davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
INSANITY EXPERTS.

Tie American Institute Of Criminal
Law and CriminolOgy, which is doing a
useful work in furtherance Of criminal
procedure reform, has through one of
its committees taken up the subject of
the insanity defence and the medical
expert in criminal trials. 1t condemns
with the usual sharpness this scandal
in the enforcement Of the American
criminal law, but its suggestions fOr~re-
form, like most Of the suggestions that
have been made by the bar associations
and others interested TO remove this evil,
are not particularly promising. 1t rec
cmmendS the establishment by the medi-
cal profession Of q code of ethics gov
crning physicians called upon to give
opinions as 10 the sanity Of defendants
in criminal trials and by the bar to
govern lawyers employing insanity as a
defence for their clients. The trouble
with codes Of professional ethics is the
difficulty Of enforcing them. Another
is for the creation Of
group of qualified experts and the re-
striction of the state and the defence TO
this group in calling expert witnesses.
Constitutional difficulties might stand in
the way of this. And where are the ex-
pCrts to be found who are not already
diScredited by what has been done in
the name Of expert testimony?
Much of the scandal regarding expert
testimony is usually held to result
from the arbitrary standard Of insanity
fixed by law and the consequent differ
encc between legal and medical insanity.
This difference is such that in the rhaw
case the witnesses who testified at
Thaw's trial that he was legally insane
at the time of his shooting of Mr..
White also testified that he was medical
ly sane when he was being tried while
the experts who pronounced him legally
sane at the time Of the act had no heSi-
tation in calling him medically insane
at the time Of the trial. The committee
recommends that legal tests of insanity
be abolished, but even if legal and medi-
cal insanity could be made SYNONYMOUS
it is not clear that any great gain
would result. Doctors constantly di8a-
gree even when there is not large fee
to induce disagreement. and it is the
fact that 1t is always possible 10 array as
many experts on one side of the ques-
tion Of insanity as upon the other that
the discredt Of expert tes-
timony. If medical insanity were the
question before the court, the exact bal
ance OF expert testimony Mt trials would
very likely still Ice maintained.
perhaps 1t Is unnecessary 10 seek q
remedy, since juries themselves show
signs of curing the evil by exhibiting
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
STUDENT "VICKEDNESS."

