davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1911-04-06
First Grade Certificates

Section 103 (a An.appcant to receive st grade ;ef,
cate shall have taught successfully for at least eight months M
public satisfactory examination IN all the
branches required for second grade certificate and ADDITION III
and Medieval Modern English history The county super
dent transfer the standings Of second grade
has taught school successfully for at least eight months ana mas AZ
tended since receiving such second grade cehcate
school teachers for at weeks and received cred III a.
least two subjects -
(b) first grade certificate be renewed by .he county
holder has taught successfully TOT Peru
Of five years.
Examinations are Galgevie the fourth thursday III
February, May August, and November of each year.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1911-04-06

No warrant will be mailed unless there Is a
written order to do so filed with the County
Auditor.
43-2 J. A. Bradbury, Clerk.
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

Cinnamon, smuggling of silks and 9TH
er dutiable goods, bribery of public
officials, warfare among themselves,
leading to the tong murders, and
crimes against white persons, as in the
Elsie Sigel case in New York.
But it is in the spreading Of the drug
habit among our people that the trade
in opium works its greatest evil. Re-
cent estimates place the number of
users of opium and morphine in this
country at 100000. Lest this be con-
sidered excessive the reader should
note that in an authoritative encyclo-
pcdia article published seven years ago
the number was placed at over 1,000,-
900.
China is generally believed to be the
home of opium smoking, but it is as
serted that the use of opium and its
derivative, morphine, is more general
in this country than 1t is in the Celes-
t1al kingdom. The official entries into
this country amount annually to 400,-
600 pounds of crude opium, on which a
duty of $3.50 a pound is paid, but this
quantity is small compared to the
amount smuggled in. Thousands of
pounds of opium were seized in the re-
CGIlI III Ne" ana OlHeT
Unless an effective check is put on
the opium evil it will sap the physical
as well as the moral strength of this
nation" said recently the head of one
OF New York's biggest drug importing
houses. I'm Europe there are 1450OO,-
900 persons. These consume annually
only about 10000 pounds of the drug,
while our population of $4,000 con-
sumes more than ten times that amount
regularly imported, to say nothing of
the vast quantity smuggled in"
In the opinion of many physicians,
here may be found the explanation of
the prevalence in this country of neu-
rasthenia, or nervous breakdown,
known in Europe as "the American dis
ease" Some of Americas users of OPT
um or morphine take the drug openly
in. the form of pills. which are smok-
ed Chinese fashion. or in the form Of
morphine taken by the mouth or SUBJ
cutaneously (under the skim. Others
take their dope" in the form of habit
forming drugs or beverages. In all
cases the ultimate effects are the same
"a loss of self respect and ambition.
and brain power, the formation of dis
gusting habits. impairment of the NOR
ell sense, susceptibility to diseases OF
various kinds, functional arrangements
and the suspension of normal func-
tons.
Naturally the amount Of money In
volved in the traffic is the. chief STUN
bling block in the way OF reform. So
great is ii that governments have con-
fessed themselves unable to cope with
the trade. For more than a century Chi
mas government and people have been
striving to free themselves from the
opium business, but their efforts have
been defeated heretofore by the Brit
ish defense of the interests of the opi-
UNI growers OF India. whence most OF
China's opium is derived.
JOSEPH MINTYRE.
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

which had fallen after the Union fleet
of ten gunboats and thirty transports
had passed above the rivers rapids.
Although experienced military engi-
neers scoffed openly at the plan of the
wisconsin. farmer" the leaders Of the
army gave him a free hand, and he
saved the ships. Recognition of his
great feat was prompt. He was bre-
vetted brigadier general and was pro-
NOTED to the rank Of colonel, and the
officers Of the fleet saved by his intui-
tive engineering skill presented to him
sword and a purse of $4,000. Later he
received the formal thanks Of con-
gress.
The navy officers Of the civil war
who were thanked by congress were:
Admirals David G. Farragut (twice).
David D. Porter (three times), Rear
Admirals Silas n. Stringham, Commo-
dores Cadwallader Ringgold and
Charles Henry Davis, Captains John
A. winslow, John Rodgers, Stephen G..
Rowan, Samuel F. du Pont, Andrew Fl.
Foote (twice), Louis NJ. Goldsborough,
Commander John L. Worden (twiceI
and Lieutenant William B. Gushing.
Our little brush with Spain. thirteen
years ago, called for only one eX-
preston of national gratitude in the
opinion Of congress. That was re-
served for Commodore Qater AdmiraD
George Dewey for his services in the
war and his victory at Manila Neither
Sampson nor Schley received the
thanks of congress, but in a former
year Schley figured in connection with
this method of reward. 1t was pro-
posed to thank him formally for his
rescue Of the Greedy party in the arc
tic, but the vote OF thanks was denied
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

