davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

ton, any use of the land which
interferes with it's preservation is
strictly forbidden. This curiosity OBJ
tanned it's name from Lieut.. Wheeler.
an early explorer in this section.
But our government does not con-
fine itself to the preservation of such
natural wonders as are untouched by
the hand of man. There are in Colo
RADIO, New Mexico and Arizona strange
dwellings, of great chronological value
and scientific value. The chief of
these is called Montezuma Castle, and
is on public land owned by the United
States, the whole reservation contain
ing some one hundred and sixty acres.
This is probably the most remarza BILE
of the larger of the cliff dwellings.
The castle is six hundred feet above
river in whose palisades are many
smaller dwellings,. 1t is reached by
leaving the train at Flagstaff, Arizona,
and riding a little less than a hun
dred miles. No one interested in eth
nology should miss seeing it, and that
it may always be preserved for the
public. the United States Government
has created it a National Monument.
When and how this strange dwell
ing was built no one knows. but it
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

HAT England proposes to con-
tinue TO be Mistress of the
Seas" as far as lies within her
- power is not evidenced by the
progressive strides being made by her
navy, but in her schools for the train
ing of boys to become officers in her
merchant marine.
Though masts and sails have left
US recently wrote Admiral Fremantle
in the London Times, "a knowledge of
the secrets of the sea is quite as
necessary 10 a modern sailor as it was
to our ancestors one hundred years
ago"
It is Fundamentally true-that
to a great extent masts and sails, as
the old sailors knew them, have passed
into oblivion. giving place, in an ever
increasing degree, to the steamship,
Vet so long as the canvas driven craft
has not wholly disappeared there will
be admirable training craft for the
young man who hopes to eventually
tread the bridge of mail and passen-
ger liners or even great cargo carriers.
Despite the vast development of
the steam craft and the driving of
the sailing vessel from the sea it is
an incOntrovertable fact that only
upon craft of the latter type can the
art OF sailor De thoroughly learned.
The youth who gains his experience
solely upon a steamer may learn
much of value, as things go nova
days, but he acquires his knowledge
dearly inasmuch as he can never hope
10 gain that spirit of resourcefulness
and coolheadedness in time of emer-
gencies, which is bred in the lad who
gains his training upon the decks of
a square-rigger.
This early training in sailing Is
desirable-indeed necessary-and not
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
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openings to caverns. Many streams
have been encountered in the in
terror of these caves and at least four
floors or levels have been partially
opened, ladders being used for ascents
There are lime traceries. massive
pillars, walls of alabaster, crystals
that are dropping from staIactites, and
in some places broad sheets of ala
baster carved and fretted by the wind
SO that it looks like Grecian drapery.
PerilOus ascents must be taken to get
far into the interior, narrow lodges
must be crawled along and danger
Gus rocks must be scaled with the
water rumb1ing underneath. Some
day much of this will be overcome
by blasting and the construction of
paths through the principal rooms
But now the caves are in their orig
inal state, The few visitors who have
been there have already begun to
carry away specimens, and realizing
we have a remarkable attraction that
some day may become renowned, the
government has made them public
property and placed them as a Ma
tional Monument under the charge of
the Forest Service.
AS a matter of fact we do not be-
gin to know what remarkable caves
may be hidden in the Rockies and
other mountains, many of whose fast
nesses have never been explored, but
whenever a remarkable cave is dis
covered and proper influence is
brought to bear, the Government will,
as a rule, set it aside for a National
Monument. In the Black Hills of
South Dakota, Custer County, there
is thought to be an extinct geyser
basin much like the one at Banff,
Canada. This basin or channel con-
sists of series of chambers and pas
sages whose walls are encrusted with
wonderful calcite- crystals. Recently.
the people in this state became alive
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

contains 20 large rooms and 8 small
rooms, besides a number of closets
that were used for storerooms. No
one can tell how large it was origi-
nally, but it is evident it was over
five stories high and about one hun
dred feet long. Great mechanical skill
is shown in the building and it is
generally conceded to be the Oldest
ruin in our southwest. and that it
was probably deserted long before
Coronado came from Mexico City
north to search for the tabled cities
of Cibola. Every year there are hun
dreds of persons who engage guides
and wagons to visit this castle, and it
is as interesting as the prehistoric
ruins of Asia or Egypt.
An interesting phase Of this Ma
tional Monument preservation is the
cooperation with the Forestry De-
partment and the setting aside of
caves as we'll as objects that appear
above the ground. President Taft has
been interested in and caused to be
set aside some remarkable caves in
Josephine County, Oregon These
Oregon Caves have never been fully
explored, but they may exceed the
Mammoth Cave in size and the halls
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

