davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Two men held the mother-in-iaw astral
die on horse with the greatest difficulty.
Armand and madame. dragged by dog
under each arInpit, just loved the noble
creatures.
Only when they arrived at the hospice
did they realize that they had no paja-
mas. Their clothes Were soaked and
frozen In a dream they were led to two
big bedrooms. where blazed two big wood
fires: and a big brown brother calling
through the keyhole that they would
find 4 change OF gowns on the chair
backs," They were monks gowns of
scratchy thick brown wool that so
.'tickIed'' the two ladies that they late
their soup and went to sleep laughing
The next afternoon - the sleigh man
having sent up their valses by porter
and returned to Bourg st. Pierre disgust
ed-tiley went down the ,, 6. and 10 per
cent slopes OF the Italian side in serv-
ice sleigh and daShing style. That reg
,Illar traffic driver took the terrific de-
scents of Is TO ~ per cent with brio and
sleigh brakes that hold safer than an
automobile in dry clay. Although they
found the pass well travelled with mostly
local movement, they consider themselves
great sports and advise no one to repeat
the exploit AS to the dogs, they will
send them a present of $40 francs every
Christmas As the first Christmas has
nor vet swung around it remains to be
seen il they turn out more remembering
than others. But l believe that they did
put SO in the aims box.
4
IL is a painful subject The hospice
consists of two vast agglomerations of
buildings in the bottom of a cup-like
suace surrounded by terrific peaks. Yet
il is the top Of the pass, so high tina,
every one is incomnoded for breath after
a little exertion-no one knows why. Per
haps because of the unique masses OF
glaciers round about. the atmosphere is
more rarefied and colder than that of any
other pass. altitude for altitude by a
technical 800 meters. True. it is higher
than the Simplon or Mont Cents, but II
is lower than the Stelyio or Galibier-all
four of which | have done, in auto. with
none of the inconvenience of the Great
St Bernard in the slower ard more grad
uaI ascent of horse traction.
Without the hospice the 1900 poor
pedestrians would be in wretched, even
danYerous' plight
Without the hospice 5000 well-to-do
tourists who annually go over the Great
ST. Bernard for pleasure in July, AuSust
and September would find it asless TO
mantle and delishtful adventure with
probably some painful details Autono-
biles not hein permitted the Swiss
side. ali-horse traction makes a stay
over nis ht at the top almost necessary.
Of course, they might lunch UP there and
hurry down.
But they would have to pay, for one
thing When bralseload arrives at
the hospice they rms the bel in the
ancient porch and are welcomed by an
able Cor CANON like gtests at a chateau.
With old-fashioned courtesy the tourists
are taken to their rooms, and after the
meal are shown round the. church, the
kennels and museum. quite like guests
in country house, / say. Never is
there q hint of money. Every tourist
kncws4t Is universal conversation and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Stitutional government with responsible
cabinet. Again, it has instituted "a system
of secondary education along modern sci
enIific lines, and has transformed its an
tiquated literary examinations into more
suitable tests of official fitness
AT home it is redeeming its treaty OBJ
legations to mint a standard and national
coinage. II has formed it's first budget,
has initiated a system of imperial taxa
ton, reorganized its postal and telegraph
services and nationalized its railways.
Abroad it's statesmen have brought to a
head the Monaghan question. maintained
the status quo in Manchuria and opened
relations with Siam.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

