davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05
THE MEANING OF MARRIAGE.

In an opinion deciding against
'platonir marriages" tho state SUI
preme court of Pennsylvania recent
ly pointed out that marriage is some
thing moro ham a civil contract: that
il is an institution of the state. SUI
pcrscding all other contracts between
the parties. and that the who'll So
cial system is based on the theory
Of husband and wife living together
as such.
In recent years there has been a
growing disposition to regard mar
riage merely as n loose contract, af-
fecting the parties to II, and to be
entered into lightly and dissolved mt
will. In the case decided by the SUI
prone court in Pennsylvania. u hus-
band and wife took an oath of celih-
acy q year before the marriage GER
c1nony was performed. They kept
that oath for fourteen years. Then
there was a separation. and the wife
sued for support. The supreme court.
reversing the trial court. decided
that the wife was not entitled to sup
port. holding:
ut is not the policy of the law to
encourage the living apart of hus-
band and wife while the marital re-
lation exists in force. After the mar
riage contract is entered into the
rights. duties. and obligations of the
parties are fixed by law. The plain
tiff attempts to read into the mar.
riage contract a clause which would
practically annul 1t and defeat its
purpose as a civil institution"
Their are many instances these
days of the light regard in which the
marriage contract is held. The old
belief IN the sacredness of marriage
has not altogether passed away. but
odd notions Of the new thought va
riety have been creeping in here and
there. While many changes are be-
ing made in the laws. to meet mod
ern conditions. hardly any changes
have been made in the marriage and
divorce laws for. many years. There
is no uniformity in tho laws OF the
various states, and the onseuuenc
is that many persons hold in utter
disrespect the laws that do exist.
There Is need for more uniform
laws regulating divorce. and there is
especial need Of laws hat will dis
courage hasty marriages. The great.
est need of all. however, is for a more
the marriage institution with regard
to the nation and state. II all courts,
in passing upon such questions.
would dwell upon the real signif-
canoe Of marriage. probably the in
stitution would be held in greater re-
spect.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05

and mate them. tho litter of four or
SIN pups will 10 black. with the en-
ception of perhaps one pup. In four
or five gcenrations there will be de-
veloped Il strain of black foxes and
the exception will be a red pup. 1t
is necessary to keep the animals in
captivity. of course. to do this. but
that need not cause Il deterioration
in the fur. for the more nearly do
mcsticated they become the better
fur they shout bear. In captivity
they are better fed, better housed,
and more comfortable than in the
Wild state. all of which should make
better the fur
ON Dr. McPhails farm his mama
ger. Claire A. Austen. has fenced off
three acres for the cages in which
ihe animals are kept. The fence is
twelve feet high and built of boards
placed close together 50 that the in
closed space is absolutely hidden
from view. This is necessary to in
sur" the animals against being dis
turhcd. Persons looking at them
and talking or throwing ANYTHING in
to the inrlosurc, or even walking past
would so upset the timid foxes that
the br|edin. Would be seriously ham
pcred.
The cages. which arc of wire
mesh. are f"rty-cight feet long and
t"cntN-fonr feet wide. and are sep
arat"d just far enough to keen the
animals from clawing at each other
through the mesh. The land is left
as nearly in the original states AS is
possible. II il is best that il he COW
cred with evergreen and birch trees.
Every detail must be natural. for if
inc foNe are not perfectly comfort
able and happy they will not breed
well and the fur will suffer.
The mesh fences arc ten feet high
ana extend two feet under the earth,
so that the foxes cannot borrow "a
way out. They are great climbcres,
too, and unless the fence has a two
1901 oNorhanS they scramble up the
mesh escape.
IN each cage" says Dr. Mcrhail.
i nave IL hollow birch low. which is
sci horizontally on some stones about
wv" ieet above I'll" ground to keep
~ dry, and because for some reason
IN" fox prefers to jump from the
ground int" il. We have to arrange
quite n complicated entrance TO the
hollow log to satisfy the whims of
these very particular animals. a
ION Will never enter any place unless
ne sees his way out again by a diff
ferent route from that by which he
entered. h entrance to the log it,
sell IS about in the middle and is in
/" form of a tunnel about five inch
Us by seven inches inside measure
m"nt. The outer end of this tunnel
connects with a cross runway open
AT hoth ends, just like the log itself.
only smaller. so that at every turn
tho fox sees AN opening ahead. We
might Just lay tho log down with
both ends open. but the animals
would not have near so much pleas
urc in their homes. They seem TO
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05
LUXURY AND LICENSE REVEALED
OM P@MPEDO'S FDFTM AVENUE

