davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

PORTLAND. Or. Iuiy 14--tfer
ability 70 talk rapidly and confinu-
ousiy for more than an hour. saved
Mrs. J. X. Kelley from death at
the hands of her drink crazed hus-
band. according TO testimony by
Mrs. Kelley IN municipal court to-
day. Kelley had. she said drawn
an automatic pistol aud announced
his intention to kill heE. When his
artificial courage had gone. follow
ing his wifes rapid fire converse
tlon. she eiuded him and telephoned
the police.
That Airs. Kelley Is an able
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
Old Croesus Swelters
DESPITE His Millions

CLEVELAND. July H--John p.
Rockefeller had to suffer and
swel,er during the hot spell last
week because he could not buy an
electric fan
Aa the heat played no fayorites.
and Forest nm hllstcfsd under the
suns hroiilng rays, the world :
richest man sent a hnrry.up order
to local firm for half dozen
electric fans.
The last bfeezesmaker In stock
had Just been sold. and search
LOT the stores failed 20 reveal one.
None could be found In the city
land Il WAS not until several days
later that the six fans were un-
loaded at the Rockefeller home.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
WOMANS LIFE is SPARED GALLONS CHEATED

= Angelina Napoitano will not hang
She has been saved by the might OF public opinion
expressed sympathy OF hundreds thousands of American
and women.
Her child unborn viii into the world under the
shadow OF the gaows and the of mothers care and
love viii be lacking
over 5000 Seattle people helped this poor woman
from shameful death BY sending The Stars petition 10 Cover
nor1eneral Grey OF the Dominion OF Canada.
United Press dispatch The Seattle Star TODAY from
Ottawa 'nt states that Mrs Angelina Napolano sentenced
to death Tor the murder of her husband will have
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

eneed TO hang ~ August about month after the probable
birth OF her baby.
These two facts arrested the attention and ed the
deepest sympathy and practical help Of millions OF American
citizens:
Mrs Napotano killed her husband because he had acted
like brute animal TO her beat her and tried force her
a life OF shame Utterly desperate and driven the wall she
had defended herself n the only way she could
Although she TO become mother few weeks before
her death by the hangmans the law had decided
ignore this fact
And the people Of the United States the in
the interest Of IUMANITY In big neMspapcrs
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
DID this MAP VANISH
LIKE DICK TODICK LETTER?

which Chairman Graham OF the
committee has proof was in the
files OF the war department until a
few weeks ago. II was alleged that
Richard s. Ryan. the Controller bay
claimant. who is said to be Nor.
gan-Guggenheim man. had filed the
map Dec. IL. 1910. II purported to
show his claims there.
The disappearance OF this map
Is being pointed TO by critics Of the
administration as a probable paraI-
lei TO what became Of the famous
"Dick to Dick" letter, duplicating
President Taft and his brother In
the Alaskan grab.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
Lorimer Says Governor Deneen Indebted
to Him for Job Which Paid $500, 900
fpy United Press leased Wire, /,

tHy United Press leased wire.)
WASHINGTON. July IA job
which In eight years paid total OF
nearly 100000 is the debt which
Governor Charles s Deneen OF
Illinois owes Senator William Lori
mer, according to Deneen's testi.
niGuy today before the senate In
seatigating committee on the Lori
mer case.
Deneen said that In 1896 four re-
publican bosses In Chicago each
backed different candidate for
states attorney. and that II was
due to Lorimer's Influence that he
uDeneen) was elected for two terms
OF four years each. THE total sal
afy for the two terms Was $4,000.
Deneen said. but fees aided $i40,-
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

her sentence eommuted 10 life imprisonment She probably
viii be released on parole within reasonable time
No official cabinet will be made TO the
deputy general an the formal order council Is
signed by Louis Davies This action will be taken few
DAYS But the cabinet reached decision today the
womans life. the advice OF Ayeswoh, minister OF justice
Governor General Earl Grey is still in England
STORY OF UNPARALLELED FIGHT FOR JUSTICE.
Thus triumphantly ends the remarkable fight for
real Justice for unfortunate made the history
of this Ii started less than months ago Mrs
Napoano lived in the province OF Ontario Canada She
tried and convicted Of the murder Of her husband and
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

