davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
HOW BOOKS CAME TO
ACQUIRE AN INDEX.
1t Began With Cicero, but Took
Shape in 1916.

The custom of indexing books de.
veloped gradually. Cicero used the
word "indexn but in the sense of a
table Of contents. Seneca provided
some works which he sent to a friend
with notes of particular passages, 80
that he who only aimed at the useful
might be spared the trouble of exam-
lining the entire" This was ut least
a partial 'index'' in the modern ense,
Annotated, or at the least explanatory.
tables Of contents seem to have pre-
coded the index proper.
Such tables followed the order Of
appearance OF the subjects In the
book itself. Alphabetical arrangement,
which was the beginning of the real
index, appears not to have been
thought Of until the invention of print
Ing. and even then 1t spread but
slowly. Erasmus was me of the first
to provide his works with alphabetical
indexes. The custom did not become
universal until well into the sixteenth
century.
The first index TO an English book is
said to be that printed in Polydore
Vergil's ''Angliae Historiae.' In 1916.
An edition of this work published ten
years later has an index OF thirty
seven pages.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
MORTGAGES RECORDED.

49, w
Louis Rleeburg ct nj to Tenth Ward
Building and Loan Association, west side
South Eleventh street, So feet south from
Fifteenth avenue, $500.
Gustaye Roll to City Trust Company,
north side Orange street, 81 feet west from
Gold street North Ninth street,, $1,000,
Susanna M. Shipman and husband to
West End Building and Loan Association,
soirti side Warren street, "a feet west
from South Twelfth street, $500.
and Loan Association, west side South
Central avenue, $500.
MAJ Shapiro ct al to Nation Alperen,
same property, 800.
north side Marshall street Isl feet west
NANNY, Book to Franklin Institute. south
side Walnut street, II feet east from Will
lam S. Pennington's land, $1,000.
thorne Building and Loan Association.
west side Bergen street, 1O5 feet south
from Clinton avenue, 5000.
TOWNSHIPS.
William c.. Armstrong to Northwestern
Building and Loan Association, East
Orange, east side Ellington street, So feet
north from Second avenue, $1,000.
Joseph H. James to William r.. Howe
trustee), Orange, northeast side Alden
street, 100 feet west from Bradford street,
$1,000.
Edna Dickinson to Amanda G.. Crane.
Millburn, entire road leading from Nelson
Sharp's to Millburn. northeast corner land
VI lliSl part, 9l,Ogu.
Modern Realty Company to Ida J. New
burger, Bloomfield, west side Berkeley
avenue, 69l feet south from Franklin
street, $1,000.
Agnes Campbell and husband to Mont
clair Savings Bank, Montclair, southeast
side Elm street. 145 feet north from Orange
road, 5000.
Susanna Albrecht to Municipal Building
and Loan Association, Bloomfield, south
side Birch street, west side Mill street,
isaac Samuel ct al to Essex County
Building and Loan Association, Bloom
field, west side Prospect street, 321 feet
south from CaTteret street, S., 1900.
Same to same. Bloomfe.-, west side
teret street, $500.
Frank A. Ferris, jr, to Mellen Il. Boil
ster, Montclair, north side Warren place.
west side Harrison avenue, 81, $50.
Northern Improvement Company TO
Arthur D.. Crane, Orange, south side Ber-
wick street. 125 feet east from Lincoln
avenue. 5000.
Rosevilie Construction Company to
Orpha ]. Hickey. MontcIair, cast side
Gates avenue, south side Hawthorne place.
James w. Pierson to Bloomfield Savings
Institution. East Orange, north side Glen
wood place, 415 feet east from an angle,
Alexander Arc to Charles Jundt, South
Orange. south side Franklin avenue, 20D
feet west from Tuscan street, $4,000.
Joseph Dente to Andrew s. Taylor, Mill
burn. south side Church street, northeast
corner Mark divers land, $500.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
CHAMP CLARK DUBIOUS
REGARDING THE REFORMS.

