The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1911-01-16
LEADING CITIZENS OFFER SIN
REASONS AGAINST FoRTtFY.
ING WATERWAY.
|SUEz CANAL IS NEUTRAL
AS Are Other Oceanic Watts rWays--
Original Intention Was to Pro-
N hibit Fortficatioh--U. S.
-
Never Attacked.

Boston, Jan, IA statement emil
bodying six reasons why the Panama
| Canal should be neutralized, bearin3I
| the signatures of men and womea.l
prominent in the United States and
abroad, was made public today, Rlch.l
ard Olney, former secretary or state
David Starr Jordan. president al Lee
land Stanford Jr, University; Willlaml
Dean oHwells, author. Charles p. Ar
| derson, Protestant Episcopal bishop
| of Chicago; William H. r. Faurce,
| president Of Brown University, Jarai
| >Addams, of Hull House, Chicago
George b. Helt, justice OF the lIniea
States district court, and George Eos.
ter Peabody. the New York banker,
are among the sponsors OF the doca.
ment. The statement follows:
why the Panama Canal should be
neutralized, not fortified.
| "l-- Because the canal would pc
safer in war time without fortiiicatian
| According to the agreement signed by
the Hague Conference in 1907. unfor
titled coast places can not be hom
harded
= Because the original intention
of our government, as distinctly eX-
pressed in 1890, and prviously, was 70
prohibit Notifications on the CANA
I Though this prohibition was omitted
| In M 1pt
treaty, signed in 1902, this in no wise
implies that we ought to fortify 1t nor
was its construction proposed as pri-
marily military undertaking.
''3~-Because, though the Sut7
canal was built with English money.
England agreed to its naturalization
!. The Straits Of Magellan are also nen-
tralized ana the In;erpariamentary
1 Union. In 1910, declared in favor Of
{ the naturalization Of ali inter-cccanic
t waterways.
? Because the United States IN
all its history has never been at
4 tackled aud began every foreign war II
{ eyer had and II is too important a
y customer for any great nation at this
late day TO wantonly attack Thouef
IN enemy might in street OF war be
tempted to break its p,e;gc TO us, no
nation would dare break its neu'rall
zation pledge with the combined pow
ers, az the penalty Of non-interaorase
. hich could be included ia the genera
! l1reaty would involve commercial ruin
IS Because, with the experience 0
= nearly eentury's peace with England
insured by undefended Canadian boz
der line, until we have asked fo
complete arbitration treaties with a.
n possible future enomies and hay
L been refused, we should be insincer
in increasing our war measures. Tim
is especially true in view of the fact
/. that since 1902, the nations hav
!. singned one hundred arbitrator
q treaties and President Taft has mad
z. the impressive declaration that h
n sees nc reason why any questio'
r whatever should not be arbitratei
that the second Hague conference il
"A various avs diminished the likelihoc,
Is of ar; that not only the prize coar
Ic but the court Of arbitral justic Is prac
d tically assured; and that in the sun
y" mer of 1910, congress unanimousl
p passed resolution asking tho presi
u dent to appoint commission of fiy'
- to consider the utilization of existin
, agencies to limit the ornaments Q
" the world by mutual agreement of tn
7 nations and to constitute the WORE
" navies an International force for IN
preservation of universal peace an
TO consider other means to diminis
!. expenditures fer military purposes.
~ "6--Because, in the words of lioi
10 David T. Foster, chairman OF the con
Il lmittee Of foreign affairs n the nous
az representatives: The initial e
90 perlse of the necessary forth Ha'ioH
N would not be less than $25@@9o0U
in all probability it would not be Yes
al than $4,000. 600. The annual eSpens
/ OF maintaining such Notifications
er 600 miles from home would prohabI
e. amount to $5,00o,100. With all y
las Notifications possible, 1t is still appa
lie ent that in order that the canal miei
be of military advantage to II
al United States in time OF war a guar
on of battleships at each Of It's e
FRANCES would be an absolute nece
sity. 1t Is equally apparent that wiz
such a guard the Notifications won
at be unnecessary, If not entirely "
cn less. We are bound by solemn treq
=, obligations to see TO 1t that the cars
q, shall be and remain forever open
N British ships In time OF war as we
Az as in time Of peace, and while u
hi probably true that no other matte
TX. could claim any advantage by yirtr
in Of this treaty, II Is also true that v
have thereby placed ourselves und'
moral obligation to maintain an ore
canal for the ships of all nations
:. all times. In war as well as In peace
IA Other signers of the statement a.
Or Henry Wade Rogers, dean OF the va
Law school; John Graham Brook