davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1912-03-02
HOW TO MEASURE A RIVER
Simple Method Described for Determining
the Volume OF ANY stream.


the Volume OF Any stream.
The United States Geological Survey
frequently receives letters inquiring
FOR some simple method OF determining
the approximate flow of streams or
small rivers. IL is believed that the
following instructions may be- of some
value to those who for any reason wish
to determine the velocity or volume OF
a stream.
To ascertain the velocity OF the
stream choose a place where the chan
mel is strait ht tor 100 to 200 feet and
has nearly constant width and depth !;
lay off on the bank line 80 or 100 feet
ia length. marking each end then al
low small chips to float down the
stream. by one of the methods describ-
ed below, noting the time required for
these to traverse the distance laid off
on the bank The surface velocity in
feet per second is obtained by dividing
the distance in feet passed over by the
float by the time in seconds it takes
the float to travel this distance. The
average OF several such determination
will give the mean surface velocity of
the stream. This result multiplied by
the coefficient $50 gives very nearly
the mean velocity of the stream.
To obtain the area OF the cross sec
ton Of the stream, stretch tape from
shore to shore and take the depth of
the stream at intervals Of 2 to 8 fee.
The average of these depths may be as.
sumed as the mean depth of the stream.
This average multiplied by the total
width will give the area OF the cross
section of the stream in square feet.
The discharge is found by multiply
ing this cross section area by the mean
velocity, as obtained by the float meas
urements, the result giving the dis
charge in second feet or, in other
words, the number of cubic teet flow.
ing past the point Of measurement each
second
In determining the velocity for small
streams and when only approximate
results are desired the float is placed in |
the center of the stream only. For |
larger streams and when greater nc
,uracy is desired a tape Is stretched |
across the stream and the distance be-
ween the banks Is divided into "A mum
Der of equal spaces or sections. Floats
ire then allowed to drift down the
tream as near as possible in the center
# each of these spaces. the same nIm-
,er of floats being used for each sec.
ion The mean surface velocity is
hen assumed to be the mean Of the
urface velocities obtained for the
everal sections For each float the
distance OF it's starting point from the
light bank is recorded az indicated.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1912-03-02
PROBATE ORDER.
First publication February "a last
March o. 1919

First publication February "a las
March 0, 1912
State of Michigan.
The Probate Court for the County OF
Iron.
AT session OF said Court, helo al
the Probate Office in the city Of Crys.
tai Falls. in said County, on the 23rd
day OF February, A. ID. 1912.
Present; Hon Fred II. Abbott.
Judge of Probate.
In the Matter Of the Estate Of
Giovanni Campana. Deceased.
Rosa Campana. widow of said de.
ceased, having filed in said court her
petition praying that the .administra-
tion OF said estate be granted to Fer
dinando Campana or to some other
person.
TT IS ORDERED. That the 18th day
Of March A. %. 1912, at ten O'Clock in
the forenoon, at said probate office,
be and is hereby appointed for hearing
said petition
1T IS FURTHER ORDERED. That
public notice thereof be given by pub.
LEGATION OF a copy of this order, for
three successive weeks previous TO said
day of hearing. IN the Diamond Drill.
a newspaper printed and circulated in
said county.
Fred II. Abbott.
Judge OF Probate.
irnn onnV
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1912-03-02

You can say goodbye TO con stipation
with clear conscience If you use
hamberlain Tablets. Many have
been permanently cured by their use.
For sale bS Sam Bridges.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
School Rules.

The Chicago health department,
has issued special bulletin on the
eve Of the opening of the public
schools of Chicago on How to be
Happy in School" Some extracts
from the bulletin are given below
and should be observed by every
school child.
Fresh air makes the mind bright
and makes learning easy.
Don't shut out the sunshine,
teacher. Flood the room with sun,
shine, its Gods best germ destroyer
Never put pencils or pens in your
mouth. The last mouth they were
in may have been diseased.
For the same reason never SWAP
candy, chewing gum or apples. Its
a dirty and dangerous thing to do.
Keep clean. Soap is your good
friend. Treat your stomach right.
Eat very little candy and what little
you do eat be sure that it is pure.
Don't run to school, especially
after eating. Start early 80 thai
you will not be obliged to run.
Love your teacher. 1t will make
you cheerful and happiness is th'
road to health.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Corner Stores Millinery Parlor.

