davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
FIRE SIFEGU1RDS.
DISCIPLINE AGAINST PANIC
Generalization Prevented by Minds
Trained for Emergencies.

To the Editor of The Tribune
Sir. NV only purpose In writing The
Tribune n this time is the hope that
through this modest suggestion. when sent
broadcast through the medium OF a great
journal like The Tribune. beginning may
he made in awakIng the interest OF all
classes Of educators 10 the possibility OF
reducing TO minimum the number OF
lives 10 he sacrificed in disasters similar
To that which has east such shadow of
gloom and sorrow over your great metrop-
oils.
II has been demonstrated times innu-
merable that the animal frenzy which
takes possession of undisciplined and
thoughtless crowds Of men and women
can he largely averted by disciplinng
training and educating the average man
or woman up To the fullest comprehension
Of the terrible consequences Of this fren-
zied state Of mind In the presence Of i'm
pending danger
\ schoolmate of other boys not mate
rally differing from those around him.
goes TO sea and finally becomes captain Of
n passenger steamer That boat takes fire
the small boats are being lowered To save
II possible, the women ana children The
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
AMBASSADORS HILL LECTURES
Makes Plea for Peace in Closing Series
of Addresses at Columbia.

Ambassador David ]. Hill completed his
series OF eight lectures at Columbia Uni
vcrsity yesterday when he spoke on The
State as a Justiciabe Person" In the
audience sat General Horace Porter Joseph
H. Choate and ex-Mayor Seth Low The
speaker pointed to each one In turn as
examples OF men who had practically de-
voted their lives 10 the betterment OF the
state.
DR. Hill's last address was the expression
OF "A hope that international peace would
supersede war. Business men demand In
terna tlona peace declared the lecturer.
"They want the protection OF courts. not
armies Capital knows NJ country and
hence the demand for peace should from
a business standpoint be worldwide In its
scope The modern state has come to rec
ognzc ihe fact that II Is not derogatory 10
It's dignity to appear before n court OF law
for the adjudication of a claim against il.
In closing DIR. Hin asserted an interna-
tional court should he based upon law and
not diplomacy.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
THE Dirty or THE PL BLIC.


REPRESENTATIVES, of organized Iaoor
who took part in Sundays mass meet
ING for fire protection proclaimed theih'
solvcs to ho skeptical The secretar!
of the Allied Printing Trades Couhci'
said: I'VE have not much falth IN ihls
committee. We have seen citizens
..committces before He added mat
the labor unions were going to take lhe
matter into their own hands. II neces-
sarv refusing 10 work in unsafe places
We hone this Is something more than
nm idle threat and will result In some
thing different from idle complaints
hy irresponsible persons. The unions
should by all means do their utmost
10 secure reform of present condl-
tionS They can pass resolutions de-
manding legislative inquiry INTO the
safety Of workers in this city ana the
enactment of laws 10 make unsafe
paceS safe. They can. moreover. write
individually to their Assemblymen ana
Senators. urging the necessity ot such
IN inquiry and such legislation. They
will not he doing their duty If they leave
the entire burden If bringing about
reform on the shoulders of Il citizens
committee. no matter how able, patri-
otic and influential such committee
may he
\ citizens committee is nothing with
out the citizens. If it does not repre-
sent public opinion II can accomplish
N 1I
not cooperate through its orCanZa tons
where il is organized. ~ In the ease of
union labor. or individually where II is
not organized. very little will bc done Ia
put an end 10 the shameful disregard OF
human safety in New YOrk's thousands
Of factories. II il the public's business.
That Washington Place slaughter is
ON everyhOdy's conscience. for the dead
were victims of the peoples neglect
and tolerance of inhumanity. Those
were singing words which Rose Schnci-
derman. who led the striking employees
out of the Triangle ShirtwaiSt factory
two years ago. used at Sundays mass
meeting: I'VE have tried you good
people Of the public and found you
wanting"
The public will be found wanting
again If il docs not Insist upon know
ing the whole truth about the perilS 10
which workers are unnecessarily eX-
posed and upon legislation for their
safety. If it does not there will he JUS
ticc In Miss Schneidcrman's comparison
of the circumstances under which men
and women labor 10 the Inquisilion. with
its iron teeth our necessities" and It's
rack 'in the firetrap structures that
"will destroy lis the minute they catch
"on fire" and in her bitter cry that "thc
"life Of men and women Is so cheap
"and property Is So sacred
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
A LEAGUE AGAINST FIRE
A Plea to Women to Demand Adequate
Protection for Working Girls.

