davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

stage But there are two tests of a tradition, the social and the individual What is taking place in our own time once again is the testing of your own inherited religious, social. political tra- ditions by means of social pragmatism. Professor James advocated radical empiricism," whose foundation was the individual mind and universal laws But when we come to see that even the ideas that make the individual mind are themselves a social product, sort of inhalation of a universal atmosphere, 1t seems evident that the word social unloclSs gates to truth for which per sonal empiricism has no key. In other words. the reasoner, the truth seek CT, it not man but man. The beneficiary or the martyr. when truth is won or distorted. Is not the individual but tho race.
 Race welfare therefore becomes the su preme religious passion of the new de- votee. Just what keeps him devotee Is not very apparent. Probably it is the primal instinct of a really normal" man. For to the new culture the word normal does not mean average" or "depraved," as it meant to the older re- lgious thought. Rather ''normal' means the ideal, the thing or person undamaged by vicious social conditions. And 1t fol- lows that the religion of culture is thou sand-fold more concerned with supplying a wholesome social environment, elim-
 mating the wholly unnecessary venom, than in urging men to personal conversion. In the same way natural was formerly used in the sense of degraded. But this arose from a false attitude towards nature on the part of the theologians, regarding
 it as an enemy to be conquered rather than as an ally to be cherished and to be worked with sympathetically. Modern re- ligion, inV it's new reading of nature has ceased to be Hebrew and is endeavoring to become Greek. That is the outstanding characteristic of the age
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07
Still in Suspense

From the St. Paul Dispatch.
 Private Donahue and Private Leahy were the best of friends. but when Prl- vate Donahue became Sergeant Donahue Private Leahy saw the failings of his former companion with amazing clear ness.
 Sergeant" he said one day. after long. fixed gazing at his superior in rank, If @ private stepped Up to a sergeant and called him a consated little monkey. phwat wud happen?"
 He'd be put in the gyardhouse," said the sergeant.
 'He wud?''
 ''He wud.'
 But if the private only knew the ser geant was a consated little monkey and said niver a wurrd, wud he be put in the gyardhouse for that?' inquired Private Leahy.
 "Av coorse he wud not said the ser- geant, loftily.
 Well, thin. for the prisent we'll lave 1t so at that" said Private Leahy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

pension account alone It is asburd to say that there is not the most reckless prodigality attending it when such men as Grant and Garfield said that $30000,000 was ample in 1874 which ought to have teen high water mark for it.
 Had there been no protective tariff to pr eserve we would never have heard of a pension appropriation of $5O,000,00o. It was to get rid of the surpluses in the treasury, and thus argue that Congress should stand pat on the tariff that occasioned the passage of the pauper pension bill that alone has swelled the appropriation $50, 000,000 a year.
 I one day witnessed a scene in the Sem ate that made the G. O. P. vince. John T. Morgan of Alabama. who had been Confederate soldier, made a speech like this: Build the appropriation as you please. Make it mountain high, the sum- init cloud-capped. Every cent of 1t is a testimony to southern valor. If 1t is an honest roll, our glory is the more efful- gent. If it is a fraudulent roll the in fanny all of it is yours, and none of it is ours. But if it tells the truth then the ragged rebels were the most heroic army that ever went to battle I leave it to you. Yours be the responsibility"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

~ NICE 1868 there has been taken O out of the public purse the, the stu t, S pendous sum of more than $4,- 000,000,000 on the pension account alone. I now recollect the total amount of all the property-real. personal and miXed-billed for taxation in the state of Kentucky when Proctor Knott was governor of that commonwealth was about $440,O00 ,OO0. Thus in 45 years the pension cormorant has eaten up nearly 10 states such as Kentucky was in 1884. The present annual charge for pensions is a little less than $160,- 000,000 and now it is proposed by some of the congresN onal demagogues to in- crease the amount of the annual pen sion appropriation by an additional s45, 100000, which would swell the total to above $200,000,000 year. This $45,- 000.0 900 passed the House of Repre- sentatives last winter under a suspen- sion of the rules, which required a two- thirds vote. The Senate killed it, how ever, though it, too, would have passed 1t had vote been taken upon 1t.
 And thus patriotism and gratitude have been made matters of merchan- disc. It Is an insult to the brave men who fought the war for this immense
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07
TONGUES IN TREES"-By Dr. w. E. Evans

