davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Organic Matter.
BY II. 2. Patterson, Montana
Agricultural College.

Most farmers realize the value of or.
ganic matter. They know that with.
out this material the soil does not
hold the moisture and there is more
danger OF the soil pudding and be.
coming in poor physical condition. Or.
ganic matter might be designated as
grass roots, leaves or manure of any
kind. In order to get the best results
from the use of organic matter 1t
should be placed in the soil at a time
OF year when there is sufficient mois-
ture to insure quick decay. This ma
about five inches and the soil should
be packed quite firmly about it. We
should not cover the material to such
a depth that 1t will not come in con-
tact with the soil air, for If we do the
material will not decay. To insure
decay there must be plenty of air and
moisture.
We would place the manure at a
greater depth in sandy soil than We
would in a clay. The eason for this
ts that the water table is not as near
the surface in the sand as in the clay
and then we find that the air. pene.
trates to a greater depth in the sand.
Organic matter is valuable in that
it makes a clay subsoil more open and
porous and also increases the water
holding capacity. If organic matter
is we'll intermixed with sand we find
that the large open pore spaces are
partially filled and this, too, will in.
creas the water holding capacity. The
organic matter seems to act as a sort
of sponge. 1t will absorb the mois.
ture and give it out as the plants need
it. This is an important thing, espe-
cially to the farmers upon dry land.
BY the action of this material large
areas of sandy and gravelly land have
been made to produce profitable crops.
In addition to making the soil more
open and porous and more retentive of
moisture, the organic matter itself
will give up some plant food. As was
stated, this material is composed of
leaves, roots, etc., and these roots and
leaves contain quite large amounts of
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
These are extremely valuable when
we consider the fertility of the land.
In the use of organic matter, then,
the only thing that should cause us
worry is the method of putting it in
the soil. We should get it in the soil
in such a condition that it will very
quickly decay.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon.
tana, April "a, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
LAURA j. CROW,
of Fort Benton, Montana ,who,on October 8, 1909,
made Homestead entry No. 0SS29, for NEA sec
ton 80 township "a north, range 6 east, Montana
meridian, has filed notice of intention to make
final Communication proof, to establish claim to
the land above described, before Chas. II. Boyle,
Montana, on the 18th day of June, 1911.
Claimant names as witnesses: Clayburn l..
Kelly, Harvey A. Gray, John p. Mcmahon,
Barnet w. Bailor, all of Carter, Mont.
Il. L. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Lewistown. Mon
tana, May 8, 1911.
Notice ls hereby given that
JOSEPH e. JACKSON,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on March Ii, 1910,
made homestead entry No. 0SslS, for En-. sen
section 9, 81 SWA section 10, township q
north, range IA east, Montana principal
meridian, has filed notice of Intention
to make final Communication proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Chas.
II. Boyle, U. 8. commissioner, at his office at
Fort Benton. Montana. on the 10th day Of June,
1911.
Claimant names o. Witnesses: George Fright,
Peter Hendrickson. Frank Seynost, Arte Wsnne'
DO. all Of Hawarden, Montana:
G. e. MCKOIN, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Good Biscuit Recips.

A never failing rule for biscuit calls
for four cupfuls of -four, a tablespoon
full of sugar, a t%easpoonful Of salt, two
rounded teaspoonfuls Of baking pow
der, a piece of butter the size of an
egg and two cupfuls Of milk. After
sitting the -four, salt, sugar and bak-
ing powder together rub the. butter
through the mixture and stir in the
milk. Stir the batter as little as pos
sible, only just enough to mix it. Bake
In a quick oven and serve piping hot.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land ONCE at Great Falls, Mon
tana, April "a, 1911.
Notice ts hereby given that
EUGENE A. SNYDER,
of Fort Benton. Montana, who, on March IL, 1908,
49, %so to "u%Sies = a e noith so range HoeS'l 5 'e east. Montana
meridian, has filed notice Of intention to make
final communication proof, to establish claim to
the land above described, before ChAe. H. Boyle,
Montana, on the 9Th day of June. 1911.
Claimant names Is Witnesses: George Wack-
erlin, Thomas ~Coatswortb, Walter F. Morrison.
Winfield I. Snyder, all of Fort Benton, Mont.
E. L. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, May ID, 1911.
Notice 1s hereby given that
HARRISON LAWRENCE,
of Power, Montana, who, on November q, 1909,
made homestead entry, No. 0l077s, for So
tana meridian, has filed notice OF intention to
make final ~fve-year proof to establish claim
to the land above described, before the Register
and Receiver, U. s. land Office at Great Falls,
Montana, on the 27th day of June, 1911.
Claimant names as witnesses: Albert B. Low,
Jacon G.. Low. Charles A. Dodson, Harry s.
E. L. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Genuine Southern Corn Bread.

