davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

troll Of Center market passed from the
hands of the government into those OF
the Washington Market Company.
though q franchise rental Is paid yearly
for the land owned by the District.
Though improvements have been made
and cold storage facilities added. the
building proper stands today as 1t did
when first erected. It's name Of Center
market fits 1t we'll, for It is locaied
midway between the Capitol and the
White House and practically In the
center of the city.
There are nearly seven hundred stalls
in Center market. offering great
variety of edible products. On the
pavements surrounding the building
some three hundred farmers display
their wares and here the producer and
consumer meet without any question
of a middle man. The farmer backs
his wagon to the curb and ties his
horse alongside. He erects q rough
wooden stand on trestles and In many
cases a canvas cover is stretched from
long poles on this stand to the back
Of the farm wagon.
Each market day the same farmers
may be found in the same places. Ten
cents for q single team and fifteen for
a double are the rents per day charged
the farmers. Though they come In great
err numbers during the summer months.
cold winter days often find them taking
turns around little charcoal stove while
one member Of the family sells potatoes.
apples and other winter products. Here
one finds the typical old war time negro.
Old colored women wearing bright red
bandannas around their heads sell pack
ages Of herbs that are guaranteed to cure
any ailments. Every one In Center mar
ket is familiar with the cry of the old
crab man as he walks around displaying
his wares:
Here comes the crab man. crab man;
Fine coffee, hot coffee. best coffee in the land.
So runs his little song. and though the
crying of wares is more or less thing
of the past, there are many old charac-
tiers equally as quaint as the crab man.
Christmas and Easter are occasions OF
artistic display in Center market One
fish and game stall hangs whole bears
and deer decorated with holly. Christ
mas bells or ribbons are strung from one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

dormitory. For each privilege of sleep
ing minute longer and getting up in a
warm room the girls paid 5 cents. An
other girl worked three hours day in
the college book store, and afterward In
the library, for 25 cents an hour. The
girl who conducted the furniture ex-
change, sold off secondhand furniture at
a profit of so a year.
My roommate my senior year bought a
secondhand typewriter. learned to run
it and made sos besides paying for the
noisy nuisance. q remember one enter
prising freshman from the south who
did not go home for vacations and packed
trunks at an enormous profit. All these
things and scores of others any girl can
do, but let her not forget the fact that
she gets an average of 20 cents an hour
and does them all the time.
When we graduated from college, then,
Eleanor had truly worked her way
through college: she owed nothing. I
had debt of $3.50. We both had kept
up good academic standing. gradual
ing on the honor roll.
The question which I had considered
four years before. els 1t possible to
earn NY way through college?" was
answered. But l have thought many
times since: Was it wise?
Take Eleanor. She never lived in
one of the campus dormitories where
the activity of the college centers. She
dropped out of most class affairs, out
of organizations. out of athletics-los-
ing a great deal of that h-discussed
college life"
That, perhaps. is not SO important.
She had q high standing on the col
lege books, but she never. during her
entire college course at Wellesley, did
any work not required by her instruc-
tors and the catalogue. She never had
the time to read around an assigned
subject. to consider one that was not
assigned, to spend leisurely hour in
the library.
And what is more, now that she is
out and at work, she finds that she
has a very small stock OF energy with
which to make use OF her four years OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

mas vacation I thought the matter over
pretty seriously. l knew that my aca-
demic work was not being improved by
these hours over the ironing board.
knew that I was spending energy worth
more to me than 20 cents an hour and
not receiving any very rich experience to
make up the deficit in cash.
1 realized that there was very little
money to be made at work brought by
the students themselves. In mans col
lege 1t is different. Our brothers have
more money to spend than we do-they
spend less for clothes and more for the
things which will contribute to their per
sonal comfort Girls are more careful
and, on the whole, less used to spending
money. Even If they are in hurry they
pay at the same rate-2O cents an hour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

