davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

can hope to communicate with other sta
lions he must be able to read the inter-
national Morse code at the rate OF at
least twenty words minute. Before the
responsibility Of such station can pc
placed upon his shoulders he must be
conversant with the regu atoms OF inter-
national radio-communication, and before
vessel owners will trust him with the
contents Of messages he must be nouno
to secrecy.
OF the thirty nations that have ratified
the Berlin convention the United states
has been the first country to enact the
law compelling the use of wireless, with
Austria a close second and Great Britain
a probable third.
Sine the first OF last July every snip
that has entered the ports OF the United
States has been surveyed by q wireless
inspector. His first act upon entering the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

The phrase which reads, 1.-THE apparatus
shall be capable Of transmitting and re-
ceiving messages over distance OF at
least 100 miles, covers the whole equip
equipment must be actuated by q current
Of not less than q certain strength. The
source Of current under ordinary circum.
stances on board ship Is In the engine
there must be q most reliable method OF
communication between the operator and
the engineer on duty. The dynamo must
be separate from that used for lighting
every vessel must install an auxiliary
plant OF storage batteries for emergency
use.
One of the most important features Is
the set of wires aloft from which the
force that radiates the messages through
space is loosened. In order to be efficient
this portion Of the equipment must pos
sess a certain capacity to collect cleo
tricity, and to do this both the wires lead
ing from the sending apparatus and those
high degree Of insulation to Withstand the
strain of the $1,000 or more volts used.
The Republic Florida collision and the
Nantucket incident showed that the val
ue Of wireless lay In summontng help
from afar more than in preventing &C.
cidents If the vessels radiation does not
reach the standard some part OF the
equipment is lacking. and the apparatus
will not be rated as efficient.
The wireless operator is known as q
"telegraphist," perhaps because the new
law has placed him In the class OF
licensed men. To procure this license the
law has stipulated another dovetailed sci
Of requirements that are contained In the
single phrase 1.-The equipment shall be
In charge Of person skilled in the use
of such apparatus" Skilled" covers the
points which were formulated by the
Berlin convention. Each government
therefore, examines Its telegraphsrs. and
the licenses issued are given an inter
national recognition.
The scheme Of the examination run,
thus: The telegraphist must understand
the electrical theories that apply to wire
less before he can effectively adjust hi
apparatus; 1t must be adjusted CAREFUL,
before he can telegraph, and before HI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

rying fifty or more persons, including
passengers and crew. shall be equipped
not be deemed efficient unless capable OF
sending and receiving messages 100 or
more miles. shall exchange messages with
other equipments Of whatever make and
shall be In charge OF a regularly licensed
operator. One proviso reads thus: THAT
the provisions of this act shall not apply
to steamers plying only between ports
less than 200 miles apart"
+
There are details to this limit which
only the bureau Of navigation knows
what consideration they required. From
New York to Philadelphia by sea Is 20
miles; from New Orleans to Mobile, 211,
and from San Francisco to Santa Bar
bara, 295 miles. These represent, SO far
as this law is concerned, the shortest
passages Of coastwise vessels. There are
numerous other cOastwise lines plying
longer courses, varying from fourteen to
ninety hours at sea, and these lines
carry thousands of passengers annually
who are subjected to the possible disas-
trous effects of fog and storm.
The sea forecasts issued by the weather
bureau, especially those giving warning
Of the approach of the dreaded West In
dian hurricanes usually precede the storm
by from fourteen to twenty-four or thir-
ty-ax hours. Coastwise vessels plying
courses Of less than 200 miles, or from
fourteen to sixteen hours at sea. can
therefore escape these storms by the
guidance of these advices. Those at sea
on longer courses must depend upon
wireless.
On the United States coasts there are
over 100 naval and commercial wireless
stations which, in such an emergency.
give precedence to these warnings and
fash them through space at frequent in
tervals. In the great hurricanes OF Oc-
tober. 1909. and October 1910. over q
eign vessels acknowledged the receipt OF
these warnings. and either altered their
courses to escape the storm or made port
Over $4,000, 600 worth Of marine property
was thereby protected. and perhaps thou
sands of lives saved.
A law that deals with mechanics usual
ly contains numerous points that dove
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