The newest excavations at Pompcii
have proved that that ancient blood
stained pleasure-mad city, overwhelm-
cd 1000 years 4 by divine fire in
the midst of its crimes, possessed a
Fifth avenue as luxurious. as money
scattering, as ostcntatious as New
Works. principal street of fashion, but
Infinitely moro sensual and brutal.
This fashion center of Pompcii was
like ~millionaires' row of upper Fifth
avenue, combined with the widest
part @ fthc Great White Way, and then
with many features added that can
hardly be described. and could only
have existed in that strange ancient
world that has passed forever.
There We're II palaces facing on q
thor"ughfarc reserved for patricians,
and behind them the dens devoted to
secret orgies. There were the schools
of the patrician children. and there,
within Il stones throw of them, We're
h drinking saloons, where wealthy
Pompeians could meet With dancing
girls and actresses. There was the
home of the patrician with all it's high
art and refinement and love of letters,
and opposite ii WAS the aren't of tho
gladiator. where the master of the
house could revcl in blood and every
form of wickedncss.
Manuscripts have hitherto been rare
in Pompeii. though many have been
found i'll the neighboring city of Her.
culaneum. hut at last a mass of them
has hean uncarthcd in the former city
Among these documents is a copy of
tho papyrus. ".Acta Diurna." One
item deciphcred from this begins thus:
Marcus Tullius Servus gave a mag
n%iticent spectacle last night to the
members of the Roman aristocracy
now staying in Pompeii. The Circus
MaNimus Was hired for the occasion.
Marcus Tullius appeared in a magnifi-
cent qlladriga tfour-horsed chariot),
followed by his friends and client in
other chaliots. Naked barchantcs
with g%arlands on their heads and vino
jugs in their hands waited upon the
guests. There followed mortal COM
bats between 100 gladiators. the burn
ing of 100 dancing girls. who had pre-
viously beer stepped in wine. and the
feeding of 100 choice slaves TO lions
and other wild beasts newly imported
from Africa. All the guests Joined
wildly in the revelry and the superb
entertainment had not been concluded
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05
lNDINIDC AI.IN EXECUTED
LAW.

ON. 1T tn. reasons why society in
sis;s that individuals should not take
he law int" tli"ir " hands. but
.honld seek redress IN tho courts. is
clearly shown by q tragedy recently
enacted ~ Macon. Ga. Coming HON"
unexpectedly ono evening. Franklin
Tyndall. = prominent man. Thought
he saw =, stranger embracing and
Eissine his Wife ON the front porch.
lie puii.d a rnvulver from his pocket
n shot the man dead. After ii
Xas to" late. Tyndall discovered that
y Was not his wife. hut her sister.
who was being embraced. and II a
;he man whom hc killed Was Z" have
heen married I" the young girl in /"
couple of weeks. y r~oron"r's jury
axonerat"d Tyndall.
IF all men settled their disputes in
tho sam. manner. thousands of mon
would lose their lives annually
through mistakes Of judgment. pas
sion. or through mistaken identity.
There would n"Nor hc amy ASSURANCE"
tina the punishment for cffons"s
would le adequate. Men with hasty
tempers would Il" aV"nging supposed
insults every day in III" week. Their"
is no end of cases whore all the "Ni-
Hence points. circustantially. I" tho
guilt Of the defendant. but where in
nocence is positively established ly a
calm review Of the testimony in
curt.
Any one who has listened To tcsti-
mony in a courtroom knows how tho
stories of cyewitncsses To u given
situation vary according to III. per
ccption. intelligence. and power OF
observation Of the different sp"cta-
tors. one will say that tn" man who
fred a shot wore Il gray fclt hat.
another that he wore a black derby.
one will say tina the fight occurred
i'm the middle of tho street. another
that it occurred on the pavement.
All human beings are more ar loss
fallihie in reporting what they have
seen or in drawing deductions from
il. For the protection of innocen,
mon and women. the law has beer
framed with a view to %presunlinE in.
n"rcnce until guilt is proved, AND
with A view tn permitting the escape
nf nine guilty mel rather than have
n innocent man punished. h Law
naturally does not want ninc guilty
men to escape. but such precautions
are provided against conviction Of ar
innocent man that frequently guilt,
mel do escape. To have the law
framed in any other way, however
would be rcpuEnant to the American
sense of justice. The thought of al
innocent man serving a long term ir
prison is abhorrent to the last dc.
gree.
Under tho law. Tyndall is guilty o
murder. if he fired the shot that kill
cd the man who was on his porcf
that night. The fact that a mistake
WAS made does not lessen T~yndall.
responsibility. If the verdict of thu
coroncr's jury stands. it will be AZ
invitation to other mon to make tn.
same defense to all sorts of crimes.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05
TO LINE UP THE LAWYERS.
Root and Others Start Movement
Against Recall of Judges.

