davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Great Falls of the World.

1t is the combinat ton of height of drop
and volume of water espe tally as n
dicated to the eye by width Of stream,
that gives impressiveness to a waterfall
The Yosemite Fall. $500 feet high, with
a vertical drop of nearly 1,5O0 feet in its
upper section, is not impressive, though
wonderfully beautiful. The immensely is
all in the half-mile precipice over which
the Yosemite river, or creek-about thirty
five feet wide-plunges. The fall forms a
silver ribbon on the side of the deep
broad precipice and is lost in the latter :
vastness. In all of the many falls in or
near Yosemite valley the chasm makes
Insignificant the waterfall, except In the
ase of the Nevada Fall where the Merce1
river nearly a hundred feet wide, drops
600 feet. with fine effe t.
The lower fall of the Yellowstone is Well
pror ortioned, the river contracting at tn
lip of the fall to less than 100 feet in
width and falling $50 feet.
At the other extreme from the Yosem-
lite Falls is Niagara, where the neigh
Of the fall is comparatively insignifican
05S to 1871 feet, but where the genera
effect is wonderfully impressive from tho
tremendous volume of water which tn
four great lakes constantly send rolling
roaring and crashing over it. At Niag2ra
the water dwarfs the fall; at Yosemite
the fall dwarfs the wafer.
In the case of Victoria Falls an extraor-
binary volume of water is combined with
great depth of fall. Neither chasm nor
river is dwarfed; and the result of the
combina ton Is wonderfully impressive.
There are several falls in South America
which combine height with the breadth
which means great volume of water. and
are thus entitled to consideration in the
class of Victoria and Niagara. The falls
of the Iguazu river. where Brazil and
Argentina come together, are from 200 TO
$50 feet in height. There are two falls.
one Brazilian and the other Argentine,
separated by a mass of rock in part
heavily clothed In forest. Both falls are
horseshoe in shape. measuring, 1t is esti-
mated, 2, 400 feet each around the edges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Tomorrow Bargains
In the Hair Shop.
but which escaped from it's would

but which escaped from it's would,
be minimizers 1900 years ago and
is now a magnified dwarf pine, en-
larged 500 times. It's trunk is 81 feet in
circumference and it is 80 feet high. Its
$50 branches spread $40 feet from east
to west and 2SS feet from north to south.
These branches tend slightly downward
as well as outward. They sweep SO low
that in most cases one must crouch to
pass under them. and they are propped
up by a forest Of wooden supports and
stone cushions.
The rule cypress l54 feet in circum-
ference six feet from ground. and 16C
feet high, sends up vast. gnarled, deep
Iy indented trunk only about twenty fee,
before 1t also shoots out great branches
in every direction. stretching between o.
and 100 feet from it. The diameter OF
the circle Of the ground space underneath
the trees spreading branches is al feet
From the point on the trunk where the
foliage begins to the tree top is about
40 feet The impressiveness of this vast
area Of foliage may be imagined.
The smooth-surfaced trunk Of the Cali
fornia redwood shoots upward in grace
full column sometimes 200 feet before II
is broken by branches, and no great ex-
panse Of foliage adds to its spectacular
effectiveness. A typical redwood is the
keystone State in the Calaveras group
45 feet in circumference and 325 feet high
Our table of the big trees of the world
gives us the following figures of compari-
son.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Congress of Surgeons Meets.

PHILADELPHIA, November .. = Tho
Clinical Congress OF Surseons OF North
America, said to be the largest organiza-
ton of surgeons in the world opened
convention here today. to last ten days.
with members present from all parts OF
the United States and Canada The work
of the congress will be divided into two
sections each day. consisting of liter
airy meeting followed by clinics at various
hospitals and medical colleges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

AT high flood the two falls almost unite
In British Guiana within lJJ milss OF
IeorSeto~n Is the haIeieua FAN OF the
Potaro river. 500 feet hi7h, nearly as
wlae as the Thames at Chelsea" and
twenty feet deep Another description
fixes the heiS ut of the fall at 14I feet and
It's brt adtn $40 feet
The latest great fall to be discovered
is the Chamberlain. on the Irang river,
IN British Guiana, so feet high and 10
feet broad
The g.eat falls Of the world IL COM
pared IN heiaht and breadth, give the fol-
lowing table of results:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Tries to Steal Poultry: Shot Dead.