amount Algeria. which is really under the
protection of France though not an in
tegral part of the French republic, fur
nished, in 1910. 175,34S. $40 gallons nearly
seven-eighths OF the French importation.
All Of this wine was in casks and the bot
tied importation is not included In the
calculations From other European coun-
tries. principally from Spain, the French
imported 31.024,997 gallons of various
wines. all of them wins ordinaires." The
present importation exceeds that Of any
other year prior to 1910. of which the
Department of Agriculture has record. by
more than 25.OOO.O0O gallons, for 1908
stood next in rank with an Importation
record Of 17S. 411.066 The tabulation
shows that Frances importation OF wines
is increasing rather than diminishing. not
withstanding the fact that except for the
1910 crop the local production has also
been increasing. and the population. which
consumes the wines. has not been dimin-
governments best statistics. is practically
at standstill.
Statistical dopesters OF the department
say that the per capita consumption Of
wine in the French republic-and these
figures comprise every man, woman and
child living under the 'tri-coleur'-is In
the neighborhood OF 37h gallons per an
mum.
In the face OF the huge French I'm
portation OF wines Of the lower grades
the republic Is an exporter OF So. 10. 26S
gallons OF the grades other than cham
pagnes and other sparkling beverages. and
o,74e,S9s gallons Of the famous tizzy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

- PINE years of development and
practical demonstration, four
years OF actual commercial use
u and four years wherein the
most skeptical of doubling
Thomases' acknowledged its positive
necessity-this is the record OF wireless
telegraphy to date.
Walls OF distress from thirty-three ves-
sells were flashed through space In those
latter four years. The conditions attend
ing some of those calls authorize the
statement that 200 lives were saved; of
the others. that 5000 human souls were
in imminent danger and were prob
ably saved. This. too, by wireless equip
ments that were installed voluntarily by
progressive vessel owners.
Throughout the world there Is ship
wreck in about every 100 hours. The
NUMBER of lives thus at stake totals about
1000 annually. with the possible prop
erty loss above the $1,000 go mark.
With the equipment of every ocean going
vessel carrying passengers and crew num-
bering NIFTY or more now mandatory and
under the strict surveillance OF the COM
missioner OF navigation. what will be the
record Of wireless year hence?
~
The present situation marks a most
logical succession of events. Back in the
early days OF wireless. when It's CONNER
cial use became a possibility, the desire
OF the companies to control the field led
the more Jealous to make various claims
about the origin of ideas. De Forrest.
Fessenden, Stone and Massie in the
United States, and Marconi. Slaby, Arc,
and Siemens in Europe, engaged .ss.y
squabbles over patents. None - these,
however, made the hand of fortune point
in any individual direction Each com
pany. therefore. bound the lessees Of It's
instruments not to interchange mes
sages except in case of emergencies
Government experts realized then what
harm could be done by such a monopoly.
In November. 1906, they met at Berlin to
talk the matter over, and deliberated into
existence the paragraphs that compelled
all wireless systems TO interchange mes
sages, a convention that has since been
ratified by all of the principal maritime
nations of the world.
But Il required the collision OF the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05
s%s-.esr>rh q usaar.>eea-< oxa.r,.ro.
WOMEN OF MANCHU.

