davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

will not be Numbered However Director
Ralph expects to be able to cleanse these
larger bills in a very short time.
To give the reader an idea of the mag
nitude that this government laundry work
will assume figures for the fiscal year
1911 will be quoted. In that year the
number of bills issued of one, two and
five dollar denominat tons amounted to
248. ~. 900 pieces, and for the same pc
Rod there were redeemed, which means
destroyed and new money issued in their
place, 232, $50 GIL pieces. The cost TO the
government for manufacturing and is
suing these notes was over So, OOO,O 900. The
cost of destroying the 232, 5GO671 notes
was over 100000 1t is estimated that it
will not cost more than one-tenth OF a
cent to launder a bill. So the saving by
this new process is obvious. Director
Ralph, who is very conservative man,
places the saving to the government at
about $780, 900 a year. Some of his as
sistants place it at a million dollars a
year.
A bill. to be properly Numbered, must
go through three separate machines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

The first step in the money washing
consists Of inserting the bills into the
washer, which is composed of series
of rollers with double blankets be-
tween them. Each bill is fed in be-
tween these blankets, which hold them
fiat in the water, and they go back
and forth nine times through the suds,
which contains q bleach. The wash
ing tank is divided into two parts,
one of which contains suds and the
other clear rinse water. The same
blankets go up over a partition into
the rinse water. carrying the bills
with them. After going back and
forth through the rinse water eight
times they are blown off the blanket
by an air blast, which comes through
perforated cylinders
Through the washing process a bill
=. L i.e ceet. In oIner 20 ind lost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08
The. Humble Worker.
81 ORERT HERRIcK. the novelist

D OBERT HERRICK, the novelist. was
~ talking. at a dinner in Chicago,
about the hard lot of the workingman.
The workingman," he said, has a
sad time of it. He can't be said to live.
The beauty of life is lost to him.
There's a story. not without a grain
of truth in it, about the humble working
man.
"a poor casual laborer, working on a
scaffolding. fell five stories to the ground.
AS his Mortified mates rushed down pell
nell to his aid he picked himself up,
uninjured from a great. soft pile of sand.
Say. fellers,' he murmured. anxiousiy.
is the boss angry? Tell him / had to
ONE * Il an. 80 for a bali Of tTine.' ;"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

has been developed to a degree where
1t now yields a handsome profit.
A dairy OF ten cows has been main
tained and a ready market has been
found for its products. Even so small
an item as the family garden has been
carefully managed and yields not only
the garden truck for the family table
but surplus of 500 worth of vegetables
each year. which have been exchanged
for groceries.
Without attempting to go into detail Of
this farm management scheme it may be
well to point to what has been accom-
plfshed by the family in question.
A recent inventory of the farm shows
its present worth to be $4,000. The debt
against it is at present $1,000, leaving a
net valuation of $4,000, as against net
valuation of $1,000 to start with. The
income of the farm last year was 5000
All the boys in the family have graduated
from state universities, and the girls
have been educated by private tutors and
in girls schools. At present two sons are
lawyers. one a minister one q professor,
one civil engineer and one a farmer.
The education of the children has cost
the farm $4,000. During the time the
children were being educated there was
no income except from the farm.
The father is now man of seventy
eight years of age. He enjoys the best
of health, and still actively superintends
all the details of the farm. His chance
of life seems better today than it did
HidHy years ago he regards MS move
to the farm as the salvation of his
family.
X
The Rev ]. D. DIETRICH had spent his
life preaching the Gospel. and knew abso-
lutely nothing Of farming. Yet finally he
came into possession of a farm of fifteen
acres near F1ourtown, Pa There was a
debt of $1,000 on the farm, and the first
year it lacked SAG of paying expenses
Yet in six years this man who knew moth
ing of farming had paid off his debt and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

