davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12
Up Among the Big Hills of the South

country place in America, cost $4,000.
600. On Mount Pisgah, 5.I5I feet high.
which he owns, Mr.. Vanderbilt has a big
hunting lodge, reached by costly auto
mobile road Even now this IS the sum-
mer resort Of the South.
There are two different classes OF peo-
pie who are opposed 10 the creation OF
the reserve. One is the ''moonshiner."
who makes mountain dew" without
governmental leave or license. He Is
"agin" any more United States super
vision and wants no Forest Service peo-
pie investigating 10 learn why smoke
Genes from a hollow tree which is never
consumed. or what 1t is he carries IN
the little brown jugs. He is an interest
ing character. this "blockader," for so
the revenue officers term him. and in the
main a harmless one for all the tales
told OF his "potting revenues" with his
ancient rife when they invade his soli-
tudcs. Not always harmless. however
Sometimes he fires az revenue othcers
when they have cut up with axes par
ticularly profitable whiskey still. and
Il
sometimes bear traps with spring Jaws
which can break mans leg are hidden
in paths for others than bears.
other opposition comes from some
lumbermen who think the United States
wishes TO stop the cutting Of timber
In this they are wrong. because II is the
declared policy Of the Bureau OF Forestry
merely 10 save the mountains from be-
/ coming eroded wastes. and cutting OF
large trees viii not cause erosion unless
the debris be allowed to accumulate and
CONSEQUENT fires destroy the under
growth. In fact II is believed from state
ments made In Congress that the COM
mission will probably purchase. at nrst
M least. only land cut over by lumber
men. both because the price VIII be
much lower than for virgin forest and
because il is the "cut over land which
needs attention TO preserve the under
/ erovth and small trees which serve as
effectually 10 retain the waterfall Is
| larger trees.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12
MANUFACTURING A MENACE.

At Ducktown. Tenn, are some copper
smelters. In the course OF the few years
they have been in operation the sui
phuric acid fumes have killed all vege-
tation over an area OF several square
miles. The results comprise a clearly
readable story Of what happens when
the earth is denuded OF the Tegetation
which normally serves 10 protect the
! headwaters Of a stream. In places the
soil has been entirely removed and the
red clay exposed. The debris has over
loaded the streams and been deposited
in food plains, at the rate OF foot
year. On Potato Greek this waste has
accumulated into a food plain from
100 to 300 yards wide in which telephone
poles have been buried almost 10 their
crossarns and highway bridges, road
beds and trestles have either been buried
or carried away by the floods. The
swirling currents are no respecters Of
persons and know neither friends nor
enemies. They have turned on the very
shelters that produced them like retrib-
utive justice. At Isabella smelter
floods have swept through the store and
other buildings and threatened the very
fires in the furnaces themselves. Such
great quantities OF sand are carried into
Ocoee River in food times as 70 prevent
the running OF two ferries at the
smelter until the river has had time TO
scour it's channel clear again.
All through the region the investi-
gators found evidences OF the unhappy
conditions resulting from mans de-
struction OF the equilibrium between
forest and stream. Floods were more
frequent, not only because Of the greater
rapidly with which the water ran on.
but owing TO the less amount OF water
required for an overflow. In the
Watauga basin, In 1901. a food did
Continued on flfth page.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

Of most Of the chestnut, chestnut cak
and oak left by the lumbernen. One OF
the largest pulp mills In the country 10
assisting in the work OF devastation To
complete It. forest fires may be counted
en- to sweep over the denuded areas
Then the land. having been robbed Of It's
present wealth, picked to the bones, as
Il were, Is abandoned to the tax col
lector.
Mining contributes to the devastating
influences. There are a great variety OF
mineral deposits in the southern APP
palachians. Wood Is useful for sup
porting the galleries OF the mines. Placer
mining In some districts Is carried on
by hydraulic erosion. and even the smelt-
, ing Of copper ores is adding to the
havoc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

ought to remain in forests. In clearing
the land only the underground and small
trees ,.~- removed. The big ones are
girdle, and left standing until they die.
Many nelds. it IS said. are worn out and
abandoned before all Of the girdled trees
have fallen. Then new fields are cleared
beside the abandoned clearings and are
denuded in the same destructive manner
The clearing of virgin forests for agri-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

clothe again the mountains top and the
many accidents which may Illustrate the
effort just as ii is about TO be crowned
with success.
LAUNDERING is doing its part to de-
nude the soil. Lumber IS hauled from
fifteen to twenty-five miles over rough
mountain roads or transported by log
ging railroads. Large tanneries are doing
what they can 10 insure the destruction
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

