davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
Allatoona Gave Birth to Hymn, Hold the Fort"

mission as major general in the regular
army was one of the forms the apprecia-
tion of Thomas's great service TO the
country took. In the course OF the two
days lighting he had captured 4i62 prison.
crs, including PSI officers OF all grades fron
that Of major general, fifty-three pieces OF
artillery and thousands of small arms. HIS
killed numbered only 3S, his wounded
255S. and his missing IL, a total OF 3.o5I.
In the course OF the campaign he had
captured more than thirteen thousand
prisoners Hoods disorganized army was
swiftly pursued and the remnants ulti-
mately reached Tupelo, Miss, where Hood
applied for relief from his command, his
force having dwindled TO fewer than
twenty thousand men. Only few moro
than five thousand men ultimately re-
ported to General Joseph Z. johnson. who
succeeded to the command, the remainder
having disappeared. Thomas, in the battle
Of Nashville, on December Is and Is, had
demolished an army and assured the sue
cess Of Sherman's march by preventing an
ambitious invasion OF the North.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

II should. of course. be understood that
when the reservoir is completed and be-
fore water is permitted 10 lie in il and re-
feet the tremulous beauty of stars on it's
bosom by night. all foreign substances
will be removed from the site of the
reservoir and the grounds as thoroughly
renovated as human ingenuity and labor
can effect.
In the basins behind the Ashoksn dam
will be stored l3O,0O0.OO0,o00 gallons of
water to be conveyed TO New York city
through 2 Niaduct of about one hundred
miles i'm length. 1t being natural that the
uopulation OF the largest city of the
Western Hemisphere should he umorous
about assuagine their thirst with water
coming from such fountain head, unless
il were purified before il was tapped from
their pipes and faucets. the engineers
have explained their proposed method of
securing this desired result.
These persons who have experienced
shooting. ingrowing pains because vari-
GUS things. such rs mentioned above
were true concerning the source of the
city's new water supply. may. therefore,
beginning at once. take comfort in the
aerator. From every angle Of ohserva-
tion by the public the aerator must stand
forth a Jewel Of surprising worth and
beauty.
Construction has already begun The
mission Of the aeratcr Is 20 protect the
public first from impurities, and also from
bad tastes and odors due 20 small sub
stances that may have formed in the
reservoir.
The mixing Of the water with air re-
moves Objectionable tastes and odors and
purifes the water To attain this highly
desirable end the water will be shot from
multitude Of fountains over an area OF
two acres ..
The fountains will assume definite
forms. The air Will be filed with a dewy
freshness The Great Dipper will be use
frl as well as ornamental when the sky
becomes the target for these millions OF
tons Of spray that Will seethe like cham
pagnc.
To see the silver columns vanish tow
ard the stars and hear the plash OF the
waters in the moonlight will tempt bridal
couples away from Niagara, but they need
not 5c bride and bridegroom to think
themselves living radiant dream. AL
most any one will stand gazing, admiring,
rapt
The location Of the aerator is on by
PASS at the emuent works Of the Ashokan
and Kensico reservoirs. It's shape is that
of an isosceles triangle formed by the
highway and roads that lead to the lower
efluent chamber and across the dixie to
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

