davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

vised that proper study Of this class OF
criminals would be Of service to the COM
monwealth; and, finally. that DIR. North,
SUPERINTENDENT of the Dannemora state
Hospital for the Insane. complained to the
Prison Association that from time to time
his institution received patients from the
reformatores who were defective that
they could not by any possibility enter the
hospital routine and benefit by it,
"All which goes to prove what nave
been arguing" responded DR.. Maier, dryIy'
THAT II would be far better for the nation
a. well as for the detectives themselves
had they never been born. or had they beeh
born later as normal individuals OF healthy
mothers for the inmates OF those institu-
tions you've mentioned are largely recruited
from the poorer classes and are usually
members Of large families. Very frequently
q mother Will have a defective child when
she IS below par, and some years later
when her health has improved, VIII nave
a perfectly normal one
what effect has the mans condition up
on his offspring?" asked his visitor Are
YOU in favor Of the law recently enacted IN
Indiana which compels all men to submit
10 a physical examination before marriage
license will be issued?'
81 am-heartily in favor Of IT. and thinK
there should be a thorough blood examina-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
GROWING OLD YOUNG
Expert Says Poverty Is the Chief
Cause of Old Aqe.

do You Want to Stay Young" is the
title OF an article in the July champions
written by Dr. Woods Hutchinson in which
that medical authority declares that the
only pains and penalties OF old age that
are TO be dreaded are those brought upon
us by our own individual misfortunes or
our folies. Then he declares:
There is no way Of preventing old age
itself. save BY the rather heroic remedy Of
dying early-which is scarcely worth while
for this purpose alone II is perfectly pos
sible. however to prevent most of the
limitations and cripplings which alone
make old age TO be dreaded, by the exer-
else OF our intelligence and our dete; nina
ton Many If not most. of the changes we
associate with age. which We have in mind
when We think OF growing old, which in
our pompouS. technical term!nclogy we al
Jude 10 as 'senilc degencratious,' are the
result of infectious diseases and bad by
sienic habits.
For Instance, remote at first .lght as the
connection may seem. hiniiuS together
with ore Ink our first and our second
childhood, many of the Disabilities o. Old
age are the results of those lightly yesa d.
ed and almost despsed Inject rs called
'ch!ldrcn's diseases and Common colds
II seems ludcrous to think OF grand
father who has not fully recovered from
! the measles or Of n grandmother who Is
{ still suffering from the effects Of whoop!ny
cough but such long-delayed Nemcses as
these are OF painfully frequent occurrence.
Even the so-called dulling OF the old
mans senses-the failure OF his hearing
the dimminS OF his eyosight, is due nine
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

the Promo ton OF Purity. And, besides
where could be found any body or com-
mittee whose members would agree on tIe
degree OF effectiveness that would JUSTLY
sterilization? Sir Isaac Newton was phys
icallv very defective; Samuel Johnson was
in many respects mentally defective; Jean
Jacoues Rousseau was defective morally
Ibsen was declared By Max Nordau 10 Do
a moral degenerate. and the list OF serious
" defective great men could be indefinitely
extended.
"Instead OF expanding so much time and
thought on the effect of inherited degener-
acy, it would be well to consider little
the mich greater effect Of acquired de-
generacy. since for every one case of In
heritcd degeneracy there are probably ten
cases that have been acquired.
I'VE have the authority of DR.. Noble Tor
the statement and we have learned by our
own observation that bad environment
alone will often arrest the development OF
the growing child Of normal ancestry and
result I'm what is technically called 'devel'
oomental hypoplasia'-a kind Of under de-
yelopment. Dr. Noble mentions as the
chief causes of this acquired degeneracy
the acute affections bad sanitary condi-
tons and ma nutrition, the result OF I'M
proper or insufficient food. But he could
have summed up all this as truly aho
more simply in one word, Poverty. There
is little doubt that poverty is the one mos,
potent cause OF acquired degeneracy.
ITO do away with this kind Of degener'
acy we must abolish poverty. When We
/ feed the people wen starye the prisons
when Father Vaughan said the empt!
cradle and the empty church we're the tive
! greatest problems of modern life he prob
, ably had in mind the wealthy class. Ht
| says that women no longer want the trou
| BILE of rearing children-they interfere too
/ much with their pleasures and figures. Blu
/ | believe that true only of some so-calleC
/ society women.
Father Vaughan thinks also that th'
new demand of women for equality wit
men will necessarily lessen their power II
the triple role of wife, mother and house
keeper for which they are best fitted.
Perhaps IT will. and perhaps 1t won't
Let US wait till they get their rights an'
see. II they prove to be wrongs tn
ladies will drop back into the old rut-s
why need we worry? Let them vote:
! will be much like letting them eat whel
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

