davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
THE GOLIAD MASSACRE.
Cold Blooded Murder Of Texans Or
dered by Gen. Santa Ana.
From the Oakland (Cal.) Tribune.

From the Oakland tCalD lrlbuhe
DR. F. c. Barker, head of the history
denartment of the University of Texas,
has discovered in the Mexican government
archives the articles of capitulation on
which Col. Fannin's detachment of Texas
troors surrendered at Golad in March,
1896. This document. if genuine, proves
that Fannin surrendered lat discretion
It has heretofore been contended by all
Texas and American historians that Cen
Urea the Mexican general to whom Fan
min surrendered, agreed in the articles OF
capitulation TO treat the Texans as prls-
oners of war Fannin certainly induced
his men to surrender by assuring them
that they were to receive honorable terms
as prisoners of war
A week after the surrender. March "a.
1S36-Palm Sunday-FanninS men were
marched out and treacherOusly shot to
death bv order of Santa Ana. A few es-
capped by throwing themselves over the
rocky bluff of the Guadalupe river. The
butchery was an inhuman act, whether
in violation of the articles of capitulation
or not To his eternal honor Gen. Urea
strove in vain to avert the massacre lie
pleadeu with Santa Ana 70 spare F'annin 5
men, but the Mexican despot was mex
orable. Gen. Cos had hoisted the black
flag at the Alamo on his order. and at
Goliad nearly 400 men were shot down
in cold blood to crafty his ferocity.
Mexican authorities have always con-
tended that Fannin surrendered at dis
erection and that the massacre of his COM
mand was not in violation Of the articles
of capitulation but the articles them
selves have never been printed in any
American history. Prof. Barker will bring
a Photographic copy of the cartel of sur
render back to Texas that the signature
to it may be compared with other sigma
lures of Fannin I'm the Texas archives.
Survivors of the Coliad massacre have
always commended that the terms of sur
render were read at the head Of each
company before the men laid down their
arms and that the articles provided that
the prisoners were to be given the usage
of honorable warfare. Unless given such
terms the men had decided to fight to
the death. Either Fannin deceived his
men or he was deceived by the Mexican
commander.
The known facts of Fannins surrender
are ais follows:
"Fannin and his command were on Co
leto creek, near GOliad. They were hard
pressed by the Mexican army under the
command of Gen. Urea, and were with
out food or water. Col. Fannin himself
was wounded. and the situation was des
dying on the battlefield or Surrendering.
The members of Fannin's command were
desperate. Company by company they
discussed the situation. Should they sur
render? Only a few days before had
kings band been massacred near Refugio.
Other parties of Texans had met SIM
liar fate. Should they trust the MeXicans?
After discussing at length the ques-
ton of surrender, they agreed to sur
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
From the Chicago Record Herald.

iioA tue tuicdso RECORD Herald
Prof. Chamberlin of the University M
Chicago has invented a new calendar IL
Is beautifully symmetrical affair witt
twelve months of rwenty-eight DAYS each.
Every quarter thefe is an extra week for
such holidays as Caster. Fourth of July.
Harvest Home axd Christmas and for At
tending to such practical business mat
tiers as closing books. declaring diyidendS
making reporu. holding corporation meet
ings and the like. Both New Year dar
and leap year are also nicely attended to
The above is a pleasant and ingenious
invention. Ii might work out very well
If 1t could only be got 10 going 1t VIII
be adopted about the time that peoul..
take up with the duodecimal system oI
notation at the Greek calends-that j. TO
say, never. Interest in il must remain
largely academic.
But the world is often ready to appre-
ciate minor benefactor where II fails
OF gratitude to a major one. Prof Cham
berlin would be sure of thanks all rounG
If he would merely give the world =
February of thirty days and let the res
go. He might take a day each from
January and March. February could stu
have an extra day leap year. Every year
then, the second month would be in full
accord with the others AS il il, Febru-
airy is a diScOncerting element i'm figurin.:
and settling liabilities. 1t upsets int 'est
tables and is a bother even in the liqulda
ton of room rent. 1t is = freak month
and awaits some kindly reformer win
will bring it into line.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
Slaves to Medicine.

