davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
TO SEA EY RAIL,

As a boy, the writer remembers lady,
the wife OF a wealthy man whose business
took him to Europe yearly. who had such
a horror of the sea that she always said
to persons who asked her why she never
crossed with her husband she was waiting
until a bridge was built across the ocean.
II the destination Of that lady had been
Cuba. sea trip which She no doubt, would
have dreaded as much as an ocean cross
ing, Il would be about time for her to pack
her trunk now that the Key West exten-
sion Of the Florida East Coast Railway is
completed, as she could board train in
New York and step out of her car in Ha-
vana, Cuba, forty-elght hours later. travell-
ing all the way except the last ninety
miles, by rail, the last ninety miles being
made by ferry, which took the train itself
through to Cuba.
This extension is built by using the Flor
ida Keys as stepping stones and con-
structing on them and across the stretches
OF open water between them mile after mile
OF steel and concrete viaduct, until Key
West and the last bit Of land formed by
the low reefs which curve around the lower
8 nd OF Florida far out into the blue waters
OF the Gulf is reached-M. b. Claussen, IN
Casters Magazine.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
BOROUGH GOSSIP
Elaborate Exhibition Of Micro
scenes at the Institute.

r. denartment of microscopy OF the
.,.oL,vn Institute of Arts and Sciences
- an exhibit of microscopes and their
Vsassories at the Art Gallery, in Montague
.. last week. The idea OF the exhibit
90 show the development Of the micro
80 and what can be done with the in
~.r,,ment. Most of the big factories that
s'.., ont machines and supplies were repre-
e1nted on the long exhibition tables the
,as,ruments-about a hundred OF them
..oro arranged with slides under the lenses
"a o,l lamps near by to make the subjects
'ta,ble matter Of interest was the price
:. the microscopes-at least that was
natter of interest 10 many of the amateur
a,,,ntists who visited the exhibition. The
..,oos ranged from sS to well into the hum
s..ds of dollars. Many of the slides
shoved biological subjects. There were
o,so many mineralogical slides. On the
snous were photographs Of microscopic OBJ
,..,s presented in their natural colors.
.horob magnifed greatly in some cases.
rhese pictures. the visitors were told, were
-ho,on,icrographs Professor Olsen, OF
rpolv" had on view number of slides
demonstrating the use of microscopes In
the deteCUOn OF iOOu e'NN''Vi"'iO'''
tessor II. Z. Behnken, Of the Girls High
school. had an exhibition Of photographs OF
.oi,d,eed gases. The solidihcation of the
cases resulted from permitting them to
com4 In contact with glass plate cooled
nv liquid air to a temperature OF more
,ban 200 degrees below zero, Fahrenhelt.
The photographs were made through a NIL
croscope The gas crystals collected like
frost CRYSTALS on window pane, Professor
rabrken said one photograph had the
apnaarance of a fern leaf. The gases Pho
,ogranhed we're carbon dioxide, nitrous OK
iae and ammonia. There was bacterlo-
logical exhibit arranged on plates and In
+nbas feature was magic lantern ex-
bibition of microscopic subjects The speci-
mems were placed in the lantern ana
thrown upon the sheet. Captain Thomas l.
Miller. president of the department, had
charge OF the display. and the success was
due largely to his efforts.
For the last few days picture OF Champ
Clark done in colors, has ornamented the
walls of the suite of rooms occupied py
the Democratic organization in the Thomas
Jefferson Building How the picture got
where It is seems to be mystery. The
presence Of the picture has no special sig
nIfcance, the oficials say. They declare
that Mr.. Clark is no more favored than
other aspirants for the Presidential nomi-
nation Of the party.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
ADOPT HOSPITAL PLANS
Work on New Bushwick Building
to Begin Next Month.

