davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Humus is decayed vegetable or
animal matter. Leaf mold is
practically pure humus. When
cowpeas are turned Under when
plants rot away. when manure is
applied to the soil, humus is pro-
Quoted. Some one has said that
''humus" is the most important
world in the English language
for the Southern Farmer. Why is
that so? Let us see what humus
means to the soil.
1. Humus is itself a plant
food, because it consists in part
of nitrogen, phosphorus and
potash,
2. Humus improves the texture
of any soil, making it easier to
till.
8. Humus fills mp the pores in
clay soils enabling them to hold
more moisture; it makes clay
soils compact, increasing their
power to absorb water.
A. Hnmus being dark, makes
the average soil darker, and
therefore warmer.
5, Humus produces, by its
decomposition, humic and other
acids, which help to liberate the
plant food that is held in its in
suluble form in the soil,
6. Humus affords a good
home for the many germs or mi
crobes that inhabit the soil and
improve it.
So important to Southern soils
is decompored organic matter
(humus) that every farmer
should turn under all vegetation
on his farm which is not used as
fuel, and when it is fed should
be returned to the soil in the
form of manure.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Also Usefu! to Tell Passershy What
Owner Wants to Sell or Buy.


Owner Wants to Sell or Buy.
II. o. Barnhill. a Montana ranch
man. was the first farmer in his To-
cality to use a blackboard. and he
found it a great advantage on his
ranch. The idea was such good one
that it was adopted by a number of
ranchers in that country. The name of
the farm and owner thereof are print
ed on the board in plain view, and no
tees to buy. sell, rent or hire may be
written on it, The blackboard may
also be used to announce neighborhOOd
meetings, and by placing the board
on tie public road nearest the farm
it will be of great convenience to
neighbors and advantage to the owner
of the place.
The board should be coated with the
preparation used ON school black
boards. as ordinary black paint does
not take chalk well. The board costs
about 1925 complete-Orange Judd
Farmer.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
TROLLEY AS FARM AID.
Michigan Electric Lines Aided In Dis.
posing Of Fruit.

Michigan Electric Lines Aided In Dis.
posing Of Fruit.
The advantage of handling big crops
Of fruit by the trolley lines was illus
rated in the lower peninsula Of Mich
igan In 1911 to an extent never before
realized. Had it not been for the
electric lines Of two Of the states
handling this class Of traffic the dis
posal of the apple, peach. pear and
other crops would have met with loss.
Only a couple of years ago there
was but one line Of electric railway
hauling fruit out of Berrien county
orchards to the steamship docks at
Benton Harbor. Now there are about
half a dozen. Some of the lines rush
trains Of fruit from points west of
Elkhart, Ind, to the steamboat docks
at Benton Harbor. These points are
over 100 miles from Chicago. the great
est market Of the entire region. Con-
signments Of fruit leave the orchards
late in the afternoon and are loaded
into express cars and fat cars with
Grated ends and sides. Trains are run
on fast time and stop only to pick up
fruit. and from certain points they do
not stop for any purpose. At Benton
Harbor the fruit packages are loaded
on great side wheel steamers and car
ried through the cooling atmosphere
of Lake Michigan, reaching Chicago
about a. N. From the Chicago docks
the big supply intended for consump-
ton in a city of over 100000 people
is distributed early in the forenoon.
. But Chicago does not begin to take
all of the fruit produced by the great
orchards of two states. Millions of
packages are shipped off over most of
the twenty-five different railroads ra-
dating from the city. They are haul
ed from the docks to the depots and
there are given 10 the express compa-
MES operating on the railroads. 1t is
at this point that the advantage of
shipping across the lake comes in.
Had most of these shipments been sent
by rail the cars could not have been
given to the belt line in time to con-
meet with the outgoing trains in the
morning, and thus serious damage to
fast ripening fruit might have been
done. The steamboat company could
not have got the products Of distant
orchards had it not been for the rapid
electric lines, so that it is only by a
combination of the work of three diff
ferent means of transportation that it
has been possible to market phenome-
nally big crops of fruit. The rate of
the entire electric and lake haul is not
more than the cost of one direct ship
ment by rail to the same point. and il
some instances it is less.
Another advantage of shipping fruit
by electric lines is that refrigeration
is unnecessary.-Coun Gentleman.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
Shoots Father.

