davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen., 1911-06-23

or precious stones are to be set or used in the
coronets, or counterfeit pearls instead OF silver
balls.
The Cap of crimson velvet and fur once
worn by peers in Parliament is the sign of
their right to the peerage. the metal crowns
showing the degree of the wearer-thus
Baron's Coronet h as on the rim six silver
balls set at equal distances.
viscount's Coronet has sixteen silver
balls.
An Earl's Coronet has eight silver balls
raised on points, with gold strawberry leaves
between the points.
Marques Coronet has four gold straw
berry leaves. and four silver balls alternately.
Dukes Coronet has eight gold strawberry
leaves.
THE PEERESSES
For all: mantle of crimson velvet. with
a Cape furred with miniver pure. and pow
dered with rows of ermine.
For a Baroness: The Mantle to be edged
round with miniver pure two inches in
breadth. and the train to be three feet on the
ground. The Cape to have two rows Of ermine.
For viscountess: The edge of the Mantle
as before; the train to be yard and quarter
on the ground.
For Countess: The edging of fur to be
three inches in breadth, and the train yard
and half
For a Marchioness: The edging to be four
inches in breadth, and the train a yard and
three-quarters
For a Duchess: The edgng to be five
inches broad. and the train two yards on the
ground Their dress consists of Kirtle OF
crimson velvet bordered all round, with mar
row edging of mfniver scalloped in front. plain
otherwise The Kirtle opens from the waist
and widens gradually down to the ground. 1t
may also be gathered back in three festoons
each tied back with bow Of tinsel.
The citizen., 1911-06-23
MULES BETTER THAN HORSES
VIII Do as Much Work and They Re-
quire Only Two-Thirds as Much
Feed-Value Is Higher.

A mule will do as much work as a
horse on about two-thirds as much
feed. For draft work the mule Is
valued higher than the average horse,
in nearly every instance. The animal
most desirable for general farm work
is one that weighs about 1900 pounds.
1t is well adapted to drudgery and
burden bearing, making it Of very
great service in the army.
When two years old the mule
should be used at light work. Never
allow the animal to do anything
against your bidding. The mule is
steadier at work and is troubled but
little by flies and heat. There is less
danger of its falling sick in the busy
season; the common horse troubles
disturb him very little. Wind-broken
mules are seldom seen. Mules live
much longer than horses. Mare mules
are generally preferred because they
mature sooner and are of a better dis
position.
The greatest objection to a mule is
that 1t seldom gives cattle or sheep
any peace when in the pasture with
them A mule is mischievous.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

be completely tired out, long before
the days work is ended.
It is also in danger of being injured
in various ways 1t would be far bet
ter OF left st the barn in lot, or.
if the weather is bad, in box stall.
where il can do itself no harm.
After the first day. the colt will
cease to be restless, and will become
perfectly contented, as soon as its
mother it taken out Of It's sight
Also, under this plan. the mare will
work as well as usual, after the nrst
day or two, which would not be the
case if the colt were in the held where
she could keep it in sight most OF the
time.
The first week, of course, 1t will
be necessary to unhitch the mare in
the middle of the forenoon and again
in the middle Of the afternoon, and
take her to the barn and allow the
colt to suck, but this is not one-half as
inconvenIent as having the colt in the
field to get in the way. and to keep
It's mother in a futter OF excitement
II will not be long before the colt can
be left away from its mother half a
day at time and then the mare can
be worked without any Inconvenience
whatever
II there are two or more colts, put
them in a lot together when their
mothers go to the fields. and they will
be more contented.
When there is any necessity Of hav-
ing the brood mare away from home
all day, the colt should be battered to
her side. If on the road there will
then be no danger of the colt running
back, or up branch roads. or Of fol-
lowing other mares.
Haltering the colt to the mare Is
particularly wise precaution when
trip is TO be made to town. or any
where where railroads have tracks to
be crossed.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