t. the Editor or The Tribune.
Sir: I am tho woman who wondered
many things the other day. and I have
been Interested in receiving several letters
rega riding my wondering from other women
who are also wondering and also seeklng
solution to the tremendous problem of now
VIC can compel obedience TO our demands
tcr our working sisters
Here is one: let factories employing
women get out of the congested city into
Gods own open acres, where there Is space,
light and safety because human beings need
not be piled floor after hoor on top of each
other There they could have heaithful,
wholesome homes and surroundings The
manufacturers would have cheaper insur-
ance. cheaper rents. easy access to rail
reads, and operatives would undoubtedly
follow them
Another letter suggests the working
women themselves refusing to work under
unsafe and unsanltary conditions. but. my
dear lady. where the daily bread has 10 be
won from hand 10 mouth, and work Is
scarce. hunger drives us 70 accept many
things. Other letters express a great, en-
during indignation against the callousness
of money greedy men. and indicate a heart
throbbng desire to do something tangible
and speedy 20 better unsafe and wicked
conditions.
would suggest that We women vow 70
ourselves not 70 purchase any article of
womans wearing apparel and house COM
modify unless It Is tagged with an undenia-
bic voucher that il is made under safe and
adequate protection from fire. and let not
little tag suffice. but lay your factories
open to orr inspection. Some factories do
go at stated times for pure food reasons,
n aking for themselves tie most convincing
:dvertising.
We women arc not unmindfui Of our
toling workers. and We will work and agi-
tate continually until men consider women 5
lives as of more consequence than the ac-
cumulation Of their millions
ELIZABETH OGILVIE GORDON
Flushing. y. V. March 81, 1911.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
THE NEWS THIS MORNING.

FOREIGN.-An edict issued at Pelling
urges the people to unite for defence,
emphasizes the need Of a great army.
announces a new military programme
and appoints the ruler of the empire
commander In chief. - Scores OF
tiaras lent by peeresses were exhibited
in London to aid the reCk memorial fund
for the endowment of a hospital. -
Seflor Canalejas succeeded in forming
new Spanish Cabinet with himself as
premier and General De Luque as Min
lister OF War. - An article written py
Sir oliver Lodge points out possible
questions which he believes cannot be
adjusted by arbitration. -. Great
Britain and America have agreed To ar
bjtrate the Webster claim TO lands IN
New Zealand. The Camorrists
charged with murder at NiterDo, eN-
pected to be acquitted without beng
Obliged to summon witnesses for the
defence. -- Turkish troops routed the
Albanian rebels besieging Tuzi. -
About a hundred deaths from the plague
were reported in Eastern Java
DOMESTIC.-Pre Taft addressed
the Baltimore Methodist Episcopal Con-
ference at Washington. saying ne WOULD
only do what ministers did In their pui-
pits-make recommendations and pray
for tho best results The Supreme
Court Of the United States. in an OPINION
on the commodities clause OF the Hep
burn act. decided that railroad companies
must be actually Independent OF coal
mining companies: the Supreme Court
also decided that the states must thefn-
selves regulate the lquor traihc witnn
their borders - The caucus OF Re
puhlican Senators in Washington to-day
will probably be harmonious --- AS
surances that foreign interests in Mex
ico will be protected were made by Fran
cesco J. Madero. jr., provisional Presl-
dent in a note TO the Secretary Of state.
at Washington. - Senator Curtis. 81
Kansas. announced In Washington that
he would offer an amendment 10 the SEN
ate rules To provide for clOturo'
CITY.-Stocks were dull and irregular.
- Mayor Gaynor said Magistrate
Corriean was one OF many whose heads
were fuil oi vice. and the magistrate re-
llied that the situation as To crimes was
too big for personalities -- While u
committee Of FIVE 20 work for better fire
prot ection was named by t.. \. Phllbm.
/; waS announced that the wainwright
committee would make many recon-
menda tions on the fire periis situation 10
the Legislature after the recess. -
Steven y. Aibeck. assistant cashier or
tho National city Bank. said that loans
for S1S0NbN. without security. were
rlade 70 stock Exchange houses daily by
his bank alone - Mrs. Dawes.
woman sixtv-eight years old. entered the
, contest Uf Thomas 7. Eckert's will. say
. Ing she was his widow. -- Shopgir's
went as a Brooklyn woman. pleading to
nc released after being held for shopl'ft-
Ing. told Of the death Of a daughter.
which. she said had unsettled her mind
------ Controller Prendergast fatty con-
tradicted Mayor Gaynor's statement that
changes proposed in the fnancial depart
rucnt hy the new charter had met with
his approval.
THE WEATHFR.-In indications for to-
day: Cloudy. The temperature yestcr-
dav: Highest. 10 degrees; lowest. IS
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
FIRE INSTRUCTION FREE.

