davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
DYNAMITE OUT THE STUMPS
Result Given Of Experiment Made by
Kentucky Agricultural Station
Cost Of Material.

over 100 stumps having an average
diameter OF 16 inches we're blown in
Kentucky agricultural experiments at
London. The average number OF
sticks OF dynamite used was &c. the
average time required per stump 80
minutes. the average cost OF material
25.7 cents, and the average total cost
per stump 80 cents. Nearly all the
stumps were dead oak. At the expert
ment station farm at Lexington nine
green stumps averaging 22 inches In
diameter were blown at an average
cost OF sl56 per stump. 10 l-3
sticks OF dynamite per stump being
used or these stumps three black
oak averaged 45 inches in diameter,
and we're blown at total cost OF
1882 per stump, the average num-
Der OF sticks OF dynamite used being
% 10
The amount OF dynamite required 10
blow stumps OF the same kind In the
same soil does not vary directly with
the diameter. but more nearly with
the square OF the diameter: or. In
other words. with the area OF a cross
section OF a stump.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
The Raspberry.

pruning. so that each year there will
De no canes more than four years old.
The red raspberry is propagated by
shoots which grow up from the roots.
One.year shoots are preferable for
planting. The rows should be at least
three feet apart. with the plants two
feet apart in the row. Frequent and
thorough cultivation is necessary TO
keep down the suckers which grow
from the roots. II Is good plan to
plow the ground between the rows
every spring.
The blackcap requires summer prun.
Ing. The tips should be pinched OF as
soon as the shoots get TO be two feet
high. In order to induce side branch.
ing. II these side-branches grow too
long. pinch them back. Allow no canes
higher than six feet. In the spring
reprune. cutting out weak and eI.
cessiye growth.
Black raspberries do not send UP
root shoots. They are propagated by
buryIng the tips OF the shoots in the
ground some time In August. These
take root and produce new plants.
which can be transplanted the follow
Ing spring The black raspberries are
more rank in their habits OF growth
and should be planted further apart
than the red varieties. Planting every
three feet apart is a good distance.
They should receive thorough cult.
walton In the same manner as the red
sorts.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03

the Department.
why, young mani exclaimed
the farmer. I've been maxim cotton
since before you were born. You can't
tell me anything about cotton" The
young man peeled his coat. If can
pick more cotton than you and your
son both. will you take hold of this
with me-? said he. 4 sure will
said the farmer. Go tc it, They went
10 1t.
THE book farmer picked three
rows while the farmer and his son
picked two. The farmer surrendered.
You know about cotton said he.
IN do anything you want me to-
Here was a farm-adviser who
made good. But how many are Of
this sort In the United States?'
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
DEES AND
FAPMNOTES

Seed corn averages the poorest this
year OF any year ever known.
Lima beans should not be planted
until the ground is warm and dry.
Why waste manure by teaching and
then buy fertilizers? Build sheds.
When the pea crop is over. clear
away the vines and plant potatoes.
A disk plow is all right in its place.
but It's place is not in a field OF
sod.
Don't SOW a big area to alfalfa until
you have tried a small experimental
patch.
Where barnyard manure is available
no better fertilizer can be obtained for
growing tomatoes.
Cut clover hay when about half the
blossoms are brown; cut timothy Just
as the bloom is falling.
The tomato will not thrive upon
wet soil. as II is a plant that 10 very
intolerant OF wet feet"
To leave missed burrows Is no mark
OF a good plowman. Cut all the ground
and leave no hard ridges.
Make your garden so attractive that
II will be talked about and put up
your goods In a way that Will please
the eye.
When using alfalfa for hog pasture.
divide the field into three lots, using
one in early spring. one In summer
and the third In fall.
Considering how easily lima beans
may be grown and what nne vege-
table they are, Il 10 surprising how
few gardens contain them
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
Questions Answered

Working snnatsl
institution requires bus
to and
OUR SCHOOL LIKE FAMILY with careful regulations Drots
ne and reputation Of the young people Our students come fro.
families
College provides without
live College budingA
receiving valuable
value Of labor Except
{ .
coming
PERSONAL ExPGNsEs clothing laundry books
with different people Bsrsa fsvo plain clothing Our climate the best
Of weather
.ndsroG umbrellas and vsrshoss esPs
articles uniforms umbrellas snl
other articles q
EXPENSES really below College
washing bedding and
S6 the fan
ding. 70 to 60 for
~ooar Deposit" ~
library but aAd rstuSn1
student departs
(studsnts nothing tuition
Normal. eToe Ceus
gas
PAYMENT MUST ADVANCE, Incidental -
By the hak Instalmens follows
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
How A Farmer Was Convinced That
He Might Learn Something
From Somebody Else

