davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
THRILLING RESCUE OF ENT0MbED MAN Miner Buried Alive For Three Days Is Saved
 by Friends

Joplin, Mo, August a.-Though he has just been rescued after being entombed in
 a mine drift 72 feet below the surface of the earth for three days, Joseph Clary. taken from his prison here today. will l resume his mining operations tomorrow If doctors permit him to leave his dar- kened room.
 Mining has no terrors for him now, Clary says, because he believes he has has had his turn" He says the White Oak mine in which he was entonbed, with the new shaft through which he was rescued, will prove a paying ven- ture. He had gone into the mine to examine the drift when he was caught.
 "will I go back mIning?" Clary asked. why shouldn't I? It does not stand to reason that the same fellow will be caught twice in the same trap. have mad my turn and now can mine all the rest of my life in safety"
 Clary was promised that In case the light does not hurt his eyes tomorrow he will be allowed to leave the darkened room and return to the mine.
 Ci1fys thaPifsohol py SoNS-fh ~ sf1 White Oak mine near this city since last Sunday morning was reached by res- cuers this morning. He was alive and well. When the last spadeful of earth was removed by workmen in the shaft, and they dropped through into the drift Clary threw himself into their arms and wept while the shouts of thousands .y,a \. down the shaft.
 Three workmen were digging In the mar row shaft. The bottom suddenly gave way and they dropped Into the shaft at S:25 o'clock this morning. A glare of light flashed in on the entombed Clary and he looked upon fellow beings after a period In darkness, which though reck- oned by him to be something over four days, was really exactly three days and 45 minutes.
 Clary's Imprisonment had severely weakened him, but shouts from the mouth of the shaft, sounds from the outer world and ghshes of fresh air gave heart and strength to him. At first he had little to say save to breathe his thanks.
 A physician was lowered. He admin
 stered stimulants. Clary was hoisted to the surface and set foot on top of earth ten minutes after he was found. Spec tators were kept from him. His father brothers and a physician hurried him away to the Ciary home nearby where his mother, weakened by the strain o' the long vigil, lay i'll. The physician urged Clary not to talk until he had gained strength
 Clary is 23 years old, the son of q pioneer mine operator who has directed the rescue work without rest since his sons Imprisonment. Relays of workers began digging the shaft Sunday and have worked night and day since.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Montgomery Market

Montgomery, August 3.-(Special )-Spot cotton was quoted in Montgomery today as follows: Middlng, 131sc; strict mid ding, 135sc.
 Frying size chickens are selling for e5dD ROC. and hens for 5Oc. Eggs are retailing at 25s, and wholesal- ing at 20c.
 Potatoes-Seed, per bushel, SIPS.
 Jemons-Extra fancy, S3.6ODC.
 onions, s1.S0 to s2 per crate.
 Peaches-Alabama, $2.25@2.50 Der crate. Bacon-Ribs, 1Oc; bulk, 91s@sNc.
 Tard-Pure, sac basis; fancy cotton oil lard 9c; packers compound, SEC.
 Rutter-Creamery flrsts, 26c and PIC: country, 11c and 15c; renovated, 2oc to 2ihc. 405: patent, $4.75 to $5.15; extra fancy bat ents, s6 to t$625. Meal-standard S6-pound bags, n41; perfection waterground, $1.47.
 Cofrce-Ordinary, 141hc to 1515c; prime, 16c to 1sc: fancy, 20c to 22c; peabery, a21sc: Arbuckles, s22.10 per case, New York basis; Mocha and Java blend, 27Ho.
 sugar-Granulated, 51ac; Y. O., 5hc; fancy Y. C., 5hc.
 Full ceram cheese, daisies. 15c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Daily Cotton Movement

