davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
SOUND SLEEP.

Is one Of the results Of good health
and strong nerves.
# You would enjoy this blessing
don't waste your nervous energy un-
necessarily. Eye strain is one OF the
most common and least suspected
causes Of nerve waste. The muscles
Of the eye are i'm constant use except
during the hours Of sleep, and If there
is any undue tension or tightening Of
these muscles. the strain being con
tinuous. even though slight, is a seri-
GUS one. II is sometimes so pronounc-
ed as to cause spasms of the ciliary
muscles OF the eyes, causing twitching
OF the eyelids. headaches, nervousness,
etc. The only relief is properly fit
ted glasses We prescribe them, be-
cause. eve DO this one thing we'll :"
cARR's OPTICAL PARLoR,
No. 423 Chickasha Ave.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
Aow,s rAIsa

We offer one hundred dollars re-
ward for any case Of catarrh that can
not be cured by Halls Catarrh Cure.
j.. ]. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo, O.
We the undersigned. have known
F. J. Cheney for the last Is years, and
believe him perfectly honorable in all
business transactions and financially
able to carry out any obligations made
by his firm.
WALD1NG, K1NNAN & MARVIN,
Wholesale Druggists. Toledo. o.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter-
nalIy, acting directly upon the blood
enl mucous surfaces Of the system.
Testimonials sent free. Price IS cents
per bottle. Sold by an druggists.
Take Halls Family Pills for consti-
patton. dim
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
CIRCUSHERE
TOMORROW

The circus season viii be officially
opened IN Chickasha Wednesday Of
this week Campbell Bros circus will
give a performance here. The com,
pany viii have the usual circus at-
fractions and win give a parade Wed
nesday morning on the main avenues,
Many new features have been added
to the show and the performance win
be improved over last season. The
advance agent assures US that Il will
be the largest and best performance
ever shown by a circus company in
INfickasha
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
MAJESTIC THEATER.
PROGRAM TONIGHT.
nn.. nsa

5000 feet Of motion pictures. Two
new reels changed every day.
VAUDEVILLE.
"The Beardsley Sisters that high
class singing and character change
act. giving a complete change in their
program tonight This is one Of the
best vaudeville acts ever seen in
Chiekasha and to miss seeing them is
to miss a big treat Tonight is their
last night
Night performanee-Doors open at
Z p. m. First show starts at 7.15.
Prices for night show IS cents for
adults and 10 cents for children.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
OPEN WESTERN LANDS.

Washington, April is. Several
large tracts Of public lands in western
states were opened to settlement un-
der the homestead laws today as d rs
suit of restorations from forest reser.
vations ordered BY Mr.. Ballinger while
secretary Of the interior
The tracts include 65,755 acres in
the central part Of Nevada, 1900
acres in western Colorado and 4,907
in northeastern Wyoming.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
HIGH SCHOOL DEBATERs
FACE HARD BATTLE

The Oklahoma City high school de-
batting team which comes to Chicka-
sha Friday night won in a debate
with the Enid team last week and il
will be contest for the state cham
pionship between Chickasha and Okla
homa City
re debate will be held in the Nigh
school auditorium.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
published April 3, 1919
ORDINANCE NO. 4e5.

