davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
NOTED EXILE ENROUTE
TO PEkIN; ALSO GENERAL.

pekin, Nov S.--Two men are on
| the way to pekin whose coming IL
anxiously awaited. one of the men Is
| lang Chi Chiao, the noted exile, who
Is considered the most influential
| Chinaman of letters He Is believed to
be returning here from Japan to take
an active part In the work of reform
| The other is General Chang Shao
| Tsen, commander Of the Lanchau
troops who forced promises from the
administration of a constitutional gov
ernment
General Chang has refused appoint
ment as imperial envoy to concillate
| the people Of the north, on the ground
that his troops desired to remain un-
der his command, and he Is on his
way to the capital at the SUNNI mons or
the government probably for the pur-
| pose of a broad discussion OF the SIT
uatlon with the administration, II that
| Is possible.
There is no question Of the serious
ness Of events in Pekln.
The foreign residents for the most
part are amply protected, but thou-
sands Of natives are terror-stricken
and fear the approach of Chang Shao
Tsen, who may not come alone,
In the national assembly today the
members asked what measures had
been taken for the protection pe.1l,, Of the
CONTINUED on Page 2, Col. 81
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
DONA ANA.
REPUBLICANS CONCEDE
DONA ANA TO M'DONAIU

Las Cruces n. NJ, Nov. S.-The
republicans here have conceded the
election of Mcdonald, the demo
cratic candidate for governor in this
county by a majority of ninety-eight
The Blue Ballot amendment was rat
flied by ZOO.
C. O. Bennett the democratic can
aldate for county clerk, won over
Isidoro Armijo. who has held the JOB
for twelve years. Rodriguez the
democratic candidate for probate
Judge. won over his republican oppo-
nent. Morgan Llewellyn, the demo-
cratic candidate for district attorney
carried the county by forty-three.
The balance of the republican tick
ct was carried in the county. H. B'
Holt, republican candidate for the
state senate. won by two votes. 1t IS
reported that the democrats will con-
test Holt's election on behalf of their
candidate, James Fl. Paxton.
Edward l.. Medler, republican can
dldate for district judge, carried this
county by 236. The balance of the
counties in the judicial district are all
democratic and it is not known
whether Mr.. Medler's majority VIII De
large enough to overcome that OF ms
sopponent Judge John Y. Hewitt, III
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09

Almost complete returns from q
majority of the counties OF New Mex
leo Indicate the election of Mcdonald
and the entire democratic state tick
ct by majorities slightly below five
thousand. In all Of the hitherto
strong republican counties the ma
jorty for that party has been mater
tally reduced, while in the usually
democratic counties the maiorities
for the democratic candidates arc
above the normal
While the republican campaign
managers are not yet willing to pub
licly admit their defeat, 1t Is knowr
that privately they have abandoned
all hope of victory.
In Corfax county both parties claim
vct ny. ard II is eNfe 70 predict that
the final result viii not show ma
iority of over 100 for either party.
In San Miguel county the demo-
Gratis claim that the state ticket viii
be carried by a small majority, but
the republican rarty managers insist
that Bursum has carried the county
by some 800.
In Guadalupe county almost COM
plete returns indicate the defeat OF
Bursum by few votes and the cleo
ton of the balance of the state ticket
by small majority In this county
the county ticket Is divided.
In Bernalillo county the democrat
&c state and county ticket carried by
an average majority OF a little ovel
twelve hundred with a few small pre-.
cincts yet to hear from, which vii
probably not change the resul
though the democratic majority may
be slightly increased.
Lincoln county gave majority Of
about 200 for the democratic ticket
and Luna about 800 the same way.
Meagre returns from Mckinley
county show republican majority
for the state ticket of one hundred
while Mora is claimed by the repub.
leans by 200.
Otero gave a majority of 200 FOL
the democratic ticket, and the Nc
Donald majority in quay is estimated
at 400, which may be increased on th,
final count.
Rio Arriba is claimed by the re
publieans by $50, while Sandoval
hitherto a republican stronghold, ha'
given a majority of $50 for McDon
aid, and the democratic state ticket
The majority in Sandoval is based OF
returns from three-fourths of thu
election districts and 1t is said tina
returns from the precincts yet to heal
from cannot change the result.
Santa F'e is claimed by the repub
hcans by a small majority which Il
said, cannot exceed 150.
Sierra is democratic by 100 at least
and this majority may be double'
when the final returns are received.
In Socorro, Bursum's home county
the republican candidate for govern
or claims majority OF 900, but thi
not conceded by the democrats
VINO insist that the final figures vii
snow a republican majority of no
10 exceed 400.
The returns from Taos are meagre
me republicans claim this county b.
200.
Torrance is democratic by a smal
majority as is also Union. In Unioi
"e returns to date show McDonal,
"ddlng by 200, but the final return
may reduce this to fifty.
valencia county is claimed by thu
iepupllcans by about l,100.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
HANKOW PRESENTS
SCENE Of DEATH
AN D RUIN
FOUR HUNDRED THOUSAND
PEOPLE ARE HOMELESS
Two-ThirdS Of Chinese City in
Ashes; LoOting Occurs Pekin
Still Loyal But May Fall Any
Time.
IBy Morning journal special Leased Wire,

