davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-02-13
The summaries follow
Michael Nllson. dc Mohegar ~

Michael Nilsson. the MohegaE Athletic
Club runner, defeated the field that took
part in the shorter event. Nilsson gradu-
ally picked his way TO the front sprinting
away from James Walsh. OF the West Har-
lem Athletic Club, who was second, TO win
by fifteen yards. P. Disanza, Of the Bronx
Catholic Club. was third.
The summaries follow:
New-York tribune., 1911-02-13
utes 25 seconds

Charles Ressonico. the Italian runner Of
the Iiguria Athletic Club. had little diff
Guilty in defea ting the field in the run OF the
Pennant Athletic Club.
New-York tribune., 1911-02-13
MEDALS FOR AMATEURS
Western Golf Association W0ulo
Give All Cash Prizes to "Pros."
NO EQUIVALENT IN PLAI +
Glory of Victory and Some Smaii
Trophy a Sufficient Reward
for Skill.

The now bard Of directors Of the
ern Golf Association IS considering the H'
visibility o. hereafter distributing an 'he
cash prizes put UP in the open chan'Pio"-
ship tournament among the pros VIM
hr isll in the prize money As for the dina
tel RS fortunate enough 10 win prizes az
propriate medals would be their ohly re-
ward. instead of the equivalent In p!ate.
1t has been urged that as the great ouiH
Of the entrance money comes from '"''
professionals. this should so back 10 sue"
as win prizes. In a way this VIII mare
the amateurs who take part In a western
Cclf Association championship play simply
for the glory Of victory. and il Will be
step forward to place the amateurs on
high plane. They will get a gold silver
or bronze medal. as the case NAV ne' as .
token OF their skill. but no plate-ho SILVER
cups
New-York tribune., 1911-02-13
The schedule follows

September so stevens Institute az Princeton
October 4 Rutgers a. Prin ,eton. I. Nlllanova
az Princeton. II. Lchgh al Princeton. IL. COL
gate at Princeton. 81. Navy at Annapolis -.
Holy Cross al Princeton.
November 4 Harvard at Princeton; II. Dart
mouth AT Princeton. i. Yale al New Haven:
New-York tribune., 1911-02-13

wrestling has been abused in this coun-
,rv So many bouts have been decided De
fore the men took their places on The mat
that the sport came into bad odor ana
lost its hold 10 a large extent particu-
iarlv in this district It would seem now
ever AS if the time had come for reVlVai
or as II the long suffering public had Tor
gotten it's grievance and was ready once
more 10 pay a reasonable price to see the
good men in action. That many are sun
sYspicious. however. also is Indicated nor
only before but after the meeting or HpyszKo
and Hackenschpidt in Madison Square Gar
den on Thursday. II ! was asked once
uas asked fofty times, VIII the men wFes-
,Ie on the square?" or Did they wrestie on
the so,Iare?" l saw the bout ana atter u
c.ss over had no hesitancy IN answering
In the Affirmative In my opinion both
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
J. Ho,u Schedule K" Works.

from 1000 pounds of unsecured wool.
while the manufacturer of carded
wooden cloth for clothing the poor
gets as low as 200 pounds of secured
wool from 1000 pounds of unsecured
wool. And yet the tariff tax on the
1000 pounds of unsecured wool is the
same, $110, in each case.
Thus the tariff on secured wool for
clothing for the poor runs as high as
SIS cents pound. while the tariff
On secured wool for the worsted
clothes which the well-to-do wer runs
as low as IA cents a pound. This is
one Of the tariff tricks that for over
forty years has deprived the Ameri-
can people Of low-priced clothing and
built up the great worsted trust.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
lRy John G. Kennedy.l

