davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
ELM GROVE.

Well, Old March is surely giving us
some fine weather, but most OF the
farmers say they fear for the wealth
err in April and that they believe our
fruit will be killed again the same
as last year.
Mrs. May Mortland is on the sick
list.
Charles Shoemake is some better
at this writing.
Miss Lille Dewitt returned to her
home Saturday evening after a
weeks visit with her sister, Mrs.
Earl Stout, near Lynnville.
Mabel Dewitt is assisting Mrs.Min-
ME Shoemake with her house work.
Earl Stout, wife and baby Nina
visited Saturday night and Sunday
at the parental Dewitt and Stout
homes.
VIM. Hite, wife and children visited
Sunday with her mother, Mrs. Sara
McKissick.
The work on telephone line 62 is
nearly done. All new poles were put
in and the wire is now on the poles
instead of on the ground.
Mrs. Tena Van Arkel and children
visited Monday at Mrs. McKissick's
Mr.. Gosnell is very poorly at this
WHITING, He is not expected to live
lofrg AN the children are there
now.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
BETHEL.

Miss Cora and Mabel Marsh, from
Kirkville, are spending a few days
at the Dan Matthews home visiting
their brother James and other
friends. They also spent a few days
at the home of their uncle, George
Ryerson, at Greenridge No. l.
Belle Roberts, White City No. q
school teacher, underwent an oper-
alton on her eye, Sunday, DR.. Trails
ter performing the operation.
Harvey Fowler and sister Lottie
and Miss Belle Matthews were call
ers in Hamilton Saturday afternoon
and evening.
Callers at the Jno. Traister, Sr.,
home Sunday were Dr.. Traister and
wife and her brother Jack, and
nephew, Jno. Wilson, Miss Robertson
and Geo. Lees little daughter, and
Miss Cora Marsh.
Died, at the home of her parents
in Buxton, the infant daughter OF Mr..
and Mrs. Elmer Anderson. Death
took place Sunday, March II. Cause
not known by your scribe.
Frank Traister and friend, Miss
Marsh, were Sunday evening callers
at the ALI Bolton home.
Ali Bolton and family were callers
at the formers brothers home in
Hamilton from Friday until Sunday.
Mrs. Ernest Courtney, who has
been on the sick list the past three
weeks, is improving very slowly.
James Marsh is on the sick list
at the present writing.
A very enjoyable evening was
spent at the Grant Barnett home on
Saturday evening, March IL. by
about 35 young folks of the surround
ing neighborhood. Refreshments In
the order of fruit and cake were
served, games we're played, and all
guests departed at late hour well
pleased with the evenings program
OF fun.
Will Schafer, from Eddyville. was
"a business caller in this vicinity and
at Buxton last Saturday.
Ed Kerr departed for Los Angeles,
California, Thursday morning, in
company with Mr.. Gray, where he
expects TO work on a ranch.
March Is. Golden Rod.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The tax ferret" law is dead in
Iowa, notes the Fairfield Ledger, but
the tax ferret" still lives. In many
counties like Jefferson boards of SUI
pervisors have made contracts with
these tax collectors which extend
over a term of years. The ferret
may do his work, but there is ques.
ton how he is going to enforce his
penalties in the face of the law.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

and this germ is ubiquitous. There is
no lodging it. The thing to do is to
look after our general health and to
fortify the whole system against the
germ. Colds are preventable as tn
berculosis is preventable. Ventila-
ton of rooms, exercise, walking, deep
breathing, moderation in eating and
drinking-these are the remedies
for colds.
The advice will not be new to
many, but its source should make ii
impressive.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

ing his daughter, Mrs. Paul Bohy,
went to Des Moines Saturday TO visit
his son, Vernon Avaux.
Miss Mary Connolly, who goes to
school at What Cheer, came back
Saturday to visit ner mother Mrs.
Pat Connolly.
Mrs. John Boland and Miss Lydia
Blight were at Rose Hill Monday do
ing some shopping.
March 10. Snowflake.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

