davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

appear here and there; ana yet to the
man that is developing the young or
chard 1t is too much like pulling a
tooth to pull off one of these apples
For this reason it is good discipline.
II you begin at that time and learn to
pull applies off in order to make great
er profits in the future, it will not be
hard to keep it up and properly thin
your fruit when the orchard reaches
the bearing age.
And even after all this is done, the
problem of fruit growing has not yet
been solved. With a fine crop of
standard sized, sound fruit on his
trees, the orchardist faces the prob
lem of picking, packing and market
ing and right here there have more
failures in the past than in any other
part of the work, except possibly
spraying. l know two neighbors with
orchards side by side where one of
them received ~ cents per bushel for
his apples more than they cost, while
the other man received 60, and right
at this point, let me tell you, comes
the parting of the ways. 1t i. one bus
mess to handle ground, to cultivate,
to irrigate, to prune and to spray, and
1t is another business to grade and
market fruit, and in my travels
through the fruit sections of the west
ern part of America, l have become
more and more satisfied that those
valleys which have been most uni
formly successful in the marketing OF
their fruit are the ones that have
placed this part of the work in the
hands of the business man regardless
of his knowledge of the orchards and
soils. One of the best fruit handlers
that have ever come in contact with
is as helpless as baby when you get
him away from his warehouse and
into the orchard, and on the other
hand, some of the worst failures in
the marketing end have been made by
Previously successful fruit growers.
The western orchardist has a won-
derful opportunity, the choicest soils,
the enever-ending sunshine and an
abundance of irrigation water are his.
Nature has been lavish in her boun-
ties. Everything that goes to make
success is before him. w hat he must
furnish is intelligent supervision, en-
ergetic prosecutions, and love of his
calling, tempered by conservative bus
mess sense. These are the essentials
of success in any line but in no line
of human endeavor will they. give
greater return in liberty, prosperity
and security than in western orchard
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22
THE CARE OF THE ORCHARD
By F. d. Ball,
Director Utah Experiment Station.

There is no use planting, cultivat-
ing and developing an orchard up to
bearing with any expectation of max
ing money out of it unless you are
willing to put both time and money
into it after it reaches the bearing
stage, and there is probably nothing
IN western agriculture that will pay
you better for the time and money
you spend than this same orchard,
provided you spend enough. And at
the same time there is nothing in
western agriculture in which a per-
son can make as great a failure as
they can in orchard work. The people
OF the east with the great markets of
our country right at their doors often
make fair amount of money on or
chards that receive little or no care.
they raise cheap, inferior product,
but, being close to the markets with
little or no freight charge to pay, they
may be able to still dispose of it at a
proht. With us of the intermountain
region, the problem is quite different.
The freight on box of apples from
here to Ohio is on the average as
much as the Ohio man gets for his
apples. In order therefore that we
may get anything for our product,
we must put on to the eastern mar
kets a product that is in every way
3erlor to the homegrown product
and will command a superior price.
An apple grower anywhere in the
State of Ohio has Approximately
100000 people who want his apples
within radius of 100 miles. The in
termountain fruit grower has on the
other hand less than 100000 people
to eat his apples within a radius of
SUI miles, and practically all of the
world markets open to his products
are from 1000 to 1000 miles from his
door and worse than all this, those
miles are IN every case over the worst
OF mountain roads, with heavy grades
and high freight charges. A box of
apples selling at Sl,00 may be sold at
loss: Another box of apples selling
at Sl.SO or $500, or, in the case of our
fancy fruit, sometimes much more, !
may yield handsome returns. If il |
costs Ito to produce box OF apples |
that sell for $l00 and a CONSEQUENT |
loss, Sl.ZO may produce a box OF aD- /
pies that will sell for $500 and hand |
some profit Where, then. shall we
spend the extra 10 cents per bushel:
The first requirement Of a market
able apple is that it be free from
worms. Two and a half TO three
cents: therefore, must 60 10 spray
ing that box of apples and when we
say spray in the western country, we
mean spray-thorough, persistent, in
teillgent work. We have as the re-
salt OF a good many years Of effort
developed method of spraying which
,an be depended upon to give results.
he important features OF this
method are, first that you have an
'uthtt capable OF handling a consid-
srable amount of liquid at a constant
pressure of $50 to 200 pounds. The
argest size of barrel pumps-double
lotlng pumps, and power outfits will
III do this, and it makes no difference !
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