10 the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: Tho efforts now being made either
to censurc or to shield some of our city
departments In connection with tho recent
loss of life at the Washington Place FIRE
caH to mind the good work by the De-
partmont of Education in giving instruc-
tions as 70 how 10 provide against fire.
| attended a course of two free fire lect-
ures in Public School 20. at No. 39 East 20th
street. last January. and feel that gen
cral knowledge OF the simple and practical
things to be done in case 81 fire. as there
eyplafned might have saved every one OF
those precious lives In answer 10 n ques-
ton from one in the audience the lecturer.
an experienced fireman. said that his SER
vice as an instructor could he had with
out cost by any charitable or educational
institution supported by voluntary subscrip-
ton
The lecture bulletin gives this mans name
As Thomas T. Tuite. and am sure the De-
partment of Education would gladly give
his address 10 those desiring such valuable
instruction for charitable and educational
institutions. obShhN h-h'
Nav York April 2 lTl
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
AT THE WHITE HOUSE.
From rho Tribune Bureau

! Washington April 3.-The Prssi"c'' "
day forestalled the proposed Introouc'''"
Iby tho Democrats Of a resolut"" '"""e
! uuon the Chief Executive for inIor"""""
pertaining TO the mobilization or inc troopS
on tho Nexjcan border by giving heP''
sentatives suIzer Flood and Garner "e"-
- ., ,,c re,y Uouse Committee 'on For
cign Affairs. all the data he had @" '"o
Mexican situation.
Representative Foster discussed with inc
President the proposed arbitration treaty
with Great Britain and. when leaving ',s
White House. predicted a -four corn"''''
arbitration treaty. with England. FRANZ
Ionan and tho United states az signator'es.
Mr.. Foster in making this statement S'''"
he did not speak for the President
The Secretary of state was an carry
caller and spent some time WITH inc b'''
dent discussing arbitration. Anhre" '"'
neaie. who is Interested III the poNe"'''
for worldwide peace. called AZ the eNe'"'
five Office. but did not sec the freSi"e"''
In concluding his Sermon" as layrlah
before the Baltimore Conference OF ths
Methodist Episcopal Church. at the DouE
las Memorial Church. In this CITY th'S
morning. President TAFT said: NOW my
friends. YOU will concede that in VIE" ol
what is canning Tomorrow. there may De
some trimming Of lamps necessary anu
therefore I ask you 10 allow ne 10 "ePail
with the pleasant flavor OF your most cor''
ial reception and the consciousness OF your
support"
Despite the fact that Congress conveheS
to-morrcw. President Taft has not writer
n " ord Of his message and II Is possi''e
that he will not do 80 until some tif'e w
morrow, after he has consulted iurtn''
with the Republican leaders of both houses
Pepresentatiye Crumpacker. accompanied
b, A & Rearss and y. f.. Rhodes of Peru
Ind urged the President TO reappoint Johh
r Lawrence as postmaster at Peru Ills
nomination was sent 10 the Senate In the
cIosing hours OF the lost session, and failed
OF confirmation.
