davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
HELPFUL ORCHARD SUCCESS
TY0NS

Field mice been at the young trees I
II the bark is gnawed to the wood the
trees may be saved by bridge grating
II the rabbits have gnawed only
the outer bark. wrap the wound with
cloth.
A tree can be bridge grated in less
than half an hour and 1t 10 better to
take this time to do It than to let q
valuable tree die.
An hours work with a sharp wire
at the foot of your peach trees kill
ing borers may mean an extra >bushel
Of fine peaches.
II the orchard has gone to weeds
pillow carefully just deep enough to
miss the roots. cultivate ~ you would
for the garden and next fall SOW
clover. COW peas or some other nitro
gen-bearing plant and pillow the next
spring.
There is Just as much sense In
planting an orchard and then allow
ing 1t to shift for Itself as there IL In
planting corn field and allowing Il
to run to weeds.
Keep the fence around the orchard
as free from weeds, grass and trash
a. you would your choicest garden
plants. Weeds along the fence are
hne harbors for insects.
The best place in the world for the
poultry yard Is the orchard-any kind
OF an orchard where insects abound.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
CUBAN HONEY AND BEEswAx.

Consul General James [. Rodgers.
in answer to inquiries furnishes the
information concerning the exporta-
ton OF honey and beeswax from
Cuba:
According to the. last available sta
tistics. the exports Of honey for one
year amounted to 6.712.533 pounds Of
which little less than SO per cent
went to Germany, about rs per cent
to France, about Is per cent to the
United, States, and the remainder to
various European countries.
The exports Of wax. which was
principally produced from honey, dur
ing the year.. amounted to 1,383,464
pounds. Of which Germany took lit
tie less than 50 per cent, the United
States about IS per cent, France about
20 per cent, remainder being dis
tributed among various European
countries.
The keeping Of bees is Of general
practice In the country districts. and
the hiving and all other matters con-
Hected Herewith are of a most primi-
dive character, the hive being usually
section OF palm trunk, and no
particular care is taken to preserve
the life Of the hive during the taking
of the honey. Such practice, it should
be understood. is not followed at the
modern apiaries. where there is as
careful treatment and as modern ap-
paratus as is found in any country.
All varieties Of bees, especially the
Italian, thrive exceedingly we'll in
Cuba, there being an abundance Of the
plant lie Seeded for their mainten-
ance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
DEATH IN GASOLINE UNLES
CAREFULLY HANDLED.

Gasoline should only be used for
washing out Of doors ana away from
buildings and smokers. When the
washing Is done the gasoline should
be thrown on loose ground that Will
drink It up at once.
Severe explosions have come from,
pouring the dirty gasoline down the
hole in the sink. A large number
have come from pouring It in the
slop bucket where It hoated and gave
on vapor.
Putting gasoline In the water In .
wash boiler is always followed by an
explosion.
Silk In dresses. ribbons or gloves
may, II rubbed hard make spark
which will fire gasoline.
Clothing can be cleaned by
ammonia or bensine soap without
danger. A safe substitute IN gelatin
ICED benzine In which rs percent ben
zine In added TO mass Of soap. water
and ammonia.
It can be handled without splitting:
the amount Of vapor givsn OF 10 slight
and the amount Of indammable ma
terial in 1t u small.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
DIFFERENT RATIONU ToR
DuUERENT SEASONS

In the summer sea0on when the
animals arsf allowed the raAss Of the
pasture they can. IN : rneAsuSs =:
least. balance their own rat1onA
Some feeders atm q naalntsnsncs
ration only during the winter season
and depend for profit during the
summer. Others fssd for growth or
production during the winter.
In tho maintenance ration thers -
no profit or no gain during the winter
and the feed II consumed In keeping
the animal alive.
II q feed u used that contains an
excess OF carbonaceous matter the ex.
cess practically IL wasted. Upon the
other hand II IN sxcsss Of protein u
contained In the feed this sxcsss -
wasted.
Generally speaking the fesds pro-
duced on the farm contain IN excsss
Of carbonaceous matter and Il be-
comes necessary to use some Of the
concentrates to balance.
Corn hAssa nutrttive ratio Of ] 70 ..
wheat and oats have ., nutritivs ratio
OF near to 8. buckwhsat has . nutri-
tive ratio OF to I.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
THE DEsrnuo11vE Willow sIua