cred distance Of about $4,000 miles.
including the rounding of Cape Horn,
the latter in itself being considered a
most important feature in maritime
life.
From the moment the Port jack
son" is under way strict ship routine
is observed and the cadets do their
share toward manning the vessel.
They take their regular watches. but
portion Of each day is set aside for
the study OF navigation. As the lads
advance in skill they are given charge.
of the ship and the last class virtually
bring the ship home. each lad having
charge for a week or more at a times
The British Government and the
British ship owners are keenly inter-
ested In the training ships and their
young men and the graduates have
little difficulty in obtaining berths
when they have secured their papers
from the Board Of Trade.
Indeed there are many prizes Of
fered for competency to the cadets
of the schools and these trophies rage
from the gold medal OF the King 20
gold watches, binoculars, valuable text
books and even money. all OF which
is done to encourage the youngsters
and to show to them that what Is
worth learning is worth learning well.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
e5HU 2T2I
anchored at Rock Ferry near Liver

anchored at Rock Ferry near Liver
pool.
From the worcester and the
Conway" six appointments to the
Royal Navy are made each year and
each year the King presents a medal
to each school while Prize Days are
held under the presiden-y of a mem
Der of the royal family, the Lord Of
the Admiralty or some prominent fig
ure in the marine world.
Although these training ships re-
main stationary they give to the ca
diets much the same advantages that
would be obtained on cruising ves-
sci as far as handling sails is con-
cerned, although the boys are spared
handling canvas in a gale as they
would have to do if at sea- On the
other hand the boys are trained in
small boat work. are taught to swim
and at the same time pursue studies
that they could no. if they were afioat.
The Board of Trade recognizes the
difference between the two methods of
trafning-the anchorage and cruising
and it has ruled that it shall require
two years of service on the stationary
ships to equal one year at sea-
Although the training schools are
fostered by the Government the boys
who would enter have to pay. just as
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

already entered far surpass that cave
in beauty.
Not long ago Joaquin Miller, the
California poet, with a company OF
friends and guides went as far inside
of these caves as safety permits He
reports that there is no language ade-
quate to describe their beauties. So
far they have been explored for
distance of about two miles. No one
knows how far they extend, but as
they are situated on one side of
mountain range there are people who
think they may extend through the
mountains and there may be open
ings on the other side of the range.
There are many halls, some of them
named from the formations that deco
rate them. There is THE Crystal
Room" a room whose roof and wall
glisten like marble, for the stalac-
tites and stalagmites in these caves
are of remarkable brilliancy. There
are so many passageWays, corridors
and caverns that when these caves
become known there is reason to sup
pose they will be among the show
places of America and hundreds will
visit them to admire. At present they
are hard of access, for one must go
a distance by wagon to get to them.
Better wagon trails and easier meth
DDS Of travel are necessary before
these wonders can be well known.
Elijah Johnson, while bear hunting,
fully thirty years ago discovered these
caves and though he told of their won
ders it was not until recently that
people realized, and the state of Ore
gon understood. what a treasure was
lying concealed. Cave Mountain. the
peak that contains these caves, rises
to an elevation of about 5000 feet
and is of limestone formation. The
main openings to the caves are at an
elevation of 1000 feet, but the entire
mountainside is honeycombed with
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

they have to pay in the ships OF New
York, Massachusetts and Pennsylvania
in this country. They have to be be-
tween the ages of IL and 1914 years
and be of good character.
With this foundation the lad be-
gins to learn seamanship and to alb
sorb the qualities Of being of cheer
full submission to superfors, self-re-
speeding and Independent in charac-
ter, kind and protective to the weak.
be in readiness to forgive an offense,
have a desire to conciliate the differ
ences of others and, above all, show
a fearless devotion to duty and IN
finching trutIfulness' these being the
qualifications that will bring to the
youngster the gold medal given an
nually by the King.
The daily routine on the ''Worces-
ter is pretty much like that on all Of
the training ships except that each
Saturday afternoon the lads are given
shore leave, while there are three
weeks vacation at Easter, eight weeks
in midsummer and five weeks at
Christmas. In addition there are two
visiting days each week when parents
and friends of the cadets are welcome
on board the ship.
A British nautical training school
that gives the lads the practical end
Of seamanship is the Port Jackson.
Since the school was established in
1890 about 400 cadets have been car
ried, many of them serving full terms
of four years while others, graduates
of the Conway and Worcester
have served their three years, all com
pleting their terms having been given
Second Mate certificates.
The Port Jackson" is an Australian
packet, making regular runs from
London to Sydney, and she is a vessel
notable for her speed, having on one
occasion made 345 miles in "a hours.
From the time the ship leaves Lon
den until she returns about nine
months have ELAPSED and she has COW
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
IRE Lover o~e51eeoZo9 DecK
Win HRHz7ocRS sun

