davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21

tranS-contin"ntal lines on the ground
OF market competition.
ITO Justify their rates from coast
to roast say the report, the rail-
roadi advance water competition. and
to justify the same rates from interior
points to Pacific coast points they rely
on market competition. under which
they Civ lower rates from all the in
terror cities two-thirds If the way
across the continent to the same coast
cities than to inter-mountain points.
This is the kind of discrimination the
commission has attempted to mini
mize."
While the commission recognize.
the full effect of water competition
upon the rail rates it says "we have
the frank admission of the railroad
managers that they have subsidized OF
bought some of the steamship lines
and terrorized others until they can
make the boast that the effect of the
sea has been neutralized.
Attacks Discrimination.
"A railroad policy OF rate making
tons of the law. or else there is no
law. TO say that there is a long-and-
short-haul section under which IL car
rler may not charge more for the
shorter than for the longer haul. hut
n a the railroads may. to any extent
they please carry Il policy of
oianketing the country for the benefit
CT The farther points n not the near
er points. is to say that Il railroad
may. without restraint, effect Il ruin
Gus discrimination and give no justi-
LEGATION save its own determination
or whim. There can be no regulation
OF rates as to discrimination or pref
ercnce under such an Interpretation of
the law.
''TnS n m ns,,n ~,
that the mistake Of the commission is
IN having attempted 10 fix Il relation
of rates instead of establishing rca-
sonablc rates: but, as We have already
pointed out. there is no way in which
the discrimination found to exist in
these tariffs can be prevented except
by fixing Il differential. since we have
or fin a minimum charge below which
the carrier is not free to 70.
we feel strongly thai water COM
petition, even when the widest rca-
sohablc latitude is given to the effect
OF market competition. cannot by any
possibility Justify Il higher rate from
omaha to Reno than from Omaha to
kane than from st. Paul to Seattle.
Eject Of Panama Canal.
Upon the other hand. it should he
lioted that the opening OF the Panama
canal may so add to the intensity Of
this water competition as to call for
some modification of the conclusion
now reached"
The commission holds the fixing of
reasonable rates to be a legislative
function, not subject TO review by the
courts. Congress, it is maintained.
has delegated that power to the COM
mission. II the intimation is clear
that the courts. in the opinion OF the
commission has no power to review
such rates as may have been cStul-
hshrd through the orders OF the com-
mission IN the trans-rontinrntal cases.
Many Cases Considered.
The report declares thai during the
last year 6.2 cases. r%nhodying hO7 for
NAL decisions We're disposed of. Dur
ing the Year SSl formal complaints
were filed and IL proceedings of in
uuiry were instituted by the commits
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
FELLOWS" IN
DEMAND THIS
SEASON
Still Opportunity For Them
to Make Cheerful the
Christmas Season

Unless a lot Of Good Fellows get
busy between now and Saturday. there
may be a number of poor children
and poor families in Grand Forks to
whom the spirit of Christmas will be
a stranger. This does not mean that
there r few. Good Fellows in
Grand Forks but it docs mean that
the number of cases in which there
is an opportunity for them to act are
numerous.
Santa Claus" letters from the poor
children have not been received al
the Grand Forks p%ostofflce. investi-
cation into every letter of that nature
showing that they come from the
children of families where parents arc
amply able to crafty the wishes
chtldishly expressed in those mysteri.
III missives.
In the Good Fellow" movement tho
object is to deal with the cases OF
children whom Santa Claus might
overlook. The Grand Forks Associat.
ed Charities has taken active charge
OF the work and the officers of that
organization report the need of more
gifts to fulfill the Christmas promise,
Several of the Grand Forks Good
Fellows" Y come forward with gen.
erous donations, and these gifts have
all beer turned into the proper chan.
mel. There only remains the addition
OF a few more Good Fellows" to
make the work entirely complete, and
the Associated Charities workers are
very hopeful that they will make
themselves evident.
Communications enclosing cash
donations to further the work NAV he
addressed either to the Evening Times
or to the Associated Charities.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
COMMISSION
MAKES ATTACK
In Report to Congress Issue
Is Taken with the Com
merce Court.

