The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-09-05

nate1y done The speaker
ed the work Of tse North Carolina
Depa rtFnent of Agriculture and h
position taken by DIR. kiiSore. that the
| chief need of lands is phosphoric
acid and that there is also a deficiency
or nitrogen and sometimes of potash.
Mr.. Williams then in detail discussed
the value taken from land by differ
ent crops and the return that should
be made.
The subject was further discussed
BY Mr.. T. B. Parker. farm institute
demonstrator. Of the Department Of
Agriculture, who spoke on sale value
Of the crops and that with higher
priced crops more could be spent for
fertilizer, with the reverse also true.
He spoke Of the necessary fertilizers,
and Of the p~hoSphoric acid need, as
well as the other need Of crops. Civ
ing these in detail, urging that the
erS count t1e cost OF fertilizers in
con- arison with the returns from
the sale Of their crops. The speaker
endorsed the presentation Of the sub
ject by DR.. KiIgore IND Professor
Williams.
A. to Farm Seeds.
The next speaker was Miss o. L.
T{lirnan, of the State Department Of
Agriculture, whose subject was
Farm Seeds; Pure and A~dulterated."
In her remarks SIZE urged the neces-
sity Of having pure seed. and that
are be taken to keep out aduftera-
tons. These authorizations are found
more largely in small seed than in
large seed. but eVen there is ar adul-
iteration in these. She urged that
farmers learn To know seed, so as
to be a! lie to get the pure seed. She
told of the loss in crops and in de-
terioration OF and Her entire ad-
dress was one setting out fully the
49, ~ $4,000 80 ~~a+ hfDN
self against the evil of adulterated
seed, that they should learn to know
ree best. that from seed merchants
she had learned hat they made their
money on the cheap grade OF seeds.
and these a loss TO the farmer. Her
warning was for vigilance, that II
was not always the high priced seed
hat was the best seed. hat often
there was Door seed sold as the best.
Miss Tiilman discussed the char
acteristics Of many seed. the meth
DDS and results Of adulteration.
As to Tile Drainage.
Tile Drainage was the subject next
presented by Mr.. A. @. Smith. Of the
nited states Department OF AgFi-
culture. who condemned the open
ditch, hat it meant taking VI land
space that it must De cleaned, brush
taken from the bank; that open ditch
es meant one horse ploWs in place OF
three or foul rorse teams, the bitches
making these i'm possible. The speak
er held that drainage by tile meant
the ending Of these conditions, made
possible the use Of improved machin-
! cry and better crops. Mr.. Smith told
Of the value OF the State drainage dis
trict law, by which drainage outlets
could be had. OF these there are now
t~wenty-fonr in the State, II they are
making more healthy conditions, as
we'll as better crops.
The speaker exhibited various kinds
Of thing for use in drainage and ex-
| planned the value and cost Of these.
discussing Also tae matter Of making
tile in the ne~ighb0rhOOd. He eXhib-
tied tile spades to be used in the
work. some farmers in the audience
said picks were needed IN their sec
lions. The drain cleaner was also
exhibited as a necessary tool in the
work. Tile should be put liz from
four to five feet deep. the more fall
the better. TIE speaker gave in
struction in the work to be done and
there was much discussion OF the
matter by many Of the farmers. the
value of tile drainage being argued
with much enthusiasm by Mr.. smith.
Address by the President.
Mr.. Frank Shields, of Scotland
Neck, president of the convention,
: made the annual address to the con
%Nention. and it made a distinct i'm
preston, being couched in eloquent
language and a~boUnding in delight
full
Beginning with q personal remin-
iscence, this relating to his old col
leee professor who ha0 at one time
said 20 him: Boy, love your mother"
he applied his to the love that we
should give to Mother Earth, the
originator of all things, the producer
Of all things, that all should love
Mother Earth. He referred to a
character drawn by Dickens. the man
who had robbed his mother. and
said that today We are robbing Mother
Earth. and that there are many rob
bers. Signs of the robbery are seen
IN the lean lands, and III the agri-
cultural press We see calls for RENE