davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04

ting of these weeds in the Channel islands forms
an important part of the farmers work at certain
times of the year. Laver, prepared from a spe-
cies OF porphyra, is valued a delicate condi-
ment in the west of England and similar prep
aration from ulva latissima is known green
layer. Dulse (rhodymenia palmata) and tanges
(the young stalks OF laminaria digitata and l..
saccharina) have been used for food in times of
scarcity. but must be difficult OF digestion. The
last named species yield mannite Among the
best known forms OF green seaweeds the
tubular entermorphia. or plpe-weed; the branched
cladophora; ulva, lettuce, with fat spread
ing fronds; the feathery bryopsis, like a mna-
ture palm tree and the button-like codium.
sea purse.
The brown seaweeds are arranged in three
acknowledgements, fucaceae and dictyotaceae
according to their mode OF reproduction. In all
there are about ITO genera chiefly from the
colder seas. and varying in size from the minute
ectocarpus growing species OF fucus to the
gigantic macrocystis and lessonia Of the Antarc-
tic The floating thallus OF the former may reach
a length of a thousand feet. and the branching
tree-stalk of the latter is several yards high and
thick a mans Sargassum, gulf
weed is included here These belong to the first
group. in which sexual reproduction is effected
by swarm-spores; sexual reproduction also takes
place by the conjugation Of cells, usually differing
from swarm-spores only by their fusion. Here
also belong the tauges (laminaria) with fronds
borne stalk that shows some advance In
structure. In the fucaceae. OF which the bladder
wrack (fucus), sea-oak (halidrys), and sea-thongs
(himanthalia) common examples. the female
cells non-motile and the male cells free
swimming; sexual reproduction does not occur.
The common Dictyota dichotoma and the rarer
peacock weed (padna pavonia) may well repre-
sent the third group. sexual reproduction is
effected by nonmotile spores; the male and the
female cells also non-motile. single cell
is produced in, and elected from, the female or
gan; the male cells do not bear ella According
to Strasburger the process Of fertilization has
not been observed The third group contains
nearly 300 genera. mostly from temperate and
tropical seas.
The vast harvest of the sea, represented by
the agae that grow TO maturity and then decay
along our extended coast lines and wasted, is
capable of adding tens OF millions 20 the wealth
of the nation OF supporting numerous Industries
that would give permanent employment to many
thousands OF people, and Of relieving American
manufacturers from dependence upon foreign
sources of supply for chemicals and other mate
rials used in various arts and industries.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04

tion Of the byproducts such chloride of potash,
algin, cellulose dextrin, mannte and other salts.
including sodium alginate
The United States, however has one seaweed
industry of commerciak Importance in Irish moss.
form of aga that grows abundanty along the
Atlantic coast, particularly north of Cape Cod.
The center of the industry is at Sctuate, Mass,
where 1t has been exploited for threequarters
of century The average annual output at pres
ent is about 100000 pounds valued at $4,000.
1t is used chiefly for making blanc mango. and is
also employed in making cough remedies jellies
and In sizing fabrics.
In Roman times alkaline dye prepared
from seaweed, probably from fucus vesiculosus
the common bladderwrack. The "seaweed pic
lures" sold at watering places almost invariably
contain a large proportion OF the dried external
skeletons of pantlike animals such as the
mats (hustra) and sea-firs (sertularia)
Between twenty and fifty fathoms sewoeds are
rare. beyond that depth their occurrence is excep
tional The principal natural means Of distribu-
ton are, of course, currents; but man
counts for something, inasmuch species
brought from port to port on the bottom of ships
Among the chief barriers must be reckoned
stretches of deep sea, coast deserts OF sand and
mud and the irrupton of fresh water lowering
the salinity of the neighboring tidal water Prob
ably the Oldest seaweed known is of sphon-
eous structure, described as from the Devonian
rocks
Besides being used in the manufacture OF iodine,
the coarser brown seaweeds are also collected for
manure and the vraik or wrack harvest or cut
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
VALUE OF FLOWING IN FALL
Should Be Done In Order to Permit
Winter Precipitation to Enter Soils
Easily and Effectively.

