davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS
Reported by Inland Merchants AS
sociation, Moscow, Idaho.
July 6, 1912.
Deeds.

Otto b. Peterson, Palouse to Frank
H. Peterson, 81, e1s, lot 4, e1RswA
nwA 2-41-3w, con. 81 acres, subject
to timber.
Jarvis NJ Kline ct ux Flora B. to T.
R. Roberts, $500, neH nwA, 17-38-1e,
con. 40 acres.
R. F. Heitman ct ux Sallie, Moscow
to VIM. S. Hunt and Elizabeth Hunt,
81, lot 18, blk. 2, Frye's I'd ad. to Mos
COW, subject to two r-m.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
ROCKEFELLER IS IS
YEARS; HE CELEBRATES

at $780, ate dish of Strawberries and
cream, some buttered toast and drank
a glass of milk. Then he rode on his
cycle to the golf course. No guests
were invited for the birthday celebra-
tion.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Davis Free; Weds Quick.

GREENWICH, Conn, July 8-Rich-
ard Harding Davis, author and war
correspondent, whose wife recently di-i
vorsed him at Chicago on grounds of
desertion, was married this afternoon
to Elizabeth Genevieve McAvoy, better
known as Bessie Mccoy" the dancer.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

The police and doctors working on
the case say the crime is the most
brutal in the city's history.
The child died an hour after being
found.
Giovanni Gerassi, age "a, and JEFF
ferson Kelly, were arrested Kelly
had bloodstains on his clothing, but
insisted they came from injuries re-
ceived in recent accident.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
IS RESPONSIBLE
FOR NEBRASKA'S WRECK

NEWPORT, R.. T., July 8.-The re-
sponsibility for the ramming of the
battleship New Hampshire by the big
passenger ship Commonwealth will not
be determined until the board OF
steamship inspectors completes its
investigation.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Ligonier is City of Death.

LIGONIER, Pa, July 8. - Every
store, mill, shop, mine, and hotel re-
mained closed from 10 a. m. to p. m.
today while the town paid the last
tribute to some of the victims of Fri
days wreck.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
CALL TO NAME TEDDY
As THIRD PARTY HEAD

there now is strong fight on IN the
primaries, with the sympathy running
in favor of the progressive movement.
Delaware, North Carolina, Arkansas
and Nevada probably will take part
in the convention. Mississippi and
South Carolina possibly may be un-
represented.
"In all probability the convention
will adopt the name National Pro-
gressive," for the new party, but
cannot say definitely what will be
done. Thus far no issues have been
authoritatively stated and, of courses,
the platform itself will have to be de-
cided upon by the delegates"
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Gun Kills Four.

BERLIN, July 8.-During the artil-
lery practice at Cerkeny this evening
a gun exploded, killing four of the
gun crew and fatally injuring four
others. The cause of the explosion
has not been determined.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
No Chairman Yet.

WASHINGTON, July S.-President
Taft and a committee of the re-
publican, national committee today
struggled with the problem of naming
Taft's campaign manager. There is
no election yet.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
STEAMER PANAMA IS
IN TROUBLE But SAFE

Rose City dispatched from San Peoro
to aid the Panama, met her on Point
Sur today. Her captain in message
today said that the breaking OF cen
terbeam was responsible for her troup-
le
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

CLEVELAND, July 8.-John d
Rockefeller celebrated his 73d birth.
day anniversary today.
Rockefeller's health is better than
for years back. He is richer and rose
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
HECK EDMUNDSON DIDN'T
PLACE in FINAL RUNS

STOCKHOLM, July S.-The Ameri-
cans won the 800-meter race, finishing
1, 2, 8. Meredith of Mercersburg
Academy, first; Sheppard of the Irish
American A. c. of New York, second,
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

SANTA BARBARA, Cal, July S.-A
wireless message from Point Sur today
stated that the Pacific Mail Steam
ship company's steamer Panama, re-
ported HELPLESS at sea, is proceeding
under her own steam. The steamer
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

Time: l minute, SIG seconds.
The United States took the second
and third in the standing jump. Platt
Adams of New York A. c., second, and
his brother, B. w. Adams, third.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

LOS ANGELES, July 8.-That Bert
H. Franklin, agent for the Mcnamara
defense prior to the trial OF the dyna-
miters gave him $4O0, although it was
understood that his vote on the Nc
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Elks in Portland.

