The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1911-02-24
TO WAR ON China
CAR NOTIFIES POWERS OF IN
TENTiOM TO MAKE MILITARY
DEMONSTRATION.
TREATY VIOLATED
Orders Are Issued Forthwith Sending
Troops to the District Of IIi-Vital
Question involved is Free
Trade in Mongolia.

London, Eng. - The relations of
Russia and China are strained to the
breaking point. Russia notified the
governments of Great Britain, France
and Germany of their intention to
make a military demonstration on the
Russo-Chinese frontier owing to
China's persistent violation of the ST.
Petersburg treaty of 1881.
Russian troops will be sent forth
with to the district Of Iii. The extent
IF the demonstration, it is added in
he diplomatic note, will depend an
.irely upon the attitude assumed by
China.
The vital questions involved are free
.rade in Mongolia, the extra territorial
tights of Russians in China, and the
establishment of a Russian consulate
at Koebdo, Mongolia.
History Of The Trouble.
There have been rumOrs recently of
an intention by Russia to bring pres
sure to bear upon Chinese because Of
alleged violations of the Russo-Chinese
.reaty. That the situation was acute,
however, has been denied both by the
Chinese foreign board and the Russian
legation at Picking.
1t has been admitted that there were
differences in the Interpretation Of the
International agreement as made at
st. Petersburg and at Picking. The
.reaty adopted in 1881 expires this
49, .~L ~ Ia- hn1~ ,N,n,tlJ ~. T.
China was unwilling to renew it, at.
east not until certain notifications
had been made. The exchanges have
oeen closely guarded by both powers,
and what stage the negotiations have
reached was not indicated until yester-
day when the st. Petersburg Gazette
announced that an important confer
ance had been held at the war minis
Try to consider "China's persistent
iouting of treaty stipuations."
The province of Iii, which had been
occupied by the Russian troops since
1871, was restored to the Chinese by
he treaty of 1881. Provision for the
Russian inhabitants there on the date
when the treaty became effective. was
ldue III dtIiClc| luI Gt, lOUI dllu SEVEN
IS follows:
Russian subjects possessing land in
he country of Iii will keep their rights
Of property even after the re-estab-
Iishment Of the authority of the Chi
lese government In that country.
This provision is not applicable to the
Inhabitants of the country of Iii who
shall o1nnf Dnocior rot;OroJ;f, ,,ro~
he re-establishment of Chinese au-
.hor in this country.
"The western portion of the country
Of Iii is incorporated with Russia in
order to serve as a place OF establish
nent for the inhabitants of this coun-
try who shall adopt the Russian de-
pendence and who by this action will
have had to abandon the lands which
hey have possessed there"
On the question of free trade in
Mongolia article 12 of the treaty says
n part:
Russian subjects are authorized to
carry on. as in the past, trade free of
duties in Mongolia subject to China in
places where there is a Chinese admin
%lstration and also in those where there
IS none.
RUSSIAN subjects will equally enjoy
The right Of carrying on trade free of
duty in the towns and other localities
Of the provinces of Iii, OF Tarbargatai,
Of kashgor, of Urumtsi and other stu
ated on the slopes north and south Of
the Chain of the Tied-Shan as far as
the Great Wall. This immunity will
be abrogated when the development
Of the trade necessitates the establish
ment Of a customs tariff conformable
to al understanding to be come to by
The two governments