The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1912-11-23
. q
CHRISTIAN AND TURK
' Glimpses Of Some Former Con.
tests Between the Sects.

' Glmpses of Some Former Con. 81
tests Between the Sects. y
.
A postal card correspondent asks
for all information in regard to the
various Turkish wars. the "crusades
in chronogolical order" and various
other matters relating to the current
war Of the allies with the intent to
drive the Turks out of Europe, enough
to fill a large volume, or several large
volumes. All of this information is
given in condensed form In cyclope-
dias available in any n of the null
tiple public libraries. and in no end
OF volumes Of complete history in
those same libraries by various his
tories.
OF the crusades. however. it may
be said that there were no fewer than
seven. all of them more or less brill
liant attempts to stay the extension of
lslamism. founded by Mohammed or
Mahomet. who lived from ST. to 632
A. D.. devotees Of Islam holding that
be called the civilization Of the pres
emit day. Adam, Noah. Moses. Jesus
Christ and Mahomet. the last was the
greatest of all. The strife between the
two sects. as all the world knows, has
been bitter for hundreds of years. The
Moslem has been murderous in his
persecution Of the christian.
The first and n of the most mo-
mentous of the %crusades, as they were
called, the word being derived from
the Latin. Crux. or cross. was prompt
ed by the sweeping over the Holy
Land of the Turks accomplished in
1865. Peter the Hermit al the NOV
ing power in urging Pope Urban II to
proclaim war aginst the "infidels.'
The first incursion resulted In a
massacre OF the Christians. the result
being the organization of what was
really the first crusade. led by God.
frey Of Bouillon. Raymond OF Tou-
louise. Robert of Normandy. Hugh the
Tancred. Five armies We're modified,
and before them fell city after city,
the great struggle being the siege OF
Antioch, which lasted for seven
months, the besiegers being decimat-
ed by famine and disease. the taking
Of the city in June, 1898. being Sc
much of a defeat for the victors that
thousands deserted the movement
among them even Peter the Hermit
In turn the victors were forced &c
stand a siege by the Mohammedans
and. when the end of this really frs,
crusade came. Of 100000 Christians
who had been at the taking Of the city
Of Nicea earlier in the war, only 49,.
900 remained. This remnant captur.
ed Jerusalem. The Latin kingdom OF
Jerusalem was founded with Godfrey
as king and his military associates
were given high Office in one "prin.
cipality" or another, two military or.
ders. the knights Templars and the
kniChtc Insrifo 1lorc hnirr thaie @hsej
supporters.
Then came the day of reverses. The
Moslem was as enthusiastic and more
fanatical than the christian. One
principally after another was wrest.
ed from the christian conquerors
during half a century. The great
siege of Damascus in has. rivaline
that of Antioch. crippled the cru.
saders. Palestine was invaded, no,
only by the Moslems Of Turkey, blu,
the great Saladin. who had made him
self sultan of Egypt. one Of the mos
brilliant of the Moslem leaders of al
time, swept down upon the christian
possessions at Tiberias and after {
short siege captured Jerusalem in Oc'
tober. 1887, with but brief resistance
on the part of the crusaders. Sc
lamentable an ending to a costly vic.
tory led to what in the histories ha:
been called the third crusade.
Barbarossa. emperor of Germany
land were the leaders. This rivalec
the great previous campaign. and was
organized al soon as two years. aftel
the fall Of Jerusalem by the general.
ship of Salah ed-Din, or Saladin. Ir
one of the forays in 1870 Barbarosss
was drowned. but the French an6
English armies assaulted the strong
holds of Saladin. and gave to history
another of the most remarkable OF
city. after a desperate defence b.
Saladin for twenty-three months. fel
to the armies of Richard and Philip
J%ealousies among the crusaders lee
Philip to abandon the cause. an6
Richard in 1872 made III with Sala.
din, and eve after the fight of the
christian against the Moslem rather
languished. with the present though
hat this war of the allies agains'
Turkey will have a more practical eff
feet than the "~crusades.' as condi,
tons are revolutionized.
What Is called the fourth crusade
is hardly worthy of SO momentous
name. The crusaders failed to reach
the Holy Land. and did little harm t.
any but themselves. In the fifth cru
SADIE Emperor Frederick made some
Roadway by a truce with the Sultar
of Egypt. recovering for the time be.
ing control Of Jerusalem and a con
siderable portion of the Holy Land
but in 1914 Jerusalem was again cap.
tured from the christians by the Xiii.
vans. who had been expelled from
their own country by the Mongols.
What is termed the sixth crusade
was organized by Louis IN ofHFrance
who appears by 1t to have earned the
prefix Of Saint" but instead Of Civ.
ing his genius to the retaking OF the
Holy Land. he skipped Yer to Egypt
and there was surrounded by Moslems
captured. and regained his liberty on.
ly by payment of an immense ransom
Later he marched on Palestine in d
seventh crusade" but again turned
aside from his intended mission tc
capture Tunis for his brother. Charles
of Anjou, was stricken with the plague
and died before the walls.
One Of the most spectacular of all
the crusades was that which has come
to us in history as the "Children't
Crusades.'' Of which there were two
in 1919. It was the conviction OF
some genius of the time that the chill.
dren, being innocent. might accom-.
plish what sinful and lighting mer
could not accomplish. A shepherd
boy. Etienne Of Cloyes. near Vendome,
proclaimed that he was chosen by God
to crush the Saraccns. He had a fol-
lowing of no fewer than 10000 other
hoyS Tho1. pohorIo IN eovar voc