davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1911-10-11
COMMERCE NOTES
Sugar Market Steady.

Alexander & Baldwin received a
cable from their New York office yes
terday, as follows:
Market for nearby sugars steady"
Manoa Club Elects.
The Manoa Improvement Club held
its annual meeting last evening at the
home of Judge H. E. Cooper, and
elected the following officers for the
coming year: President, F. L. VALID
ron; vice-president, Prof. John e. Gil.
more; secretary, Ernest Clark; treas
urer, r. r. Reidford executive COM
mittee, H. E. Cooper, G. G. Guild and
b. Won Damn. The club presented
Judge Cooper with a handsome cut
glass bowl, in token of appreciation
of the kindness of the Judge in per-
hitting the use of his residence as a
meeting place for the organization
during the past year.
Kahului Harbor Bids.
Tenders will be opened at II o'clock
tomorrow morning in the office of the
United States Engineer for the dredg-
ing work to be done by the govern
ment in Kahului harbor. The esti-
mates for this work amount to $14O,-
00O So far as known there are but
two firms which are likely to make
bids for the work-the Hawaiian
Dredging Company and the Standard
American Dredging Company. The
latter company, however, still has
contract on its hands of dredging, Ho-
nolulu harbor channel, but has been
unable to carry out it's contract owing
to inability to get suitable dredge.
PALAMA SETTLEMENT CONCERT.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1911-10-11
The Friend

The oldest and ono of the
most valuable church publica-
tons in this part Of the
world.
BY a special arrangement
with the publishers of The
Friend, The Star is enabled
to offer, for the short period
to the end of the year, both
The Star and The Friend for
the price of The Star alone,
i. G., $500 per annum. That
is, each new subscriber to The
Star for a period of one year,
beginning in October, No
vembcr or December (paid in
advance, of course) will,
upon request, receive The
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

z
JANUARY.
Z Charles w. Morse. convicted New York
banker. began a 10 year sentences In
the United States penitentiary at At
lanta.
a The organized volunteer militia Of the
United States became permanent adj
1unct OF the regular army establish-
fpent by the operation Of the Dick law.
q. John r. Walsh. convicted Chicago
banker, began serving his year term
In the federal prison at Ieavenworth.
Kan.
n. Indictment OF the New York World In
the Panama libel case Quashed In the
United States circuit court in New
York
Edward Payson Weston started from
Los Angeles. CAL. on his walk 70 New
York. SIX
1 The Connecticut .hatters boycott"
case decided In favor OF the plaintiff.
with an award OF damages against the
individuals who Instituted thekboycott
amounting 10 s222.000.
10. Strike OF the street car men began ID
Philadelphia.
n. Rioting in Philadelphia due to the car
mems strike resulted In the DEATH Of
Ave people: 100 injured.
e The Slcaraguan revolutionisto defeat.
ed at Tasma, losing 800 in all.
MARCH
g. General wnikout IN Philadelphia 70 ala
the striking street car men.
q Nicholas Tschaikovsky Russian revo-
iutionist. acquitted on charge OF crime
inai activity.
State wide strike declared in Pennsyi-
vania In sympathy with the Philadei.
phia car mems strike.
Is. George Cannon, cousin OF Leroy Cam
non. American. who was executed by
Zeiaya. hanged fos conspiracy at Co
rtnto. Nicaragua. by order Of President
Madriz.
=. State wide sympathy strike 10 aid
the Philadelphia car men declared on
by the Pennsylvania labor unions.
APnir-
II Col. Duncan n. Cooper. one OF the con-
vieted murderers Of Senator Z. w.
carmaek. pardoned by Gov. Patterson
Of Tennessee.
H. Natives attacked foreigners and burn
ed missions az Changsha. Human PROV
fnce. China
ia Philadelphia car strike ended with
some advantages 10 the strikers
publics at Washington.
MAT.
Z Edward payson Weston arrived at
city hall. New York. having made the
500 mile trip from Los Angeles IN 70
walking days
A DR.. n. G. Hyde declared guilty Of the
murder OF Col. swope and sentenced
20 life Imprisonment
- Nicaragua government forces re-
pulsed IN an attack upon Estrada's
rsvoiutionlsts at Bluenelds.
susa
/ Capt SCOTS antarctic expedition san
ed nom London.
suLr.
& Numerous riots IN which many people
we're killed followed the nevs OF the
ring event AZ Reno.
o Riot and lynching IN Newark. q.
"a Estrada's revolution.sts defeated the
Nicaragua forces AZ Acoypa-
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
DISASTERS At SEA

