Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1911-02-23

the limiting of cutting to trees of GER
t1in sizes, measure which was in
| troduced in our last Legislature; and
compelling owners to plant tree for
every tree cut
Among the greatest achievements are
! those of the French government in re-
foresting the slopes of the Alps at Il
| cost of s20,000,000, to check the tor
ronts and landslides; and the check
| ing of sand dunes on the coast by
planting immense areas with pine
Austria has done q similar work in
the karst, barren region north OF
| the Adriatic.
Most of the forestry work has been
Tor the purpose OF timber raising
rather than for protective reasons, as
| All OF the European countries use
more timber than they can raise wiz.
the exception of Scandinavia. Russia
ana Austria Germany although a
manufacturing country maintains
tariff on lumber to protect her tim
Der raisers from those in other coun-
tries who simply butcher what they
find already grown. This Is Of interest
| ment here to withdraw protection for
! maintain it for the manufactures
The underlying principle of forcs-
| try is to harvest from forest only
the equivalent of the growth so II 1t
requires one hundred years for a for
est 10 mature 100 of IL should be
harvested each year: If fifty years. 1-5O
each year This may be done by cut
ting that proportion Of the forest
clean. or by taking out this amount OF
material in tho older trees through
out the forest.
PROVISION at the same time is made
Tor new growth. IN northern Europe,
this is largely brought about by plant
las; but in the fir forests Of Southern
Germany and Eastern France. It is
accomplished by natural seeding as
sisted By several highly developed
methods of cutting.
Road construction is an important
part Of all forest policy as it is quite
as important to market the timber eco
nomlcally as to raise good crops In
mos, government forests the timber
Is sold at auction after being cut and
piled by the roadside.
rho forest administrations Of ten
various German states are entirely in
dependent and quite different. In some
there Is more or less control OF pri-
Nate cutting. In others, Prussia
practically none. All the lager Euro
pean states own considerable areas Of
forest lands which bring in large
revenues; and many municipalities
have small forests productive of high
revenues Thus the city Of Pontarlier
in Eastern Franco derives net income
of nearly SO per acre from its 1000
acres OF forest, and has just added
by purchase 400 acres more at cost
Of $4,000. This price should be a les
sides the protection to her water sup
son to us in Vermont to acquire State
forests while land values are still low.
SaNOny derives a net annual income
Of $500 per acre from it's 100000 acres
of forests; Baden $3.50 per acre from its
235, 900 acres; Wurtenburg s7.66 per acre
from its Al 900 acres. What would it
mean to Vermont fifty years hence to
have an income of 81 900. 900 a year
from 10000 acres OF State forests be-
plies and the examples to the private
owners of forests?
The following briefs represent some of
the addresses given Tuesday:
THE COMBAT WITH WEEDS.
tl5y G. p. Burns, Professor of Botany)
The weeds of Vermont are the cause
Of enormous losses to its agricultural
interests. causing in the case Of quack
grass. as has been shown by experiment,
as much as 81 per acre per year. This
/ on he is of
o the following facts:
Weeds use the plant food and the water
from the soil; crowd out the farm crops;
increase the cost of tllage and harvest;
decrease the value OF the crop in the
markets by lowering its grade; poison
stock; and harbor disease. In one or all
these ways the farmers of Vermont are
laying a terrible unnecessary toll In
The fight against weeds the first step
is to stop their Introduction. They are
| introduced in impure seed bought from
, rresp onsible dealers in feeds for dairy
I cattle and are spread on the dolda in
manures. one sample of clover seed
analyzed by the station contained Is
lifferer, kinds of weed seeds among
which were eight of the most damaging
weeds Of Vermont. \ pound Of this seed
Z
20 the acre then would SOW for the
, farmer 10000 weeds. 1t IS as essential
hat a farmer should he well acquainted
with these enemies as that lie should
recognize his agricultural friends The
methods for combating weeds are chief
| ~ cultivation. which IS effective in some
cases. and treatment with chemical
| sprays, iron sulphate, etc. In the case
of kale 1t has been demonstrated that
70 to lCo pounds of iron sulphatc dis
solved in 81 gallons Of water viii entirely
eradicate kale from one acre without
injury to the crop Only those weeds
whose leaves can he wet by the spray
can be eradlcalcd in this way.
| A demonstration Of the IS worst weeds
in Vermont titled fields and the two
worst weeds in Vermont pastures was
made.
| BORDEAUX AND OTHER SPRAYS IN
THE FIELD
O3y r. F. Lutman, Plant Patholoeist)
Sprays are used for preventing the at