davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
the. COWBOYS TICKETS.
They Were Good On the Train. but
Only For 4 Little While.

They Were Good on the Train, but
Only For . Little While.
A bunch Of old time travelling men
were visiting ut 4 Topeka hotel. and
talk turned on to courageous conduc.
tors II have known"
A story was told on Joha Becker,
for years u conductor on the Santa
Fe. He was practically awarded the
palm for being the bravest "con" who
ever set foot on u through Kansas
train in the old and perilous days.
One day. just after the Santa Fe
train had left Dodge City. Becker pass
ed through the car to take up the
pasteboards Two cowboys had board
ed the train at Dodge, and Becker
went up to them and said. Tickets.
please
For an answer the cowboys WHIPPED
out big .revolvers-the Colts blue steel
brand. ~ caliber-and replied:
Here they are!"
They're good" said Becker quickly.
with deprecatory wave of his hand.
and be passed on through the car.
The cowboys chucked their ''irons'
back into their holsters and settled
back comfortably. thinking that the
train was theirs.
Becker walked on back to his little
wardrobe at the front end Of the next
car and. unlocking it. took out a
sawed of double barreled shotgun
loaded with slugs. He cooked both
hammers-for it was before the ham
merless automatic days-and. getting
the gun properly placed in front Of
him, be marched back into the car
where the cowboys were.
he stepped briskly in front Of them
and showed the big gun into their
faces. holding it at such an angle that
a shot would have swept of the heads
of both.
Then he said again. gently. "Your
tickets. please"
The hands of the cowboys twitched
convulsively toward their pockets. and
Becker interjected. Give me those
tickets, please. that have handles and
shove 'em ut me with the handles to-
ward me-toward me. understands" he
added. bearing down hard with the
emphasis ON me-
The tickets came across with the
handles in the requested direction.
Nov. dig up the coin." ne demand
ed. Ito the next station where we
STOP"
They dug.
"Now. ut the next station you fel-
lows unload. Understand" The saw
ed off was still at u dangerous location
and the hammers still up.
The cowboys nodded vigorously in
the affirmative. and they unloaded
quickly and without words at the next
stop.
Becker made no fuss over the mat
ter: didn't talk about It at all. He just
accepted it as part Of the days bust
ness and seemed to see nothing In it
that was neutrality-suspicious. City
Journal.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
NOTICE OF MORTGAGE SALE

Notice is hereby given, that that
certain mortgage, executed and de-
livered by Jacob Rem and Magdalena
Rem, husband and wife, Mortgagors'
to the Wilton Bank, corporation,
moktgagee, dated the 10th day of
March, A. D. nineteen hundred and
eight, and fled for record in the ONCE
of the register of deeds of the county
of Burleigh and state of North Dakota,
on the 9Th day of July, A. D. 1905,
and recorded in Book 80, of Mort
cages. at page 1873, will be foreclosed
BY a sale of the premises In such mort
gage and hereinafter described, at
the front door of the courthouse In
the city of Bismarck in the county OF
Burleigh and state of North Dakota, At
the hour of two O'Clock p. m. on the
18th day of September, 1911, to satisfy
the amount due upon said mortgage
on the day Of sale.
The premises described in said mort
cage and which will be sold to satisfy
the same, are those certain premises
situated in the county Of Burleigh
and state of North Dakota, and des'
cribed as follows, towit:
The northeast quarter (NE LAY OF
section eighteen (1S) in township one
hundred forty-four (144) north OF
range seventy-seven GU west of the
Fifth Principal Meridian, containing
100 acres, more or less, according to
the government survey thereof.
There will be due on such mortgage
at the date of sale the sum of four
hundred seventy-five and $500
(S475.95) dollars.
Dated at Wilton this End day OF
August, 1911.
A corporation, mortgage.
B. E, TUITION,
Attorney for Mortgage.
Wilton. North Dakota.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Road. 81 the 61dsn Time.

