davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-12-10
Deviled Macaroni.

Take two cupfuls OF boiled and
chopped macaroni and mix with il "a
white sauce made by cooking together
two spoonfuls each of -four and but
ter, then reducing with a cupful of hot
milk; season with salt and paprika.
add three hard boiled eggs minced. a
Tablespoonful of chopped parsley, two
teaspoonfuls of onion juice and a dash
Of nutmeg; when we'll mixed, pour into
scallop shells, sprinkle the top with
buttered crumbs or cheese as preferred
and brown in quick oven; just be
fore serving make a depression in the
center of each scallop and I'LL with
chilli sauce
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-12-10

Having properly cooked and drained
three-fourths of a pound OF macaroni,
put into a saucepan with one cup to-
mato sauce and the same quantity rich
brown gravy. To make the tomato
sauce, cut one carrot and one onion
in slices and fry in q tablespoonful OF
butter until brown. Add two table
spoonfuls of -four and when blended
pour in one quart OF tomatoes. Season
with q little thyme salt and pepper
and simmer gently for three-quarters
of an hour. Add a teaspoonful of
sugar and strain through a coarse
sieve Add a few mushrooms. fresh or
canned, and two tablespoonfuls of
tongue diced. Season the macaroni
with salt and pepper. add a quarter
pound grated Parmesan and pour the
Serve very hot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-12-10
In Cooking Macaroni.

roni, however served, is always the
same. 1t is to be cooked like rice in
an abundance of boiling sailed water.
three-quarters of an hour or until
perfectly tender. 1t should then be
drained and rinsed with cold water to
prevent the tubes from adhering to
one another. To cut in small pieces
put the cooked tubes parallel on a
board, and cut through all at once.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-12-10

nARIS has always been noted for
- its attractive small shops. Here
IL one finds The dainty accessories
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12
Only Question of Time When He Must
Pass Away.
zation-Area He Occupied in Kansas Reduced
to One-ninth of What 1t Was in 1901

The most interesting of our native
American mammals, If the buffalo be ex-
cepted, is destined, like the latter, to ex-
termination. Already the prairie dog is
passing away before the march of civili-
zation, and although still vastly numer-
Gus in some parts of the Middle West its
species is inevitably doomed.
Ten years ago the area in Kansas in
Tested by prairie dogs was officially esti-
mated at 100000 acres, or nearly 1000
square miles. To-day not more than
one-ninth of this extent of territory in
that State is occupied by the rodent
pests, mainly owing to a systematic war
waged~against them, with the help of the
Federal government, the chief means Of
destruction employed being poison.
BY this large-scale experiment it has
been proved that prairie dogs can be
absolutely wiped out over any area, no
matter how extensive, at a cost Of only
about Il cents an acre If the proper
system be adopted. But il is necessary
that there shall be a general and even
compulsory cooperation in the business
of destroying the animals Cneglect on the
part of any landowner being punishable
by fine), else the dogs" allowed to con-
tinue in occupancy of one patch Of land.
will soon invade and spread over sur
rounding territory which has been cleared
of them.
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

little animals about the size of cotton
tail rabbits. Some sit erect at the
mouths OF their burrows, viewing the
train, while others are feeding or run
ming to and fro. Although ordinarily
the most tlmid Of creatures, they become
at length so far accustomed to the rush
and roar of the railroad that, within
fifty feet of the passing locomotive, they
appear wholly unconcerned.''
The typical prairie dog burrow dips
down at a steep angle from the surface
of the ground and then turns hori-
zontally. Nests for breeding purposes
are excavated on and usually above the
horizontal shaft. At a distance Of four
or five feet below the surface opening is
small side chamber. When the animal
dives into. its burrow on taking alarm
1t will commonly sit in this side cham
Der and scold and bark" only retreat
ing into the depths of its abode in case
the danger seems real and imminent,
Burrows Deep In Ground.
At Alma, Nebr, a biological expert
took the trouble to dig out a prairie dog S
burrow with much care, making a 6ia-
gram and measurements Of II. He found
that 1t went down almost vertically for
a distance of 141a feet below the surface
and then turned abruptly and became
horizontal for 1871 feet. About half way
in the length of the horizontal part was
a pocket-shaped cavity. lined with grass
the family nest. provided for the ac-
commodation of the female and her
young. which usually number four.
The mouth of the burrow is marked
by a small mound, the hole having a
crater-like rim, made compact by the nose
of the animal, to keep water out when
the ground is flooded by a sudden rain.
AS already stated, the prairie dog has
no use for water, even for drinking.
People used to think that 1t must obtain
water In the depths of its burrows, but
artesian wells have been sunk 1000 feet
in dog towns without finding any sign
of moisture. Thanks to a very remark
able provision of nature, this animal,
like the desert rats, is able to obtain
such water as it needs from seeds and
grasses.
The most inveterate natural enemies of
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