PORTLAND, July S.-The Elk's con-
vention opened today. Thousands are
here and more are coming. Grand
lodge will be formally opened tonight.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
RRIBED FOR VOTE THAT
COULDN'T BE BOUGHT

Namara verdict could not be purchas-
ed, was the testimony of Robert BAN
in the trial of Clarence barrow lo'
jury-bribery today. Balm was Juror
in the Mcnamara trial.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
SEEK AID IN IRELAND
AGAINST ORANGEMEN

BELFAST, July 8.-The Catholic
Lord Bishop of Belfast, today tele-
graphed the Lord Lieutenant of Ire
land, demanding military protection of
all Catholic institutions in Ulster dur
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

Mrs. May Williamson has returned
from business trip to Spokane and
New Port, Wn.
J. D. Atkinson and wife of Clifford
are visiting their daughter, Mrs. C. A.
Tenwick.
P. S. Alberts and daughter, whose
home is in Leroy, Kansas, is visiting
Mr. Alberts' parents, T. w. Johnson and
wife. They will be here two months.
Homer David's new bungalow on B
street is fast taking shape, the frame
now being up. When completed this
will be one of the very comfortable
modern homes of Moscow.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Mitchell in Seattle.

SEATTLE, July 8.-John Mitchell,
national labor leader and former pres
ident of the United Mine Workers of
America, arrived here this afternoon.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08
Black Hand Guilty.

ROME, July S.-A telephone message
from Viterbo, says that all the de-
PENDANTS in the Camorra trial were
found guilty of murder.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

Topponish, Wn., nursery, committed
suicide this afternoon by shooting him
self in a rooming house. Apparently
there was no reason for the deed.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

ing the. coming week.
The anniversary of the battle of the
Boyne will be celebrated with more
than usual vigor Friday by the Orange
men.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1912-07-08

The new high school is beginning to
loom up in fine style. The masons are
starting on the first story, and the
contractor is apparently doing a most
excellent job.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
SAY PROSECUTION
IS AFTER G0MPERS
DEFENSE. IN BARROW CASE con-
TENDS THAT BURNS Is TRY
ING TO GET HIM.

Los ANGELES, CAL, June g.
Whether or not Samuel Gompers has
been made the subject OF prnsecu
ton by Federal authorities in the ey-
Mantle investigation. though. OF
course. without charges having been
made against the labor leaders, be-
came a subject of discussion in the
barrow trial today
Isn't Ii n fact" asked Earl Rogers.
counsel for barrow, of Bert Frank
lin that you were told TO say that
barrow said TO you that he had
gotten the money used iii the Lock
wood bribery direct from Gompers
because such escapement here in
court would hurt Gompers
In the argument that followed
Rogers said;
at is matter of common knowledge
that the United States in this dis
trict, through Oscar LAWYER, and in
other districts. has made very
strenuous effort to connect Mr..
Gompers and to bring his name in,
peradventure II might be; and it Is
a matter of common knowledge right
from the evidence In this case that
the Federal grand jury at In
dianapolis sent for this check book
and came into this court from In
tftanapofis. where they are investigat-
ing these other charges. 1t is our
contention that the prosecution
against barrow Is but a step against
Gompers Mr.. Burns Is going all
over the East and being interviewed
everywhere, announcing that he is
going 10 get Mr.. Gompers IL he can,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
CARNEGIE VICTIM
OF STUDENT RAG"
TAKES HAyFuINEss IN GOOD.
HuMoR AND LAUGHS AT
INTERRUPTIONS.

ABERDEEN. SCOTLAND. June C
Andrew Carnegie was a victim of Il
student rag today. When he deliv-
cred an address as rector of the Alb
derdeen university the students pune
tuated his speech with more or less
facitous interruption and weired
noises. and "heh he had finished raised
such an uproar as is seldom heard even
from a gathering of colle~o men.
Carnegie took the students playful
ness in good humor. laughing heartily
at some of the Interruptions.
When Professor Souter rose To pro-
pose vote of thanks to the iron mas
ter, pandemouium broke loose. 4 hum
dred chairs were wrenched from their
fastenings and thrown about the hall:
squibs. mats and other missiles were
hurled through the air. while the stu
dents stamped their feet, sang, yelled
and whistled Nobodv heard a word
the speakers said.
Mr.. Carnegie's address contained his
characteristic phrases. He warned the
young men OF intemperance. SAYING
THE use of liquor u rock more
than any other upon which young
men are hopeiessly wrecked. Advice to
Young men is TO remain teetotlers until
you are millionairas.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
KNIGHTS OF GRIP GATHER
FOR BUSINESS AND FUN
Great Convention Holds Opening Session in Jefferson Audi
torim Hear Welcome Addresses and Report of
Officers Showing Order in Good Shape

