davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
German Military stratesist Who Plan
ned Victorious Campaign Against
France In 1870 SO Expresses
Himself.
PEACE AND WAR TALK
Believe That Germany Will Eventual
ly Breaks the Bonds That Fetter
Her and Roach Out for More
Territory.
IBy Kari H. Won Wiegand. Berlin
correspondent of the United

correspondent of the United
Press.
BERLIN, Oct 14.-"Eternal peace
among the nations, is dream. 1t is
not even a pleasant dream"
Thus spoke Field Marshal Count
Won Moltke, the great German mill
tary strategist who planned the VIC
torious campaign against France in
1870.
We may not agree with the great
German soldier, certainly not with
his assertion that world peace would
not even be a pleasant dream, but the
fact remains that with Andrew Car
negie's millions supposedly at work
building permanent abiding ''roost''
for the Dove OF Peace; worlds
peace congresses in session; the dis
armament of the great continental
armies and navies by international
peace propagandists in drawing rooms
and legislative halls, and arbitration
treaties signed. there has not been
a time In many years in which there
was so much war talk and war
alarms" in Europe, as in the last few
weeks. England drew its vast armada
around the tight little is1e;" France
reviewed its warships at Toulon and
Minister of Marine Delcasse's pride
getting the better of his discretion,
said I'VE are ready Germany parad-
ed it's new navy, 143 strong, at Kiel
the following day, and the kaiser's ST.
Hence was regarded as more signifi-
cant and ominous that the French
minister's words. Belgium and little
Holland, the home Of the great peace
tribunal, caught the fevor and fearing
that they would be trampled under
should the conflict break loose, formed
an alliance to help each other protect
their boundaries, as precautionary
measure, strongly reinforced strategic
points. The annual army maneuvers
of England, France and Germany were
lifted out OF their routine and in the
eyes of the world were regarded with
peculiar significance.
The same week that French gener.
ais were putting their armies through
battles that on paper at least, con.
templated the invasion of Germany
German armies, including 256 field
guns, forty-two heavy guns, under
the personal direction Of Emperor Will
liam, were stretched over the plains
of Pommern.
Armies and navies were compared
and the great financial centers of Lon
don, Paris and Berlin, were shaker
to their foundation. The loss of thi
war fever" is estimated to run int,
the hundreds OF millions of dollars
Through it all no one tried to sprinkl
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
diplomats this summer.


Germany does not want war. Meth
er does France. Each knows that
victory would not pay the bill" War
is not popular in Germany and will
not be unless German pride and ma.
tional honor is hurt.
With England's insistence that her
ally, France, must not let Germany
establish herself in Morocco, intense
bitterness has been engendered
against Great Britain. There is little
feeling against France and one of the
semi-official organs significantly
stated that as soon as Germany and
France reach an agreement, Germany
has crow to pick with England"
Through it all the kaiser, often
called the war lord is said to have
used his influence toward peace. De.
spite his vast army and the pleasure
he takes in it, those who talk to him
say that he is convinced that Ger
mans greatness lies in commercial
and industrial conquests and not In
agricultural pursuits. Today Ger
many's millions are employed in fac
tories and engaged in commerce.
Declaration OF war and the calling of
about 6,000,000 men to arms. would
mean almost instant Industrial par
alysis.
With Germany virtually surround
ed, England guarding the sea, France
on the east and Russia on the north,
all three inimical to the interests of
the Fatherland, the German empire
has shown once more that it can
shake all Europe and there are states
men who say that sooner or later, I'M
PEELED by her internal development.
and expansions and the growth OF No
population, she will sooner or later
break the bonds that fetter her.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
TOO MANY LAWS
AGAINST BUSINESS
Governor Dix Of New York says
That's all the Matter just
Now.
IGate city Leased wire Service, !