Galveston: Steady; middling, 12 3-16c; sales 620; stock, 5359; coastwise, 194.
 New Orleans: Quiet; middling, 121sc; net receipts 322; gross receipts, 322; sales, 359; stock, 24,622; Great Britain, 243.
 Mobile: Nominal: middling, 12Ac; net receipts, r. gross receipts, [; stock, 373.
 Savannah Nominal fniddlng, 12Ac; net receipts, 23: gross receipts, 23, sales, 100; stock, 12,09S.
 Charleston: Nominal; stock. 153.
 Wilmington: Nominal; 153.
 Norfolk: Steady; middlng, 121ac; net receipts, l; gross receipts, ESQ., sales, l. stock, 1865: continent, 60 coastwise, 112 Baltimore: Nominal; middling, 13c stock, 1902.
 New York: Quiet; mddling, 13.60c gross receipts, 531; stock S6,50S; continent 155; coastwise, 2269.
 Boston: Quiet; middling, 12.60c; net re. cepts, 12; gross receipts, 2355; stock, 10,. 56s
 Philadelphia Quiet, middling, 12.S5c stock, S25.
 Total today, at all ports. net 3n; Great Britain, 2iS; continent, 215; Japan, 6 stock, 146964.
 Consolidated, at all ports, net, 654O Great Britain, 645; continent, S340; Ja- pan 6.
 Total since September 1, at all ports net, S,4S2,S25;~ Great Britain, S259,539 France, 900,444; continent, 3,050,3 ,3s; Japan 1.S,972; Mexico, 2o75.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
COTTON ADVANCES
 NEARLY S2 A BALE
Market Shows Firmer Tone With Renewal of Bull
 Support

New York; August 3.-The cotton mar ket showed decidedly firmer tone to- day owing to a renewal of bull support and active covering of shorts which re- suited in advances of nearly 8 per bale The close was steady and last prices showed a net gain from 92 to S7 points being within a point or two of the best on the active positions
 The opening was steady at an advance Of : to Il points in response to higher Liverpool cables. At the start buyers seemed to find all the cotton offerings that they wanted and early fluctuations were somewhat regular with active months easing back to about the closing figures of yesterday, but the buying was of good character Offerings soon became lighter and the market turned firm.
 Shorts became increasingly active buy CTS On a scale up and the market during the afternoon was very strong and ex- cited owing to rumors that one of the most prominent of the old crop bull lead CTS had formed very powerful pool for the purpose of supporting prices. Tho talk was that thls combination was the most strongly financed that had ever en- tered the market, and with the feeling more or less general that the short Inter est was over-extended following the re- cent sensational break, buyers showed that confidence more than for weeks past, and after new positions had sold through 1ac, stop loss orders were uncovered.
 August contracts sold up to 124sc, 40 points above last nights close, and s5 points above the recent low record, while December contracts at 11.S5c showed net advance of 3s points and recovery of 5s points, $2.65 per bale from the low level of the week.
 In addition to the rumers regarding a new bull pool, the market was influenced by smaller offerings from the south and more numerous reports of crop damage based upon wet weather or insects.
 Receipts today, s71 bales, against 65s last week and 1033 last year. Today's receipts at New Orleans, 322 bales, against 253 last year. and at Houston, 1904 bales, against AIS last year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
RUSSIAN REPORTS
 SEND WHEAT ALOFT I
Confirmation of Canadian Black Rust Also Infiu-
 ences Prices

