davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07
GREEN
MANURING

The business of the soil Ia to pro-
duce crops. In order to accomplish
this business most successfully, 1t is
necessary that the soil possess certain
qualities:
A proper temperature.
Proper ventilation.
The ability to gather and hold for
the use Of the crop goodly quantities
Of capillary water.
In order that any soil shall possess
these qualities 1t must be nrst OF
all properly drained. 1t must also
be in the best possible condition Of
filth, or as we frequently express It,
It must have proper condition OF
mellowness. This filth will depend
upon three things, namely:
The proper selection and use Of
tools.
The practice Of rational system Of
rotation in which legume, preferably
clover, shall occupy the soil at least
one year in the rotation.
The return to the soil Of the largest
possible amount OF organic matter.
Upon the selection and use Of tools
and upon the rotation will depend In
no small degree the ability of the soil
to gather and hold moisture. and also
to permit the ready movement Of air
through the soil. It is also true that
the presence of organic matter re-
ferred to helps In no small degree the
ventilation and also the water gather
ing and water holding capacity of the
soil. The presence of the organic mat
ter is helpful also In the fact that 1t
renders the soil darker In color and
therefore Increases the capacity Of the
soil to gather the best from the sun
shine, and therefore renders the
temperature condition OF the soil bet
ter for the termination OF seeds and
the growing Of the crop.
The system of farming which re-
turns naturally to the soil the largest
amount Of organic matter is live stock
farming in some of its phases: for In
live stock farming the products Of
the farm are fed largely to the live
stock and nothing but finished prod
ucts In the form of meats. wood. dairy
products. poultry products, etc., are
sold away from the farm. everything
being reserved in the way OF roughage
and manures. 1t frequently happens
also that In live stock farming, not
only are the products OF the farm fed,
but concentrates in the form Of
grains. and meals, etc, are purchased
for feed and the Inanures are thus en-
HANGED and enriched. q
where little live stock is kept and
, much or most Of the products are
sold from the farm, special means
must be employed to keep up the sup.
ply Of organic matter.
Where worn out or run down lands
are purchased and especially where
large quantities Of manure are avail
able, special means must be employed
70 introduce into thsss soiis ortneie
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

The fertility Of any soil depends In
q large measure upon the amount of
water which that soil will hold under
field conditions, and which will flow
away through the drainage system.
Our ordinary field crops require enor-
nous amounts of water In order to
give good growth and profitable re-
turns. II the crop can not obtain wa
ter when It needs 1t, then there will
be a cessation of growth which will
result in low yields.
The illustration shows approximately
the amount Of water which each Of
three ordinary kinds OF soil will hold
under field conditions. Each group Of
two Jars shows II inches Of
soil and the amount of wa
ter held by the soil. The jar to the
left in each case contains the II
inches Of soil. and the one at the
right. the water held by that kind of
soil. Group No. contains sandy
loan soil, and the amount of water
held by this soil under field conditions
a few days after heavy rains is three
inches. This means that the soil over
a sandy loan field to the depth of IL
inches will hold In the spaces between
the soil grains an amount Of water
which would cover the field to the
depth OF three inches. Group No. 2 con-
tains clay loan soil and the amount
Of water held In this case is three and
one-half inches. A muck soil Is shown
in the third group and the water held
by a foot of this soil is six inches
The important thing for the farmer
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

