davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1911-11-05
Wooden Printing Press.

penoeQ largely BOmeIlIneS almost wholly,
upon it when streams and ravines Were
to be crossed. .
Wooden Printing Press.
Longleaf pine contributed to the ma
chinery used on Southern plantations,
though in early times the use of farm
machinery was more limited than at
present. A large part OF the work was
done by. hand labor; but wagons and
carts were Indispensable. and the beds
We're oftenef made; Of pine than of any
other wood. E& fE'
The old Ramage printing press, made
century and half agu and now in the
National Museum at Washington, d. c.,
Is largely OF longleaf pine. .
From the earliest times the Southern
shipyards drew supplies from longleaf-
pine forests. The timber was sent to
Northern yards also, and its value for
masts was quickly recognized after the
southern forests became known. 1t Is
heavier than white pine, and to some
extent Its weight was Objectionable, but
It's other qualities were so much in les
favor that 1t speedily won its way. Be-
fore supplies began to be drawn from
the South the Riga and Danzig pines
from Northern Europe furnished ma sts
for majority of European vessels, but
az q AS" ucCdueS dIIer commerce with
the South began. the longleaf pine had
distanced its competitors in that trade
For the largest masts, however, II could
not compete with the New England white
pine. Spars. yards. and other timbers
employed in ship rigging were bountifully
supplied by longleaf pine, and large
quantities of sawed planks We're used.
Used for War Vessels.
The first war vessels built by the
United States government, beginning
about 1877, used longleaf pine to some ex-
tent, though the frames and other parts
subjected to shock and strain were of
live oak. The six vessel forming the
first Federal navy had the Southern pine
In them. The Constitution, launched at
Boston. in 1871. and which in Its long and
eventful history, captured sixteen ships,
still rides at anchor at Boston, but It can
scarcely be called the same vessel that
won the victories nearly a century ago
for piece by piece It has been rebuilt,
until practically all the old wood has been
replaced by new. However, the figure
head that ornamented the prov of the
ship when IL first sailed, remains, though
The Washington herald., 1911-11-05

Don't you think it's very strange that
Borrow doesn't pay me the SO he owes
me?'
mo! I know Borrow. I should think
1t very strange IL he did,
The Washington herald., 1911-11-05

pended largely, sometimes almost wholly,
upon it when streams and ravines We're
to be crossed. .
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

duce to a minimum the cost to tho
government of the pensions to be paid.
After considerable reflection. am very
much opposed to pension system
that involves no contribution from the
employees. / think the experience or
other governments justifies this view
but the crying necessity for some such
| contributory system, with possibly a
preliminary governmental outlay, in
order to cover the initial cost and TO
set the system going at once while the
contributions are accommodating, is
manifest on every side. Nothing will
so much promote the economy and eff
ticiency of the government as such a
system.
wish to renew my recommendation
that all the local offices throughout
the country, including collectors of in
ternal revenue, collectors Of customs,
postmasters of all four classes, immi-
grafton commissioners and marshals,
should be by law covered into the class
flied service, the necessity for con-
firmation by the senate he removed,
and the president and the others, whose
time is now taken up in distributing
this patronage under the custom that
has prevailed since the beginning of
: the government in accordance with the
recommendation of the senators and
congressman of the majority party
should be relieved from this burden;
am confident that such a change
would greatly reduce the cost of ad-
ministering the government, and that
1t would add greatly to its efficiency.
1t would take away the power to use
the patronage Of the government for
political purposes. When officers are
recommended by senator's and con-
gressmen from political motives and
for political services rendered. 1t is inn
possible to expect that while in office
the appointees will moi, regard. their
tenure as more or less dependent upon
continued political service for their
patrons, and no regulations, however.
still or rigid. will prevent this, because
such regulations in yiewaof the method
and motive for selection. are plainly
inconsistent and deemed hardly worthy
OF respect. VIM. H. Taft
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

