davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23

brbe bon atpeibuuoert Dollars nno
Den Soften bes gerihtlihen 8er-
fabrens perurteilt. Die geioen itea=
ten giirgidaft fir Die 9e5abIune
oes @eloes unb muroen oonn in
Greibeit seiest. (Dieie gtrafe miro
mol ibperlid irgeno Semano fir
eeniigeno eradten.)
Gas Observation-Disclosures bes
&ongreiies nabnl eine 9feiolution
an ourh pelbe ser ariegsiefretar
aiIfgeforoert miro, ppllitanoige Nns.
flll1ft beSiiglih bes Blane5 au er-
ltatteli, geipilie 9Irlneepoltcn einge.
ben 5u laiieil unb bie regulare Or.
NEE auf nelle groBere @arniionen
5u perteilen. gs ioIlen in Dem 9e-
ridt ale Yoiten genaunt iper6en,
melbe man eingeben laiieu min, uno
es miro cine 8ere1nling 6es-9e-
truaes ertpartet, oeiien grlparnuna
onrd cine 5lpefinaBigere 8ertci-
lung Der Sruppen Der @unoesarmee
ermoglidt lueroen miro.
allis Gunfirf> N. o., meloet
man: aur5 nad Ser mitternahti-
gen Sti1li6e, trateit brei Wdnner in
9lleranber Matuibintpie' Sdanf-
mirtidaft, lieBen iih @etr6nfe se-
ben uno foroerten ben @irt 5uni
Wiittrinfen auf. Sic bra1ten ibm
aber init ieineni @etrGnf ein Be-
taublnaslnittel BEL. Damn iboben
I lie lcinen 0eloihrar1f, pe[ber eiu
i@eipi6t BON etipa 1000 Yflr1o bat,
alf oie StraBe, iprengten i'm nit
DDnonlit entnablnen oaraus eillen
gaarbeiIono bon $25OO uno per-
idpanOen. Na6buril pelhe ourd,
Die Grploiipn auf Sen 8oreang auf-
merriam geporbens naren, eilten
benz @irt 5u !SiiIfe uno oieier
puroe ourd dr5tlibe1 8eiitano tpie-
Der allm 9emuBtieiil gebra6t. llebar
Die Berionli6feit Der 8erbreher lit
nihts befannt.
49, Na6 ben 8eri1ten bon ellis
Sslano BET Seem yorf bat oie Gin
manoerllng in oielem Snbr gang be.
oeuteno llahgelalien. @abreno Der
lebten @ohen tit iie llie6riger ge-
meien ols gu irgeno elmer 3eit ieit
Dem Sabre 1908. Wian glanbt, oa6
iie Inn 30 Gro5ent butter Der lest
iibrigen 5uriifbIeiben miro.
gier WtitgIieber Der Jirnia
Burr Bros. III Stem Dorf iiilo lpe-
gen slftienihtpinoels, ben iie nit
Siilfe Der Noit betrieben baben, ju
ie eiltem Snbr @efdnsnis ouf 9Iaf.
nell Sslano perurteiIt tpor6en.
Der SdanipieIer Wrigbt &C.
rimer, 8erfaiier oes .Sbepbero
Sing" bat iid in geem gorf onrd
oas Ginatmen BON 1eu6tgos oos
2eben genommen. Jinanaieae
Shlpierigfeiten ideinen ibn in ben
500 getrieben gu baben.
Sn elmer GobIenn1ine Bel Sd)e.
nonooab in HennipIponien lino
3lpei Minenarbeiter, sSoIepb Meeo
uno Tbomas 2epan, peridlttet.
Man bat iofort nit ben Mettlings
nrbeiten begonnen.
Sn Bolton bat man Die 2eihe
zines iungen Mdo1en ganlens
Warp 8olouc geflunoen, oeiien Sob
ourh cine berbreherifde Opera.
tion berbeisefiibrt lit. Die 2eide
uar teilipeife ihon aeribnitten uno
batte offenbar Itiidtpeiie beieitigt
peroen iollen. Mon Bat in .8erbin.
olng NIT Der Sahe fiini Yerionen
perbaftet, unter ibnen orei ssrauen.
Die aommiiiion fir ben 5lpi.
menitaatlihen Sanoelsnerfebr bat
idarfe 8egeln fir ben @erianot BON
grploiipitoffen erldlfen, ourd bic
llngliifsfalle, ipie lie in Der letten
3eit nlebrfah porgefommen iino.
permieoen iperoen iollen.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23
NyuylBWuB 9ts
JnIanc.
Harmon
Bfoinnt i'm Jdnuar seine ~.
miaaficnscanpag1e.
Cbristbiume.
Husfuhr IN diessm Jabrs stark
gestiegsn.
LebsnsscbicksaI.
Einlpandsrung bat dies Jabr
abgenommsn.
Sa9rgang AZ.
@ouperneur cosuoIon Saru


