The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1911-12-28
Mongolia and Chinese Turke-
stan Proclaim lndepend-
ence and Allegiance with
the White Gar.
DISMEMBERMENT OF
NATION NOW BEGUN
Notice by Russia of the An
nexation of Two Great
Provinces Is Now Expect
ed at Any Time.
(National News Association)

PEKIN, Dec. oS.-The partition of
China has begun. Representatives of
the Provinces of Mongolia and Chi
nese Turkestan today proclaimed the
independence OF the Chinese dependen-
cies and announced their allegiance to
Russia
Mongolia and Chinese Tu:kestan
nearly equal China in size, containing
more than 100000 square miles Of
territory and upward of 2,50O,0OO in
habitants.
In announcing the independence Of
the two vast tracts, the signers of the
declaration of freedom declared thar
the Colonial government in Pekin
had failed in it's duties.
The passing of these two great piec-
es OF Chinese territory within the
blow to the revolutionists who had
confidentially expected Mongolia at
least to enter the republic as terri
tory with the idea of becoming state
later.
Grand Khan Named.
Notice of formal annexation of both
Mongolia and Chinese Turkestan by
sian consulates throughout the affect
ed territory will exercise wide author
ity although the Mongolians have nam
ed grand khan to govern them. For
years Russia has awaited the oppOrtun-
lty for the present acquisition and
within a present year a diplomatic
break was imminent between the Rus.
sian and Chinese empires over trade
relations in Mongolia. Russia wants
to monopolize Mongolian commerce
and will now succeed in doing so.
Russia's program for Mongolia is a
constructive one, including the build
ing of branch of the trans-Siberian
railway which will bring Europe sew
eral days closer to the Orient.
1t is now grave question as to
how Japan will voice her opinion Of
Russia's action. Russia cleverly Off
sets the growth Of Japanese influence
in Manchuria by the acquisition of
Mongolia.
1t is believed here that Russian ag-
ents have been working in Mongolia
and Chinese Turkestan for months in
fluencing the residents to proclaim
their independence.
Is Vast Country.
Mongolia is vast country contain
ing in all 1,367,600 square miles,
while Chinese Turkestan is smaller
The population of Mongolia is made up
principally of nomadic KalmucAs and
Mongols. Parts of the country are
still unexplored. In Chinese Turke-
stan the population presents mixture
Of Persian, Kalmuck and Chinese
blood. In both there are colonies OF
Russian and Japanese traders.
Agriculture is not followed even in
the most fertile parts of Mongolia.
The Inhabitants range the mountain
Businesses and deserts with stocks OF
camels, horses and sheep. They are
wild, barbaric race. The religion ot
the country is Buddhist Lamaism.
The chief city of Mongolia is Urga,
from which Caravans go across the
deserts to the Chinese markets.
The chief articles of export are
skins wool, furs and horns. The trad
ings posts have large trade with ST
IBERIA.
Chinese Turkestan lies between
Mongolia on the North and Thibet on
the South Gold is found in the noun.
tains and the inhabitants are Of less
!! savage character than the Mongols
| In addition to agriculture. the export
wool. cotton and silk. The valleys OF
the Yarkand and Kashgar rivers, with
the aid of irrigation, grow abundan,
crops.