navies. notably the British, German
and Japanese.
The building plan for this year con-
templates two battleships and two coll
liers. This is because the other and
smaller vessels can be built much more
rapidly In case Of emergency than the
battleships g. year until after the
Panama canal is finished and until In
our first line and In our reserve line
we can number forty available vessels
of proper armament and size.
The reorganization of the navy and
the appointment of four aids to the
secretary, have continued to demon
strate their usefulness. 1t would be
difficult now to administer the AFFAIRS
Of the navy without the. expert counsel
and advice of these aids, and renew
the recommendation which 1 made last
year. that the aids be recognized by
statute
1t is certain that the navy, with its
present size, should have admirals in
active command higher than rear ad-
mirals.
urge again upon congress the de-
STABILITY of establishing the council
of national defense. The bill to es-
tablish this council was before con-
gress last winter, and ii Is hoped that
this legislation will pass during the
present BeSSIOH. lne purpose OF the
council is to determine the general
policy of national defense and to re-
commend to congress and to the presi-
dent such measures relating to Ii as
1t shall deem necessary and expedient.
3 No suoh machinery is now provided
by which the readiness OF the army
and navy may be improved and the
programmes of military and naval re-
Quirements shall be co-ordinated and
properly scrutinized with a view to
the necessities of the whole nation
rather than of separate departments.
Agricultural Commerce, Labor.
For consideration of matters which
are pending or have been disposed of
in the agricultural department and in
the department of commerce and labor,
j refer to the very excellent reports
of the secretaries Of those departments.
/ shall not be able to submit to con-
gress until after the Christmas hoii-
days the question of conservation OF
our resources arising in Alaska and
the est and the question OF the rate
for second class mail matter in the
postoffice department.
The law does not require the CUB
mission OF the reports Of the commits
sion on economy and efficiency until
Dec. 81. shall therefore not be able
to submit a report of the work OF that
commission until the assembling OF
congress after the holidays.
have already advocated, in my last
annual message, the adoption of a
civil service retirement system, with a
contributory feature to it so as to re-
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

The average man doesn't think he
is having good time unless he makes
q fool of himself
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

times4o OF Alfred Austin. the poet lau-
reate.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

The Waist Sale.
Be sure and see those ladies silk
waists advertised by Howard Moody
for $7.77. They are beauties.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21
Postal Savings syatern.

On Jan. 3. 1911, postal savings de-
positories were established expert
mentally in forty eight states and ter
ritories After three months success
full operation the system was extended
as rapidly as feasible to the 1900 post
offices Of the first, second, and third
classes constituting the presidential
grade. BY the end OF the year prac-
tically all OF these will have been de-
signated and then the system will be
extended to all fourth-class postoffices
doing money order business
In selecting postoffices for deposi-
tories consideration was given to the
efficiency OF the postmasters and only
those offices where the ratings were
satisfactory to the department have
been designated. Withholding deeig-
nation from postmasters with unsatis-
factory ratings has had a sa1utary
effect on the service,
The deposits have kept pace W ith
the extension OF the system. Amount
ing to only $60,652 at the end OF the
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

The relationship between the Judge
and the clerk makes it ungracious for
members of the bar to complain of the
clerk or for department examiners to
make charges against him to be heard
by the court, and an order OF removal
of clerk and a judgment for the re-
covery of fees are in some cases re-
luctantly entered by the Judge For
this reason recommend an amend
ment to the law whereby the president
shall be given power to remove the
clerks for cause This provision need
not interfere with the right of the
judge to appoint his clerk or to re-
move him
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

At the beginning or the present ad-
ministration in 1909 the postal service
was in arrears to the extent or $17,-
479, ,770.47. 1t was very much the larG-
est deficit on record. In the brief
space OF two years this has been turned
into surplus of $22O,000, which has
been accomplished without curtailment
of the postal facilities. as may be seen
by the fact that there have been es-
tablished S,744 new postoffices; de-
livery by carrier has been added to the
service in 1876 cities; 2,516 new rural
routes have been established. covering
$4,000 miles; the force OF postal en-
ployees has been increased in these two
years by more than 5000 and their
average annual salary has had a sub
stantial increase.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1911-12-21

A matter of first Importance that
will come before congress for action
at this session is monetary reform.
The congress has itself arranged an
early introduction of this great ques-
tion through the report of its monetary
commission. This commission was
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
TURKEY HENS QUITE TIMlD
Always Endeavor to Lay Eggs Where
Nc One VIII Find Them--shouid
Be Watched. H. y.
CBy b. ]. sPERRY.)