FROM the New Bedford Standard.
While sickness and disease are no
laughing matter. there is a possibility
that there is too much thinking about
ones self with relation to ones feelings
and ones physical condition. There can
never be any discOunting of orderly, care
full, proper living, with due regard for
the observation of all the laws of health
all the laws of health-which is more than
happens in most lives. But taking proper
precau;iOn againScill-health is one thing
and worrying and fretting about this, that
and another part OF ourselves or or our
physical condition as whole are two
quite different matters. The one Is the
sane procedure of wel-balanced mind.
The other is the action of erratic nerv-
BUSINESS.
1t is also quite likely to be the vapor-
ingS of an empty life. ldleness or failure
to achieve mental concentration and APP
piled interest il behind much of the I'M
easiness I'm life that is termed nervous
ness and that Is given vent I'm special
concern over one 5 physical makeup.
Busy people don't have time to worry
about themseIves-though il is the well
balanced. sensible. busy people, holding
themselves free from the pressure of an
unrestrained ner'e-enersy. who take the
best care of themselves. recognizing that
good health is their chief ally
How much of nervous uneasiness In this
direction there may be is suggested by
the revelation of the retiring chief dis
penser of London free hospital. who has
held his position for ffty-nine years and
retires with honor-and substantial PEN
sion. "Of course" he has said. Il see a
great deal of suffering; but many out
patients come year after year to a hos
pital without anything very much the
matter with them. yet fully convinced
that they cannot live without medicine.
They have developed the medicine
craze" He tells OF their bringing to the
hospital dispensary a card ordering some
simple tonic or stomachic that they take
till the card and succeeding cards are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

filled full of the order to repeat This
type of patient. he says. "gOes from hos
pital to hospital. undeterred by doctors
who have tried to persuade them there is
nothing the matter with Them until at
last to their unIeiened joy, they come
understands their case. II he does. he
understands them, too, and probably plays
upon their desire for treatment by taking
their money i'm return for some harmless
concoction. Lucky are they if they es-
cape with brown-bread pills and coIOrrd
water. II is to be feared, however. that
ignorance and unprinciple making
victims of such people too often by the
administration of medicines that help to-
gether with their nervous fears actually
to undermine health. The physical sys-
TEN is wonderfully well organized and can
Oftentimes withstand an immense amount
of tampering with: but it is folly TO test
its resistance too far.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
The Scone Stone.
rom the London Chronicle.

+ rom Inc LONDON CnTOncle
Dunstaffnage Castle the taking of
which by the Duke of Argyll has been
successfully Warded off in the court of
sessions by it's hereditary captain, has
secured an advertisement during the pro-
longed struggle for ownership which
should result in pleasant addition to
next summers show receipts. Dnnstaff-
mage. on its lonely precipice. is not much
to look at, but its history has been big
with fate for Scotland. In the dim days
of the Pcts it stood for the seat of gov
ernement and harbored the famous stone
of destiny now under 1.-THE coronation
chair in Westminster Abbey. Granny
in the castle wall was pointed out to the
writer last summer as the sacred recep-
tacle of the magical stone.
Kenneth II thought the stone would be
safer in his Abbey of Scone, but. as il
turned out. its transference only made it
easy for Edward l to carry 1t off to
Westminster. Thirty-two years later one
of Edwards successors cove nanted to re-
turn the stolen symbol to Scotland. but
perfidiously forgot the promise. The stone
ats every Scot knows. bided its time till
King Jamie came over the border to sit
OH the English throne. and so fulfil the
famous prophecy:
Except old seers do feign.
And wizard wits be blind,
The Scots in place must reign
Where they this stone shall find
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
The Old French Mail.
rom the London Chronicle


