Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1912-02-22
Relation of Animal Diseases to
Man Is Close, Says DR.. Stone.
One OF the Subjects Discussed on Sec
Ond Day of Farmers Week along
with Talks on Soil Man
ngcment.


mers weeks were held by the university
and the State commissioner last week IN
two other sections OF tho State. at tho
Agricultural schools at Lyndon Center and
Randolph Center and that both were
largely attended, will doubtless serve TO
lesson the attendance at Burlington. but
to swell the total attendance at such func-
lions for the state as whole. The re-
GREETED omission OF the work in dones-
tic science also limits the attendance.
Animal diseases and soil management
were the main matters up for discussion
In the morning. while demonstrations in
orchard practices and home mixing Of
commercial fertilizers and Of lime usage.
together with n lecture on grasses occu-
pied the afternoon. During the evening
Hon. Andrew Elliot Of Guelph Ontario, a
veteran institute speaker. gave an address
on clover, followed by lantern talk by
State Commissioned Martin on Vermont
In the Making. This was illustrated by
nearly one hundred slides OF Vermont
farm operations of all sorts; good and less
Lood ancient, modern. and to come
Briefs Of several of the nine talks fol-
low
THE RELATION OF ANIMAL d.
SEASEs TO MAN
(I3v Dr. r. II stone, Director Of the var-
mont Board Of Health laboratory
Those diseases which are communicable
in nature and which are common to man
and animals can be transmitted from the
one to the other. Some OF these diseases
are septic infections; anthrax; rabies;
actinomycosis; foot and mouth disease;
chambers, trichonosis; and tuberculosis
These diseases are caused by minute vege-
table or animal organisms and can be
transmitted from the sick animal to man
| by direct contact or by the ngeston Of
meat or milk. OF these ethods Of trans
| mission, the insestion OF milk is the
| most important because this product IL
| taken in an uncooked condition, is n good
| breeding ground for the germs OF disease,
| ana on account Of its physical character
| istics. conceals the evidence Of its con-
| tents. and finally, because It is the unver-
sal food Of infants and invalid Septic
| conditions of the udder may produce in
| foctions Of the intestinal tract Of those
using the milk. Anthrax may he trans
| ntted In this way. Foot and mouth d.
| seaee cause infection in those using the
| milk OF an infected animal. and. finally.
| tuberculosis Is carried from the diseased
| animal to the human being by milk and
! its products. 1t has been shown that tub
| circle hacilli may be introduced through
| the mouth carried through the walls Of
, the intestinal tract and produce tubercu-
osis of the lungs. It has also been shown
that the human being may be infected
| with bovine tuberculosis hence milk or
| any milk product contamin ated with these
| germs is dangerous to the human being
| Milk may be infected with tubercle bacilu
| from an animal with an infected udder
| or from germs which have been coughed
| from the lungs. swallowed. and passed
through the intestinal tract. Tho dis.
| charges of tubercular co .;s often contain
large numbers of tubercc bacill.. These
dry and form n part of the stable dust ir
which condition thcy gain access to the
milk. Nh one OF the reasons why II
Is so important to have clean milk. The
problems OF the eradication OF human and
bovine tuberculosis are ,nseparably con.
nected
Besides these diseases which afflict AMI
mails. milk acts az Il carrier from man tc
man OF many diseases to which the ami.
NAL Itself is not strictly susceptible
fever. scarlet fever, diphtheria, and ton
sil!tis have been produced by nfectio,
OF the milk by some sick dairy worker
No one who is sick with any communi
cable disease should have anything to d
with the care OF milk
SOIL MAKING.
(Ey Dean J. l.. Hills)
Soil Is born Of rock being formed. there
from through the activities OF diver
forces some from within. and some from
without.
The internal forces are not now rela
, lively active, while the external force
have been and are the great soil makers
The air weathers rocks through 1t
oxygen and carbonic acid gas contents
it mechanically erodes ROCK by win
driven sand 1t affords opp -tunity 10
heat and cold to disrupt and to burs
I rocks asunder,
The ground water oxidizes or rust
rocks. thus causing them to crumble de
/, oxidizes; hydrates and dissoives rocks
5 particularly limestone, gypsum, etc.
Z The essential function of weathering
' to loosen rock particles as a preceden
= to their removal by wind or water, III
/. iIltti4cSS vi l1t SOIL DllnkGt mus IOrme
. rarely exceeds n hundred feet
Water In motion is the great transfer
= mer of nature. Erosion consists of thre
1 sub-processes; weatheriug, defined above
transr ortation, the removal OF loosene
or dissolved fragments: and corrosior
the wearing effect upon the river bee
| The amount of material thus Weatheret
| worn away and moved Is stupendoul
| Erosion may be constructive. If eXerte
on rock to make soil: or destructive.
. exerted on soil 10 remove 1t from on
about deposition. more particularly III
retardation of the river flow, II usual
occurs in valley bottoms and at tn
Il mouths of streams.
The continental glacier swept over Ne
England. abradng, erodina. depositln
d clay sand. pebbles, stones. rounding tt
A mountain tops and deepening the valley
II profoundly mobiles the character
its soil Perhaps as much as or MOI
- than any other one factor It has dete
mined the character of northern agricu
| turc
Plant and animal life activities are in
u portant agencies, Lichens tend to dish
tegrate rock structure; sundry minu
forms secrete carbonate of limo or sllic
y acid. Sphagnum moss forms peat bed
- Seed bearing plants feed animal life ar
through decay furnish humus. The
roots tend to open up the soil. to brsa
rocks ana by their solvent powers to di
70 solve minerals, Corals build reefs: mo