davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1911-10-22

DEFORE This Session of
l. United States Supreme
Court - Great Test Case,
Watched the Country Over,
Will Decide Whether People
of States Can Pass Laws
Over the Heads of Legisla-
tures-Decision Will Be Inn
portant Factor in Next Cam
paign Nine States Have
Already Adopted 1t and
Eight Others at Work on 1t
Grounds on Which 1t is
Attacked and Defended -
Great Array of Counsel on
Both Sides-System Is Gain
ing Headway Even in the
East.
BY JOHN ELEEETH WATKINS
Evening star., 1911-10-22

He. tree doctor
has been busy on
Capitol Hf1l-
In the shadow
OF the big dome.
We're trees an
cient. as We in
the new world
count time. and
honorable from
their traditions
and early asso-
cations with the
Evening star., 1911-10-22

any rate. with both his brothers-in-law w
out of the way, il would have been easy
for him to raise money on his expecta-
tions.
Countess Ronilser IS still madly infatu-
ated with her husband. While he was
awaiting trial he feigned madness, and
she succeeded in having him sent to a
lunatic asylum. Her plan was to bribe
the attendants TO let him escape and take
him to America. but the doctors de- ided
after couple of wee IS that he was quite
sane and sent him back to prison 1t is
said that she now proposes 20 wait until
he has served his term in prison and
then follow him to Siberia.
Evening star., 1911-10-22

great and more or less ROod-treeS
that were showing the effects of time
end disease. and fastening, it was
feared. TO an untimely and deplored
end
But conservation has not been
preached to the world without result.
The love of nature has not failed TO
implant itself in the human breast.
Therefore the trees around the Gag
Evening star., 1911-10-22

lature never adjourns. They hold. fur
thermore, that Oregon was admitted to
the Union upon condition that its gov
ernment and constitution should be re-
publican in form and in conformity with
the Constitution OF the United States:
but that the initiative and referendum
system is I'm violation of a republican
form OF government, which the Consti-
tuition guarantees to every state.
The attorneys for the state will as en-
phatically argue that under the initia-
tive and referendum method of legisla-
tion the representative feature of the old
system of government still remains the
effect OF the new method being only to
retain in the mass of electors or voters
larger share of legislative power than
heretofore
1t will be the first time that the con-
stitutionality of this method of legisla-
ton has come before the Supreme Court
The tax which the telephone and tele-
graph company seeks to recover is but
the smallest consideration involved. An
adverse decision of the court would turn
Legislative matters tOpSyturvy in the
other states which have adopted a law
similar to that of Oregon. Laws already
passed under the system would all be
doubtful, if not void. and the confusion
would far exceed that following the
Evening star., 1911-10-22
Woman's Honor More
Precious Than Liberty
Special Correspondence of The Star.

Special Correspondence of The Star.
WARSAW October T. 1911.
all the history of Russian jurispru-
dence no more mysterious case is on
record than the murder of the young
1 Baron Stanislaus ChrZanows Il. in
May. 191O for which his brother-in-
law Count Bohdan Roniker, has jlst
been sentenced to fifteen years hard labor
and perpetual exile to Siberia, with the
loss OF all civil rights.
There seems to be no doubt OF the
counts guilt. bat the tria! has failed to
clear up any of the mystery which MADE
the case so interesting to Warsaw soel-
ety. No adequate motive has been DIS
closed and not even hint has been
given of the identity of the mysterious
woman who Roniker said. could clear
him of the charge of purder. but whose
name he stubbornly reused to disclose
although his wife. who still believes in
his innoc ence, begged. him on her knees
to do
II Will be remembered. perhaps. from
the report of the case that the baron
he was only sixteen years old-was found
dead in a. suite of rooms in lodging
house. which it was proved at the trlai
Ropiker had hired three months before.
There were seventeen oii eitN
body and the face was battered almost
beyond recognition. Blood was sp.ashed
about all over the place, shown, that
there must have been terrible struggle,
and Roniker's finger prints in blood were
found on the wall. There was also evil
dence that a woman had been in the
pjace either during or Immediately after
the murder.
Roniker protested his innocence from
the first and maintained stoutly that tire
woman who had been with him could
prove it, He didn't call her at the trial.
however and she didn't come forward.
He confined himself to trying to prove an
alibi, but although he called nearly 100
witnesses he failed to account for several
hours of the afternoon during winch the
murder was done.
Probably Ronkers bad record had
much to do with his conviction, for there
were several big gaps in the evidence
against him. He has run through a big
fortune of his own and his wife's sub
stantial dowry. Recently he was in finan-
cial difficulties and appealed to his wifes
parents for help, but they had strongly
disapproved of their daughters marriage
to him. and refused. The theory of the
prosecution seemed rather far fetched. 1t
was that Roniker plotted to kill both the
young baron and his elder brother. This
would have left the Countess Koniker sole
heir to the great Chrzanowski property.
and Roniker, it was argued. reckoned on
the shock OF losing both their sons has
tening the death of his parents-in-law. At
Evening star., 1911-10-22