In the current Issue of Farm and
Fireside appears an editorial show
ing how expert farm advisers are
needed by every county in the Unit
ed States, and how in the course OF
time they will probably be provided
by the government. Following is
story taken from the editorial:
when Doctor Knapp sent his ad-
visers through the South TO show the
farmers how to grow corn and cotton,
one of them approached a man IN
the field on the subject of planting
patch of cotton the next year ac-
cording to the methods approved by
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
HANDY IMPLEMENT FOR FARM
one-Horse Dump Cart is Not Hard to
Construct and Material Costs Com
paratlveIy Little.

The cart IL one OF the handiest tools
have on the farm, writes an Ohio
man In the Practical Farmer. | made
the bed rs inches wide. 10 inches high
and ~ inches long. / used 1Oinch
strap hinges to hinge bed on to back
end OF shafts. Drilled the holes larger
and bolted shafts on. The two blocks
were made OF wood 10 inches long
and inches wide. bolted on to the
shafts 80 as TO turn round when bed is
down and catch the end of the bed in
front. used for wheels a pair of drill
wheels three feet high.
This cart use every day TO haul
manure from ten cows. This bed will
hold all of II. and makes a good one
horse load II is handy for hauling
and dumping anything that one horse
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
INTENSIVE FARMING
Conducted by Frank Montgomery, M. s.,
Instructor in Animal Husbandry Special
Lining Land

food is set free for the plant to use.
/ Red clover is probably the most
profitable crop that can be raised to
build up land. II will not do well in
sour, wet land. The reason for this is
that there are certain germs or bac-
terra that live On the roots of all
clovers, COW peas, soy beans and
other legumes. They take nitrogen
from the air that gets in around
| the roots and gtoro that nitro
gen in the little round nodules you
can See on the roots Of all clovers,
including Japan; also en- the roots of
COW peas and Soy beans. II you go
to the fertilizer man you will have
TO pay him eighteen to twenty cents
per pound for this nitrogen. These
bacteria cannot live in sour land and
the leguminous plants just mention
ed cannot live long without the bac-
terra. Lime sweotcns sour land and is
therefore necessary for these crops.
Lime is also necessary for good yields
of all other valuable crops.
Many want TO know which is best
for the soil, burned lime or ground
limestone rock. This is a hard ques-
ton. Burned lime II probably better
to mellow the land and, IL you have
far to haul, It may be less expensive;
for 1,1o0 pounds of IL is worth about
as much as a ton OF ground rock. On
the other hand burned lime may
injure the land unless one knows how
and when to apply 1t best. while
there is no danger whatever with
ground rock The ground rock will
last much longer in the SOIL and all
In all, is probably the best for gen.
eral use.
The amount OF lime TO use depends
largely upon the needs Of the soil,
the way It is put on and the frequen-
cy of application. One man near Be
-ea only uses $50 t. 200 pounds per
aero but he mixes 1t with fertilizer
and drills 1t with tho wheat every
time he seeds, so 1t is always right
at hand TO give the young wheat a
good start. This land does not need
| limo as badly as most fields in this
locality. II the lime is put on every
/ few years with a limo drill, probably
500 to 900 pounds OF burned lime or
1000 to 1000 pounds of ground rock
should be used. II hauled out and
spread with a chovel 1t is hard Il
cover an acre with less than one to
two tons.
There will soon be an abundant
supply of both kinds of lime on the
market. Those that have very far u
haul from the railroad are talking OF
burning 1t in their own neighborhood
Small portable machines are now made
for grinding the rock. and they coulC
be profitably used by neighborhoods
hack from tho railroads.
II any one has any questions to
ask about the use of lime on the
soil, address them to The Citizen
and they will be promptly answered.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
Substitute for Poles.

