The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-07-15
TOTS TUBERCULOSIS
VICTIMS FROM MILK
l2ll Per Cent of Fatal Cases
Among Children Attrib-
uted to Cows.

tuberculosis in cows is dangerous to
man and that publication of milk re-
ceived particularly by children should
be insisted upon has already been
reached by Investigators on this side
who have worked along parallel lines.
Most of this experimenting has been
carried on in the research laboratory
OF the Board of Health at the foot of
East Sixteenth street. Here analyses
have been made for hospitals and pri-
waite physicians and in the last three
years and more the subject has been
brought to a statistical basis.
II is a painstaking process to deter
mine the difference between the bo-
vine and the human tubercle bacillus.
Each case is isolated and examined
separately by means of the guinea pig.
The germ gets chance at this ami
NAL for six weeks and at the end of
this time a killing and an autopsy oc-
cur. Every other form of germ dies in
the guinea pig as soon as the tubercle
variety makes it's appearance.
When the animal has been martyr
ed in the cause of science tuberculous
material is planted on special egg me-
dia in test tubes. At the end of three
more weeks in which this has been
growing a second transfer takes place
to other egg media. Then the culture
Is weighed and a certain amount in
jected in rabbits. If the tuberculosis
is bovine the rabbit dies Of generalized
tuberculosis involving practically ev-
cry organ. II the germs Is human the
animal doesn't Gle and shows only a
slight amount of disease and that in
the dungs.
Dr. William II. Park, director of the
research laboratory, is abroad, but his
assistant, DR.. Charles Krumweide. Jr.,
the acting director, told about these
processes yesterday and explained
that this work has involved unsolicited
eases, taken just as they came from
the hospital clinics and from physi-
clans. There have been 47S separate
cases which have passed through the
tests and on which they have data. In
addition they have kept records from
the medical journals. and their figures
therefore. are based on 1924 cases.
I'VE found" said DR.. Krumweide,
yesterday, that pulmonary tuberculo-
sis in adults was rarely due to the boz
vine form Of the tubercle bacillus. But
on the other hand. we discovered a bo-
vine origin for 1919 per cent of the ia
tai cases of tuberculosis among chill
dren under years of age These cases
were from the city at large.
In other words, the susceptibility
of man to the bovine form of the germ
Is inversely proportionate to the age
OF the subject. It is in the abdominal
generalized and meningeal forms of
the disease that we can say that 10
per cent, of the cases among children
are fatal"
In the glandular tuberculosis of
children, said DR.. Krumwiede, the per-
centage is even higher. Cases having
a bovine origin in infections of the
lympathic glands of the neck run as
high as SO to IS per cent in children
under 16. This is the commonest form
and though not necessarily fatal it
leaves its victim with a long scar down
the neck The operation is imperative,
said the physician.
DIR. krumweide gave some idea of
the way that science has come to
know about the distinction between
the two forms. AS early as 1916 Klein
Ike insisted upon the infectitiousness
'of milk from tuberculous cattle Vile
min in 1865 strengthened this view
by showing that other animals could
get the disease from man and cattle
In 1896 Theobold Smith of Harvard
made his first statements regarding
the existence OF two types of these
bacilli and two years later he had
more to say about the human and bo-
vine varieties.
When kock. who in 1882 discovered
the tubercle bacillus. made his pro-
nouncement in 1901 to the effect that
the human variety could not be trans
ferred to cattle and that man was not
susceptible to bovine tuberculosis, the
prominence Of the physician and the
startling character of his conclusions
aroused the interest which has led to
the most recent andings
Although, as DR.. Krumwiede put it
SSoNSAuoys NuS uoNlUS variety may De
considered a negligible factor in pull
monary cases among adults. yet it's
danger makes prevention a necessity.
This can only be accomplished. said
he. by allowing the circulation of milk
that Is certified or guaranteed or if
this Is impossible to pasteurize all the
milk that the city's children will drink.
The Board of Health has realized the
necessity Of this and after December
81 OF this year all milk and cream Of
fered for sale in the city of New York
except certain specially designated
grades of the highest quality are to be
pasteurized under conditions prescrib-
ed by the board. This order is being
sent out by Health Commissioner Led
erie in the forthcoming number Of the
departments monthly bulletin.
The Commissioner also announces
that there are now thirty-three inspec-
tors employed by the department to go
through the country districts. New
York receives it's daily supply of 3
100000 quarts, says the Commissioner.
from $4,000 farms situated in seven
States. Some of the 1,10o creameries