The trustees of the Bushwick Hospital
adopted the plans drawn by r. Thomas
Short for the new building which is
TO be erected at the corner OF putnam
and Howard avenues, and II is expect
ed that ground will be broken for the
foundation within the next month. The
building will be So by 81 feet, with an ex-
tension 80 by % feet. The main building
will be five stories high above a sub-cellar
and the extension three stories. The exten-
sion will be used for ambulance service ana
for the isolation Of contagious disease.
The third floor of the main building is 10
be given over to two ward rooms, each
containing fifteen beds. Closely adjoining
these wards will be one for patients whose
presence might have an exciting effect on
the others in the larger wards. On the TOP
floor will be two large operating rooms an
X-ray room. sterllizing room and labora-
tory. Near by will be a recovery room'
where the convalescent patients will be
cared for.
new feature will be the maternity ward
on the second floor, which Is to be htted
with six beds. There will be also private
rooms connected with this department
which will have its separate operating
room.
The quarters for nurses are to be on the
fifth floor. there being ten rooms with ac-
eommodations for twenty nurses.
All contagious diseases will be dealt with
in the annex, thereby insuring their jsola-
ton from the other patients. A morgue
large heating and laundry plant are also
among other features Of the hospital. The
building is to be equipped with all the mod
ern fire appliances.
1t is estimated that the cost of the build
Ing will be $4,000.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
LOAN SHARKS.

ir0m The survey.
Milwaukee has tho distinction NJ being the
first city In the United states 10 imprison loan
shark All sorts Of efforts we're made by the
friends Of this successful capitalist TO keep him
out Of Jail. but they were not as numerous as
the letters and teleErams that were sent TO
Judge Rackus when he had finally and decisivey
sentenced Lawrence Murphy to the House of
Correction for ninety days. Chicago woman
secretly borrowed $25 In lS96 TO buy clothes
for her son. mortgage was given on her
furniture. Fifteen years afterward her husband
died Last November the loan shark died. Next
day his son called for money the transaction
came TO light. and It developed that $500 had
been collected on the original loan OF $50.
Rurnors that well known capitalists have credit
houses and are cooperating with the salary loan
concerns increases the public Interest In this
Kind OF hnancierlng and makes more urgent
eyerywhere the necessity OF rigid prosecution OF
loan shark criminals, such as has been exhibited
I'm Milwaukee and the establishment OF remedial
fnU
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
BERLIN's MODEL SANITATION
It's Modern System of Sewage and Gar
bage DISPOSAL.

The system of sewage disposal in Berlin
is admirable" writes Consul General
Thackara. mo sewage is permitted to be
discharged into the river or canals that
pass through the city. 1t is all pumped
through large pipes to the city sewage
farms Oiesefelder) located within few
miles to the north and south Of Berlin. The
farms have an area OF about 1000 acres,
Of which about 800 acres are leased In
small holdings to farmers and the remain
der cultivated by the municipal authorities.
While the city administration supervises
the cleaning Of the streets, the disposal OF
the sweepngs and refuse gathered Is left
TO various contractors. Some OF these con-
Germs have purchased barren and unproduc-
tive land 10 be used as dumping grounds,
and as the garbage contains principally
sand and horse manure, II is exceedingly
valuable as a fertilizer and filler for such
lands
by law and by municipal police regula-
tons, houseowners are obliged TO provide
Tor the removal Of the waste from their
buildings For this purpose they have
iormed an association that includes most
q the owners in Berlin. This association
mas .s made contract for thirty years. TWEEN
- vuc. OF Whlch are sun 10 run, WIN
2 q united liability company, which was
,bolmed for the purpose OF disposing OF
nousehold and other waste. They have
iyIeeted building for the purpose OF hand
ang the garbage, disinfecting IL. and sep
iaung the different articles, such as metal.
rsgs gs and bones All the refuse is then dis
posed of for fattening hogs. fertiliZing,
PAPER making or for grading purposes, etc.
g. lngenioLsy contrived wagons are used
a. ~ collecting the garbage. In every build
,ns large sheet iron tanks or buckets are
paced. The daily refuse is thrown into
idhese xdaese tanks, which are capable OF holding
~ OF 2y0 pounds OF ashes and garbage, and
hmch close with a lid The ashes and gar
Eye are placed In separate receptacles
~ certain mornings OF the week the tanks
We collected by wagons accompanied by
t1Iee or four men. The wagons are large
sd snd tightly covered. chain elevator Is
1rdahsed 80 that bucket can be placed
spOh shelf on the side Of the wagon and
ug.h raised and dumped into the wagon
escape
Ash barrels or other such receptacles
ne not permitted on the streets In Ber-
~ IN, The experiment OF burning the or
SANE SaiAe waste Of Berlin was tried. but IL
given up"
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10

