Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1911-09-15

eeived the idea of building. The maltha-ined cio
terms found In Egypt and at Petr@a, although of
unknown antiquity, are still in perfect state
of preservation and fit for practical use 1t is al
a well-established fact that in the preparation
of material for embalming and encaustic painting
In Egypt and Mexico maltha formed the principal
part
Many theories have been advanced as to how
hitllmen has been produced, but general chem.
Teal formula be given for the occurrence OF
che several curious forms of the product. There
is no doubt, however that bitumen represents
a substance that is obtained from petroleum
found in its liquid state in the containing rocks
and by the process OF natures laboratory has
been gradually converted into its more solid form
THIS process may be described evaporation.
As the oil seeps to the surface, generally by its
'owa gaseous pressure, the natural cases. spir
1tnous and light oils are evaporated by the sum-
and the residues, asphaltum and maltha, formed
Indications of the presence of petroleum are fire.
'adenty found on the surface in the form of btu
men. but there is no fixed rule, and recent dis
'coSeries seem to upset the theory that oil can
only be found under certain conditions. Wells
have been sunk and oil found along the coast of
California, where the operations have even ex-
tended for some distance into the sea. In q
variety of climates and from the sea level up
through the lofty ranges OF the Andes has this
remarkable Tight of the world" been secured
Petroleum, also known mineral oil, crude
oil, and stone oil, may be described as LIQUID
form of bitumen, found seeping from the crevices
OF rocks and floating about on the surface of the
water. Its color varies from a light straw,
through amber red and brown, to a dark green
and black. 1t is mixture of hydrocarbons or
compounds of hydrogen and carbon varying con-
siderabiy. according to the locality in which 1t is
found. In both composition and consistency and
OF two distinct varieties asphalt base and paraf1n
base with many constituents.
The more volatile and infiammable portions OF
the raw product separated by refining each
constituent being taken off and collected sep
arately by gradually raising the temperature of
the oil and passing the consequent vapors or
gases through a series of condensers. The prod
acts from the parafln bases are usually taken OF
as follows: Gasoines and naphthas, Kerosene or
standard white as II is now known other Hunt
mating oils. light and heavy lubricating oils, par
ann. and greases of various descriptions The
percentage OF each product recovered from the
crude varies according to the character OF the
crude. fair average of Pennsylvania crude oil
ran as follows; Gasoline, X per cent: naphthas
IA per cent; kerosene, IS per cent; lubricating
ellis, IL " per cent parafn per cent; and residue
or pitch, etc, 10 per cent Many varieties Of
petroleum require special treatment in order to
eliminate sulphur and other Objectionable ele-
ments. From the ssphalt-base petroleum is de-
prfved of residuum employed in the manufac-
turo of insulating. water-proofng and roofing ma
Aerisls. A residuum known coke" is also
used as fuel and in the manufacture OF carbons
for arc lights and electric batteries.
Along the banks of stream in Psnpsylvaania
cow known under the prosaic title o. vi Creek