Milford chronicle., 1912-02-16
NATIONAL CONGRESS
OF MOTHERS.
Good Roads Department for Child
Welfare.

erS' Association, earnestly invite you
cooperation in arOusing the boys anC
girls of Delaware to a sense of respon-
sibility in acquiring the knowledge OF
Road Building by the organizing of Road
Cadets, for the girls the Pick and Shovel
Culture Club, teaching them something
of Domestic Science.
GOOD EXAMPLE.
Missouri is in earnest, and sets a good
example, in adopting as a part of its
Agricultural Course of Study a pre-
scribed course for instruction in the
elementary principles and practices fol-
lowed and terms used by those who
make a study of road building.
The following is a copy of the revised
Course of Study to be embodied in the
new Estate Course of Study"
! ''RavenePs Road Primer for School
Children" by Samuel w. Ravenel, C.
E. Boonville, Mo-, now being published
by A. c. Mcclure & Co., of Chicago,
| ILL.,, covers fully all the special features
referred to in this course, and is so il
lustrated with road pictures and draw
ings, tables and charts, and is cOuched
in such simple language and terms as
to make it easily comprehended by any
intelligent schoOlboy or girl in our pub
lie schools. Your special attention is
called to the other strong endorsements
of this Primer as a school textbook on
the value of good roads and their proper
construction and maintenance.
FOURTH QUARTER ROADS.
Pupils in our public schools must be
instructed in the elementary principles
and practices of road making. the ben
eticial effects of good roads to a com
munity, and such other information on
the subject of road construction and
maintenance as will better fit them as
men to help solve the perplexing road |
problem, not attracting the attention of |
our national, state and civic govern |
ments, using such textbooks as may be |
found in the Library or Supplementary |
List of Authorized Textbooks.
What is a Road The origin and ex-
tension of roads-explain the Trail
or ''FOOt-pathY of the pioneers and how
they were evolved, by demand of traffic,
into the wagon earth-road, the cordu-
roy road, the plank road, charcoal road,
gravel road, rock road, and on to the
brick and concrete roads of to-day.
What are State roads, county roads, -
roads
Value of Good Roads. What perma-
nently improved roads, of whatever
class, mean to a state, a county, rural
community ? The spiritual, moral, social,
commercial and educational benefits of
good roads to the country neighborhood
and incidentally to the city. How it af-
fects the rural mail delivery. How the ,
purpose of good roads construction is to
cave the imprint upon the child-mind,
he man, contractor and road builder ;
# tomorrow that good roads are an
absolute necessity and must be built, as ]
/ church or school house must be pro- j
'ided for the public good.
What makes a Good Road ?-The
proper location explain location; why r
! map of road is made and recorded;
he necessity of profile and how pro- {
lie IS made, its necessity in intelli- z
'ently estimating costs. Explain the
'rade percentage and how they are de- '
ermined, and show by tables and charts /
he great loss in hauling over steep
,rades, and why and how steep grades n
hOuld be reduced.
Drainage. The vital Importance of h
rainage to any road, earth, wooden or f
letal surface. What drainage means "
he proper methods of diverting or carry \,
east damage to a roadway. Explain Fl
lb-drainage and what causes necessi- "
ate sub-drainage in certain places and ri
nder certain conditions. Waterways
r outlets-how to estimate required &.
zes of culverts or bridge openings to f,
AIRY off natural water courses or rain
ais, etc. Drain bitches, side bitches.
erm bitches. The Importance of drain
&c to properly crowned" road beds.
CrOss-SectiOn. - Explain the cross
'ction of a roadway. Its relation to
le profile of the length of the road. II
Xplain the various terms used in re-
rrlng to the crOss-section of a road ol
ay, such as crow, BERN, side bitches, pl
erm bitches. How the widths of road
EDS are determined, etc. and why some tn
ates have laws governing the widths la
rOad-beds for permanent improved
ads. vi
Road Construction and Maintenance.
Explain methods of bidding on and sp
tting road work by contract, etc. Why
bidder needs the map and profile of a WI
ad before bidding on same. How the
helps bidder. How Lett ba
the whOlecr lump, " or by the cubic us
rd. Specifications-map, profile and ma
oss-sectiOn made a part thereof by
ference thereto. Explain cubic yard j..
d how to calculate it. Contract and
nd. Why the contractor should be Jr
miliar with the terms and methods
ed for calculating earth, rock for other WI
I'D work. Study the method of stalk
: out road work; how lengths of roads ia
2 measured by stations" Z" and why.
ls-Stations, and why The marking trt
centre and side stakes, Draw dia- Mi
ans of regular and irregular cuts
''fills. Explain why and when de-
rade pegs" are driven. Explain var Tn
IS methods of road construction and
ldy the secret of the successful con- ing
ctOr, and what causes failures. " AL
cessity of rolling roadway, etc.
What is the meaning of road mainte-
ice. The Importance of prompt re-
rs, and why. What is meant by me-
Inical structures and the maintenance -.
same. The Importance of opening ~
in bitches and other waterways.
d holes and how treated. Necessity q
keeping the crowned road-bed in we
pc Explain the terms "tight-roof' mn
dry cellar" in road talk. The SUBJ cjr
de and its Importance. The "split- a.
. drag and its early origin and use - ~
Il l. = q