrenheit) throughout the winter.
and our excellent ventilation system
gave us all the air we wanted.
In direct communication with the
hut and dug-out on the Barrier were
work shops, packing rooms, cellars
for provisions, coal, wood and oil.
plain bath, steam bath and observ-
atories. Thus We had everything
within doors If the weather should be
too cold and stormy.
The sun left us on the 22nd of April
and did not return until four months
later.
Inc winter was spent in changing
our whole outfit. which on the depot
trips was found to be too clumsy and
solid for the smooth surface of the
Barrier. Besides this, as much scien-
tine work as possible was done. and
some astonishing meteorological OBJ
servations were taken.
Open Water All Winter.
There was very little snow, and
there was open water close by
throughout the winter. For the same
reason higher temperature had been
expected, but 1t remained very low.
In five months there were observed
temperatures between minus so and
60 degrees celsius (5S and 76 degrees
below zero Fahrenheit), the lowest
temperature on the 18th of August
being minus 50 degrees celsius. II
was then cain. On the 1st OF August
the temperature was rlinus 5S de-
grees celsius, and there Were six me-
ters OF wind. The mean temperature
FOR the year was minus 26 degrees
celsius GAS below zero Fahrenheit.)
| had expected hurricane after hur-
ricane. but / observed only two mod
crate storms and many excellent
auroras-australian-in all directions.
The sanitary conditions were OF
the best all the winter and when the
sun returned on the Gath of August
it met the men sound in mind and
body ready to set about the task that
had to be solved.
Already, the day before. we had
brought our sledges to the starting
place for our search toward the south.
Only in the beginning of September
did the temperature rise to such an
extent that there was any question of
setting out then.
The First Start for the Pole.
On the Sth Of September, eight men.
with seven sledges. ninety dogs, and
provisions for four months. started.
The ground was perfect. The temper
ature was not bad. The next day It
appeared that we had started too early.
days fell and kept steadily between
minus so and go CELSIUS (5S degrees
and rs degrees below zero Fahren.
heiD. Personally we did not suffer at
all from the cold. Our good furs pro-
tected us. But with our dogs it was
n different matter. 1t could easily be
seen that they shrunk from day to
day. and We understood pretty soon
that they could not stand the long run
to our depot at so degrees south.
We agreed on returning and to wait
for the arrival OF spring. The pro-
visions were cached and off we went
for the hut. With the exception of the
loss of few dogs and a couple of
frozen heels everything was all right.
Only in the middle Of October spring
came in earnest. Seals and birds an.
peared The temperature was steady
between 20 and 80 celsius (8S de-
grees and sc degrees Fahrenheit.)
The original plan that all of us
should go toward the south had been
changed. Five men had to do this
work, while the other three were to
start for the east and visit King Ed
ward VII. Land.
This last mentioned trip was not
included in our program. but owing to
the fact that the English had not
reached II. at least this summer, as
was their intention. we agreed that