1901 w
The foliage Of our Willows u soiue-
times more or less injured by eAw
Fly larvae, or false caterpillars'
which eat the leaves. Even the
laurel-leavsd willow. which, happily.
il not so much subject to insect At
tack as some other varieties y not
exempt.
These false catsrpillars. differing
from the true caterpillars In having
from twelve to sixteen heshy pro-lsgs
in addition to their true six legs, are
four-winSed dies. not ordinarily
noticed BY the casual observer.
The larva Of this insect has . habit
Of curling up on the leaf. It n
grsenish or pale yellowish. with .
black stripe down the hcck. They
also have the power. It said. Of
e1ecting an acid mud from porea in
their skin. When full grown they
spin q papery cocoon. changing With
in to pupae. and emerging later ~
four winged fiies. The American
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
THE IDEAL HORSE STABLE.

A well-known stockman says: Thl
ideal stable should have the horse fac
ing north to obtain m even tsmpeta~
ture. It should not be too large % that
you keep tho animal heat under com
troll. and not have stable temperature
either materially raised or lowered
when half . dossn animals are either
taken out or brought In.
The ventilation should b perfect
and 20 strong ~ possible up 70 the
Ubiquitous draftpoint. Let the ceiling
be ~ high % convenient and II the
wise builder has left an inch or 10
open around the upper sdSs. whsrs
tho stablemsn can not stop Il up nll
tho better.
No matter whore the ventilation
comes from. ret IL and hsre comes In
tho weak link. the uncomfortable desire
Of the stablsmsn to keep the place
much too hot nsslecting the horse for
the comfort and convenisucs Of the
humans.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
NOTES OF THE POULTRY YARD.

b. : :
Do not try to force nature. In
fitting young fries for the market
give the chicks proper food. plenty
OF room. cfean quarters, freedom,
from lice and nature will do the rest.
Pennsylvania CORRESPONDENT who
raised 500 chickens last year says
they are the best potato-bug traps
he ever used except ducks which can
not be beaten for this purpose.
Sow a patch Of cow peas near the
poultry yard. Do not harvest tho
peas when ripe but turn the hens
into them when the green grass dis
appears end they will thrive upon
them.
Summer selection should be kept up
until the fowls are fully grown. Dis
pose Of every little runt that shows
up. because they are not worth keep
ing.
Do not wait until the broody fever
hen becomes chronic but DISCOURAGE
her as soon as she shows signs OF IL.
II isn't necessary to use an axe or
club or cold water or any such
things to break her up. She Is only
obeying the call Of nature.
Put her In small yard with plenty
Of grass in 1t. Provide good shade
and keep her In the open air all day.
Feed no corn but sparingly Of some
other cooling food and keep plenty
Of cool water before her all the time.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
THE LNFL UENCE or. A POOR SIRE
Types Of Horses That Are Bred Our
Is Of the Greatest Importance TO Every Farmer

The wisconsin law compels stallion
owners to furnish pedigrses and OBJ
tain licenses for their horses before
they can be used for public service.
Minnesota has an excellent law based
on the Wisconsin measure. The lows
law provides that pure-bred stations
must be licensed. and makes the own
or Of each non-registered stallion de-
clare his horse grade" on hand
bills and all other Advertising matter.
Pennsylvania and Utah have adopted
similar laws.
Canada has very good laws for the
protection Of breeders and the
French government. for over 100
years. have maintained stables OF
selected, sound. pure-bred stations
for breeding purposes.
Tho best stations in France are an
and since 1855 all stations not COM
Ing In special classes have been ex-
Guided from public service. Bonuses
are paid stallion owners to induce
them to keep their animals In the
country for use by owners Of mares.
The Belgium government maintains
great rse-breeding esta blishment
and aids the registration society by TN
annual gift Of $1,000 ana appropriates
over $4,000 year to encourage tho
breeding OF good horses. Germany.
which has fine horses, also encourages
the industry by large cash premiums.
and grade sires have no standing
among the farmers Of that country.
What is needed in this country Is
the uniform law defining standards In
every State and liberal appropriations
from the federal treasury to en-
courage and promote tho breeding of
good horses. The government has
esta blished small Buckingham in
Colorado, for the purpose Of improv-
Ing types Of the animals used in the
army, but what is most needed 10 the
Improvement In the types OF horsez
that are bred on tho farms.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

