davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

of baking on that night cake for every mem
Der of the family. Centuries ago 1t was the
practice to ring the church bells all night, but
King Henry VIII. of England put 3 stop to that.
In the United States at the present time
there is comparatively little thought given to
the history of Halloween in connection with
its twentieth century observance. Today 1t is
above ali else an occasion for sport and trol1cs
and feasting In various forms The customs
which were once ceremonies of belief are now
observed In jest. Particularly Is this the case
with respect to the matrimonial forecasts but
naturally interest in these methods of learning
fate's verdict Is not lessened by the knowledge
that the same expedents were employed IN
deadly earnest by the bellies of several hun
dred years ago. The roasting OF nuts Is
time-honored Halloween practice and many or
the ruses for learning fate's decree in the
matter of matrimony are identified with this
feature. Inquisitive maidens wont to place
a number of nuts, each bearing the name OF
lover on the bars of CRATE among the embers.
According to the ritual If nut cracks or
jumps the lover will prove unfaithfal, where
as If 1t begins to blaze or burn he has regard
for the person making the trial II the nut
burns quietly and brightly especial sincerity
of affection is indicated. Similarly, If the nuts
named after girl and her lover burn together
an early wedding may be looked for.
Apples, next to nuts, are the favorite veni-
Giles for discovering on Halloween the inten-
tons OF Cupid. Indeed. at the present time
perhaps the best known and most generally
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

cptimist must go out alone and unperceived
with handful of hemp seed which he sows.
the while repeating Hemp seed. SOW thee
and her that is to be my true love come after
me and pull thee" Whereat upon looking
over his left shoulder he ought to see like
ness OF his future sweetheart pulling the fresh
ly sowed seed. If the experimenter sees moth
Ing he must perforce conclude that he Is never
to marry or else that he has not followed di-
rections explicitly enough In his test
There has been increasing appreciation dur
Ing recent years on the part of hostesses OF
all ages that Haiowe'en-a night of laughter
and jollity and mystery-affords a most de-
lightful opportunity for entertaining in
unique way The quaint conceits in the amuse-
ment line which have already been improvised
for this mystic occasion prove how inviting is
this field for individual ingenuity. Halloween
has become especially popular at the schools
and colleges of the country. 1t is a brief sea-
son given over to the pranks of the students,
and each student body tries TO Guido the others
and at the same time suTpass the exploits OF
Its predecessors. Particularly at the boarding
schools for girls and at womens colleges is
there a, fantastic observance of Halloween.
The invitations to a Halloween party must
above all else have the requisite Of novelty.
The wording may hint of dark secrets to be un-
folded, and as symbols of the occasion there
are representations of witches riding brooms.
blinking owls, broad-winged mats. or pump
kins For decorative purposes nature provides
hued material such as cornstalks. pumpkins,
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20
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gsEexsSSsy aafGR1
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HTl ~ W -
ATE RATS AND LIKED THEM
Fall Of Port Hudson Followed Close on
That Of vlcksbure-Was Outlet
for Commerce.