of commerce; {. T.. Parker. represent
ing the supreme council: DR., Maclach-
Ian, and Grand Counselor r. IL. Thorn
burg.
Ra,+M. E. James opened with pray
er. and DR.. L. y. Calisch gave the
benediction.
After all the nice things had been
said and applause had followed all Of
the talks. lunch time arrived.
and the body adjourned. with
out going into the morning bust
ness session, which had been the rule
for years
No Thirts Here
1t must be said here that the thirst
thar attacks most people at conVen-
tions, cannot he appeased at this con-
vention in the conventional way. for
there Is q rule of the organization
which states that no banquet or other
social function may De Hrnamented by
intoxicating fluids. And. up 10 late.
this rule has been faithfully carried
out
Mayor Richardson. in his weicem-
ing address, handed the travellers a
lot of good suggestions. and he told
Of the vast future of every com
munity that may rebound to the hene-
fit of that community and TO the in
Continued on second Pagel ..-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

Fif-->n hundred United Commercial
Travellers are in the city. Bur that
fifteen hundred seems like ten thou
sand They are here. there and every
where and the outside men say the
inside men are doing too much in the
way of entertaining, and that the So
cial end is liable to keep the conven-
ton here longer than the specified
dine.
But" said a member, we feel that
we would like to stay here all the
time. And We do not care if 1t takes
US until the last of next week we VIII
be glad to be in the hands of our
friends. and by that I believe from
what ! have already seen. that the
whole city Is embraced in that party.
The opening was delayed a short
while, but when Arthur Levy raped
the convention together at 1880 yes
terday morning there were probably
two thousand people present Among
them We're many ladies who came. most
OF them to Richmond for the first
time. and they EXPRESSED similar senti-
ments to thar expressed above.
1--WE would like 10 stay here always
they said as one woman.
The speakers were Governor Mann,
Mayor Richardson, W. T. pahney.
President Carringtons Of the chamber
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
Baltimore Banker Takes Over
Stock Owned by Cumber-
land Corporation
SLATED TO REMAIN
INDEPENDENT LINE
Financial Connection OF Com
pany Enlarged, lnsuring
Money for the Roads
Development

NEW YORK, June 6.-S. Davies
Wartield, the Baltimore banker, has
purchased controlling interest in
the Sea board Air Line. The an
rrrrtftfe4ff1-tft as f+ttt+ie tonight Af.
Warfield at the Hotel Plaza. Before
making the purchase he obtained the
support of both the National city
bank and the Morgan interests and
with their aid IL is his aim 10 develop
the road 10 its fullest possibilities and
to build up the country through
which IL runs
The control of the Seaboard YVES
obtained when Mr. Warteld and his
associates bought from the Cumber-
land corporation, owner of the Caro-
Iina. Clinchfleld and ohio railway.
so.ooo shares of tfre preferred and
10000 shares of the common stock
of the seaboard, The price WAS not
announced, but the preferred sold in
Wall Street today at So IA and the
common at 25f-2 With the ascen-
dancy Of Mr.. Wsrteld there viii re-
tire from tile ownership Of the stock
Thomas r. Ryan and the Coolidge in
<erests
- fftxftffr-ftr- It Southern friAe,--
1T il true that the Cumberland
corporation g holdings or Seaboard
stock have been acquired by me for
myself and associates. said AIR.
Warfeid. The Seaboard Air Line
railway is distinctly "a Southern prop
erty and the South's position in Sea-
boards affairs Will now be empha-
sized.
The financial connections Of the
company are enlarged, insuring the
procuring of money for It's develop
ms mt on the best terms with resultant
benefits 10 both the territory IL seryes
and 10 ITS security holders
The announcemept of the purchase
made by John b. Dennis, of BLAIR &
Co. Ia mixers, fiscal agents Of the Curl-
befiand corporation. says Nartielt is
associated with leading financial IN
terests in the States traversed by Inc
Seaboard Line. and also the following
men In New York; Frank A. Wander
lip, president Of the National City
bank. Albert II. Wigein, president Of
the Chase National bank. Blair X 90.
Benjamin Strong. Jr-. vice president
OF the Bankers Trust compa ny;
Charles II. Sabin, vice president 81
the Guarantee Trust company: Sam
uel l.. Fuller, OF kissel kinnicu,t &
Co. and Roberts Walker. formerly
chairman of rhe Rock Island com
pany. now member Of white & -ase.
lawyers. III is said the stock will be
put in trust for Eve years with War
field "a chairman of the managers.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
SIX MEN CONTROL
NEW YORK BANKS
LIGHT Is BROUGHT on OPERATIONS
OF MONEY TRUST ny con-
GREssIoyAL COMMITTEE.
HOLD # UIL P0WE r
UNDER ARBITRARY FEE ron COL
LECTION or CHECKS FIFTY
MILLION WAS CLEoNED
UP LAST YEAR.
HOLD FULL P0WE r