The fact that the sire Is concerned
with % many more individual of
sprins IN given season than single
mare. It win readily be seen that lis
influence Is much more extensive: To
improve the horse stock Of given
community through the female line
for instance. would require the use Of
50 or more superior mares to accom-
plish the Same results as might be
secured by tho use Of single stallion.
Purity Of breeding insures prepo-
tency and since. in the grading-up
process the pure-bred parent is usual
~ the sire. It IL essential that he be
Of such q character that the impress
sion which he stamps upon his on
spring shall be only OF the best.
Defects in structure cannot be on
set by type or breeding Of the highest
degree Of excellency. A horse may
be q superior individual in a class
by himself. but he must conform
closely to the specified requirements
OF the type with which he should
class.
The influence OF we'll bred sires in
observing the horses used in the fields.
on the road and particularly In the
horse markets Of the cities.
Certain States that have paid at
tention to horse breeding. now pro-
duce animals that can almost be told
at a glance by dealers. without know
ing in advance where they came from.
30 superior is their quality. Other
States have exactly the reverse repu-
tation and as soon as a lot Is an
nounced as coming from such State.
dealers will desert the sale ring.
Horses coming from such localities
where farmers are averse to paying q
decent service-fee, but prefer to use
scrubs. are Of poor type. vary widely
In color. form. size. and weight, and
possess few qualities which fit them
for long and useful service.
Naturally such horses do not pay.
They bring the lowest prices in the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
LITTLE PORK IN CLOVER
BLOSSOMS.

Glover IS the greatest pasture fol
hogs-provided it Is not allowed to
mature. Glover should be young to
make pigs thrive at top notch.
The clover blossom Is very pretty
flower but 1t is about as much out OF
place in the hog pasture as rose
bush in the corn field.
While most farmers recognize that
red clover is an admirable food fol
swine, few of them. comparatively. un-
derstand how to utilize q clover pas
ture for hogs. We mako this asser-
ton in view Of the fact that clover
is. in many instances. allowed to bios
som in the field devoted to hog-graz-
ing.
If the reader will bear IN mind foE
q moment that tho purpose Of every
plant is to flower and "go to seed" he
will understand that when the flower
and the seed have formed in success
sion, the seasons work Of the plant
Is practically over and plant growth
gives place to plant ripening. and de-
cay.
'soon ripe soon rotten" Is an old
saying and It indicates what we nave
in mind In this discussion.
What we are after in pasturing hogs
on clover Is feed not posies. II the
clover plants are allowed to ripen the
food-producing capacity OF the plant
is reduced.
II, on the other hand. the plants
can be prevented from blossoming to
any great degree, they Keep trying to
blossom right along. provided sufficient
rains descend and In doing 80 the hogs
are fed.
In districts whore clover luxuriates.
and we fnd such places In many parts
Of the country. swine Of the right age
may be pastured upon this green food
from about June right up to early fall.
should timely rains maintain q steady
growth Of the clover plant.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
Rnfrsnms THAT

Corn planted upon land which has
long been IN corn 10 likely 60 suRsI
from the attacks Of corn root lice.
Corn planted on land recently IN
sod II likely 70 suffsr from attacks Of
white grubs, wire worms and cut
worms.
Corn must not follow corn when the
corn root-wor7u n abundant.
Corn planted on clover sod. wheat
stubbls, oat stubble. cowpsa or soy
bean land. unless too recently ont Of
Grass sod 10 likely to be -absolutely
free from serious insect attack.
Corn success - due In great measurs
20 proper variety selection.
.-Dr. Z. J. Header.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
The BEAUTIFUL AND
USEFUL JERSEY COW