To make the genuine southern corn
bread it is essential to have the genu-
inc southern cornmeal. If you can
get the genuine meal, therefore (water
ground), make your cake in this way:
Beat two eggs very light. Add to them
n pint sour milk or buttermilk and
a pint of the meal. Melt a large
tablespoonful Of butter and add to
the mixture, together with a tablespoon
full Of soda dissolved in a small por-
ton Of the measured out milk. Beat
very hard and bake in we'll buttered
pan in a quick oven.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
O22757, Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Once at Great Falls, Mon
tana, April "a, 1911.
Notice 10 hereby given that
SANTA FE PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY,
this oath day of April, 1911. fled in this office its
application to select under the provisions of the
act OF June 4. 1897, the SWk 6WA section y.
township II north, range IL east, Montana mest-
dian.
Any and all persons claiming adversely the
lands described, or desiring to object because Of
the mineral character of the land, or for any
file their afidavits of prote, st in this office, on OF
before the Sd day of June 1911.
E. L.. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon.
tana, April ~, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
NANCY j. NORRIS,
of Portage, Montana, who, on March 80, 1910,
made homestead entry No. 0l51l1, for NWk
section ~, township % north, range 4 east,
Montana meridian, has filed notice of intention
to make final communication proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Regis
ter and Receiver, U. y. land Office, Great Falls,
Montana, on the 18th day of June, 1911.
Claimant names as Witnesses: John F.. Susens,
Harry C. Woodward, William A.. Wallis, Chas.
II. Murphy, all of Portage, Montana.
E. l.. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United states Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, May, ID, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
HARRIET E. HOGG,
1910, made Homestead entry No. Ols66s, for sen
section 81, township "a north, range = east, Mon
tsna meridian, has filed notice Of intention to
make final Communication proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Chas
H.. Boyle, U. s. commissioner, at his Office in
Fort Benton, Montana, on the 26th day of June.
1911.
Claimant names as Witnessed: Maurice Latta,
Christina Weagant, Lottie NJ. Upham, Grover
G. Schmidt, all of Fort Benton, Mont.
E. L. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.
United States Land Office at Great Falle, Mon

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, April II, 1911.
Notice IL hereby given that
CHARLES SCHILL!NG,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on July ~, 1905,
made desert land entry No. 1925, serial No. 0liOO.
for Sh SWk, SWA SEX, NWk 6WA section
8, township % north. range 7 east, Montana meri.
dian, has filed notice of Intention to make hnAl
proof, to establish claim to the land above de-
scribed, before jeremiah Sullivan, U. 8. COM
missioner, at his Office at Fort Benton. Montana,
on the 22d day of May, 1911.
Claimant names as Witnesses: John J. Fallon,
Peter Burnett, Alexander Barley, Ernest s.
Wright, all of Fort Benton, Mont.
E. L.. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication,

