davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Julius Caesar.

Caesar was asSassinated March 15,
a B. c., and was at the time of his
death fifty-six years old. 1t is not
alone as a military genius that his
fame -endures- By almost common
consent he was the most remarkable
all round man of antiquity-masterfu
ly great not only as general, but as
writer, statesman and administrator.
In addition to these high accomplish
ments he was great mathematician,
philOlOgist. architect and jurist His
conversational powers were extraOr-
dinary, and from all accounts he was
in his manner one of the most at
tractfve of men
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Laughter and Daath

He can be said to have won the game
OF life who at the last can laugh. That
final speech of o. Henry. the short
story writer, was finer than any storv
he ever wrote Just as he was DIVING
he turned to the doctor and said: "PulI
up the curtain, doc. I'm afraid to go
home in the dark" 3" The speech had in
1t wide courage and a sense of values.
One fOrgives the royal Charles much
frivOlity for the sake of his diving
speech, Gentlemen, fear I'm an un-
considerable time a-dying" g"-Harper's
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Opera In Dumb Show

The late Clara NOvellO in her remi-
nniscences tells how Malibran once ap-
peared in ''SOnnambula" without ut
terlng a note. She had taken cold
and was prevented from singing at
rhe last moment. though crowds of
early comers already filled the house.
"On the manager telling her, in de-
Spair, that, besides loss of money.
these disappointed people would be
dangerous she said, 4 can't speak
above my breath; l should have to do
it in dumb showP Bum at once
caught at this Outburst as if seriously
meant and on his knees begged her
TO try this, and she, fired by the nov
city, did so. The grateful public raw
ed in praise of this surprising tour de
force. and the sensation il made filed
the papers"
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
BURNT CORK.
The Paste Used by Minstrel Perform
ers When Backing Up is
Factory Product.

The popular impression as to the sp-
plicatiOn of burnt cork by minstrel
performers and actors in general is
that it is rubbed on the face and hands
Of the player from a cork whose end is
charred in convenient gas jet. This
impression is however. incorrect The
burnt cork used by Ministries and
others is the product of the theatrical
paint factories" just as is any other
cosmetic or pigment employed By the
profession
One house makes it in the following
manner: The cOrks are placed in three
tin vessels. resembling wash boilers,
with holes punched in their sides and
bottom. Alcohol is sprinkled over the
corks, and they they are fired When
the cOrks have been properly charred
they are placed in muslin sacks, which
are kneaded in barrels Of water This
operation forces the powdered charcoal
through the sacks into the water
When all the charTed cOrks have
been worked through the sacks into
the water in this way the water is
drained through a close canvas sack,
and what remains in that sack is
ready for the performers The stun
is put up in cans. from which, when
the minstrel is ready TO 'black up" be
takes little of the black paste Ia his
hands and applies it to his face. neck
and sometimes his hands-New York
Herald
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
- y fl5yfN !
DISLIkES INNOVATIONS.
The Rhinoceros Is the Most ConserVa-
tive of Beasts and Attacks Any
thing That Is New TO Him.

Sir Frederick Treves. the distinguish
ed British surgeon. in his book 'Ugan-
da For Holiday" has a word or two
to say about the rhinoceros.
'The rhinOceros is the embodiment
! Of blind conservatism, he writes Its
hide is impenetrable, its vision is weak,
while its intellect is weaker. It has,
however, two marked qualities-com-
I battveness and a sense Of smell. It is
aroused to its maximum energy by the
presence of anything that is new. This
/ object need not be thing that is ag-
/ greSsive or incOnYenient. Its offensive
ness depends upon the fact that it is
unfamiliar, and the more unfamiliar
the object is the worse the rhinOcerOs
acts.
When a rhinOcerOs smells a man he
will charge him with maniacal vio-
lence, although the man may be mere
ly sitting on stool reading Milton.
The massive beast will dash at him
like a torpedo or a runaway locOmO-
tive simply because the smell Of him
is novel. Actuated by this insane hate
Of whatever savOrs of an innovation,
the rhtnOcerOs has charged an iron wa
ter tank on the outskirts of a camp
and has crur:Dled it up as a blacksmith
would an empty meat tin.
"a conservative rhinocerOs with a
senile dislike of anything new once
charged train on the Uganda railway,
but with no more serious results than
the tearing away of the foOtbOard Of
carriage. AS regards the rhinOceros in
this case, it appeared surprised that a
thing composed. as it had imagined, OF
flesh and blood could be so hard. 1t
went OF with an additional grievance
and an increased swelling of the head"
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Do You Help Others?