stand to another. The flower stands add
wonderfully to the display. in fact. tour
lists often visit the market for a sight or
these flowers The German stand dis
plays it's most luscious pickles and sauer-
kraut All brands of spaghetti and maca-
roni prepared only in ''the old country
are arranged in festive display.
The stands upon which meats. poultry
and fish are exposed for sale have been
replaced within the last few years by
stands OF concrete, white tile and marble.
The two floors overhead, which are de-
voted to cold-storage rooms, are of great
advantage to the butchers and other
dealers. Nine dollars month is the
average rental paid by a butcher for his
portion of the cold storage. The whole
is like a large refrigerator, the sides and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

made up my mind as to what was the
best way of solving this college expense
problem, and resolved to stick to it II
possible. I decided to pitch this 20 cents
an hour industry over the side. to earn
only in the direction where l gained
either money or worthwhile experience
and to borrow as much as possible.
had received loan Of $3.50 from
the College Women's Club of New York.
and had been reserving that for my
sophomore wear. Now, however l re-
solved to use it for the rest of the years
expenses. l have always been glad that
/ did.
| returned to college and put away
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

floors above and below being insulated.
To do this lumber and sawdust were
brought from Maine and the west, the
bulk being spruce. The floors drain to-
ward the sides and are all of heavy
spruce, calked and watertight like the
floors Of a ship. No ice is used, however.
for coils OF pipes filled with cold brine
extend around the sides and overhead.
The temperature is thus kept below the
freezing point.
The buildings that compose Center
market cover an area Of nearly three
acres A large portion Of this ground
belongs ana mas always belonged 10 the
company pays its franchise rental. The
taxes that the company pay on it's own
ground increase its expenses by several
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16
The Two Sexes.

AN actress. at a birthday supper in
"A New York, was congratulated on her
unfading beauty and on her high spirits.
She laughing gayly. replied:
a woman is as happy. you know, as
she looks pretty.
And a man. said her interlocutor
"Oh, a man." she answered, lis as hap
py as he feels important"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

ence in teaching and newspaper work to
my credit.
Eleanor had met her problem different
ly. She had practically no help from
home and had borrowed nothing. She
did almost all the things which the girl
who works her way through college ever
did.
She was very ingenious. She could
make good salads and soon came to be
in demand at the little parties given at
the society houses. She often planned
these dinners, decorated the table, cooked
and served and cleaned up afterward.
She rarely received more than 81 for the
evenings work.
She took care Of two children in the
evening when their parents wished to go
out, she waited on table at the College
Inn, she prepared laboratory specimens
for zoology classes. she corrected themes
and did odd jobs Of clerical work.
She learned to dress hafr-that paid a
little better-75 cents for couture that
required but three quarters of an hour
and was guaranteed to stand the strong
est wind that ever blew across the Har-
ward stadium on the day of her foot ball
game.
expenses to 500 a year-for instance, So
for clothes. $12 for books. She gave ur
her place in the running squad. She
Joined very few organizations that took
much time or money; a Greek letter So
ciety with an annual demand of at least
$50 and one evening a week was out OF
the question.
Eleanor was no extreme example Of the
girl who meets her own expenses. Sta
tistics show that 10 per cent Of the girls
OF Wellesley College are supporting them
selves. wholly or in part, and I should
say that threefourths Of them are doing
it in the same way that Eleanor did. with
the same expenditure of time and energy
in which these girls are meeting their
bills. One girl that l knew got up al
o'clock every winter morning, closed
the windows and turned on the heat in
from ten to twenty-five rooms of her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

the civil war were towards. There were
as good men out of the war as in IL"
DR. Hanrahan smiled and added:
II recall story about a youth who,
at the height of the war. toured Ver-
mont selling geraniums.
I'm surprised patriotic housewife
said to him. I'm surprised to see big.
strong, hulking chap like you selling
geraniums here. Why aren't you with
the army"
why, ma'am.' said the youth. with
a bewildered look. they don't want ger
aniums in the army, do they?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