NEW YORK. November Emil Schrae-
der, a wealthy florist of New Springfield,
S. L., was aroused early today by bur-
glar alarm, and hurrying to his yard with
a shotgun discovered "A man robb ng his
poultry coops. The thief knocked Schrae-
der down, and was about to se.ze the
gun when the florist pulled the trigger,
killing the intruder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

The Yosemite is credited with being the
m, hest a. he-year-4 ound TALL in the
world: Niagara with having the greatest
volume of water, and Victoria I'm combi-
nation of the controlling factors OF height
and volume, as easily heading the entire
list.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

falls the extraordinary chasm into Wnlci
the river drops and zigzag gorses througi
which it rushes as torrent toward .ns
sea, the spray clouds mounting hundreds
of feet into air, 1.-THE smoke that sounds
with its rainbowS, solar and lunar ns
| tropical environment of Victoria. ITS am
mails. birds, trees and flowers, all give !
| a unique interest to visitor from ths
temperate zone
Transforming Niagara Into Victoria.
An American we'll acquainted with Nj
agara can in the light of these items OF
comparison reproduce in imagination
Victoria Falls by considering what must
be done with the American falls to make
them approximate the African.
First straighten out Horseshoe Fall and
make it a continuation. in direct line. of
American FAN and the front of Goat
Island, and add to the width of the COM
bined falls and island another thousand
feet, or the breadth of the present
American Fall. Second, redistribute the
Niagara waters, which now come over in
n ne-tenths of their volume In a stream
of great depth at the Horseshoe Fan,
spreading this volume in a comparatively
thin sheet, two. three or four feet in
depth, over the m le-wide front of the
!, precipice, cutting Goat Island into two
islands on the lip of the falls. Third.
double the nelgnt OF the new ANld5di q
a ong it's entire mile of length Fourth.
having doubled the height of the Cana
dian bluff or precipice opposite the falls,
bring it from distance of 1.2oO feet close
to the falling waters, separated from
them only by chasm from 200 to Uo
feet wide. so close that the fallen wa
tiers beat against its foot and the waters
rising in spray battle It's summit Fifth,
close both ends of the deep, narrow
chasm separating the falls from the
Canadian precipice, SO that it shall be
trif1e longer than the river is broad, thus
apparently imprisoning and engulfing the
falling rivers waters Then, let US say
at Inspiration Point on the Canadian side,
about quarter of a mile1from the north
end Of the new falls canyon. open mar
row exit for the madly raging waters of
the imprisoned river, causing the torrent
to flow in a deep canyon for short
distance west and then southwest, almost
paralleling in reverse the rivers northern
flow below the falls; and when this first
gorge, containing whirlpool rapids and
whirlpool. gets on level with the south
ern end of the new Niagara, bend it back
again, changing its course from south
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

west to northwest until it is again on
a .evel with the north end of the canyon,
and then Zigzagg ng southwark agan,
making an M-shaped deep canyon course
of the river below the falls.
From these changes there would follow
naturally In the new Niagara Victoria $
laundering. its vast clouds of spray
smoke and its spectacular display OF
solar and lunar rlinhOWG
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

Thus the California redwood is the
tallest and most graceful of the world S
big trees: the Karasaki pine, the most ex-
tensiye in area of foliage and wide
spreading branches: the Tule cypress the
stoutest, and in combination of the ele-
ments Of circumference. height and area
of foliage the most impressive. and the
African baobab the ugliest and most
srotesQue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
A Famous Big Tree.

The famous baobab big tree OF the Vic
toria Falls group is SS feet and inches
in circumference. Its appearance sug-
gests that it is two or three baobabs
which have sprung up together and so
merged that they are now indistinguish-
able. The indication is of case OF
S.amese twins or triplets In trees.
/ have wanted to see the giant oau
bahs'' of Africa since in connection with
a visit to Militia, Mexico, and the great
tree of Tule near these ruins. READ
Humboldt's reference to these baobabs IN
a COMPARISON of them with the lule
giant. 154 feet in circumference.
Curiously enough. the same accusation
of duplicity or triplicity that suggests II
elf IN resnect to the giant oaooap was
made also in the case of the Tule tree,
though the weight of opinion among scieh-
lists is to the effect that the Iuie tree
with its widespread. harmonious, sym
metrical foliage, is one tree and not three
trees. .oa ~
deeply indented trunk the Tule Tree seems
more like a single tree than the DaoDap.
Rut even IL the decision were against the
NIFTY of this particular baobab there
are others in the Victoria Fails group
which are Enthusiastically single trees, ana
| which to the eye are almost as large II,
| circumference as the big tree ltselI. ana
| which furnish an interesting study IN
erotesoue and distorted shapes. One OF
| them which grips the interest by It's I'M
surpassed uglness resembles a glganue
| bulb. swollen with dropsy or poison
bullying at the sides, with Few feeble
/ shoots from the top.
| the great pine Of Karasaki in Japan
| which started out to be a dwarfed pine
with spraying, horizontally growing
branches after the regular model
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Victoria Falls and Niagara.