[Gate City Leased Wire Service.l
CHICAGO, Oct. 1.-THE only all.
ment with which the United States
is now afflicted is plethora OF laws
aimed at the conduct Of business. ac-
cording to the views aired tonight at
the banquet of the Bankers Club of
Chicago by Gov. Dix of New York.
What with new interpretations of
legislative laws, additions without
number to the statute books and at
tempts to regulate and supervise ev-
cry effort of human endeayor,' he
declared, business enterprise is dis
couraged and checked, the field Of
employment diminished, the rewards
of labor decreased, and the financial
and industrial future rendered unsta.
BILE and insecure.
Gigantic businesses that can be es.
tablished by cooperation are as
necessary in these modern times as
long distance telephones, four day
steamships between New York and
Europe. and eighteen hour trains be-
tween Chicago and New York. When
great enterprises make for economy
and efficiency, they should be let
alone by law; when they aim at op-
preston and extortion, they should be
curbed and regulated.
Changes in Industrial and economi-
cal conditions are inevitable. But if
disaster is to be aided, they must be
we'll considered and based on reason
and justice, rather than on preju-
dice and personal ambition and
greed"
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
WILD MAN rs
DOWN AT QUINCY
Carries on High links In Madison
Park and is Somewhat Of
Mystery.

La Grange, with its mysterious wo-
man and the trunk, does not have
monopoly on the excitement and per
picking questions along the Missis-
sippi river. Even in Quincy there is
small-sized mystery that awaits solu-
ton and the attention OF an amateu
Sherlock Holmes. The Journal says:
Residents out in the neighborhood of
Twenty-fourth and Main streets are
anxiously awaiting the establishment
of the identity of the old man who
builds camp fires In far corner OF
Madison Park, squats about them as
though he were in bowling wilder
ness, and solaces himself with a
game of solitaire.
For several weeks this old man has
been carrying on his high links in
Madison Park. He is a small, weazen-
ed sort of a person. and Is apparently
as harmless as last years bird nest,
but there is considerable myster,
connected with his movements. He
sneaks about the park about dusk ev-
cry evening, and when little children
appear, the aged person chases them.
On the appearance Of men or women,
however. the Madison Park habitue
grins sheepishly and hides behind a
tree until the adults have passed.
One young woman who saw the
man Wednesday evening was fright
ened almost out of her Wits, although
the aged wanderer offered no attack
or violence. TIE young woman, who Is
domestic employed in a family on
South Twenty-fourth street, was
| walking down the street when the old
man suddenly appeared in front Of
her. He had shaded his eyes with his
/ hand as though looking fot an mag
nary enemy, and as he stalked
/ stealthily along he clutched a revol-
yer in his right hand. AS soon as he
spied the young woman, however, he
Strengthened up. grinned sheepishly
and placed the gun in his pocket
/ AS soon as the shades Of night be-
gin to fall, the old man retires to the
far corner of the park and builds a
camp fire, according to stories told by
people who claim to have seen him
AS soon as the old man builds the
fire. 1t is said, he goes out on a scout
ing expedition. sneaking around the
camp as though In search for maraud
ers. When he returns, with parting
admonition to the Officer of the
guard" to be on the alert, he sits
down by the fire and INDUCES In ar
exciting game of solitaire.
4 The fact that the old man wears
the army blue suggests the idea
that he Ia an old veteran mentally
unbalanced, imagining he is again liv
ing the life of 'G1 and he is camping or
the firing line, preparatory to engag
ing in battle with the Confederat,
forces. All may go we'll with the ven
cradle warrior, unless he gets excitet
some night and mistakes some peace
! full. meandering pedestrian for tn
Confederate army, in which cas-
there are apt to be ructions In tn
}, vicinity OF Madison Park.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
GRAsPED WIRE
WHILE IN TREE
Company Called up by Telephone and
Man Saved From
Eiectroeutlpn.

