davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

This useful coat might well be made
In tweed or rough serge. 1t has the
upper part set to the basque under
the waist-band. which is of material
cut the reverse way. as also are the
cuffs and collar.
The cap is of the same material as
coat
inches wide
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

One of our aviators claims to have
encountered an air serpent cavorting
hither and yon in the atmosphere And
we had been led to believe that avia-
tors were sober young men
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

A Toronto clergyman AYERS that
kissing is neglected art We pre-
sumo that he speaks of conditions in
Canada. Young men of America are
fully as brave as their forefathers
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
Fine PORK in Canada.

Up in Canada. where they raise little
corn, the farmers produce, with feed.
ing peas, clover and alfalfa, some of
the finest pork that is seen on the
English market.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
Just a Souvenir.

Old Gentleman-"Have you any mar
the same color as mine?"
Barber-"Do you require it for a
wig, sir?"
Old Gentleman-"No! l want a
small piece to give to lady."-Lon
don Opinion,
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

American husbands may be bores.
as a fair Anglomaniac tells us. but
they are not professional husbands,
as good many foreign noblemen are
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

1t may take one man ninety years
to count $1.0OO,00O. but when a man
has that much money he can afford
to hire men to count 1t for him.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

A Western man killed himself be-
cause his wife asked him to wash the
dishes. We wonder why he didn't put
on his hat and beat it."
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Five people have been poisoned by
canned mushrooms. The only safe
mushrooms. it appears. are those that
are never picked
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

When New York imports chorus
girls it gives them French of Spanish
names. That's probably because most
of them come from hated Chicago
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

A German has invented an artifi-
cial sponge. This variety. however.
will not expect you to buy smokes
and drinks for It
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

The Chinese admiral finds fault
with American women's skirts. but
he is mum on the subject of tight
shoes
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

However Kimmel isn't the first man
to come home in such condition, that
his own mother couldn't recognize
him.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Thomas A. Edison says America is
ahead of Germany In aviation. The
undertakers of our fair land second
the motion
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Thomas A. Edison says the present
day fashions In women's clothes hurt
his eyes. Tom always was a sensible
Teller.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

The young men who are trying to
fly from coast to coast are having
their ups and downs-mostly downs.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Aviation is not yet above the chance
OF accident.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Feminine fashion is doing its best
to improve on nature.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

A beauty expert says that happiness
is the best cosmetic known. but will
1t remove freckles?
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

The one way to help worthless
man along is to administer swift
kick in the proper place.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Somebody has invented an "avia-
ton cocktail" but the aviation scent
cigar IL slow in appearing.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
orannes Exnorted.

Florida and California oranges were
exported last year to the extent of
962,229 boxes. worth s2.445.559
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Paris has decreed that the corset
must CO." Yes. 1t will go where 1t
usually is put
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Pennsylvania Hay Fields.
The hay fields of Pennsylvania av.
eraged eighty pounds more per acre
than those of other states in the
Union during 1910.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
Natures Wise Economy.

Mature knew what she was doing
when she deprived fishes of voice"
How do you work that out?'
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

New Jersey driver named Ham.
Loads of eggs. Smashup. All that
was lacking was a cup of coffee.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Ladies' muffs will, according to ad-
vance notices from the fashion en-
porinms, be much larger during the
coming winter than ever before. This
l =. .aacn 1t may he nacRSSarY
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Every properly cut diamond has
from fifty-eight to sixty four facets.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
nlah PORK HeIps Mutton.

HIgh PoTk TeIps Wuttoh,
The high prices of pork during the
past few years has helped the mutton
market.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

Wrestling is not a popular sport
because II is lawful and humane
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

The new comet has no tail and a
tailless comet is a sorry spectacle.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17
Nature is a Wise Merchant

A Californian has invented ma
chinery for pumping warm air out
of freight car and filling it with
cold when perisha-le articles are to
be shipped short distances.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1911-11-17

warships are nearly always loaded.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
New Corporations.