@ounerneur Suoion Sarmon
bon Ohio miro ieine Meoe-& e-&asne
betreffs grlaneung Ser oemofrati-
1hen geonlination aIs Er6lioent
ndhIten Monat er0ffnem uno an
IL. Sanuar in Oit ct. 2ouis cine
Reoe balten llno sipor i'm 8roao-
maD-Ebeater unter Den 9[ulpisieE
oes oemofratifhen Clubs bon 81.
Clair GountD.
Willioner Don gbriitbalnnelL
melt lnebr uls in friiberen Sabreli.
iino beller gum 0erfauf alf bic
Mdrfte gebraht lmo Die Mohfrage
iuar nuBeroroentlid groB. Die ala-
ge iiber Sddoigllng Der Naoelnal-
Der, peIhe IN ieoent Sabre mieoer
5ufebren pflegte, bIeibt ieooh oies-
NAL aus. Man it, 5anal ourh oic
8erihte oes @unoesforitomtes, si
Der ueber5eugllng gelangt, buB Die
@eibnahtsbaum Snouitrie Die
Wnlobeit1noe oiir1aus niht id1-
oIgf, ibr eber noh nilblib 1T, ipeil iic
gu fleiBigen Neubepflan5ungen uno
elrler Dernilrtttgeren Jorlhptrt1datf
m Wegegenoen fiibrt Die cine lol.
DIE friiber gnr nidt gefonnt baben.
Ser @ert unierer Musfubr
ludbreno Der eriten elf Weonate bic
{ r - - - r M
les Snbres be5ifferte ii6 auf ST.
667,614,51O uto Die ginfnbr bet
fe etrien Wert bon 81 ,392, 800
226, erltere mar allo Inn ilngefobr,
475 Nfllllonen GROCER als lestere.
SIN Sobre 1910 betrng Der ueber-
ibuB tpdbreno Der erlten elf @fo-
nate nur 211 Miaioneti
Bon erifiitternoer 2ragif ilI
6er COB Der greiien gbelelite Ser
noro Sod uno oeiIen @attin So,
tbariite, bic oieier Gage furs
bintereinanoer in ibreln 9ein III
@roofIDn benz &er3l1log erlogen.
ssSSn ibrer Sugeilo in Der meltf1li-
iden Geinat Nadborfinoer, puroell
fie ouIammen aufer5ogen uno lparen
uu8ertrennlihe SpiaIfomeraoen. Sie
gelobten einanoer an8ugeboren, bod
infolge einer 3tuiihen ben Jami
lien eingetretenell gntfremoung
muroen iie ouseinanoergerilien. Bci-
De famen aber ie0er fir iid.
nah Nmerifa> beioe beirateten uno
tire beioen Gbeb1lften itarben Dor
ettpa aht Sabren. gs fam bann-
5u elmer Mnndberlnlg Der beioen
3uriifgebliebenen, llno Dor iiebell
Sobren berIndblten iie iih. UNI i'm
Gbebtrnoe oas Slid gu finoen,
nah oem iie iih ibr 2eben lang
geiebnt. 9ln ibrenl 9ooestnge lpoll-
ten iie Beioe Die iiebente Bieoer-
febr ibres Soh3eitstages feiern,
bod 0a pahte Der Eoo an. 9ern-
barb Rod entihIllinnlerte, nahocm
er iih gum Nahn1ittogsihlafde1l
bingelegt, uub Die 0arob outs 6oh-
fte erihiitterte Srau, bic i'm ge-
gen 2 llbt aufiono, itarb orei Stlln.
ben ipdter, tpGbreno iie bor Der
NeIHe oes geliebten Soften JOB, uln
fitr oellen Seelenbeil 81 beten. Sod
lfqno I'M 81 Sebensjabre uno leinc
freue Satin mar nnr Inn 5lpel
Sabre jiinger. IS NOR, iuie err
tpabnt, IN Der Seinlat cine @at-
treInoullg sfuiiden ibnen einaetreten
utlo Sod sriff Dor mebr ols orei.
BIG Jobrer sil1l Wanoerltabe, nm
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23