There is, however, a continuing and
very effective cause that is steadily re-
ducing the numbers of the prairie dogs
almost everywhere-namely, settlement
and cultivation of the soil. The little
creatures are haters of the nearness of
man. When he arrives, they do not stay
long, although for a while they may do
great damage to his crops, especially
grain and alfalfa. Incidentally, the proc
esses of tillage disturb them, and, where
water is used for irrigation, It is dis
liked. Prairie dogs hate water; they
never even drink it-which is one of the
remarkable facts about these curious
animals.
Does Great Damage.
Nevertheless, where farms are scatter
ed and much of the country is given
up to the pasturing of cattle and sheep.
the prairie dogs do an immense amount
of damage. 1t Is reckoned that thirty
two of them consume as much grass as
one sheep, and that 256 devour as much
as would be required for one COW. On
this basis. the grass annually eaten
within the limits of one great prairie
dog colony in Texas would suffice to
maintain l,562, 600 cattle-the population
Of this colony being reckoned at 4oO,
UUU,vvV.
This, however. is by far the most ex-
tensive and most populous prairie dog
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

burrows, but Is merely placed near oy-a
tablespoonful to a hole. II there are hfty
holes to an acre, one bushel VIII poison
forty acres, at a cost OF 12h cents an
acre. One man can scatter the stun over
fifty acres In a day.
Easy to XIII Them.
The first application will kill 70 to 50
per cent of the animals. But In order 10
accomplish such good results. II must be
made late in winter or in early spring.
when food is scarce. A second treatment
is given, in the same way, about fort
night later, and may be expected to clear
out the occupants Of the few remaining
tenanted burrows.
A preferred method, however, is to use
bisulphide Of carbon, instead Of wheat
for the second treatment. It comes IN the
form OF a liquid, In 50-pound carboys'
costing'10 cents a pound. A tablespoonful
of It is poured on a corncnb or a piece OF
dry horse manure. which is then dropped
into the burrow.. The mouth Of the bur-
row being thereupon closed with earth,
the fumes OF the bisulphide (Which are
heavier than aIr) sink into the depths Of
the subterraneaI passages and stifie the
animals to death. This plan operates
with remarkable effectiveness and sure
ness. 1t is simply a question of little
persistence-the prairie dogs must go.
Just about twenty years ago, one or
two pairs of prairie dogs, obtained from
Kansas or somewhere in that vicinity,
were introduced on the island of Nan
tucket. For several years they increased
slowly in numbers, and were regarded
with some interest and curiosity. Then,
and as II quite suddenly, they began to
multiply at an alarming rate, becoming
very destructive to the farmers crops.
Money was appropriated by the town
council of Nantucket to wipe them out,
and this was accomplished with complete
effectiveness by the use Of bisulphide OF
carbon, so that within a short time not
a single prairie dog was left alive.
Do Not Live in Peace.
Formerly It was imagined that the
snakes and prairie dogs in the dog towns
lived together in peace and harmony.
Also, there are always in such a colony
a great many little owls OF a species
slightly larger than the common screech
owl, which are seen standing about on
the mounds. They likewise were sup
posed to enjoy a sort OF happy family
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