never experienced before. No attraction
could lure him back to his typewriter
Joseph P. Devine writes from Belle
Fourche, S. D., as follows:
Il located on eighty acres in this coun-
try about three years ago, having lived
in Chicago all my life, and having had
no experience on the farm. I have had
good crops during the two years / have
farmed. wheat going twenty-eight bushels
per acre the first year and alalfa about
three tons per acre. Got a perfect stand
Of alalfa on prairie that was broken the
previous year and only sowed eight
pounds of seed per acre besides taking
off a crop of wheat that yielded twenty
eight bushels per acre.
Il think a man should have a capital
of $1,000 to take up an eighty-acre farm.
although many of my neighbors started
with less than half that amount, and
/ myself had but $3.50. man can
make 800 to $500 at breaking after put
ting in his crop. Breaking prairie is
worth 81 per acre, and man can make
$40 to $12 a day. When | located here
land was selling at So to S12 per acre
Now it is worth from $50 to SO per
acre exclusive of water right The roads
are all graded and the creeks and rivers
bridged. There are three railroad towns
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08
The Unfair Divorce.

DR. III. w. WILEY. the food expert,
- was talking at luncheon in WASH
ington about a food adulterator
His first OFFER" said DIR. Wiley, sound
ed, on the face of it, fair to the public
but it was in reality as unfair as the
offer of the Divorce.
"A wife, after the divorce, said to her
husband:
L am willing to let you have the baby
half of the time
GOOD! said he, rubbing his hands.
'SplendidI
Yes. she resumed, you may have
him nights.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

THE Farm Labor Prob
1 lems-A Preacher Farmer
and the Lawyer Woodchop-
per-The Stenographer Pho
neer-Apple Growing on an
Irrigated Ten Acres-Gov-
eminent Land The One
Horse Farm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

b1lls the washer is raised above the
tank and then the suds and rinse
water are searched for the bills,
which occasionally become detached
from the rollers. which otherwise
would go out with the waste water.
The laundering process takes out
all the stiffness from the bills 1t,
therefore,. is necessary to take them
through miniature washing machine,
which contains a solution of blue, and
Is equivalent to starching them. This
process is known as Sizing" the bills.
After they come out of the sizing
machine they go into the ironer. which
is at present an ordinary collar and
cuff ironer, such as is used in many
laundries. The damp sized bills are
placed upon canvas apron, go over
a small steel cylinder which dries
them. and then a large cylinder, heat
ed to about the same degree as an
ordinary f1atirOn, which irons them
The pressing is done by means of pad
ded rollers. Your dirty bills come out
of the whole process in ten minutes
clean and stiff
Copyrighted. 1911, by Thavis G. Colman.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

rector Of the bureau OF engraving ana
printing. suggested to Secretary or the
Treasury MacVeagh that il was shame
to destroy perfectly good money. ana
that he thought a machine could De IN
vented that would wash and iron the
bills and make them as sood as new.
"All right" responded the Secretary
promptly go ahead and build one.
This put the problem squareiy up 10
Mr.. Ralph, who set about 10 buiid a
washer. After years experimenting
the machine is washing United states
Treasury notes at the rate OF 2o.ooo
day. That means tina. these 20H 70 es
e-e -, Dac4. inc ii. ~ula.,-. ,.i- sam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08
Marketing at Three O'clock in the Morning

form being outside. These District scales
are rented out by the year to any one
who desires to go into that business, the
profits accruing therefrom belonging to
the tenant. The scales are used in the
case of grains and such things. farm
er bringing a load of oats to town viii
have them weighed here on his way up
town. He is given a slip on which is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

less the market master would act as
guide.
Il would get lost L don't know Wash
ingtOn,' eXpostulated the farmer.
In vain the market master gave him
minute directions as to how to reach the
centrally located office. Finally he had
to give in and 60 along as guide.
Down one side of the central space in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

market, 1t is never left without some one
there. From about in the morning till
in the afternoon Policeman Arnold is
on duty. From until midnight his
sistant works, while from midnight until
the following morning a Waterman is
placed there. The reason for this careful
watch is that in the case of Saturday.
for example, the wagons may tie up at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

necessity of a systematic rotation, be-
cause the manure kept the soil in good
condition. The object of the cropping
all the time that would yield heavy crops.
The amount of feed grown on this farm
was without local precedent. The re-
turn from so small an acreage broke all
records. The fact that the record was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08
7. MCDOWELL was

