davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
SENT CLIPPINGS
T0J.J. NJ NAMARA
Three Defendants in Dynamite Trial
Admit Keeping Secretary Ad-
vised Of Explosions.
TELL OF CORRESPONDENCE

Indianapolis. Ind. Dec. 11.-Three of
fOrtg-one defendants in the dynamite
conspiracy testified in their own be-
half in the Federal Court to-day. They
were local business agents for the Iron
Workers, NJ. ]. Cunnane, OF Philadel-
phia; Frank K. Painter, of Omaha, and
John H. Barry. of st. Louis.
Cunnane and Painter both admitted
sending clippings of explosions in their
jurisdiction to J. J. Mcnamara, not be-
cause they thought J. ]. was a dyna-
miter or because they were in the dyn-
Rmiting game themselves, but because
they Thought ]. J. would be interested
In the clippings, merely as a matter Of
news"
Barry was a member of the Interna-
tional Iron Workers executive board
from 1903 to 1909 Barry also was a men,
Der Of the auditing committee appointed
several times to audit the accounts
which the government, by the introduc-
ton Of the accountants themselves, has
shown to contain a record of many
checks from the union to J. J. McNa-
mara for organizing purposes" Barry
said that he never saw. while auditing
the books any Of these large amounts
to ]. J. Mcnamara, nor did he recall
that the executive board had given the
money TO mcnamara.
Cunnane was asked and said he would
produce letters written to him by ]. ].
Mcnamara after he had been jailed in
California in April, 1911. Cunnane ad-
mitted Mcnamara wrote him in refer
ence to a nonunion job that later was
jynamited, as follows:
Did Not Understand Letters.
Use the fund CS4OO from the Interna-
tional to CUnnanes local. in any manner
found to be most effective in delaying
or adding to the cost OF the work. This
work will be given attention in an inter
national way, but you, too. must hamper
the work in every way on your own &C
count
Cunnane said he did not just under
stand what Mcnamara meant in some
OF his letters, but that he supposed and
acted upon the supposition that McNa-
mara meant him to use every legitimate
method OF hampering the nOnunion jobs
Painter admitted writing Mcnamara
about there being mo police protection
within ten blocks of the street railway
power house which McManigal later blew
up on J. Us instructions Painter admit
ted sending J. J. a clipping of this eXplo-
sion the day after it occurred.
Barry, on CrOss-eXaminatiOn, said he
did not, as a member of the auditing
committee. try to find out what the
money expended was paid out for in spe-
cific instances
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
SIR THOMAS Upton
COMMENTS ON TOLLS

New Orleans, La. Dec. u--Despite the
vociferous roars ofA the British lion for
the same toll against American vessels
passing through the Panama Canal as
that imposed upon foreign craft. Sir
Thomas Upton is OF the opinion that the
entente cordiale win not be broken.
England IS endesvoring to drive the
best bargain she can" said Sir Thomas
before his departure for Atlanta to-day.
In doing so some of its public men are
resorting TO jingoism. 1 think. however,
that when the question is settled the de-
sire Of theiAmerican government to favoG
its own shipping will prevail. When the
matter Is adjusted both sides viii shake
hands, like the parties to a horse trade,
and the best Of feeling will prevail.
This country owns the canal and has a
right TO benefit over foreign nations
through that ownership"
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
GOING TO PHILADELPHIA.
Rev. Fed II. COpp VIII Remove with
Family Next Tuesday.

Rev. Zed Hetzel Copp. who has accept
cd a call to the Cohocksink Presbyterian
Church. OF Philadelphia, will remove to
that city. with his family. next Tuesday
Mr.. Copp ramc to Washington about
twelve Yeas ago from Dayton. Ohio.
where he was pastor of the First Breth-
rem Church with marked success, and
from which he resigned on account or
iIl-heaIth. He was received into the
Washington Presbytery in 1910, and
served as pastor Of Bethany Chapel. He
was also Chief Probation Officer under
the District government.
He is a native VirEinian. having taught
in her public schools. His experience as
pastor is confined 10 Hagerstown, Md:
Ashland, and Dayton. Ohio. and Wash
ington. His work here as public adviser
and professional parent, stamp him as of
striking originality.
The church to which he goes is an old
established congregation. organized in
1870 II has a magnificent church edifice.
So ating about 1000 persons. handsomely
furnished, artistically finished. and ad-
situated. His installation as
pastor will take place on December 10.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
NARDARs BECOME CHRISTIANS.
Lowest Order of People in India
Also Learning New Trades

