Norwich bulletin., 1912-12-04

To the Senate and House or Repre-
 sentativeS:
 The foreign relations of the United States actually and potentially affect the state of the Union to a degree not widely realized and hardly surpassed by any other factor in the welfare of the whole nation. The position of the United States in the moral, intellec- tual and material relations of the fam fly of nations should be a matter of vital interest to every patriotic citi- gen. The national prosperity and power impose upon us duties which we can not shirk If we are to be true to our ideals. a
 The tremendous growth of the ex- port trade of the United States has already made that trade a very real factor in the industrial and commer- cial prosperity of the country. With the development of our industries the foreign commerce of the United States must rapidly become a still more essential factor in it's economic welfare. Whether we have a far seeing and wise diplomacy and are not recklessly plunged into unneces- sary wars, and whether our foreign policies are based upon an intelligent grasp of present day world conditions and a clear view of the potentialties of the future, or are governed by temporary and timid expediency or by narrow views be1tting an infant nation. are questions in the alterua- tive consideration of which must con- vince any thoughtful citizen that DO department of national policy offers greater opportunity for promoting the interests of the whole people on the one hand, or greater chance on the other of permanent national injury, than that which deals with the for eign relations of the United States.
 The fundamental foreign policies of the United States should be raised high above the conflict of partisanship and wholly dissociated from differences as to domestic policy. In its foreign af- fairs the United States should present to the world q united front The intel lectual. financial and industrial inter ests of the country and the publicist, the wage earner, the farmer and citi- zen of whatever occupation must CO., operate in spirit of high patriotism to promote that national solidarity which is indispensable to national eff ciency and to the attainment of na- tional ideals.
 The relations of the United States with all foreign powers remain upon . sound basis of peace, harmony and friendship. A greater tnsistence upon justice to American citizens or inter- ests wherever it may have been denied and stronger emphasis of the need of mutuality in commercial and other re- lat1ons have only served to strengthen our friendship with foreign countries by placing those friendships upon q firm foundation of realities as well as aspirations.
 Before briefly reviewing the more important events of the last year in our foreign iations, which it Is my duty to do as charged with their con- duct and because diplomatic affairs are not of a nature to make it appro- priate that the secretary of state make . formal annual report, I desire to touch upon some of the essentials to the safe management of the foreign relations of the United States and to -endeavor also to define clearly certain concrete policies which are the logical modern coroliaFies of the undisputed and traditional fundamentals of the foreign policy of the United States.
 Reorganization of the State Depart
 ment.
 At the beginning of the present ad- ministration the United States, having Sally entered upon its position as a Merld power, with the responsibilities thrust upon 1t by the results of the Spanish-American war and already en- gagged Sn laying the groundwork of a vast foreign trade upon which it should one day become more and more dependent, found itself without the machinery for giving thorough atten- ton to, and taking effective action upon, a mass of intricate business vi- tai to American interests in every country In the world.
 The department of state was an archaic and inadequate machine, lack ing most of the attributes of the for eign office of any great modern power. With an appropriation made upon my recommendation by the congress on Aug. 5, 1909. the department of state was completely reerganized. There were created divisions of Latin-Amer- lean affairs and of far eastern, near eastern and western European affairs. 10 these divisions were called from Che foreign service diplomatic and con- sular oficers possessing experience and knowledge gained by actual sarv- ice in different parts of the world and thus familiar with. political and com mercial conditions in the regions con cerned. The work was highly special tnsd. The result is that where pre-