davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1911-03-05
INTEREST

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New-York tribune., 1911-03-05
Official observations Of United s,s,e- weather

bureaus taken at 5 D. m. yes'erday follow:
New-York tribune., 1911-03-05
CENTRAL LEATHER COMPANY
Annual Statement
December 81. 1910.

THE STOCKHOLDERS THE CENTRAL LEATHER COMPANY:
Leather Company submits to the S'oo
consolidated Loss Account the O
salaries for yearn ending December 81, 1910
New-York tribune., 1911-03-05

,,p.nrs or MERCHANDISE AT NEW
YORK
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

Although the Condition of Yok Factory Workers Improved
500 Per Cent Decade the Legislature This State,
Others, Still Wrestes with Problems of Master Man.

number of cases where twelve women
would sit all day long in an unventilated
room about fifteen feet square and sew
from eight o'clock in the morning until
FIVE at night. Then most of them would
leave, and after threads and clippings of
cloth had been showed into a corner sup
per would be eaten in the same room, and
then four Of the family would sleep there.
The man or woman who leased the
premises would say that the others were
relatives or friends come to visit, and that
was ali an inspector or Il landlord could
get out Of them. There was no remedy for
it. To-day such a place would be put out
of business within four hours. The license
to do work there would be revoked and
no firm would be allowed to have their
work done on the premises, a fine being
the penalty for violation of the law.
The Commissioner of Labor of the
State issues licenses to tenants in tene-
ment houses to take work to their prem
ises and specifies the number of persons
who may work at one time on the prem
ises. Without the license no firm is al
lowed to give work to tenant to be done
at home, and before the license is issued
the Tenement House Commissioner reports
or unfavorably on the condition
of the building. Unless the tenement
house laws are complied with the license
is not granted, except in extraordinary
cases, where the trouble is lack OF Light
in hall or some other thing which does
L., A. h.. av,nfH Nuhnrn
work will be actually performed. This
prevents the doing of what We call home
work in old ramshackle buildings which
do not come under the new tenement house
laws"
Numerous laws have. recently been
enacted in the interests of sanitary condi-
tons in factories and workshops, includ-
ing bakeries and small confectionery
shops. Workmen need no longer leave
the factory begrimed with SCOT and COW
cred with grease and filth. Not only be-
cause legislation requires it, but because
the workman demands it and the employer
sees the benefit Of il, Mushrooms have been
installed in thousands Of factories.
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10
THE POWER OF SILENCE.

/ \ painting the sacrifice of Iphigenia
The artist, it is said. exhausted the
emotions of grief and horror in the
faces of the bystanders.
He has left nothing unsaid How
can he depict her fathers sorrow:" wus
the anxious query of those friends who
were watching the development of the
picture. The artist threw q mantle over
AgumemrOn's face. The blank silence
was more effective than any pictured
woe.
one OF the most extraordinary effects
produced 10y absolute SILENCE Is recorued
III the reports or convention III winch
the IUretuUSI men or Virginia took part
JOnn ILauuOlph nau a measure to carry
III which he IOOAed tor tine opposition of
AIeXauuer CampUeu, man Inen noted
Tor ms scholarship and power III debate
Randolph had never seen the SCOTCH
lOgIcIau, but lie had heard enough of
HIM to make him and paruSans uneasy.
W hen, therefore, the gAunT stranger prst
rose 10 speak III the convention Kan
doIph looked at him with sucn al air of
alarm as to attract the whole attention
OF the convention, and as he glanced
around seemed 10 be asking for sym.
pathy in his coming defeat. tie then
composed himself to listen IN rapt atten-
ton.
Campbell, aware of this by-play, hesi-
tated and lost the thread Of his argu-
ment. Randolph.s face by turns as be
listened expressed WEAKNESS, indiffer-
ence, and finally contempt. He leaned
back and yawned. Campbell sat down
hastily. He had lost the whole force of
his speech. Not q word had been spoken.
but he was defeated.
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