1t has been tritely said that for ev-
cry one who stands alone there are
twelve to lean against him. How is 1t
with you? Are you one Of those
against whom others lean for help and
encouragement. or are you leaning
against some one and drawing your
inspiration and courage from him? 1t
depends entirely on yourself whether
you take a positive attitude in your
work or whether your negative char
acteristic shall dominate. It is much
easier to go through life making as
little effort as possible, but it is a
poor way If we are going to make
life yield even a small mOdicum of
what it holds for us If you are work
ing earnestly and hoping for success
there is only one way to attain 1t, and
that is through your positive charac-
teristics.-Philadelphia Ledger.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
BATHING Machines

Somebody has inquired why bath
ing machines" the comfortable priva-
cy of which for ocean bathing has
never attracted bathers In this coun-
try, are called machines. remarking
that there is nothing of a machine
about them except the horse which
draws them to the beach. The answer
has oeen found in the new Oxford
dictionary. 1t appears that a ma
chine was originally a structure of
any hEd, material or immateriaI," and
mas nothing to do with machinery. q
later word Ships were called ma
chimes, and 1t would have been proper
TO speak Of a pulpit as a machine
ArgOnaut.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
LEST WE FORGET.
a Critic Reminds Us of How the Ma
jority of People Have Fought
Progress.

We Of this big republic cOmplacent-
ly affirm the glory of cur national
achievements and are not without
temptation to acclaim them as proof
OF superior craft and judgment
But herein do we forget that we are
on record as having cast our vote
against every move that has contrib
uted to the present century's develop
ment.
We raised our voices in contemptu-
Gus protest against the first projected
railways. Had the locomotive waited
its signal from the people it would not
yet have started.
When the electric telegraph was
shown to US we brushed 1t aside as a
toy and laughed its inventor to scOrn
when he offered 10 sell us his rights
for a few thousand dollars
We put into jail as an impOstOr the
first man who brought anthracite coal
to market. We broke to pieces HOwe's
sewing machine as an invention calcu-
Iated TO ruin the working classes. and
we did the same thing to the harvester
and the binder. We scOrned the type
writer as a plaything.
We gathered together in mass meet
ings Of indignation at the first pro-
pOsal TO install electric trolley lines.
and when DR. Bell told US he had in
vented an instrument by means Of
which we might talk to one another
across the town we responded with
accustomed ridicule. and only the reck-
less among US contributed it it's be
ing-Atlantic Monthly.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
A CURIOUS BIRD.
The Crested Hosctzin When Hatcksed
Has Four Legs.

The Crested Hosctzin When Hatohed
Has Four Legs.
The crested hOactzin of British Gui-
ana is the only survivor of a certain
race OF birds most of which are now
known only as fossils The hoactzin
inhabits the most secluded forests OF
South America. and its survival be-
yOnd its cOngenerS is doubtless owing
to its retiring habits and to the fact
that it feeds on wild arum leaves,
which give its flesh a most offensive
flavor, rendering it unfit for food
The chief popularity Of the hoactzin
consists I'm the fact that when 1t is
hatched it possesses four well develop
ed legs. The young birds leave the nest
and climb about like monkeys over the
adjoining limbs and look more like tree
tOads than birds.
The modification of the fore limbs
begins at once after Matching, when
the claws of the digits fall off and the
whole clawlike hand begins to flatten
and become wing shaped. Feathers
soon appear, and before full growth is
reached not a vestige remains Of the
original character.
The adult birds not only have no
claws upon their wings. but their
thumbs even are so poorly developed
that one would hardly suspect that in
the nestlings we have the nearest ap-
proach to a quadruped found among
existing birds.-LOndOn Tit-Bits
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
MOSCOW CATHEDRAL.
Fantastic Looking Edfies Erected by
Ivan the Terrible.