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, May Is, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
ADAM CAMERON,
of Great Falls, Montana, who, on October 10,
1907, made desert land entry No. 1926, serial No.
O1775, for NEA section u, township % north,
range 2 east, Montana meridian, has fled notice
of Intention to make final proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Regis
Montana, on the 29th day of June, 1911.
Claimant names as Witnesses: Robert Skinner,
Hector Mckenzie, Robert Cameron, of Great
Falls, Montana, Donald Bannatyne, of Floweree
Montana. e. L.. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Coal waiver filed. Coal Land.
Havre Serial No. OATS.
Great Falls Serial No. 04032.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land ONCE at Havre, Montana,
May 4, 1911.
Noticei IL hereby given that
THOR RITLAND,
Of Fort Benton, who, on July 2, 1907, made
homestead entry No. 424l, for lots l and 2, sec.
ton 10, lot !, section Q; lot 8 section I; NWA
NWk section 10, township "a north, range IS
east, Montana meridian, has hled notice of inten-
ton to make final dve-year proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Chas.
H.. Boyle, U. 8. commissioner, at his Office at
Fort Benton, Montana. on the 10th day of June,
1911.
Claimant names o. Witnesses: George E.
d. Clark, all of Fort Benton, Montana.
+. A. CARNAL, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Great Falls, Mon
tana, April "a, 1911.
Notice is hereby given that
SAMUEL P. SNYDER,
IS, 1909, made homestead entry No. 0545O
for NJ SEA, Eh SWA section q, town
ship "a north, range 5 east, Montana meridian.
has filed notice of Intention to make final commu.
tation proof, to establish claim to the land above
described, before Chss H.. Boyle, U. s. commits
sioner, at his office at Fort Benton, Montana, on
the 9Th day of June, 1911.
Claimant names as witnesses: Walter F.
Morrison, Edward Reichelt, Winfield p. Snyder,
Herman Scholz, all Of Fort Benton, Mont:
L. l.. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Coal Land.
Waiver fled.
81 Land. waiver
Havre Serial No. Ol2S4.
Great Falls Serial No. 08467.
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Havre, Mon
tana, April 10, 1911.
Notice 10 hereby given that
CORNELIUS j. MCNAMARA,
whose postohace address is Big Sandy, Mont. has
his application to select under the provisions Of
section 1905, revised statutes, the NWA SEA
section 20, township &c north, range IL east,
Montana meridian.
Any and all persons claiming adversely the
lands described. or desiring to object because Of
the mineral character of the land, or for any
should hle their afidavits of protest In this
ONCE, on or before the Sd day Of June, 1911.
F. A. CARNAL, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Notice For Publication.

United States Land Office at Lewistown, Mon
lana, April %, 1911.
Notice IL hereby given that
FREDERICK II. ROLF,
of judith, Montana, who. on June 8, 1907, made
homestead entry No. 5lO5, serial No. 03S99, for
lots l, 2, 3 and 4, section 8, township y north,
range Is east, Montana principal meridian has
filed notice of Intention to make final FIVE year
proof to establish claim to the land above de-
scribed, before Chas. II. Boyle, u. 8. commits
sioner, at his office at Fort Benton, Montana, on
the 26th day of May, 1911.
Claimant names as witnesses: Fred Rolf,
Judith, Mont, James Conley, John T. Sheath,
Luther Balm, of Big Sandy, Mont.
f. CKOIN Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17

This Crop Can Be Grown Successfully
on Montana Dry Lands.

on montana Try IdnoS.
German millet is a grass that will
grow upon the Montana dry lands and
will produce pretty good yields. This
millet is a arm climate plant and it
is a quick grower. The time of seed.
ing German millet will vary with the
locality, but it is generally seeded
quite late in the spring Or at about
the same time corn Is planted. The
method of preparing the seed bed will
also vary with the different soils.
Briefly it might be stated that the
method that is used In preparing the
seed bed for corr or oats Is desirable
for the millet, that is, the land should
be plowed to a good depth and the
blowing should be followed by the
disc and harrow. The common grain
drill is used in seeding this crop and
about three pscks Of seed per acre
are used.
As was mentioned before. this crop
will grow and mature seeds in a COM
paratively short time. |. Is ready for
being harvested for forage when the
seeds are in the milk stage. The crop
Is usually harvested in the same way
as timothy. that is, by the use of the
mower. The grass is cut early in the
morning and allowed to dry sufficient.
ly when it is raked and placed in
small cocks to remain for about
twelve hours. AS soon as it is suffl
GENTLY dry 1t can be hauled to the tbarr
or placed in a stack. Millet handled
in this way is very desirable for feed
ing young cattle and it fits in very
nicely into the common farming op'
erations.--H. f. Patterson, Montana
Agricultural College.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Raisjn PuHs.

