davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
MAKING A SUMMER RESORT OF THE HOME

Gus summer weather and get acquainted
with the skies. the birds, the flowers
and the trees. Take an afternoon each
week and devote it to doing nothing: go
mock and read. Do the thing that
afternoon that you really want to do,
not the thing that you think you ought
to do. Don't forget the picnics. Make
up party Of yourself and other tired
housekeepers.
Do not confine yourself to a cold lunch.
Prepare a hot lunch In your f1reless
cooker before going and take 1t with you
in the cooker. Be sure to put your hot
tea and coffee In also. A homemade
flreless cooker Is easily made Get
thick wooden box without any holes or
cracks and pack tightly the bottom, sides
and top with layers Of newspapers to the
depth OF about four inches. A layer of
asbestos paper all round would help
greatly to keep it alright Pack 1t well
on top and weight 1t down with some
thing rather heavy. When using home
made fireless cooker your food will have
to be boiled for five or ten minutes be-
fore placing in the cooker.
Your picnic will be an enjoyable affair
If you follow this plan, as q hot meal
spread out on a snowy white tableclCth
on the green grass and eaten under the
shade of tree will taste twice as good
as a cold lunch under the same condi-
tons.
To further beautify your summer re-
sort have at least one hanging basket
on your porch. Line 1t with moss and
very rich, light soil. A snowy basket Is
one made wholly Of red geraniums, dou-
BILE petunias and myrtle. English or
ground ivy myrtle endures almost any
temperature and will often survive a
drought. A pretty plant for your kitchen
window could be started from a carrot
root placed in deep crock with plenty
of rich soil, and placed in q sunny VIM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
Alike Fatal.

THOMAS MORAN. the veteran land
1 scape painter, has devoted his life
to the delineation of the Rockies and
Sierras.
Mr.. Moran, on his return on the Mime
tonka from Switzerland, said to re-
porter:
1.-The Alps are nothing compared to the
Rockies. He who, after seeing the Rock
les, should go to the Alps. would suffer
the bitter disappointment Of the sanitary
engineer in Venice.
See Naples remarked the engineer,
and die. Smell Venice-same result
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

dow and kept well watered. 1t will grow
and almost fill window with foliage
and white flowers.
Build mound around your tree by
plllng rich garden soil one foot high
against the trunk and grading it to the
ground In this bed plant several varie-
ties Of pansies and a border Of dwarf
alyssum at the extreme edge. These
flowers bloom until frost nips them and
they need very little attention and are
beautiful. Cut the white alyssum blooms
once every two weeks and pick blooms
be beautiful banked up in the same way.
Eyes brighten at the sight Of fresh flow
ers, and a pansy or nasturtium bed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

way the accounts Of the patent Office and
the Treasury became much mixed. and it
was not until after the death of DR..
Thornton and the appointment of his
successor, that a new system was intro
duced."
The patent board of 1870 was COM
posed of Thomas Jefferson, then Secre-
tary of State. chairman; Henry Knox,
dolph. Attorney General. Each patent
granted at that time was required to be
signed by these three men. Thomas
Jefferson, being chairman of the board.
was really the first commissioner of
patents in this country
In 1893 Congress required the Attorney
General to make an examination of each
patent and certify his findings to the
Secretary of State, who affixed the seal
of the department to the grant. The
actual preparation Of patents for issue
was done by one clerk in the Depart
ment Of State, who was designated f6r
that duty from 1893 until 1903.
The patent Office as 1t stands today was
created by act of Congress of July 4,
1885, and the first commissioner was
Henry l.. Ellsworth Of Connecticut
From that time until the present the
patent laws provided for search system
that is, provided that a search be made
to see if any patent of a like nature
had been issued. SO as to prevent dupli-
cation. But before that time there was
little If any searching done, because
there was no provision made and prac-
tically no force to make a search
The present series of patents began in
1886, and since that time patents have
been numbered consecutively Prior to
July 4, 1895. there had been issued $500
patents The first patent Of the present
series was granted to John Ruggles, July
IL, 1886. for a locomotive engine, and is
patent No. /. This number was not given
the patent at the time Of issue. but at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

