davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
St. THOMAS MEN
HERE FOR GAME

Minneapolis. Oct. 2S.-The st.
Thomas football players left last
night for Fargo for one Of their most
important games of the year. They
viii play the college team OF that place
and hard, fast game is looked for
ward to. About fifteen men mad the
trip. With a good claim already in
for the state championship because of
their defeat OF the st. Cloud normals
and the Manchester team, the purple
and gray il out to annex the title
OF the Dakotas IL they can bring home
the goods. The Fargo team il one
Of the strongest teams in the north
ern state and a defeat by the st.
Thomas team would do much TO help
their claim TO the championship, which
they held last year.
Coach Ryan has had his men out Tor
scrimmage every night this week and
much Improvement has been made.
The team that will meet the local
school arrived in the city this morning
and feel well pleased with the trip and
college.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Mlnnasota Win Win.

Minneapolis, Oct. 2s.-The Iowa
football team hopes to hold Minnesota
to a low score today, but the dope
favors the gophers for an easy VIC
tory. The visiting team has arrived
here and conducted practice In the
West hotel under the supervision Of
Coach HawIey. former University OF
Minnesota football player.
Coach Hawley said: "The trouble
with us Is that we have had alto
gether too much work already and the
men have gone stale. Last Saturdays
defeat at the hands of Cornell showed
that. We don't expect TO do anything
remarkable. UP to date we have no
great record and we have no reason
to hope for much. We hope for the
best and that's about all.
we will so into the game OUT
weighed in the line and backfield; our
baclfield men being especially light.
Curry, our regular quarterback. is out
of the game and Meloy will run the
team
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
At Northwestern camp.

Chicago, oct. %. - Northwestern
football eleven held it's final scrim-
mage yesterday preparatory to the
game today with Wisconsin. The
freshmen were first sent against the
varsity, using Wisconsin formations,
but were unable to gain. Hammett.
the purple coach, thought the failure
of the freshmen to advance the bali
might be due more to the weakness
of their team than to Northwesterns
ingenuity Ia stopping badger plays,
and so ordered the scrubs to attack
the varsity with the entire list Of
wisconsin plays the Northwestern
scouts had gathered.
In a fifteen minute scrimmage the
second team was unable to do much
better than the freshmen, the varsity
mailing every play the scrubs at
tempted.
Hammett believes that with an even
break Of luck Northwestern will win.
Injuries to Gruhn, Kraft, Wells and
Wandrack have given the Evanston
coach considerable worry and should
these players fail to round into shape
by tomorrow, Northwestern rooters
win lose some of their confidence Of
a victory.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
SECONDS AT MAYVILLE
Coach kaImhaeh VIII Take A. C.
Second Team Men on for Game
at MayviIIe.

This morning the A. G. second team
left for Mayville, where Coach Kahn
bach's warriors will meet the Mayville
Normal school this afternoon.
The men on the second team are
playing much better ball than earlier
in the season ana working with more
machine like methods. It is hoped that
the second team men will be able to
bring home the big end OF the score.
The following men will represent
the a.. c.:
r. e.-Hall
r. t.--RommeI
+. g.-Botsford.
c.--Whitney.
!. g.-Thompson. Carr.
/. t.-Bjornson.
]. e.--Mikkelson.
q. b.--McKee.
+. b.-Sonquist, Wilson.
r. h.--Keifer.
!. h.-Simpson.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
FOOTBALL GAMES TO-DAY.

