davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
WORK PROGRESSING
ON GREAT PROJECT
Superintendent Cawan Is
Home From Bishop Creek
Dam Activities.
NEW TOWN IS BOOMING
Hotel to Open Next Friday
and Bank Building Be
ing Constructed.
NEW TOWN IS BOOMING

Frank Il. Gawan. SupeTintendent NJ
construction for 2. J. Moran. contractor.
returned vssjerdav from Nevada. where
he II iu direct charge of the work on
the biz Bishop creek dam. fourteen miles
out OF Wells The daI.. -issrh Is rap
tdlv nearly completion. is a part of the
gigantic irrigation project now being ear
-iod out ia that section bv the fariIic
Reclamation COMPANY. which mas Gstdh-
lished the new toWnsitc of M"tFopniis as
the future center OF vast area "l !iCu
land that will bc placed under IRRIGATION
and made productive.
When tho project was first launched
the contract for tho construction nt the
dam was let IN r. !. Moran. and Mr
t;awan. who has cslabisncd an enVlaoi"
reputation for himself ~ the contracting
placed IN direct charge. As has been the
case with al work he has suu" "rlntend"d
in the past. Mr. Ga~an has devoted tuu
tir1e and energy to the new undertaking
win telling results. lie has dephrted
from the field or action only Ions enough
to spend Yuietide in tdc MIDST Of his
family hero at home.
Means Much to State.
The biz prpiec, conprehends tho re-
claiming OF thousands Of acres of land
around the townSite II Metropolis. four
teen miles north OF Wclls. By construct
ins the dam in Bishop Creek canyon.
three miles. from what is known as
Bishop creek water WlIi b" conserved
and distributed over thousands cf acres
by an extensive systeni Of fifty miles OF
canals The dam ls 10 BE- OF Garth en-
hankment with rock cor" wall and an
S-inch concrete face. When completed
~ WIN b. eiEhty-five feet above the pres
ent flow line OF the creek 500 feet long
and one Of the biggest of its kind in the
country. Its total cost Will arErcEat'
$50 600.
'We arc now working force Of 500
men and 100 teams daily on the dam"
said MIR GAwau last evening. In start
inc VIZ went foUty-five feet below the sur
fac for a cutoff base. 81 tho prcsent
time construction has progressed 10 a
point forty feet above rhe flnw-lnc of
the creek. The work viii have heen
completed and ready FOR use within sixty
five DAYS.
New Town Booming.
In the heart ot the area that will bo
reclaimed tho fownsit" OF Metropolis has
been laid ont and new modern hotel
of fifly rooms has already been com
day night With grand ball. Special
trains Will be run from Wells 10 Mctropo-
liz over tho recently constructed spur
line from the Southern Pacific main road.
"Tnc new bank of Metropolis IL now
IN course Of building and will have been
completed within tho next thirty days
when II will open for business. There
arc ALREADY two good sized restaurants
At Metropolis and a numbar 81 stores
viii ~oon hc established. Land sales arr
Increasing rapidly. and many settlers,
vino realize tho future destiny uf the Soc
floor The community is building up
rapidly. or the fifty miles OF irrigation
canals TO lie constructed. twenty-five
miles already have been completed
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
KNIGHTS TEMPLAR
WILL OBSERVE DAY

Obs sT,irE their annual custom. knights
Tcmplsr al over the United States vii
T1sai ia iheir asslums ~ tho same huu.
fo4Ry and hold services in Keeping with
the siEuiflean"N % trrlstWaS day
Tho hour fixed g. noon Washington
time. or - a. ~. I'm this ri'v. az which
ilTur the sir knight ~ salt Lab. wil
sssc cnbie q, their lodge room n Masonic
temple.
The s~rytcs Mi conEi-t % singing b.
p qIArf-ttc. responses TO tCsSJz and re-
marks ny thc eminent commander. r. {
Richmond.
The Rev. Elmer 7 Goshen vIu oaflv.r
an address on the sentiments of the
sa~
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
cIEEERFuL PATIENT

\ persistent ringing S.n cow 70 .
brought the sleepy ph!F' =.
door IN hurry. rsnt.' be - y
,,Jcd as . dilapidated tTsSi
in ' and planted himself IN c1I' sin't ~
Treatment. Doc. ,.nc,oen, arc =,
well. let's have 1t o.. 60 tho if'ss'
to get back 10 bed. NN''
with you? ,,d the anpav "A
si.1Fs st1.ss-.From 2sToi Norman e A'
iioual Monthly
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
GRIGUHUM FUNERAL
WILL BE HELD HERE

