The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1911-07-17
Of
UNITED STATES
Pierce 5 Council Remained
Unbroken During
His Term

1 1SEa JACKSON ealled the postmaster
general into Ills council The aiiee 0f
secretary Of The interior dates from
lS49, when Taylor entered the psi
| dency. AZ that time and foe forty
years afterwaFd the cabinet consisted
Of seven netnbers. These eonIrisad
/ tts hummer through the civil ~ag pn
Rod. Tue secretary Of agricutaae ip
I peared ia The closing days of GNet
| lands FIRST term. and Norman el
man Of Missouri was the iirst rsaA
who held that title. Early I'll Rouse
yelts service and largely through 6ls
influence the department ~ colmerre
and labor was created. with its aef
member of the cabinet. ITO ttt nast
Roosevelt appointed his private rs
tary, CorJcyou.
Adams Made Few Chances.
! Next 10 Pierce the president WIS
made the fewest changes in hf c@bi-
net was John Quincy Adam III
made only one. Near the end ~ tlie
term Peter =. Porter Of New logG stie
ceeded James Barbour of yirs.aia a4
| secretary 81 Nar. And Adams, ltRe
| Pierce was fairly wen served I'm HIN
1 official advisers All were men af hieh
| standing IN their day. Those wll9 qee
I best known to readers OF histof5 are
/ Henry Clay, who was secretgA of
| state; Richard Rush, secretary OF the
| treasury; John Mclean, pos nasger
general, and William Writ. atoraeg
general pierce's cabinets bpsi atiQwn
members we're William l.. Mareg. aa.-
rotary of state: James Guthrie, seere
tary Of the treasury; Jefferson Davis.
secretary az war, and Caleb Cushing,
attorney general Marcy is tue NON
who as Il senator from New York.
made use of the pharse, ITO the gict0r
belong The spoils of the enemy uean
ing to the victor In politics. Tbfs was
during Jacksons admlnistratsaH snd
was In justification Of Jackson g0agse
In turning his party enemies out pf
the federal appointive Offices and out
ting his friends in. This was the
SPOTS system, SO called. which ragged
until mitigated by the civil service
act of 1888. signed by President Ar.
thur Guthrie was mentioned carly iii
1861 MS being one of the southern enc
mics of his party whom Lincoln was
considering as possible selections for
his cabinet Lincoln found n neges-
sary or expedieut, however, to giFe aIl
the places to Republicans.
An upheaval occurred In Jaegsons
cabinet in 1891, III the Troubles Ia
which Jackson aud Calhoun founl
themselves in hostile camps iu tb.
Democratic party. These were due Ia
two issues one was the tigbr whlcA
the wives and daughters of vice tres,
ident Calhoun and some Of tue mem-
bers OF the cabinet made against The
wife Of Secretary of War Eaton. ana
the other came through the ulilca
ton movement in South Carolina,
which was led by Calhoun and Hayne
The first WAS facetiously STYLED tie
Peggy O'Ncil war Mrs Eaton was
the daughter Of a Washington tavern
keeper named ONeil, who married 4
naval officer named Timherlake t50s.
sip. especially by women, made ather
free with the name of Thmbe.iabe's
wife, and he committed suicide lhem
she married General John II i0tai. a
neighbor and friend of Jackson whom
Jackson, when entering Office U S29.
appointed secretary of war, 1,le @u-
men Of the court circle refused o ~.
ceive Mrs Eaton, while Jackson. who
had long been acquainted WITH hnr ANA
who admired her, took her SIDE As
the husbands Of these women were ci-
Their unwilling or unable TO GO Iain
their wives to tender the ordinary
courtesies TO Mrs Eaton the uipr
became an issue In Democr fac
tjonal politics. The result was the resi-
ignation of some of the memha ot
the cabinet, led by Jackson Hd
Van Buren,, who was a widoWe aHa
who was free 10 extend all the aaven
honal coultesies to Mrs. Eaton WITH
Van Buren, ard Eaton out of me eap
net Jackson forced the friends at t'&{-
houn out, and q new council tiltf
result. This cabinet squabble iheusi
Calhoun out Of the line for aa A
! cession TO the presidency and 1g Van
Buren, In his place. Nulliiicatioa haH
ever, and the knowledge that @Hhgaa
as secretary Of war under Monroe had
favored court martial for Jackson
for his too exuberant actiyiD 81 taa
Crook war did more even h the
! Eaton inbroglio toward tttrnH "1d
| Hickory" against the South CacQ.a.aN.
! Along until Jacksons day, e2cepl n
I the case Of Hamilton and Jeamoa io
! Washingtou's cabiuet and few N A@
! members of the council Of Johg &l
| ans, fairly harmonious relation Gst
/ "a among the official adviser tAe
! presidents, broken in the case H9+
/ roe and Crawford, the secretary 1g fe
! treasury. IL was said that for time
/ there were strained relations he.Wean
| these two, although in the camlaau
OF 1894 the gossip Of tho day al hat
Monroe would have preferred w-
ford for president TO any Of tAa 3iier
compeHtors-John Quincy Adams aR-
drew Jackson aud Henry Clay
In Tyler's case there was almost I
complete reorganization OF the eabiRet
very early. At Harrison's death
I