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The Washington herald., 1911-06-11
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going on.-not only for the maints-
nance Of the existing cables. but for the
construction OF new ones. Indeed,
within the past dozen years there has
been something OF q boom in cable
laying despite the advent of the wire
less.
1t was only few years ago that
all the peoples of the globe were
brought into quick communication
with one another by means of the new
Pacific Cable which ranks as the long
est cable in the world. As a matter
Of fact, however, the Pacific Gable
IL a series Of cables rather than an
unbroken line and none of It's
stretches, such as that between the
United States and Hawaii, between
Hawaii and Wake Island. Wake Island
and Guam, or Guam and the Philip
pines, represents singlespan as great
as some of those of the trans-Atlan-
tic cables. for instance, the cable from
France to Cape Cod. Another not
able achievement Of the cable-laying
era was the expenditure of $15,ooo,-
600 for q cable from England to Aus
traHa, and the inception Of the am
bilious project Of our sister republic
Va = EouCS 70 CouncCb il1 CotOLlo8 py
cable system under its own control.
There are in existence In the world
today not less than thirtV-three pri-
vate or commercial cable companies
and they operate. all told. nearly four
hundred cables with an aggregate
lengt-i Of considerable more than u.s.
900 nautical miles. In the trans-At-
lantic field there are several COM
panies which have q dozen or more
cables apiece. each corporation oper-
ating from 5000 to $4,000 miles Of
cables. The Pacific cable company
that controls the line from San Fran
cisco to Manila has more than 10000
miles Of underwater telegraph lire.
OF the sixteen cables that cross the
Atlantic a dozen land on the shores
Of the United Kingdom Most OF
these have capacity of one hum
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

measures the degrees OF vanity which
are behind these two methods Of
plunging, since the high diver inva-
riably performs for the benefit OF the
admiring crowd that stands around.
Boys who try to float on a board in
deep water before they learn to swim
are just boys, and they can be reck-
oned with by q parent who knows
how to apply q shingIe. That Is the
surest and quickest means OF curb
ing their aquatic ambitions.
Some very interesting experiments
have been made of late by Professor
Kisstler Of the University OF Pennsyl-
vania, who has devoted much time and
study to the art. Of swimming. He de-
clares that pretty nearly any old
thing that floats Is a good life pre-
server. Recent experiments, he de-
clared, demonstrated that an ordinary
bicycle tire will support the weight Of
two persons in the water. The inner
tire Of an automobile, according to
the learned Quaker, is sufficient to
support three water logged swimmers
until resue can reach them. A bucket
he said is as good as an ordinary life
preserver II held bottom upwards with
the rim resting on the water. Until
the bucket Is allowed to fill with water
1t can be made to support e swimmer
with ease. An ordinary top, or silk
hat. he declares, Is an excellent life
preserver.
Other articles that he enumerates
are an umbrella and a toy balloon.
which he declares will keep the heav-
lest man or woman af1oat provided
they are held at the proper angle.
Few II any Of US will fail to re-
call this old nursery rhyme:
Mother, may go out to swim?"
Yes, my darling daughter;
Hang your clothes on q hickory limb,
But don't go near the water"
This bit Of sage advice is the most
sensible after all, and while 1t may
not afford all the keen delights Of a
plunge in the surf or to the muddy
bottom Of the "old swimming hole"
1t Is nevertheless safe and sane. II
needed there will be no need for life
guards, although the chances are that
Anthony Comstocks would spring up
in every community. especially those
where water Is to be found.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

cross and recross every body Of water
lying between the inhabited portions
OF the world Is found in the feet of
cable ships that may now be seen at
intervals on all international water
highways. The great commercial ca
bic companies maintain special ships
not only for laying cable but also for
cable REPAIRS frequent necessity.
Likewise national governments have
their own cable ships. Uncle Sam.
when he has occasion to lay q cable
such as the one to Alaska, is wont to
equip an army transport with the
necessary cable-laying machinery, but
In addition to such special craft the
War Department has In commission
at all times q feet of cable ships. the
special function of which Is to- lay
and maintain innumerable cables that
connect the different batteries Of our
sea coast defenses.
Every harbor Of Importance on our
oceanic coasts L. now guarded not
by q single fort but rather by q group
or system Of defensive works and In
order to permit "cross fire" and ef-
fectually command the harbor en-
trance. the batteries are. as q rule.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

