The Cairo bulletin., 1911-09-01
DANGERS OF DlsKINe
Expert Tells Of Practices to Be.
Avoided.
Foundation Of Dry Farming 10 to,
Farm for the Futurs--store Up
Moisture In Soil for the
Next Year.

We have been watching the effects
OF shallow blowing and disking for
nearly thirty years, and still we can
see no good In 1t. Every dry year
the same thing happens. In 1908 we
went over thousands OF acres where
the crops had been disked In on stub
BILE. We saw oats burned out six
and eight inches high; spring wheat
completely fired just beginning to
head; winter wheat that went only
five bushels to the acre; and fields of
corn on shallow-plowed sod that yield
ed nothing but a handful OF fodder,
writes e. r. Parsons. dry farm ex-
pert, In an exchange.
The disking and shallow blowing
habits come from the humid states,
whore 1t rains sometimes twice a
week. and small crops can always be
raised BY simply cultivating enough
TO keep the weeds out.
Farmers will sometimes say, I'VE
can raise more by disking than plow-
ing" This is true. because surface
farmer seldom plows more than three
inches, and he can do this equally
well and more quickly with the disk
Or he may pillow without narrowing.
let the ground dry out as he goes, and
plant In poorly prepared seed bed.
An old friend Of ours used to raise
Indifferent crops by blowing once in
three years and disking In his seeds
the two intervening years. The first
year his oats would be about two to
three feet high; the seond year, Is
inches; and the third. about foot;
but II dry year happened. there was,
nothing doing. He always would per-
sist that ne could raise good crops
without blowing to carry his cattle
through the winter. / happened to-
meet him in 1909. WELL" said,
how did you come out last yearY'
oh" he said. Il sold my cattle"
Thousands Of head Of cattle were
sold in the fall Of 1908 for the same
reason. This put the market down
adm the dry-farmers lost heavily.
Surprising we plant crop OF spring
wheat or oats on corn stubble, what
happens7 Ninety per cent of the
farmers put cattle on stubble during
the winter. The ground becomes hard
and overpacked; we disk this on the
surface and plant the seed, For a
while it does splendidly and If the
rains keep up will make fair crop:
but II dry weather comes and a crust
forms on the surface or under tina
mulch, the crop 10 gone. for 1t is solid
underneath. 1t has never been
plowedi
1t is the surface farmers who are
always wailing about this crust under
the mulch, but those who belong to
the deep-plowing school pay no atten-
ton to 1t. for they still have plenty
OF room for the roots OF their crops
down below, and II the mulch above
the crust ia in proper shape there ia
no more evaporation than there was
before.
A man wrote to me once and asked
what he should do for the crust under
the mulch. wrote back and said:
Next year pillow deep" His answer
was: How did you and out that
didn't pillow deepr
The worst consequence Of diskinE
without blowing is the effect II has
on next years crop. The ground be-
ing hard. the water penetrates very
little; the available moisture Is used
up by the crop. and the surplus evap-
crates or runs off. Nothing 10 saved
for next year.
In dry-farming, II we work only for
the present, we are living from hand
to mouth. The very foundation of this
branch OF agriculture is to farm for
the future. Store up moisture In the
coil for next year and the year after,
Keep track OF It with the pick and
shovel or with ground auger, and
you Will soon and out which style OF
farming pays the best.