IL is generally conceded that In or
der to permit the winter precipitation
to enter the soils easily and effectively
the soil should be plowed in the fall
and left In rough state throughout
the winter To prevent n loss OF this
storage moisture, when the warm sun.
shine of spring and summer appears,
the fall plowed soil should be harrow.
ed In early spring. and by means OF re-
peated harrowings dry earth mulch
should b. kept on the surface. On
the overwhelming majority OF western
soils the only right time for plowing
Is In the fall. On an equally large
proportion Of western soils the best
method OF preventing evaporation from
soils is deep and thorough cultivation.
The soil Of the farm on which the
experiments reported in this bulletin
were conducted was titled In the best
possible manner. The top soil was
loose and permitted the ready en-
trance OF water. The field was usual
ly plowed In the fall. During two sea-
sons only II was possible to secure
comparative data dealing with fall
versus spring blowing While the DIFF
ference In both seasons was small In
both cases II was in favor OF the fall
plowed soil.
Some workers IN this field have
noted the small increase in the per-
centage OF soil moisture TO certain
depths resulting from fall plowing.
and have hastily concluded that fall
plowing has little value In conserving
the natural precipitation. In view Of
the law of the approximate constancy
of the soil moisture in the spring such
views may be revised. Fall plowing
undoubtedly conserves the winter
precipitation.-Utah Bulletin No. 104.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
NEED OF CONSERVING WATER
Necessity OF Storing Moisture In Soil
During Periods Of Wet Weather
to Use During Drouth.

The Nebraska experiment station
Bulletin No. III. on storing moisture
In the soil, is report of work done
at the experimental station located at
North Platte. II takes up the neces-
sity of storing water In the soil dur
ing periods of wet weather. to be used
during periods OF drouth.
The charts show that water Is con.
served In the soil through cultivation
and that II is necessary to keep the
surface of the soil loose and In a re.
ceptive condition to get the water into
the soil Almost as much water is got
into the soil during the early part OF
the season where cultivated crop is
being grown as Is conserved by sum.
mer tillage. This is due to the fact
that the surface soil is kept loose
enough to hold the water that falls
until II can get down into the soil.
prevents evaporation. II is also due
to the fact that comparatively few
plants are being grown In cultivated
field, and these do not draw very
heavily on the water supply durins
the early part OF their growth.
In a small grain field more plant,
are grown, with the result that the
water is used more rapidly and less
water is got into the soil. In fields
growing alfalfa or bronze grass. where
the number OF growing plants are
large and the surface OF the soil ia
smooth and hard. Il Is seldom that
enough water gets into the soil to
moisten II below two or three feet.
BY the method OF summer tilling prac-
ticed from 40 10 so per cent OF the
seasons rainfall has been stored for
the use of the subsequent crop. On
this type OF soil the water in the up
per six feet is available for the crop.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
crops for saae erush Land.

The choice Of crops for sage-brush
land will depend on soil, location and
altitude. The grains almost always
do well. On the proper soils and in
adapted locations, potatoes thrive
Garden stuff nearly always does we'll
For the most part sage brush lands
are deficient in organic matter and
will not reach their best production
until after they have been In alfalfa
or other legumes. In the higher alti.
tudes field peas and alsike clover will
often be used as the rotation crop to
increase the productive capacity Of
the lands Thus land which has been
In peas, clover or alfalfa viii produce
larger crops than virgin soil
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
A Good Turkey Ration.

