davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
HOW TO MIX
 INFANT FOOD
Formulae for Diluting' Mi1k Cold is Best Preventive
 of Sourness

thus take the top third or half frum 8 quart of good bottled milk, use from one-quarter to three-Quarters of d1fu- ent (water or barley water) according to the age of the infant and add a little sugar. This mixture will form 8 very suitable food for the infant de- prived of the breast. If baby la thus fed upon cows milk, the whole supply for the day should be prepared at one time. The following will serve as an example of the milk formula for an infant between two and three months old. Take the top twelve ounces from a quart bottle of milk with the Chapin Cream Dipper hold ing just an ounce:
 Twelve ounces of top milk;
 Two tablespoonfuls of sugar,
 Sixteen ounces of boiled water Ors barley water.
 Put in seven bottles, each holdinE four ounces; stopper with cotton andI place on ice until ready for use. Give a bottle every two and a half to three hours during the day and once dur ing the night. If the infant vomits or; regurgitates after feeding, from one to two tablespoonfuls of lime water may be added to the mixture. The strength of the top milk may be var-i jed according to the age and diges-l tive power of the infant. A baby fed on the bottle should gain, on an average, from four to six ounces week. This fact, as WI as its diges- tive power, must guide us in regar9; to the strength of the food.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

out prominently. You will find that tho value of having prints or photographs of masterpieces is not to be overesti- mated in its influence on the child's mind and disposition.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
BABY'S MILK
 IN SUMMER
Is Most Serious Question = Cows Fluid Must Be Kept
 Scrupulously Clean
ByHENRY DWIGHT cHAPIN, ND.

"HE first few years of life are,
 physiologically considered, the
 most important ones we
 live. During the opening years, miIk-that universal animal fluids the most important single factor en- tering into life. It is the only food we possess that is complete in itself.
 Unfortunately, civilization is particu- larly hard on the human mother, so that too often she cannot or will not suckle her young. Those who have had much to do with the feeding of infants constantly see the seriousness of this question, and are making great efforts to conserve and encourage this function in mothers. Not only is the death rate lower among babies fed by their own mothers, but the little ones are less liable to sickness and digestive disturbance, especially in summer. This is a feature of the trace suicide" question that does not receive the attention it deserves.
 In recent years much attention has been given to improving the supply of cows milk, as this is the only available substitute for the infant de- prived of maternal nourishment. These efforts have been directed to insuring
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

try, where there is more space, conse- quently more sunlight and also less dirt. There an entirely different object should be attempted. Country rooms should be cool and restful, whereas those in the city should be warm, cheerful and cozy. Everything should be done to counter act the lack of light and space To this end the wallpaper should be in light tones, pale yellows, buffs and warm grays. Some very effective papers are being made now in really cheerful-look- ing browns of autumnal tints, like the granate. Grayish browns and brownish the eyes. Formerly green and red were the prevailing colors, the former for the living room, and red, under the impress sion that it was cheerful, for the dining room. The results were that the living rooms were not at all cheerful, as the shades chosen were usually dense greens, very trying to the eyesight, and deep reds, which were stuffy. Burlaps and grass cloth make very suitable wall coverings and can be obtained in the prettiest shades, while calcimine and alabastine are now made in all sorts of desirable colors and are very inexpen- sive and easy to keep clean.
 When planning your combinations, the chief characteristics to attempt are simplicity, durability, proportion, of course, harmony of line and color, util- ity and repose. For those with limited incomes the first requisites are three: simplicity, utility and repose. If you have plenty of money, floor coverings have no difficulty. But those who have
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

we will be a long way on the road to secure clean wholesome milk.
 Keep it Cool.
 The next important detail is to cool the milk as quickly as possible and keep 1t so. The bacteria of all kinds that increase with such marvellous rapidity in warm mixtures cannot grow when the temperature is below 45 to 50 degrees F. This chilling of the milk was formerly accomplished by the farmer placing the cans in cool springs soon after milking. In sum- mer, however, it is safer to use ice, as the temperature of the springs may not be low enough to cool the milk sufficiently. During transportation, and until used, the milk should be kept cool by being packed ih ice or placed in refrigerators.
 In most of our large cities an extra grade of clean milk for infants is now furnished by the oversight of Medical Milk Commissions. These consist of number of physicians ap- pointed by the local medical society, who draw up series of rules for the guidance of the milk producer and dealer. If these careful rules are carried out, and they are enforced by oversight of the farm and frequent examinations of the milk, the bottles containing such milk have a special stamp, and it is known as Certified Milk" If such milk can be procured it is safer for infants and little children, especially in summer, as the extra cleanliness and uniform strength make it less liable than ordinary milk to cause disturbances. It is in hot weather that dirty milk is especially liable to poison the child. All milk that is to be given to little children should be delivered in sealed bottles, and not furnished by being dipped out of open to milk handled in an open way. Milk not only takes in bacteria, but ab-
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

