davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24
PRIMITIVE. METHODS OF FARM
ING.

TIL" most primitive method or
farming is still carried on in many
parts Of Mexico. The plowing E done
by the old-time bull tongue, which
is crooked stick with the point COW
cred with an iron shoe, which only
scratches the soil.
Corn is planted by hand, a man fol-
lowing the plow. dropping the seed
and covering it with his foot. 1t is
cultivated with the same pIow, which
gives very poor results in destroying
the weeds. The fodder is gathered
by pulling the leaves or blades from
the stock, which are made into bun
dies and carried from the fields by
pack mules
Rice is planted, after the naive
plow has scratched over the land, by
being thrown broadcast, and covered
by hauling a bunch of brush over the
land. When the rice is about one
foot or Is inches high it is cut down
with grass hooks; not even a scythe
is used for this work This cutting
back is said to make the rice grow
more bunchy and enables the rice
plant to get the best of the weeds,
whereas, if the land had been proper
~ plowed before planting, there
would be no weeds and this cutting
back would not be necessary. Some
eight or ten days before cutting or
harvesting time the water is shut off
from the rice fields to allow the rice
to ripen, when it is cut with the same
grass hooks. It is then piled up for
three days, when it is thrashed by be-
ing hand beaten on. rock. by which
process to 10 per cent. of the grain
remains on the straw. During the
eight or ten days the field is drying
out loss of about 40 per cent Of
grain occurs from various causes.
This style Of farming. without
farm implem ents, could be continued
through the long list of crops that are
raised in that country.-Fice-Cons
r. NJ. Stadden.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24
WORTH THINKING ABOUT.

IF your cows lie on a cement floor
without board covering or deep bed
ding look out for under trouble.
Some folks say that the plow horses
ought to be Cured every day in the
winter and their hair kept short, but
nature does not say So.
If you are willing to pay your boy
the $40 a month you would have to
-ay workman to fill his place, you
will not hear SO much about the
drudgery of life on the farm.
The tree agents are abroad in the
land now. All right if you know the
houses they represent But be care
fu1 to get a guarantee that will hold.
If the wind blows the mulch off
the strawberry bed replace it in a
hurry
Scald thoroughly once a week the
feeding troughs and drinking vessels
for the poultry.
Some college men say horses kept
in a stall in the winter do as we'll as
those that have plenty OF exercise.
Ours never did
All farm animals get hungry for
change of diet about this time of year
Here is where the roots come III
handy.
In localities where there are 20 live
worms or bugs for the hens these
days, they must have as a substitute
some animal food.
Do not try to stimulate the hens
to lay more eggs by feeding pepper
or other hot stuff. It is bad business
Incubators can be set without much
trouble, but it takes a mighty careful
person to hatch the chicks and then
raise them.
The average yield Of potatoes in the
State Of Maine for the ten years 1899
to 1908 was I'll bushels per acre.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24
FOR THE COMFORT OF COWS SSOUNDPRINCl> 2SOFPRUNING
There Several Well Defined Principles in Regard Pruning
Fruit Tees These Should be Adapted Different Varieties

open enough SO that the sunlight can
By cutting each seasons growth back
to within a few buds OF the last sea-
sons growth the tree is made to grow
much stockier than il otherwise
would.
The pruning after the third year
IS Very similar to that given in the
third year. Three or four tWlgs are
selected on each growth. the others
cut out, and the remaining twigs cut
back All cross limbs or limbs that
are too close together, 3r that rub
together should be cut out.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24

Do not allow the water in which
plants and bulbs are grown to be-
come sour or they will suffer. Change
if often and keep q few pieces of
charcoal in it.
Be careful to remove all the flowers
as soon as they begin to fade Leaves
that show any decay should be cut
and burned. They are apt to en-
courage disease and malignant in
Sects.
Of your potted plants dissolve a piece
Of fresh lime in water and set the
pot in the water letting it remain
there until the soil and ball Of roots
are thoroughly saturated.
Order seeds, plants and nursery
stock early and secure the varieties
YOU want, the best stock and exactly
what you ask for.
Remember that nothing s.just hap
pends." Everything has its money or
labor and no beautiful home grounds
can be expected from haphazard
methods of embellishing the home.
While ordering seeds do not forget
to procure nasturtium, poppy, por-
tulaca or SALIVA seeds for the beds ex-
posed to the suns scorch all day.
Look over the canned fruit and
vegetables and work over all that is
not keeping we'll.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24
CULTIVATED CROPS.