Z Possibly no class Of cattle appeals
more strongly to the majority Of peo-
pie than the Jersey. Its gentlenesa
and pretty fawn color. ana the deer
like appearance OF tho young calves,
takes strong hold on the sentiment
Of people, farmers as we'll as others.
The Jersey is easily kept and while
her flow Of milk II not al large as that
Of some other breeds. It makes up in
richness and quality The conforma-
ton OF the Jersey Is lean and muscu-
lar. and represents the two dairy
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
Jersey Afilch-Cow Owned by A. o.
Austin, Jerseyville, Illinois.

SAsAoSAAss VOASCJ VAAAOs AAAAAkOASs
types. Well bred Jerseys have q thin
skin. elaatic and nne to touch, and
covered with a thick coat of soft hair.
Its back should be strong, straight
and not sag; and the ribs. as in all
dairy cows, should be we'll sprung,
giving large bread-basket. The hips
should be broad and long and the
thighs thin. muscular and set wide
apart.
The udder is Of fairly good size, al
though not as large as those Of the
Holstein and other breeds. The teats
should be large and we'll placed. The
weight Of the average Jersey COW is
about 500 pounds.
Among the famous breeds that have
made name for themselves in Amer
lea are st. Lambert. Golden Lad, OK
ford. Tormen:or and Coo Massie. Jer-
sey cattle live a long time, and there
are many bulls in this country that
have been in active service for Is or
20 years.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

To cure caked udder in a COW, melt
lard one part and mix with kerosene
three parts. Be sure to mix thor.
oughly and apply warm. Rub well.
Apply three or four times, or until the
swelling Is gone. This plan has al
ways been very successful with me-
e. w. Kellog. Bedford. Ohio.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

market. their life Of usefulness il
short. they are not pleasing to the eye.
often vicious and untractable and
most important Of all IL. It costs Just
az much to feed and care for one OF
these miserable scrubs as It does to
feed and care for pure-bred.
So important has been the influence
Of scrub sires In some States that the
legislatures have been prevaileu upon
to pass laws to improve the situation.
Wisconsin was the nrst to pass .
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
ALWAYS KEEP The
LAWN WELL ROLLED

The labyrinth Of tunnels construct.
ed by the mole serves - passaSsways
for several species OF mice and othef
small mammals not favored by nature,
with the means OF digging rdnways Of
their own. TO these alone Z due the
credit for most OF the damage to
assds. roots. and tubars encountarsd
In tho soil. and not to the mole hiin-
self. .p,ya
while the mole seeks out the higher
and dryer spots Tor his home and
his highways. he hunts preferably n
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

Of the ~agon swung open and the
squirrels swaFmed into It. The driver
was badly scratched upon his head.
face, and hands, and after the battle
was over. dozens &. the animals were
discovered in the trees near by. calm
ly munching chunks Of bread. pies
and cake.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
FOR POULTRY SUCCESS.

FOR POULTRY SUCCESS.
The health Of the chickens is effect
ed by poor drainage In the poultry
yards. $50
The main thing in feeding for eggs
when prices are high. is warm place
for the hens to roost.
Scaly leg may be cured BY two or
three applications Of kerosene.
The beginner with an incubator viii
do we'll to follow instructions closely
and not do any experimenting.
If you expect to have good healthy
poultry, the drinking pans must not
be neglected. They must be clean. ;,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

When the mothers milk cannot be
used for her calf. try to get the milk
from q cow with q calf as old as the
one you are feeding on the bottle, al
the milk of cow In the seventh OF
eighth month Of her period Of lacta-
ton = bad for very young calf.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
IMPORTANCE OF TESTING SEED
CORN.

