davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
BULGARIAN ARTILLERY.

the river DrIn At the same time the
frontiers of Seryia and Montenegro
We're pushed out to become continuous.
About this time the great powers of
the world began TO take an active
interest In the changes, Anticipating
that Bulgaria would become Rus
sian dependency, they refused TO sane
ton the provisions of the San Stefano
treaty The upshot of this was the
treaty of Berlin, which limited the
new principally to the country be-
tween the Danube and the Balkans,
curtailed the Montenegrin frontier and
restored big tracts of the appropriated
territory to Turkey. Servia, on the
other hand, was considerably enlarged
as result of the treaty. With these
changes the complete independence of
the municipalities of Seryia, Roumania
and Montenegro was recognized. The
claims of Greece, which had been ig-
nored at San Stefano We're admitted
at Berlin, much to that countrys ter
ritorial gain.
Roumania was proclaimed Il kingdom
in 1881 and Seryia during the follow
ing year Following a naval demon
stration by the powers in 1880, Dull
cigno was given back to Montenegro
by Turkey. In compensation the Otto
man empire got the districts of PLAYA
and Gusinye.
Europe sanctioned the union Of Bull
garia and eastern Roumelia in 1886
Crete was withdrawn from the Turk
ish administration in 1897, and the
GrecoTurkish war Of that year was
followed by the cession to Turkey Of
several strategical points on the Thes
salian frontier.
-Four years ago Bosnia and Herzego
vina were annexed to the dual mon
archy, and Bulgaria was proclaimed an
Independent kingdom.
International jealousies arising from
the eastern question" as it has come
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
THEATER OF THE WAR.

District in west of Euro
pean Turkey, with population of over
100000. largely Christian. This is
one of the provinces for which auton-
omy is demanded from Turkey.
Bosnia AND IIERZEGovINA.-Two
states, with nearly 100000 inhabit-
ants, which belonged to Turkey until
1903, when finally taken over by Aus
tria. Those twu states had been gov
erned by Austria since the treaty of
Berlin in 1878.
Prosperous Balkan state
with population of 100000, lying
north of Turkey and east of its ally,
Servia. Bulgaria has considerable
coast on the Black sea.
GREECE 1t has an area of 24000
square miles and population Of 1000
900 and is the only Balkan state pos
sessing a navy,
MACEDONIA The central OF the three
provinces is bounded on the north by
the frontiers Of the Balkan states of
Bulgaria aud Servia. It's population
numbers over 100000, of whom over
half are Christian. Demand for auton-
omy in Macedonia has been chief cause
of war.
MONTENEGRO - Its territory consu-
tutes a rocky stronghold about the size
of Connecticut with tiny strip of sea
coast ON the Adriatic sandwiched in
between Albania and Austria-Hun-
gary's recently acquired province of
Bosnia. Montenego's population is
81, 900
RoUMANIA-It lies to the northeast
of the other Balkan states, one arm
reaching up between Russia and Aus
tria- Hungary Roumania has 6000,N00
persons scattered over 5,S9G square
miles. So far it has remained neutral,
although its army has already been
modified
SERvIA.-Lytng between Bulgaria and
Montenegro. Servia is the only Balkan
state with mo- seacoast. Its area is
about 1900 square miles and its popu-
lation 100000. 1t is considered less
progressive than the other states,
TURKEY II stretches from the PROV
ince Of Albania on the AdIiaic sea
across Macedonia and Thrace down
into Asia. It's population, including
Egypt and other regions nominally I'M
der the Sultaus suZerainty, is nearly
36,500,O0O The Turkish provinces alone
number 26,Oou000 inhabitants.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
SOM ETHlNG OF
SCARLET FEVER
City Health Officer DR.. Clay Writes
interesting Article on the Dis
ease.