While corn will put fat on turkeys.
much finer quality OF flesh is OBJ.
tanned II they are given a ration Of
ground oats, barley. buckwheat and
wheat middlings mixed into a moist
hash and skim milk or buttermilk.
half ounce OF tallow TO each bird as
substitute for corn gives excellent
results.
This ration should be fed from a
trough and should be supplemented
by u succulent ration OF apples. beets
or turrips. Shells, grit. and fresh wa.
ter should be kept before the birds
constantly. II they are In good grow.
Ing condition TO start with about
three weeks OF this special feeding
will De needed to flt them for the
table.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
lIAkBIs
STOCK
-.G,.LNekAEN
II Days In dollars and cents 70 make

1t pays in dollars and cents to make
the stock comfortable.
Try to protect all stock from cold
winds and rains. II pays.
The cattle shortage is with us and
is likely to stay for years.
Kafir fodder is better In quantity
and quality In Kansas this fall than
for ten years.
Two parts oats and one Of bran
make a wellbalanced grain ration for
pregnant ewes.
Sheep, like men, can endure great
severity II conditions are maintained
favorable to the body.
Many times plenty of salt for stock
caves medicine later On. Hogs should
have 1t as we'll as the rest.
The man with the cattle is now con-
sidered the lucky man. and the better
bred his cattle are the luckier he is.
In the long run It is live stock
raiser who gets ahead. Look around
your neighborhood and see If II is
not so
A hog fed on corn alone from the
time II is weaned from the SOW until
butchered at IS months old seldom
pays expenses.
As good a conditioner as we know
OF is oil meal fed In connection with
one-tenth salt. There is nothing bet
ter for winter conditioning,
For a straight hog fence we have
found that 26 inches Is not high
enough. II there are to be no barb
wires on top, the hog fence should be
not less than 30 inches high.
A vicious old horse in herd OF
horses in the pasture is likely TO do
great harm by biting and kicking.
She should either be hobbled or kept
entirely away from other horses.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
His Magic Wand Not Waved

appalling and frightful. This cheered
Rockefeller immensely.
by the way" said the oil mag
nate graciously, how are you getting
on finaDcially?"
The reporter Immediately had a
vision OF tumbllng into a pile OF
money. but he was too crafty to give
any sign OF his elation.
"Oh." he said airily. I'm doing
about as well as man of my age
could expect"
Then Mr. Rockefeller without crack
ing a smile. resumed the game
Popular Magazine.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
Growers Have Quit Raising the Bean
and Have Turned to Cultivation
OF Rubber.

Motor cars are partly TO blame for
the higher price of coffee One may
not te able to own a motor car, but
because of them one may soon be too
poor to have a cup OF Rio for break
fast.
Coffee growers have quit raising
coffee and are cultivating rubber. the
Los Angeles Examiner says. The mo-
tor car nas doomed the rubber market
until there is big money in producing
the raw material, while the price OF
coffee for Is years has been SO low
that there WAS little or no money In 1t.
That is the explanation the coffee
brokers give OF the sudden advance
in the price of the bean without which
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04

In the building of dykes. Sometimes they are
used TO stuff mattresses. cushions and upholstered
furniture. Experiments have been carried on to
use them as substitute for wood pulp in the
manufacture OF paper. But the Japanese have
attained the climax of utility in the employment
OF the seaweeds. In the bay of Tokyo $500 acres
are planted every year with the red laver, a sea
plant, which is transformed into a dried and
toasted powder which is Of highly nutritious value
being rich in proteids These weeds are planted
In very curious manner. In October and No
vember bundles of bamboo brush are prepared
and taken to the grounds in boats at low tide.
Deep holes are made in the muddy bed OF the bay
by thrusting down through the water elongat-
ed conical wooden frame with two long upright
wooden handles. Into each OF these holes is
placed one of these brush bundles forming long
rows that project above the water. The brushes
AFFORD a lodging place for the spores Of the red
laver and they become attached to the twgs and
develop within three or four months into plants
which are ft to be harvested They are then
cut dried. pressed, toasted and ground into a
powder. This red laver grows abundantly along
the coasts of the United States
or greater Importance than this is the manufac-
ture OF a seaweed singlass which is exported from
Japan to all the countries Of the world There
are not less than 500 establishments in Japan
which are making this isinglass II is prepared
from seaweeds OF the genus Gelidlum. They are
boiled. strained and filtered In order to separate
the gelatne from the other materials The ready
product Is white, shiny and semitransparent and
is used In making jellies soups sauces and to
purify the wine of the natives, which is made
from rice and is called sake" In the United
States 1t Is chiefly employed in food preparations
where gelatine is required. It is also used for
the sizing OF textiles the stiffening OF the warp
OF silk, the clarifying OF Wines beer and coffee.
the making Of molds in the manufacture OF paper
In all civilized countries the Japanese gelatine
under the name OF agar-agar. is used exclusively
as the culture medium in meteorological work.
Large shipments of this gelatine also sent
TO the schnapps factories Ia Holland.
The most abundant OF all seaweeds are the
kelps, distributed along every coast line From
these the Japanese prepare "kombu" which en-
ters into the dietary of every family In Japan
1t Is used as vegetable, cooked with soups FISH
and meats II is also made into CONNECTIONS and
beverages.
Iodine has been manufactured from kelps for
many years, but the price has been reduced by
the working of the nitrate fields Of Peru that its
manufacture from kelps in the United States can
be made attractive and profitable only by utiliza-
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
Remedx for Lice on cows.