-~- NEW YORK, June 6'~-~Six men
direct outright the poiicies OF nearly
one hundred of the biggest banks
and other financial institutions in
New York They are.
Frank A. Faidcriip, president of
the National City bank.
James G.. Cannon. president Of the
Fourth National bank
Walter II. Frew, president of the
Corn Exchange bank.
Ricard Delafieid president of the
National Park bank.
otto T. Barnard, president OF the
New York Trust compan..
A. Barton Hepburn, president of
the New York Clearing house and
chairman OF the board of the Chase
National bank.
The five first named constitute the
membership of the. clearing house
committee of that all-powerful or
ganlzaticn--the New York Clearing
House association. 1t is the controll-
ing body of the clearing house. fdr.
Hepburn Is a member of the coH-
mittee ex-officio by reason OF his
being president OF the Clearing House
association.
This committee directs only in
name. Behind its members stand tho
small group of financial giants who
constitute the money trust. now un-
der investigation by the committee
ON banking and currency OF the ma
tional house of representatives.
Among them are ]. Pierpont Morgan,
Thomas f. Ryan, the Standard Oil
Interests and George F. Baker.
A clear glimpse into the far-reach-
es of the money trust lair was afford
ed today by the developments which
came with startling suddenness as
the result OF the first days hearing
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
VOTE EXHIBIT GIVEN TO-DAY
AND AGAIN SUNDAY MORNING
Read Standing and See How Many Votes Your Friends AL
ready Have-Creat Campaign Is Now On in Earn
est and Candidates Are Working Hard

ganizing their forces for sharp and
decisive campaign the contesta nt'
have displayed a degree of political
acun I that would be distinctly
creditable 10 some of the ablest poll
tlcians
The strong candidates possess eX-
cellent judgment. and this judgment
tells them that it's only by strenuous
work that the prizes can he secured,
Each one realizes that the loss of a
moment offers an opponent the OPP
portunity to gain a lead which might
ultimately result in victory In this,
as in other features OF the campaign.
the candidates have shown the clev CT
ness of veteran politicians.
New Candidates Entering and Are
Working Hard.
Optimism now reigns supreme in
the different camps The candidates
have gained that assurance which
comes from success, and each has
confidence In his ultimate success in
the great battle of ballots. which has
attracted such widespread interest.
Inspire your friends with this con-
fidenee and the prize is practically
yours. The contest is rapidly mar
rowing -tiewn- 10 the reat contenders-
iLsagti u ssaad sas, ,rrSr;,sss ysnf~e y .4.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
PATHF|NDERS BACK
FROM WASHINGTON
had ROUGH TRIP But cor
THROUGH ALL RIGHT, is
REPORT.
ROUTE OF THE PARTY
IN STAFFORD COUNTY WHEN GAS
0LINE GOT Low THEY RACK
led THE CAR UP THE
HILLS.
ROUTE OF, THE PARTY