Washington. Dec. o0.-Sharp issue
is taken by the interstate commerce
commission with the court
in he 18th annual report of tho com
mission transmitted to- congress today.
Tho issue is made, principally upon
what popularity is known as the
"trans-continental rate cases." involv-
ing freight rates from tho Atlantic to
Pacific coast terminals and to inter-
mediate points Existing rates of the
trans-cOntincntal Hires from eastern
points 10 inter-ttorky mountain cities
arc materially higher than to Pacific
coast terminals. In a decision inter-
preting the, .long-and-short haul pro-
vision of the present law. the inter-
state commission. directed.
by order, hat Il relation of rates
should he established between the Pa
cif1r coast and points of origin in five
zones. into which the United States
was divided.
The effect of tho order was to re-
ducc rates to inter- Rocky Mountain
cities and prevent h railroads from
~exacting from shippers the Pacific
coast terminals to the Intermediate
points. The orders OF the commits
sion. on application of the trans-con-
tinental carriers were enjoincd ly the
commerce court and the matter has
Deen carried. on appeal to the United
States supreme court.
In its report to congress today the
commission declares that lit is Il waste
OF transportation and therefore UNI
economical and wrong to maintain IL
system of tariffs which arc expressly
intended to develop the Pacific coast
cities and to arrest the development
of the interior points
1t is impossible to disasSociatc the
intermediate from the long distance
point. Whether the intermediate rate
Is reasonable depends upon what rate
ID made to other points on both sides
Of 1t, and to permit the railroads of
this country to select points where
they will and where they will not com.
pete would be intolerable."
Effect of Competition.
In discussing the effect of water
competition upOn rates the commission
says that 1t cannot fix a rate from
New York to Il Francisco below
which the rail line shall not go for
1t has no authority to fix a minimum
rate. There is. therefore. no way in
which it can prevent discrimination
oy the fixing of an absolute rate ut
San Francisco and another absolute
rate at Reno. 1t can only accomplish
this purpose of prescribing the diff
ference which may properly exist
owing to the effect of this competition
and allowing the carrier to make
whatever a I 1t sees fit to the more
distant point so long as it observes
this d~ifferential."
The report indicates the desire of
shippers from points in the interior
of h country to obtain the same
rates to the Pacific coast that are ac-
corded by the railroads to their COM
petitors on the Atlantic scaboard.
The rates are made the same by the
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21

upon the assumption that woods in the
grease shrink an. average of 662-5 per
CEN While 1t Is true that consider
able quantities of wool do shrink that
amount. the average is we'll below
that.flgure. Cektain very. heavy woods
grown at. the South African. cape and
In certain districts of Australia, South
America and the western" United
States shrink as high at 20 to IS per
cent. =. l
The cost Of lnanufactuying wooden
and worsted ..yafhs and cloth in the
United States is. much higher than in
Europe. The main element of cost
Of production are cost Of plant, ma
terial and labor The cost Of erecting
and equippinG both wooden and wor-
sted mills is much higher ip this
country than in England.
Tariff increases Cost,
The material Is increased in price
by the duty on raw wool. The manu-
pay the full, amount Of the duty.
Woods grown; nthe United States are
increased in value by the duty but
not by the full. extent of the duty.
Wages are much higher in. the United
States, but Wagea are in themselves a
necessary indication of relative cost
Of production. Frequently 1t is found
That high wages and low labor costs
go together.
1T appears that this particular in
dustry is one in which the high Gle
ments of costs in this country are
not in general effect by any particular
advantage or by any marked super
iority in the efficiency OF labor. To
a certain extent European countries
have the advantage over us in the lat
ter regard.
ut may be said that taking the in.
dustry as Il whole the American man
ufacturer practically has no advant-
in efficiency of labor and equip
ment over his foreign competitor. On
certain specialities the largest and
most efficient American mills are able
by sllillful organization materially to
reduce the difference in cost"
The investigation was begun in
1910 and has been pursued at home
and abroad. In the United States en-
pert Investigators visited 1900 wool
growers in nineteen states and 172
counties. Special agents worked in
Australia South America. England
and on the European continent. Fig
urcs were gathered from mills also.
A large part of the report is de-
voted to wages, efficiency and en-
ploycs. A large proportion of mat
chincry used is made abroad. of the
$4,000 employees in the industry in
this country IS per cent were foreign
born and more than 80 per cent had
no previous experience in mechanical
industry.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
EXCUSES M.NAMtHAS. ATS.