law was recommended by the same as
sociation in all the States and was passed
in FIVE besides New York.
Under this law a physician who attend.
case of arsenic or mercury poisoning
Tor instance, must Immediately report il
to the Labor Commissioner. From time
to time statistics are compiled and g
thorough investigation made of all cases
of such diseases as are frequently con.
tracted in certain industries. The his.
tory of each case is studied and the con.
ditions under which it was contracted are
investigated with a view to minimizing
the danger. This affords necessary in,
formation for the enactment of intelli,
gent laws to protect employees who are
constantly exposed to the diseases in
question.
Besides this the information is dis
seminated among manufacturers and sug-
gestions made as to how better TO protect
employees. The information itself is help
full to the employer in protecting the men
working for him. The diseases which
commonly come under the head indus
trial. are poisoning from lead, phOsphOr-
Gus, ar, .nic, mercury, or their COIN
pounds, and anthrax, an illness caused
by working under high air pressure.
Educate the Employe."
The way to obtain greater safety for
workers III factories, says john AL
,ams, the State missioner Ut Labor,
lis through education, not only OF euI-
movers, but or employees. No man wants
80 have his employees run unnecessary
RISKS. The laws are growing every year
10 make him more anu more responsible
for the safety of those under hun, and,
besides this, the every interests of busi-
ness argue for the protection of the men
VINO carry on the business. 70 TINS end
there was created last year by act of the
the American Museum of
Safety, the object of whose members is
to study the causes of accidents, the means
of preventing them and the application
of this knowledge to the sanitation and
safety of buildings and machinery. The
members of the museum are authorized
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

killed. ! was in Pottsville at this time
and decided to go to Shenandoah. where
the bodymasters would try me, thought
The call l had written for the meeting
was never sent out. Some one suddenly
got the idea that I had called on the body
masters to meet in one place so they
would all be arrested together This idea
grew until it became fact in the minds
Of some Of the men. eot report of this
before left Pottsville. but 1 thought it
would turn out all right"
Where did you go then? 1t would seem
you were taking long chances"
II went to Shenandoah, and I did some
hard thinking while making the trip" he
said. "As a rule several Of the bows wouId
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

being so much on the cars. but it could
only have been a guess on his part.
"a number of the Mollies were in Jail
for the murder of Policeman Yost, and it
was on February u, 1875, that their at
torneys were to apply for habeas corpus.
The Mollies at the time were desperate
to t1nd the man who had furnished the evil
dence that caused the arrest of their CON-
rades.
i sent word to Captain Linden, telling
him the situation. and he insisted on my
Withdrawing from the case at once, but
my fighting blood was up and 1 insisted
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

when Kehoe seemed to come to life again.
had dulled his suspicious, but had not
convinced him He received some more
information soon after left the saloon,
and, calling McAndrew to him, he said -
For Gods sake, Mac, McKenns must be
killed tonight or he will hang half the
people in this county
"McAndrew was not to be swayed. he
still stood BY me, declaring that ] had
proven time and again that I was not a
detective but loyal Molly. Kehoe was
stubborn, and he called a dozen men to
his home and told them that I was to be
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

at once I will write the call for the trial
myself l will get the bodymasters to de-
eide whether am a detective or not
The bluff appeared to work, for could
see that Kehoe was astonished at my bold
ness and apparent fearlessness. He knew
that a man would be taking long chance
by going before the bodymasters if he
could not be sure of drawing a clean bill
of health. l wrote the call for the meet
ing and gave it to Kehoe, while the crowd
looked on. Some Of the boys expected me
to buy them a drink, but l told them that
was not going to stand treat while this
charge was against my name.
Il was told afterward that l had not
any more than walked out of the place
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

that l would go on, but it would help some
if he could keep as close tabs on me as
possible
Il met McAudrew again and told him
was going to face Kehoe and force him
to tell me where he had got the story.
Kehoe was in Danny Hughes saloon
of Mollies. l sized up the crowd as
walked into the saloon and brushed a
number of the men to one side as 1 halted
in front of Kehoe
"'Jack, hear you are circulating
stories about my being a detective
began. NO man can live and say that un-
less he proves it. Are you ready to prove
itT And l shouted the last words at the
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10
The Detectives Escape from the Molly Maguires