7. MCDOWELL was
IN 1892 a man six
.ty years of age. He
lived in a prosper
our middle western
town, where he had
a law practice
which brought him
an income of 5000
a year. He had q
wife and ten chill
dren, seven of
which were boys.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08


The individual operating his own farm
would, Of course. save the cost of hired
labor, and this would be added to the
income of the farm, giving yield Of
about 81 500 year as return on such
an investment Eighteen hundred dollars
a year amounts to almost luxury to any
average sized family living on a farm.
H. L. Blanchard of Jefferson county,
Washington, was in 1887 a lawyer in
New York state. He decided, however
to give over his profession and become
farmer in the west. He migrated to the
state of Washington and purchased. en-
tirely on credit. eighty acres of highly
timbered land, agreeing to pay for it $33
an acre. He moved into the forest and
began single-handed his attack upon It.
The first year he planted two acres of
land which he had succeeded in clear
ing. Each season that followed he sue
ceeded in adding to this an average OF
ten acres.
AS the farm grew it's owner tried out
different methods in obtaining profit. His
early experiments proved to him that
greater profit was derived from the few
cows that he kept than from any other
phase Of farming. He consequently in
creased the size of his herd and concen-
trated more and more upon his dairy.
At present he maintains thirty-seven
cows from which he markets annually
5000 pounds of butter. which brings him
a yield of nearly $500 a year. An ad-
ditional profit of $500 a year is secured
through feeding limited number of hogs
upon the waste milk of the dairy.
In connection with the dairy operated
on this farm has been developed an ex-
tensive chicken business. flock Of 600
hens is regularly maintained and from
these is derived a profit of 50, 400 a year
All the food of both the herd and f1ocks
is raised on this eighty acres Of what a
short time ago was virgin woodland
slumbrous at the feet of the Olympics.
Blanchard's farm is twelve miles from
the town which is his market. But in
the last decade not Saturday has passed
market on time. The man is absolutely
dependable. He is a tireless worker. Yet
his house is full of books. he takes an
active part in public affairs and his
tional opportunities. He is more than
satisfied with his success.
Charles o. Stout was a stenographer In
the office of the Postmaster General in
Washington. He went to Huntley Mont.
in 1907, on his vacation. The reclama-
ton service was just completing
project at that point and some land was
being thrown open to settlement. Stout
filed on tract containing forty-seven
acres and resigned his position with the
government. He worked for a time as
stenographer for a beet sugar company
near by, at the same time complying with
the requirement of the law as to residence
on his homestead. At the end of a year
he resigned that position also and went
permanently on his land.
Stout was unmarried and had saved
81 500. He spent $3.50 Of this for house.
He bought horses, wagon, pillow, harrow
and some chickens. He cleared, plowed
and fenced his tract with his own hands.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

larger farm nearby. This, however,
might have been replaced by commercial
fertilizer.
The story of the success of this class
OF farming may be told in a simple state
ment of expenditures and receipts for
the last year upon this farm, which rep
resented in the beginning an invest
ment of but $3.50. This return allows
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

For the present the government will not
undertake to wash any but bills Of the
denominations of one, tive and five dol
lars. These bills of small denominations
see much harder usage than do the larger
ones, and besides they do not contain
any yellow ink. The chemicals placed in
the suds in which the bills are washed
causes yellow ink to run, and until the
\ 'ists &c the bureau have overcome
- LIS uI:.ltel II. - :, !:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

uhe youngest was TWO, the eIuest tWeI1ty
One years of age.
Mcdowell was anxious that his chill
nren should have the benefit of good
education. He wanted to provide for the
younger ones in case of his death. Just
et this critical time McDowelrs health
failed. He found 1t necessary to so re-
adjust his life as to improve his health
end at the same time provide for his
growing family. He decided upon farm
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