The following corporations have hleo
certificates of organization at the once
of the secretary of State:
Hawkins White Agency, organized at
Augusta. for the purpose of conducting
a general real estate and brokerage bust
ness, with $4,000 capital stock, of which
nothing is paid in Officers: President
f. ]. Pike of Augusta; Treasurer, M. NJ.
Farrar of Augusta. Certificate hled
Aug. Is. 1911
Eureka Chemical & Worsted Co. or
ganized at Portland, for the purpose OF
manufacture and sale of chemicals, dye
stuffs, soaps, szings and softenings, with
$500 GOO capital stock, of which nothing
is paid in Officers: President, Ernest
NJ White of Portland; Treasurer. Ernest
NJ. White of Portland. Certificate filed
Aug. Is, 1911.
American Zine Co. OF Illinois. organized
at Portland, for the purpose of mining,
quarrying and preparing for market, zinc,
lead and iron, with $4,000 capital stock. of
which SIS is paid in. Officers: President,
c. A. Hight of Brookline, Mass, Treas
urer. H. p Sweetser of Portland. Certi-
fcate filed Aug. Is, 1911.
Island Week Coal Dock Co, organized
at Portland, for the purpose of owning
and operating wharves, docks, piers and
coal pockets with $4,000 capital stock, of
which So is paid in. Officers: President,
C. A. Hight of Brooklyn, Mass; Treas
urer. II. p. Sweetser of Portland. Certi-
dcate filed Aug 15 1911.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
BOW DOiNAAM CASE RECALLED
BY Petition for Pardon of Melvin Res
sey, Who Killed His Wife.

Hon. George r. Weeks of Fairfield
filed, Tuesday, at the office of seere-
tary of State, petition for the par
don of Melvin Besset, of Bowdolnham.
formerly OF Fairfield, who is serving
a life sentence in the State prison at
Thomaston for the murder of his wife.
Louise Bessey, in May, 1897, at Bow
doinham The pardon is asked upor
the ground that Bessey has been suf-
ficiently punished fer his crime, and
his petition for pardon bears the sig
natures of several hundred residents
of Fairfield. Benton and Waterville. 1t
is expected that hearing will be as
signed at the Council meeting
Wednesday.
The story of the crime is as follows
Bessey and his wife came TO Bowdoin-
ham from Fairfield. about year be
fore the murder, and Bessey was en-
ployed upon the logs in BoWdoinham
Bessey was about 40 and his wife
about AZ. y quarrel had occurred some
weeks before the tragedy, and Mrs.
Bessey was making her home tenn
porarily with daughter by a former
marriage. Bessey arrived home on tho
evening OF Sunday Nav %, 1894, par
tally intoxicated, and is said to have
been jealous Of his wife and angry az
her leaving him He proceeded to the
tenement house where his wife was
stopping with her daughter, and. after
some conversation with his wife.
slashed the woman several times
across the throat with sharp knife.
intlicting mortal wounds. from the eff
fects of which she died, few days
later. Bossey was found guilty. in Sag
adahee supreme court, of murder in
the first degree and was committed TO
the state prison at Thomaston. Sept.
l. 1894, consequently he lacks but two
weeks of having served Il years of his
sentence.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16

of it's fat it still contains much nutri-
ment. 1t is not as acceptable for drink
ing purposes, but it is valuable for maxi
ing soups, gravies, chowders, and pud-
dings In all recipes for cooking with
sour milk sour skim milk may be used
and Dutch cheese or schmierkase made
with sour skim milk with the addition
of lit. butter and salt is a product
not TO be despised.
In cake mixtures calling for unskim-
med milk. SKINNED milk can well
enough be used if one remembers to be
a little generous with the shortening
Custards made with skinned milk are
every whit as acceptable as those made
with unskimmed.
No sour milk should be thrown away
unless the housekeeper knows that 1t
soured under unciean conditions-as in
a room where much dust has been raised
or unless it has stood so long that red
and blue mold has gathered on il. Even
milk that curdles when an attempt is
made to scald it can be used for maxi
ing cheese or, when cold. in any way
that sour milk may be used.
Most housekeepers who use sour milk
in cake or bread mixtures neutraliZe it
by addition OF a teaspoon of soda to
each cup of milk, but that is too much
soda half teaspoon to a cup is
enough. There may be little acidity
left still unneutralized, but il is better
TO have a little acid than to taste the al
kali of the soda.
When using thick, clabbered sour
milk, it should be whipped with n Dover
egg-beater till smooth in order that the
curd may be broken up. More uniform
results will be secured in this way.
When sour milk is needed and there is
none on hand, the housekeeper can pre-
pare il by adding teaspoonful of vine
gar to a quart of milk and letting il
stand for fifteen or twenty minutes.
Housekeepers who want buttermilk
may have this at any time, though they
do not make butter and do not live
where they can secure the fresh article
from a creamery. They have but TO buy
the buttermilk producing tablets at any
drug store and use them according to di-
rections By doing this they will have
the kind of buttermilk that is sold at
most soda fountains.-Mrs. Melinda l..
Manchester in N Y. Globe
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16

