davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
FIRE BLIGHT
By C.. II. COONS
Research Assistant in Plant Pathology
Michigan Agricultural College

Judging from the inquiries and
specimens sent to the department of
botany this past summer. no disease
of apple or pear is more common than
fire blight. Every pear or apple or
chard visited showed cankers caused
by this disease. 1t Is too often the
case that fruit growers do not recog-
nize symptoms of this disease and 1t
is notorious that many make no at
tempt to combat it,
The Signs.
The first thing necessary in fighting
this disease Is to know it's symptoms
or signs.
Fire blight on either apple or pear
usually starts in the blossoms, 1t
can also start in growing twigs-wa-
ter shoots ("suckers") especially, and
1t has been shown that the fruit bark
borer is very active in spreading the
blight. Once inside the twig, the ad-
vance of the disease is rapid. The
twig is killed, the bark becomes wa
ter-soaked and finally black. The
leaves, dead and curled, cling to the
tips. In the apple, this twig blight
is the most common form, but in the
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

sometimes extending down the limb
several feet. The great majority of
these cankers, In the end, completely
girdle the limb. This limb may be
one of the largest on the tree and at
once the bearing power of the tree
is cut in two.
From the larger limbs and from
the water shoots (''suckers") the
blight cankers on the trunk may start
body blight frequently kills the whole
tree.
The Cause.
Fire blight is caused by bacteria.
1t is therefore a disease comparable
to tuberculosis, the one being a dis
ease of plants and the other a disease
OF animals, but each caused by a def
mite organism or germ, belonging to
the group called bacteria.
The bacteria which cause fire blight
lives over in many Of the old cank-
ers. In the spring, from these old
cankers, the germs ooze out in gum
my. sticky drops and each drop con-
talns millions OF the organisms. Bees
and other insects visit these drops and
thus carry the germs to the flowers.
In the nectar of the flowers the germs
multiply enormously and bees passing
from flower to flower, dipping into the
nectar, spread the germs throughout
the trees in the orchard.
The Cure.
Success in controlling fire blight de-
ponds on three things. First, recog.
milton of the symptoms of the dis
ease; second, constant vigilance:
third, frequent inspection Of the apple
and pear orchard. The work neces
sary can be done most quickly and
profitably with the tools and solutions
shown in the cut. The plan is as fol.
lows: With carpenters gouge,
clean out all cankered spots on limbs
and trunk, cutting out the diseased
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

--aqueducts and bined
Twenty feet high, 25 feet wide at the
base and 10 feet at the top, with
huge towers from 81 to SO feet high
rising at intervals of 100 yards for
the accommodation of armed men, II
is carried over a broken country a
distance of 1859 miles. And this
great work-the most supendous line
Of defense ever erected by man-was
built more than 200 years before
Christ, while the shadow of ancient
Rome lay over the world.
The Chinese race has had its win.
ter and now 1t seems that this won
derful people have again reached
spring in the cycle of the centuries.
The shackles Of a benumbing con-
servatism are being broken and the
leaders of the race while reverent OF
the past are looking toward the flu
ture-toward light and power aad
progress.
The revolutionary movement today
Is more than anti-dynastic. It means
more than the expulsion of the Man
chus, who have lorded 1t over the
Chinese since they were called in to
aid in the suppression of rebellion
in 1643 and finding the country so
good and so favorable concluded to
remain. Corrupt as may have been
many OF the Manchu rulers, they
cannot justly be charged with all the
miseries which have afflicted China
during the period Of their ascendancy.
These evils, while undoubtedly aug.
mented by Manchu rule, may be
traced to the system under which the
spirit of Chinese progress has been
throttled-a system which was found.
ed by her sages and which during
thousands of years has become crys
talizcd in her national character.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
SELF-CLEANING
CISTERN
By r. J. BALDWIN
Michigan Agricultural College

Cleaning the cistern has always
been a disagreeable task. Much
trouble can be avoided by building of
brick and cement with a tight ever
over the jug-shaped top This will
keep out all dirt such as leaves, frogs,
mosquito larvae, sticks. etc., but still
there will be a sediment of soot dead
insects and other things collect in the
bottom. If the cistern is built as
shown in the diagram the overflow
water will carry away all filth from
the bottom and the cistern will be
kept clean without the attention of
anyone. AS the water raises above
the middle Of the bottom, thus carry.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
ECZEMA DISFIGURED BABY