Henry w, Anderson, president of tile
Richmond Washington highway asso-
citation, told briefly last night Of the
trip of the pathfnding party to Wash
ington and return. Mr.. Anderson
showing no visible signs OF the ardu
Gus journey. was seen at his home, 9l5
Park avenue 1t was plain he was
pleased with the trip in spite of the
tact that 1t had been a rude. rough out
Ing. the finish being made in tor
rent of rain.
I'VE left Richmond. Monday. at
o'clock" said Mr.. Anderson. I'm The
party was Captain p ST. Julien VIII
son, State highway commissioner; Sec
rotary Robert b. Airport. of the Rich
mond-Washington highway associa-
ton; Mr.. A. l.. Westgard. field rep
resentative of the American Automo.
bile association. and myself. My
chauffeur, Gray, also went along. and
We found his services most valuable
Mr.. Airport started at the wheel OF
the car, but after we had covered
twenty-five miles he gave up the jot
to Gray. 1t was no small job.
eve went to Ashland. and from
there to Elects and Fox's bridge, a
route slightly different from the one
Ahch ny the patty tia
made the trip last December. That
party went by Hanover Courthouse
and Burke's bridge. We crossed the
Mattaponi into Milford. and continued
on to Bowling Green and Fredericks-
burr
Stuck in the Mud.
Twice we got stuck in the mud, and
had to prize the car out and lay tracks
of corduroy to get through the soft
places. After We left Bowling Green
and got we'll toward Fredericksburg
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

n todays Issue appears the stand
ing of the ladies who are striving TO
win one of the magnificent prizes
offered by The Nirginian, and If all
knew just how much one of these
matchless trips means 10 the con-
tpstants. we are certain that you
would lose no time in informing the
Young lady whose name appears this
morning. and whom you know, that
YOU arc willing III assist her in cap
turing one of these tours for her
The ballots came In deluge- In or
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
TO VIRGINIA BEACH, VIA NOR
FOLK AND WESTERN RAILWAY.

Train leaves Byrd Street STATION 8: 10
A. NJ. every sunday, carrying a through
coach to Virginia Beach without
chanpa - A dy 4e
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
Taft Machinery too Heavy for
the Colonel in Preliminary
Fight in > National
Committee
ADMINISTRATION IS
JUBTLANT OVER ONE
THEY PUT ACROSS
Rough Riders Plan to Re.
duce Southern Represen-
tation Is Defeated
With Ease by
Taft Cohorts

OYSTER BAY, June s.--The
political craftsmanship of State
Senator Finn. of Pittsburg. will
be brought into play at Chicago,
at the command of Colonel Roose-
welt. in the effort to prevent the
Taft forces running away with the
national committee contests.
is Finn going TO be your floor
manager?' was asked of the colo
mel
No, he'll just aid Mr.. Dixon in
whatever comes up, responded
the colonel.
Asked about the possibility OF
his dropping in at Chicago HIM
self before the end of the contest
decisions, the colonel said.
II don't Know that | am going.
II | do it may be toward the lat
ter end of next week"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

Take the license OF a speeder away
and hes won't he liable to speed. Take
away the license OF the man who allows
a speeder without a license TO run
his car. Make every man who owns
car personally responsible for that
car. no matter who drives 1t. II the
members of his family wish to run
IT each one should be obliged to have
license
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

fcont inued on Second pagel
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

Continued on sixth paseo
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
Stuck in thu Mud.

tContlnued ON sixth pase. )
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

Continued on Second Pagel
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07
New Candidates Entering and Are
Working Hard.

i,esea,it''s'e4a ON Third Page
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

-if..,n hnnfred rnited Commercial
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1912-06-07

II mot send In yesr nane
for the vivKfnias's
EUROPEAN CONTEST.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1912-03-15
CELTIC CLUB READY FOR
DINNER TOMORROW NIGHT.

The Celtic Club has completed plans
for an elaborate banquet In honor of
st. Patrick's Day for tomorrow
night at Achtel-Stetter's. The list of
speakers includes men prominent in
this State and New York. Covers will
be laid for 150. This will be the
twenty-sixth banquet held by the club.
John l.. Carroll, chairman of the ar
rangement committee, will be toast
master. The address of welcome will
be delivered by President Thomas J..
Regain. The speakers and their SUBJ
jects are: Judge Peter F. Daily, New
Brunswick, why We Celebrate:,
Speaker Thomas F. McCran, New
Jersey" Mayor Jacob Haussling,
"Newark's Progress" Judge John M.
Tierney. Of New York, freshmen and
Their sons;' John H. O'Connor, "The
Celtic Club
h officers of the club are: Thomas
j. Regain. resident; John L. Carroll.
Joseph M. Byrne. Michael J. Nc
Laughlin. vice-presidents: John H.
O'Connor. secretary, and John NJ. De-
lany, treasurer. The banquet commit
tee consists of Bernard M. Stanley. IT..
Joseph w. Clark, Joseph P. McFadden.
James J.. Mcclure, Joseph j. Mullin.
William p. O'Rourke and c.. VOL
tiers, jr.