tain passes and 200 II Of territory. terri
tory more beautiful than productive.
This battle, so carefully related by their
historians, who trace the rise OF their
kingdom to it. is the best evidence as as 10
the original size Of the Manchu king
dom and the resources of their SIX
cities"
Jing-Dsoo's grandson. Noormachu. was
born in 1859. OF course, the conqueror
was distinguished above other men from
his birth. He was a thirteen-month
child, had the dragon face and the
phoenix eye,'' his chest was enormous
his ears large, land his voice like the
tone Of the largest bell" At ten years OF
age he lost his mother and was placed
under the care of stepmother. AT nine
teen she sent him out with rev COINS 10
make his way; but he so speedily proceed
ed to show that he could do 1t tnat sne
offered to give him a larger sum, Whlcn
he declined.
His little wars with the neighboring
clans resulted in the formation OF mil
itary confederacy, for none could stand
before Noormachu. Finally. in 1918. he
had dared to invade the great empire to
the south and discovered. probably to his
intense establishment, as did the Goths IN
Italy. that he was annihilated.
A growing weakness Of the Ming dy-
nasty, which had occupied the throne for
more than 200 years. was. OF course. re-
sponsible. IT." says Ross. 1T was
necessary that the movements of the
Manchus should have been regulated by
wise bravery, 1t was even more essential
that reckless folly should misguide their
not less brave opponents" It did The
eunuchs of the palace ruled, whoever
might be the emperor, and 1t was suffi-
g.. 1~ds CHI
of activity for them to secure his re-
moval on trumped-up charges and finally
his execution. Besides. the government
was SO busy dealing with riots and re-
bellions in it's own bailiwick that 1t
thought no more of an outbreak on the
northern frontier than we now would OF
a local strike In the state of Washington.
Yet within twenty-six years after Moor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

ACCOMPLISHMENTS that fellow down
there on earth doing?
companion-He's walking. That's the
way the ancients used to move around.
you know. He's got q little strip down
there called q sidewalk. and he's got 10
go over II once q year like that TO hold
the franchise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05
Pointed.

HT Uncle JOE" CANNON. in an after
~ dinner speech on the tarir in
Washington. enlivened dull subject with
a pointed joke.
American pins" he said. ARE superior
to foreign ones Still. must admit that
only an expert can tell the difference on
sitting down on one"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

measures the power supplied, and IL II
falls short the deficiency may be due
either to lack of the required amount al
the source or to leaky insulation. Measur.
ing the length Of the ether waves which
the apparatus is capable Of producing is
one of the most important features of the
inspectors work. He has the apparatus
which indie ates this directly. The regu-
a certain length, with a given power.
The values have been secured from
standard instruments. SO that they give
the most efficient and economical results.
If the te'egraphist cannot, at any time.
secure the desired wave length there is
something at fault. and he may be
caught in a bad AK In some pressing
emergency. because. to send a greater
distance, he will need perhaps three or
four times more power than the standard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

TWO Hundred and Fifty
i Years Since Manchus
Imposed Their Rule on
China-A Laughable In
vasion-The Clans of China
How the Manchus Kept
WI in a Good Frame of
Mind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

WO hundred and
fifty years have
come and gone
since the Manchu
barbarians impos
ed their rule OF
China. and now
unless all signs
fail, that rule =
ended.
If It Is. then the
Chinese have pu!
a period to an cpl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

grandson was made emperor in Peking.
There was a wideawake general on the
Manchurian frontier named 1ingbi, who
saw the dangers Of the Manchu incursion.
and had by his own unaided efforts saved
Iieaotung province from them. The
eunuchs had him removed and sent Yuen
Wing Tai a man of letters. 'who." says
Boulger, had never heard shot fired
nor seen the fight Of the Manchu ar
rows" to take his place and defend the
extensive border.
Noormachu had not intended to make an
attack until he heard OF this substitution.
but when he found that Tfngbi was no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

But" says Ross, following the chron-
icles, 1.-The Emperor Jing-Dsoo was wise
and his eldest son. Lidun. was brave.
Lidun mustered all the forces Of the king
dom. marched against the enemy and
compelled victory over the eighteen rob-
bers.
This victory secured them five noun
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05
The Dainty English.
From Black and White

