The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-09-16

IN LA DE FONTENOY.
r MPEROR NICHOLAS Is inaugural
Ing a reform of far-reaching i'm
- p%ortunce, and which deserves to
be received with attention, since It
virtually wipes out OF existence an
institution which has always been re-
gardco abroad as one OF the most
dreaded instruments of Muscovite ty-
ranny. The department which the EN-
peror Is aoolishing, is nothing more
nor less than the so-called Okhrnna,
or third section of the Imperial Chan
celleric. which would have been done
ava with years ago when Lor!s Me-
likon was Chancellor of the empire and
virtual dictator. He had obtained tho
consent thereto OF Alexander Ia
consent which was withdrawn by Alex
ander III. after his fathers murder
by the Nihilists.
The name Okhrana comes from
'okhraniat.'' ito protect and the
original object OF the department was
to enable the Emperor to protect and
70 relieve more directly than through
the government, the oppressed. to re-
dress wrongs and TO defend the widow
and the orphan. For the purpose of
investigating the cases thus brought
TO the Emperor's attention. trusted
agents were required. These gradual
ly Increased in number, and during
the rcign OF Nicholas /. they became
4 sort of confidential police. no longer
used for investigating cases OF oppres-
sion and restitution, but for keeping
n careful watch on the suspicious poll
teal activities of mobiles and dignitaries
of State.
1t was on the reports OF these agents.
whose activities weSe by no means
confined to Russia itself, but extended
all over Europe. that sc!ons OF historic
families, officials OF high rank in the
government and at court, sometimes
generals and adm.rals, or else women
occupying some of the most conspicu-
Gus positions In ST. Petersburg society.
we're suddenly seized at night. ane dis
patched without any form Of trial into
Siberian exile. absolutely dead from
thenceforth to their relatives and
friends, who did not even venture 10
inquire what had become of them.
In fact. the very name of the third
section OF the Emperor's Chancelleric
has been enough. for the past seventy
years. TO send a shudder down the spine
of every Muscovite, and several genera
tions OF Russians nave been brought
UP to dread IL above everything else
in the world.
Emperor Nicholas now abolishes II.
and all the police forces of the en-
pire are TO be united under one com
mon designation OF public safety. 10
be controlled by the Minister of the
Interior. their functions being to main
tain order in the realm. and to as
sure the safety of the public, and OF
individuals. The palace police. a spe-
cial organization, which has never had
any connection with the third section
of the Emperor's Chancellerie, is un-
der the orders of the military COM
mandant of the palace, and takes full
and entire control of any place where
the sovereign happens to be.
That any Ill feeling which may AZ
any time have existed between the
present Duke of D~evonshire and his
aunt, Louise. Duchess Of D~evonshIre.
widow Of the eighth duke, was entirely
obliterated before her death. is shown
by the fact that she has bequeathed
the superb diamond tiara. the equal
~ magnificent diamond necklace. ayd
the nve-row necklace OF large pearls
presented to her by tho late duke, ar
ter their marriage, and representing a
large monetary value. not to her only
surviving son. Lord Charles Montagu,
nor yet to any of her three daughters.
but to the present duke. and to his wife.
Internationally.
The remainder of her jewelry, laces.
pearls and personal effects, she has
left In equal shares to her three
daughters: Mary, Duchess of Hamilton.
the Countess of Gosford and the Count
ess of Derby. All the remainder of her
property, including money at the bank.
securities. arrears of jointure and
furniture. are inherited by Lord
Charles Montagu. who, like his three
sisters lust mentioned, was the Off
spring of her first marriage, with the
seventh Duke of Manchester.
Lord Charles inherited little or MOTH
ing from his father, the Duk of Man
chester, but received a very handsome
legacy from his stepfather. the late
Duke Of Devonsh!re. under the terms
of the ~latter's will. In fact, the Duke
of DeVonshire is very fond of Lord
Charles. and particularly grateful to
him for the touching care and devo-
ton which he had always manifested
for his mother. Few sons can be said
to have given themselves up more en-
tireiy to caring for their mother, than
Lord Charles, who vas one of the most
intimate friends and ~cronies of King
Georges elder brother, the late Duke
of Clarence, and as such has always
been persona grata with Queen Alex
T; andra. Lord Charles Montagu. al=
though he had every in~ducement TO
lead a life of leisure, has long been
established in business as a stock
| broker. in London, and Is at the head