width OF watts found on different farms
and as a usual thing they are wider
than necessary. Then, too, the mar
rover the vat the less the dip required
to fill it A vat 20 inches wide at the
top and inches wide at the bottom
Is a fair average as regards width.
although some very practical sheep
men construct their yats as narrow as
16 inches at the top and S inches at
the bottom when the vat is feet
deep. The size Of sheep kept on q
farm must, Of course. be taken into
consideration
The dipping vat illustrated is To-
Gated In the driveway of the hog
house. and can be used for the dip
ping Of sheep and young pigs. 1t is
built entirely Of concrete, the walls
Of which are inches in width with
the exception of the partition be-
tween the vat and dry chamber. which
has thickness Of 9 inches. The end
Of the vat into which the hogs and
sheep are plunged is perpendicular
while the opposite end is provided
with an incline which is quite deeply
creased to that the animal can walk
out The floor around the end OF the
vat from which the sheep emerge is
90 graded that all drippings return
to the vat There are sewer connec-
tons with this outfit, the valve Of
which is located in the dry chamber
The end of the sewer pipe in the vat
is provided with a CRATE and trap so
as to catch bits Of wool and droppings
which would otherwise clog the pipe.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

The Queen IN Coronation Regal
pearls in coronets will be found in the orders
for the Coronation Youths for example must
wear costume Of black velvet with knicker-
bockers, black silk stockings. shoes with steel
buckles and q glengarry cap Of black velvet
For the King many things must be prepared.
The crown must be altered, the mantle and
Supertunica fitted. sceptres. swords. girdes,
spurs must all be got in readiness.
The King arrives. He must wear q kirtle,
Dr. surcoat OF crimson velvet with large
mantle and hood Of the same furred with
ermine and bordered with rich gold lace This
Is worn over the white underdress and white
stockings OF the Garter Robes On his head
he wears the Cap Of State of purple velvet
turned up with ermine. The mantle. OF huge
proportions. IS held up by a number Of pages
who wore. on the last occasion. a modified
Georgian coat with big cuffs, ruffes at the
wrist, lace crayats shoulder-knots and swords
From the moment Of the Kings entrance 10
bis exit the solemn process of dressing and
undressing him in garments symbolical of
various virtues goes on.
After he has been Recognized as King and
Anointed. the Cap OF State the Mantle and
the Surcoat are removed. For this amounting
an Ampulla and a Spoon for the oil. OF gold
have been provided as has also a Pail Of
cloth of gold embroidered with eagles and held
over the Kings head By four silver supports,
these being held by four Knights of the Gar
ter in their robes. After this amounting the
Pail is delivered back to the Lord Chamber
lain. and is By him redelivered to the Groom
Of the Robes.
The robes worn by the Knights OF the Gar
Ter are of particular interest. Originally the
full dress consisted of a tunic a mantle and a
capuchon OF blue WOODEN cloth. all these pow
dered with garters in gold, the mantle having
one larger than the rest to enclose a shield
~ith the cross of ST. George, This larger gar
Ter and shield still remain. In the time OF
The citizen., 1911-06-23