IBy Morning journal special Leased wire.l
Uankow. Nov. s. (Via Wu HUI
Nov. s--The city of Hankow has
been destroyed by fire. over two
thirds of its extent is In ashes. The
lowest estimate of the loss is s5o.OOO.-
600. Four hundred thousand per-
sons are destitute. Hundreds OF half
burned bodies lie among the ruins.
Many of them are the bodies of wo-
men and children.
The customs house, the postoffice
and the American missions have been
spared. The city has been looted, the
imperiallsts taking hand in the pill
Laying. Imperialist officers tried to
check the work and executed num-
her of the soldiers. Refugees were
deprived of their loot in entering the
British concessions, carloads of valu-
able furs. silks and Jewelry being
seized. 1t Is suggested that tho Red
Cross receive the proceeds.
on Friday afternoon the consuls
appealed TO the imperialists to cease
burning the town. A proclamation
which was issued Immediately de.
clared that the rebels were respon-
sble FOR the fires and ordered that
these be checked. The following day
new nres started In various quarters.
The David Hill Memorial school for
the blind, connected with the Wes-
leyan mission, has been looted, while
the mission property In WI Chang,
which is held by the lFurgents' has
been protected.
On November 3. thera was consid-
erable gunnery practice, beginning
before daylight. The imperialst bat
terry behind Hankow moved TO the
southwest in helated fulillment of
the promise to shift the line Of fire
from the concessions. This battery
and another stationed on the plains
engaged in a heavy duel with Han
Yang Hill. The Wu Chang forts used
powder occasionally and Joined in the
defense of Han Yam.
A few hundred revoiutlonists are
still In Hankow. Rifle men on oppo-
site sides Of the Han river fought all
day Saturday and there has been sim
liar fighting today, but steadily de-
creasing in volume. There Is much
open revolutionary talk among the
imperialists.
Foreigners who have not been
given the opportunity of witnessing
the engagements except at n distance
are hearing horrifylng stories OF
brutality. The imperialists have
hanged men and, failing to strangle
them tortured them to death, prod
ded them with bayonets, or crushed
them to death with stones. The out
RACES against women can not be
told. Red Cross bearers have been
killed or wounded. Soldiers on both
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
TORRANCE.
LOOKS LIKE CLOSE THING
FOR BURSUM IN TORRANCE

Estancia. n. NJ. Nov. S.-With two
precincts out of II yet to hear from,
Bursum has 500 votes in Torrance
county and Mcdonald 764. a Bursum
majority of SO. 1t Is believed the re-
turns from these two precincts Will
make II the closest race in the state.
With five precincts yet to hear from
the blue ballot has 37S majority. The
only men on the county ticket elect
ed by the republicans are Sanchez,
probate clerk, and c. j. Amble, treas
urer, the superintendent of schools
being in doubt, with the prospects
good for the election of r. A. Marble.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
WOMAN PRISONER
ASKED TO BE SHOT

Sacramento, Cal, Nov. S.-- Drama
tic in the extreme, was the scene en-
acted in the yard OF the city Jail this
afternoon when, as Captain Of Police
Pennsh stood with his revolver level
ed at target voice walled plead
ng Shoot me I'm the name Of God,
shoot me"
From behind the barred door peer
ed the wrinklcd face of an aged wom-
an, the personification Of misery and
suffering. The woman was Mrs Mary
Patton aged 20 years who, with her
son, Louis Patton, Ind been arrested
for drunkenness.
Tearing from her throat her tat
tered dressing sack, Mrs. Patton again
cried, End my misery with bullet.
shoot me-"
pennish laid down his revolver and
turned away as did other police Of
ficlals.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
pE.KIN EXPECTED TO
FALL AT ANY TIME