The second great siege of the Civil
var was followed closely. Scarcely
had the forests ceased to echo to the
tread of Grants legions In the rear Of
Vicksburg when another Federal host
under General Banks suddenly appear
ed on the banks of the Mississippi
near Port Hudson, some miles south of
the doomed city. Like phantom shapes
the federal troops crept toward the
garrison wherein were General Card
ner and his warriors of the Confeder-
acy guarding this important key to the
Mississippi and the gulf.
Port Hudson in antebellum days was,
Insignificant in Importance, being only
river landing for cargoes of cotton
from surrounding plantations In Louis
lana. At the landing there were few
crude dwellings. Here the Confed-
crates had thrown up Notifications
from which they could guard the
mighty outlet for the commerce of the
north and west
This siege also lasted six weeks.
Until four days after the surrender OF
Vicksburg General Gardner was encir-
cled by the cleaning bayonets and
cannon of Banks He could neither es-
cape nor could succor reach him. Still
the Confederates fought and slept
while the summer sun sent down Its
heated rays upon the worn figures in
gray until 1t seemed impossible to
withstand another days bombardment
and fatio,1a Tho rauk and fla lay down
on their rude beds to gasp throughout
the night for breath of cool air.
Without the entertainments the in
vaders from the highlands of the north
suffered the torments of an inferno.
A dense mist was arising constantly
from the marshy land and the fever
infested swamps, Day after day scores
of soldiers were carried to the hos
pitfalls. Assault after assault was de-
livered on the Confederate works. but
each was sturdily and bloodily re-
pulsed until it seemed that the post
would never surrender. In the center
of the fort was a flour mill. which was
federates and this became the special
target for the Federal gunners.
1t was late in June when a thunder
ing cheer sounded through the fed
eral ranks as a shot struck the build
ing. The gunners watched the mill in
tently. Confederates were seen run
ming about the Enclosure with pals.
kegs and whatever else would serve to
carry water. A slender thread of flame
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

leaped from the building and quickly
swept over the structure. Then a burst
of Joy resounded from the Federal
troops. The mill was on fire! Soon
the building was consumed and the
federals had gained another step to-
ward the capture Of the coveted post.
Meat had early given out within the
garrison at Port Hudson and, like the
soldiers at Vicksburg, the Confederates
began to cook and eat their mules and
horses. A diary kept by one of the
besieged warriors records the follow
ing: Many of the men, as If In mock
cry of famine, caught rats and ate
them, declaring that they were better
than squirrels"
Throughout the siege the night had
been made brilliant by the constant
storm of shells that crashed from the
Union guns and arched through the
heavens, to drop with laundering
detonation in the garrison. 1t was
three nights after independence day.
The cannonade trebled in intensity.
In a lull of the roar cheers were heard
In Banks camp
"vicksburg has surrendered" wan
the startling news that was waited
across the battle-scarred entrench.
mentg
What! vicksburg, the impregnabie,
surrender? Never!" But the news
was confirmed when federal picket
pushed a copy of the message Banks
mad received over to his opposing
picket
Hope was now gone The courageous
men of the garrison. realizing that their
struggles were futile against the forces
arrayed before them. The white flag
was slowly unfurled over Port Hud-
ION and the defenders of the post 40
,epted the hospitality Of their foe.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

chickweed, watercress or lettuce. A
lump of sugar should always be KEEP,
between the cage wires within easy
reach.
Always give a canary bath the
first thing In the morning. After
cleaning the bottom of the cage should
be sprinkled with gravel and sand (not
sand from the seashore, as the salt
will kill the bird).
Never hang the cage In draft o,
stiff breeze, as canaries are vers
susceptible to cold. Neither should Il
remain uncovered in lighted room
at night, as the birds song Is liabl'
TO become impaired.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

over to war, with a population less
ferocious, less fanatical than that Of
Fee or Mekinez, Morocco City has
been much more frequently visited by
Europeans than its northern rivals.
Geographically, Morocco City Is the
real gateway to the Sahara. By the
famous Glawi pass one road climbs
over the Atlas to Tablet, and the car
AVIAN route continues to Timbuktu- A
second road descends to the Draa
crossing the Atlas chain, while third
leads to Tarudant and the Sus coun-
try. Close communication with the
south has left its mark upon the peo-
pie. who are darger and show more
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20
Famous Old Morocco City

ruined edifices surviving from the days
when the city had 100000 inhabitants
and was one of the world capitals OF
Islam, are the most considerable and
magnificent In Morocco. Equally beau
tiful is the site of this city In the up
per valley of the Tenesift river, sur
rounded In q half circle by the great
wall OF the grand Atlas mountains
whose snow-clad peaks are seen be-
yond a foreground of large farms and
fertile fields. A city far less given
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20
Care Of Canaries.