'bs supported without poles In this
manner: Stakes. from which wires or
strings run. should be driven In the
ground very early. 30 the roots OF the
plants will not be disturbed. The
beans should be at least eighteen
inches apart In the row and the rows
should be three feet apart.
Wire. Of course, makes the best sup
port. but very strong. hard-twisted
Irvine that will not stretch In the damp
weather will answer the purpose.
The supporting posts may be set at
any distance apart. according to the
strength OF the pole supporting the
wire or Irvine. An excellent support
Is a gas pipe. but OF course this Is too
expensive for large garden. but may
be used to advantage In the average
small garden.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03

Probably there is nothing that
will yield larger returns on tho aver
age farm than the judicious use OF
lime. Everybody is now talking about
lime and many are already beginning
to use IL. Many farmers in the blue
grass country are coming to realize
that lime Is becoming deficient III
their soil, and probably ninety-nine
out OF every hundred In other parts
OF this country need lime. In fact
every field in the mountain country
that is not directly under limestone
cliff needs a great deal Of lime.
Lime is not a fertilizer, except 70
very small extent, in the sense
that we commonly use the term, Tor
II adds but little II any plant food to
the soil but simply brings about con-
ditions that enable the crop TO use
larger quantities Of the food already
present. II cannot take the place OF
manure, commercial fertilizers or
crops plowed under to enrich the
soil.
A few words then as to what lime
really does to the soil. We might
mention three general beneficial ways
In which limo acts upon land:
1. Lime swcetens sour or acid soils.
2. Lime mellows heavy, stiff clay
soils 30 the air ant water can WORK
down through them.
3. Limo unlocks stored up plant
food In the soil sc crops can use 1t.
Nearly all land in this locality Is
more or less sour OF acid. This acid
condition is produced by dccaying
vegetable mater in the soil. II the
soil Is open and porous and slopes
SO the water can run off, much OF
this acid will drain off with the wa
ter. But II the laud is flat and com
posed Of heavy clay this acid accu-
mulates from year to year, so that in
time the best kind Of crops will not
do well at all even IL the ground Is
well MANFRED and fortified. About
the only crop that farmers care to
raise that will do we'll on heavy,
sour land is red top CT herds grass,
and II is not as gool feed as blue
grass, timothy or clover. A man Nigh
eat all the lemons and pickles he
could hold every day and starve to
death. No more can crops thrive on
sour land. When limo is mixed with
this soil the aci1 property is destroy
ed and then crops can grow II there
is a supply CT food ct hand for them.
As a magnet draws pieces Of iron
toward itself and then holds them,
SO lime mixed with tho soil attracts
and holds other substances. When
mixed with heavy clay soil on which
water stands sometime after every
rain. It gathers the extremely fine
particles OF clay together and makes
IL much easier to work. Then, too,
there are certain food elements that
crops need. such rs potash. that are
locked up with other substances n
the land. When lime is applied this
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
CARING FOR RASPBERRY BUSH
Did Canes should BE Cut Out imme-
dlately After Fruit Has Been
PIeked-cultlvate Often.

The red raspberry should not be
summer pruned, excepting that the
Did canes should be cut out at once
after the fruit has all been picked.
In the spring the weak shoots should
be removed. and not more than eight
canes allowed to plant. The best
berries will be found on oneyear
wood, and they should not be allowed
20 fruit more than three years. This
may be managed by using method in
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
Filling In the Orchard.

The vacant places In an orchard
caused by poor stock. injury in cult
walton or borers. II may be we'll to I'LL
In with younger trees up to the age Of
about eight years. After that time
the older trees will occupy the ground
so fully with their root systems that
young trees set make very little
growth and seldom amount to mucn
when they arrive at q bearing age.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
BEREA
Five Great Schools Under One Management
For THE ASPIRING YOUNG PEOPLE OF
THE MOUNTAINS
THE MOUNTAINS
What Are Your Tslents7
What Are Your Aims7
Berea Has the Training That 10 Best Fer YOU.

Are far advanced
FOUNDATION SCHOOL,
Will be placed with like special make
rapid will Arithmetic
household
dalton School less than 500 $1,000.
Are aiming be teacherf Then Join
NORMAL SCHOOL, Dnsmors will Be
will
The
Are interested in earning money!
THE VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS, Miles z. Marsh, Dean
Agriculture 40 Science.
Nu
Printing Booksndne Ea
doing
things .
desiring Courssf tsks
n
GENERAL ACADEMY COURSE, Mstheny,
able Physt
tho
for the doctor and interesting ady Physes
the science machinery Drawing Bookkeeping etc, ETC.
Do wish prepare Corsgsf Start in the
sEREA AcApEMY-PREPARAToRY COURSES Msthsnn
The
Academy Domitory body
students high ability able 81 O.
lsgs Library and
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
GOOD SUBSTITUTE FOR POLES
and other Plants, but Strong.
Twisted Irvine 10 Good.