Our little boy Gilbert was troubled
with eczema when but few weeks
old. His little face was covered with
sores even to back of his ears. The
poor little fellow suffered very much.
The sores began as pimples, his little
face was disfgured very much. We
hardly knew what he looked like. The
face looked like raw meat. We tied
little bags of cloth over his hands to
prevent him from scratching. He was
very restless at night, his little face
itched.
I'VE consulted two doctors at Chi
cago, where we resided at that time
After trying all the medicine of the
two doctors without any result, we
read of the Cuticura Remedies, and
at once bought Cuticura Soap and
Ointment. Following the directions
carefully and promptly we saw the
result, and after four weeks, the dear
child's face was as fine and clean as
any little baby's face. Every one who
saw Gilbert after using the Cuticura
Remedies was surprised. He has q
head of hair which is pride for any
boy Of his age, three years. We can
only recommend the Cuticura RENE
dies to everybody" (SignedD Mrs. H.
Albrecht, Box $50, West Point, Neb.,
Oct. 26, 1910. Although Cuticura Soap
and Ointment are sold by druggists
and dealers everywhere, a sample of
each, with 32-page book, will be mailed
free on application to "Cuticura,"
Dept. IA L, Boston.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
PIGEON RAISING.

One of the most successful pigeon
raisers we know feeds his birds moth
ing but whole corn.
French pigeon fanciers feed millet
with slight mixture Of hemp seed,
and also very small peas soaked in
water The feeding is done by hand
in many cases.
Although flying about and apparent.
ly of mature age, birds may be dis
tinguished as squads by the suuealing
noise they make, which is always the
call Of the squad.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
svs.s.,,r.e,,..v,,.n sH>s,sxsxsassasegs
Limb Cankers.

tissue and exposing the healthy wood.
Disinfect the cut surface with cor.
rosive sublimate, one tablet to q pint
of water. Carry this solution in q pail
and soak sponge with 1t and swab
the wound out. This wounded sur.
face should be painted over with a
good lead paint or tar. II will then
heal in the course of a few years. Do
this in the fall or winter. In the
spring, when the blossoms begin to
fall, inspect the orchard frequently
Clip out all cases OF twig blight
sponge attached to the primer should
be wet with the disinfectant and the
twig which is cut off should be touch
ed with the wet sponge. Break off
all water sprouts from the roots and
trunk, thus getting rid of the chief
source of limb and trunk cankers.
A twig with black leaves clinging
to II should be banner of the enemy,
Inviting attack.
Each canker on the tree Is men.
ace to the rest of the tree.
The control of fire blight is a bust
ness proposition. Each large limb of
the tree will bear a certain amount
of fruit-a bushel, two bushels-not
for one year alone but for many
years. To save limb will take ten
or fifteen minutes time-twenty to
Fifty bushels of pears for ten minutes
work is good pay.
The department of botany will ex-
anime specimens of diseased plants
free of charge, and give such advice
as Is necessary for the control of
these diseases. Address the Depart
ment of Botany, East Lansing, Mich.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
DiskinQ Alfalfa Fields.

After alfalfa fields are year old
and If weeds or grasses have come in,
they might be narrowed with q spring.
tooth harrow after cutting, and
smoothed down with a spike.tooth
drag. After the plants become older
and tough the field might be gone
over in early spring with the disk har-
row, taking care not to set it at too
great an angle. and then this should
be followed by the spike-tooth drag.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

ing away the stale water and sediment
which have accumulated below.
The intake should be made of heavy
galvanized iron pipe and should be
we'll cemented around where it enters
the cistern The drain should be of
heavy eaves-trough piping and should
lake the water from the lowest point
IN the bottom. The extra expense Of
such a device is small and when once
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
What Happened.

did he have any assistance in
writing that successful play?'
Assistance? Why, man, the stage
carpenter and the head usher re-
wrote it for him."
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

A man has reached the age OF dis
erection when he is willing to admit
that other men may have opinions
different from his without being fools.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

DR.. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets regulate
and invigorate stomach, liver and bowels.
Sugar-coated, tiny granules, easy to take
Do not grippe.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

Tghtness across the chest means a cold
on the lungs. That's the danger signal.
Cure that cold with Hamlins Wizard Oil
before it runs into Consumption or Pneu-
mOnia
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

installed the force of gravity carries
the dirt up the drain pipe and relieves
us of that disagreeable job every sea-
son.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
Excitement.