not take care of a family and those "no
are incompetent
"Now. II the lives even on these shsn'''
detective unfortunates were wiped out there
,sr,t tho smallest doubt that the very Few
fortunate competents who would be lei'
wou,d form an extremely select ana nish
order of beings. But Mrs Christopner
seers 70 forget that the merely stupid are
,.e, quite ,mportant and valuable members
NJ any community. Why, even cows o&e"'
cats horses, sheep. goats and asses arc
useful!
"ReaIlv every one Is defective In some
wav-has some moral, mental or neat"
tain, IL mans defect is moral ana 80
creat as TO lead to his habitually DreaKihs
! a statute law. he should be restrained ana
nerhaps sterilizeJ. II it Is mental pu'
nbysical soundness remains. he may sun DC
useful as a laborer. and might have healthy
children. particularly II he were married 10
woman quite up to the mental standard.
| And lastly, many persons VINO are phys
icolv degenerate have succeeded In the
mast and do now succeed most brilliantly
in ,,.srious pursuits demanding primarily
high mentality
| "Norevore it Is interesting to note tha'
| according to Or. Charles +. Noble the OH
spring OF degenerate stock may within three
or four generations be brought back nearly
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

times out Of ten to ailments Of Childhood
The failure OF his hearing is due 10 sue
cessive attacks OF uncured or untreatN
colds, which spread from his throat upp
his Eustachian tube TO the drum and ne
bones Of his middle ear; the dimmns d
nis eyesight is due TO that decay Of th
vitality Of the centre Of the crystalbns
lens which we call cataract. deeI
caused by the infection shocks end over
work and underfeeding strains OF life
"rhree-quarters OF the cripplinss y
old men or women. which chain them
their chairs or make their old bones
torture 10 them half the night long. are
not due 10 any normal or necessary proS.
ess corrected with advancing years. pI
to some form OF rheumatism which is a..
most invariably an infection or the resu.!
CT some form OF infectious disease. II yVa
have the good fortune or the good manage
ment TO avoid tonSilitis influenza. pneunc
MIA. typhoid fever. pus Infections and w,
nereal diseases. you will have ayolaei
three-quarters OF your risks of stiNehsa
limbs and swollen joints IN your decllnins
years-to say nothing OF paralysis near.
disease. Brights disease. cirrhosls OF "a,
liver ard arterioscleross in adult life an'
middle age.
'Of course. as yet IL is not within human
power to avoid all or even a majority o. 2.
tntse ma,adies and mlStOrtuneS, Out
becoming more and more nearly 50 even
day. The fewer you have OF them the oe..
ter your chances for escaping these .s,er
c:ippOngS and degenerations. Every mis-
tcvS disease that you can cross on yos.
Vita slate means five more chances on US
scale Of one hundred for a happy and CON,
Portable old age. This is especially true q
those calamities whose avoidance Is wtu,s
the nower of every Onc-the so-calle9 '.
nereal diseases. An Old mans cohSOiouu. ~.
may not worry him much but nature nAs
other methods Of evening UP that score,
"Cn the other hand. all the so-e@ u,..
senile changes may be produced al w ny.
FULLY premature period-and In actual w..
are so produced with painful frequency,
by either underfeedirg or oyerwork ~ "a,
early age, or by confinement IN toa o. o.
without proper exercise The nlosi IVY, I,
and common cause OF old age. IN idSs \,
that delightful combination Of al mr. 80 :,
these degrading influences which mas v,,
exalted by religion into means o. IAN,
! under the title OF poverty IL you rs" ~
10 live 10 a good and comfortab.e GU -
don't be poor.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
CANNING WHALE MEAT
How the Japanese Utilize Sea
Monsters for Food.
NOTHING GOES TO WASTE
Clever Methods of Handling Car
cases Contrived by Nip
pom Whalers.
IF THE European and American people
III .a..nn+ L. +ho r,nint ~