Fantastic Looking Edifiee Erected by
Ivan the Terrible.
One of the most extraordinary and
fantastic Christian places of worship
in the world is the Cathedral of Mos
COW, known as Vasili Blajenni, strange
not only in outline and conception, but
even stranger in its history. No one
knows the architects name. but the
story goes that the czar OrGered his
eyes to be put out directly the church
was completed so that he should new
er be able to surpass his work. The
idea of the building was inspired by
the wickedest and maddest monarch
who ever sat on a thrOne-Ivan the
Terrible, czar Of MuscOvy.
The architecture is in every respect
eXtravagant and barbaric, and the col
Oring is garish in the extreme. 1t has
nine chapels. rooted by nine cupolas.
each different and each stranger than
the other. One resembles a pineapple,
another a melon, a third is said to ape
a hedgehog in its appearance, and the
rest are more or less grotesque Some
are gilt; others are painted in brilliant
hues. Indeed, the only description Is
that it Is nightmare of a church, the
fitting legacy of a ruler who grilled
his counselOrs in frying pans and
clothed his subjects in bearskins in
order that trained dogs might worry
and tear them to pieces.-Strand Maga-
zine
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
POSTERS DYE WORKS.
FIRST PUST RJUSE

ESASSStsssd by Cyrus, the Fsunase ~
the Persian Empire.
TSs 6rst posts ara said to have orig.
hatsd In the regular coursers estsb-
nzhsd by Cyrus the Great about $50
= c. who erected post houses through
s1t ths kingdom OF Persia. Augustus
va ths nrst to introduce this instttu-
tSon among the Romans, 81 B. C. and
- wSs initiated by Chsrfsmagne about
800 4 d. Louis XII was the arst
sovereign 20 establish post houses IN
Ersncs. owing to his eagsFnSss fog
Rswus and they were also the first In
st1tutton OF this nature in Europa
LhS was IN 1910. or about 1000 years
28ssR they were started In Persia
In England in the reign OF Edward
~. QzS) riders on post horses went
stages OF the distance Of twenty miles
from each other in order to procure
ths ktng the earliest intelligence Of the
events that passed In the course OF the
war that had arisen with the Scots. A
proclamation was issued by Charles /.
b 1881 that, whereas TO this time
there hath been no certain intercourse
between the kingdoms Of England and
Scotland, the king now commands his
postmaster OF England for forstgn
parts to settle running post OF two
between Edinburgh and London 10 90
thither and come back again in Ex
6ExAI''
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
EIGHT CENTS 4 DAY.
Workers Pay In England When Board
Was a Shilling a Week.

Workers Pay In England When Board
Was Shilling a Week.
There was a time when a workman
in England received s cents dav as
an ordinary wage. when skilled ar
tisans commanded - cents a day and
when women worked in the field at
such tasks rs reaping straw. hoeing,
planting beans and washing sheep
for cents a day. and wise student
of the subject has expressed the opin-
ion thar the British workman of that
day was better off than he has ever
been since then.
That sounds paradOxicaI. But the
explanation is this: The workman
who sold his services for 8 cents a
day could buy good beef or mutton for
~ cents Il pound. Wheat cost him on
the average only 1S cents a bushel.
He could get board for u to 16 cents
a week. The pay he would receive for
fifteen weeks services would suffice
10 purchase a supply of suitable food
stutfS- according to the standard Of his
time consisting of wheat, malt and
oatmeaD. TO maintain his family for
an entire year.
Under these circumstances 8 cents a
day-increaSed to - cents in harvest
tIme-was fair wage. and times
were good" for the average workman.
-McClure'S Magazine
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
THE ELECTROSCOPE.
An instrument by Which the Presence
Of Electricity Is Detected Was
Perfected In 1897.

The electroscope Is an instrument for
the detection of electricity. 1t depends
for It's action on the principle that
bodies charged with like electricity re-
pei "hhe those charged with unlike
electricity attract each other. The ordi-
nary pith ball suspended on a silk
thread is the simplest form of the in
strument
1he most common type of electro
scope Is that devised by Bennett in
1TST and known as the gold leaf cleo
troscope. 1t consists of two strips of
gold leaf or thin aluminium foil sus-
pended from the lower extremity of a
conductor within glass bottle or jar.
The upper end of the conductor ter
inmates IN ball or plate in case the
instrument is to be used as a condens-
ing eiectrOScOpe. If body charged
with positive electricity is brought near
the KNOB OF the electrOscope the mega
i've electricity will be attracted to the
KNOB and the positive repelled TO the
leaves, which diverge. If now the fin
ger Is touched to the knob the positive
electricity is drawn off and the leaves
collapse, while the negative electricity
Is held bound. Removing the charged
body, the leaves viii diverge again,
charged with negative electricity. In
this case the instrument can be used
to determine the nature OF charge Of
body brought near 1t, as with posi-
tive charge the leaves will collapse and
with a negative charge spread farther
apart-Exchange
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Some Consolation

