The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1911-07-15

Yucatan Is vast limestone formation with lit
tie or no surface water. One may travel for
miles and miles and never cross river or brook.
or even chance upon a modest spring. Indeed.
in the northern part. where most Of the great
ruined cities are located. water is fully 10 feet
below the surface of the ground. The modern
inhabitants overcome this difficulty by means
of wells and wndmills, which AFFORD the only
source Of water supply during the dry sea,
son December to June) excepting what little
rain water may have been caught during the
rainy months and stored In cisterns.
But Of wells and windmills the ancient May
as knew nothing. and, generally speaking had
It not been for the great natural reservoirs
which nature had scattered here and there
over the country Yucatan never could have
been colonized.
These great natural wells, or, as the Mayas
call them. cenotes, are found all over Yucatan.
They are usually about $50 feet In diameter, or
sometimes more, and about 70 feet In depth to
the level Of the water. Biologists say that
these. cenotes are places where the limestone
crust which everywhere covers the surface
of Yucatan, has become weakened by the
washing of subterranean waters and has cal
lapsed Of its own weight. forming great sink
holes or natural wells on a large scale. And
now It is clear why the ancient Inhabitants
of Chichen TIA 30 named their city. In the
course of their wanderings, tho general trend
of which was northward, the Itzas. entering
Yucatan from the south, finally reached the
two cenotes, around which Chichen liza later
was built, but which then was probably moth
ing but wilderness. Here the striking contrast
Afforded by such an abundance of water in
country SO generally parched could not fail to
have attracted their attention. The place must
have seemed to the thirsty wanderers God
given site for the location Of their new home.
BY right of discovery they claimed the place,
and to the city which grewSup around the CEN
otes they gave the name OF Chichen TIA, "The
Mouth of the Wells of the Itxas."
The two cenotes at Chichen Itxa have been
known by the Mayas from time immemorial
as thee Cenote Grsnde and the Cenots -Sacra-
or the large Cenote and the Sacren Cenote. TO
spectively The FIRST Of these only In former
times was used for the water supply. Of the
city, the Sacred Cenote being reserved for re-
liSious use exclusively. It Is the latter, how
ever. and the religious observances held In
connection With It. which gave tho ycity IT.
holy character. From far and near allow
Yucatan. and probably even from points more
distant, ,pilgrimages were made TO the Sacred
Cenote! It seems to have been the most holy
shrine of the Maya people, comparable only
In Importance to the Mohammedan Mecca and
the Christian Jerusalem. In time Of drought
offerings of all kinds were thrown into it
treasures, and In cases Of extremity even Nv
1ng human sacrifices. 3 r1s{N3fi
Chichen Itxa today IL somewhat changed In
appearance from the time when pilgrims came
from far ana near To- appease With human sac
Rice the wrath BE- OFFENDED kdeities. Now the
city Lee buried IN a tAtok 1uAGls, (which has
z9t1adily won IT'S way nto thS very heart a
the holy plaos.-& CoIonnsAss As$e been over
thrown, and pyramids covered with trees TO
their summit; courts have been lost in q
tapgie Of thorn and creepsrs; and palaces
stripped Of their sculptured establishment.
Dssolation has spread everywhers - the
wake Of the sncroachins vegetation