Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-12-08

on England's battle fields. The Poor
Laws, begun back in the sixteenth
century as a means of alleviating
suffering, laid a monetary and social
burden upon the country which it
has never been able to throw of.
In the famous Dartmouth College case
the legal procedure left a trail of pre-.
cedent behind it against which we
still struggle more ~ less in vain.
Real Pxablem In America.
In the utilization of the phrase:
"Capitalism and cooperation in agri.
culture" l am persuaded that it Is
the expression of real problemv
which will have much to do with the
future of America. It is not my in
tention, nor Is it necessary, that the
words be used in a critical or deroga-
tory sense, but it is rather a phrase
fitted to describe the entrance of cap
ital into agriculture. Looked at from
this point of view, capitalism is the
utilization of money resources in in
dustry. There are certain fundimen-
tails which must exist before capital
enters industry in the sense in which
1t is called capitalism. The chief fac
tor is machinery. It does not require
any special powers of observation on
the part of the men to note that won
derful progress has been made in the
use Of machinery in the field of agri-
culture. While it is true that the
steel plow did not come into exist
ence until 1870, nevertheless, the
growth of machinery in this particular
branch of mems occupations has gone
onward by leaps and bounds. and
what Is still more noticeable is the
Introduction of the traction engine
as substitute for horse power. An
example or two Of just what this
means may be worth while.
introduction Of Power Machinery.
On a thousand acre farm in Kansas,
by the use of traction engines, the
cost of blowing. drilling and harrow
ing was reduced from $500 to $6O6.
In another instance where the cost
Of putting in the crop by the use of
horse power amounted to $3.50,
when tractors were used there was
saving of $3.50. The two.gang
tractor plow is now able to break
up three.quarters of an acre in an
hour, while the seven gang tractor
pillow has an acre and twenty-nine
one-hundredths to its credit in tho
same period of time, and a recent ex.
pertinent in the use of three tractors
and f1fty-seven plows resulted in the
breaking up of fourteen acres an hour
These examples which have been
cited of the introduction of power
machinery in agriculture mean the
reorganization |of agriculture as q
consequence. Out of this is likely
to come a decrease in the relative
number of agricultural laborers en-
ployed, with a material increase in
the acreage farmed, and a much larg-
or and better crop as consequence
Of deeper blowing. There will result
also lower cost per unit of product,
and further, a systematizing of meth
DDS Of organization and Of business
conduct which will promote the CEN
tralizing Of management in the con-
tinuity Of production. Thus will come
about what might be termed the fac
torizing of agriculture.
Agriculture Is Largest Field
It is also a matter Of observation
that capital, or rather the owners of
capital on large scale, having ex-
plotted monopolies and having stead
lily accumulated more capital, are now
seeking new fields Of investment from
which reliable returns may be had.
The Introduction Of the traction en-
CINE makes agriculture today the larg-