An ordinance providing for and fix
ing the salaries of the mayor, city
clerk, city treasurer, city attorney, po-
lice Judge, chief Of police, street COM
miasioners. and members Of the city
council Of the City Of Chickasha, OK
iahoma
Be 1t ordained by the mayor and
city council Of tie City Of ChIckasha,
Grady county, oklahoma:
Section /. That the mayor snail re-
ceive salary Of $4,000 per year. pay
able in monthly payments on the first
Iday of each and every month in war
RATS drawn on the city treasurer.
Section 2. That the city clerk shall
receive salary OF $l2OOOO per year,
payable monthly on the first day OF
each and every month in warrants
drawn on the city treasurer
Section g. That the c.ey treasurer
shall receive salary Of 100000 per
year, payable in monthly payments on
the first day Of each and every month
in warrants drawn on the city treasur-
er.
Section 4. That the city attorney
shall receive a salary Of $4,000 per
year, payable in monthly payments on
the first Of each and every month in
warrants drawn on the city treasurer.
Section 5. That the police judge
shall receive a salary Of $4,000 per
year. payable in monthly payments on
the first day Of each and every month
in warrants drawn on, the city tFeasur-
er
Section 6. That the chief OF police
shall receive a salary Of $I2OO00 per
year payable IN monthly payments on
the first day Of each and every month
In warrants drawn on the city treas
urer.
Section z. That the street commits
sioner shall receive a salary Of $4,000
per year, payable in monthly payments
on the first day Of each and every
month in warrants drawn on the city
treasurer
Sectors That the members Of the
tcity council shall receive a salary Of
$4,000 per year and no more. payable
in monthly payments on the first day
Of each and every month IN warrants
drawn on the city treasurer: provided
that in the event Of the absence Of
any member Of the city council at any
regular or call meeting of thecity-coun-
Gil without a legal excuse, he shall re-
ceiye as compensation for that month
only $500 for each meeting which he
has attended: provided further that
lin no event shall any member Of the
city council ever receive more than
ter dollars for any one month.
Section 8. That all ordinances and
parts Of ordinances in conflict with
this ordinance are hereby repealed
land this ordinance shall be in full
force and effect from and after 30
days after its passage. approval and
publication as required by law.
Passed by the city council on this
the 2Sth day Of March, 1911.
Approved by the mayor on this the
2Sth day Of March, 1911
]. A TEMPLE,
Attest: Acting Mayor.
JOE DEWS,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
PIE SOCIAL WEDNESDAY MIGHT

The pie social which was to have
been given at Union Hill school house
four miles southeast Of Chickasha last
Friday evening was postponed till
Wednesday evening. The proceeds
will be used in purchasing bell.
Everybody Is invited.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
(First published April Is. 19ll.)
SHERiFF's SALE.

SHERiFF'S SALE.
State Of Oklahoma, Grady county. S..
Gilkey-Jarboe Hardware Co. vs.. Henry
Frey
Notice is hereby given, that BY vir-
tue Of an execution to me directed and
delivered. and now in my hands, issu-
ed out Of the clerks office Of district
court. Grady county. state of Oklaho-
ma. upon a judgment rendered in said
court in favor Of Gilkey-Jarboe Hard
ware Co. and against Henry Frey
have levied upon the following de.
scribed personal property OF said de-
fendant, to-wit; One (l) model five
(5) five passenger Buick automobile
and that | shall on Wedaesdayth the 26th
day Of April A. d. 1911, at the hour
OF Ii o'clock A. NJ, OF said day at the
front door OF the court house in said
county aud state, proceed to sell the
right, title and interest Of the above
named Henry Frey in and to the above
described property to satisfy said
Judgment and costs, amounting to one
hundred fifteen dollars and eight-three
cents together with all accruing costs
Of sale and interest ON the same from
the first day Of March. 1911. at the
rate of 80 per cent per annum at pub
lie auction to the highest bidder for
cash.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
MuNIclPAL PRIMARY.

Jacksonville, Fla, April 1s.-A defn.
ocratic primary to select candidates
for city offices is being held today A
second primary will be held May 2,
|if necessary. The candidates select
ed are certain of election IN June.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

FOR SALE II Cash, credit or trade
good new up to date stock OF gro
ceries. located in one Of the best III
tie towns on the Washila. doing good
cash business. Phone 60 or $50. 1913
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
coes FOR SALE.

We win sell choice clean cobs $500
per load delivered or two loads for
$3.50 delivered. Matthews-Linton
Grain co. Phone 739 4-1S-tf
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

THE MONEY WHICH YOU SPEND
AT HOME MAY COME BACK TO
YOU; SEND II AWAY AND YOU
SEE IT NO MORE
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

