davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
WHY TRADE UNIONISTS IN.
SYST ON UNION SHOPS.

Onder tne caption why Men F1gh1
for the Closed Shop" in the American
Magazine for September, Clarence Oar
row has the following to say relative
to why unions were formed, what they
have accomplished and why capitalism
is eager to destroy them:
"The open shop furnishes, and always
has furnished, the best possible means
of destroying the organization of the
men. The closed shops are the only
sure protection for the trade agree
ments and for the defense of the indi
vidual. When the master is left to hire
or discharge either union or non-union
men as he sees fit, he naturally dis
charges the man that he thinks most
hostile to his business and employs the
one that will be subservient to his will
This does not come from the inherent
or natural hardness of the master, but
from the hard facts of life. The master
naturally discharges those who are most
aCtiNC III thC uhious, WIZ iutcilcic ohe
most with his business, who are evel
agitating for higher wages, who are in
sisting on better conditions and shorter
hours. He does this for his own protec
ton, and he naturally employs those
who are most complaisant, those who
have given the most hostages to fortune
and who cannot afford to lose theiI
jobs; those whom he can bring to be
dependent upon his will. The bushes:
officer, the agitator, the walking dele
gate is the last to be chosen. And wher
times are hard and some one must go
such men must walk the plank; while
the complaisant man, the ready tool, th'
union man is kept. In every EN-
ployment there are always reasons fol
dismissal. In the management of com
pick affairs accidents and mistakes oc
eur. Under the open shop it is easy t.
find reasons for discharging the unioI
man, to fix the blame for mistakes upor
him, and its is likewise easy to find rea
sons for replacing him with non unior
man."
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01

Galesburg, Ill.-Garment workers have
formed strong union.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
SHOAF MYSTERY
DEEPENS

Los Angeles, Cal, Aug 29.-The mys.
terry of the disappearance of George H.
Shoaf, the correspondent for the Appeal
to Reason, of Girard, Kansas, has deep
ened as the days go by. On the night
of August ID Shoaf disappeared from
the home of his cousin, Mrs. Lucy Bor-
man, at 1905 West Ninth street. He
left the house at 10 o'clock intending to
return to his room. At midnight after
everybody in the apartment house had
retired Mrs. Bormann and others in the
building heard the sound of terrific
fall in the hallway. Nothing was dis
covered to indicate a struggle at the
time but in the morning Shoals battered
derby hat and a bludgeon were found in
the lower hallway at the foot of the
stairs.
The police were notified and by
+ STRANGE AND UNUSUAL COINCI-
DENCE JAMES HOSICK, the man who
is held on felony charge of kidnapping
Shoals friend and fellow worker, WAS
PUT ON THE CASE. With Hosick was
Detective Zeigler. The men spent half
an hour in the vicinity then threw the
hat and the weapon into the property
clerks room and abandoned the case.
The next day Zeigler left for vacation
trip and then Hosick disappeared on his
recent secret trip to indianapolis to an
swer to the indictment for kidnapping
John j. Mcnamara.
Shoaf had been working on theory
that H. G.. Otis had hired man to bring
a small explosion in the Times building
to create public sympathy for the paper
which had lost its vestige of influence
and was losing its grip on the labor
haters of the community. Shoaf de-
clared the small explosion started the
big gas explosion which wrecked the old
fire trap and cost the lives of twenty
one workers. He declared he was work
ing the plot out and had the full evil
dence in his possession. He told friend
he was going to take the papers In the
case to his cousin for safekeeping.
Shoals friends and relatives believe the
Socialist writer had been watched and
that he was killed in order that the pa
pers might be destroyed and that his lips
would be forever closed.
Captain George G. Shoaf, chief of de-
tectives of the police department of San
Antonio, Texas, has taken charge of the
case. He says he is convinced his son |
was killed by notorious detective who |
has long been tool of the labor haters
of this country. The man under suspic-
ion has a bad record. He can be found |
any day Captain Shoaf wants him,
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
KILLED AND CRIPPLED BY
RAILROADS.