The oooE OF QUO GrlgunUn'. ssed 80
wears q German car repai-er WHO was
killed II kcmnerer. Wyo. last Friday.
as the result OF d collision between a
freight train and "A repair car, arrived In
Salt Lake yesterday afternoon. Gricu-
hum Is survived By widow. Mrs. Paula
Cr.guhum. Who lives at 6ei Pioneer street.
this city.
The funeral will be held TUESDAY af-
ternoon at O'Clock from the morruary
chapel OF Joseph William Taylor. Friends
are invited. Iniermcnt will be in the
Cijv cemetery.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Big Fire at Fl. Dodge, Iowa.

FT. DODGE, Iowa, Dec. @i-Fire which
caused loss estimated at more than
100000, tonight almost completely de-
stroyed The plant OF the Quaker Oats
company here. The cause OF the flrc Is
unknown
The plant which furnishes work 20
nearly $40 people, was closed last week
for Inc
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Fatal Wreck In Canada,

WINNIPEG. Man. Dec. 2i--Tbe Ca
madam Pacific express which left Cal
gary, Alberta Saturday night, west
bound, crashed Into a rock slide near
Lyton today killing one person, inJur-
ing several and demolishing the engine
and express car
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Two Workmen Killed.

CAMDEN. y. J., Dec. o4.--Two men
were killed and six others we're seriously
injured while placing a Sirder across
Cooper creek on tho AIedford branch Of
the West Jersey & Seasnorc railroad to-
day near Haddonfield. y. J. The men
were swinging the glrder on the main
span OF the bridge. when they lost control
feet below
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Molasses Plant Burned.

BOSTON, Dec. 2i-Morc than a million
gallons or molasscs were DESTROYED In a
fire today among the wharves and build
inEs Of the Bos,or Moiasses company
The loss Is estimated at from $3.50 900 to
5000 900.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
ConIesseS Murder.

WINNIPEG. Dec 2a-Albert Enlsop
recently arrived from, England con-
fesscd tonight, the police say. to the rnur-
der OF Caleb Barton and John Gould, pro-
prietors OF a saloon at Nelson. on Frl-
daN Tney euterod the saloon while Boil
son was at the safe.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Old Age Pensions.

NILWAL kEE. Wis. Dec. 2i.-Thc
Milwaukee Electric Rsliway S Light
company. which operates most Of the
electric TailH ayg In and about Milxau-
Gee. tomorrow VIII announce the cstab-
lishmeut ~ an old age pension system.
the establishment o! loan fund and A
mutual benefit association. The COM
pauy expects 70 contribute about $50
BOO a Tc-4r.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Race Riot in Kentucky.

MAYSNILLE, Ky. Dec. 2a.--Word was
received here that q race riot had broken
out between white and negro members
OF n Chesapeake & Ohio cons struCtiou
camp near South Ripley, eight miles
south OF here,
John Stra3brouSh. white. a foreman, is
reported 10 have been killed Officers
left here tonight for the scene of the
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
DYING FROM EFFECTS
OF POISONED BEER

HENDERSON. Ky, Dec "a third
member OF the household may die as the
result Of the poisoning FRIDAY night Of
the family OF Thomas Eoystcr. Three
members of the family and two negro
servants became suddenly i'll after drink
ing beer said 10 have been furnished by
Phillip Burrls, an admrcr of Blanche
Boysier, Who was The only member Of the
family not poisoned.
: Tonight physicians say tho recovery of
Lornc, the thirteen year-old daughter ls
doubtful. Thomas RoyStor will recover.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Three Killed in Wreck.

BRISTOL, Tenn, Dec. 3i,-Three train
men were killed and fourth was prob
ably fatally injured today when a double
header treiGht train on the Virginia and
Southwestern railway ran into n boulder
that bad fallen on the track IN the ma
tural tunnel forty miles west OF Brlatol
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Homoward Bound.

COLON. Dec. 2L--The American con-
Sresslonai committee ou Interstate and
foreign commerce, which has bc.n MAX
Ing an inspection OF the Panama canal
lclL hera Tor The LnltAl Statn- tnaaN-
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Two Trainmen Killed

CAEBONDALE, ill.,. Dec 2s-Ty~
tra!nmcn were killed and three Injured
in "A collision OF Illinois Central freight
trains between G.auisburg and Simp-
son TO-DAY.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
DYNAMITE OUTRAGE
IN SOUTH CHICAGO

CHI AGO. Dec 2i-Dynamito tonight
destroyed III" publishing office of the
DAILY Calumet, a newspaper published in
South Chicago. The printing press and
linotype equipment wero blown To pieces.
George ". Boiling. editor Of the paper.
had been active In a crusade al;iinst
writer's OF Black Hand letters and had
rgcgiy cJ many thrcat euln.- letters
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Special Services Today.