A good remedy for lice on cows is
TO pour little kerosene oil into a
shallow dish and stir in little salt.
Then take a wire-tooth cattle comb,
dip the ends OF the teeth in the mix.
ture, and. shaking OFF the surplus,
draw the comb down through the
cows hair where the lice are found.
Comb the cows once a week in this
way. taking care not to apply enough
of the oil 10 loosen the hair, and the
lice will soon be exterminated.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
Money King Apparently Asked Lead
Ing Question Only as a Matter
Of Information.

John ID. Rockefeller gets lot OF fun
out OF his money. OF late years he
has chosen as his friends several
young newspaper writer's, and one
day, playing game of golf with re-
porter. he let out this howl:
II enjoy being with young men so
much that | wish l could seek their
society more freely, but 1t is a hard
thing for me to do. You see, meet
people. and begin to like them, and
Just when do that they hit me in the
back with contribution box"
The young man agreed with the
millionaire that such practice was
discouraging, not to say disgusting.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
Why Price of Coffee Scars

an American breakfast is tasteless
thing.
There has been some talk OF a short.
age in the supply of raw rubber, but
according to consular reports the Sc
ringa rubber district in the Amazon
valley in South America would be suf-
ficient by itself to supply the growing
needs OF the worlds consumption If IL
could be worried economically which
Is only possible with a far greater
population than that at present avail
able and better means OF transport.
At present, except in the Acre. se-
ringa rubber has practically only
been touched TO distance of about
six miles on each side of rivers navi-
gable by some sort of craft
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04

Farmer Ito horse dealer)-No. {
don't bear ye no malice ! only hope
when you're chased by G pack OF raw
ishin' 'ungry wolves you'll be a-driving
that 'orse you sold me.-Tit.Bits
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04

1t must be awfully unlucky TO walk
under thirteen ladders.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1912-04-04
OuNdStod S2alueodRgs0lnueS

Yw these days when much is said
7: !. !. I. I !. J. !.
~ about the conservation of our nat
IN ural resources and the utilization
i LA OF products that are neglected and
n-A wasted, 1t is strange that no ac-
count is taken of the marine for
M~JM ests and gardens that fringe our
y/fS-rc(vrn sea coast. Yet. since seaweeds
WW@7D5N5 are the only vegetation found over
WY threefourths of the superficial
of the earth, 1t must be OBJ
vous that their place in the econ
omy of nature must be far from
pelng Insignificant. In their native element the
most important function of these seaweeds is the
same as that performed by ordinary forms Of
vegetation on land.-that of rendering animal life
possible They take the elements existing in
water as impurities and transform them into ma
terials essential to animal life. 1t is evident
therefore, that the seaweeds are not quite as use
less as they are supposed to be.
Along the coast of New England the British
Isles and western Europe they are used as fer
dhzers In many countries they are fed to swine
and cattle. In Holland they have been employed
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1912-11-23
Beef and lamb croauettes.

