The Winslow mail., 1911-04-22
SHORTAGE OF WATER
Increase in Agriculture Necessi-
tates Use of Reservoirs.
All Available Sources of Supply are
Being Employed to Render Serv-
Ice Until Mountain Streams
are Used Several Times.

The shortage of irrigation water
In the natural streams last season re-
calls the fact that the waters used for
irrigation in earlier years we're derived
directly from the melting SHOWS OF the
mountains to much greater extent than
at the present time. The cold OF the
higher attitudes was then the only
cause preventing the waters falling in
those regions, or formed by the melt
ing Of the snow, from flowing rapidly
from the place Of their precipitation
to the lower reaches Of the rivers,
through which they find their way to
join the oceanic waters, writes W. P.
Hadden in the Denver Field and Farm.
This agent is as active now as then
but alone is inadequate to effect suf-
fciently regular distribution of these
waters to meet the varied and grow
Ing requirements Of agriculture, and
1t has been supplemented by the use
OF reservoirs to store the waters and
prevent them from going to waste.
Not only has the attempt been made
" SCO1 . IuS uOOU duu OIuSI ou1 PAuo
waters in order to subsequently dis
tribute them, that they might add to
the well-being and prosperity of those
living in sections further down the
stream, but our agriculture has 80 in
creased that much more water is re-
Quired than formerly and in order to
meet this requirement our reservoir
systems have constantly grown. All
available sources of water are rapidly
being made to render service, until
the waters Of the mountains are taken
out of the streams and returned sew
eral times before they are finally dis
charged into tho bigger streams. We
may yet learn to further increase the
duty Of water, but II we do we will
not lessen the questions relative to
the changes produced and suffered by
these waters used for the purposes Of
intensity them and probably find that
new questions will be raised
It is well known but still more gen
orally accepted as a fact that the wa
ters Of rivers rising in high mountains
where there Is little soil, scanty vege-
lutte them, are comparatively pure,
many Of them very pure indeed. This
Is the case with the waters of our
mountain streams and is not a fancy
arising from the notions which we as
sociate with the mountains and their
seclusion. The rocky face which their
surface SO generally presents does not
wholly withstand the attack, gentle
though 1t seem, of the falling rain or
melting snow. The rocks yield little
by little, it is true, but the water is
never able to enrich itself greatly in
matter at their expense. The
work done by the waters in a year, a
month, or even in week, when meas
ured in the aggregate is surprisingly
large, but no given quantity of this
water, a gallon or so, carries more
than an infinitesimal part of the pro-
duct
This water Is usually colorless and
free from organic matter because we
have no accumulation of decaying or
gan1c matter such as peat, etc., to
contaminate it. Where the surface is
covered with soil there is little differ
ence between the soil and the rocks
on which the soil rests. do not know
whether the changes which take place
in this soil proceed more rapidly than
In the rocks proper or not; it is pre-
Bumable that they do, but they are es-
sentially Of the same kind and this is
true throughout the mountain region
These waters suffer little change so
long as they continue to flow over
the rocky beds which they have cut
for themselves in the fanks Of the
mountains, or so long as they move
through the soils which are little
more than the pulverized rock on
which they lie. This however Is no
longer true when they issue from the
mountains and enter the plains.