New-York tribune., 1911-12-28
Vast Dependencies Of Mongolia
and TurkeStan To Be Pro-
claimed Independent
To-day.
ACT OF DISBURSEMENT
Both Will Pass Under Influence
of Their Great Northern
Neighbor and Be Writ.
ual Protectorates
of the Gear.
TO ANNEX AT HIS PLEASURE

Manchuria, Will Bring Pc
king Three Days Near
er to Europe.
most equals China proper in size, will be
proclaimed independent tomorrow, 81
rlultaneously with the cutting off from
China Of the vast dependency Of Tur-
kestan.
Both will pass under Russian inhu-
ence and viii practically become Rus
sian protectorates Russia will at any
time be able TO annex them.
A grand khan will be named as Mon
arch of Mongolia.
The construction of the Transmon-
gClian Railway, for which Russia has
long sought permission from China, will
now be matter Of time. Europe thereby
coming nearer to Pcking by three or
four days.
Russian influence will flank the Jap
anese sphere i'm Manchuria periously.
and japanese alliance for the sake II
preserving Japanese interests may
sooner or later be expected
Russian officers and officials, il not ths
Russian government proper. have infiu-
enced this action in Mongolia.
ltrom The Tribune Bureau
Washington, Dec. 2I.-No information
of the prospective declaration of the in
dependence of Mongolia, or even of Tur-
kestdn, had reached the Department OF
State up TO a late hour this evening, all
though there have been rumors from
time to time that such a result might
follow the present disturbance, especially
in the case of Mongolia. The officials OF
the department declined TO accept press
dispatches from Pekng as conclusive.
saying that i'm view of the fact that all
sorts Of rumors are afioat in the Chinese
capital it is the part of wisdom TO await
official advices.
Both Mongolia and Turkestan ara
frontier provinces, sparseiy settled, tho
population being nomadic in character.
I'm neither has Chinese authority been
asserted with any note Of certainty al
though China has, of course. assumed To
exercise authority over both. Should
these provinces proclaim their inde-
pendence the result would probably be
the exercise Of what amounted to a pro-
tectorate by Russia, although that would
not necessarily follow.
II is quite possible that at a time when
many Of the Chinese provinces are
threatening to declare their independence
OF the empire these as we'll as other
provinces might proclaim their separs-
ton. only to enter later into some sort OF
federation. In the view OF tho Depart
ment of State, there can be only specu-
alton for the present and even should
the first dispatches from PekinS be con-
frmed officially it would probably Do
some little time before IT would be pos
siblc definitely to interpret the meaning
of such a step on the part of Mongolia
and Turknstan.
II may be asserted positively that this
government has not been consulted re-
gardlng such a step, either by the au-
thorities IN Peking or by those i'm the
provinces. in so far as there are such.
The seeding territory has an aggregate
of more than 10000 square miles. Tho
area of China proper is more than i.500.-
600 square miles. and that of the whole
Chinese Empire 4,277.170 square miles
Mongoas vast territory occupies both
terraces Of the great plateau Of East Asia'
stretching to the south of Siberia between
the Sailughem range Of tho Altsi and tho
Great Khingau-with the exception OF
Dzungaria. II is separated from ManchuriA
and China proper by the border ridge OF
the plateau In the southwest IL runs up
to tho foot of the high northern ridge OF
the Tibetan plateau. II also touches on
Turkestan and Dzungaris. Its administra-
tive limits are not exactly defined.
The population, numbering about i've
million. consists of Mongols Eastern Mons
gols and Kalmucks i'm the West-yarioO
Turcoman tribes. Chinese and Tuuguses.
Cattle breeding is tho chief occupation.
Agriculture is carried on intcrmittenty,
chiefly i'm ;he south There are also var-
Gus domestic industries Of minor import
ancc.
Before the Manchurisn conquest the
Mongols were governed by their own feu-
dal princes each group OF principalitics
constituting an aimak which. under the
Manchu rule, became military corps.
over these were appointed four Msnchu
generals. Internal affairs were
administered by the princes nominated
from Peking. who elected khan from
their number. with an adviser nominated
from Peking. In later years, however.
Mongolia has been administered by IAfan
Yuen. or SUPPLEMENTARY. with headquar-
ters' at Peking. The territory is divided
into an inner ana an outer division. Inner
Mongolia lying between the desert OF
Cobb. China proper and Manchura, has
had over ii TWO military ors-generai
and two commlssaries. having control OF
civil matters One pair of officials was
stationed at kalgan and the other at Jehol.
Outer Mongolia, the remairer of the ter
ritory. contains only four animals, three OF
which are under hereditary khsns There
Urga was the seat of Chinese imperial
agent on Amban and VAS considered the
capital OF Mongolia.
ON December , urga declared tn. inde-
, tcntiutea on Nth nara