davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
TALIAFERRO GETS
IMPORTANT JOB
BY Associated Press.

Washington, March 4.
Vice President Sher-
man to-day appointed
Senator Flint, Of Califor-
MIA, and Senator Taliafer-
70, of Florida, to vacan-
cies on the national mon
etary commission. Neither
will be members of the
next congress.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
PRESIDENT ISSUES CALL
FOR AN EXTRA SESSION

Washington, March 4.-The sixty
first congress. needless Of one Of the
most important tasks set before il.
ended shortly after noon today. With
IN an hour President Taft had issued
q proclamation calling the new congress
in extraordinary session at noon on
April 4th- At that time President Taft
viii submit for ratification to the
house, which win be overwhelmingly
Democratic, and the senate barely Re
publican, the Canadian reciprocity
agreement. The Mccall bill. carrying
the agreement into effect. met death at
the hands OF the old senate today. af-
ter the house had adopted it.
President Taft was at the capitol to
Witness the obseQuies. The bill was
not allowed to come up for considera-
ton today. The permanent tariff board
BIZ was forced through q reluctant
senate this morning and hurried to the
npuse, but there was strangled by 4
Democratic nlibuster. President Taft
was In a room In the lobby of the SEN
ate, where he heard the news with
resignation. Congress provided funds
to continue the work for another year
OF the temporary tariff board. The
extra session date was fixed at the re-
quest OF the Democrats. The new
Democratic committee meets Monday.
and the fun Democratic caucus win
not meet until April 2. Meanwhile
plans for the extra session win be de-
veloped.
There Is fitsIe doubt that the Demo-
crats Of the house win undertake 10
revise two or three schedules Of the
Payne-Aldrlch tariff act. as there Is
reason to believe It win be favorably
received In the senate.
ENDED IN EXCITEMENT.
The old congress ended amid scenes
Of excitement. In the house the dis
order. at the time OF the closing ho.lrs
when the successful nlibuster against
fe..As-.-l - es....
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
Makes Announcement I'm
mediately After Adjourn
ment of the Senate.

HIS ACTION IN THE LoRIMER
CASE CAUSED MANY DSMo-
Gratis TO IGNORE HIM AND
FOLLOW THE LEADERso43 OF
sToNE-5AiLEY SAYS HIS Ac-
TIoN WAS CAUSED BY u oTE ON
ARIZONA. STATEHOOD BILL.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
By AssoeIa.ed Press.

Center, Texas, March six persons
were burned to death or killed out
right in a fire here shortly after mid
night.
Many others were hurt, at least two
of them fatally.
The victims were all caught by tho
collapstng walls of Mistrot Brothers
store, while engaged in carrying the
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
Disorders Almost Bordering
on a Riot Witnessed in
the House.

DEMOCRATS CONDUCTED A FILL
BUSTER WHICH sTRANeLED
PERMANENT TARIFF BOARD
BILL, WHILE THE SENATE RE-
FUSED TO CONSIDER THE Reel
PRocITY BILL-THE PRESIDENT
CALLS EXTRA SESSION APRIL 4.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05

Washington, March 4.-Gen. Joseph
Warren Keifer, member of congress
from Ohio and an speaker of the
house Of representatives, becomes a
private citizen through the closing of
the present congress and will probab-
ly. never again occupy a public posi-
ton owing to his advanced age. He
was speaker of the Forty seventh con-
gress and won a wide reputation for
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05
ENDED On EXCITEMENT.