New York. April Am appeal is
sued by a number OF leading lawyers
Of New York, including Joseph H.
Coate, Senator Elihu Root, b. +. Ira
cy. former secretary of the navy, and
others. was given out tonight, stating
that they believe it to be the Special
duty of lawyers to uphold the indie
pendence of the judiciary and to aid
in preserving the guarantees of the
constitution"
At the same time it was announced
that this appeal would be published
here tomorrow as an advertisement.
1t calls for the formation of an in
dependent judicial association, the
purposes of which are stated as fol-
lows:
ut shall be the object of such as
ISOLATION to combat current and all
like proposals in respect to the recall
Of judges and the reversal of judicial
decisions by popular vote, by making
clear to the electorate the dangers to
the public welfare which We believe
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05

EON FARMING
TO R.AISI; FUR

Fox farming is the new venture
which is attracting wide attention
throughout tho maritime provinces
of Canada and tho wooded sections
of Maine. In fact, it is fast outgrow-
ing the proportions IF Il venture and
Is recognized as an established indus
try. Those who arn Interested i'm the
raising of foxes say il is more of Il
sport than ii is hard labor. and there
is a certain Zrst about the rearing
of Nh" wild creatures and association
with them which takes the place. i'm
the heart of the huntsman, of the
excitement of the ease.
To supcrintcnd ~ fox farm person
ally one must endure considerable
hardship in tho way of cold and lone
lincSs. for tho fox does not flourish
IN populated districts whore unac-
"nstomcd noises and the presence of
hulnan beings distract the timid ami
mails. For the best fur Il cold climate
is necessary.
Black or silver oXos are The ones
raised on the ranches or farms he
cause of the value of the skins. and
II is stated in reports of the United
States department of agriculture that
n" total crop of real black fox skins
nf the United States and Canada is
sold i'm London. for the most part to
the nobility of Austria and Russia.
Many of the fox farms arc opcrat-
cd by mon with small capital. hut of
late wealthy men have established
fox ranches not only as a cnmnrercial
project, but as a hobby DIR. Dom
aid +. McPhail of New York
has a ,hirty-acre farm at Cape
Breton. on which he has TWEEN
ty pairs Of breeding foxes. He told
a reporter how tho strain of hlarI;
foxes was developed.
because they arc very scarce in
tho wild state and arc almost always
the puppies of red foxes. the black
foxes have always been considered
freaks or mongrrls.' hc said. we
cannot disprovn this. although breed
ers are of a different opinion. At
any rate. it is certain that if we take
two black foxes born of red parents.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05
are of necessity involved in the adop.
ton of such proposals."
MAY DELAY PRINTING BALLOTS
Chicago Primary May Be Muddlef
ThcQuSl Court lecision

Chicago. April 4.-Possible danger
OF delaying the printing Of the bal
lots, so far as Cook county is con-
cerned. beyond the time for the. pri-
mary elections next Tuesday was seen
in a decision rendered in the super
lor court today: ordering that the
names of municipal court judicial
candidates be printed in the order In
which they We're filed with the city
clerk, instead of as they were filed
with the board of election commits
sioners.
Judge Cooper said he would issue
a mandamus stopping the present
printing Of ballots and it is said quick
action will be necessary to adjust the
differences of the %contending sides to
have the ballots completed in time.
Today's decision followed a com.
plant by Democratic National Com.
mitteeman Roger c. Sullivan,
Hot-Ad.k READERS.
Those who find shopping an annoy.
ance are NOT-AD-READERS.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-04-05

do sup again where Chan wine and
love AWAIT"
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11
THE CATHOLIC BULLETIN, MAY il, 1912.