FOR RENT = 3 connecting rooms,
completely furnished for light house
keeping, with electric liahts and bath,
also sleeping rooms nicely furnished.
Phone s44 or call 424 Pennsylvania
Ave. 4-1S-2
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Potted tomato plants in bloom
Ritsche Pros. seed house. Phone a.
No. III North Fourth street. ass
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Reece Gollohan of Enid. a railroad
construction foreman and former
Chickasha resident is in the city max
ing arrangements to build on his lots
on North 9Th St
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Get II at ths Owl drua gtere, A1-u
Mrs S. w Bird has been quite ~
the past two days AZ the Royal hotel
'Pritchett Iaundry's' bargain
month. For the next 30 days We viii
wash five quilts foF one dollar. l5-tf
Miss Martha Vaughn has returned
home from a week end visit with her
sister in Medford
Meet me at T. G. Goodwin's, 4th
and Chickasha. 4-l2-6
Miss Lee Irvine Bird who has been
spendingthe past two weeks in Minco
and Tuttle returned home today.
Make your house cleaning easy. call
300 and we viii come out get your
curtains, spreads. rugs, carpets, and
return them to you looking like new.
15-tf
Prof. Danner Of Alex, one Of the
prominent educators of this vicinity is
spending a few days in Chicwasha
Potted tomato plants in bloom
Bitsche Bros. seed house. Phone "a.
No III North Fourth street 4-lS-3
Keep in mind when doing your
spring sewing that we shrink all cot
ton and linen goods. Pritchett Laundry
the place to get all kinds up to date
work 15-tf
The Chautauqua circle will meet to-
morrow afternoon with Miss Martha
Dawson instead of with Mrs. Jones as
previously announced.
Fresh and clean groceries. Just
what you want. Bradley & Bailey,
18th and Idaho. Phone 54. 4-1S-3t
Hurry, get your coral jewelry while
our stock is complete. M, FIatau &
Son. the place to get your novelties. II
At Jackman & Lemon two new ship
mehts of Easter millinery New and
up-to-date. See what we have before
you buy. 14-Z
Potted tomato plants in bloom
Bitsche Bros seed house. Phone "a
No. III North Fourth street 4-1S-s
Mr. and Mrs. Dave Wickliff o.
Columbus. Ohio. who have been visit
ing the latter's sister, Mrs. ]. F. Nc
Kiernon, expect to leave for theil
home tomorrow.
Start right. Keep right. and you vii
soon find yourself at the Pritcheti
Laundry, wnere system is the har
mcny of business. 15-tt
DIR. and Mrs. Grand Lienard OF Un
ion Center were the guests of DIR. ant
Mrs. c. S. Foster on Easter Sunday.
Lunch with us. T. G. Goodwin. 4tl
and Chickasha. 4-12-l
The Woman's Foreign Missionar!
society of the Methodist church vii
meet with Mrs. e. S. Dougan, Thurs
day afternoon at ? O'Clock.
4 Cold drinks, fruits. and sandwiches
at 7. c. Goodwin's. 4th and Chicka
sha. 4-12-6
We do expert diamond setting. Car
ry complete line Of IA X hand mad,
mountings. Set them while you wait
NJ. Flatau & Son, jewellers. 4
Architect I, j Galbraith is in Silver
ton. Texas. where he went to aware
the contract for school which he il
to erect
Flour aad feed a speciality. RradIe,
& Bailey, 18th and Idaho, phone "a.
4-ls-s
PRlTcHETT LAUNDRY y
Is like vacuum cleaner. gets al
the dirt. Give us a trial with you
wool blankets. We dry them by stean
thus leaving them soft and fluffy.
15-t
Reece Gollohan of Enid. a railroad
construction foreman and forme
flrg
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

IF you stay at your desk SO late and
work so hard you'll soon be bent with
care ''Well, Id rather be bent than
oroke.s--Togedo Blade.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
PRlTcHETr LAUNDRY

Is like vacuum cleaner. gets all
the dirt Give us a trial with your
wool blankets. We dry them by steam
thus leaving them soft and fluffy.
1E.ff
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
First published April Is, 1910
FOR SALE.

Household furniture to be sold for
storage. April 29th. 1911, on the bank
corner. belonging to Bin Hammons.
w II. Mead. 1855
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
JOHN q LEWIS.
Sheriff Of Grady county

BY J. A. THOMPSON.
e NJ. Fechheimer plaintiffs attorney.
Dated al chickasha this l4th day OF
April 1911. 4-15-10d
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
Personal Mention