WASHINGTON, Jan. so.-Champ
Clark, of Missouri, speaker of the
House of Representatives. although
committed to the plan that the speaker
must be shorn of the power to appoint
committees. does not believe In the re-
form. He is emphatic. however, in the
declaration that the plan of having the
ways and means Democrats apportion
the committee places among the mem
bers of their own party must be tried.
1t is his idea that the Democratic party
having made an issue of C~annonism,
which reduced to its elements means
simply the exercise of power by the
speaker, must keep its implied promise
of reform and go the limit.
1t is freely predicted by leading
Democrats that the next House will be
in a muddle for some time after the
Congress meets as a result of the adop-
ton of the new committee assignment
scheme. They say that h speaker.
being shorn of the power, will be UNI
able to preserve the cohesiveness OF his
party 50 essential TO good legislation,
and hat in consequence he will be In
fact little more than a presiding officer.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
NEW TARIFF BILL IS
FAVORED IN THE HOUSE.

WASHINGTON, d. G, Jan. 3O.-The
fight on the administrator tariff board
bill Will be begun in the House today
In accordance with a report made by
the committee on rules Saturday, the
measure will be presented under the
terms of a rule that will permit un-
limited debate for the day and leave
the way free for the submission of
amendments.
Differences over the bill have devel-
oped among the Democrats. Some OF
them are criticising the action of the
minority members of the committee on
ways and mea in voting for the re-
port on the measure. The Democratic
leaders, however, among them Chamr
Clark. of Missouri. and Representative
Underwood, of Alabama. win speak and
vote for the bill and are confident OF
holding the main body of their follow
ers In line for II.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
A CONSCIENTIOUS VOTER.

Often a mans reasons for giving or
Withholding his vote are subtle. Not
long ago a country squire solicited the
support of a notorious poacher, whom
he had previously sent to Jail. The
man declined to give II. But" urged
the magistrate candidate. that little
poaching affair was years ago; you
should let bygones be bygones." 1T
wasn't for locking me up" replied the
man; ITS the reason why you did it
that puts me against you" What was
the reason?" Why. you said I had
stolen a rabbit, and 1t was a hare; and
the a who don't know the difference
amt fit for a member oslpsrlisment."-.
London Chronicle
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
C0DINGT0N FACES
STATE PRISON TERM.
Former Political Leader May Be
Sentenced.

SOMERVILLE, Jan 30.-After fight
ing In the higher courts of the state
a year for his liberty Horace Coding-
Somerset County, and formerly a poll
tical leader of Warren Township, is in
the Somerset county jail today with
a prospect of being removed to the
State prison, Trenton, during the COM
ing week to serve a sentence of
eighteen months for misappropriating
the funds of Warren Township, unless
his counsel succeeds in again securing
his release under heavy bail pending
the appeal Of his case to the court of
last resort.
Horace Codington and his brother,
Joel Codington. formerly treasurer of
Warren Township, were sentenced by
Judge Louis II. Schenck In the Somer-
VILE Circuit Court about a year 6 to
serve eighteen and twelve months re-
spectively in the State prison for mis-
a~ppropriating the funds of the town.
ship after one of the most sensational
trials in the history of Somerset Coun-
ty. Joel Codington decided TO serve his
sentence rather han to continue the
fight for liberty. After serving eight
months of his sentence he was par
doned. He returned to his old home in
Warren Township, where he is now
treated as a martyr by the political
faction which he formerly controlled.
Horace C~odington appealed to the
Supreme Court to have his sentence
set aside on the ground that Justice
Parker had discharged two members of
the Grand Jury selected by the sheriff
of the county to consider his case be-
fore the members of the jury had been
sworn. Justice Parker discharged the
Jurors for reasons which he failed to
make public. after a former Grand Jury
had failed to indict the Codinstons.
The Supreme Court sustained the con
viction of the lower court a week ago,
but Codington, who was out under
bail, made no move to surrender or to
carry his case TO the Court of Errors
and Appeals. lie was arrested in his
office and is now making an effort to
secure release on bail,
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
GOVERNMENT LOSSES ARE
500, OOO ON TOBACCO.

NEW YORK, Jan. 30.-Discussing
recent statements by Collector William
Loeb. Jr., of losses to the United States
government because OF improper CLASH
flcation OF Cuban tobacco imports, The
United States Tobacco Journal esti-
mates the loss in the last twenty years
at between 49, coo, 900 and 500, 600, 900.
Each tariff law, beginning with the
Mckinley law of 1899, the Journal says.
has induced the merchant community
In the tobacco trade TO commit Gus
toms defraudations'' as trade GUS
toms" The ideal way says the Jour
nal. of preventing any loss to the gov
eminent in wrapper duties on tobacco,
as we'll as of rehabilitating in the trade
the standard OF a strict conformity
with the mandates of the law, would
be the enactment of n uniform specific
duty on all Cuban tobaccos. Amy other
solution, such as a more rigid inspec~
ton. would be found impossible owing
to the time and number of expert In
spectors required"
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
GERMANS RECOGNIZE u. S.
RIGHT TO FORTIFY CANAL