- 0elebrtbeit erihldet oft Nn
geiunoen Menihenoerano
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23
Giienbabu : Tabrplan.
S. e. g. g. ga6n.

S. d v. N. gabn.
No 3--gom Noroe1. $3.50 abellos
no 81 Som gtorben. .6.45 moro
90 7-2ocal bon Searne. 9<55 mpra
Mo 9-2ocal bon Baleftine. i.
........ !. ..1G.45 abenos
gp 4-8on Megifo. 1.55 nahm
No. 12-2oeal bon 2areoo (geniIdt) !.
:. 800 mor9.
abfabrt -
gso. 4 ga6 Dem Norben. .1.55 nad,m
Ato. g. Nad oent yeorben. 500 abenos
Mo. s-2ocal nad Raleitine Z. 80 nsora
9to. To- @gpreb mad 9earne.
gto. -ytad @erifo ZOO n1oru.
yao. 11-Socal mad 2arebo (semiidt)
:. -. :. -. 900 nbenos
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23

@er in Der Oefientlihfeit Ell.
ne 9folle ipielt, nuB notge6runscn
idauipielern.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1911-12-23
TUFTS Leber PiIIen

balten bas Gpliem III Orbnllna uns
oerbInoernben, tranfheiien 3niianb ha
eeber, tpclder Gran.heiten borberoeh:.
Gin Verblnasranssmittel
BON Ropfihmer5en. 3ispspiia, sdtuin.
bel, iAIeAtem geithmot i'm Nlunbs
Sobbrennen, belt9ter 3unge. Mppetit.
loli9teit, Sartleitisseit nn6
AQe biliijifn 9eiben.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29

or vehicles Knowing. not ruhher t,... made open windows in ones homo rrr' s@'orial trial Certainly we modern erumbiers in asphalted streets .heave md slsh of regret for that feature of the dear old by-gone days!
 Plodding up and down town, iovred. t,,a lafnentable old omnibuses, filled, as,Arr w. cross once said of them, "exactlv the way we stuff the carts with calves in London" A sorry spectacle, indeed. was that of well-dressed, well-bred New York CTS clinging to straps, jaded, damned. Jostied, panting in the aisle of these hearse-like equipages, to reach their goal An astute traveller from France, Mir. I. simonet in an article published at that time in the Revue des Deux Mondes. guilelessly records that he was told in New, York" it was the custom of "the ladies" on getting into a full omnibus in Fifth avenue, to seat themselves on the knees of gentlemen" already placed, The conditions of horse cars in the neigh boring avenues showed for many years no improvement upon this discomfort, and the prices of hacks" and "coaches," pro- cured after much preamble at the livery stables, were prohibitive save for the sol vent citizen.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
IN HOTEL LOBBIES
North AIabamn Fiourlshing