conical tin. on the sides OF this nozzle
within the base are fixed three vanes
that extend into the waterway. The vanes
start at the bottom, parallel to the dlrec-
ton of flow. and gradually assume an
inclination OF about sixty degrees with
the element Of the cylindrical base.
This arrangement will make the water
issuing from the nozzle to be thrown out
ward from the tip and form very reg
ular fan-shsped jet in which distinct
whring motion is perceptible.
Engineers have found that this type OF
nozzle IS more efficient in breaking up
the water than other types, and that 1t
is able to produce a jet that is more sta
Bile I'm the wind than other types
The nozzles will he bolted to bronze
castings. and these latter will be set in
concrete The diameter of oriice that Is
necessary to aerate the full flow of the
aoueduct is about two inches. Although
experiments were made with a smaller
nozzle. there is a probability that TINS
size will be adopted for the first install
lation.
Since the city of New York VIII take
from the supply about five hundred MIL
lions gallons of water daily. person can
form some idea of the immense supply OF
water that will issue through these noz-
zles every twenty-four hours. Twenty
one million gallons Of water passing
through those nozzles every hour Will
mean that In the desert q fountain ],
sprineine," which spouts $3.50 tons OF
water toward the dome Of heaven each
sixty minutes.
The availablc head for aeratlon is about
twenty feet at tho base of the nozzle
which spurts q jet about fifteen feet high
For the most part the Jets are spaced uni
formlv about sixteen inches apart. so that
there is an interference Of two adjacent
lets almost as soon as the water shoots
from the orifce, and when nozzle line
Is in operation ii will appear as SOLID
wall Of spray
To form breaks in the lines by omittinc
tho no2zles Mt two points is. however, the
present intention. These points in oacf
line will he so chosen that two lanes OF
vistas about fifteen feet wide will be
formed across the aerator BY placing ad-
ditional nozzlcs 10 form symmetrical clus-
ters along the borders Of the vistas and
at the ends Of the nozzle lines the beauty
of the spraying fountains will be en-
HANGED.
All day long 10 dewy dusk and then
through scented nights these hundreds of
tremendous fountains will leap upon the
air; hang midway between heaven and
earth: be tinged with many colored dyes;
splash into the pool with a melting mel
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
SEVEN VILLAGES LOST.

When tho site for the Ashokan Reser-
voir was chosen there were persons VINO
recalled with q twingc akin TO pain that
the land was tho home Of seven villages,
which in 1905 had a population Of two
thousand The sites of these villages will
he submerged upon the completion Of the
reservoir. The tract also contained thir-
ty-two cemeteries. where $500 bodies had
been buried Among the first of the ac-
tivities undertaken by the contractors
was the removal Of these bodies to other
resting places.
Drinking water from reservoir oc-
cupyine the ground over which for many
years herds Of cattle had srazcd' 10
wonder the high wrought organism Of the
average New Yorker quivered with a keen
sense Of dissatisfaction at the prospect.
Accustomed 10 the best the market al
fords. from imported wines 10 bottled
native spring water too pure TO analyze
suddenly to comprehend that the city =
water supply would come from fields long
fertilized by rowing bovine herds was
enough 10 take the lit out of life
Imagination was about to make towards
Of ms all Broodine over the probable
acreage Of old. feeble and decayed vege-
tstion and other rubbish in the basins OF
tho reservoir was soon discovered by New
Workers 10 he a splendid activity 10 avoid;
otherwise. the whole city would be re-
duced 10 a condition Of sombre hypochon'
driasis.
Unless the engineers had hit upon the
plan to guarantee publication Of this pur-
gatorio product it is doubtful whether the
sale Of a glass Of il could have been
negotiated under any circumstances. There
are some things that shipwrecked sailor
will decline
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
PLAN OF OPERATING.

To encounter variations in flow. the In
tention is 10 operate the aerator always
under the full available head by shutting
off certain portions rather than by throt- I
tIing To accomplish this the nozzles VIII
be divided into groups OF varying capacity. 1
and each controlled by separate gate In
the eff1uent chamber. This being the case.
the flow may be increased or diminished
at WILL and the groups have been 90 ar
ranged that with any combination Of units
in service there will be r. symmetrical ar
rangement OF jets spouting in the basin.
The second purifying process which
the waters from the Ashokan Reservoir
will pass through will take place az East
view. about fifteen miles north OF the New
York City line There will be located the
Eastview filters. These Will in general
consist Of about two hundred concrete
tanks. rectangular in form and each with
an area of about one acre The tanks will
have a height of from twenty TO twenty
five feet Each tank will contain layers
of sand and gravel 10 a height OF about
five feet. The gravel layer Will be near
the bottom. and the water to he filtered
will extend to height Of about five feet
above the surface OF the sand. A series
the aqueduct and empty into the tank
near the top. A similar pipe will lead
from the bottom of the tank, taking the
filtered water and conveying It again to
the aqueduct
Whenever layer Of sediment has been
formed on the sand in the tanks II VIII
be scraped away as will also few inches
Of the sand. The sand thus removed VIII
be cleaned and will be replaced In tie
tanks as soon as required. Since the now
10 each tank is independent OF the Others
anv number OF the tanks can be cleaned
at one time without shutting off the entire
flow.
10 give the readers clear idea Of the
| immense water supply TO be stored In the
! Ashokan Reservoir it can be said that the
! water which the reservoir Will hold would
/ cover all of Manhattan Island TO depth
! Of twenty-eight feet. The area OF the
waters surface Is equivalent 10 that or
! Manhattan below 116th street.
| II would seem that the belief 81 one 81
! the engineers concerning the attractive
| features that will accompany the opera
tion IF the system is we'll within the
range of possibility He said the other
/ day:
! with the water issuing from a multi
tude Of fountains over an area or two
acres. the aerator will be feature that
will compare favorably with the most ad-
mirable Of natures wonders The foun-
tains will assume definite forms ana as
the suns rays strike The misty wells hang
/ ing over the tumbing waters rainbows VIII
/ form and, like magic bridges OF many
colors, they will span the spacious basin.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