Large areas equal II one-fourth Of the
territory have been stripped Of practi-
cally all the valuable timber through
reckless numbering. forest fires and what
the investigators style agricultural
butchery.' What remains of these for
ests forms the largest and most valuable
hardwood area left in the United States,
and with proper care 1t may be made the
permanent source OF the national hard
wood supply. The rainfall on the south
eastern slope is greater than anywhere
else in the United States, with the ex-
ception Of the North Pacific coast, the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

Continued on flfth page.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12
ENLIGHTENING The FARMER.

well. We'll have to look over the
ground and see If IT will grow trees
again. If there is enough soil for them
TO root in planting them will be one
thing the government may want to do
with your worn out fields Then we will
have to bank up the stream so that
rainfall will not carry of any more Of
vour land. Now all the water runs off
quickly because there is nothing like
roots Of trees and soil between them to
hold II back
Have you got 10 fix UP all the streams
back here in the mountains that way?'
the wondering farmer may ask. That's a
mighty big job you've got on your hands.
It all gets back TO little things, don't it?'
he observes. THE COW steps in soft
ground and il slides a little. The water
catches in the hole she left and finally
runs down. He pauses in amaze
ment as the picture Of millions Of tracks,
each contributing a rivulet to the general
destruction. dawns on him. Gosh"
saws he. as his lesson in conservation be-
gins 10 take effect.
Within the last four or five years
very careful investigation Of the denuda-
ton and erosion in the southern Appa-
lachian region has been made by party
representing the United States Geological
Survey. and il has indicated the extent
of the problem which must be faced
eventually by the conservationists il the
object Of the Appalachian bill IS TO be
thoroughly accomplis'' a. The results Of
the Journey through the mountains and
valleys OF an area comprising $4,000
square miles Of territory, and including
portions Of West Virginia, Virgini17
North and South Carolina. Georgia, Ala
bama and Tennessee, are of deep interest
as showing that Uncle Sam, with all his
great resources, must take care Of the
little details or they will take control Of
the resources.
The entire southern Appalachian region,
with the exception Of a few high 'balds,"
was originally CO cred with forests.
which. according 10 the explorers, were
.ernarkable for the extraordinary size
and height and variety Of the trees.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

What are you fellows going to do
with all them tools?"
Were going to fix up the banks Of
that little stream back Of your house SO
that 1t won't carry off any more Of your
farm" replies the leader Of the party.
Your cotton and corn fields are going
down into the valleys. and the people
down there don't like 1t. They don't get
any benefit from your good soil, for It
only fills up the beds of the streams, and
then when the floods come. which they
90 oftener than they used 10 do. their
own farms go along with yours, the mill
dams are filled up, the mills left high and
dry and the ferryboat has difficulties"
You'd hardly think that little stream
could do so much as you say" replies the
farmer, taking pinch Of snuff and look
ing up with a doubling expression on his
face. I'VE never used TO hear anything
like that years ago There may be some
thing in it, though" he continues, for
know that those fields cleared up few
years ago ar hardly worth anything
now. The soils almost gone. never
thought before. though. where II went to.
But how're you goin to fix it,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12
Start Work on the Great APPALACHIAN National Forest Reserve