Dr. C. E. Clay, city health officer is
thing about scarlet fever so that they
might be able to guard against the
disease. In a splendid article the
doctor says:
Il wish to call to the minds of the
public an error in the nomenclature
of a disease that is always more or
less prevalent in the cities and towns
Scarlet fever, scarlatinus febris, scar
latina. As one writer puts it scarla-
tina (scarlatinus febris UNDERSTOOD
and then goes on to describe the dis
ease The point | wish to make is
that there is wide spread opinion
or understanding that scarlatina is
not scarlet fever.
Some others think and believe that
scarlatina is a mild form of scarlet
fever. One is English and the other
Latin. and mean the same. All works
on medicine use the term scarlatina.
or scarlatinus febris, when scarlet
fever is understood.
Il wish to call attention to the fact
that scarlet fever is very contagious
maIady, and may be carried by one
person to another in the clothing, hair
etc.
Patients suffering with scarlet rev.
er are not free from contagion until
after they have completely desquimat-
ed. This is to say, not until they have
ceased to throw off scales. Therefore
patients are to be left quarantined un-
til the scaling process is completed.
"A word about quarantine: 1t means
the prevention of intercourse with peo-
pie suffering with a contagious dis
ease or with any one that comes in
contact with them. The latter more
especially applies to those infected
with desquaranating disease. All
houses in which there is a contagious
disease are tagged with card bearing
the name of the disease. That is if
they are reported to the health off
Ger. A card placed on a house means
more than to tell what is the matter
with the patient.
1T is a warning to the public that
there is danger. 1t is not TO work a
hardship upon the unfortunate, but to
protect the public. Therefore, it
shows he public to take interest in
these matters that vially concern
Them and report any cases they may
know of and are not tagged.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
BOLD ROBBERY
SATURDAY NIGHT
Thief Enters House While Occupant
is Away and steals Twenty Dol
lars, but Leaves Ten

While Mr. II S Armstrong, Of 5S9
North High street, was down town
Saturday night between 8 and 3
o'clock, some one entered his house
through a back window and stole a
20-dollar bill from his pocketbook hid
den under the carpet in his bedroom
on the second floor of the house
Mr.. Armstrong lives alone in the
house. so the thief was unmolested
during the absence of the tenant.
When the latter returned home and
went upstairs to bed he found the
carpet turned over at one place and
the bed mussed up. though nothing
else in the room was disturbed. The
thief took 500 from the purse he found
and decamped generously leaving be-
hind the purse and so that he either
overlooked or didn't want.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

rita. After GOO Turks and 400 Monte
negrins had beer killed the Turks sur
rendered.
OCT. 1J.-Thc Montenegrin army
presses on Scutarl after Il week Of sue.
oessive victories in capturing Turkish
frontier posts.
Italy and Turkey sign preliminary
,erms of peace.
OcT 1T.-Turkey declares war on Bnl
garia and Serva Servia and Greece
declare war on Turkey
OCT. 19.-Bal&an allies press on
Greeks under prearranged plan. Monte
negrins continue advance on Scutarl.
Bulgarians capture Mustafa Pasha,
which command the approach to Turk
lsh headquarters IN Adrianople. Greeks
capture Elassen Servians push toward
Uskub Turks are REINFORCED by TO-
coo Albanians.
OCT. 20.-The Commandment Of Ad-
rianopole begins
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

donia between 500 aud SIS and three
quarters of century later extended
their empire from the Adriatic to the
Black sea.
In 971 the first Bulgarian empire
was Oyerthrown by the emperor, John
ZImisces, but Bulgarian power was re
stored few years later under the
Shishman dynasty at Ochrda.
What was known as the western
Bulgarian empire" came to an end in
1914, when the Greek emperor, Basil
IL, overthrow it's rulers and took pos
session of the territory. In 1lSG new
Bulgarian power known as the "Bul-
Earo-Nluch empire" was founded by
the brothers Ivan and Peter ASen, who
had led a successful revolt of Nlachs
and Bulsars against the Greeks Nine
teen years later Constantinople was
captured by the Latius Of the fourth
crusade. and Baldwin Of Flanders was
crowned emperor The L0tins ruled
FOR tiftN-Spveu years, and then the city
was recaptured 10y Michael VIII. Pa
lseoloEus, lut most Of the Latin states
continued to exist until the Turkish
conquest
In 1880 Thodorc Of EpiruS, who had
in the meantime conquered Albania.
Macedonia and Great Wallachia, was
a'erthrown hy Ivan ASen H., the great
est of HuIsaria'S mpuarcAs. who short
~ 0ftcrWard extended his sway over
most Of the peninsula The bulgarian
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
CITIES, TOWNS, F0RTREsSEs.