Meanwhile in Philadelphia a patriotic and
phianthropic New Hampshire widow was
welding her facile pen In jealous cru
sade 10 have Thanksgiving Day established
as national festival. observed upon
uniform date throughout the country. This
woman, Mrs. Sarah Josepha Hale, for
twenty years persisted in this agitation,
not only through the columns OF THE La
dies Magazine" and "Godey's Lady's
Book" which she edited, but in letters
which she wrote during these two decades
to all OF the Presidents and Governors.
BY agreeing TO set the precedent of pro-
claiming the holiday on the last Thursday
Of each November. Lincoln at last crowned
her tireless efforts with success. and no
President has failed to emulate his ex-
ample
So Mrs Hale may be rightfuly termed
the mother Of our annual, national-wide
festival of Thanksgiving.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
TOO MUCH MONEY.

"Did you try counting sheep for your in
somna?'
eyes. doctor but / made a mess Of IT,
counted ten thousand sheep, put 'em on
the cars and shipped 'em to market. The
wad OF money got for EN- made me afraid
10 60 20 sleep louisville Courier-Journal.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
Every Gallon of the Vast
Supply from Behind the
Ashokan Dam VIII Be
Cleansed by Aerator.

-O most persons. consideration or
huge reservoirs built to contain a
IL city's water supply is perhaps a
diluted Joy There is satisfaction
~ all. Of course. in the assurance of the
commissioner Of Water that the reser-
voirs somewhere upstate. contain suf-
ocient number Of gallons OF water to pro-
,cct the city OF New York from the hor-
Tors Of a water famine. But the report
NJ the engineers at work on the Catskili
water system. which will provide the fu-
,rre water supply Of the city Of New
york-how dry such thinS usually is
when perused by a layman in SUCH en-
sneerns lore
Al last however the engineers have
struck upon q spectacular variation TO
,beir customary announcements pertaining
20 such uninteresting things-from the lay
mans viewpont--as the unprecedented
number OF cubic yards cxcavated for each
round hour OF effort during prescribed
period Of time.
They have decided to make the CatsEiil
water system perfect from the point Of
view OF purifcation of the feeding streams,
Esopus. Rondout Schoharie and other
CatskHl creeks. In the process OF do.ns
this. and quite as a by-product. one might
say. the CatskH water system will com
prisc al least one ornamental feature
REGULARLY. fascinatingly ornamental u
will be one Of the finest sights in the
world
The plant that will be constructed 70"
the purihcation OF New Iorks water sup
rlv will provide scenic display unlike
ANYTHING else I'm the country. IT viii he
worth going 1.lcs 10 see 1t will be dif-
ferent from Niagara. but tn many aspects
will possess y similar charm. Water in
motion win bc thc keynote Of the eXhi-
t'tion.
Each hour tho Will pass through
great group of foNutaius nearly twenty
one million gallons Of water This will
occur during the process Of purifying the
water supply in the novel way adopted by
tho engineers I'm charge.
The sight Of these mountains OF buoy
ant vapors dancirC iu the sunlight that
Father Knickerlockers hundreds Of mill
ions Of daily aquifcroUs gallons may he
aerated will strike the vision with tre-
mendous power II viii he something
glorious and almost incredible. 1t Will
make us an glad that aeration is deemed
necessary n assure not only water that
will cleam like diamonds. but that viii
he absolutely free from the numerous
dangers that otherwise would lurk i'm the
liquid taken from basins that had har-
bored countless things unpleasant to re-
call
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26
JUST BEFORE FIGHTING BEGINS.

