davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
ASSOCIATION WILL MEET IN
HOLDENVILLE NEXT YEAR
Thanks to GvihTIe's FoderaIsit
Local Officials. President
Is Commended

Oliaers elected for the state asso-
lciation OF postmasters, first and sec
fond classes, today resulted rs fol-
lows:
4 HI Jennings, president, Claremore.
! III S. lioEkes, secretary, Duncan;
4 drst vice president, r. A Felt, Hen-
inessey. second yice president. Chas.
is. Watson, III Reno: third Vice pres
|ident ], Al. Kirk, Bartlesville: fourth
lyice president, r. q. Hysmith, Over
ton; fifth vice president. Cash cade,
Jr, Shawnee.
Resolutions passed this afternoon,
Hat the final session, rendered thanks
to the mayor and citizens Of Guthrie,
Ito Postmaster Mccoy and force, and
Inspector Leaty, endorsed the action
or the president and postmaster gen
eral FL classifying all postmasterS
under civil service qualifications: en-
dOrsed the ee0n0my program OF POST
master General HigcAcocl
The association n to meet Ak Hold
enville, Sept Z, 1912.
Enrolment of the members occu.
pied the greater part Of the session
yesterday afternoon, President h. AL
Parkinson OIL Lawton. was unable ~
attend, owing to illness. and his
place was taken by Chas. Watson. Of
El Reno An address OF welcome was
made by Mayor j ~ Nissiey and
response was given by If Jennings
OF Claremore, secretary-treasufer
Several musical numbers by Miss
Charlotte Barikiss, of nnncan. Miss
LEILA Mcpherson and Miss Knighton
of Guthrie followed ~ Clark, Of Me-
Alester and FRANK Grer and John
Golobie were on the program with
short addresses
postnRstars Randall Of BLACKWELL.
Banko. ot kingfisher, isaniapefsDp y
Talala. Clark, OF McAlester ana Btls'
OF NARROW ana a committee on reso-
lutions made M nl Felt, oI iennesseA
Kirk. OF BartlesvilIe, Rowley, ot
Kiowa and Cade OF shawnee
Addresses we're made by VIM Nc
Gov, ol Guthrie, on Efficiency and
Postmaster Deeds, of Land
saw. on General Delivery and py
Postmaster Gillette on The Adyan
faVes and DISADVANTAGES OF ~uusisy
Closing RI " Leahy, postolliee ~
gpeetor. with headquarters mere iuen
fook charge 81 the query box until
q 30 when the convention adjourned
no the Capital city Cafe for 2 ouilet
lunch and smoker
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
LAYTON CHARTER WINS.
Council Gangs Fight on Commission
Plan Fails Miseraby'
sneoiaI "a tbe Dailv Leader.

SDpClal TO INe 1JdRtN i~fNNNt.
a.awton. okla Sept. S.-Wlth q
vote ef z24 favorable and 264 oppos-
inc fhe city OF Lawton Thursday
adopted charter providing for COM
mission form Of government Every
ward in the city, except the Fourth
which contains the trans ent vote,
gave aa overwhelming majority Tor
the charter Ill Fha Fourth II garIi-
ed H. vote The total vote oI 8ea
Is about one hundred Snort of nor,
NAL hul more han one handred
votes which would have been cast
were eliminated through conflicts ln
registration.
a bitter ign was made on The
charter by administrat ON forces, Dul
every newspaper in town favored It's
adoption and q recent report Of
special auditor. together with the
fact that Mayor G.. n Block had to
he mandamused to force the eiec-
tion, cinched' the result
A court fight is still threatened
before the change is accomplished
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
GREAT BATTLE OF COUNSEL
WELL STARTED YESTERDAY
Able Virginia Lawyers Speaking
defense Attacks Paul
BGdiiIe'S Story
&c Asaociatha - ]


