The Topeka state journal., 1911-09-29
State Of Hostility Begins at
$3.50 This Afternoon.
POrte's Reply to UItimatum
Proves to Be Unsatisfactory.
ANSWER is EVASIVE.
Note Is Conciliatory 5and Asks
for Further Delay.
The Trouble Dates Back as Far
1873.

Rome. Sept. 2e-Italy has declared
war on Turkey The official announce
rnert was made late this afternoon
It declared that the two countries were
in a state of war beginning at 2:9C
o'clock on the afternoon of Friday
Septena Der 29.
This is the hour at which the italian
ultimatum to Turkey expired and fol-
lowed session of the cabinet, al
which the Turkish reply was considered
and found unsatisfactory. Though
every Indication pointed to this action
by the royal government there was al
ways a possibility that the good Offices
Of other governments would be sue
cessful in avoiding hostiHties, and when
the final decision of the cabinet was
announced the excitement throughout
the city was intense.
Throughout the earlier hours of the
day the papers had issued special edi-
tions announcing that the Italian feet
was moving in plain sight of the coast
OF Tripoli and intimating that war
might be declared at any moment
Action Was Quick.
The minister of foreign affairs,
Signor Di san Giuliano, received the
Turkish reply from the Turkish am
bassador this morning and Immediately
went into conference with his asso-
ciates in the ministry. 1t is under
stood the Ottoman government COM
pletely conceded Italy's economic
claims in Tripol, but evaded direct
answer demanded by this government
which had set forth in its ultimatum
that Turkey must say that she would
not resist the proposed occupation of
TripOli and Cyrene. Instead the porte
sent a conciliatory note suggesting
further delay.
It was known that at the same time
Turkey transmitted q note to the pow
ers in which it is assumed that she
represented herself as the injured par
ty and by Inference, at least, sought
their Intervention. The royal govern
ment decided to stand absolutely by
the ultimatum of yesterday and in the
absence of the reply called for to de-
clare Italy and Turkey in a state of
war from the hour that the ultimatum
of "a hours expired
Italy will provide for the safety of
? Italians and all other foreigners in
Tripol and Cyrene, using to this end
all the means at her disposal
The blockade of the entire coast of
TripoH and CyTenaica Will be under
taken Immediately and a notificatio
powers.
Close Blockade Is Ordered.
Chiasso, on the Italian frontier. Sept
2a.-The Italian fleet has been ordered
to maintain a close blockade of the
Tripolitan coast and prevent by force
the landing of farther reinforcements.
Secret instructions have been given for
the strategic distribution of ships along
the Albanian, Macedonian and Syrian
coasts the moment action is begun, to
prevent any attempt by Turkey to at
tack the Italian coast through private
orders which would be easy from the
Albanian coast, which is on the op-
posite side of the Adriatic sea and is
but a few hours sail from the Italian
coast which is quite undefended-
The ships have been instructed to de-
fend not only Italians but all foreign
ers on Ottoman territory, landing
forces if necessary or taking fugitives
aboard. The expedition consists of a
complete army corps which will be
used in its entirety if necessary It
will be commanded by General c.
Caneva who has formed his staff with
General Briccoola and General Pecori
each in command of a division and
with General GastaldellO of the general
staff His instructions are that the
occupation of Tripoli and Cyrene shall
be conducted with the least possible de-
lay but with prudence to avoid both
foreign complications and unnecessary
bloodshed.
Admiral Aubrey. in command of the
italian vessels in the waters of Tripoi
begin the occupation is issued. to en-
bark Immediately the few Italians who
may be left there and any foreigners
wishing to leave. These it is thought
will amount to about 100
Turkeys Reply to UItimatun1.
Constantinople, Sept. 29.-The Turk
ish reply to the ultimatum Of italy.
which demanded assurances that there
will be no resistance to the Italian
military OCCUPATION of TripOli and
Cyrene, was communicated to the Ital-
ian charge. Signor Di MartinO at $50
o'clock this morning
The message was couched in friendly
terms and expressed surprise at the
action of Italy in view of the cordial
countries It pointed out that Italian
interests in Tripoh mad not been
threatened and expressed the hope that
italy would desist from her contempla-
ted measures. Assurance was given of
Turkeys desire for a settlement of
the matters perding between the two
governments
The reply also stated that Italian
subjects in Ottoman territory were ex-
posed t. TO danger as the authori-
ties AFFORDED them protection and ad-
ded that Turkish military measures
had been suspended during the period
CT the negotia tiOns for a settlement OF
on at a ce binet council which cOntin-
ued at the palace from late yesterday
until early today
Upon receiving The communication
the Italian charge Immediately tele-
graphed it to Rome. Tie impression
in diplomatic circles is that the note
viii not be satisfactory to italy The
Turkish squadron has left Beirut and
If returning to ConstantinopIe- Ever
precaution has been taken to preserve