Crops such as corn, potatoes, man
giles and root crops that are plant
ed in rows and cultivated during their
growth, are known as cultivated
crops. These crops have always been
regarded as beneficial to soil fertility
but investigation shows that contin-
uous growth of cultivated crops de-
pletes the soil more rapidly than does
the growing Of grain continuously.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24


dairyman gave the sanitary stall 1T
tie consideration and used any method
of housing his cows which best suited
his individual ideas. He troubled lit
tie about the condition of the COW at
milking time 50 long as she gave
plenty of milk. A great many of the
old dairy barns are built SO that it is
Impossible to keep COWS clean in
them
Many systems have been tried for
Fastening cows to secure sanitary
milk. Ties, rigid and swinging stan
chions, stalls, and the open shed sys-
tenn have been resorted to and are
still being used. The method Of fasten-
ing dairy cows which best meets the
demands of the dairy and pure food
law is the stall. But this must be
sanitary to be a success.
There are many and varied styles Of
stalls, several of which are good. It
is best to select such stall as will
give comfort to both the COW and
mixer. The construction should be
such as to permit good light III the
stall It should be built OF such ma
terial and in such a way as Will leave
only q minimum space on which dust
can collect. Solid wooden stall par
titions are very Objectionable because
they obstruct light and collect a large
amount Of dust. There are many
different kinds Of stanchions and
various other ways Of tying cows now
in use Many Of these are compara-
lively free~Irom objections. The neU
builder. lIyWever, should carefully in
vestisate some Of the best types Of
swinging stanchions now on the mar
ket. These are being installed with
much satisfaction in many OF the most
modern barns. In behalf Of t3le
swinging stanchions it can be said
that they give the cow considerable
freedom, and yet are sufficiently rigid
so that practically all the manure is
dropped into the gutter, thus keeping
the cows clean and reducing the labor
Of barn cleaning to the minimum.
Dealers in manufactured stalls and
stanchions report that, judging from
the vast number of inquiries regard
ing them, there has been great
awakening among dairymen all over
the country These inquiries relate
to the best swing stanchion stall. and
which is better, stall or stanchion.
Before purchasing any of the
patented animal fasteners on the mar
ket, the farmer should consider the
sanitary and humanitarian principles
involved in the construction of these
ties. Study them for principle, not
alone for economy. Of course
economy should be considered, but it
should not be placed above the con-
sideration of the welfare of the COW:
she should always receive due con-
sideration. and in turn she will re-
ward her owner
A high-priced patented stall is not
a necessity, and if the farmer will
carefully study the principles involved
4 in the construction of stalls, he NAV
make a stall at home that is the equal
of many Of the patented stalls. and in
many ways more satisfactory Some
of our most prominent dairymen are
structions in stall construction sent
out by various State experiment sta
tions, in preference to many Of the
patented stalls.
In the dairy business success or fail
ure to a large extent depends upon
the kind Of man in charge OF the
business. II a man has no natural in
clination toward the COW, if he is un-
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24

