davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23
NEWEST NOTES OF SCIENCE


III an engineer passes stop sigma
i'm a safety device adopted by a Gen
man railroad an electric bell Is runs
IN his engine cab until his mistake
/ IS recorded by an official OF th' rail
road
A new fare registering box for pay
AS YOU enter street cars records the
number of passengers carried and
the amount of money placed i'm 10 lie
fore passing the latter TO the con
ductor
A new automatic strop for safety
razor blades looks like q miniauie
lawn mower. spiral leather bein.
pressed against blade as it is NOV
ed back and forth, along any smooth
surface.
Automobile tIcs are protected
from punoture hy NE invention % q
small brush, 10 be suspended in
front ot wheel. clear OFT Che ground
but near enough TO push aside small
objects.
Twenty one specially DESIGNED cars
dVHWn by eight traction engines. are
used by an Ingenious Frenchman to-
move portable theatre with seem
CRY, seats and players complete, about
Che country
4 lcmm sQBcezcr th1t can De- car
ried n iho pocket thc Invention of
Rhode lslaeder consists of a fat
wedee-shaped metal box containing
hinged jaws that face am opening ~
the wide end.
With its more Than 1000 sncci-
mems. to which additions arc being
made constantly the United States
governments museum of electrical
relics al Washington rs larEost ol
its hud IN the world
Urugay has enacted law where
by the police are given extensive
powo- for The Treatment isolation
quarantine and destruction of live
stock which forms tbc basis fer the
countp chief INDUSTRY
Electric eas can be turned on
and or at nieht automatically hy in-
sertine in street lighting circuits
solenoids 20 operate switches in the
ign circuits when current iu the
former u.s. tunnel on and of
TO iui0te women 90 face forward
as thel step frtv cars ri, stree car
companies 0 it lea- tao ciiies have
PLACED miuW "a the platforms 70
attract their attention aud cause
them t1 um iu the right direction
Since Germany obtained the island
ol Heiigoand from Great Britain ~
sears ago the speimmeut has bsen
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

II Is evident now that where the
Russians erred was in not feeding
Admiral Togo so he would contract
acute indigestion
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Campbell Russell has been thrown
out OF the farmers organization, all
SO. Which proves that man can
talk too much
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Tl'he county taxpayers league is on
a HOT trail Some results VIII soon
be due
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

II seems that you can lead lord
20 the hcmlock, and you can also
make him drink.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

In that state school board hearing
many explanationlcss explanations
have developed.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Gnthrie's chief attraction is the
paFk system ana well water auxili-
ary
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Why are taxes in Logan county
nigh The taxpayers league, being on
a warm scent, viii soon answer the
utlaSiinn
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Il is urged by civic reformer
that city building should be a science
but up to now Il has been physically
haphazard and morally a pudding for
grafters
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Caudill. OF Con-con fame is the
states new enforcement officer II
all other methods failing Caudil can
talk a bootlegger to death.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Morocco used TO be famous for the
leather il produced but nowadays
its famous for the diplomatic com
plications il causes.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

a Texas lawyer has declared that
the Bible is ana unfit publication to
pass Though tie mails 9pd names
several parts as particularly appi-
cable 10 his objection t is crafty
inS 70 learn that at ieas. one Texan
nas read the Bible
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Seemed to Give Him a New Stomach
suffered intensely after eating
and no medicine or treatment ! tried
seemed to do any good writes II NJ
Youngpeters, Editor Of The Sun. Lake
View, Ohio "The FIRST fow doses Of
Chamberlain's Stomach ANA Liver
Tablets gaYo nc surprising relief and
the second bottle seemed To give me
a new stomach aud perfectly good
health For sale by all dealers
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Mrs Godfrey Kick, of Illinois, who
sues for divorce because her husband
has deserted her thirteen times, prob
ably regards the number as unmcky.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

a Chicago paper places 'Oklaho
ma Democracy for Folk or Harmon.
Away of Just at present oklahoma
is for Wilson strong, but this seni-
ment viii probably materially change
within the next few months
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The skids were CREASED, for Me
Iamore, but he refuses TO slide.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Thirty members OF congress de-
Cline to tell anyone how old they are,
aud more than that number OF our
secreuve statesmen would not for
any consideration, tell just how they
GOT there.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The best press agent in Washing
ton Is the one in the employ of SEN
atore Owen and Pomefene
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Now Gnl is denying that he deni-
ed it.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The Russian wrestler Hackeh-
schmidt is reported TO have made
fl7d, GOO in the wrestling business,
most o( which IS invested IN Japan
ese government bonds Nobody can
blame q Russian tor regarding jap
bonds as mighty safe securities
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Rim as he vent Off 10 officiate al a
fmeral one rainy day Vow John
don't stand with your Dare head ON
the damp ground you'll catch cold
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