WASHINGTON, July f4.-The
strongest possible proof that seri-
ous leaks exist in the government
departments was given today be-
fore the house committee on ex-
penditures In the department. OF the
Interior. which 10 investigating the
Moresn-Guggenhein activities In
Alaska. and particularly the scqui-
sitscn Of the water front al Con-
troiier bay.
The fact was made plain when
Major J. -. Cavanaugh. assistant
chief Of engineers. testified today
that he was unable TO find map
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
Ability to Talk Saved Her Life

minded lady" and that abe Is at
tempting TO get rid OF him. after
drawing his earnings into the i'm.
provement OF her separate property.
Is the defense made BY Kelley.
A divorce suit Is pending In the
circuit court. in which the issues
are 20 be tried out.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
DIEs WITH MUSIC
ON MS LIPS


CHICAGO. July a. With music
OF his own composition on his lips.
John r. Jones. IS. noted Welsh coms
poser and vocalist. died His grand.
daughter. II years old. played his
fsvorite tunes on the piano as he
sang His voice became as clear
and rounded as In hts early life.
until he began singing Eva" a
composition named after one Of his
daughter The old mans voice fai-
tered. and In few minutes he Was
dead.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

SPRlNGFIELD, Mass, July IA
Stung Thus sang the people who
had business on Main st., which
was blockaded by a swarm of bees.
The busy bees mistook the clang
OF locomotive bells for the noise OF
tin pans used to hive them in. SO
It is thought. or course. both peo-
pie and horses gave Main At. a wide
berth during the siege OF the bees.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
BURNED DOG TO
APPEAsE DEMAND

tBy United fr~~~ i~s-~si wise.,
DENVER. Colo, July fs.--De-
cIarirp that a demon had been
following him for days. de-
msndIng that he atone for his
wrongdoinps by offering a dog
spirit on the altar Of flame,
Roy Bradley, 9, negro boy. 10
today held for stealing q high
bred pointer belonging to a Jap.
anese missionary and burning
the animal in an ash pit.
The dog had only been I'M
ported from Japan three weeks
ago. The boy admits that he
had sacrificed other animals In
a similar manner.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
ARTHUR SEE
|. GUILTY Of
ABDUCTION
Revealcr OF Absolute Life"
Faces a l0-Year Term in
Prison

NCteaiCT Oh hDSoiute Lie
Faces a i0-Year Term il
Prison.
On, rsss~d rse.. fea.~d wks1
CHICAGO. July ia.--con-
vicssd OF having abducted ".
ycaroId Mildred Bridges.
Evelyn Arthur see. "rsveaier
OF the absolute ilfe," TO-DAY
faces io-year term OF i'm
prisonmcrs at Joliet.
stephen Bridges. the girls
father. 10 now preparing 10
prosecute Mrs. Felicia Rees
and her daughter. Mona. ss
Sees aides. Mona snd her
mother. II 10 declared. In.
tended TO continue teaching
Sees free love doctrine In the
-junior commonwealth"
See was convicted on the dua
charge OF abduction and contFl
buting to Juvenile delinquency.
See WORT Talk.
cft WIS pftntAh*A tn FtttfN y
the Junior commonwealth" las
night. pending hla motion for rc
trial. He applied for bail until th'
supreme court passes on the ease
his application being allowed an,
the bond fixed at $1,000 See ~
fuses to make any statement.
Bridges said he would ask th,
rourt 90 parole his daughter. Nil
tred. IN his care. she nov being |
ward of the Juvenile court.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
PURE M00nSRIKE

tU, lnI'ed Ffrs~ Tra~ed NItc.l
LONDON, July 14.--That all the
stories recently cabled from here
10 the United states Gec,aring that
Bernard Kaplan or NJ. A. Schmidt,
the alleged Los Angeles dynamiters,
are IN London, are pure moonshine.
was declared here today by OF.
iicials OF Scotland Yard
The Scotland Yard statement
immediately followed the departure
of Detective VIM. ] Burns today.
Burns viii return to the United
States via Montreal.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
GOLD FROM DRY
CHANNEL IN CITY

REDDlNG. Cal. July 14.--A dry
river channel within the city
limits IS today giving up an average
of $500 week In gold and Is being
worked by Coelo brothers. who
made the discovery more than =
week ago. Although the channel
was cut into lots more than 30 years
ago. no house has ever been built
upon It.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

RAINIER. July II Deputies
waiting here TO aid in the ldentifi.
cation of the man reported arrested
nj felm, Wash. as Swan Peterson.
the missing section man. are begin.
ming to fear that he may have
slnded the Yelm authorities
Additional details are coming to
light on the suspect He arrived At
the Mckenzie farm there shortly
before noon Tuesday Peterson left
here. 10 miles away. the same morn
ing. The suspects first act was TO
get water and wash hts clothes. He
said he had come from Portland.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

SANTA ROSA. July 14.-Drs.
Bacigalupi. Rohr and Hamlin made
remarkable discovery when they
operated upon blockmaker. a. Fer
rari. for appendicitis.
The man was nearly dead when
the operation was decided upon. but
the physicians discovered In the
appendix large piece Of basalt
block. How 1t got there has Rot
been explained.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
THE OLD GAG.