4 curious illustration Of the lack Of
~ systematic authority over the
roads In England, even as late as the
afteenth century, is preserved in the
records of the manor Of Aylesbury.
A local miller; named Richard Boose.
needed some ramming clay for the re-
pair of his mill. Accordingly-we learn
from "Old Country Inns"-his servants
dug a great pit In the middle Of the
rad, ten feet wide and eight feet deep.
and 80 left 1t to become filed with
water from the winter rains. A glow
Or from Leighton Buzzard, on his way
home from market, fell in and was
drowned. Charged with manslaugh-
ter, the miller pleaded that he had no
place wherein to get the kind Of clay
be required except on the highroad.
He was acquitted.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Tea 1nmsns,

II used to be q tea faster In Han.
kow," said a New York tea dealer.
'but I got a bad attack Of tea tremens
and had to give up the Job. Tea
tremens is a recognized disease among
Chinese tea tasters. These men don't
swallow a drop Of tea from one weeks
end to another. They simply hold the
tea in the mouth, get an idea Of its
aroma and then eject It, but neverthe
less the aroma of the tea causes vio-
lent nervous attacks, with sleepless'
ness and even Authorizations that are
known all over China as tea tremens.
I have never had delirium tremens.
but IL it's one-half as bad as the tea
sort I pity the poor victim"
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Hov IN Ostrich Shows Temper.

When annoyed or anS"red by tue ap
prOach Of Il human being. says Il writ
er in the Strand Magazine. the male
ostrich slightly arches his neck. and
dra wing Il, big breath. he blows ont
his neck and iSSUp> three note dt'
fiancp ,"l,o ir,.tm-,.n"'. X is in tlt
last prolonged noe :h3t his neck
sweIIS out SO abHDrnaily. The hen
bird never drums. IS the natives
term IT. thnhyh have heard nf one
that tviet: very harh II aye tn" mate
but the result WIS GNH$:iv fixture.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Enaiish 9vrnamos.

The following list of surnames actu-
any extant in England today was COM
posed by a Mr.. Buggy. an Official in
Doctors Commons, who had his own
name changed by law: Asse. Bub.
Boots, Bones, Beast, Cheese, Cod,
Cookies, Ounce. Demon, Dam, Drink
milk, Fatt, Frogge, Goose. Ginger,
Ghost, Gimlet. Gready, Hugg, Hump,
Headach, Jug, Jelly, Kneebone, Kid
ney, Leaky, Lazy. Mug, Monkey, Pig
head, Poker. Radish, Rottengoose,
Snags, Swine, Vittles.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
A Trick Of The Sun.

Upon a mountain In Andalusla
quaint spectral forms are frequently
seen. Whenever there is heavy mist
and persons are ascending the noun
thin they appear in all their ghostly
snlendor and sometimes 50 suddenly
"A to strike dismay ipto the hearts OF
those who see them for the first time.
Of course It is all a trick played by
the sun. When a mist partially
shrouds the mountain the sun Is nat
urally obscured. and then he revenges
himself by projecting the shadow OF
any person who is ascending the
mountain until It assumes the form OF
Of 4 gigantic specter.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
The Reason.

'How did you ever happen to call
your little daughter Dagmar"
my wife found after careful inquiry
that it was about the only thing we
could call the little one without run
ming the risk Of naming her after some
relative Of mine."-Chicago Record
Herald
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
NOTICE OF MORTGAGE SALE

Notice is hereby given that that
certain mortgage. executed and de-
livered by Will s. Houchin and Jennie
Nav Houchin, husband and wife, mort
Raeors, to The Wilton Bank, corpor-
alton, mortgage, dated the 23d day
of February, A. D. nineteen hundred
and ten, and filed for record in the
Office of the register Of deeds In the
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
FOR SALE-lAN0.