The 'sWarspite'' does not cruise. but
is anchored permanently near Green
hithe. She is, however, as thorough
ly equipped aIoft as though she were
sailing, having a full complement of
rigging and sails so that the young
sters can get ample training in work
aloft.
There are two other training ships
that do not cruise-the Worcester
and the "Conway''-and yet the grad
yates attain a high degree Of eff
cheney. The Worcester was former
ly the warship FREDERICK William
and she is of 4.725 tons. She has
four decks and is rugged as a three
masted ship. She has accommodations
for 100 cadets and usually has full
complement, Admiral Togo. of the
Japanese navy. obtained his early sea
training on the Worcester"
The Conway was also a battleship.
She annually cares for about 200 lads
between the ages of IL and Is years.
giving them their first taste of sea
life Like the Worcester" the Con
way has : permanent berth, being
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
jury rudder that served the pur-

jury rudder that served the pur-
pose.
That the sailing training ship is an
excellent feature has been recognized
by every maritime nation. The United
States has three such craft, they be-
ing maintained by the state. of New
York, Massachusetts and Pennsyl-
vania, respectively. and to them the
Government has loaned vessels that
have been equipped to meet the needs
of the work they do.
Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Bel
GUM and Japan each have their
nautical schools for the purpose of
training young men to become eff
cient merchant sailors while other
nations use sail-propelled craft for
the training of their seamen.
OF all nations. however, England
takes the lead in having been the
first to establish such a school. the
ship 'fWarspite'' having been estab
lished about $50 years ago. Since its
founding no less than 65.1Ss lads have
been prepared for sea- The average
annual attendance is about $50.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

only have all the navies of the world
sailing craft for their cadets, but the
leading steamship lines invariably
give preference to an officer who has
served a portion of his time upon a
sailing ship. These companies know
well that a lad who has been for some
three or four years in daily contact
with the work of a ship aloft, setting
and taking in sail and always keep
ing eye on the weather has
strengthened his nerves, increased his
resourcefulness and enlarged his pow
ers of observation.
In a word that officer is a sailor man
ready to act promptly when the oc-
casion demands. It is at sea of all
places that emergencies arise and
must be handled promptly. Every
now and then a steamer is saved by
a skipper who served his apprentice
ship as a sailor. Not long ago big
pole masted tramp steamer enroute
from South Africa to a West Austria
liam port lost her propeller while in
midocean.
1t is not difficult to think what the
fate of that craft would have been
had it not been that the skipper was
equal to the situation and his early
training stood him in good stead. He
took all of his awnings, hatch covers
and whatever canvas he could find
and set his crew to work making
sails. Then, with cargo booms for
yards, he rugged the masts and took
his vessel to the nearest port some
hundreds OF miles away.
Another skipper, whose early train
ing had been similar. faced the prob-
lem of getting his vessel home with
out a rudder, it having been carried
away by striking an obstruction. His
knowledge of rigging stood him in
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
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also issued for the excavation of ruins
and the gathering of objects for
reputable museums. Last year five
permits were issued for examination,
excavation and gathering of specimens
in Alaska, Navajo Indian Reservation,
Santa Clara Reservation, public lands
of Utah and Colorado and the gather
ing Of samples from the Arizona Pet
rifed Forest. Other permits were de-
MED.
Among the wonders that have been
recently set aside for National Monu-
ments-in fact it was one of the last
acts of President Roosevelt before the
expiration of his term-was the
Wheeler National Monument, a tract
Continental Divide at an elevation of
over II, 200 feet above sea level and
several miles from Wagon Wheel Gap,
Colorado. 1t consists of innumerable
columns of pale yellow sandstone, in
the shape of castles or domes, as well
as countless grotesque figures and pre-
sents a pinnacled and serrated aspect
unlike anything known to the geologi-
cal world.
This Wheeler Monument is not
easily of access and a bill is now be-
fore Congress asking for an appro-
Driation to construct a wagon road
from a point near Wagon Wheel Gap
to the Monument. the road to be built
under the direction of the Secretary
of Agriculture. The curiosity is we'll
worth a visit even if it is difficult to
get there and the surrounding Ma
tional Forests are now open to set
tiers under proper restrictions, for as
the Wheeler Monument is the attrac-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