bell struck by machinery every ten seconds.
She Is still on duty and receives ssVO
year.
Mrs. Caroline Morse, the keeper OF the
Santa Barbara. Cal, light station. took tne
place Of her mother Mrs. Julia F. Williams
who was keeper for forty years.
RECORDS OF OTHER KEEPERS.
Mrs Maria Younghaus keeper Of the
Hight station at Biloxi. Miss, was ap-
pointed 10 succeed her husband November
e. 1867. She earns 500 per annum Mrs.
Eliza MacCashin, I'm March, 1881, was ap-
pointed assistant keeper TO her husband,
who was the keeper Of the Passaic and
Elbow Beacon lights In New Jersey. She
received 500 per annum in place OF a male
assistant keeper who received 500. She
was promoted TO keeper November /, 1903.
She now gets $500 year. Mrs. Georgia s.
Brumfield, the keeper of the Turkey Point
light station, Nd, was appointed TO sue
eeed her mother prior to the date the keep
ers were taken into the civil service. she
earns $3.50 per annum Mrs. Mary +. Bethel
succeeded her husband as keeper Of the
Key West light station and Key West Main
Ship Channel lights in Florida, and has
served more than twenty years. Her son Is
assistant keeper. She receives $40 per
annum. Mrs. DaGiel Williams is the keepcr
Of the light station at Little Traverse,
Mich. and dates her appointment from 1872.
Her annual pay is $500. Mrs. Flora Mcneil
receives s46 a month as keeper of Bridge
port Breakwater light, Conn, TO which she
was appointed February 10, 1905, succeed
ing her husband. Mrs. Emma ID. Tabberah
receives s42 30 per month as keeper OF the
Cumberland Head light station. n. Y. Her
appointment TO succeed her husband In 1904
was made by executive order. Mrs. Kate
Walker succeeded her husband as keeper
Of the Robbins Reef light station, y. Y,
and her son Is assistant keeper She re-
Ceives S52 a month Mrs. Minnie Il. Coteron
was appointed under civil service rules
May 81, 1905. in place Of her mother as
keeper of Bayou st. Johns light station,
La, Mt an annual salary OF 500. Mrs.
Caroline Riddle keeps the New Canal light
station in Louisiana. She was appointed
prior to the civil service classification OF
lighthouse keepers. which occurred in 1896.
Her pay is $500 The keeper OF the Port
Pontchartrain station in Louisiana is Mrs.
Margaret Norvel and her appointment
also antedates the civil service extension.
In the same class Of appointeos Is Mrs.
Anna NJ. Read, the Keeper Of the West
Rigoletts light station, in Louisiana. She
succeeded her husband, VINO served from
1865 to 1897. Her pay is $3.50 a year.
Mrs Emily A. Fish has kept the light
house at Point Pinos, on the southerly side
Of the entrance to Monterey Bay, Cal. for
eighteen years at an annual salary OF sS10
The light is one Of the show stations on
the Pacific Coast and is visited by large
numbers of tourists from Monterey.-Wash-
ington Star.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
A MOUNTAIN OF CANS.

The results from an appropriate prize of
n goat plus harness and wagon. offered
by THE Sentinel to the boy who collected
the greatest number OF tin cans, surprised
Knoxville The winner, slx-year-old lad,
gathered in yards, alleys and streets almost
a thousand cans for every year of his age.
other competitors had scores only a little
less amazing, so that the total effect upon
the aspect OF Knoxville must have been
great. The president of the City Beautiful
League supplemented the offer OF The Sem
tinel" with consolation prizes for the boys
who brought in the second. third and
fourth largest number Although Knoxville
has REASONABLE access Ia fresh goods from
FERNS and market gardens. a miniature
mountain Of cans rose beside The Senti-
mel" buildnG.-The Survey.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
INSTANCES OF HERolsM.