Tim Under Whose Shade
II Washington Ate His
Lunch Saved From Destruc-
ton by the Tree Surgeons
SkiIl-How the Trees Are
Treated-Their Various ALL
ments - Washington's His
toric Trees.
Evening star., 1911-10-22
English Railway Capital
Nearly Half "Water"
Tespondcnce OF Tho Star.

LONDON. October II. 1911.
HALLWAY nationa lization has become
X pressing question in British poll
tics in the last two or three months.
First the English and then the Irish strike
focused public attention on the millions
of dollars worth of damage to the coun-
Evening star., 1911-10-22

III T. mucn mOOted
initiative and ref
ercndum.'' by which
the people of a
state take the law
making power out
Of the hands of the
legislature. WI i'll.
within a few weeks,
he on trial for its
life before the Su-
preme Court of the
nited States. which
Evening star., 1911-10-22

from its thorns was made the crown
placed on the head OF the Savior There
Is also the crepe myrtle. resplendent al
times i'm its pinkish-purple flowers. And
there are trees from China, Japan. Per-
sla. eastern Asia, Siberia and the Hima-
layas; also the curious magnolia ECU
cumoer tree, whose seeds are reputed
TO be cure for consumption: and the
Kentucky coffee tree. the sea buckthorn
the fan elm or whahoo. the golden yew
and the English oak. Native trees are
not without representation. for there are
basSWoodS and catalpaS, NAPLES and ma
i've oaks In sheltered spot where
the southern sun warns il on the chill
lest DAYS is vine akin. It's SAID 20
the rubber tree. 1t is far out of its ma
tive habitat and those full of tree lore
say IT is the farthest north of any of its
species. Some Of the finest horse chest
nuts TO be seen anywhere and the Eu-
ropean plane trees aligning the avenues
approaching from the west are admired
by all visitors. Long may they cast their
shade on coming generations of law
makers, and may the skill of the tree
doctors minister ID them in their declin-
Ing years,
Evening star., 1911-10-22

try OF interrupted railway service and
the plain man began 10 ask why such a
PUBIC necessity should he at the mercy
OF worKingmen or capitalists. The royaI
commission which has been investigating
the railway strikes has asked significant
questions, and the government has been
making some quiet Investigations about
the price al which the British railways
could be bought and what IL would cost
to run them.
The result OF these Investigations will
he something OF a shock to enthusia site
nationaliZeK when they are published.
1t will show that there is a big differ
ence between what is known i'm the finan-
cial world as the capital of the rail
ways and their real economic capital and
ii will reveal how the British railways
nave been bled at every opportunity and
mismanaSe as we'll The total capital
i'm the financial sense-that is,~ the stock
issued-ls in round figures sc. 800. .O0O.Oc.
and any government which took over the
railways would be expected TO exchange
an equal amount in guaranteed govern
ment securities. But IL is estimated that
quite half of this represents no value.
That is TO say, if John Bull wanted ta
build himself a new and up-to-date rail-
way system today. and equip it with the
best in engines and cars and everything
else needed. he could do IL for about S3,-
30 0pO.oN.
x
Where, then. has the rest gone to?
From the very day of their inception
the railways were bled. The land over
which they ran was acquired under COM
puisory powers granted by parliament.
but parliament at that time was dominat-
ed by landowners, and the railway di-
rectors had to promise to deal "gener-
ously' with them to get their bills
through. How generously they dealt is
proved by the facts that the London and
Southwestern railway paid an average of
$4,000 mile for its land, the Great
Western s3l. 800 and the London, Brighton
and South Coast no less than $4,000 a
mile. No one could be found today to
contend that the land was worth anything
like that price Another big item was
legal and parliamentary expenses"
which included fees to- lawyers etc.
These items alone have cost the London
and Brighton $3.50, ,G00,000 since its incep-
ton. and. of course, il is a continuous
expense, for every extension and new is
sue of capital must be authorized by
parliament
Another greedy sponge for capital has
been the department of requirements and
betterments. In America il is the rule
TO make these out of profits. In England
II has been the rule to issue new capital
when they were required. Thus. most OF
the English roads are trying to pay diVi-
dends on capital representing engines ana
cars that long ago have gone 10 the scrap
heap. The writer has only mentioned a
few of the most obvious items In the ne
titious Capital account of the English
railways. There are lot more that can
be understood only by experts. but " the
British government buys out the railways
at their face value ii VIII De paving
good hard money for an uncommoniy
large lot Of pure water.
Evening star., 1911-10-22

