davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening world., 1911-08-21
POLICEMAN SAVES BOY.

The presence OF mind of Policeman
Edward Hayden OF the Flatbush station
house probably saved the life OF four
teen-year-old Gustave Lundwall OF No,
rs Prospect street, Flatbush. to-day.
Hsyden found the hoy lying on the side
walk at GARRISON stree, and New York
avenue In a seml-conscious condition.
He was bleeding from q cut on the
wrist.
The policeman cut the strap from his
club and made a tourniquet from II,
stopping the flow OF blood. lie ther
Communicated passing automobile
and took the lad to the Kings County
Hospital There the surgeons said IN,
boy would have bled TO death In a few
minutes had 1t NOS been for Hayden.
prompt action. Young Lundwall Gu
MS wis, ten days ago BY falling OF
a broken bottle. An artery was sew,
cred, lie was on his a 10 the hospl,a
to-day to have the dressing change,
when he Stumbled and fell, displacin,
the stitches
The evening world., 1911-08-21
STRIKERS
RETURN TO WORK.
SOME ST|LLF|GH7
Railroad Men Offered Inferior
Jobs Hold Out While Pro-
test Is Made.

yovnoS AUG ., -The railroads were
...,,oo. ,o-a.v
rapoiy res'o'i"s
and the manasers conndehuy eNpee'e"
that by evening all lines would be OPP
.r,,,,y a,,,o., as smoothly as before
.,-.-., lii. ,,o roa,. a, cra,,
tue se"e'"' W." v"
Britain was ordered last Ihursoay
night. There were some htchcs. pu.'
these were believed to be but temporary
obstacles 10 a formal pact assuring 4
hst,.r working arrangement bet wecn
amnI,,ars ami a nlovSss .utisfa Glory 10
-
~" ''eo - Sac.
Inc se'''e"'eh' o'ous"' "uou' ~"
DAY evening throusn the "oNe'"'"e"
and the Board OF rrade PROVIDED TOT
the appointment OF sectional Cancellation
boards repres,ntinX both parties and
which sbau undertake TO adjust all i'm
n.d,a,a differences. the
N-. =, .n.,,,i ,,mu,.s,o, -,
80 ..a.,,.a ThI. -
inquiry WIZ " 80.
MISSION wiz sssu""s ana.nn, "o"
''g OUT . .n .anna a. .u..
Inc me" eApeo' - $500
eo'.cess1o"e raonsn,,,an =.
of future re n.Hn.. y,
their 'n'o"s .s.,,,,a., r,sn =.
companies nss' p.an ~
treat wiz" ~ A.. -. .n
unions VINO We 80 y
The evening world., 1911-08-21
EIGHTY R0Wp|ES
SENTENCED TO JAIL
At C0NEy ISLAND
tC~ontinued From First pige.)

a nan climbing through n window he
pounced on him and hustled him on
70 the station house regardless of pro-
tests and explanations. No one was
spared. The facilities at the station
house were severely taxed by the large
number OF prisoners housed there dur
ing the night.
The first prisoner arralgned before
Magistrate Hylan to-day tried to num-
bile an explanation In which the words
didn't mean to hurt any one figured.
The Magistrate refused to listen to II.
We've stopped the rowdyism on the
Coney Island trains said he. and now
we are going to stop the terminal row.
dyism Fines won't go In any of these
cases except a few. I'm going to send
the most of you to Jail. When you get
out and come down here again you'll
probably hin twice before you make
up your mind to trample on women n
children In you mad rush for seats"
Paul Kaiias OF No. 1867 Eighty-fourth
street. Bath Beach, was. a%rraigned be-
fore the Magistrate charged with as
sault by Policemen Lowe and Landers.
who accused him OF Interfering with
them while they were taking two row.
dies to the station house. lie was held
In bail for n further hearing.
The "Strong-Arm Squad" was also on
the lookout for trouble In the subway.
Policeman John Shields arrested two
young men who started throwing balls
and annoying passengers when they en-
tered an express at Fourteenth street.
They kept 1t up until they were taken
out at one Hundred and Flfty-seventh
street. They we're Michael Etzkovitz,
sixteen years old, of No. ITO East First
street. and Max Silverberg, seventeen.
OF No. 13S Avenue Il.
Emanuel Silverstein. a lawyer. pleaded
for clemency in their behalf In the
Harlem Police Court. but Magistrate
Meouade, said he was determined to aid
his brother Magistrates in breaking
Sunday rowdyism and would not even
allow them the privilege Of paying a
fine. He sentenced each one to five
days in the Workhouse.
Jerome Gardner, a barber, of No. 81
East Eighty-elghth street; Harry Mon
Janus, twenty-five years old, a post-of-
flee clerk. OF No. 3l5 East Ninety-third
street, and David kaylor, twenty-five
years old. OF No. 3l5 East ~Ninety-second
street, who were arrested Yesterday for
disoraerly conduct In a trolley car a,
Woodside. J.. l., were each fined $40 in
the Magistrates Court at Hunter
Point,
The evening world., 1911-08-21
CONGRESS CLEARING DECKS
FOR FINAL ADJOURNMENT.
House to Pass Cotton Bill and
Expects Taft'S Veto of II in
Time 10 Quit Tomorrow.

