davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

than two years ago, when the price OF The
Tribune was reduced from three cents to
one cent n copy, the number Of It's columns
was increased from six to seven on a page,
and marked changes in typographical dress
were effected. The Tribune had 50 long
maintained the old price and the sX wide
columns on a page that the changes seemed
revolutionary to many Of It's readers. They
were, however promptly accepted and cor
daily approved. not only by the old con-
sutuency OF The Tribune. but by a multi
tudc Of new readers who were attracted
by the possibility Of getting Tor a single
cent more and better reading matter than
had formerly been obtained for three In
making this radical change there was no
cheaponng OF lowering of the tone OF the
paper or Of the high standards Of editorial
discussion and Of literary and art criticism
which had distinguished The Tribune from
ita earliest days. Tho net result has been
greatly to extend the constituency of the
paper. and 10 make it more than ever, in
the most literal sense Tho Tribune Of the
People
The seventy years OF The THbuncs cX-
istence have been marvellous years i'm that
history Of the world which 1t has been the
province Of this journal TO record
The Holy Alliance sun dominated the
continent Of Europe England stnl suffered
from the corn laws and slavery was an in
creasing power IN American politics when
Horace Greeley issued the frst number Of
The Tribune. Seventy years Is not long
time, and some living men remember that
first number; but that period, as marked
by changes Zoo thought and iu the physical
surroundings OF lie. is longer than "cyclc
~ tuthrE.' 20 tremendous uphc1,ai Ike
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

ing TO the creation Of park there were be-
gun at the end Of the Revolutionary War.
Previous TO that time the Old Hall OF Re-
ords was erected there as n Jail The cree
ton Of the present City Hall was author
lied i'm 1902. the cornerstone laid in 1893 and
the authorities met there ior the first time
IN 1911. During the Civil War the present
Postoficc site was used TO accommodate
United States troops After the war il
was sold to the federal government for 4
postonce site.
Madison Square Park laid out in 1870 as
park, was Grst laid out in 1875 as = Pot
ter's Field This was true, also. OF Wash
inSton Square Park which was laid out in
lI5I Then later Il became Washington
Parade Ground. and in 1871 plans were car
rcd out for its development as a park
Union Square Park was laid out I'm 1875 and
I'm 1872 was enlarged to its present size.
But not until the idea or large central
park was conceived i'm the latc fOs, was
The present large number Of city parks
made possible. To-day there are sixty
three parks i'm Manhattan and a number Of
undcycloped extensions and parkway.
Next To Central Park. which is said 20
have n valuation Of SJ00C0Oo" comes city
Hall Park. with 3lO00o0o of more. BRYANT
Park {22@00oo. and Riverside. NJ00.o0'
Central Park. with its Si3 acres, was con-
sidcred white elephant by many persons
when purchased, in 1852. when the city
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
How New York Grew
City Woke Up in lS4O and Never
Went to Sleep Again.
MARCH OF ENTER r p RlS E
Foundation of Great Metropolis Laid with Opening
of Aqueduct and Capstone Placed with
Building of Subways.

downtown section. 18th street marking the
new division Oldtime New Workers began
10 be amazed. They told how they had
advised Mr. Astor against building his ho-
tel so far uptown" only few years be-
fore. and pointed TO the north side Of the
City Hall. which was Of rough brick. while
the other three sides were of marble, u
prove that the fathers" had never dreamed
that the uptown side of the building ever
would be anything but the rear"
Hurrah! Every One Uses Gas.
Long before 1850 gas became common as
an illuminant-frgt in the big hotels and
shops. then in the private mansions Of the
rich. and finally in the homes of the less
prosperous classes. For a long time. how
ever, sperm Of. and candles continued to
be used by the poor as matter of econ
omy. and by many of the old Kncker-
booker families out of Difference TO tradi-
ton Steam power also came into general
use I'm places where only hand power had
been used. notably for newspaper presses.
All this time, OF course the telegraph was
constantly widening its field particularly
for commercial uses.
The harbCr Of New YORK was also I'M
dergoing great changes. The arrival OF
steam packet from Europe was no longer
looked upon as an event. and even when
the round trip running time was cut down
10 six weeks IT was all taken as a matter
Of course I'm the new order Of things.
Stately clipper ships began TO supplant
the old style sailing vessels in the trade
around the Horn, and this did much TO in
crease business with the Orient and the
Pacific Coast states And so the old mer-
camille houses grew greater and greater.
Great Influx from Europe.
For ten or twelve years prior to 1853
mighty tide Of immigration flowed into
New York from Ireland, Scotland. Germany
and other countries of Northern Europe
furnishing the brawn necessary to carry on
the vast new enterprises then under way
All this brought perpleXing political and
social problems which were met and mas
tered, not without great trials. The cX-
tension of the public school system. which
brought together children Of the native and
foreigner on the same ground did much
to remove misunderstanding in the second
generation.
In the mean time the side Of culture was
not overlooked The Astor Library,
founded by John Jacob Astor in lS4j, was
the first large public institution Of its kind
in the city. Grand opera was given every
winter, the theatres were gay nightly with
diverse entertainment. and scarcely a week
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
HISTORY OF THE NEW-YORK TRIBUNE--~l841-l -l9n