EARN Your College Educa-
Il ton Only if There Is No
Other Way, She Says-How
She and Her Roommate
Managed to Make Both Ends
Meet-Odd Jobs on the
Campus and Around Town
Struggle for Time in Which
to Study and Work-consid-
ers the Grind of 1t All Too
Great for Results Obtained.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16
ROOM IN COOPERATIVE DORMI-
TORY. GIRL TIPPING.

places marked off and rented at few
cents day to the farmers. In most OF
the markets, however. regular market
days are observed. and on the other days
in the week the pavements surrounding
the markets are comparatively deserted.
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays are
the most popular days in the Washington
markets.
seers who laden with their cameras.
make their way to one or more OF the
historical Washington markets. an OPP
portunity would be afforded to study all
types Of people as well as the edible
produce of the neighboring country. To
enter the doors of Center Market Is to
enter a little world. Here are butcher
stands. fish stalls. vegetable stands. and
in the center Of the market are florists
stands laden with ferns and flowers.
Most Of the stalls and many Of the places
along the curling are occupied year IN
and year out by the same dealers. Inc
son follows his father in the trade ana
with equal stability the customers and
BUYERS visit these stalls each market day.
Practically every section of Washing
ton has its market. BY a careful esti-
mate some 1900 people find their way
weekly to the Eastern market which Is
among those controlled by the municipal
government. Though patronized almost
entirely by the people in that section OF
the city to which Its name applies. It's
success as a market is assured and IT
has proved a source OF revenue to the
government.
Each of it's 146 stalls rents at 50 per
month, and the report Of the last fiscal
wear showed as the sum OF the rents of
the Eastern market the figures $8O41.26.
This market was erected In 1872 under the
management of the board Of public works.
a governmental organization In existence
at that time From time to time i'm
provements have been made. and not the
least among them is the installation OF
electric lights. The building as 1t stands
now is 40 feet by 30 feet and one-story
high. Perhaps one Of its most notable
features is it's excellent fish market. a
marketmaster. an assistant and watch
man are responsible to the District Of
flee for the management OF the market
Quite similar to the Eastern market and
controlled by the government is the
Western market. Oue-story high and
forming an ell. one side OF which - ZSO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

feet by so and the other IS by 80 feet. 1t
contains ITO stalls
AS in each Of the other markets under
the municipal government, the rent re-
ceived each month for stall Is No.
Though slightly smaller than the Eastern
market, the rent received the last year
was In excess Of that of the latter. The
District government received $6,3SO TOT
the rents in the Western Market. Though
the ground was purchased in 1872. the
market house was not erected until 1877.
The Georgetown market, though PROB
ably one Of the smallest Of the Washing
ton markets. is among the Oldest ana
most historical. In fact it's history dates
so far back that old records tell of It's
purchase in pounds and not in dollars. 1t
was erected under the corporation of
Georgetown and did not pass under the
control OF the District government until
1871. A lottery was started for the pur-
chase OF the ground, but business COM
plications resulted and 1t was paid for
by the government. It's early history Is
more or less obscure.
~
In 1906 an ordinance regulating the
Georgetown market was framed. and its
terms were rather unusual. Only butter
in firkins, cheese, bread, flour. meal, grain,
live cattle, fish. hogs, pork by the hun
dred weight and beef by the quarter could
be sold outside OF market. During the
summer months the market hours were
from dawn until 0 am, and in winter
from break Of day until 10 O'Clock in the
morning. Should a buyer be late for
market she was forced to wait until the
following day for her vegetables and
other edibles.
The amount received for the rental of
the stalls In this market during the last
year was $7625O. This one-story build
ing Is 80 feet wide and $50 feet deep, and
contains % stalls. Only one man is
placed in charge Of this market. and IT
is his duty to keep 1t clean. The street
sweepings from this market and the
others under the control Of the municipal
government were until short time ago
removed by chain gangs. But these pris-
oners were removed to the Occoquan jail.
and the District government found 1t nee
essary to put aside 1928 for cleaning pur-
poses.
The expenditures that necessarily exist
in maintaining these District markets con-
sist of the salaries paid to the market
masters and the hire Of laborers for the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16
A War Story.

