davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Duty on Secured Wool.

Another method Of meeting the diff
ticulty of taxing the grease pound is TO
assess a specific duty on grease wool in
terms OF its secured content This obvi-
ates the chief evil OF the present sys-
tenn, namely the discrimination due to
10 cqualizc the duty. The board reports
that this method is feasible in practice
and could ne administered without great
expense. The secured Conlsur OF the wool
is the basis on which users OF wool make
their calculations, and a duty OF this
One OBJECT of this method Of assessment
would be that, regardless OF the rate OF
| duty there would be an increase in the
supply and variety of wool BY making
! available 10 the American market woods
| of both low and fine quality now cx-
| cluded.
"The report shows in detail the diff
| cultics involved in attempting TO state in
| categorical terms the cost OF wool pro-
| ductiou and the great differences in cost
! rs between different regions and differ
| ent types OF wool. II is found, however,
that. taking all varieties into account.
the average cost of production for the
whole American clip Is higher than inc
cost in the chief competing country by
an amount somewhat less than the pres
| cnt duty.
''The report shows that the duties
! on oils. wool wastes and shoddy. which
! are adjusted to the rate OF SO cents OH
secured wool is prohibitory. In general
, they are assessed at rates high as
| clean content of woods actually import
! cd,
! They should he reduced and so au-
| iusted 10 the rate on wool TO bear
| their proportion TO the real rate levied
on the actual wool imports.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Findings Unanimous.

II now herewith submit a report OF
the tariff board on schedule *. The board
Is unanimous in Its findings. on the
basis OF these findings ! now recommend
that congress proceed TO a considcra ton
OF this schedule with view TO its re-
vision and a general reduction OF it's
rates.
"rhe report shows that the present
method OF assessing the duty on raw
wool that is by a specific rate on the
grease pound, namely, unsecured, oper-
ates 10 exclude woods of high shrinkace
In securing. but fine quality, from the
American market and thereby lessons
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

information up TO date with current
changes In the economic world.
at Is no part OF the function OF the
tariff board 10 propose rates OF duty.
Their function is merely to present flnd-
ings Of fact on which rates of duty may
be fairly determined in the light Of ac-
curate knowledge in accord with the
economic policy to he followed. This is
what the present report does.
"The findings of fact by the board
show ample reason for the revision down
ward OF schedule II In accord with the
protective principle and present the data
a to relative costs and prices from which
may he determined what rates will fair
~ equalize the differences In production
costs, ] recommend that such revision
be proce eded with at once"
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Meaning Explained.

ITO make the preceding paragraph d
nttle palmer, take the instance of a
hundred pounds Of flrst-clsss wool i'm =
ported under the present duty. which is
II cents a pound. That would make the
duty on the hundred pounds s11. The
rnercllantable part OF the wool thus i'm
ported is the weight OF the wool of this
hundred pounds after securing. III the
wool shrinks so per cent some wools
do then the duty In such n case would
amount TO s11 on twenty pounds OF
secured wool. This. Of course. would be
prohibtory. II the wool shrinks only 30
per cent 1T would he sil OH fifty pounds
! or wool and this is near 10 the average
OF the great bulk of woods that are i'm
ported from Australia, which Is the prin-
clpal source OF our imported wool.
These determinations could be over
come by assessing duty OF ad valorem,
put this method Is open TO the objection,
first. that IL increases administrative diff
| ficulties and tends to decrease revenue
| through under valuations. and, second.
that as prices advance the ad valorem
/ rate increases the duty per pound at the
! time when the customer most needs re-
lief and the producer can hest stand
| competition; while il prices decline tho
| duty Is decreased at the time when the
, consumer is least burdcne ed by the price
| and the producer most needs protcc-
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

proportion Of machinery used is made
abroad. or the 35 900 employees In the
industry in this country So per cent were
horn in foreign countries and more than
90 per cent had no previous experience In
mechanical Industry,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

on the cloth. which In a $50 suit would
approximate 80 per cent
THE report as whole confirms thp
need of substantially the same rate Of
protection as now embodied In schedule
X -
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

gagged in its making. He alsI dwells
WIN emphasis upon the fact that the
report is unanimous and asserts the be-
liet that II VIII convince ali OF the wis
dom Of making the tariff board perma-
nenC
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
fj[ MESSAGE AND
OF BOARD
l;l,ut Advocates Basins
|hs Rates Of Duty on
Secured Wool.
/ ,,,,t,nusd from Page one)
,,.,,,pusd from Page one)

