davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

Answer: With respect to the
origin development and signifi-
canoe of Socialism the following
taken from the New Encyclopedia
of Social Reform may give you
the information you desire. =.
Socialism is that contemplate
ed system of industrial society.
which proposes the abolition Of
private property in the great ma
terial instruments Of production
and the substitution therefor Of
collective property; and advo-
Gates the collective management.
Of production. together with the
distribution of. social income by.
society, and. private property IN
the larger proportion Of this
larger income.
Socialism may be said 'tto be
the collective ownership Of the.
means Of production by the com
munity democratically organized
and their operation cooperative
" for the equitable good Of ALL
The first direct step toward an
active revolutionary and social
istic movement was made by.
Francois Noel Babeuf (1760l96 i.
In the early part Of the last CEN,
fury the United States was the
chief theater Of communistic ex-
periments, and from 1910 to 1850.
Fourierism ia America developed.
great strength, both as an intel
lectual movement and as q prac-
teal experiment.. The present so
Isiolist 4movem - america may
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

the United States for the first
time nominated a presidential
ticket, and they have ever since
invariably adhered to the policy
Of independent politics steadfast-
ly refusing to ally themselves
with, any other political parties. !"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

Answer We are not well
versed in the culinary art and re-
ferred your question to Mrs.
O'Finnagan Of Lester Park, be-
cause that was not her name, and
here is her reply
Mash quart Of berries,
lsweeten them with plenty Of
granul ated sugar, and LET them
stand for an hour and i hall. In
to = pint of dol,r ii # 4 teaspoon,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
APPRENTICES.

The editorial writer on the Gin
cinnati Eng uire, cuddling pet
grudge against the trade-union
movement and it's efforts in behalf
of improvement in the condition
of the worker, takes a rap at the
worker, takes rap at the move
ment Of it's policy in the limita-
ton of apprentices.
Among other bright things, he
says: "The limitations of the
number Of apprentices by labor
organizations, presumably with a
view to keeping down the amount
of available skill and help, has
been serious handicap upon the
youth Of the land.
The boy with an ambition and
a natural bent to become skilled
artisan has been thwarted in his
purpose because Of his inability to
become an apprentice under the
tutorship Of the labor organiza-
ton controlling the kind of labor
to which he aspired.''
We have heard this kind of
stuff before. Usually it is voiced
by the cheap labor employer who
desires to man his establishment
almost entirely with apprentices,
with a sprinkling Of journeymen
to teach (?) them and attend to
that portion Of the work that the
apprentices are unable to do.
Some people can still be found
who are so foolish as to believe
that the basis of this limitation of
apprentices is the desire, as the
worthy editorialist says, to keep
down the amount of available skill
But they cannot be found among
those who have studied the aims
and objects Of trade-unionism in
this or any other direction.
To increase the number of ap-
prentices to such an extent as to
produce a greater number of
Journeymen than the trade will
absorb is neither comforting a.
favor upon the would-be appren-
tees nor dealing justly with the
man who has served his time.
One cannot always be an ap-
prentice-there comes a time at
the end Of the term of appren-
tlceship when the apprentice BIOS
SONS into the journeyman. And
this journeyman has a right to ex-
pect employment at journeyman's
wages.
If the number of apprentices is
so great as to permit but small
portion of them to find employ
ment, it has simply been a process
OF cheating the boy, for he finds
himself with at least some small
portion of craft knowledge and
no market in which to sell it.
This method Of exploitation is
much sought by the cheap en-
ployer, who devoting several years
OF his life to cheap employment
in the hope that he will at the
end Of the term be able to secure
employment as a skilled craftsman
at a good wage.
And the advocacy Of such a
policy under the guise Of interest
in the welfare of the boy is sim
uly another instance Of the !" wolf
IN sleeps clothing
It is q well-known fact that
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
MATT ETTINGER IS
TAKING A VACATION

Mr.. Matt Ettinger OF the firm OF
Shartel & Ettinger, cigar manufac-
turers, has gone on a. two weeks
vacation. He will spend a few days
in Milwaukee and from there will go
to Houghton, Mich, the home Of his
childhood. .--s-~-~. H. - s.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

It is estimated that no fewer than
10000 women machinists are needed
in the clothing factories OF New
South Wales. -
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

The members Of the Boston Bar
ners union are willing to eliminate
tipping but under conditions that they
receive an increase in wages. "A meet
ing to that end will be held asking
Tor an increase to 60 into operation,
Aug. l. = ss.;. o
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
NEW LABOR PAPER.