John W. HANRAHAN. surgeon gen.
} eral of the G. A. R., said the other
day in Rutland, apropos of Memorial
day:
Nothing could be more unjust than the
idea that all those who didn't enlist in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

II has always caused
me much amuse-
ment to hear sober.
sensible people of
this modern age
exclaim at the
thought OF a girl $
working her way
through college. ap-
parently thinkins
IL either a quixotic
undertaking or one
fraught with hard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

the ironing board. I brushed the dust
from my German grammar, put more
time on my English work and made
some friends.
Eleanor kept on. She darned stock
ings, she shampooed hair, she pressed
and mended, she wheeled old ladies about
the village at the old familiar rate, and
when the Students Aid Society gave
its annual fair she sold candy and fancy
work and made Sill.
When June came she had met her ex-
penses squarely and was about $50 ahead.
l owed 500.
That summer Eleanor sold books. She
worked until the middle of August and
made $40 She spent the rest Of the sum-
mer making her clothes. l taught in
vacation school for children and made
$50. My academic work had been jerked
up sufficiently to entitle me to a scholar
ship of 500 from the college. With
work at the cooperative dormitory lift
ing off 500. my sophomore year was
fairly easy.
During three years I earned. counting
scholarships about $500 year. I was
taken on the staff of the College News
as result Of my improved work in
English That brought in $50 for the
first year, and about $40 for my Junior
year, when l was editor-in-chief. I re-
ported college affairs for a Boston news
paper, besides doing a little misceilane-
Gus newspaper work, making about $1OO
a year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

I obtained the position Of principal of
the vacation school where I had taught
the year before, and in the summer pre-
ceding my junior year earned 500 for
six weeks work received a second
scholarship Of $50 and remained with
the cooperative dormitory for the en-
tire four years. The summer before my
senior year 1 did not try to earn any
money. What / was not able to earn in
those three years was borrowed, given
or supplied by my family.
At the end Of it all had earned about
81 100 OF the 5000 which my college
education had cost and had little expert
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

board would be $50. There was thus $50
of our original $500 unaccounted for, and
there were many expenses to come.
We secured double room. furnished.
for 81 week-about $50 year apiece.
There were cheaper rooms without run
ming water, without light without heat.
without space enough to turn about-in
fact, with all the accomplishments of
cheapness. but they had been snapped up
by the enterprising early birds.
We sat down on our unpacked trunks
and figured up a round number account
for the year like this.
Tuition. hoard and room $50
r>a yelling expenses OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. p
Fees and organization dues .............. 10
incidentoIs ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 20
eTotbea Observation-Disclosures. %
800
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

This left about 500 to be earned be-
tween October and June. And the next
year presented no prospect OF a start Oh
$500. There would be 500 to earn instead
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

