davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
HEAT WAVE IN GERMANY
Many Deaths and Prostrations-l0
Soldiers Fall Out of Ranks.

Berlin, July 2i.-The heat wave has not
ahated. It's terrible effects throughout the
country are shown in the dozens OF deaths
and hundreds OF prostrations. A hundred
soldiers. of whom two died. fell out Of
ranks in the course OF exercises al Halle.
Prussan Saxony,
At the same place great factory stopped
work because Of lack of water. six hun
died persons being thrown out OF employ
ment. Twenty deaths In two days are re-
ported in the Province OF Saxony Thirty
deaths have occurred in the last three days
botv cen DuiSburg and Cologne.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
FLOODS SWEEP LUZ0N
Heavy Rains Ruin Crops, Dam
age Railroads, Cause Suffering.

Manila, July 2i.-Floods are sweeping
over Luzon. following two typhoons and
thirteen days Of continuous rains. The
crops have been ruined and sections Of
the railroads destroyed. Great damage
has been done by column Of water that
broke through a dam on the Benguel
road, carrying everything before IT.
Thirty-nine inches of rain fell in one
day at Baguio, and seventy-four inches
in four DAYS. There is much suffering.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
WILSON LOSES MAIL POUCH
Believed Papers of U. S. Ambas-
sador Stolen by Mexican Rebels.
fHv Telcgraph 10 The Tribune


Now Orleans, July pa message re-
ceived here by the Southern Pacific Rail
road contains the announcement that
the American Ambassador, Henry Lane
Wilson. while en- route from Mexico CITY
10 Washington. lost a valuable man
pouch. The ambassador urges speciai
diligence In the search for the missing
package, saying it contains valuable
papers.
The officials Immediately sent out IRA
GERS in all directions. but early tonight
no report upon the bag had been made.
The pouch, believed TO contain important
documents relating to affairs In Mexico,
was sent AS part of Mr.. wilson's per
sonal baggage and was checked In the
Mexican capital The railroad men rear
the pouch was stolen by Mexican repeIs.
and can offer no other explanation or
the affair.
Mr.. Wilson pass~l thror"H he" IN
Saturday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
ON ADVICE OF HAMMOND
South African Company Acquires
Interest in Yukon.

London. July 25--"The Daily Mall
learns that the Consolidated Goldfield
Company. Of South Africa, on the advice,
it says. of John Hays Hammond, has ac-
quired considerable interests in the
Yukon field.
The Consolidated intends To float new
company with a ca2ital'of sS,000,OOo.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
LLOYDS REFUSE WAR RISKS
Will Accept No Liabilities for
Dates Later Than August 8.

London. July 24-Underwriters at
LloySs' have given notice that they will
marine insurance contracts after Au-
gust s
The decision is believed to have been
prompted partly by the Moroccan diff
Guilty and partly by the governments
approval of the Declaration Of London.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
RETALIATES ON NEW YORK
New Jersey Closes Roads to
Autoists for Nominal Fee.
GBy Telegraph TO The Tribune !

Trenton, y. j., July 24.-J. b. r.
Smith. State Commissioner Of Motor
Vehicles. announced to-day that here
after the eight-day motoring privilege
would not he granted To automobile
owners of New York. This means that
New York autoists will have To take out
yearly license If they wish TO use the
roads Of New Jersey. The license fees
are 50, 50. and So according TO the
horsepower of the vehicle.
This action is taken against New York
because no reciprocal automobile legis-
lation has been enacted. Relations
with Pennsylvania and Delaware were
discontinued some time ago. The eight
day privilege was given to the visitors
for 81 fee.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
BELLEVUE ORDERLY MAY
HAVE AS|AT|c CHOLERA
He Attended Sailor Stricken
There with Disease, and
Then Was Isolated.
NURSES IN WARD DETAINED
First Bellevue Cholera Patient
Too III to Explain How He
Caught Infection-The In
vestigation to Go On.