ApRIANOrIF - Commanding the ap-
proach to Coustantlnople because Of its
situation in So mountain pass it is Il
point Of great strategic value. At pres
ent the Turks make it their headquar-
tiers. Since lie declaration of war the
allies have mde Adrianople the target
Of their concentrated efforts. The pop
uIatiou OF the city is ordinarily $1,000.
CUrrNJE. The capital of Montene-
gro, with 4.aul inhabitants.
ELAssEN. A town in Albania, cap.
tured by the creeks after bloody fight
ing
kirk KIIlsE.-On coast Of Thrace
twenty-five miles from Adrianpole and
reported captured by Bulgarians.
LnNos. Turkish island in Grecian
archipelago, Mockaded by Greek fleet
and now reported as occupied by
Greeks.
NAUKEIM.- Last Of the Turkish from
tier towns ola Lake Scutari, captured
by Monteuc-rins in advance on Scu-
tart
PoDGoRITzA- Headquarters Of the
Montene2yin army. King Ferdinand
and his three sons Joined the army
here and formally opened the cam
paign in Victorious attack on the
Turks. who We're forced to retire from
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

the neighboring heights.
ScUTARI.-Albanian town with Turk
ish garrison lying on the plain south
OF Lake Scutari. 1t is the principal oh
ject of the Montenegrln attack.
UsKUB.-S Strategic center for Turks In
Macedonia threatened by the Servian
army under King Peter 1t is the end
Of an important railway line from Sa.
loniki, on the Aegean sea.
Belgrade, Oct. 30.-Twenty
thousand lives were lost in the
battle at kOumanovO, according
to the official list of casualties
received here. Four hundred
Servians were killed and 1000
wounded.
The Turks with $4,000 men in
the fight lost $4,000 killed and
thousands wounded.
The Turks fled from the field
leaving their artillery.
Turks Hold Last Ditch.
VIENNA, Oct. 30.-According to ad.
vices received here from Adrianople
the fighting near that objective point
is still going on at a number of places
around the city. AS yet there has
been no decisive engagement precipi-
tated by the fighting
This is the tenth day of the fight
ing around Adrianople and it finds
the Turks with their backs to he wall
virtually lighting in the last ditch.
Turks Ready for Peace.
PARIS, Oct. 30-A report circulat-
ed in high diplomatic circles here to-
day says that Turkey is ready to sue
for peace in the Balkans. Turkey, it
is reported. is DESTROYS of retaining
what prestige she can by having the
war end before Adrianople and Silon-
ika fall into the hands of the allied
powers and before the Balkan troops
move close to Constantinople.
Defeated Prince Shot
According to a telegram received
here from the scene of the Balkan
war Prince Aziz, the commander of
the Turkish forces which surrender
ed at Kirk Killesseh, was court mar
tailed and shot for cowardiice.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

rus. Complete local government with
governors holding office for FIVE years
and elective assemblies was granted
the Turkish provinces in 1878 by ar.
ticle % of the treaty of Berlin. but
the Turks have never fulfilled this OBJ
legation Of the treaty.
BALKAN Bulgaria, Serva,
Montenegro and Greece have succeed
ed for the first time in ignoring all
petty iealousies ana uniting In their
demand that Mohammedan Turkey
shall free the Christians of Macedonia
and Epirus from oppression and perse-
cution.
MAssACREs. Recent instances of eX-
treme Turkish cruelty toward Chris
tian subjects proved to he the last
straw
AUG. l.--Kotchana massacre of 1856
Bulgarian Maecdonlans.
AUG. ID Rerana massacre in Alba
mia, pcrpetrated BY regular nizam
troops, led by their officers. Constant
persecution of Armeniaus by troops of
kurds organized and armed by the
Turks. A recent dispatch said. Every
day kilograms bring word of murders.
robberies and rapcS which take place
under the eyes of the authorities
TURKISH Seeing Turkey
weakened politically by failure of the
Young Turk party to control the Situa-
ton and drained financially by more
~.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
RECEPTION TO
DR.. GERHARDT
Function Tendered by the Pythian
Sisters at Home of Mrs. Annie
Burkhart

DuTNDdi L
As a fitting observance of the 95th
birthday of Rev Or. William Gerhardt,
which occurred Monday, the Pythian
Sisters rendered him reception that
night, the festivities lasting till early
midnight.
The reception was held at the home
of Mrs. Annie Burkhart. East John
street, a daughtre of Dr. Gerhardt
and a prominent member of the Pyth-
ian Sisters, besides, fully fifty of the
members We're present including a
couple from out of town, and de-
lightful time was spent. The veneer
able guest of honor was in high spir-
its and entered into the full enjoyment
of the occasion. OF course he had TO
make a speech, and this was feature
of the evening. He spoke mostly in
the humorous vein and greatly pleas
ed the ladies'. He naturally referred
to the fact that he is both the first and
oldest Knight of Pythias in Yves Nir-
ginia.
Music was furnished by Miss Grace
Swartz, violin; Mr. John Darlington,
cornet, and Mr.. Alti See, piano They
played a number of very pleasing Sc
lections.
Bounteous refreshments of ice
cream. cakes, coffee and ruit were
served, and it was a late hour when
good-nights We're said all expressing
the hope that DR., Gerhardt might be
onorad m pa1abrata still another an
niyersary of his birthday,
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01