TIE make an earthquake recorl the
exact time of lts occurrence am lta'-
Ian scientist has attached TO "a seis-
moglaph a switch which turns ON an
electric lisht and photographs
chronometer when the seismograph
needle moves.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Bicycle Tires $3.50 Inner Tubes
75c. Snap at Olsnith's
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

A woll known Dcs Moincs woman
after suffering miserably for two days
rom bowel complaint was cured By
ono dose Of Chamberlain's Collie, Chol-
era ana Diarrhoea Remedy. For sale
by all dealers.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The undying love Of an ola topper
for liquor goes TO prove that famil'
iarity doesn't always breed absolute
oontempt.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Only uccaslon0iIY au y0n iud z
genius, and a aeniu ls d genius only
occasionally Atchlaon Globe
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

III an engineer passes a stop signal
i'm safety device adopted by a Ger
man railroad an electric bell Is rung
IN bis engine cab until his mistake
Is recorded by an official of th' rail-
road
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

THE less we have the easier we
mart with It," said the Wise Guy.
''Yes, especially our hair, replied the
Simple Mug
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

A new fare registering box for pay
AS YOU enter street cars records the
number Of passengers carried and
the amount of money placed lin it be
fore passing the latter 10 the con
ductor.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The longer YOU watch girl to see
how she manages men, the longer you
can keep ON watching without iiudtns
out
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

BY LESLIE c, NiRLAck.

niHaMRER OF ASSOCIATED PRESS,
United Press Leased Wire Service,
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

II word to the wise is sufficient
the average married woman must con.
slider her husband foolish indeed
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

Electric siels can be turned OF
and or 90 night automatically hy in
sertinu in street lighting circuit
soleroids 20 operate switches in the
sign circuits when current iu ths
former is tunnel on and of
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

IL takes two to make 4 quarrel, and
the quarelsome man seldom has any
difficulty in finding the other Que.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

The fellow who goes around look
ing for trouble generally meets some
body who takes him at his word
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

TO iuiUte women 90 face forward
ar thel step frsv cars !, stree cur
companies o h lea-, tso cites have
ul-,ed miu0 ~ the platforms 70
attract their attention aud cause
Them to uu iu The right direction
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-08-23

since Germany obtained the island
of Heligoand from Great Britain ~
sears ago The soremment has been
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14
WILL REBUILD LINE
Telephone Company Leases
New Quarters and Will
Make Improvements

C. w. Hinchcliffe, manager of
the Consolidated Telephone, Tele.
graph and Electric Co., with Offices
in Tucson, arrived here Tuesday
afternoon on a business visit to the
local Office.
Mr.. Hinchcliffe closed a deal on a
lease for four years of the store
room in the postoffice building for
his company, to be occupied by the
local exchange. The new quarters
will be fitted up at once and be
ready for occupancy August LIST.
While here Mr.. Hinchcliffe stated
that the company would begin work
at once rebuilding the entire valley
line, from Solomonville to Pima.
The company has secured from
the Arizona Eastern railroad the
privilege of running its telephone
line from Stafford to Thatcher in its
right.of.way from Stafford TO Thatch-
er, which will greatly improve the
service between the two towns. the
trees on the Thatcher Drive materi-
ally interfering with the wires which
now will be removed.
Mr.. Hinchcliffe also stated that
the company would install in the
next ninety days a new and i'm
proved switchboard in the local eK-
change, which would handle the
valley business more satisfactorily
than the one now in use.
Mr.. Hinchcliffe returned to Tue
son Wednesday morning.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14
PERSONAL MENTION