Another case Of what was believed to
be Asiatic cholera developed in Bellevue
Hospitsl last night The patient was
the orderly who attended Manuel Ber-
NUDES. :he sailor who was removed 10
Swinburne Island on Saturday.
Edgar Hermann, the orderly, came To
this country from Germany seven years
seo and 10 New York City In 1909. He
has been at Bellevue Hospital six
weeks.
DIR. George OHanlon, general medical
superintendent of Bellevue Hospital,
said last night that the first indication
Of cholera symptoms in Hermann mari
tested themselves at 4 o'clock yesterday
afternoon.
The orderly was Immediately placed
in an isolated room at the hospital,
where Or O'Hanlon said he would be
kept under close observation until the
disease could be defnitC diagnosed.
He said last night that while the first
symptoms pointed strongly to choleri
no,hinc positive could be ascertainei
until some time this afternoon the dls-
case recurring about twenty-four hours
10 disclose itself.
Intestinal cultures will he made at the
hospital. and If the patient is found 10
ne suffering from cholera the Health
Officer will be notified and the patient
removed u the Swinburne Island hos
pital at once.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25

This action is likely TO be as unpopular
in certain parts OF New Jersey. more par
ticularly Atlantic city. Long Branch and
other summer resorts, as II will be in New
York. Warning was given. however that
II the New York Legislature did not take
some action TO establish automobile rect
procity the New Jersey roads would be
closed to visiting motorists unless the fun
yearly fee is paid
Those who have worked for new auto
law In New Jersey contend that the state
VIII sufer material loss. as many tourists
VIII now Journey I'm other directions rather
than pay the yearly license fec
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25

COMMONS WILHELM SESSION
members Yesterday ne
tempted o
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
DEATH TO DIVORCE.

Chicago. July PA few hours after re-
ceiving notice that his wife had begun suit
for divorce William ID. Hechlor. thir:y-two
years old salesman from Pittsburg. com
mitted suicide In "A hotel here by shooting
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25

Flavor all summer drinks with Angos.
turs Btters, delicious appetizer and tonic
-Advt.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
Hermann Really Guaranteed.

Herrmann's clothes and person were
thoroughly fumigated after the removal
Of Bermudes. but he was not permitted
to leave Ward B-4 Of the hospital.
which has been practically quarantined.
Since Saturday no patients have been
admitted to the ward, and those there
when Bermudes was isolated have not
been allowed TO depart. The nurses at
tached 10 the ward have been denied the
privilege Of quitting that part of the
hospital.
The Department Of Health has been
notified by the hospital authorities, who
requested that a representative Of the
Board Of Health examine the sick man
IN conjunction with DR.. Charles u. Nor
ris. pathoogist and hacteriologist Of
Bellevue. who will give the case his per-
sonal care.
Hermann was on duty in the ward
YESTERDAY morning and all Of Sunday.
Early Yesterday afternoon he COM
planned OF not feeling we'll and when
examined by a hospital physician was
found to he suffering from diarrhea. His
isolation followed.
AT late hour last night he had shown
no signs Of extreme prostration or fever
the rest of the cholera symptoms.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25
Sailor Still Too III TO Talk.

Bermudes has been too i'll at the Swim
burne Island hospital TO inform the
Quarantine officials as to the name Of
the steamship on which he came to this
country.
Or Doty said yesterday that he was
inclined TO the supposition that Bermu-
des arrived here on July on the Brit
ish steamship Teodoro de Larrinaga,
which left Buenos Ayres May %, Mon
tevideo on May 81. Para on June Is
and -. Lucia on June q. on June 80
the steamship sailed from Boston, ar
irving in New York on July =. She left
this port for Norfolk on July 4.
Isaac F. Cohen, deputy commissioner
appointed by Governor Dix TO take testi-
mony at the investigation of the admin
istration Of Or. Alvah II. Doty, Health
officer of the Port, said yesterday that
the hearing would he continued in the
county Court House probably tomorrow
morning but at all events not later he
believed, than Thursday at 10 a. m.
Asked concerning the truth of the re-
port that Governor Dix had expressed
10 Judge Charles y. Bulger, in charge
cause Of the published interview in
which Judge Bulger severely criticised
the administration OF the Health Officer,
MIR. Cohen replied:
The answer TO that is that Governor
Dix, after going over various matters
with Commissioner Bulger and myself
al Albany last week, has instructed us
70 20 ahead with the investigation.
specifying merely that in view of the
present cholera situation DR.. Doty and
his various associates, including his Of
fee and medical staff, must not be called
Co the stand"
Charles Dushkind. attorney for the
complaining immigrants, said yesterday
that he was gathering sufficient data
along a new line Of inquiry TO enable
him 10 continue the investigation to-
morrow morning.
George s. Schofeld, attorney for DR..
Doty said at his home at Rosebank.
Staten Island, at "A late hour last night.
that Commissioner Bulger had promised
him forty-eight hours notice in which
to prepare for the continuation Of the
hearing, and that as yet he had re-
ccived no instructions.
The Cushing and Mills families at
clifton, Staten Island, who have been
N quarantine at No, IL Fingerboard
Road since the death Of Patrick +.
cushing, the watchmsn. from cholera on
July ID. were released by the Depart
hent Of Health yesterday.
Doty Hasn't Heard Of Serum.
Dr. DOty said last night that he had
received no sample of the serum re-
ported in dispatch from Boston as
having been forwarded 10 that city by
'he government authorities at Washing
'oh Tor use In the treatment of cholera.
ne added that he believed the author-
ues would have mentioned TO nm the
'Aistence Of the serum and sent MN
supply Of it if the report that th"y
Continued IN third page
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25

Continued on second page.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1911-07-25

Continued ON third page
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
IS
ADDED TO LIST
Chicago Black Hand Strikes Down
Another-Victim's Skull Is
Crushed.

