The Nashville globe. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1906-193?, 1911-11-24

These are the best orchard locations
that can be found. High places are
chosen because they are more free
from late frosts in the spring than
valley lands, but it Is quite as impor-
tant that the trees should have a great
depth of soil from which to gather
moisture, as that they should be pro-
tected from late frosts. Clay loan or
limestone formation is very good soil
for apples. Practically the best soil
for apples is that made by the disin-
tergration of granite rocks. The IA
nous Albemarle Pippin region OF
Virginia has soil of this character.
The very deep bluff soils of West Ten
nessee are excellent for apples, and
in this location the danger OF frost
can be largely overcome by the use
of orchard heaters.
In the choice of trees lor planting,
especial care should be taken to Sc
cure trees with healthy roots. There
are three common diseases of apple
roots: the Crown Call, which causes
; large burls or warty growths to form
On the roots; the Hairy Root recog-
nized by large number of fine roots
growing out from one place, usually
on the main root of young trees; and
the third is the result of Woody Aphis,
4 red brown louise, which lives in CO.
lcnies and covers itself with fine,
white fbres. This louise causes many
bulges on the root and the upward
passage Of water through it is clearly
retarded. 1t is against the law to
sell trees infested by any of these
troubles. If any of them are found
in nursery stuff, and seller attempts
to collect, the matter should be i'm
mediately reported to the State En-
tomologist. Manifestly, there are
difficulties enough in bringing an or
; chard to fruitage age, without pur-
chasing any at the start
Tt will often happen that trees in
) tested with Crown Call or Hairy Root
will make luxurious ton grOwths.
These diseases do not affect the trees
} for several years, but they have prov-
en- very great cause of injury. Some
times the trees will be twelve or fif-
; teen years old, and after leafing out
in the spring its leaves will turn yell
low and in a few days or weeks it
will die without apparent injury in
, the ton to eYplain the cause. In al
rost all instances Crown Call or
Hairy Root will have proven the cause
} Of this.
In buying peaches, June buds will
make quite as good trees as one year
} ODDS They are always smaller and
the freight charges will be much less.
, At the Experiment Station, June
) budded trees, not more than eight
inches high, were set 10 to 20 feet
in an orchard. They were in full
) bearing quite as soon as one year old
tres. and five years after setting 1t
? would have been impossible to have
b dist'nouisN ed from the larger sized
. trees planted in another orchard.
= The following is good list of va
; rieties for commercial planting. All
!. are named in the order in which they
= mature.
= Apples yellow Transparent, Early
q Harvest Red June, Duchess. These
are all summer varieties and are high
= ly recommended for Middle and West
= Tennessee, where it is believed they
will prove more profitable than winter
. sorts Delicious, Grimes, Golden,
3 Rome Beauty, York Imperial, Ben
(. Davis, Stayman, Winesap, Paragon
> Old Fash oned Winesap. Of these the
3 four first named require cold storage
!. but all can be grown with profit in the
3 State.
3 Peaches: Greensboro Carmen, Belle
!. Elberta for home use and near mark
= ct one may add to the above list
. Sneed, Mountain Rose, Champion
y Stump, Salway.
Z Cherries: Mont Morenci, Ordinaire
3 English Morello. In some parts o.
2 the State, Early Richmond Is also sue
cessful.
. Until remedy for blight can b.
g found 1t Is not advisable to plan
! pears.
y Very steep lands should never b.
e planted with fruit because Of tn
]. difficulty of cultivation and spraying
y the trees on such lands. Almost al
e high lands, slope more or less, and 1
). the ground has any tendency to wash
y the orchard rows should follow tn
e lay of the land In the direction u
). and down the hills the rows may
= equal distance apart, but on the cor
e tour of the land 1t will be impossible
:. to have the distances equal, and thu
z contour planting will always be III
y even, but the great advantage In ii
4 lage for the prevention of washin
z and the great ease of spraying wi
- more than offset this.
81 AS soon as peaches and apples ar
planted they should be pruned. If tn
one year old apple tree is bought,
az should be cut back to height of tw
and half feet. If two year oil
trees are bought the crown should