davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
Continued from first page.

susceptible Of fatal accident. like any
other form of seafaring. American sub
marines had been fortunate, he said IN
escaping the most narrowing Of the Old
World catastrophes. Men had been
killed in minor explosions, some others
had succumbed temporarily to the fumes
Of gas. but. happily, in the many trials
and tests none Of our vessels had gone
down 10 destruction carrying their
crews aboard. Engines burning heavy
OIL row being introduced, would do away
with the noxious fumes Of gasolene, and
al the same time the dangers Of eX-
plosion would be greatly lessened.
All the safety appliances on the newer
submarines We're in triplicate, he ex-
plalned. II the electric power failed
there was the compressed air, and If the
air wouldn't work, hand levers were
available. There were valves within
valves TO protect the cocks OF water
tanks. The subnersible boat Of the Lake
type, sinking on an even keel by means
rN%-t+ q wafer Dd44dSA anu AlD4-+7 NcN@---
BY emptying the ballast. had come into
active competition with the older type OF
Holland divers. Several Of these were
now being constructed, and possibly they
would solve the vexed problems Of equi-
Aorium and steadiness. Moreover,
Uncle Sam was now contracting for
boats that were liveable as well as sea
worthy Bunks and culinary appliances
We're being provided. Space was by no
means cramped. as in the little sub
marines for the new constructions were
o. the size Of seagoing yachts-nearly 200
Feet long. IS feet beam and depth and
e'0 or 600 tons displacement.
The submerged condition" remarked
MS officer. should be regarded as
strictly a war condition. From that
POINT Of view the test of the coast Of
massachusetts, was most interesting, as
Shows our best vessels capable Of
travelling eleven hours, though neces-
Saflly slowly, under the electric power
storage batteries. These batteries,
gong al top speed. can be discharged in
TWO hours; but. on the other hand. in
"st o!scharging they have fed out cleo
u'ei'y for the space Of thirty hours.
4Aey are restored again by the simple
"ocess Of returning 10 the surface and
proceeding under the power Of the SUBJ
"SHnes gas or oil fuel engines. devoting
L1i' OF that power TO the recharging OF
'Ne accumuiators."
me submarine inventor loves TO talk
ar pockets and oxygen helmets and
-'Nspe chambers for use by the crew in
e ol serious accident Much non
Se has been written and printed
o'u' me modes and practicability Of
APE The battling fact is the terrible
~ pressure that must be withstGod.
:, unit Of a submarines dive below
- surface should be not further than
49,, hundred feet. and the plates are
U Withstand pressure OF. say. a
;. '.s'eo or hundred and fifty pounds
Tie square inch.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
Continued from fourth page.

main entrance is on 18th street, but its en-
trance for employees is from the sidewalk Of
18th street on level with the car lines.
The project is of more than ordinary in
terest 10 New York. inasmuch as the de-
signs for the three buildings were drawn
bv New York architects. Three separate
compettions were hed by the Treasury
Department. Sixty Of the leading archi-
tects OF the country were invited 10 sub
NIT plans twenty for each building; fifty
seven sets Of six or seven drawings were
actually sent in-some three hundred and
sixty odd drawings. Within one week after
the submission of the plans the Secretary
of the Treasury announced the winning
architects. The design OF the building for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

