Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1911-12-31
THE OVERTHROW OF DIAZ.

The year will also become historic for
the overthrow Of tyranny in Mexico
by a populace eager for some appreciable
measure of the freedom which Is enjoy
ed north of the Rio Grande.
In the autumn Of 1910 Porfirio Diaz,
President of Mexico, was confronted by
an incipient revolutionary movement, but
by the time Of his Inauguration in De-
cember for his eighth term as president
Ii was apparently in hand. Early in
January, however, the revolution began
in earnest There was fighting between
Mexican soldiers and insurgents at
stock, Texas, and in the latter part OF
the same month Mexican insurgents cap
tured Mexicala, near the California bound
airy. The Mexican government rushed
of Juarez, opposite FL Paso. Texas. But
the revolt spread over the whole state
of Chihuahua. and there was almost daily
fighting along the Rio Grande.
The conflict soon extended to other
Mexican states, and assumed the proper
tons of civil war. The Diaz government
suspended the constitutional guarantees
and placed the country practically under
martial law. Gen. Francisco l. Madero
jr., the insurgent leader, who had begun
his revolutionary career in cave, took
charge of the operations aroundl Juarez
and announced that peace would be re-
stored only after the retirement of DiaZ.
Troops Rushed to Border.
On, the morning of March the people
Of the United States were startled by the
announcement that the War Department
had ordered the mobilization of a large
part of the United States regular army
10000 men-on the southern frontier. This
| was the most extensive military move
ment ever carried on by the United States
| in time OF peace. Although it was officially
| stated that the mobilization was for the
| purpose OF field instruction. 1t was sur
| missed that Intervention in Mexican affairs
| was contemplated. Somewhat later how
ever, official notice was sent to the Next
can government that the United States
would not interfere beyond affording the
| necessary protection to American citizens
| and property.
May President Diaz announced
, that he would resign as soon as peace
| was restored. Three days later Madero.
| after hard fighting captured Juarez and
made 1t the capital of his provisional GOV
| eminent. Negotiations for peace were be-
gun almost Immediately after this. and
| May II treaty was signed at JuareZ by
| officials of the Mexican government and
| insurgent leaders. 1t was agreed that
/ DiaZ should retire. and that Francisco
| Leon de la Barra should become pro-
visional president of the republic. Ma
|
| rising. might have taken the provisional
presidency. but he preferred to have his
| claims passed upon at an orderly election
later. On the 18th of May President Diaz
| resigned, and the next day he left the
City Of Mexico. where he had so long
ruled as a dictator. for Vera Cruz, Ell
route for Spain.
Madero Elected President.
| Gen. Madero, OH the LIST of October. a,
what was the first real election in Mexico
was chosen. practically unanimously
president, and DIR. Jose Pine Suarez. hi
candidate for the vice presidency, wa
also elected. Their Inauguration tool
place on the 9th of November
: Immediately after assuming Office
President Madero had to face a coun.
ter-revolt. OF this the leading spiri,
was said to be Gen. Bernardo Reyes
who had been candidate for ths
presidency against Madero, but hat
WITHDRAWN from the contest Noyem
per lo Gen. Reyes was arrested by tn,
united States authorities at San An
tohio, TEX. on the charge of violating
the neutrality of the United States b!
settins on foot in Texas military ex
petition against Mexico. He was he'll,
In $4,000 bonds for the April term O
the federal court at Laredo. This al
rest practically put a quietus on tn
revolutionary movement, leaving Ma
dero free to devote his time to working
e out and putting into effect the reform
e Tor which he fought and promised TIN
!. people. chief among them being tn
: education OF the masses, unfettere
!, universal suffrage. freedom of speec
q the great landed estates among tn
i masses.
Il Decepber q Reyes IVES captured aea