These are the opinions. quoted from the
Wellesley College News for May, 1872, OF
a graduate OF two years standing, VINO
paid the larger part of her college ex-
penses by working in college. She sug-
gests the two questions in regard to this
problem, not only is it possible, but is it
advisable for a girl to meet her own ex-
penses and study at the same time?
My instructor in nigh school English.
Smith College graduate, once gave me
/ had asked her if 1t would be wise to go
to college with the little money that
should have at my disposal.
No" she said: unless there is abso-
lutely no other way, II wouldn't
But replied l. fresh from one of these
very articles about the college girl such
as / am writing, there are plenty Of
ways for a girl to earn money while at
college. Many girls pay all their own
expenses.
THAT is not what you asked replied
my instructor. 'Of course, you can do
il. Is ii wise? That is another matter"
I have since thought of her explana-
ton. but at the time 1t was the possibility
of earning my way through college which
l considered. There are today hundreds
of girls just out OF high school looking
at the question as looked at 1T.
Is 1t possible, they ask. for a girl to
raise $5oo-the average amount required
in a girls college to meet reasonable ex-
penses-and study at the same time?
With the hope of throwing light on the
far more important consideration-Is it
wise?-I am going to tell the college ex-
periences of my college chum and my
self viewed In the light of the dollar
sign.
w
and I. with 500 and the brisk resolution
10 work our way through" 1t was a
leap in the dark, for. In spite of COM
forting magazine articles describing the
tutoring, neither of had the vaguest
idea OF what to do to earn a sum that
looked like the wherewithal for college
education. We had the assurance of
some help from home to supplement the
500, but by no means enough to meet
even the bare $50 required by the col
lege for tuition, board and room
Our first help was our most substantial.
We were admitted to the table OF one Of
Wellesleys two cooperative dormitories,
where by one hours domestic work
day 500 was deducted from our bill for
board. The cooperative dormitory is,
believe. one OF the most practical ways
in which a college can help girls to earn
money.
The work is not heavy-Eleanor washed
glasses and silver and swept the recep-
ton room; I washed dishes and later
prepared vegetables. All the work of the
house except the heavy cleaning. the fur
mace work and some of the cooking is
done by the girls. The house pays for
itself. and. considering the amateur ma
ture of most Of the service. 1t is run very
smoothly. To earn the same amount of
money by waiting on table at any of the
regular dormitories or boarding houses
would have taken about double the time.
Our first payment apiece to the col
lege, then. was:
Board Observation-Disclosures. 8
800
Our second payment in February for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

~ OR the housekeepers of Washing
ton who prefer buying their pro-
visions direct there are some
nine markets large enough to
afford an extensive display OF
meats. Ash. vegetables and in fact every
variety OF food Scattered throughout the
city and yet easy OF access for the coun-
trymen who bring their wares from their
farms TO the stalls. these markets serve
thousands of people daily. Several Of
them occupy whole city blocks. and on the
adjoining streets may be found the farm
wagons filed with the produce that pass
IS directly from the hands of the farmer
10 those of the consumer.
The management OF these markets,
though conducted in much the same way.
is controlled by different interests. Pri-
vate concerns and the municipal govern
ment are both represented. The produce.
however, of each of them is examined and
passed upon by the District authorities as
is that OF grocery stores and hucksters.
Many of these markets are SO old that
even the most ancient inhabitant can not
remember the time when the sheds. that
have been gradually replaced by market
houses. We're first established.
Among the oldest of these Washington
markets Is the Georgetown Market, the
history OF which dates back TO period
prior 10 1896. Like the Western and East
ern markets II is controlled by the local
government and is maintained Ivy the rev.
enue from the rental of the stalls and the
appropriations made by Congress. Private
corporations control the other six mar
kets. namely the Center. Northeast.
Northern Liberty, Street, Riggs and
Arcade markets. OF these the oldest and
largest is the Center Market In fact,
this market exceeds in size all the WASH
ington markets and Is among the largest
in the country.
lis 600 stalls laden with a great variety
OF edible products, are perhaps typical
OF the Washington markets, for I'm each
~ them a housekeeper can make a Sc
ection of food materials that ranges from
all cuts Of meat to the queer little herbs
and teas brought in BY the country worn
en-. In addition to the interior stalls of
the Washington market are the curbing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16
labor. strugc

labor. struggles against snobbishness and
bitter self-denial 80 Personally. think
that a girl who has worked her way
through college. as rule. comes out a
hundred fold richer for her experience
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1912-06-16

\ OR the housekeepers of Washing
ton who prefer buying their pro-
visions direct. there are some
nine markets large enough to
AFFORD an eytensdye display OF