Fargo I'll. s. VS. Wahpeton III. s. at
Fargo q p. m. Athletic park.
Fargo college VS. st, Thomas at
Fargo (S:15 D. m. Athletic park.
N. ID. Aggies VS.. s, d. Aggies at
Brookings. s. ID.
Grand Forks H. S. VS.. Grafton H S.
at Grafton.
Univ. Of N. D. VS.. Manchester at
Grand Forks.
wisconsin VS.. Northwestern at
Evanston.
Indiana VS.. washington at Bloom
ington.
Michigan VS.. Vanderbilt at Ann Ar
Dor.
Minnesota VS. Iowa at Minneapolis.
Nebraska VS.. Missouri at Lincoln.
Iowa State VS.. GrinnelI at Ames,
Purdue VS.. DePauw at Lafayette.
Lake Forest vs.. Knox at Galesburg.
Northwestern college vs. Ripon at
Ripon.
Oberlin VS. Case at oberlin.
Ohio State VS.. Ohio Wesleyan at
Columbus.
Amherst VS.. Norwich at Amherst.
Army VS.. Lehigh at West Point
Bates VS.. Maine at Orono.
Bucknell VS.. Rochester at Rochester.
Lafayette VS.. Carlisle at Easton.
Colby VS.. Bowdotn at Waterviile.
Cornell VS.. Pittsburg at Ithaca
Dartmouth VS.. Vermont at Hanover.
Dickinson va. Ursinus at College,
vile.
Georgetown W. St. Johns at wash
ington.
Hamilton VS., Middlebury at Middle
bruy.
Harvard We. Brown at Cambridge.
Haverford VS.. Franklin and Marshall
at Lancaster.
New York U. vs.. williams at viii
Jamestown.
Princeton v. Holy Cross At Prince
ton.
swarthmore VI. Rutgers at swarth-
more.
stevens v. washington college Al
Chesterton.
Syracuse VI. Springfield r. ). II
| Syracuse.
Trinity vs.. wesleyan ct Hartford.
Union vs.. Hobart at Buffalo.
Pennsylvania W. Pennsylvania State
at Philadelphia.
Virginia VI. v. NJ. + at charlottea-
willie.
Washington and Jefferson vs. West.
minister AZ Washington Pa
Yale W. Colgate at New Haven.
| Forum want ADS Get Quick Results
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Gillette viii Not Play.

Madison, wis. oct. 2s.-With the
largest squad or football players that
ever left here the wisconsin aggrega-
ton entrained at 1885 Friday for
Evanston. where they are scheduled
to meet Northwestern today in the
opening game Of the big eight" Sc
ries. There were thirty one men in
the party. and from Captain Buser
down to the subs the men were OF the
opinion that they would roll up a
larger score against Coach Hammett's
eleven than they piled UP against Col
orado last Saturday.
Eddie Gillette, Wisconsin's left half
back. win not be in tomorrow's lineup,
Van Ripper, last years freshman star,
who did such work against Colorado,
being given that place. Another man,
who will be missed is Ofstie, the sea-
sons ind at right end, who was kept
out of the Colorado game by injuries.
His condition will make it impossible
for him to play tomorrow. LANCE
an able sub, will replace Ofstie. Pierce,
the 22O pound center, came out OF the
hospital yesterday, but owing to the
great game Branstad, last years CEN
ter, has been playing, may not get a
chance to oppose Hammett's men.
The Wisconsin's defense has been
so good in the games played thus far
the rooters are confident Northwestern
will not be able to bulge it.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
' s.. Il IN THE SPORTING HIPPORDOME
Big College Football Games
Have Been Scheduled for Today

first Of the big intersectional contests
played here this season.
Eight OF the members of the Van
derbilt eleven which played Yale to a
tie in 1910 are ready to face Michi-
gan
Michigan INDUCED In light practice
last night to finish it's preparation and
Coach Yost expects small score vic
tory. He has said that he believes
victory over Vanderbilt will assure
his eleven success In the coming bat
ties with Syracuse and Pennsylvania.
With the exception Of Garrels. who re-
places Allmendinger at guard, Michi-
gan's lineup will be the same as faced
Ohio State last Saturday.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Harvard May Lose.

Cambridge. Mass. Oct. 2s.-what
may prove to be one of the best foot
ball games on the eastern college grid
iron this season will be played in the
stadium today between Harvard and
Brown. Football scouts from Yale,
Princeton, Trinity and Carlisle are ex-
pected to be on hand TO pick up valu-
able hints for future games with the
contestants.
Both teams will go into the con-
test with unsullied goal lines. while
Brown will have the additional credit
Of having defeated Pennsylvania and
points than Harvard in the games SO
far this season.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Missouri and Nebraska.

Lincoln. Neb., oct. 2S.--With crisp,
clear weather In prospect, today's
football game between Nebraska and
Missouri is regarded as the one which
may decide the Missouri valley cham
pionship. The advance sale of seats
indicates a large attendance.
Headed by Coach Brewer, nineteen
tiger plays have arrived and were
given a short workout The players
on both sides are regarded In good
condition.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Fiaher Mas indicted.