Suppose a submarine goes down III
two hundred feet or more Of water with
a hole stove in her top. Obviously, the
water will completely fill the vessel
the interior air bubbling out as the
water pours in. The crew will be
drowned by the incoming stream. If,
Oh the other hand, the bottom Of the
craft is rent, she is in the position Of
reversed tumbler immersed in water;
the air therein, unable TO escape, is COM
pressed up under the roof and life may
be sustained there until the vital fluid
is exhausted. Now, equipping them
selves with oxygen helmets, the mem
bers Of the crew turn on cock which
admits the sea water gradually from
above. The pressure within and the
pressure without has been equalized,
and when their air chamber has at last
been water-filed, hatch is opened and
the men can conceivably rise upward
10 the surface Of the sea. What hap
pens then?
Did you ever see" said the officer
quoted above, "a fish that some cause
or other had impelled violently 70 the
surface from great sea depths? The
ewes bullying away out Of the sockets?
The body almost bursting the skin as
the terrific bottom pressure is
Quickly released? That, l am afraid, Is
exactly what would happen 10 men who
had escaped out OF a wrecked subma-
rine at a great depth. They would lit
orally burst 10 death. The speedy change
from one hundred TO fifteen pounds
pressure would kill them.
..Bv the way" he added, Il know the
man. then Midshipman Kenneth Whit
ing. who escaped out of a torpedo tube
from a submarine in Manila Bay. Whit
ing is a daredevil. and he made the ex-
neriroent as a test. The tube door was
closed behind him, water was gradually
introduced. and when il completely nlled
tho tube the outer orifice was opened
and Whiting swan out and up 10 the
surface. where he was rescued by
gunboat. The point in this experiment
was that the submarine lay on the moor
NJ the bay at no great depth, and the
change Of water pressure was not so
great as to injure the eXperimenter But
in q real accident at sea, where the craft
struck bottom at several hundred feet
T fear the victims would stand no show
Of survival whatever, with all the ala
of their air chambers and oxygen caps.
Despite the many tragedies. the hearI-
rending failures and encouragement
.be upbuilding Of submarine naVies Is
going rapidly forward everywhere. rive
oars ago Great Britain had twenty-five
sucb vessels completed, France hau
tbirtv-nine in commission, Russia thi-
teen and the United States eight. Last
wears naval annual shows that frahce
reioiced in lightweight submarines
built or building. and England oioSe'y
followed her with eightyJour OF THESE
craft Russia showed astonishing prog
regs with no less than thirty-seFeH'
most If them completed whiie the
United States had also made Dig
squirt. having eighteen in commission
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
In Submarines Wake Lie Many Dead Pioneers

and seventeen in the shipyards. Next
came Italy, Japan and Germany, the
first named with nineteen and the 9TH
ers with fourteen each. respectively.
Thus there are to-day at least three
hundred of these providers of the sea,
waiting for the event OF war TO make
havoc, if they can, on the bigger, ex-
travagantly costly craft Of their oppo-
nents. Not only the aerial navies
graphing in the blue" but the men
fish" of hoary Oceans underworld will
assemble for the great final Arranged
don of the nations. if haply peace treat
les and tribunals fail and the issues that
divide men are to be settled by the
stroke of grim-visaged war Twill be
war such as has never been waged be-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

need is organic viGor, vitality. mental en-
durarce. nervous control His nervous sys-
tenn IS under great strain. He needs 10
buttress his nervous system, TO energize Ills
mind. He needs the kind of exercise that
will III him for his business tasks.
The great difficulty which he conironts IN
selecting mis- exercise is to secure the KIM
that will be vigorous enough 10 stimulate
his circulation. deepen his breathing IN
Migrate all the organs OF the body yet
without a further strain upon the nervous
system. How can this he donef Is It pos
sible?
To answer this question. 10 obtain this
desirable result. one must remember mat
scientifically speaking. there are TWO xmas
Of muscles First. the muscles that are
Intimately related 10 the organs OF the
body. such as the heart. lungs. liver and
kidneys. Then there are the muscles that
are closely related 10 the nervous system.
.-he exercise OF the former have very de-
oided effect on the bodily organs, but very
little on The nervous system. The exercise
OF the latter has only slight effect on these
organs. but puts considerable strain On the
nervous system n the business man there
fcr. needs a maximum OF organic stimulus
AMI a minimum OF nervous strain. then the
exercise OF the former group should re-
celye the major part II not all Of tie at
tcnlion.
what gfoups OF muscles are these? They
are the large, heavy muscles Of the trunk
ana those between the shoulder and the
knee-the great muscles of the shoulder
chest, back. abdomen AMI thighs. ON these
great muscles the organs of the body
heart, lungs. liver and kidneys-are huns
Their activity stimulates these organs TO
activity while at the same time they have
very little connection with the brain. Con-
sequenty they are hysienic In results
on the contrary the exercise OF the
srnaller nuscIrs Vhlcn govern the elbow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