.. IN wool. something Ike
Is,Nood bill. ,,,.a,o,r. nm OK
IG grower, expressed lllnSei. !.
sooi Satisfied with the board S
nd The presidents reco''n'e"u'
,,,niit Of Rhode Island, sue,
~ iar ,ar1ner senator Aldrich, said
q 'n,nyed that duties on some;
EcIt phrirs "can well be reduced
,.,,,ry. TO American industry.
tisut's Message
-, Taft sent 10 congress today
p,1' ,wsited report of the tarilI
Nss .Ssdule X OF the Payne tariit
~ il message rccomWend
W. W. raiss on wool and wooiens be
~ Is'r sh6ws that the existing
rl1, Glasses of wool and wool
. ,@ac,mres @ are prohlbltory and
-'%y,ss syc,ss OF the difference in the
1 L.inclIon here and abroad. The
N arranged as 10 keep out OF
~, states entirely wool of ilncr
rhich, If imported, might be
= Ssplacc the cheap substitutes
H., Taft calls attention 10 these
ga nrces that a revision Of the
&. proceeded with at once.
,srsrierizes the report of the
~, as the most complete and cN-
statement OF difficult and COM
"a sn6iect ever presented to a leg
=. sa5y. He declares II monu-
4 y i5e thoroughncss. Industry, i'm
[',w and accuracy of the men en-
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Prohibitory Duties,

THE duties on many classes OF wool
manufacture are prohibtory and greatly
in excess oC the difference in cost Of pro-
duction here and abroad
This is true of tops. Of yarns (with
the exception Of worsted yarns OF very
high Srade) and of low and medium grade
cloth Of heavy width,
''On tops up to 50 cents pound In
value and on yarns of 30 cents In value
the rate is 100 per cent, with correspond
ingly high rates for lower values, On
cheap and medium grade cloths the ex-
listing rates frequently run 10 $50 per
cent and on some cheap goods TO over
2n0 per cent. This is largely due 10
that part Of the duty which Is levied os-
renSlbly to compensate the manufacturer
for the enhanced cost Of his raw mate
rial due to the duty on wool. As mat
ter OF fact, this compensatory duty for
excess of the amount needed for strict
compensation.
"On the other hand the findings show
t1a, the duties which run To such high
ad valorem equivalents are prohhitory
siuce the goods are not imported, but
that the prices OF domestic fabrics are nut
raised by the full amount OF duty. On
4 set OF one yard samples Of sixteen Eng
lish fabrics which arc completely cN-
cludcd by tho present tariff rates il was
found that the total foreign value was
assessed had these fabrics hccn import
ed, S76.90; the foreign value plus the
! amount OF the duty, slls.7i, or a nominal
duty of IS3 per cent. In fact however,
practically identical fabrics of domestic
make sold at the same time at $500,
| showing an enhanced price over the for
cisn market value Of but 81 per cent.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Wool Shrinkage,

:. The rates OF schedule X ara :;
:. based upon the assumption that ;.
..s woods in the grease shrink an aver =
!. age OF SIS 2-3 per cent. While II is I
X true that considersbl BILE quantities Z
r of wool do shrink that amount, the :.
-.- average is well below that figure, :.
:. Certain very heavy woods grown at =
=. the South African cape and IN GER i
= tain districts OF Australia, South :.
=. America and the western United :.
- states, shrink as high rs 40 to IS 4
- per cent. :,
"The cost OF ufacturinG woolpn and
worstcd yarns and cloth In lhe / ed
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

the range of woods available 10 tho do
mestfc market: that the duty on secured
wool OF 81 cents per pound Ia prohibitor-y
and operates to exclude the importation
OF clean, low priced foreign woods OF In
ferior grades, which are nevertheless val
uahe material for manufacturing and
which cannot be imported In the grease
because OF their heavy shrlnkagc. Such
Uools II imported might he used to dis
place the cheap substitutes now in use I"
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Prevents Competition.