Chesterfield County House, Vas.
Sept SILT Is within the range OF
probability that before midnight Hem
ry Clay Baattie, .Jr, VIII know his
fate
"k expect the case to go to the jury
tonight, said Judge Watson at the
conyenine of court today 4but this
cannot accurately be foret0ld, since
the arguments are not limited as To
time
For FIVE hours in 2 hot court room
Attorney Hin Carts with q pathetic
plea ana argumen sought 20 con-
vince twelve jurors chat Beattie IS
not guilty Of the murder of his Wife,
who was shot to death while motor
ing with her husband last July Az
sunset, Mr. Carter concluded and to-
day the great battle Of the trial the
clash between Harry N Smith, jre Of
the defense, and IL @ Wendeprg oi
the colnnonw weaith, close fHienas ana
notable LAWYERS WAS started.
From the depth Of an argument iil
which he unsp1ringly denounced faht
Beattie, cousin of the accused ana
principal witness against him as
weakline and falsitier, MT Carter at
times fairly shouted to tie jury as
he leaned over the bar but when the
day was drawing to close his voice
sank to whisper Of impassioned ap'
The dar began with reading, by
Judge watson, Of Instructions to the
lury. Attention was drawn to the
frailtv 81 the alleged confession "a
Henry to Paul. and The manner N
which ii came, namely in Jail from
an incarcerated witness to the coin-
monwealths attorney Other points
ii tbe STORY cf paul relating to meet
ine or the two cousins alone unsup,
norted by witnesses. were held up rs
realirina a careful scrutiny.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
BANK CASHIER SCAREs
AWAY DAYLIGHT BANDIT
Man in M a k Demands
Teller's Pile and Then Gazes
Into Young Cannon
(l3y Associated pressJ

Laurel, Maryland sept. 6-A
masked man entered The Citizens
National bank here today and, ~
ibe point OF revolver, demanded
the money lying beside the teller,
The cashier drew a revolver and fir
ed two shots at the daylight bandit
and put him TO flight before he could
secure fhe money a posse Us pui.
suing.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
coy KILLS A BRIDE.
Tragedy in Arkansas Due to Reck-
less Shooting.

Special TO he Daily Leader
Waldron, Ark. Sept S-Mrs I.or.
ena Rnpp, aged ld years. was shot
and Killed near Abbott several miles
northwest by George ItatcapaugP,
aged ? years Mrs. Ranp was pic
ne cotton and the boy was at play
with riile, shooting at a target.
One Shot went wild and struck Mrs.
Rupp in the head Mr. Rupp was
two months ago.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
MARrINOALe COMING HOME.
Injured Manufacture and Wife Left
Hospital at Eureka, CalN.

Word WAS received here last night
that SIR and Mrs q. H. M2rtlndaie
nad leet lhe hosBlal .n Eureka, Cal
and were on their way home Mr.
Martiadales broken limb Is healing
alcely and it WAS thought 10 be safe
to attempt tbe journey to Gnihfie
They are expected to arrive here
about sunday
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
BOOKS CASE SOON
cuinton Preacher to be Tried IN the
Dietrict Court Here.

II Il understood that the trial Of
raw Il Il. Doaks. pastor Of the N, n.
church. south, Of Quinton will occur
during the next term of the district
eourt Doake until recently has been
III iail here awaiting trial on 4
charge of naltreating Pearl Carpeh-
fer. + l2-yearold girl, after he h2d
taken her from the orphans home tor
TIE purpose OF adopting her Il Is
said ghe 4 the aaughter OF that Cars
panfer who was klled by United
states marhsals during am attempt
M rob the bank ut Idwah
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
Q Q @ @ . 0 Q 6 Q Q 0 Q 0
PLOT TO DYNAMITE
CHARLESTON NAVY
YARD REVEALED

