davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1912-08-07

have apparently proved ineffectual.
Trusts have grown up under its ba
very iluxuriantly. and have pursued
the methods by which SO many Of
olies without serious let or hindrance.
IT has roared against them like
any sucking dove. / am not ASSESSING z
the responsibility. am merely stat
ing the fact. But the means and
iished monopoliea have now become
known. 1t will be necessary to sup
plement the present law with such
laws. both civil and criminal. as will
enectuallv punish and prevent those
methods. adding such other laws as
may be necessary to provide suitable
and adequate judicial processes.
whether civil or criminal, to disclose
and judgment. They must be specifi-
develop. =
But the problem and the difficulty
are much greater than thaft There
are not merely great trusts and com
binaticns which are to be controlled
and deprived of their power to create
monopoltes and destroy rivals; there
Is something bigger still than they
more difficult to deal with. There
are vast confederacies (as j may per-
haps call them for the sake OF con-
venience) Of banks. railways: express
ufacturipg corporations. mining cor
porations. power and evelopment conf
panies and all the rest of the circle,
bound together by the fact that the
ownership of their stock and the
members of their boards OF directors
are controlled and determined by
comparatively small and closely inter-
related groups OF persons, who. by
their informal confederacy. may con-
troll. II they please and when they
will, both credit and enterprise. There
federacies. so far as I can perceive.
They have come about very naturally,
generally without plan-or delibera-
ton, rather because there was SO
much money to be invested and 1t
was in the hands. at great financial
centers, of men acquainted with one
another and intimately associated in
business. than because anyone had
conceived and was carrying out q
plan OF general control; but they are
none the less potent a force In our
account: They are part, OF our prob
lem. Their veEy existence gives rise
to the suspicion of a "money trust"
a concentration Of the control of cred
II which may at any time become IN
finitely dangerous to free enterprise.
II such a concentration and control
does not actually exist, II Is evident
that II can easily be set up and used
at will. Laws must be devised which
will prevent this, II laws can be work
ed out by fair and free counsel that
destroying or seriously embarrassing
any sound or legitimate business un-
dertaking or necessary and whole
some Arrangement
The Washington times., 1912-08-07

Some Salient

The nation has awakened to a
sense of neglected ideals and neg
Nlected duties.
We need no revolution; no ex-
cited change; we need only a new
\ point of view, and new method
and spirit Of counsel.
The tariff question as dealt
with in our time at any rate has
not been business; 1t has been
/! politics. 81.
There should be an immediate
revision, and 1t should be down
ward, unhesitatingly and strictly
downward.
/. Prices climb faster than we can
push our earnings'up.
Big business is not dangerous
because 1t is big, but because its
bigness is an unwholesome infla-
,tion created by privileges and ex-
, emptions which 1t ought not to
enjoy. !.
We have been keen for .Presi-
Dental primaries and the direct
election of United States Sena-
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Wants a Definite
Program Set Forth.

At such a time, and In the presence
of such circumstances. what is the
meaning of our platform, and what is
our responsibility under It? What are
our duty and our purpose? The plat
form is meant to show that we know
what the nation is thinking about,
what 1t is most concerned about, what
II wishes corrected. and what II desires
to see attempted that Is new and con-
structive and intended for its long fu-
ture. But for us II Is a very practical
document. We are not about to ask the
people OF the United States to adopt our
platform; we are about to ask them to
entrust US with office and power and the
guidance of their affairs They will
wish to know what sort OF men we are
and of what definite purpose; what
translation of action and OF policy we
intend to give to the general terms OF
the platform which the convention al
Baltimore put forth, should we be
elected.
The platform Is not a program. A
ministrative acts, and acts of legisla-
ton. The proof OF the pudding is the
eating thereof How do we intend to
make II edible and digestible? From
this time on we shall be under inter-
rogation. How do We expect to handle
each OF the great matters that must
be taken up by the next Congress and
the next Administration? -.
What Is there to do? 1t is hard tc
sum the great task up, but apparently
this is the sum Of the matter: There
are two great things TO do. One Is "a
set Up the rule OF justice and Of righ,
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Direct Primaries
Urged BY Democrats.

The rule Of the people is no idle
phrase. Those who believe In it-as who
does not that has caught the real spirit
OF America?-believe that there can be
no rule Of right without It; that right
In politics Is made up Of the interest of
everybody, and everybody should take
part In the action that is to determine
1t. We have been keen for Presidential
primaries and the direct election of
United States Senators, because we
wanted the action of the government to
be determined by persons whom the
people had actually delegated as men
whom they were ready to trust and fol-
low. We have been anxious that all
campaign contributions and expendi-
lures should be disclosed to the public
In fullest detail, because We regarded
the influences which govern campaigns
to be as much a part of the peoples
business as anything else connected
with their government. We are work.
ing toward a very definite object, the uni
versal partnership in public affairs upon
which the purity OF politics and its aim
and spirit depend.
For there Is much for the partners to
undertake. In the affairs of a great
nation we plan and labor, not for the
present only, but for the long future as
well, There are great tasks of protec-
ton and conservation and development
to which we have to address ourselves.
Government has much more to do than
merely to right wrongs and set the
house in order. -
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Cause, Not Men,
Chief Importance.