matter that they may be rendered nor
mally productive.
In intensive farming, orchardipg and
trucking. and where abundant quaint
ties Of barn yard manure cannot be
had, special means must be employed
to increase the amount of organic
matter in the SOIL
In the case Of the run down soils
and In case OF the intensive farming,
orcharding and trucking. mentioned
above. 1t becomes necessary to adopt
a special method of increasing the
amount Of organic matter In the soil.
This method Is usually spoken Of an
green manuring. II consists of the
planting and growing of a crop to
pillow under before It has reached ma
turity. The crops most commonly
used for the purpose are:
Rye.
Oats.
Corn sown broadcast or drilled with
ordinary drill at the rate of a bushel
per acre. and sometimes a combina-
ton Of oats and peas.
In some sections of the country
COW peas or soy beans are grown for
this purpose. These are used much in
the south and also on the heavy clay
soils of the central states.
The hairy or winter vetch is some
sometimes used. At the present time
the hairy vetch is being used with
marked success on some Of the light
er lands of western Michigan.
Rye and vetches are usually sown In
the fall or late summer. The others
are sown in the spring as early as
conditions for the several crops will
permit
The rate Of sowing is usually lit
tie heavier than that employed In
growing crops for grain or seed.
Some difficulties are sometimes met
with in the blowing under of the drop.
Where 1t Is dense, II is sometimes nee
essary to use roller upon It before
attempting to pillow. care being taken
to roll 1t in the same direction as the
blowing is to be done. 1t Is also time
times necessary to place upon the
pillow a chain or some other means to
insure the complete covering Of the
tops of the crop.
Two dangers are to be guarded
against. II is not always that the
green manure crop is allowed to ap.
proach maturity, but however this
may be. II the succeeding crop is to
be planted Immediately after the green
manure crop Is plowed under, unless
care is observed, the material which
Is plowed under win cut on the cap
Hilary rise of water from the lower
soil, with the result that the upper
soil remains too dry to support ger.
mination or growth. A heavier roll
or should be employed Immediately
after the blowing. and this should be
closely followed by thorough work
Ing with packing or stirring tools. The
other danger Il that Of the lsonring or
| fermenting Of the green material plow-
ed under. The more rank the grouth
and the heavier the soil the greater ID
the danger Of this sourins. u there
| fore the coll Il inclined to b heavy
and n the orop 4 20 be eoWn shortly.
the green manure crop should not. -
allowed 70 rnaho TO 1aruo gxVvth -.
|fose Ills ploV1nt ~ \
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

to consider Is the reason why one
soil holds more water than another. II
the capacity Of soil for water can
be increased by any means. It would
be Of great importance to the tillers
of the soil. There are two principal
things which cause soils to hold more
water One is fineness of the soil par
ticles or grains. and the other is the
amount OF organic matter or humus
which the soil contains. The fine grains
of the clay loan soil. together with the
humus which It contains. and the
amount of organic matter and
humus in the muck soils. puts
them in condition to hold
more water than the sandy loan soil.
The finer the grains of any soil the
more water 1t will hold. The addition
of organic matter to a soil will cause 1t
to hold more water.
II would be hard matter to make
the grains of a soil finer than they are
In any case, but great deal can be
done to make the particles or soil
crumbs finer by cultivating soils prop
erly. and only when they are in the
proper condition to be worked. Organ
ic matter or humus can be added to
the soil cheaply and in many different
ways. Flowing under clover or clover
sod. adding barnyard manure. sowing
rye or vetch In the fall and blowing It
under In the spring are some OF the
methods by which organic matter can
be added to the soil. This will put
the soil in condition to hold more wa
ter for the growing crop, and will be
helpful In many other ways.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07
SION the Pain.

The hurt of a burn or a cut stops when
Coles Carbolisalve 10 applied. It heals
quickly and prevents scars. Csc and 6oc BY
druggists. For free sample write to
J. W. Cole q Co.. Black River Falls, VIA.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

on the character Of reproduction.
Trees with heavy seeds. live oaks.
hickories, and chestnuts, can SOW
them only in their own neighborhood.
except when they stand on steep hill
sides or on the banks Of streams, or
when birds and squirrels carry the
nuts and acorns to distance. Trees
with light, winged seeds like the pop
lars. birches, and pines, have great
advantage over the others, because
they can drop their seeds a long way
of. The wind Is the means by which
this is brought about, and the adap-
tation Of the seeds themselves Is often
very curious and interesting.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

Didn't Break II Around Her.
Ella-Our friend. the pitcher. has q
''glass arm"
Stella-I didn't notice II when he
called on me last evening.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07
TOMMY MURPHY,

The great horseman who 10 winning
most Of the big races for fast trotters
d ss th ssy farm sPSsf TneH5s
CURE IL the best remedy for all forms Of
Distemper and coughs have ever known.
! have used II a number of years" All
druggists or send to manufacturers. 60c
and 81 a bottle. Spohn Medical Co.. Chem
lists. Goshen. Ind. u. 8. A.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

oswarv u rim.
Kssp ~ chioksns avAy fron nlth
x q kinds X. I, !. \: Il < q. \.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07
Ready for II.

young man, have you made any
preparations for the rainy day."
"Oh. yes" replied the son Of the
prominent millionaire. 'In addition
to my roadster, have a corking good
limousine that will easily hold six
girls"
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-10-07

Bean Porridoe Hot.
Would you call soup an ediblsf"
"Yes, an audible edible"
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
HUSBAND WHO GOT
SECRET DIVORCE IS
SUED BY HIS WIFE
Mrs. Michael Bowen, Who
Learned of Decree by Ac-
=, cident, Files Action.