The trouble is, when you are cross
and disagreeable you can't run
away from yourself.
Burial caskets carried in stock by
The ella Valley Furniture and Hard.
ware Store. 7-1yr
Mrs. J. N. Robinson and little
son came up from Globe Monday
morning and will visit Mrs. Robin.
sons parents, Mr.. and Mrs. George
S. Andrus. @.-s
r. S. Patterson, Stafford, Arizona
handles a first-class line Of fire and
burglar proof safes. See him for
prices. Soft
Miss Margaret Long, the popular
miliner at J. r. Welker & Co.'S,
left Wednesday morning for six
weeks visit at her home in San An
tonic. Texas.
Sprains require careful treatment.
Keep quiet and apply Chamberlain
Liniment freely. 1t will remove the
soreness and quickly restore the
parts to q healthy condition. For
sale by Stafford Drug Co. Goat
w. A. Woodward. who has beef,
visiting at the home of his daught-
err. Mrs. George Oliver, the past two
months. left yesterday morning for
Silver City, N. M.
Otto McSwane left yesterday
morning for Corpus Christi, Texas,
where he will undergo special med
icai treatment. J, r. Welker ac-
companied him as faf ~ Boyle.
DR.. j. G. Belt has sold his stand
ard bred stallion. Arizona McKin-
ney, 10 DR.. j. H. Coe. The price
prid was $1,000. Or. Coe shipped
the horse to Sedgewick, Kansas.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14
PIMA

Lillian Rogers has gone to Globe
to spend week with her sister.
Mr.. and Mrs. Plat Curtis visited
Sunday school in Pima Sunday.
Miss Rula Halliday, of Eden. Is
visiting her sister, Mrs. Ina Webb.
Pima has organized a vocal sight
reading class Of twenty-three men,
bers.
Mrs. Lottie Moody. of Thatcher,
visited her sister. Mrs. William
Craig, Sunday.
Many improvements are being
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14

If you have sease of humor, il
may help some to use it in looking
yourself over occasionally.
Under certain circumstances, q
man needn't feel SO blamed proud
of telling the truth; keeping still
might have been more 10 his credit,
Every man is supposed to be in.
nocent until proven guilty, but there
are q numher who can't hope for
any better luck than to have their
trials postponed.
While women will tell you they
are firm believers in marrying for
love, you will observe that they say,
of bride who has rich husband.
that she has done we'll" 49, e.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14
CENTRAL

Central has organized the largest
brass band in the valley, starting
out with thirty members. Prof.
VIM. Moore Clayton will be the in
structor for the band.
Central has arranged an elaborate
program for the celebration of
Pioneers Day, Monday, July oath,
consisting of music and literary ex-
ercises, sporting events and pioneer
exhibitions.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14

Harvey Foster spent yesterday in
the county assessors Office making
an assessment on the property of
school district No. 43 in Bryce for
the purpose of raising 10000 with
which to erect new School house.
Mrs. Eugene Nicks, who has been
visiting with her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. S. A. Sowell, returned to her
home in Ell Paso, Texas, Wednesday.
She was accompanied by Miss Kate
Fonda. who will visit with her for
several weeks.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14

President and Mrs. Andrew Kin,
ball were guests for several days OF
Mr., and Mrs. George Birdno at
Camp inceptiqH; President Kim.
ball held services at the camp Sun.
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Richardson
and children left Solomonville Tue1-
day for San Diego. Cal, where
they will reside Ia tho future. Mr..
Richardson has been connected with
the sheriff's Office for the past
eleven years.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14

We claim to live in Republic.
If this is true and our constitution
conforms e 8 republican govern
ment, where does the president get
the authority to say we must do as
he says, or else he will not sign the
bill and thus kill our chances for
Statehood.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14