again. | don't know how to express
my thanks for the good it has done me
and | hope all suffering women will
give Lydia f. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound a trial. 1t was worth it's
weight in gold. Mrs. J. p. ENDLICH,
K. T. ID. No. T. Erie, Pa.
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com
pound, made from native roots and
herbs, contains no narcotic or harm
full drugs, and to-day holds the record
for the largest number of actual cures
of female diseases we know of. and
thousands of voluntary testimonials
are on file in the Pinkham laboratory
at Lynn, Mass, from women who have
been cured from almost every form of
female complaints, such as intiamma-
ton, liberation, displacements, fibroid
tumors, Irregularities, periodic pains,
backache, indigestion and nervous
prostration. Every suffering woman
owes it to herself to give Lydia Z. Pink
hams Vegetable Compound a trial.
If you want special advice write
Mrs. Pinkham, Lynn, Mass, for it.
1t is free and always helpful.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
HOME TREATMENT FOR
TUBERCULOSIS.

Many people have cured themselves of
tuberculosis by using Eckman's Altera-
tive This is not new medicine. 1T has
saved after other methods failed. lnves-
tigate our atfidavits Start taking the AL
terative, and your improvement should be
certain From one who knows
220 So 4th St. Colwyn Darby, Pa.
Gentlemen; For four years ! was
troubled with cough. A physician pro-
nounced my case Consumption, and |
was ordered to a Consumptive Hospital.
NV nephew would not allow me to go un-
til had tried Eckman's Alterative,
which i did. ] am in excellent health
now, and have been for ten years. !
strongly recommend it." -
(Signed) (MRS.l MARY WATSON.
Fuller details of above case on request.
Eckmans Alternative is for Bronchitis.
Asthma, Hay Fever; Throat and Lung
Affections. For Sale by c. B. Murphy
and other leading druggists. ASK for
booklet of cured cases, and write TO
Eckman Laboratory, Philadelphia, Pa,
for additional evidence.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16

rom said original road. So much of the
Did location as it embraced in the new
s not to be at any time hereafter aban-
Toned.
The Bangor and Aroostook Railroad
has also presented a petition to the
board of railroad commissioners for a
crossing at grade Of the town highway
1t Grand Isle leading from the Van
Buren-Fort Kent stage road toward the
st. John river: also a petition for a
branch railroad track to the lumber mill
IF the Grand Isle Lumber Co. and it's
appurtenant buildings in the town of
Grand Isle. The railroad commissioners
will probably order a hearing upon these
petitions upon their return from Rock
land, where they went Tuesday. to hold
l hearing upon the Warren trolley wreck
IN the line of the Rockland. homaston
< Camden Street Railway
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16

