davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
FIGHT LITTLE MELON APHIs
Best Way TO Fight Pest Is to Burn
Infested Vines Where They Arc
Same for cucumbers.

Melon growers around Rocky Ford.
Colo, where oanteloupes are grown.
extensively, find that the best way to
fight melon aphis is to burn the In
tested vines just where they are. Al
least every other day they get over
their patch Of vines and look for the
very dark green color and swollen,
watery appearance Of the leaves OF
the plants. A little later the leaves
and vines take on a black, powdery
cast that no one can mistake. The
leaves curl under. but do not begin
to wilt sometimes for days.
BY keeping careful watch and de-
stroying the plants as they show the
presence Of aphis. one can usually
control the pest. Scatter straw over
the infested hill and burn at once.
To attempt 10 carry the vines to the
edge Of the field will simply spread
the insect.
After burning a hill keep careful
watch over adjoining hills. to see that
the insects have not spread. OF
course, the same treatment is recon
mended for cucumbera
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
DAMNOIES

Cement makes the best foundation
for the separator.
Intelligent care of COWS brings lib
eral rate OF interest.
Glover OF alfalfa seem to contain
Just what the dairy COW needs.
About the best fertilizer that can
be found is good barnyard manure.
Fed to hogs, skimmilk has been
found to be worth 45 cents per 100
pounds.
The great secret in keeping butter is
20 have It made right to begin with.
then keep Il cold.
There are. or should be. four sources
OF profit in the dairy business-butter
fat, sklmmilk. calves and manure.
There is nothing that will build up
the efficiency Of the dairy herd
quicker than the use OF pure bred
sire.
No man Is in a better position to
build up his soil than a dairyman. II
he uses wisely the forces at his CON-
mand.
No more feed should he given than
the COWS will eat up clean. but It is
equally important that they have all
they viii eat.
Usually II takes about rs per cent
OF what a COW eats for her mainte-
nance. The way some people feed Il
takes much more than that.
The average milk COW Will drink
from so TO 100 pounds OF water pei
day, and the more We can induce hsl
TO drink the better for the milk fiow.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
PRETTY FLOWERS IN GARDEN
Great Beauty and Fragrance Of Sweet
Peas Make Them Most Popular
Must Have Support.

Sweet pea vines must have good
support. Brush branches suit them
better than anything else. but these
are not always easy to get A good
substitute for brush is very coarse
meshed wire netting.
AS soon as the plants begin to
bloom begin to cut from them. The
more blossoms you cut off the more
you will have. II care is taken TO
remove the blossoms as soon as they
begin to fade, the plants will continue
to bloom until frost comes; but II
seed is allowed to ripen, you will have
but few flowers during the latter part
Of the season.
In cutting sweet peas give the fow-
ers as long stems as possible. Never
crowd them in vase OF bowl. Just
bunch them loosely IN the hand, and
then drop them into whatever 10 10
hold them. give It a shape. and 10,
your flowers will have arranged them
selves to perfection.
No garden should be without some
sweet pea vines. The great beauty
and fragrance OF the blossoms make
them one Of the most popular Of fow-
ers.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05

Home. The posts are. set 80 inohee
in the ground and placed 10 feet
apart No. 3 galvanized wire is run
through holes IN the posts. This has
proven 10 he one OF the great attrac-
tions OF the fence. as there are no
staples 10 pull or rust out and the
wires are always held in their proper
position. A ratchet is placed on the
end post and the wires can be kept
tight at all times.
With a monkey wrench and winding
ratchet the wire on the entire length
Of fence Ia stretched at one time. The
wire can be loosened in the fall OF the
year and frightened in the spring. and
in this way the fence can be kept in
perfect condition at all times Wood
posts we're used from tho farm wood
lot, but where all materials need 70
be purchased. concrete posts with
holes for wire would not only be the
cheapest. but fence put up in this
manner would last a lifetime.
A fence must have strong and we'll
braced end posts Figure shows q
good brace for this purpose. Th'
three end posts are placed three fee
in the ground and are a foot in diam
eter The braces are AKA inches. Il
figure s is shown braeing arrange
ment for corners.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
NEW TYPE OF SPRAY NOZZLE
PRACTICAL FENCEFORSTO
TO SECURE TIE BEST BUTTER
GUARD cHEEsEs BY PARAFFlN
Protecting Coat Prevents Considerable
Losa Of Weight by Evaporation
Method 10 New.

