davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
TOP WORKING YOUNG FRUIT
TREES.
If Grower Has Undesirable Varieties
OF Fruit Grating Solves the Prob
lem of Getting Better Kinds With
out Having to Plant q New Orchard.
CBy J. n. FRANDSON.) }
(By O. B. WHIPPLE.

(By -. Is. W HlPPLE.)
Top working as a means Of eStab-
fishing weak growing variety on
stronger root system than its own is
now coming into favor. Some varie-
ties OF apple susceptible to attacks
Of root rots and other diseases, could
no doubt be successfully grown on
roots OF varieties which are apparently
resistant. Broken and diseased limbs
may be saved by grating and pro-
gressive fruit growers who desire to
test new varieties can best do it hv
grating lew cions into bearin &
trees.
Systems Of grating over old trees
have long been pTacticed and expert
ence has proven that, if properly done.
top-Worhing brings quicker returns
than the replanting Of young trees It
is not uncommon to see fairly good
crop on the three-year- -old top of a
top-wOrked tree. Trees prcparlv
worked-over give tops as desirable ana
sometimes more SO than trees of the
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
posureddex
SII4AGE FOR SHEEP.

It is believed that greater care must
be had in preparing silage for sheep
than for cattle. Sheep require a sweet
and dry silage. Thickly planted corn
cut before 1t is we'll matured, does not
make ideal silage for sheep. Corn
planted about like field corn, har-
vested and put into the silo when 10
begins to dent, has proven very health
ful to sheep, and they have done well
upon it. If clover hay is fed in con-
junction with this silage, cheap and
satisfactory gains may be made in
sheep fauening
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10
same variety grown from first-class
ct0

Some years ago the fruit grower
looked upon the practice or SraIunS
as a mysterious art and upon the man
who went about doing the work as
sort Of wizard; as matter of TACT II
is so simple that any careful orcharols.
can and should do 1t himself. All or
our common fruit trees can be easily
grated or budded.
In grating young trees in the heid
it is probably we'll to do 1t as early
in the life Of the tree as possible. AS
soon as good strong framework can
be secured the tree is ready for top
working. The small size Of the stubs
make cleft or inlay grating difficult
and kerf-grafting (used when the
wood is very brittle) almost out Of
the question.
A style OF grating known as whip
grating is we'll adapted to working
small stubs of young trees. With this
method it may be possible to set the
cions after one years growth in the
field, but it is doubtful whether much
time will be gained by such practice.
The cion should be as near the size Of
stub as possible, if anything little
smaller. The joint should be well
wrapped with waxed cloth and to be
doubly sure all air is excluded, may be
painted over with a warm wax.
In grating young trees it is a COM
mon practice TO remove all Of the top.
placing cions in those arms one wishes
to keep. It IS always We'll to work a
few extra stubs as accidents may be-
fall some Of the cions. The season for
top grating the young trees is the
same as for old trees.
Budding is a simple method Of put
ting a new top on your trees.
While the process Of building is a
little more delicate than that Of graft
ing, the average man can, with a little
practice, get very, satisfactory results
Buds should be placed as soon as the
top is we'll formed, setting one or two
in each scaffold limb that is to be
retained. The buds are generally set
from six to twelve inches from the
main stem, depending on the forma-
tion Of the head. Trees two years old
when set may generally be budded
the following fall, and should yearling
whips make a strong growth, the arms
may be large enough to receive buds
in September Any stem as large as
q leadpencil may be budded quite
easily. Arms in which buds fail to
start may be grated the following
| spring. Should arms fail to appear in
the proper place it is quite possible to
supply them by setting buds directly
into the body of the young tree. When
the buds begin to push into new
growth they will require about the
same care as gratis Pinch back to
strengthen the stem.
The simplest form Of budding is
that known as Shield-building The
position for the bud is chosen with
reference to the prevailing wind, pro-
lection from the suns rays, or to best
form the top Of the tree. The most
important factor should be to deter
mine where the bud should be placed.
1t is we'll to place the bud on the shady
side Of the stock, if possible. A
T-shaped incision is made in the barl,
and the corners Of the bark below the
transverse cut raised to facilitate
starting the bud. The bud is then cut
from the bud stick by starting the
KNIFE hall an inch below the bud. cut
ting under and to about the same dis
tance above the bud.
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10

