The copper era., 1911-09-22
GROW SMALL GRAINS
Rain in May and June Gives Crop
 Good Start.
For That Reason Earlier Varieties Have Better Chance to Produce Larger YieIds-Two-Rowed
 8arIeys Better Adapted.

1 1 In the semi arid territory there Is
 usually a rain fall of from four to ] eight inches during the months of May l and June. writes Manley Champlin In 1 the Farmer and Breeder. This rain
 gives the crop a good start, but ordi-
 narily there is very little rain in July
 and early August. There is also more
 pr less danger of hail in the latter part 1 of July. For this reason the earlier
 varieties of grains have better chance to produce good crops. The late va
 rieties spend their time and moisture prodtgally growing tall heavy straw and find themselves in a serious position when the midsummer drought comes They are in much the same
 position that the boy was in spending
 a summer afternoon in the old swim
 min hole" and found when he was
 about to dress and start for home that some mean boy had hidden his clothes.
 He couldn't go much farther. Neither can the late varieties of grain. They
 get ready to produce a bumper crop then find themselves without moisture and cannot fill, thus giving partial or total failure. The earliest varieties, therefor, are usually the best for dry farming, though some seasons may be exceptions They do not produce very much straw They begin heading out in the last week of June and are usu- ally we'll filled before the drought gets serious
 Besides earliness, some kinds of small grains possess drought resistant qualities. They were developed in regions of light rainfall and sudden changes of temperature, and have be- come accustomed to that kind of a climate. Some of them even relish this kind of climate and will be smit- ten with rusts and blights and yield little or nothing if grown in humid sections The varieties that are be- coming the commercial standards in this territory were introduced origin ally from eastern Russia by the United States department of agricul- ture. The climate of eastern Russia Is similar to that of our territory and the fluctuations of temperature are even more extreme. This fact has made them readily adaptable to our conditions.
 Some of the varieties that have proved especially valuable and are now widely distributed are given be- low. The settler, when buying seed. should take every. precaution to be. sure that it is pure and of the variety which he thinks he Is buying. There was a large amount of mixed and falsely named seed sold to new set tiers in this region last spring. Losses of. this kind can be best averted by buying of neighbor or. of a responsible seed firm.
 The two-rowed barleys seem to be better adapted to this section than the six-rowed, although one six-rowed barley-the Odessa-has a good rec ord at the South Dakota experiment station, where it has been grown for several years. It has short straw and ripens early Kitzing and Hanna bar Ieys are two-rowed varieties that have good records and enc of the Hannas, Hanna 24, has become widely distrib- uted. The South Dakota experiment station issued a bulletin last summer giving results and methods used in growing barley, which can be secured by those desiring to go into the barley problem
 The small yellow early oat known usually as SiXty-Day has made good records wherever it has been growl. and is becoming well distributed A yield of 50 bushels or more per acre Is nothing uncommon for this variety in western South Dakota and Nebras- ka It is ready to cut by the middle Of July: thus lodging the drought that usually begins shortly after the fourth of July. On a homestead 100 miles west of Pierre a yield of 65 bushels per acre has been obtained. This yield was produced on typical soil of the region-a heavy brown clay. This variety was introduced from the Kherson valley in Russia and has been tested and increased at the Ne braska ard South Dakota stations un- til it is now widely distributed and easily obtainable.
 Another very desirable oat variety, for our purpose is the Swedish Select. This is only medium early. but often makes large yields. especially if 1t receives a good shower during the heading period. The grain when well filled is large, white, and plump and often overweights..