Tien Tsin. Nov. S,-Pekin was still
loyal this afternoon but hundreds are
fleeing from the city as a rising at
any moment Is feared.
International troops here are held
in readiness for any emergency They
win be commanded. If they act, by a
Japanese general as senior officer.
II Is reported that the former MN
lister of war. General Yin Tchang' mas
recommended a general massacre OF
the Chinese by the Manehus.
The viceroy and high officials met
the leading gentry and known sympa-
thizers with the revolutionists tonight
and amicably discussed the terms on
which the city would surrender The
meeting terminated without a deel-
sion.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
S0CORR0.
BURSUM GETS MAJORITY OF
ONLY 20 IN MAGDAIAENA \

Magdalena. n. NJ. Nov. S.-Out of
2S3 votes in Magdalena precinct Bur
sum got a bare majority of twenty
nine. The majority was held down to
this figure in spite OF the fact that
Bursum had a big bunch of workers
at the polls all day with unlimited
supplies of money while the demo-
Gratis had practically no money at all
in use.
The returns from the western pre-
cincts, where Mcdonald is strongest,
will not get in until tomorrow.
There is every reason to believe
here that Bursums majority in the
county of Socorro will not be over
500. The democratic county ticket
will undoubtedly be elected.
The republican county candidates
concede their defeat.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
HoW Albuquerque City
Voted on State Ticket


For Governor. .
Mcdonald, 1876; Bursum, .
. ITO; majority, S76, .
Lieutenant Governor. .
De Baca, 1902; Martinez, S11; .
. majority. 791.
Secretary of State. .
Lucero, 1895; Romero, S11; .
. majority, 7s4,
State Auditor. .
Delgado, 1.51S; Sargent, 500; .
majority 629.
State Treasurer. .
Marion. 1901; Mirabal, sos; .
majority. 796.
. State Superintendent of Schools. .
White. 1,54O; Stroup, $40; .
. majority, go.
Attorney General. .
McGill. 1887; Clancy 1O2S, .
. majority for McGill, 259. .
. Commissioner of Public Lands. q
Emerson, 1,572; Ervicn, $50; .
majority, 722.
. For supreme Court Justices. .
IidHndf i,0 VS. ~ h''i "f"t
majority, 1886
Purkhart L579, Wright. S55; .
majority, 79i.
Dunn, 1,547 Roberts, S77; .
. majority, $40.
Corporation Commissioners. .
Van stone, 1,57l; Armijo, SO4; .
emajority, 767
Martinez, l,492; Williams. 92S; .
. majority, 56i.
. owen. 1884 Groves, S62, .
majority, 1872.
For Congress.
Ferguson, 1850; Curry, 877; .
. majority, 673.
. Valverde, 1,4J0; Baca. S19; .
. majority. 631.
For the Blue Ballot, 1888. .
Against the Blue Ballot. 1856. .
Majority, S0S .
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
FINANCIERS NOT TO
MAKE LOAN AT PRESENT

Paris, Nov. s,--Reports OF the
American. French and English bank
ers Interested In the Chinese currency
reform loan, at a meeting here today
unanimously decided that the sltua-
tion in China was critical and accord
ingly It was decided that no action
be taken In furthering the loan AZ
present. ]. p. Morgan, Jr., attended
the conference.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
PEOPLE Of NEW MEXICO SOUND
KNELL Of GANG RULE BY
AVALANCHE Of BALLOTS
REPUBLICAN STR0NGH0LDS
REPUDIATE BURSUM AND BOSSES

Cof in Doubt and viii Not Give Over Hundred Majority to
Either Side; Republican Maories Almost Wiped Out in San
Miguel Mora and Taos; SoCOro viii Give Not Over Three
Hundred For Bursum While Valencia Contributes Thous
and to Republican Cause; Democratic Counties in Eastern
New Mexico Increase Their Normal MaiorteS; Eddy Gives
1875 ChaveS 500, Roosevelt 900 and Curry 625 Entire
Democratic Ticket Carries in Grant, With 300 Majority
For Mcdonald Dona Ana Democratic BY $50, With County
Ticket Divided.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
SAN JUAN.
M'DONALD HAS NEARLY FOUR
HUNDRED IN SAN JUAN

Pennington, N. NJ, Nov S.-Com-
plete unofficial returns from all pre-
cincts save Pine river, give McDon-
aid majority of 1854; oe Baca, 1877;
Lucero. 173; McGill. 1856; Delgado,
176 White, Ii; Emerson, 1863; Mar
ron, 1870; Ferguson, 234 Valverde,
1872; sulzer, 175; Whitehcad,' 25S;
Crist, 26i. Crissman, progressive re-
publican, is elected member of the
legislature from this county. The blue
ballot amendment carried in San Juan
county by a vote of II to l..
Pine River, the precinct yet to be
heard from, usually gives demo-
cratic majority OF from 10 to 20.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
BURSUM MAJORITY MAY RUN
TO 500 IN SOCORRO COUNTY