That the present duty OF IS cents per
pound on secured wool is prphibitvc, pre-
venting cffcctually the Importation OF
clean and low priced foreign wools OF the
lower grades that would be exceedingly
useful in the manufacture of wnolcns In
this country. and II so used might dis
place in large measure the cheap subsu-
tues now so frequently employed in that
industry. Tho fact that such cheap wool
ems arc of such heavy shrpkaee that they
cannot be imported IN an unsecured state
emphssIz all the more the prohibitivc
character Of the present secured pound
duty
THAT an ad valorem rate Is open 80
grave difficulties from the point of view
OF administration and revenue, AS IN the
case OF n crude. bulky commodity like
wool produced in many remote regions
and finding it's way into the markets
through 50 many varying channels Of
trade.
''That Furthermore an al volorem rate
would give high dutr on each pound
when prices are high, TINT is, when the
consumer most needs relief aud the pro-
ducc- IS most able 10 bear competition.
With a low price OF wool. The duty (per
pound would he low; that ig, at the time
whom the consumer has less need OF COM
petins woods and the producer is least
able to bear competition
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Some Computations.

At the present time. the industry in
general is on competitive basis. the re-
port says, THE cost OF a suit OF clothes
from the back of a. sheep to the back OF
man" is computed in the report and the
profits which accrue In the process are
traced TO their sources.
For purpose or computation the board
takes a suit Of clothes retailing at s23
and wholcsslins at $3.50 This is said
TO represent fairly tho suit OF clothes
worn by the average American,
| The farmer receives for the wool In
such suit S2,2S and his profit is 6S cents.
the manufacturer OF cloth receives for his
| product si7S and his profit is % cents; the
wholesale clothing dealer receives for his
product $3.50 and his profit ia So1S: the
retail clothing dealer receives s2S and his
profit is $3.50. The figures are aggregate.
Extracts from the report follows:
The result OF the raw wool investiEa-
Jion established the fact that 1t cosls
| more 10 grow wool in the United States
| than in any other country: that the u1erir.o
| woods required in such great volume by
our mills are tho most expensive of ell
woois produced; that the highest average
| cost OF production of such wool In the
world is in the state of Ohio, and con-
| tiguous territory, and that the lowest
average cost on similar wool, is in Aus
| tralla,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Form a Temptation.

Although these duties do not increase
the prices Of domestic goods by anything
like their full amount. it is none the less
true that such prohibitive duties eliminate
the possibility Of foreign competition
even in time OF scarcity; that they form
a temptation To mopopoly and consptr-
acies 10 control domestic prices; that they
are much in excess of the difference in
cost of production here and abroad. but
that they should he reduced TO Il point
which accords with this principle.
"The findings Of the board show that
In this Industry the actual manufacturing
cost aside from the question Of the ralGe
Of materials. is much higher in this
country than IL is abroad. that in the
making Of yarn and cloth. the domestic
or worsted manufacture has In general
no advantage IN The form of superior ma
chinery or moro efficient labor to offset
tie higher wages paid In this country,
Tho findings show that the cost of turn
ing wool into yarn I'm this country is
about double that in the leading compet-
ing country: and with cost of turning
warn into cloth Is somewhat more than
double. Under the protective policy a
great industry involving the welfare Of
hundreds OF thousand Of people has been
established despite these handicaps.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Exactness Impossible.

1T is not possible to state In exact
terms the actual cost Of producing a
pound OF wool considered by itself for the
simple reason that wool is but one OF two
products Of the same operation.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

!. That in tho western part OF the :.
r. United States, where about two =,
= thirds OF the sheep OF the country :,
+ arc 10 be found, the fine and fine :,
= medium Wools carry An average :,
I. charge of at least II cents per :,
I. pound. interest not included !
+ THAT IL account Is taken of the :;
!. entire wool production of the coun- :,
+ try including both 'nc and coarse :,
= wools the average charge against :;
= the clip Is about % cents per :;
4 pound :.
= THAT in South America. the cor :;
+ responding charge is between 4 and :,
= cents per pound, :;
+ That taking Australasia as q :;
!. whole, II appears that a charge OF :;
= very few cents per pound lies :;
: against the great clips OF that re- =
: gion In the aggregate. While the :.
l. board cannot therefore undertake :;
= to name an exact figure in that ::
I. case. II is certain that the Aus :.
= tralaslsn cost at large falls mate :
I,li, hsl no 4 M o,1,o y
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Moderation Urged.

