Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1911-01-10
THE ORCHARD AND GARDEN.
How to Protect Trees and Plants from
Eunuous and Insect Pests,


Fungous and Insect Pests.
| (By Prof. L. A. Niven of Winthrop
The one insect doing more harm
than any other to the fruit trees of
our state is the San Jose scale. This
insect is killing thousands of our fruit
trees and has caused a great many
| farmers to cut down their fruit
trees. He thinks there is no way of
plants more. The newly planted
| ones die within a few years from the
same trouble. The San Jose scale is
a sucking insect and may be killed
! by spraying with the lime-sulphur
wash. This insect may be present
| in large numbers without being no
ticed, but when the trees become very
badly infested they have the appear
ance of having been coated with wet
ashes. The trees look scurfy and
gray. The insect proper is very
small, yeilowish in color and lives
under the gray scale.
Now is the time to spray for this
| insect, as any spray material strong
enough to kill it will damage a grow
ing tree. Therefore, the trees must
| be sprayed during the winter while
| they are dormant. Be sure not to
spray for this insect after the buds of
the trees begin to swell. To make
| = ha ,1r,l,
Ions water in a large iron kettle
| one holding sixty gallons if possible
and bring 1t to the boiling point
In another vessel put sixteen pounds
of flower or flour of sulphur and pour
in enough water to make all into a
thin paste. Now pour in the boiling
water in the kettle. Add twenty
pounds of stone lime slowly. If added
too rapidly the Stacking will cause
| the mixture TO boil over. If ii
threatens to boil over add a small
amount of cold water Continue to
boil violently for about an hour, or
until the yellow color has changed
to dark green color. Stir constant
| ly while boiling. AS soon as the boil
ing is finished add enough cold water
| to make fifty gallons. Then strain
into the spray pump tank and apply
| to the tree while warm. Be sure
that every part of the tree and
branches is thoroughly covered with
this material. If this is done thor
Oughly nearly all of the scale will be
killed. This solution should be ap-
piled to the trees every winter wheth-
er the scale is present or not; 1t will
prevent them from ever damaging
your trees seriously. Even if there
isn't one scale present, the spraying
will kill enough fungouS disease
spores to pay for the work and cost of
material. A great many of the spores
that cause fruit rot live over on the
trees during the winter. Remember
| that this spraying must be done be-
tween now and the time the buds be-
gin to swell, if done before next
winter.
The rot of fruit is caused by a fun
gOuS disease. and the trees should be
sprayed with Bordeaux mixture to
prevent it. Bordeaux is made by dis
solving five pounds copper sulphate
! or bluestOne in water. shaking five
pounds of stone lime and pouring
these together Add enough water
| to make fifty gallons. stir thorough
| ly and it is ready for use. If you are
going to spray peaches use only half
strength Bordeaux, as the peach.
plum and cherry cannot stand the
stronger formula. To each barrel of
| the Bordeaux add two pounds of
arsenate of lead. The arsenate of
lead will keep the fruit from being
wormy. Give the fruit trees the first
spraying with the Bordeaux -Arsenate
of lead mixture Immediately after the
blooms fall. Spray with the same
material two weeks later About
two weeks after the second spraying
spray again the Bordeaux mixture.
| leaving out the arSenate of lead as 1t
is no longer needed. A great many
fruit growers are using the self boiled
| llime-sulphur solution for the peach,
plum and cherry trees instead of the
Bordeaux. 1t is made by putting
eight pounds of sulphur in a barrel
in a small amount of water Then
eight pounds of stone lime is added
which brings the solution to a boil.
Don't apply any artificial heat Strain
! the solution, add the arsenate of lead