BURLINGTON. Oct. 1.-THE plant
of the Peoples Gas & Electric com
pany was shut down for about twenty
minutes this morning. All power was
dead and street car traffic paralyzed
on account Of Dan Treharne, an en-
ploye of the city, grasping live wire
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
Day Pays Tribute.

lGate City Leased Wire Service.
CANTON, Ohio, Oct. 14.-w. r.
Day. United States supreme court
justice, at his home here today, paid
the following tribute to Justice Har-
Ian, who died in Washington this
morning:
u am greatly panied at the death
OF Justice Harlan. The country has
lost a great man and the supreme
court an upright and fearless Judge.
He was not only great lawyer and
judge, but he WAS no less a great citi.
zen. always keenly interested in pub.
lie welfare and had pronounced views
on public questions. He was man
of broad judgment, great strength and
vigor of mind, and devoted to the
judicial duties which he gave long
life of eminent service
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
Restored 10 Health

The body building and nourishing
qualities Of Duffy's Pure Malt
Whiskey restored q very sick
woman to the best Of health.
It will do the same for you If
you will give it Q chance.
She recently wrote:-"I am a
regular user of Duffy's Pure Malt
Whiskey and have derived much
benefit from its nourishing quail
ties. It is the greatest tonic and
stimulant I know of for weak sys-
TENS. | was very sick some time
ago, but owing to this elixir of life,
! am enjoying splendid health at
present. should have written
sooner and thanked you for the
good your whiskey has done and
is doing for me. 1t is the real
medicine of the American people. !"
Mrs. James Craven, Waltham,
10
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
Or. ) EATON JOHNSTON

Or. ! EATON JOHNSTON
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
The only physician practicing osts
opathy In the county. The Smi.hsoni.
.. truss fitted and guaranteed. the
only truss that holds. Office. North
side Of Main street, third door above
Fifth. Phone 80. Residence. Ninth and
Webster. Phone lS4. ,. o. Lock Boz
II. Warsaw. III.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15

Or. BRUCE =. elLFlLLAM,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
ONCE, 621M Main street. over
Crooks q Cox Millinery store. Bel
Phone 100 Black.
Residence 317 North Fourth stres.
Bell Phone 1880 Red.
Hours: 1912 .. M; "a p. m.: -
p. IA. Sunday by appointment
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15

w. !. HARTFR, M. D., b. O.
Osteopathic ant Electric treatments
speciality. Or Sc. 80 North Fourth
street.. Ground door.
Hours-1O to IL p M: 2 to s p -.
Evenings by appointment.
Phone ON, Iowa .1254-Red; rssi-
dence, lowe S70-Red.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15

Or. c. J. CHRISTENSEN
oSTEOPATHlC PHYSICIAN.
Y. n. G. A. Building.
Once hours-s to IL q. M; q 70 q
p. "a. Residence, Iowa phone 1l67.
: rings. Once. Iowa phone 11E7.
ring: Residence 800 North Eighth St
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
PHYSICIANS

Or. w. p. SHERLOCK.
PHYSICAL. AND SURGEON.
Once. IS North Fifth strset In
Howell building.
Once hours-10 to u .. m; : to :
p. M: evenings. z to 8: Sundays. II
to p. m.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1911-10-15
PAY TRIBUTE TO
JUSTICE HARLAN
President Taft Sends Messaa, Of Con.
dotenec to Widow Of
Great Jurist.
[Gate City Leased Wire Service !

TGate City Leased Wire service.1
SAN FRANCISCO, Cal, oct IL -
President Taft tonight sent message
OF coincidence to the wild Nv OF Su.
pccre Court Justice Harlan, who died
early today. Justice Harla,. known
az the great dissenter," in legl r;r-
cirs. vas probably the mos. progress.
slvc II the supreme court justices lie
will be succeeded by the flftn jnet;ee
appointed by Taft, who has nar.etl
more supreme court judges than my
president In the history of the country
California progressives were today
deeply grieved by the news of the
death Of Harlan.
"The people have lost a great friend
on the bench of the highest court OF
the land" declared Governor Johnson
tonight. and we feel his loss deeply.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26
CLARENDON.
.ence of The Star,