We welcome the arrival of an
other labor paper in the field of
Journalism to uphold the cause of
labor, this addition to the ranks
being from Birmingham, Ala.,
and is known as the Journal. It
IS a bright, snappy, newsy, four.
page weekly, and is up to date in
every particular, and we trust its
future will be as bright as its
news columns aro ,,o-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

81 There is nothing wetter than =
shower in June unless It be deluge
In July. s..
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08

The Glass Blowers association of
the United States and Canada will
hold Its next annual convention at
Colum bus, q. On July 10.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
Duluth, july 4. 1911.

DuIutn, July 4, 1911.
Editor of the Labor World:
The other day I was reprimanded
by policeman who claimed I passed
on the wrong side Of a team ahead
of ME and going in the same direc-
ton that I was. What is the law in
the matter? Yours, etc,
p TEAMSTER.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
Our Question. Box

Such questions Will be answered In this
column e apDertain In g. more or less de-
Stes 70 the good and welfare Of our read
ere Qusstions strictly, sectarian In nature
OF ultra political in character. will b either
consaened to the waste basket or returned to
vac o4estloner. ~ q due sense Of pzopF1ety
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1911-07-08
Duluth, July 5. 1911.

Duluth, July 5. 1911.
Editor Labor World: =
Please explain what you know
about Socialism.
Yours,
r. J. D.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26
Y. M. G. A. MINSTRELS
FRIDAY NIGHT

Preparations are in progress for
the Boys Minstrel which will be given
Friday night at the Orpheo Theater
by the boys of the local Y. NJ. c. A.
Two dress rehearsals have already
been held this week and the boys
thoroughly learned their parts. They
have been working hard for the past
two months and will doubtless present
a show that will please. physical
Director Wilson will act as interlocu-
tor but the rest of the company is
made up entirely Of boys of the Jun
Tor Department. The familiar bones
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

all the negroes at the boarding house
to put the matter in their shoe and
keep it there" and that "the first one
who told anything would be killed and
thrown in the lake He said he later
crossed the lake and remained at
Lacy's until he was placed under ar
rest the next day.
The court room was crowded again
yesterday and interest is increasing
as the trial progresses. Many mora
ladies we're in the court room yester-
day.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26
STATE SCORES
IN MURDER CASE
Continued from page ~

Mack Tucker and Jim Hubbard. all
negroes. and Mr.. Rhea, rode of in
the direction the officer had gone
with his prisoner. Near the gate
leading out Of the plantation. he said.
two miles from Rhea's home. they
overlook the officer and his prisoner;
that he did not see DR.. West at that
time that they were all riding along
kinder in a bunch" and that when
they got in sight of the officer Mr..
Rhea told them to ride up and
"peartened his horse at the same
time. Berry said that Rhea and Jim
Hubbard were riding ahead, side Vby
side, the other four of them being
a short distance behind. When the
officer was overtaken Mr.. Rhea de-
manded that the prisoner be released.
Immediately after which he saw Mr..
Rhea point his pistol in the direction
of Archard and fire. Rhea at that
time was near Archard and directly
behind him; that Hubbard started to
ride by the officer when he, too.
leveled his shotgun and fired at Ar
chard, who fell to the ground. 1--WE
all then broke and ran, abandoning
our mules said Berry. Il next saw
Mr.. Rhea at his house, when We all
gathered there, Mr.. Rhea at that time
telling us to say nothing about the
affair and If anyone told it he would
kill him, tie pillow around his neck
and throw him in the lake..
DR.. West when called, said hii
FOUR-RAY
home was at Farrell, Ark, that hi
was a bondsman for Grant Sanders
and on the day of the tragedy accom-
panied the officer to Dumas and GU
to the. Lennox place; that he ha'
known Sanders for some years; ais
knew Major Davis. another negro wit
whom he talked when he arrived q
the Lennox place. When he and tn
officer arrived at the Lennox, plac
they learned from Davis that thei
coming had been tipped of and San
ders was in hiding. West said final
" he was able to get Davis and San
ders boy to show him where Sander
was. and that after he led Sander
to believe that the only mission ther
was to substitute some other as
boudsman Sanders was finally. abou
the time Rhea arrived, induced to 3
where Rhea and Archardwere an
/ Sanders was arrested by Archard on
murder charge. After some CONVEX
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

