Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

Diedh. AiAbI inc tlSS AaS SSS+'
planted, the top should be cut back
to correspond with the root system.
The average height in cutting back
a tree from four to six feet, is from
twenty-four to thirty-six inches. The
cutting back of smaller trees should
be at the same rate. This opera
ton is very important. as it is very
essential TO form good root sys-
tenn before the top is allowed to de-
velop.
After the tree has been planted
care should be given, and the mois-
ture in the soil at all times to
make a maximum growth. although
too much water is just as bad as
not enough, and good cultivation is
just as essential as irrigation, in
fact, some of the best orchards in
the State Of Idaho are those which
are extensively cultivated, and a
minimum amount Of water used. In
some Of the orchard districts Of Ida
no, the soil has become alkaline by
the excessive use of water.
One of the essential things in the
care of an orchard the second year
is the forming of the scaffold limbs,
or the framework of the tree. From
three to five limbs should be allow
ed to grow at a height of from
eighteen to twenty-four inches from
the ground. The distance Of these
limbs apart should be from five
to eight inches, selecting, if possible,
three limbs to the windward side
and two to the lee, so that the
tree will be equally balanced. These
scaffold limbs should be divided
around the body of the tree, and it
is not well to have one Immediately
above the other. The forming of
the scaffold limbs on young trees
is the most important work in the
growing of new orchard. We should
always strive to have our trees as
low-headed as possible, as this will
reduce the cost of spraying, harvest
ing, and the general care of the or
ehard when it comes into bearing.
In pruning a tree the third year,
the second year growth should be
cut back all but about twelve to
eighteen inches. This will cause
each scaffold limb to throw out ad
ditional limbs; two of these should |
be allowed to grow, the others should /
be pruned away The pruning of
the tree from then ON should be, up |
to the time of bearing, along the
same line as is done the second and
third year, and each year allowing
two additional limbs to grow from
the last years growth In this way, 4
la the time OF bearing, you will have
a low-headed stoeky, and well devel-
oped tree, and one which will be able
10 bear its fruit in a good quantity
without breaking down under the
oad
There is no certain time that can
be set as to when spraying should
be begun on newly planted orchards
or the different insect pests. Some
If the best orchardists in the State
commence spraying the second and
bird year after planting. This is
.one as general preventive against
diseases and. insect pests. Lime and
ulphur solution is used at a strength
If from one gallon of lime solution
D 10 or IL parts of water. A solution
I kerosene emulsion or Black Leaf
is used in spraying young orchards
Or the different species of aphis that
re prevalent on young trees. A
areful watch should be kept on
Dung trees and if any infection is
'und of any kind, it should be at
snded to at once and not put off as
lie only possible way to keep trees
/ healthy growing condition is
y watching them closely and keep
g them free from the different
,sts and fungus diseases that de- .
roy our orchards. +
In conclusion, there are five i'm
'rtant factors that should be borne
mind at all times in the growing a
a young orchard; the selecting Of
deep, well drained soil; second,
e purchasing of first-elass nursery y
ook with good thrifty growth, and
,e from diseases; third, the care "a
and economical irrigation and D
orough cultivation; fourth, the
oper pruning, and the forming Of
; framework of the tree at the
Of its second years
with; fifth, the ultimate outcome b
! the producing power of any or
lrd absolutely depends upon the
e that is given it in its early
sc Of growth and development.
or Sale-Hay and horses. McIn-