davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

may at critical times seriously re-
tard the growth of plants, while here
under irrigation moisture can be APP
piled at any time desired.
We do not claim for this system
that it is new practice Repeated
experiments have been made in 9th
or states, notably Wisconsin, on this
subject, and with excellent results.
We wish also to refer you to the
Channel Islands,. Guernsey and Jerse
The Island of Jersey is % miles long
and 4 to Z miles wide. 1t has pop
ulation of 81, 900 and has forty to fiji
ty thousand visitors annually The
average size of the farm is acres,
and there are now 10000 acres farm,
cd. On this amount of farming land
they are keeping approximately 12,500
head of Jerseys and $500 head Of
horses. This makes approximately
$4,000 head of live stock supported
from 10000 acres of land, or one and
one half head to every acre of farm
All the cattle are soiled the year
around except the cows for milk
which are tethered. These Jersey
farmers are the most scientific
farmers in the world; they make
enormous profits from their land,
and | believe this is due largely
to the soiling system
In speaking in somewhat specific
terms regarding these soiling crops.
I desire to make a plea particularly
for few of them: Rye is less
sensitive to cold than wheat and
its vegetation is more rapid. 1t
makes a vigorous growth early In
the spring. and by May 18th on an
average farm in the West, cutting
,an be under way would recon-
mend that the seeding be rather
heavy, at least l and one half to
me and three quarters bushels per
lcre Alfalfa. OF course. is the king
q all fomge crops. There is no
question as to its adaptability to our
western soils, II is almost per
ectly balanced food in itself. and S
S an ideal crop In the soiling sys- G
EN-. have found, however, that |
'hen it comes to a question of the c
cry best soiling rations for producing G
he greatest amount Of milk. there q
; no forage crops that excels peas v
nd oats sown together. Sow as ear Z
: in the spring. as the ground will g
ermit, and begin cutting just as I
Don as the oats begin to head out Il
nd the peas have we'll grown pods q
have had successful experience in G
,eding these at the rate of one and U
ne fourth bushels to the acre each, d,
-illing the oats one way and cross
Killing with the peas. The peas .,
iould be put in deeper than the
IT'S. There are some farmers in %
NJ Lake County who feel that peas a:
Id oats are more profitable as a ct
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

to thrive well under the climatic
conditions prevailing here.
l do not mean to infer that dairy
cattle are the only animals that can
be successfully put under the soiling
system. 1t is just as feasible to
soil horses or sheep as it is cattle.
l believe, too. that this system works
as well on cheap land as on high
priced ladns. The system is an ex-
cellent application of the idea of
"a small farm well titled, ETC." It
is my firm conviction that nowhere
in the world will a soiling system
work to better advantage than right
here in the irrigated valleys of the
West.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

For Sale-Choice White Wyandotte
eockerels. c. A. Berding, Payette,
Idaho
The Payette Cold Storage pay cash
for turkeys, geese, ducks and chick
ems for Thanksgiving, Christmas
and New Years.
For Sale-Choice Barred Rock
cockerels. George Rezac, Payette.
idaho.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

For tbs above oceasion the o. s. L.
VIII sell Round Trip ticketa Payetie
70 Boise al 1886. Tickets sold Jan.
End 70 5tb. Final return limit Of
January sth. 1912.
a. r. JOHNSON. Agent.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

JOINT TEAcHERs' INSTITUTE
lUEifo STATE TEACHERS ASSN.
STATE CONVENTION COUNTY
coMMIsS TONER'S.
Boise, inaho. Jan to 5, 1912.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28
TIME OF SEEDING.

In the East long experience has
shown that the fall is the best time
for seeding. Repeated experiments
here. however have demonstrated
that on irrigated land we secure best
results by spring seeding. II the
land Is prepared the previous fall
the seed can be sown very early in
the spring, and the plants will be-
come well established before the
hot dry weather begins Il should
be remembered that one can hardly
SOW grass seed too early In the
spring
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28