Nearly all cheese OF the cheddar
type made In the United States is
parafin before It reaches the public.
Yet It is not more than six years since
It became a general practice. and less
than ten that parsffinlng to protect
from loss OF weight was first brought
to the attention Of cheese handlers.
At fret the process was in order TO
improve the appearance. but when IL
was found that the protecting coat
OF parafiin TO a great extent prevented
the considerable loss OF weight by
evaporation Il became the usual treat
ment. A circular. No. 1S1, bureau OF
animal industry, recently issued by
the United States department or agri-
culture discussing the methods and
results OF parafnning cheese. con,
cludes that Il is an effective way OF
preventing losses in weight, and the
growth OF mold that for one to ten
seconds in parafiin bath At 22G de
grees F. is sufficient; that treatment
on the third day after coming from
the press gives the best results: and
that cheese should not be allowed "a
remain in warm curing room FOL
more than one day after paratining.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
HORTICULTURAL,
aEQAlOTES&5sse !

The United States forest service is
prepared TO reforest 10000 acres an
nually
Trees should not be planted on a
high slope, for the soil is likely to be
too thin.
Grape vines require frequent shall
low cultivation throughout the en-
tire season.
Get your spraying equipment IN
good order several days before you
must begin spraying.
Strain all spray materials through
good, fine strainer. It avoids clog
ged nozzles and wasted time.
The time 10 get a thing Is when II
is there. The time TO get the apple
worm is before he gets inside.
Know what you must spray for, then
do the work right. Don't expect any
one spray material to be a universal
remedy.
When making the FIRST application
Of poison for the codling moth use a
coarse nozzle. high pressure and oil
every calyx.
With fruiting orchards. mineral
fertilizers are often Of great assist
ance. but an excess OF nitrogen should
be avoided.
The pruning season is ont re-
quires much work, but more tudg-
ment. The age and variety OF the tree
must be kept in mind
When the strawberries are off the
vines remove the mulch and cultivate
thoroughly 10 kill of the weeds and
put the soil in fine condition.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Winged and WlnsIsss corn-Root
Louise.

Htsnce, known as honey dew" Of
which the ants are very fond. For
this reason the root lice are very we'll
cared for by the ants. and especially
by one kind Of ant known as the lit
tie brown ant" In the fall the ants
take the eggs Of the root aphis down
Into their nests and keep them there.
throughout the winter. The next
spring, when the egsg hatch, the ants
place the young root lice on the roots
of the common emartweed or some
other common weed. where the Ice
begin to feed Later on. # the ground
be planted to corn. the ants transfer
the root lice from the weeds to the
corn roots.
So the ants care for the root aphis,
and in order TO fight the root aphis
the farmer must fight the little brown
ant.
A deep, thorough stirring Of the soil
On old corn ground will tend to re-
duce injury by the root louise. This
stirring Of the soil breaks mp the
nests and scatters the ants. Conse-
uuently the ants cannot give the lice
the proper care. The burrows Of these
ants do not often reach to a depth Of
more than six inches. II the ground
Is stirred at that depth. the attempts
Of the ants to recover their property
and reconstruct their nests are rem
dered largely fruitless
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
DEVELOP LONG MILK PERIODS
Much Depends on Breed, IndlVlduzg
Character Of Cow and Feed
One Good Plan Given.

The length OF the milking period
OF a COW depends largely on the breed.
the individual characteristics OF the
COW and her feed. It is generally be-
lieved by dairymen. however. that the
length OF the first milking period OF a
heifer will influence the milking peri.
DDS OF her life. and 10 this end the
first milking period is prolonged as
long as possible.
In developing milker the plan is to
keep up the milk flow clear up to with
in two OF three weeks OF calving the
second time IN order 20 tx the habit
OF long milking perious. The milk
drawn will often be IN too small
amounts TO pay for the time and trou-
BILE spent in getting It. II the heifer
comes OF good stock It is well TO
give the plan a trial at any rate
Evening journal., 1912-06-05