The first question asked by an Amerl'
can or Englishman Of one who has visited
Victoria Falls is: How do they compare
with the Falls of Niagara
Let us compare them first specifically In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

1M~ yard for 7-inch-
~ wide Moire Satin
and Taffeta r l b b o n s;
worth from Csc to sec.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07


MeZZamime
First Floor Balcony.
Optical Parlor,
Hairdressing Parlor,
Manicure Parlor,
Book Store,
Magazines,
Waiting Rooms.
Retiring Rooms.
This Mezzanine Balcony now
extends I55 feet, the north end
OF the first floor. With appoint
ments the latest and best, it is
already becoming the resort Of
many.
Books and Magazines are Sc
lected here in comfort, away
from the busy scene below you.
With the new fiction as soon as
published and tens of thousands
Of other books to select from
there is complete satisfaction in
visit to this Balcony Store.
The Optical Department, in
charge of Dr. Samuel, a grad
uate of two universities and later
successful practice, personally
fits all eyeglasses and spectacles.
Whether the price be as little
as S1.oo or more they are guar
anteed to give satisfactory serv-
ice. No charge for consulta-
ton at any time.
The Hairdressing and Mani
curing Parlors. with their dain-
ty appointments and expert at
tendants, found favor the very
day of the Opening" and
visitors are coming in greater
numbers daily.
The Hair Shop, in charge of
practical woman, with compre-
hensive knowledge of every de-
tail of thl, business, is the ideal
shop.
From the Waiting Rooms in
this Mezzanine Balcony one
gets an interesting view of the
vast first floor of the new and
Greater Palais Royal.
a.....:*:. ::::
Tomorrow's Bargains
In the Hair Shop.
S3 20 for s. value Transforma-
spOeI> tions. With the new pompa-
dour very low in front the Trans
formation is again in demand.
CD R6N for 1915 value Switches. p
eV6ooV inches long; used to form
the artistic coil as now worn at the
back.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
Livingstone and Livingstone Island.

~~SSSoaC Ao4oAos
The canoe trip TO Livingstone Island is
made only a short distance above the
falls from the eastern bank, and at this
stage of water is uneventful and unex-
citing. There is so little rapidity TO the
so-called rapids that the immediate prox-
unity of great fall is not in the least
suggested. The island itself is fun of
interest, both from the viewpoints it gives
of the falls and the Rain Forest precipice
and from its associations with David Liy-
ingstone, who, the first of all white men
to gaze upon the falls, saw them from
this point in 1876. He was SO carried Off
his feet by what he declares was 1.-The
most wonderful sight l had Witnessed
in Africa" that he cut his initials and
the date on a tree on the island-"the
only instance he says, Gin which I in
dulged in this piece of vanity"-and
changed the apt and poetic native name
OF the falls c'The Smoke That Sounds'')
to Victoria. giving them, he semi-apolo-
getically says. the only English name
which he affixed to any part OF the coun-
try. The tree which Livingstone initiated
10 still pointed out to visitors. Near this
tree and In proximity to the viewpoint of
the Main Fail Livingstone made a little
garden. planting hundred peach and
apricot stones and quantity of garden
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07
TornorroW's Bargains

zMc instead of s1.0O
D> yard for French
Diagonal Suitings, in all
colorS.
60 instead of $3.50 yard
W. for 46-inch-wide Silk
Border Poplin, white and
all the best of evening
shades.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

1Mc yard for the Linen
u ~ Cluny LaceS used
for best fancy work. etc.
Up to 5 inches wide, and
worth to soc.
S1 20 yard for 1s-fnch-
" u oO> wild e All-over
Venice Lace. positively
worth to $500.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

IL yard for 3-inch-
~ wide All-silk Rib
bons, in white, black and
colors; worth 15c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-07

DE- and soc for Dam
SOS tier y e C k W e a r
than usual at these
prices. All newly fash
ionable styles.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23
TIL |R D vENIRE
IN COURT TO-DAY
Beattie Trial Will Have Full Jury
When 1t Starts in Earnest
Tomorrow.

