davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14

Brains in the milk pail insure quail
ity and cleanliness.
Glover and corn furnish a fodder
ration that cannot easily be improved
upon for dairy cows.
Nothing better than camphorated oil
for caked udder or Inflammation. For
sores or scratches use vaseline.
Be good to the cows. These most
useful animals are a safe investment.
They do not go off into fence corner
and die of cholera
Successful dairying is largely mat
ter of securing cheap feed as well as
good cows. The silo is one method
of economizing on feed.
Rubbing a cows teats with tallow
will keep her from milking herself,
says an old farmer who has tried 1t.
Wipe off grease before milking.
John hates the sight of a small
topped milk pail" said farmers wife.
True, these pals are not handy.
but the milk can be kept cleaner in this
way.
Silage is not only good feed In It
self. but has the additional value OF
enabling the COW to get more food
value out of the other components OF
the ration.
When a COW that is not In the habit
Of kicking puts her foot in the pail
you may be sure there's a reason. Try
to find out what Is the trouble. Her
udder may be sore.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14
Be Patient With Helfsr.

Be patient and gentle with the heif-
er when she comes in. If she Is OF
your own raising and you have always
treated her kindly she will not be
afraid of you. And when you sit
down with the calf by you and the
heifer's nose in her feed you ought to
have no trouble in milking. Having
the calf near the first few days and
talking to the young COW increases her
confidence.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14
COW STALL is COMFORTABLE
Stanchion Is Not Suitable for Animal,
as She Must Stand in One Place
and Is Not Free.

There are many kinds Of stall fix
lures The stanchions, cribs and racks
and the empty stall with no places
for hay but to throw 1t in front of
the COW, and what she does not clean
up at once is trampled on.
The stanchion is not very good for
the COW. She must stand there in one
place and is not free as In a stall.
In a properly built stall, when the
COW feeds, the hind feet are on the
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14
A Good CoW-Stall.

plank floor, and when she lies down
she will get up into the stall with her
head under the rack.
With the old style cribs 1t is re-
versed. When she feeds she must get
up, her head into the crib, and when
lying down get back into the dirt, and
II not kept well bedded she will be
dirty clear to the ears.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14
Some Cows Notional.

Some COWS are like some people,
notional, have to be humored to get
them to do their best. We have had
COWS that would eat anything gwen
TO them, says a writer in an exchange.
Others will not eat certain feeds UNI
iess starr ed TO it. 1t surely pays to
consider the special requirements and
whims of each COW in the herd.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1911-09-14

Important Part Played by Cows Ra-
tions on Quality Of Butter Secured
Care in Making.

The quality of the butter depends to
a great degree upon the food and drink
of a COW. She should have clean.
pure water and wholesome food. Much
care should be taken in the selection
of the ration. The individual cow has
much to do In this regard. But with
respect to the part that Is played in
handling the product of the COW too
much carelessness is evident In the
processes of buttermaking. After churn-
ing is finished the butter and milk mix
ture should remain quiet for about ten
minutes In order to let the butter come
to the surface. A cup Of cold water
will hasten the process. An old recipe
says: THE butter should be carefully
skinned OF into a wooden bowl half
full OF water. The water should be re-
pestedly changed until 1t shows no
indication of r1ilkiness. It is impor-
tant that the butter should not be
pressed or worked during the process
of removing the milk from the butter.
After this the butter may be pressed
into a mass and salt to the extent OF
onefortieth it's weight worked into It.
The water should be well pressed out.
but the less worked the moro per
fectly It's granular character Is main
tanned.
II butter Is pressed firmly to the
earthen jars or wooden firkins and
kept at temperature of so or 60 de-
grees 1t may be preserved in fair con-
dition for six to eight months.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
tn. Food That Plant. Want.