placed near them, so that they have practically no night. I remember sev- eral trees whose vitality. was wasting away from this cause years ago. They must be dead by this time. Killed by the glare of the electric light through out the night hours.
 Trees are well or sick, like people. We don't kill people because they are not well. We physic them So should we do with trees that fall into i'll health. I knew handsome young sycamore tree that became III. It had given splendid promise and, though young, 1t had attained about 40 feet in height. It was finely shaped and in a year or two would have been the most beautiful tree in the community. It was pity to let 1t die; but "die it must" said those who looked up at its branches all colonized with cater pillars and spiders. The broad leaves that had so generously Shaded my home had shrunken. dried up, and fall. en- The tree must be saved. And it was. How? Why, thus: A brace and Dit was the surgical instrument em- ployed. A hole of a half-inch diame- ter was bored into the tree until the heart was reached. Then was insert
 u packed back into the heart; then the hole was covered up with soap, so that no insect might field its way into the ,ree. What was the result? In three days the walkway under the tree was covered with caterpillars, all turned green and yellow by the calomel. The spiders left, the webs were blown ava Y, new leaves sprouted and new life surged through the capillary system. There stands the glorious tree in Vir. ginia to this day, Q veritable Hiawtaha of trees.
 Some years after that I met a lady who was distressed at the probable loss of fine old tree. I said, Madam. your tree needs calomel." I then told her what I have but now told the reader. "Ill try 1t today" she said That tree Is now living, is in fine health with leaves fresh and green as the grass along the coasts of the Em- erald Isle.
 Trees again are like people. They will die. Many people die before their time, so do some trees. They are not properly nourished nor safely protected. If wounded how often is the tree neg lected until the poor thing bleeds to death; whereas, cotton bandages and a little tar might have saved the life. The tar acts as lotion, which, upon hardening, keeps out insects. If the wound be on the side of the tree ex- posed to the north, where nature has provided a thicker bark than that on the south side of the tree, then, as cold weather approaches. let the ban
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

social terms, and thus he re-states the essential doctrines of the Christian scheme of salvation:
 '1 The doctrine of one supreme God
 "2. The doctrine of the fall of man, or social degeneration
 ''3. The doctrine of regeneration. or the re-incorporation of social outcasts into so- ciety, in contrast with the doctrine of elimination.
 A. The doctrine of a personal uplift, through contact, influence and suggestion, in contrast with the doctrine of evolution through biologic variation.
 "5. The doctrine of progress through peace and love, in contrast with piogress through conflict
 G. The doctrine of the Messiah, or of lofty inspiring leadership, in contrast with the material concept of civiliza- tion.
 '. The doctrine of service, in con- trast with self-centered aggression,
 8. The doctrine of social responsibil- ity, in contrast with individual rights
 9. The doctrine of personal responsi- bility, in contrast with fatalism or external domination
 10. The doctrine that the wages of sin are (sic) death.
 It is easy to see that such a con- fession of faith is in marked contrast at most points with the old confess sions. As a further example of the new emphasis and exposition, I give here the motto which fronts the intro- ductory chapter, printed in italics:
 Sin is Misery; Misery is Poverty;
 The Antidote of Poverty is Income
 To which it would be a cheap re- talitory response to print third illum- mating line thus:
 Salvation is a Bank Account
 D,,A T,- Dnt4 ,t,.4e. 1,g tA r- a text which he purposes to expound and enforce, a sort of John three. sixteen" to his new gospel. And his exposition Is far from fanaticism, how
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

