davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen., 1911-06-30

assigned LOO years as the period of race after
which it must be succeeded by another.
The various activities of man, according to
Professor Petrie related in the same order
in each successive period This can be best
traced In the medieval and classical periods
where the stages of sculpture painting, litera-
ture, music, mechanics, science and wealth
spread over some seven centuries. These stages
were nearer together in earlier ages, but the or
der was always the same so far as can be traced
The starting point of each civilization-as of
each generation-is mixture of blood. With
out fusion of race no fresh start can be made
About six or eight centuries are needed for the
rise to the sculpture stage. The growth of civil
lization largely consists in a lengthening out of
the subsequent stages of activity, and diminu
ton of the stagnant period before a new mix
ture is started. The period seems to belong to
the people and not to the country, and is kept
by the people when they go to land of diff.
ferent phase.
Though, no doubt, climatic periods have a
precpitating effect in throwing one people on to
another yet the general regularity of interval
Of the stages of growth of civilization point to
a racial determinant. This may be the time re-
quired to promote the maximum mixture of diff
ferent strains in two races which are In con.
tact-London Globe.
The citizen., 1911-06-30

partners are necessary to round out the full
ure OF the entertainment
very nearly old as the Fourth of July itself
III a holiday sense is the custom in the average
smaier city. town village of making the aft
einoon OF Independence Day the occasion of
race meet and athletic carnival. Perhaps this is
held on the main street of the town If there is
no traSk available, but If there is fair ground
OF regular race track in the vicinity that is the
mecca Tor the crowds Some years ago the prime
feature OF every such meet was found in the
racing hose-laying and ladder contests of the
various volunteer fire companies from all the
towns in the vicinity of the one where the
tournament was held Latterly as horse
drawn hre-hghting apparatus has come into more
general use and even the motor hose wagons
nave been purchased by many of the smaller
cieles, the number Of volunteer fre-fghting or
ganlzations have dwindled somewhat, but there
are sui number in existence and there is moth
The citizen., 1911-06-30
The FATE OF EMPIRES
LAIMED TO BE A "RECURRENT PHENOMENON"

The meaning of life has in all ages been the
goal OF human thought and the great extension
OF our knowledge of the past, by the researches
OF recent years, enables us now to view the
course of human changes with more complete
ness than has been the case before In place Of
looking on the fall of the Roman empire as a
mcnstrous and inexplicable fact, we now see that
civilization is not only intermittent but is reg
ularly recurrent phenomenon"
This was the theory propounded by Prof Film
ders Petrie in a lecture delivered at the Royal
institution "The Revolutions of Civilization"
In Egypt said the lecturer, we can trace eight
civilizations; the first prehistoric: the second
prehistoric, the early dynastc, the pyramid build.
ers. the middle kingdom (XIIth dynasty the EN-
pire (SVIlIth dynasty the Greek and the Arab.
The rwe and fall of art in each of these periods
be well illustrated Similar periods are
found in Europe, the early, middle and late Gre
tan the classical and the medieval These pc
riods are contemporary with those of Egypt, so
far as ascertain. Hence the Mediterra-
civilization seems a distinct unit rising
and falling together one body. The Mesopo-
tamian civilization is in different phase to that
of the Mediterranean. but its period is about the
same.
similar period of about 500 years has oc
Cured in India and Mexico The Etruscan sages
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Dainty Chicken Dish.

Cut up chicken hammer breast
bone fiat by placing on meat board
and striking once or twice; put in
saucepan with pint of cold water and
little salt; boil slowly 20 minutes
Take out chicken and place soup on
back of stove; fry chicken in hot ba-
con fat or butter; when well Drowned
place in deep DISH have a very small
onion chopped fine, fry 1t in the fat
left from chicken and be very careful
not to burn onion; shake about two
tablespoons of -four into fat and onion;
keep stirring; then stir in the soup
slowly; cook a few minutes and pour
over chicken. Serve with mashed po-
tatoes. If 1t is an old chicken boil
longer until tender before frying.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
SALADS FROM WAYSIDE
MANY WILD DELlcAclES WHICH
HOUSEWIVES CAN USE.
Dandenon Has First Place Among
Such Greens-SorreI Makes Deli
ciaus Soups and May Be
Served in Other Ways.