bankers. Famous men in every walk OF
life were in the audience Art, science.
politics and religion sent delegates to the
jubilee Wall Street had some OF its bright
est lights IN the house. Our little army and
our growing navy sent some Of their heroes
The farmers the backbone OF the country
were there I'm person The leading clubs in
the city were not without strong repre-
seHtat!vcs
The exercises we're opened with music by
the Metropolitan Opera House orchestra,
led by Walter Damrosch. 4 letter Of re-
grot was read from James 6. Blaine. Sec
rctary Of state. VINO was detained IN Wash
ington by official duties Major William
Mckinley. jr., then known as gallant
soldier aud q member of Congress. whose
name was identified with protection, but
whom fate had reserved for two successive
elections TO the Presidency then made an
address Following Major Mckinley,
Chauucey NJ. Depew spoke, and after him
Charles 4. Dana. editor of The sun" who
gave many interesting "reminiscences Of the
early days Of The Tribune The next
speaker was cx-Congrcssman Roswell g.
Horr. of Michigan. and then d poem, writ
ten for the occasion by Edmund Clarence
steaman. was read boy Professor Charles
Roberts. The last speaker was George
William Curtis, editor Of "Harper's Week
Iy." whose theme was "reminiscences Of
The Tribune" for which ho Did his earliest
literary work Among the letters Of which
a great number were received, was one
from tho venerable poet. John g. Whittier.
which was read hv Mir Dcpcw 10 the au-
dicncc.
Tho third Of tho three incidents referred
to was that ~ October 81. 1919. little more
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

Like the century plant. which grows for
a hundred years and blossoms In night
Now ork burst iato all the splcndor of a
metropolitan city about the year 1910. In
the ten years that followed the old knick-
ertocksr lothargv was shaken off, the pipe
Of contemplation was laid aside and on
every hand were heard the tap of hammer
and the clirk of the trowCL
The great Croton aqueduct. which had
been In process OF building for twenty
years. was pushed 10 completion. and in
1912 water was let into the reservoirs and
distributing mains. \ great celebration
tho most noteworthy up to that time in
the history OF the city-marked the occa-
sion President Tyler was the guest Of
honor. and men distinguished in all walks
Of life fockcd 20 New York from cities all
over the country
The beautiful fountains in City Hall Park
and Union Square Park had been com
pletcd. and when the water rushed through
the mains they began TO play-an unheard-
Of rrodigslity in tho use Of fresh water In
citv which had been dolns IT out by the
pint measure.
With water thus brought in abundance
under the streets Of the city. fear OF great
fires. up 20 that time the bane OF building
ENTERPRISE. was dispelled. Then the demon
Of demolition stalked through the city. and
hundreds Of antiquated shacks, fit only for
roosting places for bats, gave way for
newer. finer and more sanitary structures.
Things were in the saddle. The New
York Daily Tribune. then lusty infant In
The field Of Journalism made its voice
heard in a call. everywhere echoed, for
continued enterprise Railroad development
which had been tagging, took on renewed
energy. and transportation between the
metropolis and such cities as Philadelphia,
Cincinnati, Pittsburgh. and even New Or
leans. improved with amazing swiftness.
When the Erie Railroad opened its first
trunk line 10 DunSirk, on May H. 1881,
The Tribune said editorialy:
The iron track 10 Dunkirk is at length
CONNECTED and tho first train lCft this city
on Monday stopped for the night at Elmira
and arrived at Dunkirk about o'clock on
Tuesdsv evening. amid the rejoicing Of
fhousan1e who had gathered TO witness
rh. advent Of the FIRST train OF cars from
the banks Of the Hudson. Should not the
completion of this mighty enterprise ue
CommemOrated by our citizens
New York Becomes Centre.
This, II course. was only a beginning.
With other similar enterprises constantly
growing in magnitude, New York placed
herself in moro intimate contact with pros
Ferrous New England the awakening West
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
SAFE AND SANE 4TH UNKNOWN
Ben Butler and Seward Took Part IN
the 65th Anniversary.