Washington, Aug. 29--Against de
termined and powerful opposition or
ganized labor has struggled for years tc
compel railroads to adopt safety appli
ances. Equally energetic has been its
efforts to secure working conditions fol-
the operatives that would contribute not
only to their personal comfort, but to
the safety of the public.
Organized labor still continues to bat
tie as theoretically as of yore and the
necessity for continued action is strik-
ingly set forth in Accident Bulletin No.
80, issued by the interstate commerce
commission, tabulating the number of
railroad accidents in the United States
during January, February and March of
each year. The following is from the
Bulletin: "The number of persons killed
in train accidents during the months of
January, February and March, 1911, as
shown in reports made by the railroad
companies to the interstate commerce
commission under the accident law OF
May 6, 1910, was l46, and of injured
1928. Accidents of other kinds, includ-
ing those sustained by employees while
at work, by passengers in getting on or
off cars, by travellers at highway cross
ings, by persons doing business at sta
tions, ETC., by trespassers and Others,
bring up the total number of casual
ties, excluding industrial accidents to
1854 (2,l24 killed and l6,430 injured)
Accidents to employees resulting in
slight injuries, which did not prevent
the employee injured from performing
his accustomed service for more than
three days in the aggregate during the
ten days Immediately following the ac-
cident, are not reported"
The figures above refer only to acct
dents on steam roads. In addition 6l
were killed and COG injured on electric
railways during the months of January
February and March.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01

ers, offend the masters who hold the key
to the prisons. The only solution is the
workingman's ballot. 1t is the strong
right arm of the working class. Capt.
talism controls the courts, the jails---
makes the laws and enforces them
makes the conditions under which you
toll and takes from you what you Gre
ate. Labor is in the overwhelming ma
jority. Standing together labor can
make the laws, abolish the jails and
bring in an era of economic freedom,
the right of man to what he creates. To
you, our comrades who have left to you
measure of liberty, we say, vote as
you strike; vote together for yourselves,
for your wives, for your children and
for the children of all the ages to come.
Show the world your final supremacy
over al things.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
PARADE PAST
JAIL IS REVOKED
lBy National Socialist Press.

by National Socialist Press.)
Los Angeles, Aug. 29.-Declaring tina
he feared that the sleuths, thugs ant
roughs that hang around the office o
District Attorney Fredericks would star
some rioting if the big labor parad,
passed the county jail, Mayor Alexander
revoked the permit which had been is
sued by Chief of Police Sebastian which
allowed the workers to march up Temple
street past the county Jail where Johr
J. and j. b. Mcnamara and a dozen
other labor and political prisoners are
confined.
A new permit which was issued which
allows the paraders to turn at Temple
block and march southwark on Spring
street This will allow labor's hosts to
approach within 200 feet of their com
rades who are confined in Jail. The
prisoners will not be allowed to look
upon the marchers, but they will hear
their voices.
The plan as arranged by the workers
was for the marchers to go quietly up
Temple street hill and pass the prison
with uncovered heads. The Mcnamara
boys are in cells overlooking Temple
street but they cannot see Temple block
and no portion of the street where the
marchers will pass is visible from the
no x1ysn 1f hi IL
as rearranged is for the workers to re-
main silent during the march down Main
street until the Temple block is reached.
At that point the cheering will be begun
and for hours as the fifty thousand
workers march in solid phalanx there
will be one prolonged cheer sent up that
will penetrate the innermost dungeon of
the bastile.
In revoking the permit for the march
Mayor Alexander admitted that all labor
and Socialist parades that had been con-
Quoted in Los Angeles in the past had
been peaceful and that no rioting had
ever occurred. But he declared that the
demonstration which might possibly be
made would result in creating a public
sentiment in favor of the accused union
men who were confined in the county
prison. He plainly said that some of
the thugs and roughs who hang around
the district attorneys office would be
glad to do anything to start trouble and
embarrass the administration as well as
the workers"
This is looked on as remarkable
statement from Mayor Alexander, who
has just forced the city council to turn
over to Burns $2O,4OO of the peoples
money to support the very thugs and
operatives which the mayor says he
fears. The mayors exact words were:
Il cannot permit You to do anything
that is calculated to create sentiment in |
favor of the men under arrest" 1t was
to the mayor that public Off
,ials and Burns operatives who were
living on the city's money were doing
in their power to create
sentiment against the men. The parade
$ expected to be the biggest demonstra-
ion ever made by labor ON the Pacific
.oast.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
GREETINGS FROM
THE M'NAMARAS