There Is a goodly supply of delica-
cies in the hedges, which the French
housewife in her wisdom uses for her
healths sake in salads. Foremost
among the wild greens is dandelion,
a valuable medicine for the liver.
Cooked alone it rs good but its bit
ter flavor may be m1tigated by min
Cling it with spinach.
Dandelion salad is extremely whole
some. Take the young and tender
green leaves of the plant and wash
them thoroughly with cold water, but
do not braise the leaves Lay them
in glass dish, and pour over two
tablespoonfuls of olive oil. one table
spoonful of lemon juice, pepper. salt,
and sugar to taste.
Little early shoots of corn. cooked.
or served as a salad. are another
much appreciated delicacy
Sorrel. too. Both the French and
Germans make delicious soups, sal
ads and other dishes of the vegetable,
the fresh acid of which is wholesome
on languid days Gather few hand
fuls and cook 1t as you would cook a
puree of spinach. and serve 1t as a
relish with roast beef instead Of
horseradish sauce. or with lamb in
stead of mint sauce
Sorrel makes a good addition to
spinach, If you use three-quarters
spinach and one-quarter sorrel
In cooking these acid herbs and
greenstuffs a porcelain vessel must
be used and not metal one.
Nettle tops may be treated with ad
vantage in Just the same way
A few leaves of sorrel added to any
salad improves it's favor, but when
ever you use sorrel in salad mix less
vinegar than usual with the dressing
as the acid in sorrel is well nigh suffi.
cient
For watercress salad the follow
ing is a food lillian receipt
Wash three or four punches of wa
tercress and drain them, slice four
or five cold boiled potatoes very thin.
and mix with the following sauce:
tOul ldp9c9pOOHlulS vi OlI, udll
tablespoonful of vinegar. salt and
black pepper to taste, one shallot
minced up fine, half a pinch of cay
enne and half tablespoonful of
sugar.
Sorrel may likewise be made into a
puree either with a meat stock or
maigre, and is delicious if stewed
Boil some cleaned sorrel until tender
and rub through a sieve into a stew
pan. Add tablespoonful of bechamel
sauce, little salt and vinegar, and
two ounces and half of fresh but
ter Stew a few minutes and serve
The bechamel sauce is made like
this: Mix three tablespoonfuls of but
ter and three of -four to smooth
paste, put half an onion and half
carrot sliced, little bit of mace. two
teacupfuls of white stock, pinch of
salt and grated nutmeg, and a bou-
quet in stewpan; simmer for half
an hour, stirring often; then add one
teacupful of cream, boil at once,
strain and serve.
The citizen., 1911-06-30

weeks singing into the phonograph
the songs of the Mojave dialects. The
Indian singer can sing songs in nine
different dialects and he knows over
three hundred different songs. Some
Of the songs are along historical re-
citals and it takes several days for a
single song. Many Of the songs have
been handed down from father to son
for generations, and it is hoped that
the early history of the Indian race in
the southwest may be amplified
through these songs After the songs
have been sung in the dialect into
the phonograph they will be translated
into English by Captain Jack Jones.
The university will then have not only
a complete historical record, but it
will also possess musical record
showing the cadences adopted by the
Indian singers and also the words they
use. This record may or may not be
Of tremendous value in establishing
the connection between the American
Indian and oriental people
The citizen., 1911-06-30
|2FgAllARouND
A2pstI0USE

To remove the smell of fresh paint
put pail of cold water in the room
and change 1t every two or three
hours.
II simple brown frame seems too
dark for photograph 1t may be great
ly lightened by introducing a tiny
molding of gold just outside the inner
edge of the frame
To remove grease from a kitchen
table scrub well with hot water. to
which half a teaspoonful of whiting
GAS been added; wipe and then dry
thoroughly with clean cloth. This
will make the table look equal to new.
Mutton dripping will not set hard
and suety, as 1t usually does, If direct
ly the fat is poured from the baking
lin the vessel containing it is put at
the back of the stove and allowed to
stay there until the stove itself cools.
A slice of lemon put into the copper
when boiling clothes will make them
beautifully white and will remove all
stains from handkerchiefs and chill.
dren's clothes. Cut the lemon with
the rind into slices and allow it to
remain in the boiler until the clothes
are ready to come out.
A heavy broom should be chosen for
thorough sweeping in preference to a
light one, for the weight adds to the
process. Test a new broom by press.
Ing the edge against the floor II the
straws bristle out and bend the broom
Is poor one and should be rejected; !;
they should remain in firm solid
mass.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
THE PRINCESS KAWANANAKOA
This Beautiful Hawaiian Is a Distant
Cousin of Young Jay Gould's
Bride.