on the tree, while the little, inferior,
uncolored, nubbins that grow down
underneath will be the ones that will
| be free from worms.
In a good many sections in this
state considerable trouble was ex-
perienced this past season with the
worms and many an orchardist that
felt that he had solved the problem
with spraying before this season is
alarmed at the number of worms in
his crop this year and is looking
around for a reason for the increase.
Most of them, however, are looking
in the wrong direction for the cause.
Some think the pump was no good,
others are sure the poison was no
good, but l have discovered no one as
yet that has even suggested that the
man was deteriorating, and yet the
fact remains, that a very large per
centage of our growers have become
over-confdent in the past two or three
years.
The codling moth runs in cycles of
destructiveness-as do all other in
sects. Some years it will be worse
a good deal worse-than others Eight
or nine years ago the average of the
orchards of the state was two to three
" Vi MS " dh apple. L WO OF three
years ago, as the result of a combi-
nation of almost universal spraying
and certain unfavorable climatic
conditions, that number was reduced
to the minimum. At the same time,
the number of sprayings was also re-
duced, the bands were left off, the
cOdling moth began to increase in
numbers, and an exceptionally favor
able season for their multiplication
resulted in a heavy damage last year.
And yet last year there were dozens of
orchards in the State of Utah that
went through the season with a single
search some time for a wormy apple
IN the orchards. l think, however,
that this lesson will have a good eff
tect in the end-better put on an ex-
ira spray and work on the bands when
they do not appear to be doing much
good than to repeat the experience of
the past season. There is no profit
in wOrmy apples and there is no sat
lstaction in them either.
Pruning is just as essential as spray
ing and another two or three cents a
bushcl spent on the care of the tree
will yield big returns. One of the
chief reasons why we are able to raise
high priced apples is because of our
long days of summer sunshine, and
yet If we allow the wood growth of
our trees to become so thick as to
shade a crop of apples, we might as
well plant our trees in Ohio and be
done with it. The headed tree
with plenty of sunlight, plenty of air
circulation carrying a small enough
crop of apples so that the tree can
produce them to the standard size, is
the efficient tree. There are almost
as many methods of pruning as there
as men who prune, and yet they all
practically agree in regard to the OBJ
jet sought. The major portion of
the experienced western orchardists,
however, agree that after the tree has
been grown and the head properly
formed and spread out, as has been
described to you by Secretary Nc
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

which one of these outfits you have.
With reference to the efficiency of
the spraying, the best spraying that
has ever been done in this state and
as good as has ever been done in any
other state has been done with a Po-
mona Barrel outfit, costing $500,
but that outfit must have one acces-
sorry that is hard to purchase in the
open market and that is a man with
a head on him to run it. There are
certain accessories besides the man
that are also necessary in order to do
good works. feet of 7-ply hose, a
bamboo pole, 10 to II feet in length,
a crook on the end of this pole, and
on this a nozzle that will throw a
coarse spray FIVE or six feet before it
breaks into 4 mist. With this outfit
and platform or tower so that the
man handling the nozzle can get
above the trees and spray down into
the calyx cups, spray sidewise into
those that stand out on the side, spray
up into those that turn down below,
taking care to see that every single
blossom on the tree receives its share
OF the poison, truly efficient spraying
can be done.
The number of times to spray and
the poison to use are questions that
must be settled by local conditions
Lead arsenate at present prices, five
pounds to 100 gallons, is probably as
good a poison as can be used. Paris
Green. one-third of a pound to a bar
rel, has, however, given just as good
results where there was not too much
ram or dampness at spraying time
/ he number OF sprayings depends on
the number of worms the previous
year If uncertain in regard to this
factor spray twice, once just as soon
as the blossoms fall from the trees,
and again in ten days, or two weeks.
Band every tree with good heavy bur
lap bands and If there appears more
than two to three per cent of worms
IN the hrst brood, then spray again
two or three times for the second
brood. If the orchard closes the sea
son with only two or three per cent
wormy or even FIVE per cent, it will
be fairly safe to cut the early spray
lngs down TO one and then watch
tor the movement of the worms as be
fore to see if later sprays should be
given.
Don't leave this car with the idea
that ] have said that one SPRAYING will
control the codling moth. l know
dozens OF orchards that have not been
sprayed more than once a year for
four or five years. but before that time
every one OF these orchards was
sprayed from three TO FIVE times and
was banded, in order to get the worms
down to number where it would be
safe to stop with one spraying. ANY
method Of spraying which reduces the
number OF worms in the orchard each
year below that which occurred there
the previous year is successful ANY
method of spraying which allows the
worms 70 increase in an orchard or
which only holds them stationary
when the are destroying from 10 to
20 per cent Of the apples. is a failure
IS lar as western conditions are con
,,erned, because that 10 to 20 per cent
hat IS destroyed will be the largest, |
lnest and most highly colored fruit !
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