I'm recommending revision and reduc-
ton therefore urge that action be taken
with these facts in mind, 10 the end that
an indepe endent and established Industry
may not be jconardized
The tariff board reports that no
equitable method has been found by
levied ] on woolcn and worsted fabrics
and that excepting for compensatory
duty the rate must be ad vslorcm on
such manufactures. 1t is important TO
rafe on such fabrics can be made to work
fairlV and effectively, Any single rate
which Is enough to equaiizc the differ
cnce in manufacturing cost al home and
Inc such labor would he prohibitory on
cheaper goods. which the labor cost is "A
smaller proportion OF TIC total value.
izn this difference on cheaper goods
would give protection for the fine goods
manufacturer. the increase in which has
naen ono nr the striking features Of the
trades development IN recent years.
,irefo,c recommend that In any ryision
the Importance Of a graduated scale OF
AL yaIorom duties on clotha be carefully
considered and applled.
Report Exhaustive.
Il venture 10 say that no legislative
body has ever had presented to II more
complete and exhaustive repore than this
on 80 difficult and copp,icsted l;os sueles,
the world over. II is a monument To the
| thoroughnesa industry, imp9rtiaiity and
/ ACCURACY or the men engaged In Its max
ing They were chosen from both poiit-
cal parties, but have allowed no partisan
spirit TO prompt or control their in
oi;iries They are Unanimous In their
| findings ] feel sure that after the report
has been printed and studied 10 this
schedule OF the tariff IL win convince
ali OF the wisdom of making such q
board permanent in order that " may
:. treat each schedule of the tariff IA " has
4 treated this, and then keep its bureau Of
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21

''Thc board finds that the prcsen,
method OF leyying duties unon raw Voc
is defective in that II operates, by reason
ot the varying ahrinkagcs Of the different
Eihds Of wool, to prevent the importatioa
OF many heavy conditioned sorts which il
imported. wonld add substantially to the
stock OF sound staples available for the
manufacture of WOODEN fabrics
THAT there is no valid reason for the
discrimination that now exists rs between
the woods of class 1 (mcrino and cross -
breds), and class (lErgland medium and
luster). and that these two classes could
nrnnorlN be consolidat ted.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
Findings of Board.

The boards report on schedule X sug-
gests general revision OF the duties OH
wool and woolens and many individual
reductions In the rates,
The board makes 10 recommendations,
but points out what changes arc desired.
IN nearly all classes Of the schedule the
boards experts report the majority of
the rates OF duty prohihitory and con-
demns the systems OF Ievying them.
The report points the way to two great
changes In the present system Of levy
ing duties upon raw wool and finished
cloth. 1t would assess duty on scrubbed
wool not wool and grease combined, ana
suggests Il graduate scale OF ad raoTem
rates on cloth.
The report is divided into sections. yiz.
Raw wool. yarn and cloth. They are taken
production and manufacture.
On raw WOOL the board finds the pres
cnt system of leVying duty bad. but
duties higher than the difference in cost
OF production in The United States as
compared With the cost abroad. The
method OF levyins duty is condemned be-
cause 1t charges for grease AS we'll as for
country the heavy shrinking woolens
On tops. from which yarn Is made, the
present rate OF duty Is found prohibitory.
It costs so per cent more In the United
docs anywhere else.
On yarn from which cloth Is woven the
present rate OF duty Is found to be pro-
| hibitory, because II keeps out all except
| the finer grades.
| On cloth the present rate OF duty is pro-
uounced prohhitory on heavy weight
cheap and medium grade cloths princi-
pally because of the specific compensatory
duty which fixes certain charge per
pound before the ad valorem rate begins
| II costs 100 per cent more to make cloth
| from yarn in the United States than II
does in England and France. The present
system OF fixing the same ad valorem
rates OF duty on different grades Of fabric
| is condemned as unfair.
r The board holds that a fair solu- :.
- tion would be the adoption of :.
| = graduated scale under which the ad e
= valorem ratio properly assessed on !.
- goods OF low value should then in. !.
- crease progressively according to =
= slight incrementS of value. up 10 =.
:. whatever maximum rates should be :.
- fixed. -
| The board s figures would seem TO show
that the ''prohibtory duties" do not affect
1.-THE American consumers so much as would
be inferred by the use OF those words: for
| while the duties of sixteen samples OF
foreign cloth selected by the board aver
gcd Is per cent, the actual excess Of the
domestic price over the foreign price was
found to be 81 per cent. as the result of
domestic competition.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-21
III Is Rarely That Such a Sale as
This Comes at Christmas Time.
But Our Need of Funds PROMPTED 0uick Action

