Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-03-10
Dai;ry;,,g In Germany

merritt Greene, ST.. submits INFORM
at Cologne, Germany. and Institutes so
and cost of production between iowa
Cologne, Germany. Feb. .. 1911.
Mr.. Merritt Greene.
Marshalltown, Iowa.
Sir:
have the honor to acknow-
ledge the receipt Of your letter OF the
9th OF December. 1910. 1t has taken
some time to find dairyman VINO was
willing to give the required informa-
ton which will account for the delay
in my answer.
Butter and cheese Is not made IN the
dairy that I visited. in fact cheese
making Is not very large industry IN
Germany, the supply coming mostly
from Denmark, Holland. and Switzer-
land. Nearly all OF the cheese factor
les in Germany are on the borders of
Holland, Denmark Russia and Swift
zeriand Soft cheese however. is made
everywhere In Germany. BY this
mean the Impressed kinds. such as are
called cottage cheese. Limburs. Ger
vais. etc, in the United States. besides
MANY other varieties not known in the
States.
Butter is made in creameries the
same az in the States and ] would in
fer that the same processes are used.
The best quality of dairy butter costs
at the factory near Cologne for 80 cents
per German pound 1.10 pounds Eng
lish) the year round. Packages up
to ten German pounds or eleven Amer
lean pounds may be sent by mail any
where in Germany for II cents with
delivery charge of 80. cents added
Mr.. Theodore Fuehling, of Rittergut
Horbell pos. Office Frechen. about six
miles from the city gave me permission
to visit his dairy. which did Saturday
last and give you the result Of my in
vestigation as follows:
The Farm and It's Crops.
The farm consists of S64 acres OF all
arabic land The dwelling house is Of
brick two stories and basement. The
stables are two stories, of brick with
cement floors and ceilings. Each
stable OF which there are several. con-
sists OF one large room. in which the
animals are fastened by chains. Ce-
nent troughs for feeding extend in
front OF each row Of cows, which in
mos. case. consists of twenty-three in
row.
The principal crops grown are sugar
beets. wheat oats and clover. The Gull
tivation il OF the most approved inten-
slve type. and is most thorough. For
feeding the tops Of the beets are pre-
served in pits. and the straw Is stacked
near by Only wheat and oat straw is
fed FOR roughness. being supplemented
by clover as required
All the farm tools are made on the
place and of course repaired there. The
farm Is provided with a large engine
driven by steam, made by gas which
is generated from brown coal on the
place. This engine Is run during the
day and generates electricity for driv-
ing the necessary machinery and for
furnishing electric light. Accumulators
supply the light used at night.
High Value Of Land.
The price of land varies according to
its quality and the distance from a
large city. The number and quality Of
buildings also enter in. as well as the
size of the farm. In the vicinity where
Mr.. Fuehling's farm lies. which has an
exceptional good soil. farms are worth
from SAT- to 1854 per acre This price
precludes pasturing and all animals are
kept confined the year round, except IN
places where the community owns the
meadows. which, after the last cutting
of hay in the fall, are sometimes rent
ed for pasturing the village cows. One
may travel all over Germany and not
see a horse. colt. COW, calf or hog in an
open pasture. once a COW enters the
stables she does not go out until her
value for milking purposes renders 1t
necessary to dispose Of her to the
butcher.
Value and Breed Of Cows.
The average value OF COWS may vary
with the season and the supply. AT
present an average COW costs $3.50.
The breed most used here is the Hol-
land or Friesian, called in America
Holsteins, generally black or spotted.
They are good milk givers in quantity,
but not especially rich in butter fat
The length of time a COW is MIXED
varies with the animal from 10 to II
months being the usual time. The av-
erage yield per COW per day in the
dairy IN question is from IAN to 15h
litres Qitre-10567 Quarts) or about
5000 pounds for ten months. The cows
are MIXED three tinss per day. at 8
a. M, $3.50 a. m. and 5 p. m. Each
man is required to milk tWenty-three
COWS. taking about two hours each
time. The same men are required to
iced ana WASH Inc COWe oS We. -
clean the stables. A record 10 kept OF
the daily production OF each COW.
The Daily Rstion.
The daily ration which in summer
has clover substituted Tor the sugar
beet tops in winter to give green
food il composed Of first. all the straw
the animals will eat. This 10 fed to
them in q natural state. but one might
infer that run thru q feed cutter. 1t
might be more economically managed.
especially as the power for cutting
would cost practically nothing. The
present ration consists Of best root
tops, for green, linssed oil-caies. palm
seed cake, cocoa nut cake, peanut cake,
brewers malt. sugar beet refuse. rios
meal and tho residue left from rye
| which has been distilled. All these arti-
cles are in . dry state. Tho sugar beet
refuse is the residue from the beet At
ter the Juice has been pressed for sugar
making.
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