Even with railway strike on, the
mails can be carried much more quickly
between Paris and the coast than in the
old days. thanks to the motor car. Before
1913 the time allowance for the Indian
mails between Calais or BOulogne and
Marseille was 1Go hours. which was
nearly always exceeded. Then the French
government undertook to do it in seventy
two hours, and put on special light
foureon for the work. Baines' ''On the
Track of the Mail Coach" describes the
adventures of this vehicle on one Journey
At ST. Etienne it killed a child running
across the road. Then the wheels, in
sufficiently fabricated. caught fire four
times. Linchpins came out and wheels
off. There was a collision with a cart,
the postilliOn being flung from his sad
die and seriously injured. Going up hill
at Neuily the eight horses revolted and
upset the fOurgon Yet only forty-eight
minutes were lost between Calais and
Marseilles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

meeting of Northwest Auxiliary of the
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
Thursday afternoon. DIR. Lauretta Kress.
superintendent of medical temperance,
has returned from four-month trip
through the New England and middle
states. where she lectured on the benefits
of medicine free from alcohol. and she
gave the union interesting reports of her
trip Miss Teal. the New York state
evangelist. talked on THE Cry of the
Children. Arrangements were made for
q rally meeting of this union at the
home one evening late In January
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
: AiHONG !
lsR.THE cIuRS|
/ Itg|@s "a

Ihc Lincoln Circle, Ladies OF the q.
=, r.. met at the home of Gen. Hoxie,
9TH and X streets northwest. recently
Nfter short business session the annual
ection took place and the following Of
GERS were elected for the ensuing year:
''~. Winnie Ream HoXic president; Mrs
ME Street, senior vice president: Mrs
~ Rowe, junior vice president: Miss
t--.y CT" on. secretary: Miss Nellie
Eolcaizisr. treasurer; Mrs. Helen Nelson
DOGGY conductor: Mrs. Cornelia Avery,
suari: Mrs Mary Seitz-Parker. pianist
: social hour followed and Mrs. Hoxie
served refreshments in her studio and
showed the ladies the model she is max
Ing for the statue OF the war Governor of
Iowa.
Tho Columbia Heights Art Club me-,
thursday with Mrs. Arthur ). Wheeler
Grove Beach. Conn. at the home of
aunt. Mrs. Downey. In paper
tiled Music in Spain Mrs. Anna
'e'Foote not only traced the develop
4 OF Spanish rnusic-folk lore secular
dance music-but gave Illustrations
IL on the piano
The tfe of Charles | of Spain was re-
viewed IN IA paper by Mrs. W u. Turpin
Before serving refreshments the hostess
presented each guest with gift which
Christmas tree.
A meeting of the Capitol Hill History
ciuo vas held Wednesday afternoon at
the residence of Mrs. Charles Fisher III
street northeast. The literary features
~ the program were papers on THE
louise of Luxembourg 'Wenzel" .Ru-
.ert and Hussite War" by Mrs. 4. D.
Glass and Mrs. b. e. Yorns Refresh
ments were served by the hostess and
"a pleasant social hour followed
"he next meeting of the club will be
AIRY il at the home of Mrs. o. IL.
81, o. & street northeast.
/ The Nonpariel Club, which recently
piade its debut in Washington, has elect
q the following officers: Harry Berman,
president: Nathan Rosenblatt, secretary,
and Morris ID. Herman, treasurer
Mrs. Ellis read THE Song of Our
Syrian Guest at the opening of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
The Important Conscience.

From Harper's Weekly.
Little Besse-Mamma. how'll l know
when I'm naughty?
Mother-Your conscience will tell you
dear.
Little Bessie dent care about what
4 tells me--Will it tell you?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
A Good Excuse.

from human Lie.
Geraldine-You haven't been to see me
since you asked my father for my hand
Gerald-No: this is the first time I've
been able to get about
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
Wall Street Version,

From the Wall Street Journal.
A company 10 known by the men it
keeps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

\ retrospect one
naturally searches
the pages of his
tory and looks
back through the
records of the
centuries. that have
gone into oblivion
from which they
came. for tales OF
herOiSm that will
stir the blood.
More than that one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