In selecting a canary one of the
cross-breeds, pure canary wit6 strain
of goldfinch or bullfnch, Is the best
to choose, as they are much harder
than the pure canary and have splen-
did voices The best food for canaries
is canary and rape seed. one part of
rape to three of canary. From April
to September they should have lit
tie fresh green food every day, either
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20
Was In Its Day One of the World
Capitals of Islam and Still In
ssresting to Europeans.

Morocco City, the capital OF the
southern half of the Moroccan king
dom. is far more interesting city
than Fee. says the New York sun.
Architecturally its monuments, includ-
ing the famous Kutubia tower, the
counterpart of the Giralda in Seville
the famous mosque of Muley Abdaiiah
and n hundred other ruined or semi
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20

than the Berbers and Arabs OF the
nora
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1911-10-20


folks the first break in the school year. With
al, its festivities are for the most part reserved
for the period after nightfall, SO that even the
individuals who are occupied during the day
may participate
The festival Of the night of October 81 Is In
It's origin and traditions one of the most pic
turesque which now finds observance in this
country. 1t has number Of different designa-
tons, among which Halloween, All Halow
Even, Nutcrack Night and Snap Apple Night.
IL derives 1t most common name, however. as
the eve or vigil of All Saints or All Hallows
Day November u. From time out of mind
this has been heralded as a night when
witches, devils and other michief makers are
abroad on their baneful midnight errands,
while the fairies supposed to hold on that
night grand anniversary.
TO accept the spirit of the season the de-
voice of Halloween must concede that on no
other night of the year do such supernatural
influences prevail as after dark on the closing
day OF October. According to ancient beliefs
the spirits of the dead then wander about and
In some instances the spirits of living persons
are supposed to have the temporary power to
leave their bodies and join the ghostly throng.
Especially gifted with the power to converse
with airy visitants are persons who have had
the good fortune to be born on October 81.
out other folks, also, tradition hath 1t, may be
warned or advised by the elves
For all that such awesome doing are at
trfbuted to the mysterious spirits that are
abroad on Halloween these supernatural be-
1ngs cannot be altogether Ill natured, since
they are willing without fee or reward, and on
the condition of the performance of very SIM
pie ceremony, to disclose to any curious young
man or woman most interesting particulars
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
COTTON SHOWS
 ASTEADY TONE
Bearish Crop Report Made
 In Anticipation of Gov ernment Figures

New York May 31.-While a very bear ish private crop report was published to- day in an effort to foreshadow the pros- able showing of the governments figures next Friday, the cotton market showed a generally steady tone owing to better cables than due and the bullish weekly re- port of the weather bureau, with the close very steady at a net advance of s to 20 points.
 The market opened steady at a decline of point on May. but generally 2 to 6 points higher in response to steady cables and covering by pre-holiday sellers. Early advance indicated that there had been good rains in south Texas, where drought had ben complained of but official reports showed no very important precipitation, and the market worked up to a net adS vance of about to points shortly after the opening. The eastern belt forecast for showers in the Carolinas and a private crop report indicating an increase of 8 per cent in acreage and making the con- dition ss.3 per cent, against S2 per cent as the official conditions last year, in- spired a little selling around midday un- der which prices reacted or 1 points from the best. Leading bull brokers were aggressive buyers on this backset, how ever, and following the publication of the weekly weather report claiming that rain was needed in almost all sections of the belt, the market went into new high ground for the day on renewed covering, bull support and buyinssby spot people. The close was within a point or two of the best
 Weather reports published during the day confirmed to some extent the private reports of rains m the north Texas and Oklahoma, but the precipitation seemed to have been limited and the showing of the weekly bureau seemd to revive appre- hensions as to the progress of the crop, particularly in the Carolinas. Moreover, 1t seemed that some of the covering was due to a feeling that the market has just about discounted a favorable gov ernment condition report next Friday around the 13c level. and recent sellers seemed more disposed to cover their con tracts than to carry them further forward considering the slight influence exerted by the bearish private reports.
 Receipts today, 4555 bales, against 6762 last week and 325S last year. For the week, S5, 900 bales, against 1,159 last week and 41,743 last year. Today's receipts at New Orleans, 2l06 bales, against 1S47 last year, and at Houston 356 bales, against 570 last year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
TEXAS COTTON |NF|NE SHAPE