Daintiness and epicureanism are becom-
ing as much q characteristic Of our peo-
pie as the opposite was throughout the
greater part of the nineteenth century.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

reached such a point that In the angry
clamor the Manchus entered Picking al.
most unperceived. The story is q strange
one.
The feebleness of the Ming government
had grown to such a point that the bandit
chiefs who were marrying the south and
west had become the most powerful per-
sons in the kingdom. One Of them is said
to have had half a million men at his
command. Exaggerated as the figures
may be, the mere fact that they went
without question shows how great must
have been his robber army.
Such buccaneers as Sir Henry Morgan
sink into utter insignifcance compared
with these robbers, who thought no more
of capturing city than Napoleon would.
Chang Hsien-Chang. the most ruthless OF
this day in China. 1t is told of him that
when he captured Ma-cheng Hsien he had
the feet Of all the women cut OF and piled
together. When this was done. he re-
marked that TIE feet Of his favorite mis-
tress were more beautiful than any OF
those before him. and ordered her feet
cut of and added to the pile.
~
At the capture Of Wuchangfu he lit an
incense stick and announced that he
would give the population time to es-
cape while the stick was burning; when it
was extinguished he would massacre
them. OF course the streets were In
stantly choked with a struggl ng, fran
tic mob, and his men fell upon them
and slaughtered them like sheep. When
he took Szechuan he committed such
massacre that 1t Is said the whole pres
ent population are the descendants OF
immigrants who came there afterward to
people the empty city.
But his fame was destined to be ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

his nine powerful sons. was "the scourge
of the west This terrible rebel was
Joined by Jiahoo and his seven sons. and
this army of eighteen terrorized the whole
region.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

would require and which his plant very
likely cannot develop. and his ability TO
communicate with other vessels or sta
lions will be restricted to certain limits
Whatever Is at fault the inspector 1ots
down In his notebook and informs the
master of the vessel. A few hours be-
fore sailing time he steps aboard again
to see X those faults have been remedied
II they still exist the inspector notifies
the captain that q hne as great as &5,OO0
stares him in the face.
The law does not authorize the refusal
of clearance papers to a vessel that has
violated its provisions. but should
vessel leave port after its equipment has
been pronounced deficient its return to
any port in the United States will be
greeted by a libel. which holds IL until
its case is disposed Of by the govern
ment admiralty court OF that district.
stuffs. which include in addition to the
regular champagnes the bubble producing
fluids OF the Moselle region and tributary
departments OF northern France. France
as an exporter OF wines has maintained
for the past six years q fairly constant
standard. The year 1907 furnishes the
high record OF export with 81, S14.547 gal
Ions of ordinary wines and $500. 425 gal
Ions Of champagne and kindred wines.
Her low record was I'm 1905 when of ordi-
nary wine she exported 4S. 276.011 gallons.
and OF the champagnes 5,247, 235 gallons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

empress withdrew into her apartment
and hanged herself. When she was gone
Chung Cheng, looking fondly at his If
teen-year-old daughter. said: "Why were
l ann" and drawing his sword, slew her
on the spot. He then killed all the other
female members of his family-a fate far
better for them than to fall into the
ands of the bandit followers Of LII
Having committed this spartan deed
.e emperor, after a vain search for
some means of flight assembled Prospect
hill and hanged himself on a tree. He left
behind him dignified and pathetic state
mept, the concluding words OF which
were:
You who reduce me to this unhappy
pass may take my body, IL you will. and
hack It to pieces. I shall make no pro-
test. But spare my people, refrain from
doing them injury
The only person with him was his faith
full eunuch. Wang Chengen. who killed
himself near the body of his master.
THE Emperor Chung" says Bulloch
has always been regarded with SYM
pathy by Chinese historians. He was a
man of good disposition industrious and
of fair abilities, and in his character and
his fate he reminds one strongly of the
unfortunate Louis XVI of France. He
suffered for the faults Of his predecessors.
He himself would never have brought his
Kingdom to ruin. But. indecisive and
wavering by nature, he lacked the stead
on the downward course along which 1t
was rushing with rapidly increasing
velocity"
There was one man left who was can
able Of withstanding Ii, and this was w,
San-kuei. an officer in command Of a lit
tie tract along the Manchurian frontier
When Ii sent a force to attack him WI
perceived that he would be overwhelmed
il he fought alone, and he invited the
aid Of the Manchus. They gave It; they
swore friendship with him and induced
him to make his men shave their heads ir
order that they might be distinguishable
from other Chinese. This was the origin
of the present custom Of the shaver head
and the pigtail among Cinnamon.
While LIS men were attacking WI, ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

law that deals with mechanics usual
ly contains numerous points that dove
tail one another until the root Is reached.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-11-05

