davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

banana leaves the fruit is safely brought to the
railroads.
Bananas grown for the market planted.
as a rule on the border of navigable waters
Plantations are divided into sections or zones
of about ten to twenty miles in length, and the
zones are "cut" in rotation, thereby cleaning up
the available supply Of fruit In one or several
sections while it is maturing in others.
In Costa Rica the system which has been
evolved for handling the fruit from the time it
is cut from the plant until it is placed on the
dealers little stand in the far interior cities Of
the United States is indeed marvellous.
When steamer starts from United States
port to secure its cargo cable is sent advising
of the departure, so that preparations can be
made for cutting the crop The carrying ca
pacity of the vessel is known almost to a bunch.
Each plantation manager furnishes at the be-
ginning of the week an estimate Of the amount
of fruit he cut, and one, two, or three Sec
tons may be called upon, according to the size
of the ship and the quantity of fruit available
in each section. About thirty-siX hours previ-
Gus to the expected arrival of the steamship or
ders sent to the plantations, notifying
them to cut fruit for delivery specific date
The day before the steamer is due trains are
made up and sent out to pick up the fruit, these
trains being timed that steamers will not be
delayed waiting for cargo.
On the morning Of the cutting the plantation
is all astir. First out are the cutters" who
go up and down the long avenues OF banana
plants closely inspecting each hanging bunch
In cutting the fruit long lances used, palm
poles armed with broad steel blades. The stalk
of the tall plant is half severed at point about
eight feet above the ground. The weight Of the
fruit causes the top of the plant to bend slowly
to the earth, where the bunch is cut from the
stem by a stroke OF the machete. Following
the cutters come the picking-up gangs, who de-
liver the fruit at the receiving platforms along
the railroad track An inspector watches the
fruit it is passed into the cars. He counts
and grades each bunch, rejecting those that
show signs Of ripenng and those that I'M
dersized bruised.
After cargoes are discharged in the United
States, solid trains of banana run as "spe
Gals" every day in the week from New York.
Baltimore and New Orleans to all Of the large
cities of the country. Carloads are even shipped
to Calgary, Canada, over 1000 miles from New
Orleans.
The front ventilators of the forward cars OF
these trains, and the rear ventilators of the
last cars are connected by means of canvas
tubes run into main trunk chute. A powerful
exhaust draws off the heat thrown out by the
fruit in its ripening process, and the fans cir
cuate cold air through every In the train.
During the winter months the operation is re-
versed, and fruit In transit during very cold
weather Is warmed while proceeding to Its
destination.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
WARM LANGUAGE FROM OHIO
State Master Scores President Taft
for Disreearding Protest of Farm
ers Against Reciprocity.

It was pretty warm stuff that State
Master r. c. Laylin of Ohio gave in a
recent address on reciprocity to a big
gathering of Patrons of the Erie Coun-
ty Pomona. Among other statements
he said:
"The farmers of Erie county, and, in
fact, of the entire state of Ohio, are
thoroughly aroused, and the reception
President Taft gave to the representa-
tives of the farmers of the United
States, who made their plea for justice
and equality, will be a blot upon the
escutcheon of our country where so
many farmers sons have reigned in
honor and to the glory of our nation.
George Washingtons motto was
First in the hearts of his country
men, Abraham Lincoln's policy was
With malice toward none, with char
lty for ALL If President Taft expects
to be made famous through reciproc-
ity, he has certainly showed that he
has no interest whatever in the sue
cess or failure of 100000 of his
people-and people who have been the
most docile to his rule, the most ready
to respond to his call and submit to
the law. Now, when the farmers of
the United States rise as one man and
ask for justice-for equality, for
bread. they are given a stone by the
president, when he said no weight
would be given to their appeal"
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
LAWYER CURED OF ECZEMA

