davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Ohio Physicist Gives Old Newton
Theory a Jolt.
Assumes Ether to Be Endowed with
Vast kinetic Energy Relative to
Atoms-Dr. Brush Explains His
Idea of Gravitation.

ST. Paul, Minn.-The Newtonian
theory of gravitation that has stood
for ages was upset when DR.. Charles
F. Brush, Cleveland, O., one of the
leading physicists of the country, as
cribed the failing propensities of mat
ter to pushing property within it
self derived from the ether through
which it falls, rather than to pull
ing" power from the earth on the
falling body.
Doctor Brush established the con-
verse theory that the energy exhibited
in the gravitation is fully restored to
the ether when the body is raised
against the gravitation attraction.
Doctor Brush assumes the ether to be
endowed with a vast intrinsic kinetic
energy, which is in wave form and is
translated to the atoms or molecules.
In his paper on the "Kinetic Theory
of Gravitation," read before the
physics section of the scientists con-
vention, Doctor Brush, after discus
sing at length the origin of the en-
ergy acquired by falling body, con-
cludes that the gathered energy
comes from the ether through which
the body falls. Conversely" said
Doctor Brush, equivalent energy is
restored to the ether when the body
is raised against gravitation attrac-
ton
The ether is assumed to be en-
dowed with vast intrinsic kinetic en-
ergy in wave form. The waves are of
such low frequency, or otherwise of
such character, that they pass
through the bodies without obstruc-
ton other than that concerned in
gravitation. They are propagated in
straight lines in every conceivable
direction, so that the wave energy is
isotropic, being in this respect like
radiation in the interior space of a
furnace with uniformly heated walls.
| Distribution of the others intrinsic
energy is uniform throughout the uni
verse as modified by the presence OF
matter. Any kind of ether waves ca
pable of exerting motive action on the
atoms or molecules of matter will full
| fill the requirements.
Atoms are imagined to be contin-
ually buffeted in all directions by the
ether waves in paths almost inf.
| nitesimally short, but without collision
because neighboring atoms follow
very nearly paralelled paths. The
moving atoms are likened to particles
of precipitate suspended in turbu-
lent water.
Each atom or molecule is regarded
as a center of activity, due to its
kinetic energy of translation derived
initially from the ether There is
continual absorption and restitution OF
the ethers energy, normally equal in
, amount. But the ether is permanent
| ly robbed of as much of its energy
as it represented by the mean kinetic
energy of the atom. This energy de-
ficiency In the ether is not wholly
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
CENSUS BELOW TRUE MARK.
But Not Over Per Cent. Less Than
Total. the Director Says.

Washington, D. C.-Taking the
country as a whsle, it is probable
that the population is slightly UNI
derstated by the Census Bureau, de-
clares Director of the Census Du-
rand in his annual report, but
whether the margin of error is a
fraction of l per cent, or amounts
to as much as 2 per cent. no one
can possibly know. That it should
exceed 2 per cent. is certainly eX-
tremely improbable.
Only 23 cities were over-counted
and had to be corrected. Several
cases of padding are now in the
hands of the Department of Justice
The cost of the present census will
exceed its original estimate by $1S3.-
600. The entire cost of field work
on population and agriculture was
about S5,555,500.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
PLAGUE STRICKEN CHINA
A Half a Mile of Collins on the
Frozen Ground.

Washington, d. C.-That none of
the plague-stricken people of China
RECEIVERS, the lungs being infected
| followed by death in a few hours, was
reported to the American National
Red Cross in cablegram just received
from American Consul General Will
der, at Shanghai, on the conditions
resulting from the pneumonia plague.
The Japanese have checked the
plague in South Mukden, but the re-
mainder of Manchuria is being raw
aged by the disease. The pestilence
is spreading in Shantung. A dozen
doctors who attended the stricken
people are dead Reports from Har-
bin, Mr., Wilder says, show $50
deaths daily.
The frozen ground makes burial
impossible and half a mile of collins
are visible. The people have finally
consented to the cremation of 1000
bodies and 1000 victims have been
cremated at Kiangchantzu.
While there has been some i'm
provement at the centers of the dis
ease, the Consul General says it is
spreading to the villages. The homes
of refugees, he adds, are being
burned.
Roger S. Greene, American con
sui at Hardin, reports that up to
January II 433 persons, including
- Europeans, had died of plague,
while at Fushia Tien, a suburb of
Hardin, 1903 have succumbed to the
disease. OF the deaths at Hardin
267 had occurred in hospitals and
1866 persons had been found dead in
the streets and houses.
From statistics gathered at points
along the Chinese Eastern Railway.
the consul said that up to January
II there have been III cases of
plague among the Chinese and 25
cases among Europeans, resulting in
766 deaths of Chinese and 90 deaths
of Europeans.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
WHAT CONGRESS- MUST DIS
POSE OF IN II DAYS.