SatiOn between Archard and Rhe;
about making bond for Sanders, Ar
ehard. said he could not accept an,
bond, that it would have to be made a
Farrell. Witness said that he, Archar
and the prisoner then left afoot for Du
mas. Just before the mob overlook
them some negro came along on 6
mule and Mr.. Archard got the ne.
gro to agree to go with witness to a
house On the road and put his mule
! to the wagon and assist in procur-
! ing a conveyance to Dumas; that he
and the rider had gone ahead of Ar
chard and his prisoner. When they
had gotten two hundred yards away
West heard the approach of horses
and about that time heard someone
say Turn that damn negro aloose"
OF words to that effect. West could
see the forms Of the animals and
men, but could not tell how many
We're in the party nor whether they
were white or black Immediately
following the command to free the
prisoner, West continued the shoot
ing began. the first shot sounding
like that from pistol, another from
shotgun. West did not know how
many shots were fired nor who fired
them. West says he ran through the
woods for his safety, finally reach
ed Dumas, several miles away, and
gave an account of his experience. He
saw Archard after he was brought
to Dumas the next morning. West
said he was graduate of medi-
cal college, had lived all of his life
and been associated with both white
people and plantation negroes: that
| the voice that gave the command to
the officer to free Sanders was a cul-
tured voice and not that of an ordi-
! nary negro.
Major Davis testified that he was
e member of the mob that killed the
- siAUS nO DOW Itutd " HtH lie
: fired the pistol shot into the officers
t back and Saw Hubbard when he fir.
d ed upon the officer with a shotgun
o The rest OF his testimony was prac
h tically the same as that detailed b,
It Berry.
e Sam Kelly. "a negro boy living o,
e the Lennox place at the, time. testi
y fled that he was at the farm when tn
/ oflicer and prisoner left, that whe,
i they left Mr.. Rhea told him to e
+ to his cabin and get some guns; tina
s in obedience to the order he wen
= to the house and soon returned wit
e Winchester rifle and shotgun
chat the shotgun was given to Jill
It Hubbard and the rifle to Major Davi
Q The party was forming to go and Il
d mules had already been caught whe
q the boy returned to his home. al
: be did not know anything furth'
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

trouble and DR.. West signed his
bond. About o'clock before the
night of the killing he received mes
sage from Mr.. Rhea that officers
we're at Dumas after him and to stay
In hiding until he returned, which
he did. Later in the day he learned
that his bondsman and the officer
were on the place and permitted his
bondsman, DR.. West, his personal
friend, to be directed where he was.
AS soon as he learned that Rhea had
returned Sanders went with West
where Archard was and vas placed
under arrest. At his request Archard
took him to the farm gate where
Rhea was. After some talk between
Rhea and Archard with reference to
a bond for Sanders, the latter, Ar
hard and DR.. West started afoot for
Dumas. The officer had locked a
handcuff On his right wrist and was
holding to the other cuff, leading
him. When they got mile and a
half from the farm gate DR.. West
was sent ahead with some negro.
who had overtaken them, to see if
they could not procure conveyance
for them to Dumas. Soon after West
had left them they heard horses Com
ing from behind and the officer said
to Sanders, Let's step aside and let
them pass" and they stepped to the
side OF the road.
About this time the mob, headed by
Rhea and Hubbard, came upon them.
Mr.. Rhea said: Turn that damn ne
gro aloose" Or words to that effect.
Mr.. Archard made no reply but reach
ed his hand towards his hip pocket
and Rhea Immediately fired upon
the officer with his pistol. Jim HI
bard followed with volley from q
shotgun. When the shotgun fired the
ofiser fell to the ground and San
ders said he broke and ran. He des-
CIlUCO lIlC NllSulCOuS AONtC W
him in his effort to get back to the
farm and see Rhea. When he got
there Rhea was in the door of his
home, in his undertaking, but had
not retired. Several other members
Of the mob arrived about this time
Nr. Rhea said to him: We'll Grant
, see you are here and Sanders re-
piled: 'Yessir, but look here az
me same time lifting his single
handcuffed hand. He said Rhea in
quired Of him II the officer was dead
and Sanders said Yes sir, he's dead"
Rhea then told him things would
be pretty hot around there for day
or two and that he had better "a
across the lake and stay with Lee
Lacy until thing scooled. He also
tcld him to go down to the boarding
house and some OF the boys would file
the handouts off. and for him to tell
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

