Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1911-05-26

y
cedars and the pome fruits has been
proven in both of these cases by care
full instrumentation and in fact, this
he's been carried out by number OF
different workers on nearly all of the
species of this species of this family
of rusts. These facts have been OBJ
tanned experimentallX under con-
ditions that are not open to question.
On the apple the cedar rust appears
to make its first infection of the leaves
shortly after the blossoms fall, though
at the time of the first spray last year
infections we're very few. BY the date
of the second standard treatment,
about Month later, or, say, the 5th
or 10th OF June, infections had been
very numerous, In many cases SO
much so as to be disastrous. The
yellow spot appears within week
after infection, but takes until mid
summer to produce its fruit. The
little c Fps of spores are produced on
the under sides of the leaves, or on
the spots of the apples themselves
early n a lgust, and go from these to
the cedar trees, producing the gals,
which completes the cycle. Spraying,
to be effective, has to be done prompt
| ly, and at short intervals during the
month following blossming. Leaves
| are pnshed oct on the young shoots
daily during this period and infection
| apparently takes place only on the
young forming leaves AS result,
it is d fiicult to keep the foliage pro-
| tected, since it is constantly receiving
| additions in the shape of new leaves
| 1t is fought, however, that with one,
or possibly two, additional sprayings
with lime-sulphur solution. with or
without arsenate of lead, as may be
desired, placed between the fl st and
cond treatment. that this disease
will be controlled. Last year we were
only partly successful ,on account
or infections that crept in between the
irst spraying, which was made short
ly after the petals fell, and the second
spraying, which was made a month
| later.
| ERADICATE THE CEDARS.
| But why take all this trouble and
expense to fight this fungus disease
when we can break the entire chain OF
its existance by cutting down its al
ternate host plant, the cedar?
| There was abundant evidence in the
valley district last year that the dan
ger increased very rapidly with the
proximity of the red cedars. The
worst cases were those in which tbs
cedars were in actual contact or grew
alongside the apple trees 10 other
words, the number aud proximity Of
the cedars deter mined the severity OF
the attack have no doubt that the
| danger diminishes with the square Of
the distance from the cedar tree. TIL,
fed evidence is along this gener a
line, though it would be hard to prov,
definately. At a distance of thirty O
forty rods experience has shown thai
tie disease is greatly reduced; in fact
where cedars grow along the fence
the sixth to the tenth row showed a
marked decrease in the amount of DIS
lease, except where the cedars were il
overwhelming abundance. OF course
all the cedars do not necessarily kav
the disease, and an apple tree doe
not catch the disease from health,
lcedar tree; it is only from one carry
ing the cedar rust fungus. One shouls
feel reasonably safe against severe al
tacks il the cedars are cat down with
| 4 half mile, or better, mile, fror
the orchard. Cedar trees within hal
a mile should be regarded as a seriou
menace 10 the orchard. Some sllgh
infection will, of course, occur gen.
orally ally over the valley from tn
spores borne by the Wind current
from great distance, but this has bee
C )mmon for several years, and woul
not materially affect the crop. TIL
best time to cut the cedars is in win
ter, when decidous trees are bare 0
leaves, and the cedar trees, therefore
more conspicuous. If this is don
when the snow is on the ground, es
lpecially light snow, which would
moi cover the small trees, the cedar
can be most easily found l some
times find little trees cut Off by tn
moving machine less than six inche
high, but several years old. carryin.
the gals in the orchards.
1t seems rather too bad to scrific
the cellars with their desirable fine
grained, aromatic wood, but for m,
part should be willing for the cedar.
to grow up in the mountins, and no
in contact with commercial apple or.
chards.