pure gold encrusted with Jewels. There
are about three hundred diamonds in the
crown. and about three hundred pearls be-
sides quantity OF other precious stones. The
great South African diamond. the Cullinan.
which was cut into two parts is now. the one
part, called the Star Of Africa. in the Kings
Sceptre. the lesser part being set into the
crown beneath the Black Prince Ruby. stone
said TO have been worn in the Black Princes
helmet at Crecy and Poictiers. There is.
moreover. the huge oblong sapphire placed in
the crown in 1920 by the Prince Regent Also
the two pear-shaped pearls which were worn
as earrings by Queen Elizabeth on her corona
ton In 1858, and were added to the Crown by
King Edwards special order.
After the Coronation. in the language of
the Rubric, "the people with loud and repeat
ed shouts. cry: God save the King; and i'm
mediately the Peers put on their Coronets;
and the Kings Of Arms their Crowns; the
Trumpets sounding, the Drums beating the
Great Guns of the Tower and the guns in the
Park being shot OF"
When the accamaton ceases the Arch
bishop pronounces the Exhortation and then
presents the Bible to the King saying: Our
Gracious King, We present you with this Book.
the most valuable thing that this world af
fords. Here is Wisdom. This is the Royal
Law These are the lively Oracles of God"
The Archbishop now pronounces the Bene
diction and the King goes into the Theatre
where are all the Great Officers OF State the
two Bishops his Supporters the Noblemen
carrying the Swords. the Sword OF State the
Pointed Sword Of Spiritual Justice, the Point
ed Sword Of Temporal Justice and the Cur
tana, the bluntended Sword of Mercy
The King being then enthroned and the Ex
hortation beginning, Stand firm and hold
fast having been said. the King delivers the
Sceptre with the Cross and the Sceptre with
the Dove to those noblemen who bear them,
and receives the Homage, first OF the Bishops
after which the Archbishop kisses him on the
left cheek. After which come those Of the
Blood Royal TO do the same and after that
the Senior OF each degree do likewise, the
Senior OF the Dukes. OF the Marquesses, the
Earls, the Viscounts and the Barons Then
the Princesses pay Homage and after them
the Peeresses.
The citizen., 1911-06-23
LIVESTOCK
CNOTES 0
Eye trouble is rare in pigs.

Eye trouble is rare in pigs.
Constant care is what develops the
pigs into market toppers.
An occasional feed Of oats will be
valuable for the brood sow.
Alfalfa is a great feed for the brood
SOW in summer and winter.
Two litters of pigs a year is about
what the best sows will do.
Don't expect to work your horses
sixteen hours a day just because you
do.
To produce milk a eve must have
good food and an abundance of fresh
water.
The hog house should be built on
high ground so that 1t will have good
drainage.
The feed for the mother eve is an
important item in securing growth In
the lamb.
Silage is to be one Of the great
feeds of the corn belt in the not dis
tant future.
When you are fattening hogs. it is
easy to make the mistake OF giving
too much corn
The hog is considered a dirty AMI
NAL, but no creature enjoys clean,
dry bed more than hog.
Kafir corn alone is said to make
large quantities of excellent silage
very nearly equal to corn silsge.
The citizen., 1911-06-23
Pageants for Populace

Mall, Trafalgar Square. Whitehall and
Parliament street. On the following
day, Friday, the king and queen will
make progress in state through the
metropolis, by way of Constitution
Hill. Piccadilly. st. James's street,
Pail Mall, Trafalgar Square. the
Strand, Fleet street, Ludgate Hill, St
Paul's churchyard, Cannon street, Lon
don Bridge. Southwark. st. Georges
Circus. Westminster Bridge road,
The citizen., 1911-06-23

reminder OF the salvation OF the Scots $50
legend says from the Danes, who. walking
barefoot TO surprise the enemy, trod on the
spikes OF Scottish thistles and. crying out
we're betrayed
After these have been put on. the two spurs
are taken from the Altar by the Sub-Dean,
who hands them TO the Lord Great Chamber
lain. who. kneeling down. touches the Kings
heels with them.
Then the Sword OF State is girt about the
King after he has received il into his right
The citizen., 1911-06-23

intimated that he will accept from the
Universities of oxford and Cambridge
the Bible to be presented to the king
on the occasion of his majesty's cor
onation in Westminster Abbey. The
Bible, which the king will kiss before
signing the oath, will be finely bound.
and will. of course, contain the
Apocrypha. The Bible will ultimately
be officially preserved at Lambeth pal
ace, together with that which was
used at the coronation of King Ed
ward. This will be done by his ma
jestys command.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

