davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news. (Estancia, N.M.) 1911-1912, 1911-06-22

has never had to record a higher
temperature than SO degrees, and
but once lower than twelve below
zero.
The seasons of 1909 and 1910
proved that through the valley
proper, success in obtaining the
full yield of the soil, depended on
artificial irrigation, 1t had been
proven from the first that water
for domestic purposes could be
readily secured by sinking wells
to a depth of from a few feet to
about one hundred feet in any
portion of the valley. But wheth-
er the supply of water was of suf-
ficient capacity to warrant the
pumping for irrigation remained
to be proven. During the past
year, this work has been taken
up in earnest and several wells
in different portions of the valley
have been sunk to various depths
up to six or seven hundred feet.
The testing, of these wells has
brought out the fact that the
supply of underground water is
practically inexhaustible, and
the larger supply is an average
depth of from one hundred and
fifty to two hundred and fifty
feet below the surface. In all
the wells, without exception,
when the water bearing strata
are penetrated, the water invar
iably raises to within easy pump
ing distance of the surface. Good
pumps, working overtime, have
not been successful in drawing
down the water in the wells to a
point to make pumping prohibi-
tive. With an average rainfall
of from nine to seventeen inches
each year, the amount of water
to be supplied by irrigation for
the production of the big crops,
is not great, an ordinary we'll
supplying sufficient water to irri-
gate large tract of land.
Several small pumping plants
have been installed in different
parts of the valley, which furnish
The morning news. (Estancia, N.M.) 1911-1912, 1911-06-22

That the Estancia Valley was
by nature destined to be an ag-
ricultural center of no small i'm
portance is the conclusion of every
one who studies the physical and
geological conditions of the ada
cent country. From time imme-
mortal, natural forces have been
at work to provide for the valley
the richest and most product
soil possible. Surrounded, as the
Valley is by ranges of moutains,
whose peaks tower several thous-
and feet aboye timber line, ma
ture has been disintegrating the
rocks and timbers, and the floods
of ages have carried the carboni-
ferrous deposits over the valley,
providing for the coming genera
tions an unsurpassably rich soil,
which needs but the scientific
culture of the soil to cause it to
blossom as the gardens.
The geologists contend that at
some prehistoric time there flow
ed through the valley a river of
immense magnitude, whose wa
ters have since found an outlet
though subterranean strata, so
that during recent years the silt
and mountain wash have compile
tely obliterated the channel, in
sofar as the surface of the land
itself is concerned. However,
the made earth" or fill is trace
able. showing the direction,
magnitude and depth of the
ancient river channel.
Not until the overcrowded east
began sending it's hordes of land
hungry homeseekers toward the
setting sun, did anyone dream of
the Estancia Valley ever support
ing an agricultural population.
Cattle and sheep men had held
the rich plains country for several
generations, enriching them
selves by herding their focks on
the public domain, without the
least worry nor care as to permits
and fees. Nothing was asked and
nothing was paid. The owners
The morning news. (Estancia, N.M.) 1911-1912, 1911-06-22
EsrAucgA ruE METROPOLIS oFsTHE EsrANcHA VALLEY
THE ESTANGIA WILLIE D6Ab PLA6E FOR A HOME

claims went into the United
States Courts. After years of
litigation, the grants as a whole
were annulled and the rich valley
land became a portion Of the
public domain, to which the
homestead and desert land laws
were applicable. These facts
caused the immigration of the
land hungry people from the
states. AS a natural sequence,
the land agent appeared at once.
Advertising matter was sent
broadcast, and the Estancia Val
ley became known in thousands
and thousands Of homes through
out the states. The first settlers
or more properly speaking, squat
ters, were largely spectators.
Their intention was not to make
homes, but to dispose of their
"claims"and seek greener fields.
The drouth of 1904 proved a
Godsend to the valley, as this
class was forced to abandon their
claims and move on to places
where a livelihood could be
secured without resorting to the
sweat of the brow. Following
the drouth Of those years, the
cycle changed, and there came
several seasons of moisture. A
few of those who had come to
the valley, planted garden patch
es, giving them some care, and
were amazed at the results.
These few proved the richness
and productiveness of the soil of
the Estancia Valley. Potatoes,
which had been growing wild in
the mountains, fairly outdid
themselves in both size and fla
vor. Cabbages seemed to vie
with each other in attaining
enormous sizes. Root crops, tur-
nips, radishes, beets, ruta bagas,
etc., simply astonished the people
in their tremendous growth and
edibility.
During the next few years lar
ger patches and fields were bor-
ken out, and planted to crops of
various kinds. Each succeeding
year proved that any crop which
could be grown in a latitude of
35 degrees and an altitude of
5000 feet, would thrive in the
valley, The high altitude together
with the southern latitude
gives the vaIicy n wide range of
products, for whereas the south
ern latitude might tend to give
the valley an extremely hot eli
mate, this is tempered by the
higher altitude, the union bring
ling forth one Of the most de
lightful climates imaginable For
while it is always warm in The
sunshine, it is always cool in the
shade. During a period of eight
years residence here, the writer
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
TO SET YOUNG FRUIT TREES
Just as We'll to Dig New Holes in
Space Between Old Ones After
Latter Have Been Cut.