Chicago. August 3.-Predictions that the export surplus in Russia this season would be only so.0oo.ooo bushels against recent average of more than 2eoooo,oO0 bushels took the wheat market aloft today. There were persistent assertions, too, that the presence of black rust In Canadian fields had been confirmed by laboratory tests, Closing prices were firm at net advance of 11Sa1ssc to 1zsc. Corn finished bc to 1asc higher than last nights. Oats up ss03lc to %0D7kc, and hog products varying from 2lac lower to a gain Of 2Aac.
 The news regarding the dubuois pros- pect for wheat in Russia came from Lon don and was for that reason not credited as fully as though from source more direct Nevertheless the radical nature Of the cut In the estimate of the proo- able foreign shipments from the Car 5 country aroused the bulls. Sentiment in favor of higher prices grew materially as the day advanced and at no time suffered serious check.
 Black rust rumors would not down. Tn this connection one crop expert went on record with an opinion that the three chief northwestern wheat states would raise less this year than for almost de- cade. Then came statements that the Canadian government station at Brandon had scientifically ascertalned the exist ence of black rust spores on selected samples of wheat there On top or this Duluth reported the working of 45 boat loads for export.
 Altogether it was decidedly bad day for the bears. During the session Sep tember ranged from 9oa4c to 925sc and closed 11a6315sc net higher at 92c.
 The corn crowd had it's own share Of bad crop news. For example, according to g. leading authority, Nebraska promised less than half an average output, even with ideal weather from now on. In con sequence several big Chicago houses made themselves conspicuous by the size of their purchases in the pit. September price changes ran from 64asc to 66c with the close firm, 11sc up at 66%c. Cash grades were in better demand. No. 2 yell low finished at 65d651ac.
 Oats advanced because of an improved call from shippers and on account of sup port from corn bulls. High and low figures touched by the September option were 43c and 415sc. The close, 42ss0421so, showed a net gain of 3-5dBc.
 Provisions averaged higher in view of the fact that for the first time in iong while the weeks packing west exhibited decrease as compared with the corre- spending period a year ago. At the end of the day pork had risen 21aG5c to 221ac, lard was 21sc off to 21sc up and ribs were strung out from 2Mc decline to a greater cost of 200.
 Future quotations were as follows:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
POTATOES COME
 FROM NEW JERSEY Only Scarcity Reported on Avenue Yesterday Was
 That of Oranges

A large shipment of Irish potatoes from New Jersey was a feature on Morris ave- nue Thursday The potatoes are superior to those grown in the southern and west ern states and are offered at s4 per barrel.
 Receipts generally were fairly good Thursday. The only scarcety of stock re- ported was that of oranges. Cantaloupes and watermelons came in little slower than usual, but the thoroughfare seemed good demand.
 Activity appeared to be centered in the grain markets yesterday Both the morn ing and afternoon trade was decidedly brisk, while prices showed a great deal of strength.
 Current quotations are as follows:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
UNIVERSITY SUMMER
 LAW SCHOOL CLOSES

University, August )-The
 summer law school which has been con- ducted at the university for the past six
 weeks by Dean W. B. Oliver, came to a
 close yesterday. The course is similar
 to that which has been offered during
 several previous summers It is given for
 the benefit of students who have read law In an office and wish to pass ex- aminations on the work of the first year so as to complete the work for degree in one year.
 The session just ended was very suc- cessful one. The enrolment was four teen MT. Oliver was assisted in his work by M. D. Mugan of St. Louis, who lectured on a number of subjects in the course The final examinations were held on yesterday and the majority of the students were rendered very en- joyable banquet by MT Oliver.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
GOVERNOR RECEIVES
 "SMOKER" INVITATION

Montgomery, August 3.-(Special )-The governor has received an invitation from the entertainment committee of the Southern Travellers association of New York to attend it's annual smoker" to be given at the Hotel Astor, New York city, on Tuesday evening, August S. and to re- spond to the toast, ''The South As a Manufacturing Factor" Owing to of- ficial duties the governor has been com pelled to decline the invitation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04

Liverpool, August 3.-Closing: Cotton spot good business done; prices 1 point higher; American rniddling fair, 729d; good middling, 6.95d; middling, 6.67di low middling, 6.47d; good ordinary 6 21d; ordinary, 5.96d. The sales of the day were 10000 bales, of which 1000 were for speculation and export and in- cluded 9100 American. Receipts, 10O bales, all American. Futures opened quiet and steady and closed steady August, 6.331sd; August September 6.16Iad; September October 5.94hd October 5.sSd; November. December, 5.S4d; December January 5 S31hd; January February, 5.S41ad February March, 5.S6kd; March April 5.SSMd; AprilMay, 5.9od; May-June 5 .01hd.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Ccntreville Wins Two