the prairie dog are the coyote. the badger,
the black-footed ferret, and the rattle
snake. The coyote captures the prey by
the sneak-hunt method, concealing him
self behind a bush and grabbing the VIC
time when occasion serves. The badger
digs the prairie dog out Of the burrow
with his powerful foreclaws. The ferret
simply walks into the burrow, glldes
down IL, and devours the occupants at
leisure. So likewise does the rattlesnake.
But It is believed that the snake eats
only the young prairie dogs.
snakes Afraid OF Them.
II the ferrets and snakes were much
more numerous, they would soon wipe
out the Inhabitants of any dog town.
AS for the latter, it is alleged, whether
correctly or not, that the rattler is NOR
tally afraid OF the adult prairie dogs. II
a mother dog finds that a snake has
gone into her burrow, she sets up a
familiar cry, to which her neighbors
promptly respond Gathering about the
hole in a moment they are at work fill
ing it up with earth. The quickness
with which they do this is remarkable;
and when 1t is filed. they butt and
pack the dirt into the mouth of the
prisoned reptile has no chance to es-
cape. The snake is fully aware OF this
danger, and, when invading n burrow,
Is always on the alert and prepared to
escape at the least warning. A hand
full Of earth thrown into a prairie dogs
hole, when a snake is there, will bring
him out with all speed. because he i'm
agines that the dogs are about to seal
him up alive. Such. at all events, is the
understanding Of the facts among peo-
pie who dwell in the neighborhood of
prairie dog towns-though, 1t must be
admitted. naturalists are not prepared
to indorse the correctness of II.
The war against prairie dogs in Kan
sas was waged on scientific principles.
1t was a poisoning campaign, and ex-
perience proved that the most effective
agent. to employ for the purpose was
stryChnIne mixed with wheat. Sulphate
of strychnine is dissolved in warm water,
in which the grain Is soaked for twenty
four hours, or longer, until the moisture
is all absorbed. Then the poisoned
wheat, which costs about IS a bushel, is
dried in the sun.
The correct allowance is two ounces OF
the sulphate to a bushel OF grain. When
the latter is used. it is not put into the
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

town in the United States, occupying an
area 80 miles long and $50 miles in
greatest width. Enormous though the
task involved, measures will have to be
taken eventually for wiping out this
colony It will be attacked systematic
ally, beginning at the edges, and its ex-
tent will be steadily reduced year by
year until the last of the animals have
been destroyed. To a considerable extent
these operations will be helped by the
progress of settlement.
The natural home OF the prairie dog is
what used to be called the Great Amer
ican Desert-a level and slightly rolling
country, stretching from the western
edge OF the Mississippi Valley to the
Rocky Mountains, and from Montana and
Dakota, southUdrd to Texas and Mexico.
1t is treeless region, except along wa
ter courses. But within recent years
farmers and stcck-raisers have invaded
IT, and the depredations of prairie dogs
have begun to be seriously felt-especially
for the reason that, temporarily at least,
encouragement was given to the multi
plication of the little animals by the
growing of crops ION which they fedD,
and by the killing of their enemies. such
as hawks, owls, snakes, and coyotes. In
some districts they have reduced the pro-
ducing capacity of the land by so or even
10 per cent.
War Declared on Them.
The problem in Kansas became so Sc
rlous that, in 1901, war was declared upon
the prairie dogs. with the very satisfac-
tory results already mentioned. In other
parts of the Middle West no such meas
ures have been adopted. but, owing to
the progress OF settlement, the numbers
Of the animals are becoming steadily less,
and the areas occupied by them are d.
minishing. There are still many dog
towns" however, covering from 100 to
1000 square miles, with an average of
twenty-five to fifty burrows to the acre.
Prairie dogs are emInently social crea-
lures. and are always found in colonies.
Says DR.. c. Hart Merriam: Crossing
the United States by any of the trans
continental railroads, on the second day
out from Chicago, the traveller looking
out of the car window sees colonies of
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12

existence with the dogs and snakes. It
was very charming idea, and found its
way into many a natural history book
written for children. Scientific investfga-
ton, however, has entirely disproved it
the fact being that the owls, the snakes,
and the prairie dogs are continually at
war. The snakes. as already explained,
cat the young prairie dogs, and often.
doubtless. devour the eggs Of the owls,
which themselves find in the prairie dog
a regular source of provender. But it
Is not true, as alleged, that all three live
in one burrow together. On the contrary
the rattlesnakes dwell, and the owls
make their nests, in holes which the
prairie dogs have deserted
RENE BACHE.
The Washington herald., 1911-11-12
PRINCESS ALEXANDER OF TECK.

ALEXANDER OF TECK,
Wife OF Queen Mary's youngest brother, who holds
PECULIAR position in the, English court Queen
Mary demands that PrinceSs Alexander keep sloof
from the nOnroyal peers, but has not given her
special privileges at court. Thus she IS Dracti-
cally forbidden the society of nOnrUyal peers and
reeresses. yet not allowed to mingle with the
Queen immediate suit. The princess has taken
matters into her own hands and bis given out
list Of future entertainments. whose guests will
include people with whom she is friends, regard
less Of her sSter-in-laws wishes
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Old Time London Sundays.