.
There are ten essential elements OF
plant food. Five Of these are pro
vided by nature in abundance-viz,
carbon and oxygen. secured by the
growing plant directly from the air.
hydrogen from water absorbed by the
earth. iron and sulphur supplied by
the soil
The remaining five elements are
nitrogen. phosphorus. potassium. mag
nesium and calcium. The supply and
liberation Of these Eve constitute the
foundation Ut permanent agriculture
on all cultivatable soils tn.hnua6 Sec
tions. Nitrogen exists in the air in
absolutely inexhaustibie amount. and
for general farming can be secured
from the air most economically by the
growing Of legume crops.
II these crops are plowed under.
nitrogen u thus increased and addt.
tional organic matter supplied. which
~ It decays In the soil. helps to fiber.
ate or make available the other four
important elements. is e ].
Proficiency.
+ He wassa cornet solpist tnl6eed. but
BY no means wihess. E 80
Musical proficiency" said be, ''is q
matter of live and take. s.s5. e
..Eh3 Give and take what7''
':Pains, J. hs said. illustrating his no
tion By running a. 1ew scales.-Puck.@
Rnawand of Ar.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
F. arm ana
:. Garden
STORED CORN sHRINKAGE.
A ~ Day Test Shows Loss Of 1870
Pounds In 500 Bushels.

A 147 Day Test Shows Loss Of 1870
Pounds In 500 Bushels.
To those engaged In the handling Of
grain the natural shrinkage Of shelled
corn while in storage and in transit
70 a matter Of prime importance and
often source of dispute because Of
shortage reported at time Of receipt
at warehouse and q further loss at
date of final sale.
In order to determine the amount Of
shrinkage or loss Of weight occurring
In shelled corn containing various per-
centages Of moisture while in storage
In elevators or during transit in cars
the department Of agriculture, in CO.
operation with the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad company and the Baltimore
chamber Of commerce, has conducted
an experiment with 900 bushels Of
sheIled corn, the test beginning Jan.
8, 1910. and lasting 147 days.
The corn used was taken from regu.
lar car receipts and was left in the
wooden hopper Of a 10000 pound scale
at Elevator B Of the Baltimore and
Ohio system at Locust Point, Balh.
more. At the time Of storage the
moisture content was 1873 per cent and
at close of the test 14.7 per cent, or
loss Of 4.1 per cent. The weight per
bushel had decreased from 54.7 pounds
to so pounds, and the total loss Of
WEIGHT was 1910 mounds. or sliphtlv
more than per cent.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
arm a,,a
Garden
DRAIN GRADE MUST Be L EVEN.

Slightest inequality Causes elIt %.
posits and Clogs tbs Current.
A matter Of prime importance in
laying tile for drainage Of wet land IL
that Of getting an even grade or fall
to the ditch. says Professor NJ. b. sher.
win in the Progressive Farmer and
Gazette.
II the tile Ia the bottom forms q
waving line or change from q given
grade to grade less steep. there may
always be expected an accumulation
Of silt due to the less rapid dow Of
water within the tile which win drain.
silt basins may be- put in to admit Of
cleaning out this material at intervals,
but Just az far 40 possible the deposit
Of It should be prevented BY getting
an even grade 30 that there u no tend
ency for accumulation.
This even grade may be obtained b.
the use Of very simple piece Of ap-
paratus, one which any farmer can
easily make and use
Take a piece Of l by 9 inch pine
board, A, sixteen feet long. Fasten
securely to the ends Of this two pieces,
B B. each nine feet long, and have
them meet above the middle Of the
piece A. The joint at O may be made
by tapping the ends. or the ends may
be cut slanting 30 that they ht up
against each other. being held BY
small strip nailed across on either side
A fourth strip. D, should be fastened
as indicated to B B. two inches above
board A. A plumb bob will now be
hung from hook at the joint O by a
piece of fine iron or copper wire 80
that 1t will hang within SIX inches Of
the ground.
Now get the piece A level (thls is
importantly and mark the place on D
where the wire hangs. Block one end
of A up from the floor one-half inch
by putting under 1t piece of wood Of
this thickness and mark again on d
where the wire hangs. 1t viii not
hang where it did before. but nearer
the lower end. Take the block. out
and place under the other end, again
marking on D where 1t hangs. Repeat
this operation with block one and
one-half inches thick and with blocka
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07

Fof Sale ~ 4. 4. Case threshisg saao.s
hine and steam left plows snl au-f
tomobiles for sale ~ Gslla.|
han, Washburn. N. D, 3E
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
AUTO VALUABLE As PL0W.
Nsrth Texan Farmer Finds That Il
Also Speedily Pays For ltsslf.

