davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Normal School Glass Reunion.

The third annual reunion OF the class
of 1907 of Normal School No. was held
at Cafe Martin last evening. After q
short business meeting the evening was
spent in dancing. After a buffet lunch
con appropriate souvenirs were distrib-
uted Those present We're Esther Mid
dleton, Rae Cornish. NJ. c. Scurlock,
jamie 3. Cole. Willie Brown, Sallie
Fisher. Naomi Lewis, Marion L. Sumner,
Ernestine Brent. Gypsy NJ. Taylor. May
wood Mitchell, Julia Allen Fannie III
Burrell Marie Lewis, Florence Stokes
Ellen Lee, Alfrida Kennedy and Mrs
William Reed, and Messrs. Brown, Cop
page, Scurlock, Bradford. Moreland. Har-
.ris, Truehart, Hamilton. Bell. Jones, Will
kns. Opey. Matthews, Saunders, Gray
and kOnick.
The following officers have served the
class since its organZatio ion in, 1906: j
MOria Saunders. president: Jarie Il. Cole
vice president NJ. q. Srurlock. tsecretary
and Samuel D. Matthews, treasurer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

mems OF patent medicines often given to
children, terning them "baby killers"
lie explained the analysis of several OF
the drugs.
1t was announced that the second Inter-
national Congress on THE Welfare of the
Child would be held here from April Is
TO May , The second Sunday in May is
to be observed in the local churches as
Mothers day" All pastors have been
requested to preach ON topics appropriate
TO that day. The next meeting OF tho
local Mothers Congress is TO he held at
the Mount leasant Congregational Church
March II. The feature of the meeting
will be an address on The Unknown
Factor in the Home Equation by Mrs.
Frank J. Goodwin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
ALEXANDRIA AFFAIRS
Man Held for Grand Jury on
Charge of Robbing Store.
FUNERAL OF MRS. CATION
Eagles Will Initiate Sixty Candi-
dates-Elks to Hold
Ladies' Night.
Special Correspondence of The Star.

Special Correspondence of The star
ALEXANDRIA,, Va. February 13, 1911.
Harvey Davis in the police court this
morning, was held for the action of the
grand jury on 4 charge of entering and
TobbinS tle store of Fairfax & Go. Tues
day night. Three boxes of cigars found
by the police in a house where it was
stated Davis has a room were offered
as evidence. Mr. Fairfax. proprietor of
the store, testified that he was the only
person in the city that he knew of who
handled the cigars contained in two OF
the boxes.
Davis denied the charge, saying lie pur
chased the cigars from a negro for -
cents. The negro. he said, wanted 81. 20
for the cigars. but witness offered him
half that sum and it was accepted
Other cases disposed of in court were
as follows: Arthur Lee. colored. as
sault on ]. c. McMichin, fined 50: Will
liam Iovett. defrauding Irene McDer-
mott of 81. paid same and was acquitted :
Hally Brown, colored assault on Minnie
Fortune, fined $40: Ellis Holland ami
Sonny Barbour, colored, disordcrlv and
fighting, the former acquitted and the
latter fined $40.
Mrs. Cation Is Buried.
The funeral Of Mrs. Eva Dent Cation.
wife OF j. Randall Cation, jr, took
place at $50 o'clock this morning from
st. Mary's Catholic Church and was at
tended by large gathering of relatives
and friends. Rev. II. j. Cutler conductei
the services. Burial was in Bethel ceme
terry. The floral offerings were handsome
and numerous
Those serving as pa'lbearers We're:
Ernest l.. Allen. G.. l.. Boothe c. &. Car
lin A. ID. Brockett. r. r Marbury. r. G.
Smith. Harmon Roberts and David \.
Iiultish.
Tie funeral of Eugene Brufy took
place this afternoon from his home in
Del Ray. Rev. W. T.. Watson pastor of
the First Baptist Church, conducted the
services and burial was in Bethel Gene
terry.
Alva Aerie Fraternal Order of Eagles,
will tomorrow evening initiate sixty cam
didates into the order. The work will
he conferred by degree team from
| Washington. Arrangements are being
made by the order for a big banquet
! March ].
Ladies night will he observed this even
ing at the ks home. An interesting
program has been prepared by tie COM
mitt@e i'll charge including music and
dancing. tn he followed by refreshments.
IN oyster roast was given last evening
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
C. J. F. PIERCE DEAD.
Expires Suddenly at Virginia Home
of Representative Flood.