Now and then one hears Londoners
complaining that their Sunday is too
dull They want more amusements,
attractions. life. But had they lived
in the seventeenth century they would
have found a vast difference. At that
period a Sunday in London was day
of trials. One had only to fetch or
carry to break the Sabbath. Men were
fined for carrying such things as
haunch of venison and pair of shoes.
while another individual had to pay
UP for swearing on Sunday. A duke
and knight were fined again and
again for riding in their carriages on
the first day of the week, and one I'M
fortunate pedestrian had to pay SOW
ereign because he was caught in the
act of strolling from Bristol to Bath
on a Sunday.--Pearson's Weekly.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Spruce Trees Nursed by Pines.

A singular fact with regard to the re-
lations of different species of trees has
been brought out by the reforestation
of the peninsula of Jutland, Denmark.
1t was observed that when planted
alone spruce trees did not prosper,
but that if a spruce was planted near
mountain pine it grew up vigorously.
Further experiment has shown that Il
the pines are placed near the spruces
at the beginning and after being al
lowed to grow together with them for
a few years are cut down the benefit
to the spruce continues. The phenom-
enon is not understood, says Profes-
sor J. W. Harshberger, but it is sup
posed that the roots Of the mountain
pine are inhabited by some mycorhiza
which produces the nitrogen needed by
the trees and that this organism is
transferred to the roots of the sur
rounding spruce. Once the infection
has taken place the presence of the
pine is no longer necessary.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Interesting Local Hints

Yankee bread. like homemade. =
Pringle Bros. & Keller.
Fancy Snow apples and sweet ap-
pies. -Pringle Bros. & Keller.
just received fresh car White Lily
flour. -Pringle Bros. & Keller.
-Pringle Bros. & Keller's for fancy
cranberries, sweet ponatoes, celery and
grapes.
Tycoon, the best SOC tea in town. =
Pringle Bros. & Keller.
Order your groceries at Pringle
Bros. & Keller's; two phones, prompt
delivery, two wagons.
We give Is pounds of cane sugar
for $1.00 next Saturday. Ratzlaff
Bros.
MONEY TO LOAN on personal prop
erty or first or second or third mort
cages or real estate. Loan & Adjust
ment Co., PA Hayes Blk, GAINESVILLE,
Wis. 45t4
Barn to rent for day stabling. In
quire of Mrs. A. w. Bentley or DR..
McChesney. IA
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
WISCONSIN TOBACCO MARKETS.
Continued From Page ~

take over the new crop at certain
range of prices, and thus far there are
few instances Of any Of their number
having strayed outside the range in
question. Buyers have adopted the
still-hunt plan and are picking up good
crops here and there quietly. Growers
who have sold their tobacco are saying
much less about prices than ordinarily.
An active market is reported in
Southwick, Mass. Half dozen buyers
were in town last week. Some of the
best crops went to Hinsdale Smith &
Co. of New York and Springfield.
Two rainy days last week enabled
growers to take down early harvested
tobacco and incidentally threatened
pole-sweat damage to late harvested
crops. A considerable amount of primed
tobacco is ready for delivery. Only a
small part of the tobacco harvested by
the old fashioned method of cutting is
sufficiently cured to take down.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
West Porter

Mrs. Connors of Milton is visiting at
c. w. McCarthy's.
Mrs. Mary Downey of Edgerton
spent Tuesday at c.. w. McCarthy's.
Andrew Smithsted and family of
Brodhead visited at Gus Olson's last
week.
Mrs. Painter of Edgerton visited
with her cousin, Mrs. Tom Stearns on
Thursday.
Mrs. Mary Downey and Mrs. c. w.
Mccarthy visited relatives at Wauke-
sha on Sunday.
Mrs. F. Fessenden and children were
pleasant callers at Mrs. r. L. Earle's
on Thursday.
Word was received on Saturday by
relatives that an eleven pound boy ar
rived at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Will
Roth at Boise City, Idaho. Mrs. Roth
will be better remembered as Miss
Abbie Mccarthy.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Porter

