Evening star., 1911-01-30
Brunswick Is Famous foI
Sausage and Gingerbread.
TOMB OF HENRY IS THERE
Modern City, But Has Churches Of
Historic Interest.
EXPANSION WAS HIS UNDOING
Real Founder of Holy Roman En-
pire Aroused Jealousy of His
Underlords and Pope.
EY WILLIAM F. CURTIS

BY WILLIAM +. CURTIS.
Written for The Star and the Chicago Record
Herald
The ancient city Brunswick is famous
for its sausages. asparagus and ginger
bread, which are exported to every corner
OF the universe, and for its historical as
sociation. 1t was founded In 1893. but
had no Importance either in politics or
commerce until the next century, when it
became the capital of Henry the Lion,
one of the most splendid figures of the
middle ages, who made an empire of
Germany of greater area than Bismarck.
Later Brunswick became the capital of
the Saxon Westphalian section of the
Hanseatic League, and thereby gained
great commercial Importance until about
1870, when that organization lost its mo-
nopoy of trade.
Although Brunswick is quite modern
city in some respects, it is filled with an
tiquities, and has one of the finest as
sortments of ancient churches in Europe.
and "reminiscences OF that energetic
prince, vino built most of them.
In the cathedral which Henry the Lion
erected in i1I; after his return from the
crusades in the Holy Land is group of
tomns which have the creates; interest
Matilda. his consort, who died in lS9, a
daughter of the King of England. occupy
4 limestone tomb executed about the year
l.Ga. which is considered masterpiece of
Saxon sculpture. In the north .ransept
is similar sarcophagus containing the
remains OF the marg1aviane Gertrude,
grandmother of Henry the Lion who died
IN 1l1t. Near the cnoir is the tomb of
the Emperor Otho ", who died in 121S,
and beside him are those OF his son,
grandson, Otho the Mild. and his consort,
and the tombs OF several other German
rulers of the middle ages.
A Thousand Years Old.
The Romaaesque altar, resting on five
columns of bronze was presented to the
cathedral by the Empress Matilda. and
a seven-branched candela brum, adorned
with fantastic monsters. was presented
by Henry the Lion at the same time. In
the treasury YOU can see his we'll worn
manuscript copy of the Gospels bound in
silver. his drinking horn and several
other relics. 1t is difficult to believe that
they are nearly a thousand years old, and
have remained here undisturbed so long.
Henry the Lion was the first of the
great rulers of the world to realize that
ii is difficult to civiliZe men or convert
them to Christianity by killing them and
burning their homes. He recognized that
The savageS and semi -barbarians that
made up the greater part of the popula-
tion of Germany in the middle ages could
be more useful to him and his govern
ment alive rather than dead. He there
fore introduced new policy. Instead
of eXterminating the natives he endeav-
ored to conciliate the wild tribes that
occupied what is now known as the Ger
man empire. and introduced among them
the arts of peace and profitable indus
tries. He was remarkably successful.
Heextended his domains from the North
sea to the Adriatic. from the Baltic to
the Mediterranean and from the Danube
10 the British channel, including more
territory than Charlemagne had gov
erned and more than has ever been un-
der the German flag since his time.
But his expansion policy proved his
ruin. His energy provoked the jealousy
Of his underlords, his independence Of
Tended his holiness the Pope. and in 1855
Frederick j, called Barbarossa because
OF his red beard. was crowned King of
Germany and Emperor of the Holy Ro-
man empire by Pope Hadrian Nv i'm
place Of Henry V, and marched north
ward gathering an army as he went TO
beard 1.-The Lion in his den because OF
his lack OF reverence for the Pope. Bar
barossa not only defeated and scattered
his army. but placed Henry under the
ban of the church.
Henry remained defiant until he was
thoroughly beaten, when he set fire to
his castle i'm Brunswick, and escaped
down the river Oker in a fishing boat.
Barbarossa joined the third crusade and
was drowned while crossing river in
Asia Minor.