c. J. Faulkner Pierce. a nephew of eN-
Senator Faulkner of West Virginia, and
cousin of Representative Flood of Fir-
ginia, died at the home of the latter.
Eldon in AppomattoX county, Va, last
night.
Mr.. Pierce was fifty years of age and
unmarried. Prior to four years $50 he
resided in this city. and was employed
at the District building. He had suf-
fered from heart trouble, and his sud-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
DRAWS IN CHESS TOURNEY.
Capablanca Still Tied for Lead in
Masters Games.

SAN SEBASTIAN, Spain, February %.
Play in the international chess mas
ters' tournament yesterday was de-
voted to adjourned games Two of
these Were disposed of, while the third
had to be adjourned a second time. The
first two resulted in draw between
Schlechter and Burn and between Ru-
binstein and Teichmann. The third
game was between Duras and Janow-
ski. The record now stands:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

at the Columbia fire engine house by the
members of that company and was large
ly attended.
An entertainment Will be gwen TINS
evening in the Young peoples building
under the auspices of the Lady Mac
abeeS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Won. Lost

Niehoff, a Western League intie,der has
made a hit with Barney Dreyfus just on
his nerve. When Dreyfus, who drafted
him. sent him a contract, Niehoff re-
Samped the money and the terms to suit
himself and sent it back. Barney was so
struck with his chestiness that the con-
tract was ratified.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
SNARE OF THE DRUG. :"
DR.. Keller in Lecture Warns Against
Dosing Children.

THE Snare of the Drug was the sub
ject of a lecture by DR.. Lymon +. KELLER
of the Department of Agriculture before
the Congress OF Mothers of the District
yesterday afternoon at the Arlington
Hotel. Dr. kebler exhibited several speci-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
French Jackies in Mardi Gras.

NEW ORLEANS. La, February D.
Three armored French cruisers. the
GIoire. Admiral Aube and Conde anchor
ed in the Mississippi river off Canal
street last night. sent here by the French
government to participate in tho Mardi
GraS festivities. This is the first visit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

den death was probably due to that
cause.
The body will be taken to AIartinsburg,
w. Va, where the funeral services will
be held at 80 o'clock tomorrow after
noon. Burial will be in the Faulkner lot
in the cemetery at Martinsburg.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

of French battleships i'm this port during
Mardi AGras since the festivities were
inauguyated. Six bundled French blue
jackets will march i'll the parades.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Canadian Tariff
Still Is Protective


although its general average is much
| lower than that of the United States
/ or Germany, and its free list is larger
than that Of the United States. The
Canadian tariff now is admirably de-
| signed for swapping purposes. 1t is
so arranged as to permit of give-andtake
| negotiations with any country.
| The general tariff, which is the basis
of the plan, imposes duties avera gin &
liz per cent. Above this a surtax of
an increase of >; l.; per cent may be
| levied against the wares of any country
that does not give Canada its best tariff
terms. Below the general tariff is the
Intermediate scale. which is a reduction
and which is available for countries
Lowest of all is the British preference
OF -; l.; per cent under the general tar
if. 1t is the policy of the Canadian
government to preserve this British pref
erence at all events. The liberals are
solidly for it, and the conservatives also
have come over. and now find favOrite
pastime in accusing the liberals of in
fidelity to the principle.
When the pending reciprocity agree
ment was. first brought forward the Cana
dian conservatives, who opposed it, cried
quickly that it would undermine the prin-
ciple of British preference, forgetting
that their own party, when last in power,
had refused even to admit the desirabllty
of British preference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