Preparations for the trial of Henry
LAY Beattie Jr.. went on briskly yes
s serday, Sheriff Gin spending the day
summoning veniremen to complete the
Jury panel. while the lawyers worked
nara TO prepare their cases for sub
mission to the jury. Rumors, which
on their face appeared favorable to
one side or the other. were traced
with care, and were found to add little
10 what was known. r. F. Ellington.
southern Railway engineer was re-
ported TO have seen Paul BeattIe on
the night OF the murder not far from
the Belt Line tracks. What seemed a
serious blow to the alibi of Paul beat
tie was weakened when railroad
records We're produced to show that
engineer Ellington was In Danville
the night OF the killing.
Some OF the defense witnesses are
at loss to know why they are called.
Dr. w: L. Ralnes. OF the Midlothian
Turnpike. asserted yesterday that he
was In Sussex county the night of the
murder, and knew nothing that would
Sned light on the case. Rowland L.
Sydnor n Midlothian dairyman. was
surprised to find his name in the list
or those wanted by the defense. He
gave 10 the newspapers yesterday the
following statement:
was surprised. shocked and in
censed when read In The Times ID is
patch this morning that was turn
coat witness. now appearing as a
leading witness for the defense In the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23

Better his eonSl:lon. :" he ." LETT ft'0 sga 10
on on august for clifton SPRINGS. where
ne grey RAPIDLY yorse until the end
same Monday night. HIS body was
taken 10 Pauling, y Y. where the in
i; ,eFment takes place He is survived
Mr.; Pierce was ntty-two years old.
and had etta!ned em!nence OF align
degree IN his profession He was n
n es1c.,e Of Quaker Hil. \ Y, and was
&c was graduated IN 1850. Entering
me railway service IN February. 1852
n the employ of the Cincinnati! and
Southeastern Railway. he continued
to the end to be Identified with the
engineering department OF various
railway lines. He first came to tho
Gnesapeake and Ohio in 1899 as eng!-
western division. with headquarters
at Huntington. ". Va In March. 1902
ne became superintendent OF tho
~aich he was promoted TO the Office
whicA he held at the time OF his death
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
Mrs. Snphronin Curtis.
fredericksburg. Va. Angus, 22-
Mrs Saphronia Curtis. widow OF John
f. Curtis. died at her home in Stafford
county yesterday. OF typhoid fever,
aged seventyive years She is sur
vived by eight children.
james E. WinEneld.
Hanover. Va. August 22-Jamcs
spo,tswood wIngheld. aged forty.four
years, died at the home OF his
sister. Mrs. James Melton. OF Eagle
Rock. on Sunday morning He is sur
viVed by two brothers. Brown and
Harvey W!ngheld. both of Richmond.
and three sisters. besides Mrs Melton.
Mrs. j. NJ. Campbell, Miss Carrie Wing
heid and Miss Emma W!ngfeld all OF
this place. For many years he had
been county, surveyor. having succeed
e%1 Ms father. the late Henry ".
w. g. Gates.
Especial to The Times-Dtspatch.l
Zion College. y. C. August 22.-w
,; Gates died here to-day. In his eighty
hlnth year. after lingering illness
extending extending oyer seven months. He
MISS Mamie Gates. Elon College. y. c.
ana Robert o. Gates. OF Norfolk.
Mr. Gates was Confederate soldier
and saw strenuous service during tho
Tour years OF the war In the Army OF
Norihern virginia. He was a member
OK the Sixth Regiment OF North Caro-
una volunteers. Company X
The burial Will take place at Cross
roads Presbyterian Church. near Me-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23

tsRe ann muFsfr Ssse rep oi MAS
misinformed, or not informed at all.
Il wish to say. in the first place,
pear as witness for either the de-
Tense or the prosecution; that, In the
second place. when am summoned.
Will then. and only then. tell what !
testimony VIII be. entirely unbiased
and without prejudice"
Mr. sydnor's name was given 70
Clerk Cogbill on Monday, fact which
day. omclaliy. ne Is Il witness. unless
his name Is withdrawn later
Third Venirc Called.
The following have been summoned
as members of the third venire:
Lester, Jas. J. Bailey. John II. Bailey
William McEnally. Terrence Il. Mem
ally. Thomas A Hancock. Lewis Rob
trtson, W. p. Rocks. d. D. Phillips
James A Spinner. Arthur stratton.
John ]. Picardat Emmett l.. Mann
Zenas l. Buchcr. Adolph Hooker. NJ. T.
Hlankenship, W: ID. Bradley. Milton c
Cole Alexander S. Collier. Edgal
Eancs. w II. Faison. c. b. Graves p
l.. Eanes. L II. Rhodes Joseph A. An
drews. W. II. Andrews.
The statement printed in an after
noon paper yesterday that attorney
for the defense had made no effort
to examine a 1909 model Buick car OF
the same type owned, by Beattie. was
denied BY II. NJ. Smith. Jr.. and officers
OF the Foster Motor Company. MIR
Smith went on two occasions TO the
garage and was courteously aided bS
members of the firm, but the only $50!
model there had been taken TO pieces
and he could not pursue his eXam!na'
ton. The article made II appeal TIM
counsel for Beattie had Dot been hon
est with the court an inference whicf
was resented with feeling.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23