Pherson, one should be careful with
the pruning knife in the winter time
until the tree is in full bearing. And,
above all other things, after the 4th or
5th year, the tops of the. branches
should not be cut back unless there is
to be heavy crop of apples the next
season, and even in that case, it is far
better to leave them on until the crop
of apples is set and assured and then
reduce their length by summer prun-
ing work There are thousands of
orchards in this intermountain region
in which an original branch has been
headed back only to start three more
long water growths which have again
been headed back, each one starting
two or three more, and so on, until
the top of the tree is a miniature
broom, and a witch's broom at that.
A tree in that shape can only be cur
ed by long and tedious effort One
third of this energy, however, ex-
pended in starting the tree right will
prevent all this. The rule, then, on
the young developing tree is never to
cut off branch towards the top I'M
less you cut off the entire branch, I'M
til that tree is fruiting heavily, then
the excessive wood growth may be
reduced small amount at time by
summer pruning without disturbing
the balance between the roots and
top. In all pruning of course it must
be remembered that the fruit is borne
on the short spurs next to the
branches and that the lower down the
fruit is borne on the tree the cheaper
and easier it can be handled at picking
time. 1t costs five times as much to
pick bushel of apples ten feet from
the ground as it does to pick bushel
within reach, and when you get much
above ten feet, there is little profit in
raising apples.
Irrigation is another of the western
problems. In this day we hear a good
deal about raising orchards without
irrigation or with a very small num-
Der of irrigations. 1t is probably true
that many orchards have been over
irrigated in the past, but there will be
still greater disappointment in the flu
ture if we go to the extreme and think
we are going to raise fruit without
irrigation water. 1t is easy enough
to raise trees and many orchards have
been raised up TO the bearing time
with very small use of water, but when
a crop of fruit has to be ripened right
at the very dryest time of the year
when wood growth has practically
ceased and otherwise the tree would
be using very little moisture, it will
be found that an orchard requires as
much water as any other crop and if
the water is short at that time a few
days may ruin the entire efforts of the
year. There is also another factor to
be kept in mind in the use of the ir-
water, and that is that the
fruit buds for the next seasons crop
must be developed during the last part
of July and August of the preceding
year, just at the time that the great
est drain is made on the tree by the
growing crop. In our irrigation ex-
periments on peaches, we have been
able by Withholding water at this
time to absolutely stop the develop
ment of fruit buds.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