II Is every year becoming more dif-
ncult to obtain poles for beans and
plants OF that kind and very often a
crop Is greatly reduced because OF
lack OF proper support. Beans may
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
One-Horse Dump-cart.

can pull. My COW stable is so close be-
hind the cows that cannot get a ma
nure spreader in. so | had to invent
this cart. II Is not hard to construct.
and Is not expensive TO make.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1912-10-03
Berea College
REV. CHAS. F. HUBBARD, D. o., Dean

The College itself stands apart from all the other schools under it's
south To conform the Carnegie we have our for
centrae particular lines Largest college library Kentucky Labor
ators for student leading
A B., b. s., h. L.. and B. Ped.
MUsic (sInans Organ Culture Piano. rAsory
Band &
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02

Landslide For Wilson Begins.
The announcement of this vote
started Wilson demonstration. The
ballot left Wilson 124 votes short Of
the necessary two thirds to nominate.
Once more the roll call began. It
waht the forty-fourth ballot and Wilson
in the beginning gained one from Ari-
zona. Colorado climbed on the band
wagon giving Wilson gain Of nine.
This made the vote 10 to for Wilson.
One Of the two was Mrs. Anna B.
Pitcher. sister-in-law Of Speaker
Clark.
In Idaho Wilson lost one-half vote
but he gained two as Indiana's vote
was cast solidly for him.
Wilson gained three and one-half in
Iowa and Louisiana gave him one
more.
The Mississippi delegation was in
caucus when called On the forty fourth
ballot and was passed.
Call Wilson 70 Baltimore.
Previous to the conclusion Of the
the event Of Wilson'S nomination he
ton and It was expected he would ac-
cept the invitation.
Under the new order the presenta-
tion Of the platform was postponed
until after the nomination Of the cam
didate to permit hiin 70 inspect the
declaration of principles In advance Of
its adoption.
underwood's Name withdrawn.
Senator Bankhead took the platform
after the forty-fift ballot to withdraw
the name Of Underwood.
Bankhead spoke amid deathless
silence. He said Underwood had been
In the contest hoping to be the nomi-
nee. but his chief desire was to era
dicate every sectional feeling. That had
now been demonstrated by the liberal
support given the Alabama candidate.
He would not be the party to the de-
feat OF any candidate.
But / think the time has come to
recognize that he can not be nominated
in this convention. nor can he be used,
to defeat any other candidate" said
Mr.. Bankhead. = St
"vice presidentg' queried ., delegate.
No." shouted Bankhead. He viii
not turn from the important duties he
10 performing to. take the vice presi--
dency. He expyesJes the hope that no.
one will further urge him for vice;
president.'
Mr. Underwood directs me to with
draw his name from this convention"
said Bankhead amid an impressive
silence. adding tribute Of thanks from
Underwood Tor the sincere and loyal
support given him. He added that all
his friends were now released to vote
Tor whom tisey pleased and were at
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02

got 602 on the firty- third ballot. Champ
Clark Is beaten hopelessly. The only
question left Is whether Wilson can get
his two-thirds. Some of the anti-Wil-
son men are so bitter that this Is
doubtful. Murphy has resolved to stick
to Clark. Clark leaders are trying des-
perately to form block Of delegates
who will balk Wilson'S nomination.
Wilson men in the Iowa delegation are
being urged to go back to Clark.
TAFT FORCES WIN.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
WILSON NOMINATED
ON FORTY SIXTH BALLOT
break. The Wilson men did not press
the point altho evidently confident Of
q vote in the delegation.
a>s.> - nnSMASAAA


q vote in the delegation.
oains il louisiana and Michigan.
In Louisiana Wilson gained two and
obtained.
The New York vote was announced
~ ninety for Clark as heretofore. This
dispelled all hope Of nomination on
this ballot.
North Carolina added two extra votes
to the Wilson count
virsinia's vete ts Wilson.
When Virginia was reached Senator
Swanson arose to explain the states
vote. He asserted that q caucus this
morning had decided to enforce the
unit rule for the first time. The ma
jority Of the delegation were for the
nomination Of Wilson and the vote Of
twenty four went to the New Jersey
governor.
There were cries from the Clark fol-
lowing Of Ryan and Bryan"
The disorder was quieted only to
break out again as the entire Clark
vote Of sixteen insWest Virginia went
tovef to Wilson. In Wisconsin Wilson
gained one moro.
The forty third ballot gave Wilson
s0s, Clark s2s. This gave Wilson a
gain Of 10S and Clark loss Of 1o1.
Underwood lost 5h.
Wisconsin Votes 9oiidsy.
Wisconsin also went solid Tor the
first time for Wilson, twenty-six votes
Utah was solid for Wilson for the
first time. giving him her eight votes
Pennsylvania, heretofore almost solid
for Wilson. cast the full seventy-six
for him amid cheers.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
to withdrew the name Of Foss.
Want Nem,nation BY Aeealamatlen.

