Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1911-03-29
THE ROADS OF THE WHOLE
WORLD MUST BE REMADE
sold mscadan Will No Longer Stand
Strain of Automobile"

Nelson p Lewis. chief engineer of
the board OF estimate of the borough
of Manhattan. New York city. believes
that the roads of every civilized coun-
try will have to be rebuilt because
the old macadam. the best thing until
now for highways. is unable to stand
the grind OF automobiles. Roads will
have to be rebuilt to suit automobiles.
because the automobile is n good thing
for roads OF the kind that can bear its
peculiar pressure. Speaking on this
subject recently. Mr.. Lewis said;
while ! believe that only bitumi
nous substance. such as tar. asphalt or
mineral oil. should be used as binding
material for loose rock and sand in
place Of water and that all our roads
should be relaid. as they must be soon
er or later. many engineers seem to
think that by spreading n cohesive
mixture over the surface of the roads
as they are will be all that is required.
Some others believe that new mac
adam may he laid and the surface
treated with this bituminous mixture
They assume that II will penetrate
through and make the rock fittings
fast
ION one point there Is no disagree
ment II is that no roads anywhere
except those newly built according to
some OF these more modern processes
are able TO withstand automobile traf-
&c. When vehicles were drawn by
horses the only damage done to the
roads was by the horseshoes. The
drawn vehicle was benefit to the
road. having the effect OF n steam roll
er In packing and hardening the sand
and clay
Everywhere the cry OF bad roads
is going up. We are no worse on
than the rest OF the world. 1t Is a
problem which now engages the Sc
rious attention of the French govern
ment, and England, which spent q
hundred years in making her splendid
highways. is now rebuilding them as
fast rs she can to accommodate them
to new conditions.
LIT is quite generally agreed that
some form Of bitumen Is hest adapted
for this purpose.
."rherp are four general methods Of
using IT.
First. Coating the surface TO form
temporarily at least waterproof AM
/ dustless road
Second The penetration method. h.
i whIch the bituminnus matter is force
doan into the broken stone. and sand o
! screenings used to take up the excess
Of bitumen
= Third The interposition or the bitumi
nous mixture between the bottom cours
OF stone and the top course. or new wear
s. ing surface. and the forcing OF the uppe
course into the mixture. additional ma
balr lad n he
. | plefely fill the interstices between IN
stones. while sand or screenings are ar
he piled to take up any excess upon the SUI
b face
~ Fourth - The mixing method. undt
. which the stone which is to form IT
wearing surface is thoroughly coated wit
- the hot bituminous cement, with q prof.
er amount OF screenings and other fir
material added to reduce the vofds. Il
mixture being spread upon the road viii
hot after which II is thoroughly role
as In the case of the ordinary aspha
pavement or bituminous macadam or II
American type. the surface again beir
coated with sand or screenings as In Il
other cases.
Surface coating can be considered ten
porary or palliative only"
Contemporary Opinion Of Beethoven
When .ue FIRST Trios and the Fir
Symphony appeared tns conservati
c. critics declared that they were II
- confused explosions Of u talent'
young mans overweening conceit
" The Second symphony was called
i'd monster. Il drJgc0 wounded TO dea
ID and unable TO die. thraShing arou
with Its tail In impotent rage. Int
Won Weber declared of the sublil
a. Seventh symphony that the extra'
nd gances of this genius have reach
their ne plus ultra. and Beethoven
90 quite ripe for the madhouseT-Dole
Famous Composers"