Arizona republican., 1912-02-11
NEW WORKS WATER SUPPLY.

More than l20 miles above New York City. in the heart of the Cat
 skill mountains, electricity is digging
 a giant aqueduct which. when com , Tleted. will deliver 250 million gal Ions of water each day to thirsty | New Workers. This mammoth aque- duct will pass under two rivers. q lake and two arms of the sea and ! i. is being constructed largely by ] electric power.
 At Ashokan. Prdttsville. Franklin ten, Napanoch and Oak Hill. high in 1 the mountains. large reservoirs are being constructed These will all be connected by a concrete and steel aqueduct. Four creeks and their wa ter sheds constitute the source O. supply. the Schoharie the EsOpIs. the
 RoundOut and the Catskill. In the valley of the Esopus the monster
 reservoir is now under construction.
 Schoharie Creek will be diverted by
 tunnel to empty into this lake. Trib-
 utary aGueducts will connect the
 Catskill and Roundout Creeks. The
 Ashol.an reservoir will have an ap-
 proNimate area of 13 square miles.
 and will hold about l2S.00O. .000. 00O
 gallons of water The dam will be
 about 1000 feet long on the crest and
 240 feet high. It will be a 10 mile
 journey to drive around this nam
 moth pond.
 The aqueduct will lead from Asho-
 kan reservoir, which is 5l0 feet above
 tide water. across the open country,
 nm h
 Hudson river at Storm King noun tain. up again on the eastern side and
 so on [, the old Croton reservoir.
 This water will be distributed in New
 York. Brooklyn and the Borough of
 Richmond. covering an area of 309 square miles. giving q daily supply of q billion gallons or one pint or water
 for each and every square foot of surface.
 The construction of the Ashokan reservoir constitutes one of the items involved in the Catsklll project. This dam Is to hold the waters gathered from 140 square miles of territory. The amount of excavation involved is about 2.500,OO0 cubic yards. or which about 20 per cent is in the rock The construction of the great dam and the several dikes will require s. 00O,000 cubic yards of material Of which the concrete material alone will amount to $50 GOO cubic yards. The three dikes are to be of earth construction. with concrete cores to prevent undermining Altogether they have length of about 20,000 feet.
 It Is no simple problem to construct q great conduit from the AShokan dam to New York City. About 50 pef cent of this great pipe line will be merely buried on the surface of the l ground. the remaining 40 per cent ! will be below the general surface. | Eleven per cent will be through hills | and the like and the remaining 2a | Fer cent will be syphon construction | below grade. It is easy enough to | construct an aqueduct so long as it | is upon or near the surface of the | ground. but time after time this great pipe line must dip far beneath the surface of the ground in search of bed rock through which to cross some ancient gorge of the Esopus. or other glacier faults and Assures in the earth. The problem of getting across the Hudson river was one to baffle most engineers. A bridge was thought Df. but this would cost too much for It would be possible to build q tunnel through the river, us ng shield and compressed air, but he best plan was to find bed rock md construct a huge SyphOn under he river bed. Bed rock was found 1t Storm King and the wonderful unnel through the rock is now al- ( most completed. Nearly 25 miles of imilar syphon occur between the dam }