Whats that racket out there?"
That's Fido. He's chased your
fuzzy hat up the hall tree"
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

A girl can get more by pouting dur
ing courtship than she can by shout
ing after marriage.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

Mrs. Wfnslow's Soothing Syrup for Children
teething, softens the gums, reduces infamma
ton, allays pain, cures wind collie, 25c a bottle
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
Both Sides.

She-Just look at the trouble
money can get you into.
He-Yes, but look at the trouble 1t
can get you out of.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
Good.

The Father-But what special quail
fications has your school that might
interest my son?
The Principal-Just tell him that we
overlook the Hudson and non-at-
tendance at classes.-Puck.
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21

The easiest thing we do is to con-
vince ourselves that we are over
worked-but the family is skeptical!
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
important TO Mother,

Important to Mothers
Examine carefully every bottle of
CASTORIA, a safe and sure remedy for
infants and children, and see that it
The Yale expositor., 1911-12-21
eIaSERD 0Z7E GHzN1sW REVlZIZ7l1Y

2 HE history of the human race
affords no more interesting
study than that of the huge
Chinese empire, which after
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
The States Crops Outlook Is uood.

The crop report issued by Com
missioner VIC. Gilbreath summarizes
the general conditions. Since the
report was issued a heavy rain has
fallen in the extreme southwestern
part of the state. and there are now
few spots in the state that have not
received ample moisture up to the
present time: The report says:
Rarely before in the history
of the state of North Dakota
have such favorable conditions exist
ed at the commencement of crop
season as at the present. The con-
|dition of the ground at seeding time
may be considered as perfect, and
over by far the greater part of the
territory timely rains and congenial
weather conditions have still further
added to the prosperous outlook.
Only in the southwestern part of the
state has moisture been lacking, and
here rain must soon occur in order
to secure an average yield Else
where an abundance of moisture
has fallen to keep the growing crops
in the best condition. while in Trail
county too much rain has fallen on
the lowlands. in some instances
drowning out the crops. A signifi-
cant feature of the present season is
the tremendous increase reported in
corn acreage. Noticeable also is the
general tendency toward diversified
farming and the cultivation of tame
forage.crops. The high price for
fax. while in some instances mill
tating against its being sown on ac-
count Of the high prime cost, has
generally induced a liberal seeding of
this cereal.a indications point to a
greater acreage than in former
years. The favorable breaking sea-
son and large numbers of steam and
gasoline breaking outfits in the state
have also contributed to this result.
The wild-hay crop seems already as
sured and. considered as whole. the
general outlook for 1911 is about as
rosy as it we'll could be.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15

Frank Bryant recently started his
paper. the Napoleon Homestead.
into its twenty-sixth year. and gave a
very interesting write-up of the pa
per. and. necessarily. of the early
days. He prints very good pictures
Of himself and his dad-probably
giving his own as a foil to the
handsome phiz of the elder mot in
sectarian sense) Bryant. To have
made the write-up and series of illu-
strations complete. Frank should
have had. accompanying the picture
Of the good-looking, dignified elder
" gentleman. a photo-engraving Of
him when. in years agone, he sat by
the grade of the 500, and waited,
and waited. and waited" Nonsense
aside. the Bryants father and SON
are Of the salt of the earth. They
have put in many a long year in Lo-
gan county-years. some Of them,
that did not seem to foretell the
prosperity of this part Of the world,
and both richly deserve the better
conditions that finally prevailed.
The Homestead is good paper.
And why shouldn't it be with
Frank. himself. a fine newspaper
man; Bert McElroy. one of the best
print-shop mechanics in the state,
and John Haley-who wrote for the
papers when he wore "didies'
running the local columns and do
ing general-utility writing? Long
may Bonapartesburg and its Home
stead flourish, and may the days Of
the bunch that make the paper be
long and "unthirsty' in the land.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15