greatest affection. Yet before starting
on an expedition an able has the chief
dogs up before him. one by one. Ii hap
pens in lence. very queer When the
pure minded. strong -souled unworldly
man looks into his eyes, what passes INTO
the subconsciousness of the clean-lving.
high-bred. man-companioned animal
of the thin air and lonely heights?
Two hospice dogs have lain down be-
side an exhausted wayfarer, Snuggied
close on each de TO keep him warm, and
breathed on him while the third dog ran
back TO guide the rescue caravan to
the spot.
Such a trio of scouts-going on ahead. as
they always do-have barked continuous
ly in the ears of a weakening, stumbling
traveller to keep him awake. Two
trudged so close to him on each side as
to sustain him upright-while the third
butted him along from behind. a good five
minutes, before dashing back TO fetch the
caravan
ANY visitor. in snowtime, is given the
pr vilege to wander off and hide behind a
drift, as far as he pleaSes. covering his
tracks at pleasure. Then an able Will
take new dogs from the kennel and mere
ly show them your handkerchief-of
course they get the scent. on they go,
circling and barking, IL at game.
After two circles round the hospice, at
most running with their noses in the
air like the best races OF French deer
hounds they have your trail and follow it
straight to where you are waiting to be
rescued.
Then you get your second surprise. In
stead of digging you cut OF the snow and
Offering you drink of brandy and water
from the canteens round their necks, the
dogs stand laughing at you. i'm circle.
You know how dog laughs?
Technically. the pass is ''open to circu-
lation'' between the melting and reap
pearance of the SHOWS, in July. August
and September. During that period.
when the route is alive with traffic over
dry earth and rock. the rescue work is
limited to hunting up adventurous tour
lists or upsy work seekers, who have
strayed or fallen. In bad weather-and as
soon as there is snow-the telephone
makes it routine. From St Rhemy, Oh
the Italian side, and the Canine de PROF.,
the Swiss slope, a telephone message
notifies the hospice of the passage up OF
each vehicle. band of pedestrians or
STERLING HEILIG.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Seattle Correspondence Portland oregonian.
The steam whalers St Lawrence and
White. working from the kyuquot sta
ton, reported much success during the
past two weeks. according to advice re-
ceiyed by wireless from the west coast
of Vancouver Island When the steam-
Sunday the whalers reported that in the
previous ten days they had taken seven
snerm. thirty-one humpbacks. two I'm
backs and one sulphur bottom whale.
while the Tees was making her run
between Quatsino and Kyuquot the
whalers added another eleven whales to
their record for the past two weeks. At
Sechart the total catch during the same
time amounted to twenty-five making a
grand total of seventy-seven whales
taken off the west coast of Vancouver
Island during the past two weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

the liberty OF the press. drawn up by the
edict declared That the estahIisbm.nt
of newspapers Serves to make clear to
all the interests of the empire and on
the the other , hand ,diseioses to the authori-
chief end is to reveal abuses and III in
dictate the best methods of fostering the
advance of knowledge Noreover they
should not hesitate to discuss subjects
winch from respectful fear, have hitherto
been avoided.
Though liberty of the press was later
forbidden an impetus to free and mod
ern thought has been given which neither
edicts nor punishment could entirely
advisory parliament the question was re-
vived. and law for the regulation of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

plished in which belief they were sup
ported bv the leading Christian organiza-
lions of the United States and Great
Britain
Most fittingly, active operations for the
reform began ut Canton, where seventy
years since British policy forced on emma
q continuance of iInportations OF opium.
The work proceeded with system ana
energy, anti-opium associations spread
ing through southeast China like Wild
fire.
So effective were the methods. con-
yincinr the ARGUMENTS and widespread
the anti-opium feeling that in June, 1903.
the viceroy of the two Kouangs forbade
by edct the use of opium by either the
army or by the civil functionaries. The
reform spread from the south to the
north and within a year five other prov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