An increased yield Of corn can be
secured by testing each ear before
planting and rejecting those ears that
do not terminate or show lack OF
vigor or vitality. It Is not such q
tedious and difficult task to test each
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

Climbsx II the big9est saw Fly we
have resembling somewhat . hornet
In sise and gsnsral appearance. Tho
ezra are laid IN the tissus Of the laaf.
Il sfssots, slms and some other trses
a. well 40 the willow. HI
readily 10 arsenical poisona A weak
combination Of Parts green and water.
OF. better arssnats pf iead and water.
applied to the leaves viii kill thsdA.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

Wheat bran. cotton seed meal and
oil meal, all are much richer in both
protein and mineral matter than the
whole grain. The protein and mineral
matter contained in them make these
feed stufss valuable for both mich
cows and young growing animals-A
]. Legg.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06
A soUIRREL-P1E STORY.

A story comes from one Of the East
ern States to the effect that about
100 squirrels raided bakers wagon
while driving along country road.
and before they were driven on.
number were killed. and all the bread,
cake and pies were spoiled. The door
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1911-05-06

ture OF the Shire breed IS missing
from the horses legs.
law Of this kind. When 1t was before
the legislature 1t was disclosed that
there were 1874 stations known as
grades used for public service In the
State, while there were but 1926
pure-bred stations in service.
OF the alleged grade stations.
1876 were Of unknown breeding and
"a mixed breeding. and considering
the fact that many owners failed to
take out licenses for their horses. 1t
was assumed that the total number Of
these scrub stations in this State
alone, reached 1000.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1911-04-12
A SPRING POEM.

The Muse Breaks Loose in q Season
able and Inspiring Efgusion.
o, springtime is coming. Hooray
for the spring! The wild geese are
honking and the eardrums doth
ring. The violet is blooming, and
the trees are awake, and you feel
every bone in the catalogue ache.
The March wind is signing in yon
budding trees, and rheumatics have
settled in both of your knees. The
thin ice has melted away from the
rills, and mankind is stricken with
fever and chills, and eateth up bun
dies of powder and pills and curseth
this life when he looks at the bills.
The daffodils lift up their heads to
the breeze, and the rest of us lift up
our thought tanks and sneeze; the
bluebirds are trilling with vigor, you
bet, and meanwhile our food works
are badly upset. The sun fingers
longer out there in the west, and
worse grows the pain in front of the
chest, and the larynx gets sore from
the cyclonic hack and there's ten
dozen pains in the small of the back.
Yes, springtime is with us. Hooray
for the spring! The wild geese are
honking, and the eardrums doth
ring.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1911-04-12
WOMAN is ELECTED MAYOR.
Mrs. Ella Wilson Is Going to Clean
Up Hunnewen, Kan.

Mrs. Ella Wilson Is Going to Clean
Up Hunnewen, Kan.
Mrs. Ella Wilson is now mayor of
Hunnewell, Kan.
AT the city election Tuesday she
and o. M. Akers were tied for the
office. 1t was arranged that the two
candidates draw lots for the office.
But that did not appeal to the male
voters. They said if Mrs. Wilson
could race man to a tie she ought
to have the office. Therefore the
judges of the election declared her
elected.
Now she says she is going to clean
up Hunnewell.
In her campaign speeches she de-
clared the town was harboring boot
leggers, and that the pool halls were
being run contrary to law. She pro-
poses to correct these alleged infrac-
tions of the statutes.
There were women candidates for
the city council, and woman ran for
police judge, too, but all of them
were defeated. The women centered
their efforts on the election of Mrs.
Wilson.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1911-04-12
BEATS KINGS BLACKB1RD PIE.
New York Millionaire Had Frogs,
Lizards, Cat and Other Things.

The old nursery rhyme runs to the
effect that -four and twenty black
birds were baked in pie, and that
when the pie was opened the birds
began to sing and wasn't that a
dainty dish to set before a king?"
Mother Goose, however, has been
beaten at pie making. A young mil
lionaire of New York has done it,
He had dozen guests at dinner the
other evening. When his pie was
opened there came out hop-toad, a
Lizard and number of other hop
ping and crawling and squirming
things, one for each of the guests to
take home as a souvenir.