c1dental protection. although il constant
| iy claims To be seeking further reduc-
tons
he protected interests. especially the
manufacturers. were intensely opposed tc
the liberal program. and especially to
the british preference and the proposed
American reciprocity. They supported
the tory party in 1896 and were defeated
~ great uprising in the rural districts
aud the unexpected detection of the
FFench-Speaking province of Quebec
folr years later, in the general election
OF 1904, the liberals had SO far convinced
the manufacturers of their desire to be
reasonable and gradual in tariff reduc-
tons that the tories bitterly accused the
manufacturers of contributing to the sri,
campaign funds.
Efforts TO bring about reciprocal tariff
relations with the United States failed
through thc refusal Of the American SEN
a." to consider the treaties, and there
upon Canada looked abroad. Very care.
1HilE. Very slowly and very conservatives
~. indeed. the Laurier government and
the ministry Of finance under the admin
iS'ration Of Mi. Fielding proceeded TO
attack the general tariff problem Tie
work that has been done has been ac-
complished with little fuss and fury, but
with great results
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

The lowering Of the tariff barrie!
against England was, according 10 tn,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Treaty With France
Is Negotiated.

concessions. As many other countries
have most favored nation clauses in
their commercial treaties with Great Brit
ain, and as Canada is, in a treaty sense,
a part of the British empire. these con-
cessions were extended automatically to
many other countries of Europe.
Under the operation of this system Can
ada became involved in a tariff war with
Germany. The Germans objected to the
British preference. and placed a surtaX
on Canadian wares. The Ottawa gov
eminent Immediately retaliated, and for
eleven years intercourse between the two
countries was interrupted. But, at last,
the business men of Germany held out
an olive branch to the business men of
Canada, and March l of last year the
tariff war ended
On the whole, it may be said that the
tariff tinkering in Canada in the past
fourteen years has resulted in greatly
strengthening the commercial position of
our northern neshbors.
Tom0rrQw-POLITICS IN CANADA.
X-RECIPROCITY AGREEMENT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
National Policy
Is Esta blished.

tective tariff without using the word
protection, which was hateful to the ears
of many Canadians. This action was
analogous to that OF Henry Clay in the
initiation of The American system after
the war Of 1912, when protection was de-
sired. but the word Was feared. The
resolution setting up the national pohcs
and fixing the subsequent course or the
conservative party in Canada deciareu
for a "judicious reimbursement OF the TAR
in'' which would benefit the AGRICULTURAL,
mining and manufacturing interests OF
the Dominion. restore prosperity 70 our
struggling industries now so sadly de-
pressed. prevent Canada from becoming
a sacrifice market, encourage ana ceveiop
an interprovincial trade and procure 1or
this country a reciprocity of trade with
the United States.
At that time all factions of tarlff opinion
in Canada agreed in desiring reciprocity
with the United States. and the promise
of reciprocity was one of the chief as
sets of the national policy in the be-
ginning. But there was nothing III the
behavior of the conservative governme Mt
TO encourage reciprocity with the United
States or any other country.
During the eighteen years of the con-
seryative control of the Canadian govern
ment, from 1878 to 1896, practically every
change made in the tariff schedules was
in the direction of higher and more ef-
fective protection. The fact that the
Canadian tories claimed for themselves
as among Canadians a monopoly of 10y
atty to Great Britain did not have the
effect of making them give the mother
country any advantages over any other
foreign state. ENGLAND paid exactly the
same duties at the Canadian customs
houses as did Germany or Brazil.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

Under this complex system Canada a
year ago negotiated treaty with France
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Lower Barriers
Against England.

ton OF tariff based, not upon the pro-
tective system, but upon the requirements
OF the public service" Since that time
the liberal party has not denied either
the existence or the desirabiiity of .in-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23
Liberals in Charge
of Government.

lection with CandUr, leaving the phase
tile national policy to the formal decia-
rat ions OF statesmen. But as the adNo-
Gates OF protection became holder, so Its
opponents were at last encou:a gcd to Ia ke
heart In 1896 the conservative govern
ment's eighteen years lease of power
came to an end and the liberals took
charge OF the government.
The liberals had advocated a tariff for
revenue only during the campaign. but
sufficiently strong To undertake a radical
downward revision and readjustment of
the tariff They feared to upset the
business conditions of the nation, and.
therefore, they decided to make haste
slowly.
The Laurier government decided at
once TO do three things with respect
to the tariff: uD reduce the schedule
gradually by legislation; 81 grant pref
c-ence TO Great Britain. and ~ negoti-
ate reciprocity treaties with the Unite ed
States and other nations The liberals
declared in 1891, the same year the Amer
lean Congress passed the Dineley bill
that the national policy" had been q
failure and that the new program per-
mitted the gradual reduction of the tar
if in three ways. The first thing done
was to lower the tariff against Grea,
Britain by granting a preference, al
first of one-eighth in the tariff duties
That preference now has been increase
until * is one-third of the general sched-
uleS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