Los Angeles, Cal, Aug. 29.-The fol-
lowing greeting is from j. J. and j. B.
Mcnamara and a dozen other labor lead
ers in the county jail political offend
ers against capitalism: eve are in
prison, behind steel bars. You are out
in the open sunshine. We are here be-
cause we are what you are-working
men and none knows the day when you
may be forced to join-when you may
by virtue of the fact that you are toll
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1911-09-01
CARPENTERS STRIKE
HAS BEEN SETTLED

Washington, Aug. 2s.-With an in
creased wage scale of 5 cents an hour,
established after a strike of fifteen
weeks, the contest at Minneapolis has
been officially declared off by Local No.
Z of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11
Souvenir Stamps.

The postmaster general has made Q
ruling requiring that all souvenir
stamps, such as those sold by the Red
Cross Society, must not be placed on the
address side of mail matter. The rul.
ing says mo adhesive stamp or imi.
tation of stamp of any form or design
shall be affixed to the address side of
domestic mail, but such adhesive
stamps, provided they do not in form
and design resemble lawful postage
stamps, and do not bear numerals, may
be affixed to the reverse side of domes.
tic mail matter. All domestic mail
bearing on the ad dress side adhesive
stamps or limitations of stamps other
than the lawful stamp will be returned
to the sender II known, otherwise they
will be forwarded to the Lewiston Of
dead letters"
Reference is made to domestic mail,
because special stamps are forbidden on
some foreign mail under any conditions.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11
Alfalfa In Muskegon County.

o. +. Marvin, at Holton, Muskegon
county, is having excellent results in
the growing of alfalfa. He has Al acres
devoted to this valuable forage crop
The first cutting for this year was on
June ID, and 8 tons and ITO pounds of
hay were harvested. On July II, a
second cutting was made which result
cd in tons and 800 pounds. The total
yield for the two cuttings was, there
fore, Il tons 1870 pounds. This is re-
turn of 3 tons and 1859 pounds to the
acre for the two cuttings. There was
only the usual amount of rainfall be.
tween the two cuttings.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11

IN the matter OF the estate OF Rosannah
Allen. deceased.
We the undersigned. having been appointed
by the Hon. Matthew Bush, Judge OF Probate
In and for the County of Sniawassee. State of
Michigan Commissioner to receive, examine
and adjust all claims and demands OF all per.
sons against said estate, do hereby give notice
that we will meet at the residence OF Philo +.
VsnD,usen In the township OF Fairfield In said
County, on Monday, the 2sth day of August A.
ID. 1911, and on Monday, the S0th day OF Octo-
Der A. ID. 1911 at ten O'Clock In the forenoon OF
each OF said days for the purpose OF receiving
and adjusting al claims against said estate.
and that four mon tbs from the 2Sth day of June
A. ID. 1911, are allowed TO creditors TO present
their claims to said Commissioners for adjust
me mt and allowance.
Dated the Goth day or June A. ID. 1911.
PHILO +. VANDEUSEN,
GUY L. WALTER,
Commissioners.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11
Tho Service Of tho Birds.

From the Louisville Courier Journal.
From among the creatures that rem
der service to mankind the birds occupy
a foremost place. 1t is their function
to suppress the insects that play havoc
with the farmers hard-e earn ed crops.
Fifty-three per cent of the food of
birds in one locality was found to con-
sist of the larvae of the disease dissem-
mating mosquitoes Horsefies are the
burden not only of horses, but of other
valuable stock, and the larvae of this
fly are the natural food of several spec
les of birds. The fever tick. so injuri-
Gus to cattle, is the natural food of the
killdeer and plover. Corn, cotton and
other crops are destroyed TO large ex-
tent by grasshoppers, and there are at
least % species of birds that feed upon
grasshoppers. Grass lands aud grain
crops in general suffer greatly from
various insect pests, which are destroy
ed in vast multitudes by birds. The
greatly dreaded boil weevil is food fol
the plover, the killdeer and others Of
the feathered tribe.
1t is common experience to see birds
following the plow and consuming
grubs that are destructive to garden
and other valuable plants. These
friends of the planter should in every
state be protected by rigid legislation
Their wsnton destruction is q publ,
shame
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11