In Order That Our Dairy Prouuc's
Nav Rank Higher More Auentloh
Must BE Given TO Heaitn hu oa"
itation as Relates to the -.erd anu
the Barn.
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10

whether they can afford to go withou.
= Those who have installed such aii
equipment are usually pronlp' 49,
answering this question Win an en-
nharic NEGATIVE.
The farmer and mechanic., 1911-01-10

partly because there is larger acre
age OF apricots than Of cherries and
nartlv because the bulk OF the crop is
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
ENCOURAGING BRIGHT PUPILS.

Parents and educators everywhere
will be Interested In the experiment
new being tried In the Cincinnati
public schools of establishing class
room for especially bright pupils.
which would appear to be the logical
accompaniment of the classroom for
backward pupils. The proposition
that 1t is as unfair to hold back the
apt or clever child In the ranks of
the mediocre as it is to speed the dull
pupil to pace he cannot maintain
sense. 1t will be argued with much
force that the system which makes
provision for caring for the backward
pupil cannot be justified without pro-
vision Is made for accompanying the
needs of those who can advance more
rapidly than the average. says the St.
Paul Pioneer Press. The proposition
simply provides for the application
to schooling of the plan. that is gen
~toAAJ a0ORtCu anu iOiOWGu III tuC
business world. where wage scales.
chances of promotion and all the adj
vantages are based on the ability of
those employed to advance rapidly in
one line or another. This has not
been the rule in the school where the
system has been adjusted to meet the
requirements of the average pupil.
with special provision made for those
below the average. The net result Of
this system has been retardation, for
which the pupils are not to blame |
The Cincinnati educators have decid. !
ed that the old system of trying to
make all children fit the same edu- |
cational pattern is unsatisfactory in |
general and particularly unfair to the
bright pupils. who are to be given spe-
ciai attention under more sensible |
and equitable method.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
GERM IS DISCOVERED
continu-

suits in the examination. Continu-
ing. he says:
The bIoods examined were from
ten different cases of acute poliomyel-
tits In children and were taken during
the epidemic last summer, and from
thirteen cases Of the disease in the
acute stage. which had been produced
experimentally In as many monkeys.
Blood smears from three normal
human beings were carefully examin-
ed and, although the search for these
organisms was diligently made. none
was found. Smears were made from
the blood Of thirteen normal monkeys
with negative results After inocula-
ton with the virus these same mon
keys give positive results.
"Smears from the cords and brains
of paralyzed monkeys and from one
human case were examined, but none
of the organisms was found. Defibrfn-
ated blood, three weeks to two months
old. from two paralyzed monkeys.
increased numbers. Cultures made
from the blood of paralyzed
monkey In various forms, exam
ined after being inoculated three
weeks, showed the presence of the
organism in increased numbers. Sue
cess In isolating the organisms has
not attended our efforts as yet"
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
MANY TRAMPs IN NEW YORK
Count At Gotham Municipal Lodging
House Shows Alarming Increase
in Numbers Over Year Ago.

New York.-From the count kept
at the municipal lodging-hoLses Of the
homeless who seek shelter there II IL
deduced that Migrants have doubled
In number in New York recently.
During the month of April 16 900 per.
sons were sheltered there, as com
pared with 1850 In April, 1910. This
years figures are I've times the rec
ord for April. 1907.
Omcers of the charity organization
society say that the increase ia mt
confined to the city but is noticeable
all over the country.
Records show that the vaerancv
evil is assuming alarming proper.
TONS says q statement by Superin-
tendent BlatchIey. The only remedy
in sight for this condition is the es.
tablIshment of farm colonies where
the labors of these men may be util
lied to meet the expense OF their
maintenance"
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
LONG KISS CAUSES TROUBLE