Flint, Mich, Nov. 20-With a
loaded shotgun in his hands and
uttering threats to kill the whole
family, Frank Young, fifty years
old, was shot down and instantly
killed by his daughter, Mrs. Mar
ion Mills, at the latter's home
near here Sunday.
According to the story told by
Mrs. Mills and her husband,
Francis M. Mills, Young came to
their home in search Of his wife,
whom he had driven from his
own home last Friday.
When Young reached the door
he asked for his wife. who was
then hiding in the cellar. Mrs.
Young refuses to return home
with her husband or to speak to
him alone.
Immediately after his Wife re-
fusal, according to the Mills
statements. Young drew his gun
to his hip with a threat to kill
the whole tribe. |"
Mills grappled with his father
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
STORING CELERY.

Sweet and crisp celery may be kept
on tap for several months by removing
the plants from the ground with good
supply of earth on the roots and set
ting them in IA box in the cellar con-
tanning four or five inches of mellow
earth. Care should be taken to moisten
the roots after the plants are set, and
this may be done by pressing the tops
to one side at the edge, fitting the box,
inserting piece of tin or paper and
pouring the water between this and the
side Of the box so it will reach the soil
at the bottom. If the tops are wet in
the watering process they are likely
to decay prematurely.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
A NEEDED CONSERVATION.

One hears much these days aboat
conservation, particularly that which
has to do with the outstanding anG
protecting Of forms of material wealth,
such as ores, coal, soil and water pow
ef. This is a praiseworthy movement,
but there is another type Of cOnserva-
ton that is of even more vital con-
Germ than that involving the relations
that exist in the myriad homes Of the
land. There is little question that
along this one line there are disstpa-
ton of vital energy and a destruction
Of the best wealth Of American homes
their peace and happiness-that are
of greater moment than the waste In
any material realm can possibly be.
This waste takes place in the pulling
and hauling, faultfnding, bitterness
and dissensiOn that curse and blast so
many homes, weaken and impoverish
so many lives, and in instances not
few actually induce fatal illness and
result in both murder and suicide.
The average person would call another
a fool who, instead of oiling a ma
chine which he wished to operate, put
acid and sharp grit ON all the bear
ings, yet in thousands of homes every
where this same thing is done contin-
ually-the wearing parts of the home
delqged daily with the acid Of bitter
ness and dissension and the grit of
selfishness and all around meanness
when these same bearings should be
kept clean and bright with cheerful
ness and fabricated with kindness and
real affection. The members of all too
many homes seem to have missed the
great fact that it is just as easy and
a whole lot more profitable to be happy
than miserable and that making the
former condition a reality is the no
blest kind of conservation.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
i arm ana
Garden
FOR SPREADING LIME.

Continuance That Can Be Made at
Home Easily and Cheapiy.
The accompanying cut shows home
made machine for distributing lime,
ashes. etc. The six cornered box is
hung on a by 4 scantling hewn down
so it will run through wheels about
four inches as bearings for the frame
to draw by. A tongue is not needed,
although one could be used. Any old
wagon or moving machine wheels will
do. Make the ends to fit axle. both
ends alike. doubled crosswise of the
grain of the wood with one inch boards
twelve inches wide. Fasten one end
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
Recipe For KilIino wssviIs.

Weevils in chestnuts. beans. peas.
etc., may easily be killed thus: Put
the chestnuts or beans into a tight
box. pail or barrel large enough t.
hold the amount to be treated. pour
some bisulphide of carbon in saucer
and set on top of the infested nuts or
beans. Then cover the receptacle as
tightly as possible and leave it so for
twenty-four hours. Caution: The
fumes of bisulphide are explosive and
poisonous. se careful. Have no lights
or fire near-Farm Journal.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Gov. Wilson has granted par
don to Louis Futrell, convicted in
Nc Cracker county of manslaugh
ter and sentenced to the peniten-
tiary tor twoyears. He has served
more than year anil would have
only a few months longer to
serve. Futrell killed a man who
was engaged in a fight with
Futrell's father. Gov. Wilson
says that the punishment already
imposed is enough considering the
circumstances of the killing and
the fact that boy shot to save
his father.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

piece Of a broken
t DOT h from a
spring tooth har-
row. heat it and
p u n C b a b o e
through it just
large enough to
admit the horse
nail. When this
becomes cold you
can insert a nail
and beat it down
to a very nice
head and do it
cold too. If you
want a nice round
ed head on the riv-
ct the head of the
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

in-law but was being overpower-
ed when Mrs. Mills seized anoth-
err gun and fired. Young was
shot through the lungs, dying in
stantly.
Both Mrs. Mills and her hus
band are under arrest.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

You will find that druggists every
where speak well of Chamberlain s
Cough Remedy. They know from lolik
experience in the sale of it that in cases
of coughs and colds it can always be
depended upon, and that it is pleasant
and safe to take For sale by PAUL.
Drug Co.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06
LOOK TO THE FUTURE.