take the spray as It comes out Of the
one-eighth-nch nozzle under high
pressure and break It up into a fine
mist, and with the pressure which We
used It is capable Of throwing the
mist 90 or 25 feet This is sufficient
to reach, from a ladder. most Of the
foliage on a large elm tree. In case
It is necessary to reach higher, the
adjustment is thrown out OF the cen
ter and the spray goes directly
through the one-eighthinch aperture.
BY this means a greater distance and
carrying power are secured, although
not so fine a spray.
In the drawing the nozzle Is shown
surrounded by a shield. c. which was
for the purpose OF protecting the
point. C. The nozzle as originally con-
structed was not provided with n
shield. being used for some days with
out It, but with the hard usage which
# received lit wasl found that the
adjustment was likely to be injured.
The nozzle was used in connection
with a machine giving ESQ pounds
pressure. and the spraying mixture
was carried through one-inch hose.
This nozzle was used in
spraying over 1000 trees having an
average diameter OF about % inches.
Careful estimates made showed that
the average amount Of arsenate of
lead per tree was IT pounds, or about
II gallons OF arsenate OF lead solu-
tion. The cost Of spraying each tree,
including the labor. gasoline and lead,
was 55 cents
The spraying was just as thorough
and the cost was about one-third OF
that by the ordinary method, using
Yermorel and other fine-miat nozZlea.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
PEACH scAB AND BROWN ROT
Best Funslelds Known at Present
Time Is self-5oIled Lime and
Sulphur Mixture.

The self-boiled lime and sulphur
mixture is the best fungicide known
at the present time for the control Of
peach scab and brown rot. Three ap-
plications are considered necessary
for good results where peach scab is
likely to occur. The first application
is TO be made Just as the calyx is be-
ing shed from the fruits.
The second application to be made
three weeks after the first. The third
application should be made about
three weeks after the second. The
self-boiled lime and sulphur mixture
should not be applied to the fruit
within four weeks of the ripening
time, as the mixture may give the
fruit whitewashed appearance when
ready for market.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05

an exchange. Il is necessary 20 keep
the cream free from anything that
would taint or flavor IL. and above all
TO have everything around the dairy
and milk house sweet and clean.
have always sold butter TO private Gus
toners on Saturday; Just enough 10
keep them supplied during the week.
/ have never received less than 20
cents a pound. and often have had
the price 60 TO 35 cents. Usually I
averaged 40 pounds a week during
the summer have had the good for.
tune never to need artificial coloring.
The breed and feed have good deal
to do with this.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
HABITS OF ORCHARD PESTS
No Definite Rule With Reference to
Time Insects Deposit Their Eggs
or Work Damage.

There is no definite rule that can be
laid down with reference to the time
at which winged insecs pests OF the
orchard deposit their eggs. Some are
night flying insects and deposit their
eggs at night; others are active only
during the day. and deposit their eggs
during that time. The codling moth
IS one Of the night flying insects and
begin TO deposit eggs late in the
evening. just about dusk. and continu-
ues most active throughout the early
part OF the night. The curculio on
the other hand. is most active during
the day. remaining inactive at night.
The same holds true with reference TO
the general activity Of insects. AS a
rule the moths ny only at night, while
some OF the beetles are most active at
night and others during the day.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
NEW TYPE OF SPRAY NOZZLE
Effectiveness Of Spraying Depends
Largely Upon Character Of Ts-
pering Tube Employed.

The effectiveness OF spraying de-
pends in large measure upon the
character Of the nozzle used, and Il Is
especially important that the nozzle
should be adapted to the specific pur-
pose for which IL Is to be used. G. r.
Stone OF the Massachusetts, station
has devised a nozzle which he has
used with very satisfactory results In
spraying large trees from a high-pres-
sure machine.
This nozzle is shown in Fig. /, at
A. Il consists Of a nozzle screwed
tightly on TO the tip Of a standard at
tachment provided with shut-oft, such
as Is often employed In spraying work.
(See b The attachment however, is
incidental. as II may be fitted to any
suitable metal connection threaded to
At, and provided with a hose connec-
tlon at the lower end. The essential
part OF the nozzle. as shown at A. con-
slsts Of a small brass tip. I. about IL
inches long, provided with an aperture
at the end one-eighth Of an inch in
diameter. although sometimes an aper-
ture OF b-82 OF 3-l6 of an inch In diam
eter has been employed About an
inch or more above the center OF the
aperture there Is placed a solid brass
ROD. c, one-fourth OF an inch IN diane
ter. This Is attached 10 another rod
d. by means Of a thin sheet OF brass
the rod. d, works in a socket and al
lows the pointed brass rod, c, to be
thrown in or out Of center at will. The
object OF this center brass rod, c, is tC
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
GARDEN and
FARM NOTES