will decide whether that new method of
popular government" shall live or die.
Tens of millions of people will await the
highest tribunals verdict with an interest
not now bestowed upon any other political
issue. unless it be the tariff Nine states
have already adopted this direct method
of government through constitutional
amendment. and in eight others the legis-
latures have submitted it as constitu-
tional amendment. although the people
have not yet voted upon it. 1t is a
question which is being thrashed over
in every city mart and crossroads store
of the land. The Supreme Courts deci-
sion as to whether il shall live or die as
q method of legislating for an entire
state will have considerable effect
upon the next presidential campaign.
IL did that of the corporation tax law, or
whether it will send it to the gallows. as
IL did the famous income tax law. remains
to be seen. When the hearing begins,
probably early in November. legal lumi-
naries of the first magnitude will be
aligned on each side within the bar of the
court which has the final word to
what shall or shall not be the law of the
land.
This great test case comes out OF Port
land Oregon. within few miles of the
hamlet where, less than a score of years
ago. the initiative and referendum COM
bination, as an instrument for passing
Evening star., 1911-10-22

dirt and decayed wood he could, and
ment, and>Nent his way. Then the fun
gus growths continued to multiply in the
heart of the tree; the rain came and
soaked in between the cement and the
bark and worked its way into the re-
cesses of the cavity, and being protected
from evaporation by the cement coat, il
keeps the heart wood moist and helps
the germs of decay to continue their
deadly work. And the last stage of that
tree is considerably worse than its first.
when it a east had fighting chance for
existence
If not the most interesting opera ton,
at least the most interesting subject was
the great Washington elm, at the north
east corner OF the Capitol. This noble
tree was not planted. as some of the ro-
mantle guides will tell you, by the father
of his country, but the first President
while building the Washington House on
North Capitol street often sat under it's
shade, legends tell us. and ate his
luncheon. At that time 1t Was q mighty
tree. and experts in forestry tell us that
now 1T must be at least $50 years old. 1t
stands a little apart and has developed
nobly with wide spreading crown typ
and a serious one, for instead of branch
little higher than mans head, into four
stems. This is the weakest structure in
a tree. The swaying tops tend to split
the stems apart. and this is just what
happened to the Washington elm.
Evening star., 1911-10-22

The split widened from time to time
and decay ate into the heart wood, and
the time was fast approaching when the
splendid old elm would inevitably go
down before the be stricken by
some unusually severe gale. But the
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11

