The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-12-15
MALES AND FEMALES
 IN THE POPULATION
More Men Than Woman in the Unied States and Why-Soe
 Interesting Statistics Issued by CeusIs Bureau

A preliminary statement giving for continental United States the distribu- tion of the population according to
 sex, as shown by the returns of the Thirteenth Decennial Census, taken as
 of April 15 1910, has been issued> by Director Durand of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and Labor. The statement also gives the figures for each geographic division. The statistics were prepared under the
 supervision of Mr. William C. Hunt, chief statistician for population in the Bureau of the Census, and are sub ject to later revision.
 In the United States as a whole
 there are 4,s22,12 males and 44,640, IA females, or proportion of 106 males for every 100 females.
 Considerable interest attaches to the
 deviation from the, numerical equality
 of the two sexes here noted. While 1t is commonly assumed that the two
 sexes are equal in number, the fact ence between them. Most northern European countries show an excess of
 females. The contrary fact in the Unit ed States has been generally ascribed to the effects of immigration, as it | is well known that among immigrants males predominate to a large extent. This is. not the full explanation, as can be seen from a consideration of
 the figures by elements of the popula- ton.
 THE EXCESS OF MALES. Among the foreign white there are
 129.2 males for every 100 females, this
 proportion rejecting the familiar fact already noted with respect to the excess of males among immigrants But this excess of males is also found in the largest single group of
 the population of the United States the native white of native parents. Of
 the latter there are 25,229, 294 males and N,259, 147 females, eor a proportion of
 1o4 males for every 100 females. This disparity is due wholly to natural causes; the only other cause which could affect it is emigration from the United States, and such immigration is small and is certainly not greater in case of females than in case of | males
 | of foreign parents-the numbers of the | two sexes are almost equal, with a slight excess of females.
 Among the negroes, however, there l is more noticeable preponderance of females, 9S.9 males to 100 females. | there are nearly twice as many males as females is composed of Indians and | immigrant Asiatics, the latter being mainly male.
 | Due in a large measure to the effects | of recent immigration, the proportion
 of males for 100 females in the pop ulation as whole has risen slightly between 1900 and 1910, namely, from 1O4.4 to 106. The proportions of the sexes in the several native-born groups i have not changed materially.
 WHY THERE ARE MORE MALES. l At birth the number of males al-
 ways exceeds the number of females,
 but male mortality is always greater | than female Consequently through
 the excess of male deaths, the number
 of females gradually approaches that | of males and tn the later years of life exceeds it. In countries where the
 death rate is high an equality Is reach ed at a comparatively early age, and | the subsequent inequality in favor of
 the females outweighs the previous
 inequality tn favor of the males, so that in the population as a whole there are more females than males. In the | United States there is generally low
 CT death rate than in northern Euro pean countries, and the difference be-
 tween the death rates of males and fe- males Is not so marked. The equality | in the number of the sexes occurs here | at later age than in European coun-
 tries, and the slightly greater male death rate does not overcome the ,in- l itial advantage which the males have
 at birth. The result is for the na-
 tive white population of the United States generally an excess of males. | For the native white of foreign pa-
 rents, where the con7ftio with res pect to mortality are not so favorable,
 the result is that the two sexes are | almost identical in number, with, in | fact, a slight preponderance of fe-
 males in 1910, as against a slight ex-
 cess of males in 1900. On the other hand, the negroes, with their greater l death rate, show the same result as
 is observed in European countries,
 namely, an appreciable excess of fe- males in the population both in 1910
 and 1900.
 ! IN THE GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS. If the number of males and females
 in the several geographic divisions are | compared, the general result is found | to reflect the composition of the pOp- ulation of these districts with respect
 to the relative frequency of the diff | ferent racial and nativity groups Where the negroes are most numer-
 ous, as in the South Atlantic and East | South Central States, the sexes are
 most nearly equal Those states
 which owe large part of their pop ulat1On to accret1OnS from elsewhere, whether from foreign countries or
 from other parts of the United States.
 show the greatest preponderance of
 males. The New England division | alone shows an excess of females; while this division has grown very I largely through immigration, it has 1 from the character of its industries drawn more female immigrants pro-
 portionately than other parts of the 1 country. The New England States have, moreover, lost some of the nat | ural excess of males through migra- | tion of persons born in New England | to more western communities
 | In the Middle Atlantic division the | proportion of 103.3 males to 100 females | is somewhat less than that for the | United States as whole. It would appear that the effects of foreign inn migration are in part offset by the migration from these states of native born citizens. The increasing diver | sion, however, of the stream of imnni- grafton in recent years to eastern com-
 munities instead of western commun-
 ities is reflected in the fact that tn each of the three northern divisions
 east of the Mississippi River the pro- portion of males is somewhat larger in 1910 than it was in 1900
 The East North Central division, where there are 106 males for every I I