the Queen likewise After which they pass to
the West door OF the Abbey, their Majesties
wearing their crowns. the King bearing in his
right hand the Sceptre with the Cross, and in
his left the Orb. and the Queen bearing in her
right hanr her Sceptre with the Cross. and in
her left the Ivory Rod with the Dove.
glowing, glorious and moving spectacle
which words cannot convey. The blaze and
sparkle OF colors and jewels, the sea OF Grim
son velvet and white ermine like wave-crests
The huge Standards Of England. Ireland and
Scotland. and the Standard of the Union; the
Embroidered Cushions for the Crowns and
Rings: the knights of the Orders in full dress;
the Heralds with their Tabards and their fan
tastic titles Unicorn Pursuivant, Portcullis
and Rouge Dragon Pursuivants. and the Kings
of Arms Garter Lyon, Clarenceux. Ulster and
Norroy host OF quaint and curious names
and offices
Nor is this all. No detail but is carefully
arranged as for example this list OF what the
Peers and Peeresses must whereby their
rank is shown.
THE PEERS.
For all: A mantle OF crimson velvet edged
with miniEer. The cape furred with miniver
pure. and powdered with bars or rows OF er
mine lie. narrow pieces of Black fur accord
ing TO their degree The use of this fur, mini
yer, or vair for persons of high degree. is OF
very ancient origin. dating from the time in
the Middle Ages when persons of all ranks
wore hoods of some kind of skins One could
tell in the fourteenth century who were
knights or mobiles al tournament by the min
liver of their hoods. Sable. ermine. vair and
girls were reserved for the use OF the kings
and mobiles; other ranks wore squirrel and
lamb. peasants wore badger and cat skins
The cape worn today on the Peers mantle is
the remains of this custom.
Barons wear two rows OF ermine
Viscounts wear two rows and a half
Earls wear three rows.
Marquesses wear three rows and half
Dukes wear four rows.
These Robes are worn over full Court
dress, Uniform or Re egimentals.
Their Coronets are to be OF silver gilt; the
Caps OF crimson velvet turned up with ermine
with gold tassel on the top; and no jewels
The citizen., 1911-06-23

Westminster Bridge, Whitehall. and
the Mall At the entrance of the city,
where Temple Bar formerly stood, the
king and queen will be welcomed by
the Lord Mayor and the city fathers.
will receive an address Of welcome,
and will touch the ancient city sword
of state rendered him by the lord may
or for the purpose. in token of submis-
sion of the city to his sovereignty. The
king and queen will be escorted by
a brilliant cavalcade. and the streets,
as on coronation day, viii be lined
with some $4,000 troops, under the
The citizen., 1911-06-23
MAKING A H0G-TIGHT FENCE
Piece of Wire Attached Will
Prove Effective.

l have had no little amount o.
trouble fencing against hogs, for
stretch the fence as tightly as l could,
some old sow or pig would eventu-
ally press the wire up between the
posts and let the whole bunch out,
says writer in the Farm and Home.
A year ago / tried the following de-
vice for keeping my hogs from lifting
the fence:
Take brick or small stone for a
weight and a piece of No. wire long
enough to fasten around the weight
with three feet extending, and sink
the weight two and half feet in the
The citizen., 1911-06-23

ground directly under the bottom wire
and half way between the posts. lamp
the earth firmly over the weight and
then bring the bottom wire of the
fence down closely to the ground and
fasten it to the wire that is on the
weight This holds the fence down
firmly to the ground and there is no
hog that can raise it up.
The citizen., 1911-06-23
GOOD DIPPING VAT FOR SHEEP
Every Farmer With Flock of TweEty-
FIVE Animals Should Possess
One-Concrete Is Cheap