IF THE European and American people
could be educated TO the point Of eat
Il ing the canned flesh of animals which
individually yield as much as $1,000 pounds OF
neat, what wonderful food supply would
be within reach of the poor IN our great
cities! In Japan this has actually been ac-
complished, and hundreds of tons of whale
flesh are sold in the markets Of all the
large towns and villages 10 people who
would otherwise have little variety 10 their
diet Of rice and fish, says Roy Chapman, in
THE National Geographical Magazine
p. in the Island Empire shore-whaling as
n great industry has developed during the
last fifteen years, but nowhere else in the
world are the by-products so perfectly util-
lied The japanese have not only extract
cd the best from the European methods OF
preparing whales and adapted it to their
peculiar needs. but have also added much
from their own experience. which whale
men OF other nations would do well TO rec
ognize.
THE Japanese stations are usually stu
ated in or near one OF the little fishing
villages which dot the islands in every bay
or harbor. In some instances the whales
are drawn out OF the water upon a slip
In the manner learned from the Norwe-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

"The first whale which l saw cut in by
the Japanese was an enormous sulphur
bottom, 50 feet long. l had been at sea
for several DAYS on one of the ships, ana
as we swung into the bay from the open
ocean. the whistle echoing among the nils
gave warning OF our coming. The little
vessel, towing a carcass almost as long as
herself. ploughed slowly up TO the wharf,
and after a rope from the shore mad Deeh
made fast TO the fukes Of the whale,
dropped II into the water and backed OH
TO anchor In the bay.
Immediately heavy chain was made
fast about the body, just forward OF the
tail. the winch started, and the whale
drawn slowly into the air over the end oil
the wharf. AS it came upward the eager
cutters attacked it, slicing off enormous
blocks Of flesh and blubber. which were
at once seized by hookmen' and drawn TO
the back OF the platform. Meanwhile TWO
other cutters were at work in a 'sampan
dividing the carcass just forward OF the
dorsal fin. The entire posterior part OF the
whale was then drawn upward and lowered
on the wharf to be stripped of blubber and
flesh. Transverse missions were made in the
portion of the body remaining in the water,
q hook fastened 10 a blanket piece, and as
the blubber was torn off by the winch the
carcass rolled over and over. The disjoint-
ed head was hoisted bodily on to the pier.
Section by section the carcass was cut
apart and drawn upward to fall into the
hands of the men on the wharf and be
sliced into great blocks two or three feet
square.
men, women and girls laughing and chat
terng, running here and there. sometimes
stopping for a few words Of banter. but
each with his, or her. own work to do.
Above the babel OF sounds. the strange,
half-wid. meaningless chant. 'Ya-ra-cu
ra-sa.' rose and died away. swelling again
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
THE CITY AND THE COUNTRY.

Again. IL makes a considerable differ
enoe whether wives live in the city or in
the country. on farm mother can
more easily and economically take care OF
and provide for a greater number Of chill
dren There, as the youngsters grow up
they help more than they hinder. But this
IS not equally true of city life, where fresh
air fresh meat, eggs. milk and vegetables
cannot be so readily or SO cheaply OBJ
tanned"
I'm my experience as obstetrcian to st.
Marks I've had many cases of women
about to be confined who were so weak,
enarnic and emaciated that they could
hardly stand: and 1t isn't likely. though II
is possible. that such women will have
healthy children.
Women differ physically very much. and
there is such a drain upon her who bears
a child that a great many women do not
make good their loss within two years. So
{, often happens that when the second child
follows the first TOO closely the former,
through not getting sufficient nourishment
from the exhausted mother. is born defec-
tive.
certainly no rule for child bearing 10
AZ all cases and classes could be framed
some women should never have any chill
dren: others should have not more tnan
two or three: and still others can have
safely a dozen or more, and bequeath 70
each perfect health. But 1t is imperative
that the child bearer he in healthy con-
dition: for the environment Of every I'M
born is the body of its mother. Time and
again I have warned oyerworked mothers
not 10 have any more children until their
physical condition should improve.
I'm your experience" said l. which
children have you found TO be. ss rule
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