II would do no harm to set young
fruit trees in the holes where the old
ones are taken out, but, other things
being equal, it would be just as well
to dig new holes in the spaces be
tween the old trees after they have
been cut down or pulled up. Answer
ing a question along this line, the
Rural New Yorker advises digging a
wide hole two feet or more diameter
and eight to twelve inches deep, as
may be needed, placing the rich or
top soil in one pile and the subsoil
in another.
Cut out all broken or injured roots
from the trees to be set, and freshen
the ends Of the sound roots with a
slanting cut from below upward, so
that the fresh surface viii rest on the
soil. When the roots are in their
natural position, set the trees in the
center of the hole and carefully fill
in around the roots with the best of
the top soil taken out, sitting it from
the edge of the shovel and working 1t
between the rows with the fingers,
shaking the tree meanwhile to get the
earth in every crevice between the
roots
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
FUNGUS DISEASES OF PEACt
Brown Rot Among Most Destructive
Of Fungi on Trees-PreVails
During Warm Weather.
By r. G. wEATHERsToNE.


The brown rot fungus is among the
most destructiv7 of the fungi on the
peach, yielding place only at times tc
leaf-curl Unlike leaf-curl the brown
rot prevails during warm, showery
weather, and with such a weather
period is likely to occur at any time
OF the year. In April, if the mummy
peaches are permitted to remain on
the trees from the preceding year,
the fungus may affect the twigs
through the blossoms and thus cause
serious twig blight 1t is a matter OF
common remark that the branches
upon which rotted peaches are found
often perish from effect OF the rot
fungus. The survival of the fungus in
these mummy fruits aud the pro.
duction of ascospores from them are
well proven. No one variety seems
more susceptible TO rot than others,
although some sorts are more liable
to ripen during rainy weather and
then rot worse. The control Of rot
demands: First, careful removal and
destruction of all mummy rotted
peaches in which the fungus survives;
second, thorough spraying of the
trees before poisoning as for leaf
curl; third, subsequent spray treat.
ment with self-boiled limesulfur may
be profitable under certain conditions,
The leaf-curl fungus is at times one
Of the serious pests of the peach
grower. However destructive leaf
curl does not occur every year The
curl fungus survives in the buds from
year to year 1t is therefore present
each season, though possibly in vary
ing amount Leaf-curl usually comes
when cool weather, with frequent
rains, prevails during March, April,
May and June. 1t is to the April
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
Tremendous lnCre ase in Con-
sumption of Late Years.
Methods Of Cutting Are So WastefuI
THE Exhaustion Is Within Meas
urable Distance, According
to London Times.