North Texan Farmer Finds That Il
Also speedily Pays For ltsslf.
/ can tell you seven reasons In sew
en- seconds why the automobile is an
absolute necessity TO the farmer, says
a contributor from North Texas In the
Farm and Ranch. Here they are all
neatly jotted down for your perusal:
First.-My automobile put mo on tho
scene at critical times when an hour
meant profit or loss. jn}.t
second.-My automobils 70 atEreat factor
in establishing good will and cooperation
between my renters and me.
opment on my farm OF . social center.
from which 1t has resulted that ! have
secured my pick Of farm renters for my
land. It has enabled mo to 60 in for SCI
entiflc agriculture, long sighted methods
and prizes which viii mean q stu higher
reputation for my acreage.
Tourth.-Day and night errands and the
delivery Of products on schedule time have
resulted from the possession OF machine.
Eifth.-My family. my renters and I now
enjoy the advantages OF both city ana
country life. with very tsw Disadvantages
Of either.
eixth.-My automobile has brought about
great Improvement in our roads, which u
an asset to our whole community.
esventh.-It enables W to care for our
sick and wounded safely and promptly
with surgeons and physicians when the
emergency demands.
Before I bought my automobile no.
body loved a horse better than l did.
Since without prejudice had been
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07

80
college.l
kicked and bitten BY favorite horses.
had gone through runaways and dis
cussed situations with balky animals
was quite sure that nothing could
break my. attachment for a good drtv-
ing horse.
When it came to the automobile !
did not have much faith in my expert
ment. had made up my mind that 1t
was liable to break down at any time:
that all my netghbors would be set
against ME because their horses would
be afraid of the machines; that alto
gether the outcome could scarcely be
pleasant.
Here's my experience.
The automobile never complains nor
fails to respond. except when abused
by reckless driving over rough places.
while 1t delights in going at high
speed where the roads are good.
Many farmers suppose that the au-
tomobile is for the wealthy man. when
it is really the friend of the poor man
much cheaper than horses and good
vehicles II managed with the same
care. believe that 1t is a valuable
investment. Just as is the plow or
mower. '
Let me illustrate how auto owning
works. One day was In Sherman
when a phone message came that
something had gone wrong with the
cattle and no one knew what to do 1t
was up to me to be on the ground I'M
medately. With a horse this would
have required at least an hour. and
probably would have had to hire a
rig in the city and pay IS for it. In,
stead Of that answered Coming"
clapped the receiver up. ran out, crank
ed the machine. Jumped in and well
within half an hour was working with
the cattle. x8
That one instance was worth q
great many dollars. and could cite
twenty ike It Of quick trips about
the farm. That is one reason why !
Gay that In, three months last winter
my machine earned enough TO pay for
itself in why's not expected by me
when l bought It. 80 Z
The average landlord sets down hta
renters In their little shacks on this
and that hilltop. sees them once q
month and allows a spirit of misun.
Outstanding. envy. distrust and ig.
norant farming to take" his farm
Although, use the greatest care in
choosing my renters. this would have
been my fate but for my automobile.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
The Hum Of the Hive.

Give your bees plenty Of good food
for winter.
Leave no honey or loose comb open
around the apiary under any circum
stances.
The bee when out foraging never
acts on the onrensive-always on the.
defensive.
Beeswax is always in good demand.
ana the wise beekeepers save every
scrap Of It.
Two drones cost as much to raise az
three workers, and after they are rails.
"a they keep on eating, while the work
ess labor for you. s
Never extract honey before at least
twothirds Of the comb IL sealed or
tapped over; otherwise the honey 10
Aot ripe enough and viii ferment a.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07

foef e sale J. Cheap Runley Idea 1ep-
orator 35 By 56 inch ;cyli laer.
$25 villput it il good runuipg sor-.
der. Used two seasons. Enqnire
Of ]. Niese, ash burn, N. 10 &
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
HEALTH ON THE FARM.

Fsur Generations Of One Family Work
Together In Field.
That health and long life are found
on the farm has long been known.
Life In the open air. with sound sleep
and wholesome food. means health, and
q busy body means q contented mind
and little wear and tear on nerves.
The accompanying picture shows
four generations Of one family at work
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
WAY TO GET RICH QUICK.