Cream one rounding tablespoonful of
butter with one-quarter of a cupful of
sugar, add one beaten egg in One-half
d cupful of milk and three-quarters of
l cupful Of seeded and chopped raisins.
Add lastly n cupful of flour sifted,
with a level %teaspoonful of baking
powder. Fill small buttered molds
three-quarters full of the batter and
steam for forty minutes. Serve with a
liquid sauce.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
To Use Ham.

Sliced ham is more tender IL 1T Is
baked than if fried. Cut a slice three
quarters of an inch thick, put it into a
small enamel pan, turn three-quarters
Of a cupful Of milk i've it, owe and
bake for an hour and a quarter, bast-
ing every fifteen minutes with milk.
For luncheon grind the ends Of a
boiled ham and mix it with a button
onion that has been chopped fine and
a little minced parsley. Put the mix
ture into a pan with a little butter
and moisten with hot water or cream.
Simmer four or five minutes and then
heap on slices Of toast.
For curly bacon cut it very thin and
half cook it in boiling water, then curl
it, fasten in shape with a t%oothpick
and broil it over the fire.
A little grated American cheese mix
ed with minced ham used in sand
wiches is delicious if the sandwich is
fried brown and served very hot.
Cold ham is tasty if it is shredded
and cooked in currant jelly sauce. Put
a cupful Of the shredded ham into a
saucepan with a level tablespoonful
Of butter and half a cupful of currant
jelly. AS soon as the jelly and butter
begin to bubble add four tablespoon
fuls of sherry and a seasoning of pa
prika. Simmer the mixture about five
or six minutes and serve with toast.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Notice to Creditors.

Estate Of George Hoffman, deceased.
Notice IL hereby given by the undersigned,
administrator Of the estate of George Hoffman,
to the creditors Of, and oil persons hav-
ing claims against the said deceased, to exhibit
them with the necessary vouchers within four
months after the first publication of this notice,
to the said administrator at his residence in
in Fort Benton, Montana, In the county of Chou
teau, state OF Montana.
W. o. DEXTER,
Administrator Of the estate Of George Hoffman,
deceased.
Dated Nay l, 1911.
First publication, MAJ 3, 1911.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Non Coal Land.
Notice For Publication.

United States Lsnd Office at Great Falls, Mon.
tana, May 13, 1911.
Notice 10 hereby given that
HENRY w. GREEN,
of Fort Benton, Montana, who, on October %,
1909, made homestead entry No. o904S, for MEX
section ~, township "A north, range 8 east, Mon
tans meridian, has filed notice Of intention to
make final Communication proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before Chas.
H. Boyle, U. s. commissioner, at his Office at
Fort Benton, Montana, on 26th day Of June, 1911.
Claimant names a. witnesses: George II.
Stevens, Maurice Latta, Charles X. Deck, Joseph
Thorpe, oil of Fort Benton Montana.
E.. L. BARNES, Register.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Notice to Creditors.

Estate of Thos. G. Cofeld, deceased.
Notice ts hereby given by the undersigned,
administrators of the estate of Thos. q. COfield,
to the creditors of and all persons hav-
ing claims against the said deceased, to exhibit
them with the necessary vouchers within four
months after the first publication of this notice,
E: Stranahsn in Fort Benton, in the county of
Chouteau, state of Montana.
MARY E. COFIELD,
ADMINISTRATIVE ofthe estate of Thos. q. Cofeld,
deceased.
Dated April II, 1911.
First publication April II, 1911.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Notice to Creditors,

Estate of Henry Berger, deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the undersigned,
administrator of the estate of Henry Berger, de-
ceased, to the creditors OF, and all persons having
claims against the said deceased, to exhibit them
with the necessary vouchers within four months
after the first publication of this notice, to the
said administrator at his residence in Fort Ben
ton, In the county of Chouteau, state of Mon
tHna. w. U. DEXTER,
Administrator Of the estate of Henry Berger,
deceased.
Dated April 20, 1911.
First publication May 3, 1911.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
800 Reward.