The old congress ended amid scenes
Of excitement In the house the dis
order. at the time OF the closing hours
when the successful nlibuster against
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1911-03-05

Continued On page sIxsssn.l
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
Advertised Letters

Following is a list of letters remain
ing uncalled for in the postoffice at
Rock Island for the week ending Nov.
IS, 1911: Mrs Scott c. Ashmore, Mrs.
George Aten, Mrs. c. 3. Allars, Miss
Hazel Anderson, Charles Beaufort d
E. Butler, ]. W. Breckenridge, Mrs.
Irene Berry, Mrs. E. NJ. Neil Cary,
Mrs. J. II. Conley, Kali Clausen. Peter
De Vrieze, Anna Davis, Miss Gertrude
Driese, Mrs. Helen Etzel, William Ed
wards, ZotiqUe Either, Robert Erick-
son, Mrs. Blanche Fisher, c. r. Frank
lin, Alvin E. Griggs, William HallDerg,
K Haynes, Sam Hill, Miss Grace Jack
son, Mrs. F. Jamison, ]. Kateapuer, 4.
NJ. Kingcaid, Ray Kendall, L. Lyon,
Charles w. Lane, Amos Mills, Moore
meat market, Harvey Marriott, w. s.
Manbeck, F. H Mathison, Martin Oh
son, Mrs. Ethel Phelps, Mrs. Lane Per
kins, Mrs. Lizzie Smith, Mr. Strobe,
Mrs. D. Swanson, J. Schnier Star Ad-
vertising bureau, Auzy Taylor, Harye
Trotter, II. C. Wilson, Mrs. c. p.
Woof. w. A. White, B. ]. Yeager.
FOTeign-Hector Bultynch, Alois
Gryspeerdt, Mrs. Duia Hunt, John Nc
Gurnaghan, Frank Szuts
II. A J. M'DONALD, Postmaster.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
AN EASY AND HARMLESS WAY
TO DARKEN THE HAIR.

Who does not know Of the vatoe d
sage and sulphur for kesping The hair
dark, soft, glossy and in good eondition1
As matter of fact, sulphur Is q natural
element of hair, and q deficiency Of R
IN the hair Is held By many scalp spe-
ciaIists TO be connected with loss Of
color and vitality of the hair. Unq1eR-
tionably, there is no better remedy for
hair and scalp troubles, especially preme-
ture gTsyness, than sage and sulphur, II
properly prepared The Wyeth Chemical
Company, "a CortlaGdt St, New York
City, pat Cd an ideal preparation Of this
Had, called Hypth's Sage and Sulphur.
1t is sold by all leading druggists for
Soc and 500 q bottle. or Is sent direct
5y the manufacturers upon recipe a
REScs.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
AT THE ILLINOIS.

The Fortune Hunter" the delight
full. sympathetic, fOuract comedy, fun
Of human interest, Of love, Of original
ity. tells a story of every day people
80 naturally yet fOrcefully that it gets
a grip on ones heart tina, cannot be
effaced. The play was produced in
New York in September. 1910. by Co
han & Harris, who relied absolutely
and entirely on their own Judgment
both IN their selection Of play and
actors. The first production Of The
Fortune Hunter was given in Atlantic
city. n J.. March u. 1909 A tour Of
FIVE weeks in cities near New York
= as made and the play was then with
drawn for the summer for it's opening
AT the Gaiety theatre. New York. on
the following Labor day. 1t scored an
Instant success in New York and con
tiuued at the Gaiety theatre for two
years. The Chicago company was
formed and. justifying the Judgment Of
COhan & Harris. this company played
eight months a the Olympic theatre.
Chicago. where II broke all records for
that city. 10 play ever bCE-i IN mid
winter. then passed 10 and through
AAh lOllON ~ SEil-AAitls y 81 ti--4-N.la
Smiths comedy began Dec. &c. 1909.
in Chicago. met aH newcomers for
favor. played TO ggu.-Z.-a.a capacity
throughout lis ruu. was unaffected By
the hottest weather and when other
theatres were forced 10 close for the
usual summer period, showed impetus
rather than loss Of patronage, and It's
run was not closed by desire o. CohaD
x Harris or the Olympic managers.
but because bookings made earlier in
the spriug could not be broken and
other cities demanded that the play
he brought there. The books Of The
theatre showed that nearly 100000 per
sons saw The Fortune Hunter dur
ing the Chicago run. Cohan & Harris
are 20 offer the play a the Illinois
tomorrow night.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