from every walk Of life. From far
and near the Alumni Of George
town University came to honor the
memory of it's founder. Church
and State were represented in the
presence of their respective lead
ers. Among the speakers at the
unwilling were President Taft,
Cardinal Gibbons, the speaker of
the House Of Representatives, and
the Ambassador Of Austria Hun
gary. Chief Justice White Of the
Supreme Court, on behalf of the
Alumni, presented the statue to his
Alma Mater.
Archbishop Carroll was the first
member of the Hierarchy Of the
United States, the first Bishop and
Archbishop of Baltimore. He was
born at Upper Marlboro, Mary
land, January s, 1875. At the age
of thirteen he entered ST. Omer s
College in French Flanders, where
he remained for six years. In
1853 he joined the Society of Jesus
and was ordained to the priest
hood in 1859. After the suppress
sion of the Society Of Jesus, Faith
err Carroll returned to America in
1776, and began the life Of a mis-
sionary in Maryland and Virginia.
He was one of a committee sent
by the Continental Congress to
seek the neutrality of Canada dur
ing the War of Independence. In
1884 he was appointed Superior of
the Missions in the thirteen United
States Of North America with
power to give Confirmation; and
finally on November 6, 1889, Pope
Plus vi appointed him Bishop. In
the following summer he sailed for
England and on August Is re-
ceived conservation at the hands
Of the Right Reverend Charles
Walmesley, Bishop Of Rama, and
Senior Vicar Apostolic Of England,
in the Chapel Of Lulworth Castle.
For eighteen years he was the only
Bishop in the United States. In
1903 he was made Archbishop of
Baltimore with New York, Boston,
Philadelphia, and Bardstown, now
Louisville, KY, as suffragan Sees.
He died in November 1915, and his
remains repose in the crypt of the
Cathedral Of Baltimore.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

Mr.. Max Pam, prominent at
torney Of Chicago, has offered to
donate twenty-five thousand dol
lars to the Catholic University of
America at Washington, in annual
installments Of five thousand dol
lars each, for the purpose of Civ
ing postgraduate course to five
Catholic priests who will devote
themselves to the study of Social
ism and it's dangers to our institu-
tons. This course must be given
in the Theological department of
the University and the priests who
follow it will be selected by the
Very Rev. F. G. Kelley, LII. D.,
President Of the Church Extension
Society Of the United States. This
generous offer has been accepted
by the University.
A couple of years ago, through
the University Of Notre Dame, Mr..
Pam, offered a prize Of one thou
sand dollars to be awarded to the
best paper on the subject Of the
teaching Of religion in the public
schools. Thirty-nine essays have
been entered for this prize and it
is expected that the award will be
made before the close Of the year.
The University Of Notre Dame Sc
lects a number Of the best papers
which are then submitted to a
committee made up Of prominent
scholars who will make the final
award.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11
ARCHBISHOP CARROLL.

On Saturday May 4, there was
unveiled on the campus of George
town University a heroic statue of
it's founder, the Most Reverend
John Carroll, first Bishop of the
See of Baltimore. The bronze fig
ure represents him seated and
looking down the Potomac River
towards the National Capital
which was projected in the same
year in which Georgetown College
was planned.
This event was an important one
in the history of the institution
which is under the control of the
Jesnits. It brought together a
large number Of distinguished men
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

On May 8 the Bishops Of the
Province of Dubuque met at the
residence Of Archbishop Keane to
review the list Of three names pro-
posed by the consultors Of the
newly erected Diocese Of Kearney,
Neb., for Bishop of that See. This
list, together with one prepared by
the Bishops, will be forwarded to
Rome in the usual manner and, no
doubt, the appointment will be an
nounced in the course Of few
months at most.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

It has been announced that
Peter W. Collins, Secretary of the
International Brotherhood of Elec-
trical Workers, has resigned his
position and will devote his time
and talents to a campaign against
Socialism. Mr.. Collins is we'll
known as a writer and lecturer
against Socialism and the fact that
he proposes to devote his life to the
task of securing the support of the
labor unions in his crusade shows
how fully he is persuaded that
Socialism is an enemy of these Or
CARNATIONS. He does not deny that
the attacks Of Socialists on the
unions have injured the cause of
organized labor. He proposes to
do what he can to remedy this con-
dition.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