OUR ENTIRE STOCK EXCEPT HOLEPROOF
HOSE AND ARROW COLLARS-IS INCLUDED
IN THE REDUCTIONS THERE is NO UNI
FORM DISCOUNT. EACH ARTICLE HAS BEEN
REDUCED ENOUGH TO MAKE SELLING EASY.
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-01-13
LIBRARY NOTES.

The new year opens hopefully for
the public library.
The books of modern fiction are
now arranged in order Of authors,
and il is easy for the reader to find
what he seeks.
1t is no small task 20 replace and
reminder a thousand or more books
and the librarian wishes to thank
those who so kindly aided in the
strenuous and au-day labors Of the
second and third Of January.
A set Of twenty new books from
the S. S. Mcclure company has been
sent to US by ]. n. Gamble. These
books are valuable TO US as they
give US the best in literature
science and philosophy.
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-01-13
The Original Britons.

The present day people of England
are not the same with those found
there by Caesar when he invaded the
country in 80 B. c. The people found
by Caesar were the Britons, Celtic
stock, the ancestors probably Of the
modern Welsh and the Scotch high
landers. It was about 40 y. D. that
there came from Germany the Angles
and SaXons (hence English and An
glo-Saxon'l, who have since been the
people of England" In other words,
Englishmen are no other than Ger
mans settled in England.-Exchange
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-01-13
PROMINENT St. AUGUSTINE
WOMAN IS CALLED BEYOND
MRS. J. w. ESTES WAS WIFE OF
ONE OF ANCIENT cITY'S MOST
PROMINENT BUSINESS RESI-
DENTS.

i ST. AUGUSTINE, Jan. 13-MrS. J
w. Estes, wife of one of the best
known business men of this city,
died at her home here, after lin
Sering illness.
The deceased was born at Forsyth.
Ga, June 10, 1858, and had been a
resident Of this city for the past
twenty-five years. She was a prom
lnent member of the Grace NJ. E.
Church of this city, and was noted
for her charity work. She was also
connected with number of benevo-
lent societies.
Mrs. Estes had always enjoyed
good health until about a year ago,
when she broke down and gradually
sank until the end came Wednesday
Her husband took her to a hospital
in Baltimore for treatment, but the
physicians gave her up, and she was
brought home.
The funeral was held Thursday al
$50 p. M, from the Grace M. E.
Church. Rev. j. H. Martin officiat-
ed at the services
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-01-13

p. v. Patterson and wife. of
Spring Lake. N. J.. are recent ar
rivals in the city and guests of the
Prince George for the season. Mr..
and Mrs. Patterson spent the larger
part of the season at the Prince
George the winter before last. Mr..
patterson is in the real estate bust
ness and is also secretary and treas
urer of the Monmouth Hotel, at
Spring Lake.
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-01-13

Theodore Stoetzner, of Utica, N
=. is guest at Schmidt,s. Hotel
Mr.. Stoetzner arrived "wednesday
and expects to spend the season in
this city. Last winter he traevled
extensively in this state and found
nothing he says that appealed "a
him as does Daytona. MIR. Stoetz.
ner is in the real estate and build.
ing business in Utica.