made on the Cuff Hotel, especially
on the interior of the building.
Grandma Felshaw and her grand
daughter, Leola Frazier, are home
from their visit at Fit. Thomas.
Miss Alice Norton, of Pima, spent
Sunday and Monday visiting in
Thatcher. the guest of Mr.. and Mrs.
RUDE Duke.
The Pima Jail house is being re-
modelled in order to accommodate
one of the grades in the public
school this winter.
The talks given by Elders Evans
Coleman and Edwin Claridge at
church Sunday was much enjoyed
by those who attended.
Pearl Mcbride and family were
up from Globe, Sunday, to visit
with Mr.. McBride's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. P. H. Mcbride.
VIM. Moore Clayton will COM
mence his work in vocal training
this week, and prospects are favor
able for large class. The oppor-
tunity is worth while, indeed, and
it is hoped a lively interest will be
manifested.
Miss Ujean Wilson and Mr..
Jesse H. Kerby were married We'd
nesday, July 9Th. The ceremony
took place at the home of the bride.
Mr.. and Mrs. Kerby are very
popular young couple and their
many friends wish them happy
married life.
Mark Despair and little daughter,
Thelma, went to Bowie Monday to
meet Mr.. Despain's mother. She
came in with her son on the evening
train, and will remain for an in
definite time. She has many friends
in the valley who are glad to see
her back.
Bishop Phil C. Merrill gave talk
on Character" at the conjoint
meeting Sunday evening. During
his remarks Mr.. Merrill seemed to
touch responsive chord in the
hearts of all the young people, and
many expressed themselves as being
so pleased at being present to listen
to his discourse.
You ask what makes Thomas East
so pleasant of late? Well, who
wouldn't be happy to have bran
new baby boy like he has. The lit
tie fellow came Sunday evening and
seems pleased and contented. All
concerned are doing fine, but faith
err" and he isn't dangerous.
The little boys who stole Mrs.
Louisa Rogers watermelons, Sun
day, might have laughed out of one
corner of their mouths while they
were eating them, but the laugh
turned to the other corner when
Justice Mangum made them pay for
the melons. The boys all agreed
that in the future they would pay
N advance and ask permission of
The owner if they might eat melons.
The Y. LIN. l. A. of Pima met
At the home of Mrs. j. w. Foster,
Some of the members
had previously prepared several
different kinds of salad and sand
which were passed to the
girls to sample. Miss Fanny Burns
vas present and lectured on the
,arious ways of preparing eggs
She also cooked omelets and many
lainties made with eggs, and ex-
blamed how they were cooked and
old of all their many uses. The
was very interesting and
instructive.
Graham guardian., 1911-07-14
FOR SALE

One large Spring Hack. in first
class condition.
left B. +. FOSTER.
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1911-04-07
Rally Day At St. Isssph.

Rally Day in st. Joseph was the big
gest thing of its kind perhaps ever Wit
messed in this town and brought more
Of our people together than have ever as
sembled here in years. 1t is difficult to
estimate the number of visitors, It suf-
fees to say that every home in town was
thrown open and every body kept open
house the two entire days of the meet,
and all hotels were crowded to utmost
capacity. Many homes were decorated
in the prevailing colors Of the schools,
which were also in evidence on every
carriage and automobile and were worn
by practically every body in attendance.
Good weather and good feeling generally
prevailed and the two entire days were
literally given over to the occasion, BUSH
ness being largely suspended that all
might witness the events.
Upon the conclusion of the second day
an immense audience assembled at the
Court House, taxing to the utmost the
seating capacity Of that magnificent
structure. With most pleasing and appro-
pirate remarks Hon. G. II. Clinton de-
livered to the successful contestants the
prizes that were awarded. The friends
Of each school applauded voiceforously
when their representatives were present
ed with medals.
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1911-04-07