We are glad to see that the card cata-
lcgue moralist and social reformer has
tried his system upon the college stu
dent He has pursued his way every
where. gravely collecting and tabulating
ali sorts of information about all sorts
and conditions Of men. Would you like
to know whether the sons of mothers
who used TO be addicted to "tatting' are
more gifted in business or in the learned
professions? Go TO the right card cata-
logue man. He has It all down on q
little bit Of pasteb0ard filed away In a
cabinet. Are you curious about the eff
feet of wearing brown Fedora hats upon
the next generation? An Investigator
has collected all the facts about that
habit, and he can tell you from his card
catalogue exactly what percentage of the
daughters Of such men incline TO wear
russet shoes and stockings. Whether it
IS the price which men who earn SIS a
week pay for their cigars or the relative
consumption of beer by persons whose
names begin with f as compared with
that Of persons whose names begin with
G., investigators" have collected all the
facts" The card catalogue soclOlogist
has them.
Something was needed to strip this card
cataloguing Of humanity Of all its solemn
pretentiousness, and the college student
has done t. The investigator who was
putting down on paper the students
moral derelictions evidently struck the
latter as the funniest thing in his expert
ence. Other men have bowed TO the card
cataloguing sociologist's grave appear
ance In the name Of Science" and If they
have been hurt by his impertinence they
have treated him almost as seriously as
the census collector. Not so the college
student. Would the student tell him all
about his vices? There is nothing about
which a student talks more gladly than
about them. Does he drink? OF course .
Four or five bats" year. Women? To
be sure. The evil resorts he goes to-?
Oh, glad to show Them and unbinking-
ly 10 point out every beardless youth in
the place as Il fellow student. For con-
iirmation, If the investigator wants any,
why, there is the bartender, who assures
his shocked inquirer grayely that two
hundred students are in the place all the
time; fifty of them have to be carried
home every night. The information thus
collected works out % per cent drink O.
per cent Of the college students have no
sense Of humor, or else they are the
greatest wags of all. SiXty-fve per
cent combine wine and bad women"
Thirty-five per cent drink heavily"
Fifteen per cent are drunkards
The joke on the card catalogue sociolo-
gist surpasses even the expectations Of
those who gave him all this "informa-
ton for it is printed in serious news
papers. The most rakish thing about
the college man." his hat, will no doubt
be more rakish than ever this year. His
trousers will be more shocking. He has
to live IN to the wide reputation for
wickedness which the guileless cata-
lOguer and the guileless press have be-
slowed on him. If the sad dogs had
only put the card cataloguing Of human
ity out Of business. But they haven't!
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
COMPARATIVE NAVAL POWER
Correspondent Adduces Figures in Rat
ing Germany Below United States.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: I was very glad to see in your
editorial this morning on German and
American navies an answer to the pre-
mature and aggressive statements Of Ger
man naval experts" coircident with the
recent Kiel review, placing Germany in
second rank of the worlds navies and the
United States third. But In your very ad-
mirable comparison OF ;he pre- -Dreadnought
battleships of each nation I would not even
use accompanying question marks.
In the minds of all the worlds naval
men there Is no doubt about the position
OF the United States Germany is in third
place at the present time and will be/until
the fall OF 1912. and then her margin over
US will be very narrow.
The United States has twenty-five pre-
Dreadnought battleshlps. sixteen OF which
are first class, to Germany's twenty ten
OF which are first class: and in every class
OF vessels OF the same date the American
ships are superior in speed and armor
But the most telling point is that OF arma-
ment. In the American twenty-five ship
feet there Is a total of eghty-eight Pinch,
thirty-two 13-inch. one hundred and forty
four S-lnch, one hundred and twenty-eight
7-inch and ninety 6-inch guns while In the
German twenty-ship fleet there is a total
OF forty ll-lnch, forty 9-inch and three
hundred and twenty 6-inch. In these days
Of big gun ships the comparison is obvious.
In armored cruisers Germany is also out
classed. possessing nine TO our flfteen
Now we come 20 the matter OF Dread
noughts. and IT is here that most people
are In error In their calculations Figuring
In the two Observation-Disclosures, which are
not the equal OF battleship Dreadnoughts.
Germany has ready for service to-day nIne
vessels Of this type on which the powers
rely for their chief naval strength, while
the United States has only six. But.
averaging up as before. the Americans
again are superior i'm protection and speed
Except in the case OF the two cruiser
Dreadnoughts. which would have To operate
independent OF the other seven To utilize
their extra knots) and In the most vital
point OF all. broadside fire, could defeat the
opposing feet OF three more vessels than
their own
Germany made bad mistake In her
first seven Dreadnoughts, which, though
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11

-. mount twelve main battery guns
aniece. can use only eight OH =. 90,
england likewise did this. only no' ~
a deeree. rs her first Dreadnough's No ~,
cd only ten Pinch guns two Oh
,,,ro masked on broadside. Both po"o.'
ora at last adopting the American cei.'o
I,no n,dnciple, which first appears ia
MANY in the Gutenberg type Oh NJ
sbinq mounting ten 12-inch guns d" o
hroadside. except in the case OF the '"o
cruiser -Dreadn0ghts =,
,rhe American Dreadnought squao."
s,x ships has a broadsde fire OF hIty
,2-inch guns to the German nine e"p
souadron's twenty-four 12s and forty-eisi
11,s-tbis I'm spite OF the fact that ''o
German squadron mounts forty-four Inolo
b,p guns than the American squadron! as
Tho nro.ection of the American vesseiS
,vouId nullify the fire OF the forty-eie"'
German 11-inch guns, leaving only tWehtS,
four 1913 TO contend with. and as the ."o
lighter armored German cruiser
noughts could not live for ten minutes al
this imaginary engagement, the result 10
also obvious.
As you state in your editorial, tecnnicai
data must be taken into account IN estii'ia'
ing the comparative strength OF '""
navies. and the above details clearly sho"
the remarks on Germany's rank OF second
ornear,ne with the accounts Of the klel
review to be incorrect.
HAROLD N. KENNARD.
Brooklyn, N. Y. Sept g. 1911.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
THE NEWS THIS MORNING.