students of pr. Patten will form sort of university extension group, how ever, unorganized in this industrial center
 But I foretell with confidence that there will still be as keen hunger for deep personal knowledge of God, with it's emotional consciousness, for all who seek His kingdom for the
 community, as there Is in tlie heart of
 the most primitive, simple hearted vil-
 lage pastor or priest in the world. Fay,
 much of the modernism we study is az matter of phrasing. At the last, the
 most vigorous specializing of the Chris tian consciousness is simply a return to the views of the men who foretold its arrival, the prophets and psalmists of Israel The destiny of the faith is not wrapped up with this or that in- depreciation. Tolstoy's dictum was that of John, the disciple whom Jesus loved. Where love is there God is also" And our simple village pastor is very fre- quently an up-to-date social reformer without knowing the meaning of those grim and puzzling words, pragmatist idealist economist. Why? Because he follows the lead of love out of pure heart"
 My conclusion about pr. Pattens book is that it will do it's greatest ser- vice to those who will read it slowly in groups and thoroughly talk it over. Moreover. it very really deserves that respectful attention. It honestly tries to rescue the man and woman of cul- ture from the charge of organism and to give the sanctions of the New Testa- ment enthusiasm to modes of faith never yet classified as religion, but as welfare work. Do We again discover here the philosophy and economics of the impending Kingdom" pushing aside the philosophy and theology of the historic church." It is most enthralling question: to be returned to in rhe interests of the church itself.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

States by motion to adjourn, which was defeated. You see it was the tenth day after the bill got to the President, and when the executive clerk reached the door of the House with the veto message Steele made his motion in order to prevent it's reception that day, for a bill of Con- gress becomes a law without the sigma ture of the President if he has not notified Congress of his disapproval within ten days, unless it be enacted one of the last nine days of the session, when the "pock- ct veto" suffices. Now it was proclaimed from the housetops that Cleveland was beaten for reelection in 1888 because of this veto.
 Ben Harrison became President and Congress sent him this same pauper pen sion bill, and he approved It. What was the result? The next year the pen sion appropriation jumped to $106, ,099, $50 In 1891 It was s117312, 690. In 1893 it had grown to S156,906 657, and about that figure it has remained ever since. except one or two years.
 Everybody admired Ben Harrison for his splendid intellect. l am sure he was q patriot. I am satisfied the office of President was bought for him. l know his election cost the people billions on this
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

Politics is responsible for this crim- inal prodigality and I can testify in ex- oneration of the republican party as the original contriyer of the thing. It Is the invention of the democratic party which sought to debauch the soldier vote by means of liberal pensions; but the republicans seized on it, magnified It, and expanded 1t, and since 1850 much of the pension appropriation has been virtually a republican campaign fund.
 l will relate some history. In 1874, James A. Garfield, himself a union sol- dier of high rank, reported the pension appropriation, and it called for $30, 2O6,- 178. Mr Garfield apologzed for the bill because the amount was so great, and he and President Grant promised that it should be high water mark for pensions. At that time there was no politics in such legislation and 1t was a roll of honor in which all took pride even the Confederates.,
 Both the Senate and the House of the Forty-sixth Congress were demo- cratic in political complexion. Allen G.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

sum was voted the soldier to seduce his vote and not for what he had done in battle.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-05-07

Find out what is in you. Try! Better to stem with heart and hand The roaring tide Of life than lie Unmindful on its flaming strand
 Of Gods occasions drifting by.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
THURSDAY. APR. 81, 1911.
THEY EAT NO BREAD.
Places Where the Poorer People HAVE
to Use Substitutes.

Places Where the Poorer People HAVE
to Use Substitutes.
There are regions wherein the poor
er classes or peasantry eat little or no
bread. Baked loaves of bread are
practically unknown In many parts Of
southern Austria and Italy and
throughout the agricultural districts of
Roumania.
1t IS said that in the village OF the
ODersteiermark, not far from Vienna,
bread is never seen, the staple food
being sterz kind of porridge made
from ground beech nuts, taken at
breakfast with fresh or curdled milk,
ct dinner with broth OF fried lard and
with milk again for supper. This dish
is also known as heiden and takes the
place Of bread not only in the Aus
TRAN district named, but in Carinthia
and IN many parts Of the Tyrol.
In northern Italy the peasants affect
a substitute for bread called pOlenta,
4 porrtdge made Of hoiled grain. PO-
fenta Is not, however. allowed to
"granulatc. like Scotch pOrridge or
like the Austrian steZ. but Is boiled
into Il solid pudding, which Is cut up
and portioned out with string. 1t IS
eaten cold as often as 1t is hot and IS
In every sense the Italians daily
bread.
a variation of polenta called mamu-
liga is said to be the fayorite food OF
the poorer classes in Roumania. Ma
malaga is like polcnta In that It is
made Of boiled grain. but 1t is unlike
the latter in one important respect
the grains are not allowed to settle
into 4 solid mass, but are kept dis
tfnct, after the fashion Of oatmeal
porridge. New York Herald
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
DIDN'T CONTROL T2h ~.
Organizer of "Bathtu5 Trust" rays
independents Kept Busy.