San Francisco. oct. zs.-FrankIe
Neil, well known lightweight pugilist,
was indicted by the federal grand
jury here today on charge of having
passed a bank not which had been
raised from 50 to $50. Neil says he
passed the note as joke.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
GIRL INJURED.
siIvsrIsaf Child Has Leg Crushed Un-
der Barrel.

Cakes, N. D.. Oct. 2s.--Lillian, the
s-year-old daughter OF Mr.. and Mrs.
A. ID. Babcock OF SiIverleaf. met with
very severe and painful accident. 1t
appears that Mr.. Babcock had pur-
chased a barrel OF gasoline. arriving
home late in the evening so that II
was moved from the wagon at that
time. While taking 1t OFF the wagon
the children were standing around
watching the operation. The barrel,
which was very heavy got away from
Mr.. Babcock and struck the ground
with considerable force, and as 1t
bounded back struck the child. Her
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Eels Moe of Christine will not
wrestle for at least a month after his
match tonight. He will go to Mon
tana in few days where he will look
after some business matters before
again returning to the mat for the
winter.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Many Marquette Men Injured.

Milwaukee, Oct 2S.--victcry by a
close score win satisfy Coach Juneau
OF the Marquette university eleven in
the game with De Paul university at
Chicago Saturday. With eleven OF
his regular men In the lineup this is
as much as juneau can expect. The
Milwaukee squad win enter the game
minus the service of Water and Hanley.
their star tackles: Curtin, end: Wal
dron. half back; and Thaclxeray, full
back. Their places win be taken by
second and third string men.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

There is a chance for Eskii OLSON
to show his real colors. He and
Johnny Eliadis are just about a match
as far as size is concerned and 1t
offers an excellent chance for both
men to get before the public.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

leg was broken, the bone being bad
ly shattered near the hip joint.
The injury lis OF such nature that
ii Is feared that the limb may be per-
manentiy affected by the accident.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

both teams. Captain Gpraclling Of
Brown II host IN himself. and with
me aggregation OF weight and spirit
with which hs u surrounded On the
Brown 1914 team. there i littls unes-
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
NAV surnri.a Wolverines.

Ann Arbor, Mich, Oct. 2s.-Confi-
dent Of springing the same surprise
year ago, Coach McGuigan and his
Vanderbilt university football squad
reached Ann Arbor yesterday. To-
days game with Michigan will be the
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

II you nave young children you have
perhaps noticed that disorders OF the
stomach are their most common all
ment To correct this you win find
chamberlain's Stomach and Liver
Tablets excellent. They are easy ami
pleasant to take. and mild and gentle
In effect. For sale by all dealers.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Boston. Oct. 2s.--The contest today
between Harvard and Brown il con-
sldered the most crucial test OF the
eastern schedule owing 70 the
strength displayed this year By the
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

with two regulars out of the game
today the University Of N. ID. line will
be rather weak, compared with lines
in other years.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
TO Beat Kentucky.

Cincinnati Oct. 2s.--Contident of
defeating their old rivals, Kentucky
state university at Lexington today, a
squad Of twenty men OF the Univer-
sity of the Cincinnati team left last
night for that city. The local team
is in excellent condition for the game.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Fargo college athletes who have
gone out to larger schools, have almost
invariably made good with a bang.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Leo Kossick and Kid williams have
signed articles for a match to come
off in the very near future.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Sporting Editors Corner
And the wOrId's serIes is over.

And the world's series is over.
The first real college football game
is being played today-as far as Fargo
is concerned.
Stock at the A. G. football grounds
is not worth as much now as 1t was
about one week ago.
Leo Kossick and Kid williams have
signed articles for a match to come
off in the very near future.
Fargo college athletes who have
gone out to larger schools, have almost
invariably made good with bang.
Waterloo, Ia. is going to make a
hard fight before being placed in the
has been baseball class. Fargo Is in
that class as far as league baseball
Is concerned.
Do not tell anybody, but Mason
Spalding. last years star fullback of
the Fargo college team is just aching
to again get back with his old team
mates and help out in the A. c. game
He Is not eligible to try out for the
University OF Illinois team, which
gives his football spirit a hard blow.
The football stock at Fargo college
stands q chance Of taking a boom.
Walter Bayard's father wants him to
return to school and play the gridiron
game and sometimes parental per-
suasion has good deal Of influence
especially when a son Is not wanted
to play football. The followers OF the
little college on the hill are wonder
ing II the scheme cannot be worked
the other way to their advantage.
The football game today between
Fargo college and St Thomas prom
Uses to be the first real test of the local
college players. The two teams seem
evenly matched and victory for the
locals will mean a good deal, while a
defeat would in no respect mean dis
grace. st. Thomas has had great foot
ball teams during recent years and the
double header today should attract a
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Jubilee Messenger Service now open
For business. phone 5T6.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28
Scores Yesterday.