+ tie busiest and at the
sa ~. nv. one of the most beaut!-
fu! as IN Edgetield is the Cor
,r stores annex, where the an
~ %Il millinery opening is being
,eI Hra. Kate Cunningham not
only receives all callers very
.raeton-Iy but takes especial deligh;
,aowing them through the al
oc- endless display of stylish hats
anc trimmings. Being a southern
IL and having had nnmber OF
V, "a OF experience in the nearby
:i.y of Augusta, Mrs. Cunningham
knows how to please the moss ex.
acting and most fastidious taste
This particular departmental de-
partments in fact-of She Corner
Store was never better equipped
than it is as present. There are all
shapes, all sizes and all colors oi
hats, together with all kinds OF
stylish trimmings. which will en-
able Mrs. Cunningham to suit al
who call. A cordial reception viii
be extended to every one who visits
the millinery parlor.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

public. If they have an idle mule,
horse or dry COW, send them to him
with a small sum and he VII take
care of them for you. ,Ee hope
this will be the bneinn Z nt stock
raising III this country
Messrs. D. w. Sh { ..
have added another {. III :.
NJ. Damson OF Fa!. te Z
bright young fellow an ii
him well. This large G"l ~. ont
store is now full OF pretty goods,
and the men and their clerks are
kept busy.
Mr.. w. H. Reynolds is remodel
ing his home and when it is finished
it will be very comfortable for the
winter.
Our school opened last week with
Mrs. Bradley as teacher. This is
her third term with us. Though
pouring down rain on the opening
day, almost every pupil answered TO
roll call. We hope all will report
in few days. The trustees will
SO on install piano in the music
room of the new building and our
girls will be taught music.
DR.. B. T. Sharpton will soon go
to take up his third year at the med
ical college in Atlanta.
G. D. Minis was in our town a
few days ago, looking well, He
has the road fever bad and we think
the only cure for him is to help him
get better roads.
Mrs. V. S. Mare is visiting her
mother, Mrs. Matsie Rich.
Mrs. E. L. Fou;he entertained
few of her friends few days in
honor of her cousins, Miss Harley
and Mrs. Bailey. They both said
they felt like they were visiting the
mountains, being from the Hat
country.
Miss Ethel Hughes is still with
us and we are glad to have her, be-
cause she is a ray of sunshine every
time you meet her. She never meets
a stranger. To meet her is to know
her and love her.
Clark's Hill, S. G.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Clark's Hill News.

This morning the rain is still fall
ing on our hay and while cotton
picking is almost at stand still
and so is ginning, our cotton so wet
when it gets to the gin that it is al.
most impossible to gin it, but Mr..
Cotton Factor and Mr. Banker say
come on with it, so here we go.
Mr.. w. P. King who has charge
of the farmers ginnery here has
lately installed fine gasolene en-
gine and it certainly gives beautiful
service when the cotton is dry.
Mr.. R. H. Middleton, one of our
long-sighted young farmers, has
been very busy for the past week
putting in rape, barley and rye for
a cover crop on his hills and to have
something green for his large herd
of Berkshires to Craze upon next
pring. He was the first to lead
out in sowing oats. He has put in
a good many. He prepared his
land with a 3-horse disk plow and
put them in with drill. Mr.. Mid
dleton has solved The problem for
us to begin making large corn crops.
A few years ago some one asked
some of our people why we did not
make more corn and grind in meal.
And the reply was the mills are so
far away from US, it costs more to
have it ground than to buy meal.
So Mr.. Middleton said some
time ago that he would not stand it
any longer. So he went forward
and ordered one of the latest i'm
proved grist mills and has installed
it in one of his barns near the
house. 1t is run by a gasolene
traction engine which he purchased
last summer. The mill is giving
meal of the best quality and grits
for the table like our grand fathers
used to make lie grinds every Sat
urday and each day brings more
corn. Now, Mr.. Farmer, plant all
the corn you want next year and
Bob" will do the rest. Mr.. Mid
dleton also has very fine bermuda
pasture that is now ready for the
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Money Sharks Should Not bo Tolerated