Honolulu. H. Among all the rep
resentatives of royalty present at the
coronation of King George in London
was lady who, though of royal de-
scent, gladly bows to the Stars and
Stripes and readily recognizes the
authority of Uncle Sam She is the
Princess Kawananakoa of Hawaii, a
member of the family which ruled the
Sandwich Islands previous to the
more recent dynasty which stepped
down to make room for the Ameri-
can flag. She is a cousin of Queen
Liliuokalani, who still makes a claim
upon Uncle Sam for the loss of her
royal prerogatives: and she is also a
cousin of the Miss Anna Douglass
Graham who recently became the
bride of Jay Gould, the son of George
Gould. Mrs. Goulds mother is now
The citizen., 1911-06-30

tennis tournaments are held on huhureus Vi
courts all over the country on this midsummer
holiday and "sociabity runs" by automooiie
clubs have added yet another event to those Oh
the calendar for this pre-eminent holiday.
The very warmth of the weather encountered
by the greater part of the country on the average
Fourth of July has always rendered popular
aouatic festivals and carnivals Yachting con-
tests, rowing and power boat competitions. swim
ming and canoe races and other sports on the wa
ter have compensatons for the participants and
regale the spectators ranged in the shade along
shore. In this field there many mirth-provok
ing contests as productive of fun are the ones
above mentioned. Log rolling contests water polo.
water football, fitting contests in which the op-
ponents, armed with lances, stand up in canoes,
and walking the creased pole over the water. are
few of the tests of skill in which the price of
failure is ducking, to the delight of the spec
tators.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Americans Learning Spanish.

Boston, Mass.-Prpils desirous of
learning Spanish in the schools are
numerous. During the last term at
Columbia university, conferences were
held in that institution In the Ian
guage of Cervantes. The mayor of
Boston recently compelled all the
school masters in his Jurisdiction to
include Spanish In the school curricul-
um and 1t may safely be affirmed that
there is hardly mercantile firm of
any Importance in the United States
that does not possess an employe who
can both speak and write Spanish
fiuently
The reason Of all this is not far
to seek. The United States in it's
anxiety to find new markets for its
products has set its eyes on South
America and hopes to find a new field
there and also in Central America
among its many republics, AMI they
are satisfied that in the long run they
will have them all under their con-
.rol
The citizen., 1911-06-30
lentils With Rice.

Chop very fine or run through the
meat grinder three small onions and
two green peppers. Wash and pick
over carefully half pound of lentils
and put them in skillet, tossing them
them over the fire until brown, then
put them in a saucepan with the
chopped mixture, a teaspoonful OF
ground turmeric, half a spoonful OF
salt and cover with cold water. Boil
until tender. When the lentils are
done drain them from the liquor, add
two tablespoonfuls of butter and two
sliced onions which have been preyi-
ously fried to golden brown. Toss
all over the fire a few minutes and
turn out upon hot dish, on bed OF
boiled rice.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Rhubarb ErItters.

Beat together two eggs, add one
cupful of milk. Mix together three
cupfuls of flour, one tablespoonful of
sugar, ene-half teaspoonful of salt, and
two teaspoonfuls of baking powder.
Stir into this the egg mixture. one
pint of chopped rhdbarb, one table
spoonful of melted butter and more
milk, If necessary, to make a thick
drop batter. Fry in small thick cakes
in frying pan, turning when one side
is nicely Drowned. Serve with plenty
Of butter and grated maple sugar.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Hook Holds 1t In Place.

Is desired, either closed or elevated,
This is achieved by thrusting the free
end OF the hook into one of various
holes along the supports, and the iron
ing portion is thus maintained at diff
ferent levels. Without a device Of
this kind the laundress can only iron
sleeves out by going over them as
they lie stretched out on the board,
and this process often causes unsight,
ly creases Slipped over small board
the sleeves can be formed smooth in
every part.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Favorlte Mince Meat.

Three pounds beef off the round.
one and half pounds kidney suet,
two heaping milk pans chopped an
pies, three pounds raisins, two pounds
currants, one pound citron. one pound
lemon and orange peel mixed, the
juice and grated rind of six lemons.
one quart molasses, one quart boiled
cider, three cups brown sugar, four
tablespoons cinnamon, one tablespoon
cloves, one tablespoon mace, one ia.
biespoon allspice, one glass jelly. Mix
all together and cook until it boils,
then add one pint brandy. bottle and
SEAL
The citizen., 1911-06-30
PRESERVED BY PHONOGRAPH
Records of Old Moiave Indian Songs
to Be Kept by University
of California.