20 the importance of preserving this
curiosity and pressure was brought to
bear in Washington so that there has
been created the Jewel Cave National
Monument. Like many others OF
these attractions it is difficult of ac-'
cess, being reached through He'll Can
yon which has high and precipitous
walls. but the time is not far distant
when an easy trail or road will lead
to it.
Montana has the Lewis and Clark
Cavern National Monument which has
a large number Of high vaulted cham
bers. 1t has two entrances and has
so far never been fully explored. but
it is known to resemble in many ways
the Luray Caverns of Virginia. But
the states that are the most fertile
fields for the creation of National
Monuments and the study OF archae-
ologists are Colorado. New Mexico and
Arizona. Gradually. attention is be-
ing called to their wonders and sew
eral of them will be preserved. The
real credit for our government at last
creating an act for the preservation
of historic landmarks, prehistoric
structures and other objects OF his
toric and scientific interest belongs TO
the Smithsonian Institute, the Ameri-
can institute OF Archaeology ana the
Geological Survey and General Land
Office. These bodies have for years
been working to bring about a senu-
ment which would call for the pres
ervation of such places and enough
surrounding area compatible with
their proper care and management.
As a result we have made a begin
ming at conserving for future genera
tons some Of or curiosities. but there
is need of awakening the public so
they will visit these places. What we
need is more exploration. If we were
half as interested in the wonders q
our own land as in those OF foreig
countries more National MonumentsH
would be created. better facilities
would be provided to reach them. and
the flood of travel that now crosses
the water would turn toward our won
derful West and its explored and un-
explored localities.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

Ia 0 one can travel through our
large and growing West with
out being impressed with the
- & wonders which various states
possess, especially west of the Miss
issfppi River. Some of these, like the
Yellowstone Park geysers. are mani
festations of nature, others are the
work of races that inhabited this con-
tinent no one knows how many years
ago, and whose origin and passing are
lost in obscurity. The Yellowstone
Park wonders, the Grand Canyon of
easily reached by rail. but there are
other districts and strange sights
which are not on the railroad and
must be visited by following Indian
or wagon trails. These are not as
commonly visited, but any one inter
ested in nature or archaeology can
usually obtain information as to
reaching any of these places from
railroads which traverse the state in
which they are situated and it is
generally easy to obtain guide and
outfit for a nominal sum after land
ing at the nearest railroad station.
For many years when the West was
sparsely settled none thought or took
the pains to bestir themselves regard
ing the preservation of our antiquities
which rank among Americas best and
compare with any to be found in for
eign lands But in the past fifteen
years a change has taken place in
sentiment and now every state own
ing a natural curiosity petitions Con
gress to set it aside as q National
Monument that it may be preserved
fer future generations. Permits are
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28
MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP
CEMETERY.


" IENNA'S newest project IN the
field of municipal ownership is
~ a decidedly picturesque and IN
teresting one-a cemetery in a for
est. Every effort will be made 70
preserve the sylvan character OF the
SPIT The Vienna city council insists
that all the gravestones and monu-
ments be Of artistic design, and each
of the latter are approved by the
cemetery director before they are
placed in position
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1911-12-28

Japan now has thirty-five electric
railroads, with a trackage OF over
six hundred miles. Japan was slow
to take up the electric method Of
travel but once established. the cars
were a decided success.
The Harrison times., 1911-04-15
Reunion OF Company K.

Following the suggestion that the
Spanish-Amerlcan War veterans of
Arkansas Join in the coming reunion
at Little Rock in May, there has
been some enthusiasm locally in the
proposition that Harrison's Com
pany X. attend in a body. This is
especially feasible in view of the fact
that some twenty of the members,
including all of the commissioned
and many non-commissioned officers
and privates are still residents of the
town, and as many more are at
points sufficiently convenient to
make it quite easy for them to Join
the party either here or at Little
Rock.
We have been reques ted by those
interested to ask all old members of
the company, who desire such move
ment, to call at the TIMES office or
write us their views, so that their
present addresses may be secured,
and they may be informed as to
future action in the matter,
The Harrison times., 1911-04-15
The News From the Stores.

The relation of the merchant to
his public is much like that of the
newspaper man to his audience.
The public, or at least the feminine
end of it, picks up the newspaper
with as much eagerness to learn the
news of bargains and Of styles as to
see what the army is doing in Texas
The merchant who does not re-
spond to this demand with a good
story about his offerings and values,
meets the same fate as the news
paper man who does not know a
good piece Of news when he meets it
on the street.
When advertising fails to attract,
it is usually because the writer failed
to make it newsy. In this spring
season there is a human interest
story in every retail business, a
story Of the fleeting caprices of style,
Of shrewd bargaining by which the
merchant has protected his custo-
mers, of overstocks that help family
income 60 farther.
The public listens, Mr.. Merchant,
\Are you there?