yANuARY.
u Steamer Czarina wrecked on Coos bay
bar. Oregon coast; 80 drowned.
US yEBRUARx
The United States naval tug Nina lost
on the voyage from Hampton Roads
TO Boston with crew Of 81 on board.
u The French liner General Chanxy
wrecked In gale near the Island Of
Minorca; ita persons persisted.
~ @ lives lost on the Pacific NAVIGATION
company's steamer Lima. stranded n
the strait Of Magellan
MARCH.
q sailors killed by explosion on the
United States cruiser Charleston dur
Ing practice In Philippine waters. I.
H TT NAY.
n Je deaths BY the sinking Of the steamer
Frank II. Goodyear near Port aux Bar
quias, Lake Huron.
Il The French submarine Pluviose ram.
med by ferryboat and sunk with III
her crew Of q In Dover strait 4.
OCTOBER.
q British steamship wally wrecked Of
the Brazilian coast: 30 passengers and
sailors drowned.
q The Haitian gunboat La Liberte was
wrecked by an explosion of Port aux
Paix and sank with 70 persons. In
GLIDING 10 generals.
DECEMBER.
Il German steamer Palermo wrecked on
the Spanish coast. carrying down q
persons
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

George v. amending the In
terstate commerce act OF 1851. became
law.
=. Congress adjourned.
~ Geo. Porfirio Diaz reelected president
SEPTEMBER.
10 Emperor William Of Germany and
Francis Joseph Of Austria met At Vi
ennA.
6 Republican uprising in Lisbon. King
Manuel Of Portugal dethroned Tho
army and navy sided with the revolu-
fionists. who proclaimed a republic.
"a Ex-Governor Charles Y Hughes took
the cath Of once as justice % the
United States supreme court at WASH
ington.
= Gown Prince chowfa Msha vajira-
sudh. who visited this country IN 100.
proclaimed king OF siam
NOVEMBER.
& Insults 10 the American Tag IN the
City Of MEXICO. American citizens at
tackled.
Z Democratic landslide IN several states
IN state elections and q Democratic
house OF Representatives IN congress
rsfurned. Massachusetts,. Connecticut.
Ssw York and New Jersey elected
& 4bNtfl4CFANAN htNtINofa W sA1CtHA fNf@
publican governors. and Ohio rs-elect-
ed q Democratic governor.
"a President Taft sailed from Charleston
on the cruiser Tennessee on an official
visit 20 the republic Of Panama and
tho canal zone
rs President Taft addressed the Pans-
mans at : state banquet and declared
that there would be no annexation Of
the republic q Panama 20 the United
States.
= President Taft reached Fort Monroe
on his return trip from Panamn.
Revolutionary uprisings and some hight
Ing in several cities of Mexico
- The British parliament dissolved By
resai proclamation.
DE-ExnER
4 Gen. rorfirio Dlaz Inaugurated prcsi-
dent % Mexico for the eighth time.
8. The last session % the eist congress
opened.
& President Taft.s message recommend
ed that the Panama canal b. fortified.
ship subsidy limited parcels post
and a halt m legislation on corpora
+ ti0na.
n Associate Justice Edward Douglass
White % the United States supreme
court appointed chief justice Judge
Willis Van Dcyanier % Wyoming and
Jndsr J. ~ Lamar Of Georgia nofni-
mated asnoeiate justices
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10


