Dewey County advocate. [volume] (Timber Lake, S.D.) 1910-1913, 1911-02-24
GEAR NOTIFIES POWERS OF IN.
TENTlON TO MAKE MILITARY
DEMONSTRATIONS.
1881 TREATY VIOLATED
Orders Are Issued Forthwith Sending
Troops to the District Of IIi-vital
Question Involved is Free
Trade In Mongolia.


Russia and China are strained to the
breaking point. Russia notified the
governments of Great Britain, France
and Germany of their intention to
make military demonstration on the
Russo Chinese frontier owing to
China's persistent violation of the st.
Petersburg treaty Of 1881.
Russian troops will be sent forth
with to the district of Iii. The extent
Of the demonstration, 1t is added in
the diplomatic note, will depend en-
tirely upon the attitude assumed by
China. s7f
The vital questions involved are free
trade in Mongolia, the extra territorial
rights Of Russians in China, and the
establishment Of Russian consulate
at Koebdo, Mongolia.
History Of the Trouble.
There have been rumors recently OF
an intention by Russia to bring pres
sure to bear upon Chinese because of
alleged violations of the RussO-C Chinese
treaty. That the situation was acute,
however, has been denied both by the
Chinese foreign board and the Russian
legation at Picking.
It has been admitted that there were
differences in the Interpretation Of the
International agreement as made at
St.: Petersburg and at Picking. The
treaty adopted in 1881 expires this
month and it has been reported that
China was unwilling to renew it, at
least not until certain notifications
had been made. The exchanges have
been closely guarded by both powers.
and what stage the negotiations have
reached was not indicated until yester.
day when the st. Petersburg Gazette
announced that an important confer
ence had been held at the war minis
try to consider "China's persistent
flouting of treaty stipuations."
The province of Iii, which had been
occupied by the Russian troops since
1871, was restored to the Chinese by
the treaty of 1881. Provision for the
Russian inhabitants there on the date
when the treaty became effective, was
as follows:
Russian subjects possessing land in
the country of Iii will keep their rights
of property even after the re-estab-
lishment of the authority of the Chi
nese government in that country.
This provision is not applicable to the
inhabitants of the country of Iii who
shall adopt Russian nationality upon
the re-establishment of Chinese au-
thor in this country.
"The western portion of the country
of Iii is incorporated with Russia in
order to serve as a place of establish
ment for the inhabitants of this coun-
try who shall adopt the Russian de-
pendence and who by this action will
have had to abandon the lands which
they have possessed there"
On the question of free trade in
Mongolia article IL of the treaty says
in part:
Russian subjects are authorized to
carry on, as in the past, trade free of
duties in Mongolia subject to China in
places where there is Chinese admin
istration and also in those where there
is none. ,ta.5
Russian subjects will equally enjoy
the right of carrying on trade free of
duty in the towns and other localities
of the provinces of Iii, OF Tarbargatai,
of Kashgor, of Urumtsi and other stu
ated on the slopes north and south of
the Chain of the Tied-Shan as far as
the Great Wall. This immunity will
be abrogated when the development
of the trade necessitates the establish
ment of a customs tariff conformable
to an understanding to be come to by
the two governments"