Problems Which Must BE Met Scientifically and Patiently Before
Can Be Reforested and the Streams
Prevented from Carrying Away the Fertile
Soil in Their Annual Floods.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-03-12

or wear 49, roOple Of the Atlantic
II seaboal ua,e struggled for the
J. establishment Of a National For
.s, Reserve Tor the protection OF the
hssdwatsrs Of the navigable streams in
,,s Arralachian system. including those
.i.irg IN The White Mountains and the
-,oprtans IN those Southern states where
the system reaches its greatest altitude.
Three Presidents. Mckinley, Roosevelt
and TAFT supported the proposal. and the
-,--ssertat!ves az every state which
,oyld have any interest in II and civic
.-5 engineering bodies in the East put
their shoulders TO the proposition. The
hare cheeks Of many Of the mountains,
.bsven clean by the lumberman, pathetic
!, their nakeduess and stained with the
,or-eDtial tears which flowed over them.
rlsaded silently but eloquently for relief.
A. last and with an ease and quietness
,rat was as startling as unexpected, re-
ust care-and not a minute too soon.
The Weeks bill, which accomplished
me relief In the last session Of the
Congress just ended, provides for a COM
mission % lie known as the National
Forest Reserve Commission. and to be
made ur Of the Secretaries Of Agricult-
r-e the Interior and Of War. two SEN
ators 70 be named by the President and
Two Rerresentat.v YES to be selected by the
Sneaker Of the House. The activities Of
ne commission are 10 take two direc-
tons. An appropriation permits the
secre,ary Of Agriculture TO cooperate
with any state or group Of states in
rrovid!1c proper fire control. The states
and the federal government are 10 con-
tribute equally TO the funds for main
tanning this protection For the pur-
pose Of conserving the forests on the
watersheds themselves the commission
Is authorized 10 acquire lands on the
hsa6waters Of the navigable streams.
one million dollars is appropriated for
the first fiscal year and two millions OF
dollars may be appropriated for each
ensuing year until 1915.
STATE WILL GET PART.
The lands selected are. after the state
n which they are located has given its
consent. 10 he purchased by the Secre-
tary Of Agriculture out Of the revenue
from any forest created under this act
3 per cent IS % be- turned over TO the
state IN w-.ch the forest IS situated for
public schools and roads.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
CUCUM BERS IN MONTANA,
Best Soil Is a Rich Sandy Loan, Rath
er Moist but Not Wet,

Mrs. F. l.. B., Glendive, Mont, makes
the following inquiry: will you
please give me an idea of how to grow
cucumbers?"
Reply: Cucumbers are generally
started in the field, but if early results
are wanted and If the region is cold
and has a short growing season, it is
sometimes advisable to start them in
frames. If started in frames, the seeds
may be planted on inverted sod, in
pots, boxes, or tin cans. Care should
be taken that it does not get too
warm in the frames, in which case the
plants are likely to be soft and easily
injured by the sun and winds when
set in the field. The plants should
be stocky and hardened off before be-
ing set in the field.
The best soil for c%ucumbers is a
rich sandy loan, rather moist, but not
wet. The soil should be thoroughly
broken up and pulverized, and a good
seed bed prepared before the seeds
are sown. The seed should be sown
as O as the soil becomes warm in
the spring; if sown before this the
seedlings are liable to be injured by
the cold. Cucumbers are usually
planted in hills about AKA, or 4x5 feet
apart, and 1t is we'll to SOW the seeds
quite freely in the hills as many
plants are destroyed by insects and
diseases. 1t Is also a good plan to
work a forkfull of we'll rotted manure
into each hill in addition to the regu.
lar manuring. This will give the
plants a good start. When they have
developed several true leaves, thin
the hills down to three or four Of the
strongest plants.
Every effort should be made to con-
serve the moisture in the soil, as the
cucumber requires a large amount of
water for good results. 1t is a good
plan to get the plants so we'll estab-
lished that they will begin to set
fruit before the dry weather of mid,
summer sets in. Frequent shallow cul
tivations should be given the CROP
until the vines interfere. After this
time they require little care except
to protect the vines from the ravages
of insects and diseases. Most of the
insects are chewing insects and may
be controlled by spraying with arse
nate of lead or Paris green; while for
the diseases Bordeaux mixture has
been found to give good results.-Ly.
man G. Schermerhorn, Montana Agri
cultural College.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
A Successful
Montana Farmer.
Credits Agricultural College
With Much of His Prosperity,