But there is no more conscientious
straightforward and painstaking indi-
vidual in the world than the Virginia
farmer, and there are eight OF these
already on the panel
Where modern and up-to- date
city Nury would perhaps casually hear
the courts instruction. ana then large
ly follow the bent of its own mind
these men drawn from the remote pre-
cincts OF the county will more likely
carefully and laboriously ponder over
every word from the bench and lit
orally and accurately apply 1t as far
as in them lies. When the court in
forms them that evidence must be dis
regarded II will bt disregardod, and
that will end the matter
VIII Henry Testify.
The Same considerations may apply
TO the failure of the accused to testify
In his own behalf 1t is not now be-
lieved that Henry Beattie will go upon
the stand This ordinarily would Gre
ate q bad impression, suggesting a fear
TO come within the range of the Com
monwealth batteries trained on the
witness chair. But here the law again
throws a safeguard around the prisoner
and says: I'm any case of lelony and
misdemeanor the accused may be sworr
and examined in his own behalf and be
subject to cross examination as any
other witness: but his failure to testify
shall create no presumption against
him nor be the subject Of any comment
before the court or jury by the prose
cutting attorney"
When it comes to the task of deter
mining the credibility OF witnesses, tho
matter lies entirely with the jury
Where n number of witnesses testify
directly opposite to one another. the
jury is not bound TO regard the weight
of evidence as equally balanced. but
has the right TO decide from the APP
pearance OF the witnesses on the stand
their manner OF testifying. their ap'
parent candor and fairness. their intel,
ligence or lack OF intelligence. and from
all other circumstances appearing a
the trial which witnesses are NOR,
worthy of credit and to give credi
accordingly.
Burden the State.
Every homicide In Virginia is pre-
sumed. to be murder In the second de.
gree. In order to elevate the offens'
TO murder in the first degree. the bur
den of proof is upon the Common
wealth. and to reduce the ofrensc t,
manslaushter the burden is upon til,
prisoner. Any kind of wilful. delib
crate and premeditated killing is muir
der in the first degree. y morta
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23
Deaf HIS

CARTER-Died. at his residence, lis
West Cary Street. Sunday night. Au-
gust 20. WILLIAM f. CARTER, aged
seventy six years
Funeral Will be TO-DAY (Welnes-
daY). at P. NJ, Interment River
View Cemetery.
PIERcE-Dled, suddenly. at clifton
Springs, MR.. HENRY PIERCE, of
224S West Grace Street. His death
has brought sorrow to the hearts OF
his many friends. by whom he was
loved for his many noble qualities
Of heart. His personality endeared
all who came In contact with him.
and his answering sense OF duty
TO what was noble and best in man
For the past year his health. failed
Those nearest hoped his life might
be spared. He leaves widow, to
whom the sympathy OF the entire
community goes out. Mr.. Pierce
had been for many years with the
Chesapeake and Ohio road holding
high position, and was graduate
OF Cornell University.
His remains were taken to Paul
ing, N. Y.
%. 1911, A. ]. WILLIAMS, SIR. in
his eighty seventn year He Is sur
vived by one son. A. ]. Williams, Jr.,
and one grandson, Judson Williams
The burial will take place TO-
DAY august 23), at Midlothian, Va.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23

wound. givon with deadly weapon in
the previous possession OF the slayer,
without any provocation, or even with
slight provocation. is prlma facie will
tul' deliberate and prcmeditnted kill
ing. and throws upon the prisoner the
necessity of showing eXtenuating cir.
cumstances 1t is not necessary thai,
the intention TO kill should exist any
particular length of time prior to the
actual killing. 1t is only necessary
'hat such intention should como into
existence for the first time ut the mo
ment OF the killing or any time pre-
yiOuSly
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-08-23

suffered wrongs, there was serious
danger that Henry would have been
cast out or at least cut off with pit
lance