Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-09-06
TELEGRAPHERS AND TELBGRAPHY.
By Frederic ]. Haskin.

! old-time telegrapher is based upon the
| second principle.
| Notwithstanding the differences in
methods caused by new development in
electricity each
Maintain Uniformity year, the teles-
of Skill and Speed. + ra y ., sne
deavor to sustain a uniformity Of skill
and speed. In order that the old-time
teegrapher may be given a chance to
demonstrate his skill with the newer
operators. national Geographic tourna-
ments have been held in different parts
of the country. At the convention now
in session arrangements are being con-
sidered for holding a great tournament
of this kind in one OF the southern states
within the next few months. For this
tournament. Mr.. Carnegie. whose inter
est in the advance OF telegraph operators
is still keen despite the years which
have elapsed since he himself handled
the keys, has donated gold medal
studded with diamonds valued at 5000,
which will be awarded to the best all
round telegraph operator.
To a large degree the telephone fs re-
placing the telegraph although their uses
BY cooperation between the two 1t will
soon be possible to have loHg-dfstance
telephone service across the continent
Connections have been made this sum
mer between New York and Denver. At
the demonstration of this new develop
ment held last month. those assembled in
the Geographic offices at New York were
able to see telegraph and telephone COM
municatons being carried along sinful
taneously on the same WIRE Inc
economic advantage OF this is being
utilized for both parties and tends
greatly TO reduce the expense
rNt1
of their progress to the development of
the telegraph and the telephone. The
telegraph really performs three services
for the railroads in train dispatchins,
messenger service and the block wire
system OF train signaling. To a large
extent at present the long distance tele
phone. combined with wireless telegraphy,
is replacing the old-fashioned system of
train dispatching, although not yet meet
ing with the unqualified approval of the
railroad men.
In the development Of telegra ply dur
ing the past quarter of century much
attention was
Machines Are Used given to the
to Take Messages. some nrsc,ical
system of printing kilograms as they
We're received. 1t Is now generally
agreed, especially with the prevalence
of the telephone, that the printing tele
graph is less important than it was for
merly considered. 1t would be impossi-
bic to secure printed messages in many
without the services of an
operator. and when an operator is pro-
vided the expense saved by the printing
is comparatively small. No ma
chine as vet demonstrated can make
sufficient speed to meet the demands OF
ha no Pa
printing telegraph machine, invented by
an American operator. is considered the
most practical. although. according to a
recent British investigation. there are
less than $5OOO,uOu worth of printing
telegraph machines now In use through
out the world.
The spread of telegraphy throughout
the world is one of the greatest indica-
tons of commercial prosperity. The
largest development found in any one
country now Is in China, where large
number of experimental depots for in
vestigation of the latest methods of teleg-
raphy and telephony are being esta blish
ed this year. Plans are now being ar
ranged for q system OF wireless telegraph
stations along the coast. The automatic
system of telephoning Is being esta blished
in Picking and the systems of Tientsin
and the provinces of kiangsu and Chi
kiang are being greatly enlarged. Next
year a committee of telegraph operators
is to be sent to the different countries of
the world to investigate foreign-made
electrical material and compare it with
that manufactured in China AS a re-
suit of these Investigations the telegraph
system of China is to be greatly extended
in 1913. Telegraphic facilities will reach
into Tibet by 1914 In that year China
expects to participate in the great worlds
Geographic conference now being plan
ned.
The Russian duma has decided upon
commercial Geographic communication
between western Europe and Siberia, and
for this purpose large additions to the |
system now in existence are being made |
These extensions include four wireless |
stations on the Karu and White sea. In
Constantinople. under the direction of
English engineers. telephone system
will be ready to start q service Of 1000
lines by July, 1918. The telephone and
Geographic service here must include the
three languages. French. Greek and Turk
ish. The company having this work In
charge is called the Telegraph Telephone
Development Company. but it is soon to
be reorganized as the Ottoman Telephone
Company.