Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-22

were to be on "A dlfferen OASIS iioiii 10.
of Japapese commerce with European ha,
lions with which she has negotaleu
trade treaties soon to go into operauoIl.
Another reason for Japan's desire Is ne.
need for the additional revenues tna'
might be expected to result from ehe IN
crease of her customs duties made posi-
BILE by the negotiation OF the new traue
by the negotiation of the new uaue
treaties. . .,o
amount of many million yen could be
realized this wear by the Japanese go.
eminent if this new American treaty Is
ratified. 1t is true that the eAs.ii s
treaty with Japan does not specliioai -
axinr tariff duties upon American prod
ucts imported into Japan.
Effect on Customs Duties.
But Japan has a number OF speclai
trade treaties with other countries where
in the exact amount of duty that may be
imposed upon imports is specified
In many cases these duties are absurd
" inadequate for reventte purposes, Wlhe.
for instance, paying a duty as low as j
per cent and other luxurSes in proportion.
Under the broad favored nation clause In
our treaty with Japan the United states
is nabled to claim the beneht or an
these low duties. while. on the othef manu-,
Iapan is prevented from increasing them
TO other countries so long as the United
States enjoys the low rates so as part
of the japanese financial scheme it is re-
sarded as necessary that all of her new
trade treaties should takes effect sinful
faneously next July. in order to clear the
wav for reimbursement of her tariff. The
treaty Just submitted to the, Senate indi-
Gates that the United States is willing to
accede TO that need.
New Treaty Surprises Senate.
lot J,o
fore the Senate yesterday afternoon by
President Taft Just before the Senate
adjourned for the day the executive clerk
Of the White House appeared IN the cham
Der with "a message from the President
OF the United States 1t was announced
as an executive document and was not
read.
1t soon leaked out that the communica-
ton contained a new treaty with Japan,
and proved the greatest surprise to large
majority of the members of the upper
house IT is intended to take the place
of that of 1894. which became operative
In 1899
Two features of the new agreement
concessions to Japan-attracted fmmedi-
ate attention:
The absence from the new treaty of
any immigration restrictions.
The setting aside of the present treaty
July Il next, one year before it actually
will expire.
Provision Omitted From Treaty.
In the agreement between the two
countries that is in effect at present.
following provisions declaring the right
of the citizens of the two countries to
full liberty of trave! and residence and
trade in both countries, there is this
proviso:
1T is. however, understood that the
stipulation contained in this and the pre-
ceding article do not in any way affect
the laws, ordinances and regulations with
regard to trade, the immigration of
laborers. police and public security which
are IN force or which may hereafter be
enacted I'm either of the two countries. -
This clause has been interpreted as CIV
ing to the United States full rights to
adopt legislation restricting or excluding
the immigration of coolie labor. There is
no such clause in the proposed new
treaty.
State Department Statement.
1t is pointed out. on behalf of the
State Department. that the United States
passed the Chinese exclusion laws with
out any treaty stipulations with China
that 1t has a right to SO legislate, and
that this country would have the same
right to restrict or exclude the immigra-
ton of Japanese iaborers without any
specific treaty specifying such right in the
Congress of the United States. This stip-
ulation. it is understood was very re.
pulsive to Japan and she has been using
her best efforts to persuade the State
department to leave it out of the new
treaty The success of those efforts is
SHOWN by the new treaty.
1t is also pointed out that the situation
that arises out of the new treaty-leayine
20 tune national honor of Japan the en-
forcement of immigration lmitations-is
virtually the same that has existed dur.
ing the last two years. The immigratiou
from Japan to this country at present is
controlled by passport arrangement en-.
tered into by Elihu Root then Secretary
OF State and Baron Togoro Takahira
then Japanese ambassador to this coun-
try. Anti-Japanese sentiment in this
country was then at its height and there
was desire in Japan to direct its peo.
pie to emigrate to Manchuria and other
parts OF China. Under that understandings
the Japanese government agreed to dis.
continue the issuance of passports to its
subjects who were DESTROYS to enter thj.
country. 1t has resulted in the restric.
Pacific slope.
In view of this understanding and O,
the contention of the United States tina,
IT has the right to pass Japanese imm
gnauon iaws In the absence of treat,
stipulations. it Is said to have been thu
desire of the State Department to show
its good will toward the kingdom of tn,
Rising Sun by leaving out of the new
treaty all reference to limitations on Japa
nese immigration.
This new treaty is one of trade anG
commerce" The treaty Of 1894 deals witt
trade, commerce and navigation, right.
of dwelling, import and export duties
tonnage dues. port regulations deser
tions. shipping rights. consular function.
and other subjects. 1t has already be
come antiquated. mainly because of the
rapid advance of the Japanese in WAYS o.
civilization. 1t was drawn Simultaneous,
with number of other Japanese treatie:
OF similar Scnna naRatia tod a.