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
CLARENDON, Va. November 25. 1911.
The Saturday Bridge Luncheon Club
of Clarendon was most charmingly en-
tertained by Miss Frances de Lashmutt
at the home of Mrs. r. NJ. Stuart at
Courtlands. The guests were Mrs. Gar
ner, Mrs. Duffey, Mrs. Moncure, Mrs. Al
bertson and Mrs. McCardle of alls
Church and Mrs. Victor Olmsted, Mrs.
Ralph Quick of Clarendon and Miss
Louise Garner of Washington. D. c. Mrs
Arthur Swami of Oak street will enter
tain the members of st. Georges Guiid
next Tuesday. Mr.. and Mrs Victor Ohm
sted have moved from their Clarendon
home into Washington, d. c., and have
taken an apartment at the De Soto Tor
the winter Mr.. and Mrs. r. L. Harri-
son and son of Clarendon have gone 10
southern Maryland to join Mr. Harrison
for the winter. Mrs: J. w. Garner OF
daughter. Mrs. Ralph Quick. Of Claren-
don. this week Mr.. r. H. Scroggins re-
turned Thursday to his Clarendon nome
after q visit to Richmond, Va. Mrs. n.
guest of Mrs. L. H: Thompson Of Walnut
street. Mrs. Alfred Marion of Baltimore
and little child are guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. G. E. Hid Of Clarendon. MT and
Mrs. COrntck, who are On their prioai
tour from Norfolk, Va. where they were
married this week, are guests of Mr., apd
Mrs A. L. Kelley Of Walnut street. Mrs.
L. w. Thompson has returned to her
home on Chestnut street after pleasant
visit to her sister. Mrs. H. e. Van Deu-
sen of Washington. d. c. Mr. D. u. Fin
ney, field secretary OF the Junior Broth
erhood, was the guest OF Rev. w. e. Cal
lender of Farlee this week. Mr.. and Mrs.
C.. r. Northrop of Waterbury, Conn. are
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. L. l.. Northrop
Of Clarendon. They were accompanied
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26

with her daughter. Mrs. Joseph Berry
of Vienna. Mr. J. P. Brown has re-
turned to his home in Lincoln from
visit in Washington. Mrs. Korn and
Mrs. Weaver Of Washington were the
weekend guests of Mr.. and Mrs. f. s.
Ward of Purcellville. DR.. and Mrs
Fenton NJ Nichols of Purcellville have
gone to North Carolina for the winter
months Mrs. II. NJ Cockerille and
children of Black Oak are visiting
relatives in Washington.
Mr. and Mrs. William Otley of
Bloomfield have gone to brakes
Branch. Va, for the winter months.
Mr. and Mrs. w. N. Presgraves and
small son of Washington have been
visiting at the home of Mrs. Pres
graves parents. Mr.. and Mrs w. S.
Tiffany Of North Fork, Loudoun
county. Mr.. Brown Tavenner of Wythe
county, Va. is visiting friends and
relatives near Philomont. Mr.. and
Mrs. William 0. Russell have issued
invitations for a reception at their
home. Woodbine, near Waterford, in
honor of the twentieth anniversary of
their marriage. The Misses Russell of
Waterford entertained at a tea Tues
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26