+ + j. 4 + j. + j. !. X j. j. j. i. i. ]. j.
Il am mighty glad that l spent three
years of six months each at the Mon
tana School OF Agriculture. During
those eighteen months l learned more
about farming than could be had from
ten years of experience" So spoke Mr..
Fred B. Taylor of the Bitter Root val
ley, when asked as to the factors that
contributed most to his success as a
farm manager. Mr.. Taylor has had
complete charge of a fruit farm locat-
ed in the western part of the state.
He completed the course in the School
of Agriculture of the Montana Agri-
cultural College two years ago. When
Mr.. Taylor took charge Of the farm a
large number of nonproductive trees
were found in the orchard. The pro-
ducing power of some of the land vas
low. At the present time everything
in connection with the ranch has TAX
en- on a prosperous appearance. The
broken down and diseased trees have
been removed, fences and buildings
repaired, and the poor soil seeded to
legumes. MI. Taylor could not praise
the School of Agriculture too highly
because of what it had done for him.
Everything that he studied while in
the college is being applied to the
farming operations. It will be mighty
interesting to watch the development
OF this particular fruit ranch.-H. F.
Patterson, Montana Agricultural Col
lege.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19

Lovely in face is the Mexican seno.
rita, but she does not retain her love.
illness long. At thirty-tive she is a
wrinkled and %forbidding old crone.
The Mexican girl of fourteen is as old
as the American OF eighteen, and she
grows old faster. This is partly due to
the climate and partly due to the life
she lives. Mexican women of the low
er or middle class pay little attention
to hygienic rules. They eat all sorts
Of 1ndigestible foods, and they are not
particular about bathing. The women
Of the lower class are of Indian or
Of mixed race, partly Indian, partly
Spanish. The mi Of the various
Indian tribes differ much in their hab-
its, speech and point Of view. They
have large soft dark eyes, long and
glossy black hair and deep olive com
plexions. A Mexican is a
good Judge Of character and a devoted
wife and mother. When one of them
marries, even though her husband may
have been a poor man and she herself
a person of means, he at once becomes
master of her funds and If she chooses
may introduce all his relatives into
the household for the wife to support.
Under such an imposition the wife is
expected not only to be agreeable, but
ven if necessary to wait upon the in
truders.
They are very clever with their
hands, and Mexican drawn work Is ia
mous the world over. The women of
the masses adorn their garments with
the drawn work, handsome caps and
headdresses of it being worn by the
women of some sections.
Intense patriotism is another char
acteristic Of Mexican womanhood, and
in the struggle which has been going
on each side has found the sympathy
and assistance Of their women of no
neal assistance.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
CHIC NECKWEAR.
Smart Dressing Calls For Ample Va.
rietv In Collars.

Wa 0GVSoIIlS SdIl9 TUT >WNI0 va.
riety In Collars.
Women are realizing that several
Jokes or chemisettes to accompany
each waist or dress are a necessity,
says the Dry Goods Economist. The
great variety that exists in this
seasons collar forms is surprising.
Squares, pointed and round shapes are
seen in every modification.
The novelties In plauen lace have
been produced in original shapes,
among which the sailors again play an
important part.
Round Dutch collars are brought out
in every suitable material possible, and
marked originality Is shown in trim
ming these. Hand embroidery, motifs,
materials In contrasting color, cluny,
Irish, Armenian, val and venise laces
and embroidery are used with excellent
results.
Fancy lchus and large corday collars
are already meeting with quite an un-
usual degree Of favor considering the
early stage Of the season.
Handsome new effects in black and
white combined are being shown in
high class neckwear. Plain black satin
and black and white striped foulard
are being combined with embroidered
batste, cluny, Irish, val and narrow
black edgings.
The present style in dresses and
waists Is making extensive use Of
Jokes and chemisettes of plain and
fancy nets and all overs of every de-
script1on. This form Of neck finish is
becoming to all types Of women, which
explains its enormous vogue. 1t Is alb
solutely necessary that these lace and
net Jokes be often removed to be
cleaned. as a few days wear soils
them hopelessly.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
Notice OF Bond Sale.