A fzrmer owning as many as tSen-
V-fve sheep should have a good
dipping vat These may be made Of
wood, metal or concrete For q
smaller number Of sheep than twenty
I'VE, the barrel used to scald the pigs
win do If the farmer feels that he
cannot afford to purchase or build
q vat
A good galvanized vat ten feet long
and four feet deep made purposely
for dipping can be purchased for
about s12 There are smaller sizes
than this that can be purchased for
less money. Concrete watts can be
built at a normal cost Three or four
farmers can club together and pur
chase one Of the galvanized tanks and
hani it TO their respective farms as II
Is wanted A dipping vat for sheep
should be narrow enough to prevent
the sheep turning around in it, and
deep enough to swim large sheep
The length Of the vat should depend
upon the number OF sheep man
keeps on his place, as the longer the
vat the greater the number of sheep
which can be dipped in a day. There
b considerable variation as to the
The citizen., 1911-06-23
PROPER CARE FOR THE COLT
Better te Let Younester Stay In Barn
Than Follow Mother All Day
Accidents Are Avoided.
,By W. F. PURDUE

Nearly every one aims TO give his
brood mares about weeks rest after
foaling. but on few farms are sufficient
horses kept so that they can be al.
lowed longer period Of rest than
this
When the mare Is again put into
the fields, shah the colt be allowed
to follow the mare. or kept in the
barn2
The latter Is the better place In
many ways. II the foal Is allowed TO
follow its mother TO the field, to
trudge after her all day long, it win
The citizen., 1911-06-23

hand This
sword is in
a purple
V e | ' e I
3 c a bbard.
After he
has g n
girt with it
a d h as
been Z
horted TO
do justice
with ii. he
rises and
is ungird-
ed and the
noble N a n
W b o first
received il
redeems it
from the
A ! [ a T,
where It
has be en-
placed. for
the sum OF
on q hun.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

After the
Homage is
a S e C o n d
A c lama
ton. This
is followed
by t b e
A n o hitting,
c. 70 wning
a n d En-
throning of
the Queen.
Next in
ord er do
he Kin g
and Queen
receive the
Sacrament.
having TAX
en- of their
crowns. Be-
fore this.
a S tn e y
kneel. the
King makes
his offering
of a Pail or
The citizen., 1911-06-23
Selecting a Ram.

In selecting ram always pick out
one that stands square on his legs,
shows courage. and masculinity. A
slow, pokey animal will prove a dis
appointment.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

ShurryiDg world OF today stands still for one
moment to perform q great and solemn cere-
mopy and creamcolored horses perform
ethe work now done by fiery motor-cars. and
stately walking takes the place Of rush and
sbustle. Letters commence We greet you
well, and request in sonorous terms the pres
ence OF great people with ancient names. fur
lnished and appointed as your rank and quail
ssty appertaineth' and end with And so We
IBID you most hearty farewell"
: Claims OF rank. OF past service. Of old rights
land privileges pour in. In the midst Of quick,
active life. in q mechanical. colorless time.
suddenly. blazing like the pages Of an Hlumi-
mated Mssal come claims OF people who as
Jpire to the titles OF the Kings Larderer. the
Herbstrewer the Butler Carver. Waferer. 10
carry up the Courses. TO bear the Silver Cup,
20 carry the Orb or one OF the Sceptres or
perform some Office as Sergeant Of the Silver
Scullery.
Il is a proof Of the powerful charm that ap-
peais to all people in dressing up in relieving
the dull monotony OF this black-garbed day BY
the crimson and scarlet Of the past.
Even the Dean and Chapter OF Westminster
are affected by this appeal They put in a
claims for among other things. Six els OF
dark-colored cloth. Ten yards Of scarlet. Six
yards OF Sarcenet Two pieces OF double
worsted" These for the Dean. And the third
part OF Tun of Wine and Fish according to
the Bounty OF His Royal Majesty for the Dean
and Chapters Repast Scarlet cloth and
crimson velvet cups Of gold and silver and
all manner OF perquisites are claimed by those
holding Office
A tangle OF history begins TO unwind slowly:
the Garter of Edward the Third the white
satin trunk hose Of the Elizabethans the
atrophied remains Of hoods. OF insignia; man
ties swollen or diminished crowns and cor
onets of shapes set down hard and fast BY
rule, colors unalterable. costumes laid down
By law. Nothing is rgotten. The strangest
mixture OF the ages.
The citizen., 1911-06-23
Improvino Sheen.