tried to gain the sympathy of his wife.
and I did. for she took up a poker and
declared she would brain any man that
laid hands on me. I talked as I never
talked before, and it seemed as if had
pulled some of the boys back into line.
and even Kehoe was on my side until I
had left the house again. Then he swung
back. declaring I was a detective.
stronger in his words than ever.
Il wanted to 90 aroun Il town that
night, but McA' drew coaxed me to 60 to
bed
I am going TO sleep with you tonight.
Mckenna.' he said. 4 guess the boys
think you are all right. 1t we don't dare
take any chances. Some OF them may
not have heard that Kehoe thinks you are
o. K. and that you are certainly Jim
mie' Mchenna. the bulliest Molly of US
all"
While we were sleeping Kehoe organ.
lied his dozen men to kill me. 1t was
decided that I could not be shot. owing to
the noise of the weapons, and they knew
I was armed.
1t was almost certain that would kill
a few of them before they got me if
they tried to attack me in saloon. They
were towards when it came to a real con-
hict. so an even dozen had been appointed
to get one man. True. thev did not want
me TO slip through their fingers.
Some of the men armed themselves
with axes. some had taken sledges from
mines and cut off the handles. The rest
had knives, slung shots and tomahawks.
Just where they were to kill me had not
been decided. but all agreed to keep close
on my track the following day and at
given signal they were to rush on me. A
tap from one Of the sledge hammers
would do the work, but they wanted to be
punched and get me when could not use
my revolver. OF course, learned all Of
these details later
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

top of my voice-so loud that it made tho
Mollies jump.
"He looked me over while I waited fol
the verdict.
81 have heard the stories. McKenna.
he said in an even voice. Some one is
telling secrets, and some of the boys say
you are a detective. Are you? He
snapped out the question with surly drop
of his jaw
You heard what l said,' 1 answered.
We will settle this matter once and for
all. demand a trial by the bodymas-
ters-get them all together, and get them
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

III OW can tie condition OF
~ factory workers and labor
ers be improved?"
That is i question which is
agitating the Legislature of
nearly all of the States.
Conditions under which employees labor
call forth constant condemnation from
all classes, and it seems to be the general
opinion that little is being done TO protect
the man, the woman or the child who
labors in 4 factory.
The conditions under which they live
and work are not ideal: there is room for
improvement, but legislation, the work
of associations, and commissions. ap-
pointed by Governors. are making
gigantic strides i'll The direction of the
ideal. Within ten years. in the State of
New York, the condition Of factory
workers has improved, according to re-
ports of the State Commission on Labor,
about five hundred per cent, and still the
men who mould the laws in Albany are
rightly not satisfied and further steps
are contemplated in the interests Of the
lshorer
In short, the protection of the factory
worker has become 4 science.
Not only does the State say This must
be done, but it inquiries into the reasons
for adverse conditions and distributes
knowledge which may help the laborei
himself 10 remedy them. For instance,
The Bureau Of Labor Statistics prepares
an annual report on Unemployment.
This consists of lists of members of labor
unions idle at the end Of each month and
the reason for the idleness, whether it is
disability to work, accident, strike, lock-
out Or lack of work. Suggestions are
made as to the Cause of the trouble and
low it might be removed
few years ago there was no such
thing is this report If there was an
unusual amount Of idleness il became the
topic OF discussion u: election time, when
candidates of both parties made wild
PROMISES 10 bring good times" and work
tOr all" To-day trained men are con-
Stantly at work finding out why others
are idle and telling them how they them
selves may bring about conditions that
will give them work.
Then there is the Bureau of Mediation
and Arbitration, the work of which ia
10 adjust disputes, if possible, before a
strike has actually been called Ten
years ago the members of a union n,iobt
strike and they would be left To fSht
it out with the employers. Want and
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