Among the White House callers were the
secretarv Of Commerce ard Labor. Assist
ant Secretary Winthrop, William Barnes.
jr. OF New York; Ex-Governor Curry sen
e,ors Fletcher. Overman. Foster. Oliver.
Iippitt. Wetmore and Mclean. Representa-
tive Mckinley, who discussed the Waisn
pardon case Representatives smith. o.
Michigan: French. Burke. Of South Dakota;
Iafferty. Hamilton. t!awley. Burke OF
PENNSYLVANIA: Cox. Hill. Hubbard ani
Weeks.
Horace Taft. of Waterbury. Conn. the
brother CT the President. Is a guest at the
White House.
The President and Mrs. Taft occupied a
box at the Belasco Theatre tonight TO hear
Robert Mantell in king Lear" WITH them
were Miss Taft Horace Tart. Charles Taft.
Major Butt and Lieutenant Rumbough.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
WASHINGTON SOCIETY.
fr,or, TIL. Tribune Bureau.


Washin.ton. April 3.-Colonel and MN
Colin Campbell. Of England. who are now
the guests Of Mrs l.. u. Letter. Mrs. Colin
Campbelrs mother. will go to Chicago 10.
morrow for visit Of four days. Joseph
+ eiter went 10 Chicago yesterday.
Mrs Robert Hit entertained several
women at luncheon to-day to meet MIRA
colin Campbell.
MIR and Mrs Alexander Britton and Miss
Katherine Br.tton will sail for Europe or
tune 2s and will spend some time IN
France.
Miss Eudora Glover. daughter of Rear
Admiral and Mrs. Richardson Clover. has
returned TO her home after several weeks
st,ent In Bermuda in company with her
unclo and aunt Mr. and Mrs. Clover Of
New York
Miss Helen Hughes. daughter ~ Justic.
and Mrs. Hughes. returned 10 Vassar Co.
I.ee to-day after a visit Of several dsys
with her parents.
Mr. and Mrs. William corsDran Eustics,
who are now at their country estate near
I.eesburg. Va after spending some time
abroad, will open COrcoran House. on La
tayette Square, for a snort time al Easter.
Miss Mary McCsuley will return 10
Washington tomorrow from "A visit ~ ssv.
.ral days 10 her sister. Mrs. Charles o.
Eonnell Lee. in Philadelphia.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
A MODIFIED FIRE DRILL.

To tho Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: In the Washington Place fire more
persons were killed as the result of the
panic than as a result Of the fire. Al
though the egress was deficient. il some
intelligent person with authority had di-
Tected the escape from the very start most,
and perhsps all. would have been saved.
| would suggest that the workers IN every
factory should choose from among them
goives a few persons 10 act as voluntary
fire stewards in case Of a FIRE or an ey-
plosion. Those stewards should acduaint
themselves with the bos' means Of escape
from the place in which they are working.
The stewards should wear some distinguish
ing mark all the time they are In the fac
tory so that tho other workers could know
them and report at once any danger. The
fire stewards 10y their special knowledge of
the locality and the confidence OF tho work
ers who had chosen them FOR that purpose
would bc able 10 direct an orderly escape
and prevent a panic. ;. kAliAN.
New York. April ,, 1911.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
GOUUWTII GONE.