bomnay tOITaEFu0dence New 1oTk sun
Rev. DR.. F. E. Jeffrey, Of the American
board. who is here. SAYS that the most
remarkable success is attending the work
OF Christian missionaries among the Mar
dars OF Southern India, and that the
propa ganda is spreading rapidly among
all the poorer people of the vast region.
The Nardars especially are coming by
hundreds to the Christian churches and
asking to be enrolled as converts.
The traditional occupation Of this
caste. according TO the missionary. is to
climb the palm tree. cut the flower bud
hang pot on the bud stem. catch the
juice. ana make it into a sugar or keIi.
the native beer. Because OF the low
scale of their work the Nardars have
been long imposed on by the Brahmins
not even being allowed to worship in the
temples; but since the advent Of the
mission houses, where they are well
coined. they have not only forsaken their
old beliefs, but are engaging in mercan-
tile pursuits and agriculture.
These material advanCements, says Mr.
Jeffrey. have been potent in spreading
the fame OF Christianity to other tribes
and castles.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
TALKS ON GRAPHIC ART.
Paul BrOckett Describes STAGE. I'm
Making of n Book.

Paul Brockett. of the Smithsonian In
stitution, president of the District of
Columbia Library Association, gave an
address at the Public Library last night
upon THE Graphic Art" The lecture
was given under the auspices OF the IL
brary association.
Mr.. Brockett described the different
stages Of the making of book. He
sketched briefly the evolution of the art
CT printing, and spoke of the perfection
of modern inventions which have reyolu-
tionized this industry. He also touched
upon the attendant arts in bookmaking
tracing the process through all its stages
until the finished product is placed he
fore the people. His talk was illustrated
with lantern slides
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
HistorIc Hotel Rurnn

Long Branch. y. Y, Dec 1.-THE How
land House. built in the early '40s and
closed for the last eight years, was de-
stroycd by fire tonight. The building
was unoccuPed. being a rendezvous for
tramps. 1t is believed that 1t was set on
fire. No insurance was carried on the
old structure. which in its GAY was the
fashionable hotel along the Jersey coast.
The old hosiery was built by the late
Henry Rowland. Hundreds OF visitors
night.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
FIND ALLEGED MURDER FARM
Lansing Police ENcaVnte in Cellar
of Boarding House.

Lansing. Mich. Dec. 11.-POliCe to-
day are digging in the cellar OF the
boarding house conducted by Mrs.
Mary Lucas here for traces of persons
believed to have died like victims Of
Mrs. Belle Guinness. who conducted a
murder farm" near LoCkport, Ind.
Mrs. Lucas confessed that she had
murdered Mrs. Pauline Fingle. one of
her boardcrs. and the police have learned
of other mysterious disappearances.
They began an excavation in the cellar
OF the woman's home. searching for the
body Of Carl Miller. contractor from
Fort Scott. Nebr.. who paid attention
to the woman and then disappeared.
They found some clothing and a quantity
of quicklime.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
GOING TO DISTANT LANDS.
Party of Six Missionaries will
Leave the CanitaI To-day.

A party Of four women and two men
will leave Takoma Park to-day for diff
ferent countries in South America,
where they are going as missionaries for
the Ssventh-day Adventist denomination.
Those in the party will be Mr.. and
Mrs. J. f. Brown. of Eldorado, Kans. ;
Miss Frankie Stout, of College View,
Neb.. and Miss Audrey Murphy, OF La
fayette, Ind, all of whom have taken
their final preparations at the Washing
ton Foreign Mission Seminary, and Mr..
and Mrs William KRISTEN.
Mr.. and Mrs. Brown will go to Brazil,
where he will engage in evangelistic
endeRvor; Misses Stout and Murphy will
go to Montevideo, Uruguay, where they
will nurse, and Mr.. and Mrs KRISTEN
will go to Buenos Ayres, Argentina,
where Mr.. KRISTEN will have charge Of
the printing of the UNCONVENTIONAL pa
pers published there.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
GUESTS OF LOCAL BOARD.
ChicnEO Educators Entertained Mt
Banquet ut the Raleigh.

Members OF the Chicago Board of Edu-
cation and the superintendent Of schools
Of that city, Mrs. Ella Flagg Young. were
the guests of the local Board of Educa-
ton at a banquet in the New Raleigh
last night
DR.. William NJ. Davidson. superintend-
ent OF schools. was POSTMASTER Ad-
dresses were made by all members OF the
visiting board, by members of the local
board. and by a. T. Stuart, formerly su-
perintendent OF schools.
The Chicago party comprises Mrs. John
MacMahOn, Henry w. HUFFMAN. J. B.
Dibelka, J. J. Stonesby, Miss Laura T.
Brayton, and ]. A FROST.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
Miss Wolf Marie. Mr.. Fo,,

New York, Dec. n.-Miss Birdie Wolf
was married to Robert R. Fox in Brook
Ign in the presence of eighteen Foxes
and thirty-one Wolfs.
Among the other guests were Mr.. and
Mrs. John Bull, William Duck, DIR. Jos
eph Sauer, and his fiancee, Miss Loretta
Sweet. The couple will live in Lyons,
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
Find wreckase of Two ships.

