The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1911-06-08
HOG CHOLERA===N 5.
BY Or. M. II. Reynolds, Mime
sofa University Farm.

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Farmers owning hogs ought to be
informed concerning the use of vac
cine and especially concerning the
conditions under which results are apt
to be disappointing.
This article is intended to give vol
frank and full information on this
feature of the work.
Those who have read the earlier
articles will understand the references
here to "serum-only" vaccination sad
double vaccination. In briel, the
serum-only method is safe and gives
immediate protection of short dura-
ton. The simultaneous, or double
vaccination, carries small element of
risk, but gives permanent protection.
With this explanation it will be easy
for readers to see that when hogs are
vaccinated by the serum-only method,
farmers are quite certain to be dis
appointed if they expect permanent
protection. They are sure to be dis
appointed if they risk exposure to the
disease on this basis.
In the course of a few weeks hogs
receiving serum-only lose their i'm
munity, unless they are exposed to
hog cholera during their period Of i'm
munity. In the latter case, most hogs
so protected become permanently i'm
mune. Without such early infection
they lose their immunity within very
few weeks. If exposed after this, thgy
will die from cholera
The farmer is apt to be disappoiat-
ed in his experience with serum if the
vaccination is done Contrary to direc
tions) at some point where there is
greater tendency to produce alb
scesses. Farmerss are apt to be dis
appointed when the vaccination in
lection is made TO deep; i. e., into the
muscles instead of just under the
skin. When injection is made into
muscle, there is apt to be marked
lameness, some illness, and even sew
eral days off-feedS
You may be disappointed if vaccina
ton is done with p syringe using an
exceedingly large Needle When .i1s
is done, there may arise two difficult
ties. First, there may leak out so
much serum that the hog does not re
tain proper dose; second, the large
needle wound gives much better OPP
portunity for wound Infection and the
development of assesses and even
more serious results, than the smaller
needle.
You are apt to be disappointed even
when good serum is used with proper
syringe on healthy hogs in case heavy
hogs to be vaccinated are handled or
chased around too much at any sea-
son, but especially in hot weather.
Heavy hogs may die suddenly under
such treatment either before or after
vaccination, the vaccine not having
anything to do with the loss.
Farmers are very apt to be disap-
pointed in the use of our serum in
herds after the disease has appeared
when he makes certain mistakes
If you give either form of vaccina-
ton to hogs in herds where the disease
has prevailed for some time even the
apparently we'll animals are already
more or less infected and perhaps
feverish, and the prospect is very un.
certain. Here the mistake is made of
waiting too long.
There may occur disappointment in
few cases where serum-only is used;
very early in a given sick herd if the
disease stops very promptly. Some
animals may then be left in the herd
without receiving the pen infection.
Although they did get the serum-only
treatment, this without infection is
lost in few weeks. In any case hogs
should not be chased or unnecessarily
handled, or vaccinated if they show
diarrhea or redeemed skin, or temper
allure of 105 F.
When using the serum-only vaccina-
tion in infected herds it may be adj
visable in some cases to give so per
cent larger doses than standard in
order to check the disease. The dose
ard.
There may come disappointment
when serum is unwisely handled after
delivering: e. g.. if the bottle is
opened. serum is poured out into an
old teacuD, and the residue poured
back into the bottle. When serum is
kept in warm room for some time
it may lose potency.
Summing up this, we may say that
serum can not be expected and will
not give good satisfaction unless 1t is
carefully and intelligently used &C.
cording to directions.