davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
TESTS BY EYE AND HAND.

"In addition TO this mechanical recording
Of the temperature OF the magazines,
visual inspection is made of all samples OF
powder in the glass bottles kept in the
sample magazine And also an examina-
ton of the magazines for any local heating
that may have occurred since the preced-
ing inspection. For instance, there might
be a little local heating that would not
show on the thermometer, but stin be sus-
ceptible to the naked hand. BY laying the
hand on any Of the cans Of powder, 1t can
be ascertaned at once whether there Is
any unusual heating going on. If there is
any decomposition OF the powder. 1t Is
always accompanied by giving off heat,
and any unusual heating of the can would
indicate that the powder should be ex-
amined at once.
Every two weeks one or more charges
Of powder of each sample on the snip or
I'm each magazine, is closely examined ana
II any odor is observed other than that OF
ether. which is always given off by smoke
less powder, a further examination or test
Is made at once TO determine the cause
As orr powder is made of cotton and nitric
acid. anv change in condition IS usually
accompanied by the giving off Of nitrous
furoas which are readily detected by odor
or nv color being Of a somewhat reddish
hue.
"Tbere is also another test. When powder
has commenced 10 decompose 1t becomes
chaIkv, and would at once crumhle In the
hand On the other hand, good powder Is
very hard. not quite as hard as iron, but
nearly. II Is not plastic at all.
Another test made once q month is called
Elm ,,trous paper test. This ltmus test
g also given any powder which had pre-
r,ousIv given off any nitrous fumes. II
tho powder does not stand litmus paper
tes+ for thirty days, the result Of the tests
&c Immediately reported TO the bureau at
washington, and standing orders require
the ship TO place the powder under close
surveillance and TO make additional htmus
paper tests.
.,This test is rather simple, but at the
Same time Il is one Of absolutely accuracy.
Wa first take a sample Of the powder from
avery magazine on the ship, place it in a
tight glass stoppered bottle, then a piece
Of utnus paper, after moistening the END
4 Of It. and handled with pincers, is kept sus-
nended I'm the bottle until II begins TO turn
/ If II turns in less than thirty days we
have to make a further test but II 1t does
not turn then the powder is absolutely safe
and in first class condition.
in the case the first litmus test does not
give satisfactory results other tests are
made at once, and II the result OF these
tests is the same as OF those preceding, a
surveillance test follows. If the surveillance
tests are not what they should be the pow
der. II on board ship, is sent ashore and seq
regated from other powder in the maya
zines. and II II is already ashore It is merely
segregated from the other powder until
more exhaustive tests can be made.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
TIE MEN WHO PLAN THE MAGAZINES ON UNCLE SANS
~ ~
,, c..o,. q H. NJ Robinson lat eft l. md
'"''' j. /. Ackeson

And the keys OF all magazines are in the
possession Of the captain OF the ship a.
all times. and nobody can enter the maya
zine without first getting the permission
Of the captain. II is therefore impossible
for any one to enter magazine except thu
person authorized. No lights Of any kind
are allowed IN magazines except electric
lights, which are inclosed IN boxes fitted
with heavy glass lenses, so that should an
electric bulb break or a fuse burn out
there could be no possibility OF fire getting
into the magazine itself To reduce the
danger OF fire in the magazines all wood
has been eliminated from the interiors
And the men who enter the magazines are
even compelled 10 take of their shoes. be-
cause Of the steel nails in the bottoms Of
the shoes. No matches are allowed to Re
carried In the magazines and no electric
wiring now runs through any magazines
In the handling room, where the powder
Is passed from the magazine to the deck
above. all wires are inclosed in fame-tight
covers. In the turrets where the powder
is passed up over the handling room. We
have a number Of immersion tanks, so that
I'm case Of fire in a turret. or below, the
powder can be instantly plunged into a
tank Of water, by this means eliminating
any chance Of fire passing up and down.
There is an automatic thermostat con.
nected with A buzzer I'm the captains cabin.
and when the temperature In a magazine
reaches certain point this buzzer rings
bell and the man on watch instantly
gets busy.
ION our modern battleships there IL
temperature recording device which draws
line on a chart. A pencil draws red
line on this paper, recording the different
degrees Of temperature in each magazine
II there is any change in tho temperature
in the magazine you have a visible record
Of It. This is an additional precauuon to
that OF the bell or buzzer attachment and
also the thermostat'
A peculiar fact in connection with pow.
der was mentioned by Mr.. Robinson. IA
said that ell the navies OF the world use
smokeless powder, but no two Of them USE
the same II can be made in many different
ways. For instance. in England they have
q snnokeless powder called cordite, which
is quite different from our smokeless pow
der. The French powder IS known as
Powder b." and is of still different com
position from that Of any other country %
that while all the modern nayies OF ina
world use smokeless powder, each OF them
has a secret process for the making Oh Us
own particular powder, and some kinds OF
powder are of greater power than Others
II is said that the powder used by mo
United States is Of greater power than any
other powder in the world. The powders OF
England, France and Germany follow
closely.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