SHE No. George. can't marry
you, but will be sister to you.
He--Well, hardly; am afraid
that / wouldn't get along with my
brother.in-law philadelphia Tele-
graph.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

900 more to the total amount re.
ceived Deneen also said that he
was accused. when a candidate for
governor. of having oyerdrawn si0,-
900 in fees, but that investigation
revealed the fact that he had really
undrrdrawn 10 the extent OF $40 900
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
San rr.nei.eo.chsrsed with hay.

Ing attacked his daughter Zoe. IL,
Chas. +. seryeau. a wealthy florist.
was held TO answer in the superior
court today by Police Judge shor.
tall.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
NEWS ITEMS FROM
THE HICKTOWN BEE

cur foreman WAS IN such hurry
20 Hrt away Yesterday that the items
Was all mixed w. How ever. quite "a
tot ot people thought u was puzzle
and took quite an interest Ia Il 10
a nr~ spaper wants to make talk.
nothing u bctter than a mistake or
when the editor gets shot %.
f.afs Wntortowcr SAYS Il IL too
,elrned hot To give out oppygrhns
today.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

OKLAHOMA CITY. Okla. July
f4.--Deputy State Examiner l.. f,
Cabin has filed charges against
former sheriff l.. A. Chambers. in
which he charges that Chambers
Is short s6,5SS IN his accounts.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

AGED PARROT RETiceNr

= AGED PARROT REricENr 4
. PEAPACK, ~ J.. July L.
4 Mrs. Rachael Melick OF this 4
. place IL sure that parrot she 1
. owns is over 100 years old. 4
4 She has had II herself for -
= years. and the bird was I
a brought 10 her father from 4
= India by an old sea captain, I
= who said at that time the par
= rot was ancient of years.
q From being an incezsant 4
= chattcrer in five languages. 4
= the parrot has acquired a won. I
4 derfui ability to keep IFS mouth 4
= shut All II does nos is 20 4
= perch on the shoulder OF It's
4 mistress as she goes aboni
= the house or in the garden 4
= and the utmost endeayors OF
= visitors TO- engage the bird In
n conversation always fall
ttSat q Z 4 Z > 4 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

4 Local gossip right off the
4 bat" That's the name OF a 4
4 new feature OF The Star Pink
4 which is causing no end of in 4
= tercst among sport fans. It's
4 all about Seattle sportsmen. 4
4 what they're doing and what
4 they think Of baseball men.
+ boxers and so on. Don't miss
4 II in The Star Pink every even
4 Ing. and II there's anything You 4
4 want to say or any BIT OF per- 4
+ sonal sport gossip You know \
= about, telephone the sport ed. 4
4 itor. 4
4 4 4 ~ 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
ENATOR BECOMES
POLICE CHEF

= OKLAHOMA CITY. Okla.
= July ~. To assume the duties
= of chief Of police Of Oklahoma
a City at $3.50 monthly. State
= Senator William Tilghman has
4 resigned his legislative office.
= Tilghman will assume the du.
= ties OF his new office tomor-
= row
\ - 4 q - = = q = . q 4 4 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
GEMS WORTH SIS, 1000 RECOVERED
and ROBBER CAUGHT AFTER HOT
CHASE IN THE BUSINESS SECTION