to the normal standard through the infusion
Of better blood added by a favoring environ
ment The choosing Of the fit by the unit
or natural selection is the process by which
the race IS continually regenerated and the
physical standard maintained. Thus the
blood OF the so-called common people, VINO
are usually the fit, if the term be under
stood to include physical and moral as well
as mental life, ftas been oftentimes instru-
mental. through the known tendency OF
opposites to attract, In saving the aristoc-
racy from extinction SO when the idle
ne'er-do-well, probably degenerate but
whose forbears were aristocrats selects for
a wife a rosy checked lass from the army
of honest workers. while he may not he
doing well for himself socially physically
he is doing the very best thing possible for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
Geographic Magazine.

dominant note in the great reform is
sense of economic ruin. The best lands OF
the empire have been given TO the poppy
a non-useful. not to say ruinous, crop.
The population has been increasing and
food production decreasing. Famines have
continued for long periods In one district
and another district in the same province.
with sufficient supply. has been unable 20
send relief because of lack OF transporta-
ton. BY the use OF opium the strength Of
the people has been Slapped to below the
earning point In thousands OF cases.
To realize the magnitude OF China's ac-
complishment 1t is necessary to consider
some of the difficulties. which have been
Titanic. With the poppy to be swept from
the fields OF every province and almost
every district, with thousand walled
cities, a hundred thousand towns and a
million hamlets to be freed from opium.
together with the vast stretches of country
and the defies Of the mountains where the
blind tiger" lies In wait for his victim,
the task OF suppression has been stupen-
dous. The reformers have been met In
places with hoes and ptchforks. and the
la W has not been enforced without blood
shed. The physical difficulties alone have
been such as We who live In more highly
developed portion OF the world can scarcely
comprehend. China has few railroads. and
I'm some sections the worst roads on the
globe. Into such country the reform had
to penetrate. 1t must not be forgotten also
that China Is made up OF twenty-one semi
dependent provinces besides dependencies
with a separate army. a separate fiscal
system and different manners and GUS
toms. In such disjointed federation al
this uniform effort had TO be made.-Rosa
J Pondleton Chiles In the July Forum.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
THE PASSING OF OPIUM
Difficulties Overcome When China De-
cided To Be Rid of It.

Japan, Insignificant I'm size compared
with China and supporting a people OF the
same race, fought one Of the greatest wars
In modern history and defeated a first class
power OF Europe. At once China was on
fire II Japan had done this thing. why
could not she do as much and more? one
great reason was opium. Men cannot
achieve glory In the opium dens and out
OF this humiliating consciousness was born
n determination to be rid Of opium. But
though the moral idea has gripped the
Chinese mind and conscience and the de-
sire to share in world Progress and power
have been stimulated to high degree. the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
CROSS SECTION OF THE HEAD OF A SPERM WHALE.

perhaps it is most frequently chopped fine
ly. mixed with vegetables, and eaten raw.
dressed with brown sauce.
I'm the summer when II is impossible to
ship the meat to any distance, because OF
the heat much Of 1t is canned The flesh Is
cooked in great kettles, and the cars made.
packed aud labelled at the stations.
1T is most unfortunate that prejudice
prevents whale meat from being sold In
Europe and America. 1t could not. Of
course. be sent fresh TO the large cities;
but, canned in the japanese fashion, II Is
vastly superior 10 much OF the beef and
other timed foods now on sale in our mar
kets In New Zealand the Messrs. Cook
Brothers, who have developed a most ex-
traordinary method Of capturing humpback
whales in wire nets. can great deal OF
meat and ship IL To the South Sea Islands.
where II is sold TO the natives.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
Dr. Otto Maer Has Found This To Be the Rule, and He
Gives Here Some Hints the Fruit of His Experience,
on the Matter of Progeny for Persons of Differing
Status in the Scale of Prosperity.
BY G. Elliot Flint.