scarcely able 70 place limit on the
number OF live stock they are able
to maintain. and amount Of live stock
products they arc able 20 produce.
Our irrigated lands are particularly
adapted TO grass or forage crop pro
drction, because OF the abundance Of
those plant foods necessary for their
growth, particularly lime. potash and
phosphates. and because OF the as
surance Of supplying moisture just
at the time needed. II Is encouraging
70 the Western farmer 70 realize
that with the adoption OF proper
system OF cropping. one acre here can
be made 10 do the work OF three
or four acres in the Middle West. or
even fifteen or twenty acres in the
Southwest have seen three cows
pasture on a single acre Of upland
pasture IN Utah from May until No
ysinbcr. and IN the East have OBJ
served that II il necessary 10 have
from three 70 four acres 10 pasture
one COW COR the same length OF time
Our pastures need never become dry
or parched. but under a proper sys-
TEN can be kept constantly green
aud succulent.
LAND FOR THE PASTURE.
II IL a mistaken notion 10 suppose
that the poorest part OF the farm
should be given over to pastures.
often times the rocky hill side is use
FOR this purpose. and we too fire.
quently fan 70 take into account the
fact that the pasture can be made |
the most important part OF the farm.
For this reason the best and most |
convnelent part OF the farm win in
a good farm practice. be selected for
this purpose. The land should be |
we'll drained. II not. we must see |
that Il Is tiled. or open bitches pro
yided 80 that stagnant water may |
DO drawn away. We should apprecl- |
ate the fact that In preparing the |
land for the pasture grasses we are
II for number OF years.
Il Is important, therefore, that con
siderable attention be paid to proper
levellng so that there may be no
In the way OF irrigation.
Then. too. the land should be pre-
pared sometime before we expct to
40 the seeding. The soil must set
he together 80 that the proper func-
ions OF the soil can be carried on.
The seed bed must be extremely fine.
When one examines the sed of any
II our grasses or clovers. It must
DO readily understood that there
8 very little nourIshment stored
away. and the young and tender plant
must soon begin TO draw upon the
Ioil for It's nourishment
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28
FORAGE CROPS FOR
WESTERN FARMERS

By L. A. Merrill. Director Extension
Division Utah Agricultural College.
Oregon short Line Railroad De.
eembsr. 1911 Demonstration Train.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1911-12-28
THE MIXTURE 70 SELECT.

Many OF the grass mixtures given
out BY tho seed houses are silly con.
Igiomerations. some OF which are
made up In a few good varieties
and then peer ones thrown In simp-
" to throw chaff into the eye of the
Icustomer However, there are many
advantages In mixtures rather than
single seed. Some grasses start ear
" tn the spring, while others do not
begin until late IN the summer and
thoro are scarcely two grasses that
have tho same time OF growth BY
combining them we have. therefore.
constant succession Of fresh sue.
culoOt grasses, The eyil In q mix
turc Is that sometimes there is in
q grass OF inferior quality. and
that one win be neglected and the
others grazed. SO that after time
the inferior grass is left in the as.
eendaney
! have tested number OF differ
ont mixtures ON various soils and
have found the following mixture
of Erasses an excellent one for the
inter mountain sections
Kentucky blue Grass sown at the
rate Of lbs per acre.
Perennial Rye Grass sown at the
rate Of lbs per acre.
Meadow Fescue sown at the rate
OF lbs per acre.
Red Glover sown at the rate OF
lbs per acre
Red Top sown at the rate Of 6
lbs. per acre.
Orchard Grass sown at the rate
81 lbs per acre. n
White Glover sown at the rate or
2 lbs per acre.
Alfalfa sown az The rate OF 2 lbs.
per acre
phis mixture Is adapted to well
drained soils. and has been tested by
4 great many farmers in these sec
.ious with excellent results. For
ight sandy soils the following mix,
ur0 Is recommended.
Kentucky Blue Grass sown at the
ate OF lbs. per acre.
Meadow Rescue sown at the rate
{ lbs. per acre.
Tan Meadow oats sown at the rate
{ lbs. per acre.
Bronze Grass sown at the rate Of
lbs per acre.
White Glover sown at the rate OF
lbs per acre.
Where lands arc low and moist I
ld whore drainage is not possible Z
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