Chicago. March 27.-A black hand
assassin yesterday struck down vic
tim Sc. His name is Dominic Coci
and he lived at 1876 Mackinaw ave
nue., South Chicago. The crime was
committed with an iron rod eighteen
inches long and two inches thick.
While the South Chicago police
were busy trying 10 learn the idenu-
ty of the victim of the federal gov
ernment were working to trace the
sender of a threatening letter receiv-
ed by Judge Lands, and while 20 or
more detectives were trying to find
the assassins who shot and wounded
Anthony Bardiana, 1885 Wabansia
avenue, the black hand-Rs II to dis
play its contempt for it's enemies
killed its latest victim almost within
sight of so fellow workmen.
Coci was working near a furnace at
the Federal furnace company at 10Sth
street and the Calumet river He
walked to the rear of the furnace to
attend to some work about 1 o'clock
in the morning. He failed TO return
and fellow workmen went in search
of him. They found him lying beside
the furnace. His skull was crushed.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
ITALIANS OBSERVE
JUBILEE OF UNITY
Celebration Starts at Midnight and
Includes Meeting With King
Speaker.

Rome. March 27.-Celebration Of the
ress today. At midnight a gun was
fired and the bell on the capitol was
rung. From that hour the city was
astir. Bands playing patriotic airs
traversed the streets. which were
bright with lights and gay with flags
and bunting, and a crowd filled the
squares. Some disorderlies attempted
to approach the vatican, but were turn
ed back by the police. During the
morning hours King Victor Emmanuel,
Queen Helena, the ministry, diplomats.
members of parliament and others met
at the capitol. where speeches were
made King Victor Emmanuel was one
of the speakers.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
ART IMPORTERS
ARE FINED FOR
CUSTOM FRAUDS

New York, March 27.-Loufs Duven,
and Jos Duven. importers were fined
$4,000 on the plea Of guilty today 10
charges Of undertaking imports art
objects. The fines were paid.
United States Distrit Attorney Wise
and counsel for the Owens. 1t vas
stated later, have reach a compromise
agreement for a settlement Of the
governments civil suit for $4,000. 600
against the firm Of Duyen Brothers.
According to the reported terms Of
settlement the Duyens deposit S1,21O,-
900 with the United States treasurer
in fell discharge OF ali claims against
been underpaid in the importation OF
objects Of art
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27

ton, Bureau county, chairman Of the
senate committee on civil service,
spoke on The Down State Demand
for Comprehensive Civil Service Leg
islation." He declared that in their
public affairs as in their private af-
fairs, the people of the state desired
to be both progressive and upright.
SENATE READY.
He said ina, or the 411.6TG votes
cast in favor of comprehensive civil
service legislation last November.
245,396 came from the counties out
side of Cook and that of the 121, 1872
votes case against the proposition
only 66,63S came from the 100
down state counties. Senator Magill
suggested that II the house did not
put a comprehensive state bill up TO
the senate, the senate would put
such a bill up TO the house. AS evil
dence he cited the fact that his COM
mittee had voted last week 70 re-
port out a comprehensive state bill,
recommending that II pass.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
STATE CIVIL
SERVICE RALLY
Meeting at Chicago Protests
Against Amendments
Made in House.
POINTS TO PARTY PLEDGES
Speakers Declare Senate Ready &c
Pass Bill Such as Platforms
Promised.

Chicago, March 27.-A state civil
service rally attended by citizens
from numerous towns in this section
and addressed by speakers from
southern and central Illinois was
held here at the City club at noon
today. The purpose of the meeting
was TO register a protest against pro-
posed vicious amendments to the
comprehensive state civil service
bill which is 10 come up as a special
order in the house at Springfield
this week. Wednesday morning.
Is NON-PARTIsAN.
II was a non-partisan meeting.
Senator H. s. Magill, Jr.. of Prince
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
MAGAZINES GO BY FREIGHT
Postmaster General Plans to EcOno-
mize in Transportation of Mail.