Haskell 6, william Jewell s.
Kansas i. Kansas Normal (Soccer).
Oklahoma 81, Washburn 0.
Illinois college As. Bradley Poly 0.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

ton but that he viii be able to hold
the Cambridge men to hard game.
Harvard Ii depending for its strength
largely On three stars. Tom ErOthing-
han, Parnaenter, and Eddie GRAM
stein.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Waterloo, Ia. is going to make a
hard fight before being placed in the
has been baseball class. Fargo is in
that class as far as league baseball
Is concerned.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Forum want Ads Get Quick Results.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

record breaking crowd at Athletic
park.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

Stock at the A. G. football grounds
10 not worth as much now as 1t was
about one week ago.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1911-10-28

The first real college football game
is being played today-as far as Fargo
is concerned.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
PARENTS LONG FOR SON.
Harry Howe. Aged II. Leaves Home
and Sends Back No Word.

Mr.. and Mrs Edward f. Howe who
live on d Farm two and ore-hait miles
southwest OF the city. are mich Wor-
ried over the Disappearance OF their
son, Harry, aged il. who left home
on June 2S ard has not been heard
from since, either directly or in
directly.
Mr.. Howe took up the matter Of his
sons disappearance soon after The boy
left home, with the sher.fs office, not
wanting TO take i To the newspaper
because Of the publicity il would cause
The circulars issued and sent out from
the sheliff's office have awaited moth
ing, and IN desperation Mr.. Howe has
appealed TO the T..-R. 10 sec II i can
help him ind MS son.
Mr.. Howe says tina: his sons home
life was pleasant. and there had beea
no trouble. buc the boy had desire
to get out and shift for himself. and
was anxious to get north into the Da
ko,as He Is willing 20 work. and
probably already has sought york and
is working for some farmer. The lad
3 a competent farm hand, and s
handy with both horses and machin-
cry.
When young Howe left home he
rode his bucksk:n pony. bearing new
saddle He may have them with him
still, and again he may have sold them.
for he had not 10 exceed $3.50 IL
money with him when he left home.
The boy is described as being five
feet. seven or eight inches tall, weigh
ing 40 pounds, with light blue eyes,
fair com plex;on, light brown hair. ard
full face When he left home he vas
wearing a blue serge suit "tth light
felt hat. and took new gray suit
with him.
The parents are mos anxious 70
hear from their son. # nothing more
than to know that he Is all right.
Much better would they feel should
he return home.
The lad is said to he of good habits,
and anxious TO work He has no de-
sire for life in town. and would much
rather be on the farm Until last year
he attended the high school in this city,
having quit school in the tenth grace.
Should any reader Of the Times Re
publican know OF the whereab bouts Of
the boy they will confer favor upon
MS parents by advising either them or
the Times Republican. The Ho"es re-
side on r. 2 D. No 4 out Of this city.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
Sunday Church Services

Sunday church services and sermon
subjects Of pastors have been an
nounced as follows:
Congregational. Rev. B. F. Martin
Morning. 1.-The Triumph Of Peace;" or
"Will We Ever Have Universal Peace?
If so, When" No evening service.
Methodist, Rev. s. E. Ellis-Morning.
The Majesty of the Soul;" evening.
Prom Jerusalem to Jericho" sermon
in the series of travel experiences Of
the pastor thru the Holy Land.
Baptist. Rev. James McGee-Morn-
ing. 1.-The Perversity of CAIN" evening.
The Paramount Christian Obligation.
First United Evangelical. Rev. E. j.
Notwithstanding. Conservation" eve
ming "a Dream
Presbyterian-Profes Bailey OF
Coe College. Cedar Rapids, will occupy
the pulpit in the morning; no evening
service.
Friends, Rev. E. H. Brown-Morn-
ing. THE Home and Religion;" even
ing. missionary meeting. with address
by Mrs. Anna Marshall, of Union.
First Church of Christ. Scientist
Morning, "Sacra ment."
Central Church of Christ. Rev. c. II.
Notwithstanding, strengthened For
Conquest;" evening. "Sweetening the
Spring
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
ESTEL TO BUILD.
Sale o. Second Ward Properties Re-
suits in Plans 10 Build