New York, Dec. 21.-"1f ] had tC
choose. ] would rather be Il crimina'
with blood upon my hands than be one
of the leaders in the steel trust" said
the Rev. John Hayes Holmes. III
speaking of the Mcnamara case at tho
Church Of the Messiah this morning
during his lecture on THE New Prob
lens Of Peace" 3.
But with all respect to the former
president of the United States. it is no
true that murder is always murder.
and the Mcnamara brothers are not
criminals in the ordinary sense of the
word. Rather they are unselfish SOL
diers of Il cause.
violence the strike. tho boycott, are
war measures, for the laborer is not
dealing with his friends. If you OBJ
jcct to them. you object to the Boston
tea party and the battle of Bunker
Hill. Dc not blame the laborer for
his acts, but blame the capitalists. as
o should blame the men who first
fired on Fort Sumter instead of Sher-
mar who made that %disgraccful march
through Georgia."
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
on WIPE RULES AMl;RlcA

Boston. Dec. 2l.--Dr. Z. $. Henson.
an S~O-year-old Boston Clergyman.
who. until his retirement from the
ministry, was pastor OF FREMONT Tenn
pie. has Il theory that all mankind
may be classified either as nN-like. us
lion-like. as man-lille. or as eagle-like.
in accordance with Il vision of Ezekiel.
alluded to in the Old Testament.
William Penn. George Washington.
Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas def
ferSon. DIR. Henson says. would elias
sify under tho oN-likc head. Theodore
Roosevelt is placed by him in the
leonine class. Alfred Tcnnyson. the
poet: Shelley and Phillips Brooks he
would put in the eagle category.
Under the humane head he would
place such names as those of Queen
Victoria. Florcnrn Nightingale, and
abraham Lincoln. John -. Rnrkrfcl-
lcr is also placed hero, II man worthy
says, Dr. Henson. 1" lr called II true
philanthropist. The country needs
more men like him. u y Ir. Henson.
''He Is q man more sinned against
than SHINING.
America has i'll the past been DOM
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
EMPLOY ONLY NORTH
DAKOTA Men
IS D|CTUM
Builders and Traders En-.
dorse Local Architects
Boost For State

A resolution urging that architects
IN this state DO employed thus giving
tho contractors Of North Dakota bet
ter chances, at getting construction
work, was one of the important things
taken up at the annual meeting Of the
Grand Forks Builders & Traders as
snciatfon. held Wednesday evening in
the Commercial club rooms.
of the exchange vas call
e dto the fact that much Of the archi.
tectural work of the state was going
to Minnesota architects with the result
that the majority of the work of con-
structton went to Minnesota contrac-
tors. It will be the purpose of the
local exchange to bring the matter be-
fore the state association meeting at
Mfnot next month and to try and start
another movement, for home products.
A new building ordinance for the
city was discussed at the meeting.
Several of the important features were
taken up. 1t was the decision of the
exchange that a new ordinance should
be made and considerable progress was
made toward getting such an ordinance
IN shape. 1t is expected that it will
be presented to the city council at
n hrst regular meeting in aJnuary.
The annual election of officers was
held, following which refreshments
We're served and a social time indulg-
cd in. The officers for the coming
year r as follows:
President-Peter Standahl.
First Vice President-John E. Tur-
ner.
Second Vice Presidcnt-K. H. John
son.
Trcasurcr-C.. N. Barncs.
Secretary-C. w. Graves.
Sergeant-at-Arms-C. j. Hurd.
The delegates named to represent
the exchange at the annual state
meeting i'll Minot are James Dinnie,
Peter Standahl. John Turner. VIM.
Spriggs. c. J. Hurd, G. l.. Ward, IL.
II. johnson and Geo. w. buckingham.
The new directors elected last cven-
ing are Messrs. Berge. Hofto and Lin
foot, and these, together with Messrs.
p. Brasetl,, p. Standahl, q. w. Buck
ingham. w. Spriggs. G. j. Hurd and
b. Q. Paulsness, comprise the direct
ing board.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21

