El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1911-07-07
1HE MOST enthusiastic Americans 7
4 under the protection of the United /.

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4 under the protection of the United
- States flag are the citizens of
Hawaii. who today are celebrating the
18th anniversary of the annexation OF
Hawaii to the United States. For years
before July Z, 1898, Hawaii had been
clamoring loudly for admission to Uncle
Sans family, and if president Benjamin
Harrisons term of officeflad extended a
week longer the annexation would have
taken place five years earlier.
On January IA, 1898, queen Liliuoka
lani announced some additions to the
constitution of the kingdom of Hawaii,
one OF which denied the right OF suffrage
to white men on the island unless they
were married to native women. To pre-
vent serious consequences OF the riot
caused by this threatened condition, the
United States minister, j. l.. Stevens,
called upon the marines of the I. ). ).
Boston," which was then in Honolulu
harbor. to land, for the purpose OF pro-
tecting the lives and property OF Amerl-
cans residing in Hawaii. On january
II, the committee 81 safety issued
proclamation declaring the monarchy to
be abrOgated and establishing pro-
visional government, pending an annexa-
ton treaty with the United States By
advice of her ministers, in order to pre-
vent bloodshed, the queen agreed TO this
provisional government. The annexation
treaty was at that time favored by many
Americans, and after having passed
through congress, it was presented TO
president Cleveland on March 8, Just five
days after bis Inauguration.
Instead of signing it, Mr.. Cleveland
sent commissioner BlOunt to Hawaii IN
May to make a secret investigation. Mr..
Blount remained until August, and, as
the result of his report. the United
States minister, Sydney Willis, was
authorized to try to act as peace medi-
ator between Liliuokalani and the Off
GERS of the provisional government.
stephen B. Dole, the acting president,
declined to serve under the authority OF
the deposed queen, and the matter was
in controversy in the United States for
some months That Mr.. Cleveland was
anxious to reinstate the queen upon her
throne, was made evident to all those IN
touch with the conditions. Failing IN
this, the annexation was postponed by
the Turpie resolution. passed May 81,
1894, in which the United States declined
any further intervention In HAWAII
Constitution Framed.
On that same date in Hawaii, a COM
mittee was formed to frame eonstl-
tuition for the republic of Hawaii. This
Was I1OUc1SO ClOSClN dltCl C11C NOhGtAcN
ton of the United States. 1t was
adopted and. on July +, of that year.
Stephen B. Dole was proclaimed presl-
dent 1t was a tempestuOus time for
the new republic, because of the numer-
Gus plots constantly being made TO re-
store the monarchy Although she had
taken the oath of allegiance to the re-
public of Hawaii, Liliuokalani was active
in this connection. As a result OF
plot. in which arms brought from San
Francisco by the Royalists were found
concealed upon her premises. the queen
herself was held prisoner for nine months
in her palace. She was pardoned on
June "a. 1895, with about 40 fellow, con-
spirators all of whom took the oath OF
allegiance to the new government
Soon after the election of president
Mckinley, Hawaiian annexation nego-
tiations were renewed. and new treaty
was drawn I'D at Washington on Jan.
16, 1897 The resolution of annexation
passed the senate by vote OF AZ to Il,
and the house of representatives by
vote of 209 to 81. and was signed by
president Mckinley on July z, 1898. The
formal annexation services took place IN
Hawaii on August u, 1898. with no
small amount of ceremony. The United
States flag was raised over the govern
ment building at Honolulu and Hawaii
became territory of the United States
with the same rights and privileges as
any other territory.
Adds 16o,ooo People
By the annexation, the United States
acquired an additional population APP
proximating 100000 persons, composed
of almost every race under the sun.
value by the natural resources of the
island no less than by the commercial
Importance .of its situation. 1t lies In
the pathway of every ship crossing the
Pacific ocean from the principal ports of
both North and South America to the
ports of Asia and the South Sea Islands.
The development of trade in the
Pacific ocean is increasing each month.
The completion of the Panama canal
Dor. seven miles from Honolulu, Will be
made the greatest American naval sta
ton. The United States government,
recognizing these things. is strengthening
the natural advantages of HaNaii by
additional Notifications. Diamond Head,
the largest extinct volcano in the world,
will soon bristle with guns, and present
a defence to any attack from foreign
fleets that will be quite as impregnable
as Gibraltar. FOrtifving a volcano is a
unique feat of military engineering, but
it is soon to be completed.
They are now tunnelling through deep
walls of lava, making needful passage
ways. charging the natural water reser-
voir and in every way preparing the
fort so thoroughly for the resistance of
attack that its very impregnability may
present the best argument for the peace |
of nations. If there comes a great !
struggle for the mastery of the Pacific |
ocean, Hawaii will become America s
greatest stronghold.
Is Babel of Tongues.
Despite the fact that it is an Ameri- |
can territory. and that the English /
language is the only, one authorized, /
Hawaii is still a babel of tongues. |
japanese, Chinese, Korean. Portuguese.
Spanish and native Hawaiian are all |
heard. Strange TO say, japanese is the |
language most spoken. Out of a popu
lation of 191. 900 fully half are Orientals, /
and only about $4,000 are American
born Yet in spirit and patriotism,
Hawaii is as distinctly American as New
England The school children of Homo
lulu proclaim the glories of the Stars
and Stripes with fervor worthy of any
American children. The schools are
American, with teachers
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