FOREIGN.-The French government
. received Germany's counter proposals
for a settlement OF the Morocco dispute
and decided 10 consult NJ. ReSnauIl' Ihe
French Minister TO Morocco, recoS
nize6 cXpert on subjects pertaining 10
that country. -= The German impe-
rial manpuvres, designed TO reproduce
actual war conditions more closely than
any war game hitherto carried OUT, pc
gan on the banks of the Elbe; the Kaiser
will act as umpire. -- movement
was begun in Newfoundland for union
with Canada, should the latter ratily
reciprocity next week, in order 10 secure
better trading terms with tnG Chl'eu
states than hitherto obtainable. 1---
a secret agent Of the Portuguese gov
eminent who visited the monarchlst
camp reported that the hostile troops
number nearly 5000 we'll armed ana
that the population of Northern Portu-
gal will rise in favor of the invaders
DOMESTIC.-It was stated at Chicago
that the sentiment of the internallollt
officers was against strike on the IL
linois Central Railroad. --- PRAYERS III
the churches ended the campaign III
Maine 10 keep the liquor prohibition
clause i'm the state constitution; the
Womans Christian Temperance Union
hepan working for Worldwide abolition
of the LIQUOR traffic. - n Washington
dispatch said more light on the sherman
antitrust law was expected WHeh tht
supreme Court reconvenes IN OCTOBER
and disposes of the hard coal cotton
cnrner'' and st. Louis Bridge" cases.
Governor Dix at Lake George
completed speeches he will deliver at the
state fair on Wednesday and at the
conference Of governors IN Spring Lake.
y. J.. on Friday. == Henry solomon
Commissioner OF Prisons, reported IN
Albany that conditions in Sing Sing had
improved since Warden Frost was super
, seded and that the cOnVlcts were nap
picr. =- John c. Richberger, president
of the Illinois commission on uniform
laws. stated at Chicago that more thah
90 per cent of the states have UNIFORM
LEGISLATION in the causes for divorce.
CITY.-It was a day of accidents at
the flying exhibition at Brighton Beach
Tom" Sopwith and a passenger out
stripping all others by landing IN the
ocean off the Casino. =- The inner
George Washington beat her own record
bv crossing from Bremen in u days 10
hours and 6 minutes. == a fre4an
was badly injured when two freight
trains came into collision on a bridge
crossing the Hackensack River. -
Alfred Brown was forced to leave the
water after seven hours from the Bat
terry when within q mile Of Sandy Hook.
- The Central Federated Union
asked the various labor organizations 10
io;n il in demanding that the Bureau of
Municipal Research be abolished. =
Jacob Becker was arrested in New York
charged with being concerned in the
blowing up and burning Of German
newspaper in Paterson, y. J. -5- otto
Wen arrived from Europe with fund Of
gossip about opera favorites. == Alan
son Skinner, of the Museum OF Natural
History. returned from soiourn among
the Menominee Indians bringing many
curios.
THE WEATHER.-IndiCa for to-
day: Unsettled. The temperature yes
terday: Highest. 50 degrees lowest, 62.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
WHAT THE BOSS IS ABOUT.

What has become Of that fine spiflt
of revolt in the Democratic party when
famed up when Boss Murphy dared TO
name his own man for United States
Senator? The profit to Murphy III Sc
curing the election Of Mr.. Sheehan was
Lot entirely obvious. yet all of the truly
good turned upon the boss for his pre-
sumption. insurgency reared It's head'
and the mugwumps ate all their unctuous
words about the boss's excellent 1nten-
tons"
Where IS insurgency now that the boss
is coolly getting ready to appropriate 10
himself all Of the additional members OF
the New York delegation to Congress 10
lie gained through the new apportioh-
ment? Where is insurgency now that
the boss is emulating his predecessor
Tweed and preparing TO force upon TINS
city a charter TO suit his nefarlous pur-
poses. n charter full of stratagems ana
spoils and one which will serve the ends
of the boss's politico-commercial allies.
the purveyors of traction in Manhattan,
by taking the control of subways out OF
the hands Of the officials whom the peo-
pie chose to provide the new facilities,
the members Of the present Board of
Estimate and Apportionment? The
stake of Murphy in the present situation
is larger than It was in the Senatorship
contest. What is mere Senator to six
Congressmen and Tammanyized sys-
TEN Of government for the city Of New
YOrk2
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
SUPERVISION OF DANCING.
the Editor OF The Tribune