fluid and thus become a menace to health. Moreover, as they exist in milk, 1t is often difficult, if not impos- sible, to tell whether the harmless or dangerous kind predominates.
 Some bacteria simply cause a sour. ing of the milk, while others may produce dangerous digestive distur. bances. Certain infectious diseases may likewise be spread through the medium of milk. Scarlet fever, diph. theria, typhoid fever, and tuberculo- sis come under this class, but the COW itself is only responsible for the last mentioned disease, as 1t never suffers from the others. The germs of the first three affections get into the milk through carelessness in the dairy or store, in washing of cans, or by direct contact with persons hay. ing these diseases or discharges. While a tubercular COW may give milk affected with these germs, it is an open question whether this method of the spread of consumption has not been exaggerated
 A little knowledge of how bacteria acts soon shows us what precautions to take and will free us from needless alarm. Our first care must be to keep milk from contact with dust and dirt, as these are the common agents in carrying bacteria. The COW is not naturally a very clean animal. She lies in puddles and mud, and all sorts of impurities thus get plastered over her body. Particles of dry dirt drop into the can during milking, and in warm weather the flies bother the ami mals, causing a constant switching of their tails. Ascareful observer found that one fly contaminated a sterile pail of milk with 21,000 bacteria. The milking should not be done where there is much dry hay about, and the dirt must be removed from the COW by careful grooming. If the milking is then done by someone with clean hands and clothes, and in clean barn or outhouse free from dust and dirt,
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

sons, is the wrong way to set about dec orating and furnishing house. The chief problem of interior decoration may be summed up in its general out lines as follows: to maintain proper re- lations between walls, furniture and draperies. To secure the best results these clements should be approached in the following order: First, treatment of third. m furniture And there are two words that should always be kept in mind: proportion" and 'balance."
 Some writers on aesthetics think that interior decoration should form a part
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

not, frequently make mistakes simply because they don't know what to get that is both cheap and beautiful. Scotch wool rugs, for instance, are despised of those who don't know what can be done with them by the judicious use of dyes. They are inexpensive and most durable. If you can't afford waxed or vanished floor, plain wood stains cost very little money, can be applied by anybody with out the slightest experience and can be bought in all colors. Floors treated this way are much easier to keep clean, and as for the rugs-well, almost everybody now knows how vastly preferable they are to carpets, which are always har- bors for dust and germs, no matter how frequently they are swept, whereas a rug can be taken Up every day, if nec- essary, and hung out on the line.
 The trouble with too many American homes is that the owners have tried to should express just one. When one room has to serve for living room, li- brary and parlor, the result frequently is cluttered up mess, that Is quite un- comfortable, and none of the inhab- itants can tell why. In such case, one should keep the living room idea upper most all the time. The mistake usually made is to make living room, then do it over again as library, then again as a parlor, superimposing one stratum on the other.
 Pictures, too, are frequent source of error. The prevailing custom is just to select pictures without any relation to each other or to anything else, whereas they ought to harmonize with the gen. eral scheme of the room they are to go in and each one ought to have an exact relation to the other and to the whole arrangement of furniture in order to preserve the harmony of line and color. The frames must harmonize also-not only with the pictures they surround but with the woodwork, furniture and wallpaper. Furthermore, there are not enough people who understand the diff ference between the words 'harmonize" out with the best intentions of having suits they achieved were simply monot- onous, because they had nearly every thing matching, instead of a proper ball. ance of color. If you have couple of oils, don't think they must go in gilt frames. Gilt is out of place except in regular gallery. Oak frames are far more suitable if your pictures are just to be hung in living room or library. For photographs Circassian walnut makes admirable framing. When choos- ing frames it is well to consult with the dealer and tell him the color scheme and arrangement of the room they are to go in. Picture-frame makers, if they are any good at all, have had much ex- perience in this sort of thing, and are far better qualified to advise you than you are to act independently of their judgment.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