In Canada. as in every other country
the tariff question always has a prom
inent place in politics. In a broad way II
may be stated that the conservative
party in Canada favors protection, while
the liberal party advocates a revenue
tariff. But, as in the case of the demo-
cratic and republican parties IN the
United States, the two Canadian parties
have not always adhered strictly to their
theories with respect to the tariff. Both
have been opportunists. and first one and
then the other has changed its views in
accordance with changing conditions. The
fact. however, that there issa large pro-
portion of free traders in the liberal
party ana the natural sympathy Of That
organization with the free trade liberal
party Of England has kept the Canadian
,,rits always on the low tariff side as op-
posed to the protectioniStic theories OF
The tories
The FIRST government of Canada. after
the confederation i'll 1867. was conserfa-
tive. but the tariff question did not take
a place of major Importance during the
first Macdonald administration. The ND
eral ministry under Mackenzie was al
most an absolute free trade government
i'm theory, and it endeavored to reduce
the tariffs then in effect. In the latter
part of the seventies, corresponding with
the time of the Hayes adminiStra alton Ill
the United States, the general financial
depression of the world was felt with
particular severity III Canada. The I'D
cral ministry fell as a result of the .hard
timeS,' and Sir John Macdonald AGAIN
was returned IL power as premier OF 4
conservative ministry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

In the first session of the. new tory
parliament Sir John brought forward I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

The advocates of protection wee salts
ed with the evident success of the system.
and as the years passed by the fear OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-02-23

Inc Canadian tariff, as it has been
amended from time to time under the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-02-13

the home producer. He argued.
therefore, that inasmuch as the con-
ditons OF production from the United
states and Canada were substantial
ly the same" the widest latitude was
given Secretary Knox and the COM
missioners who represented the United
States in offering to Canada a reduc-
ton of duties on goods and products
coming into this country from Cam
ada in consideration of the establish
ment of the same duty. OF freedom
from duty, on similar goods going into
Canada"
The President explained that it was
thought wiser on behalf of both gov
ernments not to make formal
treaty but to make an agreement be-
tween the executives by which each,
exercising his constitutional power in
his government. should submit the
agreement in the form of a statute to
be enacted and to go into force on
condition that similar statute was
passed by the legislature of the other
country" He said in part:
This form of agreement between
the two countries makes it one from
which either country can withdraw at
will by simply changing the statute by
new legislation. But If the Identical
statute is adopted in both countries. as
long as ii remains unamended in
either the agreement is in force.
Il am It protectionist. That is.
believe that there are certain indus
tries in this country which need the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-02-13
Uncle Sam S Big Dollar.