BY George j. Fisher, M. D.
YEXT TO the child the brunt of civ
NJ ilization falls upon the business
man The business man is peculiar
10 the city, and as a city inhabitant two
things are peculiar 10 him which affect
very seriously his health and welibeing.
First-He spends most Of his time in
doors. OF course. the air indoors is not
as good as II is outdoors. and thus he IS
exposed frequently TO vitiated atmosphere
The breathing organs suffer most in mod
ern life. fully % per cent Of all deaths be-
ing from diseases Of the nose, throat and
lungs.
Second-The business mans work is
chiefly done while sitting still Modern in
vention has taken care Of such phases 81
his work as require muscular activity. For
instance. the telephone carries his mes
sages, the messenger his bundles, the Ste
nographer writes his letters and the cleo
trio button saves his steps All business
machinery is so adjusted that the average
business man is required 10 90 the very
minimum Of muscular effort, but is en-
abled thereby 10 undertake maximum OF
mental or psychic activity
This entirely reverses the old natural or
der of things. for man. in the past, has
been accustomed to an environment IN
which physical activity has been the prin-
cipal thing. while very little mental effort
was required This change has come 50
suddenly in the rapid increase Of our city
life that the average man has not mad
onnortunity to adjust himself 10 the new
condition. IS result. mental fatigue and
organic diseases. particularly in the last
quarter century. have increased. II -
shocking 10 realize the number OF men
vino break down in middle life. simply
through a failure to regulate their habits
% new conditions. Many business men
have had an active boyhood having par
,icipated in athletics. but on their entrance
into business have suddenly ceased active
exercise. m
There is where the damage Is done. Inc
circulation becomes sluggish, poisons are
not eliminated promptly from the tissues
more food is eaten than is wise, and as
result a large amount Of unnecessary work
g mi on the heart ana kidneys.
Nov. what kind OF exercise should
business man take? Naturally not the KIND
that develops large or hard muscles He
has no need Of such in business. Muscular
strength is not required. What he does
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

Or. George Fisher is director Of the phFSl-
cal training department OF the Young Men
Christian Association OF North America
president OF the Physical Directors so
ciety: secretary Of the Athletic League oil
North America member Of the executive
committee Of the Committee Of one hundred
on National Health. member of the govern
ing board OF the Amateur Athletic Ohioh'
etc He is particularly well qualinsd 10 al
wise the ordinary American business man.
who is little given To such athletic framing
as will materially aid his health. what
nhvsical exercise should be taken.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

the Department Of Justice was awarded 10
Dom Barber: the Department of COM
merce and Labor to York a Sawyer, ana
the Department of State TO Arnold W.
Drummer.
These three architects were then called
together by Secretary MacNeagh and IN
structed 10 develop their individual build
ings with the heads of the departments Tor
which they were intended having con-
stsntIv in view the reconciliation Of the
designs TO each other and the harmony OF
the group as a whole The group was then
drawn for the first time. in which the three
buildings were placed side by side upon
their relative grades, their relation TO the
Treasury. the Monument, the Munlclpal
Building and their surroundings studied
and the buildings themselves modified at
each step to conform 10 each other
At the same time each architect was re-
arranging and reassignins the areas OF
his plans working out in detail the re-
quirements Of the department Ia nc pToFiu-
ed for and planning TO meet not only the
needs Of the moment. but the probable
necessities of the next ten years since IL
rs uniustifable 10 erect any federal build
ing which il can be foreseen Is likely 70
prove inadequate within shorter period.
Moreover, in designing the buildings
every effort is being made 10 arrange ana
construct them as immense shells every
part of which shall be equally light SER
viceable and available; 10 divide them ny
secondary partitions as light as possible
containing no pipes or iues which make
their removal difficult. In short, 10 ar
range so that every change or development
in the organization and the consequent
reassignment of space in department
may be made with the least friction and
with no interference on the part OF the
structure itself.
In all these buildings every provision Is
being made for the health and comfort OF
the employes-genersl locker rooms, toilets.
etc being provided in connection with their
entrances. In each case there is also
provision for general files and storage
space. and every effort is made 70 stand
ardize and unity their requirements
The completion OF these new depart
ments will result in great economies 10 the
government: not only will rent be saved
on all the miscellaneous buildings now oc-
cupled but the organization will be for
the first time properly arranged and ade-
quately housed.
The State Department viii no longer have
SPACE with tne departments Of War ana
NAVY. spreading into series Of outlying
buildings. The Department OF Justice will
ne removed from its series OF private
houses. and the Department OF Commerce
and Labor will collect It's forces from the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

their nerves and more restful and exhil-
arating.
IL ~ possible for 4 business man thus 20
grow Old gracefully TO keep up his vigor.
10 retain skill and tirmncss Of muscle and
do. as a result. a full DAYS work each Gay.
Not no play. but proper play, IL the need.
A man gets old az soon Is he forseis how
10 play. lie must. however, select has
exercise 10 suit or nj his temperament
Bearing this advice in mind, business
men will lind their general health Increase.
u remain so. while as n natural conse-
auence their length Of years should be ex-
tended
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

fore. Dreadnoughts on the waves, sub
marines below, aeroplanes and dirigioies
overhead Truly. the folly OF II All
should give the nations pause.
HENRY MCMAHON.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