New York.-"G Goodbye, Eda; / do
hope you have delightful voyage.
I'm going to miss you q lot"
I'm going to miss you. too. Ode: l
wish you were coming"
Picture two women aboard the Caro-
MIA bidding each other goodbye. They
are chums. and every word is pune
tuated with kiss.
The whistle has footed for all hands
ashore. the gangplanks are pulled
away, the tugs strain at the hawsers
and the big liner begins to move.
Suddenly. between kisses. one Of
the affectionate pair comes back to
earth. They realize that the voyage
has begun and that there is one per
son aboard who never intended to be
a passenger.
Heavens. what shall do? / prom
ised to meet John for lunch. and had
some shopping to do this afternoon.
Won't somebody stop the ship and
take me ashore?" This appeal was
made by Mrs. Ode Baaken. a prettv
young woman. who lives at No. lilo
Pleasant way. Montclair, N. ]. She
had been seeing of Mrs. Eda soian-
der Of Ashland Hall, Montclair.
First q sailor was appealed to, then
. petty officer. then the purser and
then the captain. Mrs Baaxen grow
ing more and more excited as each
one shrugged his shoulders and re-
'erred to someone higher up.
Il happened that the tug John H.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
Micro Organism Causing Infan-
tile Paralysis Found.
Or. Samuel Dixon, Secretary OF Penn.
syivania Board Of Health, Makes
Remarkable Find-Hope Of
Final Cure Seen.

Topeka, Kan.-Dr 8. ]. Crumbine
secretary of the Kansas Board of
health. has received letter from DR..
Samuel Dixon. secretary of the Penn.
sylvania board of health, explaining
IN detail what is believed to be the
discovery OF the micro-oreanism
which causes infantile paralysis. DR..
Nixon does not definitely assert that
ne has found the germ. but he has
found an organism in the blood of
persons and animals which are affiict-
ed with the disease and the organism
does not appear in the blood Of nor
NAL persons or animals and it is not
described in any of the treatises of
germs.
lnfantiIe paralysis has been cpl
demic In parts of Kansas for two
years. Last year there was 1S9 cas-
es and forty-seven deaths reported
from this disease and the year before
there were eighty cases and eight
cen deaths. Scientists are working
hard to isolate the germ which causes
the disease and to work out treat
ment to prevent or cure It. Thus far
no cure has been discovered and the
germ has not been entirely isolated.
The discovery of DIR. Dixon is a great
advance and 1t may lead to the discov-
cry OF the cause and a treatment for
the disease
DR.. Crumbine and the physicians
connected with the state board of
health and the university medical
school are watching with great inter-
est the tests being made by DR..
Dixon.
In his letter Dr. Dixon says:
In examining the blood from acute
cases of poiiomyelitis Gnfantile par
alysis) in human beings and also in
monkeys, In which the disease was
produced experimentally. an organism
was found. different in morphologiclI
character from any heretofore de-
scribed. which may or may not. on
further investigation, prove to be the !
Geological factor in the causation of
the disease Blood smears being fixed
In methyl-alcohol for one minute and /!
stained with carbolthioin. the organ |
ism appears as family stained blue !
rod. with regular cell wall about ten
microns long and about eight-tenths
Of micron in width. curved at an
angle of so to rs degrees at one end.
occasionally at both ends At times
he curved end is dubious. Some of
he organisms apear to have a very
ineiy granular protoplasm when the
highest amplification is employed"
DIR. Dixon then describes the mi
'roscopes which gave the best re-
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

In putting its ban on the common
drinking cup" the New York Board
OF Health is doing a good thing. The
public drinking cup is q carrier of in.
lection and the habit of using an In
dividual drinking vessel under all cir.
cumstances might be good to acquire
There are folding cups Of metal. rub.
Der and even of paper. which one can
keep about the person without dis.
comfort and can get at trifiing ex.
pense. Scarlet fever. diphtheria. influ.
enza and even tuberculosis are trans.
missable. and are frequently trans
mitted. through promiscuousiy used
water glasses and teacups.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