while attending school at Lebanon,
Ohio, in 1882, became afflicted with
boils, which lasted for about two
years. when the affliction assumed the
form Of an eczema on my face, the
lower part of my face being fnfamed
most Of the time. There would be
water-blisters rise up and open, and
wherever the water would touch It
would burn, and cause another one to
rise. After the blister would open,
the place would scab over, and would
burn and itch SO as to be almost I'M
bearable at times. In this way the
sores would spread from one place to
another, back and forth over the
whole Of my upper lip and chin, and
at times the whole lower part of my
face would be solid sore. This con-
dition continued for four or five years,
without getting any better, and in fact
got worse all the time, so much so
that my wife became alarmed lest 1t
prove fatal.
During all this time Of boils and
eczema, doctored with the best ply
sicians of this part of the country, but
to no avail. Finally l decided to try
Cuticura Remedies, which 1 did, TAX
ing the Cuticura Resolvent, applying
the Cuticura Ointment to the sores,
and using the Cuticura Soap for wash
ing. In very short time I began to
notice Improvement, and continued to
use the Cuticura Remedies until l was
we'll again, and have not had re-
currence Of the trouble since, which is
over twenty years. / have recon-
mended Cuticura Remedies to others
ever since, and have great faith in
them as remedies for skin diseases"
(Signed) A. c. Brandon, Attorney-at-
Law, Greenville, o., Jan. II, 1911.
Although Cuticura Soap and Oint-
ment are sold everywhere, a sample
Of each, with 32-page book, will be
mailed free on application to "Cuti-
cura," Dept. K, Boston.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

ly restricted to the eastern coast line, for the
banana is one Of the thirstiest Of plants and
cannot be expected to produce its maximum
amount of fruit in districts where there are
less than 100 inches of annual rainfall. I'm
fortunately for humanity, great areas of the
land lying within this belt high, dry and
sterile. while others are sandy or rocky, SO
only small fraction is so located that banana
growing can be made profitable. The altitude
must not invite danger of frost, and high tenn
perature Is necessary for the growth. The
southern coast of the Mexican gulf the Puerto
Barrios section of Guatemala, the Puerto
Cortes district of Honduras, the Puerto Limon
district of Costa RIGA, the Bluefields district of
Nicaragua, the Bocas del Zorro region of Pan
ANA, the Colombian province of Santa Marta,
and certain portions of Cuba, Jamaica, the Do
mnican Republic, Haiti and Dutch Guiana, all
combine the favored elements of soil and eli
mate.
The plant has two natural enemies-the
gopher and the wind storm-but against al
most all other tropical conditions its hardi-
hood Is remarkable
1t Is a matter of common observation that
the banana is absolutely seedless, cultivation
through innumerable generations having led
to vegetable method of propagation. Some
of the primitive seedbearng varieties are
still said to exist in isolated regions of the far
east.
The first step toward cultivation Is the clear
ing Of the land. Into the tangle of shrubs and
vines and the thick snar of tropical vegeta-
ton the laborer comes with an AK and
'machete" and cuts low everything but the
giant trees. When all of the small timber and
brush has been felled planting Is commenced.
Young shoots are obtained from a planta-
ton already In bearing and these are placed In
rows about IL feet apart. When the planting
is finished, the only labor necessary is to keep
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

develons ranidlv continually bending more ana
more until in a short time II mas tuiheu CUM
plctely upon itself, so that the bananas siow
end up or in a position the reverse vi "n,on
they are usually hung. From seven W w" s',.
months after the blossom appears the iruit
is ready for the gatherer. At irregular inter
walls along the entire stalk, and only extending
part of the way round at any one place, the
bracts break forth tiny ridges Oh mowers
which are almost Immediately replaced by
nine to twelve embryo bananas. Ihese are
the future hands" of the bunch, so called on
account of their resemblance to those mem
bers when held in certain position.
The banana has a curious and prodigal meth
cd of propagation, for before the parent stalk
and fruit have matured new ones spring up.
These are offshoots that grow from the root or
the original planting, resembling sprouts from
the eyes" of a potato, and each in turn be-
comes a parent stalk with its fruit. 1t follows
that unless most of the continually appearing
new plants are cut out (Which is the practice)
the first stalk in few years will become the
center of miniature Jungle The plants grow
to a height of from fifteen to thrty-ive feet,
spreading in all directions, until the soil is
overburdened with an enormous mass OF stalk
and leaf growth and stunted fruit is produced.
In planting for the market about 200 hills are
allowed to the acre. Sometimes the number
can be safely increased to 225, in which case
there will be 500 stalks. However, after one
year all of these stalks do not produce mar
ketable bunch of bananas. and the average
yield is not over 800 full lunches to the acre
per annum.
Perry the well-known authority on bananas,
estimates that a grower can produce q bunch
for from ten to fifteen cents, which Will have
a market value of 30 cents. The cost of pro-
ducing after the first crop is confined to Guilt
waiting and harvesting, which may be done for
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