A few instances will serve 10 show the
heroic elements making up the individual
character OF these women. The Angel ISL
and light station, California, is kept by
Mrs. Juliet E. Nichols. widow Of Henry K.
Nichols. u. s. ~, inspector Of lighthouses
II Is In the direct path Of the larger part
Of navigation in San Francisco Bay Be-
sides taking care Of the lantern Mrs. Mich
ols looks after a fog signal, or bell which
IL struck double blow by machinery. Dur
Ing two heavy fogs In July. 1905. she spent
90 hours and 35 minutes one day, begin
ming at SEQ a. m, striking the bell by
hand. and the second day after that she
ftood all night hitting the bell with nail
hammer Both times she had neither food
nor rest.
on the morning Of March 2S. 1881, Com
mander Charles ]. McDougal. L. s. N, In
charge OF the lighthouse district embracing
the state of California, left the lighthouse
tender Manzanlta, then anchored off the
light station at Cape Mendocino, In surf
boat with eight members Of his crew for
the purpose ~ inspecting the station and
paying of the keepers. A breaker struck
the boat and overturned IT. Commander
McDougal tried TO swim ashore but when
within sixty feet Of the beach he sank and
drowned. His widow, Mrs. Kate c. McDou-
gal was shortly afterward appointed keeper
OF the Mare Island light station, California.
succeeding Mrs. Watson, widow or Commo-
dore Watson. She had been light keeper
for many years. Mrs McDougal has charge
OF a light and a fog signal consisting OF
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
THE STRAND.

The Strand. London's Broadway, will be
more modern in appearance within a short
time. To widen this narrow main artery
OF traffic many buildings and a paraIlei
street were sacrificed. and while the traff1c
situation was improved the general aspect
Of things from the artistic viewpoint was
not. Since that improvement was made a
great area on the north side Of the Strand.
surrounded partly by a fence and having
erected on IT tall advertising. sgnboards
rented by the thrifty London County
Council has been an eyesore to most per-
sons Now the way has been paved for
the erection OF handsome buildings on this
valuable piece Of property.-The Argonaut.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
SLAMS GUARD OF AmAzoNs.

Siam Is one OF the few countries which
boast OF a corps OF women police. the
members OF this Amazon guard are all
old and ugly They wear uniform
though they are not armed Their CHIEF
duty IL TO act as gatekeepers OF the Inner
or womens palace at Bangkok. They fol-
low any stranger who enters the palace
and remain with him until he takes his
dspsrtanro a ney see n anat 1 snr,e ] rs no iOv ms -
the royal wives and court ladies. Men
who have business inside the palace-doc-
tors, architects, carpenters, electric lignt
intcrs, etc.-enter the palace freely, but
are always accompanied by some Of the
Amazon guard. The palace has some diff
nculty in recruiting these guards as the
work Is hard and the pay poor--London
Globe
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
MIXED METAPHORS

- So'kins certainly did get all mixed up
mn somebody asked II he hadn't some
-npIeasant family secrets hidden"
What did he say?"
a.. ,ie sad ne was ready TO admit his fam
- had their skeleton in closet and would
he no bones about 1t, either.
more American.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
TENSIONS BROUGHT THE RECORDS

For some years after the close OF thS
Revolution no attempt was made to assem-
Bile the records OF the sold.ers who bore
arms I'm that momentous struggle Then
came the demand for reward through PEN
sion and the establishment Of the Pension
Office. II was slow, uncertain task at
the outset, but In a few years approxi-
mately six hundred thousand documents
were collected. They told, besides the'bat-
ties in which the individual soldier had
fought, record OF his family and, In some
cases pathetcaly. his limited worldly pos
sessions. The government was young and
poverty ridden then, and the soldiers right
to aid was based largely on his need.
AS rule these documents were prepared
by the clerk of the court TO which the
soldier applied when fling his pension
claim. They were written on the best
handmade paper OF that period, and With
handmade ink, and to this fact. perhaps.
more than 70 anything else, Is due thAir
lasting quality. But as years passed and
the papers became prey to time, II became
evident that their existence was threatened
unless steps were taken TO preserve them.
When the present commissioner was ap'
pealed to he saw that immediate action
was imperative. Many Of the oldest dccu'
ments, folded and packed away in exposed
racks that had done service from the time
the Office was established, were torn ana
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
RECORDS OF '76 SAFE
Colonial Documents at Last Se'
CureIy Filed.