An enameling device known as the
Arrott patent furnished the basis for
the organization of the so-called
"bathtub thust," the members OF
which now are preparing for trial in
Detroit on criminal charges of con-
spring to restrain trade.
Under old methods bathtUbs were
enameled by hand, the workmen be-
Ing paid by the piece, and owing to
the uncertain flow of the enamel
liquid they spread, many tubs when
finished were of uneven surface and
had to rank as seconds" while dead
loss of material was heavy item to
manufacturers.
The Arrott patent furnished a ma
chine by which the flow of enamel
was steady and even, and instantly
was in demand by makers of bath
tubs. The right to use it was given
in the form OF licenses and 10 irIns
IN various parts of the country be-
came licensees.
They assert, and put in testimony
assertion, that under the Arrott pat
ent their loss of material was reduced
to about one per cent, while workmen
were able to make so many more
first-class tubs that they now work
eight hours a day instead of ten and
make GO to so cents an hour, where
previously they made 80 to So
Edwin l.. Wayman, the man who
is credited with forming the trust by
licensing the firms who use the pat
ents, in recent interview IN The
Detroit News, said Of the coming
trial of the trust members:
"The principal allegations of TIE
government are that the licensed
manufacturers have restricted their
output and kept each other advised
OF their respective outputs; that they
have divided the country into geo.
graphical zones, which system pre-
vents the jobbers from doing business
outside of the particular zone IN
which they are located; that they
have selected certain list Of job
bers and will not sell jobbers who are
not on this list. Also that the "oomr
bine" is driving the independent man
ufacturors out of business
"The facts according to the testi.
mony taken in the civil suit instituted
,hy the government, show that the
total business OF all the manufacture
ers. both licensed and unlicensed. does
not exceed $4,000, 900 annually, and
that the business of the so-o8lled
trust" amounts to only about 60 per
cent Of this amount, or $S,400,000 an
nually. Independent manufacturers
called by the government as witnesses
testified that their plants We're run
ming full, and that they were doing
satisfactory business. The Jobbsrs
who have not signed the license
agreement have had no trouble in. Sc
curing practically all the goods theY
need from the independent manufac-
turers and are doing prosperous
business"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
Most Important Trial.

No. case in years has commanded
nao,b countrywide attention than will
tho trial OF the % indicted "bathtub
trust magnatss in Detroit next
month. The department. OF justice,
since congress appropriated 5000, 900
for trust prosecutions in June 1910,
has started a great number OF actions
against business combinations of var
ious kinds, and has determined. - to
ash for fal sentences wherever Il
can secure convictions. But the bath
tub men deny that they conspired to
break the Sherman law, and being busi-
ness men OF consequence in their COM
Inunities, naturally DO not like the
prospect OF jail sentences IL convicted
Of frecturing tho antitrust statutes.
- the fight OF tho Defense will be
. most determined one, conducted by
sttorncys OF national reputation for
brillisncy, and will hold the attention
Of the press and the people for weeks.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
COMPRESSED ICE.
Sinks In Water and Crumbles into
Powder When Warmed.