sion on its W initiative. In addi-
ton there were instituted 43 proceed
inSs of Investigations and suspensions
of tariffs containing proposed IN
%creascs and rates: 4.3.3 informal
complaints: a.G13 claims: and 5.123
applications for relief from the OPP
GRAFTON of the long-and-short-hau
provision.
At sessions of the commission held
in Washington and elsewhere a43
hearings were held at which more
than $4,000 pages of testimony We're
taken. In the l. months ended Nov.
80. 1911. 12l.S.9 tariff publications
We're filed. an average of more than
400 for each working day.
An elaborate discussion is present.
ed of the work of the division of in
curry showing hat since Dec. /. 1910.
i2 indictments for criminal violations
OF the act to regulate commerce were
returned. The aggregate of lines as
sessed was S:li...23. Many investiga-
tons We're made that disclosed prac-
tees not of sufficient gravity to war
ran prosecution but of such doubt
ful proprictH that the commission or
dercd their discontinuance. In this
connection the commission SAYS sig
niticantly:
lit became increasingly cviden.
that entire freedom from discriminate
non can be secured only by Il COM
Fletc separation of the business of
transportation from every form of
commercial or industrial enterprises"
Recommendations Made.
In conclusion the commission rec
ommendS that the law be amended to
as TO require telephone. telegraph and
cable companies I" publish. file. and
opst their interstate tariffs: to make
the Elkins act applicable 10 such
companies: that transportation COM
ranies he required to adopt Il system
of uniform classification of freight.
To provide additional safeguards in
railroad transportation for employees
and the public; to relieve the COM
mission of the jurisdiction of the
street railways OF the Distric, of CO.
lumhia: to provide for the regulation
and control of capitalization and suit
able provisions for the valuation of
railway property: and that Il suitable
building be provided for the use of
the commission.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
FOLK THREW AWAY CHANCE.

New York. Dec. 21.-A Kansas City,
Mo-, dispatch to the New York Her
aid says:
Viewed by some politicians at this
the presidential armament is Joseph
Wfngate Folk. 1t is hardly concciva-
BILE to some Democrats i'm this part of
Missouri that MIR. Folk seriously be-
lieves lie is a candidate.
1t is said MIR. Folk threw away his
chance to become Il real presidential
possibility when he passed up the sen
atorial toga now worn by James A.
Reed. Whatever led MIR. Folk to do
this is moro than some persons in
western Missouri raj understand
There were thousands n thousands
up to that time who believed him real
presidential timber.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
HID sIo.ooo IN HER BUsTLE.

Hodgon. Mills. Me-. Dec. 21.-Tcn
thousand dollars in currency. so fad
ed and old lat it will be sent to
Washington for redemption. has been
found in Il hustle thai was worn for
many Years by Mrs. Mary FaSsett, WIN
died suddenly at her home in this town
Il few days ago. None of the bills is of
IL more recent issue than 1856. Mrs.
~l'assett distrusted modern banking
methods II always wore the hustle
when away from home.
In a search of her house after her
death relatives found Il total of about
$1,000 hidden in Il hundred places.
One of the searchers picked up the
hustle II was about to throw it away,
when his attention was attracted by a
rustlins of paper. Her three heirs are
here and have engaged separate coun-
sci.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
WOOL REPORT
IS SUBMITTED
Tariff Board Finds that
Duty Under Schedule K
Is Prohibitory.