made his garden on Monday, March
18th. The ground was in fine work
ing order.
DIR. Dwight Jarvis is having his
barn remodeled so as to accommoe
date more stock, as his large prac.
tice makes It necessary to keep more
horses. W. L. spates has charge OF
the work.
Selma Woods is making some inn
provements in Mrs restaurant with
the intent of putting in q soda foun'
tain.
A. w. Hollingsworth sold a three.
year-old brood mare to C. F. Sar'
Wis for 1926 the past week.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The practice OF throwing refuse,
house Stops and ashes in the streets
and alleys is causing nuisances In
parts of town. Members OF the
council have been considering the
legality OF the passage OF an ordi-
nance requiring residents to Keep a
refuse receptacle into which debris
may be dumped and the stun removed
weekly or as often las required by
city haulers. sD "
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Constant and urgent requests
from Alaska, the Philippine islands,
and from our men-of-war for reading
matter, are being received. Friends
OF the boys who have books and mag.
azines to spare may send them freight
prepaid, to the Army and Navy Y. M.
C. A., 1874 East 2Sth street, New York
City, from which Office they will be
forwarded TO the soldiers and sailors.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The ST. Louis Globe-Democrat
boasts of the fact that Montana
broke its senatorial deadlock by elect
ing a dark horse. born in Missouri.
According to tradition and statistics
Missouri is the land of the mule.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
THAT BIG EDITION.

What Cheer Patriot: The Oska'
loosa Herald got out dandy manu-.
facturers' edition. 1t gave a general
history of the town and told of all
the articles that were manufactured
there. 1t was nicely illustrated with
halftones and literally supported by
display advertising by the business
houses.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The department of agriculture
has invented a breakfast food for
horses consisting of two parts OF
cocoanut meal to one part peanut
meal. Government experts say 1t
will keep horses in good condition at
two-thirds the cost of oats.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The Chicago Tribune attacks
Governor Carroll for vetoing the Ore.
gon primary plan. The Tribune has
troubles enough Of its own in Hi
nois, and Iowa can get along very well
without the Tribune or its exalted
opinions.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
Briefly" s

Briefly" says the Washington
correspondent of the Boston Trans
cript, in reviewing the recent session
of congress, President Taft has put
the welfare Of the American people
above all other considerations. He
has executed the platform pledges OF
1908. He has kept the faith"
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
iowa mud

Iowa mud may be disagreeable
TO walk in about this time of year
says the Brighton Enterprise, "but
if we had farm we would rather
wade it ankle deep all through March
than to have nice clean California
sand TO walk in all over the place"
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

What do you want to get off here
for?" II thought I'd get off here in
the yards said the passenger, mild.
ly, because I've heard of the Bur.
lington station, and won't know
that I'd care to be seen coming out
of IT,"
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
BLYTH.

William Marrice has moved his
family to Marshalltown where he will
make his home.
Mrs. Harry Robinson and William
Robinson and Mrs. John Fottrals
We're Oskaloosa callers Saturday.
Quite number of people here
went. to What Cheer this morning
for the Redmen doings.
Victor Avoux, who has been visit
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

The Keosauqua Republican men
lions incidentally that Ora Hardin,
of Mt. Sterling, will plant 500 acres
of corn on a rented farm this spring.
The Keokuk Gate-City is OF the opin.
ion that Mr.. Hardin will not lack for
occupation the remainder of the pres.
ent year.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Electric stairways are being in
stalled in many of the large passen-
ger depots in this and European coun-
tries. A recent count showed that
for every person climbing the fixed
stairway two hundred and fourteen
rode up on the moving stairs.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

One of the Progressive members
of the Legislature is quoted as say
ing, I'VE propose to stand by our men
until Gabriel blows his horn and the
last of US is called home to roost" =.
If that is progression, what is stand
inaticrn9
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
-"Running away from Iowa to see

Running away from Iowa to seek
climate is very much like emigrating
from Iowa to find opportunity" says
the Marshalltown. Times-Republican.
Iowa abounds in the best of both.
Taken by and large Iowa weather is
the sort in which TO raise men, as
Iowa soil is the best to cultivate pros
narifvv
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

IF aged school teachers in Iowa
were allowed a pension as the Ellis
bill proposed, the Columbus Safeguard
suggests that the age limit would have
10 be set very low to benefit the femi-
nine class. who ever knew
school ma'am TO admit that she was
old enough 10 draw pension? Abso-
lutely absurd" ~.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