William N. Richardson, a prominent planter of Limestone county, is spending few days here with his daughter, Mrs Schuyler Harris.
 My county and all Of north Alabama in fact, Is in a most nourshing condi- tion,' said MT. Richardson. l have raised S6 crops qn my plantations and today l have finer crops than have seen for at least P years. I recall few in the 36 years more promising than those coming on now. My crops are tpical this season, l think, of all the broad, fertile Tennes- see valley.
 All of north Alabama has developed at most remarkable pace in the past few years Farm lands have doubled and trippled in value and today at high water mark prices, this fertile soil is the cheap est buy in Alabama Land today is selling for s15 to s30 per acre that few short years ago sold around B per acre. More intelligent farming methods are used to- day and invariably the soil responds quickly and generously. have one boy In the United States navy-a lieutenant at present on foreign cruise, another Is starting law practice here, and another will graduate from Auburn newt year scientific farmer. He is going to take charge of my farming interests and under his trained hand and modern scientific methods I expect to see every acre re- spond like garden. We must have trained farmers in Alabama just as we have trained business and professional men,.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
KINDNESS IN NEW YORK
From the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
 Two blind men who lives at Mills Hotel No. have joined forces for mutual profit, and by going arm and arm and feeling the way with their canes they are able to take walks together. stranger spoke to them on Seventh avenue the other day. If they'd like to stroll up to Central park and lie on the grass for a while the stranger would be their guide. He knew they couldn't get around a great deal, and wanted to give them pleasant aft ernoon.
 Strangers like this being rare in New York and blindness being rather a hum- drum state. they were eager to accept his offer. Wotffon't he have dinner with them at the hotel before the expedition started? He would and they took him up to their rooms. Then suddenly he was out of earshot and with him had gone s15 worth of trinkets and toilet articles from the rooms. In the evening the blind men, arm in arm made their way to the nearest station house and reported the theft. but as the voice was all they could describe of tke thief his capture isn't likely.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
City and County Agree

The direct business-like methods of commission government are to be seen in the compromise obtained from the Board of Revenue. Under this compromise no fight between city and county will occur. The city will re- ceive from the county road tax about S20,000 a year, and this sum should be devoted to the streets and outlying roads of the city. This money was paid in as a road tax and upon the roads it should be expended. If special assessment be made by the county the city's total share of county road funds will be about S40,0 900. This will prove helpful in the present sharp conflict between receipts and expen- ditures in the city.
 The commissioners deserve praise for settling this dispute without re- sort to the courts. At every turn it becomes palmer that three men are better than thirty men with thirty axes to grind in handling the city's business. The three men act directly and speedily and they do not have to consult Tom, Dick and Harry before they act. The commission form of government is winner, hands down.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
Advantages of Water Transportation

Advantages of Water Transportation
 The merchants of Montgomery re-
 gently purchased in San Francisco HOO sacks of beans. They were sent
 by water to Panama and then by rail to colon and then by water to mobile and montgomery. If the sacks had been sent by rail across the country the freight charges on them would have been S284 more. It has been further proven that freight can be sent from San Francisco to New York at 30 cents per hundred pounds in less than car load lots. Add 50 cents per one hundred pounds for the freight from New York to Mobile, and the total is 80 cents as against the charge by. the trans-continental rail roads of $l.10 per hundred pounds.
 The development of river traffic on the Mississippi can be made to benefit this city and district provided river and the Lake Borgne ca nal are utilized. Montgomery is fast becoming a trade center through the use of the Alabama river. It expects to send to Mobile 50,000 bales of cot ton in the coming cotton year. Here tofore it has sent but 12,000 bales a year. The Alabama river needs some ocks and dams, whereas the Warrior will soon have six-foot navigation the 'ear round.
 Can this district-this city afford o ignore the Warrior? Can it af- ord to let Montgomery become the thief trade center of the state? Can t afford to pay railroad rates when water rates one-half less at any rate an be had? Can it honorably stand till letting the government expend ,ver S7,O0O,OoO, and yet make no use ,f the improvement
 The Montgomery barge line is the pride and glory of the state, and the merchants of the capital city are we'll and wisely.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
"MARsE JIM, VAN ALIEN