There is also another factor to be
considered in irrigating the orchard.
Enthusiastic orchardists will take one
out, point to young orchard and say,
Look at that, it has never had a
drop of water" and l have looked
many times and have seen trees fine
and healthy in appearance, but only
half or even one-third the size they
would have been had they been irri-
gated, and capable of carrying only a
very small load of fruit, even if they
had plenty of moisture to mature it,
so that even if the orchard should be
irrigated from that time on it would
be three or four years behind an irri-
gated orchard in its producing power.
On the other hand, in our peach ex-
periments, we have found that the
rows that had the greatest amount of
water had made the largest growth.
Then when it came to mature the fruit
the immense amount of foliage took
up so much of the water that it was
impossible to develop the fruit to the
proper size. The happy medium,
therefore, is sufficient amount of wa
ter to develop normal size tree-not
an excess that develops water sprouts
and sappy wood, a rather light appli-
cation of water in the earlier part of
the season so as not to stimulate too
much wood growth, but an abund-
ance att he time when the fruit is
ripening and the fruit buds are devel-
oping.
l saw an orchard this year in which
everything that l have described to
you so far had been done and appar-
emily we'll done-the orchard was
bearing from nine to twelve hundred
bushels of apples per acre and yet the
crop was practically worthless. There
is, therefore. one more factor to be
considered, and that is thinning. This
orchard was Gano, Jonathan, Ben
Davis orchard about IS years old,
and each tree had three to five thous-
and little bits of understood, shrunk-
en- apples. The apples were of little
value and the trees were breaking
down and being ruined. If half or
two-thirds of those apples had been
thinned out in the beginning of the
season, the remainder would have pro-
duced a crop as heavy as the trees
COulu Dear Oh DctIeE ueVelOpeQ ana
standard size apples. There would
have been enough vitality in the tree
to develop fruit buds for another year
and everybody would have been hap
Ply. AS it is, this orchardist got an
immense crop of unstable fruit and
next year his orchard will not bear at
all, since it is impossible for a tree to
feed fruit buds under such an exces-
sive load. Two or three cents ex-
pended in thinning would have made
so cents difference in the worth of
these apples in the fall.
And, by the way, while l think of
it, let me suggest to you that you be-
gin thinning as soon as young trees
first begin to bear. The first year or
so that a young orchard begins bear
ing the crop is not worth the expense
of spraying and handling, the trees
need all of their energy to develop a
framework for carrying the loads of
the future years and in every way 1t
is better to pull off the few apples that
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22
wien the COMING Of Middle Arc.

There is letting down in the phys
ical forces often shown in annoying
and painful kidney and bladder all
ments and urinary Irregularities. Fo-
ley Kidney Pills are a splendid regu-
lating and strengthening medicine at
such time. Try them. Botkin-Har-
mon Drug Co.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1911-12-22

Hand Painted plates on best china
$l.00 at the Botkin- Harmon Drug Co.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13
FOR TREASURER

Weare authorized to announce Sam Spencer
as candidate for treasurer Of Randolph
county, subject to the action of the Demo
cratic primary.
We are authorized to announce Jos. S.
Decker as a candidate for the office of Treas
urer Of Randolph county. subject to the
action Of the Democratic party.
We are authorized to announce Perry
Nettle as a candidate for the Office of treas
urer Of Randolph county. subject to the
action of the Democratic primary.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13
In The Great Emotional Play,
The Little Homestead
STORY OF THE PLAY

THE LITTLE HOMESTEAD tells touching story of human
nteesta story with moral forcby told and beautiful in path
1t is story which makes better for the knowing yet
fitting atmosphere with which surround characters One
feels home by the esde with the devoted young husband and
handsome wife, shuddes the entrance Of the william who
the happy threshold and strikes at It's sancy at the
ay of the wife who moment of blind nfauaton succumbs
the wes the destroyer weeps with the dsconsoae husband
and finds hope the shapen cripple to whom the wife has been
kind and who knows that his deoed being created for
purpose Pathos peades when the doors of the homestead
closed the wife and the home DESTROYER The sorrow and
suffering which follows the unhappy to squad apartments
and drunken abuse from the with whom she has cast her
lot relieved by the appearance of the husband who hopes to
again lead her back paths of right The little cripple again
and knows his hand that ds the homestead of its des
royer Then in the binding New England blizzard comes the
remorsefu wife to the little homeeadto die The ruddy blaze
of the sde lights her face made sweet through suffering
she hears her husband call her wife hears his forgiveness and in
the little homestead to rest Such the story Of THE
LITTLE HOMESTEAD.
PRICES 25, SO, rs CENTS. Seats sale at usual place.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13