One hundred dollars reward will be paid for
evidence aud conviction of parties driving of
rom their accustomed home range, ON head
waters Of middle fork of Clear Creek,
in1urlng, killing or %unlawfully brand
ing any cattle nf horses bearing brand
q left hip for cattle and left shoulder
Ior horses. I desire to return all above stock
ing to recovery.
FRED H. SCOTT, wsrrick, Montana.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17

,Estrayed from my ranch on the Marias river,
about October, 1910, three head of work horses
freshly branded v On left jaw and all bearing
one brown pinto, one brown gelding. Twenty
dollars reward will be paid for the return Of
JAMES c. TURNER, Beatrice P. O., Mont.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Claimant Wanted For Estrays

s4s.-5 horses, cold by Clark Horse
Sales, Miles City .$l42.47
Branded, no position given.-1 M. G
l. O9. In making claim refer to number.
Claims for above animals, together with
evidence of ownership. may be filed with
D. W. RAYMOND, Secretary,
Helena. Montana,
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1911-05-17
Questions and
Answers,
Replies by Il. E. Patterson,
Montana Agricultural Col.
lege.
+ + i + + + i + 1. 4 + i. !. +


S. X. j., Washington, writes: Would
you advise the covering of a mare to
bring her in heat? have a two-year.
old draft hlly that has failed to show
signs Of heat. | would like to breed
her this spring. Will mares show
signs of heat after such service. pro-
viding they have not become in foal
from the first covering? az. What is
the effect upon a horse covering q
mare already in foal? Will it kill the
foal and if so what is the reason?
(3). Will it ruin the mare for breed.
ing purposes if she loses her foal from
such a cause?
Reply: (1). Authorities differ up.
on the Question whether forced serv.
ice is followed by a natural period
of heat. However, it seems to be the
opinion of a large number of our
horsemen that coming in heat may
sometimes be encouraged in this way.
The safer plan for our reader would
be to wait until she comes in heat
naturally. There may be such a thing
that she comes in heat, but shows
but little evidence of the fact. 1t may
have escaped our readers notice that
impregnation by capsule or syringe
may bring about conception v II
the signs of heat are not noticed.
(2). Excitement of service may
stimulate coming in heat when a mar
has recently conceived. If the foal
is we'll along the act might stimulate
abortion by reason of excitement and
possibly local injury. The entrance
to the womb is closed when a mare
is in foal. consequently no seman
could enter.
(3). No,
Cross Breeding Hogs.
Mr.. ]. B., Gallatin county, writes:
II have a herd of we'll bred Poland
China hogs and I desire to raise hogs
for the market, Would you deem it
advisable to buy a Berkshire boar and
use him for breeding purposes upon
these females?"
Reply: Our reader has asked a
question that has been before the
farmers of this country for a consider
able length of time. Nearly all breed
ers are agreed that a cross between
the Berkshire and the Poland China
will give a hog that is well adapted
for breeding purposes. AS far as we
are able to tell we would think that
this is indeed a very good plan, es
pecially If the farmer does not desire
to continue this method of cross
breeding. The first cross will usually
give Us the good characteristics Of
both the sire and the dam. We will
obtain the large size of the Berkshire
together with the quick fattening quail
tiles of the Poland China. These two
factors are indeed very important
when We desire hogs for ~fattenins
purposes. However, u reader will
find that If he continues this method
of cross breeding the second genera
ton will result In a large number o
inferior animals. 1t is only the ex
p~erienced breeder who can cross thu
different breeds of animals for a mum
Der of years and obtain the best re
suits. If our reader is prepared t,
secure new blood each year. We SCI
no aso why he could not make goo,
money from this operation. BY al
means we would not advise the con
tinued use of the boar upon the eros
bred animals. as this would cause tn
cropping out of a very large humble
of undesirable points.