They had not figured out a safe and sane
Fourth OF July celebration ir 1911, and the
slxty-ffth Anniversary Of American inde-
pcudence was observed with the usual Mill
tary parade. booths in the park for merry-
makers. the ringing OF bells, firing Of suns,
muskets. pistols and crackers from the
youthful laZ2aroni of the city. Ito the bitter
annoyance Of all persons OF quiet habits
and sensitive nerves
There were various entertainments at
theatres. gardens and other public places;
there was a great procession Of temper
ance societies with banners, water carts
with Benjamin T. Butler as the orator Of
the day.
Governor Seward came 20 town 20 receive
the troops In lower Broadway, and the
Society OF the Cincinnati gave dinner in
the evening. not more than five or six n
tho orilinal members survived. and of these
rot one was able TO take part in the fes-
tivit!es
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

1873 under a tvelve-year sentence. Two
years later, however. he was released on
the ground that a cumulative sentence was
Illegal Then he began TO fight c!vi. suits
OF more than <6.0ol00o. lie was sent 10 the
Ludlow street Jail. from which he escaped,
taking a ship 20 Cuba.
Although there was no cXtradition treaty
between Spain and the United States COW
erins the case. the Spanish government
gave him up TO the American authorities,
and he was brought back 10 New York.
lie died in prison In lS7s-the only one Of a
ring which founded a new school of graft
to suffer punishment.
Nearly all tho others associated with
Tweed. however, suffered business reverscs
and social ostracism. and nov AL of them
arc dead and charitably forgotten.
Neither the people OF the city nor Tam
many Hall profted much by the fate OF
Tweed. Ring rule continued, In one form
or another, all centring in Tammany un-
I'll 1924, when the LeNOw investigation drove
the Democrats out of power The Legisla-
ture did much to strengthen the hand OF
the reform Mayor (Strong) by comforting
large powers upon his Office. The Raines
law. designed to breal; the hold Of the
saloon element on political organizations.
was passed and the Mayor was empowered
to remove from Office occupants OF imp0r-
taut places I'm the government. In the
Presidential election two years after, New
York. for the first time in fifty years, failed
TO give the Democratic ticket a majority.
Although the city was cursed with gang
rule nearly al Of this time, IT'S growth in
ma foiial epieudor Continued amaZinQlV Not
only this. but the foundations FOR great re-
forms were being laid under the feet Of tie
bosses. Before 1900 there We're more than
1000 churches I'm Manhattan about J2j in
Brooklyn and I'm the other boroughs about
GO. The parks. the museums, the libraries
grew steadily and scarcely a week passed
without the announcement Of some new
public bcnefaction. The great Metropolitan
Museum. begun with 100000. grew to five
millions. and then to ten.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

Here too. though our government has
not changed. the seventy years have been
"a period OF advancement or course, the
great political achievement Of tho time was
the abolition OF slavery. Scarcely less I'M
portant was the peoping Of the west In
1871 there We're only three states beyond
the SsSippi-Louisaua. Arkansas ana
Missouri Texas was added IN Si5, ana
the discovery of gold in California IN -"
stimulated the Americanization OF the "a
cidc Coast. which was only firmly oouho
60 as with the completion Of the TRANSFORM
Mental railroad. Through the greater paV
Of these seventy years the United states
has fostercd It's industries by protecul'
,ari0i the benefits OF which are reaa "a
the statistics of our unprecedented e%po'"
to-day. That industrial development hs'
been accompanied 10y the growth OF sre''
combinations, which are sometimes cha1s',
To the tariff but they are characlerisu'
industries i'm ENGLAND and cn the coi'u"0
of Europe "a well as i'm America. I"o! o.
the natural elimination of the lndus"
evolution OF the period which began WV
the individual factory system In iuh N'sV'
As machinery became more ana moro ~
dominant In manufacture factories
larger, capital concentrated the ISL 81
became more complex. and finally fes'''N
in federation aud combination.
Looking back over the seventy ye" .ys
is to be seen that their great features ~"
been consolidation In tho tcld Oh ihuue"
nrorticaI ,pplication of electricity on
,,,., .cnlo IN tho neld Of science and We
spread Of free institutions III '"'
of government
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

