davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31
UI4RS IND STRIKES BECL OUD THE SKIES
MINDS BEYOND THE OCEANS WAKES
Of
TradcR Hubes Many PouvfA

r UROPE has lived another anxious
r year over smoldering and partially
~ active volcanoes created under the
fierce pressure of international trade
rivalries, which were fostered by vaster
industrial combinations. The phenomenon
of a worldwide rising cost of living was
accompanied by increased demands of
wage-workers, as voiced in dangerous
sympathy strikes and political battles at
the polls.
Radicalism Rampant in England
To the English people, the most serious
and disturbing event of the year was the
great transportation paralysis. starting
June IA, with the international strike Of
the seamen, and eliminating in the
to IS. This was like the foreshadowtng
of a coming terror for a few days,
when the power OF massed labor's blow
was brought home to the business and
travelling public. The seamen and dock
ers were on the point Of getting most
don Transfers asked more pay and were
refused. Thereupon all stood out for the
Transfers, and at this point the railroad
men began to strike for more money and
shorter hours. Already the great ports
had been> closed and food cargoes were
rotting in vessels, unable to unload or to
sail. To the further fear of the food
shortage was added the helplessness OF
police in the face of large numbers OF
strikers obeying a central authority In
touch with Socialist leaders. Riots were
Of daily occurrence In London, Liverpool
and elsewhere. The railroad officers stub
bornly refused to even confer with the
union leaders, and no fewer than $1,000
soldiers were ordered TO the defense Of
property when the general railroad strike
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31
FNTFVER TINTE TMELES RECORD OF EVEN

prove her willingness to preserve oEES
In Morocco when Germany raised tndS
issue by sending the gunboat RantneE "
-Agadir on the Atlantic coast OF MoFocSo'
JtIIy Instantly France and her any
England were reused to flerce dehunCld
ton OF Germany and Europe treilpleo Ut'
the brink of the long-eXpected seHels
war But while press and people c1sI
tered. the ministers of France and Ger
many met in Berlin and began a series OF
parleys which finally brought ABOUT
new agreement giving Germany eVTTV
mile slice of French Congo and leaving
France with a free hand in Morocco.
on May q war Minister Bertaux was
killed and several others were injured oy
an airship wreck at Paris. On SEPTEMBER
% the French battleship Ldberte blew up
at Toulon with a loss OF 30 lives
German Socialists Gain
Socialists in the German reichstag were
strong enough to force the soVerHIlleliN
to declare tor the principle Oh nteFud-
tionaI arbitration. The bill to tax the
unearned increment of cities passed TINS
body in February. The Moroccan analr
reused the masses to vigorous MANIFEST
tons against war. The sixth Zepelln ar
ship was wrecked in May, but another
one has since made over 100 air voyages
on regular passenger schedule without
accident
Vienna on September II during a big So
cialiSt demonstration against the high
cost of necessities. Riots were started
which lasted for several days before
troops. after bloody charges, got the MODS
quieted.
Martial Law in Spain
Nothing short o. the suspension of the
constitution and the declaration of mar
tial law by the Caaalejas ministry served
TO prevent the general strike declared by
Socialist and iaDOr leaders throughout
Spain, September 20. from becoming a rev.
olution full ttedged. Here, again, the suf-
feT1nS of the poor and the scant earnings
had much to do with the movement.
Troops were rushed into several provinces
where the people had overthrow local
authorities, and harsh measures finally
got matters in hand hundreds of the
strike leaders being arrested.
The new republican government of Port
acieS and open attacks by the royalist
party. It. too, had a general railroad
strike to deal with. and the men got an
increase in wages.
Italy Fights Turkey for Tripoi
The world was taken by surprise when,
on September ., the Italian government
sent q twenty -four-hOur ultimatum to
over Trtpon, and followed this un next
day with an open declaration of Wa Tur-
keys concfliatory answer not being salts
factory. Europe had believed Italy'S aims
In Tripol could be arranged by diplO-
macy. Within a week the Italian fleet
had bombarded the port of Tripoli into an
evacuation by its Turkish defenders, and
by October y an Italian army of 1900
was landed and an Italian government set
up all along the coast. Since then the
army in Tripoli has had all it could do to
check repeated assaults of Turks and
Arabs.
The first half century of modern, united
Italy has been celebrated by king and
people. The parliament adopted state life
insurance-a form of age pension.
A year ago Diaz still dictated to the
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31