San Antonio, Tex, May 31.-tSpeciai)- With the cotton area throughout the en- tire state of Texas more than per cent greater than it was last year, and the condition of the crop 92, compared with 90 one year ago, farmers are Joking for ward to an era of prosperity greater than has been experienced in this state for 10 years The crop last year, although scant in many localities, returned several hundred million dollars to the farmers of the state It was this handsome return that started so many improvements in the rural districts, including good roads, bet ter homes and preparations for a. wider agricultural area. Anticipating profits from this years effort, almost every rural community is preparing to vote bonds or planning direct taxation for road pur- poses. This phase of prosperity is partic- ularly marked in those sections where cotton is the principal crop. One farmer put the situation briefly when he said: More cotton and better roads constitute the hope of the Texas farmer"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
Hubbard Bros. & Co.'s Letter

New York, May 91.-(Special) )-With the approach of the day for the bureau re- port, the market has recovered from the depression of last week due to the belief that the recent rainfall In Texas ana ln Oklahoma came after the date upon which the report was compiled, therefore a rather bulish document might be ex- peeted In a quiet market the advance extended to some 13 points and leads the trade to expect a further improvement here and Liverpool tomorrow. Private accounts continue to 'repot an excellent condition of the crop excepting Ill ,le carolinas. where rain Is badly needed. The government predicts showers and local rains over that section tonight and Thursday. Nearby positions were fairly well supported by the slow covering or the short interest.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
BOOM RUSSELL
 FOR GOVERNOR

Atlanta, May 31.-(Special.) )-Of course it is a little too early in the game to put it too prominently on that basis, but it is generally taken for granted that the birthday dinner given him by his friends here on Saturday night really
 marks the launching of Judge "Dck' Russell's boom for governor. "I have an ambition to be governor of Georgia" is Judge Russell's present po- litical platform, and his friends knowing that, naturally feel desire to help 1t
 along.
 The occasion of his 50th birthday fur
 little boost, and so they gave him sur
 prise dinner to which number of prom
 inent Georgians, friends of Judge Rus
 sell, from various sections of the state,
 were invited. The judge had just re-
 turned from Minneapolis, and knew noth- ing about the arrangements, so he was taken completely by surprise. The lid was taken off and the speakers given carte blanche to go as far as they liked, but the newspaper men were eau tioned to use discretion which they did Judge Russell, it seems, does not wish 1t to get out that he is a candidate for governor right now. He says he is de- voting his entire attention to his work
 on the court of appeals bench, and is giv- ing no thought to matters political in other lines. . Further than saying that he has an am-
 bltion to be governor at some future
 date, Judge Russell has mace no public expression of his purposes and intentions, but his friends say that all he wants Is
 an opening, and that is what he is wait ing for. When it comes, they assert, he will be right there ready to leap into the breach.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
FEATURELESSD DAY ON MORRIS AVENUE Chief Receipt Yesterday Was a Car of Cullman
 Berries

Wednesday was rather a featureless day on Morris avenue. Business was only fair and receipts numbered below the average, the only notable shipment being a car load of strawberries from Cullman. Up to the present time farm CTS have received fancy prices for strawberries. and 1t looks as though the demand would hold good throughout the remaining part of the season. Only a few sales have been made to the re- tall merchants at price less than s2 per crate.
 Watermelons are getting scarce on the avenue, but quite a heavy ship ment is expected to arrive within the next day or two. Melons are in good demand and are selling for 30 and 40 cents each. -
 Twelve cents per pound-is is the domi- nant price for hens. but there is scarce ly any demand for the older fowl. Spring chickens are being grappled at steadily wherever there are any to be found, but the supply is scant and ship ments are coming In very slowly.
 Quotations were not affected any yes- terday, the following list prevailing:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
POSTAL CLERKS
 RAP ROOSEVELT