After living eight weeks with her
husband, Michael Bowen, in ignorance
that he had obtained a divorce at Gin
cinnati last July, Mrs. Cora NJ. Bowen,
Grant place northwest, today involved d
the marital tangle by filing q separate
maintenance suit in the District Su-
preme Court.
Justice Stafford today ordered Bow
ems arrest, under a writ of ne exeat, to
furnish 1900 bond he will not flee
from Washington 10 avoid the new suit.
Bowen is in the liquor business at 4Ol
Tenth street northwest. and is inter-
ested In Ninth street billiard hall.
In her bill Mrs. Bowen recites the
secret divorce obtained by Bowen July
8, 1911. which she declares was obtained
through mjsrepresentat ations. She saws
Bowen left Washington in November
1910, ostensibly to visit his folks in Ohio
They corresponded and Bowen sent
many post cards to his children. y
Mrs. Bowen says the decree was OBJ
sent to CoNngton. KY, which he Is
said to have declared was her last place
of residence, although he knew she was
at home here.
Mrs. Bowen gays she was married In
1895, and has always been a dutiful wife
but that Bowen threatens to leave
Washington II she does not admit the
truth of the charges he made against
her in Cincinnati
Steps to have the Cincinnati decree
set sside have been taken, Mrs. Bower
states in her petition.
Mr.. Bowen says the statement made
by his wife that he lived with her after
he obtained the divorce in Cincinnati is
untrue. ...
The Washington times., 1911-08-30

Running-Half-m heats; two in
three; purse, 800; money divided after
second heat Flat Creek CWelburnl,
I-2; Helen B. (Johnson). 21; wabash
Queen CBurk), 3-3. Time. 0:53 and 0:53.
D'Arkle and Goldie B. also ran.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Search Is Continued
For Missing Mexican

The Mexican embassy stated today
that its search for Celso s. Cortes, OF
Mexico, was being continued, but there
now seemed to be no hope of his i'm
mediate discovery. The embassy here
and the consulates at several cities In
the United States have made inquiries
for Cortes necessarily since his brother.
said to be a wealthy man, requested
that the missing Mexican be sought.
The latest report that has been had
Of Cortes Is that he stayed at the Gen.
trail Union Mission, 622 Louisiana ave-
nue.. about a month last spring. 1t
was said there today that Cortes SEEM
ed to be rational and of good habits.
He worked in a restaurant and paid
for what he got" at the mission, II was
sfad. Accordingly to the superintendent
Of the mission, Cortes seemed to be we'll
educated. though he was unable to
speak English fiuently.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Auditor Qualities
AS Sherlock Holmes

Marion L. Ashford, auditor for the
Surety Loan Company, qualified as
Sherlock Holmes yesterday when he
brought about the arrest of Benjamin
Wayne, coIcred, charged with having
stolen $10d from a safe located in the
company's offices in the Warder build
ing. Tomorrow morning Wayne will
have to answer to charge of grand
larceny in the Police Court.
A safe used by the loan company was
left unIo cked Monday night and yes
terday morning Mr.. Ashford discovered
that S1c0 had been stolen.
Inside the safe Ashford found a pair
NJ cloves. which he concluded had been
left by the thief in his hurry. After
inJuiring about the building he 1ouno
that they belonged to Benjamin Wayne
the ianitor. ,,,
srin 81 the gloves Ashford notified
Policeman McOsker. who promptly ar
rested the colored man.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Divorce Granted.

A decree OF absolute divorce with per-
mission to resume her maiden name,
Sarah Neviaser, has been granted by
Justice Stafford in the District Supreme
Court to Mrs. Sarah r. Shulman against
Berry Shulman. on the ground of the
husbands misconduct
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Clerks Oppose Rogers.