city TO that soldiers services at the time
The great enterprise of laying the Atlantic
cable was pushed about this time. although
il did not become a reality until many years
after
In 1919 an amended charter for the city
was passed by the Legislature. IT provided
that the Mayor and aldermen should hold
Office for two years instead OF one. 1t es-
tablished nine executive Experimentation
lice. Finance. Repair and Supplies. Streets
and Lamps Aqueduct Board. City Inspec-
ton, Law and Almshouse departments.
Cloud of the Civil War.
New York awoke slowly TO Civil War
talk. and even after Fort Sumter was fred
upon efforts were made by influential men
to maintain peace. When these efforts
proved unavailins. the Chamber Of Com
merce and scores of big merchants act
ing independently plunged into the work OF
supplying sinews OF war The Common
Council appropriated 100000, and then
came the mighty meeting Of patriots in
Union Square. where 10000 people gathered
From that time forth New York became
the manstay of the Union.
When the city had sent all its available
men 20 the front the demand Tor more men
continued, until the drafting of men for the
army became necessary. This proved 10 be
an unpopular move for many Of those who
were drafted had large families. and to go
the front meant leaving them destitute.
The draft riots of 1863 followed. The police
were overwhelmed, and it was necessary to
call in the military to control the situation.
The part The Tribune played in these
stirring times is indicated by the fact that
the Office OF this newspaper and the home
of the Mayor of the city were the principal
objects OF attack. Tho draft was suspend
ed when S2.5Oo0o was appropriated by tho
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

a dimes worth of work for a dollar. The
Tweed courthouse, still standing In city
Hall Park. but long ago outgrown and al
most useless, cost the city snOOWo' al
though the original cost was to be only
$4,000
The Tweed charter. which abolished con-
troll Of the city from Albany, was passed.
II placed the government in the hands OF
q commission appointed by the Mayor and
wGs I'm many respects as obnoxious as the
recently proposed charter urged by Tweed's
latter day successor, Dir. Murphy.
The panic of '75 prostratcd business for
two years and gave the people time 10
settle with Mr.. Tweed and his gang. In
this work Samuel j. Tildcn took "A leading
part. The boss was sent 10 prison late IA
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
SHIP POUND CAKE BY TIE TON

Few people realize the cnormity ~ the
pound cake business. II is revelation TO
many 20 find that pound cake which is
baked I'm Brooklyn IS shipped all over tho
United States. exported 10 Canada, 90 the
West Indies and Panama. and when it is
consumed Is almost DIS fresh as the day
II was baked. The large pound cake con-
Germs ship cake D." the ton rather than by
the pound. The keeping quality of pound
~ I~ uuo pIUuuUN 20 utc high grade
II materials Jscd m it's manufacture:
purity ana utoiescmcness are paramount.
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
Continued from first page.

Continued from hrst page
bic forces which inspired the heart Of our
founder in a visible form. IN the shape OF
q soodly temple. massive in its foundation,
fair in its proportions and sacred in its
purpose. Tho new Tribune Of to-day, like
tho old Tribune Of the past is 10 be conse-
Grated 10 the development Of ideas. the eN-
position Of principles and the PRONUNCIATION
OF truth
"Thc Tribune. ia may bc predicted viii
continue 20 represent the intellectual spirit
OF the age. Faithful 20 Its past history II
Will welcome every new discovery Of truth.
Free from tbe limitations Of party in
phHosopnr or religion. in politics or sci-
epcc. 10 win embrace wider range O.
thought and pursue % higher aim in the
interests o. humanity. Watching with its
hundred eyes tnc events % tic passing
time. fl will wait for the flush Of the morn
ing twilight which harbinscrs the dawn OF
a brighter day. As we now place the 30
tive tablet ON it's rock bed. ict it f}mbohze
the radiant scroll Of human knowledge re-
posing on the foundation ~ eternal truth
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

Tho telegraph Is another Illustration Of
the wonderful fruition IA the period Of ear
Ter born ideas. Morse had invented his
system in 1899. and Wheatstone. in Eng
land, had patented the alphabetical print
ing device in the year Of The Trbune's
foundation. II was years later though
when the first American telegraph line was
built from Baltimore TO Washington IT,
1870 Wheatstone firs, proposed cable from
Calais TO Dover. and II is within these scy-
"ntr Years that the wonderful network OF
subn arine telegraph lines putting ms in M
slant communication not merely with
Europe. but with China. Africa and Aus
tralia has been laid Within it. too have
been invented the telephone the electric
light and tao dynamo. which has made pos
sible electricity as n power for Industry
and transportation. And now wireless
telesraphy Tor communication and aerial
navigation for personal transit have be
como practical and arpoDpttsb.d f....
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

the French Revolution has transformed tho
whole face OF civilized society. yet prog
ress. social and material. has been so rapid
that the man whose career ended i'm 1871
would be only little more al home in The
world to-day than ne who liycd abreast Of
advanced ideas in l7n. I'm the feld OF ma
terial achievement the seventy years mean
far more than the previous hundred
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
THE GOLDEN JUBILEE.

