Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-03-24

"a series Of articles by F. NJ. 3iilliken.
practical gardener and
THE best time tn set a hen IL when
he hen IL reddy II yu try tn set a
len before she IL reddy. you'll lose your
time. besides confuze the hen"
Josh Billings.
What you want in q grape vine at
planting time is roots. roots. roots. II
vine has one good bud and plenty OF
cots. you'll soon get all the top you
want and more too. Dig hole large
enough to take in the roots straight a
DOT deep. Break up the subsoil the
7epth of a spade. in the bottom of this
,ole. AL up with good top soil, set the
tine as deep as it stood IN the nursery.
no deeper: plant each layer OF roots
eparately, letting ends OF roots slope
downward. Never crowd the roots Of
my plant into a hole. In February,
1893. the thermometer registered thirty
'egrees below zero and not a bit Of
now on the ground. pruned and
led up the vines as usual. but they
id not start on time. On examination
he roots were found dead. In all my
experience I never had a grape vine
killed In the ground before. Then deep
elanting was recommended and tried.
Years after deep planted vines were ex-
mined IN the ground. The deep plant
ID roots had not made one bit OF
,rowth, while q new set Of roots had
cut out above. just where Mother Ma
IRE wanted them. A seed won't grow
4 planted too deep nor too shallow. It
must have the proper influence Of tho
sun.
Summon Pruning.
Some people strip the leaves off to
ripen the grapes. Some cut the vines
Jack to the last cluster OF grapes for
he lung out Of a calf and then try to
"atten it. When the grapes are as
'arge as small peas. cut back the shoots
leaving the Joints Of wood beyond
he last bunch Of grapes. Then. as new
shoots start. rub them of. This will
brow the vigor into the fruit and pre-
vent so much brush. Inferior shides
and clusters OF grapes should be pulled
III early. Vines that grow good crop
If grapes do not generally grow much
wood.
Preparing For Winter.
Late in autumn, all white grape
vines and red ones should be loosened
from the trellis. laid on the ground and
fastened there by weights or pins. As
winter comes on cover lightly with
bedding from the stable. Purple grape
vines. such as Concord. worden.
Woore's Early. etc. do not need this
protection but can be left on the trellis
During the cold weather Of 1899, I had
soTT1e vines covered With earth eome
with straw. some Agawam vines. where
packed my bees. were covered five
feet deem. They lived In the spring. but
died without fruiting. The vines were
not killed but the roots were. Many
people volunteered advice how the
vines could have been saved. but as
had vines put away IN all the shares
they suggested, I concluded they didn't
know. Concords. wordene and Moore's
Early were left on treilis and the
ground heavily nulched but they an
perished. The ground ffose flve feet
deep that winter. In all my experience
never knew GrApe vines 60 be killed
In the ground before nor since. and It
IL not likely to OCCUR again.
0jsoaoo0 and gnemiso 81 0roNoO and
Vines.
Anthfoenoee or rust and inildew are
the common diseases. Rust shows itself
IN the leaves. Mildew IL q whitish
skum appearing an the young shoot
and the fruit. Grapes Win not ripen
with these diseases present Soraying
with bordeaux mixture and with sui
ohuf are the remedies prescribed. but
Il must he done early. Don't wait.
Remember IN ounce OF prevention II
worth moro than ton Of cure. Some
,,-,,ui~ think bees tjest~ov sr.Des. bat I.
entirely erroneous. Scientific expert