In sharp contrast with this display of
excitement on the part of the Indians
when they found themselves out of sight
of land may be mentioned an experience
the company passed through on small
river steamboat in Arkansas. 1t was an
old boat and heavily loaded. and the
company was going out from the in
terror of that state down to New Or
leans for work in the south during the
winter months. In forcing the boiler
to drive the boat over a mud bank ahead
the thing burst, tearing out a portion Of
the deck and injurfng a dozen or more
of the passengers. The entire boat was
enveloped in hot steam and there was
much scurrying to and fro to get to
places of safety. Two of the Indians
the explosion, the flying splinters or the
escaping steam. After the cloud of vapor
had lifted from the vessel, one Of them
looked about him. held back his head
pened. Neither of them asked a ques-
ton or showed the slightest curiosity
about the disaster.
The eX-manager said the disbandng
of his company came in 1898. when the
panic broke over the country and the ad-
vances made in newspaper advertising
practically put the travelling company out
of commission. After showing to slack
business for some time, barely making ex-
penses. the medicine concern decided to
into Chicago and closed up. The COM
pany then had been together seven
years and had formed close friendships
The parting was more like the separation
of brothers than men Of fortune who
had battled with hardship and fought
against diminishing business for so long
time.
That last day in Chicago, as the mem
bers sat around the lobby of one of the
hotels. was more like a funeral than
any experience they had ever had. None
of the members, from the manager down,
had much money and all were face to
face with that change in fortune which
had stolen gradually upon them and
which forced them out of the wander
ing life into other occupations. The
company soon scattered. the Indians 60
ing back west and the comedians get
ting such work as they could in dime
museums and vaudeville theaters. 1t
was a sad finale to seven years of activ-
ity in field now closed to adventurous
men.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
Explosion Injuries Trained Nurse.

Miss Laura LOckhart, a trained nurse
employed at the Winchester Memorial
Hospital, is under the care Of physicians
she was struck in the face by a metal
door hurled with great force from an
apparatus used for sterilizing surgical
instruments by steam.
William T. Gore, we'll known resi-
dent of Winchester, lies in serious con-
dition at his home as the result of an
avalanche Of coal falling UNEXPECTEDLY at
the mill of the Lewis Jones Knitting
Company and burying him. Workmen
beard the noise and succeeded in digging
him out alive, but he was badly bruised
and shocked; and has since been under
tn. care of physicians.
The city clerk had to dip his pen in
ink twice this week when he issued a
marriage license to Frederick William
McKim Holiday Forney. d young news
paper presSman of Winchester and Miss
Mary Naomi Patterson. daughter of Jo-
Seph s. Patterson of Frederick county.
The ceremony was performed at the par
Sonage of the First Baptist Church by
Rev w. ii. Carter.
Just as soon as tn2 proper officials rep
resenting the board of public works of
West Virginia sign the contract work is
to begin on the erection of a Sl:0OU0 ho-
tel at Berkeley Springs on the mineral
springs property owned by the state. and
which was recently leased to interests
said to be controlled by the Baltimore
and Ohio railroad. The railroad COM
pany recently bought the link between
Berkeley Springs and Hancock. and in
tends to reconstruct it and develop Berke-
ley Springs into a large inland sum-
merng place for Washington and Balti-
more weekend parties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
Sparing in Use of Water.

The continued cold weather in some
sections of the Shenandoah valley has
caused ice to form to Il thickness Of
twelve inches on many dams and ponds,
and as result the people of the country
districts are still feeling the effects of
the long drought. Some of the small towns
which are supplied with water from
mountain reservoirs are using water
sparingly.
J. .. Henson, young member of the
Berkeley county bar. has been appointed
assistant attorney general of West Vir-
ginia, succeeding Judge David f. Mat
thews who recently resigned because of
ill health. Mr.. Henson will assist Attor-
ney General Conley in the preparation of
criminal cases.
4 modern water and sewerage system
has just been completed in the town OF
Mount Jackson. Shenandoah county at
a cost Of about $1,000. the pipes for both
systems having been laid in the same
trenches. Several large springs on Mas
sanutten mountain flow into reservoir
of 6OO.OOO gallons capacity. apd the pres
sure is no pounds to the sduare inch.
The grounds of the Rockingham Horse
and Colt Show Association at Harrison
burg have been sold to John p. Burke of
that place for $3.50. and he has organ
ICED a stock company with a capital of
$40. 600 for the purpose of establishing the
Rockingham Fair Society. The hrst o..
hibition will be held next fall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

From the Tatler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

/ The Nonpariel Club. which recently
pnade its debut in Washington, has elect
q the following officers: Harry Berman
president; Nathan RosenbIatt, secretary,
and Morris u. Herman, treasurer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

Mrs. Ellis read THE Song of Our
Syrian Guest at the opening of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01
We Wish You a
Happy and Prosperous
New. Year.