Under law passed at the last session
of the legislature the word asylum"
has been dropped from state institu-
tions heretofore known by that name.
The institution at Pontiac formerly
known as the Eastern Michigan Asylum
will hereafter be termed the Michigan
State Hospital All former asylums
will be known as hospitals under the
new law.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1911-08-11

Woman loves clear, rosy complex.
ion. Burdock Blood Biters purifies the
blood, clears the skin, restores rudy,
sound health.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1911-07-01

ration per day to sustain each 100
pounds Of an animals live weight;
the dairy products and &C., "a live
weight are made from what reed can
be assimilated in excess Of the sus-
tanning ration. Then If the 900-pound
cow will produce as much dairy prod
uct in 10 years as will the 1,400-pound
COW, can we afford to carry this extra
500 pounds of live weight for term
of 10 years at a cost of $500 pounds
of feed, just for the extra 500 pounds
of poor beef we would have at the end
of that time? Just the item Of extra
cost of barn room for the larger anil
NAL for the 10 years would Overhaul
ance the value of the extra amount Of
beef. However, II there is such a
thing as practical dual-purpose cow
it Is to be found In some of the fam
lilies of large Jerseys.
The popular demand for large cows
made it necessary for me to carry a
family of large Jerseys during the
last 20 years. This family Of cows
weighed from 1900 to 1900 pounds
each, but in our families of smaller
cows we had far greater proportion
that would make 2 pounds of butter
per day, and they would do 1t on less
feed.
Last but not least in this brief sum-
ming up Of the most salient excellen-
cies of the Jersey, place her beauty.
No other member of the whole bovine
family can for moment compare
with her She Is the prettiest COW
there is. Her prominent eye and ex-
pressive countenance, together with
her alert, dress-parade attitude, win
for her the admiration of all lovers of
the beautiful. Her capabilities in
point Of locks are so great that it real.
ly has to be admitted that in some
families beauty has been cultivated at
the expense of other and more i'm.
portant characteristics.
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1911-07-01
Says Greeks Taught Lies

tell the truth about their work, their
own ages or their parentage. On that
account it Is hard to make clear
case against them, such as the federal
law requires before we can deport
them. Despite this, fifteen to twenty
Greek boys are annually deported
from my district, Missouri. Iowa. Kan.
sas and Oklahoma.
my experience after handling many
of these cases teaches me that many
of these boys are sent over under cir.
cumstances which would warrant their
deportation, could we get at the facts
Some are sent In violation Of the con-
tract labor laws. others come in under
false affidavits as to their age, parent
I age or relationship to some one who
is standing sponsor for them. The
boys, believe, are taught to evade all
questions that might seek to uncover
the true state of affairs in regard to
their work
THE result is seen in the after life
of the boys, most of whom become
hangers on around pool halls, or drop
even lower in the social scale. A few,
II is true, become hucksters, or wait.
ers. and earn an honest living, but
they are the exceptions"
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1911-07-01
Paris Misses New Style Of Dress
From Streets.
Does Not Go In Occldent and Was
Merely Intended az House Gown
--latest Fashion Freak Is
"Hoop Sleeve"

Paris.-What has become of the
famous harem skirt? Is II living or Is
1t dead? This question seems to be
unnfng through the minds Of women
throughout the world. The innovation
was hooted whenever 1t appeared pub.
icly in the European capitals, and
Paris, which ordinarily becomes &C
customed quickly to the most fantas
tic apparel refused to accept 1t.
The failure of the garment to ap
pear at the fashionable race courses
on Sunday aroused wide comment. A
few women, seeking to attract atten
ton, occasionally dare to wear it at q
roller rink or In box at the theater
but the mass OF femininity avoid It
with the possible exception Of few oil
the milder models. which 1t is impos
sible to distinguish from the conven
tional skirt. The harem skirt is not
seen on the streets.
With view to solving the mystery
as to what has become of the garment
newspaper correspondent visited
several leading costumers and even
firms which tried to launch the skirt
on the market All admitted that
things had not gone WELL
"The harem skirt" said M. Drecoll
was intended merely as a house
gown. 1t was killed by enemies who
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1911-07-01