Socorro, n. NJ. Nov. S.-Friends of
Bursum at 8 o'clock tonight insist
that his majority is now running over
500 and that when the reports come
in from half a dozen western pre-
cincts It may be increased. 1t will be
tomorrow or next day before the re-
turns come in from the remote dis
tricts. These. however, especially
Mogollon, are believed to be strongly
democratic,
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
GUADALUPE.
BURSUM RUNS BEHIND
TICKET IN GUADAIJPi

Santa Rosa, n. NJ. Nov. S.-Re-
turns from all save three Of the pre-
ciucts of Guadalupe county indicate
the election of the republican state
ticket, save Bursum, by majorities
ranging between rs and 100. The de-
feat Of Bursum by small majority
is conceded by the republican mana
gers here. On the county ticket the
democrats elected the treasurer and
two county commissioners.
The blue ballot was carried by
about 150 in the county.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
UNION.
MAJORITY or FIFTY IS
EXPECTED IN UNION

Clayton, N. M, Nov. S.-John A
Pace says that with twelve out of
twenty-five precincts in the demo-
cratic arc 200 ahead in Union coun-
ty, and that the final result will be
very close, not over fifty majority
either way.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
COLFAX.
DEMOCRATS CLAIM COLFAX
FOR M'DONAID BY 500

Ration, N. M, Nov. THAT Me
Donald and the democratic state tick
ct will carry Colfax county by at
least 800 is the estimate made this af-
ternoon. Mcdonald carried Ration by
205; Cimarron. Charles Springer's
home precinct, by one vote, 161 to
160; and Penil precinct by twenty
eight. Bursum carried Dawson by AZ.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
ROOSEVELT.
$50 AND MORE FOR M'DONALD
IN COUNTY or ROOSEVELT

Ella, N. NJ. Nov. S.-Twenty- three
out of twenty eight precincts Of
Roosevelt county give Mcdonald a
majority of $50. The democratic
state ticket Is running about three to
one. Twenty-three precincts give the
Blue Ballot a majority of 931. Dean,
republican nominee for sheriff, goes
in over Land, democrat, by a substan-
tlal majority. The rest of the demo-
cratic county ticket is elected by a
good majority. The returns are COM
Ing In very slowly.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09

Practically complete returns of the
election from the precincts of Ber-
nalillo county show that William c.
Mcdonald received majority OF
slightly over twelve hundred and that
the entire state, county and leglsla-
tive ticket runs well along with the
head of the ticket II was an un-
precedented victory for the people
and for the forces of good goyern-
ment. crushing rebuke for the
third or fourth time to Francisco
Hubbell and his political methods and
Il tremendous vote of confidence In
the county commissioners, the sheriff,
and the probate clerk who were can
iidates to succeed themselves. The
maiorities for Herbert r. Reynolds
for Judge and NJ u. Vigil for district
attorney, as well as for the legisla-
tive candidates rank along with the
figures on the state ticket and neither
the Bursum nor the Hubhell ticket
got look in at any stage of the
game. The result has more than
justified the confident claims of
County Chairman w. II. Gillenwater
and of the Morning Journal and at-
fords the final demonstration of the
fact that no ticket, however present
able nominated under the auspices Of
Francisco Hubbell can hope to make
any showing before the voters Of this
county.
II is significant Of the confidence OF
the people In the honesty and ability
of Jesus Romero, re- elected sheriff,
that his majority was ono OF tue
largest and that not only did his op-
ponent receive decisive wallopns
In the city but had no chance at all
In the outside precincts.
Romeros big victory comes In tho
face OF the fact that he vas piactlc-
ally the only man on the democratic
progressive ticket upon whom bit
ter fight was centered by Mr.. Huhbell
and his newspaper
Atanacio Montoya, elected super
lntendent of schools also ran nobly
In the city In spite Of the fact that
the Hubbellties were confident that
McCollum would defeat him Inside
the corporate limits.
Frank w. Clancy candidate for at
torney general, ran rather better
than the remainder Of the state
ticket, polling 1,973 votes, as against
the vote of 2,G27 for McGill the lat
ter's majority being only 654. The
democrats ana progressives "ate 'em
up" all along the line, Fred Heyn for
assessor making q particularly strong
showing both in city and county.
There Is little distinction, however, to
be made among the county candl-
dates as every one had margin
mile wide and in no case was there
anything like a close race.
The average majority for the peo'
ple's ticket is well over a thousand.
The victory was won in spite of the
fact that the opposition spent money
like water. 1t Is estimated that close
to fifty thousand dollars was spent
during the latter part of the cam
palgn and the most desperate effort
was made TO stem tide Of pubic
sentiment that was absolutely IRE
sistable. Every attempt az fraud or
repeating was promptly nailed ana
1t was probably the fairest election
ever held in Bernalillo county
Following Is the result in the coun-
ty In detail
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09