WASHINGTON, Aug 9l-Leaders OF
the Senate and House reached an un-
Outstanding to-day that Congress should
adjourn tomorrow afternoon, but the
how viii be determined by the con-
| veulcnue ~ President TAFT,
Members " both parties aSreed hat
II woult he disoourteJus 10 the Pres
dent t. adjourn without giving HIN a
chance 10 transmit to the House hts
veto OF the cotton bill 1t was de
cidcd. however that no action would
De taken upon the Veto message,
History repeated Itself IN the House
to-day, when amid cries against gag
rule, that recalled the Older days o.
the Cannon machine, the Democrat
hauled out "A we'll oiled steam roller and
OVERRIDE all objections to a rule whic.
will force the cotton bill through ths
House about 6 O'Clock this evening.
Even E~x-Speaker Cannon, who former,
~ appeared as proud sponsor for sim,la'
gags. pleaded plalntiyely but iaener.
tually aSaias, the Democrati, roller. IL,
: Democrats iced the roller In Ito EFFORT 2
toe decks for adjournment to-mor-
The evening world., 1911-08-21
MORRIS LEAVES HOME FOR
FIGHT IN NEW YORK,

TULSA, Okla. Aug, 2.--Carl Morris,
the Oklahoma white hope" with his
wife and his trainer, Con Riley, viii
leave his home here tonight for New
York city to join his manager, r. Il.
Ufer. who is there making ina prepar-
ations for Morris's bout with Jim
Flynn. the Pueblo fireman. Morris said
to-day the match will be held about
the middle OF next month, the exact
date to be fixed later. His sparrlng
partners In the training camp at Allen
hurst will be Joe jeanette. Joe Cotton
and Al Kubiak.
III ! win from Flynn I will never re.
turn to Oklahoma t. I've" Morris said
this afternoon. They DON'T want me
here and l will remain away Perhaps
feel over con.ileat, but the world vii,
know me better In six weeHs,"
The evening world., 1911-08-21
Chance Says Pennanf Fight
Lies BetWeen Cubs ana Giants

while the Giants and Cubs wera engaged In batting practice On the
Pol, Ground. this afternoon Frank Chance. manager Of Chicago, made the
rather nt"cHings statement that his team had as much chance Of winning the
pennant this time as they had had during h past few years
OF course" said Chance. II realize that we have a hMd nght on or
hands. but We have always had hard fights
our greatest handicap so far has been the continual changes In our ms
chine % account OF the old timers dropping out It always veakens 4 ma
chine temporarily to change It, We missed Evers king and stelnfeht for
a while. bat the club Is now ON an yer keel again., and We VIII q ahead at a
regular gait.
Another difficulty We have had has been the uncertaInty of the pitching
STAFF, but that eNens ITSELF In the long run as the pitchers like Richie aud cole
I'M strong when the old fellows we're wobbMng They are al going nicely
~ and see no reason to be worried at the outcome. I know te Giants
have a very fast tean.a and II wiz be a fight between New York and Chicago
jus, Ike IL vas threcy years < o. Pntsburg may I'M ahcsu M oe both of
us out, but doubt it
The evening world., 1911-08-21