y
, Robbed at 1890 This Morn
ing by Man Giving Name of
Edward Burns.
While Thousands OF people were
passing the Ieweiry store Of 3. L.
Gates. soe Second sv.. at 10: 30 thio
morning. Edward Burns, armed
with revolver. held sis store en.
pIoyes at bay while he backed out
Of the front door with two trays
OF diamonds valued at s25. 900.
Drops Gun and Runs.
Reaching the sidewalk the robber
made sensational dash for free.
dom. Throwing his gun away, Ne
turned the corner going down
Marion st, with a score OF men hot
on his trail.
The yells OF the pursuers attract
ed hundreds Of people and IL soon
became evident that the robber
could not escape. He was game,
however, and ran like a msdman,
until n. l.. Stinger, a salesman,
crossed his path. Singer, not
knowing Of the robbery but quickly
realizing that something was wrong,
grabbed the fleeing crook and held
him.
The diamonds were all recovered.
The Daring HoId-up.
Burns walked into the Gates es-
tabiishmsnt few minutes after
10 o'clock this morning. He was
weil-dressed and asked o. Smith. .
salesman. 10 show him some
diamond rings Smith took his
supposed customer TO the diamond
cases. which are well toward the
.srsr oi the store. about 40 feet
from the Second av. entrance =
the store.
Suddenly Pulls Gun.
Burns spent about 25 minutes
in looking at diamonds Both he
and the salesman were bent over
the counter when Burns suddenly
pulled long evil-looking revolver.
which he showed into the face Of
the astonished salesman.
Don't you say d-d word"
cautioned Burns. Then he reached
around the counter and grabbed
two trays of diamond jewelry.
Held Revolver on Him.
Burns backed away quickly. He
held his gun well over the heads
OF four other salesmen who were
In the store. Then be backed out
OF the front door. turned south on
Second sv.. and dashing down an
alleyway leading to the waterfront.
The statesmen OF the Gates store,
together with b. G. Chapman. a
travelling salesman. were in hot
pursuit.
Exciting Chase.
Cries of Stop thief" bloody
murder" and so on, bawled out BY
the jswelry clerks only seemed to
make the hold-up man run all the
faster.
While speeding down the allen.
Burns threw aside his gun. When
Salesman Smith got too near him.
couple of blocks away from the
store, Burns turned around and
smashed one OF his trays or
diamonds in Smiths face. Smith
was knocked down by the force OF
the blow, but quickly recovered his
-~~~ s-@at ~ Rh 1tttt lut tiltSi.
How He Was Captured.
Just as-the fleeing crook gained
the network of tracks along the
water front he was grabbed BY
Stinger. who threw both arms
around Burns and held on for dear
life until patrolman INLAND. who
had ben attracted by the chase,
arrived. INLAND handcuffed the
robber and he was soon landed
safely in the city jail.
Not a Sparkle Lost.
The diamonds which the thief
held onto when captured were
turned over To the Gates clerks as
they arrived Not a single gem was
lost, and the iewelry store men
were happy bunch, but excited lot,
when the sparkles were brought
back to the show cases
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
81, 100000 DEAL
IN VICTORIA REALTY

VICTORIA, b. G.. July 1.-THE
largest real estate deal In vlctoria's
history was consummated here yes
terday when Mr., Geo. Barley. act.
Ing for syndicate OF European
capitalists, purchased property
known as the Uplands farm AT
Cadboro bay for 81 800, 900.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
MARK TWAIN LEFT
s471,000 ESTATE

NEW YORK, July i4.--Ae-
cordino 10 a tax appraisal filed
In the surrogate court here TO.
day, Mark Twain left an estate
valued at SAT- 900. and his only
daughter. Mrs. ossip GabriIo-
wich, 10 to receive the title 10
the estate. Property valued at
500. 900 10 located In this state
and the balance OF the estate
is In Connecticut.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
COSTS EN- 500

A Found guilty Of dumping
4 sawdust in the Raging river
\ from its mill near Kerriston.
4 the Northwestern Lumber com
4 pany was today fined si00 by
a Judge Gordon. The complaint
4 was brought through the game
4 warden's Office. The company
4 filed notice of appeal.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
CAPTURE DARING DIAMOND THIEF
new SUSPECT
ln MYSTERY,

Man Who Disappeared After J
Now--New Developments
OLYMPIA. July ss.---A new
suspect in the Cable murder case.
believed TO be Swan Peterson. .
man VINO worked . day and a halt
on the section ~ Rainier and die
appeared the morning after the
killing without drawing his pay.
was located today at Yeln. work
Ing in hay field.
Pierce Released.
The prisoner is being hurried 10
Rainier for Identification. Arthur
Pierce. half witfed man. arrest "a
"Wednesday, Was released this
morning His brother established
complete aiibi.
With the discovery that Mrs.
Cohle had been mIstreated after
she and her husband had been
beaten to death with an AK Mon.
day night. the hunt took new
turn.
The startling developments TO.
DAY were the discovery thar Pet.
erson had not slept with the other
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

nm pSSp y y
4 Well. Well our friend Henry 4
4 Tuffluck is going TO be In this 4
4 duke business, too. See Sport 4
= page. You'll like Tuffluck. lie 4
= appears every day. 4
- 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14

section men. but had occupied a
room at the Waddell hotel. that
the bed clothes in the room he oc.
cupied were blood stained. and that
the man taken NJ Yeim this morn.
Ing washed out hts clothes Tues
day morning as soon as he got to
town.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1911-07-14
Not a Sparkle Lost.