interminable journey-and surprised no.
body.
Otherwise Hannibal, wandering with
his elephants from orain up into France,
must have wandered back, or stayed
there. Instead he followed the RhOne
valley TO the entrance of the Great st.
Bernard. climbed the grand old road up
TO its snow and Ice, elephants and all,
and descended on the vines and fig or
chards of Capua. to the immense surprise
of the Romans themselves.
The first army to risk il was Catfish
one. a century and a half before Han
nibal The Romans used IL early as
b. c. 10:: and the Hospice Museum con-
tains tablets recording the passage or
various iegions. After the foundation OF
AoSta. B. G. D. il became freQuented by
travellers and traders-a temple 10 Jupiter
actually stood al the top where now
rises the gigantic statue of st. Bernard
Roman emperOrs improved the road. not
ably Constantine. 4. ID. go. Barbarian
hordes fell on the empire from its heights:
and in the anarchy OF the early dark
ages il became one of the most travelled
and secure routes of Europe, policed by
mountain chiefs taking honest toll
uncle.
So, when ST. Bernard collected pack
of their descendants-already evolved to
precious mountain friends Of man-it was
to help I'm aiding travellers at the critical
point of a unique highway in the clouds.
There were other shortcut passes. but
none SO improved by art and traffic
Even today in spite of the railway tun-
neIs the Great st. Bernard is annually
crossed by 1900 poor pedestrians. seek
ing work or going home from jobs accOm-
plished, agricultural laborers. railroad or
public works navvies. moving mostly in
bands according to demand and season.
All pass a night and eat two meals at
the Hospice gratis. Some, we'll brought
up. drop few cents in the aims box.
Most take 1t as right with or without
thank YOU"
In early days the richer the travellers
the more substantially they showed their
gratitude. During the middle ages the
monastery became very wealthy. Kings
and emperors made ii grants. Passing
mobiles and merchants settled annuities
it. And princesses embroidered collars
In eioth-of-gold for the big dogs, concern
ing whose unearthly intelligence and
goodness all kinds OF stories were rife.
Personal friends of mine had an adven-
ture with the dogs last May. Imagining
il to be a sporting English" trip to
sleigh over the Great st. Bernard after
a partial melting Of the SHOWS makes it
possible, they started Off Partisan trio
retired fashionable ladies' tailor of the
Rue de la Paix. his wife and mother-in-
law, weight and g1rth increasing in the
order mentioned.
At Martigny i'm full bloom of peach and
cherry blossoms. they took four-horse
carriage up the already dusty road
through the ravine OF the Drance the
rocky gorge. the tender green. of the
woods. the tunnel. on up through Sem
brancher, where they stopped to cool
with beer. past ruined chatSaux and over
ancient bridges. the ORANGE away down
below often invisible. 1t was all de-
lightfui, springlike. and their hearts sang
as they rode up. like the skylark's.
X
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

the guide books explain it-that each
tourist ought to put into the aims box
at least what he would pay at a hotel of
similar altitude. All provisions are
gust and September twenty horses are
employed daily in transporting fuel up
from the Val Ferret, four miles distant.
All tourists similarly know in advance
that the hospice has grown poor in mod
ern times, by continuing to feed, warm
and lodge $4,000 rich and poor annually
in spite of the old grants and annuties
having melted and shrunk.
This being so, what do you imagine the
5000 gay and arrogant tourists of last
summer put into the aims box? Ii ag-
2regated less than what a single 200 of
them would have been forced to pay in a
hotel. That is to say, an average Of one
in six paid up honestly. The rest
sneaked it.
But this is not why the dogs have far
away, disdainful look. They do not know
why they are almost hard-up for their
soup and biscuits. They do not connect
you with il.
90 about, content, in leather dotted with
brass nailheads They do not even know
that rich tourists have tried to buy them
for large sums-which the good canons
send their dog friends down to pant in
the thick air of the plain. They disdan
nobody. Only, they do not like our smell,
the smell of gross. hot, overfed tourist
bodies. burning oxygen and letting off
poisonous gases like furnace!
Their friends, the abbes, brothers and
ciean-smelling woodchoppers of the
heights, are plain livers trained down,
their very clothes free from the grease.
microbes. toxines and ptomaines of the
fostering plain. How, then, if they rather
avoid us. are they willing to dash through
night and snow TO hunt Out-what they
scented denizen Of low attitudes I'm dis
treSS?
In men it would be professional ardor
In these dogs we call il atavism. Since
St Bernard collected the pack, A ID.
9e2. almost a thousand years have
elapsed. Generation after generation
back through the centuries, the same
patient training, exclusive companion
ship of wise men and absence of outside
fooishness and distraction have made it
a race of dogs apart How the dangers
of too much inbreeding were avoided is
curious story for technical readers. But
this pack Is a race apart
There are plenty of ST. Demands up and
down the Swiss and Italian slopes but
they are degenerates from the overflow
whose ancestors came down slowly via
shepherds and farmers. first to high alti-
tude towns like st. Rhemy and Rourg
ST. Pierre and finally to commercial CEN
tiers. Such are the still really fine dogs
you can buy at Martigny from $50 UP for
a big six months pup, who has not had
the distemper. to $40 or $50 for a fine full
grown specimen. completely "accl mated''
to the low altitude of Martigny, oh. YES
in fact, born there. and his pa and ma,
too.
The dogs of the hospice, for example.
take their rescue orders only from the
canons. not from the Brown Brothers
c'marronniers), who. nevertheless live
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