Some time ago we threatened to
reprint the write-up in the North
Dakota Magazine of the legislative
delegation from this-the 26th :
senatorial district. This week we
carry out the threat. Some may
wonder how it was possible to take
the three photos without fracturing
the machine; but this is explained
by the statement that the "picters"
were taken at divers times and
places, and therefore no camera was
risked more than once. In the pic
lures the entire delegation wear
fierce mustaches-the senator's be-
ing the fiercest 1t is we'll to state,
however. that Representative Tuttle.
seeing that he was outclassed as to
upper lip whiskers, had his'n shaved
off previous to the session, which
shaving made him appear more
"childlike and bland" than ever. A
view of the picture gallery may
prove that that well. any way it
may prove-that constituencies are
sometimes very careless in the mat
ter of looks or otherwise. How
ever. the three counterfeit present
ments are not given as constituting
beauty show.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
IN IMPORTANT EVENT.
A Mammoth Industrial Exposition
To Be Held at the State Capital
In September and October

From the 26th of September until
the 18th of October. 1911. Bismarck.
the Capital City of the state, will
throw open her doors and keep open
house during twenty days. extending
the glad hand and royal welcome
to all the world and his neighbor.
The occasion will be the first great
industrial exposition and show ever
held IN the state, the location of
which at Bismarck has just been
announced by Commissioner of Agri-
culture w. C. Gilbreath, and it goes
without saying that the Capital City
will do herself proud in making the
affair an epoch-marking event in the
history Of North Dakota. The
dominating idea of the exposition
will be North Dakota: Her Agri
cultural. Industrial, Educational and
Artistic Development. These phases
of the states present attainment in
progress and civilization will be pre-
sented by means Of attractive dis
plays Of our agricultural and manu-
featured products. supplemented by
practical talks on the subjects from
men and women Of nationl reputa-
ton. Other orators and publicists
will talk illuminatingly on educa-
tional and social subjects, the whole
constituting an interesting and in
structive presentation of North Da-
kota as she is to-day. and as she
wishes to be considered by the world
at large. Twenty-Five different de-
partments will cover all this
ground thoroughly. Amusements
and entertainments of various kinds
will be provided to fill in the time
not taken up by the main objects of
the exposition. and there will be no
lack of vaudeville. moving pictures
and other attractions. For twenty
days Bismarck will surely be NOV
ing. and the management guaran-
tees that something either of an in
structive or entertaining character
will occupy every waking moment.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15

Regarding the threatened vista
ton Of the "seventeen-year locusts"
to the northwest this year or in the
near future. Prof. Wasburn, the state
bug-hunter of Minnesota, says:
The locust willinvade the southern
Mississippi valley this year. and will
visit as far north as Wisconsin in
1913, but will not reach Minnesota
and other parts of the New North
west. They really are not locusts at
all, but 'cicada, smaller insect.
They take seventeen years to grow
from the egg to maturity, when
they roam the earth. to the disgust
of the farmer and gardener, living
only one season. but long enough to
propagate their species" A recent
dispatch from Washington says that
seventeen-year locusts are due to
ravage vegetation in the eastern
states this summer. The vanguard
of the invaders has appeared in
Alexandria county, Virginia, and
the prediction is made that within
a week or so the pests will be COM
mon
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
GAYT0N GOSSIP.

Correspondence ~ the Record diane II
Mr.. and Mrs. j. j. Loney were at
Linton Thursday.
Mr. and Mrs. S. G. Nickel we're
at Hazelton Monday.
The Peterson family visited at the
Sargent home Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Milford Noyes were
visitors at Suverly's yesterday
Near Myers and Nels Nelson
were in the Clayton vicinity yester-
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. S. G. Nickel and
daughter Gladys visited the Clark
home Sunday
Mrs. George Suverly took Mrs.
Margaret Kern to her home at Glen
coe. Thursday
A. F. Downer, John Watkinson
and Fred Chapman went to Linton
last Wednesday after horse-feed.
Wesley Baker, Jr.. and Emmett
Perry have finished breaking for
Wesley Baker, ST.. and Joe Baker,
OF llvOna.
The Fishing Bunch caught a
twenty pound catfish the other day 1;
but, just as they got it to the top of
the water. it Topped its wings and
frightened the colts SO that they left
rapidly for their happy home. The
Bunch dropped the fish and sprinted
after the team They succeeded in
running the horses in at the M. & H.
ranch. On returning to the Big
Muddy. imagine their disappoint-
ment when they found that the fish
had hied himself away to spread the
news to his finny brethren and els
tern that The Bunch were an outfit
of which they should beware. and
not go out after dark when they
were around. How did we know the
fish weighed twenty pounds? Sure
didn't it have scales on its back?
-Apocrypha.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15

