Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-05-24
SCOPE is EXPLAINED
AT MOHONK CONFERENCE
Undertaking Will Be Carried on in
Three Divisions.
IS DISCUSSED BY DIR. BUTLER
Prof. James Brown Scott Will Head
Section on International Law. !
other Appointees Announced.

MOHoNK LAKE. y. Y. May 24-At
the opening today of the seventeenth an
nual meeting of the Lake Mohonk Con-
ference on International Arbitration.
President Nicholas Murray Butler Of Co
lumbia University. presiding officer OF
the conference. for the first time made
public the plans of the Carnegie endow-
ment for international peace.
His announcement, containing the
| scheme of operation and the names Of
appointees, together with an outline OF
the work. was the first the trustees of
| the fund had made. II was considered
Of international Importance.
DIR. Butler also predicted, with au-
thorfty," the establishment OF the inter
national court of arbitral justice before
the time of the third Hague peace con-
ference. DR.. Butler said:
The trustees of the endowment have
taken a broad and statesmanlike view OF
its aims and purposes While they do
not overlook the value Of the work of
the propaganda and intend to aid In
carrying II on, they believe that the time
has come when the resources OF modern
scientific method and of modern scholar
ship should be brought to bear upon the
problem of international relations. They
believe that the leading jurists and econ
omists of the world should be set at
work In the service of humanity to as
certain just what have been and are the
legal and economic incidents of war. and
| just what are the legal and economic
advantages to follow upon the organiza-
ton of the world into a single group OF
| friendly and cooperative nations hound
together by the tie of q judicial system
lresting upon the moral consciousness OF
mankind. from whose findings there can
tbe no successful appeal. The plans of
the trustees have been formulated With
these ends in view.
Plan Three Sections. :
TT has been determined by the trustees
! of the Carnegie endowment TO organize
| the undertaking committed to their
charge as great institution for research
| and public education and to carry on its
| work in three parts or divisions di-
vision of international law. q division Of
| economics and history and division OF
| tercourse and education. Otherwise
| stated, these three divisions will repre-
| sent the juristic. the economic. and,
| broadly speaking. the educational aspects
| of the problem before the trustees. which
| is to hasten the abolition Of international
| war by the erection OF an international
judicial system competent to hear and
| to determine all questions OF difference
| arising between nations.
THE division of international law will
L
Brown Scott whose services at the De-
| partment of State. at the second Hague
| conference and in connection with the
American Society and Journal Of Inter-
| national Law are too well known to
need specific enumeration. This division
| will promote the development of interna-
| tional law by study, by conferences. by
| aiding negotiations and by publication,
| and will assist in bringing about such a
| progressive development of the rules of
| international law as will enable them to
| meet with constantly growing adequacy
| the needs Of the nations OF the world in
| their turiSttc relations toward each other
| Furthermore. this division of the endow-
! ment will aim constantly to inculcate the
| belief that intercourse between nations
| should be based upon correct and def
| mite idea of international justice. To the
| perfectfng and clarifying of the funda-
mental conception of international justice
this division will assidously devote It
/ self.
IAN this study and activity have for
| their object the Fastening OF the day
| when the principles and rules of inter
| national law Will be clearly appre-
| hended and so satisfactory that the set
| tlement of international differences and
| disputes in accordance with their terms
| will become the unvarying practice of
| civilized nations.
| Board of Consultation.
For this purpose the endowment will
board composed OF some OF the most dis
tinguished International lawyers In the
world. The point of view OF each great
nation Will be represented In their coun-
ellis. and the results to be arrived at will
be the joint work OF 5urtsts OF every
school and of every language. II Is not
| too much to hope that by the influence
| of these scholars the International law
| of the future will prove to be without
| the division between the law of peace
and the law OF war whioh is now char
acteristic Of II.
.srhe method which obtains In the do
| main of municipal law affords a model
| and an example for the method to be ap-
| piled in the field OF International law. We
need. first, an agreement as to the funda-
mental principles which should regulate
the rights and duties OF nations In their
| mutual intercourse. which principles
would then form the substantive law of
nations.
THE Hague conference has solemnly
declared that the maintenance of peace is
| the supreme duty of nations. For the
execution OF this supreme duty adequate
means must be provided II they are at
hand they should be strengthened; IL they
are not at hand. they must be brought
into existence. A study OF the struggle
in the history Of Europe between self
redress and the judicial settlement OF
private disputes. and Of the steps by
which private warfare was abolished and
civil actions were made detarminable by
courts of law. will help to convince the
nations OF the world that the very meas
ures which they have taken within their
several borders to do away with self
redress and to establish domestic peace
and order are precisely those which will
establish order and justice and assure
peace between the nations themselves.
This whole process u one Of legal evolu-
| tion.
Division Of Economics.
THE second division OF the work o6
the Carnegie endowment will be the d.
vision OF economics and history. It
will be under the direction OF Prof. John
Rates Clark of Columbia University.
whose foremost place among English
snea king economists u gladly recognized
everywhere. The division Of economies