ner about the shoulders. almost ne,cely
aud began to kss her as thOugh by
looking IA her eyes and teelins tn.
tou,h u her lips he could forget the
great horror which II hedged about HIM
lie soDJcd louder and louder unt!l his
voice ncariy rose to - scream.
on, mother" he sdll Mother,
mother. Don't et them Don't mo ,her y
This must cease" said the Court.
Mr.. Ciedry edged between the Vopiln
and the boy, gently forcins them apart
and sat between them. The ho'
sprawied forward with his head on 'ne
table and his shoulders hcaying. va
mother covered her face with her hand
kerchief ard shook quickly
MIR Marluk.' said Mr.. Nott, With
some bitterness. are Won still Of the
opinion that your judgment Of the evil
dcncc OF this case vii not he affected
by sympathy after ihe speo.acle we
have Just witnessed VIII your sym
pathics be unduly affected by n repeti-
ton OF IL. for we may assume that thers
will be many repetltions In the course Of
this trial7
Il do not think so.' said Mr.. Marluk.
Thomas Williams. a buyer for tho
Nsnanaker store, who lives at No us
West one Hundred and Nlnth street.
was the second juror to be seated.
Joseph H. Phlnney, an advertising
man of No. 1870 West one Hundred and
Twelfth street. was the third juror ae-
cepted.
Robert q. Sterling Of No. 10 East
Seventy-scventh street. ls u broker.
with Offices at No. : wall street. IN III"
same building IN which are the offices
OF Van S,haik Il Co.. the bankers and
and brokers' for whom the murdered
The evening world., 1911-08-21
Aviation Held Up at Lyons,
Hopes TO BE 1903 Miles Near
er by Tonight.
DODGES TOWN PRIZES
Expects to Deliver st. Louis
Message to New York World
Wednesday.

LYONS. N. v, Aug. Owing "a q
nigh. unsteady wind. Harry y. Atwood.
the aviator. was unable to resume his
nlght to New York this morning. He
was assured by the wcstherwise here
ahouts that tho wind always died down
about 3 o'clock In the afternoon under
conditions such AS prevailed to-day, so
he set his time OF starting for Syracuse
and Utica at I o'clock. He 10 undecided
as 10 whether no will make any stops
before landing at Utica.
Atwood's utter unconcern Ms to the
wishes OF the people OF the towns on
the route regarding exhibitions ILLS his
managers with grief. lie has lodged q
couple Of places where purses had been
made up for him. Just now his main
object Is to deliver next Wednesday
afternoon to the editor of the New York
World the message he received from the
editor OF the Post-Dispatch at Forest
Park. ST. Louis. last Monday morning.
Should he succeed. he will have flown
through the air from 81. Louis to New
York In ten days and will have broken
all records. American and foreign. for
distance covered in a cross-country
Hight. Thus far Atwood has been eat
Ing mp distance with much less trouble
in respect to mechanical mishsps than
a~utomobllists have with their cars on
long tours.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
RESCUES FIVE
FROM MOT0RBOAT
At BRIDGE FIRE


cradle, against which the motorhoat. was
wedEed by the tide. Tho current was
So strong that he had a hard time to
save his little boa from being slammed
into the draw and smashed, but finally
one OF the women I'D let 10 her hold.
He caught her as the tide Was carry.
ing her away under tho bridge and
dragged her into the boat. and then as
the men lent a willing hand drew the
two other In. Then came an
other struggle to hold the rowboat while
the mon clambered In. lie put for
shore as rapidly as he could. the lanes
from the burning englne-roon lighting
hi way, Having accomplished the res
cue, his mind was nlled with the neces-
slty OF turning In an alarm for the
burning bridge, and he let the men and
women get away without giving their
names and addresses, after they had
hastily explained that The Osprey's en-
gine had become disabled. and the little
craft. caught full on by the wind and
tide. had swept down the river Until II
had crashed against the bridge.
The fire. meanwhile, had spread tt
the bridge itself. Emitting the railroad
ties. n licking the paint from tn,
iron lattlce-work. II presented q bril-,
liant spectacle. and the sparks hllet
the air and fell into the water with 4
pyrotechnical effect.
The lire companies found themselve,
una ole to cope with the blaze. as II wal
out OF reach OF all the lines of hose
which they laid along the shore. The
iireboat Duane MAS then summoned
from Its pier at One Hundred and Th!r'
ty-nfth street In the Harlem River. A,
II steamed up the river, blowing III
whistle. IA tumor that n large steam
boa, was burning spread ind caused
a crowd to collect. The freboal
,urned It's high pressure streams ontC
the bridge and made short work OF tn,
blaze. II was found however. when IN,
FIRE was under control that the boa
had arrived too late to save the super
structure, which was entirely destroyed
The evening world., 1911-08-21
ASKS A PANIC PROBE.
senator owen Wants to Know II
Any Beneated Ia 1907.