Circular of North Dakota Agricul-
tural College: In churning, stop
when the granules of butter are as
large as wheat kernels. Churning
until it is all in one lump makes it
waxy or greasy. which is one quite
common fault with country butter.
Run off the buttermilk. wash with
cold water. and do not work it
much, as this also makes the butter
waxy. In the winter have the cream
at q temperature Of about SO degrees
in churning, and in the summer at
about SO degrees. as it is at these
temperatures that the globules of
butter stick together the best.
Hence the churning can be done
quicker.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15

William Jennings Bryan and Con-
gresham Underwood, leader Of the
democratic majority in the national
House, are at loggerheads over the
wool schedule in the new bill lower
ing the tariff on certain articles.
Underwood favors the bill. which
reduces the tariff ON wool to five
cents per pound. Bryan wants free
wool. This would kill the sheep in
dustry in the United States. But,
then, what's the difference9 Bryan
has no sheen.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
Summons.


0sS ~ =.
County OF Erlmons n.
In District Court, siNth Jldleia. i'istrici.
and q II davidson, Jr. defendants.
The state OF North Dakota to the above
named defendants;
You are hereby summoned to answer the
COMPLAINT In This action, which is filed with
the Clerk Of the District Court OF Emmons
county. North Dakota. IN his office ut Lin
ton. In said county and state, and TO serve !.
copy OF your answer upon the suoscslo ~ i.
SUMMONS upon you exclusive Of the day OF
service ai.1 in case OF your failure to ap-
pear or answer Judgment will be taken
against you by default for the relief demand
I'd In the complaint.
LYNN & COVENTRY
nnnlj-fy ~ Attorneys for Plaintiff
liostoifice and Office Address: Linton, North
Dakota
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
TELL TALES.

Correspondence of The Record ,lunnla.
The wedding bells will soon ring
in this neighborhood.
The Hylanders will play ball at
Omio on Friday the 10Th.
Church services in the Norwegian
language were held at Tell last Sun
day
Quite number of the people of
this neighborhood intend to take in
the picnic at Omio next Friday, the
18th.
F. l.. Urevig was doing little
blacksmith-work the other day when
the shop caught FIRE and burned
down.
Something was bidding" here
last Friday afternoon. Did it rain?
Yes. Did it blow? Yes. And then
some. 1t did considerable damage
to buildings; but it also did world
of good to the crops We like to
have the rain, but are not partial to
the zephyrs.
The Philomathean Society met at
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Sparks
Saturday evening. A pleasant time
was enjoyed by all. The Rev. Eric
Tou. of Napoleon. gave US a very in
teresting talk on the life of men in
Madagascar. The society will meet
at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Oscar
Nelson, July LIST.
A very interesting game of base
ball was played between the Hyland-
ers and the Braddocks. Sunday. at
Braddock. 1t was a regular merry
go round for Braddock. the score
standing p to 9 i'm favor of the lat
ter. Fatty" Miller did some very
clever pitching during the first three
innings, and if he had pitched the
whole game the score might have
been different Teller
Don't forget the moving pictures
at the opera-house Saturday night
They are good ones
Don't forget that you can have
your carpet-rags woven into strong.
neat-looking carpets by calling ON
George Brooks. the blind carpet
weaver. He has for sale % yards
OF good rag-carpet.
The Record has for sale the fol-
lowing-described legal blanks: Real
Estate Mortgage. Chattel- Mortgage.
Chattel- Mortgage Release. Farm
] Contract. Notes.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1911-06-15
TAKEN IIP-COIT.

Taken up by the undersigned. on
his premises. four miles south and
four miles west Of Hague. the fol-
lowing described animal:
A sorrel horse colt; one year old;
has white spot in forehead.
The owner can have the animal by
proving property and paying for his
keeping and for this notice.
&C. A. johnson,
(cjun8-2) Hague. N. d.