The Holbrook news., 1911-11-24

white wand two feet long in their hands.
 Even in those early days the possi bility of infection from animals was realized, although there is no evidence of any campaign against rats. It was against domestic animals that precau- tions were directed most severely, no dogs evidently were regarded as a source of danger. One part of the plague order reads:
 That all persons having any dogs in their house. other than hounds. spaniels or mastiffs, necessary for the houses, should forthwith convey them out of the city or cause them to be killed and carried out of the city and buried at the common laystall."
 Through all the visits of the pesti- lence dogs were the objects of special attention Right up to the last the dog clause was found in the plague orders. and by an order of 1863 cats also seem to have come under suspi- cion. While some of the pestilence spread all over the country, others were confined almost entirely to Lon- don. From the latter the Londoner. if he had the means. might attempt to escape-if he were allowed. Certain of the authorities had no idea of spreading the plague any further afield than could be helped, and Queen Elizabeth. fo- one. would not allow any emigration into the country.
 Precautions Taken at Windsor.
 At the time of the plague of 1863 "a gallows was set up in the market place of Windsor to hang all such as should come there from London" No wares could be brought into Windsor, or even through the town; any one who tried to bring goods by river did so upon pain of hanging without any judgment. and those who received such goods were turned out and their houses shut up
 Thus 1t will, be seen hat those af- ficted simply had to stay shut up within doors to die or get well. as for tune served them. Even for those who could afford 1t there was little in the way of medical attention to be had
 There were the pest houses, cer- tainly. and there evidently surgeons and physicians did their best for the victims. One of these. William King, surgeon to the pest house, is heard of as petitioning for a pension in 1911 on account of This great care and dili- | gence in curing such persons as have been sent thither" Because he had | L patients would employ him. and he Gin scarcely have been recompensed | properly for the loss of his practice | by grant of 6 per annum.
 Cholera In Russia.
 According to recent reports received at the French ministry of the interior. cholera is finding its way from Russia | to France, a condition of things re- sponsible for considerable anxiety. Russia is particularly plagued by the dread disease. as well as by others chiefly. it is argued, because of the in sanitary, overcrowded lodgings of the poor, and the average peasants indif- ferent food It Is pointed out, for ex- ample, that in certain of the small eating houses of the capital and of Moscow a number of people will eat out of the same dish. while some of the lodging houses frequented at night by those who can afford to pay but a few ha'pence for accommodation are dirty in the extreme-as foul, that is to say, as the clothes of their inmates. The working classes, 1t may be noted, live on cabbage soup, sour rye-bread, sour cucumbers and sour milk. The looked upon as something of a luxury-in the towns at all events. There were 216.091 cases of cholera in Russia last year; and Of these 101. .002 were fatal