and during this time she attended the
Mary Institute in st. Louis She attended
the Columbia University. New York, and
also studied for time at Radcliffe. She
is devoting more time than usual to
Japan. principally because Of the recur-
ring war scare between that country and
this.
rather the lack of morality, Of the east
en nations, and I am frequently asked
my opinion on this subject l reply that
the standard of morality which at pres
nese is precisely that of the Old Tesla
ment. OF the days of Abraham and the
long line Of kings of Israel until the s!rth
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
fIRST SUPERINTENDENT
Or PATENTS, DR. WILLIAM THORNTON

Great Britain with 415,OoO: Germany. 49,
600; Belgium. 22S,OOO: Canada, 10000:
Italy and Sardinia, "a, OO0 and Austria
Hungary with $4,000. These seven ma
tons rank next the United States in the
order given.
It has often been said that no other
people on earth has ever shown the in
ventive genius seen in the United States
The steamboat, the telegraph. the tele-
phone, the aeroplane. and other wonder
full inventions. all products of the Amer
lean brain. are all we'll known. Thou
sands of labor-saving devices. such as
the showing machine. cotton gin. mower
and reaper-all the result of American In
ventive genius-have done more to allevi-
ate the condition Of mankind than any
other factor outside of the abolition of
slavery.
Looking back over the wonderful prog
ress in the mechanical and fine arts, it
will be noticed the inventive faculty OF
the American people has kept pace with
the wonderful growth of the nation.
While America was originally made up of
agree they have become amalgamated by
the talents and ability Of the leaders
in politics and the mechanical arts. Mil
lions Of people from foreign shores have
form of government and because Of the
equal opportunities offered. But every
step forward in this country has been
either directly due to or is closely allied
Will tndt WONDERFUL idCuity LOT OelVlnS
into untried fields peculiar to Americans.
with resultant good to everybody.
II
X
When Samuel Hopkins. July 81, 1880,
obtained his patent for a device for max
ing pot and pearl ashes the President
and cabinet members congratulated both
the inventor and the officials at the pat
ent office. Today patents are ISSUED by
the hundreds without the fact of the
class, character OR value being known,
except to the few persons directly inter-
ested in their issuance
The granting Of patent in the old days
when the nation was young was a mat
ter Of great Importance, whether it was
en- nutmegs. IL those silent testimonials
to Yankee smartness had ever been CIV
en- the grace of a government grant.
Samuel Hopkins patent created great
stir because 1t was the first. The pot
and pearl ashes he made were not much
q great many other persons made. Pot
and pearl ashes Is well known to be
the matter remaining after evaporation
when vegetable matter is refined in
crucible or furnace, the extractive sub
stance being burned off and diss1pated.
just as the I've is the liquid. remaining.
But. at any rate, Samuel Hopkins and
the patentees who came after him were
made much Of by everybody. Presidents
and their cabinets used to have the in
ventors and patentees sought out and
passed, and the patenteeS were told they
were helping the country along.
At that time-179O--the President and
his cabinet scruunized all the applications
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

ent Office will have issued exactly one
million patents, more than double the
number granted by any other nation in
the world.
The genius of the Yankee, famed the
world over for his ingenuity, inventive
talent and resourcefulness, will have a
full demonstration when patent No.
100000 is issued. Who will get this
magic number will not be known until
the patent itself passes under the num-
bering machine in the regular order Of
business. 1t may be given an invention
Of comparatively little Importance. or It
may go to a really great discovery. All
depends on the patent which happens to
he on top of the Pile when the numbering
machine reaches S99,999 and the psyche
logical moment when the clerk reaches
over FOR the next one.
One million patents in less than a cen
fury is a record not even approached by
any other nation. France comes nearest
the United States in the inventive genius
OF her people. with something like 426 OOO
less than half the number of patents
granted in America. Following France is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

of the Messiah. Under this dispensation
every woman holds an honorable posi-
ton in her community, and no child is an
outcast. Viewed in the light of the Sc
verify with which the western civ,liza-
ton deals with erring women and with
innocent children born with the bar sin
lister, it seems humane and Just. But
even the most conservative fastener
rabidly clinging to the ways of his ia
theirs realizes that this old patriarchal
system is worn out and discarded, and
that 1t has been replaced with a moral
ity higher certainly in theory and ideal
ism if not in actual practice. The strides
forward which both Japan and China are
taking are amazing and utterly without
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