was called. Meantime the government
was eXerting pressure, which resulted In
the officials meeting the leaders on as
surance that IL wages were increased the
law would permit higher rates. The
whole question was to be reviewed by q
commission. A subsequent general rail-
road strike in Ireland fizzled out
The coronation of King George and
Queen Mary, June % with all its costly
pageantry and formal rejoicings, strange
ly enough, ushered in this era of fierce
industrial warfare. The king and queen
to receive the homage of that realm in
the durbar festivity, December II. George
is the first British ruler to be crowned in
India in person. At the durbar the plan
to transfer the capital from Calcutta to
The "dehorning'' of the house of lords
made a new milestone in the upward
climb of the English nation toward
democracy. The last resistance of the
lords gave way under threat of the As
Qufth government to have the king create
enough new peers to make a majority.
The veto bill, which had passed the COM
mons May 4, finally was accepted by the
lords, 131 to 114, on August 10. This step
taken, the government was ready for its
Irish home-rule program. Another meas
ure, forced forward by the fear of So
George sickness and incapacity insurance
scheme. backed by the state. This was in
PRODUCED in May and passed the commons
December 8 1t was accepted by the lords
December is.
the Taft general arbitration treaty, March
3. at the same time that the government
was straining every nerve to be ready for
war. If forced by Germany's hand. In
Morocco.
The failure of AsquIth to bring in .
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31

woman suffrage bill in November caused
a revival of militant suffrage methods.
Canada Rejects Reciprocity
The one event of Worldwide Importance
in Canada was the exciting campaign on
the offer of American reciprocity agreed
to by the liberal Laurfer government Inc
idea that this was understood by Tn
American people to mean a step toward
inevitable annexation of Canada, which
marks OF Speaker Clark and others, ap-
pears to have aroused deep resentment
among Canadians. Hence, the appeal to
the voters on this measure was answered
in the general election of September II,
with a veritable landslide for the. Con-
premier. Reciprocity thus came to its
death.
Socialists in French Cabinet
Although voting down tire Socialist mo-
ton to open disarmament negotiations
with other nations, the French chamber
last January, did vote TO work with other
powers to get the subject before The
Hague court. Shortly afterward France
followed England's example by assent
ing to the American arbitration pro-
posal.
The BRAND ministry was voted out Of
power in January, and the reins OF gov
eminent passed over to the combination
OF Socialists and Radicals. headed by
NJ Monis. Monis was succeeded by CAL
liaux in June. Troops had to be called to
suppress the wine riots in north France
II the housewives in August against high
The revolution In Morocco necessitated
the sending OF an expedition to Fee in
May. to safeguard foreign interests.
This expedition was used by France -
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31
POPULARIZING OF
RELIGIOUS THOUGHT

THAT the churches have been wax
ing up to the need of more vital
share in the problems OF life 10
indicated by the discussions in all the
great gatherings OF the year. and espe-
cislly in the world conference OF tSP
Methodists at Toronto and of the b
lists at Philadelphia Another "a
pointing in the same direction waR)tha
opening of the Mems Forward Move.
ment all over the country, September
Is, with all Protestant churches help
ing. World unity was brought nearer
by the action Of churches favorable IL
the Episcopal proposal of an alien.
braeing organization.
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31

TAFT administration with aid of Democrats, offers
reciprocity to Canada, but Canada says mo"
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS coalition in congress passes
tariff revision bills, which Taft rejects pending tariff
board report.
Numerous Investigations started by the
gress, chief of which brings advocacy of government
control of trusts.
Progressives active in both parties.
Socialist and Democratic gains mark the "off year"
elections and bosses take back seat
California adopts woman suffrage, referendum and
recall of judges.
Postal banks succeed and parcels post is demanded
Taft negotiates general arbitration treaties with
England and France.
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31