manner. The guards are there for
that purpose and they generally adopt
tho safest and surest means Of bring
ing their burden to safety. They also
know the best means to adopt towards
resuscitating the person rescued. and
at many Of the resorts there are beach
hospital tents, with surgeons in con-
slant attendance, close at hand. There
the rescued are taken and everything
known to medical science tS done to
restore animation and expel the water
from the lungs and throat. In many
cases surgeons and guards work for
an hour over q victim before signs
Of life become manifest.
Last year thirty drownings, in
places many miles apart. were report
ed in a single column Of New York
newspaper. They were not suicides,
strictly speaking. although the moral
responsibility was not greatly differ
ent in many of the cases. But In
more than de instance the fatality
was not necessary. Many Of the cases
were pathetic and surprisingly 30.
Young women died clasped in each
others arms; playmates died trying
to rescue each other, yet in not q sin
gle case chronicled was It shown that
any intelligent or sane effort at res
cue had been made. Such toll as
this is shocking. accustomed as We
are to summer Sunday drownings.
As long as the heated term lasts
these tragedies will continue to multi
ply and little Or no advice Is needed
by those who venture in the water.
It is foolish to say that II children
are taught from infancy to swim
they will be better of. for the records
show that the majority Of drownings
are among those who are known as
expert swimmers. The majority Of ac-
cidents in the water comes from the
desire Of swimmers to make spectacu-
lar dives. Not content to climb to
dizzy heights at the waters edge and
leap feet first to the water, the more
foolhardy dive head foremost and in
many cases q broken neck follows.
None seems to realize that a sprained
ankle, as painful and inconvenient as
1t Is, Is far preferable to a broken
neck. The difference between a
broken neck and a sprained ankle
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

rescuers lose no time in seeking to
restore animation. These remedies
consist chiefly in expelling all the
water from the lungs OF the near
drowned. The old-fashioned system
of rolling the victim over q barrel Is
still In vogue. but nowadays even more
heroic treatment Is resorted to. BY
vigorously pumping up and down the
arms Of the PROSTATE on,, while an
other well kneads the chest Is most
effective in getting the lungs into
proper shape, and II this Is kept up
long enough they soon begin to per-
form their proper functions.
There are SO many "DON'TS" for
swimmers, experts and beginners. to
observe that 1t is impossible to enum-
crate them all here. By keeping cool
Rn6 exercising common sense many
non-swimmer could save the life OF
q person fioundering in the water.
An expert swimming instructor de-
clares that when man. woman or
child becomes exhausted in the water
they lose all sense OF reason. When
the person who swims to their rescue
approaches them they will invariably
seize the rescuer. and unless the lat
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

~HIS Is the season when tragedies
of the sea, river, creek and
swimming holes come to light
- and in almost every instance
some soul perishes for want of intel
ligent and timely assistance. Accord
ing to those who have made study
Of these fatalities, ninety out Of every
hundred persons drowned could have
been saved had those present exer-
cised a little presence Of mind instead
of becoming panic stricken. thus leav-
ing the struggling swimmer to his
fate.
Whereas many drownings annually
occur at the popular seaside resorts
yet the danger is less there than at
more isolated points, such as rivers,
mill ponds and creeks. At the resorts
there are always on duty capable
and well trained corps Of life savers
while in the latter places boys are
pretty much left to their own devices
and here is where the majority of the
tragedies are enacted. The life saw
ing corps at Atlantic City, Cape May,
Asbury Park and other New Jersey
resorts as well as those on the Mas
sachusetts. Rhode Island and Maine
coasts effect many wonderful rescues
each year. With them 1t is q busi-
ness-they call it a profession, and
maybe this is not a misnomer, for it
takes years Of training to fit them for
this noble and heroic work. They are
always commanded by veterans and
the rescues they effect are conducted
on thoroughly systematic and scten-
tifc lines.
The writer recalls a Sunday at At
lantic City a few years ago when the
beach was thronged with thousands
of bathers. The sea was rough and
choppy, with heavy undertow run
Ming Guards were stationed at brief
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