Govcrfor Dix talks hopefully about
his pariy's being united now ana nav
ing suffered no permanent injury rs
result Of the long dispute over the
senatorshp Probably the Governor Is
only whistling to keep his courage "P'
II IS true that there are just as mahN
democrats in Albany as I'm the bcyih-
ming Omtwarlly everything Is I'M
changed And as those who are therc
have no stomach left for further llsn'
ing 10 doubt the party Is unl'eu. IL w
bc hopelessly discrcditcd is To sufier 10
permanent injury. then the Democrat!
prospects are undimmed by what HAS
happened.
Homeless discredit is no exaggeration
of what the party has suffered. l,
entered office with the favorable regard
Of thc pubiic. It's first step was to recur
10 the most obnoxious period oi us MS
tory for senatorial candidate. The
noyvor Of tho boss was then exhibited
with unparalleled fagrancy. ana the III
fuence Of the selfish interests within It's
counciIs was openly made evident. Ana
the weakness O. the Governor ana Ills
total incapacity for leadership became
increa singly evident during every day
of the period which it is now said did
no harm.
Governor Dix is Il business man. II
we nut what has happened in the IAN
ruage of business he will no DOUBT uh-
derstand. The Democracy has All TIE
phvsical assets which It had when "
opened shop. II has lost the "s"d"ll
Of the state. That is all.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
Called u tCE.

Members OF Congress have plenty Of
opportunities nowadays 10 cet acquainted
with WaShington-withi It's drawbacks rs
vel a. its charms as an all-the-year-
round capital. The Taft administration
has had or is going 10 Lave Congress
Ion its hands" Ia a greater extent than
any other administration since Andrew
.Tohnson's II was not on .Johnson's
invitation that Congress intrenched
itself at tho Capitol I'm continuous SOS
sion. Tho two houses stood on guard
merely ia tie his hands and prevent his
making recess appointments.
Since March 4. 1863. Congress has
rarely spent more than twelve months
out Of twenty -four AZ the Capitol. Mr.
Cleveland invented the phrase which WIS
supposed 10 express the Executives dis
taste for too much Of Congresses society
Vet only once i'm Mr.. Cleyeland's eight
years i'm Office did he call an extra ses-
siop--fhat Of 1So3-for the purpose Of
repeaIiug The purchasing clauses Of the
sherman silver law. His feeling toward
the legislative branch reflected an atti
fudo which has now been completely rp-
versed In his time Congress was looked
upon as an over-cnergetic. ovcr-ofticiouS
body which attempted TOO much legiS-
lption and whose APPOINTMENTS We're al
wavs welcome To the President and the
nation. Now the President. representing
nubljc orinion. has 10 urge the legislative
branch 10 do work which it is disposed
"a neglect. Congress is the tagging
teammate 70 which the whip has Ia he
applied.
Thus the extra session which begins
t.-day WAS forced entirely bv the inertia
exhibited at the closing session Of the
last Congress. The Senate Shirked It's
tasks a. II had never done before. leav-
inc measures of pressing Importance on
The calendar and getting the routine
anprouriotion bills through only by
waiying all critical examination of thelr
contents. Mr. Taft has taken The slltia-
rive jn asking the new Congress 10 DO AT
once what the old Congress neglected 10
do The President nowadays hash the
,u.o bouses ION his hands They have
him rather "on their hands" : for ne
sets The race rather than they. ana holdS
,oem nm to their accountability when
they fry to dodge II.
That situation il apparently bouhd 10
continue SO long rs Congress persists III
clipgjnc Ia an outwOrn calendar OF one
wears rest for each years work. l1 IL
retains the ai,surdly short second regu-
lar session. abbreviated still further ny
needless Christmas recess. II VIII
never be able 10 give the time ana care
Zee legislation which II ought TO receive
T. will be continually behind with lis
work aud. like every other laggard' do
what if does hastily and sup'rliciaiiy.
II Congress were sensible enough 10 rec
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04