After a lifetime spent in learning
the business of keeping cows do not
hesitate to say to the young man
reared on a farm: Farm; and If
you farm, keep stock; and II you keep
stock, keep COWS; and II you keep
cows, keep Jersey cows" writes H. S.
Chapman in the Breeders Gazette.
OF course, l add to this, IF you keep
Jersey cows, keep registered Jersey
cows. My reasons for maintaining
that the Jersey COW is superior to all
others as a butter COW are as fol-
lows:
Her ability to produce butter and
cheese economically stands undisput-
I'd. Her record in many public tests.
including the Chicago, st. Louis and
Portland expositions. has given her
the reputation, enviable and indisput-
able, of being the worlds greatest but
ter cow.
The extra size of the fat globules in
Jersey milk renders the butter of
superior grain and firmness and more
easily separated from the cream.
The Jersey COW has the function Of
assimilation developed to, a greater
degree than any other breed. She Is
high-grade specialist as feeder.
She will give profitable returns from
ration so rich (concentrated) that
other cows can not assimilate it. 1t is
this ability to stand force-feeding that
has brought the Jersey out ahead in
so many public tests. This is a merit
Of the Jersey that can profitably be
taken advantage Of in working dairy
herd. In the herd in which the rails
ing of stock is the primary considera-
ton would keep a little closer to ma
ture, even at the risk of surrendering
to some extent the meritorious quail
ties that artificial conditions have pro-
duced.
Superiority In numbers makes the
Jersey more practical animal than
her rivals. The animal that naturally
Is matched against the Jersey is the
Guernsey. The Guernsey has her
good points and doubtless merits the
friends she has won. II you like
Guernseys better than Jerseys, that
may be reason why you may succeed
better with them. / am frank to adj
NIT that my personal preference for
Jerseys doubtless has been factor in
my success with Jerseys. But setting
aside personal likes and dislikes, 1t is
far easier for the beginner to start
with Jerseys, because SO many more
bulls Of that breed are kept than of
Guernseys. Consequently, there is far
less excuse for inbreeding, and the
breeder easily can find the bloodlines
that he needs in his herd without the
expense Of frequently buying a bull
Another point In favor of the Jersey
COW is her medium-small size. Ex-
periments have proved that It re-
Quires about pounds Of balanced
Elmore County Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1910-1915, 1911-07-01
In Defense of Eyeglasses

tion He contended that in seven
months he had received from an ocu-
list twenty-three different pairs of
glasses, all of which were given to
him in an effort to make him see COM
fortably. All Of these glasses were
incorrectly ground, he said. and caused
him much pain.
Afterward it was found, said the
professor, that the trial case contain
ing sets of lenses which the oculist
used in making the successive exam
nations. was unreliable.
The professor further charged that
on investigation, made with the as
sistance of oculists, II was found that
this incorrect trial case was fair
sample of those used all over the coun.
try. The professor charged that the
examinations were usually farce be-
cause most of the oculists and opti'
clans were not competent.
Opticians and the officers of the op.
teal societies are denying all the
charges In statements sent to the
trade of the entire country. These
denials maintain that American manu-.
facturers make the worlds most per.
feet lenses and that American trial
cases Of lenses are now being sold to
the best class of European trade. The
physical laboratory at Kew. England
which is the worlds recognized au.
thority. recently examined American
trial cases and gave them most com
plimentary Endorsement
Counter charges are made that the
oculists who have joined in the crit.
cism are unfairly trying to set them
selves up as superior to their fellows
The critics are said to be small min
ority Of the oculists who hold extreme
views that eyeglasses can cause or
cure nearly all kinds of human ills,
from headaches to epilepsy and even
drunkenness.