TN Little More Than a Cen
! fury Is the Record of
the American People-More
Than Double That of Any
Other Nation in the World
will Mark an Epoch in
the History of America
Wonderful Progress in the
Mechanical and Fine Arts
Review of the Work of the
Patent Office First Three
Patents Issued and Signed
by George Washington-First
Superintendent of Patents
Present Commissioner of
Patents-How the Work Is
Done.
COPYRIGHT 1911. BY William l., Altdorfer }
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

know the good qualities of people we
begin to like them, and the logic is that
we cannot like what We do not know or
what we know enormously. When
begin to like people the first step toward
universal peace is recorded. 1 think 1t an
excellent motive in travel or study to
look into the ages to come and see the
chariot Of Bellona drawn by the white
doves Of peace, as a fowery Frenchman
says it. and not by the foanling, blood
covered steeds over the bodies of dead
women and children
Born In Virginia, Mrs. Day has claim to
be true cosmopolite She spent much of
her girlhood near Fulton, Mo, where her
parents had inherited some farm land,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

counterpart in the history of the world.
Mrs. Day possesses an attractive per-
sonality, and she is youthful despite the
years devoted to nerVe-racking studies
and exhausting labors. She Is fun OF en-
thusiasm about her work past and flu
ture, and she is planning many crusades
for the future. She has a wide acquaint-
ance with the literati and the teaching
world OF Europe and the east and her
home is always filed with interesting
people from every part of the globe. Dur
ing the winter Col. and Mrs. Day enter
tain army friends. the bookish people or
the capital and those who are Interested
in the intellectual crusade for the univer-
sal peace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
DEAqN USED .TopAY. On LETTERS -RXreNr

ventive genius of America, in which the
whole civilized world is concerned.
Would you destroy it? If so. fire away
body" The officer bowed his head in
shame and ordered the soldiers away.
DR.. Thornton continued to issue patents
for twenty-four years. and, it is said,
took upon himself the title of supern-
tendent. AS showing how seriously he
looked upon the issuing Of patents, anoth-
er good story Is told Of his manner of
keeping the accounts of the patent Office.
1t seems that during the many years
OF his superintendency he conceived him
self to be invested with much discre-
tionary power In the issuing Of patents.
for he held it as a maxim that the law
was made solely for the encouragement
of authors and inventors" and not to
mistake or omission took place in issuing
patents he would order a new one to be
issued without the payment Of any addi-
tional fee.
In the early part Of 1880 his successor
was called upon by the Secretary of
State for an explanation Of discrepancy
OF several thousand dollars. az shown by
the number Of patents issued and the
amount of money paid into the Treasury
William Elliott, his successor in reply
ing to the letter said:
Because Of the discretionary power
vested in the superintendent DR.. Thorn
ton reported only as many patents as
there were Treasury receipts. Frequent
ly to aid the ingenious but poor man in
obtaining a perfect patent, especially In
the cases where the papers had become
lost, he would issue a new patent with
out further expense than the original
patent fee In this way the number Of
entries Of patents issued would be great
er than the number Of Treasury receipts.
Then again patents were issued by mis-
take without any fee whatever. In this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

would give tenfold OF pleasure in return
for the little work. If you have a fence
that You would like to hide, plant morn
strings up and down the fence for them
to cling TO-
Long wire nails driven into the fence
Will support Irvine or cord. Plant wild
sage and saliva in front of the morning
glories in two hedge rows. Saliva grows
low, branches and seldom sheds it's
leaves. Both plants are scarlet though
of different shade. The sage is green
during the summer, turns a pale cerise
and finally a most beautiful red. This
combination makes a very handsome
fence covering.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
; ALLEN DAY. HOME