Burrir attended the Tooth anniversary
of the town of Addington Thursday.
Arthur Colby has purchased the
property of the late Joseph l.. Per-
kins and will move here from Brewer
next month.
Mrs. l.. NJ Blood and Mrs. Amos
johnson attended the Field day of the
Penobscot Pomona Thursday at Orono
sARGENTVILLE.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Harding OF
Cambridge, Mass, who have spent the
past two weeks with Mr. Harding
parents. Mr.. and Mrs. H. B. Harding
left on Saturdays boat for their home
Wylie Bayard has gone to Hudson
Mass, where he will be employed FOL
a time.
Miss Gertrude Cover is spending hel
vacation with her mother. Mrs. Lydia
Cover.
Mrs. Susie Redman and children
who have been spending a few weeks
with Mrs. Mary Milliken, have return
ed to their home in Newton Upper
Falls, Mass.
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Grindal have
been the guests of Mr.. Grindals par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. George Grindal. Mr..
and Mrs. Frank Grindal are also WIS.,
iting friends here.
Mrs Harold Dunn and the Misses
Dresser of Bangor have opened their
cottage.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Downing are
spending their vacation with Mrs.
Downing's mother, Mrs. Sarah Bill
lings.
Roland CIapp of Roxbury, Mass, a
former Sedgwick boy, who is now a
Salvation Army officer, Tuesday eve
ming conducted the chapel service.
Rev. c. c. Koch of Washburn. a
former pastor, occupied the pulpit
Sunday afternoon and was cordially
welcomed by his friends.
Pref. Spade of Wilmington, Del.
gave, Sunday evening. a stirring tenn
peraree address. we'll calculated to
arouse the voters to the peril of the
State.
Harold Dunn and Miss Hunt, of
Bangor arrived Saturday on Steam
er fremont.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harvard Grindal of
Lynn Mass, are among the recent ar
rivals.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
THE OLD HOME CHURCH.
Sunday Day Long to Be Remem
bered at Bowdoinham .Ridae.

August 13, 1911, will long be remembered
as a red letter day in the calendar of the
Bowdonham Ridge Free Baptist church.
Two hundred invitations had been sent
to former members of the church and
parish to be present at the morning SER
vices in the old Brick meeting house on
Old Home Sunday.
Among the 1856 in attendance were Mr..
and Mrs. BENJAMIN Sanford of Farm
ingdale; Mr.. Frank Williams of New
York; Miss Ella Burger of Philadelphia; ;
the Misses Burger of Jersey City; Mrs
Orin Small of Boston; Mr.. and Mrs
Ralph Small, Fall River Mrs. Viola
Card True, Alma; Mr. and Mrs. Bruning-
haus and Mrs. Wilson Doe Worcester
Miss Elizabeth II. Coffin. Sprink Valley
Mrs. and Miss Hulse, Lewiston; Mrs. M
j. Sadler, Brunswick. or those who are
still young at four-score and more years,
were Mrs. Sarah Small. Mrs. Emma Fos-
ter, Mrs Rachel Wilson, Joel Card. Otis
Card, Josepha Hall, Benjamin Sanford.
Mrs. Mary SHELTON.
Letters We're received from Albion 5.
Whitmore, NJ D., Boston; NJ. b. Lewis.
NJ. D. Sag Harbor j. L. Whitmore, M
D., Buffalo, N Y; Samuel Knight, Suffer
Creek, Cal; A. f. Small, Richmond; &.
f. Lambert, Buffalo. expressing regrets
that they could not be present and show
ing their interest in the cid home church
by the generous gifts enclosed for its
financial support The program of service
was:
DoxoIogy. Congregation
Invocation
Anthem Choir
lr,'a NJ
Singing, CORONATION" Congregation
Scripture Lesson .
Solo, CLOSE TO Thee Mrs Ralph Small
Prayer
Response, 'holf
Announcements
Solo, Come Unto Me,
Mrs Viola True
Sermon nastor. Rev. f. +. Crockett
Solo. Consider the Lilies. Mrs. True
Singing, God Be With You TIN We
Meet Again"
Benediction.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16

M. August IA. Mr.. bennett will give,
in the evening, an illustrated lecture.
entitled among the Colored People"
with accompanying songs.
Frank Chase has recently had a tel
ephone installed in his home.
Mrs. George Jeffrey of Brooklyn, N.
Y, is visiting her sister. Mrs. Georgia
Dixon.
John L. Davis is at Orr's Island for
a tWo-weeks vacation.
Ned Lawrence of Gardiner has been
a guest at Maplewood farm
Mr. and Mrs George Day, of Au-
burn, were Thursday the guests of
Mrs. Alice Bibber and family.
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Myrick of Au-
| Point or Wednesday, and spent that
night and Thursday with their old
neighbors on the Pond road.
| Mrs. Amos Wheeler of Somervi!!e,
Mass. is spending her vacation with
Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel A. Maxwell.
r. d. Bibber is visiting his brother
at Harpswell.
Mr. and Mrs. w. r. Webster are
planning to attend the reunion of the
18th Maine Regiment at Camp Corner,
Long Island. Aug. %.
Mr.. and Mrs. Linwood Bubier were
at Lewiston Friday to see Mr.. Bubier's
mother, who was recently operated on
at Central Maine General hospital
Mrs. Din of Lisbon is visiting her
brother, Hollis Coolidge. Sunday, Mr..
Coolidge had a telephone message from
Lewiston that his brothers wife had
passed away.
Mr. and Mrs. George Wilson, and
Mr.. and Mrs. George Maxwell of
Webster, took a trip Saturday 20 Bid
deford in Mr.. Wilson's new automo-
bile
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
HANCOCK
DEDHAM.