the purpose Of the payment of said
overdue, current AID anticipated bills
and salaries and the conduct of tic
business of said city, o sum not in
excess Of twenty-five thousand dol
lars (S25,0OO.0O) on its orders on the
city treasurer duly authorized ana
executed in the following proportions
tO-wit:
State Bank Of Rock Island,
IL. not TO exceed ..........$4 $4,000. 90
Rock Island National Bank,
not to exceed. ............ 1000 OF
Central Trust & Savings
Bank, not to exceed ........ 10000
Peoples National Bank. not
to exceed. ................. 5000 %
Rock Island Savings Bank,
not to exceed ............ 100000
Therefore, Be it resolved by the
council Of the city of Rock Island
H. in open meeting, that the above
named banks are hereby requested 10
cash the orders on said city treasurer
issued in compliance with the above
understanding and in consideration
thereof and OF said sum TO be ad-
vanced by said banks. we, the council
Of the city OF Rock Island, Ill, and
the officers of said city, do hereby
agree TO and with said banks and
each of them that they shall receive
payment for the orders so held re-
spectiyely out Of the funds accruing
and to accrue to the said city of
Rock Island, from the tax levy now
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
Municipal Matters

City Council Chambe-, Rock Island
IL, Nov. l3, 19l1.-The city council
met in regular session at 3 o'clock
p. n, Mayor Schriver presiding, with
Commissioners R-dgrel, Hart. Rey-
nolds and Bear present.
The clerk read the minutes of the
regular meeting held Nov. s, and the
special meeting ned Nov. Z, 1911,
which were approved.
Commissioner Reynolds read a re-
To-t r. awe TO work in the street de
pa.t-eut for the mouth of October
and n his motion, which was adopted
by unanimous vote, the report was
received and placed on file.
Commissioner Hart read a report
relative 70 the cost Of feeding city
prisoners.
Con missioner Hart made a verbal
report relative to his trip 10 Spring
field in the interest of an ordinance
governing weights and measures.
Commissioner Reynolds offered a
resolution that the official bond OF
Martin T. Rudgren as city clerk and
collector. furnished by the Fidelity &
Deposit company OF Maryland, be ac-
cepted by the city of Rock Island.
Adopted by unanimous vote.
Commissioner Rudgren submitted
an ordinance which was Immediately
considered and adopted by unanimous
vote allowing labor payroll for the
week ending Nov. II, 1911, as fol
lows:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
5000 ACTORS OUT OF WORK.

New Gc-k. Nov. oc.-Eighty-fve
high grade actors. all out OF jobs. sat
down 20 "La-j luck" dinner last
night At the Lambs club and told
over tLei- coffee and c!garets how
they traEe-sed she road from the
footi!=L-s to the dining tables. Not
q U2a drawing salary was permitted
st tae board. Plans for the dinner,
which led geou guarded with sec
.ecy, disclosed the fact that never in
rbe history OF the club have so many
O. its members been orr Of employ
Ucrt Tho IS are only o small per
cent OF those who have failed TO find
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

work this season or who have lost
their jobs because of hard times.
Over one-third of the actors and ac-
tresses in the United States are with
out employment THE affair was
started through a jest made by one
of the unemployed" said a member
of the club last night, and the idea
grew until the dinner was the out
come Conditions and their causes
were discussed. In all truth the sit
uation is serious and the future is
not pleasant to contemplate" An
investigation discloses that the the
atrical business in America is at the
lowest ebb since 1903. and that it
is likely to grow worse. Managers
whose standing is unQuestioned and
who are the acknowledged leaders Of
the world of drama give figures
which bear out these contentious.
Naturally they do not care to be
quoted. From these managers and
other equally reliable sources it was
learned that over 5000 out of the
$4,000 players in this country are
now out of Jobs. More than this
there is no relief in sight. OF the
5000 about $50 are men and wo-
men who receive large salaries.
Those who attended the hard
luck" dinner are all we'll paid men.
Their salaries run from SIS to $3.50
a week. The moment New York sue
cesses are sent on the road they
play TO exceedingly small receipts.
Half a dozen big successes could be
named which are playing to an av-
erage Of $40O night. In normal
times they take in $1,000. Either
people outside New York haven't the
money to spend for amusements or
they won't spend II. No business is
being done in the one night stands,
hence the shows are being thrown
into the larger centers. None of the
shows makes money. In the middle
west one of the best known Ameri-
can stars played a week to $3.50.
After the house got its share he
didn't have enough left to pay sal
aries and advertising.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
Faulty Count Lost Election.