All who are attempting to es-
tablish free trade as far as it will
not interfere with their own inter
ests indulge in a form of politics that
has always been a boomerang.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Build the city hall this season
and there will be other big things
doing. Let it slide by, and with it
will go many a private ambition and
pnterprise
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Its a mighty mean man who will
order his paper stopped as soon as
advertisements of Easter boanets ap-
pear" says the Des Moines Tribune.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Some men would rather be poor
and honest and it is the observation
of the Des MOines Capital that most
of them are allowed their wish.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Alex Miller is confident that if a
drunk man in a crowd knew how bad
ly he smelled and how silly he looks
he would sober up.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

1t has been observed that when a
man gets half shot" his family Is
hurt the worst.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

AL Wetherwax is making some i'm
provements at his home on South
Seventh street, The yard is, being
graded and other small improvements
made, s
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Newton Record: The annual trade
edition of the Oskaloosa Herald Ger.
tainly makes a fine showing for that
city. Its figures show that the i'm.
provements of the past year foot up
a million and a half. They have 81
factories and manufacture 100 differ
ent articles.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Here. come back.s cried the
brakeman. This isn't the station.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

II is better to be upbraided for 81
lenee than taxed for speech.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16

Brighton Enterprise: The Oskaloo
sa Herald got out As page "Manufac
turers' Edition" 1t tells all about
that prosperous town with halftone
views of all important places. and is
great advertisement for Oskaloosa
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1911-03-16
w. H. HEATING,

------" xfNUOTITCy tut T IdlIIIIII.
The foregoing Original Notice hav-
ing been presented to me for an or
der, and | being fully advised in the
premises, find that said notice suffi.
ciently sets forth the averments of
said petition as collected therefrom.
| order the same published for four
weeks in the Oskaloosa Herald.
Dated this 18th day of March, 1911,
at Oskaloosa, Iowa.
JNO. f. TALBOT,
Judge of the 9th Judicial District of
Iowa. 34w4
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30
THACKER V. WEBB.

"The days of our years are
three score years and ten; and
if by reason of strength they be
four score years, yet is their
strength labor and sorrow; for
it is soon cut off and we fly
away"
How touchingly appropriate
are these sacred admonitions to
our departed brother, Thacker
v. Webb, who passed away from
this life to that of the %everlast-
ing on May 10Th, 1911, aged rs
years and 20 days Brother
Webb was born in Orange coun-
ty, Virginia, May LIST, 1888, and
was the fifth son Of John V. anc
Mary l.. Webb. Of those now
living are, Mrs. Lucy Whiting Of
Cairo, ILL.,, Mrs. Virginia Whit.
ing of Higginsville, and Judge
Wyatt Webb Of Nevada, Mo
At the age Of two years Brother
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30
OLD MEN MET AT DOVER.
Continued from Page y

to mourn his departure. They
are, j. b. Major of Kansas City,
VIM. Major of Chillicothe, Mrs.
K. L. Greer of Texas, and Mrs.
Ida Myer of st. Joseph.
In the civil war Capt. Major
was active in the organization
of the M. S. G.. Company G. Col.
B. Elliott's regiment, where ne
ranked as 1st Lieutenant.
In 1862 he re-enlisted in the
regular Confederate service,
Company |, Shelby's regiment,
being orderly sergeant of his
company. In 1868 he was COM
missioned quartermaster Of the
regiment commanded by Col.
Elliott.
A short list Of the battles he
was engaged III will give an idea
Of h $ service TO his country.
Coon Creek, Nemtonia, Harris
yll, Springfield, PhleblufTs,
J>n ms Ferry, PrarIe de Am,
Div rs rlulf, Clarendon, Hell
t...g cape Girardeau; inst at
g. lgtoH Jefferson CitY, 8oof-
vll p0tosi, ~Ironton, Pilot Knob
Chlli Bluff, Marshall, 5ldalia,
Independence, Blues, Westport,
Little Usage and lesser battles
and skirmishes too numerous 10
mention. And thus he fought
the battles of the cause he loveC
and in the annals Of history lei
his name appear amongst the
honored.
Aside from ms loyalty U
country and home, he was a ma
eff alTJirs. At one time he wa.
engaged in the mercantile bus
mess in Lexington. At anothe.
time he superintendent a bust
ness project in the mountains o
the west for Mr.. Waddell ant
Russell Major, besides being
successful farmer and stOcl
raiser.
In the "Old Mems Club 0
Lafayette county, the Captai
was a conspicuous and honore
member and a regular attendan
at all meetings until the las
few years when his health PR
vented. He was well know
throughout the county an
leaves a host of friends I
mourn for him.
when God would set our spirit
free
And earth's enchantment end
He takes the most eifectu
means
And robs us of a friend"
Respectfully submitted
your humble committee,
(Signed)
John B. Jones.
Chas. A. Graham
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30