The diamonds which the thief
held onto when captured were
turned over to the Gates clerks as
they arrived. Not a single gem was
lost, and the jewelry store men
were a happy bunch, but excited lot,
when the sparkles were brought
back to the show cases.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1911-09-28
Moving Troops by Rail.

"Let us suppose it became necessary
to send the entire national guard of
New York out of the state, how long
would it take the railroads to handle
themY" was asked a railroad official
In New York.
"Twenty-four hours, easy" was the
instant reply. This is under war
conditions, remember, which means
that everything gives way to the
movement of troops and their equip
ment. The railroads of America can
handle men and war material of all
kinds, including everything from
horses and men to cannon and r~ations,
much faster than they can be assem-
bled and delivered to us. In fact, I'M
der war conditions the railroads are
prepared to do their part quicker and
better, with more certainty and better
speed. than any other part of the ma
chinery, commercial or military, in
America."-Railroad Mans Magazine.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1911-09-28
Bic Poker Stakes.

Many stories of big poker games
among the western cattlemen in the
early days have been told. but this
story Of the game with probably the
greatest stakes is really true. Two
well known cattlemen Of southwestern
Kansas, one of whom is now a promi-
nent business man in Kansas City,
started to move their herds to the
pastures of Wyoming. Each herd con-
tanned more than q thousand head of
cattle. When they came to the cross
ing of the Arkansas river near Coo
lidge they found a food IN. They
were unable to cross for two or three
days. To while away the time the
two men engaged in a poker game.
When the flood finally subsidized so
that the cattle could proceed one of
the cattlemen said to his son, who
was helping to drive, Just turn my
herd over to our neighbor and we will
go back home" He had bet and lost
not only all the money he had. but all
of the herd Of cattle.-Kansas City
Journal.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1911-09-28

When the first passenger railroad
ever built was opened in England in
1925 the train Travelled from one end
Of the line to the other. n distance of
Twelve miles, in two hours. And Wood,
ore of the best known writer's on the
subject Of railroads at that day, wrote
as follows:
Nothing can do more harm to the
adoption Of railways than the promul-
CATION Of such nonsense as that we
shall see locomotives travelling at the
rate Of twelve miles an hour"
Today, with locomotives travelling at
the rate of seventy-fve miles an hour,
Dne can look at Woods warning with
4 feeling of amusement. In 1929 a
locomotive was introduced in this coun-
Try, and in the following year Peter
Cooper experimental with a locomotive
on the b. and o. railroad. The fues
VI the boiler were made from gun bar
rels. The boiler was about the size Of
a -four barrel. Cooper related with
considerable satisfaction how on the
trial trip Of this engine he passed a
gray horse attached to a wagon.-New
York World.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1911-09-28
The ORIGIN Of Ounce.

A Ounce is named after Duns Scotus,
the chief and leader of the schoolmen
who were in opposition to what was
called ''the new learning in the six
teenth century. 1t is easy to see how
readily convertible the term would be.
Any opponent of the new learning
would be apt to be referred to as a
Dunsman. or. more briefly. as a Duns.
to indicate that be held the views Of
which Duns Scotus was the most emf
nent representative. But as the time
went on and the new learning triumph
ed to call any one a Dunsman or a
Ounce would be equivalent to describ-
ing him not merely as opposed to a
certain set OF doctrines, but as inca
pable of learning and enlightenment
1t is certainly hard upon Duns Scotus.
as Archbishop Trench has remarked.
that he, ''the subtle doctor by pre-
eminence. the "wittiest of the school
divines,' as Hooker terms him. should
have his name handed down to future
ages as a synonym for invincible stu
pidity.
Bryan daily eagle and pilot. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1909-1918, 1911-09-28
Black Eridaxs.

In England the. term Black Friday
was first applied to Dec. 6, 1I45, the
day on which news reached London
that the pretender, Charles Edward,
had reached Derby. Again on May IL,
1866, when the failure of a large Eng
fish discounting institution brought on
a most disastrous panic, the day was
called Black Friday. On the day of
the suspension the Bank of England
raised the rate of discount 0 per cent.
Wild speculation in gold in New York
and other cities eliminated in a none
tary crash on Sept. 16, 1875. that swept
thousands of firms and individuals into
financial ruin and caused a commercial
depression that extended into the eight
les of the last century; hence the origin
of the term Black Friday in the United
States.