FARM LANDs-$200 and easy pay.
ment, buys twenty acre improved
farm; colse to town of 1000; agri.
culture experiment station; near
gulf; cozy house, we'll fenced; pro-
duces $3.50 to $500 per acre; de.
lightful healthy climate; abundant
rainfall; farmers association and
canning factory insures cash mar.
ket; good schools, neighbors; pos.
session at once. J. E. Lord, Wig
gins. Miss.
FOR TRA0E-160.acre farm, 100 acres
under cultivation, three miles from
town. Will trade for city property.
Address Mcpherson, care Tribune.
EQUITY of 500 in a half section Of
land, two miles from Regain, Bur-
leigh county, at SIS an acre; de-
ferred annual payments 6 per cent.
Equity can be bought for $3.50. Ap-
ply No. 40, Tribune Office.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
When . soft Drink II Hard

"You are arrested on very serious
charge, my good man." began the
court, looking at the man severely.
"You are accused Of getting into q
fight and hitting the complainant over
the head with bottle. What have
you to say for YOURSELF"
'Your honor, I didn't mean to hurt
him. I never thought that 1t would
hurt him very much. cause the bot
tie contained nothin; but soft drink"
returned the prisoner. - Milwaukee
Free Press.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
FOR SAlE-LAN0,

FOR 8ALE-The NEK Of Section 20
Township 135, Range "a, situated in
Morton county, North Dakota, about
miles northwest of the town Of
Flasher. There has been IS acres
of this land under cultivation; the
balance is unbroken. For price and
terms please address Geo. Thomas
Janesville Wis.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
His Act'evem snts.

"After | am gone. ne complained.
''ppOplp will begin t. notice what
have done"
We'll" his wife sadly replied. 1T
thev do it won. take them long,
Chicago, H.surd Herald.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Thoughtful Lad.

Voice From Below - Harold, you
mustn't interrupt the plumbers at
their work. dear. Harold - It's all
right, mother. I'm only talking to the
man who sits on the stairs and does
nQthing.-Icc1c-.- d.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

In the Matter of the Estate of Cor
nelius d. Edick, deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the under
signed Matilda e. Edick, administrative
Of the estate Of Cornelius D. Edick, late
of the City of Kissimmee, in the county
of Osceola and state Of Florida, deceased,
to the creditors of and all persons hav-
ing claims against said deceased. to ex-
hibit them with the necessary vouchers.
within six months after the first publi-
cation of this notice, to said admins
tratrix at the Office Of Arthur Van Horn,
who is my agent in North Dakota, and
his address Is Bismarck, N. D.
Dated August 10. A. D. 1911.
MATILDA E. EDICK.
Administrative.
5OHN F, PHILBR1CK,
Attorney for Administrative.
First publication on the 18th day of
August, A. D. 1911.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
Shrewd Woman.

HOward-I can't get my wife to pay
her bills by check. Edward-Why not:
Howard She says that she won't have
the horrid bank people know what
everything costs her.-Judge.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
|. @. OF +,

COURT BISMARCK, No. SS7. Meets
every fourth Thursday in each
month at Odd Fellows hall. Jo.a
Yegen, c. T.; r. D. Hoskins, r. s.;
I. W. Healy, +. s..
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
\. q. u. w.

LODGE, No. 12o. Meets
tho first and third Tuesdays At
Baker Hall at o'clock. C. T,
Wyncoop, M. w.: Bradley c. Marks,
recorder.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

Such help as we can give each other
in this world is debt We owe each
other-Ruskin.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
ElkS.

B. p. o. E. No. 1889 meet At Elks'
hall first and third Fridays Of tho
month. Visiting brother welcome.
r. L. Best, E.. R.; Carl PederDoa.,
Secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
6. A. r.

JAMES B. MCPHERSON POST, No.
!, Department Of North Dakota
Grand Army Of the Republic. Meets
at their rooms in the Armory on
the SECOND and fourth Thursdays
OF each month. John w. Millett,
commander: A. D. Cordner, adju.
tank
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
MACCA8 BEES.

K. o. T. N. Meets every first and
third Thursday of each month at
8 o'clock p. M, at I. o. o. F. han.
Visiting members cordially invited
D. c. Ramp, commander; Erick
Erickson, record keeper.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
HoMEsTEADERs

CAPITAL CITY HOMESTEAD. No.
300. Meets second and fourth Fri.
days OF the month at I. O. o. F.
nail 1t 8 p. m. John. A. Larvau,
president; J. c. Whitfield, secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
COMMERCIAL CLUE.

