Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-03-19


In Egypt and her provinces Is an act 81
defiance of Turkeys suserainty In Egypt.
There is small wonder, therefore. that
Englands influence at Constantinople.
once predominant, has been succeeded b.
that of Germany
The liberals. II Is assumed. now return
ed to unquestioned authority in England.
VIII soon change Englands policy in
Egypt and disavow the intermeddiing OF
Lord Cromer who would perpetuate Eng
lands rule in Egypt for all time. in the
hope that Cromer may be made 'ratah"
or viceroy there
Tripoli in Barbary. II should be said
fell under Turkish domination I'm the six
teenth century and. although the Arabs
In TIA obtained measure of independ-
ence. the country was proclaimed Turk
ish vilayet in 1898 The chief authority.
both civil and military. in Trpoli is I'm
the hands OF the governor general or
vail. under whom are mutcssarifs. kali
makams and mudiro with authority over
subordinate administrations. cantons or
districts and commuters. respectively.
Sheikhs have still authority over Arab
tribes and Berber assemblies stu raise
taxes
The western frontier of Tripoli as far
south as Ghadames was established nv
France and Turkey in 1892. The popula-
ton. about one million. is mostly Berber
but there are many Jews. The Euro
peans number five thousand. mostly Ma
tese and Italians. Arabic is generally
guage. The Turkish army of occupation
numbers about ten thousand. The prod
ucts OF Tripoli are barley. the chief food
OF the people. dates. olives. oranges and
lemons. exparto grass, sponges. cattle and
sheep. The exports comprise ivory. os-
trich feathers. goat skins and other pro-
duce brought from the Soudan by cara
vans.
Constahtinople. has recently written a re-
markable study OF the relations Italo-
Turk for the Corriere della Sera. The
author does not believe that there is any
Italy. but he remarks that for a fact
both press and people are constantly dis
courteous to Italians.
The Turks do not appear to take into
consideration the grave embarrassment
created for all the pro-
Cretan tecting powers in the Gre
o.A: tan question. Italy had
"se'ASn' been prevented by cir
cumstances from acting as a friendly
mediator for Turkey she had wished
to be, and thus had the appearance In the
eyes Of the latter Of being an Indifferent
spectator II not an enemy. Turkey sus-
pected Italy because of the Tripolitan.
The author, however. fails to touch the
real point of the hostilities which exist
between Italy and Turkey. M. Giovanni
Amadori Virgilj, the author of book en-
titled La QUESTION: Rumelista la Po-
Utica Italiana,' as we have Heretofore
pointed out, has done so most emphati-
cally. He says: ''Italys geographical stu
alton suggests that she should keep an
eye upon the Ottoman coast of the Adri-
attic, that no hostile power install Itself
there"
Italy and Turkey are separated by the
formers aspirations i'm Albania, whence
Albanians. since 1867, after the death OF
Scanderbeg. fed from tyranny into south
ern Italy. Turkey would defend Albania
against both Italy and Austria. which
covet Albania. Albania's proper aspira-
tions, it should be remarked, are for
autonomy and Independence, and this
may offer a solution Of the difference be-
tween the jealous states.
Turkey had been impressed by the dec
larations of the press and people on the
subject Of Tripoli, which
Turkey. justified Turkish apprehen-
sione
SSoAo' The extravagant declara-
tons in Italy as to Italian interests III
Albania and in Tripoli constitute a di
vision between Italy and Turkey which
isterial declaration in the chamber. Ger
tain Italians do not hesitate to say dhat
the overtures Of the minister OF foreign
affairs had procured less good effect
than the naval manifestation In which
Italy emphasized her desire to be treated
with proper respect.
The Vita of Rome. i'm a recent number
criticising the attitude of Italians I'm
the matter of Tripon, reproaches its
compatriots with making enemies with
out any profit whatever. Their protesta-
tons as to the occupation of Ghadames
by the French. according to the Vita.
are puerile, for it was fatal that one
day. sooner or later France would occupy
that oasis which was the natural pro-
longation of her Tunisian possessions.
Did the Italians hope to occupy Tripoli
i'm order to guarantee the intangibiity
of Ghadames?' And the Vita recalls
that II was the persistent illusions to
the occupation of Tripoli which had pro-
voked against Italians resident in Tripoii
the campaign that had ruined their -four
ishing enterprises in that country.
The Vita concludes that the belligerent
attitude assumed by Italians against as
sumed enemies gro
Dangerous tesque and perlous. for
49,. no one anticipated that
0I'AsuuS' war could result from
the questions in discussion.
There is, besides. a very pacific note
in the semi-official famine, entitled, 1.-The
Exterior Policy of Turkey
Turkey. says the note, should remain
neutral and free from all alliances. She
should follow the example of the powers
which i'm their interviews and exchange
of conversations arrange difficult ques-
tions and put down antagonisms. I'm that
order of ideas Turkey should demand of
England her views OH the Bagdad rail
way, and seek i'm this manner to dis
cover the way to an understanding. For
IL the English suspect the Turks of being
the propagators of pan-lslamism I'm Egypt
suspicious of English policy In Mesopo
tarnia. 1t was necessary said the note,
to discuss questions openly and frankly
and to conclude q formal accord. The
same policy should be followed with
France with which government there
had been some misunderstanding, and
with which there should be a frank COM
prehension of her reclamations. BY the
adoption Of a prudent and wise policy
Turkey would acquire an enviable situa-
ton among the powers and enable her
thus to play the role of pacificator be-
tween the triple alliance and the triple
entente.
note of peace from Turkey i'm the
famine Is another evidence of the great
change which the revolution OF the
Young Turk has effected. blessed are
the peacemakers, for they shall inherit