BERLIN. Jan. 30.-German writers
are unanimous in recognition of Amer
ica's right to fortify the Panama canal.
DR.. Theodore Schiemann, who is credit
ed with being of the Kaiser's ad-
visers on foreign policy, comes to this
conclusion and proceeds to prophesy
that tho pacihcists who favor the neu-
tralization OF the waterway will be
beaten and that the American govern
ment will get the appropriation which
President Taft has asked Of Congress.
DR.. Schiemann thinks the recent reci-
procity agreement between Canada and
the United States, which has not yet
been adopted. goes to show that with
the growth OF the United states there
will grow a desire for union with their
northern relatives rather than With
their Latin neighbors of South and Cen
trail America. who are less easy OF as
s%irniiation.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
A Low.BAcKHD STREET CAR.

A novel type of trailer Is being used
by the Pittsburg railway companies.
The principal popularity lies in the fact
that ii Is a pay-as-you-enter car, with
a vestibule at the centre and none at
the ends. thus facilitating the work of
the conductor. who IS the only official
on the car. AS the car is a trailer, it IS
possible to use trucks with wheels Of
smaller diameter than would be re-
quired on a power-driven car. The floor
level Of this trailer is only 20 inches
above the rail, which facilitates mount
ing and dismounting from the car, only
one step being required. The car has
a seating capacity of SO, and with a
motor car, provides a train with q ca
pacity OF IFS sestss-Scientific Amer
lean.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
CHEAP AND WHISKEY
PLENTY; PRICES ARE FIRM.

WASHINGTON. Jan. so.-The price
OF con and bo'bon whiskey ought to
drop pretty soon, according to the evil
dence of statistics in the office OF the
commissioner of Internal revenue.
There are now in bonded warehouses
$50, 900. 900 gallons OF whiskey. Last year
there we're In bonded warehouses 240,-
900, 900 gallons Of whiskey. In the last
fiscal year the whiskey men took out
of bond $4,000. 900 gallons more than
they put in. so that officials figure that
there has been a net gain OF 100, O00, 900
gallons of whiskey In bonded ware
houses.
officials believe that the reduced price
of corn Is responsible for the increase
in the manufacture of bonded whiskey.
Investigation here showed no change
in the price to the retail trade.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
CLASSIC 0 OF VALUE
OF AIR FOR

Trudeau's classic experiment points
us In the right direction. After inoc-
ulating a number of rabbits with tu-
berculosis he confined q number OF
them indoors and turn the others
outdoors. The latter all recovered,
while the former all died. This exper-
iment shows that a rabbit living upon
it's natural food and under a natural
environment is proof against tubercu-
losis. There is abundant reasons 10 be-
lieve this equally true OF man. In
other words, tuberculosis is not a nec.
essary evil OF human life, but is a nat
ural consequences of rroneous HABITS
and departure from natural conditions.
Man is naturally IN outdoor animal
A mole lives a healthy life in a bur-
row. A man must live In the fresh air
and the sunshine.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
SOUTHERN PACIFIC is
TO EMPLOY MEXICANS ONLY.

GUADALAJARA, Mex. Jan. 30.--The
Southern Pacific is to be the first rail-
road in Mexico to be Mexicanized. AS
a result of the strike of the American
engineers and fremen their places are
being rapidly filled with Mexicans, and
the authoritative announcement is
made that In future only Mexicans will
De employed 70 operate the trains.
superintendent Sparks has arrived
hero with 20 engineers and 40 fremen.
all Mexlcans, whom he collected In the
City of Mexico. They win be dis
tributed over the line. taking the place
Of strikers.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
EXPORTS FROM
j. s. INTO CANADA
DOUBLE IMPORTS
Total of S87,931,729 for Year
1910 as Against
$48,B7,392.

WASHINGTON. D. c., Jan. 3O.-Trade
movements between Canada and the
the articles named in the pending reci-
procity agreement are shown In the
following table compiled from the rec
ords of the bureau of statistics. depart
ment of commerce and labor. The fig
ures, while less detailed than those
published in conjunction with the
agreement in question, relate to the
calendar year 1910, for which the for.
eign trade records have Just been com.
p1eted by the bureau of statistics:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
TO PLEASE A TOAD
SCRATCH IT'S BACK.

