The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-09
Est. Louis Republican,

Sctous aid in the great system Is the
cotton-tal rabbit and guinea pig.
These animals are not set on the trail
OF the murderer. but just effectively
their bodies to the manufacture OF SER
am used In tests.
Probably the leading authority in
this line OF work IL Prof. E. Friedbers.
er. Of the Berlin university. who has
for years devoted hts energies exeiu.
sively to research of blood and kindred
ANALYSIS. 1t Is Prof. Friedberger who
predicts for the lei few years per-
lection Of a process for exact identi-
ficatton Of individual human blood.
In he United States the work has
been pushed BY several scientists. chief
among whom Is DR.. R. B. H. 9radwohl
OF st. Louis. Though still a young
man. DR.. Gradwohl has worked with a
number Of the leading European spe.
cialtsts. and his original research in
blood analysis and its practical appti-
cation has caused favorable comment
in this country and abroad.
For the identification Of human
blood the process seems apparently
careful technique II satisfactory re-
suits are to be obtained. But the SIM
picity was only arrived at after years
of experiment, and the expenditure of
untold sums.
In addition to the specific results
aimee at by the tlreless Investigations,
numerous interesting facts were de-
Heloped. many Of which tend to sup
port the theories Of evolution and the
descent Of man. given BY Darwin and
otner biologists OF the last century.
The persistence Of the chemical
blood relationship between the various
groups Of animals serves to carry the
investigator back into geological times,
n work along these lines is still in
its infancy. Scientists are convinced II
vii! lead to valuable results in the
problem Of evolution.
After finding that human blood
would give a certain reaction under
given conditions, 1t was necessary to
any other creature would act likewise.
For a blood spot, on which as evidence
the life OF a man might hang, could
possibly be that Of an OK, dog or bird.
So scientists Set out to gather speci-
mems Of blood Of animals from every
section and part Of the world. In this
special work George n. F. Nuttall Of
Cambridge university, took the leading
part. Backed by the British govern
ment. which gave him an unlimited
expense account for his investigation,
he gathered over 1000 different kinds
OF bloods. all Of which he subjected
to the precipitation test.
OF all these the only one showing
a reaction like that Of the human
blood from specimens from certain
rare apes. chimpanzees, ourang.out-
angs and gorilias.
In and about Missouri there are no
wandering sorillas or apes to murder
people. an in Edgar Allen Poe's IA
mona f0ya m thnf fnN al ~-AnAl~~N
purposes the test for human blood
is specific enough to be the hnal word
in any court Of Justice.
Another valuable point Il that neith-
er age nor smallness of the spot to be
can interfere with carrying
the investigation to a successful and
certain conclusion. As much human
blood az could be dried on the point Of
a pin can be as positively identified as
though It we're a whole bucketfull.
To demonstrate that the age Of 4
specimen counted nothing, and that
time does not change the chemical ac-
ton Of human blood. spots on weapons
in the museum OF the tower Of Lon
don were subjected to the test and
gave . perfect reaction. showing be.
yond cavil that they had been stained
by the life fluid OF ms
According to Dr. Gradwohl. the pos
~ k1kC6o OISCOSotIeS n6Se
opened are practically limitless. While
exact application u still ome
what visionary. just as IL the future Of
a~eroplanes and commercial naviRa-
ton Of the air. still what has already
been done takes much from the realm
Of the improbable.
In Germany the principle has been
put to commercial use in the detection
Of adulteration OF meat products. The
doc r.h h~NAD A- ~- --. A.
ground into sausage has passed. BY
aid of science German food inspectors
can tell positively whether Fido and
Dobbin help to NIL sausage skins. or
whether their contents are really good
beef and pork. Had this discovery
been available to the Chicago authori-
ties a few years ago things In the Ease
Of Lutgart whose wife was believed to
have been minced n the sausage mill.
might have been made much clearer,
and Justice considerably expedited.
The police all over the world have
been confronted by numerous cases
where. had they been able to positively
identify blood spots. conviction Of
murderers would have been q com.
parauvely simple matter. In numer.
Gus European cities, especially In Ger
many and France. Laboratories for
blood tests are soon TO become q fizsd
ASsAAAS " hS SVDSSOkVB y 8VD0xxs
mont.
Prof. Friedbsrser Of Berlin, say, In
his belief It will be . matter Of only .
few FEARS before the method Of iden.
tifying Individual blood will b
brought to such perfection - to make
all tests conclusive.
An important feature Of the tests
lies In that they are not really tests
OF blood. but OF albumen. The reac-
ton in the entisefa - produced by the
albumen In human blood. or in that
Of animals. and not from any other
constituent of the fluid.
Briefly. the method used Is 10 in.
feet a rabbit with human blood. From
four to six injections are made into the
veins of h rabbit. which ts then left
to pursue the even tenor Of its way
during several days, while the serum
u forming In II.
At the n Of q given time the rab.
bit 10 required to give up about q dog.
en- thimbefuS Of It's blood. which are
drawn from the ear ana caught In a
steriliS>d glass test tube. This Is
placed into q centrifugal apparatus
and whirled around at On indescrib.
ably fast speed for . few minutes. Tho
result Of the centrifugal acuon IL TO
separate the solid from the LIQUID
parts Of tho blood and the former are
gathered 1t the bottom OF the tube.
leaving the serum as . sort Of iikht.
pinkish LIQUID at the top. This liauid
. decanted and placed in. . series Of
smaller tubes. diluted from 1000 to
10000 times.