Il hope your novel ends happily
Indeed IT does. IL ends in the marriage
of the heroine and hero; does not go into
their married life at all"-Houston Post.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

do you think he would be cool in tims
OF danger?"
'T think his feet would. ."-Houston Post
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

SUNDAYS NETWORK TRIBUNE
Mailed anywhere in the United States
for $3.50 a year.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

EARNED HER OWN REWARD.
Master-Did you find half crown on
the manteIpieeo. Bridget?
Bridset-Oi did, sorr!
Master-What have you done with III
Bridqet-Sure, Oi kept it for mo hon.
esty, sorr! Comic Cuts.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-26

-o most persons, consideration OF
huge reservoirs built to contain
Il city's water supply is perhaps a
diluted Joy. There is satisfaction
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10

partly because there is a larger acre
age Of apricots than of cherries ana
partly because the bulk OF the crop Is
dried.
The "cots" as they are called. are
cut smoothly in half. the pits taken
out and the halves laid, cup side up,
on trays for trying. Before being
put out in the sun to dry the fruit iS
subjected to the fumes of burning
|sulphur for about thirty minutes. This
bleaches the fruit. kills all germs that
may have found lodgment on the ripe
fruit and hastens the drying.
A great many fruit growers have
very extensive drying plants, but the
process of drying is about the same in
large and small plants After the
trays of apricots are filled, each tray
sprinkled with salt water. This fills
the cups with juice and the salt helps
the sulphur to take effect The trays
are piled to cars which run on
tracks through the packing sheds, and
are taken by the Japanese Workmen
to the sulphur house. This has closet
|compartmen just large enough for
the car to fit in. The sulphur is light
ed in the pits in the ground and the
door of the closet closed. Frequently
many sulphur closets are kept COM
stantly in operation
After the sulphur1ng process the
cars are wheeled out into the drying
fields and the trays are laid fiat On
the ground. Several days are required
to dry the fruit. according TO the
weather.
Peachers are dried through much
the same process as apricots. Prune5
are not sulphured as are peaches and
apricots but before being placed on
the trays to dry they are given q bath
in hot lye water.
Before being sent to the retailers
the greater part Of dried fruits are
sorted, washed and pressed into boxes
at the packing houses. This gives the
fruit a finer appearance but people
who live in the fruit regions prefer it
just as it comes from the dryer.
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
IMPROVING THE FARM HOME.
(By G., r. BARNS.)

Few things will contrib more 70
the comfort and "sanitation' OF
home than an ample supply Of run
ming water. This Is one of the sub
stantial attractions of the city home
That it is found in comparatively few
farmsteads is a reproach to the thrift
OF the owners, as well as to their
characters as husbands and fathers
A supply Of running water is not
only household convenience. but il
Is money-Saver in numerous ways
In the mere matter Of watering cattle
it will not only make a large saving
of labor, but it will increase the flow
OF milk in dairy cattle and cause
fattening beeves to lay On more flesh
than when their drink Is limited
The economies it will effect on even
q moderate-sized farmstead Will
amount to a good deal more each year
than the interest on an invest ment
of $500; and only rarely would the
outlay for its installation amount to
so large a sum as that. Forest Henry
in a recent article. figures that-a
well being already available-the cost
may be kept within 5000: which in
cludes a 500 windmill; leo feet of
1 IA inch pipe. connecting with house
and barn, and cost of laying same; the
building Of a cistern; Il small stock
tank: float valves and sundries. The
interest on 5000 at per cent. is on]v
$12 year. 1t is safe to say that any
farmer. with an ordinary bunch" of
cattle, loses several times that amount.
IN butter or beef product alone from
the limitation OF the amount of water
which is inevitable where much labor
Is involved in watering the animals.
All this without taking account OF the
conveniences, the improved healthful-
ness, and the saving of labor in the
house, which accompany the intro
duction drumming water.
The farmer should realize that it
pays better to put profits into farm
improvements of his own than to loan
1T at per cent. or per cent to i'm
prove some other mans farm.
The question with farmers should
not be whether they can afford an
equipment for running water, but
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
HIGH PRICES AND
THE FARMER

