Daily Kennebec journal., 1911-03-08

settled at about tie same time that
a." United States were settled or q
little before, and since the time oi
those settlements canada has grown to
a country of about 1,000o00 people
while the United states have about 81.
| 0G0,000. The United States has become
the greatest nation of the earth dur
ing that period. Her great natural re-
sources have developed and become
the wonder Of the world. ON the other
hand. across tn" line in Canada. her
forests still stand primcval almost as
they were on the morn of creation. th2
great water powers Of the st. John
and the st. Lawrence and the Great
Lakes are undeVeloped, her waters
through her numerous rivers run un-
VeXcd hy mill wheels to the sea. She
has 4 soil as rich as ours, and in all
ltar agricultural resources she sur
passes us. She has greater water pow
ers and natural resources undeyclopcd
than we have. Her waters are tul Oi
fish to supply to the world, no rostric-
tons upon labor and for that reason
We find the labor of the world drift
ing 70 Canada. cheap paupcr labor az
Ter hands 10 develop her resources, her
farms are urdcveloped. her agricul-
tural pursuits are of no consequence,
Of account. she still retains her 900 =
b00, small in the markets of the world.
and this treaty says that these 900
pi0 people north of us shall have tho
markets of 91,oOo. 900 people. and in ~
change fer the agricultural products
Of the farmers we shall have the great
privilege of a market of 1000, ,ooo
Now Mr. Speaker, this present treaty
although it has received merit as
something new. as some great thing
inaugurated by President Taft rs a
great blessing to our people. is NOT
new; ii Is something old. sometiins
that this nation once discarded We
had this same treaty in 1854, and We
had 1t for II years, commencing i'm
1854 and ending in 1866. the same
treaty that President Taft says We
want nov, and at the end of that l.
years We sent from the Congress of
the United States TO England this
notice. that il was ~ longer for the
interest of the United States to con
tinuc the same course. Previous to
that notice from our Congress to Can
1864 the privy council made this re-
port.
'tIt would be impossible to express
in figures with any approach to ac-
curaoy the extent to which the facli
ties of commercial intercourse created
by the reciprocity treaty have con-
trbuted to the wealth and prosperity
Of this Province; and it would be
difficult to exaggerate the Importance
which the people of Canada attach to
the continued enjoyment of these facil-
ities.'
England approved of it and Eng
land prospered under it and Canada
grew rich under it. and we suffered;
and SO we repudiated it, and Senator
Sherman of Ohio. when that matter
csme before cur Congress where they
the treaty and would stand
by it no longer. said:
"All the products of Canada come
into our markets free Of this duty.
While this treaty stands it IS Il dis
elimination against every farmer and
every mechanic and every industrial
interest of the Western states. The
farmer in Canada may raise his grain
and produce and send it to our mark
cts free of duty. and it pays no tax.
We cannot reach their railroads; we
can not tax their transportation; we
can not effect them i'll the least; and
yet every interest of our farmers Is
taxed. It is manifest, therefore. that
while =" maintain our present sys-
ten of internal taxation, the recipro-
city treaty is a direct benefit to the
Canadian producer, farmer. and me
chanic, and it is discrimination
against our own farmers and mechan-
les. 1t seems 20 me, therefore. for
this reason alone. if there were no
other, that this treaty ought to fall,
and it did.
Now then during the Cleveland ad-
and while the tariff ques-
tion was under discussion it was
though then that they might revive
the old treaty of 1854, and they at
tempted to do it through Cleveland;
and he, great Democrat that he was,
that. In the Canadian Par-
lament on the 24th day of February,
1903 Sir John Charlton then a MEM
ber of the Canadian Parliament. said
"rhe American policy has been ap-
piled not only to us. but to all the
world. The object of the United states
has been to sell all that it possibly
could oe the products of its soil and
its mills and its workshops and to
buy just as little as it could from
othcr countries, and thus have az
much of the balance of trade in it's
own favor rs possible. The result
has been that the balance of trade III
favor cf the United States last year
amounted to 5000. .000000 as against the
wnole world, s1l.000,00O as against
Canada. That is good thing for
the United States. and it Will be her
policy So long as the rest of the whole
world will permit her to do it; but it
is not good for us
Iren he goes, on to say further:
Something must be done to change
tn" trade conditions that exist be-
tween the United States and Canada.
Free trade in natural products would
afford a reasonable adjustment. Moth
ing short "f this will do, and this con-
dltlon OF Tree trade Of natural products
must be granted by the United States
without q. solitary concession from
Canada further than she has already