JACKSONVILLE, Fla, Aug. 30.-At
the annual convention here next week
of the United National Association of
Postoffice Clerks a strenuous effort will
be made to prevent the reelection of
President Frank T. Rogers and other
of the present national officers on the
ground that they have been inactive and
inefficient in promoting legislation de-
sired by the membership.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30

race track will be repeated, and the
horse show will be continued. The
program for the afternoon includes two
flights by Rex Smiths airship and four
races-thrce harness and one running
event.
Entrants In Races.
The entries for the harness races are
as follows:
First race-Free for all; purse, $500.
Prince l., w. P. Taylor, Kellar. Va.
Carrie s., S. E. Earring. Richmond, Va;
Inez NJ, 6. w. Hall, Bealeton, Va;
Manuella, J. P. Crawford, Burke, Va.
Second race-2:15 trot; purse, 800.
Palm Cozinne. J. c. Mott, Pocomoke,
Md; Robs B., w. B. Mitchell, Baltl-
more; Humboldt, NJ, n. Walker. Bell
Haven, Va; Obesco, J. H. Beloate. Kel-
Keiam, Crodockville. Va; Bell Night,
G. w. Hall. Bealeton, Va,
Third race-2:20 pace; purse, $500. Alice
NJ, w. E. Miller, Washington; Linda,
T. D. Jones. Washington: Silver Lake,
Berkley Stock Farm. Berkeley, Va;
The Beauty Patchen, L. R. Osborne.
Frederick, Md; Jubilee, G. w. Hall,
Bealton. va; Cora Virgins, ]. L. Wild
meyer, Washington; King Charlie,
Charles Smith, Birds Nest. Va; Bonnie
Chimes, E Frazier, Baltimore: Prince
L., w. h. -. n.
H. c. Fawcett, Potomac, Nd; Mary c.,
Morton g. Mcintyre, Augusta, Ca
Fourth race-Running; mile and q
sixteenth. Purse. 500.
Rain Spoils Races.
Rain spoiled the racing yesterday, a
heavy downpour commencing just be-
fore the second race started.
In this race, a 2a7 pace, two Wash
ington owned horses met for the first
time They were Inez NJ. and Alice
NJ. The victory of Alice NJ. was decis-
i've. Summarizes:
2:17 trot; three heats in five; purse,
$500.
HumboIt, br. g. (Earing). l l l
Palm Cozine, blk. h. (MotD....... 8
Miss Kushan, b. m. (CrawforD..
Mellow. b. h. (Cannon). ........... 4
Time. 2:241l, 2:23%, 2:4O.
2:17 pace; three heats in five; purse,
$500.
Alice NJ, b. m. (Miller)............ l !
Silver Lake, +. h. (Shlegle).......
Inez NJ, b. m. I1alD.......-....." .
Red Rock, ch. g., Hnscoe). 4 4
Time, 2:19N, 2:19st, 2:29.
Running-Half-mile heats; two In
three; purse, 800; money divided after
second heat. Flat Creek (Welburnl,
I-2; Helen B. (Johnson), 2-1; wabash
Queen (Burk), 3-3. Time. 0:53 and 0:53
D'Arkle and Goldie B. also ran.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Find Mummifed Cat.

NEW YORK, Aug. 3o.-Masons alter
ing the front Of the Episcopal diocesan
house in Lafayette place. found per-
fectly munmified cat which is estimated
to have been in the walls eighty-three
years. .sF
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Used Grease for Butter.

NEW YORK, Aug. 3O.-Engineer Rich.
mond, of the steamer Asbury Park
made a complaint because he had not
showed the chef used 1t for butter.
The Washington times., 1911-08-30
Program For Today.

The program for today included a
cavalcade of stock around the race
track, before the beginning of the horse
show, two flights by Rex Smith, the
Washington aeronaut, an6 three races
two harness and one running event.
This afternoon, Philip Lee = Colds
borough, Republican candidate for gov
ernor and his associates on the State
ticket, Messrs. Cunningham and SopeT,
visited the fair, and politics held a
prominent place in conversation. An
excellent program has been provided
for the entertainment of the throngs
that are expected to attend tomorrow,
the big day of the fair. In the morn
ing, the parade of stock around the
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1911-11-17
OBSERVED sOth ANNIVERSARY.
Brattleboro Lodge Celebrated Occasion
Informally Last Night,