1T is known that heavy pruning Q,
the tops of fruit trees in winter OF
during the dormant period has a ten
cause the trees to grow larger This
is due to the fact that when pruning
is done when the tree is dormant the
plant food which is taken up by the
roots early in the spring is concentrat-
ed into a smaller portion OF the tor
and results in the very rapid srowtl
Of the parts left Weak trees ar.
often forced into vigorous growth b.
heavy top pruning which is done il
the winter or early spring
When vigorous plants are given
heavy winter pruning. water sprout:
more plant food sent up from the
roots than the top area can use, re
sulting in the growt.. Of dorman'
lateral buds.
Heavy pruning Of the top in the
summer or when the tree is in al
to check the wood growth. cause.
fruit buds to form and som etirn e:
results in the growth of water sprouts
The wood growth is checked because
when pruning is done when the
leaves are performing their function
portion Of the area which is making
plant food is removed and the suppl,
of prepared plant food is cnecly "a
thus causing a decrease of growth
over the whole tree.
Heavy root pruning checks tn,
growth Of wood by cutting Off tn,
supply Of moisture and crude plan
food. This results in an increasins
number of fruit buds In sections O
the. country where fruit trees have
a tendency to start bearing Yer,
young and to produce large crops o
fruit, it is often necessary to do sucf
pruning that will cause wood growth
rather than the production Of frui
buds.
In forming the top of the tree sew.
eral distinct systems are practiced
The shape. however. should be large
~ determined by the natural char
acteristics Of the tree. Low-headeG
trees produce the best results in man,
localities. They are able to stand
heavy winds without injury, the fruit
is nearer the ground and makes har.
vesting a crop and all orchard work
much easier, and the trunks are no.
so likely to be injured by sun-scald
If one-year-old trees are set out
the pruning the first year Will consist
in cutting the top back to within
eighteen or twenty four inches Of the
ground. The cut should be made just
above strong bud During the first
season three or four branches should
be permitted to grow: the others
rubbed off soon after the buds ex-
pand.
In the spring of the second year, if
more than three or four branches
should be cut out, making the cut
near the main stem and parallel to
it. The remaining branches should be
cut back to within three or four buds
of the main stem, making the cuA just
above a strong bud.
In the spring of the third year all
but three or four branches are cut
out, including the terminal branch,
and the others are cut back to within
three or four buds Of the stem from
which they grow. the idea being to
produce three or four we'll developed
and we'll situated twigs on each
branch each year, and having the
branches so placed that the tree will
grow into q symmetrical form and be
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24

House plants that are buggy and
shaggy and refuse to improve should
be thrown out They are an eyesore.
Better demolish the window garden
than to mock nature with the victims
Of Ignorance or neglect.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24
In No Division of Farm Work the Direct Effects of Good
Bad Treatment More Quickly Observed Than in the Dairy

willing to give her the best that can
be had in the way of cleanliness, feed
and care. his chances for profit from
her products are quite remote
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24

The ploWing under Of green crops,
like peas. oats clover, alfalfa and
other grasses, is next 10 liberal use
Of barnyard manure.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-01-24

The big powder companies Of the
country are advocating the Use Of dy-
Mantle for the purpose Of breaking
up hard clay soils.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02

One day when Mrs ttrI, was max
ting nei1hborly call on Mrs. Ellis
the latter IN the ur,.S,'ii t. o; her
caller. di>,liar"ed h,'l rourrd maid
whose "i'~trrirru,lSnrSs could Ne
borne with no .ouG,'r
a few weeks later Mrs Ben again
called On slr>. Ellis. a,h To Ter sur
prise TIER ii)SirSS ini,mt,.d nri that
Clara was in,k.
The Sprvh rs of HE maid We're rr
CURED 10y her mistress. wnn l'r">srd
the button ~ the drawing room
There was. however M rr>inu-r
Finally Mrs Ellis went out a;n
waited on herself. Nh.h. she wa>
gone Clara. who WIS II u'!ainiru with
AIRS. Bell. having served M her tam
lily also. put Ter head III at the dnDt
and explained
Mis- Bell. | heard Mis- Ellis all lhr
time. hut do you re'',,lr the las ,l...r
you was here she dis .lnrvpd me an
said she'd never nave mo again.
said Id never come back too. Rui
here | am. 50 we t",fr ned rhai :
why is ashamed to come in was
asha mPd for bote Ut us. New York
Times
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
A Cruel AIlusion.

Representative Sherley Of Kentucky.
apropos Of his pure food and drugs bill.
told in Washington story about a
milk adulteratOr
This chap Is a millionaire" ne said.
HE has made his millions out of the
milk trade Last summer he decided
to give a bal masque at his magnificent
country house
"Discussing the bal masque with an
aristocratc old lady-sbe was the guest
of honor of II large house party-th"
millionaire said
81 don't know whether to go myself
to the ball as Louis XIV or Shakes,
peare What do you adviser"
"The aristocratic old lady put her
tortoise shell lorgnette on her high
bridged and aristocratic nose, she look
cd the millionaire milkman slowly M
and down. and she replied:
"'lf We're you. Id Just put on Il pair
OF pumps and 20 as a waterfall. -
Buffalo Express
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Chilli Con Carne.