I thus distinguished. None Of Americas
called out the highest mark of honor
Perry received his vote for his work
on Lake Erie, while Macdonough re-
ceived his for his fight against the
British on Lake Champfain-
Three men were thanked by congress
for their leadership of American
armies in the Mexican war. They wers
Generals Winfield Scott, Zachary Tay-
lor and John z. Wool. OF all the reso-
lutions in which the lawmakers voiced
their sense of gratitude none was
more fulsome than that in which Cen
eral Scott was named.
The Case of Lieutenant Colonel Bailey,
Naturally enough the gigantic war
between the north and the south, with
its abounding acts Of heroism and
brave leadership. called forth numer-
Gus expressions Of thanks by the Union
congress. Most Of the great command
ers Of the northern armies received
this mark of distinction In addition to
the other honors which accrued to
them. The list includes twelve major
generals and one lieutenant colonel
The generals were Grant, Sherman,
Sheridan. Thomas, Meade, Hancock,
Howard, Burnside, Hooker. Banks,
Rosecrans and Lyon. The lieutenant
colonel was Joseph Bailey, a well
known figure Of the civil war period,
whose star has been partially eclipsed
by others in these latter days. He was
a farmer who entered the military
service in July, 1861, as captain in the
Fourth Wisconsin infantry. He had
only a common school education, but
in the course of the war he displayed
such great engineering ability that he
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

fleece or bit of silk ribbon goes with
this expression OF the solemn thanks
Of millions Of people, but its accolade
is felt as deeply by its recipient as
though his shoulder had been touched
by a kings sword 1t is a distinction
awarded not by sovereign. but by the
representatives Of millions of SOW
ereigns. Since the foundation of this
republic only twoscore men have been
deemed worthy of the honor. The prop
osition to accord il to Robert E. Peary
for his discovery of the north pole re-
vived interest recently in the thanks
Of congress"
The honor roll Of the men who have
received the thanks of congress con-
stitutes a hall of fame" more exclu-
sive than that embodied in the bronze
tablets in the beautiful building in
New York. In the latter case the men
and women honored have been chosen
by votes of scholars and others who de-
eide whom the American people should
honor, and their choice is subject to
revision by public opinion. In all but
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

the number OF men who have received
1t. In every case it has been awarded
for serving the republic well in mill
tary or civil pursuits. Naturally
enough, perhaps, as the services rem
dered in warfare are more conspicu-
Gus and appeal to the latent warrior in
most of us, military glory gained the
coveted vote for the great majority of
the recipients. With but two excep-
tions, besides the case Of Peary, the
thanks have been rendered to men who
have distinguished themselves in one
or other of the wars Of the nation. The
honor carries with it no medals, to be
worn outwardly as a mark Of distinc-
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26
Americas E-xcI1tsiOe Hall of Fame

the glory of/the thanks of congress, to
some of them 1t has come more than
once. Two of them stand out pre-
eminent among their fellows as hav-
ing been thanked three times by the
national lawmakers. They are Cen
eral Zachary Taylor, commander of
the army in the war with Mexico and
later president of the United States,
and Admiral David Dixon Porter who
distinguished himself so greatly in
command of Union fleets during the
civil war.
The names of two civilians are IN
scribed on this national roll of honor.
One Of them is no less a parsonage
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

rates of the Barbary coast that inter
fering with American commerce was
dangerous business. The man thanked
was Commodore Edward Preble, the
hero of the most gallant attacks that
are recorded in naval history" ac-
cording to one authority.
Coming down to the war Of 1912, the
second war with Great Britain, we run
across a curious fact. 1t is well
known that in that struggle almost all
the honors were won by the navy, the
fighting on land redounding very little,
If at all. to the credit of American
arms. Yet we find no fewer than five
army men who served in the war re-
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