. Boston Sept. s-An apparent
g plot TO dynamite the lower end
9 Of the Charleston navy yard was
g discovered when three heavy |
y sticks of dynamite were acci-
|; dentally found in the gigantic +;
g floating crane in the yard by
= workmen.
. The lives Of 500 men We're en-.
q daHgered The dynamite was {
. seereted in the frame work OF {
= the crane and two workmen We're {
. welding hammers about a foot {
, awaS One of them happened 10 {
, examine the place be was next {
, going TO hammer and saw the eX- c
; plosive {
, The officials ot the yard We're
notified Experts of the HUN di {
vision hurried to the scene. With c
: the greatest precaution the dyna !.
; mite was removed A rigid ex {
, animation was at once begun {.
} among the W0rkmen They all I
! professed surprise and denied 6
connection with the dynamite 6
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
N. j. D. LANDSCAPE PLANS
Surveyors Work on Scheme to Connect Cam
pus, Parks and Principal Streets--Build-
ings to Go Up Soon.

tentcn oi both The city and uniFer-
y authorities to take advantage Of
au natural beauty of DE landscape
ia uiau1ins parknez and drives
The PROPOSED ampiineafre 20 pc
built with concrete on t3aiFersity
Hil fs be using oHt express ioGs ot
appr0hations and ID Is h0ugh that
the idea sin be carried 90 a success
ful termination WITH the adoption
OF a fixed idea and scheme 81 arch
lteuure. re Be carried oul in an the
build uss the campus viii present
a. appearance that VIII mark it an
crsr the West The naur4l advaut-
aces for landscapes work are not ex-
celled anywhere in this section OF
the country. and the cost Of orinsins
them ont will be small.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
. . . . . 0 0 . . . Q . > !
HAS SYMPATHY
EQp EArFR 0E

o FOR LEADER or
q DENVER POLICE
IsJ Los Angeles, Sept s. Poor,
g misguided police chief was
C one once myself" groaned Chief
~ Scbastian today, when he read ]
- that Che Denver police chiei
q was going to put male fllrts on
g The force to capture Tie women !
q mashers
G Tell him to limit this DEPART
q ment to one lone officer assure !
. him 81 my sincere sympathy Tor
$ him In what he's up against 'Io .
g be sure they're needed, but All !
q Colorado Will PC ON bis neck ~
e no time II he tries 20 squeleh the Z
& female masher Believe me- ! !
q know. We had nine llirts af :
q one time on the force, but now, T
es than& tine Lord, VIC only haNe !.
g one. and ne keeps me humping Z
g the bumps all the time
q Every woman has the COD &
q givcn right to address any mare |.
q on the street, but no male mas !.
3 any kind of a right 20 approach Y
@ a woman That seems 70 pe tle !.
9 theory on which we have to :. :
. WORK :
!, !, O 9 o @ @ @ O @ 9 Q @ c @ 9
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
SIXTEEN DEAD FOUND.
Theatre El Dorado, Nice, coIlapses,
Burying Forty WorNmen.
INV Associated Press,l

Nice France Sept s. Theatre III
Dorado collapsed here today bury
ing forty-iour workmen in It's ruins
Sixteen have been taken out dead At
3 O'Clock This afternoon
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08
pREseYTERY HERE.
okl,homa Body to Assemble IN the
Presbyterian Church Sept. y.

on September t8 TO q inclusiTa
tho presbytefy of Oklahoma VIA
meet Ia this city From atty TO six
tv delegates win be present ~ the
eo4sIons ia he Presbyterian church
Rev II. % scott. pastor OK taat
church, IS completing the arrange.
ments ior the aceommodat on O
the guests and he anticipates good
meeting
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08

Misses eEue RateliT and Aima
Carson are attending the institute fog
cify teachers 90 the Hughes ligH
school Cincinnati. Ohio. and Hill Wis
De- schools in Indianapolis before ro
turning 10 G1thrle-
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08

Q Q . Q 3 Q Q 9 @ . @ Q 0 c
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1911-09-08

) . . 8 . . Q 9 Q 3 . Q 8 Q 8
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
Table Etiquette.

