Evening journal., 1912-02-21

ness organizations we SHAH be most
vigilant never to allow them to crys
talllze into a condition which sha
make private initiative difficult. 1t f.
OF the utmost Importance that in tn
future we shall keep the broad path c
opportunity just as open and easy TO-
our children as 1t was for our father
during the period which has been thu
glory Of Americas industrial history
In a word, then, our fundamental
purpose must be to secure genuine
equality of opportunity. No man
should receive a dollar unless that
dollar has been fairly earned. Every
dollar received should represent dol
lars worth of service rendered. No
watering Of stocks should be permit
ted, and II can be prevented only by
close governmental supervision OF all
stock Issues so as to prevent overcap.
Itallzatlon.
We stand for the rights of property,
but we stand even more for the rights
OF man. We will protect the rights Of
the wealthy man, but we maintain
that he holds his wealth subject to the
general right Of the community to reg
ulate its business use as the public
welfare requires.
Welfare Of Labor.
We also maintain that the nation
and the several states have the right
to regulate the terms and conditions
OF labor. which is the chief element
Of wealth, directly in the interest Of
the common good. II is our prime
duty to shape the industrial and social
forces so that they may tell for the
material and moral upbuilding of the
farmer ard the wageworker, just as
they should do In the case of the busi-
ness man. You, trainers OF this con-
stitution, be careful so 20 frame It that
under 1t the people shall leave them
selves free to do whatever is necessary
in order TO help the farmers Of the
state to get for themselves and their
wives and children not only the bene-
fts OF better farming, but also those
OF better business methods and better
conditions of life on the farm.
Moreover, shape your constitutional
action so that the people will be able
through their legislative bodies or, fail
ing that. by direct popular vote to pro-
vide workmen's compensation acts, to
regulate the hours of labor for chill
dren and for women, to provide for
their safety while at work and to pre-
vent overwork or work under unhy-
gienic or unsafe conditions. See TO 1t
that no restrictions are placed upon
legislative powers that will prevent the
enactment of laws under which your
people can promote the general wei
fare, the common good.
So much for the ends OF govern.
ment. anG 1 have, Of course. merely
sketched in outline what the ends
should be. Now for the machinery by
which these ends are to be achieved
and here again remember ] only sketch
in outline and do not for a moment
pretend to work out in detail the meth
DDS OF achieving your purposes Let
me at the outset urge upon you TO re
member that. while machinery is i'm
portant, It is easy to overestimate it'
Importance and, moreover, that eact
]
determine for itself what that machin
cry shall be, subject only to the funda
mental law of the nation as expressed
in the constitution Of the United
States. Massachusetts has the righ
TO have appointive judges who serv'
during good behavior. subject to re
moval not by impeachment, but b.
simple majority vote of the two house
of the legislature whenever the repre-
sentatives Of the people feel that th
needs of the people require such re
a 1val. New York has the right t
we a long term elective judiciary
Ohio has the right to have a short teri
elective judiciary without the recall
California. Oregon and Arizona hav
each and every one of them the righ
TO have a short term elective judiciar
with the recall. Personally OF the fou
, systems / prefer the Massachusett
, one II addition be made to It as here
matter indicate.
In the first place, believe in th
short ballot. You cannot get good ser'
ice from the public servant II you caI
l. not see him, and there is no more q
fective way OF hiding him than by mi.
ing him up with multitude Of other
> so that they are none of them impol
Z tant enough to catch the eye of th
y average workaday citizen. The croo
u in public life is not ordinarily the ma
a whom the people themselves elect d
Is rectly to a highly important and r.
y sponsible position. The type OF hos
II who has made the name OF politicis
J. odious rarely himself runs for high ele
e tive Office. and If he does and is electe
p the people have only themselves
blame. The professional politician an
the professional lobbyist thrive MOI
II rankly under a system which provide
!. a multitude OF elective officers. Of sue
q divided responsibility and Of such o.
scurity that the public knows and ca
:. know but little as to their duties an
= the way they perform them.
l. Direct Nominations.
l. I believe in providing for direct nom
nations by the people. including ther
/ in direct preferential primaries for Il
9 election OF delegates to the nations
Q nominating conventions. Not as ma
K ter Of theory, but as a matter Of plat
e and proved experience, we find that II
I. convention system, while 1t often r
e cords the popular viii, is also ofte
!. used by adroit politicians as a metho
a Of thwarting the popular will. In oth'
= words, the existing machinery for non
D ! nations is cumbrous and is not d.