Topeka, Kan. Nov. S.--Delbert IT.
Thompson, an attendant OF the state
insane asylum, was beaten TO death
today by A r. Gerald, a negro In
mate Thompson was overseeing a
number of patients who were polish
ing the floors IN one of the buildings.
Gerald attacked him Unexpectedly
with a heavy mop, fatally injurlng his
before assistance could arrive.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
ExIIIED REFORMER Is
RETURNING TO CHINA

Toxic, Nov. Slang Chi Chiao'
the noted Chinese reformer and edi-
tor. who has been living in exile IN
japan for some years, left here today
for Pekln. 1t Is believed he is re-
turning to China with the intention
of taking prominent part In the re-
for ,nnVpfneut
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09

probably give Mcdonald a majority
Of at least zoo. With ten precincts
o,t Of the tweniy-six still to be heard
from, Mcdonald has 1,247, and Bur
sum 1,001. In silver City McDonald's
majority was ninety-two
For the house the returns from six
teen precincts indicate that A. s.
Goodell. republican for the house, de-
fea'te Frank Veasley, democrat,
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
GRAN T..
DEMOCRATIC TICKET
TRIuMPHs IN GRANT

oiNer City, n. NJ, Nov. Sin ona
VI me hottest political contests ever
~aseu IN Grant county. the republi-
%"s snow gains over the last gener-
-, eleeuon and succeeded in electing
u''F candidates county assessor,
treasurer ana one member of the leg
stature
'" b' Walton. for the state senate,
nv, ,s"us ms republican opponent, w. b,
'o'Iay' and will probably be electe :
y az least 125 majority.
'h' re'nrEs on The state ticket viii
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09

the counties of otero. Lincoln and
Torrance.
Judge Parker, for the supreme
court secured a majority of i07 in
this. his home county.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
EDDY.
M'DONAID'S MAJORITY IN
EDDY TWELVE HUNDRED

Carlsbad, n. M, Nov. 8.-With re-
turns practically complete the indica-
tons are that McDonald's majority in
the county will be little less than
Thirteen hundred.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
MORA.
BURSUM LOW MAN ON THE
TICKET IN MORA COUNTY

Santa Fe, N. M, Nov S.--The fol-
lowing republican majorities are re-
ported from Mora county:
Bursum, lowest man, 175; Mala-
quias Martinez, 296; Romero, 275;
Mirabal, 200; Clancy. 311; Sargent,
294; Stroup. 29S; Ervien, S01; Rob
erts, $40; White, $40; Parker. 3l6;
~~>~o-o~.~-c~~-~-~~~
Continued on Page 2, Column ID
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
TWELVE HUNDRED MAJORITY
FOR NJ DONALD IN BERNAL|LLO;
TICKET RUNS WITH HEAD

Complete Returns Show That Albuquerque and the County
Give Overwhelming Vote For Democratic Progressive Re-
publican Ticket From Top to Bottom; Voters Register An
other Crushing Rebuke to Francisco Hubbe and No Man
On His Ticket Has LOOkn; Average Majority Win Be Over
Thousand. saTs g,31tts.tr.&ap4
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1911-11-09
E stimate By Counties
on Vote for Governor

The following table is based upon
the returns received by the Morning
journal up to midnight last night;
Crittenden record-press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1909-191?, 1911-01-05

fair count this time in order that
the party's chances may not be
put in jeopardy in the November
election OF 1911. The Democra-
tic party's prospects throughout
the nation are now most promis-
ing, and Kentucky Democrats
would commit the objectionable
sin if they should so conduct
themselves in 1911 as to make
this state even debatable territory.
The number of candidates for
the Democratic nominations will
be materially reduced by the
calling of the primary, but there
will be at least two good men to
contest for the gubernatorial
nomination, as well as two for
the state authorship and one or
two other more important offices
and a clean and able ticket will
be assured whatever the out
come of the primary.
The committee in view of
ii protestations OF a desire TO
give all Democrats a chance
to vote in their home pre-
cincts IS absolutely indefen-
sible in refusing to include
the United States sena orship
in the primary. At its Jan.
meeting it should remedy
this blunder.