=
1ou.na.s - 1888 & 49, go
1a,ol'sai1s q ,sse- 9 8. ss'.s
1850 s e. $500 49,. 80 80.
- - W ~ = s. :. Z
elaa1s7 !. - ,ss .ss 49, -s'.ss1
pl1se s.. $3.50 n ~ e
- -, 80 paz,; ,.'-. {
~ ~ - 9 GO. -
'll9 = e. 8, Is. 8 - $3.50 Z. 7..ss.
81 :, na.e 1. ~ r,a .:.sss .n. p..As,Ae
s 80 -
nul,ul 20 s 49, 4 AAss1s unus. ~
pess s0''s11 's,'-s''
Soaauafsty.
Pernaps me most ssIlklng Phase q
the German iaDor movement y the
way IN Wnlcn sne dlHerent eiements
WORK togelner. ine Soclallst parry
helps Inc traue unions anu Inc unions
nelp tne Soclailst party, ana Doln
party ana unions nelp enc CROWN OF
co-operatlye socleties. 4et no organi-
cation attempts 70 dictate tne policies
Of the othef Inc Sociallst party IS
expected % Work out tne lactlcs tnat
VIII best meet me needs @ tne WorK-
ers on the poiltlcal neta, WINE the
trade unions are expected @ WORK out
the form q ORGANIZATION tnat VIII pest
protect one workers ON the economic
held. W1tnm me party some OF the
members emphasize the uitlmate ann
the compiete aDohtlon OF the capl-
tailst system o. prouuction ana the
substitution tnere19r q Soclallst co
operative system otners eMphaslze
the lmmediate demands suca as pet
ter Workingmens insurance. Detser
factory leglslation ana DetteF housing
TOT the WORKING class. Witnln the
trade unions, likewise, some mem
bers emphasize one type q an organl-
zation ana one sort q 1actlcs, WINE
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26

Deprived wholly Of any supply OF
foreign wool the carded wooden in.
dustry is forced to rely on the donnes-
tic clip, which provides less than halt
the wool (clean weight used in the
country. This domestic supply is still
further restricted by the fact that
Worsted machinery has been steadily
developed so as to comb and spin
shorter woods for worsted goods. This
is a second reason why the carded
WOODEN industry is placed at . dis
advantage.
The products of the carded wooden
industry are necessary In order to
provide the people with warm cloth
ing at a low price. They are pre-
eminently the clothing Of the poor and
of those in moderate circumstances.
The effect Of the present law has been
to make cotton, instead Of carded
wooden cloth, the substitute for the
higher priced Worsted, and thus de-
priYe the consumer Of an adequate
supply of warm clothing at a moder-
ate price.
The natural results Of these condi-
lions are now in evidence. The wor-
sted industry, supplied with raw ma
terial subject to low duties, and dis
posing Of its products in market in
which its competitors are handicapped
BY heavy burdens or from which they
are wholly excluded, is enjoying 9
phenomenal Prosperity.
on the other hand, the business Of
the carded wooden mills has in great
measure been ruined by the condi-
tons that are stimulating worsted
manufacturing. Many Of them have
been driven out Of business.
Prohibitory duties on heavy shrink
ing wool and wool by-products force
the consumer to wear clothing made,
not Of American wool, but Of cotton
and poor shoddy. Both the wool
growers and the consumers Of wool
goods are defrauded.
Carded woolens are used to make
the loW-priced clothing. which are
bought BY the poor.
Combing wool. SO called, makes the
worsteds which 60 into the clothing
Of the welI-to-do.
While all kinds Of wool are appar-
entity taxed the same, as matter oi
fact the tax is much higher. in some
cases four times higher, on the
clothing wool used for the clothing d
the poor than on eombing wool used
| for the clothing Of the well-to-do. This
result Is brought about By placing g
duty Of II cents pound on unsecured
wool. The manufacturer Of Worsted
Tor clothing Of the WelEto.do gets Is
much IS 500 pounds Of secured wool
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
J. THE LABOR MOVEMENT IN GERMANY !.

personalities. They discuss the issues
and principles at stake and consider
them on their merits.
Education.
Another striking feature of the
German labor movement is the en-
phasis put upon education. There is
no labor movement in the world that
is more thoroughly working-class in
spirit and membership than the Ger
man labor movement. But there is no
labor movement in the worio. or any
other kind of a movement, which has
a higher respect for science, learning
and culture While the German
workers cherish no Illusions about be-
ing delivered from capitalism by one
great leader, or dozen great leaders,
yet they recognize the Importance of
leadership and give due weight to the
opinions of able men. And it makes
no difference whether these men are
men from their own ranks, like Bebel,
.Legien and Molkenbuhr, or whether
they are men who have come to the
labor movement from other classes,
like Marx and Engels, Lassalle and
Liebknecht, Kautsky and Bernstein,
Singer and VonYollmar, Sudekum,
Lindeman and David: Consequently
there is no foolish attempt to divide
the organization into, "proletarians"
and intellectuals." On the contrary,
continuous campaign Of education is
carried on through the press. the lee
ture bureau and special education Nor-
ganizations to make 'intelleetuals" of
the whole working class.
Power.
Indeed, the great and lasting i'm
preston that one gets of the German
working class is that it is demonstrate
ing by its achievements it's right and
power to supplant the present ruling
classes. It is building up the most
perfect political and economic organi-
zation of the masses that the world
has ever seen; it is steadily raising
the standard of living and the stan
dard Of education and culture among
the mass of the people; it is produc-
ing a splendid self-reliant citizenship
with strong character and high ideals.
No one who has been on the ground
can have the slightest doubt that the
workers of Germany are going to win
in their great struggle to establish
an industrial and social democracy.
They are going to win because they
are practical idealists working in har-
mony with the laws of social evolu-
ton, because they combine logged
determination and courage with splen-
did self-control, and because they
unite high grade intelligence with
thorough political and economic or.
ganization.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
~ he Disaster
OUUl Occurred