his work. And although he might not
have admitted it were he charged with
1t, l knew he was afflicted with a dis
order of the digestive apparatus that
always accompanies vegetarianism. He
was, in fine, the victim of a prejudice
that left him unequal to the work he
was compelled to do, and which he was
doing at the expense Of his health,
happiness and success In the world in
which he moved.
Upon what grounds does the prac.
tice Of vegetarianism rest it's claims ?
The answer is, on no grounds what.
soever, unless 1t be those Of the man
who has an idea" that If he looks
over his left shoulder at the moon, or
sees black cat on the thirteenth day
of the month, he Is dead sure to have
bad luck.
And yet it Is only when 1t is ridden
to death as hobby that vegetarianism
can be charged with inanity. When it
Is practiced occasionally and for linn
tied time, and at irregular intervals, it
becomes the useful servant of scien-
tific intelligence There is "soul of
truth" In vegetarianism, as there also
may be, so far as you or / know to
the contrary. in the belief that If you
see black tabby on Friday the thir-
teenth, you will lose regularly at
poker for some considerable tirne
thereafter. This soul Of truth takes us
backward a bit in the natural history
of man.
The primitive ancestors of Euro
pean races, like the savage races of
the present time, were naturally fitted
for, and therefore needed" certain
amount of irregularity in their feed
ing. Sometimes game would be plenty,
and sometimes it would be scarce.
When it was scarce, or not to be had
at all, those primitive ancestors of
ours were necessarily limited to a
starvation diet They were very hungry.
and their hunger made them keen on
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

as far as Basel, just across the Swiss
frontier, and small sea-going steam
ers ascend it as far as Mannheim. This
mighty river has been improved by
the Germans at cost of more than
s12,500 900, and it's waters bear an i'm
mense traffic in coal, iron ore, iron
and steel manufactures and other
heavy freight. The Rhine valley,
dotted with picturesque ruined castles
and saturated with legend and ro-
nance. is also one of the busiest dis
tricts in all Europe, for 1t is densely
populated and contains numerous i'm
portant industrial cities. Canals con-
meet the Rhine with the Mouse, Saone,
Seine, Danube and Ems rivers. The
Rhine-Rhone canal follows the course
of the river from Strassburg almost
to Basel. and is generally used instead
of the river.
The Elbe is second only to the
Rhine in commercial Importance. It
is navigable throughout its whole
course in Germany and along it lie
some of the chief silver and coal
mines. salt fields, sheep pastures and
beet-root areas In the empire. More
over. 1t links Berlin, the capital, with
Hamburg, the chief port, by the canals
of the Havel and Spree river systems.
The Weser, the Oder, the Vistula
and other rivers are Of great impor-
lance as commercial highways, and
go to make up Germany's grand total
Of nearly 5000 miles Of navigable riv-
ers, of which about 1.400 miles are
canalized.
Germany's canals are many, their
total mileage being something like
1,500, and large sums are spent on
their improvement. The most import
ant internationally is the great North
Sea and Baltic ship canal, which ira
verses Schleswig- Holstein, saving two
days time by steamer between Ham
burg and all the Baltic ports of Ger
many. This canal was begun in 1887
and was opened to traffic in 1895, and
is a source Of much pride to Emperor
William The Ludwigs canal in Bava-
ria united the Danube with the Main,
thus supplying continuous water
way from the North sea to the Black
sea. The Plauen canal connects the
Elbe with the Havel, and there are
systems connecting the Oder with the
Elbe and the Memel with the Pregel.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

the hunt, active, bright-eyed, alert, Wig
orous and pushing. Then, with a
successful kill, there would naturally
be little gorging of meat, followed
by long and lazy rest.
Now, while we, their descendants,
are not quite as savage or quite as I'M
provident as were our primitive fore
fathers of the jungle or the prairies,
and while it is true that we are not
distressed with alternate scarcity and
redundancies of food, we inherit the
stomachs and the general digestive ma
chinery of those active old fathers OF
ours, and a reasonable degree of alter
nate gorging and starving is good for
us. Unfortunately, however, most OF
us have to attend to business year in
and year out, and we cannot lie idle
around the woods digesting off our
gorges, whereas fasting is not to be
thought of by persons who work at
occupations very different from hunt
Ing.
But we can do this: We can cut
down, or cut out, our meat diet at IT.
regular and fairly frequent intervals;
go without meat altogether for q week
or so; be vegetarians, not regularly,
but quite irregularly for short lengths
of time. And then when we give
meat it's inning, we will be better pre-
pared to appreciate it, and to extract
from It the health and happiness we
need.
The vegetarian is therefore here
with supplied with scientific princi.
pie" as sound and as negotiable as a
golden eagle. But If he adopts it he
will have to cut himself in two.
copyright, 1911, by the Columbia Press
Syndicate.)
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