in 1852; married Miss Sallie Xix
in 1856, four children being born
of said union, three of them
still living, wife dead; member
of Christian church; farmer;
p~ostoffice, Lexington.
John W. Vaughan was born
in Franklin county, Kentucky,
July 10, 1886, came to Missouri
in 1856, married in 1862, father
of four children, two of them
living, wife dead; was a COnfed-
crate soldier, captured by Jim
Lane; farmer; postofice, Dover.
j. ]. Willetts was born in
Bourbon county, Kentucky,
June 8, 1886, came to Missouri
in 1877, married in 1868, wife
died in 1898, two children, mem
Der Of Presbyterian church;
farmer; p~ostoffice, Dover.
Here recess was taken for dim
ner, the first order thereafter
being a report by DR.. Harwo)d
for the ladies', as to the matter
of holding but one meeting here
after annually. He stated that
he was instructed to report that
the decision was for two meet
ings a year. Therefore meetings
as heretofore, will be held the
first Saturday in June and the
fourth Saturday in September.
The club was notified of the
death of five members since the
June meeting. James w. Good
win, Charles H. Vandiver, Ben
jamin Elliott, w. L. McGinniss
and Joseph Y. Hutchison-com-
mittees to prepare memorials
beirg appointed as follows:
On the death of James w.
Goodwin-Charles J. Lewis and
w. H. Bell.
On the death Of Charles IL.
Vandiyer-John B. Jones md
, George B. Fletcher.
5 On the death of Benjamin
Elliott-Joseph II. Christy anc
/. w. Carson.
On the death Of w. L. Nc
Ginniss-J. j. Warden and Chas
A. Graham.
Il On the death Of Joseph U
Z Hutchason-C. w. jackson an,
a John f. Neill.
On motion of Mr.. John I
Jones, the wives of all member
we're admitted to membership
'e with all the rights enjoyed b
ie heir husbands.
This being the annual meet
ing, officers for the ensuing yea
D. were elected as follows:
u Joseph H. Christy, Odess;
- President.
John B. Jones, Higginsvill
Vice-president.
o. Frank Bowman, Lexingto.
Secretary.
'o' An invitation was eXtendC
Al asking the club to hold its Jun
IN meeting at Odessa, and the san
III was accepted.
ny President Christy express,
ST. che thanks of the club to the c.
or liens of Dover and vicinity f
oil their lavish and generous he
ne pitality accorded the club.
he The choir sang God be Wi
list You Till we Meet Again" aft
al which prayer was offered
Rev. j. w. Carter and the cl
'ut adjourned to meet at Odes.
IN Saturday, June l, 1912.
vi THE DINNER.
',e' Any one who has ever EMF
,iie ed the hospitality of the &c
zen people of Dover and vicin
vac knows just what feasts Il
NJ prepare, but on this occasi
in honor of the gray-haired
iee triarchs, they fairly surpas
themselves. 1t was not mer
a fine dinner but a genuine fe
ere Of good things elegantly pref
his ed and served with a bounte
eat hospitality which greatly pie
ed the aged guests.
IAN. The tables were lovely in Il
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30

aged fathers recall the occasion
with great pleasure, and with a
longing to meet at Dover again
in the near future.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30

Webb was brought by his par
snts to Lafayette county, Mo-,
where he remained until his
death. At the age Of fifteen he
united with the Baptist church
and ever since has been a con-
sistent member. He enlisted
as a soldier in the Confederate
army early in 1861 and remain
ed faithful to his obligation
until the close of the war.
On June 7th, 1859 he was
united in marriage to Miss Mar
tina Green, daughter of the late
Col. Lewis Green, from which
union were born five children,
two of whom are now living,
Mrs. ]. M. Redd of Dover and
John Webb of Oklahoma.
NJ one enjoyed the confidence
and respect of his fellows more
than he, and in all Of his inter
course with them he was honor
lble and h%igh-minded, and &
ycntleman strictly Of the ole
choci. Quiet and respectful il
lis dcmeanor he seemed never
O have mIde an enemy and pas
Ied a.vay loved md honored b!
Iii w.oa4 good fortune it was t,
ave known him. Peace to hi
sacred memory.
Respectfully submitted
w. A. Redd.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1911-09-30
James Holman
P. W. ATKINSON.