ord for a mile By driving car over the
COURSE In z.Sa seconds at Daytona
Beach, Fla
Tom Hueston won cushion billiard title
from Fred Eames at Denver.
n Barney Oldfeld won the % mile auto
event at Daytona Beach, Fla, cover
ing the course in 10 minutes.
a Cambridge defeated Oxford In the an
nual eight cared rowing race at Put
ney England e
n. Fitzherbert won the Brooklyn hands-
cap at Gravesend.
1. Lemberg won the English Derby.
s. Cornell won the varsity eight. four
cared race and freshman's eight at
Poughkeepsie.
8. Nuage, owned by Nine. cheremeteff.
won the French Grand Prix. beating
w. X. vanderbilt's Reinhart by a
neck
% Harvard won the varsity races over
Yale atsEew London.
July.
{ Jack Johnson defeated Jeffries In Is
rounds at Reno for the worlds heavy
weight championship.
Il. Uhlan set new trotting record by 60
ing a mile In 1:5sA at Cleveland.
a. Harvester lowered the worlds record
for stations by trotting mile In 2:os
at the Empire City track, Yonkers.
g. William A. Larned. national lawn ten
mis- champion. defended his title at
Newport. defeating Thomas c. Bundy
OF California
a. Novelty won the Futurity and sz5.ss
at Saratoga. with Bashti second.
SEPTEMBER
II. Paul sorg broke the four-in-hand rec
ord by driving a mile In 2:toa. at White
Plains, n. y.
2. Harvester lowered the trottlng record
for stations to 2:ol at Columbus.
OCTOBER.
I. The Vanderbilt cup auto race for 1910
was won by Harry F. Grant: time Z
hours Is minutes IS seconds
Is The Army football team beat Yale,
. TO 8 at West Point.
2. The Philadelphia Athletics beat the
Chicago Nationals for the worlds
baseball championship. : 70 z at Chi.
cago.
NOVEMBER.
Il Harvard beat Dartmouth. IS 10 Q. In a
football game az Cambridge.
Yale defeated Princeton. 10 ;. at
ffthctlon. 49, 7fsnH i- =
Michigan and Pennsylvania played tie
game at Franklin field: score 90
Minnesota defeated Wisconsin by score
OF 3 20 o al Minneapolis.
Cornell beat Chicago In football At Itha-
ca BY score Of IS 20 D
u. Yale and Harvards football match re-
suited IN a %. score game ct New
Haven.
Michigan captured the western football
championship from Minnesota by a
score OF q on Ferry field. Ann
Arbor.
o. The Navy defeated the Army. 10 o.
at football on Franklin field. Philadel-
~phia-
DECEMBER.
:. George Moore made new worlds rec
ord run OF Il at cushion carom bill
lizards M New York.
10 Root and Moran. the Irish American
team. won the day bicycle race In
New York. score ass miles laps.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
NATURES MOODS.

skausnT.
a. Tho river Seine exceeded high water
mark IN Paris. cndnngcring the city
and paraiyzins traffic.
=. Rising q the waters Of the Seine IN
Paris checked by the cessation o. rain:
. square miles Inundated: loss ssti-
mated over fsooooolVo.
rEHnusnr
II Eruption Of volcano possa. Costa
RIca. destroyed ~ lives
q over 70 deaths IN snowslldes On the
mountains Of northern idaho.
xARcH
L About 100 deaths from snowsiides IN
the mountains OF Washington.
8 fnowsIids IN Rogers pass. British Co
lumbis. caused the loss Of upward %
o. lives.
a Violent srowrtorm. wind and freezing
Temperature caused destruction Of bud
ding fruits IN the central lake region,
extending south 20 Tennessee.
rAr
4 Earthquake IN Costa Rlea, province q
Carriage nearly destroyed: estimated
loss Of life over fsnd
IA Earthquake shocks In California.
V. Earthquake shocks AZ los Angeles and
vicinity.
"a The earth passed through the tan Of
IIailey's comet al 1911 D. m, New
York tifna.
~ Violent earthquake shock at Salt rAks
a cioudburst wiped ous several villages
n eastern Hungary and DESTROYED
4 pex,rur,,v. eay,h,,.ats 4, .o,,s.svr
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