Naval Constructor r. H. NJ Robinson
together with his assistants. l. B. McBrlde
and J. L. Ackerson. plans many OF our war
vessels from stem TO stern. In speaking OF
the construction OF magazines on war yes
sells, Mr.. Robinson said:
"A battleship has a number OF different
magazines, one for each calibre OF am
munition carried For example, ammuni-
ton for u or "A inch guns goes into certain
magazines, while tho ammunition 10y
smaller guns goes into other magazines
AS a general rule, for l2-inch gun turret
there would be from four TO six magazines
so that a ship which carried i've l2-lnch
,urrets would have something like twenty
or thirty powder magazines for the big
guns The shells, Of course, are stored IN
still different places.
Powder is put up i'm silk bags and
these in turn placed inside copper cans
These cans are stored in lockers horizon
tally and slightly separated from the sur
rounding bulkheads Of the magazines The
magazines are watertight, and are almost
! what might be called hermetically closed
| places.
Into each magazine leads system or
water pipes Those near the bottom OF the
vessel are directly connected with pipes
/ running 10 the sea, while the magazines
nearer the ton or the water surface are
generally connected through pumping
system. Inside the magazines these pipes
are arranged in the form Of a spray pipe
one pine over each vertical row Of cans or
,ouder The pipes are controlled by a
ou,ck operating valve. which may be turned
no
from the deck above All hat is necessary
TO flood the magazine is to raise a srnaii
deck Mate insert a wrench and give 1t
turn, and the water will at once flood the
magazine through the pipes from the top
down.
Some years ago It was the custom TO
place in each magazine a valve similar TO
a hydrant valve, and the magazines were
flooded through these valves, so that the
water would have to rise from the bottom
ND. but this Ia no longer the case. The
ripes are now so proportioned that they
viii completely food an empty magazine in
about twenty minutes, but magazine
filed with powder cans can be flooded very
quickly.
I'm addition to these precautions, as soon
as the valve is opened all the cans are
watered by the spray. In modern ships
all magazines are insulated against the
transmission Of heat from the outside and
are connected with a refrigerating and VEN
tilating system so as to keep them at
uniform temperature. The primary OBJ
,ect OF this system is to keep the pow
der al a constant temperature, not so much
because Of any danger from the powder as
because of the balllstic value. 1t is more
uniform II kept at certain even tenn
perature.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

might make a change in the ultimate re-
suit Of the test.
I'VE have never had case OF sponta-
neous combustion Of powder happen in the
United States navy. We have never had
powder that had to be condemned under
four years, and as a rule 1t has lasted from
eight TO nine years before It has lost Its
excellence. The powder we are making
to-day and have been making for the last
two years has what is called a 'stablizer
in II, which lengthens It's life
to about fifteen years. After the powder
has reached a stage where 1t is not con-
sidered good for use It is sent to the naval
powder factory. There It is ground up and
made over into new powder. This process
is called reworking. When II comes out
Il is brand new powder. The process ia
something like that Of placing red lead on
steel to prevent the steel from rusting.
we began to manufacture smokeless
powder in 1908 at Newport, where the gov
eminent has An experimental plant, and
there is still in the service some Of the
powder that was made as far back as
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