Snould sink beneath the wave!
Her thunders shook the mighty deep.
And there should be her grave.
Nail to the mast her holy flag,
Set every threadbare sail
And give her to the god of storms,
The lightning and the gale
%. w. Holmes.
~ HAT is the way the good foli
of Texas feel about the IA
nous battleship named after
their state. They do not like
the proposition that she be made q
target for the war vessels of the At
lantic fleet in order to test the hitting
power of the big guns. They prefer
to have the Texas assigned to their
state as training ship for the naval
militia. They believe that the ship
which bore so gallant apart in the
famous battle of Santiago should meet
with a more glorious end than to sink
before friendly guns.
OF course the Texas may not sink
when her armor is pierced by the big
projectiles. She may survive to be
patched up and used again for a tar
get, but some of the Texans feel that
that would be simply adding another
insult to the vessel. Navy men de-
clare that using the Texas as a tar
get, making her useful to the end, is
more commendable a course than let
ting her rust away to slow but sure
dissolution She has been valueless
as a warship for some years, and her
place and name are to be taken by a
new and splendidly big Texas. The
same course is to be followed with the
ram Katahdin.
In the history Of the old Texas there
are two glorious pages on which are
inscribed her good work at Santiago
and her winning of the gunnery cham
pionship of the American battle fleet,
but the rest of the record is a dreary
story OF mishap and failure. Not for
nothing is the Texas known in the an
nails OF the new navy" as the cham
pion hoodoo ship of the universe More
and more varied accidents befell her
during her term of activity than have
come to the lot of any other warship in
American history. From the very start
she seemed doomed to be a disappoint-
ment to the nation. Years before the
battle of Santiago 1t was said "she
cannot be of the least possible service
as a man-of-war." prediction hap
PLY disproved in Cuban waters on
July 3, 1898, and on many other occa-
sions before and after the battle she
met with misfortune.
Even before work was begun opfthe
Texas. way back in 1883, disaster was
predicted for the ship because q flaws
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

passing that sSoO00 was much more
money in 1864 than 1t is in 1911.
,Tha..ks of Congress For Sea Rescues.
The other nonmilitary man who has
received the highest mark of national
gratitude was Captain B. Gleadeu Of
the steamer Atlantic. In 1874 he was
honored by congress for saving the
crew OF the brigantine Scotland Of
Portland, Me-. during a storm in mid
ocean.
Four presidents of the United States
figure on the list. They are Andrew
Jackson, William Henry Harrison,
Zachary Taylor and Ulysses S. Grant
Despite his great services to the Union
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26
THE TEXAS HER FAMOUS COMMANDER, CAPTAIN (LATER
ADMIRAL) JOHN w. PHILIP.

harbor weeks before the battle the
Texas Was struck by a six inch shell
which exploded, killing one man and
wounding eight others.
After the Texas had passed through
the war and had come north to be
patched up by the riveters' hammers
the hammers o. her critics became
busy again. They said that some. OF
the most serious damage to the ship
had been caused by her own twelve
inch guns. The blast Of the gases
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

from these big weapons had done more
harm to the ship than the shells Of the
Spanish, said the knockers" How
ever that may be, the gallant part
played by the Texas IN the Spanish
war did much for her.
It was on the deck Of the Texas thai
one Of the most impressive scenes In
American history took place. The bat
tie Of Santiago had been fought and
won; the Spanish ships had been
pounded and battered and run ashore
after their brave attempt to run the
gantlet Of the encircling American
ships; the waters were dotted with the
dead and dying Spaniards. and the re-
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

at The Hague. 1t was called by Presi-
dent Taft and win be attended by rep
resentatives of the nations interested
In the matter.
While sufficiently serious in itself in
this country and elsewhere. the matter
of the opium question Is complicated
IN the United States with considera-
tions OF It's effect on other forms Of
crime. Not only are many of our ma
tive and imported cripinals users of
opium and morphine (another form Of
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26
Men Who Have Been Thanked by Congress-