The second Incident was the public cclc-
Lratiou Of Tho TrDuue's Gfucth auuiyer-
sary. in the Metropolitan opera House 10
Now york. ON April TO- 1891. The nation
was represented by lbs Vice President, its
Secretary of the Navy and its Senators and
Congressman, who came 10 DO The Tribune
honor. Capital and labor. tho material
forces Of American prosperity and progress,
ga side by side boo box and orchestra chairs.
The iaw Was present iu great force, hand
500 hand With order. Commerce was there
lG d." rarb Of merchant princes aud great
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
THE PROGRESS OF THE WORLD.

NOT less remarkable have been the
growth and Improvements IN arts wcIl
known for hundreds of years before The
tribune was nine wears old when Sir Henry
Bessemer invented his process which reyo-
lutohized steel Industries. and lies AT the
foundation of ono Of ,lc chief sources OF
American wealth Agriculture has also
been greatly stimulated by inventions. In
deed. farm methods have changed more
TN seventy years than m previous hum
drcds. through all OF which nan. scvthc
ana sickle held their sway. The power
thrash6r tho moving machine. th, reaper.
and then the sclf-biudcr. arc now tho con.
mon tools Of thc farm The simplest OF
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29

city toward paying for substitutes for the
poor who were sent 10 tho front When.
subsequently, the draft was renewed, there
was no disorder.
Growth OF Wall Street.
At the end of the war another period OF
great enterprise began. stimulated by many
vast speculative projects. Wall Street
then as now. narrow, crooked little
street beginning at graveyard and end
Ing az a river" became the headquarters
Of a new school Of linanciers and captains
Of industry. In those days such picturesque
figures as Jay Gould, Jim Fisk. Daniel
Drew, Russc. Sage, Frank Work and
score of others cid their greatest work.
Tho first elevated railroad was projected
I'm 1866. and IN operation about two years
later This was known as the Greenwich
street elevated road. II was first operated
b. cable. but this power was soon SUP
planted By steam. 1t was looked upon as
joke from the first, and was a failure
financially The road was sold by the
Sheriff in 1Sd.
This first trial in taking traffic from the
surface Of the street showed the possibli-
ties OF rapid transit, and so II served its
purpose. The commission formed to make
plans for transit development soon had in
operation the Third avenue line as far as
42d street. This was in 1875 and soon after
this the Sixth avenue line was running
The Second avenue spur was not put I'm
operation until 1850
ono of the big improvements in uptown
New York following the war was tie
elimination Of the New York Central Rail
road surface tracks. This was accom-
pishcd by making q cut four miles long,
running south 90 42d street where the ter
mlnal was built. This enterprise cost
100000, only fraction OF the cost Of the
present great improvement. but i'm those
days making q record Of cost for work OF
this kind.
Work Of the Tweed Ring.
All this time the Tweed Ring was fastcu-
ing its grip on the city by methods then
new 10 politics. Vast expenditures for
public improvements were ordered and hno
boulevaIds and streets were laid out.
Broadway and Seventh avenue were Wi
dencd and contractors waScd rat by giving
New-York tribune., 1911-11-29
Libraries Spring Up

IN 1895 a new site for the College OF the
city OF Now York, az Amsterdam avenue
and 138th street, was bought. and the pres
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1911-11-10
Rroonncorn

The receipts of broomcorn here
the first three days of the week
are much better, and there is a
general idea among the buyers
that the crop will be practically
all delivered here by the first of
the year.
There were IL cars shipped from
Liberal in the week ending Octo-
Der %, and but one car last week,
making q total Of 1886 cars for the
season. The market has not been
very strong for the past week, the
top being $40. However. the
bulk of the corn brought here the
past ten days has sold for an aver
age of about 500 per ton. There
is still considerable good brush in
the country. which, we are told,
will be brought here as soon as
the market shows q better trend.