Washington, ID. c., March 81
Magazines and other bulky periodicals
after July / next will be transported
by the postoff1ce department in car
loads as fast freight.
Postmaster General Hitchcock is
developing as rapidly as possible
plans which he decided upon last De
cember to utilize fast freight in the
transportation OF magazines when
practicable, and in instances where a
saving to the government in trans
portation charges may be effected.
The plans l have decided upon,
said Mr. Hitchcock last night, ARE
not proposed as a solution of the
pending controversy over the suggest
ed increase of the second class mail
rates on the advertising sections of
magazines, but they probably will
tend TO bring about a settlement of
that question"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
WORST HOLOCAUSTS
OF RECENT YEARS

Date. Lives Lost.
January 8, 1so1-Roehester, N.
Y, orphan asylum . %
October IS, 1so1-PhiIadeIp Iphla
furniture house ... 10
June 9, 19o2-St. Luke Sani-
tarium, Chicago ... 10
December 4, 1eo2-LincoIn Ho-
tel, Chicago .....-. II
December 80, 1sos-Iroquois
theatre, Chicago ....-. SIS
June IS, 1so4-Gen. sIocum,
steamer disaster .. 1927
February 20, 1so7-Montreai,
Que, HocheIasa school -. II
April 1s, 1soe-San Francisco
fire and earthquake 80. .452
July 2s, 1so7-New York city,
222 Christie street ~ &c
September 5, fso7-sheI
hotel ............. IS
March 4, 190e-North Collin
wood school, near Cleveland 17e
April 12- 1eos-cheIsea, Mass,
part of city .-...... IS
January 10, 1sos-soyerstown,
Pa, theatre -..... f7s
January "a 1eos-Seventy-
third street crib (water),
SfiCa9o %
February Is, 1eoe-AeapuIeo,
Mexico, Flores theatre ~ 500
March %, 1s1o-Oskoerite,
Hungary, hotel .. $50
October I, isto-Los Angeles,
Cal, explosion and fire,
Times building ... 1e
November 20, 1e1o-Newark,
N. ~ factory -..-. IS
December n, fe1o-P,iIadei-
phia, leather store ~ II
December p, 1s-o-Stock
yards, Chicago, Morris plant -
March IS, tef1-New York fac
tory building ....... $50
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
COUNT DEAD IN WORST FIRE
MANHATTAN HAS EVER HAD
The Weather

Forecast TIL p. NJ. Tomorrow for
Rock Island, Davenport, Moline
and Vicinity.
Generally fair tonight and Tuesday
The lowest temperature tonight will be
about 20 degrees.
Temperature at 7 q. m, rs. Highest
Yesterday, So; lowest last night, 25.
Velocity Of wind at 7 a. m, Is miles
per hour.
Precipitation, 81
Stage of water, "a, a rise Of 4 In
last 4s hours.
Relative humidity, at p. m. "a. at
a m. 78.
Only slight changes in the Missis-
sippi will occur from below Dubuque
TO Muscatine.
J. VI. SHERIER, Local Forecaster.
STROHOMICAL EVENTS.
From noon today to noon tomorrowl
Sun sets 6:15. rises 5:46; moon rises
6:14 a N.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
Rumored Taft will Not
Even Commute Bank
ers' Sentence.
NEITHER Desc RVtN G
viii Follow Recommendation
of Attorney General Wick
erSham in Matter.

Washington. March 81. - From
sources close to the president ii was
learned today the pardon appeals of
the two convicted bankers. Charles w.
Morse OF New York and John r. Walsh
of Chicago. undoubtedly will be denied.
1t is stated the attorney generals rec
ommendation in both cases is adverse.
and the president will follow its find
ings.
THoRoUGHLY CONSIDERED.
Papers in the two cases have been
before the president several weeks
They were first considered by At
torney General Wickersham, who
went exhaustively into the evidence
presented at the trials of the two
bankers and who also made a thor
ough inquiry into the condition Of
health of the two former bankers.
RUMORS WITHOUT FOUNDATION.
Various reports as to the recon-
mendations of the attorney general
have been current and two weeks
ago il was rumored that Morse was
TO be pardoned This report was
entirely without foundation, for
even friends of the banker had not
expected anything better than n
Communication OF sentence.
DENY CONTINUATION.
1t was stated today the president
acting on the recommendation of the
attorney general, will even deny
Communication in the Morse case
Morse has been in the penitentiary
in Atlanta a little more than year.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
DENY COMPUTATION.
DAUGHTER OF COUNT
---.- BERNSTORFF WEDS
Becomes Bride of Count PouTtaleS
in Washington Ceremony,
President Attends.

