The Holbrook news., 1911-12-22

ity treaty gave rise has been for some time engaging world
 wide attention.
 In a half century, almost unnoticed Canada has attained a startling growth. It seems only few years ago that, amid dissension and rebel lion, she was struggling for confeder ation and responsible government The patriotic fight of the great Will liam Lyon Mackenzie is almost cur rent history and a great many of those who remember the British North American act of 1S67-the act which gave Canada a federal govern ment-are still hale and hearty citi- zens of Britain's richest colony.
 The first premier of the great Do minion, Sir John A. Macdonald, is scarcely figure of the past. He was active in the political life of his coun- try until 20 years ago. The sound of his voice is still fresh in the minds of Canada's most prominent, present day statesmen. The rapid rise of the Dominion of Canada, from a few scattered settlements to a country of wealth and population. has been re- markable.
 While the two great peoples of the American continent, those of the United States and Canada, have waxed strong under the influence of a progressive policy which is peculiar to this hemisphere they have done so along widely diverging lines. The governmental systems of both coun- tries, which at first glance may seem alike and which are founded upon the principle of popular representation, are vastly different. The civic af- fairs of the United States rest upon three distinct divisions of govern ment, the executive, the legislative and the judicial, while the Canadians, profting by the deficiencies as well as the good points of ths American constitution, drafted a government of party responsibility in which the three great divisions of their neigh bor's civic structure were welded in to one. The Canadian political meth cd is the newest development of con stitutional government and it's origin and success form one of the most interesting chapters of recent history.
 The keynote of the Canadian the ory of government is party responsi- bility. All civic branches are respon- sible to the party in power and the party in power Is directly responsible to the people While formally the legislature consists of two bodies the house of commons and the sen ate-the country is practically gov erned by one assembly, the house of commons, for the senate is a negligi- ble quantity in the practical civic op- erations of Canada. The governor general, who formally presides over all and who is the representative of the king, theoretically appoints the premier, but, in reality, he always chooses the man whom the parlia- mentary situation requires.
 The premier must be a member of the house and must be elected to his seat from a regular riding or constitu- ency. In him are united the offices of speaker of the house and major ity leader. The members of the cab met must also be members of the commons and they are elected to parliament by the people of their own riding. The Canadian ministry consists of the premier and his cab inet and this combination is popular ly known as "the government"
 When a Party Loses.
 When the Canadian party in power loses its majority in the house. through a split in its ranks over some political question or through loss of popular confidence at an election, the opposition goes into power and its official leader immediately and auto matically becomes premier. the gov ernor general always calling on him to form a new government. If the | Canadian system. prevailed in the United States President Taft and the members of his cabinet would have | to be members of the house of rep 
 The Dominion of Canada is gov erned always by the party in power and the executive and legislative | powers of his party are recognized by the people For every act or pro posal '-the government" or party in power is directly responsible to the | house of commons and to the Cana iian people and If, in any of its acts pr proposals it fails to meet with the approval of the house, or the people, t steps down from power and the opposition takes control as party. It s because of this policy that the iberal party went to the people with .ha v-ecfOrocftv fssue
 In the beginning of Canada's p0-