sorbs odors when it is thus openly exposed. If 1t is placed uncovered in a refrigerator, the fiavors of meats, vegetables and other surrounding ar- ticles will quickly be communicated to it. It is best to place the closed milk bottle directly in contact with the ice, especially in summer, as l have found that the temperature of the average refrigerator is not as low in hot weather as is commonly supposed, sometimes being as high as 65 or 70 degrees F.
 Avoid Chemicals.
 Besides keeping it cool, there are two other methods of preserving milk. By simple boiling, or by superheating according to the process known as pasteurizing (165 degrees Fl or steril- izing (212 degrees FL, most of the bacteria are killed and the milk thus kept from turning sour. The second method consists of adding chemical conservatives to the milk, the ones most commonly used being boric acid, borax, salicylic acid and formalde- hyde. These substances usually make the milk more difficult to digest and are injurious in themselves if con- stantly taken. Even superheating the milk produces certain changes that interfere somewhat with assimila. tion. As far as little children are concerned, it is better to give them clean, fresh milk, whose sweetness is by simple cold, if such can be obtained. If one is not sure of the milk supply, it may be safer to pasteurize, especially in summer.
 Although most people think of milk entirely as fluid, it really becomes a solid when it reaches the stomach and gets in contact with the digestive secretions. This happens from the peculiar quality known as curdling which is seen when rennet is added or ordinary souring occurs outside the body. The familiar junket and whey will come to mind
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

as a form that milk may often be made to take. All milks, however, do not curdle in the same way. Some curdle in soft masses, and others in tough stringy portions. There is a reason for this, as in every other phenomenon seen in nature. Milk Is intended. not only to nourish the young, but to develop its digestive tract, so that later on it can take care of more solid food. Soft curdling and hard curdling milks are intended for animals that will have very different digestive tracts when they are grown. The soft curdling milk for the human infant is intended for a being that has one small stomach and a compara- lively simple digestive tract, that eventually can only digest food that has been carefully chewed and masti- cated. The hard curdling milk for the calf is intended for an animal with four stomachs and au elaborate digestive tract that can later digest great stringy masses of hay and grass. This affords beautiful example of now nature makes this elemental fluid work out an important deveIopmental function, in addition to nourishing the young. It also shows that milks are not readily interchangeable, and how important it is for the mother of every species of animal to nourish her own young.
 As the curd (protein) of cows milk is not only harder but also present in larger amount than in woman's milk, the cows milk must be diluted before being given to the young infant Sim pie water or cereal gruels may be used for this purpose. The latter tend to make the curd softer and more focculent, as it is found in mothers milk. By diluting the cows milk on account of the curd, we are in danger of giving too little fat to tho infant. This is obviated by removing certain layers from the top of the quart bottle, which will give the creamy portion of the milk. We may
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
One Woman.

One Woman. Her little feet fare through the every ways Of toll and traffic, her small hand is set To the long task-work of the every days: In blinding heat or when the winds are wet With chilly rain and snow. Ah-to and fro, At morn and eve, her willing foot steps go. Beneath her tread the path of duty lies Thorny and stony oft. Above her head The seen and unseen glory of Gods skies His night-His day. AS flowers their fragrance shed, So breathes the fragrance of her soul abroad To all the world, and back again, to
 MADELINE BRIDGES.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

clean, fresh cows milk, and already the good results of this crusade are being seen in lessening sickness and death.
 Most of the changes taking place in milk are due to the presence and growth of bacteria. These are micro scopic, colorless little plants belong ing to the class called fungi. They are closely related to the yeasts, and increase in numbers at a prodigious rate. If nothing interferes in twenty four hours single one of these germs could produce about seventeen million others. AS a matter of fact they do not usually increase so rapidly, since the various kinds maintain sort Of warfare among themselves, and, as everywhere else in nature, only the f1ttest survive. The rapidity Of increase depends largely upon the kind of bacteria and the temperature to which the milk is subjected. Below 45 degrees F. there is comparatively little growth: but as the temperature approaches 100 degrees F. the rate of growth increases most rapidly. It has been found that dirty milk is al- ways largely contaminated with bac. teria.
 More Good Than Bad Germs.
 It may be comforting to note that there are more good than bad bac- teria, and they fulfil most important functions in nature. Neither animal nor vegetable life could be maintained without their presence, and they are found everywhere. In the soll they promote the growth of trees and plants, and they likewise exist in the purest water and in the air. In general their function is to induce the many changes that are so necessary to all forms of life, the lowest as well as the highest They are thus always found in milk after it has left it's source, and as milk, particularly when warm, is good medium for their growth, they may reach enormous numbers in this
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

canons. If this is being done properly and the children are we'll grounded in what they are taught, there seems no reason why they should not also learn how to apply these canons to their home environment.
 Proportion is the good breeding of architecture This certainly applies also to interior decoration, and in this connection proportion may be defined light and shade, the correct adjustment of large and important objects with small and unimportant ones. The task is much easier, of course in the coun-
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
NURSERY DECORATIONS NEED
 INFINITE CARE AND STUDY
Psychological Effect of Color Should Be Consdered-Dont
 Clutter Up Walls With Worthless Pictures

