The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1911-12-24
PROBLEMS
AND IMMIGRATION
(Contlnued From Tirst RACES

HNUIHI vlldkAlIUM
Continued From First Page)
and Oklahoma. In the Mosabi and
Vermilion iron ore ranges of Mime
sofa, us well as the iron ore and cop
per mining districts of Michigan, many
such communities are also found. The
usual mining community of this char
acter consists of Il small town or
mining operations are conducted at A.
number of points. These outlying
mining regions arc generally connect
ed with the urban centre by steam or
electric railroads. The town OF Wind
Der is in Western Pennsylvania, byway
OF illustration, has a population or
ABOUT 5000 persons. and Is the centre
OIL twelve mining camps. II was
founded In 1897 by the opening of
bitumlnous coal mines. for which pur-
pose 1900 experienced Engiishmen
and 400 native Americans were brought
into the locality. With the opening
OF the new mines southern and East
community, and at the present time
eighteen races ut recent Immigration
are numbered among It's mine workers.
The town OF Windo sr proper has a sec
ton occupied by native Americans and
three ioraiSn COLONIES. Inc outlying
mining villages consist % company
houses in mich recent Immigrants
ave almost exclusively. The Southern
and bastsrn Europeans nave lneIr
churches. banks, steamship agencies,
and business establishments in the
town of Windber itself, to which they
go to transact their business and to
seek amusement. Food and other ar
ticies are principally purchased in the
company stores of the mining villages
Although not SO numerous. commune
ties oil this type are not infreuuentt,
established in connection with the
leading industries, such as the manu-
facture of iron and steel, glass, cot
ton' and wooden goods. Gary, lnGl-
ana, is an Industrial community large
~ made up OF recent immigrants,
which has been brought into existence
because OF the erection OF large
steel plant within the past few years.
Whiting, Indiana. Is likewise a small
city recently established in connec-
ton with the oil refining Industry. the
population OF which is composed prin-
cipally OF Southern and Eastern Eu-
ropean Immigrants.
Glnss-Mnking Communities.
Charleroi, kcnsington, Tarenturn
and Arnold. in Western Pennsylvania,
and Crystal City. near st. Louis, Mis-
souri,. furnish examples OF glass manu-
featuring communities of this descrip-
ton. Charlerot has a I present q popu-
lation OF about 10000. composed chief
l. of French and French Belgians,
with an admirture of Poles. Slovaks,
North and South Italians, and other
races from the South and East of Eu-
rope. This community was establish
ed about 1890. when its FIRST glass
factory was erected. and has grown In
size and Importance AS the glass In
dustry within Its borders has been
extended
Another illustration Is the recently
established iron and steel manufac-
turing community at Granite City and
Illinois, which. under normal
conditions. has the distinc-
ton OF being the largest Bulgarian
colony in the United States. These
two cities Immediately Join each 9TH
CT, and for practical purposes are ons
industrial community. the distinction
between them being more artificial
than real In 1892 its sight was an
unbroken stretch OF cornfields. Dur
Ing the past seven years 1t has had an
expansion in business
a md population. due to the extension
OF its Industrial activities.
The original wage-earners were
English. Germans. Irish. Welsh. and
Poles By 1900 the demand for un-
skilled labor, because OF the erection
Of new steel foundries and a car,
building plant. could no longer DO
supplied by Engllsh-speaking people. |
Consequently. in that year, slovaks
from st. Louis were employed by the
local industries In 1902 came the
Magyars, followed by few Croatians.
Mixed groups OF Rumenians. Greeks.
and Servians followed. In the years
1904 and 1905 began the swarming of
the Bulgarians to tn. community. and
by the autumn OF the latter year fully |
1900 had arrived. Two years later
Bulgarian immigration reached its
high water mark with 5000 OF this
race. In addition to tho Bulgarian
there are about 1000 recent immi-
Servians, Lithuan-
ians, Ciovaks, MAJ yars and Poles be-
Ing the principal races represented.
The total population OF the community |
conditions to he about 10000. The
b0lSarians and other foreign races
have built up practically and exclusive
IL an Immigrant town short distance
from the American section OF the two
rit!es. which aas come IN popular parl-
ance 20 be called Hungary Hollow"
Here Bulsarians. Servians. Ruman-
Ians. and few Magyars and Armen-
ians I've together entirely. apart from
any American influence.
Immigrant Institutions.
In the tnlmtEr colonies nj .
trial towns md cities the population
Is segregated from tho native Amer
leans. and Institutions have been de-
reiSped TO NEE: the peculiar needs OF
tho Immigrant population. Each has