III war. is rich in history. Its an
nails date back to the third cen
fury, when the great Slavonic invasion
began. At the beginning of this move
meut the byzantine empire was In ac-
tual possession Of all that territory ly-
ing south Of the Danube. The Thra-
clans. who peopled the peninsula be-
fore the coming of the Slays, took ref
uge in the mountains and for several
centuries We're lost to history. In Al
bania the original Illyrian element
maintained itself in the mountains and
eventually forced back the immigrant
race. Slavonic place names still exist
ing in every portion of the peninsula
bear witness to the multitude of the
invaders and the permanency of their
settlements.
During the sixth century the Slavs
penetrated to the Morea, where Sla-
vonic dialect was spoken as late as the
fifteenth century.
Early In the seventh century the
Serbo-C roats invaded the northwestern
regions Seryia. Croatia, Montenegro,
Bosnia and northern Albania-and
drove out or assimilated the lllyrian
population. They appropriated all Of
the old Roman colonies on the Adriatic
coast.
About 100 years later the Bulgars,
Turanian race crossed the Danube,
subjected the Slavs of Moesia and
Thrace, but were soon assimilated by
the conquered population which had
already become partly civilized.
Led by their car Krum, the Bulgars
invaded Adrianople and central Mace
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
LEADERS.


FERDINAND. king of Bulgaria, most
prominent of the Balkan leaders SO far
in the struggle; fifty-one years old; Of
the Saxe-Coburg family; has ruled
since 1911.
GEORGE l., king of Greece, sixty
seven years old member of the Dan
ish royal family; elected king of the
Hellenes in 1868.
NICHOLAS l.. king of Montenegro
seventy-one years old; proclaimed
prince in 1860 to succeed his uncle; as
sumed title Of king in 1910
PETER L., king Of Servia, siXty-eight
years old; succeeded to throne after
the murder Of King Alexander in 1903
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
Turkey.

EssED PASTA, in command at Scu-
tart
GHAzr MUKHTAR PASTA, grand vi
zler of Turkey; veteran Of Crimean and
Russo-Turkish wars
KfAML PAsHA, the grand old man"
Of Turkish politics; thrice grand vizier
snd now president Turkish council.
MAHMUD MUKurAR PAsHA. son OF
the grand vizier. important army com
mauder,
sultan MoHANNWp V, siytyeight
wears Old, chosen sultan upon depoSi
ton Of Abdul Hamtd in 1903
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

Photo by American Press Association.
PRINCE COUSTENEsE, IN CHARGE OF ROC-
NANIA's AVIATION CORPS
to be called, have materially hindered
the growth and development Of the
Balkan nations Many prominent Bal
kan statesmen have proclaimed com
bination which would enable the states
TO offer united resistance TO foreign in
terferenoe. but the union was never
perfected
Some If the wisest statesmen Of Eu-
rope are predicting that the long dream
OF coalition If the Christian Balkan
states will be realized as a result Of
abe resent trouble.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
OF THE
BALKANS
War Cloud Has Always Hung
Over Peninsula That Is
Rich In History.
brought no territorial changes.

brought no territorial changes.
The great breakup took place in
1864. BY the treaty Of San Stefano,
concluded that year the Turkish pos
sessions in the peninsula were re-
duced TO Albania, Eplrus, Thessaly
and the southern part OF Thrace. A
large Bulgarian principnlity was ere
ated. extending from the Danube to
the Aegean and from the Black sea to
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
ARMIES.


THE BULGARIAN ARMY has a most
formidable reputation among military
experts for superior organization, ar
mameut and spirit
THE RoUMANGAN ARMY, which ranks
next in number, has taken no active
part beyond modifying, and Rouma-
MAS attitude in the struggle is not yet
defined
The MoNTENEGRIN ARMY. which is
the smallest of the five armies, is gen
orally considered almost inyincible,
since the MonteneGrins have succeed
ed in maintaining their country's indie
pendence for centuries. Every male
MontencSrin is liable to military sery-
ice from his eighteenth birthday for II
period of forty-live years
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
EARLY APPLES

Growers desiring to market any var
ieties of apples in refrigerator car lots,
will please communicate promptly
with the Exchange.
WILLIAM CAMPBELL, Mgr.
Virginia Fruit Exchange
S-D-7-19-tf Charles Town, w. Va.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
CAUSES OF OUTBREAK.