DED IN THE CALENDAR OF 1911
Supreme court reads rule of reason into law (Har-
Ian dissentng) in dssolvng oil and tobacco trusts.
Steel trust and others prosecuted.
Labor hard hit by Mcnamara dynamite plot con-
LESSONS.
England parayzed by general transportation strike,
and all Europe disturbed by high cost of living
Italy makes Turkey for possession of
Tripol.
Revolution RACES in China and Manchu dynasty
falls before storm of republican aspirations
Uprising sweeps Madero into Mexican presidency.
Diaz exile
Churches move toward democracy and world unity.
Science continues conquest of the air.
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31
PROGRESSITELSIN KEEPS
POLITICAL POT A-BOLLLNG
Insurgents CLamOr for Radical Reforms and Remarkable i'd
0dnce in This Direction Is Indie ated

IRON the first week in January,
when the new state governors in
their inauguraIs began to declare
Tor reform programs, Harmon for tax
reform in Ohio. Foss for tariff revision
In Massachusetts,; Dix, in New York. for
the income tax and direct primaries;
Baldwin, In Connecticut, for woman
suffrage; Plaisted, in Maine, and VIII
son, in New Jersey. for the most of the
oregon plan Of direct legislation, signs
OF the nationwide sweep of the pro-
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31

gressive movement have multiplied in
both the old parties At the same time
conservative reactions have developed
in some sections.
New Senators Progressive
This radical trend was shown in the
choice OF the following senators by state
legislatures - Works, in California;
Pomerene. in Ohio; Gronna In North
Dakota; Clapp. in Minnesota; Poindex-
ter, in Washington; Kern, in Indiana;
Reed. in Missouri; MARITIME. IN New Jer-
The Washington herald., 1911-12-31
Bv Ed7Uip S. Potter

HERE is one over
shadowing ques-
ton discernible in
the big events
about which polit-
ical lines of bat
tie have formed
and reformed in
the last 365 days,
and which is be-
queathed by the
old year to the new
as a vital alterna-
tive for the Vot-
ers in the coming
presidential cam
paign. mat
tentative is: snail
tho neoule control
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Crime Stained Tool Of Capitalism on
a Rampage-steel Trust Making
Desperate Effort to Prevent
Fair Trial.
(By National Socialist Press

(By National SOCIALIST PreSS.)
Los Angeles, Sept. 14.-DriVen to
desperation by the goading he received
at the hands of labor leaders who are
exposing his methods all over the
country, William J. Burns is making
wild and unwarranted statements, &C.
cerding to Clarence DarrOw, chief
counsel for the defense Of the Nc
Namara brothers.
"Burns's wild statements made no
impression here. A1e does not help
his case. The intent is plain; he
seeks to increase the prejudice
against the defense. We will not re-
ply to it now,.,' said Mr.. barrow.
Our attorneys for the defense look
on the statements of Burns that the
defense is seeking to purchase evil
dence oE to kill some one as the
mouthings of a mailman. Job Harri'
man took the affair calmly: "Whom
the Gods wish to destroy they first
make mad" said the Socialist candi'
date for mayor smilingly. The un'
falling one must be growing nervous
We viii make no reply today"
Other attorneys for the defense were
not SO calm-Joseph Scott said Oar
row and Hartman have had lots Of
experience in these labor cases where
the workers are victims Of such PEG
pie and / suppose that is why they
are so unruffled. For my part ! an
NOT inclined to stand for much more
Of that kind Of work"
Attorney Scott is a big, strong
IrishsAmerican, popular and good ma
tured. He is president Of the Loi
Angeles Chamber Of Commerce. th'
head Of the Board of Education. Wher
he first entered the case he vigorously
opposed Burns operatives in thei
brutality in abusing Mrs. McManiga
and her children. He went SO far al
to throw a Burns operative out Of tn
elevator at the court house when sh'
was carried half faInting from tn.
grand jury room, after an ordeal j
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Strike At Woodwork
Still Continues
Government
Evidently Needs
The Money

Notices from the Government have
been received and posted in all local
stogie factories, calling attention to
the fact that there is law in exist
ence prohibiting anybody from carry
ing any tobacco or stogies out of the
factory, which has not been previous
ly stamped by the Government.
The penalties for violation of this
law range from fine of from 800 to
$4,000 and from six months to. five
years in prison. While there is an
old law to that effect in existence, it
is the first time in the memory OF the
oldest stogie makers in the city that
the Government ever sent any notice
about it.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14

Il. ShOaf
Is Still Missing
HosIck Returns and Produces the
Missing Evidence.