A Presidential campaign-may easily
degenerate into a mere personal con-
test and so lose its real dignity and
significance. There is no indispensable
man. The government will not col
lapse and go to pieces II any one of
the gentlemen who are seeking to oe
tntrusted with its guidance should be
left at home But men are instru-
ments. We are as important as tho
important must really represent q
cause. What is our cause? The peo-
pies cause? That is easy to say, but
what does It mean? The common as
ever? Yes. but that. too, needs trans
lation Into acts and policies. We rep
resent the desire to set up an unen-
tangled government, government
poses, either in. the field Of business or
In the field of politics; government
that will not tolerate the use Of the
organizs tion OF q great party to serve
the personal aims and ambitions of any
individual. and that will not permit
legislation to be employed to further
any private interest. It Is a great con-
ception, cut / am free to serve II. as
you also are. could not have accept,
ed nomination which left me bound
to any man or any group of men. No.
man can be just who is not free; anu
no man who has to show favors ought
to undertake the SOLEMN responsibility
of government in any rank or post
post OF President OF the United states.
To be free is not necessarily to bo
wise. But wisdom comes with counsel,
with tine frank and free conference OF
mon interest. Should I be intrustcd
with the great office of President, Z
would seek counsel wherever Il could be
had upon free terms. know the tenn
~
nominated me; / know the temper OF
the country that lay back OF that con-
vention and spoke through It. / heed
with deep thankfulness the message
you bring me from II. feel that I
pies and ambitions are those Of true
servants OF the people. thank. God.
and take courage.
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Farm Education
Must Be Promoted.

There Is another duty which the DEM
ocratc party has shown itself great
enough and close enough to the people
to perceive, the duty of Government to
share in promoting agricultural, in
dustrial, vocational education In every
way possible within its constitutional
powers. No other platform has Rtven
this intimate vision of a party's duty
The nation cannot enjoy its deserved
supremacy In the markets and enter
prises of the world unless its people
come only with knowledge and training
Education is part of the great task Of
conservation, part Of the task of re-
newal and OF perfected power.
we have set ourselves a great pro-
gram, and 1t will be great party that
carries 1t out. 1t must be a party with
out entangling alliances with any spe-
cial interest whatever. 1t must have
the spirit and the point of view of the
the Republican party, as Organized un-
der its old leaders. because they found
that 1t was not free. that 1t was en-
tangled; and they are turning to us be-
cause they deem us free to serve them.
They are immensely interested, as we
are. as every man who reads the signs
Of the time and feels the spirit of the
ne wage is, In the new program. 1t Ia
solidly based on the facts of our ma
ent business; 1t is what every man
should wish to see done who wishes to
see our present distempers made an
end of and our old free, cooperative
life restored.
We should go into this campaign con-
fident Of only enc thing,-confident of
what we want to do if tntrusted with
the government. 1t is not a partisan
fight We are entering upon. We ale
happily excused from personal attacks
upon opponents and from nll general
indictments against the men opposed to
us. The facts are patent to everybody;
We do not have to prove them; the
more frank among our opponents All
NIT them. Our thinking must he con-
structive from start to finish. We must
show that we understand the problems
that confront us. and that we aro
soberly minded to deal with them, an.
ulying to them, not nostrums and no.
tiors. but hard sense and good cour-
age.
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Features IN Governor
Wilson's 5 Speech of Acceptance

men whom they we're ready to
trust and follow,
We have been anxious that all
campaign contributions and ex-
penditures should be disclosed to
the public in. fullest detail, be-
cause we regarded the influences
which govern campaigns to be as
much Q part Of the peoples busi-
ness as anything else connected
with their government.
I do not know any greater ques-
tion than that of conservation.
We have been a spendthrift nation
and must now husband what we
have left.
Il could not have accepted
nomination which left me bound
to any man or any group Of men.
No man can be just who is not
free; and no man who has to
show favors ought to undertake
the solemn responsibility Of gov
ernment In any rank or post
whatever. least of all in the su-
preme post of President Of the
United States.
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Spokesmen Chosen
Out of Every Glass.