WASHINGTON. Aug. 21.-An investi
cation into causes leading to the panic
of 1907 and the benefits secured from
it for any persons or corporations wa
asked in a Senate resolution offered to-
day by senator owen of Oklahoma. I'm
mediate consideration was not asked,
The resolution named a an inyestl-
eating committee senators Kern Of H.
diana. Works. California; Reed, Mis-
souri,; Page, Vermont. and CLARK
Wyoming.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
CARDINALS BEGIN
AGAINST DODGERS
BATTING

WASHINGTON, PARK, BROOKLYN.
~ T., Aug. H.-The st. Louis Cardinals,
minus the services OF their hustl!ns
manager, Roger B~resnahan. who is on
the hospital list. came over to this park
this afternoon and began a series OF
three games with Bill Dahlen's Dodg-
ers. Miller -HuggIns acted as captain
manager for the visitors.
In the first inning both sides drew
blanks, although the Dodgers had two
men left on bases. The Cardinals sot
one run In the second on a single by
Evans and Mowrey's triple to left. The
batter being caught at the plate trying
to stretch the drive into a home run.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
WILSON AFTER RUSBY
ON DRUG FEE CHARGES.
Secretary Says He Is Investigating
Reports That Put Expert in
Questionable Light.

WASHINGTON. Aug. 2l.-secretary Of
Agriculture Wilson testified before the
Investigation Committee to-day
that he now had an investigation under
way to ascertain the truth OF a report
that DR.. II. II. Rusby OF New York. the
drug expert. vas paid Fees by drug I'm
porters to give them advice on drug
samples and later passed on these drugs
for the Government.
Wilson said that sa far an inspector
had reported one such instance.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
N 0 RACE HORSE
SAVED FROM DRUDGERY

LOS ANGELES. Cal, Aug. 21.-John
Payton. a retired stock raiser of Lex
ington. KY, has found his famous old
race horse Starlight drawing a Chinese
laundry wagon here. Immediately after
the discovery Mr.. Payton bought the
horse and gave orders to ship Starlight
back to his stock farm. there to browse
at large and never to work again.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
DIE ..
InIlAN

CGIIdNs-MIRAS. infant daughter Of
Daniel and MARY Collins.
Funeral ON TUESDAY, Aug. -, at ESQ
u, ~, from her parents residence, 80,
- Oakland place, Brooklyn.
GRtG0RN.-Sudlsily. GEORGE. beloved
husband Il Auna Gr,spD.
Funeral from M, late residence, 430 i.
~ hulas ave. Tl,c.iay, , y VI. iuterment
a. poutenieuee Of family.
REID.-Suddenly, al residence, s.
t.llgut stu JEREMIAH REID, beloved
husband o. katherine REID, nee ~ nm.
native OF Castle Island, County kerry
Ireland.
Funeral 10 4. NJ. Wednesday, Aug 20.
from ST Alphonse Church, South 9Th
ave. lnterUent In calvary Cemetery.
OAsH.-CECILIA. beloved wife OF Rob.
ert Roash. on sunday, AUG. 20.
Funeral Tuesday from ls6 West l35th
ST. REQUIEM mass 10 A. N. at ST,
Marks church. men osrs
The evening world., 1911-08-21

John Choalier. a %laborer, twenty-seven
years old. OF No. 392 Johnson avenue.
Jersey City. was struck early to-day by
a horthhQpnd subway train at One Hun.
dred and Tenth street and Lenox ave-
nue. He was carried TO Earlem Hospi-
tai. His right leg was fractured and he
received internal Injuries. He was en-.
on the track section.
The evening world., 1911-08-21
BEAT EXPRESS TRAIN FROM
BUFFALO TO ROCHESTER.