Ia few instances it has been made the
subject Of criticism. But the honor Of
the thanks of congress has been con-
ferred by the people themselves. rep
resented in their national assembly. 1t
is the thanks of the assembled popu-
lace acting through delegated repre-
sentatives.
All but Two Have Been Warriors.
The distinction of the honor and the
high value placed upon it by its donors
may be inferred from the smallness Of
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

rose to the rank OF general and was
considered one Of the abIest engineers
In the Union army, SURPRISING West
Pointers equipped with all the train
Ing which that splendid school Of en-
sineers could give. In February, 1864.
Lieutenant Colonel Bailey had the op-
portunity to display his skill in "one
Of the most brilliant feats ever ac-
complished in military engineering"
1t was the building Of a great dam to
control the waters of the Red river,
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

than Cornelius Vanderbilt, the first ia
nous f1nancier of the name, who is
known also as Commodore Vanderbilt.
He saw no naval service, but he served
his country well on the water by Civ
ing to the Union cause in its hour Of
need a steamer which had cost him
$500, 900. For this he received the thanks
of congress in a joint resolution pass
ed Jan. %, 1864. 1t was patriotic
deed and worthy of the recognition of
the nation, but it may be remarked in
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

ceived votes Of thanks from congress.
while only two navy men were thus
distinguished. 1t seems that army in
fiuence must have predominated at
Washington in those days when It Is
observed that Generals Andrew Jack
son. William Henry Harrison, Jacob
Brown, E. P. Gaines and Alexander
Macomb received the thanks of con-
gress, while Of their brother warriors
on the sea only Captains Oliver Hazard
Perry and Thomas Macdonough were
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

naming men on the vessels Of the enc
my were running down their fiags In
acknowledgment of defeat. The men
of the Texas saw the red and yellow
iutter down and set up cheer. Then
came the words of Captain Jack Philip
brave officer. able commander and
humble, devout gentleman:
Don't cheer. boys; the poor devils
are dying"
And the men OF the Texas were st-
lent. ARTHUR ], BRINToM !.
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

cause, the last named was thanked by
congress only once, but it IS believed
that second vote would have added
its luster to his fame II the death Of
President Lincoln, following so closely
upon the ending Of the great war, had
not thrown affairs at the national cap4-
tai into much confusion.
The first of our wars to call forth
this expression of the peoples graft
tude was the little war" with Trip
oil, when Uncle Sam taught the pi-
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

the drug). but the Chinese who import
the drug into this country and sell 1t
here are suspected with good reason OF
engaging in other forms Of criminaIity
BY a law enacted by congress two
years ago the Importation of opium for
other than medicinal purposes is for
hidden under heavy penalties. The
importers of opium are thus guilty In
the first instance of smuggling. In
many cases their criminaliy extends
further and includes Illicit entry OF
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

ton. although on several occasions
medals were voted with the thanks,
but 1t confers one very highly Sprized
privilege on the recipient. That is the
right to the privileges of the floor Of
the senate and the house of representa-
tives, an honor granted otherwise only
to ambassadors and ministers of for
eign nations, governors and members
of the highest legislative bodies Of for
eign nations.
Though to only forty men have come
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

in her plans. She was called top heavy,
shifty and unsteady, and other terms
Of derision were applied to her. She
was one Of the first ships constructed
in this country when Uncle Sam de-
cided to rebuild his navy, and the crit
les used her as a horrible example Of
our inability to build good vessels.
Board after board recommended
changes in her plans. and it was not
until six years after they were ap-
proved that she went into commission.
IN 1897 the man whose fame is con-
nected inseparably with that Of the
Texas first trod her quarterback as
commander. This was Captain John
w. Philip. later Admiral Philip, now
deceased. He took her to Cuba under
Schley as part of the blockading feet,
and she covered herself with glory in
helping to keep Cerveras ships from
getting away. The Texas escaped Sc
rious injury during the battle Of San
tiago, but she had not been so -
lucky previously. In a duel be-
tween the warship and bat S3ss%
terry at the en- t
trance to Santiago $$#1 49,
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26

ANGI" went the raiders ak
against the door OF little
Chinese store on Seventh
avenue, New York, in which
opium was sold The blow marked the,
firing Of another shot in the interna-s
tional war against the Illicit drug
traffic. In very real sense the shot
may be said to have been one that was
heard round the world" Probably no
other proposed international reform is
attracting so much attention as the
movement against the drug habit.
How important the rulers Of nations.
and the leaders of thought deem this
opium question may be gathered from
ths facts that President Taft recently
sent a special message to congress on
the subject his second special message
referring TO opium and the third ref
erence in the matter In his messages.
and from the declaration Of the great
world missionary conference held In
Edinburgh last year against the trafac
IN the drug On May 30 this year an
international conference for the sup
preston Of the opium evil win be held
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26
BY CHARLES N. LURE.