ihey DO not, or will not. comprehend
the solemn thing that is In your
thought. You know as well as they do
that there are all sorts and conditions
OF men-the unthinking mixed with the
wise, the reckless with the prudent the
unscrupulous with the fair and honest
and you know what they sometimes
forget. that every class. without excep-
tion, affords sample of the mixture.
the learned and the fortunate no less
than the uneducated and the struggiinp
mass. But you see more than they do.
You see that these multitudes of men
mixed OF every kind and quality con-
stitute somehow an organic and noble
whole, single people, and that they
nave interests which no man can pri-
Yately determine without their knowi-
edge and counsel That is the mean
ing or representative government it.
self. Representative government is
nothing more nor less than an effort
to give voice to this great body through
and class. p.
You may think that I am wandering
on into general disquisition that has
little to do with the business in hand;
put 1 am not. This Is business-busi-
ness Of the deepest sort. 1t will solve
business. -
See. how itsmakes business out of the
dealt with In our time at any rate, has
not been business. 1t has been politics
Tarin schedules have been made up for
the purpose of keeping as large a num-
Der as possible of the rich and influen-
tial manufacturers of the country in a
good humor with the Republican party,
which desired their constant financial
support. The tariff has become a sys-
tenn of favors. which the phraseology
of the schedule was often deliberately
contrived to conceal 1t becomes a
matter of business, of legitimate busi-
ness, only when the partnership and
understanding 1t represents Is between
the leaders of Congress and the whole
people of the United States instead of
between the leaders of Congress and
small groups of manufacturers demand
ing special recognition and considera-
tion. That Is why the general idea of
representative government becomes
necessary part of the tariff question.
Who, when you come down to the hard
facts of the matter, have been repre-
sented in recent years when our tariff
schedules were being discussed and de-
termined. not on the floor of Congress.
for that Is not where they have been
determined, but In the committee rooms
and conferences? That is the heart of
the whole affafr. Will you, can you,
bring the whole people into the partner
ship or not? No one is discontented
with representative government; Il falls
under question only when 1t ceases to
be representative. 1t Is at bottom a
question of good faith and morals.
The Washington times., 1912-08-07

in such matters as the tariff, the regu-
lation OF the trusts and the prevention
of monopoly, the adaptation OF our
banking and currency laws to, the
varied uses to which our people must
put them. the treatment OF those who
DO the daily labor In our factories and
mines and throughout all our great in
dustrial and commercial undertakings,
and the political life OF the people OF
the Philippines, for whom we hold gov
ernmental power in trust. for their. sery-
Ice not our own. The other, the addi-
tional duty, Is In the great task OF pro-
tecting our people and our resources
ana OF keeping open to the whole peo-
Pile the. doors OF opportunity through
which they must, generation by gen
GRAFTON, pass II they are to make CON-
quest OF their fortunes In health, in
freedom, in peace. and In contentment.
In the performance Of this second, great
duty we are face to face with questions
Of conservation and Of Development
questions of forests and water powers
and mines and water ways. Of the
building or an adequate merchant
marine. and the opening of every high-
way and facility and the setting up of
every safeguard needed by a great In
dustrfous, expanding nation. ss-.t.,y.- :
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Protection Needed
For Working Man.

!, The working people of America-if
they must be distinguished from the
minority that constitutes the rest Of it.
are, Of course. the backbone OF the ma
ton. No law that safeguards their life.
that improves the physical and moral
conditions under which they live. that
makes their hours OF labor rational and
tolerable, that gives them freedom to act
in their own interest, and that protects
them where they cannot protect them
selves. can properly be regarded as
class legislation or as anything but as
a s.hn,s measure taken In the interest Of the
whole people. whose partnership in right
acuon we are trying to establish and
make real and practical. 1t is In this
spirit that we shall act IL we are genu-
Inc spokesmen of the whole country.
man cam ToPsosse Il sssSS.made S,sslS.eaeor ana nS
before counsel IL taken Of every one
concentrating must be its measure and
standard. the interest of all concerned.
for example, In dealing with the COM
phcated and difficult question OF the
reform OF our banking and currency,
laws, 1t is plain that we ought to con-
suit very many persons besides the
bankers. but because they do not neces-
sar1ly comprehend the business OF the
country, Notwithstanding they are in
dispensable servants OF II and may do
Nosk ocal " Hudhe IL nAr0 or easy.
No mere bankers plan will meet the
requirements. no matter how honestly
conceived. 1t should be a merchants'
and farmers plan as well, elastic In the
hands of those who use IL as an indis-
pensable part Of their daily business.
! do not know enough about this sub
1ect to be dogmatic about il, / know
only enough to be sure what the part
nerships In It should be, and that the
control exercised over any system We,
may set up should be, as far as possible.
control emanating, not from a single
special class. but from the general BODY
and authority of the nation itself.
In dealing with the Philippines we
should not allow ourselves to stand
upon any mere point of pride. as IL. in
order to keep our countenance in the
families OF nations. it We're necessary
TOT US to make the same blunders OF
selhshness that other nations have
made. We are not the owners Of the
Philippine Islands. We hold them in
trust for the people who live in them.
They are theirs. for the uses OF their
HE: We are not even their partners
II Is our duty. as trustees, to make
whatever arrangement of government
will be most serviceable to thier free
dom and development. Here, again. we
are to set up the rule of justice and of
right
The Washington times., 1912-08-07