Washington. March 27.-Countess
Bernstorff. only daughter of the Ger
man ambassador. will be married to-
day TO Count Raymond Pourtales, un-
til recently an attache of the German
embassy here. President and Mrs
Taft, Miss Helen Taft, Vice President
and Mrs. Sherman, members of the
cabinet and practically the entire dip
lomatic corps in Washington will at.
tend the reception.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
ITALIANS HOLD CONGRESS
First Meeting Of Kind Ever Held in
This Country.

Philadelphia, March 27.-The first
Italian congress ever held in the Unit
ed States and having for its object the
welfare OF Italians in America. open
ed here today with delegates present
from all the leading representative
societies of that NATIONAL city in the
country. One of The principal things
the congress will endeavor to do is to
distribute immigrants throughout the
country in the agricultural sections
instead Of the cities
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
FARMER FREEZES
TO DEATH IN NORTH

Redfeld, S. D., March 27.-Bert
Ness. a farmer. was found frozen to
death in field near his home this
morning. He evidently had become
lost in the storm while on his way
home.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
STOLE FROM AN ESTATE
BENJAMIN Goodrich Sentenced at
Chicago for Mcdonald Theft.

Chicago. Ill, March 27.-Judge Nc
Surely today sentenced Benjamin
Goodrich to an indefinite term at the
Joliet penitentiary for misappropriat
ing $4,000 belonging to Mrs. Dora Nc
Donald, widow of Michael Mcdonald.
Goodrich was guardian for Mrs. Nc
Donald's son Harold. and was charged
with having taken the money from
safety deposit vaults in the absence
Of the boys mother.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
Doctor and Four Children
Perish at Aurora,
Mo.
FATHER PROVES HERO
Trying to Save Little Ones
When He Is Overcome by
the Flames.

Aurora, Mo, March 27.-Dr. D. f.
Morris, a prominent physician and his
four children were burned to death
early today in fire that destroyed the
Morris home. three miles southeast of
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
ONE WEEK FOR DEMURRER
Hearing for Packers VIII BE Given
Before Carpenter April 3.

Chicago. March 27.-COunsel for in
dicted Chicago meat packers appeared
before Judge Carpenter of the United
States district court today. and were
given one week TO file a demurrer TO the
governments action. The hearing was
set for April 3.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27
BERTRAND Is PRESIDENT
Inaugurated a. Head Of the Govern
menL of Honduras.

Washington. March 27-Dr. Fran
cisco Bertrand was inaugurated presi-
dent Of Honduras today. He arrived at
Tegucigalpa Saturday and was met out
side the city by the diplomatic and con
sular corps, which accompanied him
TO the capital.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1911-03-27

who left Madero's camp several days
about 60 miles north of Chihuahua re
ported to the junta today that Madero
was enthusiastic over the condition of
the insurrectos.
From the interior of northern Mex
leo come reports that the suffering
among the non-combatants is growing
worse The order of the insurrectos
that no food shall be taken into the
small towns from the surrounding
country is working a hardship on peO-
pie who are held practically under
siege.
TECATE REINFORCED.
Tecate Mexico, March 27-The ar
rival of Captain DasqUec with 100 Mex
ican federal soldiers and one machine
gun is reported from the Mexican side
of the line. The federal force in Te-
cate valley now is said to number 200
men.
Scouting parties from the Mexican
federal camp have faileI to find any
rebels within radius of Is miles
LIMANTOUR KEEPS PLACE.
Mexico City, March 27.-It is con-
ceded that Jose Yves Limantour
will remain as minister of finance in
the cabinet of President Diaz. Four
other members have been chosen.
Although no Official announce
ment has been made, it is known
that FIVE of the new members of
President Diaz's cabinet have been
selected and it is almost certain Jose
Yves Limantour will remain as min
lister of finance.
OTHER SELECTIONS MADE.
Other selections beside Senior de
la BarTa. as minister of foreign re-
lations are.
Dementro Sodi, judge OF the SUI
preme court minister of justice, sue
ceeding Justine Fernandez.
Norbeto Dominguez, postmaster
general. department Of communica-
tion, succeeding Leader Fernandez.
Manuel Maroquin. well known
civil engineer. department of fo-
mento promotion Of colonization
and Industry succeeding Oleagario
Molina.
Jonge Vera Estanol. an attorney,
minister of education succeeding
Justo Sierra.
ARRESTS II TEXAS
Del Rio, Tex, March 27.-Eleven
Mexicans and two Americans we're
taken into custody Saturday night
at SandersOn. Tex, charged with
setting on foot military expedition
against Mexico. In default OF $1,000