never been a farm where every operation
was more in accordance with the book.
The business of the farm was to feed
herd of thirty dairy cattle. The first
book read was on ''soiling." which means
the cutting of grass and feeding it green
instead of letting the cows run on the
pasture. 1t saves feed. Then he read
Stewards book on the balanced ration for
cattle. Every line of it went into prac-
tice Not a pound of manure from the
barns failed of the most careful dispo-
sition where 1T would do the most good.
A schedule was arranged for the planting
of all crops. Succeeding years saw the
same operations going on at the same
dates Corn for silage was always
planted on June %. grass seed August %,
and so on. So excellently was the con-
dition of the soil maintained that 1t
quickly drank UP the heaviest of rains.
This moisture was stored away, and when
the droughts came the crops remained
green while others on adjoining land died.
The barns and cattle were cared for
with like degree of eXactness and COM
pliance to rule. But the productiveness
of the farm is the important matter, for
the principle that is back of this success
is a big one If scientific principle can
make a little Pennsylvania farm yield
$500 an acre every year in the hands of
an inexperienced farmer. why cannot the
man without experience in equally or
more favorable communities do equally
well or better? Why cannot the man who
will merely stick to his book make a sue
cess at farming even though he is with
out experience?
The crops grown here are unimportant.
Crops must differ with the conditions
and there are always local authorities
to advise as to local crops. if the farmer
is willing to take scientific advice.
DIETRICH grew rye in winter and corn in
summer on half his farm His rye grew
eight feet tall. Oats and peas were often
used as spring crop. There was no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

had developed his fifteen acres until they
paid him $1,000 year.
The minister's success in farming was
due to his willingness to study the
authorities and the eXactness with which
he followed them. There has probably
never been a more highly developed farm
OF its kind in the United States than was
this fifteen acres. There has probably
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

At one side Of this space IL a shack
like affair In this are scales, the plat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

Mcdowell bought a farm in the Shen-
endoah valley. 1t contained $50 acres
and with improvements was at that time
valued at 10000 The total wealth of
the family aggregated 81. OOO which was
paid down and an Indebtedness of $1,000
was assumed. So this farming expert
ment began with the handicap of a man
broken in health, inexperienced in farm
Ing and bearing debt of no mean pro-
portions.
But Mcdowell had been comparatively
successful business man. He had learned
system, method. He resolved to apply
his commercial experience to. the bust
ness of farming. He held that farming
like any other industry, could be mas
tered by study
McDowell's first undertaking was a So
luton of the labor problem He con-
cluded that both from the standpoint of
the laborer and the owners family the
best solution of the farm labor question
could be had by employing men of fam
lilies and maintaining them in their own
quarters on the farm In this way the
laborer had a home of his own. In this
way the women of the owners family
We're not forced to cook for hired hands
The labor question as it applied to the
members OF the family was also given
much thought 1t had in it the idea of
training children to usefulness. Each
child was required to do something for
the profit and welfare of the family be-
fore having its breakfast. The entire
work of the household was systematized
and each member had his portion to per-
form The responsibility for dairying
poultry keeping. gardening orcharding
ana general farming each rested upon
some member of the family. The father
was general superintendent of the whole
the mother was in charge of the house
and the children were variousIy assign
ed No household help was required but
as the laundry was done outside and the
man folks assumed the responsibility for
euch tasks as gardening and dairying
there were no irksome burdens
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08
IRONING PAPER MONEY.

any one else, for the great demand on
the banks for new, crisp money. They
don't like soiled or crumpled bills, and
when they go into a bank for money they
want it in nice, new, crisp bills.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

the United States and the
subtreasuries throughout the country, for
Uncle Sam is actually going into the
laundry business, only, instead of wash
ing and ironing shirts and collars. he will
wash and iron paper money.
Heretofore. paper money, as ii came
into the Treasury, was destroyed and new
money issued in its place. This was an
expensive operation, and owing to it
the life of a great many bills was ex-
ceedingiy short Soon after leaving Uncle
Sans money vaults they found their way
into Uncle Sans maceratng machine
and were converted into pulp, which is
nodded into various designs and sold to
the souvenir hunters who visit Wash
ington.
About a year ago Joseph E. Ralph, di-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