He IL what YOU might call an adroit
mani"
'DecidedlY-his sins never md him out
and his debts never ma him IN. Puck
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
THE CLERKS MISTAKE.

Clerk making excuses for big error
But, sir, man isn't machine ne
can't 90 for ever! ,
Empoyer-Oh, yes, ne car a
oo,no for ever at the end Of the month!
S"s " Comic cuts.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
BY George j. Fisher, M. c

Copyright 1911. by G. J. Mar. Publishers
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

EXT TO the child the brunt of civ
~ uization falls upon the bushes
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1911-06-22
BANDITS STOP y ~
ANO ROB TRAIN
Covered Clerks With Revolvers
and Escaped With Cash-Loot-
ed the Mail Sacks.

CORTLAND, ORE, Special. -
While Southern Pacific passenger
train No. IL. the Shasta Limited, was
speeding between Drain and Yoncalla
at 11;15 last night, two men, both
about thirty years old, suddenly burst
int the mSl car, held up the clerks.
looted sacks and escaped with their
loot by stopping the train at Yon-
Gala. Posses are searching for the
men west of Yoncalla.
Although the two robbers brandish-
ed revolvers, not a shot was fired.
The mail clerks found themselves
helpless before the guns OF the high
waymen. one robber kept them COW
cred while the other opened the mail
sacks and rified their contents. 1t is
not known how much booty the des-
peradOes got, but it is believed to be
heavy.
Officers at Drain and RoSsburg wore
notified anc posses were also started
from those places. The mail car was
the only one disturbed by the robbers.
Both outlaws are described as be-
ing about thirty years of aga, five
feet seN en- inches tall AMI wearing
dark clothes and hats. Neither wore
mask and a good description OF
thea was had.
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1911-06-22

prised to fDd himself sinking. He held
on TO Nollmer's nair. and when HIS feet
touched bottom. Collins was In water
up TO his neck. In the meantime. aid
was on the way. and when Collins got
10 shore with Vollmer's body, other
fishermen helped him place II on the
bank.
A Half Hours Fight.
The opinion then prevailed that Voll-
mer had been drowning. so Collins and
the other men made a half hours hght
to reSuscitate him. physician had
been summoned. and when he came he
told the men Vollmer was dead: that
he had died OF an attack of asthma, and
had not been drowned. Coroner hewitt
issued a certificate OF death by asthma.
and the body was sent to the morgue-
Vohmer, who was a pie baker. and
forty-five years old. was well known In
Georgetown. where for years he work
ed for the Connecticut Pie Company
He gave up his position months ago on
account OF i'll health. and spent much
OF his time on the river being fond OF
fishing and thinking the open air would
cure him. His particular fishing place
was whore he fell into the water. COL
Inns became acquainted with Vollmer
through his fishing expeditions, and
was his constant companion
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1911-06-22
BATTLED HARD TO
AVE C0MRADE
Men Were Fishing in the Potomac.
Vollmer's Hair Gripped, Body
Pulled Through Water
Till Collins Jumped
After Him.