Joseph L. Perkins SO years old, died
Wednesday at his home at the VIII
lage, having lived here Il years pre-
vious to which he lived in Boston. Two
sons, Fred A. of Maiden and George l.,
Perkins of Boston, and one sister. Mrs.
Hannah NJ. Pond of Dedham. survive
and have the sympathy of large cir
cilcle of friends. The funeral was held
Friday from his late home.
Hadley Burril and family. Frank
W. Fogg and family, Herbert L. Black
and family and MIR. and Mrs, Harold S.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
FOUR PARDON HEARINGS.
Are Assigned for Meeting of Governor
and Council, Wednesday.

Hearings upon pardons, assignment
of dates for future pardon hearings
and the confirmation of nominations
made b. Governor Plaisted since the
iost council meeting, including that OF
a member of the Board of Dental EX-
laniners and the recorder of the Mill
noeket municipal court, viii be among
the matters which will occupy the at
tention Of the Governor and Councl
lat the August meeting which occurs
Wednesday commencing at 10 A M.
Four pardon petitions are in order
fer the hearing at this time. The mos
important of these is the petition fol-
the pardon of Samuel T. Haynes, who
was committed to the State prison al
IThomasto in September, 1879, for the
murder upon June II of the same year
of Paurolman James p Robbins Of the
Rockland police force. A pardon fol
HAYNES had been asked several times
before, under different administrations
but has always been refused by the
Governor and Council The petition
sets forth that Haynes was but 2;
years old when the crime was COM
mitted, and that he has served a SEN
a lifetime, and has fully expiated his
crime, which il was alleged was nc
more than manslaughter 1t is further
claimed that he has reformed during
his long term i'll prison, and will make
good citizen if released. Hon Her
bert NJ. Heath of Augusta will appear
at the hearing as counsel for the petit
toners.
Another petition for pardon that will
be heard Wednesday is that of Frank
j. Palmer who has served Is wears
and 10 months of life sentence in the
Maine state prison at ThomaSton fol
tie killing Of Bctsey Hobbs, az Par
sonsiield, York county. The petition
for pardon states that Palmer was
guilty of nianslaughter and was only
10 years old when the crime was com
mitted. Either pardon or commute.
ton of sentence is asked for Lord &
Henderson Of Limerick are councillors
for the petitioner.
Hearings are also in order fo
Wednesday upon the petitions for the
pardon Of George II. Brown, the Port
land patrolinan who is serving a four
years sentence for breaking, entering
and larceny, and for Donate Orlandel-
la. o. Portland, who is serving an II.
months sentence for liquor nuisance
The 9rlandella case is similar to hat
of Ralph Irbann the South Portland
young man who Was pardOned BY the
Governor and Council at the july
meeting
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-08-16
ON ASHLAND BRANCH.
Bangor G. Aroostook Proposes to Make
Extensive Changes.

me Bangor & Aroostook Railroad
tuesday filed petition with the State
BOARD or railroad, commissioners for
changes of location upon the Ashland
pfahch, between the towns of Oakfield
ana Ashland for the purpose of improv-
ing the alignment and gradients of the
road. Important changes upon the line
OF railway upon this branch are involved
IN the petition, and include at least 10
distlnct deViations. located in the towns
of Smyrna and Masardis. and in Town
ship I. Range 8, Township s. Range 4,
Township 9, Range 4, and Township 9.
Range s. The petitioners stipulate that
so much of the original location as is
sought to have changed is not to be
abandoned until the railroad shall be
built and in operation on the new loea-
ton, and the rails and bridges removed