Edgeheld has a few parasites in the
form of town "bleeders" men who get
everything possible out Of the town
and its people without giving one pen
ny in return by way of bearing the
common burdens of lie community, but
Edgefeld is fortunate in not being af-
flicted with money sharks or loan Offices
that extort the most exorbitsnt rates OF
interest from the poor and unfortunate
of both races. Spartanburg is sorely
afflicted with parasites of this form,
and the wonder is the. so progressive
and enlightened 9 ccr nunity has allow
ed these conscience'ess men to oppress
the poor uninterru,, .ly for so long a
time.
The following -.arhs from the
Spartanb-: Jou,1-l concerning the
sharks su !. to what unreasonable
lengths the sreed of these men has
gone:
"There is one institution in Spartan
burg which has capital stock Of $500.
BY lending this amount of money and
charging the outrageous rates ofinter-
est, this concern is able to pay the
manager salary of S18 per week and
collector SIS per week. This is in ad-
dition to the revenue netted the man
who put the original $500 and who gets
about $3.50 per month or 81 1900 per
year income from the original invest
ment of $500. These are facts, cold
bare facts.
"It was stated in this paper yester-
day afternoon that the sharks charged
their victims SLAB month interest on
a loan of SIS. The Journal this morn
ing was informed that the rate in Spar
tanburg is not s1.40 per month or
S67,2O per year, or a good deal over
1000 per cent.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04


Generally speaking, without know
ing the merits of the contention of
strikers, our sympathy iswith the men
who allege that they are not being fair
lly dealt with by this or that corpora
:tion, but when lawlessness and violence
are resorted to by strikers, endanger-
ing life and destroying property, then
we can go no further with them. 1t
should not be necessary to order out
troops to settle labor and capital differ
ences in our southern cites. There
should beno occasion for armed forces
other than the regular police force Of o
city.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
An Official With a Backbone.

It's fine thing nowadays in South
Carolina to have Comptroller General
whose anatomy is supplied with a good,
strong backbone, to sit as the watch
dog of the treasury. When warrant
that bears the marks of graft or has
about it an unsavory odor is presented
to Comptroller General Jones for q
draft on the state treasurer he makes
bold to hold it up, it matters not If it
bear the autograph of so high and
mighty parsonage as the governor
himself. Hurrah for that backbone of
General Jones! 1t is an impregnable
bulwark against Irregularities and
graft.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Rendering Valuable Service.

When the act was passed by the leg
isla ture esta blishing the insurance de-
pa rtment some questioned the wisdom
of creating new Office, but the valua-
BILE service which Insurance Commits
sioner McMaster has rendered from
time to time has proven that his Office
supplies great need. Too large 9
sum is annually invested by the people
Of South Carolina in insurance for them
to be entirely at the mercy of insurance
com panies, chiefly foreign companies,
with no one specifically charged with
guarding their interests.
Commissioner NcMaster has not hes
itated to enforce a compliance with tho
insurance laws Of this ate BY all con
panies, whether dcr.e estic OF torsign.
His policy of er"cura' ins ance
companies to inves, 2or. : nar.
plus funds in South Carol. has
been helpful to ou- pe@..:::. ant oubt.
less, as shown by the f. owl ..'I:c
from q letter which he Mt 'tSote
to the Equitable Arsuro S. .ty o.
New York, Mr.. McMaster vii get h,
the means Of accomplishing more aion.;
this line:
'Ibelieve no greater good can be
done to South Carolina than to put il
within the power Of the farmers Of chi,
state to get long time loans allow rates
Of interest, and can but feel that il
is the duty Of the management Of all
life insurance companies licensed in
this state to inform themselves fully
Of conditions in the state, and if they
make farm loans anywhere, to make
them in South Carolina. / trust that
your company will investigate the con.
dition Of the farming interests Of this
state and that you will not content
yourself with making farm loans in
the West"
If large New York life insurance
companies are making long term loans
to Western farmers, why should they
not also favor South Carolina farmers?
It is possible, however, that present
political conditions in this state do not
look we'll to outside investors. Instead
Of lending enchantment, it is probable
that distance aggravates the situation.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Should Pay What Property is Worth.