The Senate must still vote on
the Canadian Reciprocity agree
ment, the Lorimer case, the res
olution for direct election of
Senators, the permanent tariff
commission, increase of $45,-
600, 900 in pension expenditures,
apportionment of members of
Congress under the new census,
fertilization of the Panama Ca
nal.
Not one of the big Appropri-
alton bills has yet become a law.
The District of Columbia, Riv-
ers and Harbors, Army, Indian,
and the legislative, executive
and judicial bills have passed
both houses and are in confer
ence. The Postoffice, Pension
and Agricultural bills have
passed the House, but not the
Senate. Neither house has yet
passed the Naval, Military Acad-
envy, Fortifications, Diplomatic
and Consular, Sundry Civil or
General Deficiency bills.
The congestion of legislation
seems likely to necessitate an
extra session of Congress.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Old Pennsylvania Mans "Bear Book
Kept Since 1858, Means Pay for
Sheep In Blood.

Cross Fork, PA few days ago
when Philip Bostley, a small farmer
on the First Fork of the Sinnemahon-
ing, lost three sheep in raid made
upon a flock by family of black
bears, he went to a drawer In his
kitchen cupboard and marked some
thing down in a little book. There
isn't another such book In all Pennsyl
vania as that one. 1t is book in
which is kept an accurate account of
the losses suffered through the forag-
ing Of black bears. In it are entries
and notes and remarks, until the vol
ume is not only unique, but one OF
the most interesting.
The first entry was back in 1858, the
year that Bostley went into the SHINE
'mahoning country to settle, and when
the only shoat he owned was captured
and killed and carried away by bears.
But before the winter was over he
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Pittsburg Begins Odd Municipal Elk.
pertinent in Training Boys for
Better Citizenship.

Pittsburg, pam odd municipal
experiment in training for better citi-
zenship has begun in this county with
the purchase of 900 acres of farm
land, on which 500 boys. all wards OF
the Juvenile court, shall be taught
close to nature, to become good men.
A committee of prominent citizens,
led by David B. Oliver, formerly comp
troller of public schools of the city
and a brother of Senator George T.
Oliver, originated the idea, and, aided
by the county commissioners, is car
rying it out.
Mr.. Oliver. who is one of the
wealthiest men in Pittsburg, has found
that frequently the bad boys" make
the best men, and he is giving his
time and money to the project. which
really marks new step in the care of
Juvenile court children The only
noteworthy institution like it is at
Industry, N. Y, but that is a state
institution.
On tie land, which is thirty miles
from Pittsburg, will be built cottages
which will accommodate twenty boys
A head farmer will look after the
youngsters.
The present plan for the home is to
build central colony of five cottages
around machine. carpenter and black
smith shops, where boys who want
to learn trades will be grouped Re-
moved, however, from this central
group will be fifteen other cottages.
They will be occupied by boys who
want to be farmers 1t is not the IN
tention to segregate the boys, but to
keep them apart as much as posi-
BILE.
Half of each day will be devoted to
school and half to work. OF course, a
time will be set aside for playing. To
still further carry out the family idea
there will be a number of school
buildings constructed at different
places on the farm. Each of the
school buildings will accommodate a
certain number of pupils. 1t will be
so arranged that children from prob.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
FAST MAIL HELD
UP BY ROBBERS
Dynamite Safe and Disappear
in Automobile.
HIGaWAYMEA HAVE BIG START.
Telegraph Operator Overpowered and
Signals Set Against New York and
New Orleans Flyer on the South
ern Railway-Crew Held at Point
of Revolvers While Safe is Cracked.