age are small so that rates are very
reasonable and the total of heavy traf-
f1c is large.
Through close and effective study
of economical transportation, Belgium
has built up an excellent system Of
canals and canalized rivers, 20 In num-
Der. These are used partly for trans
portation and partly for irrigation.
Both the Mouse and the Scheldt are
navigable throughout their entire
length in Belgium, and many of their
tributaries have been canalized. In adj
dition to these natural advantages,
there are canal systems that unite
Brussels and Louvain with the Rupel,
Brussels with Charleroi and Mons
with Condo. Then, too, there are two
fine ship canls which by uniting Client
and Bruges with the sea coast have
restored to those cities much of their
old time commercial Importance.
Mention of Holland instantly Gre
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

ates a mind picture of canals, and In
deed that little land of dykes and
bitches is completely cut up into
small islands by It's extensive system
of waterways. They cross and inter-
lace one another like the threads of
some large fishing net. The North
Holland canal was considered, until
recently, to be the finest of the kind in
Europe. The southern part of the
country Is especially favored by ma
ture, for the Rhine, entering Holland,
divides up into numerous arms, the
chief of which are the WAL, the LEX
and the Yssel. The Mouse joins the
WAL, thus mjngling its waters with
those of the Rhine, and all of these
rivers carry an immense traffic. Four
fifths of the river trade of Holland Is
carried on the Rhine and the WAL
The Scheldt has its estuary mainly
In Holland and carries ocean vessels
to Antwerp.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11
DAME NATURE HINTS
When the Food Is Not Suited.

When Nature gives her signal that
something is wrong it is generally
with the food the old Dame is always
faithful and one should act at once.
To put off the change is to risk that
which may be irreparable. An Arr!
IONA man says:
'For years / could not safely eat
any breakfast. I tried all kinds or
breakfast foods, but they were all
soft, starchy messes, which gave me
distressing headaches. / drank strong
coffee, too, which appeared to benefit
me at the time, but added to the head
aches afterwards. Toast and coffee
were no better, for l found the toast
very constipating.
"a friend persuaded me to quit cof-
fee and the starchy breakfast foods,
and use Postum and Grape-Nuts in
stead. | shall never regret taking his
advice
THE change they have worked IN
me is wonderful. now have no more
of the distressing sensations in my
stomach after eating, and never have
any headaches. I have gained IL
pounds in weight and feel better IN
every way. Grape-Nuts make de-
licious as we'll as nutritious DISH
and l find that Postum is easily di-
gested and never produces dyspepsia
symptoms"
Name given by Postum Co., Battle
Creek, Mich.
Get the little book, "The Road to
MELVILLE" In pkgs. There's a
Reason"
Ever read the above letterf A new
one nDuears from time to time. They
are genuine, true, and full OF human
interest.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

I'm sorry for him. l once knew
young man who was trying to do the
very hardest kind of work-the mixed
kind, which is physical and mental,
too-on a diet that healthy rabbit
would hesitate about adopting unless
guaranteed that the quantity would be
absolutely unlimited. This young man
would make breakfast of a bit OF
bread, small plate of boiled rice, and
glass of water; he would luncheon
on small quantity IF butter-beans,
or some other equally insubstantial
airy nothing, and then he would top off
the day with a piece of cake and
cup of tea-always weak tea, too.
Occasionally he would go on what
might be called a veritable feed
ing bat" and would wildly
dissipate on two bananas for
breakfast, boiled rice with green corn
and an apple for luncheon, and
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11
How Vegetarianism Hurts Us
BY M. A. LANE, sc. b.
rmer Research Fellow Physiology, University Of Ilnois)

