The Washington herald., 1911-05-28

passes over Westminster Bridge, Befidef,
never.eeasihe stream 6f humanity, In
tent either upon the SieasHfes Or the
more serious considerations ef nfej bu'
Few OF these countless thousands evef
pause TO reflect that within q stones
throw reposes one Of the most ancient
ana Interesting edifees IN behdeH. which
| from time ihimemeria1 has been the hefns
OF the ArchbishopA Of Canterbury,
| And OF tho few whose sentiment ID
aroused by sight OF the exterior ot
Lambeth Palace, how many are conver.
SAINT with lie architectural features and
historyf Hut a small percentage. VEN
ture to think. Therefore Il II with pleas.
urs that I here recount briefly the his.
tory OF this venerable pile and portray
its architecture In order that those "a
whom the place In but IA name may learn
| how great n gem OF architecture lies un-
| noticed In their midst.
Lambeth. nnciently written Lomehith.
Lambhithe. Lamuda. and In the Domcs-
day Book Lanchei, signifies muddy har'
bor." and Is said TO have been . royal
manor in the time OF the snxons. and as
such II seems to have remained for some
considerable time after. For during the
| reign OF Edward the Confessor It formed
part OF the estate OF his sister Coda.
afterward revertins to Eustace, Earl OF
Bologne. by whom II was conferred upon
the Bishop Of Rochester.
Then came the conquest OF England by
| handful OF Norman adventures and
the wholesale seizure OF lands. by which
Odo. Bishop of Bayeux. benefited great
ly. receiving. among other rich grants, a
portion of the Manor Of Lambeth, which
was. however. afterward restored by
William Rufus to the Church Of Roches-
ter: and in the possession of the Church
of Rochester the Manor Of Lambeth re-
mained till 1887, In which year an ex-
change was effected with Hubert Walter,
! Archbishop OF Canterbury. by Bishop
Gilbert de Glanville for the Manor of
Darent. In Kent.
In order to appreciate properly why an
exchange should have taken place. II
would be well to go back some 24o years.
when Edgar the Peaceable thrust the
monks into the monasteries and cathe-
drals. Invested with SO much power. the
monks strove to reduce their superiors
to the level OF mere puppets for the at
tainment Of their own ends and the
benefit Of the church. their influence
having such a marked effect upon the
election of the bishops and archbishops
and their hold upon tho masses becoming
so great that the kings of England. fear
ing that even their safety might become
imperiled. sought to restrain the grow
ing insolence OF the monks; and to this
effect Henry III concocted a plot with
Baldwin. Archbishop Of Canterbury.
which. IL perfected would have prevent
ed the monks becoming troublesome.
Baldwin. with the appreciation OF the
King and Pope Urban III, was to found
q college for secular canons at Hacking
ton. near Canterbury: but in spite Of the
secrecy observed in these proceedings,
the monks became aware OF the arch
bishops design and foresaw that II this
college were perfected It might not only
withdraw the archbishops from residence
among them and induce those prelates to
choose that place for consecrating bish-
ops. but in time 1t might be made the
mother church of the diocese. which
would deprive the monastery Of their
usurped power OF choosing the arch
bishops.
Prompted by these considerations, the
monks decided to appeal to the Pope, and
so clamorous became their demands that
his holiness deemed it polite to order the
work already accomplished to be demol-
ished: but with the advent of Pope Greg
ory operations again were resumed, this
time upon a tract Of land in Lambeth
procured from the monks of Rochester.
On the death of Baldwin, Reginald Fitz-
Joceline succeeded to the archbishopric,
which he lived to enjoy only forty-nine
days. giving way II Hubert Walter. who
continued the work commenced by Bald
win until compelled by Pope Innocent.
thanks to the Vaccinations and jealousy