sErrENnxR.
q J. l. Hutchinson. former circus part
ner with Barnum a Bailey. died AZ
Shelter Island. ". Y.
o. Gen. Charles n Brayton, noted bind
political leader. died IN rrovidence.
RI.
ocToprn.
no. The White Star line steamship oiym-
pic. the largest IN the world. was
launched az Belfast
q DIT Hawley ". cflppen found guilty
OF the murder q his wife. Belle FL
more. IN the old Bailey criminal court.
London
4 The Occur d'Aieno reservation opened
up 70 general settlement.
"a Prince Victor Napoleon Bonaparts.
pretender 90 the throne ~ France
married Princess ciementine o. Bel-
GUM at Moncalieri Italy.
Count Tolstoy. who disappeared from
his home myntcrioualy IN october. dis
covered In q railway station IN an en-
feebled condition.
=. Or. Hawiey Harvey Crippen hanged
IN London for the murder Of his wife.
Belle Elmore
~ The crews % two Brazilian warships
nutinied IN the harboF % RIO Ianciro
and opened Gre on the city.
q. The magnificent new Pennsylvania
railroad station NJ Thlrty.second street
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

Mayor William J.
Gaynor shot on
board the ocean
liner Kaiser WI
helm der Crosse
By James J. Gala
CHER. a discharged
city employee.
Esirada's revolu-
tionists defeated
the Madriz forces
IN front OF Ma
nagtla
Managua. capital
Of Nicaragua, oc-
cupied By the VIC
torious revolution
lists under Estra-
da Madrir tho
president fed. q
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

OCTOBER
u A fierce storm swept over Europe
causing = heavy loss Of life on the
English coast and on the Baltic
a. A hurricane caused widespread devas-
tation In Cuba.
-. A West India hurricane struck The
coasts Of Florida and South Carolina,
q. Ischia, an island In the Mediterranean,
and Naples swept by hurricane; ~
dead In Ischia.
DECEMBER
{ Heavy storm of rain and snow IN the
northern and eastern states.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
'RECORDOF 1910.
The Events Of the World
Ip Paragraphs.
AVIATION ACHIEVEMENTS.
A Summary Of Affairs 81 Home and
I Abroad Miscellaneous Happen
inss = Explosions - Storms and
shipwrecks- Games and Races.


JANUARY. h
2. clifford Pinchot. chief forester, re-
Z moved by President Taft
FEHEuAHr.
Is. Herbert Gladstone. whose father. W.
+. Gladstone, '.the great commonvr."
I twice declined a seat In the mouse Of
lords. elevated to the peerage.
G4RcH.
H. Ex-President Roosevelt reached Khar-
tum on his return from Africa.
APRIL.
IL Premier Asqusth's resolutions limiting
the veto power OF the house OF lords
carried In the house OF commons by
majority OF I0s.
q. The British house OF lords paused the
notorious Liberal budget bill.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
AVIATION

JAsuARY.
& Leon Delagrange. pioneer aeroplane
experimental, killed by the fall OF =
Bleriot monopiane at bordeaux. France.
I. Hubert Latham, French aviator. beat
the records for height Of heavier than
air machines by ascending nearly s.6oo
feet at Mourmeion, France.
"a Aviation meet opened at Los Angeles.
Cal.
APRIL
q. Louis Paulhan. French aviator. won
the Daily Mall 10000 prize by flying
from London 10 Manchester. England.
LIS miles. In 20 minutes actual time.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