The turkey hen rs always anxious
to lay her eggs where no one will
find them, and sometimes those that
lay early in the spring will steal their
nests In some outsof-the-way place,
where the owner viii not and them
until the first eggs laid are destroyed
by the cold. This emphasizes the i'm
portance of watching the hens closely
and locating the nests early. The
eggs should be taken away after the
hen has left the nest each day. Hard
boiled duck eggs, or even large hens
eggs, hard boiled should be put In
their places to satisfy theslayer.
1t Dis not wise to go near these nests
while the hens are on them, or to re-
move the eggs while the hens are in
the vicinity If they discover that tho
nests are found they are quite likely
to steal others and abandon the first.
When the hens becsme broody and
settle down on the nests to stay. the
fake eggs may be removed and their
own eggs put back while they are
away feeding.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
Feeding Laying Hens.

There can be no cast iron rules laid
down for feeding laying hens. Individ-
ual hens will often overfatten, while
others in the same pen, with the same
food, will remain in proper condition,
says q writer in an exchange. The
writer uses the following method,
which he has followed for 30 years,
and which has always proved effec-
tive: In the morning mash is given
composed of bran. two parts; mid
dilngs, ground oats, corn meal and
meat scraps. each one part, and linseed
meal Ave per cent. Slightly moisten
with water. Give all the green food
they will eat during the day, and at
night feed a mixture of two parts
whole wheat, two parts oats and one
part whole corn. The parts In the mash
food are by weight, while the parts In
the grain food are by measurement. OF
the mash food large iron spoonful ia
allowed for every two fowls In the pen.
and Of the evening grain food good
handful is given to each fowl in the
pen. The grain food 10 thrown among
hay, straw or leaves to make them
scratch and exercise. Grit, charcoal
and cracked oyster shell are constantly
before them. At'
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
he pains to look up the figures.

the pains to look up the figures.
"They are reaching out in England
for a higher tax on incomes, and 1t
was the operation of this new law that
brought forth the information. In the
United Kingdom there are more than
10000 persons with an income of more
than $4,000 year. They average
$4,000 year each. There are 20
men in commercial pursuits who have
an income each of more than $3.50, 600.
Il am told that you can find 20 men
In one business block down town In
New York city with that income, and
anxious to double 1t. Possibly in
some of your industrial towns you
have groups of millionaires who will
laugh at our claims In England Of
large incomes. But our average to
the population will keep up well.
f, THE aggregate gross income of the
Inhabitants OF the United Kingdom Is
more than $4,000, 900, 900, and the aver.
age to each inhabitant will compare
favorably with the annual incomes of
citizens on this side of the water"
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
KILLING OFF THE MOSQUITO
Much Has Been Done With Crude
4 Petroleum, and the Fish Expert
4 rnent Works Well.

According to those who have given
much time to the question of destroy
Ing the mosquito, considerable prog
ress has been made In that direction
In the last few years. Many of the
breeding places have been wiped out
In New Jersey and Staten Island, but
unfortunately enough still remain to
give the insects plenty Of chance to
multiply. Crude petroleum has been
used with good effect In places where
the drainage Is bad, but this, OF
course, can bring only temporary
cessation of breeding.
The fish experiment Ia said to have
been used successfully in the Barba.
dos. All the swamps and ponds we're
stocked some years ago with a spe-
cies Of fish that feed on the larvae
OF the mosquito. These fishes multiply
rapidly and thrive In the West In
dian waters. In short time there
were millions of them In the swamps
and pponds and 1t was observed that
mosquitoes were comparatively scarce
In the islands.
The success Of this experiment led
to the stocking of standing waters In
jamaica year or two ago, and the
health authorities of that island re-
port considerable diminution OF fe-
yer as q result of the destruction OF
the mosquito larvae.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
y STOCKS, BONDS, CEREALS =