Meet me at the ovl SOFA fountain.
17-tf
4. w. Perkins left this morning for
Texas to spend week on business.
Our cold drinks are cold r g.
Goodwin. 4th and chckasha- 4.l2-6t
Miss Sarah Carson left today for
Calumet where her mother is ILL.,
Get it at Brownson's drug store
2-23-tf
John 3 Graham Of MARROW, is bus
mess visitor in the city.
TO CURE a COLD IN ONE DAY
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets.
Druggists refund money If 1t fails to
cure. q. W. Groves signature is on
each box. 25c. l1-S-tr
/ Miss Mary scearce spent Easter at
her home iii Norge.
We repair broken hair barrettes- NJ
Flatau & Son. II
A. L. Durand Is reported seriously
III with measles al his home in Fred
erick.
/ Drs. F. B. Larkins and Mary A. Mar
key, osteopathic physicians. All cura-
able diseases treated. Mcfarland
building. Phone ss3. 6-1Otf
James p Hale Of Pawnee, is among
the out Of town visitors in the city to-
day
Free delivery from Owl drug store.
Phone 126. 2-7-ti
/ W. S. Moore Of the firm Of Edwards
e. Moore win leave this evening for
Chicago and the eastern markets.
Office phone 1857 residence phone
l427. DR.. w. L. Peters. 3-18-tf
The Knights of Columbus and their
young lady friends enjoyed dance
Fin the II. Of G. hall last night
The best dressed lady, wears white
shirt waists. done at the Pritchett
Laundry. We can 40 'em to a queens
toste. 15-tf
David Jenkins Of Cnvington left this
morning for Gotebo after a weeks
visit with his brother, A. J. Jenkins.
Mr.. NJ Flatau left for Oklahoma
City Monday to attend the State AS
sociation of Opticians convention.
Mrs. r. w Perkins has returned
home from a weeks visit with rela-
tiyes IN Oklahoma City and Shawnee
4 FOR QUICK SALE Business lot
between 1st and 2nd SITS. Chickasha
Ave. A bargain. only $3.50 cash, bal
ance terms. A. N. Woodbridge. phone
963. 4-14-a
Mrs. VIM. Plum and little son Chas
ofAnadarko were in Chickasha yester
day on their way home from oklaho
ma City.
Fresh butter. eggs, chickens. coun
TRY produce. Orders promptly filled
Phone 54. j. NJ Bradley and Lon Bail
icy 18th and Idaho 4-lS-St
Nis- AcofSe heyS Oh A-tW lO1l iiiu
Miss. Jane Anderson Of Missouri arriv
ed in Chickasha today to visit Mrs. F
NJ. Frey.
I PILES CURED IN TO "A DAYS.
Pazo Ointment is guaranteed to curI
any case Of itching, blind, bleeding ol
protruding piles in six to fourteen day.
or money refunded. soc. 1l-8-dt
Miss Vicie Wootten returned home
yesterday from Nashville, Tenn.
where she has been studying voice al
Belmont College since Christmas.
This Tuesday evening is the regu
lar meeting night Of Banner Camp
NJ. w. A. and full attendance Of the
members is urged.
---
HoW's THIs7
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

EVERY DOLLAR THAT YOU
SPEND AT HOME HELPS TO MAKE
cHIcKAsHA A BETTER TOWN.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18
PILES CURED IN 8 70 4 DAYS.

Pazo Ointment is guaranteed to cure
any case Of itching, blind, bleeding or
protruding piles in six to fourteen days
or money refunded. soc. 1l-8-dti
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Miss Vicie Wootten returned home
yesterday from Nashville, Tenn.
where she has been studying voice al
Belmont College since Christmas.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Mrs. r. w. Perkins has returned
home from weeks visit with rela-
tives in Oklahoma City and Shawnee.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

FOR QUICK SALE Business lot
between 1st and End SITS, Chickasha
Ave. A bargain, only $3.50 cash, bal
anoe terms. A. N. Woodbridge. phone
963. 4-14-3
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Mr.. NJ. Flatau left for Oklahoma
City Monday to attend the State AS
sociation of Opticians convention.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

This Tuesday evening is the regu-
lar meeting night of Banner Camp,
NJ. w. A. and a full attendance Of the
members is urged
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

Mrs. VIM. Plum and little son Chas.
ofAnadarko were in Chickasha yester-
day on their way home from 0klaho-
ma City
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1911-04-18

David Jenkins of Cpvington left this
morning for Gotebo after a weeks
visit with his brother, A. J. jenkins.
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1911-03-02
Priceless Prescriptions
For the Cure of All Female Disease
Sent FREE TO Any Woman.
Read Every Word of This Great Offer +!