The famous auto expert who broke
bis neck In an effort to establish new
speed records might have given his
life in a better cause. A man, 1t is
true. can easily find out If human
manufacture can stand the terrific
strain put upon 1t by these speed ex.
periments. but II he finds to the con-
trary the knowledge is seldom of any
use to him. nor does its acquisition
serve even the minor purpose of being
warning to Others. The need of the
age is to learn more how to enjoy life,
rather than faster ways of rushing
through 1t.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
EATS MANY EGGS ON WAGER


Brockton. Mass.-George Ward IL
New England's latest champion eater
He won $50 bet in that city by eat
ing eighteen fried eggs In fourteen
minutes. Having won the money.
Ward ate six more eggs and a pound
OF cheese to satisfy his hunger.
Ward lives at 654 Main street.
Brockton, and is trolley conductor
on the Old Colony line. In the car
barn one night an argument turned on
how many fried eggs a person could
eat in fifteen minutes. Ward OBJ
served: II can do fifteen"
A $50 betting proposition was nut
over. and Ward said it was a shame
to take the money. but he would win
that bet. The other night the fried
eggs against time match was pulled
OF.
Ward won the money in a canter.
He ate eighteen eggs in fourteen
minutes. going three eggs over the
mark in one minute less than the
stipulated time.
Then he said: I'm kind of hmm.
cry. Just bring me half dozen more
fried eggs and pound of cheese. And
better bring cup Of tea, too. Water
Is kind of fiat with the eggs" Then
he finished his meal.
With the eggs. the cheese. the tea
ana the money. Ward strolled home.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

the bran is digeste and furnishes the system with
elements that not contained in any other part of
OF the wheat. The bran also aids digestion in that
it prevents clogging of the stomach (dyspepsa and
bowels. There is no heterogeneous alimental value in
the oran as was thought years ago; that lies in the
gluten part OF the wheat. Whole wheat -four, further,
is cheaper to manufacture, it requires only one
process, one grinding of the kernels
II the American people people would accept their
national bread cereal nature has endowed it, they
would be as true and stalwart race as the Scotch
are, whose diet chiefly is oatmeal Cruel oatmeal
bread and oatmeal cakes, all eaten with bran which
nature furnished for purpose
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

Nichols, which had just finished trrn-
ing the liners nose down stream, was
still at the bow, SO the Caronia's cap
tain told the distressed lady FROM
Montciair that If she could Chamber
down a rope ladder she might keep
her date with her husband ashore.
Mrs. Baaken made her way gingerly
down the swaying ladder amid the
cheers of the amused passengers.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
Serious
Mistake in
Five-FOOt
Shelf
BY C. S. DUKE

PROFESSOR Eliot has died in the faint distance not at all ont
place 70 approach the matter in For liberal
be easily seized by the average of today IT has * d Vii
m ma OF character building and culurea panaknp ro
cess with but little admixtu of the enjoyment to be had ont
Tue BOOKS furnished by the Pulmancar libraries such as con
sltute the current literature of today. -
Those who earnestly desire what Dr. had in mind whom 10 -
ieIed his list OF books will find enough ve-foot library to b
these who will approach the with determina;
knowing full well that nothing while can he ohtan5
corresponding amount of effort put into attempt
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A serious mistake was committed by a
great part of the American public when it
assumed that the five-foot library suggest
ed by ex-President Eliot of Harvard was
to become popular. The officials of our
public library caught the spirit, with the
result that for some weeks the few books
through the reading of which the sage of
Cambridge declared one might obtain a
liberal education were placed on a special
shelf accessible to all.
Now that the books have been removed
and the reverberation of the last editorial
Joke cracked ON this ill-fatad uopt,, es
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