Detective James Hosick returned to
Los Angeles during the week. He hur-
ried back to the city after pleading
mot guilty to a charge of kidnapping
John ]. Mcnamara in Indianapolis.
Hosick. at first denied all knowledge
Of the whereabouts of the missing hat
and bludgeon, which were the only
tangible pieces of evidence in the case
of the disappearance Of George H.
Shoaf on the night of August 18th.
Later Hosick produced the evidence,
saying they were in the property room
all the time and that they had not
been removed from there.
No clew has been found by which
the disappearance of the Socialist
witer can be- accounted for. Capt.
George G. Shoaf of San Antonio, Tex,
is in Los Angeles, and has men work
ing on the case. He says he has wit,
nesses who saw two men lifting limp
body into buggy near the scene OF
the disappearance, and no effort is be-
ing spared to clear up the mystery.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Labor HOIlOTS
-
Memory Of Martyr
dwelling Of Sol edwards Monument
Win be Impressive Affair. Many
unionists win be In Line
Sunday, Oct. I.

At the last meeting Of the Ohio Val
ley Trades and Labor Assembly del
egate from the Sol Edwards Monu;
mental Committee extended an invita-
ton to all organized labor to take
part in the unwilling of monument
that has been erected to the memory
of our late martyred brother Sol Ed
wards. The ceremony will take place
on Sunday afternoon, Oct. l., in River
side Cemetery at Martins Ferry and
the committee in charge has already
secured several able speakers for the
occasion. All Local Unions and indi-
viduals participating from this side Of
the river will form in line at the
Trades Assembly hall and. headed by
Crescent Lodge No. 8, A. A.%of ]. s.
& T. W., who will also have band,
viii march at / o'clock sharp. The
invitation was unanimously accepted
and the Assembly caused the follow
ing letter to be sent to all affiliated
locals:
The Ohio Valley Trades g. Labor
Assembly on behalf Of the Sol Ed
wards Monumental COMMITTEES. does
herewith request the presence of
your Local Union AZ the unwilling Of
the Sol Edwards Monument on sun
day Afternoon. October LIST, 1911.
All locals that VII take part 81
same win form ON this side OF the
river. 1t is the earnest desire to make
this the greatest demonstration ever
held in this valley, whereas 1t Is the
first time in the history OF Organized
Labor Of this community to be called
upon to take part in the unwilling Of
a monument erected to the memory
of q fellow unionist who gave his
life to the cause of Organized Labor.
"a man who gave up his life for the
betterment Of condition of his fellow
men during the great strike Of the
Amalgamated Association Of Iron,
steel and Tin Workers. just recently
ended. Shot down by scab in cold
blood as he was, while defending the
cause Of humanity, we believe that it
is the duty Of every workman Of this
valley to participate in the event.
Hoping that your organization will
see its way clear to take part and
awaiting an early and favorable re-
ply, we beg to remain
Fraternally yours.
THE o. v. T. & l. ASSEMBLY,
H. B. Vessel. Secretary
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
"A Correction

Last weeks Majority contained an
item to the effect that it was reported
Labor Day, shat the White Swan
Laundry wagons were not in the pa
rade because the homogeneous had
told the men that if they laid off for
that purpose they would have to work
three nights during the week, but if
they wanted to join in the business
mems parade Tuesday, they could do
SO, and would not be compelled to
work overtime. The drivers did not
appear in either parade"
We were informed by the manager
of the laundry that the above state
ment was wrong and after further in
vestigation we find that the manage
ment of the laundry did not try to
keep the drivers out Of the parade
and that the drivers did not intend
to turn out anyhow. It appears now
that the Majority representative had
been misinformed and we, therefore,
willingly make this correction.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Barbere Raise
Price of Shaues


The price Of shaves in all the local
barbershops has been raised from 10
cents to Is cents. In talking to a
Majority representative several mem
bers of the Barbers's Union explained
the necessity OF this move. Nearly
all barbers work on fat rate of
wages and a percentage of the bust
ness they do and since the cost Of liv-
ing has increased considerable in the
.last few years, many men found them
selves working week after week for
about enough to meet their expenses.
Hence the raise, which. by the way,
entities you to neck shave or hot
towel in addition to what you used to
get for a dime.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Martins Ferry
Clerks Progressive