He was 2 frugal Scot and when the
collection plate came round dropped
In a form in mistake for the humble
copper. Speedily discovering his mis-
take, however. he stepped softly down
the aisle and requested the Oof gath
erer to give him back the coin, which
request was politely but firmly re-
fused. A shade of disappointment fit
ted over the northerner's face as he
walked slowly back to his pew.
"Aweel," he said, 'its a loss, but
there's some sma' consolation In re.
f1ecttn' it's a bad one. 1t might have
got me into trouble anywhere else."-
London Telegraph.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Unless the water boiling be

IDeFe is Dut one way or making tea,
for
Unless the water boiling be
To pour on water spoils the tea.
The teapot itself should be heated
very hot before the tea is placed in 1t
and the boiling water poured on. It
should be scalding hot water OF the
leaves will float to the top
No less authority than Tung Pc, the
Chinese poet, is quoted for a recipe for
teamaking. He says: Whenever tea
is to be infused take water from
running stream and boil it over a live
ly fire. 1t is an old custom to use run
ming water, boiled over a lively fire.
That from springs in the hills is said
to be best and river water the next,
while we'll water is the worst. A
lively fire is a clear, bright charcoal
fire. When making an infusion do not
boil the water too hastily. At first it
begins to sparkle like crabs eyes. then
somewhat like fish's eyes, and lastly
it bOiIs up like pearls innumerabBe
sprtnging and waving about This is
the way to boil water"
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
A STUDY IN FIGURES.
Calculations Necessary to Produce the
Nautical Almanac.

Calculations Necessary to Produce the
Nautical Almanac.
1t may safely be said that no one
outside the publishing office has read
the entire Nautical Almanac from be
ginning to end, but each figure of the
printed almanac is in the office ex-
amined twice and read three times.
The total number Of figures exceeds
a million; but. great as that number is,
it is trifling compared with the num-
Der of figures employed in the calcula-
uOnS, as the almanac figures repre-
sent bare" results only. The moon,
for instance, requires for its calcu-
latiOn more than a million and a half
of figures, and similarly with other
branches of the work, such as the
general opinion, practically every fig
ure in the book is fresh from year to
year.
The tables from which nearly all the
work is calculated have been original
~ constructed from the labOrs of the
astronomical observer and to a large
extent from the observations Of the
sun, moon and planets made at the
Royal observatory, Greenwich. Tele-
scopes and other astronomical appE-
ances are conspicuoUsly absent, as the
work Of the staff is purely mathemati-
cal and not observational- London
Telegraph.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Henry OF Raxarre and the Bod.

Henry ". of France was a firm be
liver in the adage. Spare the rod and
spoil the child" In a letter to the
governess of his son he wrote in Oc-
tOber, 1907: Madame have to COM
plain that you have not informed me
of having fiogged my son. l desire
and request that you will fog him
whenever he is disObedient or other
wise troublesome, knowing as / do
that nothing will do him more good
l speak from experience, as at bis age
/ was frequently birched. Paris Gau-
lois
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Gothic Architecture

Gothic architecture began about the
ninth century after Christ and soon
began to spread all over Europe. Its
great feature is the pointed arch, and
it was at first called the pointed
style" Most of the glorious Old world
cathedrals are in the Gothic, and it
is generally conceded that for religious
purposes no other style Of architecture
is so perfectly suited. 1t 'as been said
that the first idea Of the Gothic was
suggested by the interIacing bOughs
and trunks Of the great woods in which
German Christianity was formed;
hence the name GOthic-New York
American.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
HUMAN DISSECTION.
Surgery and the Anatomists In the
OIden Days.

Surgery and the Anatomists In the
OIden Days.
For a long time Alexandria was the
only medical center Of the world, and
the physician Galen. born about 130
a. D, had TO journey from Rome to
the African city even to see a skele-
ton. He sent his students to the Ger
man battlefelds to dissect the bodies
of the national enemies, while he him
self used apes as most resembling hu-
man beings. Human dissection was
revived in Bologna in the fourteenth
century, where Madonna Manzolina
later was professor of anatomy. un-
dOubtedly one of the first women doc
tors. if not the very first. Leonardo
da Vinci, painter Of THE Last Sup
per- was a great anatOmist, but dis
section had fallen into disuse when
Vesalius finally revived it about the
middle of the sixteenth century.
Even in comparatively modern times
anatOmists have been the object OF at
tacks by the populace. In 1765 DR..
John Shipper of Philadelphia was
mObbed as a grave rObber Doctors
riots in New York occurred twenty
three years later and were due to the
belief that the medical students rob
bed graves continually. 1t was the
lack of opportunity to obtain subjects
regularly that led to the practice Of
grave rObbing and originated what
DR.. Keene calls "a set of the lowest
possible villains-the resurrectiOnists"
New York World
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
a KINGS Hobby.