by Miss Annie A. Northrop, who has
been visiting relatives in Connecticut and
vermont the past two months. Misses
Emma V. Jones and Marion Price OF
Baltimore were guests this week of Mrs.
s. Groome Eareckson Of Chestnut street.
Mr.. Hilton Bonney returned home this
week after several months visit to his
aunt in Norfolk, Va. Mr.. and Mrs Quinn
OF Washington, D. c., were guests this
week Of, Mr.. and Mrs Robert Evans of
Walnut street. The members of the Rec
tors Aid Of Trinity Chapel in Arlington
were entertained Wednesday evening by
Mrs Laura McCaffray Of Arlington.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. e. Lewis of Fort Myer
Julia Lewis of Vienna, Va. and Mr.. Dud-
ley Lewis Of Columbia Cross Roads, Pa.
He has just enjoyed tour through the
south. Mrs. John G. Shackelford, after
E. Jesse OF Fort Myer Heights. has re-
turned to her home at Bowling Green,
Va. Miss Alice Bennett of Washington,
D. c.: Mr.. Anderson Of Alexandra and
Miss Jen Wheat, who have been guests
of Mr.. and Mrs. Karl Ker of Fort Myer
Heights have returned to their respective
homes this week.
A birthday party was given to Miss
Eva Rich at the home Of her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. /. N. Rich OF Fort Myer
sixteenth birthday. About twenty-five
friends enjoyed several hours with mu-
sic. games and refreshments. Among
those present were Misses Ann and May
Kicker. Katie Tayman. Norma Lewis,
Naoma Pickett. Mildred Mcshea, Mr.. and
Mrs. r. O. Vestal of Fort Myer Heights.
Misses Viola Reece. Ethel Vestal, Myrtle
Young, Flossie McCorn, Cora Magruda
and Mary Smoot. and Messrs. Eddy and
Earl Young and Clay Hobson, all Of
Washington, d. c.
Mrs Edward E. Wilson entertained at
tea last Sunday Mrs. narries. wife OF
Gen. George HI. Harries; her son War
rem and Misses Mollie and Nettie Poole
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26

eight the guests being Miss Nancy
Lee Janney. Miss Anna Sheppard MISS
Rebecca Gray Harrison. Miss Maria
Washington Harrison, Miss Henrietta
Go1dsborough and Mrs j. X. ii. Alex
ander. Misses Lilias and Nancy Lee
Jannev were hostesses at a delight1ul
tea Friday afternoon last In hoho' %
the Misses Forbes. Mrs. Hartley Irun-
die and son Marshall left WEDNESDAY
for an extended visit to frlends ana
relatives in Selby. N. c. /and MocKs-
Vile, N. c. Mr.. Hubert Iaiiefro
Plaster is spending fortnight WIN
Mr.. #. Blackwell Smith at the nome
of the latter's parents. in Upperv1le.
va. Mr.. and Mrs Samuel =. Lutz
spent several days during the past
week with Mr.. and MIS- Charies
Thomas Clagett Of washington. Mr.
George c. Babson has returned 10; 10 ms us
home here from an extended vlsit IN
Foxcroft, Me. Mr.. Keith b. wise re-
turned Saturday from a visit or sew
eral weeks in Harrodsburg. Ky: MISS
Ruth Tuck Dibrell is visiting MRS: >.
Eveleth English at Ballston. va MISS
with friends in Baltimore. Mr. ana
Mrs. Elijah peterborough White have
returned from New York city, where
they attended the horse show during
the past week. Miss Eleanor Mott
left Thursday to spend some time with
friends and relatives In New York.
Mr.. Lawrence. Lee of Washington. d.
C., was the guest during the past
week of Mrs Charles Warrington
Goldsborough. Mrs. j. William Rice
left during the past week to visit rela-
tives in Washington. Rev. Selwyn
Cockerille returned to his home In
Baltimore Thursday from visit at
the home of his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Samuel Cockerille. Miss Helen Thomp-
son is visiting relatives in Washington.
Miss Virginia Long has returned from
an extended visit to relatives In Lex
ington. Lynchburg and Charlottes-
vile Mr.. and Mrs. c. w. limbaugh
of near here have announced the en-
gagement of their daughter Sarah
Ellen and Mr. Ernest M. Edwards Of
Waterford. Va. The marriage will &C.
cur in the early winter. Miss Margaret
Potts of Shepherdstown, w. Va. is
visiting Miss Henrietta Goldsborough
in Church street Mrs. NJ. X. Lupton
of Washington has been visiting friends
in Round Hill. this county. Mrs. Rose
Gibson of Bluemont left during the
past week to spend the winter months
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26