~ HESE are men who have de-
served well Of the republic.
These are men who. having
II rendered eminent services to
their country. have received the high
est mark Of distinction which it is with
in the power of the nation to give.
Congress. sitting in conclave on the
welfare of the land and its people. has
thanked these men for their services.
No Jewel, no star or garter. no golden
The Washington herald., 1911-02-26
Impending Fate offbe Texas,
"Hoodoo and Hero Ship Of
the United STATES Macy

Oh, better that her shattered hulk
Should sink beneath the wave!
Her thunders shook the mighty deep,
And there should be her grave.
Nail to the mast her holy flag,
Set every threadbare sail
And give her to the god of storms,
The lightning and the gale!
wv
The Winslow mail., 1911-02-11
IRRIGATION IN BEET FIELDS
Should Be Delayed as Long as There
Is Sufficient Moisture to Keep Up
Steady Growth.

The irrigation of the beet fields
should be delayed as long as there
is sufficient moisture in the soil
to keep up steady growth. Too
early irrigation tends to make
turn1p-shaped beet and produces an
unusually heavy growth of leaves with
out corresponding development of the
root. The soil should be kept in a
thorough state Of tillage by frequent
civilizations, so that the loss of mois-
ture by direct evaporation may be
slight, says the Field and Farm. There
is middle course as to the time of
this application of water to the crop,
for if held off too long the beet will
begin to mature and so prevent it's
proper development later. Experience
alone will decide the best practice,
but in general way it is no advan-
tage to this crop to irrigate when
there is sufficient moisture to keep up
vigorous growth. After irrigation
and as soon as the ground has dried
out sufficiently, cultivation three or
four inches deep should follow. The
narrow cultivator shovel, bull, calf or
deer tongues should be used in order
to pulverize the soil as much as pos
s1ble. If the beets have become SO
large that the leaves would be in
Jured, the use of these implements
would injure rather than benefit the
crop and should be avoided. The fur
rows will then remain as they are in
the furrow irrigation and serve for
subsequent irrigations. If plants are
not too large the furrowing for follow
ing irrigations should not be put off
too long after the cultivation, as there
is danger of injuring the leaves.
The Winslow mail., 1911-02-11
IRRIGATION WATER IN ROADS
Highways in Many Places Found to Be
Very Bad and In Spots Almost
impossible by Leaks.

irrigation water In roads is not only
a waste of water, but it does make
very bad roads, sometimes impossible
ones. In Gallatin valley, Mont, recent
ly, we were delayed for nearly an hour
and had to go to a farm house for
ropes, ETC., with which to pull the auto
In which we were riding out of the
mud, caused by leak which two min
utes with spade would have stopped.
In several other places we found the
roads in very bad condition from small.
but evidently long neglected leaks,
from nearby bitches, says a writer in
the North Dakota Farmer. This is one
Of the disagreeable drawbacks in many
irrigated sections and a little, a very
little timely care would prevent it..
Colorado has found this such nuis-
ance that section 1860 of the state
statutes reads: ANY person who
shall cause waste water or water from
any ditch, road, drain or f1ume,
or other place to flow in or upon any
road or highway so as to do damage
to the same, shall be subject to fine
of not less than $40 nor more than
$500 for each offense and shall
be liable to any person in a civil
action for any damages resulting there
from"
And still there are some very bad
roads from leaky bitches in Colorado
as We can testify. We think that not
less than SO nor more than $50 would
perhaps be better-and this not apply
unless the leak can be shown to have
been neglected one, or from two to
three days standing. Too severe
penalty prevents rather than encour-
ages complaints of this kind.