10 WltNOT0W tn0 u8uN0 Oh VU~s
Want Nem,nation BY Aeealamatlsn.
Representative Fitzgerald. OF New
York, moved that the roll call be dis
pensed with, and Wilson's nomination
be made by acclamntion.
The convention rose ennasse as New
York's spokesman moved Wilson'S
nomination by acclamation. A frenzy
of cheers swept the floors and CALLER
les. Delegates rose on their chairs and
waved hats and chairs.
Senator Reed, Of Missouri, interposed
an objection to New Yorks request to
make the nomination by acclamation.
The forty sixth roll call went on be-
cause of objections Of suspending. and
making the nomination by acclamation.
When Missouri voted for Clark the
delegation gave cheer which was
echoed in the galleries.
Clark Goes to Baltimore.
Speaker Champ Clark arrived In
Baltimore from Washington shortl,
after noon today. He was driven In a
cab to the Baltimore Club. where he
went into conference with former Sem
ator Dubois and others.
+ United States Senator Stone. Of Mis-
souri,, was authority for the statement
that Mr.. Clark would not go to the
convention.
Mr.. Clark denied himself to newspa-
per ,meE.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02

'fectly free to vote FOR whom they chose
but the Missouri delegation would vote
for Clark on all ballots, regardless OF
what others might do.
Mayor Fitzgerald takes the platform
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
Resolutions Adopted Endorsins Al
r,a;a;.&.aAian ~ Ahia canNanfion

Resolutions Adopted Endorsin9 A
n,inistration at Ohio Convention.
Memorial Hall. Columbus. o., July 2
The Taft forces won the first test In
tho state convention today. when the
motion to table the minority report OF
the resolutions committee was adopted
by a vote Of 4263s to 301h.
The minority report differed from
the majority In that It made no refer
ence to the Chicago convention or the
Taft administration. The majority re-
port was passed by viva voce vote
and the nominations for governor were
taken up.
E. b. Dillon. common pleas Judge Of
Columbus, was nominated Tor COVER
nor on the NTH ballot. The nomination
came as a surprise as Dillon was
candidate for Justice Of the state su-
preme court.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
The Vote By States

The forty-sixth ballot, the deciding
one Of the Baltimore convention, re-
suited as follows:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
surprise to Undsr>wood.

Surprise to Underwood.
Washington, July 2.-Representative
Underwood did not know OF the with
drawal of his name until informed by
the Associated Press.
He said:
"Senator Bankhead has been in
charge Of my campaign and has made
a splendid fight He has been in en-
tire charge Of my candidacy and acts
for me-
Mr.. underwood heard later by long
distance telephone Of the withdrawal
Of his name.
my friends wish me to- say that the
action of Alabama was without my
knowledge and approval and I make
that statement"
"How about the vice presidency" he
was asked.
'T am not candidates; do not want
it, and will not accept it If am nom
mated he answered.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02

PAGE ONE.
Tslssraphie Nsws:
woodrow Wilson Nominated at Bal
timore Convention.
Receives $50 Votes on Forty-sixth
Ballot.
Nomination Made Unanimous by
Convention.
Dirigible Akron Wrecked in Mid Air
PAGES TWO AND THREE.
Iowa News:
Old Parties Doomed.
Three Injured In Wreck at Belmont
Money Should Be Spent at Home
PAGE FOUR.
Editorial: s
Resurfacing Old Brick.
Republicans Repudiate TAFT.
Business Continues to Boom.
PAGE FIVE.
Iowa News:
Half Million Endowment Secured
Good Week for Corn.
PAGE SEVEN.
Story and General:
The Girl of the Limberlost.
PAGES SIX, EIGHT AND NINE.
City News:
Rev. Jesse Cole Sued for Alleged
Breach Of Promise.
Mrs. Mary Cooley Plaintiff for $4,000.
Clark Reelected School Board Sec
retary.
Cox Praises City Government.
Cummings Buy Thaddeus Binford
Corner.
PAGE TEN.
Markets and General:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1912-07-02
Giant Balloon Designed to Cross Atlantic, Ocean
Explodes While in Flight at Atlantic
n~ City.
amman AND HIS CREW PERISH

INTREPID A,RMAN FLIGHT, AND
his COMPANIONS Losr-s,a coLLAPsEs AND MEMDERs
OF CREW FEGr TO oEArH-o'sAsrER wfTNEssEns
ev rAousANpsALohe sEAcH-w,vEs THREE THE
VICTIMS sPEcTAToRs