day evening in honor of Mr.. and Mrs.
A S. Bates, who recently returned
from their wedding trip. Mrs. Charles
Walker entertained the card club
Thursday evening at her home In
Waterford. Mr.. Julian Heaton spent
the week end with Messrs Bradley
and Frank Kilgour at their home near
HillSboro. Mrs. Clifton of redertcksbu &
is visiting her sister, Mrs. A. n. Perry
man. Mrs. A. L. McGavack has returned
from visit to relatives in Washington.
The Home Interest Club met at the home
of Mrs. Fayette Welsh near Purcellville
Saturday afternoon last. Addresses were
made by Mrs. Charles Hoge, the newly
elected president: Miss Julia B. Hoge of
Washington, d. c., and Mrs. Mary V.
Smith, and papers were read by Mrs.
George Hoge and Mrs Henry Hcge. The
general subject for discussion was know
Thy State" The next meeting will be
held at the home of Mrs. Charles Hoge
in December. Miss Minnie Allison, daugh-
ter of C. III. Allison of Loudoun county,
and Mr.. William Hitaffer. son OF F. NJ.
Hitaffer, also of Loudoun county, We're
married at the Leesburg Inn Wednesday.
Rev. ]. H. Wiltshire, pastor Of the Bap-
fist Church. performing the ceremony.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26
COMMON GARDEN SAGE RESTORES GRAY
AND FADED HAIR TO ITS NATURAL COLOR

the trouble Of making it, especially as IL had Ia
be made every two three days, account OF
souring quickly. This objection has been over
come. and by asking almost any frst-elass drug
gist for Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur Hair Remedy
the public can get a superior preparation cf
sage, with the admixture of sulphur. another
valuable remedy for hair and scalp troubles.
Daily use Of this preparation will not only
quickly restore the color OF the hair, but will
also stop the hair from falling out and make it
grow.
Get a bottle from your druggist today. Use it
and see for yourself how quickly dandrur goes
and gray hairs vanish
This preparation is offered TO the public Mt
fifty cents bottle. and is recommended aud
sold 10y all druggists. Special agent. James
O. Donnell. 9o4 + st. NV
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26
A Simple Remedy TO
Dandruf, Falling Hair.
Itching Scalp, Faded
and Gray Hair.

The old idea OF using sage for darkenins tne
hair is again coming In vogue. Our grandmotn-
ers used to have dark, glossy hair at the age OF
seventy 1--WE, while our mothers have white hair
before they are fifty. Our grandmothers used
to make a sage tea and apply IL TO tneir
hair. The tea made their hair soft and glossy
and gradually restored the natural color
One objection TO using such preparation was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26

near Seat Pleasant. Prince Georges
county. Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Lincoln OF
Charles county are visiting friends near
Timer Marlboro. Mrs. Helen Jamison Cf
Norfolk. Va, is visiting friends near
Bledensburg and will remain several
weeks. =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26
LEEsBURG.
,ecial Correspondence of The Star.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
LEESBURG, Va. November Is, 1911.
Mrs John Guthrie Hopkins enter
tanned at luncheon at Cotton farm, near
here, Thursday, In honor of her guests.
Misses Mary and Elizabeth Forbes of
Pittsburgh, ia. Covers were laid for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-26
Fully Prepared.
&c Boston Transcript

From the Boston Transcript.
Jack-When 1 asked Ethel il she would
be mine she fell on my breast and sobbed
like a child, but finally she put her arms
around my neck and
Maud-Oh yes. ] know all about that.
rehearsed II with her.
Norwich bulletin., 1911-06-19

Miss Christie Macdonald, star of The Spring Maid, is married again, and has sailed for Europe. H. L. Gil- lespie, Pittsburg contractor, is the bridegroom.