application to human beings, is more
curative, more convenient. less danger
Gus, less costly and simpler" than the
much Wanted artificial vaccine method
recently developed by Wright and Doug
las. Besides, natures laboratory, he re-
minds us. needs no expensive equipment
Of culture media, tubes ovens, heat, Their
mostat microscope hypodermic syringe,
needle. antiseptics. etc. in short, for his
method, no instrument is required but
the fingers.
The danger from auto or self-nfection
from the swallowing Of the discharge, he
declares. is nil. the ability OF the mouth
and alimentary tract to take care Of the
pyogenic micro-orgsnisms being very
great. In no case was any patient treated
by his method authenticated. II is true
that certain patients. through extreme
susceptibility would become feverlsh,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

-XPIOSIONS on warships OF the Varl-
Gus navies Of the world have been
a. OF frequent occurrence In the lSst
few years Most Of them have occurred III
foreign navies. and probably the French
navy has experienced greater loss from
,his cause than any other nation In the
world. IT was only a few days ago "heh
one OF the most frishtful catastrophes III
the history Of explosions occurred OH 'no
French battleship Liberte.
Many of these explosions are said 10
have been caused by inadequate protecuoh
of the powder magazines But ordnance
experts say that the magazines on moderh
war vessels are as safe to-day as human
ingenuity can make them The further as
eertion is made that many have resuileu
from, spontaneous combustion Of gunpoW-
der or through carelessness in the hanohhg
OF powder from the magazine TO the gun
Doubtless some were caused through eA-
element OF the gunners IN not properly
closing the breech mechanism or the us
s,lns before the signal 20 fire was gwen
The most alarming Of all these theories is
the spontaneous combustion idea. The SUD-
,ect Is one OF immediate interest to our
own naval officials because they use
nitro-cellulose powder. as do the French'
while the British and most other powers
use nitro-glycerine powders. A year or two
ago a British engineer attacked the nitro
cellulose powders and declared them to De
dangerous and inefficient because Of their
nartlcular. constituencies TO heat and ten
dencv 10 degenerate The attack was an
swered in this country. apparently effective
ly. And yet there IS enough plausibility IN
II 10 call for eternal vigilance.
In speaking of magazines and the danger
of explosions on board our war vessels
Rear Admiral Twining Uncle Sans naval
expert on powder and magazines at Wash
ington, said.
We have never had such thing as
spontaneous ignition OF smokeless sowder
in magazine occur on any Of our war
vessels 1 admit the possibility Of such an
accident. but in order to prevent such
disaster many precautions are taken.
our smokeless powder is made either ny
private manufacturers or at the naval pow
der factory at Indian Head in lots of S,-
on 10 10000 pounds The size Of the LOT
depends, as a rule, on the calibre Of the gun
for which 1t is intended, the largest size
powder being made in larger lots Of pow
der for Pinch guns and only 25.CM-pound
lots for the 3-inch guns.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

10 any vessel in the navy a sample Of each
kind OF powder is issued in a closed bottle
This sample is kept in sample magazine
on board ship where 1t still keeps the
Same index number it was originally given.
THE temperature Of every magazine In
the service, whether on shore or on board
ship, is recorded every minute Of the day.
both the maximum and the minimum tenn
perature for the twenty-four hours being
taken. The government now supplies
recording thermometer. so that a contin-
uous record Of the temperature may be
kept during the entire twenty-four hours.
This thermometer has an electrical at
tachment which, by means of pencil
drawing red lines around chart, records
the exact temperature at any given hour
or minute Of the entire twenty-four hours.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
SALIVA NOT ANTIsEPTIC.