After being exposed for nearly century
to the ravages OF time and the wear and
tear OF frequent handling. thousands OF
priceless records Of the Revolutionary War
will be saved to the people OF the nation
by plan which Commissioner OF Pensions
Davenport has just worked out. While the
plan itself is simple, and one that long ago
would have appealed to any thoughtful
business man, yet pension commissioners
of the past have given little or no attention
to this vastly important side OF their work.
Immedls tely on becoming head OF the PEN
sion Office, Commissioner Davenport real
ized that steps must he taken TO preserve
these documents or else few years would
see their utter ruin. And their loss, he knew,
would not only be irreparable TO the gov
ernment but to thousands OF people a.
well. They were, i'm brief, those little
human documents that gave evidence OK
the part taken by the sturdy heroes OF lHs
in the struggle for American Independence.
Around these documents historians have
written the story of that struggle. patriouc
societies have used them TO supply the
material upon which their organizations
are founded, and genealogists have eagerly
searched them to trace the deeds and trials
OF their honored ancestors
And moreover. as long as there remains
interest in the men who made possible the
birth OF the Republic, thousands OF others
will annually consult the archives OF the
Pension Bureau for the records which illu-
mine these time-worn and yellowing docu-
r1enis of the mast
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
SPECIAL CABINETS DESIGNED.

In his dilemma Commissioner DaVenpore
appealed 10 a cabinetmaking company. lie
furnished plans and had constructed o
special pattern of filing case, which COM
bined lishtness and compactness 80 thae
the women clerks OF the Revolutionary
division could handle them with ease. The
cases are made TO contain documents
weighing seventy-hve pounds. They are
OF light wood, lined with steel, and roll
back and forth on roller bearings. inc
records themselves are placed tatwise IN
large linen-lined envelopes. to obviate the
necessity OF folding This habit had worked
the principal destruction to the documents
under the old system.
While the widow Of the last Revolutions
ary soldier died some ten years ago. mus
ending this feature of the anual pension
budget, these intensely interesting doca-
ments. revealing, as they do, the story OF
that momentous period in American nis-
tory. will remain a priceless possession
of the government for all time. This is why
Commissioner Davenport is proud OK MS
filing system, and why he says the hours
he labored In working it out was time Wen
spent. IL is, in fact one OF the best ana
most complete In use In any ar the teder1
departments Washington Post.
New-York tribune., 1912-03-10
LIGHTHOUSE HERO|NES
TWenty-seven Women in the Ser
vice of Uncle Sam.

Along the coasts and rivers of the United
States there are twenty-seven women IN
the service OF the Bureau of Lighthouses,
Department OF Commerce and Labor, as
Keepers, assistant keepers. laborers in
charge, or laborers at the light stations
which warn vessels OF the presence OF dan
gerous rocks. reefs and shoals which In
times past have wrecked many a good ship
All but three OF these women are either
married or widowed; there being ton who
succeeded their husbands. two their moth
ers and one her father, as keepers Of the
great hoaCcns. Three help their husbands
with their hazardous work ard a few lend
helping hands to other relatives. Two are
widows of lighthouse inspectors, one OF
whom IN the discharge OF his duty lost his
life by drowning.
Were brave and loyal Ida Lewis living
to-day. the record would show twenty eight
women on the rolls. She was the most con-
spicuous OF all these women during her life
time, which ended October Il last, at the
age of sxty-nine years, as her record
shows a saving OF thirteen lives in six diff
ferent rcscues, each at the peril OF her own
life.
The absence OF law providing pensions
for the husbands and fathers who become
superannuated or totally disabled In the
line of duty is largely responsible for the
burden OF care they take up when their
loved ones are no longer able to keep the
lights afame in fair or foul weather. The
lighthouse officials are fully aware Of the
hardships resulting from the inability TO
retire their faithful employees, but when
ever possible, If keeper becomes unable
to continue his task they appoint in his
place or as his assistant, his wife or
daughter. as In the case OF Ida Lewis, or
some other relative II Is, however, neces-
sary for such relative to have passed the
required civil service examination in order
to succeed to the vacant position.
The pay OF these twenty-seven herolnes
as they Justly may be called ranges from
s96 TO $500 a year; the keepers receiving
$50 10 $500; the assistant keepers $3.50
TO $500; tho laborers in charge S9S TO S2l4
and the laborers, $3.50 to $3.50; the average
being s540 a year, there being nineteen Of
the total number who receive s552 and up
ward each The smallest salaries for the
care Of lights are paid persons who live
nearest them and who have other means OF
support
Women who are appointed keepers or as
sistant keepers receive in addition TO their
salaries the regular allowance OF 80 cents
day for rationg. This is either paid them
in cash or the government furnishes their
rations and deducts the cost thereof from
this 80 cents a day. Men or women APP
pointed as labOrers or laborers In charge
Of lights are not entitled to this ration al
lowancc. which was provided for by an act
Of Congress and applies only to keepers and
assistant keepers.