afford to, and will gladly send to any suffering
my recipe for the complete and speedy cure Of
any female trouble. Best of ALL will send this pre-
scription absolutely free and postage paid. Any
who suffers will know the value of this price
less prescription.
If you have leucorrhea or whitsh discharges nerv-
BUSINESS, liberation, foreign growths displacements
or falling of the womb profuse, scanty, delayed
painful periods; any kind of ovarian or uterine
troubles, change of life pains in the head back or
thighs; bearing down sensations, hot fashes dizzi-
WEAKNESS; if you feel worn out tired and
respondent; if you have any disease or weakness
common to us women, you would like to be cured in
the privacy of your own home The prescription I
will send you free has been used by thousands of
women with truly remarkable results. will send it
to you so that you accomplish these same results
IN the privacy OF your own home.
Write me in confidence, knowing that as a physician
and woman will respect your confidence and hold
it sacred. Do this will not only send you my free
recipe but will send you letter of advice and in
Structon covering your particular trouble and will
send you home medical guide-a book of 100 pages
relating to diseases of women which will tell you
how any woman may gain and keep her health
will send the prescription the letter of advice and
the book absolutely free and postage paid to any
woman who will fill out and mail to me at once the
coupon telling how she suffers, or write me per-
sonal letter, telling her trouble in her own words
These gifts will be sent in plain, sealed wrapper so
no one but yourself need know what they contain
and you cure yourself in the privacy of your
own home
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1911-03-02
Send No Monev

All ask is that you fill out and send to me the
coupon below-just cut or tear it out, fill it
in in your own way and send it to me. Do
not send any money-not one cent-not even
postage. I will take care of all that-will pay
the postage myself on all that send you.
When say that I will help you FREE mean
every word of it. do not want you to pay for
my gifts to you. If I knew you and knew your
condition I would send my wonderful prescrip-
ton without waiting for you to write to me;
but do not know you-I simply know that
there are many women who suffer from dis
eases that I can cure. I want to reach these
women and help them. I want to help you
and you must write to me, telling me of your
troubles so can help you
All [ ask in return for my gifts is that you will
speak good word for me to other women
who long to be cured in their own homes. By
doing this you will help others and help me.
And so | repeat do not send me one cent for
the help I offer you free-just write your
name and address on the coupon below; tell
me all you think I ought to know about your
condition and I will help you free by sending
you as quickly as I can the recipe letter of
advice and medical book, as I have promised
You will never regret having confded in me,
but will remember it with gratitude all the
balance of your life.
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1911-03-02
the Words OF DR.. Bertha

n sesofw AS
other nh
then NJ surely
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1911-03-02
q Glorious Gift

The most glorious gift that can be given
to suffering women is health. [ cannot
give you health itself, but [ can and will
give you the means by which you may
become healthy and we'll and strong.
All [ ask is that you write me fully and
freely and allow me to send you the
gifts that will surely mean more to you
than all the riches [ could bestow.
You cannot fail to see that I am sincere
in my wish to help you. All I ask is an
opportunity to show how sincere I am
and how quickly and surely can help
you. I can think of no greater pleasure
than giving to my own suffering sex the
means to perfect health and womanli-
ness.
All [ ask is that you accept the help I
will give and by allowing me to give
you that help will not only receive great
benefit yourself, but will increase my
pleasure by the knowledge that [ have
helped one more of my diseased and
discouraged sisters. Will you let me do
this for you now, today, before it is too
late? Answer on the coupon below.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1911-01-10
By
CHIEF JUSTICE
MEMBERS OF UNITED STATES
SUPREME COURT WILL Gov
ER VARIOUS CIRCUITS AS
DESIGNATED BY WHITE.

Washington, Jan. 9.--Chief Justice
white today. announced the reassign-
ment of members Of the supreme
court of the United States to various
circuits.
by this assignment he takes the
fourth dcircuit, including Maryland,
West Virginia, Virginia, North and
South Carolina. Justice Harlan takes
the sixth circuit, including Ohio
Michigan. Kentucky ana tennessee.
Justice McKenna goes on the ninth
circuit, consisting of the Pacific coast
states. Justice Holmes takes tho
first circuit, including Maine, New
Hampshire. Massachusetts and Rhode
Island Justice Day the seventh, IN
Guiding Indiana. Illinois and Wiscon-
sin. Justice Lurton, the third in
cluding New Jersey, Pennsylvania
and Delaware. Justice Hughes, the
second including Vermont, Connecti-
cut and New York. Justice Vande-
venter. the eighth, with Minnesota.
low1, Missouri, Arkansas, Nebraska,
Colorado, Kansas, North and South
Dakota, Oklahoma, Wyoming, Utah
and New Mexico Justice Lamar
takes the, fifth circuit, including
Georgia Florida, Alabama, Misslsslr-
pi, Louisiana and Texas.