and tambo will hand out the latest in
gags and the songs will be feature.
Two noted boy singers from Jones'
boro have been engaged and will al
so be a feature
The local Musicians Union No. $50
has generously offered to furnish the
music for the show and large or
chestra will render music during the
intermissions. Prof. Claud Kilburn
will direct.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

about what took place. While on the
witness stand Kelly stated that one
Of the attorneys for the refense--
pointings to X. @. Pindall-had tried
to get him to change his statement
and say that Major Davis and not
Rhea was the man who sent him at
ter the guns.
j, Rosa Thomas, 9 negress. who Is said
to be the woman kept by Grant San
dels. and who lived at the former
home of Sanders at Farrell, said he
: went down on the same train that
the officer and bondsman did and
went out with Rhea's wagons from
Dumas to the Leanox place that
night: about the time the wagon ar
rived at the farm gate the officer
and Sanders and the bcndsman left.
She said she stood around in the
crowd where Rhea and the negroes
were congregated and heard Rhea tell
the negroes that they ought to take
the prisoner away from the officer
and to get some mn1es and they
would do so. She said she also heard
Rhea direct the boy. Kelly, to 60 and
bring some guns, which he did: that
she and two other negro women then
went down to the boarding house and
that an hour or two later Grant San
ders returned to the boarding house
with handouts on and Mack Tucker
filed them off of him.
confessed member Of the mob. said
that he saw Rhea point at Archard and
fire. He also saw Jim Hubbard
when he pointed his shotgun at Ar
chard and saw Archard fall. His
testimony was practically the same
as that given by other members OF
Athe mob. Johnson also stated that
it was a clear night, the stars We're
Thining and the noon had risen.
II. F. Alciatore. in charge of the
weather bureau at Little Rock. said
W reference to his various charts and
maps he could say that on the night
OF the tragedy the moon rose at
j :53 p. NJ. in Southeast Arkansas:
that it set On the morning after at
5:41 A. NJ. He said that the moon
"fulled" the night before the killing
at 1910 A. NJ. r. G. Williams, white.
resident of Dumas fer many years.
said that he knew where the kill
ing occurred aud that 1t was in Desha
county. He was introduced by the
state to show venne.
At this jSncture the pardoning OF
Sanders by Governor Donaghey was
announced and Sanders was recalled
!. Sanders said that he had been on the
9 Lennon place for ten days prior to
the tragedy; that his former home
was at Farrell, Ark, where he lived
r. for four years; that he got into som
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26

and Rev. W.. III. rSteen,a clerk. Rev
James A. Worden, D. d., OF Philadeiz
phia, Pa, delivered an address, rOn
"The Spiritual Fruits of the SUI day
School," Rev. J. e. Clark, Of NasA-
vile, Tenn, arrived today, and will
deliver an address tomorrow.
The reception committee is busy
meeting trains and assigning homes
to the delegates and visitors. The
people of Clarksville are throwing
their doors wide open and entertain
ing the delegates.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1911-10-26
PRESBYTERIAN SYNOD
OPENS AT CLARKSDALE
1t Is the Sixth Annual Session, and
the Opening Sermon Is Preached
BY Rev. W. H. Wilson.

Clarksville, Oct. 25.-The sixth an
ncal session Of the Arkansas synod
opened here yesterday with large
attendance. The opening sermon was
preached by Rev. Warren H. Wilson.
D. D., of New York City. His subject
was ssThe Country Church; Our obi
CATION and Our Opportunity
Rev. M. L. Gillespie is moderator
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1911-10-05
BRAYTON- AND OAKFIELD