A farmer bought . sow and
eight pigs over . year ago for
so. He wintered her mainly on
alfalfa, and last spring she pro.
duced eleven pigs. He sold the
pigs, two litters, whom fat for
S414.40, which wasn't oil profit.
Of course. The sow after q sum.
msr on alfalfa and blue grass has
twelve pigs now. Next!
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
CHEAP BUT INVALUABLE GATE

CHEAP BUT INvALuARLE GATE
the ground and sawed In such man
ner as to leave back for the gate to
shut against. as illustrated. The short
2 by 4 is held in place by strap iron
clips and holds the gate rigid, In do
ing chores. when passing through It,
the 2 by is slipped back on the lar
ger gate and the hook used to keep
the gate closed.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07

For Rent-A few good warm houses
Enquire Frank E. Funk, Let Natl
Bank. ss,
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
l.. Children Make Money.
'j..3..3..;.s-s.s''$'

Let Children Make Money.
Why not give the boys-yes. and the
girls, too-a little spending money
patch? Let them have all they raise
on 1t and you help them to dispose
Of their crop. This kind of treatment
goes q long way toward content and
happiness.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
For .! Sale about 200 pounds Of
native grown bronze grass. g A
Huntley. ID

Eor Sale- Tornado and Are ipsur-
anoe is very cheap. For some
thing reliable see Frank 81 Fink,
First Nat. Bank, Washburn, I'M D.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
PLUMB FOR LEVEL pRAm.

two, two and one-half and three inches
thick. Be sure to measure the thick
ness Of each block.
When the plumb bob hangs across
the 6rst mark made on D we have
the board exactly level. When the
bob swings one. two or three spaces
either way we have grade Of onc.haIf
inch. one inch or one and one-half
inches respectively in sixteen feet. BY
placing this in the bottom Of the ditch
we can tell how much the grade ts at
any place. and by moving It we caD
tell whether or not our grade is uni.
form all the way. II not uniform We
can make |, 40 by scraping OF the
higher places
It is necessary that the bottom oi
the board a be straight end. The
scale is marked on the board D 81
that 1t will not he liable to become
covered with dirt as II placed on the
board A.
A plumb bob gives a greater accn +
racy than, a carpenters level or other
level placed on one Of the boards and
is also adapted for more varied use.
This piece of apparatus is as accurate.
when carefully made. as any survey
or's level and can be used 10 advan
tage either with or without survey
or's level for getting the desired grade
in drain. Its special use is for d"
termining when the grade IL uniform ]
1t costs little and ia easily made. M.
one can fail TO understand its use.
Let. Wife Have Own Money.
! It 10 a depiorable fact thar many q
wife has to beg her husband for mon;
ey after she has heiped To make II:
To have to ask for money. even when
1t Is given willingly. is a disagreeahis
thing. Did you ever hear the. story q
the committee OF women who pledged
themselves to contribute 81 each tosa
worthy cause: The dollar wnsftD ~.
earned BY hard work. The night ~
i the collection some funny stories wrfs.
told about how the money had Deelt
earned. "How did you earn your dol.
iar?'.. the chairman asked a hnndsonle
woman. "l got 1t from my huaband..s Z {,
was the reply. There was no hard
work about that" some one. .said. The
woman smiled and answered. '.Y0ll
don't know my husband" !" ,.s... ~.
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
ALWAYS USE PIECE GATE.

Little More Trouble to Make, but tie
Handy and It Lasts.
Mr.. G. A. Thomas in the Homestead
gives an idea for an up to date two
piece gate that should be carefully
studied by every enterprising farmer.
It is made wide enough to allow
hay rack to pass through. The small
section Of the gate makes the handling
easier when a person wishes to pass
through. besides lessening the strain
that would come on the gate were 1t
made In one section.
The larger section of the gate shuts
against short post, which is set in
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07
3 i.
s.ESIRAYED'

Shzyed April 10th, bay lrs
weight q 900 4 q earsEold, !, 20 ins
iforehead and one white hind eR,y
i s, taken Up please Motif +.
Kjnfness, Basto N. .. NJ s55s
The Washburn leader., 1911-07-07


Country School spoiIs Good Farmers.
Vocational training is enlisting as
never before the interest and effort of
business men and educators in several
western states. For two years GER
tain bankers in Minnesota have pro-
NOTED 1t very actively. their CONNER
ciai interest In farm properties and
people leading them to do so. They
have found that of 435. 900 school chill
dren. educated at cost of 14.O00, 600
annually. fewer than 1900 attend agri-
cultural schools. In a state which has
only One-third of the tillable land
within its $4,000 square miles under
cultivation over 10 per cent Of the
children are being trained to be con-
sumers and only four-tenths Of I per
cent to be producers. The present
school system. even in the country,
was thus found to be educating chill
dren away from the farms. spelling
good farmers and not making good
city men,
The bankers offered prizes for the
best, answer to the question. Why am
l. going to leave the farm? The boy
who won first prize laid stress on the
fact that most of the 'schoolmarms'
are town girls or girls from town
schools aud don't like country life.
Their attitude helps to sow dissatis'
faction among the pupils" Survey.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
Manurlnq With Mud.