WASHINGTON, d. c., Special
one of the most heroic attempts at
rescue in the history of disasters on
the Potomac River occurred yesterday
afternoon near the Chain Bridge. The
nero is Michael Collins, OF Loeb Cave,
Va. and the object of his heroism
lies dead in the District morgue.
Seized With Asthma.
While bass fishing near the Chain
Bridge, Henry Vollmer. a baker. living
at 1911 Thirty-third Street, North
west, was seized with asthma He fell
into the water and died. 1t is believed
he was not drowned, however. The
asthmatic attack plucked the breath
of life away. not the Potomac
Fisherman's luck had broken
against Vollmer and his friend, Col
Inns. since 10 o'clock in the morning.
The canny bass had eluded both OF
them. and Nollmer was discouraged
and about to go to shore
Collins was in one end OF the boat
and VOllmer in the other. Suddenly.
Vollmer began coughing and rose up
in the boat. Collins thought Vollmer
had felt a tug at his line and had
arisen to haul up his catch, so he
called to his companion:
BE careful not to lose him this
time!'
Collins did not look around, but
kept on fishing. Then he heard a
splaEh. and believing Vollmer had lost
his Balance and tumbled into the wa
ter, (he sprang to his feet and hurried
To khe end OF the boat from which
Vo1tner had disappeared. When he
peeHed into the water, he saw Voll-
mer's head just below the surface. IL
was coming up and Collins reached a
hand into the water and grabbed Voll-
mer by the hair.
beyond His Strength.
He tried to pull Vollmer back into
he huf he ha-
yond his strength. No fishermen We're
in view, and no answer came to his
shouts for help. The boat was well
out in the river from the Virginia
shore.
Then came a hard fight. in which
Collins strength was almost spent.
Gripping Vollmer by the hair with one
hand he sculled the craft toward the
shore with the other. The boat moved
only by inches. For more than ten
minutes Collins struggle continued.
When near the shore. in what he be =
lieved was shallow water, Collins
jumped out of the boat, and was sur
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1911-06-22
SHE SAW SNAKES;
WHERE Is SHE NOW?

NEW YORK, Special-"Captain,
my place is full of snakes" cried John
Mckinney, rushing into the Flatbush
Police Station early Wednesday.
TOO bad, too bad" said Captain
Cronin, who knew Mckinney as a
sober eXpressman with a thriving bus
mess at 969 Flatbush Avenue. What
brand have you been drinking, Nc
Kinney? Better change it"
L tell you, captain, my express Of
Kinney. nettled- AS the expressman
seemed perfectly sober, Cronin was
impressed; so he sent two patrolmen
with Mckinney to his oH ce. Sure
enough, the snakes were there-no d.
I. visions-but real, live wrigglers.
But they were not ordinary snakes:
they were trained performing reptiles.
A driver had brought the box in which
they were lodged from the Grand Cen
trail Station Tuesday night after Nc
Kinney left the Office. The snakes
were consigned to Joseph Ferrari of
Coney Island. The lid OF the box was
not securely fastened and the snakes
got out in the night.
When Mckinney arrived, Sultan, a
cobra eight feet long and as big around
as a mans upper arm, was reared
against a wall doing his much ap-
plauded danse du ventre: Lola, a pref
ty sinuous thing about six feet in ex-
tent, was undulating around the top
Of barrel Nordkin. the acrobatic
snake, was circling up and down a
wagon tongue.
The snakes fangs had been drawn
and the reptiles were as harmless as
canarieS When Mckinney and the
policeman he called had assured them
selves of the fact they borrowed a
blanket from a neighboring house and
half smothering the snakes in II, re-
stored them, one by one. TO the box.
Mckinney rushed il to Ferrari.
Now I'll go look for my stenogra-
pher, Lena Ostman," said Mckinney,
much relieved
Where is she?" asked a policeman.
How do ] know" retorted AcKin-
ney. When we opened up here this
morning she saw them first"
The Mathews journal. (Mathews C.H. [Court House]) 1903-1937, 1911-06-22
AVIATOR TO MAKE
PERIL0US FLIGHT

NEW YORK, Special.-While a
cheering crowd gathered about the
hangar of st. CrOiX tombstone. on
Hampstead Plains, l.. l., at noon to-
day. the aviator drew his Moissant
monoplane out of the shed and made
ready for the most daring fight of
his career by a trip from Hampstead
TO New York, where he contemplated
flying around the Metropolitan tower,
up TO Central Park and back across
the East River TO his starting point
tombstone made a minute eXami-
nation of his aerOplane, testing all
parts of the machine. The oil reser-
VOirs were filed for the long trip of
fOrty-five miles and then he climbed
into his seat and started his mono
plane for a preliminary flight test
around the aviation field.
The aviator said he intended flying
from the Hampstead Plains above the
Long Island Railroad tracks to Long
Island City, thence across the East
River above the greensboro Bridge
and down over Manhattan to the
Metropolitan Tower.
He expected to circle the tower and
then sail up Manhattan to Central
Park, where he contemplated another
turn to the Greensboro Bridge again,
and back the same way to Hampstead.