Gainesville, Ga. - Southern Rail
way train No. SO, the United States
Fast Mail, bound from New Orleans
to New York, was held up by five
masked men at White Sulphur
Springs, four miles from here, at
315 o'clock A. NJ. The express car
safe was dynamited and the contents
stolen. First reports said more than
100000 was taken. but Southern
Railway officials declare the amount
was $500. None of the passengers
were molested.
The robbers escaped in an auto
mobile and are now thought to be
in Hall county, probably bound for
North Georgia, where pursuit would
be difficult A posse is on the trail
The robbers broke down the doors
of the railroad station at White Sui
phur, bound the night agent, and set
the signal for tn train to stop. As
the locomotive slowed up, one of the
men entered the cab and ordered the
engineer to proceed to Lulu, a small
station several miles away. After
stop was made, members of the gang
entered the express car and while one
held the conductor and express mes
senger at the point of gun, the
others blew open the door of the
safe. Agent Terrill of the Southern
Express Company; Deputy United
States Marshal Landers, Detective
Haule, of the Southern Railway;
Deputy Sheriff Little are with the
posse with bloodhounds in pursuit.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
SURPRISE TO DIPLOMATS.
China Likely to Make an Appeal to
United States.

Washington.-Notice of Russias
intention regarding China reached
the State Department Thursday
through the American Embassy at
st. Petersburg. 1t appears that the
Russian government, wearied of what
it regards as persistent disregard by
China of her treaty obligations to-
ward Russia, is about to bring pres
sure to bear to enforce her rights,
even to the extent of a military dem
onstration in the Province of Iii, the
seat of the present trouble.
The Russian government promises
the American Embassy to acquaint it
with particulars of the indictment
against China. The whole incident
comes as a great surprise to the dip
lomatic service in Washington, for
although it was known that sharp
issues had arisen between Russia and
China over conflicting claims of juris-
diction in Manchurie and in connec-
ton with commercial privileges in
Mongolia, the situation was not re-
garded as critical and it generally
was believed that in view of the de-
plorable conditions existing in China
as result of the famine and the
ravages of the plague, Russia would
generously defer pressing her claims
to the extreme at this time.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
CHARGES LOSS UP TO BRUIN

shot the fellow who did 1t, with two
others besides.
Then he bethought himself of keep
ing bear book" not only to record
his losses because OF bears, but also
his profits from the same source. He
has tried every year since then not to
let the bears get ahead of him, and
because of the recent slaughter Of
sheep the old man feels called upon
to kill at least two bears this winter.
He is so old that he had concluded to
do no hunting this season, but his
slain. sheep must be avenged, and
everybody who knows Phil Bostley
knows that the bear family will sure
ly pay with their own blood for the
raid on the Bostley sheep flock. The
three sheep. he estimates, would have
brought him at least $25, counting an
other seasons wool. Two black bears,
IL their hides are In good condition,
will net him $40, and as Bostley has
always charged the bears with COM
pound interest that amount he calcu.
lates will about even the score.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24

Charleston, W. Va. - The entire
family of J. d. Hardin lost their lives
in a fire which destroyed their home
in the town of Sutton, Braxton coun-
ty, early Sunday morning, Hardin
alone escaping.
Shortly after midnight Mrs Hard
in awoke to find her room filed with
smoke. She awoke her husband who,
upon going to the head of the stairs,
found the entire first floor wrapped
in flames Selling his two eldest chill
dren he made a dash for the stair
way, which collapsed, it being almost
consumed by the fire.
Wife Jumps From Window.
Hardin lost his hold on both chill
dren, but rolled toward the door and
escaped. Mrs. Hardin, seeing the
stairway collapse, jumped from sec
ond-story window ana, owing to her
delicate condition. received injuries
which resulted in her death less than
an hour afterward.
Though stunned by his awful eX-
perience, Hardin gave the alarm and
tried to enter the building in an at
tempt to save his children, but the
flames had made such progress that
all efforts to rescue them were in
vain. The bodies of the six children
were incinerated.
In his efforts to spread the alarm
Hardin came upon his wife where
she had fallen and she was able to
recognize him before death came
Ada Green was an orphan and had
been given home with the Hardins.
Due to a Gas Fire.
The house was heated and lighted
by natural gas and the fire is sup
posed to have originated from a gas
fire. The fire spread to the home of
State Senator Jake Fisher, but was
extinguished without much damage.
Hardin is member of the firm of
Waggy Hardin Lumber Company, OPP
Grating large lumber mills in Brax-
ton county. He is son of Squire
C. F. Hardin, an attache of the State
Senate at the present session of the
legislature.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
GRAVITY Is A PUSH