London, Dec. 1I.-Another sea tragedy
in the long list of MARINE accidents in
British waters in the last two days was
revealed to-day by torpedo boats which
searched the coast off Portland Bill for
definite trace OF the identity of the steam
er sunk by the Dreadnought Centurion
yesterday. wreckage Of the Greek ship
Antonio was picked up as well as debris
from the English vessel Osprey.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
COL. MANN DOING WELL.
"The Boys" in the House Gallery
Glad to Get CHEEKY Message.


The Boys in the press gallery ct the
Capitol were frightened yesterday by a
CHEEKY message from Col. Charlie" H
Mann, the veteran superintendent of the
House gallery, who is seriously i'll at
Providence Hospital. Charlie" was oper-
ated on Tuesday night. and yesterday
morning was doing well. The colonel
sent his appreciation to the gallery for
flowers sent him the night before by the
newspaper men.
Col. Mann, who has done some rough
riding in his seventy-three years, over
battIefields in the Confederate cavalry,
several years astride Pullman car, and
any number of turbulent scenes at the
Capitol. is perhaps the most widely
known and loved permanent emplOye at
the Capitol He knows more politics than
Uncle Joe Cannon, more good stories
than John Sharp Williams. and more
about the newspaper game than the aver
age correspondent.
While Col Manns illness is serious.
his friends have been given much hope
for his ultimate recovery and return to
rs old stamping ground. now presided
over by Eddie Halsey.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
Actor. wife Granted Divorce.

New York, Dec. 1.-Supreme Court
Justice Cohalan to-day granted Mrs.
Lucy Roberts, wife of Theodore Roberts.
the actor, a decree of separation and $50
a week permanent alimony. The Court
remarked that Mr.. Roberts abandoned
his wife two wears ago without cause
and that he has since remained away
from her in disregard OF his marital re-
iations. He has earned $50 q week. but
claims now to be working for $40 week.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12

proposed increase OF the tax on real
estate.
The tenants. hearing OF the meeting.
organized a formidable attacking party
and stOrmed the building. shouting that
they must have lower rents. The owners
fought their way to the seats, and a bat
tie was in progress when the troops
appeared and dispersed the beIIigerents.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
NEW AUTO IS STOLEN.
Tourins Car, valued at $4,000, Dis
appears from the Arcade.


While Miss Grace Miller and Robert
Glendining were in the Arcade between 3
and 10 O'Clock last night thieves made
away with q new seyen-passenger tour
ing car purchased at a cost OF $,m Two
weeks ago by Miss Miller's father,
Charles H. Miller. Of 22s Tenth Street
Northeast.
Glendining. who Is private secretary TO
Mr.. Miller, escorted Miss Miller to the
Arcade and left the car In Fourteenth
Street with about nifty other machines
banked" against the curbing by auto
lists who entered the building In search
Of amusement. When Glendining left the
building he found the car had been taken.
These are all the facts which the police
have been able to learn about the theft
Detectives have been unable to md a
single clew to the identity of the auto
thieves. but an effort is being made to
locate the machine before II is damaged
1t Is feared that the car was borrowed"
for q 10y ride"
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
TO DEMONSTRATE AERoPLANE.
DIR. Christmas, Inventor. TO Show
Machine 10 Member of Congress.

DR.. William Whitney Christmas, in
ventor of the Christmas aeroplane an
nOunced yesterday that demonstrations
of his machine will be given to members
of Congress within the next few days
He said that the machine. which is
now being operated at College Park. will
be flown around the Capitol. and, II
conditions permit. landed upon the east
front sometime this week
DIR. Christmas pointed out that where
machines of other makes are going into
winter quarters the Christmas aerOpIane
has no particular season. but is just as
reliable among the icy blasts of winter
as in balmy spring breezes
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
THREE MEN PLEAD INNOCENCE
Mountaineers Held for Sending
Threatening Letters to Wilson.

