New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-09
GLACIAL MAN RESTORED
Hiqh Racial Development Was
Reached in a Remote Age.
.EXHUMING ANCIENT BONES
Race Closely Resembling Modern
Man May Have Flourished
100000 Years Ago.

| 'In recent wears our knowledge OF the
human inhabitant OF Europe during the
Glacial period has increased rapidly" says
| DIR. A. Keith. in THE illustrated London
! News eft is over fifty years since the
| first trace OF him was found 81 Neander-
thai. i'm South Germany; before that, al
| though It is only recently we have got TO
know the fact. he had been found in Glib
raltar: the skull then found. on the whois
the most perfect yet discovered is IN the
| Museum of the Royal College o, Surgeons
/ of England. In recent years three won.
derfully instructive skeletons nave been
found in the southwest OF France, in tina
/ Valley Of the Dordogne. and have at
/ tracted much attention. Remains Of the
! Neanderthal man have also been found IN
! Belgium-the famous skulls OF Spy-and in
the southeast OF Europe, at hraplna. IN
! Croatia. And now thanks TO the researches
OF the Societe Jersisise. remains OF this
race have been found in Jersey. In cave
in the cliffs Of ST. Brelade's Bay on the
| south coast OF the island his hesrths, his
| characteristic flint implements and his an
mistakable teeth have been discovered.
! "A recently rich man must find occasion
| ally. when proper Investigations are made
that his remote ancestors are Infinitely
older and more res pectable than he had
! formerly rea son to believe. II Is becoming
more and more apparent that this is the
case as regards modern man. The dis
/ covery at Galley Hill showed that our
modern type was in existence in England
/ soon after the Glacial period had vanished
a neriod Of several hundred thousand OF
f= tIrh In
lower law, with complete set OF teeth,
was found four years ago near Heidelberg
in stratum which lay eighty-seyen fee
from the surface, and was mixed WIN re-
mains of extinct animals
The age OF the Heidelberg individual
has heen ASHAMED 10 one OF the first tenn
perate interludes which broke the pro-
lonsed period OF intense cold in Europe. Al
so early period-one which makes the age
OF the Galley Hill man comparatively e.
cent ore-we expected, on the DarWinlih
theory, 10 find man In transition Stage
a man-ape or ape-man--a pithecahthropHa
That conception has dominated the artlst
when he has sought 10 reproduce me FORM
81 the Glacial European-or. 10 use more
stric, geological term. Pleistocene man
little over TWO years ago, a graphic recon-
str,lction OF the man just then discoVere1
Al La Chapelle- aux Saints appeared IN these
pases. The anthropoogist and artist have
pictured his mouth. his teeth his nose--ln'
decd, the whole Of the lower part OF ms
face as very similar 10 tho same parlsln
the gorilla. In representing his attitude %"
posture. his feet. legs, arms and skim tnsy
have drawn largely on the same animal
When. however. n careful study has oeeh
made of his skull. his teeth and the bones
If his body II becomes very ellden' mat
there vas very little more OF the ape N
tho Neanderthal type Of man than III hH
modern representative. He had cerlahlt'
as MAJ no soon from the drawing by NJ
Fores,ier very striking pecular,ues. JUS
face was long. wide and heavv, with rsthsr
massive laws. but his teeth, as regaIns
their crowns. were no bigger or different IN
shane and size than Nc sec now I'm many
primitive native races THO eye sockei'
were loose. and the eyes seemed deeply se'
owing 20 the great oyerharEns. oeethng
forehead. and the nose was vide. prorN'
mont large. qulte unlike the same organ IN
nesroid races His brain was nor sn'p'
IN most cases IL appears TO have been ABOVE
the average of modern Europeans. Some ~
hi. worked nints show great deNierity. us
arms and hands were muscular, roughly
moulded and strong bur used. II one may
Judge from their shape. much ih me sai''
way as We use ours He stood q little Over
five feet in height, There are no features
IN the bones of the lower limbs 20 suggest
2 posture Cr a manner ~ waking md'1'
rally different from those OF modern man
Ills mouth and tongue were larger than
ours. and the impressions on the lower u"
for the muscles concerned in speech diner
so markedly from those seen on the man
dibles of modern man that We must con-
Guide that, II speech were present. then II
uust have been Of a primitive nature and
different from the vocal articulation OF
modern man
Most Of the remains OF the Neanderthal
man. like those recently found in Jersey
have beer unearthed from the floors oil
caves SO that we have no means OF Judging
what period of time may have elapsed since
the remains were deposited there. In the
case Of the Heidelberg man. however, We
have some grounds and from the depth
and nature there of the strata some csti-
nate cor he formed Of the extreme an
ticuitv Of tho Ncanderthal race. Layer on
LAYER has been laid down by the action Of
running fresh water. until the deposit IN
" Mich the Heidelberg man was embedded
Law e,shty-seven feet below the surface.
The rate Of deposit we have as yet no accu-
rate means OF estimating. but few geoo-
Sists would assign period OF less than
500. 600 years and most would give larger
figure.
1T is becoming thus apparent that NOT
only is modern man of great antiquity, but
the earlier stages in the evolution Of man
nave been passed through AT a much earlier
ueriod OF the earths history than we had
formerly any conception OF. II must be re
membered, too. that the Glacial period ex-
tended through hundreds Of thousands OF
years: 10 far as we know. the Neanderthal
type persisted throughout the whole OF that
time in Europe. We must expect, however
TO ind much individual variation in so vast
a period of time race must have succceded
race. as has ever been the case among liv-
ing things. Presently We shall be able 10
recognize the older and more primitive from
tire later and more evolved races OF NsAA'
derthal man"
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The importance of Hawaii as n revenue