for interest upon an investment Of 500
an acre. which is the present value Of
the land due to the improved condition
of the soil. The statement follows:
EXPENSES
One man. twelve months. at SIS $40 90
One horse. use Of and feed ... 100 90
Interest on p acres of land valued at
800 per acre. at per cent . 200 90
Interest and depreciation on machinery.
at 20 per cent Observation-Disclosures. 4Ia0
Total expenses ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 1921 80
RECEIPTS.
7 acres crimson clover hay g. 500 pounds
per acre. at 81 % per hundredweight 1905 Is
Is acres oat hay. 3. 600 pounds per acre,
at 81 % per hundredweight. ........ 675. 90
% acres cowpea hay. 3 900 pounds per
acre at 81 % per hundredweieht. SIS 90
3 acres corn. 1868 bushels per acre, at
IS cents per bushel ................ 1900
8 acres corn stover, tons per acre. at
SIS per ton .................. 5000
Total income 81 O46 3
Total cost Observation-Disclosures. 521 80
Net income ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 81. 524 IS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

In the cultivation of this farm the
family depressed but little from the crops
generally raised in the Shenandoah val
ley. Wheat and corn were the PRINCIPAL
items. These have been better cultivat-
ed than was the case with other farms
of the community. More thought was
given to keeping the soil in condition,
ing crops. An orchard of fifteen acres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-08

R~D 1ITHIN a stones throw Of the
Nv shopping and business dis
M trict frequented by the citi-
wv zens of Washington, and
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1911-11-29
CEDERLOF AND WIFE
HAD TROUBLE SOME Time
BEFORE He WAS KILLED

Vigorous Cross-eXamination of Mrs.
Cederlof this morning by Attorney An
drews for the defense failed to change
her testimony in any particular. She
was cool and collected today and
rather inclined to resent to mild
extent the questions asked her, an
swering quickly and sharply, never
showing any hesitation and never be-
coming at all confused.
The cross-examination brought out
one fact that may prove of some ben
eft to the defense. 1t showed that on
June 4 Cederlof and his wife had a
serious quarrel. in which blows were
struck, and that following the quarrel
Mrs. Cederlof lef, her husband and
came to Honolulu. where she consult
ed an attorney in regard to filing suit
for divorce.
Later, however. reconciliation was
effected and Mrs. Cederlof returned to
her husband. She stated that after
that there was never any trouble be-
tween them.
A letter was introduced in evidence
by the prosecution, written by Ce6er-
lof to his wife during the time they
were separated, in which he apollo
gized for what had happened. urged
her to forget the past, return to him,
and they would both try in the future
to avoid anything that might cause
any unpleasantness. In the letter Ced-
erlof made the statement that when
he struck his wife he was crazy with
anger This statement will probably
be dwelt upon by the defense as an
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1911-11-29

fndfCattUn tnHt GguETfof was a man
of violent temper whom RcMahon
might well have believed meant to kill
him. Mrs. Cederlof admitted also that
at one time her husband had a quar-.
rel with a man named Erickson and
said she had heard some talk of
shooting. She contended, however,
that he was not man of violent tenn
per.
The letter itself was a well-written,
manly document, the sort of letter an
earnest man might write to wife
whom he loved and with whom he had
quarreled. Both the defense and the
prosecution claim that it will prove Of
benefit to them but it was introduced
by the prosecution with the intent OF
showing that Cederlof was a straight.
forward, decent man.
The note found at the McMahou
house the morning after the shooting
in which was the statement. claimed
by the prosecution to have been writ
ten, that he hated to take his life for
a niger" but that his wife liked
Mrs. Cederlof better than she did him,
was introduced by the prosecution,
but was violently objected to by the
defense as being calculated to pref.
udice the jury against Mcmahon on
account of derOgatory statements con
corning the Hawaiians, Andrews also
contended that it had not been proved
that McMahon wrote the note at all.
The matter was argued at considera-
bic length, and when court adjourned
until next Friday morning no decision