Newark, n. J., Dec. 1L-Jake Dunn,
Warren Dunn, and Selley Davenport,
the three mOuntainers who are being
held in the county jail here for a hear
ing on the charge of sending a letter
TO Gov. Wilson, demanding 5000 on
pain Of death, protested their innocence
to-day in spite of determined efforts of
the authorities TO wiring a confession
from them.
The men are also charged with having
sent similar letter to H. ]. Misel Of
Dover. and Theodore King, postmaster
at Lakewood. Misel, a rich furniture
dealer, died a month ago. his family say
of worry over the Black Hand letter.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
Piles Quickly
Cured at Home
Instant Relief, Permanent Cure
Trial Package Mailed Free to
All in Plain Wrapper.
The Pyramid SMILE.

Many cases of Piles have been cured
by a trial package of Pyramid Pills
Remedy without further treatment.
When Il proves it's value to you, get
more from your druggist at soc box.
and he sure you get the kind you ask
for. Simply fill out free coupon below
and mail to-day. Save yourself from
the surgeons knife and its torture, the
doctor and his bills.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12

In addition to the admitted assets, given above,
the Company had October 81, 1912 nonadmitted
assets consisting of subscriptions the increased capital
stock and surplus amounting to $3O6OOO This Com
panys authorized capital is $1OO0OOO which is being
subscribed from day day by rated business and
property owners in the States where the Company
expanding its business.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12

Don't dose the system with a lot Of dan
gerous hehit-forming drugs. Physicians
Lemon Seidlitz,. the good ia sfiae .aiSii,s
powder. All druggists sell IL
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
SIX-DAY BIKE RACE

New York, Dec. 12-2 a. m.-Score. All
riders, 1.4S47, except Carmen and Loftes,
j, 4s46, and Sutor brothers, L{s45. Rec,
ord, LIMA
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12
TROOPS oUELL RIOTERS.
Property Owners and Tesants Bat,
tie I'm Lisbon.
bic to The washington Herald.

Special Cable to The Washington Herald.
Lisbon. Portugal. Dec. 11.-Troops were
called out here to-day to queIl rioting
by property owners and their tenants
The property owners had assembled in
a building in the aristocratic quarter to
draft resolutions Of protest against the
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1912-12-12

The Associated Players. composed OF To-
cal talent, tonight presented at the opera
house a play entitled "A Notable Out
cast" under the auspices OF Alexandria
Lodge Of Elks. Proceeds will be used
for the Elks' charity Christmas tree fund.
Robinson Moncure has purchased from
Miss Anna T. Marbury through Monroe
& Marbury, the large three-story brick
dwelling house, 413 and 4l5 Prince Street.
Mr.. Moncure intends to convert the build
ing into an apartment house next spring.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1912-12-04
90
Cabby in a Hurry.

One morning it was raining
very heavily in New York when
a wealthy merchant, on leaving
the Exchange, hailed a cab, and
asked to be driven to distant
part of the city. On the way the
merchant discovered that he had
forgotten to put his purse in his
pocket. What was to be done?
. On reaching his destination, he
got out of the cab, and said to
the driver:
will you please give me a
match? / have dropped a SIS bill
on the floor of the cab"
Instantly the cabman whipped
up his horse and soon disappear
ed round the next corner.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1912-12-04

which anyone can ever play.
He was sent all the way from
New York city to Jerusalem by
the Kalem Moving Picture Co. to
play the part of the "Child
Christ" which will be released
about Christmas.
To make the ancient customs
and manner a part of his person
atty, and to put him into the
spirit of the great story to be told
by the films in the moving pic
lures for the first time, George
HOLSTER, Jr., was made acquaint-
ed with the people, the scenes and.
the very atmosphere of Jerusalem
before the scenes in which he was
TO appear were attempted.
Though he is too young to
really realize the great role he
impersonated, or the significance
of the story in which he took part,
the little American boy knows
that when he speaks of the "Child
Christ" picture he must do it in
different voice and a different
manner from that used in discuss
ing any other picture.
Little George is probably the
greatest traveller for his age in the
business.
He was with the Kalem com
pany, which just recently return
ed to New York, all through its
ten months sojourn in Egypt, In
dia, the Holy Land, Ireland and
England.
~ - I'll II 49,
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1912-12-04

with a wonderful ear for LAM
guage. When he landed in Amer
lea, after nearly a year on the
other side; he had the Irish
brogue, the broad Scotch, the
London cockney and a mixture of
tongues he picked up in the ORR
ent at his tongues end.
Good gracious me, that boy
would have forgotten his own
language" said, a fussy little old
woman when She heard him chat
tering. lisa good thing he came
home when he did"
But George has been home sew
eral weeks and he has his own lit
tie American way of speaking as
pat as ever again.
This winter heehas gone south
to join the Kalem company at
Jacksonville, Fla.
Oh, yes, indeed You'll hear
from George, Jr:, again and very
often.
o-o-
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09
POULTRY DEPARTMENT.