to purchase grounds and erect building
suitab BILE to the purpose Of exhibiting mod
els and devices and systems which tend
to increase safety and sanitary conditions
In this museum building when 1t IS
completed will be shown all sorts oil
guards for belts. patent devices for auto
matically stopping machinery when
something goes wrong, fire extinguish-
ers. the proper method of erecting scat
folding-in fact. every mechanism or con-
struction which has for its primary pur-
pose the protection of life and health.
Attendants in the museum building will
demonstrate the use of the devices
shown. estimate the cost of fitting out a
plant with safety devices, advise en-
ployers in the best way to make build
ings 6reproof and give their expert
knowledge in installing systems for ex-
tinguishiug hres."
Fire Greatest Danger.
Fire, Of course, IS one Of the greatest
wholesale dangers to factories, and espe-
ciaIIy to loft buildings. Millions of dol
lars have been spent in fighting fires,
but the cry has always been that nothing
was being done to prevent fires. Besides
strengthening the laws which tend to
prevent fires last year, the Legislature
provided for a commission of nine men,
bers TO investigate the conditions under
which manufacturing is carried on in
lofts and other factories in first and sec
ond class cities of the State.
This act was the direct result of the
agitation following the Washington
place, or Asch Building, fire in New
ork on March % last. Although the
is particularly to investigate
the conditions in loft buildings and is
primarily interested IN conditions relat-
Ing 10 hre prevention and escape from
De stuuled and the Investigations will
cover anything with reference to health
aud the general public safety. :
The act carries an appropriation of
$1,000 and directs the commission TO
report by February Is, 1872. The com
mission is composed Of two Senators
two ASsemblyI1en, four members an.
pointed by the Governor and the Gov
ernor cx-ot1cio.
Another law passed in 1911 which great
y reduces the danger from FIRE Is the
of State Fire Marshal
whose duty IL Is TO enforce all State laws
prevention of fires, FIRE es-
capes and exits from factories and other
places where persons. work daily. The
State Fire Marshal is directly responsible
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

Mr.. Mcfarland laughed heartily as he
recalled this incident of so many years
ago.
ut was not long before the stories
Linden told about me were circulated
among the Mollies, and I gained better
friends among them every day. ! con-
tinued to play the part Of the bad man
with known reputation. and every time
/ went into Cleery's I would ask him to
tip me off if he noticed Linden coming
down the street ] would often hide in
a back room from Linden, and this little
side play had its effect While this trick
did some good it did not stop talk of the
traitor in the camp. knew what would
happen to me if suspicion turned in my
direction.
when I was first sent TO Eastern Penn
syIvania to gather evidence against this
famous han of murderers it was agreed
that was never 10 20 on the witness
stand A written agreement was prepared
releasing me from giving any testimony
as a court witness. and. while did take
the witness chair in the end. I was glad
to have the promise Mt the time. It was
easy enongh to gather evidence against
certain members of the band. but we
wanted to round up all the leaders at one
time. or at least catch all the guilty men
before quit the case
Suspected of Being Detective.
''It has always been more or less of n
mystery to me how my name was first
suspected 70 be an assumed one by the
MollieS. Different persons have advanced
a number of theories One was that I
had dropped letter which gave a clew.
This cannot be true. for I always de-
stroyed letter the moment had finished
reading it. Another idea was that had
to sign my name to draft to get some
money. All these are wrong.
John. or Jack Kehoe. as he was
called. was a bodvmaster and was one OF
the brightest and smartest men you
would care to meet. He was bold and
defiant to the last second of his life.
He was really the brains and chief leader
of the Mollies.
"Kehoe must have gone back over the
work of the Mollies since I became a
member. He must have traced out the
efforts Of the band during my two years
and he could not help know
ing that there had been n remarkable
number of arrests of the Mollies in that
particular period. Who could be caus-
ing all these arrests? By deduction i'll
might have settled upon me. One day
Frank McAndrew, bodymaster of the
district. sent for me.
Jimmie he began, I hear talk that
you are a detective
AT last it had come. I booked at
for the fraction of second. |
and in that fraction I did a lifetime Of
"'Who is telling that lie? Who is the
man that dares say thatY I shouted.
81 can't tell you who started it, but
it is a fact that the boys are talking
about it, he went on.
What do you think about it, MacT |
asked.
" 1 think it is lie he said. His con-
6dence decided me to bluff out the mat
ter TO an end"
why was that not a good time to
get out of the case?"
True, 1 could have stopped on the case
then, for we had made much progress
and many arrests were about to be made, !
but I wanted TO go on and get more de-
tails" and the strong jaws of the detect |
i've closed with a snap.
Il learned later that a conductor on a |
railroad train had suggested that was a
detective. Perhaps he guessed it from my
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10

SSNSNSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
for cities having population of 100000
or less, but in larger cities his duties are
coincident with the Commissioner Of La
Dor, the Tenement House Commission
and the local fire department
There are plenty of good laws, but no
way to enforce them," is a popular cry,
but the power given to the State Fire
Marshal and his assistant would seem
to answer that effectively in the case Of
fire laws.
Manner of Serving Order.
For instance, an assistant of the STATE
Fire Marshal may find that in a certain
factory the doors open inward where they
should open outward. He may prepare an
order requiring the alteration Of the doors.
If he cannot personally see the occupant
OF the factory, the man who employs the
workers there, he may deliver the order
to the person in charge during the en-
ployer's absence. If no such person Is
to be found and there is no caretaker, the
order may be posted in a conspicuous placa .
on the building and it will be considered
served.
Another way in which the order NAY
be served is to mail it to the last known
post Othce address Of the occupant Of the
premises
In these and score Of other ways legis-
Iauon is tending to better the condition
OF factory workers. Their wages are mo-
tected from money lenders to a certain
degree, immigrants are protected against
the fraudulent sale of worthless commons
represented to be railroad tickets, and
neayy penalties are attached to he yio-
Iauon ot employment agency laws winch
protect the laOOrer against false state
InentS MADE by agents,
StAusLcs cOnpIed by the Labor Com
MISSION SHOW LnaI last year there were
lever disputes between IaUOr Unions and
anu that tess Iuleuvss resumed
from strikes. 1hIs may very pussInIv
Inulcate that not only are cOuulIIuns ror
factory wOrkers becoming UeLIer but
InHt employers and wOrAers are be,,In-
nng TO see that conditions are nIsr.
A man who employs more than a tbou.
sand lADorerS In a factory in New York
said a few days ago:-''LeI them IevIs-
lAte to make better conditions tor Ibs
workers. wise legislation IN thar dira,,-
tlon is grand thing. The more com.
Iortable my employees are, the better
rney are protected, the more and better
work they will do. My efforts are to ke~n
ahead of the Legislature. but If tbey
can point the way to Improve still fur.
ther shall be glad to follow"
The Washington herald., 1911-12-10
End of McKenna.

"The next day I went to see a man and
put the entire matter before him. There
is no need of my bringing This mans name
into the case after all these years. 1t
would open up a discussion that has been
argued a great many times and without
any results. He was a good man and
man of honor. and told him all about my
being suspe rG beino a detective. We
had long talk and. it turned ont, one of
the Mollies had crept into his house and
heard all said. while I did nv best to
convince him I was not a detective. 1
left him knowing had gone as far as
could. I had to come out in the open
James McKenna was a man of the past.
James McPartlan had come into being
once more"
"And then you hurried away from that
part of the country" was the natural
question
'I made my way to see Captain Linden
and I told him had done all I could
lie wered. "He wanted me to leave
town at once. but would not consent to
this. as l was at last determined to 90
on the witness stand.
"The prosecution was handicapped. 1
knew, by not being able to call me. Some
of the most valuable evidence against
some of the men arrested could not be
used because the prosecution had agreed
not to call ME as a witness for fear OF
my being killed. This was delaying their
work. But the long siege was at an
end. I was no longer a Molly Mcguire.
A much different work was ahead of me.
'"The fact that was witness at a
number of the trials and had to stand
cross-examina ton is only a detail that is
court history. Beginning then. Of course,
there were mnnv threats made against
my life and attempts to carry them out,
but I am still alive, well and hearty, and
with every indic.tion that I have many
years before me"