The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1912-11-19

has been introduced in England under 1 the name of the Sternol machine, and 1 series of tests.
 l American makers are retrograding
 somewhat in the present increase in
 weight in many of the newer models as compared with older models with l practically the same motor sizes. Two years ago the weight-reduction argu- nent was more general. than 1t is to- day. At that time several makers went too far in the reduction role. pro- ducing cars not adequately robust for heavy road surface, but to-day they
 are steering in the opposite direction. There have been many reasons for weight additions within the last year. and chiefly on several of the 1913 mod els. The extra equipment is respon- sible. for many additional pounds. The matter of deaountabIe rims alone
 in this connection is considerable On tire inflated on the rim weighs exactly
 no pounds. The owner is not con- tent with five rims, that Is one spare
 for the running board, but carries two
 extras so that his deEnountable rim and tire weight is alone 660 pounds
 Of this 40 is unsprung weight, the
 two extras carried on the running board being supported through the springs.
 According to Standard Oil reports,
 the motor car is responsible for a rev. cesses now in vogue. This may result in higher prices for steel and crucible steel castings. The cause is laid to the immense conSumpt ton of the high CT grade products of petroleum princi- pal1y by motor cars, and by motor boats, ocean. vessels and locomotives. ter the distillation of gasoline, ben zine, naphtha and kerosene, is at pres ent used in enormous quantities. The Inland Steel npany uses 1000. .oOo gallons of the oil per month, the In ternational Harvester Company 120, GOO barrels per year, and the Illinois Steel Company, which formerly was a heavy consumer of this fuel, foreseeing the. result of the steadily increasing prices has been changing to other methods and now uses very little. Fuel oil is used extensively in the ma nufacture of glass, brick and tile, and in forging, anneali11g and founding of steel. It is preferred for the latter uses be- cause of the absence of sulphur fumes in burning, which must be constantly guarded against in the use of other fuels. These fumes have a very in. furious effect on steel, making 1t more brittle.
 Pharmaceutic castor oil, the color less product used for medicinal pur- poses, is the only vegetable oil that cation. When a motor is in delicate state or if it is desired to make long, high-speed run,- it is not out of place to dose with castor oil. removing all traces of other lubricating oils be- fore resorting to the castor oil treat ment. Castor oil is eficadious when. It is deS1reQ CO operate at H1Sllf PLSl lOH speeds, say 2O0O feet per minute It will be remembered that 1000 feet per minute of piston travel is regarded as the normal rate of piston speed It would be inprudent to use castor oil in a motor without making sure that it is pure. A simple test is to place a sample of the oil, with five times it's volume of 90 per cent. alcohol in a graduate, and at a temperature of 62 degrees Fahrenheit, corresponding to about IT degrees Centigrade, observe the result; if the solution remains clear and brilliant, no substantial adul- terant is present. If the solution rifles up, it is not pure. This is the Fink ener test for the quality of castor oil. If the oil is not coIorless to begin with it is not worth while to test 1t at all The best grades of castor oil are cold pressed from the castor bean. Chemical processes of extracting the oil are prone to leave substantial tra- ces of free acids of refining. In the process of extracting the oil from the bean, in addition to getting all of the oil out of the same, removing the al- buninoids is needed.