local, but extends indefinitely into
space, diminishing in strength as the
square of the distance increases.
"A body of matter is pictured as
casting in effect spherical energy
shadow consisting of the sum of the
shadows of it's constituent units, the
depth or intensity of the shadow vary
ing with the inverse square of the
distance from the center of the body.
Another body at any distance will
cast a similar shadow and the two
shadows will intersect, each body be-
ing partially shielded by the other
from waves coming from that direc-
tion the extent of the shielding effect
depending directly on the mass of the
shielding body.
of the several components into
which the composite motion OF each
atom can be resolved, that one lying
in the direction of an attracting body
will be the greatest because the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Burned to Death by Alcohol.

Ell Dora, Iowa.-Robert Pinske,
As years old, German farmer liv-
ing near here, was burned to death
under peculiar circumstances. He
was returning home in buggy, when
in some manner a bottle of alcohol
became ignited, setting fire to his
clothing. Neighbors saw the man
and buggy in flames, but when they
reached him they found him literally
roasted alive.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
SIGNS EXPOSITION BILL.
President Taft Uses Gold Pen Made
For Purpose.

Washington, D. president Taft
signed the bill designating San Fran
cisco as the city in which will be
held in 1915 the exposition signaliz-
ing the completion of the Panama Ca
nal, With a gold pen made of pre-
cious metal mined in the State of
California, and in the presence of
the two United States senators and
number of the representatives from
that state, the President ATTACHED his
signature to the engrossed bill. Mr..
Taft presented the pen to one of
the members of the party, and it
will be placed on exhibition at the
exposition.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Burglars Break Into Jail.

Wilkes-Barre, Pa. = Two masked
burglars broke into the town Jail at
Warrior Run, Pa, near here, and
bursting open the door of the cell
in which Stanley Jandus, the only
prisoner, was confined, robbed him
at the point of revolver OF $29.
The burglars then escaped, and jan
dus, who was being held on a trivial
charge, finding himself free, went
out and notified the police. Like
nearly all such places in small towns,
the jail was not guarded.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
FARM TO SAVE CITY YOUTH

ably four cottages will go to each
school, Thus the farm will CORE
spond to country community and
the school houses to country schools.
1t is the purpose of the commission
to keep from the home any semblance
of reform school or prison. so that
the children who leave can go out into
the world without any handicap of
any kind in the form of past to live
down.
The only gully in the nearly one
thousand acres will be damned up
and there in the summer time the chill
dren can swim in the water flowing
from Brush Creek. The swimming
hole will be shaded by trees on the
slopes leading to 1t and no sulphur
from mines will mar it's clearness
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Oppose Sunday Mails.

Chicago. Christian Endeavor
workers stormed the Chicago Post
Office and postal sub-stations Sunday
with $4,000 printed appeals in their
fight to abolish Sunday labor for
postal clerks and carriers. Pamphlets
setting forth reasons for the aboli-
ton of Sunday labor and asking the
cooperation of the public were dis
tributed among persons. calling for
mail
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
10000 MINERS DESTITUTE.
Output Small and Little Work il
Coal Fields of Indiana.

Indianapolis. - Reports from the
Indiana coal fields to the headquar-
ters of the miners organization show
there is much distress among the
miners. Owing to the fact that work
has been so scarce during the winter
there are 10000 miners destitute,
and at no time has more than third
of them been employed, a fact due
to the unusually mild weather and
the consequent small demand for
coal.
Arrangements are now making to
give relief to many of the miners
families and to arrange so that work
may be so distributed that every
miner will have at least a share of it.
The miners officers say that there
was never a time in the history of
the state when the winter output of
the mines was as small, considering
the number of men usually en-
ployed.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
DEMANDS OF RUSSIA.
Threatens to Sever Friendly Rela-
tions With China.

st. Petersburg-The strained re-
lations between Russia and China
have finally resulted in decisive ac-
ton by the Russian government. Ac-
cording to instructions, NJ. Koroto-
Wiz, the Russian minister to China,
has presented to that government a
note bearing on the treaty of 1881,
which China has SCENE, disposed to
abrogate. The note contains six
points and Russia insists upon COM
pliance on pain of complete cessation
of friendly relations.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
1s Firemen Overcome.