The disaster at Austin, Pa, where
through the bursting of dam, one
hundred and fifty people lost their
lives, was primarily due to economic
conditions. This is shown by the re-
marks of number of the survivors.
of which the following is fair sam
pie:
The concensus OF opinion In the
town almost always has been that the
dam was unsafe. People have been
afraid Of it, but no protest has been
made, because the Bayless Pulp and
Paper Company mill, supposed to be
the largest Of its kind in the world,
was the life Of the town.
That IS, workers in the mill were
afraid to complain for fear that they
would lose their jobs. The possibility
Of death BY drowning was not as bad
as the great danger Of death by starva-
ton. Land owners in Austin were
silent for fear the Bayless Pulp and
Paper Company would take some acs
ton that would depreciate land
values. So the danger was allowed
to continue until the disaster came.
It is useless to denonnce the Bay
less Company. The individuals com
posing that concern were no more
negligent than nine-tenths Of those de-
nouncing them would have been in
their place.
It is useless to denounce the state
ofacials charged with the duty Of in
specfion. The most conscientious in
snector Is unable to protect people
rom economic conditions they insist
on unfolding.
10 have put that dam II condition
s. that il would have been strong
enough to resist az unusually large
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
SOME DEFINITIONS.
(Ry John N. Work.

What is Socialism!
Sometimes when we speak of So
cialism we merely refer to the Social
list movement or to Socialist senti-
ment. For example, when we say. that
Socialism is growing. @S
Again, in using the word Socialism.
we mean. the. analysis which we So
cialists make Of the Industrial system.
For instance, when We speak of scien-
tifc Socialism.
But, usually, when we use the word
Socialism, we mean the social or col
lectiye system OF industry Which we
Socialists are attempting to introduce.
In the latter sense, Socialism means
the collective ownership and control
Of those industries which are now used
by capitalists for the DnrpOse of get
ting for themselves most Of the earn
ings OF the working masses.
BY capitalism, we mean the present
capitalist or wage system Of industry,
wherein the mills, mines, factories.
railroads, and mercantile institutions.
are owned by private capitalists who
hire people to do the work and pay
them a fraction of the value Of their
labor.
The word capitalist Is very often
misunderstt ID.
When you speak of capital, NOSE
people think of money. They have an
idea that money: is. the only capital
there Is.
But money capital is only a small
portion Of the total capital.
Capital, as a rule. consistsof prop
Eerty-Of industries industries that
are used for the purpofe Of making
more money, and Of exploiting II out
of other people.
The words exploit and exploitation.
which are SO frequently met with in
Socialist literature. are very often not
understood at All
BY exploitation We mean this thing
Of few capitalists getting nearly all
the earning Of the working masses By
owning the things which they have
10 uses Or which they have 10 have.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26