OW many children should a woman
II have? That is moot question TO-
day and is provoking lot of dis
cussion. The argument that large families
are desirable-arst. on economic grounds;
second. from a health standpoint and,
third on the principle Of 1.-The greatest
happiness TO the greatest number'-has
called forth widely diverse opinions from
doctors and political economists.
So the writer believing it would interest
readers of The Tribune 10 hear what
high medical authority would have to say
on this subject. dropped in to see DR.. Otto
Maier. whose long practical experience as
obstetrician to ST. Marks Hospital ana
the fact that he is lecturer on diseases OF
children at the POSTGRADUATE Hospital
make his views worthy Of serious consid-
Grafton.
"what do you think" began about eX-
President Eliot's recently expressed oelief
as reported that woman should marry
when she IS twenty-four years old ana
thereafter bear a child every two years
until she reaches the age OF forty?
THAT would give all middle-aged marr.eu
women. allowing for occasional deaths
about six children" said Dr. Maier, mus
fngIy. Hmm. a pretty high average
and many women couldn't stand H. II
strikes me that the eminent cohesiah
dictum IS little too sweeping. 1t wouiu
make delicate women bear as regularly as
robust ones and would force poor men TO
feed as many mouths the richest men
THE man who can. under present eco
nomic conditions. support adequately by
his earnings wife and even SIX cmldren
is not Of average but Of superior ability
Therefore. most men being only of average
ability the proposed six or eight children
in most families would generally be in
adequately clothed and nourished / don't
see Just how this large number Of semi
starved and therefore probably defective
people would benefit the race.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
A MOST COMPLEX PROBLEM.

1T seems to me that, IN the face Of this
fact of probable regeneration through nat
ural selection II degenerate stock, the whole
sale sterilization Of men who are even Sc
riously defective is an ethical problem OF
extreme completely which cannot be set
tied onhand even by such an able organi-
cation as the National Christian League for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

in a fierce chorus as the sweating. half
naked men pulled and strained at a great
jawbone or swung the UNDERGROUND
chunks Of flesh into the waiting hand
cars, which carried them to the washing
watts. Sometimes a kimona-clad. bare-footed
girl slipped on the oily boards or treach-
erous. sliding, biubber cakes and sprawled
into a great pool Of blood, rising amid
roars OF laughter TO shake herself. wipe
the red blotches from her little stub nose,
and go on rs merrllY as before
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02

| tho more robust-the first two or three' or
say. the fourth. fifth and sixth?
"The first two or three, replied DR..
Maier promptly. Young married couples
between the ages of twenty-four and thirty
are ant TO have stronger children than
| they will have later in life. The youngest
/ child in a large family is often the weak
est physically, mentally and morally; ana
| while he may appear to be heaIthy ne
| does not show the same resisting power 10
disease which his older brothers and sisters
show. This. Of course, as a rule. There are
many exceptions.
'Tbe chief causes Of effectiveness IN
children. whether that be Of muscle brain
or organ, is deficient nourishment either
before or after birth, and not enough lresh
air and sunlight. insufficient and TOO MUS
variety of food may also produce ricketts,
or abnormally soft bones.
"IIow. then. would you do away with the
present great disproportion in the respec-
tive sizes of poor and of wealthy fami-
lies?"
by educating the poor in the folly OF
having more children than they can pro-
vide for; and by showing the rich that II
they are in health, il is their bounden duty
10 have reasonable number.
sCoFFS AT RACE SUICIDE.
do YOU believe there is any danger OF
race suicide -
DR. Mailer laughed outright. There Is
not now. and there never was the snshtest
danger Of that" he answered. our only
danger is that society will increase 100
raDid,v AT the bottom and not rapidly
enough at the top. .
Are you aware, doctor, that the frison
Association found in a recent investigation
| that an average Of nearly four out OF every
fen inmates Of Elmira Reformatory are oe-
low the ordinary standard OF lnteihgehcc'
! that DIR. Frank Christian, senior physiciai'
of this reformatory. stated at a meeting %
tho Committee on Defective Denhqueh'S'
that his examinations had shown 50 per
/ cent Of the inmates TO be mentally ueIe'-
i've and 70 per cent TO be below the norman
nhvsical standard; that DR.. ROBERT H.
Lamb. superintendent Of Matteawan state
! Hosnital for the Insane, wrote 10 the
| Prison Association that many cases uhdei
! his care are practically on the border hhe
/ hetween criminal and lunatic, sometimes
with intermixing Of the two. and au'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-02
CUTTING UP A BIG ONE.

gians but the more usual way OF CUTTING
IN is a method Of their own adoption