San Francisco May S1.-A ruling made by President Roosevelt in 1905 and de- scribed as providing for the dismissal of any government employe at the request of the head of his department, was de- nounced yesterday at the seventh an nual state convention of the United In- ternational Association of Postal Clerks I A resolution protesting against the en- forcement of any order which would de prive men of the right of free speech and the right of petition for redress of theii grievances was adopted unanimously
 Other resolutions advocated the installa. ton of a parcels post system and pro- tested against the adoption of the 1-cenl postal rate.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
New Orleans Cotton Market

New Orleans, May 31.-Cotton futures opened quiet, points up on the old crop
 months and unchanged to point down on the new Liverpool was slightly better than due. The weather map was
 generally called unfavorable since it showed hot and dry weather nearly everywhere in the cotton belt with the
 exception of Oklahoma, north Texas and North Carolina, where light showers were indicated. As a rule the showers appeared to be tool fight to be bene- ficial. There was little cotton for sale and on a moderate demand for both ac- counts prices run until at the end of the first half hour of business the list was to points over yesterdays close.
 The market did not have much life until the weekly report that the weather bureau were read out Co the ring Prices then suddenly stiffened as much mention was made of high temperatures and drouth, which were
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-01
..D|R. DRESAFUSION { IEAQ)CK MARKET fuctuated With Con- siderable Violence and
 Trading Active

New York, May S1.-Prices of stocks fluctuated with considerable violence to- day and trading was more active and ex- time. The decision of the supreme court in the American Tobacco case and the ex- tension of the "open market in steel and iron, both of which became known after the close of business Monday, resulted in much confusion and sharp conflict of speculative opinion. The market opened with general gains except for United States Steel and the coppers, wherein it followed the pace set by London. Wig orous enslaughts. which were directed with particular severity against United States Steel, quickly caused a reversal. and before trading was well under way bear sentiment was predominant. Severe losses were sustained through the list 2 The sensational fluctuations of the day . were in American Tobacco common on the "curb.' The stock broke rapidly after the first transaction, falling 10 points or more between sales, until 1t mad lost s2 points from its opening quotation of 5oo
 Later in the day it rallied to 435. The preferred stock, which IS traded on the stock exchange, declined 51s, and the b per cent bonds points to 103. The break in price of American Tobacco bonds was due to the belief that they might be re- deemed at par, in connection with the dis solution of the tobacco combination as ordered py the courts. For the same reason there was a temporary rise of S1a points in the per cent bonds to 9919. United States Steel gave way points under the persistent pressure The whole list fell back swiftly as the selling move ment gathered volume. and large blocks of stock were thrown on the market.
 Reading and Amalgamated Copper lost points, and almost all of the other active stocks from 1 to points. No effective support was offered until late in the day, when short covering and the buying of long stock at the lower prices caused a sharp recovery.
 AS to the latest developments in the steel trade it is general recognized that business is in more or less chaotic state, and that the situation as a whole Is not likely to be benefited by the congressional investigation now under way. On the other hand. it is not thought that the all around cut in prices will lead to any such amount of competition as followed the re- duced schedule in the early part of 1909.
 Union Pacific's early strength was as- sociated with the successful Notation of the $25, GOO bond issues of a subsidiary, which was over-subscribed both here and in London, where a part of the issue was offered. Strength of the Hill stocks in the late trading was concurrent with the announcement of plans for new financ- ing on large scale.
 Bonds were easy Blocks of s100,000 to s2500O0 of various issues were sold. Total sales. par value, s4,eS0,0o0. United States bonds were unchanged on call.