New-York tribune., 1912-02-22

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,auv to eliminate this element of monopoly,
sboiiId be carefully supervised, regulaleu'
and controlled by governmentdi author d,
and such control should be eXerGiseI ~
administrative. rather than by ludlciaI o. oi.
0cprs No effort should De made 10 uestlpy
a hig corporation merely because IL Is Dls'
merely because II has shown Itself pGcu.
liarly efficient business instrument @ but
we should not fear II necessary, 10 o'ihs
the regulation /of big corporations 10 unc
noint OF controlling conditions so that lle
wage worker shall have wage more i thdh
sufficient TO cover the bare cost OF hNIis'
and hours of labor not so eAcesslEe ,,,Srd, 90 ~
ing toll and leave him unfit TO DO ms GulN
as a good citizen I'm the community. Where
regulation by competition twhlch is OF
course, preferable) proves lnsGtcier, T.
rnentsl regulation to the point of control OF
monopoly prices II il should ever become
necessary TO do so, just as IN eNceplIoh"'
cases railways rates are now reguia'e"'
Must Not Hampor Private Initiative
The important thing is this That, under
Fuch government recognition as We may
give 10 that which is benehcent ana wHole-
some in large business organizations, we
shall be most vigilant never TO allow them
10 crystallize into condition which shall
make private Initiative diihcuit. III Is OF
the utmost importance that N tne tulu!e e
we shall keep the broad path Of opportunity
inst as open and easy for our children as
il was for our fathers during the period
which has been the glory OF Americas IN
Custrial history-that II shall be not oniy
possjhle but easy for an ambitious man,
whose character has so impressed itsriI
upon his neighhors that they are willing TO
give him capital and credit, TO start III
business for himself, and, II his superior
efficiency deserves II, 20 triumph over the
biggest organization that may happen 10
exist in his particular field. Whatever prac-
tees upon the part OF large combinations
may threaten TO discourage such man,
or deny to him that which In the judgment
of the community IS a square deal should
be specifically defined by the statutes as
crimes. And in every case the Individual
corporation officer responsible for such un-
fair dealing should be punished.
We grudge no man fortune which rep
resents his own power and sagacity cNcr-
cised with entire regard 10 the welfare OF
his fellows We have only praise for the
business man whose business success comes
as an incident to doing good work for his
fellows Il II we sholld 40 shape conditions
that "A fortune shall be obtained only In
honorable fashion, in such fashion that its
gaining represents benefit To th" comnu-
nifty.
pose must be to secure genuine equality Of
opportunity No man should receive
dollar unless that dollar has been fairly
earned Every dollar received should rep
resent a dollars worth Of service rem
dtred No watering OF stocks should he
permitted. and II can be prevented only
by close governmental supervision Of all
stock issues. 80 as 10 prevent over capital
iZation.
Stand for Rights Of Property and Man.
We stand for the rights OF property, but
we stand even more for the rights OF
man. We will protect the rights of the
wealthy man. but we maintain that he
holds his wealth subject TO the general
right of the community TO regulate its
business use as the public welfare requires;
We also maintain that the nation and
the several states have the right TO regu-
late the terms and conditions of labor,
which is the chief element OF wealth, di-
rectly In the interest of the common good;
II Is our prime duty to shape the Industrial
and social forces so that they may tell
for the material and moral upbuilding OF
the farmer and the wage worker, Just as
they should do In the case Of the business
man You, trainers of the Consutuuon,
be careful so 10 frame II that under II the
people shall leave Themselves free to do
whatever is necessary In order to help
the farmers of the state to get for them
selves and their wives and children not
only the benefits Of better farming, but
also those of better business methods ana
better conditions of life on the farm.
Moreover, shape your Constitutional ac-
tion so that the people will be able, through
their legislative bodies, or. railing mat
by direct popular vote. TO provide work
mems compensation acts, to regulate tho
hours of labor for children and for women,
10 provide for their safety while at work
and TO prevent overwork or WCrk under
unhygienic or unsafe conditions. See To "
that no restrictions are placed upon leSls-
latiye powers that Will prevent the enact
ment OF laws under which your people can
promote the general welfare, the common
good. Thus only will the general well
fare clause of our Constitution become
vital force for progress, instead OF re-
naming a mere phrase. This also applies
10 the police powers OF the governmohti syeIy noni
of this kind IT is your intention that the
people shall decide for themselves how
far the laws 10 achieve their purposes shall
go and that their decision shall be bind
ing upon every citizen In the state, official
or non-official, unless. OF course, the Su-
preme Court OF the nation In any given
case DECIDES otherwise.
Machinery Of Government.
so much for the ends OF government; and
/ have, of course, merely sketched In out
lice what the ends should be-. Now, for
the maehinery oX wnieh S these ns,ber enos are 10
only sketch In outline and do not for
moment pretend TO work out in detail the
methods OF achieving your purposes. Let
me at the outset urge upon you TO remem-
Der that, while machinery is important,
IL is easy TO overestimate its Importance; ;
and, moreover, that each community has
the absolute right To determine Tor itself
what that machinery shall be, subject only
to the fundamental law OF the nation as
expressed I'm the Constitution OF the United
States. Massachusetts has the right 10
have appointive judges who serve during
good behavior, subject TO removal, not by
Impeachment, but by simple majority vote
of the two houses OF the Legislature when
ever the representatives of the people feel
that the needs OF the people require such
removal. New York mas the right TO have
long term elective judiciary Ohio has
the right 10 have a short term elective
judiciary without the recall. California.
Oregon and Arizona have each and every
one OF them the right 10 have a short term
ally. of the four systems prefer the Mas
sachusetts one, II addition be made TO IL as
hereinafter Indicate; but that Is merely
my preference. and neither | nor any one
else within without public life has the
right TO impose his preference upon any
community when the question Is as 10 how
that community chooses TO arrange for its
executive, legislative or judicial functions.
But as you nave invited me TO address you
kind Of government machinery which at
this time and under existing social and in
dustrial conditions IL seems TO me that, as
a people we need.
Believes in Short Ballot.
In the first place. believe in the short
ballot You cannot get good service from
the public servant II you cannot see him,
and there is no more effective way Of hid
Ing him than by mixing him up with null
titude OF others 80 that they arc none OF
them important enough to catch the eve