Recently there has been so much
public criticism of the Boy Scout
movement that its promoters are be.
ginning to deny that the organization
is of military character. Mr.. c. de
Vidal Hundt, commander Of Boy
Scouts of Southern California, in a
published article in the Los Angeles
Examiner, denies the military nature
of the movement. AS quoted by the
Santa Paula Chronicle, he says:
'eThe Boy Scouts are not military
organization. Our military drills are
given for the purpose of discipline and
order and with the object in view to
produce an erect carriage and develop
the boys breathing apparatus and
muscles.
.aThe Boy Scouts are peace scouts.
At one of the recent scout encamp-
ments a young lady who had been
watching the boys said if she. ever
married she would try to get a boy
scout, because boy scouts can cook
buttons. Which only goes to prove
their own meals and sew their own
that the scouts will be fully prepared
to avoid wars, domestic or otherwise. "
Now, the movement in California
may be that innocent sort as to have
for its sole object the development of
the boys physically, and to teach them
to cook and sew on their buttons, but
it is very certain that its organizers
had, and still have in view, quite q
different object. Let US now briefly
allude to the history of the move
ment:
The Associated Press says that the
Car of Russia, about two years ago,
gave orders that the $4,000 boys be-
tween the ages of IL and Is years in
the elementary schools should receive
military training. Gen. Baden-P Powell
induced the Gar to change his plans
and adopt the "Boy Scout Plan" as
laid down in Gen. Baden-P owelps
book. Army officers therefore organ
lied, the past year, great many
thousands of the peasant boys. The
Associated Press Of september 10th
gives an account of brilliant review
of these Scouts by the Emperor re-
Gently at st. Petersburg. The account
says:
The Emperor and several of the
grand dukes, including Michael Alex
androvich, formerly heir presumptiVe
to the throne, with brilliant suite OF
generals, all on horseback, rode down
getting the regular salute from each
company, replying to it, and getting
in response an enthusiastic response
Of youthful hurrahs.
A thrilling sight were the faces OF
the youngsters as they marched past
their Emperor with eyes keen on car
rying away COED picture. of him, and
a note Of contagious enthusiasm was
carried to the thousands of spectators
in their parting salute: I'VE are eager
to excefi, your imperial majesty.
The Emperor and his cabinet are so
pleased with results so far that steps
are being taken to enlarge the move
ment. The despatch further says:
These Juvenile regiments are to be I'M
der instructions of regular army oins
ecrs. SO that the boys will be taught
the rudiments of warfare as ,practlceo
in this twentieth century.
First and foremost, it Is thought tnat
the. military training provided in the
schools win awaken interest IN the
army at an early age and thus tend TO
facilitate the transformation OF raw
machines. Hopes are also entertained
recruits into perfect human lighting
that the early awakening OF entnusl-
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
NHESE are stirring days IN Europe.
Scarcely a week passes without

IpHN HBSH are stirring days in Europe
Scarcely week passes without
news Of some great strike, some
popular demonstration o. some Social
list victory. The workers, doWnatrod
den and exploited for generations, al
last are realizing their power, and
are boldly attacking the citadels Of
tyranny and oppression. To be sure
strikes; demonstrations and Socialist
victories are no new thing in Europe.
But never before have the masses
been SO generally discontinued. never
before have they been SO thoroughly
Eorganizd, and never befoer have they
been so intelligent. and ready to
march forward to victory.
Organizations.
Probably the best organized section
Of this great international army Of la.
Dor is to be found in Germany. The
German workers have been building
up their political economic and educa-
ltional EXAMINATIONS patiently and per
sistently in. the face Of Tremendous
opposition. until today they have a
well-balanced labor movement which
is a model for all the world.
Political.
On the political field the German
workers are represented by the So
ciaist party, which has $4,000 dues
paying members, including 107, 1000
women, and which polled in the last
general election over $3.50, 900. votes.
On the economic field they are repre-
sented by the trades unions, which, al
together, have nearly 100000 mem-
bers. About 2,275, 900 Of these workers
are in the Free trade unions, which
work hand in hand with the Socialist
party. These unions have magnificent
labor temples in most Of the large
cities, which are the headquarters for
Labor and Socialist activities. In
some cases these centers, which be
long entirely to the trade unions and
the Socialist party, have cost over
$500, 900.
co-operatives.
In addition to the Socialist party
and the trade unions the German
workers have built up powerful CO
operative movement which already
II
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26


that the allurements. or what in their
Ignorance, seems more attractive. en-
snare them to their ruin. There
should be no freedom of contract on
Ethe part Of employer or employe.
when human life and human virtue
and happiness are in the balance. An
interference IS justihable BY the state
at all times. when such conditions ex-
ist as wreck human beings. Until
through an enlightened conscience we
are able to abolish utterly this moloch
|of capitalism every possible EFFORT
should be made for the better protec-
ton; through the law. Of that ever
swelling army Of children and young
women, utterly defenseless, except as
society defends them.
It is most encouraging to see how
the working woman herself is awaken
Ing In her own behalf The sure way
out Of the tragedy OF her condition
must come through her own efforts.
Joined with those OF her own class.
When her power IS unionized it be-
comes dynamic The sooner she
realizes this fact The quicker win her
morn Of freedom dawn.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26

can secure the blanks by. writing to
the National Headquarters, Socialist
Party, EOS w. Washington st. Chicago.
Ill.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
| Labor Legislation EffeGtRg Women and Children
Gay Mary E Garbutt.