Assume an erect position while eat
ing at the table. Do not lounge in the
chair or do not lean forward to meet
your lifted fork
A gentleman always remains stand
ing until every lady at the table is
seated.
Place the chair so that the waist or
chest is about eight inches from the
table. Closer seating throws out the
elbows, and chair farther removed
makes its occupant crook the back in
most awkward fashion.
Do not fill nanseS in the conversa
ton by trifing with the silver or
clinking the glasses unless you are
willing TO be considered i'll bred.
Remember that d rcpoSCfui bearing
at table invariably marks the man or
woman Of rptinemCnt.
Be careful to introduce iato your
conversation oHly such subjects as
shall prove harmonious and sha! in
no wise enihaYrass or offend any one
at the table
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
LAUGHTER a Good Wesnon

The woman who can hide her sor-
row in laughter IS a pubic benefactor
Tears are the weapon of the weak. but
the strong woman smiles and turns
life's rebuffS With skill into laughter
In fact, laughter is one Of the best
weapons with which woman can
fight her way in the world No one
likes a long. doleful face, tears or .
tale Of woe. Every one likes a bright
smile and cheeriness. Possibly people
may think you have no heart when
you try to hide your sorrow, but it is
better to face this false criticism than
to bore people with your troubles 1t
is best to sorrow and grieve in secret.
A brave woman who hides her suffer
ing, be it mental or physical, by a
bright smile and wholesome laughter
will gain far more sympathy than the
one who weeps or can talk of nothing
but her misfortunes.
Giggling and tittering are strange
abortions of the beautiful art Of laugh
ter.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
Go I'D Form IN Mourning.

Personal frrlin= and eXpediency are
Il far larger determining force in the
wearing ot mnrlTIing in these eniGht-
enci GuvS than formerly 1t is only
in Il cCm,'nrHtir"I; frVt cases that the
widows cap i Worn Row. whereas hf
ty years ago 'V",I thr girl widow wore
II as II rnAttpr of rOurSc The fine
white iaN'u cullar ana cuffs that are
so bc"Onirc ar" 50 fragile also that
they require 10 he clauged rppeatediy.
ana tlU| i r0t!"> iu pass that they
are not invariably added to the wild
Ow'S costume in these utilitarian
days, But to be in accordance with
strict etiquette they should be worn
for one year and Il day after the be
reavement upon the dress deeply band
ed with Grape and with or without the
cap. After that time they may be
dropped If liked. but it should be re-
memberad that many widows continue
to wear them with their second years
mourning.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
mot Coal I4andS-07219)

Department of the Interior, u. S. Land
Office at LOS Angeles, Cal, Novem-
Der 8, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that MAUD
MAXWELL, of 1885 W. 23rd ST.. OF
Los Angeles, Cal, assignee OF Roberi
Barry, assignee of Daisy Calisher, as,
signee of Halbert &. Littlejohn. who
on Oct. 2S,1907, made Desert Land
Entry No. 41S4, for E1a NWA, VIZ
NEA, NEA NEA. Section 26, Town
ship 16 S., Range II E.. ). B. Merid-
ian, adjusted to resurvey to Tracts
As and 46, T. 16 S. R. IL E. S. B. M.
has filed notice of intention to make
Final Proof, to establish claim to the
land above described, before the Reg
ister and Receiver, United States Land
Office, at LOS Angeles, California, Oh
the goth day of December, 1911, at 10
o'clock am.
Claimant names as witnesses:
John l.. Markwell, of Los Angeles,
CAL: Nellie +. Minniear. of Los An
geles, Cal; Thomas 4. Cox, OF El Cen
tro, Cal: ]. S. Owen, OF Seeley, Cal.
FRANK 3UREN,
Dec. IA. Register.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
The Limit In Close BARGAINS.