from $40 to $40 per acre yearly The net profit.
however, averages about $50 per acre in the
various banana producing sections. The banana
often grows in combination with other products.
In some cases it is used a shade for young
coffee plants.
A great many people are of the opinion that
the banana would be much better If it was al
lowed TO ripen on the plant, but this is not the
case. Such fruit is strong in flavor, does not
mature to perfection, and the skin breaks, at
tracing numerous insects, while the weight OF
the bunch itself becomes too great for the plant,
either or both coming to the ground. The
punches are cut when the fruit is one-haH to
three-quarters matured, though still green and
as hard as nails 1t continues to feed from the
cut stalk which contains a great amount OF
sap, until fully ripe. Should the cutting occur
too soon, however, the fruit, although turning
yellow will never attain the perfect flavor.
With the cutting of the bunch ends the life
of the plant, for 1t bears but once and is usual
Iy cut down to obtain the fruit, or succumbs a
few days later to the cleaning process, which is
merely the bringing Of a spent piece to the
ground. Cutting the fruit itself involves the
only careful labor on the banana plantation, as
the punches weigh from fifty to sixty pounds
and even slight knocks are followed by bruised
spots, under which the fruit quickly ripens and
decays. However, by the liberal use OF dried
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
STILL HOPEFUL OF VICTORY
Grange Sees Chance That Reciprocity
\ Will Be Defeated by the People
of Canada.

Since the successful passage Of Ca
madam reciprocity by the United
States senate, the Grange has by no
means lost hope of the ultimate defeat
of the proposition, inasmuch as a big
fight over ratification is on in Can
ada, with the chances of reciprocity
defeat just about as good as for sue
cess. The Grange opposition to the
measure in the United States was per-
sistent, earnest and sincere and there
is no doubt that many who advocated
reciprocity respected the Grange for
making an energetic fight to defeat
what its members believed would be
detrimental to the agricultural inter-
ests of the country.
The reciprocity issue is now square.
ly before the people of Canada, as
parliament has been dissolved and
new legislative body is to be elected
September 80, very largely upon this
very issue of reciprocity. The Laurier
or government party are making their
fight on the ratification of the trade
agreement with the United States,
WhhC INC COHSGl NdllNeS, leu Dy IL. IL.
Borden, are seeking the election OF
their candidates purely upon an OPP
position platform. The outcome seems
very much in doubt and both sides
are making advance claims of victory.
Meanwhile the reciprocity topic
continues live theme for discussion
in many of the Oranges throughout
the United States, with general tariff
questions and problems more or less
involved. 1t is probable that these
lines Of thought were never before so
widely discussed in Grange meetings
and great deal Of information is
therefore being disseminated among
the people of the rural communities
relative to national and international
affairs. Notwithstanding the vote for
reciprocity in the United States SEN
ate, the sentiment in the Oranges all
over the country continues to be
against the measure and is rapidly
growing more strongly so.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
MAINE FIGHT AGAINST RUM
State Grange Is Giving Vigorous Help
to Preserve the Present Pro.
hbition Law.

The State Grange of Maine is put,
ting up a big fight against the rum
traffic and is lining up subordinate
and Pomona Oranges all over the state
to lend hand in the cause. A pres.
ent issue in Maine is the attempted
repeal of the state prohibitory law
and the liquor interests, aided by pow.
erful outside forces, are massing all
their energies to secure such repeal.
The patrons of husbandry all over the
state are thoroughly aroused and do
not propose to permit the present law
to be interfered with.
The executive committee of the
Maine State Grange recently held a
meeting at Lewiston to outline the
campaign in which the Grange is to
vigorously engage. At its annual meet.
ing the State Grange took a strong
position against repeal, and the en-
ecutive officers OF the order propose
to use every means to put in force
the wishes of the members so clearly
expressed.
1t is proposed to cooperate with the
churches, civic league, w. C. T. u,
Y. NJ. G.. A. and all other agencies
working towards the same end, Ito or
ganize effectively the entire temper
ance sentiment of the state. There
are more than four hundred Oranges
in Maine, distributed throughout all
its sections. so that an effective cam
paign can readily he organized and
maintained. An extensive series Of
big summer field meetings is being
carried out and at these one of the
live topics of discussion is the pro-
hibitory law repeal Present indica-
lions are in Maine that the liquor
forces will go down to defeat.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