in the water to warn all good
swimmers and novices alike to keep
within the breakers and not venture
out to depth over their heads. That
164 rescues were made by this
little band Of life savers before the
bathing hour closed. That afternoon.
while the guards were or duty four
teen drownings were reported. In
each instance the persons drowned
were members of q party OF excur-
sionists from q far Western city who
reached the shore too late for q morn
ing plunge. After partaking of q
heavy and midday dinner they made
a rush for the beach and plunged into
or the fact that It Is dangerous to
enter deep water Immediately after
eating. An were seized with cramps
and unable to help themselves or each
other they were swept out by the un-
dertow and persisted in full view of
the thousands who thronged the rail
of tho Boardwalk.
One Of the noblest- organizations re-
Gently effected In this country is the
Volunteer Life Saving Corps which Is
doing magnificent work. For the most
part its ranks are recruited with
young men and boys living adjacent
to the waterways, and 30 far their
rescues have run high into the thou
sands. Congress has beon quick to
recognise the valiant work OF this
corps and many medals have been
awarded its members for the lives
they saved. The organization In ma
tional In scope and its branche5 ex-
tend all over the country.
The accompanying illustrations VIII
go far towards giving the reader an
intelligent idea OF how the work Of
rescue should be carried on. After
getting the victim safely to land the
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

at once.
Wrenching one arm free he dealt
the young woman a blow In the face
sufficiently heavy to render her un-
conscious. The guard buoyed her up
with one hand and with the free arm
swan with her to the shore. The
crowd which had witnessed the res
cue and the blow that preceded was
at frs: indignant and loud in denounc-
inG the guard. But many were pres
en- who realized that tho guard had
adopted the only course open to him
and among them the girls father. who
rewarded the guard with a good fat
purse.
The expert swimmer who can swim
without the use of his arms, and one
who can tread water has a great ad-
vantage in rescue work. He can in
this way sustain an unconscious swim
mer with both hands and tread water
until succor arrives. Or, better still,
he can use the person rescued as a
buoy and propel himself and the in
animate form before him with his
feet.
OF course conditions vary and no
two rescues are effected in the same
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

Z" SENSATION Of No mild pro-
portions was spruns when thA
report recently gained circula-
- y ton that unknown persons, sup
posedly friendly to Japan, were al
legged to have tapped" the trans
Pacific cable which furnishes the cole
artery of communication between the
United States and Uncle Sans pos
sessions in the Far East. The alarm
over the suspected tampe-ing with the
cable at Guam in the mid-Pacific
proved TO be somewhat of q flash
in the pan" but the incident has
served to emphasize to what an ex-
tent the world is yet dependent upon
submarine cables for all the advance
that has been made by wireless teleg-
raphy. II is q dependence which is
very manifest, when one stops to
think of It. in time Of peace, and
which might become an even more
serious matter in time Of war.
But this is not saying that it is pos
sible to predict the ultimate outcome
Of the great rivalry between the
cables and the wireless which is
only just starting in real earnest
and which will take a new turn
when the United States government
completes its new 450 foot wire
less tower near Washington, which is
expected to give a wireless radius Of
more than 5000 miles. What is more
this new tower-or rather trio of tow
ers-with the extra-powerful appara-
tus to be installed therein are counted
upon to solve the problem OF protect
ing aerograms from interference from
other wireless stations, possibility
and menace in time of war that has
up to this time constituted one of
the most potent arguments IN favor
of the submarine cable in preference
to the wireless.
No less an authority than Thomas
A. Edison has predicted that wireless
telegraphy will entirely supercede sub
marine cabling, but other authorities,
almost as eminent, take an opposite
view. pinning their faith to communi-
cation by cable because Of it's relia-
bility, the rapidity Of transmission and
the certainty that no foe or hostile
interest can perchance "overhear'' the
confidential messages passing under
the sea as has sometimes been the
case with official communications fly-
ing through the air. The rivalry be-
tween the wireless and the subma-
rine cables has been virtually limited
thus far to the Atlantic Ocean but
ultimately. Of course, 1t viii spread to
all quarters OF the globe and 1t Is
when the two methods OF communica-
ton compete for the mastery Of the
Pacific that we may expect q battle
royal between the electrical forces
aloft and submerged.
Should the wireless supplant the
submarine cable entirelyit is well nigh
appalling to contemplate the amount
Of money that viii be, In effect, buried
at the bottom Of the sea. BY COM
parison 1t would cause to look like
small change" the tabled wealth of
Captain Kidd and the other pirates
for which adventures have been
hunting these many decades. It has
been estimated that the thousands Of
submarine telegraph cables which car
~ beneath al the oceans on our plan
ct the one universal language Of man
kind, have cost not less than S2T6,.
100000 and the outlay for these slen-
der links Of the continents is still
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