A sheep farmer near San Angelo.
Tex. has during the past two or three
years brought over several carloads
of fine French Merino sheep. He is
using them to raise the standard of
his own flock and to improve the
breeds in his part of the state.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

flower dating Tar beyond the
Tudor Rose as il is repre-
sented. and beyond the York
ist and Lancastrian rose,
and having more affinity
with the golden rose Ed
ward the First wore in his
helmet. The Shamrock is
that plant used by St Pat
rick 10 illustrate the lesson
of the Trinity 10 his follow
ers And the Thistle is a
The citizen., 1911-06-23

command OF Field Marshal Lord
Kitchener Windows along the route
have commanded enormous prices,
and SO much money is being spent in
renting these points Of vantage, from
which to watch the procession. that
Lloyds is doing an enormous business
in the way of insurance against loss
resulting from the possible abandon
ment of the progress through the
metropolis, for some untoward reason
or other
Bible for Coronation.
- n.~kn~huNx has
The citizen., 1911-06-23

In this will be
found echoes Of old
sumptuary laws. as,
for example: Ed.
ward III. 1858. Furs
OF ermine and let
tice and embellish-
ments Of pearls. ex-
cepting for q head
dress. were forbid
den to all but Roy
atty. or mobiles pos
sessing over one
thousand pounds a
year. Today the
length of every
train, the arrange
ment OF the ermine.
the forbidding Of
The citizen., 1911-06-23
French Horse Rreeders.

Every year France spends S4,s40, 900
to encourage horse breeders to main
tain the quality Of their horses.
The citizen., 1911-06-23

dred shillings, and then carries it bare during
the rest Of the ceremony
The King is then invested with the Armilla
or Stole. of cloth OF gold suitably embroidered
and then with the Imperial Mantle, or Pail Of
The citizen., 1911-06-23

the wearer, Just as the ermlne spots show Il
today on the fur OF the peers hoods. II was
an hundred-and-twenty garters for a duke, an
hundred-and-ten Tor a marquis. ninety for an
earl. and sixty for a knight bachelor. In this
reign the material was changed from cloth 10
velvet lined with satin. Henry the Seventh
The citizen., 1911-06-23

Altar Cloth of ten yards in length offered in a
roll. and an Ingot of gold of pound weight.
Then the Queen makes her offering OF a Pail,
and Mark weight of gold in like manner as
the King.
The citizen., 1911-06-23


cites of ribbon and the garter round the right
leg under the knee. The mantle is without
collar and is drawn together at the neck oy
long cordons OF blue silk ending in big tas-
sells OF mixed blue silk and gold thread
The Nantes of other Orders are, for the
Thistle. rich green velvet lined with white
For the Order Of the Bath. rich crimson satin.
The Order Of St Patrick, sky-blue satin. St
Michael and ST George. Saxon-blue satin.
The King. having been Anointed seats him
self in King Edwards Chair. then, after the
Knights OF the Garter have resumed their
seats. he again rises and is invested with two
garments OF ecclesiastical significance, the
Colobium Sindonis and the Supertunica The
first yestment is in shape like q sleeveless
monks frock. or an alb. and is made OF fine
white linen with an edging OF lace round the
border. and flounce OF lace. nine inches deep,
at the bottom This vestment is the second
OF a priests Mass vestments. the first being
the Amice which Kings do not wear.
The Supertunica is OF the nature OF a
priests Dalmatic and the privilege OF wearing
It was granted to Abbots. and to Kings and
Emperors 1t is made OF cloth Of gold and is
woven with the signs OF the Imperial Eagle.
the Palm Branch. the Rose. the Shamrock and
Thistle The Rose is for England. Englands