The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1911-08-08
A CHARACTER STUDY:
IOHN CALDWELL CALHOUN
,Contirtued from page five.)

-,cping the plan which L have con-
oefved. I will give him 15O,000 Of the
4over of the French army. the vic
corn Of a hundred battles. I will take
.o 200 men new recruits, and the plan
u-b+ch he does not understand and
dare not execute, l myself will carry
out on another part Of the theatre
var. What he fears to attempt on
che Rhine. ] will accomplish On the
AIMS. The day may come when he will
regret the glory which he Yields to
me" There were never nobler, more
,neelffsh or more generous words ut
tered by man, and yet Napoleon is
called q selfish, heartless and blood
thirsty monster. While Calhoun was
Secretary Of War. Gen, Bernard was
chief of the corps of engineers and a
4avorite officer Of Napoleon, often
compared him to that great man. Mr..
PIaine in his book, Twenty Years in
CONGRESS- appreciated the clearness
and strength of Calhoun's topic, when
he saws: His premises once admitted.
r. IS difficult to resist the force Of his
Conclusions" Mr.. Pinkrey, the great
MARYLAND statesman feeling the force
and power of Calhoun's argument
saws: The strong power Of genius
from a higher region than that Of
argument, had thrown on subject
all the light with which 1t is the pre-
roeative of genius to invest and illus
1rate everything." Northern writer's
have traduced Calhoun as the invent
or of the idea of State Sovereignty for
selfish and unpatriotic designs and a
2 morbid hatred to the Union. The Vir
einia and the Kentucky resolutions OF
1875 were the foundations OF the
States Rights party. Mr.. Jefferson was
the author of the Kentucky resolu-
tons. In the first of the resolutions
he says: The Constitution Of the
United States is a compact between
the States. that certain powers were
DELEGATED to the Genera Government,
reserving each State to itself the resi-
duary mass of right to their own self
government, that whatsoever the gen
eral government SSumeS u~ndeiegated
powers it's acts are void and OF no
force, that the Government created
by this compact was not made the ex-
elusive or final judge Of the intent
of the powers delegated to itself, since
that would make its descretlon ana
nor the constitution the measure or its
powers but that as in all other cases
of cOmpac among powers having
no common judge each party has an
tQudl . u S1OiA ~ 80
of infractions as Of the mode and
measure Of redress. The Virginia reso-
lutions declare the Constitution to be
a compact, and that in case Of a de-
deliberate, palpable, and dangerous
exercise Of other powers not granted
by the solid compact, the States who
are parties thereto, have the rlght,
and in duty bound to interpose tor
arresting the progress Of the evil. Mr..
Madison made q rQDOrt TO the VIZ
ginina House of Delegates on the reso-
lutiOns which occupies IL pages or
fine print in Stephens History OF the
United States. 1t is an able State paper
and we'll worth reading. 1t will be OBJ
served that the Kentucky n Vlr-
sinia resolutions both declare the
Constitution a compact and that the
States have the right to judge Of it's
infraction as we'll as the mode and
measure of redress. Mr.. Calhoun sim
ply undertook to carry into practlce
by his doctrine of qualification the
principles enunciated in these resolu-
tons. In his boo on Government, the
greatest specimen of human reasoning
ever written by man, he discusses on
page 241 his doctrine of a mutual neg
atlVe on the part of the Federal and
States Governments. His reasoning is
SO metaphysical and scholastic that
II is difficult to grasp it. Hamilton IN
~5lnance, Napoleon in war. in
government, We're supreme in their re-
spective spheres and they alone could
comprehend their theories. Calhoun's
theory of government is ideal and is
a conception worthy of a God. and if
the people had virtue n sense
enough to keep the Federal and State
government within their sGheres
there would be perfect harmony and
mere could be no more collision be-
tween them than there could be be-
tween the planets regulated by the
lmmutable laws Of God. But. poor
fallen man must settle things with gun
powder. Notification, he argues was
a peaceful remedy by preventing OPP
preston by majorities and that Sc
cesslon would produce war as it prov
ed to be. Mr.. Rhett in his eulogy on
calhoun says: The difference be-
tween his expositions and those Of