"Over in my county" said the talker
in the hotel lobby. "we have thrifty
merchant, bachelor, now getting
along in years, who is noted for driv-
ing close bargains. He is straight rs Il
string in money matters, but a very
close harvester Of the coin. He pays
all his bills inside the thirty day limit
in order to get the cash discount. The
other day, meeting his favorite neph-
ew, he said, Andy, you've been a good
young man. and intend to remember
you in my will
"'That's nice of you, UNCLE said An
dy, but I'm having some hard luck
now, and if you could advance me
something it certainly would be help
full
Here was the opportunity of the un-
Gle, always on the lookout for a bar
gain, SO he said. Suppose l give it all
to you now, how much of discount
will you make ""-Indianapolis
News.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
mot coal la,nds-UI122)

(Not coal lands-UI128)
Department of the Interior, U. s.
Land Office at Los Angeles, Cal,
November 9, 1911.
Notice ls hereby given that DEN
TON d. COPENHAVER, of Imperial,
Cal, who, on October 25, 1907, made
Desert Land Entry, No 4176, Serial
No. 01128, for NEA NEA, Sec. "a, r.
16 S. R. IL E & SEA SWA, Sec. 1s,
NWA VIZ NEA, Sec 10, Township
16 S. Range 13 E. S.. B. Meridian, ad-
justed to Tracts 40 & Al, r. 16 s. R. 12
E. S. B. M, resurvey, has filed notice
of intention to make r'inaI Proof, to
establish claim to the land above de-
scribed, before the Clerk of the Su-
perior Court of Imperial county at Ell
Centro, California, on the 18th day of
December, 1911
Claimant names as witnesses:
Henry l.. Peck, of Imperial, Cal.
Rrue c. Harrington, of Imperial, Cal.
John w. Chappell, of Imperial, Cal.
Robert M. Davies, of Ell Centro, Cal.
FRANK BUREN,,
Dec. II. Register
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
MAIN I GNANCE OF EARTH
ROADS IN SOUTHERN STATES
Systematic Labor. Road Drass ana
Better Laws Needed.

1t matters not how active we are in
our efforts to encourage the construc-
uon OF ma macadam. gravel and other
hard surface roads. there will OF neces-
s1ty, for years to come, be greater
percentage Of earth roads in every
southern state.
The reasons for this are apparent to
any one ia miliar with conditions from
financial and population standpoint, to
5ay nothing of the lack Of road building
materfa that exists in q large plumber
Of counties.
We are Informed by the United
States office OF public roads, that the
ten southern states-nameiy, Alaba ma,
Arkansas. Florida. Georgia, Louisiana.
Mississippi. North Carolina. South Car.
DINA. Tennessee and Texas. had. in
1904. 472.5S9 miles Of nnimproyed
roads. Assuming that since then the
mileage of improved roads has doubled,
We will have left 45S,3sl miles If
these figures are approximately cor
rect. should not the question of the
proper construction and maintenance
OF these roads receive our most careful
ard thoughtful attention?
wonderful improvements have been
made in earth roads where common
sehSe men hay" used comtnon sense
Methods ot construction anu malnte-
nance, but so long as we are content
TO pace this important work in the
hands Of Incompetent or grating
po''i'r'ans. as is so often the case, we
cannot expect anything but the worst
All failures in this work are not due
TO graft. tor large majority of road
commissioners and overseers are hou-
est men. but as a rule they are elected
to office not because of their fitness
for the work. but because OF their per
sonai popularity. These evils, coupled
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
YUTIO EFFECT ON SKIRTS.

anu gradually becomes narrower to-
ward the waist line, is an Irish inser-
tion about two inches wide The
sleeves are tucked down the center, and
at the wrist is u three inch plated ruff
ile Of the matef';si
Flowers mad =, and worsted
come in wreath effects for trimming
the dainty bonnet shapes of the sea-
son.
A charming little hat Of the flower
pot variety has the top Of it's crown
made Of puffed black velvet. Below
this crown appear rows OF dull gold
lace slightly gathered around the
frame. The undertaking of the hat
Qhere is really no brim is of shirred
cream colOred chiffon.
Paul P0iret in his fail millinery crea-
tons is exploiting the same oriental
effects that are SO marked feature
OF his gowns. A hat seen recently
with his signature in the crown has
high upturned brim of sealskin. The
tall round crown is covered smoothly
with Bulgarian embroidery showing
subdued colorings. To further height
en- the effect there is scrawly pattern
done in dull gold soutache braid over
the embroidery. There is no trimming
save small black bird with outspread
wings perched at one side of the
crown.
Deep tunicss appear upon many Of
the newest skirts of suits and gowns
This skirt gives the tunic effect yet is
made all in one; consequently it can
be utilized for one material or for two,
and it is much more economical and
comfortable than the complete double
skirt would be. JUDO CHOLLET
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
DIRT ROAD IN GEORGIA,