COMMERCIAL CLUB OF BISMARCK
Regular meeting of club member.
ship tho first Tuesday in each
month; regular meeting Of board Of
directors he first Friday of each
month. at Commercial club rooms.
Third street. Geo. A. Welch. presi.
dent; A. B. WEIGH. secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

A SNAP in real estate. Improved
quarter section of land, seven miles
from Wilton, N. OAK; Is acres
broke; $40 an acre. J. G. Ander-
\ son, Wilton, N. Oak.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
lAEQR UNIONS.

UNITED BROTHERHOOD o. CAR.
penters and Joiners, No. Ills.
Meets every Thursday evening at
kuntz's hall. All brothers cordi-
ally invited to meet with US. C.
B. French, president; John Danrot.
treasurer; W. G. Gorsuch, secretary.
Fred Anderson. financial secretary.
TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION NO. 40.
Neets first Sunday in each month
at p. m. Gus Syvertson. presi.
dent; H. c. Hines, secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
DRESS
FOR sALk-LoTS.

BUY a lot In Riverview addition and
make a big profit on your invest
ment. Our prices are only so to 60
per cent of those asked for poorer
lots elsewhere in the city. Water
and sewer guaranteed for all lots
and sidewalks ON over one-half.
Taxes will run from 500 to $500 per
lot. No lot under so feet wide.
We have kept every promise made
to our purchasers. Best lots only
6 blocks from new postofice. Sew
eral houses being built and more
will follow this fall. Buy now be-
fore prices are raised 10 per cent.
F. E. Young, Agent.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
PYTHlAN slsTERa.

PVTHIAN SISTERS,
LINCOLN TEMPLE, No. 2. neeta
second and fourth Thursoays each
month at X. p. hall. Nrs. 8 r.
vleness, N. E. c., Mrs. Nellie Ev.
arts, N. Of R. & c.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

+ = = = = = = Z Z . = . = . . . .
e Answering WANT ADS q
e viii keep you Up to date-keep E
= you near to the life Of the city. q
9 q q z = = Z = = + . q q = q
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

WANTED TO sEW-Ladies plain
clothes. Children's clothes, also
gentlemen's and boys shirts. No.
5 Broadway, west.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
MISCELLANEOUS.

A SNAP in real estate. Improved
quarter section of land, seven miles
from Wilton, N. OAK; IS acres
broke; $40 an acre. J. c. Ander-
son, Wilton, N. Oak.
WANTED TO sEW-Ladies plain
clothes. Children's clothes, also
gentlemen's and boys shirts. No.
5 Broadway, west.
FOR TRAOE-2SO acres of prairie.
Settled country. Two miles to town,
church, school and railway. Sher.
burne county. Only five per cent
and long time on unpaid amount.
Cheap. Write care of this paper,
giving full particulars about your
land.
Start in business for yourself, make
from $100 to. 5000 a month easy.
No experience required. A sure
winner. Small investment requir.
ed to carry necessary stock Of
goods. Zulu Mfg. Co., 20 So. Clin.
ton St., Chicago.
MISUNDERSTANDING (prices to
suit ally. Your patronage solicited.
Call at 312 First street.
FOR SALE cHEAP-Two second
hand automobiles in excellent con-
dition. Lair Motor Sales Co.
FOR SALE-A Ford runabout. cheap,
in good condition. J. E. Anton. j,
WANTE0-Lady canvassers. Our ia:
nous Knittop petticoats insure
good immediate incomes to capa-
BILE women. Sell on sight, Prompt
reply procures exclusive territory.
Spelman & Co., Chicago.
SALESMAN WANTED-To sell our
immense line of advertising art
calendars, specialties and novel
ties; permanent job; best talent
only need apply. The Shaw Adver-
Using Co., KANSAS City. Mo.
= : = = = = = = Z . 8 . . q = = =
e ANSWERING WANT ADS q
q viii keep you up to date-keep :
q you near to the life Of the city. q
9 = . q = = e = = = . q = = q
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
ROOM WANTED.