From remoteSt Mexico comes this
recipe for chilli con carnp. which is
capable of warming whatever cookies
the heart may have ana nf ditTnsng
calOries to ones works ut large: First
comes Il fire of logs in the open. Second
comes an OLA of generous proportions.
Into the ola put Il gallon OF water i.lI
plenty of the hot chiliS. and in that
region of Mexico they ripen so hot that
not even the rattlesuake will dare take
refuge In their shade. Upon this be
ginning lay as much of II side Of beef
In one piece as may be squeezed into
the pot. Set the cover on this ola and
lutte 1t down with clay. Then put the
pot into the fire and heap the glowing
Goals all over it. with particular atten-
ton to the lid. so that the luting may
bake into brick Keep the fire burning
slowly all day long. When night has
come scatter the embers. break the
brick seal of the OLA. fork ont and
throw away whatever OF the meat re-
mains solid The remainder is the chill
con carue No sauce is needed
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
A Christmas Check.

Al Ryan. the hoSritablr flint glass
worker of I.orkpor,. y y. and form
crly organizer Of the Socialist Local ut
that pace. was being congratulated by
the boys ut the glass factory.
Yes. said Al my uncle ont in
'riflin is mighty good - lle. The. day
before Christmas he sent me Il check
for Slnn. just as II little Christmas
gift"
After the usual cDn"!H'U!liurN com
nentS had been duly made al around.
Al added:
Yes. he certainly is Il TN" old fel
low. In the postscript of his letfe'
containing the check. he SAID:
dear Al. II you manage tn get this
check caSlied. please send me 81
i,ecd !; pair of shoes The Coming
Nation
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
MAN AND MULE.


The MI /" g gentle beast.
md SO Is man
He SATISFIED to be the least.
I'D so is man
Lie il@n. lie may be taught some tricks
He does his work from eight to six
And so does man.
The mule he has load to pull
And SO has man.
He's happiest when he Is full.
And so is man
Like man. he holds patient poise
And when his works done will rejoice
The mule he likes to hear his voice.
And so does man.
The mule he has his faults. it's true,
And so has man.
He does some things he should not do.
And so does man.
Like man. he doesn't yearn for style.
But wants contentment all the while
The mule he has lovely smile.
And so has man.
The mule is sometimes kind and good.
And so Is man.
He eats all kinds Of breakfast food.
And so does man.
Like man. he balks a t gaudy dress
And all outlandish foolishness.
The mules accused Of muishness,
And so Is man
Cynthia Scott in Missouri Ruralist,
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Conqenial.

Really modern couples are just as
apt to be truly mated as the old fash
toned sort whom we read about in
the romances. A young Clevelander
who is often described as man about
town" became engaged not long ago.
and he spoke as follows to the lady
who had honored him:
Il don't want to have anything that
l must hide after we are married. dear.
So may as we'll tell you that ! play
poker. smoke cigarettes. drink. !
stay out late and bet on the races.
I'm glad to hear you say So" said
the up to date girl. brightly. II was
so afraid that you and I wouldn't be
perfect companions"- Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
He CHANGED HIS MIND.
Il Made pfierenca Whose Head Was
on His Shoulder.

on Ills shoulder.
i.fer he had roughly shaken off the
head of the third beated passenger
who had sought relOSp on his shoulder
the stout man proclaimed in Il voice
loud enough 10 be heard by everybody
in The car that the next time anybody
went To sleep with his head pillOwed
on his shoulder he would give that
head a good punching. that's what he
would do.
The stout mans wife said. "Sh-sh-sh.
James. Don't get so violent
"ViOlent!" said the stout man. 1--we
right to be violent I'm no pillow;
I'm no feather bed. If anybody thinks
l am. just let him come on and I'll
show him."
At the next station two women came
Presently the younger and prettier of
the two began to nod. Lower and
lower dropped her head. and soon it
found substantial resting place. The
stout man sat still; SO very still did
he sit that his wife wondered what
and looked past his bulky frame to
find out. Her face flushed.
why. James" she said Indignantly.
Don't you remember what you said IA
little while ago about punching heads?
There's head on your shoulder now"
lis there:'' said the stout man
meekly. Il hadn't noticed it,
1t was apparent then that if there
was any head punching to be done
somebody besides James would have
to do it. also II was apparent that
somebody was perfectly willing to
undertake the job.
James," said the stout mans wife
significantly.
He wriggled uneasily until the head
was gently dislodged: then the stout
man and his wife changed places
New York Times.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Followed Advice.