and the floor deserves special attention,
for II is bed, dining table, the place to
sew or read or paint. 1t is made of a
padded cushion on boards, and the outer
covering Is a soft straw weave as fine
and dainty as we use In this country for
hats. Naturally. chairs could not be
placed on such delicate surface, neither
could the inmates wear shoes. Try walk
ing across soft padded surface in your
bare feet and the reason Of the Japanese
motion is soon apparent"
Col and Mrs. Day show their appre-
citation OF Japanese art treasures IN their
home, for from the entrance hall it is a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
A Loss.

IOHN W. GATES, discussing in New
J York the governmental control OF
trusts, shook his head and said:
Governmental control, judiciously exer-
cised. will be fine thing, but If II be
exercised tyrannically. then many thou
sands Of our thrifty small investors will
whimper with the old grandmother:
"'Oh, dear, What has become Of my
SnecSo'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

earned after the strenuous labore Of the
past twenty years.
There is no study as fascinating
as that of men and women, no mat
ter what their race or color, their
religion or their ideals of govern
ment.'' said Mrs. Day. recently
We Americans have a brave reputa-
ton for penetrating into foreign
lands and getting over an incredible
amount of ground. But how few
really take the trouble to understand
even the surface signs Of alien civil
cation. After living in Japan for
several years I began to realize that
I was just beginning to comprehend
the motives, to sympathize with the
obstacles and to appreciate the really
fine points of the Yankees OF the
east Col. Day and l lived In
various parts. In the large cities. In
the rural districts. and we studied
and took counsel with the leaders of
thought. But to go through coun-
try hurriedly. live at hotel. inspect
perhaps the palaces, the temples and
the public buildings and look down
patronizingly at the street scenes is
not the way to gain any useful know1
edge. though it is, Of course. IA pleas
ant and divert.ng manner In which
to take an outing.
Il was impressed with the lack of
knowledge which our usually intelligent
and artistic theater managers show OF
eastern conditions. Not long after my
return from Japan l attended q play
which presumably gave an intimate pic
ture OF home life near Toxic. Everybody
who attends the theater will recall how
the pretty little Japanese maidens are
made to walk on an American stage. 1t
IS waddling. jumpy performance. a
caricature of the actual way in which
these women walk and one which rightly
fills them with Indignation. Now II one
VIII pause to consider, the Japanese gar
rnents for the feminine Sex are fastened
neither by button and buttonhole, by
hooks and eyes. nor yet by pins, or
binary or Of the safety variety. They
are Tapped over each other and the
outer robe is held in place by a wide
encircling band which we would call a
sash.
Now, in walking the Japanese girl
turns her toes in to enfold her garments,
and every movement is to keep the folds
in place instead OF spreading them apart.
Hence comes that swaying, undulating
motion which, if properly initiated is
perfectly fascinating. Then the home
scheme OF the Japanese is not compre-
rcrded or the reason Of the motion
.yn1if y. ritGrCr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

NE MILLION pat
ents in little more
than a century IS
the rec ord of
Y a n k ee genius.
Next Tuesday, July
%, 1911. is the day
expected to mark
an epoch in the
h 1 s tory OF the
American nation,
for on that day the
United States pat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

subtle suggestion of the f1owery king
dom. There are fine Japanese mattings
and cushions and specimens of the superb
in portieres and screens. But
the pride of the house is the dining room,
and this is as much like Japanese In
terror as modern building conditions on
this side of the world will permit The
walls are covered with genuine japanese
paper, of that indefinable greenish
brown. like the shade of the deep woods
In midsummer. and about the dado of
carved scented wood from the orient is
the handsomest and most complete COL
lection Of ancient lacquer to be found in
this country. No piece is less than 400
years old and n1any are four times that
venerable age.
There are quaint. IA little bowls
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23
By Margaret B. Downing.