the press was passed at the last session:
While voting that newspapers must not
publish private secrets, 1t was agreed,
with the assent of the imperial adher-
epts, that the press was free to attack
mandarins who were bribed, If the reVe-
lations concerned the public veal.
Probably the most notable moral
achievement of the twentieth century has
been the success obtained by China in its
persistent war against the abuse OF
opium. The habit of smoking this noX-
ious drug had grown up in ali parts OF
the empire and invaded all classes or
society, while the cultivation OF the
poppy plant was steadily increasing TO
Ithe detriment of rice, cotton and cereals
needful for the prosperity of the country.
The revenue from the government
taxes on the opium trade had Increased
enormously, amounting annually TO some
$50 1900. 1t seemed that the abolish
ment OF the opium habit was not possible.
since the inciinations of the great masses
of the people and the financial necessities
of the empire favored the continuance OF
the trade But the lofty spirit of the
Young progressives of the Celestial En-
pire believed "a reform could be accom-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

VEN the most cas-
Ual observer OF
urr mt affairs
must have been
impressed by the
steadily increasing
volume of matter
that is appearing
In periodical litera-
ture relative to
China and to its
evolutionary prog
ress toward its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

tioning to the provinces the pro ra.a taA
for the Boxer indemnity to the powers
the Chinese government estimated the
population at 4O7. 2J3 o3o. a most cohse!
Fative opinion, which was. hoWeNei' 81, Ell
ously questioned by some foreign au1. a0n
ties. which placed the number at ''''
600. 200
La Revue jaime, the new ChiheSe-D
gian review, for May II publ.shes tne
data as far as compiled. the whole eripiie
numbering 439. PA 0OJ souls Inc! "ie
distributed as follows, by provinces:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

HAVE just quit
forty of the most
magnificent dogs
IN the world - as
big as calves, as
husky as bears. as
intelligent as folks
as pedigreed as
princeSSeS, as meri-
torious as saints
and as pure and
plain living as the
Augustine canOnS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01
|THE Meanness of Coz

THE Meanness of 5000
i Rich ourists Who
Cheat the Hospice on Their
Board and Rooms-Over the
Alps to Italy by the Antique
Route of Snow and Ice
1900 Poor Pedestrians Seek
ing Work Are Lodged and
Fed Gratis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

The approximate population of the de-
Tendencies. from other sources, is as fol-
lows: Mongolia. 80 millions; Tibet, o.
millions; Chinese Turkestan, etc, Ii mil
lions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

The cabinet. appointed and dismissed
a. the pleasure of the emperor. Is respon-
sible to him and TO public opinion only.
Criticised by some a system controlled
too largely by princes and mobiles, il is
viewed by others an important ad-
vance toward the constitutional methods
of the occident.
Viceroys, appointed and removable by
the emperor, govern the province with
practically unlimited power, which in the
past has often resulted in unbridled cor
ruption and tyrannical oppression. Under
the edict of November u, 1906 for the
reformation of local governments pro-
vincial assemblies were established. Their
functions were advisory, and the admin
istrative powers remained entirely in the
hands of the vicereeal officials.
1t might appear that public opinion
would. be ineffective under such condi-
tions. but the contrary result is usual
In an exceptional case the provincial
assembly OF Kwangsi passed a resolu-
ton which the government vetoed. When
next convoked the assembly refused tC
sit, and its appeal to the advisory parlia
ment at Picking was sustained.
The assemblies have taken concerted
action to extend their influence in i'm
perial affairs, and have occasionally at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Enormous as is the population of the
empire, there are but few very great
cities, as would be expected with the
limited transportation for their mainte-
nance. Possibly Canton, Picking and Sim
gan have each million inhabitants.
while Tientsn, Hankau. Shanghai,
Chungking. Fuchan and Suchau probably
range in population between half and
three-fourths of million.
In view of these data the belief van
lSheS that China is the most denSely
populated portion OF the world. The pop
uiation of Europe is 430.300,30J, in an
area of 10,O0o,WO square kilometers. while
China has practically the same number
over an area of 1i,001,0G0 square kilo-
meters.
Influenced by the spirit of the century,
China is gradually changing it's form of
government to that of "a constitutional
monarchy. The burning question before
the advisory parliament. which nearly
caused its disruption, was the restriction
Of imperial powers Parliament Strenu-
ously urged the establishment of a re-
sponsible government along English lines.
AS compromise the prince regent yield
ed to the extent of adopting a system
analogous to that of Germany. and inn
perial edicts instituted in lieu of the old
organization, as officials of the emperor.
SUen-tong. a privy council, a general staff
and a responsible cabinet
The privy council consists OF forty
four, of whom ten are non-votinS coun-
cilOrs. especially well informed men,
who have received modern education.
The general staff Uwo princess reports
direct to the emperor. The responsible
cabinet is formed of a premier, with
two princely assistants. and ten portfolio
ministers. as follows: Foreign affairs. IN
terror, finance. public instruction, war,
navy. justice agriculture, public works
and commerce communications. depend
encies and colonies. The premier, Prince
Ching, is willy, typical politician of the
old school. to whom reforms are unac-
ceptable save as temporary nakeshifts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