Give the earth good seed to work
with.
A silo built of concrete will pre-
serve silage well.
Truck farming in this country is
not yet being overdone.
Rye may be cut for hay and used
for all classes Of livestock.
Most experienced melon pickers can
tell ripe melon from the looks.
The tool which usually follows the
plow in the course OF tillage 10 the
harrow.
A ten-cent bolt now may save a dol
lars worth OF time when the rush of
work comes.
with the exception Of the plow, the
harrow is perhaps the Oldest Of tillage
instruments.
There is no reason why potatoes
should not be cultivated with a riding
corn cultivator
Frequent stirring Of the soil is said
TO be a good preventive Of rust form
ing on the cultivator.
A liberal application OF ashes 20 this
soil where cabbage plants are grown
il a preventive Of clump root
II the soil leaves the plovshare
shiny and wet, wait a day or two
Wet blowing makes cloddy ground.
In seasons when drought prevails 9
better stand Of clover can be secured
by sowing the seed without q nurse
crop.
When moss creeps into the meadow
and pastures they need to be broker
up and the soil exposed to the sun snC
air before reseeding.
Teams, wagons or stock passin;
over the meadows when they are sof
and spongy cut the life out OF the go,
and lower the profits.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
naot.rIa fnr AIfaIfa solI.

Alfalfa needs a certain kind OF hac'
ieria in the soil to give the best re-
suits. These bacteria live on the
roots Of the plants. and give on as a
by-product the nitrogen which the
plant needs This is an example OF
cooperation in nature.
In the soils where sweet clover has
grown. these bacteria are usually
present. If they are not, It is some
times necessary to get soil from some
field where alfalfa is growing. or
some sweet clover soil. and scatter Il
over the alfalfa patch. This is called
'inoculating the soil"
Evening journal., 1912-06-05

oak and other woods. They exist IN
sll kinds Of trees. but in many. as. for
example, the chestnut, they are so fine
as hardly to be seen with the naked
eye.
It is correct to speak Of the rings OF
growth as annual rings" for as long
as the tree Is growing healthily a ring
is formed each year. II is true that
two false rings may appear in one
year, but they are caused whenever
the growth Of the tree Is interrupted.
This happens when the foliage Is de-
stroyed by caterpillars and grows
again in the same season. or when a
severe drought in early summer stops
growth for a time, after late frosts.
and in similar cases.
An annual ring once formed does
not change in size OF place during the
healthy life Of the tree, except that II
Is covered in time by other younger
/ layers.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Catalina Fence Posts.

Catalpa speciosa is a good tree. IL
makes a post sometimes In eight
years, sometimes in ten. We have so
many better trees, however. that we
don't have to fall back on the catalpa,
SAYS writer in the Ohio Farmer.
] have tried a little oatalpa to see
what It would do. In some sections
we have chosen the white oak In
South Georgia we have an excellent
post, when we can get Il, Of long leaf
pine. Where we cannot get that, we
have the loblolly pine. and the short
leaf pine can be used II we treat Il
with creosote to the amount OF 10
cents a post, and It will last 10 70 20
years.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
ANTS AID coRN-RooT LOUISE
Little Brown Insects Care for In
furious Aphls Because Of Liking
for Honey Dew."
cBy R. L. wEBsTER)

II you notice your corn plants
dwarting in patches over the field and
the leaves Of such plants turning yell
low or a reddish color. look carefully
around the base Of the stalks for ant
hills. II numerous ant hills are found,
you may conclude that the corn-root
iouse is sucking the Juice from the
rorn roots. weakening the stalks and
consequently reducing the yield.
1t is the presence Of the ants that
Is the interesting part OF the story.
The root aphis seeretes a sweet sub
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Inoomnletn Mllklnn Bad.

Incomplete milking not only robs
the dairyman Of the richest portion
OF the milk. the drippings. but dam
ages the COW, tending to lessen her
daily production and to shorten the
period OF lactation. II takes a little
more time to draw the last pint OF
milk from the udder, but the time is
we'll spent in view Of the gain both
TO the COW and to its owner.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
HORTICULTURE
ANNUAL RINGS IN THE TREES
WhltIsh Lines Are Msdulary Rays,
Which Make Sllvered Grain In
Oak and Other Woods.

II the trunk or branch Of an oak
tree is cut smoothly across, thin whit
fish lines may be seen running from
within outward. Some OF these lines
begin In the center OF the tree and
others in each Of the annual rings
These are the medulary rays, which
make the silvered grain in quartered
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
PRACTICAL FENCE FOR STOCK
Barrier Constructed Of Wire Proves
Entirely Satisfactory With All
Kinds Of Animals.

good stock fence is one that will
turn all kinds Of stock without injury
10 the animals. The cheapest and
best fence 20 build is a wire fence
At the top OF the picture is shown a
fence which have on my farm that
has proven satisfactory in every par
tlcular. writes r. o. Clagett Of Carroll
county. Maryland. IN the Farm and
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
FORKS AND SPADES IMPROVED
Fulerun Attachment Eliminates Much
Of eaek-6reaklng Energy Needed
In Working Soil.