Miss Louise Johnston is visiting friends
in Memphis.
Miss Annie Hornsby spent several day.
in vidalia as guest Of relatives last week
Mrs. Jas. S. Johnston and son, Master
Jas. s., Jr., are visiting relatives on
Bayou Vidal.
Misses Annie and Matte 0Kelley, Of
Kingston, Miss, are visiting their aunt,
Mrs. E. ]. Walton. in St. Joseph.
Mr.. Russell A. Richardson, Of East st.
Louis, H., was visitor to his old home,
Tensas parish, this week and enjoyed
several excursions to Lake Bruin.
Misses Susane and Marie. Calvit, Of
Concordia parish, who are visiting Miss
Nell Martien, at Waterproof, were visi-
tors to st. Joseph on Thursday and Fri
day to witness the Rally Day events.
An article on the Mississippi Delta, by
Mr.. Harris Dixon, the popular and tai
ented writer of vicksbure, in a recent
issue Of the Saturday Evening Post is il
lustrated with scenes native to the Delta
country, including splendid likeness Of
the Lake Bruin Club House. the popular
fishing resort of so many OF our people.
The many friends in this town and
parish Of Mrs. G. L. CLARK of Newellton
were delighted tosee her present at the
Rally Day events in st. Joseph on Thurs
day and Friday Mrs. Clark has been
in bad health for the past several years
and this was her first visit to our town
since her indisposition. She received many
warm congratulations on being out again,
the pleasure of which was enjoyed rs
much by her friends as herself.
In making the presentation addresses
at the Court House ON Friday night, at
the close Of the Rally Day events, Mr..
Clinton paid q most deserved tribute to
Master Edwin Blanche. Of the St. Joseph
High School, for the work performed by
him in erecting the 66 foot flag staff in
the school house yard, from which the
Stars and Stripes now wave. Entirely Of
his own volition, and without any assist
ance whatever, Edwin cut down tall
cypress sapling that was growing in a
lake, and dressed it of, hauled to the
school house yard and painted and fixed
a gilded ball to the top. His next step
was to creosote the base, and digging a
six foot hole, with the aid Of some Of
the school boys, raised the pole and BY
means of rope attached to pulley now
runs the flag up and down every MORN
ing and evening. The thorough manner
in which the work was accomplished
would have reflected credit on a much
older and more experienced man.
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1911-04-07

1 WI - &t1W 0AA0@Als
The following notes culled from
Sundays Picayune are Of interest
to our readers:
After visit to her mother, Mrs.
A. Cohn. Mrs. Stella Abrahm has
returned to her home in Magnolia,
Miss.
Mr.. and Mrs. Martin Jacoby and
little daughter, of Newellton, La,
are guests of the latter's parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. E. Landauer.
An event of great interest to a
large circle of friends was the mar
riage on Wednesday evening, March
80, Of Miss May Clara Spearing, the
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Spearing, to Mr.. Edgar H. Farrar,
Jr., which was celebrated very
quietly at Trinity Church in the
presence of the families only owing
to a recent bereavement. in the fam
lily of the bridegroom. The bridal
attendants were Miss Rose Brice
West, the maid Of honor, and Mr..
Joseph McCaleb, the best man. The
bride entered at the appointed hour,
$50 O'Clock, with her father, who
gave her to be married, the BRIDE
groom awaiting her coming with his
best man at the altar. The impress
sive ritual Of the Episcopal faith was
performed by Rev. w. s. Slack, Of
Mount Olivet Church, Algiers, La,
assisted by Rev. Gordon BLACKWELL,
rector of Trinity Chapel. The bride
is very charming young girl, a
graduate Of Newcomb College last
june, and although she had never
made her formal debut, was select
ed as maid Of honor to the queen Of
the Carnival this season, Miss Rose
Brice West. She wore a most be-
coming tailor-made gown Of gray
cloth, with bat to harmonic, and
carried a great cluster Of lilies Of
the valley. The maid Of honor wore
q beautiful hand-embroidered lin
gerie gown, trimmed with lace. and
q pink picture hat. trimmed with
dropping clusters Of pink wistaria.
She carried trailing bouqet Of pink
bridesmaid roses and asparagus fern.
No reception followed the ceremony.
the bridal couple, who were the re-
cipients Of many handsome gifts,
leaving Immediately after the cere-
mony for trip to New York. where
they viii spend a short time. On
their return they win go to house
keeping at 2639 Milan Street.
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1911-04-07
1 Big Entsrrriss.


Work on the big saw mill being
erected just across the river from
|St. Joseph is progressing rapidly
and the mill viii be ready for bust
ness about June list. When com
pleted the mill will have capacity
of some %. COO feet per day and
viii give employment to some forty
odd hands with weekly pay roll
of about $4,000. The mill belongs
to the Link Newcomb Mill & Lum-
Der Co., who are domiciled at Ben
tonia, Miss. Mr.. w. H. Nevcomb,
the senior member Of the firm. has
located at St. Joseph. and win look
after the operation of this mill
The capitol invested in this mill
will be some fifteen or eighteen
thousand dollars. A tram road. two
miles in length, and requiring over
100 tons Of steel rails, is being con-
structed. which will be used to
move the heavy sticks Of timber,
the flat cars viii for the present be
moved by mules though a dummy
NAV he found necessary later. The