Centreville, August 3.--(Special.)-On the Centreville baseball grounds a double header was played yesterday afternon between Blocton and Centre vile. The games were full of interest and wereIwitnessed by a large and en- thusiastic crowd. In each game the Centrevile team was victorious, the score in each gave being 10 to l. Bat teries. First game, Pratt and Pratt; Williams and Williams second game, Anthony and Pratt; West, Williams and Battle Features of the games were the pitching of Pratt for Centreville In the first game, he allowing the visi- tors two hits in nine innings, and the pitching of Anthony for Centreville in the second game, he allowing Blocton one hit in six innings. Centreville out olassed the visitors.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Uuhhard Bros, & Co.'S Letter

New York, August 3.--tSpeeial) )-Fol- lowing the better tone of yesterday aft CT the bureau report, our market. with good cables at the outset, showed strength, and this with the over sold condition induced short covering. Early in the day the trading was large ly experimental, but latter the improv- ing tendency was pronounced and large buying orders easily advanced prices sharply This danger to the short side was not unexpected, but the trade is averse to believe that circulated re- ports of damage from an overplus of rain and from the weevil has yet been of consequence. However, the covered demand was effective in sharp ly advancing prices which are held to the close on active and general trad ing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Fruits and Produce

(Corrected by Doug1as Bros)
 Apples Northern, s4.50d5 box. Oranges. s4. 75d65 Pineapples. s2.7593 Lemons Fancy, 8. Limes-lmported, per 100. s1 .s5. Cabbag-Crate, S1ac pound. l|Onions- New Louisiana. Be pornd. Navy beans Choice, Michigan. per bushel. s2.75. Peas-Virginia black eye, per busheI. s250. Spanish Onions-per crate, SHE. Celery-Fancy, per crate, 8. Grape Fruit Florida, per box. s325d35O. Tomatoes Crate, baskets, s2.75d3.5o. String beans -si5o. New Irish potatoes per bushel. sl 50I1 .75 Watermelons-.1 -.15M25c Georgia peaches-s3@S.5o per crate. Canteloupes-- S2G3 per crate.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04

Flour: Firm.
 Rye: No. ?, S5c.
 Barley: Feed or mixing, 60@75c; fair to choice malting, 9Sc@$1.05. Flax Seed: No. 1 Southwestern. nom- inal; No. l Northwestern, nominal.
 Timothy Seeds % 1850.
 Clover: $15.50@ 17.50. Mess Pork: Per Dbl, $17.62% @1I75. Lard: Per 100 lbs, $S.70. Short Ribs, Sides: Loose, $S.121a @9. Short Clear Sides: Boxed, $S50@S.75.
 Butter: Steady; creameries, 21@ 26c; i; dairies, 19@23c.
 Eggs: Steady. receipts, 5777 cases; at mark, cases included, 10@14c; firsts, 1b1ac; prime firsts, 17c.
 Cheese: Steady; Daisies, 1874 co 13h e; Twins, 12% @13c; Young Americas, 12A @1Sc; Long Horns, 1874 @131Ac.
 Potatoes: Steady, s1.45@1.50; receipts 25 cars. r Poultry: Live, steady; turkeys, 12c; fowls, 121c; springs, 141ac.
 Veal: Steady; 50 to GO h., wts., so SC; 50 to S5 lb. wts, 91a c 10c; S5 to 11O h. wts., lie.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Cotton Seed Oil

New York, August 3.-Cotton seed oil was moderately active with prices higher on outside speculative buying of December, covering of shorts and in sympathy with the advance in cotton futures closed S@7 points net higher August, 5.4S@5 55c; September, 5.S7 c , 3Sc; October, 5.33 @5. 37c; November $5 2S@5 BOG; December, $5. 29@5. 31c Prime crude, nominal; crude summer yellow, 5.51 c 5 soc; prime crude win ter yellow, 5.60@6. 25e; prime crude sales, 10000.
 Ntw Orleans, August 3.-Coton seed oil: Prime refined in barrels, per pound 6c; choice meal, per cent ammonial per long ton, s29; choice cake, per cent ammonia, per long ton, $26.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Flour and Foodstuffs