Services viii be held today At the DAN
ish Lutheran church, corner First ave-
nue. aud y street Harald Jensen, pas tor
There Tiil b. Deld Christ mas day fes-
tlval and high mass service at IL a. ~
emo services in the evening at s o'clock
On TUESDAY at 1:3O p NJ. there will be
n Christmas tree festival.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Christmas s.abbIng Affrav

| EMPORLA Kan, Dec ei.-Turiug a
| Christmas programme last night at a
country schoolnouse near here. Ernest
Van Sickle and Wilbur Jones were
stabbed aud dangerously injured by Ar
thur and Walter Noun6rs. Al are under
| - years old.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
services AZ st. nrarss.

The following services will be held -.
-. Msrcks cathedral. Episcopal First
South street neGr Second East street:
hoiN communion si i,rn a n. Holy com
rnunion 40 ~ r. m; sermon b. tue dean;
evening prayer a. o'clock
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
LOSS SlO0.O0n.

HARRIS BURG. Pa. De-. 2t Fire dis
covered early today IN tho center OF tho
business section of this city did dam
men were Ovcrcome hY Rmokr
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
Spania rds FiRht Tribesmen

MADRID. Dec. eE--An official dispatch
from Meliln. Morocco. reports an rx
tended engagement with trinesm.n Dc
ccmbor 2. The Span!8rIs lost nine killed
and thirty-eight wounded,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25

Dependable servsnts~-maids. cooks.
mattresses. 2overnesses. secopd girls
all look TO the Want Columns 10 pro-
vide them employment and opportuni.
ties for Advancement,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25
JEWISH SOCIETY
FITTlNGLf LAUNCHED

An informal meeting of the social and
literary society recently formed by the
younger Jewish set OF the city Was held
last night al the Bnai Birth hall, 20
South Third East street. The purpose Of
the meeting was TO Increase the member
ship aud general interest In the society
and TO choose q name. motto and coIorS
for the organiza uon. s progra mme Was
given for entertainment and refreshments
were served. y portion OF the evening
was spent In dancing.
The name decided upon was the Menora
Social club; the motto. 'Helpfulness. Sot
Sclhshncss the Colors. bluc and white.
The decision was made by three judges.
based on the members ballots. The pro-
Grnmme was as follows.
Introductory Remarks ....-.........
......-... President Morris ltosenblatt
Address. "Prrpose OF tl1c club '......
........ .,...........,.. Rabbi Eevrsh
Vocal Solo ......,-.......,fa fannie shapiro
Address. Advantages OF OrEauza-
ION ,.....-p--.-,-.-- .KaDoi Freund
Violin solo ............... Hymie peutsCh
vocal colo. s---.' 80. ...'.'.. 'Ape wore
Name, color and motto contest judges.
David Levitt, Lou Weinberg and Ezra
Bas-.
The officers ol the club arc. President.
Morris RoscnbIatt; vice president, BESSIE
Aoramson; secretary, Ida Fr!edman
treasurer, Julius Friedman. board OF di-
rec,ors, Herman Siecel. Harriet TyrolIer,
Abe Wolfe and Dora RogswslSy
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25

YEA 90 ~ = .SWoRO
-Sesa Lower koN aa A
ONE H'n'G cIGCOS n0hT
Se' Up rEt u A - cul
W d o4e s'eST sTsep
No~ HGlp PACK
a.
~ ~
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25

puT Vp pID JAL TRHEN
roR DtG jA|ovI PEDDIE
rfoGRafa AGA PLAY ~ ne
oNHO SWSLLorts SwoNoj
ltElP ooT'e. D-E ARao
TROUPE eios ne Icr,so
ocNheS 90 Ie<. fAac
TRItE}
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1911-12-25