- - H. =.
q nns sn's' 2 snalo could en-
- las's s. ~ ass q lnlrteen;
'eas ~ sau'asu 8 e aple g read q
@liss psao' : e1ss.'ns' anu as the age
oo,,,a Il s,o,,,,sz,ad s 49,, ~. 81. g alass
~ s,ohts 4 s,,s wasr 49, = asas ;. g
- ,eoassa,., ,tss,, &c. 80 & ssl,'
m an,r,ora,. ,,,assl,, ss s, 8 - 49,
amdov,t g =, 20 - 80
S Nav Val 90, ~ 80 ,;,s,.
sonrtaar 49, &C., 700 A 81. s
dar sivtssr ,,os,s -, -. ~
s,,,ant,,, s,,d ,,,4 80 q e,
s;,ss, s5s,,.s -, 5
.;vtaoT a., ,aaa,,,, 80 = 8 s.
,o,oo1 - ~ i, 8, ,s.ss.1
{. ~ $3.50
$ yarst taso,a, $3.50 =. 1919 s,.s '',.asIs =. :
W. oanast assasa, 80 ~ 80 49,.
,,oaaaa;a, 1919 -. s,
$500 ,a.s;.,,t;, Z $, 5 Is 49, -
S L, 81 -
,,,,s.sss s. ;,,..e,.ss, sss. 3. 49,. -
eo,,d,t;o,, i, ,,t, ~, S
raising Of minimum age, eliminating
of night work and exclusion from haz-
ardous empioyments.
Endeavors to secure uniform
state child tabor law are being made
by the joint efforts of State Commits
sioners of Labor, the organization of
lawyers and the National Civic Fed.
Grafton. This law as formulated pro-
hibits labor of all children under four
teen years Of age in any kind Of ser
vice during school term, and even
when schools are not in session, in
any mill or in any work injurious to
health or morals Of such children;
employment of children under eighs
teen in connection with blast furn-
aces, docks, wharves and other named
hazardous and dangerous occupations;
prohibits any one under twenty-one as
a messenger before i've a. M or after
ten p. M, nor more than eight hours
each day; prohibits employment Of
boys under sixteen or girls under
eighteen at night or longer than eight
hours in twenty-four.
such a uniform law for the various
States will prevent the threats Of
manufacturers to remove their plants
to another state when any effort is
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1911-10-26
SOCIALIST EQUAL
SUFFRAGE PETITION

True to their tenets, as proclaimed
in their National and International
declarations, the Socialist Party of
the United States is circulating pc
+tition by means of which, they VIII de-
mand Suffrage for women. The petit
ton is a sfollows:
eve, the undersigned citizens Of the
United States, over 81 years of age,
hereby request you to submit to the
legislatures of the several states for
ratification, an amendment to the Ma
'tional Constitution which shall enable
women to vote in all elections upoa
the same terms as men," .y. g
This is being circulated in the fac
tories, stores, offices, schools, churches
and homes throughout the United
States. Labor Unions and women's
clubs and other progressive organiza-
lions are working for it. Both men
and women are urged to sign it. and
make this the largest petition ever
presented to the United States Con-
gress.
When the signatures have been Sc
cured, the Socialist Congressman.
victor Z. Berger. stands ready, not
only to present the petition, but to in
troduce the necessary amendments to
make its provisions q part of the
United States Constitution.
Every person who desires to circu-
late the petition and help to make
doubIy sure. its unqualified success,
flood would have cost considerably.
To have forced the Bayless Company
to stand that expense might have
forced the shutdown Of the mill or
it's removal from the town. Would not
public sentiment in Austin have over.
whelmingly condemned any inspector
who would have caused such q
catastrophe?
AS long as an economic system Is
maintained under which workers
must depend on the favor Of few
privileged ones for chance to earn
their living, so viii it be vain to devise
ways and means to protect them from
dangers from which they might, under
different conditions. protect them
selves The responsibility Tor the
Austin disaster rests as heavily on
the victims and survivors who have Re-.
fused to use their political power to
change economic conditions as on the
officers Of the Bayless Company or on
the lax 0fIicial inspectors.