While our laws provide for condemn
ing property il order that an enterprise
which W. promote the public good
may not ae booked, yet in no instance
should - groperty become the pos
session , iraiyiiual or corporation
which e the condemnation pro-
ceedires fpl value has been rem
dered the
Elsewhere II ..'s issue will be found
an eloquent appeal from a lady who re-
sides in the lower part OF the county
who owns property along the Savannah
where water power is being developed
by wealthy capitalists. The Advertiser
is not informed as to the value Of this
land, nor are we informed as to what
prices have been paid for land already
purchased by this large corporation,
but in matters of this kind both par
ties at interest should be reasonable in
their demands. On the one hand, those
who desire to acquire the property
should not threaten recourse to the law
in order to enforce sale or intimidate
the holders of the property; on the
other hand, property owners, realizing
that an incoming corporation must ac-
quire their property in order to carry
to completion a contemplated enter
pr Use, should not be unreasonable in
fixing a price for their property.
AS this land along the Savannah,
owing to the increase in population and
steady development Of the South's re-
sources, grows more and more valuable
year by year. its present owners should
not be required to sellunless fully COM
pensated for it. A voluntary sale and
an enforced sale are two different prop
ositions, and will be SO regarded by
arbiters in matters of this kind.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Everyone deplores very deeply the
loss of life in Augusta at the hands OF
the troops, and yet had not the strong
arm of the military forces been invok-
ed at the crucial moment the shedding
of human blood would doubtless have
been tenfold greater. If restoring Or
der out of chaos makes the spilling OF
human blood necessary, it is far better
that it be shed by constituted authori-
ty, whether military or civil, than by
mob that is temporarily bereft of rea'
son.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Scientists tell us that with the con-
tinued improvement of sanitary eondi-
tionssand continued advance of medical
science before many more centuries
pass the length of human life can be
increased to 200 years. If the cost OF
living is to continue to rise also would
this longevity be blessing or curse?
It's all right to be coupon clipper for
200 years but to exc out a beggarly ex-
istence for twenty decades is something
else.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Speak of the fair as OUR fair; not
YOUR fair or THEIR fair. Take q
personal interest in the enterprise and
feel personally responsible for its sue
cess.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Registered Jerseys.

I offer for sale two mature COWS
and half dozen or more heifers two
wears and under. Also one male calf.
J. u. Kemp,
1o-2-at. Kirksey, S. c.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Should not a limit for the maximum
height of "skyscrapers" be fixed? Be
fore the Woolworth building is yet COM
pleted in New York, rising to height
of S65 feet, there is already talk of
erecting one that will pass the 1000
feet mark.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

The politicians, county, state. and
national. have been talking all the
summer about the paramount issue.
Well, the PARAMOUNT issuein Edge
field Just now is the COUNTY FAIR.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

The mayor and chamber of commerce
of Columbia declined to join the ottl-
cials of the National Corn Exposition
in an invitation to Col. Theodore Roose-
velt to deliver IN address during the
corn exposition. Good for Columbia
and her officials!
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
In Sad Plight.

Governor Blease refers to our courts
as judicial oligarchy, the strength OF
which is broken. The courts of this
country are the great champions of the
constitution and therefore the friend
of the masses. The supreme court OF
South Carolina is one of the few things
in our state government to which we
can point with unalloyed pride because
of it's record. But now the governor
would have outsiders believe that 1t
also is rotten.-Greenville News.
Any state is in sad plight when Its
chief executive refers to the courts as
a "judicial oligarchy," causing the
masses to lose respect for the judicial
department Of the government.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

And still the wonder grows as to who
will win The Advertisers gold in the
corn contest. There will be three
lucky farmers. Who can name them9
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

The fair may fare fairly we'll with
out your support but you, particularly
if YOU are a farmer, need the beneficial
effects of the fair.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Fall Teachers Examina-
tion.

