Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1911-06-06

duction OF print paper in the United
States and in Canada. Indeed, the report
is so complete as to vindicate the judg-
ment of those who proposed the use OF
board for the purpose of determining
the difference in the cost of articles al
home and abroad with a view to assisting
the congress in a rational readjustmeni
of the tariffs
This report shows that the mills best
situated in the United States with the
best machinery, can manufacture print
paper at a slightly less cost than the
mills best situated In Canada; that the
Canadian mills on an average have new
er machinery than the United States
mills. that there are quite number OF
United States mills that use old ma
chinery, and, therefore. do not conduct
their business on economical lines; that
the average cost of production in all the
mills Of the United States, including the
poorest mills, is about s. more a ton
than the cost Of production in Canada
with its newer mills; and that this s.
is Just about the difference between the
cost of pulp wood in the United States
and the cost of pulp wood in Canada.
1t seems fairly reasonable TO suppose,
too, that the pulp wood which only
grows north Of the 45th degree Of lati-
tude, will be exhausted IN the United
States, or remain in the control of a few
persons, because of the drain Of the
United States mills. 1t is of the highest
importance, therefore, not only to the
consumers, but to the manufacturers of
print paper in order that they may secure
their raw material at a reasonable price,
to secure al letting down of the bars
in Canada for the expectation Of pulp
wood The provinces of Canada have
control over the crown lands in which
nine-tenths of the pulp wood is grown
and they imposed restriction and import
duties of various kinds upon the pulp
wood in the crown lands, in order to pre-
vent the export of the wood except in
the form of paper. The agreement pro-
vides that whenever the Canadian prov
inces remove all restrictions upon the
expectation OF pulp wood, then Canada
viii permit United States paper to come
in free to Canada, and the United States
win permit Canadian paper to come in
free into the United States.
This exact agreement is not en-
bodied in the bill as recommended to
the house by the ways and means COM
mittee and as passed by the house.
Instead. in order to induce the Cana
dian provinces, over whom the domin-
ion can exercise no control, to lift the
restrictions upon the expectation or
their pulpwood. it is provided that
when paper is made in Canada from
wood grown on land not under export
restrfctions-the paper may come into
the United States free; and il is hoped
that the difference of s5.T5 between the
duty on paper from restricted wood
and no duty on paper made from I'M
restricted wood, will induce the prov
inces to lift their restrictions.
1T is thus apparent that while a
small amount of paper may come in
free into the United States under the
existing tariff. the paper made from
nine-tenths of the pulpwood of Canada
viii pay a duty of 1915. 1t seems TO
me that this is treating the paper
manufacturers of the United States
fairly. 1t is a provision calculated TO
secure to them a source of supply
where they can get their wood at So
less a ton than in this country with
the disadvantage Of a small competi-
ton Of paper made in Canada from
Canadian wood, upon which there is no
restriction. 1t is a provision looking
far into the future and which we all
hope may create a condition of abso-
lutely free trade in paper and its ma
terials, a condition that candid ana
sagacious paper manufacturers viii adj
as 1t certainly is for the consumers.
The third class of opponents to the
bill are those who claim vociferously to
represent the whole farming industry
of the United States. This. Of course,
is a much more formidable opposition
than the special interests to which I
have referred, and it Is but natural
that these special interests should be
found cooperating with those who
claim to Representa- the farming in
terest in arousing the farmers to the
horrors and disasters that are to fo1-
low reciprocity
The employment of New Yory city
firm, skilled in sending circulars. is
not the subject of proper criticism,
provided the statement as made in the
circulars are reasonable and well
founded. The significance Of the fact
that this same New York firm is look
ing for financial assistance in the
campaign they are carrying on in be-
half of farmers against reciprocity, not
only to the National Grange. but also
to gentlemen interested in lumber, in
the manufacture Of print paper. and in
other manufactures, cannot escape the
attention of the public.
How is the farmer to be affected
by Canadian reciprocity and free trade
in agricultural produce? Canada is SO
far north that her agricultural products
are limited to wheat, rye, barley, oats,
potatoes. live cattle, horses and dairy
products. She cannot. and does not
raise more than one-sixth of one per
cent OF the corn crop Of the United
States. She raises no cotton; she rails
es but few vegetables; she raises but
few hogs because she has not the corn
to feed them VITA; she is at present a
great importer Of all fruits, citrus ana
otherwise from the United States. She
imports a large amount of cotton seed
oil, which, by the Canadian reciprocity
treaty, is now made free: she cannot
fatten cattle as they are fattened IN
the United States. and therefore IL has
become probable for farmers to import
young cattle from Canada. even with
The duty on them, and fatten them for
the Chicago market
The United States exports into Can
ada a great many more horses than
she imports from the Canadians. She
sends to Canada much larger amount
Of potatoes than she receives from her.
The United States exports into Canada
about fifteen times. as much of meat
and dairy products as Canada exports
into the United States.
Il have been attacked on the floor of
the house and elsewhere as occupying an