From the details that nave zen
presented with regard to the lncredNe
Of the prices Of farm products pet"e n
farmer and consumer, the conclusion
10 ,nevrahle that the customer has no
wel-grolnded complaint against tne
farmer for the prices that ne pays
The farmer supplies the capltai ior
nroduction and takes the fisk OF ms
losses: his crops are at the mercy Vi
drought, and food, and neat anu
frost, to say nothing or no&lous III
sects and bIighting diseases. lie sup
Dltes hard, exacting, unremitting labor
A degree and range of information ana
intelIigenc are demanded by agrl-
culture which are hardly equalied IN
any other occupation. Then there is
the risk of oVerproduction ana ulS-
actrously low prices. from Des1hnihS
10 end the farmer must steer dex-
trously to escape perils to his protlts
and indeed to his capital on every
hand At last the products are started
on their way to the consumer. Inc
railroad, generally speaking, adds
percentage Of increase to the farmers
prices that is not large. After de-
livery by the railroad the products are
stored d short time, are measured into
the various retail quantities, more or
less small, and the dealers are rid of
them as soon as possible. The dealers
have risks that are practically smll.
except credit sales and such risks as
grow out of their trying TO do an
amount of business which is small as
compared with their number.
After consideration OF the elem ents
OF the matter, it is plain that the
farmer is not getting an exOrbitant
price for his products, and that the
cost of distribution from the time Of
delivery at destination by the railroad
to delivery to the consumer is the
feature OF the problem of high prices
which must present itself to the con-
sumer for treatment,
Why do not consumers buy directly
from the farmers? A distribution Of
farm products in this simple way has
already begun IN England, where CO.
operative organizations of farmers are
selling to direct consignment to CO.
operative organizations OF consumers
in cities.
Farmers co-0pera tive selling asso-
Citations are numerous IN this country,
but cooperative buying associations
among the people Of cities and towns
are few. Aside from buying associa /.
tions maintained by farmers. hardly
any exist In this country. It is ap-
parent, therefore. that the consumer
has much ITO do to work out his own
salvation with regard to the prices
that he pays. Potatoes were selling
last spring in some places where there
had been pverprOduction for 90 cents
and in some places for even 9 cents
per bushel at the farm, while at the
same time city consumers in the East
were paying so to rs cents per bushel
although there was nothing to prevent
them from combining to buy q car
load Or more Of potatoes directly from
the grower and for delivery directly
to themselves.
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
FRUIT DRYING a GREAT m
DUSTRY.
(By C.. w. NULL.)

The packing and preparing for the
market OF the vast Quantities OF dried
fruit shipped from California ard
other fruit-raising States ;s interesting
TO all those who live In localities where
little or no fruit is raised eos the mar
ket. and where none is dried
Picking and marketing the immense
fruit crops in California give e,nnlov-
ment to many thousands OF pcorfa
throughout the summer months. Tho
picking is done by men but the pack
lnr is done almost entirely by women
and girls. Cherry packers becom q
very expert. the swiftest workers earn
ing as high as $3.50 per day. Ordinary
packers make from s1,25 to $1.75 per
day.
The apricot crop gives employment
ITO more people than the cherry cron
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
OATS AS A NURSE.

oats are frequently used as a nurse
ciops iof cioVer and grass, and in some
sections for alfalfa. This use is only
incidental, however, as the oats are
so"n primarily for the production OF
gram, while the position Of this crop
~ ~ the rotation imm ediately preceding
the meadow or pasture crop makes if
desirable, and in some cases necessary
70 SOW grass or clover seed with it.
"nen used as nurse crop rather less
seeo snould be sown than when not
SO USED, while early harvesting and the
growing Of early varieties are adyisa-
Ole. a less frequent iuse of oats is as
a cover crop in orchards to protect the,
roots or the trees by fading them in
late summer and by forming a mulch
Tor protection in winter. The cover
crop also serves to check the growth
OF the trees and to insure thorough
r1penlns OF the young wood before
cold weather. Canada field peas or
Vetch make valuable addition to oats
when used for this purpose
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
RAIL FENCE PHILOSOPHY

A dirty dollar never brings any
permanent good to the man who soils
his soul by taking it.
If all the wind that is expended i'm
blowing about our virtues was used
for pumping water for the cattle, there
would not be a thirsty creature in the
land.
The most diSagreeable farmer We
kho" IS one who when we meet in
to"h' talks so much about himself
tnsat we nave no time to exploit our
own virtues.
some men insist upon running
everything about the house except the
Washlng machine and the churn.