with the statute labor system, have
fastened upou the south the very worst
earth roads In the nation.
The first and most important thing
to do is to change our laws, abolish
ing the statute labor system and sub
stituting therefor the cash tax system.
II this can be done and tbe work OF
improving and maintaining our roads
be placed in the hands OF men who
are engaged in no other occupa ton
and are required to give their full
should be satisfactory.
No earth road can be maintained IN
good condition unless it be 50 con
structed as TO drain well, and unless
it be kept free from ruts and holes.
The best method of maintaining an
earth ROAD. especially q prairie road
is by the systematic use of the road
drag. A sand road is never good I'm
Ger any circumstances. but certainty
is not improved by crowning. A SAND
road is at its best when moist. so 1t
should be left fat. No one wants a
sand road. SO. If possible, clay should
be added to- and mixed with the sand
making what is known as sand clay
road.
The old way. and it Is used today by
many. OF filling a mud hole witr brush
with little earth on top. cannot be
too strongly condemned. ana is only
permissible in cases OF emergency.
when il is Impossible to drain the hole
or to get sand or stone to fill it. The
Overseer or foreman should in dry
weather center mis- work on such
places until the road is raised to a
sufficient height to drain well. Many
overseerS have brush hauled two miles
to fill a mud hole. when sanG Is within
shOveling distance of it.
If our farmers do not take com
munity interest in the Improvement
OF the roads and put their shoulders
to the wheel we will surely remain
''stuck in the mud."-Good Roads.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
Good
! form,
Gene rn.ng Calling.

The "aftVrnnO:i r;,ll' Is doomed. and
few will Stiad tp.irs over ta passing
1t is 4 relic Of more ,piSurriy times
With It's Atruaphcre of H.,;i!cnlity
and affpvtation. It's inJel Of TONGUES
yoicing meaningless nltliinES, ii was Il
purely conyeHii0na. Junction. COnver
Sation. III he trll" sense Of the word
never rourished there. None went
away mentally richer than she came.
40 what may we attribute the de
cline of the afternoon ten party? Some
assert that the reason lies in the fail
ure of men to attend these functions
Women. they declare. become bored to
death ID each others society. and so
the ten party inevitably tended to dis
appear This is far from the truth
Women have never found so much
pleasure in each others society as they
do today.
Others see in it a decline of the
social instinct. This. again. is mis-
taken view on the face of it. The
modern oman ~ esgsoaia,ll G,eEari
Gus. The o.d fashioned stay III home
woman, who found complete satiSfac
ton and happiness within The foaI
walls of her own house, is almost obso-
lete Committees, clubs and social en-
tertainmentS Of all kinds fill large
proportion nf the twentieth century
woman's hours.
Imperial Valley press., 1911-11-29
Could Not Do Without Him.

Henry Austin was slow. His work
was always behind that of the neigh
boring farmers. although he always
got it done eventually. He had been
courting Jennie Blake for five years.
and at last they were to be married at
her home in the Stumpfield district.
two miles from his farm. On the even
ing on which the event was to take
place his neighbors, the Fosters. drove
by his house on their way to the wed
ding. Henry was just going to the
barn with his milking pail. Mr.. Fos-
ter shouted Where are you, Henry?
1 should think you would have been
there long ago"
Henry, equal to the occasion. re-
responded in his slow drawl. "Waal.
guess they won't do much business
fore l get there. youths Compan-
ion