England is worried over the $4,000.
600 annual destruction inflicted by
rats. Most thinking people. are. and
what worries most is that the meas
ures for wiping out the pests are re-
eeived by the rodents with cheerful in
difference.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A New Yorker named Jones has
asked permission of the courts to
change his name. 1t behooves the
1.Ooo.oOo.ooO bearers Of that honored
monicker to arise in protest.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A Harvard professor has solved the
riddle OF the sphinx. but 1t is safe to
assert that he doesn't knew why the
harem skirt is.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A French physician injected radium
Into worn out old horse and made 1t
risky as colt. There is hope for
our ancient racehorses and baseball
players.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A Texas man sold $4,000 snakes
last year for prices ranging from 25
cents to $3.50 each. Nobody can justly
complain that the price of snakes is
high.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

Wealthy men cannot always do as
they please. judge wouldn't allow
Cornelius Vanderbilt to cross his legs
In court.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

An Iowa professor claims that cold
weather In spring is good for the fruit
crop. Evidently the wolf cry from
Georgia was false alarm.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

Let us not abolish the cat Just vet
Doctor Young tells US that the rat IL
the original and busy conveyor OF
germs.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

New York reports the theft OF SIS.
600 worth OF hair. That's what come.
OF leaving # around on the dresser.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

A scientist says that normal man
has large feet and normal woman
small feet. This seems to settle the
question outside of Chicago.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
Wheat
Bread
Reasons Why
Not More Popular
With People
By GEORGE BRABBIT

Ho wheat bread not more popular in this country because
the American people are consuming large quantities of proed
or heterogeneous food, chiefly contained in meat which whole
wheat also contains in much larger percentage over white
-four Should persons whose diet largely consists of meat
eat addition thereto good portion of whole wheat bread
for time they would find themselves growing tired of that
regimen because Of the additional poted upon which they
already feeding abundany There would then be
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

of silence.
some men are effective, and some are
merely noisy.
II you have nothing to say, say it as
briefly as possible.
A political prophet is without honor
save in his own party.
We feel pleasantly sorrowful over our
enemy's misfortune.
Inc more shirks by the shirkers. the
more work for the workers.
= friend in need is not nearly so inter-
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
HOME FOR AN AMERICAN AMBASSADOR


OR the the history the United
home been provided ambassador
the large European bill
through providing Of diplomatic residences
In foreign capitals
at Berlin last fall when Ambassador
the Drake sasse The change
old system
cept |: mission in Europe.
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

with its plentiful proe charge been eaten from childhood 70
maturity and old but instead mostly and white bread That
why those who have whole wheat bread eating trial are found
erng back to an almost exclusive meat pod white bread diet
they accustomed that and their systems have had To
reeol back to white bread or less proteid eating
Another reason why whole wheat bread popular is the fact
that people general nature and whole
wheat being somewhat the tissues adjust themselves and
become hardened This hardening process the direct result from
tne addonai mineral salts contained derived
TO tho If
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01

Why all this nonsensical ouest;on;no :.
the harem skirt? =
Is 1t yet ten years since our streets wsro
MED with women mounted ON BICYCLES. in
boomers that did not reach below ~.
knee? Ae
ana was there one-tenth SO much stir
over their adoption?
Is the woman at the seasbore Who w..r,
bathing suit that comes short of ber
ankles declared immodest?
Isn't the harem skirt the sanest and
most sensible garb ever worn by the fem;.
nine sex?
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
ssFronn
Under the
Flying
Chaff''
BY A. w. MACY
-. Author Of
Shostcut Philosophy''

c. - ~, es'iis as one VINO is prosperous.
resistance n o the gre
the goats. p od not Tram
under it. 'ier ne is on tt
in honesty. p0'' graduate C
ATLANTA stopping pick up the golden apples lost ~.
hus proving that even in mythology mortunes
Copyright by Joseph B. Bowels,
The Colfax chronicle. [volume] (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, 1911-07-01
Gives
Strong
Approval
for Harenn
Skirts

vote would show so cent of the sex ayornp II and
contending that 1t is altogether modest : '