London.-An article in the London
Times concerning the worlds supply
of timber and it's wasteful handling is
attracting much attention. According
to the figures given, the situation is
rapidly growing serious. The Times
says:
The savants of all nations have
been foretelling for years the APP
preaching extinction Of the world s
forest reserves, but, with one or two
exceptions, little apparent effect has
been produced on the policy of govern
ment respecting afforestation.
There may now be said to be only
six countries in a position to supply
uni anited quantities of merchantable
timber, namely, Russia 0ncluding Fin.
land), Austria-Hungary Norway and
Sweden in Europe, and Canada and
the United States in America.
"Of these the reserves in the United
States, Russia proper and Austria
Hungary are now seriously threatened
by the rapid growth of their own re
quirements consequent on the natural
increase of the population. while in
Norway the reaping of the timber crop
has been so wasteful as to bring ex-
haustion within measurable distance.
The resources of Finland are still
large, as are also those of Sweden,
while Canada now represents the
worlds greatest reserve.
"As already indicated, the European
countries, with a large surplus avail
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10

Since local university alumni assoc
Citations are often more interested in
having a good time themselves than In
community recreation, 1t Is well TO
note how much the harvard club has
done for Syracuse. Under It's au-
gplces Sunday band concerts in the
parKg we're started. which were later
taken over BY tie city The club In
ltlated the indoor Sunday concert now
held with much success in the Central
high school. and last winter It suggest
nd a new form Of municipal recreation
yhich has been promptly put into ef-
feet by the officials This Is public
skating rink on the Erie canal. The
CITY Las provided a cloak room and an
attendant and has strung large arc
lights over the canal for several
blocks. Thus the people have, In the
very center OF the city. free skating
rink Of much greater length than Is
usual In Kinks to which admission Is
charged. This work Is the most inter
esting because It Is the first which
syracuse has undertaken. at least In
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
His Broom
CVercOaf
By Louise Jackson Strong

Roger paused as a cry swept around
The bend. then turned his horse up
stream with a haste that despatched
him. halloing in response. His pulse
leaped with establishment and alarm.
II was Hates voicei What had be-
fallen her? He pushed rapidly through
the scrub with frequent calls, getting
no response. and when. breaking
through on the brink of the stream he
saw her. he demanded. with a fash of
resentment:
why didn't you answer? I woui1
have found you the sooner"
Il wouldn't have called at all II
had known It was you splashing along
down there. couldn't know, of course,
until I heard your voice" she replied
with an effort at dignity.
But dignity is not easily attained
when the aspirant is on her knees.
clinging to a log that quivers above a
whirl of rushing water. She felt that
her position was ludicrous and went
on sharply:
II am sorry brought you out of
your way, excuse gn5, and go on.
can manage"
'Nonsensei" he retorted. "Uf course
can't, and won't, leave you there.
He urged his horse into the stream.
1T isn't necessary" she cried 81
~ was nervous I'll can get across
myself" She crawled few trembling
inches.
Keep still" he commanded. Don't
you see it's going downi Steady old
boy-there! slip on as carefully and
quickly as possible--hold tight Now
Doc, out of thisl" The horse plunged
ahead and as he struggled upon the
bank the great log went down. A mo
ment later they might have been car
ried with It.
Kate shrieked. and Rogers face was
white.
Il reached you in time. thank
heaven!" he breathed.
Il never noticed how the food had
loosened II until | was out on IT,
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10

weather that the most serious trouble
seems attributable. With low TEN.
peratures and frequent rains during
the early half of that month we may
safely predict an outbreak of leaf
curl During such weather the fungus
develops rapidly and the new leaves
are effected as they are protruded
from the bud In modified sense
the same takes place during May and
in a still more limited sense during
June. Successful prevention of leaf
curl is secured by thorough early treat
ment with bordeaux mixture. Indeed.
it appears that spraying at any time
shortly before the blossoms open is
several times more effective than any
application afterward. It appears
that more effective results are secured
by spraying two weeks before bios
soming than Immediately before the
blossoms open. In any event an APP
plication made just before the bios
SONS open is more effective than at
any later date. Lime sulphur appli.
cations for scale insects are effective
to prevent leaf-curl.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
YOUTHS HAVE TRAVELLED FAR
Eldest, Aged Six, Has Record Of 1850 600
Miles Of Sailing, While Baby Has
Never Been on Land.