To the Editor OF The IrlDune'
Sir: 7 note that a certain Mrs. Israel
who for some time has been identited WIN
the movement for the suppression or I'M
moral dancing at public dance mans, H"'
discovered that improper conduct In dane
ing obtains in the dance halls OF the varl-
Gus picnic grounds within the city
am personally in charge Of dance nan
I'm the Borough Of Brooklyn, and In addi-
ton have been so interested In the I'M
provement OF this form Of amusement tiat
have visited various places where dancing
is generally held for the purpose OF person.
ally convincing myself Of the truth or Vari-
GUS reports concerning immoral dancing
have noticed that there are certain lorihs
of dancing which are so disgusting ana
nauseating to any decent person that the
criminal law should certainly he put INTO
force. so that such public exhibitions may
no prevented. Some of the dances. such as
the turkey trot," lovers two-step'
"erIzzIv hog" etc, are vile, and should De
prohibited by law In addition to the dls-
gustina features. the influence OF these
dances IS so powerful as to attract many
Of the Younger generation and has In many
instances been tho primary cause OF many
Il ypuHB EGA 'N4i''
About one year ago, through the efforts
Of Mrs. Israel, law was enacted by the
LEGISLATURE of this state which requireu
dancing hall proprietors TO procure licenses
for the purpose Of conducting their pusi-
ness. The license fee was fixed at 80 per
annum. This law has had absolutely no
effect in the movement to abolish immoral
dancing IN public or the teaching OF I'M
moral dances. In addition 10 swelling the
Golfers of the state, its only benehe mas
been 10 make these halls less dangerous IN
case Of fire. But dives where low, vile ana
disgusting dances are taught, where young
people are msled by dancing masters VINO
practise the so-called profession ior
pecuniary gain only. are still flourishing' IN
spite of the fact that the dance hall pro-
prietor pays the license fee.
From my observation. It would seem tha'
tho proper method OF remedying the sltua-
ton is to have an organized body, such as
the Society for the Prevention Of Cruelty
TO Children, whose agents shall visit places
at the times when dancing is In progress
and shall act in accordance with proper
authority. ED" At~D ~
Brooklyn, Sept. s, 1911.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
THE TALK OF THE DAY.

Another resident Of New York has quail
fed for membership in tho Don't-Know-
the-City Club. She is a governess In the
home OF a professional man, who lives with
his wife and little girl in one Of the large
apartment houses In upper Broadway. Re-
Gently the mans sister and little son visited
the couple and the boy one morning asked
II some one would take him to the new
library, OF which he had heard. The gov
erness volunteered and started away with
the boy. They were back in an incredloiy
short time. The boy said the library was
mot so much" and no better to look at
than the one at home "out West" or
course the hostess know that some one had
bundered, and after n little investigation
learned that the only New York public
library known to the boys guide was the
branch IN Amsterdam avenue, near sd
street When the boy was taken next day
to see the new building the governess was
onb Of the party, and" said Aunt Mary,
what the poor woman didn't say she
looked"
"Is your new song going to be sue
cess?"
tits sure 10 make big hit"
"How can you tell?'
Every musician who has heard It says
It's simply rotten. n."-Toledo Blade.
TELL IT TO SWEENEY.
Thomas Sweeney. OF New Jersey, continued
70 sleep while the house be was in collapsed.
Wakened he said: "Go to bed; It can't fall any
iower."-News Item.
Philosophers are not all dead.
Although the ones most mentioned are;
Here's one who slumbered in his bed
Although his house fell with a Jar.
To some the tale may read quite beany;
You'll note the fellows name was
Sweeney.
That he possessed such common sense
Is not at all thing Of doubt;
There's pile on pile OF evidence
That many seek this Sweeney out.
And tell their pleasures and their troubles,
Which he, IN turn, proves to be bubbles.
Than any other man alive,
This man hears tales more frequently,
And it's supposed that he must thrive
on ready-made philosophy;
But as men preach. but seldom follow
This fellow Sweeney beats all hollow.
A. w. U.
Dat other kid swiped his candy" But
you have the candyY' Yes I'm de little
kids lawyerl-Puck.
4 Nashville woman whose nerves broke
down was told to live in the country, says
THE Florida Times-UniOn." Her husband
provided little home aad she began to
raise poultry for amusement. Now her
husband has sold out his town business and
accepted a partnership with her. She is
selling eggs at 81 each, and says she will
have $4,000 In the next five years. while
she has grown strong and bosses the hus-
band, who keeps the books.
ANY fish In this brook?"
Government stocked 1t with trout once"
replied the old-timer.
but they won't come near a hook"
"They do seem smarter than other fish
I reckon maybe they had to pass a civil
service examination fore the government
would notice 'em. Washington Star.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11

IL 1t is not laid for protective purposes
pure and simple. Mr.. Underwood and
Mr. Clark both know this as well as
Mr.. Bryan does, but they were willing
to stultify themselves in order to be
able to dicker with the Insurgents, who.
although they wanted to see the tariff
reduced on manufactures, were exceed
ingly reluctant to have it reduced on
any raw materials. The wool revision
of the last session, so far as the Demo
cratic majority OF the House had hand
in it, was piece of political bunco
from start to finish. Mr.. Clark and Mr
Underwood have attacked Mr.. Taft for
exposing their insincerity. Now they
have to face exactly the same charGe
bluntly put forward by Mr.. Bryan.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
COPPOBOP4TED.