Did you know that last year the
military expenses of this Government.
past. present and future including
pensions and interest on the public
debt-amounted to $40 for yourself
and $3.50 for your family. provided it
has five members? At least that is
what YOUR share Of these expenses
would have been if they had been ap-
portioned according to population.
But as no Federal tax collector ever
called on YOU. the chances are that
you have no idea what the Govern
ment is costing or how it is spending
its money.
The expenses of the United States
Government for the year that ended
June 80. 1910, We're pretty close to $780,
Doc 900. As there We're 92,000,000 per
sons in the country at that time. the
ccat OF the Government was about
$50 apiece, or $3.50 for family of
five.
Something less than half OF the rev
enue for this expenditure came from
customs from internal revenue duties
and the corporation tax. 1t is impos-
sble to figure how much each family
actually pays of these indirect taxes.
But suppose the total expenditures
gre apportioned to duties and the
bulk OF the remainder each group OF
five persons. it is interesting to see
what share of the $3.50 would go to
the various objects.
The largest single expenditure is for
pensions. Twenty-thrce cents of every
dollar spent by the Government goes
for this purpose. This is $3.50 for
every family. The army comes next
with 1St2 cents out of every dollar or
500 to the family. Next comes the
navy with IS cents out of every dollar,
or S6.75 to the family. Most Of tine
public debt was incurred in war ex-
penditures and this adds three cents
to the dollar or nearly $1.15 more.
making the military expenditures of
the Government nearly 63 cents out OF
every dollar. or $3.50 out of the $31 50
which the average family pays.
To rivers and harbors the Govern
ment contributed last year four cents
for every dollar it spent or SLIGO from
each family. Another great CONNER
cial Improvement. the Panama Canal.
took five cents out OF the Government $
''"'i ih9t year, VI Rl.ei AZ IdflliF.
The Department of Agriculture is one
OF the greet institutions of the Gov
eminent, conducting, as II does. i'm
portant experiments for the farmers
and supervising the Weather Bureau.
the forest service and the food STAN
dards. 1t got not quite two and Il
half cents. or 90 cents for a family.
1t cost a little less than two cents
ont If ever dollar spent to make the
laws. and less than tenth of a cent
to supervise heir execution from the
White House and the Civil Service
Commissioner expense Of 10 cents a
family in the one case and u. cents
in the other. The foreign relations o
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1911-02-13
Some New Pension Swindles.
IS REGULAR ORGANIZED INDUSTRY IN
BORDER STATE.

married to the man th"m she claimed
as her husband. but she did not even
know him. She was one Of Il group
of women who had been hired to act
as widows for a corresponding mum
Der of negro soldiers whose bodies lay
in the cemetery.
The attorney who organized the
conspiracy had gone to work in most
business-lillc way. lie had taken
down from the headstones in the
cemetery the names Of the men. MI
the negroes thcreahout belonged Ia
some mutual benefit lodge of their
own race. and from the lodge records
the swindlcr bad siftcd the list SO as
to retain on it only the names OF un-
married mon. the widows of those
actually married being perilous to
approach with such business, lest
some of them might already be draw
ing pensions and give tho Pension
Office warning. Each dead bachelor
was provided with ready made
widow from among the local Colorcd
population. The same set of wit
ncsses was called into play for the
whole batch of cases. And a colored
preacher was used for the necessary
testimonials as to the credibility Of the
witnesses. The preacher was ar
rested and locked up. but broke Jail
and disappeared and only recently has
been rccaptured in another state or
the loo eases 102 have been thrown
out for fraud. The other four have
slipped into the roll by one means or
another, and. although the whole
batch were tainted with suspicion, il
may be necessary to leave these few
where they are for lack of the al
nrmative evidence to upset them.
The rule which makes seven Years,
absence a presumptive proof of sol
diers death has sometimes come into
the widows pension cases in pc
culiar way. \ man committed muir
der and disappeared. After seven
years his widow. finding no trace of
him anywhere. asked tho Pension Or
flee to treat the case of presumptive
death. The office had 10 make Il rul-
ing that a man who was a refugee
from justice would necessarily disap-
pear from view, and hence that to this
case the reasoning from long absence
would be tnapplicable.
The cases of dependent mothers
furnish some troublesome questions
for the Pension Office to deal with. \
woman. who had been for years draw
ing a pension as the dependent mother
of u soldier, was reported by one OF
the Field Agents of the Pension Of
flee as having remarked. When
taxed with the fact the woman deiied
the office TO prove the remarriage.
The office could find no trace or docu-
mentary or other evidence beyond the
tact that she was known everywhere
by the name Of the man with whom
she was living and treated by her
neighbors and the tradesmen with
whom they dealt as his wife. The
office then proposed to strike her from
the roll under the act of 1882 on the
ground that she was living in unlaw-
full relations. 1t was evident, how
ever that she had been coached by
some shrewd attorney, for her case
was promptly shown to be outside of
the operation of that law. since the
law referred not to mothers, but TO
widows. The only way the Pension
Office could get rid Of the woman.
therefore, was to fall back upon it's