Forty years ago there were very few people In
this country who could boast of having seen
bunch of bananas The fruit practically I'M
known. Now, in even the most remote country
store, this pride Of the tropics" is a familiar
sight
Despite the fact that millions of punches are
consumed, they belong almost wholly to one
member of the family, the common yellow
Guinea
Scientists have recognized and classified as
many 40 different Species ranging from the
ornamental groups that do not develop fruit to
the giant bananas, the Platano of the Spaniards
The red banana is not common in the Ameri-
can markets. In the United States it is used
only to dress" fancy baskets of fruit, but in
the tropical countries it is quite favorite. The
individual banana is large, but the stalk does
not carry many hands as the yellow varie
ties, so as it does not bring as large a price to
the grower and wholesaler, its extensive cultiva-
ton is not encouraged
Banana culture is one Of the Oldest of indus
tries. 1t has been known since the origin OF
the human race. Long before the dawn Of his
cory In the old world, perhaps long before the
old world rose from the waters, man lived on
Che fruit Of the Musas. The banana was gen.
&rally considered a native of southern Asia,
And to have been carried into America by
Europeans, until Humboldt threw doubt upon
Cts purely Asatic origin, quoting early authors
who asserted that the banana was cultivated
An America long before the conquest. 1t is
claimed that at the time of the Incas in Peru,
bananas formed of the staple foods of the
natives of the warm and temperate regions OF
the Montana. In spite of the uncertainty as
to just which country may claim the fruit as
indigenous, all tropical lands assert their right
to It.
The first importation Of bananas to the
United States occurred in 1904, when the
schooner Reynard on voyage from Cuba,
brought into New York, as commercial ven-
ture, a consignment of 80 lunches; but the
real beginning of the trade dates back to 1866,
when Mr.. Charles Frank undertook the i'm
portaton of fruit from Colon to New York.
Previous to that venture small cargoes con-
ssting mainly of the red banana had been re-
ceived at irregular intervals from Cuba. In
1870 Captain Baker, an owner Of a Cape Cod
schooner, took charter to carry gold miners
and machinery 300 miles up the Orinoco river
in Venezuela Aftef dscharging his cargo,
Captain Baker into Jamaica to secure
some cocoanuts as ballast to New York, carry
ing a few punches Of bananas on the deck as
an experiment The result promised a great
future for the industry on that island, which
has been fulfilled the exports last year reach.
ing $4,000000.
On the American continent, bananas are sue
cessfulIy grown through 30 degrees OF latitude,
from Tampico, Mexico, 25 degrees north. to
Asuncion in Paraguay, in the Tropic of Capri
corn % degrees south-a belt over 5000 miles
in width Cultivation of the fruit Is practical
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

down the weeds and care
fully clean the ground
about the the root of each
stalk.
The banana plant will
grow with wonderful rap
idity under favorable cir
cumstances. In fact, the
development from a new
ly planted sucker to the
plant in full bearing is
simply short of marvel
Gus. Within a space or
six or seven weeks the
two or three foot plant
has more than doubled in
size, and a month or so
later the leaves cease to
unfold and a spike APP
pears out of the center or
the crown. This is the fu-
ture stalk of the bunch
and carries a huge red
I1oeeopo at the end, 1t
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
Could Take Her Choice.

AS the railroad train was stopping,
an old lady not accustomed to travel
ing, hailed the passing conductor and
asked:
Conductor, what door shall get
out by?"
Either door, ma'am," graciously
answered the conductor THE car
stops at both ends."-Galesburg Mail.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

the 1910 importation, at point Of export, was
over $12,50O000, while in all probability the con-
Stunning public of the United States expended
over $35, 900 for this deectable fruit.
During the past ten years the number of
bananas consumed in the United States has
more than doubled and the increased tropical
acreage under cultivation assures even more
startling figures for the next decade. Many
European countries importing large quanti-
ties Of bananas; last year Great Britain
sumed over 100000 worth, Germany, over
$1,000O00, and France 100000.
With the worlds decreasing food supply, and
the wheat crop at a standstill, the banana comes
forward as an important factor in saving the
day. One acre with little labor will annually
produce 1900 pounds of bananas, more than
one and onethird times as much food substance
as an acre of corn, two and one-third times as
much as oats, almost three times as much per
acre as wheat and potatoes, and four times
much as rye. The chemical composition of ba-
nanas and potatoes is almost identical.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

Coles Carbolisalve quickly relieves and
cures burning, itching and torturing skin
diseases 1t instantly stops the pain of
burns. Cures without scars. 25c and 500
by druggists. For free sample write to
j. w. Cole & Co.. Black River Falls. Wis.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
TADIEs CAN WEAR SHOES

one size smaller after using Aliens Foot Ease the
Antiseptic powder TO be shaken into the shoes II
makes tight shoes fec easy. Gives rest and
cohifort Refuse substitutes. For FREE trial
package, address Allen 3. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y,
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