slowly increasing. Prices climb faster
than we can push our earnings up.
Moreover. we begin to perceive some
things about the movement OF prices
that concern us very deeply, and Ak
our attention upon the tariff schedules
with q more definite determination than
ever to get to the bottom of this mat
ter. We have been looking into II, at
trials held under the Sherman act and
I'm investigations In the committee
rooms of Congress, where men who
wanted to know the real facts have
been busy with inquiry: and we begin
TO see very clearly what at least some
Of the methods are by which prices
are fixed We know that they are not
fixed by the competitions of the mar
ket. or by the ancient law of supply
and demand which Is to be found stated
in all the primers OF economies. but
by private arrangements with. regard
to what the supply should be and agree
ments among the producers themselves.
Those who buy are not even represent
ed by counsel. The high cost Of living
Is arranged by private understanding.
The Washington times., 1912-08-07
Revolution Is Not
Needed for Results.

These are all great matters upon
which everybody should be heard. We
have got into trouble in recent years
chiefly because these large things,
which ought to have been handled by
taking counsel with as large number
of persons as possible. because they
touched every interest and the life Of
every class and region. have In fact
been too often handled In private con-
ference. They have been settled by
pclusive, groups OF men who undertook @
TO speak for the whole nation, or, rather,
Tor themselves in the terms OF the
whole nation--very honestly II may be.
out very tgnorantly sometimes. and
tute for genuine common counsel. No
group OF directors, economic or political
can speak for a people. They have
neither the point OF view nor the
wicked and designing men have plotted
against us. but that our common af-
fairs have been determined upon too
narrow view. and by too private an
great readjustment and get the forces
of the whole people once more into play
We need no revolution. we. need no
excited change; we need only a new
point OF view, and new method and
We are servants Of the people, the
whole people. The nation has been un-
necessarily. unreasonably at war within
itself. interest has clashed with interest
when there Were common principles of
right and of fair dealing which might
and should have bound them all to-
gether. not as rivals. but as partners
AS the servants of all, we are bound to
undertake the great duty of accommo-
dation and adjustment.
We cannot undertake 1t except in a
spirit which some find II hard to under
stand. Some people only smile when
You speak of yourself as a servant of
the people: 1t seems to them like affec-
tation or mere demagoguery. They ask
What the unthinking crowd knows or
eomprehends of great complicated mat
ters of government. They shrug their
shoulders and lift their eyebrows when
you speak as II you really believed in
PRESIDENTIAL primaries. in direct election
OF United States Senators, and in an
utter publicity about everything that
concerns government. from the sources
or campaign funds to the intimate de-
Date of the highest affairs of state
The Washington times., 1912-08-07

been intended to takesthe American flag
on the seas. Bounties are not neces-
sary, IL you will but undo some OF the
things that have been done. without a
great merchant marine we cannot take
our rightful place in the commerce OF
the world. Merchants who must de-
penu upon the carriers of rival mercan-
tue nations to carry their goods to mar
ket are at disadvantage in frterna-
tiohal trade too manifest to need to be
pointed out; and our merchants Will not
long suffer themselves-ought not to
q disadvantage. Our industries have ex-
panded to such a point that they will
burst their Jackets, if they cannot and
a free outlet to the markets of the
os.rs; woTia; ,s aha they cannot fnd such an
own to carry their goods-ships that win
go the routes they want them to 60
and prefer the interests OF America in
their sailing orders and their equipment
our domestic markets no longer suffice
We need foreign markets. That is an
other force that Is going to break tine
tariff down. The tariff was once a bull
wark; now II is a dam. For trade is
reciprocal; we cannot sell unless we also
z The very fact that we have at last
taken the Panama canal seriously in
hand and are vigorously pushing II to-
ward completion is eloquent of our re-
trade. Wes are not building the canal
and pouring out million upon million
OF money upon its construction merely
20 establish water connection between
tne TWO coasts OF the continent. i'm
portant and desirable as that may be.
particularly from the point OF view OF
naval defense. 1t Is meant to be a
great International highway. 1t would
be little ridiculous IL we should build
II and then have no ships to send
through II. There have been years
when not a single ton of freight passed
through the great Suez canal in an
American bottom, so empty are the
seas OF our ships and seamen, We
must mean to put an end to that kind
OF thing or We would not be cutting
a new canal at our very docs merely
for the use of our men-of- war. We
shall not manage the revival by the
mere paltry device of tolls. We must
build and buy ships in competition with
the world. We can do 1t IL we will but
give ourselves leave = - -