Bisbee daily review., 1912-11-10
RISE AND FALL
OF TURKS GIVEN
History OF Ottoman Empire
Shows Recital OF a Ser
les of Conflicts Intern
al and External
RELIGION Is THE CRUZ

RELIGION Is THE CRUZ
A history OF the rise and fan OF
the Turkish Empire is recital OF
a series OF conflicts. both internal
aud external. which. because OF
their bitterness and frequency. are
unique In the history OF the world.
A large share OF the trouble has
been due to an incompatible and
cosmopolitan POPULATION, the com
pOnent parts OF which have had
but seant religious tolerance for
one another.
Extended BY conquests.
Appearing first in history at the
beginning OF the thirteenth century,
the Ottoman Turks extended their
empire by successful eonquests I'M
I'll It reached from the frontier of
Germany 10 the frontier OF Persia.
In 1927 a small band of them. hav-
ing been driven from their Central
Asian homes by the Mongol inva-
sion. had secured a concession OF
land from the Sultan Of Konia and
had settled down with Ertaghrul as
their leader.
Great Powers.
They early showed great military
prowess. and as the tribe grew new
territory was continually added Ad-
vantage was taken of the weaken
ing Greeks and many lands were
Yrestled from them.
The middle OF the fourteenth cen
fury saw an allied army OF Serbs.
Hungarians. Walachians and Media.
VANS defeated by Murad l.. leader
OF the Turks, with an army but one
sixth as large as his adversaries.
Soon after Servia was forced to pay
a tribute OF money and troops.
Meanwhile other new provinces
were added to the empire through
advantageous marriages.
First Setback.
In 1902 the growing empire re-
eelved its first setback when its
army met with n crushing defeat
at Angora. Twenty years we're con.
sumed in resaining lost territory
and the steady advance was then
resumed,
The reign of Suleiman the Mag.
nifcent. 152O-1566, marked the
zenith of the Ottoman power. After
him no leader acceded TO the throne
who was strong enough TO subdue
rebellion in the provinces, and
soon outside powers become involv.
ed In 1869 Russia made success
full invasion while the Turks were
hampered by instructions in Mo,
Tea, Syria and Egypt. A treaty
was signed in 1874. disadvantageoui
to the Ottoman Empire but better
than further disaster
War With France.
The occupation OF Egypt by
Ronaparte resulted in a war with
France in 1888 And meanwhile the
greatest internal disorder and tur
MOL prevailed IN almost every OF
toman province. The oppression by
local governors Impoverished the
people and caused them TO revolt
The national treasury was depleted
and there was every sign OF rapidly
approaching disintegration.
The war for freedom waged by
the Greeks was followed by anoth
or conflict with Russia, which again
proved the wonderful resisting pow
er of the Turks. 1880 Greek indie
pendence was established.
Abd-ul-Mejid, who ruled from
1s3s-Is61. instituted a drastic re
form establishing the equality OF al
his subjects and insuring then
fairer treatment than they had
been receiving from the local gov
ernors by eentralizing the govern
nent. There was reorganization
not only IN the administration bui
also in the army. Schools and
courts OF justice were established
and regular relations with foreign
powers were entered into. Thes<