DrcrxBsn
7. Statue % Gen Frederick Wilhelm Won
Bteubcn. a noted figure IN Washing.
toms army during the Revolutionary
! war. unveiled IN Washington
10 Mutiny % brazilian marines al RIO de
Janeifo resulted IN a battle. causing
en- casualties
oficiai figures OF the fssh census pub
rshed. Population. exclusive Of Alas.
IN. m.Tsl.fss including all possessions.
i0i,ia,oo; gain since 1900. Il. 1850
10 Andrew Carnegie gave fio.oo.op 10 IL
cause OF peace.
D. Aviation meet Al Los Angelica
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

r
Glenn II. curtiss
few from Albany
20 New York. fol-
lowing the course
Of the Hudson riv-
or, win ning the
New York Worlds
prize OF $1,000.
JUNE
. Walter s. Brook
ins established new
worlds altitude
record by ascend
ing Asa feet In a
Wright aeroplane
at Indianapolis.
r. c. X. Hamilton
~an "a
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

and Seventh ave
nue. New York,
formally opened
for traffic west and
south.
Mexican tnpops de-
featesi 10 fevois-
fionlsts IN battle
st Chihuahua.
The government
asked for the dis
solution u the su-
gar trust AZ "a
corporation In re-
ssraint % trade"
Mark Twain me
mortal ceremonies
took place IN Car-
nesie hall. New
Vat
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

Read "As I Saw IT," or "The Bor.
rover II The Servant Of The Lender"
foc per copy NJ the Main street Phar-
macy. 2-tf.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

Keeping everIastins1y at II gives
that distinction. style and individual
ny Ne claim for ali our work. The
Holle1ay studio. sy-st
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
Exceptional Offer to
theReaderSOf The
Durham Sun

For short time will offer Handsome Oak Mission Clock TO the
bscbes paper desiring become subscribers The
finished in dial figures hands and
splendid cathedral gong eight days with wndng stands
inches high thirteen inches wde full guaranteed and is of such
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10
GAMES AND RACES

t'- JANUARY.
u Fred Eames won the three cusfiiol
billiard championship Of the worl
from Alfredo De Orc, the Cuban cham
pion, In New York; final score 80 :
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

CLEANING AND pREssING-Quick
work. Prices right. Union Press
Ing Club. opposite court house.
Give us a trial. Phone CSC. g.1mo
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

Ad Wolgast de-
feated Battling
Nelson Tor the
lightweight cham
pionship at Rich
mond. Cal, In "
rounds.
MARCH.
Thure Johansen.
s W ede. set a
worlds Marathon
record by running
20 miles 3G yards
! In 2 hours 90 min
ntes Wh seconds.
Barney Oldfeld.'
Irish-Am erican
autoist. broke the
worlds auto rec
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1911-01-10

/ King George v.
pro ciai m . q
throughout the
British empire.
|. South African un-
Ion proclaimed at
Pretoria.
JUNE.
8. Ex-Presi emit
Theodore Roose-
welt welcomed In
New York on his
return from his
African and Euro
pean trip.
The "railroad@ bill.
creating a court
OF commerce and
a. H.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-04-19
INDIANA BAKERS
MEET AT SOUTH BEND

South Bend, Ind, April 19.-Open-
ing with a reception on Monday night,
for the master bakers of Indiana and
their wives, the convention of the ba-
ker's state organization continued
with business sessions yesterday, fol-
lowing an executive meeting of the
officers. Judge G. A. Farabaugh for
mally welcomed the master bakers. l..
E. Roush responded.
Indiana Bread Laws was the chef
subject at the first session, and it was
handled by w. F. Geller, Indianapolis.
Because of the rules of the Indiana
health department, this subject was re-
garded as the central and vital mat
ter coming before the convention.
There was discussion of the matter
of cooperation between the national
and state organizations. J. H. Chap
man, of Chicago, head of the Illinois
association, spoke on Work Without
Waste, and Getting the Price"
The delegates went for tour of
the city's factories A social session
and smoker was held last night The
meeting closes tonight with banquet.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-04-19
Sweetest Girl in Paris"