The late king of Siam had an extraor-
dinary hObby-that Of collecting empty
matchboxes of ali nations. In this
connection an interesting story is re-
lated. During Cne Of his visits to Eng
land the king while passing down Bond
street one afternoon, accompanied by
two members of his suit, espied an
empty matchbox which had been dis
carded by it's owner and thrown away
into the middle of the thOroughfare.
Without a moments thought the mon
arch dashed into the middle of the
crowded traffic, grasped the much COW
eted treasure and was nearly run over
by a passing cab. The fact however,
that he was able to add a new speci-
men to his collection gathered under
such circumstances more than COM
pensated him for the risk which he had
Tun.-LOndOn News.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
ouch Not the Queen

Under this tite a Paris journal pro
fesses to give an account Of the tragic
death o. the queen Of Siam. who was
as greatly loved as her cOns0rt. Some
years ago her majesty was boating
with ladies Of the court in a lake in the
gardens OF the palace at Bangkok The
boat overturned, and the queen could
not swim. She was surrounded by nu-
merous perSO1ages who could have
saved her life, but no one has the right
to extend the hand upon the queen.
The king alone could have held her up
and prevented her from sinking. and
he was nowhere at hand. Respectful
ly the court allowed the queen to
drown.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Dickens and His Wifs

Commenting on the unhappy rela-
lions between Dickens and his wife,
Goldwin Smith wrote in one Of his last
papers: ut was a common case. Dick
ems had married at low level, and his
wife had not risen with him; otherwise
there was no fault on her side The
matrimonial history Of writers Of
works of imagination has often been
unhappy. Their imagination turns the
woman into an angel, and then they
find that she Is a woman"
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
ChippendaIe's Own.

''Is it genuine ChippendaleT'
Absolutely, sir"
But this looks like a crack right
across
Done by Chippendale himself, sir, in
fit of rage when he heard the union
had called the men out" - London
Punch
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Just Mzde IL

Farmer Giles twhO has just cashed
a check)-I don't think this moneys
right. The Cashier-Would you mind
counting it again, sir? I think you'll
find it correct. Farmer Giles (having
done so)-Yes. but you be careful
young man; it's only just right.-LOn-
don Sketch.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Two ls Company.

'sHaVe you ever loved beforeP' asked
the coy maid
"Yes," yawned the worldly young
man, "but-neyer before a chaperon,
two small brothers and a pet bulldog"
And then she suggested a trip down
the old road TO see the stars.-ChicagO
News.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
A Lsaend of Mount Omi,

Mount Omi. on the border between
western China and Tibet, has the long
est staircase in the world On top Of
the mountain there stands a Buddhist
temple, around which gather some of
the holiest traditions of that religion
and which is made a Mecca to the
Chinese. To facilitate the ascent of
its slippery sides some 10000 steps
have been cut in the mountain, form
ing a single flight, up which the pill
grim tolls. Because of its inaccessi-
bility few Europeans have ever visited
the spot but a number of travellers
have aScended the stairway and are
positive that it is no legendary myth
There is legend that in earlier times
the pilgrim was forced to ascend the
mountain without artificial aids until
the monks conceived the plan of re-
quiring every pilgrim who would gain
especiaI benefit Of his journey to cut a
single step.
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
The College of Arts and Sciences.
The Teachers College.

Special opportunities for teachers.
Regular college courses in psychol-
ogy, pedagogy, education, etc, with
degree of A. B.; pedagogical courses
leading to Ph. B. degree High-grade
courses in normal training, music,
manual arts and domestic sciences
Graduates helped to positions. Lewis
B. Moore, A. M, Ph. D., dean
The Washington bee., 1911-09-16
Still More Painful.

The Young POlitician-I can assure
you there is nothing more painful than
having to make-er-er-one's first
speech in public Young Politicians
Wife-Oh, yes, there is, dear! Young
Politician (displeased)-Th what is
1t, pray? Young Politicians Wife
sweetly)-Having to listen to 1t, my
6aar