LOW the undermining of
1 L Its Army and Navy Is
Merely a Part of Its Rapid
dissemination The For
eign Policy of China-Popu-
lation of the Empire - The
Imperial Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

They exclaimed in wonder as they got
views of MDunt velan, with it's glaciers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Special Correspondence OF The Star.
AOSTA. North Italy,
Below the Great st. Bernard Pass,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

their masters. who, after fifteen years of
a climate that is nine months snow and
ice. break down completely with swelled
joints and impoverished blood.
The dogs are as aristocratic as the
kings who used to send them collars OF
gold: because the first 'Bernards.'' their
ancestors. were already near the spot
aiding travellers in an amateurish way,
when st. Bernard de Mention went UP
from Aosta, AID. 962. Their ancestors.
bear-fghting dogs of old Chariemagne' 8
court. had been left with certain noun
tain chiefs in part payment of toll, aid
and comfort by an earlier Bernard. uncle
OF Charlemagne, when he marched an
army over this route, AID. 773.
Thus the great dogs of imperial court
blood were near the spot when St Ber-
nard and his companions built their ia
nous refuge at the apex of the pass
and to understand their evolution-why
they are not like other dogs-you must
have an idea of this majestic short Gu,
OF antiquity from north Europe and into
Italy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Nowadays the tunnels take you through
by rail in three-auarters of an hour; but
previously 1t was different. An almost
in1penetrable mountain wall ran across
Europe. Why have the passages OF Ma
poleon and Hannibal remained SO strik-
ing? Because great army, with camp
material. baggage, supplies. cannons and
ammunition carts, or yet more ponderous
fertile plains Of the south. They fell
from the clouds, fterally-the clouds
hanging about the snow-capped wall of
the Alps Otherwise Napoleon must have
led his army round by the Mediterranean.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

Rarely does a single act mark the up
ward turn of d decadent nation, but in
China il was the signing by the emperor,
Kouang-Siu, July 26, 1898, of the edict on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-10-01

modern times. an astonishing measure OF
success has been obtained. The
disappearance of the poppy plant can
only be described as wonderful
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1911-05-17
i, S, court GRAND
JURY IS called

FARGO, May 17.-Summons was
sent out from the office of James
Shea, United States marshal, for a
session of the grand jury to be held
in Fargo. The grand jury will con-
vene here Tuesday, June 6.
The number of men that have been
called has not been announced. How
ever the men who will act will come
from all parts of the state and 1T IS
understood that they will serve for
week at least.
None of the federal officials have
stated what would be considered by
the grand jury, nor why the session
is called. 1t is presumed, however,
that there are liquor cases relating
to the Indian reservations that will
be considered, but nothing else has
been given out to give any clue re-
garding the other points that may be
taken up. The names of the grand
Jurors have not been made public
Today the summons were sent out
over the state for the men who will
sit on the petit jury. This body OF
men will convene here June IL to act
in the regular term of the United
States district court which will be
presided over by Judge Amidon.