Chicago, Ill. = Thirteen firemen
were overcome by smoke in a fire
in the lard refinery of Armour &
Co. at the Union Stock Yards. The
firemen who were overcome were
caught on the fourth floor while car
rying up hose and were rescued by
their companions. All will recover.
The loss is $4,000.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Jumps II Stories to Death.

Chicago.-W. T. ]. Plummer, a
real estate dealer, jumped from the
eleventh floor of the Chamber of
Commerce building and was instant
ly killed. Plummer jumped into the
rotunda and fell on the floor of the
areaway. His brains were dashed
out. His body hit two men. Both
were knocked to the ground and one
of them was slightly stunned, but
quickly recovered.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24

There was but one season in which
he was unable to even his account
with the bears ever since his resi-
dence In the wilds of the "Sinnema-
hone," and that was one winter in
which a pair of bears killed a very
valuable hunting dog, upon which he
could place no money value, ant
though during that season he killed
and trapped seven black bears the &C
count OF that year is still unsatisfied.
1t is a mortgage against the general
bear family, which the old man will
never reconcile.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
Arizona Must Wait.

Washington, D. statehood for
Arizona is impossible of accomplish
ment at this session of Congress for
two reasons-primarily because the
returns of the election held on Feb
ruary cannot be canvassed and GER
titled under the law in time to reach
Washington for action by Congress,
and, secondly, because this Congress
is opposed to the constitution as
drawn. Such is the view expressed
by Delegate Ralph Cameron, from
that territory
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
$500. 600 For Labor War.

Washington, d. C.-Samuel Comp
ers, president of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor, has sent to all la
Dor organizations throughout the
country a circular asking aid in
raising fund of half million dollars
to be used in fighting opponents of
organized labor at Los Angeles.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
MONKEY OVERTURNs HEATER.
Fire Results and Small Railroad
Circus is Destroyed.

Pottsville, PA monkey over
turning an oil heater in the winter
quarters of small railroad circus
at Orwigsburg, Pa, caused the de-
struction of all the circus parapher-
MALTA, including a cage of monkeys,
trained apes, pack of trained dogs,
a den of snakes and several horses.
One horse was the only thing taken
out alive.
The owner was in Wilkes-Barre
arranging for new additions to his
show preparatory to getting into
shape to start South.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
MRS. CARRIE NATION INSANE.
Saloon Busters Daughter Also of
Unsound Mind.

San Antonio, Texas.-Mrs. A. D.
McNabb, daughter of Mrs. Carrie Ma
ton, was adjudged insane in the
County Court here.
During the course of the examina-
tion the fact was brought out that
Mrs. Nation herself is in an institu-
ton in the East, taking treatment
for mental trouble.
DR.. O'Ferrell, of Richmond, Texas,
testified that in his opinion there was
'--."''"' ""balance running through
the family.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24

Washington, D. ca new angle
of the high cost of living problem has
come to light. 1t is the increased
cost of grain for horse feed, and as
a substitute for oats the Bureau of
Animal Industry has developed sort
Of equine breakfast food composed of
cocoanut and peanut meals.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24

Panama City, Fla.-The body OF
Richard Hancock, an aged recluse,
was found at his home near here
with three bullet wounds in the back.
Richard Mcneil, negro, was ar
rested, and confessed to having COM
mitted the murder. Hancock was re-
puted to have been wealthy and is
said to have kept large sums of
money in the house.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1911-02-24
To Fight the Plague.

Naples.-The Chinese government
has selected Professor c. Galeotti,
director of the Pathological Institute
of the University of Naples, to COM
bat the plague in Manchuria. Dr.
Galeotti is the discoverer of an anti
plague vaccination serum which is
considered better than that now be-
ing used at Hardin.