Philadelphia.-Wit his wife and
three children. one Of whom has never
been on land, another who has crossed
the equator 30 lines and Travelled
more than 10000 miles, and third
who has Travelled $1,000 miles by wa.
ter, Capt Nantritz Christensen of the
Norwegian steamer Sildra, will leave
in a few days for his home in Ber-
gen, Norway. to try living ashore for
awhile.
Captain Christiansen was mar ried
seven years ago, and soon left on the
sildra. A year later Mrs. Christian.
sen Joined him at Sydney. Australia,
with their first child. Elsie, who is now
six years of age. Both have accom-.
panied Captain Christiansen on every
voyage he has made since that time.
Two more children we're born
aboard the ship, Sildra, age four years,
and the youngest, Sydney. age four
months, came into the world while
the ship was in port at Sydney. He
has never been on lard. Two weeks
after he was born the ship sailed Tor
Japan, with which country the Sildra
trades on most of her voyages.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
TEA DRINKING ON INCREASE

st. Regis, the Gotham and the Ritz
Carlton. dispense with music, as their
patrons seem to prefer social CONVEX.
satif n.
A-r. Barse, of the WaIdorfAstoria,
said yesterday that more women real.
ly came to drink tea, and that 1t was
libel on the sex TO say that they pro
ferred the highball disguised in a
china cup.
when the old Waldorf hotel was
opened by Mr.. Boldt sixteen years
ago." said Mr. Barse. the palm room
was turned into tearoom to accom-
modate guests who had contracted
the tea-drinking habit In Europe.
"Since that time the demand has
grown from year TO year, until now
several rooms are devoted TO after
noon tea. The reason why the wom-
en- predominant 80 largely at the Wal
dorf is because men are not admitted
to tearoom unaccompanied by wom-
en-. and no smoking is permitted"
The Plaza, Knickerbocker and AS
tor hotels have had to enlarge their
tea room accommodation, az II has
become the fashion more this season
than before for women to give tea
parties at hotels instead OF inviting
their friends to their own homes
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
SUPPLY OF TIMBER

able for export, are Austria-H Hungary
with which may be coupled Sosnia
and Horzegovina). Russia (ine;G ing
Finland), Sweden and Norway. From
all OF these countries, with .he excep-
uon of Austria-Hungary, Great Britain
imports largely OF timber for construc-
tional purposes, and our interest in
the depletion of their forest reserves
is no mere academic one"
BY far and away the largest forest
reserve in Europe is in Russia and
Finland, which have between them
over 500,000,000 acres under timber
Austria-Hungary comes next. but a
long way behind, with 100000 acres
Sweden following with $4,000, 900
acres. Germany with 34,00O,O0 acres,
France with 100000 acres, Spain
with 10000. 900 acres. Norway with H.
100000 acres and Italy and Bulgaria
each with 100000 acres
The eyes of the world are now d.
rected to North America in their
search for future timber supplies. The
area Of land under forest In the United
States is prodigious. The total
amounts roughly to 700.000.0O0 acres,
of which nearly 15O.OOo,OOO acres are
under state management or control.
Estimates naturally vary widely as
to the actual reserves OF merchantable
timber, the government census of 1900
putting the stand at 100000, 900. 900
feet board measure, while two years
later Dr n n Farnow OF Toronfo
Canada. estimated It at 1000. 900. 0Q0,-
900 feet.
This latter flsure was substantially
corroborated By the American Lumber.
men Of 1905, but a conservative esti-
mate by a wellinformed correspond
ent, which appeared in the Times at
the close of 1908. put is at 100000.
000.0 feet.
Though It is almost impossible for
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
Scale on Trees.

In order to do the best work the
trees should be pruned removing all
dead branches and cutting back others
that have been seriously injured, or
that are very high, says the Agricul-
turist. All surplus shoots and branches
that can be spared from the trees
should be cut away, thus both reduc-
ing the surface to be sprayed and max
ing it possible to do a better job when
spraying for the scale.
The best results are secured when
the spraying is done during the latter
part Of March. or before growth has
started, although if the trees are badly
infested they should be sprayed in
the fall and again in the spring The
most effectual remedy is lime-sulphur
solution, using the commercial mix
lures at the rate of one part to ten
parts water, or, one to eight if the
trees are badly incrusted. Be sure
to spray the trees from all sides and
cover every portion from the ground
to the ends of the branches.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
llsl;dlI..ls1. 5IIII!!II;l.X 1
ISgAjtIi5gys..Ilr

