The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-08-08

" - RACA1 - ~ NtGAA
mat ne was fully the equal OF any
man ana he spoke in the weighty tone
o. authority Of a man going forth 10
Randolph was ten years Cal
noun senior and had been in Com
SresS more than eleven years. had
quarreled with Jefferson. opposed the
war OF 1912 and the Missouri ompro-
mise n stigmatized the Northern
members who voted for il as dough-
faces. He was educated at Princeton.
podSted OF his descent from the In
dlan Princess PocahontaS. had the
strange mixture of the aristocrafic
ana Jacobin. was the Democratic lead
ct OF the House Of Representatives.
CHOSEN United States Senator from
Virginia in 1925 and in 1890 appoint
ed minister to Russia. and for more
man tnlfty years was more talked and
written Of than any American poll
tlclan. Such was the antagonist that.
young Calhoun had to meet in debate
IN his maiden effort, but conscious OF
MS tr~anscendent abilities he shrank
not IRON the contest. The great Nir-
Slnlan came out of the fight only
second best. From this time to the dav
OF ms death Calhoun was master in
the arena OF debate in both the House
ana Senate. The i'll humor with which
Randolph spoke of Calhoun in his
private correspondence shows how
much he felt the wounds received
A1oiii lie rance o. Indl adversary. CAL
noun had no bitterness toward Ran
dolph for in later years he said Ran
dolph mad wisdom worthy of Bacon
and wit that would not discredit a
Sheridan MI. CalhOun's success over
Randolps fully illustrates Napoleon's
f%avorite maxim. that it is the first
step which is difficult His fame was
now assured. He did not sit down in
inglorious ease to repose on his laur-
els. but like the young eagle which
had for the first time ventured into
the clouds and returned in safety to
it's eyre. he purposed to tax still
higher and prOuder flights, and soar
with Plato to the empyreal sphere"
and breathe the pure, vital dephlo-
gisticated air of that enchanted land.
battle in the Elysian dew OIL the rain
bow n sip the nectared spray from
Jove's perennial spring"
HE had
The force and ample pinions that
The Theban eagles bear
Sailing with supreme dominion
Through the liquid vaults of air"
When the tariff bill was pending
in the House in 1916 he made a
speech on the 6tn of April advocating
high protective duties, the very same
economical platform on which the
Wing party stood to the last day Of
it's existence. He argued that it would
establish our industrial independence
from Europe and would strengthen
the bonds Of our Federal Union. That
was a noble and patriotic sentiment
1 and does not sound much like an arch
conspiratOr who desired to destroy the
Union as he has been pictured by some
Of his enemies. But probably his
strongest reason for a protective tariff
was that his native South he owed so
we'll, produced the cotton and he
thought she ought to manufacture it
-~l 1865 ~;ol - 49, 49, T. -
made New England With a sterile
soil and an inhospitable climate the
garden spot Of the world. Suppose the
South had taken his advice and con
verted the raw material into the fin
ished product. She would today be
the richest and most prosperous pOr-
ton Of the globe, and the Yankees
could never have conquered her. When
Mr.. Calhoun saw that the South in
stead Of engaging in manufacturing
was investing her money IN negroes
and land and was reaping none of the
benefits Of protection he changed his
position and became in principle a
free trader. Mr.. Webster entered the
thirteenth Congress in 1913, two years
after Calhoun did. He was a thorough
soirg Federalist but differed from
their great chief Hamilton on the
question of a protective policy for
Webster It that time was a free trad
err. In 1914 in reply to a speech Of
Calhoun who spoke in favor of the
existing double duties as a protective
measure, and also in favor Of manu-
f~acturers. Webster uses this lam
guage: 81 consider the imposition Of
! double duty. as a mere financial mea-
sure. It's great object was to raise
revenue and not to foster manufac-
lures. / do not say the double duties
ought to be continued, | think they
ought not. But what I particularly OBJ
ject to. is the holding out Of delusive
expectations to those concerned in
manufactures"
At that time Boston was a CONNER
cial city and New England had not
developed her manufacturing indus
tries so they were for Lee trade.
When the tariff Of 1924 was before
CONGRESS. it was advocated by Mr