Much Of the back. breaking energy
required in using an earth fork or
spade is expended in the dislodging OF
the load from the ground after the
fork Of spade has been inserted, which
means a severe strain on the shoulder
and back muscles. The attachment
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
FLOOR PLAN BARN AND SILO
Building viii Accommodate sixty
Head Of Cattle and Tank Holds
200 Tons Of Ensllage.

am sending you floor plan OF my
cattle barn and silo. writes r. r. FL
liott of Lathrop. Mo-. in the Missouri
Valley Farmer. The barn accommo-
dates so head OF cattle and the silo
holds 200 tons of ensilage. The en-
silage is carried TO the troughs by a
Loudon carrier that runs on a track
attached to the rafters. The hay rack
is built from the first floor to the up
per floor and is open at the top so
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
TO SECURE THE BEST BUTTER
Good Grade Cattle, Kept In Clean
Stable, Regularly MIXED, Are
Flrst Requisites.

To produce the hest butter I think
good grade Jersey or Guernsey cattle.
kept in a clean stable and regularly
milked. are the frst requisites. Next
is to have the cream properly ripened
and a temperature Of Just 50 degrees
maintained during churning. At this
temperature we are sure not to make
soft, salvy butter says writer in
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Clarifying MIX.

BY running milk through the sep
arator and then remixing, a good many
germs are removed, but this does not
imply that the disease germs are re-
moved. The chief effect OF the separa-
tion is the publication Of the milk
from solid filth. and this is some gain.
The keeping quality of the milk is not.
however. greatly improved by the
clarifying. II there we're disease germs
IN the milk before being separated
they will most certainly be in the milk
after being separated.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Friends School
Fonrth and West Streets

Fourth and West Streets
WILMINGTON, DELAW ARE.
The oldest and largest preparatory school
In tho State. A corps Of twenty experienced
teachers. excellent equipment thorough in-
struction. Co-educational.
Courses OF study preparing for College,
Scientific School or Business. Graduates en-
tered on Certificate In an colleges that 3D.
nit pupils ON a school record
High School. Grammar school, and Pri.
mary departments A new Primary Building
now IN course of erection. we'll equipped
gymnasium Pupils enrolled az any time.
Fall term begins September 10TH 1912.
For illustrated catalog. address
HERSCHEL A. NORRIS. A. M.
Principal
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
FARM CART is QUITE HANDY
little Vehicle, Useful for Great Many
Purposes, ls Set on TWO DIE
earded Buggy Wheels.

I The illustration shows a side view
Of our hand cart which we have used
for ten years. II is on buggy wheels
which are high and yet the box is low
down, writes c. R. Bashore in the
Farm and Home. The axle is an old
buggy axle bent as shown at b. The
box, a, is about four fet long and two
feet high. It can be used for many
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Barn and sIlo Plan.

that when the hay is put in It is con-
sumed on the ground. The NOW holds
100 tons Of hay and is equipped with
a hay fork. The cribs hold 1000
bushels Of corn and have doors next
the troughs at make It convenient to
get the corn in troughs.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
shouId Re on. or othcr.

The dual purpose COW that glves
about three gallons OF milk a day. and
produces a long-legged, sisb-sided steer
that takes three years to mature 70
make just passable beef, Is not the
animal suitable to run on the high
priced farm OF the twentieth century
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
POSTS KEPT FROM SPREADING
Cumbersome Braces Done Away With
by Connecting Rod Placed Be-
meath Surface Of Earth.

Gate posts may be kept parallel YER
tically. without cumbersome braces.
by connecting them beneath the sur
face Of the earth with a long rod.
When setting the posts, small rocks
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Water sunpIY lmportant.

Watch the water supply. MIX is 90
per cent water, and II something hap
pens the supply so that the cows are
forced to go without for a few hours
the drop In the milk flow will be as
tonishing. Heavy mixers are always
heavy drinkers
Evening journal., 1912-06-05

shown in the illustration lessons this
labor by providing a fulcrum, says the
Popular Mechanics. By simply pulling
the. handle backward the load is dis
lodged, the fulorum bearing the strain
instead of the muscles.
Evening journal., 1912-06-05
Handy Farm Cart

purposes and the box can be made
any length and height desired. The
shoe at c, made Of heavy scrap iron.
keeps the box level when the cart Is
at rest. Two hardwood handles, d.
should be bolted on to push or draw
the cart