Mrs. Will Connors of Milton is visit
Tag friends here few days.
Frank Boss family were entertained
at the home of w. H. Flarity IN Ed
gertOn on Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. James Barrett gave a
very pleasant cinch party on Friday
evening to large number of friends.
Mrs. Chas. Jones won first honors and
Fred Fessenden gentleman's prize,
while John Collins received the conso-
lation At midnight tempting menu
was served when all departed hoping
the remainder of the series of parties
would prove as enjoyable.
Rev. Father Harlin spoke the words
on Wednesday morning, Oct. Is, that
united in marriage Mr.. James Riley
and Miss Cora Ford. Mr.. John Dooley,
cousin of the groom was best man and
Miss Carrie Mulligan, cousin of the
bride, assisted the bride. After the
ceremony the wedding party assembled
at the home of the brides father, M.
Ford, where sumptuous wedding din
ner and supper was served to about l5O
guests. The happy couple were the
recipients of some very handsome and
useful presents from their numerous
friends, as both young people have al
ways lived in our midst and were gen
eral favorites. They begin life to-
gether with the best wishes of all.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Hog Cholera Again.

Hundreds of hogs on a number of
farms near GAINESVILLE are seriously af-
flicted with hog cholera and many ami
mails are reported dying daily. AS
result of the alarming spread of the
disease, several farmers have appealed
to the state college of agriculture for
aid in checking the contagion, and B.
A. Beach, a veterinarian connected
with the state school, paid his second
visit to GAINESVILLE for the purpose of
vaccinating several animals and placing
them in diseased herd belonging to
prominent breeder.
The districts directly east and west
of GAINESVILLE are given as the sections
most seriously afflicted, the most seri-
Gus case of the disease being confined,
perhaps, to about a dozen or fifteen
farms With the tendency of the
disease to spread rapidly, however, the
fact that there are even so many farms
affected, imperils, practically, every
farm in the surrounding country.
Fifteen pounds cane sugar at Ratz-
laff Bros. Saturday.
You can buy Marvel flour at Conn's
for $1.35.
Buy your pears for canning and
picking at Conn's.
The best tea and coffee in town at
Conn's.
Everything in vegetables at Conn's.
You get fresh fruits at Conn's.
Fresh oysters at Conn's.
You always get fresh groceries at
Conn's.
The Malleable Range sale at Filing
sons will continue during the week,
closing Saturday night. Hot biscuits
and coffee, made by the Mallable girl.
will be served. IL
-Ellingson invites all to attend the
sale of Malleable Ranges. Sale closes
| Saturday night, October 10TH A pres
enJ worth $3.50 if you buy Range at
| this sale. I'll
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20

Atty T. P Sherwood of Green Bay
spent Sunday with relatives here.
Roy Marsden was the guest of Dan
lei Pierce Jr. Wednesday night of last
week.
The adjourned meeting of the Gene
terry association will be held next Tses-
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Craig and family
visited friends at GAINESVILLE last Satur-
day and Sunday.
Mr.. Geo. Sherwood ST., Mrs. Naset
and daughter Beulah are visiting rela-
tives at Green Bay and Seymour.
Mrs. Arnold Slagg, Mrs. Wilmer
Slagg, Mas. Jens Naset and Mrs. Geo.
Sherwood spent last Wednesday al
GAINESVILLE.
Mrs. Ann Hall, accompanied by Mrs.
James Spike of Edgerton, left Satur.
day for California where they expect
to spend the winter.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Waterfalls. In Japan.

Waterfalls in Japan are almost
countless. There is one at every turn,
and where there was not one in the
beginning the Japs have made one, for
1t is their passion. Every little garden
has a fall or two or it would not be
considered a garden. There are many
very beautiful ones in various parts
Of the country, and they are all of
them shrines visited by thousands of
pilgrims every year
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
Mean Reply.

"Talk about manr' exclaimed the
suffrag ist. What has man ever done
for woman?"
Hes furnished her with a model
she's trying burned hard to initiate
came voice from the rear of the hail.
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20
The Best You Have.

Always give of the best that is in
you. Feel responsibility toward your
self and your work. Never be con-
tent with compromise with work.
Give an employer the best that you
have in you to give.-Belvedere
The Wisconsin tobacco reporter. (Edgerton, Wis.) 1877-1950, 1911-10-20

We are showing the most complete
line of women's, mems and children's
winter underwear we have ever had
the pleasure of showing. We carry a
complete line of the famous Mentor
underwear and no part of the wardrobe
gives more pleasure or comfort than
proper fitting underwear Our prices
on those goods you will find as attrac-
tive as the garments are themselves
T. P. Burns, GAINESVILLE, Wis.
A number of well bred Shropshire
bucks for sale by John Hurd. 47tf