The sale OF two Second ward prop
critics is 70 result in the building Of
new modern house in the same ward
this summer. benjamin Packer has
sold 10 l.. /. Clark. Of this city, his
home at 407 North First street. for 81
300. Mr.. and Mrs. Packer. desiring a
smaller dwelling. have purchased of W.
f. Estel his residence at 3os North
Center street for $3.50. The pur-
chasers are to take possession within
short time.
Ny and Mrs. EStel will build on the
lot thev own at 315 North Third street
q modern six or seven room house to
cost So. 0oe 20 $500. The work Of build
ing Will be begun soon. Mr. Estel will
go 10 the home Of his father. Mr.. An
ton Estel. 311 North Third street, to
live temporarily while the new dwell
ing Is being built. Mrs. Estel, who i;
in Colfax, will be away most Of the
summer
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
ENJOY DUTCH" PICNIC.
State Center and Former State Center
Women Have Fine Day.


Several weu-known State Center
women. and others from this city who
formerly lived in State Center, enjoyed
a happy reunion and picnic Friday at
the home Of M and Mrs. W. H. Stipp.
404 North Fourth street, when
they We're entertained by Mrs. Supp,
Mrs. j. E. Lander, and Mrs, Charles
Wiley AT an all-day Dutch picnic
Tho guests came dressed as
German women. and portion OF
them had invested IL musical
instrument that made UP dot lettle
Cherman pand" AT the noon hour din
ner was served IN the house, the menu
comprising a typical German spread,
with sauer kraut. wienerwursts. rye
bread. ard coffee included. The con-
yersation turnout the day was carried
on in German just as far as possible.
and as an aid 20 the more AnericanlZed
quests Mrs. S c. Mcfarland was pres
c71 as a guest and Interpreter. The
decorations were characteristic of the
.faderland," and German place cards
were used Grace Wiley, attired as
German peasant girl, presided at the
punch bowl and served lemonade ana
ginger ale Mrs. Charles W. Patton as
sisted the hostesses in serving. In the
evening picnic supper was served on
the lawn
The State Center guests were Mes
DANES Harry Stouffer, I. D. Kaufman.
Theodore Engle, J. l.. Mcmahon. b. f.
West, Lille Barnett. W. E. watson. f.
II. Schilling. ". y. Gilbert. Frank Ball.
and Oscar Gohlke, and Miss Alice Dob
bin Those present from this city
we're Mesdames George Gregory. c. B.
Mason. H. H Center, S. W. Morgan.
and Charles E. Smith, and Mrs. A. p
Lowery, of Oklahoma City.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
To Surprise r.ma Relatives.

Mr.. and Mrs. George Marx and
daughter Gertrude, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Stegall and son Donald, and Mrs.
Rachel Campbell and children will go
to Tama tonight TO visit over Sunday
with Mrs. Ira Weaver and family. Mrs.
Weaver Is sister Of Mesdames Marx,
Stegall, and Campbell. The affair is
planned as surprise on Mrs. Weaver,
the occasion being the anniversary OF
her birth. The visitors will take the
material for the days meals. All will
return Sunday evening with the excep-
ton Of Mrs. Marx and daughter, who
will remain for a few days visit with
friends in Tama and Toledo.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
ADMINISTRATORS MUST REPORT
judge to Take Hand in Bringing De-
Iinquents Into Court.

Administratcrs. odnlinistra trees, eX-
ecutors, and guardians of estates who
have been delinquent in making reports
TO the court, and who the clerk OF
courts has been unable to induce to
make reports. will be given a chance
some time this fall to explain to the
presiding judge Of the district court
why they have not done SO.
A list of fifty-odd probate cases, in
which the persons responsible to the
court for conducting the affairs Of the
estates, is being prepared to be placed
on the docket for the August term
Judge Nichols has promised the clerk
that he will take day or two Of the
term and summon the delinquents into
court to explain their delinquencies.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-07-08
REFRESHING SLEEP.

HorsFord's Acid Phosphate,
Half teaspoonful in glass Of water
before retiring induces restful sleep.