w ASHINGTON.-Every crank in
w the country that doesn't know
what fool thing to do with himself
gets on the train and tells the con
ductor to put hin off at Washington
thinks he must see the president.
If the wheels in the head Of some
lunatic in Bangor, Me-, or Tombstone,
Ariz., get to working overtime he
heads for Washington to show the
president the mechanism. II some
long-haired lunatic in Oshkosh builds
a w~heelbarrow out Of a soap box and
a sitter rim he won't be happy till
he's trundled it cross country to
Washington and has the president
come out on the front porch and look
at 1t.
Every summer, before the presi-
dent leaves, there's a perfect deluge
of cranks that lave ridden horseback
from Dawson City or driven an OK
team from some town out beyond the
Rockies, says a White house attache.
Recently we had two of these idiots
in one day-three. to be exact. One
was a man riding a burro from San
Diego to Boston on a bet, and the
other two were a man and his wife
from some insane place out west
They had sworn on the bones OF the
saints or something that they would
walk into every state in the Union
within a twelvemonth; they had al
ready been in seventeen, and, having
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
PROTECT THE DEER
HUNTERS WILL BE PERMITTED
TO KILL BUT ONE ANIMAL.
Higher License Will Protect Deer In
the Black Hills, by Reducing
Number Of Hunters.

Deadwood.-Deer hunters in the
Black Hills this year are not going to
be so plentiful as heretofore, and the
tieet-footed animal which had many
friends in the last Legislature will be
afforded considerable protection this
fall. Heretofore it las beer the law
that hunters could bag two deer, either
buck or doe, each rear, for the small
sum of 81, provided they lived in the
state, and whenever there was a snow
fall in November the slaughter was
heavy. Now the hunter must take out
two licenses, a 81 gun license and a SIS
deer license, and is permitted to kill
but one deer, a buck, each season Non.
residents must pay SIS for the gun H.
cense and $25 for the deer license. The
deer eason is from November 1 to
December l, and it is thought that the
new law will greatly reduce the num-
Der of hunters and consequently the
number of deer killed.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
Scurrying Little Senate Messengers

session or not. The pages are icy
removed on account of politics. The
boys of the senate veal knee
breeches, neat little round-abouts, silk
stockings and w~ell-polished shoes.
Their faces and hands are clean, their
hair carefully brushed and each one
OF them looks as if he had just come
out Of a bandbox. The duties OF a
page today are substantially the
same as were required at the begin
ming of the government
Sometimes the boys are not dis
missed when they reach the age
limit Exceptionally bright pages
have been retained as riding pages.
whose duty 1t is to carry messages
for senators to executive departments
and to all points in the national CAPT.
tai. Others have been promoted to
the position of deputy sergeant-at-
arms of the senate. or as superin-
tendent of pages on the Democratic
or Republican side Of the senate. Tho
boys attend night school and by
listening to debates and by reading
the congressional record are receiving
educations on national affairs and on
economics such an no university in
the world could afford to provide for
it's students.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
Inspectors Are Busy Watching Frauds

THE efforts of the government ano
the various states to provide pure
food for the people Of the country
has brought about a higher quality OF
foodstuffs, but it has not deferred the
inventive genius of the country from
trying to work out schemes for SUD-
stitutes and authorizations.
State food and drug inspectors re-
ceive scores of letters and
from alleged chemists and get-rlch-
quick men who would make grocers
and butchers their tools.
Probably the worst adulteration
that has come to the attention of the
department is a butter emulsion
which will cause the butter to absorb
it's exact weight in water and still
prevent the butter eaters knowing 1t.
Take a pound of butter and a pound
Of water and a spoonful of this emul-
sion, work the three together for
about ten minutes. and there is two
pounds of butter and no water. The
average housewife could not tell the
difference between this watered but
ter and the real article.
A man in Tennessee has developed
a scheme by which he al make a
pure apple cider vinegar at an actual
cost of four cents a gallon, and using
one apple for each gallon. The fraud
could not be detected except by an
actual chemical test. The same chap
also has a scheme for making apple
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
NOTHING BUT AN AMATEUR
Fair Damssls Questions That Re-
veaIed calIow Lover In His
True Light.

do you really and truly think I
I'M beautiful" she asked.
you are simply divine" he re-
piled.
" But there are other girls whom
you think more beautiful than l."
mo, ] don't think there is a more
beautiful girl in the world than you"
There are other girls you think
are just as beautiful, though"
you are more beautiful than any
other girl | ever saw"
g" suppose there are plenty of
girls whom you consider almost as
beautiful as | am
Il think you are far more beauti-
full than any other girl hat ever
breathed.'
We'll, why didn't you say that in
the first placer"
THAT was what / meant If l didn't
exactly say So"
20, well, go on. My goodness!
Must l suggest everything nice that
you say to me?"
What more can /. say?"
Heavens, I'm not going to sit here
giving you lessons. I thought the
way o started out hat you had
made love before
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11

