New-York tribune., 1911-12-03
New Cotton Scheme
Continued from firsG page.

These experiments have extended over =
period of two and half years, and II has
, been found the standards can be stored in
high vacuum where there will be abso-
lutely no possibility of any material change
| in appearance IN 100 years or even 1000
years.
The first experiments were made on
small scale. AS they proved prt missing they
were extended. with the object OF finding
out whether vacuum tubes of sufficient sizs
could be produced on a commercial scale.
The results Of these experiments were also
successful, and vacuum tubes are now be-
| ing manufactured OF extremely large sizs
and the standards are daily being put into
these tubes and stored away in a perma-
nent way, TO be broken from time to time in
the future so as to insure the absolute cons
sistency OF the American official grades.
No other grades in the world have eveH
been prepared and put away in this scien-
tifcally worked out method Of insuring theiH
permanency.
Although there is not the slightest scrap
of evidence to show that cotton will chanGs
its character IN vacuum storage, It has best
considered best not to neglect any means
q
samples as they are put into vacuum tubes
are tested for color. and three records made
by three different methods. First. color oc
the cotton is compared with standard ttntsd
glasses, which are combined in such a way
as TO initiate exactly the color Of the cotton.
These glasses are then placed In the sans
vacuum tubes 10 be compared with ths cot
ton when 1t is reopened at some distsns
date. Second, the color Of tho cotton ~
preserved by mixing chemically pure Pig
ments whose history In art shows them ~
have great permanency. Third, after thu
formulse for the mixture have been detsr<
mined, the ingredients are prepared seps-
rately and stored in vacuum; the idea be$
ing that when the cotton IS opened IN tbs
future these three known permanent chem-
ical pigments can be mixed in sccordancs
with the formulas stored with them and re-
produce the color OF the cotton. II when
they are so mixed they give the same tint
as the cotton II will be corroborative syt-
dence that the cotton has not changed IN
color. and vice versa.
The three methods are applied by using
the Ives tintometer. This is an optical de-
vice which records in the form OF mum.
tions Of glass prisms The instrument used
in recording the color Of the different
grades OF cotton is also stored in vacuum.
and the same instrument Will be used 10
examine the cotton when II Is opened in
the future. II the numbers originally de-
termined upon still represent the color OF
the cotton. this will be additional corrob-
orative evidence that the cotton has not
changed I'm color.
The desirability OF establishing a uniform
basis for cotton grading was long recog-
nlzed by great majority OF those in
terested in the cotton industry, and in the
act making appropriations for the Depart
ment OF Agriculture for the year 1909 ths
Secretary OF Agriculture was authorized
and directed 70 establish official standards
of cotton
A committee representing every branch
OF the cotton industry was convened IN
Washington to fix upon and prepare SAM
pies OF nine official grades OF white Amer
lean cotton, as required by law. Standards
and types of grades actually in use had
been previously secured from numerous
cotton exchanges and markets In this coun-
try and Europe This committee submitted
a unanimous report 10 the Secretary, fixing
nine grades as the official standards.
The next step was the preparation OF
copies OF these grades and then 20 offer
them for sale The committee recommends
cd that the grades should not 20 into cfece
until September. 1910
All the details OF preparation were stud
led out and a number Of important Inn
provements introduced. One OF the grest-
est improvements IL the introduction on the
inside Of the lid OF the grade box OF fuu
sized photograph OF the type contained In