Notice Is hereby given that the trustees of
school district No. 20, In the county Of Chou
team, state of Montana, will sell to the highest
bidder for cash coupon Understanding bonds OF
the denomination Of fifty $4,000 dollars each,
interest thereon at the rate of six per cent. per
annum, to be paid annually, which said bonds
amount in the aggregate sum of four hundred
fifty !346o!0o) dollars, at the school house in said
district on the 26th day of August, A. d. 1911, at
2 O'Clock p. M, in the afternoon Of the said aeth
day. OF August, 1911. Said bonds are not to be
sold for less than their par value and the right is
hereby reserved to reject any or all bids. Said
bonds are redeema6le and payable ten years
from and after the 26th day OF August, A. d.
1911, or on the 26th day Of August, A. D. 1921, at
the once OF the county treasurer Of said county
of Chouteau.
All bids must be sealed and addressed
'Thekla Thomson, clerk of school district
No. "a, Fort Benton, Montsna," and marked
'bids for bonds"
By order Of the board of school trustees.
Dated this 18th day of July. 1911.
ROBERT THOMSON, Chairman.
THEKLA THOMSON, Clerk.
First publication July Is, 1911.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
Notice For Publication,

United States Land Office at Lewistown, Mon.
tana, June ~, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
GEORGE FRIGHT,
OF Hawarden, Montana, who, on April %, 1910,
made homestead entry No. 0lOO59, for WV SEX,
EN- SWA section 4, township 81 north, range IA
east, Montana meridian, has fled notice of inten.
lish claim to the land above described, before
Chas. H. Boyle, U. s. commissioner, at his Office
at Fort Benton, Montana, on the 2lst day Of
July, 1911.
Claimant names as witnesses: Frank Seynost,
Heinrich Engallant, Frank o. Andres, of Haw.
arden, Montana, Joseph E. Jackson. of Fort
Benton, Montana. {. z. MCKOIN, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
Notice Of Hearing,

In the district court of the twelfth judicial dis.
trict of the state of Montana, In and for the
county of Chouteau.
In the matter of the estate of Terence Reilly.
Sr., deceased.
Notice IL hereby given, that the will of Terence
Reilly, ST., deceased, has been produced and filed
herein; that the petition of Terrence Reilly,
of Fort Benton, Montana, for the probate of said
viii has been filed herein that Thursday, the 27th
day of July, A. D. 1911, at 10 O'Clock a. M, be
court as the time for hearing said petition by
the said court or judge, at the court room of said
court, in the court house at Fort Benton, Mon
tanA.
That said notice of said hearing is given by
said clerk by publication of the same in the
River Press, a weekly newspaper printed and
published at Fort Benton, in said county and
state, for at least three different days of publica-
ton consecutively.
Dated July II, A d.. 1911.
CHAS. H. BOYLE,
Clerk of the District Court.
First publication July u, 1911.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
Notice For Publication,

United States Land Office at Lewistown. Non.
tana, juno II, 1911.
Notice IL hereby given that
WILLIAM TUENAR,
OF Hawarden, Montana, who, on March %, 1910,
made homestead entry No. osss5, for VIZ SWA
section q, NEA NEk section 50, NWA NWA
section 81, township % north, range IA east, Mon
tana meridian, has filed notice of intention
to make hnal, Communication proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Chas.
Il. Boyle, U. 8. commissioner, at his Office at
Fort Benton, Montana, on the 2lst day of July,
1911.
Claimant names a. Witnesses: John Erickson,
Magnus Olson. Amity l.. Evers, of Everson,
Montana, George Fright, of Hawarden, Montana.
G. e. MCKOIN, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-07-19
Non Coal Land. Havre Serial No. Ol2882.
NOTICE..

United States Land Office at Havre, Montana,
June "a, 1911.
To whom it may concern: Notice is hereby
given that the state of Montana, acting under the
provisions of an Act of Congress approved Feb.
ruary q, 1881, has made application for the Sc
lection Of the following lands, to-wit:
sWk MEX section 80, township = North th range
IL east.
A copy Of the list of said lands has been con
spicuously posted in this Office for inspection by
any person interested and the public In general.
Under departmental regulations of April IS,
1907, protests or contests againet the claim Of
on the ground that the came is more valuable
for mineral than for agricultural purpose will be
received and noted for report to the general land
against the claim of the state to said land before
final approval will be considered sufficient evi.
dence of it's non-mineral character and the selec.
lions being other wise free from objections will
be recommended for approval.
F. A. CARNAL, Register.