I.av,,, ,>,r,,, ~, ,n .,o,,,u v..,or.
a., -. -, 80 -,
esa' 'oo". N'~ooa '""ueu "''e "
=" O'CLOCK me distance 10 l' miles
lie raced with an express train from
Buffalo to Rochester and beat Il eighteen
minutes.
From hor. A,w,oa uo.. On ,r,,,e ,os
IL - -"
,"'es Away an" SYRACUSE ~ " "Ne's
no VIII ny over AUBURN n give the In
mates OF the state Prison there "a chance
to see an airship.
II he reaches Syracuse tonight he
will have flown i.oss miles since he left
81. LOUIS y week y To-day. ana ne
VIII nave sS miles stll to ny before
finishing In New York City, He has
been In the air every day since he
started and ha. never besn compa,,aa
IN land becauss of any am.ry.ncv mor.
...I.n. ,ha, ,h. 80
go. N. W VI ~ sa'o'
nl'e. III "a'i' 'eeoru' not ihc'udIhs To-
days plans, together with the number
OF stops between the daily start and
finish, IL:
ST. Louis to Chicago, two stops, 2S6
miles, 8 hours and 70 minutes,
Chicago TO Elkhart, Ind. no stops.
l0I miles. . hours and lG minutes.
Elkhart, Ind, TO Toledo. O.. one atom.
1873 miles. . hours and 50 minutes.
Toledo TO Cleveland. two s,ops. la
miles. . hours ana IN Nm,
Cleveland To- Swanyille. pa. no .tons.
"a miles. . hours and 7 mln,,es
Swanyills TO Buffalo. one stop n
miles. 2 hours ana % %n,inuts.
Buffalo to LYONS n. v. M atom, IN.
Miiee. 2 hours and II minuts.
One result OF his flight. Atwood .avs
The evening world., 1911-08-21
EMBRACES HIS MOTHER AS SHE
REACHES HIS SIDE ~ COURT.

Tne little. homely woman. specialized
and a little certain In her walk
edged out OF the aisle Ia which sac
rat and came TO the bar ana through
the gate at the side % the clerks en-
closure The hoy sat rigid until he heard
tho rustic OF her skirts at his side
Then he jumped to his feet and caught
The evening world., 1911-08-21
FATHER OF AsroR's FiANcEE
FAILS TO REPORT As TALESMAN


When the roll of talesmen was cailsl
one OF the names ON 1t was that Of
william IL Force. the father or
NaA.,,n. Eorce who Ia engaged 10 be
$500, a. ioh, Iacoh Astor. Al las,
-. non. a,ero,inu
aes'a"e "'' ~ N.,,r
tis daughter on "a "ip VIZ"
on HIS yacht Mona mere WAS 49,
swer to his name when " was ea'''o'
Mr.. Force was around the Criminal
Courts on Thursday trying TO be oA"
cnsei from IN, panel. but he did not
.nooa., To-d,, hou.y.r. 4, wap an
% ~, n,sr oxcu.,J by
"ou"oeo '""' " ""' ~
general consent -,
Gabriel MariuN of NO oi n'o''""''
the first ,alesman called. was selected as
the brennan OF the jury. lie had sa'd
tAa, ,hs al tha, the defendant wAs
al. ....n,.a, ,o,,. ala would moi, work
V"s a..,.,, h,,, ,r,,r
upoh ms sS.np''"'e "a"a
swing a TAR 'eruie' oh vac .'
ana that ne haa No preJuo'Se as"'"s'
'Api,a punishment.
When he had taker his seat MI oray
rose and AID
'At this point would ask that the
The evening world., 1911-08-21
HIS EYES oLisrEN. THEN BE
COME FILLED WITH TEARS.

