The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-05-26
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK
A Region of Remarkable Natural Features Mapped by United States
 Geological Survey.

Many thousands of years ago among | the majestic volcanoes of the Cascade l Range lowered one, perhaps the loft. jest of them all, which has now disap- peared. After the cataclysm which swallowed this huge mountain there l remained, however an enormous era. 1 ter, caldera, which more than com pensates in interest for the loss of the mountain. There are thousands o1 craters in the United States, but there is only one great caldera, and that | contains Crater Lake. truly one of the wonders of America. If Crater Lake were situated in the bosom of the Alp
 palachians' thotsands of people would visit it annually; if it were an All pine crater many Americans would
 rave over it as the choicest gem o1
 European scenery. AS it is1 although the Crater Lake region has been na- tiona1 park since 1902, the people who have visit it number only a few thou sand. But an awakening is at hand the railroad is building line close to the park, the Government is plan-
 ming roads and trails, and within a short time it will be the fault only ot the people themselves if they fail to visit this wonderful region and receive impressions never to be effaced from memory.
 MAPPING OF THE PARK BY
 THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
 AS a pioneer in the field, the United States Geological Survey has made a careful topographic survey of the Cra- Chapman, Government topographer spent two field seasons in the park and surveyed every peak, slope, and valley, and the resulting map, with 50- foot contour lines, is being engraved and will be issued by the Survey about June 1.
 From this topographic map one gets an idea of the remarkable tragedy which must have occurred in the dim past. when a mountain probably ri valing Mount Shasta fin height disap- peared into the bowels of the earth. The surface of Crater Bake is 6,177 feet above the sea level; the lake is nearly miles in diameter and is sur rounded by a rim of ragged rock ris- ing from 1000 to 1000 feet above it.. The lake is in many places nearly D. OOO feet deep and it's surface. is broken only by Wizard Island, the result of the final gasp of the dying volcanic forces.
 Wizard Island, a cinder cone which is itself young and perfect volcano, having a little crater of it's own. Sev- eraI other smaller cones were pushed upward, but none appear above the waters surface.
 At one time it was a question wheth- CT this ancient mountain, which has been restored in fancy and named Mount Mazama, did not explode and blow away in ashes and scoria like Krakatoa or Pelee, but this theory has been overturned by geologists, who find unmistakable evidence that the mountain sank back into the earth. The surrounding country, according to J. s. Diller, a geologist of the United states Geological Survey indicates un- ouestionably that at some time during inc Tertiary period. when many of the high peaks of the Cascade Range were flaming beacons, great streams of molten rock issued from Mount Ma zama. accompanied by thunderous ex- nIosions and elections of pumice which to-day covers she lands surface for miles.
 WAR OF VOLCANO AND GLACIERS
 The later of these eruptions occur red. it is believed. during the glacial period, the great streams of ice and dous conflicts between the two ele- ments, filling the air with steam clouds and flooding the lower plains. Later came the final convulsion which demolished the upper mile of Mount MaZama.
 When Crater Lake really comes in- to it's own. people will row across it's beautiful blue, bronze. and purple wa ters, glance up at the towering cliffs. and realize that they are in the very interior of one of the greatest extinct volcanoes in the world. The collapse of Mount Mazama is stated by MT. Dill Ter to have been the croWning event in the history of the Cascade region.
 Situated in the midst of an other