tions, popular clamor should modei-
ates competition should be at least
! partially restored and in the end the
| outlook ought to be for more peace
full political conditions. 1t will not,
| however, do to be oversanguine re-
garding the latter until there has
been material reduction in the
present cost of living--that is still
one Of the burning issues of the day
The Steel Corporation.
The event OF the week was the de-
claration of the directors Of the Unit
ed States Steel Corporation that in
| their belief it was not a law -breakins
organization, and that it was not
contemplating any voluntary dis
solution. This temporarily set a,
rest alarming rumor and checked the
wholesale liquidation which began In
the early part of the week The
question as to whether the Steel Cor
poration has broken the law unln-
tentially or otherwise may yet have
to be settled by the courts: if SO, will
mean long and strong legal battle.
The Steel Trust is the greatest of all
industrial combinations and as such
is naturally the center of political at
tack. The fact that it's securities
are distributed on an unequaled scale
renders it's position all the more in.
teresting and important. Com
missioner Herbert Knox Smith has
already called attention to the prac-
tical monopoly of the best iron mines
In the country upon which the Steel
Trust places high valuation, and
this at least is likely to be an impot
tant point of contest. Probably 1T 4
will not be proved or even alleged
that the United States Steel Corpor-
alton as a whole is monopoly. That
it has exerted a large influence upon
prices will doubtless be proved. 1t |
may also be declared practicai
monopoly in certain respects. That
it has conducted hostile warfare upon
any of its competitors will not be
proved. In many respects the man
agement of the United States Stee,
Corporation is admirable and deserv-
ing of high praise, but in the present
state of public temper and with such
vital economic issues awaiting set
tlement, it seems hardly possible for
the United States Steel Corporation
to avoid the strictest scrutiny of the
law.
HENRY CLEWS.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
WAR EFFECT INDIRECT
Henry Clews Says Much Depends Up.
on How Foreign Bourses Re.
gard the Conflict.

New York, October Henry
Clews says: The outbreak of war be-
tween Italy and Turkey will only
affect this country indirectly. Much
depends upon how the foreign Bour-
SEES regard the impending struggle.
1t certainly has disturbing possible
ties, considering Germans active in
terst in Turkish affairs.
Many stocks are selling at ex-
ceedingly attractive figures as ii.
vestments, and it may be mentioned
that dividend disbursements on De-
tober | will aggregate about $3.50.
600, 1000. Purchases Of stocks should
however, be made with sharp discrim-
ination, preference being given to
the better class of railroad issues. II
would seem as if the railroads hao
discounted all known adverse comb.
tions. They know pretty we'll what
is to come in the form of increaseu
expenses and decreased traffic, and
have comparatively little to fear from
Government Interference.
The regulation of railways has
already made considerable pro-
gress and removed many of the for
mer points Of criticism. With tho
industrials, the situation is quite
different. They have just entered
upon an exceedingly trying period
Not few Of the larger concerns will
be Obliged to dissolve. This will be
disconcerting and Irritating to mana
gers and owners, still it should be
that these great organ
izations must continue in business.
There will be little check upon prL
duction and manufacturing. Real
values will not be destroyed There
may be some diminution of monopoly
profits, and some of the advantages
Of combinations for regulating prices
will, of course, be lost. Some of
these organizations, however, have
proven unduly profitable and were
largely responsible for the present
outcry against corporations.
With the removal of these ohjec-
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02

The more | see Of the plant and
converse with men who are succeed
ing In growing 1t the more / am ii tne
opinion that II will grow Oh rnaAy
farms where y has proven failure.
There is no question bat that 1t fs n
very valuable feed to use to balance
the rations Of farm animals and
those who have fed it are pleased
with the results.
Many who have read about 1t ara
skeptical and win not give 1t fasr
trial and many times when they do
try It they so at 1t In half-hearted
manner and throw the seed upon ti.a
soil anywhere It happens to drop ana
condemn the plant If they happen u
get unsatisfactory results.
h There Is no use trying to grow oil.
falfa unless the soil is In the best state
OF filth possible and properly manured
and fortified for the young plants are
tender and will not thrive unless the
conditions are favorable.
If alfalfa 10 started under the FOL.
lowing conditions and you fail TO got
q good stand you can rest assured that
you have done your part and after
trying three or four times and failing
you may then declare it failure. But
not until then should you give up Try.
ing.
A rich well drained soil that IA we'll
supplied with humus, by the addition
Of fine stable manure and cover crops
and compact seed bed must be ng
tanned Most OF the successful grow
ers SOW about 20 pounds OF seed to
the acre without nurse crop.
1t must have frequent clipping to
hold the weeds In check. but must
never ne cut until 1t has obtained
fair growth and vigorous root sys.
tenn.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02