VI W. GTayJ J ID. NILS,
Superintendents.
Terms: Pen-To consist of one male
Seifher cock or cockerel) and two
females (either hens or pullets). Cock
"A male bird over year old. Cock
@xel--A malo bird under L year old.
xtea-female bird over 1 year old. Pull
Tet-A female bird under year old.
Glass 1-Amerscan.
T4A Plymouth Rock, Barred, pen.
One ladies' hand bag, $3.50, by Pal
metto Drug Co.
Ms Plymouth Rock, White, pen.
1se Plymouth Rock, Buff, pair.
T47 Wyandotte. Silver, pen.
One rocking chair, $3.50, by Leverett
Furniture Co.
ma Wyandotte. Golden, pen.
149 Wyandotte, White, pen
Dinner set, 5S pieces, 8. NJ. e E. H.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09
Irrepress,bIe.

wonder what has become of the
man who was going to food the coun.
try with noiseless soup spoons?"
don't know. He seems to have
dropped out of view temporarily, but
1t is impossible to keep a ohilanthro-
pist like that down.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09
HearetfuI.

"confound it! You came within an
inch OF running me downi" exclaimed
the irate pedestrian
"Ah. me. so did" sighed the chauf.
feur. And a miss. they say. is as
good as mile. My driving Is not
what II used to be-"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09
A Thankful snlrl.

VINO can measure the worth Of n
thankful spirit? 1t sustalns and keepa
one % long after loved ones and prop.
efty are gone,-TW. H. Jordan.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09
COUNTY FAIR
PREMIUM LIST

tContinued from Page Nine.)
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1912-10-09

Owings.
I04 Best grade heifer calf under /
year old.
Merchandise, $1.O0, by Bee Hive
HOS Best pure bred cattle any other
type.
8 sacks cotton seed meal, by Lau-
rens Oil Mill.
105A Best display of cattle.
One pair Boyden shoes, $500, by
Clardy G Wilson.
SHEEP AND GOATS.
Olin S. Hill, w. p. Brown,
Superintendent.
1O6 Best pen mutton sheep.
1S lbs White Lilly flour, $1.SO, by ].
s. Bennett
JO7 Best pen wool sheep.
bushels 200 Bushel Oats, $500,
10y J. ID. Culbertson.
I0S Best pen angora goats.
1O9 Best pen milk goats.
40 Best pen native goats.
One can coffee, $1.25 Dial &c Co.
SWINE.
George Wolff, Draton Todd,
Superintendents.
Essex Hogs.
HI Best aged boar.
112 Best young boar.
113 Best boar pig.
Pet goat, $500, by j. d. w. Watts
114 Best aged SOW
l15 Best young SOW
116 Best SOW pig.
117 Best display of not less than five
Berkshire.
1l8 Best aged boar
T19 Best young boar
BERKSHIRE pig, (RegD, $3.50, by J..
ID. w. Watts
120 Best boar pig.
Merchandise. $1.5O, by e. j. Adair
12I Best aged SOW
122 Best young SOW
123 Best SOW pig.
Merchandise, $1.OO, by j. H. Finney
u Go.
524 Best display of not less than five.
One pair shoes, $4.O0. by II. Terry.
Poland China.
125 Best aged boar.
lbs Best young boar
sack of S-3-3 guano, by Ashepoo
Fertilizer Co., through Owings &,
Owings
127 Best boar pig
I28 Best aged sow.
12S Best young sow.
One can coffee $1.OO, by Edgar Todd.
13o Best sow pig.
III Best display of not less than five.
One set Military brushes, $500, by
Dodson-Edwards Drug Co.
Other Breeds.
l32 Best aged boar, any other breed.
f33 Best young boar, any other breed.
Aa4 Best boar pig, any other breed
R55 Best aged SOW, any other breed.
ASo Best young SOW, any other breed.
IJ1 Best SOW pig, any other breed.
83S Best grade SOW.
21-2 bushels Tooles prolific cotton
seed, $3.50. by l.. w. Martin.
I3S Best grade gilt
i sack of 1913 guano, by Ashepoo
Fertilizer Co, through Owngs G.
Owings
I4O Best grade SOW pig.
1 sack of 1913 guano, by Ashepoo
Fertilizer Co. through Owings &
Owings
141 Best litter pigs.
One carving set, $500, by Moseley
& Roland
142 Heaviest hog.
Best rasor $500, by Moseley G.
Roland
I4S Best display of any other breed.
145h Best display of hogs any breed.
One pair pants, 5000, by Minter Co.