taught us first in the old district
school house on the prairie? | owe
all that | have been aud done to
to that little woman" Instantly
each of the other three said: "And
so do l."
The teacher of whom they spoke
had long been dead, a victim oil
consumption while she was still
little more than girl. She had
died before her ambition could
flower. Perhaps she oied lament
ing that her little circumscribed
life, hemmed in by the limitations
Of that prairie school house, had
been bare of opportunity. Yet
years afterward four men who had
left a mark upon their time were to
say with affection and reverence:
Il owe all that | am to that wo-
man."
If all the men In the world could
speak their innermost belief as to
the guiding influence of their lives
we should no doubt hear an almost
unanimous testimony to the abld'
ing power of small things.
In the smallest corner of human
life, consecrated human service fills
the world with light and beauty,
uncOusiously touching human souls
with noble aspirations that make
life "marvelous in the powers that
cannot die. Arkansas Democrat.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13
The Obscure Glory

Four men of high distinction met
In the corridors of the state house
of one of our western capitals.
Life had brought them honor and
success. One was a normal school
president, another leading lawyer,
one a state official and one mer.
chant of prominence and wealth.
They had been schoolboys together.
Suddenly one of them said, "Do
you remember little Miss NJ, who
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13

We are authorized to announce f. T. Har-
risOn as a candidate for the Office OF Tax
Assessor OF Randolph county. subject to the
action OF the Democratic primary
We are authorized TO announce O. A. Lem
hons as a candidate for tax assessor of
Randolph county, subject to the action of
the Democratic primary.
We are authorized to announce Mason sta
cy as candidate for Tax Assessor of Ram
dolph county subject to the action of the
Democratic primary.
The star Herald is authorized to announce
Tobe Cbastain as a candidate for the Office Of
Tax assessor OF Randolph county. subject to
the action Of the Democratic primary.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13
One Million Dollars for
a Good Stomach
This Offer Should Be a Warning to
Every Man and Woman

The newspapers an d medical
journals recently have had much to
say relative to famous mlllionaire's
offer of a million dollars for new
stomach.
This great multi-millionaire was
too busy to worry about the con-
dition of his stomach. He allowed
his dyspepsia TO run from bad to
worse until in the end it became iu-
cureable.
His misfortune serves as a warning
to others.
Every one who suffers with dys-
pepsia for few years will give
everything he owns for a new
stomach.
Dyspepsia is commonly caused
by an abnormal state of tie gastric
juices, or W lack of tone in the
walls of the stomach. 'The result
is that the stomach loses its pow wer
to digest food.
We are now able to supply certain
missing elements-to help to restore
to the gastic Juices their digestive
power, and to aid in making the
stomach strong and well.
We know that Rexall Dyspepsia
Tablets are most dependable rene.
dy tor disordered stomachs, lndiges-
tion, and dyspepsia.
We want you to try them and
will return your money if you are
not more than satisfied with the re-
suit.
Three sizes, 25 cents, so cents,
and Sl.OO Remember, you can OBJ
tain Rexall Remedies in this com.
munlty only at one store-The Rex.
all Store. DIR. w. Z. HAMIL.
Pocahontas star herald., 1911-10-13
The "COlHtrY NPMSnanerv

SPuPNl
a groucny subscriber complained
to Bert Walker of the Osborne
(Kan.) Farmer because he would
not reduce the price of his paper,
said he could get a big daily almost
as cheap. This led Mr.. Walker TO
grow sentimental, and he moralized
thus:
"Tis a thing of sentiment this
little old country newspaper. When
perchance disgrace paints the scar.
let letter on the family circle, it
listens to the pleadings of the brok.
en- heart and Whispers not of 1t.
When it does you favor you come
in and beg few extra copies, but
when it steps on your toes you drop
around to lick the editor. With.
out your dinky country paper your
towns and hamlets would be like
the man who threw kisses at a GIRL
in the dark-he knew it, but no.
body else did You might imagine
you were alive, but other people
would have to buy a railroad ticket
and come out and see for them.
selves. Thus ends the brief tale of
the blooming old thing that isn't
worth two cents a week.