Bisbee daily review., 1912-01-28

] tneu the cdtlltdi or me IulLeN Slatess he became the president not of the United States as the map would show it today. but of a little segment Of this great country. most of which he dld not. dnrins his lifetime. know existed at all. Tue portion Of which he was president is shown in one of a series of outline maps in the front part of volume II. where the evolution of our territorial extent is developed
 The great fundamental ideas which Hamilton, brought 10. bear and which had the sanction of Washington were a firm determination 10 pay in full the foreign debt. to fund the domestic debt at par and Co assume the state debts Then came the establishment of the excise tax. which was bitterly opposed. particularly in the state of Pennsylva- uia. declared to be established on prin- ciples subservient of peace. liberty and the rights of citizens" and amounted to what is known as the whisky insur rection. requiring l5.0O0 militia 10 put down. Then there was the beginning of the tariff question by the establish ment Of a protective tariff; the first government coining mint was estab- lished at Philadelphia; then arose the still mooted questions of strict con struction" or implied powers of the constitution. These were simple days and yet stirring times. The farseelng wisdom which prompted Washington to issue his neutrality proclamation" arising from the war between England and France then going on. is worthy of the study of every school child The recall of the French Minister Genet. the Jay treaty and the various other treaty relations with foreign countries and constant reference to our interna- tional rights and duties make the pc rusal of our own state papers a birds eye study of contemporary important events throughout the world.
 The hardships of pioneering. accom- panied by constant Indian warfare or minor depredations. alluded to here and there give zest and romance to the historical story as told by the early presidents. Vermont, Kentucky and Tennessee were admitted 10 the Union as states during Washingtons terms.
 The opening paragraph of the first inaugural address of John Adams sounded a warning that has come laundering down the century to the present day.
 It is interesting to note from the SC ries of maps heretofore referred to how small this extensive country" was in the time of Adams.
 The important proclamation deliver ed July 22. 1797. by President Adams relating to foreign and domestic coin age is reproduced in facsimile.
 One of the most notable official acts of John Adams was the appointment of John Marshall as chief justice of the United States MarshalVs deci- sions fixed an elastic interpretation of the constitution which made possible the expansion of territory and q lib- erality in police regulation needed for the law and order of such govern ment. It was during Adams admins tratlon and while the French revolu- tion was going on that commissioners sent to Paris by America were reject ed except they. the French representa- tives. be bribed. which gave rise to Pinckney's famous saying, Millions for defense, but not one cent for trib ute"
 The alien and sedition laws were passed. and a treaty with Napoleon was made. It will thus be seen how the history of the United States con tained in the official papers of Adams reflects the side lights of foreign his tory as well. During Adams' admins tration the seat of government was formally transferred to the new built city of Washington.
 Adams as a Federallst followed the so called Tory" principles of Wash ington. President Adams was justly proud of his peace negotiations with France. He is recorded as saying. '1 desire no other inscription over my gravestone than this: Here lies John Adams. who took upon himself the re sponsibllity of peace with France in 1sOO.'"
 AS a sort of frontispiece. in addition to the portrait of Jefferson and re- production of Monticello. Virginia. his home, there Is a four page facsimile reproduction of parts of Jefferson's original draft of the Declaration of In dependence.
 Jefferson had to deal with the con tinued plague of piracy. upon which his discourses are interesting and in structive. In his first inaugural ad- dress he reviews the question of natu- ralization and makes recommendations.
 The Louisiana territory was pur- chased from Napoleon for the sum of SI5.OOO. 900. an event which had much