Washington, Dec. 19.--Thc tariff
board report on schedule X sent to
congress today by president Taft sug-
gests a general revision of the duties
on wool and wooden and many indi-
vidual reduction In the anne The
board makes no representations, but
points out what changes are desired.
In nearly all classes of the schedule,
the boards experts report the majority
OF the rates of duty prohibitory and
CONDEMNS the system Of levying them.
The report points the. way to the
great change in the present system
OF ievying duties upon raw wool and
finished cloth. 1t would assess the
duty on scrubbed wool-not wool and
suggests a graduated style of ad va
loren on cloth.
The report is divided into sections
with raw wool, yarn and cloth.
On raw wool the board finds the
present system of levying duty and
n cost of production in the United
States from that abroad The method
or leVying duty is condemned because
II charges for grease as we'll as for
wool operates to help out Of this
country the heavy shrinking Woolens,
Rates Prohibitory.
On tops. from which yarn is made
tne present rate OF duty Is found to be
prohibitory. 1t costs SO per cent more
IN the United States to convert tops
into yarn than it does anywhere else.
On yarn, from which cloth is wow
en-, the present rate of duty is found
to be prohibitory because it keeps out
all except the finer grades.
On cloth. the present rate of duty
is pronounced -prohibitive on heavy
cheap and medium grades cloths,
principally because Of the specific
compensatory duty which fixes a cer-
tain charge per pound before the ad
'Naiorem rate begins. 1t costs 100 per
cent more to make cloth from warn In
the United States than it does, in Eng
land or France. The present system
Of fixing the same ad valorcm rates
of duty on different grades of fabric
is condemned as unfair.
The board holds that a fair solu-
ton would he the adoption of a grad
uated scale under which the ad val
orem rate properly assessed on goods
Of low value should. tile increase
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
WILSON, LESS m FARoR.

New York, Dec. e1.-A dispatch
o Atlanta, Ca. to the New York
American says. in part:
The decline of the WOODROW. Wilson
presidential boom. In Georgia and the
surrounding states is most notable.
The New Jersey elections gave, the
arst black eye to the Wilson boom; the
Georgta voter after all explanations
LOOK the vote to mean a lack Of con.
idence In the Jersey executive al
home and a plain intimation that the
schoolmas t in politics could not car.
~ his own state in the national cam.
paign..
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
GOT DIVORCE

Paris, Dec. 21-Mme. Langevin. the
wife of the professor of general and
experimental physics in the college oi
France. was granted her petition for
separation from him by the court hero
today, on account of his alleged rcla.
tions with Nine. Curie. the famous
scientist and the d%iscovercr of radium,
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21
STORM COMING

Washington. Dec. 21-"High winds
In the, Mississippi valley, heavy snow.
In Nebraska and Minnesota and heavy
snow or rain in Iowa." The special
warning issued by the weather bureau
today. People in those states are adj
vised to prepare for the storm condi-
lions.
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21

mated by men of the on type. Our
early patriots We're of this type. Yet
it is IL type which is passing. The
humane type, is coming TO the fore
and is the type which will include
the finest Americans of the future"
The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1911-12-21

The ftp public lew of the interior of the amtnl home in New Yb Of Mice Emc x. -, -.
aNresI eM. wnsg rna fwh lays ago. The castle of nyhry.M hr hon in pk arn h@ e
Know is eMee whit tapestry wds % of Mumrnn nmwh n~mSsa dm arr Venue mas Msome
me fame tfhc riches Oft hMdw yelling had travelled far and within its vauso r-.. u u- .-
"cn suggest the NrdoH this life stay HE are many gs
Once fhe nt striking rooms 1.-The house in ifs dun-tou %Ao .
ne the Rency ""Hs Tue music or drawing room, whchs sin the
chhm M h " uas my mMn to-" the h"a are hung photographs of pictures by the great adopts of the uv
mm mMe MmS core and WMso part with thn-ale except her own full length likeness Me RmavO mn
" "Mh please h me IeI public sale will begin in January next