The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1911-06-26
BOUNDARY MARKS
Limits a Fiery Orator Once Gave
the United States.
THE CANADIAN LINE FENCE.

Monuments That cIeave the Two
Countries West From the Lake of the
Woods-lrreauIarities in State and
County Boundaries.
The fates of empires and of dynas-
ties have been involved in the struggle
for boundaries. The Pigment that the
Rhine was the natural frontier of
France ended in the downfall of the
Bonapartes and the eXaltation Of the
Hohenzollerns, thus rearing the neo-
German empire upon the ruins of the
upstart French empire.
In our own country the cry of Eff
ty-four-forty or fight" held a threat
of the mighty conflict that eventually
proved irrepressibie. And in our own
day the dispute over the Venezuelan
boundary nearly precipitated wal
between the two greatest nations of
the earth.
1t was a startling figure of speech
that of the western orator who, mount
ing higher and higher to a climax of
buncombe, described the United States
as bounded on the east by the Atlantic
ocean, on the north by the aurora bo-
reals, on the west by the setting sun
and. on the south by the gates Of hell
Still, it was only a figure Of speech
Canada lies between us and the boreal
aurora. The Latin American states
to the south hardly deserve the infer
nal comparison AS to the oceans to
the east and the west of us, they may
be left to themselves. Not mine the
task of determining what the wild
waves are saying,
The Canadian boundary presents its
idiosyncrasies and eccentricities. The
eastern part of it follows naturally
and spontaneously the regular water
line formed by the great lakes and
their outlets Thence from the Lake
Of the Woods on the north Of Mime
sofa a more direct course. man made
and mechanical, is taken through the
wilderness and over the mountains of
the west to the Pacific coast Nor has
mere imaginary line. Man, having
made it, has marked 1t well. Between
the Lake of the Woods and the Red
river cast iron pillars have been
| placed one mile apart alternately by
the English and the American govern
ments. These are hollow castings i'll
| pyramidal form eight feet high, with
| base eight inches square, an octa-
gon fiange one inch thick and top
four inches square surmounted by a
solid cap.
Into these hollow posts are fitted
we'll seasoned cedar joists. with spikes
| driven through holes made in the cast
ing. The pillars are firmly imbeddeG
in the ground. Inscriptions in raised
letters. face north and south. The
north side reads, Convention of Lon
| dom" the other. October 20, 1873
Beyond the Red river the boundary
line is generally denoted by earth
| mounds and stone cairns Z by s feet,
though these are occasionally diversi-
fed by wooden posts Of the same
height as the iron pillars and painted
red above ground. Through forests
clearings have been made a rod wide
" mere uv1iies 81 v;7rTr ars 1Tosss-1
monuments of stone rise several feet
above high tide. Over the mountains
shafts of granite supersede the pillars.
mounds and cairns.
There are eccentricities in state
lines as well as in those which limi,
the confines of the United States.
Thus the line that separates Delaware
from Pennsylvania Newcastle and
Chester counties respectively sudden
ly curves upward and forms semi
circle just above the aacient town OF
Newcastle.
The explanation may be found in
history. At the time Delaware was
set out there were few points of lati
tude and longitude definitely estab
lished in the colonies, so that bound
aries were generally expressed not by
latitude and longitude, but by refer
ence to some known location. In the
deed by which Delaware was trans
ferred there was coded all the land for
| twelve miles round Newcastle, togetb
er with certain other areas In estab
| fishing the boundaries of the present
state of Delaware this description was
| taken literally, and part of circle
| with the center at Newcastle, was sur
veyed upon a twelve mile radius.
No other state has an arc In its
boundary line. but many of the coun
| ties of Kentucky and Tennessee do
| Warren county, Tenn, is almost com
plete circle. In many instances coun'
! ties formerly circular have been ex
| banded into irregular polygons.-WH
| liam S. Walsh in New York Tribune.