Berkeley, Cal-Achorn Hungara.
Mojave Indian from Needles. Cal will
enjoy the unique distinction of having
his voice preserved in Photographic
records for time immemorial. by the
anthropological department of the
University of California. The branch
of the anthropological department that
is preserving these records is especial
ly detailed to work up the historical
features. Achorn Hungara is unable
to speak English, but he has as his
companion and interpreter Captain
Jack Jones. who is also Mojave In
dian
Achorn Hungara will spend about
five hours a day for the next few
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Rlueberry Slump.

Take canned berries. more or less
as wanted, put in an iron saucepan
sweeten with sugar to taste, add same
quantity of water as berries and nut
meg to season; let come to boil;
have some dough ready as for dump
lings (no shortening), drop in the
mixture until done; don't crowo
them; take the slumps out when done
and keep the mixture hot; when
ready for the table pour the mixture
over the slumps and serve at once;
drop them with small spoon.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
IRONING BOARD FOR SLEEVES
Device of An Ohio Man That Will Be
Appreciated by the Wise
Housewife.

The average ironing board is much
too large to slip into the sleeve OF the
average woman's shirtwaist, so an
Ohio man has devised sleeve iron.
ing board This device is made of
two boards. one acting as base and
the other, shaped like a sleeve, hinged
upon it and collapsible so that the
two can be folded together when
necessary and form fiat object. TAX.
ing up little room. hook fastened
to the Dashboard holds the ironing
section rigid in whatever position it
The citizen., 1911-06-30
Homemade LInIment.

Dissolve ten cents worth of gum
camphor in one teacup of ammonia or
alcohol and shake we'll; then add half
pint OF pure olive oil and ten cents
worth of glycerin; shake we'll before
using. This liniment will cure sciatic
rheumatism by rubbing the parts in
pain from six to eight weeks, and will
not return. 1t will take the swelling
from sore throat.
The citizen., 1911-06-30

Mrs. Hubert Vos of New York, but
she was Princess Kaikilani before her
marriage.
The Princess Kawananakoa attend
ed the Gould wedding and her pres
ents to her cousin were unique and
beautiful. Within a few days after
the wedding she sailed for London to
attend the coronation. She carried
with her many beautiful gowns, but
the most gorgeous and valuable of her
sartorial possessions is cloak made
entirely of the brilliant plumage of
species of small bird which is now
nearly extinct.
The citizen., 1911-06-30

possible happenings in a space of a
few years time. Thus it may be seen
why a man often finds it hard to
smile.
But when a man has apparently
been through some one or more of
these things, as he must within some
years Of his life. and when he breaks
into a quick smile, even II he relapses
into his ordinary expression of gloom,
we must admire him. It shows that
there is courage behind him.
Such man is not the kind that
grins like chessy-cat at everything
The citizen., 1911-06-30

There may have been death in the
circle to which he belongs. There may
have been money strain. There may
have been personal illness or illness
Of some loved one.
He may have been beaten in law
suit in which he knows he was right,
and the injustice rankles. He may
have become disappointed in love. He
may have had his uninsured house de-
stroyed by fire. He may have been
victimized by friend on whose note
he had gone.
All these and many other things are
The citizen., 1911-06-30

that comes along. He is the sort OF
man who carries with him the sobriety
OF experience, but who nevertheless
manages to smile when smile is
wanted.
And people who meet such a man,
and look upon his smile, recognizing
1t for what 1t is, are cheered and
heartened thereby, and the owner OF
1t may know, if he don't, that his
smile, saved from the wreck of hopes
has done it's part to bring sunshine
into this dreary world of ours.-Gal
weston News.
The citizen., 1911-06-30
MAN MOST TO BE ADMIRED
He Is the Person Who Has Received
Many Jolt, but Smiles When
Ii Ia Needed

II we stop to figure it out. the man
most to be admired in this life is the
fellow who can smile and does smile.
After people get pretty well along
in years the power of smiling be-
comes weaker. You can't ever tell
how many jolts man will get in a
dozen years, so that he almost quits
amiling-maybe quits altogether
The citizen., 1911-06-30