TNGS Help TAKE pOvsS
ne TENTs PAIc SEn On
'Se THotSS LEAD OiS
ioe1ES covSI rtea
NGGp NfDa HrBN FNns
cNE TO ECOR I'LL vuE
CT % n4e sET TOWN
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09
that one-tenth of future crops be

that one-tenth Of future crops De burned.
 As it has turned e.rt, <:4e vaforiza- tion scheme, so near to bringing Sac Paulo into financial difficulties three years ago, has turned out to be a financial success. Mail advices from Brazil this week brought an official detailed report from Dr. Olavo Egy- dio, secretary of finance to the Presi- dent of Sac Paulo, in which it was figured that the 6.310,000 bags in hands of the committee at the end of the year showed an approximate val tions which weigh directly on the Treasury on January 1, are about $65, 10000 From the economic standpoint, therefore, besides keep ing millions from ruin, the operation was highly advantageous to the state from a financial standpoint" says the secretary.
 In speaking of the reasons for val orization, the secretary says:
 A fall in prices (below cents a pound) would have been the ruin, not of the planters alone, but of the whole state. because all the great commercial and industrial interests of Sac Paulo are dependent upon cof- fee. It is not possible to describe the situation which would thus have with difficulties judged invincible, if the government had merely taken steps of simple expediency, leaving the process of natural selection to do it's work of destruction.
 It would have been the ruin of the colossal coffee industry; it would have caused complete disorganization of the commerce of Santos inseparably involved with the coffee industry; it would have been the annfhilation of those great transporting agencies which are our pride; it would have been the disnationalization of our ter ritory, and worse than all. it would have been the death comm erc!ally of the present generation of Paulistas, upon whose herculean shoulders the richness and prosperity of the state rests.
 All honor, therefore, to Dr. Jorge Tibirica and his able secretaries, your Excellency among them, for conceiv- ing the idea of valorization of coffee by direct intervention, and for stand ing by the entire population of Sac Paulo, then threatened with so much danger and ruin.
 All this is of the past, and, as said has turned out well for Brazil. But to the coffee cup of the poor man in America the withholding of valorized coffee to-day Is adding a price bur den which could readily be removed were a larger portion to be sold this
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09
FOOD SUPPLY FOR BIRDS
Scarcity of Both Food and Shelter When Snow Gov CTS the Ground.
By J. J. Dodds. for the Connecticut Fish and Game Protective
 tot

By J. J. Dodds. for the Connecticut
 Fish and Game Protective
 Associat tion.)
 The greatest barrier to, the increase of quail in Connecticut is the uncer- tainty of an adequate food supply for the birds during the winter. If there were no snow to cover the ground, the birds. having access to their usual feeding places would ordinarily not be injured by the cold weather. Though much has yet to be learned as to the best methods for overcom- ing this difficulty. it is believed that many conveys of quail can be brought safely through the winter if the farm CTS throughout the State will take but little interest in the matter.
 Therefore. when asked by the Con- necticut Fish and Game Protective Association. through Secretary Hod- ley P. Carter of New Britain, to write a series of articles calling attention to matters of importance in connec- ton with game protection. it seemed fitting that the first of the series should be on the protection and pres ervation of quail during the winter.
 Hardy as the native quail is. he is often sorely put to it to find food and shelter during severe winters; and. as each succeeding year finds
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09

ton sold the land for $500. It had meanwhile received no Improvements beyond the building of a shack which cost perhaps SEQ.
 section formerly owned by the late George Merchant. has been sold to Lamar Bulkley of Darien. The prop erty includes farm of about 90 acres and the price was about $5.oo0. The new owner has not yet occupied the property.
 The estates of the late Patrick Green and of Hannah Green. his de- ceased wife. are being settled together. E.. M. Bradley and Marcus H. Burr. the appraisers. have inventoried the husbands estate at $8.o00 in realty and the estate of the wife at about s4,500. all in bank deposits.
 A recent warm spell which freed the ground from frost gave an opportun- ity to observe how effective the re- building of the road across Sunset ing the auagmire conditions which formerly accompanied q thaw. Evf- dently the drainage system put in by Commodore Luttgen as part of the improvement has wrought complete cure. as the gutters were free of wa the roads in any other locality.
 Thomas Delaney has almost fully recovered from the brain affection which made him helpless and most of the time unconscious for nearly three months. His mind is fully re- stored to its normal condition and his strength is fast returning. The pres ent Putnam Park Commission will probably not reinstate him in his for mer position as caretaker at the park, but he will. seek reappointment from the commission as constituted through fhn in%, Baldwin. The terms of these mem- bers begin next July and MT. De- laney's request for another engage ment will be backed by a petition now in circula ton.
 A dance was given at Grange hall on the Ridge last Friday evening un- der the management of John Malone and Dennis Ryan. On the same ev- ening the colored folks came from far and near to attend a dance given by Henry Warton at his home in Pleasant Valley.
 The remaining sessions of the board of relief are to be held next Monday and Tuesday. and on the same days of the following week.
 Tax Collector Duncan has been en- gagged by the Selectmen as their agent to collect the personal or poll tax levied for the present year.
 The bill to make permanent as an independent school district the pres- ent union district known as Mo- 10 of Wilton. was introduced in the House at Hartford on Wednesday of last week by Representative Peck.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09
Bowling
 P O O ECKLER 6 COMPANY 96S-AIAIN STREET-s74
96S-AIAIN STREET-sz4