Mrs. winsiow's Soothing Syrup for Children
teething, softens the gums. reduces inhamma-
ton. allays pain. cures wind collie 25c a bottle.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

+ you did not eat three dozen
bananas last year, you did not
have your share. Over 100000
600 punches, or more than
S,000,000,000 bananas, were i'm
ported into the United States in
1910. The immensely of this
shipment can be more readily
grasped by the statement that
1t would cover an area 20 feet
wide, reaching from New York
to San Francisco, or, placed end
to end, would extend thirteen
times around the earth at the
equator. The slip" in the peels
would launch the ships Of the
world. The wholesale value of
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

A man may like a girl all the more
because she seems to like him less.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24

A live goose is worth more than a
dead ancestor.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
- The ..-
National Grange

Conducted by Charles Nj. Gardner, Editor
of the National Grange, Westfeld, Mass.
The Yale expositor., 1911-08-24
A Commuters EXPLANATION.

~ OOTTfrTutS' . LNPTdTTatTUTI'
The man Ia the iron mask explained.
They assured me there were no
mosquitoes here" he cried
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1911-09-22

Is org 5Iot og @runolpggel-
len al 6 a I 3 3 e & t 0 NJ
8 e t. -Muieet ,er
@ionesbpr1 ON, bpab ser par Drip
fraften / bans 2ip: @ierligbeoen til
6a6relat6et og 6ets itore Minoer
Genne @ierligbeo gap bom Stprfe
til get itore og mangeiioige slrbeioe,
ban nbferte baaoe paa pripate og
offentige 0mraaber. 9erfor pil0e
ban ogiaa, at Sc rige 6rugter al
bans eget Mrbei6e ffuloe unuenoes
til @tptte for og Mniporelie al at1-
6res Mrbei6e. @arlsbergfon6ets
&ig6omme bar allere6e lat Jig ma11-
&c go6e Spor, mangt ct bi0enifabe=
ligt og fllturelt Mrbei6e btl6e u6en
Dem lite bape iet 2piet.
gtbpert Sremifriot / 6anif Nanos=
u6pifling, enbber btoenifabeig OPP
! bogelie, etbpert npttigt &eiultat /
praftiif @11lturarbei6e, Ser giennem
Sioerne fan f6res tilbage til @arls<
b%ergfon6et, oil bore iom frilfe 8lom<
Ter / &ronien ont S. s. Sacobiens
Min6e og oil gigre Ben beitanoig
ltpisnelig.
Men set be6ite GionesbDr6 OIL,
S. 6. Sacobiens itore gpn paa bpoo
&ligter &igoom meoferer er BOG, III
ban bar in6pooet lin S9n, ST.. phil.
Carl Sacobien, gieren al 9tp @arls=
berg, Sen famine Goritaaelie at bpao
ban ffpl6er 1it'2an6 og lin 8p, boil=
fet for gibet Jig l16ilog / Ell &affe
berlige @aber til Motionen, iom bill
bore Mapnet Sacobien, ne6 til font
men6e @legter giennem @iltorien.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1911-09-22

I gfteraaret 1910 til en- 6anlf=norlf
&lasie 4, / @fteraaret 1911 g. til
en- ipenif &losie / 1910 ~, / 1911
Is. Ser bebeoes altlaa flere 6anif-
norIfe gleuer til 9prettelle al en-
&lasie / Central @bifolen. Ser er
ltor &rang til 6pgtige Sproglerere,
og set Ter us til, at Erangen oil iti-
&c. Sbor fan Sc faces?
nniperiiteterne og &%piifolerne bill
oog al6rig lpie 6ette &roblem. 9ette
mao gipres al Mlmuelfolerne og
SanoSi folernc. Mmerifa bar mes
&elo inofert fra &pifla10 &inoer=
garten= og l1niperlitets Metbo6er, Sc
lobeite og beieite GRADER al Sfole=
arbei0e; og ii6en &rofesior Somes
is. &uSiel al Columbia l1niperiitet
II 1899 u6gup lit fortrinlige @erf
ON Secondary Education in Ger
monD", er set iapne0e 9e6" fun6et,
+! og Ser er baagnet en- ittgen6e SSSt1ter-
este for at unoerOile Mmerifonerne /
mooerne @prog.