Corrected by Tennessee Mill Col
 Self-raising flour. s5.75 Nellie Kim flour, per barrel, s4. 50. Bolted meal. per s6-pound sacks, sl,70. No. corn. per bushel, kiln dried, Ssc. Pure wheat shorts. sS2. Pure wheat bran. BPS. 1oo-lb. c. S. hulls, per ton, SIP. Prime c. s. meal, per ton. FPS. c. S. feed meal, per ton, s25. No. h timothy hay, per ton, s2s. Mixed alfalfa and Johnston grass, SIS. Corn chops. her i0o-lb. sack, s1.7o. Flour in wood. 1sc higher. White oats. 6oc. Choice mea green alfalfa, s25.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04


 New York August 3.-Standard cop per easy; spot and August sl2.l1h@ 12.371s; September, October and Novem- ber SIP 22oq1237ia. London steady; spot s56; 5s; futures G56, 1Ss, Sd; custom house returns showed exports of AS tons so far this month. Lake copper, Sl2,7o@l3 ele lectrolytic, s12.621a@1275 and casting $12 .371k@12.5o.
 Tin easy; spot and August $f. 225; September, si1,50@42; October, sf19oGA.9o November, sH@4l50 London, quiet spot GlsO los; futures e1SS Lead easier s44o G1460 New York; $4.4094.471a East St. Louis. London, e13 1Ss, Sd.
 spelter firm, s5.so45.9o, New York; SC 521sGl5. .721a, East St. Louis; sales ooo'- GOO pounds August East St Lotus a. s5. .72ih. London e25 los. Antimony quiet; Cooksons, sS.50.
 Iron, Cleveland warrants 46s; Tad In London. Locally iron was steady. NO. i foundry northern $15d15.25; No. 2, sl4fo m15. No. foundry southern, and No i foundry southern soft, s14.75@15.25.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
New Orleans Cotton Futures

New Orleans, August 8-Spot cotton
 quiet, 3-16c up. Middling 12lsc sales on
 the spot, 2S5 bales; to arrive, none; low ordinary, ii-16c; strict good ordinary. il 5-16c; low middling, 11ssc; strict low midding, 11xo; middling. 12is; strict
 mddlng, 123sc, good middling, 12 s-16c; strict good middling, 12 l5-16c; r.iddling, fair, 13nc; middling. fair to fair. 13ne;
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Treasury Statement

Washington, August 3.-At the be- ginning of business today the condition of the United States treasury was: Working balance in treasury, $91. 1.467,- Til; in banks and Philippine treasury, $54,00S,022; the total of the general fund was s152,622,500. Receipts yes terday, S2,215,071; disbursements were $2,797,522. The deficit to date this fiscal year Is s16,177,5S6, as against a deficit of $10,014,S64 at this time last year These figures exclude Panama canal and public debt transactions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04

Rio unchanged at T SIX 2.5O; Santos un- changed As T SIX 0. 50, Is 6 SIX 600. Receipts at the two Brazilian ports 5000 bags, against 46000 last year. Jundiahy receipts 47,700 bags, against $500 last year. New York warehouse deliveries yesterday j65S bags, against 13,591 last year.
 Spot coffe steady; Rio No. T. 1SAc; Santos No. 1, 1Sa4c; mild coffee quiet; Cordova 14dD16c nominal.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Kansas City Grain

Kansas City. August 3.-Cash wheat 1@2c higher; No. hard, SS@92hc; No. red, S5 lh e sec. Corn unchanged No. ? mixed, 621a @65Ac; No. 2 white 62K @63c.. Oats unchanged No 3 white 39 E e 400; No. mixed, 391kc. Close: Wheat September, S9c December, 92 A @92asc; May. STAG. Corn, September, 64Ac December, 621sc; May, 65 5sc
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Bonds
New York Money

New York, August 3.-Money on call, 2A@2hc per cent; ruling rate, 33sc; of Tered at 21a c; loans, firm; 60 days PA e 3 per cent; 90 days, 3@3A per cent; six months, 3@37sc.
 Prime mercantile paper, 4@4hc per cent; sterling exchange, steady, with actual business in bankers bills at 1 .s4. 15 for 60day bills and at s4. S6.10 for demand; commercial bills, $4 .S3 F i; Mexican dollars, 45c; government bonds, steady railroad bonds, irregular; bar silver 52Ac
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
New Orleans Rice Market