brute instinct asserting itself In the maze
passengers. they start In Iren%'e" "'''
for these small boats How docs IL nap
pen at this juncture that this man "e-
comes an apparent hero as he STANDS WIZ"
revolver in hand. and says To TINS iush'"s
rrob: Back. cowards,' and thereby Pr'-
vents the overlooking and sinking OF ''ie
boats? Simply because he has discipiiheu
his mind as TO what he would DO In such
an emergency.
How is II that five or more buhore"
sailors on q man-of-war obey every or"'r
amid smoke and fire and bursting shei
The answer is in mental discipline. Ihe
mob frenzy has been eliminated By educa-
ton and discipline.
\ company of soldiers are Sleeping OF
their arms. 50 to speak. They are awak-
ened by the bursting OF shell, the crack OF
rifles and the whizzing of bullets; their
CAPTAIN yels Fall in" What IL their
first impulse. and what do they do? SIM
ply rush to the short line OF battle, from
" vhich they broke ranks only few hours
previous. Is this because they are men or
unusual cooness or valor? Not AT AT
Simply because their minds are trained TO
do sane things in emergencies.
In speaking of what educators can ac-
complish we do not refer 10 the very cred
table and useful fire drills which are IN
vogue in some schools and factories, but
more particularly 10 mental training for
This particular phase Of human weakness
through lectures and daily and weekly
training Of the mind by every possible
method Of writing or teaching which VIII
serve TO mini mize the effect Of frenzy IN
emergencies
What does orcur instead? Why after
tho Washington Place disaster your re-
ports say that twenty labor organZa-
tions meet and condemn the horror Bur,
as usual. not one word is said about edu-
eating their fellow men up to unseitsh
heroism and mental balance. which. per-
hdps. by taking down length Of hose ana
turning a water valve or using chemical
extinguishcr, would have averted the hor-
ror JAMES MCARTI. g II.
Hudson Falls. y. Y. March q. 1911.
New-York tribune., 1911-04-04
NEW YORK SOCIETY.

Mr.. and Mrs William PANE Thompson
have returned 10 town from Aiken and are
at the Plaza for a short stay
Miss NJ Elouise DaIs daughter Of Mrs
Joshua william Davis, will be married -
Lindsay Russell to-day at the Church oe
the Heavenly Rest. The ceremony will oc
performed by Bishop Byrch and small re-
ception will follow at the home Of the
brides mother No 26 West 5lst street
Mr.. and Mrs. Goodhue Livingston viii
sail for Europe az the end OF this month
Miss Cornela V. Robb is booked TO sail
for Europe on April 70.
Mrs. Frederic Nelson and her daughter
Mrs. Hollis H. Hunneweli. are due To ar
rive in New York to-day from their trip
70 the West Indies. Mrs. Hunnewell viii
return to Wellesley. Mass. and Mrs. Neil
son will be at the Plaza for few weeks.
Mrs. ] Pierpont Morgan. jr. Will give
dinner on Thursday az her house on Madi.
son avenue.
Mrs William Everard Strong and Mss
Alice Strong will leave town to-day for Hot
Springs, Va.
Mr.. and Mrs w Goadby Loev will take
possession OF their country place at Hemp
stead. Long Island. on THURSDAY
Mrs. Smith Hoins Mckim viii return 10
the city on Thursday from her Southern
trip.
Among those due 10 arrive in New York
to-day on board the Kronprinz Wilhelm are
Mr.. and Mrs. Alexander Van Rensselaer,.
Mrs s. Osgood Pell and Lspenard stewart,
Mrs Frederic J. de Peysters sewing class
that works for the New York Infant Asy-
lum met yesterday morning al her resi-
dence in East Ssth street.
Mrs Pembroke Jones and Miss SadN
Jones' who spent the late winter at their
country place near Wilmington, are booked
TO sail for Europe on April i9.