HEN the first con-
gress of mothers
was held In Wash
ington almost four
teen years ago one
OF the lecturers
who attracted i'm
mediate attention,
and whose utter
ances commanded
the respect accord
ed the expert. was
Helen VI. Gardener.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

THE change to different scenes and a
rest from the constant response bill
ties of the household is an excellent thing
for woman who can afford a summer
vacation, but there are thousands of
mothers who cannot take a summer trip,
SO that each year the number Of women
who take vacations at home is growing
greater.
In order to make your vacation at home
a real pleasure the first thing to do is
to tighten your work. Free the house
Of unnecessary articles to sweep, wash,
dust, iron or move. Put the bric-a-brac
where 1t will not have to be busted; do
not iron any article in the wash which
can be left unironed, such as sheets, Pill
low cases. towels. stockings. gauze vests,
etc. Clear everything out of the house
except the useful and the beautiful There
are many persons who even take down
their curtains during the summer, but
that is OVERRIDING the matter, as 1. leaves
a plain-looking house woefully unat-
tractiYe.
Simplify your meals: either buy or make
freless cooker You can cook every
thing you need in it with much less fuel
and labor. 1t will also save YOU from
standing over hot stove on a hot day.
Live out of doors all you can If you
have a porch leading from the kitchen.
do all the work you can out there, or
if there is a big tree at the back door
go out there when you are Smelling
peas. stringing beans, pairing apples
sewing or working at any task which
may be done under a tree or on a porch.
Eat your meals on the porch if you are
sheltered by a vine. You will have a
better appetite. When your work 10
finished, sit anywhere but indoors. BY
and by the cold will come and you will
have to house yourself UP. so take ad-
vantage now of every Bit of the sIori-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-07-23

patents cONSeCuIlVeIN was
recognized.
In 1885 and for a number Of years
afterward there were only a few patents
issued each year, but today United
States patents are issued at the rate Of
more than 10000 a year, with applica-
lions being filed at the rate of about So
900 a year.
To show the working Of the patent Of
flee today and the vast field to be cover
ed before a patent may be issued, it is
necessary to mention only a few Of the
duties of the examining force. 1t is
well known that anything to be patentable
must not have been known or used by
others In this country before application
is made for patent, nor patented or de-
scribed in any printed publication in this
or any other country for more than two
years prior to the application.
The vast mass OF patents and technical
publications Of all countries in the world
constitutes the field which must be search
ed today to determine the novelty of an
invention. This field OF search in 1885
comprised 22o0O United States and
foreign patents and the technical litera-
ture of the day. In January. 1903. 1t
comprised more than $4,000 United
States patents and between two and
three million foreign patents. including
all the available technical books and
periodicals.
To make possible an investigation into
the novelty Of any invention, all patents,
both foreign and domestic. must be
searched. and if nothing is found to con-
flict with the idea of which patent is re-
quested, the grant is made. For all this
work Uncle Sam charges the modest fee
of s35-$i5 upon filing the application,
and the other $50 when notice is received
that patent will be granted.
The origin Of the United States pat
ent system is Of interest. The idea
for invention had their origin in Eng
land. and they have since been adopted
and copied by every civilized power.
Singular as it may appear, the idea,
if not the practice itself, had it's foun-
dalton in the practice OF granting
monopohes by the crown. The prerog-
alive to make these grants was vested
in the sovereign as the sole deposit
tary of the supreme executive power
Of the state. to be exercised in the be-
half and for the benefit of the public.
therein were allowed the sole buying.
making and selling OF certain things
In common use, and the public re-
strained of this freedom and hindered
in their lawful trade. 1t is hard to
say just when such grants were en-
larged to include the sole use of in
ventions. 1t is. however, quite clear
that the prerogative of the crown to
make such grants is not a statutory
one, but was derived from the custom
OF granting monopolies. and was ac-
knowledged at common law.
The object aimed at in the granting
of patents was to secure a reward to
the inventor, and at the same time to
obtain the invention for the free use
OF the public after the patent had ex-
PRED. To carry out the latter part
Of this design. the early patents con-
tanned clause requiring the inventor
Ito take apprentices and teach them
the knowledge and mystery Of the
said new invention" a practice which