Provide for humus in the soil
by planting green crops to be
turned under to improve the fer
tility of the soil for future crops.
This is one of the reasons that
should appeal to you for rota-
ton of crops.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Lincoln Center, Kansas, has
begun the trial of the men accus-
ed of applying a coat of tar and
feathers to young woman.
That town has grown so asham-
ed of the misdeed committed by
two-legged animals who call
themselves men that a request
has been made that the newspap-
ers suppress accounts of the trial,
on the ground that the publicity
will injure the town. The town
which harbors men who would
stoop to so cowardly an attack on
a girl deserves no consideration
from anybody.-Ex.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Judging by the number of ap-
plications that have been made
for private secretary to the Gov
ernor, that place must be regard
ed as most desirable. 1t is said
that scores of applications have
been made to Gov.-elect Nc
Creary, the number totaling
something like eighty. It is un-
derstood the appointment will go
to a man from the First Con-
gresslonal district. Robert Phil
lips is also mentioned for this
place. and it is said that he has
his choice between private Sec
rotary to the Governor and State
Inspector and Examiner.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

ct. In this way you can always have
rivets of almost any length. These riv-
able than copper ones.-Farm and Fire
side.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Whenever it seems desirable
to change crops or methods Of
farm management. adjust your
self to the change quickly and
make the most Of it 1t is folly
to cling tenaciously to q system
that does not meet the needs Of
present day agriculture.
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

Good Rivets From Old Materials.
Every farmer has lot of old horse
nails in the old horseshoes. Take a
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

small squares and
with the handle
end of an old file
you can punch a
a hole that just
suits the nail .riv-
The Adair County news. [volume] (Columbia, Ky.) 1897-1987, 1911-12-06

nail can be rounded up a little before
the modern steel roofing. cut them in
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23
BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

The gentlemen who have been Se- lected to conduct the affairs of the Fairbanks Quartz DevelopmJ mt Co. are men who have made a success of their own businesses. and there is every reason to expect they will be equally fortunate in this new ven ture. They are men, each and every one of them. who command the re spect and liking of the whole com munity, and they are as heavily in terested in the success or failure of the project as any who might have been selected.
 These gentlemen were chosen, rather than practical miners, be- cause it was realized that the board of directors should be composed of business men capable of running the affairs of the company in system atic manner, and that they could secure the services of competent quartz men when it came to the se- lection of the property to be ox- plotted. This is, of course, the pro- cedure that is uniformly followed elsewhere, and those who have com plained because there were no prac- tical miners on the board would have realized this had they stop ped to think.
 To the Citizen it appears that the company's affairs are placed in thoroughly capable hands and that each man on the board can be very safely trusted to do everything in his power to advance the splendid move which has been so well start ed,
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23
PROPOSITIONS WANTED.

The directors of the Development company are calling for propositions from the quartz claim owners who want their properties developed. There should be a ready response for there are not more than two or three properties in the camp. the owners of which could not very ad vantageously seize upon this offer of financial aid to the development of their mines The call for propo sitions is printed on another page of this issue
 At their first meeting the directors very wisely arrived at the decision to give publicity to all of their pro ceedings and transactions by pub fishing a full report in the local newspapers. This course will Ce- ment the more firmly the bond of faith which already existed between the stockholders and the directors
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23
DEMOCRATIC BANQUET.

The suggestion put forward by the Citizen in regard to the proposition of holding a banquet on Jackson Day, March 15. has met with the spon- eading Democrats of the valley and already plans to that end are being made. l. is proposed that the ban quet shall be in the nature of celebration of the victories in the elections and the occasion of fore gathering of the Democrats of the district for the purpose of simpli lying the better organization that is planned.
 Throughout the week the Citizen has been in receipt of phone, oral and written messages from promi- Hent Democrats indorsing the idea. and all of those heard from are em- phatic in their assertions that some such move must be made if a proper organization of Democrats is to be effected. Among those heard from are Mayor Nordale. E. w. Griffin, Martin Harrais, Tom McGowan. Dan Callahan, John A. Clark, John Moe Percy Palmer, ]. C. Kellum. Claude Kelly. Dave Petree, Ira Griffin, Jim Thornton, L. T. Erwin, Harry Phil
 ips. k. F. Roth. Bob Geis, Ben Ken nedy. Martin FOrsnes, Andrew Ness, p A. Peterson, Frank Griffin. J. H. Bullock. M Rosenthal, Frank B. Hall and William Reagan.
 All who have expressed an opin ion on the question agree with the Citizen that the banquet should be conducted on thoroughly Democratic principles, the price of tickets being fixed at sum within the reach of Ill. Invitations to the banquet will probably be forwarded to all of the prominent Democrats in the cCun try and a splendid chance will be afforded to get the members of the party together and count noses.
 The banquet will. in all proba- bility, be conducted along the lines of other "sourdough" affairs that have been held here. and the man who works in the drift will be as welcome as the professional man. Dress will be the matter of least importance
 To the banquet not only those who have previously voted the Dem ocratic ticket will be invited, for the occasion is to be one which has for it's purpose the gathering together of all who are now in favor of the Democratic policy. This will naturally include those Progress sive Republicans who have been pro- gressiye enough to recognize the bright light shining ahead and who have now concluded to forsake the paths of darkness. It will be a banquet for Democrats conducted along democratic lines
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23