Brattleboro lodge, l02, r. 4 4. NJ,
informally observed the Both annivers,
ary of its institution at special com
municatiOn in Masonic temple last even.
ing. over so members of the craft in.
cluding Il number of visitors from Am.
herst witnessed the eXemplitication Of
the Master Mason degree upon two can,
iidates and listened to a brief talk by
the first master of the lodge, Worship.
full William II. Ninton, and short
sketch of the history of the lodge by
Past Master Ferris X. Vaughan. At the
close of the work a buffet lunch was
served in the banquet hall and the re-
mainder of the evening spent IN show.
ing the visitors through the rooms, and
in bowling aud billiards. IL was after
II o'clock when the last of the visitors
left for their hotel.
When the regular work OF the lodge
had been disposed of the wOrshipful
master. 4. r. Simonds, introduced Past
Master William II. Ninton who referred
briefly 10 the formation of the lodge and
gave as the reason therefor the inter.
ests of Masonry which the ~ Masons,
constituting the charter members of the
lodge. believed would be enhanced there.
by
Past Master Ferris X. Vaughan was
introduced as the historian of the lodge
and prefaced his remarks hy referring
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1911-11-17
Manv O. E. $. Grand officers Here.

The 10th annual meeting of the sec
ond district of the Order of the Eastern
Star was held with Bingham chapter in
Masonic temple Friday afternoon. About
25O members were present during the
afternoon and evening. At the close OF
the degree work Il banquet was served
bv the Bingham chapter. The session
opened at clock with the of1cers OF
keystone chapter of Ludlow in the
chairs and at 1 clock there was re
eeption to the grand officers, the ad-
dress of welcome being given by Mrs:
Hattie 5. Taylor, past grand matron OF
Bingham chapter The response was
made by Grand Patron George F. Le-
land of Springfield, Vt. The remainder
of the afternoon was spent informally,
the visitors being shown over the tem-
pie.
At 7.3O the degrees We're conferred
by Ramona chapter, No. 4, Mrs. Elmer +:
Parsons, worthy matron. A review OF
the work was given by the grand lee
turer, Mrs. Ruby c. Hawley of Richford;
The closing ceremonies were conducted
by Bingham chapter. The grand qflcers
present were: G. P, George F. Leland
If If Springfield: G. NJ, Mrs. Ella w
Weeks Of st. .Johnsbury: G. L., Mrs
Rnbv c. Hawley of Riehford; D. d,
G. F.. Charles S. Howard of Bellows
Falls; D. D. G. NJ, Mrs. Grace Richard
son of Williamsville; P. G. p. James
Weeks of st. Johnsbury; ?. G. NJ, Mrs
George F. Leland of Springfield; T. G
NJ, Mrs. Willis Griswold of Springfield;
P G. NJ, Mrs. Christina Borland OF
South Londonderry; P. G. p Arthur
SpauIding of Ludlow; P. C: NJ, of Mass.
Mrs. Mary Stebbins of Fitehburg
Mass. and Asso. c. NJ. of Mass, Mrs
French of Orange. Mass.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1911-11-17
PURE FOOD TESTS.
Interesting Address Before Women S
Club by Prof L. B. Allyn.

Kitchen Tests for the Purity of Food
Products was the subject of the address
before the Woman s club Wednesday by
Lewis b. Allyn, teacher of chemistry IN
the Massachusetts State Normal school
M Westfield. Mr.. Allyn is one of the
leading pure food campaigners and ms
MAGAZINE articles and laboratory work
at Westfield have attracted much Mteh-
tion, His home town is often referred
to rs the pure food town. Food products
sold there are likely to appear for an
alvsis in the normal school laboratory
and the dealers have come to prefer a
clean bill of health.
Mr. ALLYN s talk here was a revelation
to many of his hearers. There was moth
ing wildly sensational about hls state
ments. but in quiet and forceful way
he told about the composition of certain
food products. He showed how the house
keeper. by tests in her own kitchen, can
determine the purity of her supplies'
His plea was for honesty in preparation
and labelling and the crime against her
child by certain authorizations OF candN
was wildly shown. \ number OF simple
tests were made and a variety of art-
cles and their misleading labels eX-
plaiued. A sample of Brattleb0ro milk
was tested. 1t, OF course, proved to be
all right-the committee had made sure
of that. Mr.. Allyn doctored the milk
and by the same test showed how the
use of preservative could be detected.
One of the impressive experiments was
the dveing of n child 5 white stoc king a
beautiful pink by boiling i with two
and n half cent $ worth of Glove mints.
At the close of the talk Mr.. Allyn told
what the members of the club could do