One cup cold meat, three-quarters
cup boiled potato. one small onion.
two sprays of parsley; put all through
chopper; then melt two tablespoons
butter and mix well with 1t two table
spoons -four; add when well blend
ed one cup of milk. little at time.
until sauce is good and thick; add to
sauce other ingredients, salt and pep
per to taste. and pinch of sage or
poultry dressing Mix all together and
set aside to cool. Shape into small
cones or balls; be sure not to have
them too large. Then roll in bread
crumbs; then into the white of an egg,
which should have one tablespoon OF
water beaten into it slightly; then in
to crumbs again, and then set aside
until meal time. Fry in deep fat UNI
Ill well Drowned, turning over all the
time. Try fat with small piece O!
bread and if it will brown while yor
count As it is ready. Cook four ere
quotes at time.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1912-11-23

Corar XIV. Mrs. Iva Moore. Of
this place. says: Il was so weak, ]
could hardly walk | tried Cardui.
and was greatly relieved. Il IS a
splendid tonic Ihave recommended
Cardui to my friends. who tried il
with good results" Testimony ike
this comes unsolicited. from thous
ands Of earnest women. who have
been benefited by timely use Of that
successful tonic medicine. Cardui.
Purely vegetable, mild. but reliable,
Cardui well merits its high place in
the esteem Of those who have tried
it. 1t relieves women's pains. AMI
strengthens weak women. It is
certainly worth a trial. Your drug
ist sells Cardui
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1912-11-23
DAINTIEs FOR SUPPER
LIGHT AND AT THE SAME TIME
SUFFICIENTLY NUTRITlvE.
Rice With Oranges VIII Be Appreol.
sted, or Rice With Fried Bananas
and Poachcd Epos--To Pre-
pare Spanish Beans.

Rice and Oranges Have dish OF
hot plain b0led rice. Slice some
oranges Put q tablespoon Of rice on
plate. garnish with few slices OF
orange and pour over sauce made in
the following manner: Melt one cup
of honey over slow flame and add
one tablespoon OF brandy, maraschino
or even a little grape juice II It is for
children.
Lightning cake.--Break two eggs in
a large measuring cup, add three table
spoons Of melted butter and fill up the
cup with milk. Sift one and one-half
cups of flour, one scant cup of sugar,
a pinch of salt and two heaping tea
spoons of baking powder. Pour liquids
into dry ingredients. beat we'll and
bake in moderately hot oven until
done. Test with a broom straw. This
cake recipe can be used as q layer
cake. as loaf cake or baked in small
tins. A measuring cup holds two me-
dunn sized cupfuls.
Rice, Fried Bananas and Poached
Eggs.-One cup of well washed rice
and three cups of milk or water. Cook
for one hour in double boiler with
half teaspoon of salt Fry FIVE ba-
nanas and some slices of bacon q
usually fry two slices apiecel. Poach
five eggs in milk or water Arrange
rice on platter, carefully lift eggs and
lay on rice and then put bacon aud
bananas around the eggs. This is a
delicious and appetizing dish. usual
ly serve crisp salad afterward
Apple Salad.-Slice firm tart apples
(Newtown pippins are fine); slice
some oranges. Pour over some salad
dressing and toss lightly on plate of
crisp lettuce.
Dressing.-Two tablespoons of vine
gar, add one teaspoon of salt and two
teaspoons of sugar and one teaspoon
of burnt onion juice; then pour into
this slowly one cup of olive oil. This
is fine dressing for any fruit or vege-
table salad
Spanish Beans.-Soak two cups Of
Spanish beans (the large pink ones)
over night. In the morning drain the
water off thoroughly. Chop fine two
large onions and fry in a pan until
brown; add beans and cook about ten
minutes, watching carefully. Pour
over these one can of tomatoes and a
heaping teaspoon of salt; add two
bell peppers If desired. Cook slowly
until tender, adding water as needed
Requires about three hours cooking.
At serving time put in baking dish,
cover well with grated cheese and
brown in hot oven. A piece Of salt
pork may be added If desired. and /
usually serve brown bread also. This
dish of beans is good topped off with
lettuce salad or cold boiled arti
choke with mayonnaise dressing.