From the Louisville Courier-Journal.
 The failure of James J. Van Alen, who tried to add to the picturesqueness of his Northamptonshire establishment by intro ducing negro servants in Rushton Hall, will cause more amusement than surprise in America.
 According to a London dispatch to the Courier-Journal, MT. Van Aen employed cook and a butler of Afro-American stock and fine complexion. To make a long story short, the white servants hadgered the negroes till they were afraid to eat or go to bed. The master of Rush. ton Hall found he wasn't master of the situation, and the negroes were dis charged. e~ ~.~'e-r
 That 1t should occur to MT. Van Alen to import negroes to create in a North amptonshire country house the "atmos- phere' of an ante-bellum establishment in the south is not astounding. The ne- groes would probably have enjoyed the play immensely. For small addition to their wages they would cheerfuly have called MT. Van Allen 'Marse Jim" and sworn to having belonged to the Van Aliens" before the war. The Amer ican negro has penchant for acting and is never so happy as when he is part of a show. He's just as fond of vain display as Mir. Van Alen. But, alas, alack and well-a-day, the British servants would not stand for a show such as MT. Van Alen planned.
 There was once upon time an estab- lishment in which negroes did not suit, and the situation was described as fol- lows:
 we've scrubbed the negroes till we've
 nearly killed 'em,
 And, finding that we cannot wash them
 white,
 We mean to gild 'em"
 Whether or not the negroes in that case objected or submitted to being gid-s ed in order that they might meet re- quirements, we don't recall. At any rate. the intention expressed in the last line was no more ridiculous than MT. Van Alen's effort to improve upon the British servant with servants whose complexions would suggest the days of slavery in section of America to which he does not belong. (
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
Thou art the armorer of my heart.
 Antony and CIeopntra.
Surplus of the Fiscal Year

The corporation tax this year will aggregate something over $26, 100000, and all of it should be in the United states treasury before the close of the treasury department tomorrow, but all of it will not be paid in by that time. Over 260,00O corporations have made returns and penalty will be assessed against all those that do not pay amounts due tomorrow. Possibly $20 LOGO, LOGO will be paid in before the fiscal year is ended.
 The estimated surplus of the United States treasury at the end of tomor- rows work is s25,00O,OO0 The de- ficit of 1908 was $2O,O0O, ,O0O, and that of 1909 was $85, 100000. In the last fiscal year the surplus was $15,000,- 0o0, and this year a surplus of about $25, ,000,000 has been accumulated.
 In these figures expenditures on ac- count of the Panama canal are not in- cluded. The money advanced by the government to build the canal has been or will be replaced from the pro- ceeds of canal bond sales. The total receipts of the fiscal year to be ended tomorrow is put at about 60,000,- 900, not including those for canal construction work at Panama.
 The canal is nearing completion and the treasury is in pretty sound con y ition. Uncle Sam has no reason to complain. Crops have been good and they promise to be better this year, and all prudent people will soon be well heeled. The country as a whole Is as sound as a round dollar.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
THREE mUsKETEERs OF ITALY

Three young army officers, chosen from the crack military organization of Italy, are chiefly responsible for the damaging evidence that is being piled up against the prisoners in the famous Camorra trial, according to an article in the July Metropolitan Magazine. These officers, whose names are Fabbroni, Farris and Cappezzuu, were selected by the King to find out the truth about the great crimi- nal society.
 Secret commands were given the min ister of war-commands which his col leagues in the departments of justice and the interior knew nothing about, and Captain Fabbroni and his companions were ordered "to purge" Naples. To- gether these Three Musketeers of Mod ern Italy laid out their campaign. Fab broni, with documents all in proper form. was to probe the archives of the police, courts, and prisons. Farirs, with letters of introduction from eminent personages in Rome, was to enter the charmed cir cle of the Neapolitan aristocracy.
 There remained for Capezutti the hard est and most dangerous task of all: He, in the guise of one of the brigands. es- caped from his own Sardinia, was to en- ter the "mala vita' of Naples and gather the roots of the Honorable Society of the Camorra, while his comrades plucked its fatal fruit in the professional and social life of the city.
 These three men began their work in silence and In darkness. Five years were before them-fve years of secret and perilous toll. Then the light was to shine over the most extraordinary and romantic feats of detection that the age can pro- duce.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
Iniorify. for Saloons