There arr few things more amusing
than to watch a toad submitting to the
operations Of a back scratching. He
will at first look somewhat suspicious
~ at the twig which you are advance
ing toward him, but after two or three
passes down his back his un-
dergoes a marked change. his eyes
close with an expression of infinite
rapture, he plants his feet wider apart,
and his body swells out to nearly dou-
BILE its ordinary cize, as If to obtain
by this means more room for enjoy
ment. Thus he will remain until you
make some sudden movement which
startles him or until he has had as
much petting as he wants, when, with
d puff of ~regretful delight, he will re-
duce himself to his usual dimensions
and hop away, bnnt once more on the
pleasures of the ,hase.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
EXPRESS COMPANIES ARE
ORDERED To CHARGES

ALBANY. Jan. 30.-After hearing
argument in the complaint of ]. B. &
II. b. Sykes, publishers, of Clinton, con-
corning alleged over-charges on ex-
press packages, Public Service Com
missioner Martin announced that there
would be ordered a general reduction
averaging 20 per cent. In tho charges
for carrying all express packages under
100 pounds in weight.
He also announced that all the ex-
press companies, whether packages are
carried entirely within tho State or be-
yond 1t, win agree to ship all packages
by the most direct route to their desti-
nations, and hat Il uniform graded rate
Will be enforced when the packages are
carried by two or more companies.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
PIottdeutseh d. V. Plans Dance.

Great preparations are under way for
the annual masked dance of the Platt-
deutscher Damen Verein, February %
in Dassing's Hall, Springfield avenue,
Among the workers on the committee
of arrangements are the Misses M,
Becker, C. Harders, +. Ahrens and K.
Weber. They will meet Wednesday
night and receive reports from the sub
committees Many novelties in the way
of costumes and tableaux are promised.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
PRINCETON JUNIOR
DIES SUDDENLY

PRINCETON, Jan. 3O.-After an ill
ness of six days, William H. Stewart,
tr., of Cincinnati, a member of the
junior class Of Princeton University,
died last night at the college infirm-
airy, The cause OF his death was pro-
nounced by the physicians in attend
ance as acute liberation Of the heart
combined with general septicemia.
Stewart was found in his room in q
raving condition, being completely out
of his mind. He was taken to the in
firmary and since then has had only a
few lucid moments. Drs. Bartlett, of
Philadelphia; Herman, from Trenton,
and Allen and Stewards family physi-
clan from Cincinnati was summoned
and three consultations were held.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
CHEAP BY THE 0 U

II must say you've got a pretty lot
of citizens to allow themselves to be
charged at the rate of five cents a mile
from here down to tho Junction on a
miserable one-horse branch road" said
the shoe drummer, bitirgly.
I'D like ter call yer attention ter
one fact before YOU SO or usin' any
more such language" answered the
ticket agent, calmly. "and that ia that
while 1t may be Ave cents a mile, It's
only thirty-fve cents "A hour
Metropolitan Magazine.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
POISONED BY CATS SCRATCH.

SUMMIT. Jan. 3O.-Mrs. Jane Stony.
rs years old. is suffering from a severe
scratch from a pet cat, the injury now
threatening to develop blood-poisoning
of the left arm. Mrs. Stony, who lives
at the corner Of Morris avenue and
Sayre street, was petting one of several
pet cats when the animal turned on
her and inflicted a deep scratch in her
aY191
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
CONTRACTS FILED.

These contracts were filed in the
county clerks Office today.
S. Depue. owner, with Reilly. Tullis
& Blanchard, contractors, all work,
s2s, 02s; Mount Prospect avenue.
w. Rapp, owner, with Matilda Banta,
contractor, mason. carpenter and paint
ing work, $500; Stuyvesant avenue,
Irvington
r. Giorgio. owner, with A. Cerrato.
contractor, carpenter work. 81. 200: 1S9-
191 Bruce street.
Estelle Mosbry. owner. with H. Tin
cone, contractor. all work, S1,325: 6
Princeton street, East Orange.
c. Peterson, owner. with L. Kler-
stead, contractor. carpenter work. $3.50:
Albany street, Nutley.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
pln to Make German Plays Pay.