n a recent issue Of The Commoner"
Mr. Bryan has corroborated in strik-
Ing way the charge made by President
Taft that the tariff legislation passed by
Congress at the last session was Of the
sort which could be justly Labelled "fOr
politics only He fatty contradicts the
assertions of Messrs. Clark and Under
wood that the wool bill was a legitimate
attempt TO carry out the recognized
principles Of the Democratic party or to
apply the economic ideas by which its
trainers pretended to be governed. Ac-
cordiHg TO Mr.. Bryan, the wool bill was
cheap piece Of political claptrap, its
only purpose being TO attract the sup
port Of the Insurgent politicians in Con-
grcss who were anxious 70 revenge
themselves on the President.
Nh Bryan does not mince words in
exposing the fraudulent character Of the
wool bill He says that the Democratic
majority in the House Of Representa-
tlveS made its initial mistake in selecting
q chairman Of the Ways and Means
Committee who lis not a thOrough-going
taiilf reformer." Then he continus:
The second mistake Of the session has
already been mentioncd-the putting Of
tariff on wool The tariff on wool is
the keystone Of the protectionist arch,
and those who do not know IL have
yet 10 learn tho 4 B G of the tariff
question. Every speaker on the tariff
will be confronted by the tariff on wool
If he attempts 10 attack the principle
Of protection. and hs must criticise
Congress, or, IL ne defends Congress,
he must do so at the expense Of party
principle. The mistake can be corrected
al the regular session by a new meas
ure making free Nool the basis Of the
reduction, but this is not likely so long
as Mr. UnderwOOd's influence is para
mount i'm the committee.
Had Mr. Underwood and his associ-
ates been lceislating with serious intent
they would have prepared wool bill
very similar 10 the wool schedule of the
v iisOn-GOrman tariff law That schedule
had been tested by nearly three years
experience. and II would have eeD a
fairly plausible answer 10 the objection
that q report from the Tariff Board
ought to be awaited 10 say that the
proposed schedule had been thoroughly
tried out between 1894 and 1897 The
domestic wool and woollens industry
knew just what 10 expect under such a
schedule and so did the Treasury
Moreover. the Democratic party would
have put itself in the attitude Of being
ready TO revise the tariff along known
Democratic lines. If it was going 10
abandon the historic principle Of free
wool on the false pretencc that rev
cnue duty on wool WAS a necessity. 40
one could possibly tell what il would
DO when il came TO deal with the other
schedules. There is no excuse. accord
ing 10 the doctrines which the Demo
cratic party has preached for the last
forty years, for revenue duty on wool.
such a duty is an economic absurdity
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11

Denver dispatches report that Coy
ernor Shafroth Of Colorado, on leaving
that state, locked and bolted the eXecu-
tive Offices so that the Lieutenant Gov
ernor could not occupy them In his abb
sencc. Western lieutenant governors
have been known To do strange things
when subbing as governors. In Mon
tana some years ago one appointed a
United states Senator while his princi-
pal was away oy ernight. The bonding
companies ought to put in the market
an assurance policy guaranteeing gov
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11

their complete disregard of the experts.
In recent case in this city jury ig-
nored the unanimous opinion of a con-
siderable body Of medical experts. With
turies exhibiting that disposition. 1t Will
soon cease to he worth while for either
side In a trial to spend large sums upon
expert testimony. And with the com
liberalization Of such testimony over, Its
worst evils will disappear.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11

lack Of public support of a bill 10 , pu'
the traffic men on the old footing in'
general public always has taken pc
culiar pride in this squad and Its WORK.
II has been about the one branch VI
police activity deservedly free from CRIT
lcism. 1t should be so again, ana the
public should not be deprived OF It's pest
work because Of a miserable bit OF par
tisan politics.
New-York tribune., 1911-09-11
PROTECTION FOR CHILDREN.

From The Rochester st-Express
Port Jervs, New York State town of
TO- 900 population. has just contracted for
the building OF three fireproof schoolhouses
These are to be terra Gotta, the material
used to be subjected 10 a heat of 2.OO0 de-
grees Fahrenheit. IL is encouraging To note
that the safe and sane methods Of school
house construction are being adopted I'm the
smaller cities of this state