New Orleans, August 3.-The rice mar ket was active today, with continued strong demand for rough Honduras ana clean rice ruling steady.
 Receipts Rough, 100; clean, none' millers, SS9.
 Sales. Rough, 1255c, new Honduras at q 55533. .65c: 331 old Honduras, at 22o@ 2.75c. Clean, 2276 Honduras at 2a6A; 5oo Japan at 31sc -
 Quotations: Rough Honduras 1.7o@S .6oc :; Japan, nominal Clean Honduras sag 5A; Japan, 2@3as.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
BUSH LEAGUER IS
 SOLD FOR $3O0O

Spartanburg, s. C.. August 3.-The New York Nationals have purchased Pitcher John Terrell from the Spartan burg, Carolina association. club 1t was announced today. The price was 5000, the highest ever paid for player from this league.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Bank of England Statement

London, August 3.-The weekly statement of the Bank of England shows the following changes Total re- serve e2,046,000; circulation, increased, fi,045,000; bullion decreased, f1,000, S9S other securities, decreased, f1,- 720,O0O other deposits, increased, f2.- 465, 5,0O0 public deposits, decreased, ,f1,- 319,000 notes reserve. decreased, f2,- O15,OO0 government securities un- changed. The proportion of the bank $ reserve to liability this week was 54.51 per cent last week it was 54.4S per cent,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
JULY WAS SUCH AN AWFUL GLOOMY MONTH

Montgomery, August 3.-(Special. )-Dur- ing the month of July there were only three days when the sun shone continu- ously, and only II days in all that the sun showed his coiintenanco in the Mont gomery district. With the exception of another July about F years ago the july of 1911 holds the record in 39 years.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Dry Goods Market

New York. August 3.-The cotton goods market was moderately steady and generally quiet. Yarns are being offered at lower figures and bids are
 being submitted to mills more freely. A large dress goods sale will be in- augurated next week by the H. B. Claf- ton company; raw silk is quiet and
 steady.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
HUBBARD BROS. & GO.

Cott99 Merchents, Hnnover Square. N. change, New Orleans Cotton Exchange, New New Yqrk Produce Exchange. Asso- ciation: Orders solicited for the Dur pnr- 9hA!e and sale of Cotton and Cotton neea .a oil Tor future delivery. Special at- siEnments of spot cotton for deiivery, Corrsspondsnss ipvited.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
New Orleans Cotton Market

New Orleans, August 3.-Cotton futures opened quiet and steady. 5 points up to 5 down. Cables were much higher than due but did not meet with good re- sponse in the local markets. Reports of damage by army worms in Alabama and Texas were freely circulated but were balanced by the shutting down of mills in Fall River The weather map was favorable as no rain was reported in the central portions of the belt while the Atlantics got good showers Soon after the first call the more active months were to points up. but short selling increased and at the end of the first half hour of business, prices were to 5 points under yesterdays close.
 The decline brought out heavy buy ing orders and 1t was evident that strong people had placed orders all over the ring. Gradually the market did better and took on something of manipulated look Weak shorts ran to cover and ring scapers went long for turn. A good volume of business was being done bv the middle of the morning but the market was not at all excited. The rise continued right up to the noon hour when prices were IS to 25 points up from tie lowest and 15 to 20 points over yes. terday's close, Damage from army worms in Alabama and Texas and the formation of new bull clique were the bullish features of the gossip of the morning.
 The market was very steady on gen eral buying in the afternoon session. Al o'clock prices were 2T to B points ovei yesterdays close.
 The market closed steady at a net ad vance of 34 to A points.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1911-08-04
Meats
HicdtS (Cnrracted hv Arrnn

Lard. 1Ue, compound, sssc. D. S. short ribs. sisc. D. s. fat backs, sac. Clear bellies, 17iac; fancy, 1shc Ham butts. 12c; Boston butts, 11c. Bacon. fan cy, 24c; medium, 2oc. Pork loins, 14c; spare ribs, Size. Star Reg. ham. 17ihc Star s1d. ham, 1Sc.