Elmer Green moved last week to the
Rasmussen moved to Audubon. Nels
Nelson will soon move from Atlantic
and occupy the house vacated by Mr..
Rasmussen.
Nels p Hoegh came up from Atlantic,
Tuesday morning where he had been to
help organize the new Farmers Savings
Bank of Atlantic. Mr.. Hoegh will be
president and L. r. Nelson, vice-presi-
dent.
Mrs. s. f.. Pearl went to Atlantic,
Thursday. where she was joined by
Mrs. j. j. Curry and together they went
to Avoca to visit friends.
Garner Bartlett who is attending
school at Harlan came home, Friday
and visited until Monday with his
parents.
Homer Koob returned to his home in
Canada, Tuesday. He was called here
by the death of his mother, Mrs. A.
Koob. i
Willis Jenkins who travels for a coal
and cement firm with headquarters at
Omaha is visiting at the Frank Jenkins
home
Il. Rothchild came up from Atlantic,
Tuesday, ON business connected with
the Rothchild Grain Co.
Charlie Thompson came from South
Dakota last week to visit his parents, G.
g. Thompson and wife.
Mrs. j. s. Harter was the guest of
her daughter, Mrs. J. G. b. Andersen,
in Atlantic last week.
Henry Jacobsen and Neal Barentsen
of Audubon were business callers in
Brayton, Thursday.
VIM. Theilan of Carroll is in Brayton
and win join the next excursion to
Canada.
Mrs. C. G. Thompson went to Omaha,
Friday, to visit her children who reside
there.
Roscoe and Raymond Wagner of
Anita spent Sunday at the DR.. Koob
home.
Mrs. d. w. Powers went to Des
Moines, Wednesday to visit for few
days.
Harry Miller is working at the Nels
Hansen drug store in Extra this week.
Geo. Jessen, Jr., shipped car of fat
cattle to Omaha, Wednesday.
Kearney Knutsen went to Omaha,
Tuesday to the Ak-Sarv Ben.
]. B. J. Lohner of Extra was in Bray
ton on business, Saturday.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1911-10-05
BETHEL JOTTINGS

| Miss Esther Nelson arrived here from
| San Francisco last week to make visit
with here friend, Miss Kathryn Pope.
| Both of these ladies were in the big
earthquake at San Francisco several
years ago.
Mrs. j. Reuschling returned home,
Saturday after weeks visit at Wash
ington county. Her mother remained
there for brief visit among her rela-
tives
Bob Roberts, J. Reuschling and Chas.
Carper left Monday for Omaha for. a
few days sightseeing and to attend the
carnival.
Mike Quinn is here from Des Moines
for visit with Mrs. K. Il. Clark and
family. He is an uncle of Mrs. Clark
The Weighton bridge builders are
putting in county bridge east OF Jno.
Reuschling's this week.
Ralph Ferguson and Harry Clark at
tended the show in Audubon, Wednes-
day night of last week.
Mrs. Henry Ruhs was guest of her
parents, Chas johnson and wife from
Friday until Sunday.
Julius Heuss is having his new barn
painted Sam Jordan of Ross is the
expert artist.
Rev. E. r. Stroud preached his first
sermon at the Bethel M. 4. church,
Sunday.
Sam Cramer was pleasant caller at
the j. M. Edwards home one day last
week.
Frank Weston attended the Epworth
League social in Audubon, Friday
night
Matt Kluever sold some cattle and
hogs to Northup Bros, Saturday.
Christian Mack transacted business
in Ross, Saturday.
Cy Buckner's were entertained Sun
day at Fred Hales.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1911-10-05
PubIic Sale.

I will sell at Public Sale at my resi-
dence on the Elmer Covault farm II
miles northwest of North Branch, on
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10
Commencing at 1000 o'clock am,
the following property:
as HEAD OF STOCK
Head of Horses:--Bay team weigh
ing 2400 lbs, year old colt weighing
1900, mare weight 1900, mare colt 2
years old coming 3, sucking colt.
Z Head of Cattle:--5 mich cows all
giving milk, 3 spring heifer calves.
80 Head of Hogs:-5 brood sows with
pigs by side and % spring shoats
Miscellaneous:--65 acres of good corn
in field. 5 tons of slough hay in barn,
stack of threshed hay, Avery wagon, 2
wagons with hay racks, Deering binder,
Good Enough gang pillow, new Yankey
sulkey pillow, Fuller & johnson corn
planter, disc, harrow, 3 corn plows 1
riding 2 walking, 4 sets of harness one
buggy harness, 3 sets of work harness.
2 buggies, top buggy nearly new, De
Laval separator No 1, some household
goods, Edison graphaphone with 35
records, Sbedsteads, table and chairs
and other articles too numerous too
mention.
\ GOOD FREE LUNCH AT NOON
TERMS:-Sums of $40 and under
cash. A credit of ~ months will be
given on sums over SO on notes with
approved security, without interest If
paid when due otherwise 8 per cent
interest, from date Of sale. per cent
discount for cash on credit sums. Prop
erty to be settled for before being re-
moved. HENRY LEIGHTY
K. Brady, Auctioneer.
G. H. Lane, Clerk.
Current events every week at the Gem. Hot