"HoId the Fort for ! Am Coming"
ma and a portion of Tennessee to do
30.
The Eighteenth o part in the
battle of Mission Ridge, and joined in
Ringgold, Ga. 1t was on duty at
Huntsville, Ala, until May 1, 1864,
when 1t Joined Sherman in his great
campaign from Chattanooga to At
lanta. The Eighteenth was one of the
regiments at Altoona Pass and
helped to fight the battle bearing that
name, and 1t is said that no troops of
that small force fought more valiant
ly than the Wisconsin soldiers. That
was the battle which brought out the
remark by Sherman, Hold the fort,
for l am coming" The C~onfederates
fought persistently for that pass, and
enemy left 1900 killed and wounded.
The Eighteenth. had m killed and
wounded here.
The Eighteenth re-enlisted, but was
unable to take advantake of the thir-
ty-day furlough until the following
November. In January, 1865, 1t re-
turned to Chattanooga. m in time
was sent to General Sherman's army
in the Carolinas.
The Eighteenth lac three different
colonies, j. S. Alban, killed at Shi-
loh; Gabriel Bouck, resigned on jan
uary 4. 1864, and Charles III. Jackson.
who was mustered out at the end of
the war. Its first a%djutant was the
late Judge Gilbert S. Park of Stevens
Point. Park afterward became captain
of company G., and served until the
end of the war. Another captain OF
the Eighteenth was the late State
Senator William j. Kershaw. He re-
manned with the regiment a short
time and went out as a major with one
Of the later companies.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11

butter with one apple to the gallon
of butter and at a ost Of one-fourth
the rea article.
A man in Rochester, N. T., devel-
oped a plan Of treating sawdust with
molasses to use in adulterating spices.
One part Of the real spice and three
parts OF sawdust made the product,
which could not be detected by the
eye or tongue.
Frauds in havoring extracts and
maple syrup have been common. A
Vermont mar has offered a recipe to
grocers 80 that they can make the
maple syrup they purchase into an
adulterated product, three gallons OF
fraudulent syrup to one-half gallon
of the real syrup
There are numerous other schemes
for increasing the weight of parched
coffee, preserving eggs, useless bah
ing powders, making mincemeat and
tomato catsup at reduced cost by
using little meat or tomatoes. The
grocer, to get the recipes, must pay
for them. The price is usually $10
and a pledge to secrecy.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
New Senators Laugh at Silence Rule

LII the new members of the senate
n seem to have 'lit a talkin'," as the
southern m~ountaineers say Of a gar
rulous stranger with a ready flow OF
conversation. In other days it was
considered the proper thing for a new
senator to sit in silence through his
first term of six a
1t is only a few years since a lot
of precedent-bound senatorial digni,
taries expressed their indignation at
the intrusion of new members by
walking out of the senate chamber
when Beveridge began to talk a few
days after taking his seat. The same
treatment was given La Toilette, who
remarked as the coat tails OF his
colleagues vanished through the door
that they would come back and lis
ten, and that he probably would be
in the senate when most of them had
been retired.
OF the recently elected members
of the senate. many are young men,
caring little for ~antiquated traditions.
Luke Lea Of Tennessee, thirty-two
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1911-08-11
MILK FROM DEVON WAS BEST
Celebrated Chemist, After Examina.
ton, Gives His Opinion as to
Which Is Best for Babies.
Handy Milk Truck.

Some years ago a celebrated chem
list, after examining the milk of differ
ent cows, made the following report
as to which was the best milk to raise
babies on: The Jersey had too much
oil in it, the Holstein too much cheese,
and the milk from the Devons was the
best, as it had more sugar in 1t and
nearer the milk Of the baby's mother,
says the American C~ultiyator. Just
then a young mother died leaving a
baby twelve days old, and 1t so hap
pened that the father read this report.
so he rented a fresh Devon milk COW
and fed the babe on the milk of that
cow for more than two years. She
grew up to be a fine, large, healthy
Young lady, and at fifteen years of age
was two inches taller than her father,
and in her class at school with girls
much older thar she a