BUSINESS woman wants room in
modern home, furnished for light
housekeeping; close in. Address
22A, Tribune.
WANTED-Furnished rooms for light
housekeeping, by family Of two.
Call or address c. B. e., Tribune Of
fee.
0RE99MAl<JN0.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS., all kinds;
afternoon and evening gowns spe-
cialty. Phone 440K. 119 Mandan
Ave.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
I'm THE
~
Room

MI.SoNlC.
BISMARCK LODGE, No. S, A. F. & A.
NJ. Meets first and third Mon.
days In each month at Masonic
hall. A. P. Lenhart, W. M: J, A.
Graham, secretary.
TANCRED COMMANDRY NO. l. Bur.
F1nney, E. G.; G. w. Wolbert. Re-
corder; regular meeting first and
third Thursday Of each north.
O. e. s.
BISMARCK CHAPTER, No. II, meets
nrst and third Fridays in each
month ut Masonic hall. Mrs. Graco
french, W. M; Mrs. Gertrude Mi.
Ter, secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

OUR BEST LOTS-Valued at $3.50
and $500, are two blocks closer to
the business center than the high
school. The above prices include
sidewalk and sewer assessments
paid in full. There is nothing for
sale south of the high school for
less than $4,000, and one has to
pay a $4,000 sure assessment be-
side. Our lots are one-third to one
half cheaper, are in the best part
of the city with a beautiful view
and each purchaser is protected
from spectators erecting cheap
houses and three or four on lot.
We have the best and cheapest lots
in the city. Bismarck Development
Company, F. E. Young, Agent.
RGesOin ppar1 "a os OaoinaiaOinaOiO
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

LOTS FOR SALE-Have lots on all
streets east or high school and
north of railroad, several within a
block of the new high school. For
next ten days will make special
low prices. Will arrange terms and
save you commissions. J. w. Bull
over Dahl's store.
FOR sALE-Several good city lots
that we are obliged to sell at once.
$3.50 buys a so foot lot in desire
able location. A bunch of choice
lots at $10v. Liberal discount for
all cash. Titles perfect. Don't miss
: this. ]. S. Knauss.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
/. O. o. N,

BISMARCK LODGE NO. .4.-Loy.l
Order Of Moose. Regular meetiner
every f1rst and third Monday even.
1ngs OF each month. Charles F1sh.
er, dictator; s. E. Register, score
tary. Visiting members welcome
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
KNIGHTS OF PYThIAs

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAs.
ST. ELMO LODGE, No. 4. Meets
eaca Wednesday evening 1T K. p.
nan: E. n. Thompson, c. c.: l.
K Thompson, K. Of r. & 8.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

Notwithstanding (prices to
suit ally. Your patronage solicited.
Call at 312 First street.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
NJ. w. A,

BISMARCK CAMP, No. 1854. N. W.
a. Meets tie second and fourth
tuesdays in each month. Luther
' Hook, V. g.; W. F. Jones Clerk.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

!. O. o. +.
CAPITAL CITY LODGE No 2 meo+a
every Thursday evening at Odd Eel
lows hall. o. H. Benson, N. G..
Aug. Watz, V. G., H R Cloueh. sec.
rotary, Dell B. Shaw. treasurer
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
RE 1EkAHS.

HE6EKAHS.
NICHOLSON LODGE, No. 40. Meets
the first and third Wednesdays in
each month in Odd Fellows hall,
Ellzabeth Belk, N. G.; Mrs. Nellie
Evarts, secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02
YEoMEN.

A FRATERNAL, LIFE AND ACCT.
uent insurance organization. Meets
the fourth Tuesday in each month
IN the X. P. k,ll. J. II. Belk.
foreman; Elsie Mcdonald, master
OF accounts; Elizabeth Belk, cor.
respondent,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-09-02

N. B. A.
N. b. A. Meete second and fourth
wednesday Of month at Odd Eel.
c~s nall. Grant Marsh, president;
George A: LaLone, secretary.
ST. CLEMENS COURT, 747.
CATHOLIC ORDER OF FOREST.
ers. Meets every arst Wednesday
at 3 p. m, and every fourth Sun
DAY at 2 p. m. All visiting men,
0ers invited. F. Jaszkowiak. C.
H.: Anton Beer, R. s.