NE years OF development and
practical demonstration. four
years of actual commercial use
and four years wherein the
most skeptical of doubling
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-02-13

Pullman Call
A. W. FRlTOT w.. TraveHue
10 WEST BAY STREET JACKSONVILLE, A.
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-02-13
BRIDGE PARTY AND Sewing
BEE SATURDAY Afternoon,
MRS. THOS. n. WHITE ENTER
TANNED A LARGE NUMBER OF
LADIES At HER HOME ON
SOUTH BEACH STREET.

An exceedingly pleasant social
event transpired SATURDAY, afternoon
at the winter home of Mr. and Mrs.
Thos. H. White on South Beach
street, when Mrs. White entertained
some SO or more ladies', a part Of
her guests being engaged at bridge
and the others forming a sewing cir
Gle in the den" on the second floor
of the residence.
The rooms were beautifully deco
rated, nasturtiums and pOincettas
predominating in the living room.
the nasturtiums being largely from
Mrs. Whites own garden. and the
mantel was banked with ferns and
nasturtiums, forming with the white
and red background a very effective
and beautiful color combination. The
decorations in the dining room con
sisted of roses and carnations and
the entrance hall WAS frightened and
adorned by Il beautiful pink ald
white azalea contributed for the oc-
casnn by MIS-. Louis Adler Tn
rooM occupied by tile ladies seNin-
bee was t;stefully decorated IN 20 L
cet,a bamboo and lna.nu'ia
Tie first bridge prize was secu.e.'
by Mrs w. F. Roberts, who =
Spending the season with DR.. ard
Mrs W. \. Cove. This was hand
decorated sugar and cream set
Mrs. }. ID. Maley of Daytona Beach,
took the second prize, beautiful
hand painted plate, and Mrs. \. Hill
lard Of this city and Dickinson. y.
D.. received the third prize. I,
silver souvenir spoon.
The first prize in the sewing lee
Was captured by Mrs. Graham
Thompson of this city. This was !;
sewing companion, made of silk and
filled with all the articles necessary
for sewing purposes. The second
prize, an encyclopedia on sewing
VAS secured by Mrs {. \. d. Shugert
sister OF Mrs. II. II, Hoene of North
R.cGewesud avenue. Tn third pr re
Z silver Bile, fell TO Mrs Carr {
". Wilder OF tni., qty The sew. :
WIS for The benefit ii the ely island
.uud
The ladies' had a ms, enjoyable
same f.-tm 80" rrt.l -..f" = III
The entertainment Nas ii IT'D 81
~ Mrs Barnes OF N;n4eupol :. N.nn
! " ho = visiting her SISTER. Ms. "
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1911-02-13
Feb. Is In American History.

11oS-Cotton Mather. famous in the
New England witchcraft raid. died;
born 1868
17G6-Benjamin franklin appeared be-
fore the house Of commons to plead
the cause Of the American colonies
11S9-General Ethan Allen. the Green
Mountain hero. died: born 1899
1S43-Commodore Isaac Hull. Ameri-
can naval hero. commander OF the
famous frisate Constitution. died;
born 1913.
1SSt5A food memorable in the annals
Of New England reached it's height
1S97-John Randolph Tucker. a noted
Virginian. died: born 1893 Gener-
al Joseph o. Shelby. celebrated
west Of the Mississippi as a dash.
ing Confederate cavalry command
er, died.
ASTRONOMICAL EVENTS.
(trOm noon today to noon tomorrow }
Sun SETS o:2s, rises Go; moon rises
6:52 p. Il. .".--