Dr. Duncan found that whenever he
placed the discharge from chronic head
sore in the mouth of the dog suffering
from II. and induced him 10 swallow H.
the head wound healed as quickly as
would any other wound which the animal
could lick; and this he contended. proved
that the antiseptic property in saliva had
little II any real curative effect
But before we go any further let us
see what this poison is which is produced
in wounds and how IL gets there
man is shot or slashed with knife,
say, in the arm; the skin is more or less
torn, tissues are lacerated and nerves
irritated. A raw surface normally pro-
tected by the skin, is now exposed 10 the
air, bleeding and inhsned by the de-
structive violence of a bruising and cut.
ting force. Pyogenic or pus-breeding bac-
teria, which are always present in the at
mosphere IN countless numbers, eagerly
settle on this raw surface and find in its
warmth and moisture an ideal culture
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
Results of Experiments of DR..
Charles H. Duncan "Astonish-
ing and Most Gratifying"
By G. Elliot Flint.

Nv u Ello' iAh''
TT AS science at last learned from the
Fl cat and the dog the best way 10
II u cure yyounds7 These and other
s,,roals always lick their own sores when
thew can. and this primitive treatment
nearly always heals them. and that quicAlS'
ec,ent,sts have noticed also that the only
Mace where, as a rule, dog or cat mas
had infections is on the head, when ne Oh
course cannot lick Again, children ana
sven adults instincuvely suck a sore finger
the act seeming 70 give instant RELIEF
Rut why this oldest method OF curing
wounds should be so extraordinarily er-
fcacious. better generally than the I'M
proved" sntiseptio method, has long puzzled
surgeons The explanation usually al
advanced, that animal saliva possesses Pc
cultar healing and antiseptic properties 's
not satisfactory, seeing that all surgeons
treat wounds antiseptically from without
hut don't get the same good results.
Iatterly, however, many surgeons fol-
lowing the way blazed for them by the eA-
periments Of Wright and Douglas. nave
tried to cure wounds by treatment from
within. employing for the purpose inocuIa-
tfons Of certain KILLED" cultures, supposed
10 be specific for sepis dnfecuon). ms
new method has been fairly successful
and occasional cures Of severe infections
which had long resisted ordinary antsepuc
treatment, have been reported.
Now Dr. Charles II. Duncan, physician
OF this city, while believing In internal
medication for bad wounds, contends that
the truest and best vaccine Is TO be found
in the wound itself, and he asks: why not
use the anioxin. or cure for the poison OF
the wound, which nature herself provides
ready at hand?" He therefore proposes
that the seemingly crude but really most
effective method Of the dog be applied, with
certain notifications. in the treatment OF
all wounds. boils, acne and other kinds OF
sores in the human subject.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
ONE SURE CURE.

yes. Phaker used 90 be a snaN o.,
s1st and poor as poverty. but no"
manufacturing and selling a sure ''
said Townc. -
"a sure cure for what?" asked Brow" 7
"Yhy. a sure cure for his poye'", a
ruess that's about all-Catholc S'ai''
and Times.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
TIE EFFECT OF A VICTORY

I'm sorry, my dear but the po',".
are cold. and tho steak is burned V,,.
crisp. The butter has been on '"e ne
go long that it has gone TO OIL anu
hot weather has soured the milk. al,
That's all right, my dear We won "a
in the eighth inning, he rep'ie'
Eree Press
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
NATURAL HISTORY.

why. sir" said Mr. Dustin staA'
YOU call me an amphibiane"
Il refer to your method Of capi'a'l4N
ton" -
But I have developed the resources OF
the land IN.
Yes But when you get tired Oh ., ~.
land YOU take to water. w asH'"9''
Star
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
Stringent Precautions Taken Against Explosions American Wa
Rear Tnng Uncle Sans Expert Cunpowder Tells OF the
Many Tests and That Make for Security in This
Nations Navy-Every Maritime Power Uses Smoke
less Powder Made by Its Own Secret Process

I'm addition. every sample OF powder on
beard a ship or in any magazine on shore
Is given a semi-annual surveillance test.
This test consists In placing the sample OF
powder in an oven and heating It to a GER
tain temperature, where It is kept for sixty
days. II It stands this test It is all right
and It is not subjected TO another such test
until six months thereafter. This IL done
both on ship and on shore"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15
CHOICE ENGRAVINGS.