P. w. Atkinson was born in
kentucky, November 10, 1882.
lie was married to Miss Rebeca
9. Hoffman, June II, 1855 and
othisunion 9children were born
He came to Missouri and located
n Jackson county, near Blue
Springs. After two years he
moved to Cedar Grove in Lafay-
ette county, Missouri, where he
made his home with his parents.
Died in Lafayette county, near
Lexington, and was buried at
MI. Tabor, May 6, 1911.
w. M. Kelton.
Zachariah Graves.
w. B. WARREN
died at his home, near Waterloo,
this county, April 27, 1911. At
the time of his death he was in
his SIND year, having been born
in Orange county, Va, January
%, 1880. He had been d resi-
dent of Lafayette county fol-
more than half a century, all OF
that time having lived in the
vicinity of where he died. He
was a member of the Methodist
church, and as a christian al
ways endeavored to discharge
his duty faithfully and withou.
show. He was an honest, sin
cere gentleman of the old school
AS a father he was kind, gentle
ever teaching his children tn
blessing of obeying the Code.
Rule. AS a neighbor he wa
ueighborly and accommodating
q at all times enjoying the fulles
confidence and esteem of a larg
q circle of friends.
r We join with those who kne'
y him best in extending SINGER
Y and heartfelt sympathy to h
bereaved family in their gre;
e loss.
Frank Bowma
Mr.. T. w. Carson moved TIN
m hereafter only one meeting
T. year be held, and the matt
y8 was left to the ladies' for settl
er ment.
n Under the head of remar
I'd talks we're made by Messrs Ca
I'd son, Redd, Christy and Rul
baugh.
Of Three new members were
It. ceived, their biographies bel
gel as follows:
10. Thomas B. Campbell was be
er in Huntsville, Alabama, June
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1911-06-13
The Doo'n Mind.

I have a Skye terrier possessing
what seems to me at least to be an ex-
traordinary knowledge of time. On
each day Of the week, excepting Sat
urday. some scholars pass along a
road at the back Of my grounds. about
p. m, on their way home-ebout a
mile distant. II the dog Is out Of
doors he invariably joins them. &C
companies them home, and returns.
II he should happen to be indoors at
the hour they pass, he sits at a
window watching for them; and when
they appear, he asks plainly and pal
pably to be let out. On Saturday
however, when the school is shut, as
soon as the doors Of my house are
opened in the morning, he makes OF
for the children's cottage, and spends
the week end with them, returning to
me on Monday. And so it goes on for
weeks.-The Scotsman.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1911-06-13

Pitts slap at the Amateur Soldiers
Of England Quoted by Or.
Simon Flexner.

DIR. Simon Flexner, the distin-
guished physician at the head Of the
Rockefeller institute, said at a din
ner in New York, apropos Of GER
tain mooted legislation against med
ical research:
"Our friends would surround
medical research with so many re-
strictions and hindrances as to make
il ridiculous. They would, in fact,
put it in the position of the English
volunteers.
"When England, you know, was
threatened by a French invasion in
1902 there were a great many vol
unteers enlisted. But the articles
Of Incorporation of these volunteers
guarded them very carefully against
too much fighting The volunteers
were not to take the field except in
case of actual INVASION They were
not 10. be put on war rations except
in case of actual INVASION They
were not to be drilled hard except
in case Of actual INVASION
"When Pitt, who was then war
den of the Cirque Ports, read these
articles he frowned and pished. FL
nally, on towards the end of the
document, he came to a provision
that under no circumstances were
the volunteers to leave the country.
Here he lost patience, and, Selling
pen, he added to that provision the
clause:
Except in case of actual inva-
sion.'"