Springfield. Nov. 20.-To right an
unintentional wrong done Norman
Waltrip of Whitehall, it is probable he
will be elected unanimously as grand
Junior warden OF the grand encamp-
ment of Illinois Odd Fellows at the
session here this week. Although Wal.
trip led the field on the first four bal
lots last year, the victory finally went
to A. J. Mourer Of Eureka Some
months afterward an inspection Of the
tally sheets is said 10 have revealed
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

made and to be collected during the
spring of the year. A. D., 1912. anG
we do further hereby agree and each
of Us with said banks and each Of
them that they shall be paid interest
on the orders held by them from the
time said orders were cashed until
redeemed and paid as above provided
at the rate of six 90 per cent per
annum:
And as an evidence of said agree
ment, we, the said city council Of
the city of Rock Island and the Off
GERS Of said city, hereby agree to
and with said banks that the above
agreement is to be kept in every par
ticular and have caused this agree
ment to be executed in quintuplicate
and agree that each bank is to be
furnished with a fully executed copy
thereof.
(Signed) NJ T. RUDGREN,
HARRY NJ. SCHRIVER, City Clerk.
Mayor.
OSCAR o. Lift,
City Treasurer.
VI. T. RUDGREN,
ARCHIE HART,
ROBT. r REYNOLDS,
JONAS BEAR,
Commits sioners.
Commissioner Bear offered a reso-
luton that the following persons be
allowed the amounts set opposite
their names, tO-wit: Mrs. Cohn. $40;
A J. Riess So; William UlIemeyer,
So; Mollie Dockterman, s.. Adopted
by unanimous vote.
Commissioner Reynolds offered a
resolution that he be authorized TO
dispose of the old worn out hose now
at the city barn and the receipts from
such be turned into the sewer ac-
count. Adopted by unanimous vote.
Commissioner Bear submitted a re-
port recommending that the bid Of
P. F. Trenkenschuh for laying a g.
inch water main on Eighth street,
between Fourth and Fifth avenues,
De accepted and a contract drawn up
accordingly. Adopted by unanimous
vote.
Commissioner Bear submitted a re-
port recommending that the bid Of
Reddig & Co. for laying a 6-inch wa
ter main on Second street in Shines
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

Commissioner RudgTen offered The
following resolution which was on
his motion, adopted by unanimous
vote:
Rock Island, H.. Nov. 13, 1911
Whereas an exigency exists by
reason of the lack Of funds in the
city treasury OF the city OF Rock Is
land. IL, for the payment Of overdue.
current and anticipated bills and sal
aries and for the conduct Of the bust
ness Of said city of Rock Island, IN
GLIDING the maintenance Of the fire.
police. water. health and all other de-
partments OF said city:
And whereas, the State Bank of
Rock Island, the Rock Island National
Bank, the Central Trust & Savings
Bank, the Peoples National Bank and
the Rock Island Savings Bank, all
banking corporations CT the city If
Rock Island. IL. have expressed a
willingness and nov agree 10 advance
10 the said City OF Rock Island, for
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
MRS. YEAMANs HAS PARTY.