America is not deficient IN pau,y ,,,en.
nor in love OF art" said the CHEEKY 0''s as.
mo" replied Miss Cayenne But y So
the same. the general eagefheSs " that
500 bills Is not due entirely to the ia. IN, -
George washington's picture is on '''"
Washington star.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-10-15

Tho Rector-Now, Molly, would you
rather be beautiful or good?
Molly--rd rather be beautiful and re-
pent.
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1911-04-07
amount to spend and therefore con-

amount to spend and therefore con-
clude there is nothing to do but en-
dure chaos and untidiness.
There is love and JOY in handling
rake and hoe when one is educated
to appreciation of results, and God
makes the grass and flowers and
fruits grow better and more perfect
for the one who delights to go feel
ingly and thoughtfully about tending
them than for the servant who does
it at so much per for the moneyed
neighbor.
In the larger art galleries, pictures
portraying simple pastoral scenes
containing beauty of nature and rich
ness of expression, are as much ad-
mired and sought for as those show
ing the rich gold lace and glitter of
court scenes. They are more restful
and require just as much skill In
handling the subject, and so it is
in our own work with nature, and
giving expression to nature. The
subject is full of interest and / leave
you TO follow it out in your own
way in your own home.
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1911-04-07

the work advances; individual ideas;
no matt what your neighbor is do
ing, because his conditions are diff
ferent over there. He has his own
time, talent and material, and you
have yours. And as you differ from
him in personality, so will your plans
and work differ, but the results will
be equally satisfactory.
William Price, the noted architect
and writer, says: THE dominant
cry of the animal is for full stom-
ach, but mans higher desires call
for something more" And l will
add that something more in this sense
seems beautiful to him, though he
may never have taken the trouble
to consider it in that light. Until
child is taught to think or reason,
it wants thing because it wants it.
and as many men and women are
boys and girls grown tall, without
education in beauty, purpose and de-
sign, they, too, claim they want for
possession only. But If they had been
taught to analyze carefully, they
would tell you there is message of
what is beautiful to them in the at
tainment. Again, we all without ex-
ception admire beautiful objects and
surroundings, but we do not aspire
to attaining them for our own per-
sonal possession or use. Collectively
We want our town to be civically
beautiful, individually we do very lit
tie, but we admire q well-kept prop
erty when we see O. think of it, not
stopping to conclude that our own
lot may contain just as much beauty
only of a different character The
same attire does not suit each per-
son, so the same surroundings do not |
suit all homes.
Homes should indicate the charac-
ter and individuality of the inmates |
to a marked degree, and the same dis
tinction should be carried out in the
grounds surrounding the home. There
is no reason why we should envy a
neighbor who has an unlimited
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1911-04-07

that this much is accomplished and
there are no board fences, We can
get fine view for perhaps four
blocks. With everything clean, tidy
and ready to be made beautiful. OF
course | would have flowers and a
garden, if no larger than a lettuce
bed, and If you have never had the
pleasure of raising and eating delic-
ious vegetables fresh from your own
garden, try it. If it is necessary to
have some slight protection for the
garden, suppose we place at a proper
distance neat posts about two feet
high that will support couple OF
plain wires, just enough to remind
children TO keep off. Hollyhocks and
wild cucumber vines are hardy, won
derful growers and boomers during
the long period, multiply rapidly
and thrive under the most adverse
conditions, can be readily grown from
seed, and are therefore inexpensive
and within the reach of all. So we
will plant these along this neat wire
fence which they will gracefully con-
ceal in return for the support the
wires give them. And now we have
beautiful as we'll as clean orderly
town that will attract thousands.
l have suggested nothing that calls
for an outlay of money or great
amount of labor, neither does it call
for organized effort, for if each home
will do its part, il each housekeeper
will go out and plan and work in con-
junction with husband, sons and
the task will soon be done. |
The family will find it a pleasure to
carry out the plan and they will |
follow it up with growing interest.
We have way of putting off so
many things. 20, yes. l en- going to
do some back door work this spring
some time" The only way to do
a thing is to do it. And the only |
way to begin is to begin. Don't stop
to plan and wonder before you begin
the back yald work Just go to
work and ideas will come to you as