The beauty editor of the HOlton Sig
nal was asked by a girl who WASH t
of much account around the house
what she should do to make her hands
white The beauty editor answered
with wasted sarcasm that the best
thing the young woman could do would
be to soak her hands in dishwater
three times Il day. 1t never touched
her She went home and gravely
asked her mother to save the dish
water after she got through Kansas
City Star.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Cilbertian,

This anecdote was famous In the
7O's. AS it concerns w. s. Gilbert.
lately deceased. it is reprinted on
chance
The first performance Of "Pinafore"
in London enlisted an actor named
Standing, to whom the librettist took a
violent dislike The show was ire
mendous hit through its burlesque of
British politics and old time Italian
opera, and Il friend of Gilbert's. CON
graduating him. predicted that it
would run a year or two
TO which Gilbert added;
Notwithstanding "--Chicago Post.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02

lying at the mouth of the cave, ap-
parently saw and heard him. for. com
ing back. it precipitated him into the
river with violent blow of its tail
While the man was struggling In the
water the crocodile divcd, and Pira
suddenly felt it rising beneath him.
This movement brought him upon its
back. Finding his hands were near
the crocodile's head and nerved by
desperation. he felt for its nostrils
and hung on to them as hard as he
could. Meanwhile he made his ''seat"
as secure as his remaining strength
permitted by twining his legs under
the monsters stomach.
Rode II Like a Horse.
And now comes the most exciting
part of the adventure-the story of the
unfortunate mans ride. Pira found
that if each time the crocodile at
tempted to dive he pulled upon its
nostrils hard enough II promptly came
to the surface.
As soon as the sun rose Pira espied
two men near the river bank and
shouted to attract their attention.
The crocodile started at Il briSker
Iace to go downstream. Eventually
It arrived at watering place, where
four men were waiting with long
rope. BY pulling the crocodlle's snout
in their direction Pira managed to
yet close enough to catch the end OF
the rope when 1t was thrown to him.
Those on the bank pulled him in as
fast as they could, and after month
in the hospital he was up and around.
apparently as we'll as ever. The croc-
odile hns not been seen in that part
| Of the river since
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Delaying.

IF it isn't score until the base run
ner has come around to the home plate,
why don't they all come round?' asked
the yirl who was getting an insight
into the game.
"YCu know how 1t Is with men, her
est ort answered. "a man never goes
home while there Is any place else to
80 - Buffalo Express.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
His Treat.

Glow" she murlnured in passionate
tones. leaning across the table. NOW
can you treat me sO!'
A shndow crossed his brow. Then he
said frankly. well. | got $50 on my
watch today"
Her face was wreathed in dimples.
Lets have some more lobster" she
gurgled. Toledo Blade.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
CHICAGO MERC.,.,d. ut
MAKES STATEMENT.

After Spending Thousands C Jc-.r
and Consulting the Host E.a.-....o:..
Physicians, He Was Desperate.
CHICAGO. ILLs.-Mr. j. G.. -
Becker, of lea Van Buren, STA
whols;ssasttedary goods
dealer, States as follows:
81 have had catarrh for more
than thirty years. Have tried
everything on earth and spent
thousands of dollars for other
medicines and with physicians,
without getting any lasting re.
lief, and can say to you that !
have found Peruna the only rem.
edy that has cured me per-
manentIy.
''Peruna has also cured my
wife Of catarrh. She always keeps
it in the house for an attack Of
cold. which it invariably cures in
q very short time.'
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1911-11-02
Eavorite Fiction.

"N'arranted to Keep In Any eli
mate"
"PassengerS Will Please Keep Theii
Feet Off the Seats
ia Tip You. Waiter. if Had Any
thing Less Than n Twenty Dollar
Bill"
Trips to the Holy Land
"The Band Then Played America
Lamb Chops Chicago Tribune.