in 9 harbor or sheltered body Of water
this boom Is swung over the side Of
tho vessel, but otherwise the cable
goes over the bow to its watery rest
Ing place. AT there Is q boom with a
capacity OF twenty tons which lifts
the cable aboard.
A second feature Of this $4,000
cable craft Ii the huge reel or drum on
which the cable IL wound before set
ting out on q cable-laying expedition
and from which it is unwound as
needed Just as thread Is unwound
from Q spool. The cable reel, which
Il operated by steam power, will hold
from twelve to fifteen miles Of sub
marine cable and the set of levers
which control this reel and the other
cable-laying mechanism might be de-
nominated the nerve centre" Of the
cable ship. The Joseph Henry which.
alike to other vessels Of her class,
carries twenty enlisted men OF the
United States Army Signal Corps In
addition to q cable engineer and naVt-
eating officer, also has on board the
requisite apparatus for testing cable
and for locating breaks" or flaws that
interfere with the working Of the ca
BILE when such trouble is reported.
The vessel has q wireless telegraph
station SO that cable troubles can be
promptly reported to her and al
though she has not been built for
great speed, 15 miles per hour be-
ing her ordinary gait, she can re-
spond promptly to a summons for
aid where cable "doctoring" Is re-
Quired.
When one stops to consider how the
cables have caused the world to
shrink in size by bringing all nation
alities into close touch with one an
other there Is good cause to marvel
at what has been accomplished In
scant half century. For II was not
until 1855 that the first successful
trans-AtIantic cable was laid. follow
ing years Of encouragement and fall
ure. The discovery OF gutta-percha
made possible the submarine cable
and the first successul one was the
line across the English Channel,
distance Of 25 miles, which was laid
In 1851. Seven years later came the
first cable across the Atlantic, but 1t
soon broke down and 1t was not until
the close Of our Civil War that, thanks
to the energy OF Cyrus Field ana Prot.
Kelvin the New and Old World were
permanently linked by an electrical
artery laid on the floor of the ocean
two or three miles below the surface.
The life Of q deep-sea cable Is es-
timated at from thirty to forty years,
provided, Of course, q shark does not
bite 1t, which not unusual event. one
Of the worlds forty-two cable steam
ers must beN hurriedly sent out to
make repairs or renew that particular
stretch Of the highway for words
The deep sea cables weigh something
like one and one half tons per mile,
while those sections in shallow water
(where the liability Of damage ts
greater) are so heavily armored that
they weigh from ten to thirty tons
per mile, so that 1t may be surmised
that It is not child's play to 'pick up
any section of the electrical serpent
for examination or surgery.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11
On A Grain Of Wheat

e EBI HIRSCH SCHEINEMANN.
- resident Of Jerusalem, once en-
graved a prayer on q grain of
wheat. The characters were 30 small
that they could only be read with
the aid OF powerful microscope.
There were three hundred and eighty
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

water they win become white with
the sodium chloride. and the ac-
ton Of the suns rays on this win
produce chloride gas, one Of the very
best disfnfectants known to science.
A test is being made Of sea water az
disinfectant At Seattle. Warrington.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11
Salt Water AS "A Disinfectant

- HOSE who have made study Of
the matter claim that sea water
is one of the best disinfectants
and germicides. Sea water contains
several grains Of chloride Of sodium
70 the gallon. Il Il claimed that when
3 city's streets are nushed with the
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11
Norway Honors A Women

1900. Scandinavian women are
keener than ever to keep abreast of
the times. In Denmark the number
Of girls passing matriculation exami-
nations at the Copenhagen University
Il increasing rapidly. Many Of them
are now taking up special studies.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

logical laboratory OF the University OF
Christtania. When only twenty years
old she passed her matriculation
examination at the university. and af-
ter making zoology her special field
fer some years she became concerva--
tor Of the SOCIOLOGICAL iahcratory In
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

- Iss Kristine Bonneyie. of Chris
" tania. has been honored by
4 the government OF Norway in
,eing the FIRST woman ever admitted
o the Academy of Science. She
doctor Of philosophy, besides
l9iding an appointment In the ZOO
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

The weekly consumption Of penny
and half-penny stamps in the United
Kingdom Is four hundred reans.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

six Hebrew letters OF the prayer, and
the date Of the year.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

Driven by an electric motor, an In
genious machine has been invented to
paste labels on bottles, no matter
what their shape.
The Washington herald., 1911-06-11

II SENSATION OF no mild pro-
portions was sprung when the.
report recently gained circula-
u ton that unknown persons, sup
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-06-13
~ WIND UP WAR.