 'I have always been opposed to state in every city of considerable size there should be some provision for selling liquor legally" said a bushes man noted for his public spirit and temperate habits.
 Admitting that there is a great abuse of whisky, many men-a large majority of them, I believe-drlnk in moderation, and because a few drink to excess there is certainly no reason why moderate drinkers should be deprived of the priv ilege of their tipple At any rate. those that want liquor will get 1t by some hook or crook
 q thought a dispensary system for Bir- mingham would be the best solution of the liquor question. Some months ago l met great many citizens who spoke strongly in favor of the dispenssry. but now it seems that everybody who is not prohibitionist is in favor of saloons. A limited number of high-llcensed saloons would be far better from a moral point of view than the lawless traffic tat Is now going on. From the present oti K I would say that the saloon propos, would carry by a very substantial ma jority.
 The prohibition wave that was so con- spicuously in evidence three or four years ago was worked up by professional agi- tators and was kept rolling for a little time by self-seeking, but not far-sighted politicians. In the forthcoming local op- tion campaign politicians will be con spicuous by their absence"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
THE ROTHsCHILDS
rom Munsey's Magazine.

From MunSey s Magazine.
 One day in September, nearly hun dred wears ago, an old Jew lay dying in a gabled house that bore the device of a red shield in the ghetto of Frankfort-on- the-Main. Grouped around his bed were five stalwart sons. In a firm voice this father in Israel admonished his children to be loyal to the faith of Moses; to re- main united to the end; to intermarry and 10 obey thir mother in all things
 Observe these rules" he declared, "and you will. be rich among the richest and the world will belong to you.'
 Such was the early valedictory of Mayer Amschel Rothschild
 As everybody well knows. that death bed prophecy came true long ago. The worlds only blllionaire dynasty is evl- dence of its wisdom and foresight. Pre- miers. cabinets, whole royal successions has risen, had their brief imperial day, and tottered to their fall kingdoms of trade have developed and declined; but the reign of the Rothschilds has con tnued. Their scepter has been gold; their royal decree, the bank note.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-06-29
Army Posts to Be Reduced


 Mai. Gen. Leonard Wood. chief of staff of the United States army. Is in- sisting on the war department reducing the number of posts by one-half and his idea is a good one," said an old citizen who takes much interest In mili- tary affairs.
 ''Some years ago before the army was increased in size the skeleton regiments were more widely scattered than they are now. The trouble in reducing the number of small posts can be traced to local influence. A barracks in or near a small city is quite a help to the trade of the community, even If only two or three companies are quartered there. When plan Is discussed for withdraw ing the troops and closing the barracks local pressure is brought to bear on the congressman of the district to use his influence in Washington to have the sol diers remain where they are General Wood appeared before the House com mittee the other day to testify regard ing expenditures in the war department. He said that owing to what he called the ill-advised' location of army posts in past years and the continuing expendi- lures of money on them, it appeared to the committee as if initialy the govern ment would have to abandon millions of dollars worth of property if the general staff plan is carried out. In this connec- ton a Washington special to The New York Sun follows:
 q Commenting upon the recent activi- ty of United States troops along the Mex ican frontier, General Wood said that the proposition "as a mobilization of a skel- eton force," was a success, but "as a mobilization of a war strength division" was failure There had been, he said, no adequate preparation for reserve war supplies. Scattered small garrisons," said General Wood, "have rendered the in- struotion of officers in the command of large bodies of troops practically inn possible"
 |" Small posts were undesirable for many reasons the chief of staff said One of the main objections was that at small post a large percentage of the men were always busy cleaning up and doing police duty. " General Wood explained that by a. small post he meant a post of less than one regiment. and added that by far the greater part of the army was scattered around the country in this way. The war department, was considerably embarrassed in making plans for the abandonment of many of these posts. General Wood said. by the fact that a great deal of money had been spent on them in recent years. He also spoke of | local influence as an embarrassment to the department In its efforts to abolish many of the existing posts. Were the Texas maneuvers a success?" Chairman Helm inquired. "Yes," the general replied, \ fin so far as getting the regular reg iments to the front on time was con- cerned. There was no delay on the part of the troops. but we gave the railroads practically no advance notice and in some cases there was a delay in getting cars to transport vhe men,
 e''' Did the mobilization demonstrate ! the lack of team work in the army or-