lie sa; down. feeling nervously Tor
TIE seat OF the chair beneath him. lie
looked AT the Judge. at Clerk Vol.
at the st~enograpae and the prosecuting
torneys. His eyes glistened and then
nlled. Furtivcly he lifted the handler
chief to his nose and. after side glancc~
90 RICH, and left, sneaked the corner
OF 10 into his eyes. The tears came last
er and he gave M the effort to hide his
frxht and wiped them away openly
A. Gray. tall. spare. with eler-
teal side whiskers toucHed Win gray
lose.
III your Honor please he said. W
assume that this case 10 now called ioi
rial. ] feel that this is the proper time
10 acuualnl the Court with a cireuIn'
lance affecting the case. A most ma
tsrial witness to the defense who has
Deen sougv for many days was founc
by US In prison IN Scranton. Ia. Wo
were In great palms TO secure his at
tendance here and through our efforts
ne was paroled and brought to this
city. He has disappeared since late
saturday night
VIVA, 10 yor application to tns
Court7" asked Justice Grain.
That the ,rial be postponed until he
can be found. ] would make the re-
quest nov as a preliminary to rensw-
ing 1t when IN, Jury has been selected
and the takins OF testimony begun
II he SHOULD not have appeared hsrs
In obedieac, 10 the ~ibpoena OF this
Court at that time"
MIR. Mott Of the prosecution and Mr..
The Record-courier. [volume] (Gardnerville, Nev.) 1904-current, 1911-02-10

Peter Nelson was called from Ante
lope this week by the illness of his
youngest child.
The Record-courier. [volume] (Gardnerville, Nev.) 1904-current, 1911-02-10
DANCE ARRANGEMENTS
ARE COMPLETED.

All arrangements have been
made ior the big dance that lis 10
be held in Gardneryille on We'd
nesday evening, February 22nd.
The Litchenberg orchestra, that
charmed ihe dancers of this Valley
ON two former occasions, has been
secured for the coming event. The
supper will be given at the East
Fork hotel which lnsures that the
best will none too good. The hall
is to be nicely decorated and moth
ing will be left undone that will
tend to make the affair a joyous
one.
The Record-courier. [volume] (Gardnerville, Nev.) 1904-current, 1911-02-10
LADY MAKES
HARD TRIP
From Biiou to Foot of kinsbury
Grade on SnOwshOes on Way
to Bedside Of Dying Sister

Last Saturday DR.. and Mrs. NJ
w. Young, whosreside at Bijou, on
the southern shore OF Lake Tahoe,
received word from Placerville
that Mrs. Young's sister was
seriously i'll and not expected to
survive. All transportation faci-
lities to the Lake being closed on
account of the heavy snowstorms,
the Doctor and his determined lit
tie wife, mounted their snowshoes
and hit the trail over the Sierras
to Minden, their nearest railroad
point. Both being expert in the
use OF snowshoes, they covered the
II miles over the snow to the foot
of the Kingsbury grade in remark
able time and took the train at
Minden, continuing on their race
against death to reach the bedside
OF the stricken sister. They failed,
however, in their race as death re-
lieved the sufferiDg5 of the young
lady before they reached her bed
side.
The Record-courier. [volume] (Gardnerville, Nev.) 1904-current, 1911-02-10
CAPTAIN PETE
VISITS GOVERNOR

Captain Pete, chief OF the Washoe
tribe of Indians was in Carson a
few days ago and according to the
News, called on the governor 10 pay
his respects and ask for some
legislative clemency in b, half Of
his tribe. Captain Pete is anxious
that the fish and game license act
be amended to exempt the Indians
from paying a license to hunt and
fish, which they can i'll afford, and
also to have the fish and game law
SO amended that the Indian dur
ing the closed season ,can catch a
fish now and then for his personal
consumption. Captain Pete in
formed the governor that many of
his tribe suffered severely during
the winter months from inability
TO get work of any kind, and that
without the right to fish, unless
they possess license, many of the
older ones were destitute and had
to be cared for by the other In
dians.
The Record-courier. [volume] (Gardnerville, Nev.) 1904-current, 1911-02-10
ASSEMBLY SUPPORTS
YERINGTON MEASURE

Tuesday the bill providing Tor
the moving OF the county seat OF
Lyon county from Dayton to Yer
ington passed the assembly, max
ing it law in all but the sigma
turs of the Governor, which Will
be affixed beyond question.
The removal of the county seat
stirrs up considerable amount OF
discomfort on the part OF the people
living in the northern section OF
the county, and they are now
petitioning for division Of the
county. Naturally Ormsby, Lyon
and iChurchill are looking Tor
share OF the spoils and bill viii
probably be introduced asking for
the division. Up to date the
Lyon county delegation has had
plain sailing. There will be some
pretty lively lobbying the next lew
days ON the forthcoming measure.
In the meantime the Lyon delega-
ton 10 entitled to congratulations.
Appeal.