Cathryn Rowe Palmer is the name
of a comic actress only slightly famil-
lar to theatergoers. although she has
a long series of hits to her credit in
the east. II is thought that her name
will be better known than the actress
herself. better appreciated. after she
appears here on Monday next in The
Sweetest Girl in Paris" the new extra
vaganza with which Harry Askin be-
gan his tenancy of the famous La
Sale Opera house in Chicago. where
this play opened on August 80.
Miss Palmer is rarity among our
actresses, inasmuch as she is some
thing more than the mere eccentric
soubrette who depends upon a comic
makeup alone to get her laughs. She
has strong, true sense of character.
and it has been said of her acting that
behind and beneath her most extrava-
giant exhibitions is a feeling for life
and an observation of things as they
are that combine TO give a real artistic
value TO everything she undertakes.
Miss Palmer's chief success to date
outside of New York was made in
The Merry go-round." in which she
was co-star with Raymond Hitchcock
in the season of 19oS-09
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-04-19
BED OF OCEAN SHOWN
IN MOTION PICTURES

London, April 19.-An apparatus Ca
pable OF taking motion pictures of
life on the bed of the ocean has just
been completed by NJ Andrea, a
French photographer, The camera.
which is incased in waterproof
frame, can be operated from a boat
The necessary illumination is sup
Piled by an electric lamp, Several
hundred feet of film is wound on Il
spool in the body OF the apparatus.
and this is released by an electrically
controlled spring at the rate of ten
feet second. The entire operation
can be controlled from boat
Some remarkable results have been
obtained during the recent expert
mennts made on the French coast
Many sea plants growing in the sand
rocks covered with varied types OF
shellfish and myriads of minute salt
water fish are clearly depicted in one
of the films taken with marinosraph
Many improvements have yet to be
made to the apparatus before the re-
suits are exhibited in public.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-04-19
Al Local TheQterS
Newlyweds and Their Baby.

This is what George p Murphy of
THE Newlyweds and Their Baby"
company at the Gennett tomorrow
night has to say of laughter:
by means of laughter absolute
monarchs have been controlled upon
their thrones, demagogues have been
checked in their career. and even
Damos himself has been made to
laugh at his own follies till he was al
most shamed into good sense.
Laugh all you can. for it is good
for you.
physicians tell us that laughing
has "A direct and positive effect upon
ones health. The physical move
mcnts caused by Il hearty laugh
causes the arteries TO dilate and the
flow of the blood to hasten. thus pro-
noting an acceleration of vital pro-
cesses. and mental action through
stimulating the blood vessels of the
brain. He who administers medicine
in the shape of wit and humor to sad
hearts is most assuredly Good Sam
aritan."
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-04-19
YOUR MONEY BACK.
Leo n. Fine Sells 6esy's Mustarine
for Neuralgia. Cold in Chest
or Head

Begy's Mustarine is better than
mustard plasters-better than hot
water bags-better than any cough
medicine. poultice or linament for
neuralgia, rheumatism, pain in chest
or back. earache, headache, tooth
ache. sore throat, coughs. colds. or
pain or ache in any part of the body.
Just rub it on, that's all. and it will
do anything that a mustard plaster
will do, and and will do it quicker.
Begys mustarine is always ready
for use. and should always be kept
on hand. II is sold by Leo II. Fihe
with rigid guarantee to give salts.
faction or money back.
Begy's Mustarine equals forty mus
tard plasters brought up-to-date
with all the dirtyness eliminated II
will not blister, Yet acts like magic
Only % cents yellow box, you take
no risk Mail orders filled, charges
prepaid, by J. a. Begy Co, Roches.
ter, y. Y.