AuTovoNY.- The Independent Balkan
states bordering on Macedonia demand
autonomy for that state and for Epi-
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
WEST VIRGINIA
LEADS IN FRUIT
AND DA|RY|NG
Certain Sections Have Given
State Wids Aeputation.
WHAT is BEING DONE
ALONG THESE LINES

Widely Known Throughout the
Country-certain Sections of State
Peculiarly Adapted to the Fruit
Business But All for the Dairy.
West Virginia is not only famed as
one of the richest coal and oil pro-
ducing and manufacturing states, but
as the home of the largest and most
successful peach orchards in the
world, according to bulletin publish
ed by the Department of Agriculture,
in which the agricultural advantages
of the state are splendidly set forth.
Regarding the fruit growing indus
try and its possibilities in West Vir-
ginia, the bulletin says
THE commercially developed apple
regions of the state include portions
of Berkeley, Jefferson and Morgan
counties, in the eastern Panhandle,
Hancock county. in the northern Pan
handle; small areas in Greenbrier and
Monroe counties on the southeast;
the southern half of Mason county, on
the west; and very small area in
Lewis county, near the center of the
state. The area OF good undeveloped
apple-producing regions is not less
than 20 times as great as that already
developed, and a still larger area is
likely to prove valuable for this pur.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01

If you want the news when it is
news, read The Statesman-D Democrat.
Martinsburg statesman-democrat. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1906-1921, 1912-11-01
TROUBLES
RESTLESS
International Jealousies Hin
dered Their Growth and
Development.

"HE Balkan peninsula, which Is
being swept by the rayages OF
III war. is rich in history. Its an
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1912-07-05
RACES AZ can. DRESS
To IN HIiD UIN I.-aO.

Preparations for tba Childress
County Fair are steadily going for
sara The manager. are having a
large amount OF work done on the
grounds aaa buildings New stalls
have been erected while ail the build
iuss have been o.-rhauled ana pat
IN tirst-,lass condition
Az present there are some forty or
fifty horses on the grounds. while
as many more are expected during
the next week The horses are
among the best in the Southwest.
which insures a. fine racing a. can
be seen a. ans place Ia Texas Or Ok
lahoma The purses are large enough
20 tempt 'hr owners 10 come. while
the track Is one OF the best IN the
state
The concessions Tor attractions
have been disposed OF. and the see
rotary says the outside attractions
NhAN ff.aA y III w NlfhAfl Juan w INe
past There will be something doing
all the time, So that there will not
De a dun minute from the beginning
20 the end OF the fair
The management invites the pub
De Nth the knowledge that they are
ia a position 20 give a. good racing
as there Will be- In the state this year.
and they are sure that any and an
N1o come viii De- perfectly satisfied
'tfu The fair
THURSDAY try - has been set
aside FOR 'br ois barbecue Chudress
is prepariu- 20 feed 10000 people
that iay This barbecue has grown
Coz ue the largest annual barbecue
held iu Texas. aud alone is worth
going miles to attend
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1912-07-05
RENEW AGITATION
FOR !. N. {. A.

So alton Is on boxing 20 th- 81.
ft1I.sfmeHt of "a s. " C. A. in Ana.
ru1. THE ls nos the first time
taa fI- uble has been mentioned
bag number Of Interested parflcs
ie lara thar .l- time D.. ripe for the
planting ~ such work .a Amarillo
There BE- 30 gymnasium Boz Amarillo
worthy %. fn- name. outside OF th.
schools. ana tAa public through GER.
cain individuals 1as expressed a a..
Sire for more extended facilitiss
p 10 fa.s time there has been DO
actually shaping influences brougtt
20 bear .u conusction with the agi-
,atiou. bur r. Us e1p-ctrd thar this
all come within a reasonably shor
time. provided those no m1k.r- DO.
rlal Investigation reach o Response
s.h a. Is expected
u the plans prove a..l Yl-ls.u-
70 q sufficient number OF persons
% s hoped % install reading rooms
q muasIum. baths aud other lttra
Use features .0. tf- entertainer
dcvelopmeu, and -d.f.1fDH Jf tr.
1unsrr men of .h- ...
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1912-07-05
I University Topics Discussed.

London, July With Lord RAY.
leigh. chancellor OF the University of
Cambrideg. presiding. the Congress
OF the Universities OF the Empire this
morning engaged In a discussion of
university entrance requirements and
the mutual recognition OF entrance
tests Viscount Haldane. chancellor
ot the University OF Bristol and who
recently succeeded Earl Loreburn as
Lord High Chancellor OF Great Brit
ain. occupied the chair al the after
noon session. when university extern
sion and tutorial class work formed
principal subject Of discussion