The Alaska citizen., 1911-02-27
QUARTZ. (Craiq Condit.)

quartz IS EOld-b6arlng TOCk. IL is found in mountainous regions. where, a long time ago, there have been volcanoes. The quartz runs in layers or veins Sometimes the vein runs along the surface and sometimes it runs straight down. The most valuable quartz is usually found in the veins running down. The vein on an average Is about four feet wide. Often it gets small CT until il is but an inch or two in width. and at last it pinChes out altogether From the larger veins. branches or stringers run out in all directions
 There are three methods of min ing gold; the placer, hydraulic, and quartz systems.
 In placer mining the gold is washed out of the sand by gravity speed In hydraulic mining water from some elevation is forced through pipes This water is turn ed toward the side of hill, which tears the earth up and uncovers the gold-bearing rock In quartz mining. the pay-dirt Is blasted out of the earth and crushed by the mills. The gold is then extracted from the rock by various methods
 Quartz may be either high or low-grade according to the amount of gold il contains. The great Treadwell lode is the latter. aver aging as low as s26n per ton. while some of the quartz of the Panama valley averages s100 per ton. The Treadwell mine. however. is one of the largest in the world, having over 900 stamps in operation day and night. The reason this ore can be handled with profit is because of the mine being on the ocean, where pro visions can be brought to the mine. while the crushed ore can be ship ped away.
 In developing a quartz claim, af- ter the vein has been located by in at different levels These are connected by shafts Drills are used to bore holes into the quartz. In these holes dynamite is placed. and the ore is blasted out. It is then brought to the mouth of the tunnel in ore-ears. and hoisted to the surface of the shaft in large buc- kcts.
 Quartz is found abundantly in Southeastern Alaska: not only in Treadwell, but in all the surround ing country.
 Recently companies have been formed in Valdez which have been successful.
 In the Panama valley, quartz is found at Hot Springs. in the Bonni. field country, near Circle and around Fairbanks.
 At the present time there are quartz mines on Ester, Cleary, Dome. Chatham. Wolf, Ensineer, Skooeey gulch, Fox, Goldstream. Gilmore. Fairbanks and other creeks. The first quartz found in the Fairbanks district was on Chatham creek. by John C. Rose Not much atten- tion was paid to quartz until 1908.
 Two quartz mills have been con ley-one in Fairbanks and the other at Cinema. A local firm founded the one at Fairbanks.
 They had no plans for making it, so they built if from a pie ture found in cata ogue
 For the purpose of developing the quartz, company has been form cd among the citizens of Fairbanks 10 work one of the mines and show what is in it. It is the plan to raise s20,00O for the purpose. A the placer ground is pretty well worked out, it is important 10 de VelOp the quartz, as it will tell the future of the camp. The outlook so far is encouraging. It is expected that in a few years the Fairbanks quartz district will be one of the most important in the world