Chop finely one pound of lean beef;
put in jar and cover closely. Place
In a pan of cold water and bring grad
ually to a boil; simmer gently for
three hours. This will draw every
drop of juice from the meat. Drain
and add little salt. A splendid pour.
ishment for jnvalids.
The citizen., 1911-06-30


the hair of the
more timid spec
tators stand on
end. Field and
track sports such
as putting the
shot. b a IN ID er
throwing, jump
ing, running. pole
vaulting and hur-
die racing are sat
isfactory Fourth
of July sports be-
cause local talent
can always be re-
cruited for the
competitions and
even If no worlds
records are bro
ken there is no
end of fun for
participants a n q
SDpctatOrS. Lawn
The citizen., 1911-06-30

ing more exciting than their tourna-
ments when they are hotly contested.
In some sections of the country
morse racing has taken the place of
the firemen's tournaments as
Fourth of July attraction. but of late
their drawing power has been sur
passed by such novelties as automo-
bile races. motorcycle races and best
of all, aeroplane contests There are
yet retained on many Fourth of July
programs those homely contests that
have been greeted with roars of
laughter ever since the days of our
grandfathers-such tests of skill as
races, sack races. three-legged races.
catching the creased pig, potato
races and a host of others in which
members of both sexes participate.
In the south from time out of mind
they have had fitting contests" in
which local horsemen as twentieth
century knights without armor have
Wed with one an3tHer in stunts with
lances or spears somewhat similar to
those performed by the knights of
old. Within the past year or two
other sections of the country have
adopted these fitting Journeys as
Fourth of July feature, and with ex-
cellent success.
In some communities Fourth of
July sports committees have, in their
quest for novelties, borrowed some OF
the features of the modern circus. no
tably the chariot races. which are
to rpoLo
The citizen., 1911-06-30

otner, but is in actual fact universal
That Americans have come to rec
ognize the Fourth as day when
lovers of athletics of all kinds may
enjoy their favorite sports to theiI
fill is a matter of congratulation, for
good many OF us take few enough
days off" during the summer We
have not to any great extent adopted
and perhaps may never adopt, the
English and European custom Of
banishing work and business cares
evsry Friday evening during the sum
mer and devoting the interval until
The citizen., 1911-06-30

the Fourth
b e C a u s e
h u stands,
b r OF h ers
and sweet
h e a r t S
c o m e for
the day and
accordingly
there is a
S { a impede
for outdoor
p a s times.
] u s t a S
there is for
d a n C i ng
and all 9th.
er pursuits
where male
The citizen., 1911-06-30

Joyous anniversary and it is perfect
ly natural, if not inevitable. consider
ing the great and growing interest of
the whole American people in feats
of skill that call for mental and mus.
cular agility. Moreover its accept.
ance as day of sport is not con
fined to the small towns on the one
hand. nor to the large cities on the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-09-22
WOULD TAKE HORSE THEFT
CASE FROM GRAND JURY.
Prisoner Asks to Send II Back
to Prosecutor.

Judge Davis had a knotty legal aues-
ton put up to him this morning by
Louis r.. Freund, counsel for Harry
LoWenthal, who has beer in the county
jail since August 4 on complaints
charging him with horse-steaIing.
On that date Lowenthal pleaded not
guilty to one complaint in the First
Criminal Court and was remanded to
jail in default of 81, 900, On September
IA he had made arrangements for a
bail bond, but when he was brought to
the Court House he learned that two
additional complaints had been filed
against him and that his bail was $1,000
on each charge, $4,000 in all.
He could not furish this bail and At
torney Breund at once made request
to the First Criminal Court to have
the complaints returned from the pros
ecutor's office and the cases heard
there instead Of allowing the matter
to go bfore the grand jury. Before
this action had been taken by the
First Crimial Court the three COM
plants had been brought before the
grand jury n + now before that
body for action.
1t was to get them back from the
grand jury before action IS taken on
them by that body that application
was made by Freund today. He was
informed by Judge Davis and by First
Assistant Prosecutor Frederick r.
Lehlbach that there was no statute
giving the court or prosecutors office
the right to take a matter than had
been reported to the grand jury for
action and send it back to the lower
courts.
Judge Davis told Lawyer Freund to
see If he could find II authorities on
the matter. In the meantime tho
judge said he would reserve decision,
intimating at the same time that
Freund would be unsuccessful in his
search Of the law books.