German societies of Newark and
vicinity are interested in the circular
letters sent to them by the German
American National Bund, through
Adolph Timon, it's secretary, in which
a plan is suggested to put German
theatrical shows on n better-paying
basis. The idea is to consolidate the
companies hat are playing in the
various houses during the season under
different arrangements and so secure a
reduction of expense.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
METAL OUTPUT FROM
OREGON is SMALL.

PORTLAND. Ore. Jan. 30.-The gold
output of Oregon is estimated at S81, 173
In 1910. Il decrease of 5000, 900 from 1909.
Silver is shown as 62,S4S ounces, a drop
Of 1000 ounces in n year. Copper and
lead have declined in recent years and
the output Is unimportant.
The number of productive deep mines
does not appear to be reduced and their
annual output seems to be increasing.
but the average value per ton of the
ores mined and milled is materially
less thar n was formerly.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
jan275t

FERY PLACE OPENING, FRELfNaHUY.
SEN AVENUE AND DAYTON STREET
SEWER. PARK AVENUE SEWER
Notice 10 hereby given that the commissioners
heretofore appointed by the Mayor Of the city
of Newark to make an estimate and assessment
upon all the owners OF all the lands and real
estate in the city OF Newark peculiarly bene-
Htsd by any local improvement In the said
city, III proportion as nearly as may be to the
advantage each was deemed to have acquired,
have made an estimate and assessment OF bene-
FITS conferred upon all the owners Of ali The
lands and real estate in the city of Newark
neculisrly benefited by each Of tho following
improvements in said city, namely;
Est KINNEY PLACE,
The opening Of
JDFFERY PLACE
from Bergen street TO Chadwick avenue.
Tho construction of a sewer in
FRELINGHUysgN AVENUE AMI
DAYTON STREET.
PARK AVENUE,
between High street and Mt. Prospect avenue
avenue.
said assessment comprises all lots, tracts and
parcels OF land and real estate liable TO be as
EAST KiiNNEY PLACE,
from East Kinney street northerly about 338
feet and including that part OF lot No. &c block
esz' fronting on terminus OF East Kinney place;
r PLACE,
from Bergen street TO Seymour avenue; on both
sides Of Bergen street, Chadwick avenue ana
Seymour avenue from a point about 2f5 feet
south Of the southerly line Of Jefery place to a
point about 27S. feet north Of the n%ortheriy
line OF Jefrery place; on both sides of Schneider
avenue and conklin avenue. from Seymour ave-
nue. 20 q point about 100 feet east Of the east
efly line 2 q % Osborne terrace on both sides CT
from Dayton street TO Whittier place; on both
sides Of
DAYTON STREET
from Frelinshuysen avenue to Foster street. on
both sides OF
PARK AVENUE
between High street and Mt. Prospect avenue
and between North Ninth street and Roserille
avenue, and have fled their reports Of said as
easements for benefits in the ofice of the clerk
II the Circuit Court OF the County Of Essex, and
that the Judge OF said court has fixed Saturday.
the fourth day OF February, 1911. at 10 O'Clock
in the forenoon, in the Circuit Court room. at
time and place Of hearing any objections thai
may be made to the said assessments.
Dated January 80, 1911.
HERBERT BOGGs.
1anSO-5t City Attorney.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
Harmonic d. VS. Big Program.

The Harmonic Damen Verein will
celebrate its anniversary next month
with an unusually elaborate program,
which will include plenty of vocal ana
instrumental music of a high class.
Preliminary arrangements We're made
at yesterday afternoons meeting, which
wound up with a social session. The
verein has its home in 324 Springfield
avenue.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
PARIS BROKERS CONSIDER
LISTING AMERICAN STOCKS,

PARIS, Jan. S0.-Ricaro's weekly
bourse review, referring to the renewal
of the reports that American securities
will be introduced In Paris, says credit
establishments, stock brokers and the
principal banks agree to the introduce
ton of certain stocks, but are nego-
tiatlng In regard to which shall be adj
mitted.
The Union Pacific shares are not In
question for the present. IT Is thought.
Readings admittance Is expected soon.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916, 1911-01-30
sUMMTT MAN SWALLOWS TAcKs.

SUMMIT, Jan. 30.-William Dunno, a
blacksmith Of this city. filed his mouth
with taeks while laying a carpet and
when interrupted in his work swallow
ed some of them. He was hurried to a
physician for treatment, but refused
to go to the hospital as suggested. 1t
is believed that he will suffer no i'll
effects in mite Of the fact that he is
not sure all the tacks were extracted