Thorough and constant spraying Is
the price of good fruit.
Ground bone and wood ashes make
A complete fertilizer for fruit trees
and plants.
Partially girdled trees may often be
saved by binding on the wound paste
of COW manure and clay.
Don't set your trees less than 80
feet apart in the western states and
40 feet in the eastern states.
There is one thing which grapes
require which must not be overlooked,
namely. a weIl-drained subsoil.
One man can grow and care for
four acres of strawberries. but II VIII
take much extra help to pick item.
In setting trees see that tie holes
are dug first. then level the bottom o.
the hole where the tree is TO staLa.
Whether the orchard is infestez
with scale or not the winter or do1
mant spray should never be omitted
The man who counts on certain
number of bushels from his peach
orchard practices what his orchard
ought to peach
Some fruit growers say that 1t is
not a good plan TO pillow an orchard
when the trees are in blossom,-bet-
ter do It before or after.
Hope you did that grating JOB last
month as we then advised If you
forgot IT. perhaps it's not M late
even new, If you hurry
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
New York Hotels Are Forced TO En-
large Accommodation for Aft
ernoon Parties Of Women.

New York.-The increasing popn
larity of the English custom of drink
ing afternoon tea among New York
women has forced the big hotels, one
after another. to devote special rooms
to that purpose The new Hotel Mar
Unique has announced that one room
with a seating capacity Of $50 per
sons will be open for tea from to 6
o'clock every afternoon.
II has been said by some Of those
opposed to the custom that the popu-
larity OF afternoon tea was due to the
fact that it enables those who prefer
something stronger to have the insidi-
Gus cocktail or the popular highball
served in a cup instead of attracting
attention by taking the liquor out of
the ordinary glass. However that
may be. the big hotels serve hun
dreds OF their patrons with tea daily.
and especially on Saturday after
moons. after the matinee.
Many OF the large hotels. like the
Waldorf-Astoria Plaza. AstoF, Knick-
erbocker and Manhattan, have music
from to 6. but others, notably the
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
Prof. Hawk, Director Of Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Gives
Results Of Interesting inves-
tieatlon.

Champaign. Ill.-Dr. P. B. Hawk
finds that by an extensive series Of in
vestigation Of nutrition problems, the
University Of Illinois leads all the col
leges in the United States. Hawk is
director Of the department Of physio-
logical chemistry Of that institution.
He has made a thorough investigation,
and feels that the series Of expert
ments on drinking water at meal
times. and on fasting have not been
ecualed by any rival institution. The
tests conducted here were to deter
mine the influence Of water on the d.
eesuye systems Of animals, and TO de-
ternine the influence Of a complete
withdrawal Of food from the animal
organisms for periods Of various
lengths. The fasting experiments were
conducted both with animals and men.
Sixteen series Of experiments were
conducted. Some 81 the results fol-
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
AN AID TO DIGESTION

low: The Influence Of the withdrawal
OF food is much less pronounced the
second time than in the first fast. Re
peated fasting Il properly regulated.
may possess important curative quail
ties.
The fat Of the food IL more efficient
Iy digested and absorbed when water
is taken at meal time. When water is
introduced in the stomach with the
food there is brought about an in
creased fiow OF gastric Juice, thus
causing the protein constituents TO be
more thoroughly digested.
The pancreas works much more EN-
GENTLY when water is taken at meal
time. The be sr digestion Of the food
eaten is due directly, at least in part,
to the increased functional activity
Of the pancreas.
Nitrogen partition Of two men
through seyen-day fasts, following the
prolonged ingestion Of low protein
diet. brought interesting results. After
the second day the men experienced
no hunger. II was further found that
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1911-05-10
GOAT HAS A GLORIOUS TIME
Animal With Ravenous Appetite Fate
Bric-a-Brac and Its Master
Settles Claim for $50.

Youngstown, Ohio.-A goat with a
ravenous appetite was responsible for
a lawsuit in Squire KILLINGS court.
Mrs. John Stanach of Brier Hill
went to visit neighbor and forgot to
shut the kitchen door. Antonio Tani-
tino's billy goat went visiting about
the same time. When Mrs. Stanaeh
returned curtains had been pulled
from their fastenings, tablecloths
yanked from the tables and bric-a-
brac trampled upon and several rugs
eaten.
Then Mrs Stanach confronted the
goat, which showed battle.
When the case was called the owner
of the goat settled for $50, which is
said to be s5S more than billy is worth
in the open market.