Hartford, Conn, Nov. 20.-Sur-
rounded by her friends and co-work-
ers of a generation ago, Mrs. Annie
Yeamans, the grand old lady of the
American stage" celebrated her 18th
birthday here yesterday. The feat
ure of the day was a stage party"
given by Mrs. Yeamans for her play
er friends. Here Fluctuations were
exchanged and Mrs. Yeamans spoke
briefly saying she was still young and
was never going TO grow old.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

prisoners innocent of the crime for
which they were convicted. The pO-
Ice fell in with the scheme very read
lily. as the New York policemen have
very ambitious dramatic society.
The main difficulty lay in securing the
crooks. Paul Armstrong. one of the
authors, secured the release of one of
'erder on probation, promising TO give
him work and to care for his moral
welfare. The crook repaid the play
wrights trust by 6mGshing me plate
glass window Of o jewClry shop in an
"ldeaygr 70 rob the place. He was
caught and sent back 10 jail No
further effort was made to secure real
crooks for this special performance
ard Tie project leu through. The
Deep Purple" with the Iie5ler & Co.
metropolitan cast. Is 70 be presented
at the Illinois mex Friday might
Get Rich C-fcI. Wallingford, 90
George u. Cohau's mucn heralded com
c6y. is announced for presentation at
The Illinois next SUNDAY. No play pro
ducgI IL recent Seasons has received
the stamp OF unqualified pablo ap-
Proval with the convincing certainty
that is evidenced II the applause and
appreciation Of au-zeue-t seekers as
they view the Iu.g.5i-s of the story
that is woven around J Rufus Wall
mEsord.s promote. 81 shady financial
deals. The methods he rursIcs and
III aVidlty Of the -1uil-e. We, hard 20
convince. s2ecu.at-~s WHO. While they
would like 10 set something Ike -
n~- cent Returns on their invest :eu-s.
get hesitate 70 take . chance. IS the
story Of many men of today who seek
70 acquire wealth by sUTeptitiOus
route. II tho excellent company which
Easz-s. Col1- e Harris have assem-
rjed fer the .r.s.-. alton o. Get Rich
Quick WalHreford- are such well
known players IS joseph Manning. Ed
wand Delaney. Harry O. Taylor. John
Morris. WHHe Solar. Calvin Tibet.
ET5l ~u p. Conoe~y. Charles Diem.
Martin Na1'oy. Rose Luhoa. Maude
Tr-az. Aiiae Ba-dett ana Eliza Mason.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

addition be accepted and a contract
Lrawn w accordingly. Adopted by
unanimous vote.
Adjourned on motion Of Commits
siOner Reynolds.
NJ. T. RUDGREN,
City Clerk
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

One Of the iEteres i19 plans Of the
two authors If The Deep Purple" Dur
ms that plays biz rE1 in New York,
- Is TO give g performance of the play
with real policemen in The policemen
parts ard real crooks g. the crook
parts. tho proceeds 20 go -c e socie.y
interested +r procuring tEr release OF
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20

that Waltrip and not Mourer had beer
elected
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
At THE ILLT<OTs.

AT TIE ILLTSCTs.
Nov. 21-"The Fortune Hunter"
Nov. 24-"The Deep Purple"
Nov. 26-"Get Rich Quick WaIling
FORD"
Nov. 2S-"Polly of the Circus"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-11-20
THE EMPIRE

Daily vaudeville performances az
800 and 6:I5.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-09-09
GOVERNORS CANE
Relic of Unhonored Executive Is
 Given to the State