Sinks In Water and Crumbles into
Powder When Warmed.
All know that ordinary ice will float
This relative lightncss Of Ice with re-
spect TO water is due to expansion Of
the water at the moment of freezing
II water is frozen under immense
pressure 1t seems that this expansion
IS prevented and ice heavier than wa
ter is produced.
G. Tamman has prepared this modi-
flcation, which he calls Ice Ill, as
follows: He compressed water to 5000
kilograms 0,614 Pounds and cooled
Ii In solid carbon dioXide snow and
finally in liquid air. Under these con-
ditions a colOrless, transparent ice is
formed. 1t Is much denser than ordi-
nary ice and heavier than water: con-
seQuently 1t sinks when placed In wa
ter. Ice III. Is very unstable, and on
slight warming 1t swells out and
breaks up into Il dense white powder.
The volume Of the resulting powder
is apparently four to eight times that
OF the original ice. This powder form
ed by the breaking UP of the dense
form is nothing more than ordinary
ice In the form OF fine crystals, which,
OF course, on further warming melt at
zero degrees centigrade
Experiments on Ice Ill. show that 1t
is impossible to obtain il by separa-
tion from water at atmospheric pres
sure and then suddenly cooling. There
would never be possibility of this
unstable form of solid water being
formed in nature.-New York Tribune.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
Legal LIGHTS A-PIenty.

small army of attorneys, includ-
ing many who are famous the length
and breadth Of the country, will take
part in the "bathtub trust" trial in
Detroit in May. The government will
be represented by Bdwin p. Gros-
venor, special assistant attorney gen
eral of the United States. and DIS.
trict Attorney Frank Watson. The
bathtub men have as their champions
Noble, Jackson a Hubbard, Of New
York; Stevenson, Carpenter 8 Butzei,
Of Detroit; ex-Gov. Lyon, of Pitts
burg. and several others. Also many
of the 80 individual defendants among
the indicted manufacturers have their
own personal attorneys who will take
part in the defense.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
A TO TrustBustinu.

The Gresnsburg pa Tribune, Ia
an editorial on "TrusbDustinS," 10
clares the art OF busting has fallen
to low estate, aud remarks In part:
THE beef trust, the Sugar trust,
tho tobacco trust and q great vaptst y
OF other trusts, good, bad and irkakk
ferent. have had their innin0 with tks
departm OF Justice, ys< thsy are.
doing business at the Same cid stanA,
poorer only by the amount Of attor>'
neys' fees thoy have been forced to
shell out for their defense. Tho SOW!
eminent is, on the other hand, richer
only in the vast amount OF free adver-'
Using that has bsen Clipped out by.
the newspapers for this or that limb,
of the law who has found rsfuCs In,
the legal department until the lfberaI
advertising has provided Some better
job for him.
NOW we are told that the manufac-
turers Of enameled ware must an
swer for an alleged combination OF
their interests. But why tho bathtus
trust? Bsthtubs are y luxury. Then
are not listed as a breakfast food ana
they are hardly fit for eating pur-
poses at any time, day or night No
responsibility attaches to the bathtub
manufacturers in the general protest
against high prices for food stufrs.
The price of bathtubs, whether high
or low, does not justify the selling of
bacon at 40 cents tho pound or the
scarcity OF eggs at % oeAte NE dozen
How would II be for tfss legal de-
partment Of the government TO stop
the dress parade of it's representa-
tves just long enough for thsm to set
strangle hold on some of the real
Offensive trusts of the country?" 4
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
Expect AcquIttaI.

The 80 "bathtub trust" men who go
to trial in the United States court in,
Detroit in April, are confident of ac-
quittal, says Attorney Leo NJ. But
eel, one of their Detroit attorneys. He
declares that they will fight the is.
sue squarely in court, denying that
they formed a trust in restraint of
trade or conspired unlawfully in con-
nection with their business. AS the
government is satisfied that it has o
good case, il is certain that the public
will see clean-cut legal struggle
when the fury that will hear the evil
dence Is chosen and the trial gets
under way.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
Twisted.

"What we want" said the magazine
editor, 'Ts Il story that reflects real
life"
That's the trouble with our current
literature" replied the harsh critic.
I'VE are getting too much fact in our
efforts for fiction and too much fiction
In our alleged facts" - Washington
Star
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27
How the DAYS Go BY.

Frank looked up thoughtfully from
his engine and cars game Of railroad
Ing, played n the primitive plan Of
Ave-year-old boy.
Mamma, Isn't II funny how the days
90 by, one after the other, just like a
train OF cars, with Sunday for the en-
CINE. "-Harpers.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1911-04-27

$4,000 to loan at low rates of inter
est. Drake a. Sayles. SO