make conversation I've closed the
window, I've knocked your umbrella
down twice just SO could hand 1t to
you; I've offered you time table, q
fan. and assisted you with your suit
case, but to no avail. My only reward
was an ice cold Thank you.
According to the omnipotent time
table you and l are destined to travel
together for six more hours. Let's be
sociable. One misses heap OF fun In
this world through ridiculous conven-
tionRlitieB."
Train mountaineering are dan
gerous,' insisted Peggy Last year,
through a peculiar incident, / spoke
to stranger travelling in the same
section with me; he discovered my
name and address on my suitcase.
Since then ! have been pestered with
silly letters, nonsensical postcards
and impossible souvenirs, so repeat,
kindly consider this conversation at
an end"
by George! / won't" declared
Chester, becoming more and more in
terested In the girl.
well, of course, II you wish to talk
to yourself have no right to ask you
to desist." stated Peggy friendly. "But
a real gentleman would not enforce
his company on defenseless young
Lady travelling alone"
For afteen minutes there was an
embarrassing silence. then Peggy
coughed. Chester continued to gaze
moodily out of the window. Again
Peggy coughed-a little louder this
time. Chester continued gazing out
of the window, then she said coquet-
tishly:
May borrow your newspaper. I
wish to finish that story"
Chester handed her the paper, their
eyes met and they both laughed.
Il am curious to know why you are
SO interested in that story" he asked.
'Tll answer your question by ask
ing another. Tell me your opinion of
It," said Peggy.
MY opinion! i think itB tommy
rot; an absurd, miserable little sketch.
Nothing to It; nothing at all. How
any man can consider 1t worthy OF
publication is beyond my comprehen-
sion. / gave Cornell the dickens for
accepting 1t, too"
Cornell? What has he to do with
1T" asked Peggy in surprise.
II happen to be the literary editor
Of this paper; Cornellsis my assistant.
While on my vacation he accepted
some material that showed poor fudg.
ment on his part. but this is the
worst. He insists It has real merit
I fail to see 1t. I'm borry; | guess I
spoke too sharply to him. He's 4
splendid smart feliow--rarely fails in
anything-wish I'd never seen that
fool story.
May ask you why you are 30 in.
terested in it," asked Chester.
Observation-Disclosures l wrote
It," said Peggy
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
Special Privilege.

Rev. Lyman Powell OF Northampton
has bright little son who ia very
much frightened in thunderstorms,
says the Cosmopolitan. One day a
heavy shower came up when the lit.
tie fellow had wandered away from
the house. His father, who was watch
ing for him. saw him come running
toward home as the first drops fell.
He looked terrified and his lips were
moving.
What were you saying?" asked his
father.
i was reminding God that am
minister's son." the boy replied.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02

New plantations Of rhnbarb should
be made as soon as possible in the
spring. Lnneas and Victoria are
two popular varieties. Ordinarily the
new plantations are made by u,i6g the
divided roots from old plantations
Only the strong, he:.thy eyes shohd
be used from strong, healthy roots. In,
Ohio grower applies annually to bis
rhubarb bout 40 tons of manure per
acre. Smaller applications VIII an.
swer the purpose. but liberal mnnur
Ing is undoubtedly very essential for
the production Of large stalks The
manure can then be Incorporated with
the soil by the use of proper imple.
mants.
The Cairo bulletin., 1911-10-02
DON'T TELL OF THEIR RICHES
Great Britain Has Many MlIIionaires
Who Keep Quiet About Their
Great Wealth.

while people in Europe marvel at
the big incomes of our American mag
nates.' said Arthur Albert Brooks,
late Of London, who has come to this
side for permanent residence, ut must
be admitted that there are many men
Ia Great Britain who are blessed with
large incomes and are careful to make
no reference to the fact that the news.
papers. Possibly England has as many
millionaires to the population as this
country. but 1t would be disputed on
hand By any one who had not taken