Montgomery, September S.-(SpecIai)- handsome mahogany cane, once Tn rne possession of Samuel B. Moore, a gov eri.or of Alabama, has been presenteo to the state department of archives and n:s- tory by Mrs. M. l.. Stansel of Carron,on, Pickers county The cane was given to Colonel Stansel. husband of Mrs stan- sel. shortly before the death of the dis tingrished Alabama executive.
 Governor Moore was at the head of the state government in 1881, having lived most Of his life in Pickens county, though Q native of Franklin county. Tennes- see. He was born in Tennessee In the waning days of the eighteenth century, dyipe in Alabama November ', 1S46.
 An interesting fact connected with Gov ernor Moore is that his grave Is one of the three unmarked graves of Alabama governors. The recent legislature at ternpted to remedy the oversight, and it is expected that the necessary appropria- ton will be granted at the next session of the state solons.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-09-09
BIRMINGHAM DIES
 FROM HIS INJURIES
Assistant Plumbing Inspector Was ;. ThrownlFrom Motorcycle Two itS Weeks Ago

Emory Norris Birmingham, assistant city plumbing inspector, died yesterday afternoon at St. Vincent's hospital as a result of injuries received when he fell from a motorcycle he was riding lear his home at East Thomas about two weeks ago.
 1 MT. Birmingham was 39 years of age, and had been connected with the inspect ing department of the city for the past year and a half. He had been a resident of Birmingham for about 13 years, and was one of the most popular employees at the city hall.
 The funeral services over the body Of MT. Birmingham will be held tomorrow afternoon from his late residence near East Thomas. Interment will be in Elm wood cemetery.
 MT. Birmingham is survived by his widow and two daughters, Miss Esther and Miss Vivian Birmingham, aged II and ls years He+also has three brothers, who survive him.
 About two weeks ago MT. Birmingham was riding motorcycle near his home, and coming down a slight incline. As he neared the foot of the hill a horse sud- denly stepped out from the side of the road and MT. Birmingham struck the an- imal He was thrown to the ground and suffered a fractured skull and con cussion of the brain. He was hurried to a hospital, but no hope was held out for his recovery. It is considered remark able that Mr. Birmingham lived as long as he did.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-09-09
HONOR MEMORY OF
 MEXICAN HEROES

Mexico City, September S.-The memory of Mexico's heroes who fell in defense of .Chepultepec during Scott's assault upon that historic hill in 1S47 was honored today with music and oratory. Special tribute was paid to the cadets of the military college who were killed in the last des- perate stand of the Mexicans.
 Col. Samuel Garcia Cuellar, who com msnded the federals at Casa Grandes in the recent revolution, delivered the me moral oration President De La Barra was present with members of his cabinet. The observance of the day a year ago with General Diaz presiding was one of the features of the centennial.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-09-09
Personal and Social

| Miss Bertha McCullers of Wetumpka
 has returned to her home after a deiigat- | ful months visit to her cousin, Miss Anna Rogers. During her visit she has seen
 honored by many pretty entertainments l and parties
 l Miss Susie Spence has returned after a l delightful visit to Nashville, where sine was recipient of many honors and par ties given in her honor.
 Prof. w. T.. Smith has been appointed principal of the Ensley Bush school. The Adelphia club has disbanded and will not give, in the future, any more dances and other entertainments. -ae dance which was to have been given fast night, was not given on this account. Mrs. Henry Allen of Fairview has re- turned after visit to Georgia. Reports have been received from J. H. Sheldon in Denver announcing that he IS
 proving rapidly, and IS feeling much better. MT. Sheldon left some time ago
 in search of health to Colorado He will
 be there for some time
 Miss Dora Cohen will return Sunday to her home in Atlanta after months s visit to MT. and Mrs. I. c. coplon at their home on Avenue l. Dr. E. T. Fields is in Montgomery in interest of Ensley and Pratt City in
 the appointment of the excisemen. He will probably return before Sunday. H. H. Mcdowell Is In Montgomery, comforting with Governor ONeal about the appointment of the excisemen He will return Sunday.
 Miss Marie Broadnax has returned after three weeks visit to Miss Rob- bins In Selma and Mrs. Joe Robbins of Marion. The contest In attendance between the Ants and the Bees of the First Methodist church of Ensley' will close Monday. At the regular meeting of the Home Mission society on Monday the leaders of the two factions will make
 a report and the winner will be de- cided upon. The contest has been hotly waged.