A parish priest writing in the
Missionary, a monthly magazine
published at the Apostolic Mission
House, Washington, D. c., has this
to say on the question of convert
making: ITO make converts we
must not avoid the non-Catholic.
but rather seek him out. And it is
a joy to the non-religious wanderer
to meet one who possesses a full
measure Of the religious spirit and
is ready to share it. 1t has always
seemed to me a mystery, not a re-
hglon, but Of conduct, why we
who are persuaded of the sole
truth Of God should hide away in
corner and do everything, al
most, to eliminate ourselves from
the public life of the community
in which we move. The parish
priest can and must be America s
convert-maker. /"
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

Last weeks issue of "The
Western World" Of Des Moines,
Ia, was a special number devoted
to an account Of the celebration
incident to the installation of
Bishop Bowling, the first Bishop of
that See, and to brief account
Of Catholic activity within the
limits of the Diocese. The West
ern World showed commendable
enterprise in the preparation of
such a fine issue which will serve
as a memorial Of the most interest
ing event in the religious history
of Des MOines.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11
THE NE TEMERE DECREE.

In view Of the fact that the
Bishops Of the Methodist Episco-
pal Church in their report pre-.
scented to the General Conference
now in session in Minneapolis at
tackled the marriage legislation of
the Catholic Church as embodied
in the Ne Temere Decree, it may
not be uninteresting to set forth
the provisions Of this decree and
it's effects.
The Ne Temere Decree derives
it's name from the initial words of
the official document in which this
new marriage legislation was pro-
mulgated on August 2, 1907. It
went into effect on Easter Sunday,
April 10, 1908.
The principal changes which
this new law made in the matri-
monial legislation of the Church
relate to engagements, Or be-
throthals, clandestine marriages
and questions connected there
with. On the first point it declares
that no engagement of persons
capable Of contracting marriage
with each other will have canoni-
cal value unless it is set forth in
writing signed by the parties and
by two witnesses. Secondly, it
provides that no marriage Of Cath
olics will be regarded as valid and
lawful unless it is contracted in
the presence of the Bishop Of the
diocese, or the parish priest, or a
priest delegated by one Of them
and at last two witnesses. All
marriages of Catholics contracted
before civil magistrate or minis
ter of any sect are null and void.
Furthermore, the decree de-
clares that in all cases where a
Catholic marries a non-Catholic
the marriage is invalid unless the
ceremony is performed in the pres
ence of priest and two witnesses,
after the necessary dispensation
has been obtained from the Bishop
of the diocese. Since the law was
made for all Catholics it binds
those who at any time were SUBJ
jects of the Church, that is to say,
those who were, either in their
youth or in adult life, baptized
into the Church and who may have
fallen away from their allegiance.
Hence, all unfaithful or fallen
away Catholics are bound by this
legislation and the Church does
not recognize as valid any mar
riage contracted by them unless
under the conditions laid down in
the Ne Temere Decree, namely, in
the presence of priest and two
witnesses.
This new legislation has nothing
| at all to say in regard to the mar
riage Of Protestants, or those who
have never been subjects of the
Catholic Church. Such marriages
contracted in accordance with the
laws of the land she regards as
valid and binding. Since the pro-
visions of the Ne Temere Decree
do not apply to non-C Catholics it is
very difficult to understand the
reason for the great protest which
has been raised against it in GER
tain quarters by those whose posi-
ton and intelligence should have
.qualifed them to understand it's
bearing and effects. The Church
does not claim the right to legis-
late for any but her own children ;
but among them she is justified in
counting all who at any time were
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11

wearing a black lace scarf draped
round her head. Bishop Schrembs
commended the women highly for
introducing the custom and ex-
pressed the wish that others would
follow their lead. The pastor of
the Cathedral, DR.. O'Connell,
stated that the women Of the
church would henceforth be ex-
pected to conform to this custom.
What parish will be the next to
adopt it?
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1912-05-11
SATURDAY, MAY II, 1912.

The first official act of the Right
Reverend Austin Bowling, D. D.,
after his installation as Bishop of
Des Moines, was to appoint the
Right Reverend Mgr. M. Flavin,
Vicar General of the Diocese. Mgr.
Flavin has been pastor Of the
Church Of St. Ambrose, now the
Cathedral, for twenty-seven years.
He was made Domestic Prelate
by His Holiness Pope Plus x in
1907.