'unored Mexican Soldiers Goina
20 Lower California.
30. June l2.-Fifteen hundred
Ioops from chihuahua will be
'pn this city TO Lower California
tne Southern Pacific railway
INC necessary equipment.
H.eeVer. III command of the
uitsu states cavalry stationed.
- mat the Mexican troops Will
~ iull eduipmcnt OF ARTILLERY.
pteeVer has been ordered by
osphrtmeHt at Washington 10
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-06-13
CITY MAN
IDENTIFIES CROOK

NEW YORK, June l2-From IL
dozen men arrested May 3 as alleged
wire tappers. and who were being given
an adjourned hearing in police court
today, Thomas w Ballew, u lumber
merchant of Kansas City, picked one
man whom he alleged was member
of the notorious Maybray gang of
swindlers which operated fake sport
ing events in the west in 1909. several
members Of which are under Indictment
by the federal court.
This man, Ballew said, swindled him
out of $4,000 III fake race at Coun
Gil Bluffs. Iowa. October Is. 1909.
He was booked on the police records
as James Morton, a salesman. Ballew
said he was known as Crawford in the
Maybray gang, and was locked up on
the charge of grand larceny preferred
by the Kansas City man,
The other eleven men held on a wire
tapping charge were released on bail
pending further hearing of their case.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-06-13

Double TRACK" Gerrit Fort; .The First
Spike" w. w. Ritter; Utah" the Rev:
p A Simpkin. w S. Mccormick will
act as toastmester. Impromptu talks will
be made by members OF the association.
Entertainment Committee.
In entertaining the visitors, the Com
mercisl club is represented by a special
entertainment committee Visitors are
to be. guests OF the, city through this
committee, and for the three DAYS they
are here this committee is prepared 10
see that the passenger men and their
wives see the city and have every at
tention possible. The committee as ap
pointed several weeks ago. follows:
Governor William Spry. chairman.
Mayor John S. Bransford. first vice
chairman.
Frank B. Stephens second vice chair
man.
D. E. Burley. I. A. Benton. ". p Yeo.
Douglas White. JOY II. Johnson. w, w.
Weltz, o. w Powers. John G. Cutler,
l.. NJ. Bailey. Nephi l.. Morris. james f.
ennhns SennlngS Edward RSsenbaup sI, Harry
shee. L. A. Merrill. J. II. Manderfield.
D. II. Christensen. T l.. Mitchell,
Thomas j. o Brien. o. G. Hcmenway, ID.
Grant, r, A Wakeline. George ID. Alder.
J. A. Greepewald. S. D. Evans. Fred
erick Stauffer. Roscoe NJ. Breeden. r. l..
Conely. Simon Bamberser. d. S. spencer,
II. l.. a. Culmcr Oscar L. Cox. NJ. NJ.
Kaighn. John c. Sharp. w. M. Bradley.
Fl. e. Booth. Matt Thomas. Joseph
Meltzer. w. II. Cunningham, John F.
Bennett, P, L. Doran. y. G Bolton. Joel
Nibley. Duncan MacVichie. r. J. Evans.
J. J. Mcclellan, w. J. Shealy. T. w.
Whiteley ii, NJ. Fennemore. W J, Bur
ton. j. H Richards. Eugene b. Palmer,
Arthur J. Brown. w. +. Beer. George Y.
Wallace. c. II. Griffin. e. r. Holmes.
j. F.. Galieher, j. +. Dunn. William
Bowen. 4. Richter. 4. T. II. Peterson.
E. F. Root. Herman Harms. w II Shear
man. c. S. Simpson. l.. n. Harding l..
Z. Barnes. George Rust, Joseph Levin
sohn, Heber NJ. Wells c. r. Pearsall
William H. Dale. r. w. Little. ID. C..
Jackiing, John Dern.
Wesley e. King, chairman of commit
lee on public entertainment
Lester ID. Freed. chairman of commit
lee on automobiles.