TIN furnishing the nursery it is just
 as necessary to have a definite
 color scheme as in your own liv-
 ing room. This is beginning to
 be universally recognized, thanks to the spreading influence of the Froe- bel doctrines, and the psychological eff
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
Fairy Tale Picture
 Friezes

troduced from Canada win be found well adapted to its purpose If you have not got rugs of the requisite size, they can be made by sewing two strips of carpet together.
 Picture friezes showing some of the more popular fairy tales or scenes from
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20
EDUCATIONAL IMPORTANCE
 OF BEAUTY IN THE HOME
Harmonious Surroundings of Tremendous Moral Value Espe
 cially in the Rearing of Children

niture and dark oak woodwork, or golden oak with white paint The pre- vailing fashion of the day tends towards severity. This is a good fad, as it
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-20

of every public school curriculum. In many kindergarten classes the small pu- pills are taught to appreciate the beauty of Corots early morning atmosphere and Millet's simplicity of form and line, with the rudiments of certain artistic
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-04-19

came a law student In the office Of ].
&c. Gregory, Of Unadilla. After two
years study he entered the office Of
his uncle, Elijah Brown. Of Milford.
n. Y. At the end of a year his uncle
removed to New York City, and Mr..
Brown. being admitted to the bar.
opened his office and began his pro-
fessional career. In the spring of 1855.
disposing Of his interests at Milford.
he removed to the west. and engaged in
the practice Of law in Toledo, Tama
county, his partner being I. l.. Allen.
afterward attorney general Of Iowa.
In 1857 Mr. Brown came to Marshall
town and entered upon the practice OF
law. In the fall of the same year he
married Miss Laura Wheeler. of john
son county, Iowa. who died several
years ago. Mr.. Brown practiced his
profession alone until 1865. when he
formed copartnership with the late
H. E. J. Boardman, and subsequently
Hon. J. L. Williams, late president OF
the City National Bank, was admitted
to the firm. In January, 1872, the part
nership was dissolved, and a new firm
established under the name of Brown.
WyIlis & Williams-the late Judge ].
c. Wyllis being taken into the firm
which continued until the formation Of
the partnership Of Brown, Sears and
Stone-R. E. Sears and the late Gov
ernor William Stone. In the SOS Mr..
Brown had s his partner Thaddeus
Binford. under the firm name OF Brown
& Binford. this copartnership being IN
existence five years. In the latter sos
and early '90s Mr.. Browns partner
was j. L. Carney. the firm being styled
Brown & Carney for eight years. Then
came a partnership with the late W.
W. Miller. under the name of Brown
& Miller. and following the dissolution
Of this firm Mr.. Brown practiced alone.
Early Attorney of Central.
On the organization of the Central
Railroad of Iowa, now known as the
chosen its attorney, serving in that
capacity for ten years AS the roads
solicitor by prudent management,
Brown did much to remove the preju-
dice against the railroad company
that existed in the early days of the
road from some quarters.
Once Candidate For Congress.
For a great many years MI. Brown
was identified with the democratic
party. of which he was local leader.
In 1882 he was nominated on the ticket
Of that party TO represent the Fifth
district in congress. but the district be-
ing strongly republican, he failed OF
election.
While a man Of no church preference
he was always a liberal contributor
10 charitable and religious enterprises,
and none ever appealed to him in vain
on behalf of any object that he con-
sidered worthy.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1911-04-19
Res, Estate Transfers,

James A. Reynolds, Of Denver, to
David Lennox. part OF lots 10. II and
IL, block IA. Rices' addition, $3.50.
John H. II. F'risbee to Mary NJ. Fris-
bee. part of lots ! and 2, block 8, Je-
rone's addition, 81.
William A. Sandoe to Jennie b.
Rouse, lots and 8, block 4. Binfords
second addition. $3.50.
c. c. St Clair to A. r. and E. c..
Lynn part Of block II, Jerome's addi-
ton, 81. 81
w. J. Evans to Frank B. Evans, ct
al, land in Green Mountain, 81.
4 Grove A. Damn to Isaac Drury, lot
16, block 2. Woods addition, 500.
Ella D. Pyle to Edna p. Jackson, part
Of lots and s, block 1, Andrews addi-
ton, $4,000
W. NJ. Sherlock to G. c. ST. Clair. lot
s and part OF lot 5. block 2, Jerome's
addition. $5.s25.
Carl w. Hollingsvortt. Of Grundy