'1entil outlet" with two bananas for
dinner! And after this desperate
plunge into the flesh pots of Egypt
he would always feel as guilty as If
he had just robbed a safe and could
hear the police coming to take him in.
You couldn't persuade that young
man that he was slowly but certainly
killing himself. Had you stood him up
before all the psychologists of the
world, to be assured by them not only
on their reputation as men of science,
but on their decency and honor as
men, that that sort of diet was never
intended" by any scheme of nature or
any deity imaginable, for the human
machinery Of digestion, he would prob
ably have come out of the seance with
vague idea that somehow or other
they were just trying to fool him for
some hidden and vicious purpose Of
their own.
1t would be a good thing if all men
and all women were early in their
youth put through course of study
I mean actual study, from the thing
and not from the book, which is worse
than useless, not even being useless
-on the vast differences between the
digestive apparatus of the plant-eat-
ing animal and that of the meat-eating,
or omnivorous, animal, such as man.
The young vegetarian mentioned
above was very brave; as brave as
anybody could be in such circum-
stances and on such a diet, but he
would often look with longing eyes on
the steaks and chops his companions
consumed at table, while he himself
was sturdily Furnishing himself with
rice and other wholly unsavory dishes.
Also he was rather dim of eye and
not specially active on his feet or at
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11
AN ESTABLISHED FACTORY

Producing standard goods used by stores,
banks, farmers and practically everybody,
Is sending it's special representative to
open distributing office for this district
and other unoccupied territory and desires
in cash, carrying stock for Immediately
filling orders; we allow 800 to 5000 month
ly compensation, extra commissions, of
fee and other expenses, per contract, ac-
cording to size of district allotted and
stock carried; permanent arrangements;
references required. If you can fill re-
quirements write promptly. Liberty"
Manufacturing Association, $50 West HUI
ron ST., Chicago.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11
Johnson and the Smart Children.

Full of indignation against such par
ents as delight to produce their young
ones early into the talking world, Sam
uel Johnson gave a good deal of pain,
by refusing to hear the verses the chill
dren could recite, or the songs they
could sing. One friend told him that
his two sons should repeat Gray's
Elegy to him alternately, that he
might judge who had the happiest ca
dence.
mo, pray, sir" said he, let the
dears both speak at once"
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11

Owing to the level condition OF the
country, the construction of canal
in Holland involves but comparatively
little labor and expense. Many of the
canals are used constantly as substi-
tutes for public highways, and In the
winter their frozen surfaces offer con-
venient roads for the skaters who
throng them on their way to and from
market and about their various occu-
pations. So complete is the canal
system that by means of it a resident
of Rotterdam could breakfast at Delft
or The Hague, dine at Leyden and
sup at Amsterdam, or return to his
home before nightfall. Since not only
the surface but the beds of many OF
land, the drainage is of the greatest
Importance. This is effected by means
of pumps worked by the windmills
that are such a characteristic feature
of the Dutch landscape. The banks OF
the canals are maintained by the fam
lilies that live along tkem, each being
assigned a portion to keep in repair.
Emory r. Johnson, professor OF
transportation and commerce In the
University of Pennsylvania, who re-
Gently made study of European wa
terways, as the special representative
of the National River and Harhor con-
gress, calls attention to the way In
which Germany, France, Holland and
Belgium have co-operated in estab-
fishing standard dimensions for their
canals and barges, and connecting
their systems. In this manner the
through shipment of international
traffic has been facilitated. Another
feature of the waterway policy Of
these European countries" he says,
"is that care is taken to provide wa
terways with adequate terminal and
harbor facilities, and to make such
physical connections between rail-
roads and waterways at all inland
harbors as to guarantee the easy and
economical transfer of traffic from
cars to boats and water to rails. 1t Is
realized that terminal facilities and
rail connections are as essential part
of the projects for making waterways
useful as are reliable channels of ade-
quate width and depth. The Rhine
river, for instance, has 62 harbors
equipped as fully as commercial needs
require, with storage and transfer IA
cilities. At 43 of these terminals tia
direct transfer of goods from trains
to boats and river to rail is possible.
Many of the harbors include large
basins, some of which are used for
the transfer and storage of commodi-
ties, while others are constructed TO
enable big Industrial plants to locate
on water frontage. Each city con-
structs is own harbor with but little,
If any, aid from the state, the expense
being borne by the city. aided in some
instances by private interests"
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1911-05-11
OF COURSE.

The Magistrate-You say you didn't
know the pistol was loaded, yet the
dealer who sold it to you says you did
not pay for it.
Prisoner-What's that got to do with
it?
The Magistrate-Well If you didn't
pay for it, then the dealer must have
charged it for you.