The next regular teachers exami-
nation will be held Friday, October
4, 1912, beginning at 9:3O a. M,
and closing at $50 p. m.
w. w. Fuller,
Co. Supt. Ed.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Begin now to implore the weather
man to give US fair weather for the
fair.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Entered as second class matter at
She postofice at Edgefeld, 5. Z.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER, 2, 1912.

If YOU are failing to talk up the fair
YOU are falling short of your duty.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
i
Current Comment

! Current Comment :
s..s.-s..s. i
Treat Him Kindly.
Don't kick your 'possum dawg
around-you will need him soon. n.--Green-
vile News.
That 'possum ''dawg" will help re-
duce the high cost of living.
"Truf Too"
# only the watermelons would hold
out through the cotton picking season,
there wouldn't be so much trouble
about getting hands into the fields
Charleston Post.
A late crop of melons will be pro-
vlded next season.
After The Moose.
Governor Wilson shows a distinct in
clination-to say keen desire-to come
to close quarters with the Bull Moose.
Look out for yourself, Moose. Char
les On Post.
Gov. Wilson will lasso the Moose on
November
Key to Conjugal Bliss.
The way to live happily though
married, is to keep your eyes tightly
closed-stop cotton in your ears-keep
your mouth shut and your pocket
book open.-Greenville News.
Ye married men, do not fail to COM
nit the foregoing lines to memory.
Soldiers Must Obey Orders.
The Augusta strike has served to put
people on notice that when the militia
is on riot duty, it is equipped with ball
and not blank cartridges. s.-Columbia
Record.
People Unjust learn too that when q
soldier is on guard duty and is ordered
to fire he must fire.
Some Big Universities.
Columbia University has enrolled
IL, 800 students at the opening. 1t is
third in the list Of the great schools Of
the world. Paris has 1852, and Ber-
lin University IA, 14,543.-Spartanburg
Journal.
One of these big universities is larg-
er than all colleges in South Carolina
put together.
Another Liberty Gone.
One by one the long cherished liber-
ties Of men are disappearing. A His
souri, Judge has said that chewing to-
bacco in bed is ample grounds for a
wife to secure divorce. e.-Greenvllle
News.
You can dissertate upon States and
dilate upon woman's rights but mems
rights are rapidly disappearing.
Stamp 1t Out.
The students Of Newberry college
have voluntarily met and declared
against hazing. Where students will
cooperate in a matter of this kind they
can do more than the faculty: While
hazing is not prevalent at Furman,
nevertheless it would have good NOR
al effect for the student body to place
their taboo unon it.-Greenville News.
Hazing has served its day in college,
life. Away with it.
Damage Suit in Order.
A Philadelphia woman has been ia
ken to hospital because she is unable
to stop talking. To our weak mind that
would seem to argue that she was IN
normal condi ion.-Greenville News.
This loquacious female is entitled to
damages for being taken bodily to a
hospital while tin q perfectly normal
condition.
In Sad Plight.
Governor Blease refers to our courts
rs a judicial oligarchy, the strength of
which is broken. The courts of this
country are the great champions of the
constitution and therefore the friend
of the masses. The supreme court of
South Carolina is one of the few things
in our state government to which we
can point with unalloyed pride because
of it's record. But now the governor
would have outsiders believe that it
also is rotten. News.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Published every Wednesday in The
Advertiser Building at S1.5O per year
in advance.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04
Some Big Universities.

Columbia University has enrolled
IL, 800 students at the opening. 1t is
third in the list Of the great schools of
the world. Paris has 1852, and Ber-
lin University 14,543.-Spartanburg
Journal.
One Of these big universities is larg-
er than all colleges in South Carolina
put together.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

No communications will be published
unless accompanied by the writer's
name.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1912-10-04

Cards of Thanks. Obituaries. Resolu-
tions and Political Notices puollsneo at
advertising rates.