the work, to be followed twelve months later by another expenditure of S1600, it would sec m that there would be mighty little prospecting done by poor prospectors." It may be, however, that the bill provides that the ''license' money is payable only if coal is found on the land in workable quantity, and that the prOspectCr without means is giv- en at least an even break with the corporation -outfitted prospect Nothing to this effect, however, has Leen contained in the dispatches
 Again there is the matter of the royalty to be paid by the coal mine optrators to the government. So far as is known this royalty of from ) cents to 15 cents ton which is to be paid to the government is to accrue entirely to the benefit of the people in the United States who. President Taft is so fond of telling us, own Alaska. But it strikes the Citizen very forcibly that the money thus acquired should be covered in to the Alaska fund, where it proper ly belongs; otherwise the countrs will be depleted of two of its great est assets, it's coal and its fish, with out any adequate return being made.
 AnothGr matter that must be con sidered is that of transportation. It would make little difference to the consumers of the coal whether the government was able to re egulate the price of the coal at the mine if the owners of the railroad, who would also be the owners of the coal mines were able to charge what they liked for transportation. Before much re lief could be afforded along this line it looks as if the jurisdiction of the interstate commerce commission must be exte nded to Alaska. But as we have before stated, any def nite criticism of either of the two bills introduced is reserved until copies are to hand, as until then it is impossible to make any fair comparison.
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23
CHICAGO.NEW YORK TUNNEL
Great Bore Is Now Planned to Con-
 meet the Two Big Cities.

CHICAGO, Dec. 20 Chicago soon will be connected with New York and other Eastern cities by a continuous underground tunnel of sufficient dimentions to carry tele- phone and telt graph wires and pneumatic or electric tdbe for the transmission of package freight. l. is even asserted that ultimately the bore will be used for passenger traf. fic between the cities.
 This immense engineering prob lem is in the hands of a coterie of capitalists of whom George w. Jack son is the head. The company is capitalized for many times the amount needed to complete the construction of the bore and no stock is for sale.
 The terminals of the tunnel here and in New York are being con- structed and within a short time according to reports. men will be placed at short intervals along the proposed route to begin actual work of exCavating
 Plans were completed some time ago. Engineers were sent ever the territory to be traversed and the consent of the towns, villages and owners of private lands under which the bore will pass have been ob- tained, so that the actual work of construction can progress without the delay incident 10 obtaining the consent of property owners to the pt netrating of their lands.
 The reports of the engineers were satisfactory in every respect and q company was organized immediately to carry out the project.
The Alaska citizen., 1911-01-23
Educational Discussion on l Iarif for Protection

ples' business, they would rise up in rebellion in a very short time. But such is the real fact, and the Repub- lican party bases its right to live upon the soundness of that principle which compels the poor man to pay twenty-five per cent of his income into the protection fund which goes to the producer of the protected q article, while the man of large means. the millionaire. does not pay one dollar on his property into the same fund. If the burdens of pro- lection were placed upon property the system of protection would not last as long as the fabled snow ball, for then the millionaires would have to pay their just share anu they would never consent to such a thieving system if they were not getting the spells It is a reflection upon our intelligence that we stand for a system that takes out of the pockets of the poor people millions of dollars every year and gives it to Andrew Carnegie upon the princi- pie that he must be protected against the foreign manufacturer, when the fact is that Carnegie is making money so fast that he actu- ally cannot give it away as fast as it pours into him. It is a travesty on justice and really pathetic that people with their fam lies so poor that they are deprived of the com mon necessities of life, are compelled to divide their pittance, their life's blood as it were, with men in the position of Carnegie. Yet such is the awful fact and We are almost criminally responsible on account of our ignorance of the facts. Men and citizens, we ask that you look into this matter from a candid bus mess standpoint and don't be blinded by the very things that the thief is telling you concerning the things he steals from you A tariff for protection is simply steal ing from the poor and giving to the rich.
 We will further elaborate next week.