Perth Amboy evening news., 1911-01-16

which well protects It from external
injury.
The eye communicates with the brain
| through the optic nerve. which passes
through a hole in the back of the
bony eye socket and spreads cut on
the Inner surface of the cavity of the
! eyebail to form the retina. The crys-
tailine lens and Its hgaments divide
the eye into two chambers. the anterior
and the posterior. The anterior cham
Der is very small and lies between the
cornea. or outer surface of the eye,
and the lens. 1t is filed with a fluid
similar to tears. the aqueous hufnor.
The posterior chamber is large and
constitutes the cavity of the eyeball
behind the crystalline lens. 1t Is
filed with a transparent, jellylike sub
stance. the vitreous humor. The iris
Is a circular, muscular curtain. an
extension of one of the coats of the
eyeball. which by dilating or contract
ing controls the amount of light ad-
mitted to the interior of the eye. The
shape of the crystalline lens is also
controlled by the little ciliary muscles,
Varieties of Defective Sight.
Astigmatism Is caused by an IN
equality In the curvature of the COR
lea. This may occur in any meridian
of the eye and requires glasses that
will so bend the rays as to correct the
detection caused by the Irregular sur
face.
Observation-Disclosures Is caused by
an unduly long eyeball from be one
backward. The rays OF Hight meet be-
fore they reach the retina. The coFnea
In such cases Is usually abnormany
convex
Farsightedness.-This is caused BY a
short eyeball from before backward.
The rays of light fail to meet before
they reach the retina.
In both of the above conditions a dis
torted Image Is formed. and glasses
are required either for near or distant
vision.
Importance of Proper Glasses.
The degree of injury that results
from errors of refraction depends upon
the temperament and constitution Of
the Individual as well as the extent of
the error. Just as q little tobacco or
alcohol will in some subjects produce
chaos in the nervous system so will q
slight retroactive error in a person of
unstable nervous organization cause q
profound disturbance OF the general
health.
When a retroactive error exists the
ciliary muscles endeaVor TO correct it
by altering the shape of the lens. I'm
less the error is extreme the effort is
usually successful. and the patient
thinks he has good eyesight. But a
condition OF tension exists in the mech
anism Of accommodation which will
be reflected ia a long train of nervous
symptoms, especially headaches, I'M
less the subject Is Of an especially ro-
bust and resistant type.
If the eye were Hfeless, optical i'm
~strunlent amy shoskeeper would be
qualified to test IT and with a little
training could prescribe correct glasses.
As the eye is a living organ 1t should
be tested with due regard to that fact
and by a physician who can study the
eye conditions as a whole and not
alone the optical conditions which have
been created by a combination OF the
retroactive error ana tie patisnts effort
to correct 1t. BY certain drugs the
accommodation OF the patient is over
come, and the fun degrees of the error
Is revealed. The moral Is not TO trife
with the window of -FOUR BRAIN by
letting some mar on the street Git you
with glasses. You will save money
and health by geiag to the IMAM who
knows" a physician trained to the
work.
When glasses are required they
should be worn-the earlier the bet
ter. Some people keep away from the
oculist just as they keep away from
the dentist, paying dearly in the end.
Bathing tho Eyes.
Ordinarily the eyes are kept clean by
the secretion of the iachrymal glands,
which is a weak saline nudx When
the eyes are irritated by dust Or slight
Iy fnfiamed a solution OF bofacic acid,
ten grains to the ounce of distilled wal
ter, Is a useful preparation. Pure wa
lEI ~ iIIiNhtiH6 &llA SuVAad Ao& bS
rubbed or dashed into the eyes.
There are no mysterious or magic
eye waters or cures for cataract. The
latter trouble Is for the surgeon. All
such nostrurns either contain simple
astringents. in which ease they are
harmless. but unduly expensive, or
they contain powerful drugs, which
mask disease. but do not cure 1t. and
are dangerous when self administered.
In using eye lotions the eye dropper
is preferable to the eye cup. The lat
ter washes the margin of the lids and
may curry infectious matter to the del
icate membrane covering the eyeball.
In acute Inflammation ice cold COM
presses made of gauze and wrung out
in beracic acid solution should be used.
Later en- hot congresses may prove
more servfceable and soothing.
When any member Of the house
hold has inhamed eyes he should ex-
ercise great care not to infect others.
Separate towels should be used ard
subsequently sterilized, and compress
es or handkerehiefs should be burned
or steriiized.
Care Of childrsn's Eyes.
The eyes OF school children should
be examined from time to time and
errors of refraction corrected Those
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