The FreideI 5 and 10 cent store at
Martins Ferry was the first store in
that city to sign the agreement of the
newly organized Retail Clerks I'm
ion and this store now displays the
official union store card of the Re
tail Clerks Protective Association.
Ine Boyd and Turner shoe store inn
mediately followed and other firms
will be presented with the agreements
during the next few days.
At meeting of the union. held last
Wednesday night several new mem
bers were present and made applica-
ton and will be initiated at a meet
ing to be held Thursday night Of next
week
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
eELLAIRE PEOPLE ALMOST A
IN SUPPORT OF sTRIK.
ING GIRLS.
SOME PEOPLE THAT LIKE TO
SPEND THEIR MONEY WITH
LABoRs ENEMIES.
ANOTHER 5 AND 10 CENT
STORE SOON TO BE OPENED

After nine weeks strike of the lady
clerks in the Woolworth and 10 cent
store the citizens of Bellaire and the
clerks are more determined than ever
that this foreign corporation will not
dictate to citizens, business men and
employees and the determination on
the part of the entire community has
resulted in almost complete lack
of patronage at the company's store.
The trades unions over the entire
valley have donated literally to the
clerks and are giving them noble
moral assistance as we'll. Manager
Manchester continues to hold himself
aloft from the citizens and business
fraternity and the entire ahan !.
Settled down to a struggle which may
take time to break. The clerks are
prepared to fight for their rights and
are confident of victory.
Each Saturday union men and
friends continue to loiter in front Of
the place and use every effort to- per-
suade their friends to refrain from
patronizing the place and only few
INSCRIPTIONS men enter, but no union
men.
Last Saturday a card man by the
name of Louis Stevens sent his girl
to the place, being ashamed to enter
himself, this being the second
time the girl has been seen to eater
the place.
Lizzie and Mary Long, daughters
of a plasterer who it is reported, car
ries union card, persists in spend
ing their dimes in the store although
they have been repeatedly approach
ed. Mr.. Long will undoubtedly be
remembered by the many trade union
lists. Clara Hickman, chum, ven
tured in with the girls but it is re-
ported bought nothing.
Dick Patterson's wife, who was
asked if she knew there was strike
on, informed the neighbor that she
did not care as her man was a mem
Der of the Miners Union and made
his money and could spend it where
they liked. His case will undoubtedly
T10NwTNTTnD .OW PACE q
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
Burns Going Mad

the inquisitorial chamber.
Burns and his operatives continue
to do all in their power to prejudice
the people of California, and especial
ly those Of Los Angeles county to the
end that the Mcnamara brothers may
not receive fair trial or secure a
jury capable of returning a fair YER
dict. The District Attorneys Office of
Los Angeles county is aiding in this
work. ]. D. Fredericks having written
newspaper stories in which he ex-
pressed his firm belief that the men
were guilty and should be convicted.
The grand jury has been held in ses-
sion nearly a year, accurding to the
statements of Clarence Darrow, for
the express purpose of browbeating
and intimidating witnesses for the de-
tense and other persons interested in
the defense.
Evry power that the Steel Trust
and the Manufacturers association can
purchase with their funds is being in
voked to prevent the workers who are
in prison, from getting fair trial.
Every few days the Burns opera
tives release some worked up, feature
story for the daily papers. Many of
these stories are based on some won
derful exploit of Burns or some dis
covery Of explosives which they have
had plenty of time to plant since the
arrest of the workers.
Prospective jurors are being cam
vassed with great care SO that every
man friendly to labor; who by any
mischance might be chosen to serve
on the jury, would be marked man
before he enters.
The activity of hundreds Of agents
Of the labor-hating organizations Is
shown that as fast as name is drawn
the man is put under the most careful
scrutiny by the Operatives" who are
swarming all over the country with
/ their insidious methods.
While this nefarious interference
with justice is going on every hour,
the prosecution is unctiously telling
through the newspapers that the Me-
Namara boys win be given . fair
trial.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-09-14
NOUNDsVllE CLERKS lcIIVE


At q meeting Of the newly orga-
nized Retail Clerks Union Of Mounds
vile last Monday night number Of
clerks were initiated and several more
stores uniOnized. Twenty four stores
in that city now display the ufion
store card Of the Retail Clerks.
Practically every clerk in the city has
either made application for member
ship Or signifed their willingness to
become members within the next few
weeks.
The local has afiliated with The
foundsviIie Trades and Labor A..
sembly and now has 1ve delegates
seated "a that BODY.