Bisbee daily review., 1911-10-24
Russian Letter


 ST. PETERsBURC. Oct. 2S Elm. neror Nicholas has granted q pension Of 26.000 roubIes to the widow Of Pre- mier Stolypin. This sum equals his sal ary as minister of the interior. As Is known. stolypin declined any sup elementary salary as president of the council of ministers and his tenure Of that post necessitated a consider able expenditure of private Income.
 Premier Kokoylsoff's difficulties with the enforcement Of StolypiH'a policies has begun. He has been try ing 10 deal with a deputation repre-. senting thirty-one thousand house holds in Bakhmut district (Yekaterin- oslay Pro,ince) who refused to break up their communes and bass on 10 iu. dlvidual ownership of the land. For two years these determined commun. ists have been resisting the eounsels 'of the local governor to divide their land, and an area Of 302, 400 acres has been lying fallow. Wormwood grows on It in place O. crops. The deputation declares that if the government wanted war it could have it: seventy thousand able bodied men could be mustered in support of the communes. The peasants had sold one-third of thelr live stock and were further pre- pared to suffer famine and fight to the end. This Bakhnut incident is the
 most striking one in the carrying sut of the Sgrarian reform. of which mil lions e peasants have taken advant- age though the inert peasant mass resents it.
 A perfected method of obtaining pearls has been discovered by a Rus. sian scientist. Czeslav Khmelievsky. who is in charge of the Ponevyezh biological station of the Imperial Pfs- cicultural society. Fine specimens Of unattached pearls 3 to Inillimeters in diameter have been obtained by this method in from three to five years. No detail of the discovery has been communeated by it's author 10 any one, but it is supposed to be based on the Japanese system af artificial ir- ritation of the pearl molluc by the introduction of q foreign substance. The oyster gradually covers the itt4eANouh Oi SAstoS BteiuSs W HIGH are ah- troduced through perforation in the shell, with layers of pearl matter. The Japanese subject 500.000 oysters 10 this process yearly on the pearl banks in the Gulf of Ago. The principal fault with their product is that it is gener- ally found attached to the valve of the shell closely ingrown or attached to the matrix by a thin stem. Such semi-globular pearls have only a limited use, for rings and pins. but not for earrings or necklaces.
 Mr Khmelievsky has solved the problem Of producing perfect, unat- taehed pearls. < group of persons in- terested in the exploitation of this discovery has recently commissioned 8 young naturalist to go 10 Japan and Germany tn investigate methods in use. The government has also taken an interest in the matter. through it's Piscrultual establishment at Nfkolsk. A serious supposition exists that broolctrout harbOrs pearl-eyster-spawn on it's scales and gills. It is intended 10 take advantage Of this fact in con rectiOn with the culture uf the fresh 1 water pearl-oyster in the North of Rus sia.
 In the time of Peter the Great this was an important branch of state rev. enues, and thousands of persons gained their livelihood at the Russian freshwater pearl banks in the North and Northwest.