In China and Japan, according to
Professor F. H. King, ae much labor
and time are spent in special fertiliza-
ton of the soil as in seeding and har-
vesting the crops. In addition to
barnyard and household manure, great
quantities Of bean, rape seed, cotton
seen and peanut oil cake are used as
fertilizers, and an enormous tonnage
Of canal, reservoir and river mud is
also applied. Single dressings of mud
sometimes amount to from 20 to 100
tons per acre. The practice of irri-
cation is very extensive, and all ir-
rigated areas are placed under condi
tons which practically eliminate sur
face erosion. Both canal and reser-
voir mud are fermented in organic
matter to be used as fertilizers. The
Mongolians practice systematically
the culture of legumes as a source of
nitrogen. The dense population and
increasingly smaller holdings both
necessitate and render possible the
bestowal Of extreme personal care
upon the crops.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
Queen Alexandra HapuN.

Queen Alexandra is delighted to
think that she will again have the roy
al children under her care while the
king and queen are in India at the end
of the year. Christmas will be passed
at Sandrinsaan, and aim immedi
ately afterward her majesty will bring
her grandchildren to Marlborough
house in order that they may visit
the pantomimes and other entertain
ments Though somewhat indulgent,
Queen Alexandra maintains discipline
among her grandchildren. and even
the prince of Wales will find that he
has to submit to her ruling. 1t had
been suggested that the prince OF
Wales and Prince Albert should have
a small household of their own at
York cottage in the absence of their
parents. but his majesty has decided
that they are too young for this, so
that the two princes will stay at Sand
bingham with their sister and Younger
brothers.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
A HeartIess Father.

81 need some help with my house
hold duties" announced Maiden wo-
man when her husband came home
the other night Whats the matter
with our daughter" the husband
wanted to know Our daughter? The
idea, Why, Jim, you know she's aW-
fully delicate. and she would die II
she had to do any household work.
She has her school, and And
what Her teachers report shows
that she isn't doing bit of school
work" But she is star member of
her basketball team, and you know
she is eager to take the prize at the
gymnasium contest. But that's just
like man-wanting a delicate girl to
engage in rough, hard labor. Be
ashamed Of yourself. Jim jenkins!
You have no feeling. Boston Trav.
eler
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
The Exemplary Pharnaacogncsist.

Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, who is by ali
odds the best-beloved expert in the
governments employ, was talking at
luncheon at the New Willard in
Washington about the duties Of a
pharmacognosist.
"A pharmacognosist's duties" he
said, ARE just as. difficult as the name
would lead you to expect. There are
few pharmacognosists of DR.. H. H
Rushby's ability, because there are
few men willing to toll and toll for
years for sciences sake"
smile spread over DR.. Wiley's
smooth-shaven, intelligent and humor
Gus face, and he founded off his re
marks with this epigram
Few indeed are willing to climb
the difficult tree of knowledge. They
all want to reach up, break off few
fruity branches, and carry them
home"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
Thoucht Fast Benefited Him.

Professor Mayor. of Cambridge uni
versity, who died a short time ago at
the age of Sc, decided to fast on a
progressive scale for the last 4S days,
while completing his last work, an edi-
ton of Juvenal. For the fl st week he
was to eat every other day, for the
next every fourth day, and for the
last fortnight nothing at ALL He car
ried out his program till the beginning
of the last week, when the doctors
compelled him to take food. After it
was all over he said: II never in all
my life felt so we'll or so eager for
work, and | am convinced that shou,d
with it.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-12-07
From Inc Egg.
how ought this essay on Easter
customs be started?" cab ovo."
Ocean. Phenomenon.

In a recent pilot chart of the Brit.
fish meteorological Office many obser,
vations of the singular phenomenon
called white water" are collected
1t is more frequently seen in the trop-
ical parts of the Indian ocean than
anywhere else. and it impresses some
observers as weird, CHASTITY and awe,
inspiring. The ocean has a milky
look and the ship seems to be passing
through a kind of luminous fog. in
wh:ch sea and sky appear joined and
the sense of distance is lost The
phenomenon is believed to be due to
some form of phosphorescence. but a
satisfactory explanation Of it is yet
lacking