We take this opportunity of offering greet
ings and heartiest good wishes for your continued
good health and prosperity.
We, in turn. shall do all in power de-
serve your continued confidence and shall cndeavor
during 1917 to improve the service and broaden the
scope OF The Dependable Store. that it NAV
Your wants during the years with greater
measure of satisfaction than ever before
GeideAberRs
Seventh and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-01-01

- Ut in Maryland there is an old
man who comes to the city
daily like other tolers in the
~ modern treadmil Occasionally
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-08-10
MARKS MISSOURI SEA LEVELS
The United States Geological Survey
Has Recently Completed Work
in the State.

Jefferson City, Mo.-The United
States geological survey, working in
conjunction with the surveyors Of the
state of Missouri, have been establish
ing the levels in this state and plac-
ing tablets or bench marks" in many
places. These markers show the
height of that point above the sea
level.
These bench marks are of two
forms. One is a circular bronze or
aluminium table three and one-hali
inches in diameter and one-fourth
inch thick, having 3-i1ich stem which
is cemented in a drill hole in solid
rock in the wall of some public build.
ing, bridge abutment or other sub
stantial masonry structure or in the
solid rock.
The second form to be set in the
ground where there is no rock or ma
sonry, consists Of hollow wrought
iron post four feet long. A bronze or
aluminium table is riveted over the top
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-08-10
q NQlCFW cQ0WA.APNf5ZfR 20

An odd circumstance in connection with this
rhasa of the crusade for better methods of
handling the corn crop was the discovery by
Irncle SANS investigators that corn growers
as a class are very conservative, altogether
roo conservative. indeed, for their own goco
The Implements and methods employed an
Iowa are entirely different from those of Con-
nacticut and the latter, in turn, are dissimilar
70 those in use in Georgia. No section has
monopoly Of all the good things in methods
and machinery and in many instances a prac-
t;ce in vogue In one locality could be pront
ably used in another district which mad remained
in ignorance of it. All this bids fair to be
changed however, under the present awaken
ing Wideawake corn growers are paying
visits to other corn-producing states than tnelr
own and the result is likely to be general
dscarding Of poor and adopting OF improVeu
methods.
The depth of planting, the distances be-
tween rows and hills and the depth and fire.
cuencv of cultivation are all corn problems
that are being solved along dependable sclen-
tific Ines after a century or more OF discus
sion and dispute Meanwhile the Improvement
of corn cultivating and harvesting machinery
has worked wonders in bringing about the
new era in the corn fields. Mechanical corn
harvesters have developed more slowly tnan
the machines for wheat and other cereals, at
tennis TO solve the problem of mechanically
handling the corn crop dating from 1871,
whereas it was not until 1881 that Cyrus Nc
Cormick made the first reaping machine.
DESPITE the fact that there was almost con-
tinuous experiment in the sphere OF corn har-
vesting machinery from the date above men
toned it was not until 1892 that success crowned
the efforts of the inventors. The principle In
corn harvesters and binders which was destined
to prevail appeared in the year mentioned, the
invention of an Illinois man. In its element
ary form it consisted of corn harvester with
the two dividers passing, one ON each side OF
a row Of corn, which was cut and carried back
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-08-10

present. The Etenographer may be In
the next room or the other side of the
building, but she hears the words as
distinctly as though she were at his
elbow and sets them down.
The detectives got some of the sus-
pected men, separately and together,
in hotel room, a photograph was
under the sofa. A court reporter was
at the other end Word for word his
nimble fingers recorded every word
that was uttered. None but he and
the detectives knew.
Nothing escaped the transmitter-
not even the opening or closing of the
door-and the stanographer trans
cribed everything which the little in
strument reported to him. This re-
port was admitted as evidence by the
judge who presided at the trial.
The inventor of the instrument is
K M. Turner.
In order to entrap the legislators
who were suspected of receiving
brides, Detective Smiley acted as
briber on the occasion when the die
tograph was used and he and o. o.
Walcott, the stenographer, were prin-
cipal witnesses for the prosecution.
The defense objected strenuously to
Wolcott's evidence being admitted,
but the court ruled that it was cor
roborative of the direct evidence and
was admissible.