Prices on all millinery takes a big
 tumble at the
 BIG DAY SALE. Ch1ldren's and Misses Trimmed Felt Hats. worth $500 and $500, now 100 Children's and Misses Hats, worth $3.5O, now .5O Ladies' Velvet Hats, worth $4, now ............ 1.19 $500 and $500 Beaver Hats black and white, now 2.4S $500 Ladies' Trimmed Hats now 100 $500 Ladies' Trimmed Hats now :..:.. ........ 200 $500 Ladies Trimmed Hats S.UU $15.00 and s1S.OO Willow Fumes, Is inches, long. now. 7.95 Tam o'Shanters and Toboggans, all colors, worth soc to $1.OO, .oOW ........ .19 Children's Bonnets from to 10 years, all hand made, worth $500. This lot includes beav- CTS. Now 1.5O GOTTLIEB GORNIAN cos, ODD.
 Howland's.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09

WANT ADS. CENT A WORD
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09

soc Heavy Fleeced Un- derwear for Ladies.
 With this 00n Coupon .~ OOO
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09
ALLIANCE FRANCHISE.

On Friday evening of this week fin the ball room of the Hotel Stratfield the usual mid-winter play of the AL liance Francaise will be given at SIS o'clock. The play selected this year is: 'I' Anglais tel qu' on le parle."
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09
Paint Without Oil Remarka ble Discovery that Cuts Down the Cost of Paint Seventy-five
 Per Cent
A Free Trial Package is Mailed to
 Everyone Who Writes

A Free Trial Package is Mailed to
 Everyone Who Writes
 A. l.. Rice, prominent manufac- turer of Adams, N. Y., has discovered a process of making a new kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls 1t Powdrpaint. It comes in the form of dry powder and all that is re- Quired is cold water to make a paint weather proof, fire proof and as du, rable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface. wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much
 Write to MT. A. l.. Rice, Manuf'r, 614 North St., Adams, N. Y., and he will send you a free trial package, ,also color card and full information show ing you how you can save a good many dollars. Write today.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1911-02-09

Regular $10 Fancy Dresses at the btg 4 DAY SALE $500. GOTTLIEB GORAIAN CO, 1O4S Main
 St.
The Charles Mix new era. (Wagner, Charles Mix County, S.D.) 1???-1911, 1911-01-20
Commissioners Proceedings

Continued from page one
T F Ward, county Judge. $4,000
A Is Beck, states attorney, $1,000
j V Murphy, superintendent of
schools, $500
J F Nichols, justice of the peace,
$500
G S Warren, justice of the
peace, $500
L F Crowley, county constable,
$500
VIM Hinkley. county constable,
$500
On motion the board adjourn.
ed to meet Jan. 4.
January 4
Board met persuant to ad.
iournment. Present K. F. Wyn-
ia, W. F. Brazzill. Joseph Lind
and H. &, Wilson, county
auditor.
Inasmuch as states attorney,
A. B. Beck, takes his Office on
the. eve of a term of court and
there is a large volume Of Grim.
inal business to be disposed of,
with which Mr.. Upton, ex states
attorney, is familiar, Mr.. Beck
requests that Mr.. Upton be re-
tanned to assist him at the pres
'ent term of court, and Mr.. Tip
ton conserving, on motion by
BRAZIL and seconded by Lind
quist he was retained at a fee of
$3.50 to assist states attorney
Beck under the following condi
tions. 800 to be paid today;
$3.50 to be paid at the April
meeting of the board of county
commissioners. Motion carried.
On motion by BRAZIL and
seconded by Lindquist it was
ordered tn at the New Era, the
Geddes Record and Wheeler
Courier be appointed the official
papers of Charles Mix county
| for 1911. Motion carried, Wynis
voting no.
I. On motion the following bills
